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EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 

MAGAZINE 

The  International  Authority  of  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 


The  iMost  Valuable 
Service  Sver  ^^B^dered 


in  the 


^^b^n 'Theatrical 

SMotion  Picture  Field 


^ad  all  about  it  on  Page  4 
of  this  issue 


16  cents  a  copy 


/ 


What 
Everyone 
Has  Been 


THE    LIVING 


Wait- 
ing 
for 

WORLD 


In  Four  Parts 

Released  December  First,  1920 
THE    SEQUEL    TO 

HOW     LIFE     BEGINS 

The  Film  lahich  convinced  the  leiorld  that  a  motion 
picture  rightly  made  truly  educates 

CAPTAIN  GEORGE  E.  STONE 

PRODUCES     ANOTHER     EPOCH-MAKING 
MASTERPIECE  OF  MICRO-PHOTOGRAPHY 

Other  Films 
Soon  To  Be  Released 

Heredity 4  reels  Circulation  of  the  Blood  3  reels 

The  Plant  World  ....  4  reels  Alcohol  and  Efficiency    3  reels 

Astronomy    4  reels      The  Teeth .^^  3  reels 

Sea  Birds  and  Young  .  2  reels  The  Poultry  Industry  .  2  reels 

FILMS  Now  Available 

Used  in  Visual  Instruction  Courses  of  the  New  York  City  Schools 

and  Elsewhere. 


How  Life  Begins   . 
Monarch  Butterfly 
Bumble  Bee 


4  reels      Honey  Bee 2  reels 

1  reel        Cell  Mitosis 1  reel 

1  reel        House  Fly    1  reel 


Onc-recl  films  also  available  on  Textiles,  Leather,  Rubber,  Furs,  Coal  and  Iron,  Minerals,  Tools  and  Machi- 
nery,  Electricity,   Farming,   and   many   other   subjects  of  vital  importance  in  the  school  curriculum. 

For  rental  and         >^^^^fek.  purchase  price  address 


^ 


cr' 


CARTER 


DISTRIBUTING 

220  West  42nd  Street 


CINEMA 


COMPANY 

New  York,  N.  Y. 


Telephone,  Bryant  7594-7595 


Q] 


Publl«lip<l  Mimtlily  by  Dolpli  Knxtmrin,  at  Wliltc  IMiilns.  N.  V.,  unci  3,1  Went  42cl  Street  (Aeolian  Hall),  New  York  City.  SuhsiTintimi  prii-o:  United 
Stntoi  nnil  piiMcnlona,  |l  n  year:  ntlicr  countrlen,  it  a  year;  itlnKic  coplcfi,  13  centn.  Application  for  entry  as  second  clii-ss  matter  at  the 
IHMtnfllre  nt   Wliltc  IMiilnn,  N,   Y„  pendinc     Copyriirht,   ISSO,  by  Dolpli  Eastman. 


ROBERTSON-COLE 

Scnools,  CKurcKes,  Secular  Societies  ana 
Institutions  of  all  Sorts  Can  Prepare  Motion 
Picture  Programs  RicK  in  Educational  and 
Entertainment  Value  03)  Using  Any  of  tne 
Following   Robertson-Cole    Subjects: 


CANNIBALS  OF  THE  SOUTH  SEAS  (in  5  R«u) 
CAPTURED  BY  CANNIBALS  (in  5  ReeU) 

Filmed    by    Martin    Johnson,    Famous    Explorer,    First    to    Photograph    the    Savages    of    the    Pacific 

Incomparable  for  Educational  Values 

MARTIM  JOHNSON'S  "On  the  Borderland  of  Civilization" 

One  Reel  Subjects — They  Tell  the  Story  of  the  South  Seas  in  Pictures 

THE  BRENTWOOD  SERIES 

Each  a  Qean,  Wholesome,  Entertaining  Story  in  Five  Reels 

•THE  BOTTOM  OF  THE  WORLD" 

Sir  Ernest  Shackleton's  thrilling  attempt  to  cross  the  South  Pole 

13  ONE  REEL  ADVENTURE  SCENlCS 

The  Finest  in  the  World 


489022 

Obtainable  at  any  of  these  ROBERTSON-COLE  Exchanges: 


TSt  Broadway 
lit   Marietta   St. 

S*  Church  St. 

215  Franklin  St. 

Consumers   BIdg. 


ALBANY 

ATLANTA 

BOSTON 

BUFFALO 

CHICAGO 

aNQNNATl 

Broadway  Film  Bldg. 
(Pioneer  St.  &  Bway.) 
CLEVELAND 

T90   Prospect   Ave. 
DALLAS  ISOT  Main  St. 

DENVER  nu  Welton  St. 

DETROIT     Bliz.  &  John  R.  Sts. 


INDIANAPOLIS 

11    W.    Maryland   St. 
KANSAS    CITY 

Ozark  Building  (928  Main  St.) 
LOS  ANGELES  82S  S.  Olive  St. 
MILWAUKEE 

SOI   Enterprise  Bldf. 
MINNEAPOLIS 

SOS  Loeb  Arcade  Bide. 
NEW    ORLEANS 

81  <   Perdido   St. 
NEW  YORK  ItOO  Broadway 

OKLAHOMA  CITY 

7  S.  Walker  St.,  Box  (78 


Robertson-Cole 


OMAHA  ISOt  Famum  St. 

PHILADELPHIA 

111*  Vine  St. 
PITTSBURGH 

121   Fourth  Ave. 
SAN  FRANQSCO 

177  Golden  Gate  Atc. 
ST.  LOUIS 

S«2S  Washington  Ave. 
SEATTLE  KSS  Third  Ave. 

SALT   LAKE   QTY 

12   Post   Office    PI. 
WASHINGTON 

•is    "G"    St..    N.    W. 


Paramount  Pictures  Available 
for  Non -Theatrical  Exhibition 

The  need  for  the  right  kind  of  motion  pictures  for  use  in 
schools,  churches  and  institutions  of  all  kinds  is  met  in  the  most 
practical  way  by  Famous  Players-Lasky  Corporation,  both  as  to 
the  kind  of  material  available  and  its  intrinsic  value. 

Whether  your  purpose  be  to  entertain,  educate  or  frankly  amuse 
you  will  find  the  best  of  its  kind  among  these  Paramount 
Pictures  at  a  price  you  can  pay. 


Full  information  and  sound  advice  on  your  motion  picture 
problems  can  be  had  from  the  Manager  of  the  Famous 
'Players-Lasky  Corporation  Exchange  in  the  following  cities : 


Denver,  Colo. 1747  Welton  St. 

New  Orleans,  La 814  Perdido  St. 

Chicago,  111 845  So.  Wabash  Ave. 

Des  Moines,  la 415  W.  8th  St. 

Cincinnati,  O 107  W.  3rd  St. 

Kansas  City,  Mo 2024  Broadway 

New  York 729  7th  Ave. 

San  Francisco 821  Market  St. 

Charlotte,  N.  C „ .,. 28  W.  4th  St. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 608  Ist  Ave.  N. 

PitUburgh,  Pa 1018  Forbes  St. 

Philadelphia,  Pa 1219  Vine  St 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 145  Franklin  St. 

Albany,  N.  Y .Z.33"Orange  St. 


New  Haven,  Conn 132  Meadow  St. 

Omaha.  Nebr 208  So.  13th  St. 

Detroit,  Mich 63  Elizabeth  St. 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah 133  E.  2nd  So.  St. 

Oklahoma  City,  Okla 128  W.  3rd  St. 

Washington,  D.  C 421  10th  St.  N.  W. 

Atlanta,  Ga 51  Luckie  St. 

St.  Louis,  Mo 3929  Olive  St. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal 112  W.  9th  St. 

Seattle,  Wash 2017  Third  Ave. 

Cleveland,  Ohio 811  Prospect  Ave. 

Dallas,  Texas  1S>02  Commerce  St. 

Boston,  Mass 8  Shawmut  St. 


FAMOUS  PLAYERS -LASRY  CORPORATION 

AXK>LPH  ZUKOR;>rf(  JBSSKL.LAftKYIA.vPm  CECIL  B  DC  MILLE  P/m^r&rflm/ 
'  Ntw  vonto  •  ' 


Published  Monthly  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  33  W.  42nd  Street,  New  York  City.     DO£P^H  EAJJTJWAN,    Editor  and  PublUher 
Subscription:  United   States  and   Possessions,  $1   a  year;  other  countries,  $2   a   year;  single  copies.   15   cents 
Advertising  rates  on  application.    Copyright,  1921,  by  Dolph  Eastjn^h.'  :  '' 


Vol.  V. 


JANUARY,  1921 


No.  1 


EDITORIAL    5 

We  Regin  Our  Third  Year— Why  Duplication? 

VISUAL  EDUCATION  AND  CHILD  PSYCHOLOGY  ....     6 

By  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann.  Ph.D.— Illustrated 

OKLAHOMA   HIGH  SCHOOL  CONFERENCE  7 

CONNECTICUT  MAN  GIVES  THE  MOVIE  A  VOICE  ....     8 

Illuttrated 

ILLINOIS  TEACHERS'  ASS'N  INDORSES  MOVIES  ....     9 

THE  PARENT,  THE  CHILD,  AND  THE  SCHOOL  10 

EUROPEAN  BOY  SCOUT  PICTURES  10 

COMMUNITY  MOVIES  IN  OMAHA  CHURCH  11 

FILM  SCHOOLS  IN  FIVE  CHICAGO  ARMORIES  11 

SUNDAY  MUNICIPAL  MOVIES  IN  ATLANTA 12 

MAYOR  STOPS  MOVIE  SERIALS  12  -^Carter  Cinema  Co. 

Inside  front  cover 

FILMING  NEBRASKA  FROM  AN  AIRPLANE  13      RoberUon-Cole    l 

„  .  ^ Famous  Players-Laslcy    2 

CANCER  OPERATION  FILMED  IN  DETAIL  13      Loose^Leaf  Catalog 4 

"THE     GREATEST     FORCE     FOR     GOOD     OUTSIDE  Iil«tTBoow!!l'^Se^ice  ^. . , . ." 

THE     CHURCH"     14       N.  Y.  institute  of  Photography  .22 


IN  THIS  ISSUE 

MOVIES    FOR    KIDDIES  — WHAT    SHALL    WE    DO 

ABOUT  IT?    15 

By  Mrs.  Woodallen   Oiapman 

REVIEWS   OF   FILMS u 

By  Gladys  Bolbaan— Illustrated 

The  Judgment  of  the  Deep—A  Trip  to  Mars  (By  Dolph 
Kastman)—i)mtv— Conrad  in  Quest  of  His  Youth— Dom- 
bey  and  Son— Social  Hygiene  for  Women— Sunrise  for  the 
Mono— A  Modem  Ruth — The  Last  of  the  Mohicans 

GRAPHOSCOPE'S  OWN  FILM  SERVICE  20 

Illustrated 

URBAN  INSTITUTE  20 

Illustrated 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN  22 

THE  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  IN  GERMANY  23 

By  Paul  P.  Foster— Conclusion 

Advertisements 


Radio-Mat  Slide  Co 2* 

W.  O.  Owen  Si 

Lifshey  &  Brown   28 

Carlyle  Ellis    2« 

Eastman  Kodak  Co 24 

Cosmograph  M.  P.  Machine  Co.  .24 
Burke  &  James,  Inc. 

Inside  back  cover 
Kineto  Co.  of  America  .Back  cover 


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(Copyright  1921  by  Educational  Film  Magazine) 
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Name   Home  -Address    

City  and  State Position  


Established  January,  1919 


AL 


The  International  Authority  of  the  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 

Covering  Educational,  Scientific,  Agricultural,  Literary,    Historical,   Juvenile.   Govermental,  Religious,   Travel 

Scenic,  Social  Welfare,  Industrial,  and  Cultural  Motion  Pictures 

PublUhed  Monthly  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  SS  West    4Snd    Street     (Aeolian    Hall),    New     York    City 

DOLPH  EASTMAN,    Editor  and  Puhlisher 


Vol.  V. 


JANUARY,  1921 


No.  1 


WE  BEGIN  OUR  THIRD  YEAR 

EDUCATIONAL  Film  Magazine  has  closed 
its  second  year  of  existence  and  has  entered 
upon  its  third.  Looking  back  over  that 
stretch  of  twenty-four  months  and  the  months 
of  preliminary  effort  before  the  first  issue  timidly 
crawled  into  the  light,  we  can  heave  a  grateful  sigh 
of  relief  that  the  period  of  struggle  is  about  over. 
It  was  a  steep  grade  and  a  rocky  hill,  but  we  climbed 
it.  And  now  that  we  are  at  the  brow  of  the  hill  and 
can  see  some  of  the  surrounding  coimtry  and  the  vast 
expanse  leading  on  and  on,  up  still  higher  hills,  into 
the  rarer  region  of  cloud-topped  mountains,  what 
shall  we  say  of  the  future?  Whither  will  it  take 
us — whither  are  the  educational  motion  picture  and 
its  sponsors  headed? 

For,  as  we  havfe  said  before,  the  future   of  the 
educational  or  serious-purpose  film  and  the  future 
of  this   magazine   are   inevitably    and    inextricably 
bound  together.     Whether  we  are  to  lead  or  to  fol- 
low depends  upon  developments  within  the  next  year 
or  two.     Just  now  it  looks  as  though  Educational 
i  Film  Magazine  would  take  the  initiative  in  many 
I  of  the  vital  movements  for  visual  education,  insofar 
I  as  an  organ  of  this  character  can  and  should.     An 
1  instance  of  this  leadership  is  found  in  our  recently 
I  formed  association  with  the  General  Federation  of 
!  Women's  Clubs,  a  national  organization  of  2,500,000 
'  women  represented  by  some  50,000  clubs  through- 
out the  United  States.     Their  national  chairman  of 
motion  pictures  is  editing  our  department  "Woman 
i  and  the  Film"  and  contributing  to  it  each  month  con- 
i  structively  valuable   ideas    and    suggestions    to    be 
!  brought  before  thousands  of  the  leading  women  of 
!  the  land. 

Another  instance  of  our  desire  to  serve,  and  not 
to  be  served,  is  the  announcement  in  this  issue,  for 
the  first  time  in  motion  picture  and  lantern  slide 
history,  of  a  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information 
Service  devoted  to  the  complete,  accurate,  and  up- 


to-date  listing  of  all  available  films  and  slide  sets 
in  our  field,  producers,  distributors,  exchanges,  ap- 
paratus and  accessories  of  all  kinds,  and  an  indi- 
vidual service,  necessarily  limited  to  subscribers,  on 
any  subject  or  problem  requiring  more  detailed  or 
specific  information.  We  hope  that  the  efforts  of 
our  Catalog  Department,  Special  Service  Department, 
and  Information  Bureau,  which  have  brought  about 
this  important  innovation,  will  meet  with  the  re- 
sponse from  our  present  and  prospective  subscribers 
which  they  merit. 

Within  the  near  future  we  expect  to  make  other* 
announcements  of  keen  interest  and  value  to  our 
readers  and  advertisers — forward  steps  which  will, 
we  believe,  have  no  small  bearing  upon  immediate 
and  forthcoming  developments  in  the  non-theatrical 
motion  picture  field  and  in  the  growing  movement 
for  visual  education. 

WHY  DUPLICATION? 

IN  the  article  on  "The  Educational  Film  in  Ger- 
many" by  Paul  P.  Foster,  begun  in  our  Decem- 
ber number  and  completed  in  this  issue,  it  was  stated 
•that  "the  producing  companies  are  careful  to  avoid 
duplication,  and  if  one  firm  plans  a  series  of  natural 
history  subjects,  for  example,  its  competitors  avoid 
that  particular  field  and  select  another." 

Shall  Germany,  our  late  enemy,  point  the  way 
for  our  educational  film  producers  in  this  respect? 
Must  the  latter  persist  in  needless  and  wasteful  dup- 
lication of  effort?  Let  them  specialize,  as  the  mem- 
bers of  other  trades  and  profession  do,  in  that  par- 
ticular line  of  effort  which  that  particular  individual 
or  organization  knows  best  or  is  best  fitted  to  handle 
from  training  and  experience  directed  towards  such 
end.  Let  us  not  have  duplication  of  even  the  smallest 
part  of  a  reel,  for  it  should  be  an  easy  matter  to  ob- 
tain the  use  of  a  bit  of  negative  and  intelligent  co- 
operation is  far  better  for  all  concerned  than  costly 
and  wasteful  competition. 


VISUAL  EDUCATION  AND  CHILD  PSYCHOLOGY 

Typical  Mental  Reactions  to  Various  Types  of  Motion  Picture 

Stimuli — Care    Needed    in   Selecting    and    Producing 

Films  for  Children  from  Babyhood  to  Adolescence 

By  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Ph.  D. 

Educational    Director    of    tlie    National    Association    for    tlie    Study    and 
Education   of    Exceptional    Cliildren 


THE  iiiovenient  for  the  advancement  of  visual  educa- 
tion is  in  the  nature  of  a  pedagogical  revolution, 
if  we  take  the  term  "visual"  in  its  widest  sense. 
Visual  education  includes  not  merely  screen  pictures, 
still  or  moving,  but  actual  visualization  of  the  objects  of 
study,  be  they  mere  single  things,  or  groups  of  things, 
or  actions  and  activities,  or  expressions  of 
emotion  and  ideals.  ,^    _^ 

We  are  living  in  an  age  of  visualization.  ^^-^fr" 
The  oral  age  of  old  is  giving  place  more  and 
more  to  a  period  in  which  a  vast  number  of 
things  must  be  visualized  to  become  mental 
possessions.  The  complexity  of  modern  life 
demands  the  extension  of  our  avenues  of 
learning  into  the  infinite  possibilities  of 
visualization.  It  has  been  shown  that 
individuals  wilh  physiologically  exceptional 
powers  of  visualization  have  a  great  ad- 
vantage over  those  who  have 
not. 

Visual  education  demands 
the  presentation  of  objects 
instead, of,  or  in  addition  to, 
the  printed,  or  written,  or 
spoken  symbols  of  these  ob- 
jects. It  implies  object 
teaching.  Where  the  object 
itself  is  not  available,  its 
picture  may  be  substituted. 
Here  we  have  the  great  field 
of  visits  to  museums.  Al- 
ready, our  schools  have  be- 
gun— alas,  on  a  small  scale 
only — to  take  the  children  to 
the  American  Museum  of 
Natural  History  and  to  the 
Metropolitan  Museum  of 
Art  where  marvelous  stores  of  things  and  pictures 
appeal  to  the  eyes  and  minds  of  the  observers.  History, 
geography,  natural  science,  and  many  other  elements  of 
culture  can  here  be  taught  in  forcible  manner.  The  schools 
themselves  should  be  equipped  with  suck  objective  ma'.erial 
as  can  be  obtained.  ■ 

The  visual  study  of  art  is  not  merely  an  instruction  in 
the  appreciation  of  the  beauty  of  form  and  color,  of  coin- 
position  and  technique;  but  it  leads  naturally  to  a  study 
of  the  expression  of  human  emotion,  of  ideas  and  ideals. 
of  human  relationships,  not  merely  among  individuals,  but 
between  races  and  nati()ii>.  It  has  its  historical  and  geo- 
graphical as  well  as  its  sociological  and  even  political 
value.     It  opens  up  a  wide  field  of  visual  education. 

It  goes  without  .saying  thai  where  the  original  painting 
or  sculpture,  or  treasure  of  the  kind  which  the  Natural 
History  Muoeum  offers,  is  not  available,  the  screen  repro- 


rjR.  MAXIMILIAN  1'.  E.  (iUOSZMANN  was  born  In  Prussia  in  1855.  "He 
lectured  at  the  age  of  IB.  studied  medicine  at  the  University  of 
(«riefs\\aid.  and  came  to  the  United  States' in  1876.  New  Y'ork  University 
conferred  upon  him  the  deRreo  of  Doctor  of  Pedagogy  and  Psychology. 
Prom  1870  to  1880  he  was  active  as  a  teacher  and  lecturer.  From  1890 
to  1897  he  was  director  of  the  Ethical  Culture  Shool.  New  Vork  City.  In 
1905  Dr.  Groszmann  founded  the  National  .\ssociation  for  the  Study  and 
Education  of  Exccntional  Children.  For  more  than  ten  years  lie  was 
editor  of  Erziehungshla;ter  (Ciennan-American  Journal  of  Education). 
Dr.  Groszmann  is  an  associate  member  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Medicine.  He  is  the  author  of  the  well-known  iKKik  "The  Exceptional 
Cliild,"  published  by  Oiarles  Scrlbner's  Sons,    New  York. 


duction  is  of  the  greatest  significance.     We  can  bring  the 
museums  right  into  the  child's  school  room,  yes,  into  his, 
home,   in   this   manner.     Screen   reproductions   are  mostly  i 
far  superior  to  small  photographs  or  prints.     But  it  must* 
be   said  that   this   substitution   of   a   reproduction   for  the 
original    is    allowable   only   when   the   original   cannot   be 
approached.     This  caution  is  needed  in  an- 
■"^  other  field. 


What  Industrial  Films  Do  for  the  Child 

Visual  education,  I  have  said,  is  in  the 
nature  of  object  teaching.  This  includes 
"learning  by  doing,"  or  the  manual  method 
of  education.  The  vast  province  of  Indus 
trial  activities  offers  tremendous  and  very  im 
portant  appeals  to  the  child's  mind.  Unless 
he  understands  the  development  of  the  in 
dustrial  aris  he  will  not  understand  civiliza 
tion. 

Manual  training,  which  iS 
motor  training  in  addition  to 
visual  training,  has  been  in 
troduced  more  or  less,  most- 
ly less,  organically  into  thf 
curricula  of  our  schools. 
The  child,  in  his  own  small 
way,  reconstructs  some  ol 
the  typical  manual  conquests 
of  the  race.  He  cannol 
thus  embrace  the  whole 
field.  Much  of  this  indiis 
trial  activity  can  come  to  hinj 
only  vicariously;  through 
what  he  sees  others  do. 
Here,  again,  the  film  has 
(ome  to  the  rescue;  there  aix^ 
films  which  exhibit  the  pi 
cess  of  manufacture,  from  the  gathering  or  production  ofi 
the  raw  material  up  to  the  finished  product.  This  is  good, 
as  far  as  it  goes.  But  let  us  remember  that  here  we  have 
again  only  the  substitution  of  the  picture  for  the  real 
thing.  It  is  much  more  helpful  to  take  the  pupils  right  intci 
the  mines  and  fields,  the  factories  and  workshops,  so  thali 
they  may  visualize  the  actual  activities  in  industry — th« 
film  should  be  used  only  when  such  visits  cannot  hf 
organized. 


Child  Reactions  to  Dramatic  Films 

.1 

Again,  the  dramatic  film,  using  this  term  in  its  wides 
application,  is  a  substitute  for  the  active  life  experiencec 
of  the  child.  Unfortunately,  many  of  our  children  live  ii 
an  environment  where  they  experience  many  dramas,  am 
even  tragedies,  of  everyday  life.     This  is  true  even  of  lli' 


child  in  tiie  wealthy  home,  not  merely  of  the  child  of  the 
slums.  Luckily,  the  normal  child  can  shake  off  tlie  de- 
pressing effects  of  such  experiences  more  readily  than  we 
may  think.  Yet,  there  is  much  unhealthy  influence  and 
emotional  strain.  The  child  needs,  therefore,  dramatic  ex- 
periences which  lift  him  up  into  a  clearer,  less  surcharged 
atmosphere.     Here,  the  comic  picture  comes  in. 

Of  course,  any  kind  of  human  drama  on  the  screen  which 
can  give  relief  to  the  longings  of  the  child  mind  for  con- 
structive and  wholesome  excitement  is  welcome.  The  film 
drama  will  open  up  to  the  child  a  great  field  of  human 
possibilities  which  he  will  wish  to  explore.  The  stage,  like 
the  film,  or  vice-versa,  offers  to  him  what  a  great  educator 
has  called  "vicarious  experience" — ^he  learns  from  the  hap- 
penings in  other  lives  what  may  happen  to  him.  The  motion 
picture,  in  taking  the  place  of  the  spoken  drama,  fills  an 
important  place;  it  is  more  than  a  visual  presentation — not 
merely  an  object  lesson.  As  it  absorbs  the  child's  interest 
and  attention,  it  makes  him,  as  it  were,  a  participant  in 
the  events  he  witnesses,  and  thus  means  a  real  experience, 
much  more  vivid  than  a  story  he  reads  or  is  told. 

But  ihese  are  all  generalities.  The  real  problem  comes 
in  when  we  wish  to  apply  these  facts  to  the  individual  child. 
■The  present  school  education  ignores  not  only  the  great  need 
of  the  child  to  deal,  first,  with  the  actualities  of  objects 
apd  experiences,  so  that,  as  stated  in  the  beginning,  the 
movement  for  visual  education  is  really  a  subversion  of  the 
'scholastic  methods  of  today  (a  heritage  from  the  middle 
.ages),  but  it  also  treats  children  too  much  en  masse,  neglect- 
ing the  needs  of  the  individual. 

Careful  Selection  and  Production  Needed 

This  individualization  of  visual  education  can  here  only 
^e  touched  upon  in  passing,  for  we  have  as  yet  too  little 
knowJedge  of  the  effect  which  the  movies  have  upon  the 
individual  child.  Hardly  any  studies  have  been  made  in 
this  direction. 

•    But  we  may  certainly   point  to  various  other   needs   in 

this  connection.     There  is  the  sexual  difference.     Boys  and 

girls  are  certainly  differently  affected,  but  we  have  made  no 

[effort   to   meet    this    fact.     Again,    it    is   a   matter    of    age 

groups.     In  schools,  the  instructive  film  material  is  roughly 

traded  in  accordance  with   the  curriculum  of  the  school 

T-not  always  very  wisely,  but  there  is  at  least  the  attempt. 

The  school  grade  is  supposed  to  correspond  to  the  age, 

jr  at  least  to  the  maturity  of  the  child.     But  our  theatrical 

liid  non-theatrical    motion   picture   shows   make   no   effort 

o"  discriminate  between  what  the  baby  in  his  mother's  arms, 

>r-  the  pre-school  period  child,  or  the  primary  pupil,  may 

||Ueed  and  care  for,  and  what  the  child  of  pre-adolescent  or 

,idolescent   age  should  have  presented   to  him   or   to  her. 

The  question  of  selecting  the  right  kind  of  films,  or  of 

iroducing  a  new  type  of  films,  for  use  in  the  visual  educa- 

ion  of  the  child,  requires  many  answers.     The  study  of  the 

jfiiiroblem  is  in  its  infancy,  just  as  is  the  study  of  educational 

i'.iroblems   in   general.      The   psychologic   attitude   towards 

lese  questions  is  but  slowly  developing.     But  unless  we 

,, ;  pproach    them    in    this    spirit,    the    movement    will    be    a 

I, !  jilure. 


OKLAHOMA  HIGH  SCHOOL  CONFERENCE 

Many   Instructional   Films  Screened  and  Comprehensive  Ex- 
hibit   of    Visual    Instruction    Equipment — Statewide 
Visual   EUlucation    Association    Planned 

VISUAL  education  came  in  for  a  large  share  of  the 
program  at  the  Oklahoma  High  School  Conference 
held  at  the  University  of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Okla- 
homa, on  November  4,  5  and  6.  On  the  evening  of  No- 
vember 4  there  was  a  showing  of  films;  the  next  afternoon 
Prof.  J.  W.  Shepherd,  Director  of  Visual  Education  of 
the  University  of  Oklahoma,  spoke  on  "Can  the  Motion 
Picture  Educate?"  and  there  was  an  address  by  Dr.  H. 
B.  Lemon  of  the  University  of  Chicago.  The  subject  of 
"Visual  Methods  in  Oklahoma  Schools"  was  covered  in 
a  general  report  and  discussion  by  J.  R.  Barton,  superin- 
tendent, Sapulpa,  Okla. ;  Floyd  E.  Miller,  superintendent, 
Jenks,  Okla.;  C.  H.  Woodruff,  principal,  Ardmore,  Okla.; 
and  Dr.  J.  W.  Scroggs,  of  Oklahoma  University.  On  the 
evening  of  November  5  motion  pictures  were  again  shown. 

At  the  round  table  on  the  afternoon  of  November  5 
discussion  of  the  subject  "Where  and  How  Can  We  Get 
Satisfactory  Films?"  was  led  by  Prof.  Shepherd.  The 
outcome  of  this  conference  was  a  plan  for  statewide  organ- 
ization of  a  visual  education  association. 

The  motion  picture  program  for  Thursday  night,  No- 
vember 4,  was  as  follows: 

The    Why    of    a    Volcano — Educational    Films    Corporation. 

Why  We  Breathe  and  Ho^: — Picture  Service  Bureau. 

Hello  Mars  and  Cartoon:  Out  of  the  Inkwell — Bray  Pictures 
Corporation, 

Magic  Clay — in  colors — Prizma,  Inc. 

Tunneling  Under  the  Eatt  River — Community  Motion  Picture 
Bureau. 

A  Nurse  Among  the  Teepees — Carlyle  Ellis. 

The  motion  picture  program  for  Friday  night,  Novem- 
ber 5,  was  as  follows: 

Study  of  Glaciers — Society  for  Visual  Education. 

Through  Life's  Windows — Worcester  Film  Corporation. 

Delco-Light  Plant  (Gasoline  Engine) — Picture  Service  Bureau. 

A  Day  with  John  Burroughs — Prizma,  Inc. 

French  Exploration — Society  for  Visual  Education. 

Snow  Crystals — Bray  Pictures  Corporation. 

Aesthetic  Dancing    (Slow   Motion) — Patli^  Exchange. 

Magic  Clay  (Repeated  by  request) — Prizma,  Inc. 

Circulation  of  the  Blood — Scientific  Film  Company. 

A  unique  feature  of  these  evening  programs  was  the 
fact  that  these  films  were  shown  from  machines  operated 
on  a  platform  in  the  middle  of  the  auditorium,  in  plain 
view  of  the  audience.  Most  of  the  films  were  run  through 
the  Simplex  and  Powers  machines,  one  each  being  run 
through  the  De  Vry  and  Zenith.  In  the  display  room  of 
the  library  there  was  an  exhibit  of  stereopticons,  portable 
motion  picture  machines,  reflectoscopes,  stereographs,  ste- 
reoscopes, lantern  slides,  pictures  and  art  prints. 

CLASSROOJVLFILMS  IN  DUBUQUE  SCHOOLS 
"IT'OUR  sets  Oi...4^Ps  on  United  States  history,  geography, 
civics,  and  health  and  sanitation,  produced  by  the 
Society  for  Visual  Education,  Chicago,  are  in  use  at  the 
Lincoln  and  Irving  Schools  in  Dubuque,  Iowa,  and  in  two 
Other  local  schools.  The  pictures  were  first  shown  to 
the  entire  body  of  teachers  of  the  city  and  later  to  the 
pupils  in  the  classrooms.  The  history  film  presents  in  ani- 
mated diagrams  £md  photographs  the  story  of  French 
explorations  in  North  America,  and  the  geography  film 
depicts  the  formation,  movements,  and  effects  of  glaciers. 
The  pictures  are  said  to  be  correlated  to  some  textbooks 
and  the  method  of  using  them  carefully  worked  out. 


CONNECTICUT  MAN  GIVES  THE  MOVIE  A  VOICE 


Prof.   William    H.    Bristol,    Instrument   Maker    and    Former 
Mathematics    Instructor    at    Stevens     Institute,     Demon- 
strates Perfect  Synchronization  of  Film  and  Phonograph 
Record   Before   the    American    Society   of   Mechanical 
Engineers — Ingenious  Devices  Take  Care  of  Breaks 
in     Film — To     Be     Marketed     Commercially — 
Educational  Possibilities 


WHAT  Edison  through  nineteen  long  years  failed 
to  accomplish — what  many  courageous  inventors 
including  Muybridge,  Gaumont,  Reis  and  others 
failed  to  accomplish — has  seemingly  been 
achieved  by  William  H.  Bristol,  president  of  The  Bristol 
Company,  of  Waterbury,  Connecticut,  a  manufacturer  of 
recording  instruments  and  former 
professor  of  mathematics  at 
Stevens  Institute  of  Technology. 
For  Prof.  Bristol  has  harnessed 
the  talking  machine  and  the  mo- 
tion picture  projection  machine 
together  in  such  a  way  that  the 
synchronization  of  sound  from 
the  disc  record  and  of  light  from 
the  moving  film  is  perfect,  even 
to  the  tiniest  fraction  of  a  sec- 
ond. One  can  almost  hear  the 
speaker  on  the  screen  draw 
breath  in  preparation  for  voic- 
ing his  next  sentence  and  minute 
attention  to  the  formation  of 
vowels,  consonants  and  aspirants 
in  the  mouth  and  on  the  lips  of 
the  speaker  discloses  no  percep- 
tible variation  in  synchroniza- 
tion. 

In  this  new  apparatus,  which 
is  said  to  be  commercially  prac- 
ticable, the  inventor  instead  of  at- 
tempting to  control  the  phono- 
graphic part  from  the  motion 
picture  projector  has  reversed 
the  process  and  obtains  his  con- 
trol electrically  from  the  steel  needle  on  the  hard  rubber 
disc  of  the  talking  machine.  In  short,  the  projector  can- 
not operate  and  the  picture  cannot  show  on  the  screen  until 
and  unless  the  phonograph  is  wound  up  and  the  disc  is 
actually  whirling  under  the  stylus — a  new  and  revolution- 
ary principle  which  may  at  last  place  the  Bristol  system 
upon  the  market  as  a  commercial  proposition  with  all  of 
its  vast  possibilities. 

Three  other  features  not  found  in  any  other  system  of 
light-and-sound  harmonization   are  vital  to  the  successful 


A  POWER  motion  picture  projector  linked  up  with  tlie  Bristol 
^  electric  phonographic  appiiratus.  Note  the  synchronUinir 
device  on  the  floor  directly  l)eneath  the  projector;  also  the 
handle  just  below  the  lamphouse,  connected  by  a  flexible  shaft 
to  the  synchronizer,  enabllni^  the  projectionist  to  advance  or 
retard  the  film  at  will. 


Strides  must  be   obvious   to  engineers   and  technicians   in 
both  the  motion  picture  and  talking  machine  fields. 

