Full text of "Elementary education acts. Appendix to the Final report of the Royal Commission appointed to inquire into the working of the Elementary education acts, England and Wales"

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ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS. 


APPENDIX 

TO   THE     • 

FINAL      REPORT 

OP   THE 

ROYAL    COMMISSION 

APPOINTED    TO    INQUIRE    INTO    THE   WORKING   OF    THE 

ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION  ACTS, 

„„-.-^     ENGLAND  AND  WALES. 

'  THE 

UNIVERSITY 

^VMenuli  to  bottf  |i^ott0e0  of  Vsivli&mmt  tv  iS'ominaitli  of  IS^tv  fiUm^tv^ 


LONDON: 
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BY  EYRE  AND  SPOTTISWOODK, 

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HODGES,  FIGGIS,  &  Co.,  704,  Grafton  Stbkbt.  Dublin. 


1888. 
rC — 5485.-IV.]     Price  5s.  Sd. 


7^  ^77 


TABLE    OF    CONTE*NTS. 


Copy  of  a  letter  addressed  by  Mr.  Patrick  Cumin,  C.B.,  Secretary  to  the  Education  Department,  to . 
the  Chairman  of  the  Commission         ..-....-. 


FsRe 


Return  to  an  Order  of  the  House  of  Lords,  dated  loth  May  1888,  for  return  of  the  regulations  and 
byelaws  at  present  in  force  in  each  school  board  district  in  England  and  Wales  respecting  the 
religious  teaching,  the  reading  of  Scripture,  and  religious  observances  in  board  schools  (the  Earl  of 
Harrowby).     With  Appendices  -.-..-..-5 

First  Appendix  (being  schemes  and  syllabuses  of  Religious  Instruction  too  lengthy  for  insertion 

in  body  of  Iteturn)  ..-.....-.       337 

Second  Appendix.     Cases  where  the  replies  were  received  after  the  main  portion  of  the  Return  had 

been  sent  to  the  printers  -....--..       394 

Third  Appendix.     Cases  in  which  it  appeared  that  the  Church  Catechism  was  laught        -  -       400 

Fourth  Appendix.     List  of  districts  in  which  no  provision  is  made  for  religious  teaching,  reading,  or 

observances         ..--......-       408 

Copies  of  memorials  and  suggestions  which  have  been  addressed  to  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education, 

with  Index    -.----.--..-       409 


55387. 


Wt.  8009. 


A  2 


* 


Copt  of   a   Letter    addressed    by   Mr.    Patrick    Cumin,  C.B.,    Secretary   to  the 
Education  Department,  to  the  Chairman  of  the  Commission. 


My  Lord.  Education  Department,  December  9,  1887. 

I  UNDERSTAND  that  the  evidence  proposed  to  be  taken  by  the  Royal  Commission 
is  now  complete,  and  that  upon  this  evidence  the  report  now  under  consideration  is  to 
rest. 

Now,  in  justice  to  the  Deparftnent  and  to  myself  I  desire  to  point  out  that  although 
something  like  120  witnesses  have  been  called  to  furnish  information  I  am  the  only 
witness  who  has  been  called  to  explain  the  conduct  of  the  Department  and  the  general 
principles  upon  which  it  has  acted. 

In  every  inquiry  which  has  hitherto  taken  place  into  the  conduct  of  any  public 
Department,  and  particularly  in  the  case  of  three  Education  Commissions — that  for 
Enarland  under  the  Duke  of  Newcastle  ;  that  for  Scotland  under  the  Duke  of  Argyll ; 
and  that  for  Ireland  under  Loi'd  Powys — one  of  the  chief  witnesses  has  always  been 
the  Permanent  Secretary  of  the  Department  which  formed  the  subject  of  inquiry.  It 
seems  obvious  enough  that  the  Permanent  Secretary  of  a  Department  is  the  only  person 
who  has  complete  knowledge  of  the  facts  during  his  tenure  of  office,  or  can  with 
authority  explain  the  policy,  the  principles,  and  the  practice  of  the  Department  over 
which  he  presides,  and  who.  after  the  Minister  of  the  day,  is  primarily  responsible. 

But  in  this  case,  for  the  first  tiriae  in  the  history  of  such  inquiries,  this  practice  has 
been  disregarded.  It  is  true  that  for  some  four  years  I  have  occupied  the  position 
of  Secretary,  but  for  14  years  (1870-1884)  I  occupied  the  subordinate  position  of 
Assistant  Secretary.  During  tliat  period,  when  the  policy,  the  principles,  and  the 
practice  of  the  Department  were  substantially  settled,  my  knowledge  was  of  necessity 
partial  and  incomplete,  nor  can  I  accept  the  slightest  responsibility  for  the  conduct  of 
the  Department.  In  short,  during  these  14  years  I  acted  under  the  orders  of  my 
superiors. 

When  summoned  as  a  witness  I  might,  no  doubt,  have  declined  to  give  evidence 
upon  any  matter  which  occurred  during  that  period.  It  seemed,  however,  to  me  more 
respectful  to  furnish  the  Commissioners  with  all  the  information  at  my  command. 
But.  admitting  this,  it  certainly  never  occurred  to  me  that  I  was  being  put  forward  as 
the  responsible  representative  of  the  Department  during  the  time  of  my  predecessors, 
and  I  certainly  anticipated  and  had  every  reason  to  believe  that  iny  evidence  would  be 
supplemented,  confirmed,  and,  if  necessary,  corrected  by  those  under  whom  I  had  been 
acting,  and  who  were  themselves  responsible  for  everything  I  did. 

In  order  to  avoid  any  misapprehension  I  have  thought  it  right  and  necessary  to 
make  this  explanation,  and  I  shall  be  much  obliged  if  your  Lordship  will  communicate 
this  to  the  other  Commissioners  and  consider  it  as  a  public  document. 

^      ~  I  am,  &c. 

(Signed)        PATRICK  CUMIN. 


Return  of  the  Regulations  and  Byelaws  at  present  in  force  in  each  School  Board 
District  in  England,  and  Wales  respecting  the  religions  teaching,  the  reading  of 
Scripture,  and  religious  observances  in  board  schools ;  with  a  list  of  such  districts 
in  which  no  provision  is  made  for  such  teaching,  reading,  or  obsei-vances ;  the 
time  allotted  to  each  subject  to  be  given ;  the  syllabus  of  religious  instruction,  if 
any,  to  be  appended  in  each  case ;  and  also  the  rules,  if  any,  for  annual 
examination  in  religious  knowledge. 


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27 


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75 


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Some  ol  the  schools  under  the  Board 
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practice  is  to  read  n  portion  of 
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APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL    REPORT. 


337 


First  Appendix  (being  Schemes  and  Syllabuses  of  Religious  Instraction  too 
lengthy  for  insertion  in  body  of  Return). 


No.  1. 
CHESHAM  SCHOOL  BOAKD,  BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 


Resolutions  fob  Bible  Instbuction. 

' '  That  in  tho  schools  provided  by  the  board  a  portion 
of  the  Bible  shall  be  daily  read :  that  tho  same  shall  be 
explained  in  such  a  manner  as  shall  be  saited  to  the 
capacities  of  the  children,  and  that  the  latter  shall 
afterwards  be  fully  questioned  thereon,  provided 
always  that  snch  explanations  as  shall  be  given  and 
such  questions  as  shall  be  asked,  shall  in  no  case  have 
reference,  either  direct  or  indirect,  to  any  subject 
involving  or  touching  upon  a  disputed  point  of  religious 
practice  or  doctrine ;  that  the  provisions  of  the  Ele- 
mentary Education  Act  of  1870,  in  sections  7  and  14, 
shall  at  all  times  be  strictly  observed,  both  in  letter 
and  in  spirit ;  and  that  no  attempt  shall  be  made  in 
any  such  schools  to  attach  children  to  any  particular 
denomination. 

"  That  tho  Bible  instruction  shall  be  imparted  only  by 
the  responsible  teachers  of  the  school,  or  by  such  other 
persons  as  shall  be  duly  authorised  by  the  board. 


' '  That  the  head  teacher  of  every  school  shall  prepare 
a  syllabus  of  the  proposed  subjects  of  Bible  instruction 
for  every  calendar  month,  and  deliver  the  same  in 
duplicate  to  tho  clerk  of  the  board  on  or  before  the 
first  day  of  tho  month  preceding  that  for  which  such 
syllabus  shall  have  been  prepared,  and  that  such 
syllabus  shall  not  take  effect  until  it  shall  have  been 
approved  of  by  the  board. 

' '  That  in  connexion  with  every  school  there  shall  be 
held  yearly  examinations  of  the  children  in  Bible 
knowledge,  and  that  the  board  shall  request  one  or 
other  of  the  ministers  of  religion  of  the  district,  or 
such  other  competent  person  or  persons  as  may  be 
appointed  by  the  board,  to  conduct  every  such  examina- 
tion ;  that  the  principal  subjects  of  examination  shall 
be  those  of  the  Bible  instruction  for  the  preceding  12 
months. 

"  That  during  the  time  of  Bible  instruction,  any 
children  withdrawn  from  such  instruction  shall  receive 
separate  teaching  in  secular  subjects." 


No.  2. 


SAWSTON  SCHOOL  BOARD,  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


Scheme  op  Religious  Instruction. 
I. — For  Candidates  and  Pupil  Teachers  only. 


Year. 


Old  Testament. 


The  Creation  to  the  giving  ot 
the  Ten  Commandments. 

The  making  of  the  Golden  Calf 
to  the  end  of  Saul's  reign. 

David's  lament  for  Saul  and 
Jonathan  to  the  end  of 
Jehoshophat's  reign. 

The  idolatries  of  the  Kingdom 
of  Jndah  to  the  last  of  the 
prophets. 


New  Testament. 


The  Gospel    according  to 

St.  Matthew. 

The   Gospel    according   to 
St.  Luke. 

Outlines  of  Gospel  History, 
and  Acts  i.  to  xii. 


Gospel  History, 
xiii.  to  end. 


and  Acts 


Eseplanation.  —  The  above  is  a  four-years'  course. 
All  candidates  and  pupil  teachers  will,  for  tho  first 
examination  under  this  scheme,  learn  tho  first  year's 
course.  For  the  second  examination  all  will  learn  tho 
second-year's  course,  and  so  on  for  the  fifth  year's 
examination,  reverting  to  the  first-year's  course. 

Candidates  and  pupil  teachers  may  be  grouped  for 
purpose  of  receiving  religious  instruction  from  head 
teachers,  and  need  not  bo  present  for  examination  if 
they  have  been  less  than  six  months  in  the  service  of 
the  board. 


II. — For  Scholars  in  all  three  Schools. 


Memory. 


Instructions. 


Old  Testament. 


New  Testament. 


Infants 


Standards  I. 
and  II. 


Standards 
III.  and  IV." 


Standard  V.  J 
and  upwards,  j 


The  Lord's  Prayer.     St.  Matt.  vi.  9-13. 

The  3rd  aud  5th  Commaudments.      Ex.  xx. 

7-12. 
St.  Mark  x.  13-16. 

Two  hymns  to  be  selected  by  head  teacher. 
Ten  of  the  15  selected  texts. 

The  Lord's  Prayer. 

The  Ten  Commandments. 

Psalms  i.  and  xxiii. 

Three  hymns  to  be  selected  by  head  teacher. 

The  Lord's  Prayer. 

The  Ten  Commandments. 

The  Beatitudes. 

Psalms  viii.  and  xv. 

Four  hymns  to  be  selected  by  head  teacher. 

The  Ten  Commandments. 
Psalms  xix.  and  xci. ;  1  Corinthians  xiii. 
The  Order  of  the  Books  of  the  Bible. 
Six  hymus  to  be  selected  by  head  teacher. 


Brief    account    of  tho    early 
lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 


Outlines  of  the  lives  of  Adam, 

Abel,  aud  Noah. 
Outlines      as      in     Diocesan 

Scheme. 

Simple  outlines  of  the  lives  of 
Abraham,  Isaac,  Jacob,  and 
.Toseph. 

Outlines  as  in  Diocesan 
Scheme. 

The  lives  of  Moses,  Gideon, 
Samuel,  Saul,  David,  Elijah, 
Elisha,  and  Daniel.  Four 
to  be  taken  in  each  year. 


Leading  facts  in  the  Life  of 
Christ  told  in  simple  lan- 
guage with  pictures. 


Outlines  of  the  Life  of  Christ 
as  in  Diocesan  Scheme. 


The  life  and  parables  of  Christ 
as  related  by  St.  Luke. 


The  life,  discoorses,  and  para- 
bles of  Christ  .%»  related  by 
St.  Matthew. 


E     55S87. 


Uu 


338 


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No.  3. 
ST.  AUSTELL  SCHOOL  BOARD,  CORNWALL. 


•.mxiaqq.a  j 


Syllabus  of  Religious  Instruction,  1888-89. 


"A,"  Infants. 
"B,"  Standards  I.  and 
II. 


"  C,"  Standard  III. 
"D,"  Standards  IV., 
v.,  VI.,  and  VII. 


In  mixed  schools,  if  infants  and  Standard  I.  are 
tanght  as  one  class,  they  may  take  "A,"  with  repeti- 
tion of  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Commandments  as  at 
end  of  "B."  Standards  II.  and  III.  may  also,  in 
mixed  schools,  lie  grouped  and  take  "  C." 

A. 

Old  Testament. — Creation  ;  Pall ;  Cain  and  Abel ; 
Flood ;  Life  of  Joseph  ;  Birth  of  Moses. 

New  Testament. — Brief  outline  of  our  Lord's  Life, 
with  special  reference  to  the  following  particulars : 
Birth;  Announcement  to  the  Shepherds;  Visit  of  the 
Wise  Men ;  Flight  into  Egypt ;  Presentation  in  the 
Temple ;  Christ  with  Doctors ;  Baptism  in  Jordan ; 
Blessing  Mttle  Children ;  Crucifixion ;  Resurrection  ; 
Ascension.  .^;u  an.    ; 

Repetition  of  the  Lord's  Prayer. 

B. 

Old  Testament.—  Creation  ;  Fall ;  Cain  and  Abel ; 
Flood;  Tower  of  Babel;  Trial  of  Abraham's  Faith; 
Joseph  in  Canaan  and  in  Egypt ;  Birth  of  Moses ;  The 
Exodus ;  Passage  of  the  Red  Sea ;  Early  Life  of 
Samuel ;  Death  of  Eli. 

New  Testament.— Birth  of  Christ ;  Visit  of  the  Wise 
Men ;  Flight  into  Egypt ;  Baptism ;  Tepiptation ; 
Blessing  Little  Children ;  Stilling  the  Tempest ;  Feed- 
ing 5,000  ;  Walking  on  the  Sea ;  Cleansing  the  Temple  ; 
Crucifixion  ;  Resurrection ;  Ascension. 

Repetition  hf  the  Lord's  Prayer  (with  suitable  ex- 
planation), Ten  Commandments,  23rd  Psalm  ;  and  the 
hymn  "  There's  a  Friend  for  Little  Children,"  or  "  Once 
in  Royal  David's  City." 

C. 

Old  Testament. — Creation ;  Fall ;  Cain  and  Abel  j 
the  Flood  ;  Tower  of  Babel ;  Call  of  Abraham ;  Lot's 
Choice :  Melchizedek ;  Sodom ;  Trial  of  Abraham's 
Faith ;  Joseph  in  Canaan  and  in  Egypt ;  Birth  of 
Moses  ;  Flight  into  Midian  ;  the  Exodus ;  Passage  of 
the  Red  Sea;  Giving  of  the  Law;  Worship  of  the 
Golden  Calf ;  Early  Life  of  Samuel  ;  Death  of  Eli. 

New  Testament. — Birth  of  Christ ;  Visit  of  the  Wise 
Men ;     Flight    into    Egypt ;     Baptism ;     Temptation ; 


Healing  the  Leper  and  Centurion's  Servant ;  Blessing 
Little  Children ;  Stilling  the  Tempest ;  the  Sick  of  the 
Palsy ;  Raising  of  Jairus'  Daughter,  Widow's  Son,  and 
Lazams  ;  Parable  of  the  Sower ;  Death  of  John  the 
Baptist ;  Feeding  6,000 ;  Walking  on  the  Sea ; 
Cleansing  the  Temple ;  Withered  Fig  Tree ;  Cruci- 
fixion ;  Resurrection  ;  Ascension  ;  Apostles  Imprisoned. 
Repetition  of  the  Lord's  Prayer  (with  suitable  ex- 
planation), Ten  Commandments,  1st  and  23rd  Psalms  ; 
and  the  hymn  "  There's  a  Friend  for  Little  Children," 
or  "  Once  in  Royal  David's  City." 

D. 

Old  Testament. — Appointment  of  Joshua  as  Leader ; 
Entry  into  Canaan  ;  the  Taking  of  Jericho  and  Ai ;  the 
League  between  Israel  and  the  Gibeonites  (as  contained 
in  Joshua  i.-ix.) ;  Birth  of  Samuel ;  Hannah's  Song; 
Call  of  Samuel ;  Death  of  Eli ;  the  Ark  in  the  Hands 
of  the  Philistines  (I.  Samuel  i.-vii.  2) ;  David  fetcheth 
the  Ark  from  Kirjath-jearim  {II.  Samuel  vi.  1-16). 

Life  of  Elijah  (as  contained  in  I.  Kings  xvii.,  xviii., 
xix.,  and  II.  Kings  ii.  1-15) ;  Early  Life  of  Daniel 
(chap,  i.) ;  Golden  Image ;  Deliverance  of  the  Three 
Hebrew  Children  (chap,  iii.) ;  Belshazzar's  Feast ;  the 
Conspiracy  against  Daniel  and  its  Result  (chap,  v.,  vi.). 

New  Testament Gospel  according  to  St.  Mark,  as 

follows :  the  Ofiice  of  John  the  ]3aptist ;  Baptism, 
Temptation,  and  Preaching  of  Christ ;  Call  of  Peter, 
Andrew,  James,  and  John  (i.  1-22) ;  Call  of  Matthew 
(ii.  14)  ;  Choosing  the  Twelve  Apostles  (iii.  13-21) ; 
Transfiguration  of  Christ  (ix.  2-10) ;  Christ  exhorteth 
to  Humility  (ix.  33-37);  the  Betrayal,  Trial,  Death, 
Burial,  Resurrection,  Appearances  afterwards,  and 
Ascension  of  Christ  (xiv.-xvi.). 

Parables. — Recorded  by  St.  Mark :  the  Seed  growing 
secretly  (iv.  26-29) ;  the  Householder  (xiii.  32-37). 

Miracles. — Recorded  by  St.  Mark :  Healing  the  Leper 
(i.  40-45) ;  Healing  the  Man  sick  of  the  Palsy  (ii.  1-12) ; 
Stilling  the  Storm  (iv.  35-41);  Walking  on  the  Sea 
(vi.  45-54) ;  Healing  the  Deaf  and  Dumb  Man  (vii.  31- 
37) ;  Healing  Blind  Bartimaeus  (x.  46-52). 

The  First  Journey  of  St.  Paul,  Acts  xiii.,  xiv. 

Repetition  of  Lord's  Prayer,  Ten  Commandments, 
53rd  Isaiah;  and  the  hymn  "  There's  a  Friend  for  Little 
Children,"  or  "Once  in  Royal  David's  City." 

N.B. — Paper  work  should,  as  a  rule,  be  taken  by 
children  in  Standard  V.  and  above.  Written  exercises 
should  be  confined  to  "  D." 


No.  4. 


TRURO  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS. 


Syllabus  op  Examination  for  Elementary  Schools, 
for  the  year  1888  (being  the  Third  Syllabus  of  the 
Four  Tear's  Course). 

Scholars  above  the  age  of  seven  should  be  taught 
directly  from  the  Bible. 

"  Standards  "  refer  to  Government  Standards. 
"Classes"  to  divisions  for  religious  instniction. 

All  the  events  and  teaching  to  be  found  in  the 
chapters  or  parts  of  chapters  of  the  Old  and  New 
Testament  mentioned,  are  included — the  heading  given 
is  simply  an  outline. 

The  selected  passages  might  be  repeatedly  read  to 
the  scholars  of  Class  I.,  if  they  are  bad  readers. 

The  examination  of  scholars  who  four  months  before 
the  day  of  the  inspection  were  above  Standard  I.,  will 
be  partly  written  and  partly  vivd  voce. 

The  written  part  of  the  examination  will  be  con- 
ducted as  follows : — 

Standard  II.  should  be  prepared  to  write  out  from 
memory  the  Lord's  Prayer  and  their  private 
prayers. 

Standard  III.  should  be  prepared  to  write  out  from 
memory  portions  of  their  repetition. 


Standard  IV.  and  upwards  should  be  prepared  to 
write  answers  to  general  questions  on  any  part  of 
their  work.     An  opportunity  will  be  afforded  these 
scholars  of  showing  some  knowledge  of  the  geo- 
graphy of  the  Holy  Land,  and  of  such  other  places 
as    are   mentioned    in    the    selected    portions    of 
Scripture,  by  vivd  voce  examination  with  the  aid  of 
a  map. 
At  the  time  of  the  examination  vivd  voce,  the  scholars 
who  have  been  on  the  registers  for  a  period  less  than 
four  months,  or  who  have  been  exceptionally  in-egular 
in  their  attendance,  should  be  so  placed  in, the  group  or 
groups  to  which  they  belong,  that  they  may  be  readily 
distinguished  by  the  inspector  from  other  scholars. 

For  Infants'  Schools, 

Old  Testament,  for  oral  teaching. — The  Creation  ; 
the  Fall ;  Cain  and  Abel ;  the  Flood ;  Life  of  Joseph  ; 
Birth  of  Moses. 

New  Testament,  for  oral  teaching. — Brief  outline  of 
our  Lord's  Life,  with  especial  reference  to  the  follow- 
ing particulars :  Birth ;  the  Announcement  to  the 
Shepherds ;    the  Visit  of  the  Wise  Men ;    the  Flight 


APPENDIXES  TO   FINAL   REPORT, 


389 


into  Egypt;  Presentation  in  the  Temple  ;  Christ  with 
(he  Doctors  ;  His  Baptism  j  Blessing  of  Little  Chil- 
dren ;  Entry  into  Jerusalem ;  the  Crucifixion ;  the 
Resurrection  ;  the  Ascension. 

To  be  learnt  by  Heart.— Simple  hymns ;  private 
prayers ;  texts,  or  short  portions  of  Scripture  (twelve  at 
the  least) ;  the  Creed  ;  and  the  Lord's  Prayer. 

Class  I. 

Old  Testament.— The  Creation ;  the  Fall ;  Life  of 
Joseph ;  Samuel  and  Eli.  As  contained  in  Gen.  i.-iii. ; 
rxrvii. ;  xxrix.  20—23;  xli.-xlv. ;  1  Sam.  iii. 

Now  Testament. — Our  Lord's  Bii-th,  Infancy,  Cruci- 
fixion, Besnrreotion,  and  Ascension.  As  contained  in 
Luke  i. ;  ii. ;  xxiii. ;  xxiv.  ;  Acts  i. 

Repetition  of  the  Apostles'  Creed,  the  Command- 
ments, and  the  Lord's  Prayer;  with  very  simple 
explanation. 

To  be  learnt  by  Heart. — Hymns  (three  at  ^e  least) ; 
private  prayers;  short  portions  or  texts  of  Scripture 
(ten  verses  at  the  least). 

Class  II. 

Old  Testament.— The  Creation  ;  the  Fall ;  Battles  of 
Ebenezer ;  History  and  Bringing  Home  of  the  Ark ; 
Solomon's  Wisdom ;  Life  of  Elijah.  As  contained  in 
Gen.  i.-iii.;  1  Sam.  iv. ;  v.,  1-5;  vi.  ;  vii.  1,  2; 
2  Sam.  vi.  1-19  ;  1  Kings  iii.  ;  xvii. ;  xviii. ;  xix  ; 
2  Kings  ii. 

New  Testament. — Our  Lord's  Birth,  Infancy,  and 
Youth:  teaching  by  Word  and  Deed;  Crucifixion, 
Resurrection,  and  Ascension.  As  contained  in  St. 
Luke  i. ;  ii. ;  v. ;  xv. ;  xxiii. ;  xxiv. ;  Acts  i. 

Repetition  of  the  Creed,  Commandments,  and  Lord's 
Prayer,  with  simple  explanation. 

To  be  learnt  by  Heart.  —Hymns  (four  at  the  least) ; 
private  prayers ;  portions  of  Scripture  (15  verses  at  the 
least). 

Class  III. 

Old  Testament.- The  Creation ;  the  Pall ;  Battles  of 
Ebenezer ;  History  and  Bringing  Home  of  the  Ark ; 
the  Building  of  the  Temple ;  Solomon's  Wisdom ; 
Lives  of  Elijah  and  Elisha.  As  contained  in  Gen.  i.- 
iii. ;  1  Sam.  iv.  ;  v.  1-5;  vi. ;  vii.  1-2;  2  Sam.  vi. 
1-19  ;  vii.  1-16  ;  1  Kings,  iii. ;  v. ;  vi.  l-l-l ;  xvii.  ; 
xviii.  ;  xix. ;  2  Kings  ii.  ;  v. ;  vi.  1-23;  xiii.  14-25. 

New  Testament. — Our  Lord's  Birth,  Infancy,  and 
Youth;     teaching  by    word    and   deed;     Crucifixion, 


Resurrection,  and  Ascension.  As  contained  in  St. 
Luke  i. :  ii. ;  v.  ;  x. ;  xv. ;  xxii.  ;  xxiii. ;  xxiv.  St.  Paul's 
Conversion ;  Cornelius ;  St.  Paul's  second  Missionary 
Journey.  As  contained  in  Acts  ix.  ;  x. ;  xv.  36-41 ; 
xvi. ;  xvii.  ;  xviii.  1-22. 

Repetition  of  the  Creed,  Commandments,  and  Lord'i 
Prayer,  with  suitable  explanation. 

To  be  learnt  by  Heart. — Hymns  (five  at  the  least) ; 
private  prayers ;  portions  of  Scripture  (20  verses  at  the 
least). 

Class  IV. 

Old  Testament.— The  Creation  ;  the  Pall ;  Battles  of 
Ebenezer ;  History  and  Bringing  Home  of  the  Ark ; 
David's  Repentance  ;  Numbering  of  the  People ; 
Building  and  Dedication  of  the  Temple ;  Solomon's 
Wisdom ;  Revolt  of  the  Ten  Tribes  ;  Lives  of  Elijah 
and  Elisha.  As  contained  in  Gen.  i.-iii. ;  1  Sam.  iv. ; 
V.  1-5;  vi.  ;  vii.  1,  2;  2  Sam.  vi.  1-19;  vii.;  xii. ; 
xxiv.;  1  Kings  iii.;  v.;  vi.  1-14;  viii.  ;  x. ;  xii.; 
xiii.  ;  xvii. ;  xviii. ;  xix.  ;  2  Kings,  ii.  ;  iv. ;  v. ;  vi. 
1-23;  xiii.  14-25. 

New  Testament. — Our  Lord's  Birth,  Infancy,  and 
Youth ;  teaching  by  word  and  deed ;  Crucifixion, 
Resurrection,  and  Ascension.  As  contained  in  Luke  i. 
-iii.  22  ;  iv.-vii. ;  x.  ;  xv.  ;  xvi.  19-31 ;  xix.-xxiv. 

Acts  of  the  Apostles.  As  contained  in  Acts  ix. ;  x. ; 
xi. ;  xii.  ;  xv.-xviii.  22. 

Repetition  of  the  Creed,  Commandments,  and  Lord's 
Prayer,  with  full  explanation  and  illustration. 

To  be  learnt  by  Heart. — Hymns  (six  at  the  least)  ; 
private  prayers  ;  portions  of  Scripture  (25  verses  at 
the  least). 

N.B. — The  above  syllabus  is  arranged  for  schools 
containing  four  classes  besides  the  infants'  class. 
Where  the  number  of  classes  is  loss,  one  or  more  of 
the  divisions  should  be  omitted. 

As  inquiries  have  sometimes  been  made  as  to  the 
best  passages  of  Scripture  for  repetition,  it  is  suggested 
that,  in  addition  to  the  passages  previously  named, 
Psalm  cxviii..  Proverbs  xv.,  Isaiah  ix.  1-8,  1  Cor.  xiii., 
Eph.  vi.,  will  be  found  suitable  for  that  purpose.  The 
passages  for  repetition  must  be  varied  from  year  to 
year. 

The  repetition  should  be  known  by  individual  chil- 
dren, as  well  as  by  the  class  as  a  whole. 

Attention  is  especially  directed  to  those  parts  of  the 
syllabus  which  speak  of  the  explanatimi  as  well  as  the 
repetition  of  the  Lord's  Prayer,  Creed,  and  Ten  Com- 
mandments. 


No.  5. 
CARLISLE  SCHOOL  BOARD,  CUMBERLAND. 


Syllabus  op  ScEirruKu  Instkuctioii,  1887-1888. 

Examination  for  Fupil  Teachers  to  he  held  hefwc 
GhristiiMs,  and  fw  Standards  before  Easter. 

Pupil  Teachers  of  the  Third  and  Fourth  Year. 

To  study  Genesis ;  St.  Mark,   vii.  to   end ;  Acts  of 
Apostles,  chapter  xx.  to  the  end. 

Pupil  Teachers  of  the  First  and  Second  Year. 

Same  as  pupil  teachers  of  the  third  and  fourth  year, 
omitting  Acts  of  Apostles. 

Stamda/rds  Vll. ,  VI.,  and  V. 

To  study  book  of  Grenesis,  chapters  i.-xsxv.  inclusive. 
St.  Luke,  from  chapter  i.  to  x.  inclusive.    To  learn  by 


heart    Psalms    xiv.,    xv.,     and    xx.- 
chapter  iii.,  verses  1-17  inclusive. 
Ten  Commandments. 


and    Colossians, 
Lord's  Prayer  and 


Standa/rds  II.,  III.,  and  IV. 

To  study  Genesis,  chapter  i.  to  ix.  inclusive,  and  the 
life  of  Abraham.  To  learn  by  heart  St.  Matthew, 
chapter  vii.,  verses  1  to  14  inclusive,  and  Psalm  xx., 
Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Commandments. 

IrT/ants. 

To  bo  taught  Life  of  Abraham,  and  incidents  in  the 
infancy  of  Christ,  including  Visit  of  the  Magi,  Flight 
into  Egypt,  and  Massacre  of  the  Innocents.  To  learn  by 
heart  Psalm  xx.,  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Ten  Command- 
ments. 


IjO.'i       I'lll. 


Uu  2 


3^ 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION 


No.  6. 

CARLISLE  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS. 

I. — Stuabtjs  of  Subjects  for  the  Oral  Examination,  1888-1889. 

The  Diocosan  Inspector  will  examine  the  children  according  to  the  following  syllabus,  at  the  same  time  testing 

their  general  religious  knowledge.     If  preferred,  other  subjects  may  bo  selected  by  the  School  Managers. 
The  children  should  he  able  to  repeat  and  sing  a  few  Hymns  selected  from  the  Hymn  Book  in  use  in  the  Parish. 


Class  III. 
lufants  and  Standard  I. 


Class  II. 
Standards  II.  and  III. 


Class  I. 
Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI.,  and  VII. 


Old       Testa-     The  principal  facts  relating  to  the 
mcnt.  Creation,  Fall,  Flood,  and  Lives 

of  Joseph  and  Moses. 


New      Testa-     The     Birth,     Childhood,  Death, 

ment.  Kesurrection,  Ascension  of  our 

Lord,  and   the   Descent  of  the 
Holy  Ghost. 


Rcpetitiou  St.  Luke  vi.  27-36  (inclusive). 

St.  John  iii.  16,  17. 
Ephesians  vi.  1-3  (inclusive). 


The  principal  events  in  the  lives  of  Moses 
and  Joshua. 


The  principal  historical  events  in  the  life 
of  our  Lord.  His  Temptation.  The 
Miracles  of  the  liaising  of  the  Widow's 
Son,  aud  the  Healing  of  the  Centurion's 
Servant.  The  Parables  of  the  Sower 
and  of  the  Good  Samaritan. 


Psalm  li. 

St.  Luke  X.  25-37  (Inclusive). 


Genesis  xlii.-l.  (inclusive). 
Exodus     i.-v.,     xi.-xiv.     (in- 
clusive). 
Deuteronomy  xxxiv. 
Joshua  i.-vii.  (inclusive). 

St.  Luke  i.-xi.  (inclusive). 
Acts    xviii.     22-xxi.,     xxvii., 
xxviii.  (inclusive). 


Psalm  li. 

St.  Luke  x.  21-37  (inclusive). 


The  HONOUB  Examination  of  children  on  paper  will  be  held  on  Wednesday,  March  I3th,  1889.     The  subjects  will 
bo  the  same  as  those  for  Class  I.,  omitting  the  repetition. 

Only  those  children  may  be  presented  for  this  examination  who  are  in  the  fifth  of  higher  standards. 


II.— Stllabus  op  Subjects  foe  the  Examination  on  Papee  of  Pupil  Teachehs  to  be  held  on  Webnesdat 

Mabch  13th,  1889. 


Old  Testament. 

Grenesis  xlii.-l.  (inclusive). 

Exodus  i.-v.,  xi.-xx.,  xxxii.-xxxiv.  (inclusive). 

Deuteronomy  xxxiv. 

Joshua  i.-x.,  xxiii.,  xxiv.  (inclusive). 

T,  -D    I         r  Ash  Wednesdaj',  xxxii.,  cii.,  cxxx. 

Proper  Psalms  j^.^^^  j,^.^^y_  ^^..^  ^^'^^.^' 


New  Testament. 

St.  Luke  vii.-xii.  (inclusive). 
St.  John  xi  -xxi.  (inclusive). 


No.  7. 

BBAKD,  OLLEESETT,  WHITTLE,  AND  THOENSETT  (otherwise  New  Mills)  SCHOOL  BOAED, 

DEEBYSHIRE. 


(1.)  Ekgulations  fob  Eeligious  Insteuction. 

1.  The  board  attach  great  importance  to  the  religions 
instruction  in  their  schools  ;  they  intend  that  it  shall 
be  carefully  and  regularly  given ;  and  that  the  know- 
ledge imparted  to  the  children  about  the  facts  and 
principles  of  Holy  Scripture  shall  be  comprehensive 
and  thorough. 

2.  In  the  explanations  and  instruction  given  the  pro- 
visions of  the  Elementary  Edticatiou  Act  in  sections 
7  and  14  shall  bo  strictly  observed,  both  in  letter  and 
spirit,  and  no  attempt  shall  be  made  to  influence  the 
minds  of  children  towards  any  particular  denomination. 
Bible  history  and  geography,  explanation  and  pro- 
nunciation of  difficult  words,  and  the  connection  between 
different  portions  of  the  Scriptures,  shall  receive  special 
attention  from  the  teachers. 

3.  The  course  of  religious  instruction  shall  commence 
with  each  year,  and  examinations  in  the  knowledge  of 
Scripture  facts  and  history  shall  bo  held  in  December 
of  each  year.  The  examinations  shall  be  conducted  by 
the  principal  teachers  of  the  board  schools,  the 
examiner  to  be  changed  each  year  ;  no  teacher  shall  be 
eligible  to  examine  his  or  her  own  school. 

4.  The  time  devoted  to  religious  observance  and 
instruction  shall  be  twenty  minutes  in  the  morning 
before  commencing  secular  study,  nnd  ten  minutes  at 
closing  of  school  in  the  afternoon. 

6.  The  order  for  opening  the  school  must  invariably 
be  a  hymn,  v,he  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Bible  lesson,  and 
for  closing  the  afternoon  school  a  hymn  and  evening 
prajcT.  These  observances  shall  take  place  in  the 
nresencc  of  all  the  teachers,  and  shall  be  conducted  by 


the  head  teacher,  or,  in  his  absence,  by  the  teacher  in 
charge. 

6.  Two  mornings  in  the  week  shall  be  devoted  to  the 
Old  Testament,  and  two  mornings  to  the  New  Testament, 
one  morning  to  be  devoted  to  an  examination  of  pre- 
vious instruction  and  to  sacred  geography. 

7.  Arrangements  shall  bo  made  to  read  the  whole 
of  the  parts  of  Scripture  contained  in  the  annexed 
schedule  once  in  three  years,  and  the  portion  read  each 
day  shall  be  entered  in  a  book  provided  for  that  pur- 
pose. 

8.  Portions  of  Scripture,  in  accordance  with  schedules 
shall  be  committed  to  memory  by  the  children  and 
repeated  in  school.  The  teacher  of  each  class  may  take 
charge  of  the  repetition  under  care  of  the  head  master. 

9.  Infant  schools  shall  be  opened  with  a  hymn,  the 
Lord's  Prayer,  selections  from  the  alphabet  of  texts, 
and  reading  from  suitable  pictorial  reading  sheets,  or 
short  selections  from  St.  Matthew's  Gospel,  and  closed 
in  the  afternoon  with  a  hymn  and  evening  prayer. 

10.  Any  parent  may  object  to  his  chUd  being  present 
during  the  time  of  religious  instruction  or '  obsei-vance, 
and  any  child  so  withdrawn  shall  receive  secular 
instruction  in  a  separate  room. 

(2.)  Syllabus  op  Religious  Instruction. 
Portions  of  Scripture  to  he  committed  to  Memory. 

Infants. — 1st  and  5th  Commandments  and  23rd  Psalm. 

Standard  I. — 2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  Commandments,  and 
St.  Matthew  v.  (v.  1-12) ;  vii.  (v.  7-14). 

Standard  II. — Ten  Commandments  and  Psalms  i., 
cxxi.,  cxxx. 


APPENDIXES    TO    t'INAL   KEPOKT. 


341 


standard  III.  —  Ton  Commandments  and  Psalms 
xxxiv.,  ci. 

Standard  IV. — Ten  Commandments  and  Psalms  ciii., 
six. 

Standard  V. — Ten  Commandments  and  Psalms  xxxii., 
xlvi.,  xci. 

Standard  VI. — Ten  Commandments  and  Psalms  xxv., 


Portions  of  Scri/pture  selected  for  Reading  in  Schools. 

Genesis  i.,  ii.  (v.  2-16),  vi.,  vii.,  viii.,  ix.  (v.  1-20),  xi. 
(v.  1-9),  xii.  (v.  1-9),  xiii.,  xiv.,  xvi.,  xix.  (v.  12-29),  xxi., 
xxii.  (v.  1-19),  xxiv.,  xxvii.,  xxviii.,  xxxii.,  xxxiii., 
xxxvii.,  xxxix.,  xl.,  xli.,  xlii.,  xliii.,  xliv, ,  xlv.,  xlvi. 
(v.  1-7,  V.  28-34),  xlvii.,  xlviii.,  xlix.  (v.  1-10),  1. 

Exodus  i.  (v.  1-14),  all  chapters  up  to  xx.  (v.  1-21), 
xxiv.,  xxxi.,  xxxii.,  xxxiii.,  xxxiv. 

Numbers  xiii.  (v.  1,  2,  and  17-33),  xiv.,  xvi.,  xx. 
(v.  22-29),  xxi.  (v.  1-9),  xxii.,  xxiii.,  xxiv.,  xxvii. 
(V.  15-23),  XXXV.  (v.  9-34). 


Deuteronomy  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  xxxi.,  xxxii.,  xxxiii., 
xxxiv. 

Joshua  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  vi.,  xxiii.,  xxiv. 

Judges  vi.,  xiv.,  xv.,  xvi. 

Ruth.     The  whole  book. 

Ist  Samuel  i.,  ii.  (v.  1-19  and  22-36),  iii.,  iv.,  viiL, 
ix.,  x.,  xii.,  XV.,  xvi.,  xvii.,  xviii.  (v.  1-22),  xix.  (v.  1-13), 
XX.,  xxiv.,  xxxi. 

2nd  Samuel  i.,  ii.,  v.,  vi.,  vii.,  viii.,  xix.,  xxii. 

1st  Kings  ii.  (v.  1-12),  v.,  vi.,  vii.,  viii.,  ix.,  x.,  xii., 
xiii.,  XV.,  xvii.,  xviii.,  xix.,  xx.  (v.  1-21),  xxi.  (v.  1-20), 
xxii. 

2nd  Kings  i.,  ii.,  iv.,  v.,  vi.,  vii.,  viii.  (v.  1-15),  x., 
XX.,  to  xxv. 

Daniel  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  v.,  vi. 

Jonah  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv. 

The  whole  of  the  New  Testament  oxcept  the  book  of 
Revelations. 


No.  8. 


DERBY  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DERBYSHIRE. 


Syllabus  of  Relioioits  Instkuction  as  given  in — 

(1.)  AsHBOUKNE  Road  School,  Senior  and  Junige 
Depamments. 

Standa/rd  I. 

Scripture  History. — Creation  ;  the  Fall ;  Murder  of 
Abel ;  Building  of  the  Ark  ;  the  Flood ;  Life  of  Noah ; 
Tower  of  Babel ;  Life  of  Abraham. 

Standard  II. 

Scripture  History  (continued) Lives  of  Isaac,  Esau, 

Jacob,  and  Joseph ;  Condition  of  Israelites  in  Egypt. 

Standard  III. 

Scripture  History  (continued). — Life  of  Moses  ;  the 
Ten  Plagues ;  the  Tabernacle  ;  Jonrneyings  of  the 
Israelites;  Lives  of  Ruth,  Samuel,  David,  Solomon, 
Elijah,  Elisha. 

Standard  IV. 

Life  of  Chi'ist. — Birth  of  Christ ;  With  the  Doctors ; 
Miraculous  Draught  of  Fishes ;  Nobleman's  Son  healed ; 
Stilling  of  the  Tempest ;  Feeding  the  Multitude ; 
Walking  on  the  Sea ;  Blind  Man  healed ;  Lazarus  raised 
from  the  Dead  ;  Blessing  young  Children  ;  Widow's 
Mite  ;  Betrayal  and  Crucifixion. 

Standard  V. 

Parables. — Sower ;  Wheat  and  Tares ;  Mustard  Seed ; 
Marriage  Feast ;  the  Leaven  ;  the  Talents. 

Miracles. — Man-iago  Feast  at  Cana  ,  Nobleman's  Son 
healed  ;  Mii-acnlous  Draught  of  Fishes ;  Leper  cleansed  ; 
Paralytic  Man ;  Impotent  Man. 

Standards  VI.  and  VII. 

Miracles  (continued). — Withered  Hand  cured  ;  Cen- 
turion's Servant  healed ;  Widow's  Son  restored  to  Life ; 
Devils  cast  out ;  Jesus  walking  on  the  Sea  ;  Multipli- 
cation of  Loaves  and  Fishes  ;   the  Canaanito  Woman's 


Daughter  healed  of  a  Devil ;  the  Tribute  Money ;  Blind 
Bartimeus  restored  to  Sight;  the  Deaf  and  Dumb 
cured;  the  barren"  Figtree;  Canaan  in  the  Time  of 
Christ. 

Repetition  for  all. — Lord's  Prayer ;  Apostles'  Creed  ; 
Ten  Commandments  ;  Duty  to  G-od  and  Neighbour. 

(2.)  St. 
partment. 


James'    Road    Board   School,    Bots'    Db- 


Syllabus  of  Beligioua  Instruction. 
(1.)  Bible  History. — From  the  Creation  to  the  decay 
of  the  Kingdom  of  Israel,  with  mention  of  prophecies 
concerning  Christ.     Also  New  Testament  history,  con- 
cerning the  Birth  and  Life  of  Christ. 

(^)  Passages  of  Scripture,    &c.  —  To  be  learnt  by 
heart : — 

(I.)  Standards  I.  and  II,  :  Matt.  v.  3  to  end  (omit- 
ting 27  to  32)  ;  Matt.  vi.  1  to  end ;  Matt.  vii. 
1  to  end  ;  Matt.  xix.  13  to  15 ;  Luke  xv.  11  to 
24;  John  xiii.  34  and  35;  Exodus  xx.  1  to  17; 
Psalm  i.  1  to  end ;  Prov.  xv.  1  to  5.    Hymns. 

(II.)  Standards  II.  to  IV.:  Note.— The  above- 
named  passages  to  be  revised.  Luke  i.  26  to  36  ; 
Matt.  ii.  1  to  13  and  19,  20,  23 ;  Luke  ii.  8  to 
20  ;  Mark  i.  9  to  13  ;  Matt.  xiii.  3  to  9  and 
18  to  23 ;  Matt.  xiii.  24  to  30  and  37  to  43 ; 
Luke  xxiii.  33  to  46 ;  Acts  i.  4  to  11 ;  1  Cor.  xiii. 
1  to  end  ;  Rev.  xx.  11  to  end;  Psalms,  xxiii.,  c, 
and  ciii.     Hymns. 

(III.)  Standards  V.  to  VII. :  Note.— The  above- 
named  passages  to  be  revised.  Matt.  xi.  28  to 
30;  Matt,  xviii.  1  to  end;  John  xiv.  1  to  end; 
John  XV.  1  to  15 ;  Coloss.  iii.  17  to  end  ;  Coloss.  iii. 
1  to  end  (VI.  and  VII.  only) ;  Psalm  xxiv. ;  Psalm 
xxxvii.  1  to  6,  23  to  25,  35  to  38 ;  Ecc.  xii.  1  to 
7.    Hymns. 


No.  9. 
ECKINGTON  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DERBYSHIRE. 
Syllabus  op  Religious  Instruction,  1887-88. 
Infants'  Schools. 


— 

Old  Testament. 

New  Testament. 

Repetition. 

Seniors 
Juniors 

Creation;    Fall;    Flood;    Offering 
of  Isaac  ;  Short  Life  of  Joseph. 

Creation;  Fall;  Flood;    Offering 
of  Isaac. 

Birth    of    Christ;     Twelve    Years; 
First   Miracle;  Stilling   the  Tem- 
pest ;    Crucifixion    (outline)    and 
Resurrection. 

Birth   of  Christ;   Stilling  the  Tem- 
pest ;  the  Crucifixiou  (outline). 

Commandments,  except  2nd  and 
4th ;    Lord's   Prayer  ;    alphabet 
of  texts ;  four  hymns. 

Commandments,  1st,  3rd,  and  5th; 
Lord's  Prayer ;  texts  A.  to  M. ; 
two  hymns. 

N.B. — The  hymns  should  be  sung  as  well  as  repeated. 


Uu  3 


m 


ELEMENTARY   EDDCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION! 


Mixed  Schools. 


Olan. 

Old  Testament. 

New  Testament. 

Bepetition. 

Explanation. 

Class  1,  Stan- 

Narratives in  Kings 

St.  Luke's  Gospel  with  special 

St.  Luke  XV. ;  Ephesians 

Illu.stratc    from    Scripture 

dards   VII. 

(I.  and  II.) 

attention  to  last  three  chap- 

vi.,      1-20  ;       Creed; 

and    explain    the  Creed 

to  IV. 

ters  (xxii.-xxiv.). 

Lord's  Prayer ;  Ten 
Commandments ;  six 
hymns. 

and  the  Ten  Command- 
meats. 

Class   2,  Stan- 

Lives    of     Siunuel, 

Life,  Death,  and  Eesurrection 

St.  Luke  XV. ;  Psalm  cxlv.; 

Explain  and  illustrate  the 

dard  TTI. 

Saul,  and  David. 

of    Christ;    at    least      six 
miracles  and  fonr   parables 
to  be  selected. 

Creed  ;  Lord's  Prayer ; 
Ten  Commandments ; 
four  hymns. 

Ten  Comniaudments. 

Class  8,  Stan- 

Narratives   in      the 

General     outline    of    Gospel 

St.     Luke    XV. ;    Creed ; 

Simple      explanation       of 

dards      II. 

Book  of  Genesis. 

History    with    special    les- 

Lord's    Prayer  j     Ten 

Ten  Commandments. 

and  I. 

sons  ;     "  Twelve     Years  ;  " 
Temptation ;    Healing  Sick 
of    Palsy;    Kaising     Three 
Dead  People ;   Transfigura- 
tion ;    Parables    of    Tares, 
Ten  Virgins,  Prodigal  Son. 

Commandments  ;  four 
hymns. 

N.B. — Class  1  on  paper  and  classes  2  and  3  on  slates  should  be  able  to  write  out  the  portions  learnt  by  heart  and  (the  elder 
children)  short  narratives  from  Scripture. 

The  hymns  should  be  sung  as  well  as  repeated. 


InfathW  Bepavtment  wMoh  is  classed  as  Group  I.  for 
religious  instruction. 

Old  Testament. — Creation;  Fall;  Flood;  History  of 
Joseph  to  impriaonment. 

New  Testament. — Birth  of  Christ ;  Visit  of  Magi  ; 
King  Herod  and  the  Innocents ;  Jesus  12  years  old. 

Bepetition. — 23rd  Psalm  and  20  selected  texts  and 
2  collects  from  the  Church  of  England  Prayer  Book. 

Catechism. — Creed ;  Lord's  Prayer  ;  and  1st,  3rd, 
6th,  6th,  8th,  9th,  and  10th  Commandments. 

Hymns. — Four. 

Mixed  Depariment. 

Syllabus  »ob  Siandasds  1.  and  II.,  which  are  classed 
for  religious  instruction  as  Group  II. 

1888. 

Old  Testament. — Creation ;  Fall ;  Flood  ;  Abraham's 
Call ;  Birth  and  Flight  of  Moses ;  Burning  Bush ; 
Tenth  Plague  ;  Bed  Sea ;  Manna ;  Amalekites  ;  Law 
delivered;  Twelve  Spies;  Brazen  Serpent;  Crossing 
the  Jordan ;  Jericho ;  Ai  and  Achan. 

New  Testament. — Zacharius  and  Benedictus ;  Annun- 
ciation ;  Birth  of  Christ ;  Shepherds ;  Wise  Men ; 
Innocents  ;  Jesus  12  years  old ;  Call  of  St.  Matthew ; 
Widow's  Son ;  Parables  of  the  Sower,  Mustard  Seed, 
Leaven,  Hid  Treasure,  Pearl  and  the  Net;  Stilling 
the  Tempest :  Gadarenes ;  Feeding  of  4,000 ;  Parable  of 
Unmerciful  Servant ;  Parables  of  Good  Shepherd, 
Samaritan,      Lost    Sheep    and     Coin,     Pharisee    and 


No.  10. 
DERBY  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS. 


Publican  ;  and  Parable  of  the  Pounds  ;  Little  Children 
blessed ;  'Triomphal  Entry  of  Jesus  into  Jerusalem. 

Repetition. — 5th  chapter  of  St.  Matthew  to  the  26th 
verse,  three  collects. 

Catechism. — Apostles'Oreed  and  Ten  Commandments. 

Hymns. — Six. 

Syllabus    pok  Group  III.,  including  Standards  III., 
IV.,  v.,  VI.  and  VII. 

1888. 

Old  Testament. — Same  as  Group  II.  and  tlie 
following : — Abraham's  Faith  ;  Isaac  ;  Jacob ;  Josepli ; 
Samson's  birth,  life,  and  deith  ;  lives  of  Samuel,  Saul 
and  David ;  Solomon's  Wisdom ;  the  Temple ; 
Behoboam's  Folly;  Jeroboam's  Sin;  Elijah  and  tho 
Famine ;  on  Mt.  Oarmel ;  on  Mt.  Horeb ;  Elijah's 
Translation. 

New  Testament. — Same  as  Group  II.  and  the 
following: — Ministry  of  the  Baptist;  Our  Lord's 
Baptism  and  Temptation ;  Andrew  and  Nathaniel ; 
Nicodemus  going  to  Jesus ;  Sermon  on  the  Mount ; 
Mission  of  the  Twelve ;  Death  of  the  Baptist ;  tho  Syro 
Phoenician  Mother;  the  Transfiguration;  Mission  of 
the  Seventy  ;  Christ's  triumphal  Entry  into  Jenisalem ; 
Wedding  Garment ;  Institution  of  the  Lord's  Supper ; 
Christ's  'Trial ;  Crucifixion ;  first  Easter  Day  ;  Baptismal 
Commission ;  Ascension. 

Repetition. — Same  as  Group  II.  and  the  6th  chap,  of 
Ephesians.     Five  collects. 

Catechism. — Creed,  Commandments,  and  Duties. 

Hymns. — Six. 


No.  11. 
EXETER  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS. 


The  Stllabus  foe  Infant  Schools  (which  is  the  same 
every  year)  is  as  follows : — 

Old  Testament. — For  oral  teaching  :  the  Creation  ; 
the  Fall ;  Cain  and  Abel ;  the  Flood ;  Life  of  Joseph  ; 
Birth  of  Moses. 

New  Testament. — For  oral  teaching :  brief  outline  of 
our  Lord's  Life,  with  especial  reference  to  the  following 
particulars : — Birth,  Announcement  to  the  Shepherds  ; 
Visit  of  the  Wise  Men ;  Flight  into  Egypt,  Presentation 
in  the  Temple  ;  Christ  with  the  Doctors  ;  His  Baptism  ; 
Blessing  of  Little  Children ;  Entry  into  Jerusalem  ; 
Crucifixion ;  Resurrection  ;  Ascension ;  to  be  taught  in 
connection  with  the  chief  Seasons  of  the  Christian  year. 


Simple  hymns ;  Private  Prayers  ;  Texts,  or  short 
portions  of  Scripture ;  the  Creed,  and  the  Lord's 
Prayer  ;  to  be  learnt  by  heart. 

N.B.^In  a  mixed  school,  where  Infants  and  Standard 
I.  are  grouped  together,  they  may  present  the  work 
either  for  Infants,  or  for  Standard  I. 

Syllabus  k>b  Olbeb  Scholars,  1888. 

Standard  I. 

OldTestament.— 2  Sam.  vi.  1-19;  2  Sam.  xii.  1-23; 

1  Kings  iii.  5-15 ;  1  Kings  i.  1-13 ;  1  Kings  xvii.  1-24 ; 

2  Kings  ii.  1-12 ;  2  Kings  v.  1-27. 


APPENDIXES    TO    PINAI-    RKPOKT. 


m 


I 


Repetition. — PBalm  viii. ;  or  Proverbs  iii.  1-7;  or  six 
verses  at  least  of  the  Old  Testament. 

The  Lord's  Prayer ;  and  private  prayers. 

New  Testament. — S.  Luke  i.,  il.,  xxiii.,  and  xxiv. 

Repetition. — S.  Lake  i.  46-55 ;  or  six  verses  at  least 
of  the  Gospel. 

Hymns  (two  at  least). 

Standard  II. 

Old  Testament.— 2  Sam.  vi.  1-19;  2  Sam.  xii.  1-23; 
2  Sam.  xviii.  6-18,  33  ;  2  Sam.  xxiv.  1-4,  9-25;  1  Kings 
iii.  5-28 ;  1  Kings  x.  1-13 ;  1  Kings xvii.  1-24  ;  2  Kings 
ii.  1-12  ;  2  Kings  v. 

Repetition. — Psalm,  li.,  1-13;  or  Prov.  iii.  13-24;  or 
12  verses  at  least  of  the  Old  Testament. 

Collects  (or  some  two  at  least)  for  the  Presentation  of 
Christ,  the  7th  Sunday  after  Trinity. 

The  Lord's  Prayer,  and  private  prayers. 

New  Testament. — S.  Luke  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  15-23 ;  iv.  1-15  ; 
v.  1-11 ;  vii.  1-18  ;  xv.  11-32  ;  xxiii. ;  xxiv. 

Repetition.— S.  Luke  i.  67-80 ;  or  12  verses  at  least 
of  the  Gospel. 

Hymns  (two  at  least). 

Standard  III. 

Old  Testament.— 2  Sam.  vi.  1-19 ;  xii.  1-23  ;  2  Sam. 
xviii.    6-18,    33 ;    xxiv.  1-4,  9-25 ;    1  Kings  iii.  5-28 ; 

1  Kings  X.  1-13  ;  1  Kings  xvii. ;  1  Kings  xviii.  ;  1  Kings 
xix. ;  1  Kings  xxi. ;  1  Kings  xxii.  29-38 ;  2  Kings  ii.  ; 

2  Kings  V. 

Repetition. — Psalm  cxxxii.  ;  or  Prov.  vi.  6-19 ;  or  12 
verses  at  least  of  the  Old  Testament. 

Collects  (or  some  three  at  least)  for  the  3rd,  6th,  and 
13th  Sundays  after  Trinity. 

The  Lord's  Prayer,  and  private  prayers. 

New  Testament. — S.  Luke  i. ;  ii. ;  iii.  15-23 ;  iv.  1-15  ; 
V.  1-26 ;  vii.  1-18  ;  X.  25-37 ;  xi.  1-13 ;  xv. ;  xvi.  19-31 ; 
xxiii. ;  xxiv. ;  Acts  xvi. 

Repetition. — S.  Luke  xv.  11-32 ;  or  12  verses  at  least 
of  the  Gospel. 

Hymns  (three  at  least). 

Standa/rd  IV. 

Old  Testament.— 2  Sam.  vi.  1-19 ;  xii.  1-23 ;  2  Sam. 
XV.  10-17 ;  xviii.  6-18,  33 ;  2  Sam.  xxiv.  1-4,  9-25  ; 
1  Kings  iii.  5-28 ;  1  Kings  vi.  1, 9-23 ;  viii.  1-9 ;  x.  1-13  ; 


1  Kings  xii. ;  1  Kings  xiii. ;  1  Kings  xvii. ;  1  Kines 
xviii.  1-20;  1  Kings  xviii.  21-46;  xix.  1-8;  1  Kings 
xix.  9-21 ;  xxi. ;  1  Kings  xxii.  1-40 ;  2  Kings  ii. ;  iv.  i-7 ; 

2  Kings  iv.  8-^4 ;  2  Kings  v. ;  2  Kings  vi.  1-23, 
Repetition. — Psalms  xxi.     and  xii.  ;    or  rtov    ^iii. 

12-36  ;  or  20  verses  at  least  of  the  Old  Testament. 

Collects  (or  some  four  at  least)  for  Triniiv  Sunday, 
the  10th  and  11th  Sundays  after  Trinity,  and'S.  Luke's 
Day. 

The  Lord's  Prayer,  and  private  prayers. 

New  Testament.- S.  Luke'i. ;  ii.  ;  iii.  ;  iv.  1-15 ;  iv. 
16-44 ;  V.  ;  vii. ;  X.  ;  xi.  1-13  ;  xiv.  1-24 ;  xv. ;  xvi.  ; 
xvii.  1-19  ;  xviii.  1-17  ;  xxii  ;  xxiii. ;  xxiv.  ;  Acts  XTl. ; 
xvii. 

Repetition. — S.  Luke  vi.  20-40 ;  or  20  verses  at  leaa^ 
of  the  Gospel. 

Hymns  (four  at  least). 

Standards  V.  and  VI. 

Old  Testament.- 2  Sam.  vi.  1-19  ;  xii.  1-23  ;  2  Sam. 
XV.  10-17;  xviii.  6-18,  33;  2  Sam.  xxiv.  1-4,  9-25; 
1  Kings  iii.  5-28 ;  1  Kings  vi.  1,  9-23 ;  viii.  1-9 ;  x.  1-13  ; 

1  Kings  xii.  ;  1  Kings  xiii.  ;  1  Kings  xvii.  ;  1  Kings 
xviii.  1-20;  1  Kings  xviii.  21-46;  1  Kings  xix. ;  1  Kings 
xxi.  ;  1  Kings  xxii.  1-28 ;  1  Kings  xxii.  29-40  ;  2  Kings 
i.  ;  2  Kings  ii.  ;  iv.  1-7 ;  2  Kings  iv.  8-44  ;  2  Kings  v. ; 

2  Kings  vi.  1-23 ;  2  Kings  ix.  ;  2  Kings  x.  15-32 ;  2 
Kings  xiii.  14-21 ;  xvii.  1-18. 

Repetition. — 1  Kings  viii.  22-30  ;  and  Psahn  xvi.  ; 
or  20  verses  at  least  of  the  Old  Testament. 

Collects  (or  some  six  at  least),  for  the  8th,  9th,  10th 
and  12th  Sundays  after  Trinity ;  8S.  Philip  and  James' 
Day ;  and  St.  Barnabas'  Day. 

The  Lord's  Prayer,  and  private  prayers. 

New  Testament. — S.  Luke  i. ;  ii. ;  iii.  ;  iv. ;  v. ;  vi. ; 
vii.  ;  viii. ;  ix. ;  x. ;  xi. ;  xii. ;  xiii. ;  xiv.-xvi. ;  xvii.- 
xviii.  ;  xix.  ;  xx. ;  xxii. ;  xxiii. ;  xxiv. ;  Acts  xv. ; 
Acts  xvi. ;  xvii. ;  Acts  xviii.  ;  Acts  xix. ;  Acts  xx.  to 
xxi.  17. 

N.B. — The  above  is  so  divided  as  to  be  suitable  for  a 
quarterly  or  half-yearly  course,  in  case  the  latter  should 
be  thought  better  for  senior  children. 

Repetition.— S.  Luke  xii.  2-10  ;  22-40 ;  or  20  verses 
at  least  of  the  New  Testament. 

Hymns  (six  at  least). 


No.  12. 
EXETER  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DEVONSHIRE. 


(1.)  Regulations  fob  Religious  Instruction. 

In  infants'  schools  instruction  shall  be  given  in  the 
following  subjects  : — 
(a.)  The   Bible  and  the  principles  of  religion  and 
morality  in  accordance  with  General  Regulations. 

All  day  schools  under  the  management  of  the  board 
shall  be  opened  and  closed  daily  with  prayer  and  singing 
of  hymns  ;  the  form  of  prayer  to  be  used  and  the  hymns 
to  be  sung  having  been  first  approved  by  the  board. 

The  authorised  version  of  the  Bible  shall  be  daily 
read  in  all  the  schools,  and  such  explanation  and  in- 
struction in  the  principles  of  religion  and  morality  shall 
be  given  as  are  suited  to  the  ages  and  capacities  of  the 
children ;  any  books  or  apparatus  to  be  used  having 
been  first  approved  by  the  board. 

Such  explanations  and  instructions  .shall  bo  given  only 
by  the  master,  mistress,  and  regular  teachers  of  the 
various  schools,  and  in  carrying  out  the  said  regula- 
tions, the  letter  and  spirit  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Act,  1870,  especially  sections  7  and  14,  shall  be  strictly 
adhered  to. 

The  time  for  i-eliglous  observance  and  religious  in- 
struction shall  be  from  9  a.m.  to  9.45  a.m. ;  4  to  4.10 
p.m.  in  infants'  schools ;  and  4.20  to  4.30  p.m.  in  other 
schools. 

In  addition  to  the  Special  instruction  (New  Code, 
schedule  2),  the  principal  teacher  in  each  school  shall 
give  to  the  pupil  teacher  instruction  in  religions  know- 
ledge during  one  hour  per  week,  such  religious  teaching 
to  be  in  conformity  with  the  Elementary  Education 
4ct,  1870. 


Schedule  B. 


i, 


Agreement  as  to  Pupil  Teacher  receiving  Beligionei 
Instruction. 

Memorandum  of  agreement  between  the  school 
board  of  the  city  and  county  of  the  city  of  Exeter  and 

herein-after  called 
"the  BUi'ety,"  the  of 

,  herein-after  called  "  the 
pupil  teacher."  It  is  hereby  agreed  and  declared 
between  and  by  the  parties  hereto  as  follows  : — 

1.  This  agreement  is  supplemental  to  the  agreement 
of  even  date  herewith  between  the  same  parties. 

2.  The  pupil  teacher  shall,  during  the  continuance  of 
engagement  under  the  said  agreement  of  even  date 
herewith,  receive  without  charge  from  the  certificated 
teacher  of  the  school  mentioned  in  the  same  agreement, 
while  the  school  is  not  being  held,  special  instruction 
during  one  hour  per  week  in  religious  knowledge,  in 
addition  to  the  five  hours  of  special  instruction  men- 
tioned  in  the  same  agreement,  but  so  nevertheless  that 
in  all  such  instruction  in  religious  knowledge  the  letter 
and  spirit  of  the  Elementary  Edacation  Act,  1870,  bo 
strictly  observed ;  and  sha  attend  all  examinations 
prescribed  by  the  board. 

3.  The  pupil  teacher  enters  into  this  engagement 
freely  and  voluntarily  on  own  part,  and  with 
the  privity  and  consent  of  the  surety. 


Signed  this 


U  u  -L 


day  of 


ijiwinij  'jiU  x<J  .!iimii4:^ 


18 

,1    »» 


344 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  I 


(2.)  Syllabds  of  Sckiptu:  t.lNSTKuoriON  fok  ISW-lSSfci. 
1.  Elder  Scholws. 

Old  Testament. — Joshua  xx.  to  end ;  Judges  i.-xviii. 
inclusive i  Book  of  Buth;  Psalms  i.,  iv.,  xvi.,  xxiii., 
and  xxiv.,   three  to  be  learnt  by  heart. 

New  Testament. — S.  John's  Gospel,  xii.  to  the  end ; 
Acts  of  the  Apostles,  xxi.  17  to  end. 

2.  Infants. 

Old  Testament. — Grenesis  i.-ix.  inclusive. 

New  Testament. — S.  Matthew,  chapter  ii. ;  S.  Lnke, 
chapters  i.  and  ii. 

Hymns ;  the  Lord's  Prayer  ;  the  Ten  Commandments 
and  selected  texts. 


Scheme  of  Keligious  Ihstkuciion  fok  Pupil  Teachebs, 

CANniDATES,  AND    MoNITOBS,    IN   THE    ExETEE   BoAlU) 

Schools. 

Candidates  and  Monitors. 

Old  Testament. — Genesis,  Exodus  i.-xx.,  wiih  chap- 
ters xxxii.-xxxiv. 

New  Testament. — The  Gospel  according  to  fc. 
Matthew  i.-xiv. 


\st  Year  Puinl  Teachers. 

Old  Testament.— Books  of  Leviticus,  Numljers,  and 
Deuteronomy,  regarded  as  a  preparation  for  our  Lord. 

New  Testament.— S.  Matthew  xv.  to  end,  Acts  i.-viii 
inclusive. 

%nd  Yea/r  Pupil  Teachers. 

Old  Testament. — Joshua  i.-xii.,  with  Map  of 
Divisions  of  the  Land  of  Canaan  among  the  Tribes. 
Lives  of  the  principal  Judges. 

New  Testament.— Gospel  of  8.  Mark,  Acts  ix.-xiv. 
inclusive. 

Zrd  Year  Pupil  Teachers. 

Old  Testament. — 1  Book  of  Samuel,  with  continuation 
of  the  Life  of  David. 

New  Testament. — Gospel  of  S.  Luke  i.-xii..  Acts  xv.- 
xxi.  verse  17. 


Uh  Year  Pupil  Teachers. 

Old  Testament.— 1  Kings,  with  life  and  times  of  the 
following :— Solomon,  Hezekiah,  Josiah,  Elijah,  and 
Elisha. 

New  Testament.— Gosi)el  of  S.  Luke  xiii.  to  end. 
Acts  xxi.  verse  17  to  end. 


No.  13. 
PLYMOUTH  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DEVONSHIRE. 


1.  Regulation  foe  Sceipture  Lessons. 

"31.  The  principal  teachers  shall  strictly  observe  the 
following  instructions  respecting  the  lessons  to  be  given 
in  connexion  with  "  The  Prize  Fund  for  Proficiency  in 
Biblical  Knowledge." 

32.  As  regards  the  children — 

(a)  The  time  set  apart  in  uoys',  girls',  and  mixed 
schools  for  religious  instruction,  shall  be  given  to  the 
study  of  the  syllabus  prepared  by  the  committee  of 
management  of  the  prize  scheme,  after  the  opening 
hymn  and  prayer. 

(b)  The  instruction  to  children  shall  be  in  accordance 
with  the  syllabus  for  their  respective  standards. 

(c)  When  the  instruction  is  given  by  the  assistant 
teachers,  the  principal  teacher  shall  examine  the 
children  frequently  in  the  subjects  of  the  syllabus  in 
their  respective  standards. 

33.  As  regards  pupil  teachers,  candidates,  monitors, 

and  monitresses — 

(a)  The  scripture  lessons  given  to  these  teachers  shall 
be  in  accordance  with  the  syllabus,  and  shall  be  given 
at  least  once  a  week  as  one  of  their  ordinary  lessons. 

(b)  Home  lessons  shall  be  prepared  in  the  subjects  of 
the  syllabus. 

34.  General — 

(a)  In  carrying  out  the  above  instructions  it  must  be 
distinctly  understood  that  sections  6,  7,  and  8  of  the 
general  regulations  of  the  board  must  be  strictly 
adhered  to. 

(b)  The  following  rules  and  regulations  of  the  com- 
mittee of  management  of  "  The  Prize  Fund  for  Pro- 
"  flcieucy  in  Biblical  Knowledge "  in  regard  to  the 
examinations  must  be  carefully  carried  out  : — 

"  1.  That  pupil  teachers,  candidates,  and  monitors 
be  included  in  the  examination. 

"  2.  That  Standards  II.  and  III.  be  examined  viva 
voce  in  the  presence  of  one  or  more  of  the 
managers  of  the  school,  who  will  be  responsible 
to  the  committee,  and  that  the  names  of  the 
most  successful  children  shall  be  sent  to  the 
committee  of  management. 

"  3.  That  the  number  of  prizes  to  be  allotted  to 
Standards  II.  and  III.  shall  be  determined  by 
the  number  of  children  in  these  standards  on 
the  register  in  each  different  school ;  the  per- 
centage  of  such  prizes  shall  be  determined 
from  time  to  time  by  the  committee  of  manage- 
ment. 

"4.  That  Standards  IV., v.,  and  VI.  shall  be  examined 
by  papers  prepared  by  the  examiners  appointed 
according  to  the  scheme,  and  approved  by  the 
committee." 

"  5.  That  the  children  in  Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI., 
and  higher  standards  be  examined  in  the  first 
instance  by  the  principal  teacner  of  the  school 


to  which  they  belong,  who  shall  select  not 
more  than  the  per-centage  of  these  children 
for  further  examination  which  may  be  fixed  by 
the  committee. 

"6.  That  the  course  for  each  year's  instruction  shall 
be  the  syllabus  issued  by  the  committee  from 
time  to  time,  and  bearing  the  name  of  the  hon. 
secretary  for  the  time  being. 

"7.  That  the  examinations  be  held  at  such  times  and 
in  such  manner  as  may  be  fixed  by  the  com- 
mittee of  management. 

"8.  That  the  general  instructions  (Form  4)  for  the 
guidance  of  managers  and  teachers  (or  such 
modifications  thereof  as  may  be  made  from 
time  to  time)  shall  be  strictly  adhered  to,  as 
a  condition  for  earning  prizes  under  this 
scheme." 

2.  The  Peek  Prize  Fund  Scheme.    Rules  foe  Annual 
Examination  (Foem  4). 

Prize  Fund  for  Proficiency  in  Biblical  Knowledge. 

Examination  for  Prizes  given  by  the  late  Mr.  James 
Peek  and  the  Religious  Tract  Society. 

Oeneral  Instructions  for  the  Guidance  of  Managers  and 
Sead  Teachers. 

1.  The  examinations  are  held  at  such  times  and  in 
such  manner  as  may  be  determined  by  the  committee 
of  management,  of  which  due  notice  will  be  given. 

2.  It  should  be  made  known  in  the  school  on  the  day 
preceding  the  examination  that  the  attendance  at  the 
examination  is  voluntary. 

3.  The  following  notice  shall  be  publicly  announced 
by  the  teachers  on  the  day  prior  to  the  examination  : — 
"  The  examination  in  Scripture  knowledge  will  be  held 
"  in  this  school  to-morrow.  Prizes  for  proficiency  in 
"  such  knowledge  will  be  awarded." 

4.  The  managers,  or  others  appointed  by  them,  must 
be  present  at  the  examination,  but  the  method  of  con- 
ducting them  will  be  left  to  the  judgment  and  discretion 
of  the  head  teachers,  who  will  be  held  responsible  for 
them. 

5.  A  selection  from  the  children  presented  at  the 
preliminary  viva  voce  examination  is  to  be  made  of  not 
more  than  the  per-centage  of  the  total  number  of 
scholars  in  Standards  IV.,  V.,  and  VI.,  for  the  com- 
petitive written  examination,  as  may  be  fixed  by  the 
committee  for  each  year,  and  about  that  proportion 
should  be  taken  from  each  standard. 

6.  The  per-centage  of  scholars  to  be  selected  for 
prizes,  or  for  the  competitive  examination,  must  be 
calculated  on  "  the  number  on  the  books "  in  each 
standard;  and  each  scholar  thus  selected  must  have 
had  instruction  in  the  subject  appointed  by  the  syllabus 
for  his  or  her  standard,  for  at  least  three  months  pre- 
vious to  February.    Immediately  after  the  selection  a 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL   REPORT. 


346 


return  must  be  made  to  the  hou.  secretary  on  Forms  5 
and  6  * 

7.  By  the  scheme  under  which  the  competitive 
■written  examination  is  conducted,  it  is  provided  that  no 
child  can  be  selected  as  entitled  to  a  prize,  unless  he  or 
she  has  answered  at  least  one  half  the  questions  pre- 
pared. 

8.  The  examination  will  be  by  printed  questions. 

9.  There  will  be  seven  sets  of  questions,  viz. : — 

One  set  for  Standard  IV. 
..        V. 
„  ,,        VI.  and  monitors. 

,,  candidates  and  pupil  teachers  of  the 

1st  year. 
,,  pupil  teachers  of  the  '2nd  year. 

„  ,,  3rd  year. 

,,  ,,  4th  year. 

10.  Bach  set  will  consist  of  six  questions,  all  of  which 
may  be  attempted. 

11.  All  competitors  should  be  at  the  school,  not  later 
than  a  quarter  of  an  hour  before  the  examination 
commences. 

12.  Head  teachers  will  be  held  responsible  for  the 
good  behaviour  of  their  scholars  throughout  the  exami- 
nation. 

13.  All  necessary  materials  will  be  provided  at  the 
school,  and  no  book  or  paper  of  any  kind  must  be  taken 
into  the  examination  room  by  the  competitors. 

14.  The  male  competitors  and  female  competitors 
will  occupy  the  principal  schoolroom  of  their  respective 
departments. 

15.  It  shall  be  arranged,  a«  far  as  may  be  possilile, 
that  scholars  of  the  same  standard  shall  not  sit  in  close 
proximity  to  one  another. 

16.  Head  teachers  will  provide  pens,  ink,  and 
blotting-paper  from  the  school  store,  and  these  can  be 
distributed  at  any  time  before  the  examination. 

17.  The  sealed  packet  containing  the  questions  must 
not  be  opened  before  the  time  appointed  for  commencing 
the  eiiamination.     It  must  he  opened  in  the  examination 

♦  It  is  expected  that  the  teachere  will  not  return  the  name  of  any 
rhild  for  a  prize,  cither  in  the  viva  voce  or  written  examinations,  whose 
conduct  durinie  the  year  has  been  persistently  bad. 


room  by  the  managers  in  charge  only,  in  the  presence  and 
full  view  of  the  competitors. 

18.  The  answers  to  the  questions  must  be  written 
only  on  the  headed  paper  which  will  be  forwarded  by 
the  committee  of  management. 

19.  No  competitor  must  be  admitted  after  the  first 
half-hour  has  expired,  nor  allowed  to  leave  the  exami- 
nation room  for  the  first  half-hour  of  the  examination, 
and  the  competitor  having  once  left  the  room  must  not 
be  re-admitted. 

20.  Immediately  before  the  distril)ution  of  the  ques- 
tions, the  headteache'"  will  insist  on  perfect  silence,  and 
make  the  following  statement  to  the  competitors : — 
"  Competitors  talking,  or  copying,  or  otherwise  acting 
"  unfairly,  will  be  at  once  dismissed  from  the  exami- 
"  nation  room." 

21.  Completed  papers  must  remain  on  the  desks,  and 
be  collected  by  the  head  teacher.  At  the  hour.?  named 
for  closing  the  examination  all  must  cease  work. 

22.  Competitors,  after  completing  their  papers,  must 
at  once  leave  the  room. 

23.  After  the  examination  is  completed,  the  mana- 
gers will  sign  the  necessary  form,  and  at  once  seal  up 
the  papers  {taking  care  to  keep  the  different  sets  tied 
up  and  apart  from  one  another),  and  despatch  them 
(addressed  ' '  To  the  Hon.  Secretary  ")  in  the  envelope 
provided  for  the  purpose,  so  as  to  reach  the  office  as 
early  as  possible.  All  unused  forms  for  answers  are 
also  to  be  returned,  the  postage  to  be  prepaid  if  sent  by 
post. 

24.  After  the  examiners'  report  has  been  received, 
the  prizes  will  be  presented  to  the  children  in  such  a 
manner  as  may  be  decided  by  the  committee  of  manage- 
ment. 

25.  It  must  bo  distinctly  understood  by  managers, 
teachers,  and  all  persons  connected  with  the  exami- 
nations held  under  this  scheme,  that  questions  of  a 
sectarian  character  are  strictly  prohibited  from  being 
put  to  the  children  under  examination  ;  and  in  any  case 
in  which  this  rule  has  been  infringed  the  managers 
are  desired  by  the  committee  of  management  to  report 
the  same  in  Forms  5,  6,  or  7,  to  be  signed  by  them  at 
the  close  of  each  examination. 


No.  14. 
TOTNES  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DEVON  SHIBE. 


Syllabus  of  Religious  IssTBUcnoN,  1887-8. 

Subjects  por  CANrirAiEs  and  Pupil  Teachers. 

In  let  and  2nd  Years  and  Candidates. 

Memory. — Exodus,     chap,     xx.,     ver.     1-17,     with 

Matthew,  chap,  xxii.,  ver.  35-40  ;  Matthew,  chap,  vii., 

ver.  7-20  ;  Psalms  xxxii.,  xxxiii.,  Ixv.,  ciii. 

Study. — Lives  of  Joseph,  Moses,  Daniel,  and  Elijah  ; 
the  Gospel  of  St.  Luke ;  first  fourteen  chapters  of  the 
Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

In  Srd,  4tli,  and  6th  Yews. 

Memory. — Exodus,  chap,  xx.,  ver.  1-17,  with 
Matthew,  chap,  xxii.,  ver.  35-40  ;  Matthew,  chap,  vii., 
ver.  7-20;  Psalms  xxxii.,  xxxiii.,  xxxiv.,  Ixv.;  Isaiah, 
chap.  xl. 

Study. — Lives  of  Joseph,  Moses,  Daniel,  and  Elijah  ; 
the  Gospel  of  St.  Luke  ;  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


Subjects  fok  Scholars  and  Moniiohs. 
In  Standards  II.  and  III. 

Memory. — Exodus,  chap.  xx. ,  ver.  1-17 ;  Matthew, 
chap,  v.,  ver.  1-12 ;  Psalms  xix.  and  xxiii. 

Study. — Lives  of  Samuel  and  Joseph;  first  seven 
chapters  of  Matthew  ;  first  six  chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 

In  Standards  IV.,  V.,  and  VI.,  and  Monitors. 

Memory.  —  Exodus,  chap,  xx.,  ver.  1-17,  with 
Matthew,  chap,  xxii.,  ver.  35-40;  Matthew,  chap,  v., 
ver.  1-12  ;  Psalms  xix.,  Ixii.,  ciii.,  and  cxlv. 

Study.— Lives  of  Samuel  and  Elijah;  first  thirteen 
chapters  of  Matthew  ;  first  twelve  chapters  of  the  Acts 
of  the  Apostles. 


No.  15. 
GATESHEAD  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DURHAM. 


Syllabus  op  Religious  Ikstbuciion  for  Schoubs. 

Infants. 

Learn  the  Ten  Commandments,  Exodus  xx.,  verses 
1-17  (the  substance  only  will  be  required) ;  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  St.  Matthew  vi.,  verses  9-13.  Brief  ac- 
count of  the  early  lives  of  Samuel  and  David.  Leading 
facts  in  the  Life  of  Christ  told  in  simple  language. 

Standard  I. 

Same  as  for  infants  ;  in  fuller  detail. 

£    55387.  X 


Standard  II. 

Repeat  the  Ten  Commandments  and  the  Lord's 
Prayer.  Learn  St.  Matthew  v.  1-12,  and  St.  Matthew 
xxii.  35-40.  The  Life  of  Abraham.  Simple  outline  of 
the  Life  of  Christ. 

Standard  III. 

Memory  work,  as  in  Standards  I.  and  II.  Learn 
Psalm  xxiii.  The  Life  of  Joseph.  Puller  outline  of 
the  Life  of  Christ,  with  an  account  of  the  following 
parables  : — The  Two  Debtors ;  the  Good  Samaritan ; 
the  Prodigal  Son;  the  Merciless  Servant;  the  Lost 
Sheep ;  the  Pharisee  and  the  Publican. 


346 


ELEMENTABr   KDUOATION    ACTS   COMMISSION 


Standard  IT. 
Memory  work,  as  in  Standard  III.  Learn  St.  John 
xiv.,  verses  15-31.  The  Life  of  Moses.  The  Life  of 
Christ  (1st  part)  as  gathered  from  the  Gospels— St.  Mat- 
thew to  xiv.  36  ;  St.  Mark  to  vi.  56 ;  St.  Luke  to  ix.  17 ; 
St.  John  to  vii.  1,  viz.,  to  Third  Passover;  with  an 
acconnt  of  the  following  parables  :— The  Sower;  the 
Mustard  Seed ;  the  Wheat  and  the  Tares  ;  the  Pearl  of 
Great  Price.  Slight  knowledge  of  the  Geography  of 
Palestine. 

Standard  V. 
Memory  work,  as  in  Standard  IV.  Leara  Ephesians 
vi.,  verses  1-18.  The  Lives  of  Samuel,  Saul,  and 
David.  The  Life  of  Christ  contimied  ;2nd  part),  from 
Third  Passover  to  end  of  Gospels.  Acts  of  the  Apostles, 
first  two  chapters. 


Standard  VI. 

Memory  work,  as  in  Standard  V.  Learn  Isaiah  liii. 
and  Ephes.  iv.,  verses  25-32.  The  lives  of  Elijah  and 
Daniel.  Recapitulation  of  the  Life  of  Christ,  together 
with  an  account  of  His  discourses  as  given  in  St.  John, 
chapters  iii.,  vi.  1-40,  and  x.  ;  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  to 
chapter  viii. 

Standard  VII.  and  v.pwards. 

Memory  work,  as  in  Standard  VI.  Learn  1 
Corinthians  siii.  Recapitulation  of  the  lives  of 
Abraham,  Moses,  Samuel,  Saul,  David,  and  Daniel. 
Recapitulation  of  the  Life  of  Christ,  as  in  Standard  VI. 
Acts  of  the  Apostles,  with  especial  reference  to  the  life 
and  missionary  journeys  of  St.  Paul. 


No.  16. 
HBDWORTH,  MONKTON,  AND  JARROW  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DURHAM. 


1.  Regulatioks  foe  Religious  Insteuctiok. 

The  schools  must  be  opened  and  closed  by  singing  a 
hymn,  and  prayer. 

The  authorised  version  of  the  Scriptures  must  be 
read  every  morning,  and  such  explanation  be  given 
therein  by  the  head  and  certificated  assistant  teachers 
in  each  school  as  is  suited  to  the  capacities  of  the 
children. 

Thirty  minutes  must  be  allowed  for  religious  in- 
struction every  morning. 

Sections  7  and  14  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act, 
1870,  must  be  strictly  enforced  and  observed  in  each 
school. 

Children  who,  in  compliance  with  the  provisions  of 
the  Conscience  Clause,  may  be  withdrawn  from  the 
Bible  lesson,  must  receive  instruction  in  secular 
subjects  separately. 

The  board  pai-ticularly  desire  and  direct  that  con- 
stant, earnest,  and  careful  attention  be  given  to  the 
training  of  children,  as  well  as  to  their  instruction. 

Reverence  for  God  is  to  be  inculcated,  and  all 
children,  of  whatever  age,  are  to  be  taught  to  seek 
after  and  to  do  what  is  right  and  good  ;  to  attend  to  the 
monitions  of  their  own  consciences  as  in  the  sight  of 
God ;  and  to  cultivate  feelings  of  love  and  duty  towards 
Him  and  towards  their  fellow-men. 

All  profanity  or  coarseness  of  language,  indecency  of 
Itehaviour,  deceit,  untruth,  speaking  evil  of  others, 
fighting,  cruelty,  dishonesty,  wilful  damage  or  destruc- 
tion of  property,  carelessness,  and  recklessness-,  are  to 
be  reproved,  and,  when  necessary,  offenders  are  to  be 
discreetly  punished. 

The  board  wish  to  have  all  the  scholars  encouraged 
in  thrift,  cleanliness,  neatness,  order,  punctuality,  self- 
respect,  honesty,  truthfulness,  fortitude,  unselfishness, 
and  gentleness,  and  to  acquire  habits  of  industry, 
sobriety,  obedience,  self-reliance,  self-control,  self- 
denial  for  the  good  of  others,  good  manners,  and 
gracefulness. 


Teachers  should  endeavour,  both  in  the  Scripture 
lessons,  in  the  classes,  and  in  the  playground,  to  train 
the  minds  of  the  children  under  their  care  in  the 
direction  indicated,  and  to  respectful  and  considerate 
treatment  of  each  other,  of  their  teachers,  their  jjarents 
and  guardians,  their  superiors,  their  inferiors,  and  all 
persons  of  whatever  condition,  nation,  or  position. 

Parents  and  others  having  the  charge  of  children  are 
earnestly  requested  to  assist  the  teachers  and  the 
school  board  by  their  example  and  influence,  out  of 
school  hours,  in  this  important  part  of  education. 

An  examination  in  religious  knowledge  will  be  held 
annually,  by  a  committee  to  be  appointed  by  the  board 
from  time  to  time. 

2.  Syllabus  of  Religious  Instkuction. 
Infants. 

To  be  learnt  by  heart : — The  Lord's  Prayer  ;  the  IV. 
and  V.  Commandments  ;  one  or  more  hymns. 

Scripture  instraotion : — The  chief  facts  of  the 
Creation,  the  Fall,  and  Life  of  Abraham.  Birth  of 
Christ ;  visit  of  the  Wise  Men  ;  Death  and  Resurrection 
of  Our  Lord  ;  St.  Matthew,  chapter  xiii. 

Standards  I.,  II.,  III. 

To  be  learnt  by  heart : — The  Lord's  Prayer  ;  the  Ten 
Commandments  ;  the  Beatitudes,  Psalm  xix. ;  one  or 
more  hymns. 

Scripture  instruction  : — Genesis  i.  to  viii. ;  lives  of 
Samuel  and  Saul ;  St.  Liike  i.  to  xii. 

Standards  IV.— VII. 

To  be  learnt  by  heart : — The  Beatitudes ;  the  Ten 
Commandments ;  Proverbs,  chapter  iii.  ;  one  or  more 
hymns. 

Scripture  instruction: — Exodus  i.-xii.  (chief  facts); 
life  of  Daniel ;  St.  Luke  xiii.-xxiv. ;  Acts  i.-vii. 


No.  ir- 

DURHAM  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS. 


First  or  Infant  Grade. 

Old  Testament. — The  Creation  ;  the  Fall ;  history  of 
Cain  and  Abel ;  the  Flood. 

New  Testament. — Brief  outline  of  Our  Lord's  life. 

Any  other  simple  Bible  stories  suitable  for  infants, 
including  the  easier  parables  and  miracles  of  Our  Lord. 
The  Lord's  Prayer  j  the  Ten  Commandments ;  home 
prayers  ;  simple  hymns  to  be  said  and  sung. 

Second  Orade. 

Old  Testament.— History  in  Genesis. 

New  Testament  — The  life  of  Our  Lord,  as  far  as  the 
Transfiguration,  including  the  parables  and  miracles 
within  that  period ;  appropriate  hymns  and  home 
prayers. 


Thwd  Grade. 


Brief  revision  of  the  above,  with 

Old  Testament. — The  lives  of  Moses,  Joshua,  and 
Gideon. 

New  Testament. — Life  of  Our  Lord,  from  the  Trans- 
figuration, including  the  parables  and  miracles  within 
that  period ;  appropriate  hymns  and  pi-ayers. 

Fourth  Grade. 

Brief  revision  of  the  above,  with 

Old  Testament. —  The  First  and  Second  Books  of 
Samuel  ;  or  the  First  and  Second  Books  of  the  Kings  ; 
or  the  Period  of  the  Captivity;  the  types  and  prophecies 
in  Genesis  and  Exodus  i.  to  xx. 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL    REPORT. 


347 


New  Testament. — Acts  i.-xiv. ;  or  Acts  xv.-xxviii. ; 
or  St.  John's  Gospel.  Selected  parables  and  miracles  ; 
appropriate  hymns  and  prayers. 

Note  (1.) — The  children  in  each  grade  will  be  expected 
to  have  committed  to  memory  texts  and  passages  of 
scripture  bearing  upon  the  subjects  prepared. 

Note  (2.) — Where  there  is  an  infant  department. 
Standard  I.  in  the  other  departments  should  take  addi- 
tional Bible  stories,  miracles,  and  parables,  unless  it  be 
taught  with  higher  standards,  in  which  case  it  shonld 
attempt  the  work  of  Grade  II. 


Note  (3.) — As  the  highest-group  may  contain  several 
Standards,  this  gi'oup  should  varyjits  work  from  year  to 
year ;  for  which  purpose  alternative  subjects  are  given 
above.  And  these  will  meet  the  cases  of  schools  which 
have  more  than  four  groups. 

The  diocesan  inspector  is  authorised  to  make  such 
modifications  in  this  syllabus  as  may  seem  to  him  ad- 
visable (after  consultation  with  the  managers  and 
teachers)  to  meet  the  circumstances  of  particular 
schools. 


No.  18. 
SOUTH  SHIELDS  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DUBHAM. 


(1.)  Eegulatiojjs  op  the  Boakd. 

All  teachers  must  give  particular  attention,  both  in 
the  instruction  given  and  in  the  selection  of  prayers 
and  hymns,  to  the  following  directions  of  the  board, 
viz. : — That  the  Bible  shall  be  read,  and  there  shall  be 
given  by  the  teachers  such  explanations  and  such  in- 
struction therefrom,  in  the  principles  of  morality  and 


religion,  as  are  suited  to  the  capacities  of  children  ;  and 
that  all  teachers  be  enjoined,  not  only  strictly  to  adhere 
to  the  terms  of  the  14th  section  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Act,  1870,  which  provides  that  no  religious 
catechism  or  religious  formulary,  which  is  distinctive 
of  any  denomination,  shall  be  taught  in  the  schools ;  but 
also  to  abstain  from  all  denominational  teaching. 


(2.)  Syllabus  oh  Seligious  Instruction,  1888-9. 


Subjects. 


Old  Testameut. — Monday 
and  Tuesday,  with  re- 
petition on  the  last 
lesson  day  in  each 
month. 


New  Testament. — Wednes- 
day and  Thursday,  with 
repetition  on  the  last 
lesson  day  in  each 
month. 


Hymns  and  texts  to  be 
learnt  on  each  Friday 
morning. 


Infants. 


Oral  instruction  iu  such  parts  of 
the  Book  of  Genesis  as  will 
interest  young  children. 


Oral  instruction  in  the  principal 
events  of  Our  Lord's  Life,  e.g., 
his  birth  and  circumstances 
attending  it,  his  visit  to  Jeru- 
salem when  12  years  of  age  ;  a 
few  of  the  Parables,  e.g.,  those 
in  S.  Luke  xv.,  His  Crucifixion, 
Resurrection,  and  Ascension. 


Standards  II.  and  III. 


Israel's  Conquest  and 
Possession  of  the 
Promised  Land  as 
described  in  .loshua 
i.-iv.;  v.  10-x.  15; 
xiv. ;  xviii.  l-IO; 
XX. :  xxii.-end. 


Acts  of  the  Apostles, 
chapters  i.  to  xii. 


Higher  Standards. 


The  same  subjects  as  for  Standards  II. 
and  III.,  but  fuller  and  more  in- 
telligent study  expected,  with  some 
kaowledjr-''  of  the  geography  of  the 
land  (especially  of  peculiar  features 
such  as  the  Jordan  valley)  and  its 
effects  on  the  subsequent  history  of 
the  inhabitants. 

The  same  as  for  Standards  II.  and  III., 
but  with  reference  to  earlier  notices 
of  S.  Peter  in  the  gospels,  e.g., 
S.  Luke  v.  1-1 1  ;  ix.  28-36  ;  S. 
Matthew  xiv.  22-33 ;  S.  John  i. 
35-42;  St.  Mark  xiv.  66-72;  S. 
John  xxi. 


The  Lord's  Prayer. — For  the  sake  of  uniformity  it  is  recommended  that  the  children  should  learn 
texts  from  one  or  other  of  the  selections  given  below. 

(o.)  For  Infants: — Psalm   xxiii. ;    S.  Mark  x.  14;    S.  John  x.  Z4;    Isaiah  xl.  11,  to   word 

"  bosom." 
(6.)  For  Elder  Scholars  : — 

1.  Texts  illustrative  of  the  narrative  in   the   Book  of    Joshua: — Psalm  cvii.  4-8, 

Ephesian.s  vi.  10,  11  ;  Psalm  xxvii.  1  ;  Hebrews  iv.   9  ;   S.  .John  xiv.  2,   3  ;.  Psalm 
xxiii.  4  ;  Isaiah  xliii.  2  ;  Psalm  ciii.  2  ;  Revelations  vii.   16,  17;  2  Corinthians  x. 

4,  5  ;  1  Timothy  vi.  10  ;  Psalm  cxxxix.  11,12;  Proverbs  iii.  5,  6  ;  Galatians  vi.  7  ; 

5.  Matthew  xxv.  21 ;  S.  Matthew  xi.  28,  29 ;  Psalm  ix.  9 ;  xlvi.  1 ;  S.  John  iv.  24  ; 
S.  Matthew  vi.  24  ;  S.  Matthew  xxii.  37,  38  :   (33  verses). 

2.  S.  John  xiv.  1-15  ;  Psalms  viii.  and  cxxi.  :  (32  verses). 

3.  S.  Matthew  vii.  :    (29  verses). 

4.  S.  Luke  XV.   11-24;    S.  Matthew  xi.   28-30;    Psalm  xxxii. ;   Psalm  ciii.   8-13: 

(.34  verses). 


(3.)    SCKIPTUEAL   InSTEUCTION   EXAMINATION. 

The  committee  of  examiners  have  appointed  six  sub- 
committees for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  work 
referred  to  them  by  the  board. 

The  following  general  arrangements  have  been 
adopted  by  the  committee,  and  approved  by  the  board, 
viz. : — 

1.  That  the  examination  be  conducted  orally. 

2.  That  the  sub-committees  of  examiners  may  ask  the 
teachers  to  aid  them  by  examining  the  classes,  in  their 
presence,  upon  the  subjects  of  scriptural  instruction 
included  in  the  syllabus,  the  examiners  being  at  liberty 
to  supplement  such  examination  by  putting  any  ques- 
tions they  may  consider  proper. 

3.  That  the  scholars  of  Standards  V.,  VI.,  and  VU. 
may  be  required  by  the  examiners  to  write  out  one  or 
more  hymns  or  texts  which  they  have  learnt. 

4.  That  the  examination  be  conducted  during  the 
morning  session,  except  as  regards  No.  6  sub-committee, 
which  is  at  liberty  to  fix  its  own  time. 


■5.  The  days  appointed  for  the  examination  are  Tues- 
day, 12th,  Wednesday,  13th,  and  Thursday,  14th  June 
next. 

6.  The  sub-committees  may,  for  tho  purposes  of  the 
examination,  occupy  a  morning's  attendance  in  each 
department  of  the  school,  or  they  may  complete  their 
examination  of  all  the  departments  during  tho  same 
session.  Whichever  course  be  adopted,  the  examina- 
tion will  commence  on  Tuesday,  12th  June,  say  at 
9.30  a.m.,  unless  otherwise  specially  advised. 

7.  That  the  first-named  member  of  each  sub-com- 
mittee do  act  as  convener  of  his  sub-committee. 

8.  That  each  sub-committee  present  a  report  on  the 
subject  of  its  examination  to  the  general  committee. 
The  conveners  are  responsible  for  tho  production  of  these 
reports. 

9.  That  a  meeting  of  the  committee  bo  held  on  Mon- 
day, 19th  Juno  next,  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  tho 
reports  of  thp  sub-committees,  and  of  preparing  a 
general  report  to  the  board. 


Xx  2 


348 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION 


A  14  days'  notice  will  be  conspicuously  affixed  in  each, 
school  that  the  examination  will  take  place  on  the  12th 
proximo,  or  on  either  of  the  two  following  days,  as  may 
be  determined  by  each  sub-committee  of  examiners. 
Any  children,  whoso  parents  desire  it,  can,  on  notice 
being  sent  to  the  head  teacher,  be  withdrawn  from  the 


examination  ;  they  are  to  be  placed  in  a  separate  class- 
room and  proceed  with  the  ordinary  school  lessons. 

The  period  occupied  by  the  examination  must  not  be 
reckoned  as  ordinary  school  hours.  It  is,  therefore, 
usual  to  go  through  the  form  of  giving  a  holiday,  when 
the  registers  will  not  be  marked. 


No.  19. 
STOCKTON-ON-TEES  SCHOOL  BOABD,  DIJRHAM. 


(I.)  Regulations  for  Religious  Instruction. 

(2.)  Syllabus. 

A. — Schools. 

B. — Pupil  Teachers. 

C. — Examination  of — 

1.  Schools. 

2.  Pupil  teachers. 

General  Principles. — 1.  It  is  to  be  distinctly  observed 
by  the  teachers  that  in  all  the  religious  teaching  and 
exercises  the  provisions  of  the  Education  Act,  1870,  in 
sections  7  and  14,  are  to  be  strictly  complied  with,  both 
in  letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  is  to  be  made 
in  any  way  to  attach  children  to  any  particular  de- 
nomination. 

2.  In  all  cases  where  children  are  withdrawn  from 
the  religious  teaching  by  parents  or  guardians,  suitable 
and  adequate  arrangements  shall  be  made  for  their 
instruction  in  secular  subjects. 

A.  — Schools. 
Method  of  Religious  teaching. — For  the  purpose  of 
religious  instruction  the  schools  shall  be  divided  into 
sections. 

Infants'  schools  shall  be  divided  into  at  least  two 
sections — 

(1.)  Juniors. 
(2.)  Seniors. 
These  may  be  again  subdivided  at  the  discretion  of 
the  teacher.     Where  Standaid  I.  is  kept  it  shall  take 


the  work  prescriljed  for  it  in  the  ordinary  schools  of 
the  board  as  a  separate  section  (3). 

Junior  schools  shall  be  divided  into  sections  in 
accordance  with  the  provisions  made  for  the  same 
standards  in  the  ordinary  schools  of  the  board. 

Ordinary  schools  of  the  board  shall  be  divided  into 
three  sections  according  to  standards : — 

Section  1. — Standard  I. 

„         2. — Standards  II.  and  III. 

3.— Standards  IV.,  V.,  and  VI. 

Any  deviation  from  the  grouping  laid  down  in  these 
rules,  which  may  be  deemed  requisite  by  the  head 
teachers,  shall  be  made  only  with  the  approval  of  the 
school  management  committee. 

Teaching.— The  head  teacher  will,  as  a  rule,  per- 
sonally give  the  instruction  in  the  highest  section, 
and  will  arrange  that  the  assistants,  and  where 
necessary  pupil  teachers,  shall,  in  order  of  seniority, 
take  their  share  in  the  teaching  of  the  junior  sections, 
and  will  arrange  for  the  teachers  not  so  engaged  to  be 
present  at  sections ;  provided  always  that  all  the 
members  of  the  teaching  staff  be  engaged  in,  or  be 
present  at  the  religious  teaching,  except  such  as  may 
be  needed  for  the  care  of  the  children  withdrawn  from 
the  religious  tsaching.  In  all  cases  the  head  teachers 
will  feel  that  the  responsibility  of  the  whole  teaching 
rests  with  them,  and  they  will  from  time  to  time  take 
such  steps  as  they  may  deem  necessary  to  secure 
efficient  teaching  of  all  the  sections. 


Subjects 

to  he  taught. — Infants'  Schools. 

To  Learn  by  Heart. 

Scripture  Instruction. 

Six  hymns  to  be  selected  from   the  Hymu  Book 
approved  by  the  board. 

The  Alphabet  of  Texts,  the  Lord's  Prayer,  and  the 
Fifth  Commandment. 

Group  I.  (^Juniors).— Creation  ;  Fall;  Flood;  Life 
of   .Joseph ;    David    slaying   Golintli  ;    Call    of 
Samuel  ;  Birth   of  Christ ;    Visit  of   Shepherds 
and  Wise  Men  ;  Christ's  Death. 

Group  II.  (Seniors). — Same  as  Group  I.,  and  Cain 
and  Abel;   Abraham   offering  up  Isaac;    Early 
Life  of  Moses ;  Life    of   Daniel ;  Christ's    Re- 
surrection; three  Miracles,  and  three  J'arablos. 

Juniors. 
Seniors. 

Subjects  to  be  taught. — Ordinary  Schools. 


To  Leam  by  Heart. 


Scripture  Instruction. 


Scripture  Exercises. 


Standard  I. 
(Section  1.) 


Standards  II.  and' 

III. 

(Section  2.) 


Standards  IV.- 

VI. 

(Section  3.) 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Cora-  [ 
raandments ;  at  least  20  verses  from 

the  following  passages  :    St.  Matt.  v.  i 

1-12;  vi.  24-34;  vii.    7-14;   xi.   28-  \ 

30;  xix.  13    and    14;    xxii.    37-40;  ! 
xxviii.  18-20  ;  St.  Luke  i.  46-.55  and 

68-79;  ii.   2^J-32;   St.  John  iii.    16;  i 

iv.  24  ;  xi.  25  and  26 ;  xiv.  1-3.  i 

i 
The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Com-  1 
mandments ;  four  of  the  following 
Psalms:  I,  4,  8,  15,  19,  23,  25,  32,  , 
34,  51,  84,  91,  103,  104,  107,  119  ' 
(any  section  at  the  discretion  of  the 
teacher),  121,  130,  139,  147,  and  four  j 
Parables  from  tlie  Gospel  of  St.  Luke, 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments and  six  of  the  above 
Psalms,  and  St.  John  xv.  or  1  Cor. 
xiii. 


Outlines  of  the  Book  of  Genesis,  with  a 
more  exact  knowledge  of  the  life  of  (n) 
Abraliam,  (i)  Jacob,  (c)  Joseph.  Out- 
lines of  St.  Matthew's  Gospel,  with  a 
special  knowledge  of  the  birth,  death, 
and  resurrection  of  Christ,  and  of  six 
Miracles  and  six  Parables. 


Itevise  the  liook  of  Genesis  ;  outlines  of  the 
historical  part  of  the  Book  of  Exodus, 
with  an  exact  knowledge  of  the  Life  of 
Moses. 

Outlines  of  St.  Mark's  and  St.  Luke's  Gospels 
in  alternate  years,  with  accurate  know- 
ledge of  Miracles  and  Parables  recorded 
in  them. 

Outlines  of  Old  Testament  History,  and 
each  year  two  of  the  following  Books  : 
Joshua  and  Judges  ;  Samuel  I.  and  II. ; 
and  Kings  I.  and  II. ;  with  special  refe- 
rence to  the  biographies  contained  in 
them.  Outlines  of  New  Testament  His- 
tory, and  each  year  one  of  the  following 
portions  of  Holy  Scripture  :  The  histori- 
cal part  of  (1)  the  Gospel  of  St.  John; 
(2)  Acts  i.-xii. ;  (3)  Acts  xiv.-xxviii. 


Examples  from  Holy 
Scripture  of  the 
observance  or 

breach  of  the  Ten 
Commandments. 


Same  as  abovt 


The  Petitious  of  the 
Lord's  Prayer  ex- 
emplified by  other 
passages  of  Holy 
Scripture. 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL    REPORT. 


349 


In  section  1. — The  teaching  shall  be  oral. 

,,        2. — The  teaching  shall  be   in   the   main,  oral  ;    but   the   Bibles   to    be   frequently    used   by   the 

children. 
„        3. — The  Bible  to  be  generally  and  systematically  read  both  by  teachers  and  children. 

B. — Pupil  Teachers. 

1.  The  head  teachers  shall  give  out  of  school  hoars,  in  every  week,  not  less  than  60  minutes  to  the  regular  and 
systematic  instruction  of  their  pupil  teachers  in  accordance  with  the  following  scheme. 

2.  The  scheme  for  pupil  teachers  shall  be  as  follows: — 


Subjects  to  be  taught. 


Candidates  and  First  Year. 


Second  Year, 


Third  Year. 


Fourth  Year. 


1.  Old  Te.«tament  history,  from 
the  Creation  to  the  death  of 
ilo»es. 

2.  New  Testament :  the  Gospel 
of  St.  Matthew. 


3.  All  the  exercises  of  Standards 
I.,  II.,  and  III. 


Old   Testament   history  to    the 
death  of  King  David. 


New  Testament  :  the  Gospels  of 
St.  Mark  and  St.  Luke. 


All  exercises  of  Standards  I.  to 
VII.  inclusive. 


Old    Testament   history 
death  of  Hezekiah. 


to   the 


New  Testament  :  the  historical 
portion  of  Gospel  of  St. 
John. 

As  in  second  year  with  Ten 
Parables  of  our  Lord. 


Old  Testament  His- 
tory to  end  of  Book 
of  Neheniiah. 

New  Testament :  Acts 
of  the  Apostles. 


C. — Examinations. 
1.  Schools. 

1.  In  conducting  the  examination,  full  regard  shall 
be  paid  to  sections  7,  14,  and  74  (c)  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Act,  1870,  in  letter  and  spirit. 

2.  The  examination  shall  be  confined  to  the  subjects 
included  in  the  syllabus. 

3.  The  examination  shall  be  conducted  by  the  board 
inspector,  who  shall  make  bis  report  to  the  board,  and 
shall  be  held  annually  in  the  sixth  month  of  the  school 
year,  and  shall  take  the  place  of  the  ordinary  examina- 
tion held  in  that  month. 


4.  Due  notice  shall  be  given  to  parents  and  children, 
which  notice  shall  explain  that  the  attendance  on  the 
day  of  examination  is  purely  voluntary,  and  that  the 
attendance  will  not  be  marked  as  a  school  attendance. 

5.  The  infants  and  children  in  Standards  I.  to  III. 
inclusive  shall  be  examined  orally;  the  children  in 
Standards  IV.  to  VII.  on  paper. 

2.  Pupil  Teachers. 

The  pupil  teachers  shall  be  examined  on  paper  by 
the  board  inspector  annually  in  the  sixth  month  of  the 
school  year ;  and  this  examination  shall  take  the  place 
of  the  ordinary  examination  held  in  that  month. 


No.  20. 


ST.  ALBAN'S  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS,  1887-8. 


Division  I. 

Old  Testament. — The  Eeigns  and  Lives  of  Solomon, 
Rehoboam,  Jeroboam,  Ahab,  Hoshea,  Hezekiah, 
Manasseh,  Josiah ;  with  the  Lives  of  Elijah  and  Elisha, 
and  the  account  of  the  Captivity  of  Judah  in  2  Kings 
xxiv.,  XXV. 

New  Testament.  —  The  G-ospel  according  to  St. 
Matthew. 

Division  II. 

Old  Testament. — The  History  of  the  Israelites  from 
the  Exodus  to  the  Death  of  Joshua.  The  following  are 
the  more  important  chapters  :  Exodus  xi.  to  xx.,  xxxii. 
to  xxxiv. ;  Leviticus  xvi.,  xxiii. ;  Numbers  xi.  to  xiv., 
xvi.,  xvii.,  XX.  to  xxiv. ;  Deuteronomy  xxxiv.  ;  Joshua  i. 
to  X.,  xxiv. 

New  Testament. — The  Life  of  our  Blessed  Lord,  with 
a  more  particular  knowledge  of  the  last  five  chapters  of 
St.  Matthew's  Gospel. 

Division  III. 

Old  Testament. — Exodus  i.  to  xx. 

New  Testament. — The  events  of  the  Life  of  our 
Blessed  Lord  as  in  Division  IV.,  with  the  addition  of 
the  Visit  to  the  Temple  at  twelve  years  of  age,  the 
Temptation,  the  Transfiguration,  and  the  following 
Miracles  and  Parables  :  Healing  the  Nobleman's  Son ; 
Cleansing  the  Leper ;  Miraculous  Draught  of  Fishes ; 


the  liaising  of  Jairus'a  Daughter,  the  Widow's  Son. 
and  Lazurus;  the  Parables  of  the  Tares,  the  Unmerciful 
Servant,  and  the  Ten  Virgins. 

Division  IV.  (and  Infants). 

Old  Testament.— The  Creation,  Fall,  and  Flood; 
Destruction  of  Sodom  and  Gomorrah ;  Call  of 
Abraham ;  Abraham  offering  Isaac ;  the  Brazen 
Serpent ;  Call  of  Samuel ;  David  and  Goliath ;  Elijah 
at  Zarephath ;  Elijah  taken  up  to  Heaven ;  Elisha 
mocked  by  the  Children  ;  Elisha  multiplying  Widow's 
oil ;  the  History  of  Jonah. 

New  Testament. — The  Birth,  Baptism,  Death,  Re- 
surrection, and  Ascension  of  our  Blessed  Lord,  in- 
cluding the  Visits  of  the  Shepherds  and  Wise  Men,  the 
Murder  of  the  Innocents,  &c. ;  the  Blessing  of  Little 
Children  ;  the  Raising  of  Lazarus  ;  Calming  the  Storm  ; 
the  Prodigal  Son. 

A  list  of  texts  and  hymns  should  be  ready  for  the 
inspector. 

The  texts  chosen  should  be  such  as  can  be  explained 
to  the  children. 

The  inspector  would  be  glad  if  the  teacher  of  each 
class  would  have  ready  for  him  a  list  of  texts  or  portions 
of  Scripture  learned  by  heart  by  the  class,  and  also  a 
detailed  list  of  the  subjects  in  which  the  class  is  fco  be 
examined. 


Xx  3 


350 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION 


No.  21. 
WANSTBAD  SCHOOL  BOARD,  ESSEX. 
Stllabtjs  op  RBiieious  Instruction. 
Infants'  Bejpartment. 


Upper  Division. 

Lower  Division. 

Old  Testament. 

New  Testament. 

Memory  Work. 

Old  Testament. 

New  Testament. 

Memory  Work. 

Creation. 
The  FaU. 
Cain  and  Abel. 

The  birth,  life,  and 
death  of  Christ. 

The     Ten     Com- 
mandments. 
Hymns  aud  texts 

The  Creation. 
The  Fall. 
Cain  and  Abel. 
The  Flood. 

The  birth,  life,  and 
death  of  Christ. 

Hymns    and    texts 
at  the  discretion 
of  the  teacher. 

The  Flood. 

Abraham. 

Isaac. 

Esau  and  Jacob. 

Early  life  of  Joseph. 

at  the  discretion 
of  the  teacher. 

m 

Boya'  and  Girls'  Departments. 

Standard. 


Old  Testament. 


New  Testament. 


Memory  Work. 


11. 


III. 


IV. 


v.,  VI.,  and 

VII. 

Ist  year. 


v.,  VI.,  and 

VII. 

2nd  year. 


v.,  VI.,  and 

VII. 

3rd  year. 


Interesting  narratives  from  Genesis, 
chapters  i.-xxxvii. 


liives  of  Jacob  and  Joseph. 


Book  of  Exodus,  chapters  i.-xx. 


Life  of  Moses. 


The  Books  of  Joshua  and  Judges 


Life  of  Samuel  aud  the  early  life  of 
David  (until  he  became  king). 


Lives    of    Elijah,    Elisha   (to   the 
death  of  Jezebel),  and  Daniel. 


Simple  outlines  of  the  life  of  Christ. 


Outlines  of  the  life  of  Christ  with 
two  miracles. 


Outlines  of  the  Live  of  Christ, 
with  four  miracles  and  two 
parables. 


Fuller  outline  of  the  Life  of  Christ. 
The  chief  miracle  s  and  parables. 


Gospel  according  to  St.  Matthew. 


Gospel  according  to  St.  Mark. 


Gospel  according  to  St.  Luke,  with 
the  first  chapter  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 


a.  The  Lord's  Prayer. 

b.  The  Ten  Commandments. 

c.  Hymns  aud  texts  .it  the  discretion 

of  teacher. 

d.  St.  Mark  x.  13-17. 

o,  b,  and  c.  As  above. 

d.  Fsalni  xxiii. 

e.  St.  Mark  x.  13-17. 

a  and  6.  As  above. 

c.  Psalm  i. 

d.  St.  Matthew  T.  1-12. 

e.  St.  Luke  xv.  1-10. 

a  and  b.  As  above. 

c.  Proverbs  iii.  (10  verses  selected), 

d.  St.  Matthew  v.  1-12. 

e.  St.  John  xiy.  15-31. 

a  and  b.  As  above, 
e.  Psalm  xxxiv. 

d.  Ephesians  iv.  25-32. 

e.  St.  Luke  XV.  11-32. 

a  and  6.  As  above. 

c.  Psalm  ciii. 

d.  St.  James  i.  22-27. 

e.  St.  Luke  x.  25-37. 

a  and  b.  As  above. 

c.  Psalm  li. 

d.  St.  Johnx.  11-18. 

e.  St.  Mark  iv.  1-20. 


No.  22. 
WEST  HAM  SCHOOL  BOARD,  ESSEX. 


Syllabus  of  Religious  Insieuction. 
Oov/rse  A. — For  Infants'  Schools. 

Old  Testament.— The  Creation ;  the  Fall ;  the  Flood ; 
the  Life  of  Joseph. 

New  Testament. — The  Birth  of  Christ ;  the  Shepherds 
and  Wise  Men  ;  Ohi-ist's  Death. 

The  teachers  to  give  these  from  such  Gospels  as  they 
think  most  interesting  to  children. 

To  learn  not  less  than  20  verses  and  hymns  at  the 
discretion  of  the  teacher. 

Tor  Boys'  and  Girls'  Schools. 

The  Book  of  Genesis  and  the  Gospel  of  St.  Matthew. 

The  examination  in  the  above  will  be  graduated 
according  to  the  several  standards.  The  examination 
in  the  6th,  6th,  and  7th  Standards  to  be  wholly  or 
partially  in  writing,  at  the  discretion  of  the  examiner. 

Memory.— The  Lord's  Prayer ;  the  Ten  Command- 
menta;  opening Terses  of  "Sermon  on  Mount"  (Mat- 


thew V.  1-12).  And  not  less  than  20  verses  from  the 
Psalms  and  Book  of  Proverbs,  to  be  selected  by  the 
head  teacher. 

Pupil  Teachers. 

The  examination  of  the  pupil  teachers  will  be  in  the 
same  subjects  as  those  for  the  elder  children,  but  a 
more  accurate  and  extensive  knowledge  will  be  expected. 

Course  B. — Boys'  and  Girls'  Schools. 

Old  Testament.— Book  of  Exodus,  omitting  chapters 
xxi.  to  xxxi. 

New  Testament.— St.  Mark's  Gospel. 

To  be  committed  to  memory  and  understood. — The 
Lord's  Prayer ;  the  Ten  Commandments  ;  the  opening 
verses  of  the  Sermon  on  the  Mount ;  Psalm  ciii. ;  St. 
John,  chap,  i.,  verses  1  to  14,  and  chap,  x.,  verses  11  to 
18. 


APPENDIXES  TO  FINAL  KEPORT. 


351 


Infants'  Schools. 
Upper  Section. 


Old  Testament. 

The  principal  events  in 
the  first  14  chapters  of 
Exodus. 


New  Testament. 

The   principal  events  in 
St.  Mark's  Gospel. 


Lower  Section. 


The  Creation. 

The  Fall. 

The  Flood. 

The  Life  of  Joseph. 


The  Birth  of  Christ. 

The  Shepherds  and  Wise 
Men. 

Two  of  the  Miracles  of 
Christ  (from  St.  Mark's 
Gospel). 

Christ's  Death  and  Re- 
surrection. 

To  be  committed  to  memory. — The  Lord's  Prayer; 
St,  John  X.  11  to  18,  with  other  texts  and  hymns. 

Pupil  Teachers. 

Old  Testament.— The  Life  of  Moses. 
New  Testament. — St.  Mark's  Gospel. 

Course  0. — Boys'  and  Girls'  Schools. 

Old  Testament. — Book  of  Joshua,  first  eleven  chapters ; 
the  History  of  the  Judges,  with  details  of  the  Lives  of 
Gideon,  Deborah  and  Barak,  Jephtha,  Samson,  and 
Samuel. 

New  Testament. — St.  Luke's  Gospel,  with  the  First 
Chapter  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


To  be  committed  to  memory  and  understood. — The 
Lord's  Prayer ;  the  Ten  Commandments ;  the  opening 
verses  of  the  Sermon  on  the  Mount;  Psalm  xxxiv. ;  St. 
Lnkc  XV.  1  to  32. 

Infants'  Schools. 
Upper  Section. 


Old  Testament. 
The  Crossing  of  Jordan. 
The  Fall  of  Jericho. 
The  Life  of  Samuel. 


New  Testament. 

The  principal  events  in 
St.  Luke's  Gospel ;  with 
Acts  of  the  Apostles  i.  1 
to  12. 


Lower  Section. 


The  Creation. 

The  Fall. 

The  Flood. 

The  Life  of  Samuel. 


The  Bii-th  of  Christ. 

The  Shepherds  and  Wise 
Men. 

The  Parable  of  the  Pro- 
digal Son. 

The  Miracles  from  St. 
Luke's  Gospel. 

Christ's  Death,  Resur- 
rection, and  Ascension. 

To  be  committed  to  memory. — The  Lord's  Prayer? 
St.  Luke  X.  25  to  37,  with  other  texts  and  hymns. 

Piipil  Teachers. 

Old  Testament. — The  History  of  the  Judges,  inclu- 
ding  Samuel. 

New  Testament.— St.  Luke's  Gospel,  with  the  First 
Chapter  of  the  Acts  of  Apostles. 


No.  23. 
BRISTOL  SCHOOL  BOARD,  GLOUCESTERSHIRE. 


I 


SniiBus  OS  Religious  Instruction. 

Course  of  Stiuly  preparatory  to  Ensamination  in  the 
Summer  o/1889  and  the  two  following  years. 

SCEOLABS. 

Infants. 

Memory. — Psalm  xxiii.  or  cxxi  j  S.  Matthew  vi.  9-13  ; 
S.  Mark  X.  13,  14. 

Study. — Lives  of  Adam  and  Eve,  Joseph  and  his 
Brethren;  Birth  and  Childhood  of  our  Lord;  parable 
of  the  Prodigal  Son,  Luke  xv.  11-32. 

Standards  L,  II.,  IIL—IS89. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17 ;  Psalm  8 ;  S.  Matthew 
vii.  21-29. 

Study. — Lives  of  Adam  and  Noah ;  the  Infancy, 
Baptism,  Temptation  of  our  Lord,  and  Call  of  the 
Disciples  (S.  Matthew  i.-iv.) 

1890. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17 ;  Psalm  xcv. ;  S.  Matthew 
vi.  5-13.    Luke  xii.  27-32. 

Study. — Lives  of  Abraham  and  Isaac ;  outline  of  our 
Lord's  Ministry  in  Galilee,  with  more  particular 
reference  to  His  Miracles. 

1891. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17 ;  Psalm  xxvii. ;  Proverbs 
iii.  1-12.     S.  John  xv.  1-11. 

Study. — Lives  of  Jacob  and  Joseph ;  outline  of  our 
Lord's  Ministry,  with  more  particular  reference  to  His 
Parables. 


Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI.,  VII,  and  Candidates.— IS89 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17 ;  Psalm  xix. ;  Eccles.  xii. 
1-7  ;  S.  Matthew  vi.  5-13  ;  Luke  xv.  3-10. 

Study. — Life  of  Moses ;  Life  of  our  Lord  from  the 
Transfiguration  to  the  Aacension. 


1890. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17  ;  Isaiah  liii. ;  1  John  iv. 
7-21. 

Study. — Lives  of  Joshua  and  Gideon  ;  the  History,of 
the  Early  Church  (Acts  i.-viii.  and  x.). 

1891. 

Memoi-y.- Exodus  xx.  1-17  ;  Psalm  xci.  ;  1  Cor.  xUi. 

Study. — Lives  of  Solomon  and  Daniel;  Lives  of 
S.  Stephen,  S.  Philip,  and  S.  Paul  up  to  and  including 
his  first  missionary  journey. 

Pupil  Teacheks. 
Candidates.— 1889. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17  ;  Psalms  xv.,  Ixxii.  1-19  ; 
Matthew  v.  1-12. 

Study. — Life  of  Moses,  and  History  of  Israel  in 
Egypt ;  chief  events  in  the  Life  of  our  Lord. 

1890. 

Memory. — Job.  xxviii. ;  Isaiah  Iv. ;  John  xv. 

Study. — Histoiy  of  Israel  from  the  Bxadus  to  the 
conquest  of  Canaan  ;  Miracles  of  our  Lord,  and 
Acts  i.,  ii. 

1891. 

Memory. — Psalms  xlvi.,  cxvi.;  Luke  xv. 

Study. — Lives  and  Times  of  Elijah,  Elisha,  and 
Daniel ;  Life  of  S.  Peter. 

Note  1. — For  the  purposes  of  this  examination,  all 
scholars  shall  be  deemed  to  belong  to  that  standard  in 
which  they  shall  have  been  on  the  31st  of  December 
preceding. 

Note  2. — Pupil  teachers  shall  be  deemed  to  belong 
to  that  year  in  which  they  shall  have  been  on  the 
Ist  of  January  preceding. 

Note  3. — It  is  expected  that  the  passages  committed 
to  memory  be  understood. 

Note  4. — In  Standards  I.,  II.,  III.,  the  same  course 
of  study  is  laid  down,  but  a  higher  degree  of  pro- 
ficiency  will  be  required  in  the  successive  standards. 
This  applies  also  to  Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI.,  and  VII., 
and  to  pupil  teachers. 


Xx  4. 


I 


352 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


No.  24. 
CIBBNCESTER  SCHOOL  BOARD,  GLOUCESTERSHIRE. 


(1.)  Regulations  pob  Religious  Instruction. 

In  the  schools  provided  by  the  board,  provision  shall 
be  made  for  giving  effect  to  the  following  reflations 
of  the  board : — 

(a.)  The  Bible  shall  be  read  daily  in  the  board  schools. 

(6.)  The  teachers  shall  give  a  lesson  daily  from  some 
one  of  the  portions  of  the  Bi})le  mentioned  in 
Schedule.  Provided  alwaj's  that  in  their  in- 
struction and  explanations  the  provisions  of 
sections  7  and  14  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Act,  1870,  be  strictly  observed  both  in  letter 
and  in  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be  made  to 
give  the  teaching  a  denominational  character. 

(c.)  The  Bible  instruction  shall  be  preceded  or  followed 
by  singing  from  a  book  selected  by  the  board. 

(d.)  Scripture  lessons  shall  be  given  every  morning. 
The  lessons  to  commence  immediately  after 
morning  prayer,  and  to  conclude  at  9.45. 

(e.)  The  lessons  shall  be  given  from  the  Old  and  New 
Testaments  alternately. 


(/.)  Pupil  teachers  arc  to  receive  one  hour's  instruc- 
tion from  the  head  teachers  every  week  in 
religious  subjects,  according  to  the  syllabus,  in 
addition  to  the  five  hours  for  secular  subjects 
required  by  the  Code. 

ig.)  An  examination  will  take  place  yearly,  and  prizes 
will  be  given  to  the  children  in  each  class  who 
pass  the  best  examination. 

(h.)  The  school  shall  be  opened  in  the  morning  and 
closed  in  the  evening  with  the  prayers  which 
have  been  approved  by  the  board. 

(i.)  The  time  during  which  every  child  shall  attend 
school  shall  be  the  whole  time  for  which  the 
school  shall  be  open.  During  the  time  or  times 
of  religious  teaching  or  observances,  any  children 
withdrawn  from  such  teaching  or  obsei-vances 
shall  receive  instruction  in  secular  subjects  in  a 
separate  room. 

(j.)  At  twelve  o'clock  grace  shall  be  sung. 


(2.)  Syllabus  of  Religious  Instruction. 


Lower    Divi- 
sion. 


Middle    Divi- 
sion. 


Upper     Divi- 
sion. 


Memory  Work. 


First  Year.— The  Lord's  Prayer 
and  ihe  Ten  Command- 
ments. Psalms  i.,  xxiii. 
Prov.  iii.  5-7,  Matt.  xi. 
28-30.  Mark  x.  13-16. 
John  X.  11-17. 

Second  Year. — The  Lord's 
Prajer  and  the  Ten  Cora- 
aiandments.  Psalms  xix., 
xlvi.  1  Sam.  iii.  7-10. 
Luke  X.  30-37.  John  iii. 
16,  17. 


First      Year.  —Psalms       viii., 

xxxiv.     Prov.  iv.  4-7  ;  xiii. 

20.      Matt.   v.   43-48  ;    vi. 

19-21.     1  Cor.  xiii. 
Second  Year. — Psalm  iii.  Prov. 

vi.  6-11;  xii.  19-22.    Matt. 

vii.    7-11.      John   i.    6-14. 

John  xiv.  1-6. 


First  Year. — Ps.   Ixxxiv.,  ciii. 

Prov.    iii.    1-7.      Luke    i. 

46--55.     Matt.  vi.  24  to  end. 
Second    Year. — Ps.    cx-vxix., 

cxlv.    Isaiah  liii.     Luke  ii. 

28-32.     Rom.  xii.  9-18. 

Supplementary  Course  :  — 
Rom.  xiii.  8-14.  Phil.  iv. 
6-8. 


Old  Testament. 


Lives     of     Noah,     Abraham, 
Isaac,  .I.icob,  and  .loseph. 


Life  of  Moses ;  History  of 
Israel's  Bondage  in  Egypt ; 
their  Deliverance  and  Journ- 
ney  through  the  Wilderness. 


New  Testament. 


First  Year. — Joshua,  Deborah, 

Gideon,    Samson,    Samuel, 

and  Saul. 
Second  Year.  —Reigns  of  David 

and     Solomon ;     Lives    of 

Elijah  and  Elisha. 

Hczekiah  and  the  Story  of  the 
Captivity. 


The  following  Facts  of  our  Lord's  History  as 
recorded  by  St.  Matthev;  and  St.  Mark : — 
His  Birth,  Baptism,  Temptation,  Death,  and 
Resurrection  :  and  also  :  — 

First  Year. — Raising  of  the  Daughter  of  Jairus  ; 
Cleansing  the  Leper ;  Feeding  the  5,000 ; 
the  Parables  of  the  Sower,  the  Prodigal  Son, 
and  the  Talents. 

Second  Year. — Healing  of  the  Paralytic,  of 
the  Centurion's  Servant,  and  of  the  Syro- 
phenician's  Daughter.  Parables  of  the 
Unmerciful  Servant,  the  Ten  Virgins,  and 
the  Good  Sam.iritan. 

The  Principal  Facts  of  Our  Lord's  History  as 
recorded  by  St.  Lnke,  including  : — His  Birth, 
Death,  and  Resurrection.  Visit  to  .lerusalem 
at  the  age  of  12.  Visit  to  the  Synagogue  at 
Nazareth  (Ch.  iv.).  Visit  to  Martha  and 
Mary  and  to  Zaecheus. 

Miracles. — The  First  Draught  of  Fishes ; 
Raising  of  the  Widow's  .Son  ;  and  the 
Cleansing  of  the  Ten  Lepers. 

The  Ten  Commandments  compared  with 
parallel  portions  of  the  New  Testament. 

The  Principal  Facts  of  our  Lord's  Life  as 
recorded  in  St.  John's  Gospel.  The  Ascen- 
sion of  our  Lord  (Acts  i.). 


Acts  ii.-x. 


No.  26. 
ST.  GEORGE  SCHOOL  BOARD,  GLOUCESTERSHIRE. 


Sillabus  of  Religious  Instruction. 

Course  of  Study  preparatory  to  Examination  in  the 
Summer  o/I888  and  the  two  following  years. 

Scholars. 


Infants. 

Psalm   xxiii.  ;    S.   Matt.   vi.  f'-I3 ; 
14.      Upper    division  ;    Exodus    xx. 


Memory. — All. 
S.  Mark  x.  13, 
8-12,  15. 

Study. — History  of  Adam  and  Eve,  Cain  and  Abel, 
Joseph  and  his  Brethren  ;  Birth  and  Childhood  of  onr 
Lord. 


Standard  I. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17;  Psalm  i. ;  S.  Matt.  vi. 
9-13 ;  S.  Lnke  ii.  8-14. 

Study. — Lives  of  Adam,  Noah,  Abraham  ;  the  Infancy, 
Baptism,  Temptation  of  our  Lord,  and  call  of  the 
disciples  (S.  Matthew  i.-iv.). 

Standard  II. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1.-17. ;  Psalm  xix.  ;  S.  Matt.  vi. 
9-13  ;  S.  Matt.  vi.  24-34. 

Study. — Lives  of  Jacob  and  Joseph  ;  outline  of  onr 
Lord's  Ministry  in  Galilee  ;  with  more  particular  re- 
ference to  His  miracles. 


APPENDIXES   TO    FIXAL   REPORT. 


S53 


Standard  III. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17 ;  Pio\ei'bs  iii.  1-12  ; 
S.  Matt.  vi.  9-13 ;  S.  John  x.  1-18. 

Study. — Life  of  Moses  ;  outline  of  our  Lord's  ministry, 
with  more  particular  reference  to  His  parables. 

Standard  IV. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17  ;  Proverbs  iii'.  13.-26  ; 
S.  Matt.  vi.  9.-13  ;  S.  John  xv.  1-16. 

Standard  V. 

Memory.  —  Exodus  xx.  1.-17 ;  Isaiah  ix.  1-7 ;  S. 
Matt.  vi.  9-13 ;  S.  Luke  xv.  11.-32. 

Standards  VI.  and  VII. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1.-17.  ;  Ecclesiastos  xii.  ; 
S.  Matt.  vi.  9-13.  ;  1  Cor.  xiii. 

Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI.,  and  VIL 

Study. — 1888.  Lives  of  Elijah,  Elisha,  and  Daniel; 
life  of  S.  Paul. 

Study. — 1889.  Lives  of  Joshua,  G-ideon,  and  Samson  ; 
life  of  our  Lord  from  the  Transfiguration  to  the  Ascen- 
sion. 

Study. — 1890.  Lives  of  Samuel,  David,  and  Solomon ; 
the  history  of  the  Early  Church  (Acts  i.-viii.  and  x.). 


PcPiL  Teacheks. 
All  Candidates  and  Pupil  Teachers. 

Memory. — Exodus    xx.    1-17;    Psalms   xlvii.,    ciii.  ; 
S.  Matt.  V.  1-16,  vi.  9-13 ;  1  S.  John  iv.  7-21. 


Candidates  and  IH  Year. 

Memoiy. — Isaiah  liii. 

Study. — Lives  of  the  Patriai-chs,  and  history  of  Israel 
in  Egypt ;  the  chief  events  in  the  life  of  our  Lord.  #_  *^ 

2nd  Year. 

Memory. — Isaiah  Ixi. 

Study. — The  Exodus  and  journeying  of  the  Israelites, 
and  conquest  of  Canaan  ;  the  miracles  of  our  Lord. 

3rd  Year. 

Memory. — Proverbs  viii.  "TZ  ~°     ^— i^ 

Study. — History    of    Israel    from    the    conquest]  of 

Canaan  to  the  division  of  the  kingdom  ;  the  parables  of 

our  Lord. 

4th  Year. 

Memory. — Acts  ii.  14-30. 

Study. — History  of  Israel  and  Judah  from  the  divi- 
sion of  the  kingdom  to  the  captivity  ;  the  Book  of  the 
Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Note  1. — For  the  purposes  of  this  examinatieu  all 
scholars  shall  be  deemed  to  belong  to  that  standard  in 
which  they  shall  have  been  on  the  31st  of  December 
preceding. 

Note  2. — Pupil  teachers  shall  be  deemed  to  belong  to 
that  year  in  which  they  shall  have  been  on  the  1st  of 
January  preceding. 

Note  3.— It  is  expected  that  the  passages  committed 
to  memory  be  understood. 

Note  4.— In  Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI.,  and  VIL,  the 
same  course  of  study  is  laid  down,  but  a  higher  degree 
of  proficiency  will  be  required  in  the  successive 
standards. 

Note  5. — The  scheme  is  di-awn  up  to  serve  for  three 
year?. 


No.  26. 
PORTSMOUTH  SCHOOL  BOARD,  HANTS. 


SyiL.iBUS  or  Religious  Instbuction. 
I.—  Infants'  Schools. 

Monday  and  Friday — Repetition,  hymns  or  texts. 

Tuesday,  Wednesday,  and  Thursday —  Lessons  on  the 
following  portions  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament : 

Old  Testament.— Genesis  i.-iv.  15 ;  vi.-ix.  19 ;  xi. 
1-9  ;  xxii.  1-19  ;  xxviii.,  xxxvii.,  xlii.-xlv. 

Exodus  ii.-iii.,  xiv. 

1  Samuel  iii.,  xvii. 

Daniel  iii.,  vi. 

New  Testament. — Luke  i.  2.5-11. 

Matthew  ii.,  iii. 

.John  ii.,  vi.  1-13,  xi. 

Matthew  viii. 

Luke  X.  2.5-37,  xv. 

Mark  x.  13-16. 

Matthew  xxvi.  36-56. 

.John  xviii.,  xix.,  xx. 

Acts  i.  9,  11. 

II. — Botjs'  and  Girls'  Selmols. 
Standards  I.  and  II. 

For  memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17 ;  Matthew  v.  1-10. 
For  study. — The  life  of  Abraham  ;  the  outlines  of  the 
life  of  Christ. 


Standards  III.  and  IV. 

For  memory. — Exodus  xx.  1-17;  Matthew  v.  1-20 
and  vi.  24-34. 

For  study. — The  lives  of  Jacob  and  Joseph ;  Si .  Mark's 
Gospel. 


Standards  V.,  VI.,  and  VII. 


For  memorj' 
and  vi. 


1-20 


Exodus   XX.  1-17 ;  Matthew    v. 
The  life  of  Moses  ;  Acts  of  the  Apostles 


For  study.- 
i.  to  xii. 

N.B. — For  the  life  of  Abraham,  the  following  chapters 
are  to  be  read — Genesis  xi.  27  to  xxv.  10,  omitting  xii. 
10-20,  xix.  4-11,  30-38,  and  xx. 

For  the  Lives  of  Jacob  and  Joseph,  the  following 
chapters  are  to  be  read — Genesis  xxv.  19  to  1.,  omit- 
ting xxvi.,  xxix.  to  xxxi.,  xxxiv.  to  xxxvi.,  xxxviii.,  and 
xxxix. 

For  the  Life  of  Moses,  the  following  chapte  s  are  to 
be  read — Exodus  i  to  xx.  and  xxii.,  Numbeis  xii'.,  xiv., 
XX.,  and  Deuteronomy  xvi.,  xxxiv. 

An  examination  will  be  held  annually  in  October, 
subject  to  exemption  for  conscientious  leasons. 


No.  27. 
SOUTHAMPTON  SCHOOL  BOARD,  HANTS. 


Syllabus  of  Religious  Instructiox. 
The  Teachers  are  desired  to  make  the  Lessons  as  practi- 
cal as  possible,  and  not  to  dwell  on  unnecessary 
details. 

Infants. 
To  be  learnt  by  heart. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the 
Ist,  3rd,  5th  Commandments;    St.  Matthew  vi.  9-13; 
Exodus  XX.  3-7-12. 

E    55387.  Y 


Scripture  instmctiou. — Group  1.  Creation;  Fall; 
Flood ;  Life  of  Joseph  ;  David  slaying  Goliath  ;  Call  of 
Samuel ;  Birth  of  Christ ;  Visit  of  Shepherds  and  Wise 
Men ;  Christ's  Death. 


Group  2. — Same   as    Group  1. ; 
Abel ;  Abraham  offering  up  Isaac 
Life  of  Daniel  •  '^^•"-'•° 
two  Parables. 


and    also   Cain   and 

Early  Life  of  Moses ; 

Christ^s  flesurrection :    two    Miracles, 


354 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  I 


Btartdard  I. 

To  be  learnt  by  heart. — The  Lord's  Prayer  aud  the 
Ten  Commandments,  and  one  of  the  following  passages, 
St.  Matthew  v.  1-12  ;  St.  Matthew  xxii.  35-40. 

Scripture  instruction. — Outline  of  the  Book  of  Genesis, 
with  more  exact  knowledge  of  the  Life  of  (a)  Abraham, 
(6)  Jacob,  or  (c)  Joseph. 

Outline  of  St.  Mntthew'a  Gospel,  with  special  know- 
ledge of  the  Birth,  Death,  and  ResuiTeotion  of  Christ, 
and  of  four  Miracles  and  four  Parables. 

Standards  II.  aiid  III. 

To  be  learnt  by  heart. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the 
Ten  Commandmenia  and  St.  Matthew  xxv.  31  to  end ; 
and  one  of  the  following  selections  from  the  Psalms, 
Psalm  xxiii.,  xxxiv.  8-16,  cxix.,  any  portion;  with  one 
of  the  parables  from  the  Gospel  of  St.  Luke. 

Scripture  instruction. — Outline  of  the  Book  of  Exodus, 
•with  an  exact  knowledge  of  the  Life  of  Moses. 


Outline  of  St.  Mark's  aud  St.  Luke's  Gospel,  in 
alternate  yeai'S,  with  special  attention  to  the  Miracles 
and  Parables  recorded  in  them. 

Standards  IV.  mid  V. 

To  be  learnt  by  heart. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the 
Ten  Commandments;  Psalm  li.  or  xcii.;  St.  John  xiv. 
15-31 ;  or  Ephesians  vi.  1-18. 

Scripture  instruction,     (see  below). 

Standards  VI.  and  VTI,  and  ex.-VII. 

To  be  learnt  by  heart. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the 
Ten  Commandments ;  Isaiah  liii. ;  aud  Ephesians  iv: 
25-32  ;  or  1st  Corinthians  xiii. 

Scripture  instruction. — Outline  of  Old  Testament 
History  with  special  knowledge  of  the  history  of  three 
of  the  following  characters:  Joshua,  Samuel,  David, 
Elijah,  Daniel. 

Outline  of  New  Testament  History,  and  each  yeai 
one  of  the  following  portions  of  Holy  Scripture :  the 
Gospel  of  St.  John  ;  Act.s  i.  to  xiii. ;  Acts  xiv.  to  xxviii. 


27a. 
DABTFORD  SCHOOL  BOARD,  KENT. 


Eegulations  op  Religiocs  Insteuchon  xsj)  Syllabus. 

1.  In  schools  provided  by  the  board  the  anthorised 
version  of  the  Bible  shall  be  read,  and  there  shall  be 
given  such  explanations  and  instruction  therefrom  in 
the  principles  of  morality  and  religion  as  are  suited  to 
the  capacities  of  children. 

2.  Religious  observances  and  instruction  shall  take 
place  at  the  opening  and  closing  of  each  meeting  of 
the  schools,  in  the  following  order  : — 

I. — Hymn On  the  opening  of  the  morning  meet- 
ing of  the  school,  the  children  shall  stand  and 
sing  a  hymn  selected  from  a  hymn  book  ap- 
proved by  the  board. 
II. —  Prayer. — After  singing,  the  children  shall 
kneel,  and  the  mistress  also  kneeling  shall 
say  a  prayer  according  to  a  form  approved  by 
the  board,  and  offer  up  a  few  extempore 
petitions,  if  so  disposed  ;  after  which  she  shall 
say  the  Lord's  Prayer,  which  the  children  shall 
repeat  after  her.  At  the  end  of  each  prayer 
the  children  shall  be  taught  to  answer  "  Amen," 
in  an  audible  voice. 
m. — Instruction. — The  Scriptures  shall  be  read, 
questions  asked  on  the  portion  read,  and  the 
general  lessons  derived  fi-om  it  taught,  in  the 
order  that  follows  :  — 

On  Monday  and  Tuesday,  lessons  in  the  Old 

Testament. 
On  Wednesday  and  Thursday,  lessons  in  the 
New  Testament. 


On  Friday,  the  Ten  Commandmentn.  or  the 

Apostles'  Creed,   or    a    form    of    private 

prayer   for  home   use    shall  be  repeated 

from  memory. 

IV. — At  the  close  of  the  morning  meeting  of  the 

school  "  the  Grace  "  shall  be  sung. 
V. — The   afternoon  meeting  of  the  school  shall  be 
opened  with   "  the  Grace  "  being  sung ;  and 
shall  be  closed  with  a  hymn,  prayer,  and  the 
Benediction. 

3.  Such  religious  observances  and  instruction  as  are 
recognised  by  the  foregoing  regulations  shall  be 
practised  by  the  mistress  and  assistant  teachers,  and 
by  the  pupil  teachers  on  the  authoritj'  of  the  mistress, 
who  shall  be  responsible  for  the  same. 

I.  The  time  for  religious  observances  and  instruction 
shall  be  from  9.15  to  9.45  a.m.  and  from  4  to  4.15  p.m. 

5.  The  portion  of  Scripture  selected  for  the  lesson 
shall  be  entered  in  the  log  book. 

6.  Special  care  shall  be  taken  in  all  religious  teaching 
and  religious  observances  that  the  provisions  of  the 
Elementaiy  Education  Act,  1870,  in  sections  7  and  14, 
are  strictly  observed,  both  in  letter  and  spirit,  and  that 
no  attempt  is  made  to  attach  children  to  any  particular 
denomination  or  place  of  worship. 

7.  During  the  time  of  religious  teaching  or  religious 
observance,  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  teaching 
or  observance  shall  receive  separate  instruction  in 
secular  subjects. 


No.  28. 
ERITH  SCHOOL  BOARD,  KENT. 


Syllabus  of  Religious  Iksteuction  foh  Boys  akd 
GiBLs,  1888. 

The  Passages  marked  *  are  for  the  older  children  only. 

New  Testament. 


;}■ 


Luke  vi.  12-17 

Mark  iii.  13-20     -  }■  The  Twelve  Apostles  Chosen. 

Matt.  X.  2-5 

Matt.  V.,*  vi.,  &  vii. — The  Sermon  on  the  Mount. 
Omit  in  oh.  v.  27,  28,  31,  32. 

Matt.  viii.  5-14     -  }  Healing  of  the  Centurion's  ser- 

Luke  vii.  1-11       -  5     vant. 

Luke  Aril.  11-18. — Raising  of  the  son  of  the  widow  of 
Nain. 

Matt.  xi.  20-end.* — Christ  upbfaids  Chorazin,  Beth- 
saida,  and  Capernaum. 

Matt.  xii.  46-end*  I  Jesus  declares  that  his  faithful 

Mark  iii.  31-end   -  >     followers  are   nearer    to  him 

Luke  viii.  19-22    -  J      than  his  earthly  relatives. 

Luke  xii.  1-49."* — Chi-ist's  Charge  to  His  Disciples. 

Luke  xiii.  1-10.* — Christ  teaches  that  accidents  and 
misfortunes  are  not  proofs  of  peculiar  sinfulness  on  the 
part  of  the  sufferers. 


Matt.  xiii.  1-end 
Mark  iv.  1-21 
Luke  viii.  4-19 

Matt.  viii.  18-28  - 
Mark  iv.  35-end  - 
Luke  viii.  22-26  - 
Matt.  ix.  18-27      • 
Mark  v.  22-end     ■ 
Luke  viii.  41-end 


f  The  parables  of  the  sower,  of  the 

I      tares,  of  the  mustard  seed,  of 

-<(      leaven,    of    the    buried    trea- 

-  I      sure,   of  the  pearls.     Revisits 

[_    Nazareth,  and  is  again  rejected. 


Christ  stilling  the  tempest. 

I  Raising  Jairus's  daughter  and 
i-  healing  the  woman  with  an 
J      issue  of  blood. 


Comm.it  to  memory  : — 
Matt.  V.  1-13 
Matt.  xi.  25-end 
Isaiah  55* 


The   order  of  the   books  of  the 
New  Testament 


Old  Testament. 

Exodus  and  Numbers  according  to  Murby's  Hand- 
book. 

The  teaching  to  be  illustrated  by  references  to  Map 
of  Palestine  and  Geographical  Textbook. 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL   REPORT. 


356 


STiLiBus  OF  Rehgious  Ikstkuction  roR  ISI'ASIS' 
Schools,  1888. 

Old  Testament. 

Joseph  iu  the  Pit. — Gen.  ch.  xxxvii.  23  to  28. 
Joseph  in  Prison. — Gen.  ch.  xxxix.  20  to  23. 
First  Visit  of  Joseph's  Brothers.— Gen.  oh.  xlii. 
Second  Visit. — Gen.  ch.  xliii.,  xliv.,  xlv. 
The  Birth  of  Moses.— Ex.  ch.  ii.  1  to  10. 
The  Btiming  Bush. — Ex.  ch.  iii.  2  to  5. 
The  Passage  of  the  Red  Sea. — Ex.  ch.  xiii.  18,  ch.  xiv. 
6  to  31. 

The  Giving  of  the  Manna. — Ex.  ch.  xvi.  4  to  36. 
The  Brazen  Serpent. — Nnm.  ch.  xxi-  8  and  9. 
The  Death  of  Mose.s. — Deut.  ch.  xxxiv.  5  to  8. 
The  Taking  of  Jericho. — Josh.  ch.  vi. 


New  Testament. 

The  Calming  of  the  Storm. — St.  Matt.  ch.  viii.  23  to 
27  ;  also  St.  Mark  ch.  iv.  36  to  41 ;  also  St.  Luke 
ch.  viii.  22  to  25. 

The  Feeding  of  the  Five  Thousand.— St.  Matt, 
ch.  xiv.  13  to  21 ;  also  St.  Mark  ch.  vi.  30  to  44  ;  also 
St,  Luke  ch.  ix.  10  to  17  ;  also  St.  John  ch.  vi.  -5  to  14. 

Christ  Walking  on  the  Sea.— St.  Matt.  ch.  xiv.  22  to 
33;  also  St.  Mark  ch.  vi.  45  to  51 ;  also  St.  John  oh.vi. 
15  to  21. 

The  Healing  of  the  Man  bom  Blind. — St.  John  ch.  ix. 

The  Good  Shepherd.— St.  John  ch.  x.  1  to  18. 

The  Raising  of  Lazarus. — St.  John  oh.  xi.  1  to  46. 

The  Good  Samaritan. — St.  Luke  ch.  x.  25  to  37. 

Christ  Blessing  Little  Children. — St.  Matt.  ch.  xix.  13 
to  15  ;  also  St.  Mark  ch.  x.  13  to  16  ;  also  St.  Luke 
oh.  viii.  15  to  17. 

The  Triumphal  Entry.- St.  Matt.  ch.  xxi.  1  to  11 ; 
also  St.  Mark  ch.  xi.  1  to  11 ;  also  St.  Luke  ch.  xix. 
29  to  40  ;  also  St.  John  ch.  xii.  12  to  16. 


No.  29. 

BARROW-IN-FURNESS  SCHOOL  BOARD,  LANCASHIRE. 

Syllabus  or  Religious  Insteitction. 

Directions  to  Head  Teachers. 


-Infant  Schools. 


B.—Jmiior  Mixed  Schools. 


C— Senior  Schools. 


D.— Mixed  Schools. 


1, — The  Lord's  Prayer,  with 
simple  explanation  of 
its  parts. 

2.— A  few  suitable  hymns  set 
to  easy  tunes. 

3. — The  leading  incidents  in 
the  life  of  Adam, 
Noah,  Joseph,  Moses, 
Samuel,  Daniel,  David, 
and  Our  Lord. 

4. — Three  Miracles  and  three 
Parables. 


