DOCUMENTS AND BIOGRAPHY
PERTAINING TO
THE SETTLEMENT AND PROGRESS
OF
StarkCounty, Illinois,
t'ONTAINING
AN AUTHENTIC SUMMARY OF RECORDS, DOCUMENTS,
HISTORICAL WORKS, AND NEWSPAPERS.
RELATING TO
Indian History, Orkjinai. Settlement, Organization and Politics, Courts and
Bar, Citizen Soldiers, Military Societies, Marriages, Ciuirches,
Schools, Secret, Bknevoi.ent and Litehahy Societies, Etc.
together with
BIOGRAPHY OF REPRESENTATIVE MEN
PAST AND PRESENT.
WRITTEN FROM RECORDS AND PERSONAL REMINISCENCES,
BY
m'."'1':Yeeson.
ILLUSTRATKD
CHICAGO:
M. A. LEESOX & 00.
MDCCCLXXXVII.
DONOHUE & HE^NEBEKKY, Printers and Binders, Chicago.
■::i;i a
PREFACE.
m^
I STORY is the pith or substance of collected biographies or of
the lives of men and women of a State. It is the drama of set-
tlement and progress — a link of golden truths whicli binds us to
the past. History is also the monument, built during our own
a lives, to be our instructor, and beyond this present time it looks
into the future as a warning teacher. Local history is not only
history as defined, but also history and l)iography — grasping
the most minute details connected with the persons and events
identified with the progress of a county, township or village.
The past and pi-esent — the whole fabric of society — the home,
school, church, literary and benevolent societies, governmental
and military organizations, agriculture, commerce, manufactures
and all these institutions which draw men's interests together,
should be traced to their humble beginnings, and every name
and date placed in such form as to be a treasure for all time;
for Old Father Time will one day call up such records. Local
history, while embracing all such details of men alid women and
events, should not revel in records of vice and decay. Its teach-
ings should be pure, and, to have them so, he who would lead
the jDeojile of the present time to a higher nobility of character and purpose
must ]iot give the story of decay and vice, and shame and crime in detail.
Tiie introduction to this work is peculiar in its practical character. It
is not here to enlarge the volume or to comply with any known literary style;
but to place honestly before the people a concise instruction in the whole
history of the LTuited States aiul of Illinois, while leading down to the
period when the little commonwealth of Stark came into existence.
The general histoiy of the county is embrace'd in the first fifteen chap-
ters, each one exhausting its subject, without detracting from the details
of township, village and family history, contained in the eight great chap-
ters which follow. The plan of township history is sim})]ified by making
the personal sketches and reminiscences of the people of each division of
the county, a part of the division chapter, arranging them ali)habetically.
This plan, however, will not place .before the reader at once all the family
history of a township ; because, owing to change of location, a pioneer of
one division, may be an old settler of a second, and a modern resident of a
third townshijD. To provide a ready reference in this case, a list of the
families treated in this volume is given and the contents table made very
complete.
The material for the entire history of the county and of each township,
village and hamlet, was collected, written and edited by M. A. Leeson. All
this is based on official records, private documents, newspaper accounts,
and. wdiere quoted and credited, on the published historical works and
reminiscences of local writers who acted justly by the past of their county.
Ill
I I
■i^'jii^i^
IV PREFACE.
lu this work the cemeteries Avere not forgotten, so tliat the monuments
speak in this vohime of names and dates which might otherwise pass un-
noticed.
The biographical collection is the work of many men. Their notes
were, in the greater nnmber of instances, re- written by the general historian
and mailed for correction or revision. In a few cases the gentlemen
engaged in this department proved their notes at the time of writing and
thus obviated the necessity of total revision.
While absolute perfection (if thei-e is such a human attribute) is not at
all claimed for this volume, we feel that the writer has given the people a
plain, substantial, matter-of-fact work — the most thorough of its class ever
offered. AVe believe that his desire to exceed all pi'omises has been satisfied,
and in sending the work on its mission of usefulness we do so with that
pleasure which always accompanies a dut}' faithfully performed.
To the county officers of 188(3 and their deputies, to whom the general
historian is indebted for uniform courtesy and material aid in research, we
offer expressions of gratitude ; to the gentlemen of the press, our deep
thanks for the unanimit}" of their endorsement: to the clerks or secretaries
of the various educational, literary, religious, secret, benevolent, military
and municipal bodies, our sincere acknowledgements, and to all the people
— to whose cordial and intelligent cooperation the success of this work is
due — we send a message of hope and belief that the history of their county
will prove authentic and be accej^table.
M. A. LEESON & CO.
February, 1Ss7.
CONTENTS.
Page.
Title i
Pheface iii
Table of Contents v
Map of Stark County xv
INTRODUCTION.
PAKT I.
Ducovery and Diseorerers:
Aborininal Inhabitants 17-18
Wars of the United States 19
lieginients in the Revohition 19
AVarof 1812 19
]\Iexican War 19-20
War of tlie Rebellion 20
Chronology of the United States 20
PART II.
Derivation of Name — Illinois 32
Illinois Confederacy . 32
Chronology, 1655-1750 32-33
1765-1814 34
1816-1832 35
1833-1871 36-37
Conclusion 37
Pere Marquette's Map of the
Mississippi
Documents op Stark County
CHAPTER I.
Topof/rnphy (tnd Natural History:
Physical Characteristics 43
Rivers and Streams 44
Origin of Cooper's Defeat 608
Economic Geology 45
Coal Measures 46
Arclneology 48
Storm, Flood and Drought 50
CHAPTER II.
lndian.i of Illinois :
Origin of American Indian 52
Indians of Illinois 53
French Forts 54
Pottawatomies and Ottawas 56
Starved Rock 57
Destruction of the Illinois 57
White Settlements 59
Treaties 59
Black Hawk Troubles 63
Page
CHAPTER III.
Exploration and Orcujyition :
American Settlement at Peoria 65
Travels in the Neighborhood 65
Isaac B. Essex's First School 65
Settlement in Stark County 66
Pioneers of 1830-35 ." 66
Original Assessment, Dis. No. 1. . . 67
" 2.... 67
" 3 68
" 4 68
Military Tract 69
CHAPTER IV.
Marriage Record 1831-1866:
Introduction 70
Record 1831-39 71
Description of a Wedding 72
First License and Certificate 72
Beginning of Marriage Record of
' Stark 72
Justices and Ministers 71-105
CHAPTER V.
Pioneer Associations and Reminiscences :
Causes of Association 105
Mutual Protection Society — OiTicers
and Members 106
Beginnings of Old Settlers' Society.. 107
Organization of the Society 107
First Annual Meeting 108
Second " " 108
Death Record of Old Settlers 108
Third Annual Meeting 109
Death Record of Old Settlers 109
Meeting of 1882 110
Death Record of i\Ienibers 110
Reminiscences . . Ill
Meeting of 1883 Ill
Record of Deaths 112
Seventh ^Meeting 115
Death Roll of Old Settlers 116
Settlement of David Fast 117
Eighth greeting 117
Names of Okl Residents Present . . . 117
Pioneer Necrolony for 1884-5 118
Meeting of August, 1886 119
RecoiTfof Deaths 120
Underground Railroad , 122
Receipt for Horse-stealing 124
VI
CONTENTS.
Page.
Cattle Drivin.-i in Early Days 126
J. BlancbiU-d's Reminiscences 127
James B. Witter's Reminiscences.. 128
H. C. Henderson's " ..128
S. H. Hendersons " ..129
CHAPTER VI.
Organization and Coinmit>sioners' Court:
Organization of Illinois 130
" Counties 1-30
Voters in Spoon liiver Precinct 130
Acts of Putnam Co. Conunissioners. 133
First Election in Spoon River 133
Bribery Act and Plunder 133
Afritallnoj a New County 133
Coffee County in the Legislature . . . 134
Bill for Establishing Stark County . 130
Life of John Stark 13."")
Act Providing for :More Territory . . 13.t
Commissioners' Record, 1839-53 . . . 136
Organization by Townships 138
First Supervisors" Board 138
County Buildings 138
County Poor Farm 139
Index "to Legislative Acts 139
CHAPTER VII.
Political History:
Introduction 140
National Caucus and Convention ... 141
Precinct Elections, 1839 141
County Election liecord 142
Masters in Chancery . 153
Local Conventions 153
Douglas and Lincoln 153
Unconditional Union Men 154
Union League and Knights of G. C. 154
Soldiers' Convention 154
Anti-polvganjv ]\Ieeting 155
Conventions of 1886 155
CHAPTER VIII.
The Courts aad Bar:
Introduction 159
First Law Office 159
Courts of Fulton County 160
Courts of Putnam County 160
Courts of Stark County 1 60
Reminiscences of First Court 161
Circuit Judij:es 162
Roll of the "Old" and the "New"
Bar of Stark County . .' 163
Brief Reference to a Few Cases .... 167
CHAPTER IX.
Journalism and Literature:
Prairie Advocate, Toulon 168
News, Toulon 169
Union. Toulon 169
News (Redivivus), Toulon 169
Democrat, Tovdon KiO
Old-time Billingsgate 170
Democrat (Redivivus), Toidon 170
Page.
Ku Klux Bulletin, Toulon 171
Molly Stark, Toulon 171
Herald (Toulon S. W.) 171
Sentinel, Toulon 172
Call (Toulon T. W.) 172
Post-Chronicle, Wyoming 172
Post, Wyoming 172
Herald, W s'oming 172
Post-Heralil, Wyoming 172
Daily Post-Herald, Wyoming 173
Bee, Wyoming 173
Chronicle, Bradford 173
Times, Bradford 173
, Independent, Bradford 178
Annex, Lafayette 178
Stark County and its Pioneers 174
Pen Sketches of Service in the Ma-
rine Artillery 174
History of the 112th Regiment 174
Close of Chapter 174
CHAPTER X. .
Schools and Institutes:
School Statistics of State 175
First School in Stark County 175
Roll of School Superintendents 175
School Statistics of County 176
Teachers' Institute and Association . 177
S. G. Wright's Reminiscences 177
William Nowlan's Reminiscences. . . 178
Roll of Teachers 178
Statistics of Teachers 179
Teachers' Normal Class 179
Teachers" Association 179
Teachers' Institute, 1882 180
Normal Institute 180
CHAPTER XI.
lielif/ions and Semi-Religious Associations:
Establishment of Churches 181
Sunday-school Union 182
Camp-meeting A.ssociation 185
Bible Society" 185
Temperance League. ., 186
Women's Christian Temperance As-
sociation 186
Musical Society 186
CHAPTER XII.
Agric ultu ral Societies:
Socictvof 1843 187
Stark "County Agricultural Society . 187
Effort to Esfablish at Wyoming 189
Central Agricultural Society 189
CHAPTER XIII.
Physicians of the County:
Record of 191
CHAPTER XIV.
Railroads:
Western Air Line 193
Peoria and Rock Island 194
Rushville Branch 195
Proposed Roads 195
CONTENTS.
Vll
Page.
CHAPTER XV.
Military History:
Introduction 196
War for tlic Union 197
Statistics 197
lievolutionarj' Soldiers liere 197
Black Hawk and Mexican Wars... 197
First War Meeting in Stark C^ounty. 198
Organization of Home Guards 198
County and F.ocal Relief Circles ... 198
jNniitar}' Disbursing Committee 199
List of Soldiers killed up to Feb-
ruary, 1802 199
Township Relief Societies 199
Women's Loyal Tjcague 199
Provost-marshal White and the Ter-
willigers - . 199
Bro.Tu's Recruiting Station 200
The Draft 200
County Central Aid C'ommittee .... 200
A Furieral Sermon 200
Miles A. Fuller's Report 203
Sundry Paragraphs 204
Soldiers' Momunent Association. . . . 205
]\Ieeting to Celebrate Peace 205
Regimental Sketches and Rosters of
Infantry C'onunands 205
Of Cavalry Commands 242
Of Artillerv Commands 244
Fourth I. X. G 246
G. A. R. Post Rosters, pidc town-
slnpa.
DOCI'MENTS AND BlOCiRAPHY OF TOWN-
SHIPS AND Vllil-.'VGES :
CHAPTER XVI.
To u Ion Toionsh ip :
Topography 247
Original Land Owners 218-251
Present Land Owners 248-251
Political Statistics 251
Supervisors and Justices 251
Schools and School Officers 254
Census of Pioneers in 1866 254
Toulon Cemetcrv and Its Tenants. .. 254
Modena Hamlet! 257
Stark Predestinarian Baptists 258
]\Ioulton 259
Societies 259
Toviii of Toulon:
Introduction 259
First Settlers 260
Survey of Town 261
Sale of Town Lots 261
Its Selection as County Seat 262
Improvement Era 26B
]{. R. Aid Granted 263
Trustees and Oliicers of Village. . . 263
Reornanization 263
Otlicials, 1873-1886 263
Toulon Postoffice 264
Page.
Old Business Houses 265
Leaf from an Account Book 266
Hotels 266
Mauufactm-ing Industries 267
Banking Houses 267
Railroad and the Grain Trade 268
Business Circle 268
Methodist Church 269
Congregational Churcli 270
Baptist'Church 276
Second Baptist Church 279
Christian Church 279
Catholic Church 2^0
Universalist ( 'hiu'ch 280
Sabbath Schools 280
Schools of Toulon 281
Masonic Lodge 284
Eastern Star' (Chapter 285
I. O. O. F. Lodge 285
Temperance Workers 287
W. Vs\ Wriiiht Post 288
Militarv Affairs 289
Lotus Club 290
Woman's Club . . 280
W. C. T. U 291
Y. :M. C. A 291
liiterary Societies 291
Old Court House D. S 291
Toulon Del)ating Society 292
Miscellaneous Societies 293
Toirii of Wyoming:
Introduction 294
Survey 295
Early Lot Buyers 295
Additions to Town 295
Sketch of Its Fir.st Days 296
Otficials, 1872-'86. ..."'. 297
Schools of Wyoming 297
Methodist Church 300
Protestant Episcopal Church 303
Catholic Church 304
Baptist Ciiurch 305
Congregational Church 305
United Brethren Church 306
Masonic Lodge 307
Wyoming Ciiaptcr 307
Eiistern Star Chapter 308
Wyo]ning I. O. O. F 308
Wyoming En(;ampment 309
DeWolf>ost 309
DeAVolf Post 418
Sons of Veterans 660
National Festivals 310
Miscellaneous Societies 311
Postoflice 312
Wyoming Cemetery and Tenants. . . 313
Commerce and Mining 314
Houses in Village in 18S2 315
Banks and liankers 316
Business and Manufacturing Circle.. 317
Opera House 318
Conflagrations 318
Biography and Remini.sceuces. ..318-418
Vlll
CONTENTS.
Page.
CHAPTER XVII.
Elmira Township:
lutroduction. . . 420
Oriirinal Land Owners 421-429
Present Land Owners 421-429
First Settlement and Settlers 429
Scotch Settlement 4:i(»
Travels of the Turnbulls and Olivers 431
Elmira Cemetery and Tenants 432
Osceola Cemetery and Tenants 433
Pioneer Neighbors 433
Highlanders and Lowlanders 434
Schools 434
Supervisors and Justices 435
Insurance Company 436
Elmira Grange ' 437
Grand Army of the Republic 437
lioster and Record G. A. R 437
Elmira Library Association 438
Elmira Village:
Introduction ... 439
L'nited Presbyterian Church 440
Methodist Episcopal Church 441
Elmira Bible Society 442
Presbyterian Church of Elmira 442
Knox Church 443
Cumberland Church 444
Schools of District 3 444
Business Circle 445
Osceola Village:
Introduction 446
Presbyterian Church 446
;Methodist Episcopal Church 446
Baptist Church 447
Free Will Baptist Church 448
Other Religious Societies 448
iliscellaneous ■ 448
Elmira in the War 449
Biography and Reminiscences 455
CHAPTER XVIII.
Esfie.r Toicnship:
Introduction 493
Neighboring Settlements 493
Original Entries 493
Present Landowners 493
3Iadison Winn's Recollections 499
Sheets Cemetery 501
Pleasant ValleyCemetery 501
Schools of Essex 502
Supervisors and Justices 504
Railroad Election 504
Pioneer Postoffice 504
Methodist Church 505
Latter Day Saints 505
United Brethren 505
Duncan Village 506
Biography and Reminiscences. . .507-525
CHAPTER XIX.
Goslun Township:
Introduction 525
Original Entries 525
Page.
Present Land Holders 525
Schools 532
Cemeteries 535
Lafayette Village :
Survey and Purchase 536
Incorporation of Villaire 537
Tru.stees, 1869-1887. .'. 537
Clerks, 1869-1887 538
Old and New Business Circle 538
Pioneers of 1848 538
Pensioners 538
I. O. O. F. Lodge 538
Dautrhter.; of Re'bekah 539
Blue^ Lodge. A. F. & AM 539
Eastern Suir Chapter 539
Good Templars 540
Baptist Church 540
3Iethodist Episcopal Church 540
Indian Creek Class 541
Union Church 541
Presliyterian Society 541
Mormon Church 542
U. :M. p. Church 542
Universalist Church 542
Church of Christ 542
Biography and Reminiscences 542
CHAPTER XX.
Osceola Township.
Introduction 571
Statistics 571
Coal and Gas 571
Original Land Entries 572
Present Land Owners 572
Schools 57.5
Super^^sors 577
Justices 577
R . R . Aid Election 577
Franklin Cemetery 588
Bradford Vill'ige :
Survey and Plat 588
First Lot Buyers 588
Era of Settlement 588
Business Circle 588
Bradford Schools 578
Village Incorporated 581
Trusfees and Officials 581
^lasonic Lodse 581
Odd Fellows'" Lodge 582
Good Templars' Lodge 582
G. A. R. Post and Roster 582
Universalist Church 583
Sewing Circle 583
Methodist Episcopal Church 584
Baptist Church 584
Congregational Church 586
Catholic Church 586
Protestant Episcopal Church 586
Bradford Cemetery 587
LomhardriUe :
Survey and Plat. 587
Improvement Society 587
Biography 588
ILLUSTRATIONS.
IX
Page.
CHAPTER XXI.
Penn ToxonsMp :
Physical Character 603
Villaiies of 603
Population 603
Cooper's Defeat Creek 603
Original Entries 604
Schools of Peun 607
Supervisors 608
Justices 608
Castleton :
S\u-\'ey and Plat 609
Lot Purchasers 609
Business Circle 609
Ntn-mal School 609
^Methodist Einseopal Church 610
Drawvcr's Class 610
liojoate's Class 610
:\[ethodist Protestant Church 610
Evangelical Lutheran Church 611
Societies 611
Camp Grove 612
Franklin Cemetery 612
Snareville Cemetery 615
Biography and Reminiscences 615
CHAPTER XXII.
Valley Township:
Physical Character 640
Population 640
Original Pantries ' 040
Present Land Ov^-ners 640
Township Schools 643
Supervisors -644
Justices 645
Pioneer Neighbors. - 645
Wolf Hunt, 1830 645
Yallev Cemetery 645
Stark Village. 645, 659
Pensioners 646
Congregational Church 646
Members of 647
Page.
Wady Petra Village 647
Methodist Church 647
Grange 647
Sons of Veterans 660
Biography and Remiuisceuces 647
CHAPTER XXIII.
West Jersey Township:
Introduction 672
Physical Character 672
Popuhition 672
Original Entries 672
Present Land Owners 672
Schools 67(5
Supervisors 678
Justices 678
Pioneer Neighbors 678
Millbrook Township 678
Victoria Township 678
Pioneer ^lemories 679
First Settlers 679
Distiilerv 679
First Ball 679
First Postoffice 680
Census of Pioneers 680
West Jersey Cemetery 680
Soldiers Buried in Cemeterv 681
West Jersey Village '. 681
M. E. Chu'rch...: 681
Hazen's Class 681
Finch's Cla.ss 682
Trickle's Class 682
Presl)vterirtn Church 682
Odd Fellows 683
Starwauo 683
Burning of Intirraary 683
Biography and Reminiscences 684
CONCLUSION.
Population 1840—80 707
Township 1855—80 707
Nationality of Citizens 707
Population of Villages 708
Annual Expenditures 1839 — 85 707
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page.
Map of Stark County 15
Pere Manjuette's ^lap 39
Starved Rock 61
Landing of La Salle 95
Pioneer Home 113
Pontiac 131
Tecuraseh 149
Black Hawk 201
First SchooLhouse 495
Page.
Oliver Whitaker 255
James H. Miller 273
Samuel Burge 323
Sylvester Otmau 341
William Sturm 359
Clinton Fuller 477
Abner Kerns 529
Rev. A. C. Miller 649
L L. Newman 697
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
Torxox Town snip xst>
Towns of Ton.ox and
Wyoming.
Page.
Jolin W. Agard 319
John R. Atherton 319
Julius Barnes 319
Dr. Bacraeister 191
James Ballentiue 320
Eunice Bass 320
Thomas A. Beall, Sr. . 320
Thomas Beall 320
John Berlield 320
Carson Berfield. (Gen. Hist.)
Patrick :M. Blair 321
Elva M. Black 322
Herbert Blakely 322
Thomas W. Bloomer. . 322
Andrew F. Bloomer. . . 328
William Boggs 322
3Ia jor Bohanuau 322
William J. Bond 322
Orlando Brace 325
Kezzie F. Brace 325
Henry C. Bradley 325
Samuel G. Breese 326
William Brown 326
John B. Brown 620
Capt. John M. Brown. 327
Samuel Burge 327
Kev. Benjamin Buree. . 328
D. S. Burroughs. .":... 328
Henrv Butler^ 329
Ed^\ in Butler 329
C". C. Campbell 330
Alfred Castle, M. D . . . 330
Rev. W. W. Carr 331
Thomas H. Carlin 331
Wm. Chamberlain, M.D. 332
Julius F. Chapin 332
Mary F. Chapin 332
Joseph Catterlin 332
John S. Cleveland 332
Jeffrey A. Coolev 332
Presley Colwell .' 332
Mrs. David Cooper 332
MarvCox 332
Clara De W. Cox 332
Jere M. Cox 333
Polly Crandall 333
Eliza J. Creighton 333
P. K. Cross 333
Page, i
John Cuthertou 334
Rev. T.J. Cullen 334
Dr. Curtiss 334
L. P. Damon 3:34
Samuel M. Dewey 335
Stephen Deaver 335
Kezzie Dexter 336
R. J. Dickinson 336
Henry B. Dorrance. . . . 337
John Drinnin 337
Luther Driscoll 337
Mary E. Dugau 337
William Dunn 337
Rev. R. C. Dunn 337
Benjamin Drummoud . . 365
Otis T. Dyer 338
William 5l. Eagelston. 338
C. L. Eastman 339
S. W. Eastman 340
Emory J. Edwards. . . . 343
B. F. Edwards UA
John G. Emery 344
Joseph Essex 344
Artemus Ewers 344
Spencer Falconer 344
Davis Fast 344
John Finlev 344
Rev. J. J. Fleharty. . . 344
Benjamin C. Follett... 344
Mrs. Pleasant Folktt.. 345
Sarah E. Fofflesoug. .. . 345
:Mrs. D. Fos^ter. . .\ . . . 336
William Fuller 345
Miles A. Fuller 345
Ernest C. Fuller 346
Brady Fowler 463
Andrew Galbraith 346
Charles Geesey 347
Amos P. Gill.' 347
Hu£rh Y. Godfrey 347
Joel D. Goodale." 347
W. H. Gray 347
Ruby Greenfleld 347
F. R. Greenwood 347
W. H.Greenwood 348
James Grilhn 348
A. Gross 348
Robert Grieve 348
Thomas Hall. M. D ... 349
J. Knox Hall 352
Mary 31. Hammett 352 .
X
Page.
John Hanes 352
Richard Hardin 352
Mrs. Harty 3.52
Sarah ]\I. Hazzard ... . 352
AuEcustus G. Hammond 352
Charles Hartley 353
George Hartley 353
James P Headley 354
George Harvey 354
John Hawkes 354
W. H. Henderson 355
Thomas J. Henderson. . 223
John W. Henderson... 356
Henry C. Henderson. . . 356
Stephen H. Henderson. 356
James A. Henderson . . 356
3Irs. Ann Heywood . . . 356
Thomas Hevwood 357
Richard Hight 357
William Holgate 358
Henry A. Hoist, ride
Gtu. Hist.
Georse E. Holmes. . . . 358
John^Hook 361
Frank C. Hook 361
W. H. Hoover 362
Augustus Hulsizer .... 362
Chjirles F. Hamilton . . 591
Jane Ingham 363
Ellen Jackson 363
William S. Johnson . . . 363
Peyton P. Johnson .... 363
John Jordan 364
George Kerns 364
William Kerns 365
Martin Keran 365
James Kinney 365
Maria Kightlinger 366
Wesley Kinir 366
Albert W.King 366
James E. King 367
George S. Lawrence... 367
Davis Lowman 368
James K. Lashells 368
William J. Law 368
Abram Lindsev 368
Dr. J. L Liiihffall 369
Caleb :M. S.~"Lyon 367
Caroline Lvon 369
William R. Leirir 369
Leek family . .^^7 369
BIOGRAPHY AND REMINISCKNCES.
XI
Page.
Elizabeth Long 369
Mary Ann Lowman . . . 369
^lincrva Lj'on 369
Richard Mascall ?69
William Malianv 369
William Mahany 694
Col. I). W. Magce, M.D 369
William Mason 370
Wallace McW. Mason . 371
John A. Maxfield 371
Thomas H. Maxlield . . 371
David McCance 372
Charles P. McCorkle . . 372
Kolx-rt McKeio-han .... 373
John INIark :\rc:Millen.. 373
Stephen W. Maring ... 374
M. F. Meeker........ 374
Major W. K. Merriman 374
Hon. James H. Miller . 375
Allen P. Miller 376
William Miller 377
Royal H. Miller 377
Wflliam Miner 378
Rev. John Mitchell .. . 378
Robert Mitchell 378
James Montooth 378
William L. ^Nlooney . . . 379
J. \V. 3Iorrison ..'..... 380
Robert Moore 482
K B. Morse, M. D.... 381
James H. Newton 381
Ben j . A . Newton 381
Jason M . Newton 382
George Nicholas 382
Rev.^T. J. Nesmith .. 382
Elizabeth Nixon 382
Will E. Nixon 382
James Nowlan 383
Thomas A. Oakes 383
Sylvester F. Otman. . . 383
William Ogle 519
Benjamin Packer 384
Charles S. Pavne 385
Harve\- Pettit'. 386
Allen ^IcA. Pierce, M.D 386
Henry R. Pierce 387
F. O. Phelps 387
Mrs. Franklin Pratt... 387
Henry T. Prentiss.. .. 387
John Prior 3^7
James Price, ride mil. ch.
Nelson Prout 388
ilrs. Elijah Ransom. . . 388
Francis Rennick 388
Joseph D . Rhodes 388
Eugene Rhodes 388
John H. Rhodes 564
Hugh Rhodes 564
Mr.s". Byrne Riley 389
Anthonv Robinson.... 389
George Rockwell 389
James M. Rogers 389
Frank Rosseter 389
William R. Sandham. . 389
Page.
Peter Sanner 390
Wintield Scott 390
George W. Scott 390
IVIartin Shallenberger. . 391
Hopkins Shivvers. . . . 393
William U. Sickles. . . . 393
Minott Silliman 565
Levi Silliman 394
Perrv H. Smith 394
John W. Smith 394
John Smith 395
Barbara Smith 395
PhcebeH. Smith 395
Whitney Smith 395
Isaac B. Spillman 395
Nathan Snare 395
Perrv Stanclitf -. . 396
Gen' John Stark 135
Patrick Sullivan 397
Charles M. Swank .... 398
Andrew Swartz 398
Sj'lvester Sweet 398
]\irs. William Sweet. . . 398
Bushrod Tapp 398
Charles M. Teeter 398
Elias Stout Teeter 399
Isaac Thomas 400
James M. Thomas 400
William F. Thomas... 401
Frank Thomas 401
Gen. Samuel Thomas . 401
Owen Thomas 403
Harriet Taylor 403
Brailford F. Thompson 403
Harriet Ticknor 404
L. E. Timmons 404
E. A. Trimmer 404
W. A. Truax 404
Benjamin Turner 405
Jesse T. Turner 405
Daniel Tvrrell, M.D... 407
\. F. Stlckney 406
James M. Sticknev. . . 406
J. C. Starr ' 406
Daniel D . Stone 406
Rev. I). G. Stouffer .. 406
William Sturm 407
George C. Van Osdell . 669
Gertrude Wagner 410
David J. Walker .... 410
Dexter Wall 410
Rev. W. Wallers . 411
John W. Walters... . 412
Joseph AValther 412
Oliver Whitaker 413
Jolui Whitaker 414
B. WhiHen 415
John Whitcher 415
William Williams 415
Warren Williams 415
Marshall Winn 415
James Woods 416
Stephen G. Worlev ... 416
Rev. S. G. Wright ... 416
Page.
William W. Wright... 416
Capt. W. W. Wright.. 570
Susan D. Wright .... . 416
John Wriglev 417
David DeWolf 418
Hewes White 492
Keziah I). Young.... 418
B. F. Young 481
Elmiha Townsuip.
John Adams 455
James Arm.strong, Sr. .. 455
Louis Austin 455
Matthew Bell 455
W. D. Blanchanl 455
Abhy M. Blanchanl... 456
Dr. E. R. Boardman. . . 456
Dr. E. O. Boardman... 456
Charles Bolt 457
Myrtle G. Bi-ace , , . . 457
Lochlin Buchanan 458
Lochliu ]M. Buchanan. . 458
Asa A. Bunton 458
Asa Bunton 461
James Buswell 461
James Cinnamon 461
David Currier 462
Lsabella Fell 548
Brady Fowler 463
Laton Fuller 463
Ambrose Fuller. ...... 463
Clinton Fuller 464
Walter U. Fuller 464
Wm. W. Fuller 464
Charles L. Gerard .... 465
Hall family 466
Rol)ert Hail 473
John M. Hatch 473
Aaron Harvej' 592
James ^I. Jackson 473
Thomas Jackson 474
Col. William Jackson.. 474
David Jackson 474
John Jackson 476
Adam Jackson 476
James L. Jackson 479
John Leason 479
AVilliam Leason 465
Thomas Lvle... • 461
Carlos B.'Lyle 479
Horace E. Lvle 479
Finlev ^latheson 480
Geo. S. .Alavnard 480
Donald Mci)onald 480
Harriet J. ilcKeuzie... 481
William Moflitt 481
Samuel .Montooth 482
Robert Moore 482
George ilurray 482
William Murray 483
Thomas Nicholas 483
Adam Oliver 484
Andrew Oliver 484
Henrv H. Oliver 485
XII
i;io(;kai'iiv and keminisokn^ks.
Thomas Oliver
AVilliiim Parks
Matthew B. Parks . .
William G. Perkins.
Gideon Potter
Jolm F. Reed
Simon 15. Spencer. . .
Isaac Spencer
Charles Stuart
Sturms family
John Tiirnbuil
JohnG. Turnbull...,
William 11. Turnlmll
AVilliam Turubull. . .
Archibald Vandyke .
Charles V^andyke. . . .
Ilewes White
ACJE.
485
486
486
486
487
488
488
489
450
489
489
490
491
491
491
492
493
Page.
Benson 8. Scott 520
EssKX Township.
F. F. Brockway 507
Thomas ColweH 508
Henry (V)lwell 508
JohnColwell 509
Joseph Cox 509
Thomas W. Cox .... 509
W. K. Cox 509
Malon Cox 510
Mary E. Cox 510
I. P. Carpenter 510
Hannah Dixon 510
Samuel Dixon 510
Rosanna Dixon 510
Philip F. Earhart 510
Eliza Edwards 511
Isaac B. Essex 511
Thomas Essex 512
Philip Fast 512
Jane Frail 512
James M. Estep 512
George Fautz. . . 512
Joseph Friedman 518
Daniel Gini;ricli 513
Lucinda Giuiirich . . . . 513
A. E. Gingrich 514
Thomas Graves 514
Nancy Graves 514
James Graves 515
Joseph S. Graves 515
Jacob Graves 516
Lemuel Graves 516
Argeion Graves 516
Jerome Graves 516
James Hartley 517
Ann Hartley." 517
n. Ingram." 517
Jared Jones 517
Abner Kerns 518
John Leffler 518
Jesse L, .Moltiit 519
Josiah .MoHitt 519
John II. Ogle 519
Henry M. Rogers 520
John" Scott. . .'. 520
520
522
522
523
Peter Sheets .
Henry Springer
Amelia M. Standard .
John P. Standard . .
Christopher Trickle.
Edward Trickle 523
Jelfenson Trickle 52a
]\Iason B, Trickle 523
Sylvester Wilkinson... 524'
Alonzo Wilkinson 524
Solomon Wilkinson... 525
Thomas Winn 109
GOSUKN ToWNSIHI'.
Eric Anderson 543
Josepll Atherton 543
Jesse S. Atherton 543
^[rs. A. Atherton 543
R. C. Baker 543
Jeremiah Bennett 543
xV. R. R. Revier 544
U. H. Brown 544
Emory S. Buffum 544
Jonas Butler 544
Mrs. P. Cavenaugh .... 544
Melinda Carver 545
Dr. J. R. Crawford... 545
Wm. L. Dalrymple. . . . 545
Elder Delle ". 545
Mrs. Dickinson . 545
Rebecca Dickin.son. . . . 545
Jeremiah DeMutli 545
Lotan Dexter 546
GL'orge F. Dexter 546
Daniel Dodge 546
Mrs Dudley 546
S D. Easton 546
Elijah Eltzroth 546
Conrad Emery 547
John Emery." 547
Jacob Fall ." 547
Mrs. Farr 547
Barnabas Frail 547
D. K. Fell 548
Isabella Fell 548
(Jideon B. Gillette 548
J. T. (Gardner 549
Hugh Galbrailh 549
Epii. Garrison 550
Luther Geer 550
Nelson Grant 550
Orson Grant 550
Ruth Graves ... 550
: Thomas Gemmell 550
' William J. Hamilton. 551
Andrew Hamilton 551
j A. IT. Harris. -.. 551
Harry Hayes 551
John S, Haxtiui 551
Martha Hill 551
i Sabrina Hilliard 551
Azro Hilliard 552
Page.
Charles Himes 552
Homer II. Himes 553
Cad. Howell 553
I). J. Hurd 553
James Ingels 553
James Jackson 553
Barnabas M. Jac'kson. . 554
Capt. C. P. Jackson. . . 554
J. M. Jones 555
Jacob Jones 555
Sheridan Jones 555
Capt. F. A. Jones 556
William Marks 556
James Martin 557
William Mason 557
John A. ^laxfield ... . 557
Oren Maxtield 557
Elijah McCleuahau. . . . 557
Henry McClenalian . . 557
Elijah J. :McClenahan.. 557
James McStimpson. . . . 558
Harris W. Miner 558
Susanna Miner 109 559
Robert Moore 559
Henry S. Newcomer. . . 559
Dr. J. H. Nichols 559
James Nicholson 560
Eric U. Norberg 560
Michael No wlan 560
William Nowlan 561
Philanda Pomcroy. . . . 561
Elijah Pomeroy 561
Henry Presler 561
Samuel Parrish 561
Squire Parrish 562
Bethuel Parrish 562
Joel Parrish 563
J. H. Quinn 563
Mrs. Reed 564
Wm. A. Reed 564
Isaac C . Reed 564
Huuh Rhodes 564
Jolm F. Rhodes 564
T. W. Ross 565
Jacob Ross 565
Lucretia Ruston 565
Minott Silllman 565
C . F . Spillman 566
William Snyder 566
Alfred .M. Snyder 567
A. B. II. Snyder 567
J. F. Thompson 567
V. Todd 568
Abbie A. Todd 568
Smith Tuttle 5(18
Peter II. Wade 568
John White 568
John A. White 569
John H. White 569
Samuel M. White 569
Simeon AVilliams 569
Rev. J. L. Williams... 570
Capt. W. W. Wright.. 570
GadL. Yale "..... 571
BIOGRAPHY ANT) REMINISCENCES.
xin
Osceola Township.
Page.
Alviu Abbott 588
Mary P. Adam,s 588
Major A. Ames 588
Z\3bnloii Avery 589
Dr. J. G. Boardman... 589
John V. Bevier 589
John n. Boyd 590
A. H. Brock 590
Mrs. Capperune 590
Mrs. Cashing 590
James B. Do vie 590
W. P. Dator! 590
Mrs. Driscoll 590
Mrs. Fink 590
Patrick Finni^an 590
Wesley T. Foster 591
Otis Gardner 591
Charles F. Hamilton.. 591
Jenny Hartley 592
Thomas W. Harmon . . 592
William Harvey 592
Geo. L. Haskins 592
Mrs. T. Horan 593
John Lackie 593
Emily i^I. Lewis 593
Francis J. Liggett 594
Geo. W. Longmire. . . . 595
Catherine iMcXultv . . 595
Jolui A. Mielkey.' 595.
H. R. Mokeler ' 596
James M. Morris 596
A. B. j\[or.se 597
Harmon Pheni.x 597
Geo. W. Reed 597
George Reeves 598
Benjamin F. Rockhold 598
Asher Smith 599
Byron Smith 599
Liberty Stone 599
Mrs. Herbert Searles. . . 600
Nicholas Stin-m 600
Church Sturtevant 600
Isaac Sturm 600
A. J. Sturm 600
Seth Stuart (iOl
AugiLst S. Thompson.. 601
Joseph E. Weed 601
Washino-ton White... 602
Naomi Wilcox 602
John Winslow 602
Calvin Winslow 602
Penn Township.
Heniy B. Ackley 615
John Acklej^ 615
Humphrey Avery. . .616-18
S. G. Avery 616-19
Elizabeth Smith Avery.. 616
]VIiles Avery 617
Jo.seph C. Avery 619
Robert McBocock 619
Elijah Bocock 620
Paoe.
Cyrus Bocock 620
Thomas J. Bocock. ... 621
William C. Bocock.... 621
John B. Brown 622
Cramincr W. Brown.. . 622
Erastus Brown 622
Harlow Brown 623
Benjamin B. Bunnell. . 623
Jam'es A. Bunnell 624
Robert E. Bunnell.... 624
Daniel Coghlan 625
Samuel Crum 625
C. W. Davison 625
Geo. D. Eaa-elston 626
William Eagel.ston 626
Mary P'arwdl 626
James W. Fleming. . . . 626
Levi Fonts 027
Zura Fidler 627
C. D. Fuller 627
Ben j . F. Gharrett .... 628
William D. Grant 628
George Green 628
AndiW Harty 629
James Holeate 630
Dr. J. R. Holgate 630
Edwin Holmes 630
Leo Julg 633
Michael Ivitterman 634
Alexander Kissinger . . 634
Thomas Leadley 634
"Aiuitie" McLauiihlin. 634
James McNulty.T 634
Geo. W. Miller 634
Warren Pettit 635
Virdl Pike 635
Clias. H. Perkins 635
William Redding 656
William Rvan 635
Hcnrv Seeiev 635
Wm." S. Sniith 635
John Snare 636
James Snare 636
R. S. Snare 637
Edward Somers 638
Kliza])e1h Sturm 638
.Micagv Swiger 638
Wm! H. Whitlen 638
C. AVilson 639
Archibald Wheeler. . . 626
Lydia White 630
Abram Zimm 639
Valley Township.
Josepli Anderson 648
Margaret V. Brain 648
AVm. Atkinson 648
Perry C. Burdick 651
Bishop Chase 705
r^hilander Chase 706
Pliilander Chase 651
Heber Chase 651
Bernard C^olgan 652
Thomas H. Crone 653
Page.
Wm. Da\v.son 653
John Ij. Dawson 654
James L. Dawson 654
Elizabeth Dciwn 654
AVm. Dow n 654
Mary A. Dcwlnu-st . . . . 65 >
James DcAvhurst 655
L. Duckworth 655
G. W. Durvea 655
Joseph Ebv 655
A J. Faulkner 655
Ambrose Ghert 656
A. AV. Hendricks 657
Henry Hampson ...... 657
Sai'ah Hampson 657
Thomas Heaghney.... 658
David Hodges. . .' 658
Chas. AI. lIuU 659
Geo. L. Jackson 659
James Jack-son 664
Mrs. Judith S. Job . . . 660
David Joh 660
Thomas Kelly 660
G. Klepfer...' 660
Alonzo Kengsley 660
Jonathan Luce 660
George JIarlatt 661
Malinda jVIarlatt 661
AVilliam McConnell 662
Sarah McGinniss 662
John Morrissy 663
William Peterson 663
John Schanck 664
Jacob Simmerman 664
A.J. Sinunerman 664
Edwin Snare 665
John Speers 665
Carl Stagg 666
James Turner 655
Charles D. Stisser. ... 669
Geo. C. Y:\u Osdell. .. 669
Thomas Wickliara, tide
Mstort/.
A.sahel Wihnot 670
Harriet N. AVilmot 670
Samuel AVrigiey 671
West Jeiisioy Township.
S. V. Addis 684
D. O. Addis 684
James P. Addis 685
Ella Addis 685
Francis Anthony .... 685
John H.Anthony 685
Cyrus Anthony 685
AVilliam Barr
]Mrs. Bishop 686
AVilliam Bishop 686
Josepli Bodine 686
John P. Bodine 686
David J. Bodine 687
R. A. Bovd 687
David AV.Bi'own 687
S. Caskev
XIV
BIOaRAPHY AND REMINISCENCES.
Page.
Tjudnda Duncer 687
John Dryden 687
Rebecca "Dunn 687
A. A. Duim 689
aeorge Kckley 689
Hannah Gaffliev 689
John Finley 689
A. .]. Finley 689
Samuel J. Fox 690
Sarah George 690
Jacob N . Hazen 690
John Ilazen 690
S. R. Hazen 691
James R. Henry 691
Mrs. Ingels 692
Levi Johnson 692
A. J. Johnson 692
Wm . H. Johnson 698
Page.
R. W. King, M. D 693
John Keller 694
Jacob Kissell 694
Philip Knoir 694
James Little 6H4
William Mahany 694
James V. B. Mahany. . 694
W.S.McClauahan, M.D. 695
Rev. A. C. Miller. . . . 695
I. L. Newman 696
Joseph Palmer 696
Willard Palmer 696
John Pratz 699
Jonathan Pratz 699
S. H. Sanders 699
John Sargent 700
Belle Shafer 700
Page.
Mary L. Swank 700
Peter Sheets 700
George Slieets 700
.Jacob B. Smith 700
Jacob Stimmell 701
Sarah H. Stimmell.... 701
Robert Stonier 701
Chas. W. Terry 702
Washington Trickle... 703
A. D. Van Sickle 703
.Tohn Wiley 704
W. W. Webster 704
EcclesB. West 700
Jacob Wygell 698
Mahala Young 704
C. W. Young 704
J. Q. Young 705
INTRODUCTION
I'AIIT I.
CllKO.XOLOGV OF THE UNITED STATICS.
HE honor of discovering land in the western hemisphere
has been variously credited. It is said, and on very good
authority, that it was known to the people of Cartilage,
as the Atalantis of Plato's ''Critias and Tiniaeus." Again,
Saint Brendan is credited with its discovery in the sixth
century ; while Powell, in his history of Wales, assumes
that the Welch prince, Madoc, left his country in 1170
with his retainers, and made a settlement here. The
works of those early settlers and explorers were of such
little utility that notliing has been transmitted by them
to posterity which might substantiate the claims of
their latter day countrymen. Not so with the Tartars and others.
Tiie ancient inhabitants of Uispaniola, Peru, Mexico, and even Canada,
who came ma Kamptschatka, from China, Japan, and even from
Africa, left behind them immutable souvenirs of their coming and
their stay, and gave to tlie continent two great empires — Mexico and
Peru. Then followed Sjiain with her Christian hero, the Genoese, Col-
umbus, 1492; then England with the two Venetians, John and Se-
bastian Cabot, 1497; then Portugal with the Florentine, Yespucius,
1501; then the French explorers, Cartier, Marquette, • Joliet, La
Salle, Allouez, Dablon, and hundreds of other Frenchmen who explored
and wrote and preached. The record of discovery by Europeans, as
accepted, is as follows : Christopher Columbus, San Salvador, 1492 ;
John and Sebastian Cabot, Labradoi-, 1497; Americus Vespucius,
l^)razil. 1501 ; Caspar Cortereal, Canada, 1501 ; Ponce de Leon, Florida,
1512 ; Juan Verazani, Coast of North Carolina, 1524; Jaccpies Cartier,
Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1534; Hernandez Cortes, California, 153() ; Fer-
dinand de Soto, Mississippi river, 1541 ; Samuel Champlain, River St.
John, ir;o4; Henry Hudson, Hudson river. 1(509, Marquette, Joliet, La
Salle, Upper Lake and Mississippi region ; Verandrye, DeSmet, Rocky
Mountains.
The aboriginal inhabitants of this continent have left numerous
evidences of their existence, such as ruins, stone and copper vessels
3 17
18 INTRODUCTION.
an<l instruments. The written records of their occu])atioii'" are scarce
and uiiintelli*^ibk'. The Indian inhabitants number over a quarter of
a uiillion (2()0,079j and are gTou])ed as follows : Apaches, New Mexico,
7,300 ; Arrapahoes. LT])per Platte river, 720 ; Arrapahoes, Upper Ar-
kansas river, 8,000 ; iVrricarees, Upper Missouri river. 1,080; Assini-
boines, Upper Missouri river, ;->,280 ; Ulackfeet, I'pper Missouri river,
2,0S0 ; Bloods, Upper Missouri river, 2,400; Brules, Up])er Missouri
river, 1,120 ; California Tribes, California, 33,590 ; Canianches, U])per
Arkansas river, 1.800; Cayugas, Senecas, New York, 147; Cherokees,
West Arkansas river, 17,530; Cheyennes, Upper Platte river, 1.800;
Cheyennes, Upper Arkansas river, 1,600 ; Chickasaws, AVest Arkansas
river, 4,287 ; Chippewas of Lake Superior, Michigan, AVisconsin and
Minnesota, 4,940; rhi])pewas of the Mississi])|)i river, Minnesota, 4,028 ;
Chi[)j)ewas and Ottawas, Michigan, 5,0(>6 ; ('liij)])ewas of Saginaw and
Swan Creek, JVIichigan, 162.<;Chi])})ewas, with Pottawatoniies, Michigan,
247 ;Choctaws, West of Arkansas, 16,000; Christian, orMunsees, Kansas,
90 ; Creeks, West of Arkansas, 25,000 ; Crows, U]iper Missouri rivei',
3,900 ; Delawares, Kansas, 1,071 ; (Iros Ventres, U])per Missouri river,
1,000 ; lowas, Nel)raska. 291; Kansas Kaws, etc., Kansas, 741 ; Kaskas-
kias, Weas, Peorias, Weas Miamis, and Piankeshaws, Kansas, 384 ;
Kickapoos, Kansas, 34o; Kiawas, Upper Arkansas river, 1,800; Man-
dans, I^])))er Arkansas river, 120; Menominees, Wisconsin. 1,724; Mi-
amis, Indiana, 384 ; Miss(nii*is ancH)tt<)es. Nebraska, 470; Minnecon-
goux. Upper Missouri river, 1,280. Muhauche, Utahs, New Mexico,
5(')() ; Navajoes and Mo(]uis, New Mexico, 15,000 ; Oniahas. Nebraska,
953 ; Onondagas, New Yoi'k, 422 ; Oniedas. New York, 160; Oniedas
with Onondagas, New York, 7o ; Oneidas with Stockln'idge, etc., Wis-
consin, 323 ; Oregon Tribes, Oregon. 13,001) ; Osages, West of Arkan-
sas, 4,098 ; Pawnees (four l)ands). Nebraska, 3,414 ; Pri dos Mescal-
eros, etc.. New Mexico, 4oo ; Poncas. Nebraska. 864; Pottawatoniies
with Kickapoos, Kansas, {'>U ; Pottawatoniies of Huron. Michigan, 50;
Pottawatoniies at Agency ]iroper, Kansas. 2,25!t; Pueblos. New Mex-
ico, 10,000 ; Qua])aws, West of Arkansas. 314 : Sacs and Foxes (Missis-
sippi), Kansas, 1.280; Sacs and Foxes (Missouri), Nebraska, 96; Sans
Arcs, Uj)per Missouri river, l,(iOO ; Senecas, New York. 2,988; Senecas,
with Shawnees, West of Arkansas, 159 ; Seniinoles, West of Arkansas,
2,500 ; Snawnees, Kansas, 830 ; Sioux of the M!ssissip])i, Upper Mis-
souri river, 8,686 ; Sioux of the Missouri, Upper Platte river, 6,000 ;
Stockbridge, with Munsees. Wisconsin, 323 ; Tus(^aroras. New York.
305 ; Two Kettles, Upper Missouri river, 96o ; Utah Tribes, Utah,
1.200 ; Utahs (New Mexico), New Mexico, 2,500; Uncopapas, Upper
Missouri river, 2,680; Washington Territory Tril)es, AVashington Ter
ritory, 14,000 ; AYinnebagoes, Upi)er Missouri river, 2,256; Wyandots,
Kansas. 435; Yanctonnais (Missouri), Upi)er Missouri river, 3,840.
Since the Revolution many of these tribes have been constantly u]) in
arms against the whites. ' The Indian AVar of 1790, the Barbarv AVar
of lSo;j, the Tecumseh AVar of 1804, the British Indians AVar of 1S12.
15, tne Algerine AVar of 1815, the first and second rebellions of the
Seminoles, 1817 and 1835, the Black Hawk War of 1832, the Minne-
sota Massacre of 1862, the Peigan AVar of 1867, the Sioux War of
CHRONOLOGY OF THE ITNITEL) STATES. 19
1875-8, the Nez Perces War of 1877, and the Apaches War of 1883,
with a thousand other minor affairs convey an idea of the manner in
which tlie conquest of tlie Indian nations was affected.
From the tlays of (Joi'tez and Pizarro to our own times war has
been waged at interv^als throughout the two Americas. In our own
country the following named wars have engaged the attention of the
inhabitants from ir>75 to 188)'. : King Phili])'s AVar, 1(375 ; King AYil-
liani's Wav, 1<)89 ; Dutch War, 1(;78 ; Queen Anne's War, 1744 ; French
and Indian AVar, 1753 ; American lievcjlution, 1775 ; Indian War, 1790;
Barl)arv AA^ar, 1803 ; Tecumseli AVar, 1S()4 ; AVar of 1812, 1812 ; Alger-
ine War, 1815; First Seminole AVar, 1817; Black Hawk War, 1832;
Second Seminole War, 1835 ; Mexican War, 184f) ; the Southern Rebel-
lion, 18f)l ; Sioux AVar, 1875-78. Tlie lie volution ary War may be said
to begin with the agitation against the Stamp Act in 17f>5, and to end
with the inglorious surrender of Cornwallis to AA'ashington and Lafay-
ette, October 19, 1781. In April, 1783 Cbngress notihed Washington
of the treaty of peace just entered into, and on A})ril 18th, at New-
burg, the commander-in-chief ordered the ^proclamation to be read at
the head of every regiment, and religious services to be held. On
April 19th, 20th, 21st and 22(1 festivities were the rule in honor of
complete victory. Acting under AVashington's order of April 19,
1 783, preparations for the illumination of the victory building were
made. The headquarters' regiments, then in Newburg cantonment,
were ordered to cut and scpiare 124 pieces of timber to seven inches,
deliver the same to Colonel Gouvion, the French officer in charge of
the illuminations, and act under his directions in erecting the building.
The regiments were Maryland Detachment, Fourth Pegiment, Jersey
Regiment, Jersey Battalion, First New York Regiment, Second New
York Regiment, Hampshire Regiment, Hampshire Battalion, First
Massachusetts Regiment, F^ourth Massachusetts Regiment, Seventh
Massachusetts Regiment, Second Massachusetts Regiment, Fifth Mass-
achusetts Regiment, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment and Third Mass-
achusetts Regiment. Tlie shoeless troops worked in the forest until
the 20th of April, delivered the timber, erected the great frame for
illumination, and thus celebrated the defeat of the British.
The troops of the Revolution were made up of 231,075 regular
infantry and cavalry, and 5(1, (»33 militia. The states contril)uting were
the free states, 172,819 regulars, and 45,91* > militia. Slave states,
58,255 regulars, and 10,123 mihtia.
Notwithstanding the utter rout and defeat of the English, that
nation reorganized for revenge, and under many guises brought on the
AVar of 1812. Their motto was, '* we will punish that ujistart Yankee
nation, take its navv and some of its territory." Toward this end they
dispatched 1,000 war vessels, fully manned and e(]ui])])ed. to ca])ture
or destroy the 20 war slii])s of the United States. A few " Yankee"
sailors swept this fleet from our ocean and sea coasts, destroying for-
ever all hope in British hearts for the restoration of tyranny here.
The defeat of Proctor's Enji'lish and Indians in Canada closed this last
struggle for English su])reniacy.
The Mexican War brought' otiier successes to the Union, resulted in
20 INTRODUCTION.
the acquisition of some territory ; but above all formed a military
school in which man}' soldiers of the Union studied the art of war, and
prepared themselves to be of use in the greater struggle, then unseen,
to preserve the Union itself.
The War of the Eebellion commenced in ISHl and ended in 1865.
The fall of Fort Sumter was a signal for the u])rising of the people.
The news of the calamit}' was flashed throughout the world on April
14, 1861, and earl}' the next morning the proclamation of President
Lincoln was telegra])hed to the chief executive officer of each state.
The prochimatious of the governors were issued April 16, 1861, and on
that the same day every man within the loyal states was prepared to
act a citizen's part. The number of men called for by the president
was 2,942.71:8 and the number obtained 2,690,-101. The reenlistments
brought the numl)er up to 2,859,132, while the number who commuted
or obtained sul)stitutes was 86,724.
The troops furnished by the Southern States were, with the excep-
tion of those of Louisiana, nearly all white. Florida furnished two
regiments of cavalry ; Alabama one white regiment ; Mississippi one
battalion, and Xorth Carolina two regiments, one cavalrv. The calls
of October, 1868, and February, 1861, were combined, and the product
of the draft Julv, 1863, credited thereon.
In addition to above total, 63,322 men were obtained from the
territories and secession states under the different calls. The draft
gave 168,619 men. The number of colored troops was 186,097.
The Confederates succeeded in enlisting 600,000 men, of whom one
thii'd were killed on the field or died of wounds or disease. The re-
maining 400,00u were captured, or became prisoners by surrender, or
deserted. The total losses of the iS^orth and South a])proximated to
600,000 men. The war cost the United States about $4,000,000,000.
The Chronological Histoi'v of the United States has been pre])ared
with great care. It covers the leading events in American history,
and for this reason it must prove invaluable as a plain record and
reference.
1492 Columbus sails from Spain August 3 ; arrives at San Salvador, Oc-
tober 12 ; at Cuba. October 28 ; and Hayti, December 6.
1497 Cabot discovers Labrador, July 3.
1498 Columbus discovers South America, August 10.
1501 Xegro slaves imported into Spanish America, or Hispaniola.
Americus Vespucius discovers Brazil.
1506 Columbus died, May 20.
1512 Florida discovered by Ponce de Leon, April 6.
1513 lialboa discovers the Pacific ocean.
1520 Carolina visited by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon, September 29.
1534-5 Cartier came up St. Lawrence to Montreal in June.
1521 Mexico conquered by Cortez.
1524 Coast of North America explored by John Verazani.
1541 De Soto discovered the Mississippi.
1562 Huguenots settled at Port Royal.
15()4 Huguenots settled in Florida.
15G5 St. Augustine, Fla., settled by Spauiards, September 18.
1583 Henry Gilbert's troops take New Foundlaud.
CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 21
1585 First English colony arrived on Eoanoke Island under Raleigh.
1587 Second attempt to form the settlement.
1602 Cape Cod discovered by Bart. Gosnold. May 34.
1605 Port Royal,, IN. S., settled by the French.
1606 London and Plymouth Comjianies chartered.
1607 Jamestown settled by the London Company.
Plymouth Company settled on the Kennebeck river, August 21.
1608 Quebec founded by the French under Champlain. July 3.
1609 Virginia received its second charter, June 2.
Hudson river discovered by Hudson, September 21.
1610 Starving time in Virginia.
1612 Virginia received its third charter, ^Marcli 22.
1613 Pocahontas married to Kolfe in April. ■
1614 John Smith explored New England coast.
New York settled by the Dutch.
1616 Tobacco culture commenced in Virginia.
Father Le Caron in the West.
1620 Plymouth, Mass., settled by Puritans.
Negroes introduced as slaves.
Charter granted to Council of Plymouth.
A Dutch vessel with first negro slaves entered James river.
1621 Treaty with Massasoite. April 1.
1622 First Indian massacre in Virginia. April 1.
1623 New Hampshire settled at Little Harbor and Dover.
1627 Delaware and New Jersey settled by Swedes and Finns.
1632 Maryland settled by Irish Catholics, under the leadership of Lord
Baltimore at St. Mary's, and Baltimore named after a village of
that name in Cork county, Ireland.
1632-4 College founded in Baltimore.
Nicollet traveled in Michigan and the AVest.
1633 Connecticut settled at Windsor in October.
1636 Rhode Island settled at Providence. Harvard College founded.
1637 The Pequod war.
1638 Delaware settled, near Wilmington, April.
1641 New Hampshire settlements united to Massachusetts.
French mission in tlie Northwest.
1643 Union of the New England colonies formed, May 29.
1644 Second Indian massacre in Virginia, April.
1645 Clayborne's rebellion in Maryland.
1650 North Carolina settled on the Chowan river.
1651 The ''Navagation Act"' passed by the British Parliament.
1652 The Maine settlementG united in Massachusetts.
1655 Civil War in Mai-yland.
New Sweden conquered by the Dutch, October.
1663 Carolina granted to Clarendon and others.
1664 New York became an English province ; New Amsterdam changed
to New York, September 8.
New Jersey settled, at Elizabethtown.
1665 Mesnard, Allouez and others explore the West.
1668 Father Marquette at St. Maire.
1670 South Carolina settled, on the Ashley river.
1673 Virginia granted to Culpepper and Arlington.
Marquette and Joliet explore the Illinois country.
22 INTRODUCTION.
1675 Kiug PhilliiDp's war begun, attack on Swanzey, July 4.
Marquette died. May 18.
1676 Baeon"s Rebellion.
1680 La ;Salle, Hennej^in and other French explorers on the Mississippi.
Charleston founded.
New Hampshire made a royal province, September 28.
1682 Pennsylvania settled by Quakers.
Delaware granted by the Duke of York to William Penn, August .31.
1686 Andros arrived at Boston as Governor of Xew England, December 30.
1689 King William's war commenced. Attack upon Dover. July 7.
1690 Schenectady burned by the French and Indians, February 8. Port
Eoval taken by the English under Phipps, May.
1692 "Salem Witchcraft"" delusion prevailed.
1697 King 'William"s war terminated. September 20.
1702 Queen Anne's war commenced.
1710 Port Royal, Xova Scotia, captured by the English, October 13.
1713 Queen Anne's war terminated, April 11.
1729 Xorth and South Carolina became separate provinces, July.
1732 Washington born, in Westmoreland county. Virginia, February 22.
1733 Georgia settled, at Savannah. Februarv 12.
1741 "The Xegro Plot," in Xew York.
1744 King George's war begun.
1745 Louisburg captured by the English, June 28.
1748 King George's war ended, October 18.
1753 Washington sent with a letter from Dinwiddle, October 31.
1754 Washington delivered St. Pierre's reply to Dinwiddle, December 11.
The battle of Great Meadows, May 28.
Congress of Commissioners met at Albany, June.
The battle of Fort Xecessity, July 4.
1755 French expelled from Xova Scotia by Moncton, June.
Braddock's defeat at the battle of Monongahela, July 9.
The British defeated by Dieskau, near Lake (ieorge, September 8.
Dieskau defeated by the British at Lake George, September 8.
1756 Great Britain declared war against France, ^lay 17.
France declared war against Great Britain. June 9.
The French, under Montcalm, captured Oswego, August 14.
Indians defeated at Kittaning, Sei)tember 8.
1757 Fort William Henry suri-eiidered to Montcalm. August 9.
The massacre at Fort William Henry. August 10.
1758 Lord Howe killed in a skirmish at Ticonderoga, July 6.
Abercrombie repulsed by Montcalm at Ticonderoga, July 8.
Louisburg taken by Amherst and Wolfe, July 26.
Fort Frontenac surrendered to the English, August 27.
(xrant defeated by Aubry, near Fort Duquesne. September 21 .
1759 Ticonderoga and Crown Point abandoned by the French.
Xiagara surrendered to the English, under Johnson, July 25.
Battle of Montmorenci, July 31.
Battle of the Plains of Abraham. Sej)tember 13.
Quebec surrendered to the English, September 18.
1760 The F"rench attempted the recovery of Quebec, April 28.
Montreal and the whole of Canada surrendered to the English, Sep-
tember 8.
1763 The Peace of Paris between Great Britain and France, February 10,
CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 23
1763 Florida ceded to Great Bi'itaiii by Spain, Fe1)ruary 10.
1765 The Stamp Act })assed by the Britisli Pai-lia-ineiit, March 8.
A Colonial Congress met at New York, October 7.
1766 The Stamj) Act repealed by the British Parliament, March 1<S.
1767 A bill imi)osing duties on glass, 2)aper, etc., passed June 2i}.
1768 A body of British troops arrived at Boston, September 27.
1770 " The Boston Massacre,'-' March 5.
All duties, except on tea, repealed by Parliament, April 12.
1773 The cargoes of tea at Boston thrown overboard, December 16.
1774 "Boston Port Bill" passed by Parliament, March.
" The First Continental Congress '' met at Philadelphia, Septembers.
Declaration of Eights, November 4.
1775 The battle of Lexington April 19.
The Revolution; battle of Lexington, April 19; perpetual Union
of colonies. May 20; Washington appointed Commander in-Chiof,
in May; Marshal of France, by King Louis, in July, 1776.
The five sons of Maurice O'Brien made the first naval capture.
Ticonderoga taken l)y the Americans, May 10; Bunker Hill, defeat
of Americans — British lost 1,054, Americans lost 453.
Captain John Barry received the first naval commission.
Washington takes comnumd at Cambridge, July 3; Continental fast,
.Tuly 20; Falmouth burned by Bi-itish, October 17; Montreal sur-
rendered to .Montg(nnery, November 13; Battle of Quebec, Decem-
ber 31.
1776 Norfolk destroyed by British, .Tainniry 1; Bostcni evacuated by Brit-
ish, March 17; Battle of Fort .Moultrie, South Carolina, June 28.
The Americans took possession of Dorchester Heights, March 17;
Washington arrived at New York, Api'il 14; Battle of Long Isl-
and, August 27; New York abandoned by the Americans, Septem-
ber 15; Battle of Fort Washington, New York, November 16;
Fort Lee, New Jersey, taken by British, November 18; (leneral
Lee taken prisoner, Deceml)er 13.
Independence declared, July 4; commissioners to solicit the aid of
the French.
Battle of Brooklyn, August 27; Howe lost 2,000, but succeeded in
defeating Sullivan and Putnam, who lost oidy 400; New York
evacuated by Americans; Battle of White Plains, October 28;
Howe lost 300 or 400, but defeats Washington; Washington re-
treated beyond the Delaware, November 28.
Congress adjourned to Baltimore, December 12. Battle of Trenton,
December 26; Washington defeats Rahl; the Americans lost nine
men, the Fnglish 1,000.
1777 Battle near Princeton, January 3; Americans lost 100; Mayhood's
English command was defeated and lost 400.
Battle of Bennington; Stark lost 100; but defeats Baiim ami Bre-
men's English commands, and kills 600 of the enemy.
Battle of Brandy wine, September 11; Howe defeats the Americans.
Philadelphia possessed by the British, September 27; Battle of
(Jermantown, October 4; defeat of Washington l)y Howe. The
battle of Stillwater; l^urgoyjie defeated by Ciates, October 7. Sar-
atoga, October 17; Burgoyne surrenders with 5,752 men.
On April 25, Lafayette landed at the little port of Georgetown, at
the mouth of the Great Pee Dee river in South Cai'olina; and
24 INTRODUCTION.
from that day forward the career of Marie Jeau Paul Koch Yves
Gilbert Motier, Marquis De Lafayette, has held a place in the his-
tory of America, and in the interest and affection of the Ameri-
can people.
1778 Treaty with France, February 6. Jnne 18, Philadelphia evacuated
by British. June 28, battle of Monmouth; Americans defeat
their enemies.
The French troops under Count d'Estaing, with twelve ships-of-the
line and six frigates, arrived in July. Counts, Dillon, Mac^Iahou,
Walshe, Koche, Lafayette. Kochambeau were among the officers.
Battle of Khode Island, August 21»; Sullivan defeats Pigott.
Savannah taken by British, December 29. New Haven plundered
by the British."^ Wyoming massacre, July 3. Cherry Valley
massacre.
1779 The battle of Stony Ferry, South Carolina, June 20.
Tryon's third expedition against Connecticut, July.
The battle of Stony Point, New York, July 15.
British garrison at Paulus Hook surprised by Lee, July 19.
The battle of the Penobscot, Maine, August 13.
Sullivan's expedition against the Indians.
" The Battle of the Chemung," New York, August 29.
Savannah besieged by the French and Americans, September, Octo-
ber.
Paul Jones' naval battle off the coast of England, September 23.
D'Estaing and Lincoln repulsed at Savannah, October 9.
1780 Charleston besieged by the British, April, May.
The battle of Monk's Corner, South Carolina, April 14.
Charleston surrendered to the British, May 12.
The battle of Waxhaw, South Carolina, May 29.
The battle of Springfield, New Jersey, June 23 .
French Fleet arrived at Newport, Rhode Island. July 10.
The battle of Rocky Mount, South Carolina, July 30.
The battle of Hanging Rock, South Carolina, August 6.
The battle of Sanders' Creek, South Carolina, August IG.
The battle of Fishing Creek, South Carolina, August 18.
Arnold's treason.
Andre executed as a spy at Tajtpan, New York, October 2.
The battle of King's Mountain, South Carolina, October 7.
The battle of Fishdam Ford, South Carolina, November 12.
The battle of Blackstocks, South Carolina, November 20.
1781 Revolt of the Pennsylvania troops, January 1.
The battle of the Cowpens, >Jouth Caroliiux, January 17.
The revolt of New Jersey troops, January 18.
Arnold's depredation in Virginia, January.
Cornwallis's pursuit of Morgan and (Jreene, January, Fel)ruary.
The battle of Guilford Court House, North Carolina, March 10.
Articles of Confederation ratified by the States.
The battle of Hobkirk Hill, South Carolina, April 25.
Siege of Ninety-six by General (h-eene. May, Jnne.
The battle of Ninety-six, South Carolina, June 18.
Colonel Hayne executed by the British, at Charleston, July 31.
Arnold's expedition against Coniu'cticnt, September.
The battle of Fort Griswold, Connecticut, September G.
CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 25
1781
The battle of Eutaw Springs, South Carolina, September S.
The siege of Yorktown, Virginia. Oetol)er.
The surrender of Cornwallis, at Yorktown, October 11).
1782 Preliminary articles of peace signed at Paris, November 30.
1783 Cessation of hostilities proclaimed in the American army, April 111.
Savannah, Georgia, evacuated by the British, July 11.
Definite treaty of peace signed at Paris, September 3.
American army disbanded by orders of Congress, November 3.
New York evacuated by the British. November 2").
Charleston, South Carolina, evacuated by the British, December 14.
Washington resigns his commission, December 23.
1785 John Adams, ambassador to England.
1787 Shay's Eebellion, in Massachusetts.
Constitution of the United States agreed on by the convention of
delegates at Philadelphia, September 17.
Cotton introduced into Georgia.
1788 Ratification of Constitution by all States excejjt Khode Island and
North Carolina.
1789 The first Congress under the Constitution met at New York.
March 4.
Washington inaugurated President of the United States, April 30.
1790 Harmar defeated by the Indians, in Indiana, October 17, 22.
1791 United States bank established at Philadeljihia. ,
Vermont admitted into the Union, March 4.
St. Clair defeated by the Indians, in Ohio, November 4.
1792 Kentucky admitted into the Union, June 1.
1793 The difficulties with France.
1794 Wayne defeated by the Indians, on the Maumee, August 20.
'• Whiskv Insurrection" in Pennsylvania.