Prof.  Bristol  has  a  laboratory  in  Waterbury  in  which, 
with  the  assistance  of  friends,  he  made  both  experimental 
films  and  records  which  were  first  shown  in  that  city.  Early 
in  December  he  brought  his  apparatus,  films  and  records 

to  New  York  City  and  demon- 
strated his  invention  on  two  oc- 
casions before  the  members  of 
The  American  Society  of  Mechan- 
ical Engineers,  of  which  he  is 
also  a  member.  The  demonstra- 
tions were  in  every  way  success- 
ful and  many  of  the  engineers 
crowded  around  the  inventor 
afterward  and  congratulated  him 
on  his  achievement.  Already 
plans  are  under  way  to  place 
the  device  on  the  market  on  a 
large  scale. 

Three  films  were  screened  in 
the  auditorium  of  the  Engineer- 
ing   Building,     29    West     SOlh, 
Street,  to  show  the  perfection  at- 
tained in  synchronization  and  a 
few  of  the  possibilities  of  the  in 
vention.     The    first   was    of   the-, 
retiring    president    of   the    engi-i 
neers'   society   delivering  a   poi-° 
tion  of  his  address  on  the  occa- 
sion of  the  fortieth  anniversary'; 
of  the  founding  of  the  organiza-: 
lion.      The   second    was   a    brief 
^  oration  on  "The  American  Flaj;'" 
followed     by     the     singing     of     "The     Star     Spangled, 
Banner"     accompanied     by     piano     and     violin.       Thel 
third   was     a     humorous     talk     on     "How     to     Reduca 
the  High  Cost  of  Living,"  with  an  exhibit  of  magic  coni  \ 
verting  a  half  ounce  of  cotton   (one  cent's  worth)    into  a; 
pint  of  milk  at  16  cents  a  quart.     At  the  conclusion  oi 
each  demonstration  there  was  prolonged  applause  from  the 
engineers  and  invited  spectators  present.     It  was  generalljj 
agreed  among  them  that  Prof.   Bristol   had   accomplishee 
the  seemingly  impossible,  and  they  could  find  no  seriou!' 


operation    of    the    Bristol    system,    namely:    an    automatic     flaws  either  in  the  principle  on  which  he  had  worked  oi 


device  for  restoring  synchronization  after  breaks  occur 
in  the  film;  a  clock  system  shown  on  the  film  itself,  by 
which  the  number  of  frames  necessary  to  restore  the  or- 
iginal parallelism  of  projected  light  and  transmitted  sound 
can  be  determined  accurately;  and  a  new  method  of  re- 
cording sound  waves  from  a  distance,  which  enables  the 
inventor  to  work  in  complete  harmony  with  the  motion 
picture  camera,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  making  the 
phonographic  record  separately  from  the  taking  of  the 
picture.     The   great   advantages   of   all    of  these   forward 


in  the  method  he  had  employed  to  apply  that  principle, 

Speaking  of  his  invention  to-  a  representative  of  tW 
Educational  Film  Magazine,  Prof.  Bristol  said: 

"It  is  well  known  that  many  inventors  and  engineers  ha\i 
for  years  been  working  on  the  problem  of  synchronising  the  void 
and  soimd  witli  motion  pictures,  liiit  up  to  the  present  time  noiv 
of  the  many  devices  that  have  been  proposed  and  tried  out  lui 
proved  a  commercial  success. 

"In  the  new  set  of  apparatus  which  is  here  described  for  pm 
ducing  talking  moving  pictures  the  motions  of  the  lips  in  the  pic 
turcs  synchronize  so  i)erfcctly  witli  tlie  words  from  a  j)honogra]>l 
record  tliat  tlicy  actually  seem  to  come  from  the  lips  of  the  persoi 
speaking   in    tlie    i>icture.     The   writer   has    made    a   specialty   o 


8 


designing  and  manufacturing  recording  instruments  for  pres- 
sure, temperature,  electricity,  etc.,  for  the  past  thirty  years  and 
now  is  taking  another  step  forward  in  worlting  out  the  apparatus 
which  records  simultaneously  what  is  seen  and  heard  so  that  both 
the  phonograph  and  the  sound  record  can  be  reproduced  at  any 
future  time  in  any  place  or  number  of  places.  The  illustration 
shows  the  complete  mechanism  for  reproducing  the  moving  picture 
and  its  sound  record. 

"A  standard  motion  projector  forms  the  largest  part  of  the 
apparatus.  The  two  parts  added  for  the  talking  pictures  are  the 
synchronizing  device  located  on  the  floor  beneath  the  projector 
and  the  special  phonograph  shown  on  tlie  left  side  of  the  illustra- 
tion. For  operation  the  phonograph  is  locatetl  near  the  screen. 
The  plionograph  disc  is  revolved  in  the  usual  manner  by  a 
spring  motor;  alternating  current  of  any  conunercial  frequency  is 
led  into  the  electrical  transmitting  part  of  the  phonograph 
which  in  turn  sends  the  necessary  current  through  conducting 
wires  to  the  synchronizing  receiver  in  the  projecting  booth  when 
the  phonograph  is  running.  This  receiver  forms  the  right  hand 
part  of  the  synchronizing  device.  The  rota  of  this  receiver  re- 
volves at  the  same  speed  as  the  phonograph  turn  table  and  con- 
trols the  power  delivered  by  the  one-sixth  horse  power  electric 
motor  shown  on  the  left  hand  side  of  the  synchronizing  device, 
to  the  hydraulic  speed  gear  located  between  the  motor  and  the 
receiving  synchronizer. 

"The  connection  between  the  hydraulic  speed  gear  and  the 
projector  is  made  through  a  vertical  shaft  having  two  universal 
joints  and  a  telescope  sleeve  joint  which  permits  the  synchronizing 
mechanism  to  be  quickly  applied  to  the  projector  without  any 
special  alignment  either  laterally  or  vertically. 

"One  of  the  difficulties  in  making  the  talking  moving  pictures 
has  been  the  inability  to  re-synchronize  in  case  of  a  false  start 
or  where  a  piece  of  the  film  has  been  repaired  and  a  portion 
omitted.  To  meet  these  possible  conditions  there  is  provided  a 
convenient  means  for  the  operator  to  quickly  retard  or  advance 
the  film  the  necessary  amount  to  bring  tlie  pictures  and  sound 
together  while  the  apparatus  is  in  operation.  The  mechanism  for 
accomplishing  this  consists  6f  a  handle  as  shown  just  below 
the  lamphouse  of  the  projector,  within  easy  reach  of  the 
operator's  hand,  which  is  connected  by  a  flexible  shaft  through  a 
worm  and  gear  to  the  stator  frame  of  the  receiver  of  the  syn- 
chronized. 

"This  stator  frame  is  mounted  on  bearings  permitting  the 
rotation  of  this  stator  frame  in  either  direction  independent  of 
the  rota. 

"The  ratio  of  the  worm  and  gear  are  such  that  one  revolution 
of  the  handle  will  advance  or  retard  the  film  one  picture  accord- 
ing as  the  stator  frame  is  rotated  in  the  opposite  or  same  direc- 
tion as  the  rota  is  being  revolved  by  the  phonograph. 

"In  designing  the  various  parts  of  the  mechanism  for  this 
system  of  talking  motion  pictures,  special  effort  has  been  given 
to  make  every  part  of  the  apparatus  simple  and  practicable. 

"The  possible  uses  and  applications  of  talking  motion  pictures 
for  educational  and  entertainment  purposes  can  be  only  partially 
realized  after  witnessing  demonstrations  of  the  outfit.  It  is 
hoped  that  the  apparatus  will  prove  to  be  of  commercial  value." 

(Prof.  Bristol  suggests  that  some  of  our  readers  may  wish  to 
offer  ideas  on  the  use  of  the  talking  pictures  In  the  systematic 
study  of  different  subjects  in  schools  and  colleges.  For  example, 
,a  lecture  in  physics  or  chemistry  might  be  prepared  with  appara- 
tus and  experiments  by  a  recognized  authority  and  then  this 
lecture  together  with  the  film — a  standard  of  its  kind — might  be 
given  in  a  hundred  colleges  at  the  same  time.  Both  oral  and 
visual  courses  of  study  in  history,  geography,  and  other  topics 
might  be  arranged  as  standard  courses  to  be  given  in  thousands  of 
classrooms  at  the  same  time,  thus  saving  time,  effort,  and  per- 
haps many  thousands  of  dollars  to  the  schools.. 

This  new  synchronizing  apparatus  may  also  t>e  used  for  auto- 
matic musical   instruments,  so   that   while  the  phonograph  sings 
t  the  song  a  player  piano  or  organ  will  furnish  the  accompaniment. 
I      What  ideas  or  plans  have  our  readers  to  offer  in  connection 
I  with  the  Bristol  talking  and  musical  movies? — Editor.) 

WW 
I    12,000  REELS  FOR  NAVY'S  'FRISCO  EXCHANGE 

'\  'T'WELVE  thousand  motion  picture  reels  from  the  Brook- 
I  lyn  exchange  are  "now  en  route  to  the  United  States 

'\  Navy  training  station  on  Goat  Island,  San  Francisco  Bay, 
•  where  the  Pacific  Coast  Navy  Motion  Picture  Exchange  is 
;  being  established  for  the  accommodation  of  the  fleet  and  all 
I  bases  of  the  Pacific  Ocean,  according  to  officials  at  the 
Twelfth  Naval  District  Headquarters,  San  Francisco.  In 
.  ■  the  future  all  vessels  and  bases  of  the  Pacific  equipped  with 
[picture  projectors  will  deal  directly  through  the  navy's 
i;  exchanges. 


ILL.  TEACHERS'  ASS'N  INDORSES  MOVIES 

Will  Recommend  To  Local  School  Boards  Immediate  Action 

— W.  M.  Gregory  of  Cleveland  Foresees  Films  With 

"Even  Balance  of  Punch  and  Educationalism" 

WHAT  school  child  would  not  rather  see  on  the  movie 
screen  Caesar  slain  on  the  Ides  of  March;  the  Queen 
of  Sheba  on  her  memorable  visit  to  the  sage  Solo- 
mon; King  Richard  III.  in  his  sensational  wooing  of  Anne 
over  the  coffin  of  her  husband;  the  war  of  roses,  and  other 
famous  events  of  history — what  child,  history,  science  and 
mathematic  teachers  say,  would  not  rather  visualize  these 
facts  than  read  them?  The  question  was  answered  re- 
cently at  Englewood  High  School,  Chicago,  where  the 
Illinois  Teachers'  Association  convened  for  a  two  day  ses- 
sion, by  an  endorsement  of  movies  in  the  school. 

Not  only  do  teachers  advocate  historical  events  on  the 
screen  rather  than  on  the  printed  page,  but  they  say  that 
children  at  school  will  remember  better  certain  microbes, 
facts  in  civics,  how  to  make  certain  chemical  tests,  etc.,  if 
fhey  see  them  worked  out  in  movies. 

The  teachers — about  300  of  them — can  take  no  executive 
action  in  the  matter,  but  they  can  recommend  to  their  re- 
spective city  boards  that  such  action  can  be  taken. 

The  Chicago  representation  at  the  meeting  was  heartily 
in  accord  with  the  idea.  Frederick  K.  Branom,  head  of  the 
geography  department  of  the  city  normal  school,  said: 

Chicago  May  Act  Soon 

"It  is  a  great  idea,  but  it  will  cost  money.  I  think,  how- 
ever, when  this  meeting  is  over  and  we  present  the  matter  to 
the  board  they  will  take  it  up,  as  it  will  greatly  facilitate 
education." 

That  the  teachers  will  seek  the  facts,  while  some  film 
producers  may  seek  the  sensational  in  history,  science, 
geography,  etc.,  was  pointed  out  by  William  M.  Gregory, 
head  of  the  Cleveland  Educational  Museum. 

"This  will  be  the  great  difficulty,"  said  Professor  Gregory. 
"The  movie  directors  with  their  long  experience  with  the 
public  will  naturally  look  for  the  sensational  features,  while 
the  teacher  will  want  to  stick  to  the  truth  entirely.  However, 
I  believe  this  will  mean  that  a  film  will  be  produced  that 
will  have  an  even  balance  of  both  'punch'  and  educational- 
ism— just  enough  of  each  to  be  interesting." 

ANTI-JAP  PROPAGANDA  FILM 

A  N  extended  campaign  to  acquaint  the  Eastern  states  with 
the  so-called  dangers  of  Japanese  immigration  on  the 
Pacific  Coast  will  be  launched  immediately  under  direction 
of  the  Japanese  Exclusion  League  of  California.  The  al- 
leged menace  of  the  peaceful  invasion  of  California  by 
Asiatics  will  be  offered  in  the  showing  of  the  photoplay, 
"Shadows  of  the  West."  Following  the  exhibition  of  the 
film  on  the  coast  the  picture  will  be  sent  to  Eastern  cities, 
where  the  Japanese  question  will  be  brought  before  the  eyes 
of  the  people  for  the  first  time  on  the  screen. 

Compiled  largely  from  the  report  of  the  State  Board 
of  Control,  the  screen  feature  reveals  in  history  the  phases 
of  Oriental  customs  such  as  the  picture  bride  system  and 
land  securing  methods  which  have  proved  so  objectionable 
to  the  people  of  California. 


THE  PARENT,  THE  CHILD,  AND  THE  SCHOOL 

THE  task  of  interpreting  school  life  to  the  parent,  and 
of  explaining  the  duties  of  parents  and  grown-ups 
(which  may  be  called  citizenship ),  to  the  child  in 
school,  is  being  accomplished  by  the  help  of  the  film.  At 
the  twentieth  annual  meeting  of  the  New  Jersey  Congress  of 
Mothers  and  Parent-Teachers  Associations,  one  of  the  topics 
scheduled  was  "The  Value  of  Motion  Pictures  in  Teach- 
ing Citizenship."  Other  subjects  were  "Preparation  (for 
citizenship)  in  the  Home  and  Preparation  in  the  School." 
That  the  parents  must  understand  the  work  of  the  school 
in  order  to  cooperate  with  it  is  obvious.  The  congress  dis- 
cussed this  problem. 

The  Chicago  School  Publicity  Committee  are  also  attack- 
ing this  problem  in  an  interesting  manner.  Motion  pictures 
of  children  and  instructors  at  work  and  at  play  in  the  public 
schools  are  being  taken.  The  films  show  the  dangers  of 
truancy,  the  value  of  fire  drills,  the  work  of  the  industrial 
and  domestic  science  classes,  and  recreation  work. 

"Too  many  mothers  and  fathers  are  antagonistic  to  the 
educational  system,  even  when  they  are  insisting  upon  daily 
attendance  by  their  own,"  said  William  T.  McCoy,  teacher 
of  Latin  at  the  Wendell  Phillips  High  School  and  chairman 
of  the  teachers'  committee  conducting  the  promotion  work. 
"We  want  to  reach  them  and  teach  them  what  we  are  doing 
for  and  with  their  children.  We  want  to  show  them  that 
their  children  are  safer  in  school  than  upon  the  streets,  that 
they  are  learning  things  that  must  be  of  special  benefit  not 
only  to  the  growing  child  and  future  citizen,  but  immediately 
to  the  parents  and  adult  relatives  as  well.  This  is  particu- 
larly true  of  the  foreign  born  child  or  children  of  foreign 
born  parents  in  Chicago's  west  side.  By  the  employment 
of  carefully  made  moving  pictures  we  can  show  conclusively 
to  these  parents  what  the  schools  are  doing." 
Springfield,  Illinois,  has  also  been  experimenting  with  this 
same  parent-school  cooperation,  by  means  of  illustrated  lec- 
tures explaining  the  methods  of  testing  pupils'  ability. 

EUROPEAN  BOY  SCOUT  PICTURES 

THE  Boy  Scouts  of  America  will  be  interested  to  learn 
that  there  are  now  available  films  fully  descriptive 
of  their  brothers  abroad.  The  pictures  are  in  the 
published  films  of  the  Kineto  Company  of  America.  The 
Boy  Scouts  of  America,  of  England,  and  of  the  Continent 
are  shown  in  the  pictures  of  which  there  are  enough '  for 
a  complete  evening's  entertainment.  All  of  the  pictures 
are  contained  in  that  group  of  the  Urban  Popular  Classics 
known  as  the  Kineto  Reviews. 

They  include  the  following:  Kineto  Review  No.  29,  en- 
titled "Boyhood."  Kineto  Review  No.  42,  entitled  "Hiking 
the  Alps  with  the  Swiss  Boy  Scouts."  Kineto  Review  No. 
43,  entitled  "How  the  Swiss  Boy  Scout  Spends  His  Vaca- 
tion." Kineto  Review  No.  56,  entitled  "Boy  Scouts  of 
America,"  and  describing  the  trip  of  the  American  boys 
to  the  International  Convention  held  in  England. 


"Boyhood"  is  especially  a  movie  that  will  interes'  scouts 
everywhere.  It  illustrates  "do  a  good  turn  daily."  and  all 
the  fundamental  teachings.  While  it  is  a  picture  purely 
of  British  scouts  it  is  illustrative  of  scouts  all  over  the 
world.  Some  particularly  fine  pictures  of  General  Sir 
Robert  Baden  Powell,  founder  of  the  organization,  are  in- 
cluded.    He  is  shown  attending  a  rally  in  England. 

The  movies  of  the  "Boy  Scouts  in  Switzerland"  are  some- 
thing different.  The  mountains,  travels  with  the  aid  of 
dogs,  snow-shoeing,  bridge  work,  irrigation — all  the  old 
fashioned  ways  of  the  European  world  will  seem  curious 
to  American  boys. 

The  picture  that  shows  the  Boy  Scouts  of  America,  the 
300  picked  ones  out  of  400,000,  representing  101  cities  in 
32  states,  who  attended  the  International  Convention  last 
July  in  England  is  of  especial  interest.  Snatches  of  this 
affair  were  shown  in  the  news  reels  in  theaters  last  summer, 
but  this  is  the  first  complete  pictorial  account  of  it.  Parades, 
marches,  rides,  honors,  sightseeing,  contests,  kit  inspection 
— all  are  there.  -AH  scouts  will  want  to  see  the  service 
at  Westminster  Abbey  and  also  the  ceremonies  when  the 
Lincoln  Statue  in  London  was  unveiled. 

MOTHERCRAFT  MOVIES 

THE    Mothercraft    Movement    for    the    instruction    of 
school  girls  in  the  care  of  children,  founded  by  Mav 
Bliss    Dickinson,    a    representative    of    the    General 
Federation  of  Women's  Clubs,  is  to  be  given  wider  publicity 
through  the  medium  of  motion  pictures,  according  to  an 
announcement  by  Miss  Dickinson. 

Arrangements  have  been  completed  for  the  production  of 
a  Mothercraft  film  which  will  be  circulated  through  such 
organizations  as  women's  clubs,  parent-teacher  associations. 
Chapters  of  the  Red  Cross,  Camp  Fire  Girls,  Girl  Scouts  and 
Child  Welfare  and  Americanization  Sociieties. 

Miss  Dickinson  went  to  Los  Angeles  recently  from  Boston 
on  a  mission  for  the  advisory  committee  of  the  child  welfare 
department  of  the  General  Federation  of  Women's  Clubs, 
which  has  made  Mothercraft  this  year  a  part  of  its  depart- 
mental work.  Her  mission  is  to  inaugurate  a  visual  educa- 
tion campaign  through  the  medium  of  the  screen. 

King  Vidor  will  have  charge  of  the  making  of  the 
Mothercraft  film  at  his  Hollywood  studio  and  he  will  use 
many  Los  Angeles  children  of  all  ages  in  the  scenes. 

"Mothercraft  means  nothing  more  nor  less  than  the  in- 
struction  of  girls   in  the  upper   grades   of   the   grammar 
schools  in  the  art  of  caring  for  babies  and  young  children,"  , 
said  Miss  Dickinson.     "A  practical  knowledge  is  imparted  = 
to  those  destined  to  become  the  mothers  and  teachers  of  the 

next  generation." 

mil        ^ 

ETHICAL  MOTION  PICTURE  SOCIETY 

■p'LIMINATION  from  motion  pictures  of  bathtubs,  women  who 
■'-'  smoke  cigarettes,  barefoot  girls  who  wade  in  brooks,  "rough 
house"  scenes  in  which  bowie  knives  anc)  six  shooters  predominate, 
and  "all  instruments  and  portrayers  of  crime,  loose  morals  and 
unclean  lives,"  is  the  object  of  the  Ethical  Motion  Picture  Society 
of  America,  whose  organization  in  Los  Angeles  with  115  charter 
members  was  recently  announced.     Many  of  the  charter  member* 


are  women. 


10 


COMMUNITY  MOVIES  IN  OMAHA  CHURCH 

Feature  Photoplays  Shown  on  Friday  Evenings — Proceeds  to 
Help  Finance  Erection  of  New  Community  Building 

THE  department  of  community  motion  pictures  of  the 
First  Memorial  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  34th 
and  Larimore  Avenue,  Omaha.  Nebraska,  has  been 
doing  some  val^iable  cultural  work  with  the  screen  in  that 
city.  The  purpose  is  "to  provide  the  community  with 
first  class  pictures  free  from  objectionable  surroundings." 
Recent  movie  programs  have  been  as  follows: 

Oct.  29 — The  Romance  of  Tarzan — 7  reels.  .\n  interestinp; 
fantasy. 

Nov.  5 — The  Last  of  His  People — 5  reels. 

Nov.  12 — Her  Kingdom  of  Dreams — 7  reels.     A  girl's  fantasy. 

Nov.  19 — Ei/es  of  Youth — 8  reels.  What  for  the  future? 
Wealth,  career,  or  service. 

Nov.  25 — The  World  A/lame,  with  Frank  Keenan — 6  reels. 
Special  Thanksgiving  program  for  Community  House  Fund.  Pro- 
grams 7  and  9  o'clock.     Admission  10  and  20  cents. 

Dec.  3 — Dream  Cheaters,  with  J.  W.  Kerrigan — 5  reels. 

Dec.  10 — Harvest  Moon,  with  Doris  Kenyon.  Picture  from 
Augustus  Thomas'  play  of  the  same  name. 

Dec.  17 — Miss  Billy  Rhodes  in  Blue  Bonnet.  A  Salvation  .\rmy 
story  you  will  all  want  to  see.     7  and  9  o'clock. 

Dec.  31— Robe  of  Honor,  with  Henry  Walthall. 

Comic  and  scenic  reels  will  be  added  as  occasion  requires:  Pro- 
grams start  at  7:30  unless  otherwise  stated.  Admission  10  and  1.5 
<-ents  except  Nov.  25. 

In  a  neat  four  page  folder  issued  by  the  managers  of 
this  department,  on,  the  first  page  of  which  is  an  illus- 
tration of  the  Zenith  projector,  there  is  a  statement  signed 
by  the  board  of  managers,  extracts  from  which  are  worth 
reprinting  here: 

The  organization  of  the  department  of  community  motion 
pictures  marks  a  forward  step  in  our  program  of  community  and 
social  service  which  is  being  developed  and  will  culminate  in  the 
completion  of  our  Community  Building  during  the  coming  season. 

To  those  who  have  not  given  the  subject  tlioughtful  considera- 
tion, this  step  may  appear  to  be  revolutionary  in  church  work. 
Few  people  realize  the  development  of  the  motion  picture  during 
the  last  few  years.  In  1916  only  26  per  cent  of  the  pictures 
produced  were  considered  suitable  for  the  family.  The  demand 
for  better  pictures  has  increased  this  number  until  in  1919  69  per 
cent  were  so  classed. 

The  criticism  of  today  is  not  against  the  motion  picture  as 
such  -but  against  the  surroundings  in  wliich  it  is  found  and  the 
subjects  produced  by  unscrupulous  people  who,  to  increase  their 
I  revenues,  have  taken  advantage  of  the  sensational  nature  of  the 
people  as  an  excuse  for  the  production  of  "thrillers."  The  day 
[when  the  church  stands  as  a  monument  in  the  community  and  doe's 
|nothing  material  for  its  betterment  and  uplift  is  past.  It  is  its 
mission  not  only  to  teach  eternal  life,  but  how  to  secure  it  and  to 
-assist  by  providing  means  for  possessing  it. 

i  Our  aim  shall  be  not  only  to  entertain  but  to  create  a  wholesome 
jatmosphere  for  our  community  and  provide  educational  and  in- 
spirational gatherings.  The  tendency  today  is  toward  cooperative 
effort.  Where  can  a  better  outlet  or  place  for  leadership  in  such 
effort  be  found  than  through  the  church?  We  trust  you  will 
give  us  your  support  and  influence  in  this  effort  to  serve  the 
'immunity.  The  Board. 

BETTER  FILM  MATINEES  IN  SALT  LAKE  CITY 
TPHE  Better  Film  Committee  of  the  Home  and  School 
League,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  is  composed  of  a  group  of 
>eople  who  are"  interested  in  cultivating  a  taste  for  better 
ilms.  Each  Saturday  it  conducts  a  matinee  for  boys  and 
jirls.  The  best  picture  theater  in  the  city  is  rented  and 
here  is  given  a  program  of  seven  reels — a  five  reel  feature, 
m  educational  reel,  and  a  one  reel  comedy.  An  admission 
PC  of  ten  cents  is  charged  and  this  pays  for  expenses. 
!  Miss  Jennie  M.  Crabbe  is  corresponding  secretary  of  the 
:ommittee. 


FILM  SCHOOLS  IN  FIVE  CHICAGO  ARMORIES 

THE  great  problem  of  adult  education  in  civic,  social 
and  industrial  questions  is  being  tackled  by  the 
National  Guard  Commission  through  its  film  schools 
for  Chicago  Guardsmen.  These  are  being  conducted  weekly 
-  in  five  arnjiories  throughout  the  city. 

Selected  films  of  a  strictly  educational  character,  fur- 
nished by  the  Society  for  Visual  Education,  are  shown  in 
lieu  of  formal  textbook  instruction.  The  screen  presenta- 
tion is  preceded  by  a  preliminary  discussion  of  the  problem 
of  the  evening,  and  following  the  showing  there  is  a  period 
devoted  to  general  conference,  conduQted  under  parlia- 
mentary methods. 

These  schools  are  under  the  general  direction  of  Dr. 
George  W.  Hoke,  chief  director  of  the  research  and  educa- 
tional development  service  of  the  United  States  Army,  who 
has  been  assigned  to  the  Chicago  National  Guard  for  the 
purpose  of  organizing  its  educational  service. 

"The  reels  we  plan  to  show  Chicago  Guardsmen  during 
this  course,"  says  Dr.  Hoke,  "will  have  as  their  main  purpose 
the  teaching  of  American  history  and  traditions,  the  prin- 
ciples upon  which  our  Republic  is  founded  and  the  actual 
workings  of  the  machinery  of  government.  They  will  drive 
home  the  duties  and  responsibilities  that  American  citizen- 
ship carries  with  it.  It  is  our  idea  to  make  every  lesson 
both  informational  and  inspirational.  Honest-to-goodness 
Americans  want  to  be  able  to  give  reasons  for  the  faith  that 
is  in  them." 

Dr.  Hoke  adds  that  subjects  like  community  sanitation  and 
personal  hygiene,  natural  science  and  regional  geography 
will  also  have  places  in  the  screen  course. 

CULTURAL  FILM  PROGRAMS  IN  CHURCH 

'T'HE  S.  B.  Capen  Men's  Class,  in  one  of  the  churches  at 
Jamaica  Plains,  Mass.,  held  a  lecture  course  during 
the  season  of  1919  and  1920.  Thirteen  evening  entertain- 
ments were  conducted  with  an  average  attendance  of  about 
500,  and  nine  afternoon  entertainments  for  children  with 
an  attendance  averaging  250.  The  course  was  supported 
by  a  silver  offering  which  amounted  to  approximately  $600. 
This  paid  the  expense  of  advertising,  maintenance  of  equip- 
ment, music  and  films.  The  ushers,  licensed  operators, 
«nd  supervision  were  volunteer.  The  church  provided  the 
auditorium,  with  light  and  heat.  Films  were  procured 
from  twelve  different  exchanges  and  included  the  follow- 
ing features,  in  addition  to  scenics  and  comedies:  "Dom- 
bey  and  Son,"  "Carolyn  of  the  Corners,"  "A  Hoosier  Ro- 
mance," "The  Lion's  Den,"  "Yankee  Princess,"  "Sis  Hop- 
kins," "Twenty-three  and  One-half  Hours'  Leave,"  "Three 
Men  and  a  Girl,"  "Bill  Henry,"  "His  Majesty,  the  Ameri- 
can," "In  Wrong,"  "Rose  o'  the  River,"  and  "Daddy  Long 
Legs." 

The  present  season  calls  for  fourteen  evening  and  ten 
afternoon  entertainments,  all  but  two  of  motion  pictures. 
The  pictures  so  far  bo,oked  are:  "The  Copperhead," 
"Huckleberry  Finn,"  "Alarm  Clock  Andy,"  "Excuse  My 
Dust,"  and  "Anne  of  Green  Gables." 


11 


SUNDAY  MUNICIPAL  MOVIES  FOR  ATLANTA 

SUNDAY  motion  pictures  at  the  city  auditorium,  under 
the  direction  of  the  city  government,  will  probably  be 
the  result  of  a  conference  between  a  group  of  citizens 
and  Mayor  Key,  held  at  the  mayor's  office  in  Atlanta,  Ga. 

The  plan  was  proposed  to  the  mayor  by  a  committee 
which  included  John  A.  Manget,  Julian  V.  Boehm  and 
Victor  H.  Kriegshaber.  They  suggested  to  Mayor  Key  that 
he  appoint  a  special  citizens'  committee  to  prepare  Sunday 
afternoon  amusement  in  the  form  of  free  motion  pictures, 
special  music  and  other  entertainment  at  the  auditorium. 
Mayor  Key  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  city,  with  the 
assistance  of  the  various  film  producers,  might  cover  the 
expenses  of  the  performances. 

There  has  been  opposition  in  the  past  to  the  practice  of 
allowing  picture  thWters  to  operate  on  the  Sabbath.  The 
committee  stated  to  the  mayor  that  they  had  found  it  de- 
sirable to  furnish  some  wholesome  form  of  amusement  for 
Sunday  afternoons,  and  believed  that  movies  and  music, 
free  to  all  citizens,  at  the  municipal  auditorium,  is  the  best 
plan  to  adopt. 

MAYOR  STOPS  MOVIE  SERIALS 

C'OLLOWING  a  request  from  Mayor  Fred  A.  Baxter  of 
Superior,  Wisconsin,  who  ascribes  the  wave  of  petty 
crime  in  that  city  in  part  to  the  demoralizing  effect  of 
serial  thrillers  on  juvenile  minds,  local  picture  theater 
managers  have  agreed  to  show  no  more  films  of  this  char- 
acter. Several  of  the  theaters  had  booked  serials  a  year 
ahead  and  will  undoubtedly  lose  considerable  in  admis- 
sions, but  feel  that  they  should  cooperate  with  the  mayor 
and  the  Woman's  Council  in  ending  a  harmful  influence. 
Police  officials  of  Superior  have  no  hesitation  in  stating 
that  juvenile  crime  in  that  city  can  be  traced  directly  to 
the  showing  of  wild  west,  gun  play,  and  safe  blowing 
scenes. 

"The  managers  have  jijrreed  with  me  in  n  ffraoious  manner," 
stated  the  mayor.  "I  believe  that  public  sentiment  is  in  favor  of 
stopping  anything  whieli  might  tend  to  disrupt  the  morals  of  our 
children.  The  matter  was  considered  by  the  managers  before 
the  agreement  was  reached. 

"Crime  is  not  only  suggested  to  the  children  in  these  pictures 
but  the  details  are  shown  so  vividly  that  the  child's  mind  becomes 
oltsessed  to  repeat  it.  Many  of  the  serials  are  above  reproach, 
but  the  greater  number,  as  suggested  by  the  titles,  feature  crime." 

f    w 

WEEKLY  PROGRAMS  AT  NORMAL  UNIVERSITY 

Normal  University,  Bloomington,  111.,  has  made  arrange- 
ments for  giving  a  motion  picture  show  each  week  during 
the  winter  term  in  the  university  auditorium.  This  plan  of 
showing  educational  films  to  students  started  about  two  years 
ago  at  the  University  of  Wisconsin  and  since  then  has  spread 
to  most  of  the  state  universities  in  the  middle  west.  Mr. 
Ridgley,  of  the  geography  department,  has  charge  of  this 
new  educational  work  and  at  times  will  probably  give  lec- 
tures with  the  pictures. 

It  u  planned  to  show  three  reels  of  pictures  each  week. 
The  first  entertainment  was  given  Tuesday  night,  November 
30,  at  7  o'clock.  The  first  three  reels  were:  "Along  the 
Columbian  Highway."  "A  Day  With  Luther  Burbank,"  and 
"Christmas  Carol,"  based  on  Charles  Dickens'  story.  No 
admission  was  charged. 


COMMUNITY  MOVIES  FOR  SCHOOL  CHILDREN 

T^HE  first  venture  at  presenting  community  motion  pic- 
tures,  selected  for  their  educational  value  and  intended 
especially  for  the  benefit  of  school  children,  took  place 
in  Charlotte,  N.  C,  at  the  Alexander  Graham  high  school 
building,  on  a  recent  Tuesday  night.  There  were  free  pro-, 
grams  at  the  high  school  building  Wednesday  and  Thurs- 
day mornings  at  11  o'clock,  to  which  the  public  was  in- 
vited. 

On  Tuesday  night  "Kaietur,  the  Perfect  Cataract"  and 
Mary  Pickford  in  "Sunnybrook  Farm"  were  on  the  pro- 
gram. Wednesday  afternoon  "The  Boy  Problem  Solved," 
Burton  Holmes  travelogs,  "The  Homekeeping  of  Jim,"  and 
a  Fatty  Arbuckle  comedy  were  shown.  Wednesday  night  1 
a  scenic,  "A  Night  at  Coney  Island,"  was  shown  and| 
Charles  Ray  was  seen  in  "Red  Hot  Dollars."  The  after 
noon  programs  began  at  4  o'clock. 

Thursday  afternoon  a  comedy,  "Beans  for  Two,"  "En 
emies   of  the  Garden   and  Bird   House,"   "'Twas   Henry's| 
Fault"  and  a  Burton  Holmes  travelog  were  shown.    Thurs- 
day night  a  scenic  feature  and  Arnold  Daly  in  "My  Own 
United  States,"  a  play  showing  the  life  of  Alexander  Ham- 
ilton, were  screened. 

