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DOCTOR QLINTARD 

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THE UNIVLKS.fi i^KKSS 

OF SEWANEK TENNESSEE 

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DOCTOR^pUINTARD 

CHAPLAIN C-S.A 

AND 

SECOND BISHOP Of TRNNRSSBE 

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THE UNIVERSITV PRESS 

or SEWANEE TENNESSEE 

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J- ■. ,* ■ ^ 

DOCTOR QUINTARD - ^ 

CHAPLAIN C.S.A. 

AND 

SECOND BISHOP OF TENNESSEE 

BEING HIS STORY OF THE WAR 
(1861-1865) 

• - • • 

EDITED AND EXTENDED 
BY THE 

REV. ARTHUR HOWARD NOLL 

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in tht Ditetst •f t9nn$st$$^'* ttc. 



THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 

OF SEWANEE TENNESSEE 

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• » 



Copyright, 1905 

by 

Arthur Howard Noll 



TO 

THE FRIENDS AND COMRADES OF 

DOCTOR QUINTARD 

IN THE ARMY OF THE CONFEDERACY 

AND IN THE CHURCH MILITANT 

THESE MEMOIRS OF HIS LIFE IN WAR TIMES — 

EXTENDED TO INCLUDE AN ACCOUNT OF HIS WORK 

FOR THE UPBUILDING OF THE CHURCH IN TENNESSEE 

AND FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION IN 

THE SOUTH — ARE MOST AFFECTIONATELY 

DEDICATED 



PREFACE 

The chapters of this volume containing the Me- 
moirs of the war were written by Bishop Quintard 
about the year 1896 and are to be read with that 
date in mind. The work of the editor thereon has 
been devoted to bringing them into conformity with 
a plan agreed upon in personal interviews with Bish- 
op Quintard about that time. 

In the first and in the last two chapters of the book 
the editor has drawn freely, even to the extent of 
transcribing entire sentences and paragraphs, upon 
the Bishop's own addresses in the Diocesan Journals 
of Tennessee ; upon Memorial Addresses by his suc- 
cessor, the Rt Rev. Dr. Gailor; upon material used 
in some of the chapters of the Editor's "History of 
the Church in the Diocese of Tennessee ;" and upon 
documents preserved in the archives of The Universi- 
ty of the South. 

Thanks are due to the Rev. Bartow B. Ramage, the 
Rev. Rowland Hale and Mr. George E. Purvis, among 
others, for valuable assistance in the original prepara- 
tion of the Memoirs. A. H. N. 

Sewanee, Tennessee, 
May, 1905. 



CONTENTS 

• 

I. Introduction i 

II. Personal Narrative— The Beginning of the 

War and Valley Mountain lo 

III. Personal Narr^ative — Big Sewell Mountain, 

Winchester and Romney 31 

IV. Personal Narrative — Norfolk 43 

V. Personal Narrative — Perryville 50 

VI. Personal Narrative— Murfreesboro 64 

VII. Personal Narrative — Shelbyville 69 

VIII. Personal Narrative — A Dramatic Episode 83 

IX. Personal Narrative — Chickamauga 87 

X. Personal Narrative — Atlanta 95 

XI. Personal Narrative— Columbus (Georgia) 

and the Journey into Tennessee 102 

XIL Personal Narrative — Franklin 112 

XIII. Personal Narrative — The Crumbling of the 

Confederacy 125 

XIV. Personal Narrative — The Close of the War 143 
XV. A Long Episcopate 149 

XVI. Bishop Quintard and Sewanee 164 

Appendix 



DOCTOR QUINTARD 

CHAPLAIN C.S.A 
AND SECOND BISHOP OF TENNESSEE 



CHAPTER I 

INTRODUCTION 

Writers upon the late Civil War have never 
done full justice to the high religious character of 
the majority of those who composed the Confederate 
government and its army, and the high religious 
principles which inspired them. Not only was the 
conviction of conscience clear in the Southern 
soldiers, that they were right in waging war against 
the Federal government, but the people of the 
South looked upon their cause as a holy one, and 
their conduct of affairs, civil and military, was wholly 
in accord with such a view. The Confederacy, as it 
came into existence, committed its civil affairs, by de- 
liberate choice, to men, not only of approved morality, 
but of approved religious character as well. It was 
not merely by accident, that, in the organization of 
its army, choice was made of such men as Robert E. 
Lee and Thomas J. Jackson, — not to mention a large 
number of other Christian soldiers, — as leaders. And 
it seemed in no way incongruous in the conduct of a 
war of such a character, that commissions were offered 
to and accepted by the Rev. William Nelson Pendle- 
ton, Rector of Grace Church, Lexington, Virginia, 
and the Rt Rev. Leonidas Polk, D. D., Bishop of 
Louisiana. 

A religious tone pervades the state papers pertain- 
ing to the Confederacy, — its proclamations, and its 
legislation. The same religious tone is conspicuous 

B 



2 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

in a majority of the military leaders. It is found 
upon investigation to have impressed itself upon the 
officers of regiments and companies and upon the 
private soldiers in the ranks throughout the whole 
army. So that there is more than an ordinary basis 
for the statement, surprising as such a statement may 
appear at first, that the armies of the Confederate 
States had in them a larger proportion than any other 
in history since those of Cromwell's nicknamed 
" Roundheads," of true and active Christian men. 

The provision made for the spiritual needs of the 
men in the field was quite remarkable. In the great 
haste with which the Army of the Confederacy was 
organized, equipped and sent to the field, there might 
have been found abundant apology for the omission 
of chaplains from the official staffs. Yet there was no 
need for seeking such an apology, for the chaplains 
were not overlooked. Even imputing a love of ex- 
citement and adventure to the young men who com- 
posed in such large measure the fighting forces of the 
Confederacy at the first, they did not neglect to se- 
cure the services of a chaplain for each regiment 
which went to the seat of war. It was naturally 
thought that work might be found for chaplains in the 
hospitals, but it was early discovered that a chaplain 
had opportunities for efficient work at all times, — in 
the midst of active campaigns and when the army was 
in winter quarters. 

Nor was their work in vain. Few religious services 
in times of peace equalled in attendance, in fervor or 



INTRODUCTION 3 

results, those held at, or in the immediate vicinity of, 
encampments of the Confederate army. The camps 
of regiments which had been sent forth with prayer 
and benediction, were often the seats of earnest reli- 
gious life. It is estimated that 15,000 men in the 
Army of Virginia alone, made some open and public 
profession of their allegiance to Christ during the war, 
and were affected in their subsequent lives by religious 
experiences gained in the war. And the number is 
especially remarkable of men in the Southern army 
who after the close of the war entered the sacred 
ministry and won distinction in their holy calling. 

A study of what might be called "the religious 
phases" of this war history should be approached 
through a consideration of the chaplains of the Con- 
federacy. They were a regimental institution, and 
their number might be determined by the number of 
regiments engaged in the war. They were, for the 
most part, men of brains, of a keen sense of humor, 
and of fidelity to what they regarded as their duty ; 
sticking to their posts ; maintaining the most friendly 
and intimate relations with "the boys;" ever on the 
look-out for opportunities to do good in any way; 
ready to give up their horses to some poor fellows 
with bare and blistered feet and to march in the 
column as it hurried forward ; going on picket duty 
with their men and bivouacking with them in the 
pelting storm ; sharing with them at all times their 
hardships and their dangers, gaining a remarkably 
wide experience during four years of army life, and 



4 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

probably with it all acquiring the pleasing art of the 
raconteur. 

If an individual were desired for a more particular 
illustration of the religious phases of Confederate war 
history, he might be found in the Rev. Chiarles Todd 
Quintard, M. D., of the First Tennessee Regiment, 
and after the war, Second Bishop of Tennessee. He 
not only fully conformed to the type above indicated 
but in some respects he surpassed it, for his knowledge 
of the healing art and his surgical skill were ever at 
the demands of his fellow soldiers. He was one of 
the earliest to enter the service of the Confederate 
army, and was probably the most widely known and 
the best beloved of all the chaplains. 

Dr. Quintard was bom in Stamford, Connecticut, 
on the 22nd of December, 1824. His ancestors were 
Huguenots who left France after the revocation of the 
Edict of Nantes and settled the country north of 
Manhattan Island, between Long Island Sound and 
the Hudson River. Those who knew Dr. Quintard 
at any period of his life had no difficulty in detecting 
his French ancestry in his personal appearance, as 
well as in his manner, — his vivacity and demonstra- 
tiveness. Though not a few who failed to get well 
acquainted with him fell into the error of supposing 
that some of his mannerisms were an affectation 
acquired in some of his visits to England subsequent 
to the war. 

His father was Isaac Quintard, a man of wealth and 
education, a prominent citizen of Stamford, having 



INTRODUCTION 5 

been bom in the same house in which he gave his 
son a birthplace, and in which he died in 1883 in the 
ninetieth year of his age. The Doctor was a pupil at 
Trinity School, New York City, and took his Master's 
degree at Columbia College. He studied medicine 
with Dr. James R. Wood and Dr. Valentine Mott, 
and was graduated, with the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine, at the University of the City of New York, 
in 1847. After a year at Bellevue Hospital, he re- 
moved to Georgia, and began the practice of medi- 
cine at Athens in that state, where he was a parishioner 
of the Rev. William Bacon Stevens, afterwards Bishop 
of Pennsylvania. 

In 1851 he accepted the chair of Physiology and 
Pathological Anatomy in the Medical College of 
Memphis, Tennessee, and became in that city co- 
editor with Dr. Ayres P. Merrill, of the ''Memphis 
Medical Recorder." There also He formed a close 
friendship with Bishop Otey, and in January, 1854, he 
was admitted a candidate for Holy Orders. That 
year he appeared in the Twenty-sixth Annual Con- 
vention of the Church in the Diocese of Tennessee, 
held in St John's Church, Knoxville, as the lay repre- 
sentative of St Paul's Church, Randolph. St Paul's 
Church has since passed out of existence, and the 
town of Randolph no longer appears upon the map 
of the State of Tennessee. 

Studying theology under the direction of his Bishop, 
he was ordered deacon in Calvary Church, Memphis, 
in January, 1855, and a year later was advanced to 
the priesthood. His diaconate was spent in mission- 



6 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

ary work in Tipton County, — one of the Mississippi 
River counties of Tennessee. Upon his advancement 
to the priesthood he became rector of Calvary Church, 
Memphis. 

In the latter part of 1856, he resigned the rector- 
ship of his Memphis parish, and at the urgent request 
of Bishop Otey, accepted the rectorship of the Church 
of the Advent, Nashville. He had charge also of the 
Church of the Holy Trinity in that city, and extended 
his work to Edgefield, (now East Nashville), and to the 
parish of St Ann. He served the Diocese as a mem- 
ber of the Standing Committee, and as a clerical 
deputy to the General Convention meeting in Rich- 
mond, Virginia, in the Fall of 1859. 

He was a man of varied and deep learning — a 
preacher of power and attractiveness, and ranked 
among the clergymen of greatest prominence and popu- 
larity in Nashville. He was of ardent temperament, 
affectionate disposition, and possessed personal mag- 
netism to a remarkable degree, especially with young 
men, who looked up to him with an affection which is 
now rarely if ever shown by young men to the minis- 
try. This, and the influence he had over young men, 
are illustrated by the organization in 1859 of the 
Rock City Guard, a militia company composed largely 
of the young men of Nashville. Dr. Quintard was at 
once elected Chaplain of that organization, and its 
first public parade was for the purpose of attending 
services in a body at the Church of the Advent at 
which he officiated. 



INTRODUCTION ^ 

His was a churchmanship of a type in those days 
considerably in advance of the average in the ante- 
bellum period in the South. He was clearly under the 
spell of the " Oxford Movement, " and of the English 
"Tractarians," and occupied a position to which 
Churchmen generally in this country did not approach 
until ten or twenty years later. He was a "sacerdota- 
list," — a pronounced "sacramentarian" at times when 
the highest " High*' Churchmen of the country would 
have hesitated long before applying those terms to 
themselves. 

To him baptism was, not "a theory and a notion," 
but *'a gift and a power." And baptized children 
were to be educated, "not with a view to their be- 
coming Christians, but because they were already 
Christians." Consequently he regarded Confirmation, 
not as ** joining the Church," or as merely a ratifying 
and renewing of the vows and promises of Holy 
Baptism, and hence as something which man does for 
God; — but as something which God does for man, — 
the bestowal of the gifts of the Holy Spirit To the 
preparation of candidates for Confirmation he there- 
fore gave his most earnest attention, even to the ex- 
tent of preparing **A Plain Tract on Confirmation," 
and (in 1861), "A Preparation for Confirmation," a 
manual of eighty-nine pages. 

His veneration for the Church's liturgical inherit- 
ance was great, and the books of devotion he com- 
piled and had printed for the use of soldiers during 
the war were drawn from the ancient sources. He 



8 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

attached the utmost importance to the Holy Com- 
munion as a means of spiritual life, and throughout 
the war he availed himself of every opportunity of 
administering it to the soldiers in camp, in the way- 
side churches as he passed them, and in towns where 
he temporarily rested with the army. 

With a host of friends in Nashville and vicinity, who 
looked up to him with love and reverence, it is not 
strange that Doctor Quintard should have been the 
choice for chaplain of those who enlisted from that 
city for the defence of their homes and firesides in 
1 86 1. Many of the young men of his parish enlisted 
in the First Tennessee regiment, of which he was 
elected chaplain, and feeling as he did that these 
young men would need his spiritual care far more 
than those of his parishioners who were left behind, 
he felt it his duty to accept the office and go with his 
regiment to the seat of war. Both he and his parish- 
ioners supposed that his absence would not exceed 
six months. He did not return to Nashville until 
after the collapse of the Confederacy and the sur- 
render of Lee's army in 1865. 

During those four years he gathered up a rich fund 
of experiences, both grave and gay. Always an 
accomplished raconteur and brilliant conversationalist, 
it is but natural that a wide circle of friends in different 
parts of the world should have begged him to commit 
to writing the story of the war as he saw it and as 
none but he could tell it, and permit its publication. 
About the year 1896 he consented to do this and 



INTRODUCTION 9 

entered with considerable enthusiasm upon the literary 
task thus set for him. 

It was quite characteristic of him, however, that the 
work as he projected it was likely to have been a 
laudation of the men with whom he was brought into 
contact during the civil strife, at the expense of the 
personal experiences of which his friends were more 
anxious to read. For Doctor Quintard was sin en- 
thusiast and an optimist No man was ever more 
loyal to his friends than he. His estimate of human 
character was always based upon whatever good he 
could find in a man. Nothing was a greater delight 
to him in recalling the scenes of the war than to de- 
scribe some deed of heroism, some noble trait of 
character, or some mark of friendship that was shown 
him by a soldier; to acknowledge some kindness 
shown him, or to correct some error of judgment 
that had been passed upon some actor in the drama 
of the civil war. Some of the men whom he paused 
to eulogize were those to whom fame had otherwise 
done but scant justice, and his estimate of them is in 
more than one instance an addition of worth to the 
history of the people of the Southern States. 

The death of Doctor Quintard on the 15 th of Feb- 
ruary, 1 898, prevented the completion of the work he 
had begun more than two years previously ; but left 
it in such form that it has not been entirely impossible 
to gratify the wishes of his friends in regard thereto, 
and to make a valuable contribution to the pictures 
of life in the Southern States during the troubled days 
of the Civil War. 



CHAPTER II 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR 

AND VALLEY MOUNTAIN 

While rector of the Church of the Advent, Nash- 
ville, I was elected chaplain of a military company of 
somewhat more than local fame, known as the "Rock 
City Guard." This election was only a compliment 
shown me by the men who composed the Guard. I 
was not a military man nor had I any fondness for 
military life. So I regarded myself as chaplain only 
by courtesy. But on Thanksgiving day, 1 860, the 
Rock City Guard and other military organizations of 
Nashville requested me to officiate at the Thanks- 
giving services to be held under their auspices. 

The services were held in the Hall of Representa- 
tives in the State Capitol, and there was an immense 
congregation present It was a time of great anxiety 
and the occasion was a memorable one. Rumors of 
approaching war were abundant, and the newspapers 
were filled with discussions as to the course the South 
would pursue in case Mr. Lincoln, then recently 
elected, should take his seat as President of the United 
States. The subject of my discourse was : " Obedi- 
ence to Rulers," — my text being: "Righteousness 
exalteth a nation ; but sin is a reproach to any peo- 
ple." (Proverbs, xiv, 34.) My sermon was what 
might be called "a strong plea for the Union." 

In December, South Carolina seceded, and on the 
1 8th of the following April, — after a bombardment of 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 1 

thirty-four hours, — Fort Sumter surrendered and the 
Civil War was fairly begun. President Lincoln at 
once called for seventy- five thousand volunteers to 
serve for ninety days and put down the insurrection 
in South Carolina. Tennessee being called upon for 
her quota, responded through her Governor, Isham G. 
Harris : — "Tennessee will not furnish a single man for 
coercion, but fifty thousand, if necessary, for the de- 
fence of her rights or those of her Southern brethren." 
This undoubtedly expressed the sentiments of the vast 
majority of Tennesseeans, who did not favor secession 
and deplored war, but who were nevertheless deter- 
mined to stand with the people of the South. 

In the Spring of 1861, the States of Virginia, North 
Carolina and Arkansas, which had hitherto refused to 
secede, joined their fortunes to those of the already 
seceded states; and in June, Tennessee decided to 
unite with the Southern Confederacy. She was slow 
to draw the sword. In April, the Rock City Guard, 
now enlarged into a batallion, was mustered into the 
service of the State. Subsequently a regiment was 
formed, consisting of the Rock City Guard and the 
following companies; — The Williamson Greys, of 
Williamson County; The Tennessee Riflemen, and 
the Railroad Boys of Nashville ; The Brown Guards, 
of Maury County ; The Rutherford Rifles, of Ruther- 
ford County; and The Martin Guards, of Giles 
County. 

This was known as the First Tennessee Regiment 
The field officers elected were : Colonel George Maney 



12 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

(afterwards made a Brigadier-General); Lieutenant- 
Colonel, T. F. Sevier; Major, A. M. Looney. Lieu- 
tenant R. B. Snowden, of Company C, was appointed 
Adjutant ; Dr, William Nichol, Surgeon, and Dr. J. 
R. Buist, Assistant Surgeon. 

On the loth of July, 1861, orders were received by 
the regiment to repair to Virginia. Being very 
urgently pressed by members of the Rock City Guard 
and their friends in Nashville to accompany the regi- 
ment as chaplain, I resolved to do so. This, of course, 
made it necessary for me to break up my household. 
I removed my family to Georgia, left my parish in the 
hands of the Rev. George C. Harris, and prepared to 
join my regiment in Virginia. 

My friend, General Washington Barrow, who had 
formerly been Minister to Portugal, thinking that I 
would have need of a weapon for my defence, sent me 
his old court sword, which had enjoyed a long and quiet 
rest, — so long, indeed, that it had become rusted in 
its scabbard. I remember well my first attempt to 
unsheath the sword. I seized the handle and pulled 
with might and main, but to no effect A friend came 
to my assistance. I took the sword handle, — he the 
scabbard. We pulled and we pulled, but the sword 
refused to come forth. I am not aware that I ever 
succeeded in drawing that sword "in defence of my 
country.'* On my departure for Virginia I left it at 
home. 

. The first battle of Bull Run was fought July 21, 
1 86 1. My cousin. Captain Thomas Edward King, of 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 3 

Georgia, having been severely wounded, I went to 
Richmond to look after him, leaving Nashville on the 
1st of August After he had sufficiently recovered to 
return to his home, I joined my regiment at Valley 
Mountain on the 23 rd of August Some of the 
entries made in my pocket diary while on this trip 
are not devoid of interest as illustrating the condition 
of the Southern army and of the Southern country at 
this early stage of the war. 

My route was through Knoxville and Bristol. At 
the latter place, which is on the boundary line between 
Tennessee and Virginia, I missed the train for Lynch- 
burg by an hour, found all the hotels crowded, and 
the railroad pressed to its utmost in conveying troops. 

While waiting I visited two sick men from Nashville 
of whom I had heard, and then strolled out to camp, 
a mile from the town. There I witnessed the execu- 
tion of the sentence of a court-martial upon two pri- 
vate soldiers convicted of selling whiskey to other 
soldiers. The culprits were drummed around the 
camp, riding on rails, each with three empty bottles 
tied to his feet, and a label, "Ten Cents a Glass,*' 
pinned to his back. 

At Lynchburg I missed connections for Richmond 
Saturday night and so spent a very pleasant Sunday 
in the former place. I found Lynchburg a very 
quaint old town, built on steep hills, from the foot of 
which the James River finds its way sluggishly to the 
sea. I preached at St Paul's Church on **The Love 
of God." 



14 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Arriving at Richmond, I found the place so crowded 
that I began to think I would not be able to get 
even a lodging. The Spottswood and Exchange 
Hotels were crowded to overflowing, and I could not 
get the sign of a room, though I did succeed in get- 
ting some dinner at the latter house. But calling on 
the Rev. Mr. Peterkin, I was asked to stay with him, 
and had for a co-guest the Rev. A. Toomer Porter, 
chaplain of the Hampton Legion, — after the war a 
prominent educator and founder of a famous school 
in Charleston, S. C. 

At the Rev. Mr. Peterkin's I had the pleasure of 
meeting the Rev. William Nelson Pendleton, then a 
Colonel in the Confederate Army, afterwards a Major- 
General in command of Lee's Artillery. He had 
been in command of the artillery that did such execu- 
tion at the battle of Manassas, and gave me a most 
interesting account of that fight. There was not a 
masked battery on the ground. His guns were 
within two hundred yards of the nearest of those of 
the enemy and within four hundred yards of those 
that were at the greatest distance. Yet he did not 
lose a man. 

I learned from Mr. Peterkin where to find my 
wounded cousin, and with him found two other 
wounded soldiers. I made daily visits to the wounded 
during my stay in Richmond ; met Bishop Atkinson ; 
called, with the Rev. Mr. Porter, upon Mrs. Wade 
Hampton, who was a daughter of the Honorable 
George Duffie ; and visited Mr. John Stewart in his 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I 5 

princely establishment four miles out from Richmond, 
where I attended services at the church built by Mr. 
Stewart and his brother at a cost of fourteen thousand 
dollars. It was at this time that I received and ac* 
cepted my appointment as Chaplain in the Confeder- 
ate Army. 

On the Sunday I spent in the city that was shortly 
afterwards to become the capital of the Confederate 
States, I preached at St. James' Church in the morn- 
ing, at the Monumental Church in the evening, and 
again at St James' at night 

Another interesting incident of this visit to Rich- 
mond was in regard to the Rev. John Flavel Mines, a 
chaplain in the Federal army, who had been captured, 
released on parole, and had been for two days at the 
Rev. Mr. Peterkin's house, where I met him. By 
order of General Winder he was rearrested, and the 
poor fellow was quite crushed by the idea of having 
to go to prison. He was especially fearful of con- 
tracting consumption, of which some of his family had 
died. He wrote two piteous letters to me begging 
me to intercede on his behalf After two efforts I 
succeeded in visiting him in the afterwards famous 
'*Libby*' prison, where I found him in company with 
the Hon. Alfred Ely, a member of Congress from 
Rochester, N. Y., who had been captured at Manas- 
sas. I did all I could to cheer the prisoners up. Mr. 
Mines subsequently renounced the ministry and ac- 
cepted a colonel's commission in the Federal army. 
After the war he entered upon a literary career, and 



1 6 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

wrote some charming books under the nam de plume 
of "Felix Oldboy." 

On my way to my regiment I found in Staunton, 
Virginia, that the Deaf and Dumb Asylum was used 
as a hospital, and I wrote to the Editor of the Nash- 
ville "Banner" asking contributions from the citizens 
of Tennessee for the sick and wounded and advising 
the establishing of a depository at Staunton under the 
supervision of the Rev. James A. Latane. The 
citizens of Staunton made up two boxes of stores and 
comforts for the sick of my regiment I preached in 
Staunton Sunday morning and night and left for Mil- 
boro. I went thence to Huntersville, which I reached 
on the 2 1 St of August after a bit of just the toughest 
travel I had ever made. I found Jackson's River so 
swollen by rains that it was impossible to ford with the 
stage. The passengers mounted the horses, — two on 
each horse, — and forded the stream. 

My travelling companion the night of this occur- 
rence and the following day was Colonel Wheeler, 
Ex-Minister to Nicaragua, Vestryman in Dr. Pinck- 
ne/s Church in Washington, D. C, one of the most 
agreeable men to take a trip with I had ever met 
His wife was a daughter of Sully the artist 

We were again delayed at Back Creek, and while 
waiting for a chance to cross, I read " Master Hum- 
phrey's Clock,'* avolume found in a knapsack on Jack- 
son's Mountain. The owner's name on the fly-leaf 
was **B. B. Ewing, Comp. I, 12th Miss. Reg't" The 
book was wet and mouldy. I finally mounted one of 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I / 

the stage horses and swam the creek and so reached 
Gatewoods, — a delightful place, — a valley shut in on 
all sides by most picturesque mountains. It was 
twelve miles from Huntersville. 

I finally reached Colonel Fulton's camp, over the 
worstroad I ever travelled, and thence found Hunters- 
ville, — a most wretched and filthy town in those days, 
where there were many sick soldiers in a meeting- 
house, in public and private buildings and in tents. 
Huntersville was twenty -seven miles from Valley 
Mountain where our troops were stationed. I was 
very anxious to get on for there was a battle daily ex- 
pected. 

Resuming the journey in an ambulance, I had to 
leave it within a mile in consequence of the wretched 
state of the roads, and walked all day over the most 
horrible roads, the rain at times coming down in tor- 
rents. I felt occasionally that I must give out, but 
finally reached Big Springs and received a warm wel- 
come from General Anderson, General Donelson, 
Colonel Fulton, Major Duval and other officers. My 
clothes were so wet that the water could be wrung out 
of them and my first care was to dry them. That done, 
I set out for the camp at Valley Mountain three miles 
distant, and reached it on the morning of Friday the 
23rd of August, which happened to be the first clear 
day I had seen for more than a week. 

The following Sunday I began my duties as chap- 
lain, and had services in camp which were well at- 
tended. That week our scouts had a running fire 
c 



1 8 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

with the enemy's pickets, and one of our lieutenants 
captured a Federal soldier. As it was the first 
achievement of the kind by any of our regiment, our 
camp was greatly enlivened by it About this time I 
was appointed Assistant Surgeon, but I did not wish 
to accept the office as I felt that it might separate me 
from my regiment I do not remember, however, any 
time throughout the war, when there was any oppor- 
tunity oflFered for me to assist the work of the surgeons 
that I did not do it 

One afternoon a courier arrived at Colonel Maney*s 
headquarters with orders for the regiment to report to 
General Loring. While Colonel Maney was reading 
the order, a sudden volley of small arms resounded 
through the mountain, and some one, thinking the 
Federal forces had attacked General Lee's position, 
ordered the long roll beaten. This startled the camp, 
every man seized his gun and cartridge box, and the 
regiment was at once in line. For at that time the 
boys were all spoiling for a fight 

I well remember how good Mrs. Sullivan, the wife 
of an Irish private and a kind of "daughter of the 
regiment," drew oflF her shoes and gave them to a 
soldier who was barefoot The boys started off" for 
General Lee's headquarters without rations, without 
blankets, and many of them without coats or shoes. 
In this plight they reported for duty. It was alto- 
gether a false alarm. A regiment had been on picket 
duty and was firing off guns in order to clean them. 
Nevertheless it happened that the action of our boys 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 9 

was in conformity to an order received regularly 
enough about five minutes later, requiring our regi- 
ment to take position within a very short distance of 
the enemy's entrenchments, and the regiment re- 
mained out in consequence from Friday morning 
until Sunday, in full view of the enemy. 

A few days after this General Lee determined on a 
movement on the enemy holding a fortified position 
on Cheat Pass. The camp became a scene of great 
animation in anticipation of an important impending 
battle. To me it was a memorable week beginning 
on Monday September 8th — a week of such ex- 
periences as I had never dreamed would fall to my 
lot, and of such fatigues as I never imagined myself 
capable of enduring. 

General Lee's plans were undoubtedly well and 
skilfully laid, but "the wisest schemes of mice and 
men gang aft aglee." The plan, to my mind, was 
somewhat complicated inasmuch as it demanded con- 
certed action on the part of too many commanders 
far removed from each other. Thus General Henry 
R. Jackson of Georgia, with Rust of Arkansas, was to 
attack the enemy at Cheat Pass where he was strongly 
entrenched. General Loring with Donelson was to 
engage the enemy at Crouch's and Huttonville and 
force his way up to Cheat Pass, while Anderson with 
his brigade was to pass over Cheat Mountain and en- 
gage the enemy in the rear. 

The Rock City Guard, with the regiment, left camp 
at Valley Mountain on Monday, and moved to a new 



20 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

camp three or four miles in advance. I remained be- 
hind for a day to care for the sick and then followed 
the regiment At nine o'clock on Tuesday morning 
General S. R. Anderson's Brigade, consisting of 
Colonel Mane/s regiment and two others, started on. 
The route was not by a road but through fields and 
over mountains the most precipitous, in going up 
which we had to wind single file along the sides and 
reach the top by very circuitous paths. The paths 
were exceedingly steep, rocky and rough, and our 
horses had to be taken to the rear. At one time I 
reached the top of the mountain and sat down for a 
little rest under a great boulder that projected out 
into the pathway. An officer in front called out to 
me, **Tell them that the order is to 'double quick !* " 
I passed the command to another officer, who turned 
to those behind him who were struggling up the 
mountain pass and called out to them, "The order is 
to 'double quick* back there!" Whereupon the rear 
of the regiment turned and rushed down the moun- 
tain. In the flight the Major was upset, and flat on his 
back and with heels in the air he poured forth bene- 
dictions of an unusual kind for a Presbyterian elder. 

Our first night out, after I had travelled twelve 
miles on foot, (I had lent to a less fortunate officer 
the horse that had been presented to me but a few 
days previously), we halted at lO o'clock. Soon 
after it began to rain heavily. I had been carrying 
the blankets of Lieutenant Joe Van Leer, who had 
been exceedingly kind to me throughout the march. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 21 

and when I came up to him he said, ''I have a capital 
place where we may sleep. TU put my blankets on 
the ground and we'll cover with yours, as they are 
heavier." So he cleaned out a hollow on the side of 
the mountain, and there we lay down for the night 
We had my blanket and his rubber coat for a cover- 
ing. Shortly after midnight a little river began run- 
ning down my neck. The rain was pouring in 
torrents, and the basin Van Leer had scooped out 
was soon filled; so I spent the night as did the 
Geoi^a soldier who said that he had slept in the bed 
of a river with a thin sheet of water over him. This 
was not altogether a unique experience for me as we 
shall soon see. 

The next morning, after breaking our fast on cold 
meat and "gutta percha" bread, we took up our line 
of march and had gone but a mile or so when we 
heard the fire of musketry at our left We supposed 
this was by the scouts sent out by General Donelson. 
This day, (Wednesday), was the severest of all upon 
our men. We made slow progress and the march 
was very toilsome. We kept perfect silence, expect- 
ing every moment to come up with scouting parties 
of the enemy. At about three o'clock the order was 
passed along the line, just as one half the regiment had 
reached the top of the mountain, to "double-quick 
forward!" 

The drums of the enemy were distinctly heard, and 
we moved as rapidly as possible, and were about an 
hour in descending. All the horses were left behind. 



22 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

as the mountain was found so steep and rocky that it 
was impossible for them to go any further. We 
clambered down the rocks, clinging to the bushes and 
jumping from rock to rock, and at nine o'clock we 
halted for the night 

Not a word was spoken above a whisper, nor a fire 
lighted, although it was very cold. Van Leer arranged 
our blankets as on the previous night, and with much 
the same result For soon after we lay down the rain 
came as though the windows of heaven were opened, 
and about eleven o'clock we were thoroughly satura- 
ted. A rivulet ran down my back and Joe and I 
actually lay in a pool of water all night I thought 
it impossible for me to stand it, but as there was no 
alternative, I kept quiet and thought over all I had 
ever read of the benefits of hydropathy. I consoled 
myself with the reflection that the water-cure might 
relieve me of an intense pain I had suffered for some 
hours in my left knee, — and so it did. At the same 
time I would hesitate long before recommending the 
same treatment for every other pain in the left knee. 

