INISTRATIVE REPORTS
to the Governor
AmericanFoundation
ForTHEBLIND inc.
RECEIVED
DEC 7 1951
STATE BOARD
State of Connecticut EDUCATION OF THE BLIND
PUBLIC DOCUMENT No. 97
Digest
of
Connecticut Administrative
Reports 19504951
to the
Governor
Volume V
Published at
HARTFORD, CONN.
1951
■tfl/J7?C
Compiled and edited by Walter P. Jennings, Examiner
of Administrative Reports, under supervision of
FRANK M. LYNCH
Commissioner of Finance and Control
PRINTED UNDER AUTHORITY OF SECTION 40b
Cum. Suppl., 1951.
Cover design and drawings by Dorothy Haynes
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Foreword by Governor John Lodge 9
Fundamental Orders by Chief Justice Allyn L. Brown 11
Introduction by Commissioner of Finance and Control Frank M. Lynch 13
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Secretary of the State 15
State Comptroller IS
Treasury Department 21
Attorney General 23
Department of Finance and Control 27
Finance Advisory Committee 47
Personnel Appeal Board 53
Advisory Personnel Committee 55
Tax Department 56
Legislative Research Department 61
Investment Committee 63
Governmental Cooperative Agencies 65
State Employees' Retirement Commission 73
Commission on Civil Rights 79
Public Works Department 90
Auditors of Public Accounts 96
Office of State Editor 98
THE JUDICIARY
Judicial Department 100
PROTECTION OF PERSONS AND PROPERTY
Department of Motor Vehicles 103
State Police Department 108
Office of Civil Defense 115
Insurance Department 123
3
PAGE
Banking Department 130
Milk Administrator 139
Wholesale Milk Producers' Council 145
Athletic Commission 150
Department of Aeronautics 1 53
Connecticut Unemployment Commission 161
Workmen's Compensation Commission 163
Liquor Control Commission 167
Department of Labor 170
Public Utilities Commission 187
Military Department 193
Architectural Examining Board 198
Board of Examiners of Barbers 200
Board of Examiners in Chiropody 201
Commission of Opticians 202
Pharmacy Commission 204
Board of Engineers and Land Surveyors 206
Board of Healing Arts 210
Dental Commission 212
Board of Accountancy 214
Board of Chiropractic Examiners 215
Board of Examiners of Embalmers 217
Homeopathic Medical Examining Board 219
Medical Examining Board 220
Board of Naturopathic Examiners 222
Board of Examiners in Optometry 223
Board of Examiners for Nursing 224
Board of Examiners of Psychologists 226
Osteopathic Examining Board 227
Examiners of Physiotherapy Technicians 228
Tree Protection Examining Board 230
Board of Veterinary Examination 231
NATURAL RESOURCES, HEALTH, AND SANITATION
Department of Farms and Markets 232
Food and Drug Commission 247
Connecticut Marketing Authority 253
Agricultural Experiment Station 256
4
PAGE
Board of Fisheries and Game 264
Shell Fish Commission 275
Water Commission 277
Connecticut Development Commission 283
Geological and Natural History Survey 289
Department of Health 291
Interstate Sanitation Commission 316
CHARITIES, HOSPITALS, CORRECTION, EDUCATION .
Commissioner of Welfare 318
Public Welfare Council 332
Commission on Chronically 111, Aged and Infirm 336
Soldiers' Sailors' and Marines' Fund 343
Commission on Alcoholism 345
Mystic Oral School 351
Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission 353
Tuberculosis Commission 357
Joint Committee of State Mental Hospitals 367
Mansfield State Training School and Hospital 380
Southbury Training School 386
Child Study and Treatment Home 396
Board of Education of the Blind 399 *•
Connecticut State Prison 403
Board of Pardons 407
School for Boys 409
Long Lane School 412
Connecticut Reformatory 415
Farm and Prison for Women 418
Prison Association 422
United Spanish War Veterans 424
University of Connecticut 426
State Board of Education 437
Public School Building Commission 465
Teachers' Retirement System 479
State Library 483
Mansfield-Southbury Social Service Department 487
5
PUBLIC SERVICES, PARKS, MEMORIALS, HIGHWAYS
PAGE
Commissioners of Steamship Terminals 491
Park and Forest Commission 493
Fort Griswold and Groton Monument Commission 498
Henry Whitfield Historical Museum 500
Highway Department 501
Traffic Commission 516
Merritt Parkway Commission 518
Highway Safety Commission 521
Israel Putnam Memorial Camp Ground Commission 525
Commission on Forfeited Rights 527
Index 529
Digitized by the Internet Archive
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http://www.archive.org/details/digestofconnectiOOwalt
GOVERNOR JOHN LODGE
FOREWORD
By His Excellency, John Lodge
Governor of Connecticut
To even the well-informed citizen, this volume of Administrative Re-
ports (the fifth to be published), will convey much that is new and inter-
esting. The 1950-51 Digest, although considerably more condensed than its
predecessors, summarizes the extensive and complex operations of our
State government, bringing to interested citizen and public servant alike
an encyclopedic source of information. This volume concisely ranges the
whole field of activity of which Capitol Hill is the directing center.
Accordingly the digest serves an excellent purpose, both for the public
officials who use it as a valuable reference, and for the information of the
citizens and private organizations of our State. It is axiomatic that only
as the citizen keeps himself accurately and thoroughly informed of the func-
tioning of his government can he hope to exercise to full advantage the
powers inherent in his citizenship.
To Walter P. Jennings, who edited this material, and to all persons
and agencies cooperating in the preparation of this volume, I wish to ex-
press my appreciation. The covers, commemorating as they do, one of the
most important events of Connecticut history, the signing of the Funda-
mental Orders, deserve especial notice. In an admirable article published
in this volume, the Chief Justice of our Supreme Court of Errors discusses
the significance of the adoption of the Fundamental Orders. I should like
in this foreword to comment briefly on the event itself.
Our thoughts are carried back to a memorable January night in the
history of Connecticut and the nation 312 years ago. Through the snowy
streets of Hartford walk little groups of men convened for a meeting which
(although they do not know it) is destined to rank as one of the great
events in the chronicle of the centuries to come.
They had gathered together from their homes in Hartford, Wethers-
field and Windsor, homes raised by their own efforts in a fertile and
beautiful valley which only three years earlier was an almost untenanted
wilderness. In their number were a few persons of learning ; some among
them were well-to-do for that time; but the majority were men of modest
or humble condition.
Their meeting was no spur-of-the-moment occasion. A year earlier,
in the Spring of 1638 they had met to consider the subject of government
on which they were now to take such memorable action. At that time they
10 FOREWORD
had been addressed by their spiritual leader, the powerfully eloquent
Thomas Hooker, then a man of 52.
Opening a Bible, the text of which only a few years before had been
burnished by King James's scholars and poets into the greatest utterance
of the English tongue, Hooker took as his text the 13th verse of the First
Chapter of the Book of Deuteronomy. It is a verse that well suited his
tremendous theme.
"By God's own allowance," said Hooker, "the choice of public magis-
trates belongs unto the people. The foundation of all civil authority," he
declared, "is laid firstly in the free consent of the people." How eloquently
that statement was echoed a century and a half later in the Declaration
of Independence which set forth that "governments derive their just powers
from the consent of the governed."
How admirably Hooker's great sermon foreshadowed the adoption of
the American Constitution when he went on to say that "they who have
power to appoint officers and magistrates, it is in their power also to set
the bounds and limitations of the power and place unto which they call
them."
It was Henry Wolcott of Windsor who on that occasion wrote down
Hooker's great thoughts and preserved them for us. These are concepts
on which the Connecticut colonists pondered deeply and earnestly during
the ensuing year. And when they met in Hartford in January of 1639.
their deliberations gave fruit to the Fundamental Orders, a document
which has been justly called "the most far-reaching political work of
modern times."
That document was the first written constitution known to history.
That assemblage in Hartford was the first of its kind in the modern age.
a meeting which brought about a government for a people in which their
men all took part. The only sanction which their government requested,
the only authority on which that government sought to be obeyed was
the will of the people which it so eloquently expressed.
How immensely proud every Connecticut citizen should be to realize
that Hartford was the birthplace of the wonderful doctrine later to be so
simply and powerfullv expressed by another great American — the doctrine
of "government of the people, by the people and for the people."
FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS
By ALLYN L. BROWN,
Chief Justice.
The Fundamental Orders adopted on January 14, 1638, constituted the
beginning of Connecticut as a commonwealth. Shortly before their adoption
the Reverend Thomas Hooker had declared in a notable sermon, that "The
foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people." This con-
cept amounted to a repudiation of the principle theretofore recognized and
accepted of "the divine right of kings." While the Fundamental Orders con-
tained no express affirmation of this declaration, it was reasonably implicit
in them nevertheless. They acknowledged no ownership by the crown and
no sovereignty in it or allegiance to it. The democratic idea was there as
well as provision for putting that idea into practice. It comprised a simple
structure of independent, representative government, with those safeguards
against dictatorship and tyranny which accorded with democratic principles.
Thereby the Connecticut colonists instead of recognizing allegiance to
England, in effect set up an independent government. The Fundamental
Orders with these provisions prescribing a framework of government, as
well as a permanent limitation on governmental power, were in essence a
constitution. Thus the historian John Fiske has well said that this instrument
was "the first written consitution known to history that created a government
and it marked the beginning of American democracy." The royal charter
received from King Charles II in 1662 was accordingly regarded by the
colonists as a protection for and guaranty of the government rather than as
the source of their government. As a consequence, from 1776 until the adop-
tion of the Connecticut Constitution in 1818, our state could still carry on
the government under the charter. Therefore, Connecticut has preserved a
continuity of constitutional development hardly equaled by any other state
or nation, and has never departed from the vital democratic principles first
enunciated in the Fundamental Orders.
These precepts not only marked a notable advance in the spirit of democ-
racy in New England, but anticipated in important respects the principles
later incorporated in the Constitution of the United States. As John Fiske
points out, the Fundamental Orders "created a state which was really a tiny
federal republic, and it recognized the principle of federal equality by equali-
ty of representation among the towns, while at the same time it recognized
popular sovereignty by electing its governor and its upper house by a plurali-
ty vote." Further, "it conferred upon the General Court only such powers
as were expressly granted. In these peculiarities we may see how largely it
served as a precedent for the Constitution of the United States." Reflection
upon the origin, nature and history of these and our other state and national
constitutional guaranties, and upon the well over three centuries of enjoy-
ment of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness thereunder by the people
of this commonwealth, should inspire each one of us to strive afresh to
safeguard these rights which constitute our heritage.
11
INTRODUCTION
By Frank M. Lynch
Commissioner of Finance and Control
The Digest of Administrative Reports has achieved, we hope, the
designation which the title indicates. The reports herein are a condensation
of more lengthy, more detailed and more technical data which have in their
entirety been submitted to his Excellency, Governor John Lodge. It was
the responsibility of this office under statutory requirement to summarize
these reports to the point that they would be easily intelligible to the general
reader. For those interested professionally in the complete account of the
activities of a specific department we hasten to note that they need only
consult the Digest for the agency in which they have a concern and write
the head of the department who, we are certain, will be only too happy to
supply what further information any individual may desire.
Because of material shortages, a restricted labor market and in the
interest, more particularly, of economy, it was requested that administrators
aim at brevity, factuality and self-restraint in any temptation to self-lauda-
tion. On editing it was discovered that a number of departments submitted
pages of material verbatim with what had been printed in previous issues of
this digest. We saw no valid reason for swelling the size of this volume by
repetition of this data.
Reports in recent years had become increasingly voluminous to the
point where they were meeting reader resistance and contributing little to
the intelligence of the citizens as to the functions, scope and financial burden
which the manifold activities of the state imposed. It is a pleasure to report
that, almost without exception, we received the whole-hearted cooperation
of administrative heads in our goals of brevity and simplicity.
Many citizens may be taken aback by the heavy expenditures of such
departments as Highway, Welfare and Education. Many also may be
amazed to learn of the almost innumerable activities which years of statutory
accretion have made the responsibility of the State. It is important that the
citizen should be made aware of the total cost of operation of so many and
diverse departments, for the burden of these operations necessarily becomes
an obligation of the individual taxpayer.
Connecticut is primarily an industrial state. The degree of prosperity
enjoyed by the men and women of the state, be they merchant, farmer,
laborer, chief, depends largely on the extent to which Connecticut indus-
tries produce and profitably sell articles of commerce.
It may be of interest to note that the Labor Department reported that
13
14 INTRODUCTION
as of June 30, 1951, there were 820,630 persons gainfully employed in the
state. Of this number, 417,330 earned an average of $67.34 per week in
industry. Significantly the labor department reports that the total annual
payroll in Connecticut as of June 30, 1951, from private, non-agricultural
sources amounted to $2,405,058,000 and that of this amount $1,478,603,000
was paid to the men and women of this state who work in industry for
wages.
The fact that as of June 30, 1941, total state expenditures amounted
to $68,857,264 and for same period ending 1951 they were $172,669,830
should give pause to those who, in season and out of season, urge an
expansion of state services.
Connecticut men and women may not be aware of the fact that the
federal government currently is taking $818,000,000 out of the state by
way of income taxes; that the state of Connecticut demands another $172,-
000,000; and that towns and municipalities require another $1 50.000 ,000
to perform their governmental functions; a grand total of approximately
$1,140,000,000 in direct taxes on a state whose population amounts to
about 2,000,000 persons.
The very best available estimates place incomes of individuals and
Connecticut corporations at an amount in the neighborhood of $4,000,000,-
000. It would appear that Connecticut citizens and corporations are paying
about twenty-eight per cent of their earnings in taxes.
It becomes clear that before the citizen buys any groceries, pays any
doctor bills, or feeds and clothes his family there is a mortgage on his
wages marked "GOVERNMENT."
SECRETARY OF THE STATE
General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
-Alice K. Leopold, Secretary
Established— 1638
Statutory authority-
sion, Section 1 57
Administrative head
of the State
Deputy administrator — Charles B. Keats, Deputy
Secretary of the State
Central office — State Capitol, Hartford; Telephone
7-6341, "Ext. 2316
Average number of full-time employees — 32
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-51 — Legislative
Appropriation $147,359
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-51 — Recurring operat-
ing expenditures $145,182.78
Organization structure — The office of the Secretary
of the State is divided into four major divisions ;
Administrative Division, Elections Division; Cor-
porations Division and Publications Division
Income from fees and services fiscal year 1950-51- — ■
$398,454.42
Founded in 1638 by provision of the Fundamental Orders, the office
of the Secretary of the State, now held by Alice K. Leopold, of Weston, is
an elective constitutional office. Custodian of the Seal of the state, as well as
public documents and formal records of the state, among the more important
of which are the Public and Special Acts and Resolutions of the General
Assembly, the Secretary of the State heads an office with a wide variety of
divisions and services. Since the time of Edward Hopkins the first Secretary
of the State, the authority and responsibilities of the office have continually
expanded until it now has over fifty constitutional or statutory duties to
perform.
Among the functions of the Secretary of the State are the collection
of fees, sale of publications, and fees for other services which make the
office a large producer of revenues, other than taxes. During the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1951, the department took in $395,357.57 for fees and sales
and an additional $2,996.85 under the escheats law. This brought to the state
treasury a total of $398,454.42. The total recurring expenditures for the
fiscal year were $145,182.78.
15
16 SECRETARY OF THE STATE
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
Among the many and varied services* and functions of the Secretary of
the State are the calling of the Senate to order, the administration of the
official oath on the first day of each session and the adjournment of the
General Assembly on the last day of each session. The Secretary of the State,
as keeper of the Seal, affixes it to all official documents including all commis-
sions issued in the name of the state and certifications of copies of official
records.
Since the office of the Secretary of the State is generally looked upon as
the official source for all information pertaining to the state, recent General
Assemblies have provided for the maintenance of a Division of Professional
and Vocational Licensing. This branch is charged with keeping a central
registry of information concerning twenty-one state licensing boards and
commissions. The Secretary of State's office also maintains a service for
mimeographing, photostating and microfilming.
ELECTIONS DIVISION
A major responsibility placed on the Secretary of the State by the 1951
General Assembly concerns the important and sizable assignment of prepar-
ing a revision of the sections of the General Statutes relating to elections,
primaries, caucuses and conventions for the purposes of consolidation and
clarification. This revision together with a report is to be submitted to the
General Assembly at its 1953 session.
As the chief elections officer of the state, the Secretary of the State is
responsible for the administration and interpretation of all the election laws.
Among the functions in this category are the filing and checking of all peti-
tions for party designation on the ballots, the filing and checking of offices
to be filled and party nominations for such offices. The office is also charged
with approval of voting machines, the preparation and checking of paper
ballots and the checking of voting machine ballot labels. The Secretary of
the State also furnishes instructions and supplies to local election officials
and compiles election statistics and the returns required under the Corrupt
Practices Act.
CORPORATIONS DIVISION
Administration of the laws relative to corporations created under the
provisions of the General Statutes is another important duty of the Secretary
of the State. This includes approval of all certificates of incorporation, organ-
ization and dissolution, and the receipt and filing of annual reports.
In 1945, the General Assembly gave to the office of the Secretary of the
State the administration of an escheat law, which provides for the collection
of unclaimed deposits and property in the hands of all individuals, partner-
ships, corporations, etc.
Lobbyists and their employers are also required to register with the
Secretary of the State, since that office is charged with the administration
of the law concerning appearances before the General Assembly.
SECRETARY OF THE STATE 17
PUBLICATIONS DIVISION
The Secretary of the State publishes many of the books pertaining to
state government and is responsible for several types of literature published
by other agencies. Among the volumes published by the Secretary of the
State are the Connecticut State Register and Manual, Public Acts from
Passage, the Election Laws, the Corporation Laws, the Trade Mark Laws,
the Special Acts, the Preliminary Manual of the General Assembly and the
Statement of Vote.
Books published by other departments and distributed or sold by the
Secretary of the State include the Connecticut General Statutes, the Prelimi-
nary Edition of the Public Acts, the Cumulative Supplement to the General
Statutes, the Workmen's Compensation Digest Decisions and the Connecti-
cut Practice Book.
STATE COMPTROLLER
Established — 1 786
Statutory Authority — Constitutional officer Section
19, Article 4 as amended, General Statutes, Re-
vision of 1949, Chapter 9. Special Acts and sec-
tions in general statutes too numerous to list
Administrative Head — Fred R. Zeller, State Comp-
troller
Deputy Administrator— Charles P. Harper, Deputy
Comptroller
Offices — State Capitol first floor ; telephone 7-6341
Ext. 391.
Average number of full-time employees — 110
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-51 — $3,821,-
653.36
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-51— $3,662,757.54
Organisation structure — Administration ; Central Accounting ; Payroll Ac-
counting ; Field Accounting ; Checkwriting and Vendor Records ; Claims
and Purchases ; Group Life Insurance ; Savings Bonds ; Income Tax With-
holdings ; Fixed Assets Inventory: Office Equipment Maintenance; Em-
ployees Retirement Division.
ADMINISTRATION
During the past year three former divisions of this office were trans-
ferred to a reconstituted Department of Public Works. In line with legislation
establishing the latter as a central agency for the construction and mainte-
nance of governmental fixed assets, the former real assets division, the former
capitol and grounds maintenance division, and 'the former lease division
were all withdrawn from the Comptroller's area of responsibility and made
the nucleus of the new Department of Public Works. At the same time other
services, by comparison relatively minor, were transferred to the supervisor
of purchases.
CENTRAL ACCOUNTING DIVISION
This division of the Comptroller's department is the central accounting
office of the State. As such, it produces the annual reports which tell the
story of Connecticut's financial condition. In addition, interim management
18
COMPTROLLER 19
reports of General Fund operations are transmitted monthly to the Governor,
the press, and other interested parties. These presentations are a valuable
basis for fiscal policy determination and make possible intelligent evaluation
and execution of the budget.
PAYROLL DIVISION
Payrolls for all but hourly workers are produced each pay period and
distributed to all agencies. When approved by the agencies, the payrolls are
audited by the Auditors of Public Accounts. Paychecks are then made out
and distributed by this division to the agencies. From the same plate making
the payroll and check, employee records are compiled.
FIELD ACCOUNTING DIVISION
This division is primarily engaged in planning, improving and revising
the accounting systems of the various state agencies.
During the year, a comprehensive review of surety bond coverage of
all state employees was undertaken and completed.
Before making replacements of antiquated office equipment by modern
equipment in state agencies and departments located in Hartford, thorough
studies of requirements were made.
Recommendations of the State Auditors in reports on state agencies
were reviewed.
Assistance was rendered to various departments in the standardization
of accounting routine and in training new personnel in small agencies.
CHECKWRITING AND VENDOR RECORDS DIVISION
This division writes checks for all purchases and contracts made by
the state with few exceptions. This work is done on special machines which
produce, list, and check vendors records in one operation. The checks are
sent to the Treasurer for counter signature and control. The checks are
then mailed to the vendor by this division. Some idea of the volume of work
may be obtained by considering the amount of postage used which is budgeted
this year as $15,000.00.
CLAIMS AND PURCHASES DIVISION
During the past fiscal year the claims division has processed and ap-
proved for payment approximately a half-million invoices. All invoices sub-
mitted by every state agency must be approved in this division to ascertain
whether they are mathematically correct, signed with an authorized signature,
are in conformance with the law and are a proper charge to the state. Pay-
ment lists are segregated so that they may be handled more efficiently and
also to allow the state to benefit from any cash discount.
Another function of the claims division is to approve purchase orders
and commitments submitted by every state agency. These are checked to
ascertain whether they are in accord with the standard budgetary classifica-
tions and in accordance with the statutes of the state.
20 COMPTROLLER
GROUP LIFE INSURANCE DIVISION
Under Sections 415 to 418 of the 1949 Revision of the General Statutes,
the contributory plan of life insurance for state employees is administered
by the Comptroller. Deductions are made from earnings of employees de-
siring this service. Approximately three quarters of all state employees are
insured. To date death claims of $437,000 have been paid to the beneficiaries
of 241 deceased employees.
SAVINGS BOND DIVISION
As an employee service this division, through payroll deductions, issued
31,979 bonds. The maturity value of these bonds was $1,104,750.00.
This service was started in 1942. To date $10,056,300.00 (maturity
value) in bonds have been issued.
INCOME TAX WITHHOLDING DIVISION
Income tax withholdings of $4,646,121.57 were made covering 23,831
employees. The money was paid to the Collector of Internal Revenue and re-
ports showing amount earned and tax withheld delivered to each employee.
All reports were delivered on schedule and no extension of time was
requested.
FIXED ASSETS INVENTORY DIVISION
Under Section 275 of the 1949 General Statutes a detailed inventory
of all property real and personal owned by the state is compiled by this divi-
sion. A large amount of this record is kept through the use of punched cards
which automatically list all necessary information. The primary use is for
control and insurance purposes.
OFFICE MAINTENANCE DIVISION
This division repairs, rebuilds and adjusts typewriters. It makes minor
repairs on many other types of office equipment. All agencies located in Hart-
ford are furnished with this service. No replacement of equipment is made
unless it is so recommended by this division which consists of a foreman
and five maintenance men.
EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT DIVISION
The Comptroller is Secretary of the State Employees' Retirement Com-
mission and of the Connecticut Municipal Employees' Fund. A separate de-
tailed report will be found under the heading "State Employees Retirement
Commission".
Employees of the Comptroller's office keep all the records of the com-
mission. The plan is a contributory one and deductions are made from em-
ployees earnings. The pension plan in effect prior to 1939 is also administered.
At the present time there are payments made to 95 employees under
the old plan and to 1672 employees under the present plan. In addition,
payments are made to 123 employees of municipalities.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
■aaastaa—
Established — September 15, 1818
Statutory authority — Art. IV, Section 17, Connecti-
cut Constitution; Chapter 7, General Statutes,
1949 Revision
A dm inis tra tive head-
Joseph A. Adorno, Treasurer
S. Roth, Deputy
Deputy administrator — John
Treasurer
Central Office — State Capitol ; Telephone 7-6341 ;
Ext. 2346
Average number of full-time employees — 21
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $87,523.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $82,061.52
Organization structure — Executive Division ; Ac-
counting Unit ; Investment Unit ; School and
Agricultural College Fund Division ; and World
War II Bonus Division
The Treasury Department receives all moneys belonging to the state
and disburses the same as directed by law. It collects and distributes certain
taxes and fees ; and services all state bond issues. The Treasurer is also
custodian of various trust funds and, in addition to receiving and disbursing
cash for these accounts, also services the investments of these funds.
Section 114 of the 1949 revision to the General Statutes, provides for
the Investment Committee, which works with the treasurer on the matter
of investments, and is appointed by the governor with the advice and consent
of the senate. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951, members of the
Committee were: Michael C. Dolak, West Hartford, Chairman, whose
term expires on July 1, 1954; Frank M. Lynch, New Haven, whose term
expires March 1, 1955 ; Lewis B. Phelps, Andover, whose term expires
July 1, 1953. Investment purchases and sales for the fiscal year ended June
30, 1951 amounted to $481,095,135.00.
Total recurring operating expenditures, excluding Veterans' Bonus
Division, for the year ended June 30, 1951, amounted to $82,061.52. Funds
for operating expenditures are appropriated from General Funds of the
State.
21
22 TREASURER
As of June 30, 1951, 22 persons were employed in the Treasurer's
Office ; and 4 persons in the Veterans' Bonus Division.
The Veterans' Bonus Division has processed and paid 208,023 claims
totaling $52,181,910.00 in the period May 26, 1947 to June 30, 1951. Net
cost of processing each claim amounted to seventeen and nine-tenths cents.
The following comparisons indicate the increasing volume of business
handled by the Treasury Department :
Percent
Receipts : 1942 1951 Increase Increase
Civil List $104,361,178.63 $609,774,252.38 $505,413,072.75 484.29
Trust Funds 4,287,421.51 45,499,133.96 41,211,712.45 961.22
Payments :
Civil List 101,552,686.18 602,761,462.14 501,208,775.96 493.54
Trust Funds 4,288,847.46 44,923,164.17 40,634,316.71 947.44
Bonded Debt 30,312,000.00 91,386,000.00 61,173,000.00 202.47
Short-Term Debt 137,400,000.00 137,400,000.00
ATTORNEY GENERAL
Established— 1897
Statutory authority — General Statutes, Revision
1949, Chapter 10, Sections 211 through 219
George C. Conway, Attor-
— William L. Beers, Deputy
Administrative head-
ney General
Deputy administrator
Attorney General
Central office — State Capitol, .3rd Floor ; Telephone
7-6341, Ext. 354
fi|g Average number of full-time employees — 20
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $91,264.25
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $90,196.33
Capital outlay, 658.25
Organisation structure — 1 1 Assistant Attorneys
General and 1 Law Clerk
The enactment of new laws and establishment of new boards and com-
missions, together with change-over of commission heads as of March 1,
1951, greatly taxed the working capacity of this office. This was increasingly
evidenced by the requests of newly-elected executive officers and commis-
sioners for advice with the result that this office, as has been the growing
practice, has been a vital force in the shaping of administrative policy in the
departments of state government.
During the year, 22 formal opinions on disputed or doubtful questions
of law were rendered and because of their general public interest released
to the press. Approximately 159 written advices of more specific nature
covering a wide field were given to the individual departments.
Many other advices were given orally in conferences and in discus-
sions with state officials regarding their obligations in the performance of
public business.
As with those previously rendered, these opinions and advices required
diligent study and research on the part of the staff. I should like to point
out that as has been customary in the past, no opinion leaves the office with-
out the knowledge and examination of the Attorney General who assumes
full responsibility for every such opinion, regardless of whether it is signed
by the Attorney General or jointly with an assistant.
23
24 ATTORNEY GENERAL
Many requests were received from city and town officials upon matters
pertaining to their official duties, as well as from individuals seeking as-
sistance on matters of interest to them. With the exception of some suffrage
and election matters, or matters relating to taxation, it has been generally
explained that the jurisdiction conferred by the statutes upon the Attorney
General did not include advice to local officials or individuals. In the excep-
tion mentioned heretofore, the policy of the office has been to render the
advice requested by the local officials in order that the practice in such
matters may be uniform throughout the State.
This office also assisted in securing legal information regarding the
state's efforts for Attorneys General and other public officials of other states.
Compilation of Connecticut statutory requirements, particularly in respect
to civil defense and subversive activities were made for the mutual benefit
of all states.
Considerable time was consumed by staff members in reviewing de-
partmental regulations for proper legal form as well as approving all con-
tracts, deeds, leases, bonds and other instruments in which the state was a
party. Compromises of disputed claims or cancellation of uncollectible claims
also received the attention of this office.
Administration of the laws imposing forfeiture on corporations for
failure or delay in filing annual reports with the Secretary of the State re-
quired the sending of 1,769 notices, resulting in the remittance of penalty
to the Attorney General of $4,275.00.
Other miscellaneous collections were:
Collected for : Amount
Education Department $ 635.06
Health Department 26.50
Motor Vehicle Department 103,255.70
Park & Forest Commission 742.69
Police Department 8,923.07
Soldiers', Sailors' & Marines' Fund 1,223.26
Treasurer (escheat estates) 38,613.65
Treasurer (other) 57,731.25
Welfare Department 84,548.63
Veterans' Home Commission 1,685.78
So that, the extraordinary total of $301,660.59 was collected and paid
over to the State Treasurer or to the department on whose behalf same were
collected.
During the year the cases involving the collection of the 1% gasoline
tax retained by distributors during the period October 1, 1935 to March 1,
1945 were settled. This settlement was in accordance with offer of adjust-
ment approved by the Governor and the Attorney General. A total of $91,-
255.70 was collected from about 150 taxpayers representing 10% settlement
of the amount of the claims. This represented practically all of the claims
and the cases have been withdrawn, thus terminating this complicated and
troublesome litigation.
The work in connection with the receivership of the Western Connecti-
cut Title and Mortgage Company proceeded satisfactorily. During the year
the Superior Court at Bridgeport ordered the receiver to pay to the State
Treasurer the amount of $57,731.25 for the services of the Attorney Gen-
eral's office and the personnel of the Insurance Department who were en-
ATTORNEY GENERAL 25
gaged in the conduct of this receivership. This sum has been collected and
paid to the State Treasurer.
Other outstanding matters were : the handling of acquisition of rights
of way for the Highway Department to the total sum of $2,700,000. Of this
amount, approximately 10 cases went to trial, 1 case having been tried for a
period of 3 weeks, the others averaging 2-3 days of trial ; the lengthy litiga-
tion involving the corporation tax levied against the Spector Motor Service
Company which came to a conclusion during the year. This case was argued
before the United States Supreme Court on two occasions during the year
and the Court in a 6-3 decision decided that Connecticut's attempt to tax
this corporation violated the Federal Constitution.
Workmen's Compensation cases, as well as compensation for injuries
or disabilities or diseases suffered by state employees, required a great deal
of attention by this office. Under formulated regulations, all injuries or dis-
abilities or diseases suffered, sustained or contracted by a state employee are
required to be reported to this department where the same are examined
and passed upon. This office continues supervision over all compensable
cases until disposed of. During the year there were 3,500 active cases. At-
tendance at 95 hearings before the Workmen's Compensation Commission-
ers were made.
It is my belief that the importance of this phase of work of this office
may best be pointed out by the following comparison : In the year 1946-1947
the state paid the Hartford Accident & Indemnity Insurance Company a
premium of $78,466.21 to cover its liability under the Workmen's Compen-
sation Act for state employees in the Highway Department. Since that time,
the state has been a self-insurer of its liability under the Workmen's Com-
pensation Act for all its employees. In the year 1950-1951 the state paid from
the highway fund for compensation to Highway department employees the
sum of $44,801.86, which represents an annual saving to the state for the
year 1950-1951 of $33,664.35, despite the fact that doctors' fees, hospital
fees and compensation payments to employees have increased as has the
number of State Highway employees since the year 1946 by 412.
This office also makes substantial recovery by intervening in every case
where a state employee is injured as a result of the negligence of third par-
ties. Last year it recovered the sum of $8,047.45 in this manner, besides
taking many stipulations and awards releasing the state from all future
liability.
Many cases in which the state was a party or interested were argued
in court and the following suits were instituted :
Appeals from commissions, boards and departments 58
Adjudication of wills, declaratory judgments 8
Labor relation board 2
Tax 1
Welfare 19
Miscellaneous 22
In an effort to put accounts for care of patients in state humane insti-
tutions on a more current paying basis, this office drafted a bill which sub-
sequently was enacted into law authorizing the Court of Common Pleas to
make support orders in favor of the state against legally liable relatives who
are summoned before it on verified petitions. This procedure eliminates
26 ATTORNEY GENERAL
criminal non-support actions and the former need for recurrent civil actions.
It is expected to provide a ready forum for the establishment of financial
responsibility and the maintenance of regular payments which should result
in considerable savings to the State.
A representative of this office was present at all hearings of the claims
committee during the legislative session of 1951 and legal counsel rendered
when needed as well as appearances on all of the welfare bills. Also during
such time, advice and assistance as requested by members of the General
Assembly as was necessary and proper in the premises were furnished.
The Attorney General personally appeared before the Ways and Means
Committee in Washington, D. C. on behalf of the state to protest the right
of Congress to pass an act imposing federal taxation upon state and munici-
pal instrumentalities.
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
Established— July 1, 1937
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 1 1
-Frank M. Lynch, Comniis-
Administrative h ead-
sioner
Deputy administrator — George J. Conkling,
Deputy Commissioner
Central office — State Capitol, Room 308 ; Telephone,
7-6341, Ext. 483 and 484
Average number of full-time employees — 4
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 — Legisla-
tive appropriation, $29,975.
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 — Recurring
operating expenditures, $28,085.83
Organization structure — Office of the Commissioner,
Budget Division, Personnel Department, Purchas-
ing Division
The powers and duties of the Commissioner of Finance and Control
are set forth in Title 2, Chapter 11 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949.
In addition, there are many other sections of the General Statutes and also
special acts wherein the Commissioner is directed by law to perform certain
functions.
During the fiscal year under review, the department was administered
by James B. Lowell for the period July 1, 1950 to March 1, 1951 ; and on
March 1, 1951, Frank M. Lynch was appointed Commissioner of Finance
and Control.
The department is composed of four divisions :
Office of the Commissioner
Budget Division
Personnel Department
Purchasing Division
By law, the commissioner is directed to supervise the work of the budget
director, personnel director, and the supervisor of purchases.
The commissioner is directed by law to serve on the many bond com-
mittees now in existence and other committees which have statutory authority
to allocate the proceeds of the bond authorizations. He is also clerk of the
27
28
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
Finance Advisory committee which must consent to all appropriation trans-
fers and approve allotments from the resources of the various funds of the
state where permitted by statute.
As a member of the Personnel Board, he exercises direct responsibility
in the filling of positions and execution of the compensation plan. Recent
legislation has directed that he conduct a classification study of all positions
in the classified service.
In accordance with the provisions of sections 248 and 1715 of the Gen-
eral Statutes, revision of 1949, the commissioner must publish in his annual
report all abatements of taxes and all transfers to the suspense tax book. The
list of such abatements and transfers for the period covered by this report
follows.
At the request of the tax commissioner and with the approval of the
attorney general, authorization was granted for the transfer of the follow-
ing taxes to the Suspense Tax Book in accordance with the provisions of
Sec. 1715 of the General Statutes:
Name and Address
July 13, 1950 (Sales and Use Tax)
Joseph T. Bellefleur, 214 South Elm Street, Waterbury
Richard Henry Middleton, 133 Berlin Street, Southington
Church Street Service Garage, Inc., 67 Church Street,
Greenwich
Lester A. Bagley, 121 Rocky Hill Avenue, New Britain
Sam Dipersio, 193 Olive Street, New Haven
Marguerita Westover, 1571^4 Thomaston Avenue,
Waterbury
Joseph Willis, 261 Ashmun Street, New Haven
Nash, Inc., 301 Main Street, West Haven
Alice Hamrah, c/o Town Shoppe, 1013 Main Street,
Houston, Texas
Arnold Levine, 306 East Main Street, Meriden
August 9, 1950 (Sales and Use Tax)
James N. Keeley, 6 Oak Street, Stonington
Packard Utilities Mfg. Co., Ill Edgewood Avenue,
New Haven
James L. McDonald, 281 Ashmun Street, New Haven
Onne Maringola, 1226 East Main Street, New Haven
Carl F. Rimek, 2 Ford Avenue, Norwich
Joseph J. Garcia, 158 Hartford Avenue, New Britain
John Gabriel, 820 N.W. 111th Street, Miami, Florida
Anthony M. Rose, 440 Main Street, Southington
Robert L. Vezina, 60 Camden Street, Bridgeport
January 17, 1951 (Sales and Use Tax)
Sol Grossman, d/b/a City Market, 21 East Main Street,
Meriden
Edgar C. Lundeberg, d/b/a Lundeberg Engineering
Company, 516 Asylum Street, Hartford
Pasquale Giannotti, d/b/a Pat's Luncheonette, 6 Washing-
ton Avenue, New Haven
M. Baer, d/b/a Economy Food Market, 1607 Fletcher
Street, Hollywood, Florida
Nathan Zevin, d/b/a Bernard's Men's Shop, 160 State
Street, Hartford
Angelo Bisconti, d/b/a Angie's Hotel and Grille, 74 Green
Street, New London
DuMont Marine Service, Inc., 513 Main Street (524-526)
New London
Year
Amount
1949
1949
67.13
70.30
1949
1949
1947
12.22
37.19
144.10
1949
1949
1949
5.68
279.29
487.49
1949
1949
21.48
24.80
1948
88.67
1948
1949
Assess.
1948
1949
MVA
1949
1949
10.19
98.84
68.34
254.09
17.08
18.66
2.90
15.13
1949
5.83
1949
25.34
1948-49
9.27
1949
62.13
1949
53.23
1947-48
265.79
1947-48-49 517.53
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
29
Name and Address
Leif H. Nelson, Hadley Court, Noank
Pauline R. Dunn, d/b/a Super Cut Rate Package Store,
50 Main Street, New Britain
February 20, 1951 (Unincorporated Business Taxes)
Peter Albano, 91 Truman Street, New London
Joseph Bartucci, 1115 Main Street, Hartford
Charles E. Call, River Street, Collinsville
Benjamin Capaldo, 673 Bank Street, New London
Leonard Caputo, 270 Grand Avenue, New Haven
James and Alice B. Connors, Talcottville
H. P. Craft, RFD Roosevelt Drive, Seymour
Steve Di Donato, 1333 Main Street, Hartford
Samuel Di Persio, 160 South Colony Street, Meriden
Edmund Dusablon, 85 Seeley Street, Bridgeport
Herbert Fern, 109 State Street, New London
Friend Bros., 319 Atlantic Street, Stamford
Ann Gesseck, 102 Spring Street, Union City
Giantsi, Soter & Urisidha, 25 Dixwell Avenue, New Haven
John A. Gough, 116 Broad Street, Stamford
Theodore D. Hinson, 27 New Britain Avenue, Hartford
John H. Hudson, 2180 Main Street, rear, Hartford
William Jackson, 300 Windsor Street, Hartford
Isadore Joseph, 485 Washington Avenue, New Haven
Florence Theresa Leary, Uncasville
Henry Maaser, 476 West Avenue, Milford
William J. Mayville, Jr., 35 Main Street, Newington
Mrs. Julia W. Mitchell, 64 Jacobs Street, Bristol
Mary Perrott, 20 Orange Avenue, West Haven
Otto H. Pullig, 17 Water Street, Torrington
S. Ravich, 57 Pratt Street, Room 411, Hartford
Roth & Naturman, 179 Roseland Avenue, Waterbury
Charles Schnitman, 184 Canal Street, Stamford
Rudolph A. Sculco, West Broad Street, Pawcatuck
Israel Sharenow, 26 Church Street, Hartford
Israel Sharenow, Windsor Street, Hartford
Albert Shelinsky, 638 Capitol Avenue, Bridgeport
Anthony Signore, 85 Seeley Street, Bridgeport
Nicholas Sullivan, 5 Fuller Street, Waterbury
Patrick F. Sweeney, 25 Chestnut Street, Norwich
David Yavetz, 55 Fuller Street, Waterbury
Nathan B. Zevin, 142 State Street, Hartford
June 25, 1951 (Sales and Use Tax)
Cross Roads Restaurant, Incorporated
Elmer Barrows
Ye Sports Shoppe, Incorporated
Steve Lane
Harding R. Good
The Clifford Distributing Company
Eliot and Watrous Engineering Corporation
Joseph Zambory
Jerry L. Sullivan
Perry and Ann Smith
Chester Bowditch
Edward S. Burton
Walter Cowhig
Gerald McCall
Gerald and Henrietta Mekachonus
Year
Amount
1949
37.52
1949
205.92
1947
6.25
1946
17.50
1947
12.50
1948
36.25
1948
6.25
1949
7.00
1949
42.38
1949
5.00
1947
6.25
1947
6.25
1948
5.00
1948
20.00
1949
5.00
1949
7.50
1949
7.25
1950
5.00
1949
5.00
1948
20.00
1948
7.50
1948
6.25
1949
5.00
1947
67.23
1948
25.00
1948
19.90
1949
6.25
1949
7.50
1949
30.00
1949
6.25
1949
20.00
1948
19.00
1948
18.75
1947
30.80
1947
187.00
1948
50.00
1948
6.25
1947
43.75
1948
12.50
1946
83.60
1947
52.80
1949
6.25
1948
17.68
1950
67.28
1949
12.00
1949
139.90
1949
297.08
1948
5.71
1949
84.29
1947-49
1240.04
1950
5.42
1950
65.53
1949-50
118.84
1947-48
163.18
M.V.
43.08
1950
27.25
M.V.
11.50
1949
21.94
30 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
Name and Address
Year
Amount
Morris Yodowitz
1949
7.19
Charles Vlahos
1948
58.24
Michael Teach
1949
136.83
Fred Daddario
1949
20.68
T. E. Martino and John Humphrey
1947
91.90
Norman 0. Alley
1948
4.51
Harry H. Hankin
1948-49
31.72
Trean Brachas
1949
72.65
Peter's Sandwich Bar, Inc.
1949
3.92
James and Alice Connors
1948-49
384.76
James W. Mapes
1950
17.48
Nicholas F. DePaola
1949
167.84
Walter A. Riley
1949
25.50
Gus Dicos, George Kayais and James Rollis
1947-49
303.57
Joseph Oakes, Jr.
1949
24.45
James C. Ansell
1948-49
944.19
Daniel J. Doyle
1948-50
896.12
Costas Zamzes
1949
29.65
Perry Klayman
1950
35.44
James P. Margeson
M.Y.
13.95
John D. Dunkle
1950
16.66
Adam A. Vitale
1948
13.06
Bonded Auto Sales, Inc.
1949-50
922.33
Fairfield Auto Mart, Inc.
1950
1533.33
Antone T. Rogers
1947-49
2036.66
At the request of the tax commissioner, and upon the advice of the attor-
ney general, authorization was granted for the abatement of the following
Sales and Use taxes in accordance with the provisions of Section 2107 of the
General Statutes :
Name and Address Year Amount
August 9, 1950
Igloo Frozen Food Center, Inc., 17 Church Street, Meriden
Jerred's Restaurant, Inc., 351 State Street, New Haven
The Mechanicalseal Co., 1237 New Britain Avenue, West
Hartford
Newington Market, Inc., 24 Walsh Avenue, Newington
Bridgeport Flying Service, Inc., Bridgeport Municipal
Airport, Stratford
Narragansett of New Haven, Inc., 21 River Street, New
Haven
Garry Appliance, Inc., 100 Ann Street, Hartford
January 26, 1951
Philip Boyce & Company, Inc., Stepney
Benoit Schneider, Inc., 922 Howard Avenue New, Haven
A. J. Cavanaugh, Main Street, Dayville
Phalanx Inn, Inc., 314 Washington Street, Hartford
Haft's, Inc., 302 Atlantic Street, Stamford
The Beardsley-Crest Corporation
Hartford Heat Treating Corporation
Benoit-Schneider
Synthetic-Resins, Inc.
Clifford B. Anderson
The 64 Maple, Inc.
Oliver's Household Service, Incorporated
Thomas J. Martin
Norwich Candy Shop, Incorporated
The Basil Studio, Incorporated
Edward Gamm
Olga's Coffee Bar, Incorporated
1949
450.28
1949
184.52
1947-48
259.79
Asses.
21.53
1948
30.88
1949
156.47
1948
221.91
1948-49
436.01
1949
74.07
1949-50
3.00
1948-49
315.05
1949
57.43
1948
308.19
1949
28.18
1950
13.83
1948
5.12
1949-50
1745.05
1948
82.09
1949
20.69
1949
1.48
1949
20.15
1948-49
53.45
1947
339.92
1947-48
49.17
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
31
Name and Address
Tom's Grille, Incorporated
The Lobster Restaurant, Incorporated
The Sportair Corporation
Robert Larson, d/b/a Saddlemire's Service Station
The East Hartford Lumber Company
Cobb's Mill Inn, Incorporated
Garde Coffee Shoppe, Incorporated
United Mason's Supply Company
Rogers Lobster Pot, Incorporated
Georgetown Woodworking Company
Aero Corporation of Bridgeport
Louis Baer and Company, Incorporated
Joseph Battaglia
On Dec. 7, 1950, upon the recommendation of the tax commissioner,
and with the approval of the attorney general, the following succession taxes
were abated in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 226a of the 1949 Sup-
plement to the General Statutes :
if ear
Amount
1949-50
282.84
1947-50
2506.76
1949
3.72
1950
4.00
1948-49
108.53
1949
1724.59
1949
11.00
1949
2438.89
1949
538.74
1949-50
164.07
1949
13.59
1949-50
68.23
1947-48
93.12
Name of Estate
Raphael Marks
Mary Colton Lee
Otto C. Marx
James Sweeney
Josephine B. Van Burgen
Melissa D. Macomber
Susan Ocko
Michael Donnelly
Henry McCollum
Daniel B. Merritt
Emma Pinney O'Brien
Ellen B. Holcomb
George Tracy
Abraham L. Notkins
Abraham Podoloff
Mary P. Ives
M. Ella Bradley
Antonio G. Giuseppe
William Halligan
Edward J. Miskill
Hawley Williams
Joseph Gardner
Mary Ann Cusask
Stephanie Boulais
Alma Anderson
Jennie B. Burnham
Henry E. Richmond
Tames W. Pritchard
Mary E. Y. Church
Frank Premosa
Frank Kunda
Morris Gordon
George Schleicher
Frances E. Fields
Sarah Ince
Timothy Loughlin
Amelia A. Leonard
Jane Dunn Carey
Elizabeth W. Raymond
Annette I. E. Coe
Frank C. Kelsey
John Albert Johnson
Date of Death Amount of Tax Probate District
August 9, 1913
November 25, 1916
November 4, 1918
luly 3, 1919
February 8, 1921
September 16, 1922
January 7, 1924
"October 3, 1924
January 21, 1927
March .26, 1928
May 22, 1928
December 14, 1928
April 15, 1928
Tuly 10, 1928
January 14, 1929
January 25, 1929
September 24, 1930
lanuarv 3, 1930
Tune 13, 1930
Tanuary 9, 1930
May 22, 1930
Tanuary 14, 1930
August 6, 1930
May 20, 1930
October 16, 1930
December 8, 1930
December 30, 1930
April 2, 1930
Tanuary 3, 1931
tanuary 10, 1931
December 24, 1931
February 9, 1931
February 19, 1931
March 10, 1931
March 13, 1931
December 7, 1931
Tanuary 14, 1932
February 20, 1932
March 10, 1932
December 23, 1933
January 4, 1933
October 9, 1933
62.54
502.19
11.71
415,32
.52
34.22
71.88
177.13
62.84
16.51
425.32
224.17
1,397.57
1,590.43
888.06
144.82
627.44
162.48
703.88
1,458.06
44.79
63.83
16.45
4.10
1.79
24.16
1.04
460.00
19.30
.72
25.95
19.06
473.23
205.81
32.99
1,899.32
243.98
100.15
38.31
127.25
143.71
35.19
Bridgeport
Enfield
New Haven
New London
Milford
Stonington
Bridgeport
New Haven
New Haven
Stamford
Stratford
New Haven
Waterbury
New Haven
New Haven
Danbury
New Haven
New Haven
New Haven
Hartford
Westport
New London
Norwich
Killingly
New London
Avon
Hebron
Bridgeport
New London
Bridgeport
Stamford
New Haven
Stamford
East Hartford
Norwich
Greenwich
M^iddletown
New Haven
Westport
Darien
Greenwich
Bridgeport
32
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
Date of Death
Amount of Tax
Probate District
July 21, 1933
36.95
Derby
March 21, 1933
7.95
Derby
December 7, 1934
168.10
Norwich
June 17, 1934
7.48
Wallingford
July 2, 1934
2.61
Norwalk
December 25, 1935
36.02
Berlin
July 10, 1935
13.68
Ledyard
April 1, 1936
136.03
Norwich
March 20, 1936
18.40
Farmington
Name of Estate
Margaret E. Bristol
Mary A. Fitzgerald
John C. Tracy
James H. Becroft
Polly M. Weed
George E. Steele
Maud M. Harvey
Catherine A. Larkin
Alice M. Donovan
13,385.44
On December 7, 1950, upon the recommendation of the tax commis-
sioner, and with the approval of the attorney general, the following estate
penalty taxes were abated in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 228a
of the 1949 supplement to the General Statutes :
Name of Estate
Gustaf M. Melleky
Raffaele DeMaio
J. McPherson P. Robinson
Robert C. Read
William W. Pinney
Arthur Perreault
Corrine E. Jensen
Benjamin Cherkasky
Henry Kossbiel
Despina Tasse
Francis Prottas
Harry M. Lee
Isaac Freed
Salvatore Gargano
Alfonso P. Puerto
John Andrew Cazzasa
Walter H. Johnson
Mary P. Ives
William Williams
Alessandro Capasso
Sam Schlafer
Thomas Baylis
Abner P. Hayes
Kolman Forman
Frank Webb
Susan S. Bronson
Gladys B. White
Frederick L. Norton
Mark Miller
Angelo Santanellio
Josephine Santanellio
Regina Niederman
Leroy J. Gaines
Lena C. Stanley
Caroline L. Babcock
Wilson L Hoyt
Timothy A. Coe
John Frederick Addis
Norman F. Thompson
Lars Peterson
Frank Melnychuk
Essock I. Beckanstin
Thomas Kelley
Dorothy C. Hickman
Julia Delaney
Date of Death
Amount of Tax
Probate Distrid
June 9, 1916
100.00
Danbury
April 19, 1917
100.00
Hartford
June 23, 1919
561.58
Greenwich
January 11, 1920
980.98
Danbury
January 24, 1922
34.56
Farmington
October 2, 1922
99.25
Bristol
December 14, 1922
54.00
New Haven
September 5, 1923
100.00-
New London
February 1, 1923
161.67
Milford
March 26, 1924
50.00
Stamford
May 3, 1925
1,000.00
New London
June 24, 1926
2,820.50
New London
July 3, 1927
550.00
New London
March 15, 1928
50.00
New Haven
July 18, 1928
75.00
New Haven
July 22, 1928
386.60
Hartford
September 28, 1928
62.50
No. Branford
January 25, 1929
616.50
Danbury
February 8, 1929
30.00
New London
February 13, 1929
147.86
New Haven
June 8, 1929
10.00
Berlin
July 1, 1929
50.00
New Haven
July 25, 1929
15.00
Waterbury
July 30, 1929
27.00
New Haven
August 30, 1929
22.50
Bridgeport
October 11, 1929
130.00
Winchester
October 18, 1929
30.00
Norwalk
May 30, 1930
23.50
Berlin
June 7, 1930
572.31
Greenwich
June 11, 1930
57.00
Enfield
June 17, 1930
2.50
Enfield
July 2, 1930
38.24
Norwich
August 20, 1930
10.00
Kent
November 4, 1930
22.50
Hartford
November 21, 1930
32.50
Hartford
December 25, 1930
2.50
Norwalk
January 31, 1931
24.08
Branford
January 31, 1931
177.50
New Milford
March 2, 1931
220.00
Winchester
April 27, 1931
300.00
Derby
May 4, 1931
15.00
West Haven
May 15, 1931
6.50
Hartford
May 18, 1931
35.50
Waterbury
June 3, 1931
146.50
New London
June 28, 1931
80.00
Waterbury
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
33
Name of Estate
Mary E. Igo
Stancliff Hale
Stancliff Hale
Anna Gernannt
Patrick Dunn
Peter V. Anderson
Julia R. Knapp
Charlotte L. Brainard
Michael J. Kenney
Alice L. Duchette
Valino Pantolona
Mary A. Potter
George A. Wheeler
Rocco DiCardillo
Emma Garrup McLay
Emma Garrup McLay
Carl A. Knoll
Michael Collins
John T. Malley
Katherine M. Glock
Robert G. Russell
William H. Tobey
Frances S. Schreyer
George Jacob Essig
Ellen O'Keefe
Charles W. Rodliff
Frank Duphily
Howard B. George
Francis W. Kaik
Frank Malaterra
George Burns
Antonetta Crispi
Carl W. Greiner
Anna R. Drayton
Bernard Gordon
Herman Shultz
William F. Krueger
Alice Catherine Crawford
James H. Clarkin
William P. Holmes
William R. Snyder
Annie E. Garritson
Mary E. Evans
George C. Matteson
Vincenzo Michele Gagliardi
Bengta Burg
Edith M. Giles
Henry O. Tellier
Michael or Mike Sologub
Andrew Galko
John Gancarz
Annette Irene Coe
Charles F. Tristram
Laura A. Turner
James H. Kenney
Carrie Belle Cornell
Daniel W. O'Connell
Barney Wells
Robert J. Montgomery
Helen McNamee
Date of Death
Amount of Tax
July 16, 1931 70.00
August 26, 1931 1,053.50
August 26, 1931 20.00
(additional assessment)
September 10, 1931 40.00
October 3, 1931 37.50
October 10, 1931 2.00
November 14, 1931 10.93
November 30, 1931 1.95
December 6, 1931 50.35
January 2, 1932 186.25
January 28, 1932 36.00
February 6, 1932 95.00
February 12, 1932 23.00
March 2, 1932 15.00
March 12, 1932 56.00
March 12, 1932 160.00
(additional assessment)
March 31, 1932 777.06
April 28, 1932 350.00
May 8, 1932 15.00
May 8, 1932 42.50
May 12, 1932 25.15
May 30, 1932 10.80
June 12, 1932 280.00
July 19, 1932 21.74
August 1, 1932 600.00
August 11, 1932 8.00
October 29, 1932 3.00
October 30, 1932 19.20
November 18, 1932 34.00
November 19, 1932 20.00
November 23, 1932 86.90
November 29, 1932 780.00
December 26, 1932 5.60
December 28, 1932 20.00
January 9, 1933 15.00
January 13, 1933 16.00
February 6, 1933 4.50
February 9, 1933 171.00
(additional assessment)
March 10, 1933 9.10
March 20, 1933 104.78
April 7, 1933 54.50
April 7, 1933 37.05
April 24, 1933 65.70
May 27, 1933 174.00
June 28, 1933 6.00
July 17, 1933 60.00
July 18, 1933 30.00
October 25, 1933 11.60
November 11, 1933 10.00
November 11, 1933 50.00
November 13, 1933 30.50
December 23, 1933 5.45
January 23, 1934 33.65
January 23, 1934 24.00
March 11, 1934 78.50
March 16, 1934 15.50
March 18, 1934 10.00
April 12, 1934 5.00
August 15, 1934 33.39
September 4, 1934 52.53
Probate District
New Haven
Hartford
Hartford
Winchester
Waterbury
Bridgeport
Danbury
New Haven
Thompson
New London
Derby
New Canaan
Stonington
Winchester
Branford
Branford
W. Hartford
Branford
New Haven
Meriden
Derby
Norwalk
Norwalk
Guilford
New London
Madison
Norwich
Granby
New Haven
Greenwich
Bridgeport
New Haven
Norwich
Darien
Berlin
Milford
New Haven
Milford
Hartford
Norwich
Ledyard
Darien
Manchester
Derby
New Haven
Greenwich
Westport
Norwich
New London
Wallingford
Berlin
Darien
Norwalk
Norwalk
New Haven
Hartford
Berlin
New Haven
Norwalk
Farmington
34
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
Names of Estate
Walter D. Austin
Erza L. Barnes
Samuel L. Nash
Charles Scaglia
Anna H. Draves Ross
David J. Martin
Constantino Promutico
Absalom C. Bellefleur
Jennie White
Josephine Legros
Maxime L. Ducharme
Guiseppe Palmieri
Clement S. Hubbard
Elsie H. Wolff
Celeste L. Brundage
Louise M. Lawry
John Mychkowski
Bertha B. Utley
Augustus K. Viele
Charles Smith
Harriet Francies Peck
Julia B. Merrill
Katherine A. Kolvek
Henry M. Dibble
Emma J. Knapp
Louis Tankus
Clifford L. Rathbun
Annie McGurk
Thomas J. Whalen
George E. Blake
Henry G. Juengst
Louis Gund
Mederisa Miur
Winit R. Sage
Date of Death
September 17, 1934
October 5, 1934
October 23, 1934
November 9, 1934
December 29, 1934
January 4, 1935
January 28, 1935
April 4, 1935
April 10, 1935
April 12, 1935
April 18, 1935
June 6, 1935
(additional as
June 28, 1935
July 7, 1935
August 15, 1935
September 22, 1935
August 11, 1935
November 7, 1935
November 28, 1935
December 3, 1935
December 4, 1935
December 28, 1935
January 8, 1936
January 13, 1936
Tanuary 14, 1936
February 22, 1936
February 24, 1936
March 9, 1936
August 11, 1936
August 12, 1936
August 22, 1936
September 3, 1936
October 28, 1936
November 20, 1936
Amount of Tax
Probate District
12.80
Waterbury
41.00
Norwich
129.50
Norwalk
5.00
Saybrook
26.00
Westport
25.00
Hartford
45.00
Watertown
184.00
New London
17.20
New Haven
550.00
Norwich
123.24
Hartford
40.00
Hamden
sessment)
36.00
Haddam
350.00
Groton
3.00
Norwalk
157.50
New London
5.00
Derby
1.00
Groton
7.50
Darien
102.50
Derby
100.00
Southington
5.00
Bethel
180.00
Norwich
6.00
Westbrook
320.00
Stamford
12.15
Westport
345.00
Groton
24.00
Bridgeport
2.38
Salisbury
280.00
New London
2.30
Berlin .
125.00
Ridge field
6.00
Putnam
3.26
Middletown
19,368.19
At the request of the tax commissioner, and upon the advice of the
attorney general, authorization was granted for the abatement of the follow-
ing taxes in accordance with the provisions of Section 248 of the General
Statutes :
Name and Address
January 26, 1951 (Corporation Taxes)
Aero-Marine Service, Incorporated
Aero-Nautical Development Corporation
Almack Company, Incorporated
American Frozen Food Lockers, Incorporated
American Underwriters, Incorporated
Andover Yarn Dyeing Corporation
Anim-Ad Displays, Incorporated
Associated Enterprises, Incorporated
Atlas Electric Company, Incorporated
Automatic Heating and Home Improvement
Bell-Tone Productions, Incorporated
Bochan Bros. Co., Incorporated
^ear
Amount
1948
15.18
1948
22.06
1948
20.99
1945
1.56
1946
4.48
1947
6.21
1948
20.63
1948
218.85
1949
20.99
1948
40.21
1947
21.08
1948
16.08
1944
15.90
1948
58.84
1949
15.27
1948
4.95
1947
3.30
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL 35
Name and Address Year Amount
Bristol Flying Field, Incorporated
Bryant and Libby, Incorporated
Cement Products Company, Incorporated
Chemurgy Design Corporation
Chester Homes Company, Incorporated
Clements Corporation
Colonial Acceptance Corporation
Colonial Enterprises, Incorporated
Connecticut Drop Forge and Tool Company
Connecticut Inns, Incorporated
Contract Manufacturing Company, Incorporated
County Plumbing and Heating Corporation
Dawn Instruments, Incorporated
Delaney and Company, Incorporated
Diesel Company
Direction, Incorporated
Eastern Concrete Pipe Corporation
Eaton and Sons, Incorporation, U. L.
Eden Rock, Incorporated
Eliott Manufacturing Company
Essex Sales Corporation
Fairfield County Realty Association, Incorporated
Foster Men's Shop, Inc., Jay
Gabelmann's Overnight Express, Incorporated
Galvco Tire Products Company
Gaspray Corporation
G. & B. Rewinding, Incorporated
General Aircraft Equipment, Incorporated
General Motor Mart, Incorporated
Goltra-Flaxman, Incorporated
Green Meadows, Incorporated
Hamilton Main Mfg. Company
Hartford Brick Corporation
Hayes, Incorporated, Stephen R.
Heany Laboratories, Incorporated
House of Tile, Incorporated
Industrial Associates, Incorporated
International Record Pressing Corporation
Judith, Incorporated
Keyser Laboratories, Incorporated
Kloss, Incorporated
Lion Machine and Tool Company, Incorporated
Luryea Motors, Incorporated
1948
15.00
1948
15.27
1948
20.54
1948
15.36
1945
46.02
1948
2,066.00
1947
375.42
1944
94.12
1948
67.76
1948
20.36
1948
20.36
1948
30.00
1948
15,18
1948
5.09
1944
198.95
1947
20.99
1948
15.00
1949
20.81
1947
21.44
1942
587.63
1946
16.95
1935
342.37
1936
291.37
1937
296.61
1938
301.86
1939
296.62
1940
298.37
1941
10.00
1942
10.00
1949
5.09
1943
72.01
1947
15.54
1948
15.00
1949
15.00
1949
10.65
1944
14.672.67
1947
124.54
1948
20.99
1947
1.133.72
1947
15.78
1946
16.50
1945
17.22
1944
17.94
1943
18.66
1942
19.38
1948
20.09
1943
17.58
1944
11.86
1945
16.14
1950
15.00
1947
20.90
1946
15.30
1948
12.94
1947
13.30
1949
12.09
1949
20.27
1948
21.35
1947
34.92
1948
21.08
1948
15,45
1948
20.18
1948
28.58
1948
20.27
36 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
Name and Address
Lyman-Griffin Airways, Incorporated
Manikin Artcraft, Incorporated
Marbo Products, Incorporated
Martom, Incorporated
Mechanical Specialties, Incorporated
Midtown Hall Company
Milford Refrigeration and Radio, Incorporated
Mill End Shop, Incorporated
Modern Life Homes Corporation
Modern Masonry Products, Incorporated
Naugatuck Valley Broadcasting Corporation
Newsreel Theatres, Incorporated of Connecticut
Old Colony Builders, Incorporated
Orrin Realty Corporation
Packard Dredging Company, S. J.
Paramount Motor Sales Corporation
Penfield Company, The J. F.
Pope and Eaton, Incorporated
Radio Corporation of Connecticut, Incorporated
Regal Tool Company
Richard Clothes, Incorporated
Round Hill Dairy, Incorporated
Scal-o-ette Lingerie Company
Self Winding Clock Company, Incorporated
Seven Seas, Incorporated
Sippican House, Incorporated
Six Little Tailors of Connecticut, Incorporated
Sixty Sales Corporation
S-M-T Corporation
Stamford Die Company, Incorporated
Tagren Corporation
Technical Development Corporation
Tip Top Delicatessen, Incorporated
Tourtellotte Plumbing & Electric Service, Inc.
United States Aeronautical Corporation
Villanova-Empire Restaurants, Inc.
Waltan Company, Incorporated
Willgan, Incorporated
Kane Products, Incorporated
February 27, 1951 (Unincorporated Business Taxes
Ralph Ruby, 320 Ashmun Street, New Haven
Dorothy Sullivan, 23 Edwards Street, New Haven
if ear
Amount
1948
21.08
1947
15.00
1948
15.00
1947
34.74
1948
2.55
1948
21.71
1949
20.63
1948
21.08
1947
20.81
1945
15.00
1948
15.81
1947
10.72
1948
33.16
1948
20.90
1946
1,222.53
1946
10.00
1947
138.85
1943
83.97
1944
63.99
1948
16.62
1949
15.18
1949
21.99
1947
16.50
1948
21.17
1947
15.00
1948
15.00
1948
20.90
1948
20.90
1949
15.00
1949
15.00
1945
220.60
1944
130.69
1943
5,230.18
1947
10.00
1948
21.17
1947
16.25
1949
3.91
1949
13.04
1948
33.86
1948
22.07
1946
17.82
1947
5.71
1946
23.24
1947
22.16
1948
21.08
1948
20.27
1947
21.44
1948
20.36
1945
17.76
1948
9.61
1949
15.00
1948
21.26
1947
15.81
1945
2,632.08
1946
8.67
1947
8.67
33,133.52
1948
15.00
1948
12.50
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
Name and Address
June 29, 1951 (Corporation Taxes)
Albert, Incorporated
Louis Baer Company, Incorporated
Bond Furniture Company
Bonnia Brae Briars, Incorporated
Brothers Manufacturing Company
Cimino Building Company, Incorporated
Consolidated Roofers, Incorporated
Delaney-Wall Holding Corporation
Den Realty Company
Fort Hale Transportation Company, Incorporated
Garde Coffee Shoppe, Incorporated
Guild Records, Incorporated
Hansen & Wright Builders, Incorporated
Industrial Press, Incorporated
Jewel Box of Bridgeport, Incorporated
Kander Textile Corporation
Lincoln Park Homes, Incorporated
Lobster Restaurant, Incorporated
Luryea Motors, Incorporated
Madison Products, Incorporated
Manchester Woolen Mills, Incorporated
Mayfair Importing Company, Incorporated
New Campbell Realty Corporation
New England Plastic Fabrics, Incorporated
Noank Shipbuilding Company, Incorporated
Packaging Corporation
Perrone Construction Company, Incorporated
Phillips Company, Incorporated
Putnam Woodworking Company
R. C. C. Radio & Appliance Company, Incorporated
Riker, Incorporated, E. Williman
Rose, Incorporated, Sid
Rusco Awning Distributors, Incorporated
Sampiere, Brothers, Incorporated
Slingsby, Incorporated, Thomas W.
Stamford General Tool Corporation
Synthetic Resins, Incorporated
Travea Company, Incorporated
Yardstick, Incorporated
Bodwell Realty Company
Bornstein & Sons, Inc., M.
Perkins, Incorporated
IOL
37
Year
Amount
1946
31.60
1949
16.95
1947
20.27
1948
15.81
1948
20.36
1948
15.00
1949
15.00
1950
15.00
1949
12.22
1950
12.23
1936
16.68
1937
15.24
1948
21.44
1949
20.36
1950
15.00
1948
21.62
1949
6.54
1948
21.53
1949
21.17
1950
35.09
1948
53.75
1950
5.18
1947
20.81
1947
1,222.29
1950
14.05
1947
10.42
1947
20.27
1948
15.99
1949
20 09
1948
21.17
1947
22.25
1939
25.24
1949
15.00
1950
15.00
1943
13.90
1944
13.18
1947
10.00
1938
23.07
1948
21.08
1947
27.85
1949
20.81
1950
5.27
1949
2036
1946
5.28
1947
5,75
1947
6.18
1948
17.16
1947
21.62
1948
16.08
1948
21.56
1950'
5.09
1938
15.84
1939
15.18
1947
3.27
1949
5.54
1935
168.76
1936
159.21
1938
207.94
1936
160.43
$2,841.03
38 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
PURCHASING DIVISION
Established — 1937
Statutory authority — General Statutes 1949 Revision, Section 249
Through Section 256
Administrative head — C. L. Magnuson, Supervisor of Purchases
Deputy Administrator — W. H. Finnegan, Assistant Supervisor of
Purchases
Central Office—State Capital, Hartford : 7-6341 Ext. 746
Average number of full-time employees — 47
Organization structure — Standards Section, Administration Section,
Procurement Section, Inspection Section, Stores Section, Service
Section.
INTRODUCTION
New activities assumed by the division during the past year include
the responsibility for the printing of public documents, operation of a central
mail service for agencies located in Hartford and operation of a central sta-
tionery stock room. All of these operations were formerly vested in the Comp-
troller's office and were taken over by the division as of August 1, 1950.
Plans are underway for the establishment of two new sections in the
division — those of standards and inspection. These new additions will pro-
vide the division with much needed and long overdue facilities.
The start of hostilities in Korea had its effect in an immediate spiraling
of prices coupled with increasing shortages due to scare-buying and diversion
of materials to the defense effort. There followed the inevitable chaotic con-
ditions which brought on price controls and priorities, thus further dislocat-
ing normal operations. During the latter part of the period, a softening of
prices in many lines of commodities together with increased supply became
noticeable.
REVOLVING FUND
The supervisor of purchases' revolving fund has continued to serve an
increasingly important part in the division's operation.
In addition to it's use, as before, in the purchase of merchandise for
storage and distribution at the State Prison and financing the operation of
the car pool, use of the fund has been extended to operate the surplus food
program, the central mail service, and the central stationery stock room.
For all operations, the expenditures of the revolving fund totalled
$449,987.35. Sales totalled $292,537.18, and inventory on hand as of
6/30/51 totalled $157,450.17.
STATE PRISON WAREHOUSE
Purchases thru the revolving fund for the warehouse operated at the
State prison totalled $226,488.90. Sales totalled $171,991.30. Inventory at
the beginning of the period totalled $22,035.71 and at the end of the period
$66,990.38.
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL 39
CAR POOL
Since June 30, 1950, the number of passenger vehicles operated by the
pool has increased from 35 to 40 as of June 30, 1951. These cars travelled a
total of 555,678 miles during the past fiscal year for which the state agencies
were charged $.05 per mile effective October 1, 1950, which was an increase
of $.005 per mile over the old rate. The car pool was established to reduce
the number of miles travelled in private cars on state business. Effective
September 1, 1950, the rate paid state employees for travel in personally
owned cars was increased from $.05 to $.07 per mile. Thus the car pool
operation from September 1, 1950 thru June 30, 1951 resulted in a saving
to the state of $9,400.00.
STATIONERY STOCK ROOM
On August 1, 1950, the division took over operation of the stationery
stock room in the State Office building previously operated by the Comp-
troller.
Purchases for the stock room totalled $44,464.84 and sales totalled
$33,943.91. Inventory on hand on June 30, 1951 was $10,520.93.
SURPLUS FOOD PROGRAM
We are pleased to report on the operation of the state's participation in
the program of surplus foods donated by the United States Department of
Agriculture.
During the period of from July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951, a total of
4,080,082 pounds of commodities having a value of $382,158 were received
for distribution to all eligible recipients, as compared with 3,233,467 pounds
valued at $235,108 for the preceding year. Of the total commodities received
during 1950-1951, 1,873,203 pounds valued at $152,504 were distributed to
state institutions as compared with an estimated total of 1,608,212 pounds
valued at $40,556 during the previous year, indicating an increase of distri-
bution of surplus foods to state institutions in the value of approximately
$10,000 per month.
CENTRAL MAIL SERVICE
On August 1, 1950, the division took over operation of a central mail
service for state agencies located in Hartford, as provided in Section 2 of
Public Act No. 1, March 1950 Special Session. The mail service previously
furnished by the comptroller for many of the smaller agencies was taken
over to form the nucleus of the expanded service. In addition, mail employees
of some of the larger agencies were transferred to the central mail service.
The establishment of a central mail service has resulted in eliminating
the need for thirteen postage meter machines and the rental of a large number
of boxes at the post office. The amount of postage used during the period of
from August 1, 1950 thru June 30, 1951 totalled $107,021.04. An average
of 6500 pieces of incoming and 18,500 pieces of outgoing mail is handled
daily.
40
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
UNADVERTISED PURCHASES
Section 8, Public Act No. 1, March 1950 Special Session contains the
provision that the supervisor of purchases may, with the approval of the
standardization committee, waive the requirement that purchases be based
on competitive bids to meet requirements arising from emergency conditions
which could not reasonably be foreseen or guarded against or because of
unusual trade or market conditions.
In accordance with the above provisions, the standardization committee
approved sixty-one transactions providing for purchases to be made without
the formality of advertised bids. However, wherever possible and practi-
cable, such purchases were authorized on the basis of informal quotations.
PRINTING AND CIRCULATING PUBLIC DOCUMENTS
Under the terms of Section 5 of Public Act No. 1, March, 1950 Special
Session, the responsibility became vested in the supervisor of purchases for
the procurement of state printing, including the printing of public docu-
ments, which previously had been procured by the comptroller under Sec-
tion 200 of the General Statutes, revision of 1949. The transfer of such
authority was made on August 1, 1950, since which date, we report the
procurement of the printing of the following documents :
Date of No. Copies
Purchase Title of Report Printed
9/11/50 Laws and administrative regulations relating to old
age assistance, aid to the blind and aid to de-
pendent children
9/22/50 Digest of administrative reports to the Governor
9/26/50 Laws relating to education
10/ 3/50 Annual report of the Bank Commissioner for 1950
10/17/50 39th annual report of the Public Utilities Commis-
sion, 1950
10/24/50 Statutes pertaining to the assessment and collection
of property taxes and to municipal finance and
auditing
11/28/50 Quadrennial report of indebtedness, receipts and
expenditures of municipalities 1948
12/ 5/50 Report of the Retirement Commission
12/ 5/50 Report of the Treasurer for 1950
12/12/50 Statement of vote of the 1950 General Election
12/19/50 Report of the comptroller, 1950
1/ 9/51 Connecticut insurance report
1/ 9/51 12th Report of the Judicial Council of Connecticut
1/ 9/51 Civil Defense act
1/ 9/51 Acts of the Special Sessions, 1949 General Assembly
1/ 9/51 Annual registration report of the Department of
Health
1/24/51 Budget report of the Governor to General Assembly
2/27/51 Biennial report of the Public Welfare Council
3/20/51 Reprints from the.Digest of Administrative Reports
to the Governor
3/20/51 Reprints of the State Flag, Capitol, Flower, Bird,
Arms, Seal, Charter Oak Tree and Map
4/ 4/51 Reprints of Report of State Board of Fisheries
and Game
5/ 7/51 Public Acts of January Session, 1951
5/15/51 Information relative to the assessment and collec-
tion of taxes, 1949
2,000
5,000
4,000
1,036
2,000
Cost
$168.75
9,247.92
2,052.93
2,131.04
3,099.45
4,125.22
1,500
1,856.25
1,500
127.75
1,000
1,018.80
1,575
916.24
1,445
4,184,04
25
877.00
800
181.00
3,000
213.15
5,000
1,339.01
1,150
2,000.00
8,775
24,623.15
2,200
779.60
22,835
1,914.95
2,000
250.50
550
91.00
3,000
3,500.00
2,100 1,500.00
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
41
Date of
Purchase
6/ 5/51
6/12/51
6/26/51
Title of Report
Reprints of State Flag, Capitol, Flower, Bird, Arms,
Seal, Charter Oak Tree and Map
List of legal investments for Connecticut savings
banks and the savings departments of state bank
and trust companies
Volumes Bound of Public Documents for 1941
Governor's Proclamations
Salaries •
Miscellaneous Expenses
No. Copies
Printed
5,000
900
500
Cost
378.25
353.50
1,698.00
Net Expenditures
$68,627.50
1,598.75
4,158.00
909.51
$75,293.76
SEALED BID PURCHASES
During the period covered by this report, a total of 2,203 bids were
prepared for sealed bid opening, against which a total of 37,004 invitations
were issued, or an average of 16.8 per bid. Of the total number of bids
prepared, 1,164 were publicly advertised in accordance with statutory re-
quirements on purchases estimated to exceed one thousand dollars.
Awards have been made on 2,064 bids based on the receipt of 11,658
proposals or an average of 5.65 proposals per bid. The total volume of
purchases contracted for thru sealed bid procedures was $14,705,362.31.
SALES
A total of 72 bids were prepared for the sale of surplus, obsolete and
scrap materials, against which 3,532 invitations were issued, or an average
of 49.06 per bid.
Awards were made on 60 bids based on the receipt of 470 proposals
or an average of 7.83 proposals per bid. The total amount of sales by
sealed bid was $131,185.98.
42 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
Established — 1937.
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revision, Sections 312,
316, 317, 318 (Chapter 14).
Administrative head — Glendon A. Scoboria, Personnel Director.
Offices—State Capitol, Room 304; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 2474.
Average number of full-time employees — 52.
Funds for operation fiscal year, 1950-1951 — Appropriation, $184,260.
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951— $177,485.54.
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, the Personnel Depart-
ment, through its three divisions — the director's office, the administrative
division and the service division — carried out the essential activity of ad-
ministering the state Merit Act.
During the year the total number of state employees rose from 18,668
to 18,952 and the total state expenditures for personal services from $48,-
712,864.00 to $51,738,032.00. The total cost of operation of the Personnel
Department was $177,485.54.
In the field of employee relations it appears that during the year such
grievances as arose were satisfactorily settled on an informal basis between
employees and department heads. No formal written request for adjust-
ment was received in accordance with the four-step procedure for adjust-
ment of grievances established in December of 1949.
Continuing efforts were directed at the problem of reducing the hours
of employment in excess of forty wherever possible without impairing
essential services. Trial periods for certain groups of classes at various
state agencies were established and, when proven satisfactory, made per-
manent.
When necessary to meet shortages of personnel in certain profes-
sions, special recruitment procedures have been instituted. The shortage of
physicians at state hospitals, for instance, has been met to a degree by the
appointment on a trial basis as interns or residents those displaced persons
whom the Connecticut Medical Examining Board has indicated are eligible
to take licensing examinations in Connecticut.
Consistent with a policy of maximum utilization of existing man-
power, the director has outlined a program and strongly requested the
cooperation of department heads in maintaining an efficient and thorough
check on hours of attendance for duty by state employees in order to ob-
viate the ill effects of tardiness and absenteeism.
In accordance with legislation enacted by the General Assembly in
1951, the salaries of 79 agency heads and deputies were adjusted. It is
hoped that these adjustments will allow for more equitable adjustments in
lower classes following the completion of the classification study.
The in-service training program for state employees was expanded
by the" addition of a trained attendant course at the Veterans' Home and
Hospital in Rocky Hill. Here employees of the various state hospitals will
complete a 23 weeks period of orientation to the complex daily activities
of a large state institution. In addition, arrangements were completed with
the University of Connecticut and the Veterans' Administration for the
establishment of an accredited graduate course of studies for state em-
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL 43
ployees leading to the Master's degree in Public Administration or Gov-
ernment. Approximately 436 state employees participated in more than a
dozen different programs, such as business english, food preparation, fire
fighting, job instruction and leadership techniques. These courses totaled
796 hours of instruction and resulted in the award of 399 certificates of
proficiency. The value of such programs for the efficient conduct of the
state business cannot be overestimated.
During the recent session of the General Assembly, the department
completed a number of surveys and studies bearing on inquiries made by
members of the legislature or raised by request of legislative committees.
During the year a total of 7,528 appointments to positions in the state
service were processed together with a total of 7,613 separations. At the
close of the fiscal year the total number of employees, including unclassi-
fied, provisional, temporary and noncompetitive, was 18,952, an increase
of only 284 over the 18,668 employees reported at the close of the fiscal
year 1950. During the year this division also processed a total of 9,739
annual increases and put into effect a $240 or $120 legislative adjustment
for State employees.
During the year a total of 10,629 applications were received, an in-
crease of 738 over those received for the year ending June 30, 1950. A
total of 295 examinations were given of which 142 were open competitive
and 153 promotional. Of the total of 10,629 applicants who filed, 7,227
were examined and 3,617 had their names placed on lists of those eligible
for employment. In addition to these examinations, this division has con-
tinued its practice of continuous recruitment for typists and stenogra-
phers. Through the cooperation of the Connecticut State Employment Ser-
vice, 2,809 took the examinations of which 976 passed. This division also
conducted examinations of candidates for positions in the police depart-
ments of the towns of Fairfield, Greenwich, Milford and Stratford.
Pertinent to the function of maintaining a classification and compen-
sation plan, this division has undertaken many field audits of state posi-
tions and much research into the classification and compensation programs
not only of the state but also of other states and private businesses. A
total of 34 field audits were made, an increase of 8 over the previous year.
The total number of classes increased from 812 to 835. This included 47
new classes and 30 cancellations of existing classes. Changes in the specifi-
cations for 99 classes were effected together with modifications of the
salary ranges for 82 classes. This is definite evidence of the constant
evaluation and study being made of the classification and compensation
structure of the positions to which state employees are assigned.
In order that the members of the technical staff of this division might
be advised of current practices in statistical methods of analysis and re-
port, a series of weekly seminars was held during the winter of 1950-1951
under the direction of Dr. J. R. Gerberich, Director, Bureau of Educa-
tional Research and Service at the University of Connecticut.
44 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
BUDGET DIVISION
As explained in our report of last year, we recommended an increase
in the number of employees authorized for the budget division. Our pro-
posal was accepted by the Governor who provided, in his program as sub-
mitted to the General Assembly, for the adoption of a large part of our
plan for expansion. The General Assembly also accepted a part of our
recommendations and provided for a research technician and an organi-
zational and management specialist for the next biennium. Although this
does not allow for the complete organization requested, it goes a long way
toward realization of our ultimate objective.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Chapter II of the General Statutes fully and completely explains the
duties and responsibilities of the budget division. They begin with the
preparation of a tentative budget for the Governor-elect. Under his direc-
tion, final recommendations are prepared for submission to the General
Assembly. It is customary for the staff of the budget division to work
closely with the appropriations committee of the General Assembly in its
consideration of proposed appropriations.
After appropriation acts are passed and signed by the Governor, the
budget division acts as the agent of the Governor in administering the
adopted program. Allotment requests from state agencies are reviewed
and recommendations are made to the Governor.
Certain transactions require action by the Finance Advisory Com-
mittee in addition to the Governor. In order that full information may be
available to the committee, the director of the budget has, since the com-
mittee's formation, acted as the assistant clerk of that group, attending all
meetings to explain in detail transactions presented for consideration.
Studies to promote the efficient operation of state agencies are under-
taken whenever the need for such studies is indicated. If recommendations
as to changes in organizations or procedures are approved, assistance is
rendered in carrying out these recommendations.
EXPENDITURES
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951, expenditures for the op-
erations of the Budget Division were as follows :
Personal Services $57,404.63
Contractual Services 1,511.17
Supplies and Materials 423.83
$59,339.63
ADMINISTRATION OF THE FINANCIAL PLAN
FOR THE PERIOD
As explained in our annual report last year actual revenues during
the first fiscal year of the biennium failed to meet estimates. During the
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL 45
second year of the biennium actual revenues far exceeded estimates par-
ticularly from the two most important sources of revenue available to the
General Fund. The revenue from the tax on corporations during the
second year of the biennium exceeded by more than 50% the amount
received during the first year of the biennium, while the sale tax showed
an increase of more than 25% from the previous year.
Since we had been too optimistic during the previous year when we
encountered falling revenues, we were cautious about being over-optimistic
during the current year with rising revenues. No evidence of the sharp in-
crease in revenue from the corporation tax was apparent until early in
April of 1951. Under the circumstances, several revisions of estimates of
revenue were prepared by the budget division for entry by the comptroller
on his records.
The cost of welfare cases continued to mount during most of the year
so that the additions to appropriations for welfare grants exceeded expecta-
tions. This continued to be a serious problem from the standpoint of the
budget division and the need for substantial and frequent additions to
these appropriations brought out sharply the danger of frequent inadequate
appropriations where members of the appropriations committee know that
additions can be made without action by the General Assembly.
In general, a strict policy in regard to retaining restrictions on ap-
propriations was maintained throughout the year and this policy was an
important factor in the unexpectedly good financial condition of the General
Fund at the close of the biennium.
By action of the General Assembly, on the recommendation of Gov-
ernor Lodge, appropriations amounting to approximately $2,200,000 were
repealed. These appropriations had been carried on the books for several
years and in most cases there was little probability of need for the ap-
propriations during the succeeding biennium. Governor Lodge had not
recommended the action taken by the General Assembly on appropriations
amounting to approximately $500,000 for equipping vocational schools in
Waterbury and New Haven. These appropriations were repealed and
bond issues were authorized to replace the appropriations. This action of
substituting a bond issue for an old appropriation for such a purpose was
in my opinion economically unwise in view of our present clanger from
inflation.
The combination of these wise and unwise actions of the General
Assembly, these fortunate factors in regard to revenue increases and the
unfortunate factors in regard to increasing welfare costs all combined to
produce what might very well be considered the ideal result in the opera-
tions of the state's General Fund for the biennium. Since the state comp-
troller is reporting completely on this result, we will not go into any
further detail here.
Although the report of the Comptroller, on an accrual basis, showed
such a favorable result at the close of the biennium, it was necessary for
the Treasurer, operating on a cash basis, to borrow a substantial sum at the
close of the biennium in order to finance expenditures under the General
Fund. This is a condition which would not be acceptable in private busi-
ness. With a budget in almost perfect balance the State of Connecticut
finds it necessary to borrow millions at all times except for a few months,
46 DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND CONTROL
during each fiscal year. In order that we may reduce and eventually elim-
inate interest charges on such borrowings in anticipation of taxes, we
recommend the adoption of the policy of planning our budget so as to have
an unappropriated surplus of not less than ten million dollars rather than
zero or a minus figure as has been the practice in the last two sessions of
the General Assembly.
PREPARATION AND ADOPTION OF THE FINANCIAL PLAN
FOR THE SUCCEEDING BIENNIUM
Conforming to the requirements of the General Statutes a tentative
budget was prepared and submitted to the Governor-elect on November 15,
1950. Thereafter we concentrated all of our efforts toward the preparation
of the budget document to be submitted to the General Assembly on the
first session day of February, 1951. At the direction of the Governor-
elect we met with former members of appropriations committees re-elected
to the 1951 General Assembly to seek their advice as to the types of
schedules most acceptable to the appropriations committee. Following this
meeting a form of presentation was adopted to retain all of the good
features of the 1949 budget document and in addition provide the working
data most useful to the appropriations committee.
Following the presentation of the budget document to the General
Assembly we offered the services, facilities and records of the Budget
Division to the Appropriations Committee as had been the practice for
several years. It is unfortunate that the 1951 appropriations committee
used these services less effectively and completely than any previous com-
mittee since the time when the budget division was organized. The results
of the labors of the appropriations committee reflect this comparative
indifference to the assistance which might be rendered by the budget
division.
CONCLUSION
Some of the problems which can be foreseen for the coming biennium
appear to be a repetition of those which confronted us during the last
biennium. Again we start out with a budget well out of balance if we use
official revenue estimates. However, this time we have few appropriations
for capital projects which can be restricted and remain to lapse, we have no
old appropriations which can be repealed by the 1953 session of the Gen-
eral Assembly and we have no substantial non-essential appropriations for
general operating expenses. Under these circumstances the opportunities
for action to produce an actual balanced budget are very much limited.
Fortunately, we in the Budget Division are incurable optimists and we
still expect that ways and means of arriving reasonably close to a balanced
budget in the General Fund for this new biennium will be found. We look
forward to the problems of the future with confidence.
FINANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Established— July 1, 1943
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 38 and 39
Administrative head — Hon. John Lodge, Governor
and Chairman
Clerk of Committee — Frank M. Lynch, Commis-
sioner of Finance
Number of full-time employees — None
ANNUAL REPORT
FINANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1951
Pursuant to Sections 38 and 239 of the General Statutes, Revision of
1949, the Finance Advisory Committee shall approve all transfers from
the General Fund to any budgeted agency in excess of the regular appro-
priations and shall consent to the transfer of all appropriations, exceeding
$1,000 in any fiscal year, within a specific agency.
The present membership of the Finance Advisory Committee, a com-
mittee composed of four elective State officials and five legislative members,
is as follows : Governor John D. Lodge, Chairman ; Lieutenant Governor
Edward N. Allen, Vice Chairman ; State Comptroller Fred R. Zeller ;
State Treasurer Joseph A. Adorno; Senators William G. Raynsford and
Milton J. Herman; Representatives Beula P. Granger, Rubin Cohen and
Arthur E. B. Tanner. Finance Commissioner Frank M. Lynch serves as
Clerk of the Committee and Budget Director Robert H. Weir as Assistant
Clerk.
47
48 FINANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
The Committee meets regularly on the first Wednesday of each month
and at such other times as the Governor may designate.
Following is a record of the actions taken by this Committee during
the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951 :
GENERAL FUND
Trans.
No. Transfers :
1702 Park and Forest Commission — Repairs at Day Pond State Park $ 4,000.00
1713 University of Conn.— Addition to Heating Plant 74,000.00
1717 Finance and Control — Purchasing Division — Statutory services transfer 92,585.46
1721 Mosquito Control — Equipment other than motor vehicles 600.00
1730 Comptroller — Loss of taxes on state property 6,613.74
1733 Long Lane School — personal services 14,630.00
1735 Liquor Control Commission — personal services 2,000.00
1736 Department of Public Welfare — personal services 27,000.00
1740 Board of Education— State Aid for Education 138,500.00
1741 Finance and Control — purchasing division — statutory services transfer 671.58
1742 University of Connecticut — captial projects 8,650.00
1749 Finance and Control — purchasing divison — statutory service transfer 1,653.00
1752 Park and Forest Commission — purchase of land 50.00
1771 Military Department — equipment for National Guard 70,000.00
1774 Health Department — operating expenses 19,770.00
1775 Finance and Control — purchasing divison — statutory service transfer 192.00
1776 Mosquito Control — office equipment 500.00
1778 Motor Vehicle Dept. — motor vehicle equipment 2,200.00
1780 Health Department — operating expenses for mosquito control 700.00
1783 Military Dept.— expenses of National Guard 200,000.00
1787 Judicial Department — operating expenses 3,931.00
1789 University of Conn. — architectural fees on capital projects 650.00
1797 Southbury Training School — contractual services 10,000.00
1798 Health Department — equipment for mosquito control 2,300.00
1799 Comptroller — compensation awards to state employees 20,000.00
1800 Finance and Control — purchasing divison — statutory service transfer 2,020.00
1802 Southbury Training School — operating expenses — payroll 11,700.00
1803 Military Department — expenses of National Guard 138,500.00
1804 Public Works — operating expenses 7,300.00
1808 Public Works — operating expenses 1,416.00
1810 Public Welfare — operating expenses 13,900.00
1811 Education Department — vocational rehabilitation 8,910.00
1814 Education Department — fact-finding Commission on Education 10,000.00
1815 Public Works — purchase of motor vehicle 2,750.00
1817 Public Works — administrative expenses 1,000.00
1820 Health Dept. — aid to towns for public health nursing 3,608.00
1822 Mansfield Training School — operating expenses 38,993.00
1823 T. B. Commission — operating expenses at various sanatoria 31,326.22
1824 Mansfield Training School — contractual services 6,000.00
equipment — household 15,000.00
1825 Comptroller— insurance on state property 60,000.00
1826 Veterans' Home and Hospital — contractual services 10,000.00
1827 Public Welfare Department — operating expenses 50,000.00
1828 Finance and Control — Commissioner's office — operating expenses 1,221.00
1829 Secretary of State — operating expenses 3,800.00
1830 Attorney General — operating expenses 500.00
1832 Public Works — buildings and grounds — operating expenses 15,250.00
1833 Connecticut State Hospital — operating expenses 160,404.13
1834 Mansfield Training School — operating expenses 14,000.00
1835 Fairfield State Hospital — operating expenses 4,703.00
1836 Inter-racial Commission — operating expenses 2,556.00
1837 Southbury Training School — operating expenses 7,871.61
1838 Norwich State Hospital — operating expenses 152,384.00
1839 Mystic Oral School — operating expenses 4,050.00
FINANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE 49
1840 Geological and Natural History Survey — operating expenses 2,000.00
1841 Labor Department — operating expenses 12,500.00
1842 Tax Department — operating expenses 28,000.00
1843 Comptroller — pensions, retirements and employees called to service 36,018.00
1844 Conn. Development Commission — printing of Register of Manufacturing
Facilities _ 2,600.00
1846 T. B. Commission — operating expenses at various sanatoria 87,500.00
1847 Park and Forest Commission — operating expenses 8,218.00
1848 T. B. Commission — operating expenses — Laurel Heights 9,534.00
1849 T. B. Commission — operating expenses at various sanatoria 48,000.00
1850 T. B. Commission — Uncas-on-Thames, surgical supplies 3,000.00
1851 T. B. Commission — Seaside, repairs 500.00
1852 Education Dept. — operating expenses 78,570.00
1854 Public Welfare Dept.— operating expenses 73,000.00
1855 Insurance Dept. — operating expenses 600.00
1856 Prison — operating expenses 50,700.00
1858 Public Utilities Commission — operating expenses 2,750.00
1859 School for Boys — operating expenses 13,862.00
1860 State Police— operating expenses 88,947.72
1862 Military Dept. — state and National Guard expenses 25,000.00
1869 Judicial Dept. — increased rental costs 10,000.00
1870 Education of the Blind — operating expenses 3,555.00
1871 University of Conn. — operating expenses 88,000.00
1872 Veterans' Home and Hospital — operating expenses 34,500.00
1873 Water Commission — statutory salary increase 1,500.00
1876 Mansfield Training School — operating expenses 26,475.00
1877 Mystic Oral School — operating expenses 600.00
1881 Long Lane School — equipment 950.00
1882 Finance and Control — purchasing division — operating expenses 1,500.00
1883 Civil Rights Commission — operating expenses 2,030.00
1885 Southbury Training School — operating expenses 12,000.00
1886 Military Dept.— uniforms for State Guard 3,700.00
1887 Public Welfare Dept.- — operating expenses 28,645.00
1888 Labor Department — Arbitration and Mediation 3,740.00
1890 Mansfield Training School — operating expenses 9,500.00
1891 Judicial Department — Juvenile Court expenses 2,000.00
1892 Education Department — purchase of motor vehicles 1,300.00
1896 Food and Drugs — purchase of equipment 250.00
1897 Attorney General — operating expenses 51.91
1898 Education Department — capital projects 20,852.35
$2,302,808.72
ADDITIONS TO APPROPRIATIONS
1701 Refunds of Income— Sales and Use Tax $ 129.38
1705 Refunds of Income — Corporation Taxes 2,874.45
1706 Refunds of Income— General 100,000.00
1715 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 70.41
1718 Refunds of Income — Corporation Taxes 4,967.62
1734 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 240.61
1738 Refunds of Income — Corporation Taxes 14,834.66
1745 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 340.70
1747 Refunds of Income— General 100,000.00
1748 Refunds of Income — Corporation Taxes 2,803.76
1754 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Taxes 1,320.92
1758 Employees Called to Military or Naval Service 6,000.00
1766 Public Welfare Dept. — Old Age Assistance and Dependent
Children 3,797,500.00
1768 Employees Called to Military and Naval Service 25,000.00
1769 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 732.77
1770 Refunds of Income — Corporation Taxes 997.87
1784 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Taxes 192.02
1793 Refunds of Income — Corporation Taxes . 327.15
1795 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 450.57
50 FINANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
1796 Refunds of Income— General 100,000.00
1805 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 168.36
1807 Refunds of Income— General 100,000.00
1812 Refunds of Income — Corporation Taxes 4,915.47
1819 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 690.51
1857 Refunds of Income — Sales and Use Tax 215.28
1884 Refunds of Income— General 35,000.00
1889 Refunds of Income— Sales and Use Tax 242.08
$4,300,014.59
MANDATORY APPROVAL FOR ALLOTMENTS PER SPECIAL ACT
1707 Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission — Repairs $ 4,404.26
1759 Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission — Equipment 2,167.10
1760 University of Connecticut — capital projects 211,000.00
1782 Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission — Equipment 314.28
1816 Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission — Repairs 3,908.00
$221,793.64
SPECIAL FUNDS
Transfers :
1719 Inebriates Fund, new hospital operating expenses $ 67,156.00
1722 Law and Insurance Fund, College of — capital projects 100,000.00
1820 Charter Oak Bridge Fund — operating expenses 12,300.00
1845 Groton-New London Bridge fund — operating expenses 800.00
1853 Game Fund — Cost of salary increase, statutory 1,800.00
1861 Inebriates Fund — Special pay increase 500.00
1879 Charter Oak Bridge Fund — operating expenses 800.00
1880 Game Fund— Power equipment 4,000.00
$187,356.00
ADDITIONS TO APPROPRIATIONS
1699 Veterans' Bonus Fund — administrative expenses $ 5,725.00
1700 Housing Mortgage Fund — operating expenses 1,600.00
Rental Housing Fund — operating expenses 1,500.00
1703 Housing Mortgage Fund — operating expenses 25,139.00
Rental Housing Fund — operating expenses 55,543.00
1708 Feed Fees Fund — equipment other than motor vehicles 2,500.00
1709 Architects Fund — operating expenses 2,441.72
1710 Veterans' Bonus Fund — administrative expenses 4,000.00
1711 Housing Mortgage Fund — operating expenses 78,115.00
Rental Housing Fund — operating expenses 192,945.00
1712 Forest Nursery Fund — operating expenses 20,000.00
1716 Chiropractors Fund — operating expenses 62.47
1719 Inebriates Fund — operating expenses 22,792.00
1720 Homeopathic Fund — prior years' expenses 175.00
1723 Feed Fees Fund — equipment other than motor vehicles 900.00
1725 Chiropody Fund — prior year's expenses and 5% of fees 60.75
1726 Nurses Fund — 5% of fees to general fund 814.75
1727 Embalmers Fund — 5% of fees to general fund 272.85
1728 Tree Protection Fund — 5% of fees to general fund 35.90
1729 Opticians Fund — 5% of fees to general fund 678.45
1731 Psychologists Fund — operating expenses 114.00
1732 Pharmacy Fund — equipment — motor vehicles 1,000.00
1737 Game Fund— rebuild dike 15,000.00
1739 Marine Fish Fund — equipment — motor vehicles 1,715.00
1743 Veterinary Fund — 5% of fees to general fund 100.75
1744 Housing Mortgage Fund — operating expenses 1,000.00
Rental Housing Fund — operating expenses 1,000.00
1750 Veterans' Bonus Fund — administrative expenses 9,950.00
1751 Pharmacy Fund— 5% of fees 2,309.93
1756 Fertilizer Fund — laboratory equipment 4,000.00
FINANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
51
1757
1761
1762
1763
1765
1767
1773
1790
1779
1781
1785
1788
1792
1794
1806
1831
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1874
1875
1893
1894
1895
1704
1724
1746
1753
1755
1758
1764
1768
1772
1777
1813
1791
1809
1863
1878
Optometry Fund— 5% of fees 129.50
Pharmacy Fund — capital projects 22,060.00
Fertilizer Fund — laboratory equipment 650.00
State Pier Fund— steel mill survey 25,000.00
State Pier Fund — administrative expenses 570.00
Inebriates Fund — operating expenses of new hospital 10,000.00
Forest Nursery Fund — power equipment for forestry work 9,015.00
Forestry Nursery Fund — power equipment for forestry work 6,300.00
Pharmacy Fund — laboratory equipment 8,450.00
Accountancy Fund— administrative expenses 610.00
Veterans' Bonus Fund — administrative expenses 9,200.00
Housing Mortgage Fund — administrative expenses — Treasurer's office 2,200.00
Rental Housing Fund — -administrative expenses — Treasurer's ofhce 2,400.00
Institutional Building Fund— administrative expenses — Treasurer's office 7,000.00
Vocational School Building Fund — administrative expenses —
Treasurer's office 3,500.00
Teachers' Colleges Building Fund— administrative expenses —
Treasurer's office 1,800.00
Airways and Airdromes Fund — purchase of airplane 17,500.00
Groton-New London Bridge Fund — operating expenses 2,500.00
Veterans' Bonus Fund — administrative expenses 6,475.00
Medical Examiners Fund — administrative expenses 779.00
Barbers Fund — administrative expenses 3,600.00
Architectural Fund — administrative expenses 550.00
Pharmacy Fund — administrative expenses 1,230.00
Embalmers Fund — administrative expenses 250.00
Accountancy Fund — rental of space for examinations 75.00
Feed Fees Fund — statutory salary increase 979.00
Fertilizer Fund — statutory salary increase 480.00
Forest Fire Fund — operating expenses 7,500.00
Professional Engineers Fund — examinations 275.00
Barbers Fund — increased rate for travel 250.00
HIGHWAY FUND
Additions to Appropriations :
Refunds of Income — gasoline taxes
Capital projects
Refunds of Income — gasoline taxes
Special interstate study road construction
Capital projects
Employees called to military or naval service
Capital projects
Employees called to military service
Contractual services
Refunds of Income — gasoline taxes
Refunds of Income — gasoline taxes
Transfers :
State Comptroller for Insurance
Operating expenses — highway
Motor Vehicle Department — personal services
Operating expenses — highway
SUMMARY OF TRANSACTIONS
GENERAL FUND
Transfers between appropriations of agency
Additions to appropriations
Mandatory approval of allotments required by statute
Total Transfers and Additions
$602,818.07
$ 80,000.00
1,000,000.00
80,000.00
6,000.00
2,100,000.00
4,000.00
3,400,000.00
5,000.00
180,000.00
80,000.00
80,000.00
$7,015,000.00
$ 5,000.00
393,000.00
17,000.00
180,000.00
$595,000.00
$2,302,808.72
4.300,014.5')
221,793.64
$6,824,616.95
52
FINANCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
SPECIAL FUNDS
Transfers between appropriations of agency
Additions to appropriations
Total Transfers and Additions
$187,356.00
602,818.07
$790,174.07
HIGHWAY FUND
Transfers between appropriations
Additions to appropriations
Total Transfers and Additions
$595,000.00
7,015,000.00
$7,610,000.00
COMPARISON WITH PRIOR YEAR
GENERAL FUND
Transfers between appropriations
Additions to appropriations
Mandatory approval of allotments
Total
SPECIAL FUNDS
Transfers between appropriations
Additions to appropriations
Total
HIGHWAY FUND
Transfers between appropriations
Additions to appropriations
Total
1949-50
$ 846,201.22
4,799,704.80
1950-51
$2,302,808.72
4,300,014.59
221,793.64
Comparison
1951 to 1950
Over-Under*
$1,456,607.50
499,690.21*
221,793.64
$5,654,906.02 $6,824,616.95 $1,178,710.93
$ 47,578.00
2,055,928.36
$ 187,356.00
602,818.07
$ 139,778.00
1,453,110.29*
$2,103,506.36 $ 790,174.07 $1,313,332.29*
$5,545,800.00
2,463,543.61
$ 595,000.00
7,015,000.00
$4,950,800.00*
4,551,456.39
$8,009,343.61 $7,610,000.00 $ 399,343.61*
Total all funds $15,758,755.99 $15,224,791.02 $ 533,964.97*
Most of the transfers between appropriations were occasioned by the
statutory salary increase voted by the General Assembly at the Special
Session, September 1950, which did not provide directly the means of
financing. Rising prices due to unstable economic conditions were respon-
sible for the majority of the remainder.
Additions to appropriations from the resources of the General Fund
were strictly for refunds of taxes, payments on account of old age assis-
tance, dependent children and employees called into the armed forces.
PERSONNEL APPEAL BOARD
Established — 1943
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Section 314 and Section 379
Administrative head — Daniel E. Brennan, Jr.,
Chairman
Central office — Security Building, Bridgeport ; Tele-
phone 6-3816
Average number of full-time employees — None
Funds for operation fiscal year 1949-50 — None
Stationery and a hearing stenographer are fur-
nished the Board by the Advisory Personnel
Committee.
The purpose of the Personnel Appeal Board is to hear and decide
appeals to it by employees of the State, in the classified service, from cer-
tain disciplinary actions imposed by their superior officers, which such em-
ployees making appeal believe either to have been improper or illegal. The
Board also hears appeals in the question of seniority in "lay-offs" and cer-
tain aspects of forced retirement.
The Board is composed of three members, named by the Governor,
the members becoming ex-officio members of the Personnel Advisory Com-
mittee. The present membership of the Board is: Daniel E. Brennan, Jr.,
Chairman; Mrs. Helen J. Rolfe and Rev. Robert D. McGrath. All corre-
spondence is directed to the chairman. No salaries are paid and there is no
separate budget.
Activity of the Board commences with the receipt of a written com-
plaint explaining the protest and requesting a hearing. A formal hearing is
then held at which both the employee and his superior officer present their
versions of the matter. The Board's decisions are in writing and become a
part of the record of each appeal case.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951, there were eight appeals.
Two of these appeals regarding (1) veterans preference in "lay-offs" and
53
54 PERSONNEL APPEAL BOARD
(2) method of "lay-off" according to seniority lists covered a number of
appeals. Since it was a matter of interpretation of law and methods of pro-
cedure, and since all parties were in agreement that the facts were the same,
all these appeals were heard as one appeal and the decision was then applied
to all individuals who had appealed as individuals or to groups of individuals
who were represented by their attorneys. Of the eight hearings, the deci-
sions of the Board sustained the action of the appointing authority in three
appeals. The Board overruled the action of the appointing authority in four
cases. In one case regarding methods in lay-offs according to seniority, the
decision upheld the appointing authority in most parts of its seven point
finding.
The Board on the recommendation of the Office of the Attorney Gen-
eral presented to the legislature a bill implementing the authority of the
Board and clarifying its function. The Personnel Committee of the House
of Representatives did not see fit to bring the bill out of committee. The bill
was acted upon favorably in the Senate. It is hoped that the necessary legis-
lation will be considered favorably at the time of the next session of the
legislature.
ADVISORY PERSONNEL COMMITTEE
Established — 1937
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Section 315, 317, 320, 321, and others
A dministrative
Chairman
head — Donald C. Mathews,
Central office — State Office Building ; Francis W.
Hogan, Secretary ; Telephone 7-6341 ; Ext. 666
Average number full-time employees — None
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $500.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $371.66
Organisation structure — There are eight members
of this committee, three of whom are also mem-
bers of the Appeal Board
The Advisory Personnel committee advises and assists the state Per-
sonnel Director in the making of rules and regulations for the administra-
tion of the merit system in state employment; also, in the establishment
and maintenance of other personnel procedure. Authority is derived from
Section 315 of the General Statutes. New rules were adopted as of April
12, 1948.
The Committee's eight members are appointed by the Governor. They
are: Donald C. Mathews, Chairman; Francis W. Hogan, Commissioner
G. Albert Hill, Dr. Ronald C. Kettle, Edwin W. Laird, Helen J. Rolfe,
Reverend Robert D. McGrath, and Attorney Daniel E. Brennan, Jr., the
latter three being members of the appeals board.
The Committee, which meets once a month, took action during the
year on new classes — 47; cancellations — 30; modifications in specifications
— 99; modifications in salary ranges — 82; presented to it by Glendon A.
Scoboria, the Personnel Director.
55
TAX DEPARTMENT
Ss3S
Established — June 1, 1901
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Section 1679
Administrative head -
Tax Commissioner
■ William F. Connelly,
-A. L. Mendillo, Deputy
Municipal, Corporation, and Research.
Deputy administrator-
Tax Commissioner
Central office — 470 Capitol Avenue, Hartford;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 2359
Number of full-time employees — 221 (June 30,
1951)
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation — $1,027,395.59
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures — $958,844.25
Capital outlay — $1,605.17
Organisation structure — Seven divisions as follows :
Administrative, Inheritance, Sales Tax, Excise,
The major statutes covering the powers and duties of the Tax Com-
missioner are set forth in Chapter 84 of the General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision. Pursuant to these statutes and other pertinent statutes the Tax De-
partment performs the following services:
1. It oversees local assessment and collection procedure and aids in
preparation of local budgets when asked to do so.
2. It conducts schools for local assessors, collectors and municipal
finance officers annually.
3. It either audits or supervises the auditing of all the municipalities
in the state.
4. It collects over eighty million dollars annually from the adminis-
tration of some twenty-one different taxes.
5. It compiles statistics on local and state assessments and collections ;
on indebtedness and expenditures of municipalities; on state educational
grants ; on grants in lieu of taxes on state-owned property.
6. It audits selectively the records of two hundred fifty thousand in-
corporated, unincorporated and sales taxpayers.
56
TAX DEPARTMENT
57
7. It handles some seven thousand decedent estates annually, many
of which require anything from informal probate hearings to extended
litigation in the highest courts.
8. It prepares estimates of tax yields on existing taxes for each bi-
ennium and on all new tax measures proposed in the legislature.
9. It prepares special studies on tax problems for the legislature, the
chief executive, other state agencies and the public.
TAXES ADMINISTERED
Statute
Reference
Tax
1949 Revision
1.
Amusement
Chapter 99
2.
Alcoholic Beverages
Chapter 205
3.
Car Companies
Chapter 95
4.
Cigarette
Chapter 98
5.
Connecticut Estate
Chapter 101
6.
Corporation Business
Chapter 91
7.
Electric and Power Cos.
Chapter 96
8.
Estate Penalty
Chapter 103
9.
Express Companies
Chapter 95
10.
Gas and Electric Cos.
Chapter 96
11.
Gas Companies
Chapter 96
12.
Inheritance
Chapter 100
13.
Insurance Companies —
Domestic — Net Premium Tax
Chapter 90
Interest and Dividend Tax
Chapter 90
(These are insurance taxes adminis-
tered by the Tax Dept. only.)
14.
Motor Buses
Chapter 94
15.
Investment (notes, bonds, etc.)
Chapter 86 I
16.
Railroads, Steam and Electric
Chapter 93
17.
Telegraph and Cable Cos.
Chapter 95
18.
Telephone Companies
Chapter 95
19.
Unincorporated Business
Chapter 97
20.
Water and Water Power Cos.
Chapter 96
21.
Sales and Use (including licenses)
(Note: Receipts for the quarter ended
June 30, 1951, not payable until July 31,
1951, are not included with above sales
tax figures.)
Chapter 104
Sec. 1746
Receipts
for Fiscal
Year Ended
June 30,1951
$ 111,438.24
6,267,993.65
32,561.83
7,889,073.99*
59,745.96
18,645,952.63
485,927.22
198,773.10*
18,042.29
833,148.19
231,294.37
6,249,141.97
1,414,924.55
2,210,933.08
593,840.77*
375,787.86
1,189,328.18
45,943.48
1,817,185.95
1,559,991.30*
130,476.47
33,318,504.97
$83,680,010.05
* Items starred are shared revenues. The figures
given here are gross recipts before sharing.
CORPORATION DIVISION
The Corporation Division is responsible for the administration of the
provisions of Chapters 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 and 96 of the General Statutes,
which impose taxes on insurance companies, miscellaneous corporations,
air carriers, railroads, motor buses, express, telegraph and cable, telephone,
car, water, gas, electric and power companies.
Approximately seventeen thousand tax returns are received, recorded
and audited each year.
58
TAX DEPARTMENT
Following is a summary of the taxes collected by the Corporation
Division for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951, as compared with those
collected for the preceding fiscal year:
Title
Corporation Business Tax
Insurance Cos (Domestic)
Public Service Companies
Totals
-Tax Revenue Collected-
6/30/51
$18,658,940.79
3,625,857.63
5,062,021.96
6/30/50
$12,182,230.75
6,426,538.89
5,134,576.20
Increase
or Decrease
+$6,476,710.04
— 2,800,681.26
— 72,554.24
$27,346,820.38 $23,743,345.84 +$3,603,474.54
The decrease in tax revenues from domestic insurance companies
was due mainly to the amendment to Chapter 90, Section 192a of the 1949
Supplement to the General Statutes, which made the tax payable at the
time of filing the return. Therefore, the taxes on insurance companies'
taxable income for 1948 and 1949 were received in the fiscal year ended
June 30, 1950.
Included in the corporation business tax revenue collected during the
fiscal year ended June 30, 1951, is an amount of $404,989.61, which con-
sists of additional assessments imposed on 3,821 corporation tax returns
filed for previous years. A summary of additional assessments imposed and
refunds granted by this division during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951
follows :
Number of Amount
Source Returns Examined Collected
Field Examinations 367 $105,545.97
Office Examinations 2,249 78,110.24
Federal Examinations 1,205 221,333.40
Totals
Source
Field Examinations
Office Examinations
Federal Examinations
Federal Renegotiations
3,821
Number of
Returns Examined
153
873
280
24
$404,989.61
Amount
Refunded
$52,500.67
46,997.17
128,039.18
31,393.83
1,330
$258,930.85
From the foregoing summary, it will be noted that the net additional
assessments made as a result of field examinations were $53,045.30; the
number of returns examined was 520 and the average net additional
revenue collected per return examined was approximately $102.00. The
average time consumed per return audited was slightly less than one day.
EXCISE DIVISION
The Excise Division is charged with administering the unincorporated
business tax, the tax on alcoholic beverages, the cigarette tax, and the tax
on places of amusement. On July 1, 1950 the investment tax was trans-
ferred to this division.
The division is also charged with the enforcement of the Fair Trade
Act in so far as it relates to the sale of cigarettes between the wholesalers
and retailers. On October 1, 1951, the law will be extended to include
sales to consumers.
TAX DEPARTMENT 59
For the year ending June 30, 1951 taxes in the amount of $16,204,-
285.04 were collected from approximately 57,000 taxpayers.
MUNICIPAL DIVISION
The principal function of the Municipal Division is the auditing of
municipal accounts pursuant to the Municipal Auditing Act of 1939. This
act provides for an annual audit of all towns and cities throughout the
state and a biennial audit for school, sewer and fire districts.
Municipalities whose average annual receipts from property taxation
do not exceed $70,000.00 can request the State Tax Department to con-
duct the audit. Towns whose average annual receipts from property taxa-
tion do .not exceed $50,000.00 can, if the audit is made by the State Tax"
Department, have half of the audit cost borne by the state.
In addition to making the audits of the smaller municipalities, the
accountants of the division review the audits made by the independent
public accountants.
The Municipal Division also prepares tax documents which are pub-
lished by the Tax Commissioner as authorized by statute, calculates the
value of all land owned by the state and determines the state grant in lieu
of taxes, as well as calculating the county tax. After each legislative session
all new legislation is furnished to all local officials involved.
INHERITANCE TAX DIVISION
Approximately 7,000 decedents' estates were processed by the Inheri-
tance Tax Division during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951. During
this period $6,507,661.03 was received by the State of Connecticut from
taxes administered by the division, as follows :
Inheritance Tax $6,249,141.97
Connecticut Estate Tax 59,745.96
Estate Penalty Tax 198,773.10
The division investigates the question of domicile of deceased persons
for tax purposes and checks on the administration of inheritance tax laws
by probate courts and fiduciaries of decedents' estates. It investigates
values of items reported in estate inventories, involving complicated in-
terests in real estate, close corporations, joint interests, etc. It holds hear-
ings on matters before probate courts, computes succession and estate
taxes, and the estate penalty tax when applicable.
RESEARCH DIVISION
During the fiscal year 1951 the Connecticut General Assembly met in
regular session, as well as in one special session, and much of the work
of the Research Division was done in connection with these legislative
sessions. Measures which were needed to improve or clarify the tax laws
were drafted in the division, and many of them were successful of passage.
A study was made of all tax legislation introduced in the Assembly in an
effort to determine the legal and economic merits of each tax proposal.
Estimates were made of yields of all present taxes administered by the
Tax Department and many proposed tax measures. The division made
studies of the administration of taxes in other states and exchanged statis-
tical data with similar divisions in other states.
60 TAX DEPARTMENT
SALES AND USE TAX DIVISION
The recent enactment of the tax on the "casual sale" of automobiles,
which produces added revenue, also calls for an expanded field staff in
order to assure proper enforcement.
In the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951 the division collected $458,-
323.92 through its field audit activities. With an average of 38 auditors
employed, this amounts to $12,760 of actual collections annually per audi-
tor employed; this is in addition to the incalculable factor of increased
self-assessment brought about by the knowledge that returns may be
audited at any time.
The following is a breakdown of net deposits with the State Treasurer
for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951. These figures do not include
receipts from returns for the quarter ended June 30, 1951, which were
not due until July 31 :
Number of Returns
Sales 226,576
Use 18,727
Receipts :
Sales Tax $32,366,955.25
Use Tax 484,886.90
Field Audits 458,323.92
Permit Fees 8,338.90
245,303
$33,318,504.97
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
In my opinion Connecticut has done well in providing for present
services without the imposition of new and irritating forms of state taxes
and local excises which confuse and annoy the public. As a matter of fact,
we have eliminated from taxation household furniture, private libraries
and personal jewelry, as well as musical instruments, radios and television
sets used by any family, which items have long been a source of annoyance
both to the public and to local assessors.
The Tax Department is devoting much effort toward the full enforce-
ment of the present revenue laws by careful scrutiny and audit of tax
returns.
We are paying close attention also to the equitable operation of our
corporation tax laws so that all taxpayers who enjoy the facilities and
services provided in this state by public funds shall contribute proportion-
ately to those funds. This problem is not unique in Connecticut. The entire
question of equitable state taxation of businesses operating across state
lines is one of constant study by this department in cooperation with the
tax authorities of our neighboring states.
As to further long-range planning, the paramount objective, it seems
to me, is to have the sales tax recognized as a permanent part of the state's
tax system. The sales tax has proven a great revenue producer with a
minimum cost of administration and a minimum amount of administrative
difficulty and its counter-inflationary effect is just what is needed in our
present economic situation.
LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH DEPARTMENT
Established— 1947
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Section 3523 through Section 3530
Administrative head — Elmer W. Ryan, Commis-
sioner
Executive Assistant — Ruth C. Yeomans
Central office — State Capitol, Room 203 ; Telephone
7-6341, Ext. 492, 493
Average number of full-time employees — 4
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $26,200.00
J Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $22,689.01
Capital outlay — None
During the 1951 session 2,674 bills were introduced in the General
Assembly. A large percentage of these were drafted by this office. In a great
many cases the department is called upon by department heads or members
of the General Assembly to do preliminary research and to proceed through
a series of conferences to the final draft of the bill ; in many more, rough
drafts are revised ; in others, correction of form and retyping are required.
The number of bills introduced, however, represents only a portion of the
bills prepared or worked on by the department, as many bills prepared for
the legislators are abandoned before introduction or are drafted in various
forms before final presentation. The office is kept in operation during eve-
ning, Saturday and holiday sessions of the General Assembly, and indices
and daily progress reports of all bills are maintained which show at a single
reference the status of every bill.
Since on any legislative day office hours are largely given over to con-
sultation with, and furnishing information to, members of the General As-
sembly, committee chairmen, representatives of other state agencies and
members of the public, much of the actual bill drafting is done after hours
and on weekends.
In the 1951 session 1,004 bills were enacted into law of which 306 were
public acts and 618 special acts. All bills favorably reported by committees
61
62 LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH DEPARTMENT
are required by statute to be referred to this department for checking as to
constitutionality, consistency with existing statutes and accuracy of refer-
ences and phraseology. Each bill must bear the commissioner's stamp of
approval before being introduced for second reading. If the commissioner
believes that a bill is not in proper form or is unconstitutional, an effort is
made, through conferences with committee chairmen, to remedy the defects.
In most cases this results in the ultimate approval of the bill. Where it is not
possible to make such corrections, the bill is returned to the committee
without approval with the commissioner's reason therefor in writing. Un-
favorably reported bills are not examined, but are jacketed to indicate the
committee's action.
Prior to 1947 the publication of the Supplement had been, for many
years, an acute problem. In that year this department installed a new sys-
tem whereby two editions of the public acts are published instead of one :
the first consisting of the acts, as passed, in numerical order with an index ;
and the second in the form of a Cumulative Supplement to the General
Statutes with annotations of every Supreme Court decision interpreting the
statutes. Publication has been prompt and the unfortunate situation which
prevailed for many years, of leaving Bench and Bar, state departments and
the public without adequate opportunity to know the statute law of the
state, has been eliminated.
This year the state will have the first Cumulative Supplement to the
General Statutes in sixteen years. The paper covered copies of the Supple-
ment on which, in prior years, many thousands of dollars were wasted have
been eliminated. All copies of the Supplement are bound either in cloth or
buckram. This has been accomplished, through the cooperation of the Com-
missioner of Finance and Control, without increase in overall cost by reduc-
ing the number of copies printed and giving a better product to the public.
The department also maintains a current revision of the General
Statutes, consolidating all statutes and public acts and preparing annota-
tions to Supreme Court decisions. It also serves as an information bureau
for state departments and the public on legislative and statutory matters.
INVESTMENT COMMITTEE
Established— 1930
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 7
Administrative head — Michael Dolak, Chairman
Central office — Care State Treasurer, State Capi-
tol; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 566
Average number of full-time employees — None
The powers and duties of the Investment Committee are set forth in
Section 114 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949. Members of the
Committee as at June 30, 1951 were: Michael Dolak, Chairman; Lewis W.
Phelps, Andover, and Frank M. Lynch, New Haven, Commissioner of
Finance and Control.
For the purpose of approving all investments by the State Treasurer,
five meetings were held during the fiscal year. The total investment trans-
actions for all funds, which were approved by the Committee during the
period, amounted to $481,095,135.
Thirty applications for mortgage loans from the School Fund and
Agricultural College Fund, totaling $922,085, were reviewed. Of this
total, mortgage loans in the amount of $258,165 were made during the
fiscal year.
Section 2957 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949, provides that
"the soldiers', sailors' and marines' fund shall remain as established and as
it may be augmented, from time to time, by the cigarette tax as provided
in Section 1979 and shall be in the custody of a board of trustees consist-
ing of the treasurer and the investment committee."
63
64 INVESTMENT COMMITTEE
The Investment Committee, serving as a Board of Trustees for the
Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' Fund, has exercised its authority and dis-
charged its responsibilities at the five meetings held during the fiscal year.
The total cash added to the Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' Fund during
the fiscal year amounted to $2,345,713.86, detailed thus:
Cigarette tax proportionate share $2,025,000.00
Income from investments including profit on sales of
securities 320,713.86
Total $2,345,713.86
Transfers to the operating fund amounted to $435,935.95 for the
fiscal year.
Listed below are security and cash balances combined, as at June 30,
1951, of those funds wherein the investment committee approved pur-
chases and sales of investment securities :
Teachers' Annuity fund $29,846,689
Teachers' Pension fund 15,007,268
Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' fund 12,998,537
State Employees' Retirement fund 6,527,764
School fund 2,188,136
Agricultural College fund 136,125
Conn. Municipal Employees' Retirement fund 2,573,968
Second Injury fund 90,020
Miscellaneous Trust funds 1,627,369
Highway fund 10,582,236
Old Lyme-Old Saybrook Bridge Bond fund 78,000
World War II Veterans' Bonus Bond fund 2 612,565
World War II Veterans' Bonus Bond fund 3 891,144
University of Connecticut Bond funds 1,911,875
Institutional Building Bond fund 1,645,115
Housing Mortgage Bond fund 17,448,120
Rental Housing Bond fund 3,488,185
Bradley Field Building Bond fund 997,317
Vocational-Technical Schools Building Bond fund 3,388,510
Teachers' Colleges Building Bond fund 1,893,805
Conn. Marketing Authority Building Bond fund 613,945
University of Connecticut Bond Liquidation fund 130,812
Groton-New London Bridge Bond Sinking fund 405,468
Hartford-East Hartford Bridge Bond Sinking fund 1,479,356
Old Lyme-Old Saybrook Bridge Bond Sinking fund 175,000
Regulations pertaining to legal investments for Connecticut Savings
Banks, as promulgated by the State Bank Commissioner, have governed
the investment of cash in each of the listed funds.
The volume of securities transactions has increased considerably from
year to year and by constant review and analysis the Treasurer has taken
advantage of market conditions to produce ever increasing yields and con-
siderable profit. The investment committee commends the Treasurer and
his deputy for their astuteness in the handling of the state's dedicated funds.
The Committee, in keeping with the requirement of the statutes, has
made a complete examination of the securities in the custody of the Treas-
urer, to determine their market value, as at June 30, 1951.
GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL
COMMISSION ON
INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION
INTERSTATE PAROLE AND PROBATION
COMPACT
COMMISSIONERS FOR THE PROMOTION
OF UNIFORMITY OF LEGISLATION IN
THE UNTED STATES
«*=aliXOX
JZOZamZ Atlantic states marine fisheries
^. w "'"'"ZS COMMISSION
Administrative head — Henry H. Hunt.
weaaaaww—a— BHBaa
Central office — State Capitol, Room 312; Telephone
7-6341, Ext. 631
Average number of full-time employees — 3
Statutory authority-
of 1949
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL
-Sections 54-62, inclusive, General Statutes, Revision
MEMBERS
Members Ex-Officio: William Perry Barber, President Pro Tempore of
the Senate ; Mansfield D. Sprague, Speaker of the House ; Benjamin
M. Leipner, Senate majority leader ; Lyman E. Hall, Senate minority
leader ; Louis Shapiro, House majority leader ; John D. LaBelle, House
minority leader.
Senate Members: William Ablondi, Seymour, 17th District; William Perry
Barber, Putnam, 28th District ; James E. Foley, New Haven, 8th
District ; Lyman E. Hall, Kensington, 5th District ; Benjamin M.
Leipner, Bridgeport, 21st District; John H. Mullen, Stafford Springs,
35th District ; Martin F. Sullivan, Waterbury, 16th District.