SCHOOL  FILMS  AT  RIVOLI,  NEW  YORK  CITY 
T  TNDER  the  auspices  of  the  Visual  Instruction  Associa- 
tion  of  New  York  City  there  was  an  exhibition  of 
school  films  on  Saturday  morning,  December  11,  at  the 
Rivoli  Theater  on  Broadway.  The  pictures  shown  were 
"The  Panama  Canal"  one  reel,  "The  Silk  Moth  and  Silk 
Worm"  one  reel,  both  produced  by  the  Kineto  Company 
and  distributed  to  the  New  York  schools  by  the  Argonaut 
Corporation;  one  reel  from  "The  Courtship  of  Miles 
Standish"  which  was  reviewed  in  the  December  issue  of 
this  magazine;  and  one  reel  from  "The  Living  World," 
a  new  four  part  production  covering  the  animal  and  vege- 
table kingdom,  distributed  by  the  Carter  Cinema  Com- 
pany, New  York. 

Brief  addresses  were  given  by  Ernest  L.  Crandall,  presi- 
dent of  the  association;  Charles  H.  Powlinson,  executive 
secretary  of  the  Child  Welfare  Biireau;  Dr.  Rowland 
Rogers,  president  of  the  Picture  Service  Corporation,  New 
York;  Dr.  A.  M.  Rabiner  of  the  Parents'  Association  of 
Public  School  50,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  and  Mrs.  Woodallen 
Chapman,  Chairman  of  Motion  Pictures,  General  Federa- 
tion of  Women's  Clubs. 

N.  Y.  COMMUNITY  SERVICE  FILMS 
'T'HE   Marquette   County   Historical    Pageant    which   was 
held  at  Teal  Lake,  near  Negaunee,  Michigan,  July  5, 
1920,  will  be  given  widespread  publicity  in  motion  pictures. 

The  Marquette  County  pageant  was  held  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Community  Service  and  the  New  York 
headquarters  for  Community  Service  are  .having  severa 
duplicate  prints  made  from  the  films  showing  the  pageant, 
These  will  be  used  in  connection  with  other  motion  picture! 
which  the  Community  Service  is  producing. 

The  pictures  were  taken  by  Kenneth  R.  Eddy  of  thi 
Screencraft  Company,  of  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  and  the  extr( 
prints  ordered  by  the  Community  Service  were  made  in  tha 
city  from  the  original  n^ative.  'i 


12 


AGRICULTURAL 


MEDICAL 


FILMING  NEBRASKA  FROM  AN  AIRPLANE 

^'aluabIe  Motion  and  Still  Photographs  to  Be  Preserved  in 
State  Archives  for  the  Use  of  Various  State  Departments 

PROF.  George  E.  Condra,  in  charge  of  the  geological 
survey  work  of  the  state,  is  making  an  airplane  trip 
over  the  state  and  has  completed  motion  pictures  and 
still  photographs  of  the  Elkhorn  valley  and  the  country 
from  which  is  taken  the  world's  largest  hay  crop.  The 
pictures  will  be  available  to  the  Nebraska  public  as  soon 
as  they  are  completed.  Professor  Condra  is  piloted  on  his 
trips  by  Lieutenant  Gardner,  former  service  man. 

To  Cover  Entire  State 

When  he  completes  the  trip  Professor  Condra  will  have 
in  motion  pictures  and  photographs  the  most  important 
parts  of  Nebraska.  The  valuable  records  will  be  preserved 
by  the  state  and  used  for  future  work  of  the  various  de- 
partments. 

He  completed  photographing  the  immense  hay  flats  in 
the  northeastern  part  of  the  state  and  left  immediately  for 
Valentine,  where  he  will  take  pictures  of  the  Pine  Ridge 
district  and  the  buttes  and  canyons  along  the  Niobrara. 
He  later  will  go  to  the  Scottsbluff  district,  where  the  sugar 
beet  districts  will  be  taken  for  the  screen.  \ 

Norfolk  was  the  first  stop  on  the  professor's  air  itin- 
erary and  he  made  the  trip  from  Lincoln  in  two  hours' 
flying  time.  Motion  pictures  and  still  photographs  were 
taken  to  show  how  the  towns  and  cities  are  laid  out  and 
a  glimpse  of  the  country  between  the  two  cities. 

Will  Aid  Farmers 

While  at  Norfolk  the  professor  told  the  Rotary  club 
that  the  state  engineers  are  now  working  on  a  topographical 
map  of  Madison  county,  which  will  be  available  soon. 
This  map  will  show  every  creek,  railroad  and  highway 
in  the  county,  along  with  a  record  of  the  condition  of  the 
soil  and  sub-soil  in  the  community.  As  soon  as  the  map 
is  issued  each  farmer  will  know  what  kind  of  soil  he  has 
on  his  place  and  he  can  change  his  crop  rotation  to  fit 
this  particular  soil  type. 

Dr.  Condra  has  now  completed  photographing  all  over 
northeastern  Nebraska,  the  Chadron  territory.  Pine  Ridge 
county.  Box  Butte  table  potash  district,  sand  hills  and 
ranch  country  southeast  the  North  Platte  valley  from  Osh- 
kosh  west  to  the  state  line;  Scottsbluff  mountain,  Harris- 
burg  table,  Cheyenne  county  table  and  the  territory  east 
along  the  line  of  the  Union  Pacific. 

Taking  photographs  from  the  air  for  educational  pur- 
poses is  novel  to  say  the  least,  but  the  geological  boar" 
feels  that  this  is  one  way  of  acquainting  Nebraska  people 
with  the  immensity  of  their  own  agricultural  districts  and 
bringing  the  importance  of  Nebraska  as  a  great  agricultural 
area  before  the  people  of  the  country. 

Three  films  coverinfr  the  wool  industry— "From  Wool  to  Cloth," 
"A  Year  with  the  Flock,"  and  "Wool  and  Lamb  Marketing" 
—produced  by  the  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry  of  the  United 
-States  Department  of  Agriculture  are  to  be  screened  in  January 
in  Salt  Lake  City,  at  the  National  A\'oolgrowers'  and  Utah  State 
Woolgrowers'  joint  conventions. 


CANCER  OPERATION  FILMED  IN  DETAIL 

TVTHAT  is  heralded  by  medical  authorities  as  one  of  the 
most  valuable  film  records  in  educational  photography 
thus  far  made  is  a  motion  picture  of  an  operation  for  can- 
cer of  the  stomach,  recently  performed  at  Bellevue  Hospi- 
tal Medical  College.  The  operation  consumed  an  hour 
and  forty  minutes  and  an  unbroken  film  record  of  the  event 
is  said  to  have  been  obtained  by  the  technical  staff  of 
the  Legend  Film  Productions,  220  West  42nd  Street,  New 
York  City.  After  seeing  this  operation  projected  on  the 
screen  an  eminent  surgeon  declared,  according  to  a  state- 
ment from  the  producers: 

"This  marks  a  new  era  in  motion-picture-pliotography.  I  will 
be  perfectly  frank  to  say  I  have  never  witnessed  anything  like  it 
in  my  life.     I  did  not  think  it  could  be  done,  as  a  matter  of  fact. 

"It  is  a  perfect  reproduction  of  the  operation  and  the  photog- 
raphy is  perfect.  Your  company  is  to  be  congratulated  upon  this 
achievement.  A  picture  such  as  this  has  more  actual  educational 
value  than  any  number  of  textbooks.  In  fact,  I  do  not  hesitate  to 
predict  that  the  time  is  not  far  distant  when  other  subjects  par- 
ticularly close  to  the  medical  profession  will  be  screened  and 
become  an  integral  part  of  the  curriculum  in  various  medical 
colleges.  The  educational  value  of  such  photography  cannot  be 
overestimated.  This  picture  brings  to  all  who  see  it  an  intimate, 
accurate  and  perfectly  plain  exposition  of  the  operation  from  start 
to  finish.  It  is  more  than  a  merely  medical  instruction  picture, 
because  it  furnishes  food  for  thought  and  a  conception  of  the  pos- 
sibilities of  the  motion  picture  camera  hitherto  undreamed  of  even 
in  scientific  circles. 

DR.  GRENFELL'S  WORK  VIVIDLY  SCREENED 

DR.  WUfred  T.  Grenfell  completed  his  visit  to  Fall  River, 
Mass.,  on  a  recent  Saturday  evening,  lecturing  to  an  audience 
which  filled  Music  Hall  to  its  entire  capacity.  Motion  pictures 
and  stereopticon  views  were  used  to  illustrate  the  great  work 
which  Dr.  Grenfell  is  doing  in  Labrador. 

The  lecturer  narrated  the  history  of  his  enterprise  from  its 
inception  in  the  year  1892,  when  tlie  Labrador  Medical  Mission 
was  established,  through  the  progress  which  has  been  made  each 
year  up  to  its  extensive  operations  today,  when  six  hospitals,  three 
nursing  stations,  one  hospital  ship,  four  hospital  launches,  four 
clothing  distribution  centers,  one  children's  home  and  one  seaman's 
institute  are  in  use.  The  physician  explained  that  expansion  of  the 
work  has  been  hindered  in  the  collection  of  funds,  but  that  this 
year,  the  Grenfell  Association  is  attempting  to  raise  $1,500,000 
endowment  fund,  the  interest  of  which  will  supply  a  large  part  of 
the  annual  budget. 

The  stereopticon  views,  in  colors,  furnished  a  treat.  They  showed 
the  life  of  the  Arctic  country  in  all  its  beauty.  Icebergs,  salmon, 
seals,  whales,  codfish  and  fishing  schooners  of  the  cold  lands  up 
north  were  interestingly  portrayed.  A  marked  feature  was  the 
open  rivers  and  green  trees  of  the  region,  in  contrast  to  the  frozen 
fields.  The  dogs  and  sports  of  which  the  Eskimos  are  so  fond 
were  also  interesting. 

Perhaps  the  most  picturesque  views  were  those  of  the  icebergs, 
massive  and  beautiful,  which  appeared  to  have  been  designed  by 
great  architects.  Some  resembled  European  cathedrals;  others 
immense  glaciers. 

The  motion  pictures  mostly  vivified  and  elaborated  upon  the 
stereopticon  views.  They  were  of  a  more  practical  nature,  and 
showed  very  clearly  the  splendid  work  of  the  hospitals  of  the 
Arctic. 

ANATOMICAL  CHART  IN  MOTION 

piCTOGRAPH  7068  contains  "The  Action  of  the  Human 
■'■  Heart,"  an  anatomical  chart  in  motion,  showing  the  valvular 
action  of  the  heart  and  the  complete  circulatory  system  in  a 
human  body.  This  one,  designed  and  executed  by  F.  Lyle  Gold- 
man of  the  Bray  staff,  teaches  so  that  a  twelve-year-old  child 
can  easily  understand  it,  exactly  how  the  blood  is  purified  by 
arteries,  veins,  lungs  and  heart.  This  picture  points  the  way 
toward  a  more  lucid  and  perfect  course  of  instruction  in  elemen- 
tary physiology  by  means  of  "motion"  instead  of  "still"  diagrams. 


13 


'THE  GREATEST  FORCE  FOR  GOOD  OUTSIDE  THE  CHURCH' 


Dean   Learned  of  All  Saints  Cathedral,  Albany,  New   York, 

So  Regards  the  Motion  Picture — Views  of  Movies  by 

Other    Albany    Clergymen — International 

Church  Film  Corporation  Commended' 


THAT  motion  pictures,  if  their  standard  is  uniformly 
raised,  may  become  a  powerful  religious,  social 
and  educational  factor  for  the  good  of  the  com- 
munity, is  the  opinion  prevailing  among  prominent 
Albany  churchmen.  "Moving  pictures,"  declared  Very 
Rev.  Albert  C.  Learned,  dean  of  All  Sain'.s  Cathedral,  when 
questioned  as  to  his  views  on  the  subject,  "are  the  greatest 
possible  force  for  good  outside  the  church  existing  today. 
Since  when  used  for  good  their  valuation  is  beyond  limit, 
the  evil   they  can  achieve  is  consequently  in  proportion." 

Movie  Standards  Need  Uplifting 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Luther  A.  Brown,  pastor  of  the  Calvary 
M.  E.  church,  gives  it  as  his  opinion  that  the  motion  pic- 
ture issue  is  one  that  cannot  be  overlooked  and  that  must 
be  met  as  they  are  drawing  the  pleasure  seeking  public 
with  unparalleled  force.  "There  are  wonderful  possibilities 
for  good  in  the  moving  pictures  if  their  standard  is  lifted, 
and  an  effort  is  made  to  make  them  educational  and  ele- 
vating," said  Dr.  Brown.  "The  International  Church  Film 
Corporation,  an  interdenominational  organization  which 
is  striving  to  produce  a  high  grade  of  films,  is  thoroughly 
approved  by  the  church,"  he  further  declared,  adding  "The 
motion  pictures  are  something  we  must  meet  and  lift  up 
and  cannot  overlook." 

"Motion  pictures  can  be  improved  and  become  of  splen- 
did use,"  said  the  Rev.  R.  G.  English,  pastor  of  the  First 
Christian  church.  "We  use  them  here  and  will  more  and 
more." 

The  pastor  of  the  Emmanuel  Baptist  church,  the  Rev. 
M.  E.  Van  Nostrand,  stands  emphatically  for  any  im- 
provement possible  in  the  moving  picture  situation,  but 
does  not  approve  of  them  in  church  on  Sundays. 

Glorification  of  the  Unmoral 

The  Rev.  H.  W.  Mueller,  pastor  of  St.  Paul's  Evangeli- 
cal Lutheran  church  accepts  the  moving  pictures  at  their 
full  value.  He  says,  "I  have  seen  little  of  them  but  one 
thing  is  clear  to  me  from  what  I  see  in  advertisements 
and  posters,  and  hear  from  persons  frequenting  them,  and 
that  is,  that  they  are  by  no  means  100  per  cent  elevating. 
It  is  the  same  old  story  as  when  the  actors  reigned  supreme, 
before  the  advent  of  the  movies— the  glj^rification  of  things 
unmoral  along  many  lines,  which  include  immoral  things, 
glorification  of  divorce,  scandals  and  freedom  with  women. 

"However,  motion  pictures,  for  educational  purposes, 
have  untold  value,  in  developing  an  artistic  sUndard,  in 
creating  an  intelligent  knowledg.-  of  industry,  in  teaching 
Biblical  history.  I  had  an  experience  of  the  good  that 
can  be  performed  by  the  movies  when  pastor  in  New  York, 
where  not  far  from  my  church  was  a  picture  house  de- 
voted exclusively  to  the  showing  of  Bible  stories.     What 


was  the  result?  Ninety  per  cent  of  my  Sunday  school 
children  could  tell  me  off  hand  any  Bible  story  I  asked 
them.  As  for  showing  religious  pictures  in  church  on 
Sunday,  I  see  no  objection,  as  long  as  worship  is  not  inter- 
fered with." 


SEAMAN'S  HOME  ACTIVE  WITH  FILM 

Open    Square    Adjoining    Seaman's    Church    Institute    to    be 

Equipped   with   Projection   Machine   and  Screen   for 

Summer  Entertainment 

■PiOWN  at  25  South  Street,  New  York  City,  where  "the 
road  to  Jericho"  leading  from  the  docks  to  the  Sea- 
man's Church  Institute  is  lined  with  crooked  dice  throwers, 
three-card  monte  fakers  and  others  of  that  ilk,  ready  to 
fleece  the  returning  seamen  of  their  money,  the  motion 
picture  film  has  proved  itself  worthy  of  its  hire  as  an  en- 
tertainer, a  diversion  rivaling  at  times  the  street  attrac- 
tions. Here  during  the  past  year  seven  feature  films  a 
week  have  been  shown  to  the  seamen  in  the  auditorium  of 
this  immense  institution,  built  thirteen  stories  above  ground 
and  three  below,  where  the  men  of  the  sea  find  a  clean  bed 
and  a  good  meal  awaiting  them  at  an  infinitesimal  cost. 
Owing  to  a  lack  of  appropriation  it  is  expected  that  the 
coming  season  will  not  be  as  well  supplied  with  the  neces- 
sary film  article. 

Looking  from  the  top  of  the  building,  with  the  Titanic 
memorial  tower  stretching  toward  heaven  quite  another 
story  above  one's  head,  one  can  see  far  below  in  the  square 
occupying  the  opening  of  Coenties  Slip  a  busy  group  of 
men  at  work  mixing  cement,  hauling  broken  stone,  sand 
and  other  articles  necessary  for  the  work  of  covering  the 
entire  block,  once  a  miserable  imitation  of  what  a  park 
should  be,  with  a  clean  covering  of  concrete.  A  platform 
is  already  erected,  and  the  exact  spot  on  which  a  motion 
picture  booth  is  to  be  built  has  been  spaced  off,  prepara- 
tory to  making  the  square  into  a  comfortable  lounging 
place  for  vacationists  from  the  sea  when  the  next  summer 
season  is  usheied  in.  Here  the  sailors  can  sit  and  talk, 
read,  or  look  at  pictures,  and  at  the  same  time  get  the  air 
of  a  warm  summer's  evening.  This  splendid  idea  was 
originated  by  Dr.  A.  R.  Mansfield,  superintendent  of  the 
Seaman's  Church  Institute. 


The  Federated  Church,  ot  Morris,  111.,  recently  screened 
"Miracle  Money."  The  Mm  shows  the  native  life  of  China  as 
influenced  by  the  work  of  missionaries  and  was  made  for  the 
Interchurch  Movement  by  International  Church  Film  Corporation. 

Dr.  Condc  B.  Fallen  has  withdrawn  as  editor  of  the  Catholic 
Encyclopedia  and  will  devote  his  time  to  literature,  liis  lecture 
courses,  and  his  interests  in  the  Catholic  Art  Association,  which 
is  engaged  in  the  production  and  distribution  of  Catholic 
I)li(itoplnys. 


M 


WOMAN  AND  THE  FILM 


IMPORTANT  ANNOUNCEMENT 

rHlS  space  in  EIducational  Film  Magazine  has  been  opened  to  the  Chairman  of  Motion  Pictures  of  the  General 
Federation  of  Women's  Clubs  and  will  be  filled  each   month   with   articles   full   of   practical   suggestions   for 
those   interested   in  definitely  using  motion  pictures  to  worthy  ends,  whether  in  the  educational  or  entertain- 
ment field.     We  want  to  know  what  women  have  been  doing,  all  over  our  land,  that  their  example  may  be 
made  an  inspiration  to  others.     We  want  to  know  the  problems  that  women  are  meeting,  that  we  may  attempt  to  help  in 
their  solution.     Questions  will  be  answered  through  the  columns  of  the  magazine  and  also  personally. 

Each  month  a  short  article  will  be  presented  suitable  for  reading  and  discussion  in  club  meetings.  Last  month 
the  subject  under  consideration  ivas  "How   Women  May  Use  Movies  to  Serve  Education." 

Meanwhile,  let  all  who  are  interested  in  the  question  of  what  women  can  do  to  increase  the  effectiveness  of  motion 
pictures  for  the  welfare  of  our  nation  write  in  their  suggestions,  that  this  department  may  receive  the  benefit  of  the 
thought^  of  the  greatest  possible  number. 


MOVIES  FOR  KIDDIES— WHAT  SHALL  WE  DO  ABOUT  IT? 

How  Clubwomen  and  Other  Groups  Can  Solve  the  Problem — 
Specially  Prepared  Children's  Programs  the  Ideal  Way 

By  Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman 

Chairman  of  Motion  Pictures,  Genera!  Federation  of  Women's  Clubs 


MOTION'  pictures — entertainment  films — have  become  an  in- 
creasingly alisorbing:  sul>ject  of  discussion   for  the  club- 
women of  our  land.     They  are  not  talking,  liowever,  aliout 
the  latest  film  and  the  enjoyment  received  from  viewing  it. 
They  are  discussing  "The  Problem  of  tlie  Movies" — in  otlier  words, 
the  effect  of  motion  pictures  upon  lioys  and  girls,  the  maturing 
j'oung  people  of  our  great  nation. 

This  is,  indeed,  a  question  of  national  importance.  Whatever 
affects  the  thoughts  and  emotions  of  the  children  of  today  is  help- 
ing to  form  the  character  of  the  citizens  of  the  future.  Every 
picture  they  see  is  helping  to  form  their  conception  of  life  and  its 
meaning,  is  giving  them  something  to  imitate.  These  pictures  stir 
their  emotions,  and  this  calling  the  emotions  into  activity  strengtli- 
ens  them. 

It  is,  therefore,  of  the  utmost  imjjortance  that  some  tliought 
be  given  to  the  kind  of  ideas  concerning  life  that  are  being  im- 
parted to  the  children;  what  it  is  tlicy  are  being  encouraged  to 
imitate;  just  what  kind  of  emotions  are  being  strengthened  and 
made  permanent.  When  pictures  of  violence  and  crime  are 
shown  in  the  theaters,  it  is  no  wonder  that  a  cry  goes  up  for 
censorship.  Portraying  the  criminal  as  a  man  to  be  admired 
for  his  originality  and  daring  is  not  the  way  to  train  future 
citizens  to  lives  of  probity  and  righteousness. 

Big  Producebs  Giving  Theik  Best 

Although  there  are  men  in  the  motion  picture  field,  as  in  every 
other  line  of  industry,  who  can  only  be  kept  within  the  bounds 
of  moral  decency  through  the  operation  of  restraining  laws,  in 
the  main  the  big  producing  companies  have  shown  a  praiseworthy 
desire  to  give  the  public  the  very  best.  In  mentally  reviewing 
the  great  productions  of  the  past  twelve  months,  all  fair-minded 
people  must  be  impressed  with  the  idealism  of  the  men  back  of 
them.  "Earthbound,"  "Wav  Down  East,"  "Humoresque," 
"The  Jack  Knife  Man,"  "Jes'  Call  Me  Jim,"  "PoUyanna,"— all 
are  pictures  that  inspire  and  uplift  as  well  as  amuse,  and  the  list 
is  not  completed  by  far.     For  such  pictures  no  censor  is  needed. 

Such  producers  deserve  the  active  cooperation  of  all  right- 
minded  people,  for  the  only  sure  way  of  driving  out  the  un- 
desirable is  to  replace  it  with  that  which  is  both  comniendal)le  and 
enjoyable.  The  encouraging  thing  in  connection  with  these  pic- 
tures has  been  the  immediate  response  of  the  public  given  so 
heartily  as  to  make  these  acceptable  fUais  a  splendid  financial  sutv 
cess,  tlius  proving  once  more  that  the  American  public  wants  and 
will  pay  for  the  best  in  every  sense  of  that  word. 

Selection — Nor  Censobship 

If  censorship  is  needed  to  suppress  the  imdesirable  film,  surely 
corresponding  effort  should  be  made  to  make  known  the  de- 
frable.  Several  organizations  exist  at  the  present  time,  which 
end  out  monthly  bulletins  of  films  which  they  can  recommend. 
Iimong  these  might  be  mentioned  the  Indiana  Board  of  Indorsers 
M  Photoplays,  composed  in  large  degree  of  the  clubwomen  of 
ne  state,  and  most  successful  in  what  it  has  undertaken  to  do. 
these  lists  the  films  suitable  for  children  are  classified  by 
themselves.     With  such  a  list  to  depenci  upon  the  local  people  can 


do  much  to  change  the  charapter  of  the  pictures  being  shown  in 
their  community,  if  they  go  about  it  in  the  right  way. 

The  first  step  for  the  local  chairman  of  motion  pictures  is  to 
make  the  personal  acquaintance  of  the  owners  of  the  local  motion 
picture  theaters — not  as  one  who  wishes  to  criticize,  nor  even,  it 
may  be,  to  commend,  but  rather  as  a  friend  and  neighbor  who 
has  a  sincere  interest  in  the  motion  picture  industry. 

The  next  step  is  for  her  to  get  the  club-women  interested  in 
helping  her  bring  to  their  community  the  very  best  motion 
pictures  to  be  had.  They  must  first  of  all  be  willing  to  go  to  the 
theater  when  a  good  picture  is  put  on,  and  to  make  a  point  of 
always  speaking  to  someone  connected  with  the  theater  as  they 
come  out,  expressing  their  appreciation  of  the  picture  shown  and 
announcing  their  intention  to  advise  their  friends  to  see  it.  They 
will  thus  build  up  in  the  consciousness  of  the  owner  a  realization 
that  his  work  in  the  community  is  really  considered  of  A'alue. 

If  they  ask  to  have  a  film  from  a  list  of  recommended  pictures 
put  on,  let  them  make  it  a  gala  occasion  and  see  to  it  that  a  large 
number  of  their  friends  are  present.  This  will  help  him  to  meet 
their  wishes  by  making  it  financially  possible  for  him  to  do  so. 

"Whex  a  Feller  Needs  a  Fhiexd" 

If  he  should  put  on  a  picture  deserving  of  condemnation, 
then  let  the  chairman  of  motion  pictures  go  to  him,  still  as  a 
friend,  and  point  out  to  him  how  bad  it  is  for  his  busi-iess  and, 
therefore,  the  attendance  of  themselves  and  their  friends. 

Talking  to  him  as  a  friend,  she  may  learn  what  some  of  his 
difficulties  are  in  this  matter.  The  local  exhibitor  is  often  the 
victim  of  circumstances  over  which  he  has,  at  present,  almost  no 
control.  In  order  to  secure  pictures  featuring  certain  stars  it 
is  necessary  for  him  to  sign  up  for  all  the  pictures  in  which  those 
stars  are  to  appear.  Some  of  the  pictures  may  be  good  and 
some  may  be  bad.  The  exhibitor  has  no  way  of  knowing  before- 
hand— and  what  can  he  do  wlien  the  bad  ones  come?  If  he  is 
a  conscientious  man,  he  will  put  the  film — for  which  he  has  already 
paid — away  on  his  shelf  and  pay  for  another  one  to  take  its  place. 
But  he  cannot  afford  to  do  this  often. 

But  there  are  many  pictures  which  are  all  right  for  adults  to 
look  at  but  are  not  suitable  for  children.  Children  should  not 
be  depressed  with  too  great  tragedy;  they  slioidd  not  see  scenes  of 
horror;  they  should  be  protected,  not  only  from  every  scene  that 
is  indecent  and  suggestive  but  also  from  all  that  is  conunon  and 
sordid  and  from  every  title  that  is  vulgar  or  profane.  More  than 
all,  children  should  be  kept  during  these  early  years  from  any 
knowledge  of  the  "eternal  triangle"  and  the  innumerable  problems 
that  result  from  its  existence.  Normally  they  would  not  even  be 
interested  in  the  emotional  love  story  and,  ideally,  they  sl)Ould 
be  left  in  this  condition. 

Even  some  of  the  most  beautiful  pictures,  from  an  artistic 
viewpoint,  with  big  lessons  for  adults,  touch  directly  or  indirectly 
upon  themes  that  should  not  be  allowed  to  enter  the  child's  con- 
sciousness. Yet  these  pictures  cannot  justly  lie  condenmed  and 
suppressed. 

\\'hat,  then,  are  we  to  dor 

(Continned    on    puije    20) 


15 


By  GLADYS  BOLLMAN 


"THE  JUDGMENT  OF  THE  DEEP" 

A  PICTURE  poem  of  astonishing  beauty  and  originality 
is   this   remarkable  screen    elaboration    by     Marcel 
I'Herbier  of  a  sketch  by  Balzac,   writes  a  reviewer 
in  the  London  Bioscope. 

Like  so  many  recent  French  pictures,  the  production 
is  characterized  by  its  imaginative  qualities  both  in  con- 
ception and  in  execution.  It  represents  an  effort  not  mere- 
ly to  illustrate  a  story  nor  to  devise  a  conventional  photo- 
drama,  but  rather  to  adumbrate  an  abstract  theme  in  picture 
scenes  in  the  same  way  that  a  composer  interprets  the 
emotional  aspects  of  a  subject  in  the  changing  movements 
of  a  symphonic  poem. 

The  purification  of  human  passions  by  the  sea  is  the 
theme  of  the  film.  The  hot-house  life  of  the  town  with 
its  soul-destroying  lusts  lures  Michel  to  degeneration  till 
his  sailor  father,  obeying  a  blind  instinct,  delivers  him 
forcibly  to  the  judgment  of  the  deep.  The  cleansing  force 
of  the  stormy  elements  reforms  Michel's  character,  and 
develops  his  deep-down  manliness,  thus  justifying  his 
father's  unerring  faith  in  the  strength  and  wisdom  of 
Nature. 

In  handling  this  subject  M.  I'Herbier  has  sought  primar- 
ily to  express  in  glowing  pictures  the  emotional  contrast 
between  the  stern,  clean  call  of  the  sea  and  the  sensual 
enchantment  of  unhealthy,  artificial  pleasures.  In  a  new 
and  striking  form,  that  is  to  say,  he  presents  the  age-long 
drama  of  the  conflict  between  soul   and  body. 

Regarded  purely  on  its  face  value  as  a  sincere  and  power- 
ful human  drama,  the  picture  is  as  striking  as  it  is  unusual. 
The  action  passes  on  the  coast  of  Brittany,  of  which  there 
are  many  extraordinarily  beautiful  screen  studies,  besides 
delightful  glimpses  of  the  picturesque  local  life  and  the 
quaint  customs  at  a  pardon  or  religious  festival.  The  fact 
that  the  story  is  developed  somewhat  slowly  is  compen- 
sated by  the  interest  of  these  incidents  and  character  types. 
The  photography  alone  is  of  great  technical  interest.  By 
the  use  of  novel  symbolical  vignettes,  the  producer  quietly 
emphasizes  the  underlying  significance  of  a  scene  or  a- 
character  without  laboring  his  point  or  impeding  his  story. 

For  a  full  year  Nolff,  a  Breton  fisherman,  has  observed  his  vow 
of  silence,  made  as  the  result  of  a  tragedy  in  his  past  life.  For- 
merly, Nolff  lived  happily  with  his  wife,  his  daughter,  Djenna,  and 
his  son,  Michel.  Contrary  to  his  father's  hopes,  Michel  detested 
the  sea  and  became  involved  with  bad  companions  in  the  towm. 
Then  the  boy  fell  a  prey  to  the  wiles  of  a  dancing  ^rl,  Lia,  for 
whose  sake  he  stabbed  a  man  during  a  brawl,  while  his  mother  lay 
dying,  and  was  imprisoned.  Instead  of  being  reformed  by  his  ex- 
.pericnce,  Michel  degenerated  still  further,  and  at  last  robbed  his 
sister,  Djenna,  of  money  bequeathed  her  by  their  mother.  Con- 
vinced that  his  beloved  son  was  beyond  all  ordinary  means  of  re- 
demption, Nolff  seized  Michel',  roped  him  in  an  open  boat  which 
he  sent  out  on  the  tide  to  sea^and  then  took  his  vow  of  silence. 

Meditating  on  this  sad  story,  Nolff  is  disturbed  by  Djenna,  who, 
in  grtef  at  her  brother's  loss,  is  about  to  take  the  veil.  But  Djenna 
is  now  overjoyed,  for  she  has  had  a  letter  from  Michel,  describing 
how  he  was  rescued  from  the  open  boat  and  became  a  sailor.  In- 
stead of  being  drad,  an  thry  had  supposed,  he  is  returning  to  them. 
His  happiness  restore<l,  Nolff  bids  Djenna  leave  the  convent  and 
And  her  sailor  sweetheart,  while  he  proudly  awaits  Michel. 

The  Judemant  nf  Ihr,  Derp.  PriMliiccd  by  Onutnont,  Paris,  Prance. 
Diitrfbuted  by  Fine  Art  Fllma,  I.onilon,  Bnfland.     3  reelii. 


"A  TRIP  TO  MARS" 
By  Dolph  Eastman 

TITLES  are  misleading,  and  if  one  were  to  judge  by 
the  title  alone  this  picture  might  be  classed  as  melo- 
dramatic, pseudo-scientific,  improbable.  But,  hap- 
pily, here  is  a  film  which  lives  down  its  name  and 
instead  of  being  spectacular  only,  possesses  ethical  and 
spiritual  quality.  There  is  a  big  thought  and  a  big  mes- 
sage running  like  an  irresistible  undertow  throughout  these 
reels,  and  the  spectator  cannot  forget  it  if  he  would.  This 
supermotif  is  that  civilization  must  needs  be  many  thou- 
sands of  years  older  than  now  exists  on  Earth,  as  is  thought 
to  be  the  case  on  Mars,  before  human  nature  can  transform 
the  acid  of  bitterness  and  hate  to  the  milk  of  kindness 
and  love.  To  overcome  this  apparent  note  of  pessimism, 
however,  there  are  two  compensating  thoughts:  one,  that 
within  the  inner  soul  of  each  human  creature,  even  as  at 
present  constituted,  there  is  the  possibility  of  making  one's 
self  unto  these  godlike  Martians;  and  the  other,  that  science 
may  find  the  way  within  the  comparatively  near  future  to 
communicate  with  our  planetary  neighbors  and  to  receive 
communications  from  them,  which  may  serve  as  our  guide 
to  higher  things. 

The  conventional  portions  of  the  film,  covering  the 
scenes  in  the  astronomer's  observatory,  hiS  home,  and  on 
the  airship,  move  forward  swiftly  and  are  directed  more 
or  less  in  the  conventional  manner.  The  remainder  of 
the  picture,  on  the  contrary,  showing  the  scenes  on  the 
planet  Mars,  is'  quite  unconventional  and  the  contrast 
between  the  conditions  prevailing  on  Earth  and  on.  Mars, 
50,000,000  miles  apart,  is  ingeniously  visualized.  Under 
the  former  existence  we  are  shown  professional  jealousy, 
cynicism,  doubt,  hate,  and  war  in  the  soul  and  between 
man  and  man;  under  the  Martian  existence  there  is  in- 
dividual contentment  and  world-wide  peace,  happliness, 
and  brotherly  love  because  in  their  advanced  state  of  civ- 
ilization war  in  the  soul  and  between  brothers  is  simply 
unthinkable.  As  the  noble  High  Chief  of  the  vast  assem- 
blage quietly  declares  to  the  strangers  from  E^rth,  "We 
abolished  war  ages  ago."  Only  the  arts  and  crafts  which 
thrive  under  a  peaceful  and  constructive  civilization  could 
possibly  exist  in  the  Martian  life.  Surely  a  magnificent 
model  for  Earth-peoples! 