1795 '•' Jay's treaty " with Great Britain ratified, June 24.
Treaties with the Western Indians, Spain and Algiers.
179G Tennessee admitted into the Union, June 1.
1797 John Adams inaugurated President of the United States, March 4.
1799 The death of Washington. December 14.
1800 The seat of govei'nment removed to Washington.
Treaty of peace concluded with France, September 30.
1801 Thomas Jefi'erson inaugurated President, March 4.
War declared against the United States by Tripoli, June 10.
1802 Ohio admitted into the Union, November 29.
1803 Louisiana purchased of France. April 30.
(^ommodore Preble sent against Trijioli.
1804 The frigate Philadelphia destroyed by Decatur, February 15.
The duel between Hamilton and Burr. July 11.
1805 Derne. a Tripolitan city, captured by Eaton, April 27.'
Treaty of peace concluded with Tripoli, June 3.
180fi British blockade from the Elbe to Brest declared. May 1*!.
Bonaparte issued his "'Berlin Decree" November 21.
1807 liritish " Orders in Council '" ])rohibited coast trade with France,
January 7.
American frigate Chesapeake attacked by the Leoi)ard. June 22.
British armed vessels ordered to leave the United Stales. July.
British " Orders in Council" prohibited all trade with France ami
her allies, November 11.
26 INTRODUCTION.
1807 Aaron Burr tried for treason, and acquitted, September.
Bonaparte issued his ''Milan Decree," December 17.
Embargo on American ships laid by Congress. December 22.
1809 Commerce with Britain and France interdicted by Congress,
March 1.
James Madison inaugurated President, March 4.
1811 Action between the frigate President and Little Belt. May IG.
Battle of Tippecanoe, Indiana, November 7.
1812 Louisiana admittted into the Union. April 8.
War against Great Britain proclaimed by the United States,
June 19.
Invasion of Canada by General Hull, July 12.
Surrender of Fort Mackinaw, Michigan, July 17.
'j'he first battle of Brownstown, Michigan. August 5.
The second battle of Brownstown. August 9.
Surrender of Detroit, Michigan, by General Hull, August 16.
British sloo}) Alert taken by the frigate Essex, August lo.
British frigaie Guerriere taken by the Constitution, August 19.
The battle of Queenstown, C-anada, October 13.
British brig Frolic taken by the Wasp, October 18.
British frigate Macedonian taken by the United States, October 25.
British frigate Java taken by the Constitution, December 29.
1813 The battle of Frenchtown, Michigan. January 22.
British brig Peacock taken by the Hornet, February 24.
31adison commenced a second presidential terin, March 4.
The battle of York, Canada. April 27.
Fort Meigs, on the Maumee, besieged by Proctor, May 1.
The battle of Fort Meigs, Ohio, May 5.
Fort George, Canada, taken by the Americans, May 27.
The battle of Sackett's Harbor, New York, May 29,
American frigate Chesapeake taken by the Shannon, June 1.
The battle of Fort Stephenson, Ohio, August 2.
American brig Argus taken by the Pelican, August 14.
Creek AVar commenced by the massacre at Fort Mims, August 30.
British brig Boxer taken by the Enterprise, September 5.
Perry^s victory on Lake Erie, September 10.
The battle of the Thames, Canada, October 5.
The battle of Chrysler's Field, Canada, November 11.
1814 The battle of Tohopeka, the last of the Creek War, March 27.
American frigate Essex taken by the Phoebe and Cherub, March 28.
The battle of La Colle Mill, Canada, March 30.
British brig Epei'vier taken by the Peacock. April 29.
British sloop Keindeer taken by the American sloop Wasp, June 28.
Fort Erie captured by the Americans, July 3.
The battle of Chippewa, Canada, July 5.
The battle of Lundy's Lane, or Bridgewater, Cana<la, July 2o.
The first battle of Fort Erie, Canada, August 15.
The battle of liladensburg, Maryland. August 24.
The city of Washington taken by the British, August 24.
British sloop Avon taken by the American sloop Wasp, September 1.
McDonough's victory on Lake Champlain, September 11.
The battle of Plattsburg, New York, September 11.
The battle of North Point, Maryland, September 12,
CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 27
1814 The battle of Fort McHenry, :\raiTl:uid, September 13.
The battle of Fort Bowyer, Alalxuiia. 8epteml)er 15.
The second battle of Fort Frie, Canada, September 17.
The British driven f rom Pensacola by General Jackson, November 7.
The battle on Lake Borgne, Louisiana, December 14.
Hartford Convention, December.
The battle nine miles from New Orleans, December 23.
Treaty of peace between the United States and Great Britain. De-
cember 24.
1815 The battle of New Orleans, January 8.
American frigate President captured by a British squadron, Jan-
uary 15.
The Cayanne and Levant taken by the Constitution, Febi'uary 20.
Tlie British brig Penguin taken by the Hornet, March 23.
War with Algiers declared by Congress, March.
Commodore Decatur sent against Algiers, May.
181(i Bank of United States re-chartei'ed for twenty years, April 10.
Indiana admitted into the Union, December 11.
1817 James ]\Ionroe iuangurated President, Marcli 4.
Mississip]n admitted into the Union, December 10.
The Seminoles and Creeks commenced depredations.
1818 General Jackson went against the hostile Indians, March.
Pensacola seized by General Jackson, May 24.
Illinois admitted into the Union, December 3.
1810 Alabama admitted into the Union, December 14.
1820 Maine admitted into the Union, March 15.
Florida cedcil to the United States by Spain, October.
1821 Missouri admitted into the Union. August 10.
1824 Lafayette visited the United States. August.
1825 John Quincy Adams inaugurated President, ]\Iarch 4.
182G Death of the two ex-presidents. Adams and Jefferson, July 4.
1829 Andrew Jackson inaugurated President, March 4.
1831 Death of ex- President Monroe, Jiilv 4.
1832 "The Black Hawk War." "Nullification" in South Carolina.
1833 Eemoval of tlie government funds from the United States Bank,
October.
1835 War with the Seminoles commenced.
General Thompson and friends massacred by the Seminoles, Decem-
ber 28.
Major Dade and party massacred by the Seminoles, December 28.
1836 Arkansas admitted into the Union, June 15.
1837 Michigan admitted into the Union, January 26.
Martin Van Buren inaugurated President, March 4.
The battle of Okechobee, Florida, December 25.
1841 William Henry Harrison inaugurated President, March 4.
Death of William Henry Harrison, April 4.
John Tyler inaugurated President, April (i.
1842 The war with the Seminoles termin;ited.
The "Dorr Rebellion" in Rhode Island.
1845 Joint resolutions for the annexation of Texas signed. March 1.
James K. Polk inaugurated President, March 4.
Florida admitted into the Union, March 3.
Texas admitted into the Union, December 29.
28 INTRODUCTION.
1840 'riiornton's part}' captured b}' the Mexicans, Texas, April 26.
Fort Brown bombarded bv the Mexicans, Mav.
The battle of Palo Alto, Texas, May 8.
The battle of Kesaca de la Palma, Texas, May 9.
Congress declared "war existed by the act of Mexico." May 11.
Taylor crossed the Eio Grande and took Matamoras, May 18.
Monterey, Mexico, surrendered to General Taylor. September '24.
The battle of Bracito, Mexico, December 25.
Iowa admitted to the Union, December 28.
1847 The battle of Buena Vista, Mexico, February 23.
The battle of Sacramento, Mexico, February 28.
The surrender of Vera Cruz to General Scott, March 27.
The battle of Cerro Gordo, Mexico, April 18.
The battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mexico, August 20.
The battle of Molina del Key, Mexico, September 8.
The battle of Chapultepec, Mexico, September 13.
The city of Mexico entered by the Americans, nnder Scott, Septem-
ber 14.
The battle of Huamantla, Mexico, October 9.
1848 Treaty of peace signed at Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2.
Wisconsin admitted into the Union, May 29.
1849 Zacharv Taylor inaugurated President, March 5.
1850 The death of President Taylor, July 9.
Millard Fillmore inaugurated President, July 10.
California admitted into the Union, September 9.
1853 Franklin Pierce inaugurated President, March 4.
1854 "Kansas-Nebraska Bill " passed, June.
1857 James Buchanan inaugurated President, March 4.
1858 Minnesota admitted into the Union, May 11.
1859 Oregon admitted into the Union, February 14.
John Brown's raid into Virginia, October 16.
1860 Secession ordinance passed by South Carolina, December 20.
1861 Secession of ^Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana,
Texas, Virginia, Arkansas and North Carolina declared.
Steamer Star of the West, off Charleston, fired into, January 9.
Kansas admitted into the Union, January 29.
"Southern Confederacy" formed at ^Montgomery, Alabama, Febru-
ary 4.
Jefferson Davis inaugurated President of the Confederacy. February
18. _
Abraham Lincoln inaugurated President of the United States,
March 4.
Fort Sumter attacked by the Confederates, April 12, 13.
President Lincoln calls for 75.000 troojDs, April 15.
Volunteer troops attacked in Baltimore. April 19.
The President issues a second call for troops. May 4.
Confederate victory at Big Bethel, Virginia, June 10.
Union victory at Romney, Virginia, June 11.
Union victory at Booneville, Missouri, June 17.
Meeting of Congress in extra session, July 4.
Battle of Carthage, Missouri, July 5.
Battle of Rich ^Mountain, Virginia. July 11.
Battle near Centreville, Virginia, July i8.
CHRONOLOGY OF THE UNITED STATES. 29
1801 Confedenite Congress meets at Riclimond, July 30.
Battle of Bull Run, Virginia, July 21.
Battle of Dug .Spring, Missouri, August 2.
Battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri, August 10.
Forts Hatteras and Clark, North Carolina, captured, August 29.
Confederates take Lexington. Missouri. September 20.
Battle of Edwards' Ferry, or Ball's Bluff, Virginia, October 21.
Capture of Port Royal, entrance by Union fleet, November 7.
Battle of Belmont, Missouri, November 7.
Mason and Slidel taken from English steamer, November 8.
1S(;2 Battle of Mill Spring, Kentucky, January 19.
Fort Henry c-apiured l)y I^nion fleet, February (J.
Roanoke Island captured by Union forces, February 8.
Fort Donelson cajitured by Union forces, February l(i.
Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 6, 8.
United States vessels, (!ongress and Cumbei'hind sunk by the Merri-
mac, March 8.
Engagement between the Monitor and Merrimac, March 9.
Newbern, North C^arolina, cai)tured by Union trooj)S. March 14.
Battle of Winchester, Virginia, March 23.
Battle of Pittsburg Landing, or Sliiloh. Tennessee, April (i, 7.
Capture of Island No. 10, Mississippi river, April 7.
Fort Pulaski, (leorgia, captured by Union fleet, April 11.
New Orleans captui-ed by Union forces, April 25.
Battle of Williamsburg. Virginia, May 5.
Norfolk, Virginia, suri'endered to the Unionists, May 10.
CoJifederates retreat from Corinth, Mississippi, May 28, 29.
Battle of Seven Pines or Fair Oaks, May 31, June 1.
Memphis, Tennessee, surrendered to the Unionists, June 0.
Seven days' contest on the Virginia peninsula, June 25 to July I.
The President calls for 300. (I0() luore troops, July 1.
Battle of Cedar Mountain, Virginia, August 9.
Pope's battles between ^lamissas and Washington. August 23-30.
Battle near Richmond, Kentucky. August 30.
Invasion of Maryland by Lee's army. September 5.
Battle of South Mountain, Maryland, September 14.
llai-i)er's Ferry surreiulered to the Confederates, Se})tember 15.
Battle of Antietam, Maryland, Sei)tendier 17.
Battle of Munfordsville, Kentucky, September 17.
Battle of luka. Mississi[)])i, September 19.
Battl^i of Corinth, Mississi})pi, October 4.
Battle of Perryville, Kentucky, October 8.
Battle of Fredericksbui'g, Virginia, December 13.
Union repulse at Vicksburg, Mississippi. I)ecend)er 29.
Battle of Stone Iiiver, or Murfreesboro', Tennessee, Deceiidx'r 31.
1803 The President's Emancipation Proclamation issued, January 1.
Biittle of Murfreesboro' resumed and ended, January 2.
Arkansas Post ca])tui'e(l by Union forces, January 11.
Bombardment of Fort Sumter. South Carolina, Ai)i'il 7.
Union cavalry raid, under Crierson, in Mississippi, Ai)rii.
Battle at Port Oilison, Mississippi, May 1.
Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, May 2, 3.
Battle of Raymond, Mississippi, May 12.
30 ■ INTKODUCTION.
18H3 Union victory near Jackson. Mississippi, May 1-4.
liattle of Champion Hill. Mississi})])i; Montana organized. May 16.
Battle at Big Black River. Mississipi)i, May 17.
Second invasion of Maryland by Lee's army, June.
West Virginia admitted into the Union, June 20.
Battle of Gettysburg. Pennsylvania, July 1,3.
Vicksburg surrendered by the Confederates, July 4.
Port Hudson surrendered by the Confederates. July 8.
Great riot in ]Sew York, July 13, 10.
Morgan defeated near Kyger's Creek. Ohio, July 31.
Morgan captnred near New Libson. Ohio, July 2G.
Fort Wagner, South Carolina, captured by Union troops, September 6.
Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia, September 19, 20.
Knoxville. Tennessee, invested by the Confederates, November 18.
Union victory at Lookout Mountain, Georgia, November 24.
Union victory at Mission Ridge, Georgia, November 25.
Union victory at Knoxville, Kentucky, November 29.
1864 The President orders a draft for more men, February 1.
Battle of Olustee, Florida, February 20.
Grant created Lieutenant-General, March 3.
Fort De Russy. Louisiana, captured l)y Union troops. March 14.
Battle of Cane River, Louisiana, ^March 26.
Battle of Mansiield. or Sal)ine Cross Roads. Louisiana, A})ril 8.
Battle of IMeasant Hill. Louisiana. April 9.
Fort Pillow, Tennessee, captured by the Confederates. April 12.
Plymouth, North Carolina, surrendered to the Confederates, April 20.
Army of the Potomac commenced a forward movement, May 3.
Battle of the Wilderness. Virginia, May 5. 7.
]\Iarcli from Chattanooga against Atlanta commenced. May 8.
Battle near Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia, May 7, 12.
Battle of Resaca, Georgia. May 15.
Battle of Newmarket, Vii'ginia, May 15.
Army of the Potomac crossed to south side of the James, June 14.
Battle between the Kearsarge and Alabama, June 19.
Invasion of Maryland by Farly's army, July 5.
Battle of Monocacy. Maryland, July 9.
The President calls for five hundred thousand volunteers, July 18.
Battles before Atlanta. Georgia, July 20, 22, 28.
Chambersburo". Pennsvlvania. sacked and burned. Julv 30.
Fxplosion of mine and Union rej)uloe at Petersburg. July 30.
Confederates defeated in Mobile Bay. Alabama, August 5.
Wei don railroad seized by Union troops, August 18.
Atlanta. Georgia, captured by L^nion army. September 2.
Battle of AVinchester. Virginia, September 19.
Battle of Fisher's Hill, Virginia, September 22.-
Battle of Cedar Creek. Virginia. October 19.
Confederate ram Albemarle destroyed by torpedo. October 4.
Plymouth, North Carolina, recaptured by Union troops. October 31 .
Nevada admitted into the Union, October 31.
Battle of Franklin, Tennessee, November 30.
Battle near Nashville, Tennessee, December 16.
Savannah, Georgia, cajitured by Union army, December 21.
1865 Fort Fisher, North Carolina, ca])tured January 15.
CHKONDHMiV (;F TllK UNITED STATES. 31
1865 Constitutional Amendment abolishing slavery, January 31.
Columbia. South Caroliiui, cai)tured, February 17.
Charleston. South Carolina, captured by Union troops, February liS.
Wilmington, North Carolina, captured bv Union troops, February
22.
Battle of Bentonville, North Carolina, ]\larch 10, 20.
Battle near ([olds])oro', North Carolina, March 21.
Battle of Fort Steadman, Virginia, March 25.
Petersburg and Richmond ca])tured, April 3.
Surrender of Lee's army, April 9.
Mobile, Alabama, captui-ed by Union forces, April 13.
President Lincoln assassinated, April 14.
Andrew Johnson inaugurated l^resideut. A|iril 15.
Surrender of Johnston's army, April 2G.
Jett'erson Davis captured in Georgia, May 10.
Close of the Gi'eat Bebellion ; hist battle at mouth of liio Grande,
May 12, 13.
Slavery declared abolished, December 18.
1867 Nebraska admitted into the Union, March 1.
Alaska purchased from Bussia for *7, 200.000. June 20.
1868 The House of liepresentatives impeached President Johnson, Febru-
ary 24.
The President was declared acquitted. April 26.
1861) Ulvsses S. Grant imiugurated Pi-esident, March 4.
1871 The "• Alabama Treaty '' was concluded. May 8.
The great fire of C-hicago occurred, ()ctol)er 0, 10.
1873 Second Chicago tire.
1876 The Centennial Anniversai'V of American Independence.
The " World's Fan- " in Ph'iladeli)hia, May 10 to Novembei- 10.
Colorado admitted into the Union. August 1.
1877 Rutherford B. Hayes inaugurated President, March 5.
1881 James A. Garfield inaugurated President. March 4.
James A. Garfield shot hy Charles J. Guiteau. at Washington, July 2.
James A. Gai'field died at Long Branch, Septeml)er 1!».
Chester A. Arthur inaugurated President, September 20.
1882 'J'he Two Cents Postage^Bill introduced, December 8.
1883 Centennial of the evacuation of New York by the l^ritish, Novem-
ber 26, following the capture of Coniwallis at Yorktown.
1884 James G. Blaine, the Republican nominee for president, defeated.
A small majority giving New York State to G rover Cleveland, the
nominee of the democratic party.
1885-6 The "Canadian Fisheries" and the "Cutting Affair" claimed
some attention from the State Department. The press and people
prevented a wanton attack on the sister republic of Mexicto.
PART II.
CHRONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS.
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[TE origin of tlie name Illincjis is variously credited. Some
persons maintain that the early French explorers called it
/.s/e a'fi,e JVois or JVut hiau(h while others are equally
certain that the aborigines applied the name niini or Land
of tixiperior Men. The first ]:)arty state that, while the
ex])lore7's were en yoxte down the Mississi])pi, they camped
on an island covered with a heavy growth of pecan trees,
and there gfave this name to the countrv. The second
party give the authority of Algonquin annals for the word
Tl'tnrw(>l\ meaning men, and also quote the Otciiijiwe and C-ree adajita-
tion of the word Jnln'ncol' and Itjlntiri)l\ as a})j>lied to the })rairie Indians
in the same manner as Chicagok was ap]ilied to the red settlers along
C/hicago river and their neighl)orli()()(l. This latter definition is accepted
with very just reason ; for the once ])()wei'ful confedeiacy of tlie Illinois
was in truth a race of superior Indians. This confederacy comprised
the Tamaroas, Michigans, Kaskaskias, (Jahokas and Peorias, with
representatives of the Miamis and Delawares, wiio, l^etween 1670 and
1675 retur'ned from the West and settled in this State. Some years
]>rior to ir>7<», in HJSS, those tribes inhabited the country south of lakes
Erie and JMichigan, but were driven westward beyond the Mississippi
by the Iroquois, where their eight towns stood in 1670, when Father
Manjuette visited St. Es])rit, on Lake Superior. In 1673 Marcpiette
and .foliet met them here, and two years later the former established
the Mission of the Immaculate Conce])tion among them at Kaskaskia,
seven miles below the present town of Ottawa. Four years after the
establishment of this mission, in 1671>, La Salle found at least six thou-
sand persons tlierc^ and four hundred and sixty lodges; and there they
resided until the Pottawatomie war. when the power of the confederacy
was shattered at Starved P,ock. The Sacs and Foxes inhabited the
northwestern part of this State, and in later years became notorious as
the allies of tlie Eno'lish. In 1S32 there were twelve Sac families and
eight Foxes; while Kickapoos, Shawnees, Mascoulins, J^iankishaws,
Pottawatomies, Otchipwes and Ottawas were represented in other })arts
of the State, as related in the histoiy of tlie county.
1055 First li'oquois Invasion of Illinois.
1671 Exploration by Nicholas Perrot.
]67Si Exploration by Fathers Allouez and Pablon.
32
CHRONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 33
1G73 Return of the Illinois tribes.
Exploration by Louis Joliet.
Exploration by Father Mar()uette.
Marquette's A'oyage up the Illinois and Desplaines Rivers.
1674 Establishment of the Mission of the Immaculate Conception near
Utica. La Salle county.
1675 Death of Marquette. May IS.
1680 Fathers Ribourde and Membre at Starved Rock.
Chevalier La Salle takes possession of Illinois for France.
La Salle at Lake Peoria, January 3.
La Salle returned to Fort Frontenac (Canada.)
Henry Tonti. the Italian, and fifteen men at Fort Crevecoeur.
Second Invasion of Illinois by the Irocpiois.
Father Louis llennepin left Fort Crevecanir in February for the
Uppei' Mississippi .
Father Riboui'de murdere<l by Kickapoo Iiulians.
1680 Authony Au([uel and Michael Ake explored the Illinois river country.
Tonti retui'ued to (Ireen Bay.
Annihilation of the Illinois and Tamaroas by the Iroquois.
La Salle returned to Illinois.
1682 Building of Fort St. Louis.
La Salle descended the Mississippi, and named the country Louisiana.
1682-7La Salle visited France; brought out a colony to the Gulf States;
explored New Mexico.
1687 La Salle and twenty men left Fort St. Louis (Matagorda Bay) for
Illinois, January 12.
Assassination of La Salle's nephew by Du Ilaut and Leotat, en route
to Illinois.
Assassination of La Salle by Du Haut and Leotat.
168- Tonti's expedition in search of La Salle and colonists.
1689 Execution of Du Haut and Leotat, the assassins.
1690 The Mission of the Immaculate Conception removed from Old Kas-
kaskia. or Fort St. Louis, on the Illinois river, to Kaskaskia, six
miles above the mouth of the Kaskaskia river.
1690-lSettlement of Cahokia, five miles below St. Louis city, near mouth
of Cahokia.
1698 Kaskaskia founded by Rev. Father Gravier. Father Pinet at Ca-
hokia.
1712 M. Crozat, of Paris, granted a monopoly of trade in Illinois.
1717 Settlement of St. Philip, forty-five miles from Cahokia.
Philip Renault, 1719.
M. Crozat surrendered his charter. Company of the West organized.
1718 Settlement of Fort Chartres, twelve miles above Kaskaskia, by Mis-
sissippi Company .
Settlement of Kaskaskia, six miles above confluence of Kaskaskia
and Mississippi.
Settlement of Prairie du Rocher, near Fort Chartres.
1720 Philip Renault introduced Negro slaves into Illinois.
1730 Total population of settlements: 1*0 French families, 200 French
traders. 600 converted Indians.
1750 Father Vivier preaching to the Illinois tribes. He places the popu-
lation of the five French villages at 1,100 whites, 300 blacks, and
60 red savages. The three Indian villages did not then contain
34 INTKODUCTION.
more than 800 souls, all tokl. There was not a settlement between
the Arkansas and Illinois rivers at that date.
1765 The French flag replaced by the British flag on Fort Ohartres, Octo-
ber 10.
Pontiac and two hundred French families settled on the Kankakee,
near Wilmington,
1769 Pontiac assassinated by Illinois Chief at Joliet Mound after the
Council. Extermination of the Illinois.
1773 The Illinois Land Company organized. Purchased lands from the
Peorias and Kaskaskias.
1775 The French trader Viviat organized the Wabash Land Company of
Virginia, aided by Pere M. Clibault, July 4, Total defeat of the
British,
1776 Shabbonee bom near Wilmington, Illinois,
1778 La Ville de Meillet founded near Lake Peoria.
Capture of Kaskaskia by the Americans under Colonel George Kogers
Clarke.
M. Clibault negotiates for the surrender of Vincennes, tlie establish-
ment of American courts, etc.
Establishment of the county of Illinois in October. John Todd ap-
pointed Lieutenant-Commander by Patrick Henry, December 12.
1779 Surrender of the l^ritish Grovernor and General Hamilton (the hair-
buyer) to General Clarke, February.
1780 The Illinois and AA'abash Land Companies consolidated,
1784 Virginia ceded all her territory north of the Ohio to the United
States, when a territorial form of government was instituted,
1787 Ordinance for the government of the Northwestern Territory,
Major-General Arthur St, Clair appointed Governor by Congress,
Illinois a county of Indiana Territory.
1796 J. V>. Poiute au Sable, a resident of Chicago.
Old Peoria abandoned.
1804 Building of Fort Dearborn at Chicago.
Treaty with Sacs and Foxes.
1805 First mail route (Vincennes to Cahokia) established.
1809 The Territory of Illinois organized. John Boyle, of Kentucky, ap-
pointed Governor by President Madison. Boyle declined this
})osition, when it was offered to Ninian Edwards.
St, Clair and Eandolph counties only political divisions of Ter-
ritory,
1811 Peace Convention with Pottawatomies at Peoria.
Battle of Tippecanoe, November 7.
1812 Building of Fort Russell, near the present village of Edwardsville.
Massacre of Fort Dearborn, August 16.
Governor Edwards' militia attack the Pottawatomie village at Peoria,
August. Captain Craig burned Peoria, November.
1813 General Howard's command of nine hundred men build Fort Clarke,
at Peoria.
1814 Illinois Herald established at Kaskaskia.
Governor Clarke's expedition up the Mississip])i.
The Sixty-sixth Illinois Rangers' terrific figiit near Rock Island.
Major Taylor, Captains Rector and Whiteside attack the English
and Indians near Rock river. Defeat of the Americans,
Peace of Ghent, December 24.
CHKONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 35
1816 Treaty of St. Louis. Lands between Illinois and Mississij)pi rivers
ceded.
1818 Fort Clarke destroyed by fire.
Territorial Legislature petitioned Congress for admission as a State
in January.
Tbe Enabling Act was passed April IS.
Convention of Kaskaskia, July.
Illinois admitted, December 3.
Change of northern boundary so as to secure Chicago.
Adoption of whipping, stocks, pillory, and gibbet for punishment
of criminals.
First State election. Shadrack Bond, Governor ; Pierre Mesnard,
Lieutenant-governor.
1819 Peoria reoccupied and settled by American citizens.
A^andalia. tlie seat of government. (Removed to Springfield in
1837.)
1820 Reverend J. M. Peck was the first educated Protestant minister in
the State. He settled in St. Clair county.
1821 Appropriation of $10,000 by State Legishiture for survey of Illinois
and Michigan canal.
Incorporation of the Bank of Illinois.
Henry R. Schoolcraft and party at Fort Joliet.
1822 The slavery and anti-slavery questions raised for election purposes.
1824 Direct mail route from Vandalia to Springfield ; and to Chicago in
1832.
Aggregate vote polled, 11,612.
The proposition to make Illinois a slave State defeated at the polls
by 1,800 votes.
1825 Lafayette accepted invitation of Assembly and visited Kaskaskia in
February.
Bills for the support of schools and construction of roads by pub-
lic tax passed.
1826 Sanganash, or Billy Caldwell, appointed Justice of Peace of Peoria
cou nty .
Congress granted 800,000 acres of land to the State to aid in build-
ing the canal.
1827 Winnebago War under Chief Red Bird. General Cass, of Michigan,
visited Illinois.
1828 Line of Illinois and Michigan canal resurveyed.
The Methodist Ejuscopal college, Lebanon, established. First in
State.
1830 The legal rate of interest established. Previously 150 per centum
was reached.
1831 Criminal code adapted to penitentiary punishment.
Black Hawk established himself upon his disputed territory.
General Gaines, commanding 1,500 Illinois volunteers, destroyed the
Indian town, and forced Black Hawk's people to cede all lands east
of the ^Mississippi, and settle on the west side of the river.
1832 General Zachary Taylor, Abraham Lincoln, Jeff Davis and Lieu-
tenant Robert Anderson, at Dixon, Illinois, in re Black Hawk's
war.
Black Hawk recrossed the Mississi])pi to war on the whites.
Building of Fort Joliet.
3(5 INTRODUCTION.
183'^ (iovenior Keviiolds collected 1.800 volunteers under comnuind of
]ii-ig!i(lier-(ieueral Wliiteside. This command destroyed Prophets-
town, and })i-oceeded to join General Atkinson's division. The
flight from Stiliman's Kun was one of the comicalities of this war.
The assault on Apple Kiver fort. June, 183:2. Black Hawk and
150 wai'riors defeated by 25 men. (ienerals Henry and Atkinson
at the battle of Eock river. Three hundred savages killed and 50
made prisoners, iigainst 17 whites killed and 12 wounded. Black
Hawk and his special warriors, who escaped from the Rock river
affair, were captured by the Winnebagoes and handed over to
(ieneral Street. He was interned in Fortress Monroe with other
hostile Sacs, until June 4, 1833. when the chief and his party
were conveyed to Rock Island. Illinois, and there set at liberty.
He settled near Des Moines, Iowa. In 1838 this old ally of the
British died.
Massacre of the settlers on Indian ci'eek.
Rachel and Sylvia Hall captured by Indians. Ransom, 12,000
and a number of horses.
1833 Treaty of Chicago.
1834—5 Beginning of Governor Duncan's administration. Ajjpropriations
aggregating i|10,230,0()0 made by the State. Town lot fever.
Railroads for every man, or a money compensation. Legislators
magnificently reckless.
1834 First payment of annuity, at Chicago, under treaty of 1833, in
October.
1836 The construction of the Illinois and Michigan canal commenced.
1837 Elijah P. Lovejoy, Abolitionist, mobbed and killed at Alton, No-
vember 7.
1838 The first locomotive run on Northern Cross railroad. November 8.
Thomas Carlin elected Governoi', opposed by Cyrus Edwards, Whig.
1839 The Illinois Institute for Deaf and Dumb was founded, and the
buildings erected at Jacksonville in 1842.
1840 Settlement of the Mormons at Nauvoo.
Improvement laws rejiealed, after a debt of 115,000.000 was con-
tracted
1841
Arrest of Joe Smith, and his release by Judge Douglas.
Pirates of the Prairie before the law. The regulators administering
law
1842 Second arrest of Joe Smith and his escape.
Adam W. Snyder nominated for (governor; died previous to election,
when Thomas Ford was nominated to oppose Duncan.
T'he Mormon war. Joe Sniitli and Hiram Smith killed at Carthage.
End of Nauvoo Mormonism. Septembei", 1840. The action of
the Gentiles narrow and unconstitutional. The Mormon exiles
reached Salt Lake, July 21, 1847.
Woi'k on canal resumed l)y Illinois and Michigan Canal Com})any.
184(3 Nine regiments (8,370 men) answered the call for troops to serve
against Mexicans. Four regiments, or 3,720 men, accepted,
(ienerals James Shields, Baker, Coffey, Harris, Hardin. Bissell,
Houghton, McKee, are Uiirnes identified with this state in the
Mexican war.
1847 River and Harbor Coiiveiitioii at Chicago. Jnlv5.
State Constitutional Convention.
I~
CHRONOLOGY OF ILLINOIS. 3
1847 The Illinois Hospital for the Insane was established bv the act of
March 1, 1847.
1848 Opening of the Illinois and Michigan canal.
1850 The Galena railroad opened to Elgin.
1851 In 1851 the hospital buildings were commenced near Jacksonville.
1852-54 Railroad building era in the West.
1855 Chicago the focal point of 2,933 miles of railroad.
1858 The Chicago Eye and Ear Infirmary Association, in May. Was
ma<le a state institution in 1871.
1859 Selection of Lincoln's name for President at the Springfield caucus.
18G0 Abraham Lincoln elected President.
1801 Ten thousand volunteers offered before April 24. and -il^LOOO.Ono
tendered by patriotic citizens.
Captain Stokes and 700 men, of the Seventh Illinois Infantry, took
10,000 stand of arms from St. Louis arsenal.
1862 State Constitutional Convention.
18G5 T'he Asylum for Feeble-minded Children established by the act of
February 15.
First steel rail rolled in America at Chicago, May 25, 18(15.
Illinois was represented in her own regiments by 256,000 men, and
in other states by about 30,000 men.
Great State Fair at Chicago netted $25().0()0 for soldiers' aid and
military jmrposes.
1867 The Illinois Industrial University at Ilrbana was chartered.
1869 The Norther.. Asylum for the Insane was established at Elgin.
1870 State Constitutional Convention
1871 Chicago destroyed by fire, October 9. The mimber of buildings
burned was 17,450, and amount of direct loss, $190,000,000, of
which $44,000,000 returned from insurance.
State resumed control of Illinois and Michigan canah
The events since ISTl are of such a character as to come under the
head of ordinary news. The return of the Illinois and Michigan canal
into possession of the state, its cession by the state to the general gov
ernment, and the redemption of the ])nblic debt, or state bonds, form
the leading- events. The great strikes of 1877, 1886, and the anarchist
troubles at Chicago last year, while engaging nuich attentK)n troni the
]H'ess, did not affect the course of business materially. Among the
acts of the legislature, the most beneficent was tiiat regulating regis-
tration and voting at Chicago. Though sectional in its direct influ-
ence, it forms the entering wedge for equal justice tiiroughout the
state.
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DOCUMENTS AND BIOGRAPHY OF
STARK COUNTY.
CHAPTER I.
TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY.
TAPvK COUNTY is Iwunded on tlie north hy nenrvand Bu-
reau counties, on the south b\' Peoria county, on the west
by Henry and Knox counties and on the east by Bureau
and Marshall counties. The area is 288 square miles or
184,820 aci-es, of which 1S2,B5!) acres were snrveyed, and
180,125 acres assessed. The population in 1S8<» was 11,207,
increased in 1885 to over 12,000. Toulon, the seat of jus-
tice, is 14 miles from the southwest corner, 8-| miles from
the northwest corner, t>-| from the extreme northwest cor-
ner, 20|^ from the northeast corner, 20 miles from the south-
east corner, and 8 miles from the south line, on tlie line of
the R. I. & P. R. R. Wyoming, the leading commercial
town, is equally outside the geograpliical center, l)ut has
the advantages of two railroads, the R. I. & P. and the
C. B. it Q. bi-anch between Buda and liushville. Lafayette
is situated near the western county line, and Bradford near
the east line, each having railroad facilities. Duncan, Castle-
ton and Lombardville are villages on the C. B. ife Q., while
Wady Petra and Stark are on the R. I. Oc P. R. R. The villages of
Elmira, Osceola, Pleasant Green, Modena, Waldron, Camp Grove, Val-
ley, Slackwater, Starwano and West Jersey are without railroad facil-
ities.
The surface of the county is undulating, except in the neighbor
hood of Spoon river, where it is decidedly broken. Of the entire area,
no less than 173,711 acres were under cultivation in 1885, and it may
be said with truth that the total area offers one great fertile field of
wealth to the cultivator. Along the streams and around old Osceola
the primeval forest still stands, a reminder of the past. South of
Toulon, too, the old, old woods continue sentinel, but throughout the
county, the trees of fifty years ago have given place to ornamental
grove's of walnut, elm, maple, and, in a few instances, red and white
])ine. Osage orange hedges guard each field instead of the old rail
fence ; large and elegant residences have taken the place of the
43
44 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
pioneers' homes ; Avell-kept floAver and vegetable gardens are common
in the towns and villages, and are often seen in the country districts,
wliile the mown lawn, always jileasing to the eye. greets the traveler
in both town and country. Within tifty years this wilderness of waving
prairie has been transformed into one of the most beautiful garden
s]wts of Illinois. A few groves and the streams remain as landmarks
of the olden time.
Rivers and Streams. Spoon river has its head waters in
Xeponsett township. Bureau county, where the stream known
as "East Branch" rises, and in Kewanee township, Henry
county, where the "West l)ranch has its source. The east fork entere
Stark" county in three divisions, so to speak, the central stream
being known as Silver creek. The streams unite in section
10. Osceola, forming the East Branch. Hall creek flows into
it in the northwestern Cjuarter of section 22, and Cooper's Defeat
creek in the northeastern quarter of section 31. A confluence with
the West Branch is formed just north of the village of Modena in Tou-
lon township and thence to its estuary, the name Spoon river is ap-
plied. In Essex township it receives the united waters of two creeks,
flowing westward, known as Mud Run and Camping Pain and near the
village of Slackwater receives the waters of West Indian creek. From
this Spoon river flows through a tortuous channel to the parent Illi-
nois, Avhich it entei*s at Point Isabelle, opposite Havana. In the days
of the Indians it was known as " Feather River '" or Maquon. Its
present name is said to have Ijeen given by Dr. Davison, the hermit,
on account of a bayou resembling a spoon in the formation of its shores
near what is now the village of Waterford in Fulton countv.
Walnut creek has its source near Xekoma in Henry county, whence
it flows southeast to West Jersey township, and thence to its confluence
\vith Spoon river, just north of Rochester. Peoi'ia county. To the char-
acter of the trees founl along this stream is to be attributed its name.
Camping Run rises in Marshall county, east of Camp Grove, and
dates its name l)ack to ante-railroad days, when prairie schooners
anchored there, while their crews feasted round the camp flres.
Indian creek rises just northeast of Galva, winds like a trail
through Goshen. Toulon and Essex townships, and enters Spoon river
in section 2S, Essex. Prior to the negotiation of the treaty of Chi-
cago, a few Pottawattomie and mongrel Indian lodges were scattered
along its banks, owing to which fact the pioneers of the county gave it
this name. This creek is not to be confounded with Indian creek. La
Salle county, where the massacre of settlers, by the British Indians,
took place in 1832.
Cooper's Defeat creek may be called the east Ijranch of the East
Foi'k of Spoon river. It is a tributary of that stream, rising near Milo
in Bureau county, and flowing east through Osceola townshi]). except
for two miles where it wanders, as it were, through the nortiiern sec-
tions of Penn township. The name is credited to a leamster of the
surveying party, who never failed before to drive his hoi*ses across or
through a creek, until tliis point was reached, as related in sketch of
Penn township.
TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORV. 45
Muddy Run parallels ram])ino- Tlim. It also rises in Mai'shall
county, flows through the southern sections of Vallev townshi]) and
forms a confluence with (Janiping Run, near the nioutli of that stream
Jack creek is the name given to a small stream I'li lining eastward
to Spoon river, which it enters in the northwest quartei- of section 12,
Toulon township.
Fitch creek rises in Grove township, Knox county. Its various
feeders flow generally eastward, forming the main stream near the
west line of Goshen township, and watering the northwestern sections
of that township.
There are found in every division of the county numerous small
streams, some of which flow from springs. As noticed in the historv
of the townships, many ponds or miniature lakes are found through-
out the county.
Altitudes^ soil and tree^. — The altitudes are not very marked, vet it
is stated that in the neighhorhood of Lawn Ridge the highest elevation
in the State is reached. At Bradford, too, a decided elevation occurs.
Prof. E. W. Claypole's ])a])er on Buffalo and Chicago, read some
time ago before the American Association for the Advaiu'ement of
Science, contained a suggestion which goes to show what nari-ow
margins nature sometimes makes in her geogra})hical and geological
ai'rangements. It also shows what a narrow escape Ghicago has had
from a flood that would have revealed no friendly Ai-ai-at and that
would have discouraged the most resolute of doves on its quest for
terra-firma. The professor's statement in brief is tiiat the great lakes
are banked u])on a table land about r»00 feet above the sea, and that
the drainage flows over the dam at Black Rock, the lowest ])oint.
Hence a dam twenty-five feet high across the river at Black Rock
would be sufficient to tlii-ow the waters of the upper lakes into the
Mississippi by the Illinois river. The professor complacently stated
that the result of this would be to annihilate the St. Lawrence river,
make Buffalo the head of navio'ation. aiul Ghica<>'o the outlet. In
other words, the conditions of Chicago and Buffalo would have been
reversed had the rim of the basin at l)lack Rock been originally a few
feet higher.
A large portion of the county is prairie, but on account of the
numerous intersecting streams, the prairies usually contain but few
square miles of area. There are, however, some large prairies in
townshi])s 12 and 13, range 7. The soil is a common dark-colored
loam, and when properly drained and cultivated is everywhere ])ro-
ductive, except the '' barrens," a small ti'act of sandy soil. The subsoil
is usually a brown or yellow clay. The soil of* the timber lands along
the water-courses is usually of less depth and lighter in color. Along
the water courses comuKm oak, hickory, ash, maple, black walnut,
butternut, cottonwood, sycamore, coffee tree, buck-eye, box-elder, red
bud, wild ])lum, cherry and crab ajjple trees abound.
Eeonoiide (Jeologji. — Let us fancy ourselves visiting Stark county,
away back in the days when the foundations of the present coal beds
were made. What do we behold? An immense marsh stretching to the
horizon — a wilderness of reeds and weeds, and mosses, inhabited, if we
4r; HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
iimv SO speak, with amphibians, alive with ten thousand species of
re])tile ; but not a man in tlie whole great waste — not even a bird flew
hither to look in upon the loathsome wilderness. How manv years
this stagnant sea required its drying ])rocess to continue cannot now be
cU'termined with certainty. Tliere ai-e at least five to eight feet of
vegetable debris requii-ed to form one foot of coal, and since there are
thi-ee feet, representing the seam in this county, it must have required
t went v-f our feet in depth of rich vegetable debris to form our ])resent
coal bed, and the suljsequent growth or carriage hither of sufficient
material to make that natural hydraulic j)ress which pressed this coal into
its shape and texture. Volumes might be written on the formation of
oui' ])rairies. of our coal beds, of tlie great trains of sand and rock and
forests which the drift brought hither to press down the original
stagnant mass of vegetable matter, water and the animal life which
they supported ; hut where is the use of speculative wi'iting { Our
reason points out one natural method l)v which our rich prairie soil
and everything beneath it were formed, namely, an immense lake,
gradually filling up of the same by sediment and shore growth, slow
lifting- up of lake bottom and annual decay of vegetable debris ; slower
drainage and tlien the jirairie.
The quaternary divisions of the county are the alluvium and drift,
the former com|)rising all the bottom lands or stream valleys from a
few rods to 6,000 feet in width ; the latter comprising a series of
brown and blue clays with sand or gravel mixings with granite
bowlders of ancient rock — the uplands. This drift varies in dejith
from twenty to sixty feet. Through this formation an abundant
su]i])ly of good water is reachefl before the bed-rock is tapped.
Tliroughout the county there is no exposure of rock other than the
lower series of coal measures. Of this series No 7 shows on the north
line of section 10, township 14, range 7, along the east branch of Spoon
river. In this section the S. C. Francis shaft shows sixty-four and one-
fourth feet. This was sunk in 1868, and from the record shows the
following formation :
Yellow clay, 2 feet; red sand, 2 feet; limestone (nodular), 2-^ feet;
clay, light- colored, 7 feet ; clay shale, 2 feet ; sandstone, 8 inches ; blue
clay shale, 8 feet ; dark colored clay shale, 5f feet ; coal, 2 inches ;
blue clay shale, 12 feet ; impure limestone, 3 inches ; clay shale, 8 feet ;
impure limestone, 2 inches ; blue clay shale, 1^ feet ; dark colored clay
shale, 3 feet ; coal, 2 feet, 7 inches ; clay (penetrated). If feet.
In section 32, townsliip 1<>, range 7, the exposure was worked. In
section 21, Townshi]^ 14, range 7, series No. 6 is far below the surface
Mithout a sign of outcro}).
In the southeastern part of section 3, township 14, range 10, No.
6 coal appears in the l)luft of West Branch, along the creek to the
southeastern corner of section 16. This series has been worked along
the western ])lateau, where there are several outcrops above water
level of over four feet in depth with a regular clay pai'tition of two
inches in thickness.
In the southeastern part of section 3, township 14, range 6, No. 6
coal appears on the bluff of AYest Branch. Along the creek to the
TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY. 47
southeastern corner of section 16, this series has been worked along the
western plateau, where there are several ontcro])s a])()ve water level of
over four feet in depth with a regular clay partition of two inches in
thickness.
The mine of No. 6 series in township 14, range 7, section 28, on the east
bank of the East Branch, ])i'esents a shaft of over ninetv feet, of which
eighty-nine and two-thirds feet i)resent the following strata: Vellow
clay, 8 feet; limestone, 4 feet ; light colored clay, 4^ feet ; light colored
clay shale, S-Jfeet ; limestone 2|feet ; clay shale, 1(» feet ; coal, 2 inches ;
soft black slate, 4 inches ; clay, 4^ feet ; sandstone, 22^ feet ; clay shale,
feet ; limestone, 4 feet ; light colored clay shale, feet ; green clay
shale, 2i feet ; dark colored clay shale, 3 1-6 feet ; impure limestone, H
foot ; dark colored clay shale, 2i feet ; coal vein, 3 to 6 feet, with a
clay ])artition of 3 inches in de])th. The slips or " horsel)acks" peculiar
here tend to retard miners' enterprise ; but with the coming of the coal
cutter and other modei'u ap])liances this o1)stacle will vanish.
In the northern portion of section 1, township 13, range 6, a few
shafts have been made to the depth of several feet. Near Modena, at
a depth of ab<^ut thirty feet, a 1-foot vein was struck. Westward, on
section 4, the Jack creek beds have been worked, and in sections 2, 11,
and 12, the out-crop appears in the banks eight to ten feet above water-
mark, ^
Near the north line of section 14, Toulon townshiji, about twelve feet
above the water of a little rivulet, the following formation may be
seen: Sandstone ; clay shale, 15 feet ; im})ure limestone, clay shale,
black slate, coal, average 3 feet ; clay partition, coal, 1^ foot ; clay
shale, partial outcrop of sandstone. The strata above the three feet
vein of coal is replete in its deposit of imperfect fossils, such as the
rardin ia fragilis^ pleurotomaria grayviUensis, and fossils of fish. On the
section coal and a strata somewhat similar to that given above, are
outcropping. From section lo along the courses of the river and
tributary rivulets to sections 25 and 26, where the seam is over
twent}" feet above watei*-mark, the miner has left traces of his work,
and backward from tlie stream on section 26, coal has been found at a
depth of sixty-nine feet in solid strata, four to five feet in thickness,
wdiile just east the miners had to sink a shaft to a depth of ninety-six
feet to reach the seam.
In Essex township, section 23, the following strata- a])])ears in a
shaft sunk a few years ago : Clay, 21 feet ; cla\' shale, 8 feet ; lime-
stone, 1 foot ; clay shale, interslated. If foot ; coal, 2^ feet, with thin clay
partition. Although this belongs to series No. 6, horsebacks or slips
render mining for moi'e than local use, un})rofitable. A seam of series
No. 2 coal is found on section 17, at the base of the bluifs of Indian
creek, which was very little woi-ked u]) to four years ago.
In West Jersey township, on section 11), coal of the No. 4 Illinois
series has been struck at a depth of fifteen feet. Here the vein is from
four to six feet deep, underlaid by about ten inches of im[)ure cannel
coal, and this by a clay l)ed. Fish and ])lant fossils abound here,
including one almost perfect form of iha palaa>)iiscii-'<. The teeth and
imperfect form of a diplodus have also been exhumed. The coal
48 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
ohtained is very gootl. On section 17 a one and one-lialf foot vein of
the Ts'o. 2 series was found at a depth of fiftN^-nine feet. It lies in the
bed of the creek, and is woi'kable only at low water. On section No. 10,
Toulon, a ([uany yields al)un(hintly of building stone of more than fair
(jualitv. On Wahiut creek, in West Jersey townshij), a quari-y on
section 20 produced a fair hard sandstone, very well ada])ted to buildei's'
uses.
The rock in sections 21 and 22, Osceola townsliip, is a limestone six
to twelve feet thick, of thin layers. This is an uneven, (Iral)-colored.
weatiier-proof stone, found in tiie first section, its lower strata resting
thirtv-nine feet above a two-inch coal seam and sixt^^-three feet above
a two-feet seven inches vein of No. 7 series coal. As a stone for build-
ing purposes, or for lime for building j)ur})oses, it cannot be excelled.
The sandstone measures of Elmira township ai'e f)utcropping, and
hidoen beds of this valuable rock abound. In section 1<> is found a
light-colored soft rock about twelve feet above a measure of No. series
coal. In Toulon township, section 14. tiie sandstone is l)elow No. i)
series coal, but of a very superior quality, and approaching the Parma
stone of Michigan in compactness.
In Essex townshij), section 14, a sandstone quarry of the finest
grade has been worked for some years, wliile that on section 17 (from
which the stone was taken fo^* l)uikling the first stone house in the
neighborhood years ago) yields plenty of good material for ordinary
ouildings.
Osceola, Elmira. Toulon, and West Jersey furnish the greater part
of the coal su})ply ; Essex furnishes a little, and A'alley less ; Penn and
Goshen are reported non-productive m the matter of coal ; but what
future exploration may credit these townships with in this connection
must be left to the future.
The miners' estimate of coal deposits is l.OOU.UOO tons of coal to
every section or square mile per foot of thickness of seam, which, it
])laced at an average of a three-feet seam, as in this county, would give
108.000,(100 tons to each township, or 864,000,000 tons to the entire
county of No. 6 series coal alone, exclusive of series Nos. 1, 2, -1 and 7.
some (^f which have not yet l)een ex])lored at all, and others only })ar-
tially. Allowing five tons per annum to each voter in the county in
1885, or 12,000 tons annually, there is a supply of No. 6 coal here to
viehl them fuel for 72,0(>0 years.
ArcJuHjhjgy — The general prevalence in IlUnois of the existence of
ancient mounds has excited no inconsiderable interest in the mmds of
scientists since their discovery was first made. Nearlv every county
has these interesting vestiges of a numerous people long since gone to
rest, about whose history there pends a veil — an impenetrable mystery
— of whom the later Indian tribes possessed neither knowledge, myth
nor tradition. Those in iStark county are as numerous as elsewhere,
for s})eai' and arrow-heads, human l)ones, and sometimes pottery have
been found here. They are so ccmimon as to excite little interest among
those who have resided in the county for any length of time, and are
driven over and plowed up as if Ijut a rise in the ground, not all that
remains of the history of a past race. A piece of native copper AA^as
TOPOGKAPHY AND NATUKAL HISTORY. 49
found in blue clay, twenty-five feet below the surface, on Samuel Sturm's
farm, one mile south of Bradford. In other places several evidences
of the drift, as well as of prehistoric settlements, have been uiieai'thed.
T. M. Shallenberger, now of Nebraska, W. II. Adams, of Eochester,
Peoria county, and others, have given the study of arehfeology some
attention; but their research in this county has been limited to surface,
I'ather than excavatorv work. Prior to the removal of the Indians,
thev visited all tlieir old camp-grounds and villages, and leveled even
with the ground all the little mounds denoting the graves of their
dead.
W. II. Adams, in a pa])('r addressed to the regents of the Smith-
sonian Institute, and pul)lished in 1885, on the mounds in the valley
of Spoon river, says : " On the north side of Si)oon river, seventv-
five yards distant, eighty rods west of the east line, and twenty rods
south of the north line of section 12, townshi]) 11 north, vange 4;^
east of the fourth ])rincipal meridian, is a round numnd about thirty
feet in diameter, called l)y those in the neighborhood a '•hogl)ack.'''
On the highest of this hogback, at the surface, is some evidence of fire.
The evidences of a former hi'e increase very rapidly. At a depth of
twelve to sixteen inches I found live skeletons, nearly all the bones of
which were calcined by hre, and numy of them entirely consumed.
One of the skulls lay to the north, one to the northwest, one to the
southwest, one to the south, and one to the northeast. With the bones
were fragments of sandstone bui"ned red. At or near each skull, and
neaiiv on a line between the point of the shoulder and ear, was a
water-worn ])ebble, excei)t in one instance, and that was an angular
piece of flint. The ])el)b]es had not l)een acted u])on by the lire, so
that they evidently must have been placed there after the intense heat
of the "tire had ' subsided. From the appearance of the earth
one would be strongly inclined to believe that the Are in this instance
had been one of unusual intensity. From the position of the skulls to
each other, the feet of one body would reach to his neighbor's head,
if laid at full length. One of tlie skulls was rather thinner than those
we usually And in other mounds. Some of the teeth evidently be-
longed to' a person of great age; others of the teeth were very small,
but I cannot say that they belonged to an infant. The skulls were in
fragments, the' largest piece obtained being about t\vo inches scjuare.
On another hogback, east of the one described, commencing on sec-
tion 12, township 11, range 4 east, extending across the northwest cor-
ner of section 7, township 11, range 5, and also some distance on sec-
tion *), township 11, are thirteen common round mounds, varying in
height from eighteen inches to live feet. As far as examined these
are burial mounds, and in one I found nineteen skeletons. ^ Tiiis one
was forty-five feet in diameter and five feet in height. The l)ones
were in a fair state of ])reservati()n. I o})ened four or five of this
grouj), and in each were found pieces of trap rock from one and one-
half to two inches square ; ])ieces of Imrned sand I'oclv, small watei'-
worn pebbles, and in the largest mound a very small IVagment of red
potterv."
A stick of cedar was exhumed in March, 18(52, and brought to
50 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
Toulon by E. S. Kincade. It was foiiiKl while digging- a well in
the eastern part of the coimt3% twenty-eight feet. below the surface.
While placing a sewer across'^Main St., Toulon, in June, 1SS4, one
of the two trees, cut near the site of the court house, and placed there
l>v Oliver Whitaker over forty years ago to bridge the slough, was
unearthed. The piece taken out is about three feet in length. This
was smoothed off and is held as a relic of the early years of the
county.
StofiH , Flood a Jill JJrouyht. — The big snow of 1 830 will be vividly re-
membered l)y all the old settlers. The snow began falling on the night of
the 29th of December, and continued to fall for three days antl nights,
until it reached an average depth of about four feet, but drifting in ])laces
as high as from eighteen to twenty feet. Great suffering was ex})erienced
in consequence. The settlers relied for their daily food upon Indian corn
which they were enabled to raise, together with wild game which was
abundant "at that time. Plenty of the former was raised to su])ply the
wants of all until the next season's cro]); but when the snow fell very
little had been gathered. Game could not l)e had. The great depth
of snow was a barrier to all ti'avel. and it may be well imagined the
sufferings of the people were very great indeed. This was the heavi-
est snow that ever fell in Illinois within the memory of the oldest
settler of this part of the State. According to the traditions of the
Indians, as related to the })ioneers. a snow fell from fifty to seventy-
live years before the settlement by the white people, which swept
away the numerous herds of buffalo and elk that roamed over the vast
prairies at that time. This tradition was verified by the large num-
l)er of bones of these animals found in different localities on the prai-
ries when first visited by the whites. The deep snow is one of the
landmarks of the pioneer.
The cold winter of 18-t'2-3. commenced on Xov. 7. 1842, and con-
tinued until May. 1843. This season of ice may be said to end the
days of profitable hunting in Illinois.
The storm of June, 1877, swept across West Jersey, Elmira, and
j)arts of Goshen, blowing off house i-oofs and rooting \\\) trees. The
county is not in tlie storm trail.
The greatest flood ever known in the county was that of February
16, 1883. xVs a general rule bridges were swept away, and in the
wreck of the l)rid"-eon the Toulon and Wvomino- road three men nearlv
lost their lives. In the s])ring of 1831 there was a great flood conse-
({uent on the break of the "Big Snow." and in the fall of 1835 another
flood.
The drought of 188() has no pai'allel m the history of the county.
It was broken on August 12th. 13th, lltli and 15th. On the night of
the 15th a rain and thunder storm swe])t over the county, but at nine
o'clock the moon ])eered down from a l)right blue sky, while a rainbow
of peculiai'ly bi'illiant colors illumined the west. The average rainfall
during the fifteen years, including 187"). for the months of April, ^lay,
June and July, was 15.(59 inches, the minimum 8.59 (in 1884) and the
maximum 22.16 inches (1883). For the corresponding period of 1886
the average was 4.82, or less than one-third of the average of the fif-
TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY. 51
teen years. The rainfall of July was only 1.5 inches, while the aver-
age for the same month during the fifteen years was 3.84 inches.
Zo()h)(jy. — Of the s])ecies of native animals that once roamed the flow-
ery prairies and wild forests of the county, but few of the smaller remain,
and none of the larger. Of the latter we cannot even find a specimen
preserved in taxidermy. The buffalo which grazed u])on the verdant
])rairies has been di'iven westward. With or before it went the ])eaver,
elk, badger, panther, black wolf and black bear. Some animals which
were quite numerous have become very rare, such as the gray fox, the
catamount, otter, lynx, coon, and the Virginia deer.
There still remain many of tlie different species, mostly inhabiting
the country adjacent to the Illinois and Spoon rivei's and a few of the
other larger streams. These are, however, fast disappearing, and be-
fore long will be known only in history, as are the deer, the beaver,
and the l)ison. Among those still to be found here, as tra-mps, are the
gray wolf, the opossum, raccoon, mink, muskrat, the common weasel,
the small brown weasel, skuidc, woodchuck, or Maryland marmot,
prairie mole, common shrew mole, meadow and deer mouse, and the
gray rabbit. Of squirrels there are the gray timber sijuii-rel. the fox,
chi])munk. the large gray prairie squirrel, the striped and the spotted
prairie squirrel, and the beautiful flyiug scjuii'rel. The dai'k-brown and
the reddish bat are common. ( )ther small animals have been fouiul
here which have strayed from other localities. A.n American eagle,
weighing eleven j)ounds and measui'ing seven feet from tij) to i\\) of
wings, was killed by Robert (-iiurch, in October, lS(iT, neai' Indian
creek bridge, on the Toulon and Lafayette road. The bii-ds common
to Illinois find a home in this county, and between residents and visit-
ors, show themselves in multitudes. On Ueceml)er 18. 1S84, a large
wolf was killed by Jason Oziah, on the Nowlan farm, west of Toulon.
On May 23, 1885, E. H. Bates, of (Xsceola, presented County Clerk
\/alker with fourteen young wolf scalps, and received $24 bounty.
In S])oon river and tributary streams the fisherman is sometimes
rewarded for skill and patience ; but like the wikl aniuuds the fish
have almost disappearet
CHAPTER II.
INDIANS OF ILLINOIS.
FIE origin of the American Indian is a subject of deep inter-
est to the etlinoloo-ist, even as it is one of instruction and
entertainment to the general reader. The ei'a of their
establishment as a distinct and insulated people must be cred-
ited to a ])eriod immediately subsequent to the division of
the Asiatic .peo])le and the oi-igin of languages. No dou])t
whatever can exist when the American Indians are regarded
as of Asiatic origin. They are descended directly from the
survivors of that people who, on being driven from their
fair possessions, retired to the wilderness in sorrow, reared
their children under the saddening influences of their
unquenchable griefs, and, dying, bequeatiied them only
the habits of the wild, cloud-roofed homes of their exile.
From that time forward the America Indian, as we know
him, has existed.
That there were a widely ditferent people here is not dis]nited ;
for there are existing numerous evidences of a civilization akin to that
of the lumbering districts of the Canadas, ]\Iichigan and Wisconsin.
The question of prehistoric settk^nents on the Pacific coast and the
statement of tiie ])artial occupation of the Mississi])pi valley by Cau-
casians in the dim past, are ])oints well sustained. M. L. Page du
Pratz, a French savant, met, in his travels among the Natchez, the cel-
ebrated and aged Indian antiquarian, Moucacht Ape, who, in 1745
crossed the MTssissippi and reached the Pacific by the Columbia river.
Moucacht related, among other experiences that, after visiting many
nations, he shortly came to the last, a people one day's journey from the
(xreat Water and'al)Out a league distant from the Beautiful I'iver. who
were hiding themselves in the woods from white-bearded men who came
everv vear in a i)ark for a vellow, stinking' wood, and to steal the
young women foi' slaves. By tliis ])eople the traveler was at once
received as a chief by his own family, '' because they thought with rea-
son that one who had seen white men and many nations should have
more mind than one who had never been from home and had seen
none but red men." These bearded disturbers of their peace, the natives
furtlier infoi-med him, went always clothed, no matter how warm tlie
weather : their wea])ons also made a great noise and sent forth hre,
and they came from where the sun sets. Seeing that it was the yel-
low wood wliich seemed to l)ring theih there, following the counsel of
the old men, the ])eo])le were fast destroying that odorous attrac-
tion, so that they hoped in time they should be no more molested.
52
INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 53
Exceeding!}' curious to see these white-bearded men who were neither
English, French, nor Spanish, Moucacht Ape entered heartily into a
plan to attack those who should next come. It was now about the
time of their annual arrival. All the families in the vicinity of their
landing-])lace liad retired from the coast lest their young women should
be captui-ed. Our hero had smelt gunpowder and was not afraid.
Leaving their camp, near the Beautiful river, the warriors journeyed
five days to a point on the coast where were two great i-ocks, between
which em])tied into the sea a shallow stream on whose banks grew the
yellow wood. It was between the t\v() rocks that the foreigners ran
their vessel when they came ashoi'e. Seventeen days the warriors now
waited the arrival of their prey. All had been arranged in council for
the attack. Presently they espied the vessel in the distance, and hid-
ing themselves, they watched an o]>])()rtunity foui' days more. At
length two boats, containing thirty men, put olf from the ship and
entered the little stream between the rocks. When the strangers were
well scattered gathei'itig wood and taking in water, the natives fell
upon them and killed eleven, the rest escaping. Having slaughtered
the strangers like a savage, Moucacht Ape examined their dress and
physique like a scientist. The bodies vvere thick, short and very
white ; the head was heavy, the hair short, and instead of hats they
were clotli wound round the head. The dress was neither of wool nor
bark, but of a soft stuff like the old cotton shirts of Europeans. That
which covered the leg and foot was of one piece. Only two of the
dead had firearms, with powder and balls. Joining some northern
natives, who had come to assist at the slaying of the strangers, Mou-
cacht Ape continued his journey along the coast until lie reached their
village, when the old men of the place dissuaded him from proceeding-
farther, saying that the country beyond was cold, barren, and tenant-
less. Therefore he returned to his own ])eople by the route he went,
having been absent on the westei'n tour hve years.
Such is one of the many stories related by old Indians of a })ast age
and handed down to the present race of savages.
The Illinois Indians were of the Algonquin family, and were divided
into live tribes — the Teorias, Kaskaskias, Moingwenas, Kahokias, and
Tamaroas. The}' had gained possession of their lands by subduing
and driving away the Quapays, a Dakota tribe, and in 16-10 they nearly
exterminated the Winnebagos, after which time they held undisputed
possession of the domains until l(i56, when the Irocpiois Indians began
a long-continued war with them, which was soon followed by a hot
contest Avith the Sioux tribe. The Illinois at this time formed one of
the strongest Indian confederacies, and were ex})ert bowmen, but not
canoemen. They would move to the broad plains bcN'ond the Missis-
sippi each year for a, summer-hunt, and in the wintei' would s])en(l four
or live months on a southern chase — returning to rest at Kaskaskia,
their beautiful city of arbor-like cabins, covered with double water-
])roof mats. Each cal)in. as a rule, would contain four fires, around
each of which the families would gather. The population of their
city in its best days was about 8,000 people. Although they were con-
stantly at war, and were greatly addicted to vice, they listened to th(^
4
54 HIS'IOKV OF STAKK ('(UXTY.
earnest teachings of Marquette and other French raissonaries. were
finally converted, and were much improved in their conversion. The
name of their chief was Chicago, lie visited France in 1700. and was
hio-hlv esteemed and entertained bv the I'rench Government officials.
a" little over two hundred years ago. in the summer of 1680, the Iro
quois Indians made an attack upon the Kaskaskia and Peoria tribes of
the Illinois confederation. They drove Lieut. Tonti, who was under
the command of La Salle, from Creve ( 'oeur Fort, near the outlet of the
Peoria lake. The chief object of the Iroquois was to destroy the
Illinois Indians and lay claim to their lands, as they had done to those
belono-intr to manv other tribes, always fighting their way and leavintj
their battle-fields — which extended from the Atlantic coast to the
Wal)ash river, and from the Ohio river to and even north of the Great
Lakes — strewn with their victims. It was with a great slaughter that
they con(]uered the hitherto strong and im])ortant ])eople, laid waste
their great city of Kaskaskia. and drove them from their wigwams to
wander in broken Ijands over their broad domain. Many of the Illinois
were murdered and their homes burned to ashes, while as many as 9< >0
Avere taken prisoners. The young corn in the field was cut down and
burned ; the pits which contained the products of the ])revious year
were opened and their contents scattered with wanton waste ; the
graves had been robbed of their dead and the bodies dragged forth to
be devoured by buzzards. In the center of all this devastation and
ruin, the spoilers, says La Salle, had built for themselves a lodge, and
covered it with human bones and the scalps of the Illinois. A few of
the lodge-poles that had esca})ed the fire and renuiined standing, were
adorned Avith human skulls, thus presenting a most frightful scene,
with all these ghastly relics, where only a few days previous had stood
the proud city of the Illinois, the largest ever built by northern
natives, its extent being over a mile square. It was a lovely place in
the bosom of the beautiful valley, and was Nveli chosen for a home.
Just on the opposite side of the river stood the sandstone blulf, tall and
stately, its summit overlooking the broad valley of many woodclad
islands up and down the river, and the swift current of the water
rushing along at its base as it had done for thousands of years gone
by. AVeU had the Illinois looked on this majestic rock as a fit place of
refuge in case of danger. But little did they think that it would
remain after them as a monument of their last battle, and that it should
be the scene of the final extermination of their })roud and powerful
})eople. From this great battle the Illinois never fully recovered.
They were constantly at war with the Iroquois and Sioux, and later
with the Pottawatomies. The allies of Pontiac, the Ottawa chief,
after the assassination of that chieftain by the hands of the Illinois,
nearly exterminated the latter — a part of them taking refuge on the
sandstone bluff. "When first visited bv the whites, the Pottawatomie
confederation numbered nearly 12. Odd souls, and were divided into five
tribes; in 1S50 only eighty-four of them remained.
In the Avinter of 1680-81, being the next winter after the destruc-
tion of the city of Kaskaskia, La Salle formed a plan of a colony on
tlie sandstone bluff. The design AA-as to include French and Indians of
INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 55
various tribes as a protective coalition against the dreaded Iroquois.
This colon}^ was left in charge of Lieut. Tonti.
La Salle made a trij) down the Mississip})i river, and, when he reached
its month, on the Gth day of April, 1682, he took formal i)ossession of
all land drained b}' the great river in the name of his sovereign, Louis
XIV. of France, and called the new acquisition Louisiana. After his
return up the river he and his lieutenant, Tonti, began, in December,
1682, the work of clearing off the top of the sandstone bluff to build
a fort, which ^vas afterward called Fort St. Louis. The weather was
bitter cold, and the wind blew terrifically ; but they worked steadily
on, and soon had completed a number of storehouses and dwellings, all
of which were inclosed in a stockade. On the bottoms around the
rock were domiciled 20,0(»0 Iroquois souls, 4,iM»u of whom were warriors.
In March, 168-1, the Iroquois attacked this rocky citadel ; but, after a
six days' fight, withdrew, taking with them a few prisoners, who after-
ward made their escape. Tonti commanded Fort St. Louis, upon the
rock, until 1702, when, it is said, he was forcibly displaced from the
command on account of some alleged irregularity ; after which he
wandei'ed through the Southern wilds until 1748, when, shattered in
health, he returned to the scene of his former glory — dying in the fort
the following spring, and being bui-ied on tlie west side of the rock.
It has been stated that, after his death, the Frenchmen in control of
the fort treated the Indian maidens so scurvily that their fathers and
brothers destro3^ed the fort and drove away the Frenchmen. Charle-
voix says that in 1721 he saw palisades upon the rock, which he sup-
posed were built by the Illinois ; but no authentic account is given of
the rock being used as a fort other than from 1682 to 1719, previous to
the last battle of the Illinois, at Avhicli time it was merely used as a
place of refuge, and not of fortification.
Patrick Kennedy, who made a voyage up the Illinois river in 1773,
speaks of the French as residing on an island at Joliet, and of their
making salt from the salt ponds on the south bank of the Illinois river
opposite Buffalo Rock, which is about tln-ee miles above the sandstone
bluff. A few of the principal actors in the Black Hawk war of 1832
were considered by the whites to be of French and Indian ancestry;
and there are families living yet in the Illinois valley that trace their
lineao'e as far back as to the davs of Tonti.