65
66 GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES
House Members: John N. Dempsey, Putnam ; Melvin M. Dichter, Stam-
ford ; Daniel C. Flynn, West Hartford ; Lawrence D. Griffin, Enfield ;
Anthony G. Kirker, Norwich ; John D. LaBelle, Manchester ; Philip
P. Laing, Windsor ; Alice T. Peterson, Branford ; Erving Pruyn,
Colebrook ; Louis Shapiro, Farmington ; Mansfield D. Sprague, New
Canaan.
Officers: Louis Shapiro, Chairman ; Benjamin M. Leipner, Vice-Chairman ;
Alice Peterson, Secretary.
Staff: Henry H. Hunt, Director; Nicholas J. Spellman, Research Director.
Office: Room 312 — State Capitol.
The Legislative Council is a fact-finding agency of the General Assem-
bly and, acting in that capacity, studies and reports upon subjects referred
to it by that body, and, in addition, devotes much time to the study of
matters suggested by the Governor, individual members of the Assembly
and others.
In recent years the Council has made many important recommendations
for improving legislative procedure, particularly with respect to the manner
of producing copies of bills, keeping a continuous record of the legislative
action taken upon them, and compiling statistics showing the number of
bills referred to each committee and the particular disposition of them.
The Council has completed studies on the following subjects during
the past eighteen months :
Legislative Procedure
Committee Action on Bills — Table
Minimum Age Requirement of Motor Vehicle Operators
The Attachment Law
Municipal Employees Retirement Law
Municipal Merit System Act
State Administered Adult Probation System
A Domestic Relations Court
Aggressive Sexual Deviates
Financial Responsibility of Motor Vehicle Owners and Operators
Retirement of State Policemen
Capital Punishment
Games of Chance
As a service to newly-elected members of the Assembly, the Council
issues a pamphlet containing information on the organization of the Assem-
bly and other material useful to members. A detailed description of the
process through which a bill advances in the Assembly is given in another
pamphlet.
The Assembly has designated broad powers to the Council to enable
it to carry on its work. It is authorized to hold public hearings on any
subject under consideration. It can investigate any administrative de-
partment and subpoena witnesses and department records. In general,
the Council acts as an interim committee of the General Assembly, gather-
ing factual information for the use of that body.
Appropriation
$25,214.00
1,587.00
176.00
10.00
Expenditures
$19,373.72
635.92
139.46
GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES 67
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951
Personal Services*
Contractual Services
Supplies and Materials
Equipment**
Total $26,987.00 $20,149.10
Notes : *Includes fees paid to eighteen Council members, $20 per diem.
**Biennial allotment, carried over from 1949-1950.
COMMISSION ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION
Established — June 3, 1937
Administrative head — Henry H. Hunt, Administrator
Central Office — State Capitol, Room 312; Telephone, 7-6341, Ext. 631
Average number of full-time employees — None
Statutory authority — Sections 59, 63-70, G.S.
Members Ex-officio: John Lodge, Governor; Edward N. Allen, Lieutenant
Governor ; Mansfield D. Sprague, Speaker of the House.
Governor's Committee: Richard Martin, Director, State Water Commis-
sion, chairman ; George C. Conway, Attorney General ; Robert H.
Weir, Director of the Budget ; Joseph B. Downes, State Auditor ;
Ralph G. Macy, Commissioner, Department of Public Works.
Senate Committee: Milton J. Herman, 22nd District, Bridgeport, Chair-
man ; Martin F. Sullivan, 16th District, Waterbury ; Anthony S.
Avallone, 11th District, New Haven; Charles McKew Parr, 34th
District, Chester; Elmer S. Watson, 4th District, Wethersfield.
House Committee: James H. Gould, Essex, Chairman; Edna B. Sharpe,
Pomfret ; Clara M. Lewis, Monroe ; Alfred A. Toscano, New Haven ;
Lucie Wrynn, Wallingford.
Officers: Richard Martin, Chairman; Joseph B. Downes, Vice chairman;
Heny H. Hunt, Administrator-Director of Legislative Council ; Dor-
othy O. Lorentz, Secretary.
FUNCTIONS OF COMMISSION
The functions of this Commission are set forth in Section 67 of
Chapter 3 of the General Statutes of Connecticut, Revision of 1949.
Through the state's membership in the Interstate Parole and Pro-
bation Compact, the administrator clears all cases of parole and probation
involving other states with Connecticut. The state's membership in the
Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, the Interstate Sanitation
Commission and the New England Interstate Water Pollution Control
Commission is supervised through the office and is an important factor in
promoting interstate relations in these fields. The Commission also con-
tributes to the activities of the Governors' Conference, the Conference of
Attorneys General, Conference of Secretaries of State, Conference of
Budget Directors and Conference of Tax Officials and is the clearing house
68 GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES
for all matters originating in the central office of the Council of State
Governments. This state participates in regional conferences through
membership on Regional Continuing Committees of the Eastern States
Conference on Intergovernmental Cooperation on matters concerning
motor vehicles, state safety programs, aviation, social welfare and relief,
water pollution and flood control.
The Commission on Intergovernmental Cooperation is represented
by delegates appointed by it to the various interstate regional conferences
on the following subjects of interstate cooperation :
REGIONAL CONTINUING COMMITTEES
Regional Committee on Liquor Control Problems
Regional Committee on Motor Vehicle Problems
Regional Committee on Safety Education
Regional Committee on Traffic Regulation and Control
Regional Committee on Social Welfare and Relief
Regional Committee on State Safety Programs
The Standing Committees of the Commission are as follows :
STANDING COMMITTEES
Committee on Interstate Parole and Probation Compact
Committee on Flood Control
Committee on Motor Vehicle Problems
Committee on Aviation
Committee on Social Welfare and Relief
Committee on Interstate Sanitation
Committee on Atlantic States Marine Fisheries
Committe on Publicity
There is close cooperative action by this Commission, the Commis-
sion on Uniform Legislation, and the Legislative Council in the form of
passing along to the members of the General Assembly the general trend
of thought promoting similar legislation in the several states, as well as
the studies and activities of the Council of State Governments.
Through support of this type of legislation and the great amount
of work connected with preparing and guiding it through the legislative
process, together with that of developing a good working relationship and
friendly contact by correspondence and conferences with officials in other
states, this Commission has carried out to the fullest, possible extent,
under existing appropriations, the intent of the statute. Connecticut's
Commission on Intergovernmental Cooperation, under the guidance of
an experienced administrator, Mr. Henry H. Hunt, has attained an out-
standing position in the councils of the nation and its various regional
groups.
Summary: The conferences were attended by the chairman of the
Commission, or the administrator, together with members of the com-
mittees appointed by the Commission to study the subjects under discus-
sion at such conferences. The detail and resulting resolutions of the con-
ferences are quite extended. They are, however, available for the infor-
mation of all state department heads, agencies or institutions.
GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES 69
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951
Appropriation Expenditures
Contractual Services $ 1,259.00 $ 930.30
Supplies and Materials 119.00 56.84
Fixed Charges, Grants and Donations* 9,000.00 9,000.00
Total $10,378.00 $9,987.14
*Note : Includes
Contribution to Council of
State Governments $6,000
Contribution to New Eng-
land Interstate Water
Pollution Control
Commission 3,000
The General Assembly had appropriated the sum of $1,500 for the latter com-
mission and $1,500 was allotted from the Governor's Contingent Fund, making a
total of $3,000 as Connecticut's contribution toward the New England Interstate
Water Pollution Control Commission.
INTERSTATE PAROLE AND PROBATION COMPACT
Statutory Authority: Sections 8841 and 59, General Statutes, Revision
of 1949
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Members: Allyn L. Brown, Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Errors, Hart-
ford ; Ralph H. Walker, Warden, Connecticut State Prison, Wethers-
field ; Leonard E. Comstock, Superintendent, Connecticut Reforma-
tory, Cheshire ; Elsie A. Shearer, Superintendent, State Farm and
State Prison for Women, Niantic ; Edward J. Hickey, Commissioner
of State Police, Hartford ; William D. Barnes, Executive Secretary,
Connecticut Prison Association, Hartford ; John P. Conlin, Probation
Officer, Hartford County Superior Court, Hartford.
Henry H. Hunt, Administrator.
At present all forty-eight states are cooperating under the provisions
of the compact, all in connection with parolee supervision, and many
functioning in both parole and probation matters. Offices are in the State
Capitol, Room 312.
The compact operates under the direction of the administrator of the
Commission on Intergovernmental Cooperation and is a clearing house for
all interstate parole and probation matters that are administered by the
State Prison Parole Board, the Connecticut Reformatory Parole Board,
the State Farm and Prison for Women Parole Board, and the Connecticut
Prison Association, the latter association rendering exclusive service in
the interstate transfer of probationers.
As of June 30, 1950, there were 128 out-of-state parolees under
supervision in Connecticut, and 42 parolees had been sent to other states
from Connecticut for supervision. The number of probationers sent to
Connecticut as of the same date was 38, and 12 were sent to other states.
70 GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES
The expense of administering the compact is entirely borne by the
appropriation to the Legislative Council and is extremely modest.
COMMISSIONERS FOR THE PROMOTION OF UNIFORMITY
OF LEGISLATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Statutory Authority — Section 3504, General Statutes, Revision of 1949
Members: Christopher L. Avery, Groton, Chairman; William L. Beers,
New Haven, Secretary ; Lawrence A. Howard, Farmington.
Henry H. Hunt, Administrator.
FUNCTIONS OF COMMISSION
The functions of this Commission, as prescribed by the statute, were
to examine the subjects of marriage and divorce, insolvency, the form of
notarial certificates, descent and distribution of property, acknowledgment
of deeds, execution and probate of wills, and other subjects on which uni-
formity is desirable.
ACTIVITIES
During the year ending June 30, 1951, Connecticut has participated
in two national conferences of commissioners on Uniform State Laws —
the Conference at Washington in September, 1950, and a special meeting
of the National Conference, held in May, 1951, in Washington, D. C, in
conjuction with the American Law Institute.
In collaboration with the American Law Institute the Commissioners
have practically completed the revised Commercial Code. This brings up
to date the present uniform laws covering negotiable instruments, sales
and other commercial subjects. New chapters deal with uniform securities,
secured commercial transactions and other vitally important subjects not
previously included in uniform laws. This is the most important element
in the line of uniformity since the original commercial acts were adopted
nearly half a century ago.
The 1951 General Assembly enacted Public Act 184, containing the
substance of the Uniform Reciprocal Enforcement of Support Act. This
will enable Connecticut to cooperate with other states in a much more
economical and practical enforcement of the duty of support and avoid
expensive and technical extradition proceedings.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951
Appropriation Expenditures
Expenses $1,000.00 $924.58
ATLANTIC STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION
Established — June 26, 1945
Administrative head — Henry H. Hunt, Administrator
Average number of full-time employees — None
GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES 71
Central office: State Capitol, Room 312; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 631
Statutory Authority: Section 3560 and Appendix F, General Statutes,
Revision of 1949.
Members: John P. Montgomery, Chairman, State Board of Fisheries and
Game, Hamden, ex-officio; James H. Gould, Essex; John B. Bindloss,
Stonington.
This Commission since 1949 has represented all of the states on the
Atlantic Coast. Connecticut joined in 1945. The Commission has con-
tinued to serve as a clearing house for the interchange of fishery information
between the administrators and the Commissions on Interstate Cooperation.
It has continued its active interest in the field of Federal legislation
relating to the fisheries. In our previous report for the fiscal year 1949-50
attention was called to the fact that the Commission has been actively in-
terested in the development of an International Convention on the Fisheries
in the Northwestern Atlantic. Connecticut fisheries participated in this
international fishery which on the more easterly banks is shared with
many nations. The nearer banks are also of international character but
that fishery is divided primarily between Canada and the United States.
Following the approval of the International Convention, the Commission
took an active part in the preparation of suitable enabling legislation and
insisted upon adequate protection for the fishery jurisdiction for the
several states. Several commissioners and staff members served on the
American delegation to the international Conference and several Com-
missioners including the Governor's appointee, Mr. Bindloss, from Con-
necticut are now serving on the American Advisory Committee appointed
by the United States Department to assist the American International
Commission.
The Commission functions through four Sections : The North At-
lantic (corresponding to the New England states), the Middle Atlantic,
Chesapeake Bay and South Atlantic Sections. Meetings of these Sections
are held as required and an Annual Meeting is held usually in September
in which all member states participate.
Particular reference should be made to the research sponsored by the
Commission covering clams, shad, and croaker. The Commission's pri-
mary research agency, under the Compact, is the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service in the Department of the Interior which is conducting
these studies.
A special study of great interest to Connecticut is that covering
pollution in its relation to the fisheries. Other problems which received
attention in the North Atlantic Section during the past year were minimum
size regulations, striped bass studies and tagging operations, the clam and
shad investigations in which Connecticut is participating, the Atlantic
salmon restoration (of particular interest to Maine) and the trash fishery
investigation.
The other two coastal Commissions on the Gulf and Pacific coasts,
patterned largely upon the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Compact are
also making significant advances. It is the hope of the Commission that
Connecticut will ratify an Amendment to the Atlantic States Compact
72 GOVERNMENTAL COOPERATIVE AGENCIES
which has heen adopted by several other states and which has already
received the consent of the Congress. It would permit two or more states
to create a special section of the Commission consisting of their own Com-
missioners serving upon it and to confer upon such section such regulatory
powers as may be deemed necessary for the management of a common
fishery. This amendment has already been adopted by Maine, New Hamp-
shire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and North
Carolina. If Connecticut adopts it, the entire membership of the North
Atlantic Section will be able to make use of it should occasion require.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951
Appropriation Expenditures
Contractual Services $238.00 $213.00
Fixed Charges, Grants and Donations* 700.00 700.00
Total $938.00 $913.00
♦Note: State of Connecticut's contribution to the expenses of the commission.
STATE EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT
COMMISSION
i -U- ■ Basasa
Established— 1939
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Section 381
Chairman — Raymond F. Gates, Commandant of
Veterans Home and Hospital
Secretary — Fred R. Zeller, State Comptroller
Supervisor of retirement accounts — J. E. Wahl-
BERG
Central office — State Capitol, Room 503 ; Telephone.
7-6341
The State Employees' Retirement Commission, composed of five com-
missioners appointed by the Governor, administers the State Employees'
Retirement Fund, the Connecticut Municipal Employees' Fund and the Old-
Age and Survivors Insurance System which enables municipalities to par-
ticipate under this plan. One commissioner must be the executive head of
a state institution, another the executive head of a state department and a
third a subordinate employee of the state.
Present members of the Commission are : Colonel Raymond F. Gates,
commandant of the Veterans' Home and Hospital, who is chairman ; Henry
S. Beers, vice-president of the Aetna Life Insurance company ; James E.
Hoskins, actuary of the Travelers Insurance company ; Amalia M. Toro of
the office of Secretary of the State ; Fred R. Zeller, State Comptroller, who
is secretary of the commission. The commission has a full time executive
officer at the State Capitol with a staff of eleven employees to carry out
the necessary detail connected with this work.
The State Employees' Retirement Law was enacted by the 1939 Gen-
eral Assembly and became operative on September 1 of that year. The
purpose of this law is to provide a sound and efficient system for the pay-
73
74 STATE EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT COMMISSION
ment of retirement benefits to employees in the state service thereby (a)
assisting such employees to provide for themselves in case of old age or
permanent total disability, (b) effecting economy and efficiency in the public
service by furnishing an orderly means whereby such employees who have
become aged or incapacitated may, without hardship or prejudice, be retired
from active service.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
The general provisions of the act authorize the retirement of females
at the age of fifty and males at the age of fifty-five, if they have completed
twenty-five years of state service. State policemen may retire after twenty-
five years of service as a state policeman regardless of age. The retirement
allowance is computed on the basis of fifty percent of the average salary fur
the last five years of service, with two percent additional for each year over
the twenty-five years service. The compulsory retirement age for females is
sixty-five and for males, age seventy. After fifteen years of service, any
permanent disability which prevents the employee from rendering the ser-
vice in which he has been employed may result in retirement of the employee
at a minimum of fifty percent of his average salary for the five years next
preceding. Any such permanent disability which is due to an injury re-
ceived in the performanc of his duties is compensated for at a minimum of
fifty percent of the employee's salary at the time of the injury, regardless of
age or term of service. The law also provides, subject to regulations pre-
scribed by the Retirement Commission, for the assignment of a portion of
the retirement allowance to a surviving spouse in the event of the employee's
death after retirement or, under some circumstances, in the event of the
employee's death before retirement.
The 1951 General Assembly made the following changes in the general
provisions of the Act :
1. Permitted the averaging of the retirement salary on the basis of
the five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten years next preceding the
employee's retirement, whichever shall be most advantageous to the
employee. It also provided that each additional full month of service
over a whole year shall be added in computing the retirement salary.
2. Removed the restriction of Section 385 of the 1949 General Statutes
against retired employees accepting employment with the munici-
pality.
3. Permitted an employee to obtain service credit for any period or
periods of past state service for which under existing sections of
the act he cannot obtain such credit for retirement purposes, by
payment of contributions with interest on his yearly gross compen-
sation as of the date of his request.
4. Making the provisions of the optional form of reduced retirement
salary available to the spouse on the death of an employee who has
completed twenty-five years of service regardless of age and whose
election has been approved by the commission, either because the
employee has passed a health examination or because his election
has been on file for at least three years.
STATE EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT COMMISSION 75
5. Providing voluntary retirement for employees with at least fifteen
years of service after attaining the age of fifty-five for female em-
ployees and age 60 for male employees.
6. Permitting an employee retired by reason of disability to receive a
retirement salary while receiving an award for specific indemnity,
and any employee receiving a judgment for personal injuries may,
after reimbursing the state for all sums expended by it under the
Workmen's Compensation Act, receive a retirement salary if other-
wise entitled thereto.
7. Providing for the retention of positions until June 30, 1953 by em-
ployees who have reached the mandatory retirement age.
NUMBER NOW RETIRED
From September 1, 1939, to July 1, 1951, a total of 1,672 employees
have been retired from the state service and granted retirement allowances
under the Act.
Employees at the present time contribute four per cent of their salaries
to the Retirement Fund. When an employee leaves the service of the state,
he is permitted to withdraw the full amount of his contributions without
interest. A similar refund is made to the beneficiary of his estate at the
death of an employee. Half of all retirement allowances are paid out of the
Retirement Fund. The other half is paid by the state.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF RETIREMENT FUND
Year Ended September 1, 1939
June 30, 1950 to June 30, 1951
Employees Contributions $1,997,656.84 $11,773,567.33
Interest and investment earnings 149,944.13 679,820.12
2,147,600.97 12,453,387.45
Refunds at termination of employment or death 456,488.69 2,040,640.66
Half of retirement allowance paid by state 680,089.21 3,934,303.15
Balance in Retirement Fund, June 30, 1951 6,493,999.47
Half of retirement allowances paid by state 680,089.21 $ 3,934,303.15
Of the July 1, 1951 balance of $6,493,999.47 in the Retirement Fund,
$2,204,193.69 was invested in United States Government bonds and $4,-
289,805.78 in other securities under the provisions of the General Statutes
relating to investments of savings banks.
The provisions of the Retirement Act appear under Chapter 15, of
the General Statutes, Revision of 1949 as amended. A reprint of the Act in
pamphlet form is available at the office of the Retirement Commission,
Room 503, State Capitol.
MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT FUND
The Connecticut Municipal Employees' Retirement fund was created
by an Act of the 1945 General Assembly. The operation of the plan became
effective on July 1, 1946.
Any town, city, borough, county, school district, fire district or taxing
district may accept the plan for any or all departments, including elective
76 STATE EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT COMMISSION
officials if specified. All regular paid employees of the departments included,
and all paid elective officials if so specified, must become members in the
plan except those who are ineligible. No employee of an included depart-
ment has the option of remaining outside the plan. The ineligible employees
are ( 1 ) non-elective employees who will not have had 1 5 years of continu-
ous service prior to the compulsory retirement age; (2) teachers who are
or have been eligible for membership in the State Teachers' Retirement
Fund; and (3) employees eligible for membership in any pension plan
created by a special act.
In a municipality, other than a county, participation must be ap-
proved by the majority of the electors who vote on the ordinance or resolu-
tion by which the plan is accepted. In the case of a county, the governing
board, comprising its state representatives and senators, has the authority
to accept this plan.
The participating of a municipality begins on the first day of July at
least 90 days after official notice of its acceptance has been filed with the
Retirement Commission. 22 municipalities have elected to participate in
the plan as of July 1, 1951.
The municipality contributes an amount, which with the employees'
contributions of five per cent salary, will suffice to pay not merely current
retirement salaries but all future retirement salaries earned by reason of
service up to and including the present year. If a municipality should with-
draw from the plan, as it is permitted to do, future retirement salaries
earned by reason of past employment since the date of participation could
be paid without further contribution by either the municipality or the
employees.
Contribution by the municipalities on account of service rendered after
the effective date of participation is a percentage of salaries which is uniform
for the entire system and at the present time is seven per cent, this being
in addition to the five per cent contribution by employees. Contribution by
the municipality on account of service prior to the date of participation is
at a rate which varies with each municipality, depending on the number of
employees, their salaries, ages and length of service.
Any member who has had 15 years of continuous service will be eligible
for retirement on attaining the age of 60 years if employed as a policeman
or fireman, or 65 years if employed in any other capacity. Periods of ab-
sence of not more than 90 days in any one calendar year, and certain other
leaves of absence, will not be considered as breaking a continuity of service.
An elective official who has attained the age of retirement can substitute for
15 years of continuous service, 25 years of non-continuous service.
Any member who has completed at least ten years of continuous ser-
vice will be eligible for a retirement allowance if he becomes permanently
and totally disabled from engaging in any gainful employment in the service
of the municipality. If the disability arises out of and in the course of his
employment as defined in the Workmen's Compensation Act he will be
eligible for retirement irrespective of his term of employment.
A member, except an elective officer, can be retired at any time after
he has become eligible for retirement on the recommendation of the gov-
erning body of the municipality by which he is employed. Any member,
STATE EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT COMMISSION 77
except an elective officer, who has attained the age of 65 years if employed
as a policeman or fireman, or the age of 70 years if employed in any other
capacity, must be retired on the day following the attainment of such age.
Retirement is not mandatory, however, until at least three years after the
municipality entered the plan.
After retirement, a member will receive a retirement allowance pay-
able monthly at an annual rate amounting to one and two-thirds per cent
of his average annual pay for the ten years preceding retirement, multiplied
by the number of years of his service.
No retirement allowance will be less than $360 annually and none
greater than two-thirds of the member's average salary for the five years
preceding his retirement.
The city of Bridgeport in the 1949 General Assembly, was granted
special legislation which provides two per cent for each year of service on
retirement and computes the allowance on the last five years of service,
the minimum retirement allowance being $720 annually. The additional
costs for the special benefits are borne in full by the City of Bridgeport.
The 1951 General Assembly passed further legislation for the City of
Bridgeport which reduced the minimum age for retirement from age 65 to
age 60. It also provided that employees retired prior to the passage of
Special Act No. 509 in the 1949 General Assembly shall hereafter receive
a retirement allowance at a rate in accordance with the provisions of
Special Act No. 509.
The retirement allowance in the case of a disability arising out of and
in the course of employment, as defined in the Workman's Compensation
Act, will not be less than 50 per cent of the member's annual pay at the
time of the disability.
As of July 1, 1951, 68 employees of participating municipalities have
retired on their own application by reason of length of service, 10 employees
by reason of disability and 45 employees who had reached the compulsory
age for retirement.
OLD-AGE AND SURVIVORS INSURANCE SYSTEM
The 1951 General Assembly passed Sections 176b to 183b, 1951 cumu-
lative supplement enabling municipalities to participate in the Old-Age and
Survivors Insurance System under Title II of the Social Security Act, as
amended. This plan which became effective June 12, 1951, will permit
employees of municipalities whose positions are not covered by an existing
retirement plan to participate in the benefits of the system. A municipality
is defined as to mean any county, town, consolidated town and borough,
borough, fire district, school district, housing authority or other municipal
association created by special law or by general law or an instrumentality
of any of these, if such instrumentality is a distinct juristic entity legally
separate from any of the above and its employees are not, through this
relation, employees of one of the above.
Any municipality of the state which does not maintain a retirement
system for all its employees may, by vote of the legislative body, and with
the approval of the Commission, apply for membership. After a munici-
78 STATE EMPLOYEES' RETIREMENT COMMISSION
pality has been accepted by the Commission, an agreement is executed be-
tween the commission and the municipality describing in detail all condi-
tions which must be fulfilled to meet the applicable requirements of the
Federal Social Security Law, including a stipulation that the cost to the
state of administering this act shall be paid by the municipality and appor-
tioned among them quarterly, by the commission in the ratio which each
municipality's quarterly total payment to the system bears to the total pay-
ments of all municipalities made in the same quarter.
Several municipalities have already made application for membership
under the plan and the commission has adopted regulations governing the
procedure to be followed by municipalities in entering and maintaining
membership in the system.
COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
Established — As Inter-racial Commission, July
1943; as Commission on Civil Rights, July, 1951.
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 7400 through 7407
Administrative head — Frank T. Simpson, Execu-
tive Secretary
Central office — 500 Capitol Avenue, Hartford ; Tele-
phone 7-6341, Ext. 750
Average number of full time employees — 14
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
$66,463.62
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $65,229.07.
Capital outlay, $634.46.
■tiiBmiMiMw — . Organisational Structure — Ten member commis-
— — — ii m imniiw^ sion organized into committees: Conciliation and
mmmm^mmmZTmnmm^ Enforcement, Research, Intergroup Relations and
"""■■ ■'""" ' Public Information, Operations. Staff organized
into 3 divisions : Conciliation and Enforcement, Intergroup Relations and
Public Information, Research.
INTRODUCTION
The establishment in 1943 of the Connecticut State Commission on
Civil Rights (then known as the Inter-racial Commission) was a significant
step because, for the first time, an agency in this state was created whose
special concern was the safeguarding of the civil rights established under
our laws and the developing of better group relations in our communities.
Through legislation enacted both prior and subsequent to the creation
of the Commission, everyone in Connecticut has been legally granted equal
opportunity without discrimination, segregation or refusal in employment,
public education, public housing, service in our National Guard, in places
of public accommodation, in voting and in constitutional and legal rights.
The Commission on Civil Rights has been designated by statute to adminis-
ter the Fair Employment Practices act and the Public Accommodations
statute which includes the public housing provision. These laws contain
legal sanctions to curb wilful violation of their intents and purposes.
In the areas of employment, housing and public accommodations, spe-
cific and significant progress has been made during the fiscal year 1950-1951.
79
80 COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
Job opportunities have been opened in areas previously closed to or limited
in their acceptance of minority workers, particularly Negroes. The concilia-
tion efforts of the Commission proved successful in almost every instance
where complaints were registered in those activities covered by law which
are implemented by potential sanctions for violations.
The status of civil rights in Connecticut, however, indicates that much
remains to be accomplished. Minority persons find that discrimination still
serves as a barrier to equal job opportunities. Patterns of segregation in
some public housing projects and systematic exclusion in others still exist.
The use of the "gentleman's agreement," with its exclusion of persons of
certain races and religions, is still prevalent in resort accommodations. In
activities not specifically covered by law, such as private schools, barber
shops and private housing, discriminatory practices are widespread and
overt. Satisfactory adjustments of complaints received in areas not covered
by law are too infrequent.
Discrimination has become more subtle using quota systems, token
placements and other subterfuges as techniques to conceal the fact that the
spirit, as well as the letter, of the law is being circumvented.
A wide gap, then, still exists between people professing adherence to the
principles of equality and group harmony and the translating of these broad
accepted principles into behavior and attitudes consistent with them.
This report is designed to show the nature and extent of the Commis-
sion's efforts to deal with these problems in the State of Connecticut in ful-
fillment of its statutory obligations.
ORGANIZATION
The Commission on Civil Rights is made up of ten members, two of
whom are appointed each year by the Governor for five year terms. These
Commissioners serve without compensation. The Commission elects its offi-
cers and determines its organizational setup. Acting as a unit or through
its committees, it guides and directs the activities of its staff. All policy deci-
sions are made by the Commission as a whole.
Commission members with their place of residence and the expiration
dates of their appointments are : Rabbi Morris Silverman, chairman, Hart-
ford (1956) ; Mrs. Patricia K. Ritter, deputy chairman, Hartford (1954) ;
The Rt. Rev. Msgr. Joseph M. Griffin, secretary, Meriden (1952); Dr.
Allen F. Jackson, assistant secretary, Hartford (1955) ; David N. Beach,
D. C, New Haven (1952) ; Mrs. Sara T. Lovelace, Waterbury (1956) ;
Dr. Carter L. Marshall, New Haven (1953) ; Ray O'Connor, Bridgeport
(1955) ; Elmo Roper, West Redding (1954) ; Attorney William S. Zeman,
West Hartford (1953).
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Neither education nor legislation, by themselves alone, can adequately
cope with the many complex problems involved in prejudice and discrimina-
tion. There are a host of psychological, sociological, economic, historical and
group forces which operate, some serving to lessen the problems and others
to intensify them. The Commission, as a state agency, can deal only with
COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS 81
certain phases of the situation and can operate only within the limits of cer-
tain accepted procedures.
Attitudes and behavior of individuals and groups are molded by the
standards of society, by the standards of the various groups and by the in-
dividual's experiences. From these have come the patterns of acting and
thinking of the individuals and groups which make up our society. Where
these appear to be contrary to the precepts established as desirable by the
American system of values, changes can be made, and are being made, both
through education and through legislation. The experience of the Commis-
sion has shown that the most fruitful results are obtained where education,
conciliation, discussion and legislation operate to reinforce each other in
dealing with a specific problem.
It is not the intent of the civil rights laws that the largest number of
possible cases be prosecuted but rather that all persons regardless of race,
religion or ancestry receive fair and equal consideration in employment op-
portunities and in use of public places.
On the other hand, when an investigation of a complaint is begun, the
utmost effort is made to close the case as speedily as possible so as to give
the complainant the consideration to which he is entitled and at the same
time to prevent resentments and antagonisms from building up.
The Commission is obligated to conduct objective investigations, to go
thoroughly into the facts as stated by both sides and to draw conclusions
only from the evidence uncovered by the investigation.
The three public hearings which have been held under the provisions
of the Fair Employment Practices act have done much to clarify, in the
minds of the people of Connecticut, the purpose and operation of Fair Em-
ployment Practices legislation. Firstly, they have served to highlight the
usual pattern by which all but three of the 254 complaints have been set-
tled through investigation, conference and conciliation. Secondly, the Com-
mission has succeeded in correcting the idea that it acts as judge, jury and
prosecutor. The decisions of the hearing tribunals in finding for the com-
plainant on two occasions and in finding for the respondent on another has
given assurance that the law has been scrupulously fair in safeguarding the
interests of all.
The Commission devotes much attention to the prevention of potential
discrimination. Prior to the summer season, for example, field representa-
tives made visits to many resort hotels and tourist cabins to be certain that
the owners were aware of their obligations under the Public Accommoda-
tions statute. Public housing authorities throughout the state have been
contacted and informed of the state law forbidding discrimination in hous-
ing and of the Commission's responsibility in carrying out these provisions.
After settlement, complaints are followed up. In those instances where
the complaint of discrimination is not substantiated, the complainant is
informed of the progress and results of the investigation so as to dispel his
suspicions and to prevent him and his friends from retaining an unfounded
belief of discrimination where such is not the case. In instances where dis-
criminatory charges are substantiated against firms having more than one
outlet in the state, they are directed to inform all their units in Connec-
ticut of the fact that a non-discriminatory policy should prevail.
The Commission, after careful consideration, last year adopted the
82 COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
policy that in cases where the allegation of discrimination was substantiated
by the evidence, the only adjustment which could be considered as satis-
factory would be one in which the complainant was hired in the position
he or she sought or in one of equivalent compensation, responsibility and
authority. This was deemed the proper way to discharge the commission's
responsibility to the person discriminated against in accord with the intent
of the Fair Employment Practices law.
The Commission through its Human Relations Resource Book and its
Human Relations Program Guide is now utilizing the public and college
libraries as key points in the dissemination of information to the public
about the nature of the Commission, the work of the agency and of the
more valuable materials on intergroup relations. In a similar way the
Resource File on Human Relations has been made available, on request, to
every junior and senior high school library in the state.
The Research Division has concentrated on the development of studies
which will more adequately describe such patterns of discrimination as
might exist in our state and the attitudes of persons toward these patterns.
The results of current research projects will prove of great value in guiding
the work of the other divisions in their efforts to reduce prejudice and dis-
crimination.
REPORT OF THE DIVISION OF CONCILIATION AND
ENFORCEMENT
As in past years, the large majority of all complaints of alleged viola-
tions of civil rights under these laws during 1950-51 were filed by Negroes
with most of the remaining complaints being made by Jews. These percent-
ages do not necessarily reflect accurately the proportion to which these
groups are discriminated against as compared to others. Informal studies
made by the Commission show that the above two groups are more aware of
the provisions of civil rights legislation than are other racial, religious or
ethnic groups in our population. Negroes in particular, finding employment
opportunities open to them being limited and that discrimination is more
overt, are more ready to turn to the Commission for assistance.
During the year a total of 202 complaints of all types were filed with
the Commission. These include :
85 alleged violations of the Fair Employment Practices act
35 alleged violations of the Public Accommodations statute
(including 26 complaints of discrimination in housing)
82 complaints of alleged discrimination of types where no legal
prohibitions of such acts exist.
The increase in. the number of complaints over previous years is not
necessarily due to an increase in discrimination but more probably reflects
an increasing public awareness of the civil rights statutes in Connecticut.
The expansion of industry due to increased defense orders has resulted
in an increase in the number of Negroes, particularly women, seeking to
move from lower paying jobs into these industries. This is reflected in the
sharp rise in complaints of alleged discrimination in employment of Negro
women.
COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS 83
The basic thesis that conciliation is the most satisfactory method of
settling complaints, when thorough investigation has substantiated the allega-
tion of discrimination, has continued to be feasible. Only three public hear-
ings have been necessary under the F.E.P.A. out of a total of 254 complaints
filed since 1947. Under the Public Accommodations Statute, failure to satis-
factorily conciliate has occurred in only two instances out of 76 complaints
made since the Commission was authorized to administer the statute.
FAIR EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES
The Fair Employment Practices Act declares that it shall be unlawful
for employers, employment agencies and labor organizations to discriminate
on the basis of race, color, religious creed, national origin or ancestry except
where such requirements are bona fide occupational qualifications. Among
the practices which are forbidden by this statute are discrimination in hiring,
in job referral, in conditions of employment, in compensation, in discharging
and in labor organization membership. Employers of less than five persons
are exempted from the provisions of this act.
In 1950, the Connecticut Superior Court reaffirmed, with only a minor
modification, the order of the hearing tribunal to cease and desist from
discriminating because of race in hiring in the case of Draper vs. Clark Dairy
(17 Conn. Sup. 93). In 1951, a tribunal substantiated the position of the
Commission that a union discriminated because of race in refusing to admit
two Negroes to membership (Tilley vs. Local 35, International Brotherhood
of Electrical Workers : Stewart vs. Local 35, International Brotherhood of
Electrical Workers) and issued an order to cease and desist from such dis-
crimination. The union has appealed this decision to the Superior Court.
This is the first instance of a charge of labor organization discrimination
ever being tried before a statutory body in the history of Fair Employment
Practices legislation although 10 states other than Connecticut now prohibit
discrimination by labor organizations. Another hearing tribunal, also in 1951,
ruled that sufficient evidence was not presented to support the Commission's
claim that discrimination in hiring existed in the complaint of Young vs.
Travelers Insurance Company and ordered the charge dismissed. The tri-
bunal informed the respondent, however, that "we are well aware that the
Fair Employment Act applies not only to lesser administrative posts but
also to positions in higher categories." They concluded with the warning
that "were qualified Negroes to continue to be by-passed for semi-profes-
sional and professional positions it might well be necessary to re-examine
the respondent's employment policy in light of this fact."
PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS
Summer resorts of various types and tourist cabins continue to be the
major problem as far as the acceptance of all groups in public places is
concerned.
Outright refusal to furnish accommodations is not the technique most
frequently used to discriminate. A more subtle approach is used to discourage
Jewish or Negro patronage. Advertising literature or letters to prospective
guests from establishments wishing to exclude persons of certain racial or
religious categories contain such phrases as "restricted clientele," "gentile
84 COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
clientele," "Christian clientele" or "Christian management." Although such
terms indicate only that Jewish patronage is not wanted, experience has
taught Negroes that places which have restrictions against Jews most cer-
tainly do not desire Negro patrons.
In every instance where complaints against usage of this type of ad-
vertising or communication has been received, the Commission has requested
that such use be discontinued and has received compliance.
Hotels, tourist cabins and summer resorts wishing to refuse accommo-
dations to Negroes do so through the excuse of being "all filled up."
In urban eating places, however, there have been fewer complaints this
year of refusal to serve Negroes. This appears to indicate an increasing
willingness to comply with the law. The violations which do occur are usually
confined to small neighborhood taverns or restaurants.
HOUSING
Twenty-six complaints alleging racial discrimination in public or state
subsidized housing were filed during the past year.
Those complaints, made by persons against public housing authorities,
alleged that they had been refused tenancy or, if already housed, had been
denied larger units because of their race. In all instances where investigation
disclosed that the complainants met income requirements and other housing
authority standards of tenant selection, the complainants were either given
living quarters or assured that they would be admitted in the proper order
as established by the rules of the particular housing authority.
One of the most difficult problems the Commission has encountered in
administering the public housing statute has been the breaking down of
previously established patterns of segregation in housing projects set up
before the anti-discrimination law was passed. In some cases, projects were
set up separately for Negroes and whites ; in others Negroes and whites
lived in the same project but Negroes were segregated in one section of the
development ; in other instances, Negroes were admitted only to the less
desirable projects.
The record of changes of discriminatory policy in existing public hous-
ing projects has been spotty. In some projects integration of Negroes and
whites is well under way while in other projects in these same cities segre-
gation and discrimination are still present.
The Commission recognizes that, to be successful, integration of whites
and Negroes in all public housing projects will require a program not only
of occupancy redistribution but also tenant re-education. Nevertheless, since
the law has been in effect for two years, the Commission believes that ample
time has been given to various authorities to plan such a program and are
currently requesting local housing authorities to inform the Commission of
the programs which they have formulated to correct the situations which
may exist and to state a definite date as to when these programs will com-
mence.
In Meriden, Middletown, Danbury, New Britain, Ansonia, Greenwich
and Stamford, where new public housing projects were opened to tenants
during this reporting period, Negro tenants were admitted to all these
projects on an integrated basis for the first time. Several other local housing
COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS 85
authorities in the state have projects under construction which will be ready
for occupancy during the coming year. These authorities have assured the
Commission that they will also follow a non-discriminatory tenant selection
and placement policy.
OTHER COMPLAINTS
Eighty-two complaints were registered with the Commission during the
last fiscal year which either did not come under the jurisdiction of the Public
Accommodations and Fair Employment Practices laws or alleged some form
of racial, religious or nationality discrimination in areas including private
housing, educational opportunities, newspaper articles and newspaper ad-
vertisements.
In a number of these instances, employment complaints were filed
against respondents not covered by the F.E.P. law, such as those who
employ less than five persons and the Federal government. Also included
are complaints of the use of questions inquiring as to race, religion or na-
tionality on application forms or the asking of such questions by employ-
ment interviewers
Complaints in the field of private housing involve the refusal to sell
houses or lots to prospective purchasers because of their race or religion. The
Commission has had little success in solving this type of complaint, although
it does endeavor to persuade the real estate agent or owners to change
their attitudes.
Until real estate agents and property owners as a whole can be made
to understand why the same standards of desirability should be applied to
all tenants and buyers irrespective of race, religion or nationality very little
progress can be made in meeting this problem.
Occasionally, an employment advertisement will appear in a newspaper,
specifying that an applicant be of a particular religion, nationality or race
where such is in no way a bona fide occupational qualification. Also, from
time to time, an ad appears noting a restricted real estate development. The
Commission has received excellent cooperation from all Connecticut news-
papers in discouraging people from endeavoring to place this type of ad-
vertisement.
Complaints have also been made concerning the unnecessary use of
racial designations in news stories. In endeavoring to correct this situation,
the Commission has worked closely with the other eastern states which have
commissions against discrimination as many of these stories are carried by
national news services.
The vast majority of the local newspapers in Connecticut have co-
operated with the Commission in this matter. By instructing their staffs to
delete racial designations wherever these are not pertinent to the news story,
they have virtually eliminated unnecessary usage of such racial identifications
in their papers. Other news publications and news services, however, are
still persisting in their use of this type of reporting.
86 COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
SUMMARY— TOTAL F.E.P. COMPLAINTS MADE TO THE
COMMISSION
Complaints Filed (Complainants)
May 15, 1947 July 1, 1950
to to
June 30, 1951 June 30, 1951
By individuals 230 82
By Commission 24 3
By employers 0 0
Total 254 85
Status of Complaints
Dismissed 218 68
Lack of Jurisdiction 2 1
Withdrawn at request of
complainant 8 4
Withdrawn by Commission 5 1
No adjustment possible —
respondent out of state 1 0
Awaiting decision of hearing
tribunals* 3 3
Under investigation 17 8
Total 254 85
*The decisions on these cases were handed down after the above reporting
period and will be found in the section on "Fair Employment Practices."
Disposition of Dismissed Complaints
Satisfactorily adjusted — complainant
employed, re-employed or referred
for employment 96 42
Discriminatory Practice Eliminated
No individual complainant or com-
plainant unavailable 35 4
Total 131 131 46 46
No evidence of alleged discrimination 87 87 22 22
Total dismissed 218 68
RESEARCH DIVISION
Research on problems involving intergroup relations was given added
impetus by the Commission in 1949 with the creation of a separate research
division. The Commission felt the need for objective fact-finding in an area
of human relations where the understanding and control of discriminatory
actions needed to be clearly separated from rumors and mis-statements of
fact concerning such practices. Arequate research could provide the Com-
mission with another tool, in addition to education, conciliation and law
enforcement, for serving all groups regardless of whether their members
were justly aggrieved or falsely accused of discriminatory acts.
EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES STUDY
The educational practices study is concerned with the degree of success
achieved by representatives of all racial, nationality, and religious groups
COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS 87
in being admitted to colleges of their choice. The private non-denominational
colleges in Connecticut contended that the comparison of acceptance rates
in the Commission's study was based on an insufficient number of cases. In
order to clarify this situation, the Commission agreed to and is making a
re-study of college applications made by high school graduates of the classes
of 1949 and 1950 which will include a larger and more representative num-
ber of applicants.
Questionnaires have been sent to all of the graduates of the classes of
1949 and 1950 in twenty-five Connecticut high schools who made applica-
tion to some institution of higher learning. On the basis of returns received
to date from these graduates, the completed study will include an analysis
of about 6,000 applications made to colleges both within and outside the
State. The Commission feels that an evaluation of the findings of this study,
combined with earlier studies made by the Connecticut Commission and
other public and private agencies outside the State, should provide an
accurate basis for determining whether members of all groups have equal
opportunity in being admitted to colleges of their choice.
DIVISION OF INTERGROUP RELATIONS AND
PUBLIC INFORMATION
The work of the division of intergroup relations and public information
lies in four areas. (1) It seeks to inform the people of Connecticut of the
existence of the Commission on Civil Rights and of the nature of its work ;
(2) it seeks to promote better intercultural understanding through consulta-
tion services to groups, organizations and individuals; (3) it serves as a
distributor of materials dealing with human relations and with the Connecti-
cut State Commission on Civil Rights, and (4) it participates actively in
the programs of both private and public groups throughout the State by
providing speakers and discussion persons.
STATE-WIDE AGENCIES
Virtually all the work with state-wide agencies was problem consulta-
tion. These organizations included other state agencies such as the Depart-
ment of Education and the Welfare Department. In addition, problem con-
sultation took place, in some cases on a state-wide basis and in other in-
stances on a local chapter basis, with groups such as the Anti-Defamation
League of B'Nai Brith, the National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People, the Connecticut Welfare Council, the Connecticut Council
of Churches, Parent-Teacher Associations, the American Jewish Committee,
the American Jewish Congress, the Connecticut Committee on Civil Rights,
the Connecticut Council of Catholic Women, school systems and classes,
college classes, individual churches and many others.
COMMISSION PUBLICATIONS
The Human Relations Program Guide was an especially noteworthy
project. This is an 80 page booklet designed to aid those groups wishing to
have meetings and programs on various phases of human relations. In addi-
tion to discussing group discussion techniques, this booklet has outlines of
88 COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
sample meetings for labor, management, youth, men, and women's groups.
It is distributed on a loan through the public libraries of the state.
A Selected List of Human Relations Films lists films dealing with
human relations and contains a brief description of each.
A new periodic publication, entitled "Spotlight on Civil Rights" will
be issued quarterly replacing the "Newsletter" and the "Connecticut Inter-
racial Survey" published in former years.
PRESS AND RADIO
The Commission was instrumental in having a series of one minute
films dealing with human relations presented on WNHC-TV New Haven.
The Commission jointly presented, in cooperation with the Hartford
Round Table of the National Conference of Christians and Jews, a series
of 13 radio programs entitled "Together Triumphant !" over Station
WTHT, Hartford. This series presented the human relations activities of
14 religious and social agencies, both private and public.
ADDITIONAL COMMISSION RESOURCES
The film "Our Town is the World," the record series "Stories to Re-
member" and the film strip "Two Thirds of the World" were purchased.
Additional copies of four other films were bought to meet the demands for
their use.
Twenty new pamphlets were purchased in quantity by the Commission.
These are being distributed on a loan basis primarily through the Human
Relations Resource Book, and the Resources File on Intcrcultural Materials.
The actual extent to which prejudices exist toward the various com-
ponents of our population is not as yet measurable in concrete terms. The
Commission has found it necessary to rely heavily on fragmentary data, on
impressions gained from contacts with various individuals in the communi-
ties of this state and on the nature of complaints made to the Commission.
The problem in respect to the actual extent of discrimination is similar
although civil rights complaints do give more accurate indications of the
nature and extent of discrimination in Connecticut.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The act which sets up the powers and responsibilities of the Commission,
requires that it submit recommendations for changes in the law which it
believes necessary to correct and improve discriminatory conditions in Con-
necticut. In its last annual report, the Commission had made a number of
recommendations of legislative changes which it believed would increase the
effective administration of the existing civil rights laws of Connecticut and
would extend legislative jurisdiction into areas not now covered by law
where discriminatory acts exists. A number of bills incorporating all these
suggested changes were presented by various members of the legislature to
the General Assembly. One bill, which changed the name of this agency
from the "Inter-racial Commission" to the "Commission on Civil Rights"
was passed.
The Commission recommends that Section 7406 of the Fair Employ-
COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS 89
merit Practices Act, which provides that a hearing tribunal may issue a
cease and desist order in the event that they find a respondent has engaged
in an unfair employment practice, should also empower the tribunal to issue
affirmative orders including, but not limited to hiring, reinstatement or up-
grading of employees with or without back pay or admission or restoration
to membership in any respondent labor organization as, in the judgment of
the tribunal, will effectuate the purposes of this law. These powers are
granted to hearing boards in labor relations cases under the provisions of
the Connecticut Labor Relations Act (Section 7394).
This change is necessary for more effective administration of the law.
Without provisions for affirmative action, hiring, back pay or reinstatement,
it is not possible to give the complainant equitable treatment in the event an
unfair employment practice has occurred. Without a provision for pay lost
to the complainant as a result of a proven discriminatory practice, the re-
spondent may needlessly postpone the reaching of a settlement.
The Public Accommodations Statute (Sections 691A-692A 1949 Sup-
plement) should also be amended. At present, the definition of places of
public accommodation is specifically limited to places of amusement, lodging,
eating, drinking and common carriers. All persons regardless of race, religion
or national origin, should have equal access to all types of public places not
merely certain types of public places. The standard to be used in determining
if an establishment falls under the classification of place of public accommo-
dation should be whether it is or is not an establishment which caters to or
is dependent on the patronage of the general public and not upon what type
of public place it is.
It is essential in correcting public accommodation situations involving
discriminatory policies which affect an entire group, such as segregation or
separation, that the Commission be empowered to initiate complaints under
the Public Accommodations statute. The Commission already has the author-
ity to initiate complaints when infraction of the Fair Employment Practices
Act is involved. The fact that less than 10% of all complaints under F.E.P.A.
have been initiated by the Commission is an indication that the Commission
has not abused this perogative nor applied it indiscriminately.
The Commission, on the basis of studies made and complaints received
during the last five years and in view of the statement on fair education
practices, unanimously adopted on January 31, 1951 by the commissioners
(the complete text of this can be obtained by. writing to the Commission)
recommends that legislation be adopted which will assure all qualified per-
sons, irrespective of race, national origin or religious affiliation of equal
opportunity for admission to private educational institutions whether of a
cultural or vocational nature. Laws similar to this, with proper exemptions
allowed for schools of a sectarian nature, have been effectively administered
in Massachusetts, New York and New Jersey.
A bill was introduced in the 1951 legislature amending the Public Ac-
commodations statute to include all types of state subsidized housing in the
act. At present, only public housing projects are directly covered. The Com-
mission believes that a provision permitting a direct approach by this
agency when public funds are involved will do much to speed up the proc-
essing of complaints alleging discrimination in all types of state subsidized
housing.
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
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Established — January 1, 1951
Statutory authority — P. A. No. 4 of the Public
Acts of the Special Session of the General As-
sembly March, 1950
Administrative head — Ralph G. Macy, Commis-
sioner
Central office — State Office Bldg., Room 491,
Hartford; Telephone 7-6341; Ext. 2442
Average number of full-time employees — 290
Organisation structure — Real Assets Division,
Housing Division, Capitol & Grounds Division,
Lease Division
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT— REAL ASSETS DIVISION
The Real Assets Division from July 1, 1950 to December 31, 1950
was a Division under the office of the State Comptroller. Under Public
Act No. 4 of the Public Acts of the special session of the General Assembly,
March 1950, a Public Works Department was established January 1, 1951,
and the functions of this division were transferred to the Public Works
Department.
This division is responsible for construction and planning of all capital
improvements undertaken by the state except highway and bridge con-
struction.
SCOPE OF PROGRAM
Construction work during the fiscal year included new buildings and
major maintenance projects involving expenditure of approximately
$40,000,000.
90
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT 91
These projects were financed by 1949 legislation involving the follow-
ing bond issues and other appropriations :
Humane and Welfare Institutions
Fire Prevention
University of Connecticut
*$3,200,000 of this amount is a
$15,000,000
2,000,000
* 8,200,000
a special appropriation.
Vocational-Technical Schools
Teachers' Colleges
Aeronautics Department
Other appropriations involving
7,200,000
4,250,000
2,200,000
miscellaneous maintenance projects 3,000,000
CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS
Major construction contracts let during the fiscal year ending June
30, 1951 included:
1. Humane & Welfare Institutions
New Power Plants at Connecticut State Hospital (Middletown) and
Norwich State Hospital. New Laundry Buildings at these two institutions.
A major addition to the laundry at Fairfield State Hospital. Physicians'
residences at Connecticut State Hospital, Cedarcrest Sanatorium and
Uncas-on-Thames Sanatorium.
Employees' Residence buildings at Cedarcrest and Laurel Heights
Sanatorium.
2. University oj Connecticut, Storrs
New buildings for the University : auditorium, student activities build-
ing, animal industries and dairy manufacturing building, additions to agri-
cultural industries building, College of Pharmacy building, new Adminis-
tration building, additions to heating plant.
3. Department oj Education
Vocational technical school at Bridgeport, arts and science building,
New Britain Teachers' College.
4. Department oj Aeronautics
New Terminal building at Bradley Field, Windsor Locks.
5. Regional Marketing Authority — Hartjord
Regional Market buildings at Hartford.
6. Fire prevention and maintenance
Approximately sixty (60) small maintenance projects, and fire pre-
vention construction contracts were let at various institutions throughout
the fiscal year.
In addition to the above named construction projects, supervision of
former contracts, financed by earlier funds, occupied a considerable part
of the time of the field inspection staff.
PLANNING
Final plans by outside architects and engineers and by the design
staff of the division for the bulk of the remainder of the projects financed
by 1949 Bond Issues and appropriations were completed during the past
fiscal year.
92 PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
Long range plans to determine the future needs of the institutions
have likewise been completed through the preliminary plan stage for about
eighty (80) separate projects. These have been used for the budgeting of
1951 funds forming the basis for the new and expanded construction
program of 1951-1953.
In addition to services provided for specific projects as noted above,
the real assets division assisted the leasing division in estimating and
planning office spaces and alterations to leased buildings, and also provided
engineering services and recommendations to institutions and other agencies
as. to economical use of utilities. It assisted the other agencies in making
up their budgets for building projects and spent considerable time in
consultation with state agencies on maintenance questions.
It is estimated that some $810,000 is to be expended during the present
biennium for personal services, the greater portion of this expenditure to
be derived from fees for construction projects processed by the Public
Works Department for the various budgeted agencies.
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT— HOUSING DIVISION
Established — 1951 Successor to Connecticut State Housing Authority.
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revision, Chapter 53, as
amended by Public Act 4, Special Session, March 1950.
Administrative head — Ralph G. Macy, Public Works Commissioner ;
Albert C. Demers, Assistant Public Works Commissioner for Housing.
Office— 500 Capitol Avenue, Hartford; Telephone 5-2165.
Employees— 62— June 30, 1950, 41— June 30, 1951.
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Appropriation Expenditures
General Fund $24,682.00 $10,853.00
Home Ownership 108,240.00 88,121.00
Rental Housing 252,885.00 206,337.00
Total $385,807.00 $305,311.00
Organization structure — Office of the assistant commissioner in charge of
housing, rental housing section, home ownership section, auditing sec-
tion, housing offices services section, building code section.
For the period July 1, 1950-January 3, 1951, the Connecticut State
Housing Authority policies were established by five Commissioners ap-
pointed by the Governor and confirmed by the General Assembly, and
administration was by an Administrator in accordance with Chapter 53 of
the General Statutes.
On January 3, 1951, the functions of the Connecticut State Housing
Authority were transferred to the Public Works Department under the
Public Works Commissioner in accordance with Public Act 4, Special
Session, March 1950.
Reorganization of the housing division has made it possible to reduce
costs of operation by approximately $110,000 per year, $77,000 per year
being in personnel services.
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT 93
Status of Moderate Rental Program
As of June 30, 1951, the progress of the program has been as follows :
July 1-June30
Planning
Construction
Completed
for year
Completed
to date
1947-1948
1948-1949
1949-1950
1950-1951
932
1,227
1,402
48
103
1,582
2,888
2,477
0
140
1,522
1,803
0
140
1,662
3,465
Over 12,900 persons were housed with an average income per family
of $3,081 per year and an average shelter rent of $43.40 per month. Ap-
proximately 90% of the tenants are veterans.
Public Act 178 authorized $50,000,000 additional funds for moderate
rental housing. Approximately 10,000 rental dwelling units to house ap-
proximately 37,000 persons will be the final accomplishment under the
$115,000,000 authorization to date.
Cooperating with the state in the program are 31 housing authorities
with 155 unpaid public spirited commissioners and their paid staffs.
Income limits for occupancy of moderate rental units were changed
in March 1951. $3,500 plus $300 for each dependent, excluding veterans
disability payments, was made necessary because of inequities resulting
from the previous formula of 6 times shelter rent plus $300 for each de-
pendent.
Public Act 1 1, Special Session, March 1950 provided for a state service
charge to local housing authorities constructing and managing moderate
rental projects. The service charge of l/2 of 1% under development and
1/10 of 1% under management is designed to absorb the cost to the state
Public Works Department — housing division of administering and super-
vising the state's interest in loans made to local housing authorities.
Interest rates charged a Local Authority on loans made for construc-
tion of a project are the same as that paid by the State.
Interest rates have ranged from .454 % as of 9-15-49 to 1.122% as of
1-2-51 with an average rate over all loans of 1.0664%.
Status of the Home Ownership Program
June 30, 1951
At its special session of September 1950, the General Assembly en-
acted Public Act No. 1 effective September 19, 1950, appropriating an
additional $30,000,000 for the Home Ownership program and provided
that this sum should be committed in full by December 31, 1950. The entire
$60,000,000 appropriated for the Home Ownership program was com-
mitted by the December 31, 1950 statutory deadline, either in the form of
construction loans or insured market agreements with operative builders or
combination construction-permanent or permanent loans to individuals.
First on July 19, 1950 and later on October 12, 1950, federal mortgage
credit regulations became operative which affected the mortgage loan ap-
plications made to the state in that under the July regulation in effect
brought about the necessity of a 5% cash downpayment in the case of vet-
eran purchasers and the October regulation boosted that requirement to an
94 PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
average minimum of 12^%. Only a small portion of the state's mortgage
loan commitments were affected by the October federal credit regulation.
As of June 31, 1951, the home ownership program had provided
completed homes for 3,570 moderate-income families and operative builders
under contract with the state, as of the same date, had under construction
2,218 additional units, and individual builders with contracts to construct
homes for individual certificate holders had under construction 262 units.
The $60,000,000 legislative authorization will provide 6,050 homes of
moderate cost construction for state eligible home seekers. Up to June 30,
1951, 4,508 individual mortgage loan applications had been approved.
Operative builders under contract with the state through construction
mortgage loans or insured market agreements, in 73 cases, have agreed to
build 3,241 units. The remaining 2,809 units being built under the program
are built by individual builders who have private contracts with mortgage
applicants or who are constructing homes for sale to certificate holders.
STATE BUILDING CODE
The building code Advisory committee completed the compilation of
an eighty-page code which is realistically geared to the needs of the smaller
towns. The code is based upon the Basic Code of the Building Officials
Conference of America — a nationally recognized code that has been devel-
oped with the best of engineering talent and practical building code experi-
ence. It contains, by reference to the Basic Code, comprehensive and na-
tionally recognized regulations to cover the unusual conditions that are
bound to develop in smaller communities. The final draft of this small code
is now being prepared for release.
By the end of June, the following eleven towns had adopted the 1947
Edition of the State Building Code : Stamford, Milford, Plainville, Farm-
ington, Rockville, Simsbury, New London, Glastonbury, Rocky Hill, Easton
and Vernon.
Sixteen towns, which now have codes, are considering adoption of the
new code upon its publication. About thirty other towns, which have no
building regulations, are studying the feasibility of adopting the small code.
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT— CAPITOL AND
GROUNDS DIVISION
The principal function of this department is the supervision of main-
tenance, alterations, and space management of eight buildings located in
Hartford, Bridgeport, New London and Norwich. Four buildings are
owned and four are leased. The approximate total square footage is 650,000
sq. ft.
In addition to maintenance to these buildings, we also control and
maintain thirteen tenements on Buckingham street, Oak street, and Capitol
avenue, which were purchased with intentions of future expansion of office
space and which are still tenanted.
We also have partial control and supervision of the Labor Department
building on Farmington avenue and the police barracks on Washington
street.
Our total personnel is 130.
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT 95
Our appropriation for our coming biennium is :
Personnel Services $416,662 $422,229
Contractual Services 155,000 155,000
Supplies and Materials 35,000 35,000
$606,662 $612,229 $1,218,891
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT— LEASE DIVISION
This division has the responsibility of providing the necessary space
requirements of the various state agencies throughout the State.
During the past year this office processed seventy-four (74) leases, in
addition to which were several monthly Rental Agreements with lease
terms which run from one year with option to a straight eight years.
It should be noted that leases at rental figures comparable to those of
a few years ago are not to be had and this condition is reflected in several
of the new leases which had to be negotiated for increased amounts.
A Superior court case involving one of our leases in Norwich, which
had been pending for some time was brought to a favorable conclusion by
a decision by the court which granted to the plaintiff the exact figure pre-
viously offered by the lease division.
The policy of grouping agencies at one location in cities wherever
possible has proven its worth and this practice is being followed whenever
suitable rental areas are available.
Division activities were statewide and the seventy-four (74) leases
negotiated involved 31 cities and towns. This is exclusive of the monthly
rental agreements.
During the last quarter preparations were made, forms prepared and
the initial steps taken for the making of a complete and current inventory
of the real assets of the State. This program is an added responsibility of
the Lease Division and became operational on July 1, 1951.
AUDITORS OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTS
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Established — Circa 1702
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 12
Administrative heads — Joseph B. Downes, Ray-
mond I. Longley, Auditors of Public Accounts
Central office — State Capitol ; Hartford, Telephone
7-6341, Ext. 394
Average number full-time employees — 42
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $202,347.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $197,266.14
Organization structure — Administration: Depart-
ment heads, secretaries, etc. ; Pay-roll Pre-Audit
Division : One Senior Accountant- Auditor and
staff ; Post-Audit Division : Five units, each
headed by Senior Accountant-Auditor.
The Auditors of Public Accounts are appointed by and accountable to
the General Assembly of the State of Connecticut, and operate under the
provisions of Chapter 12 of the General Statutes, 1949 Revision.
The bipartisan character of the office is assured by the statutory pro-
vision that the two auditors shall not be of the same political party.
The statutes further provide for the annual audit of all state budgeted
agencies and state-aided institutions. Written reports on these audits are
filed and kept in the office and, in accordance with law, are available "for
the use of the auditors and of the employees of their department, of the
general assembly and of any member or committee or other agency of the
general assembly authorized by law to examine and make use of such re-
ports."
Auditing routine includes the observation of methods and procedures.
Each report contains comments on, and recommendations for the improve-
ment of, accounting methods, as well as audited statements of appropria-
tions and expenditures, sources and disposition of revenue, and any other
essential information pertaining to the operation of the individual agency.
Copies of all reports have been sent as completed to the Comptroller,
Treasurer, and Commissioner of Finance and Control and, in each case, to
96
AUDITORS OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTS 97
the administrative head of the agency audited. When it has seemed appro-
priate, copies have been sent to members of boards of trustees or of similar
groups immediately concerned with the administration of the audited agen-
cies.
During the 1951 session of the General Assembly, the appropriations
committee called upon the Auditors of Public Accounts to provide a sta-
tistical survey of comparative costs in the state institutions, with pertinent
comments and recommendations. This project required nearly a month of
intensive work on the part of several members of the staff.
The Auditors' biennial report to the 1951 General Assembly contained
a number of recommendations for legislation to improve state accounting
procedures. Favorable action was taken on a majority of these recommen-
dations.
By law all pay rolls must be examined by the Auditors of Public Ac-
counts prior to payment. During the past fiscal year, audit was made of
5,157 pay rolls, amounting to $52,603,344.07 and covering salary payments
to more than 17,200 employees. Control is exercised over all salary with-
holdings, such as State employees' retirement, savings bonds, withholding
tax, and group insurance. Personal pay-offs have been made in every state
agency for at least one pay period by members of the pay roll audit staff.
The staff consists of 42 members, of whom 12 are engaged on the pre-
audit of pay rolls and related work, 26 on post-audits, and 4 on secretarial
and similar duties.
OFFICE OF STATE EDITOR
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Established — July 1, 1947
Statutory authority — Section 1642
Administrative head — John J. Sweeney, State
Editor
Central office — 30 Oak Street, Hartford ; Telephone,
Hartford 5-2121, Ext. 9 and Hartford 7-6341,
Ext. 2547
Average number of full-time employees — 7
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The State Library Committee has general supervision of the agency
and by statute has the responsibility for the appointment of the State
Editor. The administrative head of the agency is John J. Sweeney, state
editor.
The statutory function of this office is the preparation and publication
of the Connecticut Law Journal, the Connecticut Supplement, Connecticut
Departmental Regulations, the Legislative Record and "such other docu-
ments as may be designated by the general assembly, the legislative council,
the comptroller or the chairman of the State Library Committee."
The Connecticut Law Journal is published weekly and contains the
complete text of all the decisions of the Supreme Court of Errors and of
selected decisions of the Superior Court and Court of Common Pleas, rules
and regulations of all state agencies, rules of practice adopted by the
judges of the Supreme Court, Superior Court and Court of Common Pleas,
the assembly of probate judges, municipal court judges and trial justices.
The complete text of the opinions of the attorney general of general interest
is also included together with other items, the publication of which is in the
interest of general state administration or the administration of the various
subdivisions of the judicial department.
98
OFFICE OF STATE EDITOR 99
The "Connecticut Supplement" is a series of bound and indexed vol-
umes containing the decisions of the Superior Court and the Court of Com-
mon Pleas for permanent reference and precedent. During the past fiscal
year volume 16 has been published and publication of volume 17 is now in
process.
The publication known as Connecticut Departmental Regulations is
a loose-leaf service containing all of the administrative regulations of all
state agencies, boards and commissions, constantly revised as regulations
are added, amended or repealed. These regulations are coded to the latest
revision of the general statutes by a system of section numbers identifying
them with the chapter of the general statutes dealing with the same gen-
eral subject matter.
The Legislative Record, published during regular and special sessions
of the general assembly, reports constantly the status of all pending legisla-
tion.
As reported in prior years, this agency has been called upon with in-
creasing frequency by other departments for assistance in publication of
other documents as required by law. For example, we have just completed
the composition of the revision of the Connecticut Practice Book, author-
ized by a special session of the general assembly, at a saving to the state
running into thousands of dollars. For a further example, the session of
the general assembly just passed has authorized the use of the facilities of
this agency for the publication and distribution of the Connecticut Reports.
Indeed, at every session of the general assembly additional duties are im-
posed on the office of state editor without any provision being made for
increase in appropriation, personnel or equipment.
The total recurring operating expenditures for the year ended June
30, 1951 amounted to $29,163.72. Expenditures for capital outlay amounted
to $6,826.07. Cash receipts from sales to the public of publications pub-
lished by the agency during the same fiscal period amounted to $9,837.37.
This latter figure does not include the value of material distributed with-
out charge in accordance with the general statutes.
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
Allyn L. Brown, Chief Justice
Edward C. Fisher, Executive Secretary
Central office — Supreme Court Building, Hartford.
Telephone 5-2121, P. O. Address, Box 1350,
Hartford 1
For list of judges and other personnel of the five
courts, reference is made to the State Register and
Manual
Number of salaried employees on June 30, 1951 —
full-time, 246 ; part-time, 92 ; Total, 338
Funds for operation fiscal year' 1950-1951 —
Original legislative appropriation, $2,384,765.14
Additions $183,080.00; Total $2,567,845.14
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $2,490,243.24 ;
Capital outlay— equipment, $18,453.09; Total ex-
penditures, $2,508,696.33
(Total includes wage adjustment of Oct. 1950,
amounting to about $40,486.50.)
Organization structure — The five state-maintained courts are Supreme
Court of Errors ; Superior Court ; Court of Common Pleas ; Traffic
Court of Danbury ; Juvenile Court. Reference is made to Vols. I-III,
"Digest of Connecticut Administrative Reports" for description of the
jurisdiction, function, organization and operation of the several courts.
SOME JUDICIAL STATISTICS
SUPREME COURT
September 1, 1950-August 31, 1951
Undecided matters pending Sept. 1, 1950
Matters heard, Sept. 1, 1950— Aug. 31, 1951
Matters decided, Sept. 1, 1950— Aug. 31, 1951
Undecided matters pending Aug. 31, 1951
2
134
134
2
SUPERIOR COURT AND COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
Civil Cases— July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951
Carried over from preceding year
Entered during year
Total
Superior
13,306
8,703
22,009
Common Pleas
12,321
7,184
19,505
Total
25,627
15,887
41,514
100
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
101
Dispositions during year
By jury trial
By court trial
Otherwise
Total Dispositions
Pending, end of year
Total
254
443
8,538
9,235
12,774
22,009
122
491
5,961
6,574
12,931
19,505
376
934
14,499
15,809
25,705
41,514
Criminal Cases— July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951
Number of dispositions :
Superior 1,275
Common Pleas 790
Total
2,065
Cases handled :
Delinquent
Neglect
JUVENILE COURT
July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951
Total
Cases Disposed of without action after
complete investigation
Hearings for revocation of commitments
Delinquent
Neglect
Total
4,339
1,178
5,517
131
29
277
306
DEPARTMENT REVENUE
July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951
Supreme Court (Reporter)
Superior Court
Court of Common Pleas
Danbury Traffic Court
*Juvenile Court
p 1,005.00
240,119.32
96.792.42
12,127.66
133,082.01
Total $483,126.41
*Collected pursuant to court order for support of children in state institutions. Also
collected $42,173.10 for other support expense.
SUPERIOR COURT AND COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
Total
Pending at
Entries
Dispositions
End of Year
1945-46
18,110
1946-47
14.145
12,246
20,007
1947-48
14,998
13,162
21,843
1948-49
16,667
14,792
23,680
1949-50
15,929
13,982
25,627
1950-51
15,887
15,808
25,705
1. In 1950-51, 1,259 fewer cases were returned to superior court than in
1946-47, the fifth preceding year, a decrease of 12.6%.
102 JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
2. In the court of common pleas for the same two years, there was an in-
crease of 3,001, or 71%.
3. The combined returns for the two courts show an increase of 12.3%,
or 1,742.
4. In the same period, total dispositions per year increased 7.8%, in the
superior court, 78% in the court of common pleas, and 29% for the
two courts together.
5. The increase in the total aggregate dispositions per year has been ac-
complished with a decreasing number of trial judges.
6. Despite the increase in total dispositions per year, the number of cases
carried over from year to year has steadily increased. This is due to the
fact that the number of cases disposed of does not keep pace with the
number of new cases brought to court.
7. In the superior court this increase in pending cases, 1950-51 over 1946-
47, is only 115; in the court of common pleas it is 5,583, about 76%.
For the courts together, the aggregate increase is 5,698, or 28%.
8. Trials constitute less than 10% of total dispositions.
9. In 1950-51 jury cases were 19.6% of all cases returned to court; in
1946-47 they were 15.5% of the total.
10. In 1950-51 jury trials were 28.6% of all trials; in 1946-47 they were
19% of all trials.
11. The trend is toward more jury business, in comparison with non-jury
business.
12. Although there were more cases disposed of in 1950-51 than in 1946-47
in both courts, there were fewer trials. This indicates a change in the
method of disposing of business.
DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES
Established — 1917
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Title XVII
Administrative head — Charles F. Kelley, Com-
missioner
Deputy administrator — A. Edward Sandula, Dep-
uty Commissioner
Central office — State Office Building, Hartford;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 622
Number of full-time employees, June 30, 1951 — 443
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 — Legis-
lative appropriation, $1,632,501.23
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 — Recurring
operating expenditures, $1,578,820.62
Organization structure — Division of Administra-
tion ; Division of Dealers and Repairers ; Divi-
sion of Engineering; Division of Investigation
and Inspection ; Division of Operator Control ;
Division of Registry
The department of Motor Vehicles was organized under statutory
authority in the year 1917. Prior to this date matters dealing with the
registration of motor vehicles and the issuance of operators' licenses was
handled by a division of the office of the Secretary of the State. The first
speed law was enacted in 1901 and the first registration was issued in
1903. The Department of Motor Vehicles now operates according to the
provisions of Title XVII of the General Statutes of Connecticut, Revision
of 1949, as amended.
DIVISION OF ADMINISTRATION
The main function of this division is the control of expenditures as
provided in the budget. This involves the preparation of estimates of oper-
ating expenses, preparation of payroll, purchasing and handling supplies,
operation of the supply stock room, and the personnel work. A statistical
section of the division originates statistical studies from data submitted by
all divisions of the department and analyses of these statistics for official
report and public information purposes. Another section collects the gaso-
line tax and audits the accounts of the distributors of taxable fuel.
103
104 DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES
DIVISION OF DEALERS AND REPAIRERS
This division administers the dealers and repairers law which re-
quires the licensing of all persons engaged in the business of selling and
repairing motor vehicles. Included also is the licensing and inspection of
gasoline stations and junk yards. This involves the inspection and approval
of sites for new business locations, and the investigation of complaints of
illegal operation. The checking and investigation of gasoline tax refunds
are processed by this division.
DIVISION OF ENGINEERING
The engineering section of this division administers the law permitting
voluntary inspection at authorized inspection stations, prepares regulations
and reciprocity agreements for the Commissioner, promotes and super-
vises driver education in the schools and advises the Commissioner re-
garding the official approval of devices for which such approval is re-
quired. The chief of the division is a member of all the committees of the
Society of Automotive Engineers and other organizations which originate
nationally accepted specifications for the approval of such devices and is
chairman of the engineering committee of the American Association of
Motor Vehicle Administrators which committee is in close contact with a
similar committee of the Automobile Manufacturers, by this contact keep-
ing in close touch with current research and new developments in the field
of automotive engineering and design for safety. General and technical
information is furnished to all persons and agencies pertaining to motor
vehicle equipment and operation.
DIVISION OF INVESTIGATION AND INSPECTION
This division conducts all examinations of applicants for operator's
license and license to operate public service vehicles ; has charge of the
re-examination of operators with bad accident records and of the examin-
ation and training of physically handicapped persons, also the approval of
specially equipped vehicles for their use.
The periodic inspection of public service buses, livery vehicles, taxi-
cabs and school buses is carried on by the division, which conducts "spot
inspection" on the highway and inspects vehicles from out-of-state before
their registration here.
The division also makes all investigations regarding stolen motor
vehicles, recovering a considerable number. In this field the file kept of
"Out-of-State Car Inspections" proves particularly valuable.
Other investigations are made for the other Divisions of the Depart-
ment, covering such diverse subjects as recovery of markers or licenses,
verification of operator's statements, and check-up as to physical condition,
mental health, or general character and habits.
DIVISION OF OPERATOR CONTROL
The division comprises the hearings, suspension, financial respon-
sibility complaints and accident section and three subsections : copy record
section, court auditing section and the driver clinic.
DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES 105
Hearings are held to consider the reinstatement of a suspended license,
closing a financial responsibility case and also to consider suspension. Com-
plaints are received from the police, motor vehicle inspectors, and the
general -public. They are handled by warnings on minor complaints, or
hearings and possible suspension in serious cases. The accident reporting
section receives and screens all reportable accidents. The copy record sec-
tion makes up certified copies of records for insurance companies and
others. The court auditing section audits all court clerks' records to insure
the receipt by the state of all monies due as a result of fines imposed for
violations of motor vehicle statutes. The driver clinic screens records for
disciplinary action and conducts conferences to avoid suspension by gain-
ing the cooperation of operators with a record of minor violations or acci-
dents.
DIVISION OF REGISTRY
This division administers all matters relating to the registration of
motor vehicles and the issuance of operators' licenses other than the exam-
ination of new operators, including the collection of fees. This business is
conducted at the main office in Hartford and in ten branch offices located
statewide, also during rush periods at ten additional sub-branch offices.
The division also operates the teletype section on a twenty-four hour
daily service to give information regarding registration, licenses and other
departmental matters to local and State police.
RECEIPTS OF MOTOR VEHICLE DEPARTMENT
Fiscal Year July 1. 1950 to June 30, 1951
Fines (All Classes) $ 190,448.80
Experimental Tests 242.00
Initial Plate Fees 22,125.00
Registrations (All Classes) 8,240,290.24
Supplementary Plates 539.50
Temporary Registrations (All Classes) 26,590.00
Dealers' (New Car) Licenses 16,740.00
Dealers' (Used Car) Licenses 21,870.00
Repairers' Licenses 13,750.00
Motorcycle Dealers' Licenses 240.00
Junk Yard Dealers' Licenses 270.00
Junk Yard Licenses 725.00
Junk Yard Inspection Fee 25.00
Dealers' and Repairers' Inspection Fees 7,900.00
Auto Club Licenses 60.00
Operator Licenses (All Classes) 2.623,128.00
Examinations 159,370.00
Transfers (All Classes) 289,033.65
M arkers (All Classes) 63,665.50
Duplicates (All Classes) 14,229.00
Certification Fees 79.50
Certified Copies Operative Records 922.00
Accident Report Copies 19,824.00
Certified Copies of Accident Reports 1,528.00
Gasoline (Inspection and License Fees) 44,637.50
Gasoline (Special Motor Fuel Tax) 47,374.94
Service of Process Fees 1,788.00
Testing Equipment 737.50
Miscellaneous Receipts 390.47
106 DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES
Photostat Copies 301.00
Personal Data Sheets 7.50
Special Delivery Fees Collected 78.93
Attested Letters 4.00
Reports of Sale 1.00
Verification of Letters 31.00
Copies of Brake Ruling 3.00
Refunds (Overpayment) 1,756.67
Total Gross Receipts $11,810,706.70
Total Refunds 13,435.67
Total Net Receipts $11,797,271.03
Total Net Fuel Tax Receipts 20,263,981.07
TOTAL NET RECEIPTS OF MOTOR VEHICLE
DEPARTMENT $32,061,252.10
All receipts of the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles and his Depart-
ment are paid into the Treasury of the State. Except for certain budgeted
amounts, for the administration of the Motor Vehicle, State Highway and
State Police Departments the moneys so collected are expended under the
direction of the Highway Commissioner for the construction, reconstruc-
tion and maintenance of state roads and bridges.
BUDGET ALLOTMENT AND TOTAL EXPENDITURES
Fiscal Year July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951
Budget Allotment
Expenditure
Balance
Personal Services
$1,350,715.00
$1,331,191.44
$19,523.56
Contractual Services
80,940.00
80,188.44
751.56
Supplies and Materials
190,299.00
157,157.68
33,141.32
Sub Totals $1,621,954.00 $1,568,537.56 $53,416.44
Equipment (Biennial)
(Other than Office) 10,547.23 10,283.06 264.17
TOTAL $1,632,501.23 $1,578,820.62 $53,680.61
The number of persons employed by the Department on June 30, 1951
was 443. The number of approved positions was 469. A comparison with
the personnel employed for the past ten years is given below :
PERSONNEL
Year Ending
Number of Employees
June 30, 1942
451
June 30, 1943
378
June 30, 1944
358
June 30, 1945
355
June 30, 1946
384
June 30, 1947
397
June 30, 1948
440
June 30, 1949
449
June 30, 1950
437
June 30, 1951
443
DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES 107
REGISTRATIONS AND OPERATORS' LICENSES
Fiscal Year July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951
REGISTRATIONS
Passenger Registrations 653,869
Commercial Registrations 86,997
Combination Registrations 19,638
Dealers' (new car) Registrations 7,430
Dealers' (used car) Registrations 7,082
Repairers' Registrations 4,330
Junk Yard Dealers' Registrations 88
Motorcycle Dealers' Registrations 56
Special Dealers' Registrations 142
Livery Registrations 529
Taxi Registrations 670
Public Service Bus Registrations 1,252
Service Bus Registrations 1,494
Interstate Bus Registrations 153
Interchangeable Bus and Livery Registrations 152
Miscellaneous 34,306
Total Registrations 818,188
OPERATORS' LICENSES
Motor Vehicle Operator Licenses 864,882
Minor Operator Licenses 20,234
Motorcycle Operator Licenses 176
Public Service Operator Licenses 7,953
Total Licenses 893,245
STATE POLICE DEPARTMENT
Established— 1903
Statutory authority — Chapters 171-176
Administrative head — Edward J. Hickey, Com-
missioner
Central office — 100 Washington St., Hartford;
Telephone, 5-0181
Average number of full-time employees — 490
Organization structure — The 11 State Police Bar-
racks are separated in three divisions, Northern,
Southern and Headquarters. In addition to the
Hartford Barracks, there are, in connection with
the Headquarters at Hartford, the following di-
visions : Detective, Traffic, License and Inspec-
tion, Communications, Photographic and the
Identification Bureau.
The field forces are apportioned among 1 1 barracks, divided into three
divisions as follows :
The Hartford Division, supervised by Captain Ralph J. Buckley, con-
sists of:
Station "H", Hartford, commanded by Lieutenant Philip Schwartz
The Northern Division, supervised by Captain Carroll Shaw, consists of :
Station "B", Canaan, commanded by Lieutenant Elton Nolan
Station "C", Stafford Springs, commanded by Lieutenant Harry Taylor
Station "D", Danielson, commanded by Lieutenant Albert Rivers
Station "K", Colchester, commanded by Lieutenant Robert Rundle
Station "L", Litchfield, commanded by Lieutenant William Casey
The Southern Division, supervised by Captain Paul Lavin, consists of:
Station "A", Ridgefiekl, commanded by Lieutenant Henry Mayo
Station "E", Groton, commanded by Lieutenant William Mackenzie
Station "F", Westbrook, commanded by Lieutenant Francis Mangan
Station "G", Westport, commanded by Lieutenant Victor Clarke
Station "I", Bethany, commanded by Lieutenant George Remer
108
STATE POLICE DEPARTMENT
109
The financial report for the year ending June 30, 1951, follows:
Expenditures
Personal services $1,547,217.15
Contractual services 278,439.95
Supplies and materials 453,316.96
Total ordinary recurring expenditures $2,278,974.06
Equipment $ 97,053.03
Capital projects 2,037.28
Total capital outlay 99,090.31
Total expenditures $2,378,064.37
RECEIPTS
Fireworks manufacturers' licenses $ 300.00
Fireworks wholesale 1,750.00
Auctioneers' fees 850.00
Private detective agency 1 ,600.00
Private detective individual 1,120.00
Professional bondsman 1,900.00
Moving picture operators license 174.00
Moving picture operators renewal 919.00
Moving picture theater managers license fees 2,421.00
Electricians' licenses 3,422.50
Advertising sign licenses 30,160.00
Amusement license fees 1,515.00
Motor vehicle race licenses 1,630.00
Explosive permit fees 126.75
Weapon permit fees 2,032.75
Moving picture annual license fees 2,651.00
Moving picture inspection fees 1,261.00
Moving picture special approval fees 10.00
Fees received for approval of chemicals soot 50.00
Protest fees 115.00
Miscellaneous fees (copies of abstracts) 8,575.40
Witness fees 820.32
Yz confiscated monies 1,407.63
Junk sold 1,490.26
Commission on pay stations 43.79
General Fund — services of radio technician 2,640.00
General Fund — services of resident state policemen 8,185.86
Surplus receipts — checks not cashed 14.26
Total receipts $77,185:52
As of June 30, 1951, the statutory strength of the State Police De-
partment was 300 policemen, 12 policewomen and 10 additional policemen
to act as resident officers. On that date, the actual strength of the depart-
ment was 284 policemen, nine policewomen and two resident officers. The
total number of civilian employees in the department on June 30, 1951 was
171, including clerks, radio technicians and dispatchers, mechanics, cooks
and maintenance men.
As indicated in the department's inventory filed with the Comptroller
as of June 30, 1951, 11 barracks buildings were maintained as well as the
headquarters office building at Hartford and five automotive repair shops
attached to the Hartford, Westbrook, Westport, Bethany and Colchester
Stations to service and maintain the 365 patrol cars, 22 trucks, 22 trailers,
three ambulances, two jeeps and 20 motorcycles. The department also main-
110 STATE POLICE DEPARTMENT
tained in each barracks area, a radio transmitter house and tower. For use
in emergencies such as serious accidents, plane crashes, drownings and
other disasters, fully-equipped emergency trucks were ready for service at
Ridgefield, Hartford, Stafford and Westbrook. Trailer-mounted rowboats
with outboard motors were available at each station and were used exten-
sively. Each station maintained a fully-equipped darkroom so that all neces-
sary photographic work was done by station personnel. The total inven-
tory as of June 30, 1951 was as follows:
Lands $ 96,801.00
Buildings 952,945.00
Furnishings and plant equipment 377,033.97
Automobiles and motorcycles 399,475.00
Maintenance stores 145,589.65
$1,911,844.62
During the past fiscal year, 16,256 complaints were handled, a decrease
of 353 from the previous year. There were 11,513 motor vehicle arrests
and 2,582 criminal arrests made. A total of 24,529 motorists were given
warnings, of which 11,950 were for defective equipment. General services
for the year totaled 15,066, including 996 lectures, demonstrations and
radio talks, 25 searches for missing persons and 672 injured or ill persons
transported in cars or ambulances. Of 5,072 automobile accidents investi-
gated by State Police officers during the year, 68% resulted in an arrest
or warning, a 7% decrease over the previous year when only 4,584 acci-
dents were investigated.
The detective division under the command of Captain Leo J. Mulcahy
and known as the Special Service division is located at the headquarters
office in Hartford. Members of this division are also located in the field, at
various substations of the department, at State's Attorneys' offices and as
resident officers. During the past year, assigned to this division were three
lieutenants, three detective sergeants, four detectives, eight officers and
nine policewomen. The Special Service division is chiefly concerned with
the prevention of crime, the detection and apprehension of criminals and
cooperates with detective bureaus or other officers of the various police
agencies throughout the state, rendering to them such assistance as may be
possible. The members of the Special Service division cooperate with State
Police barracks' commanders throughout the state and are frequently as-
signed to them to assist with special investigations of an unusual nature.
Extradition procedures, appeal and bound over cases and reports for the
coroners are prepared in this division. The Special Service division serves
as liaison between the field stations and the various state agencies located
in Hartford, and in cooperation with all the branches of the State Police
department, investigates major crimes and such other matters assigned by
the Commissioner. Particular emphasis is placed upon the investigation of
vice, liquor, narcotic and drug violations throughout the state in coopera-
tion with the other state agencies, local police and State's Attorneys.
This division continued to cooperate fully with the Federal Bureau of
Investigation, the United States Secret Service and the United States
Postal inspectors in all matters of mutual interest. Assistance was also ren-
dered to prosecuting attorneys of the Courts of Common Pleas by members
of the Special Service division. The State Policewomen assigned to the
Special Service division assisted in the investigation of numerous cases,
STATE POLICE DEPARTMENT 111
not only those involving juveniles and females, but the policewomen were
of material assistance in the investigation of other important criminal mat-
ters assigned to the State Police Department. Several times during the
past year, the State Policewomen were assigned with other members of
the State Police department to render requested assistance to various local
police departments.
The state bureau of identification, created within the State Police de-
partment by an act of the General Assembly on July 1, 1941, Section 3653
of the 1949 Revision of the General Statutes, is playing an ever increasing
role in the fight against crime. The bureau, supervised by Lieutenant
Frank V. Chameroy, received 23,354 fingerprint cards during the year,
6,513 of which were identified with a previous criminal record. There were
3,425 persons identified in the State Bureau by fingerprint comparison. The
criminal fingerprint file now contains 92,517 fingerprint cards and there
are 33,782 rogues' gallery photographs of known criminals on file. The
scientific crime detection laboratory continued to serve all state's attorneys'
offices and police agencies in and out of the state without cost to them. The
laboratory was called upon to furnish competent expert testimony in the
various courts on the following subjects: fingerprints, photography, ballis-
tics and related comparisons, chemical analysis, handwriting and document
examinations. The bureau also maintained files of missing persons, fugi-
tives, noncriminal fingerprints such as state employees, public service opera-
tors licensed by the Motor Vehicle department, private detectives, pro-
fessional bondsmen and all persons identified with civil defense activities.
An act concerning the use of identification markings by laundries and dry
cleaning establishments was passed by the Senate and House of Repre-
sentatives in the 1951 General Assembly and becomes effective October 1,
1951. The identification profession throughout the world recognizes the
fact that identifications made through the use of dry cleaners' and laundry
marks are playing an ever increasing part in the identification of indi-
viduals and lost or stolen articles. Connecticut is the first state to pass such
legislation.
The communications division, under the direction of Lieutenant Walter
J. Boas, functions as the co-ordinating and switching point for all tele-
type communications between the 41 Connecticut state and municipal tele-
type stations and the hundreds of police agencies throughout the United
States served by the National Police Communications network. Complete
teletype files were maintained as a co-ordinating service to all police agen-
cies on matters pertaining to police communication, including card index
files on wanted and missing persons, stolen motor vehicles, stolen, lost and
found property, and all types of crimes and rackets. The information con-
tained in these files was widely used by the police agencies of the states
and aided greatly in the prevention of crime and detection of criminals, as
well as the recovery of stolen and lost property and the locating of missing
persons. During the year, the teletype control board handled 147,274 calls
and transmitted 20,428 teletype broadcasts to the Connecticut network.
There were 85,818 broadcasts received from other states and 30,096 di-
rected messages were exchanged with out-of-state departments. This was
an increase over the previous year of 14,654 messages of all types.
The photographic division, under Lieutenant William Gruber, takes
photographs in all major cases for use as evidence. All specialized photo-
112 STATE POLICE DEPARTMENT
graphs were handled by this unit for other divisions of the department and
also some photographic work for other state departments. The photostatic
work carried on in the laboratory for the entire department increased con-
siderably. Members of the division were available to assist state policemen
assigned as photographers at the several stations.
The license and inspection division was under the supervision of Cap-
tain Ross V. Urquhart, with Lieutenant Adolph Pastore continuing as
Deputy State Fire Marshal. The inspectors of this division, working in
conjunction with local fire marshals, continued their efforts in the enforce-
ment of the State Fire Safety Code. During the year, 806 buildings were
inspected in this effort and recommendations made for fire safety in each
instance. Included in these inspections were 221 state institutional build-
ings, in which approximately 80% of the necessary fire safety corrections
were accomplished. All hospitals and convalescent homes were likewise
inspected and notable progress made in the correction of safety conditions.
This division also enforced the regulations relative to the storage and trans-
portation of flammable liquids, the storage, transportation and use of ex-
plosives, and the conduct of dry cleaning and dyeing establishments. All
motion picture theaters, managers and projectionists were licensed and
2,084 theater inspections were made by division officers. There were five
new drive-in theaters licensed for operation during the year, after hearings
and approval by the Commissioner. A total of 77 licenses were issued fol-
lowing inspection and approval of canvas tents and shelters housing amuse-
ments or exhibitions. Licenses issued for amusements within amusement
parks totaled 101. During this fiscal year, the division received reports of
129 suspicious fires, all of which were investigated by our officers and in
seven of these cases, prosecutions were brought for incendiarism. Local
fire marshals reported 1,843 fires, causing damage in the amount of $5,616,-
389.08. Officers attended and issued permits for 163 motor vehicle races
and exhibitions. The outdoor advertising permits issued totaled 8,996
spaces and 23 companies were licensed to engage in the business of adver-
tising. There were 742 new state weapon permits issued and 5,156 such
permits renewed. This division also issued licenses and permits for elec-
tricians, jewelry auctioneers and state-wide permits for the storage, trans-
portation and use of explosives. All junk dealers were registered and all
acceptable oil burners approved after examination.
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, the traffic division, under
the supervision of Captain Ralph J. Buckley, continued to operate as a
staff unit with emphasis on traffic problems and related functions. There
were five men permanently assigned to this division. No new recruits were
added to the department during this fiscal year but the training program
for 1,775 auxiliary state policemen was drawn up and administered at 12
different locations throughout Connecticut. We continued our policy of pro-
viding instructors and course material to assist local police departments in
their training programs.
Traffic division personnel continued to collect and compile traffic
and accident information for use by our barracks in the field. Copies of our
accident reports, arrests and warnings issued were supplied to the Motor
Vehicle department and that department in turn supplied statistical data
for use by our division based upon the material sent to them. Twenty-four
motor vehicle operators were recommended for re-examination as to their
STATE POLICE DEPARTMENT 113
qualifications as a result of information brought forth by accident investi-
gation and State Police contacts in the field. The Traffic division super-
vised the issuing of 1,038 permits for use of our parkways by restricted
vehicles and arranged routes and escorts for 68 oversized vehicles on other
highways. We also furnished 2,925 copies of accident reports to attorneys,
adjusters and other interested parties. This represents an increase of 561
over the previous year. The department has purchased another radar
speed meter for use in detecting and apprehending speeding violators. A
stepped-up program was instituted and a special team of two officers were
assigned full time to this activity. Radar evidence resulted in speeding
arrests and convictions in several towns and the effect in the reduction of
speed in these areas has been noticeable. One sergeant completed the long
course at Northwestrn University Traffic Institute and upon his return to
duty, he was placed in charge of the Merritt Parkway patrol.
As directed by Section 3729 of the 1949 Revision of the General Sta-
tutes, the department continued to license professional bondsmen. There
were two new bondsmen licensed during the year and 17 bondsmen re-
newed their licenses. In accordance with Section 3737 of the 1949 Revision
of the General Statutes, all private detectives and detective agencies operat-
ing in the state were licensed as follows : detective agencies, two new and
seven renewals ; private detectives, forty new and seventy renewals. All appli-
cants were thoroughly investigated before any license was issued.
Officer James Parrott continued as resident officer for the towns of
Canton and New Hartford and Detective Sergeant Roy Goodale continued
in the same capacity for the towns of Old Lyme and East Lyme. In ac-
cordance with Section 3647 of the 1949 Revision of the General Statutes,
the agreements with. these four towns were renewed for an additional two-
year period. Several other towns have requested information relative to
the resident officer arrangement, but no additional contracts have been
completed.
The emergency services division continued under the command of
Lieutenant Michael D. Smith, with headquarters at Westbrook. This unit
was responsible for the maintenance and operation of all emergency equip-
ment, including the traffic control booths and emergency lights on the
Wilbur Cross Parkway. Additional signs were prepared for holiday traffic
control on all major parkways. At several dangerous locations, this unit
made permanent installation of life-size mannequins representing State
Policemen in full uniform as a reminder to the motoring public that these
locations were receiving full State Police coverage.
On February 1, 1951, Commissioner Hickey was appointed Deputy
Director of Civil Defense. In this capacity, he assisted the new Director of
Civil Defense in addition to his regular duties as State Police Commis-
sioner. On February 16, 1951, Captain William Schatzman was granted a
leave of absence from the department to accept appointment as Chief of
Security and on April 2, 1951, Lieutenant Jesse Foley was assigned to the
Civil Defense Department as Coordinator of Plant Protection. In order to
prepare the department for Civil Defense service, 1,775 auxiliary police-
men were recruited and placed in training on January 8, 1951. Weekly
training sessions were held at various points throughout the state, con-
tinuing until May 1, 1951, at which time, the auxiliaries entered field train-
ing through the various barracks. Several members of the department at-
114 STATE POLICE DEPARTMENT
tended the radiological monitoring courses at the University of Connecticut
and two civilian members of the radio maintenance division who had re-
ceived this training acted as instructors for other groups on the state and
local levels. Lieutenant Walter Boas, communications officer of the depart-
ment, was designated as communications officer for the State Civil Defense
organization and with members of the radio maintenance division, estab-
lished a state control center outside the city of Hartford. This center has
all types of emergency communications and can be put into full operation
on a moment's notice. The department also assisted in establishing com-
munications for the area control centers at Ridgefield, Bethany and Col-
chester. The Connecticut State Police Amateur Radio Auxiliary Unit
continued in operation.
The increase in the registration of motor vehicles has resulted in in-
creased traffic flow and a corresponding increase in the accident rate. The
time spent on accident investigation by State Police officers reduces the
amount of actual road patrol, thereby eliminating the apprehension of many
traffic violators. The extension of the parkways and the increase in their
use will require additional police patrolling. Adequate coverage of these
highways can only be obtained by assigning additional officers to highway
patrol. This can be achieved only by an increase in the statutory limit of
the police force and such a move is recommended.
OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE
www
55SSES
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Established— 1950
Statutory authority — Chap. 162b, 1951 Supplement
Administrative head — Brigadier General Wil-
liam Hesketh
Deputy administrator — Edward J. Hickey
Central office — Labor Department Building, 92
Farmington Avenue, Hartford, Conn., Tele-
phone 2-2163
Number of full time employees — 32
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 — $10,-
000 was transferred from the Governor's Con-
tingent Fund. This amount was later reduced
to $5,000; Legislative appropriation $168,000
for operations and equipment and $300,000 for
Medical Supplies.
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951
402.21. Medical Supplies none.
Operations and equipment $132,-
Organisation structure — Administration, Security, Medical, Evacuation
and Welfare, Warden Services, Air Warning Services, Public Informa-
tion, and four Area Directors.
The State Office of Civil Defense is comprised of the following staff
personnel : Director, Brig. Gen. William Hesketh ; Deputy Director, Ed-
ward J. Hickey (Commissioner State Police).
In December of 1950, a partial survey of Civil Defense accomplishment
in the state up to that time was made. While that survey showed good
progress for the period since Chapter 162b had been enacted, organiza-
tion at all levels was far from complete and recruitment activity had been
limited. It was known that quite a number of communities were actively
training people in First Aid and the beginnings of enrollment for other
activities such as auxiliary police and firemen had been initiated. Ground
observation posts had been established and a representative number of
115
116 OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE
observers had volunteered. Many of these had had prior experience during
World War II. In other fields, such as welfare, block wardens, communi-
cations, evolvement of disaster plans, surveys of food and lodging facilities,
firefighting equipment, establishment of control centers and communications
facilities, etc., very little progress had been made. With additional funds
available about March 1 , the state office staff was nearly complete by March
15, although there was then, and still is, a shortage of clerical personnel
which materially affects efficient operation.
This report, therefore, should be considered as results achieved largely
since March 1, 1951. It should be borne in mind, however, that many
local communities have been waiting on action in the Congress to see
what may become available in matching funds with which to bolster local
appropriations for Civil Defense purposes and that quite a number of
communities have thus delayed positive action in Civil Defense organizations
and acquisition of necessary facilities such as warning devices, communi-
cations equipment, etc., on this account.
MEDICAL HEALTH FIRST AID
In addition to the state's thirty-eight General Hospitals, the State
Department of Health and Medicine plans about two hundred additional
improvised hospitals-first aid stations. Federal allotment of funds for
medical supplies amounting to $360,000 has recently been made, thus
giving the state over $600,000 for stockpiling. Requisitions for these supplies
have already been processed and delivery is now awaited.
In many communities, a very active first aid training program has
been inaugurated. In addition, some courses in home nursing have been
started. No accurate figures are available, but it is known that thousands
of Connecticut people either have been trained or are now in training. In
one town of less than 5.000 people, 10% of the population has taken such
training. Red Cross chapters and branches have been most cooperative
in this vital work by furnishing qualified instructors and approved training
courses.
AIR RAID WARNING SERVICE
(Aircraft Warning Service)
The Ground Observer Corps that had been established during World
War II was reactivated during 1949. Observation posts and the New
Haven Filter center, together with a complete civil air raid warning system,
were operated during "Operation Lookout" in September of 1949. After
this exercise, everything remained on a stand-by basis until a two day
exercise which took place in November 1950. The ground observer corps
is now firmly established and could operate immediately on orders from
the Eastern Air Defense Command.
There are now ninety-four active Observation Posts manned by about
5,000 volunteers. Each post has been requested to recruit a minimum of-
75 trained observers, which are considered necessary to provide adequate
relief for a continuous operation.
OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE 117
Three succesful two day tests of actual operation have been conducted
this year, one in February, one in April, and one over the weekend of
June 23 and 24. This last test was continuous for thirty-three hours from
9:00 A.M. Saturday to 6:00 P.M. Sunday. A majority of the ninety-four
posts were inspected by a member of the state staff, many of them at
night. Three posts could not be manned because of technical difficulties.
Communication from posts to the Filter Center was satisfactory although
there are a few isolated reports of more than normal delay. The Filter
Center now has about 500 volunteers who can be used in an emergency
for continuous operation. For a full wartime emergency operation, 500
additional volunteers would be needed for the Filter Center.
CIVIL AIR RAID WARNING SYSTEM
The Civil Air Raid Warnings System using telephone "fan out"
methods has been tested in practice once a month. While this system will
work, it must eventually be replaced by a more efficient method, such as
one which has been developed by the American Tel. & Tel. Bell Labora-
tories. At present, too many people are involved in the "fan out." To spread
an "alert" to Connecticut's 169 towns, over 250 people are required to
make telephone calls. The time lapse at present is about eight minutes,
which is considered too long.
WARNING DEVICES
Most communities in the State have established plans for the use of
some sort of warning device, including specially installed sirens, factory
whistles, bells and in one or two cases by the use of private autos circu-
lating with horns and sirens sounding. Two recent tests have been held
which were considered satisfactory, but which also revealed a certain
amount of inadequate coverage and some delays in communicating test
"alert" signals. Corrections are being made as a result of these tests.
BLOCK WARDENS
In this field, recruiting has been somewhat slower than is considered
desirable. This condition seems to be common throughout the country.
Recently, there has been a marked gain in this activity. The state's first
training school for block wardens opened June 27, 1951 in Waterbury.
It is planned to hold similar schools in other of the larger cities as soon
as possible.
LOCAL ORGANIZATION
Most of the cities and larger towns have completed organization of
local executive civil defense staffs and prepared tables of organization,
copies of which are being assembled at state Civil Defense headquarters.
It is expected that by another month, most towns in the state will be
completely set up in this respect.
118 OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE
MUTUAL AID AGREEMENTS— MOBILE SUPPORT
Prime target cities are now in the process of developing mutual
aid-depth support plans with their perimeter towns. It is planned to
eventually extend this general idea throughout the state, using the larger
cities and towns as "hubs" around which to build mutual aid-mobile
support plans. Development of mobile support units with special skills
such as registration-information teams, mobile canteens-feeding units, etc.,
is planned within the next few weeks.
DISASTER PLANS
(Including Feeding-Lodging Facilities)
Very few communities have completed written disaster plans, but
many are now in the process of making the necessary surveys of available
facilities for the care of evacuees — and of their own people in event of
disaster. Such plans and surveys are being developed with the active
cooperation of the Red Cross.
A statewide survey of mass feeding-temporary lodging facilities is
now under way. So far, 25 towns and cities have reported. These towns
represent about 10% of total population. These reports show mass feeding
facilities for 131,000 people per hour — and temporary lodgings for 40,000.
On this basis, if the same ratio is maintained in subsequent reports, the
state could feed 1,310,000 and lodge 400,000. In view of the fact that only
one city of over 100,000 population is included in the above figures, it is
felt this estimate is slightly conservative. In addition, reports of facilities
from over 400 churches have been received, most of which are not included
in the surveys received from local directors.
SECURITY
(Fire, Police, Radiological Monitoring, Plant Protection, etc.)
General: Because of the fact that fire and police departments are
long established official agencies a much more comprehensive picture of
the security situation in the state is available. Some of the very smallest
towns have no regular police force and at least two towns have no fire-
fighting service. Figures given below on auxiliary police and firemen
represent special recruiting for civil defense purposes and apply to both
local and state auxiliaries. Figures below are from 100 of 169 towns in
the state.
Police
Local
State
Regular 2915
Supernumerary 1175
Auxiliary 3194
Total 7284
Regular
Auxiliary
297
1015
1312
Total local Police — all
Total State Police— all
kinds
kinds
7284
1312
Total Police— all kinds 8596
OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE 119
All of the 1,015 enrolled auxiliary police in the state have either been
trained or are now in the process of active field training to apply what has
been taught them in the classroom.
Fire: The figures given below are from 145 of 169 towns. Complete
reports have not been received from all towns included ; thus, at best, these
figures are only partial in a number of cases.
Personnel Equipment
Paid 2,253 Pumpers 541
Volunteer 13,533 Ladders 75
Auxiliary 1,692 Tankers 57
Total 17,478 Total 673 Firefight-
ing Units
The above figures do not include many hundreds of extinguishers
and other types of equipment normally included in standard units, nor
does it include the State Forest Fire units and fire services belonging to
industry.
For the personnel and equipment described above, there are 1,100,000
feet of fire hose in good condition available, or enough to reach from
Hartford to New York and back to Berlin (in miles — 208 miles of hose).
The New Haven Fire College has conducted two schools since the
first of the year to train instructors who can in turn train local firemen.
Two hundred eight (208) were graduated from the February class and one
hundred fifty-two (152) from the most recent class, which ended early
in June.
Plant Protection: Industry in general throughout the state has been
slow to implement plans for "within plant" services. However, action in
this field is being speeded through conferences with management, the
Connecticut Manufacturers Association, and the very recent issuance
of a very comprehensive Plant Protection Bulletin. Conferences have also
been held with representatives of other State Civil Defense staff members
and with representatives at the Federal level.
Radiological Monitoring: Several classes in radiological monitoring
have been conducted at Connecticut University. Eighty people have been
graduated from these classes. Other classes are planned for the very near
future. In addition, 150 amateur radio operators have been trained in
radiological equipment maintenance.
Miscellaneous: With the cooperation of the state and local police,
large numbers of fingerprints have been taken for identification purposes
of Civil Defense personnel. Cooperation has also been given in providing
photographic services for identification cards.
CONTROL CENTERS
The state Control Center is ready to operate at any time as far as
communications are concerned. A number of test exercises have been
conducted and a seven day field exercise is now in operation. Personnel
is actually living at the state center for this period.
A good percentage of the larger towns and cities have either installed
or are in the process of installing their own local control centers. Some
120 OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE
local units operate regularly several days each week to train personnel.
Amateur operators are making a valuable contribution to this, important
part of Civil Defense work.
Considerable delay has been caused because many towns have not
provided necessary funds for communications equipment and because
towns have been awaiting Congressional action on matching funds for
such equipment.
FOOD SUPPLIES
Surveys completed last week show that there are a total of 271
sizable food warehouses of all kinds in the state. A conservative estimate
shows about 20 days normal supply of groceries and provisions usually
maintained. Meat supply is much less, but still considered adequate. Of
the 271 food warehouses. 125 handle meat, 92 groceries and provisions,
25 frozen foods and 29 miscellaneous food items. These figures are ex-
clusive of local stores.
Milk pasteurizing plants handling in excess of 2,000 quarts daily
normally process 572,000 quarts. In an emergency, this production can
be increased by an additional 944,000 quarts, thus making a total supply
available in emergency of 1,516,000 pasteurized quarts daily. Plans are
now being developed through the efforts of the department of Farms and
Markets for the emergency establishment of a large milk processing plant
in Litchfield county, which would provide many more thousands of quarts
of milk daily. The department already has organized the necessary sani-
tary and quality inspection services.
FUEL OIL SUPPLIES
A committee has been organized to control the supply and distribution
of such supplies in event of disaster. This committee is presently engaged
in making an inventory of storage facilities and normal supplies available.
The committee is comprised of representatives of the major fuel concerns.
The chairman is Mr. C. N. Mitchell. A member of this committee has
been assigned to the staff of each of the four area directors. They will
act as fuel oil coordinators, on these staffs.
PUBLIC SHELTER
Because of delay in Congressional action, very little has been done
in the field of reconstructing existing buildings to serve public shelter
purposes. Likewise — and as a by-product of this delay, it is not possible
to report real progress in the selection and shelters for public use in case
of hostile attack. However, plans are now under way for speeding up
this program without waiting for Congressional or other action.
HOME SERVICE
Quite a large number of towns and cities have distributed literature
or small cards for posting on kitchen or other walls, telling people what
to do in case of attack. The state office has just received 250,000 illustrated
cards of larger size for this purpose and they are being distributed as
fast as possible.
OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE 121
It is the belief of the state director that housewives should be en-
couraged to stock a small reserve of food supplies for emergency use.
Recommendation is always made in his public addresses that at least a
three day reserve food supply in canned or bottled foods should be so
stored. In addition, the nutrition division of the Department of Health
has just finished preparation of an "Emergency Food Shelf" for the
family. It includes timely suggestions for storage, sanitation, rotation to
reduce spoilage and suggested menus for at least three days. These
suggestions will be reproduced in bulletin form and furnished to all
local directors as soon as possible. It is felt that this kind of service to
our people is one of real and practical value.
As a result of the block warden training program now being inaugu-
rated, families will very soon be receiving practical aid in making other
preparations for emergency, such as simple first aid instructions, fighting
incipient fires, preparation of home shelters, etc.
MISCELLANEOUS
Interstate Mutual Aid Compacts
As a result of enabling legislation signed by the Governor, represen-
tatives of ten northeastern states met in New York June 22, 1951 and
discussed implementation of this and similar compacts affecting these
ten states. By this action, the states concerned have agreed to render
aid to other states on authorized request in cases of emergency caused
by hostile action. This action is considered important because of the
congested population conditions in these states and the highly industrialized
character of its manufacturing interests, much of which is now devoted
to vital defense work.
TRAINING EXERCISES
During four succeeding weekends hypothetical test exercises were
conducted, one in each Civil Defense area of the state. Emphasis was
placed on welfare-evacuation operations, including registration and infor-
mation exercises, mass feeding on a proportional representation basis,
communications, transportation arrangements at local levels and other
pertinent activities. These local exercises will be gradually expanded
and developed into a statewide major disaster exercise as soon as con-
sidered practicable and depending on improvement of training status
in the state. It is also planned at a still later date to develop at least one
interstate exercise that will test not only Connecticut, but also all three
contiguous states.
SUMMARY
Supporting charts and documents for the figures quoted herein are
always available at state Civil Defense Headquarters and kept pro-
gressively up to date.
Not all Civil Defense activities and facts have been included herein,
but this report is considered as factually accurate as is possible at this time.
122 OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE
Based on all figures available, it is conservatively estimated that as
of this date, approximately 100,000 people in Connecticut are committed
to some sort of Civil Defense activity. It is believed now that much of
the groundwork has been laid and much of the basic organization work
accomplished, future progress will snowball so that within a reasonably
short space of time it will be possible to report much more extensive
accomplishment.
INSURANCE DEPARTMENT
SB!
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Established — 1865
Statutory authority — Chapters 290-300
Administrative head — W. Ellery Allyn, Com-
missioner
Deputy administrator — Edward T. Garvin, Dep-
uty Commissioner
Central office — State Office Bldg., Room 425 ; Tele-
phone 7-6341, Ext. 665
Average number oj full-time employees — 55
Organisation structure — Executive Division ; Actu-
arial, Examiners, Valuation Divisions ; Security
Division ; Agency and Claim Division ; Rating
Division
The most significant development in the insurance business in the last
year has been the virtual elimination of the separation of powers between
fire and marine companies, and casualty companies.
Until recently, the separation of powers of these two general types of
insurance companies was obligatory. Modern conditions and the necessity
for combining several types of coverage under one policy do not warrant
the continuation of this separation of underwriting powers. At the present
time, nearly all properly qualified fire and casualty companies licensed in
Connecticut are authorized to write all lines of insurance with the excep-
tion of life contracts.
A new annual statement blank has been adopted for the use of all fire
and casualty companies. This statement blank replaces five different blanks
formerly required. It does not mean that the problem of properly evalu-
ating these companies is decreased. Quite the contrary. It is much simpler
to analyze a company which confines its business to four or five lines of
coverage than it is to audit a statement covering twenty-five or more
diversified lines.
As far as the Department is concerned, instead of supervising 274
fire companies and 148 casualty companies which were licensed as of July
123
124 INSURANCE DEPARTMENT
1, 1950, in effect we are now required to supervise what amounts to ap-
proximately 400 fire companies and the same number of casualty com-
panies. It is evident that this development will directly increase the work
of the staff assigned to actuarial, examining, investment, and valuation
duties. Also, indirectly, that of all other divisions of the Department.
The total number of employees at the present time is 55. Ten years
ago, the number was 52. Since that time, it became necessary to supervise
rates and a division employing three rate analysts and one stenographer
was created. In effect, and despite the fact that the volume of assets of
insurance companies doing business in Connecticut has doubled in the
last ten years, together with the addition of many new diverse and com-
plex lines of coverage, the number of personnel in this Department has
remained unchanged.
Several new laws concerning the business of insurance were passed
by the last Legislature, but one act in particular is deserving of special
mention. Reference is made to the Uniform Accident and Sickness Provisions
Law. The accident and health coverage by private insurers has grown tre-
mendously in recent years and now constitutes a major line of insurance.
Literally thousands of policies have been devised with a diverse combination
of benefits.
It has long been recognized that all accident and health policies should
be required to contain certain clauses and requirements. This matter has
been the subject of intensive study by the National Association of Insurance
Commissioners for several years and the present legislation is the result
of its conclusion. The bill has been adopted by many other states and in
many respects provides new and increased protection to policy-holders.
FINANCES
The Department derives its operating revenues from biennial legis-
lation appropriations. The appropriation for the years 1950-1951, after
restrictions, was $259,764.88.
Table I
Disbursements for Salaries and Expenses During Fiscal Years
as Indicated
Disbursements for
Fiscal Year Salaries and Expenses
1941-1942 $143,877.95
1942-1943 147,725.11
1943-1944 158,418.75
1944-1945 162,097.47
1945-1946 171,679.74
1946-1947 201,825.94
1947-1948 215,388.65
1948-1949 231,161.64
1949-1950 235,744.03
1950-1951 255,063.09
(Ten year Ratio of Increase: 77.3%)
The number of employees July 1, 1950 was 55, On June 30, 1951,
the number was 55.
Table II tabulates the total admitted assets of licensed companies from
December 31, 1941 to December 31, 1950.
INSURANCE DEPARTMENT 125
Table II
Total Admitted Assets of All Companies Licensed in Connecticut
At Calendar Year-Ends as Indicated
December 31st Total Admitted Assets
1941 $33,363,645,743.13
1942 35,811,117,026.04
1943 38,755.278,042.50
1944 42,088,496,384.06
1945 45,897,423,932.81
1946 49,091,430.708.16
1947 52,804,050,210.82
1948 57,006,056,533.21
1949 61,577,149,349.32
1950 66,434,960,697.00
(Ratio of Increase: 99.12%)
Total admitted assets of insurance companies domiciled in Con-
necticut, as of December 31, 1950. amounted to $7,584,843,948.31.
The Insurance Department collects taxes and fees from companies
not domiciled in Connecticut. The Tax Department collects taxes from
domestic companies only.
Tax collections for the year ending June 30, 1951, are as follows:
June 30, 1951— Premium Taxes & Fees $3,377,036.08
Tax Department — Premium Taxes 1,414,773.17
Total Premium & Fee Tax Collections $4,791,809.25
Tax Department— Interest & Dividend Taxes 2,210,913.22
Total of all Taxes $7,002,722.47
Table III
Receipts of premium taxes, licenses and fees from all companies
licensed in Connecticut during fiscal years as indicated
(Taxes on interest and dividends not included.)
Receipts of Premium
Fiscal Year Taxes, Licenses and Fees
1941-1942 $2,022,305.45
1942-1943 2,145,202.09
1943-1944 2,234,419.06
1944-1945 2,762,430.98
1945-1946 2,917,146.67
1946-1947 3,225,266.61
1947-1948 3,683,151.25
1948-1949 4,068,622.41
1949-1950 5,593,224.11
1950-1951 4,791,809.25
(Ratio of Increase omitted because of collection of two years premium
taxes by Tax Department in period 1949-1950).
ACTUARIAL AND EXAMINING DIVISION
All actuarial and company examination work is under the general
supervision of the actuary and director of examinations. The actuarial
work includes the computation of the policy reserve liability of each
domestic life insurance company annually as required by statute. This
126 INSURANCE DEPARTMENT
function is performed by the valuation division consisting of a chief of
valuations and eleven clerks. Each policy in force is represented by a card
in our files. Hollerith machines are used for this purpose for four out of
the five domestic life companies. Approximately 2,862,500 policies were
handled in the valuation as of December 31, 1950, in addition to a sub-
stantial volume of individual and group annuities. The number of policies
in force has increased by more than one-third during the last decade. The
Commissioner issues his certificate as to the total policy reserve as com-
puted in the case of each company and such certificate is accepted by all
states in which the companies are licensed. The total reserve liability of our
domestic life companies was about $4,200,000,000 as of December 31, 1950.
This Division also performs the necessary actuarial computations in con-
nection with the Connecticut Municipal Employees' Retirement System
and compiles the statistical tables and other necessary copy for the Com-
missioner's Annual Report of condition of companies.
According to law, all domestic insurance companies must be examined
at least every five years. Fraternal benefit societies must be examined trien-
nially. The insurance department of each savings and insurance bank and
the Savings Banks Life Insurance Fund must be examined biennially and
Connecticut Hospital Service, Incorporated, and Connecticut Medical
Service, Incorporated, annually.
In 1950 this Department examined the following organizations:
Aetna Insurance Company (Convention)
The Century Indemnity Company (Convention)
The Connecticut Commercial Travelers' Mutual Accident and Health
Association
The Connecticut Fire Insurance Company (Convention)
Connecticut Hospital Service, Incorporated
Connecticut Medical Service, Incorporated
The Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company (Convention)
The Connecticut Valley Mutual Hail Insurance Company «
The Fire and Casualty Insurance Company of Connecticut
The First Slovak Wreath of the Free Eagle
The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company (Con-
vention)
Northeastern Insurance Company of Hartrord
Orient Insurance Company (Convention)
The Phoenix Insurance Company (Convention)
Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company (Convention)
The World Fire and Marine Insurance Company (Convention)
Those examinations marked "Conventions" involved participation by
examiners of various other states under the Convention Examination sys-
tem as administered by the National Association of Insurance Commis-
sioners. Other duties of the Actuary and Director of Examinations in-
clude the following: Approval of life, accident and health and workmen's
compensation policy forms ; supervision of audit and conduct of correspon-
dence relating to the annual and other statements received from the 529
licensed companies ; recommendations as to renewal or non-renewal of
company licenses ; analysis of company applications for admission and rec-
INSURANCE DEPARTMENT 127
ommendations as to their disposition ; supervision of make-up and prepar-
ation of Commissioner's Annual Report ; responsibility for make-up of
blanks furnished to companies for annual statement purposes ; adminis-
tration of legal requirements as to retaliatory bonds and retaliatory de-
posits with the State Treasurer.
The actuary renders actuarial service to the State Teachers' Retire-
ment System. He computes the value of life uses and remainders for tax
purposes at the request of the Tax Commissioner ; cooperates with the
Chief of Licenses and Claims in handling policy claims involving techni-
cal actuarial features ; supervises the audit of tax returns submitted by
non-resident and foreign companies (resulting in additional tax collections
of approximately $10,000.00 during the last fiscal year) ; serves on techni-
cal committees of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners.
The Actuary is Assisted by three grade III stenographers.
This Department is urgently in need of an Assistant Actuary who
could assist the Actuary and Director of Examinations and perform his
duties in an emergency. There is no understudy whatever for this position
at the present time. Up to several years ago, the Department had a com-
petent Assistant Actuary. However, due to the increase in work and con-
sant pressure on appropriations and personnel, the former Assistant
Actuary was made Chief Examiner of Life Companies and devotes his
entire time to that position.
SECURITY DIVISION
This Division operates in close association with the Examining and
Actuarial Divisions in maintainng constant supervision over the port-
folios and investment practices of all licensed insurance companies. This
work, in addition to other duties, is supervised by the Deputy Commis-
sioner and Investment Associate. All tax returns other than those of
companies which are domiciled in Connecticut are audited in this Division.
The two "Connecticut Assigned Risk Plans", automobile and com-
pensation, are supervised by the investment associate.
The condition of The Western Connecticut Title and Mortgage Com-
pany and the Hartford County Tobacco Growers Mutual Insurance Com-
pany, two companies being liquidated by the Commissioner as receiver,
shows little change. The assets of The Western Connecticut Title and
Mortgage Company consist of cash, receivables and seventeen mortgages
with a book value, as of June 30, 1951, of $799,369.77. All the mortgages
but one are being amortized. When all assets are reduced to cash, the
proceeds will be distributed to creditors. The amount due creditors as of
June 30, 1951, amounts to $909,629.54. At one time it appeared that
creditors might eventually receive full payment, but the Court decided and
ordered that the State be paid $57,731.25 for services rendered. Conse-
quently, while creditors will eventually receive substantial payment, it will
not be in full for the amount due them.
Pressure of other duties has delayed the distribution of the assets of
the Hartford County Tobacco Growers Mutual Insurance Company. These
assets amount to approximately $3,000.00.
128 INSURANCE DEPARTMENT
RATING DIVISION
The principle function of the rating division continues to be the con-
sideration of rate and rule filings submitted by companies and rating
bureaus, and the number of filings processed, approximately 600, was
about the same as in previous years.
Important changes included a revised manual of rates and rules for
explosion and earthquake insurance, new schedules for rating farm and
oil risks, a revision of the automobile casualty manual of rules, revised
rates for the general liability classes based on area and frontage and a
reduction in burglary rates. New coverages developed by fire insurance
companies were a deductible insurance plan, an excess of loss coverage
plan, and an additional extended coverage endorsement for dwelling pro-
perties.
The multiple location rating problem was resolved by the filing of
two rating plans, one by the rating association and the other by certain
groups of companies. The Multiple Peril Insurance Rating Organization,
recently formed for the rating of multiple peril policies on a country-wide
basis, will be licensed in Connecticut and comes under the supervision of
this Division. A study of fire insurance rates by the rating division and
the rating association was not complete and results are not yet available<
Because the National Council on Compensation Insurance does not
operate in New York State, although the main ofhce is in New York City,
Connecticut was named by the National Association of Insurance Com-
missioners as the domicile state for examination purposes. In accordance
with the rating law, an examination of that bureau was started on May 15,
1951, under the direction of the Connecticut Casualty Rate Analyst with
the participation of personnel of other states, but is not yet complete.
LICENSES AND CLAIMS
It is with this Division of the Insurance Department that the public
has greatest contact. Prospective agents, brokers, and adjusters here apply
for their licenses, and citizens of Connecticut seek advice and guidance
on their insurance problems.
LICENSES
During the year 1950, 2231 written examinations were given to 1600
applicants for agents', brokers', and adjusters' licenses, an increase of 319
applicants over 1949. Under the law, a separate agent's license is re-
quired for each insurance company to be represented by an insurance
agency. In 1950, there were 43,048 such licenses issued to 7837 resident
and 839 non-resident insurance agencies. There were also issued 43 resi-
dent and 1002 non-resident brokers' licenses and 765 adjusters' licenses.
The fees charged for the non-resident licenses are based on the fee
that the state in which the applicant resides would charge a resident of our
State, and on the fee charged by the state in which the insurance company
to be represented is domiciled. The purpose of this law is to protect Con-
necticut's substantial interest in the insurance industry. Although it en-
tails considerable work to maintain a continuous record of the fees, re-
strictions, and prohibitions imposed by forty-seven other states in addi-
tion to the District of Columbia, the additional revenue is substantial, and
INSURANCE DEPARTMENT 129
this law is Connecticut's only control over the requirements of other states
imposed upon Connecticut's agents, brokers, and insurance companies.
Connecticut has long recognized the importance of well-trained and
informed insurance agents and brokers for the protection of the insuring
public. In that connection, in 1945, the department published and insti-
tuted the use of Question and Answer Booklets, the purpose of which was
to give the applicants for licenses, at least a fundamental knowledge of the
contracts they intended to sell and service. These booklets served their
purpose and were adopted by many other states, but with increased public
demand for additional insurance coverages in one policy contract, com-
petent agents and brokers, to properly serve their clients, must today be
qualified in many additional lines of insurance. Recognizing that trend,
the Department, in January, 1950, appointed an all-industry Committee
to work out more comprehensive qualifying examinations to be used in
determining the training and competency of license applicants. In Decem-
ber, 1950, the Department announced that, commencing six months, hence,
new examinations of the multiple-choice-answer type would be adopted.
To successfully pass these examinations, a thorough training will be re-
quired, and to obtain that training, Dean Lawrence Ackerman, University
of Connecticut, has prepared for the establishment of night study courses
wherever the demand arises at nominal cost to the applicant.
In October, 1950, through the cooperation of the University of Con-
necticut, the Insurance Department commenced holding its written exam-
inations in the University building on Woodland Street, Hartford. This
new arrangement not only helped relieve the limited parking facilities in
the proximity of the State Office Building, where examinations were
formerly conducted, but made available within the building office space so
sorely needed for the Department's increased activities.
CLAIMS
This Division serves as the investigative agency of the Department.
It affords the public an opportunity to present its grievances against in-
surance companies and agents. A total of 841 inquiries and claims were
investigated in 1950, as compared with 650 in 1949.
A portion of this increase, however, resulted from the destructive
windstorm of November 25, 1950, which caused the greatest number of
claims in the history of insurance for any single catastrophe. This work
required some companies and adjusting firms to handle a five-year volume
of losses in two months. Trained adjusters were summoned from all over
the United States to the stricken area, and the fact that fewer than fifty
windstorm claims out of an estimated 80,000 in Connecticut, were brought
to the Department, speaks well for the insurance industry as a whole.
BANKING DEPARTMENT
Established — 1836
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 5731 to 6023
Administrative head — Lynwood K. Elmore, Bank
Commissioner
Deputy administrator — Reinhard J. Bardeck,
Deputy Bank Commissioner
Central office — State Office Building, Room 237;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 670
Average number of full-time employees — General
Division — 58 ; Liquidation Division — 2
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $286,020.90
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $283,756.25
Capital outlay, $22.04
Total expenditures, $283,778.29
Reimbursement of expenses by entities supervised and miscellaneous re-
ceipts, $197,793.75
Cost to state of administration of department, $85,984.54
Organisation structure — 1. General Division; (a) Bank examination divi-
sion; (b) Securities, small loan and sales finance division. 2. Liquidation
division
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1951
The Banking Law of the state of Connecticut, which was recodified
and modernized in 1947, charges the Bank Commissioner with the ex-
amination and general supervision of state-chartered banks and related
financial institutions. Over and above this general authority, there are
approximately ninety specific powers and duties of the Bank Commissioner
set forth in these laws. Among the most important are those giving the
Commissioner the power to restrict the business of a bank in the interest
of its depositors and the public or to apply for a receiver for it ; the duty
of approving or disapproving the establishment of branches ; the investiga-
tion of securities salesmen and brokers; and the issuance of regulations
for small loan businesses.