Non-theatrical  optiences  will  not  miss  this  note  of  spir- 
itual power,  this  rising  to  the  heights  of  character,  sym- 
bolized by  the  attire,  the  manner,  the  majestic  stride  of 
the  men,  the  eerie  grace  of  the  women,  especially  in  the 
dance;  nor  is  temporal  power  absent,  as  witness  the  simple 
administration  of  justice,  the  ability  of  the  inhabitants  to 
signal  to  Earth,  and  the  huge  classic  structures  symbolizing 
beauty,  art,  love,  and  peace.  The  author  of  this  photo- 
play, fortunately,  did  not  attempt  the  impossible  but  ad- 
hered to  the  plausible;  no  wildly  imaginary  pseudo-scien- 
tific theories  are  exploited.  But  he  did  succeed  in  pre- 
senting an  allegory  in  novel  form — one  whose  message 
alone  would  make  this  picture  valuable,  at  all   events  to 


16 


the  non-theatrical  field,  and  justify  the  American  distribu- 
tors in  bringing  it  from  Denmark,  the  land  of  its  birth. 

The  acting,  the  photography,  and  the  technical  handling 
are  up  to  the  standard  of  the  average  American  production 
and  better  than  most  European  features  brought  over  here. 


Striking  Scenes 

FROM 

"A  Trip  to  Mars" 


In  the  Martian  "mob"  scenes  several  thousand  persons 
are  said  to  have  participated.  But  aside  from  its  spec- 
tacular features  "A  Trip  to  Mars"  is  essentially  spiritual 
and  uplifting.  The  drinking  scenes  on  the  airship  might* 
be  found  objectionable  by  some,  and  they  are  unimpor- 


17 


tant.  The  important  thing  is  that  this  picture  is  intended 
to  and  ought  to  take  the  insular  conceit  out  of  millions 
of  Earth's  inhabitants  and  show  them  how  far  they  have 
to  go  along  civilization's  rocky  road  before  they  as  a 
people  can  attain  to  the  sublime  perfect  state  of  the  mil- 
lions on  Mars. 

The  story,  shorn  of  its  exquisite  symbolism,  is  as  fol- 
lows: 

"A  Trip  to  Mars"  is  the  outcome  of  scientific  jealousy.  An 
eminent  astronomer  lias  declared  that  the  Martians  have  been 
seeking  to  estalilish  communication  with  the  Earth.  His  conten- 
tions are  so  bitterly  assailed  by  a  rival  scientist  that  the  old 
man's  son,  an  aviator  and  inventor  of  a  jiew  type  of  aircraft,  de- 
termines to  make  an  attempt  to  reach  the  planet  and  establish 
the  truth  of  his  father's  theor}'.  He  is  accompanied  b\'  his  sister's 
fiance  and  a  crew  of  volunteers  whose  mutiny  very  nearly  prevents 
his  success. 

The  arrival  of  the  airship  is  welcomed  by  the  Martians  and 
the  earth  visitors  are  delighted  to  find  that  the  air  is  the  same 
as  our  own  and  the  common  language  of  the  soul  is  understand- 
able by  all. 

The  hero  shoots  a  bird  of  wonderful  plumage  and  the  sudden 
anger  of  the  Martians  at  this  needless  bloodshed  leads  him  to 
shoot  at  a  man  who  he  supposes  lias  threatened  his  life.  For  this 
he  is  doomed  to  punishment,  but  is  saved  by  the  intervention  of 
the  daughter  of  the  chief  ruler,  whose  love  the  hero  wins. 

On  the  earth  the  old  scientist  has  been  expelled  from  the 
learned  societies  and  is  threatened  with  criminal  prosecution  for 
encouraging  such  a  foolhardy  venture,  but  the  return  of  the  aerial 
argonauts  with  the  Martian  bride  completely  reverses  public 
opinion  and  the  detractor  throws  himself  from  a  cliff  in  his 
chagrin. 

A  Trip  to  Mars.  Distributed  by  the  Tower  Fihn  Corporation.  71  W. 
2Sril  Street.  New  York  Citj-.     5  reels. 

il>       DSD' 

"DINTY" 

ONE  of  the  best  pictures  ever  made  is  Dinty.  Wesley 
Barry,  that  freckle-faced  real  boy,  is  Dinty,  the  son 
of  a  brave  Irish  father  and  mother  who  are  separated 
first  by  the  ocean  and  the  width  of  the  new  country,  ^nd  then 
by  death.  Dinty,  as  soon  as  he  is  able,  becomes  the  loving 
defender  of  his  mother,  whose  efforts  to  support  him  have 
made  her  very  ill.  Dinty 's  delightful  mechanical  devices 
for  doing  everything  possible  to  do  mechanically  are 
amusing  as  well  as  pathetic.  We  feel  sure  he  will  grow 
into  a  great  engineer! 

Dinty  is  also  a  business  man  and  a  politician.  His 
newspaper-selling  is  menaced  by  a  gang-leader  "Muggsy," 
whose  methods  are  those  of  a  bully.  Dinty  enlists  some  pi 
the  other  newsboys  who  have  been  "frozen  out"  by  this 
trust,  and  with  the  help  of  the  police  they  succeed  in  keep- 
ing their  rights.  This  is  the  best  thing  in  the  film,  reveal- 
ing a  sympathetic  appreciation  of  boys.  Dinty  gels  his 
organization  well  under  way  and  rejoices  that  he  has  enough 
money  to  bring  her  a  few  little  delicacies  now  and  then. 
He  gives  "entertainments"  for  her  benefit,  bringing  his 
friends  to  their  poor  garret.  But,  just  as  Dinty,  through 
a  friend  whom  he  made  by  returning  a  pocket-book,  is 
able  to  place  her  in  a  hospital,  his  mother  dies.  Under 
this  severe  lest,  Dinty  is  bruised  but  not  broken.  He 
wanders  lonely  about  the  wharves  uiitil  he  is  discovered  by 
one  of  his  "business  associaies." 

From  then  on,  Dinty's  story  unites  with  that  of  the  sub- 
plot, a  story  of  an  honest  judge  whose  daughter  is  menaced 
as  a  revenge  for  an  honest  decision.  Dinty  is  the  means  of 
rescue,  and  the  story  ends  with  the  inference  thai  he  will  be 
adopted  by  the  judge  and  carefully  watched  over  by  the 
daughter  and  her  fiance,  who  is  an  old-lime  admirer  of 
Dinty's. 


This  sloiy,  except  for  one  or  two  touches  of  sensational- 
ism in  the  sub-plot,  is  ideal  for  the  non-theatrical  optience, 
and  these  touches  are  far  outweighed  by  the  value  of  the 
picture. 


Dintv. 
reels. 


Produced  by  Marshal   Neilan.     Distributed    by    First    National. 


"CONRAD  IN  QUEST  OF  HIS  YOUTH" 

JUDGING  the  screen  version  of  Conrad  in  Quest  of  His 
Youth  on  its  own  merits,  without  regard  to  its  truth 
to  Leonard  Merrick's  novel,  it  is  one  of  the  few  pictures 
which  will  appeal  to  a  really  sophisticated  audience.  What 
if  a  commercial  reviewer  does  ir^sist  that  it  "lacks  real 
incident"  and  does  not  "get  to  the  point  of  real  satisfac- 
tion"? That  is  a  matter  of  taste.  Possibly  to  the  jaded 
palate  of  one  who  recommends  serial  thrillers  it  may  seem 
tame,  but  to  anyone  whose  sense  of  humor  is  developed 
beyond  the  appreciation  of  horseplay,  it  is  thoroughly 
enjoyable. 

The  story  is  of  a  young  man  of  thirty  who  returns  from 
India  with  the  feeling  that  life  has  passed  him  by,  and 
'whose  efforts  to  recover  his  lost  youth  are  unsuccessful  so 
long  as  they  are  conscious.  Success  comes  when  he  chances 
to  meet  a  stranded  theatrical  troupe  and  helps  them  out. 
An  especially  attractive  member  turns  out  to  be  a  charm- 
ing and  titled  widow,  and  the  lady  of  his  heart. 

Non-theatrical  optiences  may  wish  to  cut  the  incident 
of  the  pocket-flask  in  the  first  reel.  The  attempts  to  re- 
new the  joys  of  youth  furnish  most  delicate  and  delight- 
ful humor  in  Merrick's  accustomed  vein,  and  make  a 
recreational   picture  of  exceptional   merit. 

Conrnd  i»  Quest  of  His  Youth.  Produced  and  distributed  by  Famous 
Players-Lasky.     6   reels. 


"DOMBEY  AND  SON" 
TT'LORENCE  Dombey,  in  the  film  as  in  Dickens'  novel, 

makes  the  life  of  Dombey  and  Son.  She  is  ideal 
in  her  interpretation  of  the  part.  Much  of  the  novel  is 
necessarily  omitted,  but  among  the  old  favorites  we  see 
Captain  Cuttle,  "Wale"  and  his  inimitable  uncle,  Susan 
Knipper,  Joe  Bagstock  in  full  glory,  Dombey  and  his  proud 
wife,  Mr.  Carker,  and  little  Paul.  The  characterization 
throughout  is  commendable  with  the  possible  exception 
of  Mr.  Carker,  who  is  not  quite  suave  enough,  and  that  of 
Mr.  Dombey  who  is  not  sufficiently  the  gentleman.  We 
regret  the  absence  of  Polly  the  nurse,  and  that  of  Harriet 
Carker.  and  Mr.  Marven,  and  the  terrible  old  ragwoman 
and  her  daughter.  But  there  is  a  vast  amount  of  material 
to  crowd  in  and  even  as  it  is,  the  film  seems  crowded. 
These  omissions  make  occasional  discrepancies  in  the 
story  and  the  readaptation  is  not  particularly  happy,  but 
all  of  the  classics  screened  seem  to  suffer  from  that. 

The  art  titles  deserve  commendation  with  the  exception 
in  the  first  reel  denoting  approaching  death.  The  settings 
are  not  such  as  could  be  produced  with  this  year's  equip- 
ment, nor  is  the  story  as  unified  as  one  might  wish,  but 
as  a  sign  of  the  movement  toward  "better  films"  and  the 
choice  of  subjects  from  the  classics,  this  production  will 
meet  with  approval  of  church  groups. 

Iiiimliri)  tiHil  Son.  Prmhircd  by  Triangle.  Distributed  by  International 
Cliureli  Film  Corpurntinii.   (1   reels. 


18 


"SOCIAL  HYGIENE  FOR  WOMEN" 

npHFS    film,    made    by    the    American    Social     Hygiene 

Association,  is  designed  for  illustrative  use  only,  and 
is  always  to  be  accompanied  by  a  lecture.  It  is  to  be  shown 
only  to  women  and  girls  over  the  age  of  sixteen.  The  first 
reel  is  an  explanation  by  animated  drawings  of  the  physi- 
ology of  the  reproductive  organs,  birth,  etc.  The  second 
reel  explains  disease  dangers,  the  symptoms,  course,  and 
effects  of  these,  especially  to  children  born  of  diseased 
parents. 

The  film  ends  with  the  following  appeal: 

Venereal  Dheaaes  Are  Preventable!  Every  man  and 
woman  can  aid  in  combating  them.  But  in  combined  effort 
lies  tlie  greatest  promise  of  success.  The  unit  of  society 
is  tlie  family.  It  must  be  protected  from  moral  and  physi- 
cal hazards  by  the  community.  To  aid  in  doing  this,  a 
well-founded  program  has  been  adopted,  which  consists  of 
these  measures: 

1.  Provision  of  recreation  and  entertainment. 

2.  Education  in  social  hygiene. 

3.  Knforcenient  of  laws  against  prostitution. 

4.  Medical   care   for   infected   persons. 

These  two  reels  are  admirably  adapted  to  teaching  pur- 
poses. The  first  reel  gives  a  dignified,  scientific  treatment 
of  the  origin  of  life,  contains  no  suggestion  of  the  abnormal 
or  the  unhealthy,  and  is  an  excellent  presentation  of  the 
subject,  clear  and  easily  understood.  The  purpose  of  the 
second  reel  is  naturally  somewhat  different  and  it  is  open 
to  question  whether  the  two  reels  should  be  shown  at  the 
same  time.  The  association  now  has  this  matter  under 
consideration. 

Social  Hygiene  for  H'omen.  Produced  and  Distributed  by  American 
Social  Hygiene  Association.     2  reels. 

"SUNRISE  FOR  THE  MONO" 

'T'HE  Mono  Indians  in  the  remote  mountains  of  Cali- 
fornia blossomed  forth  as  movie  players  on  Thanks- 
giving Day,  in  a  picture  called  "Sunrise  for  the  Mono," 
taken  at  Auberry,  California,  for  the  Stereopticon  Depait- 
ment  of  the  Baptist  General  Board  of  Promotion. 

The  tribe,  an  old  and  big  one,  retains  some  of  its  most 
primitive  customs,  such  as  the  pounding  of  acorns  between 
flat  stones  for  acorn  mush,  while  figuring  as  a  highly 
modernized  labor  factor  in  central  California.  Through 
the  efforts  of  their  missionary,  J.  E.  Brendel,  these  Indians 
practically  monopolize  grape  and  hop  picking  and  wood 
hauling  in  their  section.  The  picture  shows  the  Monos 
in  their  daily  life,  and  at  work  in  their  mountain  homes. 
The  scenario  was  written  by  Coe  Hayne  of  the  American 
Baptist   Home  Mission  Society. 

"  A  MODERN  RI^TH" 

A  N  International  Church  Film  Corporation  two-reel  pic- 
ture, A  Modern  Ruth,  gives  the  story  of  an  American 
girl  whose  devotion  to  her  relief  work  in  France  kept  her 
there  after  the  war  was  over.  She  met  and  married  a 
French  aviator.  After  his  death  she  went  to' the  home  of 
his  mother  where  she  learned  to  take  his  people  to  her 
heart,  indeed,  giving  up  an  opportunity  for  literary  dis- 
tinction in  her  own  country  to  do  so.  The  story  is  a  simple 
one,  simply  worked  out,  but  it  contains  several  dramatic 
moments.  The  story  of  Ruth,  recalling  itself  to  her  mem- 
ory, as  she  is  packing  her  Bible  for  her  contemplated  re- 
turn home,  is  what  turns  her  decision,  and  the  story  is 
veiy  successfully  portrayed  on  the  screen  titled  by  the 
Biblical   words. 

A  Modem  Ruth.  Produced  and  distributed  by  the  International 
Church  Film  Corporation.     2  reels. 


PROGRAMS 


COMMUNITY  CENTER 

THE  SPEXDER.S— .l/«fro  5  reels 

(A  story  of  giving.) 

COMMUNITY  CENTER 

I'lIE  EGG  CRATE  WALLOP— Famowji  Players  5  reels 

(A  boy  who  has  taken  another  man's  crime  on  his  shoulders 
wins  out  by  a  tine  "egg-crate  wallop"  on  the  jaw  of  his  enemy.) 

COMMUNITY  CENTER 

ERSTWHILE  SV SA'K— Realart  5  reels 

(The  story  of  a  little  girl  who  progressed  from  a  state  of 
drudgery  to  the  state  of  matrimony.) 

INDUSTRIAL  WELFARE 

NEWS  WEEKLY— PafAe  1    reel 

FOOT  FOLLY— Car^v/e  Ellis  2  reels 

(A  picture  which  educates  one  to  take  proper  care  of  the  feet, 

and  to  wear  foot-shaped  shoes.) 
NEXT  AISLE  OVER— PatAe  2  reels 

(Harold  Lloyd  makes  comedy  in  a  shoe  store.) 

INDUSTRIAL  WELFARE 

NEWS  WEEKLY— ErfjicniionaJ  Film  Corp.  1    reel 

BRUCE  SCE'NIC— Educational  Film  Corp.  1    reel 

WHEN  WOMEN  WORK—Carlyle  Ellis  2  reels 

(That   working  women   should   have   fair   standards  of   hours, 

wages,  and  working  conditions  is  brought  out  in  this  storv.) 

A  MODEL  HUSBAND— f/nireria/  l"  reel 

(A  Lyons-Moran  Comedy.) 

INDUSTRIAL  WELFARE 

DOUBLE  SPEED^FamoMji  Players  5  reels 

(Wallace  Reld  in  a  swiftly  moving  comedy  drama.) 

PATRIOTIC  PROGRAM 

WASHINGTON  SKY  PATROl^Educational  Film  Corp.   1    reel 

(A  view  of  our  national  Capital  from  the  air.) 
OUR  PRESIDENTS— GoZdicyn  (Ford)  1    reel 

(Pictures  of  the  men  who  have  guided  our  nation.) 
LAND  OF  OPPORTUNITY— ,S«;ect  2  reels 

(A    patriotic   picture   based    upon    an    incident   in    the   life   of 

Lincoln.) 

PATRIOTIC  PROGRAM 

NEWS  WEEKLY  1    reel 

WHAT  UNCLE  SAM  DOES  FOR  TWO  CENTS 

— (Ooldwyn-Ford)  1    reel 

I'HE  EAGLE  AND  THE  ¥AVS— Educational  Film 

Corp.  1    reel 

(.\n     Indian    love    story,    enacted     by    Indians    in     Northern 
Wyoming.) 
Ml  i'T  AND  JEFF  CARTOON— Fo:<;  1    reel 

PATRIOTIC  PROGRAM 

SCREEN  MAG.\ZI NE— F«mo«s  Players-Lasky  1    reel 

SCHOOL  D.\YS— Go/ctei/n   (Ford)  I    reel 

(The  advantages  of  the  public  school  education  given   free  to 

every  child  in  America  are  realized  after  seeing  this  picture.) 

AMERICA  JUNIOR  2  reels 

(A  plea  for  the  "helping  hand.") 

CHILDREN'S  PROGRAM 

I'ATHE   REVIEW    NO.  tO— Pa«ft«  1    reel 

(Four-legged  detectives;  Mr.  Flip  Flop,  an  expert  in  twirling  a 
stick;  Grecian  festival  dance;  Sunshiije  berries;  the  Song  of 
the  Sea.) 

EDGAR  CA.MPS  OVV—Ooldwyn  2  reels 

(.\  Booth  Tarkington  boy  comedy.) 
Bi  ^ 

"THE  LAST  OF  THE  MOHICANS" 

A  NEW  photoplay  release  of  intense  interest  to  schools 
and  colleges  is  "The  Last  of  the  Mohicans"  made  by 
Maurice  Tourneur  from  J.  Fenimore  Cooper's  immoftal 
classic  for  Associated  Producers,  Inc.  It  is  said  that 
neither  time  nor  expense  has  been  spared  to  make  this 
production  one  of  the  greatest  of  screen  stories.  Many  of 
the  scenes  were  made  in  the  Big  Bear  country  of  California. 
In  addition  to  Barbara  Bedford,  Wallace  Beery  and  Al- 
bert Roscoe,  who  played  the  principal  Indian  roles,  sev- 
eral hundred  genuine  redskins  are  said  to  have  participated 
in  this  noteworthy  production. 


19 


MOVIES  FOR  KIDDIES— WHAT  SHALL  WE   DO 
ABOUT  IT? 

(Continued  from  page  l'>) 

The  Ideal  Soi-unox 

Some  of  the  communities  in  the  neighborhood  of  New  York 
City  have  found  a  successful  solution  for  this  problem.  For  a 
number  of  years  the  active  women  of  the  town  have  formed  a 
committee  which  has  entire  charge  of  putting  on  programs, 
carefully  selected  and  censored  for  children,  in  the  auditorium 
of  the  high  school.  These  women  have  not  only  paid  for  the 
entire  equipment  needed,  but  they  are  now  clearing  from  $100  to 
$150  a  night.  This  means  that  for  years  the  children  in  these 
localities  have  had  splendid  entertainment  and  have  seen  only  the 
best,  cleanest,  and  most  suitable  pictures.  Not  only  that,  but 
the  community  itself  has  had  the  benefit  of  the  profits  accruing 
from  these  entertainments  and,  in  addition,  the  school  is  equipped 
for  using  motion  pictures  in  the  school  work. 

This  plan  is  one  that  is  gradually  gaining  in  favor.  In  New 
York  City  fathers  and  mothers  of  the  well-to-do  class  have 
banded  themselves  together  in  the  Junior  Cinema  Clul)  which  is 
giving  a  series  of  most  carefully  censored  programs  in  one  of 
the  largest  theaters  of  the  city  to  the  children  of  its  members. 
At  the  same  time,  in  one  of  the  largest  high  schools,  a  similar 
series  is  being  given  free  to  the  children  of  the  seventh,  eighth  and 
ninth  grades  by  the  Director  of  Visual  Instruction  of  the  New 
York  City  schools. 

Such  specially  prepared  programs  for  children  put  on  as  a 
community  service  seems  to  be  the  ideal  solution  of  "The  Problem 
of  the  Movies."  That  there  are  obstacles  to  overcome  is  to  be  ex- 
pected, but  through  cooperation  they  can  surely  be  removed. 

As  a  first  step  toward  that  cooperation  let  every  club,  or 
other  group  of  women,  who  would  like  to  see  this  work  inaugu- 
rated in  their  own  community  and  would  be  glad  to  undertake  it 
send  a  letter  to  the  writer  giving  expression  to  their  desire  and 
making  known  something  of  their  local  conditions.  Every  such 
letter  will  help  in  the  work  of  overcoming  the  obstacles. 


GRAPHOSCOPE'S  OWN  FILM  SERVICE 

THE  Graphoscope  Company,  manufacturers  of  motion  picture 
projectors,  have  an  interesting  plan  for  developing  a  film 
distribution  service  which  will  be  of  great  value  both  to  producers 
of  non-theatrical  pictures  and  to  the  many  schools,  churches  and 
community  centers  which  are  looking  for  this  service.  In  each 
of  their  twenty-six  service  companies  they  are  developing  this 
service  which  includes  the  projection  of  films  for  exhibitors. 
These  films  are  supplied  by  the  Red  Cross,  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  National 


THE  well  equipped  projection  room  of  the  Graphoscope  Service 
Company,  Washington,  D.  C.  Here  films  are  screened  and  booked 
for  owners  of  Graphcseope  projectors — an  important  new  development 
In  the  non-theatrical  field. 


ARISTOCRAT  OF  THE  FLOWER  WORLD  IN 
PICTOGRAPH  7056 
'T'HE  picture  shows  some  remarkable  and  interesting  facts  about 
■*■  the  orchid — facts  which  disclose  the  truth  about  this  mys- 
terious and  remarkable  plant.  It  proves  that  the  orchid  is  not,  as 
is  commonly  believed  a  parasit,  but,  on  the  contrary,  an  indepen- 
dent plant  which  lives  entirely  upon  light  and  air  and  which, 
although  it  attaches  itself  to  the  shrubs  and  trees  of  the  tropics 
does  not  draw  its  sustenance  from  them. 

The  picture  shows  how  cross  pollenization  produces  many  new 
specimens;  how  the  seeds  (maturing  after  many  months  of  patient 
care),  are  planted  on  a  simple  preparation  of  moss,  peat,  and  char- 
coaL  It  shows  how  the  plant  conserves  moisture  in  its  own  little 
private  reservoir  against  dry  days  to  come  and  how  the  maturing 
bud  is  guarded  by  a  thick  sheath  from  accident  or  harm.  The 
picture  brings  information  to  the  layman  and  delight  to  the  horti- 
culturist 


Catholic  Council,  industrial  producers,  and  other  organizations. 
Five  of  these  offices  are  already  in  operation  and  it  is  hoped  that 
within  the  next  two  or  three  months  the  service  will  make  it 
possible  for  non-theatrical  users  to  select  films  in  their  county 
centers. 

In  Washingtoi)  alone  700  reels  a  month  are  being  distributed  by 
this  service,  and  twenty-seven  churches  besides  schools  and  com- 
munity centers  are  being  assisted  to  select  films  by  this  organiza- 
tion. 

Rev.  E.  C.  Horn,  formerly  of  Redwood  Falls,  Minn.,  is  now 
pastor  of  the  Methodist  Church  at  Fairmont,  Minn.  He  is  an 
enthusiast  on  the  subject  of  motion  pictures  in  churches  and 
through  his  elTorts  at  a  recent  Sunday  morning  service  in  Fair- 
mont nearly  $1,000  were  subscribed  by  the  congregation  for  the 
purchase  of  up-to-date  projection  equipment  and  operating  ex- 
penses.       > 


URBAN  INSTITUTE 

Charles  Urban,  Educational  Film  Pioneer,  Purchases  Former 

Home  of  Cosmopolitan  Magazine  at 

IrTington-on-the-HuSson,  N.  Y. 

A  N  indication  of  the  growing  inijiortance  and  commercial  possi- 
■'^  hilities  of  the  non-theatrical  motion  picture  field  was  evidenced 
recently  in  the  purchase  by  Charles  Urban,  president  of  Kineto 
Company  of  America,  Inc.,  and  Urban 
Motion    Picture    Industries,    Inc.,    of 
the  building  formerly  occui)ied  l)y  the 
(  ()■  iic«)|it«n      .Maga- 
zine  St    Irvington-on- 
tho-Hudson,     N.      Y. 
Mf.  Urban  has  within 
the  past  twenty  years 
demonstrated    his 
abiding      faith      in 
the    future   of   the 
educational   motion 
picture    by    invest- 
ing  large   sums   in 
the    accumulation 
of    valuable    nrga- 
tiven.     As  B  fitting 
rllmax  to  his  yrurs 
of  effort  and  outbiy 
••    an    educational 


i%  lW\W^^.,„ 


'pHE  beautiful  clauic  structure  at  Irvincton-on-the-Hodaon,  N.  Y.,  which  may  stand  as  a  monument 
^  to  the  Jtre  work  of  Cbarlet  Urban  at  an  educational  film  pioneer. 

20 


film  pioneer  he  has  effected  the  purchase  of  this  splendid  classic 
structure  designed  by  the  late  Stanford  White.  Those  wlio  know 
and  love  Charles  Urban  and  admire  him  for  the  wonderful  pioneer 
work  he  has  done  during  the  past  two  decades  will  hope  that 
Urban  Institute,  the  name  he  has  given  to  this  former  shrine  of 
literature,  may  prove  to  be  his  monument.  May  it  not  also  prove 
a  Mecca  for  Pilgrims  seeking  the  light  in  visual  education? 

Urban  Institute,  it  is  announced,  is  to  be  the  future  home  of  the 

Movie  Chat,  the   Kineto  Review,  the  Science  Series,  the  World 

Travel   Series  and  other  short   subjects  which  eventually  are  to 

comprise  "The  Living  Book  of  Knowledge,"  a  world  encyclopedia 

in  motion  picture  form.     At  Urban  Institute  .also  are  to 

l)e   pianufactured    the    Spirograph,    a    miniature    home, 

school,  and  sales 
projector  using  a 
film  disc,  and  the 
Kinekroni,  a  new 
color  jiroccss;  It 
is  understoo<l  that 
in  one  wing  of  the 
building  will  be 
housed  the  Scien- 
tific Film  Com- 
pany, directed  by 
Charles  F.  Herm, 
who  specializes  in 
m  i  c  r  o-cinematog- 
raphy. 


^2^20^2^2^3^33g3e:5SS3S2^^25^a?a 


I 
f 

I 

i 

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f 
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T.\-i^^^»^i^^^^^.5.^^^V^V^^^^ 


The  Maximum  in  Film  Instruction 

Prepared,  Edited  and  Titled  by  Some  of  the  Leading  Educational  Authorities  of  the  United  States 


Here  is  the  Ideal  Course  of  Visual  Education 
for    School,   Class   and    Lecture    Room 


iWorld-wide  in  scope— the  FORD  EDUCA- 
TIONAL LIBRARY,  founded  by  Henry 
Ford,  commends  itself  instantly  to  Superintend- 
ents, Principals  and  Teachers  seeking  the 
maximum  in  interest-compelling  instruction  and 
educational  value  in  motion  pictures.  Typical  of 
the  personality  of  its  founder,  the  FORD  EDU- 
CATIONAL LIBRARY  inaugurates  a  new 
era  in  educational  films.  They  are  produced 
without  thought  of  profit  and  are  distributed  at 
an  absolute  minimum  of  cost  to  the  subscriber. 

Personnel  of  Its  Editors 

The  authorities  who  will  edit,  prepare  and  direct 
the  formation  of  the  FORD  EDUCATIONAL 
LIBRARY  will  be  men  distinguished  in  their 
particular  subjects — men  who  have  successfully 
adopted  and  used  the  motion  picture  and  the 
screen  for  visual  educational  purposes. 

Opportunity  will  be  afforded  all  schools,  colleges 
and  universities  to  put  into  execution  the  motion 
picture  ideals  and  plans  of  their  professors  and 
teachers  who  have  made  the, educational  institu- 
tions of  America  the  peer  of  the  'world. 

The  Plan  of  Distribution 

The  FORD  EDUCATIONAL  LIBRARY 
will  be  ideally  distributed.    Selection  of  subjects 


Fitzpatrkk  Si  McEIroy,  Depc.  L, 
202  S.  Statt  St.    ~ 


16 
.  Chicago 

Gentlemen  —  Please  give  me  full  information  on  Ford 
Edacational  Library.  I  am  especially  interested  in  the 
loUowins  sabjeetx: 


Name 

Sehod 

Street 

City State. 


llllllilHlliiiMiftiriiiiiiimTiNiiinniiiiiiiinniuLiiiimiiMiinnTiiiiiininLiiimiiiiiirTfffftimil 


to  conform  with  the  actual  periods  of  study — 
retention  of  films  for  an  entire  school  week — 
establishment  of  circuits  of  schools  in  order  to 
reduce  shipping  costs  and  promote  co-operative 
instruction,  are  but  a  few  of  the  advantages 
offered  by  this  new  plan  of  distribution. 

Subjects  Covered 

The  first  series,  now  ready,  contains  four  div- . 
isions,  embracing  both  regional  and  industrial 
geography,  history,  agriculture  and  civics.  A 
printed  synopsis,  giving  an  outline  of  the  subject 
matter,  description  of  contents,  and  suggestions 
for  use,  goes  with  each  film.  Forty  subjects, 
one  for  each  school  week  of  the  year,  are  con- 
tained in  the  first  series  which  will  be  followed 
by  others  covering  the  entire  school  curriculum. 

Cost  Is  Minimiun  To  You 

The  FORD  EDUCATIONAL  LIBRARY 
has  been  produced  solely  to  render  this  great 
work  of  instruction  available  to  every  school  and 
institution  in  America  whether  small  or  large. 
Accordingly  the  cost  of  subscription  which  covers 
the  physical  distribution  to  the  subscriber,  has 
been  reduced  to  the  absolute  minimum.  You  are 
invited  to  clip  and  mail  the  coupon  below,  which 
will  bring  complete,  detailed  information  to  you 
by  return  mail. 

Fitzpatrick  &  McElroy 

Sole  Representatives  of  the 
202  South  State  Street,  Chicago 


I 


I 


Mi.^^^^^k^'^^^i^^i^^^^^^^^^^^i^i^i^^^^^ 


21 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 

News  Notes  and  Comment  on  Educational  and  Allied  Films 

from  Institutions,  Organizations,  Producers  and  Individuals 

in  the  United  States  and  Canada  and  Overseas 


LADY  DIANA  MANNERS,  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  women  in  Great 
Britain  and  a  daughter  of  the  Duke 
of  Rutland,  has  signed  a  contract  with  J. 
Stuart  Blackton,  American  film  producer, 
to  become  a  movie  star.  Is  this  another 
example  of  the  American  invasion  of 
Europe? 

A  new  motion  picture  trade  journal 
has  appeared  in  Berlin,  called  The  Film 
Exprest.  It  is  printed  in  three  languages: 
English,  French  and  Spanish. 

K- 

A  film  showing  the  origin  and  effect  of 
social  diseases  was  shown  to  1500  negro 
men  at  a  meeting  at  Bailey's  Theater,  At- 
lanta, Ga.,  recently,  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Atlanta  Urban  League.  Doctors 
Burton  and  Stewart  of  the  U.  S.  Public 
Health   Service   addressed   the   men. 

Two  reels  showing  the  progress  of 
business  methods  from  the  earliest  days 
to  the  present,  leading  up  to  the  type- 
writer, the  telephone  and  modern  adding 
and  bool(keeping  machines,  were  screened 
at  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Port  Huron, 
Mich.,  with  Arthur  Witt  Ramsdell  of  the 
Burroughs  Adding  Machine  Company  as 
lecturer. 

Dr.  Samuel  G.  Grant,  of  New  York  City, 
spoke  recently  before  the  Bergen  County 
Medical  Society  at  the  Union  League  Club 
in  Hackensack,  N.  J.,  on  "The  Surgical 
Treatment  of  Chronic  Diarrhoea"  and  "The 
Technique  of  Ano-Rectal  Operations." 
His  talk   was   illustrated. 

f 
A  travelers'  aid  film,  to  acquaint  the 
public  with  the  work  and  needs  of  the 
Travelers'  Aid  representatives,  was  shown 
recently  for  two  days  at  the  Crystal 
Theater,  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  with  the 
cooperation  of  the  local  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

The  Grammar  School  of  Newark,  Calif., 
has  purchased  modern  motion  picture 
equipment  with  a  fund  of  $500,  of  which 
$800  was  supplied  by  the  Woman's  Im- 
provement Club. 

«■ 
Marguerite  Clark,  in  "Widow  by  Proxy," 
was  screened   the  afternoon   and   evening 
of  December   1   and   2   by   the   Woman's 
Literary  Club  of  Holland,  Mich. 


World  War  veterans  in  the  hospitals  oi 
Portland,  Ore.,  are  to  be  entertained 
with  movies  of  their  own  choosing. 


"A  Trip  To  Mars,"  a  feature  film  pro- 
duced in  Denmark,  which  depicts  a  planet 
that  abolished  war  ages  ago,  was  shown  re- 
cenUy  at  the  67th  Street  Y.M.C.A.,  New 
York  City,  in  connection  with  a  lecture  by 
Frances  S.  Onderdonk  on  "How  To  Fight 
Soul  Famine."  He  also  used  colored  lan- 
tern slides  describing  social  conditions  in 
mid-Europe  and  the  Near  East. 


At  the  meeting  of  the  Brooklyn  Women's 
Clubs,  Dr.  F.  Marion  Tucker,  President  of 
the  Drama  League  of  New  York,  spoke 
on  "The  Educational  Side  of  Motion  Pic- 
tures as  They  Apply  to  Children."  The 
speaker  doubted  the  value  of  the  comer 
movie  and  suggested  the  organisation  of 
neighborhood  groups  to  work  in  coopera- 
tion with  the  National  Board  of  Review. 