1. — The  Ten  Commandments, 
and  "  Duty  towards 
your  Neighbour,"  ivith 
.suitable  explanation 
and  application  to 
daily  life  iu  the  spirit 
of  the  Gospel. 

2. — Easy  Texts  (specially 
suited  to  children's 
daily  life),  and  a 
morning  and  evening 
prayer  for  home  use. 

3. — General  outlines  of  Bible 
History,  from  the  Crea- 
tion to  the  death  of 
Joseph.  (Book-  of 
Genesis.) 

4. — A  somewhat  fuller  ac- 
count of  the  Life  of 
tJesus  Christ,  with  ex- 
planation of  some  of 
the  parables,  e.g..,  the 
Importunate  Widow ; 
the  Good  Samaritan ; 
the  Lost  Sheep;  The 
Lost  Piece  of  Money, 
and  the  Prodigal  Son. 


. — Outlines   of    the  History 
of  the  Old  Testament, 
with  special  knowledge 
of   the    history   of  the 
Israelites. 
. — The    more  striking  Pro- 
phecies relating   to  the 
Messiah       and       their 
fulfilment. 
. — The  Tabernacle,  its  furni- 
ture,  and   the  worship 
eouuected  with  it,  espe- 
!  cially  as  foreshadowing 

the    coming   and  work 
of  Christ. 
4. — One      of     the      Gospels 
j  thoroughly,      and      as 

often    as   possible,    St 
Luke,  or  sometimes  the 
.  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 
5. — Particular     attention     to 
the    Sermon    on     the 
Mount  and  the  teach- 
ing of  the  Parables. 
6.— Proofs   of  the   Ten  Com- 
mandments    by     texts 
1  from    the  New   Testa- 

ment, and  the  petitions 
'  of  the    Lord's   Prayer 

'  exemplified     by    other 

'  passages       of       Holy 

Scripture. 


Under  a  master  or  mistress  it 
would  he  well  to  combine 
the  subjects  given  under  A. 
and  B.,  and  in  such  schools 
where  there  are  many 
advanced  scholars,  lessons 
might  be  taken  occasionally 
from  C. 


It  is  not  intended  to  suggest  by  the  foregoing  that  instiuction  can  be  given  under  all  the  heads  in  the  course  of  one  hftlf-.vc»r  or  year. 
and  selection  are  to  be  thought  of. 


Variety 


Course  of  Religions  Instruction  for  Pupil  Teachers. 


Pint  Year. 


Gjneral  outlines  of  Bible 
History  from  the 
Creation  to  death  of 
Moses.. 
The  Gospels  of  St. 
Matthew  and  St. 
Mark. 


Second  Year. 


Third  Year. 


Fourth  Year. 


Fifth  Yeiir. 


Bible   History    to    the 
death  of  King  David. 


The     Gospel 
Luke. 


of     St. 


Bible    History    to    the 
death  of  Hezekiah. 


The  Gospel  of  St.  John. 


Bible  History  to  the 
end  of  the  Book  of 
Nehemiah. 

The  first  fifteen  chapters 
of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


The  Old  Testament. 
The  types  and  pro- 
phecies of  Christ. 

The  last  fifteen  chapters 
of  the  Acts  of  the 
.\postles. 


.Vnswers  to  questions  on  the  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Commandments  will  be  required  in  each  year. 


356 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION  ; 


No.  30. 
BLACKBURN   SCHOOL  BOARD  LANCASHIRE. 


1.  Regulations  jok  Religious  Instruction. 

2.  ScKinDEE  Lessons,  &c. 

1..  Regulations. 
All  religious  instructiou  to  be  given  in  accordance 
•with  the  resolution  of  the  board,  dated  27th  April  1871, 
as  follows : — 

That  in  the  schools  provided  by  the  board  the 
Authorised  Versioa  of  the  English  Bible  shall  be 
read,  and  such  explanations  and  instructiou  given 
tlierenpon  by  the  teacher  in  the  principles  of 
religion  and  morality  as  are  suitable  to  the  capa- 
cities of  the  childreu  in  attendance :  Provided 
always : — 

1st. That  in  such  explanations  and  instruction 

the    provisions   of  sections  7  and   14   of  the 
Education  Act,  1870,  are  strictly  observed  both 
in  letter  and  spirit,  and  no  attempt  shall  be 
made  by  any  teacher  to  attach  children  to  a 
particular  denomination. 
2nd. — That  in  regard  of  any  particular  school  the 
board  shall  consider  and  determine  upon  any 
application    by   managers,   parents,    or    rate- 
payers of  the  district,  who  may  show  special 
cause   for  exemption  of  the  school   from   the 
operation  of  this  resolution  in  whole  or  in  part. 
All  explanation  and  reading  of  the  Bible,  together 
with  any  other  religious  instruction,  shall  be  given  by 
the  principal  teacher  only  ;  such  exercises  to  be  at  the 
opening    of   the   school   in   the   morning,    and  not  to 
exceed   20  minutes  clear.     During   the   time  of  such 
religious  instruction  and  exercises,  any  childreu  with- 
drawn therefrom  shall  receive  separate  instruction  on 
secular  subjects. 

During  the  reading  of  Scripture  and  lessons  there- 
upon, it  is  expected  that  a  reverential  demeanour  will 
be  observed  throughout  the  school.  The  narratives  of 
the  Bible  to  Ije  taught  in  connexion  with  Christian 
duties,  and  lessons  from  the  life  of  Jesus  specially 
inculcated  as  examples  for  daily  life. 

The  teicher  shall  in  all  cases  carefully  select  from 
the  chapters  appointed,  the  verses  of  Scripture  to  bo 
read  aloud  to  or  by  the  scholars.  The  lessons,  in 
sections,  to  be  taken  three  months  alternately  from  the 
Old  and  New  Testament  courses. 

The  schools  to  be  opened  in  the  morning  and  closed 
in  the  afternoon  with  singing  and  prayer,  according  to 
the  form  of  prayer  and  selected  hymns  provided  by  the 
board. 

Two  hymns  to  be  learned  each  half  year  from  those 
provided  by  the  board.  The  Lord's  Prayer,  the  Al- 
phabet of  Texts,  and  the  Ten  Commandments  to  be 
learned  first  by  all  the  scholars;  and  aftenvards. 
selected  portions  from  the  Old  and  New  Testament 
from  jcar  to  year. 

2.  ScBiPTUBE  Lessons. 


Old  Testament  Lessons. 

Lesson.  Section  I. 

1.  The  Work  of  Creation 

2.  Adam  and  Eve 

S.  The  Temptation  and  Fall  - 

4.  Cain  and  Abel 

5.  Noah  and  his  Times 

6.  The  Ark  and  the  Flood      - 

7.  The  Tower  of  Babel 

8.  The  Trials  of  Job   - 

9.  The  Triumphs  of  Job 

10.  The  Call  of  Abraham 

11.  Abraham  and  Lot  - 

12.  Sodom  and  Gomorrah 

13.  The  Offering  of  Isaac 

14.  Eliezer,  the  Faithful  Servant 

15.  Jacob  and  Esau 

16.  Jacob  at  Bethel      - 

17.  Jacob  and  Esau  reconciled 

18.  Joseph's  Early  Days 

19.  Jose).h  sold  to  the  Midianites 

20.  ,,  in  Prison     - 

21.  ,,  exalted 

22.  ,,  and  his  Brethren    - 

23.  ,,  and  Benjamin 

24.  „  levealed  to  his  Brethren 

25.  Death  of  Jacob 
2C.  Death  of  Joseph 

27.  The  Childhood  of  Moses     - 


Job 

It 
Genesis 


Lesson.  Section  I. — {cont.) 

28.  The  Flight  into  Midian    - 

29.  Moses  in  the  Burning  Bush 


Chapter. 

Genesis  i. 

ii. 

iii. 

iv. 

v.-vi. 

,,     vii.-viii. 

xi.  1-9. 

i.-ii. 

xlii. 

xii. 

,,  xiii. 

,,  xviii. 

,,  xxii. 

,.  xxiv. 

,,  xxvii. 

,,  xxviii. 

,,  xxxii. 

,,  xxxvii. 

,,  xxxvii. 

xl. 

.\li. 

xlii. 

,,  xliii. 

,,     xliv.-xlv. 

,,  xlviii.-xliy. 

1. 

Exodus  ii. 


30.  Aaron  the  Levite 


Chapter. 

Exodus  ii. 

iii. 

IV. 


Section  II. 


,,  v.-vi. 

„  vii.-viii. 
,,  ix.,  X.,  xi. 
,,  xii. 

xiv. 

XV. 

xvi. 

XX. 

,,  xxxii. 

xl. 

Leviticus      xxv 

Num.     xiii.-xiv. 

„  xs. 


Psalm 
Dent. 

Joshua 


-  Judges 


XXI. 

xc. 

xxxii. 

xxxiv. 

i. 

iii. 

vi. 

vii. 

XX. 

xxiv. 

T. 

,,  vi.-vii. 

,,  xvi. 

Ruth  i.-ii. 

1  Samuel  i. 

iii. 

vii. 


vm. 

,,  ix.-x. 

,,  xii. 

xvii. 

xviii.,  xix.,  xx. 

xxiv.-xxvi. 


2  Samuel 


31.  The  Bondage  of  the  Israelites 

32.  The  Plagues  of  Egypt      - 

33.  Pharoah's  Hardness  of  Heart 

34.  The  Passover 

35.  The  Deliverance  at  the  Rod  Sea 

36.  The  Wilderness  Journey 

37.  The  Gift  of  Manna 

38.  The  Giving  of  the  Law  on  Sinai 

39.  The  Worship  of  the  Golden  Calf 

40.  The  Tabernacle    - 

41.  The  Year  of  Jubilee 

42.  The  Sending  of  the  Spies 

43.  The   Murmurings  at   Meribah— 

Death  of  Aaron. 

44.  The  Brazen  Serpent 

45.  The  Prayer  ol'  Moses 

46.  The  Song  of  Moses 

47.  The  Death  of  Moses 

48.  Appoi  ntment  of  Joshua   - 

49.  Crossing  the  .fordau 

50.  The  Taking  of  Jericho     - 

51.  The  Sinof  Achan 

52.  The  Cities  of  Refuge 
63.  The  Charge  of  Joshua 
.54.  The  Song  of  Deborah 

55.  Gideon,  the  Judge 

56.  Samson  and  the  Philistines 

57.  Ruth,  the  Moabite.-s 

58.  Samuel's  Childhood 

59.  Samuel  and  Kli  in  the  Temple     - 

60.  Samuel  .as  a  J  udge 

Section  III. 

61.  The  people  demand  a  King 

62.  Saul  anointed  as  King 

63.  Samuel's  farewell  charge 

64.  David  and  Goliath 

65.  David  and  Jonathan 

66.  David  and  Saul     - 

67.  Death  of  Saul 

68.  Nathan's    parable    of    the    Ewe 

Lamb. 

69.  Absalom's  Rebellion 

70.  The  numbering  of  the  people 

71.  David's  charge  to  Solomon 

72.  David's  last  days  -  .  - 

73.  David  the  Psalmist 

74.  Solomon's  Choice 
76.  The  Building  of  the  Temple 

76.  The  Dedication  of  the  Temple 

77.  The  wisclom  of  Solomon  - 

78.  The  folly  of  Solomon 

79.  The  Proverbs  of  Solomon 

80.  The  Preacher  of  Israel     - 

81.  Rehoboam,  the  Foolish  King 

82.  Jeroboam  and  Israel 

83.  Asa's  good  reign  - 

84.  Johosophat  and  Judah 

85.  Elijah  the  Tishbite 

86.  Elijah  and  the  Priests  of  Baal 

87.  Elijah  in  the  Wilderness 

88.  Ahab  and  Jezebel 

89.  The  Translation  of  Elijah 

90.  Elisha  and  the  Widow's  Son        -        ,, 

Section  IV. 

91.  Naaman  the  Syrian  -  -       ,, 

92.  Gehazi  the  liar       -  -  -       ,, 

93.  Uzziah  and  the  Priesthood  -  2  Ghron. 

94.  The  Assyrian  Captivity     -  -  2  Kings 
96.  Hezekiah's  good  reign      -  -  ,, 

96.  Destruction      of      Sennacherib's  ,, 

Army. 

97.  Isaiah  "the   Prophet  (Isaiah    liii.)         ., 

98.  Manasseh's  Idolatry    and  Repen-  2  Chroi.. 

tance. 

99.  Josiah,  the  Youug  King    -  -  ,, 

100.  Josiah  and  tlio  Book  of  the  Law  ,, 

101.  Josiah  uprooting  idolatry  -  ,, 

102.  .lonah    and    the    Repentance    of      Jonah 

Niueveh. 

103.  The  obedience  of  the  Rechabites  -  Jerem. 


-  1  Chion. 

» , 
Psalms  xix 

-  1  Kings 


1. 
xii. 

xviii. 

xxiv. 

xxviii. 

xxix. 

,  xxxiv. 

iii. 

v.-vi. 

viii. 

X. 

xi. 


Proverbs  i.,  iii.,  x 

-  Ecclesiastes   xii 

-  1  Kings 


-  2  Chron. 

-  1  Kings 


-  2  Kings 


Xll. 

xiii. 
xiv. 

XX. 

x-sni. 

xviii. 

xix. 

xxi. 

ii. 

iv. 


T. 
V. 

xxvi. 

xvii. 

xviii. 

xix. 

XX. 

xxxiii. 

xxxiv. 

xxxiv. 

xx-xv. 

iii.-iv. 


APPENDIXES   TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


35T 


xxxvi. 

XXV. 

xxxvii. 

i. 
ii 


V. 

vi. 


Lesson.  Skctiox  IV. — {eont).  Uhaptei'. 

104.  Jehoiiikim  and  Jereitiiah  the  Prophet. 

Jerem. 

105.  The  Babylouiau  Cajitivity  -  2  Kings 

106.  Ezekiel  the  Prophet  -  -  Ezekiel 

107.  Daniel's  Temperance  and  Early  Days. 

Daniel 

108.  Interpretation      of    the       King's         „ 

Dreams. 

109.  The  Golden  Image  and  the  Fiery 

Furnace. 

110.  Belshazzar's  Feast  -  -        ,, 

111.  The  Deliverance  from  the  Lions'         „ 

Den. 

112.  Daniel's  Prayers 

113.  Esther  and  Mordecai 

114.  Haman's  Pride  and  Fall    - 

115.  Ezra  the  Scribe      - 

116.  Nehcmiah  the  Captive 

117.  Jcru.-alem  Rebuilt 

118.  The  Lau  Restored,  &e.      - 

119.  The  Solemn  Covenant 

120.  ilalachi,  the  Prophet 

Hisiuriccd  Connexion  hetweca  Old  and  New  Testament. 
New  Testament  Lessons. 


„  IX. 

-  Esther         i.-ii. 

„     v.,  vi.,  vii. 

-  Ezra  vii. 

-  Nehemiah  i.-ii. 

vi. 
viii. 

ix- 

-  Malachi  iii. 


Text  Book 


Miinpriss'  Manual  of  Simultaneous 
Instruction. 


Lesson.  Sectiox  I.     "  Steps  of  Jesus  "  Page. 

1.  The  Birth  of  John  foretold.— Luke  i.  1-26       -       " 

2.  The  Birth  of  Jesus  foictold.— Luke  i.  26-56    - 

3.  Birth  and  History  of  John. — Luke  i.  57-80 

4.  The  Messiah  is  Born,  &c. — Luke  ii.  1-38 
6.  AViie   Men  from  the  East  Worship  Jesns. — 

Matt.  ii.  1-23  ----- 

6.  Jesus'  Private  History. — Luke  ii.  40-62 

7.  John  begins  to  preach,  <tc. — Luke  iii.  1-20 

8.  Jesus  is  baptized. — Mark  i.  1 -II 

9.  Jesus  tempted  by  Satan.^Matt.  iv.  1-11 

10.  John's  Testimony  to  Jesus. — John  i.  19-51 

11.  Jesus  changes  Water  into  Wine. — Jobnii.  1-12 

12.  Jesus  cleanses  the  Temple.     Miincles.     Inter- 

view with  Niiodemus. — John  iii.  1-21. 

13.  The  Woman  of  Samaria. — John  iv.  1-42 

14.  The  Nobleman's  Son  healed.— John  iv.  43-54 

15.  Jesus  is  rejected  of  his  Townsmen. — Luke  iv. 

14-30. 

16.  Jesus  makes  choice  of  Capernaum.     He  calls 

four  Disciples.— Matt.  iv.  12  -22 

17.  A  Sabbath  in  Capernaum.— Luke  iv.  31-41 

18.  Jesus'  First  General  Circuit. — Mark  i.  35-45  - 

19.  The  Sermon  on  the  Mount. — Matt.  v.  - 

20.  ,.  „  -and  part— Matt, 
vi.  vii.               .            .  -  .  . 

21.  Miiaculous  Draught  of  Fishes. — Luke  v.  1-12 

22.  Jesus  heals  a  Man  sick  of  the  Palsy,  and  calls 

Matthew.— Luke  v.  17-39       - 

23.  Je,-cs  heals  a  Lame  Man. — John  v. 

24.  The  Disciples  pluck  Corn.— Matt.  xii.  18 

25.  The    Withered     Hand    restored. — Matt.    xii. 

9-14 

Jesus'  First  Partial  Circuit. — Matt.  xii.  15  21 
Je-iUB  chooses   Twelve    Apostles. — Mark    iii. 

13-19 

The   Centurion's   Servant  healed  — Luke   vii. 

1-10 

29.  The  Widow's  Son  restore!.— Luke  vii.  11-23- 

30.  A  woman  washes  Jesus'  Feet. — ^Luke  ■vii.  36-50 

31.  A  Demoniac  healed- Matt.  xii.  22-50 

32.  Jesus  teaches  by  ('arables. — Matt.  xiii.  1-23   - 

Section  II. 

33.  Jesus  interprets  Parables. — Matt.  xiii.  24-53 

34.  Jesus  calms  a  Storm. — Mark  iv.  35-41 

35.  Jesus  casts  Devils  out. — Mark  v.  1-21 

36.  Jairus'  Daughter  restored. —  Mark  v.  22-43     - 

37.  Jesus  revisits  Nazareth.  —Mark  vi.  1-6 

38.  The  twelve  Apostles  sent  out. — Mark  vi.  7-13 

39.  John  the  Baptist  beheaded. — Mark  vi.  14^29  - 

40.  Jesus  feeds  5,000  men,  &c.— Mark  vi.  30-44   - 

41.  Jesus  walks  on  the  se  i. — Mark  vi.  45-52 

42.  Jesus  the  Bread  of  Life. — John  viii.  25-71 

43.  Of  Uuwashen  Hands.— Mark  vii.  1-23 

44.  The  Syrophoenician  Woman. — Mark  vii.  24-30 

45.  Jesus  feeds  4,000  men,  &c. — Mark  viii.  1-9     - 

46.  The  Pharisees  ask  a  sign. — Mark  viii.  10-21   - 

47.  Jesus   foretells    his    death,    &c.— Matt.   xvi. 

13-28    .-...- 

48.  Jesus  appears  in  Glory. — Matt.  xvii.  1-21 

49.  Jesus  pays  tribute. — Matt.  xvii.  22-27 


26. 
27. 

28. 


1 
3 

G 

7 

13 
15 
16 
19 
20 
21 
24 

25 
27 
31 
32 


34 
36 
37 
38 

41 
46 

48 
51 
55 

66 
57 

58 

61 
63 

66 
68 
71 


74 

78 

80 

82 

87 

88 

91 

93 

96 

99 

103 

105 

107 

108 

111 
113 
117 


Lesson.      Sectiox  II. — (contl.     "  Stejjs  of  Jesus 

50.  Humility  and  forgiveness. — Matt,  xviii. 

51.  The  Feast  of  Tabernacles. — John  vii.  - 
The  Light  of  the  World.-  -John  viii. 
Jesus  heals  a  Man  born  Blind. — John  ix. 
The  Feast  of  Dedication. — John  x. 
Jesus  restores  Lazarus  to  Life.. — ^John  xi. 
Messengers  sent  into  Samaria. — Luke  ix.  51- 

57.  Seventy  Disciples  sent  out. — Luke  x.  1-37 

58.  Mary  and  Martha.     One  thing  needful. — Lu 
X.  38-42  -  -  -  - 

A  dumb  Devil  cast  out. — Luke  xi.  14-54 
Discourses  on  Various  Topics. — Luke  xii.  1- 
All  warned  to  Repent,  &c. — Luke  xiii.  1-17 
Of  Humility.     Parable  of  the  Great  Supper. 

Luke  xiv.  1-24  -  -  - 

Parables  of  the  Lost  Sheep.     Lost  Piece 

Silver. — Prodigal  Son. — Luke  xv. 
The  Rich  Man  and  Lazarus. — Luke  xvi. 
The  Ten  Lepers. — Luke  xvii.  1-19 
The  Kingdom  of  God.— Luke  xvii.  20-37 


52. 
53. 
54. 
55. 
56. 


59. 
60. 
61. 
62. 

63. 

64. 

65 
66. 


'  Pago 

-  120 

-  123 

-  126 

-  130 

-  135 

-  137 
62  141 

-  142 
ke 

142 
147 
160 
155 


31 


-  158 
of 

-  161 

-  164 

-  166 

-  168 


Section  III. 


67. 


68. 

69. 

70. 
71. 
72. 
73. 
74. 
75. 
76. 
77. 

78. 
79. 

80. 
81. 
82. 
83. 

84. 

85. 
86. 
87. 
88. 
89. 

90. 
91. 
93. 
93. 
94. 
9o. 
96. 
97. 
98. 
99. 
100. 


The    Unrighteous    Judge    and    Importunate 
Widow.— The  Pharisee  and  Publican. — Luke 
xviii.  1-14         -----  170 
Jesus   blesses   Little   Children. — Luke    xviii. 

15-17 171 

The  Rich  Young  Ruler.— Luke  xviii.  18-30  -  173 
Labourers  Hired. — ^Matt.  xx.  1-16         -  -  175 

Jesus  predicts  his  Death. — Matt.  xx.  17-28  -  177 
Jesus  heals  Two  Blind  Men. — Matt.  xx.  29-34  179 
Jesus  visits  Zaccheus. — Luke  xix.  1-27  -  18u 

Mary  Anoints  Jesus. — Mark  xiv.  1-9  -  -  18'i 

Jesns'  Triumphal  Entry.— John  xii.  12-36  -  186 
Jesus  Cleanses  the  Temple.— Mark  xi.  12-19  -  189 
Vineyard    let   to    Husbandmen. — Matt.    xxi. 

23-41    - 191 

The  Marriage  Feast.— Matt.  xxii.  1-22  -  195 

The   Sadducees    and  Pharisees. — Matt.    xxii. 
23-46    -  -  -  -  -  -  197 

The  Widow's  Offering.— John  xii.  37-50  -  20.i 

Woes  on  the  Pharisees. — Matt,  xxiii.  -  -  2o2 

Destruction  of  the  Temple. — Matt.  xxiv.  1-24    206 
Parables  of  the  Servants. — Ten  Virgins. — The 

Talents.— Matt.  xxv.  1-30       -  -  -  212 

The   Jtidgment  of  the  Nations. — Matt.   xxv. 
31-46    -  -  -  -  -  -  215 

The  Passover.— John  xv.  1-30  -  -  -  217 

Jesus  forewarns  Peter. — John  xiii.  31-38  -  222 
Jesus'  Last  Discourse. — John  xiv.         -  -  226 

Jesus  the  true  Vino. — John  xv.  -  -  227 

Christ  comforteth  His  Disciples  by  the  Pro- 
mise of  the  Holy  Spirit. — John  xvi.  -  -  230 
Christ  Prayeth  for  his  Disciples. — John  xvii.  232 
Jesus'  Agony.— Matt.  xxvi.  36-56  -  -  236 
Peter  denies  Christ. — Matt.  xxvi.  57-76  -  iL-i'.i 
Jesus  before  Pilate. — Matt,  xxvii.  1-14  -  24r> 
Jesus  is  Scourged. — Matt,  xxvii.  15-26  -  25u 
Jesus  is  Crucified. — Matt,  xxvii.  27-.50  -  254 
Taken  down  from  the  Cross.— 51-66  -  -  261 
Rises  from  t^e  Utad. — Matt,  xxviii.  1-16  -  266 
Appears  to  Two  Disciples. — Luke  xxiv.  13-32  27u 
Appears  to  the  Brethren. — John  xxi.  -  -  274 
Ascends  into  Heaven. — Luke  xxiv.  33-53        -  277  . 


The  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Lesson.                        Section   IV.  Chapter. 

1.  The  Disciples  at  Jeiusaleiu           -  i. 

2.  ,,     Da}' of  Pentecost         -            -  ii. 
First  Miracle               -            -  iii. 
Preaching  of  Peter  and  John  iv.  1-31. 
Early  Christian  Church          -  iv.  32 — vi.  1-16. 
Imprisonment    and    Deliver- 
ance of  the  Apostles          -  V.  17-42. 

Appointment  of  Stephen,  &c.  -  vi. 

First  Christian  Martyr           -  vii. 

First  Missionary         -            -  viii. 

Conversion  of  Saul     -             -  ix.  1-31. 

.^neas  and  Dorcas     -            -  ix.  32-43. 

Centurion  Cornelius  -             -  x. 

Church  at  Anlioch  and  Bar- 
nabas         .             -             -  xi. 

Deliverance    of    Peter  from 

Prison         .             .             -  xii. 

Mission  of  Paul  and  Buruauas 

to  Cyprus               -            -  xiii.  1-12. 

Gospel     preached      to      the 

Gentiles     -             -             -  ,,     13-52. 

17.  Paul  and  Barnabas  at  Lynconia    -  xiv. 

18.  The  Council  at  Jerusalem             -  xv.  1-35. 

19.  Lydia.    The  Jailor  at  Phillipi      •  xv.  35  ;  xvi. 


3. 
4. 
5. 


7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 

14. 

15. 
16. 


Yy3 


358 


KLEMENTAEY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  ; 


Less 

on. 

Section  IV. — (eont). 

Chapter. 

20. 

Paul  at  Athens 

xvii. 

21. 

It 

Corinth.       .             .             - 

xviii. 

22. 

1 1 

Ephesus     ... 

six. 

23. 

Troas  and  Miletus 

XX. 

24. 

Jerusalem           .   - 

sxi. 

25. 

)) 

„           Address  to  the 

Multitude 

sxii. 

26. 

ty 

Jerusalem  and  Cesarea    - 

xxiii. 

27. 

before  Felix          -            - 

xxiv. 

28. 

n 

,,      FestuB 

XXV. 

29. 

i  ) 

„      Agrippa    - 

xxvi. 

30. 

11 

Voyage  and  Shipwreck    - 

xxvii. 

31. 

») 

at      Melita — Journey     to 

Rome    - 

xxviii.  1-16. 

32. 

»> 

at  Kome    - 

„       17-31 

Portions  of  Holy  Soripture  from  which,  the  verses  to  he 
committed  to  inemory  shall  be  selected. 


The  Lord's  Prayer. 
The  Alphabet  of  Texts. 
The  Ten  Commandments. 


Old  Testament. 
The  Lord  is  ray  Shepherd 
God  be  merciful  unto  us 
Make  a  joyfal  noise  unto  the  Lord 
The  Heavens  declare  the  Glory  of  God 
Bless  the  Lord,  0  my  soul 
I  will  I)les8  the  Lord  at  all  times 
Fret  not  thyself  because  of  evil  doers  - 
Out  of  the  depths  have  I  cried  unto  the 
Lord    .  -  -  .  - 

I  will  extol  Thee  my  God,  O  King 
Have  mercy  upon  me,  0  God    - 
The  Proverbs  of  Solomon 


Psalm 


New  Testament. 
The  Beatitudes 
The  Sermon  on  the  Mount 
The  Song  of  Mary 
Faith  in  God 
The  Triumphs  of  Faith  - 
The  Living  Faith 
Chi'istian  Love  (revised  version) 
Obedience  and  Christian  Warfare 
Practical  Duties 
The  Promised  Comforter 
The  True  Vine  - 


-  Prov. 


xxni, 

Ixvii. 

c. 

xix. 

ciii. 

xxxiv. 

xxxvii. 

oxxx. 

oxlv. 

li. 

xii.;  XV. 


-  Matt.     V.  1-12. 

-  „      vii.  7-14. 

-  Luke    i.  46-55. 

-  Heb.      xi.  1-3. 

-  „       xi.  32-40. 

-  James  ii.  14-18. 

-  1  Cor.  xiii. 

-  Ephesians     vi. 

-  Romans        xii. 

-  John  xiv. 

-  John  XV. 


No.  31. 
BOLTON  SCHOOL  BOARD,  LANCASHIRE. 


Scheme  or  Sohiptdkal  Insteuciion. 

Infant  Department. 

The  infant  department  shall  be  taught  by  the  head 
teacher  and  senior  assistants.  The  teaching  shall  be 
illustrated  as  far  as  possible  by  the  pictures  provided  by 
the  board. 

Under  Five  Years. 

Old  Testament. — The  Creation  ;  the  Flood  ;  Noah 
and  the  Ark ;  Abraham  ;  Isaac. 

New  Testament. — The  Birth  and  Childhood  of 
Christ. 

Memory. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Fifth  Command- 
ment.    Texts :   Ex.   XX.    12 ;  Eph.    vi.  1 ;  Ps.   ciii.  13 ; 
Prov.  XV.  3;  John  iii.  16;  Matt.  xix.  14;  John  iv.  24; 
1  Tim.  i.  15. 
.    Hymns. — 4,  24,  35.    Moral  Songs. — 9,  19. 

Under  Skb  Years. 

Old  Testament. — Jacob  ;  Joseph  and  his  Bretliren  ; 
Moses  ;  Joshua ;  Samuel. 

New  Testament. — The  Miracles  of  Christ. 

Memory. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Fourth  and  Fifth 
Commandments.  Texts :  Matt.  vi.  6 ;  1  John  i.  9 ; 
Prov.  viii.  17 ;  John  xiv.  6 ;  Matt.  vii.  21 ;  Luke  ix.  58 ; 
Eccl.  xii.  1. 

Hymns.— 6.  40,  55.    Moral  Songs.— 5,  21. 

Under  Seven  Years. 

Old  Testament. — Saul ;  David  ;  Solomon ;  Elijah  ; 
Elisha;  Daniel. 

New  Testament. — The  Sayings,  Death,  and  Resur- 
rection of  Christ. 

Memory. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Command- 
ments. Texts:  Ps.  li.  10;  Ps.  xxxiv.  14;  Prov.  xv.  1; 
Prov.  xvi.  16;  Ps.  cxix.  18;  Luke  xii.  32;  Gal.  vi.  2  ; 
Rom.  xii.  11  ;  Prov.  iv.  14-15. 

Hymns.— 67,  64,  117.     Morals  Songs.- 24,  31,  32. 

The  above  course  is  required  from  candidates  and 
pupil  teachers  in  the  first  year. 

Standards  I.  and  II. 

1888  and  every  third  year. 

New  Testament. — Outline  of  the  Life  of  Christ  in 
St.  Matthew's  Gospel. 

Old  Testament. — Lives  of  Abraham  ;  Isaac  ;  Jacob. 
Texts  and  passages  of  Holy  Scripture.  Texts :  Prov.  i. 
10,  and  vi.  6-8;  John  i.  29;  Matt.  vii.  12.  Psalms 
or  Passages:  Matt.  v.  1-12;  Luke  x.  25-37;  Ps;  i., 
viii.,  XV.,  xxiii. 

1889  an^  every  third  year. 

New  Testament. — Outline  of  the  Life  of  Christ  in 
St.  Luke's  Gospel. 


Old  Testament. — Lives  of  Joseph  ;  Moses ;  Joshua  ; 
Eli.  Texts  and  passages  of  Holy  Scripture:  Prov.  xii. 
19-22  and  xix.  6;  John  iii.  16;  Matt.  vii.  13-14. 
Psalms  or  passages :  Matt,  xviii,  23-35  ;  Luke  xviii.  9-14. 
Ps.  xxiv.,  xlvi.,  xci. 

1890  and  every  third  year. 

New  Testament.— St.  Mark's  Gospel. 

Old  Testament. — Lives  of  Samuel ;  Sau] ;  David  ; 
Solomon.  Prov.  xxi.  23-29  ;  John  xiii.  34-35 ;  Matt.xi. 
28-30,  xix.  13-14.  Psalms  or  passages :  Matt.  xxii.  1-14 ; 
Ps.  cxxi.,  cxxxiii.,  cxxxix.  1-12,  23-24. 

Also  for  pupil  teachers  in  their  second  year.' 

Standa/rds  III.  aud  IV. 

1888  and  every  third  year. 

New  Testament. — St.  Matthew's  Gospel. 

Old  Testament. — Abraham  ;  Isaac  ;  Jacob ;  Balaam ; 
Samson.  Same  as  I.  and  II.  with  addition  of  texts : 
Prov.  iii.  13-18;  Is.  v.  11-22;  Matt.  xii.  36.]  Psalms  or 
passages ;  Prov.  iii.  1-12 ;  Ps.  six. 

1889  and  every  third  year. 
New  Testament. — St.  Luke's  Gospel. 

Old  Testament.  — Joseph;  Moses;  Joshua;  Samuel; 
Eli.  Same  as  I.  and  II.  with  addition  of  texts  :  Prov. 
X.  1;  Is.  Iv.  6-7;  James  iii.  16.  Psalms  or  passages: 
1  Cor.  xiii.;  Ps.  xxvii. 

1890  and  every  third  year. 
New  Testament. — St,  Mark's  Gospel. 

Old  Testament.— Saul ;  David ;  Solomon  ;  Deborah  ; 
Barak ;  Jephtha.  Same  as  I.  and  II.  with  addition  of 
texts:  Prov.  xiii.  4;  Is.  liii.  4-6  ;  1  Peter  iii.  10;  Psalms 
or  passages  :  Luke  xv. ;  Ps.  xx. 

Also  for  pupil  teachers  in  their  third  year. 

Standards  V.,  VI.,  and  VII. 

1888  and  every  third  year. 

New  Testament.— St.  Mark's  Gospel  and  Acts  i.-xiv. 

Old  Testament.— Outlines  of  Old  Testament -Hii^tcry 
as  III.  and  IV.,  and  Lives  of  Balaam;  Deborah; 
Barak;  Gideon;  Jephtha;  Samson.  Same  as  I.  to  IV., 
with  addition  of  texts  :  Piov.  xvi.  32 ;  xxi.  23 ;  Hab.  ii. 
15  ;  Ps.  Ixii. ;  Ixiii.  ;  cxlvii. 

1889  and  every  third  year. 

New  Testament. — St.  John's  Gospel  and  Acts  xv.  to 
end. 

Old  Testament. — Outlines  of  Old  Testament  History 
as  I.  and  II.,  and  Lives  of  Rheoboam;  Jeroboam; 
Jehoshaphat ;  Ahab.  Same  as  I.  to  IV.,  with  addition 
of  texts  :  Prov.  xix.  24,  xxii.  1 ;  1  Cor.  xv.  33 ;  Ps.  Ixxxiv., 
Ixxsv. 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


85d 


1890  andevery  third  year. 

New  Testament. — St.  Luke's  Gospel  and  Missionary 
Journeys  of  St.  Paul. 

Old  Testament. — Outlines  of  Old  Testament  History 
as  II.  and  III.,  and  Lives  of  Jehu  ;  Hezekiah ;   Ezra  ; 
Nehemiali.     Same  as  I.  to  IV.,  with  addition  of  texts  : 
Prov.  XX.  4;  Ecc.  v.  11;  Zech.  ix.  9;  Ps.  ciii.,  oxlv. 
Also  for  pupil  teachers  in  their  fourth  year. 


N.B. — The  board  would  most  eaniestly  impress  upon 
their  teachers  the  necessity  of  giving  religious  instruc- 
tion in  a  thoroughly  serious  and  reverent  spirit,  and 
with  undivided  attention. 

Pupil  teachers  will  be  examined  in  the  course  pre- 
scribed for  the  various  standards,  but  will  be  expected 
to  show  a  more  extensive,  exact,  and  intelligent 
ncqunintance  with  the  subjects. 


No,  32. 


LIVERPOOL  SCHOOL  BOARD,  LANCASHIRE. 


1.  Regulations  fob  RELiGiotJS  iKSTBncTiON. 

Prayers  and  hymns  shall  be  used,  and  the  Bible  read 
daily,*  and  there  shall  bo  given  from  the  latter,  by  the 
responsible  teacher  or  teachers  (other  than  pupil 
teachers)  of  the  school,  such  explanations  and  instruc- 
tion in  the  principles  of  religion  and  morality  as  are 
suited  to  the  capacities  of  the  children. 

Provided  always, — 

(a.)  That  in  the  selection  of  the  prayers  and 
hymns  (which  shall  be  made  from  Ijooks 
approved  by  the  board),  and  in  ex- 
planations and  instruction  from  the  Biljle 
(which  shall  bo  in  accordance  with  the 
syllabus  issued  by  the  board)  the  provisions 
of  the  Elementary  Education  Act,  1870, 
especially  in  Sections  7  and  14,  shall  be 
strictly  observed,  both  in  letter  and  spirit, 
viz.,  that  no  attempt  be  made  to  attach 
children  to,  or  to  detach  them  from,  any 
particular  denomination. 

(b.)  That  the  authorised  version  of  the  Bible  Ije 
used ;  ))ut  that  when  the  Roman  Catholic 
children  in  the  school  are  sufficiently 
numerous  to  form  a  class,  they  shall  receive 
instruction  from  the  Donai  version  of  the 
Bible. 

(c.)  That,  in  regard  to  any  particular  school,  the 
board  shall  consider  and  determine  upon 
any  application  by  managers  who  may  show 
special  cause  for  the  exemption  of  the  school 
from  the  operation  of  this  regulation  in 
whole  or  in  part. 

During  the  time  of  religious  teaching  or  observances, 
any  children  whose  parents  object,  under  the  Conscience 
Clause  (Elementary  Education  Act,  1870,  section  ^,) 
to  their  attending  such  teaching  or  observances  may 
be  withheld  from  the  school : — 

(a.)  If  the  object  of  withholding  them  be  that  they 
may  receive  religious  instruction  at  the  same 
time  in  some  other  place ;  or 

(b.)  If  the  school  be  so  aiTanged  that  they  cannot 
receive  secular  instruction  in  a  separate  room, 
or 

(o.)  If  the  religious  insti-uction  or  observances  im- 
mediately precede  the  closing  of  the  school. 

All  children  who  attend  a  school  during  the  time  at 
which  religious  teaching  or  observances  takes  place, 
and  are  withdrawn  from  such  teaching  or  observances, 
shall  receive  during  that  time  secular  instruction  in  a 
separate  room. 


•  The  following  are  the  instructions  on  this  subject  contained  in  the 
book  of  prayers,  prepared  by  the  lK>ard,  for  use  respectively  in  (o.) 
infants  and  first  standard  departments,  and  (6.)  other  departments, 
viz, : — 
(a.)  '*  Every  momiiiK,  at  the  opening  of  the  school,  a  hymn  shall  Ik- 
sung;   then  shall  follow  the  prayer   appointed  for  the  day; 
concluding  with  the  LokI's  Prayer.     After  which,  religious 
instruction  shall  be  given  in  accordance  with  the  *  Course  of 
Lessons,'  [as  subsequently  amended]  adopted  by  the  board 
on  the  2i)th  November  1875. 
"  At  the  closing  of  the  school  in  the  afteruooii,  a  hymn  shall  be 
sung ;  after  which  sliall  follow  the  prayer  appointed ;  concluding 
with  the  Lord's  Prayer." 
(6.)  "Every  morning,  at  the  o|>ening  of  the  school,  a  hymn  siiall  be 
sung ;  then  a  prayer  (from  the  collection  of  oucajiional  pra,vei*s 
at  the  end)  and  the  prayer  appointed  for  the  day ;  concluding 
with  the  Lord's  Prayer.     After  which  a  portion  of  tlie  Iloly 
Scriptui-es  shall  bo  read,  and  may  be  expounded  according  to 
the  rules  adopted  by  the  board. 
".\tthe  closing  of  the  school  in  the  afternoon,  a  hymn  shall  be 
sung ;  after  which  shall  follow  the  prayer  appointed,  concluding 
with  the  Benediction." 

"*,*  The  occasional  prayers  should  be  so  varied  that  in  time  the 
children  will  become  familiar  with  them  all." 


While  any  religious  observance  or  instruction  is 
going  on  in  a  board  school,  none  of  the  scholars  or 
teachers  shall  be  employed  in  any  other  manner  in  the 
same  room. 

In  every  school  the  period  for  religious  observances 
and  Bible  instruction  in  the  morning  must  terminate 
before  9.45. 

An  official  examination  of  the  scholars  in  each  school, 
in  secular  and  religious  subjects,  the  examination  in 
the  latter  to  be  subject  to  the  same  conditions  and 
restrictions  as  apply  to  religious  instruction,  and  to  be 
conducted  within  the  time  set  apart  for  such  religious 
instruction,  shall  be  held  by  the  board's  inspectors  as 
soon  as  possible  after  the  expiration  of  eight  months 
of  the  school  year.*  • 

At  least  four  days  before  the  date  fixed  for  any  such 
examination,  notice  of  it  shall  be  sent  to  the  managers 
by  the  board  ;  and  a  copy  of  the  inspector's  report  shall 
be  forwarded  to  them  as  soon  as  practicable  after  the 
examination  has  been  held. 

2.  Syllabus. 

Beligious  Instniction  for  Jimiora'  and  Seniors'  Schools. 

Three  Years'  Cou/rse  for  Scliolars. 
Note. — In  Juniors'  Schools  the  portions  of  the  course 
for  the  first  year  and  the  second  year  should  be  studied 
alternately. 

First  Year. 

Old  Testament. — Book  of  Genesis  and   the  Book  of 
Exodus,  chapters  i.  to  xii. 
New  Testament.— St.  Luke  i.  to  xi. 

Second  Tear. 

Old  Testament. — Book  of  Exodus  xiii.  to  end; 
Joshua  ;  Judges ;  1  and  2  Samuel ;  and  1  Kings  i.  to 
xii. 

New  Testament. — St.  Luke  xii.  to  end;  Acts  i.  to 
viii. 

Third  Year. 

Old  Testament.— 1   and    2    Kings;    Daniel;    Ezra; 
Nehemiah  ;   and  Esther ;  &o. 
New  Testament. — ^Aots  ix.  to  end. 

Texts  to  be  committed  to  memory. 
I. — Juniors  (Standards  I.  and  II.)  are  to  be  able  to 
repeat  each  year,  with  intelligence,  30  verses  as  follows, 
viz.  : — 

First  Year. 
Psalm  xxxiv.   11-16 ;  Proverbs  i.   8-10 ;    iv.   14 ;    xv 
1,3,9;    Matthew  v.  3-11;  vi.   24;    xi.  28;  John  xv. 
1,  2 ;  Rom.  viii.  28  ;  Phil.  ii.  3  ;   1  Peter  ii.  17,  18. 

Second  Year. 

Psalm  cxxi. ;  Prov.  vi.  6-11;  xii.  22-24;  xvi.  9; 
xxvii.  1 ;  Matt,  xviii.  19 ;  John  v.  39  ;  Eccles.  xii.  18 ; 
Rom.  V.  8  ;  1  Cor.  xiii.  4-8 ;  1  Thess.  iv.  11,  12 ;  1  John 
iii.  7,  8. 

Third  Yeat 

Psalm  xxiii.;  Prov.  iii.  5,  6;  xvii.  5  ;  Eccles.  ix.  10; 
Matt.  vi.  6-8;  vii.  21;  John  iii.  16,17;  Rom.  vi.  23; 
Ephes.  vi.  1-7 ;  1  Peter  ii.  17 ;  James  i.  12-16 ;  Rom. 
xxi.  4. 


•  One  of  the  principal  objects  of  these  oiaminations  by  the  board's 
inspectors  is  that  any  weak  points  in  the  instruction  of  the  school  mav 
he  ascertained  and  remedied  before  the  Government  inspection. 

4 


360 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION 


II. — Seniors  (Standaa-ds  III.  to  VI.)  are  to  be  able  to 
repeat  each  year,  with  intelligence,  in  addition  to  the 
Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Commandments,  30  verses,  as 
follows,  viz.  : — 

First  Year. 

Psalm  i. ;  Prov.  xi.  1;  xxii.  1  ;  Bzekiel  xviii.  21-27 ; 
Luke  X.  2.5-28 ;  John  iv.  24  ;  vii.  17  ;  Pnil.  ii.  .3  ;  1  Peter 
iii.  8-13  ;  James  iii.  16-17. 

Second  Year. 
Psalm  xxxii. ;  Prov.  xvi.  9 ;  Micah  vi.  8 ;  Matthew  v. 


43-45;  vii.  7-14; 
Peter  i.  -5-7. 


Phil.   iv.   8;    1  Thesa.  iv.  11-12;  2 


Third  Year. 

Psalm  XV. ;  Prov.  x.  12 ;  xiv.  29 ;  Eoclcs.  ix.  10 
Lament,  iii.  25-27 ;  Isaiah  xliii.  26 ;  Matthew  vii.  21 
xxvi.  41  ;  John  vi.  27 ;  Bphes.  vi.  1-7  ;  Colos.  iii.  12-13 
1  Thess.  V.  14;  James  i.  12-15;  Rev.  xxi.  4. 

Beligioue  Instritciion  for  Infants. 

I. — Course   for  the  first  six   months   of   the   school 
year. 

1.  For  the  elder  clas.'ses: — 

(a.)  The  first  part  of  the  instruction  in  "Bible 
Epochs  and  Lessons,"  ending  with  the  death 
of  Samuel.  Pictures  should  be  used  with 
these  lessons,  and  the  word  "epoch"  ex- 
plained, 
(6.)  The  Lord's  Prayer,  with  or  without  one  of 
the  sclfool  prayers,  and  simple  texts  and 
hymns  should  be  known  by  heart. 

(Hymns*  12,  19,  40,  46,  48,  .53,  61,  62,  63, 
70.  71,  74,  76,  78,  85,  96,  99,  128,  142, 
145,  162,  163,  170,  173,  179.) 

2.  For  the  lowest  school  section  :— 

(a.)  Easy   conversation    lessons   and    very    simple 
hymns  on — 

(1.)  God  as  the  maker  of  all  natural 
things,  the  snn,  moon,  plants, 
animals,  &c. 
(2.)  The  difference  between  God's  making 
(creating)  and  man's  making,  show- 
ing man's  need  of  tools  and  materials 
for  his  work. 

•  Huddersfield  School  BoanI  Hyinti  Book. 


(3.)  God  as  our  Father  in  heaven  loving, 

all-powerful,    and    all    knowing. — 

(Hymn*  46.) 

(4.)  Prayer  to  so  kind  and  great  a  Father, 

a  privilege  never  to  be  missed. 

(6.)  Repetition  of  some  short  prayer,  hymn,  or  text 

by  heart. 
(c.)  Easy  conversation  lessons  about  some  of  the 
Scriptm-e  prints  illustrating  incidents  in  the 
life  of  Christ — e.g..  His  birth  and  childhood, 
His  constant  labour  of  doing  good,  His  love 
of  little  children,  &o. 
n.  Course  for  the  second  six  months  of  the  school 
year. 

1.  For  the  elder  children : — 

(a.)  The  second  part  of  the  "  Bible  Epochs  and 
Lessons,"  in  addition  to  very  simple  lessons 
on  our  Lord's  parables  of  the  Sower,  the  Good 
Samaritan,  the  Unmerciful  Servant,  and  the 
Prodigal  Son. 

(6.)  The  Lord's  Prayer,  with  or  without  one  of  the 
school  prayers.  Some  simple  hymns  and 
texts  should  be  known  by  heart,  and  such 
explanation  given  of  the  meaning  as  is 
suitable  to  the  age  of  the  children. 

2.  For  the  lowest  school  section  : — 

(a.)  Easy  conversation  lessons,  and,  if  possible, 
hymns  on — 

(1.)  The    loving,    Lruthful,  and  prayerful 

character   that  God  desires   in  His 

children.— (Hymn*  76.) 
(2.)  The   displeasure    God  has   in   seeing 

jealousy,    quarrelling,    deceit,   and 

forgetfulness  of  Him. 
(3.)  The  took  that  teaches  us  about  God — 

the  Bible.— (Hymn*  170.) 
(4.)  God  sending   Jesus   to  teach  us   the 

way  to  Heaven.  —(Hymns*  70   and 

74.) 

(b.)  Repetition  of  some  short  praper,  hymn,  or  text 

by  heart, 
(c.)  Easy  conversation  lessons  on  the  parables  of 

the  Good  Samaiitan,  the  Prodigal  Son,  and 

the  Pharisee  and  the  Publican ;  pictures  to 

be  used  in  the  description. 
{(I.)  The  life  of  Joseph  should  be  sketched  by  simple 

description  of  pictures  referring  to  it. 


No.  33. 

MANCHESTER  SCHOOL  BOARD,  LANCASHIRE. 

Syllabus  of  Religious  Issthuctios. 

Schedule  I. — Plan  of  Religious  Insttuction  for  the  Pupil  Teachers  in  the  Manchester  Board  Schools. 


1884  and  1888. 


1885  and  1889. 


1830  bnd  1890. 


1887  and  1891. 


Old  Testament  History  from 
the  Creation  to  the  death  of 
Moses,  with  the  Types  and 
Prophecies  of  Christ  iu  the 
Books  of  Moses. 

New  Testament. — The  Gospels 
of  St.  Matthew  and  St. 
Mark. 


Old  Testament  History  to  the 
death  of  King  David,  with 
the  Types  and  Prophecies 
of  Christ  bearing  upon  the 
same. 

New  Testament. — The  Gospel 
of  St.  Luke. 


Old  Testament  History  to  the 
death  of  Hezekiah,  with 
the  Types  and  Prophecies 
of  Christ  bearing  upon  the 
same. 

New  Testament. — Tlie  Gospel 
of  St.  John. 


Old  Testament  History  to 
the  end  of  the  Book  of 
Nelieraiah,  with  the  Types 
and  Prophecies  of  Christ. 
Book  of  Daniel. 

New  Testament.—  The  Acts 
of  the  Apostles.     Hebrews 


Schedule  II. — Plan  of  Beligioue  Instruetion  during  each  year  for  the  Scholars  in  the  Manchester  Board  Schools, 


To  loarn  by  heart. 


Scripture  Instruction. 


Scripture  Eiercises. 


Infants 


Six  of  tlic  following  Hymns  in  the  Board 
Hymn  Book  :  — 4,  li,  15,  19,  20,  28,  29,  30, 
32,  .55,  57,  80,  82,  93,  98,  and  three  of 
the  following  >Ioral  Songs  : — 4,  fi,  8,  9,  1 2, 
16,  19,  20,  21,  24. 

The  Alphabet  of  Texts,  the  Lord's  I'rayer, 
and  the  Fifth  Commandment. 

Morning  and  Evening  Prayer. 


Group  I. — Creation,  Fall,  Flood,  Life 
of  .Joseph,  David  slaying  Goliath, 
Call  of  Samuel,  Birth  of  Christ,  Visit 
of  Shepherds  and  Wise  Men,  Christ's 
Death. 

Group  II. — Same  us  Group  I.,  and  Cain 
and  Alwl.  Abraham  offering  up  Isaac, 
Early  Life  of  Moses,  Life  of  Daniel, 
Clirist's  Resurrection,  three  Miracles 
and  three  Parables. 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


361 


To  learn  by  Heart. 


Scripture  Intitruction. 


Scripture  Exercises. 


Standard  I. 


Standards  II. 
and  III. 


StandardsIV., 
v.,      VI.,   -i 
VII.,      and 
E-K.  VII. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Command- 
ments ;  at  least  40  verses  from  the 
following  passages: — St.  Matt.  v.  1^12; 
St.  Matt.  vi.  24-34,  vii.  7-14,  xi.  28-30, 
xix.  13  and  14,  xxii.  37-40,  xxviii.  18- 
20;  St.  Luke  i.  46-55  and  68-79,  ii.  29- 
32  ;  St.  John  iii.  16,  iv.  24,  xi.  25,  26, 
xiv.  1-3. 

Six  Hymns. 

Morning  and  Evening  Prayer. 

The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Command- 
ments ;  four  of  the  following  Psalms  :— 1, 
4,  8,  15,  19,  23,  25,  32,  34,  51,84,91,  103, 
104,  107,  119  (any  section,  at  the  dis- 
cretion of  the  teacher),  121,  130,  139, 
147,  and  four  parables  from  the  Gospel 
of  St.  Luke. 

Six  Hymns. 

Morning  and  Evening  Prayer. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Commandments, 

and  Six  of  the  above  Psalms,  and 
St.  John  XV.,  or 
1  Cor.  xiii.,  or 
Eph.  vi. 
Six  Hymns. 
Morning  and  Evening  Prayer. 


Outline  of  the  Book  of  Genesis,  with  a 
more  exact  knowledge  of  the  Life  of 
(o)  Abraham,  (A)  Jacob,  or  (c) 
Joseph. 

Outline  of  St.  Matthew's  Gospel,  with 
a  special  knowledge  of  the  Birth, 
Death,  and  Resurrection  of  Christ, 
and  of  six  Miracles  and  six  Parables. 


Outline  of  the  Book  of  Exodus,  with  an 
exact  knowledge  of  the  Life  of 
Moses. 

Outline  of  St.  Mark's  and  St.  Luke's 
Gospels  in  alternate  years,  with 
accurate  knowledge  of  the  Miracles 
and  Parables  recorded  in  them. 


Outline  of  Old  Testament  History,  and 
each  year  two  ofthe  following  Books  : 
— Joshua  and  Judges,  Samuel  I.  and 
II.,  Kings  I.  and  II„  with  special 
reference  to  the  Biographies  contained 
in  them. 

Outline  of  New  Testament  History, 
and  each  year  one  of  the  following 
portions  of  Holy  Scripture  : — The 
Gospel  of  St.  John,  Acts  i.-xiii.,  and 
Acts  xiv.-xxviii. 


Examples  from  Holy 
Scripture  of  the 
observance  or 

breach  of  the  Ten 
Commandments. 


Proof    of    the    Tea 
Commandments, 
by  Texts,  from  the 
New  Testament. 


The  Petitions  of  the 
Lord's  Prayer, 
exemplified  by 
other  passages  of 
Holy  Scripture. 


No.   34. 


ROCHDALE  SCHOOL  BOARD,  LANCASHIRE. 


Scheme  of  Religious  Insikuction. 

1.  In  all  tho  board  schools  snch  selections  from  the 
Bible  as  may  be  approved  by  the  board  shall  be  read  to 
the  scholars,  and  such  explanations  and  instruction 
■given  thereon  as  are  suited  to  the  capacities  of  the 
children. 

Provided : — 

(a.)  That  in  such  explanati.ina  the  provisions  of  tho 
Elementary  Education  Act,  in  sections  7  and 
14,  shall  bo  strictly  observed,  both  in  letter 
and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be  made  to  at- 
tach children  to  any  particular  denomination. 

(6.)  That  any  parent  may  object  to  his  or  her  child 
being  present  during  the  time  of  religious 
toacMng  or  religious  observance ;  and  that 
children  withdrawn  from  such  teaching  or 
observance  shall  receive  instruction  in 
secular  subjects  in  a  separate  room. 

(c.)  That  religious  observance  and  teaching  shall  be 
at  the  opening  of  the  school  in  the  morning, 
and  shall  consist  of  a  hymn  (to  be  selected 
by  the  teacher  from  the  hymn  book  published 
by  the  Manchester  School  Board),  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  Scriptural  instruction,  the  time 
not  exceeding  twenty  minutes ;  and  religious 
observance  at  the  closing  ofthe  school  in  the 
afternoon,  which  shall  consist  of  a  hymn  and 
the  Lord's  Prayer,  the  time  not  exceeding 
ten  minutes. 

(d.)  That  all  explanations  from  the  Bible  shall  be 
given  by  the  head  teacher  only. 

(a.)  During  religious  observances  and  teaching  all 
the  scholars  must  assemble  in  the  principal 
room ;  tho  assistants  and  junior  teachers 
being  in  charge  of  tho  classes  and  not  en- 
gaged in  any  kind  of  secular  work,  unless  in 
compliance  with  section  (6)  of  this  regulation, 
but 

in  schools  where  scholars  assemble  and  are  dismissed  at 
different  times,  or  where  it  is  inconvenient  to  assemble 
all  the  scholars  in  one  room,  tho  Bible  reading  and 
religious  observances  may,  with  the  consent  of  the 
School  Management  Committee,  be  conducted  by  an 
assistant  teacher  at  tho  appointed  time  for  assembling 
and  dismissal,  in  another  room,  the  explanations  from 
tho  Bible  being  given  by  the  head  teacher  only. 

E    55387.  "  7 


2.  The  course  of  Bible  reading  shall  begin  annually 
on  the  first  Monday  in  July. 

3.  The    selections   for  Bible  readings  shall    bo    as 

follows  ; — 

Upper  Departments. 
Old  Testament,  Tuesday  and  Thursday. 

When  the  school  year  ends  in  a  year  with  an  odd 
number : — 

Gen.  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  2-16;  vi.,  vii.,  viii.,  ix.,  1-20  ;  xi. 
1-9;  xiii.,  xiv.,  xxi.,  xxii.,  1-19;  xxiv.,  xxvii., 
xxviii.,  xxxi.,  xxxii.,xxxiii.,  xxxvii.,  xl.,xli.,  xiii., 
xliii.,  xliv.,  xiv.,  xlvi.,  xlvii.,'xlviii.,  xlix.  1. 

Exod.  i.  to  XX. 

Psalms  XV.,  xxiv.,  Ixiii.,  Ixxviii.,  xci.,  civ.,  cvi.,  cxlv. 

When  the  school  year  ends  in  a  year  with  an  oven 
number: — 

Numb,  xiii.,  17-33;  xiv.,  xxi.,  4-9;  xxii.,  xxiii.,  xxiv. 
Deut.  xxxiv. 

Josh,  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  v.,  xxiii.,  xxiv. 
1   Saml.  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  .wii.,  xix.,  1-13  ;  xxiv.,  xxvi., 
xxxi. 

1  Kings  xvii.,  xviii.,  xix. 

2  Kings  i.,  ii.,  iv.,  v. 
Psalms  lx.\viii.,  cv.,  cvi. 
Proverbs  iii.,  iv.,  viii.,  x.,  xv. 
Daniel  i.  to  vi.  inclusive. 

Psalms  xviii.,  xxiii.,  xxvii.,  xxxiv.,  Ixxxiv.,  ciii.,  cv., 
cxlvii. 

New  Testament,  Wednesday  and  Friday. 

When  the  school  year  ends  in  a  year  with  an  odd 
number : — 

St.  Luke's  Gospel  and  Acts  i.  to  xiii.  inclusive. 
St.  Matt,  v.,  vi.,  vii. 

When  the  school  year  ends  in  a  year  with  an  even 
number : — 
St.  Mark's  Gospel  and  Acts  xiv.  to  xxviii.,  inclusive. 
St.  Matthew  v.,  vi.,  vii. 

Infants'  Departments. 

Old  Testament,  Tuesday  and  Thursday. 
The  Creation,  Gen.  i.  ii. 
Death  of  Abel,  Gen.  iv.  2-15. 
The  Flood  and  Noah's  Sacrifice,  Gen.  vi.,  vii.,  viii. 

ix.,  1-20. 
Tower  of  Babel,  Gen.  xi.  1-9. 
Offering  of  Isaac,  G«n.  xxii.  1- 19. 


362 


ELEMENTARY  EDUCATION  ACTS  COMMISSION 


Jacob's  Dream,  Gen.  xxvii.,  xxviii.  6-22. 

Joseph  in  the  Pit,  Gen.  xxxvii. 

Visit  of  Joseph's  Brethren,  Gen.  xlii.  to  xlv. 

Birth  of  Moses,  Bxod.  ii. 

Passage  of  the  Red  Sea,  Bxod.  xiv.,  xv. 

Manna,  Exod.  xvi. 

Giving  of  the  Law,  Exod.  xix.,  xx. 

Brazen  Serpent,  Num.  xxi.  4-9. 

Call  of  Samuel,  1  Saml.  i  to  iii. 

David  and  Goliath,  1  Saml.  xvii. 

Elijah,  1  Kings  xvii.,  xviii.,  xix. 

Elisha  mockedby  the  Children,  2  Kings  i.,  ii. 

Elisha  and  the  Oil,  &c.,  2  Kings  iv. 

Kaaman,  2  Kings  v. 

Daniel  in  the  Lions'  Den,  Daniel  vi. 

Kew  Testament,  Wednesday  and  Friday. 
Birth  of  Christ,  Matt.  i.  18-25  ;  Luke  i.  26-56. 
The  Shepherds,  Luke  ii.  1-20. 
Wise  Men  and  Flight  into  Egypt,  Matt.  ii.  1-23. 
Christ  in  the  Temple  at  twelve  years  of  age,  Luke  ii. 
40-52. 


Preaching  of  John  the  Baptist ;  Baptism  of  Christ, 
Matt.  iii. ;    Mark  i.  l-l:! ;  Luke  iii.  1-22. 

Cleansing  of  the  Temple,  John  ii. 

Woman  of  Samaria,  John  iv. 

Healing  Sick  of  the  Palsy,  Mark  ii. ;  Luke  v.  16-3!). 

Widow's  Son  at  Nain,  Luke  vii. 

Calming  the  Storm,  Luke  vii.  22-25. 

Feeding  5,000,  Mark,  vi.  30-44 ;  John  vi.  1-13. 

Christ  Walking  on  the  Sea,  Matt.  xiv.  22-36. 

Healing  the  Man  born  Blind,  John  ix. 

The  Good  Shepherd,  John  x.  1-18. 

Raising  of  Lazarus,  John  xi. 

The  Good  Samaritan,  Luke  x.  25-37. 

Prodigal  Son,  Luke  xv.  11-32. 

Pharisee  and  Pixblican,  Luke  xviii.  9-14. 

Christ  Blessing  the  Children,  Mark  x.  13-16. 

Entry  into  Jerusalem,  Luke  xix.  28-48. 

Widow's  Mite,  Mark  xii.  41-44. 

Agony  and  Betrayal,  Matt.  xxvi.  36-56. 

Trial,  Crucifixion,  Burial,  Resurrection,  and  As- 
cension, John  xviii.  28-40;  xix.,  xx.,  xxi.  ;  Acts 
i.  9-11. 


No.  35. 
TOTTINGTON  HIGHER  END  SCHOOL  BOARD,  LANCASHIRE. 


Scheme  of  Religious  Instetjction. 

Infant  Bepwrlment. 

The  infant  department  shall  be  taught  in  two  or 
three  classes  by  the  head  teacher  and  senior  assistants. 
The  teaching  shall  be  illustrated  as  far  as  possible  by 
the  pictures  provided  by  the  board. 

Script uKE  Lessons  to  bo  chosen  annually,  at  the 
discretion  of  the  managers,  from  the  following  list : — 

Old  Testament.— The  Creation;  the  Flood;  Noah 
and  the  Ark;  Histories  of  Abraham,  Isaac,  Jacob, 
Joseph  and  his  Brethren,  Moses,  Joshua,  Samuel,  Saul, 
David  and  Solomon,  Elijah,  Elisha,  Daniel. 

New  Testament.— The  Life  of  Christ:  His  Birth, 
Childhood,  Miracles,  Sayings,  and  Death. 

To  be  committed  to  memory. — The  Lord's  Prayer. 

Texts.— Ex.  XX.  12  ;  Eph.  vi.  1 ;  Ps  ciii.  13  ;  Prov.  xv. 
3;  John  iii.  16;  Matt.  xix.  14;  John  iv.  24;  1  Tim.  i. 
l6  ;  Matt.  vi.  6 ;  1  John  i.  9 ;  Prov.  viii.  17 ;  John  xiv. 
6;  Matt.  vii.  21 ;  Luke  ix.  58;  Eccl.  xii.  1  ;  Ps.  Ii.  10; 
Ps.  xxxiv.  14 ;  Prov.  xv.  1  ;  Prov.  xvi.  16 ;  Ps.  cxix.  18  ; 
Luke  xii.  32  ;  Gal.  vi.  2  ;  Rom.  xii.  11 ;  Prov.  iv.  14-15. 

Hymns  and  Moral  Songs. 

Mixed  Department. 

The  mixed  department  shall  be  taught  in  two  grades 
by  the  head  teacher  and  senior  assistants.  The  heed 
teacher  is  recommended  to  divide  the  grades  into 
classes.  While  he  and  the  senior  assistants  arc  giving 
class  instruction,  other  classes  might  be  engaged  under 
assistants  or  pupil  teachers  in  learning  and  writing  out 
texts. 

No  Scripture  lessons  shall  be  given  as  home  work. 

Bibles  and  copies  of  the  Gospels  and  the  Psalms  shall 
be  provided  for  use  in  the  schools. 

Grade  I. — Standa/rds  I.,  II.,  III. 

Scripture. — In  alternate  years  : — 

(a)  Old   Testament. — Lives    of  Abraham,    Isaac, 
Jacob,  Joseph,  Moses,  Joshua. 
New  Testament.— Outline  of  the  Life  of  Christ 
as  given  in  St.  Matthew's  Gospel. 
(6.)  Old  Testament.— Lives  of  Eli,  Samuel,  Saul, 
David,  Solomon. 


New  Testament. — Ontlinc  of  the  Life  of  Christ 
as  given  in  St.  Luke's  Gospel. 
To   bo  committed  to  memory. —The  Lord's  Prayer ; 
the  Ten  Commandments ;  the  names  of  the  Books  of  the 
Bible  in  order. 

Texts.— Prov.  i.  10,  vi.  6-8,  xii.  19-22,  xix.  5,  xx.  1, 
23,  29  ;  John  i.  29,  John  iii.  16 ;  Matt.  vii.  12,  Matt.  vii. 
13-14,  Matt.  xi.  28-30,  Matt.  xix.  13-14;  John  xiii. 
34-?5. 

And  not  less  than  six  Psalms  or  passages  selected 
from  Matt.  T.  1-12,  Matt,  xviii.  23-35,  Matt.  xxii.  1-14  ; 
Luke  X.  25-37,  Luke  xviii.  9-14  ;  Ps.  i.,  viii.,  xv.,xxiii., 
xxiv.,  xlvi..  xoi.,  cxxi.,  cxxxiii.,  cxxxix.  1-12,  and 
23-24. 

OradeU.— Standards  IY.,Y.,YI. 
Scripture. — The  Outlines  of  Old  Testament  History 
learnt  in  Grade  I.  and  in  alternate  years: — 

(as.)  Old  Testament. — Lives  of  Balaam,  Deborah  and 
Barak,  Gideon,  Jephtha,  Samson. 
New  Testament. — St.  Mark's  Gospel  and  Acts  i. 
to  xiv. 
(6.)  Old  Testament. — Lives  of  Rehoboam,  Jeroboam, 
Jehoshaphat,   Ahab,    Jehu,    Hezekiah,    Ezra, 
Nehemiah. 
Now  Testament. — St.  John's  Gospel ;  Acts  xv.  to 
xxviii. 

To  be  committed  to  memory. — The  Lord's  Prayer ; 
the  Ten  Commandments  ;  the  names  of  the  Books  of 
the  Bible  in  order. 

Texts.— Prov.  iii.  13-18,  x.  1,  xiii.  4,  xvi.  32,  xix.  24, 
XX.  4,  xxi.  23,  xxii.  1,  Is.  v.  11,  22;  Eccl.  v.  11; 
Habakkiik  ii.  15;  Matt.  xii.  36;  1  Cor.  xv.  33;  James 
iii.  16  ;    1  Pet.  iii.  10 ;  Is.  Iv.  6-7,  liii.  4-6 ;  Zcch.  ix.  9. 

And  not  less  than  eight  Psalms  and  passages  selected 
from  Prov.  iii.  1-12;  1  Cor.  xiii.  ;  Luke  xv. ;  Ps.  xix., 
xxvii.,  xx-xiv.,  Ixii.,  Ixiii.,  Ixxxiv.,  Ixxxv.,  ciii.,  cxlv., 
cxlvii. 

N.B — The  board  would  most  earnestly  impress  upon 
their  teachers  the  necessity  of  giving  religious  instruc- 
tion in  a  thoroughly  serious  and  reverent  sjiiiit  and 
with  undivided  attention. 

Pupil  teachers  will  be  examined  in  the  course  of 
religious  instruction  prescribed  for  the  scholars. 


No.  36. 
WIDNES  SCHOOL  BOARD,  LANCASHIRE. 
Regulations  fok  Religious  Instkuction. 


(Regulation  No.  55.)  I.  In  the  schools  provided  by 
the  board  such  Biblical  instruction  and  explanations 
shall  bo  given,  and  such  instruction  in  the  principles 
of  morality  and  religion,  as  are  suited  to  the  capacities 
of  children  ;  provided  always — 

1.  That  in  such  explanations  and  instruction,  the 
provisions  of  the  Act  in  Sections  7  and  14 
be    strictly  observed,  both   in  letter  and  spirit. 


and  that  no  attempt  be  made  in  any  such  schools 
to  attach  children  to,  or  detach  them  from,  any 
particular  denomination. 
That  in  regard  of  any  particular  school,  the  board 
shall  consider  and  determine  upon  any  appli- 
cation  by  managers,  parents,  or  ratepayers  of 
the  district,  who  may  show  special  cause  foi' 
exception  of  the  school  from  the  operation  of  this 
resolution,  in  whole  or  in  part. 


APPENDIXES  TO  FINAL  RKPOBT. 


363 


II.  Such  explanations  and  instruction  as  are  recog- 
nised by  the  foregoing  regulation  shall  be  given  by 
the  responsible  teachers  oC  the  school. 

III.  In  all  schools  provision  may  be  made  for  giving 
ellect  to  the  following  resolution  of  the  board : — 

1.  That  in  accordance  with  the  general  practice  of 

e-visting  elementary  schools,  provision^  may  be 
made  for  oHering  prayer  and  using  hymns  in 
schools  provided  by  the  board  at  the  "  time  or 
times"  when,  according  to  section  7  sub- 
section 2  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act, 
"religious  observances  "  may  be  "  practised." 

2.  That  the  airangement  for  such  "  religious  obser- 

vances "  be  left  to  the  discretion  of  the  teacher 
and  managers  of  each  school,  with  the  right  of 
appeal   to    the   board    by   teachers,    managers, 
parents,  or  ratepayers  of  the  district : 
Provided  always — 

That  in  the  otiering  of  any  prayers,  and  in  the  use 
of  any  hymns,  the  provisions  of  the  Act  in 
sections  7  and  14  be  strictly  observed,  both  in 
letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be  made 
to  attach  childi-en  to,  or  detach  them  from,  any 
particular  denomination. 

IV.  During  the  time  of  religious  teaching  or  religious 
observance,  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  teaching 
or  observance  shall  receive  separate  instruction  in 
secular  subjects. 

V.  A  copy  of  sections  7  and  14  of  the  Elementary 
Ednciition  Act  (1870),  and  also  of  the  four  preceding 
regulations,  must  be  hung  up  in  a  conspicuous  part  of 
the  schoolroom. 


VI.  A  syllabus  of  subjects  of  Biblical  instruction  for 
one  month  in  advance,  together  with  a  record  of  the 
lessons  given  during  the  preceding  month,  must  be 
prepared  by  the  teacher  and  forwarded  to  the  clerk  of 
the  board  at  the  beginning  of  each  month. 

VII.  lleligions  observances  in  the  morning  (if  any) 
must  be  concluded  by  9.15. 

VIII.  In  every  school  the  period  for  Biblical  instruc- 
tion in  the  morning  nnist  be  either  between  9.15  and 
9.45  or  between  11.30  and  noon. 

IX.  If  at  any  time  in  the  schools  provided  by  the 
board  there  is  a  number  of  scholars  of  any  one  par 
ticular  denomination,  and  if  responsible  persons  are 
desirous  in  strict  conformity  with  the  spirit  and  letter 
of  the  foregoing  resolutions  of  giving  religious  instruc- 
tion to  such  children,  and  in  the  same  way  of  conduct- 
ing religious  observances  therewith,  and  make  appli- 
cation for  permission  in  accordance  therewith  to  the 
managers  of  the  school,  the  managers  shall  report 
thereupon,  and  the  school  board  shall  consider  and 
determine  upon  any  such  application,  and  the  terms  of 
payment  to  be  made  for  the  use  of  the  room  or  rooms, 
and  if  the  board  grant  the  necessary  pel-mission  it  shall 
be  restricted  to  one  or  more  specifioil  rooms,  and  shall 
be  on  the  express  condition  that  such  religious  instruc- 
tion be  given  and  religious  observance  shall  be  held 
regularly  at  the  stated  times  without  any  interruption, 
and  if  by  any  omission  or  neglect  at  any  stated  time  any 
such  religious  instruction  or  observance  is  omitted  to  be 
given  or  conducted  by  the  person  responsible  for  giving 
or  conducting  the  same,  the  permission  granted  shall 
be  ipso  facto  rescinded. 


No.  37. 

LEICESTER  SCHOOL  BOAED,  LEICESTERSHIRE. 


1.  Regulations  fok  Religious  Instruction. 

2.  Syllabus. 

Regulations. 

"  In  the  day  schools  provided  bj'  the  board  provision 
shall  bo  made  for  giving  effect  to  the  following  resolu- 
tions of  the  board  : — 

"  (if.)  That  such  portions  of  the  Bible  be  read  in  the 
board  schools  as  shall  be  selected  by  the 
board. 

"  {h.)  That  from  the  portions  of  the  Bible  thus  read 
the  head  teachers  may  give  at  their  discretion 
such  explanations  as  may  bo  necessary,  pro- 
vided that  all  sectarian  and  controversial 
teaching,  or  the  teaching  of  doctrines  distinc- 
tive of  any  particular  denomination,  be  strictly 
prohibited. 

"  (c.)  That  in  the  infants'  and  junior  departments  the 
Bible  reading  be  given  at  the  opening  of 
morning  school  by  the  head  teacher  only.  In 
the  senior  departments  the  Bible  shall  be  read 
in  class  by  the  children  who  have  passed  the 
Third  Standard,  subject  to  the  restrictions  of 
the  Conscience  Clause." 
«  *  #  *  * 

"  In  infant  schools  the  head  teacher  may,  at  her 
discretion,  introduce  from  time  to  time  simple  Bible 
stories,  told  in  her  own  way,  or  repetition  of  suitable 
texts  or  hymns  from  the  hymu  book  sanctioned  by  the 
board,  instead  of  a  Bible  reading. 

"The  teachers  shall,  in  their  explanations,  confine 
themselves  to  the  endeavour  to  impress  upon  the  minds 
of  the  children  the  plain  meaning  of  the  passages  read. 

"Doctrinal  or  denominational  teaching  is  to  be  care- 
fully avoided. 

"The  time  occupied  in  Bible  reading  shall  not  be 
less  than  fifteen  minutes,  nor  more  than  thirty  minutes. 

"  The  Bible  reading  shall  be  preceded  or  followed  by 
singing  from  the  hymn  book  sanctioned  by  the  board. 

"Except  ill  junior  departments,  the  head  teachers 
may,  at  theu-  discretion,  avail  themselves  of  the  ser- 
vices of  any  or  all  of  the  assistant  teachers  in  the  Bible 
reading,  but  the  pupil  teachers  shall  not  conduct  any 
part  of  it. 

"  During  the  time  of  Bible  reading  any  children 
withdrawn  from  such  reading  shall  receive  separate 
instruction  in  secular  subjects.  ' 

Syllabub  ov  Religious  Instruction. 

Old  I'estament. 

Book  of  Greuesis,  ch.  xii.  to  end.     Exodua.  i.-xx. 
,,        Numbers,  ch.  i.-is,  14 ;  xxxv.  to  the  end. 


Book  of  Deuteronomy,  ch.  i.-xi.  ;  Joshua  i.-ix. 

The  Books  of  Samuel,  Kings,  Ezra,  Nehemiah,  Job, 
Psalms,  and  Proverbs.  The  Prophetical  Books,  with 
the  exception  of  Lamentations  and  Jonah. 

New  Testament. 

The  Four  Gospels  ;  Acts  of  the  Apostles ;  Romaus, 
chapter  xii.  to  the  end ;  Corinthians,  Ephesiaus, 
Colossians,  Thessalonians,  Timothy,  Titus,  Philemon, 
James,  I.  Peter,  I.  John,  chapters  i.-iv. 


Old  Testament. 


Gen.  xii.  1-9;  xiii.,  xviii., 
xxii.  to  19. 


New  Testament. 

Standard  I. 

Matt.  i.  18  to  end;  ii.,  ix., 
xiv.  13  to  end;  or  Luke 
ii.,  X.,  XV. 


Standard  II. 


Ditto,  with  Gen.  xvi.,  xxiv. 


Ditto,  with  Matt,  iii.,  viii., 
ix. ;  or  Ditto  with  Luke 
xiv.,  xix. 


Standard  III. 

Gen.  xxviii.,  xxxii.,  xxxiii.,   I  Matt.  i.-x.  or  Luke  i.-x. 
xxxix.,  xl.,  1.  I 

Standard  IV. 

Exodus   ii.,  iii.,  iv.  to  23;    I  Matt,  xi.-xxvi. ;  or   Luke 
v.,  vii.  to  XX.  I      xi.  to  xxi. 

Standards  V.  and  VI. 

Life     of    David,     Elijah,    I  Matthew,     or     Luke,     or 
Elisha,  or  Hezekiah.  |      Acts. 

[For  committing  to  memory,  when  desirable.] 

Standard  I.— Psahn  xxiii. ;  Matt.  vi.  9-13 ;  Mark  x. 
13-16. 

Standard  II.— Psalm  i. ;  Matt.  xxii.  37-40 ;  Matt.  v. 
3-12  :  vi.  9-13. 

Standard  III. — Same  as  Standard  II.  ;  Matt.  vii. 
7-12;  Psalm  xix. 

Standard  IV. — Same  as  Standard  II. ;  Matt,  xviii. 
21-35 ;  Psalm  ciii. 

Standards  V.  and  VI. — Same  as  Standard  II. ;  Psalm 
cxxxix. ;  1  Cor.  xiii. ;  or  Faalm  xxxiv ;  Romans  xii. 
9-21. 


Zz  2 


364 


ELEMENTARY  EDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


No.  38. 
LINCOLN  DIOCESAN   SCHEME. 


Infants'  Schools. 


BoTs'  AND  Girls'  Schools. 


Step  I.  (Babies). 


Step  II. 


Step  III, 


Step  IV. 


Step  V. 


Step  VI. 


The  Lord's  Prayer. 

Some  very  simple 
hymns  and  prayers, 
and  a  few  Texts  of 
Scripture. 

The  Birth,  Death. 
Sesurrection,  and 
Ascension  of  our 
Blessed  Lord. 

The  Creation  of  Man. 
The  Fall.  Cain  and 
Abel. 

The  Visit  of  the  Shep- 
herds. Christ  ble.ss- 
ing  little  Children. 


The  BeUef,  Lord's 
Prayer,  the  first, 
third,  fourth,  and 
fifth  Commandments. 

Hymns,  Pniyera,  and 
Texts  of  Scripture. 

The  Birth,  Death, 
Resurrection,  and 
Ascension  of  our 
Blessed  Lord. 

The  Creation. 
Fall  of  Man. 
Flood.  The  OfterinR 
of  Isaac.  The  Pas- 
sage of  the  Red  Sea. 
David  and  Goliath. 

The  Visit  of  the  Shep- 
herds. The  Wise 
Men.  Our  Lord  in 
the  Temple.  The 
RaisinK  of  Jairus' 
Daughter.  The 

Transfiguration. 


The 
The 


The  Belief,  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  Ten 
Commandments, 

Hymns,  Prnyers,  and 
Texts  of  Scripture. 

The  Birth,  Infancv, 
Baptism,  Death, 

Resurrection,  and 
Ascension  of  our 
Blessed  Lord. 

The  Creation.  Fall  of 
Man.  The  Flood. 
The  Tower  of  Babel. 
TheOfferingof  Isaac. 
Early  Life  of  Joseph. 
The  Manna.  The 
Brazen  Serpent.  The 
Journey  of  the  Spies 
to  Jericho.  The  Pas- 
sage of  the  Jordan. 
The  taking  of 
Jericho. 

The  Sick  of  the  Palsy. 
The  Parable  of  the 
Sower.  The  Raising 
of  Jairus'  Daughter. 
The  Death  of  St. 
John  the  Baptist. 
The  Syrophenician's 
Daughter.  The 

Transfiguration. 


Ability  to  write  from 
memory  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  the  Creed, 
and  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments ;  and  to 
explain  the  Creed. 

Hymns,  Prayers,  and 
Texts  of  Scripture. 

The  Birth,  Infancy, 
Baptism,  Tempta- 
tion, Betrayal,  Death, 
Resurrection,  and 
Ascension  of  our 
Blessed  Lord. 

The  Creation.  Fall  of 
Man.  The  Flood. 
The  Tower  of  Babel. 
The  Offering  of  Isaac. 
Early  Life  of  Joseph. 
The  Manna.  The 
Brazen  Serpent.  The 
Journey  of  the  Spies 
to  Jericho.  The  Pas- 
sage of  the  Jordan. 
The  takiugof  Jericho. 
Achan.  The  Con- 
miest  of  the  Five 
Kings.  The  Call  of 
Gideon. 

The  Sick  of  the  Palsy. 
The  Parable  of  the 
Sower.  The  Gada- 
rene  Demoniae.  The 
Raising  of  Jairus' 
Daughter.  TheDeath 
of  St.  John  the  Bap- 
tist. The  Syrophe- 
nician's Daughter. 
The  Transfiguration. 
Bartimeus.  The 

Wicked  H  usban  d- 
man.  Death  of  St. 
Stephen. 


Hymns,  Prayers,  Texts 
of  Scripture,  and 
Psalm  23,  to  be  re- 
peated. 

The  Birth,  Infancy, 
Baptism,  Tempta- 
tion, Betrayal,  Death, 
Resurrection,  and  As- 
cension of  our  Blessed 
Lord. 

Numbers,  chapters  xi., 
xvi.,  xvii.,  ixi. ; 
Joshua,  chapters  i.  to 
X.  inclusive. 

The  Gcspel  according 
to  St.  Mark,  chapters 
ii.,  iv..  v.,  vi.,  ix.,  xi., 
xii.  The  Acts  of  the 
Apostles,  chapters 
vUi.,  ix.,  X. 


Hymns,  Prayers,  Texts 
of  Scripture,  and 
Isaiah  liii.  to  be  re- 
peated. 

The  Birth,  Infancy, 
Baptism,  Tempta- 
tion, Betrayal,  Death, 
Resurrection,  and  As- 
cension of  our  Blessed 
Lord. 

Numbers,  chapters  xi., 
xvi.,  xvii.,  xxi., 
Joshua,  chapters  i.  to 
X.  inclusive;  Judges, 
chapters  iv.  to  viii. 
inclusive. 

The  Gospel  according 
to  St.  Mark,  chapters 
ii.,  iv.,  v..  vi.,  ix..  xi., 
xii.,  xiv.,  XV.,  xvi.  to 
8 ;  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles,  chapters  vi., 
vii.  54  to  end,  viii.,  ix., 
X.,  xii. 


No.  39. 
HARROW-ON-THE-HILL  SCHOOL  BOARD,  MIDDLESEX. 


1.  Syllabus  op  Religious  Instkuction. 

Bach  standard  shall  keep  sti-ictly  to  the  work  detailed  in  the  syllabus,  unless  by  special  leave  of  the  managers, 
but  managers  may,  if  they  think  fit,  group  together  Standards  IV.,  V.,  and_VI.,  provided  that  ths  work  laid  down 
for  Divisions  V.  and  VI.  in  this  syllabus  be  taken  in  alternate  years. 


Pirst  Year  Course. 


Second  Tear  Course. 


Third  Year  Course. 


Standard  I. 


Standard  II. 


Standard  III. 


Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
St.  Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Psalm.  1. 

Study. 

Life  of  Adam. 

First  7  chapters  of  St.  Matthew. 

Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  1  and  19. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Noah  and  Abraham. 
First  1 2  chapters  of  St.  Matthew. 
First  4  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 

Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  19  and  139. 

Study. 

Life  of  Joseph. 

First  20  chapters  of  St.  Matthew. 
First  9  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
St.  Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Psalm  23. 

Study. 

Life  of  Adam. 

First  6  chapters  of  St.  Luke. 

Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  23  and  25. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Noah  and  Abraham. 
First  12  chapters  of  St.  Luke. 
First  4  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 

Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  25  and  32. 

Study. 

Life  of  Joseph. 
First  18  chapters  of  St.  Luke. 
First  9  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
St.  Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Psalm  111. 

Study. 

Life  of  Adam. 

First  5  chapters  of  St.  John. 

Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  32  and  111. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Noah  and  Abraliam. 
First  10  chapters  of  St.  John. 
First  4  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  I  he 
Apostles. 

Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  51  and  111. 

Study. 

Life  of  Joseph. 
First  1 2  chapters  of  St.  John. 
First  9  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


APPENDIXES    TO   FINAL    REPORT. 


365 


First  Tear  Course. 


Second  Year  Course. 


Third  Year  Course. 


Standard  IV. 


Standard  V. 


Standard  VI. 
and  above. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  1,  19.  and  46. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of 
the  New  Testament. 

Study. 

Life  of  Moses. 
Whole  of  St.  Matthew. 
First   15  chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 

Memory. 

Kxodus  and  St.  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  1,  40,  and  90. 
Proverbs,  1st  and  2nd  chapters. 
Irfarn   the  order  of  the  Bool<s  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 
Whole  of  St.  Matthew. 
First  21   chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Aposiles. 

Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
St.  Matthew,  chap  v.  1-12. 
Psalms  1,19,  and  46. 
Proverbs,  3rd  and  4th  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  Boolis  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Solomon  and  Elijah. 

Whole  of  St.  Matthew. 

Wliole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  25,  34,  and  51. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of 
the  New  Testament. 

Study. 

Life  of  Moses. 
Whole  of  St.  Luke. 
First  15  chaptei's  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 

Memor)-. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  34,  90,  and  139. 
Proverbs,  1st  and  2nd  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  ol  Samuel  and  David. 
Whole  of  St.  Luke. 
First  21  chapters  of  the  Acts   of 
the  Apostles. 

Memory, 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
St.  Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Psalms  23,  34,  and  51. 
Proverbs,  3rd  and  4th  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Solomon  and  Elijah. 

Whole  of  St.  Luke. 

Whole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  1U3,  111,  and  139. 
T.eam  the  order  of  the  Books  of 
the  New  Testament. 

Study. 

Life  of  Moses. 
Whole  of  St.  John. 
First   15   chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 

Memory. 

Exodus  and  St.  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  32,  90,  and  103. 
Proverbs,' 1st  and  2nd  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of  the 
Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 
Whole  of  St.  John. 
First  21  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 

Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
St.  Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Psalms  32,  103,  111. 
Proverbs,  3rd  and  4th  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  Books    of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Solomon  and  Elijah. 

Whole  of  St.  John. 

Whole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


2.  Examination  in  Scmptdbb  Knowledge. 

Regulations  for  Prizes . 

1.  These  prizes  are  given  annually  out  of  a  fund 
placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  board  by  jirivatc  indi- 
viduals,   and,    unless    otherwise    arranged,   are    thus 


distributed : — 

Infants 

. 

Standard 

I. 

II. 

HI. 

IV. 

V. 

VI. 

30  Prizes 

30 

25 

20 

20 

10 

10 

3 

3 

Monitors       .  -  .  - 

Pupil  teachers,  1st  and  2nd  years  - 
3rd,    4th,   and   5th 
years        -  -      3       ,, 

2.  In  addition  to  these  prizes,  the  board  provides 
certificates  for  those  who  are  reported  to  be  deserving 
of  them. 

3.  All  children  are  eligible  for  examination  whose 
names  have  been  on  the  registers  throughout  the  three 
months  ending  December  Slst,  preceding  the  examina- 
tion. 

4.  The  examination  will  be  hold  in  the  subjects  laid 
down  as  one  of  the  courses  in  the  board's  regulations ; 
and  for  pupil  teachers  and  monitors  the  same  subject  as 
for  Standard  VI. 

5.  The  children  in  Standards  I.,  II.,  III.,  IV.,  as 
well  as  the  infants,  will  be  examined  by  the  head 
teacher  of  the  school,  or  by  the  teacher  who  has  had 
charge  of  the  particular  class  to  which  they  belong,  in 
the  presence  of  at  least  two  of  the  managers  selected 
for  this  duty,  who  will  report  on  the  general  result  to 
the  board,  and  recommend  what  rewards  shall  be  given. 
The  presiding  managers  have  authority  to  ask  ques- 
tions for  themselves  in  addition  to  those  asked  by  the 
teachers. 

6.  Pupil  teachers  and  monitors,  as  well  as  the 
children  in  Standards  V.  and  VI.,  will  take  part  in  a 
competitive  written  examination,  to  be  held  at  their 
own  schools,  in  the  presence  of  two  managers. 


Instructions  for  the  Viva  Voce  Examination, 
1.  Children  are  to  be  in  their  places  at  9.30  a.m. 


2.  Two  managers  should  be  present  throughout  the 
examination. 

3.  The  examination  is  to  be  conducted  by  the  head 
teacher  or  by  the  teacher  wh3  has  given  the  Bible 
instruction  in  the  class  under  examination,  ■;;('■!;»  voce, 
and  in  the  presence  of  two  managers,  but  it  is  open  to 
the  managers  to  ask  questions  for  themselves  if  they 
see  fit. 

4.  It  is  for  the  managers  to  determine  who  are  to 
receive  prizes  and  certificates,  and  whilst  the  board 
leave  them  to  settle  their  own  mode  of  arriving  at  a 
correct  result,  they  stipulate  that  no  prize  or  certificate 
is  to  be  awarded  unless  thoroughly  deserved. 

5.  The  number  of  prizes  to  be  awarded  in  each  school 
will  be  forwarded  by  the  clerk.  In  addition  such 
number  of  certificates  {not  exceediug  the  number  of 
prizes)  may  be  given,  as  the  managers  consider  are 
needed  for  the  reward  of  deserving  children  who  do  not 
gain  prizes. 

6.  The  board  will  be  obliged  if  in  additiou  to  the 
names  of  the  children  earning  prizes  and  certificates, 
the  managers  will  be  good  enough  (1;  to  make  a 
general  report  on  the  efiicienoy  of  the  I'eligious  teaching 
throughout  the  part  of  the  school  which  they  examine. 
(2)  To  take  down  carefully  and  return  the  number 
of  infants  and  children  who  are  examined  in  each 
standard. 

7.  The  return  of  numbers  and  names  with  your 
general  report  should  be  sent  with  as  little  delay  as 
possible  to  the  clerk  of  the  board. 


Instructions  for  the  Written  Examination, 

1.  Two  managers  should  be  present  throughout  the 
examination. 

2.  The  pi'esiding  managers  will  receive  thoexami. 
nation  papers  from  the  clerk  of  the  board,  but  are 
requested  not  to  open  the  packet  until  the  children  are 
actually  seated  in  their  places. 

3.  Competitors  are  to  bo  in  their  places  by  9.30. 

4.  Begin  by  causing  each  child  to  write  his  or  her 
name  (surname  first)  and  standard  or  rank  (if  pupil 
teacher  add  the  year)  on  the  top  of  the  first  sheet  of 
paper,  together  with  the  name  of  the  school,  and  take 
down  the  names  on  a  separate  sheet  of  paper  to  be 
headed  A. 


Zz  3 


366 


ELEMKNTARY   EDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION 


5.  At  10  a.m.,  oi-  as  soon  aftei'  the  pi-eliiuiiiary  work 
is  finished,  give  out  the  exainiaatiou  papers,  aud  read 
it  aloud  once  to  the  competitors.  Any  difficulty  in 
understanding  a  question  that  suggests  itself  to  any 
child  may  be  asked,  and  answered  out  loud  for  all  to 
hear. 

6.  As  soon  as  the  papers  are  given  out,  the  managers 
are  to  call  up  their  children  in  the  order  in  which  they 
appear  on  paper  A.,  and  hear  them  say  by  heart  any 
two  of  ohe  prescribed  passages  which  they  have  learned 
during  the  past  year,  give  each  competitor  such  number 
of  marks,  notexceeding  10,  for  each  of  these  repetitions 
as  he  or  she  deserves,  and  record  the  number  against 
the  name  on  Paper  A. 

7.  The  answers  to  the  questions  are  to  be  written  on 
half-sheets  of  foolscap  paper,  aud  on  one  side  only. 


8.  The  time  allotted  for  the  papers  is  three  hours,  and 
no  more,  from  the  time  they  are  given  out ;  children 
who  have  finished  earlier  may  give  up  their  answers  to 
the  presiding  managers  and  leave  the  room,  but  no 
child  who  has  once  given  up  the  answers  may  begin 
again. 

9.  No  books,  notes,  or  whispering  of  one  child  to 
another,  and  no  helps  of  any  kind  are  to  be  allowed. 

10.  The  children  are  to  be  seated  as  far  as  possible 
apart,  and  every  care  taken  to  prevent  copying. 

11.  The  answers  are  to  be  collected  at  the  time 
appointed  by  the  presiding  managers,  taken  away  from 
the  school  by  them,  and  sent  under  seal  (accompanied 
by  the  list  of  names)  by  special  messenger  or  post  to 
the  clerk  of  the  board. 

12.  Take  care  that  the  several  sheets  of  each  com- 
petitor's answers  are  fastened  together. 


No.  40. 
LONDON  SCHOOL  BOAKD. 


1.  Rbgdlations  of  the  Boakd. 
1.  In  the  schools  provided  by  the  board  the  Bible 
shall  be  read,  and  there  shall  be  given  such  explana- 
tions and  such  instruction  therefrom  in  the  principles 
of  morality  and  religion  as  are  suited  to  the  capacities 
of  children,  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  reso- 
lution of  the  board  passed  8th  March  1871 :  provided 
always — 

(2.)  That  in  such  explanations  and  instruction 
the  provisions  of  the  Act  in  sections  7  and  14  be 
strictly  observed,  both  in  letter  and  spirit,  and  that 
no  attempt  be  made  in  any  such  schools  to  attach 
children  to  any  particular  denomination. 

(3.)  That,  in  regard  of  any  particular  school  the 
board  shall  consider  and  determine  upon  any  appli- 
cation by  managers,  parents,  or  ratepayers  of  the 
district  who  may  show  special  cause  for  exception  of 
the  school  from  the  operation  of  this  resolution,  in 
whole  or  in  part. 

4.  Such  explanations  and  instruction  as  are  recognised 
by  the  foregoing  regulation  shall  be  given  by  the 
responsible  teachers  of  the  school.  In  this  article  the 
term  "responsible  teachers"  does  not  include  pupil 
teachei"s. 

5.  In  all  schools  provision  may  be  made  for  giving 
effect  to  the  following  resolutions  of  the  board,  passed 
on  July  26th,  1871  :  — 

(6.)  That,  in  accordance  with  the  general  practice 
of  existing  elementary  schools,  provision  may  be 
made  for  offering  prayer  and  using  hymns  in  schools 
provided  by  the  board  at  the  "  time  or  times  "  when, 
according  to  section  7,  sub-section  2,  of  the  Ele- 
mentary Education  Act,  "religious  observances" 
may  be  "  practised." 

(7.)  That  the  arrangements  for  such  "  religious 
observances  "  be  left  to  the  discretion  of  the  teacher 
and  managers  of  each  school,  with  the  right  of  appeal 
to  the  board  by  teacher,  managers,  parents,  or  rate- 
payers of  the  district : 

8.  Provided  always,  that  in  the  ofi"ering  of  any  prayers, 
and  in  the  use  of  any  hymns,  the  provisions  of  the 
Act  in  eections  7  and  14  be  strictly  observed,  both  in 
letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be  made  to  attach 
children  to  any  particular  denomination. 

9.  During  the  time  of  religious  teaching  or  religious 
observance,  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  teach- 
ing or  observance  shall  receive  separate  instruction  in 
secular  subjects.     . 

10.  A  copy  of  sections  7  and  14  of  the  Elementary  Edu- 
cation Act  (1870),  and  also  of  the  preceding  regu- 
lations, must  Ije  hung  up  in  a  conspicuous  part  of  the 
schoolroom. 

2.  Pkacticb  or  the  BoAan. 

The  door  of  the  schoolroom  is  to  be  closed  at  9  o'clock, 
aud  the  roll  called  and  prayers  offered.  Immediately 
after  prayers  the  doors  are  to  be  re-opened,  the  children 
admitted  who  have  assembled  in  the  meantime,  and 
the  doors  then  again  closed.  From  that  time  up  to 
9.40  the  Bible  instruction  is  to  be  given.  At  9.40  the 
doors  are  again  to  be  opened,  and  the  roll  finally  taken, 
and  closed  by  9.55.  'Ihe  children  assembling  during 
the  time  when  the  Bible  instruction  is  being  given  are 
not  to  wait  in  the  streets,  but  are  to  be  received  into 
some  disengaged  room,  and  there  receive  some  kind  of 
instruction. 


It  is  the  duty  of  managers  to  see  that  the  regulations 
of  the  board  for  Bible  instruction  are  carried  out,  and 
it  will  be  well  for  them  to  visit  the  schools  during  the 
time  set  apart  for  such  instruction. 

The  Bible  instruction  of  pupil  teachers  is  given  at 
the  pupil  teachers'  schools,  where  also  the  same  regu- 
lations are  in  force  as  to  religious  observances  at  the 
opening  of  the  classes  that  are  laid  down  for  the  ordi- 
nary day  schools.  It  is  the  duty  of  managers  of  the 
pupil  teachers'  schools  to  see  that  the  regulations  of 
the  board  on  this  point  are  complied  with. 


3.  Syllabus  of  Bible  Instkuction. 

A. — For  Scholars ;  B. — For  Candidates  and  Pitpil 
Teachers,  for  the  year  1888. 

A. — Syllabus  for  Scuolaes. 

In  the  schools  provided  by  the  board  the  Bible  shall 
be  read,  and  there  shall  be  given  such  explanations  and 
such  instructions  therefrom  in  the  principles  of  morality 
and  religion  as  are  suited  to  the  capacities  of  the 
children.- -Ai'ticle  81  of  the  Code  for  the  guidance  of 
managers  and  teachers. 

Greueral  instniction. — The  teachers  arc  desired  to 
make  the  lessons  as  practical  as  possible,  and  not  to 
give  attention  to  unnecessary  details. 

If  the  school  year  ends  with  any  one  of  the  last  six 
months  of  the  year  ending  31st  December,  teachers 
may,  at  their  own  option,  present  the  children  at  the 
written  examination  in  Scripture  knowledge  in  the 
standards  to  which  they  belong  at  the  close  of  the 
school  year. 

Head  teachers  of  infant  schools  must  di-aw  up  a 
syllabus  of  lessons  for  chUdi-en  below  Standard  I.  and 
submit  it  to  the  board  inspector  when  he  visits  ,the 
school. 

Standard  I. 

Learn  the  Ten  Commandments,  Excdus  xx.  1-17 
(the  substance  only  will  be  required) ;  the  Lard's 
Prayer,  St.  Matthew  vi.  9-13. 

Simple  lessons  from  the  life  of  Joseph. 

Leading  facts  in  the  life  of  Christ  told  in  simple 
language. 

Standard  II. 

Repeat  the  Ten  Commandments  and  the  Lord's 
Prayer. 

Learn  St.  Matthew  v.  1-12 ;  and  St.  Matthew  xxii. 
35-40. 

Simple  outline  of  the  life  of  Moses. 

Simple  outline  of  the  facts  and  simple  lessons  from 
the  life  of  Christ. 

Standard  III. 

Memory  work,  as  in  Standards  I.  aud  II. 

Learn  Psalm  xxiii. 

Lessons  from  the  lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 

Fuller  outline  of  the  life  of  Chriso,  with  lessons  drawn 
from  the  following  parables  : — The  Two  Debtors  ;  the 
Good  Samaritan ;  the  Prodigal  Son ;  the  Merciless 
Servant ;  the  Lost  Sheep ;  the  Pharisee  and  the 
Publican. 


VPFENDIXES  TO  FINAL  REPOKT. 


367 


Standard  IV. 

Memory  work,  as  iii  ytaiidard  111. 

Learn  St.  John  xiv.  15-31. 

Lessons  from  the  Pentatenoh,  with  special  reference 
to  the  lives  of  Abraham,  Isaac,  Jacob,  Joseph,  and 
Moses,  with  the  practical  lessons  to  be  derived  there- 
from, together  with  the  teaching  of  the  law  of  Moses 
with  reference  to  the  "Poor,"  "  Stranger,"  "  Father- 
less," "Widow,"  "  Bond-servaat,"  "Parents,"  and 
"Children." 

The  Life  of  Christ  (First  Part)  as  gathered  from  the 
Gospels  of  St.  Matthew  up  to  chapter  xiv.  ;i6,  in- 
chisive  ;  St.  Mark,np  to  chapter  vi.  56;  St.  Luke,  up 
to  chapter  ix.  17  ;  St.  John,  up  to  chapter  vii.  1 :  viz., 
to  Third  Passover,  with  lessons  from  the  following 
parables: — The  Sower;  the  Mustard  Seed  ;  the  Wheat 
and  Tares ;  the  Pearl  of  Great  Price. 

Brief  account  of  Bethlehem,  Nazareth,  Sea  of  Galileo, 
Bethany,  and  Jerusalem. 

Standard  V. 

Memory  work,  portion  learned  in  Standard  IV. 
(St.  John' xiv.  15-31). 

Learn  Ephesians  vi.  1-18. 

Lessons  from  the  Books  of  Samuel  and  Kings,  with 
special  reference  to  the  lives  of  Samuel,  Saul,  David, 
and  Solomon. 

The  Life  of  Christ  continued  (Second  Part),  from 
Third  Passover  to  end  of  Gospels. 

Acts  of  the  Apostles,  first  two  chapters. 

Standard  VI. 

Memoiy  work,  portion  learned  in  Standard  V. 
(Ephesians  vi.  1-18.) 

Learn  Isaiah  liii.  and  Ephesians  iv.  25-32. 

Lessons  from  the  lives  of  Elijah  and  Daniel ;  causes 
which  led  to  the  captivity  and  return,  with  the  efl'ect  on 
the  national  life  and  character  of  the  children  of  Israel. 

Becapitalation  of  the  life  of  Christ,  together  with  an 
account  of  His  discourses  as  given  in  St.  John, 
chapters  iii.,  vi.  1-40,  and  x. ;  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  to 
chapter  viii. 

Standard  VII. 

Memory  work,  portion  learned  in  Standard  VI. 
(Isaiah  liii.,  and  Ephesians  iv.  25-32.) 

Learn  I.  Corinthians  xiii. 

Becapitnlation  of  the  subjects  in  the  Old  Testament 
set  out  in  the  preceding  standards. 

Recapitulation  of  the  life  of  Christ,  as  in  Standard  VI. 

Acts  of  the  Apostles,  with  special  reference  to  the 
life  and  missionary  journeys  of  St.  Paul. 

B. — Stliaj!us  tor  Candidates  and  Pupil  Teacheks. 

The  course  at  the  pupil  teachers'  schools  should  afford 
a  general  acqua.intance  with  the  Old  and  New  Testa- 
ments, with  especial  reference  to  those  portions  which 
are  included  in  the  syllabus  of  instruction  for  childi'en. 

This  course  should  include,  not  merely  a  general 
outline  of  the  history  and  literature  of  the  different 
periods  as  contained  in  the  Bible  and  the  circumstances 
of  the  time,  but  also  special  attention  should  be  given 
to  the  teaching  contained  therein. 

Candidates. 

Candidates  will  be  examined  in  the  course  appointed 
for  Standard  VII. 

Pupil  Teachers. 
First  Tear. 

Study  of  the  Old  Testament  *  to  the  death  of  Moses. 
Study  of  the  Gospels  down  to  the  Third  Passover.* 

Second  Year. 

Study  of  the  Old  Testament  to  the  death  of  Saul.* 
Study  of  the  four  Gospels.* 

Third  Year. 

Study  of  the  Old  Testament  to  the  division  of  the 
kingdom  after  the  death  of  Solon»on,  with  a  general 
knowledge  of  the  Books  of  Psalms  and  Proverbs.* 
Study  of  the  New  Testament  to  the  close  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles.* 

Fourth  Year. 

Study  of  the  Old  Testament.*  Study  of  the  New 
Testament  to  the  close  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles,* 
together  with  some  knowledge  of  the  Epistles. 

•  II  is  Intended  that  in  each  year,  after  tlio  first,  tlio  work  of  tlie  pre- 
vious .vears  siiould  lie  sliortl.v  reeapitulated  and  the  now  worii  should 
lie  taught  in  fuller  detail. 


4.  Rules  for  Examination, 

Annual  ami  Triennial  Exa/imiiation. 

Annual  Examination  in  Scripture  for  Prizes  given  by 

the  Religious  Tract  Society  and  Mr.  Francis  Peek. 

Sohefmefor  last  Examination. 

(i.)  That  the  following  prizes  be  offered  for  competi- 
tion for  proficiency  in  Scripture  knowledge : — 

Pupil  teachers  and  pupil  teacher  probationers  250 
Bibles. 

Scholars. — Standard   IV.   and  upwards,   750  Bibles 
and  800  Testaments. 

Scholars.— Standard  III.,  1,000  Testaments. 
.   .        „  II.,  1,400 

To  be  eligible  fcr  a  prize,  a  scholar  or  pupil  teacher 
must  have  obtained  70  per  cent,  of  the  maximum 
number  of  marks  obtainable  at  the  examination.* 

(ii.)  That,  in  addition  to  prizes,  the  board  shall  pro- 
vide certificates,  to  be  given  to  the  children  who  come 
next  in  order.  To  be  eligible  for  a  certificate,  a  scholar 
orfpupil  teacher  must  have  obtained  50  per  cent,  of  the 
maximum  number  of  marks  obtainable  at  the  exami- 
nation.* 

(iii.)  That  all  pupil  teacher  probationers  and  pupil 
teachers  be  eligible  for  examination  who  are  in  tne 
service  of  the  board  at  the  end  of  October. 

(iv.)  That  all  children  are  eligible  for  examination 
whose  names  have  been  on  the  class  register  throughout 
the  three  months  ended  31  st  October  1887. 

(v.)  That  the  children  in  Standards  I.,  II.,  III.,  be 
examined  by  the  head  teacher  of  the  school  to  which 
they  belong,  and  that  the  managers  of  the  school  be 
specially  invited  to  be  present  at  the  examination, 
notice  of  the  date  of  the  same  to  be  forwarded  by  the 
correspondent  to  each  manager  at  least  a  week  before 
the  examination. 

(vi.)  That  the  names  of  the  most  Buccessful  in  these 
three  standards  be  sent  to  the  board. 

(vii.)  That  the  children  in  Standard  IV.  and  upwards 
be  examined,  in  the  first  instance,  by  the  head  teacher 
of  the  school  to  which  they  belong,  who  shall  select  not 
more  than  5  per  cent,  of  the  children  on  the  roll  in 
Standard  IV.,  and  10  per  cent,  of  the  children  iu 
Standards  V..  VI.,  and  VII.,  and  forward  their  names 
to  the  board. 

(viii.)  That  the  children  whose  names  are  thus  for- 
warded to  the  board  shall  take  part  in  a  written 
examination,  to  be  held  at  centres. 

(ix.)  That  the  examination  of  pupil  teachers  and 
pupil  teacher  probationers  be  a  written  examination, 
and  that  it  be  held  at  the  pupil  teachers'  schools. 

(x.)  That  the  first  examination  of  children  take  place 
on  Friday,  25th  November  1887,  and  that  the  written 
examination  of  scholars,  pupil  teachers,  and  pupil 
teacher  probationers  take  place  on  Friday,  16th  Decem- 
ber  1887. 

Instriuitions  to  Teachers. 
Sir  (or  Madam), 

1.  I  have  to  inform  you  that  the  examinations  in 
Scripture  knowledge  are  appointed  to  take  place  as 
follows  : — The  examination  of  Standards  I.,  II.,  and 
III.,  and  the  preliminary  examination  of  Standards  IV., 
v.,  VI.,  and  VII.  on  the  morning  of  Friday,  25th 
November  1887,  between  the  hours  of  9  and  12,  and 
the  written  competitive  examination  for  the  selected 
scholars  of  Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI.,  and  VII.,  and  the 
pupil  teacher  probationers  and  pupil  teachers  on  the 
morning  of  Friday,  16th  December  1887.  between  the 
hours  of  9.30  and  12.30.  The  class  registers  must  not 
be  marked  on  these  occasions.  If  the  Government 
examination  of  your  school  is  fixed  for  the  25th  Novem- 
ber, the  preliminary  examination  must  be  held  on  the 
preceding  day ;  and  if  the  16th  December  is  fixed  for 
the  Government  examination,  be  good  enough  to  com- 
municate this  fact  to  the  office  as  soon  as  possible, 
asking  for  further  instructions. 

2.  A  half  holiday  will  be  given  to  all  schools  (boys,' 
girls,'  mixed,  and  infants')  in  the  afternoon  of  the  day 
of  the  preliminary  examination.  On  the  day  of  the 
written  examination,  all  schools  (boys,'  girls,'  mixed 
and  infants')  are  to  be  closed  for  the  whole  of  the  day'. 
The  senior  scholars  selected  for  the  written  examina- 
tion will  be  collected  at  the  centres.  (See  below 
pars.  14  and  15.) 

3.  In  infants'  schools  whore  there  are  children  in 
Standard  I.,  the  examination  on  the  26th  November 


Zz  4 


■  This  per.centaKe  may  be  raised  next  year. 


368 


KLEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS    COMMISSION  : 


is  to  be  conducted  between  9.15  and  9.46,  and  the 
registers  are  to  be  maa'ked  for  all  the  children  present 
in  the  school. 

4.  It  must  be  made  known  in  the  school,  on  the  day  pre- 
ceding the  preliminary  examination,  that  the  attendance 
at  the  examination  is  voluntary  ;  and  the  following 
notice  must  be  publicly  announced  by  the  head  teacher 
in  each  department: — "An  examination  in  Scripture 
"  knowledge  will  be  held  in  this  school  on  Friday,  25th 
"  November,  from  9  to  12  o'clock.  Prizes  and  certi- 
"  ficatea  for  proficiency  in  such  knowledge  will  be 
"  awarded.  Attendance  at  the  examination  is 
"  voluntary." 

5.  The  managers  will  be  specially  invited  to  be  pre- 
sent at  the  examination,  but  the  method  of  conducting 
it  will  be  left  entirely  to  your  judgment  and  discretion; 
and  you  will  be  hold  responsible  for  the  examination  of 
your  own  department  only. 

6.  You  may  select  about  the  following  proportion  of 
children  on  the  roll  in  Standards  I.,  II.,  III.  respec- 
tively, to  receive  prizes  or  certificates  : — 

Standard  I. — 2  per  cent,  to  receive  certificates. 

Standard  II.~2  per  cent,  to  receive  prizes.  4  per 
cent,  to  receive  certificates. 

Standard  III. — 3  per  cent,  to  receive  prizes.  7  per 
cent,  to  receive  certificates. 

7.  You  may  select  not  more  than  5  per  cent,  of  the 
number  of  the  children  on  the  roll  in  Standard  IV.,  and 
10  per  cent,  of  the  number  on  the  roll  in  Standards  V., 
VI.,  VII.  for  the  written  examination  at  centres.  (If 
you  have  not  more  than  six  scholars'  names  on  your 
books  in  any  one  of  these  standards,  you  may  select 
one  candidate  for  the  above-named  competition,  and, 
if  more  than  six,  but  not  more  than  12,  you  may  select 
two  candidates.) 

8.  Each  scholar  selected  by  you  must  have  had  his 
(or  her)  name  on  the  books  of  your  school  throughout 
the  three  months  ended  the  31st  October  1887. 

9.  If  in  your  department  the  average  number  on  the 
roll  in  Standard  VI.  amd  upwards  together,  for  the 
three  months  ended  31st  October  1887,  does  not  exceed 
30,  the  childien  may  be  examined  as  Standard  VI. ;  if 
in  Standards  VI.  and  V.  together  the  average  nnmbei' 
on  the  roll  for  the  three  months  ended  31st  October 
does  not  exceed  30,  the  children  may  be  examined  as 
Standard  V. ;  and  if  in  Standards  V.  and  IV.  together, 
the  average  number  on  the  roll  for  the  three  months 
ended  31st  October  does  not  exceed  30,  the  children 
may  be  examined  as  Standard  IV.  In  no  case  may 
Standard  VII.  take  the  work  of  Standard  V.,  or 
Standard  VI.  the  work  of  Standard  IV. 

10.  If  your  school  year  ends  with  any  one  of  the  last 
six  months  of  the  year,  you  may,  at  your  own  option, 
present  the  childi-en  at  the  examinations  in  Scripture 


knowledge  in  tie  slandaids  to  which  tlicy  belonged  at 
the  close  of  the  school  year.  If  this  privilege  be  taken 
advantage  of,  it  must  be  so  stated,  and  the  names  of  the 
scholars  must  be  placed,  in  Form  L,  under  the  stan- 
dards in  which  they  are  examined.  I  enclose  Scripture 
Form  I.,  and  have  to  ask  that  you  will  be  good  enough 
to  make  all  the  required  entries  in  accordance  with  the 
instructions  given,  and  forward  the  completed  form  to 
the  Board  offices  not  later  than  Thursday,  the  1st 
December. 

11.  With  regard  to  the  written  competitive  examina- 
tion, I  have  to  state  that  there  will  be  separate  sets  of 
questions  for  each  standard,  from  Standard  IV.  up- 
wards. 

12.  Before  the  questions  are  distributed  the  superin- 
tendents will  allow  a  certain  amount  of  time,  during 
which  each  competitor  will  be  expected  to  write,  in  a 
bold  hand,  on  his  (or  her)  paper  : — 

(a.)  The  name  of  his  (or  her)  school. 
(6.)  His  (or  her)  own  name  in  full,  and  age. 
(c.)  His   (or  her)  standaid  in   which  he   (or   she)  is 
about  to  be  examined. 

13.  Yon  will  do  well,  before  the  day  of  the  examina- 
tion, to  train  your  scholars  to  do  this  with  promptitude 
and  neatness,  and  to  offer  them  such  explanations  as 
will  obviate  the  necessity  for  asking  any  questions  at 
the  time  of  the  examination. 

14.  You  will  be  informed  later  on  of  the  name  of  the 
school  that  has  been  fixed  upon  as  the  centre  at  which 
your  senior  scholars  will  be  examined.  The  pupil 
teachers  and  candidates  will  be  examined  at  the  pupil 
teacher  schools  which  they  respectively  attend. 

15.  All  competitors  should  be  at  the  centre  not  later 
than  9.15  a.m. 

16.  You  will  be  held  responsible  for  the  good  be- 
haviour of  your  scholars  until  they  have  taken  their 
seats  as  directed  by  the  superintendent  of  the  centre. 
This  duty  must  not  be  delegated  to  an  assistant,  except 
under  very  exceptionial  circumstances. 

17.  All  necessary  materials  will  bo  provided  at  the 
centre,  and  no  book  or  paper  of  any  kind  must  be  taken 
into  the  examination  room  by  the  competitoi's. 

18.  You  will  be  expected  to  assist  the  superintendents 
to  maintain  order  and  secure  absolute  fairness  in  the 
conduct  of  the  examination. 

Triennial  Examinations. 
The  board  have  decided — 

"That   a   thorough   and  detailed   examination    in 

Scripture  knowledge  be  held  in  each   school  at 

least  once  in  three  years,  and  bo  conducted  by 

the  board  inspectors." 

The  registers  of  the  school  are  not  marked  on  the 

dav  of  this  examination. 


No,  41. 
TOTTENHAM  SCHOOL  BOARD,  MIDDLESEX. 


Syllabds  of  Religious  Insikuction. 

Infants. 

Old  Testament. — Oral  instruction  from  Bible  stories 
with  pictorial  illustrations. 

Memory  Work. — Psalm  xxiii. 

New  Testament. — Oral  instruction  with  pictorial 
illustrations. 

Memory  Work. — John  x.  1-8,  and  the  Lord's 
Prayer. 

Standa/rd  I. 

Old  Testament. — Biographies  of  Genesis. 

Memory  Work. — Psalms  i.  and  viii ,  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments. 

New  Testament. — Birth  and  Life  of  our  Lord  to  the 
beginning  of  His  Ministry,  Matthew  i.,  iv.,  and  xiv., 
Luke  i.,  iv.,  and  xiii. 

Memory  Work. — John  i.  1-18. 

Standard  II. 

Old  Testament. — The  narrative  portions  of  the  Book 
of  Exodus. 

Memory  Work. — Psalms  xv.,  xvi.,  and  six.,  and  the 
Ton  Commandments. 

New  Testament. — Public  Ministry  of  our  Lord. 

Memory  Work. — Matthew  v.  1-12, 


Standard  III. 

Old  Testament  — History  of  Israel  from  the  giving  of 
the  law  till  the  Conquest  of  Canaan.  Narrative  portion 
of  the  Books  of  Numbers  and  Joshua. 

Memory  Work. — Psalms  xxiv.,  Ixxii.,  and  xcv. 

New  Testament. — The  Life  of  our  Lord  from  his  last 
entrance  into  Jerusalem  till  His  ascension.  The 
Miracles. 

Memory  Work. — Matthew  vi.  24-34. 

Standard  IV. 

Old  Testament. — Israel  under  the  Judges  till  tlio 
accession  of  Saul. 

Memory  Work.  —Isaiah  Hi.  13-15,  and  liii.  1-12. 

New  Testament. — The  Parables  and  the  Sermon  on 
the  Mount. 

Memory  Work. — Matthew  vii.  7-27. 


Standard  V. 

Old  Testament... — The  history  of  the  united  kingdoms 
of  Israel  and  Judah.  The  lives  of  Saul,  David,  and 
Solomon. 

Memory  Work. — Psalms  ciii.  aud  cxlv. 

New  Testament.— Matthew  or  Luke. 

Memory  Work. — Matthew  xxv.  31-46. 


APPENUIXKS    TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


369 


8tanda/rd  VI. 
Old  Testament.— The   history  of   the   kingdoma   of 
Israel  and  Judah  till  their  return  from  captivity. 
Memory  Work. — Proverbs  viii. 
New  Testament. — Gospel  of  John. 
Memory  Work. — John  iii.  1-21. 

Standard  VII. 

tJld  TeHtamont.—  The  history  of  the  kingdoms  of  Israel 
and  Jndah  from  the  return  from  their  captivity  to  the 
Christian  Era. 


Memory  Work. — Isaiah  Ix. 

New  Testaiiieut. — Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Memory  Work. — John  xv. 

General  Conditions. 

1.  The  following  standards  may  be  conjoined :  Land 
II.  ;  III.  and  IV.  ;  V.,  VI.,  and  VII. 

2.  Each  standard  should  recapitulate  the  work  of  the 
previous  year. 

;i.  In  tho  teaching  of  the  three  highest  standards  it 
is  expected  that  reference  will  be  made  to  the  map. 
4.  Hymns  from  a  book  to  be  approved  by  the  Board. 


No.  42. 
NBWPOET  AND  ST.  WOOLLOS,  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOARD,  MONMOUTHSHIRE. 


Scheme  of  Religious  Instkuction. 

I. — General. 

A  portion  of  Scripture  to  be  read  daily  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  morning  school. 

Selections  from  the  Abridged  Bible  Catechism,  by 
W.  T.  Lloyd,  published  by  tho  Sunday  School  Union, 
London,  to  be  learnt  during  first  four  days  of  the  week, 
to  be  reviewed  on  Fridays. 

Singing  a  verse  or  two  of  a  hymn. 

The  ottering  of  a  brief  prayer  by  the  principal  teacher 
morning  and  evening. 

II. — Method  of  Teaching  for  Boys',  Ovrh',  and  Mixed 
Departmemts. 

The  scholars  as  a  rule  to  be  grouped  in  two  Divisions. 
Division  I.,  Standards  I.  and  II.  Division  II., 
Standards  III.  to  VII. 

The  Scripture  for  the  first  six  months  to  consist  of 
lessons  from  the  lives  of  the  Patriarchs,  to  be  followed 
in  the  subsequent  half-year  by  lessons  from  the  Life 
of  Our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  as  recorded  in  the  New 
Testament. 

Tho  Catechism  during  tbo  first  half-year  to  bo  tho 
first  four  chapters,  or  about  100  questions  and  answers. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  to  be  repeated  by  all  the  scholars 
each  day,  and  tho  Commandments  once  in  every  week. 
Scripture  reading  and  catechism  to  be  varied  from  year 
to  year  as  the  scholars  advance  in  the  Standax'ds. 

The  scheme  to  bo  revised,  if  necessary,  from  time  to 
time  with  the  approval  of  the  board. 

III. — Infants'  Bepa/rtment. 

The  Scripture  lessons  to  consist  of  simple  stories 
from  the  Creation,  Adam  and  Eve,  tho  Flood,  and 
23rd  Psalm  during  first  half-year.  The  early  life  of 
Christ  the  second  half-year. 

Catechism,    such    sdleotions    from    the    first    three 
chapters  as  can  be  brought  within  the  comprehension 
of  the  infant  mind.     Tho  following  are  suggested: — 
Chapter  I. — Answers  1,  2,  3,  4. 

„      II.  ,,       18,  19,  20,  21,  22,  29,  33.  37. 

.      „     III.  „      60,  64,  65,  67,  70,  71,  72,  73. 

The  Commandments  ;  the  Lord's  Prayer  ;  a  verse  or 
two  of  a  hymn  ;  a  brief  prayer  morning  and  evening. 

Finallj',  once  at  least  in  every  year  the  members  of 
the  board,  and  parents  and  friends  of  the  children  to 
bo  invited  to  attend  at  each  school  for  half-an-hour  in 
order  to  satisfy  thcmscilvcs  of  the  working  of  the  scheme, 
and  the  soundness  of  the  instruction  imparted. 


No.  43. 
HEXHAM  SCHOOL  BOARD,  NORTHUMBERLAND. 


Regulations  fok  Religious  Instkuction. 

The  books  to  bo  used  for  the  purposes  of  religious 
instruction  shall  be  the  Holy  Scriptures  in  the  autho- 
rised version,  together  with  such  other  books  as  the 
board  shall,  from  time  to  time,  after  due  notice  in 
accordance  with  the  standing  orders  in  force  for  the 
time  being,  determine ;  and  singing  and  prayer  shall 
form  a  part  of  the  opening  exercises  of  each  morning 
school,  and  of  the  closing  exercises  every  afternoon. 
The  prayers  in  Schedule  D.  shall  be  used. 

The  religions  instruction  shall  consist  of  a  graduated 
course  of  teaching  to  be  carried  on  by  the  various 
teachers  by  means  of  suitable  exercises  in  reading  or 
writing,  oral  instruction,  and  passages  uf  Scripture 
committed  to  memory. 

Commencing  on  the  Ist  (^y  of  January  1875,  tho 
instruction  to  be  given  to  the  children  during  each  year 
shall  be  on  the  basis  of  Schedule  A.* 

On  the  basis  of  Schedule  B.*  instruction  in  the  Holy 
Scriptures  shall  be  given  by  the  principal  teachers  to 
the  pupil  teachers  during  one  hour  weekly. 

An  annual  examination  of  scholars  and  pupil  teachers 
In  the  subjects  of  religious  instruction  shall  be  held  in 
each  school,  about  the  end  of  the  school  year  as  defined 
in  Article  13  of  the  New  Code,  on  a  day  or  days  to  be 

•  t.«..  The  Manchester  School  Board  Syllahus. 


especially  appointed  for  the  purpose,  and  such  exami- 
nations shall  be  conducted  by  two  or  more  examiners 
appointed  by  the  board. 

In  senior  schools  the  religious  instruction  shall  be  in 
the  morning  from  9.15  to  9.45,  and  in  the  infants'  school 
it  shall  occupy  26  minutes,  from  9.30  to  9.65  a.m. 

During  the  time  of  religious  teaching  or  religious 
observance  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  teaching 
or  observance  shall  receive  separate  instruction  in 
secular  subjects. 

Subjects  op  Instruction. 

"  In  senior  schools  the  following  subject  is  essen- 
tial :— 

"  Tho  Bible  and  such  instruction  therefrom  in  tho 
principles  of  religion  and  morality  as  is  suited 
to  the  capacities  of  children :  Provided  always,  that 
the  provisions  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act, 
1870,  in  sections  7  and  14,  be  strictly  observed, 
both  in  letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be 
made  to  attach  children  to  any  particular  denomi- 
nation." 

"  In  infants'  schools  instrnction  shall  be  given  in  the 
following  subject : — 

"  The  Bible,  and  the  principles  of  religion  and 
morality,  subject  to  the  same  proviso  as  in  the  case 
of  the  senior  schools." 


E     56387. 


3A 


370 


ELKMENTARy    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION  I 


No.  44. 
BALDEBTON  SCHOOL  BOABD,  NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 


(1.)  Regulations  pok  Religious  Instruction. 

1.  The  school  to  be  opened  in  the  morning  and  closed 
in  the  afternoon  with  prayer  according  to  form 
supplied. 

2.  An  examination  in  religious  knowledge  as  per 
syllabus  shall  be  held  by  an  inspector  shortly  before 
the  school  breaks  up  for  the  harvest  holidays  on  a  day 
specially  set  apart  for  the  purposes. 

3.  Hymns  to  be  selected  from  the  Manchester  School 
Board  Hymn  Book. 

4.  Texts  to  be  selected  from  the  following : — 
Psalms  xxxiv.  13, 14;  li.  10  ;  oxix.  18. 
Proverbs  viii.  17  ;  xv.  1,  3 ;  xvi.  16. 
Eoclesiastes  xii.  1. 

Isaiah  ix.  6. 

St.  Matthew  vi.  6 ;  vii.  21 ;  xix.  14. 
'  St.  Mark  x.  16. 


St.  Luke  xii.  32. 
St.  John  xiv.  16. 

Ephesians  vi.    1;    1st  St.  John  ii.  15;    Galatians 
vi.  2. 

5.  The  children  should  not  only  learn  to  repeat  the 
portion  assigned,  but  should  be  able  also  to  answei- 
questions  in  the  same  so  as  to  show  they  understand 
what  they  have  learnt. 

6.  Standard  II.  will  be  expected  to  write  out  the 
Lord's  Prayer  and  third  and  fifth  Commandments. 
Standards  III.  to  YI.  will  be  expected  to  answer  easy 
questions  on  paper  on  the  subject  matter  of  their 
Scripture  instruction  and  Scripture  exercises,  and  to  be 
able  to  write  out  what  they  have  learnt  by  heart. 

7.  From  9  to  9.35  a.m.  shall  be  occupied  with  prayer 
and  religious  instruction,  and  that  this  regulation  be 
strictly  adhered  to  on  all  occasions. 


2.)  Syixabus  Of  Religious  Insibuciion. 


To  learn  by  Heart. 


Scripture  InBtruction. 


Scripture  Exercises. 


Infants  and  Standard  I.   - 


Standards  II.  and  III. 


Standards  IV.  to  VI. 


Six  hymnB  from  the  Manchester 
Board  Hymn  Book ;  12  texts 
from  list  appended ;  Lord's 
Prayer ;  Fifth  Commandment. 


Eight  hymns  from  the  Manchester 
School  Board  Hymn  Book ; 
Psalms  xxiii.,  xxxii. ;  Iiord's 
Prayer ;  Creed ;  Ten  Command- 
ments ;  morning  and  evening 
prayer  for  private  use. 


Eight  hymns  from  the  Manchester 
School  Board  Hymn  Book ; 
Psalms  xxiii.,  xxxii. ;  St.  John 
XV. ;  Lord's  Prayer ;  Creed ; 
and  Ten  Commandments ;  morn- 
ing and  evening  prayer  for 
private  use. 


Creation,  Fall,  Flood,  Life  of 
Joseph,  Call  of  Samuel,  David 
slaying  Goliath,  Birth  of  Christ, 
Visit  of  Shepherds  and  Wise  Men, 
Christ's  death. 

Outline  of  Genesis,  with  a  more 
exact  knowledge  of  the  life  of 
either  Abraham,  Jacob,  or 
Joseph  ;  outline  of  St.  Matthew's 
Gospel,  with  a  special  knowledge 
of  the  birth,  death,  and  resur- 
rection of  Christ ;  and  of  six 
miracles  and  six  parables. 

Outline  of  Book  of  Exodus,  with  an 
exact  knowledge  of  the  life  of 
Moses ;  outline  of  St.  Mark's 
and  St.  Luke's  Gospels  in  alter- 
nate years,  with  accurate  know- 
ledge of  miracles  and  parables 
recorded  in  them. 


Examples  from  Holy 
Scripture  of  the  ob- 
servance or  breach  of 
the    Ten     Command- 


Proof  of  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments by  texts 
from  the  New  Testa- 
ment. 


No.  45. 
NOTTINGHAM  SCHOOL  BOARD,  NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 


(1.)  Regulations  job.  Religious  Insteuction. 

A  list  of  subjects  of  Bible  lessons  adopted  by  the 
board  is  set  forth  in  Appendix  VI.  Head  teachers 
should  not  content  themselves  with  merely  superin- 
tending the  instruction  given  by  assistants  and  senior 
pupil  teachers,  but  should  themselves  participate  in  the 
actual  teaching  of  a  standard  or  group  of  standards. 
Head  teachers  should  also  see  that  the  Bible  lessons  to 
bo  given  by  the  third  and  fourth  year  pupil  teachers 
are  in  every  case  carefully  prepared  beforehand. 

An  annual  examination  of  the  religious  instruction 
given  iu  board  schools  shall  be  held  about  the  eighth  or 
ninth  month  of  the  school  year.  The  managers  may 
recommend  a  gentleman  outside  their  own  body,  but 
the  board  shall  appoint  the  examiner  in  every  case.  It 
is  the  practice  of  the  board  to  appoint  examiners  from 
difierent  denominations  in  alternate  years. 

Instntotum  to  Pupil  Teachers  and  Monitors. 

In  addition  to  the  requirements  of  the  Government 
syllabus  of  secular  instruction,  pupil  teachers  and 
monitors  shall  bo  required  to  obtain  a  general  and 
intelligent  acquaintance  with  the  Old  and  New  Testa- 
ments, subject  to  the  same  right  of  withdrawal  as  is 
provided  for  children  in  section  7  (1)  of  the  Elemen- 
tary Education  Act  of  1870. 

The  principal  teacher  shall  give,  out  of  school  hours, 
every  week,  not  less  than  sixty  minutes  biblical  instruc- 
tion to  the  pupil  teachers  and  monitors  who  may  desire 
to  avail  themselves  of  it. 


Any  pupil  teacher  or  monitor  withdrawn  from  such 
Bible  reading  and  instruction  shall,  as  far  as  practicable, 
receive  separate  instruction  in  secular  subjects. 

An  annual  examination  iu  Biblical  subjects  of  the 
pupil  teachers  and  monitors  shall  take  place  at  tho  same 
period  of  the  year  as  the  scholars'  examination.  Pro- 
vided always  that  sections  7  and  14  of  the  Education 
Act  of  1870  shall  be  strictly  observed  with  respect  to 
pupil  teachers  and  monitors  as  well  as  scholars. 

The  regulations  of  the  London  School  Board  are  also 
regulations  of  this  board. 


(2.)    iJYLLABUS. 

Scholars. 
Infants. 

Leani  the  Lord's  Prayer  and  a  few  simple  texts. 

Scripture  biographies  used  as  the  vehicles  for  im- 
parting moral  and  religious  lessons,  viz. :  Abraham, 
Jacob,  Joseph,  Moses,  Samuel,  David,  Daniel,  Christ. 

Standaird  I. 

Learn  the  Ten  Commandments,  Exodus  xx.,  verses 
1-17  (the  substance  only  will  be  required),  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  St.  Matthew  vi.,  verses  9-13,  Psalm  xxiii. 

Brief  account  of  the  early  lives  of  Samuel  and 
David. 

Leading  facts  in  the  life  of  Christ,  told  in  simple 
language. 


APPHNDIXKS    TO    IMNAL    RRPORT. 


371 


Standard  II. 

Bepeat  the  Ten  Commandments  and  the  Lord's 
Prayer. 

Learn  St.  Matthew  v.  1-12  ;  and  St.  Matthew  xxii. 
35-40. 

The  life  of  Abraham. 

Simple  outline  of  the  life  of  Christ. 

Standard  III. 

Memory  work  as  in  Standards  I.  and  II. 

Learn  Psalm  xxxvii.  1-9. 

The  life  of  Joseph. 

Fuller  outline  of  the  life  of  Christ,  with  an  account 
of  the  following  parables  :^The  Two  Debtors ;  the  Good 
Samaritan ;  the  Prodigal  Son  ;  the  Merciless  Servant ; 
the  Lost  Sheep  ;  the  Pharisee  and  the  Publican. 

Standard  IV. 

Memory  work  as  in  Standard  III. 

Learn  Proverbs  xvi.  1-9,  11,  16,  18,  32,  and  33. 

The  life  of  Moses. 

The  life  of  Christ  (1st  part)  as  gathered  from  the 
Gospels  of  St.  Matthew  to  xiv.  36 ;  St.  Mark  to  ri.  56  ;  St. 
Luke  to  ix.  17 ;  St.  John  to  vii.  1 :  viz.,  to  Third  Passover ; 
with  an  account  of  the  following  parables : — The  Sower  ; 
the  Mustard  Seed ;  the  Wheat  and  the  Tares ;  the  Pearl 
of  Great  Price. 

Brief  account  of  Bethlehem,  Nazareth,  Sea  of 
Gulilee,  Bethany,  and  Jerusalem. 

Standard  V. 

Memory  work  as  in  Standard  IV. 
Learn  Ephesians  vi.,  verses  1-18. 
The  lives  of  Samuel,  Saul,  and  David. 
The  life  of  Christ  continued  (2nd  part),  from  Third 
Passover  to  end  of  Gospels. 
Acts  of  the  Apostles,  first  two  chapters. 

Standard  VI. 

Memory  work  as  in  Standard  V. 

Learn  Prov.  iii.  1-12,  and  Ephesians  iv.,  verses  25-32. 

The  lives  of  Elijah  and  Daniel. 

Recapitulation  of  the  life  of  Christ,  together  with 
an  account  of  His  discourses  as  given  in  St.  John, 
chapters  iii.  vi.  1-40,  and  x. ;  Acts  of  the  Apostles, 
to  chapter  viii. 

Standard  VII. 

Memory  work  as  in  Standard  VI. 

Learn  John  xiv.  15-31 . 

Recapitulation  of  the  lives  of  Abraham,  Moses, 
Samuel,  Saul,  David,  and  Daniel. 

Recapitulation  of  the  life  of  Christ,  as  in  Standard  VI. 

Acts  of  the  Apostles,  with  especial  reference  to  the 
life  and  missionary  journeys  of  St.  Paul. 

General  Instruction.  Note. — Teachers  are  desired  to 
make  the  instruction  as  practical  as  possible,  and  not 


to  give  attention  to  unnecessary  details.  In  arranging 
lessons  from  the  Old  Testament,  care  should  be  taken 
to  select  the  most  pleasing  portions  of  Scripture 
biography,  suited  to  the  capacities  of  the  scholars,  and 
(which  can  be  made)  to  serve  as  the  basis  of  high  moral 
teaching. 

An  &xaminatiou  will  be  held  about  the  eighth  or 
ninth  month  of  each  school  year,  and  the  results  will 
be  published.  Examiners  will  be  requested  to  attach 
more  importance  to  the  success  with  which  cardinal 
moral  truths  have  been  imparted  than  to  mere  memory 
work. 

Candidates  and  Pupil  Teachers. 

The  pupil  teachers  Scripture  course  should  afford  a 
general  acquaintance  with  the  Old  and  New  Testa- 
nxents,  with  especial  reference  to  those  portions,  capable 
of  conveying  high  moral  lessons,  included  in  the 
syllabus  for  scholars.  In  the  second  and  following 
years  the  previous  course  should  be  shortly  recapitufated, 
and  the  new  work  taught  in  fuller  detail. 

This  course  should  include  not  merely  a  general  out- 
lino  of  the  history  and  literature  of  the  different  periods, 
as  contained  in  the  Bible,  but  special  attention  should 
bo  givjn  to  drawing  out  and  enforcing  the  lessons  on 
morality  and  religion  educible  therefrom,  and  to  the 
manner  in  which  these  truths  can  be  best  impressed 
upon  scholars. 

Candidates. 

Candidates  will  take  the  course  appointed  for  Stan- 
dard VH. 

Pwpil  Teachers. 
First  Tear. 

Study  of  the  Old  Testament  to  the  death  of  Moses. 
Study  of  the  Gospels  down  to  the  Third  Passover. 

Second  Tear. 

Study  of  the  Old  Testament  to  the  death  of  Saul. 
Study  of  the  Four  Gospels. 

Third  Tear. 

Study  of  the  Old  Testament  to  the  division  of  the 
kingdom  after  the  death  of  Solomon,  with  a  general 
knowledge  of  the  Books  of  Psalms  and  Proverbs.  Study 
of  the  New  Testament  to  the  close  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 

Fourth  Tear. 

General  study  of  the  Old  Testament.  Study  of  the 
New  Testament  to  the  close  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles, 
together  with  some  knowledge  of  the  Epistles. 

Time  ami  Place  of  Instruction. 
A  collective  examination  will  be  held  by  the  board 
inspector  about  November  or  December;    the  results 
will  be  published. 


No.  46. 
SHRBWSBURT  SCHOOL  BOARD,  SHROPSHIRE. 


(1.)  Regulations  for  Religious  Instruction. 

1.  The  religious  instruction  in  the  board  schools 
.shall  be  given  immediately  after  the  calling  of  the  roll 
at  9  o'clock,  and  shall  be  continued  till  9.50,  when 
the  roll  shall  be  again  called,  and  the  children  who 
answer  to  the  second  call  and  the  children  then  absent 
shall  be  distinguished  by  their  proper  mark,  and  the 
register  closed. 

2.  After  the  first  call  a  hymn  shall  be  sung,  followed 
by  prayer.  The  hymns  and  prayers  arc  to  be  selected 
by  the  teacher  from  a  list  authorised  by  the  board. 

3.  The  Manchester  Book  of  Hymns  and  Moral  Songs 
shall  be  adopted  by  the  Shrewsbury  Board. 

4  The  afternoon  school  shall  be  opened  in  like 
manner,  the  roll  having  been  called  at  1.30.  After 
prayer  the  roll  shall  be  called  a  second  time  and 
completed. 

The  afternoon  school  shall  be  closed  by  a  hymn 
followed  by  prayer. 

5.  In  the  religious  instruction  the  Bible  shall  be  read, 
and  such  lessons  in  faith  and  morality  drawn  there- 
from, and  such  explanations  given  as  are  suited  to  the 
capacities  of  the  children,  provided  that  section  14  of 
the  Elementary  Education  Act  (1870)  be  observed  in 
letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be  made  to  attach 
children  to  any  particular  denomination. 

6.  During    the    time    of    religions    instruction    all 

3A 


children  whose  parents  have  desired  it  shall  be  with- 
drawn, and  shall  receive  separate  lessons  in  secular 
subjects. 

7.  In  the  Ditherington  School  it  shall  suffice  to  use 
the  Elementary  Scripture  Lessons  taken  from  the  text 
of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  printed  by  the  Sunday 
School  Institute. 

8.  The  children  shall  commit  to  memory,  according 
to  their  Standards,  the  Lords  Prayer,  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments, the  Apostles'  Creed,  selected  texts  from 
Holy  Scripture,  a  prayer  for  private  use,  and  such 
hymns  from  the  aiithorised  book  as  the  teacher  may 
select.  It  is  left  to  the  teacher  to  fix  the  Standards  to 
be  included  in  each  instruction. 

(2.)  Stllabus  of  Religious  Instruction  in  Elekenxabt 
Schools  adopted  by  the  Board  preparatory  to  the 
Inspectors'  Visits.  These  Visits  will .(DiT.)'! take 
place  in  December  1888.  ■  ,   loim  '^   i,|T 

It  is  suggested  that  the  children  above  seven  years 
old  be  presented  in  three  groups  as  follows : — 

Lower    Division,    oorresponding    with    Standards 

L,n. 

Middle   Division,   oorresponding   with    Standards 

in.,  IV. 
Upper  Division,   oorresponding    with    Standards 
v.,  VL 

2 


372 


EliBMBNTABT    EDUOATIOK    AOTS     COMMISSION  : 


Infants  nnrl^.r  Seven. 

Should  be  taught  some  account  of  the  Creation,  the 
Fall,  the  Flood;  one  life;  the  birth  and  death  of  our 
Lord;  the  Creed,  Lord's  Prayer,  Ten  Commandments, 
and  some  simple  hymns.  Some  of  the  following  may 
be  learnt  by  heart,  viz. :  1  Samuel  iii.  1-10;  Psalm  c, 
oxxi.  ;  St.  Mark  i.  9-13  and  32-35;  ix.  33-37;  x.  13-16. 

Lower  Division. 

Old  Testament. — Creation;  Fall;  Flood;  History  of 
Patriarchs  and  of  Samuel.  (Genesis  i.-iv. ;  vi.-ix.  19  ; 
xii.-xxxiii. ;  xxxv. ;  xxxrii.  1  ;  1  Samuel  i.-xxv.) 

New  Testament. — Our  Lord's  birth,  infancy,  baptism, 
and  temptation  ;  his  pa3sion,'crucifixion,  resurrection, 
and  ascension. 

The  Apostles'  Creed,  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Ten 
Commandments. 


Old 
1  Samuel 


Middle  Division. 
Testament. — Joshua,      Judges, 


Ruth,      and 


New  Testament. — The  G-ospel  according  to  St.  Mark. 

The  Apostles'  Creed,  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Ton  Com- 
mandments. 


Upper  Dvoision. 

Old  Testament. — Joshua,  Judges,  Euth,  and 
1  Samuel. 

New  Testament. — The  Gospel  according  to  St.  Mark, 
and  Acts  i.-xii. 

The  Apostles'  Creed,-  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Ten  Com- 
mandments. 


All  children  should  be  taught  private  prayer. 

The  children  should  be  able  to  repeat  intelligently 

selected  passages  of  Scripture. 

The  following  are  suggested  for  selection : — 
Joshua  xxiv.  1-28 ;  1  Samuel  ii.  1-11 ;  Psalm  Ixxxiii., 

cxiv ;  St.  Mark  iv.  1-34  ;  viii.  1-21. 


No.  47. 
WELLINGTON  SCHOOL  BOARD,   SHROPSHIRE. 


SrtLiBUs  OF  Religiods  Instruction. 
Old  Testament. 

The  Creation.     (Gen.  i.  and  ii.) 

The  Fall.    (Gen.  iii.) 

The  Story  of  Cain  and  Abel.     (Gen.  iv.) 

The  Life  of  Noah,  and  the  Story  of  the  Ark. 
(Gen.  vi.,  vii.,  viii.,  and  ix.) 

The  History  of  Abraham.     (Gen.  xii.  to  xxiv.) 

Life  of  Isaac.     (Gen.  xxvii.,  xxviii.,  xxxii.) 

Joseph  and  His  Brethren.  ((Jen.  xxxvii.,  xl.  to  xlv., 
ilvii.  to  1.) 

The  Infancy  of  Moses.     (Ex.  ii.) 

Moses  before  Pharaoh— The  Ten  Plagues.  (Ex.  iii. 
to  v.,  vii.  to  xii.) 

The  Exodus.     (Ex.  xiii.) 

The  Journey  through  the  Wilderness.    (Ex.  xiv.  to  xx.) 

At  Mount  Sinai.     (Ex.  xxiv.  and  xxxii.) 

Moses  Smiting  the  Rock.     (Numb,  xx.) 

Balaam's  Prophecy.     (Numb,  xxiv.) 

The  Song  of  Moses.     (Deut.  xxxii.) 

The  Death  of  Moses.     (Deut.  xxxiv.) 

The  Subjugation  of  Canaan  by  Joshua.     (.losh.  i.  to  xi.) 

Life  of  Gideon.     (Judges  vi.,  vii.,  and  viii.) 

Samson  at  Gaza— His  Death.     (Judges  xvi.) 

The  Story  of  Ruth.     (Ruth  i.  to  iv.) 

Samuel  in  the  Temple.     (1  Sam.  iii.) 

Portions  of  Life  of  Saul.  (1  Sam.  ix.,  x.,  xv.,  xvi., 
xvii.)  

Portions  of  Life  of  David.     (2  Sam.  vi.,  xviu.,  xxiii., 

1-7) 

Elijah,     (xvii.,  xviii.,  xix..  Kings  1.) 

Elijah's  Translation.  (2  Kings  ii.) 

Blisha.     (2  Kings  iv.,  v.,  vi.) 

Psalms,  (i.,  iv.,  viii..  xi.,  xiv.,  xvi.,  xix.,  ^i..  xxiu., 
xxiv.,  XXV.,  xxvii.,  xxxii.,  xxxiv.,  xii.,  xHi.,  xlviii.,  Ii., 
Ivii.,  xcv.  to  civ.,  cxi.  to  cxv.,  cxxxiii.,  cxxxvii.,  cl.) 

Proverbs,     (ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  vi.,  x.,  xv.,  xxvii.,  xxviii.) 

The  Words  of  the  Preacher.     (Eccles.  v.,  vii.,  xii.) 

Prophecies  of  Isaiah.  Isaiah  xi.,  xxxv.,  xl.,  Iii., 
liii.,  Iv.) 

Daniel  the  Prophet.     (Dan.  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  iv.,  v.,  vi.) 

A  Prophecy  of  Joel.     (Joel  ii.) 

The  Story  of  Jonah.    (Jonah  i.  to  iv.) 

Malachi.    (Mai.  iii.  and  iv.) 

Neu)  Testament. 
The  Inftincy  of  Onr  Lord.    (Matthew  ii. ;  Luke  i. 
and  ii.) 
The  Baptism  of  Christ.    (Matthew  iii.) 
Jesus  in  the  Temple.     (St.  Luke  ii.) 
The  Sermon  on  the  Mount.    (St.  Matthew  v.  to  vii.) 

The  Miracles  of  Christ : 
The  raising  of  Jariufl'  Daughter.    (St.  Matthew  ix.) 
Pour  thousand  fed.    (St.  Mittthew  xv.  32-39.) 


Christ  walking  on  the  sea.     (St.  Mark  vi.  31-6fi.) 
Miraculous  draught  of  fishes.     (St.  Luke  v.  1-11.) 
Five  thousand  fed.     (St.  John  vi.  5-14.) 
Raising  of  Lazarus.     (St.  John  xi.  1-46.) 
Raising  of  the  Widow's  Son.     (St.  Luke  vii.  11-16.) 

The  Parables  of  Christ : 

The  parables  of  Sower,  Tares,  Mustard  Seed,  the 
Pearl.     (St.  Matthew  xiii.) 

The  Ten  Virgins,  the  Talents.  (St.  Matthew  xxv. 
1-30.) 

The  Great  Supper.     (St.  Luke  xiv.  15-24.) 

The  Lost  Sheep,  Lost  Piece  of  Silver.  (St.  Luke  xv. 
1-10.) 

The  Prodigal  Son.     (St.  Luke  xv.  10-32.) 

The  Transfiguration  of  Christ.     (St.  Mark  ix.  1-10.) 
Young   Children  brought  to   Christ.     (St.  Mark   x. 

13-16.) 

Description  of  the  Last  Judgment.     (St.  Matthew  xxv. 

31-46.) 

Christ's    triumphal     entry     into     Jerusalem.       (St. 

Matthew  xxi.  1-13.) 

Jesus  weeps  over  Jerusalem.     (St.  Luke  xix.  41-48.) 
The  Conspiracy  against  Christ.     (St.  Matthew  xxvi. 

1-16.) 