The earliest accounts I find of the Pottawatomie Indians south of
Lake Michigan is in 167I-, when Marquette mettiiemon liis return with
La Salle from the ^[ississi]>i)i, on a part of which journey he was
attended by a band of IlHnoisand also a band of Pottawatomie Indians.
So far as lean learn, they were the first of the tribe who ever saw the
countr}^ south of Lake Micliigan, as their former home was about
Green Bay. In the following year, 1675, Marquette, after spending
the winter at Chicago, established at Kaskaskia on Easter Sunday, his
mission, which was called by its zealous founder, ''The Immacuhite
Conceiition." This mission was continued here until 1690, when it
was moved to Soutliern Kaskaskia, on the Kaskaskia river, which
empties into the Mississi])pi river in St. Clair county.
From 1675 it is proljable that the Pottawatomies emigrated very
5f) HISTOKY OF STAKK COL^'TY.
fast from their old home on Green Bay into the more hospital)le
ro^-ions south of Lake Michigan. As they were found in tlieir southern
homes in different bands and under different names and leaders, thei)roh-
abilities are that they left in parties. The number of the Pottawato-
mies is hard to determine ; but as near as I can discover there must have
been 1,800 of them at the time of the asseml)Iy of the Algon(|uin Confed-
eration at Niagara in 1783, when there were 450 Pottawatomie
warriors present. The fraternal relations existing between the Potta-
watomies and Ottawas were of the most harmonious character ;
they lived almost as one people, and were joint owners in their hunting
o-rounds. Their relations were scarcelv less intimate and friendlv with
the different bands of the Sioux tribe. Xor were the Chippewas more
sti'angers to the Pottawatomies and Ottawas than the latter were to
each other ; they claimed an interest in the lands occu})ied to a certain
extent Ijy all jointly, so that all three tribes joined in the joint treaty
for the lirst sale of their lands ever made to the United States, which
was made in Chicago in 1821, when the tribes named, except the Sioux,
ceded to the United States 5,000,000 acres in Michigan. Xorthern
Illinois was particularly the possession of the Pottawatomies: but. as
before stated, it is hnpossible to fix the time when they first settled
here. Thev undoul)tedlv came bv degrees, and by deo^reesestal^lished
themselves, encroaching at first upon the Illinois tribe, advancing more
and m«)re. sometimes by good-natured tolerance and sometimes bv
actual violence. But they did not come into exclusive possession here
until the final extermination of the Illinois tribes, which must have
been some time between 1766 and 1770, when all but eleven were
destroyed in the siege of '' Starved Rock." The only authentic account
of this great tragedy that is obtainable is from Meacheile, an old
Pottawatomie chief, through Judge J. D. Caton, who was an intimate
acquaintance of the chief. Meacheile associated his earliest recollec-
tions with their occupancy of the country. lie remembered well the
battle of ''Starved Rock," and the final extinction of the lllin(jis tribe
of Indians. He was present at the siege and final catastrophe ; and
although but a boy at the time, and used to the war and Woodshed
that were continually going on between the tribes, the terrible event
made such a strong impression ujion his young mind that it ever
remained fresh and vivid.
The cause of the dreadful destruction of the Illinois tribe is
attributed to the death of Pontiac, the great Ottawa chief, which
occurred in 1766. He was the idol of his peo])le, and was lieloved and
obeyed scarcely less by the Pottawatomies. They believed the Ilhnois
Indians were at least accessory to his murder and so held them res])on
sible; consequently the Ottawas and Pottawatomies in connection
with the Chippewas, united all of tlieir forces in an attack upon those
whose deadly enemies they liad now become.
The Illinois Indians had never fully recovered from the great
catastrojihe they had suffered nearly a century before at the hands of
the terrible Iroquois. Their spirit and their courage seemed broken,
and they submitted U) encroachments from the north In* their more
enterprising neighbors — Avith an ill-will, no doubt, but 'without pro
INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 57
tecting their rights by force of arms, as they would have (U)ne in for-
mer times — and songlit to revenge themselves upon those whom they
i-egarded as their actual enemies, in an underhaiuied and treacherous
way. In the war thus waged by the allies against the Illinois the latter
suffered disaster after disaster, till the sole remnant of that once proud
nation, whose uame had been mentioned with respect from Lake Supe-
I'ior to the mouth of the Ohio, and from the Mississip])i to the Wabash
river, now found suiticient space upon the half acre of ground which
crowns the summit of " Starved Rock."
As the sides are })erpeiulicular, except on the southeast, where oue
may ascend with difficulty by means of a sort of natural stairway, and
where some of the ste])s are only a few inches wide and as miich as
three feet in height, not more than two persons can ascend abreast,
and ten men could easily re[)el ten thousand with the means of warfare
then at their command. Of late, as was probably the case when Lieut.
Tonti commanded Fort St. Louis u})on the rock, a broad staii'way has
been erected over the worst places, so that it may be easily ascended
In' touris^.
The length of time that the Illinois were confined u})on the rock it
is hard to determine ; but it is easy to imagine that they had not pi'e-
])ared provisions enough for a very extended encampment, and that
their enemies depended upon their lack of the same, wliich we can read-
ily appreciate must occui- soon to a savage jieople who rarely antici-
])ate the future by storing up suj)})lies. On the noi'th or river side the
upper rock overhangs the water somewhat, and tradition tells us how
the confederates placed themselves in canoes under the cornice-like
rocks, and cut the thongs of the besieged when they lowered their ves-
sels to obtain water fi'om the I'iver, and so reduced them by thirst as
well as by starvation. At last the time came when the unfortunate
I'emnant of the once honored Illinois Nation could hold out no longer,
and they awaited but a favorable opportunity to attempt their escape.
This was at last afforded by a dark and stormy night, when, led by
their few remaining warriors, all stole in profound silence down the
steep and narrow declivity, to be met hy a solid wall of their enemies.
The horrible scene that then ensued is easier to imagine than to
describe. No quarter was asked and none was given. For a time the
howling of the tempest was drowned by the yells of the combatants
and the shrieks of their dying victims. It is difficult to judge of the
number of the Illinois that were quartered u])on the rock. During
this awful battle the braves fell one by one, fighting like very fiends ;
and fearfully did they avenge themselves upon their enemies. The
few women and children, whom famine had left but enfeebled skel-
etons, fell easy victims to the war clubs of the terrible savages, who
deemed it almost as much a glory to slaughter the emaciated women
and helpless children as to strike down the men who were able to
make resistance with arms in their hands. They were bent- upon the
utter extermination of their hated enemies, and most successfully did
they bend their savage energies to the bloody task.
Soon the victims were stretched upon the slo[)ing ground south and
west of the rock ; there their bodies lay stark U})on the sand which had
58 HISTOKY OF STARK COUNTY.
been th^o^YU up by the \vil(l prairie-Avinds. The wails of the feeble
and the shouts of the strong liad ceased to fret the air, and the night-
Avind's mournful sighs througli the neighljoring pines sounded like a
requiem, the Hash of the hghtning in the dark and clouded sky lit up
the a^vful scene like tall funeral tapers. Here AYas enacted the fitting
finale to the work of death which had been commenced by the de-
struction of the city of Kaskaskia — scarcely a mile away on the op])o-
site side of the riYer — nearly a century Ijefore by the still more saY-
age and terrible Iroquois. Yet all were not destroyed, for, in the dark-
ness and confusion of the fight, elcYen of the most athletic warriors
broke through the besieging lines. From their high ])erch on the isa-
lated rock they had marked well the little nook below into which
their enemies had moored at least a part of their canoes, and to these
they rushed with headlong speed, unnoticed by their foes. They threw
themselYes into the boats, and rowed hurriedly down the rapids
below. They had been trained to the use of the paddle and the canoe,
and knew cYery intricacy of the channel, so that they could safely
naYigate it CYen in the dark and boisterous night. They k^ew their
deadly enemies would soon be in their wake, and there was no safe
refuge for them short of St. Louis. They had undouljtedly been with-
out food for many days, and had no proYisions with them to sustain
their waning strength ; and yet it was certain death to stop l)y the
way. Their onl}^ hope was in pressing forward by night and by day,
without a moment's pause — scarcely looking back, yet cYer fearing
that their pursuers would mjike their appearance from around the
point they had last left behind them. If they could reach St. Louis,
there they would be safe ; if overtaken they would perish, as had the
rest of their tribe. It was truly a race for life, and, as life is sweeter
than reYenge, we may safely presume that the pursued were impelled
to greater exertions than the pursuers.
Until the morning light revealed that their canoes were gone the
confederates belicYed that their sanguinary work had been so thor-
oughl}'" done that not a living soul of the Illinois people remained.
But as soon as the escape was discoYered a hot pursuit was commenced.
But those who ran for life won the race. They reached St. Louis
before their enemies came in sight, and told their appalling tale to the
commandant of the fort, from whom they receiYed protection and a
generous sujiply of food, which their famished condition so much re-
quired. This had barely l)een done when their enemies ap})eared and
fiercely demanded their victims, that no drop of huinan blood might
longer circulate in the Yeins of their hated enemies. This was re-
fused, and they retired with thi'eats of future vengeance upon the fort —
which, however, they never had the means of executing.
After their epeniies had gone, the Illinois, who never afterwards
claimed that name, thanked their white friends for their kind enter-
tainment, and. full of sorrow that words cannot express, they slowly
])addled their way across the river to seek a new home and new friends
among the tribes who then occujned the southern part of Illinois, and
who listened to their sad story with sympathy and kindness. This is
the last that we really know of the last of the Illinois. We do not
INDIANS OF ILLINOIS. 59
know that a drop of their blood now animates a human being; but
their name is perpetuated in tliis great state, of whose record in the
l)ast all are so proud, and as to whose future the hopes of all are so
sanguine.
Proclamations affecting the Indian tribes here were issued as earlv
as 1764, land sales registered as earl\^ as 1773, and the regulation
Indian treaties in 1795.
On Decern l)er oO, 1764, General Thomas Gage issued his proclama-
tion respecting lands in Illinois. It provided liberty for the Catholic
I'eligion, for the removal of the French inhabitants should they not
desire to become subjects of the British, etc., etc., and other stipula-
tions entirely foreign to the spirit of the British.
In 1773 the Indian deeds to the Illinois com])any were made.
The tracts deeded to the Illinois compsmy included hinds along the
Illinois river to Chicago, or Garhck creek, and thence fifty leagues
north to the battle-ground of tlie Bewaria and Eenard Indians in 1727.
By the treaty of Greenville, 1795, 640 acres where Chicago now
stands, 1,280 acres at the mouth of the Illinois, 640 acres at the old
Piorias village, near the south end of Illinois lake, were reserved to the
savages concerned in that treaty.
On August 13, 1803, the United States negotiated a treaty with the
Kaskaskia Indians, at Vincennes, with the remnant of several Illinois
tribes then grou])ed undei* the name of Kaskaskias. By this treaty all
their lands were ceded exce})t 350 acres near the town (which 'was
secured to them by Congress in 1791), and also 1,280 acres, to be
selected by them. The annuity promised was $1,000, or $500 more
than allowed in the Greenville treaty of 1795 ; $100 per annum toward
the supj)ort of a ]H*iest who would also act as school teacher ; $300
toward the erection of a church, and $580 to pay off their debts.
This cession comprised all lands from the mouth of the Ohio to twelve
miles below the mouth of the Wal)ash, to the ridge between the head
waters of the Wabash and Kaskaskia and along this ridge until it
reaches the waters flowing into the Illinois, to the mouth of that river,
and thence down the Mississippi to the Ohio.
The treaty of St. Louis between the United States and the Sacs
and Foxes made ]Sroveml)er 3, 1804, ])rovided for the cession of all the
country bounded by the Mississippi, Wisconsin, Fox and Illinois rivers,
on condition of the first ])arty paying in goods $2,234.50, and an
annuity of $600 to the Sacs and $400 to the Foxes. It was also stipu-
lated that their wars with the Great and Little Osages should forever
cease, and that amity should forever exist between the first and second
parties. The chiefs signing were Layauvois, Pashepahoe or The Giger,
Quashquame or Jumping Fish, Outchequaha or Sun Fish, Ilahshe-
quaxhiqua or the Bear. The witnesses were Pierre Choteau, Aug.
Choteau, Charles Gratiot, John Griffin, Wm. Prince, secretary to
General Harrison, who signed for the United States.
The treaty of Portage des Sioux, of September 14, 1815, was signed
by Black Hawk, May 13, 1816, at St. Louis. It was siiiq)ly a
renewal of the treatv of 1804, and the chief declared he was wheedled
into sio-ning- it.
60 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
At the Council of Chicago, held August 17, 1821, General Louis
Cass defined tlie Pottawatomie country as extending along both sides
of the Illinois river and all its triljutaries and along the western shore
of Lake Michigan to Green Bay, with other possessions south of Lake
Erie. This treaty was concluded after much dela}' and five millions
acres of land became the property of the United States. Tlie last
treaty with the Pottawatomies prior to their removal was made at
Chicago, September 26, 1833. At this treaty the Indians were actu-
ally made drunk, and signed away their possessions' in this condition.
In'l835 thev received their last annuitv in Illinois, and shortlv after
were removed to Northwestern Missouri.
In 1831 a missionarv. Rev. Jesse Hale, was sent into the military
tract to labor among the Indians. Louis Bailey was his interpreter.
Hale delivered his sermon all right ; so did Bailey interpret it correctly.
Shaubena then said : " To what white preacher say, I say, maybe so !
Are all white men good ? I say, maybe so. Do white men cheat
Indian i' I sav, maybe so. Governor Cole gave me, Shaubena, hunt-
ing grounds and told me to hunt. Your big AVhite-sides (Gen. White-
side) come along and tell Shaubena jn/eA'-a-c/tee (clear out).'' Having
said this he tore and tramped upon Governor Cole's agreement with
him. Hale adopted conciliatory measures, and stated : " Whiteside is
a bad white man." Shaubena replied : '' If Avhite man steal Indian's
land, hang him I '' This last sentence settled Hale's life among tlie
tribes. Running toward Hennepin, he arrived there safe, continued his
return trip east, and Shaubena never heard of him again.
In early years it was tlie custom of the Indians to spend a part of
the vear along the streams in this part of Putnam countv. Indeed
thev were known to visit Harris W. ^Miner's cabin in herds, stav
several days, complete a series of trades, and pui'chase meal. He
rememl)ers seeing the chief rolled in liis blanket, s]ee])ing or loafing
for days, while the young men of the band were engaged in foraging
or hunting.
In 1830 the band moved from Walnut to Indian creek, and for a
short time made Avhat is now Stark county their main hunting ground.
The Ottawa chief, Pontiac, and the remnant of his tril)e, who, after
the Franco-British war, selected the country in the vicinity of Wil-
mington for his principal village, and there located in 1764-5. In 17<)9,
he was killed by a chief of the Illinois, Kineboo, during the council
of Joliet Mound, held that year. In this Indian village, the first full-
l>lood Indian friend of the whites. Shabbonee, Avas born about 1 77<i.
Although an Ottawa, he married a daughter of the Pottawatomie chief,
Spotka, at the moutli of Fox river. At that village he was declared
chief of the Pottawat(miies, and shortly after removed the tribe
to the head of Big Indian creek, in DeKalb county. In 1807 he
visited Tecumseh. which visit was returned in 181<». In 1811 he was
l)resent at the council of Tincennes. presided over by (xcneral Harri-
son. In 1812, the couriers of Tecumseh arrived in Illinois, offering
largesses to the tribes who would aid the British against the United
States. Shabbonee resisted the offer until the fall of 1812, when he
and twenty-tAvo of his warriors left to aid Tecumseh. He was present
,_... :y
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
URBANA
INniAXS OF ILLINOIS. 63
at the battle of the Thames, in Canada, as was also Billy Caldwell or
SaiH/cnu/.sJ/. During the Winnebago and Black Hawk war, he rendered
incalculable good to the settlers, and died regretted in (Trundvconntv,
July 17, 1859. His wife, Pokanoka. was drowned in Mazen creek,
(Trundy county, Xovember ?>(), 18G4. It is related that in 1832 he
visited this part of the niilitarv tract, warning the people to leave.
Acting on this information. John Essex, David Cooper, Tliomas Essex,
Sr., and Thomas, Jr., with their families set out for the fort near Pekin,
but all returned to their pioneer homes with the exception of Tliomas
Essex, Jr., who settled near Peoria.
It is related that one of the jUMmary causes of the l^lack Hawk war
was from an incident that ha})pened in Liverpool townshi[), Fulton
county. Joseph Farris, Asa Smith, and Bird Ellis, while out hunting,
espied a youno- Indian, caught him, cut switches and whi])ped him
with tliem. lie attem]>ted to escape and while doing so one of the
])arty struck him on the head with a gun, and they left him near the
Indian camp. He recovered so as to get to his friends, but died just
as they arrived at Peoria, where they had carried him on a litter.
The immediate cause of the Indian outbreak in 1830 was the occu-
]>ation of Black Hawk's village, on the Rock river, by the whites,
dui'ing the absence of the chief and his braves on a hunting expedition,
on the west side of the Mississi])pi. AVlien they returned, they found
their wigwams occu]ned by white families, and their own women and
children were shelterless on the banks of the river. The Indians were
indignant, and determined to re])Ossess their village at all hazards, and
early in the spring of 1831 recrossed the ]\Iississippi and menacingly
took possession of their own cornfields and cabins. It may be well to
remark here that it was expressly sti})nlated in the treaty of 18(»1, to
which they atti'ibuted all their troubles, that the Indians should not be
o])lio-ed to leave their lands until tliev were sold bv the United States,
and it does not appear that tliey occupied any lands other than those
owned bv the government. If this was true, the Indians had good
cause for indignation and complaint. But the whites, driven out in
tui-n by the retui-ning Indians, became so clamorous against what they
termed the encroachments of the natives, that Governor Ileynolds, of
Illinois, oi'dered General Gaines to Rock Island with a military force
to drive the Indians again from their homes to the west side of the
Mississippi. Black Hawk says he did not intend to be provoked into
war by anything less than the blood of some of his own ])eo})le; in
other words, that there would be no war unless it should IxM-ommenced
by the ])ale faces. But it was said, and probably tliought by the mili-
tary connnanders along the frontiei", that the Indians intended to unite
in a general war against the whites, from Rock river to the Mexican
boi-ders. But it does not appear that the hardy fi-ontiersmen them-
selves had any fears, for their ex|)erience had been that, when well
treated, their Indian neighboi's were not dangerous. i>lack Hawk and
his band had done no more than to attempt to repossess the old homes
of which they had been deprived in their absence. No blood liad been
shed. Black Hawk and his chiefs sent a fiag of truce, and a new ti-eaty
was made, by which Black Hawk and his band agreed to remain for-
64 HISTORY OF STA^RK COUNTY.
ever on tlie Iowa side and never recross the river without the per-
mission of the -President or the Governor of Illinois. Whether the
Indians clearly understood the terms of this treat}^ is uncertain. As
was usual, the Indian traders had dictated terms on their Ijehalf, and
tliey had received a large amount of provisions, etc., from the govern-
ment, but it may well be doubted whether the Indians comprehended
that they could never revisit tlie graves of their fathers without violat-
ino- their treatv. Thev undoul)tedlv thought tliat tliev had agreed never
to recross the Mississip])i witli liostile intent. However this may be, on
the 6th day of April, 1832, Black Hawk and his entire l)and, with their
women and children, again recrossed the Mississippi in plain view of
the garrison of Fort Armstrong, and went up Rock river. Although
this act was construed into an act of hostility by the military author-
ities, who declared that Black Hawk intended to recover his village, or
the site where it stood, by force ; but it does not appear that he made
any such attempt, nor did his appearance create any special alarm
among the settlers. They knew that the Indians never went on tlie
war })ath encumbered with the old men, their women and their chil-
dren. The war commenced, however, and among the enemies of the
Hawk, there were none more j^ronounced than the early settlers of
Spoon I'iver precinct, as shown in the military history.
CHAPTER ITT.
EXPLORATION AND OCCUPATION.
W
IIP]X the illustrious Mur([uette was on his return voyao'e u[)
the Illinois river, it is related that he met many of the orig--
inal Indian occupiers of the valley, just returned from their
trans-Mississip})i exile, to which the Iro(}uois had driven
them. When La Salle came here over two hundi'ed years
ago, he found the Peorias in full })ossession of the
country, with their })rincipal town at the outlet of the lake.
There a great trading post was founded by the French, and
continued down to the war of 1812. At this time Governor
Edwards ordered the destruction of the seventy dwellings
constituting the town and the banishment of the inhabitants,
owing to their known sympathy with the Jh'itish. In 1S14
Fort Clark was constructed, then deserted, and four years
later Abner Eads and Josiah Fulton settled there as the first
white American pioneers. This was the actual beginning of
' settlement on the military tract in April, 1819, by the advance
guard of the '' Shoal Greek Golony.'''
Harvey L. Ross, in his youthful days, was fond of hunting and
trading with the Indians. When but seven years of age he had killed
wild turkeys, geese, and small game of almost every kind, and at twelve
thoug-ht nothino- of killino- a deer. lie savs he also remembers catching
twelve wolves in less than a month in steel traps placed near a dead
iiorse. He relates some incidents of the first trading ex])edition in
which he was eno-ao-ed, which occurred in 1828. He started from
Lewistown in com])anv with Edward Plude, a Frenchman and Indian
inteq)reter, and ''BiU"' Eveland, son of John Eveland. Eveland was
a large, powerful man, \vell actpiainted with the country and familiar
with the Indian character. They loaded a t\\'o-horse wagon at Lewis-
town with o-oods and ti'aveled through what is now known as Knox.
Stark and Peoria counties, where they found a large number of Indians
and traded their goods to advantage. They returned home with their
wagon loaded with furs and deer skins. They were gone three weeks
and had traveled about one hundred and fifty miles, meeting only with
two white settlers after leaving the neigh l)orhoo(l of C^anton.
Among the men who came about this time was Isaac I>. Essex, who
was a})pointed Indian teacher by Jesse Walker, the first Methodist
preacher in the State. Although the school was for the benefit of the
Indians, white chddren. what few there were, were permitted to attend.
The names of the white scholars, as far as remend)ered by Ga plain
Haacke, were Lawson Holland, N. Smith, Sally Eads, J. Sharp, J. and
«5
fiC, HISTORY OF STAKK COIXTV.
KoWert Latham, J). Avery. Andrew Avery, John and James Dixon,
Wilham, M. C, and Warren Bogardus. Essex taught several terms
and then moved to a claim a little below Rock Island. His claim was
made on the top of a blntf overlooking the jNIississippi river, where he
attempted to build a city, which he called Quebec. But the attempt
failed, and Quebec was lost. In later years he returned to Peoria, and
in the fall of 1828 visited this county, staked his claim on the northeast
(piarter of section 15, Essex townshi]), prepared the logs and siding for
liis future house, and, returning to "Shoal creek," remained thereuntil
April, 1829, when he set out to settle finally in the wilderness. AVith
him were his wife and children, and accompanying him from Prince's
Grove were Daniel Prince, Frank Thomas, Stephen French, Simon
Reed, and Revs. Silliman and Allen, P)aptist preachers. They formed
the " Building Bee," who raised the first cabin in Stark county within
twenty-four hours after arriving on the spot, where the first settler had
pre})ared the lumber a few months before. Following the Essex family
came John B. Dodge, a son-in-law of Benjamin Smith, and a relative
of Elder Silliman. He built his cabin on section 14, near the Essex
cabin, and took all the parts credited to him in other chapters, until
killed at Rock Island b}^ a desperado from Kentucky.
In ]\[arch, 1830, Squire Benjamin Smith. William P. Sewell, and
Greenleaf Smith arrived and erected the third building in the county,
near that of Dodge, who left his cabin to John E. Owings in 1831.
William D. Grant built a shanty on what Avas known as ''The James
Ilolgate Farm," in 1881, and in this year also came Thomas and Eliza-
beth Essex, parents of the pioneer settler, with their children, Thomas,
David, AVilliam, and Joseph Essex, and Mrs. Cooper with her husband
David. Harris W. Miner, mentioned at the beginning of the marriage
record, Peter Miner, and Sylvanus IMoore, named in the military, or-
ganic, legal and political chapters, and the quiet David Gregory, were
all here.
In 1832 Major McClenahan came to Spoon river early in the spring,
with nine of his children. He took possession of Peter Miner's cabin
near Wyoming, and resided there for a fcAV months until the first im-
provements were completed in Goshen township, known as the "■Mc-
Clenahan Settlement." The male adults of the family then were
Elijah, Elijah, Jr., James and Robert. AVithin this and the succeeding
two 3"ears came James Holgate, Miss Marsh, Thomas AVinn, Hugh
AYliite, Lewis Sturms, ]\Iinott Silliman, John Love, James ACorrow.
John P. Hayes, Jesse Heath, John AlcClure, Jason Hopkins, Hugh
Alontgomery, Elias Love, Thom. Leeks, A. Baker, Pardon B. Dodge,
and Henry and Samuel Seeley, some of whom l^rought large families.
Henry AlcClenahan came late in 1834, and the next year, Thomas
Bradford and Geo. Parker.
In December, 1835, a party arrived at Osceola Grove under the lead-
ership of Alajor Robert Moore. This })arty comprised the leader, with
James Buswell, Isaac Spencer, Thomas AVatts, Giles C. Dana, Peter
Pi-att, and Dr. Pratt, but all did not settle jiermanentlv there. In June,
1830, came William Hall, Mrs. AVilliam Hall, Robert and Mary Hall,
Archil)ahl A^andyke and wife, Charles A^andyke, Myrtle G. Brace,'^ Brady
EXPLORATION AND OCCUPATION. 67
Fowler, E. S. Brodhead, John Davis family, Henderson family, Thomas
family, William Mahany. William Godle}^ the Don-ance family. Will-
iam and Henry Dunbar, David and George ISinimerman. Motfetts,
Plodg-esons, Dunns, Wyckoffs, Websters, Emerys, Chatfields, Trickles,
Ecklevs, Likes or Lakes, Barnetts, and Jacob Sniitli, Henry Butler, Jar-
ville Chaffee, W. E. Buckingham (called by General Thomas the " Buke
of Duckingham" ), Simeon Ellis, Dextei' Wall, Ira and Cyril AVard, 8. G.
Worley, William Ogle, Adam Da}^ Henry Sweet, Asher W. Smith,
Lewis and Chris. Sammis, Ephraim Barrett, William Bowen, Adam
Perry, Eliphalet Ellzworthor Ellsworth, Samuel Love, Peter Sharer. L.
Townsend, Henry lireese, Samuel Butler, Henry Sweet, Hugh Frail,
Joseph Newton, Israel Seeley, Daniel Dobbins, and Henry and Matthias
Sturms. All may be said to be here prior to the close of the year 1836,
with others younger and less ])rominent, whose names appeal' in other
cha})ters. From the beginning of 1S3T to the spring of IS3I> numv
others joined the settlers here, com|)leting the picmeer circle, aud ready
to accept the res})onsibility of the local government granted to them m
the latter year. The following copy of the original assessment roil
almost covers the whole list of the pioneers of Stark county :
The assessment of 1839, for the first district of the new county,
was made by Isaac Spencer. In the following list the names of own-
ers and values of ])ersonal properties are given, the figures denoting
dollars: Avery, Zebulon. 344; Aveiy, Jose])h, r)(i(); Bayard, Epln-aim,
164v Bus well, James, 3o4; Brace, Mvrtle, 343; Currier, Asa, 22U; Currier,
David, 73; Carter, Timothy, 389; Dukes, Martin, 228; Davis, John, 364;
Ferris, Svlvanus, 55; Fowler, Brady, 144; Gruthage, Tlionias, <'.0;
Greenfield, Charles, 123; Gray, Sarah, 10(»; Hall, Robert, 4()9 ; Hall,
Thomas, 150; Hall, Langley, 43; Hall, AVilliam, 296; Harvey, Aai'on,
311 ; Hamilton, John, 15 ; Lyle, John and Thomas, 73(5 ; Lyle, William.
152 ; Leeson, John, 460 ; Moore, James M., 216 ; Moore, William, 310 ;
Moore, Robert, 229 ; Orsman, Morris, 30 ; Orsman, J^ennett, 40 : Oliver,
Thomas, 273 ; Parks, William, 3()6 ; l^ratt, Peter, 106 ; Ricker, Benja-
min, 342 ; Sweet, Henry, 118 ; Sturm, Henry S.. 340 ; Sturm, Samuel,
97; Sturm, Matthew, Jr., 97 ; Sturm, Nicholas, 295; Seeley, Israel, 59;
Seeley, Henry, 327; Smith, Asher, 196; Sturm, Matthias,' 257 ; Stone,
Liberty, 112; Spencer, Isaac, 347: Sharer, Robei't, 125; Turnbull,
Robert, 155; Turnl)ull, John, 203; Van Dyke, Arch, 113; Whitaker,
Oliver, 333 ; Winslow, Calvin, 312 ; Woodard, Daniel, 151 ; Woodard,
Smith, 125 ; Winters, John, 265 ; White. Hugh. <)(') ; White. Henry, S4 ;
Whitcher cV Vance, 135; Woodard. Alfred. 117 ; the total valuation
being |3,094.
The list of ])ersonal proi)erty in district No. 2. in the county of
Stark, with the names of the owners and value of the personal j)i'oj)erty,
assessed by John AV. Agard, for the year 1S39, is as follows, the tigui'es
denote value in dollars : John W. Agard, 3<>5 ; Moses IJoai'dnum, 71<>;
Thomas Bradford, 115; Henry Breeze, 197; Henry Butler, 682;
George Cargill, 375; Samuel Cam]), 4() ; Lewis L)avenport, loo ;
Lemuel S. Dorrance, 6lO; William W. Drnmniond, S8 ; Fli])halet
Ellsworth, 359 ; Chauncy Fiellen, 306); Jesse W. Heath, 125; James
Ilolgate, 775 ; Moses Jordan, loo ; Samuel Love, 224 ; Elijah McClena-
68 HISTOKY OF STAKK COLNTY.
han, -1:4:4 ; Nehemiah Merritt, 310 ; Sylvaniis Moore, 359 ; Benjamin
Newton, 120; Benjamin Newton, Jr., 45; Joseph Newton, 25Y ; George
Parker, 25 ; Virgil Pike, 149 ; Christopher Samas, 4,110 ; Samuel
Seely, 345; Peter Shafer, 104; AVhitne.y Smith, 653; Benjamin Smith, 30G;
Sewell Smitli. 148; Greenleaf Smith, 475; John Spencer, 230; Samuel
Thomas, 1,159 ; Leman Thurston, 123 ; Thomas Timmons, 170 ; Horace
Vail 201 ; Dexter Hall, 274; John A. Williams, 75; Thomas Winn,
357 ; the total valuation l)eing Sl5,916. The real estate in district No.
2 Avas also assessed by John W. Agard at ^14,880. The names of the
greater number of actual settlers are given in the list of original
entries.
The assessment of Massilon precinct or disti'ict No. 3 was made in
1839 bv J. H. Barnett. In the following list the names of owners and
values of personal ]iroperty are given : Arnold, Philander, 184 ;
Brown, John, 278; Burtield. Benjamin, 243 ; Burfield, Carson. 106;
Burfield, Jolm, 75 ; Barnett. Ephraim, 755; Barnett, James H., I(i4 ;
Clark. TlKjmas S., 280; Coldwell. Washington, 225 ; Coldwell, Thomas,
271 ; Coldwell, Presley, 135 ; Coldwell, Henry, 141 ; Cooley, Abraham,
442; Cox, Nathan, 308; Drummond, Benjamin, 419; Drummond,
Zorib. 152; Davis. Daniel. 190; Dunn. Augustus A., 230; Ecklev, George,
352 ; Emery. Fred W.. 250 ; Finch, Lewis, 216 ; Finley, John, 299 ;
Greenlee, Allen, 143 ; Greenfield, Bethnel, 75 ; D. and C. Gingrich,
326 ; Hanna, Kobert, 250 ; Janez, Michel, 218 ; Moler, John, who moved
to Iowa, 27 ; ]\Iatthews, Newton, 284 ; Ogle, Howard, 328 ; Powell,
Colvin, 235 ; Porter, William, 258 ; Porter. Edward, 141 ; Mounts,
Pero, 204; McClure, Joini, 8o8 ; Pratts, John, 395; Sheets, Peter, 970;
Smith, William, 435 ; Smitb, Jacob, 293 ; Shaw, Sumner, 188 ; Sturges,
David, merchant, 325; Simmerinan, Jacob, 75; Treekell, Jefferson,
<*>77 ; Treekell. Ste]:>lien, merchant, 736 ; Treekell, Edward, 399 ; Tree-
kell, Washington, 399 ; Thompson, Thomas, 9(» ; Wvckoff, Nehemiah,
301 ; Webster, William W., 230 ; Wriggan. William W., 100 ; and John
Whitzell, 135.
The list of ])roperty in district No. 4, in the county of Stark, with
the names of the owners and the value of the property, assessed by
Silas Richards for the year 1839. is as follows : Albright. George, 80;
liennett, Jeremiah, 2ln ; Brink. James, 47 ; Cue, William. 360 ; Cundiff,
John. 330; Coburn. William. 270; Dunbar, William, 693 ; Dunbar,
Henry, 419; Driscoll, Luthei', 615; Emery, Conrad, 538; Emery,
Jacob, 571 ; Emery. Jose])h ; 339 ; Emery, Jesse, 128; Eltgroth, Elijah,
40 ; Grant, Joshua, 145 ; Grant. Nelson', 155 ; Hodgson, Daniel, 425 ;
Ilodg-son, Jonathan, 726; Hester, John, 440; Hays, Harry, 845 ; Ives,
Henry, 220; Jackson, Barnabas M., 2,092; Jackson, George, 115;
Lundy, John, 254; Lake. William, 144; Lake. Reuben, 179; Miner,
Peter F., 485 ; Miner, Harris AV., 460; Miner, J. Ot. C. H., 1,336;
Miner, Jesse, 35; Maiming. Al)iah, 50; McClenaghan, Henrv, 455;
Mason, AYilliam. 397; McWilliams. John, 238; Parrish. Samuel. 270;
Parrish, Joel. 135; Palmer. Joseph, 320; Richards, Silas, 461; Rich-
ards, Milton, 392; Reed, Ira C, 50; Russell, John, 64; Shnmerman,
David, 535; Simmerman, George, 205 ; Sellen, Edward, 255 ; Stoddard,
Israel, 315; Stoddard, Marcus A., 125: White, John. 562; Wheeler,
EXPLORATION AND OCCUPATION. 69
William, l(i8 ; Pulhanioiis, Isaac, 24; Wilson, James J., 117. The
total \vi\s $17,824. The list of lands in the fourth district, in the
county of Stark, with the names of the owners and the value of the
lands assessed by Silas Richards, for the year 1839, comiirised the
names of Daniel Frost. Thomas G. Williams and Isaac Foster.
' At the close of the war between the United States and Fnglaiul in
1812, our government laid off a tract of land in Illinois for the sol-
diers who participated in that war. The land thus a}>pro))riated was
embraced in the region between the Mississi])pi and the Illinois rivers,
and extended as far northward as the north line of Bureau and Henry
counties. To it the name "Military Tract" was given, and by that
name this section is still known. Within this boundary is emlDraced
one of the most fertile regions of the globe. Scarcely liad Congress
made the proper provisions to enable the soldiers to secure their land
ere a few of the most dai'ing and I'esolute started to })ossess it. There
were only a few, however, who at first regarded their '' (juarter sec-
tion " of sufficient value to induce them to endure the hardships of
the ])ioneer in its settlement and im])rovement. ]\Iany of them sold
their patent to a fine ''prairie quarter" foi* one liuiuh-ed dollai's.
others for less, while some traded* theirs for a horse, a cow, or a watch,
regarding themselves as just so much ahead. This was a source of no
little trou])le to the actual settlers, as shown furthei' on in tliis volume,
for they could not always tell which quarter of land belonged to a
soldier, or which was " Congress land '' and could be ])re('m])ted.
Even when a settler found a suitable location known to be " ])atent
land," with a desire to purchase, he experienced great difficulty in
finding the owner, and often did nc^t find him until he had j)ut Imn-
di'eds of dollars' worth of improvements on it, when the patentee was
sure to ttirn up. It was seldom that a "patentee" could be found at
the time of settlement, and many of the early settlers presumed that
the owner never would be known ; but in many instances, after a
patent quarter section was made valuable by improvement, the original
patent would be brought on by some one, who would oust the occu-
pant and take ])ossession, sometimes })aying him something for his
improvements and sometimes not. Many holders of ]iatents had no
])ity. This condition of affairs presented a tem])tation to mei'ciiess
"land sharks," who would come intcj this section and woi'lv \\\) cases,
ostensibly for the original ])atentees, but really for theii- own pockets.
The most notorious of these was one Toliver Craig, who actually made
it a business to forge patents and deeds. This he cai-ried on exten-
sively from 1847 to 1854, especially in Knox and Fulton counties. He
had forty bogus deeds put on record in one day at Knoxville. He
was arrested in New York State in 18.54, by O. M. Boggess, of Mon-
mouth, and taken to the jail at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he attempted
suicide by arsenic ; but at the end of a year he was released on bail.
The settlers around Osceola Clrove, with men from other townships,
organized an anti-claim jumpers' society, which chc-cked, effectually, the
1 operations of the claim jum])ers, and enabled them to hold their lands
1 until purchased from the government.
CHAPTEK TV.
MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1860.
AKIIIA(4E was not always tlie voluntary proceedin*^- we
now find it. It ^vas compulsory among the Greeks. The
Spartans could not tolerate celibacy, and by the laws of
Lvcurgus criminal proceedings could be taken against those
wiio married too late or nnsuital)ly, as well as against those
who did not many at all. It went hard with the latter.
Should any man remain single bevond a certain age he was
])nblicly scorned, and was made to do penance by walking-
naked in the winter through the marketplace, singing a sati-
i-icid song on himself. In the French settlement of Canada women
were sent over after the men, and the single men, that they might be
forced to marry, were subjected to heavy taxation and to restrictions
on their trade and their movements generally. Those who married
were dealt with, on the other hand, in a generous s])irit. Not only
were thev ])rovided with a good wife and comfortable home, but they
were awarded according to the number of their offs]3ring. The father
of ten children was pensioned for life at the rate of 3o0 livresa year.
If he had twelve cliildren the allowance was increased to 400 livres,
and it went up to 1,2(>0 livres when fifteen children blessed the union.
The conditions were reversed in the English colonies, for there the
settlers eagerly welcomed the other sex, and did not hesitate to pay
traders heavily in tobacco weight for every marriageable woman they
In'ought over. As far l)ack, however, as 1695 the local authorities of
Eastham in Massachusetts voted that every unmarried man in the
township should kill six blackbirds or three crows yearly while he re-
mained single, ])rodncing the scalps in proof, an<l as a penalty for not
ol)eying the order he was forbidden to marry until he had made up all
ai-rears. The requirement in this case was almost nominal ; but it was
not so in'Marvland, where half a century later the Colonial Assembly
imposed a tax of five shillings yearly upon all bachelors above thirty-
five years of age (and on widowers without children) who were pos-
sessed of 4'3oo. There was a similar oraduated tax on bachelors in Eno--
land in tiie I'eign of William III. Any commoner who was a bach-
elor at twenty-five had to i)ay a shillint)- fine, yearly, and the amount
was mcreased in accor'(hince with rank or title, any ducal ofi'ender
being taxed t(j the extent of i;12 lOs. yearly. The taxes grew heavier
l)efore they were removed, and the time came when bachelors were
called upon to ])ay an extra tax on their servants. Thus we see the
olil states as well as young ones have found out that their prosperity
depends u[K)n its married citizens. The best subjects, as Lord I>acon
70
MAKKIAGE KECOKD 1881-1866. 71
points out, are those in this relationship, the reason he o-ives for this
conclusion being that single are " light to runaway," while " he that
hath a wife and children hath given hostages to fortune."
The marriage record of Spoon River precinct of Putnam county,
from 1831 to 1839, is as follows :
1832.
Feb. 16. Daniel Warren and Luoy Skeel, by Samuel 1). Laughlin, J. P.
1833.
Jan. 1. Richard Hunt and Ruth Harram, by Samuel D. Laughlin, J P.
1834.
Nov. Ki, Emanuel Hitclujock and Rebecca Merrill, by Benj. Smith, J. P.
1836.
Dexter Wall and Sarah Starks, by Benj. Smith, J. P.
Nero W. Mounts and Nancy Martindale, by Benj. Smith, J. P.
Geo. F. Thomas and Elizabeth Romble, by W. M. Stewart, J. P.
Martin Batterton and America Taylor, by Benj. Smith, J. P.
1837.
Henry James and Margaret Wilkinson, by Luther Driscoll, M. G.
Jerry R. Larkins and Sarah Ann Davis, by J. B. Chenoweth.
Nelson Dugan and Mary A. Stroude, by W. M. Stewart, J. P.
Wm. M. Young and Nancy H. Glenn, by J. B. Chenoweth, M. G.
John P. Judson and Maria Wattles, by J. B. Chenoweth, M.G.
Isaac Baker and Eliza Ash, by J. B. Chenoweth, M. G.
Joseph Cox and Catherine Edwards, by J. W. Agard, J. P.
Langley Hall and Sarah Ligo, by M. G. Brace, J. P.
1838.
April 10. W. W. Drummond and Jemima McClenahan, by Jonathan
Miner, M. G.
Samuel Love and Catherine Taylor, by J. W. Agard, J. P.
Jacob Zenor and Elvira Skeels, by B. Harris, M. G.
Joseph K. Lane and Emily Chaffee, by J. W. Agard, J. P.
W. A. Drummond and Ruth Cox, by J. W. Agard, J. P.
Samuel Sterne and Elizabeth Phenix, by M. G. Brace, J. P.
Thomas Timmons and Mary Jane Davis, by J. W. Agard, J. P.
1839.
Robert W. Clanahan and Lucy A. Richards, by Jonathan Miner.
David Currier and Rebecca Jane Parks, by W. G. Vail, M. G,
Geo. Simmerman and Phcebe Richmond, by Jonathan Miner.
Mar. 13. Dan. Woodward and Mary A. Haditat, by M. G. Brace, J. P.
During this time a license was issued to Minott Silliman, hut as the
ceremony was not jjerfornied in Putnam county the document and
certificate were recorded at St. Louis in 1833.
The marriage of llai-ris W. Miner and Miss Nancy C-Ji'oss, in the
winter of 1831-2, was the lirst between white American settlers within
the bounds of Stark county. Squire Hiram M. Curry, of Peoria
5
Mar.
17.
April
May
Oct.
38,
19.
10.
April
July
5.
4,
i (
15,
Aug.
17.
h b
34.
Oct.
31.
Nov.
13.
Dec.
13.
a
15.
May
31,
Sept.
35,
Oct.
3.
((
4,
Dec.
16.
o
Jan.
O,
it
8.
Feb.
38.
72 TIISTOKY OF STAKK COUXTY.
county, was the celebrant. In 1832 Nero W. Mounts married the
AVi(h)\v ]\rartindale. Squire Benjamin Smith officiating.
"In Febrnarv. 1S3-1-." says Mrs; Shallenl)urger. •* thei-e was a wed-
ding' at tlie house of James Ilolgate. of which we can still learn some-
thino". This was between a ii-entleman bv the name of ]\IcClure and a
sister of Airs. Holgate. Miss Marsh. The guests were Mr. and Airs.
Sylvanus Moore, Mr. and Airs. Greenleaf Smith, Air. and Airs. John
Dodofe, Air. and Airs. Samuel Seelev and Jesse Heath. AVhether
Squire Smith or some wandering jireaclier performed the ceremony,
Mr. Holgate did not inform us, but said he had, in 1834. but a cal)in
sixteen feet square, and well filled with the usual comforts of })ioneer life.
They took the door from its hinges to add to the tal)le. and as tlie
weather was mild for the season, the men stood outside while the
feast was spread. Then ' bee gums ' were brought in and puncheons
laid on them for seats, and the}" had an excellent dinner, no scarcity of
anything Init room. The re]iast over, the men had again to retire to
the ' sky parlor " until the table could be cleai'ed and the door restored
to its place, when the}' all managed to get inside and had a gay time.
But the toilets must be left to the imagination of the reader."
The first marriao'e license in this countv was issued bv the first
clerk, over forty years ago. AVe give the form of the license and cer-
tificate in full :
State of Illinois, Stakk County, ss. —
I, Oliver Wliitaker, Clerk of the County Commissiouers Court of the County of
Stark, do hereby authorize any regular minister of the Gospel. Judge or .Justice of the
Peace, to unite in marriage William Charles and Esther Stoddard ; and the minister.
Judge or Justice of the Peace who may unite the above named parties shall make a certiti-
cate of the same and return it to me within thirty days, as the law directs.
In testimony whereof. I have hereunto set mv hand and private seal (there being no
official seal provided) at Osceola, this 16th day of April, A. D. 1839.
Oli\ter Whitakek,
Clerk:
State of Illlsois, Stark Coixty.
I hereby certify that, on the IStli day of April. A. I). IX'Si), I joined in the holy state
of matrimony, 'Sir. ^^'illiam Charles and Miss Esther .Stoddard, according to the usual
custom and law of the State of Illinois. Given under my hand and seal this 18th day of
April, A. D. 1839. " Lutiieu Dkiscoll, "
Minixti r of the Gospel.
The record of nuirriage certificates entered in tliis county from
this time to the close of 1866 is as follows :
1831).
Wm. Ch;irle.s and Esther Stoddard, by Litther Dri.scoll, AI. (i.
Le^vls Peny and Clarrissa AI. Elliot, by Jonathan Aliiier, AI. G.
Egbert Ellsworth and Sarah Parrish, by J. W. Agard, J. P.
Robert Colwell and Afaria AleCTenahan. bv Jonathan Afiner,
M. G.
Abel Stevens and Kosaniia Davis, by W. F. \'ail. M. G.
Jacob Simmennan anrl Alalinda Sheets, bv Jonathan Hodgson,
J. P.
Luther Driseoll and Lydia Parrish. by Luther Driscoll, AI. G.
Joseph Sloeum and Eliza AIcKellogg, by Silas Eiehards, J, P.
Wm. F. Thomas and Alarv Butler, bv John W. Asfard. J. P.
April
1 IS.
18.
Alay
10.
a
30.
July
8.
Aug.
15.
Oct.
16.
a
20.
Nov.
21.
MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 78
Nov. 21. Ira Ward, Jr., and Elizabeth Butler, by John W. Agard, J. P.
" 28. Andrew Dray and Parmelia Winter, by John W. Agard, J. P.
Dec. 9. John Rickey and Clarrissa Sweet, by John AV. Agard, J. P.
1840.
Jan. 2. Josiah Drummonds and Lucretia Colwell, by Joseph Perry, J. P.
" 9. Robert Hall and Harriett Marsh, by Samuel Camp, J. P.
" 29. Oaks Turner and Rebecca G. Butler, by AVilson Pitner, M. G.
April 2. James K. McC-leniuiban and Anna Pollock, bv W. F. Vail, M. G.
" 14. AVm. H. Butler and :\Iary Fuller, by Wilson Pitner, M. G.
'' 23. John Riggen and Anna Botliwell, by Washington Trickle, J. P.
May 5. Wm. Porter and Eleanor Hamilton, l)y W. F. Vail, M. G.
April 30. Ezekial Dukes and Margaret Wright, ^by W. P. Vail, M. G.
" 29. James Pollock and Mary Parrish, by W. F. Vail, M. G.
May 14. Alex. B. Hamilton and Mary C. Pratz, by John Finley, J. P.
" 3. Wm. E. Elston and Eliza Sweet, by Samuel Camp, J. P['
July 5. Everett Elston and Mary Howard, by Samuel Camp, J. P.
Aug. 24. Stephen Ordaway and Phtebe Stiles, by Jonatban Hodgson, J. P.
Sept. 5. Ira C. Reed and Maria Charles, by Luther Driscoll, M. G.
" 21. William Tener and Christiana Coleman, by John Miller, P. J. P.
'* 24. Samuel Maycock and Augusta Currier, by Samuel Camp, J. P.
Oct. 4. Henry S. Cooper and Elizabeth Manter, by Silas Richards, J. P.
" 11, Theodore F. Hurd and Catherine M. Driscoll, by Luther Dris-
coll, M. G.
" 25. JohnAV; Henderson and Mary Perry, by Jonathan Miner, M. G.
Nov. 26. Sylvester Glass and Oliver Electa Lane, by John Miller, P. J. P.
" 'ZQ. Ira T. Dibble and Lucretia Elmira Lane, by John Miller, P. J. P.
Dec. 8. W. F. White and Juliana i\[urphy, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
" 23. Charles C. Blish and Elizabeth Boner, by Luther Driscoll, M. G.
1841.
Jan. 3. Joseph Newton and Jane White, by James B. Chenoweth, M. G.
" 7. C. D. Fuller and Lydia Avery, by Samuel Camp, J. P.
j\Iar. 4. Samuel G. Butler and S. L. Ward, by Jonathan Miner, M. G.
" 13. Joseph C. Avery and Martha Marsh, by Wm. Parks, J. P.
'' 18. Thomas G. Pattison and Sarah Stinbrook, by Jonathan Hodg-
son, J. P.
" 18. Marcus A. Stoddard and Lucinda A. Geer, by Jonathan Miner,
M. G
April 8. John Burfield and Emily Colwell, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
" 18. LTrial T. Simmerman and Juliet Richards, by Jonathan Hodg-
son, J. P.
" 22. James Albro and Amy Lake, by Luther Driscoll, M. G.
May 9. Carson Burfield and Eliza McClenahan, by Joseph Perry, J. P.
June 24. Zarah Sweet and Sarah Stevens, by Samuel Camp, J. P.
" 24. Gabriel Bowen and Nancy Carter, by Aug. Richards, J. P.
July o. J. A. Parker and Ann Eliza Manning, bv Jonatban Miner, M. G.
" 15. John C. Albro and Mary A. Chatfield, by Luther Driscoll, M. G.
" 27. Patrick Neval and Jane Pounds, by Jonatban Hodgson, J. P.
No date. Noah Fogg and Eliza Smith, no record.
Sept. 26. Daniel Smith and Henrietta Eagon, by AVashington Trickle, J. P.
Oct. 17. John Bishop and Clariuda Williams, by Edward Trickle. ,7. P.
'' 4. Minot Sillimau and Henrietta Bathen, by Junatlian Hodgson.
" 24. Joseph Blanchardand Ann AVliite, by AVm. Parks, J. P.
74 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
Thomas Graves and Xancy A. Cox, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
Eugenus Frum and Elizabeth Barnett, by Jonathan Miner.
G. A. Hough and Elizabeth Clark, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G.
John Pryor and Mary Ilalsted, by Jonathan Hodgson, J. P.
Joseph N. Benedict and Martha Bui-field. by Jonathan Hodg
son, J. P.
Imri Merchant and Martha Brotjks, by Jonathan Miner. M. G.
Miles A. Fuller and Ann Avery, by Wni. Parks, J. P.
1842.
Charles Bolt and Catherine Slifer, by W. F. Yail, M. G.
Seth B. Bristol and Rebecca Pollock, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
B. S. Helvard and Sabrina Logan, bv John Miller, P. J. P.
L. 0. Riddle and Eliza Smith, by John Miller, P. J. P.
W. G. Knaggs and Laura Ann A. Little, by Samuel G. Wright.
James H. Beebe and Lucy A. Stoddard, by Samuel G. Wright.
Solomon Geer and Xancy Phenix, by Peter S. Shaver. J. P.
Daniel P. Reed and Leanna Carter, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
Reuben Col well and Elizabeth Springer. l)y Edward Trickle.
April 21. James B. Witter and Margery Eckley,t)y Edward Trickle, J. P.
Henry Sweet and Melinda Stevens, by Samuel Camp. J. P.
Isaac Pulhamons and Lutitia Dunbar, by Jonatlum Miner, M. G.
Simon Sturm and S. S. ]\[iller, by Wm. Moore, J. P.
W. W. Winslow and Lucy M. Fuller, by Wm. Parks, J. P.
John Stewart and Aurrilla Parrish, by Jonathan Hodgson, J. P.
Alex H. Swiger and Xancv L Jolinson. bv Wilson Pitner. M. G.
Wm. Clark and Emeline Walter, by John M. Miller, M. G.
James Davis and Sarah Jane Dunbar, by Jonathan Hodgson.
James P. Denby and Lucinda Bostwick. by Augustus Richards.
James McXaught and Elizabeth Durana. by Jonathan Hodgson.
Robert Rule and Charlotte Oliver, by W. F. Vail, M. G.
Smith Hays and Jane Dray, by Samuel Camp, J. P.
1843.
Henry Sellon and Phcebe Stoddard, by Jonathan Miner, M. G.
Wm. Ackley and Angeline Scofield, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G.
Samuel Ridgeway and Icy B. Miller, by Peter S. Shaver, J. P.
Lewis Bayley and Mary Lake, by Levi Chase, M. G.
Egbert Ellsworth and Olin E. Glass, by John Sanders. M. G.
John Swab and Mary Jane Emery, by AVashington Trickle. J. P.
Oliver Moore and Hester Ann Thurston, by Peter S. Shaver.
David Essex and Xancy E. Wilkison, by Jonathan Anthony,
Pastor M. E. church.
Bevel Beardsley and Martha Xixon. by Luther Driscoll, M. G.
Edmund Winslow and Eliza P. Currier, by Alfred H. Murray.
Charles Lake and Eliza Ann Davis, by Edward Trickle. J. P.
John Cundiff and Ruth Stites, by Jonathan Miner. M. G.
John Augur and Lucinda Snyder, by Jonathan Hodgson.
Smith Woodward and Sarah Jordan, by Lewis Austin, J. P.
Lucius E. Miner and M. Louisa Culbertson, by Jonathan Miner.
Thomas Hinges and Ann Carney, by John \V. Agard, J. P.
1844.
Jan. 29. Lyman Hanchett and Lucinda Jane Simmerman, by George W.
Jackson, J. P.
Oct.
28.
<(
28.
Dec.
3.
((
5.
a
24.
a
30.
a
31.
Jan.
17.
Feb.
3.
a
10.
ii
10.
a
24.
i .'
24.
Mar.
3.
a
31.
''
2T.
April 21.
" 21.
* .'
21.
i I
28.
June
8.
(.'
30.
July
14.
fc t
31.
Oct.
10.
i(
26.
Xov.
8.
Dec.
25.
ti
22.
Jan.
2.
Feb.
9.
<•
19.
Mar.
20.
April
July
1 5.
6.
20.
Aug.
17.
Sept.
Oct.
4.
12.
<(
18.
a
22.
Xov.
30.
Dec.
3.
ii
12.
et
28.
MARRIAGK KKUORD 1831-1866. 75
Feb. 6. Jonathan Prattz and Eliza Jane Murphy, by Samuel G. Wright.
'- 30. David Emery and Mary Albright, by John Berfield, J. P.
•' 25. (leorge 1). Sturm and Marian Jordan, by Lewis Austin, J. l\
Mar. 34. Caleb A. Mounts and Naomi Newton, by James B. Clienoweth.
" 38. James H. Dunn and Patty Ann Sturm, by Lewis Austin, J. P.
May 0. Theo. Pulhanunis and Elfza L. Hodgson, by A. E. Phelps, M. G.
"• 14. Ansel Fuller and Lydian Sweet, by James Buswell, J. P.
" 31. Levi Leek and Emily M. Pomery, by Jonathan Miner, M. (1.
June 1. John Murphy and ^lartha Hester, by Jonathan Hodgson, P. J. P.
'•' 6. Amza Newman and Sylva Jackson, by Lewis Austin, J. P.
" 39. Jeremiah P. Ward and Almira Day, by Jonathan Miner, M. G.
Aug. 11. James Jackson and Elizabeth Sturm, by Lewis Austin, J. P.
Oct. 1. Vickery Nation and Kosanna Pro, by Lewis Austin, J. P.
Nov. 31. Isaac C. Reed and Luna A. Pomeroy, by Daniel Bagley, M. G.
Oct. 14. Robert M. Moore and Maria White, by James lk;swell, J. P.
Nov. 38. Alexander W. Albro aiul Hester Ann Wilcox, by Hervey J.
Rhodes, J. P.
Dec. 5. David H. Long and Eliza J. Simmerman, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
'' 14. James Greenough and Ellen Barrett, by Jonathan Anthony.
" 34. George Sheets and Charlotte Simmerman, by Edward Trickle.
1845.
-Jan. ID. J. H. Martindale and Rachel Ricketts, by John Bertield, J. P.
" 36. James Bishoj) and Charlotte J. Arnold, by John Bertield, J. P.
Feb. 33. David Gv/yre and Sarah Colwell, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
Mar. 30. Samuel Bad ham aiul Marv Richards, by Robert McClenahan.
April 34. Oliver B. Manley ami Eliza Prattz, by Samuel G. Wright, M. G.
'• 13. John Louis and Ellen Howard, by James Holgate, J. P.
May 5. Hall S. Gregory and Flora Newton, by James 13. Chenoweth.
'' 8. John A. Maxtield and Jane Winter, by Jonathan Anthonv.
'•• 37. Stephen W. Eastman and Susana M. Gill, by Elisha Gill, M. G.
June 5. Thomas B. Donnelly and Margaret Wilhelm. by John Bertield.
•• 1(5. Therrygood Riggen and Mariah Hubbell. by John Miller, J. P.
Aug. 3. Hosea Bulkley and Mary Nicholson, by Daniel l^agley, M. G.
8. Oliver S. Avei-y and Eliza Jane Atherton, by John Miller, J. P.
Sept. 0. Bushrod Tapp and Mary Jane Essex, by Jonathan Anthony.-
Nov. 11. George A. Worley and Mary A. Carter, by I. G. Whitcomb.
" 18. Henry Seeley and Amanda Boardman, by I. G. Whitcomb, M. G.
"' 17. William Fenn and Anna Hester, by Jonathan Hodgson, P. J. P.
Dec. 11. James White and Anna Parmer, by Daniel Bagley, M. G.
1840.
Jan. 15. Amza Newman antl Sarah AVoodward, by Jonathan Hodgson.
'' 18. John Springer and Sarah Coleman, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
Feb. 35. Jacob W. Blake and Susan L. Powell, by Daniel Bagley, M. G.
" 19. Adam Oliver and Polly Ann Parks, by W. J. Eraser, M. G.
Mar. 10. David Bedford and Mary Knapp, by H. R. Halsey, J. P.
April 19. Avery A. Reed and Orselia Pomeroy, by Daniel Bagley, M. G.
'' 11. William Kinsey aiul Pauline Wilson, by Samuel G. Wright.
June 2. William E. Foster and Sylvia C. Arnold, by Samuel G. Wright.
July 3. Orrin Bates and Elizabeth Vail, by John Miller, J. P.
Aug. 38. Thomas A. Leonard and Harriet E. McClure, ])y Luther Dris-
coll, M. G.
Nov. 19. Jackson Dunbar and Mary Ann Wright, by Freeborn Haney.
76 HISTORY OF STAKK COUNYY.
John Hodgson and Abigail Hester, by John Miller, J. P.
Washington Dunbar and Anna Lee, by John Miller, M. P.
1847.
Thomas P. Camron and Cynthia Hyler, by Edward Trickle, J. P.
David Howard and Thankful A. Elston, by John Miller, J. P
Benjamin Brooks and Amanda J. Rounds, by Harvey J, Rliodes.
Charles W. Todd and Abby Ann Dudley, by Samuel G. Wright.
Henry Colwell and Clarinda Ebby,by John Berfield, J. P.
Thomas Riggen and Maria Roiands, by John Berfield, J. P.
David P. Wintro and Louisa Edwards, by H. J. Rhodes, J. P
Joel Thurston and JNIalinda Ratcliff, by John Miller, J. P.
David D. DriscoU and Josephine jM. Berger, by Luther Driscoll.
Sylvanus AV. Warner and Emeline Otis, by James M. Stickney.
Amza Newman and Phoebe Greenfield, by John Miller, J. P.
Nathan H. Jones and Susan S. Hubbell, by Samuel G. Wright,
David H. Long and Angela M. Thompson, by Edward Trickle.
Stephen Frye and Sarah E. Essex, by John Miller, J. P.
Lyman 0. Riddle and Margaret Runyan, by John Miller, J. P.
Samuel Thomas and Ann Oziah, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Henry F. Miller and Elizabeth P. Winslow, by Charles M.
Johnson, J. P.
Minott Silliman and Lutetia Oziah, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
George D.Young and Catherine Parmenter, bv John Miller, J. P.
Caleb M. S. Lyons and S. Eliza Rhodes, by S. G. Wright, ^1. G.
Charles W. Caswell and Christiana Tenen. by Charles M. John-
son, J. P.
Dec. 28. Peter Nyberg and Louisa Anderson, by I. I. Headstrom, J. P.
1848.
Jacob Springer and Samantha L. White, by C. M. S. Lyons, J. P.
Emanuel Gunsaul and Missouri Ann Dunbar, by Moses Jared.
David M. Taylor and Suey Ann Powell. byC. M. S. Lyons, J. P.
Robert Bathan and Jeruslia Berger. by John ^liller, J. P.
Daniel Phenix and Jane Moore, by Elisha Gill. M. G.
Mnr. T. Michael Newell and Mary Emery, by Rev. Raphael Rainaldi.
priest.
April '2. Jeduthan S. Hopkins and Ann L. Rouse, by Josiah Moffit, J. P.
2. Cyril Ward and Mary McNaught, by C. M. S. Lyons, J. P.
May -1. Javil Chaffee and ]Mary Jane Boardman, by Josiah Moffit. J. P.
4. James Essex and Elizabeth Essex, by Josiah Moffit, J. P.
" 25. Albert B. Butler and Catherine Atherton, by Richard Radley.
" 30. Alexander Rule and Betsey Oliver, bv John Turnbull. J. P.
June 3. Luther Geer and Polly ^loore. by Luther Driscoll. M. G.
" 5. Alexander Christy and Irena Sheets, by Josiah Moffit, J. P.
" 15. Jacob Simmerman and Amelia Lane, by C. M. S. Lyons, J. P.
July 4. AVilliam A. Sweet and Jane Persons, by H. I. Humphreys. M. G.
" 19. John Barnhill and Penninah Hockenbarrv.bv S. G. Wright. M.G.
Aug. 17. Perry Stancliff and Marthv Davis, bv Josiah ]\Ioffit, J. P.
'' 17. Elder Abv and :\rarv AnnMuri^hv, bv W. P. King, M. G.
" 31. William Waddell and Esther Neelev," by John R. Rounds. J. P.
'' 30. William Lyie, jr., and Margaret McCreath, bv S. G. Wright, M. G.
Sept. 10. Charles Rood and Elizabeth Lyle, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
" 17. David W. Bennett and Mary Ann Dodge, by Moses Jared, M. G.
Dec.
20,
((
24.
Feb.
27.
Mar.
18.
li
30.
Apri:
I 4.
a
5.
May
6.
i\
25.
June
19.
July
9
a
8.
a
IG.
a
20.
Aug.
2.
a
2.
a
26.
Sept.
29.
i i
30.
Nov .
4.
Oct.
25.
Nov.
20.
a
2G.
Jan.
2.
Feb.
8.
ii
13.
a
24.
a
24.
MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866.
t i
Sept. 21. Charles B. Smith and Sarah J. Snyder, by H. K. Halsey, J. P.
Oct. 1. George Prsson and Marta Erie Dotr, by I. I. lledstrom, M. G.
" 31. Aaron Tyler, jr.. and Elizabeth Buswell, by S. G. Wriglit. M. G.
Nov. 5. George Elston and Mary Ann Imes, by Joshua Gilfinan, J. P.
" 9. Argelon Graves and Lucy Ann Boardman, by John Miller, J. P.
Dec. 12. Peter Johnson and ^lary Johnson, by I. I. Hedstrom, M. G.
1849.
Jan. 1. Walter Fuller and Chloe M. Rowe, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
" 7. Jeffrey A.Cooley and Louisa Culbertson, by S. G. Wright, M.G.
" 18. AVilliam A. Stites and Lovice Hodgson, by Absalom AVoolescroft.
Feb. 8. Stanley Morgan and Lydia Long, liy Charles M. Johnson, J. 1*.
" 10. Bennett C. Lee and Elizabeth Knight, by John Miller, J. P.
March 1. John Snyder and Susan S. Wright, by H. R. Halsey, J. P.
" 15. William E. Dunn and Angelina H. Wvckoff, by Samuel (!.
Wrio-ht, M. (i.
" 11. Isaac Sturms and Jane Stedham, bv Joshua Gilfinnan, J. P.
'' 30. William B. Smith and Eliza McXaught, by John :\[iller, J. P.
" 27. John Potter and Charity Ann Young, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
April 1. Banajah Orsman and Mary Jane Sturm, by James Holgate, J. P.
" 9. Andrew Parker and Adeline D.Knowlton, by James Holgate, J. P.
" 26. Willard F. Clark and Sarah Haekenberry. by John Cummings.
May 7. Jacob Holgate and Alvena Williams, by John Miller, J. P.
'' 27. Thomas W. Ross and Margaret J. Armstrong, by Samuel (r.
Wright, M. G.
" 29. Thonuis J. Henderson and Henrietta Butler, by Richard Radley.
June 14. William P. AVilliams and Joanna Stidham, by S. G. Wright.
'' 20. Jones Wai'd and Martha Wicksals, by Jonathan Hodgson, M. G.
*' 25. Martin Shallenberger and Eliza Jane Hall, by Samuel G.
Wright. M. (i.
July 4. Craig Headley and Emeline Garner, by H. J. Rhodes, P. J. P.
5. James H. ("onley and Alinerva Ann Hall, by J. F. Thompson.
Aug. 13. George Ilammon and Konar Reader, by C. M. Johnson, J. P.
Sept. 27. Hirain H. Drawver and Mary Phenix, by S. G. Wright, M.G.
" 23. Charles H. Turner and Eliza" Ricketts, by S. G. AV right, M. G.
Oct. 12. Albert Peters and Martha Crex, by I. I. Hedstrom, M. G.
'' 30. Avery A. Reed and Rhoda AV alters, by Luther Driscoll, M. (i.
Nov. 15, John Leffler and Frances A^'ilkinson, by John Miller, J. P.
" 27. Andrew Oliverand Helen Turnbull, by Samuel G. AVriglit, M.G.
Dec. 24. John P. Barnett and Catherine Miller, l)y .lohn ^liller, J. P.
1850.
Jan. 1. Peter Nelson and Clarinda Haskins, by John Miller, J. P.
" IG. Abner Sturm and Eliza Sturm, by AV." AV. AVinslow, J. P.
" 31. AVm. G. Thompson and Alary Stiles, by Absalom Woolescroft.
Feb. 14. AVelleston K. Fuller and Sarah" Oziah, by John Miller, J. P.
April 1. Ethan A. Corn well and Edith Emery, by Milton P^ckley, J. P.
" 7. Benj. F. Edwards and Catherine Eckley, by Milton Eckley, J. P.
'■' 14. Perry AVinn and Sarah Graus, by John Miller. J. P.
" Ki. 0. B. Mauley ami Elizabeth Aton, by M. P. King, M. G.
'' 11. Miles A. Fuller and Elizabeth S. AA^alker, by James B. Chenoweth.
" 21. Robert Cox and Susan Guyre, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
May 11. James C. Egbert and Catherine Swank, by Jacob Young, J. P.
" " Julius Ives and Eliza Newton, by Sam. G. AV right, M. G.
78 HISTORY OF STAKK COl'NTV.
Nathan Snare and Lydia Davidson, by Absalom Woolescroft, M.Gr.
Henry Clay Henderson and lantha Fuller, by Sam. G. Wriglit.
James A. 5lorris and ALce (Jreenougli, by Isaac Thomas. J. P.
Mardonius Durand and Mahala M. St. Peters, by Jacob Young.
Verness Brown and Phoebe Stofer, by Eev. James M. Stickney.
Peter A. Grass and Elizabeth Ann Wooley, by John Miller, J. P.
Daniel Gingrich and Lucinda Porter, by M. P. King, M. G.
Daniel McKee and Sarah Jane Sturm, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P.
Elis Deas and Mary A. Simmerman, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Benj. C. Leonard and Susan Durand, by John Miller. J. P.