The  Bay  City,  Mich.,  Community  Board 
has  purchased  two  motion  picture  projec- 
tion machines  and  has  arranged  bookings 
for  local  organizations.  The  films  are 
carefully  selected  and  are  designed 
especially  for  viewing  by  parents  and 
children. 


W.  F.  Woodward,  Director  of  High 
Schools,  Portland,  Ore.,  has  laid  before  the 
school  board  of  that  city  a  plan  to  film 
the  work  of  the  children  in  the  Benson 
Polytechnic  and  other  local  high  schools. 
Estimates  of  $800  to  $2,000  were  submit- 
ted on  the  cost  of  filming.  The  pictures 
are  to  be  exhibited  in  local  theaters. 


Motion  pictures  made  by  the  Loyal 
Order  of  Moose  at  their  institute  in 
Mooseheart,  111.,  were  recently  shown  at 
the  Illinois  Theater  in  Macon,  111.,  with  Dr. 
B.  Martin  Weiss,  district  deputy  super- 
visor, as  lecturer.  The  pictures  describe 
how  this  generous  fraternal  organization 
trains  the  children  of  deceased  members 
for  a  life  career. 


The  Pennsylvania  State  Board  of  Cen- 
sors has  placed  a  ban  on  films  which 
glorify  crime  or  offer  on  the  screen  crimi- 
nal careers  or  adventures  of  a  fascinating 
or  alluring  character.  No  pictures  will 
be  passed  in  which  criminals  are  shown 
as  heroes  of  education  and  refinement, 
who  live  in  luxury  and  persistently  defy 
and  elude  the  authorities  by  their  superior 
wit,  resources  and  audacity,  even  though 
in  the  end  the  law  catches  them. 


Educators  and  Educational  Exchanares  Take  Notice. 

We  have  an  over  supply  of  material  and  offer  the  following 
used,  but  in  first  class  condition,  film   at  sacrifice  prices. 


Passion  Play 
Wrath   of  the   Gods 
Whom  the  Gods  Destroy 
Rip  Van  Winkle 
Life   of   Napoleon 


Ala  Baba  and  Forty  Thieves 

Tour  of  South  America 

Around  the  World  In  «0  Days 

Mother 

Humorous  side  of  the  War 


We  have  over  500 
single  reel  educational 
Alms,  travel,  history,  ici- 
ence,  etc.,  both  natural 
colored  and  hand  col- 
ored. We  will  sell  s 
limited  number  of  these 
films  at  from  17.50  to  tlO 
per   reel;   send  for   list. 


The  above  subject*  are  all  multiple  reel  subjects 
SPECIAL   LOT  OF   PRIZMA 

Colored  Subjects  at  $30.00  per  reel 

We  are  importers  and  exporters  of  film  and  can  get  you  anything  you 
want  if  not  on  hand,  our  vaults  contain  hundreds  of  subjects  suitable  for 
your  work.     Write  us. 

We  supply  everything  but  the  audiences 

ALL  STAR  BOOKING  SERVICE,  1305  Arch  Street,  Phila.,  Pa. 


MOTION    PICTURE    PHOTOGRAPHY 

A    COMPLBTB   COURSE 

A  practicable,  usable,  standard  treatise 
for  both  the  profefuiional  clnematacrapher 
und  tlHMC  without  experience.  About  900 
pages — 400  pages  of  text  and  100  pages 
uf  illustrations— by  New  York  Institute  of 
fhotofrapky. 

Edited  by  Lieut.  Carl  L.  Ortgory,  F.  K. 
P.  B.,  Chief  Instructor  In  Llnematognipliy 
for  the  Government  Signnl  Corps  School 
iif  Photography,  at  C^rumbla  iTnlveniity, 
with  sperial  chapters  by  Charlts  W.  Httjl 
man,  celebrateil  Feature  Photographer, 
and  by  Krirarch  HpeciaUsIt  of  the  Kant 
Tiinn   Kodak  Co, 

l*Uini.'  di^  f\n**ONKY  REFUNDED 
I  nlL.h  .J50.UU  if  not  satisfied  with 
this   course   after   5   days'  examination. 

lEff  mi  IMTITUTE  OF  PNOTOfiRtPHT    ^iSen,"  liSH'r"? 

Oept  5 — 145  W.  36th  S(..  N.  Y.  t«nD»  on   requwt. 


Y  "**•*-*■"" 


22 


THE   EDUCATIONAL   FILM    IN 
GERMANY 

Br  Paul  P.  FoaxEa 

(Conclution) 

rllS  Bavarian  organization  intends  to 
make  a  systematic  study  of  existing 
pictorial  material,  both  films  and  lan- 
tern slides;  it  hopes  to  suggest  and 
effect  improvements  in  new  subjects, 
and  to  advise  and  help  teachers  in 
the  proper  use  of  pictures  in  school 
courses.  Among  its  other  ambitions  are 
the  promotion  of  social  welfare  by  the  use 
of  pictures  and  the  establishment  of  an 
official  information  bureau  and  archive 
for  accredited  educational  subjects,  both 
films  and  lantern  slides.  . 

The  motion  picture  has  aroused  the  in- 
terest of  sociologists  and  educators  in  sev- 
eral other  parts  of  Germany  as  well.  In 
many  places  such  persons  have  formed 
organizations  to  bring  about  an  improve- 
ment in  the  average  German  film  drama 
and  comedy,  most  of  which  would  not  be 
tolerated  by  self-respecting  Anglo-Saxons. 
In  several  towns  where  their  efforts  to 
induce  the  theater  proprietor  to  secure 
better  films  were  unsuccessful,  such  soci- 
eties now  run  their  own  picture  shows. 
One  of  the  most  successful  organizations 
of  this  sort  is  the  BilderbUhnerbund,  with 
headquarters  in  Stettin,  which,  from  small 
beginnings  in  the  city  of  Stettin,  now  serve 
thirty  or  forty  smaller  towns  in  north- 
em  Germany.  This  society  has  done 
much  to  popularize  the  educational  film 
and  has  succeeded  in  installing  motion  pic- 
ture courses  in  several  school  centers.  Its 
promoters  have  recently  formed  a  com- 
pany, called  the  Reform  Film  Gesellschaft, 
whose  object  is  to  produce  educational 
pictures  to  meet  the  increasing  demands 
of  the  growing  circle  of  members  of  the 
Bilderbiihnerbund. 

Through  the  concerted  efforts  of  such 
organizations  as  this  Germany  has  recently 
established  a  government  censorship  of 
films  which  may  eventually  bring  about 
.some  improvement  in  their  present  low 
moral  standard.  That  the  Germans  them- 
selves realize  that  the  average  film  drama 
and  comedy  is  unfit  for  young  people  to 
see  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  persons 
under  eighteen  years  of  age,  whether  ac- 
companied by  their  parents  or  not,  are 
not  allowed  to  enter  a  motion  picture 
theater ;  this  law  is  strictly  enforced.  Chil- 
dren are  allowed  to  attend  special  exhibi- 
tions of  educational  subjects,  however, 
and  in  many  German  cities  such  exhibi- 
tions are  given  regularly  on  Saturday 
mornings  or  afternoons  throughout  the 
year.  The  increasing  demand  for  good 
material  for  these  programs  has  un- 
doubtedly done  much  to  induce  the  lead- 
ing Germem  film  companies  to  undertake 
the  systematic  production  of  educational 
subjects. 


Up  in  Crookston,  Minn.,  educational 
motion  pictures  have  been  shown  weekly 
at  the  local  schoolhouse. 

The  official  film  record  of  H.  M.  S. 
Renown't  World  Tour  carrying  the 
Prince  of  Wales  and  his  staff,  entitled 
"60,000  Miles  with  the  Prince  of  Wales." 
is  being  distributed  by  the  Film  Booking 
Offices,  Ltd.,  of  London.  Captain  William 
Barker  was  the  cinematographer  of  the 
tour.  Every  class  of  British  subject- 
Australian  settler,  Maori,  Fijian,  Samoan 
and  New  Zealander — is  shown  greeting  the 
heir  to  the  British  throne. 


Guazonni'g  impressive  historical  spec- 
tacle "The  Sack  of  Rome"  was  recently 
shown  at  the  Aliiambra  in  London  by  the 
Phillips  Film  Company.  The  big  scenes, 
said  to  be  founded  upon  historical  events, 
are  linked  together  Ijy  an  absorbing  love 
story.  The  film  deals  with  the  bitter 
rivalry  existing  early  in  the  Sixteenth 
Century  between  Cardinal  Colloni  and 
Pope  Clement  VIL 

The  board  of  education  of  Arkansas, 
Kan.,  has  installed  a  motion  picture  pro- 
jector in  each  of  the  city  schools,  to  show 
films  of  educational  value. 


Have  you  read  about  our  great  Looie- 
Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service  on 
page  4  of  thi>  ittue?    If  not,  do  to  NOW. 


THE   elapsing    time,   and    the   distance 
passed   over,   can   be   shown    in   the 
moTing  picture  and  in  the  animated 
diagram. 

These  are  of  great  value  in  the  scientific 
study  of  the  movements  of  men  and 
machines. 

I  will  undertake  to  prepare  them  to 
specification. 

W.  O.  OWBN,  2719  Onurio  Rowl  N.  W. 
Wuhingtoa,  D.  C. 


SMotion  Pictures 
of  Your  Children 

fVeddings,  parties,  social  gatherings. 
Industrial,  Educational  and  every 
phase  of  indoor  and  outdoor  life. 

LIFSHEY  &  BROfVN 

FIRESIDE  FILM  STUDIO.  Inc. 

537  FIFTH  AVENUE 

NEW  YOKK 

Demonstration  at  the  Studio 


Zenith  Portable 

MOTION  PICTUREPROJECIOR 


./I  STANDARD  MACHINE 
-not  a  makeshift! 


Approved  and  listed  as 

a.  standard  machine  by  ihe 
Underwriters'  L&boratories 
of  the  National  Board  of 
Fire  Underwriters, 
AtUJust  20?  1920. 


Projector  $225. 

■    Motor  40. 

Siereopficon  25. 

600-W&U  Mud.  Ump       6. 


Vfe  the  price  of 
any  other  S^dard 

f 


SFOR  universal  use  because  ift 

jSAFE-SIMPLE'-SOUND-SURE!  ( 

%"ZENrm  POPTABLF'Kas  universal  motor;  akenrafinrf 
or  tlireci  current;  Kiwi  or  low  voltage:  sfereopticon  attacnmeni. 

Eadi  part  and  every  maaune  is  Konestly  ouilt  ana  wll^uaiBnieea. 
^"ZtNrni"meefe  every  Rtgector  rec]uirement-in  the  Viferld  I 

lie  can  use  a  ^iin-irade  dealer  in  a  lew  unconiiacfed  ierriioriea 

Rtzpatrick&McElrcy 

VOU  REPRI3CNTAT1VC5 

ftAe 
%il 

sncf  iAe 

"TtNITH  PORTABL^PROJECTOR 
202  South  Stale  Street  CJiica^ 


23 


== — = 

FOOT  FOLLY 

Hj^R^I 

^^^KT^H 

Produced  by 

^^^^1   ^^M 

CARLTLE  ELLIS 

^^^^k  ^H 

A     Baby's     feet     are 

^^HP^v-  '^^1 

right.     Most  other  feet 

^^^^^^H     ^H 

are  wrong — and  ugly — 

^^^^    ^hmhI 

unnecessarily.  The  trag- 

^^^^^^^^^K^l 

ic     and    amusing    why 

^H^^^^^^^^^H 

and    wherefore    in    two 

^^^^^^^^^1 

reels. 

1      "A  shoe  sermon  preache 
of  suggestion  and  direct 
other  medium." 

d  with  sly  humor,  a  grace 
effect  impossible  in  any 

PRICE  of  one  Posi- 

X^^^M^\ 

tive-Print  (2  reeU)          > 

'  nvlV'm  ^ 

Two     Hundred      / 

^^hHKj^m 

Dollars.               / 

^^^l^^^n 

/ 
Exclusive   Selling 

^^^■^^^K 

Rights 

^^^K^^H 

CARLYLE  ELLIS       V' 

^^^f^^^m^^ 

71   W.   23rd   Street,    ^ 

^^^^^^^■ilr 

New  York,  N.  Y.         ^ 

^^^^^^^^f^ 

Telephone  Gramercy  960 

When  the  patrons  of  your  thea- 
ter exclaim  over  the  wonderful 
screen  effects,  they  are  paying  a 
tribute  not  only  to  the  director  and 
producer  but  to  the  quality  of  the 
film  that  makes  such  pictures  pos- 
sible— 

EASTMAN 
FILM 


EASTMAN    KODAK  COMPANY 
ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


THE 

COSMOGRAPH 


Model  S-S-One 

For  use  with  SAFETY  STANDARD  FILM  and 
LANTERN  SLIDES 

We  build  the  COSMOGRAPH  to  accommodate  both 
slow  burning  narrow  width  and  standard  width  film 
in  several  different  models.  Model  SS-1  is  equipped 
with  a  400  Watt  Mazda  Nitrogen  filament  lamp.  We 
can  furnish  other  model  machines  to  accommodate 
600  or  1000  Watt  lamps. 

Advise  us  the  purpose  you  expect  to  use  the  machine 
for,  and  let  us  suggest  the  model  that  we  think  will 
fit  your  requirements  best. 

This  machine  is  a  practical,  substantially  built  Port- 
able, as  well  as  Semi-professional  Motion  Picture 
Projector,  has  stereopticon  attachment,  direct  con- 
nected G.  E.  Universal  motor,  for  either  AC  or  DC. 
Every  machine  is  fxiUy  guaranteed,  there  is  more 
real  value  in  a  Cosmograph  than  any  other  machine 
on  the  market. 

CAUTION. 

Do  not  purchase  REBUILT  Cosmograph  Machines 
or  any  other  kind  and  expect  us  to  stand  back  of 
them  unless  purchased  direct  from  us  or  one  of  our 
authorized  dealers,  names  of  whom,  as  well  as  other 
information,  will  be  cheerfully  furnished  on  request. 

Agents  Wanted  Everywhere 


General  Sales  Offices 

Broadway  Film  Building 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO 


Factory 

Cosmograph  Building 

MOREHEAD,  KENTUCKY 


The  Cosmograph  Motion  Picture  Maciiine  Co.  inc. 


E^ubliahed  1910 


LEO  E.  DWYER,  Gen'l  Solci  Manager 


24 


tjimf,  I.  •;  t.  Aualrftllft. 


iDTwabar  9th.    ^i3$. 


«►"« 


140  ooUrlo  Str«*l, 
CMB^a,    111. 

Otw  tlrci- 

On  e  cauat  of  Um  h4«t7  l*tur  I  aroU  jou  juai 
tefop*   I  l*rt  for  Um  ■•*  B«bri<Ui,    Mna  aontha  aso,    I 

thffusht  jou  vould  b*  el>d  t'O  kno*  tlut  b*th  Unt«*r*al» 
■t»od  up  enftt.   «•   Bpaot  <ls  man:h»  aaons  ttte  twftd  h^tar* 
«•    owuilb'U*  of  MalvkiU*.   ud  uMd  ota;   tt>*   t*o  Unlvartala, 

I  bav*   Juat   rialabad  printing  \*»  poaltlvaa, 
and  vltTioiit  a  AouM.  thay  an  tba   flaaat  fllaa   I  han 
t»ar  aada—U  fact   tfiar*   la  not  a  fool  of  poor  fll«  xmong 
Kba  tvantj-riva  thouaand  faat. 

Tha  old  eaaara  tliat  I  uaad  do*n  bar«  t>o  ytara 
■80  atood  up  aa  vall  m  tha  na«  ooa,  aad  outil'a  of  acu-a 
Bad  acratehaa  eauaad  bj  long  aipadltloaa  tlirougli  tha 
juMlaa  and  oTar  ■ountalna,  tt  la  m  good  aa  naw—ln  faat, 
»t  a  Ilka  an  old  aba*.  It  la  Ilka  a  pw-t  of  ■•,  and  I  alU 
•laaja  uaa   ll   in  prafarano*   to  aa;  otter. 

lllJ  aaod  Tou  aoM  photosrapba  on  ttaa  aait 


Slncaraij  joura 


^ 


nu  aar  uaa   tMa  latUr  ot  w  p4rt  la  adwrti.in-     » 
nait  faatura  that  -lU  ba   ralaaaad  In  aboyt   a.z  aS^tha 
•111  er»at  a  aaaaatlon.   It   la  the  aoat  »ondarful   ril«  of 
Mploralloo  that  haa  avar  baaa  oada,   and  tha  pbotograpJu 
la  parfaeU-lt  vm  all  Mda  oa  tba  t>o  Onl«riala. 

It  wUl  FTotellr  b»  «*ll»d  WILD  NSa  OF  ■ALEIULA, 


'Shooting'  the 
wild  men  with  a 

UNIVERSAL 


IN  a  climate  of  intense 
heat,  averaging  130 
degrees,  traveling  in 
whale  boats  and  through 
trackless  forests,  Martin 
Johnson,  the  noted  explorer, 
carried  the  Universal 
Camera  to  Avhich  he  refers 
in  this  letter. 

With  this  camera  he  made  25,000 
feet  of  perfect  film,  and  it  came 
through  this  endurance  test  as  sound 
and  perfect  as  the  day  it  left  our 
factory. 

When  you  see  Johnson's  wonderful 
pictures  of  the  savage  South  Sea 
Islanders,  you  will  have  demonstrated 
to  you  the  kind  of  film  the  Universal 
makes.  This  is  the  camera  used 
exclusively  by  explorers,  travelers, 
the  United  States  Army  and  educa' 
tional  film  makers. 

Write  for  illustrated  booklet  on  the 
Universal.  It  tells  why  the  Universal 
will  one  day  be  your  camera. 


Burke  4  James  iw 

253  EAST  ONTARIO  STREET,  CHICAGO 
225  FIFTH  AVENUE,  NEW  YORK  CITY 


/ 


Urban 
Popular 
Classics 


THEIR  value  is  three  fold:    To  en- 
tertain,  to   instruct   and  to  aid  in 
commerce. 

The  finest  theatres,  such  as  the  Capi- 
tol, Rivoli  and  Rialto  in  New  York, 
use  them  constantly. 

The  schools — New  York  City's,  for 
example — employ  them  to  supplement 
text  books  and  oral  instruction. 

Business  organizaticjns  find  them  in- 
valuable; i.  e.,  "The  Science  of  a  Soap 
Bubble"  is  used  by  soap  manufactur- 
ers; "Fortune  Builders,"  the  story  of 
the  silk  moth,  is  used  by  silk  manu- 
facturers.    And  so  with  many. 

All  are  of  permanent  value. 
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FILM 

MAGAZINE 

'■  The  International  Authority  of  the 
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KMl.  you  hkT*  not  uk»«  Ur  IhU  UtUr.  I  f*»l  Ihrt  It  U  r**tlf 
du«  ymi  o»lfn  to  th«  wonderful  p»rtoei»na»  ttol  ta«  bMa  •ho«it  fcy  ouf 
OnlT«rt«l   C»i.«r««.      I  mh  not  •pff*''  too  highly  of  thl«  cfcitor*  for  t«a- 
•r«l   purpoi*!.     K*  hfc«  tt»«d  U  for  ri«14  writ  of  •!!  kind,  uid  h«« 
MTor  y*d  -ny  lr«u*l«  wUttft^Tor  -Hh  tho  M-h**!"  of  tho  MohU**. 

On*  of  our  Mohljiai  has  liton  v»*i  eon«l<l»r*bly  for  i»T«r  two  y*f 
without  H«*l*c  *>••"  OTortX"*!**  •'  ^•^  •"!'  rop«lr«  whfctMmr.      It  h«i 
|»d  tho  ti»rdMt  kin*  of  u»*  .     Ouf  •P''>'   !•  •IV't  MolmlTolj  MoA^ 
t«  Uio  tr"otor,  truok  •ni  ttrm  tapl«w«nt   Industry,     thii  work  l«ko^ 
M  into  •««•  of  lh»  T«fy  h»rtMl  pUw  to  work  b«l  w.  .iMya  oo«*  out 
wlUt  K  porfiot  flU  wh«n  «•  u*a  th»  Vnlvoraal. 

PvraoMllr.  I  •»»»•  «"•*  t**!*  ■••'•l"*  i"  ***  •kln«  of  eoMldor«bl« 
ftlr-pUn*  fll«  «nd  fin*  th*l  it«  tturdy  •onttrvotlon  utd  dopontobllltf 
U  •ipoolally  Wll  adAft«d  to  tbl»  "orl  of  work. 

«w  h»«,  la  f*ct    ted  tueh  <«««  wooo*!  wltji  «ur  «lr-pUM  phsta* 
*f»phy  ihat  w*  «r«  noT  pattlnc  U  «"■  "■  pl«»*  ^^  ***•  •»••••'  ■•»* 
•nd  eoR  M«f«  rM  «>«  th»l»  Will  *•  «•  •!»«••  *wt  tJiil»or«»l  Ommm* 
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lou  h*M  IV  p«r*l>tle«  ta  fbtillah  this  latlor  If  yo«  m*  fit  M« 
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The  need  for  the  right  kind  of  motion  pictures  for  use  in 
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Chicago,  111 845  So.  Wabash  Ave. 

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Cincinnati,  0 107  W.  3rd  St. 

Kansas  City,  Mo 2024  Broadway 

New  York 729  7th  Av«. 

San  Francisco 821  Market  St. 

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Minneapolis,  Minn 608  1st  Ave.  N. 

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Buffalo,  N.  Y 145  Franklin  St. 

Albany,  N.  Y 33  Orange  St. 


New  Haven,  Conn 132  Meadow  St. 

Omaha.  Nebr 208  So.  13th  St. 

Detroit,  Mich 63  Elizabeth  St. 

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I  '    Nt.W    YORK^    ■  ' 


Publislied  Montlily  at  White  Plains,  \.  Y..  and  33  W.  42n(l  Street.  New  York  City.  (Address  all  communications  to  N.  Y.  City  offices.)  DOLPH 
E.^STMAN,  Editor  nnrt  Pi(hlisher,  Siitiscription :  United  States  and  Powessions,  $1  a  year;  other  countries,  $2  a  year;  single  copies,  15  cents. 
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Bleecker   St..    Toronto,    Canada.  Advertising   rates   on  application.  Copyright,  1921,  by  Dolph  Ea.stman. 


Vol.  V. 


FEBRUARY,   1921 


No.  2 


IN  THIS  ISSUE 


EDITORIAL    5 

The  Oiurch  as  a  Film  Producer — Visual  Education  on  a 
Sound    Basis 

A  QUESTIONNAIRE  ON  FILM  TEACHING  6 

By  A.   G.    Dalcom— ///MS^ro^ed 

VISUAL  EDUCATION  FOR  EVERY  SCHOOL  EVERY- 
WHERE   

By    Beatrice    Barrett 

CITIES  EVERYWHERE  BARRING  CRIME  FILMS  

NAT'L  EDUCATION   BILL  FAVORABLY  REPORTED.. 

6,400  SCHOOLS  EQUIPPED   FOR  MOVIES   

FILMING    HISTORIC    TOWNS    OF    BRITAIN    

PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH  IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


Edited   b5'   Maximilian   P.   E.   Groszmann,   Ph.  D. 
Introductory  Article 

RED  CROSS   SOCIETIES   PRODUCING   FILMS   

METHODIST   AND   EPISCOPALIAN   CHURCHES   EN- 
TER   THE    FILM    BUSINESS    

HOW  A  CINCINNATI  CHURCH   USES   FILMS   

By    Rev.    Rajmond    G.    Clapp 

FARM    MARKETING    PROBLEMS    IN    FILM    

AGRICULTURAL  DEP'T  FILM   WORK   

By  F.  W.  Perkins 


8 

9f. 

9 
10 
10 
11 

12 

13 
13 

14 
14 


"CHILDREN'S  PLEASURE  HOUSE"  MOVIES  15 

By   Mary   A.    Brader 

MOVIE  SHOWS   ON   VIRGINIA   FARM   15 

REVIEWS  OF  FILMS  16 

By    Gladys    Bellman — Illustrated 

Over  the  Hill — Bunty  Pulls  the  Strings — Number  Please 
Heidi — Bathing  in  a  Dewdrop — The  Last  of  the  Mohicans 
The  Signing  of  the  Constitution — Spectacular  Hunting  and 
Fishing  Films — Popular  A.stronomy — Movies  of  Marine  Life 

BOOK    REVIEWS    19 

By    Gladys    BoUman 

Fatigue    Study — The    University    Extension    Movement — 

Educational    Advertising 

PROGRAMS    19 

LET  WOMEN'S  CLUBS  "CLEAN  UP"  THE  MOVIES 20 

By    Mrs.    Woodallen    Cliapman 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN  22 

Advertisements 


/, 


Burke    &    James,    Inc. 

Inside   front   cover 

Robertson-Cole  1 

Famous   Players-Lasky    2 

Carter  Cinema  Co 8 

Loose-Leaf  Catalog 4 

E.    G.    Lutz 21 

N.  Y.  Institute  of  Photography.  .21 
Film    Library  Service    21 


Fitzpatrick  &  McElroy 22-23 

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Cosmograph  M.  P.  Machine  Co. ..24 
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Inside   back   cover 
Kineto  Co.  of  America.  .Back  Cover 


THE  LIVING  WORLD 


In  Four  Parts 


n^CiTfrj?    T?     CTAATT?  PRODUCES  ANOTHER  EPOCH-MAKING 
IxiLUnLrrj    Hi.    olUi>  ill  MASTERPIECE  of  micro-photography 


MASTERPIECE  OF  MICRO-PHOTOGRAPHY 

Films  Now  Available 

Used  in  Visual  Instruction  Courses  of  the  New  York  City  Schools 

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1  reel        House  Fly    1  reel 

Soon  To  Be  Released 

Heredity 4  reels  Circulation  of  the  Blood  3  reels 

The  Plant  World 4  reels  Alcohol  and  Efficiency    3  reels 

Astronomy    4  reels      The  Teeth 3  reels 

Sea  Birds  and  Young  .  2  reels  The  Poultry  Industry  .  2  reels 


How  Life  Begins   . 
Monarch  Butterfly 
Bumble  Bee 


For  retital  and 


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Covering  Educational,  Scientific,  Agricultural.  Literary,  Historical,  Juvenile,  Governmental,  Religious,  Travel 
Scenic,  Social  Welfare.  Industrial,  and  Cultural  Motion  Pictures 

PiMhhed    Monthh/    at    White    Plains,   N.    >'.,   and   SS  West    42nd   Street    (Aeolian   Hall,)    New    York    City 
DOLPH  EASTMAN,  tlditor  and  Publisher  GLADYS  BOLLMAN.  Assistant  Editor 


VoL  V. 


FEBRUARY,   1921 


No.  2 


THE  CHURCH  AS  A  FILM  PRODUCER 

AN  article  in  the  Religious  Department  of  this 
issue  tells  of  the  entry  of  the  Methodist  and 
Episcopalian  official  church  boards  into  the 
business  of  seriously  providing  thousands 
of  churches  of  these  two  denominations  with  motion 
picture  programs.  In  the  case  of  the  Methodists 
actual  production  of  films  is  under  way.  That  the 
movement  will  spread  to  take  in  the  Presbyterians,  the 
Baptists,  the  Lutherans,  the  Congregationalists  and 
other  Protestant  organizations  there  is  no  doubt. 
The  Catholics  are  already  deeply  absorbed  in  the 
problem  of  competing  with  neighborhood  movie 
theaters  and  are  giving  creditable  entertainments. 
What  does  all  this  mean? 

It  means  simply  that  the  Church  as  an  institution 
has  thrown  off  the  dark  and  dusty  cloak  of  tradition 
and  has  come  forth  into  the  world  of  men  and  women, 
the  world  of  everyday  thought  and  action,  prepared 
to  serve  the  insistent  needs  of  mankind.  We  said  on 
this  page  nearly  two  years  ago  that  the  Church  would 
have  to  do  this  very  thing  and  utilize  the  power  of 
the  motion  picture,  and  here  it  is.  The  movement 
in  this  direction  was  inevitable  if  religion  was  to  sur- 
vive among  men  and  the  Church  remain  as  one  of 
the  steadying  forces  of  civilization. 

The  reaction  of  the  masses  to  church  film  cam- 
paigns ably  conducted  can  be  gauged  fairly  accur- 
ately, and  their  influence  will  be  all  for  good.  Two 
other  forward  movements  will  probably  be  greatly 
stimulated  by  this  progressive  movement  within  the 
Church:  visual  education  in  schools  and  colleges  will 
be  brought  appreciably  nearer  to  actuality,  and  the 
general  character  of  entertainment  film  productions 
will  undergo  a  change  for  the  better.  It  is  incon- 
ceivable that  educational  authorities  many  of  whom 
are  church  members  and  trustees  will  withhold  ap- 
proval and  appropriations  for  teaching  films  after 
being  convinced  by  visual  demonstrations  in  the 
I  churches.    Similarly  it  is  inconceivable  that  producers 


of  dramas  and  comedies  for  the  screen  will  not  be 
persuaded  by  the  always  effective  argxmient  of  the 
box  office  that  only  those  films  pay  which  the  eager 
millions  wish  to  see ;  and  even  now  thousands  of  regu- 
lar patrons  do  not  desire  any  more  drivel,  rough 
house,  sex  or  crime  stuff — even  now,  before  the 
church  and  the  school  have  entered  upon  their  movie 
campaigns  except  in  a  primitive  and  partial  way. 
Long  before  those  movements  have  reached  their 
crest  millions  of  movie  viewers  in  America,  includ- 
ing the  fans  and  the  personality-worshippers,  will 
have  undergone  a  complete  change  of  heart  towards 
the  screen  and  its  fleeting  shadows. 

VISUAL  EDUCATION  ON  A  SOUND  BASIS 

LAST  month  we  published  a  preparatory  article 
by  Dr.  Groszmann  on  certain  phases  of  visual 
education  as  they  concern  the  child  mind,  and 
this  month  we  are  opening  a  new  Department  of 
Pedagogical  Research  in  Visual  Education,  under  his 
editorship,  which  promises  much  fruitful  effort  in 
this  field.  Already  Dr.  Groszmann  has  won  the  in- 
terest and  cooperation  of  several  of  the  country's 
leading  educators  who  realize  the  need  and  the  im- 
portance of  intensive  research  work  in  this  direction, 
and  they  have  agreed  to  serve  as  active  members  of 
a  Committee  of  Research  under  our  auspices. 

It  is  our  earnest  hope  that  out  of  the  labors  of 
these  able  educators  will  come  results  fraught  with 
the  very  greatest  significance  and  practical  value  to 
the  educational  field.  We  shall  delve  deeply  into 
all  of  the  pedagogical  possibilities  of  both  the  mo- 
tion and  the  still  picture  methods.  We  shall  institute 
tests,  make  comparisons,  prepare  charts  and  tables, 
•  and  endeavor  to  arrive  at  definite  conclusions  in  a 
thoroughly  exhaustive  and  scientific  manner.  All 
preconceived  notions  on  the  subject  of  visual  educa- 
tion will  be  thrust  aside  and  this  committee  of  in- 
vestigators will  start  with  a  clean  slate.  Months 
may  be  required  before  they  will  be  ready  to  sub- 
mit even  a  preliminary  report  of  their  findings. 


A   QUESTIONNAIRE   ON   FILM   TEACHING 


Views  of  a  School   Superintendent   Based   Upon  Two  Years' 
Use  of  Motion  Pictures 

By  a.  G.  Balcom 

Assistant  Superintendent  of  Tublie  Schools,  Newark,  N.  J. 


TO  crystallize  the  subject  and  present  it  in  the  form 
of  specific  questions  and  answers  for  the  benefit  of 
educators  who  are  using  motion  picture  films  as  a 
means  of  instruction  and  those  who  are  thinking 
of  doing  so,  I  have  compiled  the  following  series  of  ques- 
tions and  answers  which  I  hope  will  be  found  of  some 
practical  value  to  the  thousands  who  are  perhaps  asking 
themselves  these  very  questions: 

1.  To  what  extent  will  the  film  sup- 
plant  present   methods   of   teaching? 

My  answers  to  these  questions  are 
based  on  two  years'  experience  in  try- 
ing to  link  up  the  film  to  the  school 
program.  No  one  can  tell  to  what  ex- 
tent the  film  will  supplant  present 
methods  of  teaching.  That  it  will  be- 
come an  important  factor  as  a  means 
of  instruction  I  do  not  question.  The 
fundamental  principles  of  human  ac- 
tivity do  not  change  but  the  means  of 
bringing  things  to  pass  are  constant- 
ly changing.  In  transportation  the 
fundamental  principle  "To  convey 
from  one  place  to  another"  is  the  same 
now  as  a  thousand  years  ago,  but  there 
has  been  a  great  evolution  in  the 
methods  employed.  The  fundamental 
principles  of  teaching  are  the  same  to- 
day as  they  were  in  the  days  of  Pes- 
talozzi,  but  there  have  been  changes  in 
subject  matter   and   methods   since   that   time. 

2.  Will  the  use  of  the  film  enable  children  to  get  an 
education  with  comparatively  little  effort? 

My  direct  answer  to  this  would  be  an  emphatic  No!  A 
wise  use  of  the  film  may  make  the  path  more  attractive  and 
give  a  joyous  zeal  in  surmounting  the  difficulties  but  the 
fact  remains  that  the  work  involved  must  be  done  by  the 
individual  who  is  in  the  process  of  getting  an  education. 
We  make  our  bodies  and  minds  stronger  by  exercising  them. 
The  men  and  women  who  have  attained  success  in  their 
chosen  fields  have  done  so  by  hard  work.  The  good  teacher 
is  the  one  who  inspires  the  pupils  to  do  their  work,  guid- 
ing them  here  and  suggesting  there.  If  the  film  is  rightly 
used  and  the  proper  reaction  be  developed  after  its  showing, 
it  will  lead  to  greater  activity  on  the  part  of  the  pupils 
through  a  greater  interest  in  the  subject. 