In the morning I was well soaked, my finger ends 
were corrugated and my whole body chilled through. 
I was very hungry also, but all I could get to eat was 
one tough biscuit that almost defied my most vigorous 
assaults. We were ordered to be on the Parkersburg 
Pike that day, (Thursday), at daybreak. To show 
how little we understood the art of war at that time, 
soon after we started, a well mounted horseman passed 
halfway down the line of the regiment without detec- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 23 

tion. He proved to be a Federal courier. Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel Sevier finally halted him and said in 
surprise: "Why, you're a Yankee!" To which the 
courier coolly replied : "Tm so thankful you found 
me out; I was so afraid of being shot" 

The Colonel took from him a fine pair of pistols, 
sword, carbine and his horse, which he gave to Major 
Looney who was thoroughly knocked up. Half a 
mile further on brought us to the Parkersburg Pike, 
three miles and a half from Cheat Mountain Pass. 
The brigade was, as rapidly as possible, put in posi- 
tion. The First Tennessee was at the head of a 
column towards Cheat Pass. In about ten minutes a 
body of the enemy, about one hundred strong, in am- 
bush on the opposite side of the road and only about 
twenty-five yards from our troops, began firing into 
our left, composed of the companies from Pulaski, 
Columbia and Murfreesboro. The enemy were com- 
pletely concealed but our men stood the fire nobly. 
Not a man flinched. After two or three volleys had 
been fired. Captain Field ordered a charge and the 
enemy fled. 

We lost two killed, two missing and sixteen 
wounded. We captured Lieutenant Merrill of the 
Engineer Corps, U. S. A., attached to General Rose- 
crans' command. I fell into conversation with him, 
and found him not only 9. most intelligent gentleman 
but also a most genial and pleasant companion, — as 
most West Pointers are. We also captured seven 
privates, and left on the roadside two wounded men 



24 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

of the enemy who were so disabled that they could 
not be moved, though we dressed their wounds and 
made them as comfortable as possible. The enemy 
lost some eight or ten killed, — how many wounded I 
do not know. 

My first experience in actual battle was very differ- 
ent from what I had anticipated. I had expected an 
open field and a fair fight, but this bushwhacking was 
entirely out of my line. The balls whistled in a way 
that can never be appreciated by one who has not 
heard them. We held our position until four o'clock 
in the afternoon, anxiously listening for General H. 
R. Jackson's fire, upon which the whole movement 
depended ; but not a gun was heard in that direction. 
General Donelson, however, met a party of the enemy 
and engaged them, killing seventeen and taking sixty- 
eight prisoners. He then waited for us, — of course 
waited in vain, and like us withdrew. 

When we left the turnpike, we took with us our 
wounded, all but five of whom were carried on horses, 
the others on litters. About two miles from the high- 
way we came to the house of a Mr. White, where we 
deposited seven of our wounded men and left them. 
The brigade halted in a meadow. After attending to 
the wounded, I lay down by a wheat-stack with Joe 
Van Leer, who made a very comfortable bed for us. 
At daylight I returned to the house to assist the sur- 
geons in dressing the wounds of our men. This oc- 
cupied us until nine o'clock. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 2$ 

The brigade in the meantime had moved forward 
and left us. We supposed that they had stationed a 
guard for our protection, but it had been neglected, 
and when we left, a man suggested to us that we 
better remove the white badges from our caps, for we 
might come across some scouting party of the enemy. 
We took his advice and in addition I took the pre- 
caution to tie a white handkerchief to a stick, and so I 
led the way. After winding about over the hills for a 
mile or so, we came upon a body of men behind a 
fallen tree with their guns pointed at us ready to fire. 
We heard the click of the locks and I instantly threw 
up the white flag, and this possibly saved our party 
from being shot down by our own men. It was a de- 
tachment that had been sent back for us, and as they 
saw us winding along without our badges, they sup- 
posed us a party of the enemy on the trail of our forces. 
One man was very much overcome when he found out 
who we were. 

About a mile further on we came up with the main 
body of our troops, which had been halted for us by 
Colonel Hatton, who, on discovering that we were in 
the rear, ran the whole length of the column to inform 
General Anderson of the fact It felt mighty good to 
get with the brigade again. 

In less than half an hour after we left Mr. White's 
house, a party of the enemy was in possession there. 
At half past twelve word was passed along the line 
that the enemy were following us. Immediately a 
line of battle was formed, but very shortly we moved 



26 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

on to get a more advantageous position. We rolled 
down one precipice and climbed up another and 
again the line of battle was formed. Then it was dis- 
covered that a small part of the enemy's forces was on 
its way by a route that crossed ours to reinforce 
Crouch's, so there was no fighting. 

Friday night we camped about one mile from the 
place we occupied our first night out I had no pro- 
visions, but various persons gave me what made up a 
tolerably good supper, to wit, — a roasting ear, a slice 
of bacon and a biscuit ; and in the morning I found 
on a log a good-sized piece of fresh meat, not strik- 
ingly clean, but I sliced off a piece of it and cooked 
it on a long stick. The fire, I reckon, removed all 
impurities ; and Joe Van Leer brought me half a cup 
of coffee and another biscuit We rested here until 
seven o'clock at night, when we took up our march 
for Brady's Gate. At about eleven o'clock we rested 
for the night and had the pleasure of meeting two 
men from Nashville who had brought out a couple of 
ambulances loaded with nick-nacks for the Rock City 
Guard. Out of their supplies we had a comfortable 
breakfast, and again started for Brady's Gate and 
reached it at i p. m. 

At this point the enemy had been in great numbers, 
— some three or four thousand. Everywhere in the 
woods they had erected comfortable booths and rustic 
benches. Our brigade took position expecting an 
attack, and waited until half-past six, and then once 
more started on our march. About eight o'clock the 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 2/ 

rain poured down in torrents and once more we were 
thoroughly drenched. The brigade remained all 
night in an open meadow, but Colonel Sevier insisted 
upon my taking his horse, and so I rode forward with 
Major Looney and some other officers to a house half 
a mile further on, and Dr. Buist, Van Leer, myself 
and five others took up quarters for the night in a 
smoke-house. Unfortunately the shingles were off 
just over my head and the rain came through pretty 
freely. The next morning we started for our old 
camp at Valley Mountain, which we reached at eleven 
o'clock. It really seemed like getting home. The 
tents looked more than familiar, — inviting even. I 
rested well and ate well and felt well generally. 

The march left many of our men bare-footed. 
Some of them made the last of the tramp in their 
stocking feet, and when we reached our quarters they 
had not even a thread to cover them. One of Captain 
Jack Butler's men made the remark that if the enemy 
took the Captain prisoner they would not believe him 
if he told them his rank ; and when I looked at the 
dear fellow, ragged and barefooted, with feet cut and 
swollen, I thought so too. But then when I looked 
down at my own feet and saw my own toes peeping, 
— nay, rather boldly showing themselves, — as plain 
as the nose on my face; — and found that almost 
a majority of our regiment were bootless and shoeless 
by the hardness of the march, I realized what we had 
gone through. 



28 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

The path by which we ascended to the top of Cheat 
Mountain was one which the foot of man probably 
never trod before. The guide said that he knew that 
he could cross it but did not think that the brigade 
could. I would not have undertaken the march, I 
presume, could I have foretold what it would be. I 
made the whole trip, with the exception of a few 
miles, on foot; for the morning we started out. Lieu- 
tenant John House, of Franklin, a noble fellow, was 
very weak from an attack of fever from which he had 
not entirely convalesced. I insisted upon his taking 
my horse and so I did not ride at all until Sunday the 
15 th. My horse proved a most valuable one. On 
our return one of the wounded men rode her down 
the steepest hills and she did not once miss a foot 
Being raised in that region she had the faculty of 
adapting herself to the provender, while other Tennes- 
see horses grew thin and became useless. 

As a result of the expedition, our forces had driven 
in all the outposts of the enemy, made a thorough 
survey of all their works, had killed, wounded and 
captured about two hundred of their men, and all 
with a loss of less than thirty on our side. But the 
campaign in that section was abandoned and all our 
forces were transferred to another section. 

I was very glad to believe that my labors among 
the soldiers as their chaplain were not all thrown 
away. It was very delightful to see how well our 
regular daily evening service in camp was attended. 
And I was greatly pleased to find so many of the 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 29 

young men anxious to receive the Holy Communion 
when I celebrated on the fifteenth Sunday after 
Trinity, the day before we started on the expedition. 
The whole regiment seemed devoted to me. One of 
the Captains told the Major that he believed every 
man in his company would lay down his life for me. 
Certainly I met nothing but kindness from officers 
and men. And so I was led to hope that some good 
would yet grow out of the seed sown in those wild 
mountains. 

On Friday the 13th of September, General Loring 
was anxious to have a reconnoissance made, and as- 
signed the duty to Major Fitzhugh Lee, son of General 
Robert E. Lee. Colonel J. A. Washington, a brother- 
in-law of General Lee and one of his personal aides, 
asked permission to accompany the party, which was 
granted. They had advanced a considerable distance 
when Major Lee told the Colonel that it was unsafe for 
them to proceed further. But the Colonel was anxious 
to make a thorough exploration. Major Lee, however, 
decided not to endanger the lives of his men by taking 
them along, and so halted them and rode on with 
Colonel Washington, accompanied by two privates. 

They had not gone far when they were fired upon 
by a large picket guard lying in ambush by the road- 
side. Colonel Washington was instantly killed, being 
pierced by three balls through the breast Major 
Lee's horse was shot under him and one of the pri- 
vates also lost his horse. Major Lee escaped on 
Colonel Washington's horse. 



30 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

A flag was sent to the Federal camp the next day 
by General Lee, and Colonel Washington's body was 
given up. The enemy offered to send it the whole 
distance in an ambulance, but this offer Colonel Stark, 
the bearer of the flag, declined. 

This sad occurrence was the occasion of my first 
acquaintance with General Lee, the most conspicuous 
character in the struggle between the States. I saw 
him at Cheat Mountain when he had just learned of 
the death of Colonel Washington. He was standing 
with his right arm thrown over the neck of his horse, 
— (a blooded animal, thoroughly groomed), — and I 
was impressed first of all by the man's splendid 
physique, and then by the look of extreme sadness 
that pervaded his countenance. He felt the death of 
his relative very keenly and seemed greatly dispirited. 

It was my high privilege later on to be brought in 
contact with this great and good man and to learn 
most thoroughly to appreciate his exalted character 
and to understand why his life is to-day an enduring 
inheritance of his country and of the Church of Christ 
Personally he was a man of rare gifts, physical and 
mental. To these were added the advantages of 
finished culture. He was a very Bayard in manner 
and bearing. The habits of temperance, frugality and 
self-control, formed by him in youth, adhered to him 
through life. 



CHAPTER III 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE BIG SEWELL MOUNTAIN, WIN- 
CHESTER AND ROMNEY 

From Valley Mountain I was sent with the sick of 
our brigade to a place named Edrai where a number 
of our troops were encamped. I think it was about 
sixteen miles distant, but on account of the condition 
of the roads, I was fully three days in making the trip. 
I had given up my horse to Lieutenant Van Leer and 
I was busy each day of the march administering to 
the wants of the sick, several of whom died on the 
way. A cup of strong coffee was made for me by the 
sergeant in command of our escort, (we had coffee in 
those days, later our ingenuity was taxed to discover 
substitutes for it), which was the only thing that re- 
freshed me on the march. Instead of a coffee mill, a 
hatchet handle was used to beat up the grains which 
were then boiled in a tin cup. I was a long time 
drinking that cup of coffee. 

The last day of the journey I felt myself breaking 
down and determined to reach Edrai as soon as possi- 
ble. Accordingly I took the middle of the road, not 
avoiding the holes which were abundant, and walked 
through slush and mud, reaching Edrai just in the 
gloaming. There was one brick house in the place, 
to which I made my way. To my delight I found 
there Major Looney of my regiment, who received 
me with great cordiality. I was so exhausted that I 
was obliged to support myself in my chair, and the 



32 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Major, seeing how greatly prostrated I was, gave me 
a large drink of brandy. It produced not the slightest 
effect on me, and so in fifteen minutes more he re- 
peated the dose, and "Richard was himself again." I 
went out at once, borrowed a horse of a friend who 
was a Lieutenant in a Virginia Regiment, and rode 
back to meet my sick train. The next day I officiated 
at the burial of those who had died en route. 

Shortly after this. General Lee ordered us to rein- 
force General John B. Floyd, who was strongly in- 
trenched at Big Sewell Mountain, facing the Federal 
Army under General Rosecrans and only a mile 
distant I passed through the Hot Springs on the 
way to Big Sewell Mountain ; and from there, making 
our way was very gradual, for rains had been destruc- 
tive of the roads. In some places every trace of the 
road had been so completely washed away that no 
one would dream that any had ever been where were 
then gullies eight or ten feet or even fifteen feet deep. 
Fences, bridges and even houses had been washed 
away, farms ruined, and at White Sulphur Springs the 
guests had to be taken from the lower story of the 
hotel. Major Looney, Captain Foster and myself 
were detained at this point for several days, and I 
went back and forth to hold services and to visit the 
sick. 

At Big Sewell Mountain I was brought into very 
pleasant relations with General Lee. At White Sul- 
phur Springs, Mrs. Lee had entrusted me with a 
parcel to deliver to the General at my first opportu- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 33 

nity. Upon my arrival I at once called upon him and 
spent several hours with him in most delightful inter- 
course. From his headquarters we could see the 
whole Federal encampment With the audacity of 
ignorance, I said to him : "Why, General, there are 
the Federals ! why don't we attack them?" In his 
gentle voice, he replied ; "Ah, it is sometimes better 
to wait until you are attacked." 

From the camp at Big Sewell Mountain I was sent, 
in the latter part of October to accompany a detach- 
ment of our sick men to the hospitals at White 
Sulphur and Hot Springs, Vii^nia. When I reached 
the latter place, being only fifteen miles from a rail- 
road, I determined to run down to Staunton to get, 
if possible, some clean clothing. My visit was timely, 
for a few hours after my arrival in Staunton I received 
by train two boxes, — one from Rome, Georgia, and 
one from Nashville. In the latter box were two pairs 
of heavy winter boots, a pair of winter pants, flannel 
under-clothing and a great variety of useful articles, 
and my wardrobe was now so generally well supplied 
that I could help along some who were in worse 
condition than I was in. 

My visit to Staunton was otherwise a rich treat 
Somehow or other everybody seemed to have heard 
of me or to know me, and all extended to me the most 
overflowing cordiality and hospitality. I was first the 
guest of the Rev. Mr. Latane and afterwards of Dr. 
Stribling, the Superintendent of the Insane Asylum. 
Mrs. Stribling and her daughter sent by me two 



34 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

trunks filled with things for our regiment, and a lady 
met mie on the street and handed me ten dollars for 
the use of the sick. 

About the middle of November I received orders 
from General Loring to proceed from Huntersville to 
the Lewisburg line and to transport all the sick and 
convalescent belonging to his division to the hospitals 
at Warm, Hot and Bath Alum Springs. I accordingly 
left General Loring's headquarters one Friday at noon, 
and crossing the Greenbrier Bridge, six miles above 
Huntersville, took the road to Hillsboro, a little 
hamlet ten miles distant, where I spent the night very 
pleasantly, without charge, at the home of Mr. Baird. 
Thence I rode to the residence of Mr. Renick, sixteen 
miles, and found three of our regiment who had been 
sick for some weeks but were then greatly improved 
and glad to get away under my protection. On 
Sunday morning I rode five miles to the town of 
Frankford and my name (and fame) having preceded 
me, I was urged to have services in the Presbyterian 
Church. Of course I was very glad to do so and had 
a good and very attentive congregation. 

At Frankford there lived a Dr. Renick who had 
been extremely kind to all of our Tennessee soldiers. 
He turned his home into a hospital and he and his 
wife devoted themselves most assiduously to the wel- 
fare of the sick, refusing any remuneration. I stopped 
at his house and at his request baptized his youngest 
child, a little girl about eighteen months old, born on 
Easter Sunday. The parents were quite unacquainted 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 35 

s 

with the ecclesiastical calendar, yet the father said : 
"Fm going to give her a good Episcopal name, 
Doctor," and so he had me give her in baptism the 
name of " Margaret Easter Sunday." I was glad she 
was not bom on Quinquagesima Sunday for I might 
in that case have had to give her that name. 

The following day I went to Lewisburg and thence 
to White Sulphur Springs, hoping to be in part re- 
lieved by one of the surgeons, whom I ordered to 
join his regiment with the sick men belonging to it 
There were more than one thousand patients at White 
Sulphur Springs and there had been forty deaths within 
the past thirteen days. 

I shall never forget the dinner we had in camp one 
Sunday about the last of November. It was the best 
of the season. Beef, venison, preserved peaches, 
raspberries and plums, rice, fine old Madeira, currant 
wine and many other things, — most of which had 
been sent by Dr. Stribling, — made a real feast quite 
in contrast with our usual camp fare. At that time 
the boys were going into winter quarters and were 
building very snug, roofed cabins. 

One Sunday early in December, after having ser- 
vice in the camp near Huntersville, with a pass 
from General Loring to go to Richmond and return 
at the public charge, I started first for Staunton to 
look after the interests, of a young man from Maury 
County, Tennessee, who while in a state of intoxica- 
tion, killed another man by the accidental discharge 
of his pistol. That I arrived safely in Staunton I felt 



36 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

to be a matter of special congratulation on account of 
the roads I had to travel. The mud was from two to 
three feet deep. 

The young prisoner was a noble fellow to whom 
I had become very much attached, and was clear 
of any intentional wrong, I was sure. After calling 
upon him in Staunton and consulting with his 
lawyer, we concluded to engage the services of the 
Hon. Alexander H. Stuart, formerly Secretary of the 
Interior under President Fillmore, and I went to 
Richmond to see that eminent man. On my return 
to Staunton I had the trial put off until the January 
term of court When it was finally held, I was called 
upon to testify to the good character of the accused 
and I am glad to say that the verdict of the jury was 
in the end : "not guilty." 

Our regiment's stay at Big Sewell was not long. 
There was a good deal of marching to and fro, and 
Rosecrans finally escaped Lee and Jackson. From 
Big Sewell, General Loring, to whose division we were 
attached, was invited to join General Thomas J. Jack- 
son at Winchester. There for the first time I met 
that distinguished General and I was very cordially 
received by the Rev. Mr. Meredith, the rector of the 
parish, and was made to feel quite at home in the 
rectory. 

This was the beginning of a severe and disastrous 
campaign. The weather was bitterly cold and during 
the second night of our encampment a severe snow- 
storm arose. I can never forget the appearance of 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 37 

the troops as they arose the next morning from their 
snowy couches. It suggested thoughts of the Resur- 
rection morn. In spite of it all, the troops were very 
cheerful, and as they shook the snow from their uni- 
forms, began singing a song, the chorus of which was : 

" So let the wide world wag as it will, 
We'll be gay and happy still ! " 

After some delay we began our march against Bath 
on New Year's day 1862. It was one of the coldets 
winters known to the oldest inhabitant Snow, sleet 
and rain came down upon us in all their wrath. We 
had a skirmish on the march. General Jackson 
wished to drive the enemy's forces from the gap in 
Capon Mountain opposite Bath where they were 
posted. I begged him to allow me to bring up the 
First Tennessee regiment They were some distance 
in the rear, but I brought them forward in short time. 
As they passed by in double-quick, the General said 
to me : " What a splendid regiment ! " 

In his report of the engagement. General Jackson 
said : "The order to drive the enemy from the hill 
was undertaken with a patriotic enthusiasm which 
entitles the First Tennessee and its commander to 
special praise." It was here that Captain Bullock 
issued his unique command : ** Here, you boys, just 
separate three or four yards, and pie-root!" (pirou- 
ette). They did pirouette and made the enemy dance 
as well. 

As the Federal troops retreated through the gap in 
the mountain, they came face to face with a brigade 



38 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

of the Virginia Militia. Each fired a volley and fled 
as fast as legs could carry them, in opposite directions. 
To the boys looking down upon the scene from the 
mountain, it was a comical sight As the infantry 
put the Federals to flight on Capon Mountain, Captain 
Turner Ashby drove the Federal cavalry along the 
highway in the valley like leaves before the wind. 

We reached Romney without further obstruction. 
On Sunday I officiated in a church which was 
crowded to its utmost capacity. I shall never forget 
the grave attention which "Stonewall" Jackson paid 
to my discourse. The text from which I preached 
was : ** Be sure your sin will find you out*' 

The march from Winchester to Romney was one 
of great hardship and was utterly fruitless of military 
results. The situation in our camp in the latter part 
of January 1862, was rather disturbed. The two 
Generals, Stonewall Jackson and Loring, did not work 
well together. Their commands were separate. Jack- 
son commanded the Army of the Valley District; 
Loring the Army of the North West The former had 
written begging the Secretary of War to send Loring 
and all his forces to co-operate with him (Jackson), 
in that section and expressing the opinion that the 
two could drive the enemy from the whole region. 
The Secretary of War enclosed Jackson's letter to 
Loring, leaving the movement to his (Loring's) dis- 
cretion, but at the same time expressing his opinion 
and that of the President, as decidedly in favor of it 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 39 

Accordingly Loring went expecting some prompt 
and decided work. But no sooner had he arrived in 
Winchester, than General Jackson began to work to 
merge the two armies into one and to take General 
Loring's command under his control Jackson had 
but one brigade, while Loring had three under his 
control. The troops of the latter, from the highest 
officer to the lowest private, were perfectly devoted 
to their General. Of course a vast amount of ill feel- 
ing was stirred up, and the affair reached a climax 
when an order was issued for our troops to build 
winter quarters in Romney, while Jackson's brigade 
marched back to ease and comfort at Winchester. 

I cannot begin to tell all that our troops suffered 
through the stupidity and want of forethought, ( as I 
then thought it), of Major-General Jackson. It is 
enough to say that we were subjected to the severest 
trials that human nature could endure. We left 
Winchester with 2,700 men in General Anderson's 
Brigade of Tennesseeans. That number was reduced 
to 1,100. When we reached the position opposite 
the town of Hancock, Maryland, the First Regiment 
numbered 680. In Romney, it mustered only 230 
men fit for duty. I felt that General Loring ought 
to demand that he might be allowed to withdraw his 
forces from the command of Major-General Jackson. 

So far as the personal staff of General Loring ( in- 
cluding myself) was concerned, it was comfortably 
situated in a very pleasant new house. But no one 
could possibly imagine the horrible condition of affairs 



40 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

at Romney among the troops ; and when Stonewall 
Jackson took his command back to Winchester, the 
men of Loring's command shouted to them : "There 
go your F. F. V/s!*' The "pet lambs'' of the 
Stonewall Brigade were comfortably housed at Win- 
chester while the troops of Loring's command were 
left behind in Romney to endure the bitter, biting 
weather. 

This movement on the part of Jackson was the 
subject of much bitter comment A report thereof 
was taken to Richmond and laid before the Secretary 
of War. He was greatly surprised that Jackson 
should have withdrawn his forces to Winchester, leav- 
ing the reinforcing column behind, — or as it was ex- 
pressed at the time, "leaving the guests, — the invited 
guests, — out in the cold." As a result of the con- 
troversy that ensued, General Jackson was required 
by the Secretary of War to direct General Loring to 
return with his command to Winchester. This we 
did on the ist of February, and while in Winchester I 
was called to officiate at the funerals of a number of 
our men who had died from sickness and exposure. 
And it was while there that we received the news of 
the fall of Fort Donelson. 

Although Jackson complied with the order of the 
Secretary of War, he regarded it as a case of inter- 
ference with his command and took umbrage. It was 
by the exercise of great tact on the part of General 
Joseph E. Johnston, Commander-in-Chief of the 
Department, and of Governor John Letcher, of Vir- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 4 1 

ginia, that Jackson was prevailed upon to withhold 
his resignation, and his valuable services were pre- 
served to the army of the Confederacy. 

On the lOth of February, 1862, the First and Third 
Regiments, Tennessee Volunteers, with a Georgia 
Regiment, were by the command of the Secretary of 
War, ordered to proceed to Knoxville, Tennessee, 
and to report for duty to General Albert Sidney 
Johnston. A different disposition was made of the 
Seventh and Fourteenth Tennessee Volunteers and 
of an Arkansas Regiment, and all the remainder of the 
command of Brigadier-General Loring was to proceed 
to Manassas, Virginia, to report for duty to General 
Joseph E. Johnston. It was with a sad heart that 
"the boys** of the First Tennessee bade farewell, on 
the 7th of February, to the Seventh- and Fourteenth 
Regiments and to their warm-hearted and hospitable 
Virginia friends. 

During the march against Romney, General Loring 
had me commissioned by the Secretary of War as his 
aide-de-camp. I was very strongly opposed to hold- 
ing such a commission, and declined to accept, but I 
could not leave General Loring in the troubles and 
anxieties that distressed him, and so as a member of 
his staff, I travelled around considerably at that time, 
going from camp to camp, attending the trial of my 
friend at Staunton, and going to Richmond on mili- 
tary business. To get from Romney to Staunton on 
one occasion I had to take a horse-back ride of forty- 
three miles to Winchester, then to go by stage 



42 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

eighteen miles to Strasburg, and thence by rail via 
Manassas and Gordonsville. This was a roundabout 
way but was preferable at the time to a much shorter 
route down the valley from Winchester. 

On the 2 1st of February, I went with General 
Loring to Norfolk, to which point he had been 
ordered, instead, as I had hoped, to Georgia, where I 
would have been nearer my family. At this time he 
Was promoted to Major-General. We went, of course, 
by way of Richmond where I called with him on 
President Jefferson Davis and was very agreeably dis- 
appointed in his personal appearance and bearing. I 
might have witnessed the ceremonies of his inaugura- 
tion, but as the day set for that function proved very 
inclement, I was glad that I chose to spend it on the 
cars between Richmond and Norfolk. On that day 
General Loring had a very severe chill followed by 
congestion of the right lung, which was the precursor 
of an attack of pneumonia affecting both lungs. I 
watched by his bedside in Norfolk through all his 
illness, which prolonged my visit in that city for several 
weeks. 



CHAPTER IV 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE NORFOLK 

At Norfolk I had the pleasure of intercourse with 
such friends as John Tattnall, son of Commander Tatt- 
nall; Benjamin Loyall and Lieutenant Walter Butt 
of the ironclad "Virginia/* with the clergy of the city 
and with many charming families. How can I ever 
forget the old-time Virginia hospitality that was meted 
out to me — the enthusiastic reception I had from all 
kinds and conditions of men ? How well I remember 
Mr. Tazewell Taylor ! He was well up in genealogy, 
and not only knew all of the old families of Virginia, 
but the principal families of the whole South. It was 
quite delightful to hear him, ** in the midst of war's 
alarums," talk over **old times" and old folks. Those 
days before the war were all so different from what we 
have known since. No one born since the war can 
write intelligently of the blessed old days in the 
South. 

But if any one would read a true account of the 
trials and woes of a Southern household during the 
dreadful war-time, let him read **The Diary of a 
Southern Refugee During the War," written by Mrs. 
Judith W. McGuire for the members of her family, 
"who were too young to remember those days." 
Mrs. McGuire's book is a wonderful record of hope, 
joys, sorrows and trials, and of the way in which, 
amid it all, the faithful women of the South cheered 
the hearts of the heroes in the field. 



44 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

One Sunday in March I preached a sermon at St 
Paul's Church, (old St Paul's, built in 1739,) exhort- 
ing the people to the work before them, reminding 
them that in the conflict in which we were engaged, not 
only the rights of our people and the glory of our 
nation, but the Church of God was imperilled. It 
was my "old war sermon,*' rearranged for Virginia. 
At the solicitation of clergy and people formally pre- 
sented, I repeated it several times in Norfolk. On 
Ash Wednesday I preached again in St Paul's to a 
fine congregation and was requested to repeat my 
sermon, which was on the Good Samaritan, the fol- 
lowing Sunday in the same church and subsequently 
in Christ Church. 

I met many persons of distinction in the city. 
General Huger, who was in command in Norfolk, 
called upon me. General Howell Cobb was there as 
Commissioner on the part of the Confederate Govern- 
ment to arrange with General Wood on the part of 
the United States, about the exchange of prisoners. 

In the latter part of February, I became interested 
in the transformation by which the " Merrimac " be- 
came the ** Virginia " of the Confederate Navy. One 
day I slipped off from my patient. General Loring, 
while he was sleeping, and went to Portsmouth to 
visit the wonderful craft The part that appeared 
above water suggested to me a book opened at an 
angle of forty-five degrees and the fore edges of its 
cover placed on a table. At the bow was a sharp 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 45 

projection by which it was expected to pierce the side 
of any ship it might run against 

All the machinery was below water. The roof was 
about thirty-eight inches in thickness, of timber very 
heavily plated with iron. The fore and aft guns were 
the heaviest, carrying shot and shell eighty-five and 
ninety pounds in weight The others were very heavy 
also and magnificent of their kind. She carried ten 
guns in all. Her new steel-pointed and wrought iron 
shot were destined to do some terrific work. She 
was likely to escape injury unless struck below the 
water-line, and there was not much danger of that 
occurring as she was in a measure protected below 
that line also. She drew rather too much water, as 
Lieutenant Spotswood told me at the time of my 
visit 

While I was at Norfolk, the great battle between 
the "Virginia** and the "Monitor" and ships of war 
"Congress'* and "Cumberland** took place. I wit- 
nessed the destruction of the "Congress** and the 
"Cumberland.** The first days fight was on the 8th 
of March. By special invitation, the Rev. J. H. D. 
Wingfield, (who afterwards became Bishop of Northern 
California), celebrated the Blessed Sacrament in his 
church, (Trinity Church, Portsmouth), for the officers 
of the "Virginia** before they went into battle. 

When the "Virginia** cast off her moorings at 
Norfolk Navy Yard and steamed down the river, the 
"Congress" and the "Cumberland" (frigates) had 
been lying for some time off Newport News. Officers 



46 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

and men on the " Virginia'* were taking things quietly 
as if they were really on an ordinary trial trip. As 
they drew near the "Congress,** Captain Buchanan, 
the Commander of the "Virginia,** made a brief and 
stirring appeal to his crew, which was answered by 
cheers. He then took his place by the side of the 
pilot near the wheel. 

My friend Lieutenant J. R. Eggleston commanded 
the nine-inch broadside guns next abaft the engine- 
room hatch, and he was ordered to serve one of them 
with hot shot Suddenly he saw a great ship near at 
hand bearing down upon the "Virginia.** In a 
moment twenty-five solid shot and shell struck the 
sloping side of the "Virginia** and glanced high into 
the air, many of the shells exploding in their upward 
flight 

In reply to this broadside from the "Congress** 
one red hot shot and three nine-inch shells were 
hurled into her and the "Virginia** steamed on with- 
out pausing. Suddenly there was a jar as if the vessel 
had run aground. There was a cheering forward and 
Lieutenant Eggleston passed aft, waving his hat and 
crying: "We have sunk the * Cumberland.* ** She 
had been struck about amidship by the prow of the 
"Virginia,** and in sinking tore the prow from the 
bow of her assailant and carried it down with her. 
The "Virginia** then moved some distance up the 
river in order to turn about in the narrow channel. 

As soon as the "Congress** saw her terrible foe 
coming down upon her, she tried to escape under 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 47 

sail, but ran aground in the eflFort The "Virginia" 
took position under her stem and a few raking shots 
brought down her flag. Captain Porcher, in com- 
mand of the Confederate ship ** Beaufort," made an 
effort to take the officers and wounded men of the 
"Congress" prisoners. Two officers came on board 
the "Beaufort" and surrendered the "Congress." 
Captain Porcher asked them to get the officers and 
wounded men aboard his vessel as quickly as possible 
as he had been ordered to bum the "Congress." He 
was begged not to do so as there were sixty wounded 
men on board the "Congress," but his orders were 
peremptory. 