Edwin E. Boardman and Hannah Fuller, by Sam. G. Wright.
John Miller and Hannah Swank, by Jacob Young, J. P.
John L. Blanchard and Esther Stowell, by Joseph Catterlin (Seal).
James K. Lashellsaud Saraii M. Williams, by Wm. M. Clark, M. G.
Wm. L. Howard and Susan Wright, by James Holgate, J. P.
Andrew J. Finley and Margaret J. Carter, by John Miller, J. P.
David Simmerman and Sarah A. Durand. by Jacob Young, J. P.
Henry Hitchcock and Adaline Newton, by Miles A. Fuller. J. P.
James Wolf and Tiantha Livermore, by Jacob Young, J. P.
James D. Hodgson and Eoxanna Eisdon. by Eev. Wm. Gaddis.
Elijah Greenfield and Mary F. Winter, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P.
Sylvester Greenfield and Mahala Winter, by Miles A. Fuller.
Hugh Y. Godfrey and Frances E. McCance. by Eev. A. Gross.
Wm. E. Jones and Elizabeth W. Littell, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P.
Wm. Newton and Malinda Shaw, by W. W. Winslow, J. P.
Aaron N. Fitch and Martha Martz, by Eev. A. Gross.
Newton Eussell and Susan M. Blake, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P.
Leonard C. Drawyer and Catherine ^l. Shavers, bv Wiles A.
Fuller, J. P.
1851.
Jesse Williams and Mary Ann Green, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Stephen D. Brees and Julia Drawyer, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P.
Homer Laird and Olive Carothers, by John Miller, J. P.
George M. Hazen and Margaret Prattz, by M. P. King, M. G.
William F. Berrian and Ann Barnhill, by Sam. G. Wright, M. G.
James Osterliout and Filicia Malvina Shaver, bv Miles A. Ful-
ler, J. P.
Joseph W. Halsted and KeziaB. Gaddes, by John Sinclair, M. G.
Caleb Brooks and Mary Thompson, by Luther Driscoll, M. G.
Joseph C. Jackson and Susan Dalrymple. by Miles A. Fuller.
Thomas N. Fitch and Clarinda Taylor, by Dan. J. Hurd. J. P.
Jonas Eimes and Marv Lacev, bv Sam. G. Wright. M. G.
Zelur Snell and Elizabeth Sturm, by W. W^. Winslow, J. P.
John J. Shockley and Melissa Pound, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Abram Phenix and Esther C. Moore, by W. W. Winslow, J. P.
Christopher Trickle and Agnes Dwire, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Silas Pound and Louisa D. Smith, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Thomas J. Elliot and Mary C. Dudley, by A. Gross, M. G.
Wm. M. Miner and Mary Miner, by A. Gross, ^I. G.
Wm. Morrison and Esther Colwell,"by John Miller. J. P.
Jefferson Winn and Larinda Wheeler, by John Miller, J. P.
James H. Newton and Hester Ann McCance, by A. Gross, M. G.
Jacob Emery and Lydia Driscoll, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
May
June
25.
12.
July
25.
Aug.
11.
ee
a
a
15.
i i
18.
i<
25.
C(
29.
Sept.
3.
12.
ii
15.
a
17.
a
22.
li
26.
Oct.
6.
a
10.
Nov.
17.
a
14.
ii
21.
a
28.
a
28.
Dec.
20.
Nov.
28.
Dec.
8.
i<
8.
a
9.
a
15.
Jan.
30.
Feb.
8.
a
20.
a
a
Mar.
28,
a
30,
Apri
May
1 3,
1,
21
a
28,
June
1 15,
>(
25,
July
Sept,
14,
i
9,
< i
21
a
21,
i(
21
a
25,
. a
28
i i
28
Oct.
9,
Oct.
12,
i.
12.
a
23.
i(
22.
I e
26.
Nov.
4.
i(
5.
i k
27.
Dec.
1^
>•
Ki.
i i
24.
k i
28.
a
;50.
Jan .
8.
'•
19.
a
21.
a
a
25.
Fol).
12.
^*
13.
i b
18.
.Mar.
11.
••
15.
a
18.
i i
18.
a
20.
i i
21.
••
25.
April
[ 1.
a
4.
i<
rv
1 .
a
13.
i i
15.
ie
31,
May
2,
i k
2.
i e
12,
a
22.
cc
25,
"
15.
July
4,
June
20,
July
18,
22
*'
25,
Aug.
8
(t
16,
i I
22
JVIAERIAGPJ KKCOKI) 1831-1866. 79
Isaac Dimmick and Xancy Sturm, by W. A¥. Winslow. J. I*.
Jarvis S. Berger and ]\Iary 11. Smith, l)y John F. Tliompson.
Samuel G. Avery and Marietta Day, by Sam. (i. Wright. J. 1*.
John Motes and Lucretia Drummond, by Johu Miller. J. \\
Stoughton Lamoree and Rosanna Sheets, by Jolin Miller. .1. !'.
John Chatt'ee and Mary Ann Fast, by John Miller, J. \\
Patrick M. Blair and Harriet M. Hall, by Sam. Cf. AVright. M. (;.
David Oziah and Lydia Ann Updike, by John Miller. J. P.
Wanton Briggs and Temperance ])avidsou. by C. Lazenby.
John Pouse and Lydia Wooden, by Isaac 'I'homas, J. P.
Addison G. Blanchard and Mary M. Bagley, by John P. Fckles.
Linens I). Piehmond and Elizabeth A. Pouse, "by Isaac Thomas.
Daniel Keim and Sarah llai'twell, by C. Lazenby, M. (J.
1852.
James Biggs and Eliza Ann Tapp, by G. Lazenby, M. G .
Calvin Butler and Eliza Ilarter, by John Finley. J. P.
Charles II. Winter and Sarah A. E. Dray, by C'. Lazenby. M. G.
Peter Fast and Elizabeth Atlierton, by A. (iross, M. (i."
Noah Springer and Elizabeth Eby, by John Finley, J. P.
John Deadly and Marv Albro, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P.
Nicholas C."Buswell and Ellen Fowler, by \V. W. AVinslow, J. P.
Sylvester M. Armstrong and Elizabeth Eedfield. by II. H. llal-
sey, J. P.
Pobert Jordan and Sarah Dixon, by John xMiller, J. P.
Nathan Graves and Emily Boardman, by John Finley, J. P.
Samuel C. Neal and Asenath L. Matthews, by Robert Cameron.
Alphonzo Gooding and Harriet Lacey. by Sam. G. Wright, M. (i.
Johnston Breese and Mary Besette, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P.
Leonard Duffer and Sarah J. Emery, by Sam. G. Wright, M. G.
Wm. P. Finley and Cynthia J Witter, by Jacob Young, J. V .
Wm. Benjamin and Mary A. Parcells, by James Ilolgate, J. P.
Andrew Jackson and Sarah Newton, by Miles A. Fuller, J. P.
Arch. Ayers and Catherine 0. Becker, by Christopher Lazenby.
Hugh (Jreenough and Sarah Eliza Miller, by Sam. G. Wright.
Wm. S. Sliockley aiul Hannah Losey, by .Jacob Young, J. !'.
John A. White and Marcia E. Baldwin, by Sam. G. Wright.
John Hiner and Elizabeth Williams, canceled.
DeWitt C. Mears and E. Anne Armstrong, by A. Gross, M. (J.
Benj. Baldwin and Elizabeth Williams, by M". P. King, M. (i.
James M. Flint and Margaret F. Hart. l)y Sam. G. Wright.
John W^rigley and Ann Buckley, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Havilah \^. Johnson and Judith '^rapj), by C. Lazenby, M. (i.
Samuel M. Eldridge and Caroline F. Gardner, by A. Gross, M. G.
Orrin M. (^iross and Lucia Perkins, by A. Gregg. M. G.
Wm. S. Johnson and I^elinda Tapp, by C. Lazenby, M. G.
Edward Durand and ^lartha Halsted. byrl. Hodgson, M. G.
Thomas Col well, Jr., and Josey E. Graves, by James Ilolgate.
Anson H. Rutherford and Charity Dixon, by John Finley. J. P.
Chauncev D. Fuller and Electa Ann Westfall, bv Miles A. I^'iil-
ler, J. P.
Henry CuUiertson and Margaret Dill, by C. Lazenby, M. (J.
David Springer and Mary K. (J handler, by C. ('. AVilson. J. I'.
19. James H. Tull and Rachel (^'arter, by John P'inley, J. P.
80 HISTOKY OF STAKK COUNTV.
Levi Holiium and Lucy llollister. by Miles A. Fuller. J. P.
Abiali Butler and Elizabeth Emery, by Jacob Young, J, P.
David Straiiilit and Sarah Elston. by Miles A. Fuller, J. P.
John Lewis and Eebecca Ann Eagon. by M. P. King. M. G.
Orville Blanchard and Julia Ann Stimpson, by A. Gross, M. G.
Isaac ]\Ioore and Abigail Moore, by Samuel Ordway, M. G.
Samuel Dixon and Hannah Cox, by John Miller, J. P.
Geo. Y. Eose and Eurance Parrish, by A. Gross. M, G.
Charles Howater and Eachel Bennett, by G. Edwards. M. G.
^\m. Taylor and ^lilly Morrison, by Joseph C. Tozier. J. P.
1853.
Levi A. Hodgson and Isadore Hodgson, by C. Lazenby, M. G.
Horace F. Howard and Lovenia F. Fitch, by M. P. King, M. G.
Joshua Eound and Wilmyrth Worley. by Joseph Catterlin, J. P.
Luther P. McCoy and Eel )ecca J. Eogers, by Jacob Young. J. P.
John A. Leeson and Martha hnus. by John B. Fast, M. G.
Jeremiah Patch and Julia E. Morgan, by James Holgate, J. P.
Lyman Thurston' and ^fartha Durand, Ijy J. M. Hinman. ^l. G.
Henry Jones and Ellen White. l>y Samuel G. Wright, M. (J.
Cyrus Pratt and Phoebe Ann Atherton, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Henrv S. Godfrey and Susan Eobertson, by A. Gros?, M. G.
Philip Earhart and Floretta Sheets, by John Miller. J . P.
Lewis W. ^^'illiams and Lucy A. Johnson, by Chris. Lazenln'.
John Kelsey and Breta Johnson, by Chris. Lazenby, M. G.
Stewart Jordan and Catherine Sturm, by W. W. AVinsloAv. J. P.
John M. Hatch and Eoxanna Lyle. by H. E. Halsey, J. P.
Ira Ward, jr. and Jane Stimson. by J. M. Hinman, M. G.
James Triplett and Barbery Ball, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P.
James Culbertson and Emily B. Ogle, by Samuel G. "Wright. "SI. G.
George W. Leeson and .Mary M Leeson. by John B. Fast, M. G.
Sylvester H. Jackson and Beularh A. Leeson, by John B. Fast.
Clark S. Hitchcock and Thersey A. White, by Miles A. Fuller.
W. H. Eutherford and Mary A. Springer, by Charles C. Wilson.
Amos Lester and Olive Bennett, by Isaac Edwards, M. G.
David Colwell and Lina Mott, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Thomas W. Xewland and Mary Buclianan, by A. Gross, M. G.
Aaron Porter and Harriet Y. Matthews, by E. Cameron, M. G.
Nicholas Sturm and MauA'inia Saxton, by Retes Sturm, M. G.
Henry E. Colburn and Phoebe A. Lutz, by C. Lazenby. M. G.
Elijah Fitch and Esther Whipple, by A. G. Lucas, M. G.
Levi Francis and Charity W ilkinson. by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Alonzo W Bunce and Emily Dawson, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P.
Benjamin Todd and Frances D. Jones, by A. Gross, M. G.
Thonms J. Wright and Susan D. ]\IaxHeld, by C. Lazenby, M. G.
Wm. C. Lee and Harriet J . Leeson. by John B. Fast, M. G.
James Slater and Almira Drury. by Peter Sturm. ^[. G.
Alfred Gierliart and Wealthy Ann Dugan, by H. J. Eliodes.
4.^ Israel Thurston and Sylvia Paine, by Joseph Catterlin, J. P.
J. C. Lambert and Mary R. Wright, by C. B. Donaldson. J. P.
John J. Boyd and Eflfa Poysher. by C. Lazenby, M. (J.
Fernando Jones and Jane Graham, by C Lazenby, M. G.
Alexander Turnbull and Sophia Turnbull. by Joseph Catterlin.
Jacob Clemmer and Ann Stowell, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
Sept.
Aug.
29.
Sept.
•i.
G.
i c
18.
Oct.
23.
Nov.
4.
• •
13.
a
25.
•21.
Jan.
1.
Fel).
o
a
1.
a
• >
O.
Api-i
Feb.
1 10.
25.
t (
10.'
ec
ir.
i .
ICi.
Ci
13.
ii
20.
il
17.
t (
24.
ii
22.
il
24.
ii
22.
ii
•Z(j.
:\Iar.
2.
• >
13.
ii
13.
i i
24.
, i
14.
ii
31.
ii
2G.
ii
27.
Apri
1 8.
14.
<.
16.
May
12.
Apri
ii
1 23.
29.
May
5.
••"
12.
a
22.
t i
22.
ii
26.
June
4.
il
25."
Julv
i .
• •'
?.
b It
11.
Aug.
18.
MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1 8<i(!. 81
Aug. 16. Washington Brady and Julia C-. Denny, by Samuel (1. Wright.
Matthew H. liounds and Eliza Headly,' by IT. J. IJhodes, j" \\
Harrison Newton and Olive M. Gierhart. by W. '\\ Miller, J. P.
Augustus J. Hammond and Cecilia B. Wynkoo]). by James M.
8tickney, M. G.
David Fast aiul Lydia Moffit, by Isaac Thonuis. J. 1'.
Liberty Stone and Thankful B. Leeson, by James l^uswcll, J. P.
Moses Snodgrass and Elizabeth A. McClenahan, by Henry Breese.
John H. Taylor and Del:)orah A. Barrett, by James B. C'henowith.
Julius Ives and Sarah L. Carothers, by S. (I. Wright, M. (J.
John Mortley and Mary A. Knotts, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
Cyrus Sweet and Armindia Ives, by A. Cross, M. C.
John E. Stanbury and Mary Johns Dotr, by Washington Tric^klo.
Thaddeus S. Thurston and Mary Jane Ellis, by Isaac Thomas.
Cialvin Hart and Mnvj A. Holgate. by S. (I. Wright, M. C.
Frederick J. Brown and Rachel Pike, by A. G. Lucas, M. G.
Benjamin Ilawarten and Elizabeth Newman, by H. R. Ilalsey.
John Bates and Sarah Harvey, by Rev. S. C. Wright.
1854.
Samuel Maddox and Mars^aret F. Jennino-s, bv Alex. Moncrief.
James Belangey and Elizabeth Riley, by Henry Breese, J. P.
S. S. Kaysfier and Hannah Whitaker, by Rev. A. Gross, Baptist.
Aaron Curfman and Rachel Wilkinson, by S. S. Walker, ^l. G.
Edward Besett and Melvina L. Hochstrasser, by M. P. King.
Ambrose Fuller aiul Alice J. Woodward, by Rev. S. G. Wright.
Sereno E. Donaldson and Francis E. Gushing, bv Rev. S. CJ.
Wright.
Albion P. Hurd and Clarrissa Porter, bv Sam. Ordwav, J. P.
Stephen W. Lyle and Eliza W. Hatch, by Sam. R. Tlirall, M. G.
Leven E. Timmons and Eliza A. Lake, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Adam Gardner and So])hronia Weaver, by James Bus well, J. P.
John Snare and ^laria T. Holgate, by C. W. Walker, M (L
Peter Kigles and Helen Rutherford, by E. ScudderHigh. M. G.
Joseph Glaze and Mary A. C'hamp, by Isaac Tliomas, J. P.
Nelson C. Shaver and Mary Unibaugh, by John Finley, J. P.
Joseph Jacobs and Mary jane Emery, by J. S. Mahan, M. G.
Charles Potter and Lucinday Emery, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
Wm. W. Warner and Caroline A. Greeley, by Alba Gross, M. G.
A\m. Oliver, and Eliza Turnbull, by N. C. Weede, M. G.
Daniel J. Hodgson and Jane A. Miller, bv H. R. Halsey, J. P.
Alex. Buchanaii and Marv McClennan, l)v S. G. Wright, M. G.
Luther S. Milliken and F, A. Brodhea(l,'by Phil. (Muise, M. G.
John A. White and Mary J. Anderson, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
John Q. A. Thomas and Kate M. Douglass, by Alex. Moncrief.
Samuel Earhart and Catherine A. Porter, by A. G. Lucas, M.(r.
James ^I. Stimpson and Sai'ah Parrish, by Alba Gross, M. G.
George Dawson and Bashebe Graves, by Isaac Thomas, J . P.
Charles C. Allen and Mrs. N. Elmira Culbertson. l)y All)a Gross.
Sylvester H. Stofer and Eliza J. Snell, l)y Jacob E. Jones, J. P.
James Cakhal and Martha Fitch, by S. (J. Wright, M. G.
John D. Carter and Julia Ann Dray, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Wm. Bonar and Mary Ann Lewis, by John B. Fast, M. (J.
G. W. Longmire and Thankful Elston, by Jacob E. Jones, J. P,
<. <
25
Sep.
10.
Oct.
2.
it
4.
a
4.
i i
G.
Nov.
0.
a
29.
Dec.
3.
a
4.
a
14.
i(
18.
(C
29.
a
22.
i i
25.
Jan.
n.
Jan.
0.
a
31.
Si
29.
Feb.
9.
a
5.
a
8.
a
14.
(C
17.
i<
19.
i i
26.
Mar.
1.
••
6.
i(
16.
i(
12.
a
16.
a
31.
ii
23.
iC
27.
April 3.
" 18.
( i
19.
a
20.
a
26.
a
23.
a
27.
a
28.
a
30.
May
7.
a
6.
i i
15.
i<
18.
i<
21.
82 IirSTOKV OK STAHK COUNTY.
Fred Mawbey and Hannah E. Baldwin, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
Wilson Smith and Mary M. Dennis, by A. Gross, M. G.
John Kerr and JMary H. Kerr, by Alex. Moncrief. J. P.
C'has. Leverton and Mary Jane Graves, by C. C. Wilson, J. P.
Alexander Taylor and Susan Hnrlbnrt, by Thomas M. Pattin.
Adrian K. Atin and Sarah Jane Prattz, by M. P. King, M, Of.
Wm. H. Hall and Harriet E. Hill, by David James, M. G.
David M. Leeson and Sybil P. Leeson, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
Thomas Dunn and Henrietta Geer, by John B. Fast, M. G.
Finlev Murchison and Marv Turner, bv X. C. Weede, M. G.
Wm. P. Buswell and Eliza llolgate, by^'S. G. Wright, M. G.
Geo. AY. Mahan and Harriet Xewton, by T. S. Vail, M. G .
Anderson Yelm and Priscilla E. Aby, by M. P. King. M. G.
Wm. Leeke and Hester H. Higgins, by John Morey, M. G.
Benjamin Anderson and Mary Ellen Addis, by John Morey.
Jason G. Duncan and Abigail Smith, no record of marriage.
John A. Gilfillenand Lucinda Buswell, l)y S. G. Wright, M. G.
Wm. Kaler and Mary Leonard, by Herrick P. Halsey, J. P.
Lewis Olmsted and Martha Pratt, by John Morey, M. G.
Wm. Harter and Clarissa Carter, by John Finley, J. P.
Henry S. Hinerand Mary C. Grolf. by John Turbett, M. G.
John E. Smith and Sarah J. Updyke, by Alex. Moncrief, J, P.
Thomas Riggin and Julia Ann Stargett, by Jacob Young, J. P.
John B. Roosd and Sarah E. Avery, by John B. Fast, M. G.
Eufus Stites and Eacliel Hodgson, by H. P. Halsey, J. P.
John Peterson and Julia Hayes, by Myron H. Xegus, M. G.
Wm. Snell and Emily Taylor, by Henry Brees, J. P,
John Davis and ]S'ancy J. Albertson, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Wilson Price and Eliza Graif, by John Morey, M. G.
Norman Pomeroy and Lydia Anthony, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
John P. Freeman and Rachel Freeland, by John B. Fast, M. G.
Nathan Field, and Abigail E. Pratt, by James Holgate, J. P.
Royal A. Tanner and Emilv Eady, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
Philip Gless and Charlotte S. White, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
James Howard and Martha Snnggs, bv S. G. AA^right. M. G.
Hiram P. Geer and Mary Jane Stewart, by A. G. Lucas, M.G.
Levi Craine and Nancy Stephens, by S. G. AVright, M. G.
Samuel M. Jones and Martha Redfield, by S. G. AV right, M. G.
1855.
Ben. F. Smith to Mary R. AAliite, by Andrew Gregg, M. G.
Henry C. Blanchard and Mary E. Albertson, by Isaac Thomas.
Austin Smith and Sarah K. McNaught, by Alba Gross, M. G.
Joshua Gilfillen and Lucy A. Sawyer, by Samuel R. Thrall, i\I. G.
Stephen AV, Eastman and Martha Merchant, by Alba Gross, M. G.
EdAvard Colgan and Drusilla Marlatt, by H. R. Halsey, J. P.
Milton P. King and Mary A. Lucas, by A. G. Lucas, M. G.
Alex. Sunburg and Mrs. P. Nelson, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Andrew Tull and Sarah Carter, by John Morey, M. G.
David Olmsted and Rachel A. Fraker, by John Morey, M. G.
John Hook and Nancy Jane Swarts, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
Amos Dennis and Margaret A^an Sickle, by John Morey, J. P.
John Wiley and Eunice M. Trickle, by R. C. Dunn, M"". G .
Jacob AA'iley and Julia Ann Murphy, by Jacob Young, J. P.
May
27.
June
18.
>'•'
25.
i (
18.
a
22.
July
4.
a
1.
June
30.
July
9.
a
20.
a
24.
a
26.
Aug.
3.
<>'
3.
a
12.
ii
4.
a
IT.
a
IG.
Oct.
5.
a
5.
a
8.
a
11.
a
15.
a
21.
a
25.
a
25.
a
28.
Nov.
9.
i.
11.
a
11.
a
17.
a
30.
Dec.
8.
a,
14.
t i
21.
a
28.
a
26.
a
28.
Jan.
1.
ii
3.
a
10.
a
11.
a
16.
a
16.
a
17.
a
29.
Feb.
1.
t(
15.
a
15.
i(
22.
a
27.
Mar.
1.
MAKKIAGE RECORD 1831-18(U). 83
Mar. 3. Eeuben Swank and Martha Ileaten, by Joliii Morey, M. G.
Croft Pilgrim and Susanna Swank, by John Morey, M. ({ .
Samuel P. Shannon and Snrah E. Ilazen, by .John Morey, M. (1.
Thomas McNaught and Rachel E. Riggins, bv Jacob Young. J. P.
Joseph D. Taylor and Elizabeth Ward. l)y \y. M. Fuller"; J. P.
Elijah Eagan and Luna Stevenson, by Jolni Sargent, M. G.
Duncan Mathesonand Catherine Buchanan, by Chas. Donoldson.
Matthias A. Sturm and Matilda Sturni, by Jacob E. Jones, J: P.
Robert Colwell and Abigail Vinson, by John Finley. J. P.
Matthias Sturm and Eliza Stratten, by Jacob E. , I ones. J. P.
Isaac E. Dennis and Margaret L. Wiley, by John Morey, M. G.
Herman Geiscnhoiner and ^[argaret Fall, by Alex. Moncrief.
Wm. Ives and Julia A. Brown, by Myron II. Negus, J. P.
Elijah McCleiiehan and Elizabeth Wilson, by James M. Rogers.
Marshall Gustin and Marv Ann Ansman, by R. C. Dunn, M.G.
McCandless Moffitt and Annie Moffet, by W. F. Vail, M. G.
John Marshall and Eliza Patoh, by Christian lirinkerholf, M.G.
John Eavans and Ann Briton, by John Moncrief, M. G.
John Woodward and Rebecca E. Shimey. bvR. C. Dunn, M.G.
Merritt Jamison and Sally Jay, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
John Elliss and Leanna Francis, Isy Isaac Thomas, J. P.
John Davison and Mary Ellen Shull. by John Morey. M.G.
Albert Ellsworth and Cornelia Elliott, by John Morey. M G.
Cornelius Denham and Mary P. Buswell, by S. G.AVright, M. C
James Spillman and Sarah JE. Athala, by A. G. Lucas, M.G.
Henry Stofer and Nancy Jane Briton, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
Horace A. Johnson and Amelia A. Creighton, by (J. Brinkerholf.
Henry Colwell and Sarah Ann Vinson, by John Finley, J. P.
Wm. Dunn and Susan Dorrance. by Jacob E. Jones, J. P.
Geo.C. Boardman and Martha J. York, by H. J\. Halsey, J. P.
Jelferson Win and Olive Jane Beers, by C. Brinkerholf, M. G.
Israel Thurston and Rhoda Deats, by C. Brinkerholf, M. G.
Sylvester F. Otman and Emma Deuchfield. by R. C. Duim, M. G.
Newton Shepler and Mandy Glen, by Sands Perkins, J. P.
Samuel Penwell and Olive Leighton, by Alex. Moncrief, J. P.
Gideon G. Goodale and ^lary Ann Sweet. Ijy C. Briiikerhoff.
John Mills and Georgianna Slygle, by Washington Trickle. J. P.
Wm. H. Worley and Sarah F. Armstrong, by Wm. R. Stowe.
Harris ]\[iner and Mary Burd, by W. Haney, M. G.
Adam Dick and Mary Pumersey, by W. itaney, M. G.
John Collison and C!hristianna l\eeder, by Samuel G. Wright.
Jonathan Nicolas and Emily Humphrey, by A. G. Lucas, M. G.
Wm. Winn and Nancy Sheffer. by Wm. Haney. M. G.
1850.
Morgan Risedorph and Francis Avery, by dolin B. Fast, ^L (i.
W. il. Davidson and H. J. Hazen, Ijy Wm. Haney, M. G.
John West and Caroline Lacy, by Jacob ^'oung, J. 1*.
Abner Aldav and Edith Dixon, bv Isaac Thomas. .). P.
Wm. P. Fenn and Lucv J. Wooden, bv R. C. Dunn, A[. G.
Vincent 1'app and Catherine Stargell. bv W. 'I'rickle, d. P.
Elias Wilcox and Clarissa Sillamaii. I)y II. 'W Ives, ,1. P.
John Miller and Sarah Shuts, by David McCance, J. I'.
Benj. Newton and Sarah Roberts, by Wm. G. Gordon, M. G.
( I
3
a
9
a
8
fa i
15
••
15
a
14
a
21,
April
fa i
1,
8,
((
16.
i i
4
May
15
27,
( i
28,
June 13,
May
28
<"(
30,
June
2,
a
19,
July
i i
3.
3,
i i
11,
Sept.
Aug.
19.
10.
fa fa
25.
i(
29.
i (
30.
Sept.
fa (
5.
2.
a
9.
i .
10.
Oct.
11.
a
18.
*^Nov.
25,
1
li
ii
15.
Dec.
5.
ii
10,
fa <
25.
a
27.
fa fa'
30.
Jan.
1.
fa <
31.
a
31.
i i
31.
Feb.
5.
((
a
14,
•'
15.
a
16.
84 IIISTOKY OF STAKIv COUNTY.
Jesse Vinson and Diana Hickman, by S, W. Bates, M. G.
Jolm E. Jones and Louisa Jane Stacy, by J. E. Jones, J. P.
(Teoro;e Ludliini and Sarah E. Sturm, bv Peter Sturm, M. G.
Edward P. Wright and Ahna J. Wright, by S. G. AVright, M. G.
Berien Snyder and Clarissa Buck, bv Samuel G. Wright, M. G.
James J. Dickey and Caroline Jones, by W. Trickle, J. P.
Xewton Carter and Amy McDanel, by Wm. Haiiey, M. G.
James Caneday and Margaret Sturdham, by D. McCaiice, J. P.
Richard Hare and Elizabeth Fintz, by D. McCance, J. P.
Wm. Sargent and Margaret Nelson, by M. P. King, M. G.
Thomas Kvan and MaiT Pixlar, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Henrv Presler and Sarah Ann Gillett, by A. G. Lucas, M. G.
^[arcus D. Smith and Emiline Jordan, by James Buswell, J. P.
Josiah Jaques and Isabell Pratz. by A. G. Lucas, M. G,
William P. Bacon and T. S. Briggs, by E. C. Dunn, M. G.
John Riley and Joannah Griftin, by Thomas Lynch, M. G.
James Ilartlev and Ann Mellor. bv William Beardslev, M. G,
Thomas Zinnn and Xaney .M. Wheeler, by S. G. Wright, M. G,
Gideon A. Barlow and Martha B. Peterson, by T. S. Bennett,M.G.
Ezekiel Enniss and Polina Davis, by Isaac Thomas, J. P.
Fred. Kalzenberger and Frances' Y. Whili'en, by P. Case, M. G
John Wilder and Louisii Wood, by M. P. King, M. G.
George W. Edwards and Mary M. Spellinan, by D. ]\IcCance, J.P
Calvin B. Proud and Xancy\l. Graves, by D. McCance, J. P.
Levi IIop])ock and Sarah M. Davison, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
Bennett C, Lee and Missouri Gnnsanl, by C. Brinkerhoff, M. G
John W. Jones and Susaniia Fei'braehe, by Jason Wells, M. G
Gideon D. Hitchcock and Sarah J. Shaver, by J. A. Pratt, J. P,
Cyrus Jacobs and Elizabeth Jones, by W. H. Whitten, J. P.
Jacob Dawson and Isabell Eby, by D. D. Firbrache, J. P.
Brookens ^I. Strong and Lydia A". Sturdevant. by C. A. Hewitt
Abner Adkins and Mary Jane Bogard, by J. M. Rogers, J, P.
Thomas Eagleston and Ann V. Ettis, by J. M. Rogers, J. P.
Geo. S. ]Maynard and Esther A. Durgin. by Milton McDonald
Wm. II. Johnson and Lydia Sturm, by W. II, Whitten, J. P.
Harrison Cox and Margaret Stricklen, by S. G. Wright, M. G.
George AV. Reed and Phoebe D. Webster, by Peter Sturm, M. G
Joseph Buchanan and Sophia J. Truitt, by Rd. Dunning, M. G
Dan. Alward, Jr., and Amanda Rennick,
Joshua J. Round and Columbia A. Riggin, by R. C. Dunn, M. (
John Adams and Sarah J. lues.. by AY. H. Whitten, J. P.
Jonas Johnson and Christine Anderson, by C. Brunkerhoff.
Thomas Oliver and Jane Turnbull, by N. O. Weede, M. G.
S. R. Hazen and Mary J. Ban. by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Solomon Dixon and Mary J. Pratt, by James M. Rogers, J. P.
Ellis AVilson and Mary Jane Fredericks, by Jason AVells, M. G.
Wm. Matthews and Lydia Brown, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Henderson Edwards and Matilda Mounts, by Isaac Tliomas, J. P
Jas. Cummings and Catherine ^I. Sharer, by Milton McDonald
Wm. Thomas and Martha Ann Shaver, by Milton McDonald,
('has. Telitson and E, L. Burd, l)y AA^m. Ilaney, M. (r.
("has. E. Stone and Fanny L. Huckings, by R. (J. Dunn, M. (i
Benj. A. Newton and Susanna Dunn, by J. E. Jones, J. P.
Feb.
ir.
(k
21.
'■•
n.
• •
25.
, (
28.
Mar.
13.
,'<
13.
"
18.
a
20.
••
20.
(>
27.
( (
29.
April
10.
a
18.
a
17.
•'
28.
May
8.
• '
19.
a
20.
a
22.
i i
25.
k i
25.
June
11.
t i
28.
July
4.
, 4
10.
••
U.
••
24.
Aug.
3.
a
14.
iC
1^
a
14.
,' ,'
10.
••
24.
Sept.
k 4
15.
16.
Oct.
11.
Sept.
17.
Oct.
3.
Sept.
4 b
28.
27.
i *
30.
Oct.
10,
• '
K).
• V
22.
••
21.
••
23.
«•
24.
i<
24.
i i
30.
Nov.
6.
■ i
10.
T.
MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 85
Wm. Sill and Matilda Jane Jenkins, by P. S. Shaver. J. P.
Chas. Case and Lneinda Hill, by R. C. Dunn, M. (I.
Samuel Sturm and Aby Elstone, by Peter Sturm, M. (J.
Jeremiah Wilcox and Buthany Moats, by C. Brinkerhotf. M. (J.
Zara K. Bennett and Lydia Seeley, ])y Jo. E. Jones. J. 1'.
John Reed and Emihne Ifeadley, by H. H. llalsey. J. P.
Thomas Cross and Sarah Harvey, by M. P. King, M. G.
Patrick Oavin and Marg-aret J. Farding, by Alex. Hochstrassei-.
Anna C. More and Lydia A. Batcheloi-, by 1). McCJance, J. P.
Lewis J. Jordan and Catherine Sturm, by J. E. Jones, J. P.
Francis T. Brockvvav and Catherine J. Trickle, by W. S. Bates.
Wm. A. Knight and Mrs. Lovina Swift, by R. C. Dunn. M.d.
Andrew J. Barns and Sarah Barren, by I). McCanc(\. J. P.
Nelson C. Shaver and C-ontent Chapman, by A. Taylor, J. P.
1857.
Lochlin liuchanan and Christina McClennan. by K*. C. Dunn.
Leonard S Severance and Eunice O. (leer, bv Milton .McDon-
ald, M. G.
Henry Wald and Jane Frazer, .
James Prather and Ann Johnson, by J. Ferguson. M. G.
James Roberts and Laura Fi-edeiicks, by Jason Wells, M. G.
Lafayette Dunbar and Almira Wells. l)y D. McCance, J. J'.
Aaron A. Garnor and Hari'ict Willianis, byl). McC'ance. J. P.
Peter Suavely and Catherine Conner, by D. McCance. J. P.
Samuel McAughean and Mary Fell, by D. McCance, J. P.
Wm . Round and Mary Jane Reed, by Abner Mason, M . (i .
A\in. W. Atkins and Sylvina C. Hurlbert, by Peter S. Shaver.
-John K. Mealnuin and Jane Hoar, by D. McCance, J. P.
John Rarick and Esthei' Alward. l)y W. Haney, M. G.
Roger Greenougli and MaiT Saljins. by Isaac Thomas. .1. 1*.
Zenas Justice and Catherine Morgan, by David McCance. J. P.
Daniel Kelley and Ann Flinn, nuii-ried at Catholic Mission.
Joseph Dyress and Hanna Crosby.
'Zb. F. A. Jones and Marie Lacy, by Wm. Haney. M. G.
•^6. Wm. Reed and Mai'\ Gingricdi. bv W. S. liates. >L G.
■■iC. Albert Rouse and Harriet^Ray. l)y J. M. Rogers. .1. W
irch 8. John Demuth and Sarah Whiplev. bv J. I'acker. M. <l.
7. Edward Bliss and Mai-garet U. Clarson, by D. McCance. d. P.
1:3. Jienj. Brown and Maria Kane. l)v H. T. Ives, J. P.
\-l. Wm'. Laton and Matilda M. Danu)n. by W. S. Bates. M. C.
r.). Eli ('. .Jones and Susan J. Moore, by C. A. llewett. ^L (i.
PJ. Andrew Stevenson and Mai-tlia Ann Johnson, by Mellon P. King.
•^(!. J.icol) Ovei-landci' and Abigail Case, bv W. Trickle. . I. P.
.John C Eckley and Marv J. Wardiu'.
Aj)i'il II. Jonas Eltzratb and Maria Ridgcwav. by \l. C. Dunn. M.(i.
'• 13. Henry C. Shull and Lucy Ann Cnives.'by W. S. l^atewell. M.<;.
•• 10. Henry Greenawalt and .\laria Colwell. Dy" D. McCance. .1. I'.
May ;J. George Barber and Sarah J. Kirkpatrl(d<. by W. II. Wliitten. J. P.
G. Henrv Ligram and .bine Wrigley. by .1. M. Rogers. .1. P.
26. S. S. Stephens and Marv -L Sturtevant. hy Alveii AljUotr. M. (i.
22. Saiidford M. Whitt inu'ton and Eliza .1. Annsti-ong. bv D. Mc-
Cance. J. P.
27. David Courier and Caroline K. C. Patridge, by R. C. Dunn. M.(i.
Nov.
6
• i
e
i i
9
b «
17
ii
20
ii
22
b (
25
Dec.
11
i i
16
ii
21
"^
21
i k
25
4 b
25
i (
28
.Jan.
1
. «
1
a
a
6
a
1
. .
8
''
11
'•
20
''
22
* i
29
•'
31
••'
29
Feb.
19
a
12
<k
12
M
( i
86 HISTORY OF STAKK COUNTY.
lieiijuuiiu Turner and Ruth A. Myers, by R. C. Dunn, M. ii.
Morris Fowler and Elizabeth Hamilton, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Franklin Rhodes and Catlierine M. Wood, bvS. G. Wright. M.G.
Elias Eby and Elizabeth Cox, by W. 8. Bates, M. G.
George Oziah and Rachel A. Barnbill, by W. Haney, M. G,
Stephen A. Munson and Sarah Ann Hotchkiss, by James Fer-
guson. M. G.
Russell C. Briggs and Percy Weaver, by W. W. Jones, M. G.
Martin Keran and Mary S. Langford. byE. Ransom, Jr., M. G.
Michael Flynn and Johanna Hogan. by Rev. Peter Corcoran.
Leonard Wolf and Catherine Lane, by Jacob Young, J. P.
John White and Lena Banewey, by W. F. Vaill, M. G.
John Young and Julia Ann Vines, by A. Taylor, J. P.
Jacob Morrison and Phebe A. Johnson, by John Finley, J. P.
John 'Grady and Ellen Farrell, by Rev. John O'Gara.
\\'iIson Price and Caroline E. Sipes, by Rev. Wm. Haney.
Michael ^IcCarty and Fanny ]\fartin. married at Catholic Mis.
George W. Dunbar and Eunice Broiigliton, In' I). ^IcCance. J. P.
Thomas Wilson and Sarah Shade, by Jas. M. Rodgers, J. P.
Farquhar Bain and Jenet McDonald, by R. C. Dunn. M. G.
Gus. L. Goodale and Clarissa Jackson, by Jacob W. Rodgers, J. P.
1'heo. Truman and Marv Matthews, bv James Ferguson. M. G.
Henry H. Oliver and Mary Murchison, by David A. Wallace, M. G.
Darius S. Wiley and Mary Ann Aten. by E. Ransom, M. G.
Robt. J. Dickenson and Lauraitte M. Chapman, by R. C. Dunn.
David 0. Toothaker and Catherine E. White, by Jacob Y^oung.
Francis Kline and ]\Iargaret O'Xeal, ])y Rev. Thomas O'Gara.
James Greenougli and Sarah Bash, by S3'lvester F. Ottman. J. P.
Wm. S. Hiner and Betsy Twiss, by Rev. James Ferguson,
John C. Gore and Mary Ann Gage, b}' Rev. Amos Morey.
Wm. A. Boyer and Elizabeth J. Cooper, by Rev. A. J. Jones.
Freeman Besett and Mahala Dorrauce, by C. W. Wood, J. P.
Wm. Drummond and Ellen Timmons, by D. D. Ferbrache, J. P.
Herman Page and Rachel Hodgson, by E. Ransom, M. G.
John Hazen and Eliza Anthony, by James Ferguson, M. G.
Seth Davison and Mary E. Donovan, b}' E. Ransom, M. G.
Henrv S. Stone and Martha L. Stacy, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Jephthah E. Tucker and Hachel R. Todd, by Amos Morey, M. G.
Leonard C. Drawyer and Elma J. Rickey, by C. D, Fuller, J. P.
Alex. Y. Fuller and Amy Breese, bv C. D. JFuller, J. P.
John W. Tuttle and Maria J. Fleming, bv R. C. Dunn. M. G.
C. X. Bangs and Xancy Fowler, by A. Abbott, M. G.
Lewis Williams and Mary Alexander, by C. D. Fuller, J. P.
Xelson Jones and Sarah Munson, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Frank Walk and Hannah Xortman, by Rev. Father Griffith.
George F. Dexter and Laura Miner, by Rev. Amos Morey.
Thomas A. Foster and ^laria J. Winslow, by Rev. A. Abbott.
Charles Wilson and Julia ]\Iix. by Rev. A. H. Lewis.
Warren Chaffee and J. Proud, by John Finley, J. P.
T. Warrington and Charlotte blasters. License issued Xov. 26.
John S. Moffit and Melvina L Bunnell, by A. J. Jones, M. G.
.Tames Eagleston and Almeda Whitman, by Rob. M. Bocock. J. P.
Lafayette Gra}* and Lydia E. Morey, by E. Summers, M. G.
June
a
12,
••
23
July
3.
((
9,
i i
8,
• •
12
• •
12,
Aug.
15,
20,
Aug.
20.
23,
£.'
23.
Sep.
1,
3.
a
9.
••
11.
4 i
20.
i(
17.
i 6
23.
••
21.
• i
22.
Oct.
1.
Sep.
24.
27.
a
27.
•'•
27.
Oct.
1.
••
3.
••
11.
a
21.
i ,
14.
. i
15.
i i
17.
••
28.
Xov.
. t
3.
a
3.
(1
••
3.
4 W
8.
•'
11.
i 4
.11.
Xov.
23,
• •
19,
••
r.i.
•■
26,
. <
20,
Dec.
1,
k i
20,
a
24.
MAKKiAGPJ KECOBD 1831-1860. 87
Dec. 20. John Cole and Mary A. Rowell, by James M. Rogers, J. P.
" 19. Jackson Church and Julia liotchkiss, by John Finley, J. P.
"^ 22. Dewitt Stevens and Mary Welsie, by David McCance, J. P.
" 31. PI. P. Grant and L. W. Norton, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
" 31. Thomas D. Church and Sarah White, by Amos D. Morey, M. G.
31. Zura Hall and Harriet E. Bower, by R. C. Dunn, M. C.
" 24. Nathan C. Bolin and Lucinda A. Harlow, by John Finley, J. P.
1858.
Jan. 1. Champlin Lester and Ann McReath, by J. N. Graham, M, G.
" 2. James Kennedy and Hannah Shockley, by Jacob Young, J. P.
" 7. Thomas Alday and Martha Dixon, by James M. Rogers, J. P.
" 12. Isaac N. Tidd and Elizabeth Green, bv A. J. Jones, M. G.
" 10. P. Resedorph and Mahala Board man," by W. H. AVhitten, J. P.
'' 10. Chas. H. Fuller and Theda Gillette, bv J. W. Rogers, J. P.
" 17. R. E. Westfall and Sarah Ann Woods," by E. Ransom, M. G.
14. W. S. Ilixon and Melissa Lutes, by Myron H. Negus, M. G.
14. Michael Vanaky and Melinda Riley, by C. D. Fuller,' J. P.
" 15. Franklin J. Bush and Abba Gillett,
" 23. Henry Scott and Catherine Turnbull, by John N. Graham.
27. David Lyon and Mary Jordan. l)y W. B. Harris, M. G.
Feb. 4. Benj. F.'Gharrett and Eliza Griffin, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
*' 5. Jolm H, Turnbull and Mary Armstrong, by J. M. Graham.
" 5. Andrew M. Ewing and Phebe Briggs, by W. H. Jones, M. G.
" 5. Milton Morrow and Lvdia Briggs. by W. H. Jones, M. G.
'-' 7. Asher W. Avery and Martha Rickey, by C. D. Fuller, J. P.
" 18. John Murchison and Jemima Chisholm, J. M. Graham, M. G.
" 18. John T. Thornton and Helen Lyle. by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Feb. 21. David Colwell and Eliza Updyke, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Mar. 11. Oliver Smith and Eliza Warren, by "C. M. Wright, M. G.
Feb. 28. David J. Courtis and Harriet E. Dewey, by Phila. Chase, M. G.
25."-' Luther J. JMcIlvain and Eliza Ridgeway, by A. J. Jones, M. G.
Mar. 14. Adolphus Ribley and Ellen Eagleston, by J. M. Rogers, J. P.
" 2. Asa A. Bunton and Mary Lyle, by R. C. Dunn, J. P.
'' 0. C. D. Hichell and ^Margaret Sturm, bv Bernard Wagner, M. G.
8. David R. Gilvin and Eunice M. Trickle, bv R. C. Dunn, M. G.
8. Alfred M. Snyder Mand ary E. Hayes, by C. Brinkerhoff, M. G.
" — Anthony Dennis and Betsy Piester. ■ — ■-
Feb. 25. W. 11. Adams and Sarah J. Anthony, by Jas. Ferguson, M. G.
Mar. 14. Harvy B. Harris and Mary J. Wall, by A. J. Jones, M. G.
16. Bethuel Parrish and Eliza Strayer, by James Ferguson, M, G.
" 15. Joseph H. (ioxand Nancy Wilkinson, bv David M. Cance. J. P.
" 17. Ira F. Dewey and Isabella Knapp, by R. C. Dunn, :\I. G.
'•' 18. David Tinlin and Sarah E. Armstrong, by E. Ransom, M. G.
" 23. David Crumb and Mary Headley, by D. j\IcCance, J. P.
25. Joseph Robb and Agnes Murnan, by A. J. Jones, M. G.
" 25. H. N. McConaughy and Ann N. White, by Jacob W. Rogers.
30. Joel Hester and Lydia Ann Hodgson, by Amos Morey, M. G.
April 4. Wm. Dixon and Hannah Wright, by S. F. Ottman, J. P.
(1. Allen T. Parrett and Maria Nichols, by A.J. Jones, M. G.
" t>. George Van Pelt and Amanda M. Brown, by E. Summers,
" 14. I'd ward J. Wyman and Susan E. Bradford, by J. II. Anthony.
'• 4. Anson H. Curtis and Elizabeth Imes, by Jas. M. Rogers, J. P.
May 11. Robert Growl and Mrs. Eliza Todd, by Amos Morey, M. G.
6
88 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
James Buckley aud Susanna Mills, by A.J. Jones, ]\I . G .
Wm. H. Ely and Ahnira Summerman, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Eobt. H. Worley and Margaret Anthony, by Jas. Ferguson, M. G.
Geo. Shotzen and Euth A. Drummond, by James M. Rogers.
Jno. Snethen and Christina C. Benedict, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Spencer Cox and Rebecca Lamb, by Jacob Young, J. P.
David P. Winter and ]^ancy Haxon, by Jacob AV. Rogers, J. P.
W. H. Turnbulland Margaret Turnbull, by J. M. Graham, M. G.
George Jackson and Margaret Coltliar, by J. j\I. Rogers, J. P.
Jos. E. Loring and Mildred L. Johnson, by Wm. McDermand.
Roswell Jordan and Rebecca Cade, by Peter Sturm, J. P.
George Phenix and Susan Jane Drawyer, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Josiali Cogall and Tacy Graves, by John Finley, J. P.
Thomas V. Olmsted and Sarah A. Sherwood, by Geo. F. Hill.
Augustus Kelsey and Anne J. Hodgson, by D. McCance, J. P.
Noah Springer and Eve Gingrich, by B. Wagner, M. G.
Henry B. Dorrance and Mary E. Powell, by Chancy D. Fuller.
Dennis Lee and Elizabeth F. Garrison, by 1). McCance, J. P.
Humphrey Avery and Emma J. Davison, by C. D. Fuller, J. P.
Elias L. Emery and Mary E. Lowman, by J. Ferguson, M. G.
John G. Turnbull and Helen Scott, by D. McCance, J. P.
Chas. N. Crook and Helen R. Goodrich, by R. McBocock, J. P.
Nelson Allen and Margaret Lindsey, by John Finley, J. P.
John Morris and Catherine Schanck, by S. F. Otman, J. P.
Benj. Cleveland and Melissa Thirston, by M. P. King, M. C.
Peter Peterson and Christina Nelson, by Jacob W. Rogers, J. P.
Walter B. Bettis and Mary F. Jay, by John Snethen, J. P.
Edward Cleveland and Caroline Bangs, by David McCance, J. P.
John AY. Riggs aud Jane Stowe, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Isaac Nicholas and Martha Humphreys, by James M. Rogers.
John A. Leeson and Margaret A. Coon, by Joseph P. Gilbert.
Richard Hight and Ann Bunnell, by C. D. Fuller, J. P.
John Brooks ami Judith A. Hall, by D. McCance, J. P.
Peter C. Johnson and Martha Vixel, by Amos Morey, M. G.
Charles B. Foster and Charles ^by Alvin Abbott, M. G.
John Jackson and Polina A. Mahony, by E. Ransom, M. G.
James H. Hickok and Harriet L. Pomeroy, by Isaac L. Hart.
Darius Dermand and Sarah A. Iliner, by James Ferguson, M. G.
Charles Rhodes and Caroline Cram, bv R. C. Dunn, ^I. G.
Joseph Ridle and Mary Bennett, by T. S. Bennett, ^L G.
Mason Stofer and Candace Stine, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
David Cumming and Marv A. Anthonv, bv Amos Morev. M. G.
AVilliam Calhoun and Mary J. Stanley, by Amos Morey, ]\[. G.
Andrew Anderson and Christiana Pierson, by Amos Morey, M. G.
Elias Muller and Lucy Redding, by A. G. Gridley, J. 'P."^
James D. ]iallentine and Rlioda AA'alter. by Jacob W. Rogers.
James B. Russell and Mary J. Bevier, by Alvin Abbott, M. G.
Isaac Grant and Harriet Snyder, by M. H. Negus, M. G.
A\ m. H. Harris and Anna Harmon, by W. H. Whitten, J. P.
Esthner Rounds and Eliza Smeggs, by Jacob AV. Rogers, J. P.
Andrew J. Brodi and Sarah R. Stedham, by J. T. Linthicum.
Eli Ferris and Nancy J. Fitch, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Richard Hill and Lucy A. Stiles, by George F. Hill, M. G.
May 22.
June 10.
li
10.
a
9.
a
26.
li
27.
ei
27.
July
1.
a"
3.
a
4.
(t
4.
(C
8.
a
11.
Sept.
July
14.
15.
ii
25.
Aug.
1.
6.
ii
8.
i(
8.
li
16.
ii
26.
Sept.
2.
11.
ii
4.
ii
7.
ii
23.
it
21.
a
19.
ii
27.
ii
23.
i(
30.
a
30.
Oct.
2.
ii
9.-
a
14.
i i
17.
i i
23.
ii
23.
ii
21.
ii
25.
ii
27.
ii
31.
ii
■)■)
Nov.
4.
ii
3.
<.
G.
a
25.
ii
28.
a
26.
i i
30.
Dec.
1.
i i
4.
MAKKIAGE KECOKD 1831-1806. 89
Dec. IG. John Eickey and Rebecca A. Speers, by S. P. Kezerta, M. G.
" 23. James A. Goodrich and Leah Redding, by W. H. Whitten, J. P.
'• 8. Simon Dixon and Sarah Bateman, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
" 9. Aaron Smitli and Lydia Dah-yniple, by P. S. Shaver, J. P.
" 15. John Martin and Jane B. Fowler, bv R. C. Dunn, M. G.
" 18. Wm. Wrio-lit and Ellen Jarvis, bv S!^ F. Otman, J. P.
" 23. Charles H. Lake and ]\Iarv A. Boice, by Jacob W. Rogers, J. P.
•' 23. George AY. Scott and Marv C. Cox, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
" 23. —Alex. Headley and Ilannali Rhodes, by Thos. S. Bennett, M. G.
"■ 30. Jesse S. Atherton and Lois Grant, by M. H. Negus, M. G.
1859.
John C. Laurence and Martha Crawford, by A. H. Hepperly.
Valentine B. Thornton and Lodema E. Rhodes, by R. C. Dunn.
John O'Neil and Catherine McKiggins, by Father O'Gara, M. G.
Andrew Stone and Eliza C. Clark, by Alvin Abbott, M. G.
John Buchanan and Emeline Beers, by M. H. Negus, M. G.
Timothy E. Bailey and Sophia E. Smith, bv Sylvester F. Otman.
John Weir and Jennette E. Fell, by J. A. McCulleh, J. P.
Cornelius Stevenson and Tyrilla Bedford, by D. McCance, J. P.
John Pilgrim and Isabella Coleman, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G.
Soloman Dixon and Mary F. l^ateman, by W. J, Smith, M. G.
Ephraim N. Pardee and Sarah Stone, by A. Wedge, ]\L G.
Walter T. Hall and Emily Shinn, by A. H. Heperly, M. G.
John A'ernon and Aurora Madearis, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
N. Wright Dewey and Harriet P. Dewey, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Nelson G. Gill and Missouri E. Whitford, by Elisha Gill, M. G.
John Corkhill and Annie Quayle, by Jacob W. Rogers, J. P.
Leander H. Hewitt and Hannah W. Morey, by George F. Hill.
Samuel Bolt and Mary Snell, by C. D. Fuller, J. P.
William Lopeman and Lydia A. Freeland, by Jas. Buswell, J. P.
John H. Oliver and Lizzie C. Poole, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G.
Orson B. Stowell and Harriet R. Church, by A. H. Hepperly.
Theo. T. McDaniel and Sarah Curfman, by James M. Rogers.
Cuthbert Blakely and Melinda Price, by James M. Rogers, J. P.
John Maxfield and Sarah Shockley, by C. Brinkerhoff, M. G.
Chester W. Woodman and Ann Porter, by W. H. Whitten, J. P.
Benjamin S. Hall and Juliet Truitt, by W. H. Wliitten, M. P.
John Seeley and Sarah Willison, by W. J. Smith. M. G.
Joseph Slott and Mary Jilewer, by Elijah S. Brodhead, P. M.
■ Michael Gallagher and Catherine Clifford, by Rev. AV. H. Power.
William Taylor and Catherine McCarty, by Francis Loomis, J. P.
Jolni Green and Maria E. Gentry, by Jacob A^oung, J. P.
Orvill Baker and Alartba Given, by Jacob AV. Rogers, J. P.
Jasper M. Morris and Catherine E". Bolt, by J. W. Smith, M. G.
David J. Welch and Elizabeth Jones,
Tiiomas J Wright and Ann Moncrieff, by Rev. R. C. Dunn.
Simon Peter Smith and Elmira Stevens, by David McCance, J. P.
Sim])son Syfert and Sarah A. Newton, by James B. Chenoweth.
David Jones and Harriet Leseur, l)y W. S. Bates. M. G.
Albert AI. Oliver and Mary D. Grifhn, by John L. Scott, M. G.
David S. Miller and Margaret A. Cross, by AVm. Leggett, M. G.
Samuel Smith and Nancy Ellison, by AV. S. Bates, M, G.
Wm. Headley and Emily R. Rhodes", by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Jan.
4.
a
6.
a
10.
it
20.
a
30.
Feb.
G.
• •
13.
a
IG.
a
22.
i(
24.
Mar.
2.
n
3.
ii
13.
ii
23.
April 14.
i i
IG.
a
20.
i<
20.
i (
24.
May
1.
i i
28.
.lune
G.
(.'
9.
i <
21.
ii
30.
July
3.
i i
3.
-'
11.
Aug.
5.'
i i
15.
i i
18.
ii
23.
ii
31.
Sept.
1.
i fc
1.
i i
4.
Sept.
11.
i i
15.
ii
11.
a
25.
ii
29.
90 HISTORY OF STAKK COUNTY.
Harve}' 0. Slnyter and Melvina McDaniel, by Jacob W. Rogers.
Mathusaleh Bevier and Eliza F. Foster, by A. Abbott, M. G.
Thomas Proctor and Melita Armstrong, by Elijah 8. Brodhead.
Harlan Craig and Minerva Jane Xelson, by John Snethen, J. P.
John Jackson and Ellen Flanagan, by E. S. Brodhead, Pol. Jns.
Alfred Edwards and Harriet A. Clark, by A. Abbott, M. G.
David Barrett and Mary McSherry, b}' James M. Rogers, J. P.
Henry Olmsted and Celestia Aten, by Jacob Matthews, M. G.
James Coleman and Charlotte Kane, by Jacob Matthews, M. G.
Jacob Vandike and Mary E. Blood, by C. H. Case, M. G.
Amos Hodge and Hattie E. Hood, by Samuel Ordway, M. G.
Felix Inman and Sarah A. Cole, by K. C. Dunn, M. G.
Charles 0. Wilson and Laura A. Earle, by E. S. Brodhead, Mag.
Benj. G. Homer and Catherine Winters, by C. D. Fuller, J. P.
Clark Wooden and Maiy Jackson, by James ]\I. Rogers, J. P.
Silas R. Swarts and Nancy Ely, by Thos. S. Bennett, M. G.
Ed. H. Champion and Hannah A. Drawyer, by H. B. Foskett.
John M. Brown and Maggie R. Hawks, by Andrew J. Jones.
Charles Dickinson andLydiaA. Church, by Thomas S. Bennett.
Geo. Colwell and Sarah ]iarr, by John H. Anthony, J. P.
Robt. Smith and Sally A. Schockley, by John H. Anthony, J. P.
Sam. D. Lindley and Sarah C. Hixinbaugh, by Jacob W. Rogers.
Wm. Shepley and Catherine ]\Iyers, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
Thomas L. Coll well and Ellen Xicholas, by W. S. Bates, M. G.
John Sidner and Phebe Libbey, by Jacob Young, J. P.
August C. Bergman and Catherine M. Johnson, by J. W. Rogers.
James F. Thompson and Mai"garet A. Todd, by Jacob Matthews.
Henry J. Otman and Carrie Hall, by R. C, Dunn, M. G.
Micagy Swiger and Eliza Sturm, no record.
18G0.
Oliver R. Newton and Abbee H. Pettee, by Samuel Ordway.
Samuel Smeggs and Mahetable Rhodes, by Jacob W. Rogers.
Thomas T. Wright and Nancy J. Dawson, by Robt. McCutchen.
Henry Garner and Tabitha Stevenson, by ^I. P. King, M. G.
Wm. Blake and Matilda Spillman, by W. H. Whitten. J. P.
John Kelley and Ellen Carr, by Rev. AValter H. Power.
David Woodard and Orritta Rhodes, by J. L. Hawkins, Y. D, M.
Seth F. Rockwell and Hannah E. AVoodard, by J, L. Hawkins.
Samuel White and Nancy A. Jones, by John Finly, J. P.
James AV. Ratliffe and Olive Rouse by James M. Rogers, J. P.
James Truitt and Prudence A. Drake, by Jas. M. Rogers, J. P.
James Tucker and Hannah N. Six, by E. S. Broadhead, P. M.
Henry Emery and Hannah Emery, by James E. Gaston, M. G.
John H. Lane and Lydia A. Hall, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Henry M. Hall and Anna A. Hubbard, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Charles T. Bennett and Lucinda Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Edward S. Talladav and Martha Maveock, bv J. L. Scott, M. G.
Thomas Tinimons and Lucy A. Graves, by W. S. Bates, M. G.
Bradford F, Thompson, and Eliza A. Bevier, by Alvin Abbott.
John W. Smith and Almira A. Vedder, by James Sheldon, M. G.
Almon AY. AA'ilder and ^Mury A. Coleman, by S. C. rium])hrey.
Lewis AA". AVilliams and Mary Atherton, by R. C. Dunn, M. (L
John E. Gharrett and Harriet H. Holgate, by J. L. Scott, M. G.
Oct.
9,
(C
11
a
8,
i<
9
it
19
li
23,
e<
2G,
i:
29,
Nov.
1,
a
6,
iC
3.
a
6
a
5,
<(
18,
<>
10
a
15.
, .
20,
a
17,
a
17,
a
20,
a
19,
iS
24,
a
24.
Dec.
11
a
17.
ie
27.
a
27.
a
31.
a
17.
Jan.
4.
a
1.
a
1.
a
5.
( i
15.
Feb.
5.
,' .
\.
a
1.
a
a
12.
a
8.
i(
13.
ii
23.
«••
23.
Mar.
1.
••
0.
a
8.
ii
8.
Apr.
4.
Mar.
21.
a
22.
,' i
28.
Apr.
4.
MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1 S^J^i. 91
Wm. Kineade and Margaret Kernieeu, hy J. W. Rogers, J. P.
Samuel E. White and Mary A. Marlin, by E. C. Dunn, M. Gr.
David K. Michael and Susan Sturm, by C. H. Case, M. Gr.
George Ely and Carrie Johnson, by D. McCance, J. P.
Amasa Sawyer and Rebecca D. Sawyer, by E. C. Dunn, M. Gr.
Frank (r. Drew and Sophia L. Clark, by E. C. Dunn, M. Gr.
Chas, McCumsey and Mary E, Godfrey, by J, W, Eogers, J, P.
John D. Essex and Mary J. Gierhart, by E. C. Dunn, M. G.
Geo. E. Mercer and Harriett Ballard, by J. W. Eogers, J. P.
Lewis H. Kerns and Mary M. Kern, by Syl. F. Otman, J. P.
George Kerns and Alice Wrigley, by W. J. Smith M. G.
Jas. D. Lundy and Martha A. Mathews, by John Morey, M. G.
Amos Bennett and Hannah Bunton, by D. McCance, J. P.
Berry Edmiston and Delila Shenefelt, by J. L. Scott, M. G.
John T. Eagieston and Eliza Wrigley, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
John Maine'and Abi. W. Eagen, by M. P. King, M. G.
Edward W. Stewart and Hannah Craft, by John Finley, J. P.
John L.Jennings and Mary J. Collins, byE. S. Broadhead, J. P.
Jerome B. Thomas and Harriet X. E. Tasker, by E. C. Dunn,
Samuel W. Eagan and Sarah E. AViley, by E. C. Dunn, M. G.
Stej)hen Young and Clarista Lorman, by Henry Allen, M. G.
John Jackson and Eliza A. Montooth, by E. C. Dunn, M. G.
Erastus Stanton and Martha Armstrong, by E. S. Brodhead.
Charles Brown and Hannah A. York, by E. S. Brodhead.
William Wilson and Lois Sweet, by E. Eansom, M. G.
John McKenzio and Hectorina McGregor, by W. F. Vaill, M, G.
Eobert W. Hall and Sarah A. Olmsted, by E. S. Brodhead.
Joab Nicholas and Alcinda Colwell, by E. C. Dunn, M. G.
GHiarles W. Carter and Sarah Carter, by Samuel Ordway, M. G.
James Greenough and Mary A. Eraser, by D. McCance, J. P.
AYilliam Atkinson and Hannah Eobson, by J. M. Glraham, M. G.
William K. Morgan and Mary J. Winter, by E. S. Brodhead.
James 0. AVilliamson and Emilene Wilson, by C. H. Case, M. G.
Moses H. Weaver and Virginia Clark, by (■. A. Hewitt, M. G.
George Graen and Isabella Fell, by J. M. Graham, M. G.
William Wilson and Mary E. Falconer, by Jacob Matthews.
Eachel H. Todd and Margaret Brangle, by A. J. Wright, jM. G.
Jasper Taylor and Eliza Ann Pyle, by AVilliam Leggett, M. G.
Dewitt C. Green and Almira Greenough, by E. S. Brodhead.
Adam S. Murchison and Xancy Fuller, by John M. Graham.
AVm. Slick and Mahala Harrott, by E. S. Brodhead, Magistrate.
John B. Kay and Mary Currier, by William Leggett, M. G.
JSTathan D. Stewart and Julia C. Kenyon, by John Snethen, J. P.
William A. Wooden and Martha F. Allison, by J. Woodward.
Aug. S. Thompson and Sarah Fowler, by C. H. Case, M. G.
Gleo. A. Dudley and Sarah E. Dudley, by Issaac L. Hart, J. P.
Gavin L. Eenwick and Mary Harvey, by Joseph Woodward.
Eufus Woodcock and Olive Green, by E. S. Brodhead, Mag.
-James B. Matthews and Susannah M. Matthews, by J. Matthews.
David Murray and Susannah M. Turnbull, by John M. Graham.
Patrick Smitli and Jane Flanigan, by Catholic Missioner.
1861.
Jan. 1. James Martin and J\Iary E. Nichols, by G. F. Hill, M. G.
Apr.
May
30.
3.
8.
((
9.
i(
12.
ii
26.
ec
28.
a
29.
June
IG.
a
17.
a
24.
July
o
O.
4.
a
18.
a
22.
Aug.
2.
July
Aug.
25.
13.
Sept.
Aug.
6.
30.
Sept.
2.
10.
a
12
li
12.
a
23.
Oct.
4.
a
4.
Sept.
Oct.
30.
9.
a
8.
a
13.
ii
24.
a
28.
Nov.
14.
Oct.
31.
Nov.
2.
a
8.
a
8.
a
11.
a
1-9.
a
19.
((
25.
a
26.
a
22.
c<
28.
Dec.
2.
<i
2.
a
11.
te
20.
a
20.
ei
IV
< 1
92 HISTORY OF 8TAKK COUNTY.
Charles L. Lane and Mary E. Finley, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Charles F. Blood and Rachel A. Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Wm. Rhodes and Betsy Rounds, by Isaac L. Hart, J. P.
Thomas Zinn and Sarah A. Wilson, by Jacob W. Rogers, J. P.
Dix Ryan and Sarah Smith, by R. C. Dunn, J. P.
Colburn J. Robbins and Sarah M. Bennett, by E. S. Brodhead,
Magistrate.
Daniel Mcintosh, and Mary E. Riggan, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Carlos Miner and Laura Pomeroy, by R. C. Dunn. M. G.
Frederick Hartsock and Sinthey Carpenter, by D. McCance, J. P.
Presley Terrell and Lavena R. Curfman, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Orlando H. Brace and Lucy Hudson, by I. I, Fleharty, M. G.
Jacob M. Jones and Catherine Atherton, by Jacob Young, J. P.
Elisha Elston and Maria Rickey, by ^Y. J. Smith, M. G.
Royal J. Curtiss and Achsa Rhodes, R. C. Dunn, M. G.
James M. Virtue and Elizabeth Chandler, by John Finley, J. P.
Artemus E. Ewers and Anna D. Hochstrasser, by E. S. Brod-
head, P. Mag.
Orastus Alden and Salome Rhodes, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
James P. Headley and Gate Kindle, by I. L. Hart, J. P.
Harmon Imes, and Lydia Shade, by James Snare, J. P.
Benjamin Aby and Prinnah H. Bodine, by M. P. King, M. G.
Cyrus Avery and Phebe Xewton, by James B. Chenowetli, M. G.
James Shrouf and Charlotte Bunnell, by Syl. F. Otman, J. P.
John Finley and Sarah Adams, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
Xathaniel Kissell and Martha P. Burns, by AVm Leggett, M. G.
Geo. Strayer and Urena L. Parrish, by A. J. Wriglit, M. G.
Allen M. Pierce and Marx W. Thomas, by Jacob JMatthews. jM. G.
Charles Plummer and Louisa Callwell, by E. S. Brudliead, P.
Mag.
Morris Kirkpatrick and Hannah A. Elston, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Michael Plankeal and Francis Williams, b}^ L". J. Giddings, M. G.
Asa Currier and Mary L. King, bv Wm. Lesfgett, M. G.
Spencer S. Elston and Polly M. Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Hiram D. Sturm and Catherine A. Williams, by Peter Sturm.
Phillip Webber and Caroline Ames, Jacob Mathews, M. G.
Edwin Youngkin and Matilda Hart, by U. P. Aten, M. G.
Robt. G. Williams and Labella Hollingshead, by E. S. Brod-
head. P. Mag.
John Colgan and Maria Goldsberry. Xo record.
James S. Patterson and Margaret J, Rule, bv D. A. Wallace.
Wilson Trickle and Elizabeth J. Miller, by E. Ransom, M. G.
George W. Miller and Mana Cross, by Jacob Matthews, M. G.
Alex. Crowl and Mary J. Espey, by J. M. Graham, M. G.
Stephen A. Cornish and Isabella Marlin, by J. M. Graham. M. G.
David 0. Dufur and Elizabeth Drunim. bv R. C. Dunn. M. G.
D. S. Main and Rebecca Coon, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
Christian South and Susanna Straver, bv Joseph S.Williams, J. P.
Walter Lyle and Julia A. Ferris, 'by R^ C. Dunn. M. G.
John Shaver and Mary P. Greenman, by Jacob Matthews. M. G.
Nathan B. Foster and Clara L. Wethersby, by J. B. Russell, J. P.