3.  Are  we  likely  to  go  to  extremes  in  the  use  of  the 
film  in  attempting  to  teach  some  things  that  can  be  more 
effectively  and  economically  taught  in  other  ways?  ■ 

I  fear  that  this  very  thing  will  occur.  Only  a  few  days 
ago  I  talked  with  a  principal  who  is  most  enthusiastic  re- 
garding the  possibilities  of  the  film  as  a  means  of  instruc- 
tion. He  thought  the  time  would  come  when  the  film  would 
be  used  extensively  in  teaching  all  subjects  and  illustrated 
how  he  thought  it  might  help  in  teaching  the  mechanics 
of    arithmetic.     Those    processes    of    education    requiring 


A.  G.  Balcom 


repetition  and  drill  can  only  be  learned  by  doing  them 
many  times.  Therefore  I  cannot  see  how  the  film  would 
render  very  much  aid  along  this  line.  I  know  of  no  teacher 
who  has  as  yet  exhausted  all  of  the  resources  of  visual  aids, 
such  as  the  map,  chart,  graph,  exhibit,  picture  stereograph, 
and  slide.  There  are  numberless  things  that  may  be  better 
taught  through  the  use  of  one  or  a  combination  of  the 
above  mentioned  aids  than  the  film,  in 
my  judgment,  and  certainly  more 
economically. 

4.     As  a  whole,  have  educators  been 
ultra  conservative   toward   the   film? 

I  think  this  is  true.  We  have  had 
too  much  the  attitude  of  "The  man 
from  Missouri — you'll  have  to  show 
me."  While  the  teachers  and  preach- 
ers have  been  waiting  "to  be  shown" 
the  commercial  interests  of  the  coun- 
try have  monopolized  the  film  for  en- 
tertainment purposes  only.  The  in- 
dustry has  grown  by  leaps  and  bounds 
until  it  has  reached  the  position  of 
third  among  the  great  industries  of  the 
country.  The  film  has  become  the 
popular  medium  of  entertainment. 
The  non-theatrical  demand  for  films, 
until  recently,  has  been  so  meager  that 
producers  have  not  found  it  worth 
while  to  give  much  thought  to  it. 
When  a  sufficient  number  of  educators 
throughout  the  country  have  a  vision  as  to  the  possibilities 
of  the  film  to  supplement  and  vitalize  classroom  instruc- 
tion and  influence  boards  of  education  to  appropriate  money 
for  the  rental  and  purchase  of  films  the  same  as  textbooks 
and  other  school  equipment  are  supplied,  then  there  will 
be  another  angle  to  the  situation  and  producers  will  sit 
up  and  take  notice.  It  is  not  beyond  the  realm  of  possi- 
bility for  boards  of  education  to  take  a  hand  in  production. 
5.  In  supplying  films  for  educational  use  will  there 
be  a  tendency  to  make  them  too  pedantic? 

Very  few  films,  so  far,  have  been  produced  primarily 
for  school  use.  There  is  a  cry  far  and  near  for  this  type 
of  film.  Are  we  sure  we  know  just  what  we  want,  and 
in  supplying  this  need  will  there  be  a  tendency  to  include 
in  the  titles  and  pictures  all  of  the  points  involved  in  teach- 
ing the  subject  illustrated  by  the  film,  or  do  we  want  the 
type  where  the  pictures  and  titles  flow  along  in  a  perfectly 
human  way? 

It  is  assumed  that  the  film  is  only  one  of  many  sources 
of  information  to  be  used  in  taking  up  a  subject  and  that 
it  will  supplement  and  vitalize  the  textbook.  In  my  judg- 
ment, the  use  to  which  a  film  may  be  put  depends  more 
upon  the  vision  of  the  teacher  than  the  character  of  the 
film  itself.  For  some  time  I  have  made  a  practice  of  re- 
viewing all  films  and  assembling  their  titles  in  what  I 
call  a  "digest"  and  sending  this  digest  to  the  schools  two 


6 


5eattie  Public  l,,btaty. 


or  three  days  before  the  films  are  shown.  In  addition  to 
the  titles  the  digest  gives  the  length  of  the  film,  approxi- 
mate time  of  showing,  what  subject  or  subjects  it  links  up 
to  and  six  or  more  suggestive  questions.  I  realize  that  each 
film  will  appeal  differently  to  each  teacher  viewing  it,  and 
that  some  teachers,  in  their  classroom  reaction  on  the  film 
will  frame  up  a  set  of  questions  very  much  better  than 
those  contained  in  the  digest.  The  principal  of  the  school 
keeps  on  file  in  his  office  the  digest  and  supplies  his  teach- 
ers with  as  many  copies  as  they  need. 

I  have  watched  with  a  great  deal  of  interest  the  develop- 
ment of  teachers  in  charge  of  auditoriums  in  our  alternat- 
ing schools.  In  these  schools  comparatively  few  teachers 
outside  of  those  having  charge  of  the  auditoriums  see  the 
films.  So  it  rests  upon  the  auditorium  teacher  to  create  the 
most  favorable  atmosphere  for  the  film  showing.  Some 
teachers  equally  successful  in  apparent  results  do  it  one 
way  and  some  another,  and  some  are  more  successful  than 
others  who  work  along  the  same  lines.  I  have  always  been 
skeptical  of  a  textbook  that  set  apart  so  many  lessons  for 
this  chapter  and  so  many  for  that,  and  one  that  gave  too 
nuch  detail  to  the  steps  to  be  followed  by  the  teacher, 
rhis  type  of  textbook  may  be  necessary  for  some  teachers 
Jut  certainly  not  for  the  great  majority.  The  skilled  teach- 
5r  organizes  her  subject  matter  and  is  by  no  means  con- 
ined  to  one  source  of  information  or  one  textbook  and 
presents  this  matter  in  such  a  way  that  nothing  is  told  a 
jupil  that  he  can  find  out  for  himself  with  reasonable  ef- 
ort. 

Now  the  film  if  rightly  used  will  constitute  but  one  source 
)f  information.  The  subject  matter  of  the  film  must  be 
issimilated  by  a  proper  classroom  reaction.  This  will 
equire  thinking,  both  on  the  part  of  the  teacher  and  pupil. 
After  seeing  the  film  the  pupil  will  be  able  to  read  into 
he  text  something  he  had  not  before.  The  best  films  for 
Jucational  work  will  be  those  that  stimulate  the  greatest 
mount  of  thinking.  The  educational  film  must  be  good 
n  photography  as  applied  to  both  pictures  and  titles.  The 
itles  should  be  the  guide-posts  of  the  film,  turning  the 
raveler  here  and  there  to  the  road  that  leads  to  the  des- 
jination.  Along  with  the  film  there  should  be  available 
or  the  teacher  a  digest  or  pamphlet  containing  the  titles, 
he  teaching  aims,  and  suggestions  how  best  these  aims  may 
«  realized.  Opinions  will  differ  as  to  what  constitutes  a 
':ood  film  for  instruction.    Those  who  are  at  work  in  trying 

0  supply  the  schools  with  films  that  link  up  to  the  sub- 
set matter  of  the  curriculum  are  entitled  to  the  support  and 
o-operation  of  educators  whether  we  agree  with  them  in 
11  points  or  not. 

1  6.  Will  the  film  prove  to  be  a  panacea  for  many  of  our 
ducational  ills? 

,    There  are  many  extravagant  claims  made  as  to  what  will 

|e  accomplished  through  the  use  of  the  film  in  education. 

irst  of  all  we  must  master  our  tools.    We  have  the  prob- 

.  ;m  of  training  our  teachers  how  to  use  the  films  in  their 

,  iassrooms.     I  want  to  emphasize  this  point.     This  training 

innot  be  done  in  a  day.    It  requires  vision,  experience,  and 

^  rowth  on  the  part  of  the  teacher.     There  are  those  who 

,  aim  the  film  will  reduce  retardation  to  a  minimum  in  our 

hools.     Others  claim  its  use  will  shorten  the  course  for 

ementary   and  secondary  schools  at   least  two   years.      I 

>preciate  the  fact  that  it  requires  optimism  and  enthusiasm 


A.   G.   Balcom  One  of  the   Country's 
Leaders  in  Visual  Instruction  Work 


T>ORN  am]  reared  on  a  farm  in  Central  New  York, 
A.  G.  ISalcom  has  gone  far  since  those  early  days 
when  he  was  the  star  pupil  at  the  Union  Free  School  in 
Hartwick,  a  village  three  miles  from  his  home.  He 
taught  for  two  years,  graduating  from  the  Albany 
Normal  School  in  1887.  For  two  years  he  was  principal 
of  the  largest  school  in  Kearny,  N.  J.,  where  he  re- 
mained for  six  years  during  the  last  year  of  which  he 
was  made  local  superintendent.  He  was  principal  of 
Franklin  School,  Newark,  N.  J.,  for  twenty-three  years. 
This  school  he  supplied  with  slides,  stereographs  and 
other  visual  aids. 

For  seven  years,  while  principal  of  Franklin  School, 
Mr.  Balcom  was  in  charge  of  the  Newark  evening 
schools.  He  organized  the  system  of  free  public  lectures 
for  the  people  which  has  become  very  popular  and  has 
grown  in  ten  years  from  six  centers  to  thirty,  with  a 
yearly  attendance  of  200,000.  Extensive  use  of  the  slide 
and  the  film  has  been  made  with  various  types  of  audi- 
ences. 

In  1918,  Mr.  Balcom  was  appointed  assistant  super- 
intendent of  public  schools  of  Newark.  He  organized  a 
system  of  visual  instruction  in  addition  to  supervising 
the  work  of  twenty  schools.  He  gave  to  this  task  optim- 
ism, faith  in  his  fellow-workers,  tact  and  judgment,  will- 
ingness to  compromise  individual  opinion  when  import- 
ant issues  were  at  stake;  desire  to  get  opinions  from 
associates  before  definite  policies  were  fixed;  ability  to 
organize;  initiative  to  get  things  started  and  persistence 
to  carry  them  to  a  finish. 

Mr.  Balcom  has  made  a  study  of  the  physical  side  of 
visual  instruction — projection  equipment.  He  believes 
all  of  the  factors  that  constitute  high  class  projection 
must  be  reckoned  with.  He  has  no  sympathy  with  the 
idea,  "Any  equipment  is  good  enough  for  the  schools." 


J 


to  carry  out  any  plan,  and  particularly  this  plan  of  har- 
nessing the  film  for  educational  use,  but  let  us  not  dlow 
our  enthusiasjn  and  optimism  to  warp  our  judgment,  so 
that  our  expectations  reach  beyond  the  bounds  of  reason. 
Let  us  keep  in  mind  that  the  film,  if  used  arighr,  will  be- 
come an  efficient  aid  in  the  school,  that  it  will  bring  to  our 
pupils  the  atmosphere  of  distant  people  through  picturing 
their  habits  and  customs,  and  that  it  is  already  a  powerful 
medium  for  propaganda  work  in  health  and  Amerioan- 
ization.  It  gives  a  touch  of  reality  to  many  of  our  great 
industrial  processes  and  shows  the  wonders  and  beauties 
of  nature  in  animal  and  plant  life. 

Ml         Dili 

DEPARTMENT  OF  SUPERINTENDENCE  PROGRAM 

TJURAL  education  will  receive  special  consideration  at 
the  meeting  of  the  department  of  superintendence  of 
the  National  Education  Association,  which  is  to  be  held 
at  Atlantic  City,  N.  J.,  February  26  to  March  3,  1921.  One 
session  will  be  given  over  to  a  discussion  of  the  probable 
future  of  education  in  the  United  States  and  the  policies 
and  programs  needed  to  insure  that  future.  Special  ad- 
dresses will  be  made  by  Sir  Auckland  Geddes,  ambassador 
from  Great  Britain;  Congressman  H.  M.  Towner,  of  Iowa, 
who  introduced  into  the  House  of  Representatives  the  bill 
to  create  a  Federal  Department  of  Education;  President 
Nicholas  Murray  Butler,  of  Columbia  University;  Dr.  John 
H.  Finley,  commissioner  of  education  for  the  State  of  New 
York;  Dr.  Henry  Van  Dyke,  of  Princeton  University;  and 
Dr.  P.  P.  Claxton,  United  States  Commissioner  of  Educa- 
tion. 


VISUAL  EDUCATION  FOR  EVERY  SCHOOL  EVERYWHERE 


That   Is   Henry    Ford's    Aim    in    Building    Up    the    Ford 

Educational  Library — 40  Subjects  Available — 

Low  Rentals  for  Weekly  Runs 

By  Beatrice  Barrett 


M' 


"OTION  pictures  in  every  schoolroom  in  the  coun- 
try have  for  some  time  been  the  dream  of  all 
educators,   and   there   is   no   question    which   has 
been  more  widely  and  more  thoroughly  discussed 
than  this  one  of  motion  pictures  which  would  be  practical 
for  use  in  the  schoolroom,  not  to  supplant  textbooks  but 
to  supplement  them. 

In  many  localities  the  Board  of  Education  has  realized 
the  great  benefit  of  visual  education,  but  has  been  unable 
to  install  it  in  the  schools  because  there  were  not  enough 
films  of  the  right  sort  to  be  obtained,  and  the  price  was 
prohibitive  on  most  of  the  films  which  could  be  obtained. 

It  was  to  counteract  these  two  factors  working  against 
the  good  which  could  be  done  by  visual  education  that 
Henry  Ford  conceived  the  idea  of  having  films  made  which 
could  be  used  in  the  classrooms  as  a  supplement  to  text- 
books. And  with  the  same  idea  which  rules  all  his  activi- 
ties Henry  Ford  decided  that  these  films  must  be  given 
to  the  schools  of  the  country  at  a  price  which  would  make 
it  possible  for  every  school  from  the  smallest  to  the  largest 
to  have  motion  pictures. 

In  creating  the  Ford  Educational  Library  the  plan  was 
not  to  gather  a  few  films  on  heterogeneous  subjects  which 
would  be  used  sporadically  for  the  general  edification  of 
the  school  as  a  whole  gathered  in  an  assembly  Hall,  but 
to  establish  the  foundation  for  a  reference  library  of  mo- 
tion picture  films  to  be  used  by  the  schools  just  as  they 
use  their  reference  library  of  books.  For  example,  when 
the  teacher  was  ready  to  present  to  her  class  some  special 
period  in  history  she  would  look  in  her  catalog  of  refer- 
ence films  and  order  from  the  motion  picture  library  that 
film  which  covered  the  subject  she  was  presenting,  and  use 
this  film  in  her  classroom  in  connection  with  the  teaching 
of  the  subject  to  her  group  of  scholars. 

Has  the  Dream  Come  True? 

This  plan  may  seem  almost  like  a  dream  to  the  teachers 
who  have  long  struggled  to  make  inadequate  words  de- 
scribe some  subject  which  it  seems  almost  impossible  for 
the  student  to  understand.  But  the  dream  has  now  come 
true.  The  teacher  is  no  longer  hampered  by  lack  of  the 
proper  equipment.  In  a  few  minutes  as  the  subject  is 
unfolded  on  the  screen  before  him  the  pupil  will  get  a 
better  idea,  a  clearer  understanding  of  the  subject  than 
he  ever  could  get  from  a  verbal  or  a  written  description. 

The  films  which  make  up  the  current  series  of  the  Ford 
EUlucational  Library  have  been  prepared  by  leading  pro- 
fessors of  the  universities  of  the  United  States.  Each  of 
the  professors  chosen  for  this  work  has  had  wide  practical 
experience  in  visual  education  in  the  schools  and  in  in- 


structing teachers  how  to  get  the  best  from  visual  edu^ 
tion  in  their  schoolrooms,  and  each  professor  handles 
special   subject  for  the  library. 

The  Ford  library  is  building  for  the  future,  and  ea 
film  is  prepared  with  great  care  with  the  idea  that  it 
to  form  one  of  the  units  in  a  permanent  motion  picti 
reference  library.  Forty  subjects  have  been  prepared  1 
the  first  year.  They  cover  history,  civics,  agricultu 
regional  and  industrial  geography.  These  will  be  add 
to  as  fast  as  the  films  can  be  prepared  and  made  rea 
in  the  laboratory  and  every  year  will  see  the  library  grc 
ing  larger  to  cover  the  subjects  which  educators  deman( 

The  plan  was  to  give  to  the  pedagogic  world  a  prodi 
which  would  be  within  the  reach  of  all,  and  Fitzpatrick 
McElroy  of  Chicago  have  kept  this  in  mind  while  work! 
out  their  plan  of  distribution.  The  plan  as  worked  ( 
makes  every  educational  distributing  center  a  headquart 
for  the  Ford  Educational  Library.  They  are  to  be  the  c 
todians  of  the  films  and  can  distribute  them  to  the  scho 
as  they  see  fit.  The  centers  may  buy  the  film  outright  a 
then  distribute  it  free  to  the  schools.  To  enable  them 
become  the  center  of  this  educational  movement  the  pr 
has  been  made  five'  cents  a  foot,  and  as  the  reels  run  abi 
one  thousand  feet  in  length  this  means  that  for  fifty  d 
lars  the  state  can  have  this  film  for  its  own  and  send 
from  one  school  to  another  as  it  sees  fit. 

Fifty  Cents  a  Day  Rental 

For  the  convenience  of  the  schools  for  wjiom  the  e 
cational  distributing  centers  are  not  easily  accessible,  c( 
mercial  headquarters  have  been  established  where  the  fil 
can  be  rented  for  fifty  cents  a  day,  or  $2.50  for  the  sch 
week  of  five  days.  For  this  small  sum  the  film  is  the  pr 
erty  of  the  school  for  the  entire  school  week.  It  can 
shown  to  every  class  in  the  school  if  desired.  It  can 
run  again  and  again  for  the  pupils  until  its  subject  ma: 
is  indelibly  graven  upon  their  minds. 

But  the  making  of  authoritative  films  and  placing  tl; 
in  centers  where  they  are  within  reach  of  all,  and  mak 
the  price  so  low  that  the  slimmest  pocketbook  can  co 
it,  is  not  the  end  of  the  service.     There  is  one  more 
ficulty  to  be  met.    Many  teachers  have  not  yet  used  mot 
pictures  in  their  classrooms.     They  do  not  know  how 
use  them  so  as  to  get  the  highest  advantage  from  th 
But  this  point  has  not  been  forgotten  in  the  plan  of 
library.     When  the  professor  makes  the  outline  for 
film  he  at  the  same  time  plans  a  synopsis  to  go  with  I 
film  for  the  use  of  the  teacher.     In  this  synopsis  is  gi 
a  thorough  outline  of  the  subject  treated;    aids  are  ! 
gested  for  the  presentation  of  the  film;  and  a  list  of 
erence  books  on  the  subject  which  will  help  to  make 
instructor  thoroughly  conversant   with   the   subject   bel 
presenting  it  to  the  pupils.     Also  a  list  of  the  titles  jus 
they  appear  on  the  film  is  given  so  that  the  teacher  kn 
just  what  points  are  brought  out  in  the  picture. 


8 


VI 


CITIES  EVERYWHERE  BARRING  CRIME  FILMS 

City  Officials,  Judges,  Clergymen,  and  Social  Workers  Urge 

Drastic  Measures  to  Abolish  the 

Menace 


INNEAPOLIS,  Denver,  Newark  (N.  J.),  Bridge- 
port (Conn.),  Atlanta,  Duluth,  Superior  (Wis.), 
and  Chicago  are  a  few  of  the  many  American 
cities  whose  inhabitants  are  up  in  arms  against 
.!  crime  film.  The  menace  to  child  welfare  and  the  oh- 
ms stimulation  of  the  crime  wave  which  such  pictures 
pvoke  have  called  down  on  the  heads  of  the  producers, 
itributors  and  exhibitors  the  wrath  of  the  good  folk  of 
:»e  communities.  It  now  looks  as  though  some  of  the 
-;eats  will  be  put  into  execution  and  no  films  in  which 
.me  appears,  in  any  form,  can  be  shown  hereafter  on 
:  screens  of  those  cities. 

'Half  the   motion   pictures   shown    are   utterly   destruc- 

::5  to  the  moral  integrity  of  our  youth,^'  declared  United 

,  tes  District  Judge  Robert  E.  Lewis,  of  Denver,  in  sen- 

icing  a  dealer  in  narcotic  drugs  to  ten  years'  imprison- 

nt  in  the  federal   penitentiary.     He  cited  instances   of 

.fading  scenes  and  pictures  of  notorious  persons,  saying 

t  these  form  ideas  in  the  minds  of  young  people.    "Chil- 

n  are  imitative,"  he  added.     "Certain  films  create  an 

.nediate  desire  to  do  the  things  depicted." 

The  Hennepin  county  grand  jury  has  been  looking  into 

.  situation  in  Minneapolis.     Miss  Genevieve  Stone,  prin- 

•  al  of  the  Minnehaha  school,  told  the  members  of  the 

nd  jury  how  the   movies   affected   her   pupils   in    their 

tude    towards   crime.      Mayor    Meyers    of    Minneapolis 

asked   the   mayors   of   other   Minnesota   cities   to   bar 

nes  in  which  crime  is  glorified. 

"he  father  of  two  young  men  who  were  sentenced  to 
imprisonment  for  murder  said  his  boys  got  the  idea 
holding  up  a  grocer  from  the  cheap  movies.  "Why, 
o  along  the  streets  and  see  little  boys  and  girls  with 
guns  playing  hold-up,"  he  said.  "The  cheap  movies 
responsible." 

"I've  Seen  It  in  the  Movies,"  Says  Schoolboy 

WTien  I  say  stop,  you  stick  up  your  hands!"  A  lad 
even  with  a  toy  pistol  greeted  a  woman  in  this  fashion 
■   Minneapolis  street.     At  a   local   picture  theater  the 


Another  phase  of  the  problem  has  cropped  up  in  Al- 
bany, N.  Y.,  where  the  state  department  of  charities  has 
declared  a  ban  on  films  depicting  cruel  treatment  of  chil- 
dren under  institutional  care.  Pictures  of  this  kind,  they 
mamtam,  are  not  true  to  life  and  constitute  a  grossly  un- 
fair criticism  of  those  who  labor  in  the  charities  and  cor- 
rections fields.  State  legislation  may  be  asked  to  put  a 
stop  to  pictures  of  this  character. 

NATL  EDUCATION  BILL  FAVORABLY  REPORTED 

'pHE  Smith-Towner  bill  creating  a  National  Department 
of.  Education    in   Washington,   D.   C,  and   providing 
federal  aid  to  the  states  for  the  promotion  of  education 
was  favorably  reported  on  January  11  by  the  House  com- 
mittee on  education. 

One  amendment  provides  that  the  existing  Bureau  of  Edu- 
cation shall  be  transferred  at  once  to  the  new  department 
of  education  and  that  other  boards,  bureaus  and  govern- 
ment branches  shall  later  be  transferred  to  the  department 

Another  amendment  provides  that  courses  of  study,  plans 
and  methods  for  carrying  out  the  purposes  and  provisions 
of  the  act  within  a  state  shall  be  determined  by  the  state 
and  local  educational  authorities.  The  Secretary  of  Edu- 
cation IS  denied  the  right  to  exercise  any  authority  what- 
ever with  respect  to  the  administration  of  education  with- 
in the  states,  his  power  being  limited  to  seeing  that  appro- 
priations for  particular  purposes  shall  be  expended  for 
the  purposes  for  which  they  are  appropriated. 

It  is  understood  that  if  the  bill  becomes  a  law  a  cer- 
tain amount  of  the  annual  federal  appropriation  which  is 
tentatively  set  at  $100,000,000  will  be  used  for  visual  edu- 
cation; that  ,s  to  say,  any  state  which  provides  certain  funds 
tor  visual  education  in  the  schools  of  that  stale  will  prob- 
ably receive  a  proportionate  amount  out  of  the  $100,000  000 
annual  appropriation  of  the  department. 

W    9t 
FILMS  IN  ILLINOIS  GUARDSMEN  COURSE 


on  sank  deeply  into  his   impressionable  brain      An-         -l^rh.^    '•  ^°*^''A  ^^  ^'''"'''  Education,  include:  ' 

-  --  -   —  ^       .       ^   -         -  ^"  .Iutioifa?v"wf  °/  '-'''"''"  ""^  '"-^  °f  French-Indian   and 


r  boy  m  a  fourth  grade  class,  when  the  principal  tried 
low  him  that  criminals  get  the  worst  of  it,  declared: 
)h,  I  don't  know.     They  get  lots  of  money,  and  then 
ff  and  have  a  good  time.     And  lots  of  'em  don't  get 
hL     I've  seen  it  in  the  movies,  too." 
ergymen  of  all  creeds  in  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  have  de- 
)(»d  crime  movies  and  several  have  urged   a   drastic 
||  law  to  regulate  matters.     In  Duluth,  Minn.,  the  ordi- 
45  provides  that  no  picture  may  be  shown   which   is 
iaiental  to  the  morals  and  training  of  any  citizen,  re- 
less    of  age.      Pictures    illustrating    any   scene    which 
,',«ses  ridicule  or  contempt  of  religion,  law,  or  the  mar- 
:\  State,  or  of  any  lewd  or  lascivious  act  are  forbidden 
,ewark,  N.  J.,  Director  of  Public  Safety  Brennan  has 
led  all  picture  exhibitors  that  no  film  depicting  crime 
'immals  at  work  would  be  permitted. 


revolutionary  wars; 

nhZ'^^.r'*''**"^*  of  Production,"  with  Alms  on  the  settlinR  of  the 
Ohio  valley  and  central  states;  * 

"The  Use  of  Capital;" 

"The  Division  of  Labor."  with  films  on  the  Louisiana  purchase 
the  Lewis  and  Clark  expedition  and  the  great  plains  of  the  west-' 

men^r'"5'7if^*"'",'  ^"h  ftl"«  on  the  trans-Mississippi  settiel 
ments  and  the  railways  of  the  United  States;  ^^ 

Interdependence;" 

PacffiTcoaft;^"^"""""'"  ^"'^  ^"^  ""  *^«  ^"'^''ies  and  the 
coZrvatLr"*"  ^"^  ""  *''*'  *'^""'  °^  *^"=  ^""^"^   ^'^'^«  -^"^ 

safetJ^fi^tT'*'  °^  "  ^'"'''  ^'^^  *"°"  "°  industrial  revolution  and 

"Specialization ;" 

;;Americanization,"  with  films  on  the  steamboat  and  emiirraUon- 

"lrn/7^  of  Ignorance;"  also  the  growth  of  cities  and  was°e' 
governmenlr  ''°^"""^"*'"  *'>^'^"i^en   and  his  relation  to  the 

"Keeping  Trade  at  Home;" 
democraS?*"'"^  "^  ^^^^'■'"  '^^  «°^""'"^"'  -""i  represenUtive 


6,400  SCHOOLS  EQUIPPED  FOR  MOVIES 

Interesting  Figures  Gathered  by  the  United  States  Bureau 

of  Education— Standard  Width.  Non-inflammable 

Film  Essential 

By  R.  F.  Egner 

AT  least  6,400  schools  in  the  United  States  are  equipped 
with  machines  for  projecting  motion  pictures.  About 
3,720  of  them  are  elementary  schools  and  2,680  are 
high  schools,  normal  schools,  colleges,  etc.  This  estimate 
is  based  on  a  recent  investigation  by  the  Bureau  of  Educa- 
tion which  covered  5,500  elementary  schools  and  4,500 
institutions  of  higher  grade. 

Of  the  10,000  schools  included  in  the  investigation,  1,000 
have  standard  size  projection  machines,  484  have  made  or 
will  make  arrangements  to  install  machines  immediately, 
and  2,025  schools  have  arranged  to  show  the  pupils  edu- 
cational films  outside  the  school  buildings.  Of  the  latter 
group  62  per  cent  use  theaters,  30  per  cent  use  city,  com- 
munity, lodge,  or  club  halls,  and  8  per  cent  use  churches. 
Of  the  remaining  6,491  schools,  which  have  no  projection 
machines,  67  per  cent  have  electricity  and  have  halls  with 
an  average  seating  capacity  of  more  than  300  each,  suit- 
able for  the  exhibition  of  films.  Twenty-five  per  cent  of 
the  schools  do  not  have  electricity  in  or  near  the  school 
buildings,  although  facilities  for  exhibiting  motion  pic- 
tures could  be  arranged.  Eight  per  cent  of  the  schools 
could  obtain  electricity  near  the  school  buildings. 

Source  of  Funds  for  Securing  Films 


jroi 


A  summary  of  the  information  received  from  the  1,000 
schools   which  have   installed   projection    machines,   as   to 
the   source   of   available   funds   for   securing    films,    shows 
that  money  is  received  as  follows: 
Twenty-one  per  cent  is  raised  by  subscriptions  among  the 

pupils. 
Twenty  per  cent  is  raised  by  charging  admission  to  com- 
munity gatherings. 
Eighteen  per  cent  is  appropriated  by  the  Stale,  the  county, 

the  city,  or  the  school  board. 
Seventeen  per  cent  is  derived  from  various  private  school 

funds. 
Seventeen  per  cent  is  received  from  miscellaneous  sources, 
such   as   parent-teacher    associations,   school    improve- 
ment associations,  entertainments,  various  institutions, 
and  advance  sales  of  tickets. 
Seven  per  cent  is  received  from  personal  contributions. 

Commercial  film  companies  and  exchanges  furnish  films 
to  55  per  cent  of  the  schools  which  show  pictures.  Thirty- 
six  per  cent  receive  films  from  Government  departments 
and  altruistic  organizations,  and  9  per  cent  from  industrial 
manufacturing  concerns.  A  large  percentage  of  the  schools 
receive  films  from  more  than  one  source. 

Appropriations  of  money  to  schools  for  visual  educa- 
tion are  usually  small,  although  several  schools  have  re- 
ceived appropriations  of  $500  each.  According  to  the 
information  received,  initial  appropriations  and  increases 
depend  largely  upon  the  availability  of  purely  educational 
films,  such  as  .supplement  textbooks,  and  are  suitable  for 
classroom  instruction. 


Standard  Width  Non-Flam  Film  Essential 

Schools    equipped    with    projection    machines    in    whi( 
standard-size  films  cannot  be  used  have  difficulty   in   pre 
curing  films  to  fit  their  machines,  and  in  many  cases  desii 
to  exchange  them  for  machines  which  will   run  standarc 
size  film. 

The  use  of  the  standard-size  film  all  over  the  world  i 
therefore  essential  to  the  success  of  visual  education,  an 
the  introduction  of  non-inflammable  film  equal  to  infl 
mable  film  in  price,  quality,  and  endurance   will  greal 
promote  visual  education. 

Some  schools  have  had  difficulty  in  providing  booths 
the  projection  machines.     It  is  gratifying  to  know,  hi 
ever,  that  in  several  sections  the  stringent  laws  govern 
the  use  of  the  film  have  been  relaxed. 

The  investigation  shows  that  the  use  of  motion  pictu 
in    the   schools   is   increasing    in    popularity    and   that    tl 
method  is  regarded  by  many  school  officials  as  one  of  tl 
greatest  aids  in  education. 

w    w 

FILMING  HISTORIC  TOWNS  OF  BRITAIN 

AN  extraordinarily  interesting  series  of  pictures  is  p 
ised  by  the  Stella  Muir  Productions,  to  be  distributi 
by  the  Lionel  Phillips  Company,  of  London,  England. 
The  series  is  to  deal  with  historic  towns  of  Britain,  ai 
each  subject  will  be  dealt  with  not  merely  from  the  aid 
tectural,  but  from  the  human  standpoint  as  well.  F 
idea  is  first  to  illustrate  the  history  and  growth  of  viv 
town  from  the  earliest  records  that  can  be  discovered,  ai 
by  presenting  these  historic  objects  and  buildings  in  chrci 
ological  order  to  trace  clearly  the  development  both  j 
the  architecture  and  the  industry  of  the  town  itself.  Ha^ 
ing  reached  the  present  century,  the  film  will  proceed 
give  an  intimate  picture  of  local  life  with  picturesque  ( 
tails  of  any  events  or  customs  peculiar  to  the  locality. 
A  splendid  start  has  already  been  made  with  a  film  < 
picting  the  ancient  cathedral,  city  of  Canterbury,  whi 
has  not  only  been  the  scene  of  some  of  the  most  stirri 
events  in  British  history  but  also  contains  many  fascinati 
records  of  the  past,  often  in  an  almost  perfect  state 
preservation.  With  its  quaint  waterways,  so  reminisce 
in  many  ways  of  Venice,  and  old-world  atmosphere,  tl 
beautiful  city,  which  every  year  attracts  countless  llu 
sands  of  visitors  from  every  part  of  the  world,  shoi 
make  a  picture  of  unique  interest  that  will  be  acceptal 
to  optiences  far  beyond  the  borders  of  this  country.  Otl 
cities  to  be  dealt  with  in  this  series  are  York,  Winchest 
Salisbury,  Ely,  etc. 

A  special  set  of  ten  chapters  will  depict  London  un( 
various  aspects  and  a  wonderful  series  of  scenes  of  L 
don  by  night  taken  by  a  new  and  beautiful  process. 


4000  PLAYERS  IN  GERMAN  FILM 

THAT  film  producers  will  have  to  keep  an  eye  upon  Germ. 
if  they  do  not  wish  to  be  outdone  in  spectacular  effects 
evident  from  n  Berlin  telegram  announcing  that  Germai 
biggest  film  effort  was  made  the  other  day  when  the  Coronat 
scene  in  "Anne  Bolcyn"  was  filmed  in  the  presence  of  Presic 
Ebcrt  and  100  members  of  the  Reichstag.  Four  thousand  ] 
sons  took  part  in  tlic  scene,  for  the  purpose  of  which  a  full  s. 
reproduction  of  Westminster  Abbey  and  other  historical  buildi 
has  been  erected. 


IQ 


PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 


IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


Edited  by  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Ph.  D. 

Educational  Director  of  the  National  Association  for  the  Study  and 
Education  of  Exceptional  Children 

INTRODUCTORY   ARTICLE 


THOSE  who  take  a  sincere  interest  in  the  wholesome 
and  sane  development  of  children — parents,  teach- 
ers, psychologists,  sociologists — will  readily  ap- 
preciate the  efforts  of  the  editor  of  Educational 
Film  Magazine  to  follow  a  policy  of  earnest  study  and 
research  in  the  matter  of  understanding  the  underlying 
facts  of  the  problem  of  visual  education.  In  spite  of  all 
the  clamor  for  truly  educational  films,  we  really  know 
very  little  of  the  inwardness  of  the  problem.  We  have 
been  theorizing  and  speculating,  mostly  from  more  or  less 
preconceived  premises  without  actual  knowledge  of  what 
has  been  going  on  in  the  children's  minds. 