The  Passover.     (St.  Matthew  xxvi.  17-35.) 

The    agony    in    the    Garden.     (St.    Matthew    xxvi. 

36-46.) 
The  betrayal.     (St.  Matthew  xxvi.  47-56.) 
Peter  denies  Christ.     (St.  Matthew  xxvi.  69-75.) 
The  Crucifixion.     (St.  Matthew  xxvii.) 
The  first  Easter  Day.     (St.  Mark  xvi.  1-8.) 
The  descent  of  the  Holy  Ghost.    (Acts  ii.  1-11.) 
Ananias  and  Sapphira.     (Acts  v.  1-11.) 
The  first  Martyr  after  Christ.     (Acts  vii.  54-60.) 
Philip  and  the  Eunuch.     (Acts  x.  26-40.) 
Conversion  of  Saul.     (Acts  ix.  1-22.) 
The  Vision  of  Cornelius.     (Acts  x.) 
The  conversion  of  Lydia.     (Acts  xvi.  14-18.) 
Paul   and   Silas  delivered   from  Prison.     (Acts  xvi. 

19-39.) 

Paul  on  Mars  Hill.     (Acts  xvii.  22-34.) 

Charity.     (1  Cor.  xiii.) 

The  Duty  of  Children.     (Ephegians  vi.  1-9.) 

The  Christian  Soldier.     (Ephesians  vi.  9-24.) 

Exhortation  to  bridle  the  tongue.     (James  iii.) 

The  heavenly  inheritance.     (1  Peter  i.) , 

The  certainty  of  the  last  day.     (2  Peter  iii.) 

The  Worship  of  (Jod,   by  the  Angels  of  Heaven. 

(Rev.  iv.) 

The  new  song  of  Heaven.     (Rev.  v.) 

The  song  of  the  redeemed  in  Heaven.      (Rev.  yu. 

9-17.) 
On  the  Mount  Sion.     (Rev.  xiv.  1-13.) 
The  New  Jerusalem.    (Rev.  xxi.) 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


373 


No.  48. 

CHEW  MAGNA  SCHOOL  BOAED,   SOMERSETSHIRE. 

Syllabus  of  Religious  Instbuctiok,  1888. 

Infants,  and  Standard  I.—Oroup  I. 

New  Testament. 
Study. 
Our  Lord's  Birth,  Infancy,  and  Baptism.     St.  Lake 


Old  Testament. 

Study. 

The  Creation.— Gen.  i.,  ii.     The  Fall.— Gen.  iii. 
Cain  and  Abel. — Gen.  iv.     The  Flood. — Gen.  vi.-ix. 
Call  of  Abraham.    Principal  incidents  in  life  of  Isaac. 


ExoduB  XX.  1-17. 
cxxxix.  1-4. 


Memory. 
Psalm  xxiii. 


Standard  I. — Psalm 


1.,  11.,  111. 

Visit  of  the  Magi.     St.  Matt.  ii. 
Temptation.     St.  Matt.  iv. 
Trial,  Crucifixion,  Resurrection, 

Memory. 

St.  Matt.  vi.  9-13.     St.  Mark  x.  13-16. 
Standard  I.— St.  Matt.  v.  1-12. 


Standards  II.  and  III. — Choup  U. 


Study. 


Life  of  Jacob. 

History  of  Joseph.     Gen.  ixxvii.,  xl.,  xlv. 
Israel  in  Egypt ;  Bondage ;  Ten  Plagues ;  Deliverance  ; 
Passage  Red  Sea.     Exodus  ii.,  xiv. 
The  Manna.     Exodus  xvi. 
Giving  of  Law.     Exodus  x.  1-23. 
Aaron. 


Memory. 

Exodus  XX.  1-17 ;   XV.  1-13. 

Gen.  iii.  15;   xii.  1-3;   xxii.  16,  17;   xxviii.  13,  14. 

Psalm  oiii. 


Stady. 

Our  Lord's  Birth,  Infancy,  Baptism,  and  Temptation. 
Luke  i.-iv. 

Parables  and  Miracles  recorded  by  St.  Luke. 
Chapters  v.-xv. 

Night  before  Crucifixion,  Lord's  Supper.     Luke  xxii. 

Jesus  before  Pilate,  Crucifixion.     Luke  xxiii. 

Resurrection,  Appearance  to  Disciples,  and  Ascension. 
Luke  xxiv. 

Memory. 

St.  Matt.  ii.  1-12;   V.  1-12 ;   vi.  6-15. 
St.  Luke  XV.  3-7. 
St.  Matt,  xviii.  23-36. 


Standards  IV.,  V.,  and  VI. — Orowp  ELI. 


►  Exodus  xxxii.,  xxxiv. 


Study. 

Same  as  Group  II.,  and  in  addition  :- 
Life  of  Moses. 
The  Sin  of  Golden  Calf  \-| 
Moses  on  Mount  J 

Searching  the  Land.    Num.  xiii.,  xiv. 
Rebellion  of  Korah,  &c.     Num.  xvi. 
Aaron's  Rod.     Num.  xvii. 
Fiery  serpents  and    brazen  serpents. 

4-9. 

History  of  Balaam.    Num.  xxii.-xxiv. 
Promises  to  obedience.     Dent.  xxx. 
Life  of  Joshua.     Joshua  xxiv. 

Memory. 

Same  as  Group  II.,  and  in  addition  : — 
Isaiah  Uii ;  Psalms  xv.,  xlvi.,  cxxxix;   Dent,  xviii. 
15-18. 


Num.   xxi. 


Study. 


Same  as  Group  II.,  and  in  addition : — 
Parables  and  Miracles  of  our  Lord. 
Sermon  on  the  Mount. 
Ascension.     Acts  i.  1-11. 
Stephen's  Speech.     Acts  vii. 
Conversion  of  Saul.     Acts  ix.  1-31. 
St.  Paul's  first  Apostolic  Journey.     Acts  xiii.,  xiv. 


Memory. 

Same  as  Group  II.,  with  Luke  xv.  11-24, 
Romans  xii.  9-21.     1  Cor.  xv.  1-8. 
Acts  viiL  30-35.    St.  Luke  x.  25-37. 


3A  3 


374 


ELEMENTABT   EDUCATION    ACTS   OOMMTSSION 


No.  49. 

BATH  AND  WELLS  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS 

POB  THE  Yeab  ending  Apeil  30ih,  1889. 

N.B. — Children  up  to  seven  years  of  age  are  to  be  taught  orally  some  account  of  the  Creation,  the  Fall,  Cain 
and  Abel,  the  Flood,  and  the  Call  of  Abraham  ;  or  any  Scripture  biographies,  as  of  Joseph,  Moses,  Samuel, 
David,  and  Daniel ,  and  the  leading  facts  of  our  Lord's  Life,  Death,  and  Resurrection  ;  with  simple  hymns,  texts, 
and  private  prayers,  the  Lord's  Prayer,  and  the  Creed,  to  be  learned  by  heart.  The  use  of  pictures  is  recom- 
mended in  the  instruction  of  infants. 


For  children  on  the  average  from  about     - 

. 

- 

7  to  8i*  years. 

8^  to  10  years. 

10  to  12  years. 

Division — Corresponding  with  prizn  scheme           -            -          ,- 

— 

A 

A  and  B. 

Groups       ..----..- 

I 

2 

3 

Subject 

As  contained  in 

Group. 

Group. 

Group. 

Old  Testament. 

'.  i  but'  Ji  Klr»nii«ix 

fc 

The  Passover    -            -            -            -            - 

Exodus  xii. 

• 

1 

2 

3 

The  Passage  of  the  Red  Sea      - 

„      xiii.  17,  xiv.     - 

. 

1 

2 

3 

The  Giving  of  the  Law             .... 

„      xix.jxx. 

. 

1 

2 

3       ,1 

The  Sin  of  the  Golden  Calf       .... 

„      xxxii.-xxxiv.  - 

_ 



2 

3 

The  Manna        -             .             -             .             . 

„       xvi.      - 

. 



2 

3 

The  Searching  of  the  Land       .            -            . 

Numbers  xiii.  17,  xiv.  - 

_ 





3 

The  Rebellion  of  Korah 

„        xvi.     - 

_ 





3 

Aaron's  Rod      -             .             -             .             . 

xvii.    - 

. 





3 

The  History  of  Balaam 

„         xxii.-xxiv.      - 

. 



\ 

3 

The  Exhortation  to  Obey          .            -            . 

Deuteronomy  vi.* 

_ 





3 

The  Promises  to  Obedience        r            -            - 

„                   XXX. 

- 



_ 

3 

Hebrews  xi.  23-40* 

- 

— 

2 

3 

New  Ttstament. 

Our  Lord's  Birth  and  Infancy  -            -            - 

St.  Luke  i.,  ii.  - 

_ 

1 

2 

3 

Baptism       .            -            -            - 

„         iii.  1-23 

• 

— 

2 

3 

Temptation  .... 

„          Iv.  1-15 

- 



2 

3 

Parables  of^ 

The  Good  Samaritan              ... 

X.  25-37 

-J 

2 

The  Lost   Sheep,  the  Piece   of  Silver,   the 

XV.* 

3 

Prodigal  Son. 

Some  or  all  of  the  Miracles  in  - 

„         iv.,  v.,  vi.,vii.,  viii. 

ix. 

— 

2 

3 

The  Transfiguration      -            .            -            - 

„          ix.  28-42 

. 



— 

3 

The  Institution  of  the  Sacrament  of  the  Lord's 

„          xxii.  1-23 

. 



2 

3 

Supper. 

The  Agony  and  Betrayal,  &c.   - 

„         xxii.  24-71     - 

- 

— 

— 

3 

Jesus  before  Pilate        -             -             -           -  \ 
The  Cruciiixion,  &c.      -             -             -           -  J 

xxiii. 

- 

1 

2 

3 

The  Resurrection           .... 

„          xxiv. 

- 

1 

2 

;! 

The  Ministry  of  Philip  and  the  Laying    on  of 

Acts  viii. 

_^ 

Hands. 

The  Conversion  of  Saul 

„     ix. 

f 

I 

V.     .uifo.:' 

>.  /.T^'*:. 

First  Apostolical  Journey 

„     xiii.,  xiv.  - 

-J 

Second  Apostolical  Journey 

„     xvi.-xviii.  1-22   - 

— 

— 

3 

Church  Catechism. 

The  Creed,  Lord's  Prayer,  Ten  Commandments     .... 

- 

1 

2 

3 

To  be  learned  by  heart. 

Hymns,  private  prayers,  texts,  &c.             -            .            .           .            . 

• 

1 

2 

3 

Portions  of  selected  chapters  marked,*  &c.             -             .             -             . 

-1 
-J 

Collects  for  Sundays,  Canticles  of  Evening  Prayer,  &c.     -             .            - 

2 

3 

Group  IV. 

Corresponding  with  Divisions  C  and  D  in  Prize  Scheme, 
including  monitors  under  14  years  of  age. 

The  Gospel  according  to  St.  Luke. 

The  History  of  the  Church  from  the  beginning  of  St.  Paul's 
First  to  the  end  of  his  Third  Apostolical  Journey;  as  con- 
tained in  Acts  xiii.-xxi.  17. 

The  parts  of  Exodus,  Numbers,  and  Deuteronomy,  assigned  to 
the  Groups  below  Group  IV.,  with  the  addition  of — 


The  beginning  of  the  Conquest  of  Canaan  ;  the  History  of 
Deborah,  Barak,  Gideon,  and  Samson ;  as  contained  in 
Joshua  i.-vi.;  Judges  iv.-viii. ;  ,xiii.-xvi. 

The  Order  of  Evening  Prayer,  and  the  Litany ;  general 
knowledge. 

The  types  and  prophecies  found  in  the  selected  portions 
of  Scripture  and  their  fulfilment. 

Hymns,  private  prayers,  collects,  and  portions  of  Scrip- 
ture, to  be  learned  by  heart. 


P     / 


APPMNDIXES   TO   FINAL   KEPOBT. 


376 


No.  50. 
STOKE-TJPON-TRBNT  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOARD,  STAFFORDSHIRE. 


1.    REGUI.ATI0K8  JOB   ReUGIOUS    InSTBUCTION. 

Religious  irttruction  is  given  iu  the  schoois  tiiider 
the  manngement  of  the  heard,  according  to  the  follow- 
ing minute  adopted  Deccmher  20th,  1871. 

"  That  in  all  schools  provided  by  the  Stoke-apon- 
Trent  School  Board. 

(a.)  The  Bible  shall  be  read  and  such  lessons  in 
religion  and  morality  given  therefrom  as  are  suited  to 
the  capacities  of  the  children,  provided  that  section  14 
of  the  Education  Act  (1870)  be  observed  in  letter  and 
spirit,   that  no  denominational  bias  be   given  to  the 


teaching,    and    that    no  attempt  be  made  to    attach 
children  to  any  particular  denomination. 

(b.)  During  the  time  of  religious  teaching,  or  religious 
obsei'vance,  all  children,  whose  parents  have  desired  it, 
shall  be  withdrawn,  and  shall  receive  separate  instruc- 
tion in  secular  subjects. 

(c.)  Hymns  may  be  used  and  prayers  read  iu  the 
schools,  as  approved  by  the  board ;  but  in  the  use  of 
hymns  and  reading  of  prayers  the  provisions  of  the  Act 
in  sections  7  and  14  shall  be  strictly  observed. 

(d.)  The  Bible  lesson  shall  be  given  only  by  the 
responsible  teachers  of  the  schools." 


2.  Syllabus  or  Religiods  Instbuction. 
(a.)  lor  Seholare. 


Old  Testament 


New  Testament. 


Repetition. 


Infants 


Lower  Uivison. 

Standards  1.  &  II. 

(a.)  1885. 

(6.)   1886. 

and  so  ou. 


Adam  and  Eve ;  Cain  and  Abel ; 
Noah ;  Isaac's  Sacrifice ; 
Joseph  and  hie  Brethren ; 
Birth  and  Childhood  of 
Samnel ;  Encounter  of  David 
and  Goliath. 

(a.)  Lives  of  Noah.  Abraham, 

Isaac,  and  Jacob. 
(6.)  Life    of   .Toseph ;    descent 

into    Egypt ;  Moses    and  the 

Exodus. 


Middle  Division. 

Standards  III.  &  IV. 

(o.)  1885. 

(6.)  1886. 

and  so  on. 


Upper  Division. 

Standards  V.,  VI., 

and  VII. 

(rt.)  1885. 

(6.)   1886. 

and  so  on. 


(o.)  Leading  incidents  in  the 
wanderings. — Life  of  Joshua, 
and  tiettlcment  in  Canaan ; 
Gideon  and  Samson. 

(6.)  Main  facts  in  histories  of 
Eli,  Samue),  and  Saul. 


(a.)  Main  &cts  in  histories    of 

David,  Solomon,  and  division 

of  kingdom. 
(6.)  Main   facts    in   histories  of 

Ahab,     and     Elijah,     Elisha, 

Daniel,  and  Jonah. 


Birth,  Infancy,  Death,  Resurrec- 
tion, and  Ascension  of  Jesus 
Christ. 


(a.)  Outlines  of  our  Lord's  life. 
Parables. — The  Good  Samari- 
tan, and  the  Unmerciful  Ser- 
vant. Miracles. — The  Raising 
of  the  Widow's  Son,  the  Feed- 
ing of  the  Five  Thousand. 

(6.)  Outlines  of  our  Lord's  life. 
Parables.  —  The  Sower,  the 
Prodigal  Son.  Miracles. — The 
Raising  of  Jairus'  Daughter, 
the  first  Miraculous  Draught 
of  Fishes. 


(a.)  More  particular  knowledge 
of  our  Lord's  life.  Parables. — 
The  Tares,  and  the  Importunate 
Widow.  Miracles. — The  Heal- 
ing of  the  Sick  of  the  Palsy, 
BUnd  Bartimseus. 

(i.)  More  particular  knowledge 
of  our  Lord's  life.  Parables. 
— The  Talents,  the  Marriage  of 
the  King's  Son.  Miracles. — 
The  Healing  of  the  Syropheni- 
cian  Woman's  Daughter,  and 
the  Raising  of  Lazarus. 


(o.)  Knowledge  of   our  Lord's 

life  and  teaching.  Actsi.-xii., 

inclusive. 
(6.)  Knowledge  of    our    Lord's 

life  and   teaching.     Acts  xiii. 

to  end. 


The  Lord's  Prayer,  fifteen 
verses  of  Scripture,  (striking 
texts),  selected  by  head  teacher ; 
four  hymns,  and  two  moral, 
songs. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Com- 
mandments ;  twenty  verses  of 
Scripture  (striking  texts),  selec- 
ted by  head  teacher ;  four 
hymns  and  two  moral  songs. 


The  Commandments  with  cx- 
amples/rom  Scripture  of  breach 
and  observance ;  thirty  verses 
of  Scripture  (consecutive*) ; 
four  hymns  and  two  moral 
songs. 


The  Commandments  with  ex- 
amples from  Scripture  of  breach 
and  observance  ;  forty  verses 
of  Scripture  (conseci\tive*) ; 
four  hymns  and  two  moral 
songs. 


•  The  following  are  suggested  as  suitable  passages  for  repetition: — Psalms  i.,  viii.,  xxiii., li.,  ciii ;  Prov.   ii.   1-15,  iii.  1-20, 
iii.  12-30 ;  Is.  liii. ;  St.  Matt,  v.,  vi.,  vii. ;  St.  Luke  xv. ;  St.  John  xii.  1-17,  xiv.,  xv.,  xvi.,  xvii. ;  1  Cor.  xiii. 
Hymns  and  moral  songs  as  used  by  the  Manchester  Board. 

(6.)  For  the  Pv/pU  Teaehem. 


1885. 


1886. 


1887. 


1888. 


Old  Testament. — From  the 
Creation  to  the  death  of 
Moses,  with  the  tj-pes  and 
prophecies  of  Christ  in  the 
books  of  Moses. 

New  Testament.  —  St.  Mat- 
thew. 


Old  Testament. — ^Commenc- 
ing witli  leadership  of 
Joshua  to  the  death  of 
David,  with  the  types  and 
prophecies  of  Christ  occur- 
ing  iu  it. 
New  Testament. — St.  %[iirk. 


Old  Testament. — From  acces- 
sion of  Solomon  to  the 
death  of  Hezekiafa,  with  the 
types  and  prophecies  of 
Christ  occurring  in  it. 

New  Testament. — St.  Luke 
and  Acts  i.-xii. 


Old  Testament. — The  Captivity 
to  the  end  of  Nehemiah, 
and  historical  parts  of  Daniel, 
with  types  aud  i)rophecies  of 
Christ  occurring  in  it. 

New  Testjimcnt. — St.  John 
aud  Acts  xiii.  to  end. 


Two  sets  of  papers  will  bo  set,  one  for  the  pnpil  teachers  of  years  I.  and  II.,  and  one  for  the  pupil  teachers  of 
years  III.  and  IV. 

The  annual  examination  will  take  place  in  the  first  week  in  December. 


3A  4 


376 


ELEMKNTARY   EDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION: 


No.  51. 
WALSALL  SCHOOL  BOAED,  STAFFORDSHIRE. 


1.  Regulations    fok 

BxAMnJATION. 

2.  Syllabus. 


Religious     Instruction    and 


In  accordance  with  the  general  practice  of  existing 
elementary  schools,  provision  may  be  made  for  offering 
prayer  and  using  hymns  in  schools  provided  by  the 
board,  at  the  "time  or  times"  when  according  to 
sccrion  7,  sub-section  2,  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Act,  "  religious  observances"  may  be  "  practised." 

In  all  schools  provided  by  the  board  the  Bible  shall 
be  read  daily  by  or  to  the  children  (hy  the  children  in 
Standard  III.  and  upwards,  and  to  the  children  in 
Standards  1.  and  II.),  and  there  shall  be  given  there- 
from by  the  principal  teacher,  and  also  (subject  to  the 
approval  of  the  several  school  committees)  by  the 
assistant  teachers  under  his  (or  her)  supervision,  such 
explanations  and  instruction  in  the  principles  of  reli- 
gion and  morality  as  are  suited  to  the  capacities  of  the 
children. 

(a.)  Instruction  shall  be  given  to  the  children  during 
each  year  in  accordance  with  Schedule  "  A." 

(6.)  The  hymn-book  known  as  the  "  Walsall  School 
Board  Hymn  Book "  shall  be  used  in  the  several 
schools  under  the  board. 

(c.)  The  Lord's  Prayer  shall  be  used  daily  at  the 
opening  and  closing  of  the  several  schools. 

(d.)  JPiipil  teachers  shall  receive  from  the  principal 
teachers  instruction  in  the  Holy  Scripture  during  one 
hour  weekly  in  accordance  with  Schedule  "  B." 


(e.)  In  order  to  ensure  and  encourage  the  religious 
instruction  being  given  in  accorddnce  with  the  above 
regulations,  an  annual  examination  of  pupil  teachers 
and  scholars  shall  be  held,  and  snch  examiuation  shall 
take  place  in  each  school  on  a  daj'  specially  appointed 
for  the  purpose,  such  day  to  be  not  less  than  four  and 
not  more  than  six  months  after  the  Government  exami« 
nation. 

(/.)  The  examination  in  religions  instruction  shall  be 
conducted  by  the  examiner  or  examiners  appointed  by 
the  board. 

Provided  always — 

1.  That  in  such  Bible  reading  and  instruction,  and 

in  the  use  of  any  prayers  or  hymns,  the  pro- 
visions of  the  Elementary  Education  Act, 
in  sections  7  and  14,  be  strictly  observed,  both 
in  letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be 
made  in  any  such  school^  to  attach  children  to 
any  particular  denomination. 

2.  That  with  regard  to  any' particular  school,  the 

board  shall  consider  and  determine  upon  any 
application   by  managers,    parents,    or    rate- 
payers of  the  district,  who  may  show  special 
cause   for   exception   of  the   school  from   the 
operation  of  this  resolution,  in   whole   or  in 
part. 
During  the  time  of  Bible  reading,  prayer,  or  singing 
of  hymns  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  reading  or 
observance  shall  receive  separate   instruction  in  secular 
subjects. 


Schedule  A. — Plan  of  Religious  Instruction  during  each  Tear  for  the  Scholars  in  the  Board  Schools. 


To  leam  hj  Heiurt. 


Scripture  Instruction. 


Scripture  Exercises, 


f  i  Six  hymns  in  the  School  Board  Hymn 
I  '  Book,  at  the  discretion  of  the  teacher. 
Infants.  •{  i  The  Alphabet  of  Texts,  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  the  Fifth  Command- 
ment. 


Standard  I.- 


Standards    J 
II.  and  III.   "} 


Standakds 
IV.,  v.,  and  ■{ 
VI. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Command- 
ments ;  four  of  the  following  Psalms : 
1,  4,  8,  15,  19,  23,  25,  32,  34,  51, 
84,  91,  103,  104,  107,  119  (any  sec- 
tion, at  the  discretion  of  the  teacher), 
121,  130,  139,  147,  and  four  parables 
from  the  Gospel  of  St.  Luke. 

The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Command- 
ments, and  six  of  the  above  Psalms, 
and — 

St.  John  XV.,  or 

1  Cor.  xiii.,  or 

Kph.  vi. 


Outline  of  the  life  of  Joseph. 
Outline  of  the  life  of  our  Lord. 


Outline  of  the  Book  of  Genesis,  with  a 
more  exact  knowledge  of  the  life  of 
(n)  Abraham,  (6)  Jacob,  or  (c) 
Joseph. 

Outline  of  our  Lord's  History. 

Outline  of  the  Book  of  Exodus,  with  an 
exact  knowledge  of  the  life  of  Moses. 

Outline  of  St.  Luke's  Gospel,  with  accu- 
rate knowledge  of  the  miracles  and 
parables  recorded  in  this  gospel. 


Outline  of  Old  Testament  history,  and 
each  year  two  of  the  following  books : 
Joshua  and  Judges,  Samuel  I.  and  II., 
Kings  I.  and  II.,  with  special  refer- 
ence to  the  biographies  contained  in 
them. 

Outline  of  New  Testament  history,  and 
each  year  one  of  the  following  portions 
of  Holy  Scripture :  The  Gospel  of 
St.  John,  Acts  i.-xiii.,  and  Acts  xiv.- 
xxviii. 


Examples  from  Holy  Scrip- 
tures of  the  observance 
or  breach  of  the  Ten 
Commandments. 


Proof  of  the  Ten  Command- 
ments, by  texts,  from  the 
New  Testament. 


The  petitions  of  the  Lord's 
Prayer  exemplified  by 
other  passages  of  Holy 
Scripture. 


Schedule  B. — Plan  of  Religious  Instruction  for  the  Pupil  Teachers  in  the  Board  Schools. 


First  Tear. 


Second  Year. 


Third  Year. 


Pourth  Year. 


Fift'i  Year. 


Old  Testament  history, 
from  the  Creation  to 
the  death  of  Moses. 


Old  Testament  history, 
to  the  death  of  King 
David. 


New     Testament. — The  :  New   Testament.^  The 
Gospel  of  St.  Matthew        Gospel  of  St.  Luke. 
or  St.  Mark. 


Old  Testament  history, 
to  the  death  of  Heze- 
kiah. 

New  Testament. — The 
Gospel  of  St,  John. 


Old  Testament  history, 
to  the  end  of  the 
Book  of  Nehemiah. 

New  Testament. — The 
first  thirteen  chapters 
of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


Old  Testament.  —  The 
types  and  prophecies 
ol  Christ. 

New  Testament. — The 
last  fifteen  chapters 
of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


APPENDIXES   TO    PINAL    REPORT. 


377 


No.  62. 
WILLBNHALL  AND  BBNTLBY  U.D.,  STAFFORDSHIRE. 


RUGDLATIONS  FOB  ReLIGTO08  InSTKUCTION. 

1.  That  the  scheme  be  not  confined  to  the  reading  of 
a  passage  of  Scripture  before  the  whole  school,  with  in- 
struction thereon  by  the  principal  schoolmaster  or 
schoolmistress,  but  consist  of  a  graduated  course  of 
teaching  to  be  carried  on  by  means  of  oral  instruction, 
passages  of  Scripture  committed  to  memory,  and  by 
suitable  exercises  in  reading  or  writing. 

2.  That  in  schools  provided  by  the  Ijoard  the  Bible 
shall  be  read,  and  there  shall  be  given  therefrom  by 
the  principal  teacher,  and  also  by  the  pupil  teachers 
under  his  or  her  supervision,  such  explanations  and 
such  instructions  in  the  principles  of  religion  and 
morality  as  are  suited  to  the  capacities  of  the  children. 
Provided  always  that  in  such  explanations  and  instmc- 
tions,  the  provisions  of  the  Act  in  sections  7  and  14  be 
strictly  observed  both  in  letter  and  in  spirit,  and  that 
no  attempt  be  made  in  any  such  schools  to  attach 
children  to  any  particular  denomination. 

3.  That  instruction  be  given  to  the  children  during 
each  year  in  accordance  with  Schedule  A. 

4.  That,  having  regard  to  the  importance  of  religious 
loiowledge  on  the  part  of  the  pupil  teachers,  both  for 
their  own  guidance  in  life,  and  for  the  sake  of  the 
scholars  taught  by  them,  as  well  as  in  respect  of  their 
future    prospects    in    entering    training    colleges   and 


obtaining  the  charge  of  schools,  they  shall  reoeire  from 
the  principal  teachers  instruction  in  the  Holy  Scriptures 
during  one  and  a  half  hours  weekly,  in  accordance  with 
Schedule  B. 

5.  That  in  order  to  ensure  and  encourage  the  religious 
instruction  to  be  given  in  accordance  with  the  above 
recommendations,  an  annual  examination  of  scholars 
and  pupil  teachers  in  every  board  school  shall  be  held. 

6.  That  such  examination  shall  take  place  in  each 
school  not  less  than  14  days  nor  more  than  one  month 
before  the  close  of  the  school  year,  on  a  day  specially 
appointed  for  the  purpose. 

7.  That  the  examination  shall  be  conducted  by  an 
examiner  or  examiners  appointed  by  the  board,  such 
examiners  not  being  members  of  the  board. 

8.  That  the  prayers  in  Schedule  D.  be  adopted  for  use 
in  board  schools. 

9.  That  such  religions  instruction  be  given  at  the 
time  or  times  when  according  to  section  7,  sub-section  2, 
of  the  Blem'jntary  Bdncation  Act,  religious  observance* 
may  be  practised. 

10.  That  during  the  time  of  religions  teaching  or 
religious  observance,  any  children  withdrawn  from 
such  teaching  or  observance  shall  receive  separate 
instruction  in  secular  subjects. 


No.  53. 
WOLVERHAMPTON    SCHOOL    BOARD,  STAFFORDSHIRE. 


Revised  Scheme  of  Religious  Instbuction  for  Scholars 
and  Pupil  Teachers  and  Candidates  in  the  Schools 
of  the  Board. 

(Adopted  on  the  20th  February  1885.) 

1.  Prayers  and  hymns  shall  be  used,  and  the  Bible 
read,  daily  in  the  schools  of  the  board  ;  and  there  shall 
be  given  from  the  Bible,  by  the  head  teachers,  and,  as 
far  as  may  be  necessary,  by  the  assistant  tesichers  and 
senior  pupil  teachers,  such  explanations  and  instruction 
in  the  principles  of  religion  and  morality  as  are  suited 
to  the  capacities  of  children ;  provided  always,  that  in 
the  selection  of  the  ])rayers  and  hymns  (which  shall  be 
made  from  books  approved  liy  the  board),  anil  in  the 
explanations  and  instruction  from  the  Bible  (which 
shall  be  in  accordance  with  a  plan  adopted  by  the 
board),  the  provisions  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act, 
1870,  especially  in  sections  7  and  14,  shall  be  strictly  ob- 
served, both  in  letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be 
made  to  attach  children  to,  or  detach  them  from,  any 
particular  denomination. 

2.  The  plan  of  Bible  instruction  shall  consist  of  a 
graduated  course  of  teaching,  to  be  carried  on  by  means 
of  oral  instruction,  passages  of  Scripture  committed  to 
memory,  and  suitable  exercises  in  yeading  or  writing. 

3.  In  every  school  the  period  for  religious  observances 
and  instruction,  in  the  morning,  shall  extend  from  9.15 
to  9.60  o'clock. 

4.  During  the  lime  of  religious  observances  and  in- 
struction, any  children  withdrawn  in  accordance  with 
section  7  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act,  1870,  shall 
receive  instruction  in  secular  subjects. 

5.  While  any  religious  observance  is  being  practised, 
or  religious  instruction  is  being  given,  none  of  the 
scholars  or  teachers  shall  be  employed  in  any  other 
manner  in  the  same  room 

6.  The  head  teachers  shall  devote  one  hour  each  week 
to  the  instruction  of  candidates  and  pupil  tepchers  in 
Scripture,  in  accordance  with  a  plan  adopted  by  the 
board.  Pupil  teachers  in  the  last  year  of  tneir  appren- 
ticeship shall  not  be  required  to  receive  this  instruction, 
if  they  are  preparing  for  the  religious  examination  for 
admission  to  training  colleges. 

7.  An  examination,  confined  to  the  subjects  included 
in  the  board's  plans  of  instruction,  and  conducted  in 
strict  accordance  with  the  letter  and  spirit  of  the  Ele- 
mentary Education  Act.  1870,  shall  be  held  annually, 
on  a  day  or  days  to  be  fixed  by  Ihe  schools  committee, 
and  duly  notified  in  tho  schools. 

8.  One  or  more  examiners  shall  each  year  be  appointed 
by  the  board,  to  conduct  the  examination,  and  report 
upon  the  result. 

9.  Infants  and  scholars  in  the  lower  standards  shall 
be  examined  orally.  Scholars  in  the  higher  standards 
either  orally  or  on  paper,  at  the  discretion  of  the  schools 
committee.     Candidates  and  pupil  teachers  on  paper. 

E     55387.  3 


Appbndix. 

Directions  to  Teaohera. 

The  following  books  shall  be  used  for  the  purposes  of 
the  scheme,  those  marked  *  by  the  teachers  only, 
viz. : — 

The  School  Board  Hymn  Book. 

•The  Board's  Forms  of  Prayer. 
The  Holy  Bible. 

♦Morris's  Bible  Epochs  and  Lessons. 

*Pulliblank's  Teachers'  Handbook  of  the  Bible. 

•Alphabet  of  Texts. 

•The  Ten  Commandments,  with  examples. 

Every  morning,  at  the  opening  of  school,  a  hymn 
shall  bo  sung,  with  harmonium  accompaniment ;  then 
the  prayers  appointed  shall  be  ofi"ered  ;  and  afterwards 
the  Bible  shall  be  read  and  studied. 

At  the  closing  of  the  school  in  the  afternoon  a  hymn 
shall  be  sung,  with  harmonium  accompaniment,  and 
the  prayers  appointed  oft'ered. 

The  responses  to  the  prayers  may  be  sung  or  said ; 
or  the  prayers  may  be  used  without  the  responses. 

In  infants'  schools,  if  the  head  teachers  deem  it 
desirable,  a  portion  of  the  morning  and  evening 
prayers  may  be  omitted,  but  where  this  is  done  the 
portion  taken  should  so  be  varied  that  in  time  the 
children  will  become  familiar  with  the  entire  prayers. 

The  hymns  for  repetition  by  infants  shall  be  selected 
by  the  head  toachei-s  from  those  numbered  as  follows 
in  the  School  Board  Hymn  Book,  viz.  :  Nos.  12,  19,  40, 
46,  48,  53,  61,  62,  63,  70.  71,  74,  76,  78,  85,  96,  99,  128. 
142,  145,  162,  163,  170, 173,  and  179. 

Plan  or  Reugious  Insteuchon  for  Scholabs. 
Method  of  using  the  Plan. 

Unless  the  schools  committee  expressly  authorise  a 
different  combination  in  any  case,  the  board's  infants' 
schools  shall  be  divided  for  the  purposes  of  this  instruc- 
tion, into  two  sections,  viz.: — (i.)  Younger  infants; 
and  (I'i.)  Elder  infants ;  and  the  board's  boys'  and 
girls'  schools  into  throe  sections,  viz.  : — (t.)  Standards 
I.  and  II.  ;  and  (tr.)  Standards  III.  and  IV. ;  and 
(Hi.)  Standards  V.,  VI.,  and  VII. 

The  course  of  instruction  laid  down  for  Year  1  in  any 
.section  shall  be  (ioenied  to  be  completed  in  the  current 
school  year  (1886).  and  next  school  year  (1886)  ;  the 
course  rnnp])cd  out  for  Year  2  shall  form  the  subject 
of  instruction.  In  the  succeeding  school  year  (1837) 
the  work  lor  the  Year  1  (188.5)  shall  be  reverted  to,  and 
so  or..  The  transition  of  scholars  from  one  division  or 
group  to  another  shall  be  made  as  easy  and  natural  ac 
possible  by  means  of  recapitulatory  lessons. 


B 


378 


BLEMKNTABY    EDUCATION    ACTS   OOWMIS810N 
Infants'  Schools. 


Section. 


No.  1. 
Younger  Infants.) 


No.  2. 
(Elder  Infants.) 


Subject!  of  Instruction. 


'H  f^y.j 


Easy  conversation  lessons  and  very  simple  hymns  about  God  as  the  maker 
of  all  natural  things ;  God  as  our  Father  in  Heaven  ;  the  character  and 
acts  God  wishes  to  see  and  those  which  meet  with  His  displeasure ; 
incidents  in  the  life  of  Christ,  His  birth  and  childhood.  His  constant 
labour  doing  good.  His  love  of  little  children,  &o.  j  and  other  suitable 
subjects,  using  illustrated  prints  where  possible. 

Narratives  from  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  as  contained  in  "  Bible 
Epochs  and  Lessons,"  with  simple  lessons  on  the  parables  of  the  Sower, 
the  Good  Samaritan,  &o.,  using  illustrated  prints  where  possible. 


Pasaaces  to  be  repeated, 

with  Intelligence, 

from  Memory. 


Fifth  Commandment. 

Three  short  hymns. 

Six  of  the  Alphabet  Texts. 


The  Lord's  Prayer. 
Other  three  short  Hymns. 
Alphabet  of  Texts. 


Boys'  and  GMs'  School*. 


Subjects  of  Instruction. 

Passages  to  be  repeated,  with 

Tear. 

Intelligence,  from  Memory,  in 
addition  to  the  Lord's  Prayer 

Exercises  in  Reading 

Section. 

or  Writing. 

Old  Testament. 

New  Testament. 

and  the  Ten  Commandments. 

1 

Genesis  i.  to  xxxvii. 

Outline   of  our  Lord's 

Psalm    xxxiv.    11    to     16; 

Examples  irom  the  Bible 

"  Handbook,"  pp.  1   to 

History. 

Prov.i.  8  to  10;  Matthew 

of  the  observance  and 

49,      except    lessons 

xi.  28  ;  Ephes.  vi.  1  to  7. 

breach   of   the    Com- 

marked     for      elder 

mandments,  1  to  4. 

scholars. 

No.  I. 

(Standards    ■ 
I.  and  II.) 

2 

Genesis       xxxix.      to 

Luke  i.  to  xi. 

Psalm  cxxi ;  Prov.  vi.  6  to 

Examples  from  the  Bible 

Exodus  xviii. 

"Handbook,"  pp.  289 

11;     Matthew      vi.      24; 

of  the  observance  and 

"Handbook,"    pp.    49 

to  331. 

John  iii.  16,  17. 

breach   of  Conunand- 

to  91,  except  lessons 

.{,, 

ments,  5  to  10. 

marked     for     elder 

scholars. 

-     <^H'f»',     . 

■      1 

Exodus  XIX.  to   end  1 

Luke  xii.  to  xxiv. 

... 
Psalms  xxiii. ;  Prov.  iii.  5, 

Passages  from  the  Bible 

Samuel. 

"Handbook,"    pp.   332 

6  ;  xvii.  5  ;  Eccles.  ix.  10  ; 

exemplifying  the  Com- 

" Handbook,"  pp.  91  to 

to  369. 

Matthew  v.  3  to  1 1 ;  vi.  6 

mandments,  1  to  4. 

159,   except    lessons 

to  8  ;   1  Peter  ii.  17,  18. 

No.  2. 
(Standards 
III.  and      ■ 
IV.) 

marked     for     elder 

scholarE. 

2 

2   Samuel  to  end  of  1 

Acts  i.  to  X. 

Psalm    i. ;     Prov.     xi.    1  ; 

Passages  from  the  Bible 

Kings. 

"Handbook,"   pp.  369 

xxii.  I  ;  Ezekiel  xviii.  21 

exemplifying  the  Com- 

"Handbook,"  pp.   160 

to  386. 

to  27  ;  Luke  x.  25  to  28  ; 

mandments,  5  to  10. 

197,     except    lesson 

John    iv.    24 ;    vii.     17 ; 

'  marked      for     elder 

Phil.  ii.  3. 

scholars. 

1 

a  Kings,  Daniel,   Ezra, 

Acts  xi.  to  XX. 

Psalm  xxxii.;    Prov.  xvi.  9  ; 

Passages  from  the  Bible 

fto. 

•"Handbook,"    pp.   386 

xxiii.  20,  21  ;  Micah    vi. 

exemplifying;  the  peti- 

"Handbook,"  pp.    198 

to  403. 

8  ;  Matthew  v.  43  to  45  ; 

tions    of     the    Lord's 

to  247. 

vii.  7   to    14;  Phil.  iv.  8; 

1  Thess.     iv.     11,    12; 

2  Peter  i.  5  to  7. 

Prayer. 

No.  3. 

Standards 

2 

Psalms.     Prophecies. 

Acts  xxi.  to  xxviii. 

Psalm    XV. ;    Prov.    x.    12  ; 

Passages  from  the  Bible 

v.,  VI.,  and  ■ 

"Handbook,"    pp.  247 

"Handbook,"    pp.  403 

xiv.     29;     XV.    1,    3,    9; 

exemplifying            the 

VII.) 

to  277,  and  also  the 

to  427,  and  also  the 

Lament,    iii.    25    to    27 ; 

Beatitudcb. 

lessons      throughout 

lessons  on  pp.  278  to 

Isaiah  xliii.  S5  ;  Matthew 

the    course    marked 

to   289,    marked   for 

vii.  21 ;  xxvi.  4 1 ;  John  vi. 

for  elder  scholars. 

elder  scholars. 

27  ;  XV.    1,  2;  Colos.   iii. 
12,  13;  1    Thess.  v.   14; 
James  i.  12  to  15 ;  Rev. 

xxi.  4. 

Plan  of  BELisioirs  Insteuction  fob  Candidatbs  and 
Pupil  Teachers. 

Method  of  using  the  Plan. 

Candidates  and  pnpil  teachers  shall  be  grouped  for 
■^he  purpose  of  receiving  religions  instruction  from  their 
aead  teachers. 

The  term  "Tear"  shall  be  deemed  to  be  the  period 
betvreen  tvro  successive  annual  examinations,  as  pro- 
vided for  in  clause  7  of  the  board's  scheme. 

The  course  prescribed  for  "Tear  1  "  shall  be  com- 
pleted by  all  candidates  and  pupil  teachers  in  the 
current  year  (ending,  say,  February  1886) ;  the  course 
for  "  Tear  2  "  in  the  next  year;  and  so  on.  In  this 
■way  a  candidate  entering  upon  the  course  for  any 
year  will,  during  a  five  years'  engagement  with  the 
board,  complete  the  round  of  the  whole  course. 

Candidates  and  pnpil  teachers  shall  be  exempted 
from  taking  part  in  the  examination  provided  for  in 
the  board's  scheme,  if,  on  the  day  of  examination, 
they  have  been  less  than  six  months  in  the  service  of 
the  boar4 


Subjects  of  Instruction. 


Year. 


Old  Testament. 


New  Testament. 


The  Creation,  to  the  selling  of 

Joseph. 
"  Handbook,"  lessons  1  to  M. 


The  arrival  of  Joseph  in 
KKypt,  to  the  giving  o£  the 
Ten  Commandments. 

"Handbook,"  lessons  2!)  to  61. 


"The  ituikingof  the  Golden 
Calf,  to  the  end  of  Saul's 
reign. 

"  Handbook."  lessons  63  to  S7. 


David's  lament  for  Saul  and 
Jonathan,  to  the  end  of 
Jeho.shaphat's  reign. 

"Handbook,"  lessons  88  to  117. 


The  Idolatries  of  the  Kingdom 
of  Judah,  to  the  last  of  the 
prophets. 

"Handbook,"  lessons  118  to 
147. 


The  birth  of   Christ,   to  the 

Sermon  on  the  Mount. 
"  Handbook,"  lessons  148  to 
16.1. 

Miracles  and  teaching  at 
Capernaum,  the  sending 
out  of  the  Apostles,  eight 
of  the  parables,  &t'. 

"Handbook,'^  lessons  164  to 
1/8. 

The  journey  towards  Jeru- 
salem, to  the  gift  of  the 
Holy  Spirit. 

■'  Handbook,"  lessons  179  to 
IBS. 

Peter  iiiitl  John  liefore  the 
Sanhedrin,  to  Paul  at 
Corinth. 

"  Handbook."  lessons  IW  to 
208. 

Paal  at  Bphesus,  to  his  im- 
prisonment at  Rome,  Ac. 

"Handbook."  lessons  209  to 
218. 

u'.'bim 


AtPENDlXBs    TO   i'lNAL   BEFOET. 


379 


No.  64. 
BOOHESTEE  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS,  1888. 


Group  I.                                Gboup  II. 

Geoup  III. 

Geoup  IV. 

( Infants) .                               (Standards  I.,  1 1. ) 

(Standards  II.,  III.) 

(Standards  IV..  V.  VI.) 

Old  Testament    - 

Creation  to  Deluge.    Any 
simple     Bible     stories 
suitable  for  infants. 
(Six  at  least  should  be 
taken.) 

Chief  events  in  the  Book 
of  Genesis. 

Lives  of  Joshua,  Gideon, 
Samuel,  and  Saul. 

Biographies  and  chief 
events  contained  in 
Joshua,  Judges,  and 
Samuel  I. 

New  Testament  - 

Brief  outline  of  our  Lord's 
Life,  with  His  Infancy, 
Death,   and    Resurrec- 
tion, in  detail. 

Chief    events  mentioned 
in  the  Gospel,  relating 
to  our  Blessed    Lord's 
Birth,           Childhood, 
Baptism,     Temptation, 
Transfiguration, 
Passion,  Death,  Resur- 
rection, and  Ascension. 

The  Gospel  History  with 
special  reference  to  the 
Parables  and  Miracles. 

The  Acts  of  the 
Apostles,  chapters  i. 
to  xiii.,  inclusive. 

Catechism 
(Repetition). 

The  Lord's  Prayer,  with 
the     Ten     Command- 
ments. 

To  the  end  of  the  Deca- 
logue,     with      Lord's 
Prayer. 

- 

Do. 
(Explanation). 
Repetition 

The  Lord's  Prayer.                                     —                          The  Decalogue  and  corre-                        — 

sponding  duties. 
Illustrative  texts  of  Scripture,  portions  and  Psalms  (Prayer  Book  version  preferred),  with  Collects  and 
Hymns  throughout  the  school. 

Notices. 

(«.)  Where  there  are  fewer  school  divisions  than  four,  those  divisions  of  subjects  may  be  selected  which  appear  best  suited  to 
the  capacities  of  the  children. 

(6.)  In  the  selection  of  lessons  from  the  period  of  Old  Testament  History  appointed,  the  teachers  will,  of  course,  be  influenced 
by  the  time  which  they  have  at  their  disposal  and  the  capacity  of  the  children. 

(c.)  It  is  hoped  that  in  teaching  the  Old  Testament  particular  attention  will  be  paid  to  the  types  of  the  Christian  dispensation 
with  which  it  abounds,  as  well  as  to  the  illustrations  of  the  Old  Testament  History  which  are  to  be  found  in  the  New  Testament. 

(d.)  Although  it  appears  highly  desirable  that  this  byllabus  should  be  adopted  in  all  the  schools  under  diocesan  inspection,  the 
inspector  will  be  ready,  in  cases  where  such  a  ccui>e  has  not  been  convenient,  to  examine  the  children  in  those  subjects  in  which 
they  have  been  actually  instructed,  but  notice  of  this  should  be  given  to  the  inspector  before  the  day  of  examination. 

(e.)  Infants  are  expected  to  repeat  and  answer  individually  as  well  as  collectively. 

(/.)  The  elder  children  will  be  partly  examined  on  paper  in  all  subjects,  with  which  they  should  be  prepared  on  the  day  of 
examination. 

(^.)  Some  knowledge  of  text  and  hymns  is  expected  in  each  division.  It  is  desirable  that  a  record  of  the  texts  learned  should 
be  kept,  and  that  they  should  have  reference  to  the  Scripture  lessons  the  children  have  had,  or  to  some  de6nite  subject  with  which 
the  children  may  connect  them. 

(A.)  It  is  desirable  that  a  short  and  easy  form  of  private  prayers  for  use  at  home  be  taught  to  the  children  during  the  year. 


No.  6S. 
OROYDON  SCHOOL  BOARD,  SURREY. 


(1.)  REGnLAXioNs  poK  Relioious  Instrdctiox. 

In  the  schools  provided  by  the  board  the  Bible  shall 
be  read,  and  there  shall  be  given  therefrom  such  expla- 
nations and  such  instruction  iu  the  principles  of  the 
Christian  religion  and  morality  as  are  suited  to  the 
capacities  of  children.  In  such  explanations  and  in- 
struction the  provisions  of  the  Education  Act,  1870,  in 
sections  7  and  14  be  strictly  observed,  both  in  letter 
and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be  made  in  any  such 
schools  to  attach  children  to  any  particular  denomina- 
tion. 

Simple  prayers  shall  be  said  and  a  hymn  sung  at  the 
beginning  and  end  of  each  day's  work  : 

Provided  always,  that  in  the  ofl'ering  of  any  prayers, 

and  in  the  use  of  any  hymns,  the  provisions  of  the 

Education   Act,    1870,  iu    sections  7    and   14    be 

strictly  observed,   both  in  letter  and   spirit,  and 

that  no  attempt  be  made  to  attach  children  to  any 

particular  denomination. 

During  the  time  of  religions  teaching  or  religious 

observani  e,  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  teaching 

or   observance  shall    receive    separate    instruction   in 

secular  subjects. 

Scriptural  instruction  is  to  be  given  by  the  head 
teachers  and  certificated  assistants  only,  except  when 
some  other  arrangement  is  especially  allowed  by  the 
school  management  committee. 

That  every  child  in  the  board  schools  be  taught,  sub- 
ject to  the  conscience  clause,  the  Lord's  Prayer  and  the 
Ten  Comraandmoiita. 

That,  on  each  alternate  Monday,  instead  of  the 
passage    of   Scripture    that   would    come    in    regular 

3  B 


course,*  a  reading  be  taken  from  one  of  the  following 
books  :^The  Psalms,  the  Book  of  Proverbs,  the  Book 
of  Ecclesiastes,  the  Prophecies  of  Isaiah  ;  and  that  ou 
the  other  alternate  Monday,  a  passage  from  Scripture 
be  committed  to  memory.  The  passages  read  and 
learnt  by  heart  to  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
school  management  committee. 

That  the  infants  commit  to  memory  twelve  texts  of 
Scripture  taken  from  their  prescribed  course,  and 
approved  by  your  inspector. 

The  "  Book  of  Praise  for  Home  and  School "  will  be 
used  in  the  schools,  with  the  exception  of  hymns 
numbered  85,  87,  190,  255. 

(2.)  Rules  foe  Annual  Examination  in  Religious 
Knowledge. 

Biblical. 

The  board  shall  hold  a  voluntary  examination  of  each 
of  its  school:?  in  July  of  each  year,  to  test  the  Scriptural 
knowledge  acquired  by  the  children  during  the  school 
year  just  ending,  no  children  being  required  to  attend 
whose  parents  may  dui-ing  the  year  have  withdrawn 
them  from  religious  instruction  in  the  said  school. 
The  examination  shall  bo  conducted  by  the  inspector. 
The  object  of  the  examination  shall  be  to  test  whether 
the  children  possess  an  intelligent  knowledge  of  the 


•  Tho  ro(?ular  cournc  above  referred  to  is  a  book  in  the  Old  Testa- 
ment, one  of  the  Gosiwls.  and  a  third  iiart  of  tha  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 
This  jonr  (ISSS)  thi'  1st  Hook  of  Samuel,  the  CiosiM'l  acconlinK  to  St. 
John,  and  a  third  part  of  tho  .Vols  of  the  Apostles  (oliapters  I-IO),  con- 
stitute the  course  tor  instruction  and  examination.  A  special  course  is 
appointed  for  the  infants,  who  are  also  examined  aninially. 


380 


KLEMENTAKY    EUUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION 


leading  facts  of  the  Bible,  and  it  shall  be  conducted  iu 
strict  conformity  frith  Standing  Order  (as  above).  The 
subjects  in  both  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  in  which 
the  examination  will  be  held,  shall  Ije  announced  at 
the  beginning  of  each  school  year  in  August.  Certifi- 
cates shall  be  given  for  special  proficiency. 

The  '■  candidates  "  and  pupil  teachers  shall  also  be 
examined  by  the  inspector  on  some  Saturday  in  July 
in  each  year,  in  the  Scriptural  subjects  read  during 
the  year.  Questions  will  also  be  given,  based  on  Dr. 
Smith's  Bible  Dictionaiy. 

a.  The  scholars  are  to  be  seated  at  the  examination 
in  the  order  in  which  their  names  appear  on  the 
examination  schedule. 

6.  The  Map  of  Palestine,  the  Map  of  the  Travels  of 
St.  Paul,  the  Map  of  Europe,  the  Map  of  Asia,  and  any 
other  me.p,  chart,  drawing,  or  means  of  information, 
must  be  placed  out  of  sight,  and  beyond  the  reach  of 
the  scholars  before  the  commencement  of  each  part  of 
the  examination. 

N.B. — The  superintendent  will  make  any  inspection 
he  may  think  ncessary  to  satisfy  himself  that  this 
instruction  has  been  strictly  complied  with. 

c.  The  packets  of  the  examination  papers  must  be 
opened  exactly  at  the  time  stated  on  the  envelopes 
containing  them,  and  in  the  presence  of  the  scholars 
seated  in  readiness  for  the  examination.  The  questions, 
printed  on  white  and  green  paper,  will  be  distributed 
alternately,  and  the  superintendent  will  see  that  there 
is  no  exchange  of  questions  at  any  time  during  the 
examination. 

d.  No  scholar  will  be  admitted  into  the  examination 
room  after  either  packet  of  papers  has  been  opened. 

e.  Each  scholar  will  write  his  or  her  name  and  age, 
with  the  letter  on  the  questions,  A  or  B  at  the  head 
of  each  paper  of  answers. 

/.  The  examination  in  the  Old  Testament  wiil  last 
from  9.30  to  10.46.  After  the  answers  h»ve  been 
collected  by  the  superintendent,  the  scholars  will  be 
allowed  a  recess  of  ten  minutes.     On  their  return,  the 


papers  in  the  New  Testament  will  bo  given  out,  and 
I4  liouis  will  be  allowed.     (See  instniction  c.) 

tj.  The  superintendent  will  see  that  no  teacher  has 
any  communication  with  any  scholar  after  either  packet 
of  questions  has  been  opened. 

h.  No  talking  between  teachers,  scholars,  or  any 
other  persons,  will  be  allowed  after  the  packets  con- 
taining the  questions  have  been  opened.  Perfect 
silence  must  be  kept  in  the  room.  'I'eaohers  may  be 
present  simply  to  assist  in  maintaining  order,  and  tliey 
must  on  no  account  overlook  or  walk  among  the 
scholars. 

i.  No  question  on  the  meaning  of  any  portion  of  the 
examination  papers  must  be  asked  or  answered. 

_;'.  No  scholar  will  be  allowed  to  leave  the  room,  and 
then  return  to  his  or  her  place,  while  the  examination 
is  proceeding,  nor  must  any  scholar  not  under  exami- 
nation be  allowed  in  the  room  after  either  packet  of 
papers  has  been  opened. 

k.  The  superintendent  will  expel  from  the  room  any 
scholar  who  speaks  to  or  in  any  way  communicates 
with  his  or  her  neighbour,  attempts  to  copy,  affords 
facility  for  copying,  or  behaves  in  any  manner  unbe- 
coming a  scholar  under  examination,  and,  after 
announcing  aloud  the  reason  for  expelling  the  scholar, 
he  will  state  it  on  the  examination  schedule. 

/.  The  superintendent  must  be  present  during  the 
whole  time  of  the  examination,  and  must  exei'cise  a 
constant  and  vigilant  supervision  over  the  scholars. 

m.  The  superintendent  will  collect  the  answers  in 
the  order  in  which  the  names  appear  on  the  examina- 
tion schedule,  will  seal  them  up,  and  then  immediately 
send  them  and  the  schedules  to  the  office  in  charge  of 
a  pupil  teacher.  No  scholar  or  other  person  must  be 
allowed  access  to  the  papers  after  they  have  been 
collected. 

n.  The  scholars  will  be  allowed  to  take  the  questions 
home. 

The  board  annually  award  certificates  and  prizes  to 
those  scholars  who  satisfactorily  pass  the  examination. 


No.  56. 
GUILDFORD  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOARD,  SURREY. 


SYU.ABUS  OF  Religious  Instruction. 

COUBSE  FOE  1888. 
For  Infants. 
Memory.— I'he  Lord's  Prayer.     Some  easy  texts  and 
hymns. 

Study. — Some  easy  narratives  from  the  Old  and  New 
Testaments ;  in  addition  the  children  of  six  or  seven 
years  of  age  will  be  expected  to  learn  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments. 

Lower  Division. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1  to  17  (the  substance  only 
will  be  required) ;  St.  Matthew  v.  1  to  12  ;  vi.  9  to  13  ; 
ixii.  35  to  40. 

Study. — Early  lives  of  Abraham  and  Samuel ;  simple 
outline  of  the  life  of  Christ,  as  given  in  St.  Matthew 
and  St.  Luke,  up  to  St.  Matthew  xvi.  and  St.  Luke  ix. 


Middle  Division. 

Memory.— Exodus  xx.  1  to  17 ;  St.  Matthew  v.  1  to 
12  ;  vi.  9  to  13  ;  xxii.  35  to  40 ;  St.  John  xiv.  15  to  31. 

Study. — Lives  of  Jacob,  Joseph,  and  Mnses  ;  outline 
of  the  life  of  Christ,  with  some  account  of  the  parables 
as  given  in  St.  Matthew  and  St.  Luke ;  the  order  of 
the  books  in  the  Bible. 


Upper  Division. 

Memory. — Exodus  xx.  1  to  17 ;  St.  Matthew  v.  1  to 
12,  vi.  9  to  13,  xxii.  35  to  40;  St.  John  xiv.  15  to  31  ; 
Ephesians  vi.  1  to  8  ;  Isaiah  liii. 

Study. — Lives  of  Moses,  Eli,  and  Samuel;  whole  of 
St.  Matthew ;  first  three  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles ;  the  order  of  the  books  in  the  Bible ;  geo- 
graphy of  Palestine. 


No.  57. 
BRIGHTON  AND  PRESTON  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOARD,  SUSSEX. 


1.  Regdlations  for  Religious  Instruction. 

Every  school  shall  be  subject  to  the  following  resolu- 
tion of  the  board,  passed  March  28th,  1871:  "That 
"  in  the  schools  provided  by  this  board  the  Bible  shall 
"  be  read,  and  there  may  be  given  by  ttie  principal  or 
"  responsible  teacher  explanations  and  practical  in- 
"  struotions  therefrom,  suited  to  the  capacities  of  the 
"  children,  the  provisions  of  sections  7  and  14  of  the 
"  Act  being  observed  in  spirit  as  well  as  in  letter." 

In  accordance  with  the  general  practice  of  existing 
elementary  schools,  provision  may  be  made  for  offering 
prayers  and  using  hymns  in  schools  provided  by  tlic 
board  at  the  "time  or  times''  when,  according  to 
section  7,  clause  2,  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act, 
"religious  observances"  may  be  "practised."  The 
arrangements  for  such  "  religions  observances  '   shall 


be  left  to  the  discretion  of  the  teachers  and  managers 
of  each  school  (subject  to  the  following  regulations 
adopted  by  the  board,  January  30th,  1877),  with  the 
right  of  appeal  to  the  board  by  teachers,  managers, 
parents,  or  ratepayers  of  the  district.  Provided 
always,  that  in  the  oHeriug  of  any  prayers,  and  in  the 
use  of  any  hymns,  the  (wovisions  of  the  Act  in  sections  7 
and  14  be  strictly  observed,  both  in  letter  and  spirit, 
and  that  no  attempt  be  made  to  attach  children  to  any- 
particular  denomiuati<m. 

(((.)  "That  the  managers  bo  requested  to  visit  the 
schools  under  their  charge  during  tlio  time 
devoted  to  religious  instruction,  and  that  a 
notice  be  sent  at  the  commencement  of  each 
month  to  one  of  the  managei's  of  every  board 
school,  according  to  alphabetical  order,  request- 


I 


APPENDIXES   TO    PINAL   REPORT. 


381 


ing  him  or  her  to  visit  the  school  daring  that 
^  month  at  the  time  devoted  to  religious  instruc- 
tion, a  record  of  such  visit  to  be  made  in  the 
visitors'  book. 

(&.)  "  That  there  be  prayer,  singing,  iiud  Bible 
reading  or  expiaiiatiou  every  day,  but  that 
such  exercises  may  be  shortened  on  Mondays. 

(c.)  "  That,  with  a  view  to  give  more  variety  to  the 
hymns  sung  in  the  schools,  a  book  entitled 
"  A  book  of  Sacred  Song,  for  the  use  of  School 
Board  Schools,"  be  adopted,  and  that  selec- 
tions be  made  from  this  book  at  the  times 
hymns  are  sung. 

(d.)  "That  the  subjects  for  Bible  instruction  in  the 
schools  be  those  specified  in  schedules  to  be 
drawn  up  annually  or  triennially  by  the 
board. 

(e.)  ■'  That  certain  passages  of  Scripture,  to  be  selected 
annually  or  triennially  by  the  board,  be  com- 
mitted to  memory. 

(/.)  "  That,  in  addition  to  the  five  hours  instruction 
per  week  required  by  the  New  Code  to  be  given 
to  the  pupil  teachers,  one  hour  shall  be  devoted 
to  Bible  reading  and  instruction  therefrom, 
subject  to  the  right  of  withdrawal,  which  is 
provided  for  in  section  7(1)  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Act,  1870. 

(g.)  "  That  an  oral  examination  in  the  subjects  of  study 
during  the  year  be  hold  annually  in  each  boys' 
and  girls'  school,  conducted  by  a  gentleman 
appointed  by  the  board. 

(/t.)"That  collective  examinations  for  scholars  and 
pupil  teachers  be  also  held  annually,  and  that 
the  arrangements  for  the  scholars'  examination 
be  those  s'it  forth  in  the  following  scheme  . — 

(2.)  Scheme  for  the  Examination  or  the  Scholars  in 
THE  BoAUD  Schools,  and  for  the  Distribution 
ot  THE  Prizes  given  by  Mrs.  Soames. 

(1.)  That  at  the  annual  exiiininatioii  of  the  boys'  and 
girls'  departments  of  each  board  school  in  the 
month  of  December,  in  the  subjects  which  have 
been  selected  for  the  Bible  instruction  for  the 
year,  the  head  teacher  shall  select,  from  the 
children  in  each  of  the  three  upper  standards 
(viz.,  IV.,  v.,  VI.)  who  have  acquitted  them- 
selves the  best,  a  certain  proportion  of  children 
as  follows  : — Standard  IV.,  16  per  cent. ; 
Standard  V.,  20  per  cent.  ;  Standard  VL,  25 
per  cent.  ;  to  take  part  iu  ;i  written  competitive 
examination ;  and  the  teacher  shall  forward 
the  names  of  the  cliildren  thus  selected  to  the 
board, 
(la.)  That  at  any  school  in  which  there  are  less  than 
five  scholars'  names  on  the  register  iu  any 
standard,  mi,':  child  may  Ije  selected  lor  the 
competition,  and  il'  more  than  live,  but  not 
less  than  10,  two  candidates  may  bo  selected. 

(2.)  That  the  general  competitive  exaininaiiou  shall 
be  held  at  one  of  the  board  schools,  towards  the 
end  of  December. 

(3.)  That  the  examiners  lje  appointed  by  the  board. 

(4.)  That  there  be  three  sets  of  (juestions,  one  for 
each  standard,  based  upon  the  subjects  which 
have  been  studied  during  the  year. 

(5.)  That  the  money  to  be  devoted  to  prizes  shall  be 
divided  as  follows,  viz.  ; — Standard  IV.,  91.  in 
40  prizes,  of  which  the  six  first  shall  not  be  of 
less  value  that  6«. ;  Standard  V.,  10/.  in  'M 
prizes,  of  which  the  six  first  shall  not  be  of 
less  value  than  lOs. ;    Standard   VI.,    IU.    in 


(«.) 


20  prizes,  of  which  the  first  four  shall  not  be  of 
less  value  than  il.  The  proportion  to  be  open 
to  revision  each  year. 
That  should  there  be  such  an  increase  in  pupilb 
as  to  render  this  number  of  prizes  fewer  than 
sullicieut  to  reward  one  third,  then,  unless 
additional  funds  be  jtrovided,  there  shall  be  a 
diminution  in  the  value  of  the  prizes,  so  as  to 
enable  the  board  to  reward  one  third  of  the 
pupils  under  the  final  examination. 

Should  any  parent  object  to  his  child  being  present 
during  the  reading  of  the  Bible,  and  the  singing  or 
prayer  above  referred  to,  such  child  shall,  during  that 
time,  be  taught  some  other  lesson  in  a  separate  room. 

.3.  Syllabus  op  Religious  Instruction. 

Scholars. 

First  Year  (1887). 


Old  Teetaiiient. 
Lives  of  Adam,  Noah, 
and  Abraham ;  Genesis 
i.-xxiv.,  omitting  v.,  x., 
xi.  10-26,  xix.  4-11,  and 
30-38. 


Repetition.  — 
IV.-VII.   onlv, 


Standards 
Ps.  i.  and 


New  Testament. 

The  life  of  onr  Lord,  as 
contained  in  Matt,  ii.-xii. 
13,  omitting  x.  9-42  ;  Luke 
i.-vii.,  omitting  iii.  24-38; 
John  i.  18-v.  16,  omitting 
iii.  22.-36. 

Repetition.  —  Standards 
I.-VII. ;  Matt.  V.  3-16  and 
4;5-48. 


8ec.>md  Year  (1888). 


Lives  of  Esau,  Jacob,  and 
Joseph;  Genesis  XXV.  19-1.. 
omitting  xxxiv.,  xxxvi., 
xxxviii.,  xlix. 

Repetition.  —  Standards 
IV.-VIL  only,  Ps.  xix. 


Matt,  xiii.-xx.  16,  omit- 
ting xvi.  and  xi>t.  1-12 ; 
Luke  viii.-xviii.  17,  omit- 
ting xi.  14-64;  Johnvi.-xi. 
omitting  vi.  21-viii.  59. 

Repetition.  —  Standards 
II.-VII.  ;  Luke  XV. 


Third  Year  (1889). 


Life    of   Moses ;   Exodus 
i.-xx.  and  xxxii. -xxxiv. 


Repetition.  —  Standards 
IV.-VII.  only,  Ps.  ciii. 


Matt.  XX.  I7-xxviii., 
omitting  xxiii.  and  xxiv. ; 
Luke  .xviii.  36-xxiv.,  omit- 
ting xxi. ;  John  xviii.-xxi. 

Repetition.  —  Standards 
II.-VIL;  Luke  xviii.  I-I7. 


Fom-th  Year  (1890). 
Lives  of  Eli,  Samuel,  and  j      Acts  of  the  Apostles  i.- 


I 
Saul;  I.  Samuel  i,-\ix  and  ]  xii 
xxxi. 

Repetition.  —  Standards 
IV.-VII.  only,  Ps.  xxxiv. 
11-18;  liii.  .V9. 


Repetition.  —  Standards 
IV.-VIL,  Acts  iii.  11-26; 
Standards  II,  and  III,  , 
Luke  X.  26-42. 

The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Commandments  to 
form  part  of  the  subjects  for  study  each  year ;  Stan- 
dards IV.-VII.  to  learn  in  addition  the  order  of  the 
books  of  the  Bible. 

Standard  I,  will  invariably  take  the  subjects  appointed 
for  the  first  year. 

Infants'  Schools. 

For  instniction. — Some  easy  narratives  from  the  Old 
and  New  Testaments, 

To  be  committed  to  memory, — The  Lord's  Prayer  and 
some  easy  texts  and  hymns. 

In  addition,  the  childi-en  of  six  and  seven  years  of  age 
will  be  expected  to  learn  the  Ten  Commandments. 


57a. 
HOVE  SCHOOL  BOARD,  SUSSEX. 


(1.)  Regulations  for  Religious  Instblction. 

Religious  exercises  shall  l)e  observed  daily  in  accord- 
ance with  the  following  minute  of  the  board  :-^ 

o.  That  three  quarters  of  an  hour  be  devoted  to 
religious  exercises  before  the  official  opening  of 
the  school  in  the  morning,  and  a  quartir  of  an 
hour  after  its  official  close  in  tlie  afternoon,  it 
being  fully  understodd  that  no  child  shall  be 
required  to  attend  Ijeyond  the  official  scli-.iol 
hours.     That  such  religious  exercises  shall  con- 

3B 


sist  of  a  prayer,  in  simple  words  adapted  to 
young  children,  the  singing  of  hymns,  the  read- 
ing and  exposition  of  the  Holy  Scriptures.  The 
Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Commandments  shall 
be  taught  in  the  school. 

That  the  devotional  exercises  be  conducted,  in  all 
cases,  by  the  head  teacher  in  each  department. 

That  the  subjects  for  Bible  instruction,  wid  the 
jiassages  of  Scripture  to  be  committed  to  memory, 
i)e  those  specified  iu  the  schedules  to  be  provided 
periodically    by    the    board.      The    Scriptural 


382 


ELEMENTAKY   EDUCATION    A0I8   OOMM188ION : 


teaohing  to  be  given  by  the  head  teacher   aud 
the  oertifloated  assistants.     Pupil   teachers   are 
never  to  give  a  Scripture  lesson  to  auy  class. 
As  near  as  may   be    to    the  middle  of  the  school 
yeir  the  children  and  pupil  teachers  shall  be  examined 
in    Scripture     knowledge,     such     examination     being 
limited  to  the  portions  of  the  Scriptures  which  have 
been  studied  during  the  preceding  12  months.  Notice 
must  be  posted  in  the  schools  that  attendance  at  the 
Scripture  'Examinations  is  optional.     The  teachers  shall 
mark   iu  red    ink   the   attendance   of  the  children   at 
9  o'clock,  iu  the  4th,  5th,  and  6th  Standards,  and  only 
such  children  as  have  made  one  half  the  possible  early 
attendances,  since  the  beginning  of  the  school  year,  be 
examined. 

(2.)  Syllabus  of  Beueions  Instkuction. 

Infants. 

Memory. — Some  easy  texts  aud  hymns. 

Old  and  New  Testaments. — Some  easy  narratives. 

Divieion  I. 

Memory. — Psalms  xxiii.,  cxxi. 

Old    Testament. — Simple    outlines   of   the   lives    of 
Adam,  Noah,  Abraham,  and  Joseph. 

New  Testament. — Tlie   Nativity  and   Crucifixion  of 
our  Lord. 

Division  II. 

Memory. — Matt.  v.  1-12  ;  Psalms  xci.,  ciii. 
Old  Testament. — Outlines  of  the   lives     of   Moses, 
Joshua,  and  Samson. 


New  Testament. — The  Nativity,  Bapbism,  Tempta- 
tion, and  Crucifixion  of  our  Lord;  three  Miracles—the 
Raising  of  the  Widow's  Son,  the  Feeding  of  5,000.  the 
Healing  of  the  Centurion's  Servant ;  three  Parables — 
the  Sower,  the  Good  Samaritan,  the  Prodigal  Son. 

Division  III. 

Memory. — Psalm  li. ;  Isaiah  liii.;  1  Cor.  xiii. 

Old  Testament. — Outlines  of  the  lives  of  Samuel, 
David,  Solomon,  and  Elijah. 

New  Testament. — The  Nativity,  Baptism,  Tempta- 
tion, Transfiguration,  Crucifixion,  Resurrection,  and 
Ascension  of  our  Lord ;  three  Miraoles — the  Cleansing 
of  the  10  Lepers,  tlie  Walking  on  the  Sea,  the  Raising 
of  Lazarus;  three  Parables — the  Pharisee  and  Publi- 
can, the  Unmerciful  Servant,  the  10  Virgins ;  Account 
of  the  day  of  Pentecost ;  the  life  of  Stephen ;  the  Con- 
version of  St.  Paul. 

The  Lord's  Prayer  aud  Ten  Commandments  to  be 
learnt  and  studied  in  each  Division. 

Pupil  Teachers. 

No  distinct  Scripture  syllabus  is  appointed  for  pupil 
teachers ;  but,  at  the  end  of  the  year,  they  will  oe 
examined  in  the  subjects  appointed  for  all  the  standards. 
The  questions,  however,  will  be  so  drawn  up  as  to  call 
for  more  careful  study  and  independent  thought  than 
in  the  case  of  ordinary  scholars. 

The  teachers  are  desired  to  infuse  a  religions  spirit 
into  their  lessons,  and  to  make  them  as  practical  as 
possible,  and  not  give  attention  to  unimportant  detail. 


Syllabus  op  Bible  iNSiEncTioN  por  the  Thbbe  Yeabs 
1886-7-8. 


No.  58. 

HASTINGS  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOARD,  SUSSEX. 

IV. ;  Hebrews  xi.  1-13  and  32^0  inclusive  ;  and  Isaiah 
mi.,  for  Standards  V.,  VI.,  and  VII. 


Memori'. 

1.  The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Commandments. 

(By  dU  OhUdren.) 

2.  Alphabet  of  Texts,  as  follows : — 


A — Prov.  xxii.  1. 
B— Matt.  V.  9. 
0— Psalm  li.  10. 
D— Psalm  xxxiv.  14. 
E— Prov.  ,v.  14. 
F — Eccles.  xii.  13. 
G — John  iii.  16. 
H — Isaiah  liii.  5. 
I — Psalm  iv.  8. 
J — Matt,  xi.,  part  of 

25  and  the  whole 

of  28. 
K — Psalm  xxxiv.  13. 
L— Matt.  V.  44. 


M— Prov.  i.  10. 
N — Rom.  xii.  11. 
0 — Psalm  cxviii.  1. 
P— Prov.  xiii.  18. 
Q— I.  Thess.  V.  19. 
R — Prov.  XXX.  8. 
S-Heb.  ix.  28. 
T — Psalm  xxxvii.  3. 
U — Psalm  cxii.  4. 
V— Psalm  Iviii.  11. 
W — Prov.  XX.  1. 
Y— II.  Chron.  xxx.  8. 
Z— Titus  ii.  14. 


Six  of  the  above  texts  to  be  learned  by  infants ;  twelve 
by  Standards  I.,  II.,  and  III. ;  the  whole  by  Standards 
IV.,  v.,  VL,  andVn. 

3.  Psalm   i.,  xix.,  or  xxiii.,  for  Standards  III.  and 


Study. 
Infants. 

The  leading  events  in  the  Book  of  Genesis ;  a  simple 
outline  of  the  Life  of  Christ. 

Standards  I.,  II.,  and  III. 

Two  difi'ereut  Lives  from  Old  Testament  History,  to 
be  taken  in  each  year  from  the  following  list : — Abra- 
ham, Jacob,  Joseph,  Moses,  Joshua,  Samuel,  Saul, 
David,  Elijah,  and  Elisha. 

Outline  of  the  Life  of  Christ,  e.g.,up  to  Luke  ix.,  and 
from  John  xi.  to  xiv.,  and  xviii.  to  xxi.  inclusive. 

Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI.,  and  VII. 

Old  Testament. — Same  as  for  lower  standards,  toge- 
ther with  History  of  Solomon,  Hezekiah,  Josiah,  and 
Daniel,  two  only  of  the  above  lives  to  be  taken  in  the 
same  year. 

New  Testament. — Same  as  for  lower  standards,  with 
the  Acts  of  the  Apostles  in  addition,  one-half  to  be 
taken  in  each  year. 

Each  child  to  learn  two  hymns,  to  be  chosen  by  the 
teacher. 


No.  69. 
ASTON  (EXTRA  MUNICIPAL)  SCHOOL  BOARD,  WARWICKSHIRE. 


(1.)  Regulations  foe  Religious  Instructiok. 

■  A. — In  all  schools  under  the  management  of  the 
board  the  Bible  shall  be  read,  and  such  explanations 
aud  instruction  shall  be  given  therefrom,  in  the  prin- 
ciples of  religion  and  morality,  as  are  suited  to  the 
capacities  of  the  children. 

B. — In  Huch  explanations  and  instruction,  as  Well  aa 
in  the  offering  of  prayers  and  iu  the  use  of  hymns,  the 
provisions  of  the  Act  ^iu  sections  7  and  14  are  to  bo 
strictly  observed  both  iu  letter  and  spirit ;  and  no 
attempt  is  to  bo  made  by  any  tcaclicr  to  attach  children 
to  any  particular  denomination. 

C. — During  the  time  of  religious  teaohing  or  religious 
observance,  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  teaching 
or  observance  shall  receive  separate  instruction  in 
secular  subjects. 

D. — The  houis  of  inttrnction  shall  be  from  9.30  to 
12.30,  and  from  2  to  4.30.  The  doors  must  be  opened 
in  all  schools  not  later  tliai^  9.16  in  tbe  woming,  and 
1,^  in  the  afternoon,  and  at  least  oiic  teacher  must  fee 


present  in  charge.  The  door  of  the  schoolroom  is  to  be 
closed  at  9.30,  a  hymn  sung,  prayer  offered,  and  the 
roll  called.  Immediately  after  the  calling  of  the  roll 
the  door  is  to  be  re-opened,  the  children  admitted  who 
have  assembled  in  the  meantime,  and  the  door  then 
again  closed.  From  that  time  up  to  10.5  the  religious 
instruction  is  to  be  given.  At  10.5  the  door  is  again  to 
be  opened  and  the  roll  finally  taken.  The  children 
assembling  during  the  time  when  the  religious  in- 
struction is  being  given  aie  not  to  wait  in  the  streets, 
but  are  to  be  received  into  some  disengaged  loom  and 
there  receive  some  kind  of  instruction. 

The  afternoon  school  is  to  be  closed  by  the  singing 
of  a  hymn,  and  prayer. 

Prayer  shall  be  oifered  according  to  the  form 
annexed. 

E. — Scholars  and  pupil  teachers  afe  to  be  examined 
in  religions  knowledge  yearly  by  the  board  inspector, 
or  by  any  other  examiner  or  examinoiH  appointed  by 
the  board. 


APPENDIXES   TO    FINAL   KKIX>UT. 


38d 


The  time  for  exaniinatiou  to  be  lixed  in  each  school 
at  a  distance  of  not  more  than  three  months  or  less 
than  one  month  before  the  annaal  inspection  of  the 
sohool. 

(2.)  Stllabds. 

PoK  Scholars. 


Infants 


Standard  I, 


Stendurd 
II. 


Standard 
III. 


Standard 
IV. 


Standards 

V.  and 

upwards. 


{ 


Memory. 


The  Lord's  Prat  cr.  Matt. 
vi.  9-13. 

The  3rd  and  6th  Com- 
mandments. Exod.  XX. 
7,13;  Mark  X.  1S-I6. 


The       Lord's       Prayer.") 
Matt.  vi.  9-lS. 

The     Ten     Command- 
ments.  Exod.  XX.  1-17, 

The       Lord's      Prayer. 
Matt.  vi.  !H13.  ^ 

The      Ten      Command- 
ments.   Exod.  XX.  1-17. 

Tlie  Beatitudes.  Matt.  v. 
1-12. 


Tlie  Lotd's  Prayer. 
Matt.  vi.  Si-l.'i. 

The  Ten  Command- 
ments.  Exod.  XX.  1-17. 

Psalm  i. 

The  Lord's  Prayer. 
Matt.  vi.  8-13. 

The  Ten  Command- 
ments. Exod.  IX.  1-17. 

Psalm  viii. 


The  Ten  Commandments. 

Exod.  XI.  1-17. 
Psalms    XV.    and    xxiii., 

1  Cor.  xiii. 
The  Order  of  theBooks  o( 

the  Bible. 


Stndy. 


Simple  outline  of  the  follow- 
inff  Biole  Stories  :— 
.\dam   and   Eve ;  Cain 
and  .\bei ;  Noah. 
Simple  outline  of  the  early 

Life  of  Christ. 
.\11  from  pictures. 


Outline  of  the  Lives  of 
.Abraham,  Isajic,  Jacob, 
and  Joseph. 

Simple  outline  of  the  fact.i, 
and  simple  lessons  from 
the  Life  of  Christ  as  (riven 
in  St.  Matthew's  tlospei. 


The  Lives  of  Moses,  Joshua. 
Gideon,  Samuel,  and 
David. 

A  fuller  outline  of  the  Life 
of  Christ,  with  lessons 
drawn  from  the  followinjc 
parables : — 

'"rhe  two  Dcbto;-s,"  "The 
Good  Samaritan."  "The 
Prodigal  Son,"  "  The 
Merciless  Servant,"  "  The 
fjost  Sheep,"  and  "  'l^he 
"  Pharisee  and  the  Pub- 
"  lican." 

The  Lives  Of  Solomon,  Jero- 
boam, Elijah,  and  Daniel, 
with  ,1  short  liistory  of 
the  Captivity  and  Return. 

Outline  of  Gosjiel  History, 
and  Acts  i.-xii.,  and  Acts 
xiii.-xxviii.  in  alternate 
years. 


For  Pupil  Teachers  .\nu  Candjuatk.s 

let  Tear. 

a.  Oatline  of  the  Old  Testament  History  to  the  death 
of  Moses. 

6.  St.  Matthew's  Gospel. 

c.  Scripture  exercises. 

Illustrations  of  the  Ten  Commandments  and  the 
Lord's  Prayer  from  Scripture. 


2nd  Tear. 

a.  History  of  Joshua  and  Judges. 

b.  St.  Luke's  Gospel, 
e.  Scripture  exercises. 

The  same  as  in  the  first  year,  with  fuller  illustrations. 

3rd  Tear 

a.  History  of  Saul,  David,  and  Solomon. 
6.  Outline  of  St.  Mark's  Gospel. 

c.  Scripture  exercises. 

Notes  of  a  lesson  on  some  character  from  the  portions 
of  Scripture  studied  during  the  year. 

4th  Tear. 

a.  Old  Testament  History  from  the  death  of  Solomon. 

b.  The  Gospel  History  and  Acts  xiii.  to  end. 

c.  Scripture  exercises. 

Notes  of  a  lesson  on  any  portion  of  Scripture  taught 
during  the  year. 

Pupil  teachers  are  to  receive  instruction  from  the 
head  teacher  in  the  subject  of  religions  instruction  in 
accordance  with  the  above  syllabus,  subject  to  the 
withdrawal  of  any  pupil  teacher  from  such  instruction^ 
at  a  parent's  request,  upon  conscientious  grounds. 

The  pupil  teacher  who  is  thus  withdrawn  shall  be 
occupied  in  the  school  in  secular  learning  during  the 
religious  instruction. 


No.  60. 
BIRMINGHAM  SCHOOL  BOARD,  WARWICKSHIRE. 


Resulations  for  Religious  Insiruciion. 

(1.)  The  Bible  shall  be  read  daily,  without  note  or 
comment,  by  the  head  teacher ;  or,  in  the  absence  of 
the  head  teacher,  by  the  teacher  in  charge  of  the 
school. 

(2.)  The  portion  to  be  read  shall  1)3  suitable  to  the 
capacity  of  the  children,  and  shall  be  selected  by  the 
head  teacher,  who  shall  at  the  close  of  each  reading 
make  a  record  of  the  portion  read  in  a  book  to  be  pro- 
vided  for  the  pdkpose. 

(3.)*  The  time  for  such  reading  shall  be  between 
9.30  and  9.45  a.m.,  except  in  the  case  of  schools  in  which 
religious  instruction  is  being  given  under  the  regula- 
tions of  the  board,  dated  December  Slat,  1873 ;  when 
the  time  shall  be  between  4.15  and  4.30  p.ra.,  on  the 
days  when  such  religious  instruction  is  given,  and 
between  9.30  and  9.45  a.m.  on  all  other  days. 

(4.)  Whenever  a  parent  or  guardian  shall  notify  to 
the  head  teacher  his  desire  th!.t  his  child  shall  be  with- 
drawn from  attendance  at  the  reading  of  the  Hible, 
such  child  shall  receive  secular  instruction  in  a  separate 
class-room  during  the  time  set  apart  for  the  reading. 

Letting  SelvooUfor  Beligioua  Teaching. 

15.  Facilities  will  be  aflbrded  for  the  giving  of 
religious  instruction  by  voluntary  agency  in  the  school 
buildings  belonging  to  the  board  to  children  attending 
the  board  schools. 

16.  In  every  case  the  wish  of  the  parents  or  guardians 
shall  determine  whether  a  child  shall  receive  religions 
instruction,  and  whether  a  child  shall  receive  any 
specific  religious  instruction  that  may  be  provided. 

17.  Any  persons  proposing  to  give  religions  instruc- 
tion shall  be  required  to  pay  to  the  board  a  rent  for  the 
use  of  the  buildings  proportionate  to  the  number  of 
children  to  whom  the  religious  instruction  is  given  and 
the  time  occupied  in  giving  the  instruction. 

18.  The  opportiutity  ft.r  giving  religious  instruction 
shall  be  given  on  Tuesday  and  Friday  morning  in  every 

■week. 

■'I         O     '        ■■■   '    il 

•  This  refers  to  times  when  the  schools  may  bo  let  to  re%io[M  bodies, 
and  board  teachers  take  no  part.  Only  one  school  is  bo  let  at  the 
present  time. 


19.  The  schools  shall  open,  under  the  management 
of  the  board,  three-quarters  of  an  hour  later  when  let 
for  religions  teaching  than  on  other  days. 

20.  Any  future  application  for  the  use  of  the  school 
buildings  for  the  giving  of  religious  instruction,  in 
accordance  with  these  regulations,  shall  be  referred  to 
tha  school  management  committee  for  them  to  report  to 
the  board,  with  the  understanding  that  these  applica- 
tions may  he  made  either  :  — 

(1.)  By  the  committee  of  any  simdar  society  repre- 
senting one  or  more  of  the  religions  communi- 
ties of  the  town,  or 

(2.)  By  ministers  of  religion  in  charge  of  congrega- 
tions ill  the  town,  or 

(3.)  By  any  person  willing  to  give  religious  instruc- 
tion, when  the  application  is  sustained  by  the 
signatures  of  the  parents  of  at  least  20  children 
in  regular  attendance  at  one  of  the  departments 
of  any  board  scliool. 

(4.)  Whenever  a  parent  or  guardian  shall  notify  to  the 
head  teachfr  his  desire  that  his  child  shall  be 
withdrawn  from  attendance  at  the  reading  of 
the  Bible,  such  shall  receive  secular  instruction 
in  a  separate  class-room  during  the  time  set 
apart  for  the  reading. 

Mm-al  Lessons. 

21.  Moral  instruction  shall  be  definitely  provided  for 
in  the  time  table  of  each  school. 

22.  Two  moral  lessons  a  week,  of  half  an  hour  each, 
shall  be  given  to  all  the  children  in  the  boys'  and  girls' 
schools,  and  an  entry  of  these  lessons  shall  be  made  on 
the  time  table.  In  the  infants'  schools,  the  number  and 
length  of  the  lessons  may  be  arranged  by  the  head 
mistress. 

23.  The  series  should  include  such  subjects  as 
obedience  to  parents,  honesty,  truthfulness,  industry, 
temperance,  courage,  kindness,  perseverance,  frugality, 
and  thrirt,  government  of  temper,  courtesy,  unselfish- 
ness, and  kindred  moral  duties. 

24.  The  lessons  should  be  of  a  conversational 
character,  and  should  be  largely  enforced  by  illustra- 
tions drawn  from  daily  life. 


3B  4 


384 


ELEMENTARY  EDUOATfON    ACTS    COMMISbtON  ; 


No.  61. 
COVENTBY  SCHOOL  BOARD,  WARWICKSHIRE. 


Kkgulations  fob  Religious  Instruction. 
Syllabus. 


In  all  day  schools  provided  by  the  lioard,  seleotioiiE 
from  the  B-ble  suited  to  the  capacities  ol'  children  and 
approved  hy  the  board,  shall  be  read  by  the  head 
teacher  at  the  opening  or  close  of  school,  but  no 
attempt  shall  be  allowed  to  attach  children  to.  or 
detach  theiu  from,  any  particular  denomination. 

In  all  day  schools  provided  by  the  board,  provision 
shall  be  made  (in  accordance  with  the  general  practice 
of  existing  elementary  schools)  for  oft'ering  prayer  and 
singing  hymns  at  the  time  or  times  when,  according 
to  section  7.  sub-section  2,  of  the  Blementai-y  Education 
Act,  religious  observances  may  be  practised.  The 
prayers  and  hymns  and  ])assages  of  Scripture  to  be 
selected  by  the  board. 

During  the  time  of  Bible  reading  or  religious  ob- 
servances any  childi-en  withdrawn  from  such  reading  or 
observances  shall  receive  separate  instruction  in  secular 
subjects. 

The  portions  of  the  Bible  from  which  teachers  may 
select  their  lessons  are  :  — 

Old  Tegtament. 

The  Book  of  Genesis  vi.,  vii.,  viii.,  ix.,  to  ver.  17,  xii. 
to  the  end. 

The  Book  of  Exodus  i.-xx. 

The  Book  o>  Numbers  i.-ix.  ver.  14,  xxxv.  to  the  end. 

ITie  Book  of  Deuteronomy  i.-ii. 

The  Book  of  Joshua  i.-ix. 

The  Books  of  Samuel  and  Kings,  Ezra  and  Nehemiah, 
Job,  Psalms,  and  Proverbs. 

The  Prophetical  Books,  with  the  exception  of  Lamen- 
tations. 


New  Testament. 

The  Four  G-ospels ;  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Romans  xii.  to  the  end. 

The  Epistles  to  the  Corinthians,  Ephesians,  Colos- 
sians,  'I'hessalonians,  Timothy,  Titus,  Philemon. 

The  Epistle  of  .Tames.  1  Epistle  of  Peter,  1  Epistle  of 
John  i.-iv. 

While  the  teachers  may  read  at  their  discretion  from 
any  portion  of  the  Old  or  New  Testament  before  men- 
tioned, they  are  recommended  to  regulate  the  general 
course  of  Bible  reading  according  to  the  following 
syllabus  : — 

Old  Testivmaut. 

Standard  I. — Genesis  vi.,  vii.,  viii.,  ix.,  to  ver.  17; 
xii.  1-9;  xiii.,  xviii.,  xxii.,  to  ver.  19. 

Standard  II.-  -Ditto,  with  Genesis  xvi.,  xxiv. 

Standard  III. — Genesis  xxviii.,  xxxii.,  xxxiii.,  xxxix., 
xl.  to  1. 

Standard  IV. — Exodus  ii.,  iii.,  iv.  to  ver.  23;  v.,  vii. 
to  XX. 

Standards  V.  and  VI.— Life  of  David;  or  Life  of 
Elijah  or  Blisha;  or  Life  of  Hezekiah. 

New  Testament. 

Standard  I. — Matt,  i.,  ver.  18  to  the  end  ;  ii.,  ix.,  xiv., 
ver.  13  to  the  end,  or  Luke  ii.,  x.,  xv. 

Standard  II. — Ditto,  with  Matt,  iii.,  viii.,  x.,  or  ditto, 
with  Luke  xiv.,  xix. 

Standard  III. — Matt,  i.-x.,  or  Luke  i.-x. 

Standard  IV.— Matt,  xi.-xxvi.,  or  Luke  xi.-xxi. 

Standards  V.  and  VI. — Matthew  ;  or  Lake ;  or  Acts. 


No.  62. 
WORCESTER  DIOCESAN  SCHEME. 


Examination  of  Pupil  TtACUEBs,  Candidates,  ami 

StIPENDIAKY    MONITOKS. 

The  examination  will  be  held  on  the  second  Saturday 
in  November  of  each  year.  It  will  be  on  paper ;  the 
questions  will  be  sent,  under  seal,  to  the  cler^man  or 
corresponding  manager,  who  will  open  them  in  the 
presence  of  those  who  present  themselves  for  examina- 
tion. 

The  examination  to  be  conducted  for  three  and  alalf 
consecutive  honrs  in  each  school  by  the  clergyman  or 
other  responsible  manager,  who  shall,  without  delay, 
send  the  answers  to  the  Diocesan  Inspector. 

The  pupil  teachers  will  be  formed  into  two  divisions, 
and  a  separate  paper  will  be  set  for  each  division.  The 
senior  will  coniprise  those  in  third  and  fourth  years, 
the  juniors  will  comprise  those  in  first  and  second 
years.  Candidates  and  stijiendiai-y  monitors  will  form 
a  third  division,  for  which  a  separate  paper  will  be  set. 
The  result  of  the  examination  will  lie  declared  by 
aiTanging  the  names  in  two  classes  of  distinction,  and 
a  third  class  or  pass  list.  All  whose  names  appear  in 
Class  I.  in  each  of  the  three  divisions  will  receive  a 
prize. 

A  paichmeiit  certificate  may  be  obtained  Ijy  each 
pupil  teacher,  on  which  shall  be  entered  each  year  (1) 
a  certificate  of  character  and  conduct  by  the  parochial 
clergyman,  and  (2)  the  result  of  the  Diocesan  Inspector's 
examination. 

The  following  cycle  of  subjects  of  examination  hi.s 
been  approved  by  the  bishop  and  the  joint  committee 
of  administration  : — 

1880  (and  every  Fourth  Year). 

Old  Testament. — The  Second  Book  of  Samuel  and 
the  Books  of  Kings  to  the  Captivity  of  Israel  (including 
types  and  prophecies  as  before).  (Compare  the  corre- 
sponding portions  of  the  Chronicles.) 

New  Testament. — The  Gospel  Narrative  according  to 
S.  Lnke,  and  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  chapters  i.  to 
xii.  inclnsive. 


Catechism. - 
niandments. 


-Creed,    Lord's  Prayer,    and  Ten   Com- 


1881  (aud  every  Fourth  Yeai-). 

Old  Testament. — The  history  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Jndah  from  Hezekiah,  the  history  of  the  Captivity  and 
the  Return  (including  types  and  prophecies  as  before). 

New  Testament. — The  Acts  of  the  A]»ostles,  chapters 
xiii.  to  xxviii. 

Catechism. — As  above. 

1882  (and  every  Fourth  Year). 

Old  Testament. — The  Pentateuch  (including  a  know- 
ledge of  the  most  prominent  types  and  prophecies 
regarding  the  Mes  iah  contained  therem). 

New  Testament. — The  (iospel  Narrative  according  to 
S.  Matthew  and  S.  Mark. 

Catechism. — As  above. 

1883  (and  everj-  Fourth  Year). 

(Jld  Teatament.—The  Books  of  Joshua,  Judges,  Ruth, 
aud  Samuel  to  the  Death  of  Saul  (including  a  knowledge 
of  the  most  prominent  types  and  prophecies  regarding 
the  Messiah  contained  ti.erein).  (Compare  the  corre- 
sponding portions  in  the  Chronicles.) 

New  Testament.— The  Gospel  Narrative  according  to 
S.  John. 

Catechism. — As  above. 

Special  Notice. — In  each  year  questions  may  be  set 
involving  some  general  knowledge  of  the  portions  of 
the  Bible  that  are  prescribed  for  the  other  three  years. 

Notes  of  lessons  will  be  required  in  each  year. 

Inspection  and  Examination  ok  Schools. 

The  following  scheme,  having  received  the  approval 
of  the  bishop  and  joint  committee  of  the  two  arch- 
deaconries, is  recommended    for  schools   in   which  a 


APPENDIXES  TO  FINAL  REPORT. 


385 


definite  course  of  roligiona  instruction  is  desired ;  but 
the  inspector  will  be  prepared  to  examine  the  children 
in  any  course  prescrited  by  the  managers  of  particular 
schools,  on  due  notice  being  given  to  him.  In  any  such 
particular  case  it  will  be  necessary  that  an  equal 
quantity  of  work  be  specially  prepared  for  the  exami- 
nation, if  the  managers  desire  their  school  to  bo 
classified  in  the  same  list  with  the  others. 

All  schools  may  be  examined  in  respect  of  religious 
knowledge  in  three  divisions : — 

Division  I. — Comprising,  as  a  general  rule,  in  schools 
under  Government  inspection,  Standard  I. ;  and  in  all 
other  schools,  children  not  exceeding  eight  years  of 
age.     Examination  altogether  oral. 

Division  II. — Comprising,  as  a  general  rule,  in 
schools  under  Government  inspection,  Standards  II.  and 
III. ;  and  in  all  other  schools,  children  between  the 
ages  of  eight  and  ten.  Examination  partly  on  slaie 
and  partly  oral. 

Division  III. — Comprising,  as  a  general  rule,  in 
schools  under  Government  inspection.  Standards  IV., 
v.,  and  VI. ;  and  in  all  other  schools,  children  of  ten 
years  of  age  and  upwards.  Examination  chiefly  on 
paper,  but  oral  also. 

Division  I. 
Old  Testament. — Portions  of  history. 
New  Testttment. — Leading  facts  of  our  Lord's  life. 
Catechism. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and  Ten  Command- 
ments, with  simple  illustrations  from  Holy  Scripture. 


Division  II. 


^ 


Old  Testament. — Biographies  of  the  Pentateuch  in 
connection  with  Christian  duties. 

New  Testament.     Our  Lord's  Miracles  and  Parables. 

Catechism. — The  Creed,  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Ten 
Commandments. 

Division  III. 

Old  Testament. — Recapitulation  of  history,  with  the 
Biographies  of  some  one  book  beyond  the  Pentateuch. 

N.B. — The  same  book  not  to  he  taken  in  two  successive 
years. 

New  Testament. — The  Gospel  Narrative,  as  recorded 
by  (1)  8.  Mathew ;  or  (2)  S.  Luke ;  or  (3)  S.  John ;  or 
(4)  S.  Mark,  with  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  chapters  i.  to 
xii. ;  or  (6)  Actsxiii.  to  xxviii.  N.B. — The  same  portion 
not  to  be  taken  in  two  successive  years. 

Catechism. — As  above. 


Itifants'  Schools. 

The  Lord's  Prayer. — With  simple  explanation,  Ac. 

Old  Testament. — Six  picture  lessons,  and  a  short  text 
appropriate  to  each. 

New  Testament. — Six  Parables  or  Miracles,  taught 
from  pictures,  with  a  short  text  appropriate  to  each. 

N.B. — All  children  to  be  able  to  repeat,  intelligently, 
private  prayers,  texts,  and  hymns. 


No.  63. 
STRATFORD-ON-AVON  SCHOOL  BOARD,  WARWICKSHIRE. 

Scholars. 


SciiEUE  OF  Religious  Ixstkuctiox. 

Pupil  Teachehs. 

The  pupil  teachers  shall  I'cceive  instruction  in  the 
Holy  Scriptures  for  1\  hours  a  week  from  the  principal 
teachers,  according  to  the  following  scheme,  and  they 
may,  if  they  wish  it,  offer  themselves  for  the  exami- 
nation held  for  pupil  teachers  in  all  schools  throughout 
the  county  of  Warwick,  once  a  year. 


of 

ity 


In  1881  and  every  Fourth  Year. 

Old  Testament. — The  History   of  the   Kingdom 
Judah  from  Hezekiah.     The  History  of  the  Captivi 
and  Return,  including  the  types  and  prophecies  of  the 
Messiah  contained  therein. 

New  Testament. — The  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  chap, 
xiii.  to  xxviii. 

]  882  and  every  Fourth  Year. 

Old  Testament. — The  Pentateuch,  including  types 
and  prophecies,  &c. 

New  Testament. — The  Gospels  of  St.  Matthew  and 
St.  Mark. 

1883  and  every  Fovrth  Year. 

Old  Testament. — The  Books  of  Joshua,  Judges,  and 
Samuel  to  the  death  of  Samuel. 
New  Testament. — The  Gospel  of  St.  John. 


1884  and  every  Fourth  Year. 

Old  Test*ment.— The  2nd  Book  of  Samuel,  and  the 
Books  of  Kings  as  far  as  the  Captivity,  comparing  the 
Books  of  Chronicles. 

Now  Testament. — The  Gospel  of  St.  Luke,  and  the 
Acts  of  the  Apostles,  chapters  i.-xii. 


The  children  shall  receive  instruction  in  the  Holy 
Scriptures  every  day  from  the  teachers  and  pupil 
teachers  from  9  to  9.45  a.m.,  and  the  instruction  shall 
be  based  upon  the  following  scheme  : — 

Infants.^The  Lord's  Prayer,  with  simple  explanation. 
Repetition. — Two  morning  and  two  evening  hymns. 
Ten  simple  texts  from  the  Bible. 

A  prayer  to  be  used  at  home  morning  and  evening. 

Old  Testament. — The  simple  stories  of  the  Book  of 
Genesis. 

New  Testament. — The  simple  stories  from  the  Life  of 
the  Lord  Jesus. 

Standard  I, — Repetition. — The  Lord's  Prayer  and 
Ton  Commandments,  with  hymns  as  above. 

Old  Testament — Outline  of  the  Book  of  Genesis 
with  special  knowledge  of  the  lives  of  the  Patriarchs. 

New  Testament. — Leading  facts  of  our  Lord's  Life. 

Standards  II.  and  III. — Repetition. — Same  as  Stan- 
dard I.,  with  1  Cor.  xiii. 

Old  Testament. — Biogi-aphies  of  the  Pentateuch,  in 
connection  with  Christian  duties. 

New  Testament. — Onr  Lord's  Miracles  and  Parables. 

Standards  IV.,  V.,  and  VI. — Repetition. — Same  as 
before,  with  two  more  hymns  and  three  Psalms. 

Old  Testament. — Biographies  of  the  Pentateuch  and 
the  Book  of  Judges,  with  the  life  of  Samuel  and  of 
David. 

New  Testament. — The  Gospel  narrative  by  St.  Mat- 
thew, or  St.  Mark,  or  St.  Luke.  The  same  not  to  be 
taken  in  two  consecutive  years. 

Prayers  for  private  use  to  be  taught  in  eveiy  Standard. 

With  a  view  to  encourage  religions  teaching  in  the 
schools,  an  examination  of  the  scholars  and  pupil- 
teachers  shall  be  held  annually  in  the  above  subjects,  at 
which  any  members  of  the  board  who  desire  it  may  be 
present ;  and  the  examination  shall  be  conducted  by  an 
examiner  appointed  by  the  board,  and  at  such  times  as 
it  shall  decree. 


h    5S367. 


3  C 


386 


ELEMENTART  EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  ; 


No.  64. 

WORCESTER  SCHOOL  BOARD,  WORCESTERSHIRE. 

SvLLABus  OF  Religious  Issthuctiox. 

For  the  Scholars  in  the  Boys'  and  Olrls'  ScJu>ols. 


Sections  ot  Scholars. 


Scripture  to  be  learnt  by  Heart. 


Scriptural  Instruction. 


Dmsion  I. 


DiTision  II. 


Division  III. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten 
Commandments.  I'salms  i., 
xix.,  xxiii.  I'rov.  iii.  5-7,  IS- 
IS ;  iv.  14,  15.  Matt.  V.  2-12i 
xi.  28-30  ;  xix.  13-15  ;  xxii.  37- 
40.  John  iii.  16,  17;  iv.  24. 
Eph.  vi.  1-3. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten 
Commandments.  Psalms  viii., 
xxxiv.,  li.  Prov.  iv.  4-7 ;  vi. 
6-11  ;  xii.  19,  22  ;  xiii.  20. 
Matt.  V.  43-48  ;  vi.  1»-21  ;  vii. 
7-11.  John  i.  1-14;  x.  11-U. 
1  Cor.  xiii. 


The  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten 
Commandments.  Psalms  xcv. ; 
ciii. ;  cxxxix.  Prov.  iii.  1-7  ; 
vi.  16-19;  X.  12;  xix.  29.  Eccl. 
xii.  1,  13,  14.  Isa.  Iv.  6,  7. 
Luke  i.  46-55 ;  Luke  ii.  28-32. 
Kom.  xii.  9-18.  Phil.  iv.  6-8. 
1  Johniv.  7-11. 


Old  Testament. — The  Lives  of  Noah,  Abraham,  Isaac,  Jacob,  and 
Joseph. 

New  Testament. — The  principal  facts  of  our  Lord's  History,  as 
reconled  by  the  Evangelists  Matthew  and  Mark,  giving  f  jieeial 
attention  to  the  circumstances  of  His  Birth,  liaptism.  Temptation, 
Death,  and  Resurrection,  together  with  the  following  Miracles 
and  Parables  : — The  Kaising  of  the  Daughter  of  .lairus  ;  the 
Healing  of  the  Paralytic :  the  Cleansing  of  the  Leper ;  the  Healing 
of  the  Centurion's  Servant ;  the  Feeding  of  the  5,000 ;  the 
Healing  of  the  Syrophenician's  Daughter:  the  Parables  of  the 
Sower,  the  Unmerciful  Servant,  the  Two  Sons,  the  Ten  Virgins, 
and  the  Talents.  Examples  from  the  Bible,  of  the  observance  or 
breach  of  the  Ten  Commandments. 

Old  Testament. — The  Life  of  Moses,  with  the  History  of  Israel's 
Bondage  in  Egypt ;  their  Deliverance  and  Journey  through  the 
Wilderness. 

New  Testament. — The  principal  facts  of  our  Lord's  History  as 
recorded  by  the  Evangelist  Luke,  giving  special  attention  to  His 
Birth,  Death,  and  Kesurrection,  together  with  the  following 
Incidents,  Miracles,  and  Parables  : — Our  Lord's  visit  to  Jerusalem 
at  the  age  of  12  ;  to  the  Synagogue  at  Nazareth  (ch.  iv.)  ;  to 
Martha  and  Marj-,  and  to  Zuccheus.  Tlie  Miracles  of  the  First 
Draught  of  Eishes;  the  liaising  of  the  Widow's  Son,  and  the 
Cleansing  of  the  Ten  Lepers. 

The  Ten  Commandments  compared  with  portions  of  the  New 
Testament  enjoining  the  same  duties  or  forbidding  the  same  sins. 

Old  Testament. — The  Histories  of  the  Judges,  of  Saul,  David,  and 
Solomon. 

New  Testament. — The  principal  facts  of  our  Lord's  History  as  re- 
corded by  the  Evangelist  John,  particular  .attention  being  given 
to  the  Evangelist's  Account  of  our  Lord's  Interview  with  the 
Woman  of  Samaria ;  the  Discourse  iu  which  He  represents  Him- 
self as  the  Goml  Shepherd  ;  all  the  Events  of  the  week  preceding 
our  Lord's  Death;  the  Evangelist's  Account  of  our  Lord's  Last 
Sufferings,  His  Death  and  Kesurrection,  together  with  St.  Luke's 
Account  of  our  hold's  Ascension,  in  the  Eirst  Chapter  ot  the  Acts 
of  the  Apostles. 

The  Petitions  of  the  I^ord's  I'raycr  as  illustrated  by  other  portions 
of  the  New  Testament. 


For  Pupil  Teachers  during  their  Four  Years'  Course. 


Year. 


Old  Testament. 


Subjects  to  be  specially  dwelt  upon. 


New  Testament. 


Books  of  Genesis,  Exodus,  and  Num- 
bers, with  such  of  the  Types  of  the 
Book  of  Leviticus  as  are  referred  to 
in  the  New  Testament. 


Books  of  Joshua,  Judges,  Rulh,  and 
I.,  II.  Sanmel,  and  I.  Kings  to  the 
death  of  Solomon. 

I.  Kings  from  the  death  of  Solomon,  II. 
Kings,  and  I.  and  II.  Chronicles. 


Books  of  Daniel,  Ezra,  Nehcmiah,  and 
Esther,  witli  those  portions  of  the 
prophetic  Scriptures  which  relate  to 
our  Lord,  and  the  fulfilment  of  which 
is  recorded  in  the  New  Testament. 


The  Creation  and  Fall  of  Man;  The 
Flood  (  The  Lives  of  the  Patriarchs  ; 
The  Life  of  Moses  and  the  History 
of  the  Israelites  under  his  Leader- 
ship. 

The  Histories  of  the  Judges,  of  Saul, 
David,  and  Solomon, 


The  History  of  the  Kingdoms  of  Israel 
and  Judah. 


The  History  of  the  Captivity  and  the 
Return. 


The  Gospels  by  St.  Matthew  and 
St.  Luke. 


The  Gospels  by  St.  John  and  St. 
Luke. 


The  Gospels  by  St.  Mark  and  St. 
Luke,  with  the  first  12  chajiters 
of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

The  Gospel  by  St.  Luke  and  the 
last  16  chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 


No.  65. 
BRADFORD  SCHOOL  BOARD,  YORKSHIRE. 


1.  Regulations  tor  Religious  Obsebvakces  and 
Instkucwon. 

1.  The  board  attach  very  great  importance  to  the 
religions  instruction  in  their  schools,  their  intention 
is  that  it  shall  bo  carefully  and  regularly  given,  in 
order  that  the  knowledge  imparted  to  the  children 
about  the  facts  and  principles  of  Holy  Scripture  mav  be 
comprehensive  and  thorough. 


2.  The  order  for  opening  the  morning  school  must 
invariably  be  a  hymn,  the  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Bible 
lesson  ;  and  for  closing  the  afternoon  school,  a  hymn 
and  the  Lord's  Prayer.  These  observances  shall  take 
place  in  the  principal  room,  and  shall  be  conducted 
only  by  the  head  teacher,  with  all  the  teachers  and 
scholars  present,  except  as  provided  for  by  Rule  10. 

3.  The  course  of  Scriptural  instruction  shall  com- 
mence at  the  beginning  of  the  twelfth  month  of  the 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


387 


school  year,  and  terminate  in  the  eleventh  month  of  the 
following  school  year. 

4.  The  head  tfeacher  only  shall  conduct  the  religious 
exercises  and  give  the  religious  instruction.  In  very 
large  schools,  however,  the  school  management  com- 
mittee may,  on  application  from  the  head  teacher, 
allow  an  assistant  teacher,  approved  by  the  committee, 
to  read,  without  comment,  to  classes  selected  by  the 
head  teacher,  the  portions  of  Scripture  laid  down  in 
the  scheme.  The  explanation  on  the  passages  read  to 
these  classes  must  be  afterwards  given  by  the  head 
teacher.  In  the  absence  of  the  head  teacher,  the 
teacher  in  charge  of  the  school  will  be  held  responsible 
for  the  religions  instruction,  and  for  the  religious 
exercises  at  the  opening  and  closing  of  the  school. 

5.  The  subjects  selected  for  infants'  departments 
are  those  which  can  generally  be  illustrated  by  pictures, 
and  head  teachers  are  required  to  nso  snch  yuctures  in 
the  Bible  lessons. 

6.  Head  teachers  shall  give  such  information  on 
geographical  and  historical  subjects  as  will  enable  the 
children  to  understand  the  Bible.  In  the  explanations 
and  instruction  given  the  provisions  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Act,  in  sections  7  and  14,  shall  be  strictly 
observed  both  in  letter  and  spirit,  and  no  attempt 
shall  be  made  to  attach  children  to  any  particular 
denomination. 

7.  During  the  religious  observances  and  scriptural 
instruction  no  secular  work  of  any  kind  shall  be 
conducted,  except  as  provided  for  by  Rule  10. 

S.  An  examination  of  the  scholars  will  be  held  in  the 
eleventh  month  of  the  school  year.  Other  examinations 
may  be  held  in  any  part  of  the  school  year,  when  a 
proportionate  part  of  the  year's  work  will  be  expected. 
These  examinations  are  intendcjd  to  tost  the  knowledge 
acquired  respecting  the  facts  of  the  Bible  and  of 
Scripture  history.  .lunior  teachers  will  be  examined 
annually. 

9.  The  examination  of  the  scholars  will  take  place 
between  9  and  9.45  a.m. 

10.  Any  parent  may  object  to  his  or  her  child  being 
present  during  the  time  of  religions  teaching,  or 
religions  observance ;  and  any  children  witlidrawn 
from  such  teaching  or  observance  shall  receive  in- 
struction in  secular  subjects  in  a  separate  room,  by  an 
assistant  teacher. 

(2.)  Syllabus. 
Intants'  and  .Junior  DErARTMKurs. — All  Ykaks. 


Old  Testament. 


The  Creation  - 
Peath  of  Abel 

The  li'lood  and  Noah's  SacriHcc 

'I'ower  of  Babel 
Hagar  and  Ishiuael  - 
Offering  of  Isaac 

Jacob's  Dream 

.To-seph  in  the  Pit 

Visit  of  Joseph's  Brethren     - 

Birth  of  Moses 

Passage  of  tlie  Red  Sea 

Moses  striking  the  Rock 

Moses  and  the  Amalekites     - 

Giving  of  the  Law 

Moses  breaking  the  Tables     - 

The  Spies 

Brazen  Serpent 

Samson's  Death 

Call  of  Samuel 

David  and  Goliath 

Death  of  Absalom 

Solomon's  Wisdom 
Blijah  fed  by  Ravens  - 

Elijah  and  the  Widow's  Son  - 

Elijah  and  Baal'.s  Prophets    - 
Elijah  taken  into  Heaven 
Elisha  mocked  by  the  Children 
Elisha  and  the  Oil,  &c. 
Daniel  in  the  Lions'  Den 

New  Testament. 

Birth  of  Christ 

The  Shepherds 

Wise  Men  and  Plight  into  Egypt 

K     .'55387. 


-  Gen.  i  ,  ii. 

-  Gen.  iv.  2-15. 
/Gen.     vi.,     vii., 

"t      viii.,  ix.  1-20. 

-  Gen.  xi.  1-9. 

-  Gen.  xxi.  1-21. 

-  Gen.  xxii.  1-19. 
/  Gen.  xxvii., 

"1.      xxviii.  C-22. 

-  Gen.  xxxvii. 

-  Gen.  xlii.  lo  xlv. 

-  Exod.  ii. 

-  Exod.  xiv. 

-  Exod.  xvii.  1-7. 

-  Exod,  xvii.  8-16. 

-  Exod.  xix.,  XX. 

-  Exod.  xxxii.  7-35. 

-  Numb.  xiii. 

-  Numb.  xxi.  4-9. 

-  .Indges  xvi. 

-  1  Sanil.  i.  to  iii. 

-  1  Saml.  xvii. 
[2     Saml.     xviii. 

■  I     5-17. 

-  1  Kings  iii.  5-28. 
1  Kings  xvii. 1-7. 
1     Kings     xvii. 

8-24. 
1  Kings  xviii. 

-  2  Kings  ii.  1-22. 

-  2  Kings  ii.  23-25. 

-  2  Kings  iv. 

-  Daniel  vi. 


■{ 


/Matt.  i.  18-25. 
■l  Luke  i.  26-66 
•     Luke  ii.  1-20. 
-    Matt.  ii.  1-23. 


Christ  in  the  Temple  at  12  years  of  l_j^^,jg  y  .^^^ 
a^ge. 

Preaching     of    John    the    Baptist 
Baptism  of  Christ. 


1 


Cleansing  of  the  Temple 
Woman  of  Samaria    - 

Healing  Sick  of  the  Palsy 

Widow's  Son  at  Nain 

The  Miraculous  Draught  of  Fishes 

Calming  the  Storm     - 

Feeding  5,000 

Christ  walking  on  the  Sea 
Healing  the  Man  born  Blind  - 
The  Good  Shepherd    - 
Raising  of  Lazarus 
The  Good  Samaritan  - 
Prodigal  Son  -  .  . 

Pharisee  and  the  Publican 
Christ  blessing  the  Children  - 
Entry  into  Jerusalem 
Widow's  Mite 

Agony  and  Betrayal   - 

Trial    -  .  .  . 

Crucifixion  .  -  . 

Burial  .  .  .  - 

Resurrection  -  .  . 

Ascension  ... 


rMatt.  iii. 
'  <  Mark  i.  1-13. 
L  Luke  iii.  1-22. 

-  John  ii.  13-22. 

-  Johniv.  l-i2. 
/Markii.  1-13. 

■  t  Luke  V.  16-26. 
.     Luke  vii.  11-18. 

-  Luke  V.  1-11. 

-  Luke  viii.  22-25. 
/Mark  vi.  30-44. 

"  t  John  vi.  1-14. 

-  Matt.  xiv.  22-36. 

-  John  ix. 

-  John  X.  1-18. 

-  John  xi. 

-  Luke  X.  2.5-37. 

-  Luke  XV.  11-32. 

-  Luke  xviii.  9-14. 

-  Mark  x.  13-16. 

-  Luke  xix.  28-48. 

-  Mark  xii.  41-44 
/Matt.  xxvi.  36- 
l     56. 

John  xviii.  28- 
40,  xix.,  XX. 


:] 


> 


-J 


Acts  i.  9-11. 


Htmhb.— Two,  at  least,  must  be  prepared  for  the  mominR  and  two 
for  the  evening. 

Uppeb  Depaktju:nis. 
Scheme  for  Examinations  to  he  held  in  1890,  1893. 
Old  Testament. 

Creation  of  the  World  -  .  Gen.  i.,  ii. 

Death  of  Abel  -  -  .  .  Gen.  iv.  2-15. 

The  Flood        -  -  -  -  Gen.  vi.-ix.  20. 

Tower  of  Babel   -        -  -  -  Gen.  xi.  1-9. 

Early  History  of  Abraham     -  -  Gen.  xi.  27 xiv 

Later  History  of  Abraham     -  -  Gen.  xv.-xxv.  10 

History  of  Isaac;  Earlv  History  of  f  ^®°' ^''^r.^A 
.Tacolj  and  Esau        -  -  -1        ~''''^",i' L' 

L      XXXV.  27-29. 

History  of  Jacob  and  Esan-contiimed  -f  ^*'"'  ''^^'L^''' 

L     — xixv.  29. 
Later  History  of  Jacob ;  History   of/  Gen.  xxxvii.  1. 
Joseph  -  -  -  - 1     _^l.  26. 


New  Testament. 


Early     Life     of 


of  John  and  Baptism  of  f^**^'  !"' 


liirth    and 
Christ 

Preaching 
Christ 

Calling    of    Andrew,     Peter, 

Miracle  at  Cana,  &o. 
Christ  and  the  Samaritan  Woman 
Cleansing  the  Temple 
Imprisonment  of  John 

Disciples  called 

Christ  at  Nazareth 
Twelve  Apostles  chosen 

Sermon  on  the  Mount 


Jesus /Matt,  i.,  ii. 
- 1  Luke  i.,  ii. 


Centurion's  Servant  healed    - 

Widow's  Son  at  Nain 
Miraculous  Draught  of  Fishes 

Parable  of  Sower,  &c. 
Christ  heals  a  paralytic 

Twelve  Apostles  sent  out 


The  Storm  qnelled 
Matthew  called 


[Luke  iii. 
&c. ;  /  John  i.  36-51  ; 

-  l     ii.  1-12. 

-  John  iv.  1-42. 

-  John  ii.  13-22. 

-  Mark  vi.  17-20. 
/  Matt.  iv.  18-22. 

■  t  Mark  i.  16-20. 

-  Luke  iv.  16-32. 

-  Mark  iii.  13-19. 
rMatt.  iv.  25;  t., 

-■<      vi.,  vii. 
[Luke  vi.  12-16.. 
/Matt.  viii.  6-13. 
"  t  Luke  vii.  1-10. 

-  Luke  vii.  11-17. 

-  Luke  V.  1-11. 
/  Matt.  xiii.  1-63. 

■  \  Mark  iv.  1-34. 
rMatt.  ix.  1-8. 

-  \  Mark  ii.  1-12. 
LLuke  V.  17-26. 
r  Matt.  X. 

-  \  Mark  vi.  7-13. 
I  Luke  ix.  1-6. 
fMatt.    viii.    18- 
I      27. 

-<  Mark  iv.  35-41. 

I  Luke  viii  22-25 ; 

L    ix.  57-62. 

/  Matt,  ix,  9-17. 
•ILnkev.  27-39. 


388 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


Jairas'  Daughter  raised 
John  the  Baptist  beheaded    - 

Miracles    of  the    Loaves  and 
Fishes 

Christ  pays  Tribute    - 

rorgiveness     -  -  - 

Parable  of  Good  Samaritan    - 
Christ  visits  Martha  and  Mary 
How  to  pray    -  • 

Parable  of  the  Rich  Fool,  &c. 
,,         ,,  Supper 

.,        „         Lost  Sheep,  &c. 
„        ,,         Unjust  Steward, 
Rich       Man 
Lazams 


r  Matt.  ix.  18-26. 

-  \  Mark  v.  22-43. 

L  Luke  viii.  40-56 

r  Matt.  xiv.  1-12. 
-\Mark  vi.  14-29. 

("Matt.  xiv.  13-21. 
Two  J  Mark  vi.  30-46. 

)  Luke  ix.  10-17. 

L  John  vi.  1-14. 

/  Matt.   xvii.    24- 
"t     27. 

/  Matt,  xviii.  21- 
"l     35. 

-  Luke  X.  25-37. 

-  Luke  X.  38-42. 

-  Luko  xi.  1-13. 

-  Luke  xii.  13-59. 

-  Luke  xiv.  7-24. 

-  Luke  XV. 
and] 

and  >  Luke  xvi. 


NOIBB — 

1.  The  lessons  for  practical  life  contained  in  the  narratives  selected 

should  be  carefully  brought  out. 

2.  An  acquaintance  with  the  Geography  of  the  places  mentioned 

will  bo  expected. 

3.  Manners  and  customs  which  throw  light  on  the  passages  rewl 

should  be  explained. 
Htmks— Four,  at  least,  must  be  prepared  for  the  morning,  and  four 
for  the  evening. 

Sehemefor  Examvnationg  to  be  held  in  1888, 1891. 
Old  Testament. 

Oppression   of  the  Israelites,   Birth  "1 

and  Mission  of  Moses,  The  Plagues  I  Exodus  L — 

of     Egypt,     Institution     of     the  |      xii.  36. 

Passover       -  -  -  -J 

Departure  of  the  Israelites,  Passage  \  Exodus    xii.   31 

oftheE«dSea         -  -  -J      — xv.  21. 

Journey  of  the  Israelites  from   the!  Exodus    xv.     22 

Red  Sea  to  Horeb    -  -  -  J      — xviii. 

Horeb  and  Sinai,  The  Ten  Command-  ]  Exodus  xix.,  xx., 

ments.   Further    Delivery   of    the  i-     xxiv.,        xxxi. 

Law  -  -  -  -  J      18. 

The  Golden  'Calf— Moses    a  second  "I  Exodus      xxxii., 

time  on  the  Mount  -  -  -  J      xxxiv. 

Remainder  of  the  Journey  through  "1  Numbers    x.   11 

the  Wilderness        -  -  -  /     — xvii.  13. 

fNumbers       xx., 

I  'VXl  XXll 

Journey  from  Kadesh  to  the  Borders  |      ^^-y    ^      '' 

of  Canaan,  Death  of  Aaron  and  of<(  -n'  j.  i'' \;     -'z; 
-.«•  I  j-'euij.  1.,  u.,  1x1., 

M<^  -  -  -  "!      xxxi.,      xxxii. 

L     48-52,  xxxiv. 

r  Joshua    i.,     ii., 

Joshua  -  -  -  -i      iii.,  iv.,  v.,  vi.. 


New  Testament. 


■{ 


Ten  Lepers     ... 

Christ  blesses  little  Children 
Lazarus  raised  ..  .  . 

Two  blind  men  cured  ... 
Christ  visits  Zaccheus 
Parable  of  the  Labourers 
Parable  of  the  Ten  Pounds     - 
Parable  of  the  Pharisee  and  Publican 

Healing  of  the  Woman   of  Canaan 
and  Feeding  four  thousand 


11- 


Christ  at  Bethany 

Christ's  entry  into  Jerusalem 

Parable  of  the  wicked  Husbandmen  - 

Tribute  to  Caesar         ... 

The  Widow's  Mite      - 

The  Destruction  of  Jerusalem  fore- 
told- .  -  -  . 

Parables  of   the    Ten  Virgins    and" 
Talents 

Betrayal  and  Agony ;  Last  Supper ; 
Christ     before     the     Sanhednm 
Peter's  Denial,  &e. 


Luke   xvii., 

19. 
Mark  x.  13-16. 
John  xi. 
Matt.  XX.  29-34. 
Luke  xix.  1-10. 
Matt.  XX.  1-16. 
Luke  xix.  11-27. 
Luke  xviii.  9-14. 
r  Matt.  XV.  21-38. 

<  Mark  vii.  24-30 ; 
L     viii.  1-9. 

r  Matt.  xxvi.  6-13. 

<  Mark  xiv.  3-9. 
L  John  xii.  1-8. 
f  Matt.  xxi.  1-16. 
L  Luke  xix.  28-^. 

Matt.  xxi.  33-46. 

{Matt.   xxii.    15- 
22. 
Mark  xii.  41-44. 
r  Matt.  xxiv. 
■<  Mark  xiii. 
L  Luke  xxi.  5-;38. 

Matt.  XXV.  1-30. 


rMatt.  xxvi. 
J  Mark  xiv. 
I  Luke  xxii. 
(.John  xviii. 


Judas  hangs  himself;  Christ  before 
Pilate  and  Herod ;  Christ  con. 
demned  to  death ;  Crucifixion, 
Burial,  &c 


Resurrection . 


Christ's  Appearances  after  his  Resur. 
reotion  ... 

Ascension        .  - 


rMatt.  xxvii. 
J  Mark  xiv.  xv. 
].Luke  xxiii 
Ljohn  xviii.,  xix, 

{Matt,  xxviii. 
Mark  xvi. 
Luke  xxiv. 
John  XX. 
fMatt.  xxviii 

20. 
<  Mark  xvi. 
1  Luke  xxiv. 
(^John  XX.,  xxi 
Acts  i.  4-12. 


16- 


XOTES— 

1.  The  lessons  for  practical  life  contained  in  the  narratives  selected 
should  be  carefully  brought  out. 

2.  An  acquaintance  with  the  Geography  of  the  places  mentioned 
will  be  expected. 

3.  Manners  and  customs  which  throw  light  on  the  passages  read 
should  be  explained. 

Htmns— 

Four,  at  least,  must  be  prepared  for  the  morning,  and  four  for  tho 
evening. 

Selwmefor  Examinatiam  to  be  held  m  1889,  1892. 
Old  Testament. 
Judges — Deborah        .  -  -     Judges  iv.,  v. 

Gideon  -  -  /Judges  vi.,  vii., 

I     viu. 
Jephthah      ...    Judges  xi. 
Samson         .  .  /Judges         xiii., 


'l     XIV.,  XV.,  xvi. 
Samuel — Saul  made  King      -  -    1  Sam.  i.-xii. 

ri      Sam.     xvi., 
Reign    of    Saul— Early    History    of)      xvii.,       xxiv., 
David  -  .  .  J\      xxxi. 

(.2  Sam.  i. 
The    Early    part    of   the    Eeign    of  f2  Sam.   v.,    vi., 
David  .  .  .  .\     vii. 

?2       Sam.      XV., 

Latter  part  of  the  Reign  of  David     .-l  ,  ^7^"-'  '^^'^r.. 
"  11  Chron.  xxviu. 

sxix. 
Solomou — Building    and   Dedication!  ,  t^. 

of  the  Temple  .  .  .|1  Kings  m 

Elijah 


Blisha  ■ 


Babylonish  Captivity 


1  Kings  xvii., 
xviii.,  xix., 
xxi. 

(_2  Kings  L,  ii. 

(  2  Kings  ii.,  iii., 

I  iv.,  v.,  vi., 
vii.,  viii.,  ix., 
xiii.  14^-21. 

f2    Kings     xxiv. 

I      10-16,  XXV. 
■i  2  Chron.  xxxvi. 

j  Dan.  i.,  ii.,  iii., 


1 


New  Testament. 
Election  of  Matthias   -  .  . 

Day  of  Pentecost         .  .  . 

Lame  man  healed — Peter  and  John 

imprisoned  -  -  - 

Ananias  and  Sapphira 
The  Apostles  again  imprisoned 
Ethiopian  Eunuch  baptised    - 
Death  of  Stephen 
Conversion  of  Saul 
Conversion  of  Cornelius 
Barnal)as  and  Saul 
Persecution  by  Herod,  his  death 
Barnabas   and    Saul  separated  ;   St. 

Paul's  first  Apostolic  Journey 


:} 


St.  Paul's  second  Apostolic  Journey 

St.  Paul's  tljird  Apostolic  Journey 

From  St.   Paul's  last  Journey  to  his 

Appeal  to  Caesar 
St.  Paul's  Voyage,  imprisonment  at 

Rome,  and  Death    - 


Acts  i.  13-26. 
Acts  ii. 

-j  Acts  iii.,  iv. 

Acts  V. 

Acts  viii.  26-40. 
Acts  vi.,  vii. 
Acts  ix.  1-30. 
Acts  X. 
Acts  xi. 
Acts  xii. 

Acts  xiii.,  xiv. 

/  Acts  XV.  36 — 

1     xviii.  22. 

I  Acts  xviii.  2o  — 

1     xxi.  17. 

/  Acts    xxi.    17 — 

1     xxvi. 

1  Acts    xxvii., 

J      xxviii. 


} 


Notes  - 

1.  The  lessons  for  practical  life  contained  in  the  narratives  selected 
should  be  carefully  brought  out. 

a.  An  acquaintance  with  the  Geography  of  the  places  nientioued 
will  be  expected. 

a.  Manners  and  customs  which  throw  light  on  the  passages  read 
should  be  explained. 
Htmss— 

I'our,  at  least,  must  be  prepared  for  the  morning,  iind  four  for  the 
evening. 


APPENDIXES    TO    VINAJL   KB^OKT. 


389 


No.  66. 
KBIGHLEY"  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOABD,  YORKSHIRE. 


(1.)  BBUUI.A.TIONS  roH  RELiGions  Instruction. 

1.  lu  the  Bchools  provided  by  the  board,  the  Bible 
shall  be  read,  and  there  shall  be  given  such  explanations 
and  such  instraction  therefrom  as  are  suited  to  the 
capacities  of  children,  provided  always  : — 

ia.)  That  in  such  explanations  and  instruction  the 
provisions  of  the  Act  in  sections  7  and  14  be 
strictly  observed,  both  in  letter  and  spirit,  and 
that  no  attempt  be  made  in  any  such  schools 
to  attach  children  to  any  particular  denomi- 
nation. 

{h. )  That  in  regard  of  any  particular  school,  the  board 
shall  consider  and  determine  upon  any  appli- 
cation by  managers,  parents,  or  ratepayers  of 
the  district,  who  may  show  special  cause  for 
exception  of  the  school  from  the  operation  of 
this  resolution,  in  whole  or  in  part. 

2.  Such  explanations  and  instruction  as  are  recognised 
by  the  foregoing  regulation,  shall  be  given  by  the 
responsible  teachers  of  the  school. 

3.  In  all  schools  provision  may  be  made  for  giving 
effect  to  the  following  resolution  of  the  board,  passed 
on  September  18th,  1877:— 

{a.)  That  provision  may  be   made  for  offering  the 
Lord's  Prayer,   and  using  hymns   in   schools 
provided  by  the  board,  at  the  time  or  times 
when  according  to  section  7,  sub-section  2,  of 
the  Elementary  Education  Act,  1870,  religious 
observances  may  be  practised. 
{h.)  That  the   arrangements   for    such  religions  ob- 
observances  be    left  to    the  discretion  of  the 
teachers  and  managers  of  each  school,  with  the 
right    of   appeal    to  the    board  by   teachers, 
managers,     parents,    or     ratepayers     of    the 
district. 
Provided  always — 
That  in  the  offering  of  any  prayers  and  in  the  use 
of  any   hymns,    the    provisions   of   the   Act   in 
sections    7    and    14    be    strictly  observed,   both 
in  letter  and  spirit,   and   that  no   attempt    be 
made    to    attach    children     to     any   particular 
denomination. 

4.  Daring  the  time  of  Bible  instruction  or  religious 
observance,  any  children  withdrawn  from  such  teaching 
or  observance,  shall  receive  separate  instruction  in 
secular  subjects,  or — 

{a.)  At  the  request  of  parents  of  children,  arrange- 
ments maj'  be  made  for  such  children  receiving 
separate   religious    instruction    from   persons 
appointed    by    such    parents,    at    their    own 
cost;  such  teaching  to  be  given  only  at    the 
time  of  the  ordinary  Bible  instruction  of  the 
school. 
.5.  A  copy  of  sections  7  and  14,  Elementary  Education 
Act,  1870,  and  also  of  the  preceding  regulations,  must 
be  hung  up  in  a  conspicuous  part  of  the  schoolroom. 

6.  A  syllabus  of  Bible  instruction  for  one  month,  in 
advance,  must  be  prepared  by  the  teacher  and  for- 
warded to  the  clerk  of  the  board,  at  the  beginning  of 
each  month. 

7.  In  every  school  the  period  for  Bible  instruction 
must  be  the  half-hour  preceding  the  closing  of  the 
school  in  the  afternoon,  on  not  more  than  three  days  a 
week. 

(2.)  SvLLABUS  OP  Religious  Instkuction. 
Svhjeets  for  Scholars. 
FiKST  Yeak  Coukse. 
For  the  year  to  be  ended  December  :Ust.  1878. 
Standard  1. 
To  be  committed  to  memory : — 
Exodus  XX.  1-17. 
Matthew  v.  1-12. 
Matthew  vi.  9-13. 
Psalm  i. 
To  be  studied : — 
Life  of  Adam. 
First  seven  chapters  of  Matthew. 

Standard  U. 

Memory  : — 
Exodos  and  Matthew,  as  above. 
Psalms  i.  and  xiz. 


Study:— 
Lives  of  Noah  and  Abraham. 
First  12  chapters  of  Matthew. 
First  4  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Standard  III. 
Memory : — 

Exodus  and  Matthew,  as  above. 

Psalms  xix.  and  cxxxix. 
Study  :— 

Life  of  Joseph. 

First  20  chapters  of  Matthew. 

First  9  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Standard  IV. 
Memory: — 

Exodns  and  Matthew,  aa  above. 

Psalms  i.,  xix.,  and  xlvi. 

Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of  the  New  Testament. 
Study:— 

Life  of  Moses. 

Whole  of  Matthew. 

First  15  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Standard  V. 
Memory : — 

Exodus  and  Matthew,  as  above. 

Psalms  i.,  xlvi.,  and  xc. 

Proverbs,  1st  and  2nd  chapters. 

Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of  the  Bible. 
Study  :— 

Lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 

Whole  of  Matthew. 

First  21  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Standard  VI.  and  above. 
Memory : — 

Exodns  and  Matthew,  as  above. 

Psalms  i.,  xix,  and  xlvi. 

Proverbs,  3rd  and  4th  chapters. 

Learn  the  order  of  the  Books  of  the  Bible. 
Study  :— 

Lives  of  Solomon  and  EUjah. 

Whole  of  Matthew. 

Whole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


Subjects  for  Candidates  and  Pupil  Teaahet-s, 
FiKST  Yeab  Coukse. 
First  Year  and  Candidates. 
Memory : — 

Exodus  XX.  1-17. 
Matthew  v.  1-12. 
Matthew  vi.  9-13. 
Psalms  i.,  xix.,  xlvi.,  and  cxxxix. 
First  three  chapters  of  Proverbs. 
Study  :— 

Lives  of  Adam,  Noah,  Abraham,  Isaac,  and  Jacob. 

Whole  of  Matthew. 

First  nine  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Second  and  Third  Years. 

Memory :  — 

Exodus  and  Matthew,  as  above. 

Psalms  i.,  xix.,  xlvi.,  and  cxxxix. 

First  four  chapters  of  Proverbs. 
Study  :_ 

Jjives  of  Joseph,  Moses,  and  Joshua. 

Whole  of  Matthew. 

First  18  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Fourth  and  Fifth  Years. 

Memory : — 

Exodus  and  Matthew,  as  above. 

Psalms  i.,  xix.,  xlvi.,  and  cxxxix. 

First  four  chapters  of  Proverbs. 
Study:— 

Lives  of  Samuel,  David,  Solomon,  Elijah,  Elisha, 
and  Hezekiah. 

Whole  of  Matthew. 

Whole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


3D  2 


390 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION  : 


No.  67. 
KmaSTON-ON-HULL  SCHOOL  BOARD,  YORKSHIRE. 


Scheme  of  Religious  Instruction. 

"  In  all  schools  of  this  board  the  schools  shall  be 
opened  in  the  morning,  with  the  reading  of  a 
portion  of  the  Bible  without  note  or  comment, 
the  offering  of  a  short  prayer,  and  the  singing 
of  a  hymn,  to  be  approved  by  the  board. 

' '  That  in  the  further  religions  instruction  to  be 
given  in  all  boys'  and  girls'  schools,  it  shall  be 
an  instruction  to  the  teachers  to  use  the  books 
of  Scripture  lessons  recommended  by  Her 
Majesty  s  Commissioners  of  National  Education 
in  Ireland,  for  direction  as  to  the  portions  of 
the  authorised  version  of  the  Bible  which  shall 
be  read  and  the  instruction  and  explanations 
to  be  given  thereon. 

"  That  the  religious  instruction  to  be  given  in 
infants'  schools  shall  be  such  as  is  adapted  to 
the  age  and  capacities  of  the  children. 


"  That  in  all  prayers  and  hymns  to  be  used  and 
instruction  and  explanations  to  be  given  as 
above,  the  provisions  of  the  Act,  e.speciaUy  in 
sections  7  and  14,  be  strictly  observed  both  in 
letter  and  spirit,  and  that  no  attempt  be  made 
thereby  to  attach  children  to,  or  detach  them 
from,  any  particular  denomination. 

"  That  with  regard  to  any  particular  school,  the 
board  shall  consider  and  determine  upon  any 
application  by  managers  or  parents  who  may 
show  special  cause  for  the  exemption  of  the 
school  from  the  operation  of  the  above  clauses 
in  whole  or  in  part. 

"  That  secular  lessons  in  a  separate  room  shall 
be  provided  during  the  time  of  any  religious 
observance  or  instruction,  for  al!  children 
who  may  by  their  parents'  wish  be  withdrawn 
therefrom. 


No.  68. 
KIRKLEATHAM  SCHOOL  BOARD,  YORKSHIRE. 


Syllabus  op  Religious  Instruction. 

Cov/rse  of  Jnttraction  in  Religious  Svhjects. 

Infants'  Schools. 

The  children  to  be  prepared  to  repeat  very  simple 
prayers,  hymns,  and  texts,  and  to  answer  questions  on 
the  easier  narratives  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments. 

Dvuision  I.  {highest}. 

Old  Testament.— Outline  of  Old  Testament  History , 
with  exact  knowledge  of  the  biographies  out  of  two  of 
the  following  books,  viz. :  Joshua,  Judges,  Samuel  I. 
and  II.,  Kings  I.  and  II.* 

New  Testament. — Outline  of  New  Testament  History, 
with  exact  knowledge  of  one  of  the  four  Gospels,  or 
Acts  i.-xv.,  or  Acts  xvi.-xxviii.* 

By  Heart. — Passages  of  Scripture,  hymns,  and  private 
prayers. 

Division  II. 

Old  Testament. — Outline  of  the  historical  portion  of 
th(!  Pentateuch,  with  exact  knowledge  of  the  life  of 
Moses,  either  to  the  period  of  the  crossing  of  the  Bed 
Sea,  or  the  remaining  period  of  his  life.* 

New  Testament. — A  knowledge  of  the  Life  of  Our 
Lord,  with  exact  knowledge  of  six  of  the  miracles,  or 
six  of  the  Parables.* 

By  Heart. — Passages  of  Scripture,  hymns,  and  private 
prayers. 

Division  III. 

Old  Testament. — Outline  of  the  history  of  the  Book  of 
Genesis,  with  exact  knowledge  of  the  life  of  one  of  the 
following,  viz.  :  Abraham,  Jacob,  or  Joseph.* 


New  Testament.— Outline  of  the  life  of  Our  Lord, 
with  exact  knowledge  of  one  of  the  following  passages, 
viz.:  St.  Luke  i.  .Wii.  22;  St.  Matthew  xxvi.-x.wiii.  ; 
St.  Matthew  v.-vii.* 

By  Heart. — Passages  of  Scripture,  hymns,  and  private 
prayers. 

A  child  entering  school  at  six  or  seven  may  be 
expected  to  spend  three  years  in  Division  III.,  two  in 
Division  II.,  and  three  in  Division  I.  He  will  thus  go 
through  the  whole  course  in  order.  One  who  spends  a 
shorter  time  at  school  will  also  go  through  the  whole, 
but  not  so  completely. 

Instructions  to  Teachers. 

In  giving  i-eligions  instruction  special  regard  shall 
be  had,  both  in  letter  and  in  spirit,  to  the  7th  and  14th 
sections  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act,  1870,  and  in 
such  explanations  as  may  be  found  necessary  no  attempt 
shall  be  made  to  direct  attention  or  attach  children  to 
any  particular  denomination. 

An  examination  in  the  subjects  prescribed  will  be 
held  at  the  close  of  each  year  by  an  examiner  to  be 
appointed  from  time  to  time  by  the  board. 

Passages  op  Scripture  to  be  leaent  by  Huart. 

Division  I.  (comprising  Standards  IV.,  V.,  and  VI.), 
St.  Luke  XV.,  St.  Matthew  xv.  1-7,  Psalms  xix.,  li. 

Division  II.  (comprising  Standards  II.  and  III.), 
Isaiah  liii.,  1  Corinthians  xiii..  Psalm  xxiii. 

Division  III.  (Standard  I.),  Exodus  xx. 

Infants.  Exodus  xx.  to  verse  17;  also  the  Lord'u 
Prayer. 


Alternative  Bubjeets  are  to  be  taken  in  successive  .rears. 


No.  69. 

ST.  DAVID'S  DIOCESAN  SYLLABUS. 

Highest  Group  {Fov/rth  wad  Higher  Standards). 


Old  Testament.* 


New  Testament.* 


Geaesie,  Exodus  i.-xii  : 

i 
1.  The  Creation  (Gen.  i.-ii.  7). 
;  2.  Paradise  (ii.  8-22). 

3.  The  Fall  (iii.). 

4.  Cain  and  Abel  (iv.  1-16). 

5.  The  Flood  (vi.,  vii.). 

6.  The  Flood  (viii.,  ix.  8-17).  I 

7.  Abraham's  (;all,  Lot  (xii.  1-5  ;  xiii.  | 

5-18).  i 


St.  Matthew,  Acts  i.-xii. 

1.  St.  Matthewa's  Call  (St.  Matt.  ix. 

9-13). 

2.  The  King's  Infancy  (ii.  1-23). 

3.  The  King's  Forerunner  (iii.  1.-12; 

xiv.  1-12). 

4.  The  King's  Baptism  and  Tempta- 

tion (iii.  13-17  :   iv.  1-11). 


Repeat  with  explanation  :  Commandments. 
Lord's  Prayer,  Duty  to  God  and  Duty  to 
Neighbour. 

Hymns  f  :  Four  to  be  repeated. 

Home  prayers  f,  for  Morning  and  Kveniug, 
and  Grace  before  and  after  meat  to  be 
learned. 


*  The  teaeber  must  supply  any  brief  connecting  links  between  the  narratives  which  may  be  neces.tary. 
t  To  tie  (onml  in  "  Prayers  for  ScIiooIh,"  by  W.  Walsham  How  (Wells.  tJardnor). 


XPt>U14UIXES   TO    FINAL    HKfOttT. 


391 


Old  Testameut.* 


8.  Abraham,  the  Covenant  (xv.  1-21; 

9.  Isaac,  sacrifice  of  (xxii.  1-19). 

10.  Joseph  hated  by  his  brethren  (xxxvii.). 
U.  Joseph  exalted  (xli.). 

12.  Joseph's  brothers  in  'Egypt  (xlii.). 
l.*).  Joseph  forgives  (xlv.). 

14.  Jacob's  dying  blessing  (xlix.  1,2,10). 

13.  The   affliction   in   Egypt  (Exodus  i. 

1-14,  22). 

16.  Moses,  birth  and  early  life  (ii.  1-14). 

17.  Moses  in  Midian  (ii.  15-iii.  22). 

18.  The  Passover  (xii.  1-28). 

19.  Last  I'bgue  andExo<Ius  (xii.  29-42) 


New  Testament.' 


5.  The  subjects  of  the  Kingdom  (a) 

Their  character  (v.  1-12)  ;  (i) 
Their  inttuei.ce  (v.  13-lti)  ;  (c) 
Their  law  (v.  17-22). 

6.  The  subjects  of  the  Kingdom  :    (d) 

Their  devotional  life  (vi.  1-15). 

7.  The  subjects  of  the  Kingdom  :   (e) 

Trustful  (vi.  24-34);  (/) 
Charitable  (vii.  1-5)  ;  (y)  Doers, 
not  hearers  only  (vii.  24-29). 

8.  The  Kiny's  power,    Leper,    Fever 

(viii.  1-4,  14,  15). 

9.  The   King's  power,   Palsy,   Blind  • 

(ix.  2-8,  27-31).  ■ 

10.  The    King's     power.     Woman     of  I 

Canaan  (xv.  21-28).  j 

11.  Parables  of  the    Kingdom — Tares  I 

(xiii.  24-30,  36-43). 

12.  Parablesof  the  Kingdom — Mustard- 

seed,  Pearl  (xiii.  31,  32,  45,  46). 

13.  The  King  forgives  (xviii.  21-35). 

14.  The  King  returns  (xxv.  31-46). 

15.  The   Descent   of  the  Holy   Ghost 

(Aetsii.  1-11). 

16.  The  first  Martyr  (vii.  55-60). 

17.  Conversion  of  St.  /Vim/ (ix.  1-22). 


Writing  from  Memory. — Standard  IV. — 
Commandments,  Lord's  Prayer  and  Home 
Prayers.  Standard  V.  and  over. — Lord'.s 
Prayer,  Commandments,  Duty  to  God  .-Jid 
Neighbour,  and  Home  prayers. 

Repetition  of  Holy  Scripture  :  St.  Matthew 
vii.  7-14  ;  xviii.  21-35. 


Middle  Group  (Standards  II.  and  III.). 

Old  Testament. — An  ontline  of  that  for  highest 
gi'oup,  Lot,  and  Nos.  8  and  14  to  be  omitted. 

New  Testament. — The  narratives  printed  in  italics 
above. 

Bepeat  Commandments  and  Lord's  Prayer. 

Hymnsf. — Three  to  be  repeated. 

Ilome  Prayersf  for  morning  and  evening,  and  gracef 
before  and  after  meat  to  be  learned. 

Writing  from  Memory— Standard  III. — Lord's  Prayer 
and  home  prayers  ;  Standard  II. — Lord's  Prayer. 

Repetition  of  Holy  Scripture. — St.  Matthew  xviii. 
21-35. 

Lowest  Group  {Standard  I.  and  Infants). 
Holy  Scripture.ft 

1.  The  Creation. 

2.  Paradise. 

3.  The  Fall. 


4;  The  Angel  appears  to  the  Virgin. 

5.  The  Virgin  and  Joseph  go  to  Bethlehem. 

6.  The  Birth  of  our  Lord.  ' 

7.  The  Angel  and  the  Shepherds. 

8.  The  Wise  Men. 

9.  The  Babes  of  Bethlehem. 

10.  Our  Lord  with  the  Doctors. 

11.  Our  Lord  Baptized. 

12.  Our  Lord  and  Children. 

13.  Eaising  of  Jairus'  daughter  (St.  Mark  v.  22-24. 
3.5-43). 

14.  The  lad  with  the  barley  loaves  (St.  John  vi.  5-14). 
Hepeat  Lord's  Prayer. 

Hymusf. — Two  to  be  learned. 

A  home  prayerf  and  gracef  before  and  after  meat  to 
be  learned. 

Repeat.— St.  Matthew  v.  44,  vi.  26,  vii.  7,  xxv.  40. 

Some  hymns  to  be  sung  by  the  whole  school. 


•  The  teacher  mu.st  supply  any  brief  connectiiiir  links  between  the  narratives  which  may  lie  necessaiy. 

t  To  be  found  in  "  Prayers  for  Schools,"  by  W.  WaUham  How  (Wells,  Gardner) . 

it  Lessons  1-12  inclusive  may  be  found  in  Short's  "  Sunday  School  Books,"  Parts  I.  and  IL  (S.P.C.K.),  Id.  each 


No.  70. 

LLANSILIN  U.D.  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DENBIGHSHIRE. 

Stliabus  of  Religious  Instkuctiok. 


Memory  Work. 


Old  Testament. 


Xew  T'estament. 


lafants        and 
Standard  I. 

Standards     1 1 . 
and  III. 


Standards  IV. 
to  VII. 

(course     for 
alternate 
years) . 


Standards    IV. 
to  VII. 

(course     for 
alternate 
years). 


The  Lord's  Prayer 
and  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments. 

The  above,  and— 
St.  Matthew  v.  1-12 
St.  Matthew  xxii. 

35-40. 
Psalm  xxiii. 

The  above,  and — 
St.Johnxiv.  15  31. 
Ephesians  vi.  1-18. 
Isaiah  liii. 


The  above,  and — 
1  Corinthians  xiii. 
Kphesians  iv.  25-32 


I 


Simple  lessons  from  the  book  of  Genesis, 
(Chief  biographies  and  events.) 