While he was making every effort to move the 
wounded, a tremendous fire was opened on the 
"Beaufort" from the shore. The Federal officers 
begged him to hoist a white flag lest all the wounded 
men should be killed. The fact that the Federals 
were firing on a white flag flying from the mainmast 
of the "Congress" was brought to the attention of 
the Federal officers, who claimed, however, that they 
were powerless to stop the fire as it proceeded from a 
lot of volunteers who were not under the control of 
the officers on board the "Beaufort" The fire con- 
tinuing. Captain Porcher retumed it, but with little 
effect He estimated the loss in the Federal fleet, in 
killed, drowned, wounded and missing, of nearly four 
hundred men. The total loss of the Confederates did 
not exceed sixty. Captain Buchanan and his flag- 
lieutenant were wounded and taken to the Naval 



48 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Hospital at Norfolk. Catesby Jones succeeded to the 
command of the "Virginia/* About an hour before 
midnight the fire reached the magazine of the "Con- 
gress" and she blew up. 

The next day the "Virginia" steamed out towards 
the "Minnesota," when the "Monitor" made her 
appearance. The latter came gallantly forward, and 
then began the first battle ever fought between iron- 
clads. It continued several hours, neither vessel, so 
far as could be ascertained at the time, inflicting by 
her fire any very serious damage on the other. 

The "Virginia" then got ready to try what ram- 
ming would do for the " Monitor." What it did was 
to silence the latter forever in the presence of the 
"Virginia." Unfortunately, just before the "Virginia" 
struck the "Monitor," the former stopped her engine 
under the belief that the momentum of the ship 
would prove sufficient for the work. Had the "Vir- 
ginia" kept on at full speed, she would undoubtedly 
have run the "Monitor" under. As it was, the latter 
got such a shaking up that she sought safety in shoal 
water whither she knew the "Virginia" could not 
follow her. It should be remembered that the "Vir- 
ginia " drew twenty-two feet of water and was very 
hard to manage, whereas the "Monitor" was readily 
managed and drew but ten feet of water. 

The following day the Rev. Mr. Wingfield was 
called upon to offer up prayers and thanksgiving for 
the victory, on board the gallant ship. It was a 
solemn, most impressive and affecting scene, as those 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 49 

valiant men of war fell upon their knees on the deck 
and bowed their heads in reverence and godly fear. 
The weather-beaten faces of many of the brave sea- 
men were observed to be bathed in tears and trem- 
bling with emotion under the influence of that 
memorable service. 

After this Commodore Tattnall was placed in com- 
mand of the " Virginia,'* and on the morning of the 
nth of April the "Virginia** went down Hampton 
Roads with the design of engaging the enemy to the 
fullest extent I received a concise cypher telegram, 
(** Splinters,** was all it said), from my dear friend 
John Tattnall, son of the Commodore, and I at once 
set out to see what was going on. With General 
Loring, (who was by that time fully recovered from 
his illness), and quite a party of friends and officers, I 
went down the bay in a cockle-shell of a steamer, to 
witness the engagement In order to provoke the 
enemy. Commodore Tattnall ordered two of his gun- 
boats to run into the transport anchorage and cut out 
such of the vessels as were lying nearest the "Vir- 
ginia.** This was successfully done within sight of 
and almost within gun-shot of the "Monitor,** but she 
could not be drawn into an engagement Although 
the enemy refused to fight, the "Monitor** threw a 
number of shells, several of which passed over our 
little steamer. We deemed it, therefore, good mili- 
tary, (and naval) tactics to withdraw and let the con- 
testants attend to their own business. 



CHAPTER V 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE PERRYVILLE 

Hearing about this time of the extreme illness of 
my Bishop, the Right Reverend James Hervey Otey, 
in Jackson, Mississippi, I left Norfolk, with consider- 
able regret, for the society of that city I had found 
most charming, and my stay there had been very 
pleasant I went by way of Mobile, having for my 
travelling companion from Montgomery, Alabama, to 
that city, Captain J. F. Lay, a brother of the then 
Bishop of Arkansas. The Captain was a member of 
Beauregard's staff. 

General Forney was in command at Mobile and I 
had a very pleasant chat with him. His left arm was 
still almost useless from a severe wound received in 
the Dranesville fight. I met also the Rev. Mr. Pierce, 
who afterwards became Bishop of Arkansas ; and 
Madame Le Vert, one of the most distinguished of 
Southern writers. I had a drive down the bay over 
one of the finest shell roads in the world. And on 
the Sunday that I spent in Mobile, I preached my 
**war sermon,'* — adapted, of course, to the people of 
Mobile. 

I found my beloved Bishop at the residence of 
Mrs. George Yerger, in Jackson, and remained in at- 
tendance on him for several weeks. He was then 
removed from Jackson to the residence of Mrs. 
Johnstone at Annandale. There he enjoyed all that 
kindness and wealth could give. He was able to 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 5 I 

drive out after a time, and I remember how 
thoroughly he enjoyed the music of the spring birds. 
There was one bird that he called the "wood-robin/* 
whose notes were especially enjoyed, and the carriage 
was frequently stopped that he might listen to the 
warbling of this bird. 

From Annandale I went to visit my family in 
Rome, Georgia, and spent some time in attendance 
upon the hospitals there. Then I returned to General 
Loring's headquarters for a brief visit to the General 
to whom I was warmly attached, and to make farewell 
visits to sundry officers and bid my old military com- 
panions a final adieu. For my intention it then was 
to leave the army. 

General Loring's headquarters were at New River, 
Virginia, at a place called the Narrows, because the 
river gashed through Peter's Mountain, which rises 
abruptly from the banks on either side. The General 
and all the staff gave me a most cordial greeting, but 
the former told me that I had no business to resign 
and that he had kept the place open for me. If I 
would not be his aide he had a place for me as chap- 
lain. But my resignation had already been accepted 
on the 14th of June by the Secretary of War. As 
soon as I had determined to resign, I forwarded to 
the Secretary of War a copy of my resignation to 
General Loring and the former had accepted it 

The General, Colonel Myer, Colonel Fitzhugh and 
myself, with a cavalry escort, went for a little outing 
to the Salt Sulphur Springs, dining on our way at the 



52 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Gray Sulphur Springs. The former place was really 
one of the pleasantest of all the watering places I 
visited in Virginia. The grounds were rolling, well 
laid out and very well shaded. The houses were 
principally of stone and capable of accommodating 
about four hundred guests. 

There were two springs of great value there, the 
Salt Sulphur and the Iodine. The first possessed all 
the sensible properties of sulphur water in general ; 
its odor, for instance, was very like that of a "tolera- 
ble egg,** and might be perceived at some distance 
from the Spring ; and in taste it was cousin-german to 
a strong solution of Epsom salts and magnesia. Like 
most of the sulphurous, this water was transparent and 
deposited a whitish sediment composed of its various 
saline ingredients mingled with sulphur. 

The Iodine Spring was altogether remarkable and 
was the only one possessing similar properties in all 
the country round. It was peculiarly adapted to 
cutaneous eruptions and glandular diseases. The 
Salt Sulphur Spring was hemmed in on every side by 
mountains. 

General William Wing Loring, of whom I was then 
taking my leave, was not only a very charming com- 
panion but he was altogether a remarkable man. A 
braver man never lived. He was a North Carolinian 
by birth, and only a few years older than myself 
Yet he was already the hero of three wars — the 
Seminole War, the War with Mexico and that in 
which we were then engaged. And in 1849 he had 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 53 

marched across the continent to Oregon with some 
United States troops as an escort for a party of gold- 
seekers. He had also engaged in Indian warfare and 
had taken part in the Utah Expedition in 1858. His 
frontier services in the United States Army were 
equalled only by those of that grand soldier, Albert 
Sidney Johnston. The following year, he had leave 
of absence from the army and visited Europe, Egypt 
and the Holy Land. He was in command of the 
Department of New Mexico in May 1861 and re- 
signed to accept a commission as Brigadier-General 
in the Confederate Army. 

As Major-General he served to the end of the war, 
leading a Division and frequently commanding a 
corps — always with credit to himself and to the ser- 
vice in which he was engaged. It was at Vicksburg, 
in 1863, that he received the familiar nickname of 
" Old Blizzard.** After the war he took service with 
the Khedive of Egypt as General of Brigade and was 
decorated in 1875 with the "Imperial Order of 
Osmariah,'* and was promoted to be General of 
a Division. Four years later he was mustered out of 
the Egyptian service. In 1883 he published "A 
Confederate Soldier in Egypt,'* — a most readable 
book. He died in New York city three years later 
at the age of sixty-eight 

I officiated at his funeral in St Augustine, Florida, 
on the 19th of March, 1886. The commanding 
General of the Army post at St Augustine acted as 
one of the pall-bearers, and at the cemetery the body 



54 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

was borne from the gun-carriage to the grave by three 
Federal and three ex-Confederate soldiers. A salute 
was fired at the grave by a battery of United Stsltes 
Artillery. 

I had looked toward the Diocese of Alabama for 
some parochial work, but the Bishop of Alabama, the 
Rt Rev. Dr. Wilmer, not only could offer me no 
work in his jurisdiction, but strongly advised me to 
go back to the army as chaplain and surgeon, assuring 
me that there was work for me in that capacity. In 
June, I had a petition from my old regiment to rejoin 
it I had no difficulty in getting a chaplain's com- 
mission. General Loring wrote me a strong letter, 
and that, with the aid of a telegram from General 
(and Bishop) Polk, secured it So I returned to the 
Army of Tennessee at Chattanooga, and was enthusi- 
astically received by the officers and members of my 
regiment ; and especially by General Polk and his 
staff, upon which I found my dear friends Colonel 
Harry Yeatman, Colonel William B. Richmond and 
Colonel William D. Gale. 

In August 1862 we advanced into Kentucky, 
crossing over Walden's Ridge and the Cumberland 
Mountains by way of Pikeville and Sparta, Tennessee. 
My first intention was to leave Chattanooga with 
General Polk and his staff, but on finding that Dr. 
Buist was going alone, I concluded to accompany 
him. So we two started off at 10 a.m. on the 28th of 
August, and following the route of our immense 
wagon train, which stretched out for miles along the 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 55 

road, we supposed we were all right and knew nothing 
to the contrary until we reached the top of Walden's 
Ridge where we found General Bragg, General Buck- 
ner and Governor Harris. The Governor put us 
right as to our way and we had a long ride back to 
get into the road taken by our Brigade, which was 
quite different from that taken by the wagon train. 

We rode until after four o'clock in the afternoon, 
and then stopped at a house that was crowded with 
soldiers and refugees. We had a bed made on the 
floor for us and, with many others, slept well until i 
a.m., when we started on, and after a couple of hours 
learned that the army had halted. We rode into 
camp, about thirty miles from Chattanooga, at dinner 
time with ravenous appetites. We were having pretty 
good living just then, for the country was admirably 
watered. A great many country women visited our 
camp to hear our band play. 

We continued our march to Mumfordville, Ken- 
tucky, where the Louisville and Nashville Railroad 
crosses Green River. There on the i6th of Septem- 
ber, with a loss of fifty killed and wounded, we captured 
some four thousand prisoners with as many guns and 
much ammunition, besides killing and wounding 
seven hundred of the enemy. The Federal forces 
were commanded by General Wilder, since the war 
a most prominent citizen of Chattanooga, for whom I 
entertain the heartiest and most cordial regard. 
General Chalmers, one of General Bragg's brigadiers, 
was conspicuous in this fight for the gallantry and 



56 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

skill with which he handled his troops. When the 
Federal forces surrendered on the 17th, I stood be- 
side the road and saw them lay down their arms. 
Though there were but four thousand, I thought as 
they passed by me that the whole Federal Army had 
surrendered to General Bragg. The night following 
this battle I found a sleeping place in a graveyard. 

On the 23 rd of September we reached Bardstown, 
Kentucky, and took possession. In the meantime 
General Buell, leaving a strong guard at Nashville, 
marched to Louisville where his army was increased 
to fully one hundred thousand men. It was not until 
October and after he had reorganized his army and 
was in danger of being superseded in the command 
thereof that he began his campaign against Gen- 
eral Bragg's forces. The latter had collected an im- 
mense train, mostly of Federal army wagons loaded 
with supplies. And it being clear that the two great 
objects of our invasion of Kentucky — the evacuation 
of Nashville and the inducement of Kentucky to join 
the Confederacy — would fail, Bragg decided only to 
gain time to effect a retreat with his spoils. He har- 
rassed the advance of Buell on Bardstown and Spring- 
field, retired to Danville and thence marched to Har- 
rodsburg to effect a juncture with General Kirby- 
Smith. 

On the 7th of October he moved to Perryville, 
where on Wednesday, the 8th, a battle was fought 
between a portion of Bragg's army and Buell's ad- 
vance, commanded by General McCook. At this 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 57 

battle of Perryville our regiment captured from the 
Federals four twelve-pounder Napoleon brass guns, 
which were afterwards, by special order, presented to 
the battery of Maney's Brigade. 

The night before the battle I shared blankets in a 
barnyard with General Leonidas Polk, Bishop of 
Louisiana. The battle began at break of day by an 
artillery duel, the Federal battery being commanded 
by Colonel Charles Carroll Parsons and the Confed- 
erates by Captain William W. Carnes. Colonel 
Parsons was a gradyate of West Point and Captain 
Carnes was a graduate of the Naval Academy at An- 
napolis. I took position upon an eminence at no 
great distance, commanding a fine view of the en- 
gagement, and there I watched the progress of the 
battle until duty called me elsewhere. 

Captain Carnes managed his battery with the 
greatest skill, killing and wounding nearly all the 
officers, men and horses connected with Parsons' 
battery. Parsons fought with great bravery and cool- 
ness and continued fighting a single gun until the 
Confederate infantry advanced. The officer in com- 
mand ordered Colonel Parsons to be shot down. As 
the muskets were leveled at him, he drew his sword 
and stood at "parade rest," ready to receive the fire. 
The Confederate Colonel was so impressed with this 
display of calm courage that he ordered the guns 
lowered, saying: "No! you shall not shoot down such 
a brave man !'* And Colonel Parsons was allowed to 
walk off the field. 



58 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Subsequently I captured Colonel Parsons for the 
ministry of the Church in the Diocese of Tennessee. 
He was brevetted for his bravery at Penyville and he 
performed other feats of bravery in the war. At 
Murfreesboro he repelled six charges, much of the 
time under musketry fire. He was often mentioned 
in official reports of battles. After the war he was on 
frontier duty until 1868 when he returned to West 
Point as a Professor. Shortly after my consecration 
as Bishop of Tennessee, I preached in the Church of 
the Holy Trinity, Brooklyn, New York, on "Repent- 
ance and the Divine Life." This sermon made a 
deep impression upon Colonel Parsons, as he told me 
when I subsequently met him at a reception at the 
residence of the Hon. Hamilton Fish. 

I visited him twice at West Point by his invitation, 
and a correspondence sprang up between us. In 1870 
he resigned his commission in the army to enter the 
ministry. He studied theology with me at Memphis, 
and it was my privilege to ordain him to the diaconate 
and advance him to the priesthood. His first work 
was at Memphis. Then for a while he was at Cold 
Spring, New York. He returned, however, to Mem- 
phis and became rector of a parish of which Mr. 
Jefferson Davis was a member and a vestryman. He 
remained heroically at his post of duty during the 
great epidemic of yellow fever in 1878. He was 
stricken with the fever and died at my Episcopal 
residence on the 6th of September. Captain Cames 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 59 

was the first man I confirmed after my consecration 
to the Episcopate of Tennessee. 

With the advance of Cheatham's division the battle 
of Perryville began in good earnest. General 
Cheatham was supported by General Cleburne and 
G^ieral Bushrod Johnson, but it was not long before 
the whole Confederate line from right to left was ad- 
vancing steadily, driving back the enemy. It was a 
fierce struggle. Until nightfall the battle raged with 
unexampled fury, — a perfect hurricane of shell tore 
up the earth and scattered death on all sides, while 
the storm of musketry mowed down the opposing 
ranks. Maney's Brigade did the most brilliant fight- 
ing of the day. It was in the charge by which the 
Federal Battery was captured that Major-General 
Jackson of the Federal Army was killed. 

It was shortly after noon that the battle began with 
a sudden crash followed by a prolonged roar. I was 
resting at the time in the woods, discussing questions 
of theology with the Rev. Dr. Joseph Cross, a Wes- 
leyan chaplain whom I had first met on the march 
into Kentucky. I sprang to my horse at once and 
said to him : "Let us go ! There will be work enough 
for us presently !" He mounted his horse and fol- 
lowed me up a hill where we paused in full view of 
the enemy's line. I dismounted and sat down in the 
shelter of a large tree, saying as I did so : **You 
better get off your horse ! The enemy is training a 
battery this way and there will be a shell here in a 
short time !'* 



60 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Scarcely were the warning words uttered than a 
shell struck the tree twenty feet above my head and a 
shower of wooden splinters fell about me. I jumped 
into my saddle again and rode at full speed down the 
hill, followed by my friend, who shouted with laughter 
at what he called my resemblance to an enormous 
bird in flight, with my long coat-skirts like wings lying 
horizontal on the air. When he overtook me at the 
creek, I said to him : "This is the place. You will 
remain with me and I shall give you something more 
serious to do than laughing at a flying buzzard." Dr. 
Cross assisted me that fearful day. We met many 
times subsequently during the war and afterwards, I 
ordained him deacon and priest, and he was for a 
time on my staff of clergy in the Diocese of Tennes- 
see. 

When the wounded were brought to the rear, at 
three o'clock in the afternoon, I took my place as a 
surgeon on Chaplain's Creek, and throughout the rest 
of the day and until half past five the next morning, 
without food of any sort, I w'as incessantly occupied 
with the wounded. It was a horrible night I spent, — 
God save me from such another. I suppose excite- 
ment kept me up. About half past five in the morn- 
ing of the 9th, I dropped, — I could do no more. I 
went out by myself and leaning against a fence, I 
wept like a child. And all that day I was so unnerved 
that if any one asked me about the regiment, I could 
make no reply without tears. Having taken off my 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 6 1 

shirt to tear into strips to make bandages, I took a 
severe cold. 

The total loss of the Confederates, (whose force 
numbered of all arms only 16,000), was 510 killed, 
2,635 wounded and 251 captured or missing, and of 
this loss a great part was sustained by our regiment 
How well I remember the wounded men ! One of 
the Rock City Guard, brought to me mortally 
wounded, cried out : "Oh, Doctor, I have been pray- 
ing ever since I was shot that I might be brought to 
you." One of the captains was wounded mortally, 
it was thought at first, but it was afterwards learned 
that the ball which struck him in the side, instead of 
passing through his body, had passed around under 
the integuments. Lieutenant Woolridge had both 
eyes shot out and still lives. A stripling of fifteen 
years fell in the battle apparently dead, shot through 
the neck and collar-bone, but is still living. Lieut- 
enant-Colonel Patterson was killed at his side. The 
latter was wounded in the arm early in the action. 
He bound his handkerchief around his arm and in the 
most gallant and dashing style urged his men forward 
until a grape shot struck him in the face killing him 
instantly. 

Two days after the battle I went to the enemy's 
line with a flag of truce. And the following day 
General Polk, (who had won the hearts of the whole 
army), asked me to go with him to the church in 
Harrodsburg. I obtained the key and as we entered 
the holy house, I think that we both felt that we were 



62 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

in the presence of God. General Polk threw his arms 
about my neck and said: **0h, for the blessed days 
when we walked in the house of God as friends ! Let 
us have prayer!*' 

I vested myself with surplice and stole and entered 
the sanctuary. The General knelt at the altar railing. 
I said the Litany, used proper prayers and supplica- 
tions, and then turned to the dear Bishop and General 
and pronounced the benediction from the office for 
the visitation of the sick. "Unto God's gracious 
mercy and protection I commit thee. The Lord 
bless thee and keep thee. The Lord make His face 
to shine upon thee and be gracious unto thee. The 
Lord lift up the light of His countenance upon thee 
and give thee peace, both now and evermore. 
Amen." 

The Bishop bowed his head upon the railing and 
wept like a child on its mother's breast Shortly 
after this service, General Kirby-Smith begged me 
that he might go to the church with me, so I returned, 
and he too was refreshed at God's altar. 

General Kirby-Smith was a most remarkable 
character. A few years later it was my pleasure to 
have him as one of my neighbors at Sewanee, Ten- 
nessee, where he did much towards making the Uni- 
versity of the South what it is. He was kindly, 
big-hearted, and no man was a better friend. He was 
a very devoted communicant of the church, and 
during the war, whenever opportunity offered, he held 
services and officiated as lay-reader. In an epidemic 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 63 

of cholera at Nashville, some years after the war, he 
was called upon to say the burial office over his own 
rector who had died of the dread disease. He en- 
tered upon his duties in the University of the South 
in 1875, as Professor of Mathematics and gave a great 
deal of attention to botany and natural science. 

His end on the 28th of March, 1893, was very 
peaceful. He died as he had lived — bright, strong 
in his Christian faith and hope. One of his last con- 
nected utterances was the fourth verse from the 
twenty-third Psalm. On Good Friday, the 31st of 
March, 1893, it was my high privilege to commit his 
body to the earth in the cemetery at Sewanee. 



CHAPTER VI 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE MURFREESBORO 

After the battle of PerryviUe, both Bragg and Kir- 
by-Smith were compelled to retreat by way of Cum- 
berland Gap to Chattanooga. During this retreat I 
was in charge of the regiment as surgeon, Dr. Buist 
having been left behind to care for our sick and 
wounded. Every morning I filled my canteen with 
whiskey and strapped it to the pommel of my saddle 
to help the wearied and broken down to keep up in 
the march. I was riding a splendid bay which had 
been brought from Maury County and presented to 
me by the members of the regiment He was the 
best saddle horse I ever rode. One day the colonel 
commanding the regiment rode up to me on his old 
gray nag and said: ** Doctor, this horse of mine is 
very rough. Would you mind exchanging with me 
for a little while?'' 

I was off my horse before he had finished speaking. 
With a smiling countenance and a look of great grat- 
itude he mounted my bay and rode off some hundred 
yards or more to the front, accompanied by the lieu- 
tenant-colonel, the major and one or two other of- 
ficers — ^when they wheeled and saluted me, the colonel 
holding aloft my canteen of whiskey and waving it 
with great glee, each one taking a drink. When that 
canteen was returned to me every drop of the whiskey 
had disappeared. I was an "innocent abroad." 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 6$ 

From Chattanooga I went to Rome, Georgia, to 
visit my family and to obtain some fresh clothing of 
which I was sorely in need. There were many hos- 
pitals established there and among them was one 
named for me, "Quintard Hospital." I spent much 
of my time in the hospitals, and also went to Colum- 
bus, Georgia, to secure clothing for my regiment 
Mr. Rhodes Brown, President of one of the principal 
woolen mills in Columbus, gave me abundant sup- 
plies of the very best material. Besides this generous 
donation, he gave me a thousand dollars to use as I 
saw fit 

After some weeks I rejoined the army which had 
moved on to Murfreesboro. On my way up, I met 
at Stevenson, Alabama, Captain Jack Butler of my 
regiment, who informed me that a telegraphic dis- 
patch from General Polk had just passed over the line 
ordering me to Murfreesboro. I asked how he knew 
it, and he told me that he had caught it as it clicked 
over the wire, which seemed very wonderful to me 
then. Immediately on reaching Murfreesboro I re- 
ported to General Polk and said : ** General, I am here 
in response to your telegram." He was greatly as- 
tonished and asked how it was possible for me to have 
made the journey from Rome, Georgia, in so brief a 
time. 

General Bragg, who was in command at Murfrees- . 
boro, was attacked by Rosecrans on the last day of 
the year 1862. A great battle resulted and the 
fighting continued until the 2d day of January, 1863. 



66 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

I was on the field dressing the wounded, as usual, 
when an order came for me to repair to the hospitals. 
While crossing the fields on my way to the hospitals 
in town, a tremendous shell came flying towards me, 
and I felt sure it would strike me in the epigastric re- 
gion. . I leaned down over the pommel of my saddle 
and the shell passed far above my head. As I rose 
to an upright position, I found that my watchguard 
had been broken and that a gold cross which had 
been suspended from it, was lost I never expected 
to see it again. The next day, a colonel, moving with 
his command at "double quick*' in line of battle, 
picked up the cross and returned it to me the day 
following. It is still in my possession — a valued relic 
of the Battle of Murfreesboro. 

As Dr. Buist was still in Perryville, Kentucky, I was 
practically surgeon of the regiment. As the wounded 
of the First Tennessee were brought in, they always 
called for me, and it was my high privilege to attend 
nearly, if not quite all, the wounded of my regiment 
Some of them were desperately wounded; among 
these was Bryant House, nicknamed among the boys, 
who were artists in bestowing nicknames, "Shanty.** 
He had been shot through the body. The surgeon 
into whose hands he had first fallen told him that it 
was impossible to extract the ball and that there was 
no hope for him. "Well, send for my chaplain,** he 
said, doubtless thinking that I would offer up a prayer 
in his behalf Instead of that, however, I went in 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 6/ 

search of the ball with my surgical instruments, and 
was successful. ''Shanty*' died in September, 1895. 
He was for years after the war a conductor on the 
Nashville, Chattanooga and St Louis Railway, and 
took great delight in telling this story. 

I continued at work in the hospital located in Soule 
College until the army was about to fall back to Shel- 
byville, when I was sent for by General Polk, who 
asked if I would go to Chattanooga in charge of Wil- 
lie Huger, whose leg had been amputated at the 
thigh. He was placed in a box car with a number of 
other wounded men and I held the stump of his 
thigh in my hands most of the journey. When we 
reached Chattanooga I was more exhausted than my 
patient I remained with him for some time. The 
dear fellow finally recovered, married a daughter of 
General Polk, and now resides in New Orleans. 

General James E. Rains, a member of my parish in 
Nashville, fell while gallantly leading his men at the 
battle of Murfreesboro. General Hanson of Ken- 
tucky, likewise gave up his life. His last words were : 
**I am willing to die with such a wound in so glorious 
a cause!'* Here it was that Colonel Marks, after- 
wards Governor of Tennessee, was severely wounded 
and lamed for life. 

After the first day's fight. General Bragg sent a tel- 
egram to Richmond in the following words: *'God 
has indeed granted us a happy New Year." But 
subsequently hearing that Rosecrans was being heav- 



68 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

ily reinforced from Nashville, he retired to Shelby- 
ville, carrying with him his prisoners and the spoils of 
battle, for the Confederates captured and carried off 
30 cannon, 6,000 small arms, and over 6,000 prison- 
ers, including those captured by cavalry in the rear of 
the Union army. Wheeler's cavalry also captured 
and burned 800 wagons. 



CHAPTER VII 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE ^SHELBYVILLE 

Having placed Willie Huger in comfortable quar- 
ters in Chattanooga and watched over him as long 
as I was able to, I returned to the army. At 
Shelbyville, I found General Polk's headquarters oc- 
cupying the grounds of William Gosling, Esquire. 
The Gosling family were old friends of mine and in- 
sisted upon my making their house my home. Gen- 
eral Polk had his office in the house. Mrs. Gosling 
was an ideal housekeeper and made me feel in every 
respect at home. 

We remained nearly six months in Shelbyville, 
most of the army being camped about Tullahoma. 
Soon after the Battle of Murfreesboro, General Bragg 
was removed from the command of the Army of the 
Tennessee and General Johnston was sent to Shelby- 
ville. 

On the 7th of February, 1863, we had a grand re- 
view by General Johnston, who rode my horse — to 
me the most interesting item of the review. For I 
had seen so much of marching and countermarching 
that I was tired of it all — thoroughly disgusted indeed. 
It was a brilliant pageant, nevertheless. The troops 
looked and marched well, and General Johnston ex- 
pressed the greatest satisfaction with what he wit- 
nessed. He said he had never seen men he would 
rather trust. 



70 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

I found General Johnston a charming man. I was 
consliantly with him at General Polk's headquarters 
and enjoyed his visit to the army very much. He 
was of perfectly simple manners, of easy and graceful 
carriage and a good conversationalist. He had used 
his utmost endeavor to keep General Bragg in com- 
mand of the Army of the Tennessee; though when he 
was ordered, in May, to take command of the forces 
of Mississippi, General Bragg remarked to me, "Doc- 
tor, he was kept here too long to watch me!** Af- 
terwards in command of the Army of the Tennessee, 
no man enjoyed a greater popularity than he did. 
Soldiers and citizens alike recognized that General 
Johnston possessed a solid judgment, invincible firm- 
ness, imperturbable self-reliance and a perseverance 
which no difficulties could subdue. 

It was my privilege to be frequently with the Gen- 
eral after the war and more and more he entered into 
the religious life, illustrating in his daily walk and 
conversation the highest type of the Christian gentle- 
man. He was one of the pall-bearers at the funeral 
of General Sherman at a time when his health was far 
from strong. He caught cold and died of heart fail- 
ure in March, 189 1. 

The weather was at times very inclement while we 
were in Shelbyville and I suffered much illness. I 
kept at my work as well as I could, however, and 
often I preached before distinguished congregations ; 
as, for example, when Generals Johnston, Polk, 
Cheatham and nearly all the general officers and staffs 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 7 1 

were present The congregations were usually large. 

I recall reading with a great deal of zest, on^day 
when the weather was very inclement and I was by 
illness kept in the house, a publication entitled "Rob- 
inson Crusoe/* Perhaps my readers may have heard 
of such a book. And one night in February, General 
Polk and I remained up until two o'clock, and the 
Bishop-General gave me a detailed account of the 
manner in which his mind was turned to serious 
things while he was at West Point — practically the 
same story that may be found in Dr. William M. 
Polk's recently published life of his father. 

On another occasion the General and I were riding 
out together and he mentioned the following odd in- 
cident to me : His eldest son when at college in the 
North purchased a gold-headed walking-stick as a 
present to the Bishop. Wishing his name and seal 
engraved upon it, the son took it to an engraver in 
New York, giving him a picture of the Bishop's seal 
as published in a Church Almanac. The seal was 
a simple shield having for its device a . cross in the 
center, with a crosier and key laid across it By 
some hocus pocus the artist engraved a crosier and a 
sword instead of the key. The Bishop had the cane 
still when he told me this, and I think it was his in- 
tention to adopt that device as his seal thenceforth. 
But, of course, as we all know, the Bishop's death be- 
fore the close of the war prevented his adopting a seal 
for his future work in the Episcopate. 



Jl DOCTOR QUINTARD 

It must not be supposed, however, that my time 
was idly spent in Shelbyville or in reading such books 
as "Robinson Crusoe" and listening to the charming 
conversation of General Polk and others. On the 
2nd of March, at the request of my fellow-chaplains, 
General Bragg issued an order to the effect that I was 
assigned to duty at the general hospitals of Polk's 
corps, and was to proceed to a central point and there 
establish my office. With the approval of Medical Of- 
ficers, I was to visit the different hospitals, rendering 
such services and affording such relief and consolation 
to the sick and wounded as a minister only could 
give. 

On my copy of this order was endorsed "Trans- 
portation furnished in kind from Wartrace to Atlanta, 
Mch. 3, *63.** So I went off and was gone sev- 
eral weeks, visiting my family in Rome, Georgia, 
before my return. I made also a trip to Columbia, 
Tennessee, on business relating to my new appoint- 
ment — a distance of forty miles from Shelbyville, over 
roads none of the best at that time. 

While I was in Rome I received a very character- 
istic letter from my friend. Colonel Yeatman, on 
Polk's staff, which gave me an amusing account of the 
services held in Shelbyville on the day appointed by 
the President of the Confederate States to be observed 
as a day of fasting and prayer. The chaplain of an 
Alabama regiment preached a very good sermon, the 

letter says, and then "your brother wound up 

with a prayer — eminently a war prayer — in which 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 73 

he prayed that their ( the Yankees') moral sensibili- 
ties might be awakened by the 'roar of our cannon 
and the gleam of our bayonets and that the stars and 
bars might soon wave in triumph through these be- 
leagured states !' and then after prescribing a course 
which he desired might be followed by the Lord, he 
quit** It is such a good example of the manner in 
which some persons attempt to preach to the people 
while they pray to God, that it is quite worth quoting 
here. 