130
BANKING DEPARTMENT 131
The chartering of new banks is decided by the Banking Commission,
which is composed of the State Treasurer, the State Comptroller, and the
Bank Commissioner. In addition to that very important power, the Bank-
ing Commission also has authority to grant or refuse fiduciary powers to
newly-organized banks ; authorize mergers ; approve changes in bank
capitalization or in names of banks or transfer of bank franchises; and
decide upon the establishment of small loan companies.
The grave power of removal of bank officials for violation of law or
for unsafe and unsound practices lies with the Bank Commissioner's ad-
visory council upon citation to it by the Bank Commissioner. The Advisory
Council is a body of seven citizens appointed by the Governor. Its only
other direct power is the changing of established reserve requirements of
banks, but the Bank Commissioner may confer with the members of the
council on all matters relating to the welfare and security of any institu-
tion under his supervision or to the welfare and security of the depositors
and creditors of such institutions. Reserve requirements were increased on
January 15, 1951 from 5% to 6% of time deposits and from 12% to 14%
of demand deposits, consonant with similar action by the Federal Reserve
authorities.
The essential purpose of the laws administered by the Banking De-
partment is to furnish protection to money and financial affairs of the citi-
zens of the state handled by our banks and related financial institutions.
This is of paramount importance, not only to the citizens as individuals,
but also to the state, itself, as an economic unit, since money and credit,
with their flow and counterflow, are the foundation of the economy of a
community. The purpose of the examinations made by the Banking De-
partment is the determination that an institution is complying with the
law to which it is subject, that it is solvent, that it has the assets it claims
to have and that those assets are worth at least their book value, that its
management is sound, and that its methods and operations are modern
and efficient. In addition to this type of protection, other interests of our
citizens are safeguarded by laws administered by the Banking Department
relating to the sale of securities, the making of small loans to necessitous
borrowers, the practices of sales finance companies, and the liquidation of
closed banks.
The appropriation to the Banking Department for the fiscal year
ended June 30, 1951 was $286,020.90 and expenditures totaled $283,778.29.
Under the provisions of Section 5735 of the General Statutes, two-thirds
of the expenses of the Banking Department, after initial deduction of $50,-
000, are directly assessed against banks and building or savings and loan
associations in accordance with their size. The other organizations and
individuals under the supervision of the Bank Commissioner are required
by law to pay actual costs of examination or to pay for an annual license
or permit. Total receipts from these sources amounted to $197,793.75, so
that the actual cost to the State of administration of the department was
$85,984.54.
A substantial amount of legislation affecting the department and the
organizations it supervises was acted upon by the 1951 General Assembly.
There were 50 bills heard by the Banks Committee of the legislature and
a smaller number in which the department was interested were heard by
other committees, chiefly the Judiciary. Fifty-four of these bills were
132 BANKING DEPARTMENT
enacted into law, 39 of which were passed through the Banks Committee.
In addition to our appearances at the hearings of the various committees,
the department furnished members of the bank committee with a memoran-
dum on each bill to be heard. The individual memorandum contained an
explanation of the measure ; the present law on the subject, if any ; an
objective comment on the effect of the proposal ; and a statement of the
attitude of the department toward the bill. This procedure has been fol-
lowed by us in several sessions and is considered of value to busy legis-
lators. One of the most important bills passed was that authorizing a
national banking association to convert into or merge or consolidate with a
state bank and trust company, implementing federal legislation to this end
that was passed in 1950. The authority for the contra-conversion, that is, a
state bank to a national banking association, has existed for nearly one
hundred years and has heretofore had a discriminatory effect against state
banks. The present act, therefore, eliminates this discrimination and re-
stores an equitable relationship between the two banking systems in this
respect. Reciprocity of this kind is fundamental in the maintenance of a
strong dual banking system.
BANK EXAMINATION DIVISION
The major portion of the work of the Department lies in the super-
vision by this division of the banks and other organizations listed below.
Each one must, under the law, be examined at least once a year. The
schedule below indicates the required scope of our examinations and re-
veals in its dollar totals the importance of these institutions in the financial
life of the state and its citizens, as well as the measure of the Depart-
ment's responsibilities.
Total Assets
Type of Institution
Number
as of June 30, 1951
Savings banks
72
$1,541,417,043.03
Savings banks life insurance departments
8
1,485,654.49 (a)
State banks and trust companies
55
954,411,673.54
Trust departments of state banks and trust
companies
48
748,395,617.77 (a)
Building or savings and loan associations
31
73,757,167.80
Industrial banks
7
7,110,387.40
Private bankers
2
1,807,399.12
Credit unions
78
2,689,734.41 (a)
Trustees under mortgages or deeds of trust
of real property
4
1,963,141.62 (a)
Money forwarders
2
(b)
307 $3,333,037,819.18
(a) Not required to report on June 30, 1951. Assets shown are as of nearest report
or examination date.
(b) No specific assets. Account only for money forwarded.
The statutory requirement of one examination each year of all entities
under the supervision of the Bank Commissioner was met in the calendar
year of 1950. Many of these examinations were conducted jointly with the
examiners of the Federal Reserve Banks of Boston and New York, the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the Federal Home Loan
Bank Board, as an aid to the institutions who are members of these federal
agencies. All of these joint examinations are under the direct supervision
BANKING DEPARTMENT 133
of the examiners of this Department. In addition to annual examinations
of the above organizations, the law requires the Bank Commissioner to
take trial balances of the savings depositors' individual ledgers at least
once each five years. This involves all of the 72 savings banks and the 46
state banks and trust companies which solicit savings deposits. During
the calendar year 1950, 47 such trial balances were taken.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES IN BANKS AND RELATED
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
The following mergers were effected during the last fiscal year with
the approval of the Banking Commission :
Home Bank and Trust Company of Darien with and into the Stamford Trust
Company
Park Street Trust Company of Hartford with and into the Phoenix State Bank
and Trust Company of Hartford
Portland Trust Company with and into the Riverside Trust Company of
Hartford
Watertown Trust Company with and into the Colonial Trust Company of
Waterbury
The business of the absorbed banks in each case is being continued as
a branch of the resulting bank. In addition to these mergers, the Colonial
Trust Company of Waterbury purchased the assets of the Thomaston
National Bank and was granted a branch privilege at that site. Branches
were also approved in the following cases :
Fidelity Title and Trust Company of Stamford, at 850 East Main Street,
Stamford
Phoenix State Bank and Trust Company of Hartford, at Newington Center
Phoenix State Bank and Trust Company of Hartford, at 564-566 Farmington
Avenue, Hartford
Riverside Trust Company of Hartford, at 919 Albany Avenue, Hartford*
Stamford Trust Company, at Noroton Heights, Darien*
City Savings Bank of Bridgeport, at 3680 Main Street, Stratford*
Mechanics Savings Bank of Hartford, at Farmington Avenue and Laurel Street,
Hartford*
New Haven Savings Bank, at 36 Fountain Street, Westville, New Haven
New Haven Savings Bank, at 197 Grand Avenue, New Haven
Society for Savings of Hartford, at Barry Square, Hartford
Thomaston Savings Bank, at 737 Main Street, Watertown*
*Not established on June 30, 1951.
When all of these branches have been established, there will be 31 com-
mercial bank branches operated by 9 state banks and trust companies, and
10 savings bank branches operated by 6 savings banks.
Two state banks and trust companies were absorbed by national banks :
East Hartford Trust Company, by the Hartford National Bank and Trust
Company
Shelton Trust Company, by the First National Bank and Trust Company of
Bridgeport
Five state banks and trust companies increased their capital in the aggre-
gate amount of $1,105,000 during the year.
Seven new credit unions have been licensed since June 30, 1950. This
thrift movement under state charter has shown rapid expansion in recent
years, but the credit union structure in Connecticut is still predominantly
under federal law. The increase in the organization of new credit unions
134 BANKING DEPARTMENT
under state charter is the result of the modernization of the state credit
union law. A number of liberalizations were made in the 1951 session of
the General Assembly, so that the state laws are now more comparable to
those of other states and to the federal law. This increase in the number
of state-chartered credit unions necessitates specialized attention to their
supervision. One credit union filed papers of voluntary dissolution with
the Secretary of State prior to June 30, 1950 and is still in the process of
liquidation.
Two mortgage trustees discontinued operations during the year.
LEGAL INVESTMENTS FOR SAVINGS BANKS AND
SAVINGS DEPARTMENTS
The department is charged with the duty of determining what securi-
ties meet the requirements of law relating to the investments of savings
deposits, and it must issue a continuous list of such securities. As of June
30, 1951, there were 846 bonds and 118 bank stocks on the list, together
with 83 approved municipalities.
Railroad bond issues which appear on the list are selected by a com-
mittee established under the law and known as the Savings Bank Railroad
Investment Committee. This committee consists of six members ap-
pointed by the Governor on nomination by the Bank Commissioner and
the banks of the state. In addition to investments specifically named in
the list issued by the Commissioner, savings funds to a limited amount
may be invested in bonds which, in the opinion of the bank making the
investment, are prudent investments for it to make. This privilege is not
lightly exercised but does, within the limitations of statute, allow invest-
ment in some securities which are considered sound but do not meet
certain technical legal requirements.
SECURITIES, SMALL LOAN AND SALES FINANCE DIVISION
This division administers the laws relating to security brokers and
dealers, salesmen, investment counsel, investment counsel agents, small
loan licensees and sales finance licensees.
SECURITIES
The Connecticut Securities act is commonly referred to as the fraud
type of law, providing for the detection, prevention and prohibition of
fraud and fraudulent transactions in the securities business. The law re-
quires the registration of brokers, dealers, salesmen, investment counsel
and investment counsel agents who engage in business within or from this
state. The Connecticut Securities Act does not, however, provide for the
registration or qualification of securities other than mining or oil securities,
nor are securities approved or disapproved in any manner.
It is intended that only financially responsible, reputable persons be
registered as brokers. Maintenance of adequate and liquid working capital
for the protection of customers is required. The Department is endowed
with broad powers to make investigations and to refuse, suspend or cancel
registrations and to institute injunctive proceedings. Whenever a financial
report filed by a broker or dealer reflects a weak financial condition, prompt
BANKING DEPARTMENT 135
inquiry is made to determine whether customers' funds and securities are
in jeopardy and whether remedial action may be necessary or appropriate.
During the year, 231 broker and dealer registrations were granted,
of which 216 represented registrations previously in effect. One registra-
tion was cancelled, one was refused and one application was withdrawn at
the request of the applicant. Salesmen's registrations numbered 890, of
which 749 represented registrations previously in effect. Four salesmen's
applications for registration were withdrawn at the applicants' request.
There were 18 investment counsel registrations and 15 investment counsel
agents' registrations granted. Five mining or oil permits were issued, one
of which was a renewal.
There were 89 general inspections of the books and records of brokers
and dealers during the year and 14 investigations involving securities were
made as a result of inquiries or specific complaints. One of the investiga-
tions revealed violations of law which were reported to the State's Attorney
in the appropriate county in accordance with the governing statutory pro-
visions. This case was prosecuted and a conviction obtained.
Connecticut residents have been constantly solicited by mail and tele-
phone to purchase Canadian mining and oil securities not qualified under
the Connecticut Securities Act and offered by Toronto brokers and dealers
who are not registered to do business in this state. Most of these promo-
tions have been examined by the Securities and Exchange Commission
and have been found to be fraudulent and in violation of the United States
Securities laws. Prosecution is practically impossible because of lack of
jurisdiction. United States Postal Authorities have issued fraud orders in
many cases, designed to prevent mail from reaching the promoters from
the United States. These are only partially successful, however, because
of constant changing of address and name. The most effective way of
stopping this fraudulent promotion is to acquaint the public with the true
circumstances and, to this end, Commissioner Elmore has given a number
of talks on this subject to service clubs and other organizations in Con-
necticut.
SMALL LOAN
The purpose of the small loan law and regulations is to help and pro-
tect persons in the low-income group who lack money for necessitous pur-
poses and who find it difficult to obtain loans from other lending institu-
tions. Each small loan company is licensed by the Department and is
strictly regulated in its operations. The Banking Department promulgates
regulations implementing the law and examines each licensee annually.
During the year, the regulations were reviewed and completely rewritten ;
new regulations became effective February 15, 1951. Loans may not ex-
ceed $500 and lenders are not permitted to take any form of security other
than the note of the borrower with one or more comakers. The legislature
constantly subjects the operations of these lenders to careful scrutiny since
they are allowed to charge more than ordinary rates of interest. Current
rates permitted by law are three per cent per month on that part of the
unpaid principal balance of any loan not in excess of one hundred dollars,
two per cent per month on that part of the unpaid principal balance in
excess of one hundred dollars but not in excess of three hundred dollars,
136 BANKING DEPARTMENT
and one-half of one per cent per month on any remainder of such unpaid
principal balance.
There were 17 licensed small loan companies in operation on June 30,
1951. Six applications for licenses were filed during the year. Three were
approved and two denied by the Banking Commission and one application
is now pending. Six requests for permission to change locations were
granted following surveys by the division.
The total assets of the 75 companies licensed on September 30, 1950,
date of the last annual report, were $16,284,259.52. At that time, there
was a total of $14,282,977.80 in outstanding loans.
Nine complaints against licensed loan companies were investigated.
None were found to require action by this Department. As a result of an
examination by this Department of one licensee, it was discovered that in-
terest had not been reduced to twelve per cent per annum at the expiration
of twenty months and that loans had been renewed and refinanced after
the expiration of twenty months in violation of statute. Because of the
statutory penalty concerning these violations, the licensee sustained a sub-
stantial loss through interest refunded and loan balances voided.
SALES FINANCE
Chapter 286 of the General Statutes provides that each person engaged
in this state in the business of acquiring retail installment contracts from
retail sellers must be licensed by the Bank Commissioner. The licensees,
however, are not subject to examination or supervision by this depart-
ment, except upon written complaint. They must, nevertheless, conform
with the provisions of Chapter 311 of the General Statutes which deals
with retail installment sales financing. The intent of the law is to provide
that the seller shall make available to the purchaser a full and fair dis-
closure of all the material facts concerning a retail installment sales financ-
ing transaction. The law stipulates standards and procedures for the making
and foreclosure of installment sales contracts and for the redemption and
resale of the goods involved, and provides for a refund credit when a
contract is paid before maturity.
There were 97 sales finance companies licensed on June 30, 1951.
During the year, 98 licenses were issued, of which 89 were granted to
previous licensees, and 9 were new licenses. One license was cancelled by
request.
All complaints and inquiries received were promptly checked or an-
swered, and investigations were made where necessary. Numerous settle-
ments of misunderstandings between sales finance licensees and the public
were effected during the year. Seventy-six inspections of the books and
records of licensees were made relating to statutory compliance.
Four investigations revealed violations of statute and they were re-
ported to the proper authorities for appropriate action in accordance with
statute. Three cases were prosecuted and two convictions obtained.
BANK RECEIVERSHIP AND LIQUIDATION DIVISION
The Bank Commissioner became receiver of all closed banks in 1935
under a law passed in that year in response to public protest against the
high liquidation costs of private receiverships. As receiver, the Commis-
BANKING DEPARTMENT
137
sioner is subject to the jurisdiction of the Superior Court, which has re-
quired an orderly liquidation of remaining assets. A complete review of
the progress of the receiverships since 1935 is not pertinent to this report,
but it may be said that the chief objective of the law has been attained.
The personnel and expenses of the division have been curtailed and now,
as the receiverships are in their final stages, the organization consists of
but 5 persons, not including the part time of an assistant attorney general.
Expenses are assessed directly against the closed banks, so there is no
direct cost to the state in this activity. Detailed reports are submitted semi-
annually to the Superior Court and all receipts and disbursements are
subject to court audit.
During the year, final dividends were paid as follows : Citizens Bank
and Trust Company, New Haven, savings department — 4 per cent ;
Mechanics Bank, New Haven, savings department — 3.8 per cent, and
commercial department — 4 per cent. This completes the dividend payments
to depositors in all receiverships.
Final accounts have been submitted to and approved by the Superior
Court and the corporations ordered dissolved in all but four bank re-
ceiverships. The remaining four are scheduled to be presented to the
Superior Court during the coming fall term for final processing. A few
miscellaneous assets still unliquidated in these cases have been earmarked
by the Court to be collected by the receiver to meet the expenses necessary
to close up these receiverships.
The Hartford Jewish Credit Union, Inc., closed as a result of an em-
bezzlement and placed in this division for liquidation, has been completely
liquidated and shareholders have received 100 per cent in final dividends
on their accounts.
A record of the total dividends paid on all bank receiverships (pay-
ments final) is given below:
Bank
American Bank & Trust Company, Bridgeport
Broadway Bank & Trust Company, New Haven
Citizens Bank & Trust Company, New Haven
City Bank & Trust Company, Hartford
Commercial Bank & Trust Company, Bridgeport
Commercial Trust Company, New Britain
East Hampton Bank & Trust Company
Hamden Bank & Trust Company
Manchester Trust & Safe Deposit Company
Mechanics Bank, New Haven
Merchants Trust Company, Waterbury
Unionville Bank & Trust Company
West Haven Bank & Trust Company
Windsor Locks Trust & Safe Deposit Company
Commercial
Savings
Department
Department
50%
94.7%
45%
83.6%
50%
86y3%
98%
99^%
52%
87.7%
50.4%
86^4%
97%
100%
54%
93%
70*4%
No sav. dept.
44%
88.8%
90%
97^%
8034%
98%
56%
93^%
100%
100%
OTHER ACTIVITIES
The importance of continuing adult education is being increasingly
recognized by both bankers and bank supervisors. Much progress has been
made along this line in the Connecticut State Banking Department and
with most beneficial results.
138 BANKING DEPARTMENT
The Graduate School of Banking is the outstanding professional bank-
ing school in the country. It presents three summer sessions of two weeks'
duration and offers courses in commercial banking, savings banking, in-
vestments and trusts. Extension work is carried on during the year over a
two-year period, with a thesis requirement culminating the course. One
examiner graduated from this School in 1951 and two others were in at-
tendance. Another examiner will enroll in 1952.
The Commissioner is a member of the executive committee of the
National Association of Supervisors of State Banks and is chairman of
two special committees of that association. He is president of the National
Association of State Savings, Building and Loan Supervisors and a mem-
ber of the Federal Savings and Loan Advisory Council, Washington, D.C.
MILK ADMINISTRATOR
Date established— May 28, 1933
General statutes — 1949 Revision, Chapter 143
Administrative head — D. O. Hammerberg, Ad-
ministrator
Deputy administrator — None
Central office—Room No. 400, State Office Build-
ing ; Telephone 2350
Average number of full-time employees — 42
Organisation structure — Administrative, Auditing,
Enforcement, Statistical and Licensing divisions
The duties of this Department are to establish minimum prices which
milk dealers are to pay to dairy farmers for milk purchased from them ; to
regulate certain marketing and trade practices (including those associated
with the handling of surplus milk) ; to maintain fairness and equity in
the relations between dealers and producers, and in the relations between
the industry and the public ; and to promote economy and efficiency in the
production and marketing of milk. The Department is also charged with
the responsibility of administering the Production Incentive Plan.
In the last annual report of the Milk Administrator, covering the
period July 1, 1949 to June 30, 1950, the fact was noted that there was
discernible in the economy, and thus also in the dairy industry, some
tendency toward economic stability. The outbreak of war in Korea abruptly
terminated any such tendency. Immediately after the outbreak of war, retail
and wholesale prices rose rapidly ; partly this was a result of war and
inflation psychology and partly a result of "scare buying" financed through
consumer credit and through the liquid reserves still held by the buying
public. Mobilization began almost immediately; manpower was diverted
into the military forces and into defense industries. Wage rates and em-
ployment rose quickly. In response to the upward movement in the indexes
139
140 MILK ADMINISTRATOR
(of department store sales, wholesale prices, feed and labor costs, etc.)
contained in the milk price formulas for neighboring markets, the prices
for milk in those markets advanced steadily for several months after the
beginning of the war.
For these reasons, it was necessary, upon two separate occasions dur-
ing the past year, to hold public hearings in Connecticut and to increase
the price for Class I milk in Order No. I, and for all milk in Order No.
Ill, after each of these hearings. The first of these increases was in the
amount of 44 cents per hundredweight and became effective on October 1,
1950; the second was for a like amount and became effective on February 1,
1951.
In an effort to provide ourselves with an automatic means of adapting
the industry to at least one of the unpredictable developments — -price un-
certainty— an attempt was made early last summer to relate the prices for
milk sold in fluid form in the Connecticut markets directly to the prices
established through a price formula contained in the federal marketing
order for the Boston, Massachusetts market. This formula was not ap-
proved until February 1, 1951, and did not become fully effective until
April 1, 1951. Meanwhile one of the indexes in the Boston formula — that
of department store sales — had been subject to rather sharp and somewhat
aberrational fluctuations ; "scare buying" had sent the index sharply up-
ward during the summer of 1950 and again in the early part of this cal-
endar year. During the spring months of this year, however, a sag occurred
in that index — probably induced by the excessive buying which had oc-
curred earlier — so that the price for Class I milk in Boston, and with it
the prices for milk here, decreased by 22 cents per hundredweight on June
1, 1951 ; the prospects (which later were confirmed) then were that the
price would be reduced still further on July 1.
These price decreases came at a time when the costs of producing
milk were increasing rather than decreasing, when the price for Class I
milk in the neighboring New York market was likely to increase, and at
the beginning of the season (July to November, inclusive) when our
supply of milk normally is at its seasonal low in relation to demand. The
decreases were brought about primarily by the aforementioned aberrational
changes in the index of New England department store sales. At best, this
index is the weakest element in the "Boston Formula" ; it is especially un-
stable when the economy may be subject to periods of excessive "war-
scare" buying on the one hand, or war-induced shortages of goods, on
the other. The price changes resulting from those alterations of this index
were contra-seasonal in character and were not consistent with the move-
ments of prices in other markets or other commodities, with the general
milk supply situation, nor with trends in costs.
In our markets, the supluses on an annual basis and the seasonal
variations in production are both very much smaller in magnitude than
they are in the two large, neighboring, federally regulated markets which
adjoin and nearly surround the supply areas of our own markets. It was
therefore evident, if a formula method of pricing milk were to be adopted
again in our markets, that careful consideration will need to be given to
these differences in the seasonal production patterns and that the seasonal
pricing pattern here will need to be adjusted (in relation to those applicable
MILK ADMINISTRATOR 141
in the federally regulated markets) to take account of these differences.
For these reasons the Class I price formula provisions in our orders (i.e.,
those which related the price for fluid milk in our markets to the price in
the Boston Order) were suspended on July 1, 1951.
During the fall and winter months of 1950-1951, a new milk product
was introduced in several large cities — Wilmington, Delaware, Boston,
Massachusetts, and certain others in the East North Central States and
on the West Coast. This product, which came to be known as "Concen-
trated Milk" is produced through the evaporation, usually under conditions
of low temperature and high vacuum,-of a large proportion of the orginal
water content of the raw milk. The reduction in volume usually is in the
ratio of three to one — i.e., three quarts of raw milk are concentrated into
one quart of the finished product. This concentrated product can then be
shipped to markets (at little more than one-third of the cost which would
be incurred in shipping the whole milk from which it was produced)
where it then can be pasteurized and distributed in a manner similar if
not identical to that used for whole milk. Purchasers of the concentrated
product can restore it to the consistency of whole milk by adding two units
of water to one unit of the concentrate. For optimum results, the product
needs to be made from whole milk of good quality, processed with modern
equipment, and then diluted with water of good quality which will impart
no objectionable flavors or characteristics to the reconstituted dilution.
The introduction of this product has created certain economic prob-
lems of classification and pricing, and others pertaining to quality and
sanitation control. Primarily, the product is designed to serve as a substi-
tute for fresh whole milk, although it may have a multitude of other uses
as well. The product is not sterilized, and hence needs to be made origin-
ally from milk which is acceptable, on the basis of quality standards, for
milk to be used in fluid form; it likewise needs to be pasteurized and
handled in the same manner as whole milk. Because of the great reduction
which is effected in weight and volume, substantial economies are possible
in transportation, handling and storage costs ; it likewise has the advantage
of requiring less storage space in home refrigerators. Offsetting these, to
a greater or lesser extent, are the additional processing costs incurred in
the evaporation process, the inconvenience of reconstituting (i.e., mixing
the concentrate with water to restore it to the taste and consistency of
whole milk) and the critical dependence upon the right kind of a water
supply. In certain situations (e.g., where storage space is limited) and for
certain kinds of trade outlets (sales through stores, commissaries and the
like) this product may become very important in the future.
Connecticut dairy laws made no provision for a product of this kind
prior to the last session of the General Assembly. At that session, a law
was enacted which enables the Milk Regulation Board to establish appro-
priate definitions and standards for it through regulations. Such regula-
tions have not yet been issued and the product has not yet been introduced
in Connecticut markets ; consequently, no adaptations have been made in
the Price Orders with specific regard for this product. Such adaptations
undoubtedly will need to be made whenever the product is introduced here.
In the Boston and New York markets, the whole milk used to produce
this product is classified and priced on the same basis, i.e., as Class I, as
milk sold in fluid form.
142 MILK ADMINISTRATOR
Unsettled conditions in the Providence market — created largely if not
exclusively by the sale in that market of surplus milk from the New York
market at prices and on terms based upon the peculiar pricing arrangement
specified in the federal order for the New York market for milk sold in
non-federal order markets — finally have induced the producers for the
Providence market to request a federal milk order for that market. Public
hearings were held in June; no federal order has yet been issued and
decisions probably have not yet been made with respect to the terms of any
such order. If it is issued — and it of course will be if the producers serving
that market approve the terms of the tentative order which will be pro-
posed preliminarily — all of the major markets of Rhode Island, except
Newport, may be regulated by the terms of that order; even the town of
Stonington, Connecticut, may be included in the market area thus regu-
lated. Then the Connecticut markets will be almost completely surrounded,
except on the border facing Long Island Sound, by federally regulated
markets. This will intensify the need for effective correlation between the
terms of our Price Orders and those of the federal government, especially
if a number of Connecticut dealers become subject to regulation by both
state and federal orders ; it may also circumscribe still further the latitude
which we now have with respect to the terms of our orders. There does not
appear to be any immediate reason to believe, however, that the application
of a federal order to the Rhode Island market will create a need for a fed-
eral order for Connecticut. It is even possible that stabilization of economic
conditions there may defer any such danger, and that a more immediate
proximity of federal regulation may intensify the preference, which un-
doubtedly prevails here now, for the maintenance in our markets of a
system of state rather than federal regulation. It is necessary to emphasize,
in this connection however, that if state control is to be effective and work-
able in a situation like our own, surrounded as we now are — or soon may
be — by markets and supply areas in which the economic terms primarily
are defined and determined by federal market orders, that the terms of
those orders increasingly must be taken into account in any decisions which
are made here in matters pertaining to the price and other economic terms
of our own Price Orders.
MILK ADMINISTRATOR 143
OPERATING STATEMENT
JULY 1, 1950 TO JUNE 30, 1951
Balance of Cash on Hand July 1, 1950 $ 62,950.80
Receipts:
License Fees $ 30.00 (1949-50)
License Fees $73,757.75
Less Refunds 409.75 73,348.00 (1950-51)
Penalties 1,064.25
Transfer Fees 114.00 $ 74,556.25
Administrative Assessments 72,065.73
Less Refunds
14.54
72,051.19
146,607.44 $209,558.24
Disbursements :
Personal Services:
Salaries — Permanent Employees
133,694.40
Public Hearings
299.50
133,993.90
Contractual Services :
Advertising
122.79
Dues & Subscriptions
260.31
Traveling Expenses
2,107.69
Telephone & Telegraph
440.30
Rent — Postage Meter
108.79
Rent — Rooms for Meetings
40.00
Repairs — Office Equipment
910.89
Repairs — Motor Vehicles
612.67
1,523.56
4.40
Lunches — MA
Photostats
6.00
Printing
318.00
Fees — Other than Professional
39.80
4,971.64
Materials & Supplies :
Postage
889.58
Periodicals Not Subscribed For
25.50
Miscellaneous Office Supplies
3,610.67
Motor Vehicle Supplies— Gas & Oil
1,267.92
Motor Vehicle Supplies — Miscellaneous
453.13
Markers
420.00
6,666.80
New Equipment :
Office Equipment
2,501.53
Motor Vehicle
1,592.37
4,093.90
Total Charges For Milk Administrator
149,726.24
Add:
Connecticut Wholesale Milk Producers'
Council
Services — Council Secretary
295.33
Traveling Expenses
992.96
Lunches
375.26
Printing
362.00
Rent — Rooms for Meetings
27.50
Postage
42.30
Miscellaneous Office Supplies
61.75
2,157.10 151,883.34
Balance of Cash on Hand June 30, 1951
$57,674.90
144 MILK ADMINISTRATOR
NUMBER OF LICENSES ISSUED TO JUNE 30, 1951
AND AMOUNT OF FEES
No. of
Amount
Licenses
of Fees
Stores
3,464
$18,476.00
Stores Limited
1,725
3,776.00
Producer Dealers
375
4,136.00
Producer Dealers Buying
88
6,399.00
Merchant Dealers
171
37,290.50
Merchant Dealers Limited
1
2.00
Cream Dealers
19
503.50
Sub-Dealers
188
6,031
4,353.00
Total
$74,936.00
WHOLESALE MILK PRODUCERS' COUNCIL
aammamatmtam
JagacernMCT gMBBBaWB— BBWBBaga
£>
Established— 1941
Statutory authority. — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
'i§& vision, Section 3170 through 3174
JRSlStf-iS^ Administrative hea
a? — George B. Farnam, Secre-
tary
0$^— Wallingford. Telephone 9-3471
Average number of full-time employees — None
MEMBERS OF THE 1951 COUNCIL
Fairfield County — Fred Bresson, Sandy Hook, 1953 ; Nicholas Wa-
huda, Shelton, 1952; Sherwood Edwards, Easton, 1951.
New Haven County — Nelson C. Tucker, Cheshire, 1953 ; Charles F.
Treat, Orange, Chairman, 1952 ; George B. Farnam, Wallingford, Secre-
tary, 1951.
Tolland County — Edwin Smith, Amston, 1953 ; Norman Strong, Rock-
ville, 1952; John Duell, Rockville, 1951.
Windham County — Kaye Andrus, Ashford, 1953; Raymond Wing,
Putnam, 1952; T. E. Clark, Scotland, 1951.
New London County — Elmer Geer, Lebanon, 1953 ; Leon Tiffany,
Lyme, 1952; Ernest Scofield, Jr., Colchester, 1951.
Middlesex County — Victor Galgowski, Rockfall, 1953 ; Linus Strick-
land, Rockfall, 1952; W. B. Coe, Durham, Treasurer, 1951.
145
146 WHOLESALE MILK PRODUCERS' COUNCIL
Litchfield County — Casil Beecher, Winchester Center, Vice Chairman,
1953; W. C. Weik, Lakeside, 1952; H. B. Mosle, Litchfield, 1951.
Hartford County — Clinton Roberts, Bristol, 1953 ; Edwin J. Halcomb,
Weatogue, 1951.
OPERATING STATEMENT
July 1, 1950, to June 30, 1951
Budget Allotment for Year : $ 2,500.00
$ 295.33
1,757.72
104.05 2,157.10
Less :
Personal Services :
Secretary
Contractual Services :
Traveling Expenses
Lunches
Printing
Rent-Rooms for Meetings
$ 295.33
992.96
375.26
362.00
27.50
Materials and Supplies :
Postage
Miscellaneous Office Sup.
42.30
61.75
Balance of Allotment June 30, 1951 $ 342.90
This report of the Connecticut Wholesale Milk Producers Council is
made to the milk producers of the state of Connecticut. The members of
the Council have met monthly during the year to discuss the many milk
marketing problems which are continually arising.
Dr. Stewart Johnson of the economic department of the University of
Connecticut has kept us informed on the many statistics which affect the
marketing of our products. Donald O. Hammerberg, Milk Administrator,
has been a great source of information. Mr. H. Clifford Goslee of the
Department of Farms and Markets has kept us up to date on the health
and sanitary standards in the production and sale of milk.
To begin to list in detail the many marketing problems discussed and
acted upon during the year would make this report too lengthy. There-
fore, we will attempt to summarize the information and give the particular
highlights of paramount interest to producers.
It was apparent at the start of the Korean war that immediate steps
would have to be taken to protect the interests of milk producers in the
state. Accordingly, representatives of the various cooperatives selling milk
were invited to attend a meeting held in July to discuss the situation. It
was agreed by those present at the meeting that the best way to price Class
I milk under possible ceiling prices and keep it in line with the prices in
-adjacent markets throughout the coming year was to apply to it the same
adjustments which would be brought about in the price for Class I milk
in the Boston market through the Class I price formula contained in the
Federal order for that market. This proposal was also discussed with the
members of the Milk Dealers association at a later meeting. As the entire
milk industry seemed to be in reasonably good accord with this proposal,
WHOLESALE MILK PRODUCERS' COUNCIL 147
a public hearing before Milk Administrator Hammerberg was requested.
Asa result of this hearing the milk administrator drew up tentative orders
which would have allowed the so-called Boston Formula to alter the price
of Class I milk in this state for the next year or until such time as he
suspended this order. This was to have gone into effect as of September
15, 1950. Because of unnecessary delays not under control of the admin-
istrator, this order could not be put into effect and had to be replaced by
an order increasing the Class I price by 44c per hundredweight on October
1, 1950.
The council feels that the reason for these delays should be understood
by all milk producers in the state. Under the present laws governing the
issuance of price orders or regulations issued by any of the state depart-
ments, any orders or regulations issued by the milk administrator must
be approved by the Attorney General of the state before they can be pub-
lished in the Connecticut Law Journal ; they cannot be published until they
have been so approved and they cannot be effective until they have been
published in that Journal. This gives the Attorney General a veto on any
and all orders that the milk administrator may wish to issue ; it is, more-
over, a veto which the Attorney General can exercise without giving any
reason for a disapproval. The council feels that this not only is more power
than any one man should have but also that this kind of power should not
reside with the Attorney General. The Attorney General in fact does not
even need to act at all in order to exercise this veto. If he merely puts the
order or amendment of an order in' his pocket or leaves it without ap-
proving it, his lack of approval constitutes as effective a veto as if he had
actually disapproved the order.
Following the increase in the price of milk by the order taking effect
October 1, 1950, the council turned its attention to a careful study of price
ceilings from federal sources. There existed at that time a strong feeling
on the part of western and middle-western milk producers that the federal
order markets and state order markets in the east maintained an artificially
high price for milk and milk products, thereby injuring their own prices.
We followed this problem closely and were relieved when the prices for
western milk increased substantially by the first of the year, thereby allevi-
ating any pressure from western dairymen to lower eastern market prices.
We also studied the labor situation on dairy farms and feel that the best
advice we can offer dairy farmers is that they should contact the state labor
offices even though they do not feel that they may get help from this source.
The reason for this recommendation is that a large number of requests to
this source gives an indication that Connecticut dairymen need to be con-
sidered as operating in a deficit labor area and thereby might receive some
aid from federal and state sources.
Early in January, the need for further upward adjustment in the price
of fluid milk in Connecticut was again felt necessary. A call for a hearing
to increase the price of milk by 46c per hundredweight was placed before
the milk administrator early in the month by the Brock-Hall Producers
association. January 6 saw a meeting of all milk producers cooperative
marketing associations called by the council. There it was attempted to
arrive unanimously at a position to be taken in the coming hearing before
the administrator. A large majority felt that it was necessary to ask for
148 WHOLESALE MILK PRODUCERS' COUNCIL
the adoption of a price order governed by the movement of the Boston
federal order formula. It was felt that by basing our price on this formula
we would keep the price of Connecticut milk in line competively with neigh-
boring markets. The feeling that this was of utmost necessity was caused
largely by the fear of federal controls being placed on the price of milk.
If our market was closely aligned to a neighboring federal order market, it
was felt that our price would not be questioned by federal price regulating
authorities. With this thought in mind, the bulk of the testimony at the
hearing before the milk administrator stressed the necessity of adopting a
pricing order similar to the one adopted in the previous August hearing,
attaching our price to the Boston formula. It was requested at the same
time that the milk administrator suspend the supply-demand adjustment
factor, thereby increasing the price 44c per hundredweight. The milk
administrator in his findings adopted the formula pricing method. On
February 1st, the price of Class I milk went to $6.48 per hundredweight.
During the months of February and March, members of the council
attended many hearings before the Agricultural Committee of the Legis-
lature to testify on bills affecting the revision of the dairy laws in Connecti-
cut and also on laws affecting agriculture in general. At the February
meeting of the council, two interesting points were discussed. First, the
new product, concentrated milk, that has been introduced into the Boston
market by two large companies and it was noted that their sales and re-
flected rather strong consumer interest at the outset but by May had
fallen off quite rapidly. Also, there was a question of what class milk used
in this new product should be placed. The Boston producers called imme-
diately for a hearing and as a result of their testimony, milk used in con-
centrated milk was classified as Class I.
The price of Class I milk in the Boston market went up 44c per
hundredweight as of April 1st, due to a rise in the index of the formula,
thus equaling the current Connecticut price. From this time on, all changes
affecting the Boston price would affect the price of Connecticut milk.
During the month of May, we watched with considerable interest the
movement in the Rhode Island market to obtain a Federal order. The
Rhode Island market had been demoralized by the importation of Class IC
milk from New York state causing many local producers to lose their
market. Situations such as this arising in surrounding market areas can
closely affect us and the dangers to our market must be carefully studied.
The department store sales index in the Boston formula had dropped
enough to cause the formula to lower the price of milk 22c per hundred-
weight, as of June 1st. This caused all Connecticut dairymen considerable
misgivings. Shortly after the first of June, a producer bargaining coopera-
tive requested a hearing of Administrator Hammerberg to increase the
price of Class I milk in Connecticut 46c per hundredweight over the exist-
ing price. This action caused considerable feeling amongst producer groups.
The council met immediately and Administrator Hammerberg discussed
the situation broadly. He first stated his position — that he felt obliged
always to hold a hearing if any responsible group asked for one. He felt
that the council, however, should attempt to bring all milk producing
groups together and discuss the subject matter to be placed before a hear-
ing at length. This makes certain that all subjects to be discussed at the
WHOLESALE MILK PRODUCERS' COUNCIL 149
hearing are included in the hearing call.
After a responsible group has asked for a hearing, notices are pub-
lished in all newspapers. Then 6 days after the notice has been published,
the hearing takes place. After studying the testimony, the administrator
formulates his orders which are then published in the Law Journal and
can only take affect five days after such publication. This makes it a rather
lengthy process, usually taking at least 20 days after the first publication
of the hearing call. On any issues concerning pricing and methods of pricing
milk, it is better to discuss them freely in a conference than at a public
hearing. It is highly desirable to talk these problems over as producers and
not to drag them out at a public hearing. At a hearing, only facts pertaining
to the subject at hand can be discussed properly. The council feels that it is
their main purpose to get a real effort at cooperation amongst producer
groups.
At this June meeting, all producer groups met in the afternoon with
the council and it was finally decided that the administrator be asked to
suspend the Boston formula which he was empowered to do without a
public hearing. Thus, the price reverted to $6.48 per hundredweight for
Class I milk.
The new members elected to fill terms expiring in 1953 are: Edwin
Smith from Tolland County, Nelson Tucker from New Haven County,
Fred Bresson from Fairfield County, and Kaye Andrus from Windham
County.
It is important that each dairyman give careful thought to electing a
representative from his county who will devote his time to the council and
who best represents the thinking of the dairymen in his section of the state.
ATHLETIC COMMISSION
Esta b lish ed — 1 92 1
Statutory authority — Section 3505 to 3522
Administrative head — Commissioner Francis D.
Cerlanek
Deputy Administrator — Deputy Commissioner
Murray B. Yorker
Central office — State Office Building; Telephone
Ext. 381
Average Number of full-time employees — 6
Fourteen towns staged 70 boxing shows which drew a paid attendance
of 48,084 to gates that grossed $79,126.70. Wrestling continued to hold
its popularity, sixteen communities putting on 143 exhibitions which at-
tracted 79,536 fans who paid $102,020.40 in admissions.
PERSONNEL
The Agency operates under Section 3505 of the General Statutes and
consists of the following personnel : Commissioner Francis D. Cerlanek,
Cheshire. Deputy Commissioner Murray B. Yorker, West Hartford.
150
ATHLETIC COMMISSION
151
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES FOR YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30, 1951
RECEIPTS
Taxes
Professional Boxing $3,250.58
Wrestling 4,230.91
Licenses
Professional Boxing $3,929.00
Wrestling 695.00
TOTAL RECEIPTS
EXPENDITURES
A — Personal Services $21,328.35
B — Contractual 2,147.99
C — Supplies & Materials 367.17
J — Equipment (other than office) 85.00
TOTAL EXPENDITURES
Appropriation
Unused balance of Appropriation
$7,481.49
$4,624.00
$12,105.49
Professional Boxing Shows
TAXES
LICENSES
$23,928.51
$25,906.00
$2,127.70
$3,250.58
Announcers
$ 130
Boxers
1,410
Managers
420
Matchmakers
180
Physicians
30
Promoters
425
Referees
425
Seconds
450
Semi-Pro
404
•
Timekeepers
55
3,929.00
$7,179.58
Professional shows h
eld as follows :
(70 shows)
Location
Attendance
Gross Receipts
Tax
Shows
Ansonia
1,560
$1,950.00
$78.00
Bridgeport
3,750
5,305.00
212.20
Hartford
10,368
17,388.55
738.29
11
Meriden
411
746.00
29.84
New Canaan
150
150.00
6.00
New Haven
3,086
5,522.25
219.30
3
New London
3,423
5,805.50
232.18
8
Norwalk
2,300
4,420.25
177.89
5
Stamford
6,647
16,536.00
661.44
5
Thompsonville
(Mt.C.) 8,869
9,393.50
415.74
16
Thompsonville
A. 1,110
1,255.50
50.22
4
Waterbury
5,112
8,699.00
347.96
8
West Haven
671
1,065.50
45.60
1
Willimantic
627
889.65
35.92
5
48,084
$79,126.70 $3,250.58
70
152
ATHLETIC COMMISSION
Wrestling Shows
1950-1951
TAXES
$4,230.91
LICENSES
695.00
$4,925.91
Wrestling shows
held as follows :
(143 shows)
Location
Attendance
Gross Receipts
Tax
Shozvs
Ansonia
97
$129.35
$5.93
1
Bridgeport
5,213
6,474.75
259.01
14
Danbury
5,581
6,788.25
271.53
11
Hartford
23,715
33,546.90
1,475.35
24
Meriden
5,458
7,825.50
320.78
10
New Britain
15,129
13,656.75
546.27
25
New Haven
3,603
5,973.05
239.67
6
New London
1,997
3,381.50
135.26
5
Norwalk
1,507
1,902.60
76.00
5
Old Saybrook
264
264.00
10.56
1
Southington
648
972.00
38.88
1
Stamford
464
572.50
22.90
2
Thompsonville
1,746
1,815.00
74.01
7
Waterbury
10,003
13,750.10
550.00
19
West Haven
2,829
3,290.10
135.69
5
Willimantic
1,282
1,678.05
69.07
7
79,536
$102,020.40 $4,230.91
143
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS
Established — Department 1927; Commission 1946
Statutory authority — Sections 4782 to 4845, Gen-
eral Statutes, Revision of 1949
Administrative head — Kenneth H. Ringrose, Di-
rector
Deputy Administrator — H. B. Wetherell, Assis-
tant Director
Central office — Brainard Field, Hartford ; Tele-
phone 7-6341, Ext. 423
Average number of full-time employees — 88
J^*JgrJ Organisation structure — Licensing Bureau ; Di-
t^^^^^^i vision of Enforcement, Inspections and Investi-
gations ; Medical Section, for examination of pi-
lots ; Airmarking Section ; Office of Airport En-
gineer ; Managers for Bradley Field and Trum-
bull Airport.
AERONAUTICS COMMISSION
The report of the aeronautics activity in Connecticut in the past year
is mainly one of progress in the development of Bradley Field at Windsor
Locks. This, of course, is in addition to the regular activities of the De-
partment.
The Terminal Building at Bradley Field, which is being built by the
Associated Construction Company is progressing very satisfactorily, and,
according to present plans, should be ready for operation in May of 1952.
The operations of the scheduled airlines are showing great gains in
passengers, mail, express, and air freight. In the year ending July, 1951,
there were 152,074 passengers on and off, as against 108,348 the year pre-
vious. The airlines handled 1,445,946 pounds of mail during this year, in
comparison with 910,662 pounds the previous year. There were 8,527,177
pounds of air freight in comparison with 7,430,962 the year before. There
has been a gain in air express in this year ending July, 1951 — 4,286,954
pounds as against 1,775,971 pounds the year previous.
153
154 DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS
Recently, the Aeronautics Commission, with the approval of the At-
torney General and the Commissioner of Finance and Control, sold ap-
proximately 170 acres of the 1,700 acres at Bradley Field, to the Hamilton
Standard Division of the United Aircraft Corporation, for an $18,000,000
plant which is already under construction. They were forced to leave East
Hartford, to provide expansion for United Aircraft, and Erie Martin,
general manager of Hamilton Standard Division, told a visiting group of
legislators that if it had not been possible to buy this plot of land, they
would have had to leave the State of Connecticut, because they needed
access to a large airport. The Commission feels that it was fortunate that
the provision to buy and sell was incorporated in the law.
It is apparent that the shippers in the region surrounding Hartford,
as well as Springfield, are taking advantage of the facilities at Bradley
Field. When the new terminal is completed and occupied, we shall be in a
position to lease the temporary terminal building.
The Kaman Aircraft Corporation, which now occupies about twenty
buildings on the field, will eventually move to a new plant in Bloomfield.
Some of these buildings are in bad shape, but we feel that those that are in
condition can easily be rented, particularly when the new terminal building
is in full operation.
The Commission consists of Francis S. Murphy, Chairman, Connecticut
Aeronautics Commission. Commissioners : Honorable John H. Trumbull,
Vice Chairman ; Dexter D. Coffin, Major General Frederick G. Reincke,
Daniel F. Wheeler, Eugene E. Wilson, William E. Butson.
REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS
Aerial spraying and dusting of agricultural crops for pest control has
continued to increase in Connecticut. During the season of 1950, this de-
partment issued 223 waivers for the spraying of 15,346 acres. Of this
amount, 2,055 acres were for the control of mosquitos, with local govern-
ments contracting for the majority of acres. Shade grown tobacco still
accounts for the largest number of acres which are sprayed by aircraft.
Effective July 1, 1951, the State Department of Health was required to issue
permits for all aerial spraying and dusting.
Fixed base operations have been generally stabilized and an increase
has been noted in student instruction and charter service. Corporation
flying continues to increase which is extremely beneficial to the aircraft
industry, as well as the corporations which are utilizing the aircraft.
As in previous years the Department of Aeronautics has cooperated
with the State Department of Education in the operation of the GI Flight
Training program. All flight courses were revised by this department in
order that they meet minimum requirements, as set forth by the Veterans'
Administration.
During the past year the department has shown films in public schools,
and at a number of clubs and public gatherings. They have been well re-
ceived and have accomplished much toward the promotion of aviation.
During the summer of 1950 the department assisted in the promotion of a
number of air tours through the medium of our monthly Newsletter, and
was actively engaged in the promotion of a New England Air Tour which
took place at Trumbull Airport, Groton, Connecticut.
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS 155
LICENSING AND REGISTRATION
During our licensing period, May 1, 1950 to April 30, 1951, the Depart-
ment issued 2,231 airman licenses, which is a decrease of 407 licenses from
the previous year. During May and June, 1951, 1,474 airman licenses were
issued or 152 less than the same period in 1950.
All pilots are required to pass physical examinations for flying before
an airman's license is issued. They are also required to keep the physical
valid. An airline pilot physical is valid for a period of six months, a com-
mercial one year and private or student two years. During the period of
this report, 1,590 physical examinations were given by the department. Of
this total, 46 were Class I (airline), 716 Class II (commercial) and 818
Class III (private and student), with an additional ten disqualified for
various reasons. New pilots taking their first physical examinations num-
bered 438, with the balance of the above total representing renewals. Of
the total 1,590 examinations given, fifty were women.
During the licensing period May 1, 1950 to April 30, 1951, this De-
partment issued 572 aircraft registrations, which is 79 less than for the
previous year. During May and June, 1951, 372 aircraft registrations were
issued, or a decrease of 13 from the same period in 1950.
AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS
Thirty-five aircraft accidents were reported in Connecticut during this
period. This is a decrease of 21 accidents from the previous year. Of the
35, two resulted in fatal injuries to two pilots.
LAW ENFORCEMENT
During the period of this report 37 investigations were made of various
alleged flying violations. These investigations resulted in the arrest and
conviction of five airmen found guilty of violation of Connecticut aviation
laws, and in three of the cases their Connecticut Airman's Licenses were
suspended.
There were 308 Connecticut Airman's Licenses suspended for failure to
renew their flight examinations.
AIRCRAFT INSPECTIONS
Inspections of 1855 aircraft were made. Of this total 124 airplanes
were found unairworthy and were not permitted to fly until necessary re-
pairs were made.
AIRPORTS
Four commercial airports were closed during the past year and one
which had closed previously was reopened. Five private restricted landing
areas and two private restricted seaplane bases were opened.
156 DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS
The following is a tabulation of airports licensed in Connecticut as of
June 30, 1951:
Commercial airports 21
Restricted Commercial airports 3
Private restricted airports 18
Commercial Seaplane bases 11
Restricted commercial seaplane bases 1
Private restricted seaplane bases 3
57
The Department made the following airport inspections for this period :
Routine airport inspections 97
Routine seaplane base inspections 18
Approval and licensing inspections
of proposed landing areas 12
127
OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF
STATE-OWNED AIRPORTS
Bradley Field:
The program of converting Bradley Field from its wartime military
status to one of the nation's leading air terminals continued during the
year 1950-51.
Four scheduled airlines are operating at this terminal with a total of
27 daily flights. American Airlines provide 12 flights to Boston and New
York, giving service north and south. United Air Lines provide east and
west service with 6 flights daily from Boston to the west coast via Cleve-
land and Chicago, and one round-trip daily to Providence. Eastern Air-
lines schedules 6 flights daily from Boston to New York and points south,
and Northeast Airlines operates 2 flights daily from New York through
the New England states to Canada.
One of the largest non-scheduled airline operators in the world, Trans-
ocean Air Lines, Inc., continues to use Bradley Field as its Atlantic-Euro-
pean base. In addition to passenger and freight flights, this operator uses
this base for maintenance work in connection with the Atlantic division
operation, and as maintenance contractors to the military forces.
Space at Bradley Field has been leased to the following :
Adams Aircraft Engineering Company
Aero Plating Company
Associated Construction Company
Aviation Service Co., Inc.
Theodore D. Bross
Brown Equipment & Manufacturing Company
Civil Aeronautics Administration
Chapel Street Garage (Hertz Driv-Ur-Self Service)
Philip Daley (Barber Shop)
Kaman Aircraft Corporation
Propeller Service Corporation
Roncari Construction Company
Transocean Air Lines, Inc.
United Aircraft Corporation
Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Division
Hamilton Standard Division
John and Eva Unites (Snack Bar)
Welding Enterprises
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS 157
Three construction contracts were awarded during the 1950-51 year.
1. Construction of a new approach road to the new terminal building
was started and completed at a cost of $183,639.77.
2. The main apron and incidental taxiways for the new terminal build-
ing were completed at a cost of $374,000.00.
3. The new terminal building contract was awarded and construction
started during this year. This structure, one of the most modern
of its kind, is scheduled for completion some time during 1952.
The Civil Aeronautics Administration, under the Federal Aid Airport
Program, participated in the first two contracts to the extent of $279,000.00,
and will participate in the new terminal building project to the amount of
$500,000.00.
In the future it is planned to increase the length of one runway from
the present 5,000 to 6,000 feet, to install additional taxiway lights, and
to construct a center taxiway.
In the spring of 1951, Hamilton Standard division of United Air-
craft Corporation purchased from the State about 166 acres of land at the
south side of the airport. Construction of a building to house this division
of United Aircraft was started immediately on this site. In addition to the
building, Hamilton Standard is constructing a new taxiway from the site
to Bradley Field property to connect up to the existing taxiway system.
The New York, New Haven and Hartford railroad, together with Hamil-
ton Standard, is planning to extend the existing siding approximately
8,000 feet to the site of the Hamilton building.
During the latter part of this fiscal period, Kaman Aircraft corpor-
ation, engaged in the manufacture of helicopters, received substantial con-
tracts from the U. S. Navy, necessitating a large expansion program. As
a result of this expansion, Kaman Aircraft has leased from the state, ap-
proximately twenty buildings and several parcels of land.
The following statement of airline operations and aircraft movements
at Bradley Field, indicate the rapid growth of the field in the past twelve
months :
.
Percent of
Intransit Passengers :
1949-50
1950-51
Increase
Total in and out
204,434
315,797
54.47
Passengers :
Total off and on
108,348
152,074
40.36
Mail Pounds :
Total off and on
910,662
1,445,946
58.77
Express Pounds :
Total off and on
1,775,971
4,286,954
141.3
Freight Pounds :
Total off and on
7,430,962
8,527,177
14.7
Aircraft Movements :
Civilian
59,314
81,052
36.65
Military
20,372
28,546
40.12
Trumbull Airport:
At this airport, Northeast Airlines provides service "to Boston and
New York and connecting lines to other parts of the country with its two
daily flights.
158 DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS
Space at Trumbull Airport has been leased to the following:
Great Lakes Carbon Corporation
Groton Flying Service, Inc.
House of Sweets
Michael D. Petrosky (Blue Horizons Inn)
Printrade Machinery Corporation
The summer of 1950 saw the 103rd Fighter Group, Air National
Guard, consisting of units from Connecticut and Rhode Island, using this
airport for their summer encampment. Also using this airport for encamp-
ment purposes was the 106th Bomb Group (L) of the 52nd National Guard
Wing of New York State.
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS
159
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160 DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS
July 1, 1950— June 30, 1951
GENERAL FUND :
Trumbull Airport :
Rentals
Landing Fees
Miscellaneous
$12,030.19
1,643.50
24.00
$13,697.69
Bradley Field :
Rentals
Landing Fees
Commission from Vending Machines
Services
Miscellaneous
95,628.22
19,936.55
2,126.20
7,702.56
393.00
125,786.53
Miscellaneous :
6,732.20
3,926.50
402.60
78.01
69.00
13.50
86.70
Total General Fund
AIRWAYS & AIRDROMES FUND:
Aircraft Registration Fees
Aircraft Pilot's License Fees
Airport License Fees
Copies of Reports, License, etc.
Fines & Costs
Miscellaneous
$139,570.92
Total Airways & Airdromes
Sales of Property Funds :
Trumbull
Bradley
101.50
150,000.00
11,221.81
150,101.50
Federal Aid on Projects
423,244.45
Total Receipts — All Funds
$724,138.68
CONNECTICUT UNEMPLOYMENT
COMMISSION
Established — 1936
T^^S^^^^ Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
■■"■'"-?'■■ vision, Sections 7510 and 7514 through Section
~~~a~- 7521
Administrative head — Thomas E. Shackley,
,«/' Chairman
r '
#v Central office — 92 Farmington Avenue, Hartford;
^S Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 2692
Average number of full-time employees — 20
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 — Legis-
lative appropriation: None. Federal funds, $97,-
691.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 — Recurring op-
erating expenditures: $97,095.00 Capital outlay,
$596.00
Organization structure — Administration Office, 92
Farmington Avenue, Hartford ; First District,
647 Main Street, Hartford 3 ; Interstate Section,
647 Main Street, Hartford 3 ; Second District, 275 Main Street,
Norwich; Third District, 205 Church Street, New Haven 10; Fourth
District, 114 State Street, Bridgeport; Fifth District, 111 West Main
Street, Waterbury 5.
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7/W&*
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The Connecticut Unemployment Commission is the quasi-judicial tri-
bunal which hears and decides appeals from rulings of the administrator
of the Unemployment Compensation Act as to the eligibility of claimants
for unemployment compensation benefits. Funds for the operation of the
commission are paid under Title III of the Federal Social Security Act.
There are six Unemployment Commissioners who are appointed by
the Governor, one for each congressional district and one at large. Com-
missioners maintain offices in their districts, and the administrative office
and interstate section are located at Hartford. Appeals are heard at district
offices and at other locations, since the Unemployment Compensation Law
requires that a claimant's appeal be heard where he has filed his claims.
Facts are found and a decision rendered on each appeal heard.
161
162 CONNECTICUT UNEMPLOYMENT COMMISSION
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, 5,020 appeals were re-
ceived and 3,239 dispositions issued, some of the latter covering multi-
claimant appeals, with 181 transcripts of testimony forwarded to liable
states. Budget cuts at the Federal level necessitated staff reduction during
a period when new and difficult issues and lengthy hearings placed addi-
tional burdens on commissioners and staff. A survey of the commission's
history and a comparison of appeals and issues brings into focus the chang-
ing character of the appeals load. Unemployment insurance recipients, as
well as employers, become more aware of their rights under the law, and
there is an increasing tendency to engage counsel to plead cases before the
commission. It should be noted too that with a law comparatively new on
the statute books, precedents must continually be established by those
charged with interpretation, precedents derived from painstaking and de-
tailed study and rooted in a thorough understanding of what is, after all,
a worker's law.
Total expenditures for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951 amounted
to $97,691, of which $596 was capital outlay. The Commission added to its
classified personnel in January a research librarian, and during the fiscal
year reduced its staff by 2 hearing stenographers.
The Commission budget for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1952 is
tentatively approved at $112,030, of which $4,187 is designed for capital
outlay.
WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION COMMISSION
Jii»«rSSffi'««£5--ISi3SSS«S5ESraS3aEES
Established — 1913
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Chapter 373 ; Sections 7416 to 7494
Administrative head — Leo J. Noonan, Chairman
Central office — 54 Church Street, Hartford; Tele-
phone 2-3758
Average number of full-time employees — 13
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $117,835
Expenditures for fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $110,013.71
Capital outlay, $1,594.53
gg Organisation structure — There are five Districts,
each of which is administered by a commissioner,
the commissioner for the first district being chair-
man of the Commission
Each Commissioner presides over one of the five districts into which
the State is divided for the sake of public convenience and proper adminis-
tration. A commissioner has sole jurisdiction over accidents arising in his
particular district and other commissioners #nay act in cases arising outside
their respective districts only through the disqualification of and designa-
tion by the commissioner in whose district the accident arose. The Gover-
nor also appoints a commission chairman who is at this time Leo J. Noonan,
commissioner for the first district, and whose offices are in Hartford. In
addition to the duties imposed upon the various commissioners, the chair-
man by statute has additional responsibilities which include correlating the
work of the several districts and maintaining a central office. Here the
chairman maintains among other records a complete card index system in-
dicating the insurance coverage of the various employers throughout the
entire state. He also prepares, under direction of the secretary, the Digest
of Decisions. Formerly these were published every four years ; due to lack
of funds none has been published recently. He also prepares the Bulletin,
published every two years, which contains the compensation law as amended
by the previous General Assembly.
Industrial accidents in order to come within the jurisdiction of a
compensation commissioner must arise out of and in the course of the in-
163
164 WORKMENS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION
jured's employment, and must occur in the employment of an employer
who does not have regularly less than three employees. The words "out
of and in the course of employment" may be roughly interpreted to mean
that the accident must arise while the injured is at work and because of
his work or of conditions under which it is required to be performed. In
addition to accidental injuries, the compensation act of this state pays
benefits for disabilities resulting from occupational disease. An occupational
disease within the meaning of the law is one which is peculiar to the occu-
pation in which the employee was engaged and due to causes in excess of
the ordinary hazards of employment as such. Accidents during the past
year numbered 15,952.
Cases in which there is no dispute as to the liability of the employer
to the injured may be disposed of on a Commission form commonly called
a "voluntary agreement." This agreement contains the facts necessary for
the adjudication of the claim and is effective only after the approval of
the Commissioner having jurisdiction. During the past year we have ap-
proved 12,576 of these agreements.
Cases in which liability is disputed are disposed of by a formal hear-
ing before the commissioner. At these hearings the testimony produced
is taken by an official stenographer, and all evidence is given under oath.
The parties may or may not be represented by counsel. Predicated on the
evidence taken, the commissioner issues a finding which contains the juris-
dictional facts and the subordinate facts based on which he reaches the
conclusion as to whether or not the case is compensable. From this decision
either party may appeal to the Superior Court for the county in which the
case arose, and from the Superior Court to the Supreme Court of Errors.
On appeal no new evidence is taken but the case is decided on the finding
made by the commissioner and the evidence taken before him. In these
cases the Superior Court sits as an appellate court. We have issued 624
awards after formal hearings in the past year and approved 2631 stipu-
lations. Deaths numbered 47.
Four types of compensation are paid under the statute : temporary
total, compensation during the period in which the injured is unable to do
work of any description ; temporary partial, during the period in which the
injured may still suffer some disability but may have a capacity for work ;
permanent partial disability, which is paid for the specific loss of use of a
member of the body which the injury may cause ; and compensation may
also be paid for any serious and permanent disfigurement of the face, neck,
head, forearms or hands in certain cases.
The limitation on payments to an injured is a period of six hundred
and twenty-four compensation weeks, which includes all possible types of
compensation payments. For the calendar year 1950 expenditures for in-
demnity were $6,800,000.00 ; for medical, surgical, hospital and nursing
services $3,900,000.00.
Medical, surgical and hospital care is a proper charge against the
' employer during the entire life of the claimant and at any time, should the
injury necessitate it, he may apply for further medical or hospital care
whether or not the six hundred and twenty-four week compensation period
has expired.
Rights of injured persons and their employers who are subject to the
compensation act are, as to industrial accidents, adjudicated under our
WORKMENS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION 165
law only through the Workmen's Compensation system, and neither em-
ployee nor employer may resort to common-law for redress in connection
with industrial accidents.
COMMISSIONERS AND DISTRICTS
First District
Jurisdiction : Hartford county.
Commissioner: Leo J. Noonan.
Office : 54 Church Street, Hartford.
Number of employees : Four.
Capital outlay: 1950-1951 $ 186.00
Appropriation : 1950-1951 28,371.00
Ordinary recurring expenses : 1950-1951 26,451.74
Second District
Jurisdiction : Tolland, Windham, New London and Middlesex
counties.
Commissioner : Alfred M. Bingham.
Office: 279 Main Street, Norwich.
Number of employees : Two.
Capital outlay : 1950-1951 • $ 485.00
Appropriation : 1950-1951 21,167.00
Ordinary recurring expenses : 1950-1951 20,620.00
Third District
Jurisdiction : All of New Haven County, except the towns of
Southbury, Middlebury, Waterbury, Wolcott, Oxford, Naug-
atuck, Prospect, Beacon Falls, Seymour, Ansonia and Derby.
Commissioner: Louis Sachs.
Office: 185 Church Street, New Haven.
Number of employees : Two.
Capital outlay : 1950-1951 $ 194.48
Appropriation : 1950-1951 22,249.00
Ordinary recurring expenses : 1950-1951 19,603.70
Fourth District
Jurisdiction : Fairfield County.
Commissioner: Romuald J. Zielinski.
Office: 955 Main Street, Bridgeport.
Number of employees : Three.
Capital outlay: 1950-1951 $ 637.57
Appropriation : 1950-1951 26,140.00
Ordinary recurring expenses: 1950-1951 23,943.20
166 WORKMENS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION
Fifth District
Jurisdiction : All of Litchfield county and the following towns in
New Haven county: Southbury, Middlebury, Waterbury,
Wolcott, Oxford, Naugutuck, Prospect, Beacon Falls, Sey-
mour, Ansonia and Derby.
Commissioner: J. Gregory Lynch.
Office : 48 Leavenworth Street, Waterbury.
Number of employees : Two.
Capital outlay : 1950-1951 $ 91.48
Appropriation : 1950-1951 19,908.00
Ordinary recurring expenses: 1950-1951 19,395.07
LIQUOR CONTROL COMMISSION
Established— -May, 1933
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 4222 to 4323
Administrative head — John C. Kelly, Chairman
Deputy Administrator — Stanley J. Palaski, Ex-
ecutive Secretary
Central Office — State Office Building, Hartford 7-
6341, Extensions 2366 and 2367
Average number of full-time employees — 50.
The Liquor Control Commission, with headquarters in the State Office
Building, acts under powers set up in Chapter 204 of the General Statutes,
as amended. Under the law, the terms of the Commissioners are for a
period of six years — one Commissioner being appointed by the Governor
each biennium.
The members of the Commission are John C. Kelly, Ridgefield,
Chairman and Administrator; Goodwin B. Beach of Hartford; and T.
Emmet Clarie of Danielson.
Since the Commission formed an Advisory Council consisting of rep-
resentatives of different types of permittees, meetings have been held with
these permittees and discussions held on changes in the Act and regula-
tions, and other suggestions were made which were helpful to the Com-
mission and the industry. The advisory panels were composed of per-
mittees holding package store, restaurant, hotel, club, tavern, manufacturer
and wholesaler permits.
The Commission has effected closer cooperation between town, city,
and state police authorities who assisted the Commission in the investiga-
tion of complaints which the inspection force of the Commission was un-
able to cope with because of the tremendous amount of work placed upon
167
168 LIQUOR CONTROL COMMISSION
this division of the Liquor Control Commission. This closer cooperation
with police officials at local and state levels likewise aided in the reduction
of violations of the Liquor Control Act and the Regulations of the Com-
mission.
With the passage of Sees. 904b-907b 1951 Supplement creating a Mini-
mum Price Posting Act affecting package stores, grocery stores, and druggist
liquor permits, the Commission will be required to employ additional inspec-
tors and office personnel and will need more space because of the added re-
sponsibilities which resulted from the passage of this Act. New regulations
were also drawn by the Commission to provide for effective administration of
the Minimum Price Posting Act.
The cost of enforcement of this act is covered through an additional
ten per cent of the regular fee for package store, grocery store and drug-
store permits. Revenues from this source will approximate $65,000 an-
nually.
The Commission during the fiscal year acted on 2,492 new applications,
which are classified as follows:
(a) For new premises 513
Permit on premises at some previous time 283
(b) Change in permittee — change in ownership 487
(c) Change in permittee — same ownership 126
(d) Same permittee — change in ownership 151
(e) Substitution — New permit issued 391
(f ) Change in type 11
(g) Change in permittee-ownership-type 3
(h) Same permittee — change in ownership-type 1
(i) Temporary or picnic permits 777
(j) Out-of-state shippers 32
STATEMENT OF OPERATION
July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951
Hearings held 590
New applications denied 65
Suspensions 115
Denials Reopened and Reinstated 4
Revocations 31
Applications withdrawn 307
Applications not accepted 276
Applications reinstated 57
Permanent substitutions 620
Remonstrances 26
Appeals pending July 1, 1950 35
Appeals taken during year 33
Appeals in which Commission was sustained 6
Appeals in which appellant was sustained 1
Appeals withdrawn 25
Appeals remanded to Commission 2
Appeals pending June 30, 1951 34
Total permits July 1, 1950 8,092
Total permits June 30, 1951 8,099
Investigations made 14,322
Special Investigations 167
LIQUOR CONTROL COMMISSION
169
OPERATING EXPENSES
Appropriations
Expenditures
Personal Services
Contractual Services
Supplies and Materials
Equipment
$201,840.00
177,726.01
7,817.27
11,788.99
29.00
$197,361.27
STATEMENT OF INCOME & DISBURSEMENT
July 1, 1950— June 30, 1951
Undistributed Balance— June 30, 1950
Receipts :
Regular Fees
Inebriate Fees
Fair Trade Fees
Out of State Shipper
Total Liquor Fees
Registration of Brands
Total Liquor Refunds
Registration of Brands
Total Refunds
Transfers to Other Funds :
Inebriate
Out of State Shipper
Fair Trade
Out of State Broker
Registration of Brands
Undistributed Balance— June 30, 1951
Composition of Undistributed Balance :
Regular Fees $287,663.35
Out of State 1,475.00
Inebriate 28,570.00
Fair Trade 6,240.00
$2,792,940.15
274,870.00
6,970.00
5,330.00
$3,080,110.15
3,381.00
$ 71,331.67
48.00
$322,306.69
Total Receipts
3,083,491.15
Disbursements :
Distributions :
To Towns & Cities
To Counties
$2,588,523.46
109,149.99
$3,405,797.84
Total Disbursements
2,697,673.45
Balance
Rebates :
To Permittees in Towns & Cities
To Permittees in Counties
$ 33,883.36
500.01
$ 708,124.39
34,383.37
Total Rebates
Refunds :
Regular Fees
Inebriate Fees
Out of State Shipper
$ 64,926.67
6,355.00
50.00
$ 673,741.02
71,379.67
268,845.00
5,305.00
730.00
200.00
3,333.00
$ 602,361.35
278,413.00
$ 323,948.35
$323,948.35
LABOR DEPARTMENT
Established— 1915
Statutory authority — Public Act No. 9-
1950 Session
-March,
^ Administrative head — John J. Egan, Commis-
sioner
Deputy administrator — William G. Ennis, Dep-
uty Commissioner
Central office — 92 Farmington Avenue, Hartford,
Conn., Telephone Hartford 7-6341 ; Ext. 2437
Average number of full-time employees — 123 (Does
not include Employment Security Division)
Organisation structure — Division of Factory In-
spection, Minimum Wage Division, Wage En-
forcement Section, Apprentice Training Division,
Div. of Mediation & Arbitration, State Board of
Labor Relations, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
Employment Security Division which includes :
Connecticut State Employment Serv. Unemploy-
ment Compensation Division
ORIGIN AND AUTHORITY OF LABOR DEPARTMENT
The Connecticut Labor Department had its inception in 1873 when
General Assembly set up a Bureau of Labor Statistics to prepare annual
reports to the General Assembly regarding numerous problems affecting
the laboring classes. This Bureau was inactive from the period 1875-1885
because the General Assembly felt during that period, the necessity for
saving the money required for its continued operation. Due to the fact
that during this period, dangerous labor troubles constantly developed,
the General Assembly gave more and more attention to the importance of
labor grievances and labor conditions with the final result that the Bureau
of Labor Statistics was revived and since that date has been continuously
active. In order to assure the enforcement of the labor laws enacted by the
General Assembly, an entirely independent Department of Factory Inspec-
tion was brought into being by the General Assembly in 1887. These two
agencies continued to operate independently until 1915 when they were
consolidated into a Department of Labor and Factory Inspection under
the direction and management of a single commissioner appointed by the
Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate. The March, 1950
170
LABOR DEPARTMENT 171
session of the Connecticut General Assembly enacted Public Act No. 9
which provided a change of name for the department from the Department
of Labor and Factory Inspection to Labor Department and changed the
title of Commissioner of Labor and Factory Inspection to Labor Com-
missioner. Over the years, various statutes relating to labor have been
enacted by successive sessions of the General Assembly conveying additional
responsibility and authority to the Labor Department. Today, the laws
relating to labor comprise some 350 separate sections and amendments
thereto scattered through approximately 47 different chapters of the General
Statutes of Connecticut as revised in 1949. The Labor Department has
some responsibility for the administration of the provisions of all of these
sections which, when read in relation to each other, convey upon the
Connecticut Labor Department, a general responsibility for promoting the
safety, security and progress of Connecticut's economy, its workers and
its industries.
ADMINISTRATIVE DIRECTION
To assist in carrying out the many and varied responsibilities, the
commissioner has appointed William G. Ennis as Deputy Commissioner
and Howard E. Hausman as Executive Director of the Employment
Security Division.
In view of the fact that operating funds for department activities are
appropriated by both the State Legislature and the Federal Congress, it
is desirable that operations financed by each be directed in such manner
that there will be no conflict or confusion regarding the expenditure of
funds for purposes other than those for which the appropriation was made.
This condition prompts the type of administrative direction prevailing in
the Labor Department which permits the establishment of operating policy
and direction of the execution of this policy with a minimum of personnel.
The commissioner, his deputy and executive director, with their secre-
taries, comprise the necessary personnel, assisted by one stenographer
to handle the volume of clerical work incidental to the performance of
administrative duties.
OPERATING ORGANIZATION
To execute department policy and to assure effectiveness in carrying
out the numerous responsibilities imposed upon the Labor Department
by the some 350 separate sections and amendments thereto of the General
Statutes, the Labor Department is divided into eight major divisions with
a director in charge. Following an administrative pattern, Deputy Com-
missioner William G. Ennis is responsible to Commissioner Egan for
the satisfactory functioning of those divisions of the Labor Department
which are financed by the appropriation of state funds and these include
the Divisions of Factory Inspection, Minimum Wage, Apprentice Training,
Wage Enforcement, Mediation and Arbitration, Labor Relations, and the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. Executive Director Howard E. Hausman is
responsible to Commissioner Egan for the satisfactory functioning of the
Employment Security Division which is financed by federal funds appro-
priated for that purpose and which is composed of the Connecticut State
Employment Service and the Unemployment Compensation Division. The
172 LABOR DEPARTMENT
total operating personnel is 807, and all are appointed under the provisions
of the Connecticut Merit Act.
APPROPRIATION AND EXPENDITURE OF STATE FUNDS
The Labor Department received from the Connecticut General Assem-
bly, an appropriation of $474,169.21 for the operation of the Divisions of
Factory Inspection, Minimum Wage, Apprentice Training, Wage En-
forcement, Mediation and Arbitration, Labor Relations and the Bureau
of Labor Statistics and for the overall administration of the department's
activities. During the fiscal year, the department expended $472,815.99 and
closed the fiscal year on June 30, 1951 with a balance of $1,353.22.
The department was reimbursed from federal agencies, namely the
Veterans Administration and the Employment Security Division of the
Labor Department for services rendered, in the amount of $60,026.33 all
of which was deposited in the General Fund of the state. Considering the
reimbursement received and deposited in the General Fund, the actual
cost of operating those divisions of the Labor Department which are
financed from state funds was $412,789.66.
The department also collected under statutory authority, fees in the
amount of $40,352, all of which were also turned over to the General
Fund and were not credited to the Labor Department account.
Although almost every function of the Labor Department is important
to the progress of Connecticut's economy in normal times, most of its
functions become of particular and even vital importance to the progress
of an emergency production program. There can be no debate on the fact
that a successful production program depends upon the conservation and
the utilization of all available manpower. There is no better way to con-
serve manpower than to protect against industrial accidents and to prevent
industrial disputes, all of which result in loss of services, breakdown in
production schedules and a continued handicap to industry in meeting the
expanded requirements of a wartime production program. These facts
must and should be recognized and provision made to maintain the level
of the department's activities sufficiently high to assure efficiency and
effectiveness in the performance of functions which are vital to the welfare
of Connecticut.
SUMMARY OF DEPARTMENTAL ACTIVITIES
Division of Factory Inspection — This Department is responsible for
the maintenance of safe and sanitary conditions of work in all places of
employment in the state. This division made a total of 1,699 more inspec-
tions of all kinds than during the previous fiscal year, the total of all
inspections, 34,466. Of this number 20,243 inspections were in manu-
facturing, mechanical and mercantile establishments ; 6,461 were elevator
inspections ; 379 were inspections of uninsured boilers. In addition,
767,110 pieces of bedding and upholstered furniture were inspected by
department inspectors. Compliance with the provisions of Connecticut's
Bedding and Upholstered Furniture Act is well indicated by the fact
that of the over 700,000 pieces inspected, it was necessary to order off-sale
only 9,000 as not meeting the specifications of statute. Plants licensed
to sterilize bedding and upholsterer furniture numbered 276, of which 22
LABOR DEPARTMENT 173
were inspected and granted first permits. During the year 29 sterilization
permits were revoked. There was a noticeable increase in the desire of
employers in Connecticut to initiate homework, something which has been
barred, except under unusual conditions, for many years by Section 3762
et al of the General Statutes. During the past fiscal year 96 such requests
were received and investigated by the department, and at the close of the
year 9 employers held certificates authorizing the distribution of homework
and 13 workers permits were outstanding. It is interesting to note that
in only six instances was it necessary to request prosecution of employers
for failure to comply with the department's 17,724 orders or recommenda-
tions for corrective action.
The number of new factories registering before starting operations in
Connecticut was fewer during the past year, 248 as against 323 during
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950. However, it is interesting to note
that the 248 establishments which did register during the last fiscal year,
represented the potential employment of 10,843 workers as compared
with 2,078 workers for those factories registered during the fiscal year
ending in June, 1950.
The department collected and turned over to the General Fund fees as
follows: elevator registrations, $4,217; boiler inspections, $2,115; sterili-
zation permits, $7,475; the sale of bedding stamps, $23,540; inspection
of applications for homework permits, $325 ; private employment agency
licenses, $1,700. The promotion of industrial safety in all places of employ-
ment continued to be an outstanding, responsibility of the Division of
Factory Inspection, with particular emphasis being placed upon the con-
sultation method of securing cooperation for the improvement of working
conditions in various places of employment. The staff of the Division of
Factory Inspection consists of a Deputy Commissioner of Factory Inspec-
tion, John R. Donlan assisted by 37 inspectors and 6 clerical workers.
MINIMUM WAGE DIVISION
This division of the department obtains its authority from Sections 3786
through 3796 of the General Statutes which provide the method by which
the minimum wage orders are promulgated establishing fair wage in indus-
tries engaged in intrastate commerce, and for the administration of these
orders after they have been issued. Four such wage orders were in operation
applying to mercantile establishments, beauty shops, laundries, and cleaning
and dyeing establishments during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951. Some
25,000 establishments in Connecticut are subject to the provisions of these
orders, although many are small and only periodically employ workers who
would come under the provisions of the order. During the year, this division
pursued assiduously the program established in the previous fiscal year re-
quiring the revision of existing wage orders and the issuance of new wage
orders to cover additional workers for whom provision was not otherwise
made. Extensive surveys as required by statute were made and as a result,
a new order was issued covering the mercantile industry, the laundry
industry and the cleaning and dyeing industry.
Regrettably, the order affecting the mercantile industry was tem-
porarily enjoined by action of the Superior Court and the case did not
come up for hearing until June of 1950; however, in June, the Superior
174 LABOR DEPARTMENT
Court vacated the injunction and established the effective date of the
mercantile wage order to be October 1, 1951. In December, 1950 a hearing
on an injunction issued by the Superior Court in the previous fiscal year
against the enforcement of a wage order for restaurant occupations was
heard and the court ruled the order to be invalid on technical grounds.
In addition to the volume of work incidental to the promulgation of
the wage orders as mentioned above, 12,511 inspections were made during
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951 and a total of $40,669.17 was collected
from employers in violation and turned over to the employees affected.
In only two cases was it necessary to resort to court action to obtain
payment of wages due workers by the employers in question. This section
of the Minimum Wage Division of the Labor Department is staffed by
a Director, Jesse Baldwin.
Included in the minimum wage division of the labor department as
a separate section is the Wage Enforcement Section. The primary respon-
sibility of this section is to assist in the collection of wages due and unpaid
to workers in Connecticut who do not have recourse to the privileges
accorded under the minimum wage orders. This section is responsible
also for determining the degree to which prevailing rates of pay are being
paid by contractors engaged in public construction of buildings, highways,
bridges etc. During the year, ending June 30, 1951, the number of claims
processed by this section was 1,225. This does not include those cases
involving the expenditure of public funds. Through the processing of these
claims $45,990.81 was collected from employers who had failed to pay
their employees and the money was made available to the employees ; thus
satisfying 594 of the total claims. It was necessary to reject 631 of the
1,225 claims, because some were submitted without merit, some were
unable to be substantiated, but most of the rejected claims involved
industries which were not covered under the existing law. It is expected
that a continuation of this situation will not prevail due to the fact that
the enactment of Public Act 238 by the General Assembly has extended
the coverage to all employers in the State of Connecticut. The importance
of this activity of the department cannot be over estimated, because almost
all of the workers who were benefited by the services of the department
in the collection of wages were those who could least afford to lose any
of the money due them by reason of their employment. This section of
the Minimum Wage Division of the Labor Department is also responsible
for enforcing the provisions of Public Act No. 9 of the March, 1950
session of the General Assembly. This Act requires the Labor Com-
missioner to set prevailing rates of wages for work on public construction
involving state funds in whole or in part and abolished the Labor Wage
Board which had previously exercised this responsibility. The Act not
only requires the Labor Commissioner to establish prevailing rates of
wages, but also requires that determination be made as to whether con-
tractors engaged in public construction are, in fact, paying the prevailing
rates of pay as established.
Since January, 1951 when Public Act No. 9 became effective, the
department has established 129 wage rate schedules for construction or
repairs under the jurisdiction of the Public Works Department, 97 for
projects under the jurisdiction of the State Highway Department, 19 for
projects under the jurisdiction of the State Housing Authority, and one
LABOR DEPARTMENT 175
under the Department of Aeronautics. In the course of 121 inspections,
40 firms were discovered to be paying wages less than the established
prevailing rates, and $20,403.73 was collected and paid to workers who
had been underpaid. Effective administration is important in that it
assures the payment of a prevailing scale of wage to workers engaged in
public construction, and at the same time prevents contractors who bid for
state work with a high labor cost from performing that state work at a
lower labor cost, thus "chiseling" an added profit at the expense of the
taxpayer. Some of the violations discovered indicated a deliberate intent
on the part of the contractor to violate the wage scale with no attempt to
hide the fact, others indicated a similar deliberate attempt camouflaged
by the improper classification of the employees by the contractor in order
to pay less that the rate required. Most of the instances, however, were
clerical errors and misinterpretations made by reputable contractors who
had no intent to evade the payment of the established wage scale. In several
instances it was found that contractors had deliberately failed to inform
subcontractors of prevailing wage scale, thus subjecting the subcontractor
to possible violation and liability therefore. The Wage Enforcement Section
of the Minimum Wage Division consists of three Wage Enforcement
Agents assisted by one stenographer.
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
During the fiscal year, consolidation within the department of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Research Division of the Employment
Security Division under a single director was accomplished. This consolida-
tion has enabled the Labor Department to more fully meet its obligations
under Section 3776 of the General Statutes, "to collect information on the
subject of labor, its relation to capital, the hours of labor, the earnings of
laboring men and women and the means of promoting their material, social,
intellectual and moral prosperity." This division is a critically important
segment of Labor Department's activities. During the year the Bureau com-
pleted minimum wage and hour studies necessary for the revision of mini-
mum wage orders and the establishment of new wage orders. Much of the
data from these surveys were of great importance to the Legislature in its
deliberations regarding the enactment of minimum wage legislation for the
State of Connecticut which has been referred to elsewhere in this report.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics has issued monthly reports on employ-
ment, wages and hours by industry and by labor market areas, supplied
labor market data for firms interested in moving into Connecticut, made
reports to Washington on labor market conditions in connection with
defense planning, has prepared the "Safety News and Views", a publication
directing the attention of employers and workers to information important
to the improvement of working conditions. The division also prepares
and makes available an "Operations and Activities Report" monthly.
This report gives to the Commissioner and his administrative staff a
comprehensive accounting of the activities of the Labor Department with
necessary comparisons and sufficient information on which to plan for
effective administration of the department's activities.
176 LABOR DEPARTMENT
CONNECTICUT STATE BOARD OF LABOR RELATIONS
The present members of the board are : Ashbel G. Gulliver of New
Haven, chairman, term expires June 1, 1957; Peter A. McManus of
Ridgefield, term expires June 1, 1953; and Vincent P. Kiernan of Derby,
term expires June 1, 1955.
The act sets out and defines certain practices by employers which
experience has proved interfere with the right to self-organization guar-
anteed to the employees, and declares such practices to be unfair labor
practices which, if committed by an employer, subjects him to the sanc-
tions contained in the act. The board is empowered and directed to prevent
the commission of such unfair labor practices. Two entirely different
administrative procedures are established by the act ; first, unfair labor
practice proceedings for preventing and redressing interferences with the
right to self-organization guaranteed to the employees ; and second, repre-
sentation proceedings for quickly ascertaining the wishes of the employees
as to their collective bargaining representative.
Unfair Labor Practice Proceedings: The act sets forth the procedure
to be followed by the board in determining whether such unfair labor
practices have been committed. It provides for the issuance by the agent
of a complaint, for the filing of an answer and for formal hearing before
the board at which the employer has full opportunity to participate and
to defend against said complaint. The act declares that the board is not
bound by technical rules of evidence ; and provides for an appropriate
order to be made by the board in cases where the employer has engaged
in or is engaging in unfair labor practices. The board may order an
employer to cease and desist from such unfair labor practices and take
such affirmative action it believes will effectuate the policies of the act.
Representation Proceedings: The act provides that representatives
selected or designated by a majority of the employees in a unit appro-
priate for such purposes, or by the majority of the employees voting in
an election conducted by the board, shall be the exclusive representative
of all of the employees of such unit for the purposes of collective bar-
gaining. A representation proceeding, unlike an unfair labor practice pro-
ceeding, is a non-adversary fact-finding proceeding in which it is the duty
of the board to determine two questions : first, to decide in each case what
grouping of employees constitutes an appropriate bargaining unit; and
second, to ascertain the wishes of the majority of the employees in such
appropriate bargaining unit with respect to their bargaining representative.
There was a total of 67 new cases filed with the board during the
past fiscal year. Forty of these cases involved petitions by employees for
the investigation and certification of bargaining representatives in pur-
suance of Section 7393 of the act. These cases are referred to herein as
representation cases. Twenty-seven cases involved complaints alleging that
employers had committed unfair labor practices in violation of Section
7392 of the act. During the same period the board closed 75 cases, 46 of
which were representation cases and 29 were unfair labor practice com-
plaints. The board issued 34 formal decisions. The activities and operation
of the board during this period are substantially reflected in the statistical
tables which are made part of this report.
LABOR DEPARTMENT 177
During the last year the act was amended by the General Assembly
to permit the conduct of elections among employees during working hours
and upon an employer's property. The act previously had prohibited the
conduct of elections during working hours on the employer's property. In
practice the board found that it would serve the convenience and interest
of the employees if elections were conducted at the place of employment
and in many elections pursuant to the agreement of the unions and employ-
ers elections were so conducted. The amendment now legalizes such prac-
tice. It is still the board's policy not to conduct elections during the work-
ing hours or upon the employer's property unless it is agreed to by the
interested parties.
The act also was amended to permit the board, subject to the provisions
of Chapter 14 of the General Statutes, to appoint such employees, including
an assistant to the agent, for such period as may be necessary to carry out
the work of the board without undue delay.
In the six-year period, between July 1, 1945 and July 1, 1951, that
the board has functioned, a total of 414 cases have been filed with it.
Two hundred sixty-seven of these cases were representation cases, the
remaining 147 cases involved unfair labor practice complaints. Four hun-
dred and six of these cases have been closed, of which 265 were represen-
tation cases and 141 were unfair labor practice complaints. The agent of
the board was successful, in 112 cases, in getting the parties to enter into
voluntary agreements with respect to the. appropriate bargaining unit and
the method by which the wishes of the employees were to be ascertained,
thereby eliminating the necessity of formal hearings by the board in those
cases. The board has conducted 151 elections, by secret ballot, for the
selection of bargaining representatives by employees. Forty-two of these
elections were in pursuance to orders of the board and 109 were in pur-
suance to the agreements of the parties. Eight cases, one of which was
filed in June, 1951, are still pending.
RESUME OF CASES
The activities of the board during its sixth fiscal year, July 1, 1950
to June 30, 1951, are shown on the following series of tables:
SUMMARY OF BOARD CASES— JULY 1, 1950-JUNE 30, 1951
Total Number of Cases Pending 7/1/50 16
New Cases 7/1/50-6/30/51 67 83
Total Cases closed during year — 75
Total Cases pending 6/30/51 8
The following breakdown will show the extent of the action taken on the cases
pending before the Board on June 30, 1951. It should be noted that of the 8 cases
pending, 1 was filed during the month of June, 1951 :
Cases Pending 6/30/51 8
In conference or hearing stage 4
In litigation (Appeal and Enforcement proceedings) 4
Total 8
The Board closed out a total of 75 cases, the disposition of which is outlined
in the following tables :
178 LABOR DEPARTMENT
CLOSED CASES
Representation Cases Closed 46
Disposed of without formal hearings : 38
Adjusted through conference 5
Certification following consent payroll comparison 2
Certification following consent election 13
Dismissed for lack of majority following consent
election 5
Withdrawn 8
Withdrawn (lack of jurisdiction) 1
Dismissed for lack of prosecution 1
Dismissed for lack of jurisdiction 3 38
Disposed of after formal hearings : 8
Certification following election ordered by Board 1
Dismissed for lack of majority following election
ordered by Board 2
Dismissed on merits 1
Certification following election by consent of parties 3
Dismissed following election by consent of parties 1 8
The Board was called upon to make a final determination with respect to four
elections conducted by consent of the parties at which challenged ballots affected
the result of the election.
Unfair Labor Practice Cases Closed 29
Disposed of without formal hearings : 27
Adjusted through conference 8
Withdrawn by complainant after Agent refused to
issue complaint 2
Dismissed after Agent refused to issue complaint 2
Withdrawn 7
Dismissed for lack of jurisdiction 1
Dismissed for lack of evidence of charge 3
Withdrawn by complainant after consummation
of contract 3
Dismissed for lack of prosecution 1 27
Disposed of after formal hearings : 2
Cease and desist order issued (compliance secured) 1
Dismissed by Board on merits 1 2
DIVISION OF APPRENTICE TRAINING
The Division of Apprentice Training in the Labor Department is re-
sponsible for the field work of the Connecticut State Apprenticeship Council
which in turn, under executive order, is responsible for the promotion, ap-
proval and development of apprentice training under standards of appren-
ticeship established and approved by state apprenticeship councils. The
Connecticut State Apprenticeship Council during the year closing on June
30, 1951 was composed of G. Roy Fugal, Paul H. Hawley, Paul A. Blondin
representing employers ; James J. Clerkin, Cummings S. Kinsman and John
P. O'Donnell representing labor ; John L. Connors, Richard H. Howes and
William G. Ennis representing the public — the latter as Deputy Labor Com-
missioner is also the executive secretary of the Council. The Connecticut
State Apprenticeship Council meets monthly or more often if necessary for
the purpose of approving apprenticeship standards and training programs
and recommending policy for the successful promotion and administration
LABOR DEPARTMENT 179
of apprentice training in Connecticut. Council members are entitled to $10
for each day spent in the performance of their duties in lieu of expenses.
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, Connecticut was among
the leaders with 5,447 establishments approved to train apprentices through
7,785 approved programs for various trades. It is to be noted that some
establishments approved for training had more than one training program,
that is, the establishment was training apprentices in more than one trade.
Although six years have elapsed since the termination of World War II,
as of the close of business on June 30, 1951, there were 1,527 veterans of
that war in training and receiving subsistence from the federal government
under the provisions of Public Law 346 as amended, the so-called Veterans
Bill of Rights.
Considering that apprentice training is entirely voluntary on the
part of the worker as well as on the part of the employer, and represents
a cooperative effort on both to improve the status of the worker as well
as to provide industry with an adequate supply of skilled workers, it is
very important to emphasize the commendation to which representatives
of labor and management who have given generously of their time and
effort to further the success of apprentice training in Connecticut are
entitled. At appropriate ceremonies in Hartford and Bridgeport, 664
apprentices were issued certificates of completion, evidencing that each
had been duly certified as having satisfactorily completed all of his appren-
tice training requirements, including related technical instruction. Sup-
porting the work of the Council in the Division of Apprentice Training is
Thomas Yoczik, Chief of Apprentice Training.
This division of the department was reimbursed by the Veterans
Administration in the amount of $20,502.50 during the fiscal year for
services rendered by the Apprentice Training Division to the Veterans
Administration in connection with that portion of Public Law 346 which
applies to subsistence benefits for veterans of World War II training in
apprenticeable occupations. It is important to point out the fact that
critical production requirements of our defense production program can
be met only with an adequate supply of skilled mechanics. It is important,
therefore, that labor and management accept full responsibility for con-
tinuing to contribute their share in the training of our youth in the skills
necessary for the maintenance of high production schedules. During the
year, local draft boards have been advised by the directors of the Selective
Service System to give consideration for the deferment of apprentices
in critical occupations in those industries which are essential to the suc-
cessful accomplishment of the national defense program.
MEDIATION AND ARBITRATION
There is established in the Labor Department by statute the Con-
necticut Board of Meditation and Arbitration whose functions are to aid
employers and unions in negotiating satisfactory working agreements, to
assist through mediation in the settlement of industrial disputes, and at the
request of both parties to a controversy, to serve as an arbitration tribunal
for the final resolution of the dispute. There are six members on the Con-
necticut Board of Mediation and Arbitration appointed by the Governor
for a six year term. Two of the members serve as representatives of em-
180 LABOR DEPARTMENT
ployers, two as representatives of employees, and two as representatives of
the general public. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, the board
members included Rev. Joseph F. Donnelly, Chairman, -representing the
public; Robert L. Stutz, Deputy Chairman representing the public; Samuel
F. Curry, who is affiliated with the American Federation of Labor, repre-
senting employees ; Mitchell Sviridoff, who is affiliated with the Congress
of Industrial Organizations, representing employees ; W. Stewart Clark
and Warren L. Mattram, representing employers. In addition, the Division
of Mediation and Arbitration consists of three mediation agents, Perley M.
Hovey, Renato Ricciuti and Philip J. Coons, also two hearing stenographers,
and one office stenographer. Robert A. Cronin, Secretary of the Board, is
charged with the responsibility of executing its policy in assigning cases
to the mediation agents in the field when the Board is not in session.
During the fiscal year 438 cases were serviced by the board and the
mediation agents. Of this number 335 were disputes in which the services
of the board were requested as an arbitration tribunal. Of the 335 cases
mediated, 83 were work stoppages. It is important to note that relatively
few of these work stoppages were serious and extended strikes. In view
of the high rate of industrial activity in Connecticut the adjustment of these
disputes without serious losses is an achievement worthy of strong emphasis.
Two arbitration cases before the board were carried to the courts for
judicial review. In one instance the case was withdrawn and the award of
the board carried out by the parties involved, and in the second case, the
Supreme Court of Errors reviewed the decision of the Superior Court
and the action of the board was upheld in both cases. The rulings in both
of these instances were of extreme importance to the policy of the board.
EMPLOYMENT SECURITY DIVISION
The unemployed worker is the prime concern of the Employment
Security Division. The Connecticut State Employment Service helps him
to obtain a suitable job, while the Unemployment Compensation pays him
benefits to meet his minimum needs until he secures such a job. At the
end of June 1951, there were 689 full-time workers employed by the Division
to carry out these and related functions.
The Korean War shifted the emphasis of the work of the Division to
securing labor needed by Connecticut's industry in order to produce arma-
ments and other essential goods during the critical days of the past year.
At the start of the fiscal year in July 1950, unemployment totaled 54,600
but dropped rapidly and, by the end of the year, was down to 17,300.
After a slight rise in January and February, the number of jobseekers
dropped to 15,100 in March 1951, the lowest number in the six years
since the end of World War II. At the close of the fiscal year, unemploy-
ment had risen to 19,200 due, in part, to shortage of materials and conver-
sion layoffs.
Because of the diminishing supply of labor, the selection and referral
of workers to defense plants by the Connecticut State Employment Service
was of increased importance. The payment of unemployment compensation
benefits to persons idle due to material shortages or conversion layoffs
helped to conserve manpower supplied and to alleviate the hardships upon
the unemployed and their families.
LABOR DEPARTMENT 181
Reflecting the increasing responsibilities of the rearmament program,
the State Employment Service found 116,593 jobs during the fiscal year,
from July 1950 through June 1951, as compared with 83,394 jobs in the
previous fiscal year. There were 32,179 visits made to employers.
The Unemployment Compensation Department wrote 567,779 unem-
ployment checks during the fiscal year amounting to $10,821,553, a weekly
average payment of $19.06. At the end of the fiscal year, the unemploy-
ment compensation fund had a balance of $166,563,928 available for benefits.
ADMINISTRATION EXPENDITURES
The Employment Security Division receives all money for admin-
istrative expenditures from federal grants. The United States Department
of Labor allocates the grants from moneys specifically appropriated by
Congress. The Veterans Administration also granted a small sum for
administering the curtailed readjustment allowance program for unemployed
and self-employed World War II veterans.
The Division was granted a total of $2,989,000 for the fiscal year, of
which $46,000 was from the Veterans Administration. Actual expenditures
were only $2,703,045, which was $28*5,955 less than the amount granted.
Amounts granted and used, by categories and sources, are shown in
the following table :
MONEYS ALLOTTED AND DISBURSED
July 1950— June 1951
TOTAL
UC-ES
VA
Granted for Fiscal Year
$2,989,000
$2,943,000
$46,000
Total Disbursed
2,703,045
2,669,918
33,127
Personal Services
2,206,930
2,184,528
22,402
Supplies
47,736
47,230
506
Communications
26,652
26,198
454
Travel
21,269
20,787
482
Printing and Binding
5,134
5,066
68
Heat, Light, and Water
18,687
18,164
523
Rental of Premises
220,216
214,811
5,405
Rental of Equipment
29,625
28,440
1,185
Repairs and Alterations-
—Premises
371
364
7
Repairs and Alterations-
-Equipment
5,875
5,758
117
Equipment
29,450
29,450
—
Miscellaneous
91,100
89,122
1,978
At the end of the fiscal year 1950-1951, there were 689 employed by
the Division, 205 fewer than at the beginning of the fiscal year. Of the
302 in the Unemployment Compensation Department, 97 were in the
field offices engaged primarily in taking claims, 182 were employed at the
central office in Hartford engaged in the processing and payment of un-
employment claims and in the collection of employer contributions, and
23 were occupied throughout the State in auditing employer accounts. The
Employment Service was manned by 311 employees, of whom 17 were
located in the central office and 294 were in the 26 field and branch offices.
In addition, there were 76 employees in joint units serving the over-all
Division.
182 LABOR DEPARTMENT
ADMINISTRATION AND ORGANIZATION
The Employment Security Division is administered by a full-time,
salaried Executive Director, Howard E. Hausman. He is subject to the
supervision and direction of the Labor Commissioner.
The Division is composed of two principal operating units, the Un-
employment Compensation Department and the Connecticut State Employ-
ment Service. The Unemployment Compensation Department is under the
direction of James J. Graham, who is appointed and serves under the pro-
visions of the State merit system. The State Employment Service, whose
main function is the securing of jobs for unemployed workers, is under
the direction of Thomas I. Shea. This position is also under the merit
system.
In addition to the main operating departments, the following staff
functions are responsible to the Executive Director : office management,
research and statistics, legal affairs, training, and information.
The Division is located at 92 Farmington Avenue, Hartford. It has
26 full-time and seven part-time offices throughout the State located for
optimum service to employees and employers.
UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION DEPARTMENT
The Unemployment Compensation Department has the responsibility
of paying unemployment benefits to eligible applicants and of collecting
contributions from liable employers to finance such benefits. Approximately
835,000 Connecticut workers had wages covered under the Unemploy-
ment Compensation Law in at least one quarter of the calendar year 1950.
There were approximately 21,550 employers liable for contributions.
The balance in the unemployment compensation fund for the payment
of benefits to the jobless rose to $166,563,928 on June 30, 1951, an increase
of $17,191,106 over the fund available at the end of the previous fiscal
year. The balance in the fund is more than the aggregate amount of $163,-
412,561 paid out in the thirteen and one half years that benefits have been
disbursed.
The money in the fund is by law in the custody of the federal govern-
ment, which pays interest at the average rate of all outstanding govern-
ment bonds. The rate of interest averaged 2.15 per cent during the last
fiscal year. Since 1937, the fund has earned $32,035,975 in interest or 20
per cent of the amount paid out in benefits during its existence. With-
drawals from the fund are limited by law to benefit payments. Administra-
tive funds are from federal grants.
LABOR DEPARTMENT
183
UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION FUND
1937-1951
RECEIPTS
EXPENDITURES
Fiscal
Years
Balance at
Transfers to
Ending
End of
Contributions
Interest on
Railroad Re-
Benefit
June 30
Fiscal Year
Collected
Trust Fund
tirement Board
Payments
Total
$166,563,928
$298,744,507
$32,035,975
$803,993
$163,412,561
1951
166,563,928
24,738,931
3,294,715
—
10,842,540
1950
149,372,822
13,284,974
3,549,557
—
41,686,622
1949
174,224,913
7,671,691
4,031,186
—
29,486,185
1948
192,008,221
7,001,143
3,886,952
—
11,471,599
1947
192,591,725
29,543,672
3,409,950
—
11,544,693
1946
171,182,796
25,846,375
3,266,264
—
27,293,641
1945
169,363,798
30,004,609
2,789,008
—
1,641,057
1944
138,211,238
31,830,655
2,232,501
8,377
753,218
1943
104,909,677
28,927,379
1,899,261
3,620
1,686,148
1942
75,772,805
23,951,170
1,472,124
—
3,072,498
1941
53,422,009
21,811,606
952,576
8,996
3,217,867
1940
33,884,690
17,841,185
490,039
783,000
5,407,499
1939
21,743,965
15,672,965
426,670
—
7,762,295
1938
13,406,625
11,055,787
288,357
—
7,546,699
1937
9,609,180
9,562,365
46,815
—
—
Interest received on late contributions is placed in a special adminis-
trative fund which can be used only for the payment of administrative costs
which are not chargeable to federal funds. At the end of June 1951, this
fund totaled $155,886.
The Unemployment Compensation Department consists of two main
operating units : accounting and benefit claims.
The accounting section operates under the supervision of the Chief
Accountant and determines the liability status of employers, audits em-
ployer accounts, collects contributions, issues unemployment checks, audits
benefit claims and keeps accounting records of the unemployment com-
pensation fund.
The records of 11,874 employers were examined during the fiscal year
1950-1951 resulting in the recovery of $251,622 in additional assessments,
while refund credits aggregating $14,623 were allowed. This total includes
2,571 complete audits. The contribution status of 11,891 employers was
reviewed and 3,288 were determined to be liable for contributions. A total
of 94,624 quarterly employer contribution returns were processed.
The accounting section collected employer contributions amounting to
$24,738,931 for the fiscal year 1950-1951; this total was almost double
the $13,284,974 received during the previous fiscal year and was more
than triple the $7,671,691 received in the fiscal year 1948-1949. Rates
have risen during the past two years, mainly because of the heavy drain
on the fund during the recession of 1949 and early 1950. Taxable payrolls
have also increased because of the general economic improvement during
the past year. The accounting section also issued 543,600 unemployment
checks during the fiscal year aggregating $10,842,540.
The benefit claims section is supervised by the Director of Benefits,
who is responsible to the Director of the Unemployment Compensation
Department. In addition to the claims examination, monetary determina-
tions, and filing units, this section has 19 full-time area offices and 13
branch or itinerant offices where unemployment claims are taken. During
184 LABOR DEPARTMENT
the fiscal year 1950-1951, the field offices took 851,141 continued and
initial claims. Quarterly wage reports numbering 2,823,169 for covered
workers were received and processed during the fiscal year. Monetary
determinations of benefit rate and duration were made for 103,367 jobless
claimants. These determinations have been speeded up by the installation
of machines which do the entire calculation.
The Division was still paying servicemen's readjustment allowances
to some 18 World War II veterans under the GI law at the end of the
fiscal year, although the law was sharply curtailed for most veterans at
the end of July 1949. As of June 30, 1951, approximately 123,500 Con-
necticut veterans had received almost $40 million in unemployment and
self-employment benefits since September 1944 through the offices of the
Employment Security Division. No part of these payments came from the
Connecticut fund, since the entire program was financed by the Veterans
Administration.
The Administrator was aided greatly by the Advisory Council, which
meets periodically for the purpose of formulating recommendations to the
legislature and to the Administrator. The Council, which serves without
pay, consists of six members equally representing the public, employers,
and labor, in accordance with Section 7511 of the General Statutes. Henry S.
Beers of West Hartford, Chairman, and Eleanor H. Little of Guilford,
who was replaced on January 1, 1951, by William A. Scott of Hartford,
represented the public ; Ellsworth S. Grant of West Hartford and Fred-
erick M. Waterhouse of Bristol represent employers; and Margaret Con-
nors Driscoll of Bridgeport and Norman Zolot of New Haven represent
labor.
CONNECTICUT STATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE
The Connecticut State Employment Service is headed by a Director,
who is responsible to the Executive Director of the Division. The basic
purpose is placing qualified men and women in suitable jobs with the least
loss of time between jobs. This is done in its 26 full-time and seven part-
time field offices through six functions:
1. Placement service;
2. Employment counseling and selective placement service;
3. Special services to veterans ;
, 4. Industrial services;
5. Labor market information ;
6. Participation in community affairs.
During the fiscal year 1950-1951, there were 100,815 new applicants
who registered for work in the local offices in addition to the 55,893 who
were actively registered at the start of the fiscal year; 220,831 referrals to
jobs were made and, of this number 116,593 were placed in jobs. Repre-
sentatives of the Service made 32,179 personal visits to Connecticut em-
ployers, seeking jobs for the jobless and assisting employers in improving
their personnel practices.
The 290,000 Connecticut veterans continued to receive special atten-
tion when they applied to the Employment Service. In each local office,
there is a veterans' employment representative who is trained to assist
LABOR DEPARTMENT 185
veterans. At the end of the fiscal year there were 3,988 veterans seeking
work compared with 9,642 at the beginning and 28,236 on July 1, 1949.
During the fiscal year 1950-1951, referrals of veterans to jobs numbered
47,538 resulting in 23,511 being placed in suitable positions. Of those placed,
3,894 were handicapped veterans.
One of the more important services is employment counseling, which
helps applicants choose and adjust to appropriate employment. Specially
trained representatives held 21,907 counseling interviews during the fiscal
year.
Another special function is the industrial services program which as-
sists employers in the application and use of Employment Service ma-
terials, techniques and related information to aid in resolving some of their
employment problems. It encourages progressive personnel management
practices and, in addition, employers are assisted in giving occupational
aptitude tests to applicants for the purpose of selecting the best qualified
person. Aptitude tests were given to 4,762 persons and proficiency tests
to 4,429 during the fiscal year. Technicians of the Employment Service
are continually assisting both large and small employers in analyzing jobs
and workers' skills, setting up personnel records, turnover and absenteeism
records, and with other personnel problems.
In addition to a full-time Farm Placement Officer at the administrative
office, specially trained interviewers in the field offices assist both farmers
and farm workers. During the fiscal year 1950-1951, there were 2,856
agricultural employer visits made, as a result of which 13,088 workers
were placed in farm jobs.
In order to assist the government in the allocation of defense contracts
at the start of and during World War II, the labor market information
service, established during World War II to supply manpower data to
Washington, was expanded to meet the needs of the Korean crisis and
the rearmament program. During the fiscal year, labor market letters were
issued monthly for Bridgeport, Hartford, New Britain, New Haven and
Waterbury and, quarterly, for Stamford. One-time letters were also issued
for New London, Norwalk, Bristol, Thompsonville, Danbury, Meriden,
and Ansonia.
The labor market information unit assisted numerous employers who
were seeking new Connecticut locations by supplying them with timely in-
formation on the type of skilled and unskilled labor available as well as
prevailing wage rates in the areas.
STAFF FUNCTIONS
Assisting the Executive Director in the over-all administration of the
Division are five staff units. The Legal Unit is mainly concerned with ren-
dering opinions concerning employer liability and amount of disputed con-
tributions due, and with representing the Administrator in court cases
concerning benefit awards and employer liability. The Office Management
Unit prepares budgets, recruits personnel, makes all purchases for the
Division, and prepares and maintains payroll records. The Training Unit
instructs new employees in basic departmental practices and conducts pro-
grams to improve the general performance of all personnel.
186 LABOR DEPARTMENT
The Publicity Unit prepares the Monthly Bulletin of the Department
of Labor which informs the general public of the operations of the Division
and issues periodic press releases concerning matters of general interest.
The Research Department prepares reports on various phases of unem-
ployment insurance and employment service operations and programs for
administrative and management officials as well as for required reporting
to Washington. It is also responsible for the labor market letters as well as
the answering of many requests for special labor market data.
PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
Date established — September 9, 1911
Statutory authority-
1911
-Chapter 128, Public Acts of
Administrative heads — Eugene S. Loughlin,
Chairman; Henry B. Strong, Commissioner;
Frederick H. Holbrook, Commissioner
Secretary — Louis B. Warren
Central Office — State Office Building; Telephone
7-6341
Average number of full-time employees — 50.
Organization structure — Accounting and Finance
Division ; Engineering Division ; Secretarial Di-
vision ; Legal Division ; Motor Transportation
Division
BESS
The Commission regulates privately owned public service companies
which supply electric, gas, express, railroad, water, telegraph or telephone
service to the general public, of which there are 104 operating in Connecti-
cut. In addition, the Commission regulates — but only as to accounting —
39 municipally owned and operated utility plants, principally water utilities.
The Commission also regulates over 10,300 motor carriers engaged in
the transportation of passengers or property for hire within the State, such
as, motor carriers of passengers, motor truck carriers of property, taxicab
operators, and operators of livery service.
The public service companies, comprising 104 in number, are subject
to regulation with regard to rates and service, public safety in the operation
of plant and equipment, issuance of securities, borrowings of money, mer-
gers, consolidations, dissolutions, sale, lease, assignment or mortgage of
any essential part of their utility plant, management of their property under
a managerial service contract, valuation of their property, accounting, audits,
financial reports, and investigation of accidents and complaints.
These powers with respect to the 104 public service companies apply in
large part to the 10,300 motor carriers of passengers or property for hire.
In addition, those motor carriers who desire to extend their public service
187
188 PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
and every individual desiring to engage in any of these public services
must first obtain authority of this Commission.
The Commission acts principally through public hearings, in the ex-
ercise of most of the powers set forth above. The record in any hearing
before the Commission is, by statute, the record on appeal by any person
from the Commission's order, which appeal is by statute to the Superior
Court. Much of the regulation of the Commission is interrelated with the
regulation of the same forms of public utility services by the agencies of
the Federal Government or of other State Governments.
ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMISSION
Space in this report will not permit of a detailed analysis of the Com-
mission's activities ; but in the following tabulation there is shown a
condensed summary of the formal proceedings conducted by the Commis-
sion and the number of Findings and Orders issued for the twelve-month
period ended June 30, 1951 :
TABLE I
Number
of
Findings and
Classification
Hearings
Held
Ord
ers Issued
Open
Electric
3
3
0
Gas
4
3
1
Gas and Electric
2
2
0
Telephone and Telegraph
4
0
Water
12
12
0
Railroad
19
14
5
Motor Bus
54
61
4
Motor Truck
57
62
3
Taxicab
12
11
2
Livery
16
18
0
Total 183 190 15
NATURAL GAS
At the 1951 Session of the General Assembly, Public Act 326 was
passed placing under the jurisdiction of the Commission natural gas pipe
line companies engaged in the transportation of natural gas with respect
to the health, safety, and welfare of the inhabitants of this state. In compli-
ance with the mandate of the Legislature, the Commission is presently
engaged in the promulgation of appropriate rules, regulations, and con-
struction standards for the proposed pipe lines to be installed in Connecti-
cut insofar as they relate to the safety of the public and to the employees of
the pipe line companies. Due to litigation in obtaining rights of way, the
actual construction of the pipe lines in this state has been delayed and it
appears now that this new natural resource will not be available for distri-
bution in Connecticut until 1952.
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
Connecticut today leads the nation in the percentage of farms re-
ceiving electric service. The distribution lines of our electric utilities have
been extended throughout the entire state and electric service is available
for nearly every rural household or farm that wishes to use electricity. As a
PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION 189
result of a survey made by the Commission as of June 30, 1951, only ten
farms in the entire State remained to be served with electricity. Six of
these unserved farms have been offered service by the utility companies
and have either refused the service or have not as yet accepted it. Three
farms in the state are located in areas so remotely inaccessible that the
extension of the companies' distribution lines to serve these farms is not
presently justified. The one farm remaining not using electric service as of
June 30, 1951, we are now informed, will very soon be served.
190
PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
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PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION 191
During the period covered by this report the Commission, after inves-
tigation and hearings, authorized the several public utility companies listed
in Table II to issue additional shares of capital stock and bonds in the
aggregate amount of $26,679,000 for the purpose of financing, in part, the
cost of enlarging and improving utility plant and property. In the tabula-
tion preceding we show the company, the amount authorized, interest and
dividend rates, and the purpose for which the proceeds are to be used.
FATAL ACCIDENTS
The Commission is also required by statute to investigate all fatal
accidents involving public service corporations and motor common carriers
for the purpose of determining the cause of and the circumstances con-
nected with each such accident and to make appropriate recommendations,
if possible, whereby similar accidents may be avoided in the future. During
the year covered by this report 98 fatal accidents were investigated by
staff members of the Commission's Engineering Division. Table III lists
the number of informal conferences, complaints, and fatal accidents:
TABLE III
Fatal
Classification Conferences Complaints Accidents Total
Electric 2 14 2 18
Gas 4 10 1 15
Gas and Electric 3 33 11 47
Telephone and Telegraph 4 34 12 50
Water 12 35 0 47
Railroad 12 1 31 44
Motor Truck 68 59 32 159
Motor Bus 15 61 7 83
Taxicab 3 12 2 17
Livery 0 0 0 0
Total 123 259 98 480
EXPENDITURES
The total expenditures made during the year covered by this report
amounted to $230,036.65, divided as follows:
Personal services $204,995.50
Contractual services 8,568.21
Supplies and Materials 13,816.41
Total recurring expenses $227,380.12
Capital outlay 2,656.53
Total expenditures $230,036.65
SOURCES OF INCOME
The Commission received, and deposited with the State Treasurer,
during the period, July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951, receipts totaling $143,-
086.43. Of this sum, $140,890.00 was received in payment of identification
marker plates issued at the rate of $5.00 each to motor vehicle operators
authorized by the Commission to engage in the transportation of property
for hire; $380.00 was received from applicants seeking authority from
192 PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
the Commission to engage in the business of transporting property for hire
within the State; $1,081.75 was received from the sale of transcripts of
evidence of formal proceedings before the Commission; $510.82 was re-
ceived from the sale of copies of the Commission's annual report; and the
balance, $223.86, represents collections for copies of accident reports, test-
ing meters, etc. From the above it will be noted that the total expenditures
by the Commission during the year amounted to $230,036.65 and the total
revenues received amounted to $143,086.43, resulting in a net cost of $86,-
950.22 for administering the Commission's statutory duties.
The number of approved positions in this Commission is 50 — including
three Commissioners — and the number of persons employed as of the date
of this report is 49 — including three Commissioners.
MILITARY DEPARTMENT
Established— 1782
waa"^. Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 1224 to 1328 as amended
Administrative head — Maj. Gen. Frederick G.
Reincke, The Adjutant General
Deputy administrator — Brig. Gen. James M.
Quinn, Assistant Adjutant General
***<£■ Central office — State Armory, Broad Street, Hart-
: -;;; _: ford ; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 896, 897 and 2631
Average number oj. full-time employees — 118
The Military Department is organized along General Staff lines with
The Adjutant General as Chief of Staff and the usual four staff sections, i.e.,
administration, intelligence (public information) operations and training,
property and procurement. The special staff consists of the office of The
USP&DO, who is a federal officer with federal employees, and a fiscal divi-
sion and personnel section, who are purely state employees.
EFFECT OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY
Due to the national emergency which was sparked by the Korean situa-
tion the National Guard of our state was called upon during the fiscal year
to furnish the bulk of its troops for federal duty.
As of 14 August 1950 the following organizations of the 103rd AAA
Brigade were ordered to active duty : The 238th and 745th AAA Gun Bn
and 172nd Oprs. Detachment. On 4 September 1950 the Connecticut ele-
ments of the 43rd Infantry Division were federalized. On 23 January 1951
the 400th Signal Radar Maint. unit of the 103rd AAA Brigade was feder-
alized. On 1 February the 118th Fighter Sqdn and 118th Weather Stations
of the Air Guard were alerted and then on 1 March 1951 all of the Air Guard
except the 103rd Air Control and Warning Squadron were ordered into
federal service and out of the state.
193
194 MILITARY DEPARTMENT
On 15 May the 208th and 242d AAA Group headquarters were also
federalized.
After the completion of these operations the only troops remaining in
the Connecticut National Guard were the State Headquarters Staff and
Detachment, Headquarters of 103rd AAA Brigade, 283rd and 211th AAA
Gun Bn, the 712th Ord. Maint. Co. and 102nd Army Band.
NEW UNITS OF ARMY NATIONAL GUARD
During the fiscal year three new batteries of Anti-Aircraft Artillery
were organized and in addition two small AA units — the 400th Signal Radar
unit and 201st Radar Controlled Air Target Detachment were recognized.
ARMORIES AND OTHER REAL ESTATE
As of 30 June 1951 the State Military Department had under its super-
vision and control 210 buildings and 2,836 acres of land with a valuation of
over $4,000,000. State owned contents of these buildings is valued at over
$1,000,000. Presently with the reduced amount of federal property in the
state its value is approximately $5,000,000.
During the year the state has accepted two motor vehicle storage build-
ings at Naugatuck and Southington which were bought with federal funds
and are now being used as temporary armories. In the interest of brevity
military controlled properties are not listed herein.
The activation of the Connecticut State Guard in September 1950
necessitated the using of all armories which had been vacated by the Na-
tional Guard on their induction into federal service.
FISCAL
Appropriations for and expenditures of the Military Department for
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951 were as follows :
Appropriations Expenditures
$1,458,894.15 Total recurring $1,108,312.61
Capital Outlay 142,173.04
Total $1,250,485.65
During the same period the federal government spent $1,580,837.27 for
ordinary recurring expenses, not including armory drill pay which was
something over $2,400,000.
This fact is emphasized here to indicate the dual status of every guards-
man— who swears to uphold the constitution of the United States and of
the State of Connecticut.
CONNECTICUT NAVAL MILITIA
Organizaion — The Connecticut Naval Militia is organized into one
.battalion of six divisions under the command of Commander Raynham
Townshend, CNM-USNR. These divisions have dual Naval Militia-Naval
Reserve status, all officers and enlisted men being obligated for both federal
and state service.
MILITARY DEPARTMENT 195
Training Centers — All units are quartered in USNR training centers
located in the following cities : New Haven, Hartford, Bridgeport, Stam-
ford, Cromwell and Waterbury. These training centers were built and
equipped with federal funds and are maintained and operated by the federal
government. Occasional use is made of state-owned armories located in
divisional areas for small arms practice, infantry drill and for recreational
purposes.
The recruiting program has been accelerated due to the international
situation. Approximately 50% of the officers and 40% of the enlisted men
have been recalled to active duty. In accordance with naval practice orders
were issued on an individual basis, and the division organization maintained
intact. These losses due to recall* have been largely replaced by new recruits.
Strength — The strength of the Naval Militia on 30 June 1950 was:
Officers 50
Warrant Officers 2
Enlisted 528
REGULAR ARMY PERSONNEL
ATTACHED TO THE CONNECTICUT NATIONAL GUARD
To assist in the instruction and training of the National Guard, The
Department of Army and the Department of the Air Force details certain
regular officers as instructors and advisors.
There are four commissioned officers, one Warrant Officer, and six
non-commissioned officers on duty with Connecticut National Guard units
located in five separate stations.
STATE GUARD
Since the bulk of the National Guard has been called into federal ser-
vice it became necessary under the provisions of the General Statutes to
provide for internal security of the State by other means. Accordingly, the
State Guard was organized under General Order No. 15 which was issued
on 8 August 1950. Three regiments and a brigade headquarters were or-
ganized with Major General Reincke, The Adjutant General, in command.
An Officers Orientation School was held in September 1950 to orient
all of the newly appointed officers in administration and training of the units.
At the close of the fiscal year 55 units consisting of 267 officers and 1,649
enlisted men had been organized.
The acquisition of equipment for these units presented a particularly
difficult problem in that federal funds, weapons, and clothing were not made
available. However, equipment was procured and as of the year end plans
were under way to send the entire brigade to the State Camp grounds at
Niantic for training.
FIRST COMPANY, GOVERNOR'S FOOT GUARD
Major Raymond F. Gates, Commandant
During the fiscal year the First Company held fifty drills and forma-
tions including five days at Camp Lodge at Niantic from 26 June to 30 June
1951.
196 MILITARY DEPARTMENT
The command participated in various special events including the
American Legion Department Convention parade, the 175th anniversary
celebration of the Second Company, G.F.G., Rochambeau Day, Hartford
Armistice Day parade. On 13 January 1951 the command did Escort Duty
for retiring Governor Chester Bowles, and Governor-Elect John Lodge.
The strength of the company at the year end was 8 commissioned offi-
cers, 21 non-commissioned officers, 85 privates, 1 field musician, 1 band
leader and 30 musicians.
SECOND COMPANY, GOVERNOR'S FOOT GUARD
Major Carl G. Swanson; Commandant
Strength as of 30 June 1951 :
Active membership 188
Field Music 27
Honorary Staff 6
Honorary Members 12
Veterans and Retired Staff 61
Total Membership 294
During the year the command participated in the annual encampment
at Niantic with 100 officers and men present.
In August a three day period was set aside for the celebration of the
175th Anniversary of the Granting of the charter to the company. In addi-
tion to this important celebration the company participaed in various parades
throughout the State including the 300th anniversary celebration in Middle-
town and the Centennial Parade in New Haven. On 3 January the company
attended the Inaugural Parade at Hartford and 14 May the Annual Powder
House Day in New Haven. On 1 November 1950 the company was sad-
dened to hear of the death of Major Robert Henry Gerrish the Commandant.
During the month special election was held electing Captain Carl G. Swan-
son as Major Commandant to fill the vacancy created by the death of Major
Gerrish.
FIRST COMPANY, GOVERNOR'S HORSE GUARDS
Major Arthur J. Bushell, Commandant
In its 163rd year of chartered existence the First Company Governor's
Horse Guard participated in 46 regularly scheduled drills, emphasizing riot
and crowd control, and other military subjects.
The command also participated in other military events around the
State as well as to hold the annual Military Gymkhana.
One week encampment at Camp Bowles, Niantic, was devoted to in-
struction in horsemanship, crowd and riot control. With the activation of
the Connecticut State Guard the company joined 100% and was assigned
special troops to Brigade Headquarters.
As of June 30, 1951, the company strength was 63 enlisted men and
officers.
MILITARY DEPARTMENT 197
SECOND COMPANY, GOVERNOR'S HORSE GUARD
Major Russell J. Ellis, Commandant
Location : Mounted Headquarters — Hillcrest Stables, Orange Avenue,
West Haven. Other Headquarters — Orange Street Armory, New Haven.
Organization Data: Chartered by General Assembly in 1808, inactive
1941-1948 and reorganized 13 January 1949.
Training : Weekly drills were held throughout the year. Sundays in the
winter. Tuesday evenings in the summer.
Strength as of 15 August 1951 : 1 Major, 1 Captain, 2 Lieutenants, 11
non-commissioned officers and 25 privates.
ARCHITECTURAL EXAMINING BOARD
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Established— July 1, 1933
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 4615 to 4620
Administrative head — Harold H. Davis, Secretary
Central office — 29 Whitney Avenue, New Haven;
Telephone, 8-0825
Number of full-time employees — None
The present members of the Board are : Everett V. Meeks, New Haven,
President ; Wakefield Worcester, Washington Depot, Vice-President ;
Harold H. Davis, East Haven, Secretary; T. Merrill Prentice, Hartford;
J. Gerald Phelan, Bridgeport.
The function of this Board is to examine all applicants and register
those qualified to practice architecture in Connecticut, using the title "Archi-
tect," and annually to renew certificates of registration.
Since the previous report made on August 23, 1950, there have been
six meetings of the Board and average attendance of members has been 87%.
Of the 53 candidates who had taken the examinations June 19-22, 1950,
6 passed. Examinations held December 18-21, 1950 were taken by 51 candi-
dates and passed by 12 candidates; on June 12-15, 1951, junior written
examinations were given to 62 candidates, 15 passed.
Junior Written Examinations
N.C.A.R. Boards
Reinstated
Senior Oral Examinations
33
36
3
1
73
198
ARCHITECTURAL EXAMINING BOARD 199
Registrations in force July 1, 1950, plus 73 new registrants total 892.
Six (6) deaths occurred during the year. To date 53 have not renewed their
certificates for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1952.
Of the 892 architects in Connecticut and whose licenses are currently
awaiting to be renewed, 430 are Connecticut resident architects, 462 are
out-of-state architects.
All money received by the Board has been deposited with the state
treasurer and all expenditures have been made through the office of the
state treasurer.
Following is a financial statement from July 1, 1950 to July 1, 1951.
Balance on deposit with State Treasurer, July 1, 1950 $23,709.39
894 renewals @ $5.00 $4,470.00
68 examination fees @ $10 680.00
59 registration fees @ $15 885.00
4 penalty fees® $1.00 4.00
DISBURSEMENTS:
Expenses of Board Members
Secretary's Salary, clerical and examination expenses
Printing, postage, certificates, office supplies, etc.