Simple  lessons  from  the  book  of  Exodus. 

(Chief  biographies  and  events.) 
The   lives   of  Abraham,    Joseph,   Moses, 
Joshua,  Samuel,  and  David,  in  greater 
( detail. 

Lessons    from    the  Pentateuch.      (Chief 

biographies  and  events.) 
The  law   with  reference  to  the  "  poor," 

the  "  stranger,"  the  "  fatherless,"  the 

"  widow,"  the  "boudservant," 

"  parents,"  and  "  children." 


Lessons  from  the  books  of  Samuel  and 
Kings. 

Lives  of  Elijah,  Daniel,  Isaiah,  and  Jere- 
miah, in  greater  detail. 

Causes  which  led  to  the  Captivity  an<l 
lletum,  with  their  effect  on  the  national 
life  and  character  of  the  Jews. 


Simple  outline  of  the  life  of  Christ. 

The  parables  of  "  The  Two  Debtors," 
"  The  Good  Samaritan,"  "  'Ihe  Prodigal 
Son,"  "  The  Merciless  Servant,"  "  The 
Lost  Sheep,"  and  the  "  Pharisee  and  the 
Publican." 

Fuller  outline  of  the  life  of  Christ. 

Parablesof  "The  Sower,"  the  "Mustard 
Seed,"  the  •'  Wheat  and  Tares,"  "  The 
"  Pearl  of  Great  Price." 

The  miracles  of  "  Water  turned  to  Wine," 
"  The  Draught  of  Fishes,"  ''  The  Infirm 
"  Man  at  the  Pool  of  Bethesda,"  "  The 
Tempest  Stilled,"  "Lazarus  Raised," 
"  Five  thousand  Fed,"  and  the  "  Ten 
"  Lepers  Cleansed." 

The  miracles  of  Jesus  in  fuller  detail. 

The  lives  of  the  EvangeUsts. 

The  "  Acts  of  the  Apostles,"  with  special 
reference  to  the  life  and  missionary  work 
of  St.  Paul. 

Brief    aceoimts    of    Itethlehem,    Sea    of 
Galilee,  Bethany,  and  Jerusalem. 


3D  8 


392 


ELEHENTARV    KOUTJATiON    ACTS    COMM 1S8IOX  : 


No.  71.  , 

RUABON  SCHOOL  BOARD,  DENBIGHSlHiRB . 
SiLLiBus  0?  Religious  Insibuction. 


Standard  I. 


Standard  II. 


Standard  III. 


Standard  IV. 


Standard  V. 


Standard  VI. 
aiid  abovf. 


First  Year  Course. 


Second  Year  Course. 


To  be  committed  to  Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  XX.  1-17. 
Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Matthew,  chap.  vi.  9-18. 
Psalm  i. 

To  be  Studied. 

Life  of  Adam. 

First  7  chapters  of  Matthew. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  i.  and  xix. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Noah  and  Abraham. 
First  12  chapters  of  Matthew. 
First  4  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


To  be  committed  to  Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Matthew,  chap.  vi.  9-13. 
Psalm  23. 

To  be  Studied. 

Life  of  Adam. 

First  6  chapters  of  Luke. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  xxiii.  and  xxv. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Noah  and  Abraham. 
First  12  chapters  of  Luke. 
First  4  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Aoosties. 


Third  Year  Course. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  xix  and  cxxxix. 

Study. 

Life  of  Joseph. 
First  20  chapters  of  Matthew. 
First  9  chapters  of  the  Act^  of  the 
Apostles. 


I  Memory. 

\  Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  xxv.  and  xxxii. 

j  Study. 

Life  of  Joseph, 
i  First  18  chapters  of  Luke. 
First  9  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles.  ' 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  i.,  xix.,  and  xlvi. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  books   of 
the  New  Testament. 


Study. 

Life  of  Moses. 
Whole  of  Matthew. 
First  15  chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  i.,  xlvi.,  and  xc. 
Proverbs,  Ist  and  2nd  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  books   of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 
Whole  of  Matthew. 
First  21  chapters  of  the   Acts   of 
the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  i.,  xix.,  and  xlvi. 
Proverbs,  3rd  and  4th  chapters. 
Learn   the  order  of  the  books  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Solomon  and  Elijah. 

Whole  of  Matthew. 

Whole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  XXV.,  xxxiv.,  and  li. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  books  of  the 
New  Testament. 

Study. 

Life  of  Moses. 
Whole  of  Luke. 

First  15  chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  x.xxiv.,  xc,  and  cxxxix. 
Proverbs,  1st  and  2nd  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  books  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 
Whole  of  Luke. 

First  21   chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  xxiii.,  xxxiv.,  and  li. 
Proverbs,  3rd  and  4th  chapters. 
Learn  the   order  of  the  books  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Solomon  and  Elijah. 

Whole  of  Luke. 

Whole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


To  be  committed  to  Memory. 

Exodus,  chap.  xx.  1-17. 
Matthew,  chap.  v.  1-12. 
Matthew,  cha)).  vi.  9-13. 
Psalm  cxi. 

To  be  Studied. 

Life  of  Adam. 

First  S  chapters  of  John. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  xxxii.  and  cxi. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Noah  and  Abraham. 
First  10  chapters  of  John. 
First  4  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  us  above. 
Psalms  li.  and  cxi. 

Study. 

Life  of  Joseph. 
First  12  chapters  of  John. 
First  9  chapters  of  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles. 


Memorj-. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above. 
Psalms  ciii.,  cxi.,  and  cxxxix. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  books  of  the 
New  Testament. 

Study. 

Life  of  Moses. 
Whole  of  John. 

First  15  chapters  of  the   Acts   of 
the  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  as  above.' 
Psalms  xxxii.,  xc,  and  ciii. 
Proverbs,  1st  and  2nd  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  books  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Samuel  and  David. 
Whole  of  John. 

First  21  chapters  of  the  Acts  of 
tha  Apostles. 


Memory. 

Exodus  and  Matthew  us  above. 
Psalms  xxxii.,  ciii.,  and  cxi. 
Proverbs,  3rd  and  4th  chapters. 
Learn  the  order  of  the  books  of 
the  Bible. 

Study. 

Lives  of  Solomon  and  Elyah. 

Whole  of  John. 

Whole  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles. 


I 


APPENDIXES  TO  FINAL  BEPORT. 


393 


No.  72. 
LLANGWICK  SCHOOL  BOARD,  GLAMOEGANSHIRE. 


SylIiAbcs  of  Eelioious  Instkuction. 

standard  I. 

Three  or  four  easy  hymns,  and  Lord's  Prayer  com- 
mitted to  memory. 

Old  Testament. — Adam  and  Eve ;  Cain  and  Abel ; 
Noah,  Ark,  Flood ;  Tower  of  Babel;  Abraham,  Isaac, 
and  Jacob ;  Israelites  in  Egypt ;  Israelites  going  into 
Canaan. 

New  Testament. — The  Angel  appearing  to  Mary; 
Life  of  Christ ;  the  Apostles  chosen  ;  John  the  Baptist, 
and  Herod. 

Taught  by  printed  cards  (illustrated),  and  Short's 
Sunday  School  Books,  Nos.  1,  2,  3  (S.P.C.K.). 


Siomda/rd  IT. 

Four  or  five  hymns,  Lord's  Prayer,  and  few  Psalms, 
committed  to  memory. 

Old  Testament. — Recapitulation  of  Standard  I.  work 
with  a  more  full  and  extended  knowledge  of  the  different 
subjects. 


New  Testament. — Recapitulation  of  Standard  I.  work, 
with  a  knowledge  of  the  Parables  and  Miracles  of  our 
Lord. 

Taught  orally  by  printed  cards  (illustrated),  and 
Short's  Sunday  School  Books. 

Stwndard  III. 

Hymns,  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Commandments  com- 
mitted to  memory. 

Old  Testament. — Bible  reading;    Joshua;    Judges; 
Ruth. 
New  Testament. — St.  Matthew  and  St.  Luke. 
With  a  general  knowledge  of  work  done  by  Stan, 
dards  I.  and  II. 

Standards  IV.,  V.,  VI. 

Bible  Reading. — Samuel ;  Kings  ;  St.  John  ;  Acts  of 
Apostles ;  with  an  intelligent  knowledge  of  past  work, 
viz. : — Parables,  Miracles,  and  Prophecies. 

To  practise  vrriting  from  memory:  hymns,  Lord's 
Prayer,  Scripture  lessons,  &o. 


3  D  4 


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FOURTH  APPENDIX. 


"  List  of  Districts  in  which  no  provision  is  made  for  such  teaching,  reading,  or  observances." 


Cornwall : 

Blisland,  U.D. 

Padstow. 
Cumberland : 

Egremont  fBigrigg  Board  School). 

Low  Holme  (Colt  Park  School). 
Devonshire : 

Ashwater. 
Durham : 

Middlestone. 
Grloucestershire : 

Nannton. 
Norfolk : 

New  Buckenham. 
Northumberland : 

Allendale. 
Snfl'olk  : 

Buxhall. 
Westmorland : 

Mallerstarg. 
Yorkshire : 

Conisbrough. 

Ellerby,  U.D. 

Havres. 

Heckmondwike. 

Holme  (Hudderafield). 

Idle  (Thackley  Mixed  School). 

Mexborough  (Mixed  Schools). 

Smeaton  and  Hornby,  U.D. 

Upper  Whitley. 

West  Clayton. 
Anglesey : 

Llanfachreth,  U.D. 

Llanfairmathafameithaf  and  Llanddyfnan,  U.D. 
(Llanddyfnan  School). 

Llaurhyddlad. 
Breconshire  : 

Llangunider. 

Llanwityd. 

Maes  Mynis  and  Llangynog,  U.D. 

Penderyn. 
Cardiganshire : 

Blaenpenal  and  Lower  Lledrod,  U.D. 

Cardigan. 

Cwmrheidol,  U.D.  (two  schools). 

Cyloeth-y-Brenin,  U.D. 

Llanarth,  U.D. 

Llanddewi  Brefi,  U.D. 

Llan  fairclydogan . 

Llanfihangel-y-Croyddin,  Upper,  and  upper  pait 
of  Lower  Gwnnws,  U.D.  (Devil's  Bridge  and 
Cwmystwyth  Schools). 

Llanfihangel  Ystrad,  U.D. 

Llangoedmore,  U.D. 

Llangyby. 

Llanllwchaiarn. 


Llanrhystyd,  U.D. 

Llansainttfraid,  U.D. 

Llanwenog. 

Llanychaiarn. 

Nantcwnlie. 

Penbryn. 

Scybor-y-Coed. 

Strata  Florida,  U.  D. 

Trefeirig. 

Tregaron,  U.D. 

Verwick,  U.D. 
CaiTnarthonshire : 

Kenarth,  U.D. 

Kilrhedyn. 

Llanboidy  and  Llangan,  U.D. 

Llandissilio,  U.D. 

Llanfihangel  Abercowin. 

Llangadock  (Gwynfe  and  Llangadock  Schools). 

Llar.giuning. 

Llannoii. 

Llansadwrn. 

Llanwinio. 

Llanybyther. 

Pencarreg. 

Treleach  .ir  Bettws. 
Carnarvonshire : 

Llanwnda  and  Bettws  Gannon,  U.D. 
Glamorganshire  : 

Bettws. 

Coychurch,  Higher. 

Glyncorrwg. 

Pyle,  Konfigg,  and  Upper  Tythegston,  U.D. 

Reyncldstdn,  U.D. 

Bhigos. 

Rhyndwy  Clydach. 

Ystradyfodwg. 
Merionethshire  : 

Llandderfel. 
Pembrokeshire  : 

Ambleston. 

Blaenffos,  U.D. 

Clydey. 

Eglwyswrw. 

Lampeter  Velfrcy. 

Llandeloy,  U.D. 

Llanfyrnach  and  Bglwsfairchnrig,  U.D. 

Llantood,  U.D. 

Llanwnda. 

Llanychlwydog,  U.D. 

Loveston,  U.D. 

Maenclochog,  U.D. 

Meline  and  AVhitchurch,  U.D. 

Nar berth,  South,  U.D. 

Narberth,  U.D. 

St.  David's  (Carnedren  Board  School). 

St.  Dogmell's  (extra-municipal). 


COPIES 


or 


MEMOEIALS  AND  SUGGESTIONS 


WHICH   HAVE   BEEN    ADDRESSED   TO   THE 


EOTAL  COMMISSION  ON  EDUCATION, 


WITH 


INDEX. 


MIM 


411 


INDEX. 


Accommodation    - 

Acts 

Do. 
Acts  and  Code 

Do.        -  -        - 

Do. 

Do.       -         - 

Art  and  Science 
Attendance 

Do. 

Do. 

Do.    -  -         - 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do.    - 

Do. 

Do.    - 

Do.        -  -        - 

Do. 

boards,  school 
Book-keeping 

Byclaws  as  to  attendance  - 

Canal  boats 

Classification 
Do. 

Class  subjects 

Do.        -         -         - 

Do. 

Do.        -  -        - 

Do.        -        - 

Do.  .        -        - 

Do.        -        - 


Code 


Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 


Difficulties  arising  from  national  school 
buildings  having  been  leased  to  school 
board. 

As  to  clause  14  (2)  of  Act  of  1870 

As  to  section  9  (3)  of  Act  of  1876  - 

Comments  on  Qucs.   !>   in   Circular  B   (1) 

addressed  by  the  Commission  to  boards. 
Suggested  alterations  in,  and  resolution 

Suggested  alterations  -  _  - 

Drawing  attention  to  sec.  20  of  Act  of  1876 
and  Article  99. 

Pictures  should  be  lent  to  schools  or  sold 

at  a  low  price  to  encourage  the  study  of. 
In  country  districts  -  -  - 

Reasons  why  Government  grant  should  not 

be  based  on  attendance. 
Difficulties  in  country  districts  ;  reasons  why 

Government  grant  should  not  be  based  on. 
Not  to  be  enforced  after  1 3  years  of  age 

Statistics  with  table  showing  want  of  uni- 
formity in  methods  of  procedure  as  to  the 
working  of  the  compulsory  clauses. 

Irregularity  of,  and  difficulties  attending 
rural  schools  in  consequence. 

Suggestion  as  to  -  .         -         - 

Difficulties  of  enforcing,  when  district  is 
situate  in  two  counties. 

Difficulties  of  enforcing,  where  there  are  two 
local  board  districts  in  one  parish. 

Labour  certificates  on  attendance,  sugges- 
tions ns  to. 

Possibility  of  estimating  unavoidable  absences 
from  school  registers. 

As  to  the  evasion  of  the  law.     Case  in  point 

In  favour  of  single  member  constituencies  - 

Book-keeping  should  be  a  subject  recom- 
mended to  be  taught  by  the  Code. 

Difficulties  of  carrying  out  the  Education 
Acts  in  country  places,  in  a  district  under 
the  same  School  Attendance  Committee, 
where  the  byclaws  vary. 

Children  of  school  age  who  have  not  passed 
exemption  standard  should  not  be  allowed 
to  reside  on  canal  boats. 

Greater  freedom  required 

Recommendation  as  to         - 


Selection  of,  should  be  left  to  managers  and 

teachers. 
Managers  of  voluntary  schools  and  school 

boards  in  the  case  of  board  schools  should 

have  the  selection  of. 
Suggestion  that  the  Code  be  altered  only 

once  in  five  years. 
Code,  Article  109/. 

Should  be  re-arranged  ... 

If  only  one  is  taken,  it  should  be  grammar  or 

geography. 
Elementary  science  should  be  admitted 

Should    be    revised    triennially  instead  of 

annually. 
Suggested  alteration  as  to  grants 

Modifications  desirable 

Should  be  less  frequently  altered 

Do. 

Do.  


Rev.  L.  M.  Williams,  Pontlethyu, 
Cardiff. 

Rev.  Canon  Melville,  The  College, 

Worcester. 
School   Board     for    Deeping     St. 

James,  Lincolnshire. 
Nottingham    School    Management 

Committee. 
Faversham  Association  of  Church 

School  Managers  and  Teachers. 
Rev.    A.   E.    Brown,    Wadenhoe, 

Oundle,  North  Hants. 
School   Boards   of  Ystradyfodwg, 

Llanwonno,  Llantrissant,   Llan- 

twit-Vardre,  and  Eglwysilan. 
Suggestion    from     Committee    of 

Manchester  Art  Museum. 
Statement  as  to  the  Crewkcrne  and 

Wagford  United  School  District. 
Mersham  School  Board,  Resolution 

The    Rev.    6.    Bond,    FarBworth 

Vicarage,  Widnes. 
Bedminster  (extra-municipal) 

School  Board,  Resolution. 
Letter  from  the  Chief  Constable  of 

Chester. 

(Jxford  District  Association  of 
Elementary  Teachers,  Statement. 

Hereford  Diocesan  Board  of  Edu- 
cation, Memorial. 

The  Rev.  Henry  M.  Ellacombe, 
Bilton  Vicarage,  Bristol. 

The  Rev.  F.  R.  Grenside,  Mirfield 
Vicarage,  Yorkshire. 

Mr.  .1.  Bettenson,  22,  Mote  Road, 
Maidstone. 

Rev.  J.  Grey,  Houghton-le-Spring 
Rectory. 

W.  Lyon,  Esq.,  East  Court, 
Wokingham. 

Clapham  Vestry,  Resolution 

Mr.  A.  T.  Netley 

Mr.  George  Swift,  Grammar  School, 
Dent,  Yorks. 


Wolverhampton  School  Board, 
Resolution. 

Rev.  .1.  Salwey,  Broxbourne 
Vicarage,  Herts. 

Executive  Committee  of  the  Na- 
tional Union  of  Elementary 
Teachers. 

Rev.  Thomas  Briscoe,  Chancellor 
of  Bangor  Cathedral,  Holyhead. 

Representative  Managers  of  Lon- 
don Board  Schools,  Resolution. 

Hereford  Diocesan  Board  of  Edu- 
cation, Memorial. 

Mr.  J.  Bettenson,  22,  Mote  Road, 
Maidstone. 

Durham  Diocesan  Board  of  Edu- 
cation. 

Rev.  E.  C.  Collard,  Thatford-sub- 
Castle  Vicarage,  Salisbury. 

Mr.  H.  Major,  Leicester  School 
Board. 

Ipswich  School  Board,  Resolution 

Committee  of  the  Bexlcy   Heath 

National  Schools,  Resolution. 
Mr.  J.  Betteuson,  22,  Mote  Road, 

Maidstone. 
Hartlepool  Branch  of  the  National 

Union  of  Elementary  Teachers. 
Mr.  H.  J.  Slack,  National  School 

Committee,  Forest  Row. 
Mr.   II.   .T.  Slack  and  Mr.  F.  G. 

Sute,  National  School  Committee, 

Forest  Bow. 


xLviiJr 
cxxx. 

CXXXII. 

CI. 

LXXXL 

CLIX. 

CIV. 

XII. 
X. 
XXIU. 
XXXI. 
XXXIX. 
XLIII. 

LIV. 
LVII. 
LX. 
LXII. 
LXIX. 
LXXXVIII. 
CLIV. 
XXX. 

in. 
Lxm. 

vu. 

XCIV. 
CLXXI. 

XLV. 

LI. 

LVII. 
LXIX. 
LXXXII. 
XCII. 
XCIU. 
XXVIII. 

LIX. 

LXIX. 

LXXXV. 

LXXXVII. 

LXXXVIl. 


o    SS887. 


liG 


4fl2 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


Code  .  .  - 

Do,    - 

Uo         -        ■• 

Do.        -        - 

Do.        -  -  - 

Do.  -        -  - 

Do.        -  -  - 

Do.    -  !. 

Compulsion 

Cookery 

Do.    - 

Do.  - 

Do.    - 
Curriculum 

Deaf  knd  Dumb  «ud  Bliud 

Do. 

Do. 
Do. 


D»nominationiU  Kducation 

Do.    - 
Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
Do. 


Do. 
Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
DeaominatioDiil  .Schools 
Oismissalx,  capricious 


Should  be  less  frequently  altered     - 

Requirements  too  great  -  .        . 

Proposed  alteration:  ... 

Proposed  alteration  with  regard  to  drawing 
Do.  ...  - 

Recommendation  to  withdraw  Article  114  - 
Hardship  on  Voluntary  Schools  of  Article 

114. 
As  to  Art.  13  of  Code  of  1884 

Not  generally  successful,  especially  in  rural 
districts. 

With  reference  to  grant  for 

Do.  -  .  .  . 

Do.  -  -  - 

With  reference  to  the  Kev.  Newton  Price's 
evidence  before  the  Commission. 

Present  system  of  Standards  injurious  ; 
recommendations. 

Special  provision  should  be  made  for  the 
education  of. 

Do 

Do.             .           .           .           - 
Do. 


Deprecating  alteration  of  existing  laws 

Do.        -  -  -  - 

Do.  - 

Do.  -  -  -  - 

Do.  -  - 

Do.  -  -  -  - 


Do.  - 

Do 

Do.  - 

Do. 

Do.  - 

Do.  .  .  .  . 

Do.        - 

Do. 

Do.  -  - 

Do.         -  .  .  . 

Do.  - 

Should  not  share  in  the  rates 
Security  of  tenure  of  office  should  be  allowed 


Rev.  E.  C.  Collard,  Thatford-sub- 

Castle  Vicarage,  Salisbury. 
Rev.   J.   Salwey,  Broxbourne  Vi- 
carage, Herts. 
North  Wilts  Association  of  Church 

School  Managers  and  Teachers. 
Church  School  Board  of  Nottingham 
Nottingham  and  Diftrict  Teachers' 

Association. 
Macclesfield  School  Board 
National    Schools    Committee    of 

Preston. 
Rev.  A.  L.  Oldham,  St.  Leonard's 

Rectory,  Bridgenorth. 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Na. 

tional     Union     of     Elementary 

Teachers. 
Council   of   Northern  Schools    of 

Cookery. 
Committee  of  Liverpool  Training 

School  of  Cookery. 
National      Training     School    for 

Cookery,  South  Kensington. 
Miss  F.  L.  Calder  ... 

Executive  Committee  of  the  Na- 
tional   Union    of     Elementary 
Teachers. 
Middlesborough      School     Board, 

Memorial. 
Barrow-in.FuruesH  School   Board, 

Memorial. 

School  Board  for  London,  Memorial 

Memorials      recommending      that 

special  provision  should  be  made 

for  the  education  of  the  above 

have  been  received  from— 

Barrow-in-Furness         School 

Board. 
Birmingham  School  Board. 
Bristol  School  Board. 
Blackburn  School  Board. 
Carditf  School  Board.' 
Croydon  School  Board. 
Devenport  School  Board. 
Huddersfield  School  Board. 
Leeds  School  Board. 
London  School  Board. 
Middlesborough  School  Board. 
Plymouth  School  Board. 
Portsmouth  School  Board. 
Rochdale  SohoorBoard. 
Salford  School  Board. 
Sheffield  School  Board. 
Stranton  School  Board. 
Swansea  School  Board. 
The  Western  Unitariiiu  and  Free 

Education  Union. 
Committee  of  Deputies 
General  Committee  of  the  Congre- 
gational Union. 
Council  of  the  British  and  Foreign 

Unitarian  Association. 
"  Gladstone  "  Club,  Norwich 
Association    of    the    Pastors   and 
Deacons  of  the  Nine  Congrega 
tional  Churches  of  Croydon. 
Bradford  District  of  the  Yorkshire 
Congregational       Union      and 
Home  Missionary  Society. 
Representatives  of  the  MetropoUtan 
Association     of     Strict    Baptist 
Churches. 
Gloucestershire  and  Herefordshire 

Baptist  Association. 
Nottingham  Liberal  Union 
Subscribers    to     British     School, 

Chalford,  Stroud. 
Glamorganshire  Welsh  Congrega- 
tional Association. 
Gloucestershire  and  Herefordshire 

Baptist  Association. 
Surrey    and     Middlesex    Baptist' 

Association. 
Leicestershire       Association       of 

Baptist  Churches. 
Assembly  of  the   Congregational 

Union  of  England  and  Wales. 
Baptist  Union   of   Great    Britain 

and  Ireland. 
General  Committee  of  the  Primi- 
tive Methodist  Connexion. 
Executive  (>)iumittee  of  the  Na- 
tional    Union    of     Elementary 

Teacher*. 


XCIL 
XCIV. 
XCVI. 

xcvu. 

XCIX. 

cm. 
cix. 

cxxxv. 

CLXXL 

CXXIL 
CXXIU. 

m 

CXLV. 
CXLVI. 
CLXXL 

V. 

xxxni. 
xxxvu. 

LXV. 


CLX. 

CLXI. 
CLXIl. 

cLxm. 

CLXIV. 
CLXV. 


CLXVL 

CLxvn. 

CLXVIII. 

CLXIX. 
CLXX. 

CXCVIL 

CXCVIII. 

CXCIX. 

CC. 

CCI. 

ecu. 

CLXXIII. 
CLXXL 


TNDKX 


413 


Drawing 


Do     - 

Employment    of    children 
iu  theatres. 
Do. 

Exception  Schedule 


Exemption 
Do. 

Do.   - 

Da     - 

Exhibition  Schools 

Evening  clnsses 

Do.  - 
Fees,  payment  of 

Do.     • 
Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do.    - 
Do. 

Do.    - 

Do.     - 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 


Do. 
Fees,  school 


Free  education 
Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Foreign  languages 

Grading  schools 
Grant 

Do.      - 

Do.     - 

Do.     - 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Half-time 

Do. 

Half-time  scholars 
Hi/cher  grade  school 
Holidays 


As    to    the     teaching    of,    in    elementary 
schools. 

Resolutions  as  to  -  - 

Elementary  Education  Act  and  Factory  and 

Workshops  .A.ct  are  evaded. 
No  ill-effects  .       - 

Suggestions  as  to  improvement  of    - 


Difference  in  standards  adopted  by  school 
boards      -  .  -  .  - 

Minimum  sliould  be  Standard  III.  for 
partial  exemption. 

No  child  under  14  acd  below  Standard  VI. 

should  be  liberated  .  .  - 

Further    discretionary   power   to  managers 

necessary. 
Children  of  bonti  fide  poor  parents  rarely 

win  exhibitions. 
Grant  allowed  for  tvening  classes  .should  \k 

revised. 
As  to  the  conduct  of  -  -  - 

Should  not  be  entrusted  to  relieving  officers 

or  to  boards  of  guardians. 

Do. 

Do.  -  .  .         . 

Do.  -  -         - 

Do.  .  -  .  . 

Do.  - 

Do.  -  -  -  - 

Do.  - 

Do.  -  - 

Do.  -  -  -  - 

Do.  - 

Do.  -  .  -  . 

Do.  - 


Do.  -  -  -  -  - 

Katio  (if  school  fees  levied  by  boards  should 
be  determined. 

Condemnation  of  system 

Memorial  in  favour  of  -  -  . 


Not  desirable  -  -  .  . 

Do.  -  -  -  - 

A  grant  should  be  allowed  by  Education 
Department  tor  the  teaching  of  Foreign 
Languages  in  elementary  schools. 

System  requires  supervision 

Should  be  entrusted  to  represeatative  re- 
elected boards. 

Suggestions  as  to  assessment  of       - 

Prejudicial  action  of  system 

Do.  -  .  - 

Suggestions  for  improved  administration  of - 

Wrong  in  principle  .  .  . 

Commending  evidence  of  Canon  Cromwell 

thereon. 
No  definite  regulations 

System  is  injurious  ;  recommendations 

Should  be  no  longer  recognised 

With    reference  to  results  of    opening    a 

school  by  boai-d. 
Proposal  in  respect  of  - 


Besolutions  of  the  Church  Schools 
Managers  and  Teachers'  Asso- 
ciation, Chester  Congress,  1886. 

Newport  Pagnell  and  Olney 
Teachers'  Association. 

National  Vigilance  Association 

Hon.  Maude  Stanley,  40,  Dover 
Street. 

Executive  Committee  of  the  Na- 
tional Union  of  Elementary 
Teachers. 

Manchester  District  Union  of 
Elementary  Teachers. 

Meeting  of  Clerical  and  Lay 
Managers  of  Church  of  England 
Schools  in  Deanery  of  Blackburn 

Hartlepool  Branch  of  the  National 
Union  of  Elementary  Teachers. 

Tenbury  Association  of  Church 
School  Managers  and  Teachers. 

Hev.  C.  Evans,  Solihull,  Wanvick 

Vshto.-under-Lyne  School  Board, 
Memorial. 

School  Board  for  London 

Rev.  Arthur  Day,  The  Lawn, 
Fishponds,  Bristol. 

Memorial  of  Borough  of  Clitheroe 

Thornaby  School  IBoard,  Resolu- 
tion. 

Willesden  School  Board,  Resolu- 
tion. 

Southport  School  Attendance 
Committee,  Memorial. 

Rev.  R.  H.  Parr,  St.  Martin's 
Vicarage,  Scarborough. 

Stafford  School  Board,  Resolution  - 

Rev.  J.  P.  Billing,  Leamington, 
Ilminster. 

Bedminster  (Extra-municipal) 

School  Board,  Resolution. 

School  Attendance  Committee, 
Borough  of  Acerington. 

Darlington  School  Board  - 

Letter  from  Chief  Constable  of 
Chester. 

Worcestershire  Association  of 
Church  School  Managers  and 
Teachers,  Resolution. 

City  of  Manchester  School  Board  - 

Board  of  Education  of  the  Epis- 
copal Church  in  Scotland, 
Resolution. 

Rev.  A.  S.  Page,  Selsley  Vicarage, 
Stonehou.se,  Gloucestershire. 

Provincial  .Vssembly  of  Presbyterian 
and  Unitarian  Ministers  and 
Congregations  of  Lancashire 
and  Cheshire. 

Ruri-decanal  Chapter  in  Somerset- 
shire. 

Conference  of  Clergy  and  Laity  of 
Diocese  of  Gloucester  and 
Bristol. 

Rev.  S.  A.  Dougherty,  69,  Black- 
heath  Road. 

Rev.  C.  Evan.s,  Solihull,  Norwich  - 
Midland  Baptist  Association 

Sir.  J.  Bettenson,  22,  Mote  Boad, 

Maid.stone. 
Bev.    J.     P.     Fergnsou,     Shirley 

Rectory,  Brentwood. 
Sir    T.    Dyke-Acland,     Rillerton, 

Exeter. 
G.  A.  Christian,  Nelson  Street,  P. 

T.  School,  Sonthwark. 
Brighton     and    Preston     School 

Board. 
Essex     Association     of     Church 

School  Managers  and  Teachers. 
Mr.  H.  M.  Stockdale,  Mears  Ashby 

Hall,  Northampton. 
Executive  Committee  of  the   Na- 
tional   Union    of     ElemeDtai7 

Teachers. 
Hereford      Diocesan     Board      of 

Education,  Memorial. 
Mr.  R.  K.  Gtpy,  Grammar  School. 

Rochdale. 
Gainsborough  Board  of  Guardians, 

Resolatiou 


LV 

XC. 

XCV. 

CV. 

CLXXI. 

LXXV. 
LXXVII. 

LXXXV. 

XCl. 

IX. 

XXVIII. 

■  CLXIX. 
I. 

n. 

VI. 
XIV. 
XVI. 


XXVL 
XXXIL 

XXXIX. 

XLL 

XLIL 
XLIIL- 

XLVIII. 


CLVI. 
LXIV. 


IV. 
LI  a. 

LXXIII. 
LXXIV. 

XLIX. 

IX. 
LXITI. 

LXIX. 

LXX. 

LXVII. 

CLI. 

CXCVl. 

CLXXII. 

LXXI. 

CLXXI. 

Lvn. 
en. 

XV. 


3G  2 


414 


ELEMENTAET   EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION; 


Industrial  school 

Difficulty    under    which     managers    labour 

Letter   from   Mr.    Iliibert   Iiiues, 

LII. 

in   obtaining  properly    qualitied   masters 

Chairman  of  the  Committee  of 

for  industrial  schools. 

Managers  of  tlie   East   London 
Industrial  School,  Lcwishani. 

Industrial  training 

As  to  instruction  iu  matters  of 

Rural   deans  of  Prescot  and  Child- 
wall,  Liverpool  diocese. 

CXLIII. 

Infants'  schools 

When     practicable,    children    in  the   first 
standard  should  be  taught  in  the  infant 
schools. 

Reading  School  Board,  Memorial  - 

LXVI. 

Infectious  diseases    - 

Hardship  of  existing  regulations  respecting 

Rev.  N.  Molesworth,  Bishopsworth, 
Bristol. 

xin. 

Inspectiou       ... 

More  uniformity  desirable 

Meeting     of    Clerical     and    Lay 
Managers  of  Church  of  England 
Schools  in  Deanery  of  Blackburn. 

LXXVII. 

Do.       .        - 

Means  of  appeal  against  faulty  reports 

Durham  Diocesan  Board  of  Educa- 
tion. 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Na- 

LXXXII. 

Do. 

Recommendations    .... 

CLXXI. 

tional    Union     of     Elementary 

Teachers. 

Inspectors,  school 

Suitability  and  efficiency  of             -             - 

Mr.  K.  Gill,  Bisleham,  Roborough 

XXV. 

Limit,  the  17s.  6d.    - 

Should  be  repealed 

Ashton-uuder-Lyne  School  Board, 
Memorial. 

xxxyiii. 

Do.                - 

Should  be  removed        -            - 

Bedminster         (Extra-municipal) 
School  Board. 

XXXIX. 

Do. 

Should  be  repealed 

Rev.  Thomas  Briscoe,  Chancellor 
of  Bangor  Cathedral,  Holyhead. 

XLV. 

Do. 

Should  be  removed             ... 

Worcestershire      Association      of 
Church    School   Managers    and 
Teachers,  Resolution. 

XLVIIL 

Do.        -        - 

Should  be  abolished 

Hereford  Diocesan  Board  of  Edu- 
cation, Memorial. 

LVII. 

Do.    , 

Do.                      .... 

Clerical  and  Lay  Managers  of  the 
Church  of  England  Schools  in 
Blackburn  Deanery. 

LXXVII. 

Da 

Do.                  -            .            -                . 

Durham      Diocesan      Board      of 
Education. 

LXXXIL 

Do. 

Do.                      ... 

Tenbury    Association    of   Church 
School  Managers  and  Teachers. 

XCI. 

Do.       -           -         - 

Do.            -          -        -            - 

Nottingham   and  District   Certifi- 
cated Teachers  Association. 

XCIX, 

Loans 

Suggestions  as  to  improvements  in  obtaining 

Ipswich  School  Board 

LXXXIIL 

Magistrates 

Should  be  required  to  convict 

Ruri-decanal  Chapter  in  Somerset- 
shire. 
Rev.  C.  Carey,  Kingstown  Rectory, 

LXXIII. 

Do.        -        . 

Case  showing  futile  attempt  to  work  present 

LXXXVI. 

law. 

Somerton,  Somerset. 

Do.        -           -        - 

Fme  should  be  increased  after  first  conviction 

W.     Lyon,     Esq.,     East     Court, 
Wokingham. 

CLIII. 

Do.            -               - 

As  to  clerks  charges  in  prosecution  cases    - 

School     Attendance      Committee, 
Lichfield  Union. 

CXXIV. 

Management 

All   schools  should    be    under  responsible 

Executive  Committee   of  the  Na- 

CLXXI. 

management. 

tional    Union     of     Elementary 
Teachers. 

Merit  grant 

What  standard  of  excellence  is  adopted  in 

Rev.   J.  B.    Billing,    Leamington, 

XXXII. 

awarding. 

Ilminster. 

Do.        -           -        . 

Should  be  revised        -            -        . 

Ashtonunder-Lyne  School  Board, 
Memorial. 

XXXVIII. 

Do. 

Opinion  with  regard  to        • 

Executive  Committee  of  the  Na- 
tional    Union    of    Elementary 
Teachers. 

CLXXI. 

Over-pressure 

Suggestion  for  prevention  of,  in  small  rural 

Rev.  T.  E.  Abraham,  Bisley  Rectory, 

LXI. 

schools. 

Bury  St.  Edmunds. 

Pauper  children 

As  to  education  of            -                -            - 

Clerk  to  the  Guardians  of  St.  Leo- 
nard's, Shoreditch. 

CXXVIL 

Do. 

Payment  of  fees  by  guardians  undesirable  - 

School    Board    of    Macclesfield  j 
Memorial. 

CLXXIV. 

Do 

Local  School  Authorities  should  pay  fees  of 

Stalybridge  School  Board  - 

CLXXVI. 

Do. 

Do.          - 

Borough  of  Oldham  School  Board 
and  Attendance  Committee. 

CLXXVII. 

Payment  by  results 

System  is  unsound  and  injurious 

Rev.     J.     Salwey,      Broxbourne 
Vicarage,  Herts. 

XCIV. 

Do. 

Condemnation  of  principle  ;   recommenda- 

Executive Committee  of  the  Na- 

CLXXI. 

tions. 

tional    Union    of    Elementary 
Teachers. 

Do. 

Resolutions  with  regard  to  - 

Sheffield  Teachers'  Guild  . 

CLXXVIII. 

Payment  of  fees    - 

Power  of  remission  should  be  transferred  to 

Clerical    and    Lay    Managers   of 

LXXVII. 

school  board. 

Church  of  England  Schools  in 
Blackburn  Deanery. 

Do.        -            -        - 

Do.          -      ■      - 

Boyton  School  Board 

Lxxvin. 

Do.        -            -        - 

Payment  by  guardians  unsatisfactory 

Durham  Diocesan  Board  of  Educa- 
tion. 
Manchester  Board  of  Guardians    . 

LXXXII. 

Do.        - 

Do. 

CLVIII. 

Do. 

Managers    should     remit    in      necessitous 

Tenbury    Association    of   Church 

XCL 

cases. 

School  Managers  and  Teachers. 

Do.       -           -        - 

Hardship  of  present  system 

Rev.  J.  G.  Hoare,  St.  Dunstan's 
Vicarage,  Canterbury. 

cxin. 

Do.        -           -        . 

Do.       -              .... 

Nottingham  Church  School  Board 

ex. 

Do.    - 

School  attendance  committee  should  super- 

National      Schools'      Committee, 

CIX. 

vise. 

Preston. 

Do. 

Memorial  as  to  abolition  of  - 

School    Board     for    borough    of 
Bootle-cum-Linacre. 

CXIX. 

Do. 

Should  be  made  by  Department  from  Con- 
solidated Fund. 

Bootle-cum-Linacre  School  Board 

CXXXVI. 

Penny  dinners 

Extracts  from  report  of  committee  for  pro- 

Mr. 0.  Airy,   Her  Majesty's  In- 

cxxv. 

viding  cheap    dinners    in    Birmingham, 

spector. 

1886-87. 

INDEX. 


415 


Pensions,  teachers' 

1 
Government  should  fulfil  promises  formerly 

Mr.  Billiug,    leacher,  i'rce  School, 

LVIIi. 

made   to  older  teachers  at  a  time  when 

Weedon. 

it  was  thought  necessary  to  hold  out  the 

inducement  of  pensions  to  teachers. 

Physical  training 

Should  be  given  in  all  elementary  schools    - 

Committee  for  securing  open  spaces 
for   recreation    in    Manchester, 
Memorial. 

XLVI. 

Do. 

Increased  facilities  should  be  provided  for, 

Metropolitan  Public  Garden,  Boule- 

LVI. 

in  elementary  schools. 

vard,  and  Playground  Association, 

Do.    - 

With  reference  to  certain  questions  asked  of 

Sir  Ralph  Thompson,  K.C.B.,  War 

CLUL 

the  War  Office. 

Office. 

Poor  law  schools 

Injustice  in  withholding  parchment  certifi- 

Mr. Chaldecote,  Strathmore,  Doik- 

cxxvm. 

cates  from  teachers  in. 

ing. 

Do.    - 

Do.            -               -                 -             - 

Clerk    to    the    Guardians,    West- 
minster Union. 

CXXIX. 

Do. 

Do.          - 

Walsall  and  West  Bromwich  Dis- 
trict School. 

CXL. 

Do.    - 

Do.                  ...                - 

Guardians  of  Parish  of  Brighton     - 

CXLI. 

Do.    - 

Do.        -                  .                .                - 

Central  London  District  School     - 

CXLII. 

Do.    - 

Do.           -          -             -           -        - 

Guardians  of  the  Poor  in  Parish  of 
St.  Marylebone. 

CXLIV. 

Do.  - 

Do.        -            -            -             -            - 

Board  of  Management,  West  Lon- 
don .School  district. 

CXLVH. 

Do.    - 

Do.           -               - 

Guardians  of  the  Poor,  Parish  of 
St.  Pancras. 

CL. 

Do.  - 

Do.                      .... 

Clerk  to  the  Forest  Gate  School 
district. 

CLII. 

Prosecutions 

Cost  of        .          -         -                - 

Gainsborough  Board  of  Guardians, 
Resolution. 

XV. 

Do.    - 

Disappointing  results 

Mr.     J.    G.    Lonsdale,    Lichfield 
Union. 

LXXIX. 

Pupil  teachers 

Syllabus,  Schedule  V.          -            -            - 

Mr.  J.  Bettcnson,  22,  Mote   Road, 
Maidstone. 

LXIX. 

Do.        -           -        • 

Apprenticeship  should  be  extended  to  five 

Durham  Diocesan  Board  of  Edu- 

Lxxxn. 

years. 

cation. 

Do.        -        - 

As  to  admission  to  training  colleges     - 

Hartlepool  Branch  of  the  National 
Union  of  Elementary  Teachers. 

LXXXV. 

Do.   -       - 

Interval  between  examination  and  publica- 

The Clerk  to  the  London  School 

CVI. 

tion  of  results  too  long. 

Board. 

Do.        -           -       - 

Training  and  teaching  should  be  encouraged 
by  Imperial  grants. 

Liverpool  Board  of  Education 

cvin. 

Do.    - 

As  to  work  of  the  Cambridge  Local  Lectures 

Mr.    G.     F.     Browne,     Syndicate 
Buildings,  Cambridge. 

CXXXI. 

Do.        -         - 

Remarks  on  the  centre  system 

Glasgow  School  Board 

CLXXIX. 

Rates        ... 

Public  elementary  schools  be  exempted  from 
payment  of. 

Rev.  Arthur  Day         .          .          - 

I. 

Do.    - 

Voluntary  schools  should  be  rated 

Widnes  School  Board 

•  LXXXIX. 

Do.        -            -        - 

Voluntary  schools  should  not  be  rated 

Clergy  of  the  Rural  Deanery  of 
Burnley. 

c. 

Do.    . 

As  to  the  building  of  new  schools  by  boards 

Managers  of  the  Wrekenten  Roman 
Catholic  School. 

CXI. 

Do.    - 

Secular  education  should  be  under  control  of 

United  Methodist  Free  Churches, 

CXVIII. 

ratepayers. 

Liverpool  and  North  Wales  Dis- 
trict. 
Mr.  C.  Enwright,  Bedminster  School 

CXXXVIU. 

Rate,  school 

Suggestions  in  respect  of            ... 

VIII. 

Board. 

Do.        -        - 

Reasons    why    school    board    districts    in 
which  boards  have  had  to  provide  school 
accommodation  should  be  relieved  from 
the  payment  of. 

Gateshead  School  Board,  Memorial 

XXII. 

Do.       -           -        - 

Injustice  of  the  present  system  of  levying, 

Rev.   N.   Stoddart,  Whitby  School 

-XXIX. 

at  Whitby,  for  supplying  the  deficiency 

Board. 

of  school  accommodation. 

Do.                -           - 

Contributors  to   voluntary  schools   should 

Worcestershire      Association      of 

XLVIU. 

be  relieved  from  payment  of  school  rate. 

Church    School   Managi>rs  and 
Teachers,  Resolution. 

Reading    - 

Two  sets  of  books  sufficient 

Durham  Diocesan  Board  of  Educa- 

LXXXIL 

Registers  (class) 

Should  be  kept  tor  marking  attendances 

tion. 
Mr.  J.  Bettcnson,  22,  Mote  Road, 

Maidstone. 

LXIX. 

Do.        -        - 

Do.         -           -           -           -           - 

Hartlepool  Branch  of  the  National 
Union  of  Elementary  Teachers. 

LXXXV. 

Religion  and  moral  train- 

Of paramount  importance 

Executive  Committee  of  the  Na- 

CLXXI 

ing. 

tional     Union    of     Elementary 
Teacheis. 

Rural  schools 

Special  difficulties  of            -            -            - 

Do.                do. 

CLXXL 

Salaries      ... 

Not  commensurate  with  work 

Mr.   G.  Macdonald,    50,  Arundel 
Square,  N. 

LXXXIV. 

School  ago 

Should  be  firom  6  to  12 

Hereford  Diocesan  Board  of  Edu- 
cation, Memorial. 

LVIL 

School  board  elections 

As  to  excessive  cost  of        - 

Board    of     Works.    Wandswoith 
District. 

CXXXIX. ; 

Do. 

Suggestions  aa  to       - 

Board    of  Works    for    Lewisham 
district. 

CXLVIU. 

Do.    - 

Do.           -             - 

The    Vestry    of     the    Parish    of 
Hammersmith. 

.CLV. 

Do.    -           -           - 

Do.          -               - 

The  Vestry  of  the  Parish  of  Si. 
James  and  St.  John,  Clerkenwell. 

CLVIL 

Do. 

As  to  excessive  cost 

St.  Luke's  Vestry,  Middlesex 

CLXXV. 

Do. 

Charges  are  unjustifiable  ;  suggestions 

Vestry  of  St.  Pancnis  ;  Memoniil 

CLXXX. 

School  board* 

Should  control  all  grant-aided  education      • 

Mr.  J.  Bctfenson,  22,  Mote  Ucnd, 

Mailstone. 

LXIX. 

Do.       -         - 

As  to  building         .... 

Clerical   and    Lay    Managers    of 
Church  of  England  Schools  in 
Blackburn  Deanery. 

LXXVU. 

41  fi 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


School  boards 
Do.        -    , 
Do.       - 

School  pence 

Do. 

Schools,  uncertified 

Science  and  art 

Special  schools 

Do. 
Do.    - 

Do. 

Do. 

Special  subjects 

Do. 

Do. 
Staff,  school 

Do.      - 

Do. 

Do. 

Subjects  of  instruction 

Superannuation    - 

Supply 
Teachers 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
Do. 

Technical  instruction 

Do.' 
Temperance 
Training    - 

Training  colleges  - 

Do. 

Do. 
Do.    - 

Do. 

Do.      - 

Do. 

Do.    - 

Do.    - 
Do. 

Do.    - 

.  Do.       - 


Districts  should  be  enlarged 

As  to  building  .... 

Extend  system  of  -  - 

Injustice  of  system  in  practice  at  Southport 

as  regards  the  distribution  of. 
Eemarks  as  to  present  ^stem 

Should  not  be  allowed  to  exist 

Suggested  alterations  in  the  Code  respecting 

this  grant. 
Grant  should  be  increased   .  -  - 

Should  be  judged  ditferently       .         .         - 
Additional  grant  should  be  allowed  to  small 

schools. 
More  consideration  desirable 

Require  a  different  system  ... 


Inapplicable  to  elementary  schools  in  rural 

districts. 
The  same  subjects  should  be  taught  in  all 

schools  in  the  same  year. ' 
Suggestions  as  to     - 

In  apportioning  Government  grant,  account 

should  be  taken  of  the  cost  of. 
Examination  in  arithmetic  should  be  taken 

from  the  books  used. 
Less  arithmetic  should  be  required    - 

Minimum  is  insufficient 


Suggested  alterations  in  the  law  for  schools 
in  rural  districts. 

Fund  for  same  is  necessary 


How  over-supply  has  arisen 
Grievances  of        .  . 

Bemarks  as  to  appointment  of  -         - 

Difficulties  in  consequeucc  of  the  number 
of  teachers  being  required  for  a  cei'taiu 
number  of  scholars  instead  of  the  number 
of  classes. 

Eesolution  with  regard  to     - 

Employment  of  unfraiued  teachers  should  be 

regulated. 

Should  be  recognised  by  the  Education  De- 
partment. 
Should  be  independent 

The  use  of  temperance  text-books  should  be 

recommended  by  the  Code. 
Suggestions  as  to     - 


Aa  to  the  teaching  and  syllabus  of  study 

With  reference  to  the  Yorkshire  College 

Do.         -  - 

With  reference  to  Mason  College     - 

With  reference  to  the  Yorkshire  College 

Suggestions  on  .  - 


Disadvantages  under  which  they  labour  as 
compared  to  board  schools. 


As  to  exemption  from  rates 

Do.         -  -  - 

Do.         - 

As  to  preservation  of 

Subject  to  hardships 


Hartlepool  Branch  of  the  National  |      LXXXV. 

Union  of  Elementary  Teachers. 
Tenbury  Association    of   Church  XCI. 

School  Managers  and  Teachers. 
Primitive    Methodist    Conference,  CXXVI. 

Scarborough. 
Southport      School      Attendance  XVI. 

Committee,  Memorial. 
Eev.    B.    Wright,   Rectory,    Dar-  XXXIV. 

laston. 
Bedminster       (Extra-municipal)  XXXIX. 

School  Board,  Resolution. 
Mr.  Howard,  Liverpool  -        -  XXVI. 

Durham      Diocesan       Board      of        LXXXII. 

Education. 

Widues  School  Board  -  -         LXXXIX. 

Rev.  E.  C.  Collard,  Thatford-sub-  XCII. 

Castle  Vicarage,  Salisbury. 
Eev.      J.     .Salwey,      Broxboume  XCIV. 

Vicarage,  Herts. 
Association  of  Church  of  England  CVII. 

School  Managers  and  Teachers 

from   Deaneries   of  Frome   and 

Midsomer  Norton, 
Sir    T.    Dyke-Acland,    Eillerton,  LXVII. 

Exeter. 
Mr.  J.  Bettenson,  22,  Mote  Road,  LXIX. 

Maidstone. 
Mr.  A.  Foggo,  3,  Chepstow  Place,  XCVIII. 

Twickenham. 
Essex  Diocesan  Board  of  Educa-  XL. 

tion. 
Hartlepool  Branch  of  the  National  LXXXV. 

Union  of  Elementary  Teachers. 
Rev.  E.  C.  CoUard,  Thatford-sub-  XCII. 

Castle  Vicarage,  Salisbury. 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Na-  CLXXI. 

tional     Union     of    Elementary 

Teachers. 
Mr.  H.  Vander  Vord,  Clerk  to  the  LXXIL 

Shefford,  Everton,  and  Campton 

School  Boards. 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Na-  CLXXI. 

tional     Union     of     Elementary 

Teachers. 

Do.  do.  -  CLXXL 

Mr.      Williams,      Bethos-Garman  XXIV., 

Board  School. 
Mr.  Reginald  Gill,  Bickham,  Eo-  XXV. 

borough. 
Oxford  District  Association  of  Ele-  LIV. 

raentary  Teachers,  Statement. 


Ruri-decanal  Chapter  in  Somerset-  LXXIII. 

shire. 
Chichester   Congress    of    General  CXXXIV. 

Association   of   Church   School 

Managers  and  Teachers. 
Ipswich  School  Board        -  .-  L. 

Association     of    Church     School  CXCV. 

Managers  and  Teachers. 
Bristol  Band  of  Hope  Union,  Ee-  XXXV. 

solution. 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Na-  CLXXI. 

tional     Union    of    Elementary 

Mr.  T.  W.  Sharpe,  Her  Majesty's  LXXX. 

Inspector. 

Coimcil  of  the  Yorkshire  College,  '    CXII. 

Leeds. 

Leeds  School  Board                        -  CXV. 

tiouncil  of  the  Mason  Science  Col-  CXVI. 

Leeds  Church  Day  School  Associa-  CXVII . 

tion. 
Memorial  on  behalf  of  Training         CLXXXI. 

Colleges  presented  by  Rev.  T. 

Slater,     Whitchurch     Rectory, 

Reading. 
The  Roman   Catholic  Archbishops  XXVHI. 

in  Scotland  and  the  Managers  of 

Eoman  Catholic  Schools  in  Scot- 
land, about  90  memorials. 
Rev.  H.  Hicks,  Tynemouth  Priory  LXX VI . 

Vicarage,  Northumberland. 
Widnes  School  Board        -  -         LXXXIX. 

Tenbury    Association    of    Church  01.. 

School  Managers  and  Teachers. 
Religious    Education    Union,    13,  CXIV. 

Carlton  Road,  Kilburn,  N.W.        , 
Lady  Superior  and  Sisters  of  the  CXX. 

Church,  Randolph  Gardens,  N.W.  I 


INDEX. 


417 


Voluntary  schools 

Difficulties  in  maintaining 

Mr.   J.   D.  Mathews,   18,  Milncr 
Square,  Islington. 

cxxxvm. 

Do. 

As  to  waintcuance  of           -            -            - 

English  Church  Union 

CLXXXII. 

Do. 

Suhscribers  to,  should  Bo  excused  School 

Gloucester  and    District  Associa- 

CLXXXIII. 

ISoard  rate. 

tion  of  Church  School  Managers 
and  Teachers. 

Do. 

Desires  increase  of  grant  to          - 

Conference   of   Clergy  and   Laity 
of  Rural  Deanery  of  Kensington. 

CLXXXIV. 

Do. 

Difficulties  in   maintaining ;  relief  required 

Rui-al   Dean   and  Clergy  of   Bel- 

CLXXXV. 

for. 

lingham  Deanery,  Newcastle. 

Do. 

Do.         -            ,            -            .            . 

Clergy,  Managers,  and  Supporters 
of    Voluntary   Schools    in    the 
Newcastle  Deanery. 

CLXXXVI. 

Do. 

Do.          - 

Clergy,  Managers,  and  Supporters 
of    Voluntary    Schools    in    the 
Newcastle  Diocese. 

CLXXXVII. 

Do. 

Injustice  to  Voluntary  Schools  by  School 
Board ;  remission  of  fees. 

Nottingham  Church  School  Board 

CLXXXVIIL 

Do.    - 

Position     of     Voluntary    and    Rate-aided 
Schools  should  be  equalised. 

Do.                do. 

CLXXXIX. 

Do. 

Do 

Clergy,  Managers,  and  Supporters 
of  Voluntary  Schools  in  North- 
umberland. 

CXC. 

Do. 

Relief  required   for;    with   suggestions   for 

Managers  and  persons  interested  in 

CXCI. 

carrying  it  into  effect. 

Voluntary   (or  Denominational) 
Schools  of  England. 

Do.    - 

Do.          - 

Clergy,  Managers,  and  Supporters 
of    Voluntary    Schools    in    the 
Diocese  of  St.  Asaph. 

CXCII. 

Do. 

Do. 

Clergy    of  Deanery    of   Bulmer, 
York  Diocese. 

CXCIIL 

Do. 

Subscribers    to,    should    be  relieved   from 

Clergj'  of  Rural  Deanery  of  Shore- 

CXCIV. 

payment  of  rates. 

ham. 

Welsh  language 

Reading  and  writing  of  the  Welsh  language 

Council  of   the   Society  for  Uti- 

XLIV. 

should  be  taught  side  by  side  with  that  of 

lizing    the      Welsh     Language, 

English  in  Welsh  schools. 

Memorial. 

Do. 

Should  not  be  taught  in  Welsh  schools 

Rev.  Thomas  Briscoe,  Chancellor 
of  Bangor  Cathedral,  Incumbent 
of  Holyhead. 

XLV. 

Do. 

Suggestions  as  to  the  language 

Executive  Committee  of  the  Na- 
tional    Union    of    Elementary 
Teachers. 

CLXXI. 

APPENDIXES    TO   FINAL   REPOBT. 


419 


MEMORIALS  AND  SUGGESTIONS. 


SooBESTioNs  by  the  Rev.  Abthuk  Day,  of  The  Lawn, 
Fishponds,  Bristol. 

1.  That  all  schools  recognized  by  the  Department  be 

free  from  rates  levied  for  the  poor  or  for  local 
purposes. 

2.  That  school  boards  and  school  attendance    com- 

mittees shall  have  power  to  rate  the  districts 
under  their  management  for  the  purpose  of 
carrying  on  only  the  existing  schools  under 
present  management,  where  such  schools  are 
efficient  and  sufficient,  and  of  providing  and 
maintaining  other  schools  where  present  schools 
are  not  efficient  and  sufficient  for  the  require- 
ments of  the  district. 

3.  That  school  boards  and  school  attendance  com- 

mittees shall  have  power  to  summon  before  them, 
parents  and  guardians  of  children  not  attending 
any  efficient  school,  or  attending  irregularly,  and 
of  fining  them  where  they  consider  it  advisable 
to  do  so   (such  fines  to  be  recoverable  by   the 
same  means  by  which  fines  imposed  by  magis- 
trates are  now  recovered),  and  of  remitting  the 
school  fees  where  they  consider  such  a  course 
the  best  to  adopt. 
At  present,  school  attendance  committees  are  found 
fault  with  by  the  Committee  of  Council  for  irregular 
attendance  of  children,  which  they  have  no  power  to 
prevent ;  and  the  attendance  of  parents  before  the  poor 
law  guardians  to  obtain  an  order  for  payment  of  school 
fees  by  the  relieving  officers,  appears  to  bo  attended 
with  such  bad  results,  that  no  one  having  the  interest 
at  heart  of  those  whoso  poverty  is  no  crime  could  wish 
to  have  it  continued. 


in. 

SuGGESTioKS  by  Mr.  A.  F.  Noxibt. 

_  I  see  in  the  code  that  many  subjects,  such  as  Phy- 
siology, Botany,  French,  Elementary  Science,  Algebra, 
Latin,  Chemistry,  and  Physics,  though  not  rendered 
obligatory  on  the  part  of  the  teachers,  are  yet  allowed 
tr>  be  taught  in  the  various  board  schools.  Now,  it  appears 
to  me  that  there  is  one  subject  wanting,  which,  in  a 
commercial  country  like  England,  is  of  the  utmost 
importance,  and  that  is,  "  Book-keeping." 

The  above  are  all  very  necessary  in  the  higher  class 
education,  and  I  do  not  find  fault  with  their  permissive 
introduction,  but  1  do  think  that  "book-keeping" 
should  also  form  a  portion  of  the  course.  Not  that  I 
desire  to  rear  up  a  number  of  clerks  (there  are  too 
many  as  it  is),  but  I  consider  that  as  most  of  the 
pupils  are  likely  to  be  engaged  in  trade,  they  should 
understand  something  of  the  principles  which  regulate 
the  keeping  of  accounts.  How  often  do  we  hear  of 
cases  in  the  Bankruptcy  Court,  where  the  insolvent 
trader  has  been  guilty  of  bad  book-keeping,  and  how 
often  do  we  see  his  clerk  punished  for  defalcations, 
owing  to  the  master  not  understanding  how  to  keep  a 
proper  check  over  him.  These  and  sundry  other  evils, 
may  to  a  great  extent  be  lessened  by  proper  teaching, 
and  I  would  strongly  urge  the  Commission  to  take  the 
matter  into  their  consideration.  It  may  so  easily  form 
a  supplement  to  the  first  few  rules  of  arithmetic  that 
pupils  will  readily  and  insensibly  acquire  a  knowledge 
which  cannot  fail  to  be  of  service  in  after  life. 


n. 

Borough  ot  Clithekoe. 

The  council  of  this  borough  desire  respectfully  to 
call  the  attention  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  Ele- 
mentary Education  to  the  great  im}K>rtance  of  em- 
powering school  attendance  committees  of  municipal 
corporations  to  give  school  fees  in  non-pauper  cases 
within  their  jurisdiction,  either  from  the  poor  rates 
made  in  the  borough,  or  the  borough  fund.  The 
officers  of  such  committees  have  necessarily  to  inquire 
into,  and  become  familiar  with,  the  circumstances  of 
parents  who  are  unable  by  reason  of  poverty  to  pay 
the  ordinary  fees,  and  are  in  a  better  position  to  form 
an  opinion  as  to  where  such  fees  ought  to  be  granted, 
than  relieving  officers  whose  duties  bring  them  more 
immediately  in  contact  with  ordinary  paupers  ;  and  if 
school  attendance  committees  of  corporations  were 
empowered  to  grant  such  fees,  only  one  inquiry  would 
be  needed,  and  such  parents  would  not  be  under  the 
necessity  of  also  going  before  relieving  officers  for  a 
further  investigation  of  their  cases,  nor  before  the 
guardians  to  obtain  a  grant  of  the  fees. 

The  present  system  is  a  double  one  without  any 
saving  of  expense,  and  imposes  upon  those  parents  who 
arc  unable  to  pay  school  fees  the  disagreeable  necessity 
of  making  application  to  relieving  officers  and  the 
guardians  for  school  pence,  and  the  odium  of  being 
considered  on  the  same  footing  as  ordinary  paupers. 

Under  these  circumstances  the  council  respectfully 
suggest  that  the  Education  Acts  should  bo  amended  so 
as  to  give  school  attendance  committees  of  municipal 
corporations  the  power  of  granting  school  fees  in  non- 
pauper  cases. 

By  order, 

Town  Hall,  (^litheroo,  Jas.  Gaenett, 

28th  January  1886.  Mayor. 


IV. 

From  the  Rev.  A.  S.  Page,  of  Selsley  Vicarage, 
Stonehouse,  Gloucestershire. 

Will  you  allow  me  to  draw  the  attention  of  the  Educa- 
tion Commission  to  the  article  on  "  Manual  Training, 
"  by  Professor  Charles  H.  Ham,"  in  Harper's  Magazine 
for  February  1886  ?  It  gives  an  account  of  the  recent 
progress  of  technical  education  in  the  United  States  of 
America,  which  is  full  of  interest  to  educationalists. 
The  perusal  of  it  by  the  members  of  the  Commission 
would  be  a  very  useful  addition  to  the  evidence  to  be 
laid  before  them,  and  would  probably  lead  to  the 
sending  of  an  Assistant  Commissioner  to  the  States  to 
report. 

As  one  who  has  been  a  school  manager  for  32  years, 
I  would  draw  attention  to  one  or  two  points  in  tho 
working  of  the  Elementary  Education  Acts. 

One  is,  as  to  the  age  and  manner  in  which  children 
leave  school.  Here,  if  they  are  not  going  to  work  in 
the  factory,  they  leave  just  when  and  how  they  like, 
and  we,  as  managers  and  teachers,  are  in  no  way  bound 
to  report  their  ieauwjjr  school,  though  we  are  asked  by 
the  school  attendance  oflScer  of  Stroud  Union  to  report 
scholars  who  are  irregular  in  attendance.  I  should 
decline  to  act  as  an  info-rmer  against  my  parishioners. 
The  thing  ought  to  be  worked  by  the  attendance  oflScer, 
who  should  look  at  the  registers  and  see  by  the 
counterfoils  if  the  child  has  its  proper  leaving 
certiticate. 

The  standard  to  be  reached  ought  to  bo  in  all  schools 
the  fifth,  if  not  the  sixth  (our  bye-laws  only  require  the 
fourth),  with  the  saving  clause  of  having  attended 
school  for  250  times  for  six  or  five  years  since  five  years 
of  age.  It  is  now  five,  but  if  the  siandard  be  raised  to 
V.  it  should  be  six. 

If  there  is  room  for  "  free  e<liication  "  anywhere  it  is 
at  the  top  of  the  elementary  school,  ou  the  princi,)le  of 
the  honour  certificates,  now  done  away  with.  So 
useful  did  our  school  committer  find  them  in  keeping 
elder  scholars,  that  we  return  scholars  in  Standards  V., 
VI.,  and  VII.  their  school  fees  on  the  conditions  of  the 
honour  certificates,  viz.,  that  they  shall  have  attended 
school  for  350  times  for  five  years  since  five  years  of 


O  S.").?*!?. 


3H 


420 


ELEMBNTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION: 


aee  pass  the  Fourth  Standard  before  they  are  11,  aud 
mes  in  Standards  V.,  VI.,  or  VII.,  in  the  three  ele- 
mentary  subjects.  This  plan  has  kept  several  scholars 
in  the  school  to  pass  these  higher  standai-ds.  The 
people  have  been  so  used  to  have  their  children  begin 
to  earn  wages  at  10  or  11  that  they,  some  of  them, 
complain  at  their  being  compelled  to  stay  at  school  till 
they  are  12  or  13.  The  retui-n  of  the  school  fees  would 
reconcile  them  to  the  new  state  of  things,  and  the  fact 
that  this  return  depends  on  their  passing  induces  the 
children  to  work.  . 

Only  last  Saturday  a  mother  was  saying  that  as  her 
boy  had  passed  Standard  IV.  before  he  was  11,  he 
would  get  "the  Queen's  Bounty,"  in  the  shape  of 
returned  school  fees  ;  and  both  mother  aud  boy  looked 
very  much  disappointed  when  I  told  them  that  honour 
certificates  were  not  now  granted.  The  boy  does  not 
attend  Selsley  School. 

Constantly  amongst  the  poor  as  I  am,  I  hear  no 
demand  for  a  "  free  education,"  and  I  doubt  if  the 
granting  it  would  promote  attendance  at  school.  On 
the  contrary,  my  experience  is,  that  when  I  pay  school 
foes  for  children  they  attend  most  irregularly.  When, 
twice  in  the  last  20  years,  we  raised  the  school  fees,  our 
attendance  increased. 

In  the  interest  of  education  I  wonld  deprecate  the 
spread  of  school  boards  in  country  parishes.  The  aim 
of  such  boards  is  too  often  to  save  the  rates  rather  than 
to  promote  education,  as  H.M.  Inspectors  could  testify 
in  many  cases.  i.  ir  i  . 

As  a  parent  who  was  last  year  spendmg  halt  his 
income  in  the  higher  education  of  his  children,  I  would 
deprecate  the  "  free  education,"  which  would  require  a 
twopenny  income-tax  to  pay  for  it.  ^^ 

If  "  free  "  for  one  class  it  will  have  to  be  "  free  '  for 
all,  as  in  Greece  and  Philadelphia;  and,  seeing 
Ministers  and  Parliament  have  too  much  to  do  already, 
such  a  plan  is  not  to  be  desiderated. 


VI. 

Resoitjtion  passed  by  the  Thoknaby  School  Board, 
12th  February  1886. 

That  the  duty  of  paying  the  school  fees  of  children 
whose  parents  are  suffering  from  honest  poverty  ought 
to  be  entrusted  to  other  agencies  than  boards  of 
guardians. 

That  the  clerk  be  instructed  to  forward  a  copy  of  the 
foregoing  resolution  to  the  Royal  Commission  now 
sitting  in  London. 


vn. 

Resolution  passed  by  the  Wolveehampton  School 
Board. 

That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Board,  it  is  desii'ablo  that 
children  of  school  age  who  have  not  passed  the  exemp- 
tion standard  be  not  allowed  to  reside  on  canal  boats ; 
and  that  a  copy  of  this  resolution  be  forwarded  to  the 
Royal  Commissioners  on  Education  and  to  the  Edu- 
cation Department. 


V. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Middlesbrough  School  Board. 

Shewuth,  „„.■,■,,    ,  1. 

That  there  are  in  the  borough  of  Middlesbrough 
19  children  of  school  age  whom  it  is  impossible  to 
educate  in  the  usual  manner  at  public  elementary 
schools,  owing  to  the  fact  that  15  of  the  number  are 
by  birth  deaf  mutes,  and  the  remainder  have  the  sense 
of  hearing  or  the  organs  of  speech  very  defective.  The 
Board  have  made  inquiries,  from  which  they  learn  that 
the  lowest  cost  they  would  be  put  to  if  they  employed 
a  Bpecial  teacher  for  these  children,  would  be  1201.  per 
annum,  that  is  at  the  rate  of  61.  per  annum,  or  more 
than  three  times  what  the  samfi  number  of  ordinary 
children  would  cost. 

There  is  reason  to  believe  other  towns  are  in  the  same 
position,  and  it  appears  to  this  Board  that  the  provision 
for  the  education  of  these  exceptional  children  under 
the  Education  Acts  is  very  inadequate.  The  board  of 
guardians  can  assist  parents  of  deaf  mutes  to  send  their 
children  to  institutions  established  for  their  training, 
but  in  the  majority  of  cases  the  parents  are  too  poor  to 
pay  even  half  of  the  expense,  and  the  remainder  are 
persons  whom  the  guardians  would  not  feel  justified  in 
assisting  out  of  the  rates. 

The  necessities  of  both  classes  would  be  met  if— 
(1.)  Special  requirements  for  each  year  of  schooling 

were  defined  in  the  code  for  deaf  mutes. 
(2.)  A  grant  amounting  to  (say)  50«.  were  allowed  for 
each    such    scholar    per    annum,    partly    for 
attendance  at  school,  and  the  remainder   on 
condition   of    the   requirements  of  the  code 
being  fulfilled. 
(3.)  Provision  were  made  in  the  code  for  two  or  more 
districts  uniting  for  the  purpose  of  establish- 
ing a  class  or  classes  for  deaf  mutes. 
That  the  provision  for  the  education  of  blind  children 
of    the    poorer    classes  is  also   very   inadequate,   and 
should  bo    improved    by   the    adoption    of   measures 
similar  to   those   suggested    above   for   the   deaf  and 
dumb,  in  the  hope  that  the  Commission  over  which 
you  are  to  preside  will  be  able  to  approve  of  these 
suggestions,   or    of   some    plan  which  will   meet    the 
case. 


VIII. 

Suggestions  by  Mr.  C.  Enwright,  of  the  Bedminster 
School  Board. 

Amongst  the  many  unexpected  gi-ievances  that  have 
arisen  since  the  passing  of  the  Act  of  1870,  is  the  all- 
important  question  of  the  school  rate.  If  no  other 
evidence  were  forthcoming,  the  large  and  fluctuating 
extent  of  that  financial  necessity  has  proved  thoroughly 
deceptive  to  the  most  earnest  friend  of  elementary  - 
instruction.  Its  best  friends  in  Parliament  never 
di-eamt  that,  as  a  national  institution,  it  would  very 
seriously  burden  the  then  existing  responsibilities  of 
the  ratepayers,  and  the  possibility  of  its  ever  reaching 
a  3cZ.  rate  was  looked  upon  almost  as  a  matter  of  im- 
possibility  A  decline  in  the 

direction  of  voluntary  efforts  could  not  have  been 
seriously  considered.  Public  demands,  however,  have 
had  to  be  satisfied,  but  with  increased  claims  upon  the 
rates ;  the  Parliamentary  grants  have  not  propor- 
tionately advanced.  The  growing  population  docs  not 
lessen  the  responsibilities  of  school  boards  or  relieve 
the  rates,  and  Goverment  aid  is  rendered  very  unsatis- 
factory wheiein  payment  is  made  conditional  on  the 
amount  of  local  expenditure  ;  the  deficiency,  of  course, 
having  to  be  mot  out  of  the  civic  exchequer,  as  the 
question  of  school  fees  coimts  very  little  in  the  matter 

of  management,  Ac We  naturally 

expect  that  what  a  school  earns  should  bo  the  sum 
handed  over,  or  why  exert  the  teachers  and  scholars 
beyond  what  the  Education  Department  is  prepared  to 
recognise  ?  The  system  is  quite  sufficient  to  dishearten 
energetic  managers,  because  tlie  higher  the  merit  grant 
the  greater  the  parliamentary  deduction,  and,  but  for 
the  credit  of  managers,  the  lowest  mark  of  distinction 
would  sometimes  pay  best.  If  such  a  principle  affected 
head  teacheri,  a  serious  deadlock  would  likely  arise, 
and  which  is  now   only  prevented  by  local  security. 

Cannot  this  system  be  adjusted 

and  made  more  acceptable  by  the  inducements  offered 
being  gratified  to  the  extent  of  the  distinction  gained? 

.     . Then,  too,  local  rating.    Are 

its  inequalities  to  be  endured  for  ever  ?  Take  the 
maximum  at  Is.  and  the  minimum  at  3d.,  and  on 
analysis  it  can  be  proved  more  fjequently  that  the 
highest  rat«  has  to  be  borne  by  the  least  able  to  pay. 
Surely  some  plan  of  fair  play  might  be  introduced, 
whereby  the  cost  attending  a  principle  intended  to 
benefit  the  whole  community  can  be  more  equally 
distributed  over  the  whole  country.  Its  advantages 
are  not  specially  localised,  and  all  disadvantages  in  the 
way  of  charges  should  be  speedily  removed. 

I  strongly  incline  to  the  belief  that  loans  for  school 
buildings  should  be  made  a  charge  upon  the  Con- 
solidated Fund,  and  the  ratepayers  relieved  of  that  one 
particular  incumbrance.  In  districts  wherein  there  are 
no  voluntary  schools  it  operates  somewhat  severely, 
and,  as  fate  would  have  it,  the  poorer  parishes  have 
the  greatest  burd(  ns  to  bear.  1  think  you  will  find 
Mr.  Mundella  strongly  inclined  to  the  view  that  there 
should,  at  any  rate,  be  an  extension  of  time  for  repay- 
ment of  loans.  It  might,  at  least,  include  the  second 
generation. 


APPENDIXES  TO  PIXAL   REPORT. 


421 


The  Parliament  of  1870  was  wrong  in  its  judgment. 
In  subsequent  attempts  to  make  amends,  the  most 
unpopular  points  have  never  been  dealt  with,  but  a 
feeling  now  prevails  that  every  complaint  will  be 
attentively  listened  to  and  fairly  considered  on  its 
merits. 

I  therefore  especially  hope  that  chairmen  of  raral 
school  boards  and  responsible  teachers  will  be  called 
upon  to  bear  testimony  to  the  hardships  endured  by  the 
deserving  poor,  who  are  not  only  forced  to  send  their 
children  to  school,  but  called  upon  to  pay  an  exhor- 
bitant  school  rate.  Remission  of  fees  affords  but  little 
relief,  and,  if  too  frequently  resorted  to,  the  amount 
saved  in  that  respect  would  partly  re-appear  in  the  way 
of  rating. 


IX. 

From  the  Rev.  C.  Evans,  of  Solihull,  "Warwick. 

Will  yon  allow  me  to  express  the  hope  that  it  may 
fall  within  the  scope  of  the  instructions  to  the  Educa- 
tion Commission  to  inquire  particularly  into  the 
working  of  the  exhibitions  attached  to  public  elemen- 
tary schools,  and  into  the  "grading  system,"  as  it 
is  called  generally.  For  many  years  I  have  been 
collecting  information  as  to  the  parentage  and  cir- 
cumstances of  the  boys  who  win  exhibitions  from 
elementary  to  higher  grade  schools,  and  am  painfully 
struck  with  the  very  small  number  of  bond  fide  poor 
boys  who  succeed  in  such  competition.  H^he  exhibitions 
for  the  most  part  fall  to  the  lot  of  the  children  of 
small  tradesmen,  manufacturers,  or  the  upper  class  of 
artizans.  A  few  days  ago  observing  that  four  exhi- 
Ijitions  to  King  Edward  Vlth.'s  Grammar  School  at 
Birmingham  had  been  won  by  the  Jenkins  Street 
Board  School,  I  ascertained  from  the  master  that 
exhibitioner  No.  1  is  the  son  of  the  School  Board 
attendance  officer,  receiving  H.  a  week;  No.  2,  the  son 
of  a  small  shopkeeper ;  No.  3,  son  of  a  master  stone- 
mason, who  employs  five  labourers  ;  No.  4,  son  of  a 
gentleman  in  good  circumstances.  This  tallies  with 
the  result  of  very  wide  inquiries  made  upon  this 
subject.  You  will  at  once  see  the  important  bearings 
of  such  facts  on  the  question  of  substituting  elementary 
schools  exhibitions  for  eleemosynary  benefactions. 

Again,  I  have  found  in  some  elementary  schools  a 
great  reluctance,  not  only  on  the  part  of  the  master  to 
lose  his  most  promising  pupils,  but  also  on  the  part  of 
the  boys  to  compete  for  or  oven  accept  such  exhibitions, 
and  that,  although  an  exhibition  carries  with  it,  not 
only  exemption  from  fees  in  the  higher  grade  school, 
but  also  an  income  of  10?.  or  16Z.  to  cover  the  expense 
of  books,  better  clothing,  or  los:*  of  earnings. 

The  whole  system  of  "grading"  schools  appears  to 
require  most  careful  supervision.  In  many  places,  as 
at  Bedford,  for  instance,  where  there  ought  to  be 
exhibited  a  model  of  graded  schools,  all  working 
harmoniously  together,  with  an  economical  division  of 
labour,  each  school  subserving  the  common  good,  the 
elementary  schools  overlap  the  modem  school,  the 
modern  school  wastes  its  energies  in  attempting  work 
which  would  be  far  better  done  at  the  grammar  school. 
It  often  happens,  too,  that  an  exhibitioner  from  an 
elementary  school  finds  that,  by  his  transfer  to  a  school 
of  higher  grade,  he  has  gained  a  los.'",  being  classified 
with  boys  inferior  to  himself  possibly  in  every  subject 
of  instruction  except  Latin  or  French. 


The  National  Voluntary  Girls'  School,  Crewkerne, 

for  163  girls. 

The  National  Voluntary  Infanta'  School,  Crewkerne, 
for  211  infants. 

The  Wesleyan  Voluntary  Mixed  School,  Crewkerne, 
for  129 'children. 

The  Board  rigidly,  though  it  is  believed  with  intelli- 
gence and  proper  leniency,  enforce  the  Education  Acts. 
It  may  be  interesting  to  state  the  method  of  business 
pursued  by  the  Board.  The  members  hold  their  Board 
meetings  on  the  last  Wednesday  in  each  month,  and 
meet  on  the  Saturday  previously  as  a  committee  for 
routine,  finance,  and  attendance  matters,  so  as  to  be 
enabled  to  give  all  questions  of  importance  due  con- 
sideration on  the  Board  day.  At  the  Saturday  meeting 
of  the  committee  of  the  Board,  the  accounts  are  inves- 
tigated and  the  attendance  considered,  and  recommen- 
dations are  embodied  in  a  report  which  is  read  at  the 
meeting  of  the  Board  on  the  Wednesday  following. 

The  Board  have  been  in  the  habit  of  remitting  fees 
where  it  appears  likely  any  hardship  would  be  inflicted 
on  the  parents  by  their  having  to  pay  the  school  fees. 
The  number  of  children  whose  fees  are  remitted  at  the 
present  time  (namely,  February  1886)  is  86. 

Reports  from  the  teachers  of  the  public  elementary 
schools  are  produced  to  the  committee,  showing  the 
names  of  all  children  who  have  not  made  the  full 
attendances  in  the  preceding  month.  These  forms  are 
of  such  a  character  that  they  supply  the  age  of  the 
children,  standard  he  or  she  is  in,  and  the  number  of 
attendances  that  have  been  made  for  each  week.  These 
reports  have  been  found  to  be  a  great  assistance  to 
the  members  of  the  Board  in  checking  the  statements 
and  allegations  of  the  parents,  and  frivolous  excuses 
are  generally  exposed  at  once  when  tested  by  the  return 
sheets. 

The  Board  have  a  special  attendance  officer,  and 
have  had  a  census  made  of  the  whole  of  the  district  by 
him.  They  also  obtain  the  certificates  of  birth  for  the 
district  from  time  to  time.  The  certificates  are  found 
to  be  valuable  in  checking  the  statements  of  age  made 
by  parents  where  there  has  been  irregular  attendance, 
and  also  contesting  allegations  as  to  age  before  the 
magistrates. 

The  following  is  a  return  of  the  average  attendance 
in  the  district.  At  least  four  of  the  schools  appear  to 
to  have  reached  a  very  high  average  in  188i.  The 
return  for  1885  was  not  so  large,  owing  to  a  severe 
epidemic  visiting  the  town,  and  it  has  left  many 
children  still  suffering  from  the  effects,  so  that  they 
are  frequently  ill,  and  not  able  to  attend  school.  Some 
idea  of  the  effect  of  this  epidemic  may  be  arrived  at 
when  it  is  remembered  that  nearly  60  children  attend- 
ing the  infaut  voluntary  school  and  19  from  the  boys' 
voluntary  school  died  from  the  effects,  beside  other 
children  attending  the  remaining  schools  in  the 
district. 


Statement  as  to  the  Crewkerne  and  Watfobd  United 
School  District. 

This  district,  which  comprises  the  parishes  of  Crew- 
kerne and  Wayford,  in  the  county  of  Somerset,  ia 
composed  of  a  mixed  manufacturing  and  rural  popu- 
lation, and  has  the  following  public  elementary  schools, 
recognised  by  the  Department,  to  supply  the  necessary 
school  accommodation  required  under  the  Education 
Acts,  namely : — 

The  Board  Mixed  School,  situate  at  North  Street, 

Crewkerne,  for  120  children. 
The   Board    mixed    school,   situate    at   Clapton,   an 

outlying  hamlet,  for  180  children. 
The  National  Volnntary  Boys'  School,  Crewkerne, 
for  262  bova. 


u  o  u 

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» 

Z-S.S, 

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n  uiQ 

SQ  bCS 

■^  s  c 

Mas 

Nftmo  of  Sohool. 

III 

1 

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3>     • 

o.  on 
Tear 
30th 
1884. 

0.  on 
Year 
30th 
1886. 

MO 

» 

< 

» 

-<! 

North  Street  Board  School  • 

124 

120- U 

IM 

106-5 

Clapton  Board  School 

US 

112-lS 

118 

1W35 

National    Boys'    Voluntary 

181 

178 

184 

16S 

School. 

Girls'    National    Voluntary 

175 

166 

179 

14S 

School. 

Infants'  National  Voluntary 

227 

174-* 

242 

ia4-« 

School. 

Wesleyan  Voluntary  Mixed 

102 

80 

117 

88 

School. 

In  cases  of  irregular  attendance,  the  attendance 
officer  is  first  directed  to  give  a  notice  to  the  parent 
to  cause  the  child  or  children  regularly  to  attend  school. 
If  it  appears,  after  this  notice  has  been  given,  that  the 
child  is  still  irregular,  the  parents  have  notice  to 
attend  the  Board  meeting  to  explain  the  cause  of 
irregular  attendance.  It  is  essential  to  have  every 
information  at  hand  at  the  meetings  of  the  Board,  so 
as  to  challenge  on  the  spot  every  excuse  and  untrue 
statement  made  by  the  parent.  It  is  only  by  not 
allowing  any  loophole  for  evasion  that  the  attendance 
can  be  kept  up.   It  is  astonishing  how  acute  the  parents 


3H  2 


422 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION: 


•re  in  getting  hold  of  anything  that  they  find  may 
gerve  for  an  excuse.  If  the  parents  attend  the  Board 
meeting,  and  promise  to  amend,  they  are  given  another 
trial,  with  the  express  understanding  that  if  they  do 
not  send  their  children  regularly  to  school,  proceedings 
■will  be  taken  without  further  notice.  This  generally 
proves  successful.  If  it  is  found  not  to  be  so,  proceedings 
are  taken  against  the  parent.  The  magistrates  in  the 
division  place  no  obstacle  in  the  way  of  the  adminis- 
tration of  the  law,  and  in  all  cases  where  a  case  of 
grave  non-attendance  or  defiance  of  the  Board  is  proved, 
they  inflict  a  fine  of  sixpence,  and  costs — four  shillings 
and  sixpence.  The  fact  of  obtaining  the  fine,  whether 
enforced  or  not,  is  found  generally  effective.  In  only 
two  cases  have  proceedings  for  imprisonment  been 
resorted  to,  and  these  in  cases  of  suspected  defiance. 
In  both  cases  the  money  was  produced  without  difficulty 
directly  the  men  found  themselves  in  the  policeman's 
hands.  The  Board  have  throughout  instructed  their 
clerk  to  appear  for  them  on  all  summonses,  as  they  feel 
that  if  a  prosecution  failed,  considerable  damage  would 
be  done  to  the  attendance  work  in  the  district.  The 
Board  have  not  lost  nor  failed  to  obtain  an  order  in  a 
single  case  in  which  they  have  taken  proceedings.  The 
prosecutions  in  this  district  will,  it  is  believed,  compare 
favourably  with  other  districts.  They  have  been,  for 
the  last  seven  years,  as  follows  : — 


Date. 

Byeiftws. 

Attendance 
Orders. 

Ilisolie.vin!! 

Attendance 

Orders. 

Sent  to 

Industrial 

School. 

1879  - 

1880  -           •       • 

1881  - 

1882  -          -       ■ 
188S     -           -          • 

1884  -          •       - 

1885  - 

17 

25 

9 

25 

7 
7 
2 

4 

3 

2 
3 
5 
5 

1 

1 
6 

2 

In  the  early  part  of  the  attendance  work,  the  Board 
had  to  deal  with  numbers  of  cases  of  irregular  atten- 
dance, say  one  or  two  half-days  a  week.  They  there- 
upon requested  their  clerk  to  prepare  a  statement  (copy 
herewith)  as  to  the  duty  of  the  parent  to  send  the 
children  to  school  every  time  the  school  is  open,  which 
was  printed  on  cards  and  delivered  to  every  parent,  and 
after  one  or  two  test  cases  had  been  brought  before  the 
Magistrates  little  difficulty  was  found  in  future.  Parents 
have  now  begun  to  be  fully  alive  to  the  fact  that  irregu- 
lar attendance  is  detrimental  to  them.  The  Board  (as 
will  be  seen  from  the  above  table  of  prosecutions)  have 
had  to  send  one  or  two  boys  away  under  the  Industrial 
School  Clauses  for  truantism.  They  have,  iu  the  first 
instance,  sent  them  to  a  training  ship  at  Bristol,  but  it 
is  questionable  whether  the  desire  of  the  Board  to  do 
the  best  for  the  boys  is  not  likely  to  result  in  their 
having  other  organized  cases  of  truantism,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  getting  similar  treatment,  as  the  reports  that 
have  recently  come  home  from  the  boys  are,  that  they 
are  very  happy  and  comfortable. 

There  are  hardly  any  half-timers  in  the  district. 

The  members  of  the  Board  work  harmoniously  with 
the  voluntary  school  managers,   and  they  endeavour, 
as  far  as  possible,  not  to  be  the  means  of  compelling* 
children  to  change  schools,  as  they  feel  how  detrimental 
it  is  to  the  children  particularly,  and  also  to  the  schools. 

A  difficulty  with  regard  to  the  working  of  the  Educa- 
tion Acts  often  presents  itself  in  reference  to  the 
inability  of  the  Board  to  pay  the  fees  of  children  of 
poor  parents  who  send  their  children  to  the  voluntary 
schools  which  are  more  adjacent  to  their  homes,  and 
therefore  more  convenient  to  some  of  them  than  the 
Board  schools.  The  Chard  Union,  in  which  the  district 
is  situated,  declines  to  exercise  their  power  to  make 
allowance  to  parents  to  enable  them  to  send  their 
children  to  school.  On  the  other  hand,  the  Yeovil 
Union  in  the  adjoining  di.<trict,  through  their  attendance 
committees,  grants  allowance  for  fees,  which  it  is  under- 
stood works  well. 

Both  in  the  voluntary  schools  and  the  board  schools, 
amusement  in  the  shape  of  an  annual  treat  to  the 
children  is  given  by  the  teachers,  assisted  by  voluntary 
subscriptions,  and  this  is  a  great  element  in  creating 
good  fellowship  and  good  feeling  between  the  managers, 
teachers,  and  parents,  and  materially  assists  the  school 
work. 


The  result  of  the  recent  examinations  by  H.M.  Inspec- 
tor of  the  whole  schools  were  as  follows  : — 

Grewherne,  North  Street  Board  School. 

' '  Mhxd  School. — The  school  has  passed  a  remarkably 
good  examination  indeed  ;  considering  the  circumstances 
of  the  school,  much  hard  work  must  have  been  done, 
and  great  credit  is  reflected  on  the  master.  The  singing 
is  very  good,  and  needlework  has  been  most  carefully 
and  practically  taught." 

"  1)1  f ants'  School. — The  school  is  in  very  fair  order 
and  well  provided  with  the  necessary  apparatus,  but 
the  instruction  of  the  children  in  the  upper  classes  does 
not  appear  to  have  been  nearly  so  successful  as  last 
year.     The  needlework,  however,  is  decidedly  good." 

GrewTceme,  Clapton  Board  School. 

"  The  school  is  in  first-rate  order,  and  has  passed  a 
remarkably  good  examination,  both  in  elementary  and 
class  subjects.  The  map  drawing  of  the  first  class 
deserves  a  special  word  of  praise,  as  does  also  the 
needlework  of  the  whole  school. 

"  The  infants  are  in  nice  order  and  carefully  taught, 
and  their  room  is  well  provided  with  apparatus.  Their 
needlework  is  very  good." 

National  Voluntary  Boys'  School. 

"  It  would  be  hard  to  find  anything  much  better  than 
the  work  throughout  this  school.  It  is  excellent  in 
every  respect." 

National  Voluntary  Gfirls'  School. 

"A  very  good  year's  work  has  been  done  in  this 
department,  which  may  now  be  classed  as  excellent. 
It  is  a  pity  the  room  is  so  inconveniently  crowded." 

National  Volwnta/ry  Infanta'  School. 

"  The  school  deserves  high  praise  in  many  respects, 
being  admirably  organized,  and  well  supplied  with 
apparatus.  The  children  are  also  well  taught,  and 
though  they  suffered  severely  from  an  epidemic  of 
measles,  may  on  the  whole  be  again  classed  as  excellent." 

Wesleyan  Voluntary  Mixed  School. 
This  report  cannot  be  obtained. 

The  position  of  the  voluntary  schools  at  present  is  not 
very  satisfactory  as  regards  income,  as  it  is  alleged 
that  the  extra  requirements  of  the  code  call  for  addi- 
tional teachers,  and  that  the  subscriptions  do  not  in- 
crease. The  matter  was  recently  brought  up  at  a 
meeting  of  the  Board,  and  it  was  the  opinion  that 
should  the  voluntary  schools  fall  through  and  have  to  be 
taken  over  by  the  Board,  the  additional  expense  to  the 
ratepayers  at  the  very  lowest,  if  the  present  premises 
could  be  acquired,  would  be  as  muchas4,000Z.,  whereas 
if  new  premises  had  to  be  built,  it  would  exceed  that 
sum  by  a  considerable  amount.  Besides  the  last-men- 
tioned sum,  the  amount  at  present  collected  annually 
by  subscription  would  have  to  be  paid  by  the  rate- 
payers. 


XI. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Stkanton  School  Boakd. 

There  are  in  the  parish  of  Stranton  several  children 
of  school  age  whom  it  is  impossible  to  educate  in  the 
usual  manner  at  public  elementary  schools,  owing  to  the 
fact  that  they  are  by  birth  deaf-mutes,  and  the  remainder 
have  the  sense  of  hearing  or  the  organs  of  speech  very 
defective.  The  Board  have  made  inquiries  from  which 
they  learn  that  these  children  could  only  be  educated 
at  an  increased  cost.  There  is  reason  to  believe  other 
towns  are  in  the  same  position;  and  it  appears  to  this 
Board  that  the  provision  for  the  education  of  these 
exceptional  children  under  the  Education  Acts  is  very 
inadequate.  The  board  of  guardians  can  assist  parents 
of  deaf-mutes  to  send  their  children  to  institutions 
established  for  their  training,  but  in  the  majority  of 
cases  the  parents  are  too  poor  to  pay  even  half  of  the 
expense,  and  the  remainder  are  persons  whom  the 
guardians  would  not  feel  justified  in  assisting  out  of 
the  rates.  The  necessities  of  both  classes  would  be 
met  if — 

(I.)  Special  requirements  for  each  year  of  schooling 

were  defined  in  the  code  for  deaf-mutes. 
(II.)  A  grant  amounting  to  (say)  50s.,  were  allowed 

for  each  such  scholar  per  annum,  partly  for 


APPENDIXES    TO   FINAL   BEPOBT. 


423 


attendance  at  school,   and  the  remainder  on 
condition  of  the  requirements  of  the  code  being 
fulfilled, 
fill.)  Provision  were  made  in   the  code  for  two   or 
more  tlistricts,  uniting  for  the  purpose  of  estab- 
lishing a  class  or  classes  for  deaf-mutes. 
That  the  provision  for  the  education  of  blind  children 
of  the  poorer  classes  is  also  very  inadequate,  and  should 
be  improved  by   the  adoption  of  measures  similar  to 
those  suggested  above  for  the  deaf  and  dumb.     In  the 
hope  that  the  Commission  over  which  you  are  to  preside, 
will  be  able  to  approve  of  these  suggestions,  or  of  some 
plan  which  will  meet  the  case — 

Your  memorialists  will  ever  pray,  etc.,  on  behalf  of 
the  Stranton  School  Board. 

W.  R.  Owen,  Chairman, 
Matthew  Harbison,  Clerk. 


XII. 
From  Committee  of  the  Manchester  Abt  Museum. 

The  Committee  of  the  Manchester  Art  Museum  have 
found  that  a  large  proportion  of  the  children,  and  also  of 
the  adult  inhabitants,  in  large  towns  are  almost  com- 
pletely ignorant  respecting  the  appearance  and  even 
the  names  of  the  commonest  things  found  in  the  country  ; 
that,  e.g.,  a  great  many  do  not  know  what  a  bee  is  like, 
or  where  it  is  to  be  found,  and  cannot  distinguish 
between  a  rose  and  a  carnation. 

The  Committee  are  convinced  that  this  kind  of 
ignorance  has  a  very  batl  influence  on  the  way  in  which 
those  who  sutler  from  it  spend  their  leisure,  that  it 
lessens  their  power  to  acquire  skill  in  the  numerous 
industries  in  which  knowledge  of  colour  and  form  is 
needed,  and  that  it  is  generally  jirejiidicial  to  the  develop- 
ment of  power,  of  feeling,  and  thought.  The  Committee 
have  sought  to  lessen  this  kind  of  ignorance  by  lending 
pictures  of  common  objects  of  nature  to  elementary 
schools  in  Manchester  and  Salford,  and  have  met  with 
much  success. 

They  desire  to  bring  before  the  Royal  Commission  on 
the  Education  Acts,  their  reasons  for  believing  that  the 
work  they  are  do'mg  for  some  schools  in  Manchester 
and  Salford,  should  either  be  done  for  all  public  ele- 
mentary schools  by  the  Science  and  Art  Department, 
or  should  be  facilitated  by  that  Department's  selling 
pictures  at  a  low  price  to  such  schools,  as  the  Ministry 
of  Public  Instruction  does  to  schools  in  France. 


XIII. 

The  Rev.  Waiter  Moleswortii,  Bishopsworth,  Bristol. 

There  are  two  points  to  which,  as  the  manager  of  a 
small  mixed  school  struggling  for  existence,  I  would 
call  your  attention  : 

1.  The"  hardship  of  existing  regulations  in  the  event 

of  au  outbreak  of  measles  or  scarlatina. 

The  patients  will  probably  bo  unable  to  attend 
school  for  six  or  eight  weeks  ;  and  if  the  examina- 
tion be  close  at  hand,  as  was  the  case  here  very 
recently,  many  will  certainly  fail  who  would 
otherwise  have  passed.  Here  is  one  loss  to  the 
school. 

But  meantime  the  registers  must  be  marked 
if  the  school  be  opened,  and  so  the  average  atten- 
dance is  greatly  reduced,  and  thus  a  second  loss 
accrues. 

Then  again  if  the  school  be  closed,  those  chil- 
dren who,  having  previously  passed  through  the 
epidemic  and  continue  in  perfect  health,  are 
withdrawn  from  all  instruction ;  as  a  natural 
consequence  the  number  of  failures  among  these 
is  greater  than  it  would  have  been  under  ordinary 
circumstances,  and  for  the  third  time  the  mana- 
gers are  practically  fined  for  causes  beyond  human 
control. 

To  remedy  these  grievances  I  would  suggest 
that  during  the  prevalence  of  such  an  epidemic 
the  managers  should  be  relieved  from  the  necessity 
of  marking  the  registers  ;  and  that  in  case  of 
children  who  had  been  laid  by  during  the  year 
some  allowance  should  be  made  at  the  ensuing 
examination. 

2.  The  injury  to  the  school,  and  indeed  to  the  cause 

of  education,  arising  from  the  anxiety  with  which 
the  byelaws  of  the  school  board  aro  enforced  in 
this  district  at  least. 


Of  the  scholars  on  these  registers  only  73  per 
cent,  were  in  average  attendance  last  year.  Her 
Majesty's  Inspector  reported  "the  attendance  is 
"  not  good,"  but  no  notice  will  be  taken  of  this. 

As  a  remedy  in  this  case  I  would  suggest  that 
the  inspector  should  be  instructed  to  ascertain 
from  the  registers  how  far  the  school  board  have 
discharged  this  duty,  and  report  to  the  Depart- 
ment, and  that  explanation  should  be  required 
from  the  local  authority. 


xrv. 

WiiLESDEN  School  Board. 

At  a  meeting  of  this  Board,  held  on  the  4th  inst.,  a 
resolution  in  the  following  terms  was  carried nem.  con. : 

"  That  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  be  urged 
to  report  in  favour  of  re-enacting  s.  25  of  the  Elemen- 
taiy  Education  Act,  1870." 

This  resolution  was  adopted  in  view  of  the  well  known 
and  almost  universal  difficulty  experienced  by  poor 
people  in  obtaining  payment  of  school  fees  by  the 
guardians. 

In  this  particular  parish  there  is  a  vast  number  of 
poor  people,  and,  althouu;h  i,t  is  a  school  board  district, 
there  is  only  one  board  school,  but  many  voluntary 
schools.  The  constant  excuse  of  parents  who  are  called 
to  account  for  the  irregular  attendance  of  their  children  is 
that  they  cannot  afford  to  pay  the  school  fees,  and  do  not 
like  to  apply  for  them  to  the  guardians,  on  account  of 
the  difficulties  thrown  in  their  way,  and  frequently  of 
the  bad  treatment  received  from  the  relieving  officer. 

Many  communications  have  been  addressed  to  the 
guardians  on  this  subject  by  my  board,  but  with  no 
satisfactory  result,  and  my  board  accordingly  feel  that 
the  method  above  .suggested  is  the  only  one  that  will 
remedy  this  evil. 

R.  W.  Mackeeth, 
Clerk. 


XV. 

Gainsbokough  Union. 

By  a  resolution  of  the  board  of  guardians,  Mr.  George 
Wells,  one  of  the  guardians,  was  authorised  to  attend 
and  give  evidence  before  the  Commission  appointed  to 
inquire  into  the  working  of  the  Education  Acts. 

Mr.  Wells  desires  me  to  write  on  his  behalf  and  point 
out  the  great  desirability,  in  his  opinion,  of  the  children 
attending  school  being  allowed  leave  of  absence  from 
school  at  such  times  when  they  would  be  required  for 
labour  by  employers,  farmers,  or  their  parents,  in  the 
immediate  neighbourhood. 

For  instance,  this  union  contains  50  parishes ;  in  somo 
of  them  there  are  large  osier  beds,  others  are  potato 
districts  and  turnip  land ;  then  there  are  the  corn  dis- 
tricts, and  a  great  number  of  small  occupiers  of  land 
who  require  their  children  to  help  them  during  both 
seedtime  and  harvesting, whether  potatoes,  Gorn,or  other 

E reduce  ;  and  Mr.  Wells  suggests  that  all  children  should 
e  entitled  to  six  weeks'  holiday  during  the  year,  to  be 
taken  whenever  the  parents  require  them,  and  refers  to 
the  hop  pickers  as  a  precedent. 

Mr.  Wells  would  also  point  out  the  question  of  pro- 
ceedings before  the  magistrates,  and  fi|ies  and  costs. 

Every  prosecution  taken  by  the  school  attendance 
committee  costs  eight  shillings,  viz. : — 

».  d. 
Information      -        -        -        -        -    2     6 

Service "-10 

Examination  of  witness    -        -        -     1     0 
Conviction  aud  service     -        -        -    3    6 


Total 


•    8    0 


The  flue  and  costs,  under  39  &  40  Vict.  c.  79.  s.  12, 
cannot  exceed  five  shillings,  and  therefore  the  rate- 
payers lose  in  every  case  three  shillings.  This,  he 
suggests,  should  not  be  allowed,  but  that  the  police  and 
magistrates'  fees  should  not  be  more  than  five  shillings. 

Decimus  M.  Robbs, 
Clerk  to  the  Guardians. 


r 


424 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION: 


XVI. 


The  Memobiai  of  the  School  Attendance  Committbe 
of  the  BoKOUsH  of  Southpobt,  in  the  County  of 
Lancastee, 

StTE  WETH — 

1.  That  in  the  month  of  March  1881,  your  memo- 
rialistB  addressed  to  the  Lords  of  the  Committee  of  the 
Privy  Cotmoil  on  Education  a  petition  to  the  following 
effect : —  , 

"  That  by  the  10th  section  of  the  Elementary  Educa- 
tion Act,  1876  the  poor  law  guardians  alone  are 
empowered  to  pay  the  school  fees  of  the  children 
of  poor  parents  who  are  not  paupers;  such 
parents  are  therefore  brought  into  immediate  con- 
tact with  pauperism,  to  the  loss  of  their  indepen- 
dence and  self-respect.  Many  cases  are  brought 
under  the  notice  of  your  petitioners  where  the 
families  are  so  large,  and  the  wages  earned  by  the 
parents  so  small,  that  they  can  barely  provide 
sufficient  food  for  the  children  ;  yet  the  guardians 
refuse  to  pay  the  school  fees. 
It  would  be  of  great  assistance  to  the  school  atten- 
dance committee  in  dealing  with  such'  cases  to  be 
able  to  pay  the  school  fees. 
The  school  attendance  committee  have  ample  means 
of  ascertaining  the  position  and  ascei-taining  the 
circumstances  of  all  persons  brought  before  them, 
and  if  the  payment  of  school  fees  were  in  their  hands 
not  only  would  the  objection  to  the  above-mentioned 
section  cease  to  exist,  but  a  great  saving  of  time 
would  be  effected  to  their  ofiBcers,  and  children 
would  be  more  readily  made  to  attend  school. 
Tour  memorialists  are  gratified  to  find  that  the  matter  is 
one  which  is  engaging  the  attention  of  your  Lord- 
ships,  and  trust  that  a  measure  providing  for  the 
amendment  of  section  10  of  the  Elementary  Educa- 
tion Act,  1876,  in  the  manner  they  indicate  will  be 
speedily  introduced  into  Parliament." 

2  That  since  the  above  date  your  memorialists  have 
experienced  much  difficulty  in  dealing  with  parents 
unable  to  pay  the  fees  for  the  education  of  then-  children 
in  consequence  of  the  refusal  of  the  guardians  to  pay 
Buch  fees  in  cases  which,  in  the  opinion  of  your  memo- 
rialists, were  both  deserving  and  necessitous.  Tour 
memorialists  have  also  summoned  parents  before  the 
magistrates  in  order  that  the  reports  in  the  press  of  the 
circumstances  of  cases  in  which  school  fees  have  been 
withheld  by  the  guardians  might  direct  public  atten- 
tion  to  the  matter,  and  thereby  lead  to  a  movement  for 
the  amendment  of  the  Uw  as  it  now  stands. 

3  Tour  memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  the  distribu- 
tion of  school  pence  by  the  guardians  is  governed  by 
the  traditions  and  practice  of  the  poor  law  adminis- 
tration. 

4  Tour  memorialists  object  very  strongly  to  the 
procedure  with  regard  to  the  distribution  of  school 
pence,  which  in  Sonthport  is  as  follows :  A  parent  is 
summoned  by  the  attendance  officer  to  attend  before 
your  memorialists.  He  attends,  and  your  memorialists, 
after  hearing  the  circumstances  of  the  case,  inform  him 
that  he  must  on  a  fixed  day  attend  before  the  relief 
committee  of  the  guardians.  He  does  eo  ;  he  thus  loses 
in  many  cases  two  half  day's  wages.  The  cases  of  appli- 
cations for  school  fees  and  applications  for  relief  are 
taken  together.  The  parent  is  thus  brought  into  imme- 
diate contact  with  pauperism,  and  the  provisions  of  the 
TSlementary  Education  Act,  to  the  effect  that  school 
pence  is  not  to  be  regarded  as  relief,  become  nothing 
less  than  a  mockery. 

5.  That  it  would  be  of  great  assistance,  and  would  put 
the  parents  to  much  less  inconvenience  and  loss  of  time 
and  money  if  your  memorialists  could,  upon  a  parent 
attending  before  thom  and  alleging  inability  to  pay 
school  fees  as  an  excuse  for  tho  non-attendance  at  school 
of  his  or  her  children,  forthwith  consider  the  case  sub- 
mitted to  them  by  the  parent,  and  if  necessary  make  an 
order  for  the  payment  of  the  school  fees. 

6.  That  the  chairman  of  your  memorialists  will  be 
willing  to  give  evidence  before  the  Commission  upon 
the  question  dealt  with  in  this  memorial,  and  upon  the 
working  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act  generally. 

Tour  memorialists  therefore  pray  that  the 
powers  as  to  payment  of  school  fees  to 
non-pauper  parents  of  children  at  present 
exercisable  by  boards  of  guardians  under 
section  10  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Act,  1876,  may  be  transferred  to  school 
aUcndanco     committees,    and  that  the 


memorialists  may  be  heard  by  their 
chairman  upou  the  matter  before  the 
Commission. 

E.  Vincent, 
Chaii-man  of  the  School  Attendance 
Committee    of    the    Borough    of 
Southport,  in  the  County  of  Lan- 
caster. 


XVII. 


Prom  the  Rev.  R.  H.  Pakr,  St.  Martin's  Vicarage, 

SCARBOKOUGir. 

I  presume  that  the  Commission  which  is  now  inquiring 
into  the  working  of  tho  Elementary  Education  Acta, 
will  have  brought  before  them  the  question  of  the  pay- 
ment of  school  fees  to  poor  parents  whose  children  are 
in  voluntary  schools. 

It  has  always  been  contended  by  many  that  it  is  both 
unfair  and  unwise  to  compel  the  parents  in  these  cases 
to  apply  to  the  relieving  officer,  and  to  receive  tho  fees 
through  boards  of  guardians.  The  dislike  of  the  English 
labourer  in  time  of  distress  to  receive  parish  relief  in 
any  form  is  well  known.  Rightly  or  wrongly  they 
consider  that  to  apply  to  a  relieving  officer  for  money  to 
pay  a  child's  school  fees  is  to  become  a  "  pauper." 

On  the  other  half  sheet  I  am  venturing  to  send  you  a 
copy  of  two  returns,  onesenttomeby  Mr.  W.  O.  Woodall, 
the  clerls  to  the  Scarborough  Board  of  Guardians,  and 
the  other  a  return  made  by  the  clerk  of  the  Scarborough 
School  Board.  Each  return  shows  the  amount  of  school 
fees  remitted  or  given  to  poor  parents  for  the  three 
years  1883,  1884,  and  1885. 

The  figures  are  rather  startling. 

As  a  member  of  the  Scarborough  School  Board  I  may 
say  that  I  do  not  think  we  remit  fees  with  any  careless- 
ness. Scarborough  is  a  place  where  in  the  winter  there 
is  great  destitution,  and  in  each  case  we  consider 
carefully  before  remitting  fees. 

Either  the  system  requiring  the  parents  to  go  to  the 
guardians  compels  thom  to  transfer  their  children  from 
voluntary  to  boai-d  schools,  or  the  parents  in  many  cases 
must  suffer  greatly. 

It  may  be  right  to  add  that  in  no  schools  are  there  a 
poorer  class  of  children  than  in  the  Roman  Catholic, 
St.  Thomas',  and  tho  Town  National  Schools,  and  pro- 
bably also  in  the  Wesleyan  Schools. 

R.  Henning  Pars, 
Twelve  years  member  of  the  Scarborough 
School  Board. 

Amount  of  school  fees  paid  to  persons,  not  paupers, 
for  the  last  three  years  for  Scarborough  only  by  the 
Board  of  Guardians  : — 

£    s.    d. 

1883  -  -  -  -  -    5    4    6 

1884  -            -            -            -         -    2  10    0 
1885 7  16  11 


15  11    6 


Amount  of  school  fees  remitted  by  the  Scarborough 
School  Board  for  the  last  three  years : — 


1883 

1884. 

1885 


£       8. 

d. 

102    7 

6 

132    1 

0 

181  17 

7 

Total  - 


.    416    6     1 


The  average  annual  attendances  for  the  school  years 
is  given  for  comparison. 


Voluntary  Schools. 

Board  Schools. 

1883 

1884        - 
1885 

-  1,533 

-  1,593 
.    1,452 

2,221 
2,352 
2,435 

Total 

.    4,678 

7,008 

It  will  be  seen  that  if  the  School  Board  had  remitted 
fees,  in  proportion  to  the  children  at  their  schools  on 
the  same  scale  as  tho  guardians  of  the  poor  have  done, 
the  amount  remitted  for  the  three  years  would  hare  been 
231.  16s.  4d.,  instead  of  4162.  6s.  Id. 


APPENDIXiiS    TO   FINAL    BKPOBX. 


425 


XVIU.    - 
B&ACFOBS  CHTOCH  OJ  ENGLAND   ScHOOL  SOCIETY,   &C. 

The  Revd.  William  Aston,  LL.D.,  B.A.,  Vicar  of 
St.  Thomas's  Bradford,  iiecretary  of  the  Bradford 
Church  of  England  School  Society,  and  Member  of 
the  Bradford  School  Board. 

To  give  evidence  on  the  follomng  points : 

1.  Remission  and  payment  of  school  fees  by  school 

boards  and  boards  of  guardians,  with  suggested 
improved  methods  of  dealing  with  the  question 
of  school  fees  for  non-pauper  children. 

2.  The  17s.  6d.  limit,  its  working,  and  suggestions  for 

obviating  its  occasional  objectionable  incidence. 

3.  The  rating  of  school  buildings,  and  the  liability  of 

managers  to  the  payment  of  income  tax. 

4.  School  prizes. 

5.  The  accommodation  in  voluntary  schools  in  relation 

to  the  question  of  ascertaining  the  deficiency  or 
otherwise  of  accommodation  in  a  district. 

6.  The   position   of   voluntary  schools   in  the  rural 

deanery  of  Bradford ;  number ;  finances  ;  effi- 
ciency ;  religious  teaching ;  relations  to  school 
boards. 

7.  Payments    by  results;    no    serious    objection  to 

principle  till  a  better  be  found,  but  evidence  as 
to  evils ;  and  suggestions. 

8.  Half-time  scholars ;  a  serious  problem  in  connec- 

tion with  Bradford  schools;  standards  above 
those  for  partial  and  total  exemption;  sugges- 
tions for  working. 

9.  Schemes  for  removing  or  lessening  the   evils   of 

the  present  contest  between  school  boards  and 
voluntary  systems,  and  yet  preserving  choice  of 
schools  : 

1.  Popularly  elected  or  delegated  members  of 

management     committee     of     voluntary 
schools. 

2.  School  boards   for  voluntary  schools  with 

agents     of     Education     Department     as 
members. 


XIX. 

Sutton  in  Ashpield  School  Board. 
This  Board  desires  an  opportunity  of  giving  evidence 
with  reference  to  the  prejudicial  consequences  of  the 
present  mode  of  assessing  school  rates  upon  the  small 
area  of  the  civil  parish  ;  on  the  desirability  of  increasing 
the  area  of  rating ;  also  upon  the  necessity  of  further 
extension  of  sec.  97  of  the  Act  of  1870  so  far  as  costs  of 
school  buildings  are  concerned. 


XX. 

The  Rev.  B.  Mkredith,  of  Halstock  Rectory,  Yeovil. 

As  an  old  school  manager  of  43  years'  experience, 
and  at  an  early  period  one  of  H.M.  Inspectors  of  schools, 
I  would  desire  to  call  the  Royal  Commissioners' 
attention  to  the  necessity  for  "making  a  voluntaiy 
"  school  rate  compulsory  on  landowners  who  refuse 
"  to  contribute  towards  the  support  of  the  school,  or 
"  bear  their  pro  rata  voluntary  rate  not  objected  to  by 
"  their  tenants  and  occupiers  "  ;  we  have  no  dissenters 
or  objectors  among  our  local  ratepayers. 

There  are  other  subjects  which  I  should  desire  to 
bring  before  the  Royal  Commissioners  if  desirable,  or 
attend  personally  for  the  purpose. 

I  would  desire  further  to  call  the  attention  of  the 
Royal  Commissioners  to  the  circumstances  of  town 
schools  and  country  parish  schools  as  regards  average 
attendance  for  the  17s.  6(f.  grant.  What  I  desn-e 
particularly  to  state  is :  We  have  had  a  severe  winter 
for  wind  and  rain,  frost  and  snow,  and  unusual  cold. 
In  towns  the  children  are  for  the  most  part  concentrated 
and  within  easy  distance  of  the  school.  In  country 
schools  most  of  the  children's  houses  are  at  a  distance, 
much  scattered,  and  frequently  have  to  come  over  by- 
ways and  paths  across  fields  not  .always  accessible;  e.g., 
there  are  houses  in  the  parish  which  take  me  three 
quarters  of  an  hour  good  walking  by  fields  and  road  to 
reach  from  our  school;  and  full  half  the  children's 
houses  of  our  roll  of  74,  are  scattered  at  various 
distances.  It  is  impossible  this  winter  to  keep  up  the 
average  attendance  in  either  rural  voluntary  and  board 
schools. 


I  would,  therefore,  desire  to  bring  before  the  Royal 
Commissioners  the  desirableness  of  reducing  the  average 
attendance  in  country  schools  as  distinguished  from 
town  schools ;  or  to  make  the  average  attendance  grant 
20s.,  instead  of  17«.  6d.,  for  such  schools  as  ours. 

I  visited  our  school  this  Monday  morning,  and  met 
the  attendance  officer.  The  roll  call  showed  a  small 
mcrease  in  attendance  over  the  last  three  weeks,  but 
still  we  are  behind,  and  shall  be  so  until  this  intonae 
cold  weather  passes  ofi",  which  keeps  several  children 
home  in  colds,  and  I  fear  in  some  oases  scanty  clothing. 

Our  annual  inspection  is  duo  July  Ist ;  wo  have  little 
over  three  months  to  make  up  for  lost  time,  a  matter  of 
consequence  to  the  limited  support  of  the  school,  oven 
with  the  aid  of  a  1st  class  certificated  mistress,  and 
assistant,  and  all  the  time  I  can  spare. 

I  would  desire  further  to  call  the  attention  of  the 
Royal  Commissioners  to  the  following :— That  a  sum- 
mons should  not  be  taken  out  for  non-attendance,  until 
one  or  more  of  the  managers  (in  rural  schools)  ai-e  satisfied 
by  personal  mquiry  or  knowledge,  that  the  absence  is 
wilful,  as  the  absence  marked  in  the  registers  is  only  a 
guide  for  the  attendance  officer,  and  may  in  his  hands 
be  an  unintentional  hardship. 


XXI. 

Manchestee  Open  Spaces  Committee. 

The  Manchester  Committee  for  securing  open  spaces 
for  recreation  wish  to  lay  evidence  before  the  Com- 
mission on  the  Education  Acts,  respecting  the  desirable- 
ness of  enforcing  the  giving  in  all  public  elementary 
schools  of  good  physical  training,  with  a  view  to 
improving  both  the  health  and  the  habits  of  school 
children,  and  promoting  their  fitness  to  receive  manual 
and  technical  training.  The  Committee  desire  to  show 
that : — 

1st.  In  all  board  schools  training  in  gymnastic  and 
wholesome    games    should  be    given ;  that  the 
playgrounds  of  all  such  schools  should  be  pro- 
vided with  gj-mnastic  apparatus,  and  be  opened 
after  school  hours  for  the  use  of  all  children  who 
live  in  the  neighbourhood. 
2nd.  That  all  other  public  elementary  schools  should 
receive  grants  of  money,  to  enable  them  to  pro- 
vide  playgrounds  and  gymnastic  apparatus,  and 
that  in  respect  of  the  giving  of  physical  training 
to  their  scholars,  and  the  opening  of  their  grounds, 
after  school  houi-s,  to  the  children  of  the  neigh- 
bourhood, they  should  be  placed  in  the  same 
position  as  board  schools. 
They  believe  that  there  is,  in  large  towns,  a  deficiency 
of  the  means  of  physical  training  and  recreation  for  the 
young,  not  only  chosing  the  period  of  school  life,  but 
also  during  the  whole  period  of  youth,  and  that  evidence 
may  be  given  of  evils  resulting  (1)  to  health,  and  (2)  to 
good  order  in  our  towns.    As  regai-ds  the  first,  medical 
men  who  have  to  paas  half-timers  for  factories  would 
prove  good  witnesses,  and  as  regards  the  second,  evidence 
can  be  had  from  chief  constables  or  magistrates  clerks. 

Of  the  good  efiects,  on  the  other  hand,  of  gymnasia 
under  skilled  instruction,  and  of  playgrounds  properly 
furnished  and  supervised,  there  will  bo  some  evidence 
forthcoming  from  a  few  societies  which  have  devoted 
themselves  to  supplying  these,  our  own  society  in 
Manchester  amongst  the  number. 

In  the  course  of  this  inquiry  there  will  naturally 
arise  the  question  as  to  how  far  town  councils  have  used 
the  existing  powers  for  the  provision  of  open  spaces  for 
recreation,  and  then  will  come  in  a  further  question  as 
to  whether  those  powers  need  increasing.  The  Cor- 
poration of  Manchester  seem  to  be  of  opinion  that  there 
is  a  necessity  for  further  powers,  and  they  have  lately 
referred  this  matter  to  their  parliamentary  committee. 

Among  the  points  which  need  consideration  in  rela- 
tion to  the  physical  training  of  children  are  the 
following:  The  use  of  gymnastic  apparatus  and  the 
playing  of  pleasant  and  health-giving  games  ought  to 
be  taught  iii  all  elementary  schools.  Although  several 
millions  have  been  spent  by  school  boards  in  acquiring 
playground  sites,  most  of  the  grounds  are  at  present 
very  imperfectly  utilised  for  the  purposes  of  the  physical 
education  and  recreation  even  of  the  scholars,  and  in 
only  a  small  minority  of  instances  arc  the  grounds 
provided  with  suitable  apparatus.  In  some  board 
schools,  however,  some  physical  training  is  already 
given,  and  as  many— probably  most— board  schooffi 
have  good  playgrounds,  training  in  gymnastic  exerci:.oB 


426 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS    COMMISSION  ; 


and  in  games  could  be  given  there  without  difficulty,  if 
this  kind  of  training  were  made  part  of  the  compulsory 
curriculum  of  elementary  schools.  But  the  majority  of 
children  are  taught  in  other  than  board  schools,  and  of 
these  other  schools  a  large  proportion  have  neither 
gymnasium  nor  playground,  and  are  too  poor  to  obtain 
them.  One  of  the  points  most  urgently  demanding 
consideration  is  how  those  elementary  schools  which 
are  not  board  schools  shall  obtain  the  playgrounds  and 
gymnasia  necessary  to  enable  them  to  give  good 
physical  training  to  their  pupils. 

If  all  State-aided  schools  possessed  good  playgi-ounds 
and  gymnasia,  their  gi'ounds  would,  out  of  school  hours, 
and  particularly  in  the  evenings  when  they  would  be 
most  useful,  provide  part  of  the  means  needed  for  the 
physical  recreation  of  the  population  of  the  districts 
surrounding  the  schools;  but  as  school  boards  whose 
schools  have  playgrounds  now  hesitate  to  defray  the 
cost  of  the  salary  of  custodians  and  of  the  other 
outlay  needed  to  make  the  school  playgrounds  available 
for  public  use  out  of  school  hours,  and  as  town 
councils  in  these  towns  have  not  shown  themselves 
willing  to  defray  the  charges  in  question,  legislation 
would  be  needed  to  decide  how  the  cost  of  making 
school  playgrounds  and  gymnasia  available  for  public 
use  out  of  school  hours  should  bo  defrayed. 


XXII. 

Gateshead  School  Boabd 

Represent  as  follows : — 

That  in  many  school  districts  the  education  or 
school  rate  is  becoming  a  serious  burden  to  the 
local  ratepayers. 

That  in  most  of  the  heavily  rated  districts  a  very 
large  proportion  of  the  sum  raised  by  rate  is 
absorbed  in  the  repayment  and  interest  of  loans. 

That  throughout  England  and  Wales  about  one- 
third  of  the  total  amount  thus  raised  is  required 
for  the  payment  of  these  charges. 

That  year  by  year  these  sums  are  constantly  in- 
creasing. 

That  in  districts  where  these  charges  are  felt  to  be 
oppressive  the  cause  of  education  is  hindered  and 
rendered  unpopular. 

That  in  many  instances  the  increased  rate  of  interest 
charged  by  the  Public  Works  Loan  Commissioners 
beyond  the  original  rate  of  three-and-a-half  per 
cent,  in  respect  of  loans  for  the  full  period  of 
fifty  years  has  been  productive  of  difficulty,  and 
has  involved  in  certain  school  board  districis  the 
levying  of  a  rate  specially  high  in  order  to  meet 
the  payments  consequent  upon  such  increase. 

That  the  Public  Works  Loan  Board  place  difficulty 
in  the  Way  of  loans  being  repaid  by  way  of 
annuity,  and  also  frequently  restrict  the  period 
during  which  loans  are  to  be  repaid  in  cases  in 
which  the  Education  Department  have  consented 
to  the  repayment  being  spread  over  a  greater 
number  of  years,  and  that  this  has  prevented  the 
equalizing  of  the  annual  sum  to  be  paid  in  re- 
demption of  capital  liabilities  over  the  period  for 
which  the  loan  has  been  approved,  and  has  in- 
volved the  present  ratepayers  in  a  larger  share 
of  repayment  than  they  ought  fairly  to  be  charged 
with. 

That  the  Vice-President  of  the  Committee  of 
Council  on  Education  has  expressed  himself  as 
being  "  satisfied  that  nothing  causes  more  dis- 
"  content,  or  more  eflectually  retards  the  work 
"  of  school  boards,  than  the  large  rates  now 
"  required  to  meet  the  annual  charge  for  school 
"  building,  and  this  discontent  is  greatly  aggra- 
"  vated  by  the  fact  that  the  rate  of  interest, 
"  which  was  originally  fixed  by  the  Elementary 
"  Education  Acts  of  1870  and  1873,  hae  been 
"  materially  increased  by  the  Act  of  1879,  and 
"  that  the  expectations  held  out  in  1870  that  the 
"  rate  would  never  exceed  Sd.  in  the  £  have  been 
•'  disappointed." 

That  the  reduction  in  the  rate  of  interest,  as  pro- 
posed by  the  Treasury,  is  totally  inadequate  to 
meet  the  necessities  of  the  case,  for  school  boards 
'*  ought "  (in  the  words  of  the  Vice-President) 
"to  be  restored  to  the  position  which  they 
"  occupied  before  the  Act  of  1879  was  passed, 
and  thai  no  fresh  legislation  is  required  for  this 
purpose. 


That  section  97  of  the  "  Elemontaiy  Education  Act, 
1870,"  was  specially  intended  to  assist  poor  dis- 
tricts, but  that  such  section  has  been  practically 
inoperative. 

That  in  the  opinion  of  the  Gateshead  School  Board 
these  facts  prove  the  urgent  necessity  of  relief 
being  afforded  to  school  board  districts  generally, 
and  specially  to  districts  in  which  boards  have 
been  compelled  to  provide  school  accommodation 
for  large  portions  of  the  population. 


XXIII. 


The  Mersham  ScnooL  Boaed. 

This  board  calls  attention  to  the  difficulty  experienced 
in  securing  regular  attendance  in  this  and  similar  school 
districts,  especially  in  winter  time,  in  consequence  of 
the  long  distance  many  of  the  children  live  from  the 
school.  Numbers  reside  over  two  miles  from  the  school, 
and  it  cannot  be  expected  that  little  children  can  come 
this  long  distance  in  bad  weather. 

Since  the  Government  giant  has  been  based  upon 
attendance,  such  schools  as  these  are  placed  on  a  very 
unfair  footing  compared  with  town  schools,  and  this 
board  consider  that  an  increased  grant  should  be  made 
to  these  country  schools  for  attendance. 


XXIV. 
Mr.  Williams,  of  Bettws  Garmon  Board  School. 

Permit  me  to  bring  the  following  facts  under  your 
notice,  as  a  member  of  the  Education  Commission,  and 
to  request  you  to  give  them  due  consideration.  I  think 
they  will  assist  in  convincing  you  that  the  Education 
Act  requires  amendment  in  more  than  one  direction. 

I  respectfully  submit  that  the  powers  entrusted  to 
school  boards  are  too  extensive  and  absolute ;  they  arc 
too  used  improperly,  and  to  the  gratification  of  petty 
spite  and  private  malice  by  the  members,  and  servo 
their  personal  interests.  The  teachers'  character  and 
interests  are  too  often  at  the  mercy  or  whim  of  men  who 
have  no  sympathy  with  education  or  with  the  promotion 
of  social  virtue — ignorant,  malicious,  spiteful,  and 
selfish  men.  There  is  hardly  any  corporate  body  or 
institution  in  the  realm  that  exercises  such  a  despotic 
sway  as  the  school  boards.  I  have  been  driven  from 
my  school  by  the  malice  and  vindictiveness  of  such 
characters  as  are  referred  to  above,  no  cause  or  reason 
being  assigned  or  could  be  assigned  for  my  dismissal, 
and  the  dismissal  was  persisted  in  in  the  teeth  of  tlio 
mo.st  indiofnant  protests  cf  a  whole  neighbourhood,  who 
presented  me  with  a  valuable,  handsome,  and  com- 
plimentary testimonial,  the  most  handsome  ever  made 
m  the  neighbourhood,  on  my  departure.  My  treatment 
at  the  hands  of  the  Gaerwen  School  Board  will  bo 
detailed  further  on. 

Another  instance.  About  three  years  ago,  Mr.  For- 
syth, master  of  the  Llanddona  Board  School,  Anglesey, 
was  the  object  of  a  mean  and  vindictive  persecution  from 
one  of  the  members  of  his  board,  which  no  doubt  greatly 
hastened  his  death.  His  little  boy,  who  hardly  knew 
that  he  was  doing  wrong,  joined  with  some  children  in 
nicknaming  the  grand-daughter  of  the  member  in 
question,  and  the  grandfather  determined  to  procure 
Mr.  Forsyth's  dismissal.  Ere  long,  he  secured  the 
concurrence  of  the  majority  of  the  members  present  at 
one  of  the  meetings  of  the  board,  and  Mr.  Forsyth 
received  notice  to  leave.  Though  the  neighbourhood 
afterwards  shamed  the  board  into  withdrawing  the 
notice,  yet  it  had  produced  its  effect  on  poor  Mr.  For- 
syth, who  left  a  widow  and  several  children  to  mourn  his 
untimely  death. 

There  is  another  small  school  board  in  Anglesey  with 
only  one  school  under  it.  The  schoolmaster  is  a  very 
worthy  man  from  both  a  moral  and  intellectual  point  of 
view,  and  also  a  vei-y  successful  teacher.  By  some 
strange  manoeuvring  at  the  last  school  board  election, 
three  devoted  votaries  of  Bacchus  got  on  the  board,  and 
no  sooner  had  they  taken  their  seats  than  they  began  to 
annoy  the  master  in  every  ])OS8iblo  way,  in  order  to 
make  him  so  disgusted  with  his  position  as  to  resign, 
that  they  might  secure  his  place  for  one  of  their  boon 
companions. 

Now  I  come  to  my  own  case.  I  conducted  the  Gaer- 
wen  Board  School  for  the  last  seven  years.  The  time  of 
tbo  present  board  will  expire  in  May  next,  and  of  the 
five  members  constituting  the  board,  there  is  only  one 
of  the  five  elected  three  years  ago  by  the  ratepayers, 
the  other  four  having  been  elected  by  the  board  to  fill 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL    REPORT. 


427 


vacancies  created  by  doatli  and  romoval.  On  the  boai-d 
elected  six  years  ago,  sat  two  small  tradesmen  in  difl'crent 
lines  of  business.  I  gave  them  the  greater  part  of  my 
onstom  ;  but  they  were  not  satisfied  without  getting  the 
whole.  They  entered  upon  a  crusade  against  me,  calling 
upon  the  pupils'  parents,  to  try  to  prejudice  theii'  minds 
against  me,  and  endeavouring  to  induce  their  fellow 
members  to  agree  to  my  dismissal.  The  parishioners 
met  and  sent  a  deputation  to  the  board  to  protest  atjaiust 
my  dismissal,  and  the  dismissal  was  abandoned.  When 
the  present  board  was  first  formed,  only  those  were 
returned  who  were  favourable  to  the  retention  of  my 
services ;  but  as  vacancies  occurred,  the  tradesmen  in 
question  succeeded  in  inducing  two  members  of  the 
board  to  take  against  me,  and  fill  the  vacancies  with 
persons  inimical  to  me,  one  of  those  so  elected  being  one 
of  the  tradesmen  in  question.  As  soon  as  he  had  taken 
his  seat,  a  notice  to  leave  was  sent  to  me,  and  in  the 
meantime  some  of  the  members  went  from  house  to 
house,  trying  to  make  the  parents  believe  charges  which 
they  themselves  knew  to  be  unmitigated  lies.  When  I 
called  them  to  account,  they  denied  having  made  them. 
Although  I  have  received  legal  opinion  that  there  are 
good  grounds  for  an  action  for  libel,  yet  I  have  hesitated 
to  take  that  course  on  account  of  the  anxiety  and 
uncertainty  connected  with  legal  proceedings  and  want 
of  funds. 

Meantime,  the  indignation  of  the  parishioners  at  the 
board's  treatment  of  me  assumed  the  form  of  public 
meetings  at  which  deputations  were  appointed  to  wait 
upon  the  Board  to  protest  against  my  dismissal  and 
demand  reasons;  but  the  board  refused  repeatedly  to 
receive  the  deputations,  or  to  give  any  reasons  for  my 
dismissal.  They  defied  the  whole  neighbourhood  in 
order  to  gratify  their  vindictive  feelings  against  me. 
They  also  wanted  to  secure  my  expulsion  before  the  next 
triennial  election,  as  they  felt  sure  there  would  be  no 
chance  then  to  carry  their  nefarious  designs  into  execu- 
tion. Their  conduct  has  created  disgust  at  the  present 
board  in  particular,  and  all  school  boards.  The  school 
has  received  a  rude  shock,  and  a  great  number  of  the 
pupils  have  gone  to  other  schools,  aud  in  the  opinion  of 
the  parishioners  the  institution  of  school  boards  is  a 
curse. 

Besides  being  a  loser,  by  this  sudden  and  unexpected 
dismissal,  of  about  CUJ.  per  annum,  as  I  was  compelled, 
through  the  plethora  of  teachers  in  the  market  at  the 
time,  to  accept  a  small  school,  I  shall  be  still  further 
a  loser  through  the  falling  off  in  the  number  in  atten- 
dance at  the  Gaerwon  Board  School  from  last  January, 
when  the  school  passed  from  my  hands,  to  June  next, 
when  the  inspection  is  due.  The  chief  part  of  my  .salary 
was  my  portion  (three-fourths)  of  the  grant.  As  I  have 
been  in  charge  of  the  school  for  seven  months  of  the 
current  school  year,  there  was  due  to  me  when  I  left  on 
the  1st  January  last  about  40i.  of  the  grant,  calculated 
on  the  basis  of  last  year's  grant.  The  board  refused  to 
pay  me  any  portion  of  the  grant,  or  allow  me  to  conduct 
the  school  until  the  next  inspection.  It  was  a  hardship 
to  be  obliged  to  move  at  such  an  inclement  part  of  the 
year,  and  with  a  comparatively  empty  pocket,  and,  bo 
far  as  the  action  of  the  boaid  went,  with  a  tarnished 
reputation.  It  is  unnecessary  to  add  that  my  health 
greatly  suffered.  The  chairman  of  the  public  meetings 
at  Gaerwen  communicated  with  the  Education  Depart- 
ment ;  but  the  reply  was  that  the  Department  had  no 
control  whatever  over  the  aetifins  of  the  board  in  the 
matter.  The  board  made  no  complaint  against  me,  and 
their  outside  supporters  did  not  number  more  than  half 
a  dozen  in  the  whole  jiuiisli.  By  the  action  of  the 
board,  my  portion  of  the  grant  may  be  reduced  to  nil. 

I  maintain  that  provision  should  be  made  to  limit  the 
power  of  school  boards. 

(1.)  That  provision  should  be  made  against  capricious 

dismissals  by  an  appeal  to  a  higher  tribunal. 
(2.)  That  cumulative  voting  at  the  election  of  school 

boards  should  be  abolished. 
(3.)  That  the  ratepayers,  in  public  meeting  assembled, 
should  have  a  veto  on  the  action  of  the  board 
in   the    dismissal    of   a   schoolmaster    or    the 
redaction  of  his  salary. 
(4.)  The  power  given  to  the  board  to  fill  up  vacancies 
caused  by   deaths,   removals,   or    resiojnations 
should  be-  taken   from  it  and  remitted  to  the 
ratepayers. 
(5.)  The  area  ol  sohool  boards  should  be   much  en- 
larged, these  small  school  boards  are  a  curse  to 
education. 


XXV. 

Mr.  Reginald  Gill,  Biokham,  Roborough. 

Are  the  present  inspectors  the  most  suitable  persons 
for  the  post? 

Could  not  much  more  efficient  ones  bo  procured  at  a 
much  less  cost  ? 

Are  they  not  almost  totally  devoid  of  a  knowledge 
of  the  world,  and  the  retinirements  of  the  working 
classes  ? 

Should  not  the  office  of  inspector  be  retained  for 
school  masters,  who,  after  long  service,  have  proved 
their  efficiency,  and  pensions  be  saved  ? 

Are  not  elementary  schools  very  deficient  in  their 
results  as  to  reading,  writing,  and  arithmetic,  the 
ground  work  of  an  elementary  school,  and  does  not  this 
arise  from  a  bad  arrangement  of  the  time  tables, 
whereby  in  large  school  rooms  more  than  one  vivS.  voce 
lesson  is  being  conducted  at  the  same  time,  with  the 
result  that  each  class  is  howling  down  its  neighbour  P 

Are  the  persons  who  teach  writing  and  arithmetic, 
in  many  instances,  competent  to  do  so,  or  to  keep  order 
in  the  school  ? 

A  member  of  a  school  board  is  unable  to  take  a 
contract  under  the  board  for  work  to  be  done  or  goods 
supplied,  but  he  is  not  prevented  from  obtaining  ap- 
pointments as  teachers  for  his  own  children  under  the 
same  board,  of  which  he  is  a  member  ;  this  now  occurs 
in  the  parish  of  Calstock,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall ; 
the  chairman,  a  book  hawker,  of  the  name  of  Annear, 
has  two  children  so  employed  under  the  Calstock  School 
Board,  one  at  a  salary  of  501.  per  annum,  and  obtained 
without  any  advertisement  or  competition  on  the  part 
of  the  public,  and  the  other  child  at  a  salary  of  101. 
per  annum. 

Should  not  the  compulsory  standard  for  education  bo 
the  same  throughout  the  whole  of  the  United  Kingdom  P 
Should  not  the  first  half  hour  daily  in  every  school  bo 
devoted  to  religions  and  moral  teaching,  aud  should  not 
the  reading  books  in  schools  be  selected  with  a  view  of 
meeting  the  requirements  of  the  district  p 

Should  not  a  person  bo  disqualified  from  being  a 
member  of  a  school  board  who  is  in  receipt  of  parochial 
relief  for  any  member  of  his  family  ;  at  the  present 
time  a  member  of  the  Tavistock  School  Board  has  a 
son  in  the  lunatic  asylum  at  Exminster  as  a  pauper 
lunatic  ? 

In  rural  districts,  where  the  population  is  sparse,  is 
it  not  desirable  to  provide  inexpen.sivo  school  rooms, 
under  an  assistant  teacher,  but,  working  in  connection 
with  the  head  school  of  the  district  ? 

Is  not  the  great  blot  of  the  present  education  system, 
that  it  is  deficient  iu  teaching  the  rising  generation  to 
earn  as  well  as  to  learn  ?  and  are  not  technical  schools 
much  required  for  this  purpose  so  as  to  assist  the 
children  after  leaving  school,  and  to  make  them  useful 
members  of  society  in  future  ? 

Are  theie  not  s  me  chaiitablo  funds  devoted  to  the 
poor  that  could  be  so  utilised.  At  Tavistock,  I  think, 
there  is  one  known  as  Watts'  Trust,  which  is  now  little 
better  than  wasted.  Mr.  Wing,  the  Duke  of  Bedford's 
Agent  at  the  Bedford  Office,  Bloomsbury,  might  be 
able  to  give  some  information  on  this  point. 

Is  not  the  present  system  of  teaching  in  elementary 
schools  merely  a  system  of  cram,  and  sound  ground  work 
wholly  neglected  —  everything  done  with  a  view  of 
obtaining  a  large  grant? 

Representatives  of  the  working  classes  often  know 
very  little  of  the  internal  working  of  a  school,  and  when 
their  monthly  visits  of  inspection  occur,  have  been 
known  to  have  their  reports  prepared  and  written  by  one 
of  the  teachers  of  the  school  which  ho  h:iB  inspected. 

Ought  not  taxation  and  representation  to  go  together  ? 
And  no  person  who  is  not  a  ratepayer  ought  not  to  be 
on  the  school  board  of  the  district. 


o     55387. 


3  1 


XXVI. 

SiAPTOED  School  Board. 

"  Copy  of  the  Minute." 

"  It  was  proposed  by  Mr.  G.  J.  Flamant,  seconded  by 
Mr.  H.  Halden,  and  carried  unanimously: — 

"  That  this  Board  suggest  to  the  Royal  Commission 
on  Educntion  that  the  Education  Act  should  bo 
amended  so  as  to  give  school  boards  and  school 
attendance  committees  of  mnuicipnl  roi'iKiratioiis 


428 


i;I-EMKMTAKY    KDUC  \TION    ACTPS    COMMISSION 


the  power  of  paying  from  the  local  i-atcs  tha 
school  fees  of  children  in  cases  where  the  parents 
are  unahle  from  poverty  to  do  so. 
'  Further,  the  Board  desire  most  respectfully  to  say 
that  they  cannot  too  strongly  condemn  the 
present  system  of  compelling  parents  to  apply  to 
guardians  for  such  payment,  and  of  having  their 
cases  investigated  by  relieving  officers,  thus  in- 
curring the  odium,  of  being  practically  placed 
almost  on  the  same  footing  as  ordinary  paupers." 


xxvn. 


About  70  Memorials  from  the  R.  C.  Archbishops  and 
Bishops  in  Scotland,  and  from  managers  of  E.  C.  schools 
in  Scotland,  in  the  following  form,  shewing:— 

1st.— That  the  Education  Act  of  1872  has  proved 
unequal  in  its  application,  and  instead  of  supple- 
menting and  completing  Ibe  voluntary  system  of 
Scotland,  as  originally  intended,  has  already 
crushed  out  of  existence  a  very  large  number  of 
voluntary  schools,  and  seriously  threatens  the 
existence  of  the  remainder,  by  the  overwhelming 
disadvantages  under  which  it  places  them  ; 

2nd. That,   while  voluntary   schools  do   the  whole 

educational  work  required  of  them  by  the  legis- 
lature, subject  to  the  same  inspection,  under  the 
same  control,  judged  by  the  same  standards  aa 
the  board  schools,  they  receive  of  public  money 
only  the  same  Government  grant  as  the  board 
schools,  without  any,  even  partial,  equivalent  for 
the  unlimited  rates  allowed  to  the  latter  ; 

3rd. That  the  supporters  of  voluntary  schools  have 

thus  to  bear  a  double  burden  for  their  efficient 
maintenance,  and   also  to  contribute  their  full 
share  of  the  rates  from  which  board  schools  are 
built  and  maintained ; 
and  praying  that  the  memorialists  rejoice  at  the  ap- 
pointment of  a  Royal  Commission,  now  inquiring  into 
the  operation  of  the  English  Education  Acts,  and  pray 
to  be  heard  and  give  evidence  before  that  Royal  Com- 
mission with  reference  to  the  voluntary   schools  and 
board  schools  of  Scotland. 


XXVIII. 


Ipswich  School  Boakd. 

The  Board  propose  that  it  is  desirable  that  the  code 
of  regulations  of  the  Gothinitteo  of  Council  on  Education 
Bhould  be  revised  triennially. 

I. Disadvantages  of  the  present  system   of  annual 

revision.  . 

(a.)  That  the  frequent  alterations  of  the  articles  of 
the   Code    very  often    resnlt    in   considerable 
practical  inconvenience,  and  in  the  loss  of  time 
and  money. 
(b.)  That  the  facility  for  making  alterations  leads  to 
the   suggestion  and  adoption    of   imperfectly 
considered  and  injudicious  proposals, 
(c.)  That  such   frequent    alterations   cause   a    great 
feeling    of     uncertainty     and    dissatisfaction 
amongst    all    classes    of   persons  engaged  in 
educational  work,   whether  as   members   and 
officers  of  school  boards,  or  as  managers  and 
teachers  of  schools. 
(d.)  That  this  uncertainty  is  detrimental  to  the  work, 
because  it  prevents  that  fair  acceptance  of  the 
code  as  an  educational  guide,  which  is  neces- 
sary to  produce   a  thorough  interest  in  the 
working  out  of  its  provisions, 
(e.)  That  the  annual  changes  are  embarrassing  and 
irritating  to  local  educational  authorities,  and 
tend  to  discourage  many  persons  from  joining 
snoh    bodies,     who    would    make    eminently 
desirable  members. 
(/.)  That  the  state  of  uncertainty  producea  hj  the 
present  system  is  especially  prejudicial  m  its 
effects  upon  the  teachers  ;  that  it  prevents  the 
desirable  concentration  of  their  energies  upon 
the  actual   work  of  teaching ;   that  it  draws 
their  attention   from   the   educational   to   the 
administrative  articles  of  the  code ;  and  that 
it   fosters  and    keeps   up   amongst    thena    an 
osoiting,  distracting,  and  worrying  agitation. 

H. — Advantages  of  a  triennial  revision. 

(o.)  That  the  greater  stability  of  the  provisions  of  the 
code  would  conduce  to  a  saving  of  time,  to 
convenience,  to  educational  improvement,  and 
to  economy. 


{h.)  That  with  a  settled  and  oxtended  period  for 
revision,  the  suggestions  offered  by  local 
educational  authorities  would  bu  based  upon 
maturer  experience ;  that  the  suggestions 
would  bo  offered  simultaneously  ;  and  that  the 
revision  would  be  performed  with  more  care. 

(r,.)  That  a  feeling  of  confidence  in  the  code  would 
be  promoted  amongst  all  classes  engaged  in 
the  work. 

yd.)  That  this  confidence  would  greatly  add  to  the 
interest  and  earnestness  of  the  local  educational 
authorities ;  and  that  the  code  would  meet 
generally  with  far  readier  acceptance. 

(e.)  That  it  would  simplify  the  duties,  and  decrease 
the  labour  of  all  concerned;  that  it  would 
encourage  a  better  and  wider  study  of  the 
code ;  that  as  school  boards  are  elected  trien- 
nially it  would  give  members  but  one  code  to 
study  instead  of  a  code  changed  three  times 
during  their  membership ;  and  that  it  would 
help  to  attract  to  the  work  many  persons  who 
find  that  the  mastery  of  a  code  which  is  changed 
every  year  entails  too  heavy  a  call  upon  their 
attention. 

(/.)  That  it  would  be  specially  beneficial  to  the 
teachers  ;  that  it  would  enable  them  to  carry 
out  any  educational  scheme  uninterruptedly 
for  three  years ;  and  that  it  would  break  the 
continuity  of  the  strain  upon  them  which  is 
caused  by  the  present  ceaseless  agitation. 


XXIX. 


The  Rev.  W.  Stodoakt,  B.A.,  a  Member  of  Whitby 
School  Board. 

There  exists  in  the  town  of  Whitby  an  injustice  and 
inequality,  arising  from  the  fact  the  school  rate  which 
is  levied  to  supply  the  deficiency  of  school  accommoda- 
tion in  the  whole  town  is  made  to  fall  upon  one-half 
only  of  the  town,  and  that  part  the  poorest. 

In  order  to  explain  the  present  position  of  affairs,  it 
is  necessary  to  mention  the  following  facts.     The  town 
of  Whitby,  not  being  a  corporate  town,  is  divided  into 
two  parishes  and  school  districts,  called  Whitby  and 
Ruswarp.      The   former  includes   the  old  part  of  the 
town,  in  which  reside  a  largo  number  of  poor  people, 
as  may  be  judged  from  the  lact  that,  although  the  total 
rateable  value  of  the  parish  is  only  16,000L,  there  are 
2,000  occupiers  whose  rateable  values  are  under  bl.,  and 
of  these  900  are  under  3?.  each.    In  the  Ruswarp  parish, 
on  the  other  hand,  reside  the  rich  and  well-to-do  people 
of  Whitby.     Its  rateable  value  is  26,O00L,   which  i& 
increasing  annually,  but,  owing  to  the  mere  accident 
that   most   ef   the    elementary    schools    belonging '  to 
Whitby   have  been  built  in  the  Ruswarp  parish,  the 
school  board  district  has  been  limited  to  the  Whitby 
parish,  with  the  result  that  the  poor  people  living  in 
the  lower  part  of  the  town  have  to  pay  a  heavy  school 
rate,  whilst  the  better  class  residing  in  the  upper  part 
pay  no  school  rate.     The  rate  at  present  is  eightpence 
in  the  pound  per  annum  but  if  it  were  spread  over  the 
whole  town  it  would  only  be  threepence.     To  show  the 
difference  between  the  two  parishes,  it  may  be  men- 
tioned  thai   180  persons   in   the  Whitby   parish  have 
lately  been  summoned  before  the  magistrates  for  the 
non-payment  of  the  poor  rate  (in  which  is  included  the 
school  rate),  whilst  not  one  person  has  been  summoned 
in  Ruswarp  parish  for  the  same  rate.     It  may  also  bo 
stated  that    all  the   members   of  the   Whitby    School 
Board  reside  in  Ruswarp  parish.     To  prove  that  the 
schools  in   Ruswarp    parish    belong  to   the   whole   of 
Whitby,  it  is  only  necessfxy  to  state  that  one  of  these 
schools   is   the  only  British   school  in  the  town,  that 
nearly   all  its  scholars  belong  to  the  Whitby  parish, 
and,  if  it  were  situated  on  the  other  side  of  the  road,  it 
would  bo   in  the  Whitby   parish.     Another  school  in 
Ruswarp  parish  is  the  Catholic ;  this,  also,  is  the  only 
school  of  that  denomination  in  Whitby,  and  the  scholars 
come  from  all  parts  of  the  town.     The  remaining  school, 
belonging  to  the  Church  of  England,  is  the  only  one 
which  can  rightly  bo  claimed  as  belonging  to  the  parish. 
It   is   by  claiming   these    schools  aa  belonging  to  the 
Ruswarp  parisli  that  the  denominational  party  in  the 
town   are   able  to   prevent  the  inclusion  of  Ruswarp 
parish  in  the  Whitby  School  Board  district,  and  thus 
to  perpetuate  the  injustice  complained  of. 

This  injustice  would  be  removed  by  the  union  of  the 
two  parishes. 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL    UKPOKT. 


•128 


XXX. 

Resolution  of  the  Olapham  Vestky. 
That  a  letter  be  written  to  the  Education  Depai-tment 
in  favour  of  single-member  constituencies  for  the 
London  School  Board ;  also  that  the  charge  be  made  a 
separate  rate,  but  still  to  be  collected  with  the  other 
rates. 


XXXI. 


The  Eev.  G.  Bond,  of  Parn worth  Vicarage,  WidnBs. 