The visit of Bishop Elliott, of Georgia, to Shelby- 
ville was a great event He arrived on the 23rd of 
May and was most affectionately welcomed by his 
friend General Polk, and remained with us at Mr. 
Gosling's house two weeks. Services were held every 
day and the Bishop preached. Everywhere he was 
received most enthusiastically. The Presbyterian 
Church in Shelbyville, was by far the largest church 
building in the town, and as it was without a pastor 
at the time, I had been invited to occupy it and had 
accepted the very kind invitation. We accordingly 
held services there on Sunday, the 24th of May. In 
the morning I said the service and the Bishop cele- 
brated the Holy Communion and preached. In the 
afternoon the Bishop preached one of his most elo- 
quent sermons, and I presented a class of ten persons 
for confirmation. It included Colonel Yeatman ; 
Colonel Porter (of the Sixth Tennessee) ; Major Hox- 
ton. Chief of Artillery on Hardee's staff ; Lieutenant 
Smith, on General Cheatham's staff; Surgeon Green, 



74 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

(Fourth Tennessee); four privates of my own regi- 
ment ; one private of the Fifly-first Alabama Cavalry ; 
and a lady. 

It was a very novel sight to see a large Church 
crowded in every part with officers and soldiers. 
Scarcely a dozen of the gentler sex were to be seen. 
The attention of this large body of soldiers was 
earnest and like that of men who were thoughtful 
about their souls. 

Being anxious for the Bishop to officiate for my 
regiment, I made an appointment with him for the 
following day, to preach to the brigade under General 
George Maney, at their camp. The service was held 
at the headquarters of Colonel Porter of the Sixth 
Regiment The attendance was very large and the 
Bishop said he had never had a more orderly or at- 
tentive congregation in a church. I conducted the 
service and the Bishop preached. 

On Tuesday I was very unwell but felt it my duty 
to drive six miles to the front and visit, with the 
Bishop, the Brigade of General Manigault, of South 
Carolina. He was on outpost duty and was only 
a few miles from the pickets of General Rose- 
crans* army. The service was at five o'clock. The 
whole brigade was in attendance, having been 
marched to the grove arranged for the service, under 
arms. I assisted in the service and undertook to 
baptize a captain of the Twenty-eighth Alabama, but 
was taken ill, and being unable to proceed, the 
Bishop took my place. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 75 

It was a very solemn service indeed. The Captain 
knelt in the presence of his brother soldiers and en- 
listed under the banner of Christ Crucified. After 
which the Bishop preached to the assembled officers 
and soldiers seated on the ground in concentric 
circles. It was an admirable extempore discourse 
which fell with great effect upon the hearts of all who 
heard it 

On returning to Shelbyville, I betook myself to 
bed, and using proper remedies, I had a comfortable 
night The following day, I fasted and lounged 
about headquarters. Mr. Vallandigham, who had 
been sent to us by the Federal authorities because of 
what were regarded as disloyal utterances made in 
political speeches in Ohio, dined with us, and my 
great desire to see him gave me strength to endure a 
long sitting at table, though I ate nothing. 

Mr. Vallandigham was altogether a different man 
from what I had expected. He was about my own 
age and height, had remarkably fine features, a frank, 
open countenance, beautiful teeth and a color indi- 
cating very high health. He wore no side-whiskers 
nor moustache but a beard slightly tinged with gray, 
on his chin. In manner he was extremely easy and 
polite ; in conversation very fluent and entertaining. 
He was greatly pleased with the kind reception he 
had met from the officers of the army and the citizens 
of Shelbyville, but was very desirous of avoiding all 
public demonstration. 



76 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

On Thursday morning, feeling much better, I ac- 
companied Bishop Elliott to Wartrace, the head- 
quarters of General Hardee. General Polk and 
Colonel Richmond accompanied us. Later Colonel 
Yeatman brought Mr. Vallandigham over in General 
Polk's ambulance and we had a "goodlie companie." 
At eleven o'clock we held a service in the Presby- 
terian Church, the use of which was kindly tendered 
me. There was a large congregation, consisting of 
officers, soldiers and ladies. The Bishop read part of 
the morning service and I preached an extempore 
sermon. I had not expected to say anything, but the 
Bishop having declined to preach, I was determined 
not to disappoint the congregation altogether. And 
I had great reason to be thankful that I did preach, 
for it gave me the opportunity to have a long and 
very delightful conversation with General Hardee 
about confirmation. In the afternoon, services were 
to have been held for the brigades of General Wood 
and General Lucius Polk, but rain coming on, and 
the services having been arranged for the open air, it 
was thought best to postpone them to a future oc- 
casion. 

The train that evening brought a very agreeable 
addition to our party in the person of Lieutenant- 
Colonel Freemantle of the Coldstream Guard of the 
British Army. The Guard was the oldest regiment 
in the British service. Colonel Freemantle was only 
about eight and twenty, and was on furlough, — just 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE TJ 

taking a hasty tour through the Confederacy to look 
at our army and become acquainted with our officers. 
He was very intelligent and very companionable. 
His grandfather and his father were adjutants of the 
Coldstream Guard, and he had held the same office. 
His family was an ancient and honorable one, and he 
seemed worthy to wear his ancestral honors. He 
accompanied General Polk and myself to Shelbyville 
the next day, and was for a while the General's guest 
He had left England three months before and had 
come into the Confederacy by way of Texas. 

The following Sunday I held services again in the 
Presbyterian Church at Shelbyville, preached to a 
crowded congregation, and presented another class to 
the Bishop for confirmation. In the afternoon we 
drove to Wartrace where I said Evening Prayer at the 
headquarters of General Wood, and the Bishop 
preached to an immense concourse. Between four 
and five thousand persons were present and the ser- 
vices were most impressive and solemn. 

On Monday morning, (June ist), we attended a 
review of General Liddell's brigade. After the review, 
General Hardee had the brigade formed in a hollow 
square and the Bishop addressed it briefly upon the 
religious aspects of the struggle in which we were en- 
gaged. 

A memorable incident of Bishop Elliott's visit to 
our army was General Bragg*s baptism and confirma- 
tion. As soon as I found that the Bishop was able to 



78 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

give US a visit, I made very earnest appeals to the 
officers and soldiers of our army to confess Christ 
before men. But there was one man in the army 
whom I felt I could never get at He was the Com- 
mander-in-chief, General Braxton Bragg. He had the 
reputation of being so stem and so sharp in his sarcasm, 
that many men were afraid to go near him. Yet I 
had often thought of him in connection with my work. 
He never came to the Holy Communion, and I never 
heard of his being a member of any religious denom- 
ination. 

Immediately after I received notice of Bishop 
Elliott's proposed visit, I determined to have a talk 
with General Bragg. It was late one afternoon when 
I started for his headquarters. I found two tents and 
a sentry at the outer one, and when I asked for 
General Bragg the sentry said: **You cannot see 
him. He is very busy, and has given positive orders 
not to be disturbed, except for a matter of life and 
death." 

That cooled my enthusiasm and I returned to my 
own quarters ; but all the night long I blamed myself 
for my timidity. 

The next day I started out again, found the same 
sentry and received the same reply. This time, how- 
ever, I was resolved to see the General, no matter 
what happened, so I said : 

"It £f a matter of life and death.'* 

The sentry withdrew and in a few minutes returned 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 79 

and said : "You can see the General, but I advise 
you to be brief. He is not in a good humour." 

This chilled me, but I went in. I found the Gen- 
eral dictating to two secretaries. He met me with : 
"Well, Dr. Quintard, what can I do for you ? I am 
quite busy, as you see.** 

I stammered out that I wanted to see him alone. 
He replied that it was impossible, but I persisted. 
Finally he dismissed the secretaries, saying to me 
rather sternly: "Your business must be of grave im- 
portance, sir.'* 

I was very much frightened, but I asked the Gen- 
eral to be seated, and then, fixing my eyes upon a 
knot-hole in the pine board floor of the tent, talked 
about our Blessed Lord, and about the responsibilities 
of a man in the General's position. When I looked 
up after a while I saw tears in the General's eyes and 
took courage to ask him to be confirmed. At last he 
came to me, took both my hands in his and said : "I 
have been waiting for twenty years to have some one 
say this to me, and I thank you from my heart 
Certainly, I shall be confirmed if you will give me the 
necessary instruction." 

I had frequent interviews with him subsequently on 
the subject and he was baptized and confirmed. The 
latter service took place in Shelbyville, on the after- 
noon of our return from Wartrace. Wishing to make 
the usual record, I asked the General to give me the 
names of his parents and the date of his birth. ' In 
reply he sent me the following note : 



80 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

My dear Doctor: I was bom in the town of Warrenton, 
Warren County, North Carolina, on the 21st of June, 1817, son 
of Thomas Bragg and Margaret Crossland, his wife. Though 
too late in seeking, [but not,] I hope, in obtaining the pardon 
ofiFered to all who penitently confess, I trust time will yet be 
allowed me to prove the sincerity with which I have at last un- 
dertaken the task. For the kindness and consideration of your- 
self and the good and venerable Bishop, for whom my admira- 
tion has ever been very great, I shall never cease to be grateful. 
My mind has never been so much at ease, and I feel renewed 
strength for the task before me. 

Faithfully yours, 

Braxton Bragg. 

Toward the end of our stay in Shelbyville, it was 
my privilege to assist in getting two ladies through 
the enemy's lines. The Rev. Mr. Clark, rector of St 
Paul's Church, Augusta, Georgia, had been appointed 
by the Bishop of Georgia, a Missionary to the Army, 
— that is, a sort of Chaplain under diocesan control 
and for whose support the Confederate Government 
was in no way responsible. The plan was intended 
to continue the work which the Bishop had begun by 
his visit to our army. Mr. Clark desired to send his 
mother and sister to Nashville, and communicating 
with me in advance, I made all necessary arrange- 
ments for their transit through the lines before they 
arrived in our camp at Shelbyville. I obtained a pass 
from General Bragg and his permission for Mr. Ed- 
mund Cooper, of Shelbyville, to write such letters to 
Federal officers as he saw fit Mr. Cooper was in a 
position to be of great service to us, for although a 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 8 1 

Union man and afterwards private secretary to Presi- 
dent Johnson and Assistant Secretary of the United 
States Treasury, his brothers were in the Confederate 
Army. He accordingly gave us letters to General 
Rosecrans and Governor Andrew Johnson. General 
Wheeler wrote to Colonel Webb, in command of our 
outposts, requesting him to do all in his power for the 
welfare of the party. 

In the morning the two ladies, accompanied by the 
Rev. Mr. Clark, my old class-mate Dr. Frank Stan- 
ford, then General Wheeler's Medical Director, and 
myself, left Shelbyville in a fine four-horse ambulance. 
On our way **to the front," nine miles out, we reach- 
ed General Martin's headquarters, where our pass- 
ports were examined and approved. Three miles 
further on, we reached Colonel Webb, who gave us a 
note to Lieutenant Spence of the outer picket, still 
three miles further in advance. Lieutenant Spence 
conducted us to a house where we were kindly re- 
ceived and made to feel quite at home. He sent one 
of his scouts forward to the residence of Colonel 
Lytle, two miles further on in the "neutral ground," 
to inform him of our arrival and to take letters to him 
from Mr. Cooper and myself asking his assistance in 
conveying the ladies through the enemy's lines. 

About two o'clock Colonel and Mrs. Lytle arrived 
in their carriage. The latter kindly offered to accom- 
pany the ladies through the Federal lines to the house 
of a friend where they could remain until they could 

G 



82 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

communicate with General Rosecrans. At this point 
we made our adieus and on returning to camp stop- 
ped for dinner at Colonel, (afterward General) Strahl's 
headquarters. The day was a pleasant one and the 
whole party was greatly pleased with the trip. The 
Rev. Mr. Clark remained with me over the following 
Sunday and held services for one of our regiments. 



CHAPTER VIII 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE A DRAMATIC EPISODE 

A SHORT time before we left Shelbyville I was a 
participant in one of the most solemn, and at the 
same time one of the most dramatic, scenes of my 
whole life. 

I was requested one day by General Polk to visit 
two men who were sentenced to be shot within a few 
days for desertion. One of them belonged to the 
Nineteenth Tennessee Regiment and the other to the 
Eighth Tennessee. The former was a man forty- 
seven years of age, the latter not more than twenty- 
three. 

I cannot describe the feelings which oppressed me 
on my first visit in compliance with the General's 
request I urged upon both men, with all the powers 
of my persuasion, an attention to the interests of their 
souls. The younger man was, I believe, really in 
earnest in endeavouring to prepare for death, but the 
other seemed to have no realizing sense of his condi- 
tion. I found that the younger man had a Cumber- 
land Presbyterian minister for a Chaplain for whom I 
sent and who would minister to him. 

I called upon Governor Harris and begged him to 
see the judges of the Court and find if there was any 
possibility of having the men pardoned. I never 
begged so hard for anything in my life as for the lives 
of these men. I had a special sympathy for the older 



84 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

man, for he had deserted to visit his wife and chil- 
dren. However, the day came for their execution. 

The Cumberland Presbyterian Chaplain baptized 
the man belonging to his regiment I remained in 
town the night preceding the day appointed for the 
execution, and from eight o'clock to nine, the Cum- 
berland Presbyterian Chaplain and myself engaged in 
prayer privately in behalf of the condemned men. 

At seven in the morning I gave them the most 
comfortable Sacrament of Christ's Body and Blood. 
Both prisoners seemed deeply and profoundly peni- 
tent and to be very much in earnest in preparing for 
death. The room in which they were confined was 
a very mean and uncleanly one. Half the window 
was boarded up, and the light struggled through the 
dirt that begrimed the other half But the Sacrament 
Itself and the thought that the prisoners would so 
soon be in Eternity, made it all very solemn. The 
prisoners made an effort to give themselves up to 
God, and seemed to feel that this was the occasion for 
bidding farewell to earth and earthly things. I pro- 
nounced the benediction, placing my hand upon the 
head of each, and commending them to the mercy of 
God. 

At eight o'clock, the older man, to whom I was to 
minister in his last moments, was taken from his cell, 
ironed hand and feet. He was placed in an ambu- 
lance, surrounded by a guard, and we started for the 
brigade of Colonel Strahl, seven miles out of town. 
On reaching Strahl' s headquarters, the prisoner was 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 8$ 

placed in a room and closely guarded until the hour 
fixed for his execution, — one o'clock, — should arrive. 
A squad of twenty-four men was marched into the 
yard, and stacking arms, was marched off in order 
that the guns might be loaded by an officer, — one 
half with blank cartridges. 

Leaving headquarter preceded by a wagon bearing 
the prisoner's coffin and followed by the squad which 
was to do the execution, we arrived on the ground 
precisely at one o'clock. The brigade was drawn up 
on three sides of a square. Colonel Strahl and his 
staff; Captain Stanford; Major Jack, General Polk's 
Adjutant; and Captain Spence of General Polk's staff, 
rode forward with me. A grave had been dug. The 
coffin was placed beside the grave, the prisoner was 
seated on it and I took my place by his side. Captain 
Johnston, Colonel Strahl's Adjutant, advanced and 
read the sentence of the Court and the approval of 
the General. The prisoner was then informed that if 
he wished to make any remarks, he had now an op- 
portunity. He requested me to cut off a lock of his 
hair and preserve it for his wife. He then stood up 
and said : **I am about to die. I hope I am going to 
a better world. I trust that one and all of my com- 
panions will take warning by my fate." 

He seated himself on his coffin again and I began 
the Psalm : ** Out of the deep have I called unto Thee, 
O Lord," and after that the "Comfortable words." 
We then knelt down together, and I said the Confes- 
sion from the Communion Office. Then I turned to 



86 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

the office for the Visitation of Prisoners, and used 
the prayer beginning, **0 Father of Mercies and God 
of all Comfort,'* and so on down to the benediction, 
"Unto God's gracious mercy and protection I com- 
mit you.** I then shook hands with him and said : 
**Be a man ! It will soon be over ! '* 

The firing squad was in position, the guns were 
cocked, the order had been given to "take aim,** 
when Major Jack rode forward and read "Special 
Order, No. 132,*' the purport of which was that since 
the sentence of the Court-martial and order for the ex- 
ecution of the prisoner, facts and circumstances with 
regard to the history and character of the man had 
come to the knowledge of the Lieutenant-General 
Commanding which in his judgment palliated the 
offence of desertion of which the man had been con- 
demned and warranted a suspension of his execution. 
The sentence of death was therefore annulled, and 
the man was pardoned And ordered to report to his 
regiment for duty. 

The poor fellow did not understand it at first, but 
when the truth burst upon him, he exclaimed : 
"Thank God! thank God !*' and the tears streamed 
down his face. The whole scene was most impres- 
sive, and was calculated to have a good effect upon 
all who were present The other prisoner was execu- 
ted at high noon in another locality. 



CHAPTER IX 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE CHICKAMAUGA 

On the last day of June, 1863, Rosecrans began to 
advance on Bragg. That was the signal for our 
leaving Shelbyville. On the 3rd of July the Union 
army entered TuUahoma. 

On the morning of the 2nd, as I left the head- 
quarters of General Bragg, I met my friend Governor 
Isham G. Harris. He looked very bright and cheer- 
ful and said to me : ** To-morrow morning you will be 
roused up by the thunder of our artillery.** But in- 
stead of being thus aroused I found myself in full re- 
treat toward Winchester. Thence I rode to Cowan, 
where I found General Bragg and his staff, and Gen- 
eral Polk with his staff. I rode up to them and said 
to General Bragg: **My dear General, I am afraid 
you are thoroughly outdone.*' 

"Yes,** he said, "I am utterly broken down.** And 
then leaning over his saddle he spoke of the loss of 
Middle Tennessee and whispered : "This is a great 
disaster.** 

I said to him : "General, don*t be disheartened, 
our turn will come next** 

I found Colonel Walters, his Adjutant-General, ly- 
ing in the comer of a rail fence, with his hands under 
his head, looking the very picture of despair. I said 
to him ; " My dear Colonel, what is the matter with 
you?** His reply was: "How can you ask such a 



88 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

question, when you know as well as I do what has 
happened?*' 

Our troops were at this time moving rapidly across 
the Sewanee Mountain, over country which subse- 
quently became very familiar to me in times of peace. 
I said to him ; **My dear Colonel, I am afraid you've 
not read the Psalms for the day." **No," he an- 
swered. "What do they say?" 

I replied in the words of the first verse of the Elev- 
enth Psalm: **In the Lord put I my trust; how say 
ye then to my soul, that she should flee as a bird unto 
the hill?" 

I gave my horse to one of "the boys," and at the 
request of General Bragg, I accompanied him by rail 
to Chattanooga. On the 2ist of August, a day ap- 
pionted by the President of the Confederate States 
for fasting, humiliation and prayer, while I was 
preaching in a church, the Union army appeared op- 
posite Chattanooga and began shelling the town. I 
think my sermon on that occasion was not long- 
Early in September, General McCook and General 
Thomas moved in such a way as to completely flank 
the Confederate position. General Bragg immedi- 
ately began his retreat southward, and having been 
joined by General Longstreet and his forces, attacked 
General Thomas at Lee and Gordon's Mills, twelve 
miles south of Chattanooga, on the 19th of Septem- 
ber. It was a bitter fight, but the day closed with- 
out any decisive results to either side. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 89 

After this the great battle of Chickamauga was 
fought Undoubtedly General Thomas saved the 
Union army from utter ruin, but Longstreet, by his 
prompt action in seizing an opportunity, won the vic- 
tory for the Confederate army. 

The troops led by Brigadier-General Archibald 
Gracie fired the last gun and stormed the last 
strong position held by the enemy at the battle 
of Chickamauga, and so memorable was his conduct 
on that day, that the people in that vicinity have given 
the hill the name of Gracie Hill. It was a great 
privilege to know General Gracie as I did. He was 
a character that old Froissart would have delighted 
to paint Chivalrous as a Bayard, he had all the ten- 
derness of a woman. A warrior by nature as well 
as a soldier by education, (he graduated at West 
Point in 1852,) and profession, he had a horror of 
shedding blood and would almost shed tears in the 
hour of victory over the thin ranks of his brigade. 
A few months before his death he became a commu- 
nicant of the Church. 

One great personal loss I sustained in the battle of 
Chickamauga was that of my dear friend. Colonel W. 
B. Richmond, a member of General Polk's staff. He 
was a true friend, a thoroughly well rounded charac- 
ter and a most gallant soldier. He was the Treas- 
urer of the Diocese of Tennessee, before the war. 

Brigadier-General Helm of Kentucky was killed at 
Chickamauga, as was also Brigadier-General Preston 
Smith. Among the dead was my cousin, Captain 



90 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Thomas E. King, of Roswell, Georgia, who had suffi- 
ciently recovered from his fearful wounds at the first 
battle of Manassas, to act as honorary aid-de-camp to 
General Smith. Here also General Hood lost a leg. 

The day after the battle I was sent to the field with 
one hundred and fifty ambulances to gather up the 
wounded. It was a sad duty. I saw many distress- 
ing sights. I was directed to convey the Federal 
wounded to the Field Hospitals fitted up by the Fed- 
eral surgeons that had been captured to the number 
of not less than fifty, I think. I labored all the day 
and at nightfall I came upon a wretched hut into 
which a half dozen wounded men had dragged them- 
selves. I found there among them, a young fellow 
about seventeen years of age. He had a severe 
wound in his leg and a small bone had been torn 
away. I chatted with him pleasantly for a while and 
promised to take him to the hospital early the next 
morning. 

Early the next day when I went to fulfill my prom- 
ise, I saw a surgeon's amputating knife on the head of 
a barrel by the door of the hut, and found that my 
young friend had been weeping bitterly. When I 
asked him what was the matter, he replied: **The 
surgeon has been examining my wound and says that 
my leg must be amputated. I would not care for 
myself, but my poor mother — " and then he burst 
into an agony of tears. 

** Nonsense !" I said to him. **They shall not take 
off your leg.*' And lifting him up bodily, I placed 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 9 1 

him in an ambulance and took him to the Hospital, 
where the next day I found him bright and cheerful. 
I learned subsequently that the "surgeon'* who was 
about to amputate his leg unnecessarily, was a doctor 
who had come up from Georgia to get a little practice 
in that line. The boy subsequently became a railway 
conductor and used to say many years later, **You 
know I belong to Bishop Quintard. He saved my leg 
and perhaps my life at Chickamauga. The leg young 
Saw-bones was going to amputate is now as good as 
the other.** 

Another warm friend of mine, John Marsh, was hor- 
ribly wounded at the battle of Chickamauga ; so sore- 
ly wounded that he could not be removed from the 
field. A tent was erected over him and I nursed him 
until he was in a condition to be taken to the hos- 
pital. On the 1st of October, I obtained leave of ab- 
sence from my duties as Chaplain of Polk's corps, 
volunteered my services as an Assistant Surgeon, was 
assigned to duty as such at Marietta, Georgia, and re- 
ported as promptly as possible to Surgeon D. D. 
Saunders, who was in charge of the hospitals at that 
post 

I took Marsh with me and there he slowly recov- 
ered his health. I prepared him for baptism and it 
was my great pleasure to baptize him and present him 
to Bishop Elliott for confirmation. When he was to 
be baptized, knowing that it would be painful for him 
to kneel because of his recent and scarcely healed 
wounds, I told him that he might sit in his chair. 



92 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

"No/* he said. "Let me kneel ; let me kneel." And 
so he knelt, as I placed upon his brow the sign of the 
cross. 

Our victory was complete at Chickamauga and 
Rosecrans* army threw down their arms and retreated 
pell-mell in the direction of Chattanooga. The Con- 
federates followed on the 2ist of September and took 
possession of Missionary Ridge and Lookout Moun- 
tain. For two months the two armies confronted 
each other at Chattanooga. 

Matters remained quiet in both armies until No- 
vember, when the Confederate lines extended around 
Chattanooga from the mouth of Chattanooga Creek 
above, to Moccasin Point below the town. To my 
great regret. General Polk was relieved of his com- 
mand on the 29th of September, in consequence of a 
misunderstanding with General Bragg, the Command- 
ing General. His application for a Court of Inquiry 
was dismissed and a month later he was assigned to a 
new field of duty, alike important and difficult — the 
best evidence that President Davis could offer of his. 
appreciation of the Bishop-General's past services and 
of his expectations of his future career. 

It was while we were in Chattanooga, before the 
battle of Chickamauga, that the "Order of the South- 
ern Cross*' was organized. There came to General 
Polk's headquarters, (on whose staff I was serving,) 
several officers, who stated that they had been consid- 
ering the propriety if not the necessity of instituting 
an organization within the army, both social and char- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 93 

itable in its character, whose aim would be as a mili- 
tary brotherhood, to foster patriotic sentiment, to 
strengthen the ties of army fellowship and at the same 
time to provide a fund, not only for the mutual bene- 
fit of its members, but for the relief of disabled sol- 
diers and the widows and orphans of such as might 
perish in the Confederate service. 

They requested Bishop Polk to attend a meeting 
that evening to consider the subject further, and he 
finding it inconvenient to attend, asked me to go as 
his representative. So I went. Some six or eight of 
us met at Tyne's Station, about nine miles northwest 
of Chattanooga. After sufficient discussion and ex- 
planation to bring us to a common understanding of 
the purposes of the proposed order. General Pat Cle- 
burne, General John C. Brown, General Liddell and 
myself were appointed a committee to draft a consti- 
tution and plan of organization. We met every day, 
I think, for a week or ten days, and the outcome of 
our labors was a little pamphlet, in appearance similar 
to the catechisms of our Sunday School days. It was 
in fact three by five inches in size, contained twenty- 
five pages and was from the press of Burke, Boykin 
& Co., Macon, Georgia. It was entitled "Constitu- 
tion of the Comrades of the Southern Cross, adopted 
August 28, 1863.*' 

Several "companies" were at once organized and 
but for the unfavorable course of events, I do not 
doubt that the order would have rapidly extended 
throughout the armies of the Confederacy. But 



94 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

active military operations were very soon afterward 
begun, and the army was kept constantly on the move 
until the "bottom dropped out,'* and the "Order of 
the Southern Cross*' — like the Southern Confeder- 
acy — went to pieces. The Confederate Veterans* 
Organization subsequently embodied some of the fea- 
tures which it was intended that the Comrades of the 
Southern Cross should possess. 



CHAPTER X 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE ATLANTA 

General Bragg was defeated by General Grant 
at Chattanooga in November 1863, and early in the 
following month he was, at his own request, relieved 
of the command of the Confederate army. He was 
called to Richmond to act for a while as military ad- 
viser to President Davis. His life subsequent to the 
war was quiet He was a God-fearing man in peace 
and in war. He died in 1876. 

He was succeeded in the command by General 
Joseph E. Johnston, whose army was encamped in 
and around Atlanta. Soon afterward I secured the 
use of a Methodist Church building on the comer of 
Garnet and Forsyth Streets, assembled a congrega- 
tion, held services and instituted a work which re- 
sulted in the establishment of St. Luke's Parish. 

A suitable lot was soon obtained and with the help 
of men detailed from the army, a building was 
speedily erected. It was a most attractive building, 
handsomely furnished, and although somewhat "Con- 
federate '* in style, would have compared favorably 
with most churches built in the days of peace and 
prosperity. 

Within its portals devout worshippers, — many dis- 
tinguished Confederate officers among them, — were 
delighted to turn aside from the bloody strife of war 
and bow themselves before the Throne of Grace. 



96 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

On the 8th of May, 1864, while I was in Atlanta in 
charge of St Luke's Church and in attendance upon 
the hospitals, the following telegram came to me from 
Major Henry Hampton: "Can't you come up to- 
morrow? General Hood wishes to be baptized." It 
was impossible for me to go, but it was a great 
pleasure for me to learn afterwards that General Polk 
arrived with his staff that day and that night he bap- 
tized his brother General. It was the eve of an ex- 
pected battle. It was a touching sight, we may be 
sure, — the one-legged veteran, leaning upon his 
crutches to receive the waters of baptism and the sign 
of the cross. A few nights later. General Polk bap- 
tized General Johnston and Lieutenant-General 
Hardee, General Hood being witness. These were 
two of the four ecclesiastical acts performed by Bishop 
Polk after receiving his commission in the army. 

I was then Chaplain-at-Large under the appoint- 
ment of the General Commanding. Being anxious 
for the Bishop of Georgia to consecrate the new 
church, I arranged for him to visit that portion of the 
army then at Dalton. At Dalton I baptized Brigadier- 
General Strahl in his camp in the presence of his as- 
sembled brigade, and at night we held services in the 
Methodist Church at Dalton. 

The church was so densely packed that it was im- 
possible for Bishop Elliott and myself to enter by the 
front door. Fortunately there was a small door in the 
rear of the Church, opening into what I should call 
the Chancel. We were obliged to vest ourselves in 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 97 

the open air. I crawled through the little doorway 
first, and then taking the Bishop by his right hand, 
did all I could to help him through. 

I read Evening Prayer and the Bishop preached ; 
after which I presented a class for confirmation in 
which were General Hardee, General Strahl, two 
other Generals, a number of officers of the line and 
many privates. 

The next day I accompanied the Bishop to Mari- 
etta where he held an ordination service at which I 
preached the sermon. And the day following he 
consecrated to the service of Almighty God, St 
Luke's Church, Atlanta. In the afternoon of that day 
I presented a class of five persons to the Bishop for 
confirmation, — the first-fruits of my labors in St 
Luke's parish. 

It was about this time that I prepared some little 
books adapted to the use of the soldiers as a con- 
venient substitute for the Book of Common Prayer. 
I also prepared a booklet, entitled, "Balm for the 
Weary and Wounded." It was through the great 
kindness and generosity of Mr. Jacob K. Sass, the 
treasurer of the General Council of the Church in the 
Confederate States, that I was enabled to publish 
these two little volumes. The first four copies of the 
latter booklet that came from the press were for- 
warded to General Polk and he wrote upon three of 
them the names of General J. E. Johnston, Lieuten- 
ant-General Hardee and Lieutenant-General Hood, 
respectively, and ** With the compliments of Lieuten- 

H 



98 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

ant-General Leonidas Polk, June 12, 1864." They 
were taken from the breastpocket of his coat, stained 
with his blood, after his death, and forwarded to the 
officers for whom he had intended them. 

On the 14th of June, I telegraphed to General Polk 
from Atlanta that I would visit him at his head- 
quarters and give him the Blessed Sacrament Two 
telegrams came to me that day. One was from Major 
Mason and read as follows: "Lieutenant- General 
Polk's remains leave here on the 12 o'clock train and 
will go directly through to Augusta.** The other was 
as follows : ''To the Rev. Dr. Quintard, Atlanta, 
Georgia. Lieutenant-General Polk was killed to-day 
by a cannon ball. His body goes down to Atlanta 
to-day. Be at the depot to meet it and watch the 
trains. Douglass West, A A. G.*' I was never more 
shocked and overwhelmed. 

On reaching Atlanta the body of the dead Bishop 
and General was escorted to St Luke's Church, and 
placed in front of the altar. He was dressed in his 
gray uniform. On his breast rested a cross of white 
roses and beside his casket lay his sword. • 

Throughout the following morning, thousands of 
soldiers and citizens came to pay their last tribute of 
affection. At noon, assisted by the Rev. John W. 
Beckwith, of Demopolis, (afterwards Bishop of 
Georgia), I held funeral services and made an ad- 
dress. The body was then escorted to the railway 
station by the dead General's personal staff, together 
with General G. W. Smith, General Wright, General 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 99 

Ruggles, General Reynolds, Colonel Ewell and many 
officers of the army, soldiers and citizens, and a com- 
mittee representing the city of Atlanta. 

At Augusta the body remained two days at St 
Paul's Church and lay in state at the City Hall until 
St Peter's day, June 29th, when the final rites were 
held in St Paul's Church. The Bishops of Georgia, 
Mississippi and Arkansas officiated. The sermon was 
by the Bishop of Georgia. The burial was in the 
chancel of the church. 

Bishop Polk's was the first funeral to take place in 
St Luke's Church, Atlanta. There was but one 
other, that of a child named after and baptized by 
Bishop Elliott, for whom Bishop Polk had stood as 
sponsor but a short time before. 

In August, 1864, I was in Macon, Georgia, not 
knowing precisely what to do or where to go. The 
times were very distressing. I took charge of the 
church and parish in Macon for the rector who had 
been sick but was slowly recovering. This was in 
accordance with a letter from the Bishop of Georgia, 
who had written me about the middle of the previous 
month, that I had been sadly tossed about and needed 
rest and that I might go to Macon for that purpose. 
But a few days later I was with Bishop Lay of Arkan- 
sas, in Atlanta, and with the army again, though com- 
pelled to go on Sundays to Macon to officiate for the 
sick rector at that place. 