Membership fees : National Council 1 year, Commercial
Record 1 year
Rent of meeting room
Money order charges
$6,039.00
6,039.00
$29,748.39
$ 103.64
4,274.25
1,276.60
129.00
12.00
.45
5,795.94
$23,952.45
BOARD OF EXAMINERS OF BARBERS
Established — 1901
Statutory authority — Chapter 220, Revision of 1949
Administrative head — Michael R. Rossi, Barber
examiner
Deputy examiners — Patsy L. Cello, Vincent J.
SORTINO
Central office — Room 360, State Office Building,
Ext. 2466
Average number of full-time employees — 5.
Members of the board : Michael R. Rossi, Barber Examiner ; Patsy L.
Cello, Deputy Barber Examiner ; Vincent J. Sortino, Deputy Barber Ex-
aminer.
Location of the board : Room 360, State Office Building.
Source of income : From registrations and renewals of barber shop
licenses, barber licenses, apprentice licenses and barber examination fees.
REPORT OF INCOME
From July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951
Barber school, new shops and renewals
Barber license renewals, new barbers, reinstatements
New apprentices and renewals
REPORT OF EXPENDITURES
From July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951
Personal Services
Contractual Services
Materials and supplies (includes postage)
$ 7,483.00
11,798.00
1,330.00
$ 20,611.00
16,647.50
3,186.42
359.74
$ 20,193.66
200
BOARD OF EXAMINERS IN CHIROPODY
Established — 1915
Statutory autJwrity— -Chapter 219, General Stat-
utes, 1949
Administrative head — Elmer S. Swanson, Presi-
dent
Deputy administrator — John G. Walker, Sec-
Treas.
Central office — 57 Pratt Street, Hartford; Tele-
phone 6-3568
Average number of full-time employees — None
'>.;j.*.jwMJji.ii,i,m,w.i.n b i.—ii
The Connecticut Board of Examiners in Chiropody was originally
established by the 1915 Legislature and re-constituted in 1937. Its present
membership and the expiration dates of their terms are : Stanley H. Osborn,
M.D., Commissioner of Health, ex-officio ; Elmer S. Swanson, D.S.C., New
Britain, president, October 1, 1952; John D. Walker, D.S.C., Windsor,
secretary-treasurer, October 1, 1951 ; Irving Yale, D.S.C., Ansonia, Octo-
ber 1, 1953.
The Connecticut Board of Examiners in Chiropody held examinations
for qualifying certificates on July 11 and 12, 1950, and again on December
4 and 5, 1950. Eighteen applicants were examined in July, of whom nine
passed, and eight were examined in December, six of whom passed.
In addition to the examinations, the board held eight meetings during
the year from July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951.
Several complaints involving chiropodists were received but none re-
quired action beyond investigation and warning the chiropodist, in one
instance.
As of June 30, 1951, applications had been received from twelve
candidates for the July, 1951, examinations. Ten of these were new appli-
cations and two were re-takes.
Examination fees are the sole source of revenue for the Board.
201
COMMISSION OF OPTICIANS
agsCTMCWBaaBB—g
Established— 1935
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 217
Administrative head — S. Burr Leikind, Executive
Secretary
Central office — 410 Asylum Street, Hartford; Tele-
phone 2-3076
Average number of full-time employees — 3
The present members of the commission are : Richard B. Lewis, West
Hartford, President; H. W. Hoskins, Fairfield, Secretary and Treasurer;
Francis D. Martin, Ridgefield ; Conrad W. Kasack, New Haven ; Joseph
A. Mayer, Bridgeport.
The commission has administered the optical laws of Connecticut, in
accordance with Chapter 217 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949.
Continued education of the purposes of the law and the advantages to the
public health and safety have been stressed by the commission in the fulfill-
ment of its duties. In its administration, the commission has carried on
effectively and efficiently, and has attempted to treat applicant, permittee,
licensee or violator with equality and justice. The employment of a full-
time inspector has assisted the commission in its enforcement program.
Several other legislative bodies in the United States have called upon
the commission for assistance, using our Connecticut law as a model. Such
legislation has been adopted in several states.
202
COMMISSION OF OPTICIANS 203
STATEMENT
July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951
RECEIPTS
Cash Balance July 1, 1950
$5,603.06
Permits
6,766.00
Licenses (renewals)
4,760.00
Licenses (new applications)
330.00
Miscellaneous
703.00
$18,162.06
DISBURSEMENTS
Acct. 5.45
First Quarter
$2,770.84
Second Quarter
3,319.41
Third Quarter
2,791.98
Fourth Quarter
3,115.93
11,998.16
$ 6,163.90
PHARMACY COMMISSION
«w^«»— miTiT-ii' i ilirift^Wgl
Established — June 1, 1881
Statutory authority — General Statutes, Chapter
215, 1949 Revision.
Administrative head — Felix Blanc, Director
Central office — Room 418, State Capitol ; Telephone
7-6341, Ext. 443
Average number of full-time employees — 6
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
The commission's income is derived from license
fees. Amount received from this source $46,-
175.00. Legislative appropriation out of above
receipts, $34,708.00.
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $38,569.92
There are five commissioners, each serving a five-year term. Annually,
on or before June first, the Governor may appoint one commissioner from
a list of six eligible persons whose names are submitted by the Connecticut
Pharmaceutical association.
Members of the commission for the year 1950-1951, their place of
residence and the year in which their respective terms end, were : John
DeNicola, Hamden (chairman), 1952; William Harris, Hartford, 1953;
Raymond T. McMullen, Moodus, 1954; William Dunphy, Waterbury,
1955; Frank C. Gross, Glenbrook, 1956.
The Pharmacy Commission makes, supervises and enforces laws, rules
and regulations for the general practice of the profession of pharmacy,
which encompasses the compounding, dispensing and sale of all medicines
and poisons, and for the retail drug business. The primary purpose of
this agency is to protect life, and to promote public health and safety.
Among its broad responsibilities are the licensing of all pharmacies, all
pharmacists, assistant pharmacists, and the registration of apprentices.
204
PHARMACY COMMISSION 205
During the fiscal year this agency renewed 2982 patent medicine store
permits, issued 858 registered pharmacy licenses, 2338 registered pharma-
cist licenses, 249 assistant pharmacist licenses, 225 relief work licenses, 84
apprentice licenses, 15 reciprocal exchanges, 11 reciprocal certifications,
13 duplicate licenses, 2 lapsed registered pharmacists' licenses, and 70
pharmacy transfers. It holds examinations twice a year for those desiring
licenses to practice the profession of pharmacy in Connecticut. There are
two days of written examinations at the State Capitol and one day of
practical or oral examinations by the Commission. The latter are carried
on in the laboratories at the University of Connecticut, College of Phar-
macy, at Storrs.
The Commission held eighteen meetings ; revoked one registered
pharmacist's license ; gave eight warnings to pharmacists ; reinstated one
registered pharmacist; and issued registered pharmacists' certificates to
ninety candidates. The inspection department inspected and reinspected
1717 pharmacy premises; inspected 47 new pharmacies; inspected 852
patent medicine premises ; held 203 special investigations ; attended 33 com-
mission hearings concerning inspections and made 150 inspection trips
accompanied by the director or a commissioner.
In conjunction with the never-ending campaign to safeguard public
health and prevent practices and conditions which might lower the stand-
ards in our state, the commission has regularly conducted investigations
and sponsored educational and procedural programs for establishments
and for management which come under its jurisdiction.
BOARD OF REGISTRATION FOR PROFESSIONAL
ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS
Established— 1935
Statutory authority — Chapter 225, Revision 1949
and 1951 Supplement
Administrative head—W. K. Simpson, Secretary
Central office — 30 Oak Street, Hartford 6; Tele-
phone 7-6341, Ext. 2468
Mr Average number of full-time employees — None;
Two part-time
BOARD MEMBERS
Term
Years
Expires
Office
Francis L. Castleman, Jr.
4
1952
Chairman
William K. Simpson
16
1953
Secretary
Newman E. Argraves
2
1954
Russel G. Warner
6y2
1955
I. Laird Newell
—
1956
TRANSACTIONS
Written examinations were given to 116 applicants, with following
results ; special interim examinations were given 4 other applicants.
No.
Passed
Branch
Candidates
Passed
Engng. Fund
Failed
Chemical
3
1
—
2
Civil
15
12
—
3
Electrical
11
5
1
5
Heat. & vent.
10
3
1
6
Industrial
2
2
—
—
Mechanical
32
18
3
11
206
BOARD OF ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS 207
Branch
Metallurgical
Car
No.
ididates
1
Passed
Passed
Engng. Fund
Failed
1
Sanitary
Structural
Mech.-Weldir
ig
2
9
1
2
9
1
—
—
86 S3 (61.6%) S (5.8%) 28 (32.6%)
Land Surveying 30 16 (53.3%) 14 (46.7%)
Total 116 69 (59.5%) 5 (4.3%) 42 (36.2%)
Five Year Average 424(total) 61.3% 8.8% 29.9%
In preparation for our examinations, refresher courses in engineering
fundamentals have been given at Trinity College, New Haven Junior
College and Bridgeport Engineering institute. From grades received by
those taking these courses, it appears that they are helpful in reviewing
basic engineering subjects.
APPLICATIONS
Action taken on applications during the past year and the cumulative
totals since law was enacted are as follows :
APPLICATIONS
Pending June 30, 1950
Received during year
Total received
Approved
Rejected
Withdrawn or applicant deceased
1950-
51
193
113
186
299
149
3143
44
543
4
115
197 3801
Pending June 30, 1950 102 299 102 3903
124
11
10
145
485
3132
;d
2
487
1903
205
537
CERTIFICATES ISSUED
Professional engineer
Land surveyor
Professional engineer and land surveyor
Registrants deceased or certificates expired
Certificates revoked 2 487 2645
Active Certificates
Professional engineers
Land surveyors
Professional engineers and land surveyors 537 2645
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES
Receipts decreased 1.3% under the preceding year, while expenditures
increased 3.1%.
Expenditures for the year were $873.49 or 9% less than the budget
allotment. They exceeded receipts by $1,449.01, which amount was made
available from the Professional Engineers' fund, established under Sec.
4622, Chap. 225, General Statutes, Revision of 1949, and specifically desig-
nated for use of the board.
208 BOARD OF ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS
A condensed statement of annual receipts and expenditures for the
past three years follows :
Balance July 1st
Application fees
Renewals
1950-51
$16,207.84
2,160.00
5,254.50
$ 7,414.50 n
1949-50
$18,161.04
2,440.00
5,061.50
1948-49
$19,363.71
1,935.00
5,202.00
Total Receipts
$ 7,501.50
$ 7,137.00
Personal services
Contractual services
Supplies, materials
Equipment
$ 6,105.00
1,859.43
899.08
$ 5,425.28
2,252.03
710.19
206.70
$ 4,734.84
2,219.13
868.65
517.05
Total Expenditures
Transfers from fund
$ 8,863.51
$ 275.00
$ 8,594.20
860.50*
$ 8,339.67
Balance June 30th $14,489.73 $16,207.84 $18,161.04
(*Paid to the Secretary of The State, Sec. 186, General Statutes, Revision of 1949,
and adjustment of item from previous year.)
The cost of administration for the past year was $3.21, compared with
an average of $3.25 for the 1948-50 biennium.
ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLAINTS
The results of board activity in connection with improper listings under
engineering headings in the classified telephone directories is indicated by
the fact that during the past year only 11 improper listings construed as
an "offer to practice" or use of the title "Engineer" were found. All have
been corrected.
OTHER ACTIVITIES
The Board continues its membership in the National Council of State
Boards of Engineering Examiners, which is comprised of the Registration
Boards of the forty-eight states, the District of Columbia, and three terri-
tories. Mr. Warner is now President of the Council, the second time a
board member has held this office since 1938. Mr. Simpson has served
for the second consecutive year as member of committee on National Bureau
of Engineering Registration.
Meetings with the Connecticut Technical Council have continued the
pleasant and satisfactory liaison the board has maintained with the engineers
of the State.
REVISIONS OF REGISTRATION STATUTE
The 1951 revision of the registration statute (Chapter 225, Revision
of 1949 and 1951 Supplement), which requires the successful passing of a
written examination by all classes of applicants, with one exception, will
bring our requirements for registration on a par with those of 17 other
BOARD OF ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS 209
states which have similar requirements. Our registrants meeting the new
requirement should find no difficulty in registering in any other state under
its reciprocity clause.
Certification as engineers-in-training, those who have passed the ex-
amination in engineering fundamentals, will permit these young engineers
to acquire the additional experience and more mature judgment necessary
to successfully pass the professional examination.
Waiving of the renewal of certificates of registration and payment of
annual fees by registrants in service with the Armed Forces will relieve
them of this routine detail.
These revisions, together with other incidental modifications, will place
the Connecticut statute on a par with states having the highest standards.
STATE BOARD OF HEALING ARTS
Established— July 1, 1925
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 4351-4356
Administrative head — Seymour St. John, Chair-
man
Deputy administrator — Miss Mary G. Reynolds,
Executive Assistant
Central Office — 110 Whitney Avenue, New Haven;
telephone 5-9065
Average number full time employees — 1
The members of the board are : Rev. Seymour St. John, Wallingford,
Chairman ; G. Edward Byers, Canaan ; Herbert S. Harned, New Haven.
As has been stated in previous reports, following a Grand Jury inves-
tigation of "diploma mill" activities in Connecticut, the 1925 Legislature
established this Board as a preliminary screening board to pass upon the
qualifications of applicants to the boards which examine for license to prac-
tice the healing arts — medicine, osteopathy, chiropractic and naturopathy.
The law under which the board functions is designed for the protection
of the citizens of the state, and requires each applicant for healing arts
license prerequisitely to be certified by this board, after satisfying the board
that he has met the requirements of the law as to professional training
and as to his knowledge of anatomy, physiology, hygiene, pathology and
diagnosis. Through the activities of the board the quality of applicants
taking the licensure examinations has improved; and the existence of the
Board discourages poorly qualified persons from seeking Connecticut
licenses. The Board is also required to act as a grievance committee to
hear complaints against persons practicing any of the healing arts.
Experts in the board's examination subjects are employed three times
a year to prepare and grade examinations. Examinations are held at New
210
BOARD OF HEALING ARTS 211
Haven, on the second Saturday of February, of June and of October. Ex-
penses are paid through appropriation from the general fund, and receipts
(application fees) are deposited with the State Treasurer for the general
fund.
During the fiscal year 1950-51 the Board considered the applications
of one hundred forty-seven (147) persons, of whom one hundred eighteen
(118) were certified and twenty-nine (29) were not certified. Candidates
included, as usual, a number of graduates of schools located in countries
outside of the United States — Austria, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Great
Britain, Hungary, Italy and Switzerland. The Board did not receive any
grievance committee complaints during the year.
The net cost of operation of the Board for the year was $5,623.77,
total operating expenditures having been $7,163.77, and the total of re-
ceipts from application fees, $1,540.00. There was no capital outlay.
DENTAL COMMISSION
Established— IS93
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 214, Sections 4439 to 4462
Administrative head — Dr. Clarence G. Brooks,
Recorder
Central office — 302 State street, New London ; tele-
phone 5658
Average number of full-time employees — 1
Organisation structure — Five Dental Commission-
ers as follows : Dr. Joseph A. Bray, West Hart-
ford, President ; Dr. Clarence G. Brooks, New
London, Recorder ; Dr. Wilson R. Conran,
Hartford ; Dr. Lewis Fox, South Norwalk ; Dr.
Clifford J. Buckley, Bridgeport.
— i — — a—
aniinim-iWTriiTn
The purpose of the Dental Commission is to hold examinations for the
licensing of Dentists and Dental Hygienists to practice in the State of
Connecticut. If they are successful in these examinations, they are issued a
state license by the Dental Commission.
The following numbers of dentists and dental hygienists have been
licensed by the Commission during the year beginning July 1, 1950 through
June 30, 1951:
DENTISTS — 102
HYGIENISTS — 24
The Commission issues registration certificates to dentists and dental
hygienists each year upon the payment of the required two dollar registra-
tion fee.
The Commission has the power to call any dentist before it for a hear-
ing upon receipt of a written complaint accusing him of some unethical act.
The property owned and maintained by the Dental Commission for
use in the conducting of State Board examinations is located in the State
Office Building in Hartford.
212
DENTAL COMMISSION 213
FINANCIAL REPORT
All moneys received by the Dental Commission are deposited in the
New London City National Bank to the credit of the State Treasurer, and
receipts are received from the Treasurer covering each deposit. All expenses
of the Commission are paid by the state.
Following are the total expenditures and receipts of the Dental Com-
mission for the 1950-1951 fiscal year:
A. EXPENDITURES: 1950-1951
Total Recurring Operating Expenditures $10,282.71
Total Capital Outlay 12.50
Total Expenditures for Year $10,295.21
B. RECEIPTS :
Examination and Registration Fees $9,460.33
The above amount has been sent to the Treasurer and receipts for same
received from him.
The books and accounts of the Dental Commission are thoroughly in-
spected and audited by the state auditors annually.
STATE BOARD OF ACCOUNTANCY
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ganeaBwapawBBaesgsBBea— eawg
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Established— 1907
Statutory) authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 4609 to 4614
Administrative head — John C. McNab, Secretary
Central office — 216 Crown Street, New Haven
(office of the Secretary)
Number of full-time employees — None
The members and officers of the Board as constituted on June 30, 1951,
were as follows : Richard J. Barry, president ; Daniel G. Weinstein, treas-
urer; John C. McNab, secretary.
The Board held twelve formal meetings during the year at which all
members were present. There were also numerous investigations made. In
addition the board members conducted two series of examinations, one on
November 8, 9 and 10, 1950, and the other on May 16, 17 and 18, 1951. In
these examinations there were twenty-nine successful candidates and forty-
two who received conditional credits towards the certificate. Certificates
were engrossed and delivered to the successful candidates.
During the year seven C.P.A. certificates of Connecticut were granted
on a reciprocal basis.
At the various meetings of the board consideration was given to re-
quests for information and also to complaints received regarding illegal
practices. Certificates were not withdrawn from Connecticut C.P.A.'s
during the year.
The receipts of the Board from candidates for the examinations and
fees for reciprocal certificates aggregated $4,229.50 and the expenditures
for operating items were $3,397.58.
214
BOARD OF CHIROPRACTIC EXAMINERS
Established— 1917
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 4378 to 4387
Administrative head — Jacob A. Fischman, D.C.,
Ph.C, Secretary-Treasurer
Central office — 323 Orchard Street, New Haven;
Telephone 5-4602
The Board of Chiropractic Examiners are comprised of three mem-
bers, serving three-year terms, and are appointed by the Governor each
year. Present members and the expiration dates of their terms of office are :
Jacob A. Fischman, D.C., New Haven, secretary-treasurer, July 1, 1952.
William H. Cody, D.C., East Hartford, president, July 1, 1953.
Justin M. Barber, D.C., Norwich, vice president, July 1, 1954.
The major powers of this Board originate in Chapter 209 of the
General Statutes of Connecticut, as amended up to and including the
Public Acts of 1949. The functions of the Board are:
1. To approve Chiropractic Colleges, graduates from which are eligible for
license to practice Chiropractic in Connecticut.
2. To examine and pass upon qualifications of graduates in Chiropractic
seeking the licensure to practice in Connecticut.
3. To certify to the State Department of Health candidates found qualified.
(Licenses are issued by the State Board of Health.)
4. To pass upon credentials of those seeking licensure on endorsement of
license to practice Chiropractic issued in other states.
5. To hear charges of unprofessional conduct and criminal action against
Chiropractors licensed in Connecticut and to render decisions thereon.
215
216 BOARD OF CHIROPRACTIC EXAMINERS
The agency derives its only revenue from examinations and renewal
license fees. During the year ended June 30, 1951, certificates were issued
to ten persons, and one certificate of approval from New Hampshire.
The gross income of this Agency amounted to $930.00 which was
derived entirely from fees as follows :
1. Renewal License fees $ 620.00
2. Collected back renewals 10.00
3. Examinations 300.00
The total balance on July 1, 1950
Collections for the year 1951 were
Debit from the Treas.
Total
Total Receipts 1950-1951
Disbursements 1951
Balance June 30, 1951 $ 1,546.12 $ 1,546.12
$ 930.00
$ 930.00
4.90
$ 930.00
1,566.70
$ 925.10
925.10
$ 2,491.80
945.68
$ 2,491.80
'
BOARD OF EXAMINERS OF EMBALMERS
MBW—MI i n i ill > m 111 i
I——
Established — 1903
Statutory authority— Chapter 218a, 1951 Cumulative
Supplement
Administrative head — William P. Quish, Sec-
retary
Central office — 225 Main Street, Manchester; tele-
phone 4340
Average number oj full-time employees — None
The members of the board are : Edward D. Bergin, Waterbury, Presi-
dent ; William P. Quish, Manchester, Secretary ; Edward P. Neilan, New
London ; James J. Smith, Hartford ; William C. Celentano, New Haven.
During the year 1950-51 16 business meetings were held and 8 addi-
tional days were devoted to examinations. 55 examinations were given to
applicants desirous of registering as student embalmers, 46 were given
final examinations, and of this number, 40 were issued licenses to practice
in this state. Eight licenses to practice funeral directing were issued during
the year to successful applicants, and 18 student embalmers and 10 student
funeral directors registered to become eligible for a license at a future date.
All funeral homes in the state were inspected and with very few ex-
ceptions were found to be in excellent condition.
The revenue of this Board is derived from registration, inspection and
examination fees. We have always been a self sustaining board, and during
the current fiscal year the receipts over disbursements were $1,504.84.
217
218 BOARD OF EXAMINERS OF EMBALMERS
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
Receipts : Registration Fees $4,068.00
Inspection Fees 3,075.00
Examination Fees 400.00 $7,543.00
Disbursements :
Personal Services 4,040.00
Contractual Services 1,416.89
Supplies and Material 308.43 6,038.16
Balance $1,504.84
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL EXAMINING BOARD
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Established— 1893
/ Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
, sion, Section 2365
/ Administrative head — William P. Lang, M.D.,
l President
O^N^^P* Deputy administrator — Donald A. Davis, M.D.,
Secretary
Central office — 38 Elizabeth Street, Derby; Tele-
phone— Ansonia-Derby 4-0681
Average number full-time employees — None
M'B.W«U<W.UJW
The members of the board are : William P. Lang, M.D., North Haven,
President ; Donald A. Davis, M.D., Derby, Secretary ; C. Seaver Smith,
M.D., New Haven; Charles H. Hodgkins, M.D., New Haven; Raoul
A. Y. Siliciano, M.D., Bristol.
The Connecticut Homeopathic Medical Examining Board held its
meetings in July and November and licenses by reciprocity were recom-
mended for two applicants.
These were the only applicants applying for licensure during the
period covered by this report.
This board is a special fund operation. Its income is derived from
fees paid by applicants for licensure. It has no other source of income and
its budget and expenditure remain within this income.
219
MEDICAL EXAMINING BOARD
Established — January 1, 1893
«« Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 4363 to 4368
Administrative head — Creighton Barker, M.D.,
Secretary
Deputy administrator — John D. Booth, M.D.,
President
Central office — 160 St. Ronan Street, New Haven ;
Telephone, 5-0836
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 — Legis-
lative appropriation, $7,784.00. Total Receipts
$8,975.00.
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951— 'Recurring op-
erating expenditures, $8,432.73.
The Connecticut Medical Examining Board consists of five members
appointed by the Governor after nomination by the Connecticut State
Medical Society for a term of five years. There has been no change in the
personnel of the Board for the fiscal year just past. The appointment of
Carl E. Johnson, M.D., New Haven, expired on December 31, 1950. He
was reappointed by the Governor.
The present members of -the Board and the expiration dates of their
terms of appointment are: John D. Booth, M.D., president, Danbury,
January 1, 1955; Wilmot C. Townsend, M.D., Hartford, January 1, 1952;
Louis P. Hastings, M.D., Hartford, January 1, 1953; John H. Bumstead,
M.D., New Haven, January 1, 1954; Carl E. Johnson, M.D., New Haven,
January 1, 1956. Creighton Barker, M.D., is Secretary to the Board and
Mrs. Pauline C. Russell is its clerk. The office of the Board is located at
160 St. Ronan Street, New Haven.
During the fiscal year 1950-1951 two hundred and six doctors of
medicine received credentials from the Board entitling them to licensure
to practice medicine and surgery in Connecticut. Twenty-eight physicians
took and passed the written examinations, eighty-five presented certificates
220
MEDICAL EXAMINING BOARD 221
issued by the National Board of Medical Examiners and ninety-three
presented licenses issued by other states.
There were six regular meetings and three special meetings of the
Board. The Board operates with no expense to the State of Connecticut
and obtains its finances entirely by fees received from candidates.
BOARD OF NATUREOPATHIC EXAMINERS
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Established— 1923
Statutory authority — Chapter 210
Administrative head — George C. Fitch, Secretary-
Treasurer
Deputy administrator — James C. Welser, Pres-
ident
Central office — Box 158, New Milford; Telephone
733M
Average number of full-time employees — None
The Board is composed of the following members appointed by the
Governor : James C. Welser, East Hartford, President. Term ending June
1952 ; Matthew J. Colney, Waterbury, Vice-President. Term ending June
1954. George C. Fitch, New Milford, Secretary-Treasurer. Term ending
[une 1953.
One Naturopathic Physician licensed by examination.
Three meetings were held during the year.
Eighty licensed to practice in Connecticut.
Five are on retired list.
The Board operates without expense to the state, receiving its funds
from examination and registration fees.
222
BOARD OF EXAMINERS IN OPTOMETRY
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Established— 1913
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 216, Sections 4488 through 4499
Administrative head — Dr. Edward C. Wheeler,
Secretary-Treasurer
[
Central office— 750 Alain Street, Hartford; Tele-
phone 5-8090
Average number of full-time employees — None
The Board of Examiners in Optometry was established in 1913 under
Chapter 216 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949, which also defines
the qualifications required for the practice of optometry in Connecticut.
The present members of the Board are : Dr. Douglas A. Milward,
Greenwich; Dr. Edward C. Wheeler, Hartford; Dr. Russell W. Johnson,
Stratford; Dr. Eugene M. Davis, Manchester; Dr. John N. Eggleston,
Milford.
Income for the past fiscal year amounted to $2,659, while the amount
expended was $1,213.94.
Twenty-two applicants were licensed during the fiscal year.
223
BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR NURSING
MOM
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Established— 1905
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 4423 to 4438
Administrative head — Miss Agnes Ohlson, Chief
Nursing Examiner
Central office — State Office Building Annex, Room
15; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 630
Average number of full-time employees — 4
Funds for operation of fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Fees, $18,710.25; Reserve fund, $5,826.14
Expenditures for the fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $18,198.19
Recruitment to our schools of nursing has not kept pace with the
increasing need for nursing service. Many factors are involved in this
complex problem. Furthermore, the dilemma in Connecticut is consistent
with that of other states. Having an adequate number of prepared personnel
to meet at least minimum health needs is a reasonable objective. Seeing that
this objective is realized is a responsibility of the citizens which requires
careful study of both needs and resources. Nurses have continued to stress
the need for such citizen participation and planning. To date, no overall
plan has materialized and the gap between available nurse personnel and
current nurse needs continues to become greater. For this reason, nurses
requested scholarship help as one means of accelerating recruitment to our
schools of nursing. We feel sure that the $140,000 allocated by the 1951
legislature for this purpose will be a very positive step in this direction.
Future funds for the same purpose, as well as an overall study of a total
situation, must be considered, however, if we are to meet at least minimum
civilian and military health needs in this state.
MEMBERS OF THE BOARD
Members of the Board as of June 30, 1951, are: Sister M. Mechtilde
Carty, Hartford, president; Miss Lillian Reilly, New Haven, secretary;
224
BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR NURSING 225
Miss Helen Marchant, Milford ; Miss Eleanor King, New Haven, and
Miss Josephine Dolan, Storrs.
During this fiscal year, the Board has held nine meetings, five regular
examinations for graduate nurses, and three regular examinations for
trained attendants. Certificates of registration have been issued to 576
graduate nurses following examinations ; to 475 graduate nurses meeting
requirements for registration without examinations; to 150 trained at-
tendants following examinations ; and to 6 trained attendants meeting re-
quirements without examinations. The Board has approved 17 hospital
schools of nursing, four college schools of nursing, and five units of the
state program for trained attendant preparation. Enrollment in these schools
as of June 30, 1951, includes 2,182 student nurses and 116 student trained
attendants.
Income from registration fees for the fiscal year .... $18,710.25
Balance on hand as of July 1, 1950 5,826.14
Total $24,536.39
Expenditures 18,198.19
Balance on hand as of July 1, 1951 $6,338.20
BOARD OF EXAMINERS OF PSYCHOLOGISTS
Established— 1947
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 4632 to 4638
Administrative head — Dr. Walter A. Miles,
Chairman
Deputy administrator — Dr. Marion A. Bills,
Secretary
Central office — Aetna Life Insurance Company,
151 Farmington Avenue; Telephone 2-9141,
Ext. 627
Average number of full-time employees— -None
The present members of the board are : Dr. Walter Miles, Chairman ;
Dr. Marion A. Bills, Secretary ; Dr. Weston A. Bousfield.
One meeting of the board has been held within the fiscal year. The
meeting was held in Hartford and was attended by all three members of
the board. Minutes of all the meetings have been kept and are on file in
the office of the secretary and may be inspected by any qualified individual.
The board has within the year certified six persons. For each of
these there was a full and complete application and the fee of $15.00 was
paid. The persons applying were over 21 years of age, of good moral
character, and citizens of the United States. Besides having the proper
doctor's degree in psychology, all had more than one year's experience
of a type satisfactory to the board in the practice of psychology.
One case for certification is pending, the papers not yet having been
completed. For this person the $15.00 fee is on deposit with the State.
In summary, this report of the Board of Examiners of Psychologists
indicates that the board has experienced no difficulties in operating under
the provisions of the statues ; that it has formulated certain policies which
appear appropriate and in line with the spirit- of he Act and feasible of
application ; that it has certified six psychologists during the year, and
has noted the development of a nationwide interest in the licensing of
psychologists.
226
OSTEOPATHIC EXAMINING BOARD
- Established— 1900
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 4369 to 4377
Administrative head — Dr. Robert G. Niciioll,
President
Deputy administrator — -Dr. H. Wesley Gorham,
Secretary
Secretary's office— 520 West Avenue, Norwalk
Average number of full-time employees — None
This board administers the law in Connecticut concerning- licensure
and the practice of osteopathic physicians and surgeons.
Members of the board, their offices, and expiration dates of their
terms are :
Dr. Robert G. Nicholl, Greenwich, president, 1956; Dr. H. Wesley
Gorham, Norwalk, secretary; Dr. Foster Clark, Torrington, treasurer,
1954; Dr. Frank Poglitsch, New Britain, 1952; Dr. Nestor M. Hotchkiss,
Norwalk, 1955.
The board has no full-time employees. The secretary handles all busi-
ness of the board. He keeps a complete set of minutes of all board meet-
ings and the board's official records are on file and open for inspection by
state officials at any time.
The statute provides a fee of $100.00 annually for the secretary. It does
not cover the actual expenses of the office. The balance is paid personally by
the secretary and is considered by all secretaries of this board as uncompen-
sated service to the state. Board members are allowed $10.00 a day and
incidental travel expense for each day they attend a board meeting.
227
EXAMINERS FOR
PHYSIOTHERAPY TECHNICIANS
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Established— July 1941
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 4398 to 4409
Administrative head— Dr. Nila K. Covalt, Sec-
retary-Treasurer
Deputy administrator — Dr. H. Bruno Arnold,
President
Veterans' Home and Hospital,
Average number of full-time employees — None
Central office
Rocky Hill
The Board of Examiners for Physiotherapy Technicians is composed
of five doctors of medicine who are appointed by the Governor. The present
members are: Dr. H. Bruno Arnold, New Haven, President; Dr. Nila Co-
valt, Rocky Hill, Secretary-Treasurer; Dr. George C. Fox, Meriden; Dr.
Denis S. O'Connor, New Haven ; Dr. John C. Allen, Hartford.
Persons who have successfully completed a course in physical therapy
at an approved school may apply for certification by examination. The ex-
aminations are held twice yearly, on the third Wednesday of June and
November. The Board also compiles a list of physical therapy schools
which in their opinion maintain adequate educational standards.
The income of the Board is derived entirely from registration fees, in
the amount of ten dollars from each applicant. The total income for the
year 1950-51 was $300.00.
Expenditures for the year 1950-51 were $629.89, covering recurrent
expenses in connection with the semiannual examinations, and the oper-
ating expenses of the Board including printing, legal notices, stamps and
the salary of the executive secretary.
228
EXAMINERS FOR PHYSIOTHERAPY TECHNICIANS 229
During the past year three additional Board meetings and additional
committee meetings were held. A considerable amount of research was done
and meetings were held with representatives of the Psysical Therapy Asso-
ciation of Conn, and the Occupational Therapy Association of Conn., as
well as the Hospital Association and interested executives.
TREE PROTECTION EXAMINING BOARD
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Established— July 1, 1919
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 3500, 3502
Administrative head — 'Roger B. Friend, Chairman
Deputy administrator — Howard A. Rollins, Vice-
Chair man
Central office — Conn. Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven; Tele-
phone 5-4173
Average number of full-time employees — None
The present members of the board are : Roger B. Friend, entomologist,
chairman ; Albert E. Dimond, pathologist and botanist ; Henry W. Hicock,
forester, secretary-treasurer, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station,
ex-officio ; Howard A. Rollins and Theodore Janosko, appointed by the
Governor, for two years ending June 30, 1953.
The Tree Protection Examining Board was established to protect the
public by examining and granting licenses only to such persons as are
qualified to do a creditable job on the improvement and care of trees.
During the fiscal year, 6 new licenses were issued and 296 renewed.
Eight were cancelled for non-payment of renewal fees.
The financial affairs of the board are handled by the business office of
the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station which is reimbursed by
monies allocated to the board for personal services.
Since the establishment of the board in 1919, its expenses have been
defrayed entirely from license and renewal fees. During the 32 years end-
ing June 30, 1951, 655 licenses have been issued. Of these, 291 are cur-
rently in good standing.
230
BOARD OF VETERINARY REGISTRATION
AND EXAMINATION
SBftaea
Established— 1905
-, Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 4599 to 4608
Administrative head — Richard T. Gilyard, D.V.M.,
President
Deputy administrator — G. Leroy Cheney, V.S.,
Secretary-Treasurer
Central office — State Office Building, Room 202;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 401
Average number of full-time employees — None
During the fiscal year the following served as members of the board :
Dr. Richard T. Gilyard, president; Dr. G. Leroy Cheney, secretary-
treasurer ; Dr. C. P. Hines ; Dr. Jean V. Smith ; Dr. W. F. Vail.
Twenty-nine candidates were examined, 18 of whom attained a passing
grade.
As of June 30, 1951, there were 178 veterinarians registered in the
state.
231
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
Established— July 1, 1947
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapters 137-141, 144, 147-151 inclusive and
168, Sections 7374-7378
Administrative head — John Christensen, Com-
missioner
Deputy administrator — Frank H. Peet, Deputy
Commissioner
Central office — State Office Building; Telephone
7-6341, Ext. 408
Average number of full-time employees — 89
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative adjusted appropriation, $592,922
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951—
Recurring operating expenditures, $559,347
Capital outlay, $17,889
Organization structure — There are livestock, dairy
and marketing divisions and three major projects
involving Soil Conservation, Institutional Farms
and Youth Farm Labor
MAJOR SERVICES RENDERED
1. Livestock Disease Control — Eradication and control of all live-
stock diseases, clog control, slaughterhouse and meat inspection.
2. Dairy Sanitation — Maintain high sanitary standards for the produc-
tion, processing and distribution of all fluid milk and cream consumed in
the State.
3. Marketing — Supervise the grading, packaging and labeling of all
fruits and vegetables, poultry and eggs sold under established grades or
standards. Furnish official grade certification service as requested.
4. Bulletins — Publish thrice weekly the Connecticut Market Bulletin
giving price information on principal commodities in farmers' markets of
six leading cities. Other bulletins pertaining to grades, crop estimates and
law enforcement activities published as required.
5. Seeds — Enforce the seed law ; establish and regulate grades for lawn
seed mixtures.
6. Youth Farm Labor — Enforce the law designed to protect the health
and welfare of boys and girls working on farms.
232
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS 233
7. Soil Conservation — Administer the law coordinating all interests
involved in soil conservation work and supervise programs in seven con-
servation districts.
8. Institutional Farms — Coordinate the activities of the State's twelve
institutional farms to bring about the greatest return on the investment
consistent with therapeutic benefits.
9. Certification — Sample and test twice monthly the milk of Connecti-
cut producers for the Milk Administrator ; certify grades of fruits and vege-
tables and eggs under Federal-State shipping point inspection service ; cer-
tify grades of poultry, eggs, butter, cheese, fruits and vegetables for the
Veterans' Hospital and State institutions upon request; certify grades of
vegetables at State prison cannery ; issue charts certifying the health status
of various livestock.
10. Promotion — Financial help to fairs and agricultural organizations ;
general promotion of and better public knowledge of Connecticut agriculture
through exhibits, radio, press, conferences, commodity tours and correspond-
ence.
11. Civil Defense — Cooperate wholeheartedly with the Civil Defense
Program. The Commissioner has been appointed Chairman of the State
Garden and Home Food Preservation Committee and division heads have
been assigned on committees where the experience and facilities can be most
valuable to the cause.
12. Further Facts — By request operational procedures and details of
activities have been omitted from this report. However, those interested
may secure further information on how the department operates for the
mutual benefit of producers and consumers by writing the Commissioner.
13. Coordination — The ex-ofhcio membership of the commissioner on
the Board of Control of the Experiment Station, the trustees of the
University of Connecticut, Milk Regulation Board, and Regional Market-
ing Authority helps to coordinate the State's activities and interests in
agriculture.
14. Cost — The above and many other services are rendered to all the
people of Connecticut for an annual per capita cost equivalent to approxi-
mately one quart of milk.
CASH FARM INCOME
Connecticut farmers received $10,000,000 less from the sale of their
products in 1950 than they did in 1949. The income from tobacco dropped
over $6,000,000 while the income from dairy products was reduced by over
$4,000,000. Chickens including broilers was the only major item to show
an increase over the 1949 income.
The first five months of 1951 indicate that farm income will be some-
what higher. Receipts from the sale of livestock and livestock products
increased nearly $10,000,000 over income for the same period in 1950 and
crops by over $3,000,000 for the same time.
234 DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
♦CASH RECEIPTS FROM FARM MARKETINGS, BY
COMMODITIES, BY CALENDAR YEARS FOR
CONNECTICUT 1945-1950
Commodity Crops
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
(thousand dollars)
Field Crops :
Tobacco
21,048
26,452
31,049
32,416
31,979
25,446
Potatoes
6,012
5,161
5,298
6,341
4,716
4,038
Hay
877
732
1,101
1,254
1,088
1,284
Truck Crops
5,046
6,047
5,870
6,105
3,495
2,985
Other1
16
16
24
22
12
11
Fruits :
Apples
2,994
3,163
3,018
2,656
2,879
3,229
Other2
1,003
1,062
931
990
933
960
Other Products :
Forest, Greenhouse
! &
Nursery
6,527
43,523
8,679
10,485
57,776
10,463
9,752
10,879
Total Crops
51,312
60,247
54,854
48,832
Livestock and Livestock
Products :
Dairy Products
28,048
33,712
39,706
41,856
42,550
38,012
Eggs
20,282
20,952
26,644
25,812
24,632
23,128
Chickens (including
broilers)
18,897
14,639
15,674
21,064
19,659
21,280
Cattle and Calves
4,871
5,530
6,736
8,914
7,562
8,202
Hogs
1,592
1,668
2,040
1,920
2,043
1,632
Turkeys
Other*
1,433
1,835
1,351
1,535
1,511
1,536
455
498
556
735
798
750
Total Livestock and
Livestock Products
75,578
78,834
92,707
101,836
98,755
. 94,540
Total Crops and Livestock
119,101
130,146
150,483
162,083
153,609
143,372
Government Payments
4,557
123,658
3,977
134,123
650
531
393
515
Grand Total
151,133
162,614
154,002
143,887
1 Includes corn, oats.
2 Includes cherries, grapes, peaches, pears, plums, berries.
3 Includes sheep and lambs, other poultry, wool, horses, honey, beeswax.
* Cash receipts represent income from sale of farm products and should not be
confused with net income figures.
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS 235
RECEIPTS, 1950-1951
By Divisions
Dairy Division
Milk Samples $ 23,913.75
Out-of-state dairy inspection 820.28
Sale of butterfat pads 36.00
Licenses to weigh, sample and test milk 485.00
Duplicate certificates 3.50
$ 25,258.53
Livestock Division
Salvage — T. B. reactors
30,693.18
Salvage — Bang's reactors
7,295.90
Sale of dog tags
7,541.75
Pullorum test fees
166.40
Slaughterhouse licenses — general
490.00
Slaughterhouse licenses — poultry
1,275.00
Meat inspectors licenses
57.00
Stallion licenses
22.00
Pet shop licenses
139.00
$ 47,680.23
Marketing Division
Market Bulletin advertisements
5,276.21
Market Bulletin subscriptions
7,117.75
Federal-State inspectors — potatoes and eggs
27,677.62
Poultry dealers' licenses
912.00
State Prison cannery inspection
333.46
$ 41,317.04
Miscellaneous
Soil Conservation Revolving fund
5,022.45
Telephone and telegrams
83.64
Witness fees
1.20
Sale of automobiles
1,252.50
Sale of 2 thermometers
4.00
$ ' 6,363.79
Grand Total $120,619.59
236
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
PREMUMS PAID BY FAIR ASSOCIATIONS
AND 1950 DISTRIBUTION OF STATE APPROPRIATION
Name of Fair
Bloomfield 4-H Fair Association
Berlin Fair
Bethlehem Fair Society, Inc.
Bolton Grange #47
Chester Agricultural & Mechanical
Society
Connecticut Pomological Society
Connecticut Sheep Breeders Assn.
Durham Agricultural Fair Assn., Inc.
Echo Grange Building Assn.
Exchange Club of Portland
Fairfield County 4-H Fair Assn., Inc.
Fairfield County Horticultural Society
Glastonbury Grange #26, P. of H.
Goshen Agricultural Society
Guilford Agricultural Society
Guilford Madison, F. F. A. Fair
Haddam Neck Fair Assn., Inc.
Hartford 4-H Fair
Harmony Grange #92
Harwinton Agricultural Society
Litchfield County 4-H Fair Assn.
Lyme Grange Fair Assn., Inc.
Marlborough Grange Fair
Meriden Grange Fair, Inc.
Middlesex County Fair
Middlesex County 4-H Fair &
Livestock Assn.
New Haven County 4-H Fair Assn.
New London County 4-H Fair Assn.
North Haven Fair Assn., Inc.
Norwich Grange Fair
Rocky Hill Grange #115, Members,
Inc.
Terryville Lions Club Country Fair
Tolland County 4-H Fair Assn., Inc.
Union Agricultural Society, Inc.
Union Agricultural Society of Somers,
Enfield, Ellington & East Windsor
Inc.
Wallingford Grange
Wapping Fair, Inc.
Washington Fair
Windham County Agricultural
Society
Windham County Farmers Assn.
Woodstock Agricultural Society
Total
*This does not include amount paid on unapproved items for which no reim-
bursement is made.
Premiums
Percentage of
State
Paid
Reimbursement R<
iimbursement
$ 232.00
.4052
$ 94.00
2,005.05
"
812.45
2,528.45
"
1,024.53
202.75
"
82.15
1,505.10
"
609.87
459.00
"
185.99
275.00
"
111.43
3,278.75
"
1,329.45
251.55
"
101.93
1,824.70
"
739.37
655.15
"
265.47
398.75
"
161.57
205.00
"
83.07
3,956.50
"
1,603.17
2,230.42
"
903.77
1,254.30
"
508.24
1,167.60
"
473.11
743.11
"
301.11
210.50
"
85.29
1,602.50
"
649.33
719.60
"
291.58
738.25
"
299.14
229.70
"
93.07
330.35
"
133.89
498.05
"
201.81
500.40
«
202.76
1,195.89
"
484.57
1,259.95
"
510.53
2,963.50
"
1,200.81
202.30
"
81.97
211.25
»
85.60
1,289.66
"
522.57
359.20
"
145.55
2,969.85
1 ,203.38
1.559.75
n
632.01
337.05
"
136.57
292.20
"
118.40
6,056.73
"
2,466.19
1,925.15
"
780.07
313.75
"
127.13
2.521.40
"
1,021.67
$51,460.16*
$20,864.57
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS 237
DAIRY DIVISION
The enforcement of the provisions of Chapter 144 of the General Sta-
tutes insures consumers of this state of an adequate supply of standard
quality milk and cream. In the enforcement of these provisions, the dairy
division renders service to the consumers by inspection of the production,
handling and distribution of all milk and cream offered for sale in this state,
regardless of where such products are produced. Milk producers and milk
dealers are required to register with this department annually in May, and
at any other time when there is a change of point of production or owner-
ship.
Milk producing farms are inspected semi-annually whether located in
this state or throughout our so-called milk shed, and the products from
these farms are sampled every three months. Milk pasteurizing plants are
inspected bi-monthly and the products of the plants are sampled quarterly.
The bureau of laboratories in the State Department of Health receives such
samples and makes the official tests. Frequent conferences between the
dairy division and the bureau of laboratories insures complete cooperation
and understanding, and from time to time completely new tests or changes
in methods of routine tests are made with complete agreement between
all parties concerned.
In our division's own laboratory at Hartford are facilities for testing
milk and cream for butterfat, bacteria and a few of the less important
tests. Butterfat testing by the Babcock Method is by far the most extensive
and totals more than 20,000 annually. Two microscopes are available and
are used in examining for bacteria, particularly on samples of milk from
producing farms. Frequently the microscopes are taken to our out-of-state
sources of fluid milk for similar control work.
Frequent changes are made in the list of approved out-of-state sources
of fluid milk and fluid cream. It is understood that when a dealer or a group
of dealers no longer require fluid milk from one or more out-of-state
sources because of decreased seasonal demands, that if they will withdraw
such source from our milk shed, we will agree to re-instate such a source
when the demand increases. This procedure saves the time and expense of
continual inspection of a source from which we are receiving no milk.
Cream sources are treated in a very similar manner.
The butterfat sampling and testing program of producer's milk at
dealers' plants, where such dealers do not hold a permit to buy milk on the
basis of weight and test, is proceeding very smoothly. However, its size
has decreased slightly each year because of the withdrawal of some dealers
or producers or both. This work for the milk administrator is required by
Sec. 3185, under which a fee of $1.25 is collectible for each sample collected
and tested. This fee was established in 1947, and because of increasing
costs, does not fully cover the expense of such sample collecting and testing.
A bill was passed in the 1951 session of the General Assembly authorizing
the Commissioner to establish a rate based on the actual cost determined
annually by the state auditors.
In the table of statistics which follow, particularly the Connecticut
Dairy Farm Statistics, it is noticeable that the number of dairy farms in
Connecticut and the number of dairy animals decreases each year, while
the volume of milk produced holds fairly constant or increases slightly.
238 DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
This shows greater efficiency on the part of the producers who continue
making milk. The volume of milk exported to Rhode Island has increased
slightly during the last few years and has now reached twelve percent. The
consumption of milk in Connecticut is something over one million quarts
per day, not including the amount consumed on farms.
The 1951 General Assembly passed several acts affecting the division,
among them :
More complete definitions of terms relating to dairy products ; broader
powers for the Commissioner in establishing rules for the production and
processing of milk ; complete permit system for imported cream ; and sev-
eral affecting the Milk Regulation board.
The dairy division personnel has taken a leading position in civil de-
fense work in the dairy industry. Starting in December, industry-wide
conferences were held, and cooperation was established with similar groups
in Massachusetts and New England, all working under direct sanction and
supervision of the State's Civil Defense Director. The chief of the dairy
division is chairman of the Connecticut Dairy Industry committee for Civil
Defense. Sub-committees on sanitation, processing and distribution, and
transporting have been active in formulating definite plans for coordina-
tion and procedure, and the program is about ready for a complete trial.
THE MILK REGULATION BOARD
Statutory Authority
Chapter 144, Sec. 3207-3210
The personnel of the Board during the fiscal period ending June 30,
1950 was as follows: Chairman John Christensen, Commissioner of Farms
and Markets ; Dr. Stanley H. Osborn, Commissioner of Health ; Donald O.
Hammerberg, Milk Administrator; Lewis B. Daniels and Raymond M.
Holloway, dealers ; George Pratt, Jr. and Robert C. Mitchell, producers ;
and H. Clifford Goslee, clerk.
Previous to the convening of the regular session of the General As-
sembly the chairman invited representatives of the dairy industry to study
pending and proposed amendments to the dairy laws. Much consideration
was given to proposed changes in Section 3234 "Special Grade Name
Milks." Later the General Assembly did amend this section to greatly
clarify and strengthen the position of the board.
During the year the board approved the production, processing and
labeling of various grades and types of milk by individual dealers, and
also allowed the addition of vitamins and minerals to milk by certain dealers
in accordance with established rules and regulations. The board also studied
at considerable length the problem presented by Concentrated Milk appear-
in neighboring markets. This resulted in the General Assembly passing a
law giving the board power to set up rules and regulations for the control
_ of this new product.
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
239
STATISTICAL SUMMARY
Dairy Division
Dairy Farms Registered, Inspected and Approved
1948
1949
1950
1951
Connecticut
4,732
4,664
4,540
4,324
New York
1,470
861
927
1,135
Massachusetts
234
277
279
282
Vermont
610
345
106
191
Rhode Island
62
32
33
31
New Jersey-
1
1
1
New Hampshire
44
Total
7,108 6,224 5,886 5,964
Connecticut Dairy Farm Statistics
(Day of Registration)
Cows Milked
Number of
Cows 2 Years
Days of
Quarts
Year
Dairy Farms
and Over
Registration
Produced Daily
1935
7,686
98,402
77,309
737,236
1940
6,233
102,878
80,998 •
850,373
1945
5,211
107,193
82,386
1,011,536
1946
4,950
103,214
78,600
953,883
1947
4,864
102,968
77,269
912,986
1948
4,732
98,449
74,693
886,699
1949
4,659
98,992
77,679
971,133
1950
4,540
99,214
78,004
985,290
1951
4,324
97,256
75,654
989,758
Milk Pasteurizing
Plants
1949
1950 1951
Connecticut
317
325 307
Massachusetts
5
5 5
Rhode Island
1
1 1
Total
323
331
313
Out-of-State Sources of Cream
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
1950
1951
1
1
New York-
0
2
Vermont
1
1
Wisconsin
Inspection, Sampling and Testing Service
Type
Dairy farm inspections
Pasteurizing plant inspections
Special and re-inspections
Total Number
Samples of Milk, Cream, Milk Products
Collected — Tested by Bureau of
Laboratories, Department of Health
Collected and tested by Dairy Div.
Samples, water (to Dept. of Health)
Total Number
1950
11
3
4
1951
12
5
4
1950
11,620
1,717
4,914
1951
12,005
1,562
5,382
18,251
23,290
3,640
196
27,126
18,949
23,574
684
218
24,476
240 DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
Butterfat Sampling and Testing (Special Service Sec. 3185)
1950 1951
Total samples collected and tested 21,309 19,638
Uncollected fees June 30 $3,915.50 $3,546.50
Total amount billed dealers (19,556 @ $1.25) 26,193.75 24,455.00
Total $30,109.25 $28,001.50
Total fees collected from dealers $26,127.25 $23,915.00
Uncollected fees June 30 3,546.50 4,086.50
Bad debts— cancelled 435.50 0.00
MARKETING DIVISION
The marketing division activities under Chapters 138-141 inclusive
of the General Statutes, are primarily regulatory and service providing for
a more orderly, less costly distribution of perishable foods. Promotion of
maximum consumption of plentiful foods at times of peak supply is a by-
product of this program. Activities are divided into four general parts :
(1) market and crop reporting, (2) grade and label control, (3) agricultu-
ral promotion and general information service, (4) live poultry dealers
licensing.
Fourteen full time employees and eight part time seasonally employed
federally licensed fresh fruit and vegetable inspectors comprised the staff
of the division. In addition to its marketing work the division was in charge
of placing the department's exhibit at the Eastern States Exposition, allo-
cation of premium money to fairs and providing assistance to a number of
agricultural organizations.
Grade certification services rendered the past year included supervision
of six egg grading stations and 15 commercial egg producers who packed
and marketed 3,314,170 dozen eggs in cartons sealed with Federal-State
certificates of quality; inspection of 273,990 dozen eggs and 313 tons of
various fresh fruits and vegetables purchased for state institutions; 10,620
dozen eggs, 5,364 pounds of butter, 2,885 pounds of cheese, 29,823 pounds
of poultry purchased for U. S. Veterans hospitals; 2,191 carlot equivalents
of potatoes and 71 cars of apples. Total amount earned in fees for these
services was $28,821.29, divided as follows: fruits and vegetables $26,-
237.97; eggs, poultry, etc. $2,583.32. (Receivables of $1,145.67, June 30,
1951 included but not shown in cash financial statement.) In addition a
credit of $333.46 was earned for inspection service at the State Prison
cannery, Wethersfield. The following volume of products was inspected for
the cannery ; apples 59 tons, snap beans 48 tons, beets 63 tons, carrots 186
tons, spinach 240 tons, tomatoes 172 tons.
Enforcement of compulsory grade labeling laws designated by statutes
as the responsibility of this department resulted in the following number
of inspections at retail stores the past year; eggs 1,686, potatoes 614, and
seeds 597. Compliance indicated by inspectors reports were considered satis-
factory, particularly for potatoes which were found to be 97 percent in
grade as marked. Eggs were found 81 percent in grade and up to size and
seeds 84 percent approved.
Live poultry dealers licenses were issued to 420 cash buyers and 144
bonded dealers during the licensing year which ended February 28, 1951.
Income from fees collected for live poultry licenses during the fiscal year
totaled $912.00.
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS 241
The Connecticut Market Bulletin, printed each Monday, Wednesday
and Friday, with our own equipment, had a maximum circulation of nearly
8,000. A total income from subscriptions and advertising of $12,393.96 was
received during the last fiscal year. A new photo offset printing unit has
been secured to replace our old equipment which will make it possible to
have more economical and efficient production of the "Bulletin" and some
additional publications.
Press and radio continued their splendid cooperation, thus making it
possible for much more satisfactory and effective market and crop news
dissemination than would have been accomplished otherwise. They were
also helpful in publicizing seasonally plentiful foods which we suggested as
part of a program initiated last May by the Governor's Home Garden and
Food Preservation Committee. The division was assigned to develop a spe-
cial program in cooperation with the Agricultural Extension Service and
others to publicize the objectives of this committee as a part of the national
mobilization effort. A project was initiated of weekly short radio "spot"
announcements urging maximum use of plentiful foods supplied to all of
the state's 28 stations.
A monthly "Market Preview" one page publication was started as an-
other phase to advise retailers in advance of annual seasonal peak supply
periods of fresh perishables. A mailing list of nearly 5,000 Connecticut food
retailers available through the cooperation of the Agricultural Extension
Service, Storrs and the Milk Administrator's office is used in sending it out.
Weekly crop and market news summaries are prepared during the sum-
mer season covering vegetables and small fruits. These are now sent to all
Connecticut daily and weekly newspapers. During the winter season a
weekly special apple market report is prepared which includes a monthly
cold storage report. The storage reports are compiled in cooperation with
the United States Department of Agriculture under a cooperative agree-
ment whereby an agent of this division is designated as a collaborator.
These reports are also released to the local press and leading trade papers.
The "New England Crop Reporting Service," Boston, sponsored by
this department in cooperation with the other five New England state Agri-
cultural Departments and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of
Agricultural Economics continued to function as in the past 20 years. The
weekly Chick Placement Report initiated by that office in cooperation with
this department two years ago was continued. The New England Radio
News Service cooperatively sponsored by the six state agricultural depart-
ments in the area, the U. S. Department of Agriculture and various other
agricultural organizations discontinued operations due to a lack of funds
on June 30, 1951.
LIVESTOCK DIVISION
The division of Livestock Disease Control is responsible for carrying
out the provisions of Chapters 148-152 inclusive of the General Statutes.
Its primary purpose is protecting livestock from infection from outside
sources and also controlling or eradicating serious contagious diseases
within the state. Regulations concerning the importation of livestock from
outside the state have been strengthened, yet vigilance is necessary in order
242 DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
that they be complied with to the fullest extent. During the past year Con-
necticut has been free of the more serious animal plagues.
Important diseases for which regulatory measures have been adopted,
are Tuberculosis, Bang's Disease (Brucellosis), Mastitis, Hog Cholera and
kindred diseases, Rabies, Pullorum and infectious diseases of poultry. This
division is also responsible for the inspection and licensing of slaughter-
houses. Licenses are required from the owners of pet shops as well as from
the owners or keepers of stallions. The enforcement of dog laws and the
control of rabies is also a function of this division.
During the last session of the general assembly a few progressive
changes were made affecting the activities of this division. The importation
of feeder steers is now permitted, when accompanied by a permit issued
by the Commissioner and an approved health chart from the state of origin
indicating they have passed a tuberculin test within 30 days of shipment.
For many years the procedure of obtaining a permit to import a dog
into Connecticut created a great deal of confusion and in many cases abso-
lute infractions of the law. The Legislature recently enacted a law, so that
dogs may be imported if accompanied by an approved health certificate
from the state of origin. This change has made Connecticut requirements
similar to those in many other states.
The 1951 Legislature also granted a two year extension to the Com-
mission that was appointed in 1949 to study the dog laws and make recom-
mendations for their revision. There has long been a need for a change in
the laws to provide adequate protection to livestock and poultry owners
from roaming dogs ; the establishment of suitable pounds in each town and
stricter control measures.
The department is continuing a vigorous program of working with
the town dog wardens to insure as complete licensing of dogs as possible.
Considerable progress is being made as evidenced by the increased number
of dogs licensed and a decline in the amount of claims paid for dog damage.
It is expected that the action of the Legislature in increasing the fees to
local dog wardens will encourage them to do an even better job.
Since World War II there has been an increase in the volume of cattle
transactions through commission sales, which have operated weekly,
throughout the state. They are now required to be licensed by the depart-
ment and the Commissioner has been given authority to adopt regulations
to control and regulate these operations to protect the State's dairy industry.
The recent requirements concerning Civilian Defense has created addi-
tional duties on the division chief, who has been appointed Veterinary
Coordinator. Meetings have been held at intervals with the Health Service
division and information passed on to all veterinarians in the state as to
their duties and what is required of them in case of an atomic attack. Bulle-
tins published by the United States Bureau of Animal Industry have been
distributed to all veterinarians and four key men have been appointed, one
for each of the critical areas in the state. Cooperative arrangements have
also been made with the Bureau of Animal Industry so as to assist in every
way possible the detection of any foreign disease.
Tuberculosis has been controlled to the point, where Connecticut has
been a modified accredited state since 1936 and with the continued coopera-
tion of all concerned should maintain this status. However, constant retest-
ing of the herds will be necessary.
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS 243
Brucellosis (Bang's Disease) is more difficult to control than tubercu-
losis. During the past year we have had an increased number of animals
tested under the State Informative Plan. The number of reactors per farm
has been noticeably low which no doubt is due to a great extent to the
state vaccination program.
Calfhood vaccination is producing very satisfactory results as shown in
the herds being tested under the State Informative Plan. With its contin-
uation here and wider use by other states, vaccination apparently will make
rapid strides toward controlling Bang's Disease.
Mastitis is one of the most serious and common diseases of dairy cat-
tle and an increasing number of progressive farmers are rapidly becoming
cognizant of the program for its control. With their cooperation and strict
adherance to recommendations a larger amount of quality milk will con-
tinue to be offered the citizens of Connecticut.
Poultry, the second most important agricultural industry in the state,
is subject to many diseases that can cause serious losses to flock owners.
Since 1925 we have been testing a steadily increasing number of chickens
for Pullorum Disease. This has made possible the certification of a suffi-
cient number of clean flocks so that this year Connecticut poultrymen were
able to send chicks and hatching eggs to 42 different countries. Blood sam-
ples are drawn by our inspectors and the tests made at the University of
Connecticut laboratory. We have also helped poultrymen in the detection
and control of other diseases, particularly New Castle, Laryngotracheal s
and Infectious Bronchitis.
INSTITUTIONAL FARMS
Farming is a business which experiences no major changes from one
year to another and the operation of the state's twelve institutional farms
is no exception. Of course, certain factors undergo changes, such as yield,
prices, personnel and equipment, but taking the whole, drastic innovations
cannot be made from year to year.
It is very gratifying to everyone involved in the farm operations to
know that by following good business practices, consistent improvement is
shown. A review of the statistical summary which follows shows a sub-
stantial increase in the production of these items needed to feed the inmates.
This becomes even more impressive when one realizes that the increased pro-
duction was accomplished in spite of a reduction in the hours of inmate
labor.
The institutional farms still face a personnel problem, due to a large
extent to the lack of housing facilities. This, along with the inability to com-
plete the building program, has been a problem for some time but is beyond
our control.
During the year, the dairy at the Mystic Oral School was discontinued
in the interest of economy. The school is now supplied with milk from the
State Farm for Women at Niantic. The University is now using the sur-
plus milk produced at the Osborn Prison Farm.
Considerable damage was suffered by the farms during the year. Dogs
killed 27 sheep and five other sheep necessitated veterinary treatment.
While insurance covered the loss of the dead sheep, it did not repay the
damage to the remainder of the flock. Many of the buildings were damaged
244 DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
by the severe windstorms last Fall but most of them have been or are in
the process of being repaired. A silo that collapsed at Long Lane School
has been replaced by a new one.
On February 27, 1951, an early morning fire at the Mansfield State
Training School totally destroyed the main barn and its contents consisting
of tractors, trucks, other machinery and feed. No livestock was involved in
this fire. Invitations to bid have been issued for Ouonset type structures
to take care of the urgent storage requirements. Insurance adjustments
have made it possible to replace the trucks, tractors and other farm equip-
ment as well as the storage facilities, when and if necessary.
The hatching program has been expanded so that now the Osborn
Prison Farm is able to greatly increase the number of chicks supplied to
other institutions. Sufficient calves have been raised so that it has not been
necessary to buy replacements for the dairy herds. And the application of
the results of constant research has aided materially in keeping the herds
in good physical condition as well as controlling crop pests.
STATISTICAL SUMMARY
Institutional Farms
Calendar Years
ems (Production)
1949
1950
Milk — quarts
3,264,617
3,549,705
Beef — pounds
56,861
128,564
Pork — pounds
219,545
288,528
Lamb — pounds
1,578
2,140
Fowl — pounds
88,089
83,233
Turkey Meat — pounds
52,752
35,123
Eggs — dozen
219,545
266,409
Ensilage — acres
262
246
Hay — acres
1,272
1,221
Potatoes — acres
110
101
Miscellaneous Vegetables — acres
332
289
Tomatoes — acres
36
33
Items (Inventory)
Cattle — Number
1,325
1,462
Swine — Number
1,135
1,372
Fowl — Number
32,400
34,677
Turkeys — Number
2,050
1,904
Sheep — Number
84
106
Horses— Number
41
35
Tillable Land — acres
2,418
2,385^4
Inmate Population
13,500
13,604
Inmate Labor (hours)
805,359
752,329^
SOIL CONSERVATION
There are many of us in Connecticut who would restore Connecticut's
fields, forests, and streams to their former beauty. Basically to accomplish
this, one must deal with the soil itself and the landowner who owns it. The
practice of soil conservation is informed conscientious management of our
soil resources. It depends on and is the responsibility of the owners and
users of these resources.
The Soil Conservation Program of the state of Connecticut as adminis-
tered by the department of Farms and Markets aims at the individual land-
DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS 245
owner. It encourages him through his local soil conservation district toward
sound land management. Through conservation plans hased on technical
surveys, it takes into consideration all of the close relationships and prob-
lems of soil, water, forest and animal life.
The administration of the soil conservation program in each of the
seven soil conservation districts is carried out by a board of supervisors
composed of five local farmers elected by the local landowners. Three dis-
tricts at present are operating state owned bulldozers equipped with special
rock rakes. This equipment is loaned to the district out of money from the
revolving fund and amortized at an hourly rate.
Much of the credit for the expansion and progress made in soil con-
servation work must be given to these local farmers who have spent con-
siderable time and effort in carrying out their duties. County agricultural
agents have served as ex-officio members of the board and have been a
great help in guiding the supervisors on technical problems and through
special meetings.
As the law now operates in the state, anyone with three or more acres
of land may request technical assistance. This requires mapping of the soil
or conservation survey which is a prerequisite to sound soil conservation
planning to determine the percent of slope to the land, degree of erosion,
type of soil and capability of the land. This map is used as a basis for all
future land use.
The air traveler over the state of Connecticut does not see agricultural
land areas that have been extensively terraced, contoured and strip cropped
shouting up at him proclaiming that Connecticut is conserving her soil.
The above conservation practices being the average layman's conception of
soil conservation. Nevertheless, if he were to examine her topography more
carefully from the ground he would find that much soil conservation has
been planned and carried out since 1945, when the soil conservation law
was passed.
Farmer interest in soil conservation is best evidenced by the fact that
most of the districts have a heavy workload ahead of them and usually
place applications on a priority basis. There is considerable interest among
farmers in clearing land of brush, stones and obstructions in order to in-
crease the amount of open land for crops and pasture.
Progressive landowners through example are showing and leading the
way by conservation practices and others are following. Perhaps permanent
demonstration areas or models would help out where the cumulative effects
of conservation and an approach to a balance in nature can be appreciated.
Land or soil, whether it be in the city or in the country, affects all of
us and if we have no use for it we should not abuse it. We are concerned
with water ; that there is enough for domestic, industrial, agricultural, and
recreational uses. Water reserves can be increased by protecting and im-
proving the grass and forest cover in our water sheds. How this can be
accomplished should be of concern to all who wonder about our increasing
populations and consumption of resources.
Conservation, after all, is more than the protection and propagation
of wildlife and fish, maintaining bird sanctuaries, recreational parks and
camps. It is more than trapping the raindrop where it falls and thus stop-
ping soil erosion and floods. It is more than reforestation of the lands de-
246 DEPARTMENT OF FARMS AND MARKETS
voted to forestry and the selective cutting of our trees when they have
matured and are ready for market. It is more than all of these. Conserva-
tion is a way of life consistent with nature and all of man's surroundings.
No one resource can be safeguarded unless water, soil, trees and grasses
are in a dynamic balance and that must be our goal.
EMPLOYMENT OF MINORS IN AGRICULTURE
The law regulating the employment of minors in agriculture is a most
important one. It gives this department authority and the responsibility of
protecting the youth of fourteen and fifteen years of age who work on
Connecticut farms.
Farms where fifteen or more persons are employed in any one week
come under the provisions of the law. This limits the field of inspection
prmarily to shade tobacco operations during July and August. There is,
however, a limited inspection required on the larger berry, fruit and vege-
table farms during the harvest.
Our inspectors in checking the age of employees also observe the sani-
tary conditions, fire hazards in camps, and transportation methods. Any
apparent non-compliance with these additional safety laws are reported to
the agencies responsible for their enforcement.
We have been most fortunate in securing a very competent inspection
staff of men whose profession requires close contact with boys and girls.
Of the eight inspectors, six are active school principals or. teachers in the
Hartford area. Little change in personnel since the program started has
resulted in greater operational efficiency.
While violations are relatively infrequent and generally of a minor
nature, it is evident that strict compliance with the law can only be attained
through constant inspection. Lack of adequate proof of age causes the ma-
jority of violations and have been speedily corrected.
Few realize the magnitude of the contribution which youth makes to-
ward harvesting many crops. The boys and girls from Connecticut, as
well as those that come in from other:*states and live in well organized
camps are doing a worth-while job of benefit to all.
STATISTICAL SUMMARY
Number of inspections
Number of farms
Total Employment
Number Youth 14-16 years of age
Number of boys
Number of girls
Number of violations
1949
1950
516
950
3%
635
14,123
13,692
4,761
4,359
2,889
2,763
1,872
1,596
50
51
FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSION
Established— July 1, 1947
Statutory authority — Chapter 185
Administrative head — Theodore J. Richard, Com-
missioner
Deputy administrator — Frank M. Greene, Deputy
Commissioner
Central office — State Office Building, Hartford ;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 465
Average number of full-time employees — 33
Organization structure — Food Division, Drugs, De-
vices and Cosmetics Division, Weights and Mea-
sures Division
The Commission administers laws covering all angles of the manufac-
ture and sale of foods, drugs and cosmetics to the people of Connecticut,
including the quality of the products, their safety, packaging, labeling and
advertising, manufacture and weights and measures.
The activities of the Commission are divided into three divisions
working under the direction of Commissioner Theodore J. Richard of
Norwich. The weights and measures division is directed by Deputy Com-
missioner Frank M. Greene of Stratford, while the food division is headed
by Harold Clark of Colchester and the drugs, devices and cosmetics division
is directed by Herbert P. Plank of West Haven.
One of the serious problems facing the Commission is proper regula-
tion of containers and devices used in the measurement of liquid petroleum
gases now being delivered to 70,000 consumers throughout the state.
The illegal sale of barbiturates and other sedatives continues to be one
of the most serious matters handled by the drugs, devices and cosmetics
division. The majority of the pharmacists of the state cooperate in the
handling of dangerous drugs, but there is much work to be done to protect
the public.
247
248 FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSION
During the years since the founding of the commission, the sentiment
concerning oleomargarine has changed considerable as, indeed, has the
product itself. The last legislature amended the laws regulating the sale
of oleo to permit the sale of colored margarine.
FOOD DIVISION
The work of the food division is to assure Connecticut consumers
that the food they eat is wholesome and nutritious and has been manu-
factured and/or processed under stringent sanitary measures and labeled
and advertised in a truthful manner.
The division has licensed 1,263 bakeries, 215 non-alcoholic beverage
plants, 60 frozen food locker plants, 168 cider and apple juice plants, 87
wholesale frozen dessert plants and 368 retail frozen dessert plants located
within the state, as well as 202 bakeries, 69 non-alcoholic beverage plants,
65 wholesale frozen dessert plants, 7 retail frozen dessert plants and 13
cider and apple juice plants located beyond the boundaries of Connecticut.
The quality control program, in addition to inspection of plants, re-
quires laboratory analyses of many foods. During the period covered by
this report, a total of 2,861 samples have been obtained and submitted to
the State Bureau of Laboratories for examination, the analyses of which
indicate that the quality of all classes of frozen desserts meets state stand-
ards in most cases. The records of the office indicate that the quality of
frozen desserts has shown a constant improvement for the past several years,
indicating that sampling is an extremely important factor and thus a worth-
while project.
Routine sampling of other food commodities of many types and classes
has been conducted and the samples of these various foods submitted to
the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station for chemical analysis.
One thousand four hundred fifty-six samples of such foods submitted to
the station indicate that there are still many careless or otherwise un-
scrupulous individuals operating in the food industry who altogether too
often are found manufacturing or distributing adulterated or misbranded
foods. Many of these violations are deliberate and willful, while others are
found in violation due to laxness on the operation of their plants. Where
the analysis of samples collected reveals it to be a case of apparent willful
adulteration or misbranding, the merchandise is placed under state embargo.
A hearing before the commission is then held and the violation is either
abated to the satisfaction of the commission or turned over to the proper
courts for final disposition.
It has been necessary to place 201 embargoes during the year on a
wide variety of commodities, an itemized list of which is later set forth
in this report. Samples of several prominent brands of butter revealed
that the product was short-weight, ranging from % to T/2 ounce per pound
and the product was placed under state seizure. Products labeled as Pure
Black Pepper were found to be made from buck wheat hulls, salt crystals,
sand and artifical flavor. Vegetable and olive oils were seized because of
short-volume, ranging from three to six fluid ounces per gallon. Many oils,
purporting to be olive oil or containing a given percentage of olive oil were
likewise found to contain little or no olive oil at all. Samples of pure grape
juice were found to contain as high as 30 per cent of added water. Sizeable
FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSION 249
quantities of flour, found to be damaged or otherwise rodent infested were
also seized. Banana flakes, used as cereal for infants, were seized because
of deceptive packaging, the containers being approximately 50 per cent
filled. Bean coffee, containing strings, sticks, stems and other substances
was seized. Candy products were high upon the list of seized foods because
of their being grossly short-in-weight or deceptively packaged and im-
properly labeled. Dried citrus fruit, found to be weevil and worm infested,
was also seized. Horseradish, containing turnip and parsnips is among
the foods which have been embargoed. Hamburg, to which sulphite has
been added for the purpose of deception has been found and seized. The
addition of sulphite (a chemical), transforms dark, discolored and de-
composed meat to a natural redness and at the same time, destroys the
thiamine in the product. The office receives numerous complaints from con-
sumers, alleging to have found some form of foreign substance in a food
commodity. In most instances, the complainant submits a sample of food
obviously containing the foreign substance, which clearly indicates laxness
on the part of the manufacturer or packer.
In summarizing the activities of the food division, there has been a
total of 25,419 inspections made, a total of 4.317 samples taken, 201 em-
bargoes placed on adulterated or misbranded foods and 57 hearings held
before the commission.
DRUGS, DEVICES AND COSMETICS DIVISION
The drugs, devices and cosmetics division administers the drugs, de-
vices and cosmetics provisions of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic law, along
with the laws providing for the licensing of manufacturers and wholesalers
of drugs, devices and cosmetics and setting up provisions for the operation
of such establishments ; registering and supervising the operations of all
pest control companies using sodium fluoroacetate, the deadly rat poison ;
examination of the labels and sampling all medicated feeds ; regulating
insecticides and fungicides and requiring that color be added to certain
fungicides ; restricting the use of wood alcohol and banning the sale of
adulterated turpentine.
In handling the first two subjects the division deals with nearly 900
drug stores, approximately 3,000 stores holding permits to sell patent medi-
cines and more than 200 manufacturers and wholesalers, to which must
be added the almost countless number of companies shipping these products
into Connecticut. In addition, hundreds of feed and grain dealers, hard-
ware stores and pest control operators come under the provisions of the
other laws mentioned.
As in the past, regulation of the sale of dangerous drugs has presented
a most vexing problem. While the great majority of the pharmacists of
Connecticut know and respect the laws governing the sale of these prod-
ucts, there are a few who are inclined to place profits before ethics.
It is extremely unfortunate that the responsibility for a sizeable part
of any violations of the laws regulating the sale of dangerous drugs must
be placed on the doorstep of some of the physicians of the state, who dis-
play a pronounced reluctance to cooperate in this important work. This
can best be illustrated by reviewing some actual cases.
250 FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSION
The law provides that dangerous drugs can only be sold on a written
prescription and in the case of a number of them, including barbiturates
(sleeping pills), antibiotics and thyroids, the prescriptions cannot be re-
filled except on the written or oral order of the physicians. In spite of the
fact that this law is designed solely for the protection of the patient, the
Commission receives many reports from pharmacists of physicians who
fail to cooperate when contacted concerning refills.
In other cases, the physicians are reported to have approved refills at
such frequent intervals that it is apparent that dosage directions they them-
selves gave have been violated by the patient.
The division has worked in close cooperation with the medical division
of the Commissioner of Welfare during the last year, checking many cases
in which it was noted that state aid patients had received unusually large
amounts of dangerous drugs. These investigations uncovered some irreg-
ularities in so-called nursing homes, where a prescription written for a
particular patient was used to secure large amounts of the same drug for
other patients.
Another difficulty was presented by the practice of this type of insti-
tution in buying dangerous drugs from wholesalers. This resulted in large
amounts of such drugs being so placed that there could be little super-
vision of them. While the registered pharmacist could not dispense even
the smallest amount of such drugs except on the written prescription of a
physician, the nursing home was able to buy any size amount from a whole-
saler without a prescription. This situation was corrected by the last Gen-
eral Assembly which amended the law to provide that wholesale purchasing
of drugs by hospitals be confined "to any hospital recognized by the State
Department of Health as a general hospital or to any institution having a
full time pharmacist."
The division has also worked with the State Purchasing department
in checking some of the drugs purchased for the state institutions. This
led to one of the interesting cases of the year. While the supervising in-
spector of the division was checking a complaint at Undercliff Sanitorium
that unsatisfactory reactions were resulting from the use of a new shipment
of drugs, a telephone call was received there from the Cedarcrest Sani-
torium concerning similar unsatisfactory results from the use of a ship-
ment of the drug just received there.
Samples of the drug were taken in both institutions and submitted
to the State Experiment Station. The Federal Food and Drug Admin-
istration was notified and also took samples. Strangely enough, the best
efforts of all of the many chemists working on the case were unable to
uncover any difference in the drug from other shipments which gave very
satisfactory results.
Seven of the ten hearings held were for violation of the provisions
of the food, drug and cosmetic law. One of the most interesting of these
occurred late in the year when a man asked the state police to. lock him
up as he had been taking both liquor and drugs and felt that he was a
danger to others. When questioned, he said that he illegally purchased
' both the drugs and liquor in a New Britain pharmacy and expressed a
desire to shut off his source of supply by helping secure evidence against
the pharmacist. The division and the state police worked with the in-
formant and secured evidence resulting in the pharmacist being fined $400
FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSION 251
and sentenced to four months in jail, with the execution of the latter sus-
pended. Action against the man's license was later taken by the Board of
Pharmacy Commissioners.
The work done by the division on the control of medicated feeds for
poultry resulted in three hearings, one of which was a joint hearing at-
tended by the representatives of seven manufacturers whose products had
been found either high or low in the amount of medication they contained.
As Connecticut is one of the largest poultry growing states in the
country, the matter of medicated feeds is of considerable interest. This
type of medication for the treatment of coccidiosis in poultry is compara-
tively new and calls for minute quantities of highly toxic drugs incor-
porated in feeds. Accuracy is essential. It early became apparent that few
of the state's grain dealers possessed either the equipment or technical
knowledge for properly mixing such small quantities of drugs in large
amounts of feed. The analysis of samples taken that year confirmed this,
when 54% of the samples were found to have been inaccurately com-
pounded. Conferences with the manufacturers and the various grain dealers
were held at that time and resulted in most of the mixing of the drugs and
feeds being taken over by the manufacturers.
This move caused a decided improvement in the feeds containing sul-
faquinoxaline, with which the manufacturers have had the most experience.
Forty-eight samples of sulfaquinoxaline feeds were taken this year and
34 of these were passed, while 13, or 38%, were found definitely high or
low in the amount of drug. While this percentage of inaccurately com-
pounded samples was far from satisfactory, it was felt that a decided im-
provement had been made.
One of the newest drugs for use in feeds is enheptin and five samples
of feeds containing this drug was taken. The inexperience of the manu-
facturers in dealing with enheptin was shown in the fact that four of the
five samples were found more than 10% low in the drug.
The situation was discussed from all angles at the hearing attended
by the representatives of practically all the larger feed manufacturers and
new methods to increase accuracy were suggested. All agreed that they
have a distinct obligation to the poultry growers and promised to make
every effort to improve the record in the future.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES DIVISION
The state division of weights and measures adopts codes of specifica-
tions, tolerances and regulations for commercial weighing and measuring
devices, strains, supervises and cooperates with local sealers and inspectors
of weights and measures in their several jurisdictions ; compares the stand-
ards of industry and all counties, cities and towns with those of the state
to assure the accuracy of each in comparison with the state standards.
The weights and measures division is principally concerned with all
instruments that are used for determining the size, extent, weight, area or
quantity of commodities or objects as well as the enforcement of the
weights and measures laws, regulations, specifications and tolerances
enacted, adopted or promulgated to bring about fair and just business
practices.
252 FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSION
The weights and measures received from the United States, under
resolution of the Congress, approved June 14, 1836, and such new weights
and measures as supplied by the state in conformity therewith and cer-
tified by the National Bureau of Standards and classed as State Standards
under the provisions of Section 6773 of the General Statutes, have been
kept in good order as required by this statute. As required by Section 6774
the State Standards were certified by the National Bureau of Standards
in September, 1950.
The inspectors assist the local scalers of weights and measures in their
jurisdiction with instruction and in special tests requiring special knowl-
edge or equipment not available on the local level. They also are directed
from the state division office to make investigations in answer to complaints,
make adjustments and correct existing conditions when a change is
warranted.
FINANCIAL REPORT
Revenue receipts to the State of Connecticut by the Department
amounted to $40,605.43 broken down as follows:
Bake Shop License Fees $11,154.00
Non-alcoholic Beverage License Fees 5,620.00
Frozen Dessert License Fees 9,849.26
Apple Juice & Cider License Fees 370.00
Refrigerator Locker Plant License Fees 406.50
Drug License Fees 11,500.00
Out-of-State Inspections 1,491.17
Sale of Junk 4.50
Sales Tax 20.90
Total 40,416.33
CONNECTICUT MARKETING AUTHORITY
■HBBBBBB
Established— 1939
Statutory authority — Chapter 142, General Statutes,
Revision 1949 "
Administrative Jiead — Ralph C. Lasbury, Jr.,
Chairman
Central office — State Office Building Annex, Room
12; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 2529
. Iverage number of full-time employees — 2
mam
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, the Marketing Authority's
activities were concerned primarily with the negotiation of "Agreements
to Sign Leases" with the prospective lessees of the new Regional Market
and with the construction of the market in the South Meadows area of
Hartford.
I. SIGNING OF "AGREEMENTS TO SIGN LEASES" WITH THE
PROSPECTIVE LESSEES OF THE MARKET
During the period from July through Septemher, 1950, the Authority
was concerned with the negotiation of a lease agreement with the Greater
Hartford Farmers Market, Inc., an organization made up of market
gardeners and authorized by charter to sell fresh fruits and vegetables and
other farm products. An agreement was reached in this instance to lease a
paved area of approximately three acres for their use.
During this same period "Agreements to Sign Leases" were also ne-
gotiated with twenty-nine wholesale fruit and produce distributors, two
cooperative wholesale poultry and egg distributors, one wholesale frozen
food distributor, and one wholesale distributor of market garden supplies.
253
254 CONNECTICUT MARKETING AUTHORITY
Lease negotiations were also executed for prospective office space
occupants with three brokers of fresh fruits and vegetables and two organ-
izations concerned with the servicing of refrigerated freight cars.
In the "Agreements to Sign Leases" with the wholesale distributors,
store space in the amount of 142,128 square feet is to be occupied by this
group when constructed, and 1,807 square feet by office tenants.
II. ACTION TAKEN BY MARKETING AUTHORITY RELATIVE
TO THE BORROWING OF FUNDS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION
OF THE MARKET
At the October 20, 1950, meeting of the Marketing Authority, a reso-
lution drawn by the Authority's bond counsel and requested by the bond-
ing committee was unanimously approved by all Authority members present
at this meeting, which stated in effect that it was the Authority's opinion
that sufficient income would be derived from rentals and other sources of
income to liquidate the cost of construction of the market and also to pay
for the maintenance, personnel, and other anticipated expenses connected
with this undertaking. The amount borrowed was $1,200,000.
III. BID OFFERING FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE
MARKET
On November 10, 1950, bids were opened for the construction of the
completed market. Six contractors bid on the railroad and paving contract
alone and the prices offered ranged from $278,692 to $460,960.
Concerning the bids opened on the building construction into which
specifications were written for an alternate bid for the construction of
eieven store units, the price range was from $1,070,424 to $1,262,355.
There were six contractors who bid within this range.
There were also four contractors who bid the complete job and the
prices ranged from $1,356,324 to $1,669,788.
The contract was let for the railroad and paving to the lowest bidder
for $278,692, and the contract was let for the building construction minus
the alternate to the lowest bidder for $732,326. The alternate bid for the
construction of the last eleven store units was not let out for contract be-
cause of insufficient funds available to the Authority at that time.
Contracts were signed and construction on the project commenced
during the month of December 1950.
IV. NEW LEGISLATION
Due to the fact that insufficient funds were available to construct a
sufficient number of structures to house several of the prospective lessees
who signed "Agreements to Sign Leases" and for other facilities the
Authority believed necessary to finish the market, a bill was presented to
the 1951 session of the Connecticut General Assembly for authority to
issue $450,000 in additional self-liquidating bonds to complete the project.
A law was passed relative to this matter which would permit the Authority
to issue bonds in the amount of $360,000.
CONNECTICUT MARKETING AUTHORITY 255
V. FUNDS AUTHORIZED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE
BALANCE OF BUILDINGS SIGNED FOR IN THE "AGREE-
MENTS TO SIGN LEASES" AND OTHER FACILITIES
On June 27, 1951, contracts were let for the construction of eleven
store units from funds made available by the 1951 session of the Connec-
ticut General Assembly at a price offered by the contractor on November
10, 1950, in the amount of $238,098. A contract at that time was also let
for the construction of a railroad platform for wholesale produce receivers
costing $19,500 including fees and contingencies.
VI. COMPLETION DATE OF THE MARKET
According to the latest information it would appear that the market
should be completed and ready for occupancy in the late spring or early
summer of 1952. In making such a prediction, the building contractors
advised the Authority that the completion date will depend much upon
their ability to procure construction materials, particularly steel, which is
under very rigid control.
VII. ADVISORY COUNCIL
Of importance during the fiscal year recently ended was the setting
up of an Advisory Council by the Marketing Authority to assist that body
in the management and everyday problems that will occur in the operation
of the market. The Advisory Council is of an advisory nature, however,
with full responsibility vested in the Authority.
The Council is at the present time set up for a period of three years
and is comprised of two produce wholesale receivers elected by the pros-
pective lessees of the market and a representative of the Greater Hartford
Farmers Market, Inc., who was selected by that organization.
The Authority membership, together with their town of residence and
expiration date of their term of office, is as follows :
Ralph C. Lasbury, Jr., East Windsor Hill 1954
John J. Allen, 175 Eaton Street, Bridgeport 1952
Julian B. Thayer, R.F.D., Rockfall 1952
Tohn D. Briscoe, Town Hill, Lakeville 1952
Sadie Glanz, 75 Pearl Street, Hartford 1952
Samuel Landow, 10 Alston Avenue, New Haven 1953
Curtice E. Phillips, Corning Road, Norwich 1953
Charles B. Young, 462 East Center Street, Wallingford . . . .1953
Robert E. Hyde, Ellington 1954
Henry F. Joy, Woodstock 1954
Curtis T. Titus, Washington 1954
John Christensen, Commissioner of Farms and Markets (ex
officio), Windsor
The Marketing Authority has two approved positions both filled at this
time, namely, an executive secretary and a stenographer.
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Established— -1875
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 3246 to 3270, inclusive
Administrative liead-
rector
-James G. Horsfall, Di-
Central office — 123 Huntington Street, New Haven
(P. O. Box 1106). Telephone 5-4173
e; Average number of full-time staff members — 128
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $489,205.00. Federal
funds, $78,174.28. Other sources, $51,727.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951—
Recurring operating expenditures, State funds,
$462,803.64. Federal funds, $69,646.31. Other
funds, $44,608.19. Capital outlay, $41,722.50.
Organization structure — Administration ; Analyti-
cal Chemistry ; Biochemistry ; Entomology ;
Forestry ; Genetics ; Plant Pathology and Botany ; Soils ; Tobacco
Laboratory
Valuation (cost) of plant— $924,000.00
THE BOARD OF CONTROL
The Governor, ex-officio, John Lodge, (President).
The Commissioner of Farms and Markets, ex-officio, John Christensen, (Secretary).
Appointed by the governing board of the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale Univer-
sity, Edmund W. Sinnott, term expires July 1, 1953.
Appointed by the board of trustees of Wesleyan University, Raymond E.
Baldwin, term expires July 1, 1954.
Appointed by the trustees of the University of Connecticut, vacant.
Appointed by the Governor.
John Lyman, term expires July 1, 1952.
Charles G. Morris, term expires July 1, 1953.
The Director, ex-officio, James G. Horsfall, (Treasurer).
The Executive Staff is as follows :
James G. Horsfall, Ph.D., Director and Treasurer
Gilbert H. Ahlgren, Assistant Treasurer
LOCATION OF PROPERTIES
Headquarters: 123 Huntington Street, New Haven (4) ; Postal Address: P. O. Box
1106; Experimental Farm: Mount Carmel. Tobacco Laboratory: Windsor.
256
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 257
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
1950 marked the 75th year of The Connecticut Agricultural Experi-
ment Station, oldest such institution in the Western Hemisphere. Its
founding in 1875 established a new public policy in America — that the
support of scientific research is a proper function of society, and that so-
ciety and science should concern themselves with the problems of the
farmer.
. The 75th anniversary of this oldest American experiment station
seemed a fitting occasion for a commemerative program and the dates Sep-
tember 28 and 29, 1950, were chosen. The two-day program was geared
to two purposes : that we think again of those who laid the foundations
and set the pattern and that we pause to consider the place of the agri-
cultural experiment station and of all research institutes in the world
of today.
The ceremonies were attended by delegates of other experiment sta-
tions, research institutes, national scientific societies, Connecticut univer-
sities, agricultural organizations in the state and others. Many states and
several foreign countries were represented. The two days were spent in
serious discussion. The program included a symposium on "The Research
Institute in Modern Society", conducted by four eminent scientists : Dr.
Edmund W. Sinnott, Director of the Sheffield Scientific School, Yale
University ; Dr. George O. Curme, Jr., Vice-President in Charge of Chem-
ical Research, Lhiion Carbide and Carbon Corporation; Dr. Selman A.
Waksman, Chairman, Microbiology Department, New Jersey Agricultural
Experiment Station ; and Dr. Alexander Wetmore, Secretary, Smithsonian
Institution. Two major addresses were given by Dr. Detlev Wulf Bronk,
president of Johns Hopkins University, and Arnold Nicholson, managing
editor of Country Gentlemen magazine.
STATION HONORS
One measure of the scientific stature of a research institution is the
activity of its staff in professional organizations. Durng 1950-51, staff
membership on national and regional committees totaled 62 and 10 mem-
bers of the staff held officerships in scientific societies.
Two members of the staff were chosen for assignment abroad. Mr.
Neely Turner of the Entomology Department spent six months at the
Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden Herts., England, where
he served as an exchange scientist on the Rothamsted staff conducting re-
search on insecticides. Dr. Gerard Bourbeau of the Soils Department was
chosen by the Economic Cooperation Administration to serve on an ex-
pedition to the Belgian Congo. During his year in South Africa, Dr.
Bourbeau will make a preliminary study of the various tropical soils of
the section.
Dr. Donald F. Jones, head of the station's genetics department has re-
ceived world-wide acclaim for his discovery of the "double cross" method of
producing hybrid corn. During the past year, two new honors were
bestowed upon him. In December, 1950, he was one of three Americans
to be honored with the American Farm Bureau Federation's Gold Medal
award for distinguished service to the nation's agriculture. The Farm
Bureau Federation is the largest general farm organization in the country
258 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
and Dr. Jones is the first Connecticut man to receive its award. In Novem-
ber, 1950, the American Agricultural Editors' Association chose Dr. Jones
as the recipient of its 1950 Distinguished Service award for contributions
to agriculture and to plant breeding.
The director of the station, Dr. James G. Horsfall, was the recipient
of a Distinguished Alumnus Citation presented to him by the University of
Arkansas. The award was made at the 77th annual commencement pro-
gram of the University in Fayetteville, Arkansas, on June 9, 1951.
One of the Station's 1950-51 publications was remarkably well received.
This was Bulletin 541, The Morgan Soil Testing System.
PROGRESS DURING THE YEAR
Department of Analytical Chemistry: The primary function of this
department is the analysis of materials in connection with the regulatory
enforcement of the fertilizer, feed, food, drug and cosmetic laws. The
department performed many analyses requested by other station and state
departments and made a great number of toxicological examinations of
animal tissues.
During the past 12 months the department may also be credited with
several improvements and advances in the technique of analytical methods.
One study has lead to the adoption by the Association of Official Agricul-
tural Chemists of an official method for the determination of sulfaguanidine
in medicated poultry feeds. Almost completed are methods for the de-
termination of nitrophenide and enheptin in special feeds. A statistical study
of results on the analysis of some 250 plant samples for major and minor
elements by both chemical and spectrographs techniques has been com-
pleted.
Department of Biochemistry: The program of this Department is con-
cerned mainly with the chemical reactions that go on in the cells of plants
under the influence of the enzymes the cells contain. The growth of the
plant with the ultimate production of the fruit or seeds, or the fleshy root
or leaves that are of use to man is a long succession of chemical reactions
whereby the simple substances taken up from the soil by the roots, or from
the air by the leaves, are transformed into the innumerable complex sub-
stances found in the maturing plant. Surprisingly little is known about the
details of these reactions, but there is reason to think today that organic
acids found in almost all parts of the plant are fundamental in controlling
and organizing some of the most important of them. Thus, the Depart-
ment has been concerned for many years with the nature of these acids,
with the kind of chemical changes they undergo and with their relationship
to the basic metabolic process of respiration.
Investigations of the chemical transformations that take place in
tobacco leaves have been carried on by the department a long time. Re-
cently, interest has been renewed in the changes that occur during the
commercial curing and fermentation of tobacco leaves, in connection with
the more general work on tobacco carried out by the Tobacco Laboratory
of the staton at Windsor.
Department of Entomology: The work of the entomology department
is divided into two phases: (1) research and (2) the administration of
inspection, quarantine and control operations. In the field of fruit insect
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 259
control, much effort was devoted to the development of new spray apparatus
for orchards. The conventional hydraulic machines are expensive of time
and equipment, the heavy vehicles pack the soil and an abundant water
supply is necessary. Preliminary experiments indicate that mist blowers
can be used effectively for this purpose in Connecticut giving as effective
pest control as the hydraulic sprayer at no increase in cost.
Another fruit study concerned the effect of various insecticides on
apple quality. It was found, for example, that there was a definite increase
in apple color when Thiram was substituted for Ferbam in the spray mix-
ture and that apples sprayed with a reduced amount of arsenicals and sul-
phur had better flavor. For some time the department has been interested
in the development of a non-arsenical spray program for Connecticut apple
orchards as the use of lead arsenate is deleterious in several ways. In
1950 complete control of all apple insects was obtained with a spray com-
bination from which lead arsenate was omitted. A perennial problem in the
orchard is the control of pine and meadow mice. Several new insecticides,
applied by spraying the ground beneath apple trees, have given promising
results in mouse control.
Specific controls for three pests of ornamentals were developed during
the past year. It was found that systemic phosphates, watered on the soil and
taken up by the roots to the internal portions of the plant, will protect roses
from injury by red spider mites from six months to one year. A compound
of this same type was found to be effective against the bulb mite which
sometimes is a serious pest of lily bulbs. The spruce mite has become a
serious pest of arborvitae in nurseries. It was found that applications of
Aramite will keep this pest well under control.
It is well known that the presence of benzene hexachloride in small
amounts in soil where potatoes are being grown cause an off flavor to be
present in the crop. This tainting of potatoes in any one field may persist
for two or three years. We have found that the application of 100 to 200
pounds of activated carbon removes the cause of off-flavor by the insecti-
cide. This, of course, makes it possible for potato growers to use contin-
uously the land concerned for potato culture.
Several studies in the general field of insecticidal action were con-
ducted. One of these concerns the effects of wetting agents used with nico-
tine sprays. It was found that the use of several of these compounds in-
creased the effectiveness of nicotine by causing better penetration of the
insecticide through the insect cuticle. Another study concerned the ways
in which particle size effects the toxicity of insecticides. In general, the
smaller the particle size, the more rapid is the insecticidal action of the
compound. The temperature at which the insects are held after exposure
to the insecticide affects the rapidity of action. The solubility of the com-
pound and the wax on the cuticle is also important in this respect.
We have also conducted studies in an attempt to find out why some
insects are more susceptible to poison than are others.
In connection with its duties of inspection, quarantine and control,
the department inspected and certified 344 nurseries for freedoom from
insect pests during 1950-51. A total of 2,277 apairies was inspected, and
it was found that only 2 2/10 per cent of the colonies were infected with
American foul brood. Appropriate control measures were undertaken in
260 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
these apairies. During the year, 318 European corn borer certificates were
issued for shipments of seed corn and 358 shipments of seed were cer-
tified for export to foreign countries. In addition, a large number of ship-
ments of materials were certified for freedom from the Japanese beetle and
the gypsy moth.
In connection with the gypsy moth control program we have completed
mapping one-third of the state. These typed maps of the forest areas have
particular reference to the susceptibility of stands to gypsy moth attack.
A defoliation survey uncovered an area in southern Berlin and northern
Meriden where 150 acres were seriously defoliated. About 2,400 acres in
this area were sprayed by helicopter and fixed wing plane this spring.
The helicopter was equipped with an atomizing device developed by this
department in cooperation with the forest insect division of the Federal
Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine.
The department inspected 65,655 acres of forest stands for blister rust
and 86,840 wild currant and gooseberry plants, which are hosts of the
disease, were destroyed. In gypsy moth control and white pine blister rust
control programs the division of forest insects also cooperated with this office.
In cooperation with the Fish and Game Commission and the Aeronua-
tics Commission, this department must inspect and certify areas where
insecticides are to be applied by aircraft. This was rather an extensive
operation in 1950-51. During the past year, more than 11,000 acres of
tobacco plantings alone were examined and certified.
The department directs the publication of a series of bulletins by the
Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey on the insects of Con-
necticut. During 1950 the fourth bulletin in this series, The Tabanidae of
Connecticut, written by Graham Fairchild, was published. The manuscript
for another bulletin covering the Fungivoridae, Heleidae and Tendepedidae
is in the hands of the survey and will be published in the near future.
During the year we received 542 specimens of insects about which the
senders requested information on the biology and control.
Department of Forestry: For many years this department has been
studying different methods and materials for use in prolonging the life of
wooden posts. A survey was made in 1950 of some 10,000 posts in use
along state highways. Several types of preservative treatments were in-
volved. It was found that after 10 years of service, posts pressure treated
with creosote or Wolman salts were in excellent condition as were posts
treated full length with creosote by the open-tank method. Posts which had
been given only a butt treatment with creosote in open tanks showed com-
plete failure in 50 per cent of the tops in ten years, although more than
70 per cent of the butts were still in good condition at the end of this
period. Superficial treatments, such as brushing, spraying or brief immer-
sion, resulted in total failure throughout, in 10 years.
The Connecticut Charcoal Kiln has aroused much interest since the
first report on it was published in 1946. Inquiries have indicated, however,
that operators were interested in kilns of larger capacity and, since 1948,
six kilns with capacities ranging from five to twelve cords have been put
into operation and a careful study made of them. Although the timing and
techniques of operation are quite different from those of the one and two
cord kilns, no obstacles of a serious nature were encountered and good
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 261
results were obtained in all cases. The yields of charcoal per cord of wood
averaged somewhat higher than those from the smaller kilns and approached
those obtained in much larger and more complicated apparatus.
Department of Genetics: Much interest has been aroused by the de-
velopment of a pollen-sterile type of corn which, when used in the pro-
duction of hybrid seed, eliminates the necessity for removing the tassels.
The operation of detasseling is costly and bothersome, requiring much
temporary labor at a critical time during the growing season. The use as
seed parents of plants, whose tassels produce no pollen and so may be left
in the plant, reduces injury by tassel pulling. The danger of contamination
from self-fertilization by failure to remove all the tassels at the proper
time is also greatly decreased. Many of the standard inbreds used as seed
parents have been converted to the sterile tassel type and several hybrid
seed corn producers are testing the process this year.
The discovery of a seed corn inbred possessing very high sugar con-
tent in its stalks has led to a new breeding program. The department is
attempting to transfer the high sugar characteristic to corn hybrids which
can be used for ensilage corn. In other parts of the country where the
growing season is longer this same type of corn may become an important
sugar plant. In some strains the sugar content equals that of sugar cane
and the corn plant is better adapted to machine culture than either sugar
cane or sugar beets and can be grown over a much wider area.
Glumeless corn is another recent development. Glumes are the hard
"chaff" at the base of corn kernels. Canneries must now cut the kernals
from the cob at quite a considerable distance from the ear to remove the
glumes. By eliminating the glumes, the canneries will get a higher yield
per ear, and be able to remove objectionable material more easily by
washing.
Other current vegetable breeding projects include work with cucum-
bers, squash, tomatoes, peas and snap beans. An extensive chestnut breed-
ing program is underway. Thirty years ago blight removed the native chest-
nut from Connecticut. While blight resistant trees of Oriental origin have
been grown successfully here, these are primarily nut trees, and have little
value as timber producers. By crossing Oriental species with the native
American chestnut, the department hopes to produce a tree which will be
valuable both for timber and as a nut producer.
Department of Plant Pathology: During the past year the department
became interested in a new phase of research in plants ; that of controlling
the growth of algae in inland waters in Connecticut, particularly in Lake
Zoar. While it is well known that copper sulfate will remove algae from
lakes and ponds, this compound will also decrease the population of insect
larvae upon which fish feed. A survey of the causes of algal blooms has
indicated that certain streams entering the lake bring high quantities of
phosphate and nitrate with them which have been traced to sewage dis-
posal plants in several cases. Elimination of phosphate from sewage has
been done successfully in other areas and further research on the process is
expected to continue next year.
It was found during the last year that crown gall, a serious bacterial
disease of tomatoes, apples, pears and a wide variety of other plants can be
controlled by exposure to gamma radiation. This work was done under the
262 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
station's contract with the Atomic Energy Commission. Crown gall closely
resembles cancer in animals and, like cancer, is the result of abnormal cell
growth. The affected plants are characterized by large unsightly galls or
masses of tissue on the surface. Plants first inoculated with the bacteria
which causes crown gall and then grown under continuous exposure to
radiation failed to develop gall. Non-irradiated plants which were inoculated,
invariably developed galls. Through further studies on the effect of radia-
tion on plants and plant diseases, we hope to learn more about the nature
of such plant problems and how to control them.
The station's work with chemotherapy and plant diseases continues to
show promise. Chemotherapeutants developed at this station are now in
commercial use in fighting Dutch elm disease. Fusarium wilt on carnations
was successfully controlled by chemotherapy in a commercial Connecticut
greenhouse in 1950. The pioneer part the station has played in the de-
velopment of this new method of plant disease control is demonstrated by
the fact that at the 1950 meeting of the American Phytopathological So-
ciety, four of the seven papers presented in the chemotherapy section were
from the Connecticut Station.
Department of Soils: Extensive studies have been conducted during
the past year on the use of wood chips and sewage sludge for increasing
the organic content of soils and improving soil structure. One of the
problems involved in the utilization of chips is the well known toxic effect
of such materials on crops. As wood chips decompose, soil organisms rob
the plant of nitrogen to aid in the decomposing process. By adding extra
nitrogen to the soil, it appears that this effect may be overcome and the soil
is benefitted from addition of these materials.
The increasing dependence upon chemical weed killers has tended to
mean less use of the cultivator for weed control. Recent research shows,
however, that aside from its merits in destroying weeds, cultivation
definitely steps up crop production by improving the structure of the soil.
Comparisons of corn grown where 2,4-D was used with other corn plots
which were cultivated, showed that, in general, the cultivated corn gave
higher yields. Cultivation evidently results in better aerated soil which
releases more nitrogen to the plants. It is known that protein content in-
creases directly as nitrogen content increases, so the food value of the
corn is also greater.
The soil survey of Connecticut is progressing. A total of 28,000 acres
of land in Hartford County was mapped during the year. That the in-
formation obtained by the survey will be useful to the people of Connecticut
is already indicated by requests for information received by the department.
Requests for data on the properties of soil and information on their use
hate been received from the New England-New York Inter-Agency Com-
mittee of the Federal Government, the Connecticut Department of Educa-
tion, and the National Resources Council of Connecticut. The town of
Windsor has requested information on the suitability of certain areas for
home sites and a similar request has been received from the New Haven
City Planning Commission.
Tobacco Laboratory: The tobacco laboratory at Windsor has initiated
an extensive research project on the curing of tobacco, in cooperation with
the Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station and the United States De-
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 263
partment of Agriculture. The work underway is divided into two distinct
categories : (a) basic research on the physiology and chemistry of the
curing process, and (b) applied research on design and construction of the
proper equipment for solving the growers' immediate problems in com-
mercial curing sheds. Although in operation for only one year, the new
project has been highly fruitful. The second phase of this work led to the
discovery that liquid petroleum gas is an excellent fuel for firing the tobacco
sheds. Artificial heat has been used for more than fifty years to improve
the cure and the conventional source has been charcoal briquets. It was
found that gas was superior to charcoal in that it was less expensive, re-
quired less labor for firing and resulted in better quality tobacco. Already
20 to 25 per cent of the shade acreage in the Valley is being cured with
gas instead of charcoal.
It's conventional practice to sterilize the soil in tobacco seed beds to
kill weed seeds, pathogenic fungi and insects. This has been done by a
variety of methods including steam sterilization and the use of chloropicrin.
In 1950 it was found that methyl bromide vaporized under a gas-proof
tarpaulin gave superior control of weeds and diseases, and' was much less
expensive than steam or chloropicrin.
For many years the tobacco laboratory has conducted a breeding pro-
gram aimed at producing shade tobacco strains of better quality, more
uniform color, larger yield and higher resistance to diseases. About five
years ago the best of these was distributed under the name of Connecticut
15 which is now the most extensively grown strain in the Connecticut
Valley. Within the last year another strain known as Connecticut 49 was
distributed to a few growers and was so favorably received that some
hundreds of acres of shade tent are being devoted to it this year. According
to expert opinion, Connecticut 49 has a better taste and is more elastic
than Connecticut 15 and is therefore better suited for cigar wrappers.
However, it does not have the high resistance to black root rot that char-
acterizes the older strain and we are attempting to improve it from this
standpoint.
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME
Established— 1866
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Section 4846 to Section 5020
Administrative head — Russell P. Hunter, Su-
perintendent
Deputy administrator — Roger C. Norling, Exec-
utive Assistant
Central office — State Office Building. Telephone 7-
6341, Ext. 2369
Average number of full-time employees — 80
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 — ■
Legislative appropriation, $684,300
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $582,785.81
Capital outlay, $29,216.95
Organization structure— Bureaus : Administration,
Game Restoration, Trout Restoration, Fisheries
Management, Law Enforcement
BOARD MEMBERSHIP
The board is made up of three members appointed by the Governor
for six-year terms. The present chairman is John P. Montgomery of
Mt. Carmel who is filling the unexpired term of F. L. Sheane until 1951.
Richard T. Cooke of Torrington serves until 1955, and Dr. John E.
Flaherty of Rockville completes a second term of appointment in 1953.
The superintendent appointed by the board is R. P. Hunter.
ADVISORY COUNCIL
The Advisory Council is a group of sportsmen which serves as a
liaison between the sportsmen and the Department. The council was first
organized in 1932 and has served continuously since that time. It meets
monthly with the department at the Hartford office or in the field. Two
members from each county serve four-year terms after election to member-
ship by the council. Three members-at-large serve three-year terms. The
present membership is :
Hartford County: Richard D. Pitney, South Glastonbury; Philip E.
Devnew, Granby.
264
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME 265
Litchfield County E. A. Ambler, New Milford; Henry J. Heiftje,
Torrington.
Middlesex County: William F. Petras, Middletown ; William Van
Vleck, Old Saybrook.
Fairfield County: John Kuliesh, Danbury; Howard Wilson, Norwalk.
Tolland County: George P. Hall, Woodstock Valley ; Leo Flaherty,
Rockville.
New Haven County: Charles Letson, Madison ; Dr. J. F. Quinn,
New Haven.
New London County: Dr. Willard J. Morse, New London; Leonard
Partridge, Norwich.
Windham County: Raymond D. Chamberlain, North Windham;
Henry Danielson, Putnam.
Members-At-Large are George Jones, Norwalk ; Kenneth Little, Rock-
ville; and Arthur Bissell, Suffield.
DIVISION OF ADMINISTRATION '
During the fiscal year 1950-1951, 108,456 hunting, trapping, and
angling licenses were accounted for as having been sold by town clerks.
Income from the sale of licenses by town clerks amounted to $425,146.
Fees collected by this division from the sale of commercial licenses, non-
resident hunting and angling licenses, duplicate hunting, angling and
trapping licenses, and miscellaneous permits amounted to $16,113.50.
Income from the sale of fishing licenses increased $21,166 during
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951. Income from the sale of hunting
licenses increased $2,924.
A financial report for the year ending June 30, 1951 follows:
DEPARTMENT INCOME AND EXPENDITURES
Fiscal Year 1950-1951
Means of Financing
Cash balance beginning of fiscal year :
Game Fund $ 29,706.12
Inland Fish Fund 55,281.04
Marine Fish Fund 3,553.34 $ 88,540.50
Receipts from sale of angling licenses and other sources :
Game Fund —
Hunting and trapping licenses $ 98,237.27
Combination hunting and angling licenses 53,146.50
Combination hunting, trapping and
angling licenses 7,671.33
Pittman-Robertson reimbursement 32,989.42
Game Breeders' licenses 1.310.00
Permits to kill deer 1,851.00
Permits to operate private shooting
preserves and to hold dog training trials 344.50
Fur buyers' licenses 229.00
Taxidermist licenses 145.00
Sale of confiscated venison 242.75
Sale of pheasant tags 832.45
266
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME
Miscellaneous
191.80
Transfers to fund
2,454.91
$199,645.93
Inland Fish Fund
Angling licenses
$209,685.73
Combination hunting and angling licenses
53,146.50
Combination hunting, trapping and
angling licenses
3,835.67
Inland commercial fishing licenses
783.00
Shad net registrations
875.00
Licenses to operate commercial hatcheries
155.00
Rental of boats
1,206.75
Refunds of expenditures
1,370.20
Miscellaneous
589.87
$271,647.72
218,357.02
$471,293.65
Appropriation from General Fund
Less restricted appropriations
50,100.43
$168,256.59
TOTAL CASH RESOURCES
$728,090.74
Expenditures
Game Fund
Law enforcement
$ 30,592.26
Game management
17,698.03
Pittman-Robertson projects
48,381.71
Purchase of game
90,391.41
Capital projects
3,485.85
Miscellaneous
4,526.35
$195,075.61
Inland Fish Fund
Law enforcement
$ 46,940.61
Operation of hatcheries
111,362.86
Purchase of fish
70,687.31
Fisheries management
24,576.16
Miscellaneous
2,918.43
$256,485.37
Marine Fish Fund
Law Enforcement
1,715.00
1,715.00
General Fund
Administration
41,862.09
Land and water acquisition
20,054.01
Law enforcement
74,395.20
Lobster restoration
16,305.10
Capital projects
4,247.21
Miscellaneous
1,863.17
$158,726.78
$612,002.76
Balances on hand at end of fiscal year:
Game Fund
$34,499.19
Inland Fish Fund
70,220.64
Marine Fish Fund
1,838.34
General Fund
9,529.81
$116,087.98
DIVISION OF WILDLIFE PROTECTION AND LAW
ENFORCEMENT
The authorized permanent, full-time positions in this division are
one chief warden, eight state wardens and twenty-six deputy wardens.
During the fiscal period two deputy warden vacancies occurred, which
have not been filled.
A function of the warden service, as directed by the fish and game
divisions, is the procurement, by lease or agreement, of hunting and fishing
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME 267
rights on privately controlled lands and waters. This program has been
in effect for many years and has resulted in making available to the
general public thousands of acres of hunting land and many of the streams
capable of providing trout fishing. When this program was originally
initiated it was board policy to employ special patrolmen, on a per diem
basis, during the hunting season on each of the regulated hunting areas,
and during the fishing season on the principal streams and ponds stocked
with trout. During the 1950 hunting season the employment of special
patrolmen was discontinued entirely. During the 1951 fishing season only
three special patrolmen were employed, two at the shad fishing area on
the Connecticut river at the Enfield Dam and one at West Hill Pond.
Arrests and Warnings: During the fiscal year the wardens made a
total of 187 arrests with 175, or 93 percent, resulting in convictions.
During this same period the division issued 761 warnings. Of the total
arrests 90 cases, or 48 percent, involved evasion of the license requirement
laws.
Marine Patrol: As required by statute, five deputy wardens were as-
signed to marine patrol during the period from July 1 to September 15.
During this assignment the remaining wardens take over the investigation
of complaints and other routine matters in the areas normally covered
by the deputies on marine patrol.
Hunting and Fishing Accidents: During 1950 only one person, a boy
fifteen years of age, was fatally injured in a hunting accident. Only one
fatal hunting accident occurred the previous year. This is a remarkable
record in view of the fact that during 1950 the department issued 50,
153 hunting and combination licenses. In addition, there are several thou-
sand landowners, and minors between the ages of twelve and sixteen years,
who hunt without the requirement of a license. During this same period
fishing accidents took the lives of eight men, all over the age of twenty-
one yea^s and all of whom were drowned. It would appear that safety
campaigns concerning the safe use of firearms are producing results, but
the hazards of small overcrowded boats on rough water need more pub-
licity. Non-fatal accidents reported by the wardens during 1950 totaled
fifteen persons injured in hunting accidents and two persons injured in
fishing accidents.
Deer Kill Investigations: During the fiscal year wardens investigated
the killing of 165 deer from the following causes: 87 by automobile, 44
by gunshot, 9 by dogs, 5 accidental, 4 injured, 2 by train, 2 by drowning,
and 1 1 from unassigned causes.
DIVISION OF GAME RESTORATION
Game Purchase and Distribution:
Fiscal Year 1950-1951
Pheasants Cocks Hens Total Cost
During season (dept. regular)
15,692
14,619
30,311
$71,967.24
Post season (dept. regular)
61
369
430
1,075.00
Six-Weeks program
4,554
4,906
9,460
10,542.96
Cooperative liberation
(Department's share)
164
155
319
759.22
268
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME
Spring, 1951
Regular spring (dept. regular)
Six-Weeks program
Cooperative liberation
(Department's share)
Quail liberation (dept. regular)
Cooperative liberation (dept.'s share)
Cooperative raccoon liberation
Cooperative rabbit liberation
> 178
1,537
1,715
3,233.63
20
65
85
191.49
48
210
258
487.62
20,717
21,861
42,578
$88,257.16
1,000
1,500.00
50
100.00
102
513.25
7
21.00
$90,391.41
During the past twelve years the purchase and inspectipn of pheasants
was carried on wholly by the Game Divison. With the inauguration of
the six-weeks-old pheasant program with sportsmen's clubs, the increased
use of airplanes in dispensing insecticides and an effort to enlarge the
waterfowl program, less time has been available for the inspection of game
farms. This year the warden service is making periodic inspections of the
game farms in their districts holding pheasant contracts. This aid from the
warden service now allows the game division to concentrate its inspection
work at farms where disease and other losses are most prevalent, and
provides more time for other duties.
Pheasant Diseases: Pheasants are not ordinarily highly susceptible to
the common poultry diseases. In recent years as many as fifty pheasant
farms (involving perhaps 7,500 birds), have had their breeding stock
tested for pullorum. The number of positive cases in all these tests was
less than 20 birds. Newcastle disease, infectous bronchitis, and laryngo-
tracheitis has yet to be isolated in Connecticut pheasant flocks. Heavy
losses have occurred on four occasions on Connecticut pheasant farms
from botulism and fowl cholera.
It has been observed in the six-weeks-old pheasant program that many
of the club pens are now heavily infested with tapeworm and that these
parasites become quite a factor during wet periods in the rearing seasons.
The parasites actually cause some losses as well as being a contributing
factor to feather picking or cannibalism. One of our problems is to devise a
means of control of this parasite.
Six-Wecks-Old Pheasant Program: The following table summarizes
the first five years of the six-weeks-old pheasant program with sportsmen's
clubs :
SUMMARY OF SIX-WEEKS-OLD PHEASANT PROGRAM
Percent
Number
Total
raised
Number
of birds Total
number
and
Average
of
purchased cost
birds
liberated Total
cost
cooper-
and of
raised
of total cost
per
ating
delivered birds
and
number to
bird
Year
clubs
to clubs purchased
liberated
received dept.
liberated
1946
23
8,238 $11,264.20
6,728
81.7 $11,708.70
$1.74
1947
37
12,635 16,181.75
10,456
82.8 16,793.75
1.61
1948
32
11,435 14,136.25
9,251
80.9 11,868.25
1.61
1949
34
10,695 11,607.80
9.217
86.2 11,796.80
1.28
1950
34
11,020 10,649.45
9,545
86.6 10,734.45
1.12
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME 269
Cooperative Programs: The numbers of sportsmen's organizations
participating in cooperative programs with the game division has now
increased to fifty-nine (59). In some instances, the division's contribu-
tions toward these programs is supplying stock and materials ; in other
programs, field work and planning is the department's share.
The following table lists the types of cooperative programs, the num-
bers of clubs taking part in a program, and the approximate cost to the
department for stock and materials :
Number of Clubs Approximate
Programs participating cost
Cooperative pheasant liberation 2 132.00
Cooperative pheasant liberation field trials 14 1,103.00
Winter feeding program 11 325.00
Cooperative raccoon liberation 5 425.00
Tree and shrub planting program 15 630.00
Six-Weeks-Old pheasant program 34 10,733.00
Regulated shooting program 35 2,542.00*
Grain planting program 2 36.00
Waterfowl restoration 2 393.00
Cooperative rabbit redistribution 1 51.00
Regulated private shooting preserves 9 1,050.00
(income)**
130 $1,050.00 $16,370.00
—1,050.00
$15,320.00
*Does not include pheasant stocking.
**This income derived from permits and tags.
Hunting Grounds: The department controls the hunting rights on
approximately 314,000 acres of land by three methods: ownership, paid
lease and written agreement. This acreage represents nearly 10 percent
of the state's total area.
The state-owned properties are of two categories : Department-owned
waterfowl areas and forest game lands in state forests. Private land hunt-
ing rights are leased usually for a four-year period at 10 cents per acre
per year. These leases at present are costing the department approxi-
mately $6,300 annually. The hunting rights on state permit-required or
stale-regulated shooting areas are acquired by written agreements with
landowners at no cost to the department.
Regulated Shooting: Ordinarily, sportsmen's organizations obtain the
regulated shooting agreements from the local landowners. These agree-
ments may be terminated on thirty days' written notice by either party.
In the terms of the agreement, the state is to provide posting, patrol,
stocking and a permit system to control the hunting pressure in return
for the hunting rights. The numbers of regulated shooting areas (39) has
remained fairly constant in recent years; however, the total acreage under
agreement has decreased steadily since 1945. This decrease in acreage is
thought to be the result of greater urbanization of our agricultural areas
and a change in policy which discontinued the use of part-time patrolmen
during the hunting season on these areas.
Aircraft Spraying: Fewer permits were issued for spraying agricul-
tural crops by airplane this summer than in 1950. More permits were is-
270 BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME
sued for spraying marshlands as means of controlling mosquitoes. New-
legislation makes it necessary that the Mosquito board file a copy of the
spray plan and marshland to be treated with spray in the town clerk's
office and publish a copy of such an order each week for two weeks in
newspapers having a circulation in the towns in which spraying is to
be done.
PITTMAN-ROBERTSON PROGRAM
Development work has been carried out on four projects. Forest
operations, with the cooperation of the Park and Forest Department,
have improved conditions for game on plantation areas on Meshomasic,
Nye-Holman and Nipmuck State Forests. Work has continued on the
Larson Lot Beagle Trial Area in Colchester to add suitable food and
cover for cottontail rabbits.
Connecticut's share of the Federal Excise Tax on sporting arms and
ammunition which finances three-quarters of the cost of this program was
$43,367.58 for the fiscal year 1950-1951. A substantial increase is ex-
pected for the coming fiscal year.
DIVISION OF FISH RESTORATION
Twenty-two thousand, one hundred sixty-nine adult and 35,950 finger-
ling warm water fishes were distributed in Connecticut lakes and ponds.
These fish were purchased from commercial fishermen and salvaged in the
draining of ponds.
Five million pike perch eggs were received from the New York Con-
servation department from which 4,750,000 fry were hatched and dis-
tributed in Candlewood Lake.
Twenty-four thousand smallmouth bass fry, collected in coopera-
tion with the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service at Wangum Lake, Litchfield
county, were distributed in suitable lakes and ponds.
Two rearing pools at Kensington Hatchery w'ere stocked with small-
mouth bass fry and produced 2,263 fingerlings. Smallmouth bass were
recovered from the pools and were distributed in lakes and ponds. Seven
thousand largemouth bass fry and 5,000 fingerlings were purchased and
released in lakes and ponds.
The replacing of fresh water and sewer lines at the Burlington
Hatchery has been completed. A pool at Punch Brook, formerly used to
rear warm water fishes, has been rebuilt and is now being used for trout
rearing. Another pool of this type will be rebuilt and used for trout rearing
in the near future.
Beaver Brook 'Rearing station, Franklin, was closed November 30,
1950. Attempts to locate a sufficient water supply for the operation of a
trout rearing station were unsuccessful.
Fourth stage lobsters totaled 507,000. Adult lobsters returned to Con-
necticut waters after hatching off fry totaled 1,294.
Commercial fishermen reported that 18,000,000 pounds of fish were
caught in 1950 valued at $3,500,000. The value of boats and gear was esti-
mated as $2,000,000.
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME 271
LABORATORY MARINE INVESTIGATIONS
During the year 1950-1951 the study of the marine fishes of the
Southern New England waters was continued through cooperation with
the Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory, Yale University.
Most fisheries investigations concentrate on a single species of fish,
and such studies are usually undertaken only when the stock shows signs
of depletion and the fishermen, commercial or sports as the case may be,
become alarmed at the prospects for the future. Investigations of this sort
have two serious defects. First, the fish is not studied in relation to the
community as a whole — i.e., in relation to other species with which it
competes for food, etc. Second, the stock is only studied after man has
made sizeable inroads on the population and perhaps upset its normal
balance with other species in the area — i.e., it is only studied when the
population is under abnormal conditions.
For the past few years the staff of the Bingham Laboratory has cen-
tered its attention on the fishes taken by the Connecticut trawl fishermen
in the Block and Long Island Sound area. It has acquired a detailed knowl-
edge of the composition of the population of these demersal fishes both
by species and by season, and the life histories of the more prominent
species are beginning to be known rather thoroughly. Furthermore, the
bottom fauna of invertebrates has been studied in great detail, as have
the feeding habits of the various fishes. The investigation is, therefore, in
the nature of a study of population dynamics. As such, the knowledge
accumulated is of considerable practical value since it enables prediction
of such things as total annual poundage available, the effect of intensive
fishery for one species on the rest of the population, etc.
In the past year particular attention has been paid to the two most
prominent species in the "trash" element of the catch, the longhorn sculpin
and the little skate. The life histories of both these fishes and their relation-
ships to the rest of the population are now known for the first time.
Work on the skate has not yet been published, but the reader is referred
to "The Biology of the Longhorn Sculpin, Myoxocephalus octodceim-
spinosus Mitchell, with a Discussion of the Southern New England 'Trash'
Fishery" by James E. Morrow (Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic
Collection, Vol. XIII, Article 2, pp. 1-89, Feb., 1951) as an example
of the researches here reported. This and other reprints are available on
request to the Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory, Box 2025, Yale Sta-
tion, New Haven, Connecticut.
DIVISION OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
Stream Leasing: The stream leasing program has expanded steadily
through the years until at the present time the state holds leases on thirty-
five streams and these leased sections total over 118 miles of stream bank.
The cost of this program in 1950 was $2,986.13, or an annual average of
$25.30 per stream bank mile.
The mileage of streams owned by the state has never been determined
accurately; neither do we know exactly how much mileage is controlled
through cooperative agreement with property owners. There is an addi-
tional small mileage which is state-controlled through ownership of per-
272 BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME
manent fishing easements. The total of state-controlled stream bank under
the various arrangements mentioned above is in the neighborhood of 200
miles.
Connecticut holds a few permanent fishing easements on streams al-
though some states, notably New York, have a sizeable acquisition pro-
gram of this nature. It is not always possible to buy fishing rights, but
wherever the opportunity presents itself, this type of acquisition should be
substituted for short-term leases. There are several streams in the state
such as the Hockanum River which are potentially good trout streams
were it not for the fact that they are grossly polluted. Right now, fishing
rights on such streams have little or no value.
Stocking: The following tabulations show the number, species, size
and poundage of trout stocked by the department in 1950 and 1951. The
1950 figures are for that calendar year; the 1951 figures cover trout
stocking between the dates of January 1, 1951 and September 1, 1951.
Some additional plants of fingerling trout and yearling rainbows will be
made during the remainder of 1951. However, since the bulk of the trout
which will be liberated in 1951 were stocked in the spring of 1951, it was
felt desirable to include the figures in this form in the interest of presenting
current information.
SUMMARY OF TROUT PLANTED DURING THE
CALENDAR YEAR 1950
Fry-
Brook trout
Brown trout
Fingerlings
Brook trout
Brown trout
Rainbow trout
Adults
Brook trout — 1 yr.
Brook trout — 2 yr.
Brown trout — 1 yr.
Brown trout — 2 yr.
Rainbow trout — 2 yr.