I  desire  to  represent  the  disadvantages  under  which 
such  schools  as  we  have  at  Bold  and  Farnworth  labour 
compared  with  many  around  us.  Both  these  districts 
of  my  parish  are  very  wide  ;  Bold  is  quite  three  miles 
across,  and  Parnworth  even  more.  The  population, 
too,  is  chiefly  resident  at  the  extremities.  How  can 
we  expect  an  average  attendance  like  that  of  other 
schools  where  the  children  Uve  cluse  at  hand  ?  During 
the  past  winter  wc  have  had  to  close  both  schools  for 
three  weeks,  because  of  the  heavy  snow,  Ac,  and  often 
had  to  mark  the  register  when  little  more  than  half  the 
children  were  present.  This,  if  the  systeni  of  propor- 
tioning the  grant  to  the  average  attendance  is  continued, 
will  be  a  canse  of  considerable  loss  to  us,  especially  this 
year ;  and  the  same  efficiency  cannot  be  expected  at  the 
examination  if  the  pupils  have  not  been  able  to  attend. 
Could  not  some  allowance  be  made  for  such  cases  by 
the  inspector  or  Committee  of  Council,  both  as  to  the 
average  and  standard  of  proficiency  required  ?  Other- 
wise I  cannot  see  how  such  voluntary  schools  are  to  be 
maintained,  for  both  the  school  fees  will  amount  to  less 
than  those  of  other  schools  and  the  Government  grant 
must  be  smaller. 


entirely  inoperative,  owing  to  the  apathy  of  the  parents, 
their  inability  to  bear  one-half  of  the  expense,  their 
unwillingness  to  part  from  their  children,  or  because 
they  are  pei-sons  whom  the  guardians  do  not  feel 
justified  in  assisting  from  the  rates, 

And  whereas,  in  the  opinion  of  your  memorialistB, 
provision  might  well  be  made  for  the  suitable  daily 
instruction  of  these  children,  in  connexion  with  an 
ordinary  elementary  school,  or  at  some  centre  con- 
venient for  the  children, 

And  whereas  the  expense  of  this  arrangement, 
although  much  less  than  that  of  an  institution  involving 
residence,  would  be  greater  than  that  of  an  ordinary 
elementary  school, 

Your  memorialists  desire  urgently  to  represent  their 
opinion  that  provision  should  be  made  in  the  Education 
Acts,  and  in  the  Code  of  Minutes  of  the  Education 
Department,  for  the  education  of  deaf-mutes  and  blind 
children,  lor  a  regulated  course  of  instruction,  and  for 
the  payment  of  grant  commensurate  with  the  cost  and 
diflficulties  of  the  teaching. 


XXXII. 


The  Rev.  J.  P.  Billisg,  of  Seavington,  Dminster. 

I  would  ask  you  to  consider  the  principle  on  which 
Her  Majesty's  inspectors  bestow  the  merit  grant,  espe- 
cially with  regard  to  agricultural  <listricts,  and  by  this 
I  mean  what  standard  of  excellence  is  adopted.  The 
children  in  attendance  have  to  come  long  distances, 
and,  therefore,  in  rural  schools  as  compared  with  town 
schools,  there  is  a  great  disadvantage  with  regard  to 
the  grant,  both  as  regards  average  attendance  and  the 
pavment  for  the  subjects  of  examination.  I  feel  con- 
cerned in  this  matter,  as  for  14  years  I  have  been  an 
assistant  diocesan  inspector  of  schools  in  this  district, 
and,  therefore,  with  every  feeling  of  deference  and 
respect,  ask  your  consideration,  when  examining  the 
statistics  that  will  be  placed  before  you,  as  I  imagine 
that  the  Education  Deiiartmeiit  is  desirous  of  rendering 
every  reasjiiable  assistance  with  regard  to  the  education 
of  the  poor,  with  a  due  regard  to  economy,  I  should 
like  to  hear  from  voii  whether  I  may  add  any  more 
information  in  respect  of  the  results  of  compulsion  and 
the  mode  of  maintaining  schools  by  rates  or  sub- 
scriptions. 

Being  a  guardian  of  the  poor,  and  having  been  a 
member  of  the  school  attendance  committee,  I  would 
like  to  give  my  experience  of  the  work  of  the  "atten- 
dance officer,"  and  ask  that  the  appointment  in 
voluntary  schools  should  be  left  open  and  not  confined 
to  the  relieving  officer  for  the  district ;  also  that  inquiry 
should  be  made  in  a  most  accurate  manner  as  to  the 
amount  and  character  of  the  work  done  by  Her 
Majesty's  inspectors  and  their  assistants,  and  the 
expense  thereof  to  the  Government,  and  also  as  to  the 
difficulties  of  small  schools. 


XXXIII. 


XXXIV. 


The  Eev.  B.  Weight,  the  Rectory,  Darlaston. 

As  to  school  pence,  my  opinion  is  that  the  parents  of 
the  so-called  "working  classes"  ought  to  pay  some- 
thing towards  the  education  of  their  children,  as  paying 
for  a  thing  causes  them  to  value  it. 

I  venture  to  suggest  that  there  is  one  hardship  in  the 
case  of  voluntary  schools  which  might  very  easily  be 
removed,  and  that  is  the  deduction  under  Article  114  (6), 
which  deduction  is  very  hard  on  schools  in  poor  places 
such  as  Darlaston  is.  We  charge  id.,  Zd.,  M.,  and  Qd. 
per  week,  and  the  majority  of  the  children  are  at  the 
lowest  fee.  Our  subscriptions  amount  to  about  Wl.  per 
annum  only,  and  evei"y  year  wo  have  a  deduction. 
40Z.  19s.  lOd.,  57i.  4».,  37i.  9».  4d.,  32f.  13s.  hd.  are 
examples  of  the  sums  deducted.  Now  it  would  be  very 
easy  to  raise  the  income  of  our  school  by  doubling 
most  of  the  school  pence,  and  making  the  highest  fee 
9(?.  Wc  should  get  a  larger  grant  on  a  smaller  atten- 
dance, but  then  the  schools  would  not  be  for  the  benefit 
of  the  poor  people  in  the  place.  The  children  of  the 
poorest  classes  would  thus  be  forced  into  the  board 
school  (a  thing  which  their  souls  abhor),  and  the  parish 
church  school  would  be  for  the  benefit  only  of  the 
tradespeople  and  better  classes  among  the  labouring  popu- 
lation, and  thus  cease  to  be  what  they  were  built  for. 

I  suggest  that  the  full  grant  earned  should  be  paid  to 
all  schools  in  which  the  average  fee  was  a  certain  sum, 
say  4d.  or  6d.  This  would  enable  a  considerable  number 
of  schools  in  poor  places  now  carried  on  as  voluntary 
schools  to  continue  their  work.  20J.  is  a  large  sum  for 
us  to  raise,  and  it  is  not  only  the  20/.  that  we  raise,  but 
the  money  that  we  save  that  ought  to  be  taken  into 
consideration.  Why  should  board  schools  get  all  they 
earn,  and  voluntary  schools,  because  they  are  voluntary, 
suffer  from  these  large  deductions  ?  We  want  money 
to  repair  the  schools  now,  and  we  must  get  up  a  bazaar 
or  something  which,  if  we  could  only  lay  our  hands  on 
our  own  earnings,  we  shbuld  be  well  able  to  carry  the 
work  on  without  these  constant  struggles. 


XXXV. 


The  Memohul  of  the  Baskow-iK-Fueness  School 

BOAED, 

Eespectfuliy  SHEWETU,  ,       ,    J.       •         r 

WUEBEAS  there  are  within  the  school  district  ot 
tlie  borough  of  Barrow-in-Furness  a  number  of  chil- 
dren of  the  public  elementary  school  class  who  are 
from  birth  deaf-mutes,  and  a  number  of  others  who  are 
blind,  for  whose  education  the  ordinary  public  elemen- 
tary schools  make  no  suitable  provision. 

And  whereas  the  powers  conferred  upon  poor  law 
gnardiaiis  to  assist  the  parents  to,  send  these  children  to 
institutiona  established  for  their  training  are  almost 


The  Beistol  Band  oe  Hope  Union. 

The  committee  of  this  union  understand  that,  in  a 
great  number  of  cases,  where  parents  have  been  found 
to  neglect  to  caixy  out  the  requirements  of  the  Educa- 
tion Acts,  and  have  shown  want  of  interest  iu  the 
welfare  of  their  children,  their  neglect  has  arisen  from 
one  or  both  of  them  giving  way  to  habits  of  intoxica- 
tion ;  they  therefore  hope  that  your  Commission  may 
see  its  way  to  recommend  that,  in  the  next  Education 
Code,  a  certain  time,  aay  ono  hour  per  week,  be  given 
to  instructing  the  children  attending  elementary  schools 
from  one  or  more  of  the  good  temperance  text  books. 

They  think  much  good  would  result,  as  tlio  childi-en 
would  then  be  taught  from  an  early  age  that  alcohoUo 
liquors  are  not  necessary  to  sustain  life,  and  the  proba- 
bility of  their  contracting  intemperate  habits  as  they 
grow  up  would  bo  reduced.  The  answer  has  been  given 
that  this  instruction  should  be  conveyed  to  the  children 
in  Sunday  schools  and  bands  of  hope ;  but  there  are 
{Treat  numbers  of  children  attending  elementary  schools 
who  never  go  to  any  Sunday  school  or  baud  of  hope. 


3  T  2 


iliO 


KLEMKNXAKY   KuOOATlON   ACTS   COMMISSION; 


and  these  are,  iu  very  mauy  oases,  the  children  more 
especially  brought  under  the  worst  home  influences. 

They  are  therefore  of  opinion  that  the  only  way  to 
get  them  instructed  in  the  matter  is,  that  they  should 
have  some  temperance  teaching  as  part  of  their  lessons 
when  at  the  school  which  they  are  compelled  by  the  law 
to  attend. 


XXXVI. 


Mr.  W.  Howard,  of  Liverpool. 

I  beg  leave  to  bring  before  your  notice  a  subject 
which  I  think  might  profitably  be  brought  before  the 
Royal  Commission  on  Education,  since  it  affects  the 
higher  education  of  children  in  public  elementary 
schools.  I  allude  to  the  teaching  of  science  as  a  subject 
of  instruction,  iu  order  to  eani  grants  from  the  Science 
and  Art  Department.  South  Kensington.  There  are 
many  intelligent  children  in  what  might  be  called  the 
lower  standards  of  public  elomentai-y  schools,  to  whom 
might  bo  taught  at  least  the  elementary  stage  of  some 
of  the  science  subjects  of  this  department ;  and,  with 
regai'd  to  the  class  of  children  of  whom  I  am  specially 
speaking,  such  instruction  would  not  in  any  way  be 
detrimental  to  the  ordinaiy  standard  work,  but  would, 
as  has  been  practically  found,  materially  assist  it. 
Formerly,  the  rule  of  the  Science  and  Art  Department 
on  this  point  was,  that  no  child  was  to  be  presented  in 
a  science  subject  who  had  not  passed  the  fourth  standard 
of  the  Code.  I  consider  this  too  high  a  standard  to 
prescribe.  But  now,  however,  no  grant  is  paid  by  the 
Science  and  Art  Department  on  behalf  of  any  child  who 
has  not  passed  the  sixth  standard  (see  section  XLVII., 
Science  Directory). 

I  would  suggest  that  your  Commission  should  con- 
sider the  advisability  of  altogether  doing  away  with 
these  restrictions,  the  jjrcsent  high  standard  to  be 
attained  before  children  are  presented  for  examination 
by  the  Science  and  Art  Department  making  it  not 
worth  while,  in  most  schools,  to  introduce  science  sub- 
jects, and  there  is  thus  very  little  encouragement  given 
to  a  higher  kind  of  teaching.  Similar  remarks  might 
be  made  with  regard  to  the  "specific  Bubjects"  of  the 
Education  Department. 

I  think  it  would  not  be  difficult  for  your  Commission 
to  obtain  evidence  of  the  absurdity  of  the  objections 
usually  given  to  teaching  younger  children  the  subjects 
alluded  to.  Of  course  it  must  be  understood  that  I  am 
referring  to  the  more  intelligent  children  found  in 
schools.  "With  respect  to  children  of  a  low  order  of 
intelligence,  no  restrictions  or  aljseiicu  of  restriction 
would  be  of  any  avail.  Your  Commission  will,  no 
doubt,  already  have  had  evidence  of  the  fact  that 
very  little  allowance  has  hitherto  been  made  for  the 
varying  degrees  of  intelligence  possessed  by  different 
children. 


XXXVII. 


The  Memorial  of  the  School  Board  tor  London  ; 

Eesfectfully  sheweth, 

That  there  are  within  the  Metropolitan  District 
a  number  of  children  of  the  public  elementary  school 
class  who  are  from  birth  deaf  and  dumb,  and  a  number 
of  others  who  are  blind,  for  whose  education  the 
ordinary  public  elemcntai-y  schools  make  no  suitable 
provision ; 

That  special  provision  is  made  by  your  memorialists 
ior  the  suitable  daily  instruction  of  313  deaf  and  dumb 
children  and  130  blind  children; 

That  the  expense  of  this  arrangement  is  much  greatei 
than  that  of  the  ordinary  elementary  school ; 

That  your  memorialists  therefore  desire  urgently  to 
represent  their  opinion  that  provision  should  be  made 
in  the  Education  Acts  and  in  the  Code  of  Minutes  of 
the  Education  Department  for  the  education  of  deaf 
and  dumb  and  blind  children,  and  for  the  payment  of 
giant  commensurate  with  the  cost  and  difficulties  of 
rhe  teaching ; 

And,  That  your  memorialists  accordingly  pray  that 
the  Commission  over  which  you  preside  may  be  able  to 
approve  these  suggestions,  and  to  I'ecommeiul  such 
amendments  of  the  Acts  and  Code  as  may  appear 
necessary. 


XXXVIII. 

The  Memorial  of  the  AsHTON-unDBR-LyNE  School 
Board. 

Sheweth, 

L  That  the  jjrovisions  of  Art.  114  of  the  Code  of 
Kegulations  of  the  Education  Department,  which  limits 
the  amount  of  grant  earned  over  17s.  6d.  per  child  in 
average  attendance  to  the  amount  of  the  income  of  the 
school  from  all  sources,  other  than  the  parliamentary 
grant,  ought  to  be  repealed. 

2.  That  the  conditions  under  w-hich  the  merit  grant 
is  at  present  earned  should  be  revised,  and  the  fixed 
grant  increased. 

3.  That,  in  consequence  of  the  inutility  of  the  com- 
pulsory clauses  of  the  Act,  it  is  desirable  that  the  local 
educational  authorities  should  be  empowered  to  give 
certificates  of  exemption  from  examination  to  the 
managers  of  schools  for  scholars  who,  frum  no  defect  in 
the  school,  have  not  attended  60  per  cent,  of  the  last 
22  weeks  of  the  school  year,  and  who  cannot,  by  the 
present  instructions  to  inspectors,  be  put  upon  the 
exemption  sheet,  such  as  truants,  ragged  children, 
children  of  paients  who  are  ill,  children  away  from 
home  tempoiarily,  &c. 

4.  That  school  boards  should  have  power  to  order  the 
payment  l)y  guardians  of  the  poor  of  fees  in  all  schools 
for  any  child,  the  income  of  whose  parents  comes 
within  a  certain  uniform  poverty  scale. 

5.  That  the  present  regulations  relating  to  grants  for 
evening  classes,  and  the  course  of  instruction  necessai-y 
to  obtain  such  grants,  should  be  revised,  and  that  pro- 
vision should  be  made  so  that  a  more  practical  and 
technical  course  of  teaching  might  be  followed  in  such 
classes. 


XXXIX. 


Bedminsteh  (extra-municipal)  School  Board. 

1.  The  first  point  to  which  it  is  desired  to  call 
attention  is  the  existing  limitation  of  the  amount  of  the 
annual  grant  under  sec.  19  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Act,  1876,  which  causes  in  many  eases  considerable 
pecuniary  loss,  after  hard  work  on  the  part  of  both 
teachers  and  children,  and  disappointment  and  dis- 
couragement to  managers,  teachers,  and  ratepayers, 
and  tends  to  make  the  cause  of  education  unpopular 

The  amount  deducted  from  the  grant  to  the  board  in 
the  year  ending  September  188.5  was  76/.  7s.  9d.,  out  of 
a  grant  earned  of  about  8001.  As  the  head  teachers  are 
paid  one  moiety  of  the  amount  eai-ned,  there  was  a  still 
further  loss  to  the  ratepayers  of  half  the  amount  of  the 
grant  so  deducted. 

This  sum  included  the  special  grant  to  pupil  teachers, 
which,  being  aivided  by  the  board  between  the  head 
teachers  and  pupil  teachers  in  accordance  with  the 
recommendation  of  the  department,  also  had  to  be  paid 
out  of  the  rates. 

There  is  but  one  voluntary  school  in  this  district,  and 
the  school  board  rate  is  high ,  being  with  difficulty,  kept 
as  low  as  Sd.  in  the  pound,  and  is  a  serious  burden  to 
the  local  ratepayers. 

This  board  therefore  respectfully  suggest  that  steps 
should  be  taken  to  remove  the  existing  limitation  of  the 
grant,  and  to  provide  that  all  the  grant  earned  for 
standard  or  class  subjects,  needlework,  and  special 
grants  to  pupil  teachera,  shall  be  paid  without  any 
deduction  whatever  ;  the  number  of  class  subjects  to  be 
taken  in  each  being  of  course  limited  as  at  present  by 
the  Department. 

2.  For  similar  reasons  this  board  earnestly  recom- 
mend that  sec.  97  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act, 
1870,  be  amended  by  the  substitution  of  10s.  6d.  lor 
7«.  6d.,  and  liy  the  addition  of  words  to  the  following 
effect : — 

"  That  where  a  school  board  satisfy  the  Department 
"  that  a  rate  of  more  than  3d!,  is  required  to  meet 
"  the  expenses  iucuiTed  in  the  repayment  and 
"  interest  of  loans,  such  school  board  shall  be 
"  entitled  to  special  relief  in  respect  of  the  rate 
"  over  and  above  the  said  3d."  The  number  of 
years  over  which  repayment  should  extend,  and  the 
amount  of  interest  to  bo  regulated  by  the  Depart- 
ment in  the  same  manner  as  the  amount  borrowed 
is  now  sanctioned. 


APVENU1XE6    TO    B'lNAL    KEPUKT 


4.;n 


3.  It  is  considered  desirable  that  the  power  of  com- 
pelling childi'en  from  13  to  14  years  of  age  to  attend 
elementary  schools  should  be  abolished,  as  in  the 
opiuion  of  this  board  compulsory  attendance  in  the 
great  majority  of  such  cases  is  practically  of  no  value. 
And  the  piev.iiling  opinion  in  this  district  being  that 
all  children  when  13  year?  of  age  should  be  allowed  to 
take  suitable  employment,  it  is  found  very  difficult  to 
enforce  attendance  at  school  alter  that  age. 

4.  This  board  respectfully  suggests  that  the  powers 
of  school  boards  to  grant  total  or  partial  exemption  from 
school  attendance  should  bo  more  fully  defined. 

5.  This  board  considers  that  it  would  improve  the 
well-being  of  children,  and  aid  the  cause  of  education, 
if  children  were  more  fully  protected  by  law  from  ill- 
treatment  or  cruelty  such  as  being  wilfully  kept  without 
proper  clothing,  or  shut  up  and  left  within  doors,  or 
otherwise  wilfully  and  habitually  neglected;  the  pro- 
visions of  the  present  Education  Acts  being  altogethei' 
inadequate  to  meet  such  cases. 

6.  The  work  of  elementary  education  is,  in  the  opinion 
of  this  board,  hindered  and  made  more  difficult  by  the 
continued  existence  of  uncertified  elementary  schools, 
which  the  Ijoard  have  good  reason  to  believe  arc  made 
use  of  to  a  large  extent  for  the  purpose  of  evading  the 
strict  requirements  of  the  law  in  the  mattei'  of 
punctuality  and  rcgnlaiity  of  attondance. 

And,  moreover,  as  at  present  there  are  no  means 
provided  by  law  of  testing  the  standard  of  such  educa- 
tion, this  board  considers  it  a  matter  of  immediate 
and  primary  importance  that  some  plan  should  be 
devised  for  placing  all  such  schools  under  Government 
inspection. 

7.  This  board  is  of  opinion  that  parents,  who  arc  not 
paupers,  and  who  have  occasion  to  seek  lemission  of 
school  fees,  should  not  be  called  upon  to  attend  before 
the  boards  of  guardians  for  that  purpose,  and  this  board 
would  suggest  that  an  alteration  should  be  made  in  the 
law  with  the  view  of  obviating  this  necessity. 

At  the  same  time,  it  might  be  mentioned  that  pauper 
children,  to  whom  relief  is  given  on  condition  that 
they  attend  school,  are  found  to  be  most  regular  in 
attendance. 


XL. 
Essex  Diocesan  Boahd  of  Euucation. 

We  respectfullv  beg  to  call  the  attention  of  the  Royal 
Commission  to  the  unequal  result  of  the  rule  under 
which  the  Government  g''ant  to  schools  is  made  to 
depend  upon  the  number  of  children  in  average 
attendance. 

We  respectfully  submit  that  in  the  apportionment 
of  this  grant. — made  to  assist  in  carrying  out  the  law 
that  all  children  throughout  the  country  are  to  be 
educated — account  ought  to  be  taken  of  the  necessary 
cost  of  the  school  staff,  as  between  large  and  small 
schools. 

Small  schools  labour  under  special  difficulties  which 
might  well  deserve  consideration  and  recognition  in 
the  apportionment  of  the  grant. 

The  necessary  cost  of  teachers  in  small  schools  is 
quite  out  of  proportion  to  the  number  taught :  for  the 
larger  number  of  children  there  arc  in  a  school,  the 
more  there  will  be  of  about  the  same  age  and  attain- 
ments, who  may  thus  be  classed  under  one  teacher ; 
hence,  though  the  large  school  will  pay  higher  salaries 
to  its  teachers  than  the  small  one,  the  cost,  in  propor- 
tion to  the  number  of  children,  will  continually  decrease 
as  the  number  increases. 

Any  one  acquainted  with  schools,  may  at  once  satisfy 
himself  of  this  by  drawing  out  a  table  of  teachers,  and 
their  salaries,  required  foi-  schools  of  various  sizes, 
supposing  that  each  school  is  provided  with  a  staff 
sufficient  for  the  attainment  of  like  results. 

We  may  compare  thus  a  mixed  school,  say,  of  40 
children,  (boys,  girls,  and  infants,)  with  one  of  400 
(boys,  girls,  or  infants).  The  first  will  require,  besides 
the  mistress,  a  pu|)il  teacher  and  a  monitcr  ;  this  is 
more  than  is  usually  supplied,  but  less  th;in  is  necessary 
to  put  it  on  an  equality,  as  to  the  power  of  efficiently 
teaching,  and  so  of  earning  the  gi-ant,  with  a  well- 
equipped  large  school. 

In  the  small  school  the  infants  need  some  one  to  look 
after  them,  and  the  other  (children  arranged  iu  five  or 
six  standards — the  girls  at  times  doing  needlework — 
cannot  be  properly  attended  to  without  two  teachers . 


Let  the  salaries  be  661.,  16i.,  and  HI.  making  86/. 
altogether,  that  is  21.  28.  6d.  per  child. 

In  the  school  of  400  children  let  there  bo  a  head 
mistress  at  150^,  an  assistant  certificated  mistress  at 
70J.,  three  assistants  at  461.  each,  and  four  pupil  teachers 
at  17/.  lOs.  each.  The  whole  cost  will  then  be  426i. 
being  11.  Is.  '.id.  |)or  child,  exactly  half  what  the  small 
school  has  to  pay. 

'I'he  cost  of  teaclpcrs  is  thus  only  five  times  as  much 
in  the  one  school  as  in  the  other,  while  the  Government 
grant;  Kupijosing  both  to  do  equally  well  iu  the  examina- 
tion, will  be  more  than  10  times  as  much;  "more," 
because  the  small  mixed  school  will  lose  on  its  infants, 
the  infants  in  a  separate  department  earning  2*.  per 
head  more  (fixed  grant)  than  if  they  only  formed  part 
of  a  mixed  school. 

^  There  may  be  difi'erence  of  opinion  as  to  what 
should  bo  the  proper  stall',  and  the  salaries  to  be  paid  to 
such  staff;  but  any  ai-rangement,  which  provides  equal 
teaching  power  for  each  school,  will  show  similar 
results  to  those  above  sot  forth. 

This  inequality  is  recognised  in  the  Education  Act, 
1870,  sec.  III.,  but  the  remedy  therein  provided  iu 
practice  leaves  the  grievance  and  burden  untouched  in 
the  majority  of  cases. 

We  do  not  venture  to  suggest  what  change  should  be 
made  in  the  mode  of  apportioning  the  grant ;  we  can- 
not however  doubt  that,  when  the  subject  is  brought 
under  the  notice  of  your  Royal  Commission,  they  will 
find  means  of  removing  the  manifest  unfairness  of  the 
present  arrangement. 


XLI. 

BOHOUGH    OF  AcCfllNGTON. 

The  school  attendance  committee  of  this  borough 
desire  respectfully  to  caU  the  attention  of  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Elementary  Education  to  the  great 
iniportance  of  empowering  school  attendance  com- 
mittees of  municipal  corporations  to  give  school  fees  in 
non-pauper  eases  within  their  jurisdiction,  either  from 
the  poor  rates  made  in  the  borough,  or  the  borough 
fund.  The  officers  of  such  committees  have  necessarily 
r.o  iiuiuire  into  and  become  familiar  with  the  circum- 
stances of  parents  who  are  unable  by  reason  of  poverty 
to  pay  the  ordinary  fees,  and  are  in  a  better  position 
to  form  an  opinion  as  to  where  such  fees  ought  to  be 
granted  than  relieving  officers,  whose  duties  bring  them 
more  immediately  in  contact  with  ordinaiy  paupers, 
and  if  school  attendance  committees  of  corporations 
were  empowered  to  grant  such  fees,  only  one  inquiry 
would  be  needed,  and  such  parents  would  not  be  under 
the  necessity  of  also  going  before  relieving  officers  for 
a  further  investigation  of  their  cases,  nor  before  the 
guardians  to  obtain  a  gi-ant  of  the  fees. 

The  present  system  is  a  double  one  without  any 
saving  of  expense,  and  imposes  upon  those  parents  who 
are  unable  to  pay  school  fees,  the  disagreeable  necessity 
of  making  application  to  relieving  officers  and  the 
guardians^  for  school  pence,  and  the  odium  of  being 
considered  on  the  same  footing  as  ordinary  paupers. 

Under  these  circumstances,  the  school  attendance 
committee  of  this  borough  respectfully  suggest,  that 
the  Education  Acts  should  be  amended  so  as  to  give 
school  attendance  committees  of  municipal  corporations 
the  power  of  granting  school  fees  in  non-pauper  cases. 


XLII. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Dakukgton  Scuooii  BoAsn. 

Shewetu, 

That  your  memorialists  are  the  school  board  for 
the  borough  of  Darlington. 

That  the  "iSth  section  of  the  Education  Act,  1870, 
was  repealed  by  the  10th  section  of  the  Education 
Amendment  Act,  1876'. 

Whereby  hardship  and  degradation  are  inflicted  on 
honest  [joor  parents  who  arc  unable  to  pay  the  school 
fees  for  their  children  attending  voluntary  schools,  by 
forcing  them  to  apjjcar  before  the  l)oard  of  guardians 
in  order  to  obtain  payment. 

That  they  are  in  fact,  though  not  in  name,  rendered 
paupers  by  this  proceeding,  and  are  frequently  so 
regarded  and  spoken  of  by  their  neighbo'.ii-s ;  whilst 
this  is  rendered  still  more  galling  by  the  fact,  that  the 
parents  of  children  attending  the  board  scbools  are  act 
subjected  to  the  same  ordeal. 


4S2< 


kLementary  education  acts  commission  : 


Your  memorialists  therefore  pray,  that  the  educa- 
tional authority  in  each  locality  be  entrusted  with  the 
power  of  paying  from  the  rates  the  school  fees  of 
children  attending  the  schools  within  its  own  districts 
in  cases  where  the  parents  are  unable  to  pay,  and  that 
the  parents  be  not  required  to  appear  before  the  board 
of  guardians  for  this  purpose,  or  to  be  visited  by  the 
relieving  officer. 


XLIII. 
Prom  the  OhIbj  Consiable  of  Chbstek. 

I  venture  to  send  you  a  copy  of  a  return  I  made  about 
12  months  ago.  I  had  often  spoken  of  what  I  thought 
was  the  rather  harsh  application  of  the  law  here,  and 
the  return  certainly  supported  my  view.  I  now  enclose 
it  to  you  as  Chairman  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  the 
Education  Acts,  not  for  the  purpose  of  reflecting  upon 
my  own  borough  or  the  school  attendance  committee  in 
any  way,  but  rather  as  my  idea  of  applying  a  test  to  the 
action  of  the  various  school  attendance  committees. 
The  return  shows  that  there  is  (or  was)  a  startling  want 
of  uniformity  in  the  methods  of  procedure. 

I  have  paid  much  attention  to  the  working  of  the 
compulsory  clauses,  and  am  of  opinion  that  the  practice 
(if  not  the  law)  ought  certainly  to  be  modified. 

1 .  The  practice  of  refeiTing  those  unable  to  pay  the 
fees  to  the  poor  law  authorities  is  clumsy  and  ropollant 
to  the  working  man.  He  would  rather  run  i,he  risk  of 
being  fined  than  "face  the  board."  It  destroys  his 
self-respect,  esjiecially  among  his  fellow-workmen. 
Why  not  allow  the  education  committee  tn  pay  the  fees 
from  the  borough  fund  in  such  cases  ?  they  have  special 
means  of  knowing  the  merits  of  each  case. 

2.  Children  Ijetwcen  five  and  seven  ouglit  not  to  be 
expected  to  make  full  attendwucs,  especially  in  winter. 
Very  many  little  lives  must  be  sacrificed  in  this  way  at 
present.  I  think  50  per  cent,  of  possible  attendances  in 
winter  and  65  or  70  in  sum'ner,  would  meet  the  case. 
Sending  children  to  school  is  not  necessarily  education. 
I  have  often  thought  it  rather  the  reverse  when  I  have 
seen  badly-clad,  half-shod  little  children,  little  more 
than  infants,  shivering  about  the  school  entrances  on  a 
cold,  wet  winter  morniug. 

3.  A  sliding  scale  of  attendances  regulated  by  the  age 
of  the  child  and  by  the  standnrds  which  it  has  passed, 
would  greatly  ease  the  application  of  the  byelaws.  It 
is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that  some  children  will  learn 
as  much  in  one  day  as  "others  will  in  six.  Why  then 
.should  the  bright,  precocious  child,  who  can  easily  pass 
the  standards,  be  expected  to  makn  tlie  same  attendances 
as  the  dull  and  stupid  '■! 

4.  Another  point,  ))erhaps  more  in  my  way,  i.s  that 
when  a  parent  is  fined,  it  ought  to  be  made  clear  to  him 
then  and  there  what  he  has  got  to  pay.  Magistrates  as 
a  rule  probably  sufjpose  when  they  fine  a  parent  (say) 
"  6d.,  and  !».  costs,"  that  such  a  fine  means  Is.  6d!.  and 
no  more.  In  practice,  it  is  ver-y  different.  A  distress 
warrant  follows  (in  ftl)  cases  in  100,  a  mere  matter  of 
form)  \s.  6cZ.  more  ;  then  a  wanant  to  commit,  S.s-. ;  and 
if  the  parent  should  reach  gaol  before  the  money  can  bo 
raised  for  him,  6».  more  for  his  conveyance  to  prison, 
making  12s.  in  all,  instead  of  1«.  6(i.  What  this  means 
will  be  better  understood  when  it  is  borne  in  mind  that 
a  parent  with  four  schoolage  children  may,  owing  to 
poverty,  want  of  fees,  want  of  money  for  shoes,  or  (as  is 
very  often  the  case)  having  a  neglectful  wife,  be  fined 
for  different  children  six  or  eight  or  more  times  in  the 
year.  No  wonder  that  the  Elementary  Education  Acts 
are  so  unpopular. 

(Enclosure.) 

8CH00L  ATTENDANCE  CASES. 

Taking  boroughs  having  between  35,000  and  45,000 
inhabitants,  the  numbers  of  persons  summoned 
before  the  magistrates  last  year  (1883)  were : — 


Borough. 

Population. 

Gases. 

Per  1,0()0 
Popultttion. 

1.  Aflhton-undor-Lyne     - 

37.027 

12 

■82 

2.  Onrlisle 

35,86« 

6S 

1-81 

3.  Cambridge 

36,372 

89 

1-96 

4.  MaccleHfield 

37,514 

7« 

2-0£ 

S.  Lincoln  - 

87,81! 

76 

2 -OS 

. . ,. 

Borough. 

Population. 

Cases. 

Per  1,000 
Population. 

(1.  Oilord 

36,92a 

101 

2-81 

7.  Reading 

42,051 

186 

3-84 

8.  Newport,  Moii.     - 

86,000 

173 

4-80 

».  Coventry 

42,111 

227 

6-39 

10.  Tynemouth 

42,121 

289 

8-30 

11.  Warrington 

41,400 

383 

9-23 

12.  Chester       - 

30.756 

717 

lfl'50 

Taking  a  few  of  the  larger  boroughs  in  the 
same  way : — 


1.  Locils       - 

3l6,i)9S 

1.172 

3'7U 

2.  Birmiiijrlmm 

407,000 

2,011 

4-9S 

3.  Manchester 

S^I.-'jOS 

1,68(1 

4'93 

4.  Bristol 

206,603 

1,146 

5-54 

XLIV. 

The  Memohiai  of  the  Councii,  of  the  Society  for 
Utilizing  the  Welsh  Language. 

1.  This  question  is,  whether  the  use  of  the  English 
Code  unmodified  shall  be  continued  in  districts  where 
the  English  language  is  not  that  of  the  people,  or  shall 
be  modified,  as  has  been  already  done  in  Scotland  and 
in  Ireland,  in  such  a  way  as  to  admit  of  the  systematic 
use  of  the  native  language  in  assisting  the  work  of 
education  P 

2.  Will  you  permit  us  to  say  at  the  outset  that  nothing 
is  further  from  our  intention  or  wishes  than  to  hinder 
the  spread  of  a  knowledge  of  English  among  the  Welsh 
people,  or  to  perpetuate  the  use  of  Welsh  as  their  sole 
language.  On  the  contrary,  one  of  the  express  objects 
of  this  Society  is  to  secure  the  more  thorough  acquire- 
ment of  English  by  the  children  in  all  parts  of  Wales. 

3.  We  do  not,  however,  consider  the  system  at  present 
maintained  to  be  by  any  means  that  best  adapted  to 
ensure  this  end. 

4.  Trima  facie  it  might  appear  that  the  application  of 
a  code  of  instruction  drawn  up  for  the  requirements  of 
English-speaking  children,  to  the  education  of  pupils  to 
whom  that  language  is  a  foreign  tongue,  stands  in  need 
of  defence. 

5.  In  actual  practice,  however,  the  teachers  themselves 
have  of  necessity  modified  the  operation  of  the  system 
to  a  certain  degree,  introducing  of  their  own  initiative 
Welsh  explanations  to  supplement  the  authorised 
English  instruction,  which  would  be  otherwise  un- 
intelligible to  most  of  the  pupils  ;  and  this  modification 
has  lately  obtained,  to  some  extent,  recognition  from 
the  Department  (in  footnote  2,  appended  to  Schedule  II. 
of  the  Code  now  in  force). 

6.  Under  those  circumstances  the  people  of  Wales 
acquiesced  until  recently  in  the  continuance  of  the 
present  system;  believing,  as  many,  especially  in  the 
more  purely  Welsh-spoken  districts  still  do,  the  entire 
exclusion  of  Welsh  from  the  schools  to  bo  a  sure  means 
of  bringing  up  their  children  in  a  knowledge  of  English, 
which  is  an  object  earnestly  desired  by  every  Welsh 
parent. 

7.  For  the  last  half  century,  moreover,  it  has  been 
popularly  believed  both  in  Wales  and  in  England  that 
the  use  of  the  Welsh  language  was,  from  various  causes, 
rapidly  diminishing,  and  that,  in  fact,  nothing  more 
than  a  thorough  system  of  English  schools  was  needed 
to  displace  it  altogether  as  the  medium  of  general 
intercourse  among  the  rising  generation. 

8.  Recent  observation  has,  however,  shown  that  this 
belief  is  not  borne  out  by  facts.  The  Reports  of  the 
Society  of  Cymmrodorion,  the  series  of  papers  published 
by  Mr.  Dan  Isaac  Davies,  Her  Majesty'.s  Sub-Inspector 
of  Schools,  and  other  miscellaneous  communications 
which  have  of  late  appeared  in  the  public  press,  tend  to 
show  that  in  very  few  parts  of  Wales  is  the  "Welsh- 
speaking  area"  at  the  present  day  rapidly  diminish- 
ing. In  many  its  limits  are  stationary,  and  in  some  it 
is  actually  encroaching  on  the  "  English  "  territory. 

9.  The  maintenance  of  the  Welsh  language  is  no  part 
of  this  Society's  objects,  and  we  allude  to  these  state- 
ments merely  to  show  that  the  present  system  of  edu- 
cation is  tit  any  rate  not  conducing,  as  was  expected 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL    l{Y;i'OKT. 


m 


from  it,  to  the  speedy  roplaooment  of  Welsh  by  English 
as  the  language  of  the  people. 

10.  Bat  we  must  now  go  farther,  and  ask  the  atten- 
tion of  yonr  honourable  Commission  to  the  failure  of 
the  present  system  (which  is  alleged  in  the  papers  and 
documents  above  alluded  to),  ovon  to  render  the  rising 
generation  in  Welsh-speokiag  districts  bilingual. 

11.  The  high  average  of  giants  and  ])er-centage  of 
passes  attained  by  school  children  in  Wales  since  the 
passing  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act  contributed 
to  strengthen  the  general  impression  which  existed  that 
the  chief  object  aimed  at  by  the  schools  was  being  at- 
tained, and  the  children  were  generally  acquiring  a 
a  competent  knowledge  of  the  English  tongue. 

12.  The  satisfaction  of  the  country  at  this  result 
seems  to  have  been  premature  It  would  appear  that 
the  "English  "  lessons  in  Welsh-speaking  districts  are 
of  far  less  profit  than  has  been  complacently  assumed, 
and  that  even  when,  as  in  many  cases,  they  seem  to  be 
glibly  learned,  tLey  are  to  a  great  extent  acquired 
merely  by  rote,  in  a  parrot-like  fashion,  without  real 
comprehension  of  their  meaning;  so  that,  in  efVect,  the 
child  who  at  the  age  of  thirteen  leaves  school,  possessed 
as  far  as  the  official  tests  can  certify,  of  a  very  lair 
knowledge  of  "  English,"  is  found  a  few  years  later  to 
be  unable  to  read  a  simple  book,  or  to  hold  an  ordinaiy 
conversation  in  that  language. 

13  There  appears  to  be  no  doubt  that  in  spite  of  the 
admittedly  excellent  conduct  of  Welsh  elementary 
schools,  extensive  districts  arc  still  to  be  found  in  Wales 
in  which  a  knowledge  of  English  is  an  exceptional 
accomplishment,  even  in  the  young. 

14.  Nor  is  this  the  only  drawback  of  the  present 
system.  As  English  alone  is  tanght  in  the  day  schools, 
the  Welsh  child  who  fails  to  master  that  language 
remains  practically  uneducated,  and  gains  little  or  no 
advantage  from  attendance  at  school.  There  are,  in 
short,  a  multitude  of  Welsh  youths  who,  in  spite  of  the 
elaborate  and  expensive  mar)\inery  of  the  day  schools, 
would  enter  into  life  almost  without  education  but  for 
the  operation  of  another  institution,  the  Welsh  Sunday 
School. 

15.  H^re,  either  in  childhood,  or,  as  is  frequently  the 
case,  in  later  life,  they  repair  to  be  taught  by  voluntary 
and  unskilled  agency  to  read  their  native'  language  as 
a  preliminary  to  the  religious  instruction  which  is 
conveyed  by  the  school.  By  this  means,  and  by  their 
own  exertions,  they  are  often  able  to  atoaiu  to  a  certain 
level  of  culture,  though  still  ignorant  of  English,  and 
owing  little  to  the  rate-supported  institution. 

16.  And  even  in  the  case  of  the  children  who  succeed 
in  acquiring  a  foundation  of  knowledge  of  the  English 
language  in  the  day  schools,  this  result  is  accomplished 
at  a  distinct  disadvantage,  the  work  of  instructing  in 
English  being  made  more  difficult  than  it  need  be  by 
ihe  lack  of  any  systematic  method  of  using  the  known 
language  in  explanation  of  the  lessons  given  in  what  is 
practically  a  foreign  tongue. 

17.  Furthermore,  wo  are  of  opinion,  and  are  sup- 
ported in  this  by  very  many  practical  teachers,  that 
the  knowledge  which  the  children  possess  of  the  Welsh 
language,  and  which  is  now  altogether  thrown  away  in 
public  education,  might,  under  better  circumstances,  be 
utilized  tn  considerable  profit  as  a  means  of  ti-ainiug 
their  intelligence. 

18.  WTiat  we  desire  respectfully  to  propose  in  order 
to  remedy  these  existing  defects  is: — formally  to  join 
to  the  present  official  system  of  education  those  methods 
which  the  practical  sense  of  teachers  has  shown  them 
to  bo  beneficial  in  the  instruction  of  N'l'elsh  children ;  to 
allow  that  to  be  undertaken  in  a  complete  and  syste- 
matic manner,  which  at  present  is  done  haphazanf  and 
by  individual  initiative ;  t<j  permit  the  reading  and 
writing  of  the  Welsh  hiuguage  to  be  taught  side  by  side 
with  that  of  English  ;  and  the  children's  parallel  know- 
ledge of  the  two  languages  to  be  utilized  as  a  means  of 
mental  discipline. 

19.  The  feasibility  of  these  proposals  rests  in  the 
strictly  phonetic  character  of  the  Welsh  language; 
owing  to  which  a  Welsh  child  of  ordinary  intelligence 
can  be  taught  to  read  his  native  tongue  in  one  tenth  of 
the  time  required  to  teach  English  reading. 

20.  The  extra  labour,  therefore,  involved  by  our 
proposals  would  be  comparatively  slight,  and  would, 
moreover,  as  we  think,  be  amply  recouped  by  the 
improved  intelligence  and  system  which  would  thus  be 
brought  to  bew  on  the  English  instruction. 

21.  It  is  not  contemplated  by  the  Society  to  make 
Welsh  the  general  language  of  mstruction,  or  to  relax 
the  obligation  laid  upon  the  scholars,  whenever  practi- 
cable, tiO  speak  only  English  during  school  hours.    We 


fully  recognize  that  the  enforcement  of  such  a  rule, 
whether  in  relation  to  English,  or  to  any  other  lan- 
guage, is  one  of  the  most  efficacious  means  of  imparting 
a  familiarity  in  the  use  of  a  foreign  tongue. 

22.  Nor  is  any  compulsory  regulation  aimed  at  by. 
this  Society.  It  is  our  wish  that  the  new  system  should 
be  adopted  gradually  and  experimentally,  and  that  it 
should  he,  for  the  present  at  least,  at  the  option  of  thf: 
managers  of  any  school  lo  accept  or  reject  the  whole  or 
any  pare. 

23.  The  [iroposals  of  the  Society,  drawn  out  in  detail, 
are  placed  as  an  appendix  to  this  memorial. 

24.  The  advantages  which  we  anticipate  from  the 
adoption  of  the  proposed  modifications  in  the  Code  are 
briefly  these : — 

a.  Wo  believe  that  English  will  be  more  generally 
and  more  soundly  acquired  than  at  present. 

6.  We  hold  that  even  in  cases  where  English  is  not 
successfully  acquired,  or  is  subsequently  lost, 
the  pupil  will  have  gained  something  of  value 
from  his  school  attendance,  being  at  least  able  to 
read  and  wT-ite  in  Welsh. 

c.  We  are  of  opinion  that  the  habitual  practice,  which 

the  new  system  would  involve,  of  comparing  the 
words,  idioms,  and  phrases  of  one  language  with 
those  of  another,  will  tend  powerfully  to  awaken 
the  intelligence  of  the  children,  and  to  place 
them  in  a  favom-able  po'iition  for  the  acquisition 
of  other  subjects  of  learning. 

d.  We    consider  that    the    present    practice    is   not 

wholly  free  from  the  risk  of  damage  to  the 
morale  of  school  children.  It  is,  we  think,  not 
an  unfounded  apprehension  that  a  certain  loss  of 
self-confidence  and  self-respect  is  often  the  result 
of  sending  children  to  schools  where  they  find 
the  language  in  which  the  associations  of  home 
and  religion  are  boun  1  up  treated  with  neglect 
and  apparent  contempt.  This  undesirable  result 
the  proposed  modifications  would  clfectually 
avert. 

25.  The  views  of  this  memorial  are  by  no  means  new, 
or  limited  to  thi^  members  of  this  Society  ;  but  the 
extent  to  which  they  pievailed  in  Wales  among  those 
personally  conversant  with  the  working  of  the  Ele- 
mentary Education  Acts  was  scarcely  suspected  until 
the  inquiry  made  by  the  Society  of  Cymmrodorion  in 
the  years  188-1  and  1885.  That  Society,  we  are  informed, 
has  already  presented  copies  of  its  Reports  on  this 
subject  to  the  members  of  your  honourable  Commission. 
It  is  therefoie  needless  for  us  to  recapitulate  in  detail 
their  contents,  which,  in  brief,  show  not  only  that  our 
views  prevail  largely  among  official  inspectors  and 
members  of  school  boards,  but  also  that  they  are  shared 
by  a  large  proportion  of  elementary  school  teachers,  a 
considerable  majority  of  whom  pronounced  in  favour 
of  the  particular  point  upon  which  their  opinion  was 
invited  hy  the  Society  of  Cymmi-odorion,  namely,  the 
introduction  of  Welsh  as  a  "  specific  subject." 

26.  At  the  time  when  this  inc|uiry  was  instituted  the 
((uestion  had  hardly  been  made  the  subject  of  public 
discussion,  and  the  replies  on  which  the  reports  were 
founded  repiesent  for  the  most  part  the  independent 
spontaneously  formed  opinion  of  those  who  gave  them. 
It  should  be  noticed  also  that  some  of  the  head  teachers 
who  replied  in  the  negative  to  the  Cymmrodorion 
inquu-y  did  so  on  the  ground  that  the  proposal  did  not 
go  far  enough,  and  that  taken  alone  it  would  not  benefit 
the  children  in  schools  in  rural  Welsh  Wales  ;  and  we 
may  add  that  nuiny  of  those  who  then  repl!»d  iu  the 
negative  have  since  joined  the  ranks  of  this  Society. 

27.  The  Society  which  wo  represent  is  the  direct 
outcome  of  the  Cymmrodorion  inquiry  ;  its  foundation 
having  been  decided  on  in  the  public  meeting  held  in 
Aberdarc  on  the  27th  of  August  last,  at  which  the 
second  Cymmodorion  Keport  was  presented. 

28.  The  I'onnation  of  our  association  being  so  recent, 
and  having  ])reccdeil  by  so  few  months  the  appointment 
of  your  honourable  Commission,  we  have  to  make 
excuse  for  the  incomplete  and  somewhat  hurried 
mam  el-  in  which  we  are  compelled  to  place  our  case 
before  you. 

29.  Notwithstanding,  however,  that  we  have  not  as 
yet  had  time  to  ascertain  and  organize,  as  we  propose 
to  do,  the  opinion  of  the  whole  country  upon  this 
subject.  t!jc  practical  unanimity  with  which  the  pro- 
posals wr  advocate  have  been  received,  not  only  by  the 
Aberdaru  meeting,  hut  by  every  succeeding  public 
meeting  heUl  to  discuss  the  subject,  will,  we  veninre  to 
think,  be  sufficient  justification  for  our  earnest  request 
to  your  honourable  ('ommisaion  not  to  overlook  in  the 


434 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION  : 


course  (■(■  its  iiiqniricB  a  ijuestioii  bo  iniportaiil  lo  the 
welfare  of  the  Welsh  jicople. 

30  We  may  iid'l  that  one  part  of  our  pro))OHal,  namely, 
the  introduction  of  the  Welsh  language  as  a  "  specific 
subject,"  as  suggested  by  the  Society  ef  Cymmrodorion 
has  already  received  the  ajiprobation  of  the  Education 
Department.  We  should,  however,  deeply  deplore  the 
restriction  of  concession  to  Wel>h  needs  to  the  intro- 
duction of  the  specific  subject  oiily,  as  from  the  nature 
of  the  mnjority  of  schools  in  Wales  this  concession 
alone  can  benefit  but  comparativel}-  few.  We  are  glad, 
therefore,  to  find  that  the  principle  of  our  proposals  has 
been  approved  by  experienced  heads  and  ofiicials  of  the 
Education  Department,  and  that  it  has  been  thoroughly 
admitted  in  the  later  revisions  of  the  Scotch  and  Irish 
Code?. 


XLV. 


The  Rev.  Tho.mas  Briscoe,  Incumbent  of  Holyhead, 
Chancellor  of  Bangor  Cathedral. 

I  beg  leave  to  submit  to  your  consideration  a  few 
renjarks  on  1st,  Class  Svhjects;  2nd,  The  17s.  6(1  Limit 
of  Grants;  3rd,  Teach mr/  Welsh. 

1st,  Clots  Subjects. — I  think  that  the  selection  of 
them  ought  to  be  left  to  the  managers  and  teachers. 
Requiring  "English"  (including  grammar)  seems  to 
me  a  great  mistake.  It  is  perfect  misery  to  the 
children  and  the  teachers ;  is  thoroughly  unintelligible 
(so  far  as  grammar  is  concerned)  to  the  children,  and 
they  do  not  seem  to  themselves  to  have  learnt  anything 
after  cramming  their  heads  with  its  technicalities,  and 
as  soon  as  they  are  rid  of  it  it  is  foi-gotten  and  nevei' 
applied.  In  the  "Times  "  of  5th  April  1882  I  find  the 
following,  with  which  1  fully  agree,  viz.,  "  If  education 
"  is  to  succeed,  if  it  is  really  to  hold  the  masses,  it  is 
"  essential  that  the  children  should  loam  to  like  their 
"  lessons.  For  this  it  is  desirable  that  they  should  be 
"  troubled  with  as  few  technicalities  as  possible,  and 
"  that  their  minds  should  be  brought  in  contact  with 
"  reality.  History  does  this ;  so  does  geography  when 
"  properly  taught,  though  not  when  it  means  strings 
"  of  names  and  figures;  jioetry  does  it,  for  a  child  is 
"  quick  to  appreciate  the  truth  of  feeling  and  to  love' 
"  the  accurate  rhythm  of  a  good  poem.  Science, 
"  again,  does  it,  but  grammar  does  not;  and,  there- 
"  fore,  though  a  few  grammatical  ]jrinci])les  may  be 
"  admitted  to  be  a  necessary  subject,  the  less  time  that 
"  is  taken  from  other  subjects  and  givei'  to  grammar 
"  the  better  for  the  pujiil  and  for  the  school." 

2nd,  The  17s.  6d.  Limit  of  Grants.— The  Act  of 
Parliament  so  limiting  them  was  passed  before  merit 
grants  were  established,  and  therefore  could  not  have 
contemplated  them.  By  reason  of  it  our  national 
school  nad  deducted  from  its  payment  by  the  Com- 
mittee of  Council,  &c.  in  1882,  bl.  2e.  6d.,  in  1883, 
13Z.  10s.  M.,  in  1884,  261.  3«.  11<7.,  in  1886,  251!.  5s.  Od., 
which  seemed  to  us  a  mulct  for  doing  "excellently," 
and  would  have  embarrassed  our  funds  seriously  but  for 
a  subscription  of  40/.  per  annum,  which  has  been  dis- 
continued. It  is  a  great  discouragement  to  exertion, 
and  but  for  the  strong  rivalry  between  the  difierent 
schools  here  we  should  limit  uui-  earnings  and  work 
to  suit  the  giant  likely  to  be  paid.  My  girls  got 
"excellent"  every  year,  and  the  l)oys  also  in  1885. 
The  "  limit"  ought  to  apply  only  to  the  state  of  things 
contemjilated  by  the  Act  of  Parliament. 

3rd,  Teaching  Welsh.- — I  am  strongly  opposed  to  it. 
It  would  be  a  useless  acquirement.  The  '  •  bilingual 
difficulty  "  does  not  exist  for  ordinary  teaching,  but  to 
require  the  children  here  to  compose  in  another  tongue 
than  their  own  is  very  unreasonable,  or  even  in  their 
own. 


XLVI. 


Memorial  of  the  Committee  for  securing  Open  Spaces 
for  Recreation  in  Manchester. 

RESPECTPULIiY  shewetu. 

That  your  memorialists,  having  for  several  yeai-s 
been  associated  together  as  a  society  in  connexion  with 
the  Manchester  and  Salford  Sanitary  Association  for 
the  purpose  of  procuinug  the  means  of  wholesome 
phvsical  recreation  for  the  young,  believe  that, 
although  public  opinion  is  continually  strengthening 
in  support  of  the  objects  which  tUoy  have  in  view,  it 


is  uut  vet  luily  awakened  to  the  vital  importance  of 
physical  training  for  the  youth  of  our  largo  towns. 

They  believe  that  it  would  greatly  aid  in  directing 
public  attention  to  the  question,  would  [jrcpare  the 
way  for  needful  legislation,  and  lead  to  a  much  fuller 
utilization  of  the  existing  provision  for  physical  training 
and  exercise  in  our  large  towns  if  that  provision  were 
made  the  subject  of  special  iiujuirj'  by  a  Royal  Commis- 
sion. They  consider  that  a  complete  inquiry  would 
necessarily  emljiace  the  following  points  :  — 

1.  Evidence  as  to  the  degree  in  which  bodily  health 

and  vigour  have  declined  in  urban  populations. 
This  might  be  given  by  medical  men  attached  to 
large  hospitals,  and  by  those  who  pass  largo 
numbers  of  children  as  "  half-timers  "  to  woik  in 
factories. 

2.  Evidence  as  to  the  effect  of  the  inadequate  pro- 

vision of  open  spaces  in  causing  offences  against 
good  order  in  the  streets,  such  as  "  cornering  " 
and  obstruction,  stone-throwing,  and  gambling. 
City  magistrates  and  chief  constables  could  supply 
this  evidence. 

3.  Evidence  as  to  difficulty  exjierienced  in  obtaining, 

at  any  reasonable  price,  suitable  open  spaces  for 
recreation  in  the  densely  jiopulated  districts  of 
our  towns,  with  suggestions  for  the  grant  of 
further  powers  to  pnldic  bodies  for  the  purchase 
of  land  for  this  purpose.  Town  clerks  or  chair- 
men of  park  committees  could  speak  to  this 
point. 

4.  Evidence  as  to  good  physical,  mental,  and  moral 

results  of  physical  training  in  elementary  and 
other  schools,  of  gymnasia  under  trained  in- 
structors, and  of  well-furnished  playgrounds 
under  proper  supervision.  In  the  case  of  Man- 
chester, this  could  be  given  by  members  of  the 
school  board  and  by  your  memoi'ialists.  Similar 
evidence  would  be  offei'ed  from  London  and 
Liverpool. 

As  your  memorialists  believe  that  the  young  people 
in  large  towns  will  not  get  good  physical  training  after 
leaving  school,  unless  such  training  is  given  in  all 
elemeutaiy  schools,  they  consider  that  it  is  most  desi- 
rable that  the  suggested  inquiry  should  be  undertaken, 
either  wholly  or  in  part,  by  the  Royal  Commission, 
whoso  members  they  have  the  honour  of  addressing. 
Should  the  time  at  its  disposal  not  permit  it  to  under- 
take the  whole  of  the  inquiry,  your  memorialists  trust 
that  they  may  be  allowed  to  bi'iug  evidence  belbre  the 
Royal  Commission  respecting  the  following  points, 
viz.  : — 

That  the  giving  of  good  physica-i  training  in  schools 
has  a  good  (iffect  not  only  on  jAysical  vigour  and  health 
but  also  on  mental  vigour,  and  should  be  made  a  part  of 
the  cuiTiculum  of  all  elementary  schools. 

That  some  kinds  of  physical  training  can  be  intro- 
duced into  all  elementary  schools  without  interferin<' 
with  the  ordinary  routine  of  school  work. 

That,  on  tlic  other  hand,  the  managei'S  of  many 
schools,  especially  schools  which  are  not  under  school 
boards,  cannot:  at  present  give  some  of  the  most  useful 
kinds  of  physical  training,  and  that  it  is  of  great  impor- 
tance that  they  should  be  enabled  to  do  so. 

That  the  playgrounds  of  many  elementary  schools 
might  be,  and  ought  to  be,  made  available  out  of  school 
hours  for  the  children  of  the  districts  in  which  they  are 
situated. 

Your  memorialists  therefore  pray  that  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Education  will  take  evidence  of  the  kind 
suggested  as  to  the  need  of  better  means  for  physical 
training  and  recreation  in  towns,  or,  at  all  events,  of 
its  being  necessary  and  practicable  in  connexion  with 
elementary  schools. 


XLVII. 


The  Rev.  Lb  M.  Williams,  the  Vicarage,  Pontlottvn, 
Cardiff.  ' 

Understanding  that  a  Royal  Commission  is  at  present 
sitting  on  the  subject  of  Elementary  Education,  I  beg 
respectfully  to  submit  to  its  consideration  the  following 
facts  connected  with  the  National  Schools  in  this 
parish. 

In  the  month  of  May  1880,  owing  to  insufficiency  of 
funds  to  cany  the  schools  on,  the  then  incumbent  of  the 

Sarish  of  St.  Tyfaolago  Pontlottvn,  transferred  the 
rational  Schools  in  the  town  of  Pontlottyn  to  the  Gelli- 
gaer  School  Board,  and  at  the  same  time  the  school 
buildings   were    leased    to    that    authority,   under  an 


APPENDIXKS    TO    FINAL    REPOET. 


435 


agreement  between  tlie  managers  and  the  board  for  a 
period  of  foar  years.  By  this  agreement  it  was  pro- 
vided that  the  arrangement  between  the  board  and  the 
trustees  should  coutinne  "  unless  determined  at  the  end 
"  of  the  fourth  or  any  subsequent  year  by  12  months' 
"  notice  in  writing  given  on  either  side."  At  the  end 
of  the  fifth  year,  i.e.,  on  the  11th  of  May  1885,  the 
trustees  gave  the  Gel'igaer  School  Board  a  written 
notice  stating  that  they  wished  to  terminate  the 
arrangement  at  the  end  of  12  months.  In  the  course 
of  a  few  months  a  notice  was  also  sent  to  the  Education 
Department  informing  the  Secretary  that  the  trustees 
intended  re-cpening  the  schools  "  on  a  voluntary  basis." 
In  the  meantime  the  Gelligaer  School  Board  had  for- 
warded plans  to  the  Department  of  proposed  additions 
to  their  school  accommodation  in  the  place.  These 
plans  were  rejected  and  the  Department  refused  to 
sanction  the  outlay  they  would  involve  as  it  was  con- 
sidered that  there  was  sufficient  accommodation  in  the 
town  already.  The  board  again  strongly  urged  the 
Department  to  allow  them  to  provide  the  accommoda- 
tion stated  by  them  to  be  necessary,  and  a  commnnication 
was  addressed  to  the  Department  setting  forth  that  if 
the  National  Schools  were  allowed  to  be  re-opened 
great  harm  and  injury  would  be  done  to  the  cause  of 
education  in  the  parish.  To  this  appeal  the  Depart- 
ment yielded,  and  the  trustees  received  a  letter  stating 
that  no  grant  could  be  promised  to  the  National  Schools 
until  they  were  actually  opened.  The  letter  further 
contained  an  intimation  that  in  the  opinion  of  the 
Education  Department  the  schools  would  be  unnecessary 
"  in  view  of  the  additional  accommodation  which  the 
"  board  was  about  to  provide."  The  action  of  the  Gel- 
ligaer School  Board,  which  was  sanctioned  by  the 
Education  Department,  in  providing  additional  accom- 
modation made  it  impossible  for  the  trustees  to  re-open 
the  Pontlottyn  National  Schools  with  any  prospect  of 
being  able  to  carry  them  on  successfully.  The  refusal 
of  an  ammal  grant  would  follow,  which  would  of  course 
be  fatal  to  the  schools. 

I  beg  to  say,  further,  that  the  school  accommodation 
owned  by  the  church  at  Pontlottyn  would  probably  be 
too  small  if  our  National  Schools  had  been  re-opened, 
that  the  buildings,  owing  to  the  course  adopted  by  the 
Gelligaer  School  Board,  are  used  at  present  only  for 
Sunday  School  and  Bible  teaching  purposes ;  that  the 
"  additional  accommodation "  provided  by  the  board 
cost  the  ratepayers  1,200/.;  that  fully  three  fourths  of 
the  rates  of  the  parish  are  paid  by  church  people,  who, 
in  the  first  instance,  liberally  contributed  towards  the 
National  School  accommodation  in  the  district — in 
short,  who  provided  that  accommodation ;  and  that  a 
large  and  increasing  body  of  church  people,  who  are 
an.xious  to  have  their  children  brought  up  in  schools 
where  religious  instruction  is  imparted,  is  compelled  on 
account  of  the  facts  I  have  stated  to  send  their  children 
to  schools  from  which  Bibla  readimj  even  is  rigidly 
excluded. 


XLVTII. 


I 


Resolution  of  the  "WoBCESTEKsiiiitE  Association  or 

Ghdkch  School  Managkks  and  Teacueks. 
That   no   report    of  the   Royal    Commission   would 
meet  the  just  claims  of  the  voluntary  schools  which  did 

not —  •        i     , 

1.  Recognise  the  injustice  of  the  power  given  to  the 

School  Board  to  plant  a  school  where  voluntary 
agency  would  supply  the  deficiency. 

2.  Recommend  a  more  equitable  method  of  remitting 

the  fees  to  indigent  parents  whose  children  attend 
voluntary  schools. 

3.  Recommend   the  removal   of  the   17s.   M.   limit, 

which  was  aggravated  in  its  effects  by  the  change 
in  the  drawing  gi-ant. 

4.  Recommend  the  revision  of  the  incidence  of  the 

school  rate,  with  a  view  to  the  relief  of  those 
who  already  contribute  to  the  relief  of  the 
voluntary  schools ;  and 

5.  Recognise  in  adjudging  grants  the  great  difference 

between  different  classes  of  schools. 


XLIX. 

Tho  Rev.  S.  A.  Dougiiekty,  C9,  Blackheath  Road. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  the  speech  of  Mr. 
Bourke  as  reported  in  the  "  Times  "  of  3rd  April  1886. 

"  A  great  deal  of  information  which  commercial  men 

sought  from  tho  Foreign  Office   they  could  obtain  from 

o    .i.5387.  3 


their  own  commercial  travellers  if  those  travellers 
were  competent  men.  He  knew  that  our  foreign  rom- 
mercial  travellers  were  totally  ignorant  of  the  language 
of  the  country,  and  totally  unable  to  make  themselves 
thoroughly  understood  by  the  persons  with  whom  they 
were  anxious  to  embark  in  trade." 

To  remedy  this  state  of  ignorance  on  tho  pars  of  our 
English  foreign  commercial  travellers  I  beg  to  suggest 
that  the  following  ideas,  if  carried  out,  would  soon 
remove  this  stigma. 

The  first  is,  that  the  grant  paid  by  the  Educational 
Department  for  foreign  languages  in  our  public  ele- 
mentary schools  is  not  sufficient  for  the  labour  that  the 
teacher  would  have  to  bestow  upon  his  pupils. 

2ndly.  That  a  certain  nvimber  of  young  trained 
teachers  and  others  should  be  encouraged  by  grants 
from  the  State  to  go  on  the  continent  to  8tn(^  the 
languages  they  will  be  called  upon  to  teach.  This  is 
what  is  done  by  the  German  Government,  and  with 
what  result  you  are,  I  trust,  well  acquainted. 

This  would  necessitate  an  expenditure  of  a  few 
thousand  pounds  a  year,  but  we  should  soon  repay 
ourselves  by  our  increased  prosperity. 


Memorial  of  the  Ipswich  School  Boaed. 

Sheweth — 

(1.)  That  your  memorialists,  being  of  opinion  that 
the  technical  instrubtion  of  the  industrial  classes  is  of 
great  importance  in  tho  country,  strongly  urge  : — 

(a.)  That  elementary  technical  instruction  be  recog- 
nised as  part  of  the  ordinary  day  and  evening 
school  course, 
(i.)  That     attendance    at     any    approved    class    for 
technical  instruction  be  reckoned  as  an  attend- 
ance for  the  purpose  of  Article  12  of  the  Code 
of  the  Education  Department. 
(c.)  That    a    grant   be    allowed   for    such    technical 
instruction,  either  by  inclusion  of  the  subject 
as    a    specific    subject   (Article    109    (g)    and 
Schedule   IV.  of  the   Code   of  the   Education 
Department),    oi'  by  allowing   a  grant  similar 
to  that  now  given  for  instruction  in  cookery 
(Article  109  (7i.)  of  the  Code  of  the  Education 
Department). 
(2.)  That  your  memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  school 
boards    should   be   empowered   to    contribute,    if  they 
think  fit,  towards  the  establi.shment  and  maintenance 
of  approved  classes  for  technical  instruction. 


LI. 

Resolution  of  tho  Committee  of  Representative 
Managers  of  London  Board  Schools. 

"  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  committee,  the  Code 
should  be  so  altered  that  the  managers  (i.e.,  the 
managers  in  voluntary  schools,  and  the  School  Board 
in  the  case  of  board  schools)  should  have  lull  liberty  of 
choice  in  selecting  class  subjects ;  and  thiit  no  pressure, 
direct  or  indirect,  should  bo  put  on  them  to  select  one 
class  subject  in  preference  to  another." 


LII. 

Mr.  Herhert  Tnnes,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of 
Managers  of  the  East  London  Industrial  School, 
Porson  Street,  Lewisham,  S.E. 

I  am  directed  by  the  Committee  of  Managers  of 
East  London  Industrial  School  to  address  you  with  the 
object  of  jjointing  out  to  the  Commissioners  for 
inquiring  into  elementary  education  the  difficulty 
under  which  managers  of  industrial  schools  labour  in  ' 
obtaining  properly  qualified  masters,  a  difficulty  con- 
siderably increased  by  the  regulations  now  enforced  by 
the  Education  Department. 

This  subject  has  already  been  under  tho  consideration 
of  the  Reformatories  and  Industrial  Schools  Commission 
which  reported  in  1884,  who  state,  in  paragraph  16  of 
their  report,  when  speaking  of  elementary  education  in 
industi'ial  and  reformatory  schools  : — 

"  Oiir  inquiries  and  personal  observations  have  con- 
vinced u,^  that  in  tho  educational  work  of  reformatories 
and  industrial  schools  there  is  need  for  considerable 
improvement." 

K 


436 


ELEMKNTABY    EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION: 


"  The  teachers  are  freqnently  insufficient  in  number, 
and  of  inferior  quality." 

Also  in  paragraph  17,  to  which,  as  well  as  to  the 
whole  report,  I  beg  leave  to  refer  you,  the  Commis- 
sioners add  that — 

"  Foremost  among  the  obstacles  to  better  teaching  is 
■■  the  difficulty  the  managers  experience  in  obtftining 
"  teachers  of  the  necessary  force  and  ability,"  and  they 
proceed,  in  the  same  paragi'aph,  to  sum  up  some  of  the 
causes  of  that  difficulty  as  follows  : — 

1.  The  complete  separation  between  the  career  of 
those  teachers  and  that  of  the  ordinary  elementary 
teachers. 
'2.  The  fact  of  the  pupil-teachers  at  industrial  schools 
not  being  recognised  for  the  annual  exami- 
nations. 

3.  The  teachers  not  being  able  to  obtain  their  parch- 

ment certificates  for  work  in  an  industrial  school 
nor  the  annual  endorsements  if  they  have  re- 
ceived theii-  certificates  previously  to  their 
entering  such  schools. 

4.  The  loss  of  all  chance  of  their  certificates  being 

raised  from  '2nd  or  3rd  to  a  higher  class. 
6.  Their     never    coming    under    the   notice   of    the 
Inspectors  of  Her  Majesty's  Educational  Depart- 
ment. 
6.  And  in  the  case  of  the  elder  teachers,  their  loss 
on  taking  service  at  an  industrial  school  of  all 
chance   of  obtaining  any   share   of  the  Govern, 
ment  grant  for  teachers'  pensions,  the  qualification 
for  which   is    continuous    employment    in    ele- 
mentary schools  or  training  colleges  since  1862. 
Again,   in  paragraph    21,  the  Commissioners  state 
their  opinion  as  follows : — 

"  We  are  convinced  that  the  hinderance  to  the  enlist- 
ment of  duly  qualified  teachers  for  the  difficult  work  of 
reformatory  and  industrial  schools  can  only  be  com- 
pletely removed  by  putting  service  in  such  schools  on 
an  equality  as  regards  the  rewards  find  expectations  of 
a  teacher's  career  with  service  in  schools  inspected  and 
aided  by  the  Educational  Department." 

The  managers  of  this  school,  and,  I  believe,  of  all 
industrial  schools,  cordially  endorse  the  observations 
and  recommendations  of  the  Royal  Commissioners,  but 
no  action  has  yet  been  taken  upon  their  report,  and  all 
the  drawbacks  and  disadvantages  under  which  managers 
of  industrial  schools  have  long  laboured  in  carrying 
out  this  very  important  part  of  their  work,  namely, 
the  elementary  education  of  the  boys  committed  to 
their  care,  still  exist  in  full  force.  Indeed,  the  diffi- 
culty of  obtaining  and  keeping  masters  seems  to 
increase,  the  younger  and  better  trained  men  almost 
invariably  declining  to  enter  the  schools  on  learning 
that  time  spent  in  them  will  be  lost  as  far  as  their 
promotion  in  their  profession  is  concerned. 

The  managers  of  the  East  London  Industrial  School 
hope  that  you  will  bring  this  subject,  so  important  to 
them  and  to  the  managers  of  all  reformatoiy  and 
industrial  schools,  before  the  Commissioners  now 
inquiring  into  elementary  education,  feeling  sure  that 
the  Commissioners  will  not  consider  the  subject  un- 
worthy of  their  consideration,  and  they  venture  to  call 
their  attention  to  the  whole  of  the  report  from  which 
I  have  quoted  above,  so  far  as  it  relates  to  elementary 
education  generally  in  the  schools  to  which  it  i-efers,  a 
class  of  schools  which  is  very  often  overlooked  when 
elementary  education  is  in  question. 


The  Assembly  is  further  of  opinion  that  an  evil  of  the 
present  system  is  the  payment  of  school  fees,  leading, 
as  it  does,  to  irregular  attendance  and  occupying  a 
large  part  of  the  teachers'  time  in  book-keeping,  and 
also  pauperising  parents,  who  are  driven  to  the  guar- 
dians for  fees  which  they  cannot  pay.  The  Assembly 
thinks  that  a  compulsory  education  in  the  interest  of 
the  community  ought  to  be  paid  for  by  the  community, 
every  parent  thus  contributing  his  share  in  the  form  of 
rates  or  taxes,  and  having  a  right  to  a  due  return  in  the 
free  education  of  his  children ;  but  the  Assembly  is 
assured  that  this  reform  can  only  be  obtained  by  tlie 
transference,  at  a  rent,  of  all  denominational  schools, 
in  the  hours  of  secular  instruction,  to  school  boards, 
since  it  would  be  against  all  principles  of  justice  that 
schools  entirely  supported  by  public  money,  should  bo 
managed  in  the  interest  of  churches.  The  Assembly  is 
confident  that  education  would  thus  be  enormously 
advanced,  while  the  churches  would  be  free  to  do  their 
religious  work  amongst  the  children  in  their  schools 
at  all  hours  outside  those  set  apart  for  secular 
instruction. 

The  Assembly  would  especially  emphasize  the  need 
of  rendering  the  instruction  in  the  board  schools 
absolutely  unsectarian,  and  of  training  board  school 
teachers  in  normal  schools  established  on  an  equally 
unsectarian  basis.  If  necessai-y,  the  Assembly  would 
be  prepared  to  give  evidence  in  support  of  its 
memorial. 


LIV. 

Statement    prepared    by    the    Oxford    and    Disikict 
Association  of  Elementaky  Teachees. 

The  principal  difficulties  attending  rural  schools  arise 
from — 

1.  Irregular  attendance. 

2.  The  supervision  of  several  classes  by  one  teacher. 

Irregula/r  Attendance. 

It  is  acknowledged  that  compulsion  has  to  a  great 
extent  failed.  That  with  compulsion  and  the  strenuous 
efibrts  of  teachers  and  managers  the  average  attendance 
has  reached  only  76  per  cent,  during  the  past  two 
years. 

Under  the  "  Old  Code "  a  specified  number  of 
attendances,  250,  was  the  necessary  qualification  for 
examination.  Under  the  "  Mundella  Code  "  the  quali- 
fication is  not  a  specified  number  of  attendances,  Ijut 
simply  the  scholar  must  have  been  on  the  register  the 
last  22  weeks  of  the  school  year. 

Consequently  many  scholars  have  to  be  prepared  for 
examination  who  have  made  but  40  and  60  per  cent,  of 
attendances. 

Therefore  the  teachers'  time  has,  to  a  great  extent, 
to  be  devoted  to  irregular  scholars. 

Under  such  a  system  the  bright  scholars  are  more  or 
less  neglected. 

It  is  suggested  "  That  examination  may  not  be 
"  claimed  for  any  scholar  who  has  not  made  80  jfcr 
"  cent,  of  the  attendances  possible." 

It  is  believed  if  this  were  the  condition  many  parents 
would  send  their  childi-en  more  regularly. 

Those  parents  who  are  most  anxious  for  labour 
certificates  are  those  whose  children  are  most  irregular 
in  their  attendances. 


LIIL 

Memokial. 

The  Provincial  Assembly  of  Presbyterian  and  Uni- 
tarian Ministers  and  Congregations  of  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire  desires  respectfully  to  bring  under  the  notice 
of  the  Commission  its  deep  sense  of  the  necessity  of 
large  educational  reforms,  whereby  a  system  national, 
unsectarian,  and  free,  and  therefore  more  efficient,  may 
be  established. 

The  Assembly  is  of  opinion  that  the  present  denomi. 
national  system  is  unjust  and  inefficient  ;  that  it  is 
unjust,  inasmuch  as  the  children  of  all  sects  are,  in  a 
large  part  of  the  country,  compelled  to  attend  Church 
of  England  schools,  under  an  inoperative  conscience 
clause,  and  also  because  in  every  case  denominational 
schools  are  sectarian  institutions,  supported  at  the 
public  cost;  that  it  is  inefficient,  because  sectarian 
managers  often  starve  the  education,  aiming  not  so 
much  to  make  good  scholars  as  good  members  of  their 
churches,  at  the  least  possible  expense. 


Supervision  of  several  Glasses  by  One  Teacher. 

It  is  admitted  that  the  requirements  in  the  elemen- 
tary and  class  subjects  (except  drawing)  can  bo  met 
without  serious  difficulty  where  the  children  atteiul 
regularly  and  a  teacher  is  provided  for  each  class. 

The  Department  requires  a  specified  number  of 
teachers  to  a  certain  number  of  scholars,  not  for  a  certain 
number  of  classes. 

In  many  rural  schools  one  teacher  has  to  teach  all 
the  classes. 

Suggestions. 

1.  That  in  all  standards  two  reading  books  only  be 
req  aired, 

2.  That  when  the  number  of  scholars  in  Standards 
v.,  VI.,  VII.  is  small,  those  scholars  may  be  taught  in 
elementary  and  class  subjects  only  according  to  a 
scheme  presented  to  Her  Majesty's  Inspector  at  his 
annual  visit. 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL   REPORT. 


437 


LV. 

Resolution  of  Chtjrch  School  Managers'  and 
Teachers'  Association,  Chester  Congress,  1886. 

That  this  Congress,  whilst  it  gratefully  recognizes 

the  desire  of  the  Education  Department  to  extend  and 

improve  the  teaching  of  drawing  in  elementary  schools, 

is  of  opinion — 

(a)  That   the   new  minute   will   check  rather   than 

encourage  it. 
(h)  That  the  requirements  as  laid  down  in  Schedule  II. 
for  Standards  IV.-VII.  are  excessive  and  too 
difficult, 
(c)  That  no  standard  ought  to  be  examined  in  more 

than  two  branches  of  the  subject  in  one  year. 
(fl)  That    solid    geometry  and    shading    should   be 

eliminated  from  Schedule  11. 
(ti)  That  the  discontinuance  of  the  system  of  giving 
prizes  and  certificates  will  prove  a  great  check 
to  the  teaching  of  drawing. 
That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Congress,  Art.  114,  as  it 
stands  is  injurious  to  the  interests  of  education  specially 
in  pooi-  districts,  and  that  it  should  be  remodelled  so 
as   to    encourage    rather    than   deter    the   efforts     of 
managers  and  teachers. 


should  take  this  matter  into  their  sorions  consideration, 
and  consent  to  hear  evidence  upon  the  need  of  better 
means  for  physical  training  and  increased  facilities  for 
wholesome  recreation  in  all  towns. 


I 


LVI. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Members  of  the  Metropolitan 
PoBLio  Garhens  Association. 

Sheweth — 

That  your  memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  increased 
facilities  for  the  physical  training  of  the  young  of  both 
sexes,  and  further  provision  for  their  wholesome  recrea- 
tion, are  much  needed  in  all  the  larger  towns  of  the 
United  Kingdom,  and,  feeling  that  this  is  a  subject  which 
is  within  the  lawful  scope  of  the  inquiry  of  the  members 
of  the  Eoyal  Commission  on  Education,  they  humbly 
beg  to  urge  its  consideration. 

They  base  their  belief  upon  the  following  gi-ounds  : — 

1.  That  physical  training  is  not  at  present  one  of  the 

obligatory  subjects  for  the  ensm-auce  of  a  Govern- 
ment grant  in  elementary  schools. 

2.  That  several    teachers    in    board    and  voluntary 

schools  are  unable  to  give  instruction  in  gym- 
mastics  or  calisthenics  either  in  the  playgrounds 
or  the  rooms  of  the  schools. 
.1.  That  there  is  a  want  of  some  fund  from  which  the 
maintenance,  out  of  schoolhours,  of  existing  play- 
grounds can  be  defrayed. 

4.  That    there    is   great  difficulty  in   obtaining,   in 

densely  populated  districts,  adequate  open  spaces 
for  public  recreation: 

5.  That  there  is  a  marked  difference  in  bodily  health 

and  vigour,  and  in  a  pre-disposition  to  disease 
and  immorality  between  the  young  in  the  country 
and  those  in  towns. 
They  believe  that  these  difficulties  might  be  over- 
come in  the  following  ways  : — 

1.  By  the  alteration  of  the  Code  of  Education  so  that 

physical  training  should  be  included  among  the 
obligatory  subjects  and,  in  this  way,  necessarily 
introduced  into  each  department  of  every  ele- 
mentary school. 

2.  By  assistance  given  towards  the  introduction  of 

instruction  in  physical  training  into  the  curricu- 
lum of  all  training  colleges. 

3.  By  the  enforcement   of   a  regulation   that  play- 

grounds in  connexion  vdth  public  elementary 
schools  should  be  kept  open,  under  superviswn, 
for  the  use  of  the  children  and  young  people  of 
the  neighbourhood  between  and  after  school 
hours. 

4.  By  a  grant  of  further  powers  to  local  public  bodies 

for  the   purchase  of  land  for  open   or   covered 
gymnasia  and  for  suitable  recreation  grounds  for 
the  use  of  the  general  public. 
They  believe  that  if  these  suggestions  were  carried 

out  the   following  results   would   ensue  to  the  rising 

generation : — 

1.  A  decrease  in  juvenile  mortality,  a  better  physical 

development  and  a  greater  amount  of  bodily 
health. 

2.  An  increase  in  the  mental  powers. 

■i.  A  decrease  in  crime,  drunkenness,  and  immorality. 

It  is,  therefore,  the  earnest  desire  of  youj-  memorialists 

that  the  members  of  the  Koyal  Commission  on  Education 

3K 


LVII. 


(« 


II. 


The  Memorial  of  the  Hereford  Diocesan  Boasd  of 
Education  for  the  Archdeaconet  of  Hereford. 

Tour  memorialists  pray  that  the  following  suggestions 
may  have  your  serious  consideration  : — 

1.  That  Article  114  of  the  present  Code  limiting  the 
grant  payable  so  that  it  may  not  exceed  the  gi-eater  of 
the  two  following  sums,  viz.,  17».  6d.  for  each  unit  of 
average  attendance,  or  the  total  income  of  the  school 
from  sources  other  than  the  grant,  be  entirely  abolished, 
inasmuch  as — 

(a)  it  is  calculated  to  damp  the  zeal  of  teachers  when 
they  find  their  school  cannot  receive  all  that 
it  has  earned ; 
it  falls  with  special  weight  upon  schools  having 
but  small  means,  and  therefore  standing  most 
in  need  of  all  that  can  be  earned  under  the 
head  of  Government  grants. 
That  Article  11,  together  with  the  provisions 
arising  out  of  it,  be  abolished,  and  that  "half-time 
scholars "  bo  no  longer  recognised,  inasmuch  as  the 
system  cannot  be  made  to  work  well  in  rural  districts, 
and  is  in  many  cases  detrimental  to  the  discipline  of 
the  school. 

III.  That  compulsory  education  should  begin  at  the 
age  of  six  and  terminate  with  that  examination  of  the 
school  by  Her  Majesty's  Inspector,  which  shall  take 
place  next  after  the  child's  12th  birthday. 

IV.  That  in  Article  109  E  :  ii.,  250  attendances  through 
the  year  be  sabstituted  for  the  appearance  of  scholars 
upon  the  register  during  the  22  weeks  immediately 
preceding  the  close  of  the  school  year,  as  a  qualification 
for  examination  ;  and  that  there  be  also  added  a  pro- 
vision to  the  effect  that  if  a  child  produce  a  satisfactory 
certificate  from  the  managers  of  the  school  which  it  is 
leaving,  the  attendances  made  in  that  school  shall  be 
allowed  to  qualify  the  child  for  passing  the  examination 
and  obtaining  the  grant  in  the  school  to  which  it 
migrates. 

V.  That  Article  109g,  v.,  be  amended  so  as  no  longer 
absolutely  to  require  "  English  "  to  be  invariably  takeii 
up  as  a  class  subject,  when  only  one  class  subject  is 
taken,  or  only  two  class  subjects  are  taken  in  any 
school. 

Note. — Your  memorialists  have  no  wish  to  discoui'age 
such  a  knowledge  of  grammar  as  children  of  tender  age 
and  enjoying  few  home  advantajjes  may  be  supposed 
capable  of  obtaining,  but  it  is  widely  felt  that  practi- 
cally in  its  interpretation  this  requirement  pi-esses 
hardly  upon  all  save  the  most  intelligent  children, 
especially  in  regard  to  parsing  and  the  analysis  of 
sentences. 

VI.  That  after  the  publication  of  the  next  Code, 
embodying  the  recommendations  of  your  honourable 
Commission,  it  shall  not  he  materially  altered  for  the 
space  of  five  years. 


LVIII. 


Mr.  Henry  Billing,  Teacher,  Free  School,  Weedon, 
June  1886. 

Kindly  pardon  a  teacher  who  has  been  engaged 
nearly  40  years  in  the  work  of  an  elementary  school 
for  respectfully  soliciting  your  valued  sympathy  and 
support  when  the  question  of  teachers'  pensions  is 
brought  before  the  Royal  Commission. 

By  the  minutes  of  the  Committee  of  Council,  25th 
August  1846,  promises  were  held  out  to  teachers  that 
retiring  allowances  would  be  granted  not  exceeding 
two  thirds  of  their  average  salary  and  emoluments. 

Relying  upon  this  distinct  promise  many  persons 
entered  what  was  then  an  underpaid  and  almost  despised 
profession,  never  contemplating  the  possibility  of  a 
breach  of  faith  on  the  part  of  the  State,  and  looking 
forward  to  the  certainty  of  a  provision  for  old  age. 

How  has  this  engagement  been  fulfilled  P  In  August 
1851  the  total  amount  of  the  pension  grant  for  all  the 
teachers  was  limited  to  the  sum  of  6,500i.,  and  in  1862 
Mr.  Lowe  abolished  the  pensions  entirely,  without  tlve 
consent  of  Parliament,  or  of  the  teachers  concerned  and 


438 


EliEMENTABY    EDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


without  awarding  any  compensation  to  them.  This 
breach  of  faith  was  continued  till  1875,  a  period  of  13 
years.  It  is  estimated  that  during  this  time  the 
teachers  were  deprived  of  about  100,000Z. 

In  1876  in  consequence  of  representations  made  to 
the  Government  the  annual  vote  of  6,500Z.  was  renewed 
by  Lord  Sandon,  but  no  account  was  taken  of  the  fact 
that  hefore  1851  no  limit  to  the  amount  of  the  grant 
was  fixed,  and  that  for  13  years  the  pensions  had  been 
improperly  withheld. 

We  claim,  then,  as  a  matter  of  simple  justice,  "  that  all 
"  teachers  who  entered  upon  the  work  of  an  elementar}- 
"  school  before  August  1861  are  entitled  to  a  pension 
"  equal  to  two  thirds  of  their  average  salaries  and 
"  emoluments  after  40  years'  meritorious  service,  and 
"  proportionately  less  for  a  shorter  tei-m." 

May  I  then  most  respectfully  ask  for  your  kind 
interest  and  assistance,  and  for  your  sympathy  on  behalf 
of  a  class  of  men  who  have  done  the  State  good  service, 
and  who  in  the  great  educational  advance  of  recent 
years  have  borne  the  burden  and  heat  of  the  day.  We 
do  not  ask  for  a  general  pension  scheme  for  all  teachers, 
but  simply  that  the  Government  may  be  urged  to  fulfil 
the  promises  made  to  the  older  teachers  at  a  time  when 
the  State  deemed  it  necessary  to  hold  out  this  induce- 
ment in  order  to  get  capable  men  to  undertake  the 
work. 

The  pensions  now  granted  range  from  20Z.  to  30Z.  per 
annum,  and  even  this  small  sum  has  been  refused  in 
cases  where  the  applicant  has  been  of  unblemished 
character,  and  served  40  years,  all  the  known  condi- 
tions upon  which  these  retiring  allowances  are  granted 
having  been  fulfilled. 


LIX. 

Eesolotion  of  the  Committee  of  the  Bexley  Heath 
National  Schools. 

The  Committee  begs  to  represent  to  the  Royal  Com- 
mission on  Education  the  hardship  caused  by  ^he 
enforcement  of  Article  114  [a). 

The  grant  earned  in  their  schools  in  1885  was 
477L  Is.  7d. ;  from  this  sum  10s.  Id.  was  deducted. 

This  year,  1886,  with  the  same  number  of  children 
in  average  attendance  through  the  year,  the  grant 
earned  was  602L  Os.  'id.,  but  the  sum  of  25?.  2j.  10^.  has 
been  deducted,  leaving  the  grant  exactly  the  same  in 
amount  as  in  the  previous  year,  though  Her  Majesty's 
Inspector  bears  witness  to  an  improvement  in  each 
department. 

Both  managers  and  teachers  are  discouraged  from 
doing  their  utmost  to  increase  the  grant  by  this 
deduction  of  what  the  Department  allows  they  have 
fairly  earned. 

Oor  schools  have  gained  this  year  two  "Excellents  " 
and  one  "Good"  merit  grants;  and  the  managers 
trusted  that  with  the  increased  money  grant  they 
would  have  been  able  to  recoup  themselves  for  the 
additional  expense  incurred  during  the  year  in  the 
staff,  and  in  other  ways,  in  order  to  gain  a  good  report. 
But  the  grant  received  is  stationary,  and  the  managers 
are  crippled. 

In  1888,  when  the  examination  in  drawing  is  under 
the  Education  Department,  the  grant  received  will,  the 
Committee  are  informed  by  the  secretary  to  the  Depart- 
ment, be  subject  to  the  same  limitation  under  Article 
114  (a). 

This  fact  (in  many  schools)  would  lead  to  drawing 
being  no  longer  taught  as  an  extra  subject,  if  the  grant 
for  it  be  earned  only  to  be  withdrawn ;  and  this  would 
be  a  decided  loss  to  the  children  ;  but  in  schools  in 
poor  districts,  such  as  ours,  managers  will  not  year 
after  year  incur  expenses  for  advanced  instruction  to 
the  children,  which  are  not  repaid  in  the  grant 
received. 

The  Committee  suggest  that  the  hardship  ex- 
perienced by  poor,  but  meritorious,  schools  under 
Article  114  (a)  be  considered  by  Her  Majesty's  Com- 
misBion  oii  Education,  with  a  view  to  a  remedy  being 
applied  by  all  such  limitations  being  abolished. 


LX. 

The  Rev.  Henry  M.  Ellacombe,  Bilton  Vicarage, 
Bristol. 
I  beg  respectfully  to  bring  before  the  Royal  Com- 
mission   of  Incjuiry   into   the    Klemontiiry    Education 
Acts,   the   following  difficulty   which  baa  occuiTed  in 
Working  the  Act. 


I  am,  and  have  been  since  the  passing  of  the  Act,  a 
member  and  chairman  of  the  School  Attendance  Com- 
mittee of  the  Keynsham  Union,  which  is  situate  partly 
in  Somersetshire  and  partly  in  Gloucestershire. 

From  time  to  time  cases  of  continued  refusal  to  send 
a  child  to  school  have  come  before  us,  in  which  the 
father  finds  it  more  to  his  interest  to  pay  a  fine  than 
to  send  the  child  to  school.  Under  these  circumstances 
we  have  occasionally  requested  the  magistrates  to  com- 
mit the  child  to  an  industrial  school  instead  of  imposing 
a  fine. 

In  the  case  of  children  from  Somersetshire  there  is 
no  difficulty.  The  Somersetshire  magistrates  have 
exercised  their  power  to  contribute  to  the  ex))cnses  of 
children  committed  to  an  industrial  school.  But  with 
children  from  Gloucestershire  the  case  is  different.  Tlio 
Gloucestershire  magistrates  have  not  exercised  this 
power;  and  in  Dgcember  last  the  Committee  memo- 
rialized them  to  do  so,  but  they  received  for  reply  a 
peremptory  refusal,  with  the  comment  that  to  do  so 
"  would  be  to  undertake  duties  which  the  School 
"  Attendance  Committee  is  specially  appointed  to 
"  perform." 

It  is  quite  true  that  boards  of  guardians  have  power 
to  pay  the  necessary  expenses,  but  the  machinery  is  so 
cumbrous  that  it  is  practically  unworkable,  and  in  a 
mixed  union  almost  impossible,  especially  when,  as  in 
Keynsham  Union,  one  county  consents  to  pay,  as  the 
guardians  for  that  county  would  never  consent  to  pay 
for  their  own  children  by  the  county  rate,  and  also  to 
pay  for  the  children  in  the  other  county  by  the  poor 
rate,  and  the  expense,  whatever  it  may  be,  is  a  common 
charge. 

The  result  is  that  we  are  completely  checkmated  in 
dealing  with  the  Gloucestershire  children,  and  I  venture 
to  think  that  the  removal  of  this  difliculty  is  a  subject 
well  worthy  of  the  attention  of  the  Commission. 


LXI. 

Rev.  T.  B.  Abeaham,  Risby  Rectory,  Bury 
St.  Edmunds. 

May  I  ask  you  to  bring  the  following  letter  before  the 
Royal  Commission. 

I  write  as  a  manager  of  a  Church  of  England  school 
in  a  small  agricultural  parish  (population  440) ;  scholars 
about  80,  average  attendance.  I  have  also  some  know- 
ledge of  the  schools  in  neigkbouring  parishes. 

I  find  that  since  the  irregular  scholars  have  been 
presented  for  examination  under  the  change  in  the  Code 
there  has  been  considerable  pressure  put  upon  the 
teachers  and  scholars,  more  particularly  in  under- 
staffed schools.  Speaking  for  my  own  school,  the 
scheme  has  worked  beneficially  for  us,  especially  from 
a  financial  point  of  view.  Our  school  has  invariably 
earned  a  higher  grant  than  we  ban  receive  under  the 
limitations  of  the  Code  ;  but  I  am  in  a  position  to  say 
that  in  the  case  of  many  schools  the  system  entails  too 
much  struggling  after  a  high  por-centage  of  passes. 
which  leads  to  undue  pressure  both  on  teachers  and 
scholars.  • 

I  have  to  suggest,  as  a  remedy  for  this,  that  the  fixed 
grant  on  average  attendance  should  be  raised  from  4.<t.()(i. 
per  head  to  68. ;  and  the  maximum  of  the  grant  on  per- 
centage of  pahsed  be  reduced  to  7s.,  or  84  per  cent., 
leaving  the  merit  grant  as  at  present. 


LXII. 


The  Rev.  P.  R.  Gkenside. — Mirfield  Vicarage,  Yorks. 

I  have  been  requested  by  the  local  School  Attendance 
Committee  of  this  jjlace,  of  which  I  am  myself  a 
member,  to  point  out  to  you  certain  difficulties  which 
we  find  in  practice  in  carrying  out  our  woi'k,  and  to  ask 
you  to  lay  them  before  the  Royal  Commission  on  Ele- 
mentary Education. 

The  parish  of  Mirfield  has  no  school  board  and  it  is 
divided  into  two  local  board  districts.  The  School 
Attendance  Committee  for  the  entire  parish  of  Mirfield 
is  therefore  not  the  urban  sanitary  authority  but  the 
board  of  guardians.  About  five  years  ago  some  of  the 
managers  of  the  various  schools  in  Mirfield  asked  the 
guardians  to  sanction  the  appointment  of  a  local  school 
attendance  committee,  and  a  local  committee  has 
existed  ever  since.  This  committee  performs  all  the 
duties  of  an  attendance  committee,  grants  exemptions, 
inquires  into  cases  of  irregularity,  orders  proseoatione, 


APPKNDIXK.S    TO   FINAL    REPORT. 


439 


and  so  on,  but  all  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  board 
of  guardians.  Kow  we  find  that  not  infrequently  our 
action  is  hampered  by  the  guardians  and  our  recommen- 
dations overlooked.  This  state  of  things  is  perhaps 
aggravated  by  the  fact  that  there  is  another  township 
or  district  in  the  union  situated  similarly  to  our  own 
parish  in  respect  to  the  board  of  guardians  in  the 
matter  of  school  attendance.  The  guardians  of  that 
township  may  not  be  of  the  same  mind  as  our  own 
guardians  or  our  committee,  so  that  measures  which 
we,  on  the  spot,  are  persuaded  would  be  for  the  good  of 
education  in  Mirfield,  are  liable  to  be  thwarted  without 
any  reason  or  knowledge  of  the  circumstances.  For 
example,  supposing  that  oiu-  committee  thought  that 
the  standards  of  partial  or  entire  exemption  from  school 
attendance  should  be  raised,  however  good  our  grounds 
for  this  desire  might  be,  we  should  probably  not  be 
permitted  to  raise  them  because  the  other  township  was 
not  of  the  same  opinion,  and  the  same  byelaws  serve  for 
both  places.  Again,  if  our  committee  were  to  recom- 
mend that  a  boy  be  sent  to  an  industrial  school,  the 
recommendation  is  liable  to  be  set  aside,  although  the 
grounds  for  the  recommendation  may  be  very  strong 
indeed. 

It  was  suggested  by  some  members  of  our  committee 
that  it  would  be  of  great  advantage  that  a  local  com- 
mittee such  as  ours  should  have  legal  powers  indepen- 
dent of  the  board  of  guardians.  Our  dependence  on 
the  board  is  entirely  due  to  the  existence  of  two  local 
sanitary  authorities  in  the  same  parish,  and  it  was 
suggested  that  the  two  local  authorities  might  be 
allowed  each  to  nominate  a  certain  number  of  members 
of  a  local  school  attendance  committee,  and  that  such 
a  committee  might  have  legal  power  of  acting  indepen- 
dently of  the  board  of  guardians. 


Lxin. 


Mr.  Geokge  Swift,  Grammar  School,  Dent,  near 
Sedbergh,  Yorks. 

I  beg  to  bring  to  your  notice  one  serious  obstacle  to 
the  efficient  working  of  the  Education  Acts  in  country 
places.  The  obstacle  referred  to  is  the  inequality  of 
byelaws  in  the  same  educational  area,  i.e.,  in  a  district 
under  the  same  School  Attendance  Committee.  The 
Sedbergh  Union  is  a  very  small  one,  comprising  only 
the  three  townships  of  Sedbergh,  Dent,  and  Garsdale. 
In  Dent  school  attendance  is  compulsory  to  the  age  of 
13,  in  Sedbergh  only  to  the  age  of  12.  The  byelaws  for 
the  township  of  Sedbergh  were  made  at  a  ratepayers' 
meeting  held  on  the  12th  June  1878 ;  those  for  Dent, 
owing  to  the  wilful  neglect  or  carelessness  of  the  School 
Attendance  Committee  were  made  by  the  Education 
Department  in  pursuance  of  section  two  of  the 
Elementary  Education  Act  of  1880. 

The  consequences  of  this  diversity  of  byelaws  have 
been  disastrous  to  the  working  of  the  Education  Acts. 

(1.)  The  School  Attendance  Committee  have  either 
systematically  connived  at  the  infraction  of  the  byelaws 
by  children  between  12  and  13,  or  else  irritated  the 
parents  by  notices  and  warnings  which  have  never  once 
been  carried  out. 

(2.)  The  School  Attendance  Committee,  mainly  com- 
posed of  farmers,  thus  becoming  accustomed  to  ignore 

part  of  the  byelaws,  lose  their  respect  for  the  law,  and 
more  readily  acquiesce  in  a  lax  application  of  compulsory 
attendance  even  up  to  the  age  of  12. 

(3.)  The  effect  upon  parents  is  still  worse.  Their 
sense  of  duty  is  weakened,  their  respect  for  the  law 
is  diminished.  Those  who  wish  keep  their  children 
at  home  after  12  years  of  ago,  fearing  nothing  but 
an  irritating  missive  from  the  School  Attendance 
Committee. 

The  only  remedy  is  a  general  law  equalising  the 
school  age.  The  school  inspector  of  the  district  has 
requested  the  Sedbergh  Committee  to  raise  the  age  of 
attendance  to  13.  The  Dent  gnardians  have  also 
brought  it  forward,  but  without  effect.  The  plea  put 
forward  by  the  farmers  on  the  board  of  guardians  is 
that  they  want  their  children  to  work  as  soon  as  they 
can. 


danger  in  which  voluntary  schools  are  placed  by  the 
absence  from  the  Act  of  1872  of  any  determination  of 
the  ratio  which  school-fees  should  bear  to  the  rate 
levied  by  school  boards.  By  this  omission  school 
boards  are  enabled  to  lower  their  foes  to  a  merely 
nomioal  sum,  and  to  throw  upon  the  rates  all  but  the 
total  maintenance  of  their  schools.  Voluntary  schools, 
to  which  fees  are  a  necessary  part  of  the  means  of 
existence,  are  thus  placed  at  a  disadvantage  so  serious 
as  in  some  cases  to  have  already  led  to  the  closing  of 
the  school,  and  in  others  to  form  a  source  of  constant 
anxiety  to  the  responsible  managers. 

The  Board  of  Education  does  not  by  the  foregoing 
complaint  intend  any  objection  to  the  opening  of  cheap 
board  schools  in  specially  poor  districts. 


LXV. 

Deaf  and  Dumb  and  Blind. 

Memorials  recommending  that  special  provision 
should  be  made  for  the  education  of  the  above  have  been 
received  from — 

Barrow-in-Furness  School  Board. 

Bii'mingham  School  Board. 

Bristol  School  Board. 

Blackburn  School  Board. 

Cardiff  School  Board. 

Devenport  School  Board. 

Huddersfield  School  Board. 

Leeds  School  Board. 

London  School  Board. 

Middlesborough  School  Board. 

Plymouth  School  Board. 

Portsmouth  School  Board. 

Bochdale  School  Board. 

Salford  School  Board. 

Sheffield  School  Board. 

Stranton  School  Board. 

Swansea  School  Board. 


LXIV. 

Resolution  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  the 
Episcopal  Church  in  Scotland. 

The  Board  respectfully  desires  to  draw  the  attention 
of  the  Uoyal  Commission  on  Education  to  the  serious 


LXVI. 


The  Memorial  of  the  School  Board  of  the  Borough 
of  Reading. 

Sheweth, 

1.  That  in  their  experience  children  in  Standard  I. 
are  as  efficiently  taught  in  the  infants'  department  of  a 
school,  if  instructed  in  a  separate  class-room,  as  they 
are  in  the  upper  departments,  and  are  as  well  prepared 
in  the  infants'  department  for  the  succeeding  standards 
as  they  would  have  been  in  the  upper  departments. 

2.  That  the  classes  below  the  first  standard  in  the 
infants'  department  do  not  suffer  through  the  retention 
of  the  first  standard  children,  but  are  rather  stimulated 
by  their  presence. 

3.  That  your  memorialists,  with  your  Lordships' 
sanction,  have  provided  accommodation  for  1,287  infants 
in  the  board  schools  of  Reading  out  of  a  total  number 
of  3,180  places  for  all  children;  and  while  the  upper 
departments  are  practically  full,  there  are  often  many 
vacant  places  in  the  infants'  departments,  in  consequence 
of  which  your  memorialists  have  deemed  it  advisable  to 
have  a  first  standard  taught  in  the  infants'  departments 
of  two  of  the  Reading  board  schools. 

4.  That  inasmuch  as  the  '•  gi'ant  on  examination  in 
class  subjects  "  (Article  109/  of  the  new  Code)  is  pay- 
able only  to  "  schools  for  older  scholars,"  the  retention 
of  Standard  I.  in  the  infants'  department  involves  u 
serious  loss  of  grant,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the 
standard  receives  the  same  amount  of  instruction  in 
these  subjects  as  the  upper  standards. 

5.  That  your  memorialists,  in  order  to  avoid  this  loss 
of  grant,  are  reluctantly  compelled,  wherever  practica- 
ble, to  transfer  the  Standard  I.  children  to  the  upper 
departments,  to  the  educational  disadvantage  of  the 
chilch-en  in  those  departments  on  account  of  the 
hindrances  which  the  teaching,  &c.  of  the  first  standard 
children  occasion. 

Your  memorialists  therefore  humbly  pray  that  your 
Lordships  will  be  pleased  so  to  amend  the  Code 
as  to  allow  of  the  full  examination  grant  being 
earned  by  children  in  Standard  I.,  whether  taui^ht 
in  the  infants'  or  the  upper  dei^artments. 


440 


ET^EMEKTAET    EDUCATION   ACTS    COMMISSION: 


LXVII. 
BUBLAXE  OhUBOH  of  ENGLAlfD  ScHOOL,  BrOAD  ClTST, 

Devon. 

Sir,  Rillerton,  Exeter. 

I  HATE  to  apologise  to  Viscount  Cross  and  the 
Commission  for  the  delay  of  my  answers  to  their 
questions.  I  attended  the  Committee  of  the  Broad 
Clyst  School,  and  concurred  generally  in  their  answers. 
But  I  wish  to  say  more  in  my  single  capacity,  and  I 
desired  to  confer  with  Her  Majesty's  inspector. 

My  opinion  may  be  of  little  importance,  but,  as  I 
have  been  concerned  in  educational  questions  for  more 
than  46  years,  especially  in  reference  to  agricultural 
districts,  I  hope  I  may  be  excused  for  offering  some 
remarks  beyond  concise  answers  for  tabulation. 

I  think,  in  the  first  place,  that  the  system  of  capita- 
tion grants  (though  probably  indispensable  under 
present  circumstances)  acts  very  prejudicially  (1)  in 
fettering  the  discretion  of  the  managers  and  teachers ; 
(2)  in  excluding  help  which  educated  persons  could 
give  ;  (3)  in  causing  subjects  to  be  selected  and  taught, 
more  with  reference  to  the  amount  of  grant  to  be 
earned  than  to  the  good  of  the  scholars.  I  have  been 
told  by  several  teachers  that  the  variety  of  reading 
books,  though  well  intended  as  a  means  of  teaching  the 
art  of  reading,  and  as  a  means  of  preventing  rote, 
imposes  on  the  head  teachers  the  necessity  of  per- 
sonally going  through  every  book  with  each  class 
(18  books  if  there  arc  six  standards)  for  fear  any  of  the 
children  should  be  plucked  as  unintelligent  readers  if 
they  do  not  know  the  meaning  of  all  the  words.  I  can 
hardly  suppose  that  any  competent  and  sensible 
inspector  would  be  so  unreasonable.  But  the  fear 
exists.  I  call  attention  to  the  fact,  because  it  prevents 
the  attempt  to  introduce  other  means  of  cultivating 
intelligence  and  giving  information.  We  want  in 
rural  places  such  teaching  as  Dean  Dawes  gave  in  the 
King's  Sombome  School. 

It  appears  to  me  that  the  treatment  of  elementary 
science  as  a  separate  subject,  by  which  money  may  be 
earned,  does  not  work  well,  though  I  admit  that  the 
Schedule  II.  (pp.  20,  21,  of  Code)  is  drawn  up  with 
much  judgment.'  But,  as  far  as  my  experience  goes, 
teachers  avoid  the  subject.  They  are  obliged  to  teach 
English,  and  this  often  occasions  an  unprofitable  ex- 
penditure of  time  on  English  grammar.  They  seem 
almost  compelled  to  take  geography  as  their  main 
study,  which  does  not  always  interest  children  by  mere 
verbal  description,  and  so  elementary  science  is  left  out 
altogether. 

I  venture  to  offer  a  suggestion  which,  I  believe,  has 
some  support  in  recent  regulations  about  cookery,  viz., 
that  teachers  should  be  encoui-aged  spontaneously  to 
select  some  subject  in  which  they  feel  or  can  acquire 
an  interest.  That  they  should  be  advised,  if  not 
required,  to  devote  one  hour  a  week,  or  40  hours  in  the 
year,  to  oral  instruction  and  illustration  of  such  subject. 

That  on  the  day  of  inspection,  a  short  time,  say,  half 
an  hour,  should  be  set  apart  for  the  master  to  give  a 
lesson  selected  by  himself,  and  to  examine  the  children 
before  the  inspector. 

The  inspector,  of  course,  would  be  at  liberty  to  add 
questions  of  his  own,  or  to  ask  for  another  lesson  on  a 
different  branch  of  the  subject  offered. 

It  is,  of  coTirso  unreasonable  to  expect  that  all 
inspectors  are  to  be  practically  familiar  with  physical 
science,  but,  if  they  are  fit  for  their  office,  they  could 
judge  of  the  honesty  and  intelligence  of  the  teacher, 
and  award  him  or  her  credit  accordingly. 

Tlie  specific  subjects,  however  suitable  they  may  be  to 
the  quasi-secondary  education  of  the  urban  population, 
in  largo  schools,  with  an  ample  staff,  appears  to  me 
inapplicable  to  elementary  schools  in  rural  districts. 
Several  of  the  14  divisions  in  Schedule  IV.  seem  to  be 
drawn  up  in  too  abstract  a  form,  as  if  intended  for 
university  lecture  rooms.  I  refer  especially  to  me- 
chanics, physics,  and  chemistiy,  and  yet  these  are 
subjects  in  which  popular  illustration  would  be  both 
stimulating  and  useful  to  future  agriculturists.  The 
"principles  of  agriculture,"  as  set  forth  in  the  sche- 
dule, appear  to  be  drawn  up  with  special  regard  to 
certain  cram  books,  which  have  been  found  to  serve 
the  purpose  of  earning  grants  from  South  Kensington 
by  townsfolk  with  the  minimum  of  labour  on  the  part 
of  the  teacher  or  the  candidate. 

To  prevent  misunderstanding,  I  may  state  that  I 
have  not  failed  to  notice  the  note  marked  N.B.  at  the 


foot  of  page  4  of  the  Code,  with  reference  to  the 
educational  effect  of  experiment  in  contrast  with  verbal 
definition,  nor  have  I  overlooked  the  rules  of  examina- 
tion for  the  4g.  grant  in  page  14. 

But  I  think  that  as  regards  both  agriculture  and 
cookery,  much  useful  instruction  (not  without  educa- 
tional benefit)  might  be  given  in  rural  schools  under 
less  rigid  conditions. 

I  may  add  that  I  think  some  teaching  of  geometry, 
whether  Euclid  or  what  is  called  practical  geometry, 
should  be  encouraged  in  the  upper  classes  of  all 
schools  attended  by  the  sons  of  farmers  or  mechanics, 
masons  and  carpenters,  and  others. 

In  making  the  remarks  which  I  have  made  on  the 
Code,  I  wish  to  acknowledge  gratefully  the  improvements 
which  were  introduced  when  the  heads  of  the  Educa- 
tion Department  took  counsel  with  the  inspectors  and 
teachers ;  but  the  endeavour  to  prescribe  and  sub- 
divide the  branches  of  knowledge  in  their  scientific 
and  educational  bearings  has  practically,  as  far  as  I 
know,  in  rural  districts,  defeated  itself. 

It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  in  rural  districts  the 
means  for  scientific  training  which  are  available  are 
inaccessible  to  schools.  We  have  had  in  this  parish 
various  scientific  lectures  for  young  farmers  and 
others. 

The  need  for  technical  instruction  is,  in  my  opinion, 
urgent,  and  much  might  be  done  voluntarily  by 
educated  persons  to  supplement  the  work  of  the 
teachers  in  schools;  but  the  regulations  for  earning 
grants  render  this  impracticable. 

I  have,  &c. 

Thomas  Dtke-Acland, 


LXVIII. 


At  the  AuNUAX  Meeting  of  the  Midland  Baptist 
Association,  held  at  Coventry  July  fith,  1880,  the 
following  resolution  was  adopted  : — 

"  That  this  meeting  of  ministers  and  delegates,  com- 
prising the  Midland  Baptist  Association,  expresses 
its  conviction  that  the  time  has  arrived  when  it  is 
desirable  that  all  grants  of  public  money  in  aid  of 
public  elementary  schools  should  be  entrusted  to 
representative  elected  boards,  and  not  to  irrespon- 
sible or  self-elected  managers  of  denominational 
schools." 


LXIX. 

From  John  Bettenson,  22,  Mote  Road,  Maidstone, 
.Tuly  31st,  188G. 

Draft  of  Suggestions,  &c.  to  "  Royal  Commission  on 
Education  Acts." 

I.  School  boards  should  (subject  to  Education  De- 
partment) control  all  grant-aided  education.  (I  omit  all 
reference  to  "religious  education.")  Thus  opportunity 
offered  for  benefits  of  bettor  organisation,  e.g., — 

(i.)  Collecting  upper  grade  scholars  into  fewer  schools, 
now  often  found  in  ones,  twos,  and  threes,  in  large 
number  of  schools,    so   does  not  pay  to  properly 
attend  to  them, 
(ii.) '  Facilitating  introduction  of  special  subjects,  e.g., 
cookery,  Latin,  science,   &c.     Managers  of  single 
ordinary  schools  cannot  afford  needful  accommo- 
dation, teachers,  appliances, 
(iii.)  Collecting  pupil    teachers   of   same    grade   for 
instruction,   so    economising  teaching  power  and 
making  instruction more  thorough, 
(iv.)  Establishing  good  evening  schools. 

(a.)  These  much  wanted.     Not  One  in  all  Maid- 
stone, with  30,000  inhabitants. 
(&.)  Often  tried;    usually  fail,    as    numbers    of 
teachers    and    scholars    too    few    for    organi- 
sation, 
(c.)  Late  Bishop  of  Manchester's  suggestion  to 
Duke  of  Newcastle's  Commission  woi-th  notice, 
viz.: — 
(1.)  Schools  to  meet  in  winter  once  in  daylight 

and  once  in  evening. 
(2.)  All  leaching    staff   available    for    both 

meetings  ;  own  studies  in  afternoon. 
(3.)  Little  ones  to  attend  only  once  a  day  in 
winter.    Mothers  would  be  glad. 


AJPPENUIXUS   TO   PINAL    UKPOKT. 


•141 


(d.)  Isstanco  in  my  owji  experieace  of  a  snccessful 
evening  school : — 
Mrs.   John    Grarfit,   banker's    lady,   Boston, 
Lincolnshire.      Hired  Town  Hall  all  the 
winter.     Well  furnished  with  large  tables, 
&c.     Engaged  10  or  12  head  teachers,  Ac. 
'     to  help  her.      Hundreds  of  lads  and  laeses 
attended    alternate    nights.      Classes    for 
everything, 
(e.)  Boards  having  schoolrooms  can  do  the  same 
as  this. 
Boards  withouu  any  (as  in  Maidstone)  should 
have  power  to  hire  premises,  &c.  for  this 
purpose. 

I  f.  All  school  records  re  grant-aided  education  should 
be  accessible  to  the  public. 
(a.)  Would  be,    were    Suggestion  I.    adopted.     See 

Education  Act,  1870,  sec.  87. 
(ft.)  What  objection  can  there  be  so  to  alter  Act  of 

1873,  sec.  22,  as  to  concede  this  ? 
(c.)  Parents  should  certainly  have  access  to  records 

respecting  own  children. 
(d.)  Present  law   gives  room  for  extensive  trickery 

at  little  risk  of  detection, 
(c.)  Not  enough  that  Act,  1873,  sec.  22,   empowers 

boards  to  see  records  when  returns  are  inaccurate, 

for  rarely  possible  to  discover  or  prove  inaccuracy 

without  sight  of  records. 
(/.)  What  too,  if  Board  declines   to  use  its  powers. 

Maidstone  board  has  done  so,  although  aware  of 

hundreds   of   inaccuracies    under  very  suspicious 

circumstances  in  one  year's  returns.    Details  of  this 

matter  fully  known  to  myself. 

III.  Re  infants'  schools. 

(a.)  Small  schools  for  youngest,  so  as  to  have  per- 
sonal motherly  attention  on  the  instant. 

(6.)  Should  be  very  numerous,  so  as  to  be  almost 
close  to  children's  homes. 

IV.  Re  synchronal  teaching,  i.e.,  instruction  in  same 
branch  of  subject  to  all  classes  in  all  schools  during 
same  year. 

(a.)  e.g.,  Geography.     1887.  British  Isles. 

1888.  Foreign  possessions. 

1889.  Europe. 

1890.  Remainder  of  world. 
History.          1887.  66  B.C.  to  1154. 

1888.  1154  to  1688. 

1889.  1588  to  1714. 

1890.  1714  to  now. 
Physiology.     1887.  Organs     of    shape     and 

motion  (bones,  muscles, 
&c.). 

1888.  Organs  of  alimentation, 

circulation,  respiration. 

1889.  Organs      of       sensation 

(brain,  nerves,  eye,  ear, 
&c.). 
(h.)  Advantages: — 

(i.)  Suit  small  schools  where  several  grades  have 

only  one  teacher, 
(ii.)  Secures  complete  course  to  children  obliged 

to  change  schools, 
(iii.)  Saves    mueh    time    and  .  trouble    to  H.M. 
inspector. 

Specific  subjects  (Schedule IV.,  Article  109 3) 
should  be  examined  at  a  common  centre  for 
each  locality. 

For  facilitating  this  all  school  years  in-one 
locality  should  end  at  same  date. 
Other  incidental  advantages  in  this. 
(c.)  Disadvantages: — 

None,  except  cost  of  duplicate  maps,  &o.  where 
two  or  more  classes  at  one  subject.  This 
avoided  by  taking  ii  in  different  classes  on 
different  days,  or  compensated  for  by  lasting 
longer  time. 
{d.)  Pupil  teachers'  course  should,  where  possible, 
be  synchronous  with  scholars'  course. 

(i.)  Notice  unnecessary  dissimilarity  in  present 
geography  courses  for  pupil  teachers  and 
scholars  (Schedules  I.  and  IL). 
(ii.)  Excellent  opportunity  would  be  afforded  for 
showing  pupil  teachers  how  to  teach  these 
subjects. 

V.  Pupil  teachers'  syllabus.  Schedule  V. 

(a.)  Should  more  clearly  distinguish  between  ordi- 
nary and  additional  subjects. 

(6.)  Should  remove  algebra  and  Euclid  into  latter 
class  of  subjects. 


(c.)  Euclid  should  bo  treated  as  illustrating  elemen- 
tary course  of  logic. 

VI.  Arithmetic  standards,  Schedule  I. 

(a,.)  First  standard  work  should  include — 

Actual     counting    and    measuring    objects, 

money,  weights,  sizes. 
Judging  ditto  by  observation  only. 
Reading    and    estimating    time    on    clocks, 
almanacks,  &o. 
(6.)  Every  grade  should  have  large  amount  of  mental 

work :  lower  gi-odes  neaz'ly  all  so. 
(0.)  Written  sums  should  be  numerous  and  easy; 

all  of  an  ordinary  practical  nature, 
(d.)  Every  grade  should  include  all  sorts  of  calcu- 
lations. 

Even  lowest   grade    can    calculate    very  easy 
money,  fractions,  proportion,  &c. 

VII.  Class  subjects.  Code,  Article  109/. 
(a.)  Code  pays  for  these  only : — 

(i.)  If  English  be  taught, 
(ii.)  If  taught  all  through  the  school. 
(6.)  Both  these  restrictions  should  be  removed : — 
(1.)  Many  schools  can  take   these   subjects  m 

upper  classes  but  not  in  lower. 
(2.)  Scholars  backward  in  three  R's  should  not 

be  compelled  to  take  class  subjects, 
(c.)  Then  grant  would  be  paid  on— 
(1.)  Number  examined. 
(2.)  Results  of  the  examination. 
(3.)  Than  which  nothing  could  be  fairer. 

VIII.  Mode  of  assessing  the  grant. 

(a.)  Article  104  bases  it  mainly  in  average  attend- 
ance. 

Better  to  base  it  on  actual  number  of  attend- 
ances, for  present  plan  gives  a  premium  on 
numerous  holidays  (whenever  attendance 
likely  to  be  under  average). 
(6.)  (1.)  Poor  schools  have  least  teachable  children, 
so  get  lowest  grants,  yet  need  most  help. 
(2.)  Remedy:    Increase  the  rate   of  grant  to 

schools  with  low  fees. 
(3.)  Then  Department  must  fix  the  fee  in  all 
schools,  as  it  now  does  in  board  schools, 
(c.)  Grants  for  three  R's  now  paid  on  examination 
of  selected  children. 

(1.)  Present  mode  of  selection  is  by  fixed  rule, 
namely,  on  certain  register  conditions;  ob- 
jectionable for — 

(A.)  Teachers  know  it  is  safe  to  neglect 

certain  scholars. 
(B.)  The  appointed  register  conditions  are 
. ,    ,•  ,  very  unreasonable,  much  more  so  than 
those  in  force  before  1882. 
(C.)  These  conditions   tempt  to  dishonest 
scheming  with  registers  equally  as  much 
as  those  before  1882,  but  not  so  easily 
detected. 
This  the    probable    explanation    of    bi-iefer 
black  list  since  1882. 
(2.)  If  selection  were  made  at  random— 

When  inspector  is  supposed  to  examine  all, 
it  practically  comes  to  this : — 

Groat  advantage. — (A.)  No  longer  safe  to 

neglect  certain  scholare. 
Disadvantage. — Random  selection  rarely 

secures  a  fair  sample. 
Answer. — Sample  quite  as  likely  to  be 

unfair  on  present  plan. 
Remedy  for  disadvantage. — Let  inspector 
and  teacher  take  part  in  the  exami- 
nation. 
(3.)  Hence  selection  at  random  preferable  to 
selection  by  fixed  rule. 
{d.)  Grant  for  R.  W.  account  now  paid  on  exami- 
nation by  standards.  Schedule  I. 
Ohjections  thereto : — 

(1.)  No    encouragement    to  teach   brightest 

scholars  more  than  one  grade  per  year. 
(2.)  Strong     inducement    to    unduly    presis 

foi-wai'd  the  dull  scholai's. 
(3.)  As  progress  in  these  subjects  is  to  bo 
p(vri  pii3au,  new  scholars  are  naturally 
classified  according  to  their  weakest 
Bubject. 
(4.)  As  scholars  who  pass  in  two  subjects 
must  go  up  lu  all  three  at  next  examina- 
tion, many  fail  on  the  same  subject,  year 
after  year. 


442 


ELEMENTAKY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION: 


(«.)  For  reasons  stated  at  (c)  Mid  (d)  ante: — 

(1.)  Abolish  specific  yearly  gi-ades  of  progress. 
(2.)  Permit  teachors  to  classify  as  they  deem 

best. 
(3.)  Permit  inspectors  to  examine  any   or  all 

the  children. 
(4.)  Permit  teachers  to  take  part  in  the  exami- 
nation. 
Notes : — 

(i.)  This    plan    lately   conceded    to  infante' 
schools      with       unanimously      admitted 
happiest  results, 
(ii.)  The  large  powers  thus  given  to  inspec- 
tors and  scholars  mutually  compensatory. 
Specific  advantages  to — 
(A.)  Inspectors. — Economy     of     time      and 

trouble. 
(B.)  Teachers. — No  preparation  of  schedules, 
&c. 
No  record  of  passes  in  school 
roll. 
All  time  thus  saved  is  available  for 
.  actual  teaching. 

(C.)  Scholars. — All  will  be  attended  to. 

No  inducement  to  unduly — 
keep  children  back ; 
press  others  forward. 
1st  objection. — Unless  progress  be  recorded  yearly 
no  means  of  knowing  what  progress  is  made  in  a 
year. 
Answer.  — This  is  quite  true ;  but — 

(A.)  No     worse     than     present    premium    on 

neglecting  the  non-scheduled  scholars. 
(B.)  Inspectors  can   easily   satisfy   themselves 
that  all  grades   in  the  school  arc   properly 
attended  to. 
(C.)  Teachers,  as  a  rule,  may  be  trusted  to  do 

their  duty  by  all. 
(D.)  Managers  and  parents  exercise  a  salutary 
influence  in  that  respect. 
2nd  objection. — Ordinary  machinery  for   granting 

labour  certificates  no  longer  available. 
Answer.— This  all  provided  for  in  suggestion  X. 

X.  Re  labour  certificates  on  examination. 

(a.)  Much  greater  uniformity  of  qualification   for 

these  is  desirable. 
(6.)  Examinations  for  these  certificates — 

(1.)  Should  be  altogether  distinct  from  the 
school  inspection  for  grant  purposes,  see 
X.  (c),  and  solely  in  the  hands  of  the  school 
board  and  H.M.  inspector  under  Minute  of 
12th  April  1883,  paragraph  6. 
Then  no  need  for  Article  30  of  Code,  which — 
teachers  look  upon  as  a  nuisance ; 

have  no  interest  in  making  known ; 
parents  little  comprehend. 
(2.)  Should  be  held  in  every  locality  twice  a 

year. 
(3.)  Should  be  open  to  all  bon&  fide  residents  in 
the  locality  between  10  and  14  years  old,  and 
certificate  obtained  in  one  district  should  bo 
valid  everywhere. 
(4.)  Would  not  occupy  mnch  time  if  confined 
to  the  two  standards  to  be  passed  for  partial 
and  complete  certificates  respectively, 
(c.)  If,  however,  present  mode  of  examination  for 
grant  purposes  be  retained,  two  passes  out  of  the 
three  should  suffice  for  the  certificate ;  for — 
(1.)  Code  requires  such  "passers  "to  goon  to 

next  stage  in  all  three  subjects. 
(2.)  Boards  rarely,  if  ever,  enforce  byelaws  in 
such  cases. 
(d.)  Whether  children  examined  for  these  certifi- 
cates at  annual  school  inspection  or  at  special 
examinations  for  the  purpose — 
All  the  certificates   should  be  issued  by  the 
school  board  [see  also  XI.  (c.)),  for  better  one 
signature  for  a  whole  district  or  sub-district 
than  a  great  many,  then  less  chance  of  being 
improperly  issued ;  genuineness  of  signature 
more  easily  verified. 

XI.  Re  labour  certificates  on  attendance,  known  as 
•  Dunce  Certificates." 
(o.)  Could  these  be  avoided — 
By  making  byelaws  cover  children  to  14  years  old. 
By  simply  abolishing  them,  and  leaving  all  children 
free  after  13. 


(6.)  At  present  obtainable  by  five  years'  attendances 
of  250  each ;  so  that  249  attendances,  if  that  be  all 
in  a  year,  do  not  count  at  all. 

Better  to  require  an  aggregate  of  a  larger  number, 
say,  1,600  attendances, 
(c.)  These  certificates   should  only  be   fumAshod  by 
the  school  board  (sec  X.  (d.)). 

XII.  Registers.       (Departmental     circular    thereon, 
&c.) 

(a.)  Uniform  registers  desirable. 

(b.)  Make  it  clear  that  this  (and  certain  other  cir- 
culars) are  covered  by  sec.  97  of  Act,  1870. 
This  not  clear  at  present,  and  in  correspondence 
hetween  Maidstone  School  Board  and  managers 
of  All  Saints  School,  Maidstone,  the  latter  say 
they  are  "  not  concerned  "  therewith  {see  their 
letter  to  the  Board  of  25th  May  1886). 
(c.)  All  through  the  circular,  substitute  "miwi"  for 

"  should." 
Paragraph  3 : — 

(i.)  Alter     "Admission    Register"     to     "  Genei-al 

Register,"  or,  better  still,  "  Scliool  Roll." 
(ii.)  I  know  several  schools  where  index  numbers 
have  been  recommenced  several  times ;  make  it 
clear  this  is  not  permitted. 
Paragraph  4..  If  this  be  strictly  observed,  the  school 
roll  will  gradually  become  loaded  with  names  of 
many  children  who    will  never    return ;    so    the 
statistics  dealing  with  "  Number  on  Roll,"  "  Num- 
ber Vacant  Places,"  &c.   will  be  misleading;  con- 
sequently far   better  to  require  all  names   to   l)c 
struck  oft'  roll  after  continuous  absence  of  a  certain 
period,   including    holidays,   unless    pai-ent   mean- 
while notifies  intended  return  of  child  on  or  before 
a  given  date.     In  that  case,  however,  parents  must 
be  made  aware  of  such  a  regulation  (see  XIV.  7). 
Paragraph  5  (</).  Make  it  clear  that  this  means  "last 

certified  efficient  school." 
Paragraph  5  (It).  Some  teachers   record  date  of  last 
attendance ;    others  record  date   of  removal  from 
the  roll. 

Uniformity   of   interpretation    desirable.       Both 
dates  are  worth  recording. 
Paragi-aph  5  {h,  i).   If  standard  individual   examina- 
tions for  grant  purposes  be  retained,  then — 

(h.)  i.  Substitute  "  last"  for  "there,"  because  the 
child    may  have  been  last  examined  at 
some  other   school    than    that    recorded 
under  {(/). 
ii.  Add  "  rvhen  "  and  "  where  "  for  purposes  of 
verification ;   otherwise  children  may  be 
set  back  in  standards  on  shifting  schools, 
lliis  practice  is  far  from  unknown, 
iii.  Add  "  number  of  passes  therein,"  else  other 
information  absolutely  valueless, 
(t.)  Add  "  dates  of  presentatioTtf,"  "  number  of  passes 
thereat,"  for  above-mentioned  reasons, 
I'aragraph  14.  Add — 

(c.)  "  Number  added  to  the  roll  during  the  ?oee/t." 
(d.)  "  Number  removed  from  the  roll  during  the 

week." 
(e.)  "  Nvm]>er  remaining  on  the  roll  at  end  of  the 
week." 

The  Maidstone  School  Board  have  seen  the 
need  for  this. 

XIII.  Modifications  desirable  in  specific  articles  of 
the  Code. 

Article  3.  The   "  9d."  should   cover  the   cost  of  all 

obligatory  purchases  of  school  material. 
Articles  8  c  and  87.     See  suggestion  XII.,  b. 
Article  22 : — 

(i.)  All  school  years  in  same  vicinity  should  end 

at  same  date, 
(ii.)  All  school  years   should   begin   on  Monday 

nearest  first  day  of  the  month. 
(iii.)  Note  if  day  schools  may  meet  on  Saturdays. 
Article  89:— 

(i.)  Specify  examples  of  "reasonable"  and  "un- 

reasonable  grounds  "  respectively, 
(ii.)  At  Dover,  Longton,  &c.  the  Department  has 
consented  to  a  restriction  in  choice  of  school 
where  parents  desire  to  shift  their  children  in 
latter  part  of  school  year. 

Such  a  restriction  very  salutary,  and  should 
be  universal. 
Article  94  (a).  Include  all  other  "  elections." 
Article  96c.  After  "  admission"  insert  " viithdrawaL" 
Recent  occurrences  at  Maidstone  show  this  to  be 
important. 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL    KEPOET. 


443 


Articles  96c  and  97.  "  Returns  "  should  include  those 
to  school  board,  if  required  by  Act  of  Parliament 
or  sanctioned  by  Education  Department. 

XIV.  Certified  efficient  schools. 

(a.)   (i.)  A  complete  list  of  these  (public,  elemen- 
tary, and  otherwise)  in  each   school   board 
district  or  sub-district  should  be  published 
annually, 
(ii.)  All  alterations  in  such  list  should  be  pub- 
lished at  earliest  possible  date. 
(5.)  Outside  principal  entrance  to  every  such  school 
should  be  an  official  notice  board,  stating — 

1.  Name  of  school. 

2.  Character  of  specific  religious  instruction. 

3.  "  Days  "  and  hours  devoted  thereto. 

4.  Ditto     devoted  to  ether  instruction. 

5.  Fees,  &c. 

ti.  Accommodation. 

7.  Notice  to  parents  (see  Suggestion   XII.,  re 

para.  4). 

8.  Names  and  addresses  of — 

Princi])al  teacher. 

Chairman  or  secretary  of  managers. 

9.  &c.,  &c. 


under  the  impression  that  such  power  does  not  exist  at 
present.  Another  point  that  1  beg  to  submit  for  their 
consideration  is  that  power  should  bo  given  to  school 
attendance  committees  to  withdraw  a  half-time  cer- 
tificate on  being  satisfied  that  the  circumstances  that 
led  to  the  grant  of  the  certificate  do  not  exist,  or  have 
been  sufficiently  altered. 


LXX. 

Notes  by  Eev.  T.  P.  Fesquson,  Rector  of  Shirley. 

Brentwood,  Essex. 

We  submit  that  the  present  mode  of  apportioning 
the  Government  grant  is  unfair  to  small  as  compared 
to  large  schools. 

The  grant  depends  on  efficiency  and  on  numbers.  In 
both  these  respects  the  smaller  schools  are  at  a  dis- 
advantage. As  to  efficiency,  because  (besides  other 
difficulties  attending  schools  in  a  scattered  population) 
several  standards  have  to  be  placed  under  a  single 
teacher.  As  to  numbers,  because,  while  the  grant 
increases  iu  direct  proportion  to  the  numbers,  the  cost 
of  the  teaching  statt'  does  not  do  so.  It  is  to  this  point 
especially  that  ^¥e  wish  that  the  attention  of  the  Royal 
Commission  should  be  called.  The  cost  (per  head  of 
scholars)  increases  as  the  numbers  diminish.  This  is 
so,  notwithstanding  the  much  larger  salaries  given 
in  the  larger  schools.  Anyone  familiar  with  school 
arrangements  may  readily  satisfy  himself  of  this  by 
drawing  out  a  table  of  what  he  considers  a  sufficient 
teaching  staff,  with  suitable  salaries,  for  schools  of 
various  sizes.  It  is  not  only  that  a  school  of  25  has  to 
pay  more  (per  head)  than  one  of  100,  but  the  latter  also 
more  than  one  of  400. 

We  submit  that  the  Government  grant  ought  to  he  in 
proportion  to  the  necessary  cost  of  carrying  out  the  Govern- 
ment requirements. 

It  is  on  country  (and  for  much  the  largest  part  on 
church)  schools  that  the  nnfairness  of  the  present 
arrangement  falls.  The  need  of  some  additional  grant 
for  very  small  schools  is  recognised  in  section  111  of 
the  Code  ;  but  this  remedies  the  wrong  in  a  very  small 
degree,  and  the  subject  seems  otherwise  almost  to  have 
escaped  notice. 


LXXI. 

Prom  H.  M.  Stockdale,  Esq. 

Mears  Ashby  Hall,  Northampton, 
6th  September  1886. 
1  BEG  to  draw  the  attention  of  the  Royal  Commis- 
Bioners  on  Education  to  the  subject  of  half-time 
attendances  at  elementary  schools.  At  present  (with 
the  exception  of  such  attendances  under  the  Factory 
Acts)  there  seems  to  be  no  definite  regulations  as  to 
the  manner  in  which  the  privilege  of  "half-time 
attendance  "  is  to  be  exercised.  It  becomes,  therefore, 
almost  impossible  for  school  managers  or  school 
attendance  committees  to  exercise  any  control  over 
half-time  attendances.  I  would  suggest,  for  the  con- 
sideration of  the  Commissioner,  that  the  school 
attendance  committee  that  grants  the  certificate  of 
half-time  attendance  should  (from  having  a  full  know- 
ledge of  the  circumstances)  be  emiwwered  to  specify 
the  arrangement  of  time  under  which  that  attendance 
is  to  be  carried  into  effect.     I  make   this   suggestion 

o     5S387.  3 


LXXII. 


Mr.  Henry  Vander  Vord,  Clerk  to  the  Sheffdrd, 
Everton,  and  Carapton  School  Boards. 

Boyal  Commission  on  Education. 

September  13,  1886. 
My  attention  has  been  drawn  to  a  scheme  purporting 
to  be  that  of  this  inquiry.  If  so,  may  I,  as  a  clerk  of 
country  school  boards  of  several  years  standing,  bo 
allowed  to  draw  your  attention  to  several  points  which 
appear  unjust  to  the  rural  districts. 

III.  The  working  of  the  law.  It  is  impossible  for 
any  uniform  standard  of  inspection  to  bo  set  up.  The 
inspectors  must  give  credit  for  the  circumstances  of 
the  schools  and  the  difficulties  under  which  the  teachers 
labour.  The  consequence  is  that  our  country  popu- 
lation, although  at  least  cqaal  in  intelligence  to  that 
of  towns,  are  supplied  with  a  decidedly  inferior  educa- 
tion, not  only  through  the  want  of  teaching  apparatus, 
&c.,  which  is  generally  smaller  and  less  cffioient  in 
small  districts  than  in  large,  but  through  the  kindly 
and  indeed  almost  instinctive  allowance  the  inspectors 
make  for  the  "circumstances  of  the  school." 

Pupil  teachers.  The  present  system  is  hopelessly 
bad.  The  pupil  teachers  are  drawn  from  the  scliolars, 
and  have,  for  the  first  year  or  two  at  any  rate,  no 
control  over  those  who  are  really  their  playfellows  out 
of  school.  It  is  questionable,  too,  whether  in  many 
cases  that  they  are  ever  taught  to  teach. 

Coiwpulsion  can  scarcely  be  made  more  seveio  in  the 
country  districts.  If  the  boards  were  to  carry  out  the 
Act  strictly  they  would  be  displaced  at  the  next  election. 
All  that  can  be  done  is  to  encourage  parents  to  send 
their  children.  To  put  the  screw  on  tighter  would  lead 
to  revolt  against  the  system.  The  machinery  is  the 
worst  possible  for  the  purjMse.  Small  boards  dare  not 
incur  the  odium  of  severity  when  they  consist  of  the 
village  shopkeeper,  the  farmers,  &c.  No  attendance 
officer  is  appointed,  and  if  ho  is,  is  generally  too  wise 
to  make  himself  obnoxious.  The  clerk  to  the  board  is 
generally  a  solicitor,  who  takes  the  salary  and  hands 
the  work  on  to  a  clerk  who  has  plenty  to  do  beside,  or 
a  man  taking  up  such  work,  without  any  training  for 
it,  as  a  means  of  eking  out  a  livelihood.  Neither  class 
are  likely  to  put  themselves  out  of  the  way  in  carrying 
out  their  duties. 

IV.  Subjects  of  instruction  should  include,  of  course, 
the  three  R's.  Cookery  and  social  economy  should  be 
taken  as  extra  subjects,  but  small  boards  cannot  sn])ply 
the  necessary  means  for  so  doing.  Subjects  bearing 
upon  the  staple  trade  of  the  district  should  be  taught, 
e.g.,  in  agricultural  districts,  agriculture  on  scientific 
principles.  This  would  go  far  to  solve  the  question  of 
agricultural  depression,  and  with  it  many  social  pro- 
blems of  the  future.  Any  advance  in  this  direction  is 
impossible  under  the  present  system  of  small  boards. 
Technical  education  is  impossible  unless  schools  aro 
grouped  in  some  way,  and  gi'aded  schools  aro  impossible 
under  the  present  system.  All  the  schools  should  be 
gi-ouped  round  some  convenient  centre.  Attendance 
should  be  the  basis  of  the  grant,  and  the  limit  of  a 
child's  earnings  should  be  placed  as  high  as  possible. 

VI.  Burden  of  cost.  The  rates  must  bear  the  first 
burden  of  cost,  but  Government  should  by  judicious 
liberality  encourage  such  a  course  of  instruction  as  will 
be  most  beneficial  to  the  district  and  the  country  at 
large.  The  education  of  the  people  is  a  national,  not 
a  parochial,  qxiestion,  and  money  wisely  and  judiciously 
spent  is  a  national  insurance  jjremium  against  future 
poverty  and  crime.  The  effect  of  remission  of  fees  is 
doubtful,  but  I  believe  will  tend  to  make  the  attendance 
worse  rather  than  better. 

General. — What  is  required  is  to  group  the  school 
districts  round  one  convenient  centre,  with  one  board. 
The  union  districts,  with  few  modifications,  would  be 
the  best,  as  the  parishes  have  already  been  accustomed 
to  act  together.  Managers  could  be  appointed  for  the 
separate  schools.  At  this  centre  larger  and  technical 
schools  should  be  established.    A  graduated  fee  might 


4,44 


ELEMENTABT    KDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


b(3  charged  to  pareuts  who  could  pay,  which  would 
largely  cover  the  expense.  Children  in  ordinary  schools 
should  if  showing  ability,  bo  admitted  free  (if  poor)  on 
passing  examinations.  From  this  the  pupil  teachers 
should  be  drawn,  and  the  Universities  might  he  reached 
by  exhibitions  to  be  offered  by  Government  or  private 
persons.  As  to  voluntary  schools,  if  any  parish  chooses 
to  retain  these,  they  should  have  the  same  advantages 
as  the  districts  owning  ratepayers'  schools,  but  should 
contribute  a  fair  share  of  the  costs  of  administration 
and  of  everything  but  their  own  parish  school.  The 
only  difSculty  would  bo  the  apportionment  of  expense, 
and  any  school  board  accountant  would  readily  under- 
stand how  to  do  this,  and  draw  up  a  proper  form  of 
accounts. 


LXXIII. 


Educational  Resolijtions  generally  agreed  upon  by  a 
Enrideoanal  Chapter  in  Somersetshire,  September, 
1886. 

Subject  discussed,— Mr.  Matthew  Arnold's  Report. 
The  difficulties  felt  in  working  the  Education  Acts  in 
rural  districts  are  mainly  that : — 

1st.  School  Attendance  Committees  are  chiefly  com- 
posed of  farmers,  who,  in  those  hard  times,  are 
clamorous  for  the  cheap  labour  of  children,  and 
not  being  generally  in  favour  of  the  education 
of  the  lower  classes,  are  particularly  disinclined 
to  enforce  it. 
2nd.  Magistrates,  conscious  of  the  unpopularity  of 
the  Act,  are  unwilling  to  enforce  it,  and  conse- 
quently use  their  discretionary  powers,  either  (a) 
in  recklessly  dismissing  cases  which  the  S.  A.  C, 
after  careful  inquii^,  had  sent  np  for  prosecu- 
tion, or  (b)  in  inflicting  such  nominal  fines  as 
have  no  deteri'ent  force.  Thus  the  action  of  the 
S.  A.  C.  is  paralysed  and  discouraged. 

Besolutions. 

I.  That  the  foreign  system  is  too  rigorous  for  general 
adoption  in  England,  but  much  may  be  Teamed 
from  it. 

II.  Teachers.— That  actin;?  certificates  for  the  em- 
ployment as  teachers  of  cx-pupil  teachers  direct 
from  their  apprenticeship  should  gradually  cease ; 
and  that  in  future  all  teachers  should  be  subjected  to 
some  direct  training  in  order  that  their  instruction 
should  become  more  "thoughtful."  The  expense  of 
training  to  be  met  by  Government  aid  more  than  at 
present. 

That  insurance  for  pensions  be  made  compulsory. 

Free  Education. — That  with  the  very  low  rate  of 
school  fees  in  rural  districts  this  is  not  desired,  and 
would  be  objectionable,  but  that  special  cases  should 
be  dealt  with  by  local  committees  as  before. 

School-work. — That  two  class  subjects  should  be 
made  imperative,  and  paid  for,  without  abatement, 
under  the  17s.  &d.  limit. 

That  the  general  teaching  be  required  to  bo  more 
thoughtful  and  intelligent  than  at  present. 

That  Rdigioua  Instruction  (with  conscience  clause) 
should  be  required ;  its  character  being  left  to  the 
decision  of  the  managers.  It  need  not  be  a  subject  of 
examination  by  H.  M.  inspectors,  except  perhaps  so  far 
as  the  Lord's  Prayer,  the  Ten  Commandments,  and 
Apostles'  Creed,  &c. 

Attendance. — There  is  not  much  fault  to  be  found 
now  with  this.  It  is  moreover  gradually  improving, 
and  will  continue  so  to  do  if  the  schools  themselves 
are  made  better. 

We  are  convinced  that  bad  attendance  almost 
invariably  implies  some  defect  in  the  school  itself ;  bnt 
we  suggest — 

1.  That  no  exemption  at  all  be  allowed  till  Standard 

IV.  has   been   passed,  or   the  child   is  12  years 
old. 

2.  That  no  full  exemption  be  allowed  before  12  years 

of    age,    whatever    standard    may    have    been 


Local  Committees  (parochial)  should  be  made  obliga- 
tory. The  guardian  and  overseer  (one  or  both)  to  be 
ex-officio  momljers.  Their  duties  should  be  :  {a)  to 
sign  reports  of  absentee  children  ;  (h)  to  I'ecommend 
remission  of  fees  in  special  cases  of  hardship  ;  {<■)  f,o 
recommend  ceriijicates  for  temporary  exennptioii  from 
school  in  certain  cases  of  illness  of  child  or  its  mother, 
or  for  special  local  industries,  e.g.,  birdkeeping,  willey 
stripping,  apple  or  potato  j)icking,  &c. 

School  Attendance  Committees  to  comply  with  the 
suggestions  generally  of  the  local  committees  as  above, 
unless  for  any  very  urgent  reasons  to  the  contrary,  and 
to  issue  through  their  clerk  the  necessary  certificates. 

Magistrates  should  bo  required  to  convict,  and  inflict 
a  fine  of  not  less  than  2s.  6d.  in  all  cases  where  no 
certificate  from  the  8.  A.  C.  is  produced. 

N.B. — Accidental  absence  of  a  day  or  two  should  not 
come  under  this  rigid  rule,  but  frequent  irregularity 
or  three  days  continuous  absence  should  require  a 
certificate. 


LXXIV. 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Conference  of  Clergy  and  Laity 
in  the  diocese  of  Gloucester  and  Bristol,  held  at 
Gloucester  on  the  14th  and  15th  of  October  1886,  the 
following  resolution  was  unanimously  passed,  and  we 
wej'e  directed  to  forward  a  copy  to  the  Royal  Commis- 
sion on  Education  now  sitting  : — 

"  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Conference  a  policy  of 
gratuitous  schooling  is  financially  inexpedient, 
and  alien  to  the  highest  interests  and  the  wishes 
of  the  English  peoi)le." 


LXXV. 

Manchestek  Distkict  Union  oi'  Elementary  Teachers. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  this  union,  hold  at 
St.  Peter's  School,  Oldham,  on  Saturday  the  sixth  day 
of  November  1886,  the  following  resolution  was  passed 
unanimously: — 

"  That  this  meeting  requests  the  Royal  Commission 
on  the  Administration  of  the  Education  Acts  to 
inquire  into  the  working  of  the  Education,  Factory, 
and  Workshops  Acts,  with  regard  to  full-time, 
half-time,  and  domestic  employment,  and  particu- 
larly desires  the  attention  of  the  Commission  to 
the  great  difference  in  the  standards  of  exemjition 
adopted  by  the  various  school  boards  and  attend- 
ance committees  throughout  the  country ;  and 
that  a  copy  of  the  resolution  be  forwarded  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Royal  Commission." 


LXXVI. 


3.  That  attendance  at  night  school  bo  enforced  (say 
for  three  nights  per  week  during  the  winter 
months)  np  to  the  age  of  14 ;  after  that  age  it 
should  be  optional.  The  school  fees  and  Govern- 
ment grant  to  remunerate  the  teachers. 


From  the  Rev.  Herbert  Hicks,  Vicar  of  Tynemouth 
Priory,  Northumberland,  November  11,  1886. 

I  am  advised  by  the  Secretary  to  the  National  Society 
to  bring  to  your  notice  the  hardship  of  rating  voluntary 
schools,  and  beg  that  yon  will  submit  the  case  of  the 
Church  and  other  voluntary  schools  in  the  borough 
of  Tynemouth  to  the  consideration  of  the  Royal 
Commission. 

Until  recently  no  rates  have  been  levied  upon  schools 
in  the  borough  of  Tynemouth. 

In  the  neighbouring  boroughs  rates  have  been  levied, 
but  the  assessment  is  only  nominal,  e.g.,  at  South 
Shields  the  "  Ocean  Road"  Board  Schools,  accommo- 
dating 1,349  children,  are  rated  on  S6l.  less  one-sixth, 
including  caretaker's  house.  At  Jarrow  it  is  quite  a 
nominal  rate.  At  Gateshead  the  rate  is  lo.  per  child 
less  one-sixth.  In  Newcastle  schools  have  hitherto  been 
exempt. 

In  April  last  the  rating  authority  of  the  Tynemouth 
union  assessed  all  the  schools  within  their  union,  and, 
departing  from  the  practice  which  has  been  followed  in 
the  neighbouring  towns,  rated  them  on  what  was 
considered  to  be  their  rental  value. 

I  need  not  trouble  you  with  the  particulars  of  more 
than  one  school,  but  will  cite  one  instance  which  may 
be  taken  as  a  sample  case. 


APPENDIXES  TO  FINAL  REPORT. 


445 


The  Tynemovith  Priory  Schools  are  attended  by  some 
280  children,  and  a  house  for  the  master  is  included  in 
the  premises. 

These  schools  are  now  rated  on  1411.,  bemg  116t.  on 
the  school  buildings,  and  251.  on  the  master's  house. 

Our  rates  are  6s.  8d.  in  the  pound,  and  property  tax 
will  follow,  so  that  an  annual  call  will  be  made  upon 
the  funds  of  the  school  of  near  501. 

It  would  be  impossible  to  carry  on  these  schools 
were  it  not  for  largo  private  subscriptions. 

"We  appealed  to  the  assessment  coiamittec  to  reduce 
the  rate,  but  in  vain. 

We  then  appealed  to  the  magistrates  at  petty 
sessions ;  Mr.  W.  S.  Daglish,  solicitor,  of  Newcastle, 
who  is  one  of  the  trustees  of  Tynemouth  Priory  Schools, 
generously  undertaking  the  case,  and  ably  arguing  it, 
with  the  result  that  the  magistrates  reduced  the 
rating  from  UGl.  to  141.  The  rate  (25?.)  on  the  master's 
house  was  not  appealed  against. 

The  assessment  committee  refuse  to  accept  the 
decision  of  the  magistrates,  and  have  appealed  to 
quarter  sessions.  The  case  was  down  for  hearing  on 
the  21st  October,  but  was  respited  to  the  Epiphany 
sessions. 