I remained at General Hood's headquarters in 
Atlanta, expecting to move with the General into 



lOO DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Tennessee. The city was being shelled by the 
Federals, and some of the shells fell very thickly 
about the General's headquarters. I thought the 
locality seemed very unhealthy, but as the General 
and his staff did not seem in the least disturbed. 
Bishop Lay and I concluded that everything was 
going on all right according to the art of war and we 
stood it with the best of them. On one particular 
day when more shells were thrown than in all the 
other days put together, there were, strange to say, 
no casualties. 

On the lOth of August, at headquarters, I pre- 
sented a class to Bishop Lay for confirmation. It 
included General Hood and some officers of his staff. 
In speaking to me the night before his confirmation, 
the General said : ** Doctor, I have two objects in life 
that engage my supreme regard. One is to do all I 
can for my country. The other is to be ready and 
prepared for death whenever God shall call me.'* 

Learning that St. Luke's Church had been injured 
in the bombardment of the city, Bishop Lay and I 
made a visit to it. We looked in wonder at the sight 
that met our eyes upon our entering the sacred edi- 
fice. One of the largest shells had torn through the 
side of the building and struck the prayer desk on 
which the large Bible happened to be lying. The 
prayer desk was broken and the Bible fell under it 
and upon the shell so as apparently to smother it and 
prevent its exploding. I lifted up the Bible and re- 



« 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 10 1 

moved the shell and gathered up all the prayer books 
I could find for the soldiers in the camps. 

Before leaving the church I sat in one of the seats 
for a few moments and thought of the dear friends 
who had assisted in the building of the church, and 
who had offered up the sacrifice of praise and thanks- 
giving in that place ; of the Bishop who had but a 
short time before consecrated it ; of the Bishop-Gen- 
eral over whom I had said the burial service there ; of 
the now scattered flock and the utter desolation of 
God's house. As I rose to go, I picked up a hand- 
kerchief that had been dropped there at the child's 
funeral, which was the last service held there. I wrote 
a little story subsequently about ** Nellie Peters* Pock- 
et Handkerchief, and What It Saw,'* and it was pub- 
lished in the columns of the "Church Intelligencer.** 

This was the last time I visited St. Luke's Church 
of which I have such tender memories. It was de- 
stroyed in the "burning of Atlanta.** 

On the 6th of September, 1 864, a general pass was 
issued to me by order of General Hood and signed 
by General F. A. Shoup, his Chief of Staff. This 
pass is an interesting relic of my early associations 
with one who subsequent to the war came under my 
jurisdiction as a priest of the Church when I was 
Bishop of Tennessee. He married a daughter of 
Bishop Elliott, took orders in the Church, so distin- 
guished himself in the ministry as to receive the de- 
gree of Doctor of Divinity, and was for a long time 
my neighbor at Sewanee, where he was a Professor in 
The University of the South. 



CHAPTER XI 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE COLUMBUS (GEORGIA) AND THE 

JOURNEY INTO TENNESSEE 

When the fall of Atlanta seemed imminent, Gener- 
al Johnston advised me to remove my family from the 
city and I decided to go to Columbus, Georgia. The 
rector of Trinity Church in that town was ill, and the 
Bishop of Georgia appointed me a Missionary to the 
Army, at a stipend of ;?3,000 per year, to be paid as 
long as the churches in Georgia remained open, and 
to be continued to me while I was in Columbus and 
while the Rev. Mr. Hawks, rector of Trinity Church, 
was ill. My appointment was subsequently made|that 
of Permanent Missionary to the Army. 

So in October, 1 864, I rented a very comfortable 
house two miles from town, for which I paid rent in 
advance for nine months — twenty-five hundred dol- 
lars. Confederate money. But everything seemed to 
be on the same generous scale, for when on the Sun- 
day after my arrival, I preached in Trinity Church, 
the offerings for the poor amounted to one thousand 
dollars. We met with great cordiality from all the 
people of the town, especially from Mr. J. Rhodes 
Brown, who placed me under great obligations by his 
, kindness. 

We met in Columbus the musical prodigy, "Blind 
Tom,'* who belonged to one of our neighbors. Gener- 
al Bethune. I had heard him in a public perform- 
ance two years previously in Richmond. I was call- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE IO3 

ing on the Bethunes one day, and on hearing my 
voice, Tom came into the parlor and in the most un- 
couth way paid his respects to the ladies and myself. 
He was not as much as usual in the humor for play- 
ing, having already spent four hours at the piano that 
day for the amusement of some cavalrymen who had 
visited him. Nevertheless he cheerfully sat down to 
the piano and gave us some delightful music, and sang 
us some French songs, in which his powers of mim- 
icry were wonderfully displayed. His playing was 
most marvellous. It seemed as though inspired. He 
was then a lad of fifteen. His musical talents were 
exhibited in his earliest childhood. 

During all the month of October I was in constant 
attendance upon the sick and wounded in the hos- 
pitals of Columbus and holding daily religious services 
in my capacity of Missionary to the Army. My 
brother-in-law. Dr. H. M. Anderson, having been or- 
dered to Selma with the Polk Hospital to which he 
was attached, spent a week with me and did much to 
assist me in my medical services. Greatly to my sat- 
isfaction he afterwards received orders to report for 
duty to the hospitals in Columbus. 

One day, at the Carnes Hospital, in the presence 
of a large number of surgeons and convalescents, I 
baptized an infant That day was made ever memo- 
rable by the generous donation of my friend, Mr. J. 
Rhodes Brown, who handed me a thousand dollars to 
be appropriated to the purchase of reading matter for 
the army. He also presented me with a pair of blan- 



I04 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

kets for my own use, and subsequently with three 
hundred yards of excellent cloth to clothe my regi- 
ment To this he thoughtfully added buttons, thread 
and lining and three hundred pairs of socks. The 
cloth at that time was valued at forty-five dollars a 
yard. "The liberal soul shall be made fat*' 

About the middle of October, General G. P. T. 
Beauregard assumed command of the Military Divi- 
sion East of the Mississippi River, including the De- 
partment of Tennessee and Georgia commanded by 
General Hood, who, however, was to retain command 
of his department On assuming command. General 
Beauregard published an address to his army in ex- 
cellent tone and taste, promising a forward movement 
It caused great enthusiasm. The General was very 
popular with his troops and his name was a tower of 
strength. 

On the 8th of November, Captain Wickham in- 
formed me that he would leave for the army on the 
morrow and I immediately made my arrangements to 
accompany him. Leaving Columbus on a freight 
train, after a long and wearying journey we reached 
Montgomery, Alabama, and found accommodations, 
or what passed for such, in the topmost story of the 
principal hotel. While in Montgomery I dined at Dr. 
Scott's in company with a number of Tennessee 
friends, among whom were Colonel Battle, late in 
command of the Twentieth Tennessee, and then State 
Treasurer ; Colonel Ray, Secretary of State ; General 
Dunlap, Comptroller ; Henry Watterson, and Albert 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE IO5 

Roberts who then edited the Montgomery Mail, 
Colonel Battle followed me after I left the house, and 
handed me a roll of bills, which he begged me to ac- 
cept from Colonel Ray, General Dunlap and himself, 
to assist me in defraying my expenses. The money 
came very opportunely and I thanked him very heart- 
ily, for I had not five dollars in my pocket at the 
time. 

I took a steamer for Selma. The vessel was crowd- 
ed to excess — in the cabin, on the deck and all about 
the guards. Still I had a much pleasanter night than 
I anticipated — on the floor of the cabin. 

At Selma, I met the Rev. Mr. Ticknor, who hand- 
ed me a letter from my dear friend, the Bishop of Al- 
abama, containing a check for five hundred dollars, 
which he begged me to accept for my own comfort 

I left for Demopolis at eight the following morn- 
ing, in company with Captain Wickham and my 
friend Major Thomas Peters, formerly of General 
Polk's staff! At Demopolis I had the pleasure of see- 
ing the Rev. John W. Beckwith, who had officiated 
with me at the funeral of General Polk and who was 
afterwards to become the Bishop of Georgia. 

Continuing on our journey we sailed down the Tom- 
bigbee river to the terminus of the railway, where we 
took cars and started for Meridjan, Mississippi. It 
was a most tedious trip on the river, taking up about 
ten hours to make fifty miles. And when we reached 
the cars we found them crowded to excess. 



I06 . DOCTOR QUINTARD 

I stopped at Ma$oq, Mississippi, to visit Captain 
Yates who had* lost his leg at Atlanta and to whom I 
had ministered there. I met the heartiest of wel- 
comes, and found the Captain greatly improved and 
getting about a little on crutches. His nephew, who 
had lost a leg at Murfreesboro, was visiting him. 

I started off from Macon with abundant supplies 
furnished by Mrs. Yates, among which were two roast 
turkeys, a ham and **all the et ceteras." When the 
train came along I found Major Winter, of the En- 
gineers, in the car with his baggage and implements. 
He kindly invited me to a seat and I had a comforta- 
ble ride to Okalona, Mississippi. It having been de- 
cided not to go forward until General Cheatham 
could be heard from. Captain Wickham, Captain 
Bradford and I went on to Columbus, Mississippi, 
where I was very cordially received by Bishop Green 
of Mississippi. 

Wednesday, the i6th of November, having been 
set apart by the President of the Confederate States 
as a day of supplication and prayer for God's blessing 
on our cause, I officiated in St Paul's Church, Colum- 
bus, and preached from the text: "Think not that I 
am come to send peace on earth : I came not to send 
peace, but a sword." 

General Cheatha^ telegraphed me to go forward. 
So I left West Point, Mississippi, on the 19th of No- 
vember, in a car loaded with corn. The party on our 
car included Brigadier-General Quarles, Sterling 
Cockrill, of Nashville, Captains Shute, Wickham, 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE lO/ 

Bradford, Jones, Mayrant and Colonel Young of the 
Forty-ninth Tennessee Regiment, besides some ladies 
and young people. The day wore away pleasantly 
enough in such company and about 8 o'clock at 
night we reached Corinth, Mississippi, where the Rev. 
Mr. Markham, an excellent Presbyterian minister from 
New Orleans, shared my blankets with me. Here we 
had information that General Sherman was making 
his way to the seaboard and was within thirty miles of 
Macon, Georgia. 

Captain Wickham and myself passed on with oth- 
ers, and at half-past four in the evening of Thursday, 
the 22nd of November, we crossed the line into Ten- 
nessee. In consequence of the wretched condition of 
the roads and the rough weather, we had had a hard 
time of it I made my way with all possible speed, 
through Mount Pleasant to Ashwood and to the house 
of my dear friend. General Lucius Polk. 

Such greetings as I received! How I thanked 
God for the friends He had given me ! General Chal- 
mers and his staff were guests at General Polk's, and 
the next day we had many happy meetings. All day 
long there was a constant stream of visitors to Ham- 
ilton Place, the residence of General Polk. General 
Hood and Governor Harris came early in the day as 
did also General Cheatham. Then came General 
John C- Brown, General Gibson, General Bate, hand- 
some Frank Armstrong, and General Walthall, who 
with his staff, spent the night with us. I offered a 
special prayer of Thanksgiving to God for our return 



I08 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

to Tennessee, and the following day was one of 
supreme enjoyment I did not move out of the 
house but just rested and tried to realize that I was 
once more in Tennessee. 

On the 27th, Advent Sunday, I had Morning 
Prayer at the residence of General Lucius Polk, and 
baptized two children, making a record of the same in 
the Parish Register. 

On the following day our forces entered Columbia. 
I accompanied them and found the good people of 
the town in a state of the wildest enthusiasm. Almost 
the first person I met was my dear friend, the Rev. 
Dr. Pise who went with me to call on several families. 
These were days of great hopefulness. General 
Beauregard telegraphed to General Hood that Sher- 
man was making his way rapidly to the Atlantic 
coast and urged Hood to advance to relieve General 
Lee. General Hood proposed to press forward with 
all possible speed, and said to me confidentially that he 
would either beat the enemy to Nashville or make the 
latter go there double quick. So the race began to 
see who would get to Nashville first. That night the 
enemy was still on the opposite side of Duck River, 
but it was thought he would withdraw next morning. 
At all events our forces were to cross at daylight 

General Hood urged me to go with the ambulance. 
When he told me ** Good-bye,*' I prayed God's 
blessing, guidance and direction upon him. ** Thank 
you, Doctor,'* he replied, "that is my hope and 
trust** And as he turned away he remarked: "The 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE IO9 

enemy must give me fight or I will be in Nashville 
before to-morrow night'* 

General Cheatham and General Stewart crossed 
Duck River at sunrise ; General Lee shortly after- 
wards. There was considerable shelling of the town, 
and Colonel Beckham was wounded, but no lives 
were lost 

By Wednesday the enemy had all withdrawn, our 
forces had crossed over and the wagons were crossing. 
I crossed the river at two o'clock with Major John 
Green, of South Carolina, and Dr. Phillips, of Hox- 
ton's Artillery. We met on the road several hundred 
prisoners going to the rear. At Spring Hill we heard 
that the Federal commanders were in a sad way. 
General Stanley had been heard to say, "I can do 
nothing more ; I must retreat" Three trains of cars 
were burned by the Federals at this place. 

Very much has been said about the Confederates' 
"lost opportunity," as it is called, at Spring Hill, and 
General Cheatham has been faulted for not doing 
something very brilliant there that would have 
changed the whole complexion of affairs. It is said 
that he failed to give battle when the ** enemy was 
marching along the road almost under the camp fires 
of the main body of our army." 

During the war and after its close I was brought 
into such intimate association with General B. F. 
Cheatham, that I learned to appreciate his high 
character. He was a man of admirable presence. In 
manner he was free, without frivolity, — cheerful, kind- 



no DOCTOR QUINTARD 

hearted and ever easy of access. He was a gentleman 
without pretensions and a politician without deceit ; a 
faithful friend and a generous foe ; strong in his at- 
tachments and rational in his resentments. He was 
clear in judgment, firm in purpose and courageous as 
a lion. He was fruitful in expedients, prompt in 
action and always ready for a fight. He won victory 
on many a well-contested field ; but, best of all, he 
ruled his own spirit. 

He participated in the greater number of battles in 
the War with Mexico ; and in the civil war he won 
distinction and promotion at Belmont, Shiloh, Perry- 
ville, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, and on many fields 
besides, he exhibited the most perfect self-possession, 
— the utmost disregard of peril. He possessed in an 
eminent degree the indispensable quality of a soldier 
which enabled him to go wherever duty or necessity 
demanded his presence. He understood thoroughly 
that it was better that a leader should lose his life 
than his honor. I have every confidence in the state- 
ment he once made: "During my services as a 
soldier under the flag of my country in Mexico, and 
as an officer of the Confederate armies, I cannot recall 
an instance where I failed to obey an order literally, 
promptly and faithfully.'* 

Major Saunders, of French's Division,- has said : 
"The assumption that Schofield's army would have 
been destroyed at Spring Hill, and one of the most 
brilliant victories of the war achieved, had it not been 
for the misconduct of Cheatham, is one of the delusions 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE III 

that has survived the war. . . . No circumstance or 
incident that his strategy developed can be found 
that justifies [the] attacks [made] on the military- 
reputation of General Cheatham.'* My own opinion 
has always been that General Cheatham was in no way 
at fault in his conduct at Spring Hill. And this 
opinion has been strengthened by the letter from 
Governor Harris to Governor James D. Porter, dated 
May 20, 1877, ^^d the brief letter from General 
Hood to Cheatham, dated December 13, 1864, both 
recently published in ** Southern Historical Papers,*' 
vol. 9, p. 532. 

I baptized General Cheatham, confirmed him, offi- 
ciated at his marriage, and it was my sad privilege to 
say the burial service over him. He died in Nash- 
ville, Tennessee, September 4th. 1886. His last 
words were: "Bring me my horse ! I am going to 
the front!'* 

Just before moving toward Franklin, General Strahl 
came to me and said : "I want to make you a 
present,'* and presented me with a splendid horse, 
named "The Lady Polk." I used the horse through 
the remainder of the war and at its close sold her, and 
with the money erected in St James' Church, Bolivar, 
Tennessee, a memorial window to General Strahl and 
his Adjutant, Lieutenant John Marsh, both of them 
killed in the fearful battle of Franklin. Both of these 
men I had baptized but a few months previously, and 
both were confirmed by Bishop Elliott 



CHAPTER XII 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE FRANKLIN 

The Battle of Franklin was fought on the 30th of 
November, 1 864, and was one of the bloodiest of the 
war. On that dismal November day, our line of 
battle was formed at 4 o'clock in the afternoon and 
marched directly down through an open field toward 
the outer breastworks of the enemy. A sheet of fire 
was pouring into the very faces of our men. The 
command was : ** Forward ! Forward men !*' Never 
on earth did men fight against greater odds, but they 
advanced towards the breastworks,— on and on, — and 
met death without flinching. The roar of battle was 
kept up until after midnight and then gradually died 
away, as the enemy abandoned their interior line of 
defences and rapidly retreated to Nashville. 

We had about 23,000 men engaged. They fought 
with great gallantry, drove the enemy from their outer 
line of temporary works into their interior line, cap- 
tured several stands of colors and about one thousand 
prisoners. But our losses were about 4,500 brave 
men, and among them Major-General Pat Cleburne, 
Brigadier-General John Adams, Brigadier-General O. 
F. Strahl, Brigadier-General Gist, Brigadier-General 
Granberry and Brigadier-General John C. Carter was 
mortally wounded. Among the wounded were Major- 
General John C. Brown, Brigadier-Generals Mani- 
gault, Quarles, Cockrill, Scott and George Gordon. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE II3 

General John Adams, on reaching the vicinity of 
Franklin, had immediately formed his line of battle 
near the residence of Colonel John McGavock and 
led his troops into the fight A more gallant set of 
officers and men never faced a foe. General Adams 
was calm, cool and self-possessed and vigilantly 
watched and directed the movements of his men and 
led them on for victory or for death. He was severely 
wounded early in the action and was urged to leave 
the field. He calmly replied : "No, I will not! I will 
see my men through!'* and at the same time gave 
an order to Captain Thomas Gibson, his aid-de-camp 
and Brigade Inspector. When he fell he was in the 
act of leaping his horse, "Old Charlie,'* over the 
outer works. Both horse and his rider were instantly 
killed, — the General falling witliin our lines, while old 
Charlie lay astride the works. The General received 
two wounds in the right leg, four balls entered his 
body, one ball passed through his breast and one en- 
tered his right shoulder-blade. These wounds were 
all received simultaneously and his death was instan- 
taneous. 

Major-General Cleburne's mare was dead on the 

works and the General himself was pierced with no 

less than forty-nine bullets. The bodies of these two 

brave Generals were brought from the battlefield in 

an ambulance and taken to the residence of Colonel 

McGavock, whose house and grounds were literally 

filled with the Confederate dead and wounded. Mrs. 

McGavock rendered every assistance possible and her 
I 



114 d(x:tor quintard 

name deserves to be handed down to future genera- 
tions as that of a woman of lofty principle, exalted 
character and untiring devotion. 

Captain Gibson, General Adams' aid and Brigade 
Inspector, although badly wounded, accompanied by 
Captain Blackwell, conveyed the body of his com- 
mander to the residence of the General's brother, 
Major Nathan Adams, in Pulaski. I officiated at the 
funeral and his mortal remains were placed in the 
cemetery by the side of those of his father and 
mother. 

As a soldier. General Adams was active, calm and 
self-possessed, brave without rashness, quick to per- 
ceive and ever ready to seize the favorable moment 
He enjoyed the confidence of his superiors and the 
love and respect of his soldiers and officers. In camp 
and on the march he looked closely to the comfort of 
his soldiers, and often shared his horse on long 
marches with his sick and broken-down men. 

He was a member of the Episcopal Church and a 
sincere and humble Christian. For a year or more 
before his death he engaged, morning, noon and 
night in devotional exercises. He invariably fasted 
on Friday and other days of abstinence appointed by 
the Book of Common Prayer. He was guided in all 
his actions by a thoughtful and strict regard for truth, 
right and duty. In all the relations of life he was up- 
right, just and pure. There is no shadow on his 
memory and he left to his children the heritage of an 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE II5 

unblemished name and to coming generations the 
sublime heroism of a Southern Soldier. 

After the battle General Strahl's horse lay by the 
road-side and the. General by his side, — both dead. 
All his staff were killed. General Strahl was a native 
of Ohio, but he had come to Tennessee in his youth, 
and was as thoroughly identified with the latter state 
as any of her sons. He gave to the Fourth Tennes- 
see Regiment its drill and discipline and made it a 
noted regiment before he succeeded General A. P. 
Stewart in command of a brigade. He was just re- 
covering from a dangerous wound received at Atlanta 
the previous July when he entered upon the Tennes- 
see campaign, which ended for him fatally. 

General Gist, of South Carolina, was lying dead 
with his sword still grasped in his hand and reaching 
across the fatal breastworks. General Granberry of 
Texas, and his horse were seen on the top of the 
breastworks, — horse and rider, — dead ! I went back 
to Columbia, hired a negro to make some plain cof- 
fins, helped him to put them into a wagon, drove with 
him about sixteen miles, and buried these brave men, — 
Strahl, Gist, and Granberry, — under the shadow of the 
ivy-mantled tower of St. John's Church, Ash- 
wood, — with the services of the Church. Then I 
returned to the field. 

Major-General John C. Brown, General George 
Gordon, and General Carter were seriously wound- 
ed, — the last named, mortally. After ministering to 
these and many another, I returned to Columbia to 



Il6 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

the hospital in the Columbia Institute. Here I found 
Captain William Floumoy and Adjutant McKinney 
of the First Tennessee Regiment, both severely 
wounded. There were hundreds of wounded in the 
Institute. 

I buried Major-General Cleburne from the resi- 
dence of Mrs. William Polk. A military escort was 
furnished by Captain Long and every token of re- 
spect was shown to the memory of the glorious dead. 
After the funeral, I rode out to Hamilton Place with 
General Lucius Polk. There I found General Mani- 
gault wounded in the head and Major Prince, of Mo- 
bile, wounded in the foot. 

Returning to Columbia, I met Captain Stepleton 
and through him paid the burial expenses of my 
dear friend, John Marsh, — three hundred dollars. 
The dear fellow had given me a farewell kiss as he 
entered the battle. I also gave the Rev. Dr. Pise 
one hundred dollars and left myself without funds. 
While in Columbia I sent wagons down to the Web- 
ster settlement to procure supplies for our wounded 
at Franklin. 

Having visited the sick and wounded in the hos- 
pitals at Columbia, I went with Captain Stepleton to- 
wards Franklin. I reached the house of Mr. Harri- 
son, about three miles from Franklin, at dark, and 
stopped to see my friends. General Carter, General 
Quarles, Captain Tom Henry, and Captain Matt 
Pilcher. Captain Pilcher was shot in the side. Cap- 
tain Henry was wounded slightly in the head. Both 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 11/ 

were doing well. General Quarles had his left arm shat- 
tered. General Carter was shot through the body 
and his wound was mortal. I knelt by the side of 
the wounded and commended them to God. I had 
prayers with the family before retiring. All that 
night we could hear the guns around Nashville very 
distinctly, but all I could learn in the morning was 
that our lines were within a mile and a half of the 
city. 

The following day was the Second Sunday in Ad- 
vent, December 4th. I rode to Franklin to see Dr. 
Buist, the Post Surgeon. All along the way were 
abundant marks of the terrific battle, — dead horses 
and burnt wagons, — but at the line of the breast- 
works near Mr. Carter's house, where the heaviest 
fighting was done, there was a great number of horses 
piled almost one upon another. Mr. Carter's son 
was shot within a few yards of his home. Returning 
to Mr. Harrison's house with Dr. Buist, who went 
down to attend to the wounded, I visited them all 
and had prayers with them. The Doctor and myself 
returned to Franklin in the evening and William 
Clouston called and took me to his house for the 
night. 

There I found General Cockrill of Missouri, wound- 
ed in the legs and in the right arm but full of life and 
very cheerful. Lieutenant Anderson, one of his staff, 
who had lost a part of one foot at Vicksburg, was 
now wounded in the other. Captain John M. Rick- 
ey, in command of a company in a Missouri regiment. 



Il8 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

while charging the main lines of the works just in 
front of the cotton gin, was desperately wounded, his 
leg being shattered He fell into the mud and while 
in this deplorable condition, his left arm was badly 
broken by a minnie ball and soon afterwards he was 
shot in the shoulder. With thousands of dead and 
wounded lying about him, he lay upon the field of 
battle for fifteen hours, without food, water or shel- 
ter, in the freezing cold, and half of that time exposed 
to the plunging shot and shell of both friend and foe. 

I devoted my time while in Franklin, to visiting 
the hospitals. In one room of Brown's Division hos- 
pital, in the Court Housie, I dressed a goodly number 
of wounds, after which I went to visit General Cock- 
rill and thence to army headquarters at the residence 
of John Overton. I met with a most cordial wel- 
come, not only from General Hood, but also from 
Mr. Overton's family and several ladies from Nash- 
ville. 

On Wednesday, I rode with Governor Harris to 
Franklin and thence to Mr. Harrison's, to be with 
General John C. Carter who was nearing his end. I 
found General Quarles and Captain Pilcher both do- 
ing well. Major Dunlap was also improving. Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Jones of the Twenty-fourth South Car- 
olina, however, was not doing so well, having had a 
profuse hemorrhage. On visiting General Carter, I 
read a short passage of Holy Scripture and had pray- 
ers with him for which he thanked me in the most earn- 
est manner. In his lucid moments my conversation 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE II9 

with him was exceedingly interesting. But his parox- 
ysms of pain were frequent and intense and he craved 
for chloroform and it was freely administered to him. 

He could not be convinced that he was going to 
die. "But," I said, "General, if you should die, 
what do you wish me to say to your wife?" 

"Tell her," he replied, "that I have always loved 
her devotedly and regret leaving her more than I can 
express." 

I had prayers with all the wounded and with the 
family of Mr, Harrison, and sat up with Greneral Car- 
ter until half past twelve o'clock. Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel Jones died some time in the night General 
Carter died the following Saturday, I wrote to the 
Rev. Dr. Pise at Columbia to attend his funeral as 
his body was to be taken there for tempory burial. 
It was bitterly cold and the roads were very slippery. 

General Carter was a native of Georgia but a citi- 
zen of Tennessee. He had been advanced for merit 
from a lieutenant at the beginning of the war to the 
command of a brigade. He had a wonderful gentle- 
ness of manner coupled with dauntless courage. Ev- 
ery field officer of his brigade but one, was killed, 
wounded or captured on the enemy's works at the 
dreadful battle of Franklin. 

The following Sunday, ( Third Sunday in Advent, ) 
I celebrated the Holy Communion at army head- 
quarters. That night General Forrest shared my bed 
with me. One of the men remarked: "It was the li- 
on and the lamb lying down together." 



I20 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

The following day, in the Methodist Church at 
Brentwood, I united in the holy bonds of matrimony. 
Major William Clare and Miss Mary Hadley, of Nash- 
ville. The Major's attendants were Dr. Foard, Medi- 
cal Director, and Major Moore, Chief Commissary. 
A large number of officers were present After the 
marriage, the party returned to the residence of Mr. 
Overton where a sumptuous dinner was provided. 
My empty purse was replenished by a fee of two hun- 
dred dollars, besides which a friend sent me, the fol- 
lowing morning, fifty dollars in greenbacks. 

I left headquarters the following day in Dr. Foard's 
ambulance for Franklin and on the way picked up a 
couple of wounded men and carried them to the hos- 
pital. We met Governor Harris and Colonel Ray, 
Secretary of State. I spent the evening at Mrs. Car- 
ter's with my friends. Colonel Rice and Captain Tom 
Henry. The next day I made efforts to purchase 
shoes for my family. The merchants had hidden 
their goods and were unwilling to dispose of them 
for Confederate money. But by offering to pay in 
greenbacks, I not only secured shoes but all sorts of 
goods. 

Meeting Captain Kelly, of the Rock City Guard, 
then off duty in consequence of wounds received in 
the recent battle, I proposed to him to go to Georgia 
for clothing for the soldiers. To this he agreed and 
we left for Columbia. While there I attended a 
meeting of the ladies, the object of which was to or- 
ganize a Relief Association. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 121 

Distressing reports began to come in of a reverse to 
our arms at Nashville. At first I did not credit them, 
but later I met Colonel Harvie, the Inspector Gener- 
al, who not only confirmed the very worst of the re- 
ports, but expressed both indignation and disgust at 
the conduct of our troops. 

General Lucius Polk sent a buggy for me and I 
drove out to Hamilton Place and spent the night. 
The next day, (Fourth Sunday in Advent,) I celebra- 
ted the Holy Communion in the parlor at Hamilton 
Place, and after administering to the company assem- 
bled there, carried the consecrated elements to the 
rooms of General Manigault and Major Prince, that 
they might also receive the Comfortable Sacrament. 
In the afternoon I drove back to Columbia and assist- 
ed the Rev. Dr. Pise at the marriage of Miss Hages 
to Major William E. Moore, Chief Commissary of the 
Army. After this I rode to the residence of Mr. 
Vaught, where I found General Hood and his staff. 

I was glad to find the General bearing up well 
under the disaster to our arms. It was now a very 
serious question whether General Hood should hold 
the line of Duck River, ( even if it were possible for 
him to do so,) or fall back across the Tennessee. One 
officer remarked to the General in my presence, that 
while God was on our side so manifestly that no man 
could question it, it was still very apparent that our 
people had not yet passed through all their sufferings. 

The General replied that the remark was a just one. 
He had been impressed with the fact at Spring Hill, 



122 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

where the enemy was completely within our grasp, 
and notwithstanding all his efforts to strike a decisive 
blow, he had failed. And now again at Nashville, 
after the day's fighting was well nigh over, when all 
had gone successfully until the evening, our troops 
had broken in confusion and fled. 

Early the following morning. General Forrest 
reached headquarters and advised strongly that Gen- 
eral Hood withdraw without delay south of the Ten- 
nessee. "If we are unable to hold the state, we 
should at once evacuate it," were the words of Gen- 
eral Forrest At nine o'clock in the morning, can- 
nonading began at Rutherford Hill. After a couple 
of hours, word came from General Cheatham that he 
had repulsed the enemy, and the firing ceased. Gen- 
eral Hood finally decided to fall back south of the 
Tennessee; and Governor Harris, in whose judgment 
I had great confidence, thought it the best we could 
do. Still it was a dark day to me, and the thought of 
leaving the state of Tennessee once more, greatly de- 
pressed me. 

Tuesday, the 20th of December, was a day of 
gloominess. I felt in bidding farewell to Columbia, 
that I was parting with my dearest and most cherish- 
ed hopes. I recalled the days of our march into 
Tennessee, so full of delightful intercourse with Strahl, 
and Marsh and other friends. After saying "good- 
bye," I rode on to Pulaski, thirty miles, where I was 
cordially received at the home of Mrs. Ballentine. 
The next day I baptized six persons there, and later 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 23 

at the headquarters of General Hood, in the residence 
of the Honorable Thomas Jones, four of Mr. Jones* 
children. After this baptism Mr, Jones joined us at 
prayers in General Hood's room. The General said, 
"I am afraid that I have been more wicked since I 
began this retreat than for a long time past. I had 
so set my heart upon success, — had prayed so earnest- 
ly for it, — had such a firm trust that I should succeed, 
that my heart has been very rebellious. But," he add- 
ed, "let us go out of Tennessee, singing hymns of 
praise." 

The weather was exceeding inclement So many 
of our poor boys were barefooted that there was very 
great suffering. The citizens of Pulaski did all they 
could to provide shoes. I dined on Wednesday with 
Governor Harris, at Major Nathan Adams* and spent 
the night with Colonel Rice. The General informed 
me the next day that the enemy effected a crossing of 
Duck River at Columbia at noon, and began shelling 
the town. But Forrest told them by flag, that if the 
shelling were not stopped, he would put their wound- 
ed directly under the fire. The firing consequently 
ceased. 

Our forces all moved on towards Bainbridge, Gen- 
eral Hood left the following morning. I joined Gov- 
ernor Harris as he was not to be detained en route. 
We rode thirty miles to a little town called Lexington, 
where Colonel Rice, Captain Ballentine and myself 
obtained rough accommodations for the night The 
next day, we started for Lamb's Ferry, thinking to 



124 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

find a boat there, but learned that General Roddy had 
ordered it to Elk River to cross his command. I 
therefore had another journey of eighteen miles to 
make. Just at the close of the day I found my 
friend, Major-General Clayton, camped by the road- 
side, and not knowing General Hood's location, I 
decided to accept General Clayton's very cordial in- 
vitation to spend the night with him. It was Christ- 
mas eve. After supper the General called up all his 
staff and couriers and we had prayers. 