Total 954,867 111,950
SUMMARY OF TROUT PLANTED JANUARY 1, 1951
TO SEPTEMBER 1, 1951
Fry No. of Trout No. of Lbs.
Brook trout 230,000 43
Brown trout 81,000 53
Fo. of Trout
201,050
117,347
No. of Lbs
50
36
318,397
166,862
95,240
29,612
86
2,428
1,505
155
291,714
163,952
32,057
1,365
96,211
51,171
4,085
33,443
12,337
180
42,389
19,430
344,756
107,779
311,000 96
BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME 273
213,840
82,840
1,399
246
296,680
1,645
58,705
52,852
12,375
101,464
4,185
9,770
21,620
1,224
44,469
153
56,624
23,124
286,205
100,360
Fingerlings
Brook trout
Brown trout
Adults
Brook trout — 1 yr.
Brook trout — 2 yr.
Brown trout — 1 yr.
Brown trout — 2 yr.
Rainbow trout — 1 yr.
Rainbow trout — 2 yr.
Total 893,885 102,101
Although this section is devoted to trout streams and although not
all trout are stocked in streams, it seemed desirable to present here the
complete stocking figures. In 1950, 274,586, or 79.65 percent of the adult
trout and 92.6 percent of the fingerling trout were stocked in streams.
In 1951 (to September 1) 71 percent of the adult trout and 93.3 percent
of the fingerlings were stocked in streams ; the remainder in each year were
planted in lakes and ponds.
Previously we gave figures on population and license sales increases
between 1930 and 1950 which showed that during that twenty-year period
population increased 68 percent and the number of licensed anglers in-
creased nearly 100 percent. In this same period of time the stocking of
trout more than kept pace with increased angling pressure. In 1930 the
department stocked 220,379 adult and 275,449 fry and fingerling trout.
In 1950 the department stocked 344,756 adult and 610,111 fry and finger-
ling trout. These figures show the increase in numbers of trout released.
However, poundage of trout is a better standard than numbers for com-
paring the increase in the trout program. In 1930 the total weight of
adult trout stocked was 37,408 pounds ; in 1950 the total weight of adult
trout liberated was 107,779 pounds. In other words, the poundage was
nearly tripled.
After the war there was a steady increase in license sales and this
meant added revenue for fish work. More specifically, it meant more
money for trout stocking. Hatchery expansion could not keep pace with
the increase in revenue, so it became the practice of the department to
buy trout on the open market. In 1950 the Department purchased 60,915
pounds of legal size trout which represented 54 percent of the total pound-
age liberated. In 1951 (up to August 23) 52,799 pounds, or 52 percent
were purchased.
The Lakes and Ponds: There has been, in recent years, a tendency to
extend the trout stocking to cover many lakes and ponds. For example,
in 1945 twenty lakes received trout, in 1946 and 1947 the number was
nineteen, in 1948 it was thirty-four, in 1949 it was forty-one, in 1950 it
was forty-eight, and in 1951 fifty-two such areas were stocked.
Special Fishing Areas: This department has a long history of pro-
viding or sponsoring areas where those with specialized fishing interests
could enjoy their sport. Connecticut was the first state to provide an
274 BOARD OF FISHERIES AND GAME
area for the exclusive use of women anglers. In 1933 a section of the
Branford River was set aside for women and has been so restricted to
the present. In 1937 the first "children's pond" was established at Meriden.
It is thought that this was the first such area in the country and the idea
of providing fishing areas for children near large centers of population
has been widely copied by other states. Presently Connecticut has thirty-
four ponds and streams stocked and restricted to this use.
In 1946 a state-owned section of the Blackledge River near Marl-
borough was set aside for the use of disabled veterans. Special fishing
benches and wheel chair ramps were constructed on the stream bank; a
tackle house and picnicking facilities were provided. Fishing in this area
is restricted to those veterans whose disabilities are such that they could
not fish for trout without the special facilities provided.
The department has restricted a total of eight stream sections and
ponds for the exclusive use of fly fishermen. Some of these areas, such
as the Francis L. Sheane Memorial area at Cornwall Bridge, were de-
partmental projects. However, most of them have been established at the
request of local sportsmen, usually as a condition for permitting public
fishing — as for example, on the Yantic River.
SHELL FISH COMMISSION
jst&sBmtaaeBsgGSBSSSsaiasmfsmmKim
Established— 1881
Statutory authority — Chapter 247
Administrative head — Commissioner James A.
Gilmore, Chairman
r^r Deputy administrator — Margaret M. Casey, Clerk
of Shell Fisheries
Central office — 185 Church Street, New Haven;
Telephone, New Haven 5-9181
Average number of full-time employees — 5
Organization structure — New Haven : Administra-
tion and Engineering Divisions ; Milford : Activi-
ties of State Boat
There are 50,000 acres of oyster production grounds in the tidal waters
of Connecticut under the jurisdiction of the Shell Fish Commission.
The Commissioners are James A. Gilmore, chairman, of Bridgeport ;
Arthur R. Beach of New Haven ; and Dr. John S. Rankin, Jr. of Warren-
ville. They are appointed by the Governor for terms of four years.
Heaton R. Robertson of New Haven, who has been employed by the
commission for over thirty-three years as engineer, retired in June because
of ill health. His position has been filled by W. Flanders Smith of Branford,
formerly connected with the State Highway Department for the past twenty
years.
The engineer surveys and maps the oyster beds and adjacent waters,
sets and maintains buoys and signals, figures sextant readings by triangu-
lation for the purpose of locating corners of oyster beds, and at times must
resort to title searching to establish the corners.
The Clerk of the Commission, Margaret M. Casey, is responsible for
the recording of deeds and leases, preparation of tax assessment lists, and
the collection of taxes, rents, fees, and licenses.
On the water front at Milford, the Commission maintains grounds,
buildings, a dock and a Diesel-powered work boat 64 feet long. The total
275
276 SHELL FISH COMMISSION
estimated value of the properties is $74,000. The Agency's boat, the "Shell
Fish," is used in the surveying, triangulation, and examination of grounds ;
for setting buoys and markers ; patrolling Connecticut waters to detect vio-
lation of the laws governing shell fisheries ; and in research work on oyster
culture in cooperation with the U. S. Biological Laboratory at Milford. The
boat is manned by Captain Joseph W. Luachor ; a Marine Engineman ; and
a Deckhand.
The Commissioners supervise all activities and operations ; lease and
assess oyster grounds ; pass upon the transfer of leases ; designate spawning
beds ; act upon all claims or questions which may be presented ; and ap-
points Shell Fish Policemen, who are authorized to arrest violators of the
Shell Fish laws.
During the past year extra meetings were held by the Commissioners
with owners of oyster grounds in New Haven Harbor, and representatives
of the Dredging Company under contract to the State Highway Depart-
ment, to obtain fill for the completion of their project on the relocation of
Route U.S. 1, in an effort to have the franchise rights of the oystermen
recognized and protected. The oystermen were greatly disturbed by the
plans of the dredging company to obtain fill from oyster beds without no-
tice to or consent from the owners, and the proposed use of hydraulic
pumps, which would spread silt over the beds and jeopardize the set. A
satisfactory agreement between the oyster growers and the dredging com-
pany was finally effected, after injunction proceedings had been filed by
the growers against the dredging firm.
The oystermen were particularly upset because of the extensive damage
they had already suffered from the severe coastal storm of November 25,
1950. This storm is generally considered a major catastrophe to the indus-
try. With the exception of a few well protected sections, the oysters of Long
Island Sound were shifted far from their beds and covered with mud and
debris. Because of this disaster, and the fact that there has been no set of
commercial value for several years, the industry's supply of marketable
oysters at the present time is the lowest in over twenty-five years.
SHELL FISH BOARD OF TAX REVIEW
The Shell Fish Board of Tax Review consists of three members ap-
pointed by the Governor, at least one of whom shall have had a practical
experience in the planting and cultivation of shell-fish. This Board has
the same powers and duties conferred upon boards of tax review of towns,
and meet at the office of the Shell Fish Commission on the first Tuesday
of September, annually, and may adjourn from time to time to a day not
later than the fourth Tuesday of the following month, on or before which
time it shall complete its duties. Compensation: $10.00 per meeting. Mem-
bers of the present Board and the year in which their respective terms ex-
pire are: David Waterbury, Stamford, 1953; Daniel Merriman, New
Haven, 1955; and Ralph Keeney, Somers, 1957.
WATER COMMISSION
FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER POLICY
COMMISSION
BOARD FOR SUPERVISION OF DAMS
■Tmnrfrmrrninm mm
-^e*^vJ«t3fcO«r?af7^a(t^^^7*''^T^-*^r*y»
8jwasw5*K
Established — Water Commission, 1925 ; Flood Con-
trol and Water Policy Commission, 1939 ; Board
for Supervision of Dams, 1939
Statutory authority — Water Commission — Chapter
195 ; Flood Control and Water Policy Commis-
sion— Chapter 166; Board for Supervision of
Dams — Chapter 240.
Administrative head — Richard Martin, Director
Central office — State Office Building, Hartford,
Room 317; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 2341
Average number full-time employees — 9
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $80,832 ; Federal grant,
$12,000
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951— $91, 457 A9
WATER COMMISSION
Edward J. McDonough, Chairman
Herman P. Kopplemann
G. Albert Hill— to May 31, 1951
George C. Waldo — from June 1, 1951
Term Expires
1953
1955
1957
FLOOD CONTROL AND WATER POLICY COMMISSION
Sanford H. Wadhams, Chairman Indefinite Term
Richard Martin, Secretary
George L. Burke
Edward J. McDonough
James A. Newlands
277
278 WATER COMMISSION
BOARD FOR SUPERVISION OF DAMS
Richard Martin, Chairman Indefinite Term
Henry W. Buck, Secretary June 30, 1956
Howard J. Duge June 30, 1952
Benjamin A. Palmer June 30, 1953
Paul J. James June 30, 1954
Vincent B. Clarke June 30, 1955
The work of the Water Commission, the Board for Supervision of
Dams and the Flood Control and Water Policy Commission is performed
by one staff. The expenses of all are paid from the Water Commission
appropriation.
QUANTITY OF WATER ABOVE NORMAL
The quantity of Connecticut's surface water and ground water were
above normal throughout the year.
Continuous inventories are made in cooperation with the United States
Geological Survey. Connecticut's share of the cost for the year was $16,900.
WATER POLLUTION
During the year two plants to treat approximately 40,000,000 gallons
of sewage per day were completed and put into operation by the city of
Bridgeport. A plant to treat 1,500,000 gallons of sewage per day was
completed and put into operation by the town of Plainville. Stratford
completed construction of preliminary units as part of its program for
replacement of an existing municipal sewage treatment plant. West Haven
completed and put into operation at its sewage plant additional sludge
handling facilities.
Municipal sewage treatment plants in Waterbury and Fairfield were
nearly completed at the end of the year. In New Haven a third municipal
sewage treatment plant was nearly finished but its operation will be delayed
until constructon of an under-river syphon, a trunk sewer and an outfall
sewer. Construction of additional facilities at the Norwalk municipal sewage
treatment plant was started. Construction of industrial waste treatment
plants by United Aircraft in East Hartford and the Lydall & Foulds and
Colonial Board paper mills, Manchester, were started and nearly com-
pleted. A number of smaller industrial waste and sewage treatment plants
were built.
Detailed plans and specifications were approved for construction of
a second sewage treatment plant in Milford and a sewage treatment plant
in Portland for additions to the West Side sewage treatment plant in
Middletown, for a sewage treatment plant in East Hartford and for inter-
ceptor sewers to eliminate the remaining sources of sewage pollution in
New London.
The Commission ordered the cities of Norwich, Ansonia, Derby and
Shelton to proceed with the construction of sewage treatment plants in
accordance with plans previously approved by the Commission.
The status of pollution abatement is indicated in the following table
of volumes, in million-gallons-per-day, of domestic sewage and industrial
wastes discharged into coastal and inland waters with and without treat-
ment for reduction of pollution.
WATER COMMISSION 279
MILLION GALLONS PER DAY
Coastal Waters
Inlan<
I Waters
Treated
Untreated
Treated
Untreated
Total
Domestic Sewage
91.95
1.04
87.63
17.33
197.95
Industrial Wastes
Plating
3.25
3.10
2.63
24.00
32.98
Paper
3.60
0.00
3.38
20.00
26.98
Textile
0.95
0.00
5.80
19.25
26.00
Brass and Copper
0.00
2.75
0.00
15.75
18.50
Chemical
0.00
0.00
1.00
2.70
3.70
Machining
0.00
0.00
0.26
2.40
2.66
Iron & Steel
0.05
0.50
0.20
1.75
2.50
Hats
0.80
0.00
0.15
1.25
2.20
Other
0.50
0.00
2.33
2.26
5.09
Total
101.10
7.39
103.38
106.69
318.56
The cost of municipal sewage systems yet to be built is about $23,000,-
000 and the cost of industrial waste treatment plants required is $22,000,000.
Laboratory research in methods of treating various types of indus-
trial wastes discharged into Connecticut waterways was performed at the
Hall Laboratory of Chemistry, Wesleyan University; Department of
Chemical Engineering, Yale University and the Schools of Chemistry and
Civil Engineering at the University of Connecticut. Analytical work was
done by the Hall Laboratory of Chemistry. The cost of all laboratory work
was $26,823.61.
Several cities and towns established sewer authorities under Chapter
33a of the 1949 General Statutes prepared and sponsored by the Water
Commission to give all municipalities broad home-rule authority to con-
struct, maintain, operate and finance sewage systems.
Vermont and New Hampshire, both in the Connecticut River Valley,
ratified the New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Compact.
Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts and New York previously had
done so.
ALGAL INFESTATION IN LAKE ZOAR
The field and laboratory investigation to determine causes of the
serious algal infestation of Lake Zoar was continued in cooperation with
the Agricultural Experiment Station, the Board of Fisheries and Game
and the Department of Health without the benefit of additional funds for
the purpose. At the end of the year, however, the General Assembly ap-
propriated $25,000 for construction of a "pilot plant" to test further a
method developed in the laboratory for control of the algal growths.
NATURAL RESOURCES SURVEY
In October, 1950, President Truman requested the New England
Governors and the Governor of New York to appoint non-voting repre-
sentatives to a New England-New York Federal Inter-Agency committee
created by him to study forest, soil, mineral and water resources of the
region. Governor Bowles designated Dr. Stephen K. Bailey of Wesleyan
University with the Director of the Water Commission as assistant. Sub-
sequently, Dr. Bailey resigned and the Director succeeded him.
280 WATER COMMISSION
The Committee met in Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York and
New Hampshire and held a public hearing in Massachusetts. Other meet-
ings and public hearings will be held in each of the other states.
The Connecticut Committee appointed by the Connecticut state rep-
resentative to cooperate in the study consists of: Dr. C. L. W. Swanson,
Director, Soils Division, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station ;
Floyd M. Callward, Extension Forester, College of Agriculture, Uni-
versity of Connecticut ; W. Foster Schreeder, State Forester, State Park
and Forest Commission ; Joseph A. Ward, Director, Soil Conservation
Division, State Department of Farms and Markets ; John J. Curry, Senior
Engineer, State Flood Control and Water Policy Commission ; Dr. Russell
P. Hunter, Superintendent, State Board of Fisheries and Game ; Dr. John
S. Rankin, Jr., Biologist, University of Connecticut and Member of State
Shellfish Commission ; Dr. Joe Webb Peoples, Geologist, Wesleyan Uni-
versity and member of the State Geological and Natural History Survey
Commission ; Elmer R. Coburn, Director, Research and Planning Division,
State Development Commission ; Warren J. Scott, Director, Bureau of
Sanitary Engineering, State Department of Health ; William S. Wise, Chief
Engineer, State Water Commission ; Elmer C. Nue'sse, Chief Engineer,
State Public Utilities Commission ; Elliott P. Bronson, Superintendent of
Parks, State Park and Forest Commission and Dr. William L. Slate, former
Director, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station.
The Connecticut Committee hopes to prepare comprehensive state-
ments as to quantities of our natural resources, the extent to which they are
being utilized and the opportunities for greater use through better hus-
bandry.
FLOOD CONTROL
The Connecticut River Flood Control Compact adopted by Connecticut
in 1949 was revised to meet objections raised by the Ways and Means
Committee of the Massachusetts legislature and was reenacted by the
General Assembly. The revised compact was also ratified by Vermont
and New Hampshire. Similar action had not been taken in Massachusetts
at the time of writing.
A tentative report on forest management and soil conservation prac-
tices in the Connecticut River Valley as related to water resources was
extensively rewritten by the United States Department of Agriculture and
will be submitted shortly to the Governors of Connecticut and the other
states in the valley for their comments.
No formal action has been taken by the state as yet on a compre-
hensive flood control program submitted by the United States Corps of
Engineers in 1947 proposing a number of additional storage reservoirs in
the Connecticut River Basin in Vermont and New Hampshire.
The Mansfield Hollow Flood Control Dam on the Nachaug River
was nearly completed by the United States. Similar flood control dams on
the Willimantic River at South Coventry, the Hop River at Andover
' and the Naugatuck River at Thomaston have also been authorized by the
Congress but to date the state has refrained from giving its approval for
their construction. Such approval is not required under federal law but it
is unlikely that the dams will be built unless the state is willing.
WATER COMMISSION 281
HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER
The status of the proposed Enfield Rapids hydro-electric and naviga-
tion dam in the Connecticut River is essentially the same as a year ago.
The Connecticut Light and Power Company has applied to the Federal
Power Commission for a license to undertake the project essentially in
accordance with plans prepared by the Corps of Engineers and approved
by the state.
The Connecticut Light and Power Company requested preliminary
consideration of plans for the construction of a hydro-electric dam on the
Housatonic River, a short distance downstream from the confluence with
the Shepaug River.
LITIGATION
The Hearing Commissioner of the United States Court of Claims rec-
ommended that the Court award $6,399.56 to the H. J. Lewis Oyster
Company of Bridgeport for damages alleged to have been caused by the
federal improvement of Bridgeport Harbor, Connecticut.
No further action was forthcoming from the State Courts in the
matter of the order issued five years ago to Matson Mill, Inc. of South
Glastonbury to treat its industrial wastes before discharge into Roaring
Brook.
SHORE AND BEACH EROSION
Surveys of additional areas were completed in the comprehensive beach
erosion study of the entire Connecticut shore by the U. S. Corps of Engi-
neers and the State Water Commission. A severe storm in November 1950
did very considerable damage to some sections of the Connecticut shore.
Prevention measures recommended in the cooperative shore and beach
erosion prevention study but not yet constructed would have prevented
these damages. Construction of a jetty at Jennings Beach, Fairfield, was
completed during the year, the cost being shared equally by the state
and the town.
PERMITS ISSUED
Forty-four applications were received for state approval of plans for
construction of dams. Many were for small farm-ponds developed through
the cooperation of the soil conservation service. All were relatively small.
Fifty-one applications for state permits for encroachments and ob-
structions in navigable waterways were received. Most of them were of
local concern.
MISCELLANEOUS
Inasmuch as pollution and water supply aspects of the proposed steel
mill in Connecticut were potential problems of the department, the Director
was named by the Governor as a member of the committee to study com-
munity adjustment aspects of the proposal.
282 WATER COMMISSION
Windsor Locks became the first municipality to act under Section 708
of the General Statutes, authorizing local governments to establish building
lines along waterways.
The new aerial map of the entire state, made possible by an allotment
from the Governor's contingency fund and in cooperation with the Pro-
duction Market Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture, will,
when finished, be of great value in water resources investigaton and de-
velopment.
The Director of the State Water Commission was appointed by the
Governor as Chairman of the State Commission on Intergovernmental
Cooperation.
Willis J. Snow of New London, senior sanitary engineer, completed
25 years of service with the State Water Commission.
CONNECTICUT DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION
Established— July 1, 1939
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 161
Administrative head — Sidney A. Edwards, Man-
aging Director
Central office — State Office Bldg., Room 475 ;
Telephone 7-6341- Ext. 704
Average number of full-time employees — 33
Organisation structure — Administrative Division,
Sidney A. Edwards, Managing Director ; Com-
merce Division, Frederick P. Grimley, Director;
Industrial Division, Stephen P. Hackley, Direc-
tor; Public Relations Division, Donald D. Parry,
Director ; Research and Planning Division, Elmer
R. Coburn, Director
In substance the duty of the Connecticut Development Commission,
is that of preserving, stabilizing and developing the economy of Connecti-
cut by every means proper for a state agency. Since this is one of the most
highly industrialized states in the nation, with more than half of the gain-
fully employed directly dependent upon manufacturing industry, effort must
be concentrated on this aspect of the state's economy.
The Communist attack upon Korea which took place just prior to the
beginning of the fiscal period, caused tremendous changes in the economic
outlook nationally, and particularly in Connecticut which has the highest
concentration of war industries of any state. During the fiscal year total
employment in the state increased 11% but employment gains were con-
centrated in the larger plants ; and small industries, which account for about
43% of the manufacturing employment, were severely handicapped by re-
strictions on raw materials, the imposing of emergency controls, and other
dislocating factors.
In view of these dislocations, created by an economy which was neither
that of total war nor normal peace, the Development Commission centered
its -energies on aid to small business, particularly in the direction of convert-
ing to the production of war goods. At the same time, the Commission con-
283
284 CONNECTICUT DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION'
tinued its long-range programs for economic development of the state in-
cluding trade development for existing industries, promotion of seasonal
travel business for recreation areas, and continued efforts to attract new
industries to communities which need and welcome such industries.
AID TO SMALLER INDUSTRIES
On the basis of its experience in dealing with the problems of small
industry in a war economy before and during World War II, the Com-
mission recognized the fact that the continued prosperity, and even the
continued existence of many small industries, demanded their participation
in the production of war goods. The advice of leading Connecticut indus-
trialists confirmed the view that smaller manufacturers could best engage
in defense production as sub-contractors, producing manufactured parts and
services needed by larger firms holding government contracts, rather than
by seeking direct contracts with government procurement agencies.
With these facts in mind, the Commission set up a practical ten-point
program designed to channel information to small industries and to aid
them in participating in the increased production which was certain to come
to Connecticut.
When W. H. Harrison, administrator of the National Production
Administration, requested the establishment of a Governor's Commission on
Small Business in Connecticut, in February 1951, the program of the De-
velopment Commission, which had already been set in operation, made it
unnecessary to establish this new separate agency and the Development
Commission was designated by the Governor as the official state agency
to coordinate activities with the Federal government in this field. By this
action valuable time was saved in the important work of converting to war
production and the cost to the State of establishing a totally new agency
was avoided. Closer contacts were developed with various government pro-
curement agencies and the Commission also served as the liaison agency in
Connecticut with members of both the House and Senate committees on
Small Business when hearings were held in Connecticut.
REGISTER OF WAR PRODUCTION FACILITIES
One of the first steps in the ten-point program for aiding small indus-
tries was that of compiling detailed information on the experience, equip-
ment and capabilities of each individual industrial firm for producing speci-
fic types of war goods, and making this information instantly available to
government procurement agencies and larger firms already holding direct
government contracts. This job was undertaken at once and given first
priority on staff time. The result was the publication and distribution by
the year's end of the Register of War Production Facilities in Connecticut.
This was the largest single project undertaken by the Commission staff
during the year, occupying the full time of five staff members for a six-
months' period and requiring the additional services of practically all of the
staff of thirty-three persons at various times.
The Register of War Production Facilities is a loose-leaf volume of
345 pages listing the facilities of 2,866 Connecticut manufacturing firms,
representing 87% of the total industrial employment in the State. For each
firm listed the information includes the types of products now being made ;
CONNECTICUT DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION 285
the types of war goods turned out during World War II ; and products
which can be manufactured now. The listings also show location, numbers
employed, and for metal-working industries the tolerances maintained in
machining operations. The Register is cross-indexed for ready reference,
and firms may be located by product or by name.
The Register of War Production Facilities is not a public document,
but is restricted in its distribution to Government procurement offices and
to the production personnel of large manufacturing firms engaged directly
in producing war goods under government contract. The latter include all
such firms in Connecticut and many of the principal producers within a
range of 500 miles of the State. The total printing was 2,500 copies. All
copies are numbered and are registered in the name of the user, remaining
the property of the State.
OTHER AIDS TO WAR PRODUCTION
A second step in the ten-point program for aiding small industry was
the providing of personal guidance to individual firms in securing sub-
contracts which they were capable of performing. The Commission staff
has continued to advise smaller manufacturers faced with loss of their nor-
mal markets, or with shortages of raw materials, in speedy conversion to
war production.
A beginning was also made in the job of securing data and indexing
150,000 machine tools in Connecticut manufacturing plants to put them
into more effective use for war production. Government procurement offices,
branches of the Armed Services and large producers holding government
contracts were aided in finding Connecticut plants capable of handling
special jobs requiring fast action.
To supplement these limited personal negotiations, the Commission
has kept Connecticut manufacturers currently advised of government regu-
lations, trade opportunities and information regarding war production,
through a printed, four-page Information Letter, which is mailed to all
Connecticut manufacturers on a monthly basis.
Another aid to small business was made available through the com-
piling of a roster of technical, engineering and professional personnel avail-
able for temporary or part-time consulting service. More than 400 technical
experts have volunteered for listing on this roster, which includes retired
and semi-retired production men and others who may be available for con-
sulting service on a part-time basis or for limited periods of the year.
In order to make this service as convenient as possible for small manufac-
turers, arrangements were made for handling the negotiations between the
individual industry and the consultant through local offices of the State
Employment Service. In this way any possible duplication of effort between
state agencies was avoided.
TRADE PROMOTION
Recognizing the fact that the smaller manufacturers in the state were
in many cases not in a position to produce goods for military use, the Com-
mission continued and expanded its program for increasing the markets
for Connecticut-made goods both at home and abroad.
286 CONNECTICUT DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION
To help in the domestic market, it pushed distribution of its Connecticut
Purchasing Guide. Immediately after completion at the end of the previous
year, copies were rushed, with a "Buy-in-Connecticut" appeal, to 3,900
Connecticut manufacturers and purchasing agents. More than 100 copies
went to Armed Services procurement offices. Direct mail and advertising
announcements brought 2,700 requests for the book from manufacturers,
purchasing agents, engineers and businessmen in 37 states. The year's total
distribution was thus 6,700.
This 72-page book, the State's first buyers' directory, catalogs 16,000
products made by 2,500 Connecticut industries. All reports point to its
effectiveness is developing new business.
With the Western nations rearming and with the foreign market
rising sharply, the Commission revised the English-language edition of its
Guide to Export Products Made in Connecticut just before the close of the
year. This publication lists 5,000 products of 1,250 manufacturers. The
number of Connecticut industries interested in export has increased 130%
since the Commission started its foreign trade program in 1946.
In its four-page newspaper, Connecticut Products, the Commission
featured both defense equipment and civilian products. Published one
month in English, the next in Spanish, this periodical reaches 7,000 poten-
tial buyers in this country and 12,000 abroad. It is used to publicize new
and improved products and is of special value to small businesses.
Unsolicited letters, verbal reports and field checks all show this trade
promotion program to be highly valuable. It brings business to the state,
tends to stabilize employment, and produces business income which is tax-
able by the state.
SEASONAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
Despite Connecticut's dominant position as an industrial state, there
are approximately 50 of the smaller communities which do not share
directly in industrial production, and which are dependent upon agricul-
ture and seasonal business derived from out-of-state vacationists for their
principal income. In many of these communities property used for recrea-
tional purposes constitutes a large proportion of the taxable property in
the town, and vacationists' purchases make a vital difference in the retail
and service businesses of the community.
The expenditure for advertising space to attract seasonal vacation
business to Connecticut in 1950 (previous fiscal period) was the smallest
for any of the Northeastern states, totalling $8,404.30. To measure the
effectiveness of this advertising in various media, the Commission has con-
ducted annual surveys by mail among those who reply to the advertising.
These surveys provide incidentally a reliable statistical measurement of
the over-all effect of the advertising and promotion program to attract vaca-
tion business to Connecticut.
The 1950 vacation business survey showed that the promotion pro-
gram conducted by the Commission was unusually successful, drawing an
indicated total of $917,000 in additional business to the communities of the
State — the highest figure for any season since 1946. There was clear statis-
tical evidence that each dollar spent by the state in advertising brought in
$109 in additional business to Connecticut communities. Much of this busi-
CONNECTICUT DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION 287
ness was in the form of sale of services and of goods not subject to sales
tax, but the additional revenues derived by the state from the taxes on
gasoline, cigarettes, liquor and from parkway tolls, plus some sales tax
revenue, may well have amounted to more than the total spent by the state
for advertising, apart from the benefit to the economy of Connecticut from
added business.
INDUSTRIAL REPLACEMENT
The need for a continued, long-range program to attract new indus-
tries to the state was clearly indicated by serious industrial losses which
occurred during the year. Two large textile mills terminated their Connecti-
cut operations, throwing approximately 1,700 textile workers on the un-
employment rolls. The effect was less serious than it would have been in
normal times, since many of the workers released were able to find new
employment in expanded defense plants. The effect upon the individual
communities was still being felt months after the closings, however, and
the loss of tax revenue was a serious problem for the town involved.
To offset this continued loss of existing industries, and to provide for
stable employment when defense production declines, the Commission con-
tinued its permanent program designed to attract new, diversified indus-
tries to the state. Emergency conditions, including shortage of vacant fac-
tory space and restrictions on new construction, tended to slow down the
interstate movement of industries. Nevertheless interest in Connecticut
locations, developed by the Commission's program over a period years,
continued active. Six out-of-state plants were newly located in Connecticut
during the year. Fifteen additional industries were sufficiently interested
to request detailed economic studies on their proposed operations in terms
of specific Connecticut locations. At the close of the year negotiations were
continuing with 154 concerns which were actively interested in Connecticut
as a future location for their operations.
LOCAL INDUSTRIAL FOUNDATIONS
Members of the Development Commission had long recognized the
fact that the filling of vacant plant space was of secondary importance in
attracting desirable new industries to Connecticut. Much of the available
space is obsolete or obsolescent, and old plants are often poorly located in
terms of modern requirements. On the other hand, rapidly growing indus-
tries often lack the capital needed for building new plants, particularly at
a time when reserves are needed for expanded operations. The remedy
which has proven most successful elsewhere has been the creation of local
industrial development corporations, organized on a non-profit basis and
using private capital to build new industrial plants which are then made
available to industry on a long-term lease basis with option to purchase.
The Development Commission staff has provided technical assistance and
has worked with local groups in a number of Connecticut communities
where the organization of local industrial foundations of this type is planned
or under way. Among the communities so assisted in their efforts to attract
stable, nev industry are Norwich, Danielson, Middletown, Farmington and
Bristol.
288 CONNECTICUT DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION
EASTERN CONNECTICUT CONFERENCE
The industrial diversification problems of the three eastern counties of
Connecticut were given special attention in the Commission's program
during the year. Many communities in that area participate less in the
production of goods for defense than do other sections of the state, and
losses due to decline of the textile industries have been concentrated in the
eastern counties. To secure concerted action in dealing with these regional
problems, the Commission arranged for an Eastern Connecticut Conference
which was held at New London in May, 1951, in which representatives of
communities in Tolland, Windham and New London counties participated.
As a direct result of this conference, several communities have taken definite
steps to form local industrial development foundations, and many others
have increased their efforts in the direction of sound community planning
and zoning.
PLANNING AND ZONING
Because of the effect which a new industry may have upon the future
development of an entire community, the Development Commission has car-
ried on a technical advisory service for the communities of the state on
problems of local community planning and zoning.
In December, 1950, the Development Commission, in cooperation with
Yale University and the Connecticut Federation of Planning and Zoning
agencies, conducted the Fifth Annual Community Development Clinic in
New Haven. This conference, in which 150 planning and zoning officials
of the state's communities participated, dealt with the specific problems
produced by defense mobilization, the requirements of the National Security
Resources Board on industrial dispersion for security, and long-range prob-
lems of sound community development.
During the year the Commission staff handled 228 requests for assist-
ance with planning and zoning problems from 62 towns of the state. Twenty-
three towns requested such service for the first time during the year.
CONNECTICUT BUILDING— EASTERN STATES EXPOSITION
By action of the General Assembly in 1947, responsibility for the man-
agement of the Connecticut Building at the Eastern States Exposition in
West Springfield, Massachusetts, was placed in the hands of the Develop-
ment Commission. The annual one-week showing of the Exposition pro-
vides an opportunity for publicizing Connecticut's industry, its economy
generally, and the workings of its state government. During the 1950 show-
ing, the Connecticut Building was visited by more than 300,000 people.
GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY
SURVEY
Established— 1903
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 3542 to 3545.
Administrative head — Dr. Edward L. Troxell,
Director
Central office — Trinity College, Hartford ; Tele-
phone 7-3156
Number of full-time employees — None
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $14,876
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 — -
Recurring operating expenditures, $13,042.47
Capital outlay— $41.15
For the most part during the fiscal year of 1950-51 our field work and
other investigations went forward as usual. There was this exception how-
ever in our planning : considerable emphasis was put on the needs of war
emergency. Our publication list was long and we have made great advance-
ment in the printing of manuscripts on hand, some of which had been in
our possession for ten or a dozen years. This progress in our publication
program may be largely credited to the $5,000 appropriated by the As-
sembly in 1949 for the specific purpose.
- Investigators have been instructed especially to turn their attention
to the limestones in the western part of the state, those carbonate rocks
which might have value in the defense effort. Dr. Robert Gates is giving
half of his time, in connection with his teaching at the University of Wis-
consin, to the government as a contribution to the national emergency.
As in the preceding year, most of our research was carried on in
geology and the work is well along or completed for certain quadrangles.
Reports on these investigations will not only include a descriptive manu-
script but also a detailed geologic map which it is planned to print on the
regular government topographic sheet. Other studies and revisions were
289
290 GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY
necessary to put in order manuscripts on the Diptera ; the authors felt that
this work was required to bring the studies up to date. Some of the reports
have been published; some will soon be in print.
The following bulletins, publications of the Survey, were printed
during the year :
No. 76, "Preliminary Report on the Geology of the Mt. Prospect Complex,
with Map," by Eugene N. Cameron, Ph.D.
No. 77, "Connecticut Minerals," by Julian A. Sohon.
No. 78, "Geology of a Section of the Hebron Gneiss of Eastern Connecti-
cut," by Janet Aitken, Ph.D.
No. 79, "Twenty-fourth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the Sur-
vey," with map.
Miscellaneous Series No. 3, "The Litchfield Quadrangle, with Geologic
Map," by Robert M. Gates, Ph.D.
The members of the Geological and Natural History Survey Com-
mission are :
His Excellency, John Davis Lodge, L.L.D., Governor, ex-ofncio member.
Dr. Chester R. Longwell, Yale.
Dr. Arthur H. Hughes, Trinity.
Dr. Joe Webb Peoples, Wesleyan.
Dr. Richard H. Goodwin, Connecticut College.
Dr. John B. Lucke, University of Connecticut.
Dr. Edward L. Troxell, Professor of Geology at Trinity College,
Director ; Mrs. Marguerite Hough, Secretary to the Director ; James
Brewster, State Librarian, Distribution and Exchange Agent ; Clara M.
LeVene, Editor.
STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
nil —BB— —
wttssssessm
Established— -1878
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 181
Administrative head — Stanley H. Osborn, M.D.,
C.P.H., Commissioner of Health
Central office — State Office Building; Telephone
7-6341, Ext. 806
Average number of full-time employees — 406
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $1,599,554.72. Federal
funds, $776,385.09. Other sources (gifts, grants,
etc.), $309,807.49
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expeditures, State funds,
$1,388,780.99. Federal funds, $628,593.25. Other
funds, $214,765.75
Capital outlay— $54,279.85
Organization structure — Public Health Council ;
Executive Staff; Bureaus and Divisions as fol-
lows : Bureau of Administration : Division of Accounts and Supplies ; Divi-
sion of Health Services for State Employees ; Division of Hospitals ; Divi-
sion of Licensure and Registration ; Division of Local Health Administra-
tion ; Division of Personnel. Bureau of Industrial Hygiene. Bureau of
Laboratories. Bureau of Maternal and Child Hygiene : Division of Crippled
Children ; Division of Dental Hygiene. Bureau of Mental Hygiene. Bureau
of Preventable Diseases : Division of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases.
Bureau of Public Health Information. Bureau of Public Health Nursing.
Bureau of Sanitary Engineering. Bureau of Venereal Diseases. Bureau
of Vital Statistics.
In March, 1878, the Connecticut General Assembly passed an Act
establishing the State Board of Health. General powers were given to the
Board to carry on investigations and inquiries respecting the cause of
diseases and to supervise the vital statistics registration system in Con-
necticut. In 1917, the Board of Health was reorganized into the State
Department of Health.
The Department of Health, in the words of the General Statutes, is
charged to ". . . employ the most efficient and practical means for the pre-
vention and suppression of disease . . ."
291
292 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
PARTICIPATION IN THE CIVIL DEFENSE PROGRAM
The state department of health, during the past year, has accepted the
complex responsibilities of the health and medical phases of state civil
defense planning.
The State Commissioner of Health is a member of the Civil Defense
Advisory Council. He has been charged by the civil defense director with
the responsibility for the civil defense health services and is the director
of the health services division. He carries out the work through a deputy
director and five assistant directors.
The director of the health service division is assisted by an advisory
council. This council is the emergency medical service committee of the
State Medical Society with representation from the State Medical Society,
State Dental Society, State Nurses Association, State Hospital Association,
State Pharmacy Commission, State Department of Health, and a City
Health Officer.
To date, intensive emphasis has been placed on the development of
activities of the health services branch which is responsible for the actual
planning for casualty treatment. The primary objectives of the health
services branch are to prevent death, reduce disability and relieve suffer-
ing following the explosion of an atomic bomb.
The functions and responsibilities of the health services branch are
carried out under four sections, each headed by a coordinator. First aid
and casualty treatment is a fundamental responsibility of the health services
division. Advisory to the coordinator of first aid and casualty treatment
is the casualty planning committee, authorized by the council of the State
Medical Society and composed by specialists in indicated fields of activity.
The casualty planning committee, the director of the health service division,
and the coordinator of first aid and casualty treatment have determined
the type and sequence of casualty stations, have developed the organiza-
tional pattern necessary to carry out this plan at the local, area, and state
levels, and have prepared medical and surgical treatment guides for the
different casualty stations. The casualty planning committee has also con-
cerned itself with medical and surgical supplies for stockpiling, the blood
procurement program, and related problems.
The hospital coordinator and his advisory committee from the Con-
necticut Hospital Association have outlined the organizational framework
for hospital participation in the casualty treatment plan.
Casualty and non-casualty nursing problems have been planned under
the direction of the nurse coordinator and her advisory committee.
Emergency non-casualty medical service is under the direction of the
medical coordinator and his assistant coordinators who are specialists in
their respective fields. A program for pediatric and obstetrical care has been
worked out. Mental health, in times of disaster, has been considered, as well
as other aspects of medical, dental and pharmaceutical needs.
The public health services branch coordinates public health activities
and certain related activities. The special service branch is concerned largely
with training programs for physicians, nurses and other personnel. The
special weapons and defense branch plans for protective measures against
atomic, (radiological), biological, and chemical warfare.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 293
The health supplies branch is charged with the purchase, storage, in-
ventory and distribution of supplies.
INCREASE IN LIFE EXPECTANCY
The expectation of life at birth for Connecticut rose from 50.4 years
in 1900 to 65.7 years in 1940, a net gain of 15.3 years per person born
or 30 per cent since 1900, and there is no doubt that life expectancy has
now reached 68 years.
INFANT MORTALITY LOWEST IN THE COUNTRY
The Connecticut rate has fallen steadily since 1900, when there were
171 deaths under one year of age per 1,000 live births. The provisional
rate for 1950, 21.6, was the lowest in the history of the state, and prelim-
inary returns indicate that Connecticut had the lowest infant mortality rate
of any state in 1950.
1950 DEATH RATE EQUALED RECORD LOW
The 1950 death rate for Connecticut, 9.4 deaths per 1,000 population,
equaled the previous minimum for the state established in 1949.
In 1900, the four leading causes of death in order of numerical im-
portance were tuberculosis, pneumonia, diarrhea and enteritis, and diseases
of the heart ; by 1950, the order had changed greatly and the ranking causes
were diseases of the heart, cancer, vascular lesions affecting central nervous
system and accidents. Pneumonia and influenza has shown the greatest
amount of decline since 1900 (1900 rate, 239.0 per 100,000 population;
1950 rate, 13.0). Next in order, were tuberculosis (187.4; 16.0) and
diarrhea and enteritis (143.4; 0.5). Diphtheria and typhoid fever were
responsible for 1.9 and 1.7 respectively of all deaths in 1900; by 1950 there
were no deaths from typhoid fever and but one death from diphtheria.
CHRONIC DISEASES LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH
Since man can only postpone death, not eliminate it, the great reduction
in deaths from communicable diseases has altered the character and distri-
bution of causes of death. Now, deaths from chronic diseases predominate.
Diseases of the cardiovascular-renal system (diseases of the heart, arteries
and kidneys and vascular lesions of the central nervous system) accounted
for 56.1 per cent of the 1950 deaths, the death rate being 528.3 per 100,000
population. Cancer is another chronic disease for which mortality has risen
markedly, from 66.9 in 1900 to 166.3 in 1950. The gradual climb in the
proportion of people over 65 years of age has been responsible for a major
part of the increased mortality from chronic diseases. This process of popu-
lation aging will continue and will make more imperative than ever the
expanding of chronic disease control programs by departments of health.
ORGANIZATION
The State Commissioner of Health, appointed by the Governor for a
four-year term, is the administrative head of the department, and chairman
294 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
of the Public Health Council. The Public Health Council consists of six
members, in addition to the Commissioner, who serve overlapping six-year
terms, without compensation.
The Public Health Council which shapes and directs department poli-
cies and finances, has established a sanitary code in accordance with the
provisions of Section 3808 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949, and
amends this code from time to time as need arises. Some of its other
specific duties include the approval of rules and regulations of certain state
boards such as the board of examiners of embalmers and the board of
examiners of barbers, especially those pertaining to sanitation ; the appoint-
ing of representatives of the department to serve on the boards of manage-
ment of each of the county temporary homes for children, and on the board
of examiners of embalmers ; the appointing of members of the state board
of examiners in midwifery ; the revoking or suspending of licenses to prac-
tice the healing arts and branches as recommended by the various exam-
ining boards concerned ; the approval of laboratories for premarital and
prenatal blood tests, and methods of testing ; the approval of nomination
of health officers for the towns and boroughs of the state ; the approval of
nominations of health officers of cities where there is a question of equiv-
alency in qualifications ; the approval of the establishment of shellfish areas
and changes pertaining thereto ; the establishment of policies for the
efficient operation of the department ; the approval of legislation sub-
mitted to the Connecticut General Assembly ; the approval of plans and
budgets for the use of state and federal funds ; and the approval of appoint-
ments of personnel of the department and their salaries.
The members of the Public Health Council and the executive staff of
the department are as follows :
*C-E. A. Winslow, M.S., Dr. P.H.
James A. Newlands, B.S., Secretary
James W. Knox, L.L.B.
Roscoe H. Suttie, C.E.
George H. Gildersleeve, M.D.
W. Bradford Walker, M.D.
Stanley H. Osborn, M.D., C.P.H.
♦Professor Winslow did no't accept reappointment for the term beginning July 1,
1951 ; accordingly Ira V. Hiscock, M.P.H., Sc.D., was appointed by the Governor
for the six-year term beginning July 1, 1951.
EXECUTIVE STAFF
Stanley H. Osborn, M.D., C.P.H.
Commissioner of Health
Albert S. Gray, M.D.
Deputy Commissioner
Bureau of Administration :
Division of Accounts and Supplies, Laurence A. Fagan, Chief
Division of Health Services for State Employees, Robert L. Quimby, M .D., Chief
Division of Hospitals, Margaret DuBois, M.D., Chief
Division of Licensure and Registration, Ruth H. Monroe, Chief
Division of Local Health Administration, Edwin Cameron, M.D., M.P.H., Chief
Division of Personnel, William T. Youngberg, Chief
Bureau of Industrial Hygiene, Kenneth E. Markuson, M.D., Director*
Bureau of Laboratories, Friend Lee Mickle, M.S., Sc.D., Director
♦Doctor Markuson resigned June 30, 1951
Term Expires
New Haven
1951
Hartford
1955
Hartford
1953
New Haven
1955
Norwich
1957
Cornwall
1953
Hartford
1955
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 295
Bureau of Maternal and Child Hygiene, Martha L. Clifford, M.D., M.P.H., Director
Division of Crippled Children, Louis Spekter, M.D., M.P.H., Chief
Division of Dental Hygiene, Franklin M. Erlenbach, D.M.D., Chief
Bureau of Mental Hygiene, Elias J. Marsh, M.D., Director
Bureau of Preventable Diseases, James C. Hart, M.D., M.P.H., Director
Division of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases, Matthew Griswold, M.D.,
Dr. P.H., Chief
Bureau of Public Health Information, Chester S. Bowers, B.S., M.P.H., Director
Bureau of Public Health Nursing, Hazel V. Dudley, B.S., R.N., Director
Bureau of Sanitary Engineering, Warren J. Scott, S.B., Director
Bureau of Veneral Diseases, Henry P. Talbot, M.D., M.P.H., Director
Bureau of Vital Statistics, William M. Haenszel, M.A., Director
HEADQUARTERS
State Office Building, 165 Capitol Avenue, Hartford 15, Conn.
Telephone Hartford, 7-6341
All bureaus, except those listed below, are located in the State Office Building:
1179 Main Street, Hartford
Bureau of Industrial Hygiene
Bureau of Laboratories (P. O. Box 2340, Hartford 1, Conn.)
436 Capitol Avenue
Bureau of Maternal and Child Hygiene
Division of Crippled Children
Division of Dental Hygiene
Bureau of Mental Hygiene
Bureau of Public Health Nursing
Division of Cancer and other Chronic Diseases
119 Capitol Avenue
Division of Health Services for State Employees
PERSONNEL
Number of employees, July 1st, 1950 390
Total accessions during the period 102
Total separations 70
Total number employees, June 30, 1951 422
Net gain, June 30, 1951 over July 1, 1950 32
Number of vacancies June 30, 1951 17
EXPENDITURES
State funds expended by the State Department of Health during the
fiscal year 1950-1951 totaled $1,657,826.59 which was distributed as follows :
Personal services $1,129,809.94
Contractual services 137,767.16
Supplies and materials 121,203.89
Equipment 54,279.85
Aid to towns, public health nursing 17,437.08
Cancer clinic grant 47,291.38
Mental hygiene clinic grant 60,243.97
Connecticut Commission on Children and Youth 6,128.20
Toxicological laboratory 19,701.83
Cerebral palsy program 60,046.83
Capital projects 3,916.46
296 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
In addition, grants for public health work are received hy the state
from the Federal Security Agency from funds administered by the Public
Health Service and the Children's Bureau. Expenditures from these sources
for the fiscal year, 1950-1951 amounted to $628,593.25 as indicated in the
following tables :
SUMMARY OF EXPENDITURES, 1950-51
FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY
Federal grant expenditures, total $028,593.25
U. S. Public Health Service
General Health Funds :
State Department of Health $101,475.68
Local health units 29,351.11
Training of personnel 1,154.25
Sub-total $131,981.04
Mental hygiene 38,420.61
Cancer control 43,330.05
Heart disease control 30,020.20 $243,751.90
Veneral Disease Control:
State Department of Health $ 16,953.03
Rapid Treatment Project 553.00
Local health units 12,353.95
Training of personnel 867.71 $ 30,727.69
Tuberculosis Control :
State Department of Health $ 21,111.68
Local health units 20,000.48
State Tuberculosis Commission 52,368.90
Training of personnel 440.00 $ 93,921.06
Special Funds :
Hospital survey and planning $ 2,115.00
Environmental cancer survey 4,635.99
Cancer demonstration program 274.68
Heart demonstration project 5,149.74 $ 12,175.41
Total U. S. Public Health Service Expenditures $380,576.06
Children's Bureau
Crippled Children Services $136,156.16
Maternal and Child Health 83,480.04
Dental Hygiene 28,380.99
Total Children's Bureau Expenditures $248,017.19
GRAND TOTAL EXPENDITURES, All Federal Funds $628,593.25
PER CAPITA EXPENDITURES
State expenditures for public health work administered by the depart-
ment amounted to $0.83 per capita. Combined expenditures from state and
federal sources totaled $1.14 per capita.
BUREAU OF ADMINISTRATION
The bureau of administration is under the immediate supervision of
the Commissioner of Health. Under this bureau are six special activities
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 297
or divisions: The divisions of accounts and supplies, health services for
state employees, hospitals, licensure and registration, local health adminis-
tration and personnel. Brief summaries of the work of these divisions follow.
Division of Accounts and Supplies: This division acts as a service unit
for all bureaus and divisions of the department, and carries out three func-
tional activities as follows :
Fiscal control: Administers allocation and expenditure of funds appro-
priated by the state and the grants allotted by the Federal government.
Under the supervision of the Commissioner of Flealth, the division main-
tains the financial policies of the department. It acts as a liaison between
the Commissioner of Health and the state department of finance and control,
through the budget and purchasing divisions, as well as through the state
comptroller's office, and the Federal Security Agency through the Public
1 iealth Service and the Children's Bureau. Under the Federal grant for
hospital survey and construction, this division has the responsibility for
controlling the allottment of funds for each construction program, and assists
each hospital superintendent and his fiscal officer to set up accounts for the
control of expenditures at the hospital under this program.
As a service unit, the division repairs and services all departmental
motor vehicles (137), and assigns them to the various field personnel. A
garage for such service is operated by the department. The division also
handles and services all laboratory, dental, medical, educational and office
equipment. It maintains a supply of biologies and other drugs which are'
distributed to health officers, hospitals, institutions and treatment stations,
and maintains and services respirators for use in poliomyelitis epidemics.
A twenty-four hour emergency service is maintained.
Purchasing : This division reviews, approves and processes requisitions
of the various bureaus and divisions for contractual services, supplies and
equipment.
Division of Health Services for State Employees: Health Service for
State Employees, is, as the name implies, a service designed to promote
the general health and well-being of state employees. Since December,
1950, the health service has been in its present quarters, on the third floor
of the State Office Building Annex (old Mt. Sinai Hospital). Here, a
modern clinic has been established, staffed by a physician, two nurses, an
x-ray laboratory technician and supporting clerical personnel. It is not the
aim of the health service to furnish over-all medical care or to be a sub-
stitute for the employee's private physician, but rather to assist the physician
in every way possible in the maintenance of the employee's health. Emphasis
is placed on the preventive phase of medical care.
In the six months ending June 30, 1951, a total of 709 state employees
received treatment in the clinic. These employees made a total of 1,223
clinic visits. Complete physical examinations, either pre-employment or
periodic, numbered 191. In addition to this, personnel either gave or super-
vised the giving of 5,975 immunizations to employees of the state. The
majority of these immunizations were given in the field. Our physiotherapy,
x-ray and laboratory departments have given a total of 686 treatments
and tests.
Division oj Hospitals: Three major functions are currently undertaken
by the division of hospitals, with others in a developmental phase. During
the 1950-51 fiscal year, the division acquired an office, and the transfer of
298 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
some personnel from the bureau of preventable diseases constituted the first
step in the proposed centralization of the hospital activities for which the
department is responsible. A brief statement as to the three functions
follows :
1. Connecticut Hospital and Health Center Survey and Construction
Program : Under the provisions of the Federal Hospital Survey and Con-
struction Act, Connecticut received an allottment of $573,677 for the
1950-51 fiscal year. Eight new projects were approved, producing 591
additional approvable beds. During the year four projects were completed
— two general hospitals and two remodeled public health centers. A complete
resurvey of all hospital facilities was started in November, 1950.
2. Hospital licensing program : This program was officially trans-
ferred to the division of hospitals on March 1, 1951. During the year, 12
general hospitals and 240 chronic and convalescent hospitals (including 18
new ones) were inspected for licensing.
3. Hospital Costs : This division has worked closely with the Hospital
Cost Commission, of which the Commissioner of Health is chairman, and
the hospital cost analyst, in a study of hospital cost reports and the pub-
lished and contract rates of the various hospitals. Working with the Con-
necticut Hospital Association, the department of welfare, and the hospital
cost analyst, the division will study and review the various factors which
enter into hospital costs.
Division of Licensure and Registration: The state department of health
is charged with certain duties with respect to the licensing and annual regis-
tration of practitioners of the healing arts and branches, with certain investi-
gatory and disciplinary activities, and with the entire supervision of the
occupation of hairdressing and cosmetology. The following groups are
licensed by the department, and are required by the General Statutes of
Connecticut to register annually with the department and pay a two dollar
annual registration fee :
Doctors of medicine and surgery ; osteopathic physicians ; chiroprac-
tors ; natureopaths ; chiropodists ; midwives ; physiotherapy technicians ;
hairdressers and cosmetologists. In addition, registered nurses and trained
attendants register annually with the state department of health, paying a
two-dollar registration fee. An additional licensed occupation was added
by the 1951 session of the Connecticut General Assembly, that of hyper-
trichology (the removal of superfluous hair). No licenses were issued before
the close of the fiscal year, however.
With respect to hairdressing and cosmetology, the department has
complete supervision, including the operation of schools, examination of
candidates for licensure, the licensing of successful candidates, the licensing
of schools and shops, and the discipline of individuals licensed.
The division of licensure and registration aids in the investigation
and prosecution of unlicensed persons in all the categories mentioned above.
Receipts : This division is more than self-supporting. For the year
ended June 30, 1951, the total receipts, including annual registrations, fees
for newly licensed persons, examinations and penalties, amounted to
$52,553.
1950-1951
ly Licensed
Registrations*
226**
4,626
5
131
8
149
0
89
11
216
0
25
32
359
***
18,050
*** —
2,620
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 299
ACTIVITIES
Healing Arts and Branches: The following table indicates the number
of individuals newly licensed during the fiscal year and the number who
registered in accordance with statutes :
Doctors of Medicine and Surgery
Osteopathic Physicians
Chiropractors
Natureopaths
Chiropodists
Midwives
Physiotherapy technicians
Registered nurses
Trained attendants
*Total number, including inactive, retired, military service, out of state (no fee).
**Includes two osteopathic physicians licensed to practice surgery only.
***These groups receive their original licenses from the state board of examiners
of nurses.
Section 4359 of the general statutes provides that written charges
shall be filed by the state department of health with the various examining
boards regarding convictions of practitioners of the healing arts, and com-
plaints of individuals* with respect to the professional activities of the
various practitioners. The State Department of Health and the Public
Health Council subsequently takes the action recommended by the re-
spective boards, following hearings held by the board in accordance with
statutory requirement with respect to revocations or suspensions. During the
fiscal year, several charges were preferred against practitioners of the
healing arts, and details may be found in a supplement to the report of
the state department of health. Several investigations were made in co-
operation with the department of state police during the year.
Hair dressing and Cosmetology: The following table summarizes the
examining and licensing activities of this section of the division of licensure
and registration :
Number Licenses
Type of License Number Examined (Including
Issued (New Licenses) Renewals)
Registered hairdresser and cosmetician 172 (148)* 3,756
Assistant hairdresser and cosmetician 0 1,177
Operator 236 (167)* 1,002
Instructor 9 ( 5)* 136
Shop registration 123 1,336
School registration 1 15
*Figures in parentheses indicate number of successful in passing examinations.
Routine inspection of all the hairdressing shops was completed during
the year; 123 new shops were inspected and licensed. Several shops were
closed temporarily following unsatisfactory inspection reports pertaining
to sanitation. One school was closed during the year, and one new one
opened. Approximately 200 complaints of illegal practice or other illegal
activities were received and many were investigated.
Division of Local Health Administration: One of the duties of this
division is the orientation of new health officers. When a vacancy in a
300 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
health officer post occurs in a town and difficulty is encountered by the
selectmen in finding a physician to fill the post, assistance is given. Fol-
lowing official appointment, a new health officer is visited, furnished with
health officer supplies and instructed in their use.
A major activity of the division of local health administration is the
promotion of the district health department plan. There are at present 15
full-time health departments in the state, serving about 54 per cent of
the state's population. The district plan would make it possible for the
remaining 46 per cent population to have similar services by grouping
into districts. During the past year promotional work was concentrated
in the area about Middletown.
Two conferences of local health officers were called by the Commis-
sioner of Health during the year, in Hartford, on November 16, 1950 and
January 18, 1951. Usually these conferences are called for the purpose of
discussing public health problems, but this year the January meeting was
called for the purpose of organizing for civil defense, and to determine
the parts local health officers and the state department of health would
play in that organization.
Certain statistical data are prepared and reviewed by the division of
local health administration. Information is collected from every com-
munity in the state relative to public health expenditures from tax funds,
and published annually. Annual reports from health officers of towns, cities
and boroughs in Connecticut are required by general statutes. Information
from these reports is abstracted by this division and made available to the
rest of the department. Assistance is provided to local health departments in
the preparation of their budgets and plans.
Nutrition : This unit of the department is under the supervision of the
division of local health administration, and its services are primarily edu-
cational. Its function is to assist in improving the level of health through
the application of nutrition facts to every-day living. Its services are car-
ried on through consultation with physicians, dentists, public health officials,
public health nurses, social workers, teachers, school lunch managers, health
educators, dietitians, community nutritionists, and other leaders at the state
and local levels.
During the year, the first Connecticut study of nutritional status was
made on a group attending an obstetrical clinic in New Haven by a
nutrition unit from the U. S. Public Health Service at the request of the
Xew Haven health officer. Fifty per cent showed probably signs of deficiency
in one or more nutrients, particularly in hemoglobin and ascorbic acid,
showing need for more citrus fruits, meat and milk. The nutrition staff
continues to stress the importance of prenatal diet through participation in
institutes on prematurity, maternity and mothers' classes and through pre-
paration and distribution of informational leaflets.
Increased attention was given to nutrition in relation to chronic dis-
eases, especially diabetes and obesity, through publicity on the diabetic
teaching kit and weight control. Assistance continues to be given to state
institutions, county and convalescent homes for children, day care centers,
convalescent hospitals and homes for the aged, well child conferences, and
industry. The staff has participated in institutes on rheumatic fever, school
lunch, nutritional status of children, and industrial nursing.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 301
Division of Personnel: The recruitment of professional and technical
workers qualified in the many specialized fields of public health work con-
tinued as a major activity during the year. The fact that 220 of the 419
established permanent positions of the department are in the professional
and technical categories indicates the varied scope of this problem.
It is apparent, particularly in the cases of physicians trained in public
health work, that salaries in other states and in local departments of health
are being adjusted upward and that Connecticut is being placed in an in-
creasingly unfavorable competitive position. During the year we lost the
services of three highly trained physicians, one of them a bureau director, to
other states. In each instance, higher salary offered them was a factor.
Despite the general scarcity of trained public health workers, we have
been successful in staffing the department, even though the turnover wras
comparatively high. As of June 30, 1951, the percentage of vacant pro-
fessional and technical positions was 1.8 per cent. On June 30, 1949, 13.3
per cent of the professional and technical positions were vacant.
A departmental manual on personnel policies and procedures was dis-
tributed to all employees.
BUREAU OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
The principal functions of the bureau are to prevent and control the
occurrence of occupational diseases and promote the general health of the
workers employed in industry. During the past year, detailed consultations,
surveys and studies were conducted in the course of determining and con-
trolling injurious concentrations of toxic materials produced in workroom
atmospheres.
Work was continued with the survey of new-car dealer garages and
general garages and the necessary carbon monoxide studies were made and
recommendations presented as required.
Radiation monitoring wras undertaken in the majority of the shoe
stores throughout the state where fluoroscopic shoe fitting machines are
in use. Practically no machines were found to comply completely with the
tentative codes that have been developed for use in other states. Further
work is contemplated just as soon as a code is available for adoption in
this state. Several new industrial x-ray machines were installed in manufac-
turing plants. These have been monitored and found safe. We have con-
tinued to investigate the procedures used in safeguarding workers concerned
with the use of radioactive isotopes. Such visitations were dependent upon
a list regularly furnished by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. The
use of radioactive static eliminators has also been investigated.
Health problems associated with the use of lead in industry continue
to place a considerable demand upon the services of this bureau. Operations
such as automobile body finishing, bullet manufacturing, buffing of lead
base silverware, rubber compounding, heat treating of metals, wire and
cable manufacturing, and lead storage battery manufacturing were investi-
gated. Investigations were continued to determine the correlation between
urinary porphyrins, urinary lead concentrations and concentrations of lead
in the working atmosphere.
Investigations were continued to determine whether any serious ex-
posures to beryllium or its compounds existed in any industrial operations.
Operations investigated included beryllium grinding and machining.
302 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Appreciable time was spent in the investigation and control of free
silica dust exposure in the foundry industry and exposures to asbestos
dust in electrical goods industries.
The health hazards associated with printing and publishing operations
were investigated throughout the state. This project was conducted on an
industry-wide basis. Lead and organic solvents were the principal toxic
materials encountered.
Work was continued with the safe handling of the newer organic
insecticides by agriculturists, both growers and greenhouse operators.
Several tests have been developed for the determination of parathion,
cholinesterase procedure levels and parathion in urine, to control the
exposure of operators to these materials.
Medical services have been concerned with reporting and follow-up of
occupational diseases and establishment of consultation services by both
physicians and nurses in regard to prevention of occupational disease. The
industrial medical and nursing department continues to be active in pro-
moting and assisting in the organization of medical and nursing units in
industrial plants and making recommendations for improving existing
health services. In conjunction with the Yale School of Medicine, Institute
of Occupational Health, industrial hygiene courses for doctors, nurses,
engineers and chemists are being developed.
BUREAU OF LABORATORIES
The bureau of laboratories operates under the general statutes and
under regulations of the Connecticut Sanitary Code to provide laboratory
services in the fields of public health and of crime detection, the latter
authorized by Public Act 4 of the General Assembly (Special Session,
November, 1949). In the field of public health the major services have
included : Microbiological examination of specimens from cases, contacts
and suspected carriers of communicable diseases ; physical, chemical and
bacteriological examinations of samples from public water supplies and
swimming pools, surface waters and sea waters and of samples of milk,
cream, frozen desserts and milk products ; bacteriological examinations of
shellfish ; inspection and investigation of laboratories prior to registration
with or approval by the department ; distribution at cost price of serologic
reagents, now confined to those used in tests for syphilis, to approved
laboratories ; training and examination of local laboratory personnel in
public health laboratory procedures ; testing of clinical thermometers. In
the field of crime detection, toxicological examinations have been made for
medical examiners, coroners, certified pathologists and police officials and
certain other tests within our facilities, such as indentification of blood and
seminal stains, have been performed for police and prosecuting officials.
The total number of laboratory examinations made during the fiscal
year was 422,709. At the close of the year, 139 laboratories were registered
with the department, 184 certificates of approval of local laboratories for
specific purposes were in force and 223 serologists held certificates of
proficiency for performing tests for syphilis. One additional manufacturer
was licensed during the year to sell clinical thermometers in Connecticut ;
the total number so licensed is now 10. The personnel of the bureau cur-
rently numbers 114. Antigens for tests for syphilis prepared, standardized
and distributed at cost price to approved laboratories through an author-
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 303
ized revolving fund have amounted to $620.95 during the last four months
of the fiscal year; the program started March 1, 1951.
Certain services of the bureau specifically authorized by statute have
been limited or allowed to remain undone because of budgetary restrictions.
Special needs are outlined in the general recommendations of the depart-
ment at the end of this report.
BUREAU OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HYGIENE
Public Act 104 enacted in 1951 changes the name of the bureau from
bureau of child hygiene to bureau of maternal and child hygiene.
Thirty-three maternity hospitals were licensed in 1950.
In rural areas, advice to parents on child management following
examination of their infants and preschool children at well child confer-
ences by qualified physicians and public health nurses was sponsored by
the state department of health through well child conferences in 1923
communities. No medical treatment is offered in well child conferences ;
all cases needing medical treatment are referred to the family physician or
local health officer. During the calendar year 1950 there were 8,132 medical
conference visits made by 5,041 infants and preschool children. Approxi-
mately 20 per cent of children coming to well child conferences received
vaccination against smallpox at the conference and about 10 per cent re-
ceived immunization against diphtheria. Whooping cough and tetanus
immunizations are provided at some well child conferences at the discretion
of the local health officer.
Vision tests in 1950 of 672 preschool children and 1,829 school children
were made with the Massachusetts Vision Test Kit, with referral of
approximately 53 preschool and 38 school children. Hearing tests with
puretone audiometers were performed on 1,531 preschool children and 3,237
school children. Approximately 2.6 per cent of the former and 2.5 per cent
of the latter group have hearing losses which warrant referral for medical
care.
During the calendar year 1950, there were 203 child day care centers
known to the bureau. Certificates of approval were issued to 24 of them.
All of these centers are checked for health conditions with the cooperation
of the local health officers and local fire marshals.
The Connecticut Commission on Children and Youth, with Stanley H.
Osborn, M.D., State Commissioner of Health, as chairman, presented its
report to the Midcentury White House Conference on Children and
Youth held in Washington, D. C, December 3-7, 1950.
The director attended meetings of the inter-departmental committee
on school health. Jointly, consultants from the state departments of edu-
cation and health have called on local superintendents of schools at their
request to plan hearing programs. The bureau owns vision testing kits
available on a lending basis to the bureau of public health nursing or
directly to school authorities. Subcommittees of the inter-departmental com-
mittee on school health were appointed during the year for promoting
between the two departments programs for mental health, prevention of
the use of narcotics by school children and preparation of the bulletin
for school nurses.
304 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Seven meetings of various advisory committees to the bureau were
held to discuss the unwed mother problem. A small amount of money is
reserved for providing medical and hospital care as part of a coordinated
plan which will include social service for the unmarried mother and her
child.
DIVISION OF CRIPrLED CHILDREN
Crippled children under care of the division of crippled children re-
ceive medical and surgical services through its crippled children clinics
held monthly, or at other clinics, or at offices of consultants. Seven regular
state crippled children clinics are held monthly in hospitals located in
Danbury, Derby, Norwich, Putnam, Stamford, Torrington, and Williman-
tic. Crippling conditions served by these clinics may be listed under four
main groups as follows :
Orthopedic and paralytic, including
Cerebral palsy
Poliomyelities (infantile paralysis)
Scoliosis (curvature of the spine)
Spina bifida
Congenital deformities
Abnormality of posture and feet
Cardiac, including
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic heart disease
Congenital heart disease including "blue babies"
Cosmetic, including
Harelip
Cleft palate
Unsightly disfigurement of the face
Hard of hearing, including
Loss of hearing due to acquired or congenital conditions
In addition to the regular crippled children clinics, special clinics are
conducted for children with rheumatic fever and heart disease including
"blue babies" (Norwich, Rockville and New Haven) ; for children with
cerebral palsy (Norwich) and the hard of hearing (Hartford).
A diagnostic center for children with rheumatic fever and heart disease,
predominantly children with congenital heart disease (blue babies) estab-
lished in New Haven in 1948 serves children through the entire state.
At this center, the complicated tests necessary for diagnosis of malforma-
tions of the heart are made and heart surgery is done when indicated.
Medical and surgical services for crippled children include not only
clinic and office treatment but treatment in hospitals and convalescent
homes.
Physical therapy is provided by qualified therapists. Speech training
is provided to children with harelip, cleft palate, cerebral palsy, and to
children who are hard of hearing. Orthodontic treatment is given to
children with malocclusion due to cleft palate. Occupational therapy is
- provided to a number of patients with cerebral palsy. Appliances, such as
braces, special shoes and hearing aids are also furnished to crippled
children. Nutrition instruction is made available to crippled children and
their families.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 305
Special facilities for crippled children provided by hospitals and other
agencies are used. The family of the patient, whenever possible, and inter-
ested agencies, contribute toward hospitalization and other expenses.
The division maintains an up-to-date register of all crippled persons
under 21 years of age in Connecticut.
Cerebral Palsy: The November, 1949, special session of the General
Assembly passed Public Act No. 3, "The Care of Children with Cerebral
Palsy". Funds were appropriated which allowed the locating of children
with cerebral palsy and providing of medical, surgical, corrective and allied
services and care, and the providing of facilities for hospitalization and
after-care. The act also authorized the state department of health to pro-
vide for the training of personnel and for research in causes, prevention
and treatment of cerebral palsy in children. It was not only possible to
extend the services to cerebral palsied children but also to make a study
of cerebral palsy in Connecticut. It is estimated that the total number of
cerebral palsied children under 21 years of age is somewhere in the range
of 1,750-2,050. The complete study has been printed and is available for
distribution.
The New Haven Rheumatic Fever and Cardiac Training Program:
The training program in the public health aspects of rheumatic fever and
cardiac disease, established in 1949 was continued. Its purpose is to pro-
vide training to physicians, public health nurses and medical social workers
of several states. The program is sponsored by the New Haven Depart-
ment of Health, Department of Pediatrics of Yale University School of
Medicine and the Connecticut State Department of Health and was es-
tablished at the request of the U. S. Children's Bureau. Connecticut was
asked to carry on this training program because of its facilities and its
cardiac program.
Regional (out-oj-statc) Heart Program: At the request of the U. S.
Children's Bureau and through use of federal funds a regional (out-of-
state) cardiac program has been set up with the center at the New Haven
Hospital. The purpose of this regional program is to provide services to
children with heart disease, especially those with congenital heart disease
including blue babies who live in states near Connecticut and where
facilities are not available. Funds for the regional heart program have
also made possible the diagnosis and treatment of additional Connecticut
children.
Effects of the Crippled Children Program: During the calendar year
1950, 3,521 children received services under the crippled children program.
A few have received related services only, such as public health nursing,
social service, speech training, and physical therapy. Through the state
crippled children services, many handicapped children have been or will
be able to carry on normal or nearly normal activities such as the ability
to care for themselves, attend school, and eventually to become self-
supporting members of the community.
DIVISION OF DENTAL HYGIENE
Tooth decay rates in Connecticut are among the highest in the nation.
The division is charged with the responsibility of improving the dental
health of the population particularly children in the rural areas and stimulat-
ing the increase of dental health facilities in urban areas.
306 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Dental examinations of preschool children, with advice to parents
on the necessity of correcting remediable dental defects, and topical ap-
plications of sodium fluoride for the prevention of new tooth decay was
provided at 61 centers in rural areas this year.
Dental fillings, extractions and other treatments (exclusive of ortho-
dontia or prosthodontia) deemed necessary by the dentist are provided
children in the first three grades of school in community dental treatment
programs. The services are performed in the office of a local dentist at a
given rate of fee. The dentist uses his own equipment and supplies.
To carry out the provisions of the statute, a mobile unit has been
outfitted and staffed. Dental examinations, prophylaxis, and four applica-
tions of sodium fluoride as well as fillings and extractions are provided
for preschool and second grade children in rural communities. School
children on the second grade level have been selected for sodium fluoride
applications because most of these children have their sixth year molars.
These permanent teeth constitute the major part of the tooth decay problem
in the grade school child.
The U. S. Public Health Service appropriated funds for the initiation
of a nationwide Topical Fluoride Demonstration Program in 1948. A team
has been in operation in Connecticut since November 3, 1948. At the close
of the fiscal year, 1951, thirty communities had been visited and a total of
11,154 children protected with topical sodium fluoride applications.
Connecticut Noiv Has Four Water Supplies Fluoridated: Southbury
State Training School, April, 1945 ; Mansfield State Training School and
Hospital, November, 1950; the City of New Britain, December, 1950; and
the Cromwell Fire District, June, 1951.
BUREAU OF MENTAL HYGIENE
The state of a person's mental health can be judged in terms of
how he gets along with himself and with others, and how he meets the
demands of life. It is the fundamental aim of the bureau of mental hygiene
to help children grow up and do these things successfully — be mentally
healthy adults. However, as it has been for many years past and as it will
undoubtedly continue to be for many years to come, most of the bureau's
work in 1950-51 has been in assisting children who have already shown
signs of unsuccessful adjustment. Problems like stuttering, bedwetting,
too much day-dreaming, or nightmares, may mean that a child is not
getting along with himself. A child who is constantly getting into fights
at school, and is having temper tantrums is obviously not getting along
with others, and certainly many instances of stealing, truancy and other
forms of delinquency suggest that a child is not meeting the demands of life.
In 1950-51 more than 900 children with problems like these were seen
in the bureau. In some instances help was given to the children and their
families by the full clinic team over a period of many months to clear up
a deep-seated problem. In other instances all that was needed was a
short study to reassure a parent or some other interested person (a physi-
cian, or social worker responsible for a child, for example) that there was
nothing seriously wrong with the child. In this kind of consultation and
diagnostic service nearly three hundred children under the care of the
department of welfare were examined to make certain that they have the
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 307
best possible chance to grow up to be useful, happy citizens in spite of the
handicap with which they have begun — the broken homes that have made
them public charges. ♦
This kind of work is what is meant by child guidance, and is carried
9 out in child guidance clinics held once a week in Torrington, Manchester,
Meriden, Winsted, Norwich and New London. A little over a year ago
as an extension of the clinic work, conferences were started in New Lon-
don at which professional personnel from the bureau met with workers
from other agencies to discuss ways of handling children with problems.
In 1950-51 regularly scheduled monthly conferences of this kind were
added in Meriden and Torrington. Here many persons are being educated
to use mental hygiene principles in their routine work with children, and
many more children are being helped than could be reached just by the
bureau staff.
The longer one works in the mental hygiene field, the more obvious
it becomes that the goal of raising mentally healthy children can be
reached only through the united efforts of many different people — from
the parents, whose influence on the children is closest, through doctors,
nurses, teachers, welfare workers, police officials, the clergy, etc., to
such specialists as sanitary and housing engineers who try to ensure that
a child has adequate surroundings in which to develop a healthy per-
sonality. In community conferences the bureau has tried to enlist the
assistance of all such people for mental hygiene, and the main focus of the
bureau's educational program in 1950-51 has been to emphasize the role
of the whole community in promoting mental health. We have encouraged
the development of guidance programs in school systems, and the strength-
ening of family and other casework agencies; we have helped physicians,
public health nurses, teachers, social workers and probation officers to
realize the emotional components of the problems they see daily ; we have
tried to stir up an awareness among psychiatrists and other professional
mental hygiene personnel outside the bureau of their responsibility to as-
sume leadership in broad mental hygiene education. A brief description
of two projects will illustrate our approach.
In the spring the bureau was requested to participate in the annual
Litchfield County meeting of the Connecticut Conference of Social Work.
It appeared that this might be an opportunity to bring to the attention of
Litchfield County the kind of organization needed for promoting mental
health and the variety of professions involved. The film "Palmour Street",
one of the many mental health films owned by the state department of
health, was chosen and shown to the entire meeting of about 100 persons.
This film shows an episode in the life of a family in Georgia. It presents a
happy, united, strong family group in which some of the ordinary trials
and irritations of normal family living are handled in a very healthy way
until suddenly catastrophe strikes. The question is then raised as to how
the catastrophe can be met in a way that will preserve the mental health
of the family. The film does not answer the question, but leaves the audience
to cope with it. In a discussion the role of and need for many social, edu-
cational, health and welfare agencies in this mental health problem can be
brought out. In Litchfield, after the film had been shown, the audience
broke up into four small groups, each of whom joined with a panel of four
to discuss what "Palmour Street" might mean to Litchfield County. Re-
308 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
ports since the meeting indicate that planning is under way to carry out
some of the ideas suggested by the meeting. The panels were variously
composed, but included psychiatrists, psychologists, and mental hygienists
from the bureau, a public health nurse from the department, welfare repre-
sentatives, school personnel, physicians, clergymen and lay people.
The other educational project has been in connection with the regular
consultation service that has been made available to the Juvenile Court in
I fartford for many years. As the service continued it became clear that
more was needed than just to make a psychologist and a psychiatrist avail-
able to the court once a week to examine children. First more time was
allotted for members of the bureau staff to discuss with the probation
officers of the court what the delinquent behaviour of certain children meant
in terms of their personalities and past experiences. When it was found
how helpful this was to the probation officers in their work it was then
arranged to hold a series of evening meetings conducted by a psychiatrist
from the bureau, at which the probation officers had an opportunity to
learn much about personality and the emotions that has been very useful
to them in their regular work with children.
On July 1, 1950, a psychiatric outpatient clinic was opened at the
Norwalk Hospital bringing to seven the number of such clinics operated
under state subsidy. (Sec. 3830, 1949 revision of the general statutes). The
other hospitals operating clinics under this program are Greenwich, Stam-
ford, New Haven, Waterbury, Hartford, and St. Francis in Hartford.
In 1950-51. 17 private mental hospitals were licensed under the pro-
visions of Sec. 2683 of the general statutes, 30 boarding homes for the
mentally ill and mental defectives under the provisions of Sec. 2684.
BUREAU OF PREVENTABLE DISEASES
The bureau of preventable diseases receives daily from local health
officers, and tabulates and analyzes essential information on all individuals
ill with a reportable disease. The information is published in the weekly
report and monthly in the Connecticut Health Bulletin. Weekly, monthly
and annual reports are sent to the U. S. Public Health Service.
For the second year in succession an epidemic level of poliomyelitis
was reported. From July 1, 1950 to June 30, 1951 there were 481 cases
and 18 deaths. This is the first time in the history of the state that two
successive high-incidence years have occurred. The hospital, nursing and
medical facilities of the state proved adequate.
Many field investigations of disease were made at the request of local
health officers in an attempt to trace the cause and outline methods of
prevention. During the past fiscal year there were 788 field trips made by
members of the bureau.
Narcotics: The two narcotic agents made 1,841 field trips during the
fiscal year in the detection of drug addicts and control of narcotic dis-
pensing in drug stores and wholesale houses. The nation-wide interest in
the problem of teen-age drug addiction has led to an increase in the number
of talks requested of this division. It is interesting that in spite of the large
number of teen-age drug addicts reported from the large cities of the
country only two such instances have occurred in Connecticut.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 309
DIVISION OF CANCER AND OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES
The division of cancer and other chronic diseases administers the can-
cer control activities of the state department of health and cooperates with
the Cancer Coordinating Committee of the Connecticut State Medical
Society in the establishment and maintenance of cancer clinics, a mutual
education program for the medical profession, and in supplying a con-
sultation service to cancer clinics in general hospitals.
The division has also established heart disease control activities and
administers the federal grant-in-aid funds received for this purpose, in
cooperation with the Public Health Committee of the Connecticut State
Medical society and the Connecticut Heart association.
Cancer Control Program: During the fiscal year 1950-51, 5,443
new cases and 12,461 items of follow-up information were received, re-
corded, indexed and coded by the division. Analysis of material in the
cancer record register has furnished detailed information on 54,663 cases
of cancer. The register, on an entirely voluntary basis, has secured this
information.
Two more hospitals have established tumor clinics during this past
year. This division is aiding them in setting up registers for the recording
and reporting of their cancer cases. The register now receives reports from
29 general hospitals. This brings the coverage of the state register to almost
94 per cent of the general hospital beds in the state.
Two special studies have been developed in conjunction with commit-
tees appointed by the Association of Connecticut Tumor Clinics. A study of
cancer of the endometrium is being carried out on an individual hospital
basis. A study of cancer of the colon and rectum is being done on a state-
wide basis.
A special research grant for environmental cancer control has been
received. Field interviews consisting largely of detailed work histories of
known cancer patients are now being conducted by a specially trained staff
of public health nurses. The information thus obtained will be analyzed for
correlation of type of cancer with working environment and materials, thus
indicating potential carcinogenic agents.
Heart Disease Program: The activity of this division has been further
expanded. Twelve cardiac clinics, operated by local hospitals, receive
financial and technical support from this department ; organization of other
units is being considered, to comply with requests received from other com-
munities. These clinics provide diagnostic, consultation and auxiliary ser-
vices ; a mutual educational program for the medical profession has been
developed. A special unit for evaluation of work capacity of cardiac pa-
tients has been established at me New Haven Dispensary, in cooperation
with the division of vocational rehabilitation of the state department of
education and the Grace-New Haven Community Hospital. Detailed plans
for early detection of cardiovascular diseases have been formulated as a
part of a comprehensive program of chronic disease control. Active co-
operation is maintained with units of the division of crippled children and
with other state and voluntary agencies, particularly the Connecticut Heart
association and its local chapters.
310 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
From available statistical information it has been estimated that there
are approximately 135,000 clinical or sub-clinical cases of cardiovascular
diseases in Connecticut. Disability from these diseases causes 25 per cent
of the total disability from all causes. The number of deaths from car-
diovascular and renal diseases in Connecticut in 1949 was 10,458, this
being 55.6 per cent of the total deaths. The five-year average for the
period 1945-49 was 521.7 per 100,000 population.
Chronic Disease Program: The rapid advances in prevention and early
detection of chronic diseases were reviewed, and a new up-to-date detailed
program for the control of chronic diseases was prepared. Careful esti-
mates of the prevalence of common chronic diseases were made. Attention
was directed to the potential manpower reservoir for the defense effort
which could be expected if a full-scale program for the control and pre-
vention of chronic diseases were in operation. Laboratory assistance to
private physicians through a modification of the techniques of multiphasic
screening was outlined. In the interest of economy the program developed
consolidated as many as possible of the present clinics and activities of the
state department of health and voluntary agencies into one integrated whole
to accomplish the desired results. Although this program did not go into
actual operation, the educational values resulting from conferences, articles
and other discussion represent a distinct achievement. The Connecticut
Conference on Chronic Disease held May 8, 1951 represented the culmina-
tion of these efforts.
BUREAU OF PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATION
The prime function of this bureau is to assist the Commissioner of
Health in compiling and disseminating such information as may be of value
to health authorities and the people of Connecticut, as directed by section
3801 of the general statutes, revision of 1949. For this purpose, the bureau
staff plans, in cooperation with other sections of the department, develops
and produces suitable media, stimulates their appropriate and correlated
use, and channels the informative materials and health educational ser-
vices to the public. Chief vehicles and lines of communication are : periodi-
cals ; popular health leaflets ; films, slide-films, transcriptions, exhibits and
posters ; news releases on health and disease ; arrangements with com-
munity groups for discussions by department staff at state and local meet-
ings ; field and office consultative service to individuals, organized state
and local professional and lay groups, official and non-official health agencies.
Available for free distribution to Connecticut residents were copies of
150-200 different pamphlets to promote personal and community health;
13 new health educational leaflets were developed and published and 10
revised editions were produced.
Planning, editing, publication and distribution of the WEEKLY
PIEALTH BULLETIN and the monthly CONNECTICUT HEALTH
-BULLETIN continued as a regular and important function of the bureau.
Editorial assistance was given also to the quarterly publication of WHAT'S
NU IN NUTRITION.
Two health educators from the bureau made 263 field trips to 156
different towns to confer with local health officers and for consultative ser-
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 311
vices to representatives of other local groups to promote interest in com-
munity health education and formation of district departments of health.
BUREAU OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
This bureau promotes complete coverage of the state by public health
nursing services provided by local organizations and attempts to improve
the quality of public health nursing. The towns of Bethany and North
Stonington were provided for the first time with general public health
nursing service during the year. Consultation on current problems was
provided to 169 local health nursing agencies in 662 visits made by public
health nursing consultants. Sixty-five regional educational conferences were
arranged for nurses of small public health agencies, with a total attendance
of 1,292. Fifty-eight talks on public health nursing were given throughout
the state.
The special educational program of the year was on Nursing Aspects
of Atomic Warfare. The senior public health nursing consultant received
special preparation in this and served as chairman of a committee which
planned four two-day institutes in which 220 nurse-instructors were pre-
pared in this subject. These nurse-instructors have given 82 six-hour
courses with an attendance of 2,537 nurses.
The need for district departments of health was emphasized at every
opportunity and was the major topic pursued in 76 visits to 13 towns, and
one regional conference. This type of local health organization is the best
means of coordinating the 224 local public health nursing agencies and of
supplying qualified nursing supervision to 358 nurses now without it.
Public health nursing consultants in the bureau made 22 visits to 13
towns without general public health nursing services to interpret the need
for such service. Fourteen of the 72 eligible towns have taken advantage of
the law providing state aid for public health nursing. Local agencies were
advised of accepted standards of preparation for public health nursing and
were assisted in securing qualified nurses. Requests for assistance in rilling
64 vacancies were received from 39 agencies, reflecting the shortage of
qualified nurses. Five nurses studied public health nursing under scholar-
ships provided by the department and an apprentice experience of one
year was arranged for six nurses inexperienced in public health work.
Seventy interviews with nurses for vocational guidance were held.
BUREAU OF SANITARY ENGINEERING
The supervision of 109 public water supplies by this bureau includes
inspections of watersheds of public water supplies, approval of qualifications
of operators of treatment facilities, inspections and tests of 133 chlorination
plants and 26 filtration plants, investigations of cross connections between
public water supplies and unapproved private supplies which include
periodic tests of 134 installations of separating check valves, investigations
of complaints, collection of water samples for analysis, and inspection of
watering facilities used by all interstate railroad, vessel, and airplane car-
riers.
Periodic inspections were made of 47 municipal and 18 state institu-
tional sewage treatment plants. Qualifications of operators of public sewage
treatment plants must be approved. Plant operators were instructed in
312 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
operating procedures. Samples of treated sewage were collected for analysis.
The bureau cooperated in technical investigations and conferences on
pollution abatement with the Interstate Sanitation Commission, the New
England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission and the U. S.
Public Health Service.
The bureau approves plans and specifications for new public water
supply systems and public sewage and refuse disposal systems. It inspects
ice manufacturing plants, municipal refuse incinerators, shellfish areas and
production methods, swimming pools and bathing places. Many proposed
school sites outside of sewered areas were inspected, and school water sup-
ply and sewage disposal systems approved. A two-year sampling program
along the salt water shore in connection with bathing areas, as authorized
by the General Assembly, was completed this past year and information
furnished to local health officers. Most Connecticut cities and towns are
without trained sanitary engineering service, and advice and assistance are
rendered to local health officers in connection with many varied sanitation
problems and activities.
In the field of public eating place sanitation, instruction in inspectional
methods is given local health officers and sanitary inspectors. A local and
state cooperative program has been organized with use of a mobile lab-
oratory trailer unit. The program of inspections of eating places in various
cities and towns, swabbing of utensils, laboratory examinations by a
bacteriologist assigned by the bureau of laboratories, and short schools for
education of restaurant proprietors and food handlers were conducted in
6 cities and towns.
Surveys were made of housing sanitation and the adequacy of local
laws and regulations and their enforcement by local health officers. Assist-
ance is furnished local health officers, especially in rural areas, in inspec-
tion of trailer camps, boarding and lodging houses at tobacco plantations
and other agricultural establishments, and field sanitation for agricultural
labor. All organized recreational camps (149) were inspected in coopera-
tion with local health officers.
The bureau director has been .appointed state water coordinator with
associate water coordinators appointed from the Connecticut Water Works
Association and the Public Utilities Commission. A sanitation advisory
committee has been established to coordinate state and local defense activi-
ties in the sanitation field. Information on radiological hazards and decon-
tamination has been furnished to local officials.
The bureau carried out 5,138 inspections and investigations. The bureau
recommended for approval by the department: 7 public water supply
projects, 33 sewage treatment projects for municipalities and schools, one
refuse incinerator, one public swimming pool, one crematory (the first in
Connecticut) and one cemetery annexation. There were issued 203 cer-
tificates to shellfish dealers covering sanitation of shellfish areas and hand-
ling methods and sanitary inspections of oyster shucking houses, and 24
certificates were issued for interstate watering facilities.
Division of Mosquito Control: On January 3, 1951, in accordance with
Public Act 7, enacted by the 1949-50 General Assembly, the activities of
the former state board of mosquito control were assumed by the state
department of health and a newly created division of mosquito control es-
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 313
tablished in the bureau of sanitary engineering. Maintenance work con-
tinued on 10,409 acres of drained salt marsh area which was accepted by
the state board of mosquito control, including 4,681,460 feet of ditches.
BUREAU OF VENEREAL DISEASES
The venereal disease control program is maintained from state funds
and from funds allocated by Congress through the Federal Security Agency.
For the past several years federal funds for venereal disease control pur-
poses have been gradually reduced so much that it has been necessary to
curtail activities of the department in this held, as well as those in full-
time departments of health to which funds have been allotted for venereal
disease control.
For the past several years the prevalence of syphilis and gonorrhea
in this state has been on the decline. This has been particularly true since
1946. For the calendar year 1950, the prevalence of syphilis reached an
all-time low with 839 cases reported compared with 935 for the previous
year. There were 96 cases of early syphilis (primary and secondary) re-
ported, compared with 128 for 1949, which indicates an encouraging re-
duction in the communicable stages of syphilis. There were 783 cases of
gonorrhea reported in 1950 in contrast to 990 for 1949.
As in past years both the premarital and prenatal laws have been
important factors in protecting the family against the ravages of syphilis.
There were 204 individuals found to have positive findings for syphilis at
the state department of health laboratories, at the time of marriage, in
1950, compared with 245 for the previous year; a total of approximately
82 women were found to have significantly positive laboratory findings
at the time of the prenatal blood test in contrast to 95 women with similar
findings in 1949.
The bureau continued to cooperate with the 19 clinics located in the
larger cities throughout Connecticut in supplying the necessary drugs for
the treatment of individuals infected with syphilis, gonorrhea and the
other venereal diseases, who are unable to afford the services of a private
physician. The bureau also acts in an advisory capacity to these facilities
in medical and epidemiological problems. There are 56 treatment stations
located in the smaller communities where indigents may also be treated.
During the year 1950, there were 2,790 individuals treated. It has been
necessary to hospitalize only a few cases in the past year because of the
improvement in the treatment with penicillin on an ambulatory basis.
The educational program continues to yield encouraging results. Dur-
ing the fiscal year 1950-51, the assistant in health education gave 56 single
talks reaching approximately 4,010 individuals. There were two lecture
courses given consisting of 1 5 individual lectures.
BUREAU OF VITAL STATISTICS
The original birth, marriage and death certificates are in the custody
of the local registrars of vital statistics, who are directly responsible for
I he operation and enforcement of laws covering this subject. The director
makes field visits to the local registrars to coordinate local registration
activities and to ensure uniform application of the laws on vital statistics.
In 1950, a total of 81,102 copies of records were received by the
314 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
bureau of vital statistics, 1.2 per cent more than in the previous year. This
increase was due almost entirely to an upswing in the number of marriages.
The number of births, stillbirths and divorces actually decreased. The
reports are counted, reviewed for completeness and accuracy, indexed,
coded, and processed for use in statistical tabulations. A notice of registra-
tion of birth is sent routinely to each mother.
The bureau issued 4,536 certified copies of records in the fiscal year
1950-51. Copies are provided free to federal and state agencies in compli-
ance with section 577 of the general statutes, and comprises most of this
type of work done by the bureau. In addition, 7,992 statements confirming
that a record was on file with the bureau were furnished, usually in con-
nection with applications for drivers' license, working papers and enlistment
in the Navy.
Provisional tabulations of vital statistics data are prepared for each
issue of the department's monthly bulletin. An annual registration report,
consisting of 200 pages and providing much detailed information on births,
deaths and marriages for the guidance of state and local health officials, is
also published and distributed to interested persons and agencies, without
charge. Statistical data and analysis are also assembled for special studies
and on request and consultations on statistical problems in connection with
public health work given to members of the department staff.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The following recommendations are presented to meet the demands
of the people of the state for improved public health services :
A building to house all activities of the state department of health has
been urged and needed for many years to replace the present inefficient
and costly arrangement, with activities centering in four buildings in
Hartford.
Full-time district departments of health should be established to cover
all towns. Chapter 184 of the general statutes provides legal authority and
state financial assistance to accomplish this goal.
There should be an expansion of the programs of the state depart-
ment of health and of the Commission on the Care and Treatment of the
Chronically 111, Aged and Infirm, to include the prevention, diagnosis, treat-
ment and rehabilitation of the chronically ill. There is great need for early
case finding in chronic disease, utilizing multiphasic screening tests oper-
ated in cooperation with the physicians of the state. There should be more
diagnostic clinics for cardiac patients. The follow-up of all cancer cases
should be extended to assure completion of treatment.
Funds should be provided to equip laboratory quarters for the toxi-
cological services to medical examiners, coroners, police and prosecuting
officials as required by Public Act 4 of the 1949 November Special Session.
Although a small portion of the necessary personnel and equipment has
been provided, attention should be centered on expanding the services to
meet demands.
Quarters should be provided for virus disease investigations to serve
the expressed needs of physicians of Connecticut. Provision should be
made adequate to serve licensed dentists and licensed chiropodists in the
state as directed by section 409a of the 1949 supplement to the general
statutes.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH [ 315
The demand for psychiatric services for children is far from met. To
provide adequate service, the bureau of mental hygiene needs a total of 7
clinical units, each with a psychiatrist, psychologist, and psychiatric social
workers. A research and training center should be established where per-
sons can be taught preventive techniques in mental hygiene and new and
better methods developed. There is a drastic need for the training of
psychiatrists, psychologists and psychiatric social workers which might also
be met by scholarships.
Treatment of public water supplies by the addition of small amounts
of fluoride compound to reduce the incidence of tooth decay as successfully
carried out in two municipalities and two institutions should be extended.
There should be more emphasis on environmental sanitation. Closer
control of eating place sanitation and private sewage disposal should be
promoted by local departments of health which should be staffed with
qualified sanitary engineers and sanitarians. A qualified engineer should be
employed by the state department of health to assist communities in hand-
ling smoke abatement problems. The special program of sampling shore
bathing waters should be continued.
Premature birth is now the leading cause of deaths among infants ;
more emphasis is needed on research and methods for preventing premature
births.
Consideration should be given by the General Assembly leading to the
appropriation of funds for further development of the hospital program to
supplement federal grants under Public Law 725, "Hospital Survey and
Construction Act."
There is a need for health educators as state field consultants to pro-
mote community evaluation of health needs and to assist local health officers
in organizing their communities for programs, particularly in rural areas.
More nurses should be recruited for public health and assisted in securing
recommended preparation. More public health nursing consultants are
needed for the guidance of local public health nurses until the establishment
of district departments of health has resulted in more direct local public
health nursing supervision. Additional funds are needed to carry out the
statutory provisions concerning grants-in-aid to towns for public health
nursing.
More in-service education on nutrition should be provided physicians,
dentists, nurses, social workers, teachers and others in both public and
private agencies ; to accomplish this, more nutrition consultants should be
employed in state and local health agencies.
INTERSTATE SANITATION COMMISSION
Compact between — Connecticut, New York and
New Jersey
Compact effective — June 24, 1941 in Connecticut,
in New York and New Jersey, January 24, 1936
Statutory authority — General Statute, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 3546 to 3556
Administrative head — Setii G. Hess, Director and
Chief Engineer
Central office— WO William Street, New York 38,
New York
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Connecticut legislative appropriation $6,233.
(Connecticut pays 10 percent of operating ex-
penses.)
Expenditures for fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Connecticut payments $5,783.78
Connecticut members — Ex-officio — George C. Con-
*,liHi■i■■■■H■■!H■■*,^™ way, Attorney General ; Richard Martin, Direc-
tor, State Water Commission; Stanley H. O shorn, M.D. Commissioner
of Health. Appointed by Governor: Daniel F. B. Hickey, Stamford;
Andrew A. Radel, Bridgeport.
New York members — Natale Colosi ; Robert W. Highie, Jr.; Herman E.
Hilleboe, M.D. ; Hugh W. Robertson; Moses Spatt.
New Jersey members — J. Spencer Smith (Chairman) ; Daniel Bergsma,
M.D. ; William C. Cope; Harry N. Lendall ; Leon A. Watson
The Interstate Sanitation Commission is charged by the Tri-State
Compact with prosecuting programs for the abatement of pollution in
New York harbor and adjacent waters and to assure that each municipality
or other entity shall treat sewage or other polluting matter before dis-
charge into the interstate sanitation district so as to meet the standards
established in the Tri-State Compact. The commission has authority to
issue orders to bring about this pollution control program ; however, in
Connecticut the commission has been eminently successful in attaining its
objectives as a result of the efforts of the Connecticut State Water Com-
.mission and the State Department of Health. It has not been necessary
for the commission to issue a single order in Connecticut.
316
INTERSTATE SANITATION COMMISSION 317
The commission's orders have not been contested as to their reason-
ableness and although it has been necessary to resort to the courts for
enforcement of the orders in New Jersey, the commission's orders have
been sustained by the courts in every case.
Notwithstanding its authority to issue orders, the commission has made
every effort to bring about a pollution control program by means of co-
operation with established agencies within the states and through public
education. Through the spirit of cooperation engendered, through the
assistance of the various state pollution control agencies and through the
dissemination of information on the desirability of pollution control, very
satisfactory progress has been made.
Plants placed in operation within the past year will provide treat-
ment for 107.4 million gallons daily and serve 598,000 persons at a cost
of $13,737,550. Plants presently under construction have a total capacity
of 475.5 million gallons daily, will serve 2,775,210 persons and are built
at a cost of $93,379,655.
Connecticut is well in the lead in this program and it appears that
there will be no raw or untreated sewage discharged from the Connecticut
portion of the interstate sanitation district when the present construction
program is completed. The progress in New York and New Jersey con-
tinues satisfactory and unless there is a major change in the economic
situation or new emergencies brought about by unforeseen circumstances,
it still appears that there will be substantially no untreated sewage dis-
charged into recreational waters after 1953. There will remain some addi-
tional untreated sewage being discharged into the non-recreational areas
but it is anticipated that this will be under control by 1959. The commission
recognizes, however, that there are now coming into evidence treatment
plants which are close to their maximum capacity as well as other plants
which are unable to provide a discharge capable of meeting the established
Compact standards.
The commission has no source of revenue other than the appro-
priations made by the three states, Connecticut contributing 10 percent
of the commission's operating budget, New York and New Jersey each
45 percent. The funds appropriated are expended entirely for staff salary
and operating expenses of the commission. The members of the commis-
sion receive no salaries. Eighty percent of the appropriation during the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1951 was expended for salaries, 6 percent for
rent, 2 percent for official travel and 12 percent for other expenses.
COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
Established— July 1, 1935
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapters 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 126, 127,
130, 131 etal.
A dm in is tra t h < e h c a d-
sioner
-Robert J. Smith, Commis-
£»3SSE3»£
Deputy Administrator — John P. Kreminski, Dep-
uty Commissioner
Central office — State Office Building, Hartford,
Room 249 ; Telephone, 7-6341, Exts. 717 and 709
Average number of full-time employees — 666
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Appropriation (adjusted), $31,340,456.41
Federal funds : (Received during year)
Old Age Assistance and Aid to
the Blind $6,826,915.24
Aid to Dependent Children. . . $2,879,763.16
Child Welfare Services $76,484.45
Other Sources (gifts, etc.)
Local Funds ADC $ 1,120,032.28
Unexpended balances in Disbursing
Accounts 7/1/50 $55,320.97
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 :
Recurring operating expenditures . . . $31,238,630.87
State Funds (DPA) $15,394,847.98
Federal Funds (DPA)
Old Age Assistance and Aid to the Blind $6,953,945.69
Aid to Dependent Children $2,915,995.09
Child Welfare Services $85,031.03*
Other Funds (gifts, etc.)
Local Aid to Dependent Children $584,527.19
Capital Outlay $ 25,042.35**
*Expenditure total exceeds total Federal receipts for the year but there
was a balance of $12,340.61 at the start of the fiscal year.
**Capital Outlay expenditure item is included in amount of total expendi-
tures above.
318
COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE 319
OFFICE OF COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
Commissioner, Robert J. Smith.
Deputy Commissioner, John P. Kreminski.
All state welfare activities were placed in the Office of Commissioner
of Welfare by the 1935 session of the General Assembly and authorized the
Commissioner of Welfare to administer the child welfare program, state aid
and collections activities and the administration of the federal-aided cate-
gorical forms of public assistance, that is, Old Age Assistance, Aid to De-
pendent Children and Aid to the Blind.
The Office of Commissioner of Welfare consists of the following divi-
sions : Administrative and Statistical, State Aid and Collections, the Public
Assistance Division, and the Child Welfare Division.
At the end of the fiscal year June 30, 1951, the department had 662
positions and 148 automobiles used by workers that were operated at an
average cost of three cents per mile, excluding insurance premiums and de-
preciation.
The total amount expended by the entire department for the year ended
June 30, 1951 was $31,238,630.87, whereas the total receipts collected by
the department, excluding federal reimbursements, amounted to $4,893,-
463.83.
The welfare medical program has shown a tendency to increasing costs.
The legislature of 1949 enacted a statute effective July 1, 1951 which pro-
vides for the payment by the state of the actual cost of hospitalization to
state-aided hospitals for its beneficiaries, which will increase the hospital
cost during the next biennium.
DIVISION OF CHILD WELFARE
The Division of Child Welfare operates through a central administra-
tive office located in Hartford and is divided into five district and two unit
offices.
As of June 30, 1951 there were 172 approved positions in the Division
of Child Welfare, all of which with the exception of 14 were filled. Of this
total 102 were field workers. As of that same date there were 33 approved
positions in the Rural Child Welfare Services units (paid from Federal
funds). All but 4 of these positions were filled. Of this total 21 were field
workers.
All appointments in the Division of Child Welfare and Rural Child
Welfare Services are made under the Merit System.
EXPENDITURES
Capital Outlay for year ended June 30, 1951 (office and motor
vehicle equipment) $ 11,765.65
Total recurring operating expenses for year ended June 30, 1951
(for supervision of state and county wards) 509,833.53
Total expenditures for year ended June 30, 1951 (covering board,
clothing, medical care, etc. for state wards) 767,066.76
Total $1,288,665.94
Temporary Reimbursements (reimbursement to towns for care
of non-committed children in temporary placement) $ 224,987.76
Rural Child Welfare Services (from Federal funds) 85,031.03
320 COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
The State reimburses the Counties $3.50 per child per week for the
care of children committed to the County Boards of Management. Although
not included in the Division of Child Welfare budget this is a part of the
Office of Commissioner of Welfare budget. Such reimbursement for the
year ended June 30, 1951 was $524,978.28.
Sources of Income:
General budget of Office of Commissioner of Welfare.
Towns reimburse the state 3/10ths of the cost of care per state ward
who has town settlement. The state billed towns for the vear ended June 30,
1951, $239,567.89.
Federal funds from Children's Bureau for Rural Child Welfare Ser-
vices.
Purposes, Operations and Chief Services:
The statutes place upon the Commissioner of Welfare the responsibility
for the "general supervision over the welfare of children who may require
the care, protection or discipline of the state."
(1) Investigation of petitions filed in the Juvenile Court of neglected
or uncared for children for commitment to the Commissioner of Welfare
(if under six years of age or not committable to the Counties), or to the
County Boards of Management (if over six years of age).
Petitions filed for commitment of children for year
ended June 30, 1951—1258
Children committed to Commissioner of Welfare for year
ended June 30, 1951—395
Children committed to County Boards of Management for year
ended June 30, 1951—461
Children for whom plans were made other than commitment for vear
ended June 30, 1951—371
(2) Finding and approving foster homes for committed children.
Homes studied and approved during year ended June 30, 1951 — 914
Total number of homes approved and in use on June 30, 1951 — 2130
(3) Placement and supervision of children committed to the Com-
missioner of Welfare and the County Boards of Management.
Total number of committed children as of June 30, 1951 — 5101
State wards— 1810
County wards — 3291
Children in approved placement under Division of Child Welfare
supervision as of June 30, 1951 — 4458
State wards— 1810
County wards — 2648
Total county wards in County Temporary Homes and private institutions
serving as County Homes, under supervision of Division
of Child Welfare as of June 30, 1951—572
In County Temporary Homes — 368
In other institutions — 204
County awards under County (Middlesex) supervision
as of June 30, 1951—71
COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE 321
(4) Working with parents and relatives to rehabilitate family in order
to return children and revoke commitment.
Children returned and commitments revoked for year
ended June 30, 1951—167
State wards — 54
County wards — 113
(5) Committed children placed for adoption in carefully selected homes
and petitions filed in Probate Courts.
Committed children for whom petitions were filed and studies
sent to courts during year ended June 30, 1951 — 113
(6) Making studies for Probate Courts of petitions filed for adoption
of children independently placed other than through a licensed agency.
Total number of independent adoption studies made
during year ended June 30, 1951 — 493
(7) Study, licensing and supervision of private child caring agencies
and institutions in the state.
Child Placing Agencies licensed as of June 30, 1951 — 22
Child Caring Institutions licensed as of June 30, 1951 — 18
(8) Study, licensing and supervision of family homes accepting children
on a private boarding basis.
Licensed private boarding homes as of
June 30, 1951—360
(9) Approval of temporary placement by towns and reimbursement to
towns for non-committed children.
Total number of children for whom towns were reimbursed
during year ended June 30, 1951 — 718
(10) Making requested studies of social situations involving children
and reporting to out-of-state agencies.
Total studies made during year ended June 30, 1951 — 171
(11) Rural Child Welfare Services, giving services and supervision to
children primarily in their own homes in rural areas, to prevent family dis-
organization, neglect and necessity for commitment. »
Total number of children served during year ended
June 30, 1951—1550
DIRECTION PROGRAM SHOULD DEVELOP
The year 1950-51 is beginning to show the results of the effectiveness
of our efforts in certain concentrated areas mentioned in our 1949-50 report.
We believe these areas should continue to be stressed inasmuch as they are
the most effective in reducing the total case load and more important, making
permanent plans for the children.
The priorities which we have been primarily concentrating on this year
are the placement of children in adoption homes, and efforts at returning
children to relatives with eventual revocation of commitment.
322 COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
(1) The adoption program which was put into operation lias demon-
strated its effectiveness in that for the last 3 years, over 100 children each
year have been placed in permanent adoption homes and petitions filed. Each
year there has been a slight increase over the preceding year ; this year the
exact number was 113. At the minimum cost of care of $600 a year per child
this is a saving of $67,800 a year in tax funds. The median length of stay of
a committed child under governmental guardianship is 9 years, 10 months,
and 4 days. Therefore, the 321 children placed in adoption homes in the
last three years represent a potential saving of tax funds of slightly less
than $2,000,000.
(2) Our second area of concentration has been to wurk with parents
and relatives to help reestablish their homes, their interest in the children,
and when sound, to return the children under supervision. If after a suffi-
cient trial period the situation appears to be established and stable, and the
child's care is satisfactory, we revoke the commitment. This year the com-
mitment of 167 children was revoked and the children removed from the
case load and the cost of their care discontinued.
In the year 1950-51, although we had 395 children committed to the
Commissioner of Welfare or 30 more than the previous year, our number of
state wards under care as of June 30, 1951 was 27 less than the previous
year. The total number of state and county wards under care as of June 30,
1951 was 19 less than the previous year. This year also showed a larger
number of children over six years of age committed to the Commissioner of
Welfare, or a total of 62. This latter group, not committable to the counties,
all present extreme problems of emotional disturbance, physical handicaps,
or mental deficiency. They require psychiatric facilities which are not avail-
able in the state, facilities for the chronically ill child, or admittance to a state
institution for the feeble-minded. At the present time we have 129 children
who are on the waiting list for Mansfield or Southbury ; 103 children who
are candidates for these institutions but for whom we have not yet sub-
mitted the required summary ; 102 children who are classified as chronically
ill requiring specialized care; and over 125 children who are so emotionally
disturbed that they require specialized psychiatric treatment not now possi-
ble through out-patient psychiatric clinic facilities or our placement facilities.
The program under which the Division of Child Welfare must operate
provides care and supervision for the normal child primarily in a foster home.
Yet almost 500 children are under the care and supervision of the Division
of Child Welfare wlio require special institutional treatment facilities.
DIVISION OF STATE AID AND COLLECTIONS
Director, Clayton S. Squires.
Assistant Director, Marvin A. Barrett.
This Division is charged with reimbursement to towns for the care and
support of persons having no legal settlement in any Connecticut town ; the
collection of monies for State institutional care ; the supervision of the four
Indian Reservations and three Tribal Funds; the transfer of recipients of
public assistance to other states and to countries where they belong, and
negotiating the return of Connecticut residents from other jurisdictions ;
the protection ol the financial interests of veterans who are patients in State
COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE 323
institutions and others incapable of managing their own affairs ; working
with conservators, administrators, and other fiduciaries of estates of men-
tally ill patients ; and the collection from towns of 3/10ths of the expense
involved in the care of children under six years of age committed to the
Commissioner of Welfare.
During the year we were able to collect the sum of $2,918,043.24 for
the care of patients in state institutions and $241,158.50 from towns for
their 3/10ths share in the care of children under commitment to the Com-
missioner of Welfare; a total collection of $3,159,201.74, or $345,373.79
more than last year.
Under the provisions of Section 2606 of the General Statutes we will
reimburse Connecticut towns approximately $2,765,000.00 for the care and
support of 9,394 persons, or a per capita cost of $294.35. During the previ-
ous year the per capita cost was $250.20, based upon an expenditure of $2,-
977,336.78 for the care of 11,900 persons. This per capita increase is due
to higher living costs and more payments for hospital care.
The following tables concerning Indian affairs are submitted in accord-
ance with the provisions of Section 7168 of the General Statutes.
TABLE I
EASTERN PEQUOT INDIAN FUND
July 1. 1950— June 30. 1951
Balance on hand July 1, 1950
Receipts: Interest on bank account
Rentals
Dividends : 5 shares Uncas Merchants
National Bank Stock
Expenditures: None
Balance on hand Julv 1, \l>5\
ASSETS
Cash on hand $ 2,677.16
220 acres of land 3,000.00
8 houses 12,850.00
5 shares Uncas Merchants
National Bank Stock
Cert. #276 (par value) 500.00
SCHAGHTICOKE INDIAN FUND
July 1, 1950— June 30, 1951
Balance on hand July 1, 1950 $ 752.34
Receipts: Interest on bank account $ 18.91 18.91
$ 58.52
165.00
$ 2,413.64
40.00
263.52
$ 2,677.16
$ 2,677.16
$ 771.25
Expenditures: None
Balance on hand July 1, 1951 $ 771.25
ASSETS
Cash on hand $ 771.25
400 acres of land 3,000.00
4 houses 10,050.00
324 COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
WESTERN PEQUOT INDIAN FUND (LEDYARD)
July 1, 1950— June 30. 1951
Balance on hand July 1, 1950 $ 2,253.96
Receipts : Interest on bank account $ 56.67 56.67
$ 2,310.63
Expenditures: None
Balance on hand July 1, 1951 $ 2,310.63
ASSETS
Cash on hand $ 2,310.63
179 acres of land
(Reservation) 1,800.00
5 acres of land, detached 50.00
3 houses on Reservation
and 1 house detached 5,400.00
GOLDEN HILL TRIBE (NO FUND)
ASSETS
House $ 2,800.00
Land 1,000.00
TABLE II
INDIAN APPROPRIATION
Appropriation, July 1, 1950— June 30, 1951 $ 5,000.00
Expenditures 4,419.05
Unexpended balance June 30, 1951 $ 580.95
COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE 325
TABLE III
INDIAN TRIBES
July 1, 1950— June 30, 1951
In Residence on Reservations
during Fiscal Year : 43
Eastern Pequot 13
Schaghticoke 8
Western Pequot 6
Golden Hill 1
Not Indian 14
Other Tribes 1
On Reservation full time : 24
On Reservation part time : 19
Received Aid : 24
Received No Aid: 19
Eastern Pequot Reservation :
Eastern Pequot 13
Not Indian 8
Other Tribes 1 22
Schaghticoke Reservation :
Schaghticoke 8
Not Indian 3
Other Tribes 0 11
Western Pequot Reservation :
Western Pequot 6
Not Indian 2
Other Tribes 0 8
Golden Hill Reservation :
Golden Hill 1
Not Indian 1
Other Tribes 0 2
In Residence on Reservations
as of June 30, 1951 31
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COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
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COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE 327
DIVISION OF PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
As of June 30, 1951 there were 382 approved positions in the Division
of Public Assistance, 16 of which were vacant. Of the 366 employees on the
payroll, 182 occupied executive or social work positions and 184 were cleri-
cal workers. Eight employees in executive or social work positions and 87
clerical workers were assigned to the central administrative office in Hart-
ford.
The division of public assistance provides financial assistance to needy
persons who are aged or blind, and to families with dependent children who
are deprived of support or care because of the death, absence or incapacity
of one or both parents. Public assistance for these needy groups is provided
under special laws passed by the General Assembly — Old Age Assistance
in 1935, Aid to the Blind in 1937 and Aid to Dependent Children in 1941.
These laws have been amended in each legislative session since their
passage. Most of the amendments have liberalized the provisions of the law.
This has resulted in making more people eligible and in making them eligi-
ble for higher amounts of assistance.
Standards of Assistance:
Assistance is not granted in a fixed amount. The amount depends on
the circumstances of each case. The law requires that all income and re-
sources be taken into consideration and deducted from the estimated cost of
essential living expenses. Uniform cost standards for the various items of
expense, such as food, clothing, fuel and personal incidentals, are applied
in all cases. The only variable is rent, which is budgeted as paid, within
reasonable limits.
In June 1951, Old Age Assistance beneficiaries received an average
award check of $60.58, families on Aid to Dependent Children received
checks averaging $107.59 and blind beneficiaries received $65.78.
From 1935 to 1949 the law specified a maximum amount that an aged
or blind individual could receive. In 1949 the General Assembly removed
this maximum and directed the Commissioner of Welfare to determine need
on an individual basis in accordance with standards of assistance established
by him.
Connecticut ranks fifth in the average amount of its Old Age Assist-
ance and Aid to Dependent Children awards. The cost of living is compara-
tively high in this state and this affects the amount of assistance needed for
basic maintenance needs. The fact that earnings and per capita income are
also high in this state results in Connecticut having a relatively low percent-
age of aged persons and dependent children on public assistance. In Decem-
ber 1949, the latest month for which this kind of data is available, Connecti-
cut had 110 persons on Old Age Assistance per 1,000 population in the age
group 65 years and over, as compared with 241 in the country at large.
Connecticut's ratio was the lowest of any New England state.
In Connecticut only 18 children under 18 years of age in each 1,000 of
the population in this age group were receiving Aid to Dependent Children,
as compared with 33 in the country at large. Again this was the lowest ratio
in New England.
Responsibility of Relatives:
The law states that an aged or blind person is eligible for public assist-
ance provided he does not have a spouse or child able to support him. It is
328 COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
expected, therefore, that such relatives will contribute according to their
financial ability. They are required to supply complete and accurate informa-
tion about their income and resources. If they are able to give only partial
support, public assistance is granted to supplement the support which they
can give. Similar provisions in the General Support Law apply in Aid to
Dependent Children cases.
The enforcement of laws relating to support by relatives presents many
difficulties. Grown children, particularly married children with families of
their own to support, are often reluctant to make regular cash contributions
to their parents. Many children, however, have voluntarily assumed re-
sponsibility for helping their aged parents. Married sons and daughters
frequently provide a home with no obligation on the part of the aged parent
to do more than to pay for his own food and personal expenses. About 35
percent of all Old Age Assistance beneficiaries live with married children
who not only share their homes with their parents, but give them invaluable
care and personal attention. Employed children living at home with their
parents are expected to contribute according to a standard established by
the Commissioner of Welfare.
Caseloads:
Caseload activity for the year is summarized in the following table :
Applications
Active Assistance Cases
OAA ADC AB Total
OAA ADC AB Total
As of July 1, 1950
1,239 608 43 1,890
19,893 5,268 274 25,435
Total for year
7,005 3,538 184 10,727
23,486 7,267 352 31,105
Added during year 5,766 2,930 141 8,837 3,593 1,999 78 5,670
Closed during year 6,162 3,118 152 9,432 3,524 1,628 44 5,196
As of June 30, 1951 843 420 32 1,295 19,962 5,639 308 25,909
The upward trend in applications for assistance noted in reports for the
past three years was reversed during the past year. The 8,837 applications
received represented a decrease of 19 percent as compared with the number
received during the preceding year. The percentage decrease was consider-
ably higher for Old Age Assistance (20.9) than for Aid to Dependent
Children (14.9).
Although there was a net gain of 474 in the number of active assistance
cases during the year, the gain was much less than that for the preceding
year, the gain was much less than that for the preceding year (4611).
The law specifies that investigations of applications shall be completed
within 60 days. Although this is not always possible, the majority of appli-
cations are completed within this time limit and 25 percent are completed
within 30 days. The importance of a careful investigation of all applications
is indicated by the fact that a high percentage is denied. During the past
year 40 percent of the applications investigated were denied. The percentage
denied was higher for Old Age Assistance (41.7) than for Aid to Dependent
Children (35.9).
Effect of Increased Federal Social Security Benefits:
As a result of amendments to the Social Security Act passed by the
Congress in August, 1950, monthly benefits paid to recipients of Old Age
and Survivors' Insurance were substantially increased. The increase was
included in checks paid on October 1, 1950. At the same time, 4,471 public
COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE 329
assistance awards were decreased to reflect the increased income from Social
Security benefits. These benefits are based on the insured person's past
earnings. Public assistance, however, is paid according to current need and
since both federal and state laws require that all other income, including
Social Security benefits, be taken into consideration in determining need, it
was necessary to reduce public assistance payments in alL cases where such
payments were needed to supplement the insurance benefits. In a consider-
able number of cases, public assistance was discontinued entirely because the
increase in Social Security benefits was sufficient to enable the individual or
family to be self-supporting.
Medical Program:
So long as a person is eligible to receive an award check for regular
living expenses, the Division of Public Assistance pays for his hospitaliza-
tion and necessary medical care according to established fee schedules. Sup-
plementary assistance checks were formerly issued to beneficiaries who were
responsible, in turn, for paying their medical bills. This system was changed
on November 1, 1950 and payments for medical care of all kinds are now
made direct to doctors, dentists, druggists and other individual practitioners
and vendors.
Cases Requiring Services Other Than Financial Assistance:
Criticism of the public assistance program is sometimes directed toward
the living conditions or behavior of persons receiving assistance. The Divi-
sion is greatly concerned about these problems and workers are instructed
to bring them to the attention of their supervisors so that plans can be
made in cooperation with other agencies in the community, such as the
Humane Society, the courts, health officers and others, to solve the par-
ticular problem in the best interest of the aged person or child affected.
The entire public assistance caseload was recently analyzed to identify
all of the so-called "problem cases" and it was found that there were 1,306
such cases, representing approximately 5 percent of the total caseload. The
incidence of such cases is higher in the Aid to Dependent Children program
because eligibility for this type of assistance arises from family situations in
which there are problems connected with the father's death, absence or
incapacity. A substantial percentage of the cases involve desertion, separation
or divorce, with attendant problems of personal inadequacy and disruption
of family life.
Among the aged, the major problem is chronic illness, often resulting
in physical or mental deterioration to a point where the individual cannot
adequately care for himself or his home. Many aged persons, even though
they are feeble and ill, cling to their independence and cannot be easily per-
suaded to leave their own homes. The Commissioner of Welfare has no
legal control over the person and must seek the cooperation of other authori-
ties in any case requiring removal of the person from his home against his
will.
Aid to Dependent Children cases present a variety of problems rang-
ing from poor housing to questionable behavior or mental deficiency of the
mother. Illegitimate children are born to some of these mothers. Illegitimate
children, like other children, are in need of support and a good home. Often
330 COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
their own mothers are anxious to provide a home for them. Unmarried
mothers are eligible for Aid to Dependent Children under the Connecticut
law.
Under new legislation passed this year by the General Assembly a
concerted effort will be made by the courts and the Division of Public Assist-
ance to obtain support from fathers who have deserted their wives and
children. Similar laws have been passed by 38 other states and reciprocal
arrangements will be set up so men who have deserted theif families in
Connecticut can be brought into court in other states on charges of non-
support and placed on orders to contribute a stated sum. An officer of the
Court of Common Pleas has been appointed in each county to be in charge
of this work and special procedures for referral and follow-up of all Aid to
Dependent Children cases involving non-support are being set up.
Financing of Public Assistance:
All three programs of public assistance are jointly financed by the state
and federal governments. The state appropriates the necessary funds and
receives reimbursement for actual expenditures according to a mathematical
formula set up in the Social Security Act. At the present time, federal funds
meet 40 percent of the cost of assistance paid to aged and blind beneficiaries
and 37 percent of Aid to Dependent Children payments. The federal govern-
ment also pays 50 percent of all administrative costs. Administrative costs
represent less than 5 percent of total expenditures. Towns formerly paid
three-tenths of the cost of Aid to Dependent Children, but they were relieved
of this responsibility on October 1, 1950, when increased reimbursement
from the federal government was made available.
A summary of the Division's expenditures for the year appears at the
end of this report.
Reimbursement for Assistance :
Under special provisions of the law, the State claims reimbursement
for assistance when a beneficiary receives money from sale of property,
inheritance or any other source or when a deceased beneficiary leaves insur-
ance or an estate. Collections amounted to $632,73S.S7 for the year ended
June 30, 1951.
COMMISSIONER OF WELFARE
331
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PUBLIC WELFARE COUNCIL
r.$3Bg&a*eMom6u£&m*
Established— 1873
Statutory reference — Sec. 2860 to 2865 plus 15
other sections
Administrative head — William W. T. Squire,
Director
Acting administrator — (June 1951), Albert C.
Hoover, Acting Director
Central office — State Office Building, Room 201 ;
Telephone 7-6341— Ext. 858 & 859
Average number of full-time employees — 9
s Funds for Operations — -Fiscal Year 1950-1951:
Appropriation— $37,901 .05
Expenditures — Fiscal Year 1950-1951:
State Funds— $36,941.15; Capital outlay, $2.65
Organization structure — Administrative and In-
spectional Division, Research Division
The members of the Public Welfare Council and the places of their
residence are : Austin D. Barney, Farmington ; Mrs. Louise H. Fisher,
Hartford; Mrs. Frances H. Haight, Stamford; Rev. Charles B. Ratajczak,
Bridgeport, and Walter Howe, Litchfield.
In their capacities as members of boards of management of county
temporary homes for children, the members of the council continue to be
concerned over the fact that county wards pass from care at the age of
eighteen, that foster homes must be found for them before they pass from
care so that they may have a home to go to and that guardianship be pro-
vided for them until they reach the age of twenty-one.
BOARDING HOMES FOR THE AGED
The largest single task of the council's staff has been the inspection,
licensing, and supervision of operators of homes where two or more per-
sons over the age of sixty are boarded. As of June 30, 1951, there were 350
persons in the state licensed to care for 4,525 of such aged persons. On
June 30, 1950 there were 317 persons licensed to care for 4,780 aged per-
sons, so that during the year there was a net gain of 33 persons operating
such homes, or about 10%, and a net loss of 255 in capacity of the homes.
332
PUBLIC WELFARE COUNCIL 333
Reports filed by the inspectors of welfare institutions during the year
show that they made a total of 996-visits, divided as follows:
Boarding homes for the aged 650
Almshouses 63
Private institutional homes for the aged 48
State-aided general hospitals 34
County temporary homes for children 29
Private mental hospitals 20
State institutions 32
Other state-aided institutions 4
Town officials and other individuals 116
Total 996
THE COUNTY JAILS
Each of the ten county jails in the state was inspected twice during the
year by the director or the acting director.
A reading of the detailed reports of inspection, on file in the council's
office, reveals that the officials in charge of the jails are, in the main, doing
a commendable job in operating these institutions in the face of such diffi-
culties as antiquated plants, lessened opportunities for inmate employment,
rising living costs, and increased difficulties in securing employees, particu-
larly in custodial positions.
The resident population of the jails, at the time of inspections in the
spring of 1951, was as follows:
Fairfield County Jail (Bridgeport)
Fairfield County Jail (Danbury)
Hartford County Jail (Hartford)
Litchfield County Jail (Litchfield)
Middlesex County Jail (Haddam)
New Haven County Jail (New Haven)
New London County Jail (New London)
New London County Jail (Norwich)
Tolland County Jail (Tolland)
Windham County Jail (Brooklyn)
Total 1,010 39 1,049
PROBLEMS CONCERNING MENTAL ILLNESS
As was mentioned in its report for last year, the Council is conscious
of a gap in its reporting system concerning persons suffering from mental
illness. It is still not receiving reports of persons receiving psychiatric treat-
ment in the offices of private practitioners and in general hospitals. Attempts
are still being made to work out ways and means of securing this informa-
tion which would be of great value, particularly to planning agencies in the
field of mental hygiene.
Under the provisions of Section 2860 of the General Statutes, the
council receives and catalogues quarterly reports from the fifteen private
mental hospitals in the state covering all admissions and removals of
patients suffering from mental and nervous diseases. Additionally the coun-
cil receives individual admission and discharge cards for all persons ad-
mitted to or discharged from these institutions. These cards are filed in a
Men
Women
Total
218
9
227
8
—
8
467
18
485
13
2
15
21
1
22
206
8
214
26
1
27
18
—
18
4
—
4
29
—
29
334 PUBLIC WELFARE COUNCIL
confidential file. A review of the summary reports shows the following vol-
ume figures for the year ended March 31, 1951. It was not possible at
the time of this report to give complete totals for the year ended June 30th.
as several of the hospitals had not filed their reports for the final quarter,
but it is expected that the totals for the latter period will not vary greatly
from those for the period covered.