We  are  informed  that  if  the  decision  should  again 
be  in  our  favour,  the  assessment  committee  will  carry 
the  case  to  the  Court  of  Queen's  Bench. 

We  have  no  funds  for  fighting  the  assessment  com- 
mittee, and,  if  this  course  is  persisted  in,  we  must 
cave  in.  It  has  been  agreed  that  the  case  of  the 
Tynemouth  Priory  Schools  shall  be  taken  as  a  test 
case. 

We  submit  that  this  action  on  the  part  of  the  rating 
authorities   is   unfair,   unjust,   and  impolitic,   for   the 
.  following  reasons  : — 

(1.)  The  board  schools  are  educating,  in  the  borough 

of  Tynemouth,  2,966  children,  at  a  cost  to  the 

ratepayers  of  upwards  of  8,000L  per  annum. 

The  voluntary   schools   are   educating  in  the   same 

borough  of  Tynemonth  2,862  children,  only  104  less,  at 

a  cost  to  the  ratepayers  of  nil. 

The  school  board  rate  is  now  Is.  IfZ.  or  Is.  2d.  in  the 
pound. 

If  these  voluntary  schools  were  closed,  the  additional 
cost  to  the  ratepayers  would  be  another  8,000i.  a  year, 
or  2s.  4d.  in  the  pound. 

(2.)  The  policy  of  rating  any  schools  is  questionable, 
but  a  distinction  should  be  made  between  board 
schools  and  voluntary. 
In  the  case  of  board  schools,  no  real  payment  can  be 
made,  they  are  supported  out  of  the  rates,  and  what- 
ever payment  they  are  called  upon  to  make  towards  the 
rates  must  come    first  from   the  rates,   so   that  it  is 
simply  taking  it  out  of  one  pocket  to  put  into  another. 
With  voluntary  schools  the  case  is  very  different,  they 
are  already  putting  large  sums  of  money  in  the  pockets 
of  the  ratepayers,  by  saving  them  thousands  of  pounds 
every  year,  and  they  cannot  fairly  be  asked  for  more. 
(3.)  The  basis  of  assessment  is  the  supposed  value 
of  the  rental.     Voluntary  schools,   such  as  the 
Church  schools  in  the  borough  of  Tynemouth, 
have  no  unit  of  value,  they  are  held  on  a  trust, 
the  terms  of  which  are  most  stringent.     The 
sites    are     conveyed     under    the     powers    of 
4  &   6  Vict.  c.  38,  commonly  known  as  the 
"  School  Sites  Act,"  and  the  trustees  have  no 
power  to  let,  or  sell,  or  give  them  for  any  other 
purpose.     They  must  be  conducted  on  certain 
principles  therein  laid  down,  and  on  no  others, 
consequently    no   hypothetical  rental   can   be 
fixed  on,  and  in  a  monetary  point  of  view  they 
are  valueless  as  marketable  property. 
In   this  respect  again  there  is  a  difference  between 
them  and  board  schools  ;  the  latter  are  the  property  of 
the  school  board,  and  can  be  lot,  or  sold,  or  given  away, 
can  be  converted  into  shops,  or  warehouses,  or  music 
halls. 

It  may  not  be  probable  that  such  a  disposition  will 

ever  be  made  of  them,  but  it  is  possible ;  hence  they 

have  a  distinct  marketable  value,  and  can  be  let  for  so 

much  per  annum,  which  may  bo  correctly  taken  as  the 

uiiit  of  annual  value,  on  which  they  can  be  rated. 

(4.)  Voluntary  schools  are,  by  the  reports  issued  by 

the  Education  Department,  shown  to  bo  giving 

as  good  an  education  as  board  schools,  often 

better,  and  at  a  loss  cost,  and  it  is  impolitic 

to   squeeze  the    life    out    of  them  by   heavy 

burdens. 

Voluntary  schools  are  already  heavily  handicapped, 

and  have  a  hard  struggle  for  oxiatence,  and  this  action 

3 


of  the  rating  authorities  will  undoubtedly  close  some  of 
them. 

If  I  can  give  any  infonnation  that  may  be  of  assist- 
ance to  the  Eoyal  Commissioners  on  the  subject  of 
voluntary  schools  I  shall  have  much  pleasure  in  doing 
so. 

I  can  furnish  you  with  the  cost,  rating,  &c.  of  the 
schools  in  the  Tynemouth  union,  if  desirable. 

Hoping  some  remedy  may  be  devised,  by  which  relief 
may  be  given  to  voluntary  schools. 

I  have,  &c. 

Herbert  Hicks. 


LXXVII. 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Lay  and  Clerical  Managers  of 
the  Church  of  England  schools  in  the  rural  deanery  of 
Blackburn,  held  on  November  12th,  1886,  under  the 
presidency  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Blackburn,  the  follow, 
ing  resolutions  were  adopted. 

Eesoived, 

That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  meeting,  further 
discretionary  power  ought  to  be  allowed  to  school 
managers  to  withhold  from  examination,  or  to  represent 
in  the  same  standard,  scholars  of  feebler  minds  or 
weakly  constitutions. 

(2.)  The  limits  in  Article  114  of  the  Code  should  be 
abolished,  und  the  schools  allowed  to  receive  all  the 
grant  they  earn. 

(3.)  It  should  be  authoritatively  declared  that  no 
school  board  has  the  power  to  build  or  extend  a  board 
school  in  any  district  where  voluntary  effort  is  prepared 
to  supply  the  deficiency  of  accommodation. 

(4.)  The  duty  of  allowing  the  school  fees  of  children 
of  indigent  parents  should  be  transferred  from  the 
guardians  to  the  school  boards,  where  such  exist ;  and 
elsewhere  the  school  attendance  officer  should  be  allowed 
to  grant  a  temporary  order. 

(5.)  The  minimum  standard  of  partial  exemption  from 
attendance  at  school  should  be  Standard  III. 

(6.)  Subscribers  to  voluntary  schools  should  be  allowed 
to  have  their  school  rate  reduced  by  the  amount  of  their 
subscription,  and  the  productions  of  the  receipt  for  the 
payment  of  such  subscription  should  be  the  authority 
for  such  reduction. 

(7.)  Payments  for  (a)  diocesan  inspection;  (b)  the 
encouragement  of  pupil  teachers  by  prize  schemes,  &o. ; 
and  (c)  for  kindred  purposes  should  be  allowed  in  all 
cases  as  a  payment  from  the  funds  of  the  school. 

(8.)  There  should  be  greater  uniformity  in  the 
standard  of  attainments  required  by  the  inspectors  at 
their  examinations  of  the  schools,  and  in  the  questions 
set  to  pupil  teachers  and  scholars. 

(9.)  In  the  case  of  endowed  elementary  denomina- 
tional schools,  the  ratepayers  should  not  be  allowed  to 
elect  as  managers  persons  of  no  religion,  or  of  a 
denomination  other  than  that  to  which  the  school 
belongs. 

R.  Atherton  Bawstohne, 

Rural  Dean  and  Archdeacon, 

Blackburn.  Chairman. 


LXXVIII. 


Resolution  of  the  Rotton  School  Board, 
November  15th,  1886. 

That  the  proceedings  of  the  school  attendance  com- 
mittee on  the  18th  October  and  3rd  November  1886  be, 
and  they  are  hereby  approved  and  confirmed. 

The  board  also  desires  to  express  its  regret  that  the 
work  of  enforcing  the  byelaws  and  the  Education  Acts 
is  very  much  hindered,  owing  to  the  operation  cf  the 
10th  section  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act,  1876, 
whereby  the  payment  of  school  fees  to  voluntaiy  schools 
on  behalf  of  the  children  of  indigent  parents  is  left  with 
the  poor  law  guardians,  and  the  board  is  of  opinion  that 
it  is  very  desirable  to  transfer  such  payment  (if  any)  to 
school  boards  and  school  attendance  commiitees,  and 
hopes  that  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  will 
recommend  a  change  in  the  law. 


L  2 


446 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS  COMMISSION  ; 


LXXIX. 


From  John  G.  Lonsdale,  Esq., 
Lichfield  Union. 

Chairman  of  the  School  Attendance  Committee. 

November  19,  1886. 
I  AH  desired  by  the  above-named  committee,  of  which 
I  have  been  chairman  since  its  formation,  to  submit  to 
the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  the  matters  stated 
below,  as  in  their  exporif-nce  requiring  some  legislative 
or  other  interference,  in  order  to  make  the  present 
Education  Acts  serve  the  purpose  for  which  they  were 
passed: —  . 

i.  Thecommittee  have  ordered  prosecutions  of  pa,rents 
for  not  sending  their  children  to  school,  and  one 
or  other  bench  of  magistrates,  before  whom  they 
have  been  brought,  have  frequently  either  dis- 
missed the  summons  or  have  inflicted  a  fine  ot 
Is  ,  which  in  one  case  was  actually  paid  by  the 
chairman  of  the  bench.  On  remonstrance  by 
the  committee,  however,  this  practice  has  been 
stopped.  .         ,,     ,    ., 

If,  indeed,  the  committee  were  conscious  that  tbey 
have  boon  in  any  degree  hard  on  parents  of  children,  or 
had  not  given  warning  notices  more  than  the  Act 
requires,  they  might  have  no  reason  to  find  fault  wiHi 
the  action  of  the  bench.  They  have,  however  through- 
out  been  most  forbearing,  and  have  erred  on  the  score  ot 
leniency  ;  always  ready  to  accept  any  reasonable  excuse 
which  their  attendance  officer  could  suggest  tor  the 
absence  of  a  child.  _  .     . 

But  the  result  has  been  most  disappointing,  and  now 
they  are  almost  afraid  to  issue  a  summons,  lest  on  some 
flimsy  pretext,  or  out  of  a  mistaken  pity,  it  should  be 
dismissed.  The  enforcing  powers  of  the  Act  have  become 
a  laughing-stock,  and  the  work  of  the  committee  seems 
almost  hopeless. 

If  the  Uoyal  Commission  can  recommend  any 
method  for  remedying  this  state  of  things,  the  com- 
mittee will  be  much  encouraged  in  the  discharge  of 
their  duty. 

ii.  The  committee   finds   the   same   parents   are  re- 
ported over  and  over  again,  and  that  they  seem 
indiffcirent  to  the  imposition  of  the  highest  fine 
of  5s. 
The  committee  are  persuaded  that  not  unfrequently 
parents  make  money  by  keeping  their  children   from 
school,  oven  though  they  have  to  pay  the  fane  infiicted 
for  non-attendance.     They  therefore  venture  to  suggest 
that  in   all   cases  after  a  second  conviction   the   fine 
should  be  cumulative  up  to  a  maximum  of  10s.,  and 
that  it  should  be  made   imperative   on   the   bench   of 
magistrates  after  each  conviction  to  increase  the  fine  up 
to  that  limit.  . 

iii.  Inability   to   pay  the   school   fees  is   frequently 

urged  with  success  before  the  magistrates  as  an 

excuse  for  non-attendance. 

The  board  of  guardians  are  always  ready  to  pay  the 

school  fees  of  any  really  necessitona  parents,  and  the 

school   attendance   committee   would    be    prepared   to 

recommend  any  such  case  to  the  board. 

'aey  therefore,  venture  to  snggest  that  no  excuse  of 
inability  to  pay  the  school  fee  should  be  allowed  to  be 
entertained  by  the  bench,  unless  it  could  be  shown  that 
the  parents  had  applied  to  the  guardians  for  payment 
of  that  fee  and  had  been  refused. 

iv.  Another  difficulty  is   the   enforcement   of    fanes 

imposed.   These  are  frequently  allowed  to  remain 

unpaid  for  months. 

The  committee  venture  to  suggest  that  if  a  fine  bo 

not  paid  within  a  month,  it  should  be  imperative  on  the 

magistrates  to  increase  it  by  Is.  for  every  month  during 

which  it  1  emains  unpaid.  _ 

V.  Lastly,   the  committee   desire  to   point   out    the 

hardship  which  the  ratepayers  are  called  upon  to 

suffer  in  consequence  of  the  provision  contained 

in  section  74  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act 

of  1870,  with  regard  to  penalties   imposed   for 

breach  of  byelaws,  viz.,  that  "  no  penalty  imposed 

*'  for  the  breach  of  any  byelaw  shall  exceed  such 

"  amount  as,  with  the  costs,  will  amount  to  5s.  for 

"  each  offence." 

The  result  of  this  proviso  is,  that  where  the  costs  and 

fine  amount  to  more  than  5s.  (and  in  most  instances  the 

costs  alone  exceed  that  sum),  the  excess  has  to  bo  paid 

out  of  the  rates ;  and  so  the  ratepayers  are  taxed  with 

a  portion  of  the  expense  in  return  for  the  efforts  made 

by  the  committee  which  represents  them  to  enforce  the 

Act  of  Parliament. 


It  is  true  that  the  justices  have  power  under  the 
Summary  Jurisdiction  Act  to  "  direct  all  fees  payable 
"  or  paid  by  the  informant  to  be  remitted  or  repaid  to 
"  him  "  ;  but  some  justices  do  not  view  the  Education 
Acts  with  much  favour,  and,  consequently,  decline  to 
give  this  direction.  Hence  arises  the  hardship  of  which 
the  committee  complain. 


LXXX. 


Education  Department, 
Sir,  November  20,  1886. 

If  you  think  the  two  enclosed  memoranda  likely 
to  be  of  any  use,  will  you  lay  them  before  the  Chairman 
of  the  Commission. 

They  refer  to  two  points,  on  which  evidence  was 
given  by  witnesses,  which  were  not  so  well  acquainted 
with  them  as  myself  and  might  mislead  the  Commission 
by  statements  of  facts  with  which  they  are  imperfectly 
acquainted ; — 

(1.)  The  testing  of  the  students  in  training  colleges 

as  to  their  fitness  as  teachers. 
(2.)  The   changes  made   from   time   to   time   in  the 
syllabus  of  study,  prescribed  by  the  Educatiou 
Department  for  students. 

T  am,  &c. 
The  Secretary,  _  T.  W.  Suabie. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 

Male  Training  Colleges. 

Teaehiny. 
Some   misapprehension   appears  to  exist  as    to   the 
practical  test  of  each  student's  teaching  capacity,  so 
far  as  it  is   tested  by  giving  a  lesson  before  the  in- 
spector. 

Each  student  is  required  to  prepare  three  lessons,  one 
of  which  is  selected  by  the  inspector. 

It  has  been  suggested  that  those  are  show  lessons, 
that  they  are  prepared  some  time  beforehand,  that  each 
student  has  a  stock  of  such  lessons  in  his  portfolio,  and 
that  they  are  something  different  from  the  ordinary 
work  of  an  elementary  school. 

It  may  be  safely  asserted  that  without  deliberate 
fraud  on  the  part  of  the  student  and  of  the  authorities 
of  the  colleges,  none  of  those  four  allegations  can  be 
true. 

The  following  plan  is  pursued— 
A  few  days  before  the  inspector's  visit  a  ballot  is  hold. 
The  subjects  are  divided  into  three  groups. 
(1.)  Reading,  writing,  arithmetic. 
(2.)  Geography,  grammar,  history. 
(3.)  "  Specific  "  subjects  and  object  lessons. 
Each  student  obtains  by  ballot  a  lesson  on  one  sub- 
ject of  each  group,  and  the  class  to  which  the  lesson  is 
to  be  given. 

Thus  Alexander  may  obtain  reading,  Class  I. ;  geo- 
graphy, Class  IV. ;  and  object  lesson,  Class  V.  Allen 
may  obtain  writing.  Class  II.;  grammar.  Class  IV.; 
and  physics,  Class  III.  He  must  take  the  list  to  the 
master  of  the  practising  school,  and  ask  what  would  be 
the  appropriate  lessons  to  be  given  in  the  ordinary 
school  course  under  those  three  heads. 

It  follows  therefore  that  each  student  must  give  not 
a  show-lesson  but  a  lesson  of  the  ordinary  elementary 
character.  That  the  chances  are  several  thousand  to 
one  that  he  has  notes  of  a  lesson  prepared  for  the 
actual  lesson  ho  has  to  give.  That  his  notes  cannot  be 
prepared  long  beforehand,  and  that  the  lesson  is  a  fair 
test  of  a  student's  ordinary  teaching  power. 

As  a  proof  that  they  are  fair  tests,  I  latterly  invited 
the  normal  masters  to  draw  up  a  list  of  the  students  in 
order  of  merit  as  teachers,  and  as  an  almost  invaria,ble 
rule,  I  found  on  comparing  my  own  lists  and  theirs, 
that  my  judgment  and  the  judgment  of  ray  colleagues 
coincided  exactly  as  to  the  many  good  and  the  few  weak 
teachers,  and  that  only  slight  dilferences  occurred  in 
our  opinion  of  the  intermediate  students. 

I  may  say  also  that  repeated  calculations  proved  that 
only  10  per  cent,  of  the  students  who  stood  in  the  first 
of  the  three  of  the  certificate  divisions  failed  to  obtain 
a  good  mark  and  a  time  teaching  capacity. 

Syllfibus  of  Study. 
Some   misapprehension  appears   to   exist   as   to   the 
reason  for  changes  made  in  the  syllabus  of  study  for 
male  students  in  the  course  of  the  last  12  years. 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAI,   REPORT. 


447 


Only  four  changes  of  any  importance  have  been  made 
in  the  last  12  years : — 

(1.)  A  special  science  examination,  which  forms  part 
of  the  certificato  examination  in  December, 
has  been  substituted  for  the  general  examina- 
tion held  in  May  for  all  science  classes,  e.g., 
mechanics'  institute. 
(2.)  Those  second  year  students  were  released  from 
the  examination  in  geogi-aphy  and  history,  who 
had  shown  a  competent  knowledge  of  these 
subjects. 
(3.)  The  simpler  principles  of  mental   science  were 

introduced  as  a  basis  for  the  art  of  teaching. 
(4-.)  The  subjects  for  the  second  year's  course  were 
grouped  into  six  groups,  of  which  no  student 
can  take  more  than  four. 
As  regards  the  first  change,  the  institution  of  a  special 
science  examination,  it  was  a  common  practice  to  de- 
vote the  earlier  part  of  each  year  almost  exclusively  to 
preparation   for    the   general    examination   of  science 
classes  in  May. 

A  raw  student  who  entered  on  January  20th  had  to 
be  passed  in  two  science  subjects  about  May  10th,  for 
the  double  purpose  of  bringing  a  grant  to  his  teacher 
and  obtaining  his  own  certificate  to  teach  two  sciences 
after  13  weeks'  study. 

As  regards  the  second  change,  a  general  ref|ucst  was 
made,  especially  by  the  Scotch  colleges,  to  release  the 
better  grounded  students  from  some  parts  of  the  work, 
which  they  had  already  studied  for  five  years  as  pupil 
teachers.  All  that  showed  a  competent  proficiency  for 
teaching  those  subjects  were  released  from  history  and 
geography  and  allowed  to  study  other  subjects. 

As  regards  the  third  point,  before  the  introduction  of 
some  of  the  simpler  principles  of  mental  science,  the 
art  of  teacbiog  had  rested  in  most  of  the  colleges  merely 
on  empirical  rules;  the  change  has  been  heartily 
welcomed  by  all  the  more  capable  teachers. 

The  most  recent  change,  the  formation  of  groups  of 
subjects,  was  made  in  the  interest  of  the  students.  The 
higher  groups  are  reserved  for  those  only  who  have 
passed  the  lower  with  credit  at  the  end  of  their  fii-st 
year,  so  that  whereas  students  used  to  be  re(|nired  to 
take  up  11  or  12  subjects  for  exarainatiou,  no  student 
can  now  be  required  to  take  up  more  than  eight. 

November  20th,  1886.  T.  W.  SiuiirE. 


LXXXI. 


At  a  general  meeting  of  the  i'aversham  Association 
of  Church  School  Managers  and  Teachers  held  on 
Octol)er23rd  1886. 

It  was  Resolved — 

I.  The  Education  Acts  : 

a.  That  power  be  given  to  magistrates  to  send  chil- 
dren to  industrial  schools  for  a  more  limited 
time. 

h.  That  the  half-time  system  be  abolished. 

c.  That  facilities  be  given  to  found  schools  for  waifs 
and  strays  in  certain  centres. 

(1.  That  the  maximum  fine  for  irregular  attendance 
be  increased. 

e.  That  no  child  shall  leave  school  before  passing 
Standard  Five  unless  it  has  reached  the  age  of 
13  years. 

n.  The  Code : 

a.  That  the  requirements  in  grammar  be  lowered  by 
one  standard ;  or,  that  the  requirements  for 
Standard  Four  bo  limited  to  easy  simple  sen- 
tences; that  grammar  bo  optional  as  a  class 
subject ;  and,  that  managers  Ije  allowed  their 
choice  among  all  the  class  subjects. 

h.  That  drawing  continue  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Science  and  Art  Department,  and  not  be  included 
in  the  seventeen  and  sixpenny  limit. 

c.  That  the  exception  schedule  be  abolished,  and  in 

lieu  of  it  teachers  be  allowed  to  withhold  8  per 
cent,  of  children  qualified  for  examination  with- 
out question  by  the  inspector,  and  without  affect- 
ing the  report  or  merit  grant. 

d.  That  Article  114  be  abolished. 

e.  That  individual  examination  under  Standard  Four 

and  payment  by  results  be  abolished,  and  that  in 
])lace  of  it  a  larger  attendance  grant  be  given  in 
boys'  and  girls'  schools,  the  deficiency  being 
made  up  by  a  larger  merit  grant  to  be  given 
upon  the  work  of  the  whole  school  as  in  the  case 
of  infants'  schools. 


III.  Payment  of  fees  : 

a.  That  some  more  easy  and  effoctnal  way  bo  devised 
for  the  payment  of  the  fees  of  indigent  children, 
o.ij.,  that  school  boards  and  attendance  com- 
mittees bo  empowered  to  recommend  the  pay. 
ment  of  the  fees  of  such  children,  and  that  the 
duty  of  the  board  of  guardians  to  pay  them  bo 
obligatory. 

IV.  Superannuation: 

a.  That  it  is  desirable  that  a  scheme  for  the  super- 
annuation of  teachers  be  adopted,  and  that  it 
should  be  compulsory ;  that  Government  should 
provide  the  nucleus  and  teachers  should  con- 
tribute  to  the  fund. 

V.  Compulsion : 

a.  That  compulsion  is  faiily  but  not  efTcctivoly 
applied  in  securing  regulai'ity  of  attendance. 

h.  That  parents  be  obliged  to  register  all  children  of 
school  age,  within  a  month  of  residence  in  any 
district,  or  within  a  month  after  the  child  hr.s 
attained  school  age. 

We  have,  Ac, 

W.  N.    GUIFFIN, 

Vicar  of  Osprings, 
President  of  the  Faversham 
Association  of  School 
Managers  and  Tcachors. 
E.  A.  Maddox, 
Head  Mistress, 
Faversham  District  National 
To  the  Secretary,  Girl's  School,  Hon.  Sec. 

Koyal  Commission  on  to  the  Association. 

Education  Acts. 


LXXXII. 


DnnnAM  Diocesan  Board  op  EnncATros. 
Having  had  the  questions  addressed  by  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Education  to  the  managers  of  elc- 
mentar3'  schools  under  its  consideration,  begs  respect- 
fully to  jilace  the  following  suggestions  before  the 
Commission : — 

1.  That  the  17s.  dd.   limit  in  grants  to  elementary 

schools  be  abolished. 

2.  That  the   limitation   to   two  days   in   Act,   1870, 

section  76,  makes  such  an  inspection  as  is  re- 
ferred to  in  the  clause  (i.e.,  by  other  than  H.M. 
inspector,)  impracticable  in  the  larger  schools, 
and  that  the  time  for  such  inspection  should  be 
extended. 

3.  That  there  are   cogent  reasons   for  desiring  the 

appointment  of  a  minister  of  education,  and  that 
the  heads  of  the  Department,  over  which  he 
presides,  should  have  practical  knowledge  of 
teaching  and  inspection. 

4.  That   the   grant   be  increased    to   schools,   which 

must  naturally  be  small,  on  account  of  popu- 
lation. 

5.  That  the  merit  grant  is  a  cause  of  groat  anxiety  lio 

the  teachers  and  of  nncertainly  to  the  managers, 
in  consequence  of  the  different  modes   of  esti- 
mating adopted  by  H.M.  inspectors. 
0.  That  two  sets  of  good  reading  books  ought  to  be 
deemed  sufficient. 

7.  That  it  is  desirable  that  the  term  of  pupil -teachers' 

apprenticeship  should  be  extended  to  five  years 
from  the  present  age  of  14. 

8.  That  fome  steps  be  taken  to  limit  the  influx  of 

teachers  into  the  profession  who  have  not  served 
an  apprenticeship  and  pa.=sed  through  a  training 
college. 

9.  That  the  work  in  class  subjects  requires  re-arrang- 

ing and  more  clearly  defining. 

10.  That  adequate  means  of  appeal  against  faults  of 
inspection  and  imperfect  rej^orts  of  inspection  is 
greatly  desired. 

11.  That  public  elementary  schools  ought  not  be 
rated. 

12.  That  the  arrangement  by  whicli  the  poor  law 
guardians  pay  school  fees  does  not  work  satis- 
I'actorily.  In  many  cases  theio  is  unnecessary 
delay.  Personal  application  of  the  father  is 
sometimes  required  at  great  inconvenience.  The 
amount  paid  by  the  guardians  is  often  insuffi- 
cient. 

13.  That  the  cstablishm- i.t  of  new  ^oluntary  schools 
should  not  bo  dependent  upon  the  will  of  the 
local  school  board, 


448 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION  : 


14.  That,  inasmnoh  as  the  religious  instruction  and 
moral  training  in  all  schools  depends  so  greatly 
upon  the  teachers,  it  is  most  important  to  main- 
tain efficiently  our   training   colleges   as   places 
where  distinctive  religious  teaching  and  discipline 
are  provided. 
The    Durham    Diocesan    Board    of   Education    also 
respectfully  requests  that  the  Rev.  S.  B.  Smith,  rector 
of    Sunderland,    and    late    principal   of   the  Durham 
Training   College   for   Schoolmasters,    the   Rev.   John 
Mathwin,  rector  of  West  Pelton,  Chestor-le-Street,  and 
Mr.    Card,    head    master    of    Rectory   Park    Schools, 
Bishop  Wearmonth,  Sunderland,  be  summoned  to  give 
evidence  before  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education. 

J.  B.  DUNELM. 


LXXXIII. 


To  the  Right  Honoubable  the  Chairman  and  the 
Members  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  the  Elemen- 
tary Education  Acts. 

The  Memorial  of  the  school  board  for  the  borough  of 
Ipswich  showeth : — 

I. — (a.)  That  by  section  57  of  the  Elementary  Educa- 
tion Act  of  1870,  and  by  the  substituted  section 
10  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act  of  1873, 
the  Public  Works  Loan  Commissioners  are 
empowered  to  lend  money  to  school  boards,  to 
be  repaid  in  50  years,  at  a  rate  of  interest  of 
Sj  per  cent,  per  annum. 

(5.)  That  by  the  Public  Works  Loans  Act  of  1879,  and 
by  a  Treasury  Minute,  dated  August  16th, 
1879,  the  above-mentioned  provisions  of  sec- 
tion 10  of  the  Elementary  Education  Act  of 
1873  have  been  set  aside,  and  the  rate  of  in- 
terest on  loans  repaid  in  50  years  raised  to 
4 J  per  cent,  per  annum. 

II. — (o.)  That  in  certain  school  board  districts  the 
sums  required  for  the  repayment  of  the  prin- 
cipal and  interest  of  loans  absorb  a  very  con- 
siderable  portion  of  the  rate,  and  press  unduly 
upon  the  ratepayers  of  such  districts. 

(&.)  That  poor  pojjulons  districts,  and  certain  small 
rural  parishes,  specially  suffer  through  the 
large  amount  of  provision  of  board  school 
places  necessary  in  such  districts  and  parishes. 

Your  memorialists  therefore  earnestly  ask — 

That  the  Commissioners  will  use  their  infliience  to 
promote  such  legislation  ns  may  be  necessary : — 

I. — (a.)  To  require  the  Public  Works  Loan  Commis- 
eioners  to  lend  money  to  school  boards  to  be 
repaid  in  60  years,  at  a  rate  of  inteiest  of  not 
more  than  3J  pei  cent,  per  annum. 

(b.)  To  require  the  Public  Works  Loan  Commissioners 
to  reduce  the  rate  of  interest  on  all  existing 
loans  granted  by  them  to  school  boards,  to 
34  per  cent,  per  annum. 

(6.)  To  allow  school  boards,  if  they  prefer,  to  repay 
Buch  loans  by  way  of  annuity,  viz.,  by  equal 
annual  instalments,  including  principal  and 
interest. 

IL — {a.)  To  give  special  relief  in  cases  where  a  school 
board  satisfy  the  Education  Department  that 
the  expenses  incurred  during  any  financial 
year,  in  the  repayment  and  interest  of  loans, 
have  been  in  excess  of  the  sum  produced  by  a 
rate  of  (say)  3d.  in  the  pound  on  the  valuation 
lists  in  force  in  the  district  during  tlie  year, 
such  special  relief  to  consist  of  a  Parliamentary 
Grant  equal  to  a  fixed  part  of  such  excess. 

(ft.)  To  give  special  relief  in  cases  where  the  number 
of  school  places  provided  by  the  school  board 
bears  a  high  ratio  to  the  rateable  value  of  the 
district,  either  by  authorising  the  Public 
Works  Loan  Commissioners  to  grant  loans  to 
such  districts  at  lower  rates  of  interest  than  to 
ordinary  districts,  or  by  giving  to  such  dis- 
tricts a  Parliamentary  Grant  of  an  amount  to 
bo  determined  by  the  said  ratio. 

As  witness  the  Common  Seal  of  the  Board  this  24th 
day  of  November  1886. 

Walton  Turner, 

Chairman  of  the  Board. 
J.  Hepburn  Home, 

Clerk  of  the  Board. 


LXXXIV. 

50,  Ajundel  Square,  London,  N., 
Sib,  24th  November  1886. 

I  have  been  requested  by  my  colleagues,  the 
inspectors'  assistants,  to  submit  to  you  the  following 
statement  of  the  points  which  they  wish  to  bring  to  the 
notice  of  the  Royal  Commission : — 

I.  Salary: 

(a.)  Wo  feel  that  our  present  initial  salary  of  1501. 
is  not  commensurate  with  the  laborious  and 
responsible  nature  of  our  work,  nor  with  the 
dignity  of  the  position  in  which  wo  are  placed, 
and  that  the  acceptance  of  this  small  salary 
often  involves  great  pecuniary  sacrifice,  the 
extent  of  which  cannot  be  foreseen. 

(6.)  That  we  should  arrive  at  our  maximum  salary 
of  300L  in  a  less  number  of  years  than  we  do 
under  the  present  conditions,  and  that  such 
maximum  should  be  raised  by  at  least  100'. 

(c.)  That  our  present  salary,  even  after  we  have 
reached  our  maximum,  does  not  place  us  on 
a  level  with  the  best  paid  of  the  elementary 
teachers,  from  whom  we  are  selected. 

(fZ.)  That  while  the  average  salary  of  elementary 
teachers  has,  since  1871,  steadily  improved, 
ours  has  practically  remained  stationary. 

(e.)  That  those  of  us  who  are  compelled  to  live  in 
the  great  cities  and  towns  specially  feel  the 
difficulty  of  making  our  small  incomes  meet 
our  necessary  expenses. 

II.  Work.— -Iho  work  of  examinatioji  and  inspection 
has  so  much  increased  since  the  passing  of  the  Educa- 
tion Acts,  that  H.M.  inspectors  have  been  unavoidaljly 
compelled  to  intrust  us  with  duties  of  constantly 
increasing  responsibility  ;  duties  necessitating  a  large 
and  undue  amount  of  night  work  at  home,  and 
depriving  ns  of  many  of  the  comforts  of  domestic  and 
social  life,  and  that  without  bringing  ns  any  extra 
remuneration  whatever. 

I  have,  &c. 
The  Secretary  of  the  Geo.  Macbonald. 

Royal  Commission  on 
the  Education  Acts. 


LXXXV. 


Resolutions  passed  by  the  Hartlepool  Branch  of  the 
National  Union  of  Elementary  Teachers,  London. 

Hartlepool, 
November  27,  1886. 

That— (1.)  All  pupil-teachers  who  have  served  a 
complete  apprenticeship  should  be  admitted  to  normal 
training  colleges  without  the  imposition  of  an  entrance 
fee  (101.  or  Ibl.},  as  this  entrance  fee  was  not  formerly 
charged,  the  Government  grant  of  1001.  and  subscrip- 
tions from  the  gentry  being  sufficient,  and  this  entrance 
fee  deterring  many  proper  pupil-teachers  from  coming 
up  for  training,  many  being  orphans,  &c.,  whose 
narrow  circumstances  render  it  most  difficult  to  procure 
the  necessary  books  and  clothing,  let  alone  entrance 
money. 

(2.)  That  training  colleges,  being  intended  for  the 
training  of  public  elementary  school  teachers,  bo  con- 
ducted on  the  same  principle,  as  that  class  of  schools, 
as  far  as  section  7  of  the  Education  Act  is  concerned. 
For  instance,  no  child  on  accoant  of  religion  can  be 
debarred  from  entering  any  public  elementary  school 
which  receives  Government  grant ;  but  in  some  Church 
of  England  training  colleges  students  are  debarred 
from  entering,  if  they  do  not  jjass  in  the  religious 
examination  of  that  training  college,  even  although 
they  have  well  satisfied  the  proper  Government  Inspector 
in  secular  subjects,  which  surely  cannot  be  satisfying 
the  spirit  of  the  Act. 

(3.)  No  headmaster  of  a  model  school  in  connexion 
with  a  normal  training  college  should  be  appointed 
unless  he  has  been  a  successful  teacher  (out  of  training 
college)  at  least  12  years,  to  entitle  him  to  the  real 
first  class  certificate  (Code,  Art.  63,  64).  The  practice 
of  appointing  a  master  to  a  model  school  from  amongst 
the  students  in  training  is  to  be  condemned,  as  it  is  a 
shame  to  place  a  person  of  so  little  public  elementary 
school  experience  in  a  position  to  instruct  others,  and 
these  sham  appointments  are  only  made,  as  a  rule,  to 
enhance  the  salaries  of  the  principal  and  vice-principal 
at  the  expense  of  the  teaching  staff,  the  backbone  of 
the  whole  normal  system. 


APPENDIXES   TO    FINAL   BEPOET. 


449 


\ 


{i.)  Tho  revised  code  aud  iiistractions  to  Hor  Ma- 
jesty's Inspectors  being  part  of  the  Education  Acta 
should  not  be  altered  so  often,  as  continual  changes  are 
not  only  puzzling  to  school  managers  and  teachers  but 
entail  much  expense  for  books  and  apparatus.  The 
requirements  in  reading  and  si)elling  are  much  in 
excess  of  what  they  should  be,  as  it  is  absurd  to  expect 
an  average  child  to  master  three  books  of  spelling,  each 
containing  120  pages,  in  an  ordinary  and  perhaps  irre- 
gular attendance  of  22  weeks.  Moreover,  tho  cost  of 
these  books  to  parents  and  school  managers  is  a  very 
serious  item  of  school  expenditure.  One  book  of  160 
pages  is  siiflBcient. 

(5.)  Arithmetic  at  tho  Government  examination 
should  be  taken  from  books  used  in  school,  sanctioned 
by  the  Education  Department,  and  not  from  secret  test 
cards  supplied  by  tho  Education  Department,  as  many 
of  these  cards  contain  problems  which  neither  master 
nor  inspector  could  work  at  the  same  school  age.  The 
examinations  and  inspections  of  all  schools  in  the  same 
town  should  be  helcl  in  the  same  month  and  upon  the 
same  day,  if  possible,  and  the  inspectors  should  have 
a  sufficient  staff  of  assistants  for  this  purpose,  the 
whole  of  the  examination  work  being  there  and  then 
examined  before  tho  teacher's  eyes,  and  with  his 
concuri'euce. 

(6.)  The  number  of  children  apportioned  to  each 
teacher  by  article  83  of  the  Code  is  50  per  cent,  too 
high  in  each  case,  aud  this  may  easily  be  proved  by 
thinking  how  long  each  child  should  read,  &c.,  and 
multiplying  by  60  or  80,  as  the  case  may  be. 

(7.)  School  board  districts  should  be  enlarged  so  as 
to  equalize  the  rates,  as  it  is  wi'ong  to  expect  a  small 
rateable  value  to  pay  a  rate  of  one,  two,  or  three  shil- 
lings in  the  pound  for  a  national  benefit  like  education, 
when  another  district  gets  off  with,  perhaps,  only  a 
penny  in  the  pound. 

(8.)  School  boards  should  be  encouraged  to  appoint 
older  teachers  as  school  board  clerks  and  attendance 
superintendents ;  and  for  this  purpose  article  9  of  the 
Revised  Code  should  be  amended,  as  many  misin- 
formed school  managers  aud  others  believe  that  teachers 
are  ineligible  for  these  appointments  under  any  cir- 
cumstances whatever.  The  work  of  school  board  clerks 
and  attendance  officers  should  be  revised  by  properly 
appointed  special  inspectors  and  certificates  of  com- 
petency granted. 

(9.)  Class  registers  for  marking  attendances  should  be 
kept  by  teachers,  bnt  in  large  schools  all  other  book- 
keeping, summaries,  and  forms  should  be  kept  by  a 
properly  appointed  school  clerk  (not  school  hoard  clerk). 
The  whole  of  the  entries  concerning  admission,  with- 
drawal, and  proj^er  age  of  children,  should  be  made  by 
the  attendance  officer.  In  board  schools  the  school- 
fees  book  kept  specially  for  the  public  auditor  of  the 
Local  Government  Board  should  be  aboliahcd  as  unne- 
cessary, as  the  same  items  are  kept  by  a  method  as 
satisfactory,  and  sooner  reached  from  the  class  registers 
in  the  summary  form ;  also  kept  for  the  Education 
Dei>artment's  officials. 

(10.)  No  child  under  14  should  bo  liberated  from 
school  unless  he  has  passed  the  6th  standard,  and 
produces  a  certificate  to  show  ho  is  offered  bona  fide 
employment.  The  10  square  feet  limit  per  child  should 
be  raised  to  18,  aud  in  senior  class  rooms  the  accom- 
modation should  be  estimated  by  the  number  who  can 
comfortably  be  seated  for  copy  writing.  In  old  schools 
where  the  ceiling  is  not  over  12  feet  in  height,  the 
Eolus,  or  some  other  system  of  foul  air  extraction 
should  be  compulsory.  Long  rooms  should  bo  dis- 
eouraged,  and  no  room  should  accommodate  more  than 
70  pupils  nor  less  than  40. 

(11.)  The  school  board,  and  not  tho  guardians,  should 
remit  the  fees  in  voluntary  schools,  as  in  country  dis- 
tricts the  guardian's  office  is  miles  from  the  village. 
The  remitted  fees  should  be  really  paid  over  to  all 
schools  by  the  school  board,  as  the  present  system  of 
actually  paying  over  the  money  to  voluntary  schools, 
but  merely  excusing  the  m.oney  in  board  schools,  does 
not  give  a  correct  return  of  income  from  school  fees  in 
board  schools,  and  causes  much  unpleasantness  when 
contrasts  are  made  public. 

(12.)  Drawing  should  bo  optional  as  a  second  class 
subject,  and  perfect  freedom  should  be  allowed  in  the 
choice  of  subjects  taught,  whether  for  class  or  other 
subjects,  as  the  requirements  of  different  districts  vary 
so  much. 

(13.)  There  shonld  never  be  loss  than  seven  school 
managers  of  a  voluntary  school,  and  the  number  of 
their  meetings  Bhould  bo  annually  stated  in  the  Edu- 


cation Department  Form  IX.  No  head  or  certificated 
teacher  holding  a  real  first  class  certificate  should  be 
dismissed  from  his  appointment  without  the  previ  nis 
sanction  of  the  Education  Department  and  two-thirds 
of  the  school  managers.  No  inspector  or  assistant 
should  be  appointed  under  30  years  of  age,  and  no 
head  teacher  of  a  large  school  under  25,  so  as  to  ensure 
experience. 


LXXXVI. 


From  tho  Eev.  Oeulrles  Cakey,  Chairman  of  tho  Lano- 
POUT  Union  School  Attendance  Committee. 

Kingstown  Rectory, 

Somerton,  Somerset, 
November  27,  1886. 
May  I  be  permitted  to  submit  the  following  case  to 
your  Commission  as  tending  to  show  the  futility  of 
attempting  to  work  the  present  law  of  compulsoi-y 
education  in  the  face  of  an  nnwilling  bench  of  magis- 
trates. 

The  Langport  Union  in  the  county  of  Somerset  is  in 
two  magisterial  districts,  viz.,  Uminster  and  Somerton. 
In  the  first  of  these  no  difficulty  occurs.  The  School 
Attendance  Committee  only  submits  really  bad  cases 
for  iirosccutions,  and,  unless  for  exceptional  reasons, 
the  magistrates  convict,  impose  reasonable  fines,  or 
otherwise  remit  the  costs ;  so  that  no  charge  falls  on 
the  guardians. 

In  tho  Somerton  district  the  case  is  very  different. 
The  magistrates  there  have  laid  down  a  hard  and  fast 
rule,  that  they  will  never  impose  more  than  Is.  fine 
for  the  first  offence  brought  up  before  them,  however 
great  the  negligence  has  been,  or  whatever  pains  the 
committee  and  its  attendance  officer  have  taken  to 
secure  regularity.  Neither  have  they  consented  to 
remit  the  costs. 

Knowing  the  difficulty  of  obtaining  convictions,  or 
fines  of  sufficient  amount  to  prove  deterrent,  the  com- 
mittee has  been  very  chary  in  prosecuting,  and  only 
selects  very  determined  cases  of  continuous  neglect  in 
despite  of  warnings. 

During  the  current  year,  in  the  month  of  March,  six 
cases  were  presented  from  two  parishes.  Of  these,  five 
were  dismissed  on  tho  most  trifling  grounds.  One  waa 
fined  Is. 

On  tho  23rd  of  this  month  (November)  16  cases  were 
sent  up  from  three  parishes,  all  having  boon  served  with 
several  notices,  and  all  pressed  on  the  committee  as 
very  bad  oases,  needing  prosecution.  This  was  confirmed 
by  the  guardians  of  th^  several  parishes. 

Two  children  only  had  made  two-third  attendances  in 
tho  course  of  the  preceding  10  mouLhs.  Seven  had 
made  one-half.  Two  had  made  one-thud,  and  one  only 
one-sixth.  The  result  was  that  two  children  in  one 
family,  with  attendances  of  19  out  of  74,  were  dismissed 
on  the  score  of  a  medical  certificate  stating,  not  that 
tho  children  were  ill  at  the  time,  but  that  the  family 
was  consumptive,  and  that  the  children  in  question 
ought  not  to  bo  sent  out  in  the  wet.  Six  cases  were 
fined  Is.  each,  and  two  were  adjourned  on  account  of  a 
charge  brought  against  tho  mistress  of  cruel  usage.  A 
bill  of  costs  for  2Z.  15s.  was  sent  in  by  the  magistrate's 
clerk,  viz.,  3s.  Qd.  for  all  dismissed  cases,  aud  5».  6(Z. 
wherever  the  Is.  fine  had  been  imposed,  no  remission  of 
costs  whatever  being  allowed. 

The  presiding  magistrate  attended  the  next  board 
meeting,  with  note*  of  tho  sevcial  cases.  It  was  clearly 
shown  that  the  medical  certificate  was  wholly  insufficient 
to  justify  the  constant  absences  of  tho  children.  That 
their  irregularity  had  been  so  great  when  they  attended 
a  somewhat  nearer  school  in  an  adjoining  parish  that 
the  managers  had  refused  to  allow  them  to  continue 
there  any  longer. 

The  charge  of  cruelty  against  the  teacher,  in  another 
instance,  was  abundantly  refuted,  and  tho  alleged 
poverty  of  some  of  the  cases  dismissed  was  wholly 
denied  by  the  guardians,  who  knew  the  families.  It 
was  further  stated  that  in  the  parish  fi-om  which 
nine  cases  had  been  sent  up,  and  where  the  charge  of 
cruelty   had  been   brought  against   the  mistress,   tho 

Earents  had  returned  home  intoxicated  and  triumphant;, 
urued  tho  mistress  in  effigy,  and  otherwise  insulted 
her. 

It  is  not  surprising  that  the  school  attendance  com- 
mittee should  teol  that  their  efforts  to  work  the  Act 
have  been  thus  made  wholly  nugatory.  The  guiltv 
parents  are  defiant  aud  triumphant,  whue  a  heavy  bill 


460 


ELEMENTAK?    EDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION 


is  brought  upon  the  funds  of  the  union,  because  its 
officers  were  endeavouring  to  do  their  duty.  Great 
discouragement  is  the  result,  and  the  board  can 
hardly  be  expected  to  continue  to  incur  such  discom- 
fiture, but  will  probably  decline  to  take  out  any  more 
BUiamonses. 

It  is  not  for  me  to  make  suggestions  to  the  Conimis- 
Bioners,  but  it  is  evident  that  so  long  as  the  present 
discretionary  powers  remain  with  magistrates,  they 
have  it  in  their  power  entirely  to  negative  the  enforce- 
ment of  school  attendances. 

It  is  just  possible  that  after  the  discussion  at  the 
board,  the  magistrates  may  remit  the  costs  in  one  or 
two  caseii. 


LXXXVU. 


Suggestions  for  consideration  of  the  Royal  Commission 
on  the  Education  Acts,  respectfully  prcsenlcd 
by  IIknry  J.  Slack,  Barrister-at-Law,  F.Cr.S., 
F.ll.M.S.,  Member  of  the  National  School  Com- 
mittee, Forest  Row,  and  of  the  Memorial  School 
Committee  (Mr.  Thompson's),  Ashdown  Park. 

POKEST   Row   ClIILDKEN. 

Fiicts  and  Difficulties. 

Very  small  number  of  words  known  to  the  village 
children.  Those  in  the  upper  standards  do  not  under- 
stand the  meaning  of  enough  simple  words  that  occur 
in  ordinary  children's  books  to  read  them  intelligently, 
without  constant  explanation.  For  example,  girls  in 
VI.  and  VII.  Standards,  spending  time  in  difficult 
arithmelio,  thought  a  shed  was  a  "coffin;"  that  hred 
meant  "a  lot."  They  had  no  idea  of  what  mortal 
meant,  and  supposed  mental  rejhiem-e'iit  meant  "  good 
clothes."  These  and  other  common  words  which  they 
did  not  know  were  taken  fron>.  one  of  their  reading 
books.  Few  boys  on  leaving  school  can  read  with 
enough  understanding  to  amuse  themselves  with  any 
book.  The  few  who  can  do  this  belong  to  families 
above  the  class  of  farm  labourers.  They  have  chances 
of  hearing  many  words  at  home  which  the  less  fortunate 
children  only  meet  with  in  the  school  lessons.  _  It  is 
only  by  a  slow  process  of  explanation  and  association 
that  the  children  can  be  supplied  with  a  fair  stock  of 
words  and  a  practical  knowledge  of  their  meanings. 

One  great  hindrance  to  a  clear  understanding  of 
common  words  is  the  local  habit  of  muddling  sounds 
in  remarkably  indistinct  speech.  In  this  respect  the 
boys  are  much  worse  than  the  girls,  and  tho  older  girls 
worse  than  the  little  ones  in  tho  infant  school,  who 
show  more  aptitude  in  imitating  the  teachers  pro- 
nunciation. This  aptitude  seems  to  diminish  as  they 
grow  older,  through  the  home  influence  of  inarticulate 
speaking  overcoming  that  of  the  school. 

If,  as  the  writer  hopes,  there  will  be  a  general  agree- 
ment that  a  reasonable  acquaintance  with  the  English 
language  should  be  regarded  as  a  fwulamental  necessiti/, 
much  more  time  must  be  given  to  this  subject  in 
schools  like  those  of  Forest  Row. 

To  obtain  the  necessary  time  some  important  modi- 
fications of  the  system  are  required.  The  regulations 
of  the  Code  as  regards  arithmetic  should  be  re-con- 
sidered. Aliility  to  make  quickly  and  accurately  all 
the  calculations  that  arc  wanted  in  village  shops, 
butchers,  grocers,  &c.,  is  a  matter  of  obvious  utility, 
and  instead  of  diminishing  the  time  devoted  to  this 
purpose  it  might  be  extended  with  advantage ;  but  a 
considerable  gain  of  time,  now  misapplied,  might  be 
obtained  by  omitting  a  large  part  of  the  arithmetic 
lessons  that  are  now  required  by  the  Code. 

It  is  assuredly  an  ahsurditi/  that  children  should  go 
without  adequate  instruction  in  their  native  tongue  in 
order  "  to  find  the  greatest  common  measures  "  and  the 
"  least  common  multiples  "  of  long  strings  of  figures; 
that  they  should  be  compelled  to  plod  wearily  through 
long  divisions,  and  have  "to  reduce  three-fourths  of  7s. 
"  to  the  fi'action  of  one  guinea  ;  five-ninths  of  one  fur- 
"  long  to  the  fraction  of  one  league  ;  discover  how 
"  much  is  '875  of  a  hogshead  of  beer,  or  the  '87125  of 
"  an  anker  of  brandy,"  with  much  more  of  the  same 
sort. 

Another  terrible  time-waster  and  children's  brain- 
bothorer  is  the  vexatious  stufl'  called  "  grammar." 

Imagine  the  folly  of  tormenting  and  perplexing 
children  who  are  grossly  ignorant  of  common  words 
and  common  things  with  such  tasks  as  "  defining  a 
"  simple  sentence,  a  compound  sentence,  a  subordinate 
"  Bontence,  a  complex  sentence,"  and  to  "  explain  the 


"  terms,  phrase,  adjunct,  contracted  sentence,  elliptical 
"  sentence,  and  give  examples  of  each,"  also  "  to 
"  enumerate  tho  various  kinds  of  subjo(^t,  of  predicate, 
"  oi'  completion  of  the  predicate,  of  enlargement  of 
"  subject,  of  enlargement  of  object,  and  of  extension 
"  of  the  pi'cdicatc,  and  to  give  examples  of  each  of 
"  these." 

The  backwardness  of  the  children  in  elementaiy 
knowledge  of  English,  and  other  common  things  of 
more  utility  than  this  stuff,  is  not  by  any  means  the 
fault  of  the  Forest  Row  scliool  teachers,  who  do  well 
what  the  Code  permits  ;  but  no  teachers  can  do  justice 
to  the  children,  or  produce  results  proportional  to  the 
expenditure,  while  so  much  of  the  school  time  is  com- 
pulsorily  misapplied. 

As  a  mental  discipline  this  kind  of  teacliing,  if  such 
it  can  Ije  called,  is  a  decided  failure,  and  it  stands  not 
only  in  the  way  of  more  English  language  teaching,  but 
also  in  the  way  of  elementary  science  teaching,  such  as 
lessons  in  physiology,  mechanics,  &c. 

The  children  in  general  show  aptitude  for  geogi-aphy, 
which  is  well  taught,  but  might  be  better  taught  if 
tho  memory  were  less  Ijurdened  with  the  names  and 
positions  of  a  multitude  of  places,  rivers,  &c.  of  minor 
importance,  and  some  attention  were  given  to  physical 
geography,  the  contour  of  countries,  their  mountain 
ranges  or  plains,  and  other  facts  that  influence  climate 
and  health. 


LXXXVIII. 


Sdggestions  made  by  the  Rev.  J.  Grey,  Honghton-lo- 
Spring  Rectory  for  modification  of  the  rule  which 
makes  the  grant  to  elementary  schools  depend 
upon  the  average  attendance  for  the  whole  year. 

It  would  apparently  be  quite  practicable  from  the 
school  registers  to  estimate  tho  pro|)ortion  of  unavoidaljlo 
absences  during  the  year,  so  much  per  cent.,  say  10  or 
15  or  20  per  cent.  Having  ascertained  Ibis  proportion, 
then  estimate  tho  average  attendance  of  the  year  on 
that  basis.  Suppose  it  should  be  found  that  the 
unavoidable  absences  amount  to  15  or  20  per  cent,  on 
the  whole  year,  then  count  80  or  85  as  100. 

This  principle  is  adopted  in  parochial  assessment  of 
i-ating  value. 

It  seems  that  this  would  meet  the  difficulty  arising 
from  what  we  may  call  unavoidable  absences  during 
the  year,  such  as  children  being  kept  away  when  home 
duties  occasionally  require  this. 

The  occasions  when  epidemics  prevail  seem  to  require 
special  consideration.  Tho  same  priiiciple  might  be 
applied.  Suppose  the  school  attendance  is  seriously 
affected  for  a  few  weeks  ;  asoertain  from  the  school 
registers  the  proportion  of  absences  during  thee]iidemic, 
and  make  that  special  allowance  in  calculating  the 
average  attendance. 


LXXXIX. 


WiDNES    SCHOOI,   BOAHD. 

To  the  Moijal  Commission  on  the  Edttcalion  Acts. 

The  Memorial  of  the  School  Board  for  the  township 
of  Widnes  respectfully  showeth  : — 

That  voluntary  schools  supply  a  certain  amount  of 
accommodation  for  children  which  saves  the  district  a 
large  sum  in  the  erection  of  fresh  buildings,  and  this 
board  thinks  it  only  fair  that  they  should  have  their 
share  of  the  rates  levied  for  schools  under  Government 
inspection,  as  with  their  limited  resources  they  are 
unable  to  provide  all  the  appliances  which  are  required, 
and  which  all  school  board  schools  can  command. 

Seconaly.  That  schools  amid  a  scattered  population 
should  bo  judged  by  a  difl'erent  standard  as  regards 
average  attendance  and  consequent  efficiency  than  those 
around  which  a  large  population  is  concentrated. 

Thirdly.  That  all  elementary  schools  should  be 
exempt  from  all  rates  and  taxes. 

Your  memorialists,  therefore,  respectfully  urge  that 
the  above  petition  may  have  the  careful  consideration 
of  the  Royal  Commission,  and  sucli  recommendations 
made  as  will  give  effect  to  the  prayer  of  the  petitioners. 

And  your  memorialists  will  ever  pray,  &c. 

Sealed  in  the  presence  of — 

T.  Sutton  Timmis, 

Chairman  ;  and 
G.  H.  Daney, 
Clerk. 


APPENDIXES   TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


451 


xc. 

The  Newport  Pagnell  and  Olney  Teachers'  Asso- 
ciation passed,  at  a  meeting  held  by  the  above 
association  at  Newport  Pagnell  on  October  30th,  1886, 
the  following  resolutions:  — 

I.  That    great    modifications    are    required    in    the 

drawing     schedule,     especially     in     the     upper 
standards. 

II.  That  gi-ants  for  drawing  should  be  made  by  the 

Science  and  Art  Department,   or  the   178.   6d. 
limit  of  grant  abolished, 


XCI. 

To  tliG  Members  of  the  Boi/al  Commission  upon  Edtication. 

Resolutions  passed  by  the  Tenburv  Association  of 
Church  School  Managers  and  Teachers  at  a 
Meeting  of  the  Association  held  on  Saturday, 
January  8th,  1887. 

That  in  the  opinion  of  this  meeting  it  is  desirable — 

First.  That  farther  discretionary  power  should  bo 
given  to  school  managers  to  withhold  from  exami- 
nation or  to  represent  in  the  same  standard 
scholars  of  feeble  minds  or  of  weakly  constitu- 
tions. 

Second.  That  the  limits  in  Article  114  should  bo 
abolished,  and  that  all  schools  should  be  allowed 
to  receive  all  the  grant  they  earn. 

Third.  That  power  should  be  given  to  the  managers 
of  voluntary  schools  to  remit  fees  in  necessitous 
cases,  and  obtain  payment  thereof  out  of  the  ])Oor 
rate,  provided  that  the  amount  so  paid  in  any  one 
year  shall  not  exceed  one-eighth  of  the  amount  of 
school  pence  received  in  such  year. 

Fourth.  That  it  should  be  authoritatively  declared 
that  no  school  board  has  the  power  to  build  or 
extend  the  board  school  in  auy  district  where 
voluntary  effort  is  prepared  to  supply  the  defi- 
ciency of  accommodation. 

Fifth.  That  subscribers  to  voluntary  schools  should 
be  allowed  to  have  their  school  rate  reduced  by 
the  amount  of  their  subsci'iption,  and  that  the 
production  of  the  receipt  for  the  payment  of  such 
Bubscriptiou  should  be  the  authority  for  such 
reduction.  That  payments  for  the  encouragement 
of  pupil  teachers  and  children  Ijy  prize  schemes, 
&c.,  and  for  kindred  purposes,  should  be  allowed 
in  all  cases  to  be  paid  out  of  the  funds  of  the 
school,  and  that  no  deduction  from  the  grant  be 
made  on  account  thereof. 


XCII. 

Suggestions  made  by  the  Rev.  Edwin  C.  Collakd. 

Thatford-suh-Castle  Vicarage, 

Salisbury,  February  2,  1887. 

1.  That  the  Code  shall  be  revised  not  more  frequently 
than  every  third  year. 

2.  That  in  country  schools,  at  least,  less  arithmetic  be 
required  of  the  girls  than  of  the  boys,  e.(/.,  the  former 
might  take  up  the  arithmetic  of  the  standard  below  that 
of  which  they  take  up  the  reading  and  writing. 

3.  That  the  principle  of  allowing  an  additional  sum 
(besides  that  actually  earned)  to  schools  in  parishes  of  quite 
small  populations  be  somewhat  extended,  e.g.,  11.  Ids.  be 
given  to  where  the  i)opulation  does  not  exceed  .3.50,  and 
5/.  to  where  it  does  not  exceed  4(H),  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  inspector. 

4.  And  that  when  only  one  class  subject  is  taken  up  in 
a  school,  it  may  either  be  grammar  or  geography,  as  the 
managers  of  the  school  may  prefer. 


XCIII. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  on  thk  Elementary 
Education  Acts. 

Leicester  School  Board,  Town  Hall, 
Leicester,  I'ebruary  (i,  18S7. 
My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

As  inspector  of  14,()<K)  children  in  this  board,  I  am 
desirous  of  pressing  one  or  two  points  on  the  consideration 
of  your  Commission.     I  may,  [jerhaps,  he  pardoned  for 


mtrodueing  myself  when  I  say  that  the  Leicester  board 
schools  rank  among  the  very  highest  in  the  Kingdom  for 
(1)  per  centage  of  passes  ;  (2)  sums  earned  per  child  ;  and 
(.5)  merit  grants  (87  per  cent.  "  excellents  "). 

The  most  urgent  difficulty  felt  by  school  boards  in  large 
manufacturing  towns  is  (1)  the  virtual  prohibition  of 
elementary  science  "  as  a  class  subject,  by  fettering  the 
choice  of  the  managers;  (2)  the  absurdly  incongruous 
mixture  of  subjects  set  down  in  Schedule  I.,  under  the 
head  of  "Elementary  Science." 

As  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Nottingham  recreative 
night  classes,  which  have  led  up  to  the  teclinical  classes 
in  Nottingham  University  College,  I  feel  slrongly  in- 
terested in  elementary  technical  education  as  a  stepping 
stone  between  the  elementary  and  purely  technical  school, 
and  therefore  venture  to  call  your  attention  to  the  pre- 
ceding points. 

I  am,  &c., 

H.  Major,  B.A.,  B.Sc, 
Inspector  of  Leicester  Board  Schools , 


XCIV. 

,,  Broxbournc,  Herts, 

My  Lokds  and  Gentlbme.v,  February  •>,  1887. 

I  AM  requested  by  the  managers  of  our  parochial 
schools  to  l)ring  under  your  notice  the  following  ]ioints,  to 
which  we  think  your  earnest  attention  should  be  directed 
in  connexion  with  the  inquiry  now  being  held  by  you. 

I.  The  requirements  of  the  jiresent  Code  are,  in  our 
judgment,  too  great  fordull,  delicate,  and  irregular 
children. 
II.  More  consideration  should  be  shown  for  the  peculiar 
difficulties  of  small  rural  schools,  where  each  class 
must  consist  of  two  or  more  standards. 

III.  Greater  freedom  of  classification  of  the  scholars  is 

desirable. 

IV.  The  system  of  payments  by  results  is  unsound  in 

principle,  and  injurious  to  education. 
Trusting  that  you  will  kindly  inquire  into  these  matters 
with  a  view  to  some  modification  of  the  Code  in  favour  of 
small  rural  schools. 

I  remain,  &c., 

J.  Salwey, 
,,,,     ^,    .  Vicar  and  Correspondent, 

1  lie  Chan-man  and  Committee  of 
The  Royal  Commission 
on  Education. 


XCV. 

Offices  of  the  National  Vigilance  Association, 
267,  Strand. 
My  Lords  and  Gentlemen,  February  28,  1887. 

We  desire,  on  behalf  of  the  National  Vigilance 
Association,  to  call  your  attention  to  a  state  of  things 
which  is  an  evasion  of  those  sections  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Act  and  the  Factory  and  Workshops  Acts  which 
are  designed  (a)  to  secure  the  education  of  all  children 
between  the  ages  of  5  and  1,3,  and  (b)  to  forbid  the 
employment  of  all  children  between  6  and  10  years  of 
age,  and  to  restrict  their  employment  between  the  aees  of 
10  and  14.  ^ 

Notwithstanding  the  Acts  referred  to,  children  under  10 
are  employed  in  London  and  other  large  towns  in  very 
considerable  numbers  in  theatres  and  pantomimes.  We 
submit  that  this  employment,  necessitating  lengthly  re- 
hearsals and  frequently  involving  two  performances  a  day, 
the  second  of  which  terminates  at  a  late  hour  of  the  evening, 
cannot  take  ])lace  without  interfering  seriously  with  the 
education  of  the  children.  We  have  found  from  inquiry 
from  school  teachers  and  managers  that  there  is  a  strong 
concensus  of  opinion  on  their  part  that  the  employment  of 
these  young  children  in  theatres  is  most  detrimental,  if 
not  altogether  destructive,  to  their  education.  Children 
who  have  been  many  hours  in  or  about  a  theatre  are  too 
tired  when  they  come  to  school  to  give  proper  attention  to 
their  lessons.  They  frequently  cease  to  take  any  interest 
in  their  school  course,  and  not  only  make  no  progress 
themselves  hut  their  influence  and  example  promote  in- 
attention and  listlessncss  on  the  part  of  the  other  scholars. 
This  evil  has  been  felt  so  strongly  in  some  of  the  voluntary 
elementary  schools  that  the  managers  have  made  it  a  rule 
not  to  keep  children  whose  parents  allow  them  to  take 
theatrical  engagements. 

It  would  not  1)6  appropriate  on  the  present  occasion  to 
dwell  ui)on  the  moral  and  physical  evils  connected  with  the 
emiiloyment  of  young  children  in  theatres.  We  believe 
them  to  be  at  least  as  important  as  the  educational  evils 


o    55387. 


3M 


452 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION; 


associated  with  it;  but  in  venturing  to  addi-ess  you  we 
do  so  from  the  educational  point  of  view,  only  referring  to 
the  moral  and  physical  objections  to  the  employment  of 
children  in  so  far  as  they  re-act  upon  education. 

We  submit  that  it  was  the  clear  intention  of  Parliament, 
in  passing  the  Elementary  Education  Acts,  to  prohibit  the 
regular  employment  for  wages  of  all  children  under  the  age 
of  10  years.  This  prohibition  is  evaded  when  the  school 
boards  refuse  half-time  to  children  under  10  whose  jiarents 
wish  them  to  accept  theatrical  engagements,  by  removing 
the  children  to  private  adventure  schools,  the  fees  of  which 
are  (nominally  at  least)  above  ninepence  a  week.  ITiese 
schools  are  started  in  the  interests  of  those  who  profit  by 
the  employment  of  the  children,  i.e.,  the  managers  and 
proprietors  of  theatres.  The  amount  of  the  fee  causes  the 
school  not  to  be  a  public  elementary  school  under  the 
meaning  of  the  Act.  The  grant  is  not  claimed,  and  there 
is  no  Government  inspection ;  consequently  there  is  no 
guarantee  for  the  efficiency  of  the  school  or  as  to  the 
number  of  hours  a  day  devoted  to  education.  Children 
removed  from  a  board  school  to  be  placed  in  one  of  these 
schools  have  been  found  at  the  end  of  two  years  to  have 
made  absolutely  no  progress  in  their  education ;  on  their 
return  to  the  board  school  they  have  had  to  be  placed  in 
the  same  standard  in  'I'hich  they  were  when  they  left  it 
two  years  before. 

We  respectfully  urge  that  when  the  Legislature  has  inter- 
fered successfully  with  the  freedom  of  jiarents  to  make 
money  by  their  children's  labour  in  all  industrial  and 
agricultural  pursuits,  it  is  not  too  much  to  ask  that  an 
endeavour  should  be  made  to  check  it  with  regard  to  the 
employment  of  children  in  theatres.  A  child  of  less  than 
10  may  not  be  employed  to  shout  at  crows  in  a  field  or  to 
run  messages  in  a  factory  or  workshop ;  and  young  jiersona 
cannot  be  employed  either  in  agriculture  or  manufactures 
except  \vithin  certain  specified  hours  and  under  certain 
educational  conditions  ;  but  numbers  of  little  children  and 
young  persons  are  emjiloyed  day  after  day  and  night  after 
night  in  the  vitiated  atmosphere  of  a  theatre,  very  often  to 
the  ruin  both  of  their  health  and  education. 

As  Royal  Commissioners  now  engaged  in  inquiring  into 
the  elementary  education  of  the  country,  we  would  respect- 
fully ask  you  to  consider  whether  the  existing  law  does  not 
need  strengthening  so  as  to  expressly  include  the  children 
employed  in  theatres  and  pantomimes  within  the  benefits 
conferred  on  the  rest  of  the  children  of  the  community  by 
the  Factory  and  Workshops  Acts  and  by  the  Acts  regulating 
the  employment  of  children  in  agriculture. 
We  have,  &c., 

Pehcy  William  Bunting, 

Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee. 

MiLLicENT  Garrett  Fawcett, 

For  the  Preventitive  Sub-Committee. 

Ralph  Thicknbsse, 

Honorary  Secretary. 


XCVI. 

Proposed  Alterations  to  be  made  in  the  Code  with 
respect  to  Requirements  in  Arithmetic,  suggested 
by  the  North  Wilts  Association  of  Church  School 
Managers  and  Teachers. 

Infants.  Upper  Division. — Addition  and  subtraction  of 
numbers  up  to  10,  and  writing  out,  from  dictation,  num- 
bers up  to  20. 

Standard  I. — Strike  out  of  the  Instructions  to  Ins])ectors 
the  words  "  but  this  rulevnll  not  apply  if  the  scholarsfail  in 
tabtractinn." 

Standard  II. — As  it  now  is. 

Standard  III.— Strike  out  problems. 

Standard  IV. — "  Compound  rules  (money),"  and  the 
tables  of  common  weights  and  measures.  "  The  tables  to 
be  learnt,  &c.,"  «3  in  the  Code  now. 

Standard  V. — Reduction  of  weights  and  measures, 
practice,  and  bills  of  parcels. 

Standard  VI. — Vulgar  flractions,  proportion  (simple 
and  compound),  and  simple  interest. 

Standard  VII. —  Decimal  fractions,  averages,  and  per- 
centages. 


XCVI  I. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  on  Elementary 
Education. 

Nottingham,  March  4,  1887. 

The  Church  School  Board  of  Nottingham  begs  permis- 
sion respectfully  to  suggest  that — 

[Whereas,  through  drawing  being  made  a  class 
subject,  this  most  important  subject  of  instruction 
is  being  given  uji  by  many  schools  which  are  already 
fined  under  the  \7s.  6d.  limit  [Art.  114  (b)]  ], 

the  following  alteration  should  be  made  in  the  Code  of 

1886  with  regard  to  this  subject,  viz.,  that  "  any  school 
"  may  elect  to  be  examined,  either  for  grants  from  tlie 
"  Science  and  Art  Department,  under  the  Art  Directory, 
"  or  for  grants  from  the  Education  Department  for  a  class 
"  subject  under  the  Code." 

The  words  "for  a  school  year  ending  before  April  1st, 

1887  "  being  omitted. 

W.  Vincent  Jackson,  M.A., 
Hon.  Canon  of  Southwell  and  Vicar 

of  St.  Stephen's,  Nottingham, 
Chairman  of  the  Nottingham  Churcli 
School  Board. 

William  Pope,  M.A., 
Rector  of  St.  Nicholas,  Nottingham, 
Secretary. 


XCVIII. 


Suggestions  made  by  Mr.  Algernon  Foggo,  M.A., 
3,  Chepstow  Place,  T-\vickenham,  formerly  Head  Master 
of  the  High  School,  Bradford,  for  the  Improvement 
of  Primary  Schools. 

1  Abolish  grammar  (except  accidence)  in  all  classes  but 
the  highest. 

Grammar  is  essentially  an  abstract  science,  and  as  such 
unfit  for  young  children. 

As  taught  it  is  fundamentally  erroneous.  It  is  based  on 
definitions  of  the  parts  of  speech  which  are  inaccurate, 
e.g.,  the  current  definition  of  pronoun  is  evidently  no 
definition  at  all,  and  it  involves  gross  error. 

2.  Five  several  purposes  should  be  pursued  in  "  reading," 
but  they  should  be  kept  distinct ;  only  one  of  them  should 
be  pursued  in  the  same  lesson.     They  are  : — 

1.  The  mere  art  of  recognising  words  at  sight  and 

uttering  them  readily. 

2.  Good  vivd  voce  reading. 

3.  Information. 

4.  Cultivation  of  taste. 

5.  Cultivation  of  the  moral  sentiments. 

3.  The  acquisition  of  reading  and  spelling  should  be 
facilitated  for  beginners  by  the  use  of  books  printed,  to 
some  extent,  on  phonetic  princi])les,  e.g.,  the  four  vowel 
sounds  represented  by  a  might  be  indicated  thus  :  biill,  ah, 
at,  bate. 

4.  Poetry  and  other  matter  to  be  learned  by  heart  should 
Jirst  be  heard  recited  by  the  teacher,  not  read  by  the  pupil 
from  the  book  till  afterwards.  The  mere  dead  letter  of  the 
book  conveys  only  a  very  small  portion  oE  the  power  of 
poetry  on  either  mind  or  heart. 

All  teachers  should  have  been  taught  with  great  care  to 
pronounce  and  read  well. 

5.  Science  in  schools  should  be  such  as  may  be  learned 
by  observation,  experiment,  and  reasoning,  the  business  of 
the  teacher  being  to  suggest  and  guide  these  processes  in 
class.  Books  should  be  used  mainly  as  records  of  facts 
reasoned  out  and  taught  orally. 

fi.  Home-work  should  be  time-work  only,  and  of  such 
kinds  only  as  involve  little  or  no  mental  difliculty,  lest 
the  result  in  any  case  should  be  nil  or  greatly  dispropor- 
tioned  to  the  time. 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL.    BEI'ORT. 


*S3 


XCIX. 

Resolution  passed  by  the  Nottingham  and  District 
Certificated  Teachers' Association,  numbering 
250  members,  on  March  7th,  1887. 

Holy  Trinity  Schools,  Nottingham, 
March  7,  1887. 
"That,   in  the  opinion  of  this   meeting,   the   drawing 
"  schedule,   to    be    uracticable,    should    be    considerably 
"  modified  beyond  Standard  III."     We  also  entertain  a 
strong  feeling  that  the  17s.  dd.  limit  is  unjust,  and  should 
be   abolished,   all   schools    being   permitted  to    earn    the 
maximum  grant  offered  by  the  provisions  of  the  Code,  and 
that  the  earnest  consideration  of  the  Royal  Commission 
should  be  directed  to  these  points. 
To  the  Secretary  of  the 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


C. 

Memorial  of  the  Clergy  of  the  Rural  Deanery  of 
Burnley. 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

We  desire,  on  behalf  of  the  clergy  of  the  rural 
deanery  of  Burnley,  in  the  diocese  of  Manchester,  to  submit 
to  your  consideration,  these  facts  : 

Within  the  last  three  years  the  public  elementary  schools 
of  the  Burnley  Union  were  assessed,  for  rating  purposes, 
at  6^  })er  100  children,  according  to  accommodation. 

It  was  ascertained,  by  careful  inquiry,  that  this  was  a  far 
higher  assessment  than  prevailed  in  other  unions  in  Lanca- 
shire, in  some  of  which  schools  were  not  rated  at  all 
(among  these  unions  being  Rochdale,  Bury,  Blackburn, 
and  Chorley),  while  in  others  the  assessment  was  low  and 
varied  as  to  individual  schools,  the  rate  in  Haslingden 
being  9s.  per  100  children  accommodated. 

*  The  result  of  an  appeal  to  the  assessment  committee, 
made  by  the  managers  of  the  schools  in  the  union,  and 
signed  by  the  correspondents  of  46  voluntary  church 
schools,  was  that  the  rate  was  laid  according  to  the 
average  attendance  instead  of  accommodation.  But  the 
liayment  of  rates  still  forms  a  serious  burden  on  the 
schools. 

Voluntary  schools  cannot  be  conducted  with  a  view  to 
the  |)rofit  of  the  managers,  whose  services  are  gratuitous, 
and  they  are  supported  on  grounds  of  public  utility  and 
benefit.  And  we  would  res|)ectfully  submit  to  you  the 
advantage  of  their  being  reheved  altogether  from  the 
obligation  of  contributing  to  the  rates,  which,  by  their 
existence,  they  materially  decrease,  and  >e  earnestly  beg 
you  to  recommend  such  relief. 

A.  Town  LEY  Parker,  M.A., 
Rector  of  Burnley  and 

Rural  Dean. 

Joseph  Mason  Austen,  M.A., 

Vicar  of  Christ  Church,  Colne, 

Secretary  to  the  Chapter  of  the 

To  the  Royal  Rural  Deanery  of  Burnley. 

Commission  on  Education. 


CI. 

Nottingham  School  Board. 

Report  of  the  School  Manage.ment  Committee  as 
to  suggested  Reply  to  the  Royal  Commission  on 
the  working  of  the  Education  Acts  and  the  Code. 
At  the  last  meeting  of  the  board  the  committee  were 
instructed  to  bring  up  suggested  reply  to  the  following 
question  contained  in  circular  B  (1)  from  the  Royal  Com- 
mission on  the  Education  Acts  : — 

"  9.  Have  you  any   observations  to   make  on  the 
working  of  the  Education  Acts  or  of  the  Code  ?" 

The  various  comments  upon  the  working  of  the  Educa- 
tion Acts  and  Code  will  be  best  shown  by  the  following 
suggestions  for  alterations  and  improvements  : — 

1 .  That  all  public  elementary  schools  in  receipt  of  par- 
liamentary grants  shall  be  managed  by  a  school  authority 
elected  by  the  ratepayers. 

2.  That,  whilst  in  ordinary  board  schools  all  denomina- 
tional teaching  and  formuliuries   be  e-\cluded,  in  schools 


k 


*  In  addition  to  ibu  maiuurers  of  the  churcli  schools  the  memorial  to 
the  assessment  oomnutteo  was  signal  by  the  managora  of  38  out  ol  the 
ii  Nonconformist  voluntary  schools  in  the  union. 


now  known  as  denouu national,  no  denouiinalional  teacli- 
iiig  shall  be  given  during  school  hours.  That  the  managers 
of  denominational  schools  shall  have  the  option  of  placing 
those  schools  under  the  school  boards  for  religious  and 
secular  instruction  alike  ;  or  such  managers  shall  be  at 
liberty  to  give  religious  instruction  in  the  buildings  at 
their  own  cost  the  first  three-quarters  of  an  liour  of  each 
school  day  to  children  and  teachers  who  may  voluntarily 
attend.  Attendance  at  such  instruction  not  to  be  a  condi- 
tion of  engagement  or  attendance  at  any  school  under  the 
local  authority.  The  denominational  instruction  not  to  be 
given  by  teachers  of  the  school  who  are  in  the  pay  of  the 
public  authority. 

3.  That,  subject  to  the  above  conditions,  the  fees  of 
children  attending  all  public  elementary  schools  be  paid  by 
the  State. 

4.  That  the  e.\isting  arrangements  as  to  denominational 
training  colleges  are  unsatisfactory,  and  the  Government 
shall  make  ample  provision  for  the  training  of  teachers  in 
undenominational  colleges,  and  for  the  admission  of  can- 
didates strictly  by  merit  and  qualification,  to  be  ascer- 
tained by  Government,  apart  from  the  limitations  of 
college  authorities.  That  training  colleges  be  afiiliated 
with  the  universities. 

5.  'l^at,  independently  of  the  "  standard  "  requirements, 
grants  in  elementary  schools  may  be  earned  in  any  or  all 
of  the  additional  subjects  of  the  Code,  and  in  any  manual 
or  industrial  training  by  children  who  can  reach  those 
subjects  before  the  close  of  their  school  life.  That  all 
children  passing  a  given  standard  shall  be  eligible  for 
attendance,  and  be  entitled  to  claim  free  scholarships  at  a 
secondary  school. 

6.  That  secondary  schools  shall  be  compulsorily  esta- 
blished in  all  large  towns  for  commercial,  scientific,  art, 
and  technical  education  of  scholars  of  ability,  or  who  can 
prolong  their  school  course  ;  and  that  at  such  schools  fees 
shall  be  charged,  subject  to  the  establishment  of  free 
scholarships  for  poor  scholars ;  and  that  such  secondary 
schools  shall  receive  Imperial  as  well  as  municipal  support. 

7.  That,  generally  spe&king,  the  school  age  throughout 
the  country  shall  be  raised,  and  that  the  standard  of  par- 
tial exemption  shall  be  the  fourth. 

8.  That,  at  elections  of  school  boards,  any  elector  may 
vote  for  as  many  candidates  as  there  are  members  to  be 
elected,  but  may  not  record  more  than  one  vote  for  any 
one  candidate.  Candidates  voted  for  by  the  greatest 
number  of  electors  shall  be  elected.  All  candidates  shall 
be  nominated  for  the  whole  school  board  district,  and  not 
for  ward  divisions. 

9.  That  the  duty  now  devolving  upon  school  boards  of 
enforcing  contributions  of  parents  towards  the  maintenance 
of  children  in  day  industrial  schools  be  transferred  to 
boards  of  guardians,  and  that  in  default  power  be  given  to 
a  court  of  summary  jurisdiction  to  make  an  order  on  the 
guardians  for  the  payment  of  the  contribution  for  children 
committed  to  day  industrial  schools,  in  cases  where,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  court,  the  parents  are  unable  to  pay  the 
whole  or  part  of  their  children's  maintenance. 

10.  That,  in  evening  schools,  scholars  who  have  recently 
passed  in  the  standards  be  free  to  take  the  additional 
subjects  alone,  and  that  grants  be  paid  for  passes  in  all 
such  additional  subjects.  Also,  that  evening  scholars  who 
need  to  go  through  the  ordinary  standard  subjects  shall 
have  increased  facilities  for  taking  any  additional  subjects. 
That  a  suecial  evening  school  syllabus  is  required,  allowing 
greater  freedom  to  meet  the  special  requirement  of  locali- 
ties, and  that  attendance  of  children  at  continuation  schools 
shall  be  compulsory  for  four  hours  per  week  until  16  years 
of  age. 

1 1 .  That,  in  day  schools,  a  special  syllabus  is  necessary 
for  half-timers,  who  are  greatly  overpressed  to  do  the  same 
amount  of  work  as  full-timers  (the  needlework  and  gram- 
mar of  Standard  IV.  being  very  excessive),  whilst  at  the 
same  time  the  whole  day  scholars  are  retarded. 

12.  That  greater  liberty  of  classification  of  scholars  and 
choice  of  subjects  of  instruction  be  allowed — teaching  on 
thriift  and  temperance  to  be  made  universal. 

13.  That  the  provision  in  Article  19  (f.)  (b.)  be  abolished, 
that  "if  only  one  class  subject  be  taken,  it  must  be 
English;  if  two  are  taken,  one  of  the  two  must  be 
English." 

[The  requurement  in  this  .\rticle  is  a  hardship  for 
girls  who  frequently  take  only  two  class  subjects, 
thus  e.xciuding  geography,  which  might  with 
advantage  be  substituted  for  grammar.] 


3M  2 


454 


ELEMKNTAEY   KDUCATIOM   ACTS   COMMISSION 


U.  That  the  requirements  of  the  Cede  as  to  needlework 
be  modified. 

Hv.    ASHWELL, 

Chairman . 


Resolutions  carrying  Report. 

1.  "Tliat  the  report  now  submitted  be  received,  and 

that  suggestions  1  to  4,  as  to  conditions  of  free 
education  and  training  of  teachers,  be  adopted." 

2.  "  That  paragraphs  5  to  7,  as  to  higher  instruction  in 

elementary  schools  and  provision  for  deserving 
scholars  in  secondary  schools,  and  suggesting 
lengthened  term  of  school  life  and  standard  of 
partial  exemption,  be  adopted." 

3.  "  That   paragraph   8,  as  to  the  mode  of  voting  at 

school  board  elections,  be  adopted." 

4.  "  Tliat  clause  9,  as  to  parents'  contributions  towards 

the  cost  of  maintaining  children  in  day  industrial 
schools  being  enforced  or  defrayed  by  boards  of 
guardians,  be  adopted." 
Ct.  "Tl\at  clause  10,  as  to  evening  continuation  schools, 
and  paragraplis  11  to  14  setting  forth  proposed 
Code  modifications,  be  aporoved  and  adopted." 


CII. 

Memokial  from  Mr.  R.  R.  Guev,  Head  Master  of 
the  Grammar  School,  Rochdale,  to  the  MEMnKUS  of 
the  Royal  Commission  on  the  Working  of  the 
Elementary  Education  Acts. 

Rochdale, 
My  Lords  and  G-entlemen,  March  21,  188". 

I  iiu.MiiLY  beg  leave  to  lay  before  you  the  following 
statement  with  reference  to  the  results  of  the  opening  of 
a  "  Higher  Grade "  school  1)y  tha  Rochdale  School 
Board. 

This  action  on  their  part  was  due  (1)  to  an  agitation 
persistently  kept  up  by  means  of  letters  in  the  local  news- 
papers, written  by  a  few  persons  who  wished  to  get  their 
children  educated  cheaply,  and  yet  to  avoid  the  vulgar 
associations  of  the  common  elementary  schools ;  and  (2)  to 
a  gift  of  1,000?.,  \00l.  a  year  for  ten  years,  received  by  the 
Board  from  the  late  Mr.  AVatson,  M.P.,  for  the  Ilkestone 
Division  of  Derbyshire,  and  at  that  time  a  member  of  the 
Board,  to  enable  poor  scholars  attending  board  schools  to 
obtain  a  higher  education  than  would  without  such 
assistance  be  within  their  reach. 

The  term  "  higher  education,"  here  used,  was  at  first 
supposed  to  mean  education  of  a  higher  character  than  that 
which  is  prescribed  in  the  Education  Code,  such  as  is  given 
in  grammar  or  other  efficient  middle-class  schools,  and  is 
indicated  by  the  standards  fixed  for  the  University  Local 
Examinations.  The  majority  of  the  Board,  however, 
interpreted  the  expression  to  mean  the  higher  standards  of 
the  Code,  plus  one  or  more  of  the  subjects  included  in  the 
syllabus  of  the  Department  of  Science  and  Art.  Instead  of 
drafting  off  successful  candidates  to  higher  schools,  they 
retained  them  in  their  own  ;  and,  as  soon  as  possible, 
erected  at  the  expense  of  the  ratepayers,  what  is  called  the 
"  Higher  Grade  "  School,  to  which  they  removed  those 
scholars  who  had  jjassed  the  Fourth  Standard,  and  whoso 
parents  were  able  to  pay  a  weekly  attendance  fee  of  nine- 
pence. 

It  was  soon  seen,  however,  that  the  new  institution 
served  not  only  for  instruction  in  the  higher  standards, 
but  also  for  the  use  and  convenience  of  a  higher  grade  of 
people  than  those  in  whose  interests  the  Elementary 
Education  Acts  were  framed.  People  of  the  ])rofessional 
and  commercial  classes  have  learned  to  believe  that  the 
instruction  there  given  is  equal  or  superior  to  that  which 
they  had  been  accustomed  to  pay  six  to  twelve  guineas  a 
year  for  ;  and  are  not  generally  avtare  that  it  consists  of 
annual  courses  of  severe  "  cram,"  in  which  the  memory  is 
overtaxed,  the  understanding  neglected,  and  the  attention 
confined  within  the  limits  of  the  next  examination,  with 
the  sole  object  of  passing  it,  and  earning  good  "results," 
i.e.,  grants. 

This  assumption,  by  the  School  Board,  of  the  education 
of  the  children  of  parents  in  good  circumstances  has  had 
the  following  consequences  : — 

1.  The  middle-class  schools  of  the  town,  previously 
self-supporting,  and  proved  to  be  efficient  by  public  tests, 
have  been   unable    to  compete    successfully    with    their 


bounty-aided  rival,  and  have  been  brought  to  ruin  or  the 
verge  of  ruin.  One  was  closed  a  year  ago  ;  another,  the 
High  School,  established  seven  years  ago  under  a  "  limited  " 
company,  ])ossessed  of  powerful  influence,  fees  12  to  20 
guineas  per  annum,  is  in  liquidation;  and  the  rest  are 
struggling  for  bare  existence. 

2.  Middle-  class  people  have  learned  to  justify  their  thus 
becoming  a  burden  upon  the  rates  and  taxes,  by  an 
argument  which  would  be  equally  applicable,  but  which 
they  would  be  ashamed  to  use,  with  reference  to  the  poor 
rate,  viz.,  that  as  they  contribute  their  share  to  the  rates 
and  taxes  they  have  a  right  to  share  personally  and 
individually  in  the  benefits  procured  through  them. 

3.  The  regulation  by  which  the  Department  of  Science 
and  Art  sought  to  prevent  the  grants  from  falling  into  the 
hands  of  those  who  did  not  need  such  aid  is  evaded.  {See 
Science  Directory,  XLIL,  iii.)  Contrary  to  the  evident 
intention  of  the  paragraph,  scholars  can  earn  grants  under 
sub-section  {d.)  who  would  be  excluded  under  any  of  the 
other  sub-sections. 

4.  Children  who  have  passed  Standard  IV.,  and  whose 
parents  cannot  afford  to  pay  a  fee  of  !)(/.  a  week,  either  go 
off  to  labour  sooner  than  they  would  otherwise  have 
done  or  they  linger  on  in  the  same  school,  where,  in 
conseijuence  of  their  being  greatly  reduced  in  number, 
it  is  scarcely  possible  for  them  to  receive  efficient  instruc- 
tion consistently  witli  economy. 

5.  The  Watson  Scholarships  before-mentioned,  have 
been  for  the  most  i)art  monoijolised  by  candidates  of  a 
higher  class  from  the  Higher  Grade  School,  eligible  candi- 
dates from  the  other  schools  being  few  in  number,  jjlaced 
at  considerable  disadvantage,  and  discouraged  on  account 
of  the  supposed  superiority  of  their  more  favoured  rivals. 
Before  his  death  Mr.  Watson  perceived  this  evil  and  took 
steps  to  check  it. 

6.  The  ranks  of  the  non-producing  or  merely  distributive 
portions  of  the  community,  already  too  numerous  to  find 
adequate  employment  and  subsistence,  are  being  continually 
augmented  by  an  excessive  "  out-put "  of  clerks,  office 
boys,  and  others  who  have  acquired  a  taste  for  employ- 
ment that  is  "  light  and  genteel,"  and  an  aversion  to 
bodily  labour  and  hard  or  dirty  hands. 

These  evils  would  i)robably  be  in  great  measure  obviated 
if  all  scholars  of  the  class  for  whose  benefit  the  Education 
Acts  were  originally  intended  were  admitted  to  the  Higher 
Grade  School  at  same  fee  as  that  which  is  usually  charged 
at  those  of  the  lower  grade. 

With  sjjecial  reference  to  this,  the  Grammar  School, 
may  I  briefly  state  that,  25  years  ago,  I  found  it  in  a  very 
low  state,  both  as  to  finances  and  attainments ;  that 
through  i)atient  labour  and  adaptation  of  its  curriculum 
to  the  standard  of  the  local  examinations,  it  was  gradually 
raised  to  so  considerable  a  degree  of  prosperity  as  to 
provoke  the  competition  which  took  the  form  of  the  High 
School.  Now,  through  what  I  believe  to  be  a  misapplica- 
tion of  public  money,  both  are  blighted ;  the  latter  is 
expiring,  the  former  is  in  imminent  danger  of-  a  similar 
fate,  and  I,  like  my  fellow-workers,  am  reduced  to  great 
poverty,  through  the  loss  of  the  means  of  living. 

I  am,  &c. 
Egbert  Ralph  Grey. 


CIII. 

Suggestions  made  by  the  Macclesfield  School 
Board. 

Sib,     ^  March  23,  1887. 

The  school  board  for  the  borough  of  Macclesfield, 
in  the  county  of  Chester,  begs  most  respectfully  to  place 
before  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education,  a  recom- 
mendation in  favour  of  the  withdrawal  of  Article  114  of 
the  new  Code,  which  limits  the  amount  of  grant  to  a 
public  elementary  school. 

The  article  referred  to  is  as  follows  : — 

"114.  The  total  annual  grant,  exclusive  of  any  special 
grant  made  under  Articles  1 1 1  and  112  may  not  exceed  the 
greater  of  the  two  sums  named  below,  viz. : — 

(a.)  A  sum  equal  to  17s.  6d.  for  each  unit  of  average 
attendance^; 

(6.)  The  total  incbme  (Article  9.9)  of  the  school  from  all 
sources  whatever,  other  than  the  grant,  and  from 
any  special  grant  made  under  Article  112  {see 
Elementary  Education  Act,  187C,  sees.  18  and 
19.)." 

In  supporting  those  school  boards  and  other  public 
bodies  that  have  appealed  to  the  Royal  Commissioners  on 


I 


APl'liNDIXKS   TO    I'lNAIi    REPORT. 


455 


this  matter,  tlie  Macclesfield  School  Board  is  unanimous  in 
its  vote  ;  and  whilst  being-  excluded,  by  comparative 
smallness  of  population,  fnim  the  list  of  local  authorities, 
from  which  evidence  or  recaniriiendations  may  lie  sought 
by  the  Commission,  the  board  humbly  begs  to  tender  its 
opinion  in  support  of  the  abolition  of  the  article  referred  to 
on  the  following  grounds,  viz.  : — 
Its  tendency  is — 

1 .  To  destroy  the  incentives  of  those  who  have  charge  of 

the  education  of  children  to  make  their  best  efforts, 
because  of  the  knowledge  that,  by  reason  of  a 
possible  disability  through  a  small  income  from 
sources  other  than  the  grant,  they  could  not 
receive  all  they  earn  ;  and  as  a  result  the  children 
suffer  in  the  quality  and  amount  of  education  they 
receive. 

2.  To  hinder  seriously  the  work  of  Incal  authorities  in 

enforcing  regularity  of  attendance,  because  of  the 
school  income  being  materially  affected  by  arrears 
of  payment  of  fees,  resulting  in  children  being  sent 
home  as  a  last  resort,  and  the  consequent  loss  of 
grant  to  the  school  on  the  average  attendance,  and 
the  further  loss  of  education  to  the  child. 

3.  To  affect  injuriously  schools   that   are   attended   by 

children   receiving    payment   of    school    fees   from 
boards  of  guardians,  because  the  nominal  fee  pay- 
able  as   a   maximum   by  the   guardians    (namely, 
threepence  per  week  per  child)  is,  in  the  majority  of 
cases,  smaller  than  the  ordinai'y  rate  of  fees  charged. 
The  difference  or  loss  in  the  yearly  amount  received 
thus   reducing  the  school  income,   with   the   pro- 
bability of  bringing  it  below  the  limit  which  entitles 
the  school  to  the  full  amount  of  grant  earned. 
With  these  views  the  Macclesfield  School  Hoard  would 
earnestly  jjlace  before  the  Royal  Commission  its  respectful 
suggestion  in  the  hope  that  the  same  may  add  to  the 
weight  of  public  opinion  already  expressfd. 

We  have  the  honour  to  be.  Sir, 
On  behalf  of  the  Macclesfield  School  Board, 
Your  most  obedient  servants, 
E.  C.  Turner, 

Chairman. 
Peter  J.  Eaton, 

Vice-Chairman. 
PuiLMER  Eves, 
F.  Cavendish-Bentinck,  Esq.,  Clerk. 

Secretary,  Royal  (Commission 
on  Education, 

(i.  Old  I'alace  Yard, 
London,  S.W. 


CIV. 
The   Me.vioriai.    of    the    several   School    Boards    of 

YsTRADYFOmVG,  LlaNWONNO,         LlANTRISANT, 

Li-antwit-Varorb,  and   Eglwysii.an,   all  in  the 
county  of  Glamorgan. 

Humbly  Sukweth, 

That  in  order  to  avoid  deductions  of  grant  under 
Article  114  of  the  Education  Code,  your  memorialists 
respectfully  and  specially  call  the  attention  of  your  honour- 
able Commission,  to  the  wording  of  section  20  of  the 
Elementary  Education  .Act.  \S7C),  and  of  Article  99  of  the 
Education  Code,  which  define  income  and  expenditure  to 
obtain  Parliamentary  grants. 

1.  Section  20.— The  conditions  required  to  be  fulfilled  by 

schools  in  order  to  obtain  annual  Parliamentary 
grants,  shall  provide  that  the  income  shall  be  applied 
only  for  the  purpose  of  public  elementary  schools. 

2.  Article  99  of  the  Code  is  held  by  the  Education  De- 

partment to  allow  the  school  accounts  to  include 
part  of  the  salary  of  an  organising  teacher,  &c. 
Your  memorialists  respectfully  submit  that  before  justice 
is  done  to  board  schools,  Article  99  should  be  amended  .xo 
as  to  include  cost  of  administration  and  interest  of  loans. 
It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that  if  a  school  board  rent  a  school 
building  from  a  private  firm,  as  for  instance,  the  Llan- 
wonno  School  Board  rented  a  school  erected  by  Messrs. 
Vixon  and  Co.,  of  Mountain  Ash,  in  the  parish  of  Llan- 
wonno  at  a  rental  of  45/.  per  annum,  this  sum  the  board 
was  allowed  to  include  in  this  expenditure  of  the  school. 
The  board  has  now  purchased  the  school  building,  and  the 
interest  upon  the  loan  amounts  to  :i5l.  for  the  first  year, 
vet  this  an  cle  does  not  allow  this  interest  to  be  included 
as  rent,  and  the  chances  are  now  that  a  deduction  of  grant 
will  arise  under  Article  114  of  the  Code.  School  boards 
by  this  article  are  placed  in  a  very  anomalous  jwsition,  and 


a  premium  placed  upon  renting  schools  in  place  of  building 
schools,  as  building  schools  leads  to  a  reduction  of  grant. 
Agam,  school  boards  fail  to  see  why  the  salaries  of  officials 
who  are  really  an  absolute  necessity  for  the  administration 
ot  the  Acts  should  not  be  included.  Unless  those  officials 
were  appomted  as  well  as  the  school  teachers  the  Acts 
could  not  be  carried  out,  therefore  expenditure  under  this 
head  should  be  mcluded  in  the  maintenance  of  schools. 

Your  memorialists  beg  to  call  your  attention  more 
especially  to  Article  99  of  tlie  Code,  and  trust  that  when 
your  report  is  submitted  to  Parliament  that  a  recommenda- 
tion to  amend  this  article  will  be  contained  therein. 

Your  memorialists  beg  to  draw  your  attention  as  well  to 
the  appomtment  of  returning  officers  at  school  boaro  elec- 
tions, and  urge  upon  your  commissioners  the  desu-ability  of 
appointing  clerks  to  the  respective  boards  returning  officers 
in  jilace  of  clerks  to  the  union  of  the  parishes. 
David  Ros.ser, 

Clerk,  Ystradyfodwg  School  Board. 
H.  S.  Davies, 

Clerk,  Llantwit-Vardre  School  Board. 
Samuel  Shipton, 

Clerk,  Llanwonno  School  Board. 
William  John, 

Clerk.  Llantrisant  School  Board. 
Thomas  Thomas, 

Clerk,  Eglwysilan  School  Board. 


CV. 
Lrtter  from  the  Hon.  Maude  Stanley. 

40,  Dover  Street, 
Sib,  March  31,  ;8S;. 

I  understand  that  you  will  receive  evidence  before 
your  Commission  in  respect  of  the  employment  of  children 
in  theatres,  and  as  to  the  harm  this  does  them, 

I  should  like  to  tell  you  from  my  own  experience 
amongst  working  girls  in  our  Soho  club  during  the  past 
seven  years  (we  have  150  on  our  books).  Now  no  ill  effects 
have  resulted  from  the  employment  of  children  at  the 
pantomimes  in  London  or  winter  performances  at  the 
Crystal  Palace. 

1  am  personally  acquainted  with  17  girls  who  have  been 
on  the  stage  as  children,  some  of  these  girls  are  the  very 
best  of  our  club  members,  they  have  been  elected  by  their 
comjjanions  to  serve  on  the  club  committee,  and  by  their 
excellent  conduct  and  refined  manners,  are  a  pattern  to  the 
other  girls.  Their  education  was  also  not  neglected,  as  on 
leaving  school  most  had  passed  the  Fifth  and  Sixth 
Standards. 

I  do  not  recommend  children  to  go  on  the  stage,  and  I 
urge  strongly  on  girls  not  to  take  to  acting  as  a  profession  ; 
but  I  have  seen  no  harm  come  of  children's  performances, 
and  the  money  paid  for  their  services  has  often  been  of 
great  value  in  a  poor  and  large  family. 

I  have,  during  the  17  years  I  have  worked  in  Soho,  known 
many  girls  and  some  children  who  have  lost  their  characters 
and  taken  to  an  immoral  life ;  but  in  no  instance  have  I 
found  its  the  result  of  theatrical  engagements  in  child- 
hood. 

Should  you  care  to  see  me  before  your  Commission, 
I  should  be  willing  to  attend,  and  were  it  thought  well, 
bring  with  mc  a  girl  of  our  club,  now  22  years  of  age,  who 
was  on  the  stage  from  9  to  13,  and  her  sister  was  acting 
from  5  to  9  years  old. 

I  remain,  &c. 
To  the  Secretary  of  the  Maude  Stanley. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CVI. 

Letter  from  the  Clerk  to  the  School  Board  for 
London. 

Victoria  Embankment,  W.C., 
Sib.  April  2nd,  1887. 

The  attention  of  the  School  Board  for  London  has 
been  called  to  the  great  inconvenience  that  arises  through 
the  long  interval  that  occurs  between  the  time  when  the 
examination  of  pupil-teachers  is  held  and  when  the  results 
are  communicated  to  the  Board,  pupil-teachers  having,  in 
some  instances,  sat  at  the  second  examination  before  the 
results  of  the  first  examination  have  been  known. 


456 


ELBMKNTARY    EDUCATION   ACTS   COM.MIHSION ; 


I  am  directed  by  the  Board  to  call  the  attention  of  the 
Royal  Commission  on  the  Education  Acts  to  this  matter, 
with  a  view  to  the  obviating  of  such  delay  in  the  future. 
I  have,  &c. 

G.  H.  Croad, 
To  the  Secretary,  Clerk  to  the  Board. 

Boyal  Commission  on  the 
Education  Acts, 
8,  Richmond  Terrace, 
WhitehaU,  S.W. 


CVII. 

Copy  of  Resolutions  passed  at  the  Annual  Meeting  of 
the  Association  of  Church  of  England  School 
Managers  and  Teachers  for  the  Deaneries  of 
Frome  and  Midsomer  Norton  (Somerset),  in  connec- 
tion with  the  General  Association  of  Church 
School  Managers  and  Teachers,  held  on  No- 
vember 20th,  1886. 
"  That  a  larger  portion  of  the  grant  he  given  for  attend- 
ance, and  less  for  the  results  of  the  examination." 

"  That  the  needs  of  small  schools  urgently  require  that 
by  some  system  of  graduated  payment,  or  otherwise,  the 
unit  of  fixed  grant  be  varied  according  to  the  numbers  in 
average  attendance." 


CVIII. 

Bbsolution  unanimously  passed  by  the  Liverpool 
Board  of  Education. 

"  Seeing  the  great  measure  of  success  which,  where 
adopted,  has  attended  the  collective  class  instruction  of 
pupil-teachers  in  supplement  to  that  of  the  head  teachers 
of  their  several  schools,  and  the  fact  that  the  better  train- 
ing and  instruction  of  teachers  is  of  national  not  less  than 
of  local  importance,  this  board  desires  respectfully  to  urge 
on  the  Royal  Commission  : — 

"  That  the  better  training  and  teaching  of  pupil- 
teachers  should  be  generally  encouraged  by  liberal 
Imperial  grants  to  be  employed  for  that  purpose 
in  such  manner  as  the  Education  Department  may, 
after  careful  consideration,  deem  to  be  most  expe- 
dient. 

"  It  is  desired,  however,  that  it  should  be  under- 
stood that  this  much  needed  supplementary  class 
instruction  is  not  to  be  permitted  to  relieve  the 
head  teachers  of  the  several  schools  from  their  present 
personal  responsibility,  but  rather  to  aid  them  in 
the  instruction  and  training  of  their  pupil-teachers.'" 

J.  C.  Liverpool. 
Liverpool,  11th  February,  1887. 


3.  That  the  law  having  ])rovided  that  parents  who  apply 
for  payment  of  fees  shall  not  thereby  be  deemed  paupers, 
it  should  further  be  enacted  that  in  no  case  should  the 
relieving  officers  be  employed  to  visit  the  houses,  or  make 
the  inquiries  as  to  the  applicants. 

4.  That  section  10  of  the  Education  Act  (1876)  is  acting 
prejudicially  to  the  work  of  education,  and  especially  as 
regards  voluntary  schools.  Its  operation  may  be  clearly 
seen  by  the  following  statistics  so  far  as  the  borough  of 
Nottingham  is  concerned. 

In  the  board  schools  there  are  21,470  children,  out  of 
which  number  -1,135  have  their  fees  remitted  by  the  school 
board,  or  about  every  fifth  child. 

In  the  voluntary  schools  there  are  17,644  children,  out 
of  which  number  781  only  have  their  fees  paid  by  the 
guardians  or  about  every  twenty-second  child. 

The  children  are  of  the  same  class,  and  the  disparity  in 
the  number  of  children  whose  fees  are  remitted  or  paid  is 
caused  by  the  severity  of  the  action  of  the  guardians,  and 
the  offensive  visits  of  the  relieving  officers.  The  consciences 
of  parents  are  being  violated  by  their  children  being  forced 
out  of  the  voluntary  into  the  board  schools  through 
poverty. 

5.  That  it  is  urgently  necessary  that  the  present  injustice 
and  inequality  should  be  removed  by  new  legislation. 
That  copies  of  the  above  resolutions  be  signed  by  the 
chairman  of  the  board  and  forwarded  to — 

The  Royal  Commission  on  Education. 
The  Education  Department. 
E.  H.  Llewellyn,  Esq.,  M.P. 
H.  Broadhurst,  Esq.,  M.P. 
Arnold  Morley,  Esq.,  M.P. 
Henry  Smith  Wright,  Esq.,  M.P. 

\V.  Vincent  Jackson,  M.A. 
Chairman  of  the  Nottingham  Church 
April  5,  1887.  School  Board. 


CIX. 

A  Resolution  passed  at  a  Meeting  of  the  National 
Schools'  Committee  op  Preston  for  the  con- 
sideration of  the  Education  Commission. 

"  That  this  meeting  of  school  managers  urges  upon  the 
Boyal  Commissioners : — 

"  I.  The  hardship  which  is  entailed  upon  voluntary 

schools  by  Art.  114  of  the  Code. 
"  II.  That  the  payment  of  school  fees  be  put  into  the 
hands  of  the  School  Attendance  Committee." 
Jambs  Pimblett, 

Hon.  Secretary. 


ex. 

At  a  Meeting  of  the  Nottingham  CHtrncH  School 
Board,  it  was  resolved  : — 

1.  That  greater  facilities  should  be  allowed  for  the 
remission  or  payment  of  school  fees  for  children  whose 
parents  are  too  poor  to  pay  them. 

2.  That  all  applicants  should  be  dealt  with  by  the  same 
authority,  whether  the  children  are  attending  voluntary  or 
board  scnools,  provided  that  the  schools  are  under  Govern- 
ment inspection. 


CXI. 

BiRTLKY. 

Chester-le- Street,  Durham, 
April  20,  1887. 
Re  "  The  Wrekenton  Roman   Catholic  Certified  Efficient 
School  "  to  tlie  Chairman  of  the  Royal  Commission  on 
Education. 

My  Lord, 

The  undersigned,  in  the  name,  and  in  behalf  of  the 
managers  of  the  Wrekenton  Roman  Catholic  Certified 
Efficient  School,  in  the  county  of  Durham,  begs  with  deep 
respect  to  be  allowed  to  bring  under  your  Lordship's 
notice,  and  that  of  the  members  of  the  Royal  Commission 
on  Education  the  following  facts;  viz., 

1.  The  Gateshead  School  Board  have,  within  a  decade 

and  a  half  of  years,  incurred  a  debt  of  73,713/.  lis. 
thereby  burdening  the  ratepayers  with  a  school  board 
rate  of  Is.  in  the  £. 

2.  The  Gateshead  School  Board  have,  for  three  years, 

with  persistent  and  flagrant  injustice,  opposed  the 
Wrekenton  Roman  Catholic  Certified  Efiicient 
School  as  "  unnecessary,"  and  have'prcvented  it  from 
obtaining  a  share  in  the  annual  grants,  notwith- 
standing that  it  fulfils  all  the  conditions  laid  down 
in  the  Code. 

3.  The   Gateshead  School  Board,  whilst  continuing  to 

oppose  the  Wrekenton  Roman  Catholic   Certified 
Efficient  School  as  "  unnecessary,"  are  actually  at 
this  moment  arranging  to  build,  at  the  public  cost, 
a  new  board  school  for  1,000  children,  besides  making 
extensive  additions  to  existing  schools,  in  the  very 
district   where   they   deem   the  Wrekenton  Roman 
Catholic   Certified  Efficient  School  to  be  an   "  un- 
necessary "  school. 
The  managers  of  the  Wrekenton  Roinan  Catholic  Cer- 
tified   Efficient    School  consider   it   only   fair    and   just, 
that,  in  accordance  with  the  Act  of  1873,  all  the  available 
elementary  school  accommodation  of  a  district  should  first 
be  reckoned  and  be  treated  as  "  necessary,"  before  school 
boards  are  allowed  to  add  to  the  burden  of  the  ratepayers 
by  the  building  of  new,  or  the  enlarging  of  existing,  board 
schools. 

I  have,  &c., 
(Signed)        W.  W.  Phillipson, 
The  Chairman,  Corresponding  Manager. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


APPENB1XE8   TO   FINAL   KEPORT. 


457 


CXII. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  on  Elementary 
Education. 

Leeds,  April  21,  1887. 
The  memorial  of  the  Council  of  the  Yorkshire  College 
respectfully  showeth  that — 

Whereas  among  the  matters  referred  to  your  Commission 
for  inquiry  is  the  establishment  of  day  training  colleges  (as 
in  Scotland) :  And  whereas  the  Yorkshire  College  has  been 
established  to  promote  the  education  of  persons  of  both 
sexes,  who  are  at  the  present  time  instructed  by  the 
college  in  most  of  the  subjects  necessary  in  the  training 
of  elementary  teachers,  and  provision  could  also  be  made 
for  instruction  in  the  remaining  subjects  essential  to  such 
training.  Your  memorialists  desire  to  bring  to  the  notice 
of  your  Commission  the  ability  of  this  college  to  instruct 
and  train  elementary  teachers,  and  express  tlie  hope  that 
in  any  new  scheme  this,  along  with  other  similar  colleges 
in  England  and  Wales,  may  be  recognised,  and  may 
receive  Government  grants  for  the  training  of  teachers,  in 
the  same  way  as  the  non-residential  colleges  in  Scotland. 

Your  memorialists  invite  your  attention  to  the  following 
statement,  and  will  be  glad  to  supplement  the  same  by 
oral  evidence,  if  your  Commission  should  so  desire: — 
The  Yorkshire  College  was  established  in  1874  as   a 
"  College  of  Science,"  pure  and  applied,  with  special 
regard  to  technical  training,  but  very  soon  after  its 
foundation  the  scope  of  its  teaching  was  extended  to 
include  a  more  general  higher  education  in  languages, 
history,   and   mental   and   moral   science,   and   other 
scientific  and  technical  teaching  not  included  in  the 
original  scheme  has  been  added. 
The   work   of    the   college   has   been   carried   on   with 
conspicuous  success,  and  in  the  last  session  (1885-86) 
716  students  attended  the  day  classes,  and  320  the 
evening  classes.      Among   these  were   139  assistant 
teachers,  acting  in  elementary  schools  in  Leeds  and 
the    neighbourhood,   who    attended    classes    on    the 
subjects  required  in  the  Government  examination  for 
certificates. 
The  buildings  of  the  college,  with  scientific  equipment 
and   other  teaching  appliances,  represent    a    capital 
expenditure  of  95,000/.,  and  the  present  endowment 
fund  of  the  college  exceeds  42,000i. 
The  Yorkshire  College  is  named  in  the  charter  of  the 
Victoria  University,  and  application  has  been  made 
for  its  admission  as  a  college  of  the  university ;  and 
your  memorialists  have  good  reason  to  hope  that  this 
application  will  be  favourably  received. 
Of   the    subjects    in    which    elementary    teachers    are 
examined  for  certificates  under  the  Education  Depart- 
ment there  are  at  present  taught  in  this  college  the 
following  :— Mathematics,  English,  history,  geography, 
logi(!  and  the  elements  of  mental  and  moral  science, 
the    various    experimental    sciences,    Latin,    French, 
Greek;  and  your  memorialists  are  prepared,  if  this 
college  is  recognised  and  receives  payment  as  a  day 
college   for  the   training   of  elementary  teachers,  to 
provide  instruction  in  the  other  subjects  in  which  it 
is  given  in  the  existing  residential  training  colleges. 
There  are  adjacent   to   this  college  several   elementary 
schools  well  adapted  for  use  as  practising  schools,  and 
your  memorialists  have  reason  to  believe  that  there 
would    be    no    difficulty   in    making    the    necessary 
arrangements  with  the  managers. 
Your  memorialists  suggest   that   the   qualifications  re- 
quired from  teachers  for  a  Government  certificate,  equal 
in  value  to  that  granted  at  the  close  of  the  second  year's 
training  in  residential  training  colleges,  should  be  (1)  at- 
tendance during  two   years   U|)on  a  prescribed  course  of 
study  at  the  Yorkshire  College;   (2)  the  passing  of  the 
Victoria   University   examinations,   so    far    as    these    are 
ai)plicable  to  their  courses  of  studv ;  (3)  the  passing  of  a 
special  examination  in  school  methods  and  management, 
and  the  remaining  non-University  subjects. 

Your  memorialists  are  prepated  to  undertake  the  trammg 
of  at  least  30  or  40  elementary  teachers,  divided  in  aI)out 
equal  classes  of  the  first  and  second  year,  and  in  about 
equal  numbers  of  males  and  females,  on  condition  of  a 
payment  of  KH)/.  for  each  male  and  /O/.  for  each  female 
teacher,  such  payment  to  be  apportioned  to  the  college  in 
discharge  of  fees  for  the  instruction  given,  and  to  the 
students  as  scholarships  or  bursaries  to  meet  the  cost  of 
their  maintenance. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Council, 

John  Marshall, 
The  Yorkshire  College,  Chairman. 

Leeds. 


CXIIL 

From  the  Rbv.  J.  G.  Hoare,  Vicar  of  St.  Dunstan's, 

Canterbury. 

April  29,  1887. 

I  am  anxious  to  lay  before  the  members  of  the 
Education  Commission,  if  they  will  kindly  permit  me  to  do 
so,  the  extreme  hardship  suffered  by  schools  under  the 
present  system  of  payment  on  the  average  attendance  in 
case  of  some  epidemic  in  the  schools. 

For  example,  the  mum])s  are  at  present  prevalent  in 
this  parish.  In  consequence  the  attendance  has  of  neces- 
sity fallen  very  considerably  in  all  three  schools.  The 
result  of  this  must  be  that  however  well  the  schools  do  in 
the  examination  we  must  lose  at  least  8/.  to  10/.  of  the 
grant  which  we  might  reasonably  expect  to  earn.  This 
will  be  through  no  fault  of  anyone's,  but  simply  because 
for  some  four  or  five  weeks  a  great  many  children  are  kept 
away  by  sickness. 

On  the  other  hand  the  risk  of  failure  is  considerably  in- 
creased, inasmuch  as  many  children  are  necessarily  kept 
away  from  school  for  some  time,  and  yet  they  must  be 
presented.  It  is  impossible  to  put  down  20  or  .30  for 
exemption  on  such  a  ground.  The  old  system  by  which 
only  those  children  who  were  present  250  times  were  pre- 
sented was  really  much  fairer.  An  epidemic  of  whooping- 
cough,  which  lasts  much  longer,  produces  worse  results. 

1  have  no  doubt  that  the  attention  of  the  Commission 
has  already  been  called  to  these  facts,  but  as  they  press 
heavily  on  a  school,  to  which  10/.  is  an  important  item,  I 
shall  be  grateful  if  they  will  take  them  into  consideration. 


CXIV. 

Tlie  Religious  Education  Union, 
13,  Carlton  Road,  KUbum, 
London,  N.W., 
Gentlemen,  _  _         May  7,  1887. 

This  union  is  working  in  the  interests  of  education 
in  its  truest  sense. 

By  prayer,  alms,  and  mutual  co-operation,  it  seeks  to 
preserve  to  the  children  of  this  country  those  voluntary 
schools,  which  have  done  so  noble  a  work  in  the  past,  and 
which,  if  treated  with  fairness  and  justice,  are  capable  of 
doing  even  a  greater  work  in  the  future. 

We  are  constantly  in  receipt  of  letters  from  managers 
of  church  schools  in  all  parts  of  England,  and  are  in  a 
position  to  state  that  they  feel  acutely  the  hard  and  unfair 
measure  meted  out  to  their  schools. 

With  deep  respect,  they  venture  to  represent : — 
(1.)  That  more  than  half  the  children  of  England  under 
elementary  instruction  are  in  the  voluntary  schools. 
(2.)  That  the  education  given  in  the  voluntary  schools 
is  identical  with    that  given    in    the   State-aided 
schools.    They  both  work  under  the  same  Code,  are 
subject    to  the   same   inspection,   are  expected  to 
attain  the  same  standard  of  proficiency. 
(3.)  That  the  voluntary  schools  are  appreciated  by  the 
working  classes,  who  almost  invariably  choose  them 
in  preference  to  the  board  school  when  the  option 
is  given  them. 
This    being    so,  the    managers    of   voluntary    schools 
desire  to  protest  against  the  injustice  of  excluding  their 
schools  from  all  share  in  the  education  rate,  and  bestowing 
that  rate  exclusively  on  one  section  of  the  educationists 
of  England,  and  that  not  the  largest  section. 

And  they  humbly  pray  that  you  will  take  these  facts 
into  consideration,  and  recommend  that  steps  be  imme- 
diately taken  to  amend  the  existing  law,  and  so  to  adjust 
matters  that  the  voluntary  schools  may  receive  the  recog- 
nition  which  they  are  entitled  to. 
ITiey  venture  humbly  to  suggest,  either 
I'hat  the  rates  be  in  future  fairly  and  equally  divided 
between  all  pubhc  elementary  schools ;  or 

That  those  ratepayers  who  prefer  to  support  voluntary 
schools  may  be  exempted  from  the  education  rate  upon 
giving  satisfactory  evidence  that  they  contribute  an  equal 
sum  in  aid  of  a  public  elementary  voluntary  school. 
I  have,  &c. 

Frances  Ashdown, 
Secretary  of  the 
Religious  Education  Union. 
To  the  Members  of  the 

Commiwion  on  Education. 


*SH 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION: 


cxv. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  on  Elementary 
Education. 

ITie  Memorial  of  the  School  Board  for  the  Borough 
of  Leeds. 

Respectfully  Sheweth, 

1.  That  at  the  present  time  the  training  colleges  for 
teachers,  already  established  in  England  and  AValcs,  are 
unequal  to  the  supply  of  a  sufficient  number  of  trained 
teachers,  to  provide  for  the  general  employment  of  such 
teachers  only,  in  public  elementary  schools. 

2.  That  as  the  large  majority  of  the  existing  training 
colleges  are  of  a  denominational  character,  they  may  not 
be  regarded  as  suitable  to  them,  by  a  considerable  number 
of  those  who  are  desirous  of  becoming  teachers  in  public 
elementary  schools. 

3.  That  a  large  number  of  highly  qualified  young 
persons,  who  would  not  be  liliely  to  leave  home  to  enter 
boarding  training  colleges,  would  be  willing  and  even 
anxious  to  enter  the  teaching  profession,  if  institutions  at 
which  they  could  qualify  themselves  existed  within  reach 
of  their  hotr.es. 

4.  That  at  the  present  time  there  are  90  ex-pupil-teachers 
holding  assistantships  in  the  schools  of  the  board  who  are 
preiaring  for  the  examination  for  certificates,  by  attending 
teachers'  training  classes  in  connexion  with  the  Yorkshire 
College;  and  that  these  teachers  are  working  under  the 
following  disadvantages,  which  operate  injuriously  both 
to  themselves  and  to  the  schools  in  which  they  are 
engaged  : — 

1.  The  amount  of  time  at  the  disposal  of  a  teacher  who 

is  working  all  day  in  a  public  elementary  school  is 
insufficient  for  a  proper  course  of  study. 

2.  The   evening,   which   is  the   only  time  of  the   day 

available  for  such  students,  is  the  least  suitable 
time,  because, 

(a)  it  falls  after  a  hard  and   exhausting   day's 

work ; 
(i)  it    involves    night    journeys    for    those   who 
attend  classes,  and  in  all  cases  late  hours. 

3.  The  health  of  such  students  is  liable  to  be  injured  by 

overstrain,  consequent  upon  the  eflbrt  to  pursue 
the  double  work  of  teaching  and  studying  at  the 
same  time. 

5.  That  the  Yorkshire  College,  T,eeds,  has  been  esta- 
blished to  promote  the  education  of  persons  of  both  sexes, 
who  are,  at  the  present  time,  instructed  by  the  college  in 
most  of  the  subjects  necessary  in  the  training  of  elemen- 
tary teachers,  and  that  provision  could  also  be  made  for 
instruction  in  the  remaining  subjects  essential  to  such 
training. 

6.  That  the  buildings  of  the  Yorkshire  College,  Leeds, 
are  eminently  adapted  for  the  training  of  elementary 
teachers,  and  that  a  considerable  amount  has  been  expen- 
ded in  the  purchase  of  scientific  and  other  teaching 
appliances. 

7.  That  there  are  adjacent  to  the  Yorkshire  College 
several  elementary  schools  which  are  well  adapted  for 
practising  schools. 

8.  And  that  the  authorities  of  the  Yorkshire  College  are 
prepared  upon  the  college  being  recognised  and  receiving 
payment  as  a  college  for  the  training  of  elementary 
teachers,  to  provide  instruction  in  all  the  subjects  taught 
in  existing  residential  training  colleges. 

Your  memorialists  desire  urgently  to  rej)resent  their 
opinion  that  j)rovision  should  be  made  whereby  the  York- 
shire College,  Leeds,  and  other  similar  colleges  in  Eng- 
land and  Wales,  may  be  recognised  as  non-residential 
training  colleges  for  teachers  of  both  sexes ;  and  receive 
payment  of  Government  grants  for  such  training  in  the 
same  way  as  in  the  non-residential  training  colleges  in 
Scotland. 

Your  memorialists  therefore  pray  that  your  Commission 
may  be  able  to  approve  these  suggestions,  and  to  make 
recommendations  accordingly. 

And  your  memorialists  will  ever  pray,  &c. 
As  witness  the  Seal  of  the  Leeds  School  Board  this 
12tli  day  of  May  1887. 

Edward  Butler, 

Cuahrman  of  the  Board. 
W.  Lee, 

Clerk  to  the  Board. 


CXVL 

Copy  of  Resolution  passed  by  the  Council  of  the 
Mason  Science  College,  May  1-1,  1887. 
Resolved, 

"That  the  President  be  requested  to  inform  the 
Commissioners  that  Mason  College  jirovides  instruction  of 
the  kind  referred  to  in  the  scheme  of  the  Rev.  E.  T.  M. 
McCarthy  for  day  training  colleges,  and  to  state  that  in 
the  event  of  the  scheme  being  adopted  the  Council  will  be 
])repared  to  make  arrangements  for  the  instruction  in 
Mason  College  of  students  from  the  locai  training  college ; 
and  also  to  state  that,  if  thought  desirable  by  the  Com- 
mission, the  Council  would  send  a  representative  to  give 
evidence  before  the  Commissioners." 


CXVIL 

To  the  Royal  Commission  on  Elementary 
Education. 

The  memorial  of  the  Leeds  Church  Day  School  Asso- 
ciation respectfully  showetli  that, — 

Whereas  among  the  matters  referred  to  your  Commission 
f(>r  inquiry  is  the  establishment  of  day  training  colleges,  as 
in  Scotland ;  and  Avhereas,  in  the  event  of  only  teachers 
who  have  been  trained  being  i)crmitted  to  act  as  certificated 
teachers  in  public  elementary  schools,  the  existing  training 
colleges  would  be  unequal  to  su])ply  the  demand  for  such 
teachers;  and  whereas  the  Yorkshire  College  has  l)een 
established  to  promote  the  education  of  persons  of  both 
sexes  who  are  at  the  present  time  instructed  by  the  college 
in  most  of  the  subjects  necessary  in  the  training  of 
elementary  teachers,  and  that  provision  could  also  be  made 
for  instruction  in  the  remaining  subjects  essential  to  such 
training.  Your  memorialists,  whilst  strongiy  of  opinion 
that  the  residential  system  in  our  present  training  colleges 
is  of  the  highest  educational  value,  desire  to  iiring  to  the 
notice  of  your  Commission  the  advantages  of  giving  to  the 
Yorkshire  College,  in  the  event  of  certificates  being  granted 
only  after  training,  the  necessary  legal  authority  to  instruct 
and  train  elementary  teachers,  and  to  express  tht  hope 
that  in  any  new  scheme  this  college  may  be  recognised 
and  may  receive  Government  grants  for  the  training  of 
teachers  in  the  same  way  as  the  non-residential  colleges  in 
Scotland. 

(Signed)        Francis  John  Jaynb, 
Vicar  of  Leeds, 

May  17,  1887.  Chairman. 


CXVIII. 


United  Methodist  Free  Churches,  Liverpool 
AND  North  Wales  District. 

Copy  of  Resolution  passed  at  District  Meeting 
held  at  Liverpool,  October  l!)th  and  20th,  1886. 
Resolved, 

That  in  the  opinion  of  this  district  meeting,  the 

cause  of  national  education  would  receive  great  stimulus 

and  advantage  by  the  secular  education  in  all  State-aided 

schools  being  placed  under  the  control  of  the  ratepayers." 

(Signed)         E.  Hall, 

District  Secretary. 


CXIX. 

DR.4Fr. 

Memorial  to  the  Chairman  and  Mkmmbks  of  the 
Royal  Commission  on  the  Elementahy  Educa- 
tion Acts  in  Engl.\nd  and  Wales. 

The  humble  Memorial  of  the  School  Board  for  the 
borough  of  Bootle-cum-Linacre. 

Sheweth, 

That  your  memorialists,  fully  believing  that  the 
searching  and  complete  nature  of  the  inquiry  now  being 
held  by  the  Commission  on  Elementary  Education  will 
lead  to  early  and  beneficial  legislation,  respectfully  desire 
to  support  by  this  memorial  the  views  held  by  that  large 
and  increasing  section  of  the  community  who  are  in  favour 
of  the  abolition  of  the  direct  payment  by  parents  of  the 
school  fees  of  their  children  in  public  elementary  schools. 


APPENDIXES    TO    FIN  41.    KEPORT. 


159 


Miat  your  memorialists,  while  deeply  sensible  of  the 
value  of  the  elementary  education  given  in  the  public 
elementary  schools  of  the  kingdom,  are  of  opinion  that 
its  benefits  would  be  very  much  more  extensively  availed 
of  if  parents  were  relieved  from  the  necessity  of  having  to 
provide  each  week  the  school  fees  for  their  children. 

That  your  memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  there  are 
always  tens  of  thousands  of  children  of  school  age  in 
England  and  Wales  absent  from  school  chiefly  because  of 
the  inabihty  of  the  parents  to  pay  the  school  fees  at  the 
time  required.  In  the  year  1886  there  were  1,500,000 
empty  seats  in  schools  daily. 

That  your  memorialists  take  it  that  the  welfare  of  the 
children  is  paramount,  and  therefore  that  whether  such 
inability  to  pay  the  fees  is  due  to  poverty,  to  improvi- 
dence, or  to  unwillingness,  the  children  should  not  be  the 
losers. 

That  your  memorialists  are  strongly  of  opinion  that 
school  and  school  Ufe  should  be  made  as  attractive  as 
possible  to  children,  and  that  no  obstacles  should  be  placed 
in  the  way  of  their  attendance. 

That  whereas  in  many  cases  the  incomes  of  the  teachers 
are  partly  derived  from  the  school  fees  of  their  scholars, 
the  pressure  brought  to  bear  on  managers  to  fi,\,  or  to 
maintain  a  high  fee  cannot  but  act  prejudicially,  and  is 
indirectly  a  further  hindrance  to  children's  attendance. 

That  the  constant  worry  to  parents,  inseparable  from  a 
weekly  application  for  money,  especially  to  persons  in 
humble  circumstances,  must  necessarily  cause  friction  and 
discomfort  to  children  and  parents  alike,  and  hence  be  a 
source  of  hindrance  to  a  cheerful  observance  by  the  9hildren 
of  their  obligation  to  attend  school. 

That  the  present  system  of  requiring  parents  to  pay 
the  school  itm  directly,  acts  with  unnecessary  hardship, 
as  the  payment  in  whole  has  to  be  made  when,  the  expenses 
of  the  family  are  heaviest,  and  at  a  time  when  the  children 
are  of  an  age  requiring  constant  watchfulness  and  atten- 
tion, and  when  the  mother  cannot  be  spared  to  take  em- 
ployment from  without. 

That  in  the  opinion  of  your  memoiialists  the  results  of 
refusing  admittance  to  children  who  present  themselves 
without  their  fees  are  demoralising  to  the  children,  who, 
finding  that  non-payment  of  the  fee  means  for  them  a 
week's  holiday,  not  unnaturally  rejoice  that  the  school 
pence  are  not  forthcoming,  and  this  enforced  absence  very 
soon  creates  in  many  of  the  children  a  taste  for  play  and 
idleness  that  cannot  be  eradicated  even  with  the  undesirable 
and  costly  aid  of  police  courts,  truants'  schools,  industrial 
schools,  training  ships,  or  even  of  prison  discipline. 

That  the  teachers'  time  in  school  hours,  necessarily  taken 
up  with  the  collecting,  recording,  and  tabulating  of  the 
school  fees,  is  time  that  should  be  devoted  to  the  legitimate 
work  of  teaching  and  organising. 

That  for  the  foregoing,  and  other  more  weighty  reasons 
which  have  been  advanced  by  others,  your  memoriaUsts 
resuectfuUy  suggest  that  for  the  present  cumbrous,  un- 
satisfactory, irksome,  and  irritating  system  under  which 
parents  are  required  to  pay  directly,  week  by  week,  for  the 
education  of  their  children  at  public  elementary  schools, 
the  fees  be  paid  to  the  schools  out  of  the  Imperial 
Exchequer  in  the  form  of  an  increased  grant  through  the 
Education  Department,  and  that  to  this  end  recommenda- 
tions be  made  by  the  Royal  Commission.  In  America,  our 
Colonies,  and  most  European  States  parents  do  not  pay  the 
school  fees  directly. 

That  in  the  opinion  of  your  memorialists,  whose  acquaint- 
ance with  this  question,  and  with  its  bearing  upon  social 
and  political  questions  tliey  would  respectfully  submit,  has 
not  been  solely  made  through  their  connexion  with  the 
district  in  which  they  immediately  serve,  were  such  a 
change  of  system  as  that  advocated  here  adopted,  the 
good  and  the  saving  to  the  country  in  a  monetary  point  of 
view  and  otherwise,  would  be  very  considerable ;  when  the 
schools  are  practically  thrown  open  to  all  children,  and  the 
burthen,  which  your  memorialists  are  satisfied,  is  in  a  large 
number  of  cases  a  grievous  burden  on  parents  of  providing 
week  by  week  money  to  pay  the  school  fees  for  their 
children  was  removed,"  one,  if  not  the  principal  cause  of 
irregularity  and  non-attendance  would  no  longer  exist. 
In  Manchester  there  is  a  free  school  for  poor  children. 
Out  of  every  100  on  the  books  98  attend  regularly,  and  all 
except  one  i)as3  the  examinations.  And  the  Jews  have  a 
school  in  London  numbering  3,200  children,  who  are 
re(iuired  to  pay  Id.  per  week  if  they  can,  nothing  if  they 
cannot.  Average  attendance  94  out  of  each  100,  whilst 
the  average  attendance  over  all  England  and  Wales  is 
only  75 ;  and  the  averages  of  free  schools  abroad  are  much 
the  same.  In  London,  in  1885,  185,(X)0  notices  were 
issued  to  parents;  12,000  persons  were  summoned,  and 
nearly  10,000  were  convicted  for  not  sending  their  children 

o    hb^»'.  3 


to  school.  The  sum  expended  by  the  Loudon  School 
Board  in  hunting  up  children  was  in  that  year  36,(X)0Z. 
Were  the  suggestion  made  by  this  memorial  brought  into 
operation,  inquiry  ofiicers  would  no  longer  be  required; 
the  work  for  school  board  visitors  would,  there  can  be 
little  doubt,  be  considerably  diminished ;  the  call  upon  the 
time  of  justices,  members  of  school  boards  and  of  boards 
of  guardians,  and  of  officials  connected  with  these  bodies, 
would  be  materially  lessened;  and,  your  memorialists 
venture  to  say,  juvenile  crime  would  be  still  further  and 
in  a  marked  degree  diminished,  for  there  is  no  more 
prolific  training  ground  for  evil  than  the  streets,  in  which 
so  many  of  the  young  are  now  compelled  to  pass  much  of 
their  time,  and  it  has  happily  been  demonstrated  that  just 
in  the  measure  that  education  has  been  extended  and 
imjiroved,  have  drunkenness,  poverty,  and  juvenile  crime 
decreased,  and  that  education  would  be  extended  and 
improved,  were  the  object  of  this  memorial  gained,  there 
can  be  no  manner  of  doubt.  During  the  last  15  years 
the  number  of  criminals  in  proportion  to  population  hoa 
very  greatly  decreased,  doubtless  by  reason  of  improved 
education. 

That  objection  has  been  raised  to  the  abolition  of  the 
weekly  school  fee  system  on  the  ground  that  it  is  virtually 
free  education. 

That  in  the  opinion  of  your  memorialists  the  exact 
opposite  would  be  the  result,  for  it  is  admitted  by  most 
political  economists  that,  as  a  class,  the  labouring  pojju- 
lation  pay  by  far  the  largest  per-centage  of  the  Imperial 
revenue. 

That  last  year  the  Imperial  revenue  was  92,135,296/. 

That  in  that  year  the  taxation  hid  in  the  drink  con- 
sumed by  the  people  amounted  to  34,293,216/. 

That  the  tax  derived  from  tobacco  and  snuff  was 
9,473,763/. 

That  the  proportion  of  the  property  tax  derived  from 
cottages  such  as  are  compounded  for,  and  of  the  class  in 
which  the  labouring  population  reside,  was  2,500,000/.  at 
least. 

That  the  revenue  derived  from  the  three  items  men- 
tioned gives  a  total  of  45,766,979/.,  being  nearly  one-half 
of  the  whole  Imperial  revenue. 

{Because  the  labouring  population  drank  very  much 
more  than  any  other  section  of  the  community  and 
smoked  the  most,  of  course  they  contributed  by  far 
the  largest  per-centage  of  the  above  large  item  of 
taxation.  Included  in  the  total  is  the  property  tax 
on  the  cottages  in  which  the  labouring  class  reside.) 

That  in  addition  to  this  sum  other  considerable  sums  of 
taxation  are  contributed  in  the  largest  proportion  by  the 
labouring  population  ;  for  instance,  in  respect  of  currants, 
figs,  raisins,  railways,  auctioneers,  dogs,  carriages,  hawkers, 
medicines,  pawnbrokers,  deeds  and  leases  of  houses,  legacy, 
succession  and  probate  duties,  receipt  stamps,  insurance 
stamps,  inhabited  house  duty,  and  many  other  such  items 
might  be  named. 

That  the  amount  paid  last  year  by  parents  as  school 
fees  was  1,747,>^13/.,  while  the  guardians  of  the  i)oor  also 
paid  43,770/.,  giving  a  total  of  1,791,083/.  paid  to  public 
elementary  schools  in  England  and  Wales  as  school 
fees. 

That  your  memorialists  are  fully  aware  that  if,  as  they 
respectfully  suggest  should  be  done,  the  Imperial  Exche- 
(|uer  is  to  be  called  upon  to  make,  through  the  Education 
Department,  an  equivalent  extra  grant  to  the  schools  to 
compensate  for  the  non-payment  of  the  fees  by  parents  and 
guardians  it  will  be  necessary  that  the  amount  be  raised 
by  increased  taxation,  towards  which  the  labouring  popu- 
lation would  have  to  contribute  in  the  future  as  they  are 
doing  at  present ;  and  therefore  it  would  be  a  misnomer  to 
term  the  proposed  system  "  free  education." 

That  under  the  existing  system  remission  of  fees  plays  a 
by  no  means  small  part,  a  part  the  extent  of  which  is  not 
known  and  must  not  be  gauged  only  by  the  statistics  of 
school  boards. 

That  such  remission  of  fees  is  pauperisation  pure  and 
simple,  while  by  increased  taxation  each  and  all  must 
contribute. 

That  in  the  opinion  of  your  memorialists  the  provision 
under  which  the  guardians  of  the  poor  pay  the  fees  for 
children  of  non-pauper  parents  does  not,  even  for  that 
class,  meet  the  difficulty  raised  by  the  present  system  of 
payment  of  fees,  for  there  is  the  natural  and  not  to  be 
deprecated  reluctance  of  persons  of  the  class  in  question 
to  apply  to  the  relieving  officer.  The  consequence  is  that 
when  the  people  find  themselves  without  the  means  of 
paying  the  fees,  they  keep  their  children  at  home.  The 
absence  from  school  inav  or  may  not  be  reported  to  the 
school  board  at  the  end  of  the  weelc.     If  not,  the  case 


m 


ELEMKNTABY   EDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION: 


remains  until  the  visitor  discovers  the  child ;  the  parent, 
hoping  for  "better  times,"  and  dreading  connexion  with 
ihe  parish,  gives  some  excuse,  which  is  followed  on  the 
part  of  the  visitor  by  a  notice  to  appear  before  a  committee 
of  the  board.  After  the  necessary  delay  at  this  stage,  the 
person  is  referred  to  the  guardians,  causing  further  delay, 
while  the  inquiry  officer  is  making  his  inquiries,  and  agam 
until  the  guardians'  order  comes  into  operation.  The 
absence,  often  for  several  weeks,  of  a  child  under  these  by 
no  means  uncommon  circumstances  leads  to  uneven 
pressure  on  the  child  and  its  teacher,  loss  to  the  school, 
and  possibly  irreparable  injury  to  the  character  and  habits 
of  the  child.  . 

That  your  memorialists  grant  the  truth  of  the  objection 
which  has  been  urged  to  their  proposition,  viz.,  that  the 
improvident  and  drunken  poor  would  have  more  money  to 
spend  on  drink  ;  but  your  memorialists  respectfully  submit 
that  that  evil  even  is  small  compared  with  the  evil  of  keep- 
ing neglected  and  distressed  children  from  school,  and 
leaving  them  to  drift  into  habits  of  truancy  and  crime, 
especially  when  it  is  remembered  that  the  children  are  in 
no  way  responsible  for  their  parents'  misdeeds,  and  have  to 
suffer  in  many  ways  therefor. 

Your  memorialists,  holding  the  views  here  briefly  and 
imperfectly  expressed,  implore  the  Royal  Com- 
mission to  give  the  memorial  their  earnest  and 
favourable  consideration,  and  to  include  in  their 
recommendations  to  Parliament  a  recommenda- 
tion that  powers  be  granted  under  which  the 
Education  Department  will  be  enabled  to  make 
an  additional  grant  to  public  elementary  schools 
in  lieu  of  the  payment  by  parents  of  school  fees, 
for  which  your  memorialists  and  others,  especially 
the  helpless  poor,  will  feel  most  grateful. 

Chairman  of  the  School  fioard. 
Beetle,  1887. 


CXX. 

To  the  Secretary  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  the 
Education  Acts. 

Sisters  of  the  Church, 
Randolph  Gardens,  London,  N.W., 
Sir,  27th  May  1887. 

1  SEE  that  suggestions  are  invited  from  the  English 
public  on  the  subject  of  elementary  education.  I  shall 
therefore  be  much  obliged  if  you  will  lay  the  following 
statement  before  the  members  of  the  Commission  now 
sitting. 

I'ara  lady  superior  of  a  Church  of  England  Sisterhood, 
which  gives  itself  largely  to  the  education  of  children 
belonging  to  the  working  class. 

We  have  built  two  groups  of  schools  in  which  more  than 
2,00()  children  are  taught  daily.  They  are  public  elemen- 
tary schools,  under  Government  inspection,  and  take  a 
high  place  among  the  elementary  schools  of  London. 

To  meet  the  heavy  expenses,  we  receive  a  grant  from  the 
Education  Department  annually;  the  remainder  we  are 
obliged  to  make  up  by  collecting  private  subscriptions, 
and  from  other  sources.  We  find  this  difficult,  and  each 
year  the  burden  becomes  heavier. 

The  crowded  condition  of  our  schools  shows  how  popular 
they  are  with  the  working  classes.  Indeed,  it  is  not  too 
much  to  say  that  they  are  equal  in  every  respect  to  the 
best  London  board  schools.  This  being  so,  we  do  not 
think  we  are  unreasonable  if  we  object  to  the  present 
method  of  distributing  the  money  contributed  through  the 
rates  for  the  purjiose  of  education.  It  appears  to  us  that 
all  schools  which  satisfy  the  requirements  of  the  Dejjart- 
ment  ought  to  be  equally  aided  to  carry  on  their  important 
work. 

We  would  humbly  suggest  that  all  funds  contributed  by 
taxation  for  the  purpose  of  education  should  be  placed  in 
the  hands  of  the  Department,  and  applied  impartially  to  all 
schools  which  have  a  right  to  the  title  of  "  public  elemen- 
tary schools."  The  promoters  of  voluntary  schools  would 
thus  be  delivered  from  the  unjust  pressure  to  which  they  are 
now  subject. 

We  personally  feel  it  to  be  a  real  hardship,  that  notwith- 
standing the  fact  that  we  educate  2,000  children  we  are 
heavily  taxed  (to  the  amount  of  100/.  per  annum  or  more) 
to  support  a  system  of  education  to  which  we  have  con- 
scientious objections. 

^'With  deep  respect,  and  hoping  the  present  Commission 
on  Education  may  be  enabled  to  adjust  this  matter, 

We  are,  &c. 
The  Lady  Superior  and 
Sisters  of  the  Church. 


CXXI. 

Suggestions  by  the  Rev.  A.  E.  Brown,  Wadenhoe, 
Oundle. 

The  Working  ok  the  Law. 

Supply  of  Schools  3  (a).  ' 

It  is  submitted  that  whenever  a  system  of  local  govern- 
ment is  established,  all  questions  as  to  the  amount  and 
suitability  of  accommodation  to  be  provided  should  be  left 
to  the  unfettered  determination  of  the  local  authority  or 
authorities  which  would  have  to  provide  the  funds  in  the 
last  resort,  provided,  of  course,  that  any  actual  deficiency, 
declared  by  the  Education  Department,  of  available  accom- 
modation was  in  some  way  filled  up.  On  the  other  hand, 
the  power  of  declaring  schools  "  unnecessary "  might  be 
withdrawn  from  the  Department,  so  long  as  the  conditions 
now  insisted  on  in  "  a  district  not  under  a  school  board  " 
were  fulfilled,  except  in  a  particular  case  to  be  hereafter 
referred  to,  and  the  "  ninepenny  limit  "  should  surely  be 
abolished  as  having  no  longer  a  practical  value  of  any 
kind. 


Supply  of  Teachers  3  {d)  I. 

Would  it  not  be  well,  without  closing  any  existing 
avenues  to  the  profession,  to  dispense  with  the  engagement 
as  to  permanently  following  it,  at  present  required  from 
Queen's  scholars  P  Queen's  scholarships  would  then  be 
regarded  as  a  subsidy  in  aid  of  secondary  education 
directly  and  of  elementary  education  only  indirectly. 

Monitors  3  (d)  II. 

Unapprenticed  monitors  who  had  passed  the  standard 
fixed  for  pupil  teachers  at  a  given  stage,  and  who  had  the 
same  experience  with  the  latter,  might  surely  be  treated  as 
in  all  respects  equivalent  to  them. 

Pensions  3  (d)  IV. 

Pensions  under  State  regulation  for  the  members  of  a 
profession  which  is  not,  and  ought  not  to  be,  a  branch  of 
the  Civil  Service,  are  highly  objecxionable  in  principle. 
But,  as  a  matter  of  equity,  the  restriction  upon  the  number 
of  pensions  which  can  be  granted  to  teachers  employed 
before  1862,  being  purely  arbitrary  in  its  character,  attended 
with  inevitable  hardship,  and  as  it  can  no  longer  be  said 
to  be  necessary  even  as  a  cheek  upon  the  indefinite  multi- 
plication of  claims,  might  well  be  entirely  rescinded.  And  in 
the  case  of  teachers  who  obtained  Queen's  scholarships  jirior 
to  August  6,  1851,  the  Minute  of  December  21,  184(), 
seems  clearly  to  hold  out  the  jjrospect  of  a  pension  which 
might,  in  certain  cases,  equal  two  thirds  of  their  salary, 
which  would  be  the  same  thing  as  twice  tlieir  augmentation 
grant.  Whilst  the  public  faith  in  such  a  case  can  scarcely 
be  too  liberally  interpreted,  it  is  submitted  that  anything 
new  in  the  way  of  deductions  from  grants  for  the  esta- 
blishment of  a  "  superannuation  fund  "  can  scarcely  be  too 
sedulously  avoided,  as  tending  to  encourage  the  vicious 
principle  which  would  make  the  teacher  a  servant  of  the 
State. 


Obstacles  to  School  Attendance.    Attitude  of  Magistrates, 
3  (/)  II. 

Whilst  deeply  lamenting  the  attitude  towards  the  law  of 
many  magistrates,  particularly  in  the  metropolis,  may  we 
not  apjirehend  that  this  attitude  is  to  a  considerable  extent 
to  be  accounted  for  by  the  seeming  unfairness  of  the  jjrin- 
ciple  which  in  education  cases  throws  all  the  burden  of 
proof  upon  the  defendant  ?  And  although  this  principle 
cannot  be  dispensed  with  entirely,  yet  might  not  the  proof 
required  be  greatly  facilitated  with  positive  advantage  to 
the  interests  of  education  ? 

Proposed  Certificates  of  Exemption. — Ought  not  the  com- 
pulsory law  to  provide  a  clear  mode  of  ascertaining  the 
validity  or  otherwise  of  the  excuse  for  non-attendance  very 
properly  recognised  by  section  74  of  the  Act  of  1870,  and 
by  the  byelaws  which  it  authorises,  viz.,  that  "the  child  is 
"  receiving  efficient  elementary  instruction  in  some  other 
"  manner."  Section  24  (7)  of  the  Act  of  1873  directs  the 
magistrate,  when  this  excuse  is  pleaded,  to  "  have  regard 
"  to  the  age  of  the  child,  and  to  the  standard  of  education 
"  corresponding  to  such  age,  prescribed  by  the  minutes  of 
"  the  Education  Department  for  the  time  being  in  force 
"  with  respect  to  the  parliamentary  grant.''  But  how  can 
this  direction  be  complied  with  when  the  Code  (Art.  31}) 
restricts  the  right  of  examination  for  a  certificate  of  pro- 
ficiency to  children  above  the  age  of  10,  whereas  every 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL    REPOBT;' 


-161 


child  above  seren,  if  attending  a  school  which  receives  the 
grant,  is  liable  to  be  examined  in  Standard  I.  ?  {See 
Art.  107  (c).)  Below  the  age  of  seven,  the  onus  prohandi 
ought  in  fairness  to  be  thrown,  not  on  the  defendant,  but 
on  the  prosecuting  authority. 

The  Act  of  187.3  does  not  say  that  a  child  whose  pro- 
ficiency falls  short  of  the  standard  corresponding  to  his 
age  cannot  be  receiving  efficient  instruction,  nor  that  a 
child  whose  age  whose  proficiency  does  correspond  with  his 
age  necessarily  must  be  receiving  such  instruction ;  but  it 
indicates  a  very  important  element  in  the  case,  which  the 
present  form  of  Art.  30  renders  nugatory  below  the  aire 
of  10. 

Certificates  of  proficiency  might  be  granted  to  children, 
whether  attending  or  not  attending  public  elementary  or 
certified  efficient  schools,  who  had  "  reached "  any  given 
standard  of  education.  If  the  magistrate  were  satisfied  that 
the  education  of  a  child  not  attending  such  a  school  was 
"  habitually  neglected,"  he  might  make  an  "  order  of 
attendance  "  under  section  11  of  the  Act  of  1876,  speci- 
fying the  school  which  the  child  should  attend,  and  as  this 
would  prevent  migration,  whilst  the  exemption  certificate 
would  be  desired  as  a  privilege,  the  necessity  for  prose- 
cutions would  be  largely  diminished. 


Working  of  the  Law,  3  (/)  II. 

Certified  efficient  Schools. 

Proposed  modifications  in  the  Byelaws. — The  proficiency 
certificate  above  suggested  ought  perhaps  not  to  operate 
so  as  to  relax  the  obligation  of  regularity  in  the  case  of  a 
child  actually  on  the  books  of  a  public  elementary  school. 
By  attending  such  a  school  he  obtains  the  privilege  of 
superior  education  on  easier  terms,  whilst  his  irregularity 
affects  the  grant  both  directly  and  indirectly.  The  case 
of  a  certified  efficient  school  not  receiving  grants  stands 
on  a  somewhat  different  footing  in  this  respect,  and  the 
mere  fact  of  its  not  being  conducted  for  the  pecuniary 
profit  of  the  nominal  managers  ought  scarcely  to  entitle 
it  to  facilities  for  enforcing  attendance  which  are  denied 
to  a  private  adventure  school.  Whilst  giving  every 
opportunity,  therefore,  for  the  examination  of  children  not 
attending  public  elementary  schools,  it  might  be  well  to 
withdraw  all  formal  recognition  from  schools  not  sub- 
mitting to  the  ordinary  conditions  of  the  Code. 

Whole  time  that  the  School  is  open,  and  suggested 
Monthly  Cctificate. 