John Fowler and Sarah E. Xorris. by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Michael Alderman and Jayey E. Colwell, by W. S. Bates, M. G.
Jan.
9.
a
13.
<<
13.
c<
17.
a
19.
a
23.
<i
24.
((
27,
a
28.
Feb.
7.
a
13.
e i
14.
iC
14.
a
14.
a
14.
.<
14.
a
17,
a
21.
a
24.
a
26.
Mar.
o
O
a
5.
(e
13.
((
14.
i(
17,
a
17,
a
20.
ii
24,
tc
30,
April 2
(C
7,
a
13.
a
17.
a
28.
ee
29.
May
1,
("(
1.
a
8.
a
9,
a
22,
a
23.
a
23.
June
10,
a
27,
July
4,
• •'
o.
i i
4,
a
•J
July
27.
38.
Aug.
7.
19.
i<
20.
Sept.
0.
5.
a
9.
a
12.
•'
12.
a
12.
a
19.
(I
94
<<
25.
a
2G.
••'
26.
Oct.
1.
t>' «>'
8.
MAERIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 93
Warren Williams and Eliza C. Perry, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
William Eby and Lovina Hull, by David Wlieffiu. J. P.
Franklin Pross and ]Margaret E. Pruitt, by Jacob Matthews.
Josejili P. Hall and Jane Carse, by Wm. L. Leggett, M. Gr.
Roswell F . Woodwortli and Charlotte E . VanVelsen, by Wm .
Colwell, M. G.
Eugene M. Gallup and Mary E. Merchant, by A. J. Wright.
Shepherd P. Westphall and Elizabeth Aumick, by E. S. Brod-
head, P. Mag.
Wm. J. Gamel and Anna J. Wave, by E. S. Brodhead, P. M.
Harry C Johnson, and Susan Todd, by A. J. Wright, M. G.
David H. Eobbins and Martha Cole, by E. S. Brodhead, P. M.
Matthews Gillan and Jeunette Graham, by C. A. Hewitt, M. G.
Edward S. Force and Eliza Aten, by W.J. Smith, M. G.
Joseph Curtiss and Mary E. Farding, by Jacob Matthews, M. G.
Hiram Parrish and Martha J. Hoj^pock, by J. A. Pratt, P. M.
Samuel G. Seranton and Julette J. Westfall, by E. S. Brod-
head, P. ^lag.
Lawrence McNamee and Martha Armstrong, by D . McCance.
Henry B. Upton and Jannet Scott, by I. M. Graham, M. G.
Whitfield D. Matthews and Mary K. Chaddock, by W. J.
Smith, M. G.
" 13. Wunel S. Thurston and Clarinda McKinniss, by E. S. lirod-
head, P. Mag.
" 17. Samuel A. Fitch and Mary E. McDaniel, by D. McCance.
" 24. Walter M. Dexter and Alida J. Bennett, by Edward Sellen.
" 24. WiUard Palmer and Elsie Gamer, by A. C. "Miller, M. G.
" 27. Miner Y. Smitli and Harriet Lee, by James Bnswell, J. P.
Nov. 1. Milo W. Fargo and Marv ^l. Reeger, bv Jacob Matthews, M. G.
" 4. Wm. Luce, jr., and Jane McVickers, bv J. B. Russell, J. P.
'' 7. Wm. D. Cuinming and Martha E. Anthony, by A. C. Miller.
'" 12. Patrick McSherry and Ellen McGuire, by Catholic Missioner.
'" 19. Horatio G. Scribner and Hannah Scholes, by W. W. Winslow.
" 14. Robert L. Scott and Isabella Happock, by Daniel M. Kelly, J. P.
'•' 14. Harrison Miner and Alice Parrish, by H. B. Foskett, M. G.
" 14. Charles B. Thorp and Harriet Riddle, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
'' 14. Tyrus Matthews and Climena Scribner, by E. S. Brodhead.
" 18. Lewis Redding and Cvnthia Ann Walling, bv John E. Evans.
" 18. Franklin Runnells and Lenora E. Blood, by'^C. A. Hewitt. M.G.
" 16. Ambrose W. Matthews and Sarah Ann Wilsey, by D. McCance.
" 17. Hiram P. Mallory and Hannah Redding, by John R. Evans.
Dec. 4. Chas. T. Edwards and Eunice V. Spencer, by C. A. Hewitt.
" 4. Jesse J. Flahartv and Annie Bruce, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
" 11. Chas. H. Barce and Kesiah Y. Flint, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
" 19. Thomas S. Jones and Margaret J. Jones, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
" 17. George Miller and Mary Ely, by D. McCance, J. P.
" 22. Andrew Oliver and Betty Armstrong, by John M. Graham.
'' 23. John Arganbright and Latitia Ray, by Minot Silliman, J. P.
1862.
Jan. 1. John Buchanan and Ann McBeth, by John M. Graham. M. G.
" 1. R. C. Baker and Mary A. Shore, by J. T. Westorer, M. G.
*' 1. Moses H. Weaver and Sophia Stuart, by Charles P. Blake, J. P.
" 5. David II. Anderson aiui Sarah A. Veeder, by Jacob Matthews.
94- HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
Thomas C. McChesney and Rosetta A. Palmer, by W. J. Smith.
Moses B. Robinson and Mahala Swift, by Jefferson Raymond.
Robert M. Finley and Mary A. Hum, by W. J. Smith ^ M. G.
Roderick McKenzie and Margaret Ross, by Geo. Stebbins, M. G.
John Jones and Kanc}' Jane White, by Minott Silliman, J. P.
Levi Eckley and Charlotte S. AVhite, by John Finley, 0. J.
John Shaner and Cordelia Flook, by John Xeff, M. G.
Wm. Pratt and Mary A. Snethen, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
John H. Taylor and Isabella Galley, by M. P. King, M. G.
Albert P. Terwilliger and Margaret Willey, by Peter Stnrm.
Charles Janes and Christina Baglon, by D. McCance, C. J.
Joseph Patterson and Caroline Price, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
Patrick Hanlev and Margaret Al worth, by Lewis Lightner,
Caleb S. Heaton and Mary E. Knoff, by Allen C, MHler, M, G,
Betherel Parrish and Celestia Ferris, by W, J, Smith, M, G.
Jacob L. Young and Julia A. Gardner, by W. J. Smith, M, G.
John Colwell and Almira Fast, by W. S. Bates, M. G.
Donald McKae and Christy McLennan, by John M, Graham.
Xils Xelson and Parmelia Paulson, by D. McCance, J. P.
AVm. J. Morey and Josephine Driscoll, by D. M, Kelly, J. P.
Adam Jackson and Agnes ^lurray, by John M. Grabam, ]\L G.
Wm. Dickinson and ]\Iary Atkinson, by J. S, Millsapps, M. G.
Joseale Bevier and Eliza McKibbins, by Louis Lightner. M. G.
Wm. Redding and Hannah L. L. Atkinson, by John R. Evans.
Milner P. Davidson and Lora A. Lyon, by John XeiT, M. G.
Peter Roberts and Sarah N. Clifton, by Levi Lapham, J. P.
Robert Faulds and Catherine Courtney, by James M. Stickney.
Wm. A. Lawson and Sina Mott. by E. S. Brodhead, Pol. Mag.
Elias Nuller and Rlioda Jenkins, by Sylvester F. Otman, J. P.
David D. Coombs and Eliza Applegate, by B. F. Fuller, J. P.
Francis Baxter and Jane A. Wardell, by A. J. Wright. M. G.
Wilson Spencer and Caroline Brace, by Jacob Matthews. M. G.
Richard F. Williamson and Louisa Nicholson, by A. J. Wright.
Jobn Butler and Mary Cavenagh. by Catholic Missioner.
Charles W. Coe and Julia A. Bennett, by Alvin Abbott, M. G.
Xicholas Sturm and Martha Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Albert Vail and Sylvia Stockton, by E. S. Brodhead. Pol. Mag.
John Smith and Bridget McComisky, by Louis Lightner, M. G.
Wm. H. Drennin and Lucy A. Chatfee, by W. S. Bates, M. G.
Wm. H. Ansman and Ruth A Xelson, by Peter Sturm. M. G.
Harrod Murnan and Gertrude A. Lyon, by E. S. Brodhead.
Samuel Montootb and Hannah S. Stnrm, by Peter Sturm, yi. G.
Jacob McDaniel and Louisa Hall, by Ahab Keller. M. G.
]\richael liargin and Celia Xoble, by E. Delaharty, M. G.
Jeremiah Wagoner and Laura Culton, by R. McBocock, J. P.
Benjamin Mehew and Marietta Ellenwood, by John Xeff, M. G.
Robert Alexander and Melissa R. Mix, by Peter Sturm. M. G.
Gersham Bunnell and Ellen Cooper, by James Snare, J. P.
James A. Long and Rosina Glitch, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Charles Kezer and Sarah J. Smith, by Josiah Kerns, M. G.
Josiali Miner and Lydia A. Houck, by Jetf. Raymond. J. P.
Wm. Higginson and Mary Evins, by D. McCance, J. P.
Lemuel F. Mattbews and Lucretia S. Trickle, by W. J. Smith.
Jan.
1.
t<
1.
(I
2.
<(
1.
a
G.
a
14.
a
15.
a
19.
i(
23.
( i
2G.
a
30.
a
30.
Feb.
3.
a
1.
i<
4.
6.
a
20.
a
21.
Mar.
1.
ii
2.
a
3.
a
4.
(<
5.
a
6.
a
10.
ii
8.
a
13.
ii
17.
i(
26.
April
1.
a
16.
May
ii
rv
2(i.
i I
20.
a
29.
June
14.
ii
22,
ii
25.
July
a
4.
12.
Aug.
1 .
ii
10.
ii
11.
>•
10.
, ,'
18.
a
16,
a
15.
ii
19.
ii
20.
ii
21
ii
26.
"A
o
P3
O
^5
cc
W
Iz;
o
H
Hi
►J
<
O
o
;?;
O
Iz;
<!
MARRIAGE RECORD 1831-1866. 07
Aug. 27. Newton Baiighn and Irene Simms, by D. McCance, C. J.
" 28. Ephraim W.Smith and Sarah M. Addis, by D. McCance, J. P.
'^ 30. James N. Davison and Mary C. Eicliards, by B. F. Fuller, J. P.
Sept. 2. Alvah Sturtevant and Rebecca Pratt, by Jacob Matthews, M. G.
2. Thomas Corlitt and Mary Zinne. by D.' McCance, J. P.
'' 9. Robert Allen and Alice Holt, by R^. C. Dunn, M. G.
" 12. Jacob Williams and Sarah Saxton, by Peter Strum, M. G.
" 21. W^ellington H. Boyer and Anna P. Hinson, by D. Hitchcock.
" 21. George'W. Gharrett and Alice Fuller, by James Snare, J. P.
" 14. Geo. (*ooper and Rebecca Bunnell, by James Snare, J. P.
" 25. Geo. H. McClenahan and Martha L. Atherton, by J. Raymond.
Oct. o. Thomas Wickluini and Mary Welch, bv P. McGregor. Cath. Pas.
1. Philip C. Rhea and Eliza j". Parks, by John Neff^ M. G.
'' 2. Charles Stephens and Hannah J. Jewell, by I). McCance, J. P.
" 2. Ira H. Ilochstrasserand Margaret Driunin, by M. P. King, M. G.
"' 5. George Holmes and Martiia E. Carney by John Neff, M. G.
" 15. Neri McDaniel and Finiah Mcintosh, by D. McCance, J. P.
" 21. Michael S. Smith and Nancy Bateman, by W. J. Stubble, M. G.
" 23. Joseph P. Gibbs and Hannah B. Gibbs, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
" 29.- Lewis Corson and Lydia A. Buck, by E. C. Brodhead, P. Mag.
Nov. 8. Ziba Hackett and Lucinda Smith, by Thos. Grattridge, J. P.
" 9. John M. Ilurd and Mahala R. Swank, by S. A. Elliott, M. G.
" 12. Wian E. Clough and Jennie Thornton, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
'' 27. Samuel White and Lucinda Harris, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Dec. 2. Wm. E. Thomas and Elmira Myers, by D. Cance, J. P.
" 15. Geo. M. Adams and Hannah R. Adams, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
" 15. D. H. Dalrymple and Louisa Harmon, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
" 24. John E. Dack and Jane Wiley, by John Neff, M. G.
" 28. Stephen Halsey and Delia H." Lacey, by D. M. Kelley, J. P.
" 29. Isaac Welch and Catherine L. Baldwin, by R. C!. Dunn, M. G.
"• 31. J. C. Capestake and Sarah C. Hulsizer, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
1863.
Jan. 5. George Board man and Lvdia Smith, bv Peter Sturm, M. G.
" 15. Wm. Coleman and Eliza'Leigh, by S. A. Elliott, M. G.
" 11. John Freeland and Emilene Hall, by James Snare, J. P.
" 14. Norman Malcom and Elvira Straight, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
" 23. Geo. E. Richmond and Eliza N. Simmerman, by S. M. Farrar.
" 27. Jolm H. Ogle and Diantha W. Sturm, by A. C. Price, V. D. M.
Feb. 5. Albert M. Frisbie and Harriett Hines, by M. P. King, M. G.
5. G. H. H. Q. Dalrymple and Mary Griffin, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
" 10. Richard J. Crodder and Eliza A. Tofflemoyer, by John Sargent.
'• 11. Ellis W. Gaskill and Jane McBride, by J. A. Graham, M. G.
" 11. John Besler and Anna Jopig, by E. S. Broadhead, Pol. Mag.
" 13. Wm. Murray and Isa])ella Fairbairn, by J. M. Graham, M. G.
" 19. Geo. Rutherford and Jane Armstrong, A. J. Wright, M. G.
" 22. Francis S. Clark and Malvenia Powell, by W. R. Stowe. M. G.
" 23. Reed Spencer and Sarah J. Greenman, by James Snare, J. P.
" 25. Farquhar Bain and Ann ]\[urehison, no record.
Mar. 16. William McCormick and Mell French, by James Snare, J. P.
" 9. James H. Springfield and Martha E. Geer, Benj. M. Lombard.
"' 26. Madara D. Fezler and Marv B. Whitaker, by R. C. Dunn.
'' 25. John C. Emery and Louisa C. Hall, by R. C. 'Dunn. M. G.
" 31. John Smilie and Mary A. Burns, by D. M. Kelly, J. P.
08 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
JSTatliaii Downing and Ilaniiali F. Eiter, S. P. Unntiiigtoii.
Murdow Murchinson and Sally Matheson, no record.
Wm. H. Thwiss and Hannah Witter, by A. C. Price, M. G.
Jacob H. Sanders and Mary M. Brace, by W. J. Smith, M. G.
Daniel B. Glark and Eliza A. Kent, liscence returned.
David L. Ash and Eliza Messenger, by Lemuel Pomeroy, M. G.
Francis M. Timmons and Eliza Rush, by A. G. Hammond, J. P.
George Smith and Adelia A. Greenman, by Jos. Woodward.
Thomas Scavenger and Ann E. Corner, by James W. Hewett.
Thomas Eobinson and Lucy G. Lyle, W. J. Stubbles, M. G.
David Collins and Sarah Burns, by John Nelf, M. G.
Calvin Vulgamot and Catherine (Jingrich, by W. S. Bates.
W. L. Straharn and Harriet E. Reed, by D. Whiflfen, J. P.
Aaron S. Atherton and Mary J. Sanders, by W. J. Smith, M.G.
Wm. S. Hixon and Lucv Oziah, A. J. AVright, M. G.
Wm. P. Hall,and Louisa J. Hadsell, by D. M. Kelly, J. P.
rienry Caruthers and Lucinda Simmerman. by S. M. F. Farrar.
Thomas C Hepperly and Selina A. King, by John ]\"et¥, M. G.
Jothan Rounds and Martha Cypler, by B. F. Fuller, J. P.
John C. May and Rebecca A. Trickle, "^A. C. Price, M. G.
Chas. H. Maxfield and Helen Fuller, by A. J. Wright. M. G.
Robert Riddle and Betsy Cameron, R. C. Dunn, M.G.
Geo. Boale and Lydia Mix, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Samuel Hewett and Mary J. Sapp, Ijy James W. Hewett, P.M.
■'John W. Emery and Lizzie Livingstone, by D. McCance, J. P.
Jacob IF Simmerman and Levina Durand, J. W. Hewett.
Robert M. Masters and Ijouisa Lundy, by Jacob Matthews.
Thomas Dawson and Jane Meadows. Jos. Woodward, J. P.
Cornelius L. Lupert and Laura Halsey, A. Gross, M.G.
W. H. Gray and Eliza Traphagan, by D. McCance, J. P.
Thomas Homer and Charlotte Dew-ey, by A. J. Wright, M. G.
Aug. B. Kirkjjatrick and Fannie Redding, l)y Jesse Redding.
David Magee and Eliza Jewell, by D. McCance, J. P.
John Black and Eliza Mason, by E. Ransom, jr., M. G.
Cornelius Horn and Lienor Newton, by N. Y. Giddings, M. G.
Wm. Peterson and Marv Wooden, bv Robt. McCutcheon, ^f. G.
Geo. A. Clifford and Mary C. Clifford, by A. C. Price, M. G.
Charles H. Grimm and Catherine McLennan, by J. M. Graham.
Reuben Gardner and Marv McGee, bv AV. W. Winslow, J. P.
Wm. P. McGilliard and Eliza J. Torrance, by A. C. Miller, M. G.
Chester Lyon and Chloe A. Austin, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Peter Nelson and Lucinda A. Smith, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
George Currier and Sarah Drury, by A. M. Gardner, M. G.
Dan.Drawver andLucia A. Wilson, by D. A. Falkenburg
M. G.^ ^ '
James A. Edwards and Susan Lee, by A. C. Price, M.G.
Isaac Shepherd and Mary A. Cockshot, by D. McCance, J. P.
Daniel McClure and Matilda Case, by R. C. Dunn, M.G.
J. B. Cochran and Sarah C. Goodspeed, by Ansel J. Wright. .
James Pace and Bell McLain, by George Stebbins, M.G.
Bainbridge Ray and Mary Prather, by D. McCance, M.G.
George Boardman and J. C. Updike, by W. S. Bates, M. G.
Wm. P. Caverley and Elizabeth Hartley, by A. E. Wells, M. G.
Apri
112,
17.
(I
22,
May
6
2.
a
vi.
a
o\.
June
14
a
11,
a
30,
July
a
2,
a
I
ce
!>,
(V
12
Aug.
i
a
4,
i i
16.
a
IG.
a
20.
a
23.
i i
20.
Sept.
5,
3.
i i
23,
i i
10.
i e
13.
t i
Ifl.
a
21.
a
24.
a
22.
Oct.
1.
a
4.
a
I i
13.
a
18.
i i
19.
a
15.
Nov.
10.
••
19.
a
10.
a
15.
e i
'ib.
((
22.
a
20.
a
30.
"
30.
Dec.
12.
a
8.
a
10.
a
17.
ii
17.
Dec.
24.
i(
24.
t i
30.
a
31.
Jan .
3.
• •
G.
a
21.
ee
14.
a
19.
.i
20.
((
26.
a
29.
Feb.
it
10.
(<
10.
a
IG.
a
14.
i i
18.
a
22.
a
25.
a
27.
iC
29.
Mar.
10.
<e
9.
a
13.
a
12.
a
17.
a
22.
(<
23.
(<
2G.
i i
25.
a
27.
i(
27.
a
31.
April
i i
3.
3.
a
13.
a
17.
a
11.
ii
13.
a
19.
a
19.
c.
30.
May
10.
12.
a
15.
a
17.
i I
11.
June
4.
i (
15,
I c
18.
a
21.
MARRIAGE RF.CORD 1 831-1 86t). 99
Joseph Smith and Sarah Armentrout, Ijy S. M. F. Farrar, J. P.
John H. Houzo and Susannah Gingrich, by I). McCance, J. P.
Wm. S. Kimball and ^lai-garet P. Conistock, by James W. Hewett.
Thos. T. Leacox and Hannah Y. Wilson, by Delos S. Main, M. G.
18G4.
Geo. C. Maxfield and Cynthia C. Parrish, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Isaac S. Whitaker and Sarah A. Shinn, by I\. C. Dnnn, M. G.
Miles Colwell and Amanda Barr, by D. McCance, J. P.
James Kerns and Sarah J. Bristoll, by N. J. Geddings, M. G.
James R. Lawson and Ophelia Lafferty, by J. W. Hewett, P. M.
Nathan Shulze and Eliza A. Culbertson, by R. C. Dnnn, M. G.
Wm. C. Phelps and Rachel Snyder, by Jos. Woodward, J. P.
Thos. Turnbull and Margaret Montooth. by J. M. Graham, M. C.
Thomas Baskin and Nancy Simmons, J. B. Clhenoweth, M. G.
Thomas W. Embleton and Kate Beach, by F. F. Perkins, M. G.
Wm. Miller and Mary E. Miller, by S. M. F. Farrar. J. P.
Geo. P. Gerard and Nancy E. Leeson, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G.
Martin Medearis and Margaret J. Robinson, by Jas. Snare, J. P.
Daniel Keller and Mary VV. Wright, by E Ransom, M. G.
Cyrus A. Anthony and Charlotte Shaw^, by Allen C. Miller. M. G.
Ezra J Griffin and Rel)ecca L. Nicholas, bv J. M. Ford. M. G.
John Dawson and Jemima Detman, by B. F. jNIiller, J. P.
Robert Cinnamon and Jane McClane, by F. F. Perkins, M. G.
Anthony Sturm and Nancy Bogard, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Jas. M. Harwood ami Rebecca Wall, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G.
Edwin H. Tyrrell and Elizabeth Rockwell, by F. Bascom, M. G.
Abe. Loudenburg and Lydia Phenix, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Jesse Redding and Sarah Fulk, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Alfred S. Hemmant and Mary E. Kavanaugh, by J. W. Agard.
'JMiomas J. Townsend and Maria L. Bevier, byA. C. Price, M. G.
Albert Vansickle and Rachel A. Oziah, by S. M. F. Farrer, J. P.
Thomas Imes and Cynthia A. Harmon, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Charles Hall and Sarah Carter, by Thomas Beall, J. P.
Peter J. Allison and Mary A. Williams, byA. J. Wright, M. G.
James F. Holmes and Mary Richardson, by A. J. Wright, M. G.
Daniel E. Markland and Hannah E. Miller, by James Snare, J. P.
Geo. H. Hurd and Cynthia J. Wilson, by K. C. Price, M . G.
Harry Hull and Alice Somberger, by Jacob Matthews, M. G.
Chas. H. Colwell and Hester Miller, by D. McCance, J. P.
Ira C. Reed and Sarah M. Barnell, by'S. M. F. Farrar, J. P.
AVm. Calhoon and Ann M. Beayer, by A. C. Price, M. G.
Theo. Bacmeister and Laura L. Ogle. byA. C. Price, M. G.
Ira Newton and Oliye E. Smith, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Americus Jones and Hannah Messenger, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Abram Vandike and Henrietta R. Blood, byA. C. Price, M. G.
W. H. (iibbs and Julia A. Grant, by J. W. Hewett, Pol. Mag.
John Drew and Atlanta Lyle, by Ehud Fordyce, M. G.
Emery Buffom and Anna Ilimes, by A. C. Price, M. G.
Henry H. Emery and Sarah A. Swab, by D. M. Kelly. J. P.
James Abates and Martha Baritt, by J. W. Hewett, Pol. Mag.
Henry Rhodes and Carrie Johnson, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Seidell Miner and Eliza C. Smith, by A. C. Price, M. G.
Oloff H, Johnson and Sarah Swift, by E, McCance, J, P,
100 niSTdKV OF STARK COUNTY.
James II. Dexter and Eliza M. Johnson, by S. L. Hamilton.
Jesse AV. Hawk and Susan Locey, by D. McCance, J. P.
Wm. Murnan and ]Mary Coe, by I). MeCance, J. P.
John Kermeen and Annie McCain,, by 1>. F. Fuller, J. P.
John Graves and Rebecca J . Hurry, by E. B. Barker, M. G.
Francis G. Lego-itt and Katv Long, by A. C. Price, M. G.
W. 0. Dalrymple and Ellen"^ Conner, by W. W. Winslow, J. P.
Francis W. Funis and Ellen Cooper, by J. W. Ilewett, P. M.
Henry Lassing and Josie Marker, by P. C. Dunn, M. G.
JohnW. Rounds and Missouri A. Davis, by D. M. Kelley. J. P.
Robert A. Turnbull and Rebecca Montooth, by R. C. Dunn.
Thomas A. Colvin and Sarah Willeson, by S. B. Smith, M. G.
Stephen Roberts and Susaniia Hogan, by J. W. Hewett, P. M.
Daniel 0. Addis and Margaret Caskey, by Allen C. Miller, M. G.
Eugene B. Lyon and jMartha Cox, by E. P. Barker, M. G.
Thomas Xicliols and Marv J. Cohvell, bv J. W. Hewett, P. M.
John A. Cowell and Charlotte Gridley, by E. P. Baker, M. G.
Fred P. Bloom and Charlotte Curfman, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Israel Dawson and Effie McMillen, b}' J. W. Hewett, P. M.
Philip Arganbright and Josephine Boggs, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Lorenzo Waldron and Clarrissa Reed, by Edward Aril on, M. G.
AVm. W. Stuart and Delphine ISTewton, by James B. Chenewith.
AVm. 0. Flaharty and Margaret Kelly, by John Kilkenny, Priest.
Abram Buifiugton and Susan A. Pettit. by A. H. Ilepperly. '
Wm. W. Hylton and Adelaide Phenix, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Calvin R. Smythe and Armentia Triiilett, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Wm. A. Cade and Fannie E. Simpson, bv J. M. Van Wagner.
Geo. B. Vansickle and Alziria Barnhill, by A. C. Miller. M. G.
John Hoppock, Jr., and Ilattie Conklin, by Horace Worden,
John Imes and Mary Asburn. by Peter Sturm, M. G.
James Boland and Eleanor Boyd, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Daniel McCrady and Mary Dixon, no record.
Marion Davis and Ellen Boardman, by J. W. Agard, M. G.
Bela H. Curtiss and Alary Sliaw, by Alvin Abbott, M. G,
Joel Straight and Eliza Whitcher, by A. G. Hammond, J. P.
John M. Cole, and Christenah Peterson, by D. M. Hill, M. G.
Charles C. Gleeson and Mary Bolt, by James Snare, J. P.
John Barler and Xancv J. (rraves, bv D. McCance, J. P.
Hugh Rhodes and Hannah Beatty, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Cuthbert Driscoll and Sarah J. Davis, by M. H. Negus M. G.
D. McLennan and Catharine JMurcliison, by Lemuel Pomeroy.
Hiram AA^yatt and Rebecca Newmyer, by James Darsie.
John AV. Dickenson and Delia AI. Drawyer, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
Jacob Rogers and ]\Iary W. Reujanington, by A. C. ^Miller, M. G.
AV. II. Fleming and Sarah A. AVilson, by AVm. Leber, M. G.
Harrison I). Gill and Sarah Britten, by E. P. Barker, M, G.
Sidney F. Harding and Mary A. Irwin, by J. M. Graham, M. G.
Alonzo Luce and Catherine Miller, by J. AV. Hewitt, J. P.
Robt. G. Stowe and Martha E. Pope, by E. Ransom, Jr., M. G.
John F. Greenfield and Thurza Hitchcock, by D. McCance, J. P.
1865.
Henry Newton and Cynthiana Harvey, by J. AV. Hewitt, J. P.
Daniel Lundy and Catherine Emery, by Jacob Matthews, M. G.
dune
30.
July
4.
4.
i i
a
4.
i i
17,
Aug.
3.
( i
11.
( i
15.
i e
31.
Sept.
1.
rv
i .
a
8.
a
13.
a
20.
ei
23.
<i
24.
a
29.
ii
29.
a
29.
Oct.
3.
i i
i i
14.
ii
16.
a
13.
a
17.
a
24.
a
^1.
a
18.
a
30.
i i
29.
a
29.
Nov.
3.
a
5.
a
12.
a
17.
a
14.
a
24.
a
26.
a
26.
a
29.
({
29.
Dec.
4.
i<
5.
a
8.
a
11.
a
22.
a
22.
a
25.
a
27.
Jan.
4.
a
5.
Jiin.
21
i k
')0
/V'.V 1
a
23,
a
23,
a
28,
a
31
Feb.
9
a
9
/C,
a
2.
a
3!
a
6.
a
14,
I i
15,
ei
15,
a
15,
w •
10,
a
16,
a
19,
• k
99
/v'w .
.Mar.
2.
i (
5
a
9,
. i
12,
a
18,
April
6
b i
9,
a
19,
<i
12,
* •
22
Mu}'
9,
4 h
19,
June
10,
a
18,
a
9?^
/^O.
. .
97
~ < .
July
4,
iC
4,
i 1.
0,
ee
22,
a
9 7
/v 1 ,
a
28,
Aug.
0.
a
G,
a
1 ,
i «
1»,
■'
20,
li
30,
ii
31
"'
31,
Sept.
1,
"
4
• •
4
MAKKIAGE KECOKD 1831-1866. 101
John Greenwood and Susan Wright, hy J. W. Agard. M. G.
Kowland F. Washbnrn and Ijucinda Williams, by E. P. Barker.
James P. McGuyre and Mary J. Collins, by J. W. Hewitt, J. P.
Thomas Hick and Margaret Cockshoot, by J. W. Hewitt, J. V.
Adam Fletcher and ]Mary Pees, by J. W. Hewitt. P. Mag.
John Armstrong and Jane Pule, by J. M. Van Wagner, M. G
Geo. W. Kirkpatrick and ]\[artlia A, Taylor, by James Darsie.
Wm. 0. Johnson and Hannah L. Fitch, by James Darsie, M. G.
Wm. J. Lamperand Mary Clayton, by C. Selden, M. G.
Joseph F. Lewis and Catlierine Buckley, by I). McCance, J. P.
Poss Colwell and Mary J. Gierhart. by A. J. Wright, M. G.
Mathusalah Bevier and Fanny L. Hicks, by Alvin Abbott, M. G.
Wm. W. l^uswell and lone Beckwith, by J. M. Grciham, M. G.
Daniel Moon and Hester A. Lord, by John M. (Jraham, M. G.
James A. Henderson, and Fi'ancis A. Dewey, by P. C. Dunn.
John Harvie and Melinda Jane Simmerman, by James Snare.
Aron J. Anderson and Susan Updyke, by J. W. Hewett, J. P.
Wm. A. Ellis and Adaline W. Davis, by A. G. Hammond, J. P.
Wm. Warhurst and Lydia Umbaugh, by Geo. W. Brown, M. G.
Alex. Ballentine and Isabella Templeton, by P. C. Dunn. M. G.
Simon Cox and Mary E. Graves, by A. G. Hammond, J. P.
John H. Brown and Mary Holmes. l)y James Darsie, M. (i.
Albert G. Hilliard and Euplnmia Clark, by W. J. Beck, M. (i.
Miles S. Williams and Pollv M. Elston, bv W. W. Winslow, J. P.
Eli Wilson and Mary M. Morris, by J. W. Hewitt, P. Mag.
Thomas Mayborn and Pebecca Jerrems. by A. G. Hammond.
Lewis Hoppock and Hnldah Cross, by W. J. Beck, M. G.
Henry C. Morris and Mary Burnam. by E. Pansom, Jr., ]Vr. G.
George P. Harris and Jane Page, by J. W. Hewett, P. Mag.
Abel T. George a]ul Rhoda E. Sharer, by J. B. Chenoweth. M. (J.
Wm. Delay and Martha Patrick, bv C. M. S. Lvon, J. P.
Geo. W. Goodnow and Mary Harmsehild, by D. McCance, C. J.
John T. Kinmonth and Henrietta Atherton, by James Darsie.
Wm. M. Pilgram and ^larv Waslibui'ne, bv E. P. Barker. M. (\.
Oliver White and Mattie L. Mercer, bv Darius M. Hill, :\r. G.
Geo. Atwood and Catherine M. Foster, by A. J. Wright. M. G.
Jacob Umbaugh and Sarah E. Dudley, bv A. J. Wright, M. G.
Wm. Boyd and Mary Colthar, by A. C. Miller, M. G^
Simi)son Simmons and .Margaret Hull, by C. A. Hewett, 31. (i.
John Frey and Eliza Jane l^'ulk. liy Peter Sturm, ]\L G.
James Montooth and Mary Wilson, by Wm. Leber, M. G.
Ezra Ferris and ^lai'v C. Cummings. No I'ecord.
Chancey E. Ballard and Mary E. Zink. l)y James Buswell, J. P.
Charles H. Newman and Alvira \. Jordan, bv Alvin Abbott.
Harlan P. Wyckoft' and Phebe Ackley, by li.\) Dunn, M. G.
Wm. Mowon and Lucinda Potts, by C. M. S. Lyon. J. P.
John McKee and Madeline Bradford, bv A. H. Hep})erlv. M. (i.
George A. Smith ;ind .Mary E. Wolf, by A. C. Price, M.^ G.
Chris G. Birlemeyer and Ann B. Wenger, l)y E. Pansom, jr.
Jas[)er Dollison and Lydia Klli.son. by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P.
JMorris C. Lampson and Mary J. Fi'ancns, by A. (i. Hanimund.
Andrew Creighton and Hannah Atkinson, In' Jos. Woodward.
P.enjamiu C.'Follett and Helen Phodes, by A. J. Wright, .AL (i.
h)2 HISTOKY OF STAKK COUNTY.
Sept. 5. Eli Emery and Mary C Johnson, by J. W. Hewitt, J. P.
" 5. Stephen AV. Marring and Sarah Porter, by A. J. Wright, M. G.
'' 5. Hiram A. S, Kane and Marv E. Burns, bv J. ^\ . Hewett. P. M.
0. Geo. W. Peed and Mrs. Jan'e Hunter, by AVm. A. Clark, M. G.
7. Philip F. Earhart and Lucretia Dollison, bv C. M. S. Lvon.
" 11. George Phelps and Sarah Choate, by E. P. Barker. M. G.
• • 1-J-. Sylvester Hall and Catherine Harding, by A . H . Hepperly, M. G.
" 14. Joseph A. Webster and Susan E. Saxton, by J. B. Russell, J. P.
'• 14. Benj. F. Hersh and Love S. Fox, by A'. G. Hammond. J. P.
•• 16. Bnrdiek Kinvon and Silvina Wilson. G. W. Shaffer. M. G.
•• IG. David M. Poor and Matilda Witter.' by D. M. Hill. M. G.
••' 18. Job Mahaffy and Ann E. Broughten, by H. R. Halsey, J. P.
'' 21. Stephen (jreen and Francis S. Hunt, bv James W. Hewett, J. P.
•'•' 24. Royal H. Miller and Arabella Kisseil,*by R. C. Dunn, M.' G.
Oct. 1. Charles M. A\^ilson and Jane A. Lawson, by Wm. Leber, M. G.
" 2. Joseph C. Hiner and Eleanor A. Eagan, by A. P. Aten, M. (J.
" 2. Orange F. Dorranee and Ada Hicks, by J. Milligan, M. G.
" 4. James A. ]\rcKenzie and Louisa Thomas, by J. AV. Agard, M. G.
7. Joseph H. Gi7igrich nnd Marv A. Finch, bv D. M. Hill, M. G.
■' 10. Demetrius E. Morris and Mavy Vandyne, by G. AA' . Shaffer, M. G.
12. Samuel Happock and Sarah J. Likes, by E. Ransom. Jr., M. G.
14. AA"m. C. \\'right and Susan C. Casky, by J. AA" . Hewitt. P. 3[ag.
17. Hector M. Lamb and Athalia Barlow, 1)y C. M. S. Lyon, J. P.
19. Erastus E. Reed and Clarinda AVood, by James Snare, J. P.
" 19. H. H. Ballentine and Mary Trimmer, by Aug. G. Hammond.
" 19. Chauncev R. Miner and Chloe R. Parrish, bv A. J. Wright.
" 19. Richard R. Luce and Eliza McVicker, by D.' McCance, J. P.
•' 23. Duncan G. Ligraham and Eliza A. Sticknev, bv J. M. Sticknev.
'• 2(J. Wm. B. Thompson and Ellen Toothaker, by R.^ C. Dunn, M. G.
" 26. Anson R. 'J'anner and Catherine Oxenberger, bv Peter Sturm.
■• 26. Oliver P. Crowell and Mary .M Hiner, by D. M. Hill, M. G.
" 2ij. James AVall and Ann Carroll, by Missionary Priest.
" 29. Henry S. Crook and Mattie Hanchett, by Robt. McBocock, M. G,
31. Gideon Murray and Jane Fairbairn. by A. J. AA' right. M. G.
Nov. 2. Aaron Schmuck and Julia A. Hill, by E. Ransom. Jr., M. G.
" 5. James M. Lowman and Mary E. Thomas, by D. M.Hill, M. G.
12. Samuel Redding and Letitia Boffard, by Sam. Stoughten. ^L G.
'• 13. Ninirod C. Bishop and Auliana AVinslow. bv Alvin Abbott. M. G.
'•' 19. Joseph B. Armentrout and Pollv A. Fantz'. bv D. M. Hill. M. G
" 11). Wm. 11. Hazard and Sarah M. "Caskev, bv A C.Miller. M. G.
•■ 23. (ieoro-e H. Martin and Ruth AVhite. bv D." M. Hill. M. G.
•• 26. Fred'. .Al. Talbott and Melissa R. Alexander, by L. R. AVinn, J. P.
Dec. 5. Geo. W. Botkin and Jane B. Potter, by E. Ransom, M. G.
" — . Joel Dixon and Hannah Putnam, bv 0. (i. AA'ood. J. P.
" 24. Robert Hall and Jane AVrag, by R. AIcBocock, J. P.
25. Jonathan Graves and Rachel Graves, by A. G. Hammond. J. P.
'• 25. Henry 0. Ackley and ^lelvina Simmerman, bv C. AA'. Young.
•• 28. James R. (ielvin and Martha 0. Trickle, by D. M. Hill. M. G.
28. Samuel Mechm and Almeda A. Cheeseman, bv J. AV. Hewitt.
'• 28. John L. Finley and Rebecca Trickle, by D. M. Hill. M. G.
31. John McCarthy and Mary Poll, by A. G. Hammond. J. P.
1866.
Jan. 1. Uzias 1'. Smith and Valina E. Miller, by Louis Benedict, M. G.
Jan.
1.
a
7.
ei
1.
a
4.
i .
1.
a
10.
a
14.
((
18.
a
11.
a
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25.
i ^
25.
i(
25.
(.'
28.
a
;3o.
Fel).
8.
a
11.
a
12.
4 ^
13.
a
19.
li
21.
a
20.
i (
28.
a
27.
a
27.
•'
28.
Mar.
' '
5.
i i
rv
a
9.
iC
11.
i •>'
21.
.' i
15.
(.'
21.
i i.
22.
April
1 4.
a
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15.
i i
19.
* •
18.
May.
2.
10.
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10.
a
13.
a
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i I
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a
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27.
MAKRIAGE EECOKD 1831-180f». 1 (>')
Williarcl B. Foster and Mary Ciirtiss, by Alvin Al)bott, M. Or.
Patrick McGuire and Sarah Harty, by Father Kilkenny.
Jos. 0. H. Spinney and Jnlia Bevier, by Alvin Abbott, M. G.
Harry Fornian and Susannah Schanck, by A. C. Price, M. G.
Archibald Wade and Elizabeth Lyman, by E. Kansom, Jr.
Wm. H. Barton and K. M. Standard, by A. G. Hammond.
Lewis Halsted and Harriet A. Jackson, by E. Ransom, Jr.
Laban M. Diigan and Susan A. Cook, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Wm. L Cross and Delia M. Fuller, by D. M. Hill, M. G.
Charles D. Shaver and Delia Bourlier, by J. B. Chenowth.
Henry Zimmerman and Jacobin Wilt, by A. G. Hammond.
Orrin Kinmouth and Hester Atherton, l)y F]. Ransom, M. G.
Oarin Maxfield, Jr., and Cynthia Stone, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Charles Dudley'and Eliza C. Bevier, by M. H. Megus, M. G.
Peter F. Gregory and Rachel Bird, by J. W. Hewitt, P. M.
George Leigh and Margaret Knotf, by Wm. Leber, M. G.
W. J. Hamilton and Annette Bryan, by A. J. Wright, M. G.
Franklin Stanton and Ellen Riggin, by R. C. Dunn, M.G.
Newton Dollison and Mary White, by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P.
Peter J. Riner and Martha L. Graves, by R. C. Dunn, M. ({.
Nathan Snare and Isabella Williamson, by AV. E. Martin.
Joel Hendrick and Henrietta Wilson, by W. Leber, M. (r.
John I). Essex and Mary Bunnell, by A. G. Hammond. P. P.
Ira F. Hayden and Marietta Vinson, by J. W. Hewitt, J . P.
Nicliolas Fiber and Wyonia Anderson, by J. W. Hewitt, J.- P.
Hiram Thurston aiurOrmilda White, by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P.
Charles 0. Wilson and Lucinda Acer, by J. W. Hewitt, J. ^P.
AVm. Johnson and Mary Y. P)arrett, by J. W. Hewitt. J. P.
Clayton A. DeWolf and Lusetta Atherton, by David R. Gelviii.
W^m. Turnbull. Jr., and Catharine McLennan, by J. R. Harris.
Milton Trickle and Drusilla Shirver?, by E. Ransom, ^l. G.
.John Wiley and Sarah C. Aten, by W. Leber, M. G.
Ephriam S. Garrison and Sarali C. Pratz, by D. McCance.
Carlos B. Lyle and Mary S. Eiigles, by J. R. Harris, M. G.
Andrew Galbraith and Hannali R. Thomas, by E. P. Barker.
Jacob Carr and Rhoda Miller, by A. (J. Hammond, J. 1*.
Michael Hurim and Angeline Overlander, by AVilson Trickle.
James Morris and Henrietta Little, by Calvin Seldiii, M. G.
Henrv Scott and Ellen linswell. bv J. R. Harris, M. G.
Wm.'Moffittand Elizabeth J. Hall, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Elwood DeWolf and Nancy Atherton, by C. M. S. Lyon, J. P.
James Swank and Henrietta, Kissel, by W"ni. Leber, M. G.
John Farrell and Harriet Poil, 1)y C. A. Shurtleff, J. P.
Calvin B. Rockwell and Maria L. AVhitt'en, by S. A. Estee.
AlvaW. Brown and Francis Hodgson, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
Wm. H. TL Myers and Mary E. Shannon, by A. J. Wright.
Samuel K. Leacox and Flora Kirkpatri(;k, by J. R. Harris.
Alfred Christie and Margaret Grife, by G. W. Gue, M. G.
Charles E. Shinn and Rebecca J. Pollok, l)y E. Ransom., Jr.
D. J. Stimmell and Adeleide Triplett, by S. A. Estel, M. G.
Ezekul Ayres and Nette Bell, by Wm. Leber, M. G.
26. Lyman B. Smith and Clara Rhynhart, l)y R. C. Dunn. M.(L
30. C. Svvackhammer and Eliza Warden, by C. W^ Young, J. P.
10 J: HISTORY OF STAKK COUNTY.
June G. Eoderick Matlieson and Mary A. McLennan, by N. C. Weede.
'• 9. James Smith and Ann Rees. by C. M. S. Lyon. J. P.
•' 0. Clayton A. Gibbs and Julia Bevier. by E. Ransom, M. G.
" 10. Elezer Lafl'ertv and Margaret A. Harkness. bv C. M. S. Lvon.
. •' 12. Mark M. Lucy and Mary Berfield. by R. 0. Dunn. M. G.'
" 26. Edffar W. Curtiss and Kate McKibbon. by Father Kilkenny.
19. AVni. J. Galbertson and x\una Bevier, byR. G. Dunn, M.J.
20. Abel Armstrong and Annie Reed, by X. C. Weede, M. G.
Juh^ 3. Andrew J. Rushing and Emma Dugan, byD. M. Hill.
" 3. Luman P. Himes and Lucinda BufEum. by L. D. Gowen.
'' 3. Alex. Murchison, Jr., and Maggie Wede, by John H. Montgomery.
4. Joseph M. Cree and Phebe Christopher, by "William Leber.
'' 4. Isaac E. Ensley and Eliza J. Barnell, by'C. M. S. Lyon.
" 4. William D. Freeman and Xancy .Stacy, by C. M. S. Lyon.
" 4. Peter M. Harkness and Marcella Reed, h\ Hugh Rhodes, J. P.
13. Jiniathan Thompson and Melenda Parsons, by C. ^I. S. Lyons.
24. Hugh Stoekner and Anna Beers, by A. J. Wright, M. G.
'• 22. Henry W. Moore and Hester Spelman, by James B. Russell.
29. Samuel G. Butler and Susan Hotchkiss, by Philander Chase.
Aug. 9. Solomon Leighton and Sarah Snell, by James Snare. J. P.
•' . 15. Henry C. Griffin and Ellen Green, by A. H. Hepperly, M. G.
'' 30. Henry Seelev and Alma South. 1)V J. W. Aaard, M. G.
•• 29. Charles Shaner and Bell Warner." by W. J. "Smith, M. G.
29. James Burris and Susan A. Eastes. by James Snare. J. P.
Sep. 3. SaxtonT. Kellogg and Honer Piester, by G. AV. Shaffer.
'• 2. Oscar G. Hixson and Sarah A. Cox, bv A. G. Hammoml.
0. Albert P. Finley and Rachel Hiner. by"D. M. Hill. M. G.
G. Geo. H. Simmermauand Eliza C. Richmond, by C. M. S. Lyon.
''' G. Asa Tavlor and Catherine Umbaugh. by C. M. S. Lvon.
"' 20. John M. Roach and Adeline Funk, by W. A. Clark, ^l. G.
'' 27. Thomas \\ . Ross and Happalonia Wiiber, by W. J. Beck. ■
"■ 30. Elijah Terwilliger and Mary F. Sturm, by Peter Sturm, M. G.
'• 30. John Whitcher and Alma Hall, by A. G. Hammond. J. P.
Oct. 3. Samuel S. Havden and Maria Wilson, bv William Leber. ^[. G.
4. Jacob Young and Mary J . Kirkbuff, by Allen C. Miller, M. G.
8. Chas. A. Ketchen and Abbey E. Gardiner, by L. D. Gowan.
■■ 14. XewillH. IManchard and Ellen F. Stone, by S"am. G. AVright.
15. Freeman R. Davison and Susan A. Jewell, by James Buswell.
•' IG. Hurmon H. Hochstrasser and Cristina Drinnin, by A. J. A\'right.
18. Wm. McKinstrv and Esther Bovd, bv B. C. Dennis, M. G.
" 21. Amas P. Gill and Anne V. Stoddard' by A. J. Wright. M. G.
''' 25. (ieorge ^Lu■ray and Lucetta Woodward, by J. H. Montgomery.
19. Arch. D. Thorp and Araand Perry, by E. Ransom, Jr., M. G.
24. James C. Powell and Rose Holmes, by J. H. ^Montgomery, M. G.
" 30. Wm. H. nines and Rachel Lemoine. by J. W. Errett, M. G.
30. Samuel M. Lemoine and Alma Hines. bv J. W. Errett. iL G.
'' 30. Alfred Foil and Mary C. Lemoine, by J. W. Errett, M. (L
30. Ebenezer M. Armstrong and ^[artha Walliker. by Baxter C.
Dennis. M. (i.
Nov. 1. Daniel M. Beers and Eliza Bowers, by A. S. Estee. M. G.
'• T. Albert Shoemaker and Maggie J. Snare, bv W. E. Martin, ^f. G.
'-' 11. (ieo. W. Pate and Martha Gintry, by H. R. Halsey, J. P.
11. Wm. W. Morse and Mary J. More, by B. L.Lombard. M. G,
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 105
Nov. 8. Shelden P. Mayhew and Rosa Dickenson, by E. Eansom, Jr.
7. John L. Addis and Margaret E. Coleman, by II. Tiffany. M. G.
" 10. Royal Lafferty and Sarah Jane Atherton, by E. Ransom, M. G.
" 15. Henry B. Perry and Rebecca 0. Dewey, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
" 29. Daniel J. Walker and Stella D. Rhodes, by L. Dow Gowan, M. G.
Dec. 5. Patrick O'Donnell and lionora Shea, by Father Kilkenny, C. P.
'' 3. Jasper N. Kitterman and Philinda Mix, by I. W. Searle, J. P.
" 16. John L. Kennedy and Amanda Shaw, by J. Cavitt, M. G.
" 12. Rowland T. Lake and Jennie E. Hurd, by Horace Tiffany, M. G.
" 18. Lewis E. Morton and Charlotte J. Christopher, by II. Tiffany.
" 24. Simeon C. Chamberlain and Sarah Jane Cress, H. R. Halsey.
" 27. Thomas A. Foster and Nancy Bangs, by Alyin Abbott. M. G.
" 29. Wm. Nicholas and Mary M. Colwell, by R. C. Dunn, M. G.
What a fund of history tliere is in this plain record of the begin-
nings of many families wliose lives are linked with the progress of
this county. Fortunately for the comity, the lessons inculcated of
temperance and virtue bore fruit, and in almost every instance carried
^yith them happiness and prosperity.
CHAPTER V.
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES.
T seems as if there were something in partial isolation of
mankind that develops the kindlier feelings of the human
, soul, enlarges its better impulses, and recreates mankind
into more nearly the image of the true man. And this is
^"/^true even of these men, some of whom led wild lives, and
this was but the excrescent growth of the circumstances in
which they were placed, and in no way affected the manli-
ness of character wdiich developed itself. It seems, indeed,
as if it were a wise provision of nature that the opening of
new countries should l)e attended with a renewal of the sim-
pler life of man, and thus introduce new blood into the
Avorld of civilization. Few today can understand the feelings which
animated the pioneer men and sustained them under every difficulty.
Fewer still are they who comprehend the feelings of the pioneer women
as they contemplated their surroundings and looked into the future,
the horizon of which was darkened by discouragement and gloom.
And vet thev faltered not, but sustained their husbands bv a trust in
the outlook that was constant, and bore an abundant harvest. As
wives, they Avere the most agreeable of companions ; as friends, the
most faithful and affectionate ; as mothers, gentle as children ever had
the misfortune to lose, who corrected the most pernicious of evils by
the most tender management. Prudent from affection, though most
106 HISTOKT OF STARK COUNTY.
liberal of nature, they practiced econoni}' from the love they Ijore
their husbands, and at critical periods, preserved order in affairs from
the care of which those husbands were relieved ; she reclaimed her
choice from despair, urged his indolence to exertion, and constantly
admonished him to industry, integrity and manhood. The early set-
tlers of Stark were naturally temperate and religious, and to them is
due in greater measure, the enviable place which tlie county holds
today in moral and physical, as well as financial strength.
The Stark Count v Mutual Protection Society, organized August 12,
ISlrS, to oppose the operations of horse-thieves and gamblers, may be
credited as being the initial association of pioneers, which led to the
formation of many, if not all, of the secret and l^enevolent. agricult-
ural and religious associations of the county in after years. The first
meetins" was held in the court house at Toulon. Mvrtle G. Brace was
temporary President ; Hugh Rhodes, Secretary, and Wheeler B. Sweet,
Organizing Secretary. Pi-ecinct committees were a))pointed as fol-
lows: Toulon — AVilliam Ogle, O. Whitaker and George Buchanan.
Mamlllon — Edward Trickle, Thomas S. Clark and Allen Greenlee.
La Fayette — Jacob Emery, AVilliam Pratt and M. Atherton. Tr^c-
iidng — Capt. Butler, James Holgate and Joseph Xewton. Osceola —
William Dodd. John Lyle and Walter Fuller. Constitution and by-
laws were reported. At this juncture Dr. Chamberlain moved the
adoption of a resolution favoring an anti-gamWing society in conjunc-
tion with the anti-horse-thief organization. The report was amended
so as to cover this resolution, and the constitution adopted and signed.
The original members were : Conrad Emery, George A. Worley,
Henrv Butler. Thomas Hall, Minott Sillijnan, Joseph Emerv. Lewis
Perry, Elijah McClenahan, E. Trickle, M. Chamberlain. T. S. Clark,
William Bowin. David Emery. Henderson Truman, J. Emery, Jesse
Emery. John Dodd, I. Acklev, J. Kichty. John Pollok. Peter E Pratt,
]\[. Atherton, William M. Pratt, Jose})h Atherton, Hiram S. AUn-ight,
Joseph Cox, Henry Price, O. Whitaker, Joseph Xewton, Lemuel Dor-
rance. W. H. Butler, John Prvor. Thomas Lyle, A. R. Butler. William
Ogle, AV. T. FuUer. Andrew Ilroy. W. ]\L Pose, Jacol) Sumner. George
Sumner, George Sheets, Hugh lihodes, W. B. Sweet, J. AV. Hender-
son, J. H. Barnett, H. White, Henry T. Ives, Nathan Snare, W. E.
Elston, Joseph P. Xewton, Philip Munson, Tliomas J. Henderson,
William O. Sment. John Turnbull, Brady Fowler. AValter Fullei". .la-
cob Holgate. M. G. Brace. Isaac Thomas. S. G. AVright. William Hall,
Samuel G. Butler, Samuel Thomas. Ira Ward.AVilliam Moore. William
Lyle, A. W. Harod, Matthias Sturm, Henry Sturm. Joseph Blanchard,
Christian Gingrich and Thomas Dugan.
The revival of the anti-horse-thief organization was attejnpted
August 10, ISGO, and on the 21th, resolutions were adopte<l, asking
the supervisors to consider the sul)ject General Henderson delivered
an historical address before a meeting of old settlers in 1805, ])ut there
is no account whatever of the meetiii"; beino' dulv organized. A meet-
ing of old settlers was held at Toulon. January 2. 18»;«;. for the
pui'pose of organizing a society. Dr. Tliomas Hall presided, with
Oliver White as Secretary. A committee was ajjpointed to take a
i
PIONEEK ASSOCIATIONS AND KEMINISCENCES. 107
census of all the persons then in the county who were here April 4,
1839. The members were: W. W. AVinslow, Osceola; M. G. Brace,
Elmira; Lewis Perr}". Goshen ; C. L. Eastman, Toulon; James Hol-
gate, Penn; W. Trickle, W. Jersey ; Hariy Hull, Valley; and W. H.
Butler, Essex. At this meeting, also, T. J. Henderson, C. L. Eastman
and C. M. S. Lyon were a])p(nnted to arrange for a meeting on April
4, 1866. The census referred to was taken in a few townships, as
noted in township history, and there the subject dropped not to be
revived for twelve years.
The following letter addressed to Oliver Whi taker l)y W. H. Butler,
dated, Brayton, Audubon C^o., la., June 21, 1880, accompanied a history
of the Ijcginnings of tlie Old Settlers' Association : " For several months
I have been so unsettled that I have not felt inclined to attend to any
business, though I have ke})t constantly in view my responsibilities as
secretary of the Stark C-ounty Old Settlers' Society, and my duty to
you as its president. At last, from copious notes, I have niatle out my
report and send it herewith. "^ * * * * * There is an omission
of Mr. Phelps' name as to the executive committee, who you know was
appointed the year previous. * * * * Please fill as you would
have it done. 1 would ask it as a personal favor that you would allow
my friend, E. H. Phelps, to read these minutes at the next meeting.
* * * -X- J send also proceedings of the initial meeting of the
society. ''" * * * They are to he signed by the temporary pres-
ident and secretary. With my best regards to Mr. Whitaker, etc., etc."
From the original document referred to in this letter, we learn that
long prior to the fall of 1878, a number of old settlers meditated a per-
manent organization, and with that ol)ject before them held one or two
meetings of a festive business character. The War of the Union was
the principal obstacle to organization. A decade and a half had passed
away before the subject of permanent organization was again seriously
considei'ed. On December 13, 1878, a day when *' the sev^erest snow-
storm that had been experienced for years was raging," about 150 old
settlers and their friends assembled at the Toulon House, and there
shared with one anotlier the pleasures which old acquaintance under
olden circumstances coukl alone summon up. A feast was held, and
then the asseml^letl men and women moved to the town hall to con-
sider the question of organization. There the meeting Was called to
order by Benjamin Turner. Oliver Whitaker was chosen temporary
chairman, and E. H. Phelps, secretary. Minott Silliman, Benjamin
Turner and James Holgate were a]>pointed a committee on resolutions
expressive of the sense of the meeting in re organization. This com-
mittee reported in favor of organizing ''The Stark County Old Settlers'
Society" and of making a quarter century's residence a test of mem-
bershij). This resolution was adopted and the election of officers ju'O-
ceeded with. Oliver Whitaker was chosen president; W. H. Butler,
secretary ; Benjamin Turner, treasurer ; Edwin Butler, E. H. Phelps
and Dr. W. T. Hall, executive committee. It was then agreed that the
first annual meeting of the society should l)e held September 1, 1879,
at the County Court House.
After business, Charles Myers, the toast-master, presented the follow-
108 HISTOKT OF STABK COL■^TY.
ing special subjects to bespoken to: (1) "The Pioneer Ministry,"
responded to by Elder Keane ; (2) '' Our Earliest Settlers,'' by Deacon
Korman Butler ; (3) '• The Stark County Bar,"' by Hon. ]\L Shallen-
berger ; (4) '• The Press."' by E. H. Phelps; (5) "Education." by B. F.
Thompson ; (6) " The Physician."' by Dr. AV. T. Hall. Benjamin
Tm^ner moved a vote of thanks to the several committees and
especially to the ladies. Mr. Shallenberger moved a vote of thanks
to Mr. Stockner for his kindness in opening his house to the old
settlers so o-enerouslv and freelv. The motions were carried and the
first meetino: of the old settlers of Stark county was somethino- of the
past.
The first annual meeting of the society was held in the court house
square, Septemljer 3, 1879. The ofhcers present were Oliver AVhitaker,
Toulon, president : vice-presidents : Levi Eckley. "West Jersey : D. J.
Hurd, Goshen; Jefferson Trickle, Essex; Brady Fowler. Toulon : M.
B. Parks. Elniira ; E. Colgan, Valley ; James Holgate. Penn ; W.
"NV. AVinslow, Osceola: treasurer. Benjamin Turner: secretary,
AV. H. Butler. The executive committee were Dr. T. AV. Hall. Edwin
Butler and E. H. Phelps. The officers having taken their places with
the invited guests upon the platform, and the audience comfortaUy
seated, a thousand strong, the Toulon cornet band, Eugene Shallen-
beroer, leader, delio-hted tlie assemblao-e with some verv excellent
music. The secretary then read the report of the initial meeting of
the society, held the year previous, E. H. Phelps acting as secretary,
after which the president read the programme of exercises for the day.
By request, the venerable Elder Stickney offered prayer, which was
followed by the Toulon Glee Club singing •• "We Come Home Again."
This club comprised Mrs. A. T. Higgins. organist ; Mrs. Lawrence, Miss
Pauline Shallenberger. Miss Ada JPhelps. Miss Ida Mosher. ]\liss Ida
Smith, Mr. X. J. Smith, Mr. D. J. Walker and Mr. Clyde Lyon. The
election of officers for the ensuing year resulted as follows : President,
Oliver Whitaker of Toulon : vice ])residents : John Finley of Toulon.
Levi Eckley of West Jersey. Jefferson Trickle of Essex, J. D. Phodes
of Goshen. Andrew Oliver of Elmira. E. Colgan of Valley. James Hol-
gate of Penn, W. Winslow of Osceola ; treasurer. Benjamin Turner of
Toulon ; secretary, W. H. Butler of Wyoming.
Hon. Martin Shallenberger delivei'ed the address of welcome. The
executive committee elected were Orlando Brace. Levi Silliman and
Henry Perry. At this meeting Captain Thompson brought up the
resolution to erect a monument to Dr. Hall. This was carried and a
committee on subscriptions appointed. (General Henderson delivered
an address.
The second annual and third general reunion of pioneers was held at
Toulon, September 9, 1880. Oliver Whitaker presided, Avith Captain
Thompson acting secretary. Judge Wright delivered the address of
welcome, and Miles A. Fuller, the annual or historical address. The
election of officers resulted as follows : Oliver Whitaker, president ;
. B. F. Tliompson, secretary; Benjamin Tui-ner. treasurer. D. J. Ilui'd
of (ioshen, I. W. Shaw of Osceola. B. P. Brown of West Jei'sey. Itobei-t
Hall of Elmira, Henry Colwell of Essex. Wui. Eagelston of Toulon. AV.
PIONKER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 109
H. Whitten of Penn. Win. Dawson of Valley, were all elected vice-
])residents. The president appointed Thomas IT. Maxfield, J. F.
Rhodes and F. W. Fuller, executive committee. Elder Stickney was
chaplain, while the Toulon Choral Union, with Miss Lottie Brace at the
organ, discoursed the music.
Captain Thompson read the list of deaths during the year 1879-80,
giving ages, as follows : Mrs. Elmira Allen, 47 ; Dennis 'Maw bey, 63 ;
Miss Louisa M. Culbertson, 25 ; Mrs. Sibella E. Armstrong, 76 ; Mrs.
Sarah Deifenderfer, 58 ; Otis T. Gardner, 71 ; Ansel M. Gardner, 78 ;
Joseph D. Ehodes, 60 ; John Schenck, 57 ; Mrs. S. Callisson, 26 ; Mrs.
John 11. Ogle, 40; Thomas Winn, 79; Peter Sheets, 91; Lewis Perry, 73.
Thomas Winn, at tlie time of his death, had been a resident of this
state 48 years, and of this county 45 years. He had six sons, Madison,
Jefferson, Perry, William, Warren and Marsh, all of whom are now
living except Jefferson. The oldest, Madison, attended the first regu-
larly organized school in this county, and is the oldest person now
living who attended school as a pupil in this county. He resides near
West Jersey, has been 49 years a resident of this state, and 30 years a
school director. The oldest pioneer of Stark county now living is]\Irs.
Susannah Miner, the widow of Harris W. Miner. Mrs. Miner's maiden
name was Smith. She was born in Lincoln count}^ Massachusetts,
March, 11,1 798, and is therefore over 82 years old. From Massachusetts
she moved to AVheeling county, A^irginia, April, 1814 ; from tliere to
Licking county, Ohio, April, 1816 ; and thence to Essex in this county,
Se})tember, 1829, since which time, for 51 years, she has been a resident
of this count}^ She was married to Harris W. Miner, October 29, 1832.
She still enjoys good health. Mr. Perry H. Smith is the oldest living-
native of Stark county, he being the first child Iiorn in the territory
now composing this county, who is now living.
The third annual or fourth reunion of the association was held Sep-
tember 1, 1881. The officers elected were: president, Oliver Whitaker ;
vice-presidents: West Jersey, Jonathan Pratz ; Goshen, E. S. Buffom ;
Essex, Henry Colwell ; Toulon, Major M. Silliman ; Elmira, Andrew
Oliver; Valley, Wm. Dawson; Penn, James Snare; Osceola, Edward
P. Wright; treasurer, Benjamin Turner; secretary, B. F. Thompson;
executive committee, J. M. Brown, W. W. Wright and Samuel Burge.
Miles A. Fullei' delivered the address of welcome. General Thomas J.
Henderson, the annual address, Rev. D. G. Stouffer, the prayer, and
the Toulon Glee Club, consisting of Messrs. Samuel Burge and Adna
Smith, Mrs. LaAvrence and Miss Phelps, Mrs. Burge, organist, then sang,
" We Come with Song to Greet ,you.'' The secretary read the list of
deaths, giving name, residence and date of death as follows : Wyoming.
— John B. Brown, May 18, 1881; Mrs. J. B. Brown, June 30, 1881 ;
Miss Kellie Johnson, Feliruarv 11, 1881 ; Mrs. B. Crone, August 28,
1880; Mrs. Anna Curfman, March 22, 1881. Elmira.— John Grife,
April 18,1881; Wm. D. Blanchard, May 11,1881. Osceola.— Mary
T. Gardner, March 27, 1881; Mrs. Phoebe Smith, June 29, 1881.
Goshen. — Michael Nowlan, March 5, 1881; Mrs. Ann Bradley, July 9,
1881 ; Mrs. Susannali Miner, July 16, 1881 ; Mrs. Thomas Dugan, May
10, 1881 ; Luther Geer, June 27, 1881 ; Robert Moore, August 26, 1881.
110 HISTORY OF STARK OOI'XTY.
West Jersey. — Jose])li DeWolf, 1881. Toulon. — A. R. Remington,
May 6, 1881 ; Mrs. Elizabeth Fast, July 28, 1881. Essex.— Mrs. Jeff-
erson Trickle. Auo-ust 28, 1881. Kansas. — Mrs. Samuel G. AVright.
1880. Toulon. — Benjamin Packer, Sr.. August 31. 1881. Penn.—
Mrs. Jane Xewton, ]\larcli 11, 1881 ; Alex. Kissenger, October 18. 1880.
Modena. — Mrs. J. H. Yernon, 1881. Toulon. — Mrs. Joseph Perry,
March 30, 1881 ; Elisha Mosher, March 0, 1881 ; Jacob Wagner, Mav
12, 18>!1: Mrs. S. Cowperthwaite, May 20, 1881: Oliyer Mahany,
April 19, 1881. Osceola. — Alex. H. Brock. January 11.1881. Goshen.
— Jonas Butler, July 20, 1881. Essex. — Wm. R. Shinn, December 12,
1880. Lamar, Mo. — Xancy Perr}^ Xoy. 5, 1880. Grinnell, Iowa. —
Elizabeth Maryin. April IT. 1881. Red Oak, Io^ya. — James W. Hewitt,
Xoyember 9. 1880. Victoria, 111. — Le\yis Finch, July 30, 1881.
Southern 111. — Isaac B. Essex, 1878. Peoria. — Archibald Ayers,
December 21, 1880. Essex.— Mrs. Clarinda Colwell, January 22, 1880.
Goshen. — Mrs. B. M. Jackson, December 24. 1880 ; Simeon L. Williams.
August l«i, 1881. Shelby Co., 111.— John C. Jones. February, 1881.
At this meeting Dr. Chamberlain announced that sill were collected
toward the Dr. Hall monument. Tlie four county clerks, O. Whitaker,
T. J. Henderson, Miles A. Fuller and D. J. Walker were present, while
Messrs. Henderson. Shallenberger and Andrew Baldwin sang " Auld
Lang Syne."
The meeting of September 7, 1882, was one marked by social and
intellectual success. A large contingent from Kewanee and neighbor-
ing towns helped to swell the ranks of the old settlers of Stark, so that
when President Whitaker called the meeting to order, a number of
these, to him familiar faces of olden times, turned toward the chair.
Addressing them he explained the wide difference between the chair-
man's gayel — nothing less than one of Judge Finley's croquet mallets
— and the mallet of olden days, and made sundry quaint comparisons
between the past and present. The Toulon band discoursed sweet
music, Rey. E. C. Cady offered prayer, and the Glee Club, represented
by Samuel Burge, Carrie Burge, John Walker. Mrs. G. S. Lawrence.
Lucretia Flint and Newton Smith, rendered one of their fayorite songs
Letters were then read from S. A. Dunn and J. M. Dunn, Grinnell, la.,
one fi'om Amelia M. Perry, announcing the death of James L. Perry on
August 1, 1882; one from "Long John'' WentAyorth to Samuel Burge:
one from Branson Lowman, dated Hastings. Xeb.: one from S. S.