In Admitted Died or other- In
Mental Cases
(12 insts.)
Other Cases
(11 insts.)
Institution
Apr. 1, 1950
382
526
during
year
1.087
1,796
wise removed
during year
1,092
1,011
Institution
Alar. 31, 1951
377
411
Total 908 2,883 3,003 788
Under the provisions of Section 2649, the private mental hospitals are
required to notify the secretary of the Public Welfare Council of all cases
of emergency admissions and of the discharge or other disposition of such
cases within the statutory limit of thirty days. Between July 1, 1950 and
June 30, 1951, a total of 290 such emergency admissions was reported to
the secretary. Reports of discharge or other disposition of 264 persons were
received during the same period. The apparent difference of these totals
lies in the fact that there were several more reports of admission in June
1951 than in June of 1950, as well as the fact that some of the June 1950
admissions were either discharged, signed voluntary commitment applica-
tions or were committed by probate courts prior to June 30, 1950.
OTHER DUTIES OF THE COUNCIL
During the year, 99 petitions in adoption of children who were wards
of the Commissioner of Welfare were approved by signature of three
members of the Public Welfare Council in accordance with the provisions
of Section 2635 of the General Statutes. This corresponds with 97 petitions
so approved during the fiscal year 1949-50 and with 77 petitions so ap-
proved during the fiscal year 1948-49.
A total of 21 licenses to solicit in Connecticut for charitable or philan-
thropic purposes on a state-wide basis were granted during the year by the
Public Welfare Council under the authority delegated in Section 8606 of
the General Statutes. These licenses are granted on a calendar year basis
and are issued only after an investigation of the efficiency and integrity of
the organization requesting the license. In some instances it appears that
philanthropic organizations are unaware of the provisions of this Connecti-
cut law and the fund drives have already been planned and in some cases are
in actual operation before they come to the notice of the Public Welfare
Council. At times it is found that high-ranking public officials have already
lent their support to the drive without determining whether or not the
organization is licensed by the Public Welfare Council. Local police, Better
Business Bureaus, Chambers of Commerce, arid other agencies also refer
cases to the council if they believe that unlicensed soliciting is going on in
the state. Several cities have formed agencies which approve local fund
drives, but in most cases these approvals do not conflict with our licensing
PUBLIC WELFARE COUNCIL 335
power as we license only for state-wide solicitation. Some difficulty has
been encountered in the field of solicitations for religious purposes.
During the year the Public Welfare Council prepared and published
its biennial report to the Governor for the period ended June 30th, 1950.
After a lapse of several years, there was again included in this report a
directory of welfare and health services available to the people of Connec-
ticut. This directory, which was prepared in connection with the work of
the Council's staff for the Juvenile Welfare Committee, shows for each
of the 169 towns in Connecticut the agencies, both public and private,
having a staff qualified to offer a generalized family diagnosis and treatment
plan to persons needing such help. It also includes information on other
available agencies to which a person in Connecticut may turn for help with
any one of the many welfare or health problems which may be expected
to confront a portion of our population at any time.
RESEARCH DIVISION
Cooperation with the Juvenile Welfare Committee during the year
occupied less time than in previous years, except during the month of June
when the research director was designated acting secretary of the committee.
The Council expects during the next year to issue its customary bi-
ennial revision of the Social Welfare Laws of Connecticut, a publication
which has proved to be of value to public and private social agencies in this
state and elsewhere.
The Stamford social breakdown study was continued and in cooperation
with the Stamford Community Council these data were secured and tabu-
lated for the years 1949 and 1950.
The study of illegitimately pregnant patients who were delivered of
babies in the general hospitals in the state during March and April 1950
has been completed and it is understood that the state department of health
is establishing a limited program based on the findings of the study.
Future Plans of the Division: The staff's major project for next year
will be a study of the welfare laws in accordance with the provisions of
Senate Bill 708.
It expects to continue the operation of the Central Registry through
working on the backlog of cases and continuing to record cases admitted
to the state's institutions. Hope is expressed that at some future date it
will be possible to expand this into a state-wide Social Service Exchange
such as is being maintained by all of the other New England States except
Connecticut.
COMMISSION ON CARE AND TREATMENT
OF THE CHRONICALLY ILL, AGED
AND INFIRM
BBBBM
,1 ' caBaaaaM—B— i
Established— 1945
Statutory authority — Sections 4193-7 Revision of
1949 f Public Act. 441, Section 2—1947; Special
Act 470—1947; Special Act 446—1947
Administrative head — A. Nowell Creadick, M.D.,
Medical Director
Deputy administrator — James R. Gould, Deputy
Director
Central office — Hospital for Chronic Illness, Rockv
Hill; Telephone, Hartford 9-2571, Ext. 208
Average number of full-time employees — Commis-
sion staff, 3 ; Hospital staff, 58
Organisation structure — Administration, Depart-
ment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,
Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery,
Department of Education, Social Service De-
partment, Audiology Department, Laboratory
Average number of inmates or patients — 1,076
ANNUAL REPORT
.Net Expenditures, 1950-1951
1. Ordinary Operating Expenses of the Commission :
Personnel $12,564.18
Contractural 1,206.08
Supplies 144.26
Total
. Grants in Aid to Hospitals :
Grace-New Haven Community Hospital
Stamford Hospital
Bristol Hospital
Hillside Hospital — Bridgeport
New Britain Memorial Hospital
47,000.00
none
10,000.00
25,000.00
70,000.00
Total
$13,914.52
$152,000.00
336
COMMISSION ON CHRONICALLY ILL, AGED AND INFIRM 337
3. Operation of Hospitals :
A. Personnel $237,141.96
B. Contractural 17,930.00
C. Supplies 14,581.61
J. Equipment 22,406.65
Total $292,060.22
June 30, 1951, marks not only the end of the fiscal year, but also the
conclusion of the biennium and the termination of the quadrennium covered
by the appropriations made to this commission in 1947. Therefore, it is
an appropriate season to survey the accomplishments, criticize the short-
comings and draw deductions for future guidance. During the past year
1 .076 patients have been treated by physicians at our request.
REGULAR RECURRING EXPENSES OF THE COMMISSION
The Commission continues to manage a number of funds and agencies.
However, the auditors, this year, have cautioned us that we are expecting
too much in keeping eleven separate funds accurately recorded, managing
the many details of hospital administration and keeping a satisfactory
inventory with so few accountants. They recommend the employment of
a full-time person of auditor-accountant grade, and separating hospital
administration from keeping of fiscal records.
GRANTS IN AID TO HOSPITALS
New Britain Memorial Hospital: Some years ago the commission
was pleased to discover the New Britain Memorial Hospital — a small, non-
profit, chartered institution, originally built by the city of New Britain
and used to house chronically ill patients. The type of work and the at-
mosphere made it an outstanding success. The commission has given aid
in each successive year to increase the facilities and provide some addi-
tional therapy for these patients. This widens the availability of the hos-
pital without adding a burden to the per capita diem cost to the patient.
Two years ago the General Assembly voted a large grant to this institution
out of the $17,000,000 Humane and Welfare Institutions Building Pro-
gram Commission Bond Issue to erect, on land owned by the New Britain
Memorial Hospital, an extensive addition which would ultimately provide
for 700 patients. The use of this fund was delayed by repeated strictures
put upon the venture which in the end required a law suit. Since the
favorable outcome of this action, the construction of the first portion has
been begun.
A short statement from the President, J. C. Andrews, follows:
1. Grant of $75,000 for completion of basement and construction of
twelve bed southwest addition.
Committed
Paid
State Grant
$75,000.00
$75,000.00
Authorized to June
30 $92,030.43
$89,957,26
Balance
(Deficit) $17,030.43 (Deficit) $14,957.26
Patients were admitted to the Southwest Addition on September 11, 1950.
.US COMMISSION ON CHRONICALLY IT. I., AGED AND INFIRM
When this contract is completed the hospital will have expended $17.-
030.43 of its own money to complete the project tor which the state granted
875,0X30. This was only possible because of the fact that this hospital has
funded its depreciation and had the money available to carry on when the
state grant was exhausted.
2. Grant of $25,000 for subsidy of capital and operating charges as com
mitted below :
Committed
Paid
State Grant
$25,000.00
$25,000.00
Authorized to Date
$25,000.00
$24,232.51
Balance
767.49
On September 11, 1950, the first patient was admitted to the new 12
bed wing which raised our bed capacity to 57. During the year there were
48 admissions, 33 discharges, and 14 deaths. The rehabilitation program
was carried on by the assistance of a physiotherapist and an occupational
therapist, each coming to the hospital three days a week. It is essential
that we have a physiotherapy program with a full-time staff, preferably
two full-time workers.
The medical staff needs X-ray equipment, an electrocardiograph, a
basal metabolism machine, and dental equipment. The medical staff now
comprises 61 physicians and 5 dentists.
Grace-Nczv Haven Community Hospital: Physician in charge of
rehabilitation — Dr. Thomas Hines.
The unit in connection with the Grace-New Haven Community Hos-
pital, created under a grant of this commission two years ago, is now in
satisfactory operation under a full-time physician. An analysis of the ex-
penditures to date and a short statement from Dr. Hines as to the load
follows :
PHYSICIAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
Grace-New Haven Community Hospital
Physical equipment, structural change, and capital outlay from be-
ginning of program to June 30, 1951 :
1. Structural alterations: $8,360.00
2. Fixed equipment :
Includes Hubbard tank $3,877.20 9,637.20
3. Supplies and expense: 1,200.00
4. Salaries: 31,669.66
Director 10,169.44
Occupational Therapist 5,126.00
Physical Therapist 5,394.00
Social Worker 6,296.00
Assistant Resident 1,380.00
Nursing Supervisor 2,036.22
Orderly 1,268.00
5. Deficit paid on two cases 775.00
Total expenditures $51,641.86
Total grants : $35,000 + $22,000.00 $57,000.00
Balance 5,358.14
COMMISSION ON CHRONICALLY ILL, AGED AND INFIRM 339
Number of Patients: One hundred and ten patients have been cared
for, a total of 6,500 patient days. Slightly over 50 per cent discharged to
their own homes, some with very marked improvement. About 20 per cent
of the patients died during their hospital stay.
The most common diagnoses were arthritis, poliomyelitis, post-
operative and traumatic paraplegia, and quadriplegia, multiple sclerosis,
amputees, and cardiovascular accidents.
The Stamford Hospital: The committee in charge: Dr. James E.
Crane, Dr. Beckett Howorth and Dr. Robert H. Abrahamson.
The past two years this ward has been used to the full capacity, but
there have been very few public assistance cases in proportion to the pri-
vate case load. The hospital is in the midst of a development of its physical
plant, following which a development of the department of physical medicine
and rehabilitation may be expected. The reason for the limited use by the
state patients will be discussed in a later paragraph.
Patients admitted to rehabilitation Ward :
Patients currently in the hospital 2
Pending applications 2
Previously admitted 1
Patients admitted to occupational
service under other arrangements 4
The department is currently treating a total of thirty-four patients.
Of those seven are referred from the ward and nine from the outpatient
clinic. Two of the in-patients were admitted under the program for the
Care of the Chronically 111, Aged and Infirm. Another is a recipient of
Old Age Assistance, recovering from a cerebral accident.
Bristol Hospital, Inc.: The committee in charge: Dr. Walter A. Dal-
main, Chairman ; Dr. Laplume, Dr. Brezina, Dr. Tirella and Dr. Rich-
ardson.
The program got under way as soon as the grant from the state of
Connecticut was received. The second floor of the main building was
allotted for the rehabilitation patients.
In view of the fact that as far as the Bristol Hospital was concerned
the program was entirely new and experimental, the tentative budget of
expenditures as set up necessarily had to be adjusted to meet conditions
which arose. We were able to effect savings in the salaries of an occupa-
tional therapist, physical therapist and orderly, and consequently from an
overall viewpoint we have kept well within our budget. The following
personnel were engaged :
Occupational Therapist — -part time $1,925.00
Physical Therapist— part time 2,748.00
Orderly— part time 505.98
Social Worker — part time 1,750.00
C )ther expenses from the grant of the state are as follows :
Structural Changes 3,293.72
Physical Equipment 928.82
Capital Equipment • 1,736.84
Total $12,888.36
The balance of the 1950-51 grant was 7,477.63
340 COMMISSION ON CHRONICALLY ILL, AGED AND INFIRM
Since the inception of this program we have had a total of 1 1 patients
whose hospital stay totaled 638.
The following suggestions have been offered for the year 1951-52:
1. A more detailed psychiatric program.
2. A full-time physical therapist who has had special training in re-
habilitation procedure.
3. A full-time orderly who will devote his entire time to patients on the
program.
4. A full-time occupational therapist.
5. The sending of one or more of our physical therapists to the Hospital
for Chronic Illness at Rocky Hill for specialized training.
6. An educational program for the local doctors to utilize the present
facilities for private patients.
Hillside Hospital, Bridgeport : It is a pleasure to report that the first
grant in aid to the city of Bridgeport to improve the facilities of the
municipal institution known as the Hillside Hospital has just been made.
Our commission has looked forward for a long time to the development of
a sizeable unit in the Bridgeport area, and this is the beginning of that
development.
The requirements set up by the commission for grants in aid involved
the establishment of departments of physical medicine and rehabilitation.
At least 50 per cent of the new beds set aside for this purpose were to be
available for welfare cases. It was hoped that the new techniques could,
in this way, be taught to the practitioners of medicine around the state ;
that the welfare cases would benefit and, at the same time, pay patients
might be cared for in the same way to prevent them from later becoming
so handicapped that they too would come to the state for relief. The
sudden and rapid increase in costs for hospital care has defeated this aim,
for it is obvious that state and town welfare departments must care for
the acute emergencies among their beneficiaries, but who will not have the
funds for long-term care of chronic patients, the results of whose treat-
ment cannot be guaranteed or secured quickly. It is a problem to have a
few of these units available, but until costs are stabilized at a lower level,
the likelihood of their widespread use is not great. This means that the
state will be required to establish some major units, owned and operated
by the state to carry the bulk of this load and at the same time subsidize
the care in a few general hospitals.
Pressure has been brought to bear on the commission to provide
beds for handicapped and aging who require constant nursing attention.
Continued need has been expressed for a low-cost domicile for those who
are too handicapped to live at home or in a rented room, but are not in
need of hospital care. Meanwhile, we are committed to care for at least
450 patients presently in the mental hospitals who do not belong there,
and here, we are told that the overcrowded conditions currently existing
in the mental institutions are due to the fact that three out of every
ten present admissions are elderly people who are referred to them because
there is no other facility for their care. With these needs in mind, we
have continually recommended the establishment of state-supervised insti-
tutions. The Federal Hospital Survey and Construction Act specifies 4,022
beds are needed for chronic care in Connecticut.
COMMISSION ON CHRONICALLY ILL, AGED AND INFIRM 341
When first proposed in 1943, the cost was estimated at six million
dollars for three major projects. In 1947, the commission said it would
cost nine million dollars for the same institutions. Currently, they cannot
be completed under twenty-one million dollars. In November, 1949, we
proposed three projects: One in New Britain, one in New Haven and one
in Bridgeport.
The New Britain project was chosen for the first venture because
it seemed likely that that could be put in operation most promptly. Thi:-
required the approval of the General Assembly — the use of the bond money
was voted and the subsequent delays have been cited above. Two years
have gone by — over half a million dollars of construction have been lost by
inflation and the use of the facility for patients has not yet been attained.
The second venture was the purchase of the old Grace Hospital prop-
erty in New Haven and the development of that site for the second unit.
This was approved by the General Assembly of 1951, added to the twenty-
six million dollars Humane and Welfare Institutions Building Program
Commission bond issue and an option secured from the hospital society for
the property.
The New Haven site consisted of six acres of land, a complete fire-
proof hospital of 150 beds, and was located in an area where medical and
lay staff could be secured.
THE MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF HOSPITAL
FACILITIES
In 1947, the General Assembly established a pilot study unit under
the joint control of the Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission and the
commission on the Care and Treatment of the Chronically 111, Aged and
Infirm, to which 2,600 veterans and 110 to 130 chronically ill patients
have been admitted annually.
The choise of this location for the pilot unit was very fortunate be-
cause the veteran patient presents the same problems and requires the
same type of care. It is not generally understood that by law the state of
Connecticut has established a general hospital at the State Veterans' Home
and requires that care be provided for any resident veteran who has been
honorably discharged from the Armed Forces of the United States or
any of its allies, who further states that he is unable to provide for his
treatment at private expense. This is much broader than the provisions
made by the Federal Veterans Administration. Currently," the Federal
Veterans Administration is only caring for service-incurred disability.
When we entered this joint relationship, we subscribed to the addi-
tion of a complete department of physical medicine and rehabilitation.
We voted to add a deep X-ray treatment unit and we agreed to pay for
additional medical personnel. Despite the fact that this staff is serving ten
times as many veterans as it is welfare patients this is not unjustifiable
for the staff is being trained preparatory to use in the other facilities to be
added later.
Among the findings that our experience of the last four years have
brought to light is the fact that sheltered domiciles are required for those
patients who have been rehabilitated or who are so handicapped that they
cannot live in their own homes, in homes that they are able to rent and
342 COMMISSION ON CHRONICALLY ILL, AGED AND INFIRM
have no relatives on whom to rely. There are a number of cerebral palsy
cases who can take care of themselves, but who cannot do so in the usual
home.
The commission looked with favor upon the Mary Stillman Harkness
Home as an ideal solution for our problem. We realize that other agencies
had a priority by reason of the will, but we specified that our patients
could participate in the operation of the plant so that it would not require
so much of an outlay to keep it up. It is conveniently located and would
ably answer our purposes without much capital outlay for change. This
point of view found favor with the 1951 General Assembly; the property
has been secured by the state, but up to this time, we have heard no report
as to its disposition.
SOLDIERS', SAILORS' AND MARINES' FUND
Established— 1919
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 2957 to 2960
head — E. P. Armstrong, Adminis-
Administrative
trator
Pcputy administrator — Benjamin B. Truskoski,
Assistant Administrator
Central office — Arkay Building, 500 Capitol Ave-
nue, Telephone, 7-6341, Ext. 461
Average number of full-time employees — 18
Organization structure — Branch offices are main-
tained in the four largest cities. The New Haven
office is located in the City Hall of that City; the
Hartford local office is maintained in the State
Armory on Broad Street; the Bridgeport office
is maintained in the State Office Building on
Fairfield Avenue, Bridgeport, Connecticut, and
on which rental -is paid. The Waterbury office is
maintained in the Apothecary Hall Building for
which rent is paid.
The Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' Fund provides assistance to honor-
ably discharged Connecticut veterans who served during World War T,
World War II, the Spanish American War, or to their wives, living with
them ; their widows, living with them at time of death ; and their children,
under sixteen years of age, who may be in need of assistance.
Custody of the fund is placed in a Board of Trustees — which is com-
posed of the state investment committee and the State Treasurer. Members
of the board of trustees are : Frank M. Lynch, Commissioner of Finance and
Control; Michael Dolak of West Hartford; Lewis B. Phelps of Andover;
and Joseph Adrono, the State Treasurer. The members of the board of
trustees, other than the Treasurer and Commissioner of Finance and Con-
trol, are appointed by the Governor for a period of four years.
The improvement in business conditions noted in our 1950 report pre-
vailed throughout the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951 with the result that
the Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' Fund was called upon to disburse only
343
344 SOLDIERS', SAILORS' AND MARINES' FUND
about one-third the funds required during the preceding year. The decline
in disbursements was gradual, reaching its lowest point during the last
three months of the fiscal year.
Most noteworthy of the activities during the past year was the financial
assistance provided families of Connecticut veterans who were recalled to
military service. Considerable delay in receipt of allotments caused many to
seek assistance during the period between the discontinuance of civilian in-
come and receipt of military pay and allotment. Several hundred dependents
of the 43rd Division personnel were so affected.
Of interest also, is legislation enacted by the General Assembly during
its most recent session. This legislation, effective October 1, 1951, makes
eligible those persons who served in the Korean theater between June 25,
1950, and a date to be fixed later, and who are honorably discharged
from service.
Although disbursements during the past year were the second highest
of record, it is quite apparent that the $548,203.33 is almost one million
dollars less than the peak expenditure of a year ago when disbursements
totaled $1,511,713.43.
Because of the decreased work load, it has been necessary to effect re-
ductions in staff and otherwise economize so as to reduce operating expenses
to conform to current needs.
COMMISSION ON ALCOHOLISM
Established — July, 1945
Statutory authority — Section 2737, Revision of 1949
Administrative head — Dudley Porter Miller,
Ph.D., Executive Director
Central office — 51 Coventry Street, Hartford; Tele-
phone, 7-4228
Average number of full-time employees — 41
Valuation (cost) of plant — $519,265
Average number of inmates or patients — 28
Organisation structure — Blue Hills Clinic, (Head-
quarters), 51 Coventry St., Hartford; Telephone,
7-4228. New Haven Clinic, 412 Orange St.;
Telephone, 7-5931. Bridgeport Clinic. 1188 Main
St., Room 522; Telephone, 5-8101. Stamford
Clinic, 159 Main St. ; Telephone, 4-9597. Niantic
State Farm for Women ; Telephone, Niantic 97.
Waterbury Clinic, 165 Grove St.; Telephone, 5-7517
THE COMMISSION
Selden D. Bacon, Ph.D., Hamden, Chairman ; Charles T. Bingham,
M.D., Hartford, Vice-Chairman ; Nathan Sherman, Mt. Carmel, Secretary ;
George Leary, Wilton; Harry M. Tiebout, M.D., Greenwich; Dudley P.
Miller, Ph.D., New Haven, Executive Director.
Persons suffering from alcoholism represent a cross section of Ameri-
can society. It has been estimated that there are 50,000 alcoholics in Con-
necticut. Many of these are men and women of superior personal assets.
Others have made only a limited success of life. Yet all have in common an
inability to abstain from the use of alcohol and a lack of control when they
begin drinking. As a public health problem, alcoholism requires an inte-
grated medical and social approach to correction and prevention.
During the year, the Commission was able to complete the first step in
inaugurating a comprehensive treatment and research program on alcohol-
345
346 COMMISSION ON ALCOHOLISM
ism. This goal was realized with the opening and operation of hospital ser-
vices at the new fifty-bed Blue Hills Clinic in Hartford. The inpatient fa-
cility complements the outpatient clinical program instituted earlier by the
Commission in the principal population centers of the State.
At the Blue Hills Clinic, 739 patients have been under hospital treat-
ment. The admissions included 626 men and 113 women. The women's
ward of 8 beds was opened on August 1, 1950.
Outpatient clinical services have been maintained in Hartford, New
Haven, Bridgeport and Stamford. A part-time clinic conducted one day
weekly in cooperation with the administration of the Connecticut State
Farm for Women at Niantic has continued to provide services to women
at the institution.
A new outpatient service was opened in Waterbury on February 19.
1951 at the request of local community agencies and leaders. The clinic con-
ducted since 1948 at the Rocky Hill State Veterans' Home and Hospital
was discontinued on January 31, 1951.
During the year, a total of 1,297 patients, 1,033 men and 264 women,
were treated at the various Commission outpatient clinics.
BLUE HILLS INPATIENT PROGRAM
The establishment of hospital care for alcoholics at Blue Hills Clinic has
provided a stimulus to public awareness of the Commission's function. Care
of the alcoholic in the home is difficult. It is an unsatisfactory situation for
both the physician and the family. The opportunity to refer a patient to a
medically supervised institution operating at a minimum cost has been recog-
nized by the general practitioner and by relatives of the alcoholic. This has
been especially true in situations involving women patients and the 8-bed
ward reserved for such patients has operated consistently at capacity, fre-
quently with a waiting list. During the period January 1-June 30, 1951,
patients were admitted from 77 cities and towns in the State.
Admission to Blue Hills is arranged through either of two channels. A
person under the care of a private physician may be admitted on applica-
tion of the doctor. Other cases are expected to be examined at one of the
outpatient clinics and referred from the clinic to the hospital by a physician
on the clinic staff.
The referral procedures have been established by the Commission for
the protection of the prospective patient. Blue Hills is not a general hospital.
It is not equipped to handle nor was it intended to provide medical care for
certain types of acute or chronic disease conditions which are often obscured
by intoxication. A medical examination preliminary to admission will reveal
the existence of disorders for which the patient should be referred directly
to a general hospital and not to Blue Hills.
Patients cannot ordinarily be admitted to the hospital except while the
medical staff is on duty. This is between the hours of 8 :30 A.M. and 4 :30
P.M., Monday through Friday and from 8:30-11:30 A.M. on Saturdays.
Provision for admission of patients on a 24-hour basis, 7 days per week,
would require an expanded medical and nursing staff. Not only does the
present budget make such additional operating expense impractical but the
COMMISSION ON ALCOHOLISM 347
possibility of securing competent personnel is limited. During the past year,
a vacancy for a resident physician has remained unfilled because of the lack
of qualified applicants for such a position.
The primary function of the Blue Hills Clinic is to assist the alcoholic
to reorient himself under medical supervision in the period following a
drinking episode, or at a time when emotional tension is mounting and con-
trol in sobriety is threatened. Diagnostic and rehabilitative services in the
fields of medicine, psychology, psychiatry, and social case work are available.
While some patients require a minimum of medical care, others require
intensive and prolonged medical and psychiatric attention. It becomes neces-
sary occasionally to transfer a case to a private general hospital or to a'
state institution. It has been the policy of the hospital staff to refer most
patients to the outpatient clinic nearest their place of residence for indi-
vidual medical and psychiatric assistance and follow-up.
In more than one-half of the cases admitted, extreme nervousness and
anxiety were displayed concerning family, occupational, or financial crises
precipitated by the recent drinking episode. These problems usually require
social case work exploration before the patient can be discharged, in some
situations before the man or woman can become sufficiently stabilized to
benefit from the therapeutic procedures available at the hospital.
It is understandable that the length of stay varies widely among patients
according to individual needs. Approximately 30 per cent of the admissions
during the past year remained 7 days or less; 28 per cent, 1-2 weeks; 15
per cent, 2-3 weeks, and the remaining 27 per cent from 3-16 weeks. Four
individuals receiving systematic individual psychiatric treatment remained
12-16 weeks. The average stay for all patients was 14 days. During the year,
a total of 10,316 patient days accrued.
"Antabuse" therapy has been carried out with a selected number of
patients and intensive research investigation of the psysiological and psycho-
logical action of the drug is being conducted. A systematic program of group
therapy for all patients has been initiated which is integrated in the total
therapeutic activity of the hospital.
A brief stay at Blue Hills should not be looked upon as a "cure" of
alcoholism. The problem of uncontrolled drinking involves the behavior of
the total person and drinking is only one aspect of behavior. Some patients
are able to benefit from brief hospitalization to a degree that they respond
favorably either to outpatient referral, the Alcoholics Anonymous program
or some combination of these approaches. Other individuals may require
long term individual counseling either at a clinic or by a private physician.
All patients following discharge from Blue Hills are in need of systematic
treatment of one type or another over a considerable period of time and re-
ferral to a clinic or Alcoholics Anonymous is usually arranged before the
patient leaves Blue Hills. Many patients who have failed to respond to any
approach before admission to Blue Hills are influenced favorably by the
impact of the combined professional services available at the hospital to
accepted outpatient assistance.
OUTPATIENT SERVICES
While the total number of new cases seen at the outpatient clinics re-
mained about the same as in the preceding year, 1 ,004 in 1949-1950 and 1 ,003
348 COMMISSION ON ALCOHOLISM
in 1950-1951, significant changes occurred among the sources of referral. The
largest number of referrals was made by physicians, a 70 per cent increase
from this source over the preceding year. Alcoholics Anonymous was the
second largest referral agency and an increase of 55 per cent over the pre-
ceding year was shown. Social agencies ranked third in the amount of refer-
rals. The increased interest in the work of the Commission displayed by
physicians and by Alcoholics Anonymous — the two community resources
closest to the problem of alcoholism — suggests the degree to which the clini-
cal approach is being recognized and accepted.
Connecticut industry is becoming aware of the services which the Com-
mission offers and an increasing number of referrals is being made by indus-
trial nurses and personnel officers. The effectiveness of the recently estab-
lished Waterbury Clinic can be attributed in part to the excellent cooperation
between the clinic staff and three of the large industrial plants in the Com-
munity.
Outpatient services constitute the foundation of the Commission treat-
ment program. It is through the clinics that systematic individual treatment
is maintained, contacts with the family or employer are continued, and the
concept of alcoholism as an illness is interpreted to the public. Yet there are
numerous cases which can be handled only after a period of hospitalization.
The program of Blue Hills and of the outpatient clinics complement each
other and there is no overlapping of services.
COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES AND PREVENTION
The Commission has continued to publish the Connecticut Reviczv on
Alcoholism for distribution to libraries, schools, social agencies, judges,
physicians and a number of citizens who request it. During the year the
Review, which was introduced in September, 1949 on a bi-monthly basis,
was published monthly except during July and August. Alternate issues
consisted of a new Alcoholism Treatment Digest, a series of abstracts of
technical articles prepared from world literature for the Commission by
the editorial staff of the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol in New
Haven. Because of the technical character of the material, the Digest issues
are mailed only to libraries and to persons active on a professional level in
the treatment and control of alcoholism.
It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of a publication like the
Connecticut Review which must compete for reader time and interest with
similar journals issued by private and public health agencies.' In May,
1951, the Commission undertook a survey of reader attitudes concerning
the usefulness and justification for continuing the Review. A random
sample of 1,000 of the 4,200 names on the mailing list of the Review was
circularized with a brief questionnaire and the responses tabulated. Ninety-
five per cent of replies indicated a desire to have publication of the Review
continued. The few persons expressing lack of interest were engaged in
specialized fields to which they believed the problem of alcoholism un-
related, e.g., obstetricians and pediatricians.
Requests by civic groups for speakers and inquiries about literature
on alcoholism to be used in preparation of special reports on this topic by
college students have increased consistently during the year. The Hartford
COMMISSION ON ALCOHOLISM 349
Ministers' Fellowship and psychology and sociology classes from the Uni-
versity of Connecticut, New Britain Teachers College, and Hartford Theo-
logical Seminary have visited Blue Hills and met for discussion with staff
members. Lectures and seminar talks were delivered by various staff mem-
bers at the Yale University Summer School of Alcohol Studies.
Although popular attitudes change slowly, there is evidence that in
Connecticut the concept of alcoholism as a medical and social disorder which
is treatable is gaining recognition as result of the activity of the Commis-
sion since 1945. This is the groundwork on which prevention of the dis-
order will expand and flourish.
OPERATING COSTS
The total operating costs of all Commission services during 1950-1951
amounted to $248,773.39. Expansion of services at Blue Hills and the
opening of the Waterbury Clinic resulted in a net increase from 43 to 57
persons on the Commission payroll as of June 30, 1951.
The gross inpatient operating costs at Blue Hills amounted to $124,-
468.37. Fees paid by patients totalled $24,181.22, leaving a net operating
cost of $100,287.15, or $9.72 per patient day.
Operating costs for all outpatient clinics amounted to $124,305.02.
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES FOR THE FISCAL YEAR
JULY 1, 1950 - JUNE 30, 1951
RECEIPTS
Cash Balance July 1, 1950
Liquor Permit Fees Received
Receipts from Patients and Miscellaneous
$273,687.41
270,185.00
24,992.86
PFNDTTTTRFS
568,865.27
. Hi 1 N \-J X ± kJ JLv Hi O
Personal Services
Contractual Services
Supplies and Materials
$197,761.01
21,040,14
29,972.24
Total Operating Expenditures
Equipment
New Structure (Blue Hills Clinic)
248,773.39
3,411.72
6,763.75
Total expenditures
258,948.86
Cash Balance June 30, 1951
$309,916.41
PLANS FOR THE FUTURE
During 1951-1952, the Commission proposes to expand its services to
the extent allowed by budgetary considerations.
1. At the present time, there are no treatment facilities under Com-
mission sponsorship in the eastern part of the state. A request for estab-
lishment of an outpatient clinic has been made by an interested group in
New London. An Advisory Committee on Alcoholism has been function-
ing in Meriden for two years, and a number of agencies have joined in its
request for treatment services in that community. It is anticipated that at
least one part-time clinic will be set up in a community not at present having
such a service.
350 COMMISSION ON ALCOHOLISM
2. Consideration is being given to development of a program of as-
sistance to alcoholic patients in State Tuberculosis Sanatoria, with the co-
operation of the medical officers of the several hospitals.
3. The chronic drunkenness offender presents a difficult problem for
the courts and the community. In every case, there are social, economic
and psychological difficulties aggravated by uncontrolled drinking. Few of
these chronic court cases respond to an outpatient approach. Hospitaliza-
tion at Blue Hills for a week or two serves for them chiefly as a period of
recuperation and preparation for resumption of drinking. No community
in the nation has resolved this problem although various experimental
projects are being tested. The Commission recognizes the necessity for
an evaluation of some systematic approach to solution of this condition in
Connecticut. It is prepared to undertake a cooperative program with Wel-
fare agencies, County Sheriffs and County Jail officers in the rehabilitation
of selected men and women committed to the jails on drunkenness charges.
4. An expansion of work with school systems and community health
education programs is anticipated. In this area, however, it is not within
the responsibility of the Commission to initiate direct action. Its services,
materials, and personnel are available to schools and other agencies request-
ing cooperative assistance. An effort will be made to encourage greater
use of Commission services.
5. The development of closer liaison with selected industries is expected
to result profitably not only to individual alcoholics but to industry and to
the state as a whole in savings through increased family income and re-
duction in welfare costs.
The effectiveness of the total Commission program is determined by
the extent to which the community-at-large recognizes the kinds of services
available and the advantages which will accrue from the use of. these
services. Alcoholism is a slow progressive disorder, destructive of indi-
vidual and family health and happiness. Recovery may also be a slow de-
velopment. Recovery from the conspicuous symptoms of uncontrolled
drinking can be and usually is dramatic and attention-getting. As such, it
is a convincing and effective form of public education and prevention of
the disorder.
MYSTIC ORAL SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
romfwimwifuwMM Established — 1809
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 1626 to 1629
Administrative head — Alan Y. Crouter, Superin-
tendent
Deputy administrator — Lillian Rose Croutek,
Principal
Central office — Mystic Oral School, Mystic; Tele-
•T&tJK/^Bm phone 5-2687
«JL^ i..^r~<?^~~- Average number of full-time employees — 49
^sas^^^sss^&esss^sfsr^?^^ () rganization structure — Administrative Depart -
ment, School Department, Household Depart-
ment, Infirmary, Farm
S Valuation (cost) oj plant— $727,917
Average number of inmates or patients — 96
Executive Staff: Alan Y. ("router, Superintendent; Lillian Rose Crouter,
Principal.
Board of Trustees: T. W. Dahl, President, Norwich ; Rosemary Park,
Secretary, New London; A. Duncan MacDougall, M.D., Groton; Mrs.
Alma Eshenfelder, New London; Mr. Arthur Rov, Willimantic.
The Mystic Oral School for the Deaf is a residential school existing
for the express purpose of providing by purely oral methods an adequate
education to the deaf youngsters who come to it. This method excludes
the use of finger-spelling or signing throughout the entire school. It is
the sincere belief of the school that this completely oral environment is
best for the growth of the deaf child.
Children throughout the entire state who suffer a hearing loss to the
extent that they cannot be adequately educated in schools for hearing
children and who are of sound mind and body are eligible for admission.
The educational program starts at the pre-school level and extends up
through approximately tenth grade. The children are taught to talk, read
the lips, and master subjects usually taught in public schools. In addition
to the usual academic subjects, woodworking and related activities are
351
352 MYSTIC ORAL SCHOOL
taught to the older boys and cooking and sewing are taught to the older
girls. Art is taught to all the older children. A staff of specially trained
teachers is necessary to carry on this work.
Every effort is made to develop a well rounded program. Religious
instruction is given every week and all but the very youngest children go
to church on Sundays. Adequate entertainment is provided. Activities are
planned to get our children into association with the hearing world. Our
older boys and girls go to the New London Y. M. C. A. to swim, bowl, and
play basketball. Our older girls enjoyed the use of the gymnasium, during
the winter, at Williams Memorial Institute, New London. Sports and
athletics are encouraged to the full extent of our facilities.
Being a residential school, our school must provide all the services
which a hearing child requires at home. His leisure time is supervised by
Counsellors experienced in working with deaf children. His meals are
planned and prepared under the direction of the matron with the co-
operation of the school doctor, school nurse, and an itinerant dietician
working out of the State Department of Health. The health of the child
is watched over by the school physician, who is on call at all times. A local
dentist of high standing takes care of the child's teeth and a nearby ear,
eye, nose and throat doctor stands ready to meet our need in his field of
medicine. Where circumstances warrant it, clothing is provided for our
boys and girls. All of these services are rendered free of charge if necessary
and no child is neglected.
The school was able to continue to provide individual hearing-aids.
These aids were given outright to the boys and girls who received them.
The school plans to continue this program so that no child who might
benefit from using a hearing-aid will be without one.
The Mystic Oral School is located in Mystic. The total valuation of
the school's real property as of June 30, 1951, was $727,917. The property
consists of about 123 acres of land.
A brief financial statement for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951,
shows the following :
Total capital outlay for year ending June 30, 1951. . $2,364.73
Total recurring operating expenses for year ending
June 30, 1951 183,943.84
Total expenditures $186,308.57
During the same period the school had 54 approved positions and 54
persons employed. The expense incurred for support, care, and education
is, except so far as such expenses may be paid by pupils or their parents or
guardians, borne by the state, in such amounts as may be appropriated by
the general assembly per capita per annum.
VETERANS' HOME AND HOSPITAL COMMISSION
I— Mi a "-■ -'■'-ha
ti toBMggeaS<88«igiBa»aiBitmMMBS
MTmmrnnum-pirr
Established — July 1, 1927
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Chapter 133
Aministrative head — Colonel Raymond F.
Gates, Commandant
Deputy administrator — Major Donald T. Peck,
Administrative Officer
Central office — Veterans' Home and Hospital,
Rocky Hill, Hartford ; Telephone 9-2571
Average number of full-time employees — 333
i Organisation structure — Executive Department,
Adjutant's Department, Quartermaster's Depart-
ment, Finance Department, Hospital Department,
Farm Department, Maintenance Department,
Veterans' Benefits Department, Laundry Depart-
ment, Chronically 111, Aged and Infirm
Valuation (cost) of plant— $5,899,405.69
Average number of inmates or patients — !
The Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission, consisting of eight
members, two commissioners appointed biennially by the Governor, July 1,
in the odd years, for terms of eight years each, is responsible for the ad-
ministration of the Veterans' Home and Hospital. The members of the
commission are : William J. Wholean, Chairman, Hartford ; Alvin C. Smith,
Vice-Chairman, Milford ; Arthur J. Connell, Secretary, Portland ; Samuel
S. Mattes, Treasurer, Middletown; Benjamin Stewart, Bridgeport; Frank
Mongillo, M.D., New Haven ; Daniel J. Gallagher, Norwich ; Lawrence
Cianciolo, D.M.D., Torrington.
The Veterans' Home and Hospital is for the domiciliary and hospital
care and treatment of disabled veterans who served in or with the military
or naval forces of the United States in time of war, or in any campaign
or expedition recognized as such by the War or Navy Department, or
who served in or with the forces of any government associated with the
United States in either World War I or World War II, who served at
353
354 VETERANS' HOME AND HOSPITAL COMMISSION
any time between the dates specified in the statute, provided any such
person who was not a resident or resident alien of this .state at the time
of his entry into such service shall have resided continuously in this state
for at least two years. Veterans requiring care and treatment may be ad-
mitted upon application to the commission.
The Veterans' Home and Hospital is located in the town of Rocky
Hill on a site of 310 acres with 52 buildings thereon, all of fireproof con-
struction with the exception of those in the farm area which are frame and
a cemetery plot of two acres located in the town of Darien. The total
valuation of all of the real property is $5,869,468.69.
Facilities at Rocky Hill: Administration Building; Assembly Build-
ing, including an auditorium, a Catholic and Protestant chapel and visitors'
lounge ; mess hall, kitchen and commissary building, including library,
game, radio, television, and storage rooms, and barber shop ; two barracks
buildings for domiciliary care, total bed capacity, 776 ; General Medical and
Surgical Hospital Building, bed capacity, 548 ; doctors' apartments ; nurses'
home ; men's and women's dormitory buildings ; power house and laundry
building ; garages ; shops ; single residence ; gate house ; greenhouse ; farm
buildings, and a sewage treatment plant.
At the beginning of the fiscal year the number of veterans present
was 998, new admissions during the year numbered 1,197, and readmis-
sions 1,894, a total of 4,089 veterans receiving care and treatment during
the period. Of this number 3,016 were discharged. There were 165 deaths.
On June 30, 1951, there were 908 veterans on the rolls of the home and
hospital, 229 of these, veterans of World War II and 8,096 veterans of that
war have received care and treatment through June 30, 1951.
The Home Hospital Unit is a member of the American Hospital Asso-
ciation, and is registered with the American Medical Association.
During the year the department of physical medicine and rehabilitation
received approval by the Council on Medical Education of the American
Medical Association for residency training in the field of Physical Medicine
and Rehabilitation.
Upon admission, all veterans received a complete physical examina-
tion, including chest X-rays, dental survey and blood typing. Dentures,
spectacles and prosthetic appliances were furnished. Ambulance service
was provided.
The total expenditures for the operation and maintenance of the
home and hospital and capital outlay were $1,379,494.75.
The only sources of income of the home and hospital other than the
legislative appropriation amounted to $143,064.90 and were from miscel-
laneous sales of junk, equipment, barber services, livestock in the amount
of $29,055.18 and refunds of expenditures on account of the commission
on the Care and Treatment of the Chronically 111, Aged and Infirm in the
amount of $114,009.72.
Income to the state from the Federal Government through the United
States Veterans' Administration, as aid for the hospital and domiciliary care
of veterans in State Homes, is received by the Governor and deposited in
VETERANS' HOME AND HOSPITAL COMMISSION 355
the general fund of the state. An allowance of $500 per annum was made
for each eligible rveteran under the provisions of Public Law 531, 80th
Congress as amended by Public Law 823, 81st Congress. Payments during
the year from this source amounted to $283,306.36.
The number of approved positions on June 30, 1951, were 375. The
average number of employees during the year was 333.
The Veterans' Home and Hospital Commission, in addition to its
administration of the affairs of the Home and Hospital, administers the
laws providing for aid to widows of Civil War and Spanish American War
veterans, widowed mothers, wives, husbands, children under eighteen years
of age, who are without adequate means of support, of veterans admitted
to the Home or any Hospital ; veterans being cared for and maintained else-
where than in the Home and Hospital who are eligible for admission but
are unable to be removed thereto by reason of illness or accident ; female
veterans for whom there are no accommodations at Rocky Hill ; temporary
financial assistance to veterans who, through disability or other causes
incident to their service, are in need of such assistance, and to the widow,
children, parents, brothers and sisters of any soldier, sailor or marine who
died while in active service, who are without sufficient means of support
by reason of the death of such serviceman; the Veterans' Relief Fund,
jointly with the administrators of the Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' Fund ;
burial and headstone allowances ; memorials in state parks and reservations
in commemoration of the war-time services of soldiers, sailors, or marines ;
separation allowances to the dependents of soldiers, sailors or marines
when in the active military or naval service of the state or the United
States and for the expenses of members of the United Spanish War Vet-
erans in attending their National Encampments.
Aid was granted to 10 Civil War widows and 52 widows of Spanish
American War veterans in the total amount of $20,145.29; to 852 de-
pendent widowed mothers, wives and children of veterans in the total
amount of $62,555.19; and for care elsewhere than at the Home and Hos-
pital to two veterans in the total amount of $713.69.
Burial allowances were granted for funeral expenses in 751 cases in
the amount of $74,974. Of these cases 14 were for burial of members of
the Armed Forces returned to this country from overseas. Headstones and
markers were erected at the graves of 486 veterans at a cost of $16,254
and the sum of $75 was expended for the care of a state burial plot.
The recurring expenditures by the Veterans' Home and Hospital
Commission, General Control, including fixed charges, grants and dona-
tions, were $201,617.52.
The Commission on the Care and Treatment of the Chronically 111.
Aged and Infirm continued to utilize the hospital facilities under the joint
government and control of that commission with the Veterans' Home and
Hospital Commission and during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951, 119
cases were admitted bv this commission and the census of these cases was
60 on June 30, 1951.
The physical therapy, occupational therapy, recreational therapy and
educational and vocational training programs in the department of physical
356 VETERANS' HOME AND HOSPITAL COMMISSION
medicine and rehabilitation have been expanded and remarkable results
have been obtained in rehabilitating many patients for self-care and for
part-time and full-time employment.
The department of audiology, which was established in 1950, has in-
creased its functions in its enlarged and modernized quarters in the num-
ber of audiometric tests given, hearing aids furnished and instruction in
lip reading.
The department of radiology showed a marked increase in the number
of diagnostic X-ray examinations and X-ray therapy treatments during the
year.
The services of a part-time pathologist was obtained and an expan-
sion of the medical laboratory is in process and the services of trained
personnel in bacteriology and chemistry were obtained.
The department of dentistry has continued its functions, making dental
examinations, operations, and in furnishing dentures.
The resident medical staff consists of fourteen physicians and there are
117 physicians on the attending staff.
The shortage of nursing personnel continues and constant recruitment
is being carried on.
The State Commission on Alcoholism terminated its clinical services
at the Veterans' Home and Hospital effective February 15, 1951. The
clinic was of mutual benefit to both commissions and the professional staff
at this facility in the treatment of cases of alcoholism and promising cases,
who, in medical opinion, require in-patient services, will, in the future, be
referred to the Blue Hills Clinic.
The "Target" has continued publication throughout the year and its
many news items and editorials which are gathered and written by the
hospital patients are informative and enjoyed by all its readers.
The chaplains conducted religious services, attended the sick and
administered to the spiritual needs of the membership throughout the year.
Commemorative exercises were held on Armistice Day, Maine Day
and Memorial Day.
Veterans' organizations, their auxiliaries, and other organizations and
individuals have sponsored and furnished entertainment throughout the
year and have been very generous with their gifts to the veterans, espe-
cially during the holiday season.
The Veterans' Home and Hospital was operated and maintained within
the appropriation and all departments of the facility functioned efficiently.
TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION
Established— 1909
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 4120 and 4124
Administrative head — Paul S. Phelps, M.D., Di-
rector, Tuberculosis Commission
Deputy administrator — Reginald C. Edson, M.D.,
Chief, Tuberculosis Control
Central office — 119 Ann Street, Hartford; Tele-
phone 7-7295
Average number of full-time employees — 41
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951- —
Legislative appropriation, $247,141
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $224,019.44.
Capital outlay, $26,253.87
Note: The Case Finding Divisions of the Commission deposited in the General
Fund for the fiscal year, revenue receipts amounting to $84,094.33, chiefly derived
from a reimbursement program through the United States Public Health Service
COMMISSIONERS
Elwood C. Stanley, Chairman
Joseph I. Linde, M.D.
Herbert M. Lerou
Marion H. Douglas, R.N., M.P.H.
Fred C. Green, M.D.
Clara T. Kelley, Secretary
SANATORIA
Cedarcrest — Hartford. Telephone 9-3321
Administrative head — L. Rogers Morse, M.D., Superintendent and Med-
ical Director
Deputy administrator — Nicholas A. Marinaro, M.D., Assistant Super-
intendent
357
358 TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION
Average number of full-time employees — 198
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation $881,338.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures $824,332.96
Capital outlay 29,470.07
^Valuation (cost) of plant— $1,603,026.69
Average number of patients — 250
Laurel Heights — Shelton. Telephone : Derby 4-2593
Administrative head — Edward J. Lynch, M.D., Superintendent and Med-
ical Director
Deputy administrator — Kirby S. Howlett, M.D., Assistant Superinten-
dent
Average number of full-time employees — 213
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951
Legislative appropriation $880,338.00
Federal funds 3,554.39
Other sources 1,232.94
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures $869,870.45
Federal funds 3,554.39
Other funds (gift, etc.) 195.58
^Valuation (cost) of plant — $1,582,556.59
Average number of patients — 254
Uncas-on-Thames (Medical) — Norwich. Telephone: Norwich 9-1321
Administrative head — George C. Wilson, M.D., Superintendent and Med-
ical Director
Deputy administrator — Michael A. Ferrara, M.D., Assistant Superin-
tendent
Average number of full-time employees — 288
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 :
Legislative appropriation $1,115,132.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951:
Recurring operating expenditures $1,230,211.41
Capital outlay 72,180.00
^Valuation (cost) of plant— $1,986,460.15
Average number of patients — 371
Uncas-on-Thames (Surgical) — Norwich. Telephone: Norwich 9-1321
Administrative head — Winfield O. Kelley, M.D., Chief Surgeon
Average number of full-time employees — 28
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 :
Legislative appropriation $ 143,594.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 :
Recurring operating expenditures 113,519.88
Capital outlay 2,762.93
* Valuation (cost) of plant — Included with Uncas-on-Thames Medical
Average number of patients — Included with Uncas-on-Thames Medical
TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION 359
Undercliff — Meriden. Telephone: Meriden 5-5743
Administrative head — Cole B. Gibson, M.D., Superintendent and Medical
Director
Deputy administrator — Paul M. De La Vergne, M.D., Assistant Super-
intendent
Average number of full-time employees — 228
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 :
Legislative appropriation $882,379.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951:
Recurring operating expenditures $950,440.74
Capital outlay 26,572.47
^Valuation (cost) of plant— -$1,541,002.53
Average number of patients — 275
The Seaside- — Waterford. Telephone : New London 2-4341
Administrative head — Cole B. Gibson, M.D., Temporary Acting Super-
intendent and Medical Director, as of August 6, 1951
Deputy administrator — S. Paul Tombari, M.D., Senior Sanitorium
Physician
Average number of full-time employees — 75
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951:
Legislative appropriation $350,731.00
Other sources (gifts, etc.) ' 3,649.78
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951:
Recurring operating expenditures $316,632.49
Other funds (gifts, etc.) 1,429.95
Capital outlay 11,952.54
*Valuation (cost) of plant— -$683,789.33
Average number of patients — 116
*Note — Valuation (cost) of plant — See Comptroller's Report, June 30, 1950
CONTINUING DROP IN DEATH RATE
The most accurate and significant indication of progress in the control
of tuberculosis in Connecticut is reflected in the rapid decrease in the
death rate. The rate has dropped to an all-time low of 16.5 per 100,000
population. The death rate has been reduced to less than one half of what
it was ten years ago. The drop in death rate among non-whites has been
striking from 136 in 1940, to 38.2 in 1950. Connecticut has one of the
lowest death rates in the United States for a highly industrialized area.
360 TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION
NEWLY REPORTED CASES — DEATHS AND DEATH RATES
PER 100,000 POPULATION FROM TUBERCULOSIS
ALL FORMS
AND SANITORIUM APPLICATIONS RECEIVED
CONNECTICUT 1940-1950
Newly
Sanatorium
Reported
Number
Death
Applications
Cases
of Deaths
Rates*
Received
1940
1221
609
35,6
1037
1941
1325
610
34.6
1314
1942
1586
623
34.2
1480
1943
1280
607
32.5
1362
1944
1371
661
34.9
1282
1945
1293
657
34.5
1134
1946
1044
579
30.2
1062
1947
1213
522
27.0
1161
1948
1581
525 .
27.0
1209
1949
1472
420
21.2
1248
1950
1289
332
16.5
1249
Tuberculosis
deaths among
non-whites and whites
*Deaths
: per 100,000 population
1940
1950
Non-whites
136.0
38.2
Whites
32.9
15.5
NEWLY REPORTED CASES
The number of newly reported cases varies very little from year to
year. The reason the number of reported cases has changed little in 10
years, is that case finding activities throughout the State have steadily
increased. We are now reaching a point where the number of newly re-
ported cases will decline. The more thoroughly the case finding is carried
out, the more rapid will be the eventual decline in newly reported cases.
WAITING LIST
The number of applications for Sanitorium Admission remains practi-
cally unchanged. 1,245 for the fiscal year 1950-1951. The waiting list for
sanitorium admission has decreased from 201 on June 30th of 1950, to 119
as of June 30, 1951. The waiting list is made up almost exclusively of
men, there being approximately 18 women on the waiting list as of June 30.
1951. The number of patients admitted has increased from 914 in 1949-
1950 to 1,045 in 1950-1951 — an increase of 131 over the last fiscal year.
Two of the most serious problems are brought out by the fact that
30% of the patients leaving the sanatorium alive, do so against medical
advice. About one-half of the re-admissions to the Sanatoria are patients
who left the sanatoria against medical advice. Of all patients admitted to
the Sanatoria, 29% are people who have had previous sanatorium experi-
ence, (see Table I).
TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION 361
SANATORIA CAPACITIES AND CENSUS
JUNE 30, 1951
TABLE I
Cedar-
Laurel
Uncas-on
_
The
crest
Heights
Thames
Undercliff Seaside
Total
Actual capacity
305
370
422
328
145
1570
Operating capacity*
273
270
394
284
139
1360
Beds occupied
255
261
373
274
113
1276
Vacancies
3
0
21
6
26
56
MEN
161
129
209
160
—
659
Beds occupied
159
129
198
160
—
646
Vacancies
2
0
11
0
—
13
WOMEN
97
132
131
93
—
453
Beds occupied
96
132
124
87
—
439
Vacancies
1
0
7
6
—
14
SURGERY— MEN
—
—
28
—
—
28
Beds occupied
—
—
28
—
—
28
Vacancies
—
—
0
—
—
0
SURGERY— WOMEN
—
—
26
—
—
26
Beds occupied
—
—
23
—
—
23
Vacancies
—
—
3
—
—
3
CHILDREN
—
—
—
27
139
166
Beds occupied
—
—
—
27
113
140
Vacancies
—
—
—
0
26
26
Patients admitted from
July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951
247
270
419
295
27
1258
From waiting list
210
214
348
252
21
1045
Transferred from another
sanatorium
37
56
71
43
6
213
*Approximately five percent of the operating capacity is set aside for movement of
patients within the sanatorium so cannot be used for admission of new patients.
Children
Men Women (under 15 years) Total
Applications received from
July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951 772 431 42 1245
Vacancies June 30, 1951 13 17 26 56
Waiting list June 30, 1951 100 18 1 119
PERSONNEL AND HOUSING
The average number of personnel employed in the fiscal year 1950-
1951 throughout the Tuberculosis Commission numbered 1,071, an increase
of exactly 12 over that of the previous year. Fortunately some of the
housing problem is in the process of being solved. Physicians' cottages
are only now being completed at Cedarcrest and Undercliff. The physicians'
cottages at Uncas-on-Thames have not been started as yet, but it is hoped
that they will be erected during this coming fiscal year.
As for employees' buildings, real progress has been made and buildings
are now under construction at Laurel Heights and Cedarcrest Sanitoria. It
should not be long before additional employees can be taken on the staffs
of these two institutions and this will result in opening up unused beds,
particularly at Cedarcrest. At Laurel Heights the renovation of Infirmary
No. II was not undertaken as anticipated, due to a lack of funds. In spite
of additional housing for employees at this institution, no additional beds
can be made available until renovation to Infirmary No. II has been com-
pleted. It is hoped that funds can be found in the present Bond Issue.
362 TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION
The employees' building at Undercliff Sanatorium was not started
during this last year because of the lack of sufficient funds, so that beds
in this institution closed because of a lack of personnel and cannot be
opened.
Cedarcrest Sanatorium, although having 229 authorized positions, has
been able to keep only 199 positions filled. During this same period, a
program of thoracic surgery was developed at this institution requiring
more than the usual nursing and medical care. This fact coupled with a
lack of housing for personnel during this last year, accounts for the fact
that approximately 30 beds have been closed.
Other capital projects have been carried out at the various sanatoria,
resulting in increased efficiency and economy.
SANATORIA
UNCAS-ON-THAMES
At Uncas-on-Thames Sanatorium there is still one ward closed due
largely to lack of nursing personnel. It is hoped and expected that this
ward will be opened in spite of the lack of nursing personnel, by augment-
ing the regular nursing service by student nurses.
Because of the addition of two well-trained physicians to the staff
plus residents from Yale University, it has been possible to increase the
number of patients admitted and improve medical and surgical care.
The number of admissions to Uncas-on-Thames in the year 1948-1949
was 377. In 1950-1951, the admissions increased to 419. During the same
periods the daily average census increased from 355 to 370. Deaths on
the other hand decreased from 77 to 39.
The surgical unit at Uncas-on-Thames has again increased both major
and minor surgical operations performed. This unit takes care of the
surgical program both at Uncas-on-Thames and Laurel Heights Sanatoria.
A total of 1,254 operative procedures were carried out during the fiscal
year 1950-1951. Of this total 352 were major operations and 902 minor.
In spite of the increase in thoracic surgery accomplished, there is still a
waiting list. This is brought about by a combination of factors. The surgical
skill being exercised at both Uncas-on-Thames and Cedarcrest is of such
a quality that many operations are now being performed that previously
were impractical. Other important factors are the use of streptomycin and
para aminosalicyclic acid and refinements in the giving of anesthesia. A
major factor in the reduction of death rates from tuberculosis in Connecticut
must be credited to the skillful surgery being performed in our sanatoria.
CEDARCREST SANATORIUM
At Cedarcrest Sanatorium the daily average census has increased by
1 1 patients. It is hoped that during this coming fiscal year with the opening
of the new Employees' Building, it will be possible to open one ward now
closed at this institution.
The surgical unit at Cedarcrest, which serves both Cedarcrest and
Undercliff has developed extremely well. During the fiscal year 1948-1949,
42 major thoracic surgical operations were performed and during the fiscal
TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION 363
year 1949-1950 this was increased to 115 cases. This increase in thoracic
surgery points up the necessity for providing more adequate operating
room facilities.
THE SEASIDE SANATORIUM
After 31 years of conscientious service to the Tuberculosis Commission
and the people of the State, Dr. John F. O'Brien resigned as Superintendent
and Medical Director at The Seaside Sanatorium on July 1, 1951. The
Tuberculosis Commission accepted his resignation with regret and wish
him all the happiness and satisfaction that surely will be his from this
point on.
As of August 6, 1951,, Dr. Cole B. Gibson took on added responsi-
bilities to those that are already his as Superintendent and Medical Director
at Undercliff, by assuming responsibilities at the Seaside as temporary
acting superintendent and medical director.
It is hoped that with the cooperation of the appropriate state authori-
ties, changes previously contemplated can be put into effect at the Seaside
Sanatorium. This envisions the use of the facilities at the Seaside for both
young adults and children and the further development of an orthopedic
service for adults. This will result in consolidating all children and young
adults in one institution with resultant economies and increased efficiency.
As patients are transferred to the Seaside sanitorium, a corresponding
number of adult beds will be made available at the other sanatoria. With
relatively minor structural changes and some increase in personnel, there
is nothing to prevent this program from being a highly successful under-
taking.
LAUREL HEIGHTS SANITORIUM
Laurel Heights sanitorium continues to give the kind of medical and
surgical care that only outstanding men in the field of tuberculosis can
give. In the medical field, studies are continuing in the effects of long
courses of combined streptomycin and para aminosalicylic acid (P.A.S.)
for uninterrupted periods of from 6 to 12 months. This program, together
with the increased use of resectional surgery, has resulted in the salvage
of many patients with extensive disease of a type which was extremely re-
fractory to all methods of therapy previously employed.
THE HARKNESS ESTATE
A complete study of the facilities of the Harkness Estate was made
by the Public Works Department at the request of the Tuberculosis Com-
mission. The Commission reported to the Legislature and recommended
that the generous gift be accepted by the state, but indicated in the same
report that it would not be practicable nor economically sound to use these
facilities for the treatment of tuberculosis patients. The Commission, how-
ever, did request that one of the buildings, namely the Rogers House, be
assigned to the Tuberculosis Commission on a temporary basis to house
certain professional personnel from The Seaside Sanitorium, until such
time as adequate housing is provided at The Seaside.
364 TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION
COORDINATION OF NURSING EDUCATION
One of the most serious problems relative to the maximum use of
sanitorium beds, has been the lack of nursing personnel. Many reasons
have been advanced in explanation of this situation. It was felt by the
Tuberculosis Commission and its Medical Advisory Committee, that many
of the reasons stemmed from a lack of an educational program.
In 1948, the first Nursing Student Affiliation was started, guided by
a coordinator of nursing education. At present, fifteen schools of nursing
are affiliating with two of our State Sanatoria, namely Laurel Heights
and Uncas-on-Thames. 308 students have completed their experience in
tuberculosis nursing. In addition to the formal teaching of these student
nurses, the students gain experience from supervised work on the wards.
It becomes obvious that this program has advantages accruing to the sana-
torium in terms of increased and improved nursing service so badly needed.
Twelve students upon completion of their nursing education have returned
to the sanatoria as employees.
This nursing program has not been confined to student nurses alone
but has developed a staff educational program, and the director of nursing
education at Undercliff Sanatorium has developed a patient educational
program which may well be a model of its kind.
TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD
The Tuberculosis Commission has established in its administrative
office a group of physicians, nurses and technicians to carry out a program
of tuberculosis control in the field. This has been closely coordinated with
the treatment in the sanatoria.
During the fiscal year 1950-1951, physicians and nurses from nine
foreign countries spent time in the Tuberculosis Commission office ob-
serving the techniques employed here in the control of tuberculosis.
State and local case registers have been established so that both local
and state health authorities may know what the problem of tuberculosis
really is at a local and state level. It constitutes the guide for tuberculosis
control activities. Approximately 14,000 known cases of tuberculosis are
on the State register.
CONSULTATION SERVICES
The Tuberculosis Commission, through its field consultation services
and hospital out-patient departments, provides diagnostic and follow-up
facilities which are being used to maximum capacity by the family physician.
This direct service to the residents of Connecticut is an integral part of
the overall coordination of effort to control tuberculosis.
The field consultation services have been developed from the central
office of the commission in areas where such facilities are not readily
available. Strategically located throughout the state and functioning on a
regional basis, they are staffed and operated by the commission in coopera-
tion with the local health agencies. They offer the physician and his
patients detailed clinical, x-ray and laboratory examinations within a rea-
TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION 365
sonable distance of the local community. The schedule of sessions has
been geared to the needs of the area and ranges from twice a month in
some areas to once a week in others.
There are at present twelve field consultation services and five out-
patient departments operated by the commission. There are five local chest
clinics and one out-patient department under local or private supervision.
Plans for the establishment of two new areas in the Fall, will provide
minimum coverage for all areas of the State.
CONSULTATION SERVICES— LOCAL AND STATE
1950-1951
Number of patients seen 15,502
Number of clinic visits 22,718
Newly diagnosed cases of tuberculosis 417
More than one-half of the patients seen were examined by the consultation
services provided by the Tuberculosis Commission.
MASS X-RAY SURVEYS
The x-ray examination of the apparently well adult is an essential
factor in the control of tuberculosis. The Commission continues to encour-
age communities, industries, general hospitals and institutions of sufficient
size to establish and coordinate mass x-ray programs with clinical investi-
gation and follow up of cases found.
Mass x-ray surveys for the fiscal year 1950-1951, carried out by the
Tuberculosis Commission and other health organizations number 207,550,
of which 1,368 cases were found to have x-ray evidence of tuberculosis.
The two chest x-ray mobile units of the Tuberculosis Commission
have been actively engaged chiefly in industrial or combined community
and industrial programs. The volume of survey work in the calendar year
1950 was 85,247 persons examined; during the first half of the present
calendar year 1951, 41,188 persons were x-rayed. Many of the cases found
have been referred by their physician to the field consultation services for
clinical investigation.
Statistical evaluation of this portion of the central program points up
certain facts.
1. The number of persons x-rayed has increased each year.
2. The incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis has decreased.
3. The incidence rate of non-tuberculosis pulmonary disease has de-
creased.
4. The incidence rate of cardiovascular disease has decreased.
5. The incidence rate of tumors in the chest remains steady.
6. The incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis decreases rapidly on
re-x-ray of the same group every 3 or 4 years.
7. Of all cases of pulmonary tuberculosis found, most cases were found
between the ages of 30 and 60 — with the highest rate for women at
40-50 and the highest rate for men at 50-60 years.
These facts provide a criterion for the careful selection of population
groups in which the incidence of tuberculosis is greatest.
306 TUBERCULOSIS COMMISSION
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING CONSULTANTS
The program of the Public Health Nursing Consultants constitutes
a major factor in the coordination of tuberculosis control activities through-
out the State.
The four Public Health Nursing Consultants, one assigned to each
sanitorium district, follow the course of events from the first diagnosis
of a case of tuberculosis through sanitorium care to follow up in the
post sanitorium period and rehabilitation and they make their contributions
through every stage.
JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE
MENTAL HOSPITALS
Hbmbbmi Tintm — BBaMHgamaM
Established— 1945
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sec. 2700
Administrative head — Pending, vacancy to be filled
Deputy Executive Secretary — Yetta S. Millstein
Central office — 65 Wethersfield Avenue, Hartford.
Telephone 5-2129
Average number of full-time employees: 3
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 : Legis-
lative appropriation, $16,416
Expenditures fiscal year: Recurring operating ex-
penditures, $11,061.82
Organisational structure — Committee consists of
three members appointed from each of the Boards
of trustees of the state mental hospitals and
Mansfield Training School and Hospital and the
superintendent of each such hospital.
MENTAL HOSPITALS
Connecticut State Hospital
Established — 1 867
Statutory reference — Sec. 2693, General Statutes, Revision 1949
Administrative head — Edgar C. Yerbury, M.D., Superintendent
Deputy Administrator — Charles Russman, M.D., Assist. Superintendent
Central office — Connecticut State Hospital, Middletown, telephone 6-6611
Average number of inmates or patients — 3,083.873 (in hospital) 3,548.608
(carried on books)
Valuation of plant— $7,397,794.66
Funds for Operations — Fiscal year 1950-1951:
Appropriation — $3,113,221.00 Recurring Expenses
Federal funds— $4,000.00
Appropriation— (Capital outlay 1949-51)— $155,276.00
367
368 JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS
Expenditures — Fiscal year 1950-1951:
Recurring Operating
State funds— $3,238,355.59
Federal funds— $4,000.00
Capital outlay — $68,241.23
Average number of full-time employees — 745.86
Number of approved positions — 831
Total number filled on June 30, 1951 — 744
Norwich State Hospital
Established— 1904
Statutory reference — Chapter 89, Section 1775
Administrative head — Ronald H. Kettle, M.D., Superintendent
Deputy administrator — Conrad O. Ranger, M.D., Assist. Superintendent
Central office — Norwich, telephone 7-3575
Average number of full-time employees — 760.4
Organization structure — Board of Trustees ; Superintendent ; Assistant Su-
perintendent ; Personnel Division ; Medical Division : Medico-Surgical,
Psychiatric, Psychological, Occupational Therapy ; Social Service, Nurs-
ing; Business Division: Business Offices, Maintenance, Stores, Farm,
Laundry, Food Service
Valuation (cost) of Plant— $5,342,231.96
Average number of inmates or patients — 2,886.7
Fairfield State Hospital
Established— June 18, 1929
Statutory reference — General Statutes, 1949 Revision, Section 2699
Administrative head — William F. Green, M.D., Superintendent
Deputy Administrator — Samuel Friedman, M.D., Assist. Superintendent
Central office — Newtown, Connecticut, telephone Newtown 400
Average number of full-time employees — 609
Valuation of plant— $8,495,271.46
Average number of inmates or patients — 2,697
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951:
Legislative appropriation, $2,720,988.00. Other sources, $1,460.09, (Ac-
tivity fund) ; $154.75 (Patients' General Welfare Fund)
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951:
Recurring operating expenditures, $2,663,490.57. Other funds, $524.25
(Activity fund) ; $1.50 (Patients' General Welfare Fund) ; Capital
outlay, $376,392.36
JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS 369
TREATMENT PROGRAM
The primacy of treatment for the mentally ill is beyond argument and
the Joint Committee of State Mental Hospitals has followed with keen
interest the treatment programs and results from the various institutions.
Electro-shock treatment, insulin coma treatment, group therapy, individual
psychotherapy and psychosurgery are the principal procedures in all three
of the mental hospitals. As high as 80% recoveries or improvements have
been reported. With the extension and improvement of these various treat-
ment procedures one might confidently expect a considerable shortening of
duration of hospital stay. The stimulation to the morale of the patient and
his famliy, and a minimizing of the stigma of hospitalization for mental
illness would also be an inevitable consequence of increased therapeutic
success. The Joint Committee has recently considered the plan of estab-
lishing a Psychiatric Treatment Center in the Grace-New Haven Com-
munity hospital in conjunction with the Yale Medical School which would
be staffed by doctors of the mental hospitals.
PERSONNEL
The ratio of patients to employees is now 4:1. However, it must be
stated that this is not a true picture since it includes all employees such as
maids, typists, janitors, in addition to attendants and nurses. Hence, the
amount of personal attention which a given patient receives by employees
is actually not as great as this ratio would indicate. Emphasis in all the
hospitals is being placed on proper psychiatric training of personnel which
comes in contact with patients. There is still a great need for attracting suit-
able personnel to the hospitals.
TEACHING PROGRAM
In addition to training of ward personnel there is an established train-
ing program for student nurses, affiliated in psychiatry from all Connecticut
general hospitals. Training programs are also in force for occupational
therapy students, psychology internes, and theological students. The train-
ing of physicians takes place not only under the clinical director in staff
conferences in the hospitals themselves but receives special emphasis in the
post graduate seminars in neurology, psychiatry and related fields of medi-
cine. The Fourth Connecticut Post Graduate seminar was conducted from
September 23, 1950 to April 30, 1951 by the Joint Committee in conjunc-
tion with the department of psychiatry and mental hygiene of the Yale
University school of Medicine. D. Edgar C. Yerbury was chairman and
Dr. Paul I. Yakovlev, secretary. The program of the seminar consisted of
84 sessions which included 13 courses of lectures, demonstrations and
round table conferences. It was attended by many outside physicians as
well as staff physicians of the state mental hospitals, 152 in number.
OVERCROWDING
The Joint Committee has become increasingly concerned with the
overcrowding in all the hospitals. Serious consideration must be given to
the establishment of a fourth state mental hospital. Present overcrowding
arises in large measure from the thousands of elderly people who can be
370 JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS
provided for just as capably in other facilities, once these become available
to the Commission for the Care and Treatment of the Chronically 111, Aged
and Infirm. The adaptation of the recently acquired Harkness estate for
the care of these elderly patients would bring considerable relief. During
the year ending June, 1951, there was an increase of 198 patients over
the number of admissions during the preceding year. The total number of
patients admitted, readmitted and transferred was 3,087, and the number
discharged was 2,675 (including 627 deaths). The total rated capacity,
according to the American Psychiatric Association, is 6,699 patients but at
the end of June there were 8,781 in residence. Of the patients admitted
30% were 60 years of age and over.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The Joint Committee of State Mental Hospitals intends to push the
treatment program, to study means for attracting and retaining a larger
and more capable personnel, study plans for the relief of overcrowding,
push the building program, continue and enlarge the student and medical
training program and to reintroduce and sponsor additional bills to the
General Assembly. There should be established a well organized research
division. Additional mental hygiene clinics are needed.
COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP
CONNECTICUT STATE HOSPITAL, MIDDLETOWN
Term expires
George M. Dutcher, Middletown July 1, 1952
Fred N. Smith, Middletown July 1, 1952
Frederick C. Redlich, M.D., Killingworth July 1, 1952
Edgar C. Yerbury, M.D., Superintendent
FAIRFIELD STATE HOSPITAL, NEWTOWN
Term expires
George H. Dession, New Haven July 1, 1952
Cecelia T. Murray, Greenwich July 1, 1952
Florence M. Chase, Watertown July 1, 1952
William F. Green, M.D., Superintendent
NORWICH STATE HOSPITAL, NORWICH
Term expires
Philip A. Johnson, Norwich Tuly 1, 1952
Ruth S. Russell, West Hartford July 1, 1952
Marie P. Moore, Northford July 1, 1952
Ronald H. Kettle, M.D., Superintendent
MANSFIELD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL 8z HOSPITAL, MANSFIELD
Term expires
Winthrop Tilley, Storrs July 1, 1952
Phoebe Bennet, Hamburg July 1, 1952
Marjorie G. Campbell, New Canaan July 1, 1952
Neil A. Dayton, M.D., Superintendent
Term
expires
July
L, 1953
July
, 1955
July 1
I, 1953
July
L, 1951
July I
L, 1955
July
I, 1955
July ]
I, 1955
July ]
, 1955
July I
, 1953
July I
, 1953
July I
, 1955
July I
, 1955
JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS 371
CONNECTICUT STATE HOSPITAL
Trustees :
Trustees : The Governor (ex officio)
James L. Doyle, Bantam
George M. Dutcher, Middletown, Chairman
Pierre A. Garneau, Stratford
Catherine Luce Hill, Stafford Springs
Victor Jones, Middletown, Secretary
Esther Everett Lape, Westbrook
Frederick C. Redlich, M.D., Killingworth
Albert B. Smith, Willimantic
Fred N. Smith, Middletown (Vice-Chairman) July
Julius B. Smith, Waterbury
Ezekiel Spitz, New London
Laurance Barber, Jr., West Hartford
The Trustees are appointed for a six year term by the Governor under
Section 2693 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949.
PURPOSES OF THE AGENCY
1. To give care to and treat the mentally ill who are admitted to the
hospital.
2. To serve the community by providing mental health clinics to which
any citizen can be admitted for incipient symptoms of mental illness, emo-
tional, social and physical problems.
3. To provide lectures and talks on mental hygiene for the citizens
and groups of individuals of Connecticut.
4. To encourage and foster research in mental hygiene.
The hospital operates under Chapter 119, Sections 2643-2691 and
Chapter 120, Sections 2692-2694 of the General Statutes, Revision of 1949.
The divisions of the agency are Medical Administration and Business
Administration ; both of which are supervised by the Superintendent of
the hospital. The Medical Administration division, headed by the two
Clinical Directors, is responsible for the entire medical program of this
hospital. Two exceptions to this are the Director of Laboratories and the
Director of Research and Training who are responsible to the Superin-
tendent.
The hospital, in addition to caring for the patients in residence, pro-
vided care for 1,137 newly admitted patients during the past year.
The Connecticut State Hospital, which was established in 1867, has
been caring for the mentally ill in Connecticut since that date. At present
there is a bed capacity of 2,357 beds with 3,050 patients in residence. This
means overcrowding of 22.7%.
The hospital is approved for the training of affiliates and graduate
nursing students, occupational therapy students, medical technologists,
X-ray technicians and residents in psychiatry. The approving agencies
consist of the American College of Surgeons, American Psychiatric Asso-
ciation, American Board of Neurology and Psychiatry, American Medical
Association, Connecticut Board of Nursing Examiners, American Occupa-
tional Therapy Association and the United States Public Health Service.
372 JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS
We are happy to report that there has been steady improvement in our
therapeutic program which has resulted in returning more people to their
homes and communities in the shortest possible time.
The accomplishment of this is closely joined with the functions of un-
ending staff education, and of the integration of the efforts of all of the
hospital employees. With the addition of a second clinical director, both
the continued treatment service and receiving service have benefitted by
more intensive supervision, which was possible to provide.
Another encouraging fact was the breaking of ground for the new
power plant and new laundry which have been needed for many years.
This is the second part of our Ten-Year Building Program which was
provided by special appropriations for capital projects.
MOVEMENT OF POPULATION
Eleven hundred, thirty seven patients were admitted during the year
and a like number were discharged. The number of admissions increased
over last year by 102 and on June 30, 1951 there were 3,018 patients in
residence with 3,538 carried on our books. 498 patients on visit, 16 in family
care, and 6 absent without permission were included in the latter figure.
An analysis of those who were discharged during the year showed
that 309 had recovered ; 326 were improved ; 30 were unimproved ; 131 had
no psychosis; 12 were transferred to other hospitals; 325 had died, and 4
had died while absent from the hospital.
Of the total number of patients admitted during the year, 52 were
voluntary, 986 were admitted on physicians certificates, 29 on probate
court commitments (including 1 narcotic), 32 on City and Town Court
commitments, 15 transferred from hospitals and other institutions, 20
transferred from penal institutions, and 3 on Superior court commitments.
The increase in the therapeutic program is responsible in part for the
large number of discharges. With the addition of insulin shock therapy,
more individual and group psychotherapy and an expanded occupational
therapy program, the patient admitted to the hospital today may expect to
be returned to his home at the shortest possible time of hospitalization.
The admission statistics brings out the fact that 52 of the total
number admitted applied for voluntary admission. This represents 4.6%
of the total admission. This is the highest percentage ever obtained.
Experience has shown us that the majority of patients who are being
cared for on the continued treatment service are there because of an in-
adequate early treatment program measured by today's standards.
MEDICAL WORK
The therapeutic program has been increased so as to include many
more patients on the continued treatment services than previously. Inten-
sive therapy has been afforded all newly admitted patients which has re-
sulted in reducing the hospital residence for each patient. During the year,
both group and individual psychotherapy has been used in increasing
amounts because of the policy of permitting our psychologists and psychia-
tric social workers to assist with this program under immediate medical
supervision.
JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS 373
Each newly admitted patient has been promptly seen by the medical
staff following which a general discussion of the case with reference to
diagnosis, etiology, prognosis, and treatment has been held.
Eighty cases were referred to the Medical Examiner during the year
because of death associated with serious illness or accidents within 6
months, suddenness of death and all deaths occurring within 24 hours of
admission. This number was far in excess of last year and is attributed to
the fact that more elderly patients have fallen within these categories.
Of the total number of deaths (325) during the year, 3 were under 30
years of age; 12 were between 30 and 40 years of age ; 9 were between 40
and 50 years of age; 31 were between 50 and 60 years of age; 65 were
between 60 and 70 years of age ; and 205 were 70 years of age and over.
It is not surprising to learn that 83% of those who died were 60 years of
age and over.
During the year 54 post mortem examinations were performed which
represents 17% of the deaths, while this percentage is acceptable to the
American Medical Association, it is a somewhat disappointing figure as
compared to previous years.
It is somewhat disquieting to learn that serious accidents and injuries
occurred to 110 of our patients during the year. I presume this marked
increase over previous years can be accounted for in part by the increased
age of our resident population, many of whom became confused, tottering
and feeble and fell when attempting to move about unaided.
The surgical department had 253 major surgical operations recorded.
This included the 17 lobotomies which were performed by our neuro-
surgeons. Three births were also registered for the year. The marked in-
crease in surgery can be accounted for by the fact that much more elective
surgery has been done than heretofore.
A new department of chiropody was instituted at the beginning of the
year with a local podiatrist giving part time service to both men and
women.
One change which is worthy of note is the transfer of the Insulin
Treatment Unit from Weeks Hall to Dutcher Hall. In the new unit,
located on the 2nd and 3rd floor centers, accommodations are available for
about 13 men and women patients who are privileged to socialize together
during their meal times, occupational therapy classes and their free time.
Many patients on the Continued Treatment Services have been re-
sponding well to Electroshock Therapy which was extended to those ser-
vices a year ago. While it is essential to administer this procedure early
in the course of the mental illness to obtain the best results, it should not
preclude the patient who has had so little done for him in past years.
A campaign of education for our medical and nursing staffs to bring
about reduction in the use of unnecessary restraint, initiated at the begin-
ning of the year has been fruitful. The feeling of eliminating the camisole
restraint has now permeated the entire hospital personnel and is clearly
shown by a marked drop in the total hours of restraint from a high of
48,000 hours in July to a low of 9,000 hours in April.
A summary of the departments activities as reported by the Supervisor
of Occupational Therapy is as follows: I feel that one of the most im-
portant advances we made was the institution of the Industrial Therapy
374 JOINT COMMITTEE OE STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS
Placement program for patients. There is now a complete follow-through
by OT of the patient's progress during his stay at the institution. We see
the patient the day after admission, assign him to OT class, and later to a
job within the hospital. Because the therapists are aware of the job situa-
tion and the needs of the patient, the actual placing and the follow-up of
the patient's adjustment can be more intelligently handled.
It is because of volunteers that we were able to branch out to include
additional activities of a recreational and therapeutic nature. The Music
and Art programs have expanded because of this additional help and
roller skating, colored slides, and interpretive dance were carried on by the
volunteers. The volunteer program has not only served our patients
directly but has also been an important part of our Public Relations Pro-
gram.
Mrs. Gortner has indirectly helped in the education of the lay person
toward mental illness. Efforts have also been rewarded by gifts of money
and donations of material from people who could not volunteer their ser-
vices. The interest from the Wesleyan students has been most heartening,
and I strongly urge that this program be continued and supported in every
way. Our program for the training of Occupational Therapy students from
Columbia University has expanded. Our quota is now five and we have
trained six students during the past year with another five students training
with us at the present time.
The hospital is distinguished by being approved by the American
Medical Association and the American Psychiatric Association for a two
year resident training in Psychiatry ; by the American College of Surgeons
for surgical care ; by the State Department of Education for the training
of Medical Technologist and X-ray Technicians ; by the State Board of
Nursing Examiners and the United States Public Health Service for the
training of affiliate and graduate nurses ; by the United States Public
Health Service for the training of psychology internes and by the American
Occupational Therapy Association, University of New Hampshire and
Columbia University for the training of Occupational Therapy students.
The Mental Hygiene Clinics in Middletozvn, Nezu Britain, and Bristol
have had an active year. With the complete team of psychiatrist, psycholo-
gist, and psychiatric social workers more children and adults have been
given complete service. The director of the clinics devoted full time to New
Britain during the latter part of the year which permitted additional time
to be devoted to Middletown by the Senior Psychiatrist.
At the close of the year, 16 patients were being carried on Family Care
Status in four approved homes. The Clinic Psychiatrist has supervised this
progress in addition to caring for the patients on visit referred by the Hos-
pital Medical Staff for follow-up care.
TEACHING ACTIVITIES
During the year, the director's teaching activities included lectures to
the classes of the Fourth Connecticut Postgraduate Seminar, to the resi-
dents in training at the hospital and to medical students of Yale University
School of Medicine assigned to the Connecticut State Hospital for stages in
psychiatry as required by their curriculum.
JOINT COMMITTEE OE STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS 375
PUBLICATIONS
"Frontal Lobotomy, Neuroanatomical Observations," (with Hanni-
bal Hamlin, Attending Neurosurgeon, Rhode Island State Hospital, and
William H. Sweet, Neurosurgeon-in-Chief, New England Medical Center
Hospital; neurosurgeon, Massachusetts General Hospital). Journal of
Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, Vol. IX ; 250-285 ; July,
1950.
PSYCHOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Five hundred patients were examined on the admission services during
the year and 1,842 tests were administered. In addition, 566 tests were given
to 145 patients in our mental hygiene clinics.
Research has been very active in this department during the year,
and 4 projects have been published in psychological and psychiatric jour-
nals. Ten other papers have been accepted for publication and several
others are in some stage of preparation.
NURSING DEPARTMENT
This department has done commendable work throughout the year,
considering the large turnover in personnel. The shortage of ordinary nurs-
ing equipment and the increased load thrust upon it by the many increased
activities in our total treatment program.
A serious effort has been made to expand the in-service training pro-
grams for all groups so as to increase job knowledge and satisfaction and
reduce turn-over but very little progress appears to have been made. We
have fewer aides now than at any time since May, 1949.
The School of Nursing Council has continued to give valuable advisory
service. The major accomplishment of this year has been the adoption of .i
new contract, which is in approved legal form, for the affiliating schools.
The graduate program in psychiatric nursing under the sponsorship
of the University of Connecticut has continued to use the Connecticut State
Hospital facilities for clinical experience. Miss Florence Salmonsen as-
sumed the position of director in September, 1950 and will continue on for
the next year.
FARM DEPARTMENT
The farm did considerably better this year than it did the year
previous. The dairy, as far as production is concerned, is still disappointing
but it cannot be said that this condition was due to lack of interest on the
part of the supervisor, but rather to the very poor quality of dairy help.
The dairy hands have put in their required hours but have shown little
real interest in anything except collecting their pay. For this reason the
milk production was still low and amounted to only 1,335,955 pounds or a
daily average of 3,660 pounds. This is in spite of the fact that our herd of
mature cows is larger than it has been for several years.
The total return on investment for all farm activities is greatly im-
proved as it was $38,458.42, which represents a return of 13.88% on the
376 JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS
average investment (inventory) of $276,992.38. This is about 4% better
than that of last year or an increase in income of $12,129.03. The total
value of farm crops and produce was $211,746.31 for the year.
NORWICH STATE HOSPITAL
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
The members of the Board of Trustees as of July 1, 1951 were: Mrs.
Ruth S. Russell, West Hartford, chairman ; Mr. George Holt, Woodstock,
vice chairman ; Mrs. Marie Pickett Moore, Northford, secretary ; Mrs.
Edith Valet Cook, assistant secretary; Governor John Lodge, Hartford;
Maurice R. Moore, M.D., Norwich; William B. Terhune, M.D., New
Canaan; Mrs. Alice M. Higgins, Norwich; Mr. Philip A. Johnson, Nor-
wich ; Mr. Sydney Finer, Clinton ; Mr. Lawrence H. Vineburgh, Bloom-
field, Dean George E. McReynolds, Storrs ; Senator Leo B. Reagan, New
London.
The Norwich State Hospital was founded by an Act of the General
Assembly in 1904 for the purpose of caring for and treating the mentally
ill in the state. The hospital, located on the easterly bank of the Thames
River approximtely three miles from the City of Norwich on Route 12,
has a total acreage of 775 acres with 72 buildings on the property. The
major portion of the hospital is in the town of Preston while a small acre-
age is in the town of Norwich. The present valuation of the institution is
$5,342,231.96. The Hospital serves an area of the eastern part of the state
comprising approximately one-third of the state's total population. The
following tabulation illustrates the trend in the patient population during
the past three years.
Year Ending:
Average Daily Patient Population
Number of Admissions
Number of Discharges
Number of Deaths
Average Age at Death
Patients on Visit at End of Year
Patients Released on Extended Visit
Patients Allowed on Brief Visits
MOVEMENT OF POPULATION
During the fiscal year 1950-51, 945 patients were admitted while 560
patients were discharged. On June 30, 1951, 2,934 patients were in resi-
dence, including 1 1 on Family Care ; 397 on visit and 3 on escape. Of the
patients discharged, 126 had recovered ; 328 had improved ; 30 unimproved ;
76 without psychosis ; (6 were transferred ; 29 deported, and 5 died while
at home). 247 patients died in the hospital. The various types and number
of admissions were : Voluntary 3 ; Emergency commitment, 747 ; Probate
Court commitment, 109; Probate (narcotic) 4; Police Court, 22; Superior
Court, 2; Section No. 2668, 47; transfer, 11. Those coming by emergency
certificate represented 79% of the total number admitted.
June 30,
June 30,
June 30,
1951
1950
1949
2886.7
2799.1
2678.4
945
945
878
560
636
553
247
233
263
71.3
71.5
70.7
397
348
414
407
370
356
1792
1391
1207
JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS 377
MEDICAL WORK
Although the institution can accommodate 2,162 resident patients,
providing adequate bed and day space for this number, the patient popula-
tion has rapidly increased and at the end of the present fiscal year is ap-
proaching 3,000. As a result the overcrowding on the ward services has
become acute, especially among the aged and infirm patients, and during
the past year it has become necessary to establish temporary infirmary ser-
vices on the continued treatment services. These necessary measures which
have taken day space from the younger and more vigorous patients have
caused serious problems in the daily care and treatment of the acutely
mentally ill.
The surgical service in which an air-conditioning unit was installed
during the year carried out 43 lobotomies and 513 major and minor opera-
tions, and treated 81 fracture cases. The Medical Departmnet treated 867
patients, including the acutely physically ill, post-operative cases, and
others for observation. 2,062 patients received physical therapy. Within the
fiscal year, 58 cases were referred to the medical examiner.
The hospital's out patient clinic has made it possible for a large
number of patients to be examined and treated who otherwise might have
been admitted to the hospital during the year.
With the expanding family care home program, the increased number
of patients on extended visit and services given in the rehabilitation of
patients in the community, the social service department has done a re-
markable job during the fiscal year despite the fact that the hospital is
short of psychiatrically-trained social workers. At present there are 20
patients living in Family Care Homes ; however, during the entire year we
placed 63, 31 of whom were able to leave the homes to return to the
community.
Trained occupational therapists and undergraduate students have
worked with 994 of the more acutely mentally ill patients instructing them
in the various handicrafts. Under the supervision of the occupational ther-
apy director, an additional 869 patients were placed in industrial assign-
ments throughout the hospital.
Foremost among the therapeutic measures for the psychiatrically ill,
the medical staff has employed electro-convulsive and insulin therapy, and
neurosurgery, with excellent results. With an augmented staff, the hospital
plans to increase its psychotherapeutic sessions for specific types of psy-
choses.
The educational program has contributed greatly to the improvement
in diagnostic and treatment techniques and the care of the patients. Active
teaching programs have been conducted throughout the year for the fol-
lowing personnel : the medical residents and staff ; the psychology depart-
ment; the nursing department; the psychiatric aides; the occupational
therapy department ; the chaplaincy training program.
Extramural work in the teaching field has been offered during the fiscal
year to members of the clergy in the community and lectures in forensic
psychiatry have been given to law students of Yale. Special lectures, dis-
cussions and tours were arranged for students of the various colleges and
universities in the state. The hospital also took an active part in the fourth
postgraduate seminar sponsored by the State Mental Insitutions and Yale.
378 JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS
FINANCES
The hospital expenditures for the fiscal year 1950-51 were as follows :
Total recurring expenses for the year $ 3,186,611.16
Personal services $ 2,111,339.05
Contractual services 59,053.80
Supplies and materials 1,016,218.31
Total capital outlay for the year 1,253,330.28
Equipment 52,997.62
Major improvements & alterations 47,888.35
New structures & improvements to land: 108,531.65
1,043,882.66 (bond)
Total Expenditures for the Entire Year $ 4,439,941.44
PERSONNEL
On June 30, 1951, there were 758 paid employees; 41 student nurses;
8 occupational therapy students ; and 6 theological students.
NEEDS
The Physicians' cottages continue to be the foremost need of the insti-
tution. We can no longer attract responsible, well-qualified medical doctors
to the hospital staff with our limited housing accommodations and small
apartments scattered in patient buildings.
The occupational therapy building continues to be an urgent need of
the institution as our shops presently scattered throughout the ward build-
ings are a constant fire hazard. In addition, the centralized building would
give more patients the benefit of occupational therapy than we are now
able to accommodate.
Due to our overcrowded ward services, the hospital urgently needs a
new admission building, remodelling and renovation of several of the older
patient buildings, and a new medical and surgical building equipped to
house the clinical and X-ray laboratories, a pharmacy and operating rooms.
The present building does not have adequate bed space for the medical,
surgical and post-operative cases ; the operating room facilities are limited,
and the present clinical laboratory and pharmacy are located a considerable
distance from the Medico-Surgical Service.
The Hospital needs a Stores Building with refrigeration and mechani-
cal stores handling facilities.
FAIRFIELD STATE HOSPITAL
Term Expires
Trustees :
Alice Russ Cochran, Chairman, Shelton June 1, 1957
Arnold F. McLachlan, Danbury June 1, 1953
Florence M. Chase, Watertown June 1, 1955
Frederick U. Conard, West Hartford June 1, 1957
G. Robert Eckert, M.D., Danbury June 1, 1953
Cecelia T. Murray, Greenwich June 1, 1953
Frank L. Wilder, Bridgeport June 1, 1953
William H. Baldwin, New Canaan June 1, 1955
Dennis M. Carroll, Danbury June 1, 1955
George H. Dession, New Haven June 1, 1955
Mrs. Lewis S. Rosenstiel, Greenwich June 1, 1957
Mrs. John D. Searles, Bridgewater June 1, 1957
Executive Head — William F. Green, M.D., Superintendent
JOINT COMMITTEE OF STATE MENTAL HOSPITALS 379
During the year July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951 the hospital has consoli-
dated the advances and improvements of the post-war period. The psychia-
tric and laboratory staffs have been strengthened by the appointment of
physicians whose professional interests are keen enough to make them
select the Fairfield State hospital as a place where they may receive ac-
credited training for certification as specialists.
During the year there were 1,027 admissions and 978 discharges. It
is noteworthy that the proportion of aged individuals among new admis-
sions continued high. Thus during the past year 36.6% of all new patients
were 60 years of age or over.
The average daily census of patients in residence is also growing. Dur-
ing the last quarter of the year this average was 2,720 as compared with a
rated capacity of 2,180. The need for a new admission and intensive treat-
ment unit and for a new treatment unit for organic diseases was stressed
in last year's report.
All accepted forms of therapy have been utilized extensively in appro-
priate cases. Insulin therapy has been utilized with increasing vigor. Lobo-
tomy operations were performed in 16 cases. Occupational therapy has
been expanded by the use of associate personnel to conduct supervised ac-
tivity in handicrafts, athletics and recreation.
The duration of the affiliate program in psychiatric nursing was
changed from three months to twelve weeks beginning in January, 1951.
218 student nurses completed the affiliation during the fiscal year.
Throughout the year an active recruiting program has been carried on
by means of weekly "Help Wanted" advertisements in Sunday and daily
newspapers in Bridgeport, Danbury, Ansonia, Norwalk, Stamford, New-
town and New Milford, in conjunction with direct recruiting at the local
offices of the Connecticut State Employment Service. Visits to these offices
in Danbury, Ansonia, Norwalk and Stamford were made once a month,
while weekly visits were made to the CSES Office in Bridgeport.
Important objectives for the future are :
The continued development of this hospital's therapeutic program to
include more individual psychotherapy ; occupational therapy for all pa-
tients who will receive benefit from such treatment ; a more frequent and
diversified schedule of recreation ; improvements in the preparation and
serving of ward diets ; expansion of psychiatric social services to convales-
cent patients and the expansion of family care from its present auspicious
beginnings.
Further development of the staff by the addition of qualified physi-
cians, nurses, psychiatric aides, occupational therapists, recreation workers,
dietitians, and social workers in proper ratio to the needs of patients.
Expansion of the capital plant to provide the necessary staff housing
and utilities and to relieve present overcrowding of 540 patients or 25%.
MANSFIELD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL
AND HOSPITAL
Established — July 1, 1917
Statutory authority— 1949 Revision, Sec. 2703-2708
Administrative head — Neil A. Dayton, M.D.
Deputy administrator — Herbert L. Flynn, M.D.
Central office — Mansfield Depot ; Storrs, Telephone,
9391
Average number of full-time employees — 361
Organisation structure — Medical Department ;
Nursing and Ward Services ; Education and
Training Department ; Psychology Department ;
Dietary Department ; Personnel Department ;
Plant and Maintenance Department ; Farm De-
partment ; Business Office ; Social Service De-
partment
Valuation of plant— $4,691,507.10
Average number of inmates or patients — 1,286.09
TRUSTEES
Members of the Board of Trustees, their places of residence and the
year in which their respective terms of office expire are : Raymond I. Long-
ley, Union, 1955 ; Allyn L. Brown, Norwich, 1956; John J. Donahoe, Baltic,
1955; Winthrop Tilley, Ph.D., Storrs, 1954; Miss Yvonne M. Despathy,
Moosup, 1954; Mrs. Douglas Bennet, Hamburg, 1953; Mrs. Marjorie G.
Campbell, New Canaan, 1956.
MEDICAL OFFICE
The daily average number of patients actually in residence at Mansfield
during the fiscal year 1950-1951 was 1,286.09. This figure does not include
any patients out on visit, on placement, on runaway, or in working homes.
It is the figure which is used for all financial calculations in reference to per
capita costs. On June 30, 1951, Mansfield had 1,311 patients actually in
residence, of whom 1,033 were classified as mentally defective and 278 as
epileptic. An additional 212 patients were on placement in the community;
of these, 187 were mentally defective and 25 were epileptic. During the year
380
MANSFIELD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL 381
ending June 30, 1951, there were 52 first admissions to the school and 1 re-
admission. During the year there were 37 patients discharged and 9 deaths.
There was a total of 1,569 persons under care during the fiscal year, and the
discharge rate was 23.5 per thousand under care. The 9 patients who died
during the year provide a death rate of 5.7 per thousand under care. The
death rate, which shows a much lower average in comparison with the death
of 9.4 for the population of Connecticut, for the same period, reflects the high
standard of medical care maintained.
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT
The medical staff during the year consisted of four resident psysicians
including the Assistant Superintendent, the Director of Laboratories and
two Senior Physicians. Also on the Medical Staff is one part-time Pro-
fessional Specialist, a Consultant Radiologist, a Consultant Surgeon, a
Consultant Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist and a Consultant Dentist.
An Electro-encephalograph Consultant joined the staff on January 16, 1951.
A Consultant Podiatrist joined the staff on October 1, 1950. Our resident
dentist was called into Military Service on September 4, 1950, after having
been with us for nine months. A second resident dentist was called into
Military Service on March 1, 1951 after having been with us since Novem-
ber 1, 1950. A third resident dentist joined the staff on May 21, 1951.
The traveling school clinic, consisting of a physician and a psychologist
drawn from the Training School staff and a social worker drawn from the
Mansfield Social Service department located in Hartford, conducted exam-
inations of problem and retarded children in the public schools of the train-
ing school district. There appears to be a need for a full time clinic in the
Mansfield Training School district and possibly these services should be
expanded for regular annual coverage of all the public schools of the state.
Conceivably a traveling school clinic could well work out from each of the
two training schools and from each of the three mental hospitals. The pur-
pose of the clinic is diagnosis, advice and helpful discussion of specific prob-
lem and retarded children with the teachers, principals and superintendents
of the public schools. During the school year 125 pupils were examined in
14 schools of 2 rural districts at the request of the respective superintendent
of schools.
The hospital clinic conducted 14,736 patient treatments and 890 em-
ployee treatments ; there were 561 patient admissions to the hospital and 47
employee admissions ; there were 53 new patient admissions from outside
the institution ; the dental department gave 2,098 treatments. During the
year the hospital laboratory conducted 17,644 tests; 2,076 specimens were
sent to the state laboratory for examination ; a total of 4 autopsies were done
in the mortuary ; there were 8 deaths.
DEPARTMENT OF TRAINING
The department of training has been working under handicaps during
the past year. Each month brought closer the completion of the new building
now christened Longley school.
Immediately after the holidays, word was received to vacate the old
school building, now known as LaMoure Hall so that remodeling could
begin. The new building, Longley school, was not ready for occupancy.
382 MANSFIELD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL
The three church services were held in the basement of the girls' dining
room. Religious instructions and school assemblies were also held here.
Movies were shown in both girls' and boys' dining halls.
In March, a class for mentally retarded children was opened in Union
settlement in Hartford. After a few weeks the second class was started and
two teachers travelled the distance two days a week to take care of them.
The enrollment increased from nine to twenty-eight in three months. A day
school at the institution is under consideration.
PSYCHOLOGY DEPARTMENT
The department of psychology at Mansfield consists of a clinical psy-
chologist, junior clinical psychologist and one interne. It is one function of
the department to instruct, train and supervise the psychological internes
who come for a year period. This includes training in the giving of standard
tests and their psychological analysis, observation of personality traits of
persons to be tested, and the integration of findings into a diagnostic report.
The primary function of the department is its testing program. This in-
cludes the evaluation of (1) the mentality, personality, and capabilities of
the patients for appropriate school and cottage placement, for training and
parole assignments and reassignments and for objective criteria of change ;
(2) the evaluation of the personality and aptitudes of new employees; (3)
diagnostic testing of out-patients referred for behavior problems, retarded
development, school difficulties and delinquencies in cooperation with others
of the hospital staff; (4) diagnostic testing in conjunction with psychiatrist
and social worker of school children referred for reading disabilities, learn-
ing disabilities, behavior and personality problems. Paroled patients are
retested to determine changes in mental functioning skills and personality.
During the past year there were 685 persons tested using 4 abstract
and verbal type tests, 14 developmental and performance batteries, 3 tests
for personality and occupational interest and aptitude, 2 scholastic tests and
3 projective techniques. A total of 2,072 tests were given using these 26 dif-
ferent tests, an average of 3 tests per person tested. During the year 348
patients within the institution were tested, 49 new admissions, 57 out-pa-
tients, 109 new employees, and 122 children in school clinics. Of the 49
new admissions tested (84 in 1949-1950) 12 or 25% were in the idiot group.
(27% in 1949-1950) 18 or 37% imbeciles (33% in 1949-1950) or 62%
having intelligent quotients below 50 compared with 50% last year; 14 or
28% morons (30% 1949-1950) and 10% above moron level which was the
same last year. Of the new employees about half were in the average intelli-
gence zone, 5% below average and 44% above average. These figures in-
clude some college students in temporary summer employment.
A study is underway of the thought processes of children of the moron
grouping in the mental age levels of 5 through 10. Mental deficiency is not
at all the simple problem of "poor stock" heredity which so many consider
it but is a condition complicated by problems of prenatal and postnatal nutri-
tion, physical development, injury and infection, glandular functioning, birth
injury and other birth traumas such as anoxia, early socialization, training
and experiences. Much research is needed to clarify the effect of these factors
each of which is difficult to evaluate and to factor out.
MANSFIELD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL 383
DIETARY DEPARTMENT
In spite of rising food costs we have continued to keep meals up to a
high nutritional standard. Menus are still checked daily to insure the inclu-
sion of basic essential food items and while this check seems to indicate the
presence of adequate vitamin C in the diet we have continued the practice
of administering 100 mg. ascorbic acid tablets to all patients throughout the
winter months. Weekly weight charts are kept on all hospitalized patients
and monthly weight losses on patients residing in dormitories are reported
to the Dietary Office. This enables us to give special attention to the diets
of boys and girls showing a loss of weight.
During the past year an average of 25 patients and employees per day
have been served special diets from the Hospital Diet Kitchen. These thera-
peutic diets included Diabetic, Sippy, Ulcer, Bland, Fat-free, Low Calorie,
High Calorie, Allergy, Elimination, Reduction, Rice Diets, Baby Formulaes,
Diarrhea, Tube feedings. Liquidized Diets and High Caloric Nourishments.
Nourishments of fruit juice, Milk and Cal-c-tose are served three times
daily to all hospital patients as well as to patients in low grade buildings.
Although some pieces of new equipment have been received over the
past year, there is much yet needed. Serving units, dining rooms and dish-
washing units must be'?* enlarged and properly equipped before accomplish-
ing anything further toward achieving the high standards of food service,
efficiency and sanitation we desire.
PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
The daily average number of employees during the year ended June 30,
1951 was three hundred and sixty-one. This is a decided increase over the
figure for 1950 which was 338. The established quota of permanent posi-
tions at the end of the fiscal year was 402. This increase over the figure of
360 for June 30, 1950 is due to the re-establishment of essential positions
which had been cancelled by the administrative freeze order of February 1 .
1950. The daily average number of employees living on the grounds was 154,
living off the grounds, 206. In the course of the year we hired 132 new peo-
ple and 199 employees left the Service. Six employees were retired, one
through service, one through disability and four because they had reached
mandatory retirement age. One employee died and thirteen were dropped
during the probationary period. We had fifty-one resignations, 24 people
left without notice, two did not apply for reinstatement from leave of ab-
sence and 2 men were granted military leave.
In January 1951 a 40 hour course in Job Instruction was given at
Mansfield to department heads and Supervisors by Mr. James Walker of
the Department of Education. The employees who completed the course
were awarded a certificate.
Mansfield has two employee organizations. Local #389, American
Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, affiliated with the
American Federation of Labor, received its Charter in April 1939 and has
been in operation since. The second organization is Chapter #106 of the
Connecticut State Employees Association, which received its Charter in
March 1949.
384 MANSFIELD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL
FARM DEPARTMENT
The Holstein herd at Mansfield produced over one million pounds of
milk. This was sufficient for the patient and employee dietary requirements.
This production is the more remarkable in view of the loss of our storage
barn and with it the hay upon which we depended to keep up early spring
production, before the pasture season opens. The amount of milk produced
equalled over one quart per day per patient of population.
The meats raised on the farm and delivered to the institution totalled
over seventy-five thousand pounds. Over four tons of this was turkey raised
by our poultry department. The egg production of 40,590 dozens equal to
more than an egg per day per patient of our population. The vegetables, con-
sisting of thirty species and several varieties of each species total over sixteen
thousands of dollars in wholesale value.
BUSINESS OFFICE
For the year ending June 30, 1951 the operating costs were $1,578,-
174.24 and an additional capital outlay of $1,385,127.39 was expended for
equipment, construction, and reconstruction. The average weekly per capita
cost for 1950-51 was $23.53 which is distributed as follows:
Expenditures Weekly Per Capita Cost
1950 1951 1950 1951
Personal Services $ 810,698.18 $ 960,669.21 $12.33 $14.32
Contractual Services 49,054.02 55,641.35 .75 .83
Supplies & Materials 419,703.11 561,863.68 6.39 8.38
Total $1,279,455.31 $1,578,174.24 $19.47 $23.53
Collect, by Com. of Welfare $ 210,139.40 $ 238,589.71 $ 3.20 $ 3.56
Net Weekly Per Capita Cost $19.97
Calculations for the weekly per capita cost were based on the daily
average patient population of 1,286.09 — 1950-51 actually in residence in the
institution. The daily average for 1949-50 was 1,260.59. All per capita costs
are made on a residence population, as the inclusion of patients on visit
would reduce the per capita cost materially but not give figures which were
comparable with those of other institutions. It is noticeable that the per
capita cost increased from $19.47 in 1949-50 to $23.53 for 1950-51. The
increase is result of an increase in personal services of $1.99; contractual
services $.08 and material and supplies also $1.99. The number of em-
ployees averaged 338 for 1949-50 and increased to 360 for 1950-51.
There is a noticeable increase in collections from relatives of patients
and towns making payment to the department of welfare. In 1949-50 the
sum of $210,139.40 was received and in 1950-51 this amounted to $238,-
589.71 or an increase of ^>.36 weekly per capita.
The value of real property for 1949-50 is listed at $1,635,313.17 and in
1950-51 this increased to $4,691,507.10 — Personal Property also increased
from $522,321.00 in 1949-50 to $588,817.96 in 1950-51.
SOCIAL SERVICE
During the past year 111 of the boys and girls were on community
placement in a working capacity. Fifty-five were in working homes investi-
MANSFIELD STATE. TRAINING SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL
385
gated and approved by the social service department and 46 were living in
their own homes and working in a variety of jobs. Their total earnings for
the year was approximately $146,167.00.
In addition to those on working placement social service supervised
107 boys and girls in their own homes during the year. Six of the boys on
working placement entered the armed services.
The year 1950 saw the establishing of the first training class for men-
tally defective children, of pre-special class level, in the community spon-
sored by the training school. With the aid of social service a room in Union
Settlement, Hartford, was obtained and applicants whose names were on
the waiting list for admission were screened. The class opened on March 20
with an enrollment of nine which later increased to fourteen. A second class
was formed on May 9 with twelve children. A sense training teacher was
provided by Mansfield.
The boarding out program continues and on June 30, 1951 there were
ten middle aged, middle grade level women being boarded in homes investi-
gated and supervised by social service.
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
The following projects were completed during the past year: New
school and shops building ; new wells with equipment ; additions to the
Hospital laboratory and x-ray facilities. Projects under way are, alterations
to Powerhouse ; addition to Storehouse including refrigeration facilities ;
alterations of old school to ward building; and alterations to dental, clinic
and dietary facilities in Hospital. Projects with final plans completed but
work not started are, renovation of Boys dining room ; sidewalk with light-
ing ; and new steel barns for Farm Department.
FINANCIAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1951
Source of Agency Income — Appropriation State of Connecticut
Number of approved positions — full time
Number of approved positions — part time
Vacancies — full time
Vacancies — part time
Actively employed — full time
Actively employed — part time
Average daily patient population — male
female
Total population
Total net recurring operating expenses
Total capital outlay
Total expenditures
Personal services, net
Contractual services, net
Supplies & materials
Total, net
Collected by Commissioner of Welfare
Net weekly per capita cost
389
June 30, 1951
14
June 30, 1951
30
June 30, 1951
4
June 30, 1951
359
June 30, 1951
10
June 30, 1951
641.29
644.80
1,286.09
$1,578,174.24
1,385,127.39
$2,963,301.63
Weekly Per
Expenditures
Capita Cost
$ 960,669.21
$14.32
55,641.35
.83
561,863.68
8.38
$1,578,174.24
$23.53
$ 238,589.71
3.56
$19.97
SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL
bwm mmmmmm ■— b—hi
Established— 1940
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 2709 through 2716
Administrative head — Ernest N. Roselle, Super-
intendent.
Central office — Southbury; Telephone, Woodbury
400
Average number of full-time employees — 405
Organization structure — Medical Department;
Training Department ; Cottage Life Department ;
Social Service Department ; Department of Psy-
chological Services ; Department of Business and
Finance ; Department of Plant and Maintenance ;
Farm Department
Present valuation of plant — $5,163,563
Average number of inmates or patients in residence
—1378
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Grover F. Powers, M.D., Chairman
George P. Milmine, Vice-Chairman
Lenore H. Davidson, Secretary- Treas.
Ella G. Fleck
Paul W. Morency
Robert S. Morris
Vincent P. Cenci, M.D.
New Haven
Lakeville
Hamden
Stratford
Hartford
West Hartford
West Hartford
Term
Appointed Expires
1935 1955
1943 1954
1935 1955
1939 1952
1947 1953
1948
1951
1954
1953
On the hilltops above the school campus is located the Training School
farm of 1000 acres of highly productive soil and with a complete plant of
farm structures. The latter includes a cottage for fifty boys who do much
of the farm work.
Another area, developed during this biennium and Hearing completion
as this report is submitted, is an outstanding personnel housing unit — a.
village of eighteen attractive but modest homes for married personnel.
These are likewise place around a small New England village green. The
village is located across the valley from the main campus on a site over-
looking the school and the valley.
386
SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL 387
SCHOOL FACILITIES
On high ground hetween the two villages and dominating the insti-
tutional campus is located a modern school building consisting of thirty
classrooms and shops; a library; an auditorium seating nine hundred;
two gymnasia ; two stores and a bank serving the institution.
PERSONNEL HOUSING
Since no population centers are near and local bus routes do not
serve the institution, about three hundred of the four hundred employees
are rather of necessity housed at the school. Facilities for housing employees
have been planned with detailed care and are a distinctive feature of the
plant. The comfort and attractiveness of rooms with bath in the high and
middle grade cottages and similar facilities, offered in the three attractive
personnel buildings, together with a generous number of staff residences,
have played a major role in attracting personnel of high quality.
THE PROGRAM
The plant and its facilities are but a means to an end. The real objec-
tive of the Training School, its board, the staff and personnel is to operate
a program of care and training for those committed to its care which shall
ensure to each as full a realization, as his limited abilities permit, of those
opportunities which are his right in a democracy and to the extent which
the state can reasonably afford in its over-all obligations to its citizens.
THE COTTAGE PLAN OF LIVING ACCOMMODATIONS
The key feature of the Training School's whole program of care and
training lies in its plan of housing relatively small groups with the excep-
tion of the infirm — and these groups are not large — in cottage type build-
ings. Each is a complete home unit with family living room, dining room,
kitchen, sleeping quarters, etc. Here in an atmosphere approaching that of
a real home, with a couple in charge of each boys' cottage and a matron
in charge of each girls' cottage and with the family made up of persons
of similar mental capacity and interests, the handicapped child finds not
only a refuge of understanding and fair competition but encouragement
and inspiration for him to make more and more out of the limited capacities
with which God has endowed him. In even the infirmary type of cottages
where the capacity ranges from 60 to 90 the cottages are divided into
units and sections permitting much consideration and attention to the
individual as an individual.
Cottages have varying programs of recreation. Each cottage has a tele-
vision set with a motion picture projector available to cottages for the
infirm — a gift from parents and friends. Television means very much to
the retarded child in keeping him in touch with entertainment and with
something of the affairs of the world outside the school through media
which are comprehensible to him. Cottages in the training village have a
three-section, and yet coordinated, living room — a distinctive feature of the
Training School planning — which greatly assists the cottage staff in oper-
388 SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL
ating living room activities to serve several different types and levels of
interest in a large family.
THE PROGRAM OF SCHOOL AND OCCUPATIONAL
TRAINING
For high grade children and for middle grade children capable of
school and occupational training a wide program of training is operated.
Not only is this training carried on in the main school and in the two
industrial training units but the entire institutional commuity with its many
activities is used as a training laboratory for the approximately 900 children
who are able to profit by such training. The extent of the program is
indicated by the fact that training is being given in some 56 occupations.
These range from simple work on the grounds forces to training in skilled
trades. In certain trades the helper level is all that can be reached. In others
the skilled tradesman level is reached with the more capable trainees.
Among the occupations in which on-the-job training is given are : car-
pentry, house painting and papering, plumbing, steamfitting, electrical,
auto repair, blacksmithing, printing, shoe repair, barbering, greenhouse,
garden and farm work, beauty culture, power sewing, machine production,
food and household service, store work and child care.
HEALTH
The general health of the population throughout the year has averaged
high. There were no epidemics of significance and a relatively small amount
of serious illness.
The medical director, Dr. Herman Yannet, presents the following
information on health factors and the work of his department during the
year, covering first the Training School excluding the tuberculosis units
and secondly, the tuberculosis units.
TRAINING SCHOOL EXCLUDING TUBERCULOSIS UNITS
There were fifteen deaths in the institution which on the basis of our
total load of cases under care, works out to a mortality rate of 9 per 1000.
There were approximately 845 cases admitted and treated in our hos-
pital for acute illnesses, of which 8% represented personnel."
A total of 12,646 clinic visits were made during the year and 3,140
dental visits.
Our laboratory did 5,276 separate procedures including electroen-
cephalograms, basal metabolic rates, urine and blood studies, bacteriologic
and serologic studies and chemical analyses.
There were 59 major operative procedures ; 53 hospitalizations in out-
side hospitals and 6 operative procedures carried out at the Southbury
Training School hospital operating suite. These procedures included both
acute surgery as well as elective operations.
There was a total of 222 consultations requested and obtained from
various specialists on our consulting staff.
Our x-ray department did x-ray examinations on 1,650 individuals.
SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL 389
TUBERCULOSIS UNITS
The census on July 1, 1950, was 50 and on June 30, 1951, it was 54.
There was a total of 3 discharges which included 2 deaths. One girl was
returned to Mansfield as an arrested case. There was a total of 7 admis-
sions during the year of which 4 came from Mansfield and one was admitted
directly from the Training School. There were 2 children admitted directly
from outside hospitals or sanitariums.
The tuberculosis survey including tuberculin testing and x-ray study
of the chests of susceptibles, including personnel, was continued through-
out this last year as previously. Only one case was found during this survey
and this during so minimal a stage of activity that the prognosis should
be excellent.
RESIDENT TRAINING PROGRAM
As in the preceding two years, the course in pediatric neurology which
has been given under the supervision of the medical staff at Southbury was
repeated with considerable success. A series of eight lectures, clinics and
demonstrations during the winter was attended by an average of 30 physi-
cians interested in pediatric neurology. All the lectures took place at the
Training School. Four visiting lecturers covered special fields and were
excellently received. Both Dr. Deutsch and Dr. Yannet of our own medical
staff served as lecturers. This course is sponsored by Yale University and
the Connecticut State Medical Society and subsidized by them to the ex-
lent that funds are available to attract a high caliber of visiting lecturers.
Clinical research has continued throughout the year. Our interests have
been to a great extent an effort to study and evaluate various clinical syn-
dromes in the field of mental deficiency and cerebral palsy, and techniques
for the treatment of convulsive disorders in children.
During the year two sterilizations were carried out in line with our
community placement program. This brings our total number of selective
sterilizations since the program started to 26. Our experience so far with
this approach has been eminently satisfactory and will undoubtedly be
continued along these lines.
TRAINING
The number of children enrolled in classes in the main school and the
industrial training schools during the past year exceeded seven hundred
twenty-five. Of these approximately two hundred were in the continuation
classes which met for one three-hour session weekly. The others attended
classes daily on a full or one-half day basis. The educational program is
designed to cover the needs of all children under our care who can profit
from such instruction.
High grade children over sixteen years of age who are receiving work
training attend continuation classes designed to : (1) supplement the related
job training given in the work situation; (2) give practical instruction for
meeting social and occupational situations; (3) reduce illiteracy; (4) aid
the children to apply academic knowledge to practical problems; (5) pro-
vide social and vocational guidance: and (6) develop good social attitudes,
behavior and citizenship.
390 SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL
Older middle grade children and those high grade children who, he-
cause of physical or emotional handicaps, are unemployable in other situa-
tions throughout the institution attend the industrial training schools where,
under trained vocational teachers and therapists, they are helped to over-
come or to live better with their handicaps.
The total value to the institution of services and products of the indus-
trial training and vocational service units for this past fiscal year was
$40,992.
More than one-half of the teaching staff during the past year were
enrolled in extension and graduate study classes, showing their extremely
high interest in professional advancement and improvement. Seven did
graduate work at Columbia University, New York University, or the
University of Connecticut. Four other teachers did under-graduate work
at Connecticut teachers' colleges.
At the present time we are receiving a number of day pupils from
the towns of Southbury, Woodbury and Roxbury. These day pupils are
placed in their proper age, maturity, and social group and they participate
in all the activities of the Main school.
Approximately five hundred of our children are receiving vocational
training in various working assignments throughout the institution. Care-
ful thought is given to the placement of each child in his work training
situation in order to give him the experiences he needs most for his present
and future occupational and social adjustment.
The employees supervising the children in the work situations are
guided in their training responsibilities by the director of education and
training. Approximately one hundred and fifty of these employee trainers
completed an in-service training program that was jointly conducted by
the Southbury Training School educational department and the Connecti-
cut State Department of Education.
PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
When a child is admitted to the Southbury Training School, the
Department of Psychological Service undertakes a complete study of this
child. The Department is further responsible for periodic re-studies, pre-
placement studies, and special institutional studies.
The Department prepares an integrated master report which is pre-
sented to the committee of child study, care and training. Such a report
comprises an analysis of the case history, including all dynamic factors
which throw light upon the child's problem, diagnosis, program and prog-
nosis ; a psychological evaluation of the child, including an examination of
intellectual functioning, an evaluation of personality organization, and an
over-all interpretation in the light of the past and present findings. The
study establishes the classification and diagnosis of the child and makes
recommendations for future care, training and treatment. During the past
year, approximately 200 such studies were prepared by the Department
of Psychological Service.
BEHAVIOR CLINIC
The behavior clinic was established at the Southbury Training School
for the purpose of dealing psychotherapeutically with those defectives who
SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL 391
presented problems within the training school. Since care and training can
proceed more satisfactorily to the degree to which each individual child is
adjusted, all problems of adjustment within the institution are referred
early by other departments for study and therapy by the department of
psychological service.
During the year, weekly psychiatric case conferences were initiated
by the department of psychological service, in conjunction with the South-
bury Training School medical department and the clinical director of
Fairfield State Hospital. Difficult or serious cases were presented and dis-
cussed and recommendations were evolved and effected. These included
transfers to a state hospital, either permanent or for organic and other
treatments ; direction of psychotherapy to be carried out at the Southbury
Training School ; situational therapy at the Training School, etc.
During the past year, over 300 cases were referred to, and handled
by, the behavior clinic.
OUTPATIENT CLINIC
The outpatient clinic, established under Section 2716 of the General
Statutes, undertakes the diagnostic study of cases referred by other state
and community agencies. Problems include questions of mental deficiency,
educational disabilities, personality disorders, feasibility of foster-home
placements, advisability of special therapies, and the general question of
advisability and eligibility for admission to the Southbury Training School.
During the year the Outpatient Clinic completed 111 cases referred by
numerous agencies, as well as by physicians, clergymen and other private
citizens.
POST GRADUATE TRAINING
A professional relationship has been inaugurated with the Department
of Psychology of the University of Connecticut, wherein the Southbury
Training School will be utilized as a field clinic for graduate students at
the University. An internship has been established beginning September,
1950.
During the past year members of the psychological staff have actively
participated in training at Yale University, the University of Connecticut
and New York University.
SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT
The function of the social Service department is primarily to place
and supervise children from the institution. A director and three social
workers comprise the staff. The department works directly out of the insti-
tution. The social workers spend a great deal of time in working with the
children within the institution on a case work basis. It is the practice to
have the same social worker interview the family, follow the child through
the institution, and then supervise the child on placement. This makes for
a closer relationship between child and social worker. Interviews with
children and parents take up about fifty per cent of the workers' time.
392 SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL
ON PLACEMENT
Beginning with 1944, when our first trainees were ready to leave the
school, we have returned to their own communities or to foster communi-
ties a total of 530 of our charges. These placements have received the close
supervision of the school's social workers. They have taken the following
courses: 134 have been discharged as not requiring further supervision;
124 have been returned to the Training School for further training or
adjustment ; 8 have died ; 263 remain on placement. Of those employed
during this period the earnings have totaled $954,000.
During the year just passed we placed out from the school 31 girls
and 35 boys. Of 263 on placement 143 were actively employed. They
earned a total of $131,011 during the year. Nine attend school. We dis-
charged from further supervision during the year 22. Others are awaiting
early discharge. Sixteen of our placements are in the military service and
5 have attained the rank of corporal.
Some thought has been given to placing many of our older men and
women in boarding homes. This can be done when a home is licensed to
board. We plan to place four to six people in one home at the rate of
twenty dollars per week, which would cover room and board. As this
program would take some time to develop we hope to have an allotment
soon to have at least one home in the next year.
SUMMER CAMP
Possibly the greatest area of progress in the department of cottage
life was in the over-all program of activities for the children. During the
summer of 1950 from July 4th to Labor Day we operated a summer camp,
located a mile from the school on a delightful lakeside site and giving a
camping experience to 340 boys and girls. Their stay at the camp ranged
from one week to three days for some of the younger, less capable children.
It was their first camp experience, and for many of these children it was
their first vacation away from the institution. The camp program was
planned and adjusted to meet the individual needs of the children, depend-
ing upon each child's age and mental level. It is our feeling that a camp
program for mentally handicapped children need not be too different from
the accepted camp program of the so-called normal child. The camp was
not operated the summer past.
THE YEAR IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, PLANT
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE AND
FARM PRODUCTION
The following facts on progress during the year are gleaned from the
reports of the three department heads responsible on an integrated basis
for the business management of the institution and the operation and main-
tenance of the physical plant with its many services.
The maintenance and operation of the physical plant of some 70 build-
ings, comprising a complete community of 1800 population, located on a
1400-acre site which includes a 1000-acre farm, is an ever present problem.
An average of 399 employees were on duty for the year showing a
SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL
393
very narrow number o£ vacancies. Forty-nine new employments were
processed during the year and an equal number of terminations.
The service units, operated largely by those in training, had an excel-
lent year of production. Including the farm there was produced in these
units products and services having a total valuation of $193,856. The bakery,
manned by a baker and boy-trainees, produced $24,931 worth of products.
The school shops produced as follows:
Shoe Repair $5,925.00
Printing 3,553.00
Girls' Beauty Shop 9,944.00
Boys' Barber Shop 6,666.00
Power Sewing Class 4,577.00
Industrial Arts 1,484.00
Industrial Training Units 8,843.00
Total
$40,992.00
The farm had another good year producing farm products valued at
$126,773 at wholesale prices. The dairy unit produced 478,280 quarts
of milk — or in excess of 1300 quarts per day — and other milk products,
as well as 23,359 pounds of beef for a total value of $78,596. The poultry
unit, with one poultry man and two boy-helpers, produced 35,814 dozen
eggs and 10,437 pounds of poultry for a total value of $23,141. The pig-
gery unit produced 21,180 pounds of pork for a total value of $6,350. The
farm gardens produced potatoes and other vegetables valued at $20,363.
The above figures include tomatoes and carrots raised for the prison can-
nery which we sold to them for $917.00 and 2,700 dozen eggs which we
sold to another State institution for $1,335.
OPERATING COSTS
The operating costs for the year were as follows :
Personal Services
Contractual Services
Supplies and Materials
Gross Cost to State $1,679,663.51 $23.3786
Less Amount Collected by State Welfare Department for Support
of Children :
From parents and guardians $177,739.32
From towns at statutory
rate of $3.00 109,382.40
Weekly Per
Expenditures
Capita Cost
$1,080,288.20
$15.0360
26,127.94
.3640
573,247.37
7.9786
$ 287,121.72
Net Cost to State $1,392,541.79
Capital outlay during the year was as follows :
Equipment $58,039.69
Capital Projects 187,862.47
$ 3.9963
$19.3823
Total $245,902.16
PUBLIC RELATIONS
Thousands of visitors both individually and in groups come annually
to the Training School. Yale University, Teachers College at Columbia,
394 SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL
University of Connecticut, Connecticut College for Women, Trinity Col-
lege, New Haven and Danbury Teachers Colleges, are among educational
institutions which bring large class groups each year. The League of Women
Voters, service clubs and women's clubs are among other organizations
which send visiting groups frequently. The American Legion, church and
fraternal groups cooperate in bringing gifts and entertainment. Thirty-eight
entertainments were brought to the school during the year in this manner.