But  further,  the  wording  of  the  model  byelaws,  that 
"  the  time  during  which  every  child  shall  attend  school 
"  shall  be  the  whole  time  that  the  school  is  open  for  the 
"  instruction  of  children  of  similar  age,"  although 
probably  designed  at  first  merely  to  ascertain  the  actual 
amount  of  non-attendance  of  which  cognisance  could  be 
taken,  has  been  very  generally  construed  as  establishing 
a  primd  facie  case  of  delinquency  against  the  most  regular 
child  who  is  absent  even  from  a  single  school  meeting. 
But  as  no  local  authority  in  the  kingdom  would  think  of 
enforcing  such  a  rule,  any  instance  of  regularity  which 
exceeds  the  average  (that  average  being  three  times  out 
of  four),  must  probably  be  considered  either  as  purely 
voluntary,  or  as  the  result  of  indirect  compulsion  only  ; 
and  thus  a  character  of  unreality  is  given  to  the  byelaws. 
If  it  were  expressly  stated  that  no  summons  was  to  issue 
for  a  child  who  had  attended  four  times  out  of  five  in  a 
calendar  month,  there  is  every  reason  to  believe  that,  so 
far  from  attendance  being  diminished,  it  would  be  actually 
increased  by  the  inducement  which  might  be  offered  for 
regularity  in  the  shape  of  a  legal  monthly  certificate  of  due 
attendance,  on  which  the  exact  numHer  of  attendances 
should  be  stated. 

Aggravated  neglect. 
For  a  second  or  third  failure   in   any  given  year  to 
comply  mth  the  law  so  modified,  the  maximum  penalty 
might  well  be  increased  from  5x.  to  10s.  or  20s.  including 
costs. 


Total  exemption. 

Conditions  should  be  the  same  in  all  districts, 
years  of  age,  or  twelve  years  and  Standard  V. 


Fourteen 


Beneficially  and  necessarily  employed. 
Partial  exemption,  though  rightly  conditional  upon 
profaciency,  and  though  the  amount  of  attendance  required 
from  half-timers  might  vary  in  different  districts,  ought 
hardly  to  involve  any  such  question  of  the  child's  domestic 
circumstances  as  is  imphed  m  the  words  "  beneficially  and 
necessarily  employed."  It  should  be  a  right,  not  a  favour. 
d"tai't     *'"°"°*  °^  attendance  might   vary  in  different 


Efficiency  of  Machinbry,  4  A.  II. 

The  Standards,  (ii.). 
It  is  a  very  serious  matter  to  modify  these,  and  the 
determining  consideration  should  probably  be  the  bearing 
of  any  proposed  change  upon  the  compulsory  law  rather 
than  upon  the  grant.  But  that  law  itself  might  be  easily 
extended  witliout  additional  hardship.  As  a  matter  of 
fact,  the  great  mass  of  school  children  are  indirectly 
compellecl  to  have  "  class  subjects  •'  as  weU  as  primal 
ones,  bome  measure,  therefore,  however  moderate  of 
proficiency  in  such  subjects  might  fairly  be  required  of 
every  chdd  applying  for  a  "  certificate  of  proficiency  " :  and 
no  child  m  a  grant-receiving  school  should  be  cbmpelled 
by  the  managers  to  learn  any  subject  (secular  any  more 
than  religious)  which  did  not  bear  directly  on  his  oertifi- 
cate.  It  may  be  worth  consideration  whether  the  "  volun- 
tary "  subjects,  which  would  then  take  the  place  of  those 
now  called  specific,  should  not  be  taught  only  "at  the 
beginning  or  end  or  at  the  beginning  and  end  "  of  a  school 
meeting. 


Special  Magistrates. 

There  might  be  magistrates  in  the  metropolitan  and 
other  districts  attending  monthly  at  different  courts,  with 
exclusive  cognisance  of  educational  and  other  special 
descriptions  of  cases. 


Class  Subjects,  (iii.). 

Might  it  not  be  desirable  to  establish  the  principle— of 
course  allowing  a  reasonable  time  for  its  application— 
that,  of  the  three  reading  books  now  required,  one  should 
always  relate  to  history,  one  to  geography,  and   one  to 

elementary  science"?  By  the  returns  for  1886,  whilst 
the  'fixed  grant  "for  "older  scholars  "  was  paid  on  an 
average  attendance  reckoned  for  the  purposes  of  the  grant 
as  2,420,562  (though  really  a  trifle  less  than  this), 
Jlinglish  was  paid  for  as  a  class  subject  upon  an  attendance 
similarly  reckoned  as  2,241,808,,  and  a  "second"  class 
subject  upon  an  attendance  of  1,990,536.  Under  these 
circumstances  one  would  think  the  repetition  exercises 
now  given  under  the  head  of  English  might  be  shortened, 
but  at  the  same  time  made  compulsory  for  a  certificate, 
and  that  (togetlier  with  grammar)  some  knowledge  of 
history,  geograjjliy,  and  elementary  science  (in  no  case 
exceeding  what  could  be  obtained  from  the  three  reading 
books)  might  also  fairly  be  required. 

What  subjects,  akd  how  far,  should  be  obligatory. 
We  should  thus  have  the  following  subjects  obligatoi-y 
.so  far  as  to  require  every  child  to  be  examined  in  them". 
How  far  a  separate  pass  in  each  should  be  deemed  essentiai 
to  a  certificate  on  the  one  hand,  and  how  far  the  want  of 
it  should  affect  the  grant  on  the  other,  are  matters  much 
more  difficult  to  speak  upon  with  confidence.  The  list 
will  standi 

1.  Reading. 

2.  Repetition. 

3.  Copy-writing  and  writing  generally. 

4.  Spelling,  as  tested  by  dictation  and  otherwise. 

5.  Geography. 

6.  History. 

7.  "  Common  things,"  (ambitiously  called  elementaiy 

science). 

8.  Arithmetical  sums  (worked  orally  and  on  paper). 

Mental  Arithmetic. — It  is  submitted  in  this  connexion 
that  good  "  mental  arithmetic "  (which,  of  course,  in- 
volves an  oral  statement  of  the  process  employed),  should 
be  allowed  to  compensate,  as  far  as  it  goes,  for  deficiency 
in  the  sums  worked  on  slates  or  paper. 

Brief  designation  of  Subjects. 
It  may  further  be  suggested  that  instead  of  "  reading, 
writing,  and  arithmetic,"  the  subjects  of  compulsory  exami- 
nation should  be  defined  to  be  "reading,  writing,  and 
answering,"  and  that  under  these  three  heads  all  the  above 
"matters"  should  be  intro'duced,  and  should  be  taken 
into  account  either  in  giving  or  refusing  a  pass,  which, 
however,  by  no  means  implies  that  each  of  the  eight  beads 
should  be  separately  a  sine  qnd  nnn. 


3N  2 


462 


BLEMBNTARY   EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION: 


Amount  of  Grant  for  children's  passes. 
Of  course,  for  these  three  subjects,  so  extended,  the 
maximum  grant  would  be  primd  facie,  the  same  as  it  is  at 
present  for  "elementary  "  and  "class  "  subjects  together. 

Merit  Grant,  (d)  (I.)- 
The  name  itself  seems  objectionable,  because  if  this 
pai-ticular  grant  is  supposed  to  be  determined  by  the 
"  merit  "  of  the  school  as  a  whole,  then  it  will  be  so  largely 
influenced  by  the  per-centage  of  passes  and  general  success 
in  the  examination  (wliich  have  already  been  amply  recog- 
nised under  their  proper  heads),  that  there  will  be  no  room 
for  the  operation  of  those  other  elements  which  the  inspec- 
tors arc  specially  instructed  to  take  into  account.  And 
although  the  inspector  may  be  told  that  he  is  not  to  be 
guided  by  any  rule  "  based  upon  a  fixed  per-centage  of 
passes,"  yet  the  number  of  passes  is  so  distinctly  recognised 
as  a  factor  in  the  case,  and  the  number  and  quality  of 
passes  will  be,  or  ought  to  be,  so  clearly  determined  by  the 
same  principal  cause,  namely,  the  thoroughness  of  the 
elementary  teaching,  that  it  would  surely  be  better  to 
separate  the  merit  grant  altogether  from  the  results  of 
examination,  and  to  make  it  depend  exclusively  on  the 
organisation  and  discipline  of  the  school;  organisation, 
however,  being  still  taken  to  include,  as  at  present,  "  the 
fitness  of  the  classification  in  regard  to  age  and  capacity." 
As  a  grant  determined  by  a  more  limited  set  of  considera- 
tions, it  might  be  less  invidiously  refused  in  some  cases, 
and  more  easily  bestowed  in  others,  whilst  the  awards  of 
different  mspectors  would  show  a  greater  degree  of  practical 
uniformity. 


6.  Special  Schools. 

"  Infant  Classes  "  regarded  as  special  schools,  i.e.,  as  a 
feature  of  rural  schools,  6  (a). 

Classes  in  mixed  schools  may  be  considered.  There  is 
an  abrupt  change  made  in  the  basis  of  the  grant  given  to 
these  classes  when  the  average  attendance  reaches  :.'(1 ;  and 
the  change  is  in  many  cases  of  an  obviously  disadvantageous 
character.  This  state  of  things,  clearly  objectionable  as  a 
temptation  to  fraud,  might  be  removed  at  a  very  trifling 
(if  any)  additional  cost,  by  making  a  fixed  grant  of  9s. 
whether  the  attendance  was  above  or  below  20,  and  whether 
the  infants  formed  a  "  class  "  or  "  department  "  ;  but  the 
merit  grant  .should  not  exceed  7s.  unless  the  present  con- 
ditions  of  the  9s.  fixed  grant  were  complied  with. 

Half-time  Schools,  6  (b). 

Considering  that,  according  to  the  returns  printed  in 
the  first  report  of  the  Commission,  the  special  attendances 
were  barely  more  than  1  per  cent,  of  the  actual  attendances 
in  England  and  Wales,  and  barely  more  than  one  third  per 
cent,  in  Lancashire  or  in  .Manchester,  and  that  they  nowhere 
reach  2  per  cent.,  except  in  Yorkshire,  and  that  nearly  one 
fourth  of  those  claimed  in  Yorkshire  are  in  Bradford  alone, 
where  they  exceed  7  per  cent,  of  the  actual  attendances,  is 
it  worth  while  to  keep  up  the  system  ?  There  is  one  town 
in  Lancashire  which  is  benefited  even  more  than  Brad- 
ford, Preston  claiming  one  "sijccial"  attendance  for 
about  12  actual  ones.  If  Standard  Ul.  were  made 
universal  for  half-time,  much  might  be  said  for  a  some- 
what increased  grant  on  the  average  attendance  (or,  per- 
haps, on  the  proficiency)  of  all  scholars  above  that  standard. 


Extent  to  which  the  Grant  depends  on  individual  examination 
(d)  (IL)  Alleged  excessive  dependence  of  Grant  on 
individual  examination. 

Out  of  nearly  22,000  school  departments  for  "older 
scholars"  (Returns  for  1886),  the  6d.  grant  for  singing 
was  withheld  (including  cases  where  it  was  not  applied  for) 
from  less  than  one  per  cent. ;  a  merit  grant  at  the  rate  of 
Is.  from  less  than  7  per  cent. ;  a  grant  reaching  5.?.  per 
head  on  the  three  "  elementary  "  subjects  from  le;s  than 
5  per  cent. ;  and  a  class  grant  of  at  least  Is.  from  less  than 
15  per  cent.  The  grants  just  referred  to,  where  they  are 
all  earned,  would  amount  to  12s.  per  head  ;  and  as  it  is 
very  difficult  to  imagine  a  school  having  a  valid  excuse 
(looking  at  the  above  proportions')  for  incurring  more  than 
one  of  these  rare  forfeitures  at  once,  we  may  surely  say  that 
the  minimum  grant,  in  all  cases  that  need  be  taken  into 
account,  amounts  to  at  least  lis.  on  the  average  attendance. 
Church  of  England  schools,  as  embracing  the  great  ma- 
jority of  rural  schools,  are  in  some  respects  at  a  special 
disadvantage  ;  but  even  in  their  case  the  minimum  might 
fairly  be  stated  at  10s.,  which  would  also  hold  good  of 
infant  schools  generally. 


Special  Schools  and  thbik  Difficulties. 

Rural  Schools,  6  (a). 

To  make  the  special  grants  (Code,  Art.   III.  to  Act  of 
1876)  dependent  in  their  ])resent  form  upon  attendance 
rather  than   population,  would  be  to  introduce  the  -verv 
temptation  to  fraud  which  it  has  been  such  an  object  with 
the  Department  to  avoid,  and  would  also  be  a  direct  dis- 
couragement to  the  improvement  of  the  attendance.     But 
there  can  be  no  doubt  that  small  schools,  on  account  of 
the  larger   number   of  classes  corresponding  to  a  given 
number  of  scholars,  are  placed  at  a  very  serious  disadvan- 
tage, even  when  the  average  much  exceeds  60.     Assuming 
that  a  population  of  180  corresponds  somewhat  roughly  to 
an  attencfance  of  30,  and  a  population  of  240  to  an  attend- 
ance of  40,  it  will  be  obvious  that  in  the  former  case  a 
fixed  attendance  grant  of  lOs.  (such  as  has  been  shown  to 
be  actually  obtained  almost  everywhere)  produces  just  151., 
and  that  in  the  latter  case  it  produces  20/.,  and  that  the 
addition   of  the  present  special  grants  of    15?.  and  10/. 
respectively  to  these  sums  makes  up  each  of  them  to  301. 
Might  not  the  rule  then  be  so  far  modified,  that  whenever 
a  grant  of  lOg.  per  head  would  fail  to  produce  the  sum  of 
301 ,  the  difference  should  be  made  up  by  the  Education 
Department,   subject  to  deduction  if   the  10s.    were  not 
actually  earned,  and  to  augmentation  if  more  were  earned. 
Under  this  rule  every  school  with  an  average  attendance  of 
less  than  60  would  receive  an  additional  grant,  but  the 
Ue])..itment  might  have  a  discretionary  power  of  refusing 
grants  to  any  school  with  an  attendance  of  less  than  60, 
instead  of  30,  as  at  present. 


7  b  (II).    Evening  Schools. 

Should  their  work  be  a  repetition  of  day-school 
work  ? — No. 

There  can  surely  be  no  reason  which  will  bear  a  moment's 
consideration  for  paying  any  grant  whatever  on  a  mere 
repetition  of  the  work  done  in  the  day  school.  To  admit 
such  a  principle  is  to  admit  either  that  a  pupil  who  has 
thrown  away  the  opportunities  provided  for  him  in  his 
childhood  ought  to  have  them  renewed  at  the  cost  of  his 
fellow  countrymen,  or  else  that  the  instruction  given  in  the 
day  school  is  more  than  the  average  pup'l  can  reasonably 
be  expected  to  keep  in  mind.  No  doubt  the  State  suffers 
by  the  culpable  as  well  as  by  the  inevitable  ignorance  of  its 
citizens,  but  to  accept  an  undue  share  of  responsibility  for 
removing  that  ignorance  would  be  to  defeat  the  very  object 
which  is  contemplated  by  its  grants. 

7  h  (IV). 

Ought  some  attendance  at  evening  schools  to  be  made  com- 
pulsory on  those  who  have  left  the  day  school  f  Com- 
pulsion most  undesirable  in  evening  schools. 

This  proposal  would  be  to  convert  the  privilege  of  leaving 
the  day  school  earlier  than  others,  earned  by  a  boy's  own 
diligence,  into  a  direct  jienalty  in  the  way  of  curtailing  his 
recreation.  If  the  compulsion  were  made  general,  how 
could  we  define  the  class  of  society  to  which  it  should 
apply  P  Attendance  at  day  schools  is  only  conditionally 
compulsory.  What  conditions  of  compulsion  could  apply 
to  evening  schools?  Even  the  "recreative"  form  of  in- 
struction, excellent  as  it  is  in  itself,  would  be  not  only 
mischievously  cramped  in  its  application,  but  entirely 
vitiated  in  its  essence,  if  any  attempt  were  made  either  to 
enforce  it  by  law,  or  to  sustain  it  by  Parliamentary  grants. 

Of  course  this  argument  imjilies  no  objection  whatever 
to  grants  either  for  "  technical  education  "  or  for  free 
libraries  and  museums,  which,  however,  would  probably 
be  better  without  any  direct  or  formal  connexion  with 
elementary  schools. 

Limitation  of  Grant,  8  (a)  III. 

Ought  the  17s.  fid.  limit  to  be  removed? — Yes. 
If  the  object  of  the  Ms.  6rf.  limit  is  supposed  to  be  the 
ensuring  of  a  contribution  towards  the  soliool  from  local 
rates  or  subscriptions,  as  a  condition  of  tlie  full  grant,  it 
is  palpably  ineffectual.  An  average  school  fee  of  6d.  a 
week,  paid  for  40  weeks  by  each  child  (every  such  child 
attending  with  absolute  punctuality),  would  qualify  the 
school  under  the  present  rule  for  a  grant  of  20s.  per  head, 
and  as  the  general  attendance  became  more  and  more 
irregular,  so  long  as  the  weekly  fee  was  paid   up,  the 


APPENDIXES   TO    PINAL    REPORT. 


463 


limitation  might  become  indefinitely  more  elastic.  For 
instance,  if  each  child,  whilst  still  paying  6d.  weekly, 
attended  only  half  the  school  meetings,  the  maximum 
grant  would  be  raised  to  21.,  i.e.,  of  course  upon  the  actual 
average,  special  attendances  not  being  counted.  On  the 
other  hand,  special  attendances  would  appear  to  be  in- 
cluded in  estimating  the  average  for  the  purposes  of  the 
limitation  of  the  grant  to  l/s.  M.,  where  this  latter 
limitation  applies.  By  defining  the  ordinary  fee  to  mean 
the  average  fee,  a  school  in  which  half  the  pupils  pay  more 
than  9d.  a  week  is  admitted  to  the  grant,  and  might  earn 
30s.  upon  the  "  actual "  average  attendance  if  the  items  of 
the  grant  came  to  so  much,  even  though  the  attendance 
were  invariably  as  large  as  the  register.  The  total  removal 
of  the  9d.  limit  has  already  been  suggested  in  this  paper  ; 
and,  as  a  natural  consequence,  the  17s.  6rf.  limitation 
ought  either  to  be  removed  altogether  (which  would  pro- 
bably be  best),  or  applied  to  all  schools  alike  (substituting, 
if  thought  well,  a  higher  figure  than  the  present),  what- 
ever the  amount  of  their  local  income.  At  the  same  time, 
as  it  is  perhaps  not  desirable  that  assisted  schools  should 
be  able  to  accumulate  funds  without  having  any  local 
income  except  that  arising  from  school  fees,  it  might  be 
laid  down  that  if,  in  any  school  year,  the  grant  and  fees 
together  exceeded  the  expenditure,  the  excess  should  be 
deducted  from  the  grant  of  the  following  year.  This 
would  be  a  check  upon  the  undue  growth  of  school  fees, 
which  the  present  rule  tends,  in  some  cases,  unfairly  to 
encourage. 

Cost  of  Education  to  Ratepayers,  8  (h). 

Independence  of  School  Boards  on  local  authorities  the 
fundamental  error. 

There  seems  no  justification  in  principle  for  the  existence 
of  an  independent  local  authority  for  educational  purposes 
only.  The  anomaly  probably  arises  from  the  circumstance 
of  Parliament  having  been  anxious  to  place  education 
under  boards  having  a  thoroughly  popular  basis,  when  no 
local  bodies  possessing  such  a  basis  existed  at  aU,  except 
in  borough  towns.  But  the  system  can  only  be  compared 
to  one  under  which  the  Education  Department  itself,  or 
any  other  branch  of  the  central  administration,  should  be 
directly  elected  by  tlie  House  of  Commons  for  three  years, 
and  rendered  absolutely  independent  of  the  Lords  of  the 
Treasury,  and  even  of  the  House  itself,  for  the  whole  of 
that  time.  The  supreme  local  authority,  having  the 
control  of  the  ratepayers'  purse,  should  surely  be  the  same 
for  educational  as  for  all  other  purposes.  Any  general 
local  authority,  with  a  sufficiently  large  area  under  its 
jurisdiction,  might  well  be  left  to  determine,  without  the 
control  of  the  Department,  what  accommodation  ought  to 
be  prox'ided,  and  how  far  voluntary  effort  was  adequate  to 
supplying  the  needs  of  the  district,  subject,  of  course,  to 
the  conditions  of  a  general  Act,  and  to  precautions  against 
any  such  deficiency  as  would  furnish  any  chUd  with  a  valid 
excuse  for  non-attendance.  Local  authorities  should  also 
have  express  nowers  to  make  agreements  with  voluntary 
bodies  for  joint  management  and  support,  reserving,  how- 
ever, a  final  veto  to  the  Education  Department.  There 
could  be  no  objection  to  giving  the  managers  appointed  by 
such  an  authority,  or  under  such  an  agreement,  a  some- 
what more  independent  position  than  board  school  mana- 
gers have  at  present. 

At  the  same  time  it  seems  very  undesirable  (in  large 
districts  such  as  the  metropolis)  that  the  whole  rate 
should  be  equally  distributed  over  the  whole  district, 
without  reference  to  the  benefit  derived  from  it  by  par- 
ticular portions  of  the  district.  The  expense  of  building 
might  be  charged  to  the  particular  locality  (of  course  with 
a  voice  as  to  what  building  was  required),  and  the  expense 
of  maintenance  to  the  district  at  large.  In  rural  districts 
generally  the  area  of  jurisdiction  (as  to  school  attendance) 
of  maintenance,  and  even  of  building,  should  surely  be 
larger  than  the  parish.  The  alteration  would  probably  be 
followed  at  once  by  the  voluntary  bodies. 

Voluntary  Subscribers,  8  (c). 

The  burden  borne  at  present  bjr  this  class  would 
obviously  in  any  degree,  directly  or  indirectly,  if  trans- 
ferred to  the  rates,  involve  corresponding  control  by  the 
ratepayers.  But  if  it  were  provided  that  any  agreement 
whatever,  within  the  terms  of  the  trust  deed,  might  be 
made  for  a  single  year  between  the  subscribers  and  the 
ratepayers  or  their  representatives,  leaving  permanent 
transfers  on  their  present  footing,  and  authorising,  during 
the  12  months  of  the  agreement,  the  appointment  by  the 
ratepayers  of  assessors  to  the  managers,  such  an  arrange- 
ment might  be  found  to  work  well. 

The  question  as  to  small  schools  has  already  been 
discussed  under  6  (A). 


TiiK  Burden  of  the  Cost  to  thb  Parents,  B  (d). 
School  Feet. 

The  whole  aim  of  the  compulsory  law  being  avowedly 
not  to  transfer  to  ratepayers  or  school  managers  the  rights 
and  responsibilities  of  parents,  but  to  secure  the  proper 
performance  of  parental  duty,  it  would  seem  undesirable, 
by  abolishing  the  school  fee,  to  lay  a  foundation  for  cur- 
tailing in  any  way  still  further  the  parents'  liberty  of 
choice  among  different  schools,  too  much  restricted  already 
in  school  board  districts  by  the  power  which  the  Depart- 
ment possesses  in  such  districts  of  refusing  grants  to 
schools,  whether  board  or  voluntary,  however  well  attended, 
which  it  may  consider  unnecessary.  An  efficient  school 
with  an  attendance  of  30  (or  60,  if  an  alteration  above 
suggested  were  adopted,)  is  surely  as  much  entitled  to 
recognition  mthin  a  school  board  district  as  outside  of  it. 
But  if  freedom  of  competition  is  claimed  for  the  sake  of 
upholding  parental  responsibility,  that  responsibility  must 
carry  \vith  it  the  liability  to  a  reasonable  payment.  The 
education  of  a  child  is  a  matter  of  interest  to  three  parties 
besides  tlie  child  himself:  the  parent,  the  neighbourhood, 
and  the  State.  It  is  an  inversion  of  sound  logic  to  say 
that  the  existence  of  a  compulsory  law  furnishes  a  ground 
for  gratuitous  education.  It  might  do  so  if  the  obUgation 
to  have  a  child  instructed  were  one  of  an  arbitrary 
character ;  but  that  obligation  is  recognised  as  reasonable 
in  itself  by  every  reasonable  parent.  What  the  State  does 
in  the  way  of  a  grant  is  simply  to  assist  public  education 
on  public  grounds.  It  is  intended  to  enable  the  parent  to 
give  not  the  minimum  education  which  he  is  bound  by 
law  to  provide,  but  one  somewhat  better.  It  is  of  the 
same  nature,  not  with  the  relief  of  the  poor,  but  with  the 
provision  of  the  British  Museum,  to  which  no  one  need 
go,  but  which  is  open  freely  to  the  richest  as  well  as  to 
the  poorest  citizen.  The  same  remark  applies  to  the  local 
school  rate  or  subscription.  But  the  grant  is  regulated, 
and  it  is  to  be  hoped  %vill  always  be  regulated,  on  the 
principle  of  "payment  by  results,"  because,  under  a 
compulsory  system,  some  portion  at  least  of  the  public  aid 
ought  to  be  so  arranged  as  to  give  the  parent  the  fullest 
assurance  of  his  child's  personal  participation  in  the 
benefits  of  the  system.  The  school  board  has  the  respon- 
sibility of  management,  and  is  therefore  not  in  a  position, 
as  Parliament  is,  to  make  its  expenditure  conditional  upon 
present  success. 


School  Boards,  10. 

(a.)  The  |)rinciple  of  proportionate  representation  (pre- 
ferably in  the  shape  of  the  transferable  vote,  where  a 
candidate  received  more  votes  from  the  latter  than  he 
required,  but  not  where  he  received  femer,)  should  be 
ap])lied  to  all  elections  for  local  authorities ;  but  the  co- 
optative  mode  of  fiUing  up  vacancies  seems  highly 
objectionable. 

The  general  question  of  the  relation  of  school  boards  to 
local  government  on  the  one  hand,  and  to  voluntary 
management  on  the  other,  has  been  discussed  already 
under  8  (6). 


OXXII. 


At  the  council  meeting  of  the  Northern  Union  of 
Schools  of  Cookery,  held  at  I/ceds  on  the  2nd  of  June, 
a  resolution  was  passed  to  the  following  effect: — ^"That 
"  the  Royal  Commissioners  on  the  Education  Acts  be 
"  petitioned,  at  once,  to  recommend  the  Lord  President 
"  to  place  the  4s.  grant  for  cooking  in  the  same  position 
"  as  the  grant  for  drawing,  i.e.,  paid  apart  from  the 
"  ordinary  grants." 

Similar  resolutions  were  passed  at  a  general  meeting  of 
the  Liverpool  Training  School  of  Cookery,  and  at  the 
conference  of  school  managers,  held  in  the  Liverpool  Town 
Hall  on  6th  of  June. 

'ITie  reason  for  this  recommendation  is  the  great  hin- 
drance to  the  spread  of  cookery  instruction  in  schools, 
arising  from  the  17s.  firf.  limit  of  grant,  which  in  well 
worked  schools  is  attained  by  the  usual  subjects,  so  that 
the  cookery  grant,  though  earned,  is  not  received.  The 
teaching  of  drawing  was  interfered  with  in  the  same  way 
until  the  Education  Department  replaced  the  grant  for 
drawing  apart  from  this  limitation. 

Cookery  being  a  practical  subject,  requiring  special 
outlay  for  teachers  and  utensils,  not  contemplated  when 


464 


ELEMENTARY   EDDGATION    ACTS   COMMISSION : 


the  limit  of  grant  was  fixed  in  1876,  it  is  essential  to  the 
schools  that  the  pfrant  for  cookery,  when  earned,  should  be 
received  in  full. 

If  so  recommended  by  the  Royal  Commissioners  on  the 
Education  Acts,  there  is  every  reason  to  hope  that  the  Lord 
President  may  see  his  way  to  making  the  desired  change. 


The  School  Attkndance  Committrb  of  the 
L1CHPIKL.D  Union. 

Justices'  Clerks  Fees,  &c.,  payable  through  Arthur 
Barnes.  Justice's  Clerk,  Lichfield,  on  prose- 
cutions for  non-attendance  of  Children  at  School. 


CXXIIL 


Petition  from  the  Liverpool  Training  School  of 
Cookery  to  the  Royal  Commissioners  on  the 
Education  Acts. 

The  Committee  of  the  Liverpool  Training  School  of 
Cookery  beg  to  lay  before  the  Royal  Commissioners  on  the 
Education  Acts  a  petition  with  reference  to  the  grant  for 
cookery  elementary  schools.  The  Committee  are  urged 
to  this  petition  by  appeals  on  the  subject  from  many  schools 
where  cookery  has  been  successfully  taught  but  no  grant 
received,  on  account  of  the  17s.  6d.  limit  of  grant. 

Being  keenly  alive  to  the  pressing  need  of  inculcating 
the  thrifty  use  of  foods  (both  as  regards  selection  and 
])reparation )  upon  women  of  all  classes,  but  especially  the 
wives  of  working  men ;  and  at  the  same  time  deeply 
regretting  the  hindrance  to  such  instruction  under  the 
name  of  practical  cookery  in  elementary  schools,  caused  by 
the  difficulty  of  obtaining  the  grant,  the  Committee  pray 
the  Commissioners  to  aid  their  efforts  to  forward  this  most 
important  subject,  by  recommending  the  Lord  President 
to  place  the  grant  for  cookery  in  the  same  position  as 
that  for  drawing,  i.e.,  to  be  paid  apart  from  the  ordinary 
grants. 

The  Committee  would  pray  that  this  recommendation  be 
made  at  the  present  time,  as  the  delay  in  waiting  for  the 
general  report  of  the  Commissioners  to  Her  Majesty  to 
take  effect,  would  cavise  a  large  number  of  girls,  who  must 
necessarily  leave  school  before  that  time,  to  lose  the  benefit 
of  this  valuable  instruction. 

As  a  further  reason  for  urging  their  petition  the  Com- 
mittee would  respectfully  remind  the  Commissioners  of  the 
check  which  drawing  recently  received  by  including  it 
amongst  the  ordinary  grants,  and  of  the  almost  immediate 
action  of  the  Education  Department  in  replacing  drawing 
on  the  former  footing,  independent  of  all  other  grants. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Committee  of  th? 
Liverpool  Training  School  of  Cookery, 
Ellen  Rowland  Williams, 

President. 
Fanny  L.  Calder, 

Hon.  Sec. 

June  16,  1887. 


Sir, 


CXXIV. 

Lichfield  Union. 

School  Attendance  Committee. 

The  Close,  Lichfield, 

July  2,  1887. 
On  the  19th  November  of  last  year  I  addressed  a 
letter  to  you  by  the  desire  of  the  above-named  Committee, 
of  which  I  am  chairman,  on  several  matters,  which,  as 
worked  at  present,  interfere  sadly  with  the  action  of  the 
Committee,  in  the  hope  that  the  Royal  Education  Com- 
mission might  make  some  suggestions  towards  amend- 
ment.' 

I  am  desired  by  the  Committee  to  forward  to  you,  for 
the  information  of  the  Commission,  and  in  illustration  of 
the  point,  brought  forward  in  my  last  letter,  and  headed 
paragraph  No.  V.,  a  copy  of  a  bill  of  charges  made  by  the 
clerk  of  one  of  the  bench  of  magistrates,  before  whom 
prosecutions  under  the  Education  Acts  are  heard  in  this 
union.  This  bill  the  union  will  have  to  pay.  As  will  be 
seen  the  amount  of  the  fines  is  very  small  as  compared  with 
t  he  charges. 

I  ought  to  add  that  two  other  benches  of  magistrates  in 
the  union  do  not  render  such  bills. 

The  Committee,  however,  feel  that  it  ought  not  to  rest 
with  any  particular  bench  to  be  able  to  throw  such  dis- 
couragement on  the  working  of  the  Education  Acts. 

I  have,  &c. 
The  Secretary,  John  G.  Lonsdale. 

,  .„£ducation  Commission, 


1886. 

Nov.  19 

I  471.  Thomas  Mobertt  {Fined  H.  6d.) 
Information,  smmnons,  and  copy 

s. 
2 

d. 
6 

».  d. 

Examination           .... 

1 

0 

Conviction  and  filing           -           -       - 

;i 

C 

Police  fees  for  service 

1 

0 

8 

0 

Deduct   fine  ordered   to   be   applied ) 
towards  costs      -           -          -           -  i 

2 

0 

6    0 

1887.     , 

Mar.  11 

K  76.  James  Hawkins  (.Pined  5».) 

Information,  summons,  and  copy 

2 

8 

Examination  .          -          .          .       - 

1 

0 

Conviction  and  fllins 

3 

a 

Police  fees  for  service 

1 

8 

0 
0 

Deduct   fine  ordered   to   Iw  applied  ■( 
towards  costs             -          -             -  > 

4 

(! 

3    C 

May 

K  172.  Thomas  Cadman  {Fined  6d.) 

Information,  summons,  and  copy 

2 

G 

Examination  ..... 

1 

0 

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3 

e 

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1 

0 

8    0 

K  17.?.  rienry  Wedge  {Adjourned  fov 
•i  Monthi). 

Intoi-jnation,  summons,  and  copy 

2 

0 

Adjournments        .... 

2 

0 

Police  fees  for  service 

1 

0 

Ti    0 

K  174.  William  Muring  {Fined  Is.) 

Information,  summons,  and  ropy 

2 

t! 

Examination  .          .          ■           -       - 

1 

n 

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S 

0 

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1 

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£1  11  0 

oxxv. 

Extracts  from  Report  of  the  Committee  for  providing 
Cheap  Dinners  for  children  attending  the  Elemen- 
tary Schools  in  Birmingham,  188f)-1887  addressed 
to  the  Secretary  by  Mr.  O.  Airy,  H.M.L 

Oentres  of  Distribution  Baskets. 

1 .  The  work  of  the  past  year  has  been  eminently  suc- 
cessful. By  the  ojiening  of  fresh  centres  of  distribution, 
and  by  the  increased  use  of  baskets,  in  whieh  the  cooked 
food  is  carried  to  the  schools  lying  at  an  inconvenient  dis- 
tance from  the  centres,  the  needs  of  the  whole  town  are 
now  satisfactorily  met. 

Two  systems. 

2.  Two  systems  are  at  present  in  action.  According  to 
one  the  price  charged  is  \d.,  which  both  covers  the  cost  of 
dinner,  including  all  current  expenses,  and  Icr^vos  in  addi- 
tion a  sum  to  the  credit  of  the  fund.  Ry  the  other,  id. 
is  charged,  which,  while  covering  the  cost  of  food,  leaves 
the  current  expenses  to  be  borne  by  the  funds  of  the  com- 
mittee. , 


APPENDIXES   TO  FINAL   EEPOET. 


465 


Figures  on  the  two  Systems  respeetwely. 

3.  At  the  halfi)enny  centres  there  have  been  given  since 
November  last  143,627  dinners,  at  a  cost  of  318^.  'Js..^\d., 
including  all  current  expenses ;  each  dinner  has  thus  coat 
•53  of  a  penny. 

At  the  farthing  centres  the  correspon.-iing  figures  are 
212,853  ;  'Mbl.  VJs.  A^d.  ;  -39  of  a  penny.  The  cost  of  food 
alone  has  been  '46  and  "29  of  a  penny  on  the  two  systems 
respectively. 

Totalfigures. 

4.  The  total  number  of  dinners  is  thus  356,480  at  a  cost 
of  664/.  !>».  \d.,  including  all  current  expenses,  and  of 
528/.  38.  llrf.,  including  food  alone,  each  dinner  having 
thus  on  the  average  cost  "45  or  '36  according  as  the  current 
expenses  are  or  are  not  included. 

Character  of  Dinners. 

5.  The  dinner  consists  of  an  ample  supply  of  good  soup 
(or  bread  anil  milk)  and  a  large  slice  of  bread  and  jam. 
Dr.  Alfred  Hill,  the  borough  medical  officer  of  health,  has 
voluntarily  given  his  very  favourable  testimony  to  the 
halfpenny  dinners,  while  the  "  Lancet"  for  December  18, 
1886,  speaks  of  the  farthing  dinners  from  the  hygenic  point 
of  view  in  terms  of  high  praise.  Similar  expressions  of 
surprise  and  ajiproval  have  been  received  from  high 
medical  authorities  in  this  and  other  towns. 

Free  Dinners, 

6.  The  free  dinners,  provided  out  of  the  funds  of  the 
committee,  are  four-fifths  of  the  whole.  There  has  been  a 
satisfactory  diminution  in  what  threatened  to  be  a  serious 
drawback  to  the  usefulness  of  the  work,  the  distribution  of 
tickets  by  charitably  disposed  persons  without  proper 
investigation. 

Support  from  the  Teachers. 

7.  From  the  teachers  of  the  board  schools,  no  less  a  sum 
than  280/.  has  been  received  for  the  work,  and  from  those 
of  the  voluntary  schools,  whose  organisation  for  such  pur- 
poses has  been  only  lately  established,  about  100/. 

Nothing  could  'more  strongly  testify  at  once  to  the 
constant  readiness  of  the  teachers  to  do  all  they  can  to 
alleviate  the  distress  which  is  every  day  before  their  eyes, 
and  to  their  beUef  in  the  value  of  this  particular  work. 

Beneficial  effects. 

8.  Continued  testimony  is  being  produced  as  to  the 
beneficial  effects  ^besides  the  physical  relief)  of  the  din- 
ners upon  the  children,  educational  and  moral.  Im- 
proved attendance,  diminution  of  casual  child  begging, 
prevention  of  crime  and  vagrancy,  and  in  especial  the 
growtli  of  a  far  better  feeling  between  the  parents  on  the 
one  side,  and  the  teacher  and  visiting  officer  on  the  other, 
are  among  the  direct  results.  The  Committee  have  no 
hesitation  in  saying  that  through  this  work  vast  benefit 
has  been,  during  the  past  winter  and  spring,  conferred 
both  upon  the  daily  life  of  the  schools,  and  upon  the  town 

at  large.  ,t  .*  t 

Osmund  Airy,  H.M.I., 

Chairman. 


OXXVII. 

Letter  from  the  Clerk  to  the  Guakuians  of  the 
Poor  of  the  Parish  of  St.  Leonaku,  Shorbuitch, 
Middlesex. 

Sir,  16th  June  1887. 

I  AM  directed  by  the  guardians  to  bring  under  the 
notice  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  the  subject 
of  the  education  of  pauper  children  in  workhouse,  district, 
or  certified  schools. 

This  subject  has  been  receiving  the  guardians'  con- 
sideration for  some  time  past,  with  special  reference  to  new 
schools  about  to  be  erected  by  them,  and  they  have  been 
in  communication  with  the  Local  Government  Board 
thereupon,  with  the  result  that  the  guardians  are  informed 
that  the  question  whether  the  assimilation  of  the  Local 
Government  Board  system  and  the  Education  Department 
system  of  education  would  be  desirable,  is  one  which  ^vill 
be  probably  considered  by  the  Royal  Commission  on 
Education  now  sitting. 

The  guardians  feel  very  strongly  that  the  teaching 
power  of  the  school  to  be  provided  by  them  should  not 
be  weaker  than  that  of  an  outside  elementary  school ;  that 
its  teachers  should  have  the  same  status;  and  that  the 
teaching  should  be  in  continuation  of  and  in  harmony 
with  that  received  by  the  children  in  public  elementary 
schools  before  admission  to  the  workhouse. 

Trained  teachers  are  averse  to  taking  appointments  in 
poor  law  schools ;  and  although  in  the  school  proposed  to 
be  erected  by  the  guardians  it  is  intended  that  the 
teachers  should  be  non-resident,  and  perform  no  other 
duties  than  teaching,  the  aversion  will  not  be  removed  so 
long  as  the  period  of  service  is  not  of  equal  value  to  them 
with  regard  to  their  certificates,  and  they  are  removed  from 
the  knowledge  of  the  Education  Department,  and  remain 
under  any  disability  whatever. 

The  guardians  consider  that  the  question  is  one  of  great 
importance,  inasmuch  as  it  affects  the  education  of  nearly 
40,000  children  who  are  at  present  outside  the  cognizance 
of  the  Department  specially  charged  with  the  elementary 
education  of  the  country,  with  the  result  that  the  best  and 
most  efiicient  teachers  are  deterred  from  engaging  in  the 
education  of  such  children. 

'  I  am.  Sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

ROBT.    ClyAY, 

To  the  Secretary,  Clerk. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education, 
Whitehall,  S.W. 


I 


CXXVL 

Resolution  passed  by  the  Primitive  Methodist 
Conference  sitting  at  Scarborough. 
My  Lords  and  Gentlemen,  June  17th,  1887. 

The    Primitive  Methodist  Conference  now  sitting 
has  passed  the  following  resolution,  viz.  :— 

"That  in  the  judgment  of  the  Conference,  representing  a 
membership  in  Great  Britain  of  180,045,  and  adherents 
numbering  536,918,  a  large  proportion  of  whom  are  found 
in  the  rural  districts,  the  present  system  of  denommational 
education  tends  to  the  perpetuation  of  religious  inequality 
and  impoverishment  of  education,  and  imposes  disabilities 
upon  those  who  are  united  with  us  in  the  fellowship  of 
religious  life,  which  ought  not  to  be  inflicted  upon  them  ; 
we  therefore  consider  that  all  legitimate  endeavours  should 
be  made  to  secure  the  extension  of  the  school  board  system 
and  the  adoption  of  a  national  system  of  education  that 
will  be  equitable  to  all." 

Yours,  on  behali  ol  the 
Conference, 
Thomas  Whitehead, 

President. 
Gkorob  Seaman, 
The  Royal  Commission  Secretary, 

on  the  Education  .\cts. 


CXXVIIL 

Strathmore,  Dorking 
Sir,  June  11th,  188?. 

The  board  of  management  of  the  North  Surrey 
District  School  desires  to  draw  the  attention  of  the  Royij 
Commission  on  Education  to  the  great  injustice  which 
teachers  in  poor  law  schools  suffer  by  the  withholding 
from  them  of  the  parchment  certificate  of  proficiency. 
This  special  form  of  recognition  is,  of  course,  highly  prized, 
but,  under  existing  rules,  students  who,  upon  leaving 
training  colleges,  accept  positions  in  poor  law  schools 
cannot  obtain  this  certificate  as  long  as  they  remain  as 
teachers  in  schools  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Local 
Government  Board.  This  rule  naturally  acts  detrimentally 
to  the  best  interests  of  these  institutions,  as  it  prevents 
students  with  higher  qualifications  seeking  employment 
therein. 

Now,  considering  that  the  class  of  children  found  in 
poor  law  schools  are  not  in  any  essential  degree  different 
from  those  found  in  ordinary  national  and  board  schools, 
it  is  just  as  necessary  and  important  that  teachers  of  the 
same  cpialifications  should  be  employed ;  in  fact,  if  there 
be  any  difference  in  the  children,  it  is  such  as  to  require 
rather  an  increase  of  intelligence  and  teaching  power  on 
the  part  of  the  teacher  than  otherwise. 

Numerous  instances  have  occurred  during  the  large 
experience  of  the  managers  of  this  school  in  which  teachers 
who  were  on  all  other  grounds  willing  to  accept  positions 
therein,  felt  obliged,  reluctantly,  to  withdraw  when  they 
realised  that  they  could  not  obtain  this  parchment  certi- 
ficate as  long  as  they  remained  in  the  managers'  employ, 
however  assiduous  in  the  performance  of  their  duties  and 
successful  in  iinuarting  knowledge  to  the  children  under 
their  care. 


466 


ELBMENTAKT   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION ; 


Under  these  circumstances  the  managers  earnestly  hope 
that  means  will  be  found  by  which  this  great  injustice 
may  be  remedied. 

I  am,  Sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
H.  J.  Chaldkcott, 

Clerk  to  the  Board  of 
To  the  Secretary  of  the     ^  Management. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CXXIX. 

Westminster  Union. 

Sib,  4th  July  188/. 

I  AM  directed  by  the  guardians  of  the  poor  of  this 
union   to   inform    you    that   they   have   had   under   con- 
sideration copy  of  a  communication  addressed  to  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Education  by  the  managers  of  the  North 
Surrey   District   School,   calling   attention    to    the    great 
injustice  which  teachers  in  poor  law  schools  suffer  by  the 
withholding  from   them   of  the   parchment   certificate  of 
proficiency.     The  guardians  entirely  concur  in   the  views 
expressed  by  the  managers  of  the  North  Surrey  Schools, 
and  trust  that  the  Royal  Commission  ^rill  be  able  to  adopt 
means   with    a    view    to    remedy   what    appears    to    the 
guardians  an  injustice  to  the  class  of  teachers  referred  to. 
I  have  the  honour  to  be. 
Sir, 
Your  obedient  servant, 
J.  Bond, 
To  the  Secretary  of  the  Clerk  to  the  Guardians. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


cxxx. 

To   the   Chairman  of  the  Commission  on    National 
Education. 

Suggestions  made  by  the  Rev.  Canon  Melville. 

ITie  College,  Worcester, 
May  25,  1^87. 

Having  been  informed  that  the  Education  Com- 
mission embraces  in  its  inquiry  every  point  of  the  subject, 
the  Rev.  Canon  Melville  respectfully  begs  to  lay  before  that 
Commission  a  matter  which  has  an.\iously  engaged  him 
"ver  since  the  passing  of  the  Act  in  1870,  namely,  the 
religious  element  under  the  clause  1-1  (2)  of  that  Act, 
ordinarily,  from  its  authorship,  called  the  Cowper-Temple 
clause. 

The  jianic  that  prevailed,  and  not  altogether  unreason- 
ably prevailed,  under  the  active  propagandism  of  the  Bir- 
mingham League,  induced  a  hasty  clutch  at  any  straw  that 
might  serve  to  prevent  what  was  feared  as  the  imminent 
advent  of  a  secular  system  pure  and  simple.  Hence  the 
London  School  Board  met  as  soon  as  it  was  formed,  and 
passed  the  resolution  that  "  the  scripture  should  be  read 
and  the  principles  of  morality  taught." 

This  ran,  of  course,  through  the  rountiy  as  the  standard 
of  religious  teaching  iiossible  under  the  Act,  and  before 
long  a  prominent  prelate  was  heard  declaring  on  a  platform, 
that  "if  he  taught  the  first  article  of  the  Apostle's  Creed, 
he  was  liable  to  be  sent  to  prison."  Never  was  there  a 
clearer  illustration  that  "  fear  is  the  betrayer  of  the  succours 
which  reason  olfereth." 

It  has  taken  many  years  and  much  exposition  to  get  a 
truer  conception  of  the  case  into  the  minds  of  men.  Some 
counter  evidence  is,  however,  now  available.  The  last  time 
an  accurate  return  of  the  leligious  teaching  in  board 
schools  was  attainable,  it  seemed  that  between  50  and  60 
board  schools  taught  the  Apostle's  Creed,  that  in  no  in- 
stance had  the  legality  of  such  teaching  been  challenged, 
and  I  know  of  one  town  wliere  the  programme  of  the  reli- 
gious instruction  in  a  board  school,  with  this  as  a  main 
element,  was  proposed  by  the  vicar  and  seconded  by  the 
Wesleyan  minister. 

When  in  18/6  Lord  Sandon  was  passing  his  amended 
Act  through  the  House  of  Commons,  Mr.  Cowper-Temple, 
having  felt  the  mischief  that  had  been  caused  by  the  narrow 
interjiretation  given  through  the  early  action  of  school 
boards,  framed  and  projioscd  a  new  clause  distinctly  de- 
claring that  the  clause  14  (2)  of  the  Act  of  1870,  did  not 
exclude  the  Apostle's  Creed.  To  my  mind,  as  I  maintained 
at  the  Church  Congress  at  Southampton  in  1870,  the 
words  cf  the  original  clause  were  in  themselves  clear  on  the 
pomt.  That  only  was  not  to  be  taught  "  which  is  distinc- 
tive of  any  particular  denomination,"  so  that  anything 
held  by  two  or  more  in  common  was  and  is  teachable. 


You  may  not,  of  course,  teach  the  whole  Catechism,  the 
latter  part  being  exclusively  appropriate  to  the  Church  of 
England,  just  as  you  cannot  put  up  over  a  board  school 
a  denominational  designation,  but  the  Creed,  the  Lord's 
Praver,  and  the  Ten  Connnandnients,  are  within  the  letter 
of  the  law  restricting  the  religious  teaching. 

Lord  Sandon  and  the  Government  of  the  day  were  quite 
willing  to  admit  and  incorporate  the  jjrojrased  exegesis,  but 
the  session  was  within  a  day  or  two  of  its  close,  and  it  had 
to  be  given  up  for  fear  a  ])rolonged  religious  debate  should 
imperil  the  Bill.  It  was  moved  when  the  Bill  went  to  the 
House  of  Lords,  and  was  only  not  jiressed  and  passed 
because  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  said  it  was  so  clearly 
the  case  that  its  assertion  was  superfluous.  Such,  how- 
ever, is  far  from  being  the  ordinary  mind  and  intelligence. 
The  original  mistaken  interpretation  of  the  clause  generally 
obtains,  as  a  practical  result  at  least,  though  not  as  a 
reasonable  construction.  The  admission,  then,  of  the  educa- 
tional basis  laid  down  in  the  baptismal  service,  "  the  Creed, 
the  Lord's  Prayer,  to  the  Ten  Commandments  "  being 
decidedly  legal,  let  me  add  a  few  reasons  why  it  is  most 
important  that  such  basis  to  the  religious  teaching  in 
board  schools  should,  if  possible,  receive  authoritative 
sanction. 

A  basis  of  some  sort,  i.e.,  something  which  shall  be,  as 
it  were,  its  chart  and  compass,  is  necessary  to  any  subject 
of  instruction.  Some  supply  of  postulates  and  axioms; 
some  alphabet  and  graniniar ;  some  systematic  indication 
of  its  whence,  where,  and  whither  are  required  for  what 
has  to  be  thoroughly  and  soundly  imparted,  be  the  subject- 
matter  what  it  may. 

Religious  teaching,  perhaps,  experimentally  makes  this 
demand.  .  It  is  otherwise  exposed  to  two  opposite  evils, 
unreality  or  fanaticism.  Ordinarily  it  results  in  an  unsub- 
stantial vague  iteration,  but  if  I  wanted  to  throw  the  reins 
to  the  extremest  views,  I  should  commit  to  the  teacher's 
hands  the  Bible,  subject  to  no  guide  or  restraint  but  his 
own  interpretation.  So  mistaken  is  the  notion  of  those 
who  clamour  for  the  text  without  formulated  system  in 
order  to  counteract  distinct  doctrine.  For  the  security, 
then,  of  soundness  and  moderation,  a  scheme  or  basis  is 
necessary.  That  laid  down  in  the  baptismal  service  meets 
this  need,  whilst  at  the  same  time  it  happens  to  fall  in  with 
what  the  Act  of  18/0  restrictively  laid  down,  and  being,  as 
it  is,  the  educational  requirement  enjoined  by  the  Church, 
it  ought  to  satisfy,  as  a  scholastic  element,  those  who  feel 
anxious  or  even  jealous,  concerning  Church  conditions.  It 
is  not,  of  course,  the  whole  of  the  Church  Catechism. 
That  very  important  part  added  later  whicli  concerns  the 
sacraments  cannot  be  taught  in  board  schools.  They  are 
pecuHar  and  distinctively  our  own,  and  therefore  excluded. 
But  that  same  injunction  in  the  bajitismal  service  seems 
to  preclude  this  being  an  objection.  We  are  concerned 
only  with  religion  as  an  element  of  general  education,  and 
the  charge  to  sponsors  touching  that,  is  simply  and 
solely,  that  the  child  is  to  learn  "  the  Creed,  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  the  Ten  Commandments."  Farther  on  in  the 
service  indeed,  in  a  totally  separate  injunction,  it  repeats 
this  formula,  and  adds,  "  and  is  farther  instructed  in  the 
Church  Catechism  set  forth  for  that  purpose." 

But  this  follows  on  the  admonition  that  the  child  is  to 
be  brought  to  the  bishop  for  confirmation,  and  so  concerns 
the  pastoral  not  the  educational  office.  "I  hat  [lurpose  " 
clearly  settles  that  the  last  part  of  the  Catechism  is 
concerned  exclusively  with  the  preparation  for  confirma- 
tion, confirmation  being  "  that  purpose  "  for  which  it  is 
declared  to  be  "  set  forth."  Not  only,  then,  is  a  basis 
necessary,  but  this  basis  meets  both  the  requirements  of 
the  law  and  the  requirements  of  the  Church,  so  far  as  the 
Christian  element  in  mere  education  is  concerned,  and  so 
inoffensively  to  all  parties  would  rescue  a  very  considerable, 
and  probably  increasing  part  of  the  national  education, 
from  that  jieril  to  which  under  its  present  condition,  reli- 
gious instruction  is  exposed. 

That  a  syllabus  of  religious  instruction,  based  on  some 
formulated  conditions,  is  a  felt  want,  has  been  proved  by 
some  school  boards,  notably  that  of  Manchester.  The 
members  thereof,  under  the  guidance  of  wise  churchmen, 
soon  saw  the  extreme  peril  to  anything  like  sound  know- 
ledge, which  lay  in  the  shadowy,  however  well-meant 
resolution  of  the  London  School  Board,  and  a  systematic 
scheme  was  formulated  and  is  in  force.  A  few  other  boards 
have  attempted  something  of  the  same.  The  uiajority  still 
pursue  a  haphazard  course,  if  any.  It  surely  would  be 
well  if  that  which  would  give  security  to  sound  teaching 
should  insure  also  unity,  if  not  uniformity  in  its  mode.  A 
national  system,  even  though  as  ours  now,  not  exactly  at 
one  might  still  agree  in  its  principle  of  method,  even 
though  it  differed  somewhat  in  the  amount  of  formulated 
instruction  that  method  entailed. 


APPENDIXES   TO   FINAL   REPORT. 


J  67 


Another  consideration,  and  u  very  important  one,  Ijeariiijj 
on  what  I  would  urue,  is  that  of  school  teachers  as  they 
issue  from  training  colleges.  The  most  of  these  colleges 
belong  to  the  National  Church,  and  impart  strictly  Church 
training.  Yet  many  teachers  pass  out  thence  straightway 
to  board  schools.  They  cannot  teach  the  full  formula 
which  in  the  practising  schools  tliey  have  imparted,  and  in 
their  own  education  imbibed,  and  they  consequently  feel 
quite  at  sea,  aiul  know  not  what  to  do,  with  very  unhappy 
results  both  to  themselves  and  their  classes.  If  there  were 
a  recognised  basis,  vi^.,  that  on  which  I  have  dwelt,  a 
syllabus  could  at  once  be  formed,  and  training  colleges 
might  and  should  accustom  their  pupils  to  either  system. 
These  pupils  are  quite  free  to  choose  their  own  schools,  and 
the  higher  pay  at  board  schools  naturally  attracts  the  best 
teachers.  It  were  well  then,  in  this  important  matter,  that 
the  training  colleges  should  send  forth  those  it  trains,  "in 
utrumque  paratos,"  church  or  board  schools,  since  they 
are  free  to  engage  themselves  at  whichever  they  please. 

I  may  add,  in  conclusion,  that  I  am  sure  if  the  popular 
mind  and  will  on  this  point  could  be  taken,  on  nothing 
could  there  be  so  general  a  plebiscite.  Of  course  it  is  im- 
possible to  make  it  exactly  intelligible  to  the  many,  but 
were  it  possible,  that  same  desire  which  even  the  lowest 
and  degraded  portion  of  the  population  have  that  their 
children  should  be  religiously  taught,  would,  we  cannot 
doubt,  embrace  gladly  whatever  would  make  religious 
teaching  more  sound  and  secure.  Apart  from  all  exclu- 
sively ecclesiastic  considerations,  can  even  the  Church  afford 
not  to  recognise  and  confirm  this  religious  instinct  even 
though  the  degree  in  which  what  is  proposed  would 
so  do,  would  not  meet  its  own  highest  principles  and  its 
fullest  aspirations  ? 

Canon  Melville  has  not  dwelt  on  that  interpretation  of 
the  Cowper-Teraple  clause  which  at  first  so  generally  ob- 
tained and  still  to  some  extent  exists,  namely,  that  nothing 
religious  could  be  taught  against  which  any  sect  or  body 
of  men  objected,  seeing  that  such  rendering  is  not  justified 
by  the  letter  of  the  cla\ise,  and  could  only  secure  by  an 
indirect  and  disingenuous  mode  a  purely  secular  system, 
even  were  the  clause  capable  of  being  twisted  into  such 
meaning,  as  there  is  no  religious  teaching  conceivable, 
however  meagre  and  restricted,  against  which  some  body 
of  opinion  might  not  be  found  to  object. 

The  College,  Worcester, 
May  26,  1887. 


CXXXI. 

Suggestion  made  by  the  Rev.  G.  F.  Browne. 

Syndicate  Buildings,  Cambridge, 
Sir,  June  4,  1887. 

May  I  be  allowed  to  bring  before  your  notice  the 
work  of  the  Cambridge  Local  Lectures,  in  its  relation  to 
pupil-teachers  and  teachers  in  elementary  schools. 

For  a  considerable  number  of  years  classes  of  pupil- 
teachers  have  attended  our  courses  of  lectures  in  ime  town 
and  another,  and  each  term  we  hear  of  teachers  of  elemen- 
tary schools  attending  and  obtaining  certificates. 

On  pages  1/  to  24  of  the  enclosed  report  of  a  conference 
held  in  the  Senate  House  on  March  !)th,  you  will  find 
some  remarks  of  a  practical  character  on  the  subject.  I 
enclose  also  a  list  of  the  courses  of  lectures  given  in  the 
last  two  terms. 

I  shall  be  happy  to  give  any  explanations,  orally  or  by 
letter. 

I  do  not  know  whether  the  Commission  have  considered 
the  suljjcct  which  a  deputation  brouiibt  before  the  Vice- 
I'resident  of  the  Council  on  the  2Ist  May,  viz.,  the  possi- 
bility of  attordmg  to  selected  jwrsons  among  those  who  are 
being  framed  to  serve  as  masters  and  mistresses  in  elemen- 
tary schools,  the  opportunity  of  obtaining  some  wider 
education  for  a  time  at  one  of  ihe  universities.  I  ventured 
to  suggest  to  Sir  W.  Hart  Dyke  that  three  terms'  residence 
and  study  at  the  university  after  the  course  of  training 
was  completed,  might  produce  very  valuable  results  in  the 
case  of  persons  specially  selected  in  each  year. 

I  am  urged  by  some  of  those  who  take  a  deep  interest  in 
the  subject,  and  are  acquainted  with  the  feeling  among 
elementary  teachers,  and  by  my  own  anxiety,  that  this 
subject  should  receive  careful  consideration  at  the  present 
crisis,  to  exp'-ess  a  willingness  to  place  some  suggestions 
at  your  disposal  if  you  are  willing  to  receive  them,  either 
orally  or  by  letter. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be. 
Sir. 
Yours  very  faithfully, 
The  Secretary  of  the  G.  F.  Browne. 

Royal  (yoininission  on 
Klenientary  Education. 


CXXXll. 
-Vationau  Union  ok  Elembntarv  Trachbrk. 

„     ,  '  30,  Fleet  Street,  London,  B.C., 

My  Lord,  May  Slst,  1887. 

I  AM  instructed  by  the  Executive  of  the  National 
Union  of  Elementary  Teachers  to  forward,  for  the  informa- 
tion of  the  Royal  Commission  now  sitting,  copies  of  some 
important  resolutions  adopted  by  the  Conference  of  the 
Union  at  their  last  annual  meeting  held  in  Portsmouth 
during  Easter  week  of  this  year. 

The  resolutions  directly  represent  the  opinions  of  the 
I3,0(H)  teachers  who  are  members  of  the  Union,  and 
indirectly  those  of  the  whole  body  of  elementary  teachers 
in  England  and  Wales.  Most  of  the  principles  underlying 
the  resolutions  have  been  affirmed  over  and  over  again 
during  the  past  17  years,  but  it  has  been  thought  advisable 
to  emphasise  them  at  the  present  time,  when  a  Royal 
Commission  is  inquiring  into  the  whole  question  of 
elementary  education.  It  was  impossible  within  the  time 
available  at  one  conference  to  traverse  the  whole  field  of 
your  inquiry,  and  the  resolutions  now  submitted  do  not 
therefore  contain  all  the  oritieisms  and  suggestions  which 
the  Union  would  desire  to  place  before  you.  But,  as  far 
as  they  go,  they  carry  with  them  the  recent  approval  ot 
the  Conference,  and  may  be  regarded  as  an  authoritative 
expression  of  the  wishes  of  the  elementary  teachers  at  the 
present  time. 


Resolutions. 

I.  Payment  by  Results. — Freedom  of  Classification. 

"  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Conference,  the  so-called 
system  of  payment  by  results  has  seriously  injured 
the  methods  of  instruction  and  inspection  in  elemen- 
tary schools,  has  lowered  the  ideal  of  educational 
work  throughout  the  country,  and  has  retarded  to  a 
disastrous  extent  the  intellectual  teaching  of  the 
scholars.  This  Conference  is  also  of  opinion  that 
the  system  forces  upon  teachers  against  their  will 
the  use  of  unscientific  and  mechanical  methods  of 
teaching,  encourages  cram,  and  has  introduced  into 
elementary  schools  debased  and  improper  methods 
of  classification  and  inspection.  This  Conference  is 
further  of  opinion  that  no  system  of  administration 
or  inspection  will  secure  the  best  results  of  elemen- 
tary education  which  prevents  the  classification  of 
scholars  according  to  their  attainments  and  abilities, 
and  hinders  the  use  of  rational  methods  of  instruc- 
tion. 

II.  The  Teaching  of  Drawiny. 

"That  this  Conference,  being  desirous  of  extending 
and  improving  the  teaching  of  drawing  in  ele- 
mentary schools,  notes  with  satisfaction  the  con- 
cessions recently  made  by  the  removal  of  the  grant 
for  drawing  from  the  operation  of  Art.  1 14,  and  the 
modification  of  the  requirements  in  drawing  in  the 
upper  standards ,  but  is  of  opinion  that  these  re- 
quirements are  still  excessive,  especially  in  the 
subject  of  solid  geometry,  and  that  the  late  basis  of 
payment,  viz..  Is.  for  "  fair,"  and  2s.  for  "  good," 
OD  the  average  sttendance,  should  be  restored.  The 
Conference  is  furtber  of  opinion  that  none  but  pro- 
pel ly  qualified  teachers  should  be  appointed  as  local 
superintendents,  and  hereby  instructs  the  General 
Secretary  to  communicate  at  once  with  the  Science 
and  Art  Ue|)artment  on  the  subject,  and  to  urge  the 
Department  to  rescind  the  regulation  prohibiting 
the  teaching  of  drawing  in  mixed  and  girls'  schools, 
unless  cookery  is  taken  as  a  class  subject  in  addition 
to  English  and  needlework." 

III.  The  Merit  Grant. 

"That  this  Conference  again  urges  the  Department 
to  abolish  the  merit  grant,  on  the  ground  that  it 
has  failed  in  its  object,  and  to  add  a  fixed  sum  to 
the  capitation  grant  in  lieu  of  it." 

IV.  Pensions  under  Minutes  of  1846  and  1851. 

"  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Conference,  the  con- 
ditions upon  which  |)ensions  are  now  awarded 
under  Art.  134  of  the  Code  do  not  fulfil  the 
promises  held  out  to  teachers  and  pupil-teachers 
in  the  minutes  in  force  from  1847  to  l,S6a,  and  that 
in  the  interests  of  education,  as  well  as  of  justice, 
these  conditions  should  be  so  amended  us  to  secure 
a  complete  fulfilment  of  those  promises." 


u     55387. 


3  0 


468 


ELEMENTARY    EOUCATIOxN    ACTS   COMMISSION: 


V.  Means  of  Appeal. —  Capricious  Dismissal  of  Teachers. 
"  'ITiat,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Conference,  the  reports 

of  Her  Majesty's  Inspectors  on  elementary  schools 
should  in  every  case  be  sent  to  the  managers  within 
a  fortnight  after  the  close  of  the  examination,  and 
if  a  second  examination  be  demanded,  it  should 
take  place  within  another  fortnight,  and  be  held  in 
the  presence  of  authorised  representatives  of  the 
managers  and  teachers." 
"  That  the  Executive  be  instructed  to  take  immediate 
steps  to  bring  before  the  Royal  Commission  and 
the  Education  Department  the  pressing  need  for 
securing  teachers  against  unjust  and  capricious 
dismissal,  and  that  this  Conference  is  of  opinion 
that  the  relief  sought  for  might  easily  and  naturally 
be  obtained  by  adding  to  Art.  86  of  the  Education 
Code  the  words,  '  and  appointments  thus  recognised 
•  may  not  be  cancelled,  nor  the  conditions  thereof 
'  infringed  or  altered,  without  the  consent  of  the 
'  Education  Department.' " 

VI.  Appointment  of  a  Minister  of  Education. 

"  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Conference,  it  is  expe- 
dient that  a  Minister  of  Education,  holding  Cabinet 
rank,  should  be  immediately  appointed,  who  shall 
exercise  a  general  control  over  the  education  of  the 
country,  and  be  responsible  to  Parhament  for  the 
proper  administration  of  the  Education  Office  and 
the  application  of  all  Parliamentary  grants  for 
educational  purposes." 

VII.  The  Superannuation  of  Teachers. 

"  That  this  Conference  requests  the  Executive  to  take 
immediate  steps  to  elaborate  and   submit  to  the  . 
local  associations,  for  discussion,  a  national  com- 
pulsory scheme  of  superannuation  for  teachers,  such 
scheme  to  be  based  on  a  deduction  from  salaries, 
its  solvency  guaranteed  by  the  Education  Depart- 
ment, the  necessary  means  to  be  provided  by  fair 
contributions  by  Parliament,  managers  of  schools, 
and  teachers,  and  teachers  to  be  represented  on  its 
board   of    administration    in    proportion   to    their 
contributions." 
AVith  your  Lordship's  permission,  the  Executive  of  the 
Union   propose  shortly  to  submit  to  the  Royal  Commission 
a  carefully  prepared  memorandum  on  the  |>rincipal  points 
of  inquiry  now  under  the  consideration  of  the  Commis- 
sioners. 

I  am,  my  Lord, 
Your  Lordship's  faithful  servant, 
Thomas  Edmund  Heller, 
To  the  Right.  Hon.  the  Secretary. 

Viscount  Cross,  K.C.B., 
Chairman  of  the 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


cxxxin. 


School  Board  for  Debping  St.  James,  County  of 
Lincoln. 

Deeping  St.  James,  Market  Deeping, 
Sir,  June  3,  1887. 

I  AM  instructed  by  this  Board  to  ask  the  special 
attention  of  your  Commission  to  section  9  (3)  of  the 
Education  Act  of  1876,  with  a  view  to  its  re-enactment. 

The  Education  Department  hold  that  this  section,  in  so 
far  as  it  relates  to  children  under  13  years  of  age,  was 
repealed  by  section  4  of  the  Act  of  1880. 

In  agricultural  districts  it  was  of  the  greatest  importance 
that  the  local  authority  could  put  into  force  the  section 
9  (3)  above  mentioned. 

It  not  only  enabled  employers  to  get  certain  kinds  of 
work  done  at  the  right  time,  but  it  enabled  children,  by 
being  engaged  for  a  few  weeks  in  work  for  which  they 
were  well  qualified,  such  as  potato  planting,  peppermint 
planting,  &c.,  to  obtain  a  few  decent  clothes,  and  so  eke 
out  the  miserable  wages  of  our  agricultural  labourers. 

It  is  the  unanimous  opinion  of  the  five  school  boards, 
to  which  I  have  the  honour  of  being  clerk,  that  the  Edu- 
cation Acts  were  carried  out  with  more  firmness  and  were 
complied  with  more  cheerfully  both  by  employers  and 
patents  when  the  said  sub-section  was  in  force. 

I  am.  Sir, 
Your  obedient  servant, 
Geo.  H.  Dean, 
The  Secretary,  Clerk  to  the  Board. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CXXXIV. 

Resolutions    proposed  at   Chichester  Congress  of 
the    General  Association    of   Church  School 

Managers  and  Teachehs,  1887. 

1.  "That  from  information  obtained  from  various  quar- 
ters by  the  Association  of  Church  School  Managers  and 
Teachers,  this  Congress  is  of  opinion  that  the  present 
supply  of  elementary  teachers  is  in  excess  of  the  demand." 

2.  "That  this  Congress  is  of  opinion  that  this  over- 
supply  inflicts  a  special  hardship  on  the  class  of  trained 
teachers,  who  having  entered  into  engagements  with  the 
Education  Department  (Form  35  D),  and  with  their  col- 
leges, to  serve  in  State-aided  schools,  have  a  right  to  expect 
that  the  Department  will  so  far  regulate  the  emjjloyment 
of  untrained  teachers  in  elementary  sohonls  as  to  afford  to 
trained  teachers  a  reasonable  prospect  that  they  will  be 
enabled  to  fulfil  the  term  of  their  engagements." 


CXXXV. 

Letter  addressed  to  the  Bishop  of  London  by  the 
Rev.  a.  L.  Oldham. 

St.  Leonard's  Rectory,  Bridgnorth, 
My  Lord,  May  19,  1887. 

There  is  in  this  town  a  school,  known  as  the  Blue 
Coat  School,  on  the  foundation  of  which  are  30  boys, 
elected  by  examination,  who  receive  gratuitous  education 
and  clothmg. 

The  subjects  taught  are  similar  to  those  taught  in  the 
other  elementary  schools  in  the  town,  except  that  specific 
suWects  are  also  taken. 

The  school  takes  a  somewhat  higher  position  than  the 
other  elementary  schools,  because  non-foundationers  are 
only  admitted  on  payment  of  9d.  (or  more)  weekly. 

The  managers  have  the  further  power  of  awarding  to 
foundationers  a  small  grant  of  money  on  obtaining  suitable 
employment. 

These  advantages  make  parents  anxious  to  get  their  boys 
on  the  foundation. 

Whilst  the  managers  think  it  a  distinct  gain  to  the  town 
to  have  a  school  midway  between  the  grammar  school  and 
the  other  elementary  schools,  they  consider  the  chief 
advantage  of  the  foundation  is,  that  thereby  boys  are 
retained  at  school  tilt  the  inspection  next  after  they  have 
attained  the  aye  o/'  14. 

I  am  therefore  directed  by  the  managers  to  invite  the 
attention  of  the  Education  Commission  to  the  serious  dis- 
advantage of  Art.  13  of  the'  Code  (and  par.  66  of  the  In- 
structions to  Inspectors)  to  such  schools. 

In  our  case  we  certainly  cannot  afford  the  loss  of  grant 
occasioned  by  this  change  in  the  Code  of  1884,  and  we 
further  feel  that  in  all  similar  schools  it  is  likely  to  be 
detrimental  to  the  teaching  of  the  highest  boys. 

We  should,  my  Lord,  be  grateful  if  you  would  kindly 
bring  this  point  before  the  Commission  now  sitting. 
Believe  me  to  be,  my  Lord, 

Yours  very  respectfully, 
A.  L.  Oldham, 
Chairman  of  the  Managers  of  the 
Blue  Coat  School,  Bridgnorth. 
To  the  Lord  Bishop  of  London. 


CXXXVI. 


Resolutions  passed  by  the  Bootle-cum-Linacre 
School  Board. 

Clerk's  Offices,  Town  HaU, 

Bootle-cum-Linacre, 
Sir,  May  21,  1887. 

At  the  last  meeting  of  this  Board,  Mr.  Owen 
Williams,  the  chairman  of  the  school  attendance  committee, 
and  a  gentleman  who  during  a  long  and  active  life  has 
devoted  considerable  attention  to  social  and  fiscal  questions, 
moved  : — 

"  That  the  board  do  adopt  and  forivard  to  the  Royal 
Commission    on  Elementary   Education   in    England 
and   Wales,  a  petition  in  favour  of  the  payment  of 
school  fees  being  made  through  the  Education  De- 
partment out  of  the  Consolidated  Fund,  in  lieu  of  the 
present  system  of  direct  weekly  payments  by  parents." 
After  hearing  the  carefully  nrepared  and  full  exposition 
of  the  views  held  by  Mr.  Williams  on  the  question,  the 
board,  with   Mr.   Williams'  acquiescence,  directed  me  to 


APPEKniXES    TO   FINAL    REPORT. 


469 


resiJectfuUy  ask  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  to 
receive  evidence  from  Mr.  Williams  in  support  of  the 
principle  advocated  in  his  motion,  the  board  considering 
such  a  course  preferable  to  approaching  the  Oonr.mission 
by  petition. 

I  have  the  honour  to  forward  for  your  perusal  a  copy  of 
the  draft  petition  which  was  drawn  up  by  Mr.  Williams, 
and,  if  desired,  I  shall  be  happy  to  sencf  you  further  copies^ 
and  also  copies  of  the  newspaper  report  of  Mr.  Williams' 
speech  in  moving  the  adoption  of  his  motion. 
I  have  the  honour  to  be. 
Sir, 
Your  most  obedient  servant, 
F.  W.  Wilson, 
F.  Cavendish-Bentinck,  Esq.,  Olerk. 

Secretary  to  Royal  Commission 
on  Education. 


CXXXVII. 


United  Methodist  Free  Churches,  I.iverpool 

and  North  Wales  District. 

Copy  of  Re.solution  passed  at  the  District  Meeting 

held  at  Winsford,  Cheshire,  May  11th,  1887. 
Resolved, 

"  That  tile  resolution  ul'«  the  last  district  meeting 
affirming,  in  the  interests  both  of  national  education  and 
religious  liberty,  the  importance  of  transferring  the  manage- 
ment of  denominational  schools  during  the  hours  of 
secular  instruction  to  school  boards  be,  and  ij  hereby  re- 
affirmed, and  is  of  opinion  that  any  attempt  to  appropriate 
a  larger  share  of  public  money  to  denominational  schools 
should  be  stoutly  resisted. 

(Signed)        E.  Hall, 

Disti'ict  Secretary. 


OXXXVIII. 

Joseph  Douglass  Mathews,  of  No.  18,  Milner  Square, 

Islington,  Treasub.ee  and  one  of  the  Managers  of 

the  St.  Mary  Islington  Parochial  Schools. 

In  common  with  other  treasurers  of  voluntary  schools, 

the  difficulty  in  maintaining  the  schools  increases  yearly 

by  reason  oi  the  subscriptions  falling  oflT  on  account  of 

the  compulsory  school  board  rate. 

The  London  School  Board  find  it  necessary  to  supple- 
ment the  amount  received  from  school  pence  and 
Government  grant  by  17e.  2d.  per  child  from  the  rates, 
but  as  in  most  cases  the  only  means  of  supplementing 
the  pence  and  grant  in  voluntary  schools  is  by  sub- 
scription, it  is  evident  that  unless  some  means  are 
'  devised  for  rendering  special  help  to  voluntary  schools, 
they  must  gradually  give  up.  The  result  of  this  would 
be,  apart  from  the  religious  aspect  of  the  matter,  that 
the  ratepayers  would  have  their  present  rates  more  than 
doubled,  as  means  must  be  framed  to  provide  school 
accommodation . 

Without  asking  that  voluntary  schools  should  have 
any  pecuniary  advantage  over  board  schools,  it  appears 
to  me  that  it  is  reasonable  that  as  the  school  buildings 
are  used  for  the  purposes  of  carrying  on  State  educa- 
tion, something  should  be  paid  for  their  use,  and  I 
therefore  propose  that  a  per-oentage  on  the  ascertained 
value  of  the  school  buildings  should  be  paid  in  the 
nature  of  rent,  varied  according  to  the  other  uses  to 
which  the  schools  are  applied,  in  addition  to  the 
Government  grant.  The  managers  to  keep  the  build- 
ings in  proper  condition. 

The  voluntary  schools,  which  in  many  cases  require 
alterations  and  improvements  to  suit  the  improved 
methods  of  teaching,  should  have  the  opportunity 
afforded  to  the  board  schools  of  borrowing  money  for 
•  the  purpose,  repayable  with  interest  in  annual  payments 
extending  over  "iO  years  or  less  according  to  the  nature 
of  the  alterations.  Similar  advantages  should  be  pro- 
vided for  school  apparatus,  bat  of  course  for  a  shorter 
period. 

With  such  help  as  this,  most  of  the  voluntary  schools 
would  be  able  to  maintain  their  ground,  as  a  great 
number  of  persons  are  quite  willing  still  to  help,  and  it 
would  be  clearly  to  the  interest  of  the  ratepayer  that 
they  shoald  be  thus  supported  ;  but  without  some  such 
help,  the  experience  of  the  last  few  years  clearly  proves 
that  in  a  very  few  years  there  will  be  few,  if  any  volun- 
tary schools  at  work. 


CXXXIX. 

To  the  HoNOOBABLB  the  Commissionebs  appointed  to 
mqnire  into  the  working  of  the  Elementabt 
Education  Acts  in  England  and  Wales. 

The  Memobul  of  the  Boajid  or  Works  for  the 
Wandsworth  District. 
Sheweth, 

That  your  memorialists  are  the  local  anchority 
constituted  under  the  Metropolis  Local  Management 
Acts  for  the  district  of  Wandsworth,  which  comprises 
the  parishes  of  Battersea,  Clapham,  Putney,  Streatham 
looting,  and  Wandsworth,  having  an  area  of  more  than 
18  square  miles,  a  population  of  about  250,000.  and  a 
rateable  value  of  1,660,067?.  .      "» 

That  your  memorialists  have  on  several  occasions  had 
under  consideration  the  subject  of  the  expenses  attend- 
ing the  election  of  members  of  the  School  Board  for 
London,  and  that  your  memorialists  find  that  at  the 
latest  election  viz.,  in  November  1885,  such  expenses 
amounted  to  the  sum  of  10,465i.  17s.  Id.,  to  which  your 
memonahsts  contributed  the  sum  of  604,1.  11«  2i 

That  your  memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  many  of 
the  charges  included  in  the  account  in  question  are 
unjustifiable,  and  that  the  total  cost  of  the  election  is 
most  excessive. 

That  your  memorialists  have  considered  the  circular 
letter  issued  by  the  Education  Department  on  the  17th 
June  1886,  laying  down  a  certain  scale  of  charges  to  be 
adopted  at  school  board  elections,  and  your  memorialists 
are  of  opinion  that  although  under  the  regulations  set 
forth  in  such  circular  the  expenses  will  be  reduced, 
they  will  still  be  far  beyond  what  is  fair  and  reasonable. 

That  your  memorialists  are  informed  that  amongst 
the  matters  to  be  considered  by  your  honourable  Com- 
mission  are : — 

(a.)  Should  the  present  system  of  election  of  member* 
of  school  boards  be  maintained ; 

(6.)  How  can  the  expense  of  these  elections  be  cnr- 
tailed  P 

Your  memorialists  respectfully  suggest, 

(a.)  That  the  most  convenient  area  for  school  board 
electoral  purposes  in  the  Metropolis  would  be 
the  parliamentary  divisions  as  settled  by  the 
Re-distribution  of  Seats  Act,  1885,  with  one 
member  for  each  divison. 
(h.)  That  the  cumulative  system  of  voting  at  school 

board  elections  should  be  abolished. 
(c.)  That  casual  vacancies  occurring  on  the  school 
board  should  be  filled  up  by  a  vote  of  the  rate- 
payers and  not,  as  at  present,  by  the  members 
of  such  board. 
{d.}  That  a  returning  officer  should  be  appointed  for 
each  school  board  division,  and  that  the  office 
of  returning  officer  for  the  whole  of  the  Metro- 
polis should  be  aboUshed. 
(e.)  That  the  returning  officers  should  be  nominated 

by  the  Education  Department. 
(/.)  That  all  expenditure  for  school  board   election 
purposes  paid  for  out  of  the  rates  should  be 
subject  to  taxation. 
(g.)  That  the  fees  paid  to  the  returning  officers  should 
be  greatly  reduced,  and  that  the  total  cost  of 
carrying  out  an  election  of  members  of  the 
school  board  in  the  suggested  increased  number 
of  constituencies  should  not  exceed  the  total 
cost  of  can-yiug  out  an  election  in  the  existing 
constituencies  upon  the  revised  scale  laid  down 
by  the  Education  Department. 
Your  memorialists  therefore  humbly  pray  that  your 
honourable    Commission    will    recommend    that    the 
necessary  steps  be  taken  for  making  the  parliamentary 
divisions  of  the  Metropolis  the  electoral  districts  for 
school  board  purposes  with  one  member  for  each  divi- 
sion ;     that     the     cumulative    system    of   voting    be 
abolished ;  that  casual  vacancies  on  the  school   board 
be  filled  up  by  vote  of  the  ratepayers  ;  and  that  the  other 
alterations  herciu-before  suggested  in  the  mode  of  con- 
ducting school  board  elections  and  in  defraying   the 
cost  thereof  be  carried  out. 
And  your  memorialists  will  over  pray,  <fcc.  ' 

Sealed  by  Order, 
Hen.  Geo.  Hilm, 

Clerk  to  the  Board. 
Battersea  Eise,  8.W., 
6tb  July  1887. 


3  0  2 


4.70 


ELKMENTAKY    EDUCATION    AOTS   COMMISSION  : 


CXL. 

Walsaxl  akd  West  Bromwich  District  School. 

West  Bromwich, 
Sj5t^  9th  July  1887. 

I  AM  directed  1)y  the  board  of  management  of 
the  Walsall  and  West  Bromwich  school  district  to  call 
the  attention  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  to 
the  great  injustice  which  teachew  in  poor  law  district 
schools  sutler  from  the  withholding  from  them  of  the 
parchment  certificate  of  proficiency.  Not  only  is  this 
unjust  to  the  teachers,  but  it  is  very  prejudicial  to  the 
interests  of  district  schools,  as  it  prevents  recently 
qualified  schoolmasters  with  high  riualifications  seeking 
employment  therein. 

I  am  further  directed  to  ask  the  Commission  to 
please  consider  the  whole  subject,  and  to  take  means 
for  putting  an  end  to  the  injustice  and  evil  I  have 
above  referred  to. 

1  have  the  honour  to  be, 
Sir, 
Your  obedient  servant, 

H.  Wabp. 
To  the  Secretary  of  the 

Royal  Commission  on  Education, 
London. 


and  board  sohoolB,  but,  if  there  be  any  diti'ereuco,  it 
rather  points  to  the  advisability  that  teachers  in  tlio 
ibrmer  should  possess  the  larger  teaching  power  and 
increased  intelligence. 

I  am  directed  by  the  managers  to  submit  these  views 
tu  the  consideration  of  the  Royal  Commission  0!i 
Education  in  the  hope  that  they  will  se(?  fit  to  recom- 
mend some  course  which  will  amend  the  present 
practice  by  placing  teachers  in  poor  law  schools  upon 
the  same  level  as  teachers  in  national  and  boai-il 
schools. 

I  have,  &c. 

Geo.  B.  East, 

To  the  Secretary  of  the  Clerk. 

Royal  Commis.^ion  on  Education. 


CXLI. 

Guardians'  Clerk's  OflSce, 

Church  Street,  Brighton, 
gjg  9th  July  1887. 

The  guardians  of  the  parish  of  Brighton  desire 
to  draw  the  attention  of  the  Royal  Commission  on 
Education  to  the  great  injustice  which  teachers  in 
poor  law  schools  suffer  by  the  withholding  from  them 
of  the  parchment  certificate  of  proficiency.  It  appears 
that,  under  existing  rules,  students  who,  upon  leaving 
training  colleges,  accept  positions  in  poor  law  schools 
cannot  obtain  the  certificate  in  question  so  long  as  they 
remain  teachers  in  such  schools,  the  result  being  that 
those  who  obtain  appointments  as  teachers  in  schools 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Local  Government  Board 
resign  at  the  earliest  possible  opportunity,  whilst  it 
prevents  students  with  higher  qualifications  seeking 
employment  therein. 

Under  these  circumstances  the  guardians  earnestly 
trust  that  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  will 
consider  the  matter  and  adopt  means  whereby  the 
obvious  injustice  of  the  rules  referred  to  may  be 
remedied. 

I  am.  Sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
Alfred  Morris, 
Clerk  to  the  Guardians. 
To  the  Secretary  of  the 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CXLII. 

Central  IiOKDON  School  District. 

10,  Basiughall  Street,  City,  B.C., 
SiE^  14th  July  1887. 

The  managers  of  the  Central  London  district 
school,  who  have  about  1,150  children  under  their  care, 
and  who  have  in  theii'  employ  a  teaching  stafl',  male 
and  female,  fifteen  in  number,  have  had  their  attention 
called  to  the  injustice  to  teachers,  and  injury  to  the 
interests  of  the  school  consequent  upon  the  former 
being  unable  to  obtain,  under  the  present  system, 
parchment  certificates  of  proficiency,  which  are  with- 
held so  long  as  they  remain  teachers  in  schools  undei- 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  Local  Government  Board. 

The  operation  of  this  rule  no  doubt  deters  competent 
persons  from  applying  for  appointments  in  schools  of 
this  description,  aiid  thereby  the  managers  are  limited 
in  their  choice  and  deprived  of  the  services  of  teachers 
of  higher  qualifications,  who  naturally  resort  to 
national  and  board  schools,  where  such  certificates 
are  obtainable,  in  preference  to  seeking  employment  in 
poor  law  schools. 

It,  is  submitted  that  there  is  nothing  in  the  character 
of  tlie  class  of  children  to  be  found  in  poor  law  schools 
fissentiaily  difleient  fioni  children  in  ordinary  national 


CXLIIL 


Grasscroft,  Huyton, 
My  Lord,  July  14,  1887. 

I  AM  requested  by  the  rural  deans  of  Prescot 
and  Childwall,  in  the  diocese  of  Liverpool,  to  forward  to 
you  a  resolution  passed  at  a  joint  conference  of  their 
deaneries  held  at  St.  George's  Hall,  Liverpool,  on  the 
12th  instant,  as  follows: — "That  children  who  have 
"  passed  the  Fourth  Standard  should  at  their  parents 
"  request  be  allowed  in  schools  where  appropriate 
"  provision  has  been  made  to  devote  the  afternoons  to 
"  instruction  in  manual  dexterity  and  matters  of  in- 
"  dustrial  training,  such  industrial  training  to  be 
"  recognised  by  the  Code  and  paid  for  by  parliamentary 
"  grants." 

I  have  the  honour  to  be. 
My  Lord, 
Your  Lordship's  obedient  servant, 
George  Banner, 
I'o  the  Right  Honourable  Hon.  Lay  Secretai-y. 

Viscount  Cross,  Chairman, 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CXLIV. 


Guardians  of  the  Poor  of  the  Parish  of 
St.  Marylebone. 

Guardians'  06Bces, 
Northumberland  Street,  W., 
SiK,  14th  July  1887. 

The  guardians  of  this  parish  have  had  under 
their  consideration  a  copy  of  a  communication  ad- 
dressed to  you  by  the  managers  of  the  North  Snn-ey  • 
school  district,  on  the  subject  of  the  great  injustice 
which  teachers  in  poor  law  schools  suffer  by  the  with- 
holding from  them  of  the  parchment  certificate  of 
proficiency,  and  I  am  directed  to  state  that  the  guar- 
dians concur  generally  in  the  views  expressed  in  such 
communication.  Their  experience  has  been  identical 
with  that  of  the  North  Surrey  district  school  managers. 
Teachers  who  were  otherwise  willing  to  accept  positions 
declining,  on  learning  that  they  could  not  obtain  parch- 
ment certificates,  as  long  as  they  remained  in  the 
guardians'  employ. 

This  rule  the  guardians  consider  acts  detrimentally 
to  the  best  interests  of  poor  law  institutions,  and  they 
express  the  hope  that  moans  will  be  found  by  which  the 
great  injustice  referred  to  may  be  remedied. 

I  am. 
Sir, 
Your  obedient  servant. 
The  Secretary,  (Signed)        Joseph  Bedpord. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education, 

8,  Richmond  Terrace,  • 

Whitehall,  S.W. 


CXLV. 

National  Training  School  for  Cookery. 

South  Kensington,  S.W., 
My  Lord,  19th  July  1887. 

The  committee  of  the  Xational  Training  School 
for  Cookery  pray  the  Ro\al  Commissioners  on  the 
Education  Acts  to  aid  their  efforts  to  forward  the 
important  question  of  the  teaching  of  cookery  in  the 


APPENDIXES   TO    FINAL   REPORT. 


471 


elementary  schools,  by  placing  the  grant  for  cookery 
in  the  same  positicm  as  that  of  drawing,  that  is  by 
causing  it  to  be  paid  in  addition  to  the  ordinary 
grants. 

The  grant  of  k.  per  heail  for  cookery  lias  been 
promised  already  in  1882,  but  in  moat  cases  it  is  found 
not  possible  to  cam  the  said  grant  because  of  the  Act 
of  Parliament  of  1876  limiting  the  grants  to  17«.  (id.  a 
head.  The  Royal  Commissioners  ;ire  aware  that  this 
said  grant  of  ]7«.  6rL  is  absorbed  by  the  compulsory 
subjects. 

The  committee  earnestly  pray  that  this  recoin- 
mendation  be  made  at  the  present  time,  so  that  a 
large  number  of  students  now  in  the  schools  may  not 
lose  the  benefit  of  this  valuable  instruction. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be, 
My  Lord, 
Your  Lordship's  most  obedient  servant, 
P.  Leveson-Gower, 
Chairman  of  the 
Executive  Committee  of  the 
National  Training  School 
To  the  Right  Hon.  of  Cookery. 

Viscount  Cross,  G.C.B., 
Ac.  &c. 


of  our  teaching  would  be  more  accurate.  But  it  is  of 
the  utmost  importance  our  girls  shonld  learn  these 
dillerent  natures  of  food  (as,  for  instance,  why  a  dish 
of  beans  should  have  a  bit  of  fat  or  butter  mixed  in 
with  them),  as  such  knowledge  is  the  foundation  of 
wholesome  Icoding  as  well  as  of  true  thrift. 

Ignorance  of  what  is  most  important  in  daily  life  is 
what  degrades  England,  and  practical  knowledge  will 
raise  our  women  and  make  the  workman's  home  life  a 
joy  and  comfort,  not  a  mere  endurance. 

I  have  lately  seen  the  Princess  Louise  on  these 
matters,  iind  she  promises  nie  e.xcellont  thrifty  recipes 
from  the  Queen's  German  cook,  such  as  our  poor  never 
dream  of  rising,  and  I  hope  to  reproduce  them  in  onr 
elementary  schools  if  only  the  Commissioners  will  see 
at  once  to  the  freeing  of  cookery  from  the  hindrance 
of  the  17s.  6(i.  limit. 

I  am, 

Tours  truly, 

Fanny  L.  Caldeu, 
Hon.  Sec,  Northern  Union  of 

School  of  Cookery. 

Hon.  Sec,  Liverpool  Training 

School  of  Oookeiy. 


OXLVI. 

COOKEKV. 


49,  Canning  Street,  Liverpool, 
August  11th. 

DeAK   Mk.    CAVENDISH-BENnNCK, 

I  SHOULD  feel  greatly  obliged  if  you  would  bring 
before  yonr  Commission  some  points  on  cookery  in- 
strnction  in  which  our  experience  differs  materially 
from  the  evidencj  of  the  Rev.  Newton  Price  orr  that 
subject.  Ho  says,  "  it  is  an  utter  nristakc  to  teach 
children  by  demoirstration,"  whciciis  we  find  their 
great  powers  of  imitation  arc  called  into  exercise;  they 
do  much  better  what  (hey  have  seen  done,  and  the 
system  of  alternate  demonstration  and  pi-actice  gives 
them  a  standard  of  excellence  to  try  to  attain  to.  They 
see  the  best  before  them. 

Again,  he  seems  to  state  that  teachers  tr'iiincd  in  the 
training  schools  arc  only  fitted  to  teach  high  class 
cooker'y,  whereas  in  our  training  schools  they  are 
specially  and  thoroughly  trained  iir  economical  thiifty 
cookery,  and  well  practised  in  teaching  school  children. 

i^ext,  he  says,  "it  is  absurd  to  teach  little  girls  of 
13  to  be  scientific;"  but  as  little  girls  of  11  pass  in  the 
sciences  of  arithmetic  and  grammar,  which  latter  it  is 
the  most  rare  exception  to  find  applied,  applied  science 
of  cookery,  in  the  reasons  why  they  prepare  their  food 
in  that  or  this  way,  is  by  no  means  above  theij- 
powers;  on  the  contrary,  they  find  it  most  interesting 
in  practical  application. 

Euithcr,  "the  ellect  of  the  grant,"  says  Mr.  Newton 
Price,  "  has  Ijeeu  to  injure  the  teaching  of  cookery." 
After'  the  grant  was  made  the  iniinbci-s  rose  in  one  year 
from  7,000  to  17,000  girls  who  learnt,  and  irractical 
outsiders  ali-eady  see  good  fruit  in  home  lives  of  the 
40  hours'  iustmclion  in  cookery  given  in  tlii^  schools. 

Pirst-rate  teaching  has  become  more  in  ilomand,  by 
giving  marragers  the  means  of  obtaining  it. 

He  .■-ays  truly,  "  inferior  teacher's  cannot  demnnstrate 
well ;"  theiefore,  we  raise  the  style  of  cookery  teachers, 
feeling  sui'e  good  demonstration,  followed  always  by 
praclicu,  is  most  helplul  to  the  children,  and  makes 
them  de.-iire  to  be  doing  it  themselves. 

The  scientific  knowledge  whicli  Mr.  Price  objects  to 
is  most  useful  to  the  children,  teaching  tho  value  of 
food,  how  best  to  sjiend  their  wages,  and  be  really 
thrifty.  About  the  best  form  of  .science  our  girls  can 
learir,  and  (me  our  teachers  take  the  greatest  interest 
in  imparting,  not  half  so  much  aljovo  theii'  heads  as 
analysis,  or  the  rules  of  arithmetic,  and  made  easy  by 
their  seeing  it  practically  applied. 

The  hours  are  not  limited  by  tho  Code  to  40.  Some 
schools  do  give  more. 

Our  practical  experience  of  evening  classes  assures 
us  that  the  present  conditioirs  loi'  cookery  in  evening 
schools  cannot  work  well,  though  to  a  "  cursory  reader," 
as  Mr.  Price  profeises  to  be,  they  niay  appear  good. 

So  far  from  cookery  instruction  being  a  failure,  we 
find  it  called  on  all  sides  a  "  yreat  success."  Our  plans 
and  system  miikc  it  very  inexpensive,  and  the  pro- 
visions of  the  Code  have  contributed  to  proiluce  most 
useful  practical  work.  If  we  used  the  word  "reason- 
able" instead  of  "  scientific,"  perhaps  the  description 


CXLVIT. 

The  BoAKD  OF  Management  of  the  West  London 
School  District. 

Clerks  Office, 

Ashford,  near  Staines, 
Middlesex, 
Sir,  '28th  July  1887. 

1  AM  directed  Iry  the  managers  of  the  West 
London  School  District  to  inform  yoii  that  they  fully 
approve  of  the  letter,  dated  the  11th  ultimo,  addressed 
to  you  by  the  managers  of  the  North  Sm-rey  School 
District,  on  the  question  of  the  great  injustice  which 
teachers  in  pooi'  law  schools  sutler  by  the  withholding 
fi'om  them  of  the  parchment  certificate  of  proficiency. 
I  am.  Sir, 

Your  obedieirt  servant, 
Chas.  D.  Hume, 
To  the  Secretary  Clerk  to  the  Managers, 

of  the  Royal  Commission 
on  Education, 
Whitehall. 


CXLVUl. 
The  Board  op  Works  for  the  Lewishau  District. 

Catford,  S.E.,  3rd  August  1887. 
My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

I  AM  directed  by  the  Board  of  Works  for  the 
Lewisham  District  to  inform  you  that  they  have  had 
under  their  consideration  the  subject  of  the  expenses 
attending  the  election  of  members  of  the  School  Board 
for  London,  particularly  with  reference  to  the  memorial 
addressed  to  your  honourable  Commission  by  the  Board 
of  Works  for  the  Wandsworth  District  on  the  subject. 

The  Board  beg  most  respectfully  to  submit  the  under- 
written suggestions  upon  the  subject  for  the  consi- 
deration of  your  honourable  I'ommission,  and  to  express 
a  hope  that  your  honourable  Commission  may  be  able 
to  recommend  them  for  the  adoption  of  Parliament. 
1  am,  my  lords  and  gentlemen,    ' 

Yom'  most  obedient  servant, 
Bdw.  Wright, 

Secretary  to  the  Board. 
The  Souourable  lire  Commissioners 
appointed  to  inquire  into  the 
working  of  the  Elementary  Edu- 
cation Acts  in  England  and 
Wales. 

P.  Cavendish- Bjbntinck,  Esq., 

Secretary. 

The  suggestions  refm-red  to. 

1.  The  casual  vacancies  occurring  in  the  school  boaru 

should  be  filled  up  by  a  vote  of  the  ratepayers,  and 
not  as  at  present  by  the  members  of  such  board. 

2.  That  a  returning  officfr  should  be  appointed  for 

each  school  board  division,  and  that  the  office 
of  ruiurmng  officer  f.n-  the  whole  of  the  metropolis 
should  be  abolished. 


472^ 


KLEMENTART   EDtJQATlON    ACTS   COMMISSION  ; 


3.  That  the  returning  officers  should  be  uominated  by 

the  Education  Department. 

4.  That  all    expenditure  for  school   board  election 

purposes  paid  for  oat  of  the  rates  should  be 
subject  to  taxation. 

6.  That  the  fees  paid  to  the  returning  officers  should 
be  greatly  reduced,  and  that  the  total  cost  of 
carrying  out  an  election  of  members  of  the 
school  board  in  the  suggested  increased  number 
of  constituencies  should  not  exceed  the  total  cost 
of  carrying  out  an  election  in  the  existing  con- 
stituencies upon  the  revised  scale  laid  down  by 
the  Education  Department. 


OXLIX. 


The  RoYAi  Commission  on  the  Wobking  of  the 
Education  Acts. 

The  memorial  of  the  School  Board  for  London 
respectfully  showeth : — 

1.  That  your  memorialists  have  conducted  elementary 
evening  classes  during  the  past  five  years,  and  have  met 
with  some  measure  of  success,  the  average  attendance 
of  pupils  having  risen  from  1,707  in  the  first  session  to 
5,671  in  the  last  session. 

2.  That,  in  the  opinion  of  your  memorialists,  the 
present  regulations  of  the  new  Code  are  detrimental  to 
the  efficiency  and  success  of  evening  classes,  as  they 
are  not  adapted  to  the  special  features  of  such  classes. 

3.  That  the  special  features  of  evening  classes  arc 
(i)  that  the  pupils  desire  to  receive  instruction  in  those 
subjects  in  which  they  are  most  deficient,  or  which  are 
most  practically  useful  to  them,  or  which  are  most 
interesting  to  them  ;  (ii)  that,  as  a  rule,  the  time  in 
which  a  pupil  attends  classes  is  at  the  most  not  more 
than  three  evenings  a  week  in  six  winter  months ; 
(iii)  that  the  pupils  attend  the  classes  after  a  day's 
work,  and  are  therefore  in  a  more  or  less  tired  con- 
dition ;  and  (iv)  that  the  attendance  of  the  pupils  is 
entirely  voluntary. 

4.  That,  in  the  opinion  of  your  memorialists,  the 
regulations  of  the  now  Code  do  not  recognise  the  above 
special  features  of  evening  classes,  because  (i)  no  pupil 
may  take  up  additional  subjects  unless  he  is  also 
examined  in  reading,  writing,  and  arithmetic,  thus 
preventing  many  from  studying  the  subjects  they 
specially  desire  to  take  up;  (ii)  the  standard  of  re- 
cjuirements  of  each  subject  being  the  same  as  that  for 
scholars  of  day  schools,  who  study  throughout  one 
whole  year,  is  too  gi-eat  for  pupils  of  evening  classes, 
who  only  study  for  a  very  short  time ;  (iii)  no  kind  of 
physical  recreation  is  recognised  in  evening  classes, 
even  drill  and  singing  allowed  in  day  schools  not  being 
recognised  in  such  classes ;  (iv)  the  fact  that  the  pupils 
attend  entirely  voluntarily,  and  that  their  wishes  must 
to  a  great  extent  bo  therefore  consulted,  is  not 
sufficiently  recognised. 

.5.  That,  in  the  opinion  of  your  memorialists,  evening 
classes  would  be  more  successful  (i)  if  a  special  schedule 
of  subjects  containing  the  subjects  named  below  were 
adopted  for  such  classes  ;  (ii)  if  the  standard  of  require- 
ments of  each  subject  were  such  as  a  pupil  could 
intelligently  reach  ;  (iii)  if  pupils  who  had  passed 
Standard  IV.  were  allowed  to  bo  examined  in  any  one 
or  more  subjects  without  being  required  to  sit  for  the 
examination  in  reading,  writing,  and  arithmetic  ;  and 
(iv)  if  school  boards  were  empowered  to  conduct  science 
and  art  classes  in  connexion  with  the  Science  and  Art 
Department. 

Subjeds. 

(i.)  Present  Cod©  subjeotB : — 

Eeading. 

Writing. 

Arithmetic, — More  attention  should  be  given  to 
applied  and  mental  arithmetic. 

English. — It  is,  as  a  rule,  practically  impossible 
to  persuade  pupUs  to  learn  the 
prescribed  lines  of  poetry.  Your 
memorialists  think  that  this  re- 
quirement should  be  withdrawn, 
and  that  instead  pupils  should  be 
allowed  to  read  lines  to  the  in- 
spector in  a  satisfactory  elocutionary 
manner. 


Geography. 

English  hiBtory. 

Elementary  science. 

Drawing. 

Cookery. 

Algebra. 

Euclid. 

Mensuration. 

Mechanics. 

Latin. 

French. 

Animal  physiology. 

Botany. 

Principles  of  agriculture. 

Chemistry. 

Sound,  light,  and  heat. 

Magnetism  and  electricity. 

Domestic  economy. 

(ii.)  Proposed  additional  subjects : — 
Book-keeping. 

Drill  and  gymnastic  exercises  and  swimming. 
English  and  other  literature. 
General  history. 
German  and  other  foreign  languages  not  above 

mentioned. 
Mathematics. 
Music. 
Needlework. 
Political  economy. 
Shorthand. 
Technical  subjects  (elements  of  art  and  design, 

use   of  ordinary   tools,   modelling,   and  wood 

carving). 

C.  That  your  memorialists  are  also  of  opinion  that 
the  arrangements  for  the  inspection  of  evening  classes 
now  in  force  are  inadequate,  and  are  of  a  character  not 
adapted  to  ascertain  the  actual  results  of  evening 
classes'  work.  At  present  the  inspection  may  take 
place  before  the  session  is  nearly  over,  and  many  of 
the  best  results  are  not  in  consequence  assessed.  The 
method  of  examination  is  about  the  same  as  that 
adopted  for  younger  persons  in  day  schools,  and  is  not 
suitable  to  the  pupils  or  work  of  evening  classes. 

7.  That  your  memorialists  hope  that  the  Royal 
Commission  will  be  able  to  recommend  the  adoption 
of  the  foregoing  recommendations. 

Joseph  R.  Diggle, 

Chairman  of  the  Board. 
G.  H.  Croad, 

Clerk  of  the  Board. 
2lBt  July  1887. 


CL. 

Paeish  of  Saint  Pangeas. 

Guardians'  Offices, 
Vestry  Hall,  Pancras  Road, 
London,  N.W. 
SiH,        •  19th  July  1887. 

I  AM  directed  by  the  guardians  of  the  poor  of 
this  parish  to  state  that  they  have  had  under  con- 
sideration representations  made  by  the  managers  of 
the  North  Surrey  school  district,  with  reference  to  the 
detrimental  efiect  upon  the  class  of  teachers  in  parochial 
schools,  by  the  authorities  concerned  withholding  from 
them  the  parchment  certificate  such  as  is  awarded  to 
other  teacners. 

The  guardians  have  every  reason  to  form  the  highest 
opinion  of  the  abilities  of  the  present  teaching  stafl^  at 
the  schools  belonging  to  this  parish  at  Leavesden,  as 
evidenced  by  the  enclosed  analysis  of  the  result  of  the 
last  examination  by  Wyndham  Holgate,  Esq.,  Local 
Government  Board  Inspector,  but  they  feel  that  the 
standard  of  the  candidates  for  these  appointments  may 
be  seriously  affected  by  the  fact  that  it  is  impossible  for 
them  to  gain  the  parchment  certificate  although  they 
might  perform  their  duties  with  as  satisfactory  results 
as  would  entitle  them  to  the  certificate,  were  they  not 
in  a  school  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Local  Govern- 
ment Board. 

The  guardians  therefore  have  directed  me  to  convey 
to  you  their  opinion  on  this  matter,  with  a  view  to  its 
bring  considered  in  connexion  with  other  communica- 


API'ENDIXKS    TO    FINAL    KEl'OKT. 


473 


tions  which  they  believe  liave  been  addressed  to  yon  on 
the  snbject. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be, 
Sir, 
Tour  most  obedient  servant, 

AliFEED   A.   MiLLWAKD, 

Clerk. 
The  Secretary  of 

The  Boyal  Commission  on  Kdnoaticn. 

Saint  Panckas. 

Analysis  of  the  result  of  the  examination  by  Wyndham 
Holgate,  Esq.,  Local  Government  Board  Inspector,  of 
the  children  at  Leavesden  Schools. 

June  1887. 


Pre- 

Standanl. 

Passed. 

Percentage. 

sented. 

Bead- 
ing. . 

■Writ- 
ing. 

Arith- 
metic. 

Eead- 
ing. 

Writ- 
ing. 

Arith- 
metic. 

Boys: 

in 

6 

16 

13 

16 

100 

81'2 

lOO 

3C 

4 

S4 

33 

36 

94-4 

91-6 

lOO 

GiELS : 

11 

5 

10 

9 

7 

90-9 

81'8 

63-6 

22 

4 

19 

18 

20 

6-3 

81-8 

90-9 

SiK, 


OLI. 

35,  Fo-vberry  Boad, 
Brockley,  S.E., 

23rd  July  1887. 
I  BEG  respectfully  to  submit  to  the  consideration 
of  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  the  following 
suggestions  for  an  improved  administration  of  the 
education  grant,  which  have  been  formulated  a'j  a 
series  of  meetings  of  graduates  of  the  University  of 
London  who  ai'e  interested  in  education  : — 

(1.)  That  all   public   elementary   schools   should    be 
placed  under  public  representative  liodies. 

These  bodies  might  be  the  boards  which  are  to 
be    created    by   the   various   County   Government 
Bills  now  in  embryo,  or  district  boards  of  educa- 
tion might  be  specially  created,  consisting  of — 
(a.)  Representatives   of   the   ratepayers,   elected 
directly  or  indirectly  by  the  local  municipal 
bodies,  &c. 
(6.)  Representatives  of  the  school  committees, 
(c.)  Representatives  nominated  by  Government, 
as  J.P.'s,  &c. 
(2.)  Each  board  should  meet  regularly,  and  conduct 
its  business  according  to  a  schedule  of  regulations 
to  be  appended  to  the  Education  Act.    Its  duties 
should  include — 

(a.)  Supei-vision  of  school  committees,  with  power 
to  make  recommendations  as  to  staff  in  regard 
to  quality,  number,  and  conditions  of  service, 
and  other  matters  affecting  the  school. 
(6.)  The  power  of  reporting  school  committees  in 
default  (which  would  then  be  dealt  with  by 
the    Education    Department,    and    after    two 
warnings   have  their  supplies   out  off  unless 
made  efficient), 
(c.)  The  power  to  adapt  the  Government  curri- 
culum to  the  needs  of  the  locality,  so  that  the 
education  could  be  to  some  extent  specialised 
for  the  district. 
(3.)  No   money   .should    be    paid   on    the  results   of 
examination,    but    an    annual    education    budget 
should  be  prepared  for  every  educational  district, 
some  guiding  scale  being  laid  down  by  the  Govern- 
ment, as  e.g.. 

For  a  school   having  up   to 

100  scholars 
For  every  additional  scholar 

between  101  and  200  - 
For  every  additional  scholar 
between  201  and  300  - 


30».  per  head. 
25».        „ 


The  expenditure  of  each  school  should  bo  met 
from  (1)  fees  ;  (2)  subscriptions  (voluntary  schools) 
or  rates  (board  schools) ;  and  (3)  Government 
grant. 

The  amount  of  expenditure  of  each  school  should 
be  subject  to  revision  by  the  district  board  in 
accordance  with  the  regulations  laid  down  by  the 
Government,  and  denominational  schools  should 
be  required,  as  now,  to  raise  from  fees  and  sub- 
scriptions a  certain  sum  per  head,  the  amount  per 
head  to  vary  with  the  size  of  the  school.  The 
accounts  of  all  schools  receiving  grants  to  be 
audited  by  the  public  auditor,  and  published 
annually. 
(4.)  If  the  present  standartls  are  retained,  it  should 
be  as  an  aid  to  classification,  and  not  for  purposes 
of  inspection. 
(5.)  All  public  elementary  schools  should  be  inspected 
as  a  guarantee  of  efficiency,  and  the  district  boards 
would  be  empowered  to  appoint,  in  addition,  an 
inspector  of  their  own,  as  many  school  boards 
now  do. 
(6.)  That  the  inspectorate  should  only  bo  open  to 
persons  having  a  thorough  acquaintance  with  the 
theory  and  practice  of  education. 
I  remain,  Sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Gilbert  A.  Christian,  B.A.  (Loud.). 

(Head  Teacher,  Nelson  Street 

P.  T.  School,  Soufchwark). 


Sm, 


20». 


&c. 


&c. 


OLII. 
Forest  Gate  School  District. 

Clerk's  Offices, 
Baker's  Row,  WhitechJapel,  B. , 
23rd  July  1887. 
I  AM  dii'ected  by  the  board  of  management  of 
the  Forest  Gate  School  District  to  respectfully  submit, 
for  the  consideration  of  the  Royal  Commission  on 
Education,  that  the  disqualification  by  existing  rules 
of  teachers  in  poor  law  schools  for  the  parchment 
certificate  of  proficiency  is  an  injustice  to  teachers 
under  the  control  of  the  Local  Government  Board  and 
detrimental  to  the  best  interests  of  those  institutions. 

The  managers  would  venture  to  submit  that,  apart 
from  the  deterrent  effect  of  the  rule  in  preventing 
teachers  with  the  higher  qualifications  from  seeking 
employment  under  the  poor  law,  it  tends  to  discourage 
teachers  in  poor  law  schools  and  to  impair  their 
teaching  power,  notwithstanding  the  urgent  necessity 
for  intelligence  on  the  part  of  teachers  in  poor  law  as 
of  those  in  national  and  board  schools. 

I  am  accordingly  to  express  the  earnest  hope  of  the 
managers  that  the  Royal  Commission  will,  upon  con- 
sideration of  the   question,  be   able  to  reach  such   a 
recommendation  as  will  remedy  the  injustice. 
I  have  the  honour  to  bo 
Sir, 
Your  most  obedient  servant, 

N.  Vallavce, 
To  the  Secretary  of  the  Clerk. 

Royal  Commission  on  the 
Education  Acts, 

Richmond  Terrace, 

Whitehall,  S.W. 


CLin. 

War  Office", 
Sir,  August  22,  1887. 

With  reference  to  a  serie.s  of  questions  brought 
by  you  to  this  office  on  the  26th  May  last,  on  behalf  of 
the  Royal  Commission  on  Education,  in  regard  to  the 
physical  training  of  the  teachers  and  pupils  in  elemen- 
tary schools,  I  am  directed  by  Mr.  Secretary  Stanhope, 
to  transmit  herewith,  to  be  laid  l>efore  th<"  Royal 
Commission,  copies  of  momoraiula  on  the  subject 
prepared  by  the  Dirt-ctor-G«ueral  of  the  Army  Moaical 
llepartmi-nt,  and  the  Inspector  of  Gymnasia  respoc- 
tivelv.  L  amtoadd  that  in forwardingthoso documents, 
the  Inspector-General  of  Recruiting,  remarks  that  ' '  no 
"  system  of  physical  exercise  would  be  likely  to  be 
"  beneficially  applied  to  the  elementary  schools  sitnato 
"  in  the  poorest  parts  of  London,  and  probably  other 


474 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION     ACTS    COMMISSION  : 


great  urban  centres,  until  the  question  of  providing 
'  such  children  with  a  sufficienoy  of  wholesome  food 
is  solved." 

1  am,  &c. 
(Signed)        Raiph  Thompson. 
The  Secretary, 
Koyal  Commission  on  Education, 
8,  Richmond  Terrace. 


Kr.TDRN  showing  the  Per-centage  of  rejection  of 
Recruits  (a)  in  the  United  Kingdom,  and  (b)  in 
two  typical  Military  Districts  ;  also  the  Per-centage 
of  Rejection  of  Recruits  in  certain  urban  districts, 
compared  with  that  in  certain  rural  districts  : 


I'er-ceiitage 
of  Rejection.i 
of  Recruits. 

I. — (a.)  United  Kingdom 

-    43-81 

(5.)  Militaiy  Divisions : 
Aldershot 
Northern     - 

-  51-80 

-  42-32 

II. — Urban  Districts : 
London     - 
Manchester 
Liverpool 

-  47-37 

-  53-15 

-  50-72 

Rural  Districts  : 
Fort  George 
Taunton 
Omagh    - 

-  10-73 

-  15-70 

-  31-11 

II. 

Return  showing  the  Per-centage  of  Recruits  rejected 
in  1886,  for  physicial  disabilities  which  are  the 
most  frequent  causes  of  rejection,  compared  with 
similar  information  for  the  year  1861 : 


— 

1888. 

1861. 

Under  chest  measurement 

13-61 

11-13  (1880) 

Under  weight  (muscuhir,  tenuity,  and 

debility). 
Defective  vision      -           •          -       • 

6-42 
4-24 

3-38 
•2  •■10 

Under  height      .          -          .          . 

2-85 

■00  (1884) 

Varicose  veins        -          -          -       - 

1-81 

3-82 

Heart  disease      .... 

1-90 

2-(KI 

Defects   of   lower   extremities,  from 
fracture,  contraction,  hiiation,  4c., 
Ac. 

Loss  and  decay  of  many  tectli 

r2it 

346 

1-03 

•M 

Syjihilis      •.           -          -           -       - 

•82 

1-11 

Malformation  of  chest  and  spine 

■IK! 

f.32 

•  Diseases  of  eyes  and  eyelids. 

In  reply  to  Questions  1  and  2,  two  returns  are  fur- 
n'shed,  one  of  which  shows  the  per-centage  of  rejection 
of  recruits  for  the  United  Kingdom,  and  also  for  two 
typical  militaiy  divisions,  one,  Aldershot  being  a 
centre  to  which  applicants  for  the  army  come  from  any 

Eart  of  the  country,  not  only  the  immediate  neighbour- 
ood  ;  and  the  other,  the  Northern  diijtrict,  which 
embraces  a  considerable  ti-act  of  counti-y,  and  in  which 
the  recruiting  is  local 

The  difl'erence  in  per-centage  of  rejection.';  in  urban 
and  rural  districts  is  also  given,  from  which  it  will  be 
seen,  as  would  be  expected  that  the  former  is  far  higher 
than  the  latter. 

The  second  vetnrn  shows  the  moit  frequent  dis- 
abilities which  cause  the  rejection  of  recruits,  and  the 
per-ccntuge  of  such  rejections  in  the  year  1886,  as 
compared  with  those  in  the  year  1861. 

It  must  be  lemembored  that  causes  of  rejection 
such  ns  "  under  ehest  nieasurement,"  "  weight,"  and 
"height,"  may  bo  influenced  considerably  by  the 
standards  which  ai'e  laid  down  by  regulation  from  time 
to  time. 

St  is  very  questionable  whether  any  physical  exercises 
of  the    character  adopted   and    practised   by   soldiers 


would  beuefioially  intiuence  young  children  lor  whom 
the  spontaneous  exercises  natural  to  them  in  the  play- 
ground, and  either  iu  the  country  or  in  i\  pure  atmo- 
sphere, are  probably  the  only  kinds  of  physical  exercise 
likely  to  be  attended  with  real  advantage  in  their  cases. 
But,  as  country  or  seaside  air  and  the  natural  play 
games  of  childhood  cimnot  be  obtained  in  urban  centres, 
some  sli£;ht  benefit  might  accrue  from  a  very  light 
and  [n-ogrossively  increasing  system  of  physical  training, 
of  which  gymnastic  exercises,  running, '  jumping, 
military  drills,  and  swimming  formed  the  main  features. 

(Signed)        J.  Ckawpobd, 
Array  Medical  Department,  Director-General. 

June  10,  1887. 


Addendum. 


We  have  no  data  that  would  enable  us  to  reply  to  the 
Question  (No.  6). 

The  impression  received  from  general  sources  of 
information  in  regard  to  scnool  life  is  in  accordance 
with  physiological  considerations,  and  amounts  to 
this : — 

Ist.  That  almost  everything  depends  upon  the  tone  of 

a  school. 
2nd.  That  systematic  inspections,  and  a  general 
surveillance  (of  an  informal  kind,  of  course  for 
the  moral  affect  of  allowing  boys  or  men  to  see 
that  they  are  distrusted  is  prejudicial)  are 
necessary. 
3rd.  That  if  you  could  send  boys  or  young  men  to  bod 
physically  fatigued  from  work  and  games,  the 
effect  is  (generally  speaking)  good  :  but  undue 
exercise  of  the  nervous  system,  study,  reading, 
games  calling  for  mental  exercise,  and  hot 
rooms  have  the  opposite  effect. 

(Signed)         J.  Crawfohd, 
June  29,  1887.  Director-General. 


From  the  Inspectok  of  Gymnasia  to  the  Assistahi 
Adjutant-General. 

Sir,  Aldershot,  July  16,  1887. 

In  compliance  with  the  request  contained  in  your 
memorandum  of  the  1st  instant,  I  have  the  honour 
to  report  for  the  information  of  the  Lieutenant-General 
commanding  the  Aldershot  division,  that  with  respect  to 
Question  four  by  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  as 
to  whether  any  of  the  physical  exercises  used  in  the 
training  of  recruits  would  be  practicable  and  suitable 
for  children  iu  elementaiy  schools,  between  the  ages  of 
eight  and  fouiteen,  I  am  strongly  of  opinion  they 
would  not. 

In  the  first  place,  they  are  not  of  a  recreative 
character,  and  this  for  children  I  consider  a  very 
important  requisite.  Secondly,  they  are  framed  for  the 
instruction  of  men  iu  squads  not  exceeding  15  in 
number,  thereby  enabling  the  instructors  to  give  a 
good  deal  of  attention  to  individuals,  and  to  correct 
mistakes  both  in  execution  and  position,  any  want  of 
attention  to  which  considerably  reduces  the  value  of 
the  exercises,  even  if  it  docs  not  do  actual  harm,  and 
of  course  in  schools  the  classes  would  necessarily 
be  much  larger.  For  these  reasons,  I  cannot  recommend 
them  as  being  suitable  for  <-hildren. 

There  are  various  exercises  not  used  in  the  training 
of  the  soldier,  but  which  we  practice  in  this  place, 
which  are  suitable  for  children,  which  they  learn  easily 
and  instruction  in  which  can  be  imparted  to  a  con- 
■iideraljlc  number  at  a  time.  Many  officers'  children 
have  been  instructed  in  them  for  the  past  eighteen 
months  in  both  the  Gymnasia  here,  and  the  results 
have  been  undeniably  beneficial.  These  exercises 
consist  of  a  series  of  extension  motions  (not  the 
military  ones),  musical  dumb  bell  and  vrand  drill,  with 
the  lightest  possible  wooden  dumb  bells  and  wands, 
and  marching  and  running,  hopping,  jumping,  <fec. 

Many  of  these  are  •performed  to  tiiusic,  the  childien 
singing  while  doing  them.  For  the  majority  of  these 
exercises  however,  space  is  neces.^ary,  and  they  could 
not  be  executed  in  a  room  whore  accompanying  locomo- 
tion was  impossible.  There  would  not  be  much 
difficulty  in  arranging  a  special  system  of  "  free 
gymnastics "    suitable    for     elementary    schools    and 


APPENDIXES   TO   KINAl,   KKPORT. 


*76 


portiou  of  which  might  be  cai'i'ied  out  in  Huhool-rooms 
where  space  is  limited. 

Question  5,  as  to  the  best  means  of  training  teachers 
(who  are  already  such)  to  conduct  physical  exercises 
efficiently,  is  an  extremely  difficult  one  to  answer.  I 
consider  it  to  be  absolutely  necessary  that  the  teacheis 
themselves  should  thoroughly  understand  and  appre- 
ciate the  importance  of  the  exercises  they  teach,  and 
the  eft'ect  for  good  or  evil  they  may  have  upon  the 
children's  tender  frames,  according  as  they  are  well  or 
badly  done,  and  they  should  be  able  to  execute  them 
perfectly  themselves,  and  should  be  physically  capable 
of  setting  them  over  and  over  again  without  undne 
fatigue  as  children  of  the  ages  in  ([uestion  being 
generally  highly  imitative,  pick  up  exercises  bettor  and 
more  rapidly  by  seeing  thcin  done  constantly  and 
correctly,  than  by  any  amount  of  verbal  explanations ; 
but  if  the  exercises  are  set  in  an  incorrect  or  slovenly 
manner,  the  children  will  assuredly  perform  them  in  like 
fashion,  and  beneficial  results  cannot  be  looked  for. 

To  instruct  existing  teachers  in  any  system  that 
might  be  approved,  it  woiild  be  necessary  either  to 
assemble  them  at  central  schools  for  collective  instruc- 
tion which  would  I  imagine  be  attended  by  serious 
difficulties,  or  to  send  round  a  number  of  instructors 
to  the  various  towns,  &c.,  to  give  individual  instruction, 
and  this  I  take  it,  would  be  almost  impossible  and 
would  involve  much  time  and  expense,  but  if  it  were 
to  be  male  a  necessary  qualification  for  teachers  in  the 
future,  and  jjropei  facilities  given  to  candidates  to 
qualify,  the  system  could  be  easily  and  quickly 
established  throughout  the  country,  to  the  great  benefit 
of  future  generations.  I  may  here  touch  upon  a  matter 
of  detail  which  however  must  not  bo  lost  sight  of,  viz., 
if  it  is  in  contemplation  that  instruction  in  physical 
exercises  is  to  be  carried  out  by  "  female,  as  well  as  male 
"  teachers,  "  the  former  would  require  to  be  suitably 
attired,  as  it  would  be  absolutely  impossible  for  the 
exercises  to  be  set  by  a  woman  wearing  stays,  long 
petticoats,  dress  improvers,  or  other  eccentricities  of 
modern  feniale  apparel. 

I  have  &c. 
(Signed)        Geo.  W.  Onslow, 

Lieutentant-Colonel, 
Inspector  of  Gymnasia. 


OLIV. 

East  Court,  Pinchampstead,  Wokingham, 
17th  September,  1887. 

My  dear  Lord  Cross, 

I  AM  anxious  to  bring  before  the  Royal  Commis- 
sion on  Education  a  defect  in  the  existing  Education 
Acts  whereby  the  law  for  compulsory  attendance  is 
evaded.  I  cannot  show  the  defect  better  than  describe 
a  case  which  has  occurred  in  my  own  parish  of  Finch- 
ampstead,  situated  within  the  union  and  school  authority 
of  "Wokingham,  Berkshire.  A  labourer  who  had  four 
children  in  Pinchampstead  school  (his  own  parish), 
was  summoned  on  account  of  the  irregularity  of  the 
children's  attendance.  In  order  to  escape  from  the 
vigilant  Wokingham  attendance  officer,  the  father  with- 
draws his  children  from  Pinchampstead  school,  and 
sends  them  to  Eversley  school,  which  is  in  Hamjishire, 
and  in  the  Winch  field  union  and  school  district.  The 
conseriuencc  is  the  Wokingham  attendance  officer  has 
no  longer  any  official  knowledge  as  to  whether  the 
children  attend  school,  and  the  Winchfield  attendance 
officer  has  no  authority  over  the  parents  who  are  in 
Berkshire. 

The  proper  remedy  appears  to  be  that  the  school  head- . 
teacher  should  be  required  to  i'urnish  monthly  returns  of 
children  attending  his  or  her  school  whose  parents  reside 
within  another  school  district,  and  send  it  through  the 
school  teacher  of  the  parish  to  which  such  children 
belong  to  the  attendance  officer  of  that  district.  It 
would  then  become  the  duty  of  that  att(:ndance  officer 
to  bring  it  before  his  attendance  committee,  and  this 
report  sTiould  be  made  legal  evidence  of  the  children's 
attendance  or  non-attendance,  and  thus  remove  the 
temptation  for  parents  to  send  their  children  to  another 
district  school. 

Let  me  offer  another  suggestion  which  the  chairman 
of  our  attendance  committee  is  very  anxious  to  bring 
before  the  R.\val  Commissioners. 

Many  children  are  growing  up  nn-educated,  notwith- 
standing the   parents  are   repeatedly   summoned  and 

o    55387.  '' 


fined,  cither  because  it  answers  better  to  pay  the  fine, 
or  else  the  fine  is  paid  by  a  relative  or  by  some  other 
|)ci  son  who  is  opposed  to  compulsory  education. 

My  friend  considers  that  magistrates  ought  to  b« 
empowered  to  increase  the  fine  after  a  first  or  second 
conviction. 

I  hope  1  am  not  too  late  in  drawing  attention  to 
these  matters,  in  case  you  have  not  already  had  them 
under  consideration. 

Yours  verj-  sincerely, 

To  the  Right  Hon.  W.  Lroy. 

The  Viscount  Cross,  G.O.B., 

Chairman  of  the  Royal  Commission 
on  Education. 


CLV. 

To  the  HoNouiiABi.B  the  Commissioners  anpointed  to 
inquire  into  the  working  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Acts  in  England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Vestry  of  the  Parish  of  Hammer- 
smith, in  the  County  of  Middlesex,  nnder  their 
Common  Seal. 

SUEWETIl  : — 

That  your  memorialists  are  the  Local  Authority 
constituted  under  the  Metropolis  Local  Management 
Acts  for  the  Paiish  of  Hammersmith,  having  an  area 
of  2,286  acres,  a  population  of  about  104,000,  and  a 
rateable  value  of  503,472L 

That  your  memorialists  have  upon  several  occasions 
had  under  consideration  the  subject  of  the  expenses 
attending  the  election  of  Members  of  the  School  Board 
for  London,  and  that  your  memorialists  find  that  at 
the  latest  election,  viz.,  in  November,  1885,  such 
expenses  amounted  to  the  sum  of  10,465i.  17g.  Id.,  to 
which  your  memorialists  contributed  the  sum  of 
259Z.  14a-. 

That  your  memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  many  of 
the  charges  included  in  the  account  in  question  are 
unjustifiable,  and  that  the  total  cost  of  the  election  is 
most  excessive. 

That  your  memorialists  have  considered  the  circular 
letter  issued  by  the  Education  Department  on  the  17th 
Juno,  1886,  laying  down  a  certain  scale  of  charges  to 
be  adopted  at  school  board  elections,  and  your  memo- 
rialists are  of  opinion  that  although  under  the  regula- 
tions set  forth  in  such  circular  the  expenses  will  be 
reduced  they  will  still  be  far  beyond  what  is  fair  and 
reasonable. 

That  your  memorialists  are  informed  that  amongst 
the  matters  to  be  considered  by  your  Honourable  Com- 
mission are  : — 

(a)  Should  the  present  system  of  election  of  mem- 
bers of  school  boards  be  maintained  P 
(h)  How  can  the  expense  of  these  elections  be  cnr- 
tailed  ? 
Your  memorialists  respectfully  suggest : — 

(it)  That  the  most  convenient  area  for  school  board 
electoral  purposes  in  the  meti'opolis  would 
be  the  Parliamentary  Divisions  as  settled  by 
the  Redistribution  of  Seats  Act,  1885,  with 
one  member  for  each  division. 
(6.)  That  the  cumulative  system  of  voting  at  school 

board  elections  should  be  abolished, 
(c.)  That  ciusual  vacancies  occurring  on  the  school 
board   should  be  filled  up  by  a  vote  of  the 
ratepayers,  and  not,  as  at  present,  by  the 
members  of  such  board. 
id.)  That  a  returning  officer  should  be  appointed 
for  each  school  board  division,  and  that  the 
office  of  returning  officer  for  the  whole  of  the 
Metropolis  should  be  abolished. 
((•  )  That  the  returning  officers  should  Ije  nominated 

by  the  Kdncatiou  Department. 
(/.)  That  all  expenditure  for  school  boa/d  election 
purposes  paid  for  out  of  the  raves  should  be 
subject  to  taxation. 
(7.)  That  the  fees  paid  to  the  returning  officers 
should  be  greatly  reduced,  and  that  the 
total  cost  of  carrying  out  an  election  of 
members  of  the  school  board  in  the  suggested 
increased  number  ol  constituencies  should 
not  exceed  the  total  cost  of  carrying  out  an 
election  in  the  existing  constituencies  iip<m 
the  revised  scale  l»i<l  down  by  the  Education 
Department. 

P 


47« 


elemenTaky  education  acts  oommission  ; 


Your  memorialists  therefore  humbly  pray  that  your 
Honourable  Commission  will  recommend  that  the  neces- 
sary steps  be  taken  for  making  the  parliamentary 
divisions  of  the  metropolis  the  electoral  districts  for 
school  board  purposes,  with  one  member  for  each  divi- 
sion ;  that  the  cumulative  system  of  voting  bo  abolished; 
that  casual  vacancies  oh  the  school  board  be  filled  up 
by  vote  of  the  ratepayers,  and  that  the  other  altera- 
tions herein-before  suggested  in  the  mode  of  conducting 
school  board  elections,  and  in  defraying  the  cost  thereof, 
be  carried  out. 

And  your  memorialists  will  ever  pray,  &o 


Sealed  by  order, 

W.  P-  OOCKBTJBN, 

Vestry  Clerk. 


Vestry  Hall,  Hammersmith,  W., 
14th  September  1887. 


casual  vacancies  should  be  filled  either  by  the  board  or 
by  the  ratepayers  unless  the  number  of  members  should 
bo  reduced  below  two-thirds,  as  is  the  case  with  vestries 
under  the  Metropolia  Local  Management  Acts,  but  that 
if  smaller  areas  were  adopted,  the  expense  of  the  election 
would  be  so  mucli  curtailed  that  the  casual  vacancies 
might  then  be  filled  by  the  ratepayers. 

Your  memorialists  therefore  humbly  pray  that  your 
Honourable  Commission  will  recommend  that  the 
necessary  steps  be  taken  for  making  the  Parliamentary 
Divisions  of  the  metropolis  the  electoral  districts  for 
school  boai-d  purposes,  with  one  member  for  each 
division,  that  the  cumulative  system  of  voting  be 
abolished,  and  that  the  other  alterations  herein-before 
suggested  in  the  mode  of  conducting  school  board 
elections  be  carried  out. 

And  your  memoriaUsts  wiU  ever  pray. 

Sealed  by  order  of  the  Vestry 
this  30th  day  of  September 
1887. 

RoBEKT  Paget, 
Vestry  Clerk. 


L.s 


CLVI. 

To  the  Eight  Honoukable  the  Viscount  Caoss,  G.C.B., 
Chairman  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education. 

The  Humble  Memorial  of  the  City  of  Manchester 
School  Board, 

Respectfully  Sheweth  :— 

That  your  memorialists  desire  to  represent  to  the 
Royal  Commission  on  the  Education  Acts,  their  views 
in  favour  of  placing  in  the  hands  of  the  Local  School 
Authorities  the  duty  of  paying  the  school  fees  for 
necessitous,  but  non-pauper  children. 

That  the  law  by  which  parents  of  scholars  attending 
schools  other  than  board  schools,  are  obliged,  in  case 
of  poverty  to  apply  to  the  Guardians  of  the  Poor  in  order 
to  Beoure  remission  of  the  school  fees,  acts  as  a  hindrance 
to  education.  That  a  stigma  is  placed  on  parents 
brought  by  the  operation  of  the  law  into  pauperising 
associations  and  the  attendance  of  their  children  at 
school  is  practically  discouraged. 

That  the  remission  of  school  fees  being  an  educational 
question,  should  bo  dealt  with  by  the  Local  Educational 
Authority. 

And  your  memorialists  will  ever  pray,  &c. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  School  ~| 
Board  for  the  City  of  Man-  I  Joseph  Nunn, 

Chester,   this    19th    day    of  |  Chairman. 

September  1887  J 

Charles  Henry  Wyatt, 
Clerk. 


CLVm. 

To  the  Right  Honourable  the  Viscount  Cross,  G.C.B., 
Chairman  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  the  Ele- 
mentary Education  Acts. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Guardians  of  the  Poor  of  the 
Township  of  Manchester,  in  the  County  of  Lan- 
caster, 

Sheweth  : — 

That  your  memorialists  desire  to  call  your  atten- 
tion  to  Section  10  of  the  Education  Act,  1876,  which 
imposes  upon  guardians  of  the  poor  the  duty  of  paying 
the  school  fees  of  any  child,  whose  parent  not  being  a 
pauper,  is  unable  by  reason  of  poverty  to  pay  the 
ordinary  fee  for  such  child  at  a  Public  Elementary 
School. 

That  your  memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  it  is  most 
undesirable  that  indigent  parents  who  are  not  paupers 
should  be  compelled  to  apply  to  the  guardians  of  the 
poor  for  payment  of  school  fees  for  their  children,  as 
such  a  course  tends  to  the  spread  of  pauperism  by 
familiarising  both  parents  and  children  with  the  mode 
of  obtaining  parochial  relief. 

That  your  memorialists  would  therefore  strongly 
urge  the  desirableness  of  again  placing  in  the  hands  of 
the  school  boards  the  power  of  paying  school  fees  in 
such  cases  as  are  above  referred  to. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Board  of  Guardians  of  the 
said  township  of  Manchester  this  day 

of  October  1887. 

G.  F.  Fisher, 

Chairman. 


CLVII. 

To  the  Honourable  the  Commissioners  appointed  to 
inquire  into  the  working  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Acts  in  England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Vestry  of  the  Parish  of  Saint 
James  and  Saint  John,  Clekkenwell,  in  the 
County  of  Middlesex, 

Respectfully  Sheweth  : — 

That  your  memorialists  are  the  Local  Authority 
constituted  under  the  Metropolis  Local  Management 
Acts  for  the  parish  of  Clerkenwell,  having  an  area  of 
380  acres,  a  population  of  about  70,000,  and  a  rateable 
value  of  over  350,000Z. 

That  your  memorialists  are  informed  that  amongst 
the  matters  to  be  considered  by  your  Honourable 
Commissioners  are : — 

(a.)  Should  the  present  system  of  election  of  mem- 
bers of  school  boards  be  maintained  ? 

(6.)  How  can  the  expense  of  these  elections  be 
curtailed  P 

Your  memorialists  respectfully  suggest  that  the 
most  convenient  area  for  school  board  electoral  pur- 
poses in  the  metropolis  would  be  the  Parliamentary 
Divisions  as  settled  by  the  Redistribution  of  Seats  Act, 
1885,  with  one  member  for  each  division,  and  that  the 
cumulative  system  of  voting  should  be  abolished. 

In  the  event,  however,  of  the  present  school  board 
divisions  in  the  metropolis  being  retained,  your  memo- 
rialists  would   suggest   that  it  is   not  necessary  that 


CLLX. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  appointed  to  inquire  into  the 
WORKING  of  the  Elementary  Education  Acts, 
England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  undersigned  Alner  Edmund 
Brown,  Clerk  in  Holy  Orders,  Wadenhoe,  near 
Oundle, . 

Most  respeotpully  Sheweth  : — 

1.  That  section  74  of  the  Elementaiy  Education  Act, 
1870  (which  section  is  now  in  operation  throughout  the 
kingdom,  by  means  of  local  byelaws  framed  under  it), 
provides  that  it  shall  be  a  reasonable  excuse  for  a  child 
not  attending  school  that  such  child  is  "  under  efficient 
instruction  in  some  other  raanner." 

2.  That  section  24  (7)  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Act,  1873,  directs  the  court  before  which  proceedings 
are  taken,  in  the  case  of  a  child  attending  a  school 
which  is  not  a  Public  Elementary  School,  to  require 
proof  from  the  defendant  that  the  school  is  efficient ; 
and  directs  the  court  further,  in  considering  whether 
the  school  is  efficient,  to  "  have  regard  to  the  age  of  the 
"  child,  and  to  the  standard  of  education  corresponding 
"  to  such  age,  prescribed  by  the  minutes  of  the  Education 
' '  Department  for  the  time  being  in  force  with  respect  to 
"  the  Parliamentary  grant." 

3.  That  these  minutes,  commonly  called  the  "  Code," 
prescribe  what  is  known  as  Standard  I.  for  the  exami- 
nation, as  a  rule,  of  every  child  above  the  age  of  seven, 
in  schools  receiving  the  Parliamentary  grant,  and  also 


APPENDIXES  TO  FINAL  BKPOBT. 


477 


prescribe  successive  standards  for  the  examination  of 
the  game  child  in  successive  years  (Articles  107  (c) 
and  109  (e)  as  interpreted  by  "Instructions  to  Her 
Majesty's  Inspectors,"  paragraphs  5,  6)  ;  and  by  requir- 
ing every  child  above  the  ago  of  ten,  coming  from 
another  school,  to  be  treated  by  the  inspector,  in  the 
absence  of  special  explanation,  as  though  he  had  already 
passed  in  Standard  III.  (Instructions,  paragraph  67). 
The  Education  Department  plainly  indicates  what  it 
would  regard  as  the  standard  coi-responding  with  the 
age  of  any  particular  child  with  respect  to  the  grant, 
and  therefore  also  with  respect  to  the  proceedings  of  a 
court  of  summary  jurisdiction  as  referred  to  above. 

4.  That  under  section  48  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Act,  1876,  schools  which  are  not  Public  Elementary 
Schools  may  be  certified  as  efficient  by  tlie  education, 
bnt  no  school  can  be  so  certified  which  is  condncted  for 
private  pi-ofit. 

5.  That  consequently,  in  the  case  of  a  child  who  is 
receiving  instruction  either  at  home,  or  in  a  school  con- 
ducted for  private  profit,  the  court  ought  to  be  able  to  , 
ascertain  whether  the  child  has  passed  the  standard 
corresponding  to  his  age,  as  above  defined,  or  not,  and, 
if  not,  whether  he  is  making  all  the  progress  towards 
it  which  can  reasonably  be  expected. 

6.  That,  under  Article  30  of  the  present  Education 
Code,  any  child  above  the  age  of  ten  may  claim  to  be 
examined  for  a  certificate  of  proficiency  in  any  standard 
of  the  Code  whatever  ;  but  that  it  is  doubtful  whether 
it  is  generally  and  fully  understood  that  this  privilege 
can  be  claimed,  except  by  a  child  who  is  cither  about  to 
seek  industrial  employment,  or  is  presented  for  a  grant 
as  a  scholar  in  the  school  where  he  is  examined. 

7.  That  no  adequate  facilities  of  any  kind  exist,  in 
the  case  of  children  who  are  below  the  age  of  ten,  and 
who  are  receiving  insti-uctiou  either  in  schools  con- 
ducted for  private  profit  or  at  their  own  homes,  for 
proving  that  such  instruction  is  really  eflicient. 

8.  That  the  benefit  of  Article  30  of  the  Code  ouglit 
therefore  to  bo  extended  to  all  children  above  the  age 
of  seven,  and  that  children  below  that  age  (when  there 
is  every  inducement  for  parents  among  the  working 
classes  to  send  to  efficient  schools)  out  to  be  presumed 
to  be  receiving  instruction  corresponding  to  their  age 
and  capacity,  unless  they  are  found  wandering  in  the 
streets;  and,  for  the  same  reason,  that  the  present 
opportunities  for  the  imlividrtal  examination  of  scholars 
in  grant-aided  schools  should  on  no  account  be 
curtailed. 

9.  That  the  absence  of  provision  to  the  above  effect 
leads  unavoidably  either  to  the  great  unfairness,  on  the 
one  hand,  between  different  classes  of  society  in  the 
administration  of  the  law,  or  on  the  other,  to 
indiscriminate  and  dangerous  laxity. 

10.  That  if  the  parents  of  a  child  who  had  attended 
school  four  times  out  of  every  five  that  the  school  was 
open  during  a  given  period  were  thereby  formally  ex- 
empted from  liability  to  prosecution  in  respect  of  that 
period  great  encouragement  would  be  afforded  to  attend- 
ance considerably  above  the  present  average  (which  is 
three  times  out  of  every  four),  while  the  more  careful 
class  of  parents  would  be  anxious  (as  at  present)  to  show 
that  the  attendance  of  their  children  was  not  limited 
to  a  legal  minimum,  though  that  minimum  itself  would 
be  far  higher  than  any  at  present  enforced  by  the 
courts. 

11.  That  children  who  have  passed  the  standard  for 
partial  exemption  should  bo  allowed  to  avail  themselves 
of  such  exemption  (unless  found  idling  about  the 
streets  or  misconducting  themselves  in  any  way), 
without  making  the  Local  Authority  responsible  for 
ascertaining  that  they  are  "  beneficially  and  necessa,rily 
employed,"  as.  this  point  cannot  be  really  ascertained 
without  proceedings  of  an  inquisitorial  character  ;  and 
that,  for  the  same  reason,  no  certificate  from  the  Local 
Authority  should  be  necessary  for  enabling  school  mana- 
gers to  claim  the  half  timer's  special  grant,  as  now 
required  by  Article  12  (h)  compared  with  Article  11. 

12.  That  the  times  of  attendance  of  half  timers  not 
under  the  Factory  and  "Workshop  Acts  should  be  more 
carefully  defined  than  they  generally  are  at  present. 

13.  That  in  rural  districts  all  public  elementary 
schools  should  be  examined  in  the  spring,  when  rnral 
half  timers  will  have  been  in  most  regular  attendance. 

14.  That  it  would  be  very  desirable  to  separate  the 
standard  examination  of  children  from  the  general 
school  inspection,  in  point  of  time,  and  to  render  it  as 
pitiZic  as  possible. 

15.  That  a  duplicate  of  the  examination  schedule 
should  iu  all  cases  be  sent  by  the  Education  Depart- 
ment to  the  Local  Authority,  as  well  as  to  the  school 


managers,  for  production  when  required  by  a  Court  of 
Summary  Jurisdiction  ;  that  this  sohednle  should  be 
conclusive  evidence  of  proficiency,  and  vrimd  facie 
evidence  of  age  ;  and  that  proof  of  age  and  proficiency 
shonld  only  be  required  from  the  defendant  when  thn 
child's  name  is  not  on  the  schedule  {e.g.,  on  removal  to 
another  neighbourhood),  or  when  the  defendant  disputes 
the  statement  of  age. 

16.  That,  under  the  Education  Act  passed  in  1876, 
the  standards  prescribed  by  the  Code  of  that  y^ar  for 
the  Parliamentary  grant  possess  exclusive  authority  for 
certain  purposes  connected  with  the  employment  of 
children ;  that  these  standards  have  been  considerably 
modified  by  subsequent  minutes  of  the  Department  for 
the  purposes  of  the  grant,  and  in  their  former  form  are 
probaljly  obsolete  ;  that  it  is  therefore  absolutely 
necessary  to  revise  them  carefully,  and  to  give  them 
permanent  Parliamentary  authority  for  all  purposes 
whatever ;  and  that  it  is  very  desirable  that  Mental 
Arithmetic,  Elementary  Geography,  and  the  gram- 
matical "  parts  of  speech,"  should  be  included  in  the 
individual  examination  of  every  child,  as  counting 
towards  his  certificate,  though  not  necessarily  indis- 
pensable to  it. 

AiNER  E.  Browtt. 


CLX. 

•  145,  Redland  Road,  Bristol, 

SiK,  February  6th,  1888. 

I  AM  directed  by  the  Committee  of  the  "  Western 
"  Unitarian  and  Free  Christian  Union,"  on  behalf  of 
their  co-religioniats  in  the  six  western  counties,  to 
inform  you  that  at  the  bi-monthly  meeting  of  that 
Committee,  held  this  day  at  Lewin's  Mead  Meeting, 
Bristol,  the  following  Re.'folution  was  unanimously 
passed : — 

"  That  this  Committee  of  the  Western  Unitarian  and 
Free   Christian   Union  records   its   emphatic   dis- 
approval of  the  memorials  presented  to  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Education  by  the  '  English  Church 
Union,' and  the  'Church  Extension  Association'; 
that  it  would  call  promi)t  and  serious  attention  to 
the  fact  that  opportunities  for  religious  instruction 
are  already  provided  for  by  the  Act  of  1870,  in 
regard  to  which   it    unreservedly   condemns  any 
retrogressive  policy  whatever ;  and  would  strongly 
urge  all  true  friends  of  undenominational  education 
to  oppose,  by  every  legitimate  means  in  their  power, 
a  repeal  of  the  fourteenth  clause  of  that  Act,  in  the 
interest  of  any  particular  church  or  sect." 
It  was  farther  resolved  "  that  a  copy  of  this  resolution 
"  be  forthwith  forwarded  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Royal 
"  Commission  on  Education." 
On  behalf  of  the  Committee, 
I  am.  Sir, 

Faithfully  yours, 

A.  N.  Blatchpoed, 
Mmister  of  Lewin's  Mead  Meeting,  Bristol. 
The  Secretary, 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CLXI. 

Resolution  passed  by  Committee  of  Devdties,  24th 
January  1888. 

That  this  Committee  views  with  considerable  mis- 
apprehension the  steps  which  are  being  taken  by  the 
supporters  of  Denominational  Schools  to  obtain  an 
alteration  of  the  existing  laws  with  respect  to  elemen- 
tary education,  inasmuch  as  while,  on  the  one  hand, 
endeavours  arc  being  made  to  bring  abont  a  repeal  of 
the  present  restrictions  on  sectarian  teaching  in  Public 
Elementary  Schools,  on  the  other,  it  is  sought  to 
divert  part  of  the  money  obtained  from  rates  to 
Denominational  Schools,  and  also  to  increase  the 
amount  of  the  present  grants  to  such  schools  from  the 
Consolidated  Fund.  The  Committee  feel  that  the 
caiTying  into  effect  of  the  proposals  referred  to  must 
both  retard  the  formation  of  new  Board  Schools,  and 
interfere  with  fho  satisfactory  carrying  on  of  the  work 
in  the  existing  Board ' Schools.  It  will  tend  to  prevent 
Nonconformists  obtaining  public  elementary  education 
for  their  children  ijxcept  at  Denomination  Schools 
where  sectarian  views  will  bo  promoted.  Noncon- 
formists and  other  ratepayers  will  also  be  called  upon 
to  make  larger  payments  by  reason  of  the  diversion  of 


3P  2 


478 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION 


a  portion  of  iho  presBut  rates  to  Denomiuational 
Schools,  and  they  will  thus  be  needlessly  and  unfairly 
taxed.  The  Committee  protest  against  this  retrogade 
policy,  and  will  cordially  assitit  in  any  movement  which 
may  be  set  on  foot  to  defeat  it. 


CLXII. 

Congregational  Union  of  England  and  Wales, 
'  Memorial  Hall,  Farringdon  Street, 
Siii^  London,  B.C.,  10th  February  1888. 

I  AM  instructed  by  the  Committee  of  the  Con- 
gregational Union  of  England  and  Wales  to  commu- 
nicate to  yon  the  resolution  adopted  by  them  at  their 
meeting  of  the  17th  ultimo. 

The   resolution    is   endorsed  on  the  fly-leaf  of  this 

sheet. 

Yours  vei-y  truly, 

Alexander  Hannay, 
The  Secretary,  Secretary. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CLXIV. 