Ka3'sbier, Seneca, Ivan.: one from S. G. Butler, Farragut, la.; one from
W. H. Butler. Cheney, Xeb.: one signed "Joseph Blanchard and
family," Island Lake. Burton, P. O. Ivan.; one from (\ H. Brace, Pekin.
m.; and one from S. G. Wright. Brookyille, Ivan. A list of deaths
in the old settler's circle \yas also read, coyering the ])eriod from Sep-
tember, 1881, to date of meeting. The list of deaths comprises the
names of Rey. J. G. Agard, who came in 1836 and died at Chicago,
October 11, 1881; Ruloff Parrish, of Goshen, died March 12, 1882,
settled here in 1837; Mrs. Tlieodosia Moon, settled in 1833, died Octo-
ber 1. 1881, at Elmira ; Robert Mitchell settled in 1838, died at Toulon
in July, 1881. Mi*s. Lydia MagbA^'s death osyas reported with dates;
Ellis Deyine died at Galya in August, 1882, settled here in 1841 ; John
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND EEMINTSCENCES. Ill
Drinnin died at Toulon in 18S1, settled here in lS4tt; JIug-h Rhodes,
who came at this time, died in Goshen Julv 14, 18S2; AVilliam Turn-
bull died at Elmira July 12, 1882, settled there in 1819; Mrs. Judith
Tap]), of Toulon, died in 1882, settled here in 1851; Elder John Sar-
geant came in 1853, died in Peoria in July, 1882; Mrs. Isabella
8hrivers, of Essex, settled here in 1853, died in 1882; John Mcintosh
died in West Jersey in 1882, settled here in 1853; Mrs. Deborah Rat-
cliff died at Wyoming in 1882, settled here in 1852 ; Stephen D. Easton,
a settler of 1853, died in Goshen in 1882; J. S. Ilaxton came in 1858,
died in Goshen in September, 1881; James L. Perry came in 1857,
died in Iowa in 1882 ; Joel S. Wilson came in 1858, died in Penn town-
ship in 1882 ; James G. Armstrong- died in Iowa in 1881 ; Mrs. Frail
died in Goshen in 1882 ; Havilah B. Johnson at Peoria in October,
1881 ; Mrs. Julia Xewton at Elmira, August 24, 1882; Squire Parrish,
without dates ; David L. Sterling died at Bradford, June 23, 1882, and
Mrs. Vernon at Modena, July 3, 1882.
The election of officers resulted as follows : O. Whitaker, presi-
dent ; Benjamin Turner, treasurer; John M. Brown, secretar}- ; Wells
White, II. M. Ilall and Dexter Maxfield, executive committee. The
vice-presidents were John Lackie, Osceola ; Theo. Whitten, Penn ;
Henr}^ I'lood, Valley; Andrew Oliver, Elmii'a; Geo. W. Dewey,
Toulon ; Edward Tricle, Essex ; Minot Silliman, Goshen ; Levi Eckley,
West Jersev. Addresses were delivered bv James A. and D. W. Hen-
derson, Norman Butler and others.
In the letter of S. G. Wright the following historical facts are given :
" I I'emember spending my first niglit in Stark county, July 2, 1840.
On the morning of the 3d, in passing through Osceola Grove, I saw a
pleasant-looking old lady walking amid the tall shady oaks, knitting
as she walked and ready to give the information which we needed, viz.:
' the dii-ect road to Providence.' It was good Mother Parks. I learned
from her of several settlers there from Vermont, remembering espe-
cially James Bus well, Isaac Spencer, Riley Chamberlain and diurch
Sturtevant. I did not move my family into the county until the fall
of 1841, nor l)ecome much acquainted Avith any of these families until
the fall of 1842." Speaking of the soldiers of Stark, he writes : " May
we profit by the inheritance their toil and blood liave secured us."
Speaking of temperance, he writes : " In Kansas we secured a consti-
tutional amendment to prohibit the manufacture and sale of intoxicat-
ino- drinks. God hasten the dav when vou shall achieve the same for
Illinois. May Stark county be foremost for it."
In S. S. Kaysbier's letter, he says: "As the first druggist in Stark
county, and one among the first in journalism, I may rank as a pioneer.
Thirty-one years ago (now 36) I rented of John Culbertson the old
' Red End,' on north side of public square, at $5 per month. It Avas
in that building that Mr. Culbertson made most of his fortune, but a
second fortune was too much to ask of that rickety wooden house.
* "" * " I sat on the porch of Cooley's hotel the night of my
arrival, and there I heard Prof. Donaldson's singing school pupils'
voices distinctly, as they were wafted from the old court house."
The meeting of September 6, 1883, was held in the public square
112 HISTORY OF STA.EK COUNTY.
at Toulon. The following named officers were elected : O. Whitaker,
president; Dr. H. M. Hall, secretary; Benjamin Turner, treasurer.
The vice-presidents are : A. J. Finlev. West Jersey ; Minott Silliman,
Goshen ; Henry Colwell, Essex ; Isaac Thomas, Toulon ; Col. AVilliam
Jackson, Elmira ; George Marlatt, Yalley ; Daniel Phenix, Penn, and
E. P. Wright, Osceola. Executive committee : Perry Winn, Chauncey
Miner and William H. Xewland.
Elder Stickney offered prayer, the Glee Club rendered the music,
giving Todhunter's pioneer song among others. James A. Henderson
delivered the address of welcome, and Captain Brown read the death
roll as follows : Xames of old settlers who died during the year ending-
September (\ 1883, and reported at the annual reunion, 1883 : John C.
O wings, died in Cherokee county, la., Septemher 16, 1882, aged 83
years; originally settled in Fulton county in 1825, resided in Stark
county a snort time, removed to Carroll county, where he resided 40
years,*^ removed to Iowa; voted at the first election in this county.
Sarah Thomas, wife of Owen Thomas, died at Toulon township, Sep-
tember 20, 1882, aged 62 ; a resident of this county 29 years. Polly
Crandall died at Caput, Mo., October 1, 1882, aged 85 ; became a resi-
dent of this county in 18-10, removed to Missouri in 1880; a resident
of this county 40 years. Isaac W. Searl died at Bradford, October 2,
1882, aged 69 ; a resident of this county 44 years. Kebecca Fowler,
wife of Brady Fowler, died in Toulon township, October 14, 1882,
aged 76 years'; a resident of this county 46 years. Jane Johnson, wife
of Aaron Johnson, died at West Jersey, Xovember 3, 1882, aged 72; a
resident of this county since 1849. AVilliam Chamberlain died at Tou-
lon, November 2, 1882, aged 65 ; resident of this state 41 yeare and of
Toulon 36 years. Finley Matheson died in Elmira, December 26, 1882,
aged 63 ; came to this county 30 years ago. Mrs. Jehile Kissell,
daughter of John Mcintosh, died at West Jersey, December 12. 1882,
born in Stark county, aged 29. Royal L. Pratz died in West Jersey
township. January 16, 1883. born m Stark county, aged 26 years.
James S. Jackson,' son of H. II. Jackson, died in Taylor county, Iowa,
January 7, 1883; removed to Iowa in 1882. Mrs. Clinton Fuller died
at Elmira. January 25, 1883, aged 63 years; resided in county about 30
years. James In gels, of La Fayette, died in Florida. January 27. 1883,
aged 63: resident of this county 29 years; his death was caused Ijy the
accidental discharge of his gun while hunting. Daniel D. Stone died
in Toulon townshi}), February 7, 1883, aged 70 ; resident of county 27
years. Sylvester Sweet died at Toulon. February 8, 1883, aged 88 ; a
resident of the county 42 years: a soldier in the war of 1812. James
Darby died in Henry county. 111.. Februery 12. 1883, aged 78; came to
this county in 1848.' JohnFinle}^ died at Toulon, Feljruary 28, 1883,
aged 81 ; a resident of the state 49 years and of this county 45 years ;
he was clerk at the first election held in the county ; was the second
sheriff of the county, served three terms; was county judge one term,
and justice of the peace for many years. Susanna McCoy died in
West Jersey township. May 6, 1883,' aged 57; resident of county 30
years. Edward Nixon died' at Toulon, May 8, 1883, aged 59 ; resided
in this state 53 vears and in this county 27 years. Belle Grieve,
^AnN-"
r^^
THE PIONEER S FIRST HOME.
LIBRARY
UNIYERSITV OF ILLINOIS
i
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 115
daughter of Rol>ert Grieve, died in Toulon township, April 23, 1883,
aged 20; born in Stark county, Owen Thomas, Jr., died at Oska-
loosa, la., March 30, 1S83, aged 32; came to this county in 1854, re-
moved to Iowa in 1879. William R. Legg died at Clark, ISTeb., May 11,
1883; a former resident of Toulon. Tihoda E. George died in Eimira
township, March 24, 1883, aged 51 ; resided in county 48 years.
Charles II. Maxfield died in Jefferson county, Neb., M;'iy 23. 1883,
aged 40 ; born in the county. Catherine Porter died in West Jersey
township, May 26, 1883, aged 96; resident of state and county 49
years. Mahala Young, wife of C. W. Young, died at West Jersey,
June 1, 1883, aged 54; came to Illinois in 1844 and to this county in
1854. Robert McClenahan died at Sigourney, la., June 11, 1883, aged
45; born in the county and removed to Iowa about 1856. Presley
Col well died in Nodaway county, Mo., June, 1S83, aged 72; came to
this county in 1837, removed to Missouri in 1879. Charles M. Teeter
died at Wyoming, June 13, 1883, agetl 66 ; came to IVfarshall county in
1855 and to Stark in 1858. Orson Grant died at La Fayette, June 14,
1883, aged 39; born in the county. Charles Jordan, father of Robert
and John Jordan, died at Wyoming, June, 1883, aged 83; settled in
Ohio in 1812, afterward went to Iowa, where he remained until a few
years ago, when he came to Wyoming, and resided witli his sons.
Mrs. Mary C. Riggen died in Iowa, June 23, 1883, aged (')o; came to
this county about 1844. Eliza A. Henry, wife of James R. Henrv,
died at West Jersey, July 1, 1883, aged 62; resided in county 32 years.
Eleanor Trickle, wife of Washington Trickle, died at Elmwood, Peo-
ria county, July 15, 1883, aged 76; came to this county in 183(), re-
moved to Peoria county in 1866. Thomas Nichols died at Eimira,
July 22, 1883; resident of state and county about 49 years. Mrs. Al-
len Atherton, daughter of Lewis Williams, died in Goshen township,
July 31, 1883, aged 22; born in this county. Jonas I>. Pallentine, of
Toulon, died at Monica, Peoria county, August 3, 1883, aged 6S ; resi-
dent of county 40 years. ]\[arian Grieve, daughter of Robert Grieve,
died in Toulon township, August 17, 1883, aged 22; born in the county.
Ora E. Pratz, son of Jonathan Pratz, died at West Jersey, August 23,
1883, aged 21 ; born in the county. J. M. Ilurd died at'West Jersey,
August 25, 1883, aged 65; resident of county 27 years. John Pilgrim
died at Galva, September 1, 1883, aged 77; came to county in 1852.
A number of valuable historical letters were read before this meet-
ing, references to which are made in other pages.
The old mill brought here in 1836, and owned by S. G. Breese, was
placed on the grounds during the old settlers reunion of 1883.
The seventh annual reunion of the old settlers was held at Toulon,
August 26, 1884. A. P. Miller delivered the address of welcome. Dr.
Co])estake described Stark county as he found it on his arrival here.
A, G. Hammond, who settled at Wyoming thirty -four years before this
meeting when a boy of sixteen years, delivered an historical address.
Henry G. Little was here at the organization of the county, and
related some pleasing facts of that time. C. C. Wilson, the iirst super-
visor from Valley township, delivered an interesting speech; and the
president, Oliver Whitaker, explained all about the exhumed log, which
11 (i HISTOKY OF STAKK COUNTY.
lay on the platform ; the time it grew where the conrt-house noAV
stands, wlien it was used in bridging the slough on Main street, and
its discovery while repairing a bridge at this place in 1S84. George
X. Brown, then of the Wyoming Jferahh now of the Peoria Transcript^
said some ])retty things of the pioneers. A list of men and women
who died since the last reunion was read, and next a large number of
interesting letters from old settlers, who could not respond to invita-
tions to be ])resent, were read. The Glee Club, represented by R. J.
Dickinson, i). J. Walker, F. W. Lyon, L. L. Long, Mrs. Ida Ml Swee-
deen, Mrs. M. S. Higgins, Misses Editli Dickinson, Bird Thornton, and
Mattie White. The officers elected were: Oliver Whitaker, president;
Dr. H. M. Hall, secretary; Benjamin Turner, treasurer; the vice-presi-
dents chosen were: Eccless West, W. Jersey; G. H. Retllield, Goshen;
P. P. Johnson, Toulon; Henry Colwell, Essex; Cyrus Bocock, Penn;
Samuel Wrigley, Valley; John Locker, Osceola, and Myrtle Brace,
Elmira.
The death-roll for the year ending August 1, 1884, is made up as
follows : Mrs. Mary Hoffman, of W. Jersey, died September 10, 1883,
aged 71 years. Mrs. Barbara E. Smith, daughter of John Emery and
a resident of the count}^ for forty-four years, died April 21, 1883, aged
52 years. Mrs. Frances Barnes, daughter of Sewell Smith, formerly of
Essex township, died at Lincoln, ]Keb., August 10, 1883. Mrs. Mary A.
Cruchfield, daughter of the late David Cooper and for tw^enty-seven
years a resident here, died in Essex township, January 1, 1881-, aged 7fi
years. Mrs. Elizabeth Chaffee, widow of Jarvil Chaffee, formerlv of
Essex township, died in Taylor county, la., March 3, 1884, aged 80
years. Allen Stimmell, died in A¥est Jersey township, January 4, 1884.
Mrs. Joseph De Wolf died in AV^est Jersey township, January 19, 1884,
aged 54 years. Mrs. Martha A. j\[yers, (bed in Toulon, January 23,
1884; she came here in 1855. Mrs. Kate llogle died near Toulon,
January 23, 1884, in her 33d year. David McCance died at Toulon,
Februarv 19, 1884, aged 69 vears; he resided here thirtv-six vears.
The death of Charles W. Wrfght, J. F. C^ha]n"n, Mrs. Philander Pome-
roy, Darius Panders, Miss Sarah Anderson, Mrs. Ruby Greenfield,
Mrs. Gertrude Wagner. C. S. Fulper, H. S. Johnson, James A. Hender-
son, Stacy Cowperthwaite, Mrs. Amelia Tkitler, Jefferson Trickle, S. P.
Fast, George Harvey. Andrew Swartz, Lucy P. Cooley, John Miller,
Mrs. Margaret P. Hawkes, I^atrick Cavanaugh, Cy renins Dewey antl
William Thomas — each one is noticed in the township histories. Let-
ters Avere read from N. P. Cross, of Pleasanton, Kan.; John M. Burns,
of Orion. 111.; Cyrus Shinn, of Eagle S])rings, Kan.; B. F. Fuller, Wash-
ington, D. C; J. E. Bush, Beatrice, Xeb.; David Fast, Irwin, Mo.;
Daniel W. Henderson, Jefferson, la.; A. J. Whitaker, AYashington,
D. C; Henry G. Little, Grinnell, la.; AV. E. Dunn, Galesburg, 111,;
AA^ AV. AA^inslow, Osceola, 111.; S. G. Butler, Farragut, la.
Henry G. Little, writing in 1884, sa3"s: " A"ou first tried for Coffee
county, taking one township from Henry and some from Knox. I
worked hard to help defeat it, and we did so." David Fast, writing
fi'om Irwin, Mo., says : " On September 28, 1850, I came to Stark and
lived there until September 28, 1881. In 1850 I started a harness
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 117
shoj) ill an old frame l)uil(ling south of uncle Norman liutler's house,
and at■tel■^^'al■d used by B. ( '. Follett as a staV)le."
The eighth annual reunion of old settlers was hekl August 25,
1885. Miles A. Fuller delivered the address of welcome; Martin
Shallenberger spoke on the subject of pioneer manners and customs;
(Captain Thomson read letters from al)sent friends; T. J. Henderson
also delivered an address, and the list of all settlers, who died since
the last meeting, was read. The officers elected were : Oliver Whit-
aker, president; Henry M. Hall, secretary; Benj. Turner, treasurer;
John F. Rhodes, Wm. F. Xiciiolson, and Harlan Pierce, members of
executive committee. The vice-presidents chosen were C. W. Young,
New Jersey ; Barney Frail, Goshen ; Henry Colwell, Essex ; Eugene
Lyon, Toulon; David Currier, Elmira; Edward Colgan, Valley; Wes-
leV Brown, Penn ; and John Lackie, Osceola. Among those present
were Perry Smith, of Wyoming, the first white child born in this
county, fifty -four years before this meeting; M B. Parks, who built
the first house in Elmira township ; Adam Perry, who taught the first
school in the county ; Samuel O. Brees, of Wyoming, whose parents,
on coming here, moved into a stable, where he was born on Chi-istmas
day; Dr. and ^Mrs. L. Hurd, who were the first cou})le married in
Henry county. Jerome B. Thomas, of Ohio, who settled here forty-
one years prior to this meeting, was here. O. P. Emery, of Galva,
and Little, of Kewanee, were also here. The pioneers of fifty years
ago or more, present at this meeting, were Perry Smith, came fifty-
four years ago; JSlrs. Jonathan Pratz, Perry Winn, N. W. Holmes,
Minot Silliman, each fifty -one years ago; NeJson Grant, Jacob Emery,
Barnabas Frail, Hiram 'All n-ight, G. H. Redfield and wife, R. H.
Moore, each came fifty years ago. The old settlers, who were here
forty vears ago or more at date of eighth reunion, are named as
follows: M. B. Parks, Wm. Sheets, John Fowler, Wm. Ogle, Levi
Eckley, Jonathan Pratz, ]\rrs. George M. Hazen, Miles A. Fuller,
Washington Trickle, each fortv-nine years.
Archiljald Vandyke, Uncle Johnnie Turnbull. Dr. H. M. Hall,
Perry Grant, Wallace Mason, Mrs. Josiah ]\[offit, JMrs. John Black,
Samuel Brees, AVm. Mason, Henry Colwell, each forty-eight years.
Calvin Eastman, Oliver Whit.iker and Mrs. Whitaker, Wm. Oliver,
Wells AVhite, Barney Jackson, Wm. Sturms, Andrew Oliver, W. T.
Leeson, Thomas Oliver, Orlando Brace, Benj. Brown, each forty-seven
years.
Amos Bennett, Mrs. Sarah Bennett, Mrs. Colburn Roblnns, Walter
M. Fuller, AY. P. Currier, each forty six years.
Mrs. D. R. Gelvin, J. P. Head'ley, Harrison Miner, Benj. Turner,
Orin Maxfield, Dr. Walter Hall, each forty-five years.
Mrs. A. M. Snyder, A. J. Finley, Edward Xowlan, Mrs. AY. M.
Fuller, each forty-four years.
Mrs. Charles "^E. Sh'inn. S. R. Hazen, John and G. M. Hazen. Eli
Emery, Charles Rhodes, Alichael Emery, each forty -three years. Wm.
White. R. C. Briggs and A. J. Maxfield. each forty-two years. Mason
Trickle. Isaac Thomas, Jerome B. Thomas, Charles Sturtevant, and
Jackson Lawrence, each forty-one years. John Ogle, AYm. Sweet,
118 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
Samuel Jones, L. P. Hiiiies, Joseph Atherton, ]Mrs. C. E. Harrington.
AVillard Palmer, Samuel Thomas, Sylvester H. Saunders, A. C. Himes.
AVm. Allen, David Oziah. Mrs. John R. Atherton, each forty years.
The above seventy-live named, with others mentioned hereafter,
constituted the pioneer circle in September, 1885.
The ]uoneer necrology for the year was reported as follows: — Jacob
Stimmel died in West Jersey township March 24, 1885 ; aged 66 years.
Ca])t. George W. Buchanan died September, 188-4 in the STth year of his
age; he came with his familv to this county in 1837 and remained
here until 1853, when he moved to Davis count v, Washington terri-
torry, where he resided up to the time of his death. Christopher
Tlin'er, of Clienoa. 111., died Xovember 8. 1884. in the 80th vear of his
age: he was a resident of West Jersey township from 1849 to 1866.
W. L. Shirts of Galva, died November 14, 1884, aged 62 years. He
was a citizen of Toulon from 1854 to 1867, since which time he has
resided in Galva. IMrs. Mary E. Austin died at her home in Elmira, Stark
county, November 18, 1884, aged 65 yeai's; she was the daughter of
John Leeson, Avas married to Lewis Austin in 1838, moved to Elmira
in 1840, where she resided to the time of her death. Mrs. Hannah
Guller died in Elmii-a, Stark county, December 30, 1884 ; she was
married to Ambrose Fuller in 1816, and they settled in Elmira in 1839 ;
her husband died in 1845, and his was the first grave in Elmira ceme-
tery. Mrs. Lydia Fuller Shivvers died in Toulon, December 20, 1884,
aged 60 years ; in 1844 she was married to Ansel Fuller in Osceola,
but thev moved to Wethersfield township, where they resided until his
death in I8r)3 ; Se])tember 5, 1882, she married Hopkins Shivvers and
resided in Toulon until her death, Mary Pierson AVhite, daughter of
J. D. Pierson, died September 8, 1884, in the 22d vear of her age. H
Blakely died in Toulon, December 26, 1884. Walter H. Blair died in
Toulon, December 26, 1884, in the 23d year of his age. Isaac P. Spen-
cer died in Osceola, December 27, 1884; he was one of the first comers
to the grove early in the thirties. William Williams died at the resi-
dence of David' Lowman. in Hastings, Xeb., January 6, 1885; Mr,
Williams was a native of England, was born in 1794; came to Amer-
ica 1839, to Stark county in 1855, where he resided until Davis Low-
man and family moved to Nebraska, he accompanying them. Capt.
John R. Atherton died at his residence in Toulon, January 31, 1885,
in the 83d year of his age ; He moved from Kentucky, his native state,
to Illinois, in 1831, and to Stark county in 1845. Daniel Woodward
died near Bradford, January 20, 1885 ; he was an old time settler of
Stark county. Mrs. Mary Shannon died near Des Moines, Iowa, Feb-
ruary 6, 1885 ; she had but recently moved to Iowa from West Jersey,
where the remainder of her life had been passed. Zara Newton died
in Elmira township, Feb. 6, 1885, aged 78 years ; he came to Stark
county many years ago. Charles Bolt died in Osceola township, Feb-
ruary 23, 188.5, aged 70 years ; he came to this county in 1845, settling
in the township in which he died. Thomas Faulconer died in Yalley
township, March 18, 1885. He was a long time resident of that town-
ship. P^lijah Bocock died at Castleton, March 18, 1885, in the 87th
year of his age; moved to Illinois in 1837, and to Stark county in
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND KEMINISUENCES. 119
1866. Solomon "Wilkinson died in Essex townshi}), April 2^ 1885, aged
88 years ; he came to this county in 18-19, and settled on the farm
where he died. Mrs. Peter Shaffer died near Starwano. March 16,
1885, an early settler in Stark county. Robert Patterson died near
Fairmount, ISTeb., April 15, 1885, ag'ed 71 years; he came to this
countv in 1855 and remained here until about two 3^ears ago, when he
moved to Nebraska. William Henry Butler ^vas born in New Haven,
Conn., October 5, 1811, emigrated to Putnam, now Stark count3% in
1835, and in September of that year married Mary Fuller, of Elmira;
in 1880 he moved on to a farm near Lincoln, Nelj., where he died, March
29, 1885; he was a printer by trade, learing to set type in the old
Franklin printing ottice in Richmond, Va., in 1823; worked seven
years with Harper Brothers and on dailies in Wall street ; after he
came west he was connected with the Peoria Iieyister, and afterward
with what is now the Stark County iV^<?ms. Josiah Mottitdied in Essex
township, April IT, 1885, in the 76th year of his age; he came to this
countv in 1837, settling on the farm where he died. Adam Oliver
died in Elmira townshi]). May 8, 1885, in the 70th year of his age ; he
settled in tliat townshi}) in LS38. Jacol:> Smith died in Oalva last fall,
in the 82d year of his age ; he settled in West Jersey townshi]) in 1835
and lived there until 1876, when he moved to Galva. Airs. Catherine
Buchanan, wife of Capt. Geo. W. Buchanan, died in Havis county,
W. T., July 23,1885, in the 84th year of her age. Nathan Bevier died
in Lafayette, July 23, 1885, in the 8Sth year of his age ; he moved to
Lafayette in 1856 and has since resided there. Daniel Gingrich died
in Essex townshi]), August 20, 1885, aged 76 years ; he came to this
county in 1837. Joel Goodale died in Toulon townslii]), August 21,
1885, "in the 76th year of his age; he came to Stark county in 1876^
Branson Lowman died in Hastings, Neb., March 13, 1885, aged <)7
years ; he came to Illinois in 1832, to. Stark county in 1857, where he
lived until 1882, when he moved to Nel)raska. Mrs. Rachel Brown,
daughter of Yirgil I^ike, tlied at Frazee. Minn., -January 10. 1885, one
of Stark county's pioneers. II. B. Dori-ance died near Modena, March
23, 1885, in the 48th year of his age ; he was a native of this county.
Mrs. Robert Grieve died in Ehiiira townslii]), March 3(», 1885, in the
55tii year of lier age. Mary Ann Woodward died in Osceola town-
ship, March 13, 1885. Mrs.' Sarah M. Smitli, formerly wife of the late
Sewal Smith, died in Lafayette, March 22, 18S5. aged 77 years ; she
came with lier husband to Stark countv at a verv earh' da v. Mrs.
Al)by Ann Todd, wife of Maj-)r C. W. Todd, died at Lafayette, Marcii
1<>, ill the 76th year of her age ; she came to this county with her
husband in 1840.' Samuel Montooth, senior, died near Modena, Feljru-
ary 16, 1885, aged 76 years. Total number: 38 — six more than last
xear.
The meeting of August 19, issij, sur})assed all other reunions in
method of organization and number of persons present. The weather,
too, was delightful, and tiie old courtJiouse grove was clothed in all
the richness of sunnner. The dinner Avas excellent in matei'ial and
arrangement. This important ])art of the ])rograinnie was carried out
under the auspices of the Congregational society, and earnetl for the
120 HISTORY OF STAJ^K COUNTY.
uses of that church over $100. The officers elected were : Oliver Wit-
aker, president; Jonathan Pratz, West Jerse}' ; Minott Silliman, Go-
shen ; John McMillan, Essex; Isaac Thomas. Toulon ; John Turnlmll,
Elniira ; Samuel Wrigley, Valley ; Cyi'ns Bocock, Penn ; and .lohn
Lackie, Osceola, vice presidents ; Benjamin Tui'uer, treasurer; B. F.
Tliompson, secretary. The executive committee comprised Orlando
Brace, AVilliam Xolan and Chester M. Turner. Capt. Thompson acted
as secretary of the meeting, vice Dr. Hall, removed to Kansas. To
him is entirely due the compilation of the deatii roll, given as follows:
William Dawson died at Stark, September 10, 1885, aged 75 years, lo
months and 3 days; came to Illinois from Ross county, Ohio, in 1839,
and lived in Valley township since 1S50. Miss Louisa Col well, daugh-
ter of Henry Colwell, died at her home near Duncan, October 21, 1885,
aged 21 years ; her entire life was sj)ent in the vicinity where she died.
Abram Bowers died in Penn township, Xovember i4, 1885, aged 74
years; came to Stark county in 1856, and lived in the county until the
time of his death. Robert McKinney Boccjck died at his home in Penn
townshij), January 19,1886, aged 60 years; came from Ohio to Fulton
county in 1837, and in 1854 moved to Stark county, where the re-
mainder of his life was spent ; he sei'ved as justice of the ))eace in his
township for sixteen years, and was serving his thii'teenth year as a
member of the county board of su])ervisors, of which he was chairman.
Anthony Robinson died at his home near Wyoming, May 21, 1886,
aged 61 years. Warren Pattee died at his home in Penn townshi]).
May 4, 1886, aged 74 years. Mrs. Sarah Bennett, wife of Jeremiah
Bennett, died at Saxon, Febrnary 3, 1885, aged 83 years, 2 months and
22 days; moved to Fulton county in 1838, and the year following came
to Stark count}', where her remaining days were sjient, a resident for
forty-eight years. ]\Irs. Keziah Young, wife of St(^phen Young, died
at Toulon, Fel)ruarv 3,1886, aged >i^'} years and 11 months; came from
Maine to Iowa in 1854, and in 1858 moved to Toulon, where her days
were ended. Thomas A. Oakes died near Toulon, iMarch 15, 1886,
aged 74 years, 8 months and !<• days. Mrs. Lucretia Ruston died at
her daughter's, Mrs. Anderson, in Toulon, February 28, 1886, aged 65
years; came to Lafayette in 1851, and lived there about one year;
her lirst husband was Homer 1 limes. Mrs. Sophia S., wife of Moses
II. AVeaver, died at Osceola. .Vpril 24, 188(5. Hon. James Ilolgate died
at the home of his daughter. Mrs. John Snare, at Snareville, ]\Iai'ch 22,
1886, aged 81 yeai-s. 7 months and 24 days; came from Pennsylvania!
to Penn townsJiip in is^'.o ; he was one of the three commissioners that
managed the county aifairs until 1849, when he was elected judge, and
served until 1S53 ; he was assessoi' of Penn townshi]) for sixteen yeai'S,
and the lirst supervisoi' from the township and the first chairnum of
tlie boai'd.of supervisors in the county; in 1863 he served one term in
the state legislature. Mrs. Ann Dixon died near Stark, March 28,
ISSC), aged 72 years; came to Stark county in 1851. Jose])h Atherton
died near Lafayette, May 1, 1886, aged 72 years, 4 months and 13
days; came from Ohio to Hancock county in 1836, and from there to
Stai"k county in 1845, Avhere he terminated his life. John Whit*^ died
at Lafayette, May 8, 1835, aged 54 years, 6 months and 2S days; came
PIONEEK ASSOCIATIONS AND KEMINISUEI^OES. 121
from Ohio to Stark county in 1836, and lived on the same place till
the time of his death. Geo. Springer died May 16, 1886, aged 70
years, 7 months and 9 days; came from Ohio to Stark county in ISil,
settling in Essex township, and there lived to the time of his death.
Thomas Graves died in Essex, December 12, 1885, aged 68 years, 11
months and 14 days. Mrs. Rel)ecca Dickinson, widow of Win T. Dick-
inson, died at Lafayette, Sei)teml)er 12, 1885, aged 85 years, 11 months
and 28 days. Mrs. Sarah Ileadley, wife of James Ileadley, died in
Toulon, June 11, 1886, aged 85 years, 9 months and 17 days. Mrs.
Jane P. Sweet, wife of William Sweet, died at Toulon, June 15, 1886,
aged 60 years, 4 months and 6 days. Geo. B. llarlau died in Wyo-
ming, November 15, 1885, aged 72 years and 2 months. Mrs. Mai'tha
A. Mori'is, wife of Geo. Morris, died in Toulon, December K), 1885,
aged 48 years. Anthony Hol)inson died near Wyoming, May 2, 1886,
aged 61 years. Mrs. Elmira F. Eastuum, wife of Calvin L. Eastman,
died at Toulon, July 3, 1886, aged 63 years; was a resident of Stark
county for forty two years, and an occupant of the same house for
thirty-four vears. Benjamin F. Young died at Toulon. July 21, 1886,
aged 59 years. Solomon B. Bass died in Toulon, July 30, 'l8S(;, aged
76 years, 1 month and 2<) days. S})encer Faulconer died in Valley,
May 22, 1886, aged 77 years.' Mrs. Margaret Ih-ain died near AYady
Petra, July 2. 18S<i, aged 67 years, 1(> months and 5 days. Mrs. Mary
P. Adams died near Bradford, November, 1885, aged 85 years. John
V. Bevier died at Bradford, January 30, 1886, aged 81 years. Nicho-
las Sturm died in Osceola, March 2i, 1886, aged 78 years. Mrs. Dorcas
Gushing, wife of Geo. Cusliing, died at Bradford, March 29, 188<Naged
64 years. Micagy Swiger (lied in Penn, February i», 1886, aged 63
years, 8 months "and 15 days. Mrs. Hannah F. Downing, wife of
Nathan Downing, died in Penn, Mai'ch 5, 188(), aged 44 years. James
McNultv dietl in Penn, June 29, 1886, aged 72 years." Mrs. Sarah
Hartv. wife of Andrew Harty, died in Penn, July "28, ISSf.. William
Miner died in Southern Missoui'i, July 31, 1885. Mi's. Kosannah
Dixon died at Peoria, September 2, 18"85, aged 77 years. Mrs. Jane
Sturm, wife of Peter Sturm, died at Cambridge, March 21, 1886. Mrs.
Fanny Smith, nee Silliman, wife of AVilliam P. Smith, died at Princa-
ville. "April 2, 1886, aged s-2 years. Jesse T. Turnei- died at Marietta,
Fulton county, April 28, 188V), aged 74 years, 7 months and 13 days.
Mrs. Porter,' wife of V/illiam Porter, died at Atkinson, May, 1886.
Mrs. Sarah F. Brown, nee Hodgson, wife of Alva W. Ih'own. died at
Medale, llari'ison county, Iowa, June 23, ISSd; born in Stark county,
in 1840. Mrs. Rebecca' Dickinson died at Galva, 111., June 24, 1881),
aged 81 years; Mr. Dickinson was licr fourth husband. Mrs. Rebecca
Nelson, wife of Upton Nelson, and sister of Peter Sturm, died in AFis-
souri about the 1st of August, 188<i; born December i8, bsbs. ^Mrs.
Elizabeth AVhitman, motliei- of Thomas Gemmell, died at Peoria while
on a visit, A])ril 18, 1 88(5, aged O'J years, 8 mcmtlis and 14 days; she
came from Scotland to this country in 1866. and lived here most of
the time till her death. Mrs. S. A'. Miller died in Fai-ragut, Iowa,
while on a, visit. May 19, 1SS6, aged 48 years; eaiuc IVoui Ohio to
Knox county in 1849, and moved to Stark county in 1861. Joseph
122 HISTOKY OF STAKK COUNTY.
Catterlin died at Abilene, Kansas, May 21, 188G, aged 96 years, 7
niontlis and 15 days; moved from Virginia to Springfield in 1885;
came to Tonlon in 1849. Mr, Silas Moody died at Perry, Iowa, July
10, 1886, aged 7C» years, 6 months and 9 days. William Walker died
at Eldora, Iowa, July 30, 1886, aged 65 years. Mrs. Sabrina (Chat-
field) Ililliard died at New Virginia, Iowa, Januar}^ 28, 1886, aged 69
years; slie came to Stark county in 1834, and lived near Lafayette
until 1873, and was the first female that taught school in Stark county.
Mrs. Maria Kightlingei-, wife of Jacob Kightlinger, died at her home
in Yates City, July 16, 1886, aged 84 years; she came from Pennsyl-
vania to Stark county in 1837, Jiving liere two years, then removing
to Knox county, and later to Yates City. Henry G. Kinkade died at
Starwano, August 19, 1886, aged 31 years, 9 months and 1 day ; has
lived in Stark county since he was one year of age.
M. A. Fuller's historical address, delivered at the meeting of 1880,
stands as one of the most elaborate ])ortrayals of ])ioneer life ever
given
The underground railroad must not be (overlooked. About the
time Stark county was organized this line began to assume practical
form in the neighborhood, and was })atronize(l by a few passengers.
A few years later the road grew in favor with i-efugee slaves, and ulti-
mately became an im])ortant highway between the Sunny South and
the bleak Canadas. (Talesburg Station was one of the best organized
on the line of the Underground Paib'oad. There Nehemiah West,
George Davis, P. Neeley and Samuel Hitchcock were the permanent
conductors on the division extending to Ontario, in Knox county, and
through Stark county. In Ontario township the house of C. F. Camp
was the depot, and'llod Powell conductor. Rev. John Cross, con-
nected with the railroad in 1843, was charged with aiding in the escape
of slaves, but before the trial he removed to liureau county, where a
deputy sheriff was sent to arrest him. Mr. Cross offered to go with-
out op])Osition. ])ut there were no means at the dis])osal of the deputy
to travel, so that his ])risoner agreed to su])ply his own team. They
started or. Saturchiy, stayed with Oliver Whitaker at Osceola Grove
next day, where the ]irisoner preached. On Monday they left en route
for Knox county, where Mr. Cross defended himself. Prior to this,
in 1839 or 1840, he was imprisoned in the (4alesl)urg jail, but was
bailed out by the abolitionists.
From liev. S. G. Wi'ight's journal the following extract is taken, as
bearing on this I'ailroad system: '' December 24, 1S41 ; started for
Walnut Creek; gi-eat i-ain ;' the creek was swimming; llichard C. and
William Dunn were with me; difficulty in crcjssing branch above
Trickle's mill ; had to bi-eak ice for near an hour, and go around by
Traker's Grove; ])reached at Mr. Foster's Friday, April, 1842; went
to Knoxville to hear debate between Kinney and Frazer ; also to ob-
tain a teachei-; May 2, went to Lafayette to' hear Mi'. Harris expose
Moi-monism ; I'ehearsed his lecture to my people at Mr. Webster's.
" -"• * -=<- ■" February <), 1843: On I'ri day another fugitive from
slavery came along, making twenty-one that have passed through this
settlement on their wavto Canada'; the ink freezes on my pen as I try
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 123
to Avrite. May 22, 1843 : Saturday Avent to Emery settlement, but
foimtl so strong an antipathy against abolitionists that few would hear
me preach, so I went on and preached at Toulon Sabbath morning ;
report saitl the Mormons meant to dra\v^ me into deliate here. May
20 : The grand jury found a bill against me and my elder, W. W.
Wel)ster, for harboring runawa}^ slaves. June 24: Witness in case of
The People vs. Cross, for harboring runaway slaves. January 5, 1847 :
Arrived home on Fridav : found that two fugitives were along with
only Christmas papers."
W. II. Adams, in one of his pioneer sketches j)ublished in the Senti-
nel, speaks of Fountain Watkins, " the laughing Abolitionist," and of
his connection with the Underground Railroad, better known as the
" Great Southern and Canadian Underground Railway." In his sketch
he refers to Dave Frisby, the first school-teacher in the Elm wood dis-
trict, Knox county ; Mrs. Watkins, wife of Fountain Watkins ; Eli
Wilson, an old abolitionist ; Peter, a colored fugitive ; George Pierce
and John Dalton, anti-abolitionists; Elias Wycoff and IXeliemiah
Wycoff, well-known names in Stark county. One of Watkins' stories
as told to Mr. Adams is as follows: '' Some time late in the forties, Eli
Wilson brought quite a likely young man to my place, who said he
had been a waitei' on a Mississippi river steamboat. Fie stayed with
us for about a week, and played with the boys in the ^voods. Some of
our kind of men at Farmington sent me word one evening to push the
l)oy ahead, as hunters were on his track. It would not answer to start
that night, as it would be certain to invite pursuit. I finally con-
cluded to wait until morning, and studied out a plan how the old
woman and me would go visiting' the next dav on horseback. As the
fall winds were kinder hard on the 'wimin's' faces, it was no more
than natural for her to have on a veil. So the next morning I saddled
a gray team I owned, and had Peter put on one of my wife's dresses
and veils, and helped him to mount the horse with the side-saddle
just as though it was my wife. I mounted the other horse, and
admonished Peter not to talk unless I spoke to him. AVe struck out,
taking a road that led in the direction of the east side of the mound
west of the town of Elm wood. The road across the Kickapoo bottoms
was lined on each side with a dense growth of high weeds and brush.
While in this place we saw a team coming towards us with George
Pierce and John Dalton in the wagon. I had been toll that Dalton
had l)een blowing around that if ever he cauglit me 'running off a
nigger,' he would arrest me- I ]iulled out to the right and Peter to
the left to let the wagon pass. I said: 'Good morning, ha! ha!' and
they said ' good morning.' We had not got more than a rod from
them when I heard (Tcorge say : ' I'll be d d if I don't believe
''Fount" has got a nigger with him.' Here the road made a sharp
turn, the ground was soft, and didn't we ply the bud and let the horses
go until we reached the high ground at the mound. Here we ]uilled
rein and looked back. Not a soul was in sight. I told Pete that it
was twelve miles to the next timber, and we had to travel, ns there
was danger of them cusses following us We reached the hazel brush
south of Rochester, on Spoon river, where I hid Pete and started for
8
124 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
town to find something to eat for the horses, the rugitive and myself.
Meeting Dave Frisby, I did not pretend to notice him ; but he recog-
nized me and said, 'Helo, Fount; how do you do? Wiiere are you
going?' I rephed : 'Just down here to find a girl ; my wife is not
very well.' Dave said : ' You don't want a girl; you have a runaway
somewhere in the brush, and are now looking for something to eat.
I know you, eld fellow ; you can't fool this child. Fount. How is the
wife and babies, anyhow ? I said : ' Dave, where have you been l '
He re])lied that he was in business at Eochester, and, continuing, said :
' Say, Fount, you've got a fugitive hid somewhere ; don't you deny it.
Do you see that house over there? I board there with Eli as Wycoff,
brother to ]^ehemiah, of Stark county, both sound abolitionists.' I
said : ' Dave, Wycoff may be all right, but you always said it was not
right to help the slaves get away from their masters.' He replied :
' Fount, you know I always said slavery was wrong ; then it is right to
free them. Here is my hand.' I could tie to Dave."
I turned about and went with Dave. Wycoff was not at home, but
was expected shortly. The horses were cared for, Dave and I went
out to the fugitives retreat. I gave the signal and the woman stejjped
out. We introduced her to the family and Mr. Wycoff. Mr. Wycoff
then came and was delighted to help any one out of bondage. Fete
and I had supper, and afterwards I informed W^'coff that the lady
wished to make some change in her dress. She was shown into a
room, I followed after and said, " Pete, take off your dress." Wycoff
said, " Is that a man ? " I replied that it was, that he had on my wife's
dress, and that I wished to take it home with me as dresses were not
over plenty at my house. Peter slipjjed out of the dress and stood be-
fore us in a suit of broadcloth. All laughed, the women came, and
seeing the joke, also laughed. I waited until late that night, bade
Pete and his new friends adieu, and arrived home just before daylight.
Ha! ha! ha! You don't hear the crack of the slave-driver's whip now-
a-days. Ha ! ha ! ha ! "
In the histories of West Jersey, Elmii'a, Osceola, and other town-
ships, many of the conductors on the Great Southern and Canadian
Underground 11. R. find proper mention.
In the first pages of this cliapter reference is made to the anti-
horse-thief and gambler associations. There luis always hovered
around the frontier of civilization bold, desperate men, who prey u))on
the unprotected settlers rather than gain a livelihood by honest toil.
Theft, robbery and murder were carried on by regularly organized
bands in Ogle, Lee, Winnebago and DeKalb counties, who moved
through other sections of the State. The leaders of these gangs of cut-
throats were among the first settlers of that ]wrtion of the State, and
consequently had the choice of location. Among the most ])rominent
of the leaders were John Driscoll, William and David, his sons ; John
Brodie and three of his sons ; Samuel Aikens and three of his sons ;
William \\. Bridge and Norton B. Boyce. These were the i-epresenta-
tive characters, those who })lanned and controlled the movements of
the combination, concealed them when danger threatened, nursed them
when sick, rested them when worn bv fatigue and forced marches, fur-
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 125
iiished hiding places for their stolen booty, shared in the spoils, and,
under cover of darkness and intricate and devious ways of travel,
known only to themselves and subortlinates, transferred stolen horses
from station to station; for it came to be known as a well-established
fact that they had stations, and agents, and watchmen scattered
throughout the country at convenient distances, and signals and pass-
words to assist and govern them in all their nefarious transactions.
The "Keceipt for Hoi'se Stealing'' published in 1SS<! in the Brim-
field News from the pen of W. H. Adams, conveys a good idea of some
of the troubles and clangers to which the early settlers were subjected
by horse-thieves. He introduces his poper by a mention of the Laffertys,
Slocum's, Driscolls, George Eckley, Ileniy McClenahan, James ]\[ont-
gomery, John Miller, Joe Swalm, Wesley Fraker and others ; follows
up the emigration of the Laffertys from Ashland count}", Ohio, to
Knox county, Illinois, in 18)^0, and then enters upon the story of horse-
stealing in 1838. Three men came to Lafferty's in A})ril, 1838, stating
that they were land-buj'ers, and asking to stay all night. The evening
of the next day they returned with all their ''land papers" wet, claim-
ing that their vehicle upset while crossing the creek. Mr. L. dried the
pa})ers. On next morning which was Sunday, one of the young men
brought forth a fiddle, when Mrs. Lafferty said, "■ we have noise and
racket enough on week days, I want a little rest on Sunday." That
night her husband's team of "blacks" was stolen, and early on May 2,
John Latfert}^ entered U]wn the pursuit of the thieves. He returned
next morning and met John IMiller, who lived in w4iat is now Frince-
ville towniship, Sew^el Smith of Mud Eun, in Putnam, and Bob Colwell,
who lived south of Frince's Mill, on Spoon river, each of whom lost
horses. When they heard that two of Lafferty's and two of Fraker's
horses were stolen the same night, they proposed that all would return
to their homes, get arms and supplies, and give pursuit, appointing
Montgomery's house at Sugar Tree Grove, the starting place. This
a])])()iutment was kept, and Laffert_y, Swalm, Fraker, Colwell, Miller
and Smith started in search of the thieves. Meantime, one Iloantree
of Henderson Grove, arrived at Miller's house with tlie information
that two horses in charge of a boy were at Washburn's Grove. John
McCoy was dispatched, identified the horses, and pushed forward in
'search of Laffertv and friends, whom he met returnino- to Washburn's.
Arriving there, they relieved the landlord of the horses, aiul pi'epared to
make preparations for hanging the boy. Meantime, Miller led the boy
some distance away, and got a promise from him to give full inform-
ation if his life would Ije spared. Lafferty and Colwell questioned him,
and learned that the rendezvous was in the Winnel)ago swamp. At
midnight the party set forth to capture the robbers, Lafferty and ]\Iiller
leading with the boy between them. Toward morning they arrived
near tlie rendezvous. At daylight all the party got within a few yards
of the camp and waited for the robljers to appear, which one did just
before sunrise. He was captured by John Miller; two others jumj^ed
out of the bush hut and were captured. Then all the horses and saddles
were got together and the victors and vanquished proceeded to another
grove to try the robbers. The court was organized, the boy's state-
126 HISTORY OF STAKK COFXTV.
ments were noted, each of the settlers identified his horses, and the trio
were fonnd guiltj and hanged. At Spring Creek, on their homeward
journey, they were fired npon 1>} friends of thieves, the fire was re-
turned Ijrisklv and thus ended the adventure of the earlvdays of Mav,
1838. Lafferty and party merely stated to their friends that '* the boy
gave a receipt that he would never steal another horse." In June, 1838,
Colwell, Joe Drummond and others visited the Winnebago swam]>,
where they saw three bodies swinging from a tree. Colwell said. *' 1
wonder if them ere injuns were hung by the whites during the Black
Hawk War?" Drummond turning to him said, "Dad, you fellers
didn't shoot him, you hung him." Colwell replied, '' I guess they're
dead," and the party left the scene of the tragedy.
, "' Cattle Drivino- in Earlv Davs " is the title of a storv from the
^ ])en of W. II. Adams in Xhe Brlmjield JSeics. John Emery, now of
Galva, is made the hero. It appears that in al)out ls44or 1815, one
Ther^'good Smith, a dealer of Rochester, resolved to change the
farmer's notes in his possession into something more tangil>le. and thus
acquired possession of 225 head of cattle. This herd he placed in
charge of John Emerv of Stark Countv, with orders to drive them to
Chicago. Eraervwas assisted on the drive bv John P. Pratz, Elias Laf-
ferty and Michael Smith, notorious '* l)ull-whackers." At "Xine Mile
House," on the Des]ilaines. he sold a few head and received s2(>(i in
gold, then pushed on to Chicago, where the cattle were slaughtered
and Emery paid 81, KK) in " wildcats " for the quarters, the only jiarts
then weighed in the market. During the da^^s passed at Chicago, he
boarded at the City Hotel, corner of State and Lake streets, a mile
distant from the old slaughter house. On leaving Chicago, he passed
the first night at the " Nine Mile House," and there met Jack and
Bill Britts of New Bradford on Green River. Pushing forward with
the Britts, Jack remained at Paw Paw while Emery and Bill Britt
went forward to Princeton. They had no sooner arrived there than
two men, well mounted, appeared. They were robbers on his track.
At Princeton he was introduced to a ladv and her son from Meadville,
Pa., who wished to learn the way to Carson Berfield's home in Stark.
He volunteered to accompany them, and next day set out on the jour-
nev. Noticing the carriage and the saddled hoi'se, one of the robbei's
exclaimed: " What ! off so soon t and rushed in hot haste to the stable
for their horses, quickly a])pearing again, one patting on the bridle
and the other with the saddle away up on his horse's shoulders was
vainlv striving to tighten the surcingle as the horse plunged about. At
this juncture the lady and son stepped into the cari'iage. As soon as
seated she requested Mr. Emery to hand her his valise and overcoat, a
request which he lost no time in complying witli. The landlady had
informed almost every guest of the jeopardy that the stalwart looking
drover was in, with the solemn admonition not to mention it as they
valued their lives. As a matter of course every guest in the house
was on deck to see the outcome. ]\[en and women were all in favor
of the drive, most particularly the women. When Mr. Emery handed
his valise to the occupants of the carriage, one of the robbei's said,
" AVhat, are you going with them folks ?" Emery i"e})lied. ** Yes ; look
riONfiER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. 127
liere — here is one thousand dollars in paper (reaching into his vest
])ocket and pulling out the wallet)." Replacing this, he reached into
his trousers pocket and withdrew the gold, saying: "Here is two hun-
dred dollars in gold ; I would like to see you get it. As soon as you
approached me last evening I knew what your business w^as, and who
set you dirty, contemptible, thieving skunks on my track. You can
come and go with me if you think it will be healthy, or you can go
back to Paw" Paw Grove and tell Jack Britt that you didn't get my
money — or you can go to h 1." As Mr. Emery swung himself into
the saddle and rode awav, he was observed bv all eves.
Hundreds of stories, more or less of this character, are current,
some of which are briefly told in the pages devoted to towmship and
personal history.
J. Blanchard, writing from Burrton, Kas., to Captain Brown, in
1883, recites the following reminiscences: "In the fall of 1841 the
writer married one of the fair daughters of Osceola. Soon after the
ceremony, which was performed by the venerable Square Parks, I
took my bride to our cabin away out on the prairie, even before the
windows and doors were adjusted. But, contrary to the present
custom of wedding tours, we went to work fixing things and getting
ready for real housekee])ing. Our household then consisted of my
wnfe and I and my bachelor brother. At the commencement we laid
in a toleral)le supply of groceries and provisions, and things went on
swimmingly, yes lovingly, for a time. But near the end of the next
summer our stores run alarmingly low% and we were reduced to
'pumpkins and ])otatoes.' In those days there were no w^ater-mills
nearer than the Kickapoo or IVIackinaw rivers except an old log mill
on Jack creek, known as Parker's mill. But at that time there was no
w^ater behind, and the only way to get a little corn cracked was for
two or three men to get on the water-wheel and tread it out. But
about this time Lemuel Dorrance built a saw and grist mill on Spoon
river, about one mile distant. And a year or two previous to 1811 the
steam mill was put in operation at Wethersfield. So I tramped out
some smutty spring wheat with my oxen and started to the latter
])lace to mill. And though it was but seven or eight miles on a bee
line (for there were no farms in the way) from Myrtle G. Brace's to
AYethersfield, yet I was three days making the round trip. While I
was there, a gaunt-looking man from Victoria came in, having on a
very long face, and he said, ' Pherris, when can you grind my grist ?
We have eaten the last ])umpkin.' 'Don't know,' said Pherris, the
miller. 'Perhaps in two or three days.' 'Why, God bless you! my
family will starve in that time,' exclaimed the gaunt man. 'I can't
help it,' replied the miller. But if the bottom had not dropped out of
the well at the steam mill the ^vater had, and we had to haul water
from a S])ring near Squire Blish's, ami })our it into the well. How-
ever, in the course of two or three days, we all got our grists, and
went on our way rejoicing. And the flour was soon kneaded, set on
the coals in the big stove or sod fire-place (for we had no quick meal
stoves in those days), but it came out a real short cake or light biscuit.
Not long after we set up housekeeping, we had a kind of infair, and.
128 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
our cabin not being finished, I deLayed putting on the wedding gar-
ments until the guests had arrived. I asked Mrs. B. where I should
change ray clothes. Mrs. Oliver Whitaker being present, and alwa3^s
ready for a joke, said, 'Why, Blanchard, go up-stairs.' But, lo and
behold! there was nothing up there but sleepers and rafters. So I
resorted to the haystack, and soon came back as good as new."
James B. "Witter, writing to Oliver Whitaker, from Fairmont,
Neb., in 1883, says: "AVhen I received j^our card of invitation,
instantly my mind ran back over the years when I first came to Stark
county. It was in the fall of 1839 that I first came into the county;
it gave me an opportunity to see the growth of that little count}^ u])
to 18C9. The first few years of my residence there, the places of
almost every man were familiar. I passed over almost every road
that was used in the county, knew almost every house and the names
of the persons residing in it. But what a change in thirty 3^ears ; still
more in forty. The settlements were fia'st made along the streams
and near the timber, and in passing from one settlement to another it
was often a lonely tramp,, not hearing a sound excej^t the birds that
were used to a prairie countr}^, or perhaps some wild animal would
jump up and dash away and would soon l^e out of sight in the tall
grass. But those things have long since disap])eared, and now ap])ear
cultivated fields, fine houses, with herds of different kinds of stock,
which serve to enrich the farmer and to give life and activity to the
people of the county. I would further say that my wife came to
Illinois in the year 1835, and her father came to Stark county in 1837.
AVe were married in 1842, and together we toiled through those hard
years which followed the early settling of Stark county."
The letter of H. C. Henderson, dated Marshalltown, Iowa, August
25, 1883, is a model pioneer letter, such a one as every old settler sliould
write. It was addressed to Dr. Henry M. Hall, then secretarv of the
Old Settlers Association, and from it the following extract is made :
" I think of the broad, uncultivated prairies of old Stark, of the lieauti-
ful hills and valleys, the woodlands and streams, that delighted my
boyish fancy, when the young blood coursed freely through a frame
quivering with strong, happy life. I remember well the wcjods and
prairies decked with many-hued fiowers, and carpeted with native
grass. I remember the waving fields and golden harvest, I recall the
summer's heat, the smoky autumn, Avith its foliage of fire and gold ;
I think of snowy winters and ice-bound streams, of the caljin and barn,
of the log-cabin school house, of fun and frolic, of work and play ; how
I used to go barefoot, and often was compelled to do so; of the thi'eatl-
l)are clothes and sometimes scanty fare at the family Ijoard ; of the
spelling-schools, of the singing-schools, and, after awhile, of the Sunda}^-
school, in the organization and direction of which your venerable father
took an active part; of the campmeetings and celebrations; of the
elections and the courts. Well I rememl)er the first county meeting at
Major McClenahan's to organize the county ; and the first courts held
in m}' father's old cabin, when all the county were our guests. How
lonesome it used to be in the old cabin after court, or the meeting of
the count}^ commissioners, composed of Jonathan Hodges, Calvin
PIONEER ASSOCIATIONS AND REMINISCENCES. l29
Winslow and Jefferson Trickle, or William Ogle (I forgot which now),
with Augustus Dun as sheriff and Oliver Whitaker county clerk.
As I glance back at those times how those venerable forms come up
before me. I remember when the county seat was located at Toulon,
and Carson Berfield staked out tlie lots through the hazel and plum
thickets, so dense that a way had to be cut with brush scythes to enable
them to carry the chain and point the compass. I recall also the old
court house built by Elder Mott, who, it was said, painted it with
])uttermilk. ITo^v well I remember when Ben Turner opened up a
hotel in the northwest corner of the puljlic square, and Mr. Whitaker
kept l)oarders in the northwestern ])art of the town ; when Dr. Hall
moved his old eccentric cabin from Osceola to town, and rebuilt it with
its quaint angles and odd proportions, on the hillside south east of the
court house. In those days I knew nearly everybody in the county,
and had at one time and another been at nearly all their cabins. I
could now almost name them all : Wesley Miner, William Bowen,
William Mahany, Major McClenahan and Stephen G. Worley on the
west and south sides and Andrew Swartz, Minot Silliman, William
Ogle, Adam Perry, and "old man Leak," on the east side, composed
the entire settlement on Indian creek above the old town of Moulton,
not now known to the younger generations. At Wyoming, with only
one house in it, I think, resided General Thomas and his family, the
Butlers and Whituey Smith. Above them, east of S]ioon river, Elijah
McClenahan, Syl. Moore, Jesse Heath, James Holgate, Lemuel Dor-
rance and Mr. Breese made up nearly the entire settlement east of
S])oon river between the Osceola and Wyoming settlements, and the
Winslows, Buswells, Sturms, Myrtle G. Brace and the Lyle brothers
made most of the settlement on upper Spoon river. The Woods, Adam
Day, Essex, Chaffees, Coxes, Smiths, Boardmans and Trickles were
nearly all the inhabitants of the southeast part of the county. I might
mention many others whom I remember with pleasure, who then, or
shortly after, resided there — the Olivers, Fullers, Turnbulls, and many
others whom I have neither the time nor space to mention now. I
knew them all well for a number of years and have heard of them often
since, and always with pleasure. They laid the foundations of society
deep and strong, and fifty years have I'olled away since, but the in-
fluence of these good fathers and mothers is still felt, and their works
follow them in the prosperity and glory of the present time."
S. II. Henderson, of Hastings, Neb., writes: "More than forty-
seven years ago (July 2, 1836) on a rainy day, my father, with his
family, and the family of Mrs. Jane Elliott arrived at the place selected
for our home on Indian Creek, just one mile south of Toulon. Not
one of the Elliott family remains, and the descendants of the widow
are scattei'ed far and wide. And 1113^ dear father and mother are long-
since passed away. Their children are remembered for their sakes.
Many who are regarded as old settlers in Stark county settled there,
after our family emigrated to Iowa in 184:5, nearly thirty-eight years
ago. I regret exceedingly that I cannot be with .you. For a quarter of
a century I have been an itinerant ])reacher in the Methodist Episcopal
church, and in that time I have missed roll-call l)ut twice, and then I
130
HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
was in the service of my country, lielping to put do\vn the great
rebellion."
Many reminiscences might be introduced here ; ])ut as innumerable
references to pioneer days are found throughout this Avork, moi*e
particularly in the pages devoted to township history and biography,
the writer selected the foregoing as a fair resume of ]noneer history
for the country's pioneer circle.
CHAPTER VI.
ORGANIZATION AND COMMISSIONERS COURT.
i^ the organization of Illinois Territory in 1809, it was
divided into the counties of Randolph and St. Cllair. In
1818 the whole northwest part of the state belonged to
Madison as set off from St. Clair on the establisliment of
state government. In 1821 Pike county was founded, aiul
in 182?> Fulton county was organized. When this (Fulton)
county was established and for over two years thereafter, it
extended east and west from the Illinois to the Mississi])})i
rivers, and from the base line near where Rushville, Schuy-
ler count}^, now stands, to the northern boundary of the
state, including the country where Rock Island, Galena,
Peoria, Joliet and (Chicago now are. It was indeed a large
county, and embraced wliat is Jiow the wealthiest and most
populous portion of the great West. The great lead mines
of Galena had not yet been discovered, and Chicago was
only a trading and mditary post. In 1825 the Legislature
created Peoria county and attached to it for all county
purposes all the country lying north of it within this state
on l>oth sides of the Illinois river as far east as the third principal
meridian. The Commissioners' Court of that county convened for the
first time March 8, 1825. In this year also, Schuyler county was es-
tablished, and the same >'ear the counties of Adams, Hancock, MoDon-
(jugh, Warren, Mercer, Knox, Henry and Putnam were set off from
Fulton. In 1839 Stark county was formed out of six congressional
townsliips of Putnam and two of Knox county. On A])ril 2, 1831,
Putnam was divided into four precincts, one of which, Spoon River,
included all the county south of the direct line from the head of Crow
Prairie to Six Mile Grove, thence northwest to the oi-iginal county
line; Bureau precinct, all the present county of that name and })arts
of Stark and Marshall counties, with nineteen voters. The voters in
the Spoon River precinct of Putnam county, August 1, 1831, were W.
1). Grant, Sewell Smith, John B. Dodge, Sylvanus Moore, Benjamin
Essex, Thomas Essex, Thomas Essex, Jr., Daniel Cooper, Harris W.
l-ONTIAO — CHIEF OF TUK OTTAWAS.
ORGANIZATION AND COMMISSIONERS' COURT. 133
Miner, Isaac B. Essex, Greenleaf Smith, AViii. North, Benjamin Smith,
John C. Owings.
In September, 1831, a road from Hennepin to Smith's Ford on
Spoon Itiver, was ordered to be re-snrveyed and marked.
Dnring the Black Hawk war, in May, 1832, the miHtary companies
known as Eads', Barnes' and Bangliman's, with a detachment of Ignited
States infantry nnder CoL Zacli. Tavlor, and Lients. Jeff Davis and
Sidney Johnson, camped at Boyd's Grove. It is related that many of
the Spoon River voters nltimately '-were taken with the war fever "
and entered the ranks, l)ut of this the writer has no anthority, be^'ond
the rosters given in the military chapter.
In March, 1831, the commissioners of Pntnam laid off the county
into road districts. All the settlements in the Spoon river neighbor-
hood formed No. lY, with Sylvanus Moore, supervisor. At this
time James Holgate, Samuel j\[eri'ill and James McGlenahan were
appointed fence-viewers for townshij) 13 north, range 6 east.
In June, 1834, Benjamin Smith, James Holgate and Elijah McClen-
ahan were appointed judges of election in the Spoon Iliver precinct.
The first election after organization was held August 1, 1831, when the
following named voters were recorded in Spoon Iliver precinct: W. D.
(larrett, Sewell Smith, John B. Dodge, Sylvanus Moore, Benjamin
Essex, Thomas Essex, Thomas Essex, Jr., David Cooper, Harris W.
Miner, Isaac B. Essex, Greenleaf Smith, B. Smith, Wdliam Smith,
Benjamin Smith and John C. Owings. The judges of election were
William and Greenleaf Smith and W. B. Essex, with John C. Owings
and Benjamin Smith clerks. The meeting was held at Benjamin
Smith's house.
Little or nothing was accom})lished in the way of ]>ublic improve-
ments in Spoon Biver precinct. The towns of Wyoming, Osceola,
IMoulton, Massillon and Lafayette Avere jilatted in 183P)-7, but beyond
this ])ublic enteri)rise did not lead.
The, bribery act of 1837, granting millions of dollars to public
woi'ks which were never completed, and loans of money made to
counties, so as to win the people's approval, resulted in Putnam
receiving $10,000 as her share of the public plunder. Amnion Moon,
who Avas then county treasurer, loaned this sum Avithout proper
security, and thus Putnam lost her spoils. Stark, however, received
the portion of this fund to Avhich she Avas entitled.
The time had now arrived when the people of Avestern Putnam
resoh^ed to haA^e a little commonwealth of their own. This period
and events belonging are well portraj^ed by Mrs. Shallenberger,
thus: ''At the session of the legislature in 1836-7, an act "for the
formation of the county of Coffee" Avas approved. Noav, as Colonel
AVilliam Henderson Avas from his first settlement here prominent
in local politics, and known to be an enthusiastic admirer of the
Tennessee hero. General Coffee, Avith or under Avhom he had done
military serAnce, it is hi^'hlv iirobable that this, as Avell as siibse-
(|nent acts for the same purpose wei-e secui-ed thi'ough his instru-
mentality. The ncAV county was to be eighteen miles scpiare, com-
prising nine full toAvnships — six Lo be taken from Putnam, two from
134 HISTORY OF STAKK ("OFNTV.
Knox and one from Henrv. Benjamin Mitchell. Eicbard X. Cullom
of Tazewell, and Samuel Hackleton of Fulton, were the commission-
ers to select the site for the county seat, which, if located on ground
not alread\^ laid out as a town, should be called Eipley. This act,
however, was not to take effect unless a majority of the voters in
Knox and Henry counties, at an election on tlie K'tb day of April.
1837, should sanction it. Putnam was allowed no voice in these
proceedings, and the ])roject failed on the vote; so ''Coffee county*"
was no more, although it had already appeared on several maps of
that day. A more vigorous attempt was made during 1838, con-
tinuing through a great part of the year. Much feeling was excited
by this contest, as is usual in local questions. Both parties in the
struo-u-le had weif-'htv arouiments to wield. Those wisliino- to make
the Illinois river a boundary on the east, urging the increased tax-
ation that must result to the residents in a small county ; the other
side uro'ino- the convenience of a county seat near at hand. So the
question of a new county was made the leading issue in the canvass
for another representative from the Spoon river country. As early
as February. 1838, a meeting was held at the house of James Hol-
gate, near AVyoming. when it was "Tlesolved. to petition the next
legislature for a new county, and to protest against the Illinois river
as a boundary on the east," and "to nominate Colonel WiUiam H.
Henderson, in order to the success of their plans." After adjourn-
ment, a meeting of the disaffected minority, some fifteen or twenty,
was held and resolutions passed "to accept the Illinois river as a
boundary on the east, and to put Thomas S. Elston, Esq., of Bureau.
in nomination for the legislature.*' Mr. Elston, however, does not
appear to have become a candidate. Others were nominated in dif-
ferent parts of Putnam and Bureau ; but only the names of Colonel
Henderson. Amnion Moon. B. M. Hays of Hennepin, and Andrew
Burns of Magnolia, were conspicuous in the canvass. In an address
to the electors of the district, puldished in the nearest papers. Colonel
Henderson stated that '"he sliould lay down as a basis for his action,
two lines, to-wit: the lines dividing ranges 8 and 9, east of the fourth
principal meridian, and another which had reference to the formation
of Marshall county.'' He was elected bv a plurality of nearly a
lumdred over his competitors, receiving the almost unanimous vote
of Spoon river, Lacon and Lafayette precincts. Notice for a petition
for a new county was again advertised according to law, in October.
1838, and on the sixteenth of January, 1839, Colonel Henderson pre-
sented this petition from citizens of Putnam. Henry and Knox coun-
ties, praying the formation of a new county.
The subsequent proceedings are summarized from legislative and
other documents as follows : In 1837 the vote of Eastern Knox county
for division and annexation to Coffee county was 77, while against the
measure ISO votes were cast, thus effectually closing the road which
earliei' appeared open to the success of the measure. On January 23,
1839, Mr. Moore reported a bill for an act to establish Stark county,
which was twice read, and on motion of Mr. Stapp, referred to a com-
mittee composed of Stapp, Henderson, Alexander, Compher and Jar-
ORGANIZATION AND COMMISSIONKRs' COURT. 135
rott. On Febniarv 5, Jarrott I'ejiorted the bill, Stap]> moved indefinite
postponement ; Init on motion of Henderson the bill and amendment
were laid on the table. ()n P'ebruar}- 7, on motion of Otwell, tliev
were referred to a committee, composed of ]\[urphy, Otwell, Duljois,
Jarrott and Kercheval. On Febrnarv 11, Duljois reported the bill, etc.,
and recommended ado])ti()n. Forty three votes were recorded in favor
and 31 contra. On Febrnarv 15, the engrossed l)ill was read a third
time, but its passage was negatived. On Febrnarv K!, the question —
"Shall the bill passT' was again negatived. On February 28 a mes-
sage from the senate announced that that bod v amended a bill for "an
act to dispose of the territoi'v lying west of the Illinois I'iver in the
county of Putnam and for other ])nr])oses," so as to read, " an act for
the formation of Stark and for other purposes," and further asked the
concui'i'ence of the house. On March 2, the council of revision
reported approval of the act, and Stark county was established.
John Stark, after whom the county is named, was born at London-
derry, N. H., August 28, 1728, of Irish parents, who came to the
colonies in 1719, and in 1730 moved to Derrvfield, now Manchester.
In 1752 John joined a hunting expedition through the wilds of North-
ern New Hampshire, was captured l)y the Al)enaquoies, carried
to Canada, released by a Ijoston friend on payment of $103, and the
vear following visited the headwaters of the Androscoo-o-an. Durino-
the Ivevolntion he was at Saratoga, and was of the council which stipu-
lated the surrender of Bui-goyne. He also served in Ilhode Island in
1778, and in New Jersey in 178(». In 1781 he Avas a])pointed comman-
der of the northern department of the American army and served until
he greeted the birth of the United States. In his Irish rifle brigade
were seventy-one Irishmen, who r.erved at Bunker Hill, where four of
them were killed. Stark's order was, '• wait till you see the white of
their eyes," and on another occasion, "We must win today, boys, or
tonight ]Molly Stark is a widow.'' The name has not suffered in its
present connection, for in later years the sons of Molly Stark obeyed
luany an order, with a much nobler foe in front than Stark fought
against.