THE FUTURE AS TO POSSIBLE PLANT EXPANSION
The Training School was planned and built for 1200. Before it opened
in 1940 its capacity was arbitrarily set by the State at 1500. With the
availability within a few weeks of two buildings with a capacity of 70
which were built for children in the original plan of the institution but of
necessity used for the housing of personnel, that capacity will have been
reached. The waiting list after the two cottages are occupied will still ap-
proximate 350. In an attempt to provide for this list the state has appro-
priated funds for the building of additional housing as follows :
UNIT CAPACITY
Farm Cottage 60
Nursery Cottage SO
Infirmary for Girls 80
Total 190
Another infirmary unit for boys to accommodate 80, and for which
funds have not been appropriated, has been functionally planned. With this
unit and the expansion of service units to meet the increased population
such as the laundry, power house and disposal beds for which funds have
been appropriated, and several incidental units previously requested such
as a warehouse, garbage disposal unit, garages and a new road to the farm,
the institution's building program as the board of trustees now see it will
have been completed. Originally they desired, after much study, to limit
the population to 1200. It has already been expanded considerably above
that and the population of 1770 to be reached when authorized and planned
construction is completed represents, in the judgment of the board, the
top limit in size to which the Training School should be expanded.
MEETING THE WAITING LIST BY BOARDING OUT,
COLONIES AND CITY INFIRMARIES
It will be noted that current and planned construction projects will
not meet in full the waiting list which is, of course, continually growing.
To build a third training school in these days of high construction costs
is a serious step for the state to contemplate. This day can be postponed
in our opinion by expanding the Training School program by one or all
of three methods. Each method contemplates the quartering elsewhere
under the administration of the Training School staff of the more helpless
of the population, for whom the institution's special features of schools,
auditorium, gymnasia, etc., mean nothing, and bringing in their place the
more capable admissions for whom these facilities mean much.
SOUTHBURY TRAINING SCHOOL 395
BOARDING OUT
Certain approved private homes are available and others can be
located to receive infirm custodial cases from the Training School's present
population on a per weekly basis approximating what it now costs to main-
tain a child in the Training School. This would free beds at the Training
School for the admission of the more trainable child. This method is used
in other countries, notably Belgium, instead of building institutions.
FARM COLONIES
Boys capable of helping with farm work under close supervision can
be removed from the Training School to provide space for more highly
trainable boys and placed on farms rented and developed by the Training
.School as farm colonies. This plan has been operated with much success
in New York for many years.
CITY INFIRMARIES
The third plan for removing custodial cases from the Training School
to provide beds from the waiting list for trainable children and thus post-
pone the building of a third institution has been suggested by the Training
School in the past. It suggests the building in each of the larger cities of
its area, such as New Haven, Bridgeport and Waterbury, under the ad-
ministrative charge and direction of the Training School, a plain infirmary
type of structure to provide facilities for the infirm of that area. This city
colony method has large possibilities in several aspects. It would (1)
remove from the Training School considerable numbers of those who can-
not profit from its special features and free these accommodations for
those who can; (2) it would place these cusodial, untrainable cases nearer
their families; and (3) nearer the specialized medical services they need.
Resident physicians in training from the medical school could conceivably
as a fourth possibility head such units, providing supervision and medical
services at a reasonable cost. The plan contemplates providing accommo-
dations for a group of trainees from the Training School who would live
at the infirmary unit and assist with the care of the more helpless charges,
thus supplying these trainees with a placement opportunity.
CHILD STUDY AND TREATMENT HOME
"H. 4:
Established— 1949
Statutory authority — Sections 557b to 566b
Administrative head — Victor H. Andersen, Super-
intendent
*~4- 3e ^ Temporary office— 14 Davenport Avenue, New
Haven ; Telephone, Spruce 7-1932
Average number full-time employees — 1
Original legislative appropriation — $120,000
The Connecticut Child Study and Treatment Hume was established
for the care, study and treatment of emotionally disturbed children of the
state.
The board of trustees appointed by the Governor are : Dr. Milton J. E.
Semi, chairman ; Miss Katharine E. Griffith, secretary ; and John C. Albohm ;
Rev. Aaron J. Cuffee ; John Glynn ; Mrs. Edward Foster ; and George Coyle.
A fifty acre site in a very desirable location in Hamden, was purchased
with $46,000 of the original appropriation. Preliminary plans have been
developed for the construction of a needed facility in which to house and
treat the child-patients. A minimal budget for the operation of the facility
during the biennium, 1951-52 and 1952-53, has been provided.
The board of trustees are searching for buildings which might be
utilized to house mentally ill and emotionally disturbed children. When such
a home can be found a treatment program for the sick children for Connecti-
cut in a state-owned, financed and operated facility will be a reality.
In November, 1949, the General Assembly established The Connecticut
Child Study and Treatment Home which, "shall exist for the care, study
and treatment of emotionally disturbed and mentally ill children, who shall
be at the time of their admission or commitment not less than 6 nor more
than 16 years of age."
The control and administration of this state institution was vested in a
396
CHILD STUDY AND TREATMENT HOME 397
non-partisan board of unpaid trustees which was appointed in January, 1950,
as follows: Milton J. E. Senn, M. D., Chairman; Katharine E. Griffith,
Rev. Mr. Aaron J. Cuffee, Mrs. Edward Foster, John C. Albohm, John
Glynn, George Coyle.
The duties of this board as set forth by the statute are :
1. To acquaint itself with the functions and objectives of a Connecticut
Child Study and Treatment Home.
2. To ascertain services required to attain such objectives.
3. To provide such services.
In discharging its duties the Board of Trustees has:
1. Attempted to plan for a small pilot facility to come within the pro-
vided appropriation.
2. Acquainted itself with similar institutions throughout the country.
3. Investigated possibilities of a tie-in with existing private and state
institutions, also utilization of available state and privately owned buildings,
homes, estates, etc. The trustees rejected such plans on the advice of the
Department of Public Works as being too expensive to comply with firelaws
and remodel ; or because of unavailability of personnel, staff, and purchase-
able services ; or because we could not fit our children into an existing group
on account of sex, age, degree of disturbance, or physical or administrative
problems.
4. Appointed an advisory committee consisting largely of members of
the original survey committees appointed by Governor Baldwin in 1946 and
Governor McConaughy in 1948 which has met collectively and individually
with the trustees in a consultative capacity. Members of this committee are :
Robert Arnot, M. D., Connecticut State Hospital, Middletown ; Mrs. Merlin
Bishop, Connecticut State C. I. O. Council, Avon ; Louise Clancy, Connecti-
cut League of Women Voters, Riverside; Mrs. Edith Valet Cook, Connecti-
cut Child Welfare Association, New Haven ; Grace Cranston, Connecticut
Association of School Social Workers, Hartford ; William Curtis, M. D.,
Psychiatric Services in the Community, New Haven ; Mrs. Malcolm J.
Edgerton, Stamford ; Kosrof Eligian, Family Service Society, Hartford ;
Edith I. Epler, Connecticut Chapter, American Association of Social
Workers, Rocky Hill; Mrs. Herbert F. Fisher, Public Welfare Council,
Juvenile Welfare Committee, Commission on Children and Youth, Hart-
ford ; Geraldine Garrison, State Department of Education, Hartford ; The
Honorable Thomas D. Gill, Juvenile Court, Hartford; Byron T. Hacker,
Children's Center, Hamden ; Frances Hartshorne, Connecticut Society for
Mental Hygiene, New Haven ; Arlene Healey, Connecticut Conference of
Social Work, Hartford; Mrs. Otis H. Howgate, Parent-Teacher Associa-
tion of Connecticut, Greenwich ; Roy McLaughlin, Connecticut School for
Boys, Meriden; Henry B. Moyle, M. D., Hartley-Salmon Clinic, Hartford;
Joseph Rourke, Connecticut Federation of Labor, A. F. L., Bridgeport ;
Mrs. Alice P. Sells, Long Lane School, Middletown ; Mrs. Wilmer Shultz,
Connecticut State Federation of Women's Clubs, Canaan ; Marjorie Siskey,
Division of Child Welfare, Hartford ; Paul W. Stoddard, Ph. D., Housa-
tonic Valley Regional High School, Falls Village; Kenneth I. Wollan,
S. Sc. D., Junior Republic, Litchfield ; C. Rollin Zane, Children's Services
of Connecticut, Hartford; Elias J. Marsh, M. D., Bureau of Mental
Hygiene, Hartford.
398 CHILD STUDY AND TREATMENT HOME
The trustees have concluded:
1. That it required the services of an experienced professional person
who would take on the details of further research, coordination with state
and private agencies and persons, and planning ; someone who would eventu-
ally head up this facility as superintendent. Mr. Victor Andersen was ap-
pointed on October 1, 1950.
2. For economical and satisfactory results an unusual type of institution
is essential, in that it should consist of duplicate and self sufficient small
treatment units somewhat resembling a home for a family accomodating 16
children and 6 adults. Three units each to contain a maximum of 16 children
and one closed unit for 12 children is the minimum which can be wisely
planned.
However, in considering the great number of children requiring this
service it is anticipated that the General Assembly may at some future time
insist upon increasing these facilities. The long range planning department
of the Department of Public Works looks with favor upon these self suf-
ficient units, each with its own kitchen, oil burner, other utilities, and essen-
tial staff quarters. This will be a low cost type of building with few scarce
materials.
Acquisition of Land. On November 10, 1950, after consultation with
the Waugh Commission, the state (upon recommendation of the Governor,
the Commissioner of Finance, and the Comptroller as provided by Section
559b) made the initial payment on 50 acres of land in the town of Hamden.
This transaction has been concluded and title to these 50 acres is now vested
in the state.
The 1945 committee as well as subsequent committees recommended
the Home be established in the suburb of one of the state's centrally located
larger cities. This would permit economy in building as general hospitals
would be available making it unnecessary to provide infirmary facilities, and
most staff could live in their own homes rather than in staff residences. It
was also felt desirable to locate near a university where psychiatric and
psychological services might be obtained. The committee urged a location
be found convenient to rail and bus transportation and near main roads so
as to be accessible to parents of children, state officials, professional people
and staff.
BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE BLIND
wtij-fia«aga
Established— 1893
— MMBWWWB <fiVg7
»»g^a^^^?jariWiy-,svaifcMr mosses
arm i a*«gga«a<fea«ac- Zj;-.--.ryiii
.a^SSS Administrative head — Stetson K. Ryan, Execu-
^: Statutory authority — Chapter 79; Sections 1608-
1625
tive Secretary
eputy administ
ministrative Assistant
.~,*2**s Deputy administrator — Jefferson D. Hicks, Ad-
m
Central office — State Office Building, Hartford;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 775
Average number of full-time employees — 50
Organization structure — Investigation and case
work ; education and counseling ; rehabilitation
and employment ; home teaching and visitation ;
sales service and home industries ; prevention of
blindness ; mother's counseling and the pre-school
blind child ; vending stands and business oppor-
tunities ; deaf-blind ; talking books for the blind ;
bookeeping and accounts ; office supervision —
stenographic and filing ; publicity and information ; leisure time activities
MEMBERS OF BOARD
Marion Feuchtwanger, New Haven, term expires July 1, 1953; Mrs.
James R. Miller, Hartford, term expires July, 1955 ; Rev. Robert J. Shea,
Hartford, July 1, 1953. Ex-officio members: John Lodge, Governor; Allyn
L. Brown, Chief Justice.
It is true that this is a seeing man's world, but Helen Keller has re-
minded us that we might well move up on the bench of life to make room for
a blind brother. We are glad to record that wide acceptance is being ac-
corded this admonition. No longer is it necessary for a competent blind man
or woman to look forward to a lifetime of strifling drudgery caning chairs.
The opportunities for a satisfying career for the person without sight have
been enhanced greatly since the advent of World War II.
THE BLIND IN COLLEGE
For the academic year ended June 30, we have enrolled nine blind
students at four colleges and universities in this state — Bridgeport, Connec-
ticut, Fairfield and Trinity ; and one at Springfield College, one at Lincoln
399
400 HOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE BLIND
College of Chiropractics at Indianapolis, and two in a Harvard extension
course, while in residence at Perkins Institution at Watertown, Mass.
Three blind students, a boy and two girls, were graduated from the
Connecticut School for the Blind this month. One deaf-blind adult has com-
pleted a successful training course at the Industrial Home for the Blind
in Brooklyn, N. Y., and is gainfully employed. The blind chiropractor is to
establish an office in Booth Bay Harbor, Me. Three of the blind students
who were graduated from college last June have completed, successfully, a
year of teaching experience at the schools for the blind in Connecticut,
Maryland and Oklahoma, respectively.
WORK FOR WILLING HANDS
The Board has opened three new vending stands in the past fiscal year,
at the Fairfield State Hospital, Uncas-on-Thames, and Undercliff at Meri-
den. A blind man and his wife are in charge at Fairfield, and blind women at
Uncas and Undercliff.
The sum of $26,879.70 has been grossed at 235 sales which have been
held for the sale of products consigned by 406 (147 men, 259 women) blind
persons working in their own homes.
FOR MEDICAL EXPENSES
The Board has expended $15,197.66 for medical services for 398 per-
sons (170 adults, 228 children). Clients of the Board have been entered in
eleven of the general hospitals of the state at an expense of $7,361.75. Eye
specialists' services have cost $3,227 ; glasses $2,006 ; doctors' fees for other
than eye conditions $743.25. Other payments under medical expenditures
have been: Ambulance $30; artificial eyes $224; artificial limb $100; dental
care $527; hearing aid batteries $6.55; mental tests $310.00; prescriptions
$544.73; transportation for eye examinations $13.41; Visiting Nurses
$103.97; total $15,197.66.
TRAINING AND PLACEMENT
There are 2,701 blind persons listed on our state register, and of these
440 are gainfully employed. Of this number 165 are working in factory jobs,
and the remaining 275 are in non-industrial work. Among the latter group
are represented such professions as law, teaching, massage, chiropractics
and welfare. A departure from the usual pursuits followed by the blind and
partially blind is that of X-ray technician, and a client was trained under the
auspices of the Board and placed, upon completion of a two-year training
course, with one of the state departments as technician and laboratory assis-
tant. This man whose vision comes within the definition of blindness, has
sufficient vision to enable him to carry out this type of work.
STATE AND FEDERAL FUNDS
The rehabilitation services listed above have been carried out through
a joint program of Federal and State participation under the provisions of
Public Law 113 whereby the costs of administration and vocational guidance
and placement services are reimbursed 100 per cent from Federal funds, and
services to the clients are reimbursed on a dollar for dollar matching basis
of State and Federal funds.
BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE BLIND 401
The Board was allotted a total of $26,983 for the past fiscal year, and
the amount of State funds for matching purposes was set at approximately
$5,000. This represented a ratio of about 16 per cent State funds to 84 per
cent Federal funds utilized in the program.
454 NEW CLIENTS
During the fiscal year under review, 454 new names were added to the
register. Leaders in work for the blind have emphasized the importance of
prompt referral of cases of blindness to an agency. The Board has made a
study of this factor and has found that the time lag in about 30 per cent of
the referrals to the Board is not more than one year. This is considered a
better than average result.
118 PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN
It is disheartening to report there are now 118 pre-school (not more
than five years of age) blind children in the state, twenty -four of whom are
mentally deficient. Retrolental fibroplasia, the scourge which causes total
and permanent blindness in about 12 to 14 per cent of all children prema-
turely born, has deprived ninety-nine children of sight, twenty-three of
whom are more than five years of age. Eleven of these children are in resi-
dence at the School for the Blind and three are attending public school. In
September eight of the 118 pre-school blind children will have become five
years of age and will be entered at the School for the Blind.
COUNSELING THE PARENTS
How to counsel the parents of the pre-school blind children has caused
no little concern. The mother's counselor (public health nurse) is now giv-
ing full time to the work with children. A rather closely knit organization
of parents of the pre-school blind children has been formed, which has
proved to be an excellent plan.
THE SOUNDSCRIBER PROJECT
The Soundscriber project has progressed to a marked degree, and we
now have seven recording machines. Four of these machines were pur-
chased at a cost of $1,400 by a Hartford resident who had learned of our
work, and were donated to the Board. Through the Volunteer Bureau of
Greater Hartford a woman was secured to serve as coordinator of the proj-
ect, working under the direction of the Board's supervisor of education and
the executive secretary of the Volunteer Bureau. This woman has devoted
many hours to the work and has been assisted by several interested persons.
The use of two recording rooms has been donated — one at the Hartford
Hospital Cheney Library Building and another at the Hartford Secretarial
School.
VOLUNTEERS READ TEXTBOOKS
To date, this year, 17,352 pages of inkprint material have been re-
corded on 1,842 discs, or a total of forty books completed. One volunteer
has read 4,943 pages of textbook material, others 1,760, 1,588, 1,515, and
four others more than 1,000 pages each. Ten blind students have been
402 BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE BLIND
loaned this recorded material, which has made it possible for them to listen
to the recordings at their convenience.
We are glad to recount that twenty three persons have donated time
and talent to this enterprise, and that there lias been no expense to the
Board except for equipment and materials used. The recorded discs can be
used again and will be deposited in a regional library for the blind where re-
cordings will be available to blind students from this state.
MORE EMBOSSED PAGES
One is prompted to ask whether the Braille transcriptions are finding
lesser acceptance because of vocal recordings. The answer is no — Braille
presses are turning out more and more embossed pages. The American Bible
Society reports several tons of Braille paper sent this year to Japan to enable
the Japan Bible Society to distribute 7,300 Braille volumes. Shipments are
being made to Latin America and Brazil. The deaf-blind are wholly de-
pendent on embossed pages.
TALKING BOOKS FIND FAVOR
It is a pleasure to point to our talking book service, which has made
available the past year without charge, the equipment and disc recordings of
much classical and current literature to 594 blind men and women in their
own homes. It has been possible for the Board to provide for prompt repairs
to the machines and to offer counseling service in matters pertaining to talk-
ing books to clients in all parts of the state.
The 1951 General Assembly in the waning hours of the session enacted
the provisions of House Bill 581, which provided an appropriation of $200,-
000 for the Connecticut Institute for the Blind, $70,000 to be used to meet
the requirements of fire protection at the Trades Department and the School,
and $130,000 to provide added equipment and dormitory space at the School.
House Bill 84 was passed, and has become Public Act 16, which ren-
ders it unnecessary for a blind person to establish "need" in applying for tax
exemption up to an assessed valuation of $3,000 on personal property.
CONNECTICUT STATE PRISON
Established— 1827
^ Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 2996 to 3017
Administrative head — Ralph H. Walker, Warden
Deputy administrator— George A. Cummings,
Deputy Warden
Central office — Wethersfield ; Telephone 9-3364
Average number of full-time employees — 211
Expenditures, fiscal year 1950-51 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $1,095,016.99
Capital outlay, $226,755.55 (including $174,857.03
from building program fund)
H Organization structure — Administrative offices,
prison organization, Osborn Prison Farm.
Valuation (cost) of plant— $1,840,628.00
Average number of inmates — 726
The population of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield as of
June 30, 1951, was 747 men, of whom 165 were assigned to the farm at En-
field. The number of persons on parole on this date was 258; in addition,
twenty-five cases were being supervised for other states.
Members of the board of directors, their places of residence, and the
expiration date of their terms of office, are :
Arthur M. Chambers (president), New Haven, 1955 ; Ansel A. Packard
(vice president and secretary) Portland, 1955 ; Isidore Wise, Hartford,
1953 ; Rt. Rev. Msgr. Joseph Griffin, Meriden, 1953 ; Leigh Danenberg,
Bridgeport, 1953; William A. Purtell, Hartford, 1955; Joseph E. Talbot,
Naugatuck, 1955.
Sections 8827 to 8831 provide that the board of directors and the warden,
acting as a board of parole, may consider applications for the parole of
prisoners who have completed the minimum terms of their sentences, and
confer authority upon the board to establish rules and regulations governing
parole procedure.
403
404 CONNECTICUT STATE PRISON
COSTS AND LABOR RATIOS
Weekly per capita costs at the Prison increased $2.38 to $29.67 for the
year 1950-51. The ratio of prison inmates to employees in the institution
and at the farm averaged 3.44. The average population last year was about
one per cent above that of the previous five-year average.
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Contracts for the elimination of fire hazards in the employees' quarters
at the prison, replacement of the overloaded electrical wiring at the prison,
rewiring of the inmate dormitory building at the farm and a new paint
storage building at the prison have been completed with a few minor excep-
tions. A new water system at the farm has been completed and is in opera-
tion. Funds have been allotted for a new paint storage building at the farm
and for further fire reduction hazards in the dormitory building.
Funds have been allotted for the construction of a barracks building to
accommodate sixty inmates at Osborn Prison farm. A new bull barn has
been completed and is in use at the farm.
Our budgetary requests for capital outlay (exclusive of equipment)
amounted to $136,400. By act of the General Assembly the responsibility
for expending the monies made available for major plant repairs and im-
provements is charged to the commissioner of Public Works.
EMPLOYMENT
The general maintenance of the prison, lawn work, removing of snow,
as well as new construction work, is done by inmates who are eligible to
work outside the walls. However, the majority of the inmates are gainfully
employed in the various industries of the prison and farm. Major industries
include the sign and marker shop, tailor shop, cannery, prison farm, and
concrete shop. The sign shop manufactured 29,847 various types of wooden
signs for the Connecticut State Highway department. The tailor shop pro-
duces the uniforms and work clothing the inmates wear at this institution
as well as other state agencies. Production in the tailor shop has been cur-
tailed, due to the fact that the inmates assigned to the tailor shop are trans-
ferred to the cannery during the canning season. The cannery packed a total
of 153,228 #10 cans during the season of 1950.
Production figures for the Osborn Prison farm were 103,828 dozen
eggs, 667,428 quarts of milk, 27,456 pounds of fowl, 37,015 pounds of pork,
8,338 pounds of beef and 32,481 pounds of turkey, as well as delivering
851,688 pounds of miscellaneous vegetables to the prison cannery for pack-
ing. These were consumed at the prison and prison farm while the surplus
was sold to other state agencies. The herd at the farm now numbers some
300 odd head of Holstein cattle. Approximately 225 inmates are employed
at the prison farm, 70 in the cannery, 65 in the tailor shop and lesser amounts
in the minor industries.
RELIGION
Full time Protestant and Catholic Chaplains conduct regular religious
services and are available for personal consultations. The members of the
CONNECTICUT STATE PRISON 405
Connecticut State Prison Sunday School Teachers association conduct a
Sunday school each Sunday following Catholic and Protestant services. A
similar program is conducted at the Osborn Farm.
EDUCATION
An average of 25 inmates have been attending our elementary day
school for the past year.
The program was for men just learning to read and write to classes
equivalent to our 7th grade in public schools. These groups were taught by
very capable inmates and much progress was made. In addition to the above,
we held two classes a day in typing for the more advanced students. Cor-
respondence courses are made available and our inmates are taking advantage
of this opportunity, many others are doing self study in their cells from text
books loaned them from our educational department.
For the first time in the history of our institution a vocational program
was instituted January 14, 1951. The following classes were taught by quali-
fied instructors from the Connecticut State Department of Education, bureau
of vocational education and vocational training field service : printing, car-
pentry, masonry and painting. We enrolled an average of 12 students in
each class.
RECREATION
The educational director has charge of our recreational program at the
Osborn farm and prison proper at Wethersfield which consists of the follow-
ing varsity sports against outside teams : Baseball, basketball, football and
softball.
Our intramural play consists of four baseball teams and six softball
teams which play Saturday afternoons and during the hour's recreational
period each day.
In addition to the sports mentioned, our educational and recreational
director selects the movies which are shown every Saturday and holidays
from November to May. The year's activities are climaxed with our Annual
Sports' banquet which includes a dinner, award of trophies, guest speakers
and closes with an outside stage show.
MEDICAL
There have been no epidemics during the past year, and the general
health of the inmates has been good. The increase in nervous conditions and
mental illness continues, while there is a corresponding decrease in the in-
fectious diseases.
Recently our new x-ray machine was installed, and we feel that it is
adequate to take care of our needs in radiology, except for x-ray treatments.
We have been fortunate in having been able to add a radiologist to our staff,
which will fill a long felt need in the diagnosis and treatment of our patients.
PAROLE
Parole should not be confused with probation or with the commutation
of a prison sentence. Neither should it be regarded as an act of sympathy
406 CONNECTICUT STATE PRISON
or mercy, or a reward to an offender for a good record during incarceration.
Parole is a privilege granted an offender to serve a portion of his sentence
outside the prison walls under the guidance and supervision of trained parole
officers. It provides the offender with an opportunity for adjustment while
under the control and jurisdiction of the state.
The main objectives of parole are the protection of society and the re-
habilitation of the parolee under supervision. With this in mind, every effort
is being made by the parole department to simplify the many problems con-
fronting an inmate upon his release on parole. A complete program is pre-
pared for every parolee leaving the institution. None of these men physically
able to work are released without suitable employment. All must have a
proper home environment and the means with which to provide all necessi-
ties until such time as they are in a position to care for themselves.
During the past year the Board of Parole released two hundred and
twenty-six inmates and of this group fifty-seven violated their paroles and
were returned to prison. One hundred and thirty-four men completed their
paroles successfully and were discharged during the period. Of the fifty-
seven who violated, twelve committed other felonies and were prosecuted
accordingly. The remaining violations were considered to be misdemeanors
or those of a technical nature. At the end of the period herein reported there
were two hundred and fifty-eight inmates on parole from this institution.
In accordance wih the interstate compact, out-of-state parolees are also
supervised by this department and are given the same treatment and atten-
tion as the local cases. A number of pre-parole investigations have been
made for other states during the past year and eighteen out-of-state parolees
are under supervision at the present time. Periodical reports covering their
progress and activities are furnished the authorities having jurisdiction over
these men and a complete file on them is kept in the parole office.
Since the enactment of the parole law in 1902, paroles have been
granted to four thousand one hundred and thirty-seven inmates. Seven
hundred and eighty-four (18.95%) violated their paroles and all but three
per cent of those who violated have been apprehended and returned to prison.
BOARD OF PARDONS
Established— 1883
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 135
Administrative head — Vine R. Parmelee, Clerk
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951, the Board of Pardons
convened at the prison in Wethersfield on six different dates to hear petitions
for pardon and commutation of sentence. Regular sessions were held on
October 2 and November 20, 1950, the November session having been
continued from November 6. Regular sessions were also held on April 2
and May 7, 1951.
A special session of the Board was held on November 13, 1950, to
hear a petition for commutation from the death penalty to life imprison-
ment. A like session was also held on December 18, 1950. Lt. Governor
William T. Carroll presided over the regular session held on November
20, 1950, and at the special session held on November 13, 1950. At all
other sessions of the board, the regular members were present.
Dispositions :
Petitions filed 168
Petitions withdrawn before hearing 24
Petitions acted upon favorably 15
Petitions denied 129
168
407
408 BOARD OF PARDONS
Of the petitions granted, six were for reductions in the minimum sen-
tences imposed by the Court. Four petitioners serving life terms were re-
manded to the custody and jurisdiction of the Board of Parole for such
action as said Board of Parole may find it proper to take. Two petitioners
were granted a commutation from the death penalty to life imprisonment.
SCHOOL FOR BOYS
Established — June 27, 1851
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 2786-2790
Administrative head — Roy L. McLaughlin, Su-
perintendent
Deputy administrator — George V. Moore, Assist-
ant Superintendent
Central office— 294 Colony St., Meriden, P. O.
Box 706, Telephone 5-0776
Average number of full-time employees — 113
Valuation (cost) of plant— $1,071,594.00
Average number of inmates or patients — 183
The Connecticut School for Boys, located at Meriden, is a training
school for the care and treatment of boys under 16 years of age who have
been adjudged delinquent by the juvenile court. As delinquency has long
been recognized as a form of social maladjustment, the program of treat-
ment lies in the integration of the services of education, psychiatry, psy-
chology, social work, medical care and moral training. The institution at-
temps to bring all those forces to bear upon the individual who presents
conduct problems or behaviour disorders and, at the same time, advantage
is taken of the many values inherent in group living. The emphasis, of
course, varies according to the individual case and, although we have fine
classifications, there are two major groups.
The first comprises those who are delinquent because of lack of good
social and moral training at home and because of poor environmental in-
fluence. For these, treatment is largely a matter of re-education with the
development of socially desirable habits and ideals. The social, religious and
work program of the school and the good example of sympathetic and in-
terested adults all play their part in achieving this goal. A smaller group,
exhibiting varying degrees of psychopathy, particularly require the special-
ized services of the psychiatrist, psychologist and social worker. In all cases,
409
410 SCHOOL FOR BOYS
our objective is to help each boy to solve his problems to the end that he
will have a healthy personality, have confidence in himself, be able to relate
to others and develop a good moral sense and so be able to face the business
of life.
The government of the school is vested in a non-partisan board of
trustees of seven members, appointed by the Governor with the advice and
consent of the Senate, who serve without compensation. The board de-
termines the policies of the school, appoints the superintendent and has
authority to release boys, to return them to the school from placement at its
discretion and to discharge them permanently from care.
The present members of the board and the date of expiration of their
terms are Robert G. Church, 1955 ; Paul H. Curts, 1955 ; Mrs. Teannette
Snow, 1953; Bernard M. Donnelly, 1953; Henry B. Moyle, 1955; Mrs.
Doris Sviridoff, 1953; Kenneth Wynne, 1955.
The institution maintains both elementary and junior high schools.
There is no radical difference in our educational program from that of the
public schools except that we group pupils more in accordance with their
abilities and limitations rather than employ usual grade classification and
we attempt to meet the needs of the individual. With a falling off in the
population, we now have seven teachers of academic subjects and instructors
in the special subjects of art, woodworking, printing and physical education.
We are faced with a serious situation in regard to teachers' salaries
which have advanced to such new levels in most towns in the state that we
cannot compete. Not only must we urge a revision upward in the salary
range for teachers but it is equally desirable that the increments be spread
over a long period of years, as in the public schools, and that consideration
be given to those who continue their studies while in service and obtain
advanced degrees in their special fields.
The medical department reports no death during the year and very
little serious illness. Because of the threat of an influenza epidemic we gave
preventive innoculations to our entire population and later when a great
many cases of measles were being reported we innoculated against that
disease with the result that we had a much smaller percentage than we had
reason to anticipate. Other preventive measures that are taken as routine
are chest X-rays, Shick, Dick and Wasserman tests and vaccinations and
other innoculations are administered where indicated. The chest X-rays this
year disclosed two cases of tuberculosis but neither was in an infectious
stage. As usual, we employed the services of local specialists in orthopedic,
ear, nose and eye cases and of the Meriden Hospital, Undercliff Sanatorium
and the Newington Home and Hospital for Crippled Children. We had
occasion, also, to transfer one boy, who developed an acute psychosis, to the
Connecticut State Hospital.
Dr. Edmund Vadasz devotes a great deal of his time to the psychiatric
needs of the school. He gives every boy a psychiatric examination on ad-
mission and carries on a program of individual treatment with those who
show serious emotional disturbance or have personality difficulties. ITe
participates in the planning for all boys by his attendance at meetings of the
progress and placement committees. He advises with staff members in-
dividually and this year he has conducted the course of in-service training.
SCHOOL FOR BOYS 411
The number of commitments has not changed materially during the
past few years, ranging from 105 to 111 since 1947, though that represents
a considerable decline from a 20-year median of 149. We assume there will
be a marked rise as soon as the high birth rate of the war years becomes a
factor in the age range with which we deal. We had 197 boys in residence
at the beginning of the year, 186 at the end and the average population for
the year was 183. On placement at the beginning of the year, we had 186,
at the end 172, an average of 200 and a total number carried of 324 indi-
viduals. Of this number, 23 were returned to the school because of failure
on placement, 7 for relocation and 1 for hospitalization.
A plan wras initiated in 1924 to rebuild this institution and between
that time and 1932 most of the plan was carried out. We are reconciled to
the fact that there will be no additions or replacements of buildings here in
the immediate future but for the record the new institution will not be com-
plete until the four old cottages and the root cellar are replaced and there is
added a garage for cars of staff members and, we hope, a swimming pool.
We do rejoice, however, exceedingly in the prospect of the development of
a good playground area. It was recommended by the Waugh Commission
and we are encouraged to believe that this project will be provided for in the
new building program. We have, also, had to press recently for housing
accommodations for the families of two executives and we believe the situa-
tion will be relieved this fall by minor remodeling of one of our houses and
purchase of a frame house adjacent to the school property.
In the matter of maintenance of plant, we hasten to express our ap-
preciation of the excellent care given our roads by the State Highway De-
partment. For budgetary reasons, we have not been as fortunate in the
maintenance of buildings. The roofs of three buildings have to be renewed,
there is work to be done on walls and a considerable amount of plaster
repair and exterior painting is needed. This has now become the responsi-
bility of the Department of Public Works and we have advised the com-
missioner concerning these conditions.
We reported last year that sprinklers had been installed in the 4 old
cottages and the hallways made fire resistant. This year the painting and
repairs made necessary by the operation were completed and final payment
made. The total cost of the project was $48,875.15. Three other fire preven-
tion projects have been completed under the bond issue and two more are
contemplated. Those completed involve fire escapes, application of fire-
retardant coatings and extension of the water main, as well as a miscellany
of minor alterations. Contemplated is a new fire alarm system and correc-
tions advised principally in the halls of the new cottages.
LONG LANE SCHOOL
-1949 Revision, Sections 2751-
-Alice Phillips Sells, Su-
Established—1870
Statutory authority—
2760
„ Idministrative Jicad-
perintendent
Deputy administrator — Acting Asst. Supt, is Place-
ment Supervisor, Girls' Welfare Supervisor or
Director of Education, as designated by Superin-
tendent whenever she is to be absent from the
School
Central office — Long Lane School, Middletown ;
Telephone, 6-8674
Average number of full-time employees — 91.4 per-
manent (including 5 part-time staff members; 3.5
temporary)
Organization structure — Administrative Division ;
Placement Service, Welfare Section, Educational
Division, Medical Service, Farm Management
Section, and Maintenance Section
Valuation of plant— $1, 138, 299. 7 7
Average number of inmates — In residence, 121.8; in communities 191.1 ;
Total 312.9
Funds for operation, fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $468,043.79*
Expenditures, fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $391,786.38'
Capital outlay, $51,055.84
Directors: Dr. E. E. Schattschneider, Middletown, President, 1953;
Mrs. Pauline R. Smith, Waterburv, Secretary, 1953 ; Mrs. Helene C. Cotter,
West Hartford, 1952 ; Mrs. Martha Dewing, Hartford, 1954 ; Miss Mildred
P. French, Storrs, 1953 ; Mrs. Hayes Hoyt, Stamford, 1954 ; Mrs. Elizabeth
R. McConaughy, Cornwall, 1954 ; Mr. Malcolm Stearns, Jr., Haddam, 1952 ;
One vacancy, 1952.
*This includes an insurance refund of $1,489.32.
41.
LONG LANE SCHOOL 413
In January the Board sustained a great loss in the resignation of Dr.
G. Walter Cady, who served with wisdom and understanding for 38 years,
during 17 of which he was President.
Two plant improvements of the past year will result in ultimate econ-
omies: The master water meter will, we anticipate, soon be paid for in
savings in water bills. The new oil burner is already showing results. We
are hoping, with the additional funds made available by the Public Works
Department, to install the second oil burner recommended in the Barber
report.
The teaching program which our director of education reports, with a
roster of ten teachers, rivals the accomplishments of the little red school-
house. One teacher instructed the elementary grade pupils (44 distributed
in five grades) in arithmetic, English, reading, spelling and social studies.
With six secondary teachers, the physical education director and the crea-
tive art instructor, the 69 high school pupils were offered four English, four
History, three Mathematics, two Home-Making, one General Science, one
Latin, and three Commercial courses. The Music teacher is the tenth mem-
ber of the staff.
In June, 18 girls received diplomas for completing the 8th grade, and
two were given high school certificates.
However, as far as possible girls of school age are placed in outside
homes to attend the public schools in the community ; 32 were attending
outside public schools in 1950-51 ; five graduated from high school and one
from grammar school.
Each girl receives, in her home, training in housework and cooking
(including waitress work, care of kitchen equipment, and meal planning
and preparation).
A social service department may always be expanded with profit to the
handicapped group which it serves. Certainly early psychiatric aid to Long
Lane School girls would be beneficial and ultimately, we believe, pay ap-
preciable dividends.
Comparisons of the medical reports for 1950-51 and 1949-50 indicate
a lighter load on physician's and nurses' services. One interesting fact is
that, whereas commitments have decreased, the proportion of pregnant girls
has increased during the year ; in April, eleven girls were waiting for de-
livery. The great jump in medical expenses this year over last is due not
only to increased hospital rates, but also to the fact that girls on parole re-
turned to the School for dental or medical care. A new X-ray machine in
the dental department is expected to play an important role as a diagnostic
agent.
A creditable showing is made in the report of wearing apparel com-
pleted in the home-making classes. The new power machines offer a train-
ing long coveted for our girls — a training which will enable some of them
to fill well-paid factory positions when they leave the School.
Our farm production report (total value this^past year, $50,300), our
canning school report (17,362 units from May 15 to December 30, 1950),
our greenhouse report (value of produce raised, $9,065 ; total expenses,
$10,375) indicate successful efforts to diminish operating expenses.
414 LONG LANE SCHOOL
No work has been done during the year on the $32,000 Kimball In-
firmary alterations or on the new dwelling for men staff members, to replace
the present highly inflammable wooden dormitory ; the projects have been
approved but funds have not been made available. Forty thousand dollars
was allotted by the Waugh Commission for steam pipes. In addition to this,
$35,000 has been added for the purchase and installation of a 200 horse-
power oil burner. Rising costs made it necessary to pay more than the
$35,000.
CONNECTICUT REFORMATORY
Established— July 20, 1909
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Section 2765 to Section 2785
Administrative head — Leonard E. Comstock
Deputy administrator — Forrest G. Hatch
Central office — Cheshire (Maple Avenue) ; Tele-
phone Cheshire 391
Average number full-time employees — 121
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $703,777.17
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $501,008.03
Capital outlay, $75,840.24
Valuation (cost) of plant, $1,925,420.00
Average number of inmates — 220.5
The Connecticut Reformatory is a correctional institution for male of-
fenders between the ages of 16 and 25 years. It receives commitments for
both felonies and misdemeanors for which such persons may be punished
by imprisonment for a shorter period than life by the Superior Court. Com-
mitments also are made by town, city and borough courts for which the
maximum penalty imposed by statute does not exceed five years in the State
Prison. By authority of the General Statutes under certain conditions in-
mates may be transferred from the State Prison, or from the Connecticut
School for Boys, to the Reformatory.
Seven members comprise the Board of Directors who are appointed by
the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate for a term of four
years. Their respective places of residence and year in which their term of
office expires are: Lester C. Burdick, (President) Stratford, 1955; Henry
Gund, Jr., (Vice President) Southport, 1955; Rev. John P. Wodarski,
(Secretary) Hartford, 1951 ; George A. Tierney, Middletown, 1955; Mrs.
Katharine S. Brown, Winsted, 1953 ; Professor John Stafford, Hartford,
1953 and Rev. Charles X. Hutchinson, Jr., Norwich, 1953.
The Reformatory board, together with the superintendent, sitting as a
Board of Parole, may parole inmates at their discretion by a majority vote
415
416 CONNECTICUT REFORMATORY
and may by unanimous vote discharge an inmate. The Connecticut Reforma-
tory's primary aim and function is not punitive but is, by training and edu-
cation to seek the rehabilitation, reformation, and re-establishment in so-
ciety of the young men committed to its care.
The operating funds of the institution are received by appropriation
from the General Assembly with the exception of a $100,000.00 industrial
revolving fund which operates the printing plant, auto marker shop and
cabinet shop. At the close of each fiscal period any balance in excess of $100,-
000 reverts to the State Treasury. Items in a condensed financial statement
for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951 include total capital outlay of $75,-
840.24, total recurring operating expenses of $501,008.03, and a total ex-
penditure of $577,684.22. During the year there were receipts from institu-
tion services, such as farm and shops of $167,475.77. As of June 30, 1951
the number of approved positions at the Reformatory was 130 and the
number actually employed 121. New admissions numbered 133.
CLASSIFICATION DEPARTMENT
This department gives various psychological examinations, school
achievement and school placement tests, and ability and aptitude tests,
which aid in determining the work placement of the individual in the Re-
formatory's training program. It also holds monthly classification meetings
whereby the entire administrative staff has an opportunity of meeting each
boy and evaluating him.
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
In the print shop industrial training is given in press operation, hand
composition, linotype operation, ruling and bookbinding. In the machine
shop there is training in machine operation and repair, in tool making and
die sinking. The cabinet shop provides training in manufacture of furniture
and allied articles, in finishing and re-finishing. There is also training in
apprentice carpentry and construction of industrial buildings and homes.
Manufacture of highway directional signs and auto markers, carried on here,
give other valuable training. In addition, young men may acquire skill in
interior and exterior decorating, plumbing, steamfitting, sheet metal work,
masonry, bricklaying, plastering, blacksmithing, welding, and all phases of
automotive repair and re-building. Clothing is manufactured under compe-
tent instruction, laundry operation is taught, and the steward's department
provides training in the culinary sciences, including cooking and baking.
Farm operations are carried out with approximately 375 acres under
actual cultivation. Food for the institution is produced and scientific farm
management is taught. There is a herd of 75 thoroughbred Holstein cattle
and scientific herd management for a group of interested inmates. This herd
is under advanced registry and has made many excellent records both for
production and quality.
The academic department operates on a ten month's schedule. Classes
are held four days and five nights weekly during this period ; classes being
comparable to those of an outside grade school, with special remedial educa-
tion for a small group in lower intelligence levels.
CONNECTICUT REFORMATORY 417
The parole department prepares a program for every boy leaving on
parole, the officers securing work placement and carrying on supervision
during the parole period. There is a well planned religious program for
both Protestant and Catholic youth, and competent service in a small hos-
pital with service available for major emergencies in hospitals at Waterbury
and New Haven. There are weekly movies, basketball, baseball and football
between teams in the institution and also against semi-professional teams.
An adequate library is maintained at the Reformatory where reading
classes are held ten months of the year. Inmates may draw out books three
times weekly. Daily newspapers are available and also weekly and monthly
magazines.
STRUCTURAL CHANGES AND IMPROVEMENTS DURING
THE BIENNIUM
During the biennium complete new laundry equipment has been pur-
chased and installed thus affording facilities for modern and sterile handling
of laundry. A new dentist office with complete modern equipment also was
installed.
A survey is underway, supervised by the real assets division of the
state Public Works Department of all existing electrical lines, conduits, etc.,
throughout the institution. The present wiring, in existence approximately
forty years, is in great need of replacement and constitutes a serious fire
hazard.
Renovations and alterations to the inmates' dining room and kitchen
facilities by allocation of funds from the capital improvements committee
are approximately 60% completed at this time. It is anticipated that these
will be completed and the changeover made during the early Fall. Pre-
liminary plans and specifications by architects designated by the Public
Works Department for the erection of a new minimum security housing
wing for 150 inmates as recommended by the Humane and Welfare In-
stitutions building program commission have been tentatively approved,
and it is hoped that construction upon this housing wing will be started at
an early date.
FARM AND PRISON FOR WOMEN
awwa wdmw
Established— -Farm, 1917; Prison, 1930.
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision : Farm, Sections 2738 to 2750 ; Prison,
Sections 2996 to 3018
Administrative head-
tendent
-Elsie A. Shearer, superin-
Deputy administrator — Elizabeth B. MacKenzie,
assistant superintendent, correctional
Central office — Niantic, P. O. Box 456 ; Telephone,
Niantic 9-5413
Average number of full-time employees — 100
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $409,768.87,
(State Funds); other funds, $182.26; capital
outlay, $16,614.22
Valuation (cost) of plant — $1,554,036.77
Average number of inmates supervised — 314 (Resi-
dent and Parole)
The Connecticut State Farm for Women, established in 1917, receives
women over 16 years of age committed, by any court of criminal jurisdic-
tion, for felonies or misdemeanors. Also, may be committed unmarried
girls between 16 and 21 who are "in- danger of falling into habits of vice."
The length of sentence to this state agency is indeterminate, within a maxi-
mum of three years, unless the crime committed calls for a longer sentence
in which case the judge may increase the term up to the legal maximum for
the offense.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The Board of Directors, places of residence of members, and date of
expiration of their terms, follows: Eleanor H. Little, Guilford, 1955 (chair-
man) ; Fanny Dudley, Old- Lyme, 1953 (vice chairman) ; Ellen C. Kelley,
New London, 1952 (secretary) ; Alice F. Cowgill, Hamden, 1956; Judge
Solomon Eisner, Hartford, 1957 ; Dr. Howard S. Colwell, New Haven,
1958; Dr. Henry A. Archambault, Taftville, 1954. Board members serve
seven-year terms. They determine the policies of the institution, exercise
general supervisory control and have the authority to parole both farm and
418
FARM AND PRISON FOR WOMEN 419
prison women. The statutes require that at least three members shall he
women, also that the superintendent, appointed by the hoard, shall he a
woman.
During the fiscal year we had a daily average of 314 under supervision.
This includes 135 adults and 18 infants at the Farm and Prison and 161 on
parole. We admitted 104 new cases (97 Farm and 7 Prison). There were
22 infants born and 3 admitted with their mothers. In this period 393
women and infants were in the institution, which shows that the total num-
ber cared for far exceeds the daily average in population. Since the peak of
admission rate in war years (1942-44) there has been a gradual but con-
stant decrease in the numbers admitted. Whatever constructive influences
prevent commitments are commendable. Future trends will be important
and obviously will reflect social conditions and policies of court officials
and others whose decisions influence convictions.
In addition to providing custody this institution is obligated by law to
benefit those committed "physically, mentally and morally." Every phase of
our entire program is planned with this objective. This requires a flexible
and individualized procedure for each woman because of the extreme dif-
ferences among them. The physical age range is from 16 to 70, with the
great majority under 35 and the average in the early 20's. Other variations
are intelligence levels (very low grade to high average), educational
achievement, industrial skills, personality problems (fairly stable to men-
tally ill) and degree of delinquency. The one common denominator is that
all have had trouble and practically all will return to the community.
A complete description of our entire training program has been given
in previous reports and is not repeated in detail. Briefly, our women are
taught personal hygiene, cooking, serving, housekeeping, canning, laundry
(home and commercial), care of babies, dairy work, handicrafts, sewing
(hand and machine) and gardening. Regularity of work and standards of
achievement are definite aids in re-establishing good habits. Our library,
with services designed to provide wholesome recreation and indirect educa-
tion, has 2,517 books of both fiction and non-fiction.
Typing is taught for those who qualify. We also have social case work,
medical treatment, religious training including a Protestant and Catholic
service each Sunday conducted by chaplains, and both planned and informal
recreation in order to make constructive use of leisure time.
Medical care, having corrective treatment as its aim, is provided by
our resident physician, dental work by a part-time dentist, and eye exam-
inations by a visiting oculist. All physical needs are met, including surgery,
X-ray and laboratory diagnosis. When our facilities are lacking, outside
hospitals and clinics are used.
Approximately 50% of the women committed had a history of chronic
or potential alcoholism
Approximately 25% of the women committed were obstetrical cases
Approximately 25% of the women committed were venereal disease
cases
5 epileptics were treated
3 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed
10 adults had major surgical attention
420 FARM AND PRISON FOR WOMEN
Two staff members of the Commission on Alcoholism have continued
to conduct weekly clinical service at the Farm for the women with alcohol
addiction. This increases the therapeutic treatment and is closely correlated
with the work of our professional staff both at the Farm and on parole.
Their services are invaluable and greatly needed as the medical report shows
how many of our women need specific help for alcoholism. Our women also
attend their community clinics on parole with beneficial results.
The farm manager reports a good year ( 1950) with a profit of $1 1,933.26.
Inmates provided 26,523 hours of labor. Our farm provides all of our
vegetables, some fruit, milk, beef, mutton, pork, poultry and eggs. Surplus
tomatoes were sold to Wethersfield cannery, potatoes to Mansfield Training
School and eggs to Seaside Sanatorium. In addition to its practical value,
the therapeutic value of our farm work for inmates is immeasurable and
fully justifies its existence.
As this is written the addition to the office is under construction. It
will provide adequate space for efficiency and needed room for inmate
visitors. Some recommended work on fire hazards has been accomplished
through the real assets division. Further planned work will be continued
by the Public Works department. It includes a complete fire alarm system
and a fire engine. Major work accomplished by our men includes installa-
tion of an oil burner at the Prison building and a boiler at the laundry.
Inmate labor with supervision accomplished the following :
Laundry for the year 1950-51 Farm Seaside Total Revenue
297,487 lbs. 107,580 lbs. 405,067 lbs. $5,090.29
Sewing No. of Pieces Value
Household & miscellaneous 5,128 $ 2,713.36
Girls' clothing 3,523 4,691.16
Baby clothing & supplies 1,339 458.10
Medical & clinical 2,208 639.65
Mended & repaired 926
Cannery 15,274 qts. vegetables and fruit.
13,124 $ 8,502.27
As of July 1, 1950 there were 154 women on parole. During the fiscal
year 174 additional women were paroled after achieving required time and
fulfilling health, conduct and training standards as required. We have as-
sisted as requested, with out-of-state investigations and supervision through
the Inter- State Compact and have in turn received help for our out-of-state
placements. Miss Whitefield, parole supervisor, also makes placement plans
for the babies. She reports 34 babies placed as follows :
Placed with mothers 8
Placed with other relatives 2
Placed by Division of Child
Welfare or Child \ 24
Welfare Services J
Total 34
Domestic salaries for our women on parole have increased and now
include social security benefits. There has been some increase in other lines
of work secured for paroled women, many of whom do not like housework
employment. There has been good casework with many women on parole.
FARM AND PRISON FOR WOMEN 421
accomplished by frequent visits and interviews. The parole department has
participated in community activities, both in professional social work groups
and in related activities.
Our need for a psychiatrist and increased psychological testing con-
tinues. Progressive penology has proved the need and value of these es-
sential services. We also lack a supervisor who would correlate recreational
and educational activities constructively with emphasis on music as therapy.
We repeat our endorsement of a state probation system and the urgent
need for research. The former to prevent all possible commitments with
attendant economy and for the best interests of the individual offender. The
latter should result in better methods of crime prevention and help us to
evaluate our rehabilitation program more accurately.
PRISON ASSOCIATION
THE GREEN CROSS
Established— 1875
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 8832 and 8839
President — Honorable William M. Maltbie
-William D. Barnes, Exec-
Pr/soners-
CONNECTICUT PRISON ASSOCIATION
Administrative head-
utive Secretary
Central office — State office Building, Room 205;
Telephone, 7-6341, Ext. 320
Average number full-time employees — 7
Funds for operations — fiscal year 1950-1951:
Appropriation, $23,267; Other sources (gifts,
etc.), $8,502
Expenditures — fiscal year 1950-1951:
Recurring operating, State funds, $23,266.25.
Other funds (gifts, etc.), $7,550
Organisation structure — Association membership,
open to anyone, which elects officers and Execu-
tive Committee. Executive Committee appoints staff of 7 members :
Executive Secretary and Assistant Treasurer, William D. Barnes
Branch offices — Hartford, New Haven and Bridgeport.
Two duties are assigned this agency by the State. The first duty ap-
pears in Section 8832, General Statutes (1949 Revision) which provides
that the Association shall make "all reasonable efforts to secure employ-
ment for any convict paroled or discharged from the state prison, reforma-
tory and county jails." To do this, the Association employed 4 agents who
assisted 873 discharged prisoners and helped solve outside domestic prob-
lems for 81 inmates. This total includes 614 from the county jails; 75 from
the prison (to each of whom was given a complete outfit of clothing, five
dollars and transportation when needed) and 8 from the reformatory; 162
out-of-state parolees were supervised ; and 14 preventive cases. Material
aid was given to 156 at a total cost of $3,435 and jobs found for 79.
Case histories give a long list of families united, church contacts re-
stored, attitudes changed and satisfactory adjustments made. Records show
that 85% of the discharged men assisted did not commit new offences dur-
ing the two years of supervision. Connecticut, because of service rendered,
422
PRISON ASSOCIATION 423
may justly claim that no released prisoner needed to commit another crime
if he wished to go straight and that many offenders found it possible to live
law-abiding lives.
The second duty assigned by the General Assembly is found in Section
8839 which requires that the Association give general supervision to the
adult probation service of the criminal courts, supplying blank forms,
gathering statistics, and reporting annually to the Governor with recom-
mendations for the improvement of the service. One-half time of the execu-
tive secretary is given to this work, who also arranges in-service training
institutes for officers at the University of Connecticut, and cooperates for
conferences with the Connecticut, National and New England Probation
and Parole Associations. A partial report on the probation statistics for
1950-1951 indicates that there were 77 paid probation officers (64 male —
13 female) serving the 59 inferior courts and 8 (7 and 1) the superior
court, a total of 86 officers, including the supervisor, in probation service.
Seven courts made no appointment. 19 officers are classified as full-time and
67 as part-time. From official returns it appears that these officers were
concerned with 8,775 cases of which 3,398 were unofficial, a daily average
case-load of 2,258.
$519,727 was collected from probationers for dependents, for fines
and restitution. In addition, 53 individuals on probation in other states who
came to Connecticut were transferred to local supervision and were super-
vised by local officers through Judge H. H. Hunt's office, state adminis-
trator of the Interstate Compact on Probation and Parole, while 23 trans-
fers to other states were made. Because of this large number of offenders
involved, usually having their first contact with a Connecticut court, the
Association, for more than a decade, has sponsored a state system of pro-
bation in which officers, appointed after examination, would take the place
of political appointees. House Bill No. 1398 establishing such a system under
a committee of judges representing all criminal courts, won strong support
in both party platforms and by Governor John Lodge but failed of adoption
by the General Assembly.
The concern for county prisoners by members of the Association has
been shown by the activity of Hon. W. Sheffield Cowles of Farmington and
Secretary Barnes as members of the Hartford County Legislators Jail Com-
mission which has obtain expert advice on jail problems, and, through the
intelligent leadership of the sheriff and cooperation of the county com-
missioners, brought progress in making the jail a rehabilitative institution
rather than a place of custody only.
Forthe coming year the Association anticipates vigorous action for
new projects such as a youth ranch for youths on probation and an anti-
narcotic campaign.
UNITED SPANISH WAR VETERANS
Established— 1937
Statutory authority — Sec. 2949, General Statutes
Administrative head — Charles P. Dunlay, De-
partment Adjutant
Central office — State Office Building Annex, Room
14; Telephone, 7-6341, Ext. 329
Average number of full-time employees — 1
United Spanish War Veterans, Department of Connecticut, with head-
quarters in the State Office Building Annex, 11-9 Capitol Ave. is an organ-
ization of men and women who served in the armed forces during one or
all of the periods from April 21, 1898 to July 15, 1903 — Spanish American
War, the Philippine Insurrection, the China Relief Expedition and the
Moro uprising in the Philippine Islands.
We receive an annual grant of $2,500.00 from the State of Connecticut
in the form of an appropriation by the General Assembly. The purpose of
this grant is for the collecting and classifying of historical data, relics and
mementos relating to Connecticut participation, public or private, in the
War with Spain and the maintenance of department headquarters. Other
activities, in addition to routine business, are assisting veterans, their sur-
vivor dependents and claims service paper work with the U. S. Veterans
Administration and the Veterans Home and Hospital Commission, State
of Connecticut. Our veteran group now average seventy-five years of age.
The Department Adjutant, Charles P. Dunlay, P.D.C. under the di-
rection of the Department Commander Frank Orvis of Hartford, is the
executive officer in charge of headquarters. A committee to assist the de-
partment commander in all phases of the expenditures pertaining to the
424
UNITED SPANISH WAR VETERANS 425
grant consists of the following: Senior vice department commander Frank
Wollschlager of Meridcn, chairman ; Past Commander in Chief Henry H.
Hunt of West Hartford and the following past department commanders —
Charles P. Dunlay, West Hartford ; Reinhold Persson of Stratford and
Thomas H. Holland of Hartford.
Total recurring operating expenditures for the fiscal vear ending in
1951 was $2,500.00.
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT
Established — 1881
Statutory authority — Chapter 146, Section 3271
through 3305
^ Administrative head — Albert N. Jorgensen,
President
Central Office — Storrs ; Telephone 9321
Average number of full-time employees — 1,467
State and Federal Appr. 1216
Self Support Activities Fund 251
1' aluation of plant— $22,388,099.64
(About half of the plant investment has been
financed out of student fees and income from
the buildings constructed)
Average number of students — 9,100
MEMBERS AND OFFICERS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Governor John Davis Lodge
James W. Hook
J. Ray Ryan
Merlin D. Bishop
C. Raymond Brock
John Christensen
Finis E. Engleman
Mary L. Mahoney
Lillian Poses
Sister M. Rosa
Lester E. Shippee
Leon C. Staples
Edward A. Suisman
George L. Warncke
Elmer S. Watson
President
Vice President and Chairman
Secretary
Hartford
New Haven
Simsbury
Avon
Northford
Wilson
Yalesville
Hartford
Westport
Waterbury
Hartford
Stamford
West Hartford
Cannondale
Wethersfield
The demand from veterans throughout the land for education reached
its peak in September 1947. However, the full impact of the demand for
the education of veterans enrolled at the University of Connecticut was
not felt until September 1949 when the students who had completed their
freshman and sophomore courses at the branches had to be transferred to
426
UNIVERSITY OF CONNFXTICUT 427
Storrs. The transfer of students from the branches to the main campus
presented major problems for the housing of students and the enlarged
educational program to serve the students. These problems were frequently
and thoroughly presented to the General Assembly, to Legislative leaders
and State officials in printed reports and correspondence beginning as early
as 1943. When the General Assembly authorized the expansion of Univer-
sity facilities and offerings to meet the demand of returning G.I.s, the prob-
lems of expansion were understood and appreciated. The physical plant
has undergone considerable expansion, some of it during the last year.
It is hoped that buildings now under construction will soon be completed
and ready for full use.
The 1950-51 academic year was the beginning of the period for which
we had been waiting. With most of the new building program under way and
the approach of a leveling off in veteran enrollment to be replaced by a
comparable increase in enrollment of normal high school graduates, all
turned with eagerness to education tasks long deferred. If there was one
outstanding development of the year, it was the unanimity with which the
faculty began to face up to the need for increasing the qualitative develop-
ment of the University in all of its teaching, research, and service areas.
The result has been better services to the students on the campus and to
the thousands off the campus served in one way or another by the University
of Connecticut.
It should be noted that great improvement in staff and faculty morale
has resulted from the removal of some of the physical handicaps under
which teaching and research have moved forward on this campus for a
number of years. For any competent observer, there is much evidence
that investments in bricks, concrete, microscopes, and books pay tremend-
ous dividends in better teaching and better research.
Thus it can be reported that 1950-51 has indeed been another year
of progress and that this past year is significant in that most of the pro-
gress has been in matters educational rather than in matters of plant
construction or expansion. Not all of the advances can be listed in this
report but some of them will be cited to indicate how general was the
improvement in the educational program of the University.
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Perhaps the most significant development has been in the area of
graduate study. The Graduate School enrollment during 1950-51 num-
bered about 1,200. In June 1951, 172 master's degrees were awarded and
5 doctoral degrees were awarded. The summer session of 1951 for the
first time enrolled more graduate students than undergraduate students.
The number enrolled this past summer in graduate study was 700, and in
undergraduate courses 650.
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
Continuing high enrollments in the College of Agriculture and in the
School of Agriculture give evidences of an expanding interest in Connecti-
cut's basic industry as a promising professional and vocational field. Com-
pletion of the center section of the College of Agriculture building, the
428 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT
main section of the Ratcliffe Hicks School of Agriculture building, the
animal pathology laboratory building, and most of the Greenhouse range,
opened great new opportunities for research — particularly in horticulture,
genetics, pathology, marketing, and field crops.
ADMISSIONS AND ENROLLMENTS
Total applicants for admission in September 1950, numbered ap-
proximately 5,000. Of this number about 5% were veterans.
The number of applicants for admission to the University for Septem-
ber 1951, is expected to remain approximately constant until about 1958
when the number of applicants will increase about 50%.
During the past year, more than eleven thousand different individuals
were enrolled in courses of collegiate grade given by the University. This
enrollment figure includes enrollments in University branches, off campus
schools and colleges, extension centers and summer session. The distribu-
tion of students by sex and resident students is as follow :
STUDENTS OF COLLEGIATE GRADE, REGULAR AND
SUMMER SESSION — 1950-51
Resident Students Men Women Total
Undergraduates, graduates,
and Unclassified 6832 1779 8611
In Summer Session* 848 409 1257
Non-Resident Students in
Extension Classes 1365 1081 2446
Total Different Individuals 8367 2993 11360
*These enrollment figures do not, of course, include registrants attending institutes
and conferences scheduled at the University, nor do they include those served by
the Agricultural Extension Service.
The following tables show the enrollment figures by campus and branch,
by class standing, by school or college and by sex :
UNDERGRADUATE ENROLLMENT AT STORRS
AND- BRANCHES — 1950-51
Fall— 1950
School of Agriculture 121
College of Agriculture 394
Arts & Sciences 2859
Business Administration 1381
Education 123
Engineering 801
Home Economics 254
Nursing 224
Physical Education 135
Pharmacy 257*
Unclassified 168
Total 6717
*179 attended at New Haven
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 429
ENROLLMENT AT STORRS AND BRANCHES BY
CLASS STANDING— 1950-51
UNDERGRADUATES Fall— 1950
Freshmen 2042
Sophomores 1746
Juniors 1436
Seniors 1325
Unclassified 168
Sub-Total 6717
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Unclassified 167
Regular 305
Total 7189
ENROLLMENT AT STORRS, BRANCHES, AND
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS — 1950-51
CAMPUS OR SCHOOL
Fall— 195i
•
Storrs
6085
Hartford
555
Waterbury
Sub -Total
370
7010
Pharmacy
257*
Law
287
Insurance
309
Social
79
Extension : (Adv. & Grad.)
935
Extension : (Non-Credit)
Total
273
9150
*78 at Storrs.
ENROLLMENT BY SEX AT STORRS, BRANCHES AND
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS — 1950-51
Fall-1950
'
Men
Women
Storrs
4507
1578
Hartford
439
116
Waterbury
285
85
Pharmacy
220
37
Law
270
17
Insurance
285
24
Social Work
38
41
EXTENSION:
Adv. & Grad.
443
492
Non-Credit
174
6661
99
Sub-Total
2489
Total
9150
About fourteen thousand young men and women graduated from
Connecticut high schools last June. At least half of this group may be
considered college material for a minimum of two years of instruction
beyond high school and about thirty per cent may be considered capable
430 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT
of doing four years of college work with profit. It is estimated that ap-
proximately 20,000 young people will be graduated from Connecticut high
schools annually by 1960.
The situation is further complicated by the fact that many states face
essentially the same problem of higher education as does Connecticut. Only
three other states send a higher proportion of their college material outside
of the state for an education. During 1949-1950, 15,779 Connecticut youth
registered in colleges outside of the state. This represents about 42% of
Connecticut youth attending college.
It is now perfectly clear that the growth of population in Connecticut
and the growing percentage of young people qualified for and wanting a
college education will make it wholly unlikely that the enrollment at the
University will ever be less than the number now enrolled both off and
on the main campus and in both permanent and temporary facilities. Hence
it is imperative that we complete as soon as possible the process of replacing
temporary facilities now in use both on the main campus and in off-campus
centers with permanent facilities.
AGRICULTURE
Connecticut is a small state. However, it has 22,291 farms within its
borders, and many families depend on these farms for their incomes. The
Agricultural Extension staff prepares its plans to help the farmer increase
his income by using the resources which he has for the job.
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
The Experiment Station, as a part of the "service program", conducts
tens of thousands of tests on dairy cattle, poultry, turkeys, and soils.
For example, the following tests were made by the Department of
Animal Diseases for the year from January 1, 1950, to December 31, 1950:
Brucellosis
42,109
Vibriosis
11,773
Mastitis
146,895
Diagnostic — Mammals
382
—Birds
8,563
Pullorum
635,085
Virus — Newcastle
3,550
— Bronchitis
3,379
Vaccine Doses — Bronchitis
2,335,875 (animals)
Soils — by the Agronomy Department 7,897
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE
The Agricultural Extension Service held numerous meetings and con-
ferences throughout the entire year. Approximately 250,000 Connecticut
citizens were reached through this important service.
During the year, nearly two-thirds of the farmers in the state received
some assistance from the Extension Service — about 3,000 of them received
help for the first time.
Youth organizations, 4-H Clubs and this year for the fourth time, a
State Rural Youth Federation, helped to develop democratic principles —
teaching youth the value of sharing responsibilities, and of cooperation
and service.
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 431
Approximately 6,000 boys and girls are enrolled in 363 organized 4-H
Clubs. About 1,000 older youths are enrolled in eighteen older youth clubs.
More than 1,700 men, women, boys and girls served as local leaders and
committee workers.
OTHER RESEARCH AND SERVICE PROGRAMS
During the college year 1950-51, twenty-eight members of the profes-
sional staff were engaged in consulting work with thirty-one industrial,
manufacturing, business and insurance organizations within the state and
region.
DIVISION OF UNIVERSITY EXTENSION
During the school year 1950-51, the University Extension Division
organized extension courses for advanced and graduate students in the
following centers within the state: Winsted, Simsbury, Bristol, Wolcott,
Waterbury, Hartford, Windsor, South Windsor, Manchester, Glastonbury,
Rocky Hill, Berlin, Middletown, Old Saybrook, Thompson, Plainfield, Nor-
wich, New London and Stonington.
Advanced and graduate courses in the fall semester enrolled 1,076
and in the spring semester 1,002.
During the Summer Session of 1951, the following institutes and con-
ferences (numbering 103) were scheduled to meet the request of adults
and professional groups in the state :
PERMANENT FACILITIES NEEDED TO
REPLACE TEMPORARY FACILITIES
Emergencies as far as student and faculty housing is concerned are
now about over. The 1951 session of the General Assembly authorized the
construction of permanent faculty housing to replace hazardous temporary
housing for faculty. While the buildings have not yet been constructed,
the authority has been granted. It is not expected that the University will
request any additional housing for faculty.
The emergency with reference to student housing is now about over,
so far as the Storrs campus is concerned. In the 1951 session of the General
Assembly, the University was authorized to remove hazardous temporary
housing occupied by 1,300 students. The authority granted provides for
650 beds in fireproof buildings.
The emergency housing on the Storrs campus, which should be re-
moved, was provided in 1946 by the F.P.H.A. Destruction of the emergency
temporary housing cannot be an occasion for regret. The buildings are
extremely temporary in nature requiring continuous costly repairs and
alterations. Already the cost of maintaining the buildings has begun seriously
to offset any advantages that this arrangement has provided.
TEMPORARY CLASSROOM AND LABORATORY FACILITIES
NOW IN USE ON THE STORRS CAMPUS
Temporary classroom buildings on the Storrs Campus now total
121,960 square feet of floor space. Temporary buildings on the campus
devoted to laboratories at present total 32,690 square feet. All these tempo-
432 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT
rary facilities originally provided, under contract, by the Federal Works
Agency must be replaced. New classroom buildings can be built for approxi-
mately $15.00 per square foot. The laboratories will cost approximately
$5.00 more per square foot, or about $20.00 per square foot. Using these
figures, the new classrooms would cost $1,829,400 and the laboratories
$653,800. Some space economies, however, can be effected by better design
of interiors and coordination and concentration of facilities in the new
buildings. By constructing two buildings, one to be called a Science Build-
ing and the other a Social Science and Humanities Building, each at a
cost of approximately $1,200,000, the need could be met and the twelve
temporary classrooms and laboratories that now serve inadequately could
be abandoned.
BUILDING PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE UNIVERSITY
The University is financing the major part of the cost of new con-
struction from earnings and student charges. All dormitories, dining halls,
faculty housing, and the auditorium, union building, gymnasium, athletic
fields and tennis courts have been and will be constructed by the University
by means of self-liquidating bonds.
The University should not be required to finance the construction of
buildings other than buildings to house "auxiliary activities." Many students
attending the University are from the low income families of Connecticut.
The students should not be expected to assume the state's responsibility
for financing either the educational program or new educational buildings.
There has been an alarming degree of interest in raising fees to be
charged students attending the State University. Fees are determined by
the Board of Trustees and are intended to cover non-educational costs
classified as auxiliary activities. The fees at the University are now among
the highest of all state colleges and state universities. Any further increase
in fees beyond the actual amount required to finance auxiliary activities
would be contrary to the intent and the spirit of land-grant college educa-
tion. Any further increase in fees will endanger a basic tenet of our Ameri-
can democracy, that is, no class distinction.
SCHOLARSHIP AND FINANCIAL AID PROGRAM FOR NEEDY
STUDENTS
The scholarship and financial aid program at the University is not
adequate to provide assistance to eager, qualified students who are without
the necessary funds to attain or to complete a college education. During the
college year 1950-51, the University provided scholarship funds in the
amount of $34,182.50. The principal of all existing loan funds amounts
to less than $20,000. It is recommended that the state provide a fund for
financial aid awards equal to seven per cent of the student enrollment ;
that is, 420 awards of $150.00 each and that these awards be made avail-
able by September, 1952. This would require a total of $63,000 per year.
In addition, it is also recommended that scholarship awards equal to three
per cent of the total undergraduate student enrollment be made available,
such scholarships to provide $400 per year at a total cost of $72,000 per
year. The total of financial aids and scholarships thus recommended would
require $135,000 per year and would open the way for young people of
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 433
highest abilities to receive training that might otherwise be denied them.
Efforts should also be made to secure funds from private sources to
augment the University's financial aid and scholarship award program.
PUBLIC ATTITUDE TOWARD COST OF PROVIDING
HIGHER EDUCATION
Strangely enough, the public views with alarm any increase in the cost
of providing higher education for the youth of the state, while responding
favorably to requests for providing adequate facilities for the care of the
ill, aged, feebleminded and insane. It would seem that the $4,000,000
needed to complete buildings already authorized for the University and
to replace temporary classrooms and laboratory facilities to take care of
the existing enrollment is modest by comparison. It should also be realized
that the education of qualified youth is the only way to preserve and
strengthen the future of the State's economy, the democratic way of life,
and this nation's place among the nations of the world.
QUALITATIVE EMPHASIS IN UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT
The University of Connecticut has reached the stage in its development
when a larger proportion of its energies can and should be diverted into
productive scholarship and research. That such research is a good invest-
ment for the state is readily demonstrated by the work of the Storrs
Agricultural Experiment Station. Unquestionably research will, hereafter,
be one of the concerns of all major universities. The University of Con-
necticut must be prepared to take part in such activities not only for their
value to the region in which we are located but as one of the most important
steps toward deepening the intellectual life of the University.
The University must plan, first of all, for the maintenance and im-
provement of a faculty which can carry on work of distinction. This is a
commonplace of university administration, but it must always be the first
concern of a good University. A university will never be any better than
the training, character and industry of its faculty.
To maintain a faculty which will permit the University to make
the progress it should, administrative vigilance and the financial support
necessary to meet a highly competitive situation will be required.
Provision must be made at a very early date to enable the University
administration to create several "key professorships," each one to be held
by a recognized authority in a "field of study." Such men would, because
of their recognized scholarly attainment, attract outstanding young people
to them and to the University to fill teaching and research positions.
To achieve such an organization of the professional staff, provision
must be made to develop adequate library and laboratory facilities. These
facilities are not adequate at present. Furthermore, the University must
be able to pay salaries which are sufficiently high to attract persons of
recognized professional achievement to these "key professorships."
The second concern of a progressive university is to see that a com-
petent staff is given the time and the tools for doing the best work. An
overloaded faculty is not a creative faculty. It must have the books and
the apparatus it needs in its libraries and laboratories.
During the last few years, a substantial number of research projects
434 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT
have been initiated and financed by agencies of the Federal government
and by private agencies. Several highly secret Navy research projects are
still in progress. The American Cancer Society has underwritten a con-
tinuation of research in the field of genetics. Private industrial and com-
mercial organizations are financing about thirty projects.
Increased activity of this type has paralleled the significant growth of
the graduate program of the University. Approximately 120 graduate assist-
antships and fellowships have been provided. The total graduate enrollment
now numbers about 1,200 students.
The expansion of library facilities and laboratory equipment is a
necessary parallel to the development of research and the graduate activities
of the University.
A study of the sixty-nine land-grant colleges and universities of this
country which was recently completed points up the necessity for adequate
financial support to insure the qualitative development of the University
of Connecticut. Everyone familiar with the University recognizes that
tremendous strides have been made in developing a top flight State
University. However, it has not been possible to keep pace with the rapid
growth of the University in matters of primary importance such as library
and laboratory developments. The reduction in University funds voted by
the 1951 General Assembly places the University of Connecticut in a fairly
low relative position on a number of important phases of higher education.
The study shows that among fifty-two* land-grant institutions, the Uni-
versity of Connecticut ranks 20th in total student enrollment but 33rd in
total teaching staff. The University ranks 34th in total educational expendi-
tures but only 29th in income derived from State sources. The University
ranks 43rd in funds available for organized research and 40th in funds
provided for library accessions.
HIGHER EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES URGED FOR
CONNECTICUT YOUTH
Strong pressure is, at the moment, being exerted by students, high
school graduates, educational associations and others for the expansion of
higher educational opportunities for Connecticut youth through the fol-
lowing :
(1) School of Veterinary Medicine
(2) School of Dentistry
(3) School of Medicine
The first has already been endorsed by the Board of Trustees, the
Legislative Council of the General Assembly, the Grange, the Farm Bureau
Federation, and the State Veterinary Association. Many of the facilities
for such a program are already available at the University.
Strong pre-dental and pre-medical education is already available at
the University. The decision to provide medical and dental educational
opportunities for Connecticut youth rests with the General Assembly, ex-
* Negro land-grant institutions were not included for purposes of comparison.
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 435
pressing the will of the people of the State. The Board of Trustees urges,
however, that these additions to the University program be delayed until
the present building program of the University is nearer completion and
the needs of the existing departments have been met adequately. It is
further suggested that when these new services are provided they be
authorized in the order as shown above.
The question of how adequately the State of Connecticut will meet
the needs as indicated above is one for the General Assembly to decide.
The problem is inherent in the nature of events and has in no sense been
created by the University itself.
ADULT EDUCATION
It should be generally recognized that future educational programs
cannot be confined to youth. The needs of adults have been appreciated
and hundreds of agencies in recent years have been established to deal
with adult education. However, with all that is being done, there seems
to be little agreement on programs to be followed and far too little integra-
tion of effort. Some of the things being done in the field of adult education
are inconsequential ; others are of far reaching import.
Frequently persons in the different areas of leadership state that it is
impossible for them to keep themselves informed about the recent develop-
ments and contributions in their fields and that they are anxious, in the
first place, to see established an agency which would disseminate the most
recent knowledge available in their field of service ; in the second place,
they feel such an agency would stimulate professional interest and growth
on the part of professional leaders ; and, in the third place, they believe
it would give to the people of the state a higher quality of professional
service than could otherwise be expected.
The part a State University should play in adult education is an
important one. A few institutions of higher learning feel they are doing all
they can or should when they send members of their staff into the com-
munities of the state to deliver isolated lectures, mail book lists to alumni,
and mail publications to selected citizens of the state.
A State University should be a center of stimulation within the state
for the continuing education of adults who are exercising leadership or are
in a position to exercise it. A few random lectures or publications are
not enough. History, as well as observation of current life shows that
influence radiates from centers of stimulation and the more dynamic these
centers of stimulation are, the more powerful the flow of influence. There-
fore, the work a State University does for the education of adults should
be done in large part at the institution itself. Potentially, such an institution
is the most powerful agency we possess for promoting adult education
on the higher levels.
Representatives of the several professional and adult groups could
come once a year for a short course of ten days or more to learn and discuss
developments and contributions in their respective fields. New buildings
soon to be ready for use at the University of Connecticut will be available
for such purposes, Obviously the staff members employed in the several
436 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT
professional fields should likewise be available for these adult education
programs. The University of Connecticut now does that for farm and
rural leaders. The program for this group should be expanded and strength-
ened. Similar plans are being developed for engineers, municipal officers,
institutional employees, recreational and health leaders, school administra-
tors and others.
RADIO AND T-V IN EDUCATION
A progressive forward looking state and its state university must not
overlook the importance of radio and television in planning a comprehensive
program of adult education. It should be realized that the continued educa-
tion of adults is a sure way to preserve and strengthen the future economy,
the democratic way of life and this nation's place among the nations of the
world.
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
ggqag— Bgw n'i in
Established— 1938
Statutory authority — Section 1332, 1949 revision
Administrative head— Finis E. Engleman, Com-
missioner of Education
Deputy administrator — William H. Flaherty,
Deputy Commissioner of Education
Central office — State Office Building, Hartford,
Conn. ; Telephone 7-6341 ; Ext. 593
Average number of full-time employees — 1,200
Funds for operations — fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Appropriation, $26,117,007.08; Federal Funds,
$1,672,478.55; Other Sources (gifts, etc.),
$806,681.74.
Expenditures — fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring Operating: State Funds, $17,804,-
515.79; Federal Funds, $1,260,438.58; Other
Funds (gifts, etc.), $594,691.15; Capital Out-
lay, $1,295,185.73.
Valuation (cost) of Plant— $3,149,196.00
Organization structure — Division of Educational Services ; Bureaus — Re-
search and Planning, School and Community Services, Youth Services,
Vocational Education Federal-State-Local Relations. Division of Ad-
ministration : Personnel, Finance, Purchasing, Budgeting. Division of
State Administered Schools, Colleges and Services: Bureaus — Rehabili-
tation, Lihraries, Rural Supervisory Service, Higher Education and
Teacher Certification ; Teachers Colleges, Vocational-Technical Schools.
THE WORLD SITUATION AND OUR CHANGING
CONCEPTS OF EDUCATION
The 1951 world is an interdependent and interrelated world, where
modern industrial life and mechanized agrarian pursuits have made men in
large measure dependent upon each other. Therefore, the welfare and pro-
ductivity of all men everywhere is the concern of each man, anywhere.
The conditions immediately facing us are not reassuring ; even if a new
world war is avoided, a long period of armed truce seems inevitable. In such
a period education becomes not only a vital area of national defense, but an
essential factor in the continuance of our way of life. During World War II
437
438 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
the long-term survival interests of the nation were, to an unnecessary degree,
sacrificed to immediate war needs. The education of children and youth was
seriously impaired by overcrowding, teacher shortages, and lack of books,
supplies, and equipment. The present danger is that the schools, not yet
brought up to a defensible standard, are about to have similar and even
greater limitations imposed upon them.
Children and youth require physical and emotional safeguards. Already
there are many evidences of stress and strain on children and youth. Juvenile
delinquency, hoodlum gangs, the use of narcotics by teenagers underscore
the need for constructive out-of-school as well as in-school programs. Cer-
tain aspects of character and personality development — initiative, independ-
ence, responsibility, leadership, cooperation — are particularly needed in
times of emergency. The schools can contribute to good mental health and
the development of ethical values. These new educational needs call for a
concept of public education as a continuing experience from early childhood
through adulthood.
HELPING PUPILS MEET NEWER RESPONSIBILITIES
To understand how the schools today are helping pupils to meet the
new responsibilities, one must be able to understand what constitutes the
fundamentals in education today. Schools are changing because times and
insights are changing. No longer do children have the same opportunities
for the actual experiences which helped the children of former generations
learn about the world in which they lived. In earlier days the business of
making a living was simple enough for children to comprehend. There was
opportunity for personal growth and social development in many first-hand
experiences on the farm, in the saw mills, in the general stores, in the black-
smith shops. Children had an opportunity to see the entire economic and
social process. Today the specialization and division of labor in the big cities,
the worldwide scope of politics, the impersonal aspects of large industrial
plants make it difficult for individuals to see but a segment of the entire
process. The program of the schools is designed to meet this change. Voca-
tional education, for example, is intended not only to produce skilled work-
ers but also to produce good citizens who have some understanding of the
world conditions.
The pupil in the modern school is learning how to meet his newer re-
sponsibilities. He is growing in intellectual power through language discus-
sions, through understanding the ideas of others in reading and in listening,
and through observing his environment. A class learns valuable lessons in
social living by entertaining another class. Sports and games, socials and
dances build vital recreational interests. Creative activities result not only in
a greater facility of hand and mind, but also in increased appreciations.
Study trips give pupils the opportunity to observe with understanding some
of the complicated processes of modern living. Group activities provide op-
portunities for necessary learnings in the American way of life. By contribut-
ing, participating, supporting, objecting, leading, voting, formulating policy,
selecting leaders, the student of today grows in his ability to live with others
— an essential skill in the world today.
The future welfare of our nation depends upon citizens whose moral
and spiritual values are sound and whose concern is for the people as a
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 439
whole, as well as for the welfare of the individual. During the past year,
direct observation in grade after grade showed that the same concern for
teaching fundamental values still prevails. On the playing fields, in the corri-
dors, and in the school rooms teachers seek to include along with the teach-
ing of appreciations, understandings, and skills those lessons and experiences
which will help to develop women and men of high moral character. As a
part of moral and spiritual training, stress is placed on good citizenship. A
conscious effort is made to encourage children to assume responsibility, to
show initiative, to develop leadership, and to participate in group activities.
Most schools in Connecticut today have as an objective the developing of
a wider understanding of the people of the world and of the problems in-
volved in bringing about cooperation among the nations. The starting point
in achieving this objective is often the understanding of the children of other
nations.
Today's educators are aware of the dynamic force inherent in the crea-
tive arts program. No longer is fine arts considered in adjunct to the curricu-
lum, with art and music considered the extra subjects once or twice a week.
The fine arts are regarded, not as separate subjects to be drilled upon, but
as important parts of a greater unified whole.
A survey of teaching in Connecticut schools with respect to the three
R's shows that they occupy a prominent place in the curriculum today and
are actually being taught more effectively to more people than they were in
the past. Evidence that Connecticut schools teach the three R's is abundant.
It might be said that they dominate the program in the lower grades and
always have. They are receiving increasing emphasis in the upper grades.
There is no verifiable evidence that reading, for example, was better
taught in the past and there is much to indicate that it is better taught
today. Much time is spent upon the development of reading readiness, the
use of experience charts, the encouragement of permanent interests in read-
ing, the promotion of comprehension, and the building of desirable skills.
This is in full recognition of the fact that all children are different and that
the same general prescription cannot be used for each one. Studies made in
connection with the work of the Governor's Fact-Finding Commission on
Education indicated that on the basis of results in standardized tests the
majority of schools in Connecticut are equaling or surpassing national aver-
ages.
It is sometimes said that the children in school today do not spell as
well as did their parents. In most cases, such an assertion stems from an
isolated instance of someone's experience with a pupil or recent graduate
who could not spell certain words correctly. The erroneous conclusion is
that the schools are neglecting this skill. Actually the schools today not only
work with selected spelling words as presented in recognized textbooks, but
teachers make a great effort to see that children learn to spell the words
which they use in their daily writing.
The modern school places a great deal of emphasis upon effective oral
and written expression. With the spread of newer means of communication,
added importance has been given to oral expression. The effort has been
made to make written expression more lifelike through the use of the child-
ren's letters, reports, summaries, stories, poems, and plays. Recognition
440 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
has been given to the values to be found in creative experiences related to
the interests of the children.
Arithmetic is another of the three R's which is being stressed in Con-
necticut schools. The emphasis has broadened, however, as teachers have
come to realize that thinking and understanding of the mathematical mean-
ing of numbers and processes must take procedence over the mechanical
manipulation of numbers. The successful use of modern methods, which
adapt the methods of teaching mathematics to the conditions of present-day
living, is demonstrated by the fact that out of 8,254 sixth grade pupils tested
as part of the study of arithmetic skills by the Governor's Fact-Finding Com-
mission on Education, 51.6 percent surpassed the national norm.
Connecticut was one of the earliest states to recognize the importance
of vocational-technical training in the education of youth. The program of
vocational-technical education sponsored by the State Board of Education
in twelve state vocational schools is of major assistance to many young men
and women. The most recent changes are intended to stress the social and
moral responsibilities of those who enter the skilled trades and technical
occupations. If the hard won values in our way of life are to be preserved,
it is essential that workers be conscious of their special responsibility for
helping to preserve the American way of life. The vocational program recog-
nizes that all youth need instruction in human relations, civic obligations,
consumer education, work experience, physical and emotional health, and
international affairs, as well as preparation for making a living. The benefits
of vocational education are made more widely available to the youth of
Connecticut through the coordination of the regular local secondary schools
and the state vocational-technical schools. A variety of cooperative arrange-
ments have long been in existence between the public secondary schools and
the vocational technical schools.
Although Connecticut is a highly industrialized state, farming is an
important part of the state's economy. Vocational agriculture classes in
twenty centers in the state serve a vital purpose in fostering an interest of
youth in farm life, in preparing them for their life's work on the farm, and
in providing for the supply of trained people necessary in carrying on our
farm enterprises.
HELPING TEACHERS MEET NEWER RESPONSIBILITIES
Modern education practices and present-day conditions have made
increasingly heavy demands upon the teacher and have created new re-
sponsibilities for him. The primary responsibility for coping with the new
demands rests, of course, with the individual teacher. It has been reassuring
to note that the great majority of teachers are accepting the challenge. Evi-
dence of this fact is found in the interest of employed teachers in profes-
sional growth activities. They include such things as workshops, profes-
sional reading, extension courses, travel, conferences, and a variety of com-
munity activities. The organized teaching profession in Connecticut has done
excellent work in promoting in-service education and in advancing profes-
sional standards. Through publications and committee work professional
groups have initiated and fostered many projects.
Teacher preparation is one of the major responsibilities of the State
Board of Education. It operates four teachers colleges. The pre-service pro-
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 441
gram is directed to the education of teachers who believe in democratic
living and who can assist others in developing the insights, skills, and loyal-
ties requisite to the performance of that which we believe. The colleges are
conducting programs designed to emphasize the fundamentals of modern
daily living as preparation for classroom teaching. There is a continuing
program of in-service education being provided in Connecticut for teachers
presently employed in the schools.
Arranged sometimes in cooperation with administrators and teachers,
the teachers colleges offer courses and programs for the upgrading of teach-
ers, provide "workshops" in which groups of teachers tackle their own pro-
fessional school and community problems, sponsor or co-sponsor profes-
sional conference for teachers, and offer special services in such areas as
curriculum construction and psychological testing.
Especially significant in recent developments in training teachers is the
work of the state teachers colleges in including representatives of the public
and the education profession in studies designed to determine how teacher-
training programs can be made most effective. The most extensive project
has been that carried on by the Danbury State Teachers College where some
two and one-half years ago the students, faculty, alumni, superintendents,
and members of the parent-teachers association embarked upon an evalua-
tion of the elementary education curriculum. After several months of study-
ing various curriculum patterns, an appropriate one finally evolved in March
1951.
The Teachers College of Connecticut at New Britain has been engaged
in a three-year evaluation of the curriculum by students and faculty. An
advisory council was organized to assist from the viewpoint of the consumer
and the participant.
The Willimantic State Teachers College is concentrating its efforts in
this area on enlisting the cooperation of teachers and laymen in determining
the structure and organization of a child study center.
During the past four years the faculty of the New Haven State Teachers
College has been studying the curriculum to determine desirable revisions of
its elective offerings so that students, under guidance, can have more oppor-
tunity to recognize their special talents. The study has resulted in a pro-
gram with six semester hours of electives each year, and has been coordi-
nated with the study of the curriculum for the cooperative master's degree
program. This has culminated in a program, generally a year and a half in
length, which permits college graduates desiring the M.A. and teacher certi-
fication to secure both simultaneously.
HELPING PRINCIPALS MEET NEWER RESPONSIBILITIES
The duties of the principal have been changing in recent years. Edu-
cational leadership in the school and community has come to the fore and
administrative detail and school management are less prominent. Recogniz-
ing the need for increased understanding of educational issues and greater
knowledge of contemporary problems, the principals, through their pro-
fessional organization, are constantly engaged in research projects which are
pertinent to their problems. Through professional group activities, through
442 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
research, through study and discussions, through consultant service, and
through graduate study the principals are continuing to improve their effec-
tiveness.
Principals individually have sought the assistance of the State Depart-
ment of Education in their desire to keep abreast of current education issues.
Consultants have worked with them in organizing programs of evaluation.
They have helped in planning for particular classes and for individuals who
need their special services. In addition, consultants have suggested places
and plans for profitable visitation, and have provided information on current
trends, better practices, and pertinent statistics.
Health and physical education consultants worked with two high schools
in an evaluation of physical education, health services and health instruction.
Specific health courses were planned in the high schools of one city. In a
selected group of high schools which were evaluated in 1946-47 a follow-up
study was conducted to note the effect of the evaluation in improved pro-
grams and expanded facilities.
The consultant in elementary education serves as adviser to the execu-
tive committee of the Elementary School Principals Association of Con-
necticut. Consultants have also served on the planning committee, partici-
pated in the two-day annual conference, and in the many teachers' convention
day activities. They have encouraged association studies such as the current
one on "The Status and Work of the Elementary Principal in Connecticut."
HELPING SUPERVISORS MEET NEWER
RESPONSIBILITIES
It is Connecticut's good fortune to have a corps of excellent supervisors
who can successfully assume the leadership role in the state's changing edu-
cational program. Supervisors who accept their professional responsibilities
and are aware of the need to keep abreast of changing conditions in order
that contemporary problems may be given the emphasis they merit in the
total program of education. Through constant study and observation, not
only of current affairs but also of current educational research, the super-
visor works to effect needed change in the program of instruction. In addi-
tion to the direct work with pupils and teachers, activities are many and
varied : participation in community affairs and professional organizations,
talks to parent-teacher and league of women voters groups, class study trips,
home calls, contacts with community agencies.
In meeting these varied responsibilities the supervisor frequently has
occasion to call upon many persons in the Department of Education.
Consultants have cooperated with the Music Educators Association, the
Nursery Education Association, the Art Association, the Health, Physi-
cal Education and Recreation Association, and the Elementary Supervisors
Association. They have assisted in the evaluation of facilities and programs,
have aided in the program planning, have furnished information, lantern
slides, statistics and the like for special projects, have supplied annotated
bibliographies and have attended many professional meetings. Supervisors
and assistant superintendents who have the responsibility for the programs
for physically handicapped children are increasingly requesting consultant
services to aid them in establishing integrated special service programs. Re-
ports from various elementary supervisors indicate that services supplies by
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 443
staff members of the state teachers colleges have been a very effective means
of aiding supervisors in carrying on local in-service education programs.
During the past year 2,809 children received the special consideration which
their physical needs demanded.
The elementary supervisor plays a particularly important role in the
rural supervisory areas where many of the small towns do not have the re-
sources found in larger communities. The supervisor is frequently called
upon to supply the needed resources. In such situations the State Depart-
ment of Education and other state agencies are usually able to help.
HELPING SUPERINDENTS MEET NEWER
RESPONSIBILITIES
The State Board of Education has always had a keen interest in the
status of the local superintendent of schools and in his services to the com-
munity. A number of problems have converged to increase greatly the re-
sponsibilities of the superintendent of schools today and to change the status
of his position as educational leader. A decreasing supply of teachers for the
schools has made it difficult to secure an adequate staff. The efforts of
teachers to improve salary conditions through the use of collective methods
have oftentimes created troubled relations between the staff and the adminis-
tration. In a period of mounting prices and rising school costs, the superin-
tendent is confronted at the same time with the task of leading the way in
finding sufficient accommodations for increasing numbers of children who
are ready to enter school. If he succeeds in influencing the board of educa-
tion and the citizens of the community to vote for new school buildings, he
then has to demonstrate that he has all the qualities of an expert in school
construction. Whether the children are housed in the latest types of school
buildings or continue in structures of the vintage of the early 1900's, the
superintendent is expected to furnish the inspiration and the drive so that
all these children share in the benefits of a truly modern and effective pro-
gram of education. At the same time that all of these elements were creating
new burdens within the school framework itself, a growing interest and
concern on the part of the parents and the public at large begin to be ex-
pressed in terms of school study groups, local citizens councils, and a general
demand for improved public relations on the part of the schools. All of these
factors tend to make the schools more vital in the community and exemplify
democratic education, but at the same time they have tremendously in-
creased the duties and responsibilities of the superintendent of schools.
It is obvious that the challenges in education today call for strong
leadership, and the superintendent of schools is the key person in supplying
this leadership at the local level. The kind of person needed for this position
is a person whose abilities and experiences are broad enough to make him
a "superintendent of education", who can utilize not only the schools but
all the forces of the community to provide effective education for children,
youth, and adults. The State Department of Education has sought in a
variety of ways to assist the superintendent of schools in Connecticut to
meet the new responsibilities which face them and has worked to promote
strong leadership in administration of the Connecticut schools.
444 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
The situation has not, of course, been limited to Connecticut ; it is
nation-wide in its extent. Before considering the specific activities of the
department in this field within the state, it is desirable to note that the de-
partment has cooperated in the national movement to improve the status of
the superintendent and to assist superintendents in dealing with their prob-
lems. This national movement, known as the Cooperative Program in Edu-
cational Administration, aims to improve the professional preparation of
superintendents of schools and to operate special pre-service and on-the-job
training programs in school administration. The Commissioner of Educa-
tion is a member of the committee directing the project and several members
of the department have participated in a number of the planning meetings
and actual work conferences.
In promoting strong leadership in educational administration in Con-
necticut, the State Department of Education has found cooperation with the
Connecticut Association of Public School Superintendents to be one of the
most effective means. The association has carried on an active program in
recent years. The department has provided consultant service to the officers
and committees of the association in connection with a number of educa-
tional and professional problems. Assistance was given to the Committee
on Administrative Units in preparing a report on principals of administra-
tive organization and a supplement outlining the administrative services and
assistance required by communities of various sizes.
A department consultant worked with the Committee on the Status of
the Superintendent in planning a project designed to develop an in-service
training program involving all superintendents. This program has a three-
fold purpose : ( 1 ) improve and extend the services of the superintendent ;
(2) promote the more effective functioning of the educational organization ;
and (3) give boards of education and citizens a clearer understanding of
the role of education in present-day life.
One of the major accomplishments of the association during the year
was the publication of As We See It, a statement of guiding principles for
the development of Connecticut public schools. This document is not only
important in relation to educational administration, but is a valuable source
of information for the general public on the functions and objectives of the
schools.
Another activity sponsored by the association which has been a source
of professional improvement for superintendents is found in the eight re-
gional groups of superintendents. Most of these groups hold monthly meet-
ings in which they discuss common problems, consider new developments,
and carry on planned programs of an in-service nature. Department of
Education personnel attend most of these meetings.
Early in the year the State Department of Education initiated a pro-
gram to assist newly elected superintendents. Two meetings were held. The
first was designed to provide essential information concerning the education
law and the organization and administration of education in Connecticut.
The second meeting was held at the request of these superintendents and
was designed to assist them in the solution of problems encountered in the
first six months of their service.
During the past year, the department has prepared a number of re-
search studies relating to administration and these have been made available
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 445
•
to the superintendents of schools. These materials were as follows : "Chang-
ing Facilities and Services in the Public Schools", "Teachers' Salaries in
Connecticut, 1950-1951", "Teacher Supply and Demand, 1951", "Teacher
Turnover, 1950-1951", "Tax Rates, Grand Lists and Indebtedness of Con-
necticut Towns", "Pupil Transportation in Connecticut."
In addition to working with the association and groups of superintend-
ents, the members of the department are always available to assist indi-
vidual superintendents with specific problems locally. The staff consultant
assisted the superintendents in several towns in reviewing their present
programs in terms of establishing special classes for handicapped children.
Other direct services to superintendents included a review of a remedial
reading program, advice regarding the administrative staff organization,
assistance in setting up qualifications for the position of reading consultant.
A number of city-wide studies in the field of audio-visual education have
been conducted at the request of local superintendents, cooperative projects
having been completed in three towns.
Under the General Statutes, the State Board of Education presently
furnishes the services of a superintendent of schools for 80 towns. In addi-
tion to being responsible to the boards of education in the towns they serve,
these superintendents also operate as a part of the State Department of Edu-
caion. In this way, these superintendents and the elementary supervisors
who work with them are able to function not only individually but also as
a part of an organized team. Members of the group meet monthly in staff
meetings considering current problems and discussing major educational
developments. During the past year the group has been working on the
preparation of a handbook for members of boards of education. They have
also been carrying on a study related to the policies under which the pro-
gram operates. A bulletin entitled Pupil Progress Reporting was published
this year as the outcome of a project carried on by the group the previous
year. This publication discusses the background and philosophy of reports
to parents and indicates various tvpes of reports which may be used success-
fully.
HELPING ADULTS MEET NEWER RESPONSIBILITIES
The State Board of Education sponsors a wide variety of educational
experiences designed to be of value to adults faced with the trying condi-
tions of our present-day society. All of the numerous activities by which
members of the staff of the State Department of Education seek, to acquaint
the general public with the needs of children in education today and to de-
velop broader understanding of the educational process are in a sense adult
education. More specifically, however, the department maintains a number
of organized programs of adult education to assist adults in meeting newer
responsibilities.
State statutes require towns 10,000 and over in population to provide
adult educational opportunities and permit towns of lesser population to do
so. The department distributes the grants which the state provides to assist
towns with these programs. The department also works very closely with
the local directors of the adult programs, furnishing consultant services and
cooperating in the various conferences and other projects carried on by the
state association of adult program directors.
446 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
Many adults and older youth who have not completed their high school
education discover that evidence of educational attainment equivalent to a
high school education is essential to their securing a start or an advance-
ment in a particular line of work. For such persons the department conducts
examinations as a means of determining high school equivalency. During
the past year over 2,000 such examinations were given, resulting in the
granting of 1,300 state diplomas.
Older youth and adults who are physically disabled are given special
consideration in the program of the State Board of Education. Disabled
persons 16 years of age or over are assisted to become earners through the
services of the Bureau of Rehabilitation. Studies are made in each individual
case and the needs determined by counselors with the advice of physicians,
psychologists, and other specialists. Specific services provided include medi-
cal examination, physical restoration, prosthetic appliances, maintenance,
counselling and guidance, vocational training, placement in employment, and
adjustment to the job.
The heart of the rehabilitation process lies in the community where the
disabled person lives, and necessarily involves the support of local agencies
and facilities. In one community, for example, the Bureau of Rehabilitation
initiated the project and furnished leadership to the community council for
a study of the possibility of operating a sheltered workshop for the severely
disabled. Local advisory councils have been established in connection with
each of the five district offices.
The most extensive adult program carried on by the department is the
one operated by the Bureau of Vocational Education. Rapidly changing
world conditions, new developments in our economy, and new discoveries
in science and industry make it important for all persons to have the oppor-
tunity to get new ideas, increase their understanding and skills, and keep
abreast of the changing world scene. In a state such as Connecticut, the
need for efficient workers in all types of employment is evident. The adult
program of the Bureau of Vocational Education is design to make possible
individual self-improvement and to promote greater skill and efficiency on
the part of personnel in industry, business, and public services.
HELPING THE LOCAL COMMUNITY MEET NEWER
RESPONSIBILITIES
All of the work of the State Department of Education during the past
year has been- directed ultimately to produce improved educational oppor-
tunities for the children, youth, and adults in Connecticut's 171 school dis-
tricts. In a special way, however, certain of the activities and services of
the department have been provided for groups which might be thought of
as representing the community as a whole. Consideration of the relation-
ships of the department to the various local boards of education and to
"citizens" groups in the community will demonstrate the general approach
of the department to the problem of helping local communities to meet
newer responsibilities.
The local board of education occupies a unique position among govern-
mental agencies ; although it appears to be a local municipal agency and
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 447
frequently functions as one, at the same time it is an agency of the state
to whom the state has delegated its authority for supervising and admin-
istering the public schools. As a consequence of this situation the State
Department of Education frequently receives requests from local boards of
education for legal advice or administrative service. A particular service in
the legal area was the publication and distribution to all local board members
of the compilation of Laws Relating to Education 1950.
Services in the field of attendance and transportation have been in
considerable demand by local boards during the past year. Many local
boards have been trying to find better means of providing pupil trans-
portation at the most economical cost ; the purchase and operation of
school busses by the board has been undertaken in a number of cases.
With the responsibility for enforcing the attendance provision of the law
clarified as resting with the local boards, there has been an increased
tendency for local boards to request department assistance and advice in
serious cases of non-attendance.
The department has also been able to supply services to local boards
of education through cooperation with the Connecticut Association of
Boards of Education. The association has had a continuing interest in
sound educational legislation and the department has made pertinent in-
formation available. The department has also assisted the association in
planning and conducting four regional conferences and one state-wide
meeting on problems of concern to local boards.
"The Board of Education", a department publication issued nine times
during the school year, is aimed primarily to teach and interest members
of local boards of education. It has brought ideas and news of recent de-
velopments in education to an audience of some thirteen hundred readers
and provides an effective channel of information between the department
and the local boards.
Public library boards have increasingly accepted a share of the re-
sponsibility for the education of the adults in the community. The Bureau
of Libraries of the department has planned and carried out meetings for
public and school librarians in many communities on the theme "The
Library in the Educational Program." Cooperation between public and
school libraries has been encouraged. Many public library boards have
been advised on administrative problems, such as building and remodeling,
personnel, cataloging, organization. There is more and more need of
libraries as service centers, equipped not only with books and the better
magazines but with recordings, films, film strips and other materials.
One of the characteristics of newer developments in education has been
the increased activity of local "citizens" groups in relation to the schools.
The term "citizen" is not an exactly accurate description of the groups,
since obviously educators are also citizens. What the term is intended to
describe is a group of persons in the community who do not have the legal
responsibility for education as do members of the board of education nor
the professional responsibility of the teacher or administrator. Sometimes
these persons work in separate groups ; sometimes they may be combined
in a group with educators. Members of the department have been instru-
mental in working with such groups as the local parent-teacher associations
in organizing, planning, and in carrying out the programs. As has been
448 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
true in other years, staff members have fulfilled hundreds of individual
speaking engagements, but special effort was made during the past year
to encourage local groups to use staff members in the planning stage of
the program and in assisting in carrying on a unified program rather than
to get them simply as speakers to fill empty dates on the calendar.
During the past year not as many school study groups or educational
councils were functioning as there were in the previous year. The direct
stimulus of the work with the Governor's Fact-Finding Commission on
Education was removed,and the building projects which many of the pre-
vious year's efforts had been aimed at were underway. However, in a
number of Connecticut communities significant work was done by lay
groups studying the problem of providing better education or carrying on
projects in connection with securing better school facilities.
EDUCATION AND CIVIL DEFENSE
When the Korean War and the consequent mobilization of our re-
sources to resist aggression placed such heavy strain upon our society, the
schools were naturally deeply involved. Soon after the start of hostilities
all of the resources of the department were coordinated to operate on a
state-wide basis to strengthen our civil defense efforts.
A state-wide program of civil defense has been organized throughout
the school systems of Connecticut. Since the beginning of the year, the
Bureau of Youth Services has given attention to the preparation and dis-
tribution of bulletins dealing with civil defense and other matters directly
related to the character of the education program. During the last part of
the year, the newly appointed consultant in communicative arts has been
assigned to the office of the State Director of Civilian Defense and has
devoted the major part of his time to civil defense. His work has included
field programs for schools and adult education groups. Under the direction
of the department, a training school has been organized for block wardens,
the first session being held on January 24th with a total enrollment of 357
members.
The impact of civil defense needs has been reflected in the schools.
Many schools have requested aid in preparing teachers in home nursing,
first aid, protective drills, and specialized types of recreation. School lunch
facilities and personnel are being prepared to serve the community in an
organized plan of civil defense. State Department of Education staff mem-
bers have participated in the organization of child care committees for
local defense councils in five cities. Students, too, have participated in a
number of activities related to the defense effort. For example, students of
one high school broadcast the first student-planned and student-conducted
school program on civil defense.
CONNECTICUT COMMITTEE ON UN AND WORLD
UNDERSTANDING
In view of its special concern for helping to develop good citizens in
the schools who will be able to cope with present world conditions, the
department considers world understanding an important objective in educa-
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 449
tion today. The department was pleased to have a part in initiating the
project which led to the creation of the Connecticut Committee on the
United Nations and World Understanding.
Last December, 29 men and women, representing the public schools
and colleges in Connecticut, made a three-day study of the United Nations
at Lake Success and New York. The conference, sponsored by the State
Department of Education and financially supported by a foundation, was
given direct counsel and assistance by New York University in cooperation
with the United States Mission to the United Nations and the Department
of Public Information of the United Nations. After examining the functions
and philosophy of the United Nations, the group returned to Connecticut
with a report stating "that all Americans should support vigorously the
principles of the United Nations, essential to world cooperation and peace"
and continued as a committee to carry on an extensive program to spread
understanding of the principles of world cooperation.
LIFE ADJUSTMENT EDUCATION
Another step was taken during the year to bring increased attention
to the problem of keeping the secondary school curriculum aligned to the
needs of youth today. The Connecticut Commission on Life Adjustment
Education was appointed to parallel in this state the national commission,
of which a member of the department is chairman. The term "life adjust-
ment education" has been defined as follows :
"The term 'life adjustment education' refers to programs of curricula
reorganization inaugurated in the United States in 1948 and widely
discussed throughout the country since that time. The concept empha-
sizes the high school youth as a member of his local community, and
fosters provision for the type of schooling needed for his success as
a social, civic, and working individual. Education for adjustment
stands in partial opposition to the traditional view of secondary educa-
tion limited only to intellectual training."1
Actually the move in the direction of revised curricula for secondary
education in Connecticut antedates the national movement. The original
activities in Connecticut go back to the publication by the department in
1944 of Bulletin 37, The Redirection, Reorganization and Retooling of
Secondary Education. Since that time, the department has consistently
sought to bring this newer view of the needs and possibilities of secondary
education to the consideration of educators and lay public throughout the
state.
At the first meeting of the new state commission in March 1951, it
was proposed that a state conference on life adjustment education be or-
ganized. In May such a conference was held. About 75 school administra-
tors, teachers, guidance workers, and other educational personnel repre-
sented the schools of the state. The conclusions' drawn from the conference
will be considered at several regional workshops on life adjustment educa-
tion which are being planned for the school year 1951-52.
'"Educational Developments in the United States, 1950-51," A Sum-
mary Report of the Office of Education, Federal Security Agency,
July 20, 1951.
450 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
SCHOOL BUILDING DEVELOPMENTS
Two situations have created newer responsibilities in the field of
school building construction for almost every community in Connecticut
and for the state government as well : increasing school population and a
too long continued neglect of school facilities had left towns without suffi-
cient classroom space. Changes in educational practice and building theory
were beginning to make clear the fact that too many obsolete or obsolescent
school buildings were roadblocks to educational progress. Considerable
advance has been made in the design of school buildings since the conclusion
of World War II. Much progress has been made in determining what the
newer programs in education call for in the way of housing. Classrooms,
corridors, shops, laboratories, and general layouts are now designed in
terms of the use to which they are to be put. They encourage the inclusion
in the program of the varied activities needed to satisfy the changing needs
of children in a changing society.
The department has used conferences and publications to spread the
knowledge of good school building practices. A widely attended school
building conference in November 1950 emphasized the building problems
for secondary school programs. An almost immediate sequel to the con-
ferences was a program of guided bus tours to selected school buildings.
Approximately 1,300 copies of the 1950 revision of the Public School
Building Guide and Standards jor Approval have been distributed. As a
joint work with the Public School Building Commission, the Bureau of
School and Community Services developed an illustrated brochure, Con-
necticut Schools Today. Approximately, 3,400 copies of this publication
have been distributed to interested individuals and groups.
The Buildings and Plans Section of the department assisted in the
planning and construction of many school buildings during the past year.
This unit evaluated 115 sites for school buildings and 91 educational pro-
grams of services and school building plans to accommodate them.
Twenty new elementary schools were completed to add 177 regular
classrooms and 15 kindergartens. Thus, 6,090 pupils were accommodated
in new classrooms within our state. In addition, during this fiscal year, 39
new elementary schools were started which when completed will add 472
regular classrooms and 41 kindergartens.
Two new secondary schools were completed, accommodating 2,395
pupils, and adding 89 new classrooms and two gymnasiums. In this same
fiscal period, 1950-51, 15 new secondary schools were started which when
completed will add to Connecticut school facilities 357 secondary classrooms.
14 gymnasiums, and will accommodate an additional 9,295 secondary pupils.
Many school extensions and major alterations have been made. For
instance, 30 elementary schools were extended or altered providing 181
regular classrooms and 12 kindergartens. During the same period, 47
elementary schools began alterations or extensions which will add an addi-
tional 233 regular elementary classrooms, 16 kindergartens, and three addi-
tional gymnasiums.
Four secondary schools were extended or altered. These projects,
accommodating 400 pupils, provided 12 new classrooms, two additional
gymnasiums, and one shop. In addition, three high schools are being ex-
tended to add ?>S classrooms, which will accommodate 875 secondary pupils.
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 451
In all then, the state-aided program of school construction in Connecticut
this fiscal year helped 98 communities huild 159 projects containing 1,377
new classrooms and providing new facilities for 49,880 pupils. The one-room
school in Connecticut has become a rarity.
CLOSER COOPERATION BETWEEN THE DEGREE-GRANTING
INSTITUTIONS AND THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF
EDUCATION
The past year constituted an important milestone in the relationships
of the State Board of Education with the 32 institutions of higher learning
in Connecticut. The latter, organized as the Connecticut Council on Higher
Education, through its Standing Committee on Accreditation in 1948 had
proposed that the State Board of Education adopt a new set of policies and
procedures relative to licensing and accrediting institutions of higher learn-
ing. These criteria were eventually presented to the board and were adopted
on June 1, 1950.
The State Board of Education either accepts the recommendations of
the Accreditation Committee or requests it to schedule a reexaminaion of
the institution. In the event the standing committee and the State Board
of Education disagree following the second inspection, the State Board of
Education rules on the status of the institution.
These procedures were adopted by the State Board of Education with
the understanding that the working relationship might be severed at any
time since the hoard cannot surrender its legal responsibilities. During the
period in which the policies and procedures have been operative approxi-
mately 24 2 degree-granting schools were inspected for licensing and ac-
creditation. It is significant that there has been no instance where the State
Board of Education lias failed to sustain the recommendations of the
Standing Committee on Accreditation.
One other illustration of this close cooperation is the manner in which
the statute concerning authority to confer degrees has been refined. The
council's Standing Committee on Legislation took the initiative in drafting
a revision that would eliminate the possibility of "fly-by-night" institutions
invading Connecticut. Under the new law the State Board of Education
plays a major role in licensing degree schools, in authorizing an institution
to seek a charter in the General Assembly, and in accrediting institutions
according to the new policies and procedures.
TRENDS AND PROBLEMS IN MEETING NEWER
RESPONSIBILITIES
In completing the picture of the year's work of the State Department
of Education in relation to the newer responsibilities which confront the
educational forces of the state — pupils, teachers, administrators, super-
visors, and the community itself — it is important to note certain important
trends which appear on the educational scene and certain major problems
which will handicap our educational progress unless solutions are found.
452 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
TRENDS
1. GENERAL SCHOOL CONDITIONS
The trends with respect to five different aspects of public school
education can be noted from the responses of the superintendents to a
questionnaire distributed by the Bureau of Research and Planning early
in the school year 1950-51. The replies indicate that school conditions
are worse than they were last year in a number of respects. Classes have
increased in size in nearly one-half of the towns, affecting 430 classes and
thousands of pupils. Some 11,243 pupils had to be placed on half-day shifts.
Teacher shortages continue. In Connecticut, 718 inexperienced teachers
began work, with 128 towns having one or more new teachers. With the
proportion of new teachers running as high as one in ten as it did in half
of the reporting towns, special efforts in orientation were required to avoid
possible difficulties. It is still necessary to employ teachers with emergency
permits, 505 such teachers being employed. More emergency permits than
last year were recorded in 44 towns, the same in 37 and fewer in 79.
Although services have been increased in more cases than they have
been curtailed or eliminated, there has been considerable curtailment and
some elimination. In two cases other town agencies took over services
formerly carried by the school.
Classroom space is at a premium even though new buildings have
been completed. More than a fourth of the towns have had to convert to
classroom use facilities formerly' used for other purposes. Large rooms
have been partitioned, old buildings have been reoccupied, temporary struc-
tures erected, and other available facilities have been pressed into service.
Financially, most towns have increased the allowance for most of the
essential items, but libraries, equipment, maintenance and text books show
a fairly high percentage of curtailment.
The picture is not all dark. Many communities are facing their prob-
lems frankly and realistically, and are moving rapidly toward providing
necessary facilities and services within the foreseeable future. However,
the plans of too many towns are only in the talking stage. Shortage of
materials due to the defense effort and spiraling costs have frightened some
communities.
2. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
There are evidences of increased interest and activity in early child-
hood education. Groups studying home and family relations have increased
in number. Where the closing of kindergarten was threatened in some
communities, strong opposition to the move has arisen. In spite of the
fact that legislation was not enacted, studies by the American Associaion
of University Women and by the Association for Childhood Education
have pointed up the need for stronger measures for accrediting nursery
schools. The department has received steadily mounting requests for evalu-
ation of such programs. Many towns have been particularly active in plan-
ning for nursery school and kindergarten programs. Many communities
now without any public school kindergarten are developing plans. Thirteen
communities have requested and received consultant help. The number of
kindergartens in the state has increased from 344 in 1946 to 423 in 1950.
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 453
3. INCREASED CONCERN FOR PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED
During the past year there has been increased interest and activity
in all areas of special education. One indication of this is the formation of
a State Advisory Committee in the Education of Handicapped Children, a
committee which will study critical problems and recommend possible
solutions to these problems.
Local boards of education are making steady progress in the provision
of special programs and services for handicapped children. At least 3,000
children have had speech correction services and approximately 60,000
children have had individual pure-tone hearing tests this year. School
people are more aware of the needs of emotionally handicapped and we
have been able to provide leadership in this area.
Educational programs are provided for crippled children in hospitals
and convalescent homes, in special classes, and when necessary, in the
child's own home. Throughout the state, superintendents are increasing
their requests for consultant service and are doing long-range planning.
Plans for new buildings envision provision for special classes and space for
special services.
Increasing interest in the employment of the handicapped has been
shown by the many Connecticut employers who have employed disabled
workers who have been properly prepared through the rehabilitation
process. A motion and time study made recently by the University of
Connecticut and the Society for the Advancement of Management in co-
operation with industry and the Bureau of Rehabilitation, aims to discover
new work opportunities to the handicapped.
4. PUBLIC INTEREST IN EDUCATION
A most encouraging general trend has been the fact that the profes-
sional and lay groups are seeking services designed to produce better
policies and programs for education rather than registering complaints
and dissatisfaction. More and more schools reflect professional growth and
improvement, use democratic procedures, and invite the participation of
professional and lay citizens. More and more professional people are using
many sources of assistance in solving various problems. The study of
education is growing both on a state-wide and regional basis. Staff members
of one bureau alone served in 48 communities as consultants to study
groups, boards of education, building committees, and architects. People
are becoming increasingly aware of the danger of current attacks upon
public education. Financial aid, better facilities, and improved programs
follow an increased understanding of the schools.
PROBLEMS
1. SECONDARY SCHOOL FACILITIES FOR SMALL TOWNS
With the great increase in secondary school population which will
arrive in the middle and later years of this decade, existing school facilities
will lack the capacity to house more than 60 per cent of the load. Small
towns now paying tuition to existing schools will be gradually forced to
seek other arrangements to accommodate their pupils. Because of increases
454 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
in building costs and in their own school population, towns now operating
secondary schools will not wish to extend their facilities further to accom-
modate tuition pupils from neighboring towns. Since the small town cannot
alone provide a modern secondary school program at reasonable cost, a
cooperative effort is the logical solution. Fifty or more Connecticut towns
face this critical problem. Practically all of these are now considering
possible solutions including the formation of regional school districts. The
regional school district would not only give improved secondary education
to many young people but would in many cases also provide better arrange-
ments for elementary pupils as well. A new high school is now under con-
struction in one regional district. The recently enacted Substitue for House
Bill No. 685, An Act Concerning Regional School Districts, provides a
revision and clarification of the statutes regarding regional school districts.
2. NARCOTICS AND CONNECTICUT YOUTH
The growing problem of narcotics and harmful drugs has been receiving
increased attention from school and health authorities throughout the
state. Consideration has been given to the problem by the Interdepartment
Committee on School Health, sponsored by the Department of Health and
the Department of Education. The committee at the present time is of the
opinion that the problem has not reached serious proportions in Connecticut ;
however, if enforcement is tightened in neighboring states, dope peddlers
may try to move into Connecticut. A new law which provides heavier
penalties for violators of the narcotics act may discourage such migration.
However, the basic problem which educators face is that of creating an
attitude toward the use of drugs and of being sure that young people are
aware of the facts about narcotics to the point that they have no disposition
to experiment with them.
3. TRANSPORTATION FACTORS
School transportation is not only a continuing but a growing problem.
As the hazards of traffic increase and as more and more schools are consoli-
dated, transportation becomes increasingly important. During the school year
ended June 30, 1950, 68,667 pupils were regularly transported to school.
This means that one out of every four children was transported.
The safety of children who are transported is given constant considera-
tion and study, not only by educators but by lay groups as well. It is a
major project of one group for the coming year. The department has
participated in the planning of this program and will render every possible
assistance during the year. Problems of efficiency and economy of operation
must be faced ; at the present time great differences exist in the various
sections of the state.
The General Assembly has extended the state grant for the transporta-
tion of children to elementary school to include transportation to kinder-
garten. This means that the small towns will be assisted financially in
transporting children to kindergarten. This act should promote kindergar-
tens in these towns since transportation problems have long been a deter-
rent to the growth of the program.
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 455
4. STATE AID FOR EDUCATION
The financing of public school education continues to be a problem of
major concern. Increasing school populations and rising school costs have
created a situation necessitating additional tax effort by most towns. A
continued rise in the school population and a further spread of inflationary
influences are indicated. Strong educational leadership locally will be re-
quired to insure effective operation of the educational program and to
maintain public understanding.
Further action by the general assembly with respect to state aid for
education is needed to improve the present plan of state aid which was
established in 1947. Although school costs have risen since that time, the
state's share of the total cost has decreased. The formula for distribution
continues to be a source of controversy. The State Board of Education has
pointed out the need for additional support of education from state tax
sources and has indicated the importance of a decision of the General
Assembly regarding the basic plan of aid. If distribution of aid is to be
continued on the basis of the number of pupils, the formula should be so
adjusted that in all towns the state will provide an amount per pupil
sufficiently large to minimize the factor of varying local tax ability. If
this procedure is not to be followed, then the formula should be revised
so that the grants are related to the town's fiscal ability to support educa-
tion. Increased financial needs and widespread misunderstanding regarding
the state's responsibility for sharing in the financing of the local schools
indicate the need for a non-partisan consideration of the whole problem of
state aid prior to the next session of the General Assembly.
5. THE SUPPLY OF TEACHERS
The supply of elementary school teachers prepared in Connecticut
teachers colleges will not nearly meet the demand during the next four
years as evidenced in the cooperative NEA study of "Teacher Supply and
Demand in the United States."
Even though school superintendents recruit as they have done in the
past two years approximately 200 qualified and experienced teachers from
adjacent states, this reservoir is rapidly becoming depleted. As an expedi-
ency measure, there is need for the continuance of the Emergency Training
Program due to the continuous increase in pupil enrollment. An active
campaign has been renewed by all four state teachers colleges for the pur-
pose of enlisting selected graduates of liberal arts colleges in a program
designed to prepare them for teaching positions in Connecticut elementary
schools. This program has been in operation since February 1949.
For the past two summers, students from nearly 100 colleges scattered
throughout the United States have worked on the four teachers college
campuses with groups of children under the guidance of members of the
teachers college faculties. In addition they have had seminars in curriculum
methods and materials, in techniques of teaching specific subjects, in child
development, and in community problems. In September of each year, these
students have been placed in schools in every county in Connecticut. For
the first year they are supervised by a staff member from one of the state
teachers colleges and are required to take additional courses. Eventually
they must complete the full requirements for a state teacher's certificate.
456 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
6. TEACHERS COLLEGE FACILITIES
The expansion of the physical plants and facilities at all four of the
state teachers colleges continues to be a major problem. Although some
progress has been made, much remains to be done. The long-term building
program formulated by the State Board of Education was first presented
to the General Assembly in 1949. The limited program which was author-
ized was handicapped by delays in clearance of the program and by the
effects of rising construction costs. The 1951 General Assembly has author-
ized some additional funds, and some progress is now being made. Future
general assemblies will need to authorize and finance additional construc-
tion, however, if the ten-year building program proposed by the State
Board of Education is to be accomplished. As construction is completed
and new facilities are available, the problem of adequate staff will also call
for more adequate financing of the teacher education program.
7. CERTIFICATION OF TEACHERS
At the request of the State Board of Education, a committee of edu-
cators has worked during the past three years on proposals for the revision
of the rules and regulations for the certification of teachers. At four
regional meetings held during the winter months reactions of the organized
profession were invited. Following these meetings, the advisory committee
conferred on these comments. Plans were made for the further editing of
the proposals. They will be submitted to the State Board of Education for
consideration.
8. POST-SECONDARY STUDY
For some time the need for a comprehensive study of post-secondary
educational opportunities for the youth of Connecticut has been evident.
Reports submitted to the Governor's Fact-Finding Commission as well as
studies by the State Department of Education and by individual research
students have all pointed out the need for a more complete system of higher
education to meet the needs of young people in the state who desire to
secure education beyond high school. Accordingly, the State Board of Edu-
cation has requested a committee of laymen and educators to review the
available data, to study the several problems facing higher education, and
to make recommendations during the coming year.
9. THE CURRICULUM
The problems which confront us arise from the height of the goal we
have set. No other nation has attempted to provide an organized education
program for all children and all youth. We have recognized secondary
education as well as elementary education as a part of the common school
system and available to all youth. This poses a most serious and difficult
curricular problem in instruction and organization. Obviously the abilities
and interests of youth vary greatly. To provide an instruction and curricula
that stimulate maximum learning for each and does not baffle or dishearten
any is a professional task of vast proportions.
Although a beginning has been made in approaching this objective,
such standards have not generally or fully been met, If the common school
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
457
idea for all running through the 12th grade or higher is to persist as a
sound philosophy, then a great deal of change and adjustment in cur-
riculum, organization, and instructional method still remains to be achieved
in the immediate years ahead. The faith the American people have held in
public education for all through the high school must be supported by
works. Laymen and educators need to examine their goal more critically
and to evaluate the programs now designed to achieve them.
There is proof that such goals can be achieved. There is much evi-
dence that most schools do not completely do so. The challenge to teacher
education institutions, to administrators, and to teachers is colossal, but
the end results for the strength and welfare of Connecticut are far-reaching
and greatly to be desired.
We will be strengthened in our task if we continue to believe above all
else, however, as did the wise leaders who began- this nation of free men,
that no nation such as ours can long endure without a free public school
system which prepared all children and youth for the obligations, the insights,
and the responsibilities for a society of such magnificent proportions.
ENROLLMENTS IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND ENDOWED AND
INCORPORATED SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES
1949-50
Public Approved State
Day Schools and Vocational State
Schools Academies 1/ Schools Institutions 2/
Number of Schools
Elementary
Junior High
High
678
90
34
1
9
Total
Registration
Elementary
Junior High
High
802
206,214
16,266
61,083
10
75
5,079
Total
Average Daily Membership
Elementary
Junior High
High
283,563
195,156
15,514
58,249
5,154
68
4,779
Total
268,919
4,847
14
18,018
1,238
218
1,456
1,014
130
1,144
1/ Approved as high schools by the State Board of Education for certification
purposes and for the attendance of pupils whose tuition is to be paid from public
funds.
2/ Refers to those state institutions that maintain schools.
458
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION
TABLE III
ENROLLMENTS IN PRIVATE, PAROCHIAL
AND OTHER ECCLESIASTICAL SCHOOLS
1949-50
Number of Schools
Number of Schools Reporting
Registration
Kindergarten
Elementary
High
Private
Schools
93
77
680
3,646
7,067
Parochial
Schools
117
115
2,992
42,684
2,396
Other
Ecclesiastical
Schools
14
9
89
769
6
Total
11,393
48,072
864
Average Daily Membership
Kindergarten
610
2,841
52
Elementary
3,466
41,377
706
High
6,885
2,334
5
Total
Number of Days School
was in Session — Av.