Tho  "  Gladstone  "  Clnlj, 
Norwich, 
SiK,  2  February  1888. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  this  club,  held 
last  evening,  the  following  resolution  was  unanimously 
(jassed,  and  requested  to  be  forwarded  to  you : — 

"  That  this  meeting  of  the  Gladstone  Club,  Norwich, 
views  with  the  deepest  disapprobation  the  organised 
attempt  of  the  advocates  of  sectarian  education  to 
tamper  with  the  beneficent  legislation  of  1870,  and 
utters  its  protest  against  any  increased  Parliamentary 
grants  to  denominational  schools,  also  against  any 
portion  of  local  rates  being  applied  to  their  support: 
and  expresses  its  conviction  that  School  Boards  should 
be  left  unhampered  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  an 
Act  which  was  a  compromise  between  the  two  great 
parties  in  the  State." 

I  am.  Sir, 

Yours  faithfully, 

W.  N.  Ladell, 
Hon.  Secretary. 
To  the  Chairman  of  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Education. 


Rbsolution  unanimously  adopted  at  the  Meeting  of  the 
Genbbal  Committee  op  the  Congregational  Union 
OP  England  and  Wales  held  on  January  17th, 
1888.  , 

"Having  regard  to  the  fact  that  efforts  are  being 
made  to  induce  the  Royal  Commission  on  the  Elemen- 
tary Education  Acts  to  report  in  favour  of  such  changes 
in  the  Elementary  Education  Act  of  1870,  and  in  the 
administration  of  that  Act,  as  will  remove  all  restric- 
tions on  sectarian  teaching  in  Public  Elementaiy 
Schools,  and  also  involve  the  appropriation  of  addi- 
tional public  money  for  the  support  oi'  Denominational 
Schools,  this  Committee  feels  bound  to  declare  that  it 
will  offer  the  most  streimous  opposition  to  so  reactionary 
a  policy,  which  cannot  fail  to  retard  the  educational 
progress  of  the  country,  and  which  will  also  inflict 
grievous  injustice  on  a  large  section  of  the  community. 

"  The  Committee  renews  its  protest  against  the  com- 
pulsory attendance  of  the  children  of  Nonconformists 
at  schools  conducted  in  the  interest  of  the  Church  of 
England  or  of  other  denominations,  and  affirms  the 
necOTsity  for  providing,  in  all  purts  of  the  kingdom. 
Elementary  Schools  under  the  control  of  the  representa- 
tives of  the  public,  and  free  from  sectarian  influence  in 
regard  to  both  management  and  teaching." 


CLXIII. 
Royal  Commission  on  Education. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Council  of  the  British  and 
Foreign  Unitarian  Association,  at  Essex  Hall,  Strand, 
Mondon,  on  the  31st  of  January  1888,  Mr.  Harry 
Rawson,  President,  in  the  chair,  the  following 
resolution  was  passed : — 

"  The  Council,  having  had  its  attention  drawn  to  the 
proposals  made  in  memorials  addressed  to  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Education  by  the  '  English  Church 
Union '  and  the  '  Church  Extension  Association  '  to  the 
effect,  (1)  that  the  14th  section  of  the  Education  Act  of 
1870, '  which  provides  that  in  Board  Schools  '  no 
'  religious  catechisms  or  religious  formulary  which  is 
'  distinctive  of  any  particular  denomination  shall  be 
'  taught,'  should  be  repealed  ;  (2)  that  all  persons  who 
can  furnish  satisfactory  evidence  that  they  contribute  a 
sum  equal  in  amount  to  the  rate  to  a  volnntary  school 
within  the  same  parochial  limits,  shall  in  future  be 
relieved  from  paying  the  School  Board  rate ;  resolves — 

"  That  such  proposals  ought  to  receive  the  strenuous 
,Hid  determined  opposition  of  all  friends  of  religious 
equality,  aa  well  as  of  all  who  desire  the  establishment 
of  an  unsectarian  system  of  national  education." 

Henby  Jehson, 

Secretary. 

Essex  Hall,  Essex  Street,  W.C. 


CLXV. 

Resolution  of  Quarterly  Meeting  of  the  Association 
of  the  Pastors  and  Deacons  of  the  nine  Con- 
gregational Churches  of  the  Borough  of 
Croydon:  held  in  the  Schoolroom  of  Trinity 
Congregational  Church  on  Monday,  20th  February 
1880,  the  Rev.  John  Foster  Lkptne  in  the  Chair. 

Proposed   by   Mr.   Alderman   Haggis,   seconded    by 

Mr.  Thomas  A.  Johns,  and  carried  unanimously  : — 

"That  this   meeting   of  Ministers   and   Officers    of 

Congregational  Churches   in  Croydon  views  with 

apprehension  the  suggested  repeal  of  the  fourteenth 

clause  of  the  Education  Act,  1870,  and  subsidising 

of  Denominational  Schools  out  of  local  rates,  aa 

destinctive  of  the  national  character  of  our  system 

of  public  education;  and   it  hereby  pledges  itself 

that  should  recommendations  of  such  a  character 

be  made  in  tho  forthcoming  Rcjiort  of  the  Royal 

Commission   on  Educaticm.  it  will   give  them  its 

most  strenuous  opposition." 

Proposed  by  Mr.  Haggis,  seconded  by  tho  Rev.  T.  T. 

Waterman,  B.A.,  and  carried  unanimously  :  — 

"  That  a  copy  of  the  foregoing  resolution  be  sent  to 
the    Secretaiy     of    the     Royal    Commission     on 
Education,  to  be  laid  before  the  Commission." 
Copied  from  the  minutes  of  the  Croydon  Pastors  and 
Deacons'  Association,  the  24th  February  1888. 

Alden  Davies, 

Honorary  Secretary. 


CLXVI. 

The  following  I'esolntion  was  unanimously  passed  at 
the  annual  meeting  of  the  Bradford  District  of  the 
Yorkshire  Congregational  Union  and  Home  Missionary 
Society,  held  at  Idle,  near  Bradford,  on  Febi-uary 
21st,  1888:  — 

"That  in  the  judgment  of  this  meeting  it  will  be 
unjust  and  impolitic  for  tho  sanction  of  Parliament  to 
l)e'  given  to  any  alterations  of  the  Education  Act  of 
1870,  whereby— 

"  (1.)  The  education  rates  may  be  given  to  any 
schools  where  distinctive  denominational  formularies 
are  taught ;  and  whereby 

"  (2.)  The  education  rates  may  be  applied  to  the 
support  of  schools  from  whose  administration  the 
ratepayers  in  general  are  excluded." 

Thos.  Windsor, 

Secretary. 


appkndixes  to  final  rkport. 


479 


CLXVII. 

To  the  Royal  CoMMisstos  appointed  to  inquire  intothe 
WOEK.ING  of  the  Elementasy  Education  Acts. 

The  Memorial  of  Pastors,  Delegates,  and  others, 
Representatives  of  the  Metropolitan  Associa- 
tion of  Strict  Baptist  Churches  in  Annual 
Meeting,  assembled  on  the  13th  March  1888, 
at  SoHo  Baptist  Chapel,  Shaftesbury  Avenue, 
London. 

Sheweth  : — 

That  whereas  efforts  are  being  made  to  induce 
the  Commissioners  to  recommend  increased  grants  of 
public  money  for  the  support  of  Denominational  Schools, 
the  memorialists  feel  it  to  be  their  duty  to  express  the 
opinion  that  such  a  course  would  be  fraught  with  serious 
evils  of  both  a  religious  and  social  character. 

Such  increased  grants,  they  believe,  would  bo  practi- 
cally Sectarian  Endowments  ;  would  subordinate  edu- 
cational to  proselytising  interests  ;  and  would,  by  pre- 
venting the  opening  of  School  Board  Schools,  inflict 
great  injustice  on  the  inhabitants  of  rural  and  other 
parishes. 

The  memorialists  are  strongly  of  opinion  that  all 
schools  supported  out  of  public  rates  should  be  subject 
to  the  control  of  the  ratepayers ;  and  that  ratepayers 
ought  not  to  be  exempted  from  the  payment  of  an 
educational  rate  on  the  ground  that  they  support 
voluntary  schools,  or  for  any  other  reason. 

They  also  strongly  deprecate  the  abolition  of  the 
existing  restrictions  on  denominational  teaching  in 
Public  Elementary  Schools. 

And  they  trust  that  the  Commissioners  will  feel  it  to 
be  their  duty  to  offer  such  recommendations  as  will  be 
calculated  to  promote  the  adoption  of  a  truly  national 
system  of  education,  by  the  adoption  of  the  principle 
of  popular  control,  and  by  repressing,  instead  of  en- 
couraging, sectarian  influences  in  connexion  with  popular 
education. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Assembly, 
John  Hunt  Lynn, 

President. 


CLXVIII. 

Gloucestershire  and  Herefordshire  Baptist 
Association, 

Chalford,  Stroud, 
Sir,  March  19,  1888. 

The  resolution  on  the  other  side  was  passed 
unanimously  at  a  quarterly  meeting  of  the  Gloucester- 
shire and  Herefordshire  Baptist  Associaton  held  at 
Tydbrook,  in  the  county  of  Gloucester,  on  Tuesday  13th 
instant.  It  is  the  wish  of  the  Committee  it  should  be 
sent  to  you,  and  we  hope  you  will  be  kind  enough  to 
lay  it  before  the  Commissioners. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be, 

Tour  obedient  Servant, 

D.  R.  Morgan, 
Hon.  Secretary. 
To  the  Secretary, 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


"  That  this  meeting  of  the  Committee  of  the  Glou- 
cestershire and  Herefordshire  Baptist  Association 
views  with  the  deepest  disapprobation  the  attempt  of 
the  advocates  of  sectarian  education  to  tamper  with  the 
legislation  of  1870,  and  utters  its  protest  against  any 
increased  Parliamentary  grants  being  made  to  denomi- 
national schools,  and  against  any  portion  of  local  rates 
being  applied  to  their  suppoi-t,  and  alsc  against  those 
being  exempted  from  paying  rates  who  contribute  to 
the  funds  of  such  schools,  and  expresses  its  conviction 
that  all  secular  education  should  be  free,  supported  by 
the  State,  and  subject  to  State  control." 


OLXIX. 

Nottingham  Liberal  Union, 
Brougham  Chambers,  Wheeler  Gate, 
Nottingham, 
Sir,  March  19,  1888. 

We  have  been  requested  to  forward  you  a  copy 
of  the  subjoined  resolution  unanimously  adopted  by 
the  Council   "  the  800 "   of  the   above   Union  at   its 


annual  mooting  last  week,  and  to  ask  you  ti>  oo  good 
enough  to  submit  it  to  the  Royal  Commission  on 
Education.  Allow  us  to  add  that  there  is  a  very  strong 
feeling  hero  upon  the  subject. 

We  are.  Sir, 

Yours  truly, 

Edward  Geippeu, 

President. 
Parker  Woodward, 
Hon.  Secretary. 

Resolution  : 

"  That  this  meeting  considers  the  proposals  made  to 
the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  by  the  supporters 
of  denominational  schools,  and  approved  by  Mr.  Patrick 
Cumin,  the  Secretary  to  the  Department,  to  bo  most 
retrogade  in  their  character,  and  fraught  with  grave 
danger  to  the  cause  of  elementary  education,  and  is  of 
opinion  that  any  attempt  to  divert  the  rates  from  the 
support  of  undenominational  schools  to  sectarian 
schools,  or  to  permit  the  teaching  in  board  schools  of 
sectarian  dogmas,  ought  to  be  opposed  to  the  fullest 
extent  by  every  Liberal." 

The  Secretary, 

Royal  Commission  on  Education.  ' 


CLXX. 

Chalford,  Stroud,  Gloucester, 
Sir.  March  22,  1888. 

The  resolution  below  was  passed  at  the  annual 
meeting  of  the  subscribers  to  the  British  School  at 
Chalford,  Stroud,  on  Tuesday,  March  20th,  with  the 
request  it  be  sent  to  you  to  be  laid  before  the  Royal 
Commissioners. 

I  have,  &c. 

Your  obedient  Servant, 
D.  R.  Morgan, 
Hon.  Secretary. 

"  That  this  meeting  of  the  subscribers  to  the  Chalford 
British  School  views,  with  the  deepest  disapprobation, 
the  attempt  of  the  advocates  of  sectarian  education  to 
tamper  with  the  legislation  of  1870,  and  enters  its 
protest  against  any  increased  parliamentary  grants 
being  maile  to  denominational  schools,  and  against  any 
portion  of  local  rates  being  applied  to  their  support, 
also  against  those  being  exempted  from  paying  rates 
who  contribute  to  the  funds  of  such  schools,  and 
expresses  its  conviction  that  all  secular  education 
should  be  free,  supported  by  the  State,  and  subject  to 
State  control." 

To  the  Secretary, 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


CLXXI. 

To  the  Chairman  and  Members  of  the  Royal  Commission 
appointed  to  consider  the  working  of  the  Elemen- 
tary Education  Acts  in  England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
National  Union  of  Elementary  Teachers. 

Sheweth  :— 

That  your  Memorialists  have  observed  with  much 
satisfaction  the  appointment  of  a  Royal  Commission  to 
inquire  into  the  working  of  the  Elementary  Education 
Acts  in  England  and  Wales,  and  have  noted  with  deep 
interest  the  evidence  collected  by  the  Commission. 

They  now  desire  to  submit  for  the  consideration  of 
the  Commissioners  a  few  suggestions  and  observations 
which  have  been  prompted  by  their  special  knowledge 
and  practical  experience  as  teachers  in  public  elemen- 
tary schools.  Your  Memorialists  venture  to  approach 
the  Commission  as  the  accredited  representatives  of  the 
National  Union  of  Elementary  Teachers  which  com- 
prises about  330  local  Associations  of  Teachers,  con- 
taining an  aggi-egate  of  about  13,000  members,  among 
whom  will  be  found  a  large  proportion  of  the  principal 
teachers  in  the  country,  and  those  who  have  had  the 
greatest  experience  in  the  teaching  and  management  of 
Elementary  Schools. 

Your  Memorialists,  for  the  purpose  of  brevity  and 
clearness,  do  not  embody  in  the  memorial  all  the  facts 


480 


KLRMENTAKY   KDUCATION   ACXB    COMMISSION  : 


and  arguments  -which  might  be  given  in  support  of 
their  suggestions,  but  they  content  themselves  by 
inserting  in  the  memorial  the  more  important  sugges- 
tions and  the  principal  reasons  for  making  them. 


I. — Paymmt  hy  Eesulls. 

"Payment  by  results"  has  been  continuously  and 
consistently  condemned  by  practical  teachers  since  its 
introduction  in  1862,  and  since  the  formation  of  the 
National  Union  in  1870.  No  year  has  passed  without  a 
formal  condemnation  of  the  principle  by  the  annual 
conference  or  by  the  executive. 

At  the  last  annual  conference  the  following  resolution 

strongly  condemning  the  system  was  agreed  to : — 

"That  in  the  opinion  of  this  conference  the  so-called 

system  of  payment  by  results  has  seriously  injured 

the    methods    of    instruction    and    inspection    in 

Elementary   Schools,    has    lowered    the    ideal    of 

educational  work  throughout  the  country,  and  has 

retarded  to   a  disastrous   extent    the    intellectual 

teaching  of  the  scholars.     This  conference  is  also 

of  opinion  that  the  system  forces  upon  teachers 

against    their  will    the    use    of   unscientific    and 

mechanical  methods  of  teaching,  encourages  cram, 

and    has    introduced    into    Elementary    Schools 

debased  and  improper  methods  of  classification  and 

inspection.     This  conference  is  farther  of  opinion 

that  no  system  of  administration  or  inspection  will 

secure  the   best  results   of  elementary  education 

which    prevents     the    classification     of    scholars 

according  to  their  attainments  and  abilities,  and 

hinders  the  use  of  rational  methods  of  instruction." 

Your  Memorialists  therefore  recommend. 

That  the  principle  of  payment  by  results  should  be 

abolished  as  inapplicable  to  education,  and  that  some 

other  method  of  distributing  the  Parliamentary  grant 

for  education  should  be  devised,  which  will  : — 

(1.)  Prevent    the    subordination    of   educational    to 
pecuniary     considerations    in    the    work     of 
teachers  and  inspectors. 
(2.)  Prevent    "  cram  "     and    encourage     intelligent 

rather  than  mechanical  methods  of  teaching. 
(3.)  Bender  possible  a  rational  programme  of  instruc- 
tion,  capable   of    being    adapted    to    varying 
circumstances  and  localities. 
(4.)  Bestore  to  teachers  the  liberty  of  classfying  their 
scholars  with  sole  regard  to  their  attainments 
and  abilities. 
(5.)  Establish  an  eSective  system  of  examination  by 

"  classes  "  in  lieu  of  that  by  "  standards." 
(6.)  Simplify  tho  work  of  inspection,  render  unneces- 
sary the  exenaiption  of  children  from  examina- 
tion, and  remove  the  over-pressure  upon  poor, 
dull,  delicate  and  irregular  children. 
(7.)  Remove  all  hindrances  to  the  progress  of  bright 

and  intelligent  scholars. 
The  principal  reasons  for  the  above  recsmmendation 
are  as  follows: — 
(a.)  The  most  important  results  of  school  instruction 
and    training    cannot    be    measured    by  any 
system  of  inspection  or  examination. 
(6.)  The  system  of  payment  by  results  has  elevated 
mechanical  results  above  those  which  are  edu- 
cational, and  has  injured  the  classification  and 
the  methods  of  teaching  in  Elementary  Schools, 
(e.)  It  has   set  up  a  false   gauge  of  efficiency,  has 
debased  educational  ideals,  and  demoralised  all 
who  have  come  under  its  influence. 
(d.)  It  has  created  suspicion  and  mistrust  between 
inspectors  and  teachers,  and   destroyed   that 
harmony  of  work  and  purpose  between  them 
which  is  essential  to  educational  progress, 
(e.)  It  condemns  poor  and  weak  schools  to  perpetual 
ineflficiency   by  withdi-awing   from    them    the 
means    by   which    alone    they   can   be    made 
efficient,   and    is  especially  vuisuited    to    the 
conditions  of  rural  and  half-time  schools. 
(/.)  It  is  a  constant  and  fruitful   soui-ce  of  over- 
pressure upon  scholars  and  teachers,  and  has 
forced  upon  the  schools  a  miserable  system  of 
"cram,"  which  secures  !rat  few  lastmg  edu- 
cational results,  and  gives  the  scholars  little 
taste  or  desire  to  continue  their  education  after 
leaving  the  day  school. 
ig )  Because  the  more  intelligent  teaching  and  the 
higher  intellectual  results  which   are,  on  the 
authority  of  Mr.  Matthew  Arnold  and  others, 
stated  to  be  obtained  in  the  continental  schools, 
are  mainly  attributable  to  tho  absence  of  such  a 


system,  which  is  in  force  in  no  other  country, 
and  in  this  country  in  no  other  class  of  schools 
than  those  under  the  Elementary  Edncatioji 
Acts. 
Your  Memorialists  would  further  ])oint  out,  that  the 
evils  of  the  system  have  been  practically  acknowledged 
from  time  to  time  by  those  who  have  framed  the  altera- 
tions in  the  Code.  Nearly  every  change  made  since 
1863,  has  involved  a  departure  from  the  rigid  appli- 
cation of  the  principle  of  payment  by  results  first 
adopted  in  1862.  The  introduction  of  the  "Merit 
grant,"  and  the  "  Class  subjects,"  and  the  use  of  the 
"  Exception  and  Schedule,"  are  instances  of  this.  The 
beneficent  intentions  of  tho  authors  of  the  clauses  which 
embody  these  changes  have,  to  a  largo  extent,  been 
frustrated  by  the  manner  and  spirit  in  which  they  have 
been  administered.  This  spirit  is  clearly  traceable  to 
the  pernicious  principle  of  the  system,  the  Education 
Department  and  its  officers  being  apparently  unable  to 
emancipate  themselves  from  its  influence.  Your 
Memorialists  feel  that  nothing  short  of  the  entire  abro- 
gation of  payment  by  results  will  remove  the  evils  of 
which  such  general  complaints  have  been  made. 

II. — Liberty  of  Classification. 

As  the  educational  success  of  any  school  must  to  a 
large  extent  depend  upon  the  proper  classification  of 
scholars,  according  to  their  mental  ability  and  power 
of  progression,  your  Memorialists  recommend  : — 

"That  the  head  teacher  of  a  schooler  department 
should  be  held  responsible  for  the  proper  classification 
of  the  scholars  according  to  their  attainments  and 
abilities,  and  that  therefore  perfect  liberty  should  be 
given  to  such  teacher  in  arranging  and  grouping  the 
scholars." 

Your  Memorialists  believe  that  if  this  liberty  were 
granted,  and  a  system  of  examination  by  classes  instead 
of  by  standards  adopted,  an  increase  would  at  once 
take  place  in  the  intelligence  of  the  teaching,  and 
in  the  rate  of  progress  of  the  scholars. 

HI.— The  Merit  Grant. 

Your  Memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  the  Merit 
grant  has  not  only  failed  in  its  purpose,  and  increased 
over-pressure,  but  has  also  created  much  bad  feeling 
among  managers  and  teachers,  has  proved  unfair  in  its 
application,  has  placed  teachers  and  managers  too  much 
in  the  hands  of  the  inspectors,  and  therefore  it  ought  to 
be  abolished,  and  the  fixed  gi'ant  on  average  attendance 
proportionately  increased. 

rV. — The  Use  of  the  Exception  Schedule. 

At  several  conferences  of  the  Union,  the  manner  in 
which  the  Exception  Schedules  are  used  has  been  com- 
plained of,  and  it  has  been  declared  that  "  the  specific 
"  arrangements  made  by  tho  department  to  obviate 
"  over-pressure  have  been  rendered  almost  valueless," 
and  "  nullified  by  the  manner  in  which  the  '  Exception 
"  Schedules '  are  used  and  reported  upon  by  Her 
"  Majesty's  inspectors."  Your  Memorialists,  believ- 
ing that  the  time  and  opportunities  afforded  to  the 
inspectors  are  too  short  and  few  to  enable  them  to  judge 
of  the  merits  of  the  cases  submitted  on  the  Exception 
Schedules,  recommend  that  while  the  present  system 
exists  the  list  of  exceptions  should  be  prepared  by  the 
managers  and  teachers  and  accepted  by  the  inspectors. 
They  would,  however,  prefer  that  it  should  be  possible 
to  present  all  scholars  to  the  inspector  for  examination 
without  detriment  to  the  grant,  or  to  the  professional 
reputation  of  the  teachers. 

V. — School  Inspection. 

The  faults  of  the  system  of  payment  by  results  have 
been  aggravated  by  the  defective  arrangements  for 
thorough,  fair  and  intelligent  inspection.  Your  Memo- 
rialists make  the  following  recommendations  on  this 
subject  :— 

(1.)  That  all  persons  appointed  to  tho  offices  of  Her 
Majesty's  inspector,  sub-inspector,  and  in- 
spector's assistant,  should  possess  a  knowledge 
of  the  theory  and  practice  of  education  and 
have  had  adequate  practical  experience  of 
teaching  in  a  Public  Elementary  School. 
(2.)  That  the  Education  Department  should  secure 
greater  uniformity  in  the  standard  and  method 
of  examination,  rather  than  an  artificial  uni- 
formity of  results  in  the  various  districts. 


APPENDIXES   TO   Vltf/Lt,   UEPORT. 


481 


(3.)  The  object  of  an  examination  should  be  to  ascer- 
tain What  the  children  know,  rather  than  what 
they  do  not  know.  They  should  therefore  be 
examined  on  what  they  have  been  taught,  and 
the  questions  should  not  be  limited  to  a  small 
number  on  some  minute  points  in  the  respec- 
tive subjects. 

(4)  The  work  of  inspection  and  examination  should 
be  more  evenly  distributed  over  the  grades  of 
the  inspectorate,  and  the  staff  of  inspectors 
should  be  strengthened  suflficiently  to  prevent 
the  serious  over-pre&sure  on  sub-inspectors  and 
inspectors'  assistants  which  now  exists. 

The  chief  reasons  for  these  recommendations  are  as 
follows : — 

(a.)  The  appointment  of  persons  as  inspectors  who 
possess  no  knowledge  of  the  art  of  teaching, 
and  are  inexperienced  in  the  work  of  Elemen- 
tary Schools,  has  caused  great  and  unmerited 
injury  to  many  schools,  and  damaged  the 
professional  reputation  of  many  competent 
teachers. 

(jb.)  Your  Memorialists  consider  that  many  of  the 
■  inspectorial  staff,  especially  the  sub-inspectors' 
and  inspectors'  assistants,  are  greatly  over- 
worked. The  faults  of  inspection  due  to  this 
overwork  often  lead  to  unfair  reports  upon 
schools  and  teachers. 

(c.)  The  department  under  the  existing  system  under- 
takes to  examine  too  minutely  into  the  work  of 
each  scholar,  and  although  it  employs  a  large 
staff  of  examiners  is  unable  to  carry  out  the 
work  of  inspection  successfully. 

Yl.— School  Staf. 

Tour  Memorialists  believe  that  the  minimum  staff 
required  by  the  Code  is  insufficient  to  obtain  good 
results  in  any  school,  without  undue  strain  upon  the 
teachers,  the  over-pressure  in  small  schools  being 
greater  than  in  large  schools.  Your  Memorialists 
therefore  recommend : — 

(1.)  That  the  minimum  of  staff  demanded  by  the 
Code,  as  a  condition  of  receiving  grants, 
should  be  raised,  particularly  in  the  case  of 
small  schools.  Small  schools  should  receive  a 
larger  proportion  of  grant  for  this  purpose. 
f2.)  That  a  larger  proportion  of  adult  teachers  should 
be  required,  the  number  of  pupil  teachers 
being  limited  to  two  in  any  school  or  depart- 
ment of  a  school. 

VII. — Siipply  of  Teachers. 

The  oxiating  over-supply  of  teachers  has  in  the 
opinion  of  your  Memorialists  been  brought  about  by 
the  Education  Department  in  two  ways : — 

(a.)  By  sanctioning  the  employment  of  too  many 
pupil  teachers,  many  of  whom  were  quite  unfit 
for  the  work,  and 

(b.)  Admitting  to  the  ranks  of  certificated  teachers  a 
large  number  of  unqualified  persons,  many  of 
whom  had  littlo  previous  experience  of  school 
work. 

Your  Memorialists  make  the  following  recommenda- 
tions : — 

(1.)  That  so  long  as  the  granting  of  the  teacher's 
certificate  is  vested  in  the  Education  Depart- 
ment, and  public  money  is  expended  on  the 
training  of  teachers,  it  is  the  duty  of  the 
Government  to  regulate  the  supply  of  certifi- 
cated teachers  in  such  a  manner  as  will  keep 
up  a  sufficient,  but  not  an  excessive,  staff  of 
well-qualified  teachers  for  Elementary  Schools. 

(2.)  No  person  should  be  admitted  to  the  certificate 
who  has  not  received  a  special  course  of  training 
in  the  theory  and  practice  of  education  equiva- 
lent at  least  to  that  now  given  in  the  training 
colleges,  and  who  hus  not  had  some  previous 
experience  in  an  Elementary  School. 

(3.)  The  granting  of  provisional  certificates  under 
Article  52  of  the  Code  should  be  abolished. 

VIII. — The  Education  and  Training  of  Teachers. 
Your  Memorialists  are  strongly  of  'opinion  that 
the  general  education  of  teachers  for  Elementary 
Schools  should  be  brought  into  closer  connexion  with 
the  intellectual  life  of  the  nation,  while  their  special 
training  in  the  theory  and  practice  of  their  profession 
should  be  obtained  in  special  college  classes.  They 
therefore  make  the  fol'owingsugsrestions  respecting  (a). 


the  instruction  of  pupil  teachers,  and  (6)  the  training 

of  teachers. 

(a.)  Instruction  of  pupil  teachers. 

(I.)  Candidate  pupil  teachers  to  be  admitted  at 
14  years  of  age,  and  to  be  then  able  to  pass 
with  credit  an  examination  equivalent  to  the 
seventh    standard    of    the    existing    Code. 
These  candidates  may  bo  retained  one  year, 
at  the  end  of  which  they  may  become  pupil 
teachers  on  passing  the  prescribed  examina- 
tion and  producing  satisfactory  certificates 
of  physical,  moral,  and  professional  fitness 
for  the  work  of  teaching. 
(2.)  At  the  end  of  the  second  year  from  the  com- 
mencement of  the  candidature,  a  special  re- 
port shall  be  made  on  the  intellectual,  moral, 
physical,  and  professional  character  of  the 
pupil  teachers ;  and  all  who  show  weakness 
in  these  respects  should  bo  excluded. 
(3.)  At  the  end  of  the  fourth  year  all  pupil  teachers 
who    intend    to    follow    the  profession    of 
teaching    should  be  required    to  pass  the 
"  Admission  "■  (Queen's     Scholarship)    ex- 
amination. 
(4.)  It  is  desirable  that  the  curriculum  for  pupil 
teachers  (Schedule  IV.)  should  be  so  modified 
as  to  enable  them  to  pass  at  the  end  of  their 
apprenticeship  an  examination  equivalent  to 
that  of  the  London  matriculation  (males),  or 
the  senior  local  examinations  of  Oxford  and 
Cambridge  (females). 
(5.)  Wherever  practicable  central  classes  should  be 
arranged    for    the    instruction     of    pupil 
teachers. 
(6.)  To     reduce     the     over-pressure    upon     pupil 
teachers,  and  to  afford  them  opportunities 
for  instruction  and  study,  they  should  not 
during  the  first  year  of  their  apprenticeship 
be  allowed  to  teach  on  more  than  five  half- 
days   in  each   week,   and  in  the  last  three 
years  for  more  than  eight  half-days  in  each 
week. 
(7.)  Candidates  and   pupil  teachers   in  their  first 
year  should  not  count  on  ihe  staff  of  the 
school ;  pupil  teachers  in  their  second  and 
third  years  should  count  for  20  scholars,  and 
in  their  fourth  year  for  30  scholars. 
(6.)  The  training  of  teachers. 

(1.)  The  curriculum  of  the  training  colleges  should 
be  so  modified  as  to  secure  greater  attention 
to  the  history,  science,  and  practice  of 
education,  and  to  prepare  the  Queen's 
scholars  for  the  examinations  leading  to  the 
University  degrees. 
(2.)  The  training  of  teachers  should  be  brought 
into  connexion  with  and  under  the  influence 
of  the  Universities,  as  in  Scotland. 
(3.)  That  all  candidates  for  the  teacher's  certifi- 
cate should  be  required  to  pass  in  the 
papers  of  the  first  and  second  year  respec- 
tively, with  an  interval  of  at  least  one  year 
between  them. 
(4.)  The  standard  of  examination  should  be  main- 
tained from  year  to  year. 
(5.)  The  annual  endorsement  of  the  teacher's  certifi- 
cate should  be  abolished,  as  the  practice  has 
operated  unequally  in  different  districts,  and 
has  been  the  cause  of  much  injustice  to 
comiJctent  and  trustworthy  teachers. 
(6.)  The  power  of  granting  professional  certificates 
should  not  be  allowed  to  remain  in  the  hands 
of  a  Government  department,  but  should  be 
vested  in  a  representative  Council  created 
under  the  authority  of  Parliament,  with 
power  to  grant  diplomas  to  teachers,  and  to 
create  and  maintain  a  register  of  qualified 
persons  authorised  to  pursue  the  vocation 
of  teaching. 


IX. — School  Attendance  and  Oompulsion. 

Your  Memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  compulsion  as 
applied  to  school  attendance  has  not  been  generally 
successful,  particularly  in  the  rural  districts.  The 
administration  of  the  law  representing  compulsory 
attendance  at  school  is  uncertain  and  unsatisfaotory,  the 
local  authorities  and  magistrates  being  in  many  cases 
neglectful  of  the  duties  imposed  on  them  by  the  Educa- 
tion Acts,  and  in  some  cases  antagonistic  to  the 
operation  of  the  compulsory  clauses. 


4-82 


ELEMENTARY    EDUCATI(»K    ACTS   COMMISSION 


Your  Memorialists  make  the  following  recommendii- 

tions : —  1    ,         i        • 

(1.)  That  the  law  should  be  so  amended  as  to  -^ive 
fieater  facilities  for  hearing  attendance  cases, 
U)  reduce  the  cost  of  proceedings,  and  to 
simplify  procedure.  Also  that  arrangements 
should,  where  practicable,  be  made  for  hearing 
attendance  cases  in  places  other  than  the 
police  courts. 

(•2.)  That  -while  deprecating  any  half-time  exeniption 
as  injurious  to  education,  your  Memorialists 
think  that  so  long  as  it  is  allowed  a  uniform 
standard  of  half  and  full  time  exempfcicn  should 
be  adopted,  the  st  mdard  for  half  time  being 
the  fourth,  and  for  full-time  exemption  the 
sixth  of  the  existing  Code.  No  half-time 
attendance  should  bo  allowed  under  the  age  of 
12  years,  and  full-time  exemption  should  not 
bo  granted  under  the  age  of  ( 3. 

(o.)  That  no  byelaws  should  be  approved  by  the 
Education  Department  which  permit  of  long 
periods  of  absence  from  school  at  certain  times 
of  the  year.  In  rural  districts  great  hindrances 
to  education  are  caused  by  the  existence  of  such 
byelaws.  . 

(4.)  That  a  more  effective  control  should  be  exorcised 
by  the  Education  Department  over  the  work 
of  local  authorities.  In  order  to  render  this 
possible  the  districts  of  the  inspectors  shonld 
be  reduced  in  size,  or  a  special  body  of  atten- 
dance inspectors  should  be  appointed. 

(5.)  That  Article  13  of  the  Code  should  be  so  amended 
as  to  recognise  the  attendances  of  all  scholars 
under  18  years  of  age. 

X. School  Curriculum  and  Technical  Education. 

Your  Memorialists  regard  the  system   of  standards 
as   no-w   applied  to   all   schools  alike   throughout   the 
country    as    an   unmixed    evil,    nnd    injurious   to   the 
education  of  the  country. 
They  now  recommend : — 

(1.)  That  so  long  as  the  standard  system  is  retained 
in  any  form,  Schedule  I.  of  the  Code  must 
be   considerably  modified,   as   some  of  the 
the    standards   are  badly  graded  and  over- 
weighted   (eg.,    Standard     IV.),    and    the 
sequence   of  requirements   is   in  many   in- 
stances illogical  and  defective. 
(2.)  The   requirements  in  arithmetic  in  technical 
grammar  and  in  spelling  are  too  exacting, 
and  in  many  respects  of  no  practical  value. 
The  minute  testing  of  exact  spelling  at  an 
early  age,  and  in  every  standard,  has  a  bad 
effect   on  the  general  work  of  Elementary 
Schools,  while  the  technical  and  often  arbi- 
trary character  of  the  gi-ammar  examinations 
has  wasted  much  time  that  would  have  been 
better  spent  if  it  had  been  devoted  to  wider 
reading. 
(3.)  A  rational  programme  of  instruction  should  be 
prepared,    including  all    that    should   form 
part    of   the    course    of  instruction    in    an 
Elementary  School,  and  arranged  on  educa- 
tional principles.     Every  school  should   be 
permitted    to   take    that    part   of   the   pro- 
gramme suited  to  its  circumstances  and  the 
mental  condition  of  its  scholars,  and  should 
be  examined  by  classes  on  the   work  of  the 
year.     The  managers  and  teachers  should  be 
allowed    to   adapt    the   programme    to  the 
school. 
(4.)  Technical  instruction  properly  so  called  should 
find  no  place  in  an  Elementary  School,  but 
the    "programme    of   instruction"   should 
provide   for  the  teaching  of  those  subjects 
which   load   up   to   and   form   the    basis   of 
technical     training.      Under    the     existing 
system  no    addition    can  be   made   to  the 
ciirriculum    without    increasing    the    over- 
pressure which  now  exists. 
(5.)  Your    Memorialists      cordially    approve     the 
proposal  to  create  evening  classes  and   con- 
tinuation schools  in  which  technical  instruc- 
tion may  be  given. 

XI. — The  Management  of  Schools. 
Your  Memorialistt  are  of  opinion  that  all  schools  in 
the  receipt  of  Pailiamentary  grants  should  be   under 
iBipon-ible  management,  and  should  not  in  any  case 


bo  left  to  the  management  of  a  single  individual.    They 

recommend, — 

(1.)  Every  school  receiving  public  money  should  be 
under  the  management  of  a  responsible  body  of 
managers  of  not  less  than  five  persons,  and  the 
business  of  this  body  of  managers  should  be 
conducted  in  accordance  with  a  schedule  of 
regulations  to  be  appended  to  the  Education 
Acts. 
(2.)  For  the  better  management  of  schools  under  small 
school  boards  it  should  be  possible  to  induce 
educated  persons  of  better  position  to  ofier 
themselves  as  candidates  at  School  Board 
elections.  The  enlargement  of  the  School 
Board  districts  would  probably  lead  to  this 
result. 
(3.)  The  accounts  of  all  schools  in  receipt  of  the 
Parliamentary  grant  should  be  examined 
annually,  and  reported  upon  by  a  public 
auditor. 

XII. — The  Superannuation  of  Teachers. 

Your  Memorialists  believe  that  the  establishment  of 
a  general  fund  for  the  superannuation  of  teachers  is  a 
necessity,  and  should,  in  the  interests  of  education,  be 
at  once  formed  under  the  authority  of  an  Act  of  Parlia- 
ment. Many  of  the  older  teachers  are  at  the  present 
moment  in  a  state  of  distress,  which  is  discreditable  to 
the  country  they  have  served,  and  many  managers  feel 
compelled  to  retain  the  services  of  some  teachers,  who 
ought  in  the  interests  of  efficiency  to  be  replaced  by 
younger  and  more  vigorous  persons.  The  establish- 
ment of  a  superannuation  fund  would  be  a  distinct 
educational  gain  to  the  country. 

Your  Memorialists  further  think  that  the  claims  of 
the  teachers  who  entered  upon  service  in  Elementary 
Schools  before  1862  should  be  more  fully  met.  They 
therefore  recommend : — 

(1.)  That  a  General  Superannuation  Fund  be  formed, 
under  the  authority  of  an  Act  of  Parliament, 
for  the  benefit  of  teachers  in  Public  Elementary 
Schools,  the  solvency  of  the  fund  to  be  gua- 
ranteed by  the  Act,  and  the  necessary  means  to 
be  provided  from  the  following  sources : — 
(a.)  A  subsidy  from  the  Imperial  Exchequer 

(State  contributions). 
ib.)  Contributions    from    every    certificated 
teacher      employed     in     Elementary 
Schools  (teachers'  contributions), 
(c.)  A  per-centage  deduction  from  all  grants 
to     Elementary    Schools    (managers' 
contributions). 
(2.)  In  the  event  of  a  General  Superannuation  Fund 
being    established    the    teachers    should     be 
represented  on  the  management  in  proportion 
to  the  amount  of  their  contributions. 
(3.)  That  as  the  existing  conditions  of  Article  134  of 
the  Code  do  not  fulfil  the  promises  made  to  the 
teachers  who  entered  the  service  before  1862, 
and  the   department  are   adversely   straining 
the  interpretation  of  this  article,  it  is  desirable 
in  the  interests  of  justice  and  of  education  that 
all   restriction  on   the    granting   of   pensions, 
which  were  not  in  force  when  the  promises  of 
pensions  were  made,  should  be  abolished. 
(4..)  That    those    teachers    who    entered    as   "  pupil 
teachers  "  while  the  old  pension  minutes  were 
in    force   (1846-1862)   should  bo   admitted   to 
the   benefit   of    those    minutes   on   the    same 
conditions  as   those  who  became   "teachers" 
during  that  period. 

XIII. — Tenure  of  Office— Capricious  Dismissals. 

Your  Memorialists  think  that  a  reasonable  security 
of  tenure  shoald  be  allowed  to  teachers  in  Public 
Elementary  Sci.ools  Without  asking  for  any  "  fixity" 
of  tenure,  they  think  thnt  a  teacher^  who  is  of  good 
moral  character,  and  is  performing  his  duties  satis- 
factorily, should  not  be  dismissed  at  the  instance  of  a 
single  manager,  or  because  he  declines  to  under- 
take duties  not  connected  with  his  school.  Your 
Memorialists  ai-e  constantly  receiving  statements  show- 
ing that  this  course  is  adopted;  and  they  therefore 
recommend : — 

That  the  following  words  be  added  to  Article  86  of 
the  Code,  "  and  appointments  thus  recognised  may 
"  not  be  cancelled  without  the  consent  of  the 
"  Education  Department." 

As  a  reason  for  this  recommendation,  your  Memo- 
rialists urge  that,  as  the  approval  of  the  department  is 


APPENDIXES    TO   FJlxAL   IIBPOKT. 


483 


necessary  for  the  recognition  of  the  ftppointmont  of  a 
teacher  in  a  Public  jfilemontary  School,  no  such  teacher 
should  not  be  lightly  removed  without  its  consent. 

'SIV.—Half.Tvme  Schools. 

Yonr  Memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  even  during 
the  existence  of  the  half-time  system,  the  mixture  of 
the  half-time  scholars  with  those  who  attend  full  time, 
is  a  great  hindrance  to  the  proper  education  of  larne 
numbers  of  children  in  the  countrj- ;  and,  as  already 
stated  in  a  previous  section  of  the  memorial,  they 
would  bo  glad  to  see  no  half  time  permitted  until  the 
age  of  12  years  has  been  reached,  and  that  the  half 
times  should  be  instructed  in  separate  schools.  Prom 
information  collected  in  the  half-time  districts,  your 
Memorialists  haye  come  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
application  of  the  same  standards  of  examination 
to  full-time  and  half-time  scholars  alike  is  detrimental 
to  the  education  of  both  classes  of  scholars,  and,  in 
particular,  is  injurious  to  the  physical  and  mental 
development  of  the  half-time  scholars.  They  recom- 
mend:— 

(1.)  That  so  long  as  the  half-time  system  is  allowed 
to  exist,  classes  containing  50  per  cent,  of 
half-timers  should  be  considered  as  half-time 
classes,  and  have  the  benefit  of  paragraph  22 
of  the  Instructions  to  Inspectoi's,  1886,  extended 
to  them. 
(2.)  That  greater  leniency  should  be  shown  in  the 

examination  of  half-time  scholars. 
(3.)  That   in   half-time   schools   two    reading    books 
should  be  sufficient  above  Standard  II.,  and 
composition   should    not   be    required    below 
Standard  VI. 
(4.)  That  in  awarding  the  Merit  grant  in  half-time 
schools  due  consideration  should  be  shown  to 
the  special  difficulties  and  conditions  of  such 
schools. 
(6.)  That  the  Acts  relating  to  half-time  labour  and 
the  Education  Acts   should   be   brought   into 
harmony  with  each  other. 

XV. — Rural  Schooh. 

Many  of  the  observations  and  some  of  the  recom- 
mendations made  in  former  sections  of  this  memorial 
have  special  reference  to  rural  and  small  schools. 
Your  Memorialists  desire,  however,  to  point  out  in  the 
clearest  possible  manner  the  special  difficulties  which 
arc  experienced  in  rural  districts  in  reference  to 
elementary  education.  Small  schools  containing  most 
of  the  standards,  and  generally  an  infant  class  in 
addition,  cost  proportionately  more  than  larger  schools 
for  efficient  teaching.  On  this  ground  your  Memorialists 
think  that  more  liberal  assistance  by  increased  payment 
on  the  average  attendance  should  be  given  to  small 
schools  in  rural  districts  than  to  the  average  schools 
throughout  the  country.  It  has  also  been  found 
difficult  to  apply  to  these  schools  the  same  Code  and 
r.tandard  of  examination  which  are  properly  applied  in 
the  larger  and  more  highly  organised  town  schools. 
It  is  not  desired  that  any  inferior  education  should  bo 
given  in  rui-al  schools,  but  that  special  encouragement 
should  be  given  to  the  managers  and  teachers  to  enable 
them  to  do  their  best  in  bringing  the  scholars  up  to  a 
fair  standard  of  efficiency.  One  of  the  difficulties  most 
complained  of  in  the  agricultural  districts  of  the 
country  is  the  almost  absolute  failure  of  compulsion 
owing  to  the  fact  that  the  authorities,  whose  duty  it  is 
to  enforce  compulsion,  are  found  to  be  the  persons  who 
gain  most  by  its  non-enforcement.  It  is  generally 
alleged  that  the  attendance  is  now  worse  than  before 
the  passing  of  the  Education  Act.  This  we  interpret 
to  mean  not  that  there  may  not  be  a  large  proportion 
of  the  population  brought  under  some  educational 
infVuence,  but  that  the  attendances  per  scholar  are  less 
than  formerly.  Whether  this  be  the  case  or  not  it  is 
found  under  the  existing  conditions  of  school  attend- 
ance well  nigh  imjwssible  co  obtain  satisfactory  results 
at  the  annual  examination  in  a  very  large  number  of 
the  schools,  and  your  Memorialists  earnestly  hope  that 
the  Commission  may  sec  its  way  to  make  some  recom- 
mendations  to  Parliament  for  improving  the  conditions 
of  education  in  rural  districts. 

X\l.—WeUh  SclhooU. 

In  a  large  part  of  Wales  the  English  language  is 
practically  a  foreign  tongue  to  the  children  attending 


Elementary  Schools,  and  the  utmost  difficulties  are 
experienced  by  the  teachers  in  satisfying  thu  require- 
ments of  the  Code.  It  ia  true  that  good  per-centages 
have  been  obtained  in  examinations,  in  nearly  every 
part  of  Wales.  Tour  Memorialists  consider  that  this 
fact  is  due  to  the  extraordinary  efforts  made  by  the 
teachers,  efforts  which  they  should  not  be  called  upon 
to  make,  and  which  in  the  interests  of  the  scholars 
should  not  be  made.  Your  Memorialists  are  informed 
that  in  order  to  pass  the  examinations  a  complete 
system  of  cram  has  to  be  adopted,  and  that  mnch  of 
the  "fluent  reading"  found  in  Welsh  Bohools  is  mere 
memory  work,  the  result  of  constant  repetition  without 
any  real  education  or  permanent  effect.  Welsh  teachers 
complain  that  in  endeavouring  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  Code  they  cannot  use  really  educational 
methods  as  they  would  desire,  as  such  a  course  would, 
under  the  present  system  of  examination,  reduce  their 
schools  to  a  state  of  financial  difficulty.  Your  Memo- 
riaiists  therefore  recommend : — 

(1.)  That  one  reading  book  in  Standards  I.  and  II. 
and  two  reading  books  above  Standard  II. 
should  be  the  maximum  requirement  for  a 
school  in  a  Welsh-speaking  district. 

(2.)  That  English  composition  should  not  bo  required 
as  part  of  the  test  in  writing  below  Standard  V. 

(3.)  That  the  problems  in  arithmetic  should  bo  such 
as  fairly  come  within  the  understanding  of  the 
scholars,  and  should  be  so  worded  as  to  present 
no  special  difficulties  of  language  to  Welsh 
children. 

(4.)  That  in  Welsh  schools  the  Merit  grant  should  be 
awarded  with  due  consideration  for  special 
circumstances  and  difficulties. 


XVII. — Religious  and  Moral  Training. 

Yonr  Memorialists  regard  religious  instruction  and 
moral  training  as  of  paramount  importance,  as  upon 
them  depend  the  formation  of  character  and  the 
development  of  the  moral  nature.  At  the  present  time, 
the  pressure  created  by  the  existing  system  of  examina- 
tions and  grants,  prevents  many  teachers  from  doing 
all  they  desire  to  do  in  this  important  part  of  the 
education  of  the  scholars.  The  good  results  achieved 
in  the  jiast  are  due  to  the  special  efforts  of  the  teachers, 
and  have  been  obtained,  in  spite  of  the  adverse 
influence  of  the  system  of  payment  by  results.  Yonr 
Memorialists  desire  further  to  point  out  that  tho 
attempt  to  gauge  the  results  of  religions  and  moral 
teaching  by  means  of  special  examinations  must 
necessarily  fail.  Tho  character  of  these  examinations 
has  tended  to  raise  a  mere  book  knowledge  of  Holy 
Scripture,  above  that  heart  knowledge  which  alone  can 
influence  the  character,  and  leaves  its  impress  upon 
the  future  lives  of  the  scholars  attending  Public 
Elementary  Schools.  It  should  also  be  noted  that  tho 
preparation  rendered  necessary  by  the  special  religious 
examinations,  has,  within  the  knowledge  of  your 
Memorialists,  added  considerably  to  the  amount  of  over- 
pressure in  both  board  and  voluntary  schools. 


XVIII. — Gonchmon. 

In  conclusion,  your  Memorialists  desire  to  point  out 
that  the  present  range  of  the  curriculum  is  not  too 
wide,  if  a  reasonable  method  of  examination  and  a 
rational  plan  of  awarding  the  Government  grant  were 
adopted.  But  under  existing  conditions  it  is  almost 
impossible  to  teach  well  all  the  subjects  which  it  ia 
desirable  scholars  should  learn.  At  the  same  time,  it 
would  be  possible  to  advantageously  modify  the 
curriculum  by  reducing  tho  literary  and  strengthening 
the  scientific  requirements.  If  a  more  reasonable 
system  of  examination  were  introduced,  if  complete 
liberty  of  classification  were  given  to  the  teacher,  and 
if  the  use  of  the  most  intelligent  methods  of  teaching 
were  encouraged,  it  would  be  quite  possible  to  extend 
the  range  of  instruction  without  detriment  to  the 
thoroughness  of  work  in  the  fundamental  subjects. 

Yonr  Memorialists,  recognising  the  imporfcvnt 
induciicc  which  the  decisions  of  tho  Commission  must 
have  upon  elementary  education  for  a  long  time  to 
come,  earnestly  hope  that  your  rocommendatioun  wili 
tend  to  remove  the  difficulties  now  felt  by  teachers. 


n     55387. 


3  Q 


484 


KLEMENTARY   EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION: 


and  restore  that  enthnsiasm  which  was  a  distinguishing 

intiSrk  of  the  teaching  body  before  1862. 

"■V-  1"'"'- '  Signed  on  behalf  of,  and  by  order  of, 

^  vl!fi>i         .     ^jjg   Execntive   Committee    of    the 

National      Union     of     Elementary 

Teachers. 

Geoege  Girling, 

President. 
30,  Fleet  Street,  London,  E.G. 
December  17.  1887. 


OLXXTT. 

Resolution  passed  nnanimously  at  a  Meeting  of  the 
Essex  Association  of  Chuboh  School  Managers 
and  Teachers  held  at  CHELMsroRD  on  Saturday, 
October  22nd,  1887,  the  Venerable  Archdeacon 
Johnson  being  in  the  Chair. 

That  this  meeting,  having  considered  the  sugges- 
tions made  to  the  Boyal  Education  Commission  in  July 
1886  by  the  Reverend  Canon  Cromwell,  for  amending  the 
system  of  examining  schools,  and  of  awarding  grants  to 
them,  hereby  resolves  to  support  the  said  suggestions, 
and  earnestly  to  comnaend  them  to  the  favourable 
consideration  of  the  Royal  Commissioners  on  Education, 
and  also  to  the  Lord  President  of  the  Education 
Department. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  sixty  School 
Managers  and  Teachers  present  at 
the  meeting, 

H.  Feank  Johnson, 

Chairman. 
October  22, 1887. 


...•.».>-,'Y 


GLXXIII. 


Mehobial  from  the  General  Committee  of  the 
Primitive  Methodist  Connexion,  representing  one 
thousand  and  thirty-eight  Ministers ;  one  hundred 
and  ninety-one  thousand  six  hundred  and  sixty-two 
Church  Members  ;  sixty  thousand  six  hundred  and 
seventy-one  Sabbath  School  Teachers,  having  under 
their  care  four  hundred  and  ten  thousand  nine 
hundred  and  fifty  Scholars ;  and  over  half  a  million 
Hearers,  to  the  Lords  and  Gentlemen  composing 
the  Royal  Commission  on  Education. 

Mt  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

We,  the  members  of  the  above  Committee,  in 
official  meeting  assembled,  respectfully  memorialize 
yqp,  the  members  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  Educa- 
tion, as  follows : 

Your  Memorialists  earnestly  urge  upon  yon  that,  in 
making  your  ReiK)rt  to  the  Parliament,  you  will  keep 
clearly  before  your  minds  the  profound  and  just  objec- 
tion felt  by  vast  numbers  of  the  ratepayers  of  this 
country  against  any  portion  of  the  funds  raised  by 
authority  of  the  rates  for  National  Education  being 
applied  to  any  school  which  is  under  denominational 
management,  or  in  which  the  instruction  is  in  any 
measure  based  upon  secretarian  forms  of  religious 
dogma. 

Also,  your  Memorialists  urgently  hope  that  should 
your  Commission  recommend  to  Parliament  any  changes 
in  the  legislation  now  obtaining  on  educational  matters, 
such  changes  will  be  clearly  in  the  direction  of  a  system 
more  absolutely  national  and  undenominational. 
On  behalf  of  the  Committee, 
Tour  obedient  servants, 

John  Atkinson,  President, 
Thomas  GuiiERYi  Secretaiy. 

London,  February  10,  1888. 


OLXXIV. 

To  the  Right  Honourable  Viscount  Cross,  G.C.B., 
Chairman  of  the  Rotax  Commission  on  the  Elemen- 
tary Education  Acts. 

The  humble  Memorial  of  the  School  Board  for 
the  Borough  of  Macclesfield,  in  the  Countt  of 
Chester. 

Respectfully  Sheweth: — 

L  That  this  Board  is  of  opinion,  after  10  years' 
experience,  that  section  10  of  the  ElemenUiy  Education 
Act,  1876,  requiring  non-pauper  parsnts,  in  seasons  of 


temporary  indigence,  to  apply  to  the  Poor  Law  Guar- 
dians for  school  fees  is  undesirable  ;  it  crushes  self- 
respect,  and  by  familiarising  with,  it  facilitates  the 
passage  to,  general  pauperism. 

2.  That,  whilst  a  stigma  is  placed  on  parents  brought 
by  the  operation  of  the  law  into  pauperising  associa- 
tions, the  attendance  of  their  children  is  practically 
discouraged. 

3.  That  inasmuch  as  School  Boards  arc  empowered 
to  remit  fees  in  their  own  schools  under  section  17  of 
the  Elementary  Education  Act,  1870,  your  Memorialists 
suggest  that  the  same  judgment  and  economy  which 
enables  them  to  decide  in  such  cases  of  remission  in 
their  own  schools  would  enable  them  to  decide  in  the 
analogous  cases  of  payment  in  other  schools  within 
their  jiirisdiction. 

4.  That  your  Memorialists  desire  to  urge  a  change  in 
the  law  by  which  the  power  to  pay  the  school  fees  of 
children  of  poor  parents  who  are  not  paupers  shall  be 
transferred  from  Poor  Law  Guardians  to  the  Local 
Educational  Authorities. 

And  your  Memorialists  will  ever  pray,  &c. 
B.  C.  Turner, 

Chairman. 
Peteb  J.  Eaton, 

Vioe-Chairmau. 
Philmer  Eves, 
Clerk. 


OLXXV. 

To  the  Honourable  the  Commissioners  appointed  to 
inquire  into  the  working  of  the  Elementary  Edu- 
cation Acts  in  England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Vestry  of  the  Parish  or  Saint 
Luke,  Middlesex,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex. 

Shewbth  : — 

'I"hat  your  Memorialists  are  the  Local  Authority 
constituted  under  the  Metropolis  Local  Management 
Acts  for  the  said  parish,  comprising  a  population  of 
about  50,000,  and  a  rateable  value  of  about  300,OOOL 

That  your  Memorialists  have  on  several  occasions  bad 
under  consideration  the  subject  of  the  expenses  attend- 
ing the  election  of  Members  of  the  School  Board  for 
London,  and  that  your  Memorialists  find  that  at 
the  last  election  in  November  1885,  such  expenses 
amounted  to  the  sum  of  10,465Z.  17«.  Id. ,  to  which  your 
Memorialists  contributed  the  sum  of  1011.  7s.  lid. 

That  your  Memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  many  of 
the  charges  included  in  the  account  in  question  and 
the  total  cost  of  the  election  are  excessive. 

That  your  Memorialists  learn  that  the  Education 
Department  on  the  17th  June  1886  laid  down  a  certain 
scale  of  charges  to  be  adopted  at  School  Board  elections, 
and  that  although  the  expenses  will  bo  reduced  they 
will  still  be  in  excess  of  what  is  fair  and  reasonable. 

That  your  Memorialists  are  informed  that  amongst 
the  questions  to  be  considered  by  your  Honourable 
Commission  are  : — - 

(a.)  Should  the  present  system  of  election  of  members 

of  School  Boards  be  maintained  ? 
(6.)  How   can    the    expense    of   these   elections    be 

curtailed  P 
Your  Memorialists  respectfully  suggest : — 

(a.)  That  the  most  convenient  area  for  School 
Board  electoral  pm-poses  in  the  Metropolis 
would  be  the  Parliamentary  Divisions  as 
settled  by  the  Redistribution  of  Seats  Act, 
1885,  with  one  Member  for  each  Division. 
(6.)  That  the  cumulative  system  of  voting  at  School 

Board  elections  should  be  abolished, 
(c.)  That  casual  vacancies  occurring  on  the  School 
Board  should  be  filled  by  the  ratepayers, 
and  not  as  at  present  by  the  members  of  the 
Board, 
(d.)  That  a  Returning  Officer  should  be  appointed 
for  each  School  Board  Division,  and  that  the 
office  of  Returning  Officer  for  the  whole  of 
the  Metropolis  should  be  abolished, 
(e.)  That  the  Returning  Officers  should  be  nominated 

by  the  Education  Department. 
(/.)  That  all  expenditure  for  School  Board  election 
purposes  paid  for  out  of  the  rates  should  be 
subject  to  taxation. 
(g.)  That  the  fees  paid  to  the  Returning  Officers 
should  be  greatly  reduced,  and  that  the  total 
cost  of  carrying  out  an  election  of  members 
of  the  School  Board   in  the   suggested  in- 


APPENDIXES   TO  ;FIJ«/\L    REPOUT. 


485 


creased  number  of  constituencies  should  not 
exceed   the   total   cost   of  carrying   out  an 
election  in  the  existing  constituencies  apon 
the  revised  scale  laid  down  by  the  Education 
Department. 
Tour  Memorialists  therefore  humbly  pray, 
That  your  Honourable  Commission  will  upon  con- 
sideration be  pleased  to  recommend  that  the  necessary 
steps  should  be  taken  for  making  the  Parliamentary 
Divisions  of  the  Metropolis  the  electoral  districts  for 
School  Board  purposes  -with    one   Member  for    each 
Division,  for  discontinuing  the  cumulative  system  of 
voting;  for   the    election   of    Members    to    fill   casual 
vacancies  amongst  the  Members  of  the   School  Board 
for  London  by  the  ratepayers  ;  and  for  eftccting  the 
alterations  herein-before  suggested  in  the  mode  of  con- 
ducting School  Board  elections  and  in  defraying  the 
costs  thereof. 

And  your  Memorialists  will  ever  pray,  Ac. 

The  Seal  of  the  Vestry  of  the 
Parish  of  St.  Luke,  Middlesex, 
in  the  County  of  Middlesex, 
affixed  by  order  in  the  presence 
of 

Geo.  Preston, 

Clerk  to  the  said  Vestry. 


CLXXVI. 

To  the  Bight  Honourable  Vtscount  Ckoss,  G.C.B.^ 
Chairman  of  the  Rotai,  Commission  on  the  Elemen- 
tary Education  Acts. 

The  humble  Memorial  of  the  Staltbmdgb  School 
Board. 

Respectfully  Sheweth  : — 

That  your  Memorialists  desire  to  represent  their 
views  in  favour  of  placing  in  the  hands  of  Local  School 
Authorities  the  duty  of  paying  school  fees  for  necessitous 
but  non-pauper  children. 

That  the  law  by  which  parents  of  scholars  attending 
schools  other  than  Board  Schools  are  obliged  in  case  of 
poverty  to  apply  to  the  Guardians  of  the  Poor  in  order 
to  secure  remission  of  the  school  fees  acts  as  a  hindrance 
to  education.  That  a  stignii  is  placed  on  parents 
brought  by  the  operation  of  the  law  into  pauperising 
associations,  and  the  attendance  of  their  children  at 
school  is  practically  discouraged. 

That  the  remission  of  school  fees  being  an  educational 
question  should  be  dealt  with  by  the  Local  Educational 
Authority. 

And  your  Memorialists  will  ever  pray. 

Given  under  the  Common  Seal  of  the 
Stalybridge  School  Board,  and 
signed  by  the  Chairman  and  Vicc- 
Chairman  of  the  said  Board  (in 
pursuance  of  a  resolution  duly 
passed  at  an  Ordinary  Meeting  of 
the  said  Board)  this  eleventh  day 
of  November  in  the  year  One 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  eighty- 
seven. 

John  Canon  Carroll, 

Chairman. 
John  Jackson, 

Vice-Chairman. 

R.    E.   J.    KiNKEAD, 

Clerk. 


CLXXVII. 

To  the  Right  Honourable  Viscount  Cross,  O.C.B., 
Chairman  of  the  Royal  Commission  on  the  Elemen- 
tary Education  Acts. 

The  Memorial  of  the  School  Boards  and  School 
Attendance  Committees  within  the  Parliamen- 
tary Borough  of  Oldham,  in  the  County  of 
Las  caster. 

Respectfully  Sheweth  : — 

That  your  Memorialists  desire  to  represent  their 
views  in  favour  of  transferring  from  the  Poor  Law 
Guardians  to  Local  Educational  Authorities  the  statu- 
tory duty  of  paying  the  school  fees  for  necessitous 
but  non-pauper  children. 


That  as  the  law  at  present  stands  the  duty  of  enforcing 
attendance  at  Public  Elementary  Schools  is  placed  on 
School  Boards  and  School  Attendance  Oommifctees, 
whilst  that  of  paying  the  fees  for  children  of  indigent 
parents  is  laid  upon  the  Local  Guardians  of  the  Poor, 
which  causes  a  conflict  of  jurisdiction. 

That  the  system  in  vogue  in  this  district,  by  whinh 
parents  have  to  make  personal  application  for  school 
fees  to  the  Relieving  Officer,  at  the  Union  "Workhouse, 
often  at  very  inconvenient  hours,  and  further  required 
to  attend  a  second  time  to  receive  the  orders  for  fees, 
or  otherwise,  is  repugnant  to  the  feelings  of  the  poor 
but  respectable  portion  of  the  people,  and  tends  to  the 
spread  of  pauperism  by  familiarising  both  parents  and 
children  with  the  mode  of  obtaining  parochial  relief'. 

That  in  con  sequence  of  these  difficulties  some  parents 
delay,  and  others  refuse,  to  apply  to  the  Guardians, 
and  in  the  meantime  their  children  do  not  attend 
school,  thereby  causing  undesirable  prosecutions  before 
the  magistrates,  which  tends  to  bring  odium  on  the 
Education  Acts  and  those  who  administer  them. 

Tour  Memorialists  respectfully  submit  for  your 
serious  consideration  these  hindrances  to  Public 
Elemcntiry  Education,  and  ask  that  you  will  be  pleased 
to  recommend  such  an  alteration  in  the  law  as  shall  i)lace 
absolutely  in  the  hands  of  Educational  Authorities  the 
power  and  duty  of  paying  school  fees  for  the  children 
of  non-pauper  parents. 

And  your  Memorialists  will  ever  pray,  &c.,  &c. 

(Signed)  _  James  P.  Rowntree,  M.A., 
Chairman  of  a  Conference  of  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  Schools  Board  for 
Oldham  and  Royton,  and  the  School 
Attendance  Committees  for  Chad- 
derton,  Crompton,  and  the  Guardians 
of  Ashton-under-Lyne  Union,  held 
at  Oldham  this  first  day  of  December 
1887. 


Sir, 


OLXXVIII. 

Sheffield  Teachers'  Guild, 

30,  Oakholme  Road, 
Sheffield, 
November  29,  1887. 
I  AM  directed  to  ask  you  to  draw  the  attention 
of  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  to  the  following 
statement : — 

Meetings  have  lately  been  held  in  connexion  with 
the  Sheffield  Branch  of  the  Teachers'  Guild  of  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland,  for  the  deliberate  consideration 
of  the  subject  of  payment  by  results  in  Public  Elemen- 
tary Schools. 

•The  meetings  have  been  presided  over  by  Sir  Henry 
Stephenson,  President  of  the  Local  Guild,  and  have 
been  attended  by  the  Principal  and  other  Professors  of 
Firth  College,  the"  Chairman,  Vice-Chairman,  and 
other  members  of  the  School  Board,  the  Head-masters 
of  the  Sheffield  and  Rotherham  Grammar  Schools,  the 
Head-master  of  Wesley  College  Proprietary  School,  the 
Head-mistress  of  the  Sheffield  High  School  for  Girls  ; 
many  other  educationists  and  teachers  of  all  grades, 
together  with  school-managers  and  members  of  the 
general  public. 

The      following     resolutions      were     nnanimonsly 


1.  "  That  the  system  of  assessing  grants  to  Public 
Elementary  Schools,  based  on  per-centage  of  passes, 
and  commonly  known  as  "payment  by  results,"  is 
wrong  in  principle,  unjust  in  practice,  and  evil  in 
eS'ect,  and  is  in  need  of  speedy  reform." 

Proposed  by  Professor  Hicks,  P.R.S.,  Principal  of 
Firth  College. 

Seconded  by  Dr.  Shera,  Head-master  of  Wesley 
College. 

2.  "  That  the  fixed  share  of  the  maximum  grant 
obtainable  by  Public  Elementary  Schools  should  be 
enlarged  to  at  least  three-fourths  of  the  whole." 

Proposed  by  the  Reverend  J.  Gilmore,  Chairman  of 
the  School  Board. 

Seconded  by  the  Reverend  B.  Senior,  Head-master 
of  the  Sheffield  Grammar  SchooL 

I  am,  Sir, 

Yours  faithfully, 

C.  A.  Deni'on, 
The  Secretary,  Co-Secretary. 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


3Q  2 


486 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  ; 


OLXXIX. 

School  Boabd  op  Glasgow.      Bepokt   on   Centeal 
Classes  for  Pupil  Teachers. 

The  central  system  of  training  pupil  teachers  was,  for 
aperiod  of  several  years,  under  the  consideration  of  tbo 
Glasgow  Board  before  it  was  adopted.  Head  masters 
under  the  board  were  consulted,  and  an  overwhelming 
majority  of  them  were  in  favour  of  the  change.  The 
plan  adopted  was  that  the  pupil  teachers  should  meet 
m  central  premises  on  two  or  three  evenings  of  the 
week,  and  receive  instruction  from  experts  in  the 
Tarious    branches    carefully    selected.      The    staff    at 


present  consists  of  17  masters,  12  mistresses,  and 
1  teacher  of  elocution.  Instruction  in  religious  know, 
lodge  and  in  school  management  is  still  entrusted  to 
the  head  masters  of  the  schools,  who  are  exjjected  to 
give  regular  lessons  on  these  subject.s.  The  system  has 
now  been  in  operation  for  three  years,  and  the  following 
comparisons  have  been  made  : — (1)  Between  the  ])Osition 
of  the  Glasgow  pupil  teachers,  at  the  Admission 
Examination  into  Training  Colleges,  and  that  of  other 
pupil  teachers  throughout  Scotland  ;  (2)  The  position 
of  the  Glasgow  pupil  teachers,  in  the  examinations 
before  Her  Majesty's  Inspector,  Dr.  Kerr,  compared 
with  that  of  other  pupil  teachers  in  his  district. 


Malbs. 

Fbu 

ALES. 

1884. 

1888. 

1888. 

Total. 

18S4. 

1886. 

1886. 

Total. 

Glasgow  Board 
Pupil  Teachers. 

Number  examined  - 

„       passed    1  st 

class     - 

„       admitted   - 

„       failed 

16 

7  or  44  7„ 
13  „  81  7„ 

20 

11  or  55  7„ 
16  „  80  7„ 

1   ..     5  7c 

IS 

11  or  61  7„ 
15  „  83  7,, 

54 

29  or  54  7„ 
44  „  81  7„ 

1  »    2  7„ 

62 

29  or  47  °/„ 

31  „  50  7„ 

2  .>     3  7o 

44 

17  or  39  7„ 

27  „  61  7„ 

2.,     *°U 

49 

18  or  37  7„ 

28  „  57 "U 

5  „  10  7„ 

155 

64  or  41  7„ 

86  „  55  7„ 

9  ,.     6  % 

Otbek       Pupil 
Teachbrs  in  Scot- 
LAin>. 

Number  examined  - 
„       passed    1 st 

class 
„       admitted    - 
„        failed 

230 

68  or  29  7„ 

128  „  56  7,, 

46  .,  20  7„ 

202 

70  or  35  7„ 

135  „  67  7„ 

23  „  117c 

190 

75  or  39  7„ 

134  „  70  7o 

15  „     8  7„ 

622 

213  or  34  7„ 

397  „  64  7„ 

84  „  13  7„ 

416 

143  or  34  °/„ 

216  „  52  7, 

52  „  12  7„ 

398 

126  or  22  7„ 

227  „  57  7, 
49  „   12  7„ 

470 

149  or  32  7„ 

226  „  48  7„ 
38  „     8  7„ 

1,284 

418  or  32  7„ 
6G9  „  52  7„ 
139  „   11  7„ 

It  will  be  observed  from  the  above  table  that,  in 
every  one  of  the  tests  inferring  superiority,  the 
advantage  is  in  favour  of  the  pupil  teachers  trained  in 
the  Glasgow  Schools.  No  other  Board  in  Scotland  has, 
for  the  same  period,  been  carrying  on  daises  of  a 
similar  nature  With  reference  to  the  number  and 
per-centage  admitted,  it  is  necessary  to  explain  that, 
in  Scotland  as  in  England,  especially  in  the  .jase  of 
young  women,  there  are  more  qualified  candidates  for 
admission  than  there  are  vacancies.  As  a  rule,  the 
Training  Colleges  select  those  who  stand  highest ;  so 


that  the  per-centage  of  number  admitted  is  evidence  of 
the  position  in  the  pass  list.  It"will  be  observed  that, 
for  the  three  years,  tbe  Glasgow  pupil  teachers  are  only 
once  below  those  outside,  and  that  merely  by  2  per 
cent. 

The  figures  in  the  following  table  are  taken  from  the 
published  Reports  of  the  School  Board  of  Glasgow,  and 
from  the  Reports  of  Her  Majesty's  Inspector,  Dr.  Kerr, 
to  the  Scotch  Education  Department,  and  as  published 
by  them  in  their  Report  for  the  year  1885-86,  see 
page  197,  and  in  that  for  1886-87,  see  page  192. 


1S8S. 

1886. 

District  of  H.M.  In 

speotor,  Dr.  Kerr. 

No.  Kxamined. 

Passed  Well. 

Passed  Fairly. 

FftikU. 

No.  Examined. 

Passed  Well. 

Paused  Fairly. 

Failed. 

Total   No  of  pupil 
teachers  examined 

1,484   ' 

_ 

1,584 

1 

Total  No.  of  Glas- 

gow Board  pupil 
teachers  - 

31C 

198  or  63  "j^ 

118  or  37  7„ 

_ 

332 

244  or  73  7„ 

88  or  26  7„ 

._ 

Total  No.  of  other 

pupil  teachers  in 
Dr.  Kerr's  district 

(exclusive  of  Glas- 
gow Board  P.  Ts.) 

1,168 

490  „  42  7„ 

584  „  50  7„ 

94  or  8  7„ 

1,252 

558   „  44  7, 

606  „  48  7„ 

88  or  7  7„ 

The  above  table  shows  that,  while  for  1885  the  per- 
centage of  Glasgow  pupil  teachers  who  passed  well 
was  21  per  cent,  over  the  rest  of  the  district ;  that  per- 
centage has,  in  1886,  increased  by  10,  where  outside 
it  has  increased  only  by  2.  It  is  also  to  be  noted  that 
no  pupil  teachers  failed  in  either  of  the  two  years. 
By  order  of  the  School  Board, 

John  Morison, 

Chairman  of  Committee  on 
Pupil  Teachers. 
W.  Kennedt, 

Clerk. 
School  Board  Offices, 

129,  Bath  Street,  Glasgow, 
30th  November  1887. 


CLXXX. 

To  the  Honourable  the  Commissioners  appointed  to 
inquire  into  the  working  of  the  Elementary 
Education  Acts  in  England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Vestry  of  St.  Pancuas,  in  the 
County  of  Middlesex. 

Sheweth  : — 

That  your  Memorialists  have  on  several  occasions 
had  under  consideration  the  subject  of  the  expenses 
attending  the  election  of  Members  of  the  School  Board 
for  London,  and  that  your  Memorialists  find  that  at  the 
latest  election,  viz.,  in  November  1885,  such  expenses 
amounted  to  the  sum  of  10,465i.  17«.  Id. 

That  your  Memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  many  of 
the  charges  included  in  the  account  in  question  are 
unjustifiable,  and  that  the  total  cost  of  the  election  is 
most  excessive. 


APPENDIXES    TO    FINAL    REPORT. 


487 


That  yonr  Memorialists  have  considfired  the  circular 
letter  issued  by  the  Education  Department  on  the 
17th  June  1886,  laying  down  a  certain  scale  of  charges 
to  be  adopted  at  School  Board  elections,  and  your 
Memorialists  are  of  opinion  that  although  under  tha 
regulations  set  forth  in  such  circular  the  expenses  will 
be  reduced,  they  will  still  be  far  beyond  what  is  fair 
and  reasonable. 

That  your  Memorialists  are  informed  that  amongst 
the  matters  to  be  considered  by  your  Honourable 
Commission,  are — 

(a.)  Should    the    present     system     of    election     of 

Members  of  School  Boards  be  maintained. 
(6.)  How  can  the  expense  of  these  elections  be  cur- 

tailed. 
Your  Memorialists  respectfully  suggest — 

(a)  That  the  most  convenient  area  for  School  Board 
electoral  purposes  in  the  Metropolis  would 
be  the  Parliamentary  Divisions,  as  settled  by 
the  Redistribution  of  Seats  Act,  1885,  with 
one  member  for  each  Division, 
(fc.)  That  the  cumulative  system  of  voting  at  School 

Board  elections  should  be  abolished, 
(c.)  That  casual  vacancies  occurring  on   the  School 
Board  should  be  filled  up   by  a  vote  of  the 
ratepayers,  and  not  as    at   present  by  the 
Members  of  such  Board. 
{d.)  That  a  Returning  OfBcer  should  be  appointed 
for  each  School  Board  Division  and  that  the 
oflBce  of  Returning  Officer  for  the  whole  of 
the  Metropolis  should  be  abolished. 
.    (e.)  That  the  Returning  Officers  should  be  nomi- 
nated by  the  Education  Department. 
(/.)  That  all  expenditure  for  School  Board  election 
purposes  paid  for  out  of  the  rates  should  be 
subject  to  taxation. 
(g.)  That  the  fees   paid  to  the  Returning  Officers 
should  be  greatly  reduced,  and  that  the  total 
cost  of  carrying  out  an  election  of  Members 
of  the  Sch  ool  Board  in  the  suggested  inci  eased 
number  of  constituencies  should  not  exceed 
the  total  cost  of  carrying  out  an  election  in 
the  existing  constituencies  upon  the  revised 
scale  laid  down  by  the  Education  Depart- 
ment. 
Your  Memorialists  therefore  hniiibly  pray, 
That  your  Honourable  Commiss'on  will  recommend 
that  the    necessary  steps  be  taken    for   making    the 
Parliamentary  Divisions  of  the  Metropolis  the  electoral 
districts  for  School  Board  purposes,  with  one  Member 
for   each   Division ;    that    the   cumulative    system    of 
voting  be    abolished ;    that    cssual    vacancies    on   the 
School  Board  be  filled  up  by  vote  of  the  ratepayers  ; 
and  that  the  other  alterations  herein-before  suggested 
in  the  mode  of  conducting  School  Board  elections  and 
in  defraying  the  cost  thereof  be  carried  out. 
Ana  your  Memorialists  will  ever  pray,  &c.,  &c. 

The  Common  Seal  of  the  Vestry  of 
St.  Pancras  in  the  County  of 
Middlesex,  affixed  hereto  by  order 
of  the  said  Vestry. 

Thomas  Eccleston  Gibb, 

Vestry  Clerk  of  St.  Pancras, 
Middlesex. 


I   think  show  the  real   and  crying  extent  of  the  evil 
against  which  our  memorial  is  addressed. 

I  remain, 

Yours  faithfully, 
John  Slatbk, 
The  Secretary  of  the 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 


OLXXXI. 

Whitchurch  Rectory, 

Reading, 
Sir,  20th  January  1888. 

I  ENCLOSE  herewith  a  memorial  to  the  Royal 
Commission  on  Education  now  sitting,  which  I  have 
the  honour  to  present  on  behalf  of  several  of  the 
Training  Colleges  for  Masters^  and  I  have  reason  to 
think  that  other  signatures  are  on  their  way  to  me. 
But  it  was  judged  desirable,  having  so  many  already 
sent,  not  to  delay  longer  the  presentation  of  the 
memorial. 

Perhaps  I  may  be  allowed  at  a  later  date  to  forward 
any  supplementary  support  it  may  receive. 

I  send  also  some  printed  copies  for  the  convenience  of 
the  Commission.  The  signatures  I  have  appended  by 
procuration  J.  collected  on  these  forms,  and  I  can 
forward  to  you  the  originals  if  required. 

I  have  acted  as  the  secretary  in  this  business  in  con- 
sequence of  my  inquiring,  on  behalf  of  my  committee, 
what  might  be  the  experience  of  the  other  colleges  in 
this  matter ;  and  I  append  below  some  statistics  which 


Durham,  26th  October  1887 — All  the  outgoing  students 

of  1886  not  placed  out  up  to  this  date. 
Chester,  26th  October  1887.— Out  of  56  only  11  provided 

at  Trnhiiug  College  ;  not  all  placed  up  to  this  date. 
Carnarvon,  28th  October  1887.— Out  of  23  only  14  placed 

out  at  Midsummer ;  8  more  to  date,  1  still  unpkced. 
Exeter. — A  general  statement  of  the  evil  felt. 
Saltley,  9th  JNovember  1887.— Has  found  it  increasingly 

difficult  to  place  out  masters. 
Carmarthen,  12th  November  1887.— Out  of  29,  21  by 

Easter,  5  more  by  November,  3  still  unprovided  for. 
Winchester,  8th  November  1887.— Several  had  to  wait 

six  months.      At  Midsummer  6  still    unplaced,   of 

which  only  3  have  found  places  to  date. 
Batlersea,  26th  October  1887.-33  had  to  wait  till  April. 

By  Midsummer  5  more  found  places,  2  still  in  want 

at  this  date. 
St.   Mark's,   Chelsea,  28th  October  1887.-7  remained 

unplaced  at  Midsummer. 
Culham,  2nd  December  1887.— 23  were  unplaced  at  the 

date  of  1886,  11  remained  till  August,  the  last  found 

a  place  5th  October  1887. 

We,  the  undersigned,  who  are  officially  entrusted 
with  the  conducting  and  maintenance  of  the  English 
Training  Colleges,  desire  most  respectfully  to  urge  the 
following  considerations  on  the  notice  of  Her  Majesty's 
Commissioners  upon  Elementary  Education. 

These  Colleges  have  been  established  at  great  cost, 
and  maintained  at  great  expense,  and  with  much 
anxious  care,  in  order  that  a  due  supply  of  young  men 
might  be  provided,  who  should  be  thoroughly  qualified 
to  act  as  Masters  of  Elementary  Schools. 

At  the  time  the  Colleges  were  founded,  it  was  judged 
that  this  end  could  not  be  attained  by  a  systematic 
course  of  instruction  alone,  without  the  moral  dis- 
cipline promoted  by  residence  within  the  walls  of  a 
College,  and  enforced  by  religious  training.  We 
remain  in  the  firm  conviction  of  the  truth  of  this 
judgment,  and  indeed  it  has.  already  been  proved  by 
experience. 

Gradually,  and  in  process  of  time  the  supply  of 
students  so  trained  would  have  overtaken  the  demand. 

The  sudden  increase  of  demand,  however,  created  by 
the  educational  measures  of  late  years,  especially  by 
the  Act  of  1870,  tempted  some  other  mode  of  supply  for 
the  immediate  requirements  of  education.  This  was 
found  in  allowing  pupil  teachers  who  had  fulfilled  their 
apprenticeship,  and  other?  (as  specified  in  Article  51) 
to  become  assistant  masters,  without  having  had  the 
advantage  of  training  in  any  College,  and  this  has  taken 
place  now  for  so  long  a  time  that  the  supply  of  masters 
has  of  late  exceeded  the  demand. 

We  submit  that  this  state  of  things  is  now  and  has 
for  some  time  past  been  attended  with  prejudicial  con- 
sequences, both  to  the  students  and  to  the  Colleges,  and 
threatens  still  greater  evil  in  the  future. 

For  the  last  two  or  three  years  it  has  become  ex- 
tremely difficult  to  find  situations  for  the  students  who 
have  finisbed  their  course,  and  they  have  been  kept, 
some  for  nine  months  and  even  more,  in  a  state  of  en- 
forced idleness  and  disappointed  hope.  Such  a  con- 
dition is  fraught  with  moral  mischief  to  the  young 
men. 

It  is  injurious  also  to  the  cause  of  education  as 
naturally  tending  to  discourage  the  best  men  from 
entering  as  students,  and  tempting  those  who  arc 
already  qualified  to  turn  aside  from  the  profession. 

It  is  very  trying  also  to  all  those  who  are  interested 
in  the  prosperity  of  the  Colleges,  by  adding  greatly  to 
their  anxieties  at  the  present,  and  by  tending  to 
diminish  the  number  of  certificates  on  which  the  grant 
to  the  Colleges  depends. 

We  do  not  ask  for  the  supply  of  untrained  masters  to 
be  entirely  closed ;  wo  fully  believe  there  are  ex- 
ceptional cases  in  which  the  educational  stafi"  may  be 
profitably  recruited  from  this  source.  But  we  think 
such  cases  should  he  strictly  exceptional,  and  that  the 
iramber  of  those  allowed  to  qualify  as  assistants  with- 
out having  received  the  bcneht  of  the  regular  course  of 
training  in  the  residential  Colleges,  should  be  greatly 
reduced. 


488 


KLEMENTARY    EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION  : 


We  venture  to  hope  that  in  any  recommendations 
yon  make  to  Her  Majesty's  Government  the  above 
conBiderations  will  not  be  forgotten. 

We  have  the  honour  to  subscribe  ourselves,  &c. 
Alpbed  Pott,  Archdeacon  of  Berks,  Treasurer  of 

Culham  College,  Oxon. 
G.  Herbert  Morrell. 

Henry  Lewis,  Principal  of  Culham  College. 
John  Slater,  Rector  of  Whitchurch,    Oxon,    and 

Hon.   Canon  of  Christ    Church,    Oxford,    Hon. 

Secretary  to  the  Oxon  Diocese  Training  College 

at  Culham. 

Which  last-named  ly  procuration  appends  the  following 
signatures : — 
J.  ErsKine  Olarke,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  Battersea. 
Wm.  Evill,   Battersea,  Treasurer   of    St.    John's 

College,  Battersea. 
Evan    Dasiel,    M.A.,    Principal  of    St.    John's 

College,  Battersea. 
William  North,  Archdeacon  of  Cardigan. 

C.  G.  Edmondes,  Archdeacon  of  St.  David's. 
David  Williams,  B.D.,  Canon  of  St.  David's. 
Edward  Morris,  Bryn  Myddin,  Abergwili. 
John  H.  Bicker,  St.  David's. 

Charles  Gilbert   Brown,  Principal    of  S.   Wales 

Training  College,  Carmarthen. 
E.  M.  CiiAUMEY,    M.A.,  Principal  of  Cheltenham 

College. 
Thomas  E.  Espin,  D.D.,  Chancellor  of  the  Dioceses 

of  Chester  and  Liverpool. 
John  L.  Darby,  Dean  of  Chester. 
Bdwakd  Barber,  Archdeacon  of  Chester. 
Arthur  Gore,  Archdeacon  of  Macclesfield. 
Alfred    J.    Blencowe,   Vicar  of   Christ  Church, 

Chester,  and  Canon  Residentiary  of  the  Cathedral. 
G.  R.  Pielden,   Rector    of    Bellugton    and   Hon. 

Canon  of  Chester. 
Arth0k  p.  Holmes,  Rector  of  Tattenhall,  Cheshire, 

and  Hon.  Secretary  of  Chester  Training  College. 
William  L.  Tregally,  General  Hon.  Treasurer  of 

Chester  Training  College. 
John  Thompson,  J. P.,  Broughtou  Hall,  Chester. 
J,  H.  Sandbach,  J.P.,  Cherry  Hill,  Malpas. 

D.  A.  Stewart,  Chester. 

A.  J.  C.  Allen,  Principal  of  Chester  Training 
College. 

B.  M.  CowiE,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Exeter. 

J.  A.  Legh   Campbell,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  Helpston, 

Member  of  Committee,and  Secretary  of  Peterboro' 

Training  College. 
John  Beecrofi,  J. P.,  Member  of  Committee  of  the 

Peterborough  Training  College. 
Edward    Tarner,   MA.,    Rector  of  Poakirk  and 

Secretary  of  the  Peterborough  Training  College. 
Charles    Daymond,    Principal    of    Peterborough 

Training  College. 

F.  W.  Burbidge,  M.A.,  Principal  of  Saltloy 
College. 

G.  W.  Kitchin,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Winchester,  Chair- 
man of  Committee  of  the  Winchester  Training 
College. 

H.  E.  Moberley,  M.A.,  Rector  of  St.  Michael's, 
Winchester,  and  Treasurer  of  Winchester  Train- 
ing College. 

William  Warburton,  M.A.,  Canon  of  Winchester, 
late  H.M.  Inspector  of  Schools. 

George  Henry  Sumner,  Archdeacon  of  Win- 
chester. 

J.  M.  Humbert,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  Hyde,  Hon.  Canon 
of  Winchester. 

J.  H.  Thesthkr,  M.A.,  Rector  of  St.  Maurice, 
Winchester,  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Winchester 
Training  College. 

H.  Martin,  M.A.,  Principal  of  the  Training 
College,  Winchester. 

Thomas  Randell,  B.D.,  M.A.,  Principal  of  Bede 
College,  Durham. 

J.  C.  Bangor. 

J.  St.  Asaph. 

Evan  Lewis,  Dean  of  Bangor. 

John  C.  Psyce,  Archdeacon  of  Bangor. 

Edw.  Smart,  Archdeacon  of  St.  Asaph. 

Watkin  H.  Williams,  Secretary  W.  Carnarvon 
Training  College. 

David  Lewis,  Prebendary  of  St.  Asaph. 

John  Pairchild,  Principal  of  the  Carnarvon 
Training  College. 


CLXXXII. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  appointed  to  inquire  into  the 
working  of  the  Elementary  Edbcation  Acts,  Eng- 
land and  Wales. 

The  Memohlal  of  the  Council  of  the  English  Church 
Union,  representing  a  Body  which  now  includes 
seventeen  Bishops,  three  thousand  one  hundred 
other  Clergymen,  and  nineteen  thousand  Com- 
municants, 

Sheweth  : — 

(1.)  That  your  Petitioners  are  deeply  interested  in 
the  maintenance  of  Voluntary  Schools,  Churchmen 
having,  with  the  approval  of  the  National  Legislature, 
accepted  the  responsibility  of  providing  and  maintain- 
mg  the  greater  portion  of  the  elementary  education  of 
the  country. 

(2.)  That  many  of  the  existing  National  Schools  have 
been  placed  in  circumstances  of  extreme  difficulty, 
owing  to  the  increased  demands  of  the  Education 
Department,  which  demands,  though  reasonable  in 
themselves,  necessitate  increased  expenditure  and  have 
not  been  suflSciently  met  by  a  compensating  increase  of 
grant. 

(3.)  That  with  a  view  to  lessen  these  and  other  in- 
creasing difficulties,  your  Petitioners  earnestly  pray 
that  in  considering  their  Report  the  Royal  Commission 

will  endeavour  to  provide  for, 

(a.)  An  increase  of  the  fixed  Grant  under  Article  109a 

of  the  now  Code. 
(6.)  The   abolition   of  the  17«.  6(£.  limitation  under 

Article  114. 
(c.)  An  increase  and  extension  of  the  Grants  made 
under  Article  111  to  Schools  for  small  popula- 
tions. 
(d.)  An  amendment  of  the  existing  law,  so  that  the 
fees  of  indigent  children  attending  Volnntary 
Schools  may  be  remitted  either  Ijy  the  School 
Board  or  the  School  Attendance    Committee, 
thereby  avoiding  the  stigma  felt  to  attach  to 
an  application  to  the  Guardians, 
(e.)  A  special  grant  to  local  Associations  for  the  pur- 
pose of  maintaining  and  improving  the  National 
Schools  of  any  given  district. 

Signed  on  behalf  of  the  Council  of  the 
English  Church  Union,  this  twenty- 
ninth  day  of  November  One  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  eighty-seven. 
Halifax, 
President  of  the  English  Church 
Union. 


CLXXXII  [. 

At  a  Meeting  of  the  Gloucester  and  District  Asso- 
ciation of  Church  School  Managers  and  Teachers, 
B.  St.  John  Ackers,  Eaq.,  the  President,  in  the  Chair, 
held  November  19,  1887,  a  Memorial  to  the  Royal  Com- 
mission on  the  Elementary  Education  Acts  was  adopted, 
and  it  was  resolved  that  the  Memorial  should  be  signed 
by  the  President  and  Honorary  Secretaries  on  behalf  of 
the  Association,  and  that  it  should  be  forwarded  to  the 
Royal  Commission. 

To  the  BoYAL  Commission  on  the  Elementary  Education 
Acts. 

The  humble  Memorial  of  the  Gloucester  and 
District  Association  of  Church  School 
Managers  and  Teachers. 

Sheweth  : — 

That  there  is  a  decided  preference  on  the  part  of 
a  large  proportion  of  the  population  for  Voluntary 
Schools. 

That  the  Voluntary  Schools  of  England  educate 
nearly  two-thirds  of  the  children  attending  Elementary 
Schools,  and  that  in  places  where  a  School  Board  exists 
a  rate  is  levied  on  all  portions  of  the  community  alike 
for  the  education  of  the  remaining  third.  This  yonr 
Memorialists  feel  to  be  an  injustice. 

They  therefore  pray  that  means  may  be  adopted  for 
removing  this  injustice,  and  would  suggest  that,  in  the 
payment  of  the  School  Board  rate,  s.ib.jcribers  to 
Voluntary  Schools  should  be  excused  to  the  extent  of 
their  subscription. 

That,  since  the  Act  of  1870  was  carried  to  supplement 
and  not  supplant  Voluntary  Schools,  your  Memorialists 


APPENDIXES  TO  FINAL  EEPORT. 


489 


therefore  pray  that  any  possible  step  be  taken  to  render 
additional  assistance  to  Vohintary   SchoolB   generally 
and  to  those  in  poor  districts  in  particular. 
And  your  Memorialists  will  ever  pray. 

B.  St.  John  Ackers, 

President. 

^NEY^CoK. }  Ho"'»-''ry  SeOroU^ries. 

November  30,  1887. 


CLXXXIV. 


The  Vicarage,  Kensington, 
Sib,  December  7, 1887. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Conference  of  clergy  and 
laity  of  the  Rural  Deanery  of  Kensington,  held  on 
Tuesday,  December  6th,  1887,  the  following  resolution 
was  passed,  and  I  was  directed  to  forward  a  copy  of 
the  resolution  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Boyal  Commis- 
sion now  sitting  on  "  Elementary  Education." 
I  have  the  honour  to  be,  Sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Edwakd  Cake  Glyn, 
Vicar  and  Eural  Dean  of  Kensington. 
To  the  Secretary, 

Royal  Commission  on  Education. 

"  That  the  Ruri-decanal  Conference  desires  to  appeal 
to  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education,  now  sitting, 
that  the  claims  of  Voluntarj'  or  Denominational  Schools 
be  duly  provided  for  in  any  future  Education  Act,  in 
regard  to  an  increase  of  Grant  for  such  schools,  without 
any  compromise  of  their  denominational  character." 


OLXXXV. 

To  the  Royal  Comkission  appointed  to  inquire  into 
the  WORKING  of  the  Elementary  Education  Acts, 
England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Rural  Dean  and  Clergy  of 
the  Deanery  ok  Bellingham,  in  the  Diocese  op 
Newcastle,  being  Managers  and  Supporters  of 
Church  of  England  Voluntary  Elementary 
Schools  in  that  Deanery. 

SllEWETU  ; — 

1.  That  for  a  long  course  of  years  your 
Memorialists,  under  the  conviction  that  education 
cannot  be  satisfactory  unless  it  in  based  on  definite 
religious  teaching,  have  carried  on  education  in  schooLs 
built  and  supported  by  voluntary  contributions,  under 
the  direction  and  with  the  assistance  of  the  State. 

2.  That  recent  legislation  has  subjected  them  to 
difficulties  of  maintenance  and  management  which 
greatly  hinder  their  work  and  threaten  their  schools 
with  ultimate  extinction. 

3.  That  the  support  of  Voluntary  Schools  by  sub- 
scription lessens  the  geneial  burden  upon  the  com- 
munity very  considerably,  and  that,  therefore,  both  as 
a  matter  of  policy  and  on  the  higher  consideration  of 
justice,  the  individual  subscribers  to  them  ought  not 
to  have  their  private  burdens  made  heavier  than  those 
of  their  neighbours. 

And  your  Memorialists  therefore  earnestly  pray  that 
the  Royal  Commission,  in  considering  their  report, 
will  remember  that  the  whole  country  lies  under  a 
heavy  weight  of  obligation  to  the  promoters  of 
Voluntary  Schools,  and  that  any  injustice  under  which 
these  schools  labour  should  be  remedied  ;  and  that  the 
Royal  Commission  will  also  consider  whether  the 
schools  ought  not  to  be  relieved  in  the  following 
manner : — 

1.  That  subscribers  to  Voluntary  Schools  in  School 

Board  Districts  be  not  required  to  pay  a  school 
rate,  on  giving  satisfactory  proof  that  they  have 
already  paid  a  full  equivalent  by  subscription. 

2.  That  all  rates  shall  cease  to  be  levied  on  buildings 

or  property  used  for  the  education  of  the  poor. 

3.  That  Voluntary  Schools    and   Board  Schools    be 

equalised  in  respect  of  poor  children  whose 
parents  are  unable  to  pay  the  school  fees,  so  that 
children  who  would  attend  the  Voluntary  Schools 
by  their  parents'  choice  may  not,  on  account  of 
the  difficulty  and  hardship  connected  with  an 
application  to  the  Board  of  Guardians,  be  driven 
to  Board  Schools  to  secure  free  education. 


P.  Rogers,  M.A.,  Rector  of  Somerburn  ;  Rural 

Dean. 
James  Allgood,  Nnnwick. 
R.  Lancelot  Allgood,  Nunwick,  Humshangh- 

on-Tyne. 
Samuel  Beal,  D.C.L.,  Rector  of  Wark. 
G.  Rome  Hall,  F.S.A.,  Vicar  of  Birtley. 
Richard  Measham,  Rector  of  Bellingham. 
Charles  Bird,  Vicar  of  ChoUeston. 
William    Hutchinson,    Manager,    ChoUeston 

School. 
G.  "W.  Holme,  Rector  of  Coi-senside. 
Robert  Picton,  Rector  of  Falstone. 
PaANCis  William  Ames,  Rector,  Greystead. 
Henry  Parmenter,  Vicar  of  Hurnshaugh. 
CoNSTANTiNE  O'DoNEL,  Rector  of  Thockrington. 
Charles    William    Soden,    M.A.,    Vicar    of 

Kirkwhelpington. 
Walteii  L.  Tucker,  Rector  of  Thomeybum. 


OLXXXVI. 


To  the  Royal  Commission  appointed  to  inquire  into  the 
WORKING  of  the  Elementary  Education  Acts, 
England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Archdeacon  of  North- 
umberland and  of  the  Clergy,  Manaoeks,  and 
Supporters  of  Church  op  England  Volontakt 
Elementary  Schools  in  the  Deanery  of 
Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

Sheweth  : — 

1.  Thai  for  a  long  course  of  years  your 
Memorialists,  under  the  conviction  that  education 
cannon  be  satisfactory,  unless  it  is  based  on  definite 
religious  teaching,  have  carried  on  education  in  schools 
built  and  supported  by  voluntary  contributions,  under 
the  direction  and  with  the  assistance  of  the  State. 

2.  That  recent  legislation  has  subjected  them  to 
difficulties  of  maintenance  and  management  which 
greatly  hinder  their  work  and  threaten  their  schools 
with  ultimate  extinction. 

3.  That  the  support  of  Voluntary  Schools  by  sub- 
scription lessens  the  general  burden  upon  the  com- 
munity very  considerably,  and  that,  therefore,  both  as 
a  matter  of  policy  and  on  the  higher  consideration  of 
justice,  the  individual  subscribers  to  them  ought  not 
to  have  their  private  burdens  made  heavier  than  those 
of  their  neighbours. 

And  your  Memorialists  therefore  earnestly  pray  that 
the  Royal  Commission,  in  considering  their  Report,  will 
remember  that  the  whole  country  lies  under  a  heavy 
weight  of  obligation  to  the  promoters  of  Voluntary 
Schools,  and  that  any  injustice  under  which  these 
schools  labour  should  be  remedied  ;  and  that  the  Royal 
Commission  will  alsoconsider  whether  the  schools  ought 
not  to  be  relieved  in  the  following  manner  : — 

1.  That  subscribers  to  Voluntary  Schools  in  School 

Board  Districts  be  not  required  to  pay  a  scbcol 
rate,  on  giving  satisfactory  proof  that  they 
have  already  paid  a  full  equivalent  by  sub- 
scription. 

2.  That  all  rates  shall  cease  to  be  levied  on  buildings 

or  property  used  for  the  education  of  the  poor. 

3.  That  Voluntary   Schools   and   Board   Schools   be 

equalised  in  respect  of  poor  children  whose 
parents  are  unable  to  pay  the  school  fees,  so  that 
children  who  would  attend  the  Voluntary  Schools 
by  their  parents' choice  may  not,  on  account  of 
the  difficulty  and  hardship  connected  with  an 
application  to  the  Board  of  Guardians,  be  driven 
to  Board  Schools  to  secure  free  education. 

Geo.  Hans  Hamilton,  D.D.,  J.P.,  Archdeacon 

of  Northumberland  and  Canon  of  Durham. 
Arthur  T.  Lloyd,  D.D.,  Vicar  of  Newcastle. 

and  Rural  Dean. 
Thomas  Talbot,  Vicar  of  Ch.Ch.  N.C. 
J.  W.  MiLNER,  Vicar  of  St.  John's,  Newcastle 
James  Sunteh,  St.  Anthony's  Vicarage,  New- 
castle. 
O.  Churchyard,  St.  Matthias'  Vicarage,  New- 
castle. 
Thomas  Averell,  Chaplain  of  the  Union. 
W.  Bowlan,  Chaplain  of  Her  Majesty's  Prison, 

Newcastle-on-Tyne. 
A.  Gooderham,  Vic«r  of  St.  Ann's. 
G.  A.  Pray,  Curate  of  St.  Andrew's. 
C.  A.  Pox,  Vicar  of  Sugley. 
Jn.  Mitchell,  Chaplain  of  Royal  Infirmary. 


490 


ELEMENTARY   EDUCATION   ACTS   COMMISSION 


K.  L.  CuNNiKGHAM,  Vicar  of  St.  Philip's. 
W.  B.  NowEU,  Vicar  of  St.  Cuthbert's. 
John  Peat,  Curate  of  Byker. 
John  Lintell,  Vicar  of  St  Stephen's. 
A.  S.  Wahdespe,  Vicar  of  All  Saints'. 
Thos.  Wakdle,  Curate  of  St.  Anne's. 
John  Woodhouse,  Curate  of  Byker. 

December  22,  1887. 

The  College,  Durham. 


OLXXXVII. 


To  the  BoYAL  Commission  appointed  to  inquire  into  the 
WORKING  of  the  Elementaby  Education  Acts, 
England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Rukal  Dean,  anil  of  the 
Clergy  of  the  Deanery  of  Hexham,  in  the 
CoTJNTY  or  Northumberland  and  Diocese  of 
Newcastle,  being  Managees  and  Supporters  of 
Church  op  England  Voluntary  Elementary 
Schools  in  this  Deaneky. 

Bueweth  : — 

1.  That  for  a  long  course  of  years  your  Memo- 
rialists, under  the  conviction  that  education  cannot  be 
eatisfactory  unless  it  is  based  on  definite  religious 
teaching,  have  carried  on  education  in  schools  built  and 
supported  by  voluntary  contributions,  under  the  direc- 
tion and  Tf  ith  the  assistance  of  the  State. 

2.  That  recent  legislation  has  subjected  them  to 
difficulties  of  maintenance  and  management  which 
grea,tly  hinder  their  work  and  threaten  their  schools  with 
ultimate  extinction. 

3.  That  the  support  of  Voluntary  Schools  by  sub- 
scription lessens  the  general  burden  upon  the  com- 
munity very  considerably,  and  that,  therefore,  both  as 
a  matter  of  policy  and  on  the  higher  consideration  of 
justice,  the  individual  subscribers  to  them  ought  not 
to  have  their  private  burdens  made  heavier  than  those 
of  their  neighbours. 

And  your  Memerialists  therefore  earnestly  pray  that 
the  Royal  Commission,  in  considering  their  Report,  will 
remember  that  the  whole  couatry  lies  under  a  heavy 
weight  of  otligatiou  to  the  promoters  of  Voluntary 
Schools,  and  that  any  injustice  under  which  these 
schools  labour  should  be  remedied  ;  and  that  the  Royal 
Commission  will  also  consider  whether  the  schools 
ought  not  to  be  relieved  in  the  following  manner : — 

1.  That  subscribers  to  Voluntai-y  Schools  i:i   School 

Board  Districts  be  not  required  to  pay  a  school 
rate,  on  giving  a  satisfactory  proof  that  they 
have  already  paid  a  full  equivalent  by  subscrip- 
tion. 

2.  That  all  rates  shall  cease  to  be  levied  on  buildings 

on  property  used  for  the  education  of  the  poor. 

3.  That   Voluntary    Schools   and   Board  Schools    be 

equalised  in  respect  of  poor  childicn  whose 
parents  are  unable  to  pay  the  school  fees,  so 
that  children  who  would  attend  the  Voluntary 
Schools  by  their  parents' ch(  ice  may  not,  on  account 
of  the  difficulty  and  hardship  connected  with  an 
application  to  the  Board  of  Guardians,  bo  driven 
to  Board  Schools  to  secure  free  education. 

George  Cuddas,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  Warden,  Rural 

Dean. 
H.  C.  Barker,  M.A.,  Rector  of  Hexham. 
Thos.  FAnLKNEH,  Rector  of  St.  John's,  Lee. 
Wm.    Sisson,    Vicar    of  Slaley-with-Whitley, 

Hexhamshire. 
J.  Lowe,  Vicar  of  Haltwbistle 
J.  T.  Andeeton,  Rector  of  Knarsdalo. 
A.  C.   C.   Vaughan,   Vicar  of  Lamblcy     and 

P.C.  of  Groenhead. 
OcTAVius  James,  Rector  of  Kirkhaugh. 
Jonathan  Scaru,  Vicar  of  Niuobauks. 
E.  L.  Bowman,  Vicar  of  Alston. 
Chas.  Berry,  Vicar  of  Neathead. 
W.  Williams,  Vicar  of  St.  Peter's,  Allendale. 
R.  E-  Mason,  Rector  of  Allendale,  Nortlmmber- 

land. 
J.  M.  Mason,  Rector  of  Whitfield. 
George  Reed,  Incumbent  of  Beltingham. 
J.  H.  Mandell,  Vicar  of  Haydon  Bridge. 
Robert  Hutton,  Vicar   of  St.   Oswald's   with 
St.  Mary,  Bingfield. 
Hexham, 

January  21,  1888. 


CLXXXVIII. 
Memorial  to  the  Royal  Commission  on  Educatioh 
from  the  Nottingham  Chukoh  School  Board. 
My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

As  the  time  is  approaching  when  some  legislative 
remedy  will  bo  proposed  for  the  great  injustice  now 
being  done  io  Voluntary  Schools,  we  beg  to  draw  atten- 
tion to  one  special  feature  of  the  present  law  which 
inflicts  immense  injury  on  the  Denominational  Schools 
of  Nottingham. 

Section  10  of  the  Education  Act  [1876],  enables 
School  Boards  to  remit  the  fees  of  poor  children  in 
Board  Schools,  while  the  same  class  of  children  attend- 
ing Voluntai'y  Schools  must  apply  to  the  Board  of 
Guardians. 

These  two  bodies  act  upon  totally  difl'erent  lines.  The 
former  are  most  liberal,  even  lavish,  in  their  readiness 
to  remit  fees,  paying  them  for  children  from  thren  to 
fourteen  years  of  age.  The  Guardians,  on  the  other 
hand,  from  a  desire  to  keep  down  the  Poor  rate,  place 
many  difficulties  in  the  way  of  applicants,  and  refuso 
entirely  to  pay  for  children  under  five  years  of  age. 

There  are  22,609  children  on  the  roll  of  the  Board 
Schools,  and  the  fees  of  no  less  than  4,168  are  remitted. 
In  the  Voluntary  Schools  of  Nottingham  there  are 
17,452  on  the  rolls,  and  the  fees  of  only  759  are  paid  by 
the  Guardians. 

Many  parents  arc  thus  by  stress  of  poverty  driven  to 
send  their  children  to  schools  which,  if  left  to  their  own 
choice,  they  would  not  piefer.  The  alternative  for 
Managers  of  Volunlary  Schools  is  to  allow  the  payment 
of  the  fees  to  fall  into  arrears,  and  consequently  to 
suffer  the  loss  of  considerable  sums  of  money. 

We  shall  be  very  grateful  if  this  serious  grievance 
can  be  speedily  redressed. 

We  are,  on  behalf  of  the  Nottingham 
Church  School  Board, 
W.  Vincent  Jackson,  M.A., 
Hon.  Canon  of  Southwell.  Vicar  of  St.  Stephen's, 
and  Chairman  of  the  Board. 
William  Pope,  M.A., 
Rector  of  St.  Nicholas,  Nottingham, 

and  Secretary  of  the  Board, 
January  10,  1888. 


CLXXXIX. 

Memorial  to  the  Royal  Commission  on  Education  from 
the   Nottingham    Chuech    School   Board,    rejire- 
senting  the  Managers  of  the  Church  Day  Schools 
in  the  Boeough  of  Nottingham. 
My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

As  the  Royal  Commission  is  about  to  issue  its 
recommendations  concerning  the  working  of  the 
Elementary  Education  Acts,  the  Nottingham  Church 
School  Board  begs  to  draw  attention  to  the  following 
considerations  wiih  a  view  to  equalising  the  position  of 
Voluntary  and  Hate-aided  Scho'-ls. 
The  Board  is  of  opinion, — 

(a.)  TLat  some  method  should  be  devised  for 
equalising  in  both  Voluntary  and  Rate-aided 
Schools  the  system  iiider  which  fees  are 
remitted. 
(6.)  That  subscriptions  paid  to  Voluntary  Schools 
should  be  regarded  as  a  substitute  to  that 
extent  for  the  School  Board  Rate. 
(c.)  That  all  buildings  for  school  purposes  should  be 
freed  from  payment  of  rates. 

We  are,  on  behalf  of  the  Nottingham 
Church  School  Board, 
Your  obedient  Servants, 

W.  Vincent  Jackson,  M.A., 
Hon.  Canon  of  Southwell, 

and  Chairman  of  the  Board. 
William  Pope,  M.A., 
Rector  of  St.  Nicholas,  Nottingham, 
and  Seoietary  of  the  Board. 


CXC. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  appointeii  to  inquiie  into 
the  working  of  the  Elementary  Education  Acts, 
England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  Clergy,  Managers,  and 
Supporters  of  Church  op  England  Voluntary 
Elementary  Schools  in  the  Rubal  Deaneries 
in  the  County  of  Northumberland. 

Shewetii  : — 

1.  Thai  for  a  long  course  of  years  your  Memo- 
rialists, under  the  conviction  that  education  cannot  be 


APrKNDlXES   TO   FINAL   KEPORT. 


491 


satisfactory,  unless  it  is  based  on  doPnilr  religious 
tcRchiug,  have  carried  on  education  in  Frlnols,  built 
and  8uj)i>ortcd  by  voluntary  contrib'i!,ii-i: j,  under  the 
direction  and  with  the  assistance  oft'u'  riut  . 

2.  That  recent  legislation  has  '  '  •  J  them  to 
difficulties  of  maintenance  and  neut  -which 
greatly  hinder  their  work,  and  thr  ..^..  ..  their  schools 
with  ultimate  extinction. 

3.  That  the  suppf^i  i  d!'  volnn  ry  schools  by  eub- 
Bcription  lessen-  1>  ..der,  upon  the  com- 
munity verv  .a  that,  t'  •  reforc,  both  as 
a  matter  ■  ui  on  the  higher  consideration  of 
juBtico,  li                 ,aal  subscribers  to  them  ought  not  to 

■■,:■:  .\ac  burdens  made  heavier  than  those  of 
jubours. 
t>    a  your  Memorialists  therefore  earnestly  pray  that 
the   Boyal   Commission,  in  considering  their  Report, 
will  remember  that  the  whole   country   lies  under  a 
heavy  weight  of  obligation   to  the  promoters  of  volun- 
tary schools,  and  that  any  injustice  under  which  these 
schools  labour  should  be  remedied  ;  and  that  the  Royal 
Commission   will    also   consider  whether   the   schools 
ought  not  to  Ije  relieved  in  the  following  manner  : — 
1.  That  subscribers  to  volmitary  schools  in  School 
Board  Districts  bo  not  required  to  pay  a  school 
rate,  on  giv  nig  satisfactory  ])roof  that  they  have 
already  paid  a  full  e(|uivalent  by  subscription. 
'2.  That  all  rates  should  cease  to  be  levied  on  buildings 

or  property  used  for  the  education  of  the  poor. 
3.  That  Voluntary  Schools  and  Board  Schools  be 
equalised  in  respect  of  poor  children,  whose 
parents  are  unable  to  pay  the  school  fees,  so  that 
children  who  would  attend  the  Voluntary  Schools 
by  their  ])arcnts'  choice,  may  not,  on  account  of 
the  difficulty  and  hardship  connected  with  an 
application  to  the  Board  of  Guardians,  be  driven 
to  Board  Schools  for  free  education. 
(To  this  memorial  79  signatures  were  appended.) 


CXCI. 

To  the  Royal  Commission  appointed  to  inquire  into 
the  WORKING  of  the  Elementaky  Eihication  Acts, 
England  and  Walk.s. 

The  humble  Memouial  of  the  undersigned 
Manaoeks  of,  and  Pehsoxs  interested  in,  the 
VoLUNTAiiY  (or  Denominational)  Schools  of 
England. 

SlIBWETII  : — 

TuAT  there  is  a  decided  preference  on  the  part  of 
a  largo  proportion  of  the  population  for  Voluntary 
Schools. 

That  the  Voluntary  Schools  of  England  educate 
nearly  two-thirds  of  the  children  attending  ••Elemen- 
tary Schools,  and  tliereforc  may  rightly  claim  a  fair 
proportion  of  rates  luvied  for  the  very  purpose  of 
Elementary  Education. 

That  the  enforced  payment  of  a  rate  devoted  exclu- 
sively to  the  maintenance  of  Board  Schools  is  felt  to 
1)0  a  burden  and  a  hardship  by  those  who  object,  on 
conscientious  grounds,  to  the  system  of  education 
represented  by  such  schools. 

As  a  I'emedy  for  this  manifest  injustice  and  hardship, 
your  Memorialists  beg  liumbly  to  suggest  that  all  per- 
sons who  can  furnish  satisfactory  evidence  that  they 
contribute  a  sum  equal  in  amount  to  the  rate  to  a 
Voluntary  School  within  the  same  parochial  limits  shall 
in  future  be  relieved  from  paying  the  School  Board 
rate. 

And  your  Petitioners  will  ever  pray. 

(To  this  memorial  250,000  signatures  were  attached.) 


AmciidMent  uf  the  Elementary  Education  AHa. 

Church  Extension  Associatio.v,  27,  Kilburn  Park  Road, 
London,  N.W. 

Suggestions  for  carrying  into  eflcct  the  Memohial  signed 
by  Managers  of,  and  Persons  interested  in,  the 
Voluntary  (or  Denominational)  Schools  of  England. 

It  Ijcing  clearly  established  as  follows  : — 

(«.)  That  it  is  the  duty  of  every  ratepayer,  cither 
directly  or  indirectly,  to  contribute  his  fair 
proportion  to  tlie  promotion  of  education  and 
the  maiuteuance  of  efficient  schools ; 

o    55387.  ^ 


(6.)  That  the  Voluntary  Schools  of  England  educate 
more  than  two  thirds  of  the  children  attend- 
ing  Elementary  Schools ; 

(c.)  That  Voluntary  (or,  as  they  will  hereafter  bo 
designated,  "  Denominational  ")  Schools  and 
Boai-d  Schools  arc  efjually  subject  to  the 
authority  of  the  Education  Department,  and 
are  equally  entitled  to,  and  do  receive,  the 
Government  grant; 

{d.)  That  the  schools  jirovided  by  the  School  Board 
are  erected  and  maintained  out  of  the  rates 
levied  uixni  the  ratepayers  ; 

(f.)  That  Doiiominational  Schools  are  erected  and 
maintained  by  Voluntary  Subscriptions 
(e,>xept  as  to  Government  grunt),  and  the  rate- 
payers who  contribute  to  the  same  are  equally 
called  upon  to  jiay  the  rates  for  Board 
Schools ; 

(/.)  That  a  considerable  jiortion  of  the  public 
prefer  the  Voluntary  (or  Denominational) 
Schools  for  the  education  of  their  children ; 

{3-)  Upon  the  foregoing  and  other  ground,  it  is  sub- 
mitted that  the  present  system  is  unsuitable 
and  unjust  for  those  who  advocate  and  sup- 
port the  Denominational  Schools,  and  thereby 
a  heavy  burden  is  cast  upon  those  who 
subscribe  to  the  same,  and  unless  some  legis- 
lation can  be  provided  by  equalising  the 
liabilities  and  the  advantages  the  voluntary 
system  must  collapse. 

(h.)  The  result  of  such  a  condition  of  things  would 
be  that  the  ratepayers  would  be  comixjUcd  to 
provide  edncation  for  the  children  now  being 
taught  in  Voluntary  Schools,  and,  conse- 
quently, the  heavy  rates  now  being  levied 
throughout  the  kingdom  must  necessarily  bo 
more  than  doubled : 

The  following  modifications  of  the  Elementary  Edu- 
cation Acts,  to  provide  for  the  foregoing,  are  su<^- 
gested : —  ° 

1.  That  the  owners  or  ratepayers  in  any  existing  or 
future  School  Board  district  may,  by  a  resolution  ])assod 
in  manner  iirovided  by  the  Schedule  to  these  sugges- 
tions (which  in  subst;ince  is  similar  to  Schedule  3  of  the 
Public  Health  Act,  1875),  declare  that  it  is  expedient 
that  such  jilace  shall  be  constituted  into  a  Duplicate 
Board  District  and  that  two  School  Boards  shall  bo 
constituted  in  such  district,  one  to  be  called  the  "  Secu- 
lar School  Board,"  ai  under  the  present  Elementary 
Education  Act,  1870,  and  the  other  to  be  termed  the 
"  Denominational  School  Board." 

2.  The  Education  Department  may,  by  order  made 
not  less  than  six  weeks  after  the  receipt  of  a  copy  of 
such  resolution  so  passed  by  the  owners  and  rate- 
payers, declare  that  such  place  shall  be  constituted 
a  Duplicate  Board  District,  and  from  and  after  the  com- 
mencement of  such  order  such  jilace  shall  be  entitled  to 
two  such  Boards,  and  be  subject  to  their  respective 
jurisdictions.  The  Denominational  Beard  to  bo  elected 
in  manner  herein-after  provided. 

3.  That,  within  twenty-one  days  after  such  order  of 
the  Education  Department,  a  notice  shall  bo  published 
l)y  the  overseers  of  the  parish  re(|uiring  all  the  owners 
and  ratepayers  in  the  district,  entitled  to  vote,  to  elect 
by  a  proper  form  to  bo  left  at  such  of  their  residences, 
which  Board  they  will  lielong  to  and  vote  under  ;  and 
in  tlic  event  of  any  owner  or  ratejmyer  not  sending  in 
his  claim  within  such  twenty-one  days,  then  that  he 
shall  be  considered  as  belonging  to  the  Secular  School 
Board.  The  overseers  shall  then  make  out  and  prepare 
sejiarate  books,  one  to  be  for  the  Denominational  School 
Board,  and  the  other  for  the  Secular  School  Board. 

4.  That  all  schools  which  have  Ijcen  hitherto,  and 
may  hereafter  be,  provided  by  the  Secular  School 
Board  shall  belong  to  them,  and  be  under  their  con- 
duct, under  and  by  virtue  of  the  existing  Elementary 
Education  Act ;  but  in  the  event  of  its  being  deemed 
desirable  to  transfer  any  Secular  Board  School  to  the 
Denominational  Board,  it  shall  be  lawful  so  to  do,  with 
the  mutual  consent  of  each  such  Boards,  with  the  con- 
sent and  approval  of  the  Education  Department,  by 
order  ma<lc  for  that  purpose,  and  upon  such  terms  and 
conditions  as  the  Edncation  Dejiartment  shall  deem 
expedient  and  jiroper. 

5.  That  (subject  to  the  preceding  tecticn)  it  shall  be 
competent  for  any  other  school  in  the  district  already 
existing,  and  which  is  certified  to  be  a  Public  Elemeii- 
tiiry  School,  to  elect  whether  they  will  be  attached  to 
the  Denominational  School  Board  or  not,  or  they  can 
act  independently  of  either  Board. 

R 


492 


ELKMENTARY   KDUCATION    ACTS   COMMISSION  ; 


6.  That  Bucb  Denominational  School  already  existing 
shall  bo  under  the  control  of  its  present  managers  or 
tiustecs,  and  any  future  managers  to  be  appointed 
shall  1)0  elected  by  the  person  or  persons  who  arc  now 
entitled  to  elect  managers,  subject  in  all  respects  to  the 
ap|)roval  of  the  Denominational  School  Board,  such 
managers  not  to  consist  of  less  than  five  persons,  and 
to  meet  at  such  times  as  the  Denominational  Board 
shall  approve. 

7.  It  shall  be  competent  for  any  Denominational 
School  to  withdraw  from  the  Denomination  Board  on 
giving  such  notice  and  doing  all  such  acts  and  things 
OS  the  Board  may  prescribe. 

8.  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  overseers  to  publish 
annually  a  notice  in  the  month  of  March,  requesting 
all  owners  and  ratepayers  whose  names  are  not  upon 
the  rate-book  to  send  their  claims  within  the  date  to 
be  therein  named,  stating  to  which  Board  they  will 
elect  to  belong  ;  and  as  to  those  who  do  not  send  in 
their  claims,  they  shall  bo  considered  as  belonging  and 
shall  be  allocated  to  the  Secular  School  Board. 

9.  That  the  members  of  the  Denomimvtional  School 
Board  shall  be  elected  by  the  owners  and  ratepayers 
only  who  have  elected  to  belong  to  such  Board,  and 
the  members  of  the  Secular  School  Board  shall  also  in 
the  same  manner  be  elected  by  the  owners  and  rate- 
payers only  who  have  elected  to  belong  to  such  Board, 
and  such  elections  shall  take  place  together  at  the  same 
time  and  places,  so  as  to  save  the  expense  of  two 
elections. 

10.  That  the  schools  so  to  be  entitled  to  belong  to 
the  Denominational  School  Board  shall  be  only  the 
Public  Elementary  Schools  as  certified  in  accordance 
with  the  Education  Act,  1870. 

11.  That  such  Denominational  School  Board  shall  be 
equally  under  the  supervision  and  control  of  the  Educa- 
tion Dciiartmcnt  as  the  ordinary  Secular  School  Board, 
and  any  notice  to  be  given  under  Section  6  of  the 
Education  Act,  1870,  by  the  Education  Dejmrtmcnt 
shall  be  equally  given  to  the  Denominational  School 
Board,  so  that  they  may  have  an  opportunity  of  supply- 
ing any  deficiency  in  any  of  those  schools  ;  and  in  case 
of  default  by  such  Denominational  School  Board  or  such 
Secular  School  Board,  the  Education  Department  shall 
cause  the  duty  of  such  School  Board  or  Denominational 
Board  to  be  performed  by  such  of  the  Boards  as  they 
may  think  proper,  and  in  manner  provided  by  the 
Education  Act,  1870. 

12.  Every  Denominational  School  Board,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  providing  sufBcient  Public  School  accommoda- 
tion within  their  district,  either  in  obedience  to  any 
requisition  or  not,  may  provide,  by  building  or  other- 
wise, or  hiring  schoolhouscs  properly  fitted  up  and 
improved,  enlarge,  and  fit  np  any  schoolhouse  provided 
by  them,  and  supply  school  apparatus  and  everything 
necessary  for  the  efliciency  of  the  schools  provided  by 
them,  and  purchase  and  take  on  lease  any  land  and  any 
right  over  land,  or  may  exercise  any  of  such  powers. 

13.  That  all  other  powers  and  provisions,  whether 
the  acquisition  of  land,  renting  of  schools,  the  boiTow- 
ing  of  money,  or  any  other  powers  whatever,  cither  for 
the  enforcing  of  the  provisions  of  the  Education  Acts, 
or  otherwise,  which  are  contained  in  such  Acts  shall  be 
considered  as  equally  available  for,  and  shall  be  exercised 
and  cxcrciseable  by  the  Denominational  School  Board. 

14.  With  regard  to  existing  loans,  a  clause  should  be  in- 
serted in  the  Amending  Act  constituting  the  two  Boards 
in  the  same  district  (viz.,  the  Denominational  and  the 
School  Board),  that  nothing  therein  contained  should 

Erejudice  or  affect  existing  loans  or  liabilities,  as  they 
ave  been  incurred  upon  the  entire  rate  of  the  district, 
but  that  all  future  loans  and  liabilities  should  only  be 
raised  upon  the  rates  of  each  Board,  as  contained  in 
their  respective  rate-books. 

15.  That  the  expenses  of  the  Denominational  School 
Board  shall  be  paid  out  of  a  fund  to  be  called  the 
School  Fund. 

16.  That  the  accounts  of  such  Denomination  School 
Board  shall  bo  made  np  and  balanced,  and  shall  be 
submitted  to  the  Denominational  School  Board  every 
six  months,  on  the  1st  day  of  Maix-h  and  the  let  day 
of  September  in  every  year,  for  the  purpose  of  being 
examined  and  audited  by  such  Board,  in  such  manner 
as  the  Board  may  fi-om  time  to  time  appoint;  but  this 
shall  in  no  manner  affect  or  c|nalify  the  right  of  the 
public  auditor  appointed  by  the  Local  Government 
Board  to  audit  such  accounts,  but  shall  be  only  an 
addition  thereto. 

17.  That  in  the  event  of  the  Denominational  Board 
not  being  satisfied  with  the  efficient  working  of  any 
school  under  their  jnrisdiotiou,  or  ruch  school  failing 


in  all  respects  to  satisfy  the  rcquircmcuts  of  the  Educa- 
tion Department,  then  it  shall  be  competent  for  the 
Denominational  Board  to  refuse  to  make  up  all  or  any 
portion  of  any  deficiency  wliich  may  be  claimed,  and 
the  managers  of  the  said  school  or  schools  so  in  default 
shall  be  entitled  only  to  such  grant  from  the  rates  as 
the  said  Denominational  Board  may  think  proper  to 
make. 

17a.  That  in  the  making  up  of  such  accounts  volun- 
tary contributions  shall  not  be  reckoned  as  the  regular 
income  of  the  school,  but  any  contributions  so  received 
shall  be  carried  to  a  separate  account,  to  be  called  ' '  The 
Benefaction  Account,"  which  shall  bo  utilised  for  the 
erection  of  further  schools,  or  applied  for  the  benefit 
only  of  the  special  school  for  which  such  fund  is  created 
or  such  benefaction  given. 

18.  That  benefactors  shall  be  free  to  make  voluntary 
gifts  to  such  schools  in  which  they  may  take  a  special 
interest. 

19.  That  any  deficiency  in  the  making  np  of  tlie 
accounts  of  the  various  schools  under  the  Denomina- 
tional School  Board  shall  bo  raised  by  such  School 
Board  in  the  same  manner  as  tho  cx]X!nscs  are  raised  by 
the  School  Board  imdcr  Sections  53  and  54  of  the 
Education  Act,  1870. 

20.  That  for  such  puipose  the  overseers  of  each  parish 
or  district  shall  make  a  separate  rate  in  their  district 
amongst  tho  various  owners  and  ratepayers  only  who 
have  elected  to  and  form  part  of  tlie  Denominational 
Board,  and  such  owners  and  ratepayers  shall  be 
exempted  from  the  payment  of  any  rate  made  by  tho 
Secular  School  Board ;  and  in  like  manner  the  mem- 
hers  of  the  Secular  School  Board  shall  be  exempt  from 
the  payment,  if  any,  made  by  the  Denominational 
Board. 

21.  Every  child  attending  the  school  belonging  to 
tho  Denominational  School  Board  shall  pay  such  weekly 
sum  as  may  bo  ]>rescribed  by  such  Denominational 
School  Board,  witli  the  consent  of  the  Education  De- 
partment ;  but  the  Denominational  Scliool  Board  may 
from  time  to  time  for  a  reasonable  period,  not  exceeding 
six  months,  remit  the  whole  or  any  part  of  such  fee  in  tlie 
case  of  any  child  when  they  are  of  opinion,  from  proper 
evidence  submitted  to  them,  that  tlie  parent  of  such 
child  is  unable  from  poverty  to  pay  the  same,  but  such 
remission  so  given  shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  parochial 
relief  given  to  such  parent. 

22.  Section  13  of  the  Education  Acb,  1883,  as  to 
endowments,  shall  be  agrocablj-  applicable  to  Denomi- 
national School  Boards. 

23.  Every  school  under  the  Denominational  Board  to 
bo  open  at  all  times  to  tho  officers  of  the  Denomi- 
national Board  and  Education  Department,  all  of  whom 
may  be  entitled  to  inspect  the  same,  and  to  have  all  tlic 
powers  and  provisions  contained  in  the  Education  Act, 
for  the  jmrposo  of  advancing  the  maintenance  of  sucli 
schools. 

24.  The  managers  of  each  school  shall  have  the  right 
to  appoint  and  dismiss  tho  tcacliers,  to  order  what 
religions  teaching  shall  bo  given,  and  the  general 
curriculum  of  study  (so  for  as  the  Education  Depart- 
ment leaves  this  optional),  to  settle  the  fees  jiaid  by  tho 
children,  subject  as  before  mentioned. 

Finally, 

25.  There  shall  be  such  general  powers  given  to  tho 
Denominational  School  Board  as  arc  given  to  Secular 
School  Boards  under  the  existing  Act  with  reference  to 
the  maintenance  and  support  of  such  schools. 

The  SCHEDUIiE  before  referred  to. 

1.  For  the  purpose  of  passing  a  resolution  of  owners 
and  ratepayers  under  this  Act,  a  meeting  shall  be  sum- 
moned on  the  requisition  of  any  twenty  ratei)aycrs  or 
owners,  or  of  any  twenty  ratepayers  and  owners  resident 
in  the  district  or  place  with  respect  to  which  the  reso- 
lutions are  to  be  passed. 

2.  The  summoning  officer  of  such  meeting  shall  be  : 
In  boroughs,  the  Mayor. 

In  Improvement  Act  districts,  the  chairman  of  the 
Improvement  Commissioners. 

In  Local  Government  districts,  the  chairman  of 
tho  Local  Board. 
In  places  situated  in  any  rural  district,  or  districts, 
and  having  known  and  defined  boundaries,  the  church- 
wardens, or  one  of  them,  having  jurisdiction  co-extensive 
with  the  jilace  ;  or  if  there  are  no  churchwardens,  the 
overseers,  or  one  of  them,  having  the  like  jurisdiction ; 
or  if  there  are  none  of  the  o.fficors  respectively  above 
enumerated,  or  if  such  officer  in  any  case  neglects,  is 
unable,  or  refuses  to  iierform  the  duties  hereby  imposed 


APPENDIXES   TO    FINAL   REPORT. 


493 


on  him,  any  pertion  appoiiited  by  the  Local  Government 
Board. 

Where  the  boundaries  of  a  place  are  settled  by  order 
of  the  Local  Government  Board,  the  Board  shall,  by 
sach  order,  appoint  the  summoning  oflBcer. 

If  any  announcing  officer  appointed  by  the  Local 
GToTemment  Board  dieB,  becomes  incapable,  or  reftises 
or  neglects  to  act,  the  Local  Government  Board  may 
appoint  another  officer  in  his  room. 

3.  Ratepayers  or  owners  making  a  requisition  for  the 
summoning. of  such  meeting  shall,  if  required,  give 
security  in  a  bond,  with  two  sufficient  securities,  for 
repayment  to  the  summoning  oflBoer,  in  the  event  of 
such  resolution  not  being  passed,  of  the  costs  incurred 
in  relation  to  such  meeting,  or  any  poll  taken  in  pursu- 
ance of  any  demand  made  thereat,  the  amount  of  the 
security  to  be  given  by  such  sureties  and  their  sufiB- 
ciency,  and  the  amount  of  such  costs  to  be  settled  by 
agreement  between  the  summoning  officer  and  such 
ratepayers  or  owners,  or  in  case  of  dispute,  by  a  Court 
of  Summary  Jurisdiction. 

4.  The  summoning  officer  shall,  on  such  requisition 
as  aforesaid,  fix  a  time  and  place  for  holding  such 
meeting,  and  shall  forthwith  give  notice  thereof  by 
advertisement  in  some  one  or  more  of  the  local  news- 
papers circulated  in  the  district  or  place. 

By  causing  such  notice  to  be  affixed  to  the  principal 
doors  of  every  church  and  chapel  in  the  place  to  which 
notices  are  usually  affixed. 

5.  The  summoning  officer  shall  be  the  chairman  of 
the  meeting,  unless  he  is  unable  or  unwilling  to  preside, 
in  which  case  the  meeting  on  assembling  shall  choose 
one  of  its  numtier  as  chairman,  who  may,  with  consent 
of  a  majority  of  the  persons  present,  adjourn  the  same 
from  time  to  time. 

6.  The  chairinau  shall  proposi'  to  the  meeting  the 
resolution,  and  the  meeting  shall  decide  for  or  against 
its  adoption  :  Provided  that  if  any  owner  or  ratepayer 
demands  that  such  question  be  decided  by  a  poll  of 
owners  and  ratepayers,  such  poll  shall  be  taken  by- 
voting  papers  in  the  same  way  and  with  the  same  inci- 
dents and  conditions  as  to  the  qualification  of  electors 
and  scale  of  voting,  as  to  notice  to  be  given  by  the 
returning  officer,  delivery,  filling  up,  and  collecting  of 
voting  papers,  as  to  the  counting  of  votes,  as  to  penal- 
ties f(jr  neglect  or  refusal  to  comply  with  the  provisions 
of  the  Act,  in  all  respects  whatsoever,  as  is  provided  by 
the  rules  for  the  election  ol"  Lcical  Bo:ird?.  Except 
that,  in  districts  or  places  where  there  is  no  register  of 
owners  and  proxies,  any  owner  or  proxy  shall  be  en- 
titled to  have  a  voting  paper  delivered  to  him  if,  at 
least  14  days  before  the  last  day  appointed  for  delivery 
of  the  voting  papers,  he  sends  a  claim  in  writing  to  the 
summoning  officer,  containing  the  particulars  required. 

If  no  poll  is  demanded,  or  the  demand  for  a  poll  is 
withdrawn  by  the  persons  making  the  same,  a  declara- 
tion made  by  the  chairman  shall,  in  the  absence  of 
proof  to  the  contrary,  be  sufficient  evidence  of  the  deci- 
sion of  such  meeting. 

7.  A  copy,  under  the  hand  ol'  the  summoning  officer, 
of  every  resolution  so  passed  shall  be  forwarded  by  him 
to  the  Local  Government  Board,  and  it  shall  be  his 
duty  to  publish  a  copy  thereof  by  advertisement  for 
three  successive  weeks  in  some  one  or  more  of  the  local 
newspapers  circulated  in  the  district  or  place,  and  by 
causing  a  <;opy  thereof  to  be  affixed  to  the  principal 
doors  of  every  church  and  chapel  in  the  place  to  which 
notices  are  usually  affixed. 

8.  Where,  in  pursuance  of  resolution  passed  in 
manner  provided  by  this  Schedule,  any  place  is  consti- 
tuted a  Local  Government  District,  all  costs  incurred 
by  the  summoning  officer  in  relation  to  the  meeting, 
and  any  poll  taken  in  pursuance  of  any  demand  made 
thereat,  shall  be  a  first  charge  on  the  general  district 
rate  leviable  within  such  district ;  in  the  case  of  a  reso- 
lution so  passed  by  owners  or  ratepayers  in  any  urban 
district,  such  costs  shall  bo  paid  out  of  the  fund  or  rate 
applicable  by  the  urban  authority  to  the  general  pur- 
poses of  the  Act. 


GXGll. 

To  the  lloYAL  CoMMissioNKiis  appointed  lo  inquire  into 
the  WORKING  of  the  Elementabv  Education  Acts, 
England  and  Wales. 

The  Memorial  of  the  undersigned  Clergy,  Mana- 
gers, and  Supporters  of  Church  or  England 
Voluntary  School.s  in  the  Diocbse  of  St.  Asaph. 

Siibweth: — 

That  recent  legislation  has  had  the  efl^ect  of 
increasing  the  difficulty  of  maintenance  and  manage- 
ment of  Voluntary  Schools,  built  and  suppoi-ted  by 
persons  convinced  of  the  paramount  importance  of 
definite  religions  teaching;  and  your  Memorialists 
therefore  pray  that  the  Boyal  Commissioners,  in  con- 
sidering their  Report,  will  remember  that  the  whole 
connti-y  lies  under  a  heavy  weight  of  obligation  to  the 
promoters  of  Voluntaiy  Schools,  and  that  any  injustice 
under  which  these  schools  labour  should  be  remedied; 
and  that  the  Royal  Commissioners  will  also  consider 
whether  the  schools  ought  not  to  be  relieved  in  the 
following  manner:  — 

1.  That  8ub.scril)ers  to  Voluntary  Schools  in  School 

Board  districts  be  not  required  to  pay  a  school 
rate,  on  giving  satisfactory  proof  that  they  have 
already  paid  a  full  equivalent  by  subscription. 

2.  That  all  rates  shall  cease  to  be  levied  on  buildings 

or  property  used  for  the  education  of  the  poor. 

3.  That  Voluntary   Schools   and  Board   Schools   be 

equalised  in  respect  of  poor  children  whose 
parents  are  unable  to  pay  the  school  fees,  so  that 
children  who  would  attend  the  Voluntary  Schools 
by  their  parents'  choice,  may  not,  on  account  of 
the  difficulty  and  hardship  connected  with  an 
applicatiou  to  the  Board  of  Guardians,  be  driven 
to  Board  Schools  to  secure  free  education. 
(To  this  memorial  184  signatures  were  appended.) 

CXCIII. 

T(j  the  Royal  Commission  on   the  Elementary  Educa- 
tion Acts. 

The  humble  Memorial  of  the  Clergy  of  the  Deanery 
of  Bulmer  in  the  Diocese  of  York,  assembled 
in  Chapter. 

SUBWETU: — 

That  the  Voluntary  Schools  of  England  educate 
nearly  two-thirds  of  the  children  attending  Elementary 
Schools. 

That  recent  legislation  has  subjected  them  to  diffi- 
culties which  greatly  impede  their  work,  md  may 
ultimately  occasion  their  extinction. 

That  the  support  of  schools  by  voluntary  subscriptions 
lessens  the  general  burden  upon  the  community  very 
considerably,  and  that  the  enforcement  of  a  rate  for  the 
support  of  Board  Schools  on  those  who  are  engaged  in 
the  maintenance  of  Voluntary  Schools,  is  felt  to  be 
inequitable. 

As  a  remedy  for  this  injustice  your  Memorialists  beg 
humbly  to  suggest  that  all  persons  who  can  give  satis- 
factory proof  that  they  contribute  a  sum  equal  iix 
amount  to  the  rale  to  a  Voluntary  School  within  the 
same  parochial  limits,  shall  iu  future  be  relieved  from 
paying  the  School  Board  rate. 

Signed,  by  request,  on  behalf  of  the 
Ruri-decanal  Chapter  of  Bulmer. 
B.  .1.  RANDOLPH, 

Chairman. 


OXOIV. 

Weald  Vicarage,  Sevenoaks. 
Sib,  February  23,  1888. 

1   AM   requested  to    forward  you  a  copy  of  the 
following  resolution,  passed  at  a  meeting  of  the  Clergy 
of  the  Rural  Deanery  of  Shoreham  held  this  day : — 
"That  this   meeting  prays   for  relief  from  School 
Board    rates      for    all    subscribeis    to    Voluntary 
Schools  to  the  extent  of  their  subscriptions," 
1  am.  Sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
E.  K.  B.  Morgan, 
Hon.  Secretary  to  the  Ruri-decanal 
Chapter  of  Shoreham  Deanery. 
To  the  Secretary, 
Education  Commission. 


o    5SS87. 


3  S 


494 


ELEMENTAKY    EDUCATION    ACTS    COMMISSION  I 


OXOV. 

Gekkeal  Association  op  Chubch  Schooi,  Managees 
AND  Teacheks. 

National  Society's  Office, 

Sanctuary,  Weetminster,  S.W., 
January  23rd,  1888. 

SlK. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Council  of  the  above 
Association  on  January  21st,  1888,  it  was  unanimously 
resolved : — 

"That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Council,  Technical 
Schools  should  be  independent  of  and  not  annexed  to 
Public  Elementary  Schools." 

I  was  desired  respectfully  to  submit  the  resolution  to 
the  Royal  Commission  on  Education. 
I  remain, 

Yours  faithfully, 

J.  Shudholme  Browneigq, 
Hon,  Secretary. 
The  Secretary, 
The  Boyal  Commission  on  Education. 


CXCVI. 

Brighton  and  Preston  (U.D.)  School  Board. 
Offices,  54,  Old  Steine, 
June  9,  1888. 
I  AM  instructed  by  the  Board  to  forward  you  a 
copy  of  a  resolution  passed  by  them  at  their  meeting  on 
Tuesday  last : — 

"  That  the  present  system  of  inspection  and  payment 
of  grants  thereon  is  wrong  in  principle  and  pernicious 
in  its  results." 

"  That  this  resolution  be  forwarded  to  Sir  W.  T. 
Marriott,  Q.C.,  M.P.,  Sir  William  Tindal  Robertson, 
M.P.,  the  Education  Department,  and  the  Secretary  of 
the  Royal  Commission  on  Education,  with  a  request  to 
do  all  in  their  power  to  support  a  system  whereby  the 
administration  of  imperial  grants  for  educational  pur- 
poses may  be  effected  in  more  equitable  and  intelligent 
methods  than  at  present." 

I  have  the  honour  to  be,  Sir, 
Tour  obedient  servant, 
JoEN  Garden,  jun., 
Clerk  to  the  Board. 
The  Secretary, 
Boyal  Commission  on  Education. 


Sib, 


cxovn. 

To  the  Bight  Honourable  ViscmuNT  Cboss. 

May  it  pltsase  Toim  Lordship, 

I  HAVE  the  honour  to  forward  your  Lordship  the 
following  resolution  re  elementary  education,  <feo.  which 
was  unanimously  adopted  by  the  Glamorganshire  Welsh 
Congregational  Association,  representing  257  churches 
and  congregations,  held  at  the  Tabernacle  Chapel, 
Aberavon,  in  the  said  county,  on  Wednesday,  June  6th, 
1888. 
On  behalf  of  the  Association, 

I  am,  your  Lordship's  obedient  servant, 
W.  I.  Morris  (Sec), 
Norfolk  House, 

Pontypridd. 

"  That  this  Conference  views  with  the  greatest  concern 
the  attempts  of  the  advocates  of  sectarian  education  to 
tamper  with  the  Education  Act  of  1870,  and  earnestly 
protests  against  the  endeavours  that  are  being  made  to 
repeal  the  present  restrictions  on  sectarian  education 
in  public  elementary  schools,  and  also  against  any 
increased  parliamentary  grants  to  denominational 
schools,  either  from  local  rates,  or  the  Consolidated 
Fund,  except  such  schools  be  placed  under  efficient 
local  control,  popularly  elected  by  the  ratepayers  them- 
selves. 

' '  That  this  Conference  grounds  its  protest  on  the  belief 
that  such  proposals  will  prove  a  hindrance  to  the  esta- 
blishmeni,  of  a  national  system  of  education  on  a  purely 
unseotariau  basis ;  is  contrary  to  the  prinoiplea  of  civil 
and  religious  liberty ;  will  prevent  Nonconformists 
obtaining  public  elementary  education  to  their  children 
in  any  but  denominational  schools,  and  that  Noncon- 


formists will  be  unjustly  taxed  by  being  called  upon  to 
make  larger  contributions  from  the  rates  to  deuomina- 
tional  [schools,  and  trust  that  the  Liberal  party  will 
meet  such  retrograde  proposals  with  the  most  strenuous 
opposition." 


cxcvin. 

Gloucestershire  and  Herefordshire  Baptist 
Association, 

Chalford,  Stroud, 
UEAB  biB,  June  12th,  1888. 

iHE  resolution  on  the  other  side  Was  passed  most 
unanimously  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Gloucester- 
shire and  Herefordshire  Baptist  Association,  held  at 
bydney,  on  the  7th  of  this  mouth,  with  the  request  that 
It  be  sent  to  you  to  be  placed  before  the  Royal  Com- 
mission  on  the  Education  Acts. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be 
Your  humble  servant, 
D.  B.  Morgan, 
Hon.  Sec. 
To  the  Secretary 
To  Boyal  Commission  on  Education. 

"  That  this  assembly  of  ministers  and  delegates  of 
the  Baptist  Churches  of  Gloucestershire  and  Hereford- 
shire meeting  in  annual  conference,  desires  to  record 
its  deep  concern  at  the  efl'ort  now  being  made  by  the 
denominational  party  to  secure  fresh  legislation,  by 
which  the  restrictions  imposed  on  sectarian  teaching  in 
public  elementary  schools  by  the  Education  Acts  should 
be  abolished  ;  and  the  assembly  also  re-affirms  the  prin- 
ciple which  the  Baptist  Churches  have  hitherto  main- 
tained, that  no  portion  of  the  public  rates  be  applied  to 
further  or  promote  sectarian  teaching;  and  that  all 
schools  aided  out  of  the  local  rates  should  come  under 
the  control  of  the  ratepayers." 


OXOLX. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Surrey  and  Middlesex  Baptist 
Association,  held  at  Kingston-on-Thames,  it  was  re- 
solved : — 

"  That  this  meeting,  recognising  the  enormous  im- 
portance of  absolutely  unsoctarian  teaching  in  tho 
elementary  schools,  as  provided  by  Act  of  1870,  ex- 
presses its  strong  determination  to  oppose  any  retro- 
grade policy  in  connexion  therewith." 

Tours  heartily, 

E.  Bbuce  Pbabson, 
Hon.  SecretM-y. 
2,  Percy  Villas,  Hounslow, 
JTune  12,  1888. 


CO. 

36,  Princess  Street,  Leicester, 
Sib,  2nd  June  1888. 

Akitexed  I  beg  to  band  you  a  resolution  passed 
at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Leicestershire  Association 
of  Baptist  Churches  at  Syston,  May  29th,  relative  to 
the  education  question. 

I  have  the  honour.  Sir,  to  be. 
Tour  obedient  servant, 
Joseph  Cornish, 

Hon.  Secretary. 
The  Secretary  of  the 
Boyal  Commission  on  Education. 

"  That  this  Association  strongly  deprecates  the  pro- 
posed re-opening  of  the  settlement  arrived  at  as  to  the 
religious  difficulty  in  the  passing  of  the  Education  Act, 
believing  that  that  settlement  was  founded  on  iuBt  and 
equitable  principles,  and  has  proved  generaUy  satis- 
factory as  between  the  various  religious  Dodies. 


Appendixes  to  final  repokt. 


495 


001. 

Congregational  Union  of  England  and  Wales, 
Memorial  Hall  Farringdon  Street, 
SiK,  London,  B.C.,  17th  May  1888. 

I  ENCLOSE  on  the  fly-leaf  a  copy  of  a  resolution 
unanimously  adopted  by  our  Assembly  <aS  its  meeting 
on  the  Sth  instant, 

And  am, 

Tour  obedient  servant, 

Alexandeu  Hannay, 
Secretary, 
Per  Charles  Stancliff. 
To  the  Secretary  of 

The  Royal  Commission  on 
Elementary  Education. 

Resolution  mianimously  adopted  at  the  Assembly  of 
the  Congregational  Union  of  England  and  Wales, 
May  8,  1888. 

"  That  the  Assembly,  referring  to  opinions  expressed 
by  influential  persons  before  the  Royal  Commission  on 
Elementary  Education,  and  to  certain  signs  which 
indicate  approval  of  a  reactionary  policy  on  the  part  of 
a  majority  of  that  body,  protests  against  any  fresh  legis- 
lation by  which  the  restrictions  imposed  on  sectarian 
teaching  in  public  elementary  schools  by  the  Education 
Act  of  1870  should  be  abolished ;  by  which  provision 
should  be  made  for  the  support  of  denominational 
schools  out  of  the  rates  ;  or  by  which  contributors  to 
denominational  schools  should  be  exempted  from  pay- 
ment of  school  board  rates." 


con. 

BAfTisT  Union  of  Gkeat  Bbitain  and  Ireland. 

President.— Rev.  John    Clifi'ord,   M.A.,   LL.B.,  D.D., 

21,  Oastelhiin  Road,  Maida  Hill,  W. 

Secretary — Rev.  Samuel  Harris  Booth,  D.D., 

19,  Furaival  Street,  B.C. 

At  the  Annual  Assembly  held  in  London  on  the  26th 
April  1888  it  was— 

Resolved :— That  in  view  of  the  proposed  exten- 
sion of  the  system  of  State-aided  denominational 
elementary  day  schools,  the  Assembly  renews 
its  oft-repeated  protest  against  the  injustice  and 
inequalities  of  that  system,  and  specially  against 
the  project  of  giving  power  to  school  boards  to 
make  the  schools  under  their  control  sectarian. 
In  the  judgment  of  the  Assembly  the  time  has 
come  for  the  establishment  of  really  national 
elementary  day  schools,  under  which  no  grants 
should  be  made  from  the  public  funds  to  schools 
in  which  scholars  or  teachers  snfler  disadvantage 
in  consequence  of  religious  beliefs,  or  which  are 
not  under  public  control.  The  Assembly  in- 
structs the  Council  to  give  early  and  earnest 
consideration  to  the  forthcoming  report  of  the 
Education  Commission,  and  to  take  such  action 
as  circumstances  may  render  just  and  necessary 
in  the  interests  of  religions  equality. 

Samuel  Harris  Booth, 
Secretary. 


^  OF  THE       ^y^ 

UNIVERSITY 


LONDON:  Printed  by  Etre  and  Spotti  s  wooue, 

Fiiiiten  t<i  the  Queen's  most  Kxcellent  Majesty. 

For  Her  Majesty's  Stationery  Office. 


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Full text of "Elementary education acts. Appendix to the Final report of the Royal Commission appointed to inquire into the working of the Elementary education acts, England and Wales"

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