The act approved Fel)ruary 1, 18-l:(), provided that Cyrus Walker, of
McDonough county, D. G. Salisbury, of Bureau county, and William
Fenn, of Marshall county, be commissioners to locate the seat of jus-
tice for Stark county, they to meet at W, H. Henderson's house in
1840. It was further jirovided that that ])ortion of Henry county
within the following-named boundaries be attached to Stark, viz.: " Be-
ginning at the southeast corner of Henry county, running north on
line dividing ranges 5 and (! to the northeast corner of section 2-I-, T
15 N., R. 5 E., thence west with the section lines to the northwest cor-
ner of section 22. in B. 4, thence along the section 22, thence south
along line dividing towns 13 and l-t N., thence east to beginning."
This addition was sul)ject to a vote of Henry county, ordered to be
taken in March, 1840. Another act, a]>]n'oved February 1, 1840,
declared valid the assessment of taxes taken in Stark and Henry coun-
ties in 1839, as if taken regulai-ly under the act concernino- ]Hd)lic rev-
enue, as approved February 26, 1839. The act approved February 27,
136 HIP'rOK'Y OK STARK rOFXTV.
1S41, provided that the east ^ of E. 4 and all of R. 5 in townships 14
and 15 N. constitute a part of Stark, and be taken from the southeast
corner of Henry county, on condition that the people of Henry
county would vote in favor of such addition to Stark. It was further
provided that John Dawson, Peter Van Bergen and AVilliani F. Elkin,
all of Sangamon county, be ap]winted conimissionei's to locate the
town of Toulon, the county seat, and they were instructed to meet at
"\V. H. Henderson's house in April, 18-1-1. The action of those com-
missioners was also made liable to a vote of the ])eople of Stark. The
sale of lots in the town, and the transfer t)f school funds from Henry
and Knox counties to Stark county, were also provided for. A refer-
ence to the ])ioneer chapter will point out the opposition this question
met with from the citizens of Henry county, concerned an anti-square
opposition which still persists in denying a ninth township to Stark.
Co7nmiss{o7iers^ Record. — The first meeting of the County Commis-
sioners was held at Elijah McClenahan's house, April 4. ISMO, under
the act establishing the county, approved March l\ that year. Calvin
AVinslow, Stephen Trickle and Jonathan Hodgson present. The two
first named qualified before the latter, who was a justice of the peace,
and he. in turn, before Calvin AVinslow. Oliver Whitaker was aji-
pointed clerk j>/r> tern. Mmott Silliman qualified as treasurer and Oli-
ver Whitaker as clerk. On April 5th. T. 14, R. 6 and 7 E. was laid
off as justice district Xo. 1 ; T. 13, R. 7 E., as district Xo. 2 ; T. 12 X.,
R. 5 E., as district Xo. 3; T. 13, R. 5 E., as Xo. 4, and T. 13, R. 6 E.,
as Xo. 5. The boundaries were not exactly those of the congressional
townships. Xine road districts were established on this day also. The
road supervisors then appointed were John Lyle, James Holgate,
AVhitney Smith. Jefferson Trickle, W. ^ . "Webster (June term), Joseph
Palmer, Peter F. Miner, S. G. Worlev and John ^Miller. It was then
ortlered that every able-bodied man should perform three days' work on
the roads. There were five assessors' districts established. Isaac
Spencer. J. "W. Agard, I. H. Barnett, Silas Richards and Adam Perry
were appointed justices of the respective justice districts.
On A^n'il 5. ISoO, James Holgate was appointed school commis-
sioner. The school lands trustees appointed on April 6, 1839, were I.
C. Avery, Henry Seely and A. M. Smith, for Osceola ; Henry Breese,
Samuel Camp and I. Spencer, for Penn : J. W. Heath, Samuel Seely*
and Adam Perry, for Toulon : Calvin Powell. Sr.. Moses Boardman
and AVhitney Smith, for Essex ; AY. W. AVebster, Jose]jh Palmer and
Milton Richards, for AVest Jersey : C. H. ]^Iiner. Luther Driscoll and
Samuel Pari'ish, for Goshen. The first tleeds recorded in the county
were as follows: AVilliam Dunliar to Ruliff Parrish. June 24, 1839, for
lots 1, 2 and 8, in block 38, La Fayette village; Henry and Eliza Seely
to Xicholas Sturm, February 28, 1839, for the X. -J-,'X. AY. \. Section
27, T. 14, R. 7, the consideration being 8187.50.
Robert AlcClenahan was appointed county collector. A lottery
was held to determine the terms of the commissioners, which resulted
in giving Stephen Trickle one year, Jonathan Hodgson two, and Cal-
vin AYinslow three years. The board decided that the county and cir-
cuit courts should be held hereafter at AA". H. Henderson's house. On
ORGANIZATION AND COMMISSIONERS' COURT. loT
June 4th a tax of 40 cents per |100 valuation was ordered. At this
session live election })recincts were established, grand and ])etit juroi's
were appointed, and the assessors ordered to be paid. In Sej)tend)er.
1839, William Ogle replaced Commissioner Trickle. John Hester,
Adam Perry and Joseph D. Lane were commissioned to locate a road,
commencing at Boyd's Grove toward L. S. Dorrance's mill. This was
the introduction to road-makmo- undei" the new local government. On
September 3d a number of orders were issued for $1 each, to judges
and clerks who presided at the August election, and the day after a
resolution was recorded granting 75 cents per day to each grand and
petit juiyman who would be called to serve in court. On December 2,
1839, an order was issued for $2.50 to B. M. Jackson, to cover freight
and other charges on eleven record books, from Cincinnati, O., to
Stark county, and one for 75 cents for conveying seven record books
from La Fayette to Colonel Henderson's house was issued to Philip
Anshute.
The ilrst regular bridges over Spoon river on the Peoria and Galva
road were erected in the fall of 1839, L. S. Dorrance supplying the
lumber. In March, 1840, William Lyle was paid ij^l().50 for the origi-
nal book-case in clerk's office. At this session the following names
were bestowed on the five election precincts respectively, viz : No. 1,
Osceola, Wyoming, Massillon, La Fayette and C.entral. On March 7,
1840, Minot Silliman presented his account as follows: $L2C)8.7<) from
September !2, 1839, to date, including ^505.(50 of the internal improve-
ment fund ]iaid over by the Stai'k count}^ commissioners as agents for
Putnam county; contra jurors' certificates, $27; county orders paid
out, $528.49; commission, $n.lO; total expenditure, $5r)«).59 ; cash on
hand, $702.17. Henry P)reese was appointed collector of the county.
The iirst overseers of the ])Oor were appointed September 9, 1840, as
follows: William Mahany, Central township; Henry McClenahan, La
Fayette townshi]); Brady Fowler, Osceola township; Nehemiah ]\Ier-
ritt, Wyoming township. In October. 1840, a special election for jus-
tice of the peace was held in Massillon township, which cost the county
$5.50 judges' and clerks' fees. The total expenditures for the year
ending March 7, 1841, amounted to $l,2!ts.o2. and the total revenue,
incliuling balance from 1840, $2,111.00.
On July 12, 1841, John Dawson, P. V. Bergen and' AV. F. Elkin,
appointed under the act of February 27, 1841, to locate the county
seat of Stark county, made theii- repoi't, stating that on Afay 17, 1841.
they did locite the Town of Toulon as the county seat, on ninety rods
of land then owned by John Miller, being a ])art of the southwest
quarter of section 19. in townshi]) 13, noi'th, range 0, east, being twelve
rods east and twelve rods noi-th of the west and south boundaries of
the (piarter section ui)on the c(jndition that John AEiller execute to the
commissioners a good deed in fee sim])le for the tract. This de(Ml was
made July 28, 1841. by John and Mary Ann Millei", r(^s(M"ving only
such timber and shrubs, buildings, rails and fruit trees, to be removed
by him l)efore April 1. 1842, and hke property when the owner of any
lot shall commence buildino- on and enclosing'' the same. This {\iH'i\
was acknowledged by Joseph Peri-y. In Se[)tember, 1841, Heady
138 HISTORY OF STAKK COUNTY.
Fowler re})laced Calvin Winslow on the county board. The expendi-
tures for the year ending March 9, 1842, exceeded $1020, still leaving a
balance in favor of 1843 of $1,053.19.
Tlie commissioners in 1843 were AVm. Ogle, Brady Fowler and F.
AV. Emmery. In 1844, L. S. iJorrance took Wni. Ogle's ))lace; in 1845.
Joseph Palmer replaced Brady Fowler; in 1 846, Jefferson Trickle took
F. W. Emery's place; in 1847, James llolgate, Joseph Palmer and
Jefferson Trickle formed the Ijoard, and the last named with Theo. J.
Hurd and Thomas Lyle in 1848. They were the last commissioners
of Stark and its five precincts, Toulon, Osceola, Lafayette, Massillon,
and Wyoming.
During the year 1849 the commissioners' court was abolished and
the l)usiness of the county ])laced in charge of tlie county court.
James Holgate, deceased, was judge, and Wm. F. Thomas, slieriff. and
ex officio, collector of taxes. Calvin L. Eastman, Theo. F. Hurd and
Henry Breese were ap])ointed commissioners in r)eceml)er, 1852, to
divide the county into townships in accoidance with the act of Feb-
ruaiy 17, 1851, pi'oviding for townslii[) organizati(jn. One of tlie last
acts of the old board, June fi, 1853, was a resolution favoring $50,000
aid to the "Western Air Line Raih'oad. In August. 1853, 534 voters
sanctioned this aid, and 141 op]Mjsed tlie ]>roposition.
The justices of the ])eace holding office in 1849 were: W. W. Win-
slow. Dan. J. Ilurd. Walter M. Fuller. Isaac Thomas, ]\riles A. Fuller,
Jacob Young, John F. Thompson. James B. Lewis. John Miller. Wm.
Ogle. Alilton Eckley, JosejJi Catterlin. John Finley and Heri'ick A.
Ilalsey were elected in 1851; James Hathaway. Chas. C. Wilson and
John F. Thompson in 1852. -lauies llolgate was county judge, and
Oliver Whitaker notary public. The names of the pioneer justices
from the days of Squire Owens and St[uire Benjamin Smith down to
1806. are given in the marriage record, while from 1853 to the jiresent
time the I'ecord is given in the histories of the several townships.
The committee on division of the county re])orted in January, 1853.
the following names for seven of the eight divisions : Essex, Valley.
(Toslien, Toulon. Penn, Elmira and Osceola. The su])ervisors subse-
(piently chosen, were Lemuel Dixon, Charles C. Wilson, Lewis H.
Fitch. Calvin L. Eastman, James Holgate, Thomas Lyle and Bradford
Foster. AVest Jersey was subsequently organized in 1853, anti AV. AV.
AVebster elected first =;u]iprvisor. James Holgate was elected
first chairman of the board. -June 7. 1853. The committee above
named received $1.50 for their services, and the new organization was
completed. The justices elected in LS53 are named as follows : Alfi'ed
Fi-cemaii, Clins. B. Donalson. John Millei-, Jacob E. Jones, Hervey J.
Phodes. Henry Breese, John Snare. James Buswell. W. AL Fuller,
Isaac TJjonias, John Finley, Herrick P. Ilalsey. AVashington Trickle,
Jacob Young, Alex. Moncreif, James Holgate. county judge. From
1S54 to the ])resent time the names of sii])ervisors ;iiul justices are
given in the histories of the townships.
('ounty Bidldingfi. — The county courthouse and jail are noticed by
Mis. Shallenberger. thus: "The first courthouse, a plain wooden
sti'iictui'c built to meet present wants, was completed in 1S42. and
OKGANIZATION AND COMMISSIONERS' COUHT. 181)
served many important pur])oses for the county and town, not only as
a seat of justice, but sometimes as church and sclioolhouse too. The
old jail was built a year or so later, perhaps, in isl-t, by Ira Ward, Jr.;
a man from Knox county by the name of Hammond, doing the mason
work. This still serves to hold, rather insecurely, however, Stark
county criminals, and it can hardly be said ihat its accommodations or
management, reflect any great credit upon the county officials who
control this matter. The present courthouse is a substantial and well
proportioned brick edifice, with airy and convenient offices on the
first floor. Standing, as it does, on a square shaded by a fine growth
of young trees, it is a pleasant and comel}" picture foi' the eye to rest
upon ; one for which a good many of our citizens would be willing to
fight valiantly should its possession ever be seriously disputed — as
some see fit to predict. Tt was erected in ISSP) at a cost to the countv
of $12,000." On July 14, 1SS4, the l)id of J. Volk & Co. for imilding
a fire proof office structure for the county was accepted, and Messrs.
Caverly, Jordan and Armstrong were appointed a building committee.
This building contains the offices of the county clerk, circuit clerk and
treasurer onlv, the other offices with tlie court rotmi beino- in the old
building.
The Poor Farm. — In the notice of the old commissioners' court,
reference is made to the establishment of an almshouse. Mrs. Shallen-
berger, speaking of this institution, says : "The first county ])ooi'-house
was located a little noi'theast of Toulon, on what was long famibarly
known as ' Adam Perry's ])lace;' indeed, the house was but the old
residence enlarged, and ada])te(l in various ways to its new duties.
But tliis beino' deemed insufficient to meet the demands bable to be
made by the increase of })au})ers, as the county grew in years and
numbers, it was decided in ]S()8 to 1)U3" a larger farm, farther from
town, and to erect upon it a good, substantial and commodious ])()or-
house. Accordingly a ti-act of land described as the noi'theast cjuarter
of section 12, in township 12 north, range 5 east, in Stark county,
was purchased from Davis Lowman, at a cost of al)out $8,000, and
early in the following year i)reparations for building l)egan — the
committee in charge being (\ M. S. Tyons, J. 11. (^uinii and II. Shiv-
vers." Hewes A¥hite was appointed superintendent in March, 18()2.
The old poor-farm was sold June 27, 18(58, in lots of five and ten acres,
bringing $7,865. A few months ])rior to this the county ])urchased
from Davis Lowman 160 acres for $f),(»00, and on this the present
county j)oor-house stands. I'he biiihlings were erected l)y William
(laverly at a cost of $16,00(». In August, 1870, J. S. Green, superin-
tendent, reported nine inmates. Tewis Lacy died there. July 20, 1870,
in his 80th year. From f 80S to June. 188(). two hundred and two per-
sons were received into this institution. For a number of years Suj)er-
inteudent jMorrison has managed the house, and by methodical business
means placed it at th(^ pinnacle of all county charitable houses in the
state. In December, 1880, the house was destroyed by fire; no lives
were lost, l)ut the superintendent lost his personal property.
The index to legislativ(^ acts alfecting Stark county, tVoni |s;;i»to
ISO)!), is as follows: county formed, boundary and organization, L.
140
HISTOKV OF STARK COUNTV.
1889 (^ Mar.), 2ii9; locate county seat and extend county limits, after
vote, L. 1840 (1 Feb.), 62; share in internal improvement fund. Id. (29
Jan.\ ()5 : assessments for 1839 legalized, h\. (1 Fel).). 77; Toulon to
l)e county seat, L. 1841 (27 P^eb. ), 98; records made by B. Turner,
deputy of B. M. Jackson, legalized, L. 1845 (18. Feb.), 8(i4; township
from Henry and added to this county, vote thereon, L. 1849 (12 Feb.),
55; shee]) and swine not to run at large, L. 1855 (14 Feb.), 154; school
lands, T. 12. R. (>, sold by Isaac B. Essex, deeded by governor, L. 1851,
township law, L. 1853 (8 Feb.), 151; Osceola plat vacated, Pr. L. 1855
(14 Feb.), 46; Wyoming chartered, 2 Pr. L. 1865 (16 Feb.), 642; Tou-
lon chartered, Pr. L. 1859 (11 Feb.), 688; amendment, offenders com-
mitted, 2 Pr. L. 1865 (16 Feb.), 583; Washington street partly vacated,
Pr. L. 1847 (2() Feb.), 2(i4; same, Pr. L. 1851 (28 Jan.), 18;'coimtv to
sell town lots, Pr. laws 1849 (12 Feb.), 133, and Pr. L. 1855 (14 Feb.),
526; Toulon Lodge No. 93 A. F. and A. M. chartered, Pr. L. 1853 (lo
I'"el).), 569 ; trustees First Baptist cliurch. acts legalized. Pr. L. 1859
(12 Feb.), 33; supervisoi's sell seminary, 1 Pr. L. 1867 (^18 Feb.) 4.
CHAPTEK YII.
POLHICAL HISTORY.
OLITK'S, or the science of government, occupies a first
])]ace in the estimation of all free peoples, and of those wlio
would be fi'ee, even as it does in that of the governing-
classes of countries where little or no freedom exists.
Fnder our own Hag, in every county and nuniici})ality in
the Union, ])olitics is an ever-recurring subject. For this
reason a large sjmce is devoted to this chapter, and the
folh)wing summar}" of the history of conventions inti'o-
duced. Previous to 1796 the nominations for President
and A'ice President were entirely in the hands of the
Electoral College: subsecjuently. tlie nominating ])ower
became one of the pi'ivileges of the sevei'al [)arties in
Cono-ress. Georo-e Washiiit>ton was nominated as the first
President without any formality of convention in 1788. It
is, ])erhaps, forgotten that John Adams had nearly half as many votes
in the Electoral ("olle"'e. Washini'ton was renominated for a second
term in 1792, but not without consideral)le o])position. Probably
most I'eaders of this o-eneratioii do not Icnow that in the first Electoral
College the names of Lincoln and Harrison wei-e presented as rival
canditlates for election. K H. Harrison, of Maryland, received six
votes; and Benjamin Lincoln, of Massachusetts, one vote. The sharp
contrast between the method of nominating candidates now and in
the early da\'s of the Ke]nil)lic is shown l)y the following sketch of
the contest for the Presidency in isoo; The method, as the Constitu-
POLITICAL HISTORY. 141
tion then stood, of voting for two candidates without distinction as to
the office for which they were intended — the one receiving the highest
number of votes to be President — furnished pecuhar facihties for
quietly displacing Adams without seeming to make any open attack
ujion him; and even without tlie necessitv that more than a limited
numljer of influential politicians should be in the secret. The names
of Adams and Pinckney being brought forward in a private caucus of
the Federal members of Congress held for the purpose of agreeing
upon candidates to be supported by the party, it was recommended
pretty unanimously that both should be voted for equally ; but the
opponents of Adams secretly hoi)ed that means might be found to
secure Pinckney the larger vote. A similar caucus of the opposition
members selected as their candidates Thomas Jefferson and Aaron
Burr — with the distinct understanding, however, that Jefferson was
the choice of the party for President. Both these caucuses were held
with profound secrec}^ — this sort of dictation being not yet recognized
as a part of the institutions of the country. Their proceedings, instead
of being formally reported, were communicated to local leaders by
letters.
In 1804, for the first time, the electors balloted separately for
President and Vice-President, Jefferson being chosen by the adminis-
tration party, and Charles C. Pinckney by the Federalists. In 1808 a
Democrat ic-Pepublican congressional caucus nominated Madison, and
a Federalist, Charles C. Pinckney. In 1812 a congressional caucus
renominated Madison, while an op])osition caucus at New York
selected DeWitt Clinton. In 1810 Monroe received the nomination
of the Democratic-Republican congressmen, and liufus King, of the
Federalist caucus. In 1820 the power of the caucus waned, failed,
and Monroe was reelected. In 1824 Crawford, nominee of a congress-
ional caucus, failed, and the revolt against the system threw the onus
of nomination on State legislatures. C'la}^ Jackson, and J. Q. Adams
were nominated, and the latter was ultimately elected b}" vote of the
House. In 1828 Jackson was nominated bv the Tennessee Legislature,
and Adams by the National Eepulilicans. Two years later the Anti-
Masons' C(nivention was called, met in September, 1831, at Phila-
delphia, and nominated William Wirt for President. In December
the National Repuljlicans nominated Clay at Baltimore, and the
national nominating convention was at last a fact. Since 1830 the
national convention has grown in popular favor, until in our own
time it forms a meeting that claims the attention of the whole world.
In the following record of elections mention is made of the candidates
for President, and the vote each received in this county.
Prec'incf Ehti'ions. — The election of 1839 for precinct No. 4 was
held at T. J. Ilurd's house, when fifty-five voters were ])resent. The
August elections for justice of the peace resulted in the choice of Silas
Picliards. Israel Cummins was elected constable. The election of
1830 for district No. 2 was held at James Holgate's Ijouse. Forty-four
votes were recorded for county officers. The election of township
officers resulted in the choice of Washington Trickle and John Finley,
justices, and Lewis Finch, constable. The elections of 1839 for pre-
9
142 ITISTOKY OF STARK COUNTY.
cinct Xo. 5. at the house of Wm. II. Henderson, resulted in the choice
of Wm. Mahoney and Joseph Perrv, justices, and David Gwinn, con-
stable. In September, David Gwinn, or Gwire. was elected justice.
In precinct No. 1. fifty-three voters Avere of record. Wm. Parks and
James Buswell received equal votes for justice, and Nicholas Sturm
was elected constable. In September, Wm. Pai'ks was elected over
BusweU b}^ six votes.
County Elections. — The first general election after organization was
held August 5, 1839. For some months prior to election day the
county was kept at fever heat not only by the democrats and whigs,
as distinct parties, but by sectional and personal influences Avithin each
partv. An account of the condition of the county at that time is given
in chapter Y. In the following pages a complete record of elections
is given :
August 5, 1839: Commissioner — Calvin Winslow, w.. 120; Jonathan
Hodgeson. d., 224; William Ogle, d., 116; Calvin Powell. ^\., 10; Stephen
Trickle, d'., 114. Clerk— Oliver Whitaker. d.. 98: Adam Perry, av., 31:
Eobert McClennahan, w., 85. Treasurer — Minott Sihinian, d., 150; Enoch
Cox, w., 71. SnrAeyor — Josej^h C. Averv, 72; J. W. Agard. d., 2; Charles
H. Miner, w., 73; Carson Berfield, d., 7G. Judge— John Miller, d., 109;
Augustus Eichards, w.. 37. Eecorder — Jesse Heatli, d., 109: B. M. Jack-
son, d., 114.
August 3. 1840: Commissioner — William Ogle, d., 184; Ste])hen
Trickle, d., 104. SherifE— John Finley. d., ICO; Samuel Butler, av.,'130.
Coroner — Adam Day, d., 178; Moses Boardman, il., 24; James Holgate,
d., 29; B. Essex, d., i. Eepresentative — Elisha Swan, d., 103; W. H.
Henderson, w., 139.
November 2, 1840: President — W. H. Harrison, av., 187: Martin
Van Buren, d., 154.
April 19, 1841: County seat — For location, 202; against location, 65.
August 2, 1841: Congress — James. H. Ealston, d.. 140: .Tolin T.
Stuart, Av., 130. Commissioner — Brady FoAvler, d., 138; AV. ^^'. A^'ebster,
w. , 124; Calvin AVinsloAV, av., 6. School commissioner — Samuel Camp, d.,
i3: Benjamin Turner, d., 65; Charles H. ]\Iiner, w., 122.
August 1, 1842: Governor — Thomas Ford d.. 189; Joseph Duncan,
AV., 152. Lt. -governor — John ^loore. d., 183; W. H. Hejiderson, av., 133.
State senator, \Ym. H. Thompson, d. 173; Charles Ballance, av.. 154. Eep-
resentative — B. ^I. Jackson, d.. 188: Henry Breese, w.. 155: Cyrus Lang-
Avorthy, 119. Con. conA'ention — For convention, 288: against convention,
27. Sheriff — John Finley. d., 220; LeAvis Perry, av., 105. Coroner —
Adam Day, d., 180; Liberty Stone, av.. 10(i. Commissioner — Jonathan
Hodgeson d., 140; scattering. 2.
October 31. 1842: Sheriff— John Finlev, d., 80; J. K. McClennahan,
w.. 4.
August 7, 1843: Congress— J. P. Hoge. d., 160; Cyrus Walker, w.,
180; Matthew Chambers, 13. School commissioner — Charles II. ^liner,
AV., 176; William F. Thomas, d.. 155. Probate justice — Jonathan Hodge-
son, d., 1G4; Thomas Hall. d.. 139. Commissioner — Lemuel S. Dorrance,
AV., 187: Joseph Palmer, d., 170. Clerk— Oliver Whitaker, d.. 185; Jesse
Heath, d.. 165. Eecorder — J. W. Heiiderson, w., 195; Benjamin Turner,
(1.. 101. Treasurer— Minott Sillinuin. d., 302; Sylvester Schofield, 0.
Surveyor — Carson Berfield. d., 258; Charles H. ^Miner. av., 33.
POLITICAL HISTORY. 143
August 5, 1844: Congress — Joseph P. Hoge, d., 215; Martin B.
Sweet, w., 178; John Crass, a., 33. Commissioner — Joseph Palmer, cL,
200; Harry Hays, w., 189; Hugh Rhodes, a., 27. Representative — B. M.
Jackson, d.. Bureau, 22G; C. H. Miner, w., Peoria, 144; W. W. Webster,
a., Stark, 31. Representative — Benjamin L. Smith, d., Bureau, 203,
Harvey Hadley, w., Peoria, 173; Lazarus Reeves, a.. Stark, 6. Slieriff —
John W. Henderson, w., 201; John Finley, d., 198; W. W. Winslow, a.,
29. Coroner— John Miller, d., 193; M. S. Hubl)ard, w., 183; Liberty
Stone, a., 28.
November, 4_, 1844: Presideut— J. K. Polk, d., 206; Henry Clay, w.,
187; James G. Birney, a., 33.
August 4, 1845: Commissioner — Jefferson Trickle, d., 145; W. W.
Webster, a., 28; Scliool commissioner — James B. Lewis, d., 172; CM.
Garfield, d., 29; Hugh Rhodes, a., 17.
August 3, 181(3: Governor— Augustus C. French, d., 217; Thos. M.
Kilpatrick, w., 205; Richard Eells, a., 59. Lt. governor — J. B. Wells,
d., 218; N. G. AVilcox, w., 204; Abram Smitli, a., 59. Congress —
Thomas J. Turner, d., 220; James Knox, w., 207; Wait Talcott, a., 57.
Senator— Peter Sweet, d., 214; L. B. Knowlton, w., 196; Moses Pettin-
gill, a., 58. Representative, Bureau, Peoria and Stark — Thomas Epper-
son, d., 210; R. E. Thompson, w., 207; Albert G. Porter, a., 58. Repre-
sentative, Bureau and Stark — Sauiuel Thomas, d., 184; Theodore F. Hurd,
w., 227; Augustus A. Dunn, a., 60. Sheriff — J. W. Henderson, w.,
264; Benjamin Turner, d?, 173; Henry J. Rhodes, a., 32. Commissioner
— James Holgate, d., 222; Myrtle G. Brace, w., 207; Giles C. Dana, a.,
50. Coroner— Philip Anschutes, d., 217; E. M. Garfield, d., 192; Lib-
erty Stone, a., 52.
April, 1847: Constitutional Convention — B. M. Jackson, d., 154;
George H. Shaw, 11; Henry D. Palmer, w., 92; Hugh Rhodes, a., 23.
August 2, 1847: Conimissioner — Thomas Lyle, d., 213; H. R. Hal-
sey, w., 200; W. AV. Webster, a., 19. Clerk — T. J. Henderson, w., 231;
James B. Lewis, d., 212. Recorder — Samuel G. Butler, w., 223; John
Berfield, d., 203. Treasurer — Minott Silliman, d., 223; John Miller, d.,
173; Joseph Blanchard, a., 49. Probate Judge — S. W. Eastman, d., 182;
Thomas Hall, d., 138; Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 49. Surveyor — Carson Ber-
field d., 316; William Buswell, a., 40. School Commissioner — James B.
Lewis, d., 278; Samuel G. AYright, a., 87.
March 6, 1848: j^ew Constitution — For, 233; against, 84. Article
on colored perscms — For, 148; against, 135. Two mill tax — For, 250;
against, 54.
August 7. 1848: Governor — Augustus C. French, d., 246; J. L. D.
Morrison, w.. 36; Charles V. Dyer, a., 57. Lieutenant Governor — Will-
iam McMurtry, d., 243; Pierre" Menard, 36; Henry H. Snow, 56. State
Secretary — Horace C. C!orley, d., 241; L. C. Payne Freer, 55; Levi Davis,
31. Auditor — Benjamin E. Vail, 54; Milton Carjoenter, d., 243; Enoch
Moore, 31. Congress — Joseph B. Wells, d., 224; E. D. Baker, w.,
220; Joseph C^all, f. s., 39. Senator— R. H. Spicer, d., 229; John
Denny, w., 216; Joseph Jackman, f. s., 37. Representative — Lemuel
Andrews, d., 216; AVilliam Bailev, w., 223, Harvev J. Rhodes, a., 40.
Commissioner — Theodore F. Hurd, w.. 239; Milton Atherton, d., 211; W.
W. Webstei'. a., 34. Slieriff — John Finley, d., 231; C. M. S. Lyon, w.,
225; Giles C. Dana, a., 24. Coroner — William Ciuimberlain, w., 226;
John A. Williams, d., 186; Liberty Stone, a., 35.
144 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
September 4, 1848: Supreme Judge — John D. Caton, cL, 200; Jesse
B. Thomas, w., 55. Clerk of Supreme Court- — Lorenzo Lehind, w., 206;
John M. Mitchell, d., 14. Judge of Circuit Court — Benjamin F. Frid-
lev, d., 133; Theoplins L. Dickey, w., 130: Onslow Peters, d., 10. States
Attorney — Burton C. Cook, d., 179; Edward S. Holbrook, d., 38.
Circuit Clerk — Oliver Whitaker, d.. 199; Jefferson Winn, d., 49; N. W.
Khodes, w., 12.
I*sovEMBER, 7, 1848: President — Taylor, w., 214; Cass, d., 174; Van
Buren, f . s., 84.
December 23, 1848: Eepresentative — John Henderson, w., 218;
Barnabas Jackson, d.. 130.
April 14, 1849: Prcuitc Justice — Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 105; Philij)
J. Anschutes. d.. 10: Jonathan Hodgeson, d., 45. Adding Township
14-5 — For, 172; against, 7. Adding S i of 14-5 — For, 154; against, 19.
November G, 1849: County Judge — James Holgate, d., 26G; Harvey
J. Rhodes, a., 127. Additional Justice — James B. Lewis, d., 231;
AVilliam Ogle, d., 238: Herrick P. Halsey, w., 189: Henry Breese, w.,
157. County Clerk — T. J. Henderson, w., 245; Edward K. Wilson, d.,
178. Treasurer — Benjamin Turner, d., 219; Samuel C. Butler, w., 194.
Surveyor — Carson Bertield. d.. 325; James Egbert, d., 25. School Com-
missioner — Samuel CI. Wright, a.. 199; M. Shallenberger, d., 189.
Township Organization — For, 103; against, 103.
January, 14, 1850: Circuit Judge — Onslow Peters, d., 193: William
Kellogg. Av., 131. States Attorney — Aaron Tyler jr., 156; Lewis W.
Ross, 115; Harmon C. Reynolds, 46; John T. Lindsay, 3.
November 5, 1850: State Treasurer — John Moore, 160; Ebenezer
Fuller, 23. Congress — Thompson Campbell, 157: Martin P. Sweet, 123.
Representative — James M. Allan, w., 122; W. W. Drummond, d.. 137.
Sheritf— William F. Thomas, d., 142; Stephen G. Worley, w.,' 129.
Coroner — Minott Silliman, d., 166; Hiram Nance, w.. 100.
November 4. 1851: Bank Law — For. 172; agiiinst, 118. State Sen-
ator — Samuel Webster, w., 161; Reuben H. Spicer, d., 154. Treasurer
— Benjamin Tui'ner, d., 264; six others, 13. Surveyor — Carson Berfield,
d., 256; eight others, 11. School Commissioner — Samuel G. Wright, a.,
152; T. J." Henderson, w.. 26: G. A. Clifford, w., 30.
November 2, 1852: President — Pierce, d,, 350; Scott, w., 336;
Hale, f.s.,82. Governor — Joel A. Mattison, d., 357; Edwin B. AVebb., w.,
338; D. A. Knowlton, f. s., 73; Lt. Governor — Gustavus Koerner, d.,
356; James L. D. Morrison, av.. 338; Philo Carpenter, f. s., 73. State
Secretary — Alexander Starne, d., 356; Buekner S. Morris, av., 337;
Erastus Wright, f. s., 72. Auditor — Thomas H. Campbell, d., 356;
Charles Betts, av., 339 ; E. J. Smith, f. s., 71. Treasurer — John Moore,
d., 357 ; Francis Arenz, w., 343 ; Moses Pettingill, f. s., 53. Senate —
Benj . Graham, d., 358; Samuel Webster, av., 337; Geo. A. Clifford, f.
s., 64. Legislature — Wm. Marshall, jr.. d., 358; James M. Allan, w.,
384. Congress — Lewis W. Ross, d.. 361 : James Knox, w.,338 ; L. W.
Curtis, f. s., 71. Court Judge — H. M. Wead. d., 362; H. 0. Mevri-
man, w., 318: Elisha N. Powell, av.. 59. States Attornev — E. G.
Johnson. d..418 : Geo. W. Stipp, w., 34(i. Sheriff— Clinton "Fuller, w.,
359 ; John Berfield, d.. 356 ; Joseph Blanchard, f. s., 49. Court Clerk
— Milton Ecklev, av., 269 ; Jefferson AVinn, d., 298 ; Oliver AAHiitaker, i..
192. Coroner — Ebenezer Fuller, d., 330; David MeCauce, d.. 369;
Amos Hodgeson, d.. 52. Associate Judge John F. Thompson, d., 355 ;
Herrick R. Halsev, w., 334; Harvey J. Rhodes, a., 65.
rOLITICAL IIISTOHY. 145
Marci] 14, 1S53 : Court Judge — Onslow Peters, d., 175; Elihu X.
Powell, w., 4o ; Jonatlian K. Cooper, av., 00.
August 13, 1853 : P. P. Sub. — For, 534 ; ugaiust, 141.
November 8, 1853 : County Judge — James Holgate, d., 237; Her-
rick P. Halsey, w., 236 ; Harvey J. Phodes, a., 9. Clerk — Milton War-
ren, d., 240 ; "Miles A. Fuller, w., 268. Treasurer — Benj. Turner, d.,
246; Davis Lowman, w., 255. Surveyor — Sylvester F. Otman, d., 264;
James Perry, Av.. 237. School Commissioner — S. CI. Wright, a., 218 ;
Lucius E. Miner, \v., 110.
April 4, 1854 : 'I'ownship organization — For, 389 ; against, 104.
November, 1854: Congress — William McMurtry, cl., 213; James
Knox, w., 300. Senate — John Moore, d., 233 ; Janies Miller, w., 272.
Pepresentative — Henry Grove, w., 347 ; T. J. Henderson, w., 395 ; Wni.
S. Moss, d., 182; Alexander Moncrief, d., 237. Sheriff — David
McCance, d., 248; Joseph Blanchard. w.. 327. Coroner— Minott Silli-
man, d., 251 ; Luther S. Milliken, w., 348.
JuxE 4. 1855 : Suppress intemperance — For, 428 ; against, 359. Su-
preme Judge — John Dean Caton, d., 749; E. S. Leland, w., 29.
Supreme Court Clerk — Lorenzo Leland, w., 425. Circuit Judge —
Onslow Peters, d., 42 L ; Elihu N. Powell, w., 334.
November 6,1855. Treasurer — Davis Lowman, av., 237; Mathew
B. Parks, d., 136. Surveyor — Sylvester F. Otman, f. s., 285; James
C. Egbert, d., 63. School Commissioner- P. C. Dunn, a., 381; C.
M. S.Lyon, w., 67.
April 1, 1856: Circuit Judge — Jacob Gale, d., 372; scattering, 98.
Novi:mber 4, 1856: President — Buchanan, d., 353; Fremont, r.,
718; Filmore, Am., 152. Governor — Wm. A. Pichardson, d.,352; Wm.
H. Bissell, r., 747; Buckner S. Morris, Am., 128. Lt. Governor — -P.
J. Hamilton, d., 356 ; John Wood, r., 749 ; Parmenas Bond, Am., 128.
State Secretary — Wm . H. Snyder, d., 357; Ozias M. Hatch, r., 744;
Wm. H. Young, Am., 128. Auditor — Samuel K. Casey, d., 356; Jesse
K. Dubois, r., 744. State Treasurer — John Moore, d., 357; James Mil-
ler, r., 870. Supei'iutendent of Instruction — J. H. S. Mathews, d., 355;
Wm . H. Powell, r., 744; Ezra Jenkins, Am., 128. Congress — James
W. Davidson, d., 465; AVm. Kellogg, r., 757. State Senate — John
Dickson, d., 436 ; T. J. Henderson, r., 767. Pepresentative — Wm . S.
Moss, (1., 339; M. Sliallenberger, d., 458; John T. Lindsay, r., 747: Cal-
vin L. Eastman, r., 726. Circuit Judge — Elihu N. Powell, r., 786;
Amos Merriman, d., 80. States Attorney — Joseph AV. Parker, d., 466;
Alexander McCoy, r., 760. Sheriff — William Lownum. d., 588; Henry
.]3reese, r., 615. Clerk — Jefferson Winn, r., 807; Milton Dwire, d., 406.
Coroner — Benj. Hilliard, 742; John P. Atherton, r., 472. Constitu-
tional Convention — For, 1,008; against, 133.
November 3, 1857: Countv Judge — Jamo^; Holgafe, d., 264; John
Finley, r., 396; C. W. Young, Am., 78. Cler>' — Warluim Mordoff, d.,
190; Miles A. Fuller, r., 479; Jas. G. Armstjoug, Am., ',2. Treasurer
— William Lownum, d., 275; Davis Lowmaii. r., 3 70; ISIathan Snare,
Am., 97. School (Commissioner — P. C. Dunn, r., 424; James Fergu-
son, Am., 74; Charles Mvers, d.. 229. Surveyor — Sylvester F. Otman,
r., 404; John H. Anthony, d., 238; B. F. Fuller, Am.. 94.
November 2. 1858: State Treasurer— James ]\[iller. r., 933; Wm. F.
Fondey, d., 589; John Dougherty, d., 2. Superintendent Instruction — New-
ton Bateman,r ., 933; August C . French, d ., 588; John Reynolds, d., 2. Con-
146 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
gress — Wm . Kellogg, r . , 929 ; James A\' . Davidson, d . , 584: Jacob Gale, d . ,
8. Eejjresentative — Thomas C. ]\[oore, r., 930; Myrtle G. Brace, r., 930;
Jacob Jamison, d., 585; Ebon C. Ingersoll. d., 583; ^Mathew McReynolds,
d., G: Wash. Corrington, d., 4. Sheriff — Oliver P. Emery, r., 543;
Mark Blanchard, d.. 511; Benj. F. Fnller, i., 408. Coroner — Benj. L.
Hilliard, r., 930; Henry M. Hall, d., 588.
NoYEMBER 1,1859: Treasurer — Win. Lowman, d.,445: Hugh Rhodes,
r., 466. Surveyor — S. F. Otman, r., 485: J. H. Anthony, d., 425. School
Commissioner — R. C. Dunn, r., 511; Wm. H. Butler, d,, 401.
NoYEMBER 6, 1860: Constitutional Convention — For, 1,481: Against,
59. President — Lincoln, r., 1.1G4: Douglas, d., 059; Bell, 23. Governor
— James C. Allen, d., 671; Richard Yates, r,, 1,167; Wm. Brown, 8.
Lieutenant-Governor — Lewis W. Ross, d., 673; F. A. Hoifman, r., 1,164;
H. C. Blackburn, 8, State Secretary — Geo. H. Campbell, d., 673; Ozias
]\I. Hatch, r., 1,172. Auditor — Bernard Artzen, d., 673; Jesse K. Dubois,
r., 1,172. State Treasurer — Hugh Malier, d., 673 ; Wm. Butler, r. ,
1,172. Superintendent Instruction — Edward R. Roe, d., 673; Xewton
Bateman. r., 1,172. Congress — R. G. Ingersoll, d., 672; Wm. Kellogg,
r., 1,174.' State Senate — Albert C. Mason, d., 673; Thomas J. Pickett,
r., 1.172. Rejjresentative — John T. Lindsay, d., 669; Jacob Jamison, d.,
671; E. S. Johnson, r., 1,172; Theodore Hurd, r., 1,173. State's Attor-
ney — Henrv B. Hopkins, d.."674; Alexander McCov. r., 1,170. Circuit
Clerk — Theo. A. Foreman, d., 698; P. M. Blair, r., 1,128. Sheriff —
Ephraim Marklev, d., 710; Elisha Greenfield, r., 1,123. Coroner — Henrv
M. Hall, d., 680': Jerome B. Thomas, r., 1,160.
JuxE 3, 1861: Circuit Judge — Elihu X. Powell, r., 219; Amos L.
Merriman, d.. 111. Clerk Supreme Court — Lorenzo Leland, r., 180;
David L. Hough, d., 141.
NoYEMBER 5, 1861: Specie Basis — For, 7; Against, 566, Delegate
Constitutional Convention — Thos. J. Henderson, r.,476: Julius Manning,
d., 153; jSTorman Purple, d., 73. County Judge — David McCance, d.,
534; John Finley, r., 19. County Clerk — Miles A. Fuller, r., 525. Treas-
urer — AVilliam Lowman, d., 546. School Commissioner — Charles ^Myers.
d., 260; ]Sr. F. Atkins, r., 314. Surveyor — William Xowlan, d., 505;
James C. Egbert, r., 53.
JuxE 17, 1862: Xew Constitution — For, 485; Against. 993. Art.
on Bank, etc. — For, 529; Against. 916. Sec. 1. Xegroes— For. 715:
Against, 693. Sec. 2, Xegroes— For, 1,382; Against, 39. Sec. 3, Xe-
groes — For, 1,072; Against. 237. Congressional Apportionment — For.
482; Against, 955.
iSi^OYEMBER 4, 1862; State Treasurer — Wm. Butler, r., 801; Alexan-
der Starne, d., 566. Superintendent Instruction — Xewton Bateman, r.,
801; John P. Brooks, d.. 565. Congress — E. C. Ingersoll, r.. 815;
James C. Allen, d., 544. Congress — Owen Lovejoy, r., 564; T. J. Hen-
derson, u., 763; Benj. Graham, d., 28. State Senate — Mark Bangs, r.,
794; John T. Lindsay, d.. 564. Representatives — Enoch Emery, r.,
777; Calvin L. Eastman, r., 796; Wm. W. O'Brien, d., 545; James Hol-
gate, d., 590. Sheriff — B. Frank Fuller, r., 703; Thos. W. Ross. d..
650. Coroner — Jeffrev A. Coolev, r.. 743: Theo. Bacmeister. d.. 682.
XoYEMBER 3, 1863: ' Treasurer— C. M.S. Lyon. r.. 695; R. J. Dick-
enson, d., 206. Surveyor — Henry Oliver, r.. 693; John H. Anthony, d.,
208. School Commissioner — X. F. Atkins, r., 697; Robert S. Barr. d.,
210.
POLITICAL HIST()K^'. 147
November 17, 1SG3: Circuit Judge — M. Sluilk'iil)ergei\ d., 443; M.
AV illiuuLsoiu v., 887.
XovKMBEU 8. 1864: JVesideiit — Geo. B. McClell.m, d., 013; A. Lin-
coln, r.. 1,174. (lovenior — rlumes C. liobinson. d.. 014; li. J. Oglesby,
r., 1,174. Lieuteuiint-Govenior — S. Corning Jndd.. d.. 014; AVilliam
Bross, v., 1,173. Secretary State — Wm. A. Turney, d., 014; Sharon
Tyndale, r., 1,174. Auditor — John Hise, d., 614;'0. H. Miner, r.,
1,174. Treasurer — Alexander Starne, d., 014; J. II. Beveridge, r.,
1.174. Sujierintendent Instruction — John P. Brooks, d., 614; Newton
liatenian, r., 1,174. Congress at Large ^ — -James C. Allen, d., 614; Sam-
uel W. Moulton. r., 1,174. Congress — James S. Eckles. d., 613; E. C.
Ingersoll. r., 1,174. Kepresentative — AVm . Ronnseville, d.. 01:5; .lacol)
-Jamieson, d., 012; Alex. McCoy, r., 1,173; R. (.-. Dunn, v., 1,17<).
State's Attorney — Geo . E. Ford, d., Oil; Chas. P. Taggert, r., 1,174.
Sheriff — James Nowlan, d., 014; Jolin M. Brown, r., 1,100. Circuit
Clerk — Chas. Mvers, d., 009; P. :\[. Blair, r., 1,17!». Coroner — H. M.
Hall, d., 014; John F. Rhodes, r., 1,170.
May 7, 1864 : Congress.— E. C. Ingersoll, r. 871 ; Hezekiah M. Wead,
d., 400.
June 0, 1864 : Supreme Judge. — Charles B. Lawrence, r., 483 ; scat-
tering, 14.
November 7, 1805 : County Judge. — Hugh Rhodes, r., 358. Clerk —
M. A. Fuller, r., 363. Treasurer— R. J. liickinson, r., 366. Supt. of
Schools— B. G. Hall, r., 300. Surveyor— Edwin Butlei', i-., 370.
November 0, 1800: State Treasurer — George W. Smith, r., 1,293;
Jesse J. Philips, d., 585. Supt. Instruction — Newton Bateman. r., 1,294;
J. M. Crebs, d., 585. Congress at Large. — John A. Logan, r., 1,292; T.
D. Dickey, d., 585. Congress — E. C. Ingersoll, r. , 1,280 ; Silas Ramsey, d.,
585. State Senate— G. L. Fort, r., 1,292; W. E. Cook, d., 585. Repre-
seutativQ— S. F. Otman, r., 1,289 ; Thos. C. Moore, r.. 1,291 ; Wm. T. Dow-
dall, d., 584; J. M. Rogers, d., 585. Sheriff— Jesse Likens, r,, 1,277; Cy-
rus N. Anthony, d., 590. Coi'oiier — John Finley, r., 1,292; David Fast,
Jr., d., 579.
June 3, 1867: Clerk Supreme Court— W. M. Taylor, r., 575; S. J.
McFadden, d., 8. Circuit Judge- S. I). Puterbaugh, r.,'437 ; H. M. Wead.
d., 209; J. K. Cooper, i., 21.
November 5, 1807: Keeping up Stock — For, 005; against, 401.
Treasurer — R. J. Dickinson, r., 705 ; Patrick Nowlan, d., 327. Survevor
—Edwin Butler, r., 058; John H. Anthony, d., 328.
November 3. 1808: President— Seymour, d., 705; Grant, r., 1,394.
Governor — John R. Eden, d., 719 ; John M. Palmer, r., 1,381. Lieutenant
Governor^ — Wm. H. Van Epps, d., 717; John Dougherty, r,, 1,381. Sec-
retary of State — G. Van Horebeke, d., 713; Edward Rummel, r., 1,384.
Auditor — John R. Shannon, d., 716; Charles E. Lippincott, r., 1,377.
State Treasurer— Jesse J. Phillips, d.. 716; Erastus N. Bates, r., 1,382.
Attorney-General— Robert E. Williams, d., 716 ; Wash. J^ushnell, r., 1,381.
Penitentiary Commissioners — J. W. Connet, d., 716; W. M. Gai'rard, d.,
710; Calneli Zarley, d., 710; Andrew Shuman, r. , 1,382; John Reid, r. ,
1,382 ; Robt. E. Logan, r., 1,383. Congress at Large— W. W. O'lirien, d.,
715; John A. Logan, r., 1,382. Congress— John N. Niglas, d., 717; E.
C. Ingersoll, r., 1,351 ; Samuel Dorr, t., 3. Board of Equalization — Wm.
French, d., 615; Ela H. Clapp, r., 1,380. Constitutional Convention —
For, 582; Against, 664. States Attorney — J. W. Cochran, d., 720; Chas.
148 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
P. Taggart^ r., 1,301. RepresentatiA^e — Patrick Xowlan, d,. 'ioS; Ileury
Truitt, d., 731 ; B. F. Thompson, r., 1,352 ; W. E. Phelps, r., 1,360.
Circuit Clerk — Wm. Lowman, tl., 768 ; John M. Brown, r.. 1,302. Sheriff
— C. P. Jackson, d., 726: S. M.Adams, r., 1,365. Coroner — Wm. Brad-
ley, d., 716; Thomas Hall, r., 1,376.
]S^0VEMBER 2, 1869 : Constitutional Convention — Ilenrv N. Wells, r.,
704; M. A. Fuller, r., 723; Henry Grove, d., 260; M. Shallenberger, d.,
274. County Judge — Hugh Rhodes, r., 600 ; James Snare, i., 273. Countv
Clerk— Oliver Whitaker, r., 737; Thos. J. Wright, d., 234. Treasurer—
R. J. Dickinson, r. . 706: Benj. A. Newton, i., 254. Superintendent of
Schools— B. G. Hall, r., 681 ; John W. Agard, d., 280. Survevor— Edwin
Butler, r., 702; J. H. Anthony, d., 268.
July 2, 1870 : New Constitution — For. 609 ; Against, 65.
November 8, 1870: State Treasurer— E. N. Bates, r., 768: Charles
Ridglv, d., 494; R.J. Hammond, t., 3. Penitentiary Commissioners —
Elmer Washburn, r., 767; Casper Butz, r., 767: Frank T. Sherman, d., 494;
Thomas Redman, d., 493 ; J. F. Simson, t., 3 ; Josej^h Smith, t., 3. Sujaer-
intendent of Public Instruction — Carl Feinse, d., 495 : Newton Bateman,
r., 762 ; D. AVilkins, t., 3. Sheriff— S. M. Adams, r., 665 ; E. B. Lyon, d.,
581. Coroner — P. P. Johnson, r., 490; James Culbertson, i., 406; Madi-
son Winn, d., 348. State Senate. — Lucien H. Kerr, r., 691 ; Mark Bangs,
r., 766; J. W. Cochran, d., 514; W. E. Cook, d., 494; Lucien E. Kerr,
error, 49. Representative — M. A. Fuller, r., 759; James M. Rogers, d.,
496. Congress at Large — John A, Logan, r. , 763, Wm. B. Anderson, d.,
495; J. AV. Nicholson, t., 3. Congress— E. C. Ingersoll, r., 547; B. N.
Stevens, d., 586; F. B. Ives, t., 63.
November 7, 1871 : Congress at Large — John L. Beveridge, r., 640 ;
Samuel S. Hays, d., 343. Surveyor — Edwin Butler, r. . 615; John An-
thony, d., 351. Treasurer — R. J. Dickinson, r., 489; Geo. Nicholas, d.,
486; Alex. Hepperly, i., 5.
November 5, 1872: President — Grant, r., 1218; Greeley, 1. r., 606:
O'Connor, d., 5. Governor — R. J. Oglesby, r., 1217; Gustavus Koerner,
1. r., i]6o; Sidney Creese, d., 5. Lieutenant Governor — J. L. Beverage,
r., 1221; Charles Black, 1. d., 663; S. B. Allen. 6; B. S. Storrs, d., 5.
Secretary of State — Geo. H. Harlow, r.. 1218; Edward Rummel, 1. r.,
664; J. W. Wallace, 7; Ethan Sutton, d., 5. Auditor — C. E. Lippen-
cott, r.,1192; Daniel O'Harra, 1. d., 670; 0. E. Burch, 6; C. H. Weit-
man, d., 5. State Treasurer — Edward Rutz, r., 1220; C. H. Lanphier, 1.,
664; Geo. Dietrich, 7; Henrv West, d., 4. Attornev General — Jas. K.
Edsall, r., 1219: John Y. Eustace. 1. d., 663; John 6. Robinson, 7: Geo.
A. Meach, d., 4. Board of Equalization — Rufus W. Miles, r.. 1,222;
Samuel P. Marshall, 1. d., 669. Clerk of Supreme Court — C^ario D.
Trimble, r., 1223; Eli Smith, ]., 664; J. K. Malburn, d., 5. Congress
— N. E. AVorthington, 1. r., 677; Granville Barrere, r., 1210; J. H.
Nicholas, d., 4. State Senate — L. B. AVhiting, r.. 1213: Milo Ken-
dall, 1., 668. Representative — Cvrus lioeock, r., 1864: Joab R. A[ul-
vane, r., 1834i^; M. R. De^^■e\, 1. r., 1946+. Circuit Clerk — J. M.
Brown, r., 1144; H.J. Cosgrove, 1. r., 697. Sheriff— S. M. Adams, r.,
1138: E. B. Lvon, 1. d., 746. States Attornev — J. H. Miller, r., 1156;
P. M. Blair, 1. r., 697. Coroner — P. P. Johnson, r., 1165; W. T.
Hall, 1. r., 662; James Culbertson, i., 43.
June 3, 1873: Circuit Judge — Henry B. Hopkins, r., 420; J. W.
Cochran, a. m. d., 273; Henry AY. AVells, i., 76. Supreme Judge — C.
B. Lawrence, r., 470; A. M. Craig, a. m. d., 299.
TECDMSEH — CHIEF OP THE SHAWNEES.
L!B!?ARY
UNIVERSITY or IkLINOIS
POLITICAL IIISTOKY. ir>l
November 4, 1873: County Judge— W. W. Wright, r., TC3; D. Low-
man, a. m. v.. 088. Clerk — D.'ivid J. A\'alkei', r. . 787: J. Arui^^trong, a.
m. r., (55!). 1'reasurer — Orlando Brace, r., 733: (1. W . Nicholas, a. ni.
d., 700. Superintendent Schools — Alonzo Abbot, r., 78G; E. H. Phelps,
a. m., (535.
JSTovEMBEE 3, 1874: State Treasurer — T. S. Eidgeway, r., 770; David
Gore, a. m. d.,571. State Superintendent Schools — Wm. B. Powell, r,,
705; S. M. Etter, a. m. r., 553. Congress — R. II. Whiting, r., 711;
L. F. Ross, a. m. d.,(j30. State Senate — L. D. Whiting, r., 773; J.
Benedict, a. m., 574. Representative — A. G. Hammond, r., 1208; Jonas
H. Moore, r., 087; Davis Lowman, a. m. r.. 007; J. J. Herron, a. m.
d., 810. ' Sheriff — S. M. Adams, r., 803; A. A. Gingrich, a. m. d.,
481. Coroner — W. H. Butler, r. 801; S. Grimshaw, a. m. r., 540.
November 2 1875. Treasurer — Orlando Brace, r., 403; W. K. Fuller.
1. r., 457. Survevor— Edwin Butler, r., 501; John II. Ogle, 1. d., 437.
Electioxs, 1870 : Twenty-one Presidential Electors, r., 1 ,440 ; d. , 780;
g. b., 00 ; pro., 4. Governor ^ — Shelby M. Collum, r., 1,403; Lewis
Steward, d., 880; James F. Simpson, g. b., ; Samuel B. Allen,
pro., 4. Congress — Thomas A. Boyd, r., 1,307; George A. Wilson, d.,
842; William AV. Mathews, g. b., 104. Representatives — Daniel J.
Ilurd, r., 2,078; Charles Baldwin, r.. 2,027+; James Nowlan, d., 2,020^;
James J. Herron, g. b., 6444. State's x\ttorney — Bradford F. Thompson,
r., 1.101; John E. Decker, d., 1,111. Clerk of Circuit (Wrt — John M.
Brown, r., 1,418; David Tinlin, d., 880. Sheriff — Samuel M. Adams, r.,
1,477; James M. Lawman, d., 827; William J. Yance, — ., 1. Coroner
— Wilson Trickle, r., 1,433 ; William B. Armstrong, d., 870.
Elections, 1877: Judge 8th Circuit— David McCulloch, r., 300;
Elbridge (I. Johnson, — , 42 ; Geaser A. Roberts, d.. 172 ; John B. Cohns,
d., 5. County Judge — Wiiliam W. Wright, r., 800; Patrick M. Blair,
d., 400. Clerk — David J. Walker, r., 1,221; David Lowman, pro., 4;
Treasurer — Orlando Brace, r.. 070; Donald Murchinson, r., 137; P. S.
Mattox, d., 150 ; Williston K.' Fuller, g. b., 251.
Elections, 1878: Congress — Thomas A. Boyd, r., 007; George A.
Wilson, d., 332; Alex. McKeighan, g. b.,452. State Senator — Lorenzo
D. Whiting, r., 006 ; James McGinnis, g. b., 580; Alex. H. Thompson,
— , 311. Representatives — Simon Elliott, r., 1,000+; Martin Shallen-
berger. d., 020+ ; Albert G. Scott, g. b.. 1.301 ; Sylve^ster F. Ottman, r.,
1,703. Sheriff— C. F. Hamilton, d., 800; S. M. Adams, r., 1,005;
Andrew Galbraith, r., 1. Coroner — W. B. Armstrong, g. b., 802 ; John
F. Rhodes, r., 1,017. Constitutional Amendment — To amend sec. 31,
art. 4, 1,704; against, 60.
♦Electioxs, 1870: Treasurer — Orlando Brace, r., 842 ; Absolam D.
Perrine, g. b., 000. Surveyor — Manning A. Hall, r., 002; John W.
Agard, d., 536.
Elections, 1880 : Pres. Electors — Twentv-one Electors, r., 1.383;
d., 081 ; g. b., 380; pro., 4. Governor — Shelby McCulloin, r.. 1,378;
L3mian Trumbull, d., 084; Alvin J. Streeter, g. b.,382; Uriah Copj^,
pro., 4. Congress, 0th — John II. Lewis, r.. 1,303 ; John S. Lee, d ,
004; Wm. H.^Revnolds, g. b., 372. Board of Equalization — A¥m. Mel-
lor, r., 1,383 ; Charles F. Robisou, d., 083 ; Matthew H. Mitchell, —, 370.
Representatives — Charles Baldwin, r., 1.010+ ; Svlvester F. Ottman. r..
2.313+ ; John II. Welsh, g. b., 1,080; Simon Elliott, d., 1,077+; C'
Otman, 0. State's Attorney — Bradford F. Thompson, r., 1,201 ; Wm.
152 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
E. Scott, d., 1,110. Circuit Court Clerk — Jolm M. Brown, r., 1,35; ;
Samuel G. Brees, d.. 1,046. Sheriff — Samuel W. Adams, r.. 1,397; Eugene
B. Lyon, d . , 1 ,032. Coroner — John F. Rhodes, r. . 1,378 : Ilobert AV. King,
g. b., 1,052. Constitutional Amendment — For amendment of sec. 8,
art. 10. 863; against, 656.
Elpxtioxs 1882 : Congress 10th — John H. Lewis, r.. 1,148: Nicholas
E. Worthington, d., 553: Matthew H. Mitchell, g. h., 320. Senator
25th — Lorenzo I). Whiting, r., 842; John E. Decker, d., 785: Jolm C.
Copestake, g. b., 329; Representative 25th — John Lackie, r., 1.895^:
James V. Thomson, g. B.. 1,391: Jolm H. Welsh, d., 1.4514^: A. B.
Avcrv. r.. 1,153^: John T. Thornton, pro., 53^. County Judge — Wil-
liam W. Wright, r., 1,178; David McCance, d., 517; George W. Bradlev.
g. b.. 327. Clerk — David J. Walker, r.. 1.230: Patrick M. Blair, dV.
461: S. 11. Hazen, g. b.. 318. Sheriff — Andrew Galbraith, r., 1,278;
Ira G. Foster, d., 396: Thomas Gemmell, g. b., 352. Coroner — Charles
W. Teeter, r., 1,172: David G. Plummer. d.. 512; E. W. Young, g. b..
302. Treasurer- Orlando Brace, r., 1,137: John H. Anthony, d., 401:
Jolm Dexter, g. b., 476. Superintendent Schools — William E. Saudham,
r., 1.129: Amelia L. Halsey, ind., 610; B. F. Jackson, g. b., 229. Ap-
propriation — For the $531,712.18, 862: against, 558. Canal Cession —
For, 1,435; against, 181.
Electioxs 1884: President — James G. Blaine, r.. 1.365: Grover
Cleveland, d., 784; B. F. Butler, g. b., 99; St. John, pro., 212. Gov-
ernor — Eichard J. Oglesby, r., 1,384: Carter H. Harrison, d., 796; James
B. Hobbs, g. b., 92; Jesse Harper, pro., 190. Congress — Nicholas A.
Worthington, d., 1,102; Julius S. Stan*, r., 1,336. Board of Equaliza-
tion — William Meelor, r., 1,379: E. A. Perkins, d., 791. Eepresenta-
tives— Simon Elliott, g. b.. 905^: James H. Miller, r., 2,066; Albert W.
Boydon, r., 2,038; Eli V. Eally, d.. 2,057. States Attorney— John E.
Decker, d., 1,268; Bradford F. Thompson, r., 1,084. Circuit Court
Clerk — Jolm M. Brown, r.. 1,403: Paul Xewton, ind., 1,032. Coroner
Sedgwick E. Hazen, g. b., 1,038: David S. Burroughs, r., 1,375. Sur-
veyor — Carson Berfield, d.. 1,082; Edwin Butler, r., 1,376. Committee
on Amendments — For amendment of sec. 16, art. 5, 1,207; against, 258;
for state house appropriation, 850: against. 1,249.
Elections 1885: Judge Circuit Court — David McCullougli, r., 898;
X. M. Laws, r., 874: Thomas M. Shaw, d., 692; Sanmel S. Page, d., 734:
Xathan W. Green, d,., 641 .
Election OF 1886: State Treasurer — Tanner, r., 1,233: Eicker, d.,
785: Austin, j^ro., 134. Superintendent Instruction — Edwards, r., 1,232;
Oldt. d.. 779: Gilmer, pro.. 136. Congress— Post, r., 1.194: 'Worthinsr-
ton, d.. 890: .AlcCulloch. pro.. 123. Senate — Washburn, r.. 1.227: Bry-
ant, d., 851; Triinble. pro.. 131. Representative — James H. Miller, r..
2.238: Pomerov. d., 1,148: Morrasy, pro., 33: Dexter, r.. 2,684: Bloom, d.,
351. Judge — Fuller, r., 1,280; Sliallenberger, d . , 770; Xowlan, pro., 133;
Clerk — Walker, r.. 1.250: Xowlan. d.. 830: Callison, pro., 123. Treas-
urer—Hawks, r.. 1,263; Colwell. d., 801; Oliver, pro., 136. Sheriff —
!Montooth, r.. 1.254: Hamilton, d., 639; Xewton, pro., 296. Superin-
tendent Schools — Sandham, r.. 1,280: Sherman, d., 591: Mrs. Stouffer,
jjro., 308. Coroner — Sprague. r.. 1.217: Eogers, d.. 775: Xewland,
pro., 157.
In Xovember, 1886, a majority of 308 votes opposed the proposed
constitutional amendment. It is stated on good aiithorit}' that Benja-
I'OLI'l'JC'Al. IIISTOKY. 153
mill Turner, James M. Thomas, and Wni. Lowman were delegates to
the Ohicag-o River and Harbor c(niventioii of 1S41); but there is no
mention of a Starlv County delegation in tlie reports of tliat meeting
made by Horace Greeley.
The office of Master in Chancery was established here in 1853,
when H. J. Drummond was appointed. In 1854 Martin Shallenberger
^vas commissioned, and served until 1850, when James A. Henderson
received the appointment, but I'esigned ]n May, 1802. George A.
Clifford was appointed, but did not file bonds. In 18(55 he was
succeeded by James W. Hewitt, and he by Judge W. AV. Wright in
] 809, who filled the office until 1875. In this year John E. ])ecker
received the ])osition. In 1870 Allen P. Miller was commissioned
Master, and served until the appointment of Patrick M. Blair in 1880.
Local Political Conventions. — The first convention or caucus ever
held in Stark county was in 1838, followed b}" the more imjiortant one
of 1830. For the decade and a lialf succeeding' there is nothino- on
record to show who participated in political organization bevond the
election returns embraced in this chapter.
The Democratic convention for Peoria and Stark counties assem-
bled at Princeville, August 11, 185G. James Ilolgate presided, with
E. P. O'Donnell and lioswell Bills, secretaries. The delegates from
Stark county were Benj. Turner, J. Jamieson, Elislia Barton, Sylvester
F. Otman, Paul Pouse, jr., Nicholas Sturm, W. D. Blancliard, and
James Ilolgate. The delegates-at-large were B. M. Jackson, E. M.
Emery, W. B. Armstrong, and W. Ogle. J. W. Parker was nom-
inated for prosecuting attorney, and Martin Shallenberger for repre-
sentative. The following notice a])peared under date, Wyoming, 111.,
September 20, 1850 : "The Old Line Whigs of Stark are requested to
meet at Toulon, October 8, 1850, for the purpose of organizing the old
Whig party." This was signed by Henry Butler. This meeting was
duly held, and the repulJican ticket of that year approved. The
American caucus followed with their nominations, and the officers of
three parties were named for the thrilling campaign of that year.
Stephen A. Douglas visited Toulon, October 20, 1858. The next
day Abraham Lincoln arrived. The first Lincoln man in Stark county
was Hugh Godfrey, the wagon-maker, who, in 1858, after Lincoln's
visit to Toulon, wrote with chalk on the cross-beam of his shop: "For
President in 1800, Abraham Lincoln." When asked was he in earnest,
he said, "Old Abe is the man I am going to vote for in 1800," and he
did vote for him. E. W, Blaisdell, Avho is still living in Pockford, 111.,
claims to be the first man who ])ublicly suggested Abraham Lincoln
for President. This he did in a "rinoino- editoriaP' in the Pockford
Mepioblican, of which he was editor during the memorable Lincoln-
Douglas senatorial campaign. The joijit discussion Ijetween R. C.
Ingersoll and Judge Kellogg took place at Toulon, Se])tember 25, 1800.
Throughout the winter of 18GU-1, "Kansas Meetings" were held
in every township, when moneys and supplies were liberally con-
tributed for aid of the Kansas sufferers.
The Democrat, in noticing the republican ratification meeting at
Toulon, says : " We are informed that the Hon. M. G. Bi'ace has a
154 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
si^linter of the veritable rail that "• Old Hanks "' brought into the Re-
|)ul)lican State Convention. If a rail can make Lincoln president, cer-
tainly a splinter ought to send Mr. Brace to the legislature. Readers,
the genuineness of this splinter is well authenticated. There has been
a question about the rails which the Republicans had at their ratifica-
tion meeting, some people saying they were stolen from Culbertson's
fence, but you can rely on this splinter."
The unconditional Union convention of Stark county assembled
October 19, 1S63, with (). Whitaker president and Dr. A. M. Pierce
secretary. The Union convention of 1861 assenil)led Au^ist 20, Georo-e
AV. Dewey president. The delegates were: Toulon — George W.
Dewey, IJrady Fowder, George W. Scott, R. 0. Dunn, James Johnson,
('. ]\r. S. Lyon and Hiram "Willett. AVest Jersey — Jacob Young, J.
Raymond, S. H. Sanders, I. L. Xewman and E. B. Pomeroy. Osceola
— John Lackie. I. AV. Searle, Alfred Foster and J. G. Fowler. Goshen
— J. H. Wilbur, Hugh Rhodes, I). M. Kelly, Charles Hines and J. IL
Barnett. Elmira — Walter M. Fuller. James Buswell. Lewis Austin
and George Grey. Penn — George Moss, William Eagelston. John
Acklev and Robert M. Bocock. Yalley — Joseph Woodward, H.
McYicker and J. M. Rogers. Essex — H. A. Hoist, O. C. Walker,
Jose])h Cox, Ho])kins Shivers and Edward Trickle. The delegates to
congressional convention elected were P. M. Blair, W. H. Butler, John
Schank and James Blanchard. Davis Low^nan. Isaac Thomas and P.
M. Blair w^ere elected members of the central committee.
The Chicago Trilmne, published September, 1876, gave an account
of the Sons of Lil)erty in Illinois, and their design to capture Camp
Douglas and release the Confederate prisoners in Xovember, 1861. In
the list of prominent members of the order the present postmaster
(Judd) of Chicago, Martin Shallenberger of Toulon, and a half a dozen
of men from Putnam, Henry, Knox and Marshall counties are men-
tioned. In reference to those terrible days, it might be added that
had not cool heads led the people of Stark their zeal would have
l)rouo-ht them to the execution of four or five neiglibors, and thus
blacken one of the proudest w\ar records in Illinois. It is a fact that
neither Judd, Shallenberger, or any of the men named in the report,
entertained the idea, of rescuing the prisoners.