There  is  a  general  feeling  that  we  need  the  motion  pic- 
ture in  the  education  of  our  young,  and  that  we  should 
militate  against  the  evil  influences  which  present  oppor- 
tunities are  supposed  to  exert  upon  the  juvenile  mind. 
Cases  of  delinquency,  waywardness,  and  crime  have  been 
thought  to  be  the  direct  result  of  the  indiscriminate  atten- 
dance of  children  at  the  commercialized  movies.  The 
Chief  of  Police  of  Chicago  has  issued  an  order  forbidding 
the  presentation  of  any  films  which  illustrate  crime,  even 
though  the  development  of  the  story  would  lead  to  its 
punishment.  A  similar  step  has  been  taken  in  Newark, 
N.  J.  Director  of  Public  Safety  William  J.  Brennan  has 
notified  the  motion  picture  exhibitors  of  that  city  that  here- 
after no  films  depicting  crime  or  criminals  at  work  would 
be  permitted.  "During  the  past  few  months  a  most  care- 
ful investigation  has  been  made  into  causes  of  the  crime 
wave,  especially  concerning  crimes  of  a  spectacular  na- 
ture," he  says,  "and  my  deduction  has  been  that  photo- 
plays and  stage  productions  have  in  a  measure  been  a 
source  of  inspiration  to  those  criminally  inclined.  Per- 
sonal interviews  with  criminals  have  positively  borne  out 
these  facts." 

It  is  interesting  to  note  that  Commissioner  Brennan  in- 
cludes stage  productions  in  his  condemnation,  so  that 
movies  do  not  bear  the  brunt  of  the  accusation.  Again, 
that  he  does  not  speak  specifically  of  children  attending 
motion  pictures  and  play  houses,  but  of  all  those  who 
are  "criminally  inclined,"  in  a  general  way.  Whether  the 
police,  or  any  other  public  agency  of  like  character,  has 
the  opportunity  of  scientific  investigation  and  deducation 
remains  to  be  seen.  The  New  York  Times  does  not  seem 
to  be  quite  ready  to  concede  such  powers  and  opportuni- 
ties.    We  read: 

"Out  in  Chicago,  it  seems,  the  chief  of  police  has  taken 
[   the  rather  large  responsibility  incidental  to  forbidding  the 
f  exhibition   of  any  film  that  shows   the  commission   of   a 
criminal  act,  even  though  the  swift  following  of  punish- 
ment is  also  shown.    Another  thoroughgoing  condemnation 
'  of  moving  pictures  was  made  by  the  president  of  Ford- 
ham  University  who  sees  them  'as  a  dangerous  menace  to 
[  the  future  moral  welfare  of  the  nation.' " 
'       If  a  university  president  expresses  such  an  opinion,  it 


deserves  earnest  consideration.  Yet,  it  is  merely  an  opinion, 
we  venture  to  say,  and  opinions  differ.  We  have  no  exact 
data,  one  way  or  another,  such  as  can  form  a  basis  for 
truly  scientific  deducations. 

•  • 

As  against  these  condemnations,  the  Times,  in  the  same 
editorial  says: 

"Evidently  realizing  that  the  moving  pictures  have  come  to 
stay  and  hopeless  of  abolishing  them,  all  of  their  critics  content 
themselves  with  demanding  the  banishment  from  the  screen  of 
what  each  considers  immorality,  vulgarity  or  futility,  and  the 
substitution  therefor  of  the  uplifting,  the  enlightening,  the  re- 
formative. To  none  of  these  advocates  of  change  and  betterment, 
apparently,  has  it  occurred  that,  no  matter  how  'good'  the 
pictures  may  be  made,  they  always  will,  and  must,  have  one 
influence  on  the  young  that  is  perhaps  the  worst  they  do  or  can 
exert. 

"It  is  sometimes  asserted — with  far  more  plausibility  than  truth, 
probably — that  this  or  that  crime  was  committed  in  emulation 
or  imitation  of  a  vicious  achievement  shown  on  the  screen.  What 
is  not  asserted,  but  should  be,  is  that  more  than  often — somewhere 
near  to  usually — the  influence  exerted  is  the  reverse  of  this  and 
even  more  deplorable,  especially  on  l)oys.  These,  if  normal,  all 
have  a  thirst  for  adventure — for  getting  out  into  the  world  and 
doing  and  seeing  things  for  tliemselves.  This  most  commendable 
'urge,'  upon  tlie  natural  and  actual  cultivation  and  satisfaction  of 
which  the  welfare  of  tlie  world  and  its  inhabitants  very  largely 
depends,  the  movies  divert  and  distort  into  complete  sterility. 
The  boy  that  spends  nmch  of  his  leisure  time  in  the  movie  theaters 
contents  himself  with  the  adventures  he  sees  on  the  screen,  instead 
of  finding  adventures  for  himself  and  taking  part  in  them,  as  he 
should.     He  watches  the  game  instead  of  playing  it. 

"This  is  depravity  of  a  most  terrible  kind,  and  not  one  of  the 
professional  moralists  has  said  a  word  about  it !" 

•  • 

So  there! 

This  is  precisely  where  the  trouble  lies:  we  adult  mor- 
alists are  trying  to  figure  out  things  from  the  standpoint 
of  our  own  sophisticated  self-consciousness,  and  forget  to 
realize  that  the  child  is  a  growing  thing,  which  may  need 
all  kinds  of  food  in  the  building  up  of  its  mental  and  moral 
tissues.  We  are  only  beginning  to  understand  that  chil- 
dren are  not  small  grown-ups,  but  quite  different  beings 
whose  nature  we  must  study,  and  while  studying  them  we 
must  lay  aside  all  our  adult  notions  and  prejudices,  and 
be  quite  observant  in  an  impartial  way. 

The  adult  frog  needs  neither  the  gills  nor  the  tail  the 
tadpole  is  endowed  with.  But  if  you  surmise  that  you  can 
hasten  the  development  of  the  tadpole  into  a  frog  by  cut- 
ting off  its  tail,  you  are  quite  mistaken.  The  tailless  tad- 
pole will  grow,  yes,  but  into  a  bigger  tadpole  only;  it 
will  never  be  a  frog. 

The  fact  is:  we  do  not  really  know  what  the  actual 
effect  of  motion  pictures  as  now  presented  is  upon  the 
child.  The  purpose  of  this  new  department  of  Educa- 
tional Film  Magazine  is  to  make  an  impartial  and  truly 
scientific  examination  of  the  factors  entering  into  the  psy- 
chological reaction  of  the  child  to  the  motion  pictures  he 
sees,  and  of  the  pedagogical  demands  in  regard  to  what 
the  motion  picture  should  really  mean  in  child  education. 
We  are  endeavoring  to  enlist  the  co-operation  of  lead- 

11 


ing  educators,  psychologists,  child  students,  social  workers, 
and  all  those  who  can  assist  in  collecting  reliable  and  valu- 
able data,  without  fear  or  favor.  We  also  appeal  to  par- 
ents who  can  record  and  report  observations  on  their  own 

children. 

♦  * 

Some  of  the  questions  to  be  discussed,  in  addition  to 
the  points  mentioned  in  the  preceding  paragraphs,  are: 

What  is  the  effect  of  so-called  sex  physiology  pictures? 

To  what  extent  can,  or  should,  screen  pictures,  still  or  moving, 
be  utilized  in  instruction,  to  replace  pictures  in  books  and  on  the 
wall,  or  actual  observation  of  processes,  laboratory  work,  visits 
to  factories  chemical  plants,  the  country,  historical  places,  etc.? 

Apart  from  purely  instructional  purposes,  to  what  extent  can 
the  moving  picture  assist  in  forming  the  child's  ideals  and  inspira- 
tion; his  moral,  ethical;  religious,  social  and  civic  conceptions? 

Should  the  moving  pictures  be  used  only  in  schools,  or  should 
there  be  special  children's  show-houses,  or  both? 

What  about  the  childrens  moving  picture  machines  used  in  the 
home? 

To  what  extent  will  the  child's  power  of  imagination,  of  visual- 
izing the  unseen  by  his  own  constructive  fancy,  be  affected  by 
supplying  motion  pictures  in  its  stead  unduly? 

In  particular,  how  should  the  fairy  tale,  and  works  of  fiction, 
be  handled  in  this  respect? 

Is  it  correct  to  speak  of  "children's  pictures"  in  a  general 
sense,  or  should  we  discriminate  between  pictures  for  different 
ages  and  grades  of  maturity,  for  different  types  of  mind  and 
experience,  for  boys  and  girls,  etc.? 

These  are  only  a  few  questions  which  will  invite  re- 
search and  discussion.  What  we  need  is  not  opinions,  but 
observations  and  facts. 

«  • 

We  have  received  helpful  encouragement  from  a  num- 
ber of  interested  persons  some  of  whom  will  eventually 
be  asked  to  form  a  permanent  committee  of  research. 

Prof.  Adoi-f  Meyer,  Chief  of  the  Phipps  Psychiatric  Clinic, 
Johns  Hopkins  University,  writes:  "The  enterprise  which  you 
announce  is  undoubtedly  very  interesting.  .  .  .  The  questions 
which  you  raise  naturally  ought  to  be  straightened  out  by  con- 
crete experiments  wherever  possible." 

Prof.  James  E.  Louoh,  Dean,  Extramural  Division,  New  York 
University;  "The  plans  for  the  new  department  of  the  E.  F.  M. 
.  .  .  are  extremely  interesting  to  me,  and  I  hope  that  it  may  be 
possible  for  me  to  do  some  research  work  along  the  lines  sug- 
gested." 

Dr.  Ebnest  L.  Cbaxdall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Visual 
Education,  New  York  Board  of  Education;  "I  am  much  interest- 
ed in  your  proposal  .  .  .  and  I  shall  be  glad  to  help." 

Prof.  F.  M.  McMuBRV,  of  the  Teachers  College,  Columbia  Uni- 
versity: "I  shall  be  much  interested  in  your  work,  and  shall  be 
glad  to  follow  it.  I  agree  with  you  that  our  knowledge  of  this 
field  is  little  developed  and  also  that  there  is  high  need  that  it  be 
better  developed." 

A.  G.  Balcom,  Assistant  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Newark, 
N.  J.:  "I  shall  be  glad  to  co-operate  with  you  in  every  way  pos- 
sible. Jn  fact,  we  are  trying  to  answer  some  of  these  questions  in 
Newark." 

Dr.  A.  M.  Rabineb,  Brooklyn:  "It  is  unnecessary  for  me  to 
write  you  to  say  that  I  pm  interested  in  that  field  .  .  .  My  limited 
knowledge  of  this  subject  is  at  your  command,  and  you  may  call 
on  me  at  any  time,  and  be  sure  I  will  do  my  utmost." 

Prof.  Lawbenck  A.  Averili,,  Editor,  The  American  Journal  of 
School  Hygiene,  Massachusetts  State  Normal  School,  Worcester, 
Mass.;  "I  shall  be  glad  to  be  of  any  assistance  I  can  in  the 
furthering  of  this  project.  I  know  of  no  topic  of  psychological 
import  more  needful  to  be  investigated  than  this  ...  If  a  com- 
prehensive study  could  be  soon  undertaken  to  determine  exactly 
what  the  effect  of  such  stimuli  as  are  ordinarily  offered  by 
public  motion  picture  films  is  upon  child  nature,  It  would  serve  a 
very  great  need  and  would  be  gratefully  received,  I  feel  sure,  by 
a  great  number  of  laymen  who  are  waiting  patiently  for  just  that 
information.  As  for  the  other  aspects  of  the  proposed  new  de- 
partment, they  are  equally  interesting  and  important  to  investi- 
gate. I  wish  for  the  new  department  of  Eodcatiokai.  Film  Maoa- 
eiKE,  under  your  editorship,  a  most  successful  and  profitable 
place  In  our  educational  journalism.  If  my  services  or  advice 
are  of  any  value  to  you  please  feel  quite  free  to  call  upon  me  at 
any  time.  This  is  a  field  of  Investigation  In  which  I  have  been 
long  interested. 

These  are  only  a  few  of  the  messages  which  we  have 
received   from   people   who   know.     Constructive   sugges- 


tions are  invited  from  others  whose  experiences  and  ideas 
may  be  found  helpful  in  arriving  at  definite  conclusions. 

RED  CROSS  SOCIETIES  PRODUCING  FILMS 

"The  Will  to  Live,"  Drama  on  Tuberculosis,  a  Child  Welfare 

Photoplay,  and  Pasteur  Institute  Film  Scheduled 

for  Early  Release. 

IN  a  letter  to  the  editor  of  Educational  Film  Magazine 
Edward  Stuart,  Chief  of  the   Department   of  Popular 
Health  Instruction,  League  of  Red  Cross  Societies,  9 
Cour  de  Saint-Pierre,  Geneva,  Switzerland,  writes: 

"I  have  found  it  advisable  to  go  into  the  production  of  films 
to  some  extent  and  have  recently  produced  a  film  through  a 
combination  between  the  Rockefeller  Tuberculosis  Commission 
and  a  French  company,  a  drama  dealing  with  tuberculosis  called 
"The  Will  to  Live,"  which  has  met  with  marked  success  in 
Europe  both  as  a  theatrical  and  a  public  health  film.  Copies  of 
it  have  already  been  sent  to  the  Rockefeller  Foundation  in  New 
York.  I  have  just  completed  a  contract  with  the  American  Red 
Cross,  the  Rockefeller  Tuberculosis  Commission,  and  a  French 
company  for  the  production  of  a  drama  on  child  welfare,  which 
will  cost  about  one-quarter  million  francs.  I  am  also  interested 
in  the  production  of  a  film  on  the  work  of  the  Pasteur  Institute 
in  Paris.  ' 

"There  is  an  increasing  interest  in  films  of  this  kind  in  Europe 
and  I  have  just  had  a  conference  with  the  Minister  of  Public 
Health  in  Serbia  where  they  have  an  appropriation  of  more 
than  a  million  francs  for  health  propaganda,  to  include  a  large 
amount  of  film  production." 

The  League  of  Red  Cross  Societies  is  an  international 
organization  of  which  the  American  Red  Cross,  the  British 
Red  Cross,  La  Croix-Rouge  Francaise,  Le  Croce  Rossa 
Italiana,  and  La  Croix-Rouge  Japonaise  are  members.  Sir 
David  Henderson  is  director  general  of  the  league. 

Mr.  Stuart  as  chief  of  the  department  of  popular  health 
instruction  is  making  excellent  use  of  motion  pictures  and 
is  purchasing  health  subjects  in  Europe  and  America  to 
some  extent.    Commenting  upon  this  in  his  letter,  he  says : 

"At  the  present  time  we  are  not  making  any  large  purchases 
as  we  have  only  just  recently  created  this  bureau  and  we  are 
making  a  specialty  of  securing  only  those  films  which  are  par- 
ticularly good,  scientifically  accurate,  and  suitable  for  our  purpose 
of  having  them  shown  at  lectures.  I  have  found  in  connection 
with  similar  work  which  I  have  been  doing  for  the  Rockefeller 
Foundation  that  a  very  large  portion  of  the  existing  films  on 
public  health  have  many  defects  and  are  quite  worthless  for  our 
purpose. 

"We  are,  tlierefore,  at  the  present  time  only  securing  informa- 
tion regarding  what  films  are  available,  where  they  may  be 
obtained,  and  at  what  prices,  and  we  are  only  purchasing  those 
which  we  have  reason  to  believe  are  good  enough  for  our  purpose. 
We  subscribe  to  Educational  Film  Magazine  and  are  able  to 
get  a  certain  amount  of  useful  information  from  it." 

In  view  of  the  valuable  welfare  work  which  the  Red 
Cross  is  doing  all  over  the  world,  the  editor  would  appre- 
ciate any  assistance  or  suggestions  which  our  readers  will 
be  able  to  send  direct  to  Mr.  Stuart  or  through  this  office. 

9  9 
UNIVERSITY  MAKES  GOVERNMENT  FILMS 
TVTORKING  out  the  system  of  visual  education  at  the 
University  of  Oklahoma,  motion  pictures  have  been 
taken  of  state  departments  by  J.  W.  Shepherd,  head  of  the 
visual  education  department  at  the  university.  Beginning 
with  the  opening  session  of  the  state  legislature  in  January, 
pictures  illustrating  the  passage  of  a  bill  up  to  the  time 
it  receives  the  governor's  signature    were  made. 

This  film  will  be  the  first  of  a  series  to  compose  three 
scenarios  on  the  branches  of  government  legislative,  execu- 
tive and  judicial  The  scenarios  will  be  used  in  teaching 
civics  and  gover.nment  in  high  schools.  At  present  few 
such  films  can  be  obtained  and  Mr.  Shepherd  says  that  so  far 
as  he  knows  there  has  been  only  one  other  attempt  to  film 
the  brandies  of  government  for  school  use  in  the  United 
States.       ^ 


12 


METHODIST  AND  EPISCOPALIAN  CHURCHES  ENTER  THE  FILM  BUSINESS 

Both  Organizations  Actively  Engaged  Through  Their  Execu- 
tive Councils — Methodists  Open  Studio  in  Chicago  and 
Will  Produce  Pictures — Pennsylvania  First 
Movie  Field  for  the  Episcopalians 

work. 


BOTH  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  and  the  Pro- 
testant Episcopal  Church,  through  their  executive 
councils,  have  entered  the  motion  picture  business. 
Both  have  given  their  official  endorsement  to  the 
project,  and  the  Methodists  have  gone  so  far  as  to  open  a 
studio  in  Chicago,  and  through  the  International  Church 
Film  Corporation,  which  is  making  films  for  them,  has  ar- 
ranged for  a  nation-wide  distributing  organization. 

The  Episcopalians  at  present  are  confining  their  movie 
work  to  the  Diocese  of  Pennsylvania  and  to  the  use  of  films 
for  disseminating  knowledge  of  the  Bible,  missionary  propa- 
ganda and  church  publicity.  Bishop  Rhinelander  thor- 
oughly approves  of  the  plan  to  make  each  local  Episcopal 
church  in  the  state  a  popular  center  in  the  community. 
He  is  watching  the  success  of  the  experiment  at  the  Church 
of  the  Incarnation,  in  Meadville,  Pa.,  of  which  Rev.  Seaver 
M.  Holden  is  rector.  Here  entertainment  films  are  being 
screened  very  Wednsday  night,  as  a  sample  of  what  the 
church  proposes  to  do  all  over  Pennsylvania. 

Rev.  R.  J.  Wade,  secretary  of  the  board  of  conservation 
and  advance  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  is  in 
charge  of  the  motion  picture  plans  in  the  Chicago  area. 
Movie  headquarters  are  being  transferred  to  the  western 
city  from  New  York.  A  four  story  factory  structure  on 
West  Erie  street,  Chicago,  has  been  engaged  as  a  studio 
for  the  production  of  religious  and  missionary  slides  and 
films   for   church,   Sunday   school,   and   community   center 


Players,  directors,  and  camera  men  have  been  ar- 
ranged for  through  the  International  and  other  film  pro- 
ducers to  carry  on  the  work  actively.  Many  film  producers 
in  both  the  theatrical  and  non-theatrical  fields  have  been 
asked  to  submit  pictures  for  the  official  approval  of  the 
Church. 

A  "White  List"  of  approved  films  has  been  issued  by 
the  Chicago  office "  of  the  Methodists.  It  is  surprising  to 
find  Griffith's  "Way  Down  East"  in  the  list,  unless  it  is 
meant  that  the  picture  is  to  be  shown  with  judicious  cut- 
ting of  several  objectionable  scenes.  It  is  reported  that 
Griffith  is  to  make  a  special  production  for  the  use  of  Metho- 
dist churches.  Mr.  Griffith's  mother  was  a  pious  and  staunch 
Methodist,  it  is  said,  and  he  feels  that  he  owes  this  to  her 
memory  and  for  the  good  of  the  cause. 

Among  pictures  to  receive  whole  or  partial  indorsement 
in  the  latest  "White  List"  are  the  following:  "The  Greatest 
Thing  in  Life";  "Alarm  Clock  Andy";  "Something  to  Think 
About";  "Homer  Comes  Home";  "The  Toll  Gate";  "The 
Love  Flower";  "Shepherd  of  the  Hills";  "Excuse  My  Dust"; 
"Over  the  Hill";  "Old-Fashioned  Boy";  "Sweet  Lavender"; 
"Girl  of  My  Heart";  "Eyes  of  the  Heart";  "Jack  Straw"; 
"Easy  to  Get";  "Behold  My  Wife";  "Always  Audacious"; 
"All  of  a  Sudden  Peggy";  "It  Pays  to  Advertise";  "The 
Life  of  the  Party  (Arbuckle)";  "Red  Hot  Dollars";  "Paris 
Green";  "Heliotrope";  "Guile  and  Women";  "The  Court- 
ship of  Miles  Standish";  "The  Sin  That  Was  His." 


HOW  A  CINCINNATI  CHURCH  USES  FILMS 
By  Rev.  Raymond  G.  Clapp 

Pastor  Walnut   Hills  Congregational   Church,   Cincinnati.   Ohio. 

AS  our  church  had  no  evening  services  for  fifteen  years 
because  of  the  scattered  location  of  its  congregation 
it  was  decided  in  opening  up  a  service  not  to  have 
ane  of  a  conventional  type  already  being  maintained  by 
Jther  churches  in  the  neighborhood,  but  to  introduce  new 
Features  in  the  hope  of  interesting  people  who  had  not 
oeen  attending  before. 

I  Our  morning  congregation  averages  125.  The  first  even- 
ng  service  drew  175.  We  are  hoping  for  a  capacity  con- 
;regation  of  325,  or  425  if  we  use  the  balcony.  The  bal- 
;ony  cannot  be  opened  up  under  our  building  laws  without 
irecting  a  second  balcony  stairway. 

We  instituted  a  Friday  evening  family  entertainment  on 
November  5  with  a  nominal  admission  charge  to  help  us 
neet  the  expense  of  equipment. 

We  are  cooperating  with  the  Saturday  morning  chil- 
Iren's  matinees  at  the  Orpheum  theater  (mentioned  in 
J)UCATioNAL  Film  Magazine  last  year)  by  advertising 
heir  features  and  having  some  joint  committee  meetings 
nth  the  representatives  of  the  mothers'  clubs  and  busi- 
ess  men's  associations,  which  are  sponsoring  the  matinees. 

We  are  using  a  Powers  6- A  projector  in  a  new  metal 


booth  with  a  900  watt  mazda  lamp  for  a  75  foot  throw 
to  a  12x12  aluminum  screen.  The  screen  is  on  a  spring 
roller  set  in  a  box  between  the  organist's  bench  and  the 
seats  of  the  quartet  in  the  choir  loft,  and  is  pulled  up 
toward  the  ceiling  by  ropes  which  are  detached  and  draped 
around  the  corner  of  the  organ  when  not  in  use. 

MOVIES  AT  OTTAWA,  ILL.,  LIBRARY 

The  children's  program  of  library  movies  at  Ottawa, 
Illinois,  continues  as  usual  this  season.  The  fairy  play, 
"Rumplestiltskin,"  was  shown  December  4,  and  was  one 
of  the  best  children's  films  shown  at  the  library.  "The 
Magic  Toymaker"  was  also  greatly  liked  by  the  kiddies. 
Besides  the  movies  there  were  Christmas  stories  and  Christ- 
mas records. 

The  programs  arranged  so  far  are  as  follows: 

Dec.  18— "Magic  Toymaker." 

Jan.  8— Gospel  stories.  "World  War,"  "A  Children's 
Comedy." 

Jan.  22 — "Bridge  of  Fancy,"  featuring  little  Mary  Mc- 
Allister.   "Peak  of  Paradise,"  a  travelog. 

Feb.  5— "Childhood  of  Moses."  "Moses  Leading  the 
Israelites."     "Musty  B,"  Young  comedy. 

Feb.  19— "A  Place  in  the  Sun,"  Mary  McAllister.  "A 
Bit  of  God's  Country,"  a  travelog. 


13 


FARM  MARKETING  PROBLEMS  IN  FILM 

Nation-Wide    Propaganda    of    Agricultural    Organizations 

Supported  by  Bankers  in  Big  Trade 

Expansion  Plan 

THE  farmers  are  going  into  the  movies.    This  is  part  of 
a  nation-wide   movement   to   help   solve   one   of  the 
greatest   problems   of   the   day,   the   farm   marketing 
problem. 

Announcement  was  made  yesterday  that  a  great  educa- 
tional movement,  to  embrace  all  the  United  States,  reach- 
ing not  only  city  dwellers  but  llie  rural  crossroads,  will 
be  started  this  week.  The  Farmers'  Film  corporation,  with 
offices  at  910  Michigan  boulevard,  has  been  organized  with 
William  E.  Skinner,  secretary  of  the  National  Dairy  Asso- 
ciation, as  secretary. 

The  marketing  problems  will  be  brought  directly  to  the 
people  by  means  of  films.  The  production  of  the  nation's 
food  will  be  filmed  from  the  sowing  of  the  seed  to  the 
consumption  by  the  ultimate  buyer.  The  films  will  not 
seek  to  draw  conclusions,  but  will  lay  the  facts  before 
the  public,  and  the  latter  will  be  asked  "to  take  such  steps 
as  their  good  sense  points  out." 

Billion  Dollar  Propaganda 

Part  of  the  plan  will  be  propaganda  to  help  the  Ameri- 
can Bankers'  Association  raise  the  proposed  billion  dollar 
trade  expansion  fund,  known  as  the  Foreign  Trade  Financ- 
ing Corporation. 

According  to  its  prospectus,  the  new  company  has  the 
cooperation  of  the  United  States  department  of  agriculture, 
state  agricultural  departments  and  colleges,  the  American 
Farm  Bureau  Federation,  the  Grange  movement,  and  co- 
operative farming  and  marketing  associations,  as  well  as 
the  National  Dairy  Association. 

"The  pictures  will  be  shown  in  theaters,  churches  and 
schools,  and  it  is  believed  they  will  do  much  to  reduce 
prices  by  explaining  the  need  of  co-operation  between  city 
and  farm  and  thus  bringing  about  better  relations  between 
the  two,"  the  announcement  continues. 

The  initial  work  has  been  undertaken  by  the  Waukesha 
County  corporation,  a  farm  organization  of  Wisconsin, 
which  has  agreed  to  bear  the  preliminary  expenses. 

Harry  E.  Aitken,  organizer  of  the  Triangle  Film  Corpora- 
tion, who  was  responsible  for  "The  Birth  of  a  Nation," 
will  be  associated  with  the  new  company.  Mr.  Aitken  and 
his  brother,  R.  E.  Aitken,  own  the  Meadow  Brook  farm, 
near  Waukesha,  Wis. 

"This  is  exclusively  an  agricultural  movement  in  he- 
half  of  the  American  farmer  and  consumer,"  Mr.  Skinner 
said.  "It  will  seek  to  reduce  production  costs,  raise  pro- 
duction values,  and  lower  food  costs. 

"It  will  seek  to  eliminate  the  improper  and  useless  'in- 
betwceners.' " 

WISCONSIN  UNIVERSITY  OWNS  3600  REELS 
T^ORE  than  3,flOO  reels  of  motion  picture  Alms  nre  owned  by 
■'•'■*■  the  visual  instruction  l)urcnu  of  Wisconsin  University  ex- 
tension division  and  are  availal)le  to  the  people  of  the  state, 
according  to  a  rcjrart  just  prepared  l)y  the  director.  Included  in 
recent  addition!  are  8(50  reels  received  from  the  government,  65 
reels  of  Ford  Educational  films,  and  Hi  purchased  by  the  bureau. 


AGRICULTURAL  DEP'T.  FILM  WORK 
By  F.  W.  Perkins 

Assistant  in  Charge,  Motion  Picture  Activities,  U.  S.  Department 
of   Agriculture 

TiyrOTION  pictures  for  use  in  making  common  property 
-'•*■'■  of  the  knowledge  developed  by  the  investigations  of 
the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  and  in  ac- 
quainting the  public  with  the  methods  and  significance  of 
important  lines  of  work  carried  on  by  the  department  are 
being  used  with  increasing  frequency  in  all  sections  of 
the  country.  The  best  proof  of  this  is  that  the  demand 
for  these  films  has  doubled  in  the  past  four  months.  At 
the  present  time  the  requests  for  loans  of  these  pictures  is 
greater  than  the  supply.  It  would  be  possible  right  now 
to  make  good  use  of  twice  the  supply  that  is  available. 

Motion  pictures  are  going  to  the  farmer  principally 
through  the  portable  projector — the  small  machine,  about 
the  size  of  a  suit  case,  that  can  be  transported  easily  from 
place  to  place  and  hooked  on  to  a  convenient  lamp  socket. 
Should  there  be  no  lamp  socket — as  is  the  case  in  most 
rural  communities — the  users  of  agricultural  "movies"  are 
using  portable  generators  that  can  be  operated  on  auto- 
mobile engines  or  carried  along  in  an  automobile.  In 
two  or  three  states  the  agricultural  extension  organizations 
have  equipped  motor  trucks  with  projectors,  films,  and  a 
screen.  The  trucks  are  sent  through  a  territory  which  has 
been  placarded  in  advance.  Arriving  at  the  community 
where  the  pictures  are  to  be  shown,  the  projector  is  trained 
from  the  truck  to  the  screen  and  the  show  begins  as  soon 
as  darkness  falls.  Or,  wiring  may  be  run  from  the  truck 
to  the  projector  indoors,  and  the  show  may  be  given  under 
cover  in  bad. weather. 

The  motion  pictures  produced  by  the  Department  of 
Agriculture  now  include  120  subjects.  Many  of  the  pic- 
tures should  be  of  great  interest  to  the  city  dweller  as  well 
as  to  the  farmer,  for  the  scope  of  activities  of  the  Depaart- 
ment  of  Agriculture  is  so  great  that  some  of  its  work,  at 
least,  is  of  vital  importance  to  every  man,  woman,  and 
child  in  the  country.  New  subjects  are  constantly  being 
produced.  In  all  the  pictures  every  effort  is  made  to  make 
them  as  interesting  as  possible  and  at  the  same  time  to 
retain  the  accuracy  of  statement  that  is  demanded  in  Govern- 
ment productions. 


NEW  YORK  FOOD  MARKETS  IN  FILM 

A  FILM  showing  how  New  York  City  gets  its  food  supply  has 
•'*■  been  produced  by  Community  l^rmluctions.  Inc.,  under  direc- 
tion of  the  New  York  State  Division  of  Foods  and  Markets.  It 
is  intended  to  give  farmers  and  city  folk  an  idea  of  the  channels 
of  transportation  and  distribution  through  which  fresh  fruits  and 
vegetables  pass  before  they  reach  the  consumer.  Tliose  who  see 
the  film  realize  for  the  first  time  what  an  immense  volume  of 
foodstuffs  is  moved  tlirough  tlic  congested  market  section  of 
lower  Manhattan  a  few  hours  after  midnight  in  order  that  the 
vast  population  of  the  city  and  environs  may  be  fed  each  day. 
The  rusliinp  to  and  fro  of  long.shorcmen  unloading  freight  cars 
on  floats,  tlie  crowd  of  jobbers  and  storekeepers  pushing  in  to 
the  railroad  pier  building  as  the  doors  open  at  3:30  A.  M.,  the 
hurrying  of  trucks  and  wagons  to  take  the  goods  away  half  an 
hour  later,  are  realistically  shown. 


14 


"CHILDREN'S  PLEASURE  HOUSE"  MOVIES 
By  Mary  A.  Brader 

Graduate    Secretary,    Service    League,    Connecticut    College, 
Kew    London,   Conn. 

'T'HE  Children's  Pleasure  House,  (name  submitted  by 
Max  Lipps  of  the  sixth  grade,  which  won  the  prize 
in  the  name  contest  conducted  through  the  public  schools 
of  New  London)  is  conducted  as  a  part  of  the  inter-racial 
program  which  the  Service  League  promotes  in  New  Lon- 
don, Conn. 

The  sociology  students  made  a  survey  of  the  local 
theaters  in  reference  to  their  appeal  to  children  and  also 
got  in  touch  with  the  various  national  boards  for  better 
films  supplying  much  needed  materials. 

The  Children's  Pleasure  House  has  met  six  times  with 
an  attendance  averaging  between  500  and  600  each  time. 
The  following  films  have  been  shown:  Cinderella,  AH  Baba 
and  the  Forty  Thieves,  Snoiv  White,  Tom  Saivyer,  Seven 
Swans,  and  Hack  and  Tom.  The  meetings  seem  like  big 
informal  parties,  the  children  responding  splendidly  to 
supervised  play  before  the  theater  is  opened  and  to  com- 
munity singing  between  reels.  Community  spirit  and  co- 
operation is  probably  best  illustrated  by  the  offer  of 
music  by  the  children's  orchestra  directed  by  a  self-styled 
"executive".  The  following  is  quoted  from  an  article 
which  appeared  in  the  Survey  last  spring. 

"The  applause  of  the  children  that  greets  the  dwarfs 
at  the  moment  they  save  Snow  White  from  -the  poisoned 
comb  or  the  Seven  Swans  when  they  rush  down  the.  river 
to  the  aid  of  their  sister  at  the  burning  stake  far  exceeds 
any  given  over  the  Midnight  Man  when  he  saves  Helen 
Holmes  from  the  lion's  claws."  The  reaction  affords  as 
much  pleasure  to  the  college  girls  who  act  as  "guardians" 
as  the  pictures  do  to  the  children. 

The  college  also  receives  the  cooperation  of  the  art  de- 
partment in  this  venture.  The  students  of  this  department 
supply  attractive  posters  which  are  placed  in  the  public 
schools  advertising  esch  performance. 

This  year  we  plan  to  run  a  show  every  two  weeks  if 
we  can  get  suitable  films.  On  October  30  Treasure  Island 
was  shown  at  the  Children's  Pleasure  House;  admission 
five  cents. 

So  far  no  attempt  has  been  made  to  show  pictures  other 
than  the  best  fairy  tales  we  can  procure.  Our  children 
seem  to  be  exceedingly  proud  of  a  theater  all  their  own. 
We  have  had  no  purely  educational  films. 

NEW  CAMERA  TO  GIVE  DEPTH? 

A  CAMERA  that  "sees  with  two  eyes"  and  makes  pictures  as 
■^^  a  person  would  see  them,  with  depth,  is  claimed  as  the  in- 
vention of  two  Chicago  men,  P.  John  Berggren,  a  Swedish  physi- 
cist, and  George  K.  Spoor,  owner  of  the  Essanay  Film  Manufac- 
turing Company. 