Number of Teachers
Number of Classrooms Occupied
10,961
179
1,275
970
TABLE IV
46,552
180
1,258
1,236
763
181
45
43
ENROLLMENT IN PRIVATE NURSERY
AND KINDERGARTENS
1949-50
SCHOOLS
Number of Schools 78
Number of Schools Reporting 40
Age of Admissions Av. 2.9 years
Registration
Nursery Schools 1,177
Kindergarten 370
Grade I 238
Average Daily Membership
Nursery School 816
Kindergarten 293
Grade I 197
Number of Days School was in Session Av. 186
Length of Session 5 hrs.
Number of Teachers Employed 118
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 459
TABLE V
PREDICTED ENROLLMENT BY SCHOOL UNITS
1950-1951 through 1960-1961
No. in
No. in
No. in
No. in
Grades
Grades
Grades
Year
Kindergarten
1-6
7-8
9-12
Enrollment 1/
1950-51
22,184
156,051
3SA72
62,359
279,066
1951-52
27,311
163,747
39,460
02,034
292,552
1952-53
30,000
177,963
39,983
03.359
311,305
1953-54
27,865
193,264
42,713
64,456
328,298
1954-55
26,892
201,072
49,003
66,002
342,969
1955-51)
25,763
203,142
57,520
09,387
355,812
1956-57
24.568
206,980
58.510
76,067
366,131
1957-58
23.904
209,717
54,893
86,442
374,956
1958-59
23,904
205,228
60,874
91,542
381,548
1959-60
23,904
197,490
70,388
93,934
385,716
1960-61
23,904
specials.
192,473
70,925
100,429
387,731
1/ Exclusive of
FINANCE
Current expenditures for the puhlic schools totalled $61,025,241, with
the state paying 19.4 per cent of this total, or $11,841,509. In 1948-49
state aid accounted for 20.1 per cent of the $56,634,508 total. Consequently,
towns had to raise almost $4 million more from local taxation, even
though state aid increased by $445,073, from the $11,396,936 of 1948-49.
The public school teaching staff was increased by 425 to a total of
11,673 to care for the increasing number of pupils.
460
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PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION
Established— -1945
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Sections 1581 through 1590
Commissioners — John Lyman, Middlefield, Chair-
man ; Mrs. Dorothy S. Hutton, Somers ; Ellis
C. Maxcy, North Haven; Dr. Finis E. Engle-
max, commissioner of Education
Administrative head — Charles F. Ritcii, Jr.,
Director
Deputy administrator — William R. Perry, Dep-
uty Director
Central office — State Office Building, Room 365.
Telephone 7-6341, Extensions 445 and 763
Average number of full-time employees — 5
Funds for operations — Biennium 1949-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $1,450,000
Expenditures — Fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating, $26,945.41. Capital outlay, $4,547.99
THE COMMISSION
The Public School Building Commission administers state financial
aid to the towns and cities of Connecticut for the building and improving
of school facilities as provided for by Public Act No. 6 of the November,
1949 Special Session of the General Assembly.
GRANT PAYMENTS
Regular Grants'- During the fiscal year of 1950-51, the commission
approved state aid grants for 74 communities on 109 school building
projects. The 109 projects actually cost $30,587,402.42 and involved a
state aid grant of $7,719,303.39, of which $474,264.76 was paid this fiscal
year to these 74 communities as their first state aid installment.
The 109 school building projects upon which a first state aid pay-
ment was made during the fiscal year of 1950-51 provide facilities for
34,495 children.
It is to be noted that within the 109 school building projects there
are some which have been completed prior to 1950-51 but the majority of
465
406 PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION
them were completed during that fiscal year. In other words. 30 of the
grant payments made were for retroactive projects whereas the remaining
79 payments were for newly completed ones.
Hardship Grants' One community within the state applied for con-
sideration under the "Hardship Section," Section 9 of Public Act No. 6,
for special consideration. After the case was thoroughly investigated and
passed upon not only by the Public School Building Commission but also
by a Review Committee consisting of the Governor, the Attorney General,
the Comptroller, and the Commissioner of Finance and Control, that com-
munity was advanced a lump sum grant of $40,000 toward the building
of a school to accommodate ISO pupils at an estimated cost of $150,000.
Lump Sum Payments Under Old .let-' hi accordance with Section 12
of Public Act No. 0, the Public School Building Commission during the
fiscal year of 1950-51 paid all of the outstanding grants which had been
allotted but not yet paid under the old state aid act.
During this fiscal year five towns completed five retroactive projects
which were valued at $1,499,535 and involved lump sum state grants
totalling $202,333.33.
These five retroactive projects provided new school building facilities
to accommodate 1,716 children.
SCHOOL BUILDING DURING 1950-51
Projects Completed- During the fiscal year of 1950-51, 25. school
building projects involving state aid and costing $11,234,838.33 were com-
pleted in the state of Connecticut.
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
No. of Type of No. of Pupil .St^tc
Schools Project Rooms Capacity Actual Cost Aid Grant
9 New 124&13K 4,400 $6,036,068.69 $1,270,000.00
12 Extension 36 & 6K 1,380 $1,862,284.69 $ 473.751.94
or 1 gym
Major Alteration
SECONDARY SCHOOLS
1 New 53 & 2 gyms 1,375 $2,795,531.72 $ (48,750.00
3 Extension 2 & 1 gym 50 $ 540,953.23 $ 180,317.74
or
Major Alteration
Projects Begun: Not only were there 25 school building projects in-
volving state aid completed during the fiscal year of 1950-51, but 67
school building projects were begun during that same period.
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
No. of
Schools
Type of
Project
No. of Pupil
Rooms Capacity
Estimated Cost
26
32
New
Extension
352&29K 12,010
155 & 8K 5,050
$17,340,866.11
$ 6,161,460.07
M
or
ajor Alteration
7 gyms
PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION 467
SECONDARY SCHOOLS
No. of
Schools
Type of
Project
No. of
Rooms
Pupil
Capacity
Estimated Cost
5
4
New
Extension
or
Major Alteration
132 & 2 gyms
19
3,647
475
$6,181,040.00
$1,195,500.00
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
During the past year on 205 occasions representatives from towns and
cities of the state have come to the office of the commission seeking help.
Usually the help consisted of supplying suggested procedures a town
might follow in handling a school building project, or in other instances,
communities sought aid relative to their school building plans and specifica-
tions, or information relative to the estimated state aid grant the given
town or city might expect on their school building project.
Not only have representatives from the towns and cities come to the
commission office for aid, but on 155 occasions staff members of the com-
mission visited communities within the state. Those visits were made either
upon the invitation of the town for assistance at town meetings, meetings
of boards of education, councils, school building committees, boards of
finance, fact finding committees, or meetings of other interested citizens,
or to attend school dedications or make the usual inspections of school
building projects for purposes of state aid.
COST OF ADMINISTRATION
During the fiscal year of 1950-51, the commission spent $31,493.40
in administrative costs. The bulk of this cost was spent for staff salaries
and the necessary equipment needed to establish an adequate administrative
unit.
The detailed breakdown of the over-all administrative cost is as follows :
Personal Services $20,887.50
Contractual Services 4,721.39
Supplies and Materials 1,336.52
Equipment 4,547.99
Total $31,493.40
PUBLICATIONS
During the fiscal year of 1950-51, the commission published a pamphlet
entitled "Connecticut Builds Schools" The purpose of that particular
publication wras first to present cost data on the public schools which had
been completed within the state during the past two-year period as well
as to present the estimated costs of projects which had begun within that
same period. Secondly, it was expected that the publication would also
468 PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION
act as a guide for school building committees and similar groups for visita-
tions to school building projects throughout the state which might be of
particular interest to them.
The pamphlet, "Connecticut Builds Schools," was done cooperatively
with the school architects of the state and the commission. The first section
of the pamphlet gives a detailed analysis of 34 school building projects
which were completed between January 1, 1949 and December 1, 1950,
whereas Section 2 gives similar details on 40 school building projects
which were under construction between January 1, 1949 and December 1,
1950.
This publication has been broadly circulated throughout the state in
order to give those interested in school building the benefit of the past two
years' experience.
The commission now has available three publications which have been
found to be of value to those interested in building schools. The publica-
tions are available to interested parties and might be obtained by directing
a request to the commission office. The specific publications are as
follows :
1. Suggestions to Communities Planning ScJiool Building Projects.
2. Connecticut Schools Today.
3. Connecticut Builds Schools.
House Bill 680 was introduced by the commission and dealt with
the acceptance of a grant by the town by making it possible for a town
meeting not only to authorize a board of education or selectmen to apply
but also to accept or reject the grant in the name of the town if it was
so desired. This particular bill did become law and is now known as
Public Act No. 50.
The General Assembly of 1951 also passed another piece of legisla-
tion which related to the Public School Building Commission. House Bill
690, which became Public Act 141, states in essence that all state aid
grants under $10,000 on school building projects must be paid in five
equal annual payments and that all projects on which a state grant is
made must be advertised and the contract awarded to the lowest responsi-
ble qualified bidder.
SURVEY
In September of 1950, the commission made an informal survey of
anticipated school building in the towns of Connecticut during the biennium
of 1951-53. From the 171 school districts contacted, 171 replies were re-
ceived and the following facts emerged :
118 towns expect to build 242 school building projects at
an estimated cost of $100,764,844.00.
The proposed 242 school building projects will be designed
to house 75,260 pupils.
23 towns noted their inability to finance their needed school
building projects within the 10 per cent statutory bonding limit
of their existing gross grand lists.
PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION 469
LOOKING AHEAD
During the fiscal year of 1951-52, the commission has two definite
projects in mind.
First, the commission proposes to print a revised edition of the pub-
lication, Suggestions to Communities Planning School Building Projects.
As the name implies, this publication has been a kind of checklist of items
which usually are considered when school building projects are about
to be built. The proposed revised edition will include the latest legislation
enacted by the 1951 General Assembly which affects school building.
Secondly, the commission proposes to publish for broad distribution
a pamphlet dealing with school sites, their size, development, and use.
It is expected that such data will be of material value to communities about
to start a school building project.
Throughout Connecticut many towns are being confronted with the
fact that the neighboring cities are finding it impossible to accept the
high school students from such towns, therefore, in many instances, the
individual town is now being faced with the problem of adequately caring
for their high school students. Many such towns are really too small to
have a secondary school that is educationally adequate without involving
a prohibitive cost.
Should two or more such towns pool their resources it would be
possible, with some real state aid encouragement, to build adequate re-
gional schools. Such increased financial incentive by the state would en-
courage many small communities to consolidate their resources into
educational units which are both educationally and economically sound.
470
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PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
New
Projects Begun
Added
Added Pupil
Estimated
Town
School
Classrooms
Capacity
Cost
Ash ford
Consolidated
6
180
$ 150,000.00
Bloomfield
Joseph P. Vincent
14&1K
470
500,000.00
Canaan
Lee H. Kellogg
4
120
137,845.00
Danbury
Park Avenue
13&1K
440
641,776.00
East Windsor
Broad Brook
16&1K
530
485,200.00
Enfield
Hazardville
9&1K
320
348,500.00
Hamden
Dunbar Hill
12&1K
410
677,000.00
Hartford
Mary Hooker
28&3K
990
1,125,000.00
Hartford
Mark Twain
23&2K
790
1,050,000.00
Killingly
Elementary
21 &2K
730
900,000.00
Manchester
Broad Street
18&2K
640
1,065,400.00
Mansfield
Elementary
6
180
165,000.00
Middlebury
Kelly Tract
10
300
471,681.00
New Britain
Slater Road
22
660
1,000,000.00
New Haven
Winchester
18&3K
690
1,486,924.00
Norwalk
Fillow Street
14&2K
520
724,000.00
Plainville
Elementary
14&1K
470
757,980.00
Plymouth
Center
6&1K
230
285,000.00
Shelton
Sunnyside
8&1K
290
463,000.00
So. Windsor
Wapping
14
420
545,000.00
Stafford
West Stafford
4
120
141,000.00
Torrington
Torringford
11&1K
380
725,457.00
Vernon
Elementary
11 &1K
380
373,123.11
Wallingford
Moses Beach
18&2K
640
781,430.00
W. Hartford
Louise Duffy
24 & 2K
820
1,740,000.00
W. Haven
Seth Haley
26 Projects
8&1K
290
600,550.00
Totals
352 & 29K
12,010
$17,340,866.11
475
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PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION
Projects Begun
Town
Barkhamsted
Bethlehem
Burlington
Canton
Coventry
Darien
East Hartford
Granby
Ham den
Hamden
Hamden
Hamden
Hartford
Harwinton
Hebron
Mansfield
Mansfield
Meriden
Monroe
New Haven
Norwalk
Norwalk
Oxford
Prospect
Roxbury
Simsbury
Southbury
Waterbury
Waterbury
Waterbury
Westbrook
West Haven
Totals
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Alterations or Extensions
School
Pleasant Valley
Elementary
Elementary
Cherry Brook
Geo. H. Robertson
Holmes
Sunset Ridge
Memorial
Church Street
Helen Street
Newhall Street
Spring Glen
Northwest Alt.
Consolidated
Elementary
Buchanan
Storrs
Jonathan Trumbull
Elementary
Davis Street
Roosevelt
Rowayton
Centralized
Community
Booth Free
Tariffville Alt.
Consolidated
Chase
Hopeville
Sprague
Grade
Noble
32 Projects
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Alterations or Extensions
Added
Added Pupil
Estimated
Classrooms
Capacity
Cost
6 & 1 gym
180
$ 150,000.00
5 & 1 gym
150
186,765.00
3
90
66,880.00
4
120
110,000.00
4
120
117,650.00
4&1K
170
198,369.00
10
300
177,000.00
10
300
250,000.00
4
120
157,960.00
4
120
113,946.00
aud.-gym.
181,070.00
aud.-gym.
155,620.00
24,125.00
"a
i20
99,338.00
4
120
72,896.00
2
60
35,000.00
5
150
218,387.00
2&2K
160
200,000.00
8
240
337,045.07
6
180
318,995.00
5&1K
200
193,420.00
4
120
130,210.00
6
180
215,000.00
6 & 1 gym
180
249,000.00
1
30
55,000.00
25,000.00
6 & 1 gym
iso
265,000.00
14 & 1 gym
420
595,161.00
11
330
370,000.00
8&2K
340
423,000.00
4&1K
170
266,843.00
5&1K
200
202,780.00
155 &8K
5,050
$6,161,460.07
7 gyms
Projects Completed
Added
Added
Class
Pupil
Actual
State Aid
Town
School
Rooms
Capacity
Cost
Grant
Bozrah
Fields Mem. Alt.
$ 15,724.31
$ 5,241.44
Darien
Baker
gym
65,391.83
21,797.28
Derby
Franklin Alt.
8,80 l.fO
2,933.70
Hartford
Montrose St.
"l
'"60
27,238.04
9,079.35
Litchfield
Center
4&1K
170
150,983.86
50,327.95
Madison
Hand Alt.
68,836.72
22,945.57
New Britain
Israel Putnam
5&2K
'iso
214,485.78
21,495.26
Rocky Hill
South
8
240
197,696.20
15,898.73
Shelton
Huntington
8&1K
290
429,804.93
132,000.00
Thomaston
Grove St. Alt.
9,963.00
3,321.00
West Hartford
Elmwood Alt.
44,134.98
14,711.66
Westport
Greens Farms
12 Projects
9&2K
"m
629,223.94
174,000.00
Totals
36&6K
1,380
$1,862,284.69
$473,751.94
lgym
PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING COMMISSION
477
HIGH SCHOOLS
New.
Projects Begun
Town School
Clinton High School
North Haven Jr. High School
Plymouth Terryville H. S.
Reg. HS Dist. 4 High School
Windsor High School
Totals
5 Projects
Added
Class Rooms
14
19
18
28 & 1 gym
53 & 1 gym
132 & 2 gyms
New
Added Pupil
Capacity
365 .
713
484
760
1,325
3,647
Projects Completed
Town
School
Milford
High School
Total
1 Project
Class Added Pupil Actual
Rooms Capacity Cost
53 & 2 gyms 1 ,375 $2,795,531 .72
Estimated
Cost
$ 526,000.00
875,000.00
1,320,000.00
1,114,540.00
2,345,500.00
$6,181,040.00
State Aid
Grant
$618,750.00
53 & 2 gyms 1,375 $2,795,531.72 $618,750.00
HIGH SCHOOLS
Alterations or Extensions
Projects
Town
Darien
Hartford
Hartford
Reg. H. S
Begun
Dist. 1
School
Sr. High School
Burr Jr. H. S. Alt.
Public H. S. Alt.
Housatonic Valley
Regional H. S.
Added
Class
Rooms
13
6
19
Added
Pupil
Capacity
325
150
475
Estimated
Cost
$ 800,000.00
4,500.00
105,000.00
286,000.00
$1,195,500.00
Alterations or Extensions
Projects Completed
Town
Derby
Stratford
West Hartford
School
High School Alt.
Sr. High School
Wm. Hall H. S. Alt.
3 Projects
Class
Rooms
2 & 1 gym
Pupil Actual
Capacity Cost
— $ 9,446.94
50 524,221.69
— 7,284.60
State Aid
Grant
$ 3,148.98
174,740.56
2,428.20
Totals
2 & 1 gym
50 $540,953.23
$180,317.74
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TEACHERS' RETIREMENT BOARD
Established— July 1, 1917
Statutory authority — -General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 78, Sections 1591 through 1607
Administrative head — Mrs. Dorothy M. M.
Shanley Lewis, Secretary
Deputy administrator — -Miss Viola L. Surowiec,
Executive Assistant
Central office — State Office Building Annex, 119
Capitol Avenue, Hartford; Telephone 7-6341,
Ext. 344
Average number of full-time employees — 17
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951—
Appropriation, $3,307,454.28 (total pension re-
serve expenditure). Other sources (gifts, etc.),
$167.90 (Hannah E. Witt Estate)
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951- —
Recurring operating state funds, $56,781.27
Organisation structure — Accounts Division; Active-
Teachers and Towns; Retired Teachers; Admin
istrative Division.
Since 1917, the State of Connecticut has maintained a retirement
system for the public school teachers of the state under the management
of the Teachers' Retirement Board. The Board, the members of which
serve without compensation, consists of five members, three of whom are
ex-officio : namely, the insurance commissioner, W. Ellery Allyn, Water-
ford; the bank commissioner, Lynwood K. Elmore, West Hartford; and
the education commissioner, Finis E, Engleman, Wallingford. Two mem-
bers are elected biennially by the members of the teachers' retirement asso-
ciation and serve for a term of four years. Present elected representatives
are Clifton C. Brainard of Hartford, chairman, and Leonard R. Nixon of
New Britain.
FISCAL AND MEMBERSHIP ACTIVITIES
Banking and insurance principles are incorporated into the technical
work of the department as the application of both are necessary to the
management of the sizable and ever-increasing funds under the board's
control— $44,945,563.67 as of June 30, 1951.
479
480 TEACHERS' RETIREMENT BOARD
A 5% deduction for retirement purposes is made from each teacher's
salary by the employing board of education as long as the teacher con-
tinues to serve in the public schools of the state. There are now 12,911
contributing members, an increase of 614 in the over-all membership over
the preceding year. During the school year 1950-1951, 1,397 new members
were added including 1,188 teachers who began service in Connecticut for
the first time; 196 reinstated teachers who had taught in the state pre-
viously; and 12 teachers whose status entitled them to voluntary member-
ship because they had taught in Connecticut prior to the passage of the law.
There are still 290 teachers in this last category who may join the associa-
tion at any time provided they pay 5% of all salaries received for public
school teaching since 1917, plus regular interest. ' Naturally, the increased
school enrollments are reflected in the additional teachers required through-
out the state and in the activities of the department.
A separate savings account and a case history file are maintained for
each member during his entire period of teaching. Thus, at retirement, the
complete record of creditable service, salary information, absences, and
other pertinent data is available. The significance of this complete data
cannot be overemphasized ; it is upon this factual information that the
member's retirement allowance is based and which determines, according
to mortality tables, the teacher's retirement income and the state's financial
liability.
Towns forward teachers' salary deductions quarterly; amounts are
posted to individual accounts on electric posting and computing machines,
and receipts are deposited with the State Treasurer who is responsible for
the investment of the funds. Receipts credited to the members' accounts
for the year totaled $2,499,277.81 including an amortized payment by New
Haven of $117,471.00. Interest earnings credited to the members' accounts
on December 31, 1950, amounted to $744,255.19 including an amount of
$86,915.08 which was credited and anticipated in actuarial calculations on
the funds of the retired teachers.
When a member separates from teaching he may withdraw his funds
including interest earnings thereon. A total of 646 accounts amounting to
$408,687.98 was withdrawn during the year. A total settlement of $97,-
459.76 was made to the estates or beneficiaries of 30 members who died
during the fiscal year.
RETIREMENT QUALIFICATIONS AND FISCAL DATA
A member may retire ( 1 ) at the age of 60, provided he has rendered
at least 20 years of teaching in this state, or (2) at any age, provided he
has completed at least 35 years of teaching, 20 years of which must have
been rendered in this state if he joined the association prior to July 1, 1929,
or 25 years in the state if his membership dates subsequent to July 1, 1929.
Permanent disability entitles a member to retire after 10 years of
service provided he has not reached age 60.
Upon approved application, a member receives a retirement allow-
ance, made up of an annuity and a pension, payable on the last day of
each calendar month. The allowance is based on the total years of credit-
able service and the average salary for the last 5 years preceding retire-
TEACHERS' RETIREMENT BOARD 481
ment. Thus, a member with 20 years of service receives 40% of his average
salary, plus an increase of 1 % for each additional year of service rendered ;
the maximum is 70% of salary after 50 years of service.
The annuity is computed according to mortality tables and is based
on the member's total savings account. At retirement, a member's account
is transferred from the active accounts to the retired accounts category
from which his annuity is paid. The pension which is paid by the state
represents the difference between the annuity and the total retirement
allowance. When a member retires, the state draws from the pension re-
serve (derived from the general fund) an amount based on mortality tables
which is sufficient when invested to pay the state's share of the monthly
allowance during the retirant's lifetime.
The increased retirement payments to the association caused by the
advances in teachers' salaries have been reflected in increased costs to
the state.
To illustrate : In 1948, the average reserve required for a teacher
amounted to $16,500 as against $22,047 in 1951, while the average annual
retirement allowance advanced from $1,551 to $1,939 during the same
period.
The following factual information will serve to give a composite pic-
ture of the present retired-teacher group:
RETIREMENT STATISTICS
A. For current year
Number retired:
Age or service 134
Disability 9
Total 143
Total Pension Reserves drawn $3,101,601.37
Average Pension Reserve 21,689.52
Average Annual Retirement Allowance 1,939.02
Age or Service Disability General
Average : Retirements Retirements Average
Age 64.227 years 51.72 years 63.44 years
Service 38.67 years 25 years 37.81 years
Salarv $ 3,521.65 $ 3,019.19 $ 3,490.02
Annuity Reserve 5,116.21 3,247.09 4,998.57
Pension Reserve 22,047.41 16,361.00 21,689.52
B. Over-all Statistics
Total number on retired list, June 30, 1951 1,268
Average annual disability retirement allowance $ 800.40
Average regular retirement allowance $ 1,431.16
Average age of retired members 70.90 years
Average service of retired members 37.58 years
C. Fund Statistics
Annuity Fund (teachers' fund) $29,846,689.33
Pension Fund (state funds) 15,098,874.34
Total Funds $44,945,563.67
482 TEACHERS' RETIREMENT BOARD
INCREASES IN RETIREMENT ALLOWANCES
The following economic adjustments have been made by previous
Legislatures in the allowances received by those teachers who retired prior
to the liberalization of the teachers' retirement law on October 1, 1943:
Effective: Additional Monthly Payment:
July 1,1947 $10.00
March 1, 1948 10.00 (in addition to above)
July 1, 1949 $25.00 (previous increases expired
June 30, 1949)
July 1, 1951 30.00
The 1951 Legislature included, also, teachers retired by the City of
New Haven before that local system was transferred to the state system
on September 1, 1947.
Number affected, July 1, 1947 603
Number living as of July 1, 1951 411
New Haven teachers now included 153
564
STATE LIBRARY
BC— WWW ! I
Establish ed — 1 854
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Chapter 81, Title 14
Administrative head — James Brewster, State Li-
brarian
Central office — State Library and Supreme Court
Building, 211 Capitol Avenue, Hartford. Tele-
phones: 5-2121 ; 7-6341, Ext. 460, 497
Average number of full-time employees — 61
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 — Legis-
lative appropriation, $275,655.31
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 — Recurring op-
erating expenditures, $246,128.86
Capital outlay— $26,877.37
Organization structure — The Law Library ; Office
of Examiner of Public Records ; Archives De-
partment ; Church and Court Records Depart-
ment ; Local History and Genealogy Department ; Legislative Reference
Department ; Probate Department ; Vital Records Department ; War
Records Department ; Newspaper Department ; Photostat Section ; and
the Bindery
Valuation (cost) of plant — $2,685,300.00 (Does not include grounds or
contents)
It has been an unwritten law since the establishment of the State
Library in 1854 that the Governor and Secretary of the State are members
of the State Library committee. Therefore the present members of said
committee are His Excellency, John Lodge, Governor, chairman ex-ofncio ;
Hon. Alice K. Leopold, Secretary of the State; Hon. Allyn L. Brown,
Chief Justice; Hon. William M. Maltbie of Granby; and George F.
ITanrahan of Farmington.
As is usual during a year in which the General Assembly meets, the
Library prints by the off-set process all the bills as introduced in the
Senate and House. A card index is kept of all bills by subject matter and
also a card catalog showing the progress of all bills, i.e., when and by
whom introduced, to what committee referred, date of hearing, report of
483
484 STATE LIBRARY
committee (if any) whether favorable or unfavorable, action by Senate or
House, whether signed or vetoed by the Governor. This up-to-the-minute
information on pending legislation has proved to be one of the Library's
most appreciated services. The legislative bill room in the Capitol, where
copies of all bills may be obtained, is easily accessible to members and to
the public. It was again in operation and heavily patronized in 1951.
During the 1951 session, there were introduced 874 Senate Bills and
1.800 House Bills, a total of 2,674. Our practice is to make an initial print-
ing of 200 copies of each bill, with the exception of those introduced during
the last two or three days of the session. It has been regularly pointed out
that much time and money would be saved the state if members would
introduce bills early in the session and not wait until two or three days
before the "deadline," which is scheduled early in February. Every session,
about 90 per cent of all bills are received in two or three days, resulting in
what might be called a "log jam" which takes three weeks to a month to
straighten out. Twenty temporary employees were hired to handle legisla-
tive work. One feature of the session which added to the work of the State
Library was the ruling of the legislative leaders not to have joint com-
mittees.
The decision to cease binding newspapers of those cities where the
publishers regularly microfilm their issues, positive copies of which can
be bought by the Library at moderate cost, has worked out very satisfac-
torily. The newest type reading machine shows a complete page on the
screen at one time and is perfectly readable. An unexpected but important
discovery is that in several cases the cost of the film is less than the cost of
binding. Employees are pleased not to have to handle heavy volumes or to
have to find shelving space when there just isn't any. It is reported with
deep appreciation that one Connecticut publisher is presenting the Library
with free microfilm copies of current issues and also of back issues to the
founding of the paper.
The valuable collection of maps and atlases bequeathed to the Library
by the late William B. Goodwin, who died May 17, 1950, was received in
the spring of this year. One of Mr. Goodwin's many hobbies was the
collecting of maps and atlases of the New World, showing changes of the
location of Connecticut on the maps from the earliest discoveries until about
1800. Mention of a few of the atlases may prove of interest:
1. The Claudius Ptolemy Atlas of 1525. This is very rare and the most im-
portant of all the editions of Ptolemy's atlases because the last map is called
"The Admiral's Map" of the New World. For the first time Ptolemy calls
the new world "America."
2. A volume entitled Polyhistor by C. Julius Solinus, which has a map dated
1520 on which the name of America appears. For a long time this was
supposed to be the first mention of that name. However, there are now
known two maps of about 1507 which claim that honor. Mr. Goodwin had
facsimiles of those also.
3. A very rare Italian Atlas by Bordoni Benedetto, published by the famous
Venetian printer, Paulus Manutius Aldus in 1547. In this is a map calling
the area which is now Connecticut by the name of Norumbega. This name,
spelled in various ways, greatly intrigued Mr. Goodwin, who claimed it
was the ancient name for Connecticut and further that it was known to
seamen (presumably Norsemen) before the discoveries of Columbus.
4. A 1595 edition of Theatrum Orbis Terrarum by Abraham Ortelius. This is
an atlas with beautifully colored maps, on one of which is again shown
Norumbega.
STATE LIBRARY 485
5. A two-volume, parchment-bound atlas also entitled Theatrum Orbis Tcr-
rarum by William and John Blaen, published in Amsterdam in 1635. No
Connecticut settlements are shown and the country is still called Norumbega.
Mr. Goodwin's maps are too numerous to more than mention. He also
gave the Library the notes and manuscripts of his projected history of
Saybrook.
The three following reports illustrate some of the various activities
carried on in the Library. The first is by Harold S. Burt, Examiner of
Public Records and Chief of the Vital Records Department. By statute,
Mr. Burt's duties are to see that custodians of public records (principally
Town Clerks and Judges of Probate) keep such records in the condition
prescribed by law and that they ensure their safety and preservation. Mr.
Burt reports :
"We have supervised the building of new Town Halls in Somers and Warren
and the rebuilding of four others in Killingly, Lyme, Preston, and Ridgefield.
Six towns have completed new general indexes, three of them closed. Twelve
towns have built new vaults or additions. Five towns have purchased new safe
equipment. Three towns have completed photocopying their maps. Three towns
have purchased photocopying equipment ; and one town, Wethersfield, has com-
pleted microfilming its records from 1634 to 1951. Altogether, we have made
700 calls for the purpose of supervising work in the local offices or on other
state business.
"In the Vital Records Department, we have indexed the records of three early
churches and two volumes of private records, totaling about 24,000 index
cards. The 24th volume of Church Records has been completed and also a
general index for volumes 18 to 23 in the series, approximately 16,000 names.
During the year we have assisted over 600 searchers in the department and
have answered 950 letters on genealogical problems, each letter having from
one to ten queries.
The second report is by Miss Marjorie E. Case, Chief of the Local
History and Genealogy Department:
"This department has in its files and vaults what is probably the most ex-
tensive collection of published and manuscript material on Connecticut history
and genealogy, with a large supporting collection of local histories of other
states, especially in New England, and of genealogies of non-Connecticut fam-
ilies. Because of this fact, many people from all over Connecticut and the United
States, and occasionally some from other parts of the world, seek information
here either in person, by mail, or by phone. Not a day goes by without an
amateur or professional genealogist, a historian, or college student using our
vast accumulation of records and other material.
"Many students from Yale, Wesleyan, the University of Connecticut, and
Trinity use the library's facilities, particularly for American history. A history
professor at the University of Connecticut regularly introduces his American
history class and graduate students to this department, spending the better part
of an afternoon here at the beginning of each session to acquaint them with our
varied and extensive collections.
The third report is by Rockwell Harmon Potter, Jr., Chief of the
War Records Department :
"With the outbreak of the Korean trouble in June of 1950, the work of the
War Records Department entered a new phase. For the past five years we had
been attempting to collect and arrange records documenting Connecticut's part
in World War II and to maintain on a current basis our Veterans' Graves
Survey, which undertakes to record in one central place the burial spot of
every war veteran buried in Connecticut.
486 STATE LIBRARY
"When war came in Korea, we were given a chance to start at the beginning
and record history as it was made, a chance which had not been open to the
department in either World War I or World War II.
"From the experience gained on working with the records of World War II,
we came to the conclusion that the two most difficult fields to cover after the
fact are (a) military service rosters and casualty lists, and (b) industrial
production. And so we have concentrated during the past year in these two
areas.
"Our military service rosters and casualty lists are based on Defense Depart-
ment releases and newspaper clippings. While we cannot hope to obtain the
name of every Connecticut citizen who enters the armed forces, we do record
the great majority of these names, and our position in this respect will be a
great deal better than it was for World War II.
"In the matter of industrial production records, we are in an even more
favorable position comparative to World War II. Through the use of reports
issued by the Commerce and Labor Departments of the federal government, we
have been able to record the progress of industrial mobilization in Connecticut,
firm by firm and week by week, almost concurrent with that mobilizatioti
itself.
"While these activities have been pursued in connection with the Korean War,
we have also continued the task, begun in 1947, of collecting and recording the
military records of those Connecticut men and women who gave their lives in
World War II. A 'Memorial Record' form has been prepared and mailed to
the next of kin of over 6,000 of these Gold Star heroes."
The question of protecting the invaluable records of the state in case
of the outbreak of World War III is under careful study. The fact that
the original records of the state, from its settlement in 1635, are located
in the Library, poses a difficult problem. Microfilming is probably the
answer in the case of secondary material, but not in the case of many of the
records deposited here. Removal of such records to some locality outside
the danger zone appears to be the only solution.
MANSFIELD-SOUTHBURY SOCIAL
SERVICE DEPARTMENT
Established— 1924
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 2717 to 2719
Administrative head — Mrs. Harriett M. Dear-
den, Supervisor
Deputy administrator — Miss Pauline Davis, As-
sistant Supervisor
Central office — State Office Building, Room G-l ;
Telephone 7-6431, Ext. 2510
Average number of full-time employees — 15
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $49,100.63
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, $44,375.25.
Capital outlay, $33.28
The Mansfield-Southbury Social Service Department is a state agency
filling certain essential public needs with respect to the purpose and work
of the Mansfield State Training School and Hospital and the Southbury
Training School. It interprets to parents, and to the public generally, the
meaning of mental defect in the young, explains the state's facilities for the
care and training of those afflicted, and suggests how best to care for those
remaining in the home and community. Applications for admissions, both
to the Mansfield and Southbury Training Schools, are studied by the
Social Service Department and arrangements are made for admissions,
when vacancies exist, according to the urgency of circumstances in each
case. All applications are followed by visits to the home where a compre-
hensive case history is obtained. The department likewise investigates the
original home, or the working home, before placement of a person from
Mansfield. It supervises all on placement from Mansfield, and, as the
Southbury Social Service staff is not yet complete, the department is still
supervising 1 1 of its children on placement.
The department is directed by a Joint Committee which was legalized
by the 1947 General Assembly. It consists of three members of the board
487
488 MANSFIELD-SOUTHBURY SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT
of trustees of each training school as voting members and as ex-officio
members without vote, the Commissioner of Health, the Commissioner of
Welfare, and the secretary of the State Board of Education, and the super-
intendents of the training schools, and the directors of the Social Service
Departments of the Training Schools.
Mrs. John J. Whitehead, Jr., of Pomfret Center, is chairman of the
Joint Committee; John H. Donahoe, of Baltic, vice-chairman; Mrs. Lenore
H. Davidson, of Hamden, secretary.
Our regular staff of workers are concerned with the obtaining of ad-
mission histories on all children referred to the waiting list. As the training
schools are still more than filled to capacity and there is a waiting list of
773 persons, a check is made every few months by the workers to keep
the status of the cases up to date. This means a worker may visit the same
home many times as it may be years before admission of the child can be
effected. As only emergency cases can be admitted when vacancies occur,
those in the less urgent category have a long weary wait. Such delay may
and has caused many family disruptions. The growing waiting list has
been a source of worry and alarm to the training schools for several years.
In the past year 116 were admitted from the waiting list, a decrease of 51
from the previous year. Of the 116, 48 were admitted to Mansfield and
68 to Southbury.
Of the 773 now awaiting admission, 347 are on the list for Mansfield
and 426 for Southbury. There were 265 new referrals for admission during
the year ended June 30, 1951 — 126 for Mansfield and 139 for Southbury.
This does not represent the true number in the state in need of care and
training. Parents and agencies refrain from referring children to the waiting
list when it may be years before they can be admitted. Even with a highly
organized and highly successful program of community supervision there
will always be a certain percentage who will need institutionalization, even
though with some it may be only a period of adjustment and training.
On June 30, 1951, there were 451 on placement from the training
schools, 188 from Mansfield and 263 from Southbury. Sixty-three from
Mansfield were in working homes investigated by the department and 37
were working out from their own homes. Fifty-three from Southbury were
in working homes and 94 working out from their own homes. The amount
earned by these 247 boys and girls was wrell over $225,000. Not only were
they saving the state and towns considerable money but they were main-
taining themselves and in many cases their parents. The remaining 204
on placement were living with their families and relatives and were being
maintained by them. Twenty-nine were discharged from Mansfield place-
ment last year. Fourteen were self-supporting and one was partially self-
supporting.
Supervision of those on placement from the Mansfield Training School
is carried on by the workers. This involves regular home visits on children
living with their families and job finding for those eligible for working
placement. High grade mentally retarded individuals through guidance
and understanding can become productive and self-supporting. They are
employed in factories, restaurants, on farms, as domestic, in convalescent
homes, State institutions, hospitals, and in varied types of unskilled work.
Six of the young men on placement last year entered the armed services.
MANSFIELD-SOUTHBURY SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT 489
The boarding out program for middle-aged, middle grade level patients
from Mansfield increased after July 1, 1950, as funds were then available
to expand the project. New homes were obtained and we now have ten
women living in four homes which are visited monthly by a worker and
inspected twice yearly by a physician from Mansfield. This project has
worked out exceptionally well with a minimum of effort.
In addition to its regular work the department extends community
supervision to many on the waiting list and to others who need guidance
and supervision but not necessarily institutionalization. The State Bureau
of Mental Hygiene Division of Child Welfare, and State Bureau of Re-
habilitation continue to refer cases to us that are within our province to
service. This consists of counselling and advice in some cases, to job place-
ment and supervision in others. A few may require a period of training
in Mansfield or Southbury but in the main they are persons who can
adjust in the community if given guidance and supervision through the
initial period of coping with the workaday world.
The two workers, sponsored by the Joint Committee of Training
Schools for community work with the mentally retarded, have accom-
plished a great deal in the past year. One worker covers the Mansfield area
and the other works in the Southbury district. The endeavor has been to
stimulate interest in the problem of the mentally retarded among both lay
and professional people. A foundation was laid in New Haven when the
former field secretary for the Joint Committee was instrumental in form-
ing the Committee for Mentally Retarded. As planned, its members are
both lay and professional. The Southbury area worker has met regularly
with this committee. One of its plans, the establishing of a parent group
in the New Haven area, has already materialized. The previous February
in Bridgeport, the mother of a child on the waiting list for Southbury,
through the cooperation of the City Board of Education, courageously con-
tacted the parents of children similarly afflicted and invited them to form
a parent group for the help of mentally retarded children. The response was
most heartening and the group has forged ahead with great vigor. The
Southbury worker attends the meetings of this group regularly and is avail-
able for advice and suggestions.
Exactly a week after the formation of the Bridgeport group and in-
dependent of it about twenty parents and friends of the mentally retarded
met in the home of one of the parents. The Hartford Association for the
Help of Retarded Children, Inc., came into being. The Mansfield worker
implemented its formation by contacting many parents of children on our
waiting list and referring them to the two parents who were interested in
getting a group started. The worker and the supervisor have attended
subsequent meetings. Recently the Southbury worker contacted the Green-
wich Community Chest and Council. It was much interested in having its
committee on mentally retarded consider the formation of a parent group
and invited the worker to participate and advise.
The Mansfield Training School has for some time contemplated the
establishing of training classes in the community for children of pre-special
class level. This became an actuality on March 20th when the first class
of nine children met at Union Settlement in Hartford. A sense training
teacher was supplied by Mansfield. When the class grew to 14 and a
490 MANSFIELD-SOUTHBURY SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT
waiting list began accumulating, a second class was formed with 12 mem-
bers. Although each class met only once a week for a two-hour period,
the effect on the children and mothers was tremendous.
Several mothers remarked it would not be necessary to consider
Mansfield admission if training classes could meet the need in the com-
munity. Always the demand was for several classes a week rather than one.
This need will be met somewhat in the fall as arrangements are being
made in Hartford to conduct two classes a week, two days each. Further
expansion is planned as a training class will be started in New London
one day a week beginning in September. All the preliminary work of
forming these classes has been done principally by the Mansfield worker.
In addition to the special projects carried on by the two workers they
continue to visit individual cases where advice and help can be given.
JOINT COMMITTEE OF THE STATE TRAINING SCHOOLS
The Joint Committee of the Mansfield-Southbury Training Schools
was formed on a cooperative basis in December, 1939. Its main objective
at the time was the admission of children on the waiting list to the new
Southbury Training School to be opened in 1940. The Mansfield Social
Service Department was moved to Hartford, made responsible to the Joint
Committee, and has continued to handle all commitments to both schools.
The Joint Committee had two other objectives, sharing of common
problems and the education of the citizens of the state to the needs of
mentally retarded, not only in the training schools but in the community.
In sharing and discussing common problems, the Joint Committee has
never felt that the two schools should be identical, rather it has felt that
friendly competition was healthy. Standardization has been confined to
such areas as statistics, placement and discharge periods, admission dis-
tricts, and so forth.
Precommitment supervision is impossible without the assistance of
local agencies and parents of the children. Since 90 per cent of the retarded
live in the community, the efforts of the social workers must be to stim-
ulate local communities to meet their own problems through more and
better special programs in the public schools, special programs for children
excluded from schools, diagnostic and family service centers, meeting of
employment problems, and recreation programs for children shunted out
of normal group work programs. Connecticut now has four parent organ-
izations— Southbury Home and School Association formed in 1948, Bridge-
port Association of Parents and Friends of the Retarded, New Haven
Association of Parents and Friends of the Retarded, and Hartford Asso-
ciation for Help of Retarded Children, all formed within the last year.
Other groups are expected to form in Danbury, Greenwich, New London,
and Mansfield within the coming year.
The importance of these parent groups cannot be over emphasized as
they have the well-being of their children at heart as no one else can have.
They can be expected to militantly work for a better understanding of the
conditions of their children. Bridgeport, Hartford, and Southbury groups
have already joined the national association.
COMMISSIONERS OF STEAMSHIP TERMINALS
Established— 1911
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Re-
vision, Sections 4775 to 4779
Administrative head — Waldo E. Clarke, Engi-
neer-Secretary
Deputy administrator — M. J. Silva, Assistant En-
gineer-Secretary
Central office — State Pier, New London, Connec-
ticut. Telephone : New London 4338
Average number of full-time employees — 1
Funds for operations fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $106,480.00
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951- —
Recurring operating expenditures, $11,380.00
($3,500 grant in lieu of taxes to City of New
London; $3,500 for fire insurance premium on
state pier property and $4,380 personal services).
Other expenditures : $10,000 transferred to New
London funds for operations at the state pier and $63,562.79 for studies
in connection with the steel mill project.
Valuation (cost
$945,455.31
of plant — Replacement cost less depreciation, estimated
The Commissioners of Steamship Terminals have jurisdiction over the
facilities popularly known as the State Pier, which is situated on New
London Harbor waterfront. The property occupies twelve acres of land
and includes a comparatively modern steamship pier 1,000 feet long, 200
feet wide, having 34 feet of water alongside at mean low tide. A two-story
warehouse on the pier affords 200,000 square feet of floor space giving
storage capacity of about 25,000 tons. A yard shed constructed of cinder
blocks 50 feet wide by 200 feet long contains a trucking terminal and a
U. S. Customs Bonded Warehouse. Presently these facilities are operated
under lease between the Connecticut Terminal Company, Inc., and the
Commissioners of Steamship Terminals. Offices of both are situated in a
frame building adjacent to the Pier. The facilities were completed in 1919-
1920 at a cost slightly in excess of one million dollars to the State of
Connecticut.
491
492 COMMISSIONERS OF STEAMSHIP TERMINALS
There are five members of the Commissioners of Steamship Ter-
minals appointed by the Governor for six-year terms with advice and
consent of the Senate ; the Governor and the mayor of New London being
members ex-officio. The commissioners as of June 30, 1951, were:
Carl W. Taylor, chairman, Hamden ; Earl W. Stamm, treasurer,
New London ; John C. Barry, Portland ; Joseph J. Fauliso, legal mem-
ber, Hartford ; Perry T. Shafner, New London.
There was transferred during the current fiscal year to the State
Treasurer the sum of $31,364.00.
A total of $13,264.60 was paid during the year for maintenance work-
on the property.
All monies collected by the commission are transmitted to the State
Treasurer and credited to the State Pier Fund for use by the commission.
As of June 30th, 1951, this fund amounted to $338,865.36.
During the calendar year 1950 a total of 27 large ocean-going ves-
sels, besides numerous smaller crafts used the facilities of the State Pier.
The larger vessels discharged a total of 44,242 tons of lumber, cotton,
wood pulp, granite, etc., valued at approximately $7,250,000.
A large quantity of cherries, olives, potatoes, automobiles, etc., were
handled through the warehouse and approximately 30,000.000 board feet
of lumber handled through the yard.
Industrialization program is being carried on strenuously by this
commission to interest various types of manufacture to locate in the eastern
Connecticut area.
PARK AND FOREST COMMISSION
Established— 1921
Statutory authority—
sion, Chapter 153
Administrative head-
rector
-General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
— Donald C. Mathews, Di-
ta£fiSS»SZ^C£^^3
Central office — State Office Building, Room 450;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 2304
Average number of full-time employees — 215
funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation, $794,233.00 ; Federal
funds, $65,028.00; Other sources, $289,137.00.
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures, State Funds,
$658,224.00 ; Federal funds, $65,028.00; Self sus-
taining funds $195,243. Capital outlay State funds
$77,125.00 ; All other, $41,129.00.
Valuation of property, exclusive of land — $3,143,-
214.00
The State Park and Forest Commission is responsible for the operation,
maintenance and development of areas under its jurisdiction.
Members of the Commission are appointed by the Governor with the
advice and consent of the Senate for six year terms, two members being
named during each regular session of the Legislature. Present Commissioners,
their places of residence, and the expiration dates of their terms of office
follow :
George A. Garratt, Chairman, Hamden, September 1, 1955
Edward C. Childs, Vice Chairman, Norfolk, September 1, 1953
Julian H. Norton, Treasurer, Bristol, September 1, 1953
Joseph W. Powdrell, Brooklyn, September 1, 1957
Arthur J. Stanley, West Hartford, September 1, 1955
George C. Waldo, Fairfield, September 1, 1957
Meetings of the Commission are held monthly at Commission head-
quarters in the State Office Building, or oftener when necessity arises.
Donald C. Mathews is Director of the agency and Secretary of the
Commission. Members of the Commission determine all matters of policy
and procedure of business, and the Director is responsible to the Commis-
sion for the operation and direction of the policies and plans adopted by
the Commission.
493
494 PARK AND FOREST COMMISSION
The work of the Commission is divided into the Divisions of Parks and
Forests. The Superintendent of State Parks is Elliott P. Bronson. State
Forester and State Fire Warden is W. Foster Schreeder.
The average number of full time employees is 215, but this number does
not include approximately 300 seasonal employees hired only during the
summer recreational season, nor does it include approximately 760 Fire
Wardens and 3,200 trained forest fire fighters.
It is the overall policy of the Commission to protect, maintain and de-
velop all lands under its supervision, and to provide the maximum practical
recreational facilities for the greatest number of people consistent with the
conservation of natural resources of these many properties. In this direc-
tion the commission desires to preserve and enhance the value of the forests,
parks, streams and natural facilities, and to provide assistance to private
landowners so that adequate forest areas will be perpetuated in the State.
STATE PARKS DIVISION
Over 2,634,000 people visited Connecticut State parks during the
calendar year 1950. This was approximately 500,000 less than the preceding
year's total, due undoubtedly to adverse weather conditions during the
early summer months.
Two new state parks were acquired during the period. A very generous
gift of 350 acres in Derby and Ansonia made by Mrs. Frances Osborne
Kellogg added another valuable recreational tract to the Connecticut park
system. By Mrs. Kellogg's request the park is known as Osbornedale State
Park commemorating her family name.
In the town of Thompson an area formerly administered by the
Forestry division was transferred to the park division and is known as
Quaddick State Park. There is a swimming beach at the location and attrac-
tive picnic areas. Preliminary development had been done by the Forestry
division under a special appropriation provided by the General Assembly.
From a bequest of the Carrington family an additional thirty acres was
purchased adjacent to Kettletown State Park, together with a right of
access to the waters of Lake Zoar and the control of the waters in the so-
called lagoon or cove at this area. This acquisition will permit the develop-
ment of a swimming area at this location at some future date.
The picnic area at Bigelow Hollow State Park in Union was extended
and preliminary work on a road leading through the Park to Mashapaug
Lake was completed.
Under the provisions of Public Act No. 1, Special Session of 1949,
many park roads have been oiled by the State Highway department for the
first time.
A storm of hurricane intensity on November 25, 1950 swept away a
number of buildings at Hammonasset Beach State Park, and seriously dam-
aged the roofs or the pavilion and large bathhouses, washed away portions
of the Meigs Point Road, and destroyed the retainer wall in front of the
office building at Sherwood Island State Park.
Many hemlock, pine, and other softwoods specie were uprooted at West
Peak and Whittemore Glen Parks. A pine grove at Sleeping Giant was
destroyed, as were many individual trees at Rocky Glen and Wooster Moun-
tain. Salvage operations occupied most of the maintenance force a good part
PARK AND FOREST COMMISSION 495
of the winter months. Seventy-five hundred hoard feet of timher was sal-
vaged.at West Peak, 50,000 at Sleeping Giant, 50,000 at Whittemore Glen,
and 20,000 hoard feet from various other areas, including some large trees
from Penwood State Park in Bloomfield. It will take years to heal the scars
left by this one storm.
The buildings at Hammonasset were replaced and partial repairs have
been made to the damaged roofs. The sea wall at Sherwood Island was re-
placed.
During the fiscal year examination was held for the newly created posi-
tion of Ranger, Grade II. A second grade Ranger with a higher salary
bracket is an administrative officer in charge of a park that has a visitor
load of 150,000 people per year or more. Six such parks come in this cate-
gory : Rocky Neck, Hammonasset, Sherwood Island, Indian Well, Squantz
Pond, and Wharton Brook. Promotions were made from the Ranger force
to fill these six positions. Because of the newly acquired parks to the system
three more Ranger, Grade I, positions were established and these have been
filled provisionally. Rangers in the Park Division total 23.
In order to equalize work load and allow both district park supervisors
equal understanding with the problems in both areas the eastern and west-
ern district supervisors were assigned one to the other's territory on a tem-
porary basis.
A Park Rangers' school was held at Dennis Hill State Park for all of
the Rangers. For a period of one week they lived together and studied to-
gether, thus becoming familiar with each other's problems and with the
policies of the commission and the operational and development aims of
the division.
With the heavy park visitor use of the past two years it is apparent that
certain fundamental development must be undertaken in the very near future
to maintain the safety, comfort, and the satisfaction of those using the park
areas. Among the larger problems that must be met are the control of beach
erosion at Sherwood Island and Hammonasset, a re-vamp of the layout of
Hammonasset Beach State Park, particularly to provide better access to the
beach for day visitors and a re-adjustment of the short term intermediate
camp ground where the conditions are so crowded as to result in a health
and fire menace.
The Connecticut Park system contains some of the finest potential parks
located anywhere in the eastern part of the United States, and it is essential
that the General Assembly recognize the need for adequate sanitary facili-
ties.
STATE FORESTS DIVISION
The Forestry Division has four major functions :
1 . The prevention and suppression of forest fires in all woodland
areas of the State, approximating two thirds of the total area of
the State.
2. The management and operation of State Forests.
3. Assistance to woodland owners of the State.
4. The raising and distribution through sale of forest tree nursery
stock.
496 PARK AND FOREST COMMISSION
Forest Fires: The prevention and suppression of forest fires is the most
important function and the one in which the greatest progress has heen made.
During the fiscal year there was a total of 524 fires that burned 2,481 acres,
or an average of 4.7 acres per fire. The number of fires is a reduction of
approximately one-fourth as compared with the 1949-50 period, despite the
fact that an extremely bad fire weather condition existed during the 1951
spring season. The high hazard conditions accounted for the average size of
the fires being greater than the previous year. One fire covering approxi-
mately 7,000 acres swept across the northeast corner of Connecticut from
Massachusetts into Rhode Island and burned 563 acres in Connecticut. This
fire alone is largely responsible for the increased average size of fires. Since
1947 the number of forest fires has averaged 569 as compared to a fifteen
year average of 1,187. These results, which have placed the record of Con-
necticut among the first and the best in the country, can be attributed to
the continued educational program made possible by the excellent coopera-
tion of Connecticut's commercial radio stations and newspapers, without
whose assistance this record could not have been achieved.
In the spring of 1951 twenty seven commercial radio stations in the
state broadcast more than 7,000 forest fire weather warnings which were
prepared from data gathered by personnel of this Commission in cooperation
with the United States Weather Bureau.
MANAGEMENT OF STATE FORESTS
The Division has cooperated with the State Board of Fisheries and
Game on wildlife management projects in Mohawk, Tunxis, Salmon River,
Naugatuck, Nipmuck, Nye Holman, and Meshomasic Forests.
The demand for charcoal in the State continues to increase and an at-
tempt to alleviate this shortage has been made by constructing several small
kilns on state forests at Pachaug, Meshomasic, and Cockaponset. Additional
kilns are in the process of construction.
Studies on wood preservatives for highway posts have been concluded
and the results were applied at several forests where posts have been pro-
duced from red pine plantations.
The Quaddick Reservoir recreational area development was completed
and the administration turned over to the Park Division. The most inten-
sive work in the management of state forests was done on the plantations
where a continuing program of weeding and thinning is in progress. By and
large the plantations are in good condition.
The purchase of certain milling equipment has made possible the pro-
duction of lumber from state forest timber for the exclusive use of the Com-
mission and other state agencies. This will be a continuing program whereby
fence posts, park picnic tables, and other items will be provided.
ASSISTANCE TO WOODLAND OWNERS
The four men now known as Service Foresters (formerly Farm For-
esters) have continued to work with the landowners of the state and have
been able to render increasing assistance in the way of advice and super-
vision of private woodlots. A file of each visit to landowners is maintained
PARK AND FOREST COMMISSION 497
and where more than a casual inspection is made a ten year management
plan has been prepared for the landowner. The service foresters gave assis-
tance exclusive of actual planting to 512 landowners and worked on over
17,635 acres of private forest land. The service foresters also assisted 81
forest product operators.
FOREST NURSERY
The forest nursery at Pleasant Valley has been developed to a major
function of the commission through enlargement of the area and increased
production. The 1951 General Assembly appropriated $20,000 to the
Forest Nursery fund, making this development possible. It is still necessary,
however, to procure some seedlings from other sources since the expanded
program will not yield the desired quantities of small trees until 1953. A pro-
gram whereby a million and a half seedlings will be supplied each year has
been started. To achieve this seed beds were planted, many of them with
seed collected from state forest plantations. During the spring of 1951, 273,-
000 seedlings, in addition to 283,000 transplants, or a total of 556,000 were
shipped from the nursery. This is approximately one third of the annual
production expected by 1953.
FORT GRISWOLD AND GROTON
MONUMENT COMMISSION
Established— 1905
Statutory authority — Special Acts, No. 388, 1905,
and No. 99, 1931.
Administrative head — Miss M. Adelaide Ran-
dall, President
Central office — Groton (home of President)
Average number of full-time employees — 1
■wjuiiii »ii i iiiii'i'Iijjuiu tmium
The following served as members of the board of trustees of the Fort
Griswold and Groton Monument Commission during the period covered
by this report : E. Malcolm Stannard, Columbia, President ; Mrs. Nola
Leffingwell Fletcher, Groton, Secretary; Mrs. Virginia Smith Balf, West
Hartford, Treasurer; Elmer H. Spaulding, New London; Mrs. Mary
Russell Valente, Hartford ; Mrs. Margaret Hartnett Orefice, Windsor ;
Mrs. Antoinette M. Dunne, Farmington.
The newly appointed members of the board of this agency, which has
charge of the care of the Revolutionary War battleground and memorial
on Groton Heights, are : Miss M. Adelaide Randall, Groton, President :
Mrs. Frances Hill Jones, Noank, Secretary; Charles B. Gardner, New
London, Treasurer ; Mrs. Dorcas W. Brogan, Groton ; Mrs. Mary E. Peck-
bam, Preston ; Frederic B. Allyn, Ledyard.
During the year, with the aid of a release of previously restricted
appropriations, the commission succeeded in completing renovation of the
Monument House, in which structure is housed a priceless heirloom ex-
hibit loaned by Anna Warner Bailey Chapter, DAR.
498
FORT GRISWOLD AND GROTON MONUMENT COMMISSION 499
It is hoped that in the immediate future sufficient funds will be al-
lotted to allow re-pointing of the Groton Monument masonry ; also that a
continuing program of grounds improvement will be launched to provide
economical property maintenance. The commission would like to see the
old lower battery replaced. Guns there were donated to the scrap metal
drive during the recent war.
The commission has gone on record as opposing the use of the
historic fort landing area on the Thames by the Borough of Groton as a
site for a sewage disposal plant. During the year several hundred registered
as visitors at this property, which the commission would like to see used
more fully as a park.
HENRY WHITFIELD HISTORICAL MUSEUM
Established— -1899
Statutory authority — Special Bill 1898
Administrative head — Horatio H. Armstrong,
President of the Board
Deputy administrator — Miss Lois North, Mu-
seum Curator
Central office — Henry Whitfield House, Guilford.
Telephone 81
Average number of full-time employees — 1
Organisation structure — Board of Trustees, Cura-
tor, 2 Helpers (Cleaning and Grounds Care)
During the past year 7,137 visitors were welcomed, shown about the
museum and premises by experienced attendants and for at least a moment
saw and participated in life of seventeenth century residents of Connecticut.
Many visitors are from out of the state of Connecticut. By adding to our
exhibits of seventeenth century furniture and living utensils, by changing
furnishings from time to time we try to encourage return engagements. We
are also cooperating with the educational authorities to encourage visiting
groups from the various schools.
The year 1952 will mark the fiftieth anniversary of the Henry Whit-
field House as a museum. It is managed by a board of trustees, commis-
sioned by the Governor, serving without remuneration. Miss Lois North
is Curator. The Trustees are : Horatio H. Amstrong of Hartford, presi-
dent ; Roy D. Bassette, West Hartford, vice-president ; Mrs. R. T. H.
Halsey, New Haven, secretary ; Leon P. Beckwith, Guilford, treasurer ;
Mrs. Alfred E. Hammer, Branford ; Curtis Johnson, Deep River ; Thomas
J. Page, Guilford ; Leslie I. Dudley, Guilford, ex-officio.
500
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
~JU Established— July 3, 1895
Statutory authority — General Statutes, 1949 Revi-
sion, Chapter 107
Administrative head — G. Albert Hill
Central office — 165 Capitol Ave., Hartford;
Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 315
Average number of full-time employees — 2,800
Net Receipts from Gasoline Taxes, Licenses, Fees $29,191,516.26
Rents & Royalties 485,998.01
Proceeds of Sales of Commodities & Services 119,703.95
Receipts from Towns on State Aid 89,866.51
Sale of Property 51,322.92
Reimbursements 451,200.56
Realized from Investments 159,075.29
Federal Grants 4,228,449.88
Parkway Tolls 1,615,378.34
$36,392,511.72
Expenditures Fiscal Year 1950-1951 —
Administration 1,003,727.58
Maintenance 7,376,319.63
Construction 14,155,953.47
Town Assistance 6,999,862.34
Land, Buildings and Equipment 265,596.00
Payment of Principal & Interest of Bonds 1,018,690.00
Reimbursable Expenditures 398,573.72
Other Expenditures 261,399.25
Wilbur Cross Parkway 1,680,798.91
$33,160,920.90
501
502 HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
Operations of the State Highway Department followed much the same
pattern for 1950-1951 that prevailed in 1949-1950. Sources and rates of
income remained unchanged. In general, income gains caused by more motor
vehicles and more gasoline consumption were offset by expanding mainte-
nance responsibilities and the upward price trend for all materials and ser-
vices going into the highway system.
Bids were opened on 107 projects with a total value of $12,420,218.
Eight of these, with a value of $360,349, were rejected. Manpower needs
brought about a change in policy whereby some tree-removal work was let
under contract instead of being performed entirely by department personnel.
Traffic engineering activities for the State Traffic Commission provided
completion of work on 322 locations and the quality of the work in this
field brought a second consecutive national award from the Institute of
Traffic Engineers.
As of January 3, 1951 the highway commissioner assumed the adminis-
trative functions covering the state's three toll bridges under terms of an act
of the General Assembly which effected the transfer and the abolition of the
three commissions.
Special research has been carried on in the department laboratory cover-
ing specifications for bituminous concrete and at the same time continuing
routine tests have been made on raw materials and finished pavements.
At the close of the fiscal year the official staff of the department was
composed of the following :
Commissioner, G. Albert Hill ; Principal Technical Highway Engineer,
Warren M. Creamer ; Highway Personnel Administrator, Francis P.
Hogan ; Executive Assistant, Public Relations, William C. Murray ; Safety
Engineer, Arthur Addison ; Engineer of Maintenance, Albert L. Donnelly ;
Engineer of Roadside Development, John L. Wright ; Engineer of Con-
struction, M. A. Tyack ; Engineer of Bridges and Structures, John F.
Willis ; Engineer of Traffic Control, W. H. Sharp ; Director, Bureau of
Traffic-Planning-Design, Curtis J. Hooper; Assistant Director, Bureau of
Traffic-Planning-Design, M. Alfred Kaehrle ; Engineer of Surveys and
Plans, Ernest T. Perkins ; Engineer of Highway Design, Peter L. Thomson ;
Engineer of Bridge Design, Joseph D. Drury ; Division of Economics, David
S. Johnson ; Division of Traffic Control, Earl W. Osterhoudt ; Associate
Highway Engineer, John Soehrens ; Engineer of Foundations, Philip Keene ;
Director of Bureau of Rights of Way, Edward F. Harris ; Chief Examiner
of Titles and Records, Donald Piper ; Supervisor of Right of Way Pur-
chases, Harry Ganz ; Valuation Engineer, Harrison W. Hill ; Engineer of
Highway Boundaries, William A. Reynolds ; Materials Engineer, Raymond
T. Healy ; Engineer of Physical Tests, Thomas W. Cavanaugh ; Engineer
of Chemical Tests, W. R. Drescher ; Business Manager, A. M. Walters ;
Chief Accountant, Floyd E. Hough ; Acting Purchase Coordinator, Elton
Reid ; Superintendent of Property, J. Ernest Vehring ; Division of Miscel-
laneous Services, Adam F. Knurek; Engineer, District I, Edwin B. Bur-
dick; Engineer, District II, Walter Schuler; Engineer, District III, Elwood
T. Nettleton ; Engineer, District IV, Edward S. Lawler.
Earl F. Streeter, Chief Examiner of Titles and Records, retired October
17, 1950 for reasons of disability after 26 years of service, all of it in the
right of way bureau. *
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT 503
Otto G. Beyer, Highway Purchases Coordinator, retired June 30, 1951
after 30 years of service.
The principal technical highway engineer, as chairman of the committee
on geometric design standards created in 1948, published the booklet en-
titled, "Geometric Highway Design Standards" which will provide uni-
formity in design, and a network of highways which are adapted to the
traffic using the various sections of this network.
By action of the 1949 Legislature, the three toll bridges at Hartford,
New London and Old Saybrook became a part, of the highway department
on January 3, 1951, thereby adding approximately 100 employees to the de-
partment roster. A third toll station was constructed at Wallingford which
began operations in June with 29 employees. The superintendent, the five
supervisors and several of the collectors were transferred from the bridges
and other toll stations, which made recruitment for replacements a difficult
and complicated process. The armed forces have taken, up to July 1, nearly
100 employees, of whom 50 have left during the past year. Higher wages in
defense industries have taken some hourly paid men.
A "Handbook of Safe Practices" has been published and placed in the
hands of each department employee for guidance and instruction. A "Driver
Training Program" is currently in operation with driver-trainers in each
district selected for their driving record and ability. Over 400 field em-
ployees of the department have received injections for the prevention of
Poison Ivy Dermatitis, administered by the State Department of Health.
A Maintenance Production Study, the first conducted in the country of
state highway department maintenance activities, was started in August,
1950 to cover all phases of work for a full year. The United States Bureau
of Public Roads is furnishing a group of analytical experts under the direc-
tion of F. B. Farrell, chief of the highway cost section of the bureau and
his assistant, M. J. Kilpatrick. The Warehouse Point sub-section which was
chosen to cover both rural and urban environments, comprises 260 miles of
state highways.
In the summer of 1950 the second five year field study was made by
the Connecticut Experiment Station of the selected guide rail posts on the
state highway system for various species and preservative treatments. These
were tagged and recorded in 1941 for experimental purposes on recom-
mendation of a committee of timber experts, including George A. Garrett,
Dean of the Yale Forestry School, and Henry W. Hicock, Forester of the
Connecticut Experimental Station. The tests made in 1950 showed no de-
terioration in the posts now adopted as standard. Further checks on experi-
mental posts will be made in 1955.
An experiment was started in the winter of 1949-50 in the rental of 23
contractors trucks for snow and ice work. These replaced the extra trucks
formerly required in winter, which had become old and were taken out of
service. The experiment was extended to include 45 contractors trucks in
the winter of 1950-51 with an indicated saving of $48,000 in personal ser-
vices. Rentals are obtained through advertised bids under strict specifica-
tions.
The construction examiner for maintenance carried on the regular du-
ties in connection with the maintenance viewpoint in all preliminary field
inspections of proposed construction projects, checking plans prior to letting
504 HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
contracts and in final field inspections of projects before construction is
completed. Field inspection is now participated in by the field engineer of
design, the designer of the project, the assistant staff engineer of mainte-
nance, and roadside development, the district engineers of surveys, con-
struction and maintenance, and a rights-of-way engineer.
The office maintenance engineer handled correspondence on general
maintenance policies, assisted in the Maintenance Production Study in
Warehouse Point, acted as liaison between this office, the division engineer
of maintenance, the Bureau of Public Roads and other state highway de-
partments, kept up-to-date map records of all roads under the jurisdiction
of this department, kept up-to-date information of traveling conditions dur-
ing severe storms and assisted on some phases of mud jacking operations.
The engineer of roadside development and the landscape engineers in
his section have devoted the major portion of their time to plans for the
development of the roadsides on all new construction projects and on better-
ment projects on older highways where roadsides were disturbed. In addi-
tion, continuous advice was given to the district engineers to effect the
greatest possible efficiency and economy in roadside maintenance activities.
This spring agreements were made with a number of towns throughout
the state to apply a dormant D.D.T. spray on the elms within the state high-
way borders in each town, provided the towns would spray the elms located
along their roads. In all, some 16,000 elms were sprayed by state forces in
35 towns to control Dutch elm disease.
A promising series of tests in the use of maleic hydrazide to inhibit the
growth of turf was instituted this Spring in cooperation with the Naugatuck
Chemical Company on the median strip and roadsides of the Wilbur Cross
Parkway. If these tests prove successful, a considerable saving should result
through the elimination of much of the costly mowing.
During the fiscal year 1950-51, the office of the engineer of construc-
tion received 99 awarded contracts from the contract division for a total bid
amount of $12,059,869. It processed 105 construction projects by town
forces amounting to $863,160, and 215 maintenance projects by town forces
amounting to $3,972,771. Approximately 2,200 intermediate and 280 final
estimates have been processed to pay for construction work completed dur-
ing this same period.
The fiscal year started with 51 federal aid projects and closed with
42 projects, a net loss of 9, caused by reduced funds in the fourth quarter
of the fiscal year and the institution of additional materials control by the
Federal Government.
As an additional safety feature the department adopted the recommen-
dations of the American Association of State Highway Officials for the
marking on the pavement of passing and no passing zones.
The no passing zones consist of a double four inch painted line. Where
passing is permitted in one direction only, a single four-inch solid line is
used on the no passing side and on the other side a skip line consisting of
fifteen-foot lines, four inches wide, with twenty-five-foot gaps between. For
passing in either direction a single skip line is used. All pavement lines are
reflectorized.
A new mobile pavement marking machine, built by the department at
its machine shop in Portland, was put into operation this year. It marks the
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT 505
pavement at the rate of twelve miles per hour. During the calendar year
of 1950, 3,477 miles of highway were painted at an average cost of $31.00
per mile.
For transportation over state highways by vehicles that exceed the
legal weight, length, width and height, 7,400 permits were issued from
July 1, 1950 to July 1, 1951.
BUREAU OF TRAFFIC-PLANNING-DESIGN
Because of the size and ramifications of the task confronting the
bureau of traffic-planning-design it seems best to treat activities by
divisions.
The traffic division completed 433 traffic engineering surveys during
the past year. A majority developed from complaints of individuals or
requests by municipal or town traffic authorities.
From data supplied by district traffic investigators, the traffic division
has prepared reports for submission to the State Traffic Commission
which have resulted in the establishment of traffic regulations at 322 loca-
tions on the state highway system. The division was also responsible for
the correction of poor sightline conditions at nine intersections as well as
recommending the installation of traffic controls at 102 locations.
The adoption of a departmental policy permitting the use of highway
funds for signalization has provided signal control at 21 intersections.
Origin-destination studies were conducted in Farmington and Old
Lyme. Analysis was completed on the former study and is in process on
the latter as well as on other origin-destination studies made in prior years.
Reports printed for publication distribution were "Route 25 Improve-
ment in New Milford," "Improvement of Cross Street in Norwalk,"
"Route U. S. 1 Improvement from Guilford to Westbrook," "U. S. 1-
Bridgeport" and "Route 9 from Granby to Hartford." Planning reports,
for departmental use, were completed, or are in various stages of com-
pletion, on major projects in New Britain, Wethersfield, Greenwich,
Norwalk, Ansonia, Derby, Seymour, East Hartford, Glastonbury, Hart-
ford; New Haven, West Haven, East Haven, Vernon, Tolland, Willington
and Ashford.
The Mapping (and Photography) section completed record maps for
town aid allocations for most of the state. Aerial topographic maps at scales
of 40, 100 and 200 feet to the inch were completed under contract for Green-
wich, East Hartford, Glastonbury, Mansfield, North Windham and Crom-
well. Cooperative mapping of the state at a scale of 1 : 31680 was continued
by the U. S. Geological Survey. Geometric design standards and planning
maps and diagrams were drafted and printed for public distribution. A
bridge record for defense requirements was completed for the U. S. Bureau
of Public Roads.
The Highway Design Section completed 105 projects for advertising
for bids during the fiscal year. A project ready for advertising includes not
only a completely detailed set of plans, but also the required specifications,
cost estimates and various contract documents. On Federal aid projects,
clearance of plans, specifications and estimates must be obtained from the
Bureau of Public Roads. Many details of construction have to be cleared
with local authorities, this being especially so in urban areas where difficult
506 HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
design problems are constantly arising. All maps for acquisition of required
rights of way are prepared in the highway design section. The research unit
has been organized and several projects on structural problems are now
underway. The 105 projects completed for advertising involved the follow-
ing lengths, group classification and low bid values : Federal Aid Primary,
17 projects— 6.69 miles — $5,708,058.25 ; Federal Aid Secondary, 9 projects
—3.93 miles— $1,307,922.26 ; trunk line, 23 projects— 14.84 miles— $1,332,-
902.70; town aid, 33 projects— 17.23 miles— $665,746.46 ; Wilbur Cross
Parkway, 3 projects— $102,197.60; New Haven Harbor, 4 projects— $887,-
652.09, and miscellaneous, 16 projects — $287,313.61. Included in the proj-
ects listed, were 45 structures designed by the bridge design section. These
structures account for $3,120,364.25 of the above-listed low bids. Eight
projects were also completed for which no advertising date has been set. Six
additional projects were completed and are scheduled for advertising early
in the next fiscal year. As the fiscal year closes, there are 64 projects in
various stages of design.
The bridge design section completed the design of 59 structures of vari-
ous types during the fiscal year. Two major structures were included in
those for which designs were completed, the Lake Zoar Bridge in the towns
of Newtown and Southbury, and the Farmington River Bridge at Poquo-
nock in Windsor. The low bid for the former was $1,629,173.00, and for
latter, $584,296.88. Preliminary studies have been completed for the State
Street Bridge between Hartford and East Hartford, and the type of struc-
ture decided upon. Twenty-two projects are now in various stages of design.
To provide a greater degree of protection for vehicles traveling over struc-
tures, a barrier type railing has been developed and should effectively con-
fine vehicles to the structure. First installation is to be on the Charter Oak
Bridge at Hartford.
The location planning and survey section conducts major route studies
and directs the making of required reconnaissance, preliminary and location
surveys. Location surveys were completed for the following major bridge
and highway projects : Housatonic River Bridge in New Milford, Shetucket
River Bridges in Norwich, Railroad-highway grade separation in Wilton
and Redding, Wilbur Cross Highway from Vernon to Union ; widening
relocated route U. S. 1 in East Lyme and Waterford, and the relocation of
routes Conn. 9 and 17 in Middletown. Surveys now under way on major
bridge and highway projects include the Hartford-East Hartford State
Street Bridge and Riverfront Expressway ; relocation of various sections
of route U. S. 6, shoulder construction on the Merritt Parkway. Aerial
topographic surveys totaling nearly 39 miles in length were completed by
contract and the required checking performed by the district forces. Loca-
tion planning studies covering the analyses of alternate routes for determina-
tion of specific locations were conducted on the Hartford-East Hartford
State Street Bridge and Riverfront Expressway, relocation of route U. S. 1
in the Norwalk, Bridgeport and New Haven to Westbrook areas, relocation
(if route U. S. 6 in the Southbury and New Britain areas, route Conn. 8 in
Seymour and the East — West Expressway in the Hartford area.
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT 507
BUREAU OF RIGHTS OF WAY
The activities of the bureau of rights of way have again exceeded those
for any period previously reported. The present trend of constructing ex-
pressways through urban areas imposes a formidable burden upon the
bureau since the values of properties for these projects are much higher
than those which prevail in building rural roads. Title work has of necessity
been complicated by the change as has also the degree of precision in es-
tablishing exact boundaries. Further, the present rapid shrinkage in the dol-
lar value materially contributes to the difficulties of negotiations.
Home shortages in urban areas have compelled the bureau to extend
every effort toward assisting families who are forced to give up properties
for state projects.
Total right of way payments for this period amounted to $2,073,113.49,
committments were made in the sum of $2,750,068.02, and unliquidated
payments amount to $676,954.53. The sale of excess right of way approxi-
mated $59,000 in value.
The division of boundary and geodetic surveys has completed and
filed maps of eleven sections of right of way totaling approximately eleven
miles, and has filed 28 right of way map revisions.
The Connecticut Geodetic Survey personnel, augmented when neces-
sary by men loaned by the division of survey and plans, has completed six
triangulation-traverse ties and approximately thirty miles of traverse.
BUREAU OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING
The bureau of materials engineering routine work is continuing to in-
crease each year. Inspection of bituminous concrete has increased three fold.
A great deal of control is necessary at the plants where the material is pro-
duced and the Bureau has increased its personnel and equipment to make
these necessary tests. There are more vendors selling liquid bituminous ma-
terial to the state this year which requires more bituminous inspectors sam-
pling and weighing material at these plants.
This past year work was continued on the waterproofing concrete pave-
ment by use of light water gas tar. In the laboratory it was found that this
light water gas tar does help the concrete to resist the action of chlorides
used to remove ice and snow. The past two winters have been so mild that
results on pavement were not conclusive.
Research work on bituminous concrete covered different mixes made
in the laboratory. They have been given the Compression Immersion Test,
the Hubbard Field Test, etc. From the results of these tests and the analyses
of samples of pavement laid in past years new bituminous concrete specifica-
tions have been tried. If the new pavement proves as durable as the labora-
tory tests indicate, some of the older specifications will be revised.
BUREAU OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
By act of the General Assembly, the Charter Oak Bridge, the Gold
Star Memorial Bridge and the Raymond E. Baldwin Bridge were made re-
sponsibilities of the highway commissioner January 3, 1951. The three
bridge managers report directly to the business manager.
508 HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
The Charter Oak Bridge produced $1,106,894.05 in revenue for the
fiscal year, exceeding the fiscal requirements for the remaining term of the
bond issue. A toll reduction was effective early part of the fiscal year.
For the fifth time passenger car commutation rates were reduced on the
Groton-New London Bridge, the present rate now being two and one-half
cents per crossing. Altogether 6,526,747 vehicles used this bridge in the
twelve month period, of which 4,650,000 passenger cars crossed using the
low 2.5-cent rate. The 1951 legislature passed an act naming this structure
the "Gold Star Memorial Bridge" in memory of those lost in recent wars.
There was a decrease of 31,070 vehicles passing over the Raymond E.
Baldwin Bridge from the previous 2,506,911 vehicles. The toll lanes pro-
duced $54,003.98 more revenue, due to an increase in commercial vehicle
rates.
The town aid agent as personal representative of the commissioner car-
ried on all negotiations with the several towns, cities and boroughs involving
the expenditures of town aid funds (Section 2170) and unimproved road
funds (Section 2177).
State aid funds amounting to $287,000 remaining unexpended on June
30, 1950 were cancelled and reverted to the state. The situation was adjusted
by the 1951 General Assembly when a bill providing for the reactivation of
these funds for one year was adopted and signed by Governor Lodge. The
cities and towns benefitting by this legislation, Public Act No. 57 of the 1951
General Assembly, have been advised by the town aid agent as to the amount
available to them and offered any needed help in the preparation of neces-
sary agreements for the use of these funds.
The contract division opened bids on 107 projects totaling $12,420,218.
Of these there were eight bids rejected for cause totaling $360,349. The first
contracts for tree removals on state highways and contracts for the adminis-
tration building, toll booths and toll plaza at Wallingford were awarded.
Bids for the operation of the Orange gasoline station on the Wilbur Cross
Parkway were received and the contract awarded.
The division of accounts, functions as a centralized accounting office for
all bureaus and districts of the department. In the past year the tabulating
section, which was previously almost entirely a punch card accounting unit,
has extended its activities to include certain personnel statistics, accident
analyses and inventory tabulation work which was formerly processed
through tabulating equipment located in another bureau.
A new report on a functional budget basis is designed to supply all types
of cost information to administrative personnel. This inludes financial and
operating statements.
The first toll was collected at the Wallingford Toll Station at 12 noon
June 20, 1951. Traffic at the Greenwich and Milford Toll Stations has ex-
ceeded all previous records, the total for the fiscal year at Greenwich being
9,212,742 vehicles and at Milford 7,060,569. On the last day of the fiscal
year June 30, 1951, 55,759 vehicles passed through the Greenwich Station
which exceeded the previous daily high of 54,159 cars which was established
On Labor Day 1940. Construction of two additional toll booths at Greenwich
was necessitated by this increased traffic and has greatly increased efficiency
in handling traffic on weekends and holidays.
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT 509
The gasoline station at Orange on the Wilbur Cross Parkway com-
menced operating in February 1951 under the management of Durso and
and Geelan who submitted the high bid of $.06255 per gallon royalty to the
state. While the total revenue from the parkway gas stations increased from
$321,046.80 to $462,136.02 the so-called "gas war" did result in reduced
sales at individual stations.
The Portland machine shop has acquired the necessary equipment and
will have in operation in the near future a complete engine, generator, start-
ing motor, and air compressor rebuilding facilities which will serve all the
department's garages. It has, in the process of manufacture with numerous
refinements, another pavement marking machine. It has developed and
manufactured a sufficient number of reversible steel hones which will elim-
inate working against traffic in maintenance operations.
The electrical unit prepared electrical designs for, and installed, traffic
control lights, beacon lights, illuminated traffic directional signs, illuminated
warning signs, bridge and highway illumination. It also participated in the
electrical design and specifications for the Wallingford Toll Station, the
pedestrian tunnel crossing the Acheson Drive in Middletown, the pedestrian
trestle crossing the North Meadows Expressway in Hartford, the Mystic
River Bridge, the Niantic River Bridge, the Tomlinson Bridge in New
Haven and buildings under the jurisdiction of the department. Changes
were made on navigation lights on required bridges and on the illumination
and telephone systems at the Canal Dock property in New Haven, as re-
quired by the Coast Guard.
The building unit investigated sites, developed preliminary plans and
specifications for gasoline service stations on the Wilbur Cross Highway in
Vernon and Union and for Scale Houses at Union, Canaan, Granby and
Durham. The project in Vernon will be advertised shortly. Plans, specifica-
tions and estimates for construction of salt storage bins throughout the state
were developed. Bomb shelter plans were developed in cooperation with the
Civil Defense authorities. Plans for a district office building for District One
were partly completed.
DISTRICT ONE
The division of survey and plans completed 20 state projects for con-
struction. Town aid projects were completed in the towns of East Granby,
Wethersfield, Windsor Locks (two), Middletown (two), Rocky Hill,
Granby, Berlin and Middlefield. Trunk line projects were completed in the
towns of Vernon (three), Mansfield, Tolland, East Windsor, Simsbury,
New Britain, Glastonbury, and Windsor. Preliminary surveys were also
completed for 13 miscellaneous projects. The division has also completed
17 miles of checking aerial survey maps to determine their accuracy and to
eliminate field reconnaissance surveys on proposed major projects. Pre-
liminary work on plans for the proposed State Street Bridge between Hart-
ford and East Hartford are nearing completion. Two hundred and forty
miscellaneous surveys, in conjunction with permits and service to the public
were carried out.
The division of construction completed 15 federal aid and trunk line
projects and had seven more under construction, all totaling some $4,-
700,000.00. Under the state and town aid program 14 projects were com-
510 HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
pleted under contract and 15 projects were completed with town forces
with 21 more under construction at a cost of $1,515,000.00 making a grand
total of $6,215,000.00. Several federal aid projects which were under con-
struction include, North Meadows Expressway, 9 grade separation struc-
tures on the East Hartford-Glastonbury Expressway and two structures on
the Wilbur Cross Highway. In conjunction with the Comptroller's office
the division office has carried on the construction survey and inspection of
the approach road, parking area and concrete taxi strips for the new Ter-
minal Building at Bradley Field.
The winter of 1950-51 was considered mild for storm conditions but
there were as many storms as would occur normally. Many of these were
"border line" where the temperature hovered around 30 degrees with
alternate rain, snow and icy conditions which require as much activity as
would a continual snowfall of 6 inches or more. Consequently, although the
winter was mild, expenditures remained heavy. Excessive patching of pave-
ment surfaces were required in the spring due to continual thawing and
freezing action which caused several "break-ups." A severe winter would
ordinarily have caused only one spring break-up. Eleven contractors'
trucks were rented for winter snow and ice activity ; five of these were
assigned to winter maintenance operations at the University of Connecticut
and at the Mansfield Training School. Last fall two short sections of high-
way in the town of Bloomfield, routes Conn. 9 and 184, were reconstructed
and resurfaced with stabilized gravel with the use of a Multi-Pug Mixer
and asphalt emulsion. The work was satisfactory and indicates an econom-
ical method available for resurfacing of older high-crown pavements. The
mild weather permitted replacement of 88,900 feet of old white-painted
guide rail posts with new creosoted posts.
Under the authorization of Public Act No. 1, 43 separate projects
were performed for other state agencies and institutions. A total of 130,000
gallons of bitumen was used on this work.
Slope stabilization by loaming and seeding was performed on 15 con-
struction projects.
Bridge maintenance forces carried out numerous projects. Most notable
is the large number of railing repairs made necessary by motor vehicle
accidents. These included replacement of one of the facia beams on the
Simmons Road Overpass which had been severely damaged by a passing
truck. This was effected without interruption to traffic.
The division of administration, clerical and stenographic section
processed requisitions and purchases, distributed pay checks and defense
bonds, maintained a complete district personnel roster, maintained inventory
of plant and equipment, maintained and operated a car pool, maintained a
filing system coordinated with the central files, established and maintained
a budget accounting system providing a daily balance of unallocated funds
for supplies and materials and for contractual services.
The section collected and deposited receipts from the Rocky Hill Ferry
beginning late in May, 1951, provided typing and stenographic services
for the district office, handled mail. It maintained cost records, progress
reports, records and files for work orders and service orders, accident and
injury records and reports and coordinated first aid instructions and accident
analysis.
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT 511
The permit section issued 2,569 permits covering excavations, grading,
sign installations, pole, and tree work, and other encroachment within state
highway right of way, and inspected permit sites, inspected 43 special
permits covering utility company installations, investigated various com-
plaints and supervised surety bonds for permit work.
The traffic section conducted approximately 205 investigations of
which 75 were items concerning the State Traffic Commission. It super-
vised three loadometer surveys and cooperated with traffic investigator of
district three in survey and reports on painting of obstructions.
The town aid section processed the procurement materials, maintained
card record system carrying a running balance and checked quantities, force
accounts and estimates.
DISTRICT TWO
The District headquarters was moved to the Sunlight Building in
Norwich, and the Division of Survey and Plans was moved to the former
location of the district office in the Marguerite Building. Twenty-four
employees, including the former district engineer, have been called to mili-
tary service.
The chief construction project completed was at the junction of routes
U. S. 1 and Conn. 2 near the Rhode Island state line in Stonington. This
consisted of a deck plate girder bridge and underpass approaches. Four
federal aid projects comprising three miles in length cost $818,776.23. There
were six trunk line projects totaling 6.5 miles ; two miles on three state aid
projects ; and three miles on six town aid jobs. In force account construc-
tion by towns, forty projects covering 38.5 miles were completed at a cost
of slightly over one-half million dollars. There were 1,850 miles of road
maintained in the supervised towns and boroughs at a cost of $876,959.13 ;
of this amount $479,590.54 was expended in payments to the towns and
$397,368.59 was expended for materials. The towns obtaining materials
only spent a total of $114,861.00 throughout the year making a total of
$991,820.13 expended on these town projects. Forty-five construction
projects were under way at the close of the fiscal year.
The largest project of the division of survey and plans was the pro-
posed third and fourth lanes on the Wilbur Cross Highway in the towns
of Vernon, Willington, Ashford and Union, a distance of ten miles. Surveys
were made and maps prepared for the proposed projects at Shetucket River
in Norwich, and the extension of the Middletown Expressway. Both of
these projects involved co-ordinate survey, by the right of way section. In
all 40 projects were completed by Survey and Plans, and 31 by the
Boundary and Geodetic Survey Section.
The permit section, division of administration, issued 1,351 permits
for various purposes, while in traffic investigation approximately 230 mat-
ters were covered, the bulk of which were surveys to correct hazardous
conditions, and traffic regulatory measures. The majority of such surveys
required one or more contacts with the local authorities, field investigations
and written reports describing general physical conditions, traffic maneuvers
and a statement of recommendations.
The division of maintenance completed a year marked by a heavy
schedule of betterments including sight line projects, drainage installations
512 HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
and improvements, some road widening work, in addition to road surfacing,
roadside development and guide rail maintenance. In surface drainage, 37
jobs totaling 7,800 feet were done ; and in the field of underdrainage 20
projects covered installation of approximately 6,200 feet of pipe.
There were 36 individual locations classed as surface and shoulder
betterment, with the excavation of banks for improved vision, elimination
of guide rail through slope reduction with shoulder fill, and the replace-
ment of old-type guide posts with new creosote treated posts for a total
length of 62,500 feet.
A periodic diving inspection at the Niantic River Bridge in December
revealed an adverse condition at the west pier. Immediate action was taken
by placing rip rap, under contract, and underwater sealing by the Mud-
Jack section. Programmed bridge repairs were performed on 48 of the
bridges in the district, and a complete inspection schedule covered every
structure under the jurisdiction of the maintenance section.
The severe November, 1950, storm required repair work at Clinton
and Old Saybrook, where excessive high tides destroyed shoulder and pave-
ment on routes close to the Sound. To improve visibility and efficiency of
operations at two drawbridges, at Mystic on route U. S. 1 and Niantic on
route Conn. 156, alterations were completed on the operators' houses. By
elevating these quarters well above the road level, vision is provided both
upstream and downstream for greater protection of boats using the draw.
The new unit at Mystic is in use, while that at Niantic will soon be available.
Stone surface treatment was applied to more than 18 miles of road and
oiling was completed of more than 400 miles of highway. Special sealing of
shoulders on routes U. S. 6A, Conn. 32, and Conn. 85 was completed. A
total of 82,760 square yards of roads and drives at state agencies and in-
stitutions were surface-treated, under the provisions of Public Act No. 1,
Special Session November, 1949. Signal lights and improved ferry slips at
the Chester-Hadlyme Ferry made this facility more convenient to the public.
A total of 26,238 ferry crossings were made during 1950.
DISTRICT THREE
The storm of November 25, 1950, caused severe washouts of two long
sections of road pavement, shoulders, and slopes on route Conn. 136 in
Westport and Fairfield. Engineers, inspectors, maintenance personnel, mud-
jack crews, and hired equipment, all were put to work on immediate neces-
sary repairs.
The division of survey and plans worked on 14 trunk line projects
which included control survey and maps on the relocation of U. S. 1 (Kim-
berly Avenue to Greta Street) in West Haven and in East Haven from
Bradley Street to Hosley Avenue, Dixwell Avenue, Hamden, and six miles
of Merritt Parkway shoulder widening. Ten town aid projects were com-
pleted and work is under way on five others.
Three aerial map field checks to satisfy specifications were completed
and one is in progress al this time. Four miscellaneous projects were
completed.
Three maintenance drainage projects were worked on ; Cheshire routs
Conn. 10 which is practically complete, another in Cheshire — Maple Ave-
nue— which was completed, and a project in Hamden — Dixwell Avenue —
HI GH W A Y D E P A R T ME X T 5 1 3
on which a reconnaissance estimate was made. Four surveys were made on
town roads to be built with town forces at Shelton, Orange, Trumbull, and
Oxford. Requests for additional information were handled on nine major
projects such as the Shelton-Derby-Ansonia Expressway and the relocation
of route U. S. 1.
Right of way maps on six miles of highway were completed, 14 existing
right of way maps were revised to bring them to date on sections ranging in
length from 100 feet to one-half mile. Ninety-seven requests from private
engineers and other bureaus in the department were completed and monu-
ment work was completed on 24 permits and work done on 43 others.
The construction division work covered 75 projects completed, under
construction, or under contract but not yet started. Money involved
amounted to $12,201,000. Fifty-one projects were completed with a value
of $6,100,000. Of these, 39 were let in the fiscal year and their contract
value was $6,405,000; 15 older projects having a value of $297,000 were
also completed.
Three projects of considerable magnitude are under construction. The
first, rapidly nearing completion, is the southerly part of the Shelton-Derby-
Ansonia Expressway. The others are the relocation of route U. S. 1 in
Darien and in New Haven. These projects have scarcely begun to impinge
on the public consciousness because the major effort is on new location, out
of sight of the present crowded route. Work in the Darien area is confined
to bridges, approaches and relocation of existing roads.
Three of the major structures in the New Haven area are completed
and a fourth is virtually finished. The contract has been let. for the comple-
tion of the eastern part of the relocation of route U. S. 1 and the remaining
work under construction is the placing of hydraulic fill and its associated
activity along the New Haven harborfront.
The function of the construction division dealing with town aid falls
into three general classifications : towns for which the state furnished ma-
terials only ; towns in which maintenance work is paid for and supervision
is furnished by the state ; and towns which carry on new construction with
town forces but where engineering and general supervision and all costs
are furnished by the state. The last of these may be in conjunction with
either of the others. There are at present 22 "material" towns and 17 "super-
vised" towns and a fluctuating number of towns which carry on the third
of these categories.
Reorganization of the maintenance division was completed November
1, 1950 and the work load of the foremen became better balanced. Adminis-
tration became centralized and, although many men were assigned to strange
territories, winter work proceeded smoothly. There were 21 storms re-
corded. Accumulation of snow was not great and the winter was relatively
mild. There were 15 rented trucks used during the winter at a cost of about
$23,000. Anticipating the need for using salt, several sections of concrete
less than five years old were treated with water-gas-tar.
Throughout the year, all surface treatment of traveled paths was com-
pleted where required, but it was impossible to complete the treatment of
shoulders. Work for institutions was not heavy. The trolley track area on
U. S. 1 in the center of Fairfield was satisfactorily covered, partlv with
stone surface, and partly with bituminous concrete.
514 HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
White posts carrying 68,000 feet of cable guide railing were replaced
with creosoted posts, and about 18,000 feet of rustic guide railing on the
Merritt Parkway were replaced with cable fence. The balance of white posts
and rustic fence remaining in the district has been inventoried and scheduled
for replacement over a period of three years.
The signs and markings section has been increased by the addition of
one hand painter to serve the western end of the district. On the Merritt
Parkway signs are gradually being changed over to the reflexite type.
The Trumbull Parkway crew has been moved from rented quarters
to a new state-owned metal building at the southeast corner of the inter-
section of route Conn. 8 and the Merritt Parkway. Improvements were
made to the feed mechanism of the jet sand spreaders which greatly reduced
breakdowns and considerably increased the work accomplished with these
machines.
A hire than ordinary repairs have been necessary to the steel work and
grid deck of the Stratford Avenue Bridge in Bridgeport.
Control of highway encroachments under permit required work on a
total of 1,653 permits.
Activity in traffic engineering and investigation has accelerated with
over 150 investigations. In addition the district has conducted loadometer
and condition survey at four critical locations in April, August and No-
vember of each year. Selective traffic counts on "state-out of state" basis
have been made at the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkway toll stations four
times a year.
DISTRICT FOUR
The division of survey and plans in District Four has completed sur-
veys as follows : the Waterbury Expressway, 2 miles ; bridge and approaches
over the Housatonic River in New Milford, .75 mile ; other trunk line
projects, 2.5 miles; town aid projects, 27 miles. Two miles of drainage
betterments were surveyed in the towns of Redding, Bethel and Newtown ;
4 miles of drainage correction in the towns of Watertown, Thomaston,
Plymouth, Washington and Goshen.
The division of construction completed another unit of the Waterbury
Expressway and started work on a 784-foot four-span bridge over the
Housatonic River and other grade separations on the relocation of U. S. 6
in Newtown. The division completed 5.6 miles of federal aid and trunk line
highways and bridges including the Mill Street Viaduct in Waterbury and
Mill Plain Bridge at Danbury at a cost of $1,552,880. There is now under'
contract 4.8 miles at an estimated value of $2,287,660.
The division supervised the expenditure of $1,360,700 by the towns
for maintenance and construction of town roads including 921 miles of re-
treatment and 67 miles of armor coat, as well as construction of 24.5 miles
of formerly unimproved town roads.
The division of maintenance is operated from the Elm Street office in
Winsted with salaried and hourly paid personnel totaling 338. There are
43 maintenance crews consisting of 36 regular maintenance, 4 tree, 2 sign
and 1 bridge housed in 38 maintenance garages scattered through the dis-
trict. There are three repair garages, at Brookfield, Winsted and Waterbury.
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT 515
Two major resurfacing projects with bituminous concrete were com-
pleted in New Milford and North Canaan, total length of 9,700 feet. Stone
surfacing has been applied to 22 miles of roadway in the towns of Hartland,
Litchfield, Barkhamsted, Woodbury, Watertown, Thomaston and Plymouth.
Major traveled way and shoulder betterments have been made at Ridgefield,
Kent, Sharon and Bethel. Minor projects to correct sags and sight-line im-
provement have been completed in Morris, Salisbury, Norfolk, Watertown
and Danbury.
Stabilization of slopes on newly constructed roads has been completed
at Silver and Mill Streets in Waterbury and Mill Plain in Danbury. At 10
various locations surface drainage replacements have been made.
Mud jacking operations were performed at Still River Bridge on route
Conn. 44, Winchester. During the year 450 miles of road have received
surface treatment. Extensive planting of young trees has been completed
at Silver Street, Waterbury and about 150 small trees have been planted
elsewhere in the district. Two thousand laurel bushes have been planted.
The bridge maintenance section has inspected 220 of the 520 bridges
in the district and the crew painted 15 structures. Repairs covering wing
walls, abutments, decks, etc., were made on 15 structures. Timber decks
were placed on four structures.
The permit section has made 1,400 investigations of excavation, trees,
pole, driveway and pipe line installations and issued 1,150 permits of vari-
ous kinds for work being done by one investigator and one inspector.
This district is engaged in the construction of a 12-stall garage in
Litchfield in which will be headquarters for the bridge maintenance unit
and for maintenance crews from Bantam and Litchfield.
TRAFFIC COMMISSION
SPEED
40
LIMIT
Established— July 1, 1935
Statutory authority — Chapter 112, 1949 Revision
of General Statutes
Administrative head — Thomas J. Marks, Jr., As-
sistant Secretary
Central office — State Office Building, Hartford, Tel-
ephone 7-6341, Ext. 560
Average number of full-time employees — 2
The General Assemhly established the State Traffic Commission in
1935 to provide uniform traffic controls and regulations throughout the
state.
Under the provisions of Chapter 25, Uniform Traffic Control Act, the
State Traffic Commission is charged with the responsibility of controlling
traffic on the state highway system, to include the establishment of speed
limits, regulation of parking and installation of such other traffic control
measures as will insure the safe and orderly movement of traffic.
Commission members are State Highway Commissioner G. Albert
Hill, chairman ; Motor Vehicles Commissioner Charles F. Kelley, secre-
tary; State Police Commissioner Edward J. Hickey, member.
The office of the State Traffic Commission is in Room 106 of the
State Office Building.
Regular meetings of the commission usually are held on the third
Tuesday of each month, when the members act upon matters previously
reviewed by its representatives in the State Highway, State Police and
Motor Vehicle Departments at meetings held by the representatives one
week prior to the commission meetings.
516
TRAFFIC COMMISSION 517
During this fiscal year, the commission and its staff attended to the
following business :
1 . 372 requests from municipalities were investigated and approved by the
commission and included the following :
96 permits were issued for the installation of traffic control signals.
24 speed limit certificates were issued for the establishment of speed
limits on town roads. (State highways do not require permits for
the establishment of speed limits.)
252 involved the placing of regulatory signs, shoulder lines, cross-
walks, parking zones and speed limits on state highways and
bridges.
2. 52 discussions were held at the request of traffic authorities or other
interested persons.
3. 99 permits for the operation of service repair vehicles on the Wilbur
Cross Parkway, Milford Parkway and "Controlled Access" Highways
were issued after investigation and approval by this commission.
4. Other functions :
(a) Certification of State Traffic Commission records for use in
court cases. (These are certified by the copy record section of
the Motor Vehicle department.)
(b) News releases concerning traffic regulatory measures designed
to promote public safety.
(c) Notices to legal traffic authorities of the 169 towns.
The commission operates without legislative appropriations, all ex-
penditures being met from funds available to one or more of the depart-
ments cooperating in the commission's activities.
MERRITT PARKWAY COMMISSION
Established— 1931
Statutory authority—Special Act 408 of 1931
Administrative head — Theodore S. Watson,
Chairman
Deputy administrator — John E. Cotter, Secretary
Central office — 27 Petrie Street, Bridgeport. Tele-
phones: Home 5-3816, Business 6-2511
Average number of full-time employees — None
Membership
Theodore S. Watson
John E. Cotter
Mrs. Clara LaRoche
Joseph P. Cleary
Ralph Garofalo
Gustave Haenschen
William R. McAlpin
William Gaxton
George D. Stearns
G. Albert Hill
Town
Greenwich
Bridgeport
South port
Fairfield
Southport
Norwalk
Greenwich
Stamford
Fairfield
Middletown
Term Expires
July 1
1953
July 1
1953
July 1
1953
July 1
1955
July 1
1955
July 1
1955
July 1
1957
July 1
1957
July 1
1957
Ex-GM
ificio
OPERATIONS
The past fiscal year was characterized by increased traffic on the
Merritt Parkway and new highs were recorded in the net receipt of tolls
and income from the three gas stations. The total was $1,734,447.04.
518
are :
MERRITT PARKWAY COMMISSION 519
Results of operation of the Toll Stations for the fiscal year just ended
GREENWICH
Tolls collected $899,945.62
Toll plates sold 8,502.51
Total receipts 908,448.13
Operation cost 100,900.93
MILFORD
Tolls collected 669,976.39
Toll plates sold 12,789.79
Total receipts 682,766.18
Operation cost 106,809.03
Combination plates sold (315) 4,558.00
In addition to the above income, the three dual gas stations disposing
>f gasoline on the Parkway produced :
Rental ($500 per month for each three stations) $18,000.00
Royalties, etc., on gas sales (5,889,209 gallons) 328,384.69
Total $346,384.69
Note : State gasoline tax not included in above.
All toll collections are placed in the Wilbur Cross Parkway fund for
construction of the Wilbur Cross Parkway. None of this income is used
on the Merritt Parkway. The upkeep of the Merritt Parkway comes from
the Highway Fund. A cost analysis of ordinary maintenance expenditures
for the fiscal year is. as follows :
Winter maintenance, snow removal, sanding $ 45,386.77
Roadside mowing, tree spraying, cleanup, etc. 80,644.80
Pavement joints, catch basins, guide rails, shoulders 16,635.24
Special maintenance 7,128.61
TOTAL $149,795.42
Traffic count at toll stations for the year ending June 30, 1951, puts
the number of cars entering Parkway as follows :
Greenwich station 9,212,142 vehicles
Milford station 7,060,569 vehicles
During the fiscal year there has been a total of 1,206 arrests on the
Parkway, including 626 for accidents, of which 14 were fatal. The police
on the Parkway issued approximately 5,934 warnings.
The Parkway Commission is now in its 22nd year of operation. The
commissioners serve without compensation. Their interest in their duties
is evidenced by the beauty and safety of the Parkway.
520 MERRITT PARKWAY COMMISSION'
Operating costs of the Merritt Parkway Commission are insignificant
ear Ending
Total Yearly
June 30
Commission Expense
1947
$1,259.24
1948
370.00
1949
102.00
1950
422.00
1951
245.00
The Legislature this year re-established the allotment for expenses of
the commission to the former figure of $3,000 a biennium (raised from
$1,000 for the last biennium). This allotment will be very helpful in prop-
erly documenting the records of the commission and will make funds
available for certain deferred expenditures.
The commission was represented at the hearing of the roads and
bridges committee with regard to building a restaurant on the Parkway
and the commission voiced its disapproval of the bill. The principal ob-
jection mentioned was that in view of the defense effort such a restaurant
would unnecessarily use critical building materials at this time.
To determine the demand for the service of food on the Parkway,
the commission gave the leases of the gas stations permission to sell in
vending machines milk, crullers and sandwiches, subject to the approval
by the commission of the vendors of these foods. The commission also
reserved the right to withdraw these privileges if there was any marked
increase in the throwing of refuse and papers on the Parkway. This con-
dition is being carefully watched.
With reference to the right of way for the gas pipeline requested by
the Northeastern Gas Transmission Company, the commission took the
view that the pipeline should not be laid under the lanes of the Parkway
but a logical route would be adjacent to the Parkway property, as much
as possible on lands owned by the state so that the state could avail itself
of the substantial income which could be derived from the sale of the right
of way. The route of the pipeline is now being considered in the courts
but it is believed there will not be any material change from that desired by
the pipeline company.
We have noted throughout the year a lessening of compliance writh the
rules of the commission, mostly from out-of-town drivers, notably those
from New York. The commission believes that there should be at least
twenty-five more patrolmen assigned to the Parkway and has several times
offered to appear at any public hearing on this subject. Many drivers ap-
pear to feel that violators of the rules such as speed regulations, passing
on the right and throwing rubbish on the Parkway will not be apprehended.
In acknowledging the co-operation of the various state agencies with
which this commission has contacts I wish to emphasize that the State
Police, within the limits of the manpower available on the Parkway, perform
a great many services which are not publicized and which greatly assist in
making the Merritt Parkway the best known and most-highly regarded in
the country.
The records of the Commission from 1935 to 1946 have been photo-
stated and bound in one volume. The Commission is now in the process
of photostating the minutes and other pertinent data of the Commission
from 1946 through July, 1951.
HIGHWAY SAFETY COMMISSION
Established— July 1, 1937
Statutory authoritv—Special Act No. 425, General
Assembly of 1937
Administrative head — Robert I. Catlin, Chair-
man,* William M. Greene, Director
Central office — State Office Building; Telephone
7-6341 ; Ext. 2454
Average number oj full-time employees — 6
Organisation structure — Seven authorized posi-
tions : Director, two Field Representatives, one
Highway Safety Field Representative ; one Ad-
ministrative Asst. ; two clerks.
*Chairman delegates administrative authority to Direc-
tor. Subject to Chairman's General Supervision.
Violent Deaths for Period 846
Violent Deaths Previous Period 879
Violent Death Rate per 100,000 Population
For Report Period 42.3
For Previous Report Period 44.0
Connecticut continues to he one of the safest states of the nation in
which to work or play, reside or travel. For the calendar year of 1949, as
distinguished from "fiscal period," Connecticut's violent death rate was 39.7
cases per 100,000 population compared with the national average of 61.2,
the lowest accidental death rate of any state in the nation. For the calendar
year of 1950, Connecticut's violent death rate of 45.2 was second lowest in
the nation, compared with the national rate of 59.2.
While even a single death from preventable cause is unsatisfactory,
accidental deaths must be expected. Accepted, therefore, as inevitable, there
is definite satisfaction in knowing that Connecticut's violent death experience
continues to be "relatively" satisfactory, as compared with other states and,
especially, the national average.
521
522 HIGHWAY SAFETY COMMISSION
The following tabulation, developed from monthly reports furnished
this Agency by the Bureau of Vital Statistics, State Department of Health,
gives categorically the case story for the fiscal year's experience :
VIOLENT DEATH EXPERIENCE
July 1, 1950— June 30, 1951
July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Total
Occupational
2
4
5
3
7
4
1
3
1
3
2
2
37
Home
33
34
32
42
31
44
42
27
34
20
34
23
396
Motor Vehicle
15
24
15
34
24
33
22
16
22
20
19
15
259
Public Non-MV
16
7
9
11
13
11
4
9
8
8
18
21
135
Unknown
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
2
1
1
19
Total 67 69 61 91 77 94 72 58 68 53 74 62 846
VIOLENT DEATH EXPERIENCE
July 1, 1949— June 30, 1950
July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Total
Occupational 4
3
3
10
1
1
3
1
4
2
6
5
43
Home 19
21
39
21
48
44
36
40
39
35
51
31
424
Motor Vehicle 26
11
14
29
28
20
34
18
15
21
29
18
263
Public Non-MV 31
15
15
12
7
8
8
10
3
9
13
16
147
Unwnown
1
1
2
Total 80 50 71 72 85 73 81 69 61 67 99 71 879
Coverage of all phases of violent death experience is made in this report
because this Commission has been, for some years, the official coordinating
state agency for accident prevention of all types with the exception of indus-
trial safety promotion which is the responsibility of the State Labor De-
partment.
As of October 1, 1951, by action of the last session of the General
Assembly, this agency, designated since 1939 as the "Highway Safety Com-
mission" became the "Connecticut Safety Commission."
In attempting to utilize maximum facilities of official state and mu-
nicipal departments and enlist the support of the many "public support"
groups in Connecticut, an extensive plan of constant contacts and selective
appeals is required. The apathy which Civil Defense Authority finds re-
garding immediate and complete organization for civilian participation in
current defense measures has been the main stumbling block to more rapid
and comprehensive advance in all phases of accident prevention effort over
past years.
The program of essential official activities in practically all phases of
safety promotion is well known. The problem is to obtain the facilities to
implement official efforts, then to arouse public opinion to a realization of
the obligations of each citizen to protect himself from man-made and, too
frequently, self-made perils.
Despite all the fanfare which accompanies the continuing toll of lives
and limbs paid for highway use, the violent death experience in Connecticut
homes always exceeds, sometimes almost double, the accidental fatalities
caused by personal injuries sustained by those involved in traffic accidents
on public ways.
HIGHWAY SAFETY COMMISSION 523
The Connecticut Home Safety Program is currently under the direction
of the Connecticut State Department of Health. Plans are in the making for
conferences with municipal health departments to establish community home
safety programs. At present the city effort is more or less haphazard and
dependent entirely upon the personal interest of the health director. It is
hoped this year to establish a cohesive program between state and municipal
agencies.
Rural accident prevention effort has been developing through leadership
of the Extension Service, University of Connecticut. The county farm
bureaus, allied with that service, have been carrying accident prevention
to the farms and into rural homes through specialists in various services
of value to rural folk. In the past year the 4-H Club representatives on the
county farm bureau staffs have actively promoted bicycle safety among the
younger folk in the country districts. All of this effort is directed through
the Connecticut Farm Safety Committee of which Dean W. B. Young,
College of Agriculure, University of Connecticut, has been Chairman for
several years.
Street and highway safety continues to be the interest-arresting phase
of the Connecticut safety program. Functional effort in the well-planned
program to achieve maximum safety on trafficways for all highway users
is channeled through the State Department of Motor Vehicles, the State
Highway Department, the State Police Department and the State Depart-
ment of Education.
Activities of the staff of the Highway Safety Commission are devoted
mainly to working with such functional agencies in consummation of pro-
gram details, establishing in the public consciousness a knowledge of, and
appreciation for, the work of the state agencies, cooperation of municipal
agencies in their community fields and, finally, drawing upon the great
reservoir of "public support" through organized groups — soliciting not only
their moral assistance but practical aid through contributions of essential
items beyond the facilities of the official agencies at either state or com-
munity levels.
The Agency's income for the year is received from the State Highway
Fund.
1. Capital Outlay for year ending June 30, 1951 $ 7.00
2. Ordinary recurring expenses for year ending June 30, 1951 35,784.00
3. Total expenditures for year ending Jane 30, 1951 30,339.70
4. Personal services 23,446.00
524
HIGHWAY SAFETY COMMISSION
HIGHWAY SAFETY COMMISSION
Members of the Commission
Robert I. Catlin (Chairman) West Hartford
Bernard J. Ackerman (Vice Chairman) Rockville
Lelia E. Thompson (Secretary) West Hartford
Daniel J. Adley, New Haven
Eugene J. Albro, New Britain
Mrs. Eva W. Bailey, West Hartford
James Boothroyd, Hartford
T. Richard Burke, Plainville
Hon. Arthur F. Ells, Litchfield
Dr. G. Keith Funston, Hartford
Thomas D. Hanley, Norwich
Mrs. Cecelia Chase Lasbury, East Windsor Hill
Philip A. Merian, Wallingford
Hon. Edward G. Moran, Norwich
Gen. Vernon S. Morehouse, Stratford (deceased 3-
Most Rev. Henry J. O'Brien, Hartford
John H. Smith, Phoenixville
E. Robert Stevenson, Waterbury
Hon. Carter H. White, Meriden
Mrs. Janet Williams, Winsted
Staunton Williams, Farmington
Present Term
Appointed
Expires
Jan. 1
936
July 1
[951
Tuly ]
939
July 1
951
July 1
939
July ]
955
Dec.
944
July
[953
Sept.
945
July
[951
July
[949
July
[955
July 1
1949
July
1955
Oct. ]
949
July
1955
Dec. ]
940
July
[953
July 1
947
July
[953
July
[941
July
[953
July ]
947
July
953
July
941
July
953
Jan.
L936
July
[951
18-51) July
1939
July
[951
July
[945
July
1951
June
[946
July
[955
July
[947
July
1953
July
[947
July
1951
July
1943
July
1955
July
[943
July
1955
ISRAEL PUTNAM CAMP GROUND
COMMISSION
Established— 1888
Statutory authority — Number 377 of the Special
Laws of 1888 (Volume 10). Number 424 Special
Acts of 1895
Administrative head — Arthur J. Hurley, Chair-
man
Deputy administrator — Ruth K. Kiely, Secretary
Central office — City National Bank Building, Dan-
bury. Telephone 3-2751
Average number of full-time employees — 5
Funds for operation fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Legislative appropriation — $25,614
Expenditures fiscal year 1950-1951 —
Recurring operating expenditures — $17,789
The present members of the Commission are : Arthur J. Hurley, Dan-
bury, Chairman ; Mrs. Ruth K. Kiely, New Fairfield, Secretary ; Mrs. Eva
Hueston, Sherman ; Mrs. Mae G. Moore, Bethel ; William Blackman, Brook-
field ; Lyle B. Torrey, Ridgefield; J. Harold Samuelson, Redding.
Situated in the southwestern part of Connecticut in the picturesque
town of Redding in Fairfield County, is a park known best to the people of
that part of the state, though perhaps not as familiar to the rest of the people
of Connecticut as its associations historically warrant. It is the Israel Putnam
Memorial Camp Ground, a restful, beautiful area, and a memorial to the
Revolutionary soldiers who served under General Putnam. More than two
hundred years ago Connecticut and New Hampshire revolutionary forces
during the winter of 1778-1779, were encamped on the site which is now an
historic shrine. The museum in the reservation contains many colonial relics
and though not pretentious, is visited by many during the four and a half
months it is open. The remains of the log cabin buildings, the piles of stones
that served as fireplaces, cannons and cannon balls, all serve to refresh the
memory of those who have studied American history.
The commission is constantly repairing, maintaining, and improving
the grounds. New outdoor fireplaces are being constructed so that more
525
526 ISRAEL PUTNAM MEMORIAL CAMP GROUNDS COMMISSION
picnicking may be enjoyed by the some 80,000 that visit the park each year.
The beautiful pond in the park is stocked for fishing in the spring and flood-
lighted for skating in the winter, thus the park is used the year round rather
than in the summer months only. The governing body of this state agency
is a commission of seven members serving wihout remuneration who are
appointed by the Governor for two year periods.
FORFEITED RIGHTS COMMISSION
■fllUHJPlil i |i||H|i—
'" Established— 1949
Statutory authority — Sections 4b to 8b
Administrative head — Simon S. Cohen, Chairman
Executive secretary — Marry S. Connaughton
Central office — State Office Building Annex, 119
Capitol Avenue; Telephone 7-6341, Ext. 420
Average number of full-time employees — 1
An Act creating the Commission on Forfeited Rights, known as Sec-
tions 4b to 8b, was passed by the General Assembly in 1949. This act was
approved by the Governor on June 22, 1949 and became effective on that
date. The Commission is composed of three members : one appointed by the
Governor, one member chosen by the speaker of the House, and one Senator
appointed by the president of the Senate. The powers of the Commission
are established by statute passed by the General Assembly to supersede
previous laws which had been in effect for many years.
An amendment to the Constitution was approved by the majority of the
voters of the state to Section 3 of Article VI of the Constitution and Article
XVII of the Amendments thereto. The approved amendment reads as fol-
lows : "The General Assembly shall by law prescribe the offenses on the
conviction of which the privileges of an elector shall be forfeited and the
conditions on which and methods by which such rights may be restored."
The present members of the commission, appointed July 1, 1951, are:
Simon S. Cohen, chairman, Patrick Ward, Lucian L. Orsini.
527
528 FORFEITED RIGHTS COMMISSION
PURPOSES OF COMMISSION
The Commission was created for the purpose of restoring electoral
privileges to those citizens who lost them as a result of conviction of crime.
Heretofore these rights were restored only by the General Assembly. The
value of voting franchise being held in high regard by legislative bodies it
was therefore thought that the procedure of restoration of electoral privileges
should remain at least, in part, in the General Assembly.
An excerpt from the Legislative Council's report for 1949 states: "It
is generally agreed that a majority of the persons who lost their privileges
as electors should not be obliged to endure the process of what amounts
to a second public trial in order to recover said privileges. In addition, the
time consumed by the legislature in disposing of these cases is admittedly
unwarranted."
There is, however, another condition of the old procedure which is not
apparent on the surface ; that is the situation which arises with respect to
citizens of excellent repute who have forfeited their rights because of the
violation of some law which carries a penalty of forfeiture, although the
court has found that the minimum mandatory penalty is sufficient to serve
the ends of justice. These individuals are reluctant to face the publicity
occasioned by petitioning the legislature for restoration of such rights. In
this manner the powers of the commission are established by the General
Assembly so that rights of citizens are fully protected, and at the same time
the General Assembly retains jurisdiction over the commission.
HEARINGS
The Commission has been very prompt in holding hearings on the many
applications that have been filed since its creation in 1949. Approximately
200 cases have been heard by the commission for various crimes committed
by individuals, many for convictions years before, and some of recent date.
In some cases hearings are lengthy and all hearings are taken in detail with
a complete transcript of each case.
The commission holds all hearings in private session with only the appli-
cant, and in some cases, his counsel present. There has been no attendant
publicity except in a few instances, and in these cases the information was
released by the applicant.
Applications are available at the office of the commission and will be
mailed to any interested persons. The application fee is five dollars payable
with the application upon filing with the commission.
INDEX
PAGE
Accountancy, State Board of 214
Advisory Personnel Committee 55
Aeronautics, Department of 153
Agricultural Experiment Station 256
Agriculture, School and College of, (see University) 427
Alcoholism, Commission on 345
Appeal, Personnel Appeal Board 53
Architectural Examining Board 198
Athletic Commission 150
Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission 70
Attorney General 23
Auditors of Public Accounts 96
Banking Department 130
Barbers, Examiners of 200
Blind, Board of Education of 399
Boys, School f or 409
Bradley Field, Operation of 153
Bridge, Groton-New London 501
Bridge, Hartford Bridge 501
Bridge, Old Lyme-Old Saybrook 501
Budget, Division of (Department of Finance and Control) 44
Business Administration, School of (see University) 426
Cedarcrest Sanatorium, Hartford (Tuberculosis Commission) 357
Cheshire, Connecticut Reformatory 415
Chiropody, Examiners in 201
Chiropractic, Board of Examiners in 215
Chronically 111, Commission on care of 336
Civil Defense, Office of 115
Civil Rights, Commission on 79
Compensation, Workmen's Compensation Commission 163
Comptroller, Office of 18
Council, Legislative 65
529
530 INDEX
PAGE
Courts, The Judicial Department 100
Dams, Board of Supervision of 277
Defense, Office of Civil 115
Dental Commission 212
Development Commission 283
Drugs, Food and Drug Commission 247
Editor, Office of State 98
Education, Commissioner and Board of 437
Embalmers, Examiners of 217
Employees' Retirement Commission 73
Enfield, State Prison Farm 403
Engineering, School of, (see University) 426
Engineers, Board of Registration of Engineers and Surveyors 206
Experiment Station, Agricultural 256
Fair Employment Practices Act 170
Fairfield State Hospital, Newtown 367
Farm for Women, and Prison, Niantic 418
Farm, Osborn Prison Farm, Enfield 403
Farms and Markets, Department of 232
Finance and Control, Department of 27
Finance Advisory Committee 47
Fisheries and Game, Department of 264
Fisheries, Marine Fisheries Commission 70
Flood Control and Water Policy Commission 277
Food and Drug Commission 247
Forests, Park and Forest Commission 493
Foreword by Governor John Lodge 9
Forfeited Rights, Commission on 527
Fort Griswold and Groton Mounment Commission 498
Fundamental Orders by Chief Justice Allyn L. Brown 11
Geological and Natural History Survey 289
Governmental Cooperative Agencies 65
Graduate School, University of Connecticut 426
Groton-New London Bridge 501
Groton, Trumbull Airfield, see Aeronautics 153
Groton Monument, Fort Griswold and Groton Monument Commission 498
Hartford Bridge 501
Health, Commissioner and Department of 291
Health, Public Health Council 291
Healing Arts, Board of 210
INDEX 531
PAGE
Henry Whitfield Historical Museum 500
Highway Commissioner, and Department 501
Highway Safety Commission 521
Homeopathic Medical Examining Board 219
Hospitals, Connecticut State, Middletown 367
Fairfield State, Newtown 367
Norwich State, Norwich 367
Veterans Home and Hospital, Rocky Hill 353
Mansfield School and Hospital 380
Southbury School and Hospital 386
TB Sanatoria, see Tuberculosis Commission 357
Housing Authority 90
Institute of Public Service, University of Connecticut 426
Insurance, College of, University of Connecticut 426
Insurance Commissioner, Department of 123
Intergovernmental Cooperation Commission 67
Commission on Civil Rights 79
Interstate Parole and Probation Compact 69
Interstate Sanitation Commission 316
Introduction 13
Investment Committee 63
Israel Putnam Memorial Camp Ground Commission 525
Joint Committee of State Mental Hospitals 367
Judicial Department 100
Labor, Department of 170
Labor-Management Institute, (University of Connecticut) 426
Laurel Heights Sanatorium (See Tuberculosis Commission) 357
Law, School of, (University of Connecticut) 426
Legislation, Commission on Uniformity of 70
Legislative Council 65
Legislative Research Department 61
Library, State Library 483
Liquor Control Commission 167
Long Lane School, Middletown 412
Mansfield Training School and Hospital 380
Mansfield-Southbury Social Service Department 487
Marine Fisheries Commission 70
Marketing, Connecticut Marketing Authority 253
Markets, Department of Farms and Markets I 232
Medical Examining Board 220
Mental Hospitals, see Joint Committee on Mental Hospitals 367
532 INDEX
PAGE
Meriden, School for Boys 409
Merritt Parkway Commission 518
Middletown, Connecticut State Hospital 367
Middletown, Long Lane School 412
Military Department 193
Milk Administrator 139
Milk, Wholesale Producers' Council 145
Motor Vehicles, Department of 103
Mystic Oral School 351
Natural History Survey, Geological and 289
Natureopathic, Board of Examiners in Natureopathy 222
New Haven, Agricultural Experiment Station 256
New London, Groton-New London Bridge 501
New London, (State Pier) Commissioners on Steamship Terminals 491
Newtown, Fairfield State Hospital 367
Niantic, Farm and Prison for Women 418
Norwich State Hospital (Mental) 367
Norwich, Uncas-on-Thames Sanatorium (Tuberculosis Commission) 357
Nursing, Board of Examiners for 224
Nursing, School of, (University of Connecticut) 426
Old Lyme-Old Saybrook Bridge 501
Opticians, Commission of 202
Optometry, Examiners in 223
Oral School, Mystic Oral School 351
Osborn Prison Farm, Enfield 403
Osteopathy, Examiners in 227
Pardons, Board of 407
Park and Forest Commission 493
Parole, Interstate, and Probation 69
Personnel Department (Department of Finance and Control) 42
Personnel, Appeal Board 53
Personnel, Advisory Committee 55
Pharmacy, College of, (University of Connecticut) 426
Pharmacy, Commissioners of 204
Physiotherapy, Examiners for Technicians in 228
Police, State Police Commissioner, Department of 108
Prison, State Prison, Wethersfield 403
Prison, Farm and Prison for Women, Niantic 418
Prison, Connecticut Prison Association 422
Psychologists, Examiners of 226
Public Health Council 291
INDEX 533
PAGE
Public School Building Commission 465
Public Service, Institute of, (University of Connecticut) 426
Public Utilities Commission 187
Public Welfare Council 332
Public Welfare Commissioner, Department of 318
Public Works Department 90
Purchasing Division, Department Finance and Control 38
Reformatory, Connecticut Reformatory, Cheshire 415
Regional Marketing Authority 253
Retirement, State Employees' Retirement Commission 73
Retirement, Teachers' 479
Rights Civil, Commission on 79
Rights Forfeited, Commission on 527
Safety, Highway Safety Commission 521
Sanatoria, see Tuberculosis Commission 357
Long Lane School, Middletown 412
Mansfield State Training School 380
Mystic Oral School 351
Southbury Training School 386
Trade Schools, (see Board of Education) 437
Seaside Sanatorium, Waterford, (Tuberculosis Commission) 357
Secretary of the State 15
Shell Fish Commission 275
Social Work, School of, (University of Connecticut) 426
Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' Fund 343
Southbury Training School 386
School, Connecticut School for Boys, Meriden 409
Spanish War Veterans 424
State Editor, Office of 98
State Employees' Retirement Commission 73
State Library, Hartford 483
State Police 108
Steamship Terminals, Commissioners of 491
Storrs, University of Connecticut 426
Surveyors, Board of Registration of Engineers and Surveyors 206
Tax Department 56
Tax Receipts 56
Teachers' Colleges, see Department of Education 437
Teachers' Retirement System 479
Trade Schools, see Department of Education 437
Traffic Commission 516
534 INDEX
PAGE
Treasury Department 21
Tree Protection Examining Board 230
Trumbull Airport, Operation of, see Aeronautics 153
Tuberculosis Commission, and Sanatoria 357
Uncas-on-Thames Sanatorium, Norwich 357
Undercliff Sanatorium, Meriden 357
Unemployment Commission ' 161
Uniform Legislation, Commission on 70
United Spanish War Veterans 424
University of Connecticut, Storrs 426
Utilities, Public Utilities Commission 187
Veterans Home and Hospital Commission 353
Veterinary Registration and Examining Board 231
Water Commission 277
Waterford, Seaside Sanatorium (Tuberculosis Commission) 357
Welfare, Commissioner, Department of 318
Welfare, Public Welfare Council 332
Wethersfield, Connecticut State Prison 403
Whitfield, Henry Whitfield Historical Museum 500
Wholesale Milk Producers' Council 145
Windsor Locks, Bradley Field, see Aeronautics 153
Workmen's Compensation Commissioners 163
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
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I
Front Coyer (Top) : 2>e Adoption of the Connecticut
Fundamental Orders painting by Albert Herter, at Connect"
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(Front Cover Bottom) : Historical tablet in Memorial Hail
5 .e L,JbrLary .shown§' evolution of Public Seal of Con-
necticut and bearing quotation from Thomas Hooker
Present State Seal
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