The next day, Christmas day and Sunday, was very 
sad and gloomy. I had prayers at General Clayton's 
headquarters, after which I rode down to the river 
and watched the work of putting down the pontoons. 
Some one brought me a Christmas gift of two five 
dollar gold pieces from Mrs. Thomas Jones of Pulaski. 

The following day I crossed the river at nine o'clock. 
On crossing the river on our forward march, I had 
sung "Jubilate." Now I was chanting "De Profund- 
is." I joined General Hood at Tuscumbia on the 
27th and found the General feeling the disaster more 
since he reached Tuscumbia than at any time since 
the retreat began. And after various adventures, I 
reached Aberdeen on Saturday, the last day of 1 864. 
Though an entire stranger in Aberdeen, I received a 
most cordial welcome at the home of Mr. Needham 
Whitfield, whose family were church people. And 
thus ended the year 1864. 



CHAPTER XIII 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE THE CRUMBLING OF THE CON- 
FEDERACY 

New Year's day fell on a Sunday in 1865. There 
being no resident priest in Aberdeen, the Vestry of 
St John's Church requested me to officiate for them, 
which I did both morning and evening, having large 
congregations. And on the following Tuesday, I 
began holding daily services in the church, which 
were exceedingly well attended. At the first of these 
services, I preached on *' Earnestness in the Christian 
Life." 

I remained in Aberdeen until the 14th of January, 
holding daily services, visiting the members of the 
parish and performing such priestly offices as were 
desired. Then I left for Columbus, Mississippi, where 
I had a cordial welcome at the house of Mr. John C. 
Ramsey, a vestryman of St Paul's Church. The 
Bishop of the Diocese, Bishop Green, was making 
Columbus his home, but was absent at the time and 
expected to return on the following Monday. 

I met the Rev. Mr. Schwrar, of Tennessee, at the 
Bishop's residence, and on the following Sunday I 
preached at St Paul's Church, both morning and 
night, the services being taken by the Rev. Mr. 
Schwrar and the Rev. Mr. Bakewell of New Orleans. 
I held services daily, morning and evening, during , 
that week, at most of which I preached. ,.- . 



126 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

At this time the minds of the people of the South 
were becoming impressed with the idea that the 
victory and independence of the Confederate States 
were no longer certain. On the 19th of January, 
General Hood was relieved of his command and 
Lieutenant-General Taylor took temporary command 
Both officers and privates were holding meetings in 
the army asking for the return of General Johnston. 
General Hood deserved well of his country for his 
bravery, for his devotion, for his energy and enter- 
prise. But the troops longed for General Joseph E. 
Johnston, the country was crying out for him, and 
Congress of the Confederate States was demanding 
that the President restore him to the command of the 
army of the Tennessee. And I am satisfied that no 
other man, had he the genius of a Caesar or a Napo- 
leon, could have commanded that army so well as 
General Johnston. 

On Sunday the 22nd of January, the Rev. John M. 
Schwrar, Deacon, was advanced to the priesthood in 
St Paul's Church, Columbus, by Bishop Green. I 
presented him for ordination and preached the ser- 
mon, from the text: "What shall one then answer 
the messengers of the nation ? That the Lord hath 
founded Zion and the poor of His people shall trust 
in it" Isaiah xiv, 32. 

It saddened me to think that, because of the death 

, of JBishop Otey of Tennessee, Mr. Schwrar had need 

' to be ordained outside of the Diocese to which he 

belonged canonically. But after the close of the war 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 12/ 

and I had become Bishop Otey*s successor, Mr. 
Schwrar was one of my most faithful and beloved 
clergymen, was for several years secretary of the 
Diocese of Tennessee and missionary in charge of 
several important places near Memphis. In the epi- 
demic of yellow fever in 1878, he remained bravely at 
his post and died of the fever. 

A few days after the ordination, I met at General 
Elzy*s, Colonel Baskerville, Captain Hudson, James 
D. B. de Bow and others and we discussed the policy 
of putting the negroes into the army as our soldiers, 
and we all agreed to the wisdom of so doing. We 
also discussed the rumors then current of the readi- 
ness of the foreign powers to recognize us on the basis 
of gradual emajicipation. And Mr. de Bow, who was 
the editor of the "Southern Quarterly Review,'* 
stated that Governor Aiken of South Carolina, the 
owner of over a thousand slaves, had spoken to him 
more than two years previously in favor of emancipa- 
tion to secure recognition, and had urged him to em- 
ploy his pen to bring the subject before the people of 
the Confederate States. 

It was at this time reported that Commissioners had 
gone from the Confederacy to Washington on a peace 
mission. I spent Wednesday, the 1st of February, 
with Colonel Baskerville and with Mr. de Bow, who 
was of the opinion that we should have peace on the 
1st of May. The thought of peace almost made me 
hold my breath, but I feared that the time was not 
yet At the same time the President of the Confed- 



128 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

erate States appointed a day of fasting, humiliation 
and prayer. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Llewellyn Hoxton, whom I had 
presented to Bishop Elliott for confirmation at Shel- 
byville in 1863, spent a night with me. He belong- 
ed to an old Virginia family from Alexandria where 
he was carefully nurtured in the Church and had in- 
stilled into his mind and heart the principles of virtue 
and religion by the quiet and steady influences of a 
Christian home. He graduated at West Point, in 
1 861, just at the time of the breaking out of the war. 
After reaching Washington, he resigned his commis- 
sion in the United States army in order that he might 
go with his state. His resigination was not accepted, 
but his name was stricken from the roll. He crossed 
over to Virginia and was ordered by the Secretary of 
War of the Confederacy, to report to General Polk. 
He was a most faithful soldier and on many a battle- 
field displayed conspicuous gallantry. 

I was unable to get transportation from Columbus 
before the 7th of February, and before leaving, Bish- 
op Green handed me an envelope containing two hun- 
dred dollars, an offering from a member of St Paul's 
Parish. After many annoyances, owing to the crowd- 
ed state of the trains, I arrived in Meridian. Here I 
found Captain Frierson of Tennessee. Dr. Foster 
the Post Surgeon, met me at the railway station and I 
accepted an invitation to be his guest during his de- 
tention at that place. At his quarters, I found a 
number of Nashville friends — General Maney, Cap- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 129 

tain Alexander Porter, Captain Rice, Major Vaulx, 
Captain Kelly and others. 

I visited Colonel Hurt who was commanding Ma- 
ney's brigade. The brigade was smaller than my old 
regiment at the beginning of the war. Of all the 
thousand and more who came out in the First Ten- 
nessee Regiment in May, 1861, I found but fifty men 
remaining. Many had been killed in battle, others 
had sickened and died, some were "in the house of 
bondage," and, worst of all, some had deserted their 
colors. 

I left Meridian on Thursday, the 9th of February, 
for Demopolis, Alabama, where I arrived at three 
o'clock in the evening. My visit to Demopolis was 
a pleasant one. While there the report of the Peace 
Commission was made public. The failure of the 
commission was used to rally the spirits of the people, 
who were told that every avenue to peace was closed, 
excepting that which might be carved out with the 
sword. But this attempt to raise the drooping spirits 
of the South failed. The feeble flare of excitement 
produced by the fiasco of the Peace Commission was 
soon totally extinguished. 

Leaving Demopolis, I accompanied the Rev. Mr. 
Beckwith to Greensboro, Alabama, to see Bishop Wil- 
mer. During this visit the Bishop held a Confirma- 
tion service at which I preached and the offerings, 
amounting to ^^530, were given to me for army mis- 
sions. After the service a gentleman took me to one 

K 



130 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

side and stated that several gentlemen of the congre- 
gation desired to present me with a slight token of 
their regard and presented me with ;?700. It took 
me greatly by surprise. 

Accompanied by Frank Dunnington, I went to Sel- 
ma. We put up for the night at a hotel. In the 
morning I paid for lodging and breakfast $1^. I de- 
clined the breakfast. The following day I had the 
great pleasure of meeting my friend Colonel Harry 
Yeatman. That morning I visited the Naval Works, 
and spent some time with Captain Ap Catesby Jones. 
We had much pleasant chat about our Virginia 
friends. It seemed strange to find a naval establish- 
ment in an inland town or upon the banks of a small 
river. But the truth is, tlie Confederate government 
had learned the wisdom of selecting such places for 
the manufacture of gunboats and naval ordnance in 
order that they might be the better protected from 
the raids of the Federals. 

Captain Catesby Jones had accomplished a vast 
amount of work at this place. He had some four 
hundred workmen employed, only ninety of whom 
were white. He had up to the time I visited him, 
turned out one hundred and ninety guns, besides do- 
ing a vast amount of other work for the government 
He went through the works with me and showed me 
the different steps, from the melting of the ore to the 
drilling of the guns. He was casting the Brooks gun 
almost exclusively and said that it combined more 
good points than any other. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I3I 

While in the office at the Naval Works, Mr. Phil- 
lips, of North Carolina, came in to take a look at the 
works. He was just from Richmond having travelled 
with Vice-President Alexander H. Stephens as far as 
Atlanta. He told a story which illustrated Mr. Lin- 
coln's wit, and as we all thought at that time, lack of 
dignity and perhaps also lack of sympathy with those 
who were interested in the war on the Southern side. 

Mr. Hunter, one of the Commissioners from the 
South, suggested, during a four hours' interview with 
Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Seward, many instances in his- 
tory in which governments had treated with insurgents, 
and mentioned one in the time of Charles I of Eng- 
land. Mr. Lincoln replied : "Seward may know all 
about the history of that time. All I know is, that 
Charles I lost his head.*' 

I reached Montgomery by steamer too late Satur- 
day night for the train to Columbus, Georgia. I was 
therefore obliged to spend Sunday in Montgomery. 
My expenses on the steamer, exclusive of fare, were 
twenty-five dollars, to wit : three cups of coffee fur- 
nished by one of the servants, fifteen dollars; and 
"tip*' to the boy for waiting on me and caring for 
my traps, ten dollars. 

With the Rev. Mr. Mitchell, I went that night to a 
meeting of the citizens of Montgomery, called to con- 
sider the condition of affairs then existing. The the- 
ater in which the meeting was held, was crowded to 
excess. When we arrived. Governor Watts was ad- 
dressing the assembled multitude. We could scarce- 



132 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

ly get standing room. The Governor spoke for more 
than an hour, made many good points, defended 
President Davis, and altogether his speech was an 
able one, practical and thoroughly patriotic. He re- 
ferred to the different spirit displayed by the people 
at home from that of the soldiers in the field. He 
was followed by other speakers and a series of patri- 
otic resolutions was adopted by the people present 

I spent Sunday in Montgomery, preached morning 
and evening and baptized the son of Lieutenant-Gen- 
eral Albert J. Smith. Leaving Montgomery the next 
morning, I arrived at Columbus, Georgia, at five 
o'clock in the evening, after an absence of more than 
three months. I was glad to find my family well. 

I took up my work of assisting the Rev. Mr. 
Hawks as before my departure for Tennessee. The 
1st of March was Ash Wednesday and it rained in- 
cessantly. I said Morning Prayer and preached for 
the rector of the parish, who though able to attend the 
service, was looking very badly. His active la- 
bors were evidently at an end. Three weeks later, 
my former classmate. Dr. Frank Stanford, put him un- 
der the influence of chloroform, and operated upon 
him with a knife, removing a cancer. He bore the 
operation well, and was present to give his blessing, 
when on the 5tli of April, at the rectory, I united in 
the bonds of matrimony. Captain John S. Smith, aid- 
de-camp to General Hood, and Sallie C. Hawks, the 
reverend gentleman's daughter. And his health con- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 33 

tinued reasonably good so long as I remained in Col- 
umbus. 

During the season of Lent I officiated every Sun- 
day for Mr. Hawks and delivered a course of lectures 
on ** Confirmation.'* On the loth of March, Friday 
and the day appointed by President Davis as a day of 
fasting, humiliation and prayer, I preached to a crowd- 
ed congregation from Isaiah iv, 12. I attended to 
funerals, baptisms and other parochical duties for Mr. 
Hawks. Among the baptisms, was that of General 
Warner, chief engineer of the Naval Works at Colum- 
bus. Another was that of Captain Rodolph Morerod, 
of the Thirty-third Tennessee, StrahFs brigade. He 
was of Swiss parentage, a native of Indiana and a 
practicing physician before the war. 

Major-General John C. Brown spent an evening 
with me just before he left to join his command, hav- 
ing recovered sufficiently from the wound received at 
the Battle of Franklin. He made a full statement to 
me of his movements at Spring Hill, which satisfied 
me that his skirts were clear of even a shadow of 
blame for the neglect of a great opportunity, as is 
sometimes said. I had always believed it, for he was 
at once one of the noblest of men and most accom- 
plished of soldiers. I had united him in the bonds of 
matrimony with Miss Bettie Childress, a little more 
than a year previously, at Griffin, Geoigia, under 
somewhat romantic circumstances. Invitations had 
been issued for the wedding to take place at nine 
o'clock, in the evening of the 23rd of February, 



134 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

(1864). The groom, accompanied by nine officers 
of his staff, arrived in Griffin on the 22nd. But the 
following morning he received a telegram from Gen- 
eral Joseph E. Johnston, ordering him to report at 
once at Rome, Georgia. The officers who were with 
him were likewise recalled. 

General Brown at once sought Miss Childress and 
laid the case before her. 

"You will have to return to your command,'* she 
said. 

"But not before you are my wife,** he replied. 

I was in attendance at the hospitals in Griffin at 
the time and was sent for and married them at one 
o* clock in the afternoon in the presence of a few 
friends. The groom said "good by** to his bride and 
went to the seat of war. Two weeks later he had a 
leave of absence and with his bride took a wedding 
journey. 

I baptized the children of this marriage, confirmed 
all but one, performed the ceremony at the marriage 
of the eldest daughter and officiated at her funeral a 
year later. I was with the heart-broken father at the 
death-bed of a second daughter and stood with him 
at her grave. 

Thus I knew General Brown in peace and war, in 
joy and sorrow, in sunshine and beneath the clouds, 
and I always knew him as a true man — faithful in all 
the relations of life, broad-minded and generous, an 
enterprising citizen, a lawyer, a statesman, — a man 
always to be depended upon. He had the good 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I35 

judgment, the force and decision of character, the 
methodical habit and the fidelity and integrity of pur- 
pose which compelled confidence and made success 
easy. After I became Bishop of Tennessee and es- 
pecially during his term as Governor of Tennessee, 
we were warm friends. His death on the 17th of Au- 
gust, 1889, W2LS sudden and unexpected. I was ap- 
prised thereof by telegram and hastened to the funer- 
al at Pulaski, Tennessee, where I laid him to rest with 
the solemn and impressive services of the Church. 

At another time we had as our guests Lieutenant- 
Colonel Dawson of the 1 54th Tennessee, and Briga- 
dier-General Felix H. Robertson, both nearly recov- 
ered from their wounds. 

But I received the most distressing news of the 
death of Mr. Jacob K. Sass, President of the Bank of 
Charleston and Treasurer of the Council of the 
Church in the Confederate States of America. He 
had just escaped from Columbia, South Carolina, be- 
fore its fall, and died at Unionville. He was one of 
the noblest laymen of the Church, of large heart and 
mind, full of love for Christ and the Church, — abun- 
dant in labors, earnest-minded and pure-hearted. 

Mr. Rhodes Brown one day handed me a brief and 
pointed note, to the following effect: "To the Rev. 
Dr. Quintard, for his private use, from a few friends.'* 
The note contained ^^2500 and was no doubt given to 
enable me to purchase theological books and I think 
Mr. Brown was the sole donor. 



136 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

On Palm Sunday, (April 9th) I brought before the 
Church people at the services, the importance of 
establishing an Orphanage and Church Home in 
Columbus, and gave notice that the offerings on the 
following Sunday (Easter) would be for that purpose. 

On Good Friday it was with great delight that I 
received into the Church by baptism, my old friend 
General Washington Barrow, of Nashville. He was 
one of my earliest friends in that city and always 
commanded my highest and warmest regard. He 
had received a classical education, studied law and 
was admitted to the bar. He was American Charge- 
d' Affaires in Portugal from 1841 to 1844, served in 
Congress as a Whig from Tennessee, was State Sena- 
tor in i860 and 1861, and a member of the Commis- 
sion that negotiated a Military League between the 
Southern States on the 4th of May, 1861. He was 
arrested in March, 1862, by Governor Johnson, of 
Tennessee, on charge of disloyalty and was imprisoned 
in the penitentiary at Nashville, but was released the 
following week by order of President Lincoln. He 
died in St Louis, in October, 1866. 

Before Easter came, Charleston, — the City by the 
Sea, — after as gallant a defence as the records of his- 
tory, ancient or modem, furnish, — had fallen. Colum- 
bia had suffered severely from a visit of the Federal 
forces. Selma, Alabama, had been taken and the 
larger part of it burned. Finally the rumors that had 
reached us from time to time, that Richmond had 
fallen, were confirmed. General Howell Cobb wrote 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 37 

to the Mayor of Columbus, urging him to do all in 
his power to arouse the citizens to a sense of their 
duty, to oppose the arming of the negroes, and to 
promise from the military authorities all the assistance 
that could be rendered. 

But from the address of President Davis upon the 
occasion of the fall of Richmond, and from the pro- 
clamation of the Governor of Alabama to the people 
of his state when it was threatened with an invasion 
of Federal troops, it was evident that hope was dying 
out in the hearts of the people and that the end of 
the Confederacy was not far off. 

Easter Eve the enemy was in Montgomery and 
that city was surrendered by the Mayor without an 
effort at defence. Everything in Columbus was in 
commotion. The tranquility of the place was not in 
the least served by the distressing news that was re- 
ceived of the assassination of President Lincoln. 
Absurd preparations were made for the defence of 
the city, but it was an insignificant force that could 
be gathered there. 

Thus Easter dawned. The first service of the day 
was at half-past five in the morning when I celebrat- 
ed the Holy Communion. There was a very large 
attendance at this service. Many men were present 
It was most solemn and impressive. All hearts were 
filled with forebodings of what was to come. The 
enemy was close at hand. 

At the second service at half-past ten, I said the 
Litany and celebrated the Holy Communion. I did 



138 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

not preach, feeling that it was a time for prayer and 
supplication only. The offerings as previously an- 
nounced, were for the Church Home and Orphanage. 
They amounted to $33,000. 

I stood at the altar for a considerable time admin- 
istering the sacrament to officers and soldiers who 
came to receive before going to the field. Among 
these I recognized General Finley, of Florida, and 
Lieutenant Green, son of the Bishop of Mississippi. 
I was deeply touched by seeing an officer who was 
very devout, kneel at the chancel rail, and then hasten 
away, equipped for battle, clasping his wife by the hand 
as he tore himself from her. 

At noon the Federal artillery began firing upon the 
city. The fight for the defence of Columbus was 
quite a brisk affair. Major-General Howell Cobb was 
chief in command, his second being Colonel Leon 
Von Zinken, Commander of the post Our whole 
force was less than 4,000, while that of the Federals 
amounted to some 12,000 or 15,000, under Major- 
General James H. Wilson. The enemy not only great- 
ly outnumbered our force but was splendidly equip- 
ped. 

The enemy was twice repulsed, but of course our 
troops had, before very long, to give way before such 
superiority of numbers and equipment About ten 
and a half o'clock on Monday morning, our troops 
fell back across the river into the city and beat a has- 
ty retreat on the road to Macon, numbers of them 
passing by my house. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 139 

I had made but little preparation for the coming of 
the enemy. I had in my possession the money col- 
lected at the offertory at the Sunday morning service. 
This I wrapped up in a piece of rubber cloth and a 
friend put it in the top of a tall pine tree for me. It 
may be there yet for aught I know. I had at my 
house a considerable amount of silver ware. This 
was rapidly gathered up, put in a sack and low- 
ered into a well. Some battle-field trophies were 
thrown into another well. About mid-night we re- 
tired to rest thinking we might be disturbed at any 
moment 

But it was not until eight o* clock on Tuesday morn- 
ing that any of the Federal soldiers put in an appear- 
ance. The first man who rode into my front yard 
was a sergeant of the Tenth Missouri Cavalry. He 
asked if I had seen any Confederates about there, to 
which I replied : **Not since last night*' 

"Which way were they going?'* he next inquired. 

"Towards Macon." 

"Can we get something to eat?" 

"Yes, breakfast will soon be ready. Will you walk 
in?" 

He rode off and called a Lieutenant, who rode up, 
hitched his horse in the front yard, taking the pre- 
caution to throw the front gates wide open. As he 
went up the steps of the porch, I asked him his name. 
He then gave it as Jones, but after breakfast he told 
me his name was Freese, which it evidently was. 



I40 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

I had with me as a guest, Mr. Samuel Noble, a 
very dear friend who had arrived from Selma on Sun- 
day morning. He was a Pennsylvanian, who had 
been sent South by the Federal government to secure 
cotton and prevent its being destroyed by the Con- 
federates. At Selma he had fallen under the suspicion 
of the Federals and after being released by them, was 
taken up as a spy by our soldiers. He was asked with 
whom he was acquainted and gave me as his reference. 
He was accordingly sent on to Columbus in charge of 
a Lieutenant, who instantly released him upon my 
recognizing him. He was of great service to me in 
the emergencies which now arose. 

Lieutenant Freese seemed a gentlemanly fellow 
enough and gave me the following paper for my 
protection : 

I have paid a visit to the house of the Rev. C. T. Quintard, 
(where Samuel Noble of Pennsylvania is a guest,) for the pro- 
tection of his person and property. All soldiers will leave every- 
thing unmolested until General Wilson can send out a Guard as 
applied for. This property must remain unmolested. 

Henry H. Freese, 
ist Lieut Co. D. loth Mo. Cavalry, Volunteer U. S. A. 

Armed with this document, Mr. Noble determined 
to keep out all intruders. Several friends took shelter 
at my house. Infamous outrages were committed in 
the presence of ladies at my nearest neighbor's ; and 
in his effort to protect us, Mr. Noble was twice put in 
imminent danger, pistols being placed at his head 
with threats that he would be shot. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I4I 

So I went to headquarters to secure a guard. A 
neighbor went with me and a soldier agreed to pro- 
tect my premises until my return. I called first on 
General Winslow, with a note from Mr. Noble address- 
ed to both General Winslow and Captain Hodge, his 
Acting Adjutant-General. Captain Hodge not only 
treated me with great courtesy, but accompanied me 
to the office of the Provost Marshal. Not finding the 
latter as I desired, I determined to call upon General 
Wilson. 

I wrote out a statement of what had transpired at 
my neighbor's house and sent it in to the General with 
my card. The General himself came to the door, 
shook hands with me very cordially and invited me 
into his room where he introduced me to General 
McCook. 

I asked General McCook to read the statement I 
had written and he did so. Then rising from his seat 
and pacing the floor, he said with great warmth : •* Doc- 
tor, if you could identify these men who have com- 
mitted this outrage, I would hang them in a minute if 
I could put my hands on them.*' 

He immediately gave orders to his Adjutant who in 
turn gave the necessary orders to the Provost Marshal. 
By this means I secured a guard for my own house 
and for three of my neighbors. It was to the great 
relief of my family that I finally returned home, for 
they feared from my long absence that some mishap 
had befallen me. 



142 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

We had a quiet night and I had the good fortune 
the next morning to save both of my horses. On 
leaving the breakfast table, I walked out on the front 
porch, and saw two Federal soldiers putting their sad- 
dles on my horses. I called to the Lieutenant in 
command of the guard, to know if I must give them 
both up. He came out immediately, buckled on his 
sword, went to the men, gave them a sound thumping 
with his sword and ordered them to unsaddle and give 
up the horses. They at once obeyed and I put the 
horses in the basement of my house. When an hour 
later four other soldiers came dashing up expecting to 
secure my horses, they failed to find them, and Mr. 
Noble went out and put the intruders off the premises. 

A few days later the guards were all called in, the 
troops having been ordered forward on the road to 
Macon. A number of stragglers came to the house 
from time to time and made efforts to enter it, but 
without success. 

One night the torch was applied to the government 
property, factories, etc., in Columbus. The heavens 
were brilliantly lighted up and at intervals there were 
tremendous explosions. The loudest was at one 
o'clock, when the magazine was fired. It shattered 
the glass in houses two miles away. All *along the 
river, the enemy left a scene of desolation and ruin. 
All the bridges were destroyed. The factories, naval 
works, nitre works, and cotton houses, were all burned* 
The shops in the town were all pillaged chiefly by the 
poor of the town. The destruction is said to have in- 
volved about fifteen millions of dollars. 



CHAPTER XIV 

PERSONAL NARRATIVE THE CLOSE OF THE WAR 

From Columbus I made my way as best I could 
with my family, to Atlanta, where I was the guest of 
my friend Mr. Richard Peters. 

The affairs of the Confederacy, its armies, its poli- 
tical organization, had all come to naught General 
Thomas and his army had effected a junction with 
General Grant. Cavalry, infantry and artillery com- 
pletely surrounded the Confederate forces, whose 
supply of ammunition was nearly exhausted. Over- 
whelming circumstances compelled the capitulation of 
General Lee at Appomattox Court House, on ^Sun- 
day April 9th, 1865. A few days later occurred the 
assassination of President Lincoln and that event was 
followed by the proclamation offering a reward for the 
apprehension of Jefferson Davis and certain other 
persons, — not as the chief actors in the recent war, 
— but 2& particeps criminis in that atrocious crime. 

In my stay at Atlanta I was brought somewhat in 
touch with the march of events. On the 20th of May 
the Honorable Ben Hill was brought to Atlanta. He 
had been an intimate friend of President Davis and 
was a man of fine intellect He bore himself nobly in 
the then depressing state of affairs. I had a long and 
most interesting conversation with him. Mr. Mallory, 
who had been Secretary of the Confederate Navy, 
seemed to take a pessimistic view of the situation, and 
told me that his greatest regret was that he had spent 



144 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

four years of his life in working for a people unfit for 
independence. 

Major-General Howell Cobb, although a paroled 
prisoner of war, was brought into Atlanta under 
guard, probably to accompany Mr. Hill and Mr. 
Mallory to Washington. I had half an hour's con- 
versation with him. He told me that he had no 
regrets for the past so far as his own conduct was 
concerned ; that he was willing to let his record stand 
without the dotting of an / or the crossing of a // that 
he felt that the future had nothing in store for him ; 
that he was willing to submit to the United States 
laws ; and that he had no desire to escape from the 
United States officers. 

"Indeed," said he, "were there now two paths be- 
fore me, one leading to the woods and the other to 
the gallows, I would rather take the latter than com- 
promise my self-respect by attempting to escape." 

On Sunday, the 2ist of May, I officiated in the 
Central Presbyterian Church, Atlanta. There was an 
immense congregation present It was made up of 
about an equal number of Federals and Confederates. 
Before beginning the service, I made a brief address 
in which I expressed my views as to the duties of all 
true men in the then present condition of the country. 
I said that every man should do his utmost to heal 
the wounds and to hide the seams and scars of the 
fratricidal war that had just closed. I told the con- 
gregation that I would not use the prayer for the 
President of the United States at that service, simply 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 145 

because it had not yet been authorized by the Bishop 
of the Diocese whose ecclesiastical jurisdiction in the 
matter I recognized. I then proceeded with the ser- 
vice. 

A few evenings later, Major E. B. Beaumont, Ad- 
jutant-General on Major-General Wilson's staff, took 
tea with us. He was from Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, 
and an intimate friend of Mr. Peters* relatives in that 
state. As soon as he reached Macon, he wrote to Mr. 
Peters requesting him to call on him for any assistance 
he might be able to render. He was then on his way 
home on thirty days* leave. 

He was a graduate of West Point, and, — like all 
from that institution with whom I was ever brought 
in contact, — a gentleman. From him I heard the 
Federal side of the story of the Columbus fight I 
appreciated more than ever how utterly absurd was 
the attempt on the part of the Confederates to de- 
fend the place ! We had but a handful of untrained 
militia and a squad of veterans from the hospitals, 
against 13,000 of the best disciplined and best equip- 
ped troops of the Federal army ! 

From Atlanta I started for Nashville, accompanied 
by my family and my friend Mr. Peters, who was 
most anxious to get to Philadelphia. The railroad 
between Atlanta and Chattanooga had been destroyed 
but had been re-built as far south as Kingston, Geor- 
gia. I found an old friend, the engineer in charge of 
the work of construction, who gladly received us into 
his coach and provided us with abounding hospitality. 



146 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

As there was considerable difficulty in getting 
through Chattanooga, I called upon the Federal Com- 
mander at Kingston, and asked him if he would 
kindly facilitate my movements. I handed him my 
passport upon which he endorsed his name and asked 
me to hand it to an officer in an adjoining room. The 
latter, to my surprise, provided me with free passes to 
Nashville. Arrived at Nashville, I was very cordially 
received at the residence of my friend. Colonel Harry 
Yeatman. This was on a Friday. The next day, the 
Rev. W. D. Harlow, then in charge of Christ Church, 
called upon me. I said to him in the course of our 
conversation : **I shall be glad to take part with you 
in the services tomorrow.*' For the hall, used by my 
congregation previous to the war, had been taken by 
the military, in 1862, and converted into barracks, 
and my congregation was scattered. 

"Perhaps you had better not," he said. 

**And pray, why not?'* I asked. 

**The authorities might not like it," he replied. 

**Very well," I rejoined, "if they do not like it, 
let them come and arrest me. I shall not object in 
the least." 

I learned subsequently that he had called upon 
General Parkhurst of Michigan, then Provost Marshal 
of Nashville, informed him of my arrival and asked 
him if I would be permitted to officiate. 

"Ah," replied the General, "has the Doctor re- 
turned ? Where does he officiate ? I shall be glad 
to attend his services." 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 47 

Later I was called upon to visit the General's wife 
in sickness and I found myself very busily engaged 
in visiting the sick and wounded of the Federal forces 
at Nashville and in burying their dead. For weeks 
I was in constant attendance in the hospitals and in 
camp. Gradually I began to realize that I had been 
unconsciously converted from a Confederate to a 
Federal Chaplain. When I decided to take my fami- 
ly to New York, I was waited upon by a committee 
of Federal officers, the chairman of which made a 
touching address and asked me to accept a purse of 
gold in token of the high appreciation in which my 
services had been held by the Federal officers in 
Nashville. I need hardly say that I was both sur- 
prised and gratified. 

In those days the railways were in charge of mili- 
tary conductors, the coaches were greatly crowded 
and it was difficult to obtain seats. But General 
Parkhurst came to my assistance, sent his adjutant to 
the railway station to secure seats for me and my fam- 
ily, and placed a guard over them. Thus my family 
made a very comfortable journey. 

On reaching New York, I was most cordially re- 
ceived by my friend the Rev. Dr. Morgan, Rec- 
tor of St. Thomas* Church, and was invited to preach 
for him the following Sunday. His was therefore the 
first church in the North in which I preached or held 
service of any kind after the war. 

I returned to Tennessee on the ist of September, 
1865, and on the 6th of that month, a special con- 



148 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

vention of the Diocese met in pursuance of the call 
of the Standing Committee, to elect a Bishop to suc- 
ceed Bishop Otey, who had died in April, 1863. 
The convention met in Christ Church, Nashville. On 
the second day, the convention proceeded to the elec- 
tion. And in the afternoon of that day, the President 
of the Convention, the Rev. Dr. Pise, announced that 
the clergy, by an almost unanimous vote, had nomi- 
nated me for that high office. 

The laity retired to consider the nomination and 
soon returned and reported that they had ratified the 
same. The President thereupon announced that I 
had been duly elected Bishop of the Diocese of Ten- 
nessee. With my consecration in St Luke's Church, 
Philadelphia, in the presence of the General Conven- 
tion of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United 
States of America, on Wednesday, the nth of Octo- 
ber, 1865, I felt that the war between the states was 
indeed over. 