The Union League, then in full force here, embraced almost the
entire numl)er of republican voters residing here. The differences ex-
istino- between the Knio'hts and Leamie did not rest at all on the
former's sympathy with the reljellion, but were grounded mainh' on
plans for a settlement between the Xorth and South. The Uncondi-
tional Union party of Stark county called a convention for Septeml)er
23, 1865, which call was signed b}" P. ]M. Blair. Davis Lowman and
Isaac Thomas, L'nion Central Committee.
Tlie first soldiers convention of Stark county was held October 21,
186.5, and nominated a soldier's ticket for county officers. Rev. A. J.
Wright, nominated for county judge, S. F. Ottman for county clerk
and Oliver White, for superintendent of schools, declined the nomina-
tion.
On August 27, 1869, the temperance convention held at Buda,
rOLITICAL HISTORY. 155
1
noiiiiiiated Rev. F. B. Ives, for congress. It is related tliat up to this
time temperance ideas grew apace under the genial guidance of tem-
perance associations ; but now ])ohtics crept into each meeting room,
organization deca3xd, so to speak, and men wlio were recUiimed solely
1)V association, fell back into their drunken ^vays.
The anti-polygamy meeting, held at Toulon on February, 1882, was ^'
addressed by Judge ' Wright, A. P. Miller, B. F. Thompson and Rev-
erends Myers and Stouffer. J. II. Miller offered the resolution as
follows: '• Resolved, by the citizens of Toulon in nuiss meeting assem-
l)led, irrespective of sex, political parties, or religions creeds ; being
fully impressed with the belief that all citizens, no matter where situ-
ated, should and do look with horror upon the encroachment of any-
thing that tends to invade our homes, or the homes of our fellow^ citi-
zens ; as w^ell as any teaching or ])ractice that tends to set at defiance
the sanctity of the niai'riage relation, oi' doctrine that under the pre-
tense of a revelation defies the laws of l)oth God and man, which have
declared from time immemorial in all civilized nations and govern-
ments. ' that one man should have but one wife, and one woman l)at
one husband ; except in case of death or a legal sepai-ation in conform-
ity with the laws of civilized legislation, when either is at liberty to
marry again.' And we denounce in unmeasured terms any doctrines
or teachings that recognize any invasion (^f the sanctity of the nuir-
riage relation, or endangers social order as understood in all enlightened
governments; l)eing without precedent in the past, and in utter defi-
ance of all that is pure or sacred.-' The second resolution denounced
niormonism and its practices, and called upon the journalist, lu'eacher
aiul orator to act and speak in favor of the bill then before congress.
In the fall of 1882 the differences between the republicans of Stark
and ]?nreau counties in re the senatorial convention, were amicably
juljusted.
The greenback county convention held at Wvoming, in August,
1881, endorsed the county ticket of the proliibition and democratic
parties. The democratic and republican conventions of that year par-
took in a great measure of the interest attached to the presidential
canijiaign.
llie first prohibition convention <»f the loth congressional district '^
assembled at Elmwood, September 28, 1880. Stark \vas represented
by R. C. Baker, J. M. Jones, Wm. A. Newton, E. B. Lvon, Eli Emer-
ick, J. C. Atherton, Rev. D. 0. Stouffer, II. Y. Godfrey.' ludge David
McCuUoch received the nomiiuitiiui for congress, Williain Xolan is
])i'esident of the central committee.
The greenback district convention was held at Beoi'ia, Se])tember
15, 188<;. The Stark county delegates were Jacob Shnhiw, W. II.
Sherman, C. F. Hamilton, Dexter G. I). Eagleston, Anton Sundguist,
riiili]) Bromer, ]\Iicliael Ryan, Allen Burl, J. B. Robinson, Richard
Iloadley, John Foster Coulson. Some discussion followed the pro[)0-
sition to nominate a greenl)ack ticket, and in the confusion which fol-
lowed, Richard Iloadley, chairman of the Stark county delegation,
announced that, "as it was YQvy })lain to be seen that the convention
was being run by bulldozers, that they could h()[)e for no impartial
156 IIISTOKY OF STjVKK COUNTY.
decisions br the chair they should witlidraw from tlie convention."
This they immediately (tid, followed l)y a large portion of the Knox
county delegation and a ]);irt of tlie Peoria county delegation. Fif-
teen delegates remained, nominated W. T. A^allace, and resolved to
call their ticket " The National Labor Party." The thirty-nine who
withdrew, met in John Brady's office as a regular convention, adopted
four resolutions, one of which was an approval of Mr. Wortliington's
course in Congress, and one expressive of adhesion to the greenback
party. The committee on resolutions comprised J. T. Thoni])son, C.
F. Hamilton and Irwin J. Clark. The nominee for Cono-ress declined
and A. M. Clark was subsequently selected.
The Pepublican convention of the tenth district was held at Gales-
Imrg, August 26, 1886. Col. William Jackson, :\Iiles A. Fuller, and
I>. F. Thompson represented the county on the committees of creden-
tials, organization, and resolutions respectively. A. G. Hammond's
motion to ])roceed with an informal ballot was carried, and the roll of
counties for nomination l)eing called, J. A. Leeper, of Fulton, nom-
inated Hon. G. Barrere; G. W. Price, of Knox, nominated Gen. P. S.
Post ; and B. F. Thompson, of Stark, nominated Judge W. W. Wright
as the unanimous choice of Stark county. Mr. John McGinnis, of
Peoria, seconded the nomination of Mr. Wright. The I'oll was then
called and stood as follows: Fulton, 23 for Barrere; Knox, 25 for
Post; Peoria, 15 for Post and 15 for Wright; Stark, 7 for Wright,
making a total of 2o for Barrere, 40 for Post, and 22 for Wright.
Before the announcement of the vote by the chairman, the Fulton
county delegates changed their votes from Barrere to Wright, making
the total vote stand 45 for Wright and 40 for Post. A motion to
adjourn was lost by a vire voce vote, but carried by a rising vote. On
reassembling, the first formal ballot was taken as follows: Fulton,
Wright 21, Post 2; Knox, Post 25: Peoria, Wright 12, Post 18;
Stark, Wright 7; total. Post 45; Wright 40. On motion of Capt.
Thompson, (tcii. Post's nomination was made unanimous. Mi".
Thompson's speech in nominating Judge AVright was highly c-omj^li-
mented by the Galesburg and Peoria ]iapers. Judge AVright made a
speech, promising his best support and that of Stark county to the
successful candidate.
The Democratic Congressional convention of the tenth district for
1886 was held at Canton. X. E. AVorthington was ]-enominated. S.
Y. Thornton, of the Fulton county Ledger^ called the convention to
order. Dr. Walter Hall, of Toulon, was made chairman of the con-
vention, and J. E. AValsli, of Peoria, secretary. The delegates to the
convention from this C(junty were U. H. Brown, Dr. AV T. Hall, Ed
Colgan, and Frank Thomas. The alternates were J. AI. Kogers, AY.
T. Ditmon, T. AY. Ross, and Alatthew McKeighan. The delegates
were instructed for X. E. AA^»rthin<i'ton.
The Stark county prohibition convention. Avhich met at Toulon,
June 12, 1886, made the following nominations for county officers:
AVm. Xowlan, of Lafa3'ette, for coujity judge; G. E. Callison, of
Toulon, for county clerk; Mrs. D. G. Stouffer, of AYyoming, for sii])er-
intendent of schools; AY. A. Xewton, of Toulon, for sheriff; AYm.
POLITIC A I. IIISTOKY. 157
Newland, of Toulon, for coroner. The following were ap]iointed
delegates to attend the state })rohibition convention held at 8])ring-
field. June 23, 1886: J. M. Jones, Lafayette; Eli Emery, Toulon; 8.
E. Ilazen, "West Jerse}^ ; and J. C. C bpestake, AYj^oming.
The Greenback county convention assembled August 28, 188(5, with
W. P). Armstrong as chairman, and C. F. Hamilton as secretary.
Jacob Shulow, Henry CV)hvell, and W. H. Sherman composed the
committee on organization. Dr. King, of West Jersey; J. B. Robin-
son, of Essex; and Eicluird Iloadley were the committee appointed to
confer with a committee fi'om the Democratic convention on the ticket
to be indorsed bv this convention. The report of this committee was
received, and upon motion adopted, to indorse the ticket nominated
bv the Democratic count}^ convention. The following Avere appointed
delegates to the congressional convention, with instructions to vote for
the renomination of IS". E. Worthington : Jacob Sliulow, of Valley;
Philip Beamer and Andrew Kamerer, of West Jersey; Michael Ryan
and Allen Beall, of Valley; W. H. Sherman. John Dexter and G. D.
Eagleston, of Penn; Richard Iloadley, Foster Goulson aiul Antony
Sundquist, of Toulon ; Henry Colwell, of Essex. The following were
appointed a committee to attend the representative and senatorial
convention, to be held at Princeton, September 21, 188G: Dr. R. W.
King, George VanSickle, J. W. Cole and Thomas Dryden, of West
Jersey; C. F. Hamilton, of Osceola; AV. B. Armstrong, J. I>. Robinson
and A. J. Smith, of Essex ; John Black, Xathan Snare and Fred
Greenwood, of Toulon; Frank ]vissinger and Elbert Drawyer, of
Penn; John A. Colgan, of Valley; James JacKson, of Elmira. The
delegates chosen to the state convention ^vere Henry Colwell, of
Essex; W. II. Sherman and John Dexter, of Penn.
The members of the Greenback county central committee were
chosen as follows: J. B. Robinson, of Essex; Elisha Swank, of West
Jersey; Jacob Shulow, of A'alley; W. II. Sherman, of Penn; Henry
Colwell, of Essex.
In 1884 the prohiljition vote of this county was 99, and of the dis-
trict, 583, increased in 1886 to 123 and 869 respectively.
The Democratic County Convention assendjled at Payne's Opera
House, Wyoming, August 30, 18S(;. Pati'ick M. Ijlair, of Toulon, was
elected temporary chairman, and George Nolan, of Toulon, temporary
secretary. Harmon Phenix, F. II. Brown, John II. Ogle, S. II.
j\IcKeighan, and William Stevenson were cliosen a committee on cre-
dentials ; and A. J. Sturm, T. AV Ross and James Fi'ail a committee
on ]iermanent organization. They rej^orted in favor of F. II. Brown,
of Goshen, for chairman, and George oVolan, of Toulon, for secretary,
and these gentlemen were chosen. Frank Thomas, John E. Decker,
AVill A. Scott, and AV. A. Truax were made a committee to confer
with a similar committee of the Greenback convention in session. The
following were made a committee to select the names of candidates for
the county offices, to be tilled at the coming election : AVillis Pierson,
IT. C. Brown, James Estej), J. M. Rogers, P. M. Blair, James G.
Brady, W. T. Ditmon, Humphrey Avery, A. J. Sturm. The confer-
ence committee had ao-reed with the Greenback committee that onlv
158 HISTOliV OF STAKK COUNTY.
one ticket should be nominated by both conventions, and also had
agreed ii])on the names of candidates for the oifices to be filled, and
the committee to name candidates reported in favor of the names
agreed n])on, which were: For County Judge, Martin Shallenberger ;
County Clerk. James Nowlan ; County Superintendent of Schools,
Wm. ll. Sherman; C-ounty Treasurer, Henry Colwell; Slieriff, Henry
Hamilton; CV^roner, James M. Rogers. The delegates to the legislative
convention were : J. E. Decker, Harmon Phenix, ]>enjamin Turner,
T. W. Ross, AVinfield Scott, Dr. O. C. Darling, Chester Turner, and C.
P. Jackson.
To fill vacancies on the county central committee, the following
wei'e chosen : Edwin Ferris for Penn, Willis Pierson for West Jersev,
and Madison Winn for West Toulon, vice Winfield Scott, A. W. Pal-
mer, and J. Knox Hall, resigned.
The democratic senatoiial convention at Princeton, September S.'^,
nominated John P. Pi'yan for state senator and A. Morrasy and J. M.
liogei's for I'epresentatives. Benjamin Turner was a delegate from
Stark county, and was accompanied thither by his son Chester.
The republican county convention, held in August, 1886. The
meeting w^as called to order Ijy J. M. Brown, and E. S. Buffum, of
Lafayette, chosen temporary chairman, and F. C. Willson, of Brad-
ford, secretary. C. W. Young, Cyrus Bocock, and A. G. Hammond
were apjiointed a committee on credentials. J. D. Quinn, John
Lackie, Jacolj Graves, William Jackson and S. F. Otnian, committee
on permanent organization, who reported in favor of the officers
named. I). J. Walker was declared in nomination for county clerk,
John Hawks for county treasurer. W. R. Sandham for county superin
tendent of schools, and Dr. L. T. S})rague. of Lafayette, for coroner.
An informal ballot was now taken for candidates for county judge, and
the following were brought oiit : M. A. Fuller, B. F. Thompson, G.
C. VanOsdel, A. P. Miller. On vote Ijeing taken, M. A. Fuller received
37; B.. F. Thompson, 22; A. P. Miller, 11; G. C. YanOsdel, 3. Mr.
Fuller having received a majority of all the votes cast was declared in
nomination. An informal ballot was next taken for candidates for
sheriff, and the follo\v]ng presented : James Montooth, John F.
Rhodes, B. A. Newton, J. R. Jones. On vote being taken, Montooth
received 25; J. F. Rhodes, 20 ; J. R. Jones, 10; B. A. Newton, 12.
Second l)alloting, Montooth received 35 ; Rhodes, 20 ; J. R. Jones, 10 ;
C. R. Miner, 2. Montooth having received a majority of all the votes
cast was declared in nomination. (\ W. Young, \V. T. Dickinson, and
N. J. Smith were appointed a committee to select delegates to tlie
congressional convention, which selection was as follows and accepted
bv the convention : E. S. Buffum, A. G. Hammond, C^'rus Bocock,
William Jackson, M. A. Fuller, D. S. Hewitt, B. F. Thompson. The
following were the delegates appointed to the re[)ublican state con-
vention : fJohn Lackie, W. F, Price. O. Brace. The following were
selected as the county central committee : B. R. Brown, of AYest Jer
sey ; E. S. Buffum, <^f (4oshen ; Perry Winn, of East Goshen ; Jacob
Graves, of South Essex; A. (i. Hammond, of North Essex; ,) . IVf.
Brown, of Toulon; Marsh Winn, of East Toulon; AVilliam Jackson,
THE OOUKTS AND BAR.
159
of Eliiiirji ; Samuel Wrigley, of Yalley ; Cyrus Bocock, of Penn ;
Josepli Flemmiug, of Osceola. The committee was organized with
J. M. Brown chairman and E. S. Buffum secretary. The following
were appointed by the caucus as delegates to the legislative conven-
tion, to be held at Princeton; September 7: Xewton J. Smith, Xiles
A. Fuller, A. W. King. J. A. Clock, C. W. Brown, B. F. Garrett, T. FI.
Crone, A. G. Hammond, Wilson Trickle, L. Egbert, Perrv Winn, Sam-
uel White.
At the republican legislative convention held at Princeton Septem-
ber 7, Edward A. Washburn, present county treasurer of J>ureau
county, was nominated for state senator. Sterlino- Pomerov, of Bureau
county, and James H. Miller, of Stark county, were nominated for
re[)resentatives.
The victors and vanquished of the campaign, which followed the
several nominations, are referred to in the pages devoted to election
returns ; \vhile in the pages devoted to family history tlie greater num-
ber of them hnd mention.
CHAPTER YIIL
THE COURTS AND BAE.
ROM the earliest ])eriod in the history of the world the ad-
vocate has existed and made his presence known where men
of other trades were silent and unfelt. The author of
'' Paradise Lost " lived at a time when mental revolutions
reduced humanity to a state of skepticism and left the con-
science of the peo])le uncontrolled by that spiritual govern-
ment which for centuries ruled the Christian world, and
judging from the experiences of tliat time declared that
'' most men are allured to the trade of law, grounding their
])ui"])oses not on the ])rudent and heavenly contemplation of justice and
etjuity, which was never taught them, but on the promising and pleas-
ing thoughts of litigious terms, fat contentions and flowing fees." The
advances made by society in after years fostered certain ambitions,
and among the highest of them was to attain the ])rofession of the law.
It became a great never-ending study, and thus in Johnson's time the
bar end>raced
" ]V[en of that large professipu, who can speak
To every cause, and tliing-s indeed contraries,
Till they are hoarse again, yet all be law :
That with most (juick agility can turn.
And return, make knots, and undo them.
Give forked counsel, take provoking gold
From either side and p>it it up."
In the earlier years of tlie county the circuit hiwyers, [)iMnci})ally
from Peoria, Galesburg, Canton, and other old pioneer centers of the
military tract were well known' in tlie courts of Stark. The coming
of W. W. Drummond to establish an <»ttice formed an introduction to
10
160 IIISTOKY OF STARK COUNTY,
a permanent local bar, l)ut not until 1847, when Martin Sliallenberger
settled at Tonlon, did the nnmbers of circuit lawyers attendino- Stark
county courts decrease. Within the last four dec:ides Stark county
has claimed many excellent lawyers, and even furnished a few to the
new states and territories. In the following pages brief notices of the
old and new bar are made.
The Circuit Court of Fulton county, the first connected with
Northern Illinois, was held April 20, 1824. There was not another
term of the court held until iS^ovember, 10, 1825, when John York
Sawyer, presided. Judge Sawyer was one of those early judges Avho
had no finely furnished and fitted room in which to hold court. It was
the humble cabin, or plain board building, in which this al)le judge
])resided. He has been known to hold court upon the liank of the
Mackinaw river in Tazewell county. He was a man eminently suited
to the times. John Twing, attorney general jpro tern., acted ks pros-
ecuting attorney at this term, and Stephen Dewey, clerk. Ossian M.
Itoss oificiated as sheriff. This was the first circuit at that time, and
extended throughout the northern pai't of the state. A few years
later it was changed to the fifth, and included all the country in the
military tract, even the counties of Cook and Jo Daviess.
In ^lay, 1831, Judge Young opened the first session of the first
circuit court for Putnam county. Among the ])etit jurors present were
John Whitaker, Wm. Boyd, Wm. AYright, Ezekiel Thomas and Justus
Anient. A number of fines were imposed on absent juroi's, most of
whicli were remitted. In Septeml^er, 1831, the names of Benjamin
Smith, Sylvanus Moore. AYm. D. Grant, Ilari'is Miner, Isaac B. Essex,
Aaron Whitaker, Jolin B. Dodge, James Garvin, Eoswell Blanchard,
Wm. Smith and David Cooper appear as grand jurors. At this term
Clark Hollanbeck was chai'ged with "malfeasance in office*' as justice
of the peace, but tlie case was subsequently quashed. The first indict-
ment in May, 1831, was that of Resin Hall for l)iganiy, and ^Martha
Wright, one of liis wives. Before the September session was held,
Hall, wives, cal)in and all disappeared.
The first entry in the record A of the circuit court of Stark county
(held at the house of W. H. Henderson, October 11, 1839, with Tiiomas
Ford, judge of the ninth judicial circuit, presiding; Norman J. Purple,
states attorney; Augustus A. Dunn, sheriff, and John W. Henderson,
clerk), is as follows: Luther Driscoll having been duly summftned as
a grand juror was appointed l)y the court, forenuin of the grand jury ;
and Asa Currier, Henrv Seelev, Samuel Love, John Hester, David
Simmerman, Nathan Swartz, Adam Day, Adam Perry, Wm. ^Mahany
being also (hdy summoned, also gave their attendance, and tliere not
being a sufficient number to constitute a grand jury, it is ordered that
the sheriff summon two others from the bystanders to complete tlie
panel: and the sheriff, thereupon, returned the names of James K.
McClenahan and Wm. W. Di'ummond, who also gave their attendance,
■" "■ " who with tlie others were sworn to enquire for the body of
the county of Stark aforesaid, and retired to consider of their indict-
ments and presentments. This jury brought in a true l)ill against
Frederick Ulard, and having no further business received discharge.
THE COURTS AND BAK. 161
J allies Pollok, who left Ireland in 1832 and came to Philadelpliia,
declared his intention to l)ecome a citizen of the United States, October
12, 1839, before Judge Thomas Ford of the ninth judicial circuit.
This is the first declaration of record in Stark county. Tlie Turnbull
and Oliver declarations bear date October, 1810.
James A. Henderson in his address before tlie Old Settlers in 1882,
describes graphically this first court. It is as follows :
"It is Frulay morning, Octol)er 11, A. D. 1839, and the early set-
tlers of Stark county have met at a private residence, about one mile
due south of where tlie court-house now stands, to be present, as
officers, jurors, suiters, Avitnesses or spectators, at the first term of the
Circuit Court held in the county. Tliomas Ford, Esq., is judge, ISTor-
man H. Purple, states attorney, and Onsk)w Peters and Tlieophilus
Lyle Dickey are the lawyers present. John W. Henderson is clerk,
pro tern.; Augustus Dunn is sheriff, and Luther Driscoll as foreman,
Asa (Jurrier, Ilenry Seeley, Samuel Love, Samuel Seeley, John Finley,
Adam Day, William Mahaney, "William Porter, Sumner Shaw, John
Hester, David Simmerman, i^athan Swartz, Adam Perry, James K.
McClanahan and William W. Drummond constitute the grand jury,
while Washington Colwell, Calvin Powell, sr., Elijah Eltzroth, Daniel
Hodgson, Henry McClanahan, Milton Richards, Jeremiah Bennett,
Minott Silliman, William P>owen, David Cooper, Josiah Moffit, Samuel
llai-ris, Ilobert Sharer, Nicholas Sturms, Isaac Spencer, James Buswell,
Horace \i\\\, Nehemiah Merrit, Christopher Sammis, Thounis Timmons,
Thomas S. Clark, Washington Trickle, George Eckley and Jacob Smith
form the petit jury. And scattered here and there in groups upon the
grass beneath the magnificent trees which sheltered the home upon the
hill, we will imagine we see the Arnolds, Websters, liarnets, Lyons,
Piddles, Nichols, Jones, Dawsons, Pratz, Dunbars, Lakes, Grants,
Cummings, Bonhams, Chatlields, Camps, Wykoffs, Dunns, Berhelds,
Trickles, Uicliards, Emerys, Pigins, Powells, Clarks, Eckleys, Egberts,
Finches, llurds, Jacksons, I) wires, Ilodgesons, McWilliams, Masons,
Turners, llilliai'ds, Halseys, Farrs, Stodclards, Geers, Sillimans, Ogles,
McC'lanahans, Peeds, Mascalls, Greenleafs, Coopers, Essexs, Eastmans,
AVards, Smiths, Coxes, Colwells, Sheets, Graves, Mounts, Moffitts,
Thomas, Ihitlei's, Agards, BaiTetts, Dorrances, Averys, Shavers, Stur-
tevauts, Parkers, Holgates, Walls, Fullers, Breeses, Pikes, Moores,
Phenixs, Sturms, Searles, Dalrymples, Parks, Whitakers, Halls, Spen-
cers, Ihiswells. Woodwards, J^races, Turnbulls, Olivers, Pules, Lyles,
Blanchards, Whites, Fowlers, Parrishes. Miners, Perrys, Austins,
Heaths, AViuns, Alillers, Maxlields, Days, Williams, Polk^cks, Mitchells,
Nowlans, Frails, Gradys, Drays, Worleys, Winters, Littles, Potters,
Lesons, AVlieelers, Ames, Van Dykes, and man\' others whose names
1 cannot now recall. They are laughing, talking, shaking hands
and telling of each othci's welfai'e. Some have journeyed hither on
foot, others on horseback or in wagons. Some have come from afar,
while others live 'near by, and that may mean a mile or six away.
The fainily, as was the custom with all the early settlers, has made
expensive ])reparations to I'eceive and care for all who may come —
judge, lawyers, jurors, suitors, witnesses and people. AVe will suppose
162 HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY.
that all have come, and as we look back and remeinljer how many
grown people had to eat before the boys were admitted to the table,
it seems as if none were absent.
The court has opened, the grand jnry has been im]')anelled and
charged, and after a brief absence in a corn-crib ]iear by, has returned
into court with a ' true bill,' charging a member of one of the most
respectable families of the county with the crime of larceny, on the
testimony of Christopher Sammis. a merchant of IMoulton, Avhose goods
had been stolen. Joseph K. Lane, Moses Boardman, John Pryor, Daw-
son and J. Chaffee were here. The grand jury has been discharged.
The prisoner made his escape before trial, and perhaps never was in
the county afterwards. If his attorneys. Peters and Dickey, had been
as longheaded then as they afterwards ]3rove(l themselves to be. pos-
sibly they might have cleared him, by picking a flaw in the indictment.
In another room there stands a long table whicli has been covered Avith
a bountiful supply of the humble fare of the pioneer's home. And all
are expected to enter and partake of it as freely and as heartily as if
it were their own. At last the sun has readied tlie highest point in
the heavens, and paused, as it were, for a moment's rest ere starting
down the westward grade. Sheriff Dunn has, in obedience to tlie
order of the court, just cried an adjournment for dinner. The out-
siders have been duly summoned, and as those Avho have been fortu-
nate enough to gain admission to the little court-room file out, the
doors leading to the other rooms are thrown wide open, and. in the
name of the liead of that hospitaWe home, who is here iio more to per-
form that office, I bid you, Mr. President, and each one of you old
settlers, to enter the o])en door, and beg to assure you of a hearty,
earnest welcome from all witliin. Walk in and be seated, and as you
partake of the noon-day meal, talk of the events of 1839 — of the years
long gone 1)V. But, as I step aside to ]iermit your entrance, I am
reminded that almost fortv-three vears have passed awav since that
table was spread and that dinner was eaten by the early settlers of
Stark county. I am also sadh" reminded that many of those who^e
names have been called and who were there on that day, are not here
now."
Among the first circuit judges was Richard M. Young, a native of
Kentuckv, who settled in Illinois at an early date. He was appointed
circuit judge in 1S28, and served until January. 1837, when he accejited
a seat in the United States senate. In matters relating to the consti-
tution and laws of the state he took a very active part, until stricken
down b}^ insanity. Thomas Ford, who served as prosecuting attor-
ney prior to 1835, was appointed judge of the nortliern circuit. He
was born in Pennsvlvania in the vear 1800: was brought bv his wid-
owed mother to Missouri in 1804, and shortlv afterward to Illinois.
He received a good education; studied law; was elected four times
judge — twice as circuit judge, judge of CMiicago, and judge of supreme
court. He was elected governor by the democratic party in 1842 ;
wrote his history of Uhnois in 1847, and died in 18r)0. John Dean
Caton was ap])ointed judge of this circuit in August, 1842, and served
until 1848. Mrs. Shallenberger speaks of him thus: "During tlie
TiiK conns AM) i!AR. 1(;3
administration of Caton, there was quite a strife over the appoint-
ment of circuit clerk, tlie aspirants heinii' John AV. Hendei'son, whio-,
and Oliver AViiitaker, democrat. Caton being a democrat, appointecl
Mr. Whitaker, \vh(j lield the office under tliis ai)pointment until a
change of law made it elective, when he was again chosen by the peo-
]>le, and served every term till ]N"ovember, 1852, when he was defeated
by Jefferson AVinn." Thomas Lyle Dickey was the first judge of the
ninth district, over which he presided until Stark was placed in the
tenth district, with Judge Kellogg presiding, from 1849 to 1852. Judge
Onslow Peters presided over the sixteenth circuit in 1855. His death
occun-ed at AYashington, D. C, in February, 185(1. In April, 185(>,
Jacob Gale was elected, but did not serve, when Elihu X. Powell was
;i])pointed. He was defeated, in June, 1861, by Amos L. Merriman,
who gave place in 1863 to Marion AVilliamson, who defeated Martin
Shallenberger in the contest for the judgeshi]). In 1867 Sabin I).
Puterbaugh was elected; resigned in 1873, when Henry B. Hopkins
was chosen judge. In 1873 Jose])h AV. Cochrane was elected on the
A. M. D. ticket, and served until June, 1879. David AlcCulloch, nom-
inee of the prohibition party in 1886 foi' congress, was elected on the
I'epublican ticket in 1877, and, Avith X. J>. Laws and Judge Burns, was
reelected in 1879 for the eighth judicial circuit. In Se]:)tember, 1886,
Judge Samuel S. Page [)resided here, with John AI. McAIillen, foreman
of gi-and jury ; S. G. Brees, clerk of grand jury, and the circuit clerk
and sheriff. In 1885, Judges Page, Thomas M. Shaw and Xathan AV.
Green were elected. A reference to the ])olitical ciiapter will point out
the names of court oflftcers here since 1839. The greater number of
the lawyers of Stark countv being closely connected with public affairs
here, are noticed at some length on other ])ages ; but, lest any of the
old or present bar might not be mentioned, the following personal
notices are made :
Benj. F. Fridley, state's attorney in 1846, resided at Ottawa, but
traveled through the circuit. He moved to Anrora snbsequentlv.
AVhile ])ossessing little educational ti'aits, he was a man of strong nat-
ural ability. Julius Alanning, an old lawyer of Ivnoxvdle, practiced
liere in 1846 ; died at Peoria. He was a very able lawyer, and gener-
ally, if not always, assisted AV. AV. Drummond, first resident attorney
of Stark. H. O. Merriman, of Peoria, who attended court here in tlie
forties, died at Peoria "Lawyer" Bangs was admitted to the bar at
Peoria; practiced at Toulon in 1845-6, when he moved to Iowa. AV.
J. Phelps, the second la\vyer who estal)lislied himself at Toulon, left
here in 1846 for the AVest. Onslow Peters, a Afassachusetts man, of
the Peoria bar, was one of the old bar ; subsequently elected circuit
judge; died in 1856, at AVashington, D. C. In his office Martin Shal-
lenl)erger read law in 1846-7. Silas Ramsey resided at Lacon, but
i)racticed in Stark occasionallv in the forties. " C. K. Ilarvev, a circuit
lawyer, practiced here tlirough several terms. He was one of the lead-
ing lawyers of those times. His daughter married A. AI. Craig, judge
of the supreme court. Aaron Tyler, jr., read law with Onslow Peters ;
came to Toulon in 1845, and practiced here for some two years, when
he moved to St. Louis ; thence to Knoxville, Avhere he was appointed
164 HISTORY OF STAKK COUNTY.
circuit judge, and thence to Cliicago, where he died. Another lawyer,
the senior Tyler, had a large list of cases here in 1S4:C). Lincoln B.
Knowlton, a Peoria pioneer lawyer, was prosecuting attorney for this
circuit, and continued in ])ractice there until his death, about 1S55.
He was an eloquent and logical s])ealver, eccentric in a])pearance.
Benton C Cook was state's attorney in 1847. Martin Shallenbero'er,
the senior member of the Stark County Bar, settled here in IS-tT. His
reputation of being the best read man in the eighth judicial circuit is
generally admitted. Lawyer Taylor was present here in 1847; but
whether it was J. L Taylor, of JPrinceton, or not, is even yet unde-
cided. J. S. Fancher, who practiced at Peoria for a short time, prac-
ticed here in 1847. Amos L. Merriman, subsefjuently circuit judge
here, resigning in 1863, now a resident of AVashington, D. C, was a
circuit lawj^er in 1847, with his brother. E. N. Powell, of the Peoria
bar, who was judge for this circuit subsequently, practiced here in
1848; died at Peoria, July 15, 187L AVm. A. Chumasero, a lawyer of
La Salle county, now of Helena. M. T.. was here in 1848. Ira J. Fenn,
of Lacon, practiced here occasionally from 1848 to 1860.
H. G. Reynolds came from Rock Island to Knoxyille about 1851,
moved to Springfield in 1854, and is now a citizen of Kansas. At
Knoxville he served as state's attorney and postmaster. George A.
Clifford, who came from Massachusetts at an early" date and settled at
Rochester, practiced law at Knoxville; then was city editor and re-
porter on the Chicago Democrat; next practiced law at Toulon, en-
tered the service of the Union, and afterward was em])lo3^ed as steno-
grapher and legal adviser and again as official reporter of court martials
and other heavy cases. In I860 he was assistant editor of tlie cam-
paign paper called the Stark County Democrat^ and in 1862 was ap-
pointed master in chancery. He fell into intempei'ance, and it is said
that wliile suffering under a nervous attack he di'op]:)ed from a window
at Washington, D. C., and was killed. His widow now resides at
Albert Lea, Minn. Xorman H. Purple was distinguished for high
legal abilities, served as judge of Fulton county from 1845 to 1849,
refused official positions and devoted his whole time to his office.
Harvey J. Rhodes, a pioneer justice of Stark county, began practicing
law in 1851 ; died some years ago. Ezra G. Sanger, a Peoria lawyer,
visited this court in 1851, and for some years after. Robert Wilkin-
son, of Rock Island was here in 1852; like his brother, Ira O. Wilkin-
son, he was one of tlie reliable lawyers of thirty years ago. E. Gav
Johnson, a Peoria lawyer and state's attorney, ])racticed law here
occasionally from 1852 to the period of his death. George Blakely, his
partner, Avas here also in 1852, Dr. Roberts, of Pekin, who later be-
came a lawyer, is credited with being here in 185: . Leander Douglas,
of Knoxville, afterward of Galesburg, where he died a few years ago,
practiced here in 1852. Thomas J. Henderson is noticed throughout
the history of the county and particularly in the sketch of Toulon.
William F. Bryan, of Peoria, practiced in the courts of Stark county
in 1853. Lorin G. Pratt, of Peoria, visited Toulon in 1853, moved to
Chicago many years ago, where he is still in practice. William Kel-
logg's name appears on the circuit coui-t docket in 1854. He was
THE COURTS AND BAR. lf)5
judge of this circuit from 1849 to 1852 ; elected to congress; died at
Peoria some yem's ago. He was considered a very able lawyer. Judge
J. W. Hewitt, practiced liere in 1855. H. N. Keightly, of Knoxville,
at one time a partner of G. A. Clitford, practiced in tlie courts of
Stark county in 185-1-. Geo. ~\V. Stip]), l^etter known as Judge Stipp,
of Uureau county, practiced here in 1855. John II. Howe, of Kewanee,
practiced in 1857; was electetl colonel ISItli 111. Yol. Inf.; served as
circuit judge; died some 3'ears ago, Hiram Bigelow, of Galva, ap-
jieared in the courts here in 1857 and has been an occjisional visitor
since that time. Alex. JMcCoy, state's attorney, practicetl here in 1857.
He moved from Peoria to Chicago some years ago. John Burns, who
presided here recently as circuit jndge, practiced here in 1859. C. C.
Wilson's name appears on the list of lawyers in 1857. He was a
pioneer of A^alley township; moved to Princt^tori, and ultimately
settled at Kewanee, Avliere he now resides. John I. Bennett, now of
Chicago. ])racticed here in 1801. Judge Bailey, of Macomb county,
practiced here in 18<)1. Levi North, of Kewanee, is a name connected
witli the courts here since 1801. He is said to be as good a portrait
painter as he is a lawyei".
Ira O. Wilkinson practiced here in 1802, was subsequenth^ circuit
judge of the Rock Islaud circuit. Geo. W. Pleasants, who also prac-
ticed here in 1802. is now circuit judge. Henry B. Hopkins, of Peoria,
was here in 1802. He served as circuit judge by ap])ointment, succeed-
ing S. D. Puterbaugh. - ]\[iles A. Fuller, a pioneer of the county, was
admitted to the bar in 1862. A sketch of his life is given in the his-
tory of Toulon. Julius Starr, of Peoria, practiced herein 1804. D. C.
Young came here in 1805 ov 18(i0, ])racticed law here for a few years.
Ivol)ert Barr studied law under JSlartin SluiUenberger, was admitted an
attorney in 18<><;. moved to Adell, la., where he is now. Vi. W. AVriglit,
noticed in tlie history of Toulon, as well as in other cha])ters, has tilled
an honoral)le place among the members of tlie bar. Ford D. Smith
read law under Martin Shallenberi>er, was admitted to the bar in 1808.
practiced here until 1872 or 1878, when he returned to his home near
Ilackettstown, N. J. J. H. Miller, one of the leading members of
the state legislature, ju'acticed in the circuit court here in 1809.
Nicholas E. Worthington, who came from Maryland to Peoria, en-
tered the practice of law in the sixties, practiced here in 1869, was
elected member of congress in 1882, reelected and received the unan-
imous nomination of his ]iarty for a third term in 1880. Tiiomas E.
Milchrist, of Galva, practiced here as early as 1808, and is still a visi-
tor. He is states attorney at Galva. Sabin D. Puterbaugh, author of
"Pleading and Practice," came here first in 1869, served as judge of
this circuit until his resignation in ]87o. Mariou AVilliamson, circuit
judge from 18(^2 to 1800, born in Adams county, Ohio, died at Peoria
in 1868. C. K. Ladd, of Kewanee, ])racticed here in 1871. Jos. W.
Cochran, judge of this circuit, practiced here in 1871. He preceded
Judge McCulloch on the bench. AV. H. Adams, whose name is iden-
tified with archaeological discovery in this district, practiced in the
circuit coui't here in 1872. Tillottson and Guiteau opened a law office
at Bradford in 1874, and a branch office at Toulon, over which Guiteau
166 HISTORY OF STAKK COUNTY.
presided. Thomas Cratty, of Peoria, practiced here in 1878. He is
now at Chicago. A. P. Miller's name a])pears as an attorney on the
circuit court docket in 1881. Frank Thomas was admitted to the l)ar
in 1878, now of W3^oming. Bradford F. Thom]>son's name ap])ears as
attorney before the circuit court in 1878. F. N. Pi'out studied under
J. H. Miller, is now engaged in law practice at Blue Spring, Neb.
James E. Bush, admitted in 1878, practiced law at Bradford, now at
Beatrice, Neb. Thomas D. Higgs studied under Martin Shallenberger
in 1878, now at Storm Lake, Iowa. W. W. Hammond, son of A. (1.
Hammond of Wyoming, is now in practice at Peoria. Lawyer Kerns,
read law at Peoria. Frank Marsh read law under Martin Shallon-
berg-er, was admitted to the bar, is now in Neljraska. Ilenrv 0. Fuller
was admitted to the bar here and ]s now a resident lawyer of Peoria.
Harry Pierce was admitted to the bar in May, 1883. Gi'ant Newell, a
son of Dr. O. W. Newell, of Bradford, studied law at Chicago in 1885.
Among the lawyers who practiced here, not hitherto mentioned,
were Shill, Fraser, Kinners and Mirrin, 1818-50; Fleming, Hazard, W.
Sandford, Craig, H. L. Miller, Perley, Davidson, Blair, Keed, Sanders,
Fenice, Porter, Richmond, Stone, Bishop, AVilliams, Farwell, Hinman,
Walshe and Page, 1851-61 ; Jolinson, P. S. Pei'ley, D. C. Young, Ste-
phens, George Puterlmugh, Cooper, Worrell, Moss, M. Kendall, Ide,
G. G. Gibbons, 1862-9; J. C. Maclin, G. E. Ford, Shaw, Ingersoll,
Brawbey, Herron, Fargo, Hannaman, Kretzinger, F. W. Wright, Bas-
sett, Cornell, Emerson, Wear, Jack and G. M. Dixon, in 1870-1 ;
McKinzie, F. S. Potter, J. S. Starr, in 1872 ; J. E. Busli, M. M. Lucy,
L. Allen, Winchester, J. E. Cone and Ulrich, are names of attorneys
on the docket in 1878; Talliaferro, Pepper, Gannon, Olson, Pettee, B.
P. Duffy, C. C. Wilson and J. P. Miller, in 1879 ; Price, Shepherd,
Marston, Foster, Raum, in 1881-2; M. M. Bassett, in 1883; F. S. Bos-
settei-, C. W. McGovernand Muckle, in 1881 ; W. S. Brackett, Moore,
Bradford and Prince, in 1885.
While many important civil cases have been tried and disposed of
here, a large number have been carried to the Supreme Court, and be-
fore that court some of the most elaborate ai-guments on i-ecord have
been made by Stark county lawyers. In criminal matters the county
is almost barren. The few ca})ital crimes committed are noticed as
follows : Piney Arnold, once a resident of Stark county, murdered
James M. Sweeney at Solana, Cal., in 1859, and was tried, convicted
and sentenced in January, 1860. In November, 1865, one Archie
Moore murdered one Lafferty in presence of a number of people, and
then lied. C^aptain Brown, then sheriff, learned that a letter was
mailed to him at Farmington, and, going thither, awaited Moore. The
plan succeeded, and the murderer was taken to tiie Peoria jail. Joseph
H. Wilbur, while returning from tlie postoffice at Lafayette to his
home, on the evening of October 13, 1867, was assaulted and killed.
David Anshutz was arrested on the charge. The trial took ])lace in
November, 1868. Martin Shallenberger represented the })eople. Judge
Howe the prisoner. He was found guilty, and the jury fixed the pun-
ishment at twenty-one years in state's prison. Stewart Bowers mur-
dered Paxton Perry, son of Anderson Perry, of Goshen township, at
THE COUKTS AND BAR. 167
the bank corner at Toulon, Jul\' 4. The case was tried at Toulon, l)e-
fore Judge Cochran nnd jury. jVI;irtin Shallenl)ergei' and the hite AV.
W. O'Brien defended Bowers, James IL Miller and Judge Puterbaugh
])rosecnted. A verdict of "not guilty" was returned, as the charge of
murder could not be maintained. It appeared on the trial that they
often went into the timber to play Indian, shooting at one another,
dodging the bullets behind trees. Bowers subsequently married
Perry's sister, and is now a prosperous citizen at JSTebraska. The
shooting of John Hopkins 1)}^ Benson S. Scott, at Duncan, occurred in
July, IST'J.
Peter lluber of West Jersey township was murdered by a tramp
named Church, December 1, 1881. This Church was a resident of Tou-
lon for over twenty years, wdiere it is said he married a very question-
able character. The coroner's jur}^ — W. A. Hampton, A. Kamerer,
S. M. Huffman, Xaam I]. Leigh, J. M. Wick and Francis Dugan — found
that Andrew J. Church stabbed Huber, from which wound the latter
died in eight or ten minutes. Robert H. Thompson and Wm. H. Bell
arrested the murderer near Henry Godfrej^'s house, wdiile trying to
escape. The trial took ])lace in April, 1882. J. E. Decker and A. P.
Miller defended ; B. F. Thompson and J. IT. Miller prosecuted. He was
found guilty, and sentenced to hard labor for life. Sylvester Makinson
was sentenced to death, March 15, 1885, and executed May 11, for the
murder of Mrs. M. E. Copeland. In April, 1886, William and Mrs.
McCaul of Coal A'illage, were tried for the murder of the little Sturm
child, but acquitted. Martin Shallenberger and James H. Miller
defended, winning an acquittal.
The law circle of the county, like the county, is small; but large in
all those qualities wdiich bring honor to its membership, and tinge all
dealings with honesty and ability. I^Towhere in this State or outside
it does a higher sense of integrity obtain than within Stark county's
limited legal circle.
CHAPTEE IX.
JOURNALISM AND LITEKATURE.
[IE history of the press of the county presents an apt illus-
tration of its progress. Periiaps in the wliole world of jour-
nalism there cannot be found its equal in nianl}^ expression
and sound reasoning — certainly not its superior. A great
deal of courtesy is manifested in the offices, a "svestern
friendliness exists among the journalists, and, above all, a
desire to do justice to the people, by exposing what is
wrong, and commending what is right, is a})parent. Tlie
business of a newspaper is to give the neivs. This may be
done in different ways; but journals agree upon one point
— that their readers are entitled to adequate information
respecting whatever notewoi'thy thing has happened. It is
also the business of the press to review the 7i€ios, and herein
consists the higher element of journalism. The charge, so jnstly brought
against many of the sul)sidized papers of the great cities, and also against
the little sheets of eastern towns for narro^v, anti-national reviews was
never api)lical)le here. Many of the owners and editors of the Stark
county journals have devoted the Ijest years of their lives to this dis-
trict ; they have, so to speak, a stake in the country, and with it a
reputation for ■|)robity and sound judgment which they have held
during the building up of our institutions and I'efiected through their
newspapers and books.
The Prairie Advocate was issued January 4, 1856, by John G,
Hewitt, editor; and John Smith, j)rinter and publisher. The sub-
scribei's' list shows aljout 000 names. On the front page is the carriers'
address to the patrons of the Prairie Advocate, on page 2, the saluta-
tory, general news and a six-verse rhythmic acknowledgement of a
Christmas donation visit, written by Kev. C. Brinkerhoff. Page 3 is
given up to marriage notices and advertisements, so also is page 4,
The local news seemed to be the least appreciated at that time, as it
received very little notice. Charles Smith was the carrier boy. In
establishing this journal. Judge Hewitt, a dentist here at that time,
interested a number of his fellow citizens in the ]iroject, and, with a
$300 bonus, he visited John Smith, of Pekin, and agreed with him to
move the office to Toulon. The type was antique, indeed, and fit
company for the p'^'ess — supposed to be the third printing press intro-
duced into this state. Toward the middle of the year, Oliver "White,
then a school teacher at Toulon, became a regular contributor, and
])assed so much time in the office that he learned to work at the case.
Moving to Henry county, he took a position on the Dial. John Smith
meantiine, sold his interest to Hewitt and retired to farm life, leaving
168
JOURNAIJSM AND LITP:KATUKE. 169
the latter to carry on the Advocate until earlj^^ in 1857, Avhen he sold
the entire oufit to Rev. K. V. Dunn, avIio chaug'od the title to i\\eStarlx'
County Xcws
Tlie /Sta/'l- County News is the regular successor of the Pioneer
Advocate^ as purchased 1)}" Mr. Dunn, in the spring of 1857, who gave
it its ]n'esent title. After a few months he sold tlie office to Messrs.
AV'hitakei" and Henderson, who placed Dr. S. S. Jvaysl)ier in charge as
editor. At the close of 18(50 the publication sus):)ended, and the Neios
office was a blank until the fall of 1861, when W. II. Butler took con-
trol, and resuscitating it. called his new venture the Stark County
Union.
The Starh County Union was non-political, but decidedly Unionist.
At that time no one waited for a local weekly ]iaj)er. Every one
rushed for the daily journals ; even advertising was forgotten, so
that, notwithstanding Mr. Butler's earnest effort and lil)eral outlay of
money, the Union was forced to suspend.
The Starh County News (revived) peered out from the debris of tlie
old office in the spring of 1863, and under the new lights by which
Dr. S. S. Kaysbier illuminated the now very small newspajier. The
little news became a power in the land. In January 1861, Oliver
AYhite joined Kaysbier in its publication, placed the name of Lincoln
at the head of an enlarged pa])er for a second term, purchased sole
ownershi}) in Julv and continued its publication until the fall of 1868,
when he sold a half interest to Joseph Smethurst, and in the spring of
1869 sokl the other half to Edwin Butler. Subsequently James A.
Henderson purchased Smethurst's interest, and with Mr. Butler
managed the paper until his death, Mrs. Henderson now holding her
late husband's share, and acting- as local editor of the News.
The Stark county Democrat was first issued July 19, 1860, the
price being- stated at fifty cents for the campaign. Martin Shallen-
l)erger was editor, with CI. A. Clifford, AY. H. Butler, Charles ]\[yers,
Ben. AVilliams, J. II. Anthony, J. B. liassell, AY. D. Hicks and Thomas
Ross, assistant editors. It advocated the election of the "Little
Giant," or Stephen A. Douglas. The policy of the editor is portrayed
in lines written June 1, I860, l)v '•'■' IVfelville " for the first issue, the last
verse of which is thus given :
"Curses fall on his name, bliglit forever his fame, who this glorious union would sever,
Who would part the fair stars that our banner adorn,
His ambition to feast on the wrecks of the storm,
When Lil)erty's svm's set forever."
In the issue of November 3, 1860, printed by C. Bassett, of Ive-
wanee, 111., this notice appears: "BAY UB. AYe shall jiublish one
more number of this ]^a})er, giving the full election returns throughout
the United States, when the Democrat will be no longer ])ublishecr.
AYe expect emry man who is in arrears will pay up now." The little
sheet, thirteen by nineteen inches, recommending itself as the best
advertising medium in the county, and having- one column of the
same. The "largest dry goods merchants," B. Ar J. Nowlan, having
recently purchased the entire stock of Thos. B. Starrett, indulge in a
four-inch ad. Rockwell's saloon is also advertisetl. For politics, Lin-
170 TIISTORY or STAKK COUNTY.
coin is slurred and liis stories ridiculed, while Douglas is represented
<as making rapid strides toward the ]?residency. Under the head of
"Carrying Coals to Newcastle" are noted the meetings held by
Republicans in Elmira.
Some facts respecting the origin of the Stark county Deinocrat of
1860 will not be out of phice. On July 6, 1860, a meeting of leading-
democrats was held at Toulon to take ste})s toward the publication of
a ]>arty journal. E. L. Emerv suljmitted a plan prepared by M.
Shallenberger, })roviding for a stock subscription to carry the work on
for a stated time. This stock was to be assessed just as required, but,
sliould the paper become self-supporting, tlie amount of capital stock
unpaid would be still collected and applied to the printing and distri-
bution of Douglas literature. This plan was ado])ted and the gentle-
nuMi named as editors were elected. P. Nowlan was elected fiscal
agent and bookkeeper, and Benjamin Turner, distributing agent. The
agents appointed to canvass the different towns were Benj. Turner, E.
L. Emery, T. J. AVright, Wm. B. Armstrong and G. J. Taggart,
Toulon; M. Blanchard and B. F. Thompson, Osceola; James Holgate
and Dexter Wall, Penn; J. Mofht and H. Col well, Essex; John Morris
and Benj. ['xmghn. Valley; Jesse Funk and J. Hepperly, Elmira; E.
Mailvley and J. M. Parker, West Jersey; Jesse Atherton and T. W.
Ross, Goshen. It was also agreed that the Toulon National Demo-
cratic Association present a banner to tlie town furnishing the largest
list of" subscribers. The ])roceedings were signed 1)y D. McCance,
president, and F. A. Forman, secretary, of the Toulon National Demo-
cratic Association.
The relations between the Neios (Republican) and the Democrat in
August, 1860, ma}" be judged of by the following paragraphs:
"A HOLY THING. A whiskey barrel in a Democratic community
where there are augers handy." — Stark county News.
••The same old stereotyped charge which the editor (shade of departed
Franklin, forgive us!) of the News likes to make. •People who live in
glass houses should never throw stones." " — Stark county Democrat.
"AN EMPTY ^.nilNG. A whisky barrel in a ball-room, wlien a
Eepublican editor has had an opportunity to suck at the bung-hole.'" —
Stark county Democrat.
Stark C^ounty Democrat^ not that of 1860, was first issued August 2,
1867, by Seth F^ Rockwell, from the office in the Culbertson budding,
in Rockwell's row. M. Shallenberger was political editor. In the
latter's salutatory address, it is stated that with the exception of the
campaign journal of 1860, "it is the first time in the history of the
county that any other than a Republican paper has been published."
Indeed, it may lay claim to be the pioneer Democratic pulJication,
since that of 1860 was only inspired and written here, but printed and
published at Kewanee. This lirst number contains a criticism of the
first chai)ter of the history of Stark county, printed in the News., sup-
l)Osed to be written by the editor-in-chief. The Democrat was regu-
larly issued up to December 25, 1867, when a notice appeared stating
that its publication w^ould be suspended through the holidays. No. 20
JOURNALISM AND LITEKATURE. 171
appeared on Januaiy 8, 1808, and every week tliereafter to the close
of October of that year. In November, 1808, paper had not arrived;
there was a l>rief suspension, and the next issue was ])ubhshed under
the name The Prairie Chief. On August 19, 1808, S. F. Rockwell is-
sued his valedictory. The Prairie Chief, Avith M. Shallenberger and
Ben. W. Seaton editors. Yol. II., No. 2, appeared November LS, 1808.
The editors gave as a reason for the change of name: "'We think the
heading of the paper looks better." In April, 1872, he sold the Chief
to Henry M. Hall, who published regularly until January, 1870, (when
he moved to loAva) under the title JSeai Era., a Democratic paper.
The Kit Klux Bulletin was issued at Toulon, May 7, 1809. Its
motto was, "Chide mildly the erring." Its editors were ''Grand Cv-
clops," ''White Alligator" and "Rattling Skeleton;" or, as alleged,
Thomas Shallenberger, Charles W. Wright and Albinus Nance, the
latter afterwards governor of Nebraska. The following extract from
the salutatory gives an idea of the principles of this journal: ''Our
Pulletin is not a religious paper. Others may ])rate of the orthodox,
the martyrs, and the clergy; of the peace and happiness of religion,
and spiritual hap])iness ; but we ])refer to deal with the human crea-
tures about us. We do not confine ourselves to any sect or creed ; we
are on the side of reform, and our field of labor is as broad as the uni-
verse. Toulon needs reorganizing, and we attempt to reorganize her.
Let us ho])e that we may meet with better success than Artemus, when
he attempted to reorganize Betsy Jane." The first page was maiidy
devoted to a story called " The 'Lyon ' Hunt," a local subject. On the
third page the (piestion is asked, "Why is our barber like Charlie
Wright?" and answered, "Because he never wears out the knees of
his breeches in secret prayer." On the fourth l)age the im])ortant
question is asked, " Why is P. M Blair like a turkey gobbler?" and
answered, "Because he cant swallow a billiard liall." Almost every
one learned sometliing regarding himself from this little four ])age
journal; but it was not a success, the editors grew tired, and like the
clan after whom it \vas named, colla])sed.
Ilolly Starl\ a tri-Aveekly newspaper, was issued l)y Olivei' White
at Toulon, in 1870. The little journal was decidedly republican, aud
carried the name of James CI. Blaine for President.
Toulon seuii-weekly Ileraid., a four-page, twenty-four-column jour-
nal followed MoUi/ Starl'. Yol. lY, No. 1, was issutnl July 2, i8S0,
l)earing the editorial name of E. H. Phelps. This, too. was re])ublican,
carrying a twin miniature picture of (4arfield and Arthur at the head
of its local cohunus. In every issue of this paper a- desire to give the
people news, and plenty of it, is manifested. Among the eccentricities
of the types, the following notice from the Peoria Call, relating to the
Jferald office, bi'ings foi'th one: "The Toulon Herah] has a poet, and
the poet wrote a beaiitiful little poem all about 'a IViend with a heai't
of gold,' and the Herald ])ri liters set it u]) a 'heart of Chicago,'' and
when Plieli)s, the ])i';!ctical and mattar-of-fact editor of the IferaUL
read the ])roof. he mildly wondercMl at th(> ])liysi()Iogical ]i<Hndiarity of
the friend's heai't, l)iit didn't i|uestion the accuracy of the statement,
and so it went through the paper, 'heart of Chicago;' and now the
172 IIISTOKY OF STAEK COUNTY.
poet threatens to put a head on the whole office, if they don't fix the
thing u]) satisfactorily." It is said that this paper was moved to
Wyoming in 1881, and published there under the name of Wyoming
Herald.
The Stark countv Senthrel closed its sixth volume, September 23,
1886. The paper was first issued October 8, 1880. On April 30, 1881,
the partnership between Thomas IT. Blair and Will E. Nixon was dis-
solved, and that of W. E. Tsixon and J. K. Hall formed, which existed
until ALay, 1882, when Mr. Hall became sole owner. On January 1,
1884, Gus Ilulsizer purchased an interest in the paper. This copart-
nership, existing between J. Knox Hall and Gus Ilulsizer, Avas dis-
solved Fel)ruary 13, 1885, and the latter became sole owner and editor.
The Sentinel is now one of the strongest prohibition journals in tlie
state. It is well edited, full up of local news, and claims a very wide
circulation in the western states, as well as in this county. The editor,
in closing volume six, says: "AYe are thankful for the friends we
have got, and are ready to hea]i coals of fire on the heads of our ene-
mies; in fact, do anything honorable to keep our 'list' booming and
bring delinquents to time, and we greatly fear when oui* spirit departs
it "will seriously haunt the lives of some, unless they bring up their
arrears soon. Amid clouds and sunshine, buoyant hopes and ])rospects
figured out mountain high, we change to volume seven and thank our
numerous readers for liberal support, kind words, and timely advice,
and ho]^e by judicious management and fine maneuvering to retain all
and <>-ather in manv more."
The ti'i-weekly CaJl was issued by ]Sixon Bros, at Toulon, March
20, 1883. It was changed to the semi-weeklv Call, but ceased puljli-
cation August 16, 1883.
The Post-Chronicle dates l)ack to 1872, when E. H. Phel]>s. now of
Kansas Oity, was requested to found a newspaper at Wyoming. The
first number was issued August 9, 1872, to eighty ])a_ying subscribers.
Tlie name ado])ted \vas due to the fact that the Bradford Chronicle
then held the field in the eastern townshijis, and the new ])aper was
in fact a consolidation of the newspaper interests of AVyoming and
Bradford.
The AVyoming Post, a new name given to the pioneer journal of
the town, made its appearance within a few months under Mr. Phel]«'
charge, and continueil in charge until the sale of liis paper to Gil-
christ. In October, 1878, Oraddock ilv: Yosburg issued their greetings
as editors of the Post. This journal continued in existence until Feb-
ruar}' 5, 1885, when it was consolidated with the Herald., under the
name Post-lLrald. J. M. Xewton, of the last-named journal, holding
a position in the office almost continuousl}' from 1872 to 1885.
The Wyoming Ilerald was one of the journalistic enterprises of
E. II. Phelps. Whether it was a continuation of the Toulon Herald or
a se])ai-ate venture the writer will not say, Imt from the following para-
gra])h, which a])i)eared in tlie Peoria rA^^/yv?«/, Noveiid)er ]2. is^d, it
appears to be identical with the Toulon Herald, excei)t in name of
office: "When Phelps of Xht^^yonxmg Hercdd sold out to Gilchrist,
the paper he was then publishing — the Wyoming l\)st — he agreed
JOUKNALISM AND LITERATUKE. 173
not to pul)Tisll a paper in Stark county for five years. Eecently
he removed his |)a})er from Toulon to Wyomino-, and thus game m
(hrect conflict with Gilclirist's successor, Sandham. Tlio hitter has
now asked for an injunction restraining- Phelps from publishing the
Herald in AVyoming. The point is to be argued in this city next
week." Agreeable to the above facts, B. F. Thompson, ])etitioner"'s
attorney, and J. II. jMiller, defendant's attorney, went to Peoria to
argue the case before Judge McCulloch." It is clear, however, that the
Iierald survived this attack, for in April, 1SS2, Chandler & Sweeney
]nirchased the office from E. H. Plielps, who left for Kansas Oitv. In
February, 18S4, L. W. C-handler sold his interest to A. AV. llotchkiss;
Sweeney also dis])Osed of his interest, and on January 1, 1885, the
])ublicati()n of a tri- weekly newspaper ceased, the owners continuing a
weekly journal, until its consolidation with the Post under the name
Fost-JIerald. On February 5, 1885, the flrst number of the Posf-
Herald was issued, with AY. P. Sandham and A. AY. llotchkiss, pul)-
lishers. Jason M. Newton has been assistant editor from ])rior to this
time to Januarv, 188(;, and editor since that time, thus leaving Mr.
Sandham free to attend to his official duties as Superintendent of
Schools. The Post-Herald is an excellent weekly ])aper. Sound judg-
ment marks its progress; while in its local and editorial columns the
enterprising spirit of the town of its publication is nnide manifest.
A. W. llotchkiss, so long connected with this ])a])er, is publisher of the
Wo^-Keeueij Trlhune^ in Kansas.
The Dalhj Post Herald is a newsy sheet, issued from this office
during the fairs of the Central Agricultural Society. In make-up and
local news it vies with anv of the penuv dailies of our laro-e cities.
The jSta/'k Count ij Bee was issued m 1870, at AVyoming, by M. M.
Monteith. Professing independence in politics Avhile leaning toward
republicanism, it could not exist very long, nor did it.
The Bradford ('hr<))il<'Je dates l)ack to the spi'ing of 1872, l)ut
there is no ])ositive information at Inind to warrant the statement that
it was published tlien. In August of that year it was consolidated
with the Post, at AVyoming, under tiie title Post-Chronicle.
The Bradford Times was flrst issued December 25, 188(». Tlie salu-
tatory was as follows: '' The cpiestion will })rol)ably arise in the minds
of. many who receive this copy of the Tiiaes, AVhat is the use of anotlier
])aper in Stark county? AVe answer l)y saying that the peo])le of Bi'ad-
ford tliink tliey can support a ])ai)er. They also think that while it
may be beneflcial to them in manv ways it can do them no ])ossible
harm. This is all the excuse we have to offer, simply letting the |)a])er
speak foi' itself. F. N. Prout, editor."' ■ Prof. AY. li. Sandhanrs naine
appears as editor Sei)tember 21, 1881 The Times was not ])i'inted at
Jh'adford. The l^radford Lndependeid was issued June 4, 1885, fi-om
the flrst printing office ever established at Bradford, by (\ F. Ihimil-
ton and J. C. Blaisdell, the latter continuing in pai'tnershii) until .June
1, 188(1, when Air. Hamilton became sole owner.
TJte Lafdijrtle Annex was issued l)y S. A. Miller in Octol)ei', 188o.
In June, 1881 S. A. Aliller changed the name i.)ft\\e Annex io the Lafnij-
ette Sentinel^ under which the paper was published to its close.
174 HISTOKY OF STARK COUNTY.
AUTHORS OF PUULISIIKD WORKS.
IP we exce])t the liistorical contributions of George Clifford to tlie
})ress. the readal^le little book of 1863, by Oliver AYhite, on the marine
artillery, and the pamphlet on the progress of the R. I. & P. R. E., by
P. M. Blair, in 1869, we must j^lace the historical work of Mrs. Shal-
lenl^erger first, and her name among the first authors in the county.
Stark ( 'ountu and Its Pioneers is the title of this work, issued from
the press of the Prairie Chief -aX Caml)ridge, 111., in 1876, and dedica-
ted to the ]iioneer families of the country. Apart entirel}'^ from the
])raiKe wliich should be accorded to the writer or compiler of local
history, this vokime should earn for its author both praise and thanks;
for in it are found many items, which never could be obtained had she
not made the effort prior to 1875. Again, the woi'k bears evidence of
her desire to be exhaustive ; it is the result of two and a half years of
literary work, and a testimonial for all time to her industrv and her
a])preciation of what is due to the past, to the present and to the
future. While the volume does not pretend to contain anything like
the whole ]:)ioneer story of the county, it forms one of the most valu-
able contrilmtions to local history which has come under the notice of
the writer since 1871, when he entered on historical work.
Pen sl'etches of service in the marine artiUery. In May. 1863 there
was ])ublished at Toulon a little book by Oliver "White, under this
title. His contributions to the press are generally well ])repared.
Tlis History of tJie 112t]i Pegt. III. Vol. Inf. was completed Novem-
ber 19, 1885, and issued from the press of the Starl' Countij News the
same year. The ty])e, paj)er and binding reflect nmch credit on the
book depai'tment of that office. Tiie work contains 480 ])ages of
])riiite(l mattei", devoted solely to the 112th i-egiment. The author.
Captain I>. F. Thompson, treats his subject exhaustively and well.
So thoroughly has his task been performed old comrades of his regi-
ment, after reading the book, sit doAvn content as they did when Lee
surrendered, and say : — 'AVe have no more to learn-— it is all there."
The historical addresses of the Hendersons, Miles A. Fuller, Millers,
Martin Shallenberger and the historical reminiscences of AY. H. Adams
and many others, credited with such stoi'ies in this work, have gone far
to Vender the work of the historian light, aiul the benefits to their
fellow citizens very material. Beliind all this there is a literary under-
current prevailing in the county which is manifested in ])apers on
s])ecial subjects, and in a few instances cai-ricd into ciiurch and other
records.
I cannot leave this subject without touching on the ])oets and
])oetry of the cotmty. In a few instances their verses are introduced
ill one or other of the various chapters: but beyond this, and it must
be regretted, the character of this record-book will not })ermit their
l)ublication. Many of the poets write under assumed names, such as,
" Nina,'' while a few subscribe their full names — among whom are the
Stewarts and StoufTers. From 185<'. to the ])resent time the county
]U'ess has contained very choice poems fi'om local poets.
The literary circles, too. have jiroduced some excellent essayists,
SCHOOLS AND INSTITUTE.
175
but, like the poets, their labors must claim only a general notice. So,
too, with the debating societies. Their logical contests cannot be re-
counted ; but in each case the names of the essayists and debators are
given in the history of the townshi])s.
In music and })ainting, in law and medicine, the county will more
than compare with any other 288 square miles of an equal population
in the universe.
CHAPTER X.
SCHOOLS AND INSTITUTE.
IvOM 1821 to 1869 Illinois received no less than $713,195.45
from the ]n'oceeds of sales of school lands, together with
S117,919 of the it^28,()0O,O()(> surplus divided by Congress in
1836 among the states. The land grant for educational
purj)oses comprised 985,066 acres for common schools and
4<i,oso acres foi- universities. The report of the State
Supei'intendent of Public Instruction for the year ending-
June 30, 1883, was issued in April, 1881. It shows the
\vhole number of persons under twenty-one years of age in
the state to be 1,510,918, as compared with 1,529,318 in
1882, and 1,500,255 in 1880. The number between the
ages of six and twenty-one years is 1,016,936, as compared with 1,037,-
567 in 1882. The increase under this head is 166,223 in the eleven
years reported since 1872. There are now 1,096,540 persons in Illinois
of school age, and the school enrollment is 743,343. Many changes
have been made in the original school laws of the state, each one tend-
ing to improve the system. The amendment ])roviding for the elec-
tion of district school directors came into force in May, 1857. A few
years ago the act regulating the meeting of teachers' institutes came
into operation and has been attended with beneficial results.
The first school district was No. 1, of Essex in 1833, where a school-
house was built July 4, 1834. Adam Perry presided here three
months, receiving $55.50 from Isaac P. Essex. " On July 8, 1835, Miss
Sahrina Chatfield received sl3 for teaching here three "months. Miss
Chatfield nuii-ried B. L. llilhard, and died in Clark county, Iowa, as
related in the township history. From this small beginning the school
system has grown iq) to its i)i'esent important place. The action of
the county couiiuissioners in 1839, in a[)pointing trustees for the school
lands of the several townshi])s, is referred to in the chapter on the
organization of the county. In the history of the townships the schools
ai-e treated as fully as records would pei-mit, so that in this chapter all
relating sj)ecially to the tcnvnships is omitted.
The school commissioners or county superintendents from 184(» to
the jiresent time are named as follows : James Holgate, 1840; Chas.
II. Miner, 1841-5 (died in Chicago about 1850); James P. Lewis,1845-9.
H
17() HISTORY OF STAKK COUNTY.
(Lewis taiiglit school in the " Old Brick," which stood ^vhe^e Pierson
Miller's house now is). Samuel G. Wright was elected in 1841) over
Martin Shallenberger. He was reelected in 1851 over Thomas J. Hen-
derson and G. A. Clifford ; reelected in 1853 over Lucius E. Miner. In
1855 R. C. Dunn was elected; reelected in 1857; reelected in 1859.
N. F. Atkins was chosen in 1861, reelected in 1863. but dying Ijefore
expiration of term, his place was filled b}^ J. W. Agard. Following
Mr. Agard were B. G. Hall, now in Iowa ; Alonzo Abbott, of Brad-
ford, a member of the institute of 1886; Amelia L. Ilalsey, now a
Chicago teacher, and W. R. Sandham, the pi'esent county superin-
tendent and member of the State Board of Education. The dates of
election, candidates for the offices, votes and party to which each can-
didate belonged are all given in the political chapter.
The principal school statistics for each half decade since the close
of the war are given as follows: The order of figures is : Year, 1st
column ; nundjer of districts, 2d ; number of school houses, 3d ; school
not kept, 4th; number of pii])ils under 21 years, 5th; number attend-
ing, 6th ; number of males, Ttli ; number of females, 8th ; number of
graded schools, 0th ; number of male teachers, 10th ; number of female
teachers, 11th ; total receipts for scliool purjioses. 12th column :
1865 — 76 — 71 — 5 — 4798 — 3042 — 1550 — 1 492 — 1 -
-24 — 115 — 17,494.39
1870 — 69 — 74 — 1 — 5014—3138 — 1654 — 1484— 