CHAPTER XV 

A LONG EPISCOPATE 

The consecration of Dr. Quintard to the Episco- 
pate of Tennessee was of peculiar significance in the 
history of the Church in the United States. The 
consecration took place at the first meeting of the 
General Convention after the close of the war. At 
that convention all doubts as to the mutual relations 
of the Northern and Southern Dioceses were dispelled. 
The latter had never been dropped from the roll of 
the General Convention, notwithstanding the fact that 
pending the war they had been forced by the exigen- 
cies of the case, to withdraw from the Northern Dio- 
ceses and organize the "Protestant Episcopal Church 
in the Confederate States of America." They were 
still regarded as constituent members of the American 
National Church. Each day of the convention meet- 
ing in 1862, the Southern Dioceses had been called 
in their proper turn, beginning with Alabama ; and 
though absent, their right to be present was never 
questioned. Still the question must have arisen in 
the minds of many of the Southern Churchmen as to 
how far this feeling might extend among the Church 
people of the North. 

With the General Convention meeting in Philadel- 
phia in October came the opportunity for the Church 
and the Church people of the North to express clear- 
ly their feelings towards their Southern brethren ; and 
this they did, first, by the cordial welcome extended 



150 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

to the two southern Bishops present, and to the cleri- 
cal and lay deputies in attendance from three South- 
em Dioceses ; secondly, by the ratification of the con- 
secration of the Rt Rev. Dr. Wilmer to the Episco- 
pate of Alabama, which had taken place in 1862, 
at the hands of Southern Bishops acting wholly inde- 
pendently of the Church in the North; and third- 
ly, by the almost unanimous vote upon the report 
made to the House of Deputies on the Consecration 
of the Bishop-elect of Tennessee, wholly ignoring the 
especially conspicuous official position he had held in 
the Confederate army and the prominent part he had 
taken in the affairs of the Church in the Confederate 
States. His consecration, therefore, furnished a very 
significant act by which to crown the work of reunion 
of the Northern and Southern Dioceses. 

The service of Consecration was, in dignity of ritu- 
al, quite in advance of the times. Dr. Quintard pre- 
pared himself therefor, by a vigil held in the Church 
of St. James-the-Less. The Consecrator was the Rt 
Rev. Dr. Hopkins, Bishop of Vermont and Pre- 
siding Bishop of the Church in the United States. 
Five other Bishops of Northern Dioceses united in the 
act of Consecration, as did also the Rt Rev. Fran- 
cis Fulford, D.D., Bishop of Montreal and Metro- 
politan of Canada, whose presence "contributed to 
a growing sense of the unity of the Church through- 
out the whole American continent*' 

In the history of the Diocese of Tennessee, the con- 
secration of a second Bishop marked, of course, a dis- 



PERSONAL NARBIATIVE I5I 

tinct and important epoch. That Diocese had met 
with other losses than that of her ante-bellum Bishop. 
The war had swept away to a large extent, the re- 
sults of his work and that of his clergy. All the hor- 
rors of war had been visited upon the State and Dio- 
cese. Churches had been mutilated and destroyed 
and congregations had been scattered. The effects 
of the war were very deeply impressed upon the 
mind of the new and young Bishop in the first se- 
ries of visitations made by him in his Diocese, — a sad 
and laborious journey beginning in November, 1865. 
The evidences of devastation were fresh and visible 
on every side. In some places, where before there 
were promising parishes and missions, there was no 
fit building left standing in which services could be 
held. Only three churches in the whole Diocese were 
uninjured and very few were fit for occupation. Many 
were in ruins. The returns from two of the parishes 
showed similiarly severe inroads upon congregations. 
In one of these there remained 65 out of 147 com- 
municants reported before the war. In the other, ten 
only remained out of 65 previously reported. 

The Bishop never faltered as he confronted con- 
ditions which foretold the anxious care, the exhaust- 
ing labors, the weary journeys, the disappointments, 
the fears and the griefs the coming years were to 
bring. It was with the utmost cheerfulness that he 
took up the burdens of the Episcopate, and in gather- 
ing up the disjecta membra of the Church in Ten- 
nessee and in strengthening the things that remained, 



152 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Bishop Quintard was a marvel. In labors, in joumey- 
ings and in "the care of all the churches/' he was 
truly an Apostle, — not a step behind any of the he- 
roes of the American Missionary Episcopate. His 
jurisdiction, though nominally a Diocese, was virtual- 
ly a Missionary District in all respects save that it 
never received its due proportion of the Church's 
funds devoted to Missionary enterprises. 

With far-sighted statesmanship. Dr. Quintard per- 
ceived in 1865, that the Church's effectiveness could 
be enhanced by the Division of the Diocese of Ten- 
nessee and the establishment of the See Episcopate in 
the three chief cities, — Memphis, Nashville and Knox- 
ville. And from that time on, a division of the Dio- 
cese that would increase the efficiency of the work of 
the Church therein, was kept constantly before the 
minds of the people. But strange to say, the very 
arguments used in support of the plea for the relief 
needed, were made the excuse for not granting it. 
**It is impossible for the Church to grow in such a 
large territory under the supervision of a single bish- 
op, let him work never so hard nor so wisely," con-i 
stantly pleaded the Diocese of Tennessee. **The 
Church is not growing fast enough in the Diocese of 
Tennessee to warrant a division of that Diocese and 
an increase of Episcopal supervision therein," was the 
invariable reply. And so it was not until five years be- 
fore the Bishop's death, — not until after he had worn 
himself out by his efforts to perform single-handed the 
work of three Bishops in his diocese, — not until after 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I 53 

repeated illness had warned him that he must have 
relief, — that a Coadjutor was elected and consecrated 
for him. 

The wide-spread popularity of Dr. Quintard, his per- 
sonal magnetism and the large-hearted charity he had 
manifested in time of war, were not without their ef- 
fect for a time upon the work he had undertaken. 
Wherever he appeared there flocked to meet him his 
old friends of the camp and battle-field. They felt 
that the religion he preached, having stood the test 
of adversity in war-time, was a good religion for times 
of peace, — a good religion to rule the every-day bus- 
iness of life. They readily yielded in large numbers 
to his persistent appeals to them to confess Christ be- 
fore men. In his record of official acts published in 
the Diocesan Journal from year to year, he noted such 
gratifying incidents as the baptism and confirmation 
at his hands of some of the officers and men with 
whom his acquaintance had begun on the battle-field 
or in camp. In the few months that elapsed between 
his consecration and the meeting of his first Diocesan 
Convention, 314 persons were confirmed by him in 
Tennessee, and that number was a good yearly aver- 
erage of his confirmations for nearly thirty-three years ; 
and his 470 confirmations, 152 sermons and 112 ad- 
dresses, reported to the convention in 1867, for the 
first full year of his Episcopate, were a sample of the 
pace he set for himself at the beginning of his Epis- 
copate. 



154 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

But as before the war, Bishop Otey in an Episco- 
pate of little less than twenty-nine years, discovered 
that there was a remarkable tendency among church- 
men to move away from Tennessee, so it was after the 
war, as Bishop Quintard was to find. Bishop Otey 
confirmed more than 6,000 persons in Tennessee, yet 
the Diocese never numbered more than 3,500 com- 
municants before the war arrested its development 
Many of those whom the ante-bellum bishop con- 
firmed took their way, like the Star of Empire, west- 
ward, and began to colonize the Dioceses of Missouri, 
Texas and California. Bishop Quintard, by actual 
count, confirmed more than 12,000 persons, and yet 
his Diocese was never, to the day of his death, able 
to count 6,000 communicants. 

Despite the difficulties of the field in which it was 
given him to labor for the upbuilding of the Church, 
the Bishop was in the forefront of every movement 
which went on in the Church in the latter part of the 
nineteenth century. He was a pioneer in the adop- 
tion of the Cathedral system in the American Church. 
He was among the first to utilize the work of the Sis- 
terhoods in the administration of Diocesan charitable 
institutions. With his refined and cultivated tastes, 
it was natural that he should give attention to the im- 
provement of ecclesiastical architecture in his Diocese. 
And he was a leader in the work of the Church for the 
negro. In 1883, a conference of bishops, presbyters 
and laymen was held in Sewanee, to consider the re- 
lations of the Church to the colored people of the 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I 55 

South. A canon was proposed for the organization 
of work among colored people, which, when it came 
before the General Convention, was known as "the 
Sewanee Canon." It was never adopted by the Gen- 
eral Convention but the work among the negroes in 
Tennessee was organized in accordance with its sug- 
gestions. 

In the list of the American Episcopate, Bishop 
Quintard's name is the seventy-fifth. It is an unusual 
name, especially conspicuous by beginning with an 
unusual letter. These may seem trivial circumstances 
to receive mention here, but the fact is that they seem 
significant of the striking position which the Bishop 
held among his brethren, of the peculiarities of his 
personality, and of the attention he attracted to him- 
self throughout the country. He was, as has been 
seen, a link between the ante-bellum and the post- 
bellum Bishop. He was likewise a link between the 
clergymen of the old school and those of the new. 
It is curious to those who knew him later than 1870, 
to see him represented in the portraits taken soon 
after his elevation to the Episcopate, wearing the 
"bands,** — the surviving fragment of the broad col- 
lars worn in Milton's time. He probably gave them 
up about the time of his first visit to England in 1 867. 
He must have been among the first in America to 
wear his college hood when officiating. For it is re- 
lated that after he had officiated on one occasion in a 
Church in Connecticut, a lady was heard to exclaim 
in great indignation, "The idea of that Southern 



156 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

Bishop coming to this church and wearing a Rebel 
flag on his back T' 

In sympathy with the Oxford movement in the 
Church of England, he was a leader in that move- 
ment as it affected the Church in America, and so 
was called a "High Churchman," at a time when that 
term was of somewhat different application from what 
it is now. And he was then called a "Ritualist," 
and was regarded as an extremist though at the pres- 
ent day he would be considered a very moderate rit- 
ualist 

He was always a welcome visitor in all parts of 
the country and people not only delighted to hear 
him preach but especially enjoyed social intercourse 
with him. His conversation was extremely entertain- 
ing, partly because of the breadth of his experiences 
in times of war and in times of peace ; — as a traveller 
in England and as the hard-working Bishop of a 
Southern Diocese, but also because his talk scintillat- 
ed with wit and quick repartee. 

When some one in New York asked him why he 
had named a Church at Sewanee, "St Paul's-on-the- 
Mountain," he answered : " Sewanee is Cherokee Indi- 
an for 'Mother Mountain,* and you know St Paul 
preached on Mars Hill." On another occasion a man 
was attempting to argue with him in regard to what 
he chose to call "the use of forms" in the Church. 
"Well," said the Bishop, "you know that when the 
earth was without form, it was void ; and that is the 
way with many Christians." 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 157 

The Bishop enjoyed a reputation as a pulpit orator 
that became wider than national. His voice was 
**as musical as the lute and resonant as a bugle." 
The Southern newspapers between 1868 and 1875 
praised his eloquence and noted the fact that, in spite 
of his belonging to a school of thought not altogether 
popular in the South at that time, people of all shades 
of opinion thronged the churches to hear him preach. 
He was a ready extemporaneous speaker, yet his ser- 
mons were for the most part carefully prepared and 
written out and delivered from the manuscript Some 
of them became widely known through many repeti- 
tions, and not a few became famous. One of these 
had a history the Bishop was as fond of telling as he 
was of repeating the sermon. 

It was known as the ** Bishop's Samson Sermon," 
and was from the text, **I will go out as at other 
times and shake myself" (Judges xvi, 20.) When 
first delivered in one of the parishes of Tennessee, 
the Bishop was informed by a disgusted hearer that it 
was ** positively indecent," and not fit to be preached 
before any congregation. Consequently the sermon 
was "retired" until it was almost forgotten. Some 
time afterward, however, it was by accident included 
among sermons provided for use on one of the Bish- 
op's series of visitations; and when discovered with 
his homiletic ammunition, the Bishop read it over 
carefully but without finding anything in it that 
could be characterized as indecent. So he deter- 
mined to "try it again." It made a deep and whole- 



158 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

some impression upon the minds of those who then 
heard it 

He preached it one Sunday night in Christ Church, 
St Louis, and after the service a gentleman said to 
him, "Bishop, if you will preach that sermon here to- 
morrow night, I will have this church full of men to 
hear you." The sermon was accordingly preached the 
following night and the gentleman kept his promise. 

The sermon was preached at Trinity College, Port 
Hope, Canada ; at West Point, before a congregation 
of cadets ; at Sewanee, Tennessee, before successive 
classes of students of The University of the South ; — 
it was preached everywhere the Bishop went, — usu- 
ally at some one's request who had heard it before 
and who wanted the impression made on his mind at 
the first hearing, renewed. Numberless were the let- 
ters received by the Bishop telling him of hearing that 
sermon and of good resulting from it 

In his repeated visits to England, Bishop Quintard 
enjoyed a distinction never before, and rarely since, 
accorded to any member of the American Episcopate. 
The first of these visits was made in 1867 in order 
that he might be present at, and participate in, the 
meeting of the first Pan-Angilcan or Lambeth Con- 
ference. He attended subsequent conferences up to 
1897, 21 few months before his death. At each of 
these visits he was the recipient of an unusual amount 
of attention from English Bishops and from the Eng- 
lish people of every rank and he revolutionized the 
opinions of the Englishmen of that day as to Ameri- 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I 59 

ca and Americans. The English newspapers were 
captivated by his powers in the pulpit One of the 
Liverpool daily papers said that "the Bishop of Ten- 
nessee speaks English better than an Englishman and 
preaches with the fire and clearness of Lacordaire." 

One of the leading London papers devoted two ed- 
itorial columns to a description of him and said ; "The 
Bishop of Tennessee is the first American we ever 
heard whose speech did not bewray him." "His ex- 
terior is impressive." "His voice strong and search- 
ing and his enunciation deliberate." "His well-turn- 
ed sentences are like solid carved mahogany." "He 
is a type of the highest average of the American pub- 
lic man." "His sermon was in every sense sufficient, 
strong, well-knit and balanced, and adequately emo- 
tional, w^hile never falling short of the full dignity of 
the preacher's office and evident character. If the 
Church in America has many such Bishops it is in- 
deed a living, efflorescent, healing branch of the great 
tree, which, according to Dr. Quintard, has never 
withered a day in England since the epoch of the 
Apostles." 

He was a guest of the Bishop of London at Ful- 
ham Palace ; was present at his ordination examina- 
tions and took part with him in the ordination of 
twenty-five priests and nineteen deacons in the fa- 
mous Chapel Royal, Whitehall; at the invitation of 
the Bishop of London, he preached the first sermon 
at the special evening services in St Paul's Cathedral ; 
he officiated at the service at the laying of the cor- 



l60 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

ner stone of the church of St Paul, Old Brentford, — 
the stone being laid by H. R. H. Mary Adelaide, 
Princess of Teck ; he laid the foundation stone of 
St Chad's Church, Haggeston, London; he was 
present with Bishops from the far-away South Sea 
Islands, from Canada, and elsewhere, at the laying of 
the foundation stone of Keble Memorial College, Ox- 
ford ; he reopened the restored parish church of Gar- 
stag ; he assisted the Archbishop of York and preach- 
ed the sermon at the consecration of the Church of 
St Michael, Sheffield ; he assisted the Archbishop of 
York at the parish church, Sheffield, where a class, 
numbering six hundred, was confirmed ; he adminis- 
tered the Apostolic rite for the Bishops of London 
and Winchester ; and on the invitation of the Bish- 
ops of Oxford and Ely, took part in their Lenten 
Missions in 1 868. 

A second visit was made in 1875-6. His reception 
by the Most Rev. the Archbishops, the Rt Rev. the 
Bishops, the clergy and the laity of the English 
Church was all that could be asked. On two occa- 
sions he administered the Apostolic rite of Confirma- 
tion for the Lord Bishop of London and on two occa- 
sions held confirmations at the request of the Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury. He assisted the Archbishop 
of York also at the confirmation of more than 500 
candidates presented in one class. 

By the invitation of the Archbishop of Canterbury, 
he participated in the opening services of the Convo- 
cation of Canterbury and was the first Bishop of the 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE l6l 

Church, not a member of the Convocation, to be ad- 
mitted to that service. The service was held in the 
Chapel of Henry VIl in Westminster Abbey. 

He assisted at the opening service of Keble Col- 
lege, Oxford, the laying of the foundation stone of 
which he had witnessed eight years before. He unit- 
ed, with Bishops of the Anglican Communion from 
England and Africa, in the consecration, in St Paul's 
Cathedral, of a Bishop for Asia, — the Rt Rev., Dr. 
Mylne, Bishop of Bombay. 

He visited the continent also and Scotland; attend- 
ed the Church Congress at Stoke-upon-Trent ; and as- 
sisted at the Consecration of the Cathedral of Cum- 
brae, in the Diocese of Argyle and the Isles. Return- 
ing to England he was again present at the opening of 
the Convocation of Canterbury. The degree of Doctor 
of Laws was conferred upon him by the University of 
Cambridge on the occasion of this visit. 

He was again in England in 1881 and attended, by 
invitation, the funeral of Dean Stanley, (July 25th). 
On the invitation of the Queen's Domestic Chaplain, 
the Hon. and Rev. Dr. Wellesley, he preached in the 
Chapel Royal, Windsor, on Sunday, August 14th. 
No American had ever previously been invited to 
preach in this chapel. He took for his text on that 
occasion: **If thou hast run with the footmen and 
they have wearied thee, then how canst thou contend 
with horses? and if in the land of peace, wherein 
thou trustedst they wearied thee, then how wilt thou 
do in the swelling of Jordan?" (Jeremiah xii: 5.) 

M 



1 62 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

In these three visits, therefore, the Bishop per- 
formed every service appertaining to the Episcopal 
office. Such experiences were absolutely unique for 
an American Bishop at that time. It had often been 
asserted that the Bishops and clergy of the Church in 
America were not permitted to officiate in the Church 
of England. These visits of the Bishop not only gave 
him an extended acquaintance among the Bishops 
and clergy and prominent laity of the English 
Church, but changed the relations between them and 
the American Church, so that the latter has since been 
held in higher regard by the Church of England. 
How much this was influential in leading up to the 
present amicable relations existing between England 
and America, it is not necessary for us to inquire, 
though doubtless such an influence might be taken 
into account in tracing up the history of the present 
Anglo-American alliance. 

In 1887 the Bishop was in England and was pres- 
ent by invitation of the Dean of Westminster, in the 
Abbey at the Queen's Jubilee. He assisted at an 
anniversary service of the Order of St John of Jeru- 
salem, in the Chapel Royal, Savoy. As a Chaplain 
of the Order, he attended a meeting in the Chapter 
House, Clerkenwell Gate. The following year, as 
Chaplain of the Order, he assisted at the Installation 
of H. R. H. the Prince of Wales, (now Edward VII), 
as Grand Prior of tlie Order of St. John, in succession 
to the Duke of Manchester, who for twenty-five years 
had held the office. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 63 

He was also in attendance, in 1888, at the Lam- 
beth Conference, was the guest of the Archbishop at 
Lambeth Palace, and assisted at the consecration of 
two Bishops. With the Lord Bishop of Peterbor- 
ough, he was presenter of one of them, — the Rev. 
Dr. Thicknesse, consecrated Bishop Suffragan of Lei- 
cester, in the Diocese of Peterborough. 



CHAPTER XVI 

BISHOP QUINTARD AND SEWANEE 

The enthusiasm with which Bishop Quintard, im- 
mediately after his consecration, took up and pushed 
forward whatever promised to be of spiritual benefit 
to the people of the South, was characteristic of the 
man. Especially attractive to him was the scheme 
set forth in the address by Bishop Polk to the Bishops 
of the Southern Dioceses, published in 1856, empha- 
sizing the importance of building up an educational 
institution upon broad foundations, for the promotion 
of social order, civil justice, and Christian truth; to 
be centrally located within the Southern States. The 
scheme had been formulated and developed by its 
projector and originator, Bishop Polk; and **The Uni- 
versity of the South" was duly oi^anized in 1857. 
A liberal charter was secured from the State of 
Tennessee ; title was acquired to a domain of nearly 
ten thousand acres of land upon the top of Sewanee 
Mountain ; the comer-stone of a main college building 
was laid ; and pledges of an endowment amounting 
to half a million of dollars were obtained before the 
war broke out 

In the fall of 1865, before his election to the Episco- 
pate, Dr. Quintard met upon a train between Nash- 
ville and Columbia, the Rev. David Pise, a prominent 
presbyter of the Diocese of Tennessee, and Secretary 
of the Board of Trustees of The University of the 
South as it was organized before the war. On the 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 65 

same train was Major George R. Fairbanks, of Florida, 
a lay Trustee on said Board. The conversation of 
these three gentlemen was upon the proposed Univer- 
sity. The magnificent domain secured for that insti- 
tution, it was asserted, would revert to its donors un- 
less the proposed University were in operation within 
ten years of the date of the donation, that is, in 1 868. 
Dr. Quintard pledged himself not only to save the do- 
main, but to revive the scheme for the University and 
to establish such an institution of learning as Bishop 
Polk, Bishop Otey, and others had in view when The 
University of the South was organized in 1857. 

The day that he took his seat for the first time in 
the House of Bishops, Dr. Quintard entered into cor- 
respondence with the Rev. John Austin Merrick, 
D.D., a **man of godly and sound learning, " and offer- 
ed to meet him in Winchester, Tennessee, on a speci- 
fied day ; to go with him to Sewanee and see what 
might be done toward carrying out the educational 
enterprise which was intended to mean so much to 
the Southern people, and which meant all the more to 
them in the condition in which the war had left them. 

The way for such a movement had been prepared 
at the special convention of the Diocese of Tennessee 
at which Dr. Quintard had been elected Bishop. Re- 
viving a measure that had evidently been adopted in 
1 86 1, at the last convention over which Bishop Otey 
had presided, (the journal of this convention was lost 
in the printing office to which it was committed for 
publication,) the special convention of 1865 appoint- 



1 66 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

ed a committee to take measures for establishing, 
(with the concurrence of the Executive Committee of 
the Board of Trustees of the University, ) a Diocesan 
Training and Theological School upon the University 
domain. Dr. Quintard, as Bishop-elect, had made 
sure that the war had not impaired the charter, nor 
up to that time, the title to the domain ; even though 
it had swept away the endowment, and though sol- 
diers of both armies, marching over the mountain and 
encamping about the spot, had amused themselves by 
blowing up the comer-stone laid in 1 860, and making 
out of the fragments trinkets for their sweet-hearts. 

In the course of his first series of visitations through- 
out his immense Diocese, in March 1866, Bishop 
Quintard arrived in Winchester, and there met the 
Rev. Dr. Merrick, the Rev. Thomas A. Morris, rector 
of the church in Winchester, and Major George R. 
Fairbanks. Accompanied by these gentlemen he as- 
cended the mountain, visited "University Place," 
(Sewanee, ) and found shelter and a most cordial hos- 
pitality in a log cabin occupied by Mr. William Tom- 
linson. He selected locations for buildings for the 
Diocesan Training School and a site for a chapel. In 
the evening he erected a rustic cross about twelve feet 
in height, upon the latter site, which is the exact spot 
whereon now stands the oratory of St Luke's Hall. 
Gathered around the cross with the Bishop and his 
companions, were members of Mr. Tomlinson's house- 
hold, a few mountaineers and some negro workmen. 
The Nicene Creed was recited and the Bishop knelt 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 6/ 

down and prayed God to give to those who were then 
engaging in a great enterprise, "grace both to per- 
ceive and know what things they ought to do, and 
strength faithfully to fulfill the same/' The woods 
rang with the strains of "Gloria in Excelsis/' It was 
a scene worthy of association with those of the six- 
teenth century, where discoverers and Conquistadores 
preempted new lands by planting a cross and claim- 
ing the territory for their king and for the Church* 
Thus was the domain at Sewanee reclaimed for the 
King of Kings and for the cause of Christian ed- 
ucation. 

The site selected for the University in ante-bellum 
times was ideal for the purpose to which it was con- 
secrated. Sewanee is on a spur of the Cumberland 
Mountains, — a plateau some two thousand feet above 
the level of the sea and about one thousand feet above 
the surrounding valleys. The scenery is of unparal- 
leled grandeur with many points of picturesque beauty, 
— primeval forests, cliffs, ravines and caves, — imme- 
diately at hand. The climate is of such a character as 
to exempt the residents from malarial or pulmonary trou- 
bles. It is especially adapted to the requirements of 
a school whose terms were to be held in the summer 
months and with mid-winter vacations, to suit the 
convenience of a southern population whose home life 
was more or less likely to be broken up in the 
summer. 

The conception of a grand landed domain as an im- 
portant feature in the planning and planting of an in- 



1 68 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

stitution of learning, was at that time quite unusual in 
America. Colleges and universities had previously 
looked to populous centers and environment to build 
them up and sustain them. The University of the 
South deliberately chose to go out into the wilderness 
and create therein its own environment The site had 
been carefully studied by Bishop Hopkins, who was 
an accomplished architect and landscape gardener, 
and who had it mapped, and had a tentative scheme of 
buildings designed for it upon the models of the Eng- 
lish Universities. 

In furtherance of the enterprise. Bishop Quintard 
accepted the tender of a lease, for educational 
purposes, of a school property in Winchester, twelve 
miles from Sewanee, at the foot of the mountains; and 
there established "Sewanee College," with Major 
Fairbanks as President of the Board of Trustees, and 
with Rev. F. L. Knight, D. D., and a competent fac- 
ulty in charge. Although this Collegiate Institute 
was formally opened and remained in operation for a 
time, the Bishop found it too expensive for him to 
maintain; and so, as the University developed, he 
gave up the lease of the Winchester property and con- 
centrated his efforts upon the work at Sewanee. 

He made immediate efforts to collect funds to ad- 
vance the work of building up the Diocesan Training 
School. He recorded with deep gratitude the gift of 
jliooo and of a handsome communion service from 
Mrs. Bamum of Baltimore. The following May, out 
of funds thus early collected, a building was erected 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 69 

and called "Otey Hall.*' That summer the Bishop 
and Major Fairbanks erected residences near Otey 
Hall and removed their families to Sewanee. 

The Episcopal residence at Sewanee was at first a 
log dwelling-house. This was improved and added 
to until it assumed the character of what the Bishop 
was wont to call "the cucumber-vine style of archi- 
tecture," and acquired the name of Fulford Hall, in 
commemoration of the Canadian Metropolitan who 
had participated in the Bishop's consecration. Mem- 
phis had been made the residence of Bishop Otey in 
the latter part of his Episcopate, and as the work at 
Sewanee increased and that place became widely 
known and its importance recognized, the Memphians 
regarded it with some jealousy and sought to secure 
the person of the Bishop by providing a residence for 
him in that city on the western borders of the Diocese. 
The Bishop accordingly adopted Memphis as his win- 
ter residence. But his work at Sewanee was too dear 
to his heart to permit his abandoning his home there, 
— as much as a Bishop could be said to have a home 
anywhere. And so while Memphis became officially 
the ecclesiastical capital of his Diocese, he strove 
earnestly to make Sewanee the scholastic, and, to 
some extent, the ecclesiastical capital of all the South- 
em Dioceses, and in great measure he succeeded. 

It would be impossible to estimate the value of the 
Bishop's thus fixing his residence at Sewanee, not only 
to the work of building up the University, but in its 
influence upon the cause of Christian education. For 



I/O DOCTOR QUINTARD 

The University of the South "has been built up upon 

men, not upon things." The faith, the enthusiasm 

and the personal magnetism of Bishop Quintard drew 

around him at Sewanee a band of high-minded and 

consecrated clergymen and laymen of fine scholarship 

and noble aims. Thus was realized the idea of Bish- 
op Polk, who, when on one occasion he was asked in 

reference to the apparently isolated location of the 
University, "Where will you get your society?" re- 
plied, "We will make it ; and not only so, but we will 
surround our University with such a society as is no- 
where else possible in this land." 

The tone, the temper, the social and religious at- 
mosphere of Sewanee came from Bishop Quintard 
more than from anyone else. For the first twenty 
years of the University's existence at least, it could 
almost be said that Bishop Quintard was Sewanee and 
that Sewanee was Bishop Quintard ; and throughout 
that period Fulford Hall was the visible center of Se- 
wanee life. Into it the Bishop gathered the spolia of 
his travels, rich art treasures, rare and valuable books 
and autographs, and made it a most interesting place 
to visit. When the building was destroyed by fire in 
June, 1889, most of its interior attractions were saved 
from the flames through the energetic efforts of the 
students of the University, and the elegant building 
which replaced it, retains the name of Fulford Hall. 
Therein the Bishop passed the last years of his life. 
It is still the residence of the Vice-Chancellor of the 
University. 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE I /I 

Bishop Elliott of Georgia, the senior Bishop of the 
Southern Dioceses, was likewise deeply interested in 
the University and was ex-officio Chancellor. At the 
suggestion of Bishop Quintard, he called a meeting of 
the Board of Trustees to be held at "University 
Place" in October, 1866. It was attended by the 
Bishops of Georgia, Mississippi, Arkansas and Ten- 
nessdfe, respectively, together with several clerical and 
lay members of the Board who unanimously resolved 
that the work of establishing the University be prose- 
cuted. Bishop Quintard was appointed a Commission- 
er to solicit funds for the erection of plain but substan- 
tial buildings, in order that the University might be- 
gin its work at the earliest possible date. He accord- 
ingly made a trip to New Orleans where he held 
services in all the churches and made an earnest ap- 
peal at every service to the church people of that city 
to carry on the work in which the first Bishop of 
Louisiana had been so deeply interested. 

He was able to report the results of his visit to 
New Orleans, at a meeting of the Board of Trustees 
held at a private residence in Montgomery, Alabama, 
in February, 1867. Bishop Elliott had died in Decem- 
ber, 1866, and Bishop Green, of Mississippi, had suc- 
ceeded him in the Chancellorship of the University. 
Bishop Quintard's report to the Board was of such a 
character that the Board proceeded to the reorganiza- 
tion of the University forthwith. The Bishop offered 
Otey Hall, at Sewanee, which was capable of accom- 
modating a goodly number of students, as part of the 



1/2 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

property of the University, on condition that the 
Board adopt the Diocesan Training School (for which 
the building had been intended,) as the Theological 
Department of the University, and the offer was ac- 
cepted. The actual establishment of the Theological 
Department was delayed, however, for nearly ten 
years and until more favorable opportunities offered. 

The deliberations of the Board upon the question 
of the most feasible plan for beginning work, resulted 
in the recommendation that a Vice-Chancellor be 
elected, and that this officer be charged with the duty 
of soliciting subscriptions and otherwise advancing the 
interests of the University. Bishop Quintard was 
thereupon elected Vice-Chancellor and Major Fair- 
banks was appointed Commissioner of Lands and 
Buildings to act as General Agent and Business Man- 
ager ; to be associated with the Bishop in the work of 
soliciting subscriptions ; to reside at the University 
site; and, under the direction of the Executive Com- 
mittee, to have charge of all business affairs of the 
University. 

No more efficient officers could have been selected, 
and with this action of the Board, the University 
scheme might be said to have been fairly launched. 
Of the trials and antagonisms the Bishop was to meet 
with in his work, there is no need to speak now. It 
was no easy matter to solicit funds for this project at 
that time. Not only had the South been impoverished 
by the war, but the Southern people had not be- 
come fully acquainted with the changed condition of 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1/3 

their affairs, and did not fully appreciate the value of 
a plan to educate their sons and make the best citi- 
zens of them. 

In June, 1867, at the request of the Trustees, the 
Bishop made an attempt to raise funds for the erection 
of additional buildings, confining his efforts to the 
state and Diocese of Georgia. Early in August the 
comer-stone of St Augustine's Chapel was laid by Bish- 
op Green, in the presence of a concourse of clergy and 
laity. The occasion was signalized by a dignity of 
ceremonial befitting the prospective magnitude of the 
undertaking. The function began with a celebration 
of the Holy Communion in the portion of Otey Hall 
then used as a chapel. The Bishops and clergy moved 
in solemn procession to the spot selected. The 
Doctors wore hoods expressive of their degrees. A 
scholastic as well as an ecclesiastical tone was thereby 
given to the function, and from that time forward The 
University of the South conformed in the details of 
its regulations to the models set by the English Uni- 
versities. In 1 87 1, the University, then in full work- 
ing order, adopted the cap and gown for the distinc- 
tive uniform of its advanced students, divided the 
Academic Department into Juniors and Gownsmen, 
and provided rich robes for the Chancellor and Vice- 
Chancellor. In these respects it was quite in advance 
of other institutions of learning in America, though 
its customs have since grown in favor with other and 
older universities. Still it was possible for some one 
who attended the commencement in 1891, to write: — 



174 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

"Probably nowhere else in America is there any such 
formal and stately collegiate ceremony as at Sewanee." 

In 1867, the Bishop being in England, he consent- 
ed at the earnest solicitation of his friends, to spend 
the winter there, and to do what he could to promote 
the cause of the University. The influential friends 
he made in England took up with enthusiasm a move- 
ment which resulted in such liberal offerings that the 
University was enabled to start afresh with most en- 
couraging prospects of final and complete success. 

The Rev. Frederick W. Tremlett, of St Peter's 
Church, Belsize Park, London, inaugurated the move- 
ment and a committee was appointed which issued a 
circular inviting subscriptions. The committee con- 
sisted of the Archbishop of York, the Earl of Carnar- 
von, Viscount Cranbourne, (afterwards Lord Salisbury,) 
the Lord Bishop of Oxford, Earl Nelson, Lord John 
Manners, the Rt Hon. W. E. Gladstone and others. 
The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Camp- 
bell Tait, in a letter, expressed his deepest interest in 
the project and subscribed twenty-five pounds toward 
it The Archbishop of York, and Bishops of the An- 
glican Communion from all part of Her Majesty's 
realms, expressed a like sympathy. Among the sub- 
scribers were names of great distinction both in state 
and church. Considerably more than ten thousand 
dollars was thereby raised, and with this sum the Bish- 
op returned to America. Much needed buildings 
were erected in Sewanee, and on the 1 8th of Septem- 
ber, 1868, as Vice-Chancellor, the Bishop formally 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 175 

opened the Junior Department of The University of 
the South. Thus after twelve years of labor and anx- 
iety, of disappointment and sorrow, — after the death 
of Bishops Polk, Otey, Elliott, Rutledge and Cobbs, 
— all of them actively interested in the project for 
building a Church University of the first class in the 
South that would in some degree do for our country 
what the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge have 
so well done for England and the civilized world, 
— The University of the South began its work for God 
and our land. That day has since been annually ob- 
served at Sewanee as "Foundation Day." 

Among the men who were early attracted to the 
work at Sewanee, were Brigadier-General Josiah Gor- 
gas, (who had been head of the Confederate Ordnance 
Department, and became at first head-master of the 
Junior Academic Department of the University, and 
was afterward made Vice-Chancellor ;) Brigadier-Gen- 
eral F. A. Shoup, (who was now the Rev. Professor 
Shoup, acting-chaplain and Professor of Mathematics ;) 
General E. Kirby-Smith ; and Colonel F. T. Sevier, 
the Bishop's old friend of the First Tennessee Regi- 
ment, who became Commandant of Cadets and head- 
master of the Grammar School. For it was but nat- 
ural that the military feature of the school should 
commend itself to men who had just passed through 
war and had seen the benefit of military discipline 
upon life and character. These men felt that a high- 
er duty awaited them at the close of the war, than 
trying to make money, — that the training of the 



176 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

youths of the land as Christian citizens was of pata- 
mount importance, — and they gave themselves up to 
that educational work. 

The splendid sacrifice of these and others set high 
the standard of the University and invested it with a 
poetic beauty and a sacredness that dwells there still. 
"Nowhere in the South/* said Charles Dudley War- 
ner, in 1889, "and I might say, nowhere in the Re- 
public, have I found anything so hopeful as The Uni- 
versity of the South.'* "Of the wisdom of founding 
this University," said a visitor who spent the summer 
of 1878 at Sewanee, "no one would question after a 
single visit here. Its highest development is yet to 
be obtained. Its present standard is equal to the 
best, but its aims are to reach the highest and best 
culture obtainable. It is slowly and surely reaching 
forward and satisfactorily filling the measure of its al- 
lotted work. . . It is difficult to explain to one 
who has had no opportunity for a personal obser- 
vation, how many excellent formative influences are 
here combined. . . Everything here promotes a 
feeling of reverence and respect for sacred things. 
The presence and influence of men of high standard 
in Church and state, whose example is potent for 
good. . . The book of nature is always open here 
to the investigations of the geologist, the botanist, 
and the student of natural history. . . The physic- 
al education goes on with that of the intellect ; an in- 
vigorating atmosphere strengthens the capacity. . 
The various gymnastic and military exercises give a 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 177 

clear complexion, an elastic step and a noble carriage ; 
and then mind and body, acting in healthy unison, 
fill out the measure of a well rounded man." 

Bishop Quintard's ideals regarding the University 
to the upbuilding of which he was giving the most 
valuable years of his life, were shadowed forth in his 
words to the Convention of his Diocese in 1874, in 
referring to the meeting of the Board of Trustees 
which he had attended the previous year. "It is the 
aim and purpose of any true system of education to 
draw out, to strengthen and to exhibit in active work- 
ing, certain powers which exist in man, — planted, in- 
deed, by God, but latent in man until they shall have 
been so drawn out Education is not the filling of a 
mind with so much knowledge, though, of course, it 
includes the imparting of knowledge. As education 
is the drawing out of the dormant powers of the whole 
man, it must in its highest sense be commensurate with 
the whole man. The body must be trained by health- 
ful exercise, the mind or thinking power, must be 
drawn out and strengthened, and finally a heart must 
be sanctified and a will subdued. It is the aim and 
object of The University of the South to give to its 
students every advantage, — physical, mental and mor- 
al ; to develop a harmonious and symmetrical charac- 
ter ; to fit and prepare men for every vocation in the 
life that now is, where we are strangers and sojourn- 
ers ; and to teach all those things which a Christian 
ought to know and believe to his souFs health. The 

N 



178 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

momentous and concerning truth that intellectual 
power unrestrained and unregulated by sound moral 
and religious principle tends only to mischief and mis- 
ery in our race, has been in the educational systems 
of the age, almost overlooked." 

The heroic struggle the University was making, be- 
gan to attract admiring attention. Gifts began to flow 
into it, — small as compared with those that have been 
given to the cause of education in these later days, 
but large when the impoverished condition of the 
South from which many of them came, is taken into 
consideration. And not only was the continued ex- 
istence of the University guaranteed, but its ultimate 
success was assured. 

The responsibility and work devolving upon the 
Vice-Chancellor of a University, even in its nascent 
stages, were too great a burden when added to the 
cares of a large and exacting Diocese, and Bishop 
Quintard resigned the office of Vice-Chancellor in 
1 868 in order that some one else might be elected to 
fill that position. An effort to secure the valuable 
services of General Robert E. Lee, for the University, 
resulted in the following letter : — 

Washington College, Lexington, Va., 23 Sept., 1868. 

Rt. Rev'd. and Dear Sir — Absence from Lexington has 
prevented me until to-day from replying to your kind interest- 
ing letter of the 20th of August last 1 have followed with deep 
interest the progress of The University of the South from its 
origin, and my wishes for its success have been as earnest as my 
veneration for its founders and respect for its object have been 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 79 

sincere. Its prosperity will always be to me a source of pleas- 
ure, and I trust that in the Providence of God its career may be 
one of eminent benefit to our country. That it has survived the 
adverse circumstances with which it has been surrounded and 
has surmounted the difficulties with which it has had to contend, 
is cause of great rejoicing to me, and I am glad to learn that it 
has so fair a prospect of advancement and usefulness. 

I need not, then, assure you that I feel highly honored that 
its Board of Trustees has Uiought of me for the office of Vice- 
Chancellor, and I beg that you will present to them my fervent 
thanks for their favorable consideration. They have, however, 
been misinformed as to my feelings concerning my present po- 
sition, and even were they as represented, I could not now resign 
it with propriety unless I saw it would be for the benefit of the 
college. I must therefore respectfully decline your proposition, 
and ask you to accept my grateful thanks for the frank and 
courteous manner in which it has been tendered, as well as for 
the considerate measures you proposed to promote my conven- 
ience and comfort. 

I am, with great respect and highest regard, your friend and 
obt servt, R. £. Lee. 

Rt Rev'd. Wm. M. Green, D.D., Chancellor of University of 
the South. 

Commodore Matthew Fontaine Maury was then 
elected by the Board, and when Commodore Maury 
declined, the Bishop withdrew his resignation and 
continued his work. In various parts of the South, 
in the North and in England, he represented the 
needs of the University. 

A trip made to New Orleans and Galveston in 1870 
was in some respects characteristic of the Bishop's ap- 
peals and of the breadth of scope of the University as 
presented by him. In Galveston, the first person who 



l80 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

responded to his appeal was a Hebrew ; one of the 
most active helpers was a Presbyterian, and these two 
with a Churchman composed a committee to work for 
The University of the South. 

In 1 87 1 the Academic Department was formally 
organized by the election of five professors. In 1872, 
the Bishop again resigned the Vice-Chancellorship 
and General Gorgas was elected to succeed him. 
General Gorgas was in time succeeded by the Rev. 
Dr. Telfair Hodgson, and he in turn by the Rev. Dr. 
Thomas F. Gailor. In 1893 the last named was suc- 
ceeded by Bishop Quintard's son-in-law, Dr. B. Law- 
ton Wiggins, an alumnus of The University of the 
South, and the preserver of what his father-in-law 
had founded. 

But the Bishop's interest in the University was not 
relaxed. Wherever he went he represented the needs 
of the University as well as those of his Diocese. In 
1876, he attended a **matinee" at the London resi- 
dence of Lord Shrewsbury. Cards of invitation had 
been issued by the Earl and Countess of Shrewsbury 
and about three hundred guests assembled. The 
Lord Bishop of Winchester presided at this meeting, 
which was organized in the interests of The University 
of the South — not so much to collect money for the 
University as to make known in England the work 
the University was doing. The Church in Scotland 
was represented by the Primus and by the Bishop of 
Edinburgh ; the Irish Church by the Bishop of Derry 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE l8l 

and Raphoe and by the Bishop of Moray and Ross. 
A large number of prominent clergymen were pres- 
ent Addresses were made by the Bishops, by Lord 
Shrewsbury, A. J. Beresford-Hope, M.P., and others. 

In 1887 Bishop Green died and was succeeded in 
the Chancellorship by Bishop Gre^ of Texas. When 
the latter died in 1893, his logical successor was Bish- 
op Quintard, who, however, felt unfitted for the office 
by reason of his infirmity of deafness which had come 
to him in his later years. He accordingly stood aside 
and favored the election of the Rt Rev. Dr. Dudley, 
Bishop of Kentucky. 

Bishop Quintard had seen buildings of permanent 
character grow up upon the University domain, — 
built of Sewanee sand-stone, unsurpassed either in 
quality or appearance as a building material. He 
had seen the Theological Department opened in 
1878, the Medical Department opened in 1892, and 
the Law Department in 1 893. He had acted as con- 
secrator at the elevation of an alumnus of the Univer- 
sity to the Episcopate of Louisiana.* He had con- 
secrated as his own coadjutor one whose life had been 
closely connected with Sewanee and the University. 
He had ordained to the priesthood many alumni. 
He had seen degrees conferred upon many men who 
were to go out into the world and carry the influence 
of the noble work the Bishop himself had done so 



*Five other alumni have been elevated to the Episcopate 
since the Bishop's death. 



1 82 DOCTOR QUINTARD 

much toward establishing. And in many ways he 
had seen in the Church University, whose broad foun- 
dations had been wisely laid by godly men who in- 
augurated the enterprise, a visible advance made 
toward the ideals set for it by its founders and re- 
founder. 

The last Convention at which the Bishop presided, 
was held in Sewanee in 1 897. The Bishop, shortly 
afterward, went to England to be present at the Lam- 
beth Conference held that year. He returned to Se- 
wanee somewhat refreshed in body and resumed the 
work of his Diocese. But further rest became neces- 
sary and he went to Darien, Georgia, in search there- 
of There the end came on the 1 5 th of February, 
1898. His body was brought back to Sewanee, lay 
for a time in the Otey Memorial Church, watched by 
the clergy and the Sisters of St Mary, and was thence 
taken to St Augustine's Chapel, where the service 
was said over it by the Bishops in attendance. The 
University was not in session at the time, but the 
University town was filled with sorrowing friends, rep- 
resenting the Army of the late Confederate States, 
the clergy and laity of the Diocese, the House of 
Bishops, and the alumni of the University. The Co- 
adjutor Bishop of Tennessee, now Bishop Quintard's 
successor, committed his body to the ground in the 
Sewanee cemetery. 

A movement was begun soon after the Bishop's 
death to endow a professorship in the Theological 



PERSONAL NARRATIVE 1 83 

Department of the University as a memorial of him. 
Very fittingly, the new Grammar School Dormitory, 
erected on the University domain in 1901, was named 
the "Quintard Memorial." But the greatest monu- 
ment and the most lasting one, to the second Bishop 
of Tennessee, is and will be the University which he 
re-founded and did much to build up. 

THE END 



APPENDIX 

The following is a copy of the petition, with signa- 
tures attached, of the Rock City Guard, which in- 
duced Dr. Quintard to suspend his parochial work in 
Nashville, and enter the military service of the Con- 
federacy. 

We the undersigned members of the *^ Batallion of Rock 
City Guard " do hereby respectfully invite the Rev. C. T. Quin- 
tard to accompany us throughout the campaign as our friend 
and spiritual adviser, and we hereby pledge ourselves to sustain 
him and attend regularly whatever service he may institute, be- 
ing willing to be guided by him. 

F. J. Reamer, C. H. Stockell, John Gee Haily, W. Wills, E. 

C. Leonhard, John B. Johnson, Robt. Gordon, B. M. Franklin, 
Nat Hampton, jr., Jno. M. Pearl, Robert Swan, John W. Mc- 
Whirter, John W. Branch, D. W. Sunmer, M. N. Brown, Jo- 
seph Freeman, J. C. March, R. J. Howse, Jas. McManus, R. S. 
Bugg, £. W. Fariss, Douglas Lee, Sam Robinson, F. I. 
Loiseau, V. L. Benton, Wm. T. Hefferman, James P. Shockly, 
Wm. Morrow, Berry Morgan, Rowe Foote, R. R. Hightower, 
H. B. Finn, Joseph A. Carney, D. J. Roberts, J. H. Hough, A. 
W. Harris, I. M. Cockrill, R. A. Withers, R. W. GiUespie, J. 
H. Bankston, Harry Ross, R. Darrington, T. J. Gattright, John 
K. Sloan, B. J. McCarty, L. H. McLemore, A. J. Phillips, W. 
A. Mayo, R. H. Fiscr, James T. Gunn, Wm. A. Ellis, T. H. 
Atkeison, R. B. Rozell, R. Cheatham, W. N. Johns, J. P. Shane, 
J. L. Cooke, Geo. A. Diggons, T. O. Harris, Victor Vallette, 

D. G. Carter, J. W. Thomas, J. Clarke, F. M. Geary, W. B. 
Ross, Wm. Baxter, J. T. Henderson, John W. Barnes, James 
P. Kirkman, H. N. Stothart, D. K. Sanford, R. W. Burke, 
James Carrigan, T. H. Griffin, W. P. Prichard, J. H. Allen, P. 
Bartola, G. T. Hampton, F. H. Morgan, Wm. R. Elliston, jr., 
Wm. H. Everett, T. B. Lanier, L L. Smith, T. C. Lucas, W. 
P. Wadlington, Jas. W. Nichol, Wm. B. Maney, John A. Mur- 
kin, jr., J. Walker Coleman, Jo H. Sewell, G. E. Valctte, Geo. 
M. Mace, Mason Vannoy. 



INDEX 



Aberdeen, Miss., 124 
Adams, Gen. John, 11 2-1 14 
Adams, Maj. Nathan, 114, 

123 
Aiken, Gov. of S. C, 127 
Anderson, Dr. H. M., 103 
Anderson, Gen. S. R., 17, 19 

20, 39 , . 
Anderson, Lieut., 117 
Annandale, Miss., 50, 51 
Appomattox Court House, 

M3 
Armstrong, Frank, 107 

Ashby, Capt. Turner, 38 

Ashwood, Tenn., 107, 115 

Athens, Ga., 5 

Atkinson, Bisnop, 14 

Atlanta, 72, 95-102, 115, 142 

Augusta, Ga., 80, 99 
Back Creek, Va., 16 
Bainbridge, Ga., 123 
Baird, Mr., 34 
Bakewell, Rev. Mr., 125 
Ballentine, Capt, 123 
Ballentine, Mrs., 123 
Bardstown, Ky., 56 
Bamum, Mrs., 161 
Barrow, Gen. Washington, 

12, 136 
Baskerville, Col., 127 
Bate, Gen., 107 
Bath, j7 

Bath Alum Springs, 34 
Battle, Col., 104, 105 

"Beaufort," 47 
Beaumont, Mai. £. B., 145 

Beauregard, Gen. G. P.T., 

104, 108 
Beckwith, Bishop John W., 

98, 105, 129 
Beresford-Hope, Hon. A. J., 

181 
Bethune, Gen., 102 



Big Sewell Mountain, 32, 33, 

36 
Blackwell, Capt, 1 14 
" Blind Tom," 102 
Bolivar, Tenn., iii 
Bombay, Bishop of, 161 
Bradford, Capt, 106, 107 
Brady's Gate, 26 
Bragg, Gen. Braxton, 55, 56, 

64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 72, 77-80, 

87, 88, 92, 95 
Brentwood, 120 
Bristol, 13 
Brown, Gen. John C, 93, 107, 

112, 115, 133-135 
Brown, J. Knoaes, 65, 102, 

„ 103. 135 ^ 
Buchanan, Capt, 46, 47 

Buckner, Gen., 55 

Buell, Gen., 56 

Buist, Dr. J. K., 12, 27, 54, 64, 

66, 117 

Bullock, Capt., 37 

Burke, Boykin & Co., 93 

Butler, Capt Jack, 27, 05 

Butt, Lieut Walter, 43 

Cambridge University, 175 

Canterbury, Archishop of. 

Capon Mountam, 37, 38 
Games, Capt W. W., 57, 58 
Games Hospital, 103 
Carter, Gen. John C, 112, 

115-119 
Chalmers, Gen., 55i 107 
Chaplain's Creek, 60 
Charleston, S. C, 14, ip6 
Chattanooga, 54, 55, 64, 67, 

69, 88, 92, 95, 145, 146 
Cheatham, Gen. B. F., 59, 70, 

106, 107, 109, 122 
Cheat Mountain, 19, 23, 28, 

30 
Cheat Pass, 19, 23 



11 



INDEX 



Chickamauea^ S7--94, i lo 
Childress, Miss Bettie, 133, 

134 
Clare, Maj. William, 120 

Clark, Rev. Mr., 80-82 

Clavton, Gen., 124 

QeSume, Gen. Pat, 59, 93, 

112, 113, 116 

Clouston, William, 117 

Cobb, Gen. Howell, 44, 136, 

1381 144 
Cobbs, Bishop, 175 
Cockrul, Gen., 112, 117, 118 
Cockrill^ Sterling, 106 
Columbia, S. C, 135 
Columbia, Tenn., 23, 72, 108 

115-123, 164 
Columbia Institute, 116 
Columbus, Ga., 65, 102, 104, 

131-145 
Columbus, Miss., 106, 125-128 

" Congress," 45-48 

Cooper, Hon. Edmund, 80, 

81 
Corinth, Miss., 107 
Cowan, Tenn^87 
Cross, Rev. Dr. Joseph, 59, 

60 
Crouch's, 19, 26 
" Cumberlano," 45, 46 
Cumberland Gap, 64 
Cumbrae, 161 
Dalton. Ga., 96 
Danville, Ky., 56 
Darien, Ga., 182 
Davis, Jefferson, 42, 58, 92, 

95. »32» i33i i37i i43 
Dawson, CoL, 135 

DeBow, James D.B., 127 



Demopolis, Ala., 98, 10 j, 129 
Derry and Raphoe, Bishop 

of, 180 
Donelson, Gen., 17, 19, 24 
Duck River. 108, 121, 123 
Dudley, Bishop, 181 
Duffie, Hon. George, 14 
Dunlap, Gen., 104, 105, 118 
Dunnington, Frank, 130 
Duval, Maj., 17 



Edinburgh, Bishop of, 180 
Edgefield, Tenn., 6 
Edrai, ^i 
Edwarcl VII, 162 
Eegleston, Lieut. J. R., 46 
Elk River, 124 
Elliott, Bishop, 73-80, 91, 96 
-99, 101-105, III, 128, 171, 

Ely, Hon. Alfred, 15 
Elzy. Gen., 127 
EweU, Col., 99 
Fairbanks, Maj. George R., 

165, 166, 169, 172 
" Felix Old Boy,'^ 16 
Field, Capt., 23 
Finley, Gen., 138 
Fitzhugh, Col., 51 
Floumov, Capt. William, 116 
Floyd, Gen. J. B., 32 
Foard, Dr., 120 
Forney, Gen., 50 
Forrest^ Gen., 119, 122, 123 
Fort Donelson, 40 
Foster, Capt., 32 
Foster, Dr., 128 
Foundation Day, 175 
Franklin, Tenn., 28, iii, 112 

-124 
Freemantle, Lt-Col., 76, 77 
Freese, Lieut H. H., 139, 140 
Frierson, Capt., 128 
Fulford, Bishop, 150 
Fulford Hall, 169, 170 
Fulton, Col., 17 
Gailor, Bishop, 180-182 
Gale, Col. W. D., 54 
Galveston, 179 
Gatewoods, 17 
Gibson, Capt. Thomas, 113, 

114 
Gibson, Gen., 117 
Gist, Gen^ 112, 115 
Gordon, Gen. George, 112, 

115 
Gordonsville, 42 
Gorgas, Gen. Josiah, 175, 180 
Gosling, William. 69, tj 
Gracie, Gen. Arcnibald, 89 



INDEX 



111 



Cranberry, Gen., 112, 115 
Grant, Gen., 95, 1^2 
Gray Sulphur Spnngs, 52 
Green, Bishop, 99, 106, i2j- 

128, 138, 171, 173, 179, 181 
Green, Lieut., 138 
Green, Maj. John, 109 
Green, Surgeon, 73 
Greenbrier Bridge, 34 
Green River, 55 
Greensboro, AJa., 129 
Gregg, Bishop, 181 
Griffin, Ga., 133, 134 
Hadley, Miss Mary, 120 
Hages, Miss, 121 
Hamilton Place, 107, 116, 121 
Hampton, Maj. Henry, 96 
Hampton, Mrs. Wade, 14 
Hampton Roads, 49 
Hancock, Md., 39 
Hanson, Gen., 67 
Hardee, Gen., 76, 77, 96, 97 
Harlow, Rev. W. D., 146 
Harris, Gov., 11, 55, 83, 87, 

107, III, 118, 120, 122, 123 
Harris, Rev. George C, 12 
Harrodsburg, 56, 61 
Harvie, Col., 121 
Hatton, Col., 25 
Hawks, Rev. Mr., 102, 132, 

133 
Hawks, Miss Sallie C, 132 

Helm, Gen., 89 

Henry, Capt. Tom, n6, 120 

Hickey, Capt. John M., 117 

Hill, Hon. Ben, 143, 144 

Hillsboro, Va., 34 

Hodge, Capt., 141 

Hodgson, Rev. Dr. Telfair, 

180 
Hood, Gen., 90, 96-100, 10^ 

107, 108, III, 118, 121-120, 

132 
Hopkins, Bishop, 150 
Hot Springs, Va., 32-34 
House, Bryant, 66 
House, Lieut. John, 28 
Hoxton, Maj., 73, 109, 128 
Hudson, Capt., 127 
Huger, Gen., 44 



Huger, Willie, 67, 69 
Hunter, Mr., 131 
Huntersville, Va., 16, 17, 34, 

35 
Huttonville, 19 
Hurt, Col., 129 
Iodine Si)rings, 52 
Jack, Maj., 85, 86 
Jackson, Miss., ^o 

{ackson. Gen. H. R., 19, 24 
ackson. Gen. T. J., (^ Stone- 
wall) I, 36-40, 59 
Johnson, Gen. Bushrod, 59 
Johnson, Gov., (President) 

81, 136 
Johnston, Gen. Albert Sid- 

ney, 41, 53 
Johnston, Capt., 85 
Johnston, Gen. Joseph E., 40, 
41, 69, 70, 95-97, 102, 126, 

134 
Johnstone, Mrs., 50 

Jones, Capt. Ap Catesby, 

48, 130 
Jones, Capt., 107 

(ones, Lt.-Col., 118, 119 
ones, Hon. Thomas, 123 
ones, Mrs. Thomas, 124 
^eble College, Oxford, 161 
Kelly, Capt., 120, 129 
King, Capt. Thomas Edward, 

12, 89, 90 
Kingston, Ga., 145, 1^6 
Kirby-Smith, Gen., 56, 62-64, 

175 
Knight, Rev. Dr. F. L., 168 

Knoxville, Tenn., 5, 13, 41, 

152 
Lamb^s Ferry, 123 
Lambeth Conference, 182 
Lambeth Palace, 163 
Latan^j Rev. James A., 16, 33 
Lay, Bishop, 99, 100 
Lay, Capt J. F., 50 
Lee and Gordon's Mills, 88 
Lee* Fitzhught 29 
Lee, Gen. Robert E., i, 18, 

i9» 29-331 108, 109, 143, 178, 

179 
Leicester, Bishop of, 103 



IV 



INDEX 



Letcher, Gov. John, 40 
LeVert, Madame, 50 
Lewisbura:, 35 
Liddell, Gen., 77, 93 
Lincobi, President, 10, ix, 

131. 136, 137, H3 
London, 160 

Long, Capt, 116 

Longstreet, 88, 8^ 

Lookout Mountain, 92 

Looney, Maj., 12, 23, 27, 31, 

32 
Loring, Gen. W. W., 18, 19, 

29. 34-44» 49-54 
Louisville, 56 

Loyall, Benj., 43 

Lynchbure, Va., 13 

Lyttle, Col., 81 

Macon, Ga., 93»99» io7» 138, 

139, 142, 145 
Macon, Miss., 106 

Mallory, Hon. Mr., 143, I44 

Manassas, 41, 42, 90 

Manchester, Duke of, 162 

Maney, Gen. George, 11, 18, 

20, 57, W, 74» 128 
Manigault, Gen., 74, 112, 116, 

121 
Manners, Lord John, 174 
Marietta, Ga., 91, 97 
Markham, Rev. Mr., 107 
Marks, Col., 67 
Marsh, Lieut. John, 91, 92, 

III, 116, 122 
Martin, Gen., 81 
Mary Adelaide, 160 
Mason, Maj., 98 
Maury, Com. M. F., 179 
Mayrant, Capt., 107 
McCook, Gen., 56, 88, 141 
McGavock, Col. John, 113 
McGuire, Mrs. Judith W., 43 
Mc Kinney, Adjt., 116 
Memphis, Tenn., 5,6, 58, 127, 

152, 160 
Meredith, Rev. Mr., 36 
Meridian, Miss., 105, 128, 129 
Merrick, Rev. Dr. John A., 

165, 166 
Merrill, Dr. Ayres P., 5 



Merrill, Lieut, 23 
** Merrimac," 44-48 
Mines, John Flavel, 15 
** Minnesota," ±S 
Missionary Rioge, 92 
Mitchell, Rev. Mr., 131 
Mobile, 50, 116 
" Monitor," 45-40 
Montgomery, Ala., 50, 104, 

_i3i. 132. 137, 171 

Moray and Ross, Bishop of, 

181 
Morerod, Capt. Ralph, 133 
Morgan, Rev. Dr., 147 
Moore, Maj. William E., 120, 

121 
Morris, Rev. Thomas A., 166 
Mott, Dr. Valentine, 5 
Mount Pleasant, Tenn., 107 
Mumfordville, Ky., 5$ 
Murfreesboro, Tenn., 23, 58, 

64-69, no 
Myer, Col., 51 
Mylne, Bishop, 161 
Narrows, 51 
Nashville, Tenn,, 6, 8, 10, 11, 

26, 33» 56, 63, 67, 68, 80, 108, 

109, III, 120-122, 136, 145, 

146-148, 132, 164 
" Nellie Peters* Pocket 

Handkerchief," loi 
Nelson, Earl, 174 
New Orleans, La., 171, 179 
Newport News, 45 
New River, Va., 51 
New York, 5, 14;^ 
Nichol, Dr. William, 12 
Noble. Samuel, 140-142 
Norfolk, Va., 42-50 
Okalona. Miss., 106 
" Old Blizzard," 53 
Order of Southern Cross, 92, 

94 
Otey, Bishop, 50, 126, 148,154, 

165, 160, 175 
Otey Hall, 169, 171 
Overton, John, 118, 120 
Oxford, 160, 175 
Oxford, Bishop of, 174 
Parkersburg Pike, 22, 23 



INDEX 



V 



Tarkhurstj Gen., 146, 147 
Parsons, Col. C. C, S7, 58 
Patterson, Lt.-Col., 01 
Pendleton, Rev. William Nel- 
son, 1, 14 
Perryville, 50-63, 64, 66, 1 10 
Peterborough, Bishop of, 163 
Peterkin, Rev. Mr., 14, 15 
Peters, Mai. Thomas, 105 
Peters, Richard, 143, 145 
Peter's Mountain, 51 
Philadelphia, 145, 148, 149 
Phillips, Dr., 107 
Phillips, Mr., 131 
Pierce, Bishop, 50 
Pikeville, Tenn., 54 
Pilcher, Capt Matt., 116, 118 
Pinckney, Rev. Dr., 16 
Pise, Rev. Dr., 108, 1 16, 119, 

121, 148, 164 
Polk, Bishop and Gen., i, 54, 
57, 61, 62, 65, 67, 6^73, 76, 
n^ 83, 87, 92,93,96-98, 101, 
105, 128,164. 165,170,175 
Polk, Dr. WiUiam M., 71 
Polk, Gen. Lucius, 76, 101,108, 

116, 121 
Polk Hospital^ 103 
Polk. Mrs. William, 116 
Porcner, Capt., ^7 
Porter, Capt. Alexander, 129 
Porter, Col., 73, 74 
Porter, Gov. James D., iii 
Porter, Rev. A. Toomer, 14 
Port Hope, Canada, 158 
Portsmouth, Va., 45 
Prince of Wales, 162 
Prince, Maj., 116, 121 
Pulaski, Tenn., 23, 114, 122, 

135 
Quarles, Gen., 106, 112,116- 

118 

Quintard Hospital, 65 

guintard, Isaac, 4 
uintard Memorial, 183 
Rains, Gen. James £., 61 
Ramsev, John C, 125 
Randolph, Tenn., 5 
Ray, Col., 104, 105, 120 
Rennick, Dr., 34 



Rennick, Mr., 34 
Reynolds, Gen., 99 
Rice, Col.. 120, 1 2 J, 129 
Richmond, Col. W. B., 54, 89 
Richmond, Va., 13, 14, 35, 41, 

67, 9S» 102 136, 137 
Roberts, Albert, 105 
Robertson, Gen. Felix H., 135 
Rock City Guard, 6, 10-12, 19, 

26,61, 120 
Roddy, Gen., 124 
Rome, Ga., 33, 51, 65, 72 
Romney, 38-41 
Rosecrans, Gen., 2%^ 32, 36, 

65, 67, 74j 81, 82, 87, 92 
Ruggles, Gen., 99 
Rust, Gen.. 19 
Rutherfora Hill, 122 
Rutledge, Bishop, 175 
Salt Sulphur Springs, 51, 52 
Sass, Tacob K., 97, 135 
Saunders, Maj., no 
Saunders, Surgeon D. D., 91 
Schwrar, Rev. John M., 125- 

127 
Scott, Dr., 104 
Scott, Gen., 1x2 
Selma, Ala., 103, 105, 130, 136, 

140 
Sevier, Col. F. T., 12, 23, 27, 

17s 
Sewanee, 62, 63, 87, 10 1, 154- 

158, 164-183 
Seward, W. H., 131 
Shelbyville, Tenn., 67-87 
Sherman, Gen. W. T., 70, 107, 

108 
Shoup, Gen. F. A., loi, 175 
Shrewsbury, Earl and Coun- 
tess of, 180 
Shute, Capt, 106 
Smith, Capt John S., 132 
Smith, Gen. A. J., 132 
Smith, Gen. G. W., 98 
Smith, Gen. Preston, 89, 90 
Smith. Lieut, 73 
Snowden, R. B., 12 
Sparta, Tenn., 54 
Spence, Capt^ 81, 85 
Spotswood, Lieut, 45 




ZKM