Heretofore  photographs  have  been  made  as  a  one-eyed  person 
would  see  them — the  perspective  distorted  and  the  figures  out  of 
focus  when  seen  from  any  angle  other  than  that  at  which  th« 
picture  was  taken,  and  without  depth.  When  the  new  machine 
is  applied  to  moving  pictures,  the  inventors  assert,  patrons  who 
sit  in  a  comer  or  under  the  sheet  or  off  to  one  side  will  see  the 
pictures  in  the  same  way  as  those  seated  in  good  seats,  and  all 
will  seem  to  be  looking  through  a  window  at  actual  figures  and 
scenes.  The  inventors  claim  they  have  added  the  third  dimension, 
depth,  to  pliotography,  which  scientists  have  contended  is  an 
impossibility. 


MOVIE  SHOWS  ON  VIRGINIA  FARM 

John    Armstrong    Chaloner,    Whose    Phrase   "Who's    Looney 

Now?"   Became   Famous,  Tries  to   Solve 

Farm  Labor  Problem 

JOHN  ARMSTRONG  CHALONER,  eccentric  millionaire, 
whose  telegraphic  inquiry  to  his  brother  some  years 
ago,  "Who's  looney  now?,"  became  famous,  is  trying  to 
solve  the  problem  of  "How  to  Keep  Labor  on  the  Farm," 
by  the  establishment  of  a  movie  theater  at  his  place,  Merry 
Mills,  two  miles  from  Cobham,  Albemarle  Couniy,  Vir- 
ginia. 

The  theater  represents  the  reincarnation  of  a  former  cow- 
barn,  with  a  spacious  interior  and  wooden  seats,  com- 
fortably heated  and  well  supplied  with  accessories  for  show- 
ing the  films.  Each  program  is  presented  two  evenings  a 
week,  on  Wednesdays  for  colored  people  and  on  Saturdays 
for  white  folks.  At  a  recent  Saturday's  performance  more 
than  250  were  present,  representing  twen'y-one  different 
localities.  Many  came  from  Charlottesville  and  as  far 
away  as  the  neighboring  county  of  Fluvanna. 

The  majority  traveled  in  automobiles,  old-time  family 
two-horse  carriages  and  buggies.  Some  appeared  in  Irue 
Virginia  fashion  on  horseback,  and  many  others  came 
afoot,  generally  accompanied  by  a  flock  of  small  children. 

At  each  performance  a  good  historical  picture  or  melo- 
drama of  several  reels  is  given,  with  a  couple  of  excellent 
comedies. 

Dpi  |i|t 

CLEAN  COMMUNITY  MOVIE  SHOWS  WIN 

So-Called  "Legitimate"  Commercial  Shows  Cannot  Compete 
With  Church  Entertainment  Programs 

A    SPECIAL  dispatch  to  Wid's  Daily  from  Minneapolis 

is  enlightening  and  significant  of  the  new  conditions 

movie  theaters  are  compelled  to  face  in  many  communities: 

In  a  complaint  lodged  with  the  L'nited  Theatrical  League  the 
Colonial  theater  of  Watertown,  S.  D.,  states  that  the  Watertown 
"legitimate"  picture  business  is  being  ruined  by  so-called  free 
shows,  community  films,  and  church  entertainments  given  by  the 
Methodist  Church  in  that  place.  Various  feature  films  have 
been  shown,  with  no  admission  fee  save  a  voluntary  offering,  and 
these  have  drawn  the  greater  part  of  the  attendance  from  the 
picture  theaters,  the  complaint  says.  W.  A.  Steffes,  president  of 
the  league,  says  that  the  league  is  taking  firm  steps  to  prevent 
release  of  films  to  churches  unless  previously  shown  at  theaters, 
or  unless  they  are  strictly  educational  films. 

And  here  is  another  case  in  point  cited  from  the  North- 
western Christian  Advocate: 

Parkdale,  Ore.,  is  a  little  town  of  about  1,000  people  with  a 
dearth  of  wholesome  amusement.  The  social  side  of  life  was 
almost  entirely  neglected  with  the  result  that  life  was  tawdry 
and  often  tempted  sorely  to  the  vicious.  The  Forum,  a  class 
of  men  in  the  Parkdale  L'nited  Church,  began  to  have  some 
prickings  of  the  conscience  on  the  subject  and  determined  to 
see  what  could  be  done  in  providing  happy  and  sane  amusement. 
A  complete  motion  picture  equipment  was  purchased  and  installed 
in  the  village  hall.  It  was  understood  that  no  private  gain  was  to 
be  made  out  of  the  venture.  The  owner  of  the  hall  provided  the 
building  a  very  nominal  cost.  The  newspapers  advertised 
the  showings  free.  The  public  was  admitted  at  a  price  only 
large  enough  to  actually  cover  the  expense.  Programs  are 
shown  every  Wednesday  evening,  two  hours  in  length,  Church 
services  are  announced  on  the  screens  through  the  use  of 
stereopticon  slides.  The  "Forum  Entertainment  Bureau"  has 
been  able  to  completely  master  the  situation  and  has  so  com 
pletely  enlisted  the  interest  and  cooperation  of  the  community 
that  it  is  impossible  for  a  regular  commercial  house  to  enter  the 
field. 


15 


By  GLADYS 

"OVER  THE  HILL" 

A  PRODUCTION  which  is  sure  to  please  many  non- 
theatrical  audiences  as  well  as  theatrical  ones  is 
Over  the  Hill.  The  following  extracts  from  the 
producer's  introduction  sets  the  by-note  for  •  the 
performance  and  Oier  Ine  Hill  is  indeed  what  Mr.  Fr>x 
represents  it  to  be: 

"\)Vill  Carleton,  upon  whose  two  poems,  'Over  the  Hill 
to  the  Poor-House,'  end  'Over  the  Hill  from  the  Poor- 
House,'   this  produclion   is  based,   is  known  as   the   'Farm 


VfOTHER,  as  interpreted  by  Mrs.  Mary  Carr  in  tlie  Fox  picturization 
■^'^  of  Will  Carleton's  "Over  the  Hill  to  the  Poor-House,"  is  one  .of 
the  few  genuine  character  portrayals  on  the  screen  which  will  endure. 
It  would  have  been  so  easy  to  succumb  to  the  temptation  to  make 
her  a  hiehly  sentimentnlized  victim  of  misfortune,  but  Mrs.  Carr  was 
too  much  of  an  artist  to  fall  into  such  a  fatal  trap. 

Poet.'  He  sang  of  the  homely  things  of  life — the  things 
with  which  you  and  I  are  intimately  familiar.  Nor  li.is 
rny  poet  ever  revealed  a  keener  knowledge  of  the  inner 
workings  of  the  hearts  and  minds  of  just  Pain  Folks." 

In  Over  the  Hill  and  its  companion  piece  he  touchrd 
upon  the  same  subject  which  caused  Absalom  to  break  the 
heart  of  his  father,  David,  King  of  Israel,  and  which 
evoked  from  King  Lear  his  immortal  plaint,  "How  Sharper 
than  a  serpent's  tooth  it  is  to  have  a  thankless  child  "  I: 
is  a  subject  which  will  wrest  songs  from  poets  of  all  the 
generations  yet  to  come. 

Tliis  play  is  the  story  of  a  mother  whose  heart  never  faltered 
in  the  performance  of  her  loving  care  of  her  six  children, 
nirough  the  years  of  childhood  she  tried  to  deal  justly  with 
thenu  siiielflinji;  always  Johnny,  "the  wild  one,"  who  needed  especial 
understanding  and  support.  The  father  of  the  family  was  a 
weakling,  and  added  to  her  other  burdens  was  his  inadequate 
support.  Her  days  were  long  and  arduous.  Childhood  passed 
and  twenty  years  later"  Mother  is  a  burden.  Johnny,  wlio  has 
served  a  prison  sentence  in  order  to  shield  his  father  wlio  has 
stolen  horses,  provides  for  her  financial  support,  but  his  money 
finds  its  way  inste.id  to  a  rascally  brother's  pocket.  The  various 
forms  of  ungrUteful  treatment  offered  to  Mother  and  her  patience 
under  them  end  when  lohnny  returns  from  the  West  and  straight- 
ens out   matters. 

The  acting  and  direction  of  this  picture  are  to  be  most 

highly  praised.    Mary  Carr,  who  plays  Mother,  has  created 

a  very  genuine,  sympatlietic  mother  whose  virtue  is  that 


BOLLMAN 

she  is  the  typical  mother  of  thousands  of  everyday  homes. 
Her  interpretation  is  not  overdrawn  and  not  idealized; 
she  is  just  an  ordinary  woman  of  the  poorer  classes,  one 
of  those  "ordinary"  women  who  are  so  extrsfordinary,  and 
so  plentiful.  The  direction  also  is  most  excellent  and 
restrained  with  one  or  two  exceptions.  One  continually 
expects  poor  Mother  to  have  a  shock  after  submitting  to 
the  boisterous  affection  of  her  Johnny,  but  she  no  doubt 
was  rightly  considered  a  sturdy  old  lady.  And  the  drag- 
ging of  the  villainous  brother  is  reminiscent  of  the  earlier 
days  of  the  photoplay.  But  that  is  only  one  scene  among 
many  better  ones. 

Over  the  Hill  is  a  sad  picture  because  it  is  a  true  pic- 
ture. But  we  are  more  optimistic  than  Mr.  Fox  and  hope 
that  there  will  not  be  so  many  generations  from  which 
poets  will  "wrest"  songs  on  this  subject.  For  we  hope 
that  Mother  will  have  a  better  chance  in  the  future.  Surely 
if  all  the  Dads  present  and  future  could  see  this  picture 
and  take  heed,  the  Mothers  might  have  a  better  chance 
from  the  start.  And  if  all  the  children  could  see  it  the 
Mothers  who  didn't  get  a  fair  start  would  at  least  get  their 
share  of  gratitude  for  what  they  did  do. 

Over  the  Hill.  Produced  and  distributed  by  Fox  Film  Corp.,  ISO 
West  46tli  Street,  New  York,  and  branches  in  most  large  cities.  Not 
available   for  the   non-theatrical    field   at   present.      8    reels. 

^       mi] 

"BUNTY  PULLS  THE  STRINGS" 

T  EATRICE  JOY  is  just  the  lass  to  play  Bunty — a  wee 

bit  managing  and  more  than  a  wee  bit  wheedling,  a 

lass  who  can  put  her  arms  akimbo  and  look  fetching  in 

a  checkered  apron. 

For  clean  entertainment  Bunty  will  fill  the  bill.     Bunty 


•pHAT  pillow  flght  In  the  prolog  to  Over  the  Hill  was  a  Joyous 
.  riot  of  youth  Mow  well  the  director  Hnrrv  Millarde  understood 
Imyish  dellRht  in  sleeping  late  in  a  warm  bed,  the  sudden  awakening, 
the  brief  but  fierce  encounter  of  the  pillows,  and  the  feathers— oh, 
the  millions  of  feathers. 

pulls  enough  strings  to  keep  her  people  acting  every  minute, 
and  their  ignorance  of  the  fact  that  they  are  Bunty's  pup- 
pets keeps  one  in  a  quiet  glow  of  amusement. 

Bnnty   is   the   daughter  of   a    stern   Scotchman,   Tarn    Biggar. 
She  keeps  house  for  him  and  softens  his  tyranny  over  the  younger 

16 


son  lest  it  drive  him  away  as  it  did  the  older  son.  One  evening 
the  older  son  comes  home' in  distress  because  he  has  taken  money 
which  did  not  belong  to  him.  I'he  father,  who  "banl<s"  for  the 
widow  Simpson  who  aspires  to  the  widower's  heart  and  hand, 
takes  her  money  to  meet  the  emergency,  intending  to  pay  it  back 
later.  The  plot  thickens  when  Elen  Dunlop,  whom  Tarn  jUted 
years  before,  comes  to  his  house  and  reveals  the  fact  that  he,  too, 
was  not  free  from  youthful  follies.  From  then  on  we  are  per- 
mitted to  see  the  sad  plight  of  Tam,  whose  troubles  grow  more 
and  more  acute  until  Bunty,  by  wheedling  her  bashful  sweetheart 
Weelum,  and  searching  out  a  "mystery  of  many  year's  standing, 
brings  evervthing  to  a  happy  conclusion. 

The  atmosphere  of  the  little  Scotch  village,  the  ceremony 
of  holding  the  plate  at  the  kirk,  which  Weelum  had  .to 
forego  because  of  an  accident  to  his  Sunday  clothes,  the 
astonishment  of  the  villagers  in  the  kirk  at  the  strange 
"goings-on,"  and  the  excellent  character  work  of  the  play- 
ers make  this  a  humorous  and  enjoyable  entertainment. 

Buntv  Pvlls  the  Strinffs.  Producetl  and  distributed  by  Goldwyn  Dis- 
tributing Corp..  729  Seventh  Avenue,  New  York,  and  bninclies  in  most 
larce  cities.     6  reels. 

"NUMBER  PLEASE" 

WE  wish  that  there  were  any  number  of  comedies  like 
this!  Please,  Producers,  do  make  some  more!  Even 
the  most  particular  person  could  not  take  exception  to 
the  experiences  of  this  unfortunate  wight  who  lost  and 
lost  again  the  affections  of  his  lady  love  through  misfor- 
tunes of  the  most  amazing  and  amusing  type. 

Harold  sees  an  opportunity  to  regain  his  lady's  favor, 
by  rescuing  her  poodle,  but  fate  balks  him  at  the  very 
moment  of  triumph.  He  tries  again,  but  the  many  vicis- 
situdes of  the  telephone  experience  (which  are  as  funny 
as  can  be  imagined)  cheat  him  once  more.  He  tries  to 
get  rid  of  an  incriminating  bit  of  evidence  which  has  no 
place  in  his  innocent  career  and  again  is  unsuccessful — 
and  he  ends  in  a  worse  plight  than  he  began. 

The  comedy  business  is  as  clever  as  any  on  the  screen 
and  Harold  Lloyd,  as  always,  is  irresistible.  The  scene 
is  at  a  seaside  resort  (minus  the  bathing  girls)  with  the 
merry-go-round,  the  freak  mirrors,  the  penny-a-shot  men, 
the  hot-dog  stand,  the  shoot-the-chutes,  and  many  other 
familiar  amusements  as  sources  of  humor.  Apropos  of 
the  title,  anyone  who  has  ever  tried  to  telephone  will  ap- 
preciate Harold's  difiSculties — which  insures  universal  ap- 
preciation. 

Number  Please.      Produced   and   distributed  by  Pathe  Exchange,   Inc., 
1600  Broadway,  New  York,  and  branches  in  most  large  cities.     2  reels. 

Mb  UJ> 

"HEIDI" 

'T^HE  familiar  and  well  beloved  story  of  Heidi  has  been 
given  to  the  screen  by  Prizma,  in  colors.  Madge 
Evans  takes  the  part  of  the  little  mountain  girl  who  by 
her  simple  faith  and  love  undergoes  so  much,  and  .achieves 
so  much  for  her  dear  ones.  The  picture  carries  a  strong 
message  and  is  particularly  suited  for  the  better  type  of 
programs. 

Heidi.      Produced    and    distributed    by    Prizma.    Inc.,    71    West    2Srd 
Street,   New  Y'ork.     2   reels. 

9'      9' 
BATHING  IN  A  DEWDROP 

A  LIVELY  bathing  scene  in  which  the  pool  is  a  dewdrop  and 
the  bathers  are  creatures  too  small  for  the  naked  eye,  is 
shown  in  one  of  the  recent  motion  picture  releases  by  the  United 
States  department  of  agriculture.  The  new  film,  known  as 
"A  Plant  Disease  and  How  It  Spreads."  was  photographed  under 
the  supervision  of  scientists  in  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry, 
United  States   Department  of  Agriculture. 

The  pictures,  most  of  which  were  taken  through  a  microscope, 
deal  with  the  organisms  that  cause  rhubarb  blight  and  result  in 
heavy  loss  in  truck  farming  sections.  Field  scenes  also  are  in- 
cluded. Symptoms  showing  the  existence  of  the  blight,  the 
extent  of  damage  wrought,  and  methods  of  eradication  are  de- 
picted in  the  film,  which  will  be  distributed  through  department 
channels. 


"THE  LAST  OF  THE  MOHICANS" 

WHY  do  my  brothers  mourn!     Why  do  my  daugh- 
ters weep!   that  a  young   man   has  gone   to   the 
happy  hunting  grounds;   that  a  chief  has  filled 
his  time  with  honor!    ....    The  Manitou  has 
need  of  such  a  warrior  and  He  has  called  him  away!' 

And  yet  over  the  story  of  a  warrior  beloved  of  the  great 
Spirit  the  trail  of  the  serial  has  passed,  and  the  story  has 
been  touched  with  cheap  thrills.  This  is  very  disappoint- 
ing. The  director  may  argue  that  he  has  heigh  ened  the 
dramatic  values.  He  has  heightened  them  only  for  an 
optience  who  will  respond  to  nothing  but  cave-man  stuff. 
The  most  notable  instance  is  the  death  of  Cora  and  Uncas. 
In  the  story  Cora  is  in  the  hands  of  two  Indians  who  at 
Magua's  direction  drag  her  along  to  another  hiding  place. 
As  she  is  being  hurried  along  she  comes  to  a  precipice  and 
threatens  to  jump  if  she  is  made  to  go  any  further.  Magna 
threatens  her.  At  this  point  Uncas  leaps  into  the  fight 
and  directs  Magua's  attention,  but  Magua's  evil  wish  is 
carried  out  by  one  of  the  Indians  who  kills  Cora.  Magna 
stabs  Uncas,  but  the  Mohican,  rising  from  the  blow,  uses 
the  last  of  his  failing  strength  to  kill  Cora's  murderer. 
Magua  then  meets  his  end  from  Hawkeye's  rifle  and  falls 
into  the  depths  below. 

See  now  how  the  film  version  runs.  Magua  flies  with 
Cora  alone  to  his  wigwam.  She  rushes  to  the  precipice 
and  says  "One  step,  nearer  and  I  throw  myself  off."  Night 
falls.  She  sits  watching,  but  sleep  finally  overpowers  her. 
The  Indian  steals  closer,  grasps  her  hand.  Now  ap- 
proaches Uncas,  but  too  late  to  do  more  than  meet  an 
insoluble  situation.  Magua  holds  Cora  over  the  edge. 
Magua's  death  means  Cora's.  While  Uncas  stands  help- 
less for  a  moment  Magua  cuts  Cora's  hold  and  she  falls 
hundreds  of  feet  to  the  rocks  below.  Now  comes  a  breath- 
taking tussle  on  the  edge  of  the  precipice,  followed  by  a 
chase  and  scramble  through  the  forest,  followed  by  a 
struggle  at  the  edge  of  a  water  fall.  Splash  goes  Magua, 
and  then,  at  last,  Uncas  fatally  stabbed  dies  by  the  body 
of  Cora. 

Thus,  instead  of  the  story  of  the  protection  of  woman, 
the  long  struggle  between  mad  savage  cruelty  and  the  finer 
of  the  human  emotions,  and  theloyalty  of  noble  men  whose 
"gifts  of  colours  may  be  different  but  who  have  been  so 
placed  by  God  as  to  journey  in  the  same  path,"  instead  of 
an  ending  as  full  of  fine  significance  as  a  forest  we  have 
the  cruel  pride  of  the  hero,  the  villain,  and  "the  woman." 
The  fine  balance  between  savage  and  civilized  man  is  tipped 
by  the  humane  qualities  of  the  latter. 

We  have  Uncas,  to  make  us  sympathize  with  the  pass- 
ing of  the  red  man.  But  the  red  man  did  not  pass  because 
he  was  all  bad.  At  the  burial  of  Cora,  as  Cooper  tells  it, 
the  ceremonies  of  the  Indian  girls,  beautiful  as  they  were, 
lacked  the  light  of  intelligent  hope  which  marked  the 
prayers  of  the  preacher,  and  therefore  they  passed — they 
were  not  enough.  It  is  just  this  finer  meaning  of  the  whole 
story,  the  real  rightness  of  the  tragedy,  which  has  been 
lost  in  the  screen-  version.  Instead  of  being  a  tragedy 
of  the  passing  of  the  Indian  and  of  the  narrow  margin  by 
which  the  white  man  was  superior  to  the  red,  it  has  been 
turned  into  a  whoop-la  melodrama. 

Of  course  The  Last  of  the  Mohicans  is  far  superior  to 
the  average  screen  production.     It  is  a  good  film  for  the 
purpose  of  teaching  the  history  of  the  days  of  1757,  the 
17 


perils  of  our  pioneer  ancestors  and  their  courage,  the  life 
and  habits  of  the  Indians.  It  is  a  good  theatrical  picture, 
but  it  is  not  Cooper.  It  lacks  the  fineness  which  distin- 
guishes a  work  of  art  from  a  mere  story.  And  it  is  to  be 
regretted  that  it  will  be  seen  in  other  countries  as  an 
American  interpretation  of  American  literature. 

The  Last  of  the  Mohicans.  Produced  by  Maurice  Toumeur.  Dis- 
tributed by  Associated  Producers,  Inc.,  729  Seventh  Avenue,  New 
York.     7    reels. 

■b  Hjti 

THE  SIGNING  OF  THE  CONSTITUTION 

WT'E  the  People"  is  a  short  reel,  which  partially  records 
"^  a  pageant  presented  by  the  Constitutional  League 
of  America,  "devoted  to  the  education  of  the  people  in 
the  principles  underlying  the  Constitution  and  the  distri- 
bution of  the  People's  Edition  of  the  Constitution  to  twenty 
million  homes  in  America."  This  film  records  the  choos- 
ing of  George  Washington  for  president  of  the  body  which 
drew  up  the  constitution  and  presents  in  a  graphic  manner 
various  members  of  the  assembly,  and  the  difficulties  they 
found.  Such  a  picture  affords  a  vivid  idea  of  the  signifi- 
cance of  the  constitution  and  its  importance  as  a  living 
document. 

We  the  People.  Produced  by  Selzniclt  for  the  Constitutional  League 
of  America.    Distributed  by  Select.     1  reel. 


SPECTACULAR  HUNTING  AND  FISHING  FILMS 

TDETWEEN  400  and  500  Syracuse  sportsmen  saw  a  series 
-■-'  of  films  on  outdoor  life  recently  taken  at  hunting  and 
fishing  grounds,  at  Assembly  Hall  in  the  Syracuse,  N.  Y., 
Court  House  by  the  Anglers'  Association  of  Onondaga 
County  Monday  night.  The  pictures  cost  upwards  of  $10,- 
000  and  portray  sportsmen  in  the  act  of  shooting  game 
or  landing  unusual  fish.  In  addition  to  the  pictures  Dr. 
Charles  Adams  of  the  New  York  State  College  of  Forestry 
lectured. 

First  was  shown  the  decoying  of  Canadian  geese.  This 
is  one  of  the  most  remarkable  pictures  ever  taken  of  wild 
geese.  Hunters  are  located  in  pits  in  a  cornfield  and  hun- 
dreds of  geese  are  caught  by  the  camera,  some  within  a 
range  of  10  feet. 

Swordfishing  at  Catalina  follows.  A  complete  story  of 
the  killing  of  a  Marlin  swordfish  is  pictured.  This  release 
is  spectacular,  showing  the  strike,  the  fight  and  killing  of 
a  240-pound  swordfish,  with  several  shots  where  he  leaps 
clean  of  the  water  six  or  eight  feet. 

Hunting  the  wariest  game  bird  that  flies,  the  turkey,  is 
also  pictured.  There  is  a  remarkable  "shot"  of  a  drove 
of  wild  turkeys  with  a  six-inch  lens — as  big  as  in  real 
life.  A  wild  turkey  in  flight  is  caught  with  a  "scatter  gun" 
in  the  camera. 

A  beautiful  film,  directed  by  Hyman  S.  Watson,  editor 
of  Field  and  Stream,  shows  bass  fishing  on  the  Potomac 
River  in  Virginia. 

To  anyone  who  loves  the  big  woods  the  next  film  is 
interesting  and  exciting,  showing  a  moose  hunt  from  a 
canoe  in  New  Brunswick,  several  moose  in  the  water  at 
close  range,  and  bringing  in  the  trophy. 

A  duck  hunt  at  Curies  Neck,  Va.,  is  portrayed,  giving 
a  complete  story  with  live  stool  and  hundreds  of  ducks 
coming  in  to  the  decoys — some  shots  ten  to  fifteen  feet  away 
from  the  camera. 


W 


POPULAR  ASTRONOMY 

'"ILLIAM  PARK,  of  the  Scientific  Educational  Film  Cor- 
poration, has  revised  his  reels  on  popular  astronomy 
which  he  screened  privately  some  months  ago,  and  has  great- 
ly improved  them  from  a  popular  if  not  from  a  pedagogical 
viewpoint.  The  individual  scenes  showing  the  earth,  the 
sun,  the  planets  and  the  stars  are  more  effective  perhaps 
than  they  formerly  were;  they  seem  clearer,  and  certainly 
the  explanatory  subtitles  are  more  specific  and  have  more 
"punch"  than  in  the  previous  version.  There  are  too  many 
exclamation  points  in  the  captions  but  for  a  theater  op- 
tience  these  may  add  to  the  thrill  of  seeing  the  sun  and  the 
planets  whirl  around.  Optically,  the  effect  serves  the  pur- 
pose of  describing  the  rudiments  of  elementary  astronomy 


CATURN,  her  rings,  and  her  moons,  as  revealed  in  the 
■^  new  film  on  elementary  astronomy  produced  by  William 
Park,  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  The  animation  of  the  move- 
ments of  the  nianets  in  their  orbits  around  the  sun  and 
of  the  moons  in  their  own  orbits  is  ingeniously  done,  and 
the  lighting  is  particularly  effective. 

in  moving  pictorial  form;  technically  and  pedagogically, 
the  result  is  sometimes  crude  and  confused  although  the 
effort  is  commendable  and  worthy  of  encouragement.  As 
an  indication  of  film  possibilities  in  the  teaching  of  cer- 
tain sciences  these  reels  are  interesting,  and  as  technical 
facilities  improve  this  producer  and  others  will  perhaps 
give  to  the  educational  world  motion  pictures  of  superla- 
tive instructional  value. 

Mr.  Park  has  also  completed  a  film  showing  in  ani- 
mated drawings  how  the  Nile  river  valley  in  Egypt  has 
become  fertile  in  the  midst  of  a  sandy  desert.  In  an  in- 
structive manner  it  is  demonstrated  how  the  evaporated 
waters  of  the  Indian  ocean  are  wafted  westward  to  the 
mountains,  cooled  and  condensed  there,  and  carried  as  a 
swift,  broad  stream  down  the  river  to  the  delta  of  the  Nile. 

w   w 

MOVIES  OF  MARINE  LIFE 
A  STORY  of  dredging  the  deep  seas  around  the  island 
"^  of  Antigua,  near  South  America,  was  told  by  Prof. 
C.  C.  Nutting  of  the  University  of  Iowa  at  the  second  of 
his  group  of  lectures  under  the  auspices  of  the  Davenport, 
Iowa,  Academy  of  Sciences,  held  Friday  evening,  Decem- 
ber  10,   at  Trinity   parish  house. 

Motion  pictures  disclosed  many  views  of  English  har- 
bor, an  historic  spot  in  the  Lesser  Antilles,  activities  of  the 
exploring  party  dredging  the  sea  for  tropical  fauna,  and 
the  dashing  of  huge  waves  on  the  Pillars  of  Hercules. 
There  were  several  reels  showing  the  ways  of  serpent  stars, 
sea  urchins,  holothurians,  crabs,  turtles,  and  porpoises. 
A  big  anemone  was  seen  devouring  crabs.  One  film  showed 
a  sugar  mill  in  operation,  scenes  in  St.  John's,  the  capital, 
and  quaint  rural  scenes.  There  was  also  a  series  of  lan- 
tern slides. 


18 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


By  GLADYS  BOLLMAN 

"FATIGUE  STUDY" 

FATIGUE  STUDY"  is  a  book  to  make  one  sigh  with 
envy.  If  all  the  holidays,  chairs,  foot-rests,  rest- 
periods,  home-reading  boxes,  pencil  racks  and 
ventilation  systems  suggested  here  vrere  put  into 
use  among  workers,  how  near  the  millennium  would  be! 
We  should  all  go  to  work  in  factories  and  come  forth  at 
the  day's  end  singing  like  the  lark. 

"Fatigue  Study"  tells  in  the  first  place  the  relation  of 
fatigue  to  motion  study,  the  problems  and  methods  of 
fatigue  study,  and  how  to  make  a  fatigue  survey.  This  is 
of  interest  since  the  photograph  is  recommended  as  one  of 
the  most  satisfactory  survey  records: 

"Micromotion  study  is  the  name  we  have  given  to  our  method 
of  recording  motions  and  their  surrounding  conditions  by  means 
of  a  cinematograph  and  one  of  our  special  clocks  which  registers 
extremely  small  intervals  of  time,  smaller  than  the  elapsed  time 
t)etween  any  two  pictures  of  the  cinematograph  film.  The  micro- 
motion method  enables  us  to  record  easily  motions  down  to  less 
than  a  ten-thousandth  of  a  minute. 

"By  attaching  lights  to  the  moving  parts  of  the  body  or 
machine,  a  patli  of  liglit  wliich  resembles  a  white  wire  is  seen 
on  the  develojied  film  representing  the  path  of  the  motion.  Other 
devices  for  studying  the  relation  of  time,  speed  and  distance 
assist  in  further  analysis. 

"These  methods  of  applying  motion  study  have  been  patented, 
but  have  been  for  years  freely  at  the  disposal  of  the  colleges, 
which  have  begun  to  use  them  as  means  for  recording  accurately 
scientific  data  of  various  kinds.  They  have  justified  themselves 
as  more  accurate  than  ordinary  records  of  activity  and  have  with- 
in recent  times  been  put  on  a  basis  which  makes  their  cost 
compare  favorably  with  less  accurate  methods  of  measurement." 

The  authors,  with  this  research  as  a  basis,  suggest  vari- 
ous methods  and  devices  by  which  unnecessary  fatigue 
may  be  eliminated,  and  rest  from  necessary  fatigue  may  be 
provided. 

The  book  is  particularly  of  interest  to  industrial  managers 
and  social  workers,  and  much  of  the  descriptive  material 
:  which  has  no  relation  to  the  use  of  the  motion  picture 
will  prove  helpful  to  them.  The  use  of  the  film  as  an  in- 
vestigating medium  is  a  subject  worthy  of  further  study 
and  one  of  its  possibilities  is  well  treated  here. 

'Fatigue  Study:  Frank  B.  Gilbreth.  Lillian  M.  Gilbretli;  Macmillan  1919. 


THE  UNIVERSITY  EXTENSION  MOVEMENT 

"IT'IVE  million  people,  it  is  estimated,  are  being  reached 
through  motion  pictures  and  slides  seiit  out  by  the  ex- 
tension services.  The  extension  departments  of  state  uni- 
versities and  various  state  organizations  are  the  channels 
through  which  these  films  are  distributed.  The  pictures 
are  sent  free  and  must  be  shown  free.  Practically  every 
subject  of  educational  interest  is  represented  in  these  films. 
This  in  brief,  summarizes  the  contents  of  Bulletin  No.  84, 
issued  by  the  Bureau  of  Education,  Department  of  the 
Interior.  The  details  of  this  service,  together  with  a  direc- 
tory of  the  centers  offering  extension  service,  and  a  list 
of  extension  publications  will  prove  helpful  to  those  wish- 
ing to  use  this  service.  A  copy  of  this  bulletin  may  be 
procured  from  the  Superintendent  of  Documents,  Govern- 
ment Printing   Office,   Washington,      D.   C. 

The   Vniversity   Extension   Movement:   W.   S.    Bittner,    Bulletin    No.    SI. 
Dept.  of  the  Interior,  Bureau  of  Education.    Government  Printing  Ol&ce, 


GENERAL  RECREATION 
THE  WILLOW  TREE— 3/e«ro  5  reels 

(A  beautiful  and  unusual  Japanese  romance.) 
RELIGIOUS  PROGRAM 

THE  ETERNAL  LIGHT— CatAo/tc  Art  Association  8  reels 
(The  story  of  the  Life  of  Christ  especially  suited  to  Catholic 
audiences.) 

COMMUNITY  PROGRAM 

NEWS  WEEKLY— Patfte  1  reel 

THE  WOM.\N  WHO  WORKS— F.  W.  C.  A.  3  reels 

(How  women  have  worked  in  past  times;  "Her  safeguard  and 
Ours," — the  better  conditions  today;  "Her  wages,"— and  how 
they  must  be  added  to: — a  splendid  study  for  a  community 
gathering.) 

COMPANY— Famous  Players  (Briggs)  1  reel 

(The  bane  of  boyhood's  existence  but  a  fine  subject  for  comedy.) 
JUVENILE 

CHUMMING  WITH  CHIPMUNKS— CoJdroyn  1  reel 

PATHE  REVIEW  No.  79—Pathe  1  reel 

(Topics  for  entertainment  and  instruction  including  "The 
Making  of  Dolls,"  and  "Queer  Boarders  at  the  Zoo.") 

MOTOY  COMEDY— Educational  Films  Corp.  1  reel 

(A  story  acted  entirely  by  dolls.) 

JUVENILE— BOYS 

BUSINESS  OF  CAMPIJSiG— Educational  Film  Corp.  1  reel 

(Old  methods  and  new — of  interest  to  all  boys.) 
WARDS  OF  THE  ^ATWS—G oldie i/n  (Ford)  1  reel 

(Life  on   an   Indian   reservation.) 
EDGAR  CAMPS  OVT—Ooldwyn  2  reels 

(Before   dark   and   after   dark    are   two   different   matters — as 

Edgar  found  out.) 

COMMUNITY  PROGRAM 

HIT   THE   TRAIL    HOLLIDAY— Famows    Players  6  reels 

(A  law-enforcement  drama — not  without  comedy,  but  carrying 
the   message   straight   home.) 

RELIGIOUS   PROGRAM 

A  PALESTINE  PILGRIMAGE— Educational  Film  Magazint 
(Scenes  in  the  Holy  Land.)  1  reel 

A  MODERN  RUTH— International  Church  Film  Corp.  2  reels 
(A  story  of  a  girl  who  followed  the  Ruth  of  the  Bible  story 
ik  sacrificing  her  homeland  to  serve  others.) 

W*       ^ 

EDUCATIONAL  ADVERTISING 

TF  we  are  to  be  confronted  with  advertising  at  every  wak- 
ing  glance,  we  must  at  least  be  glad  that  occasionally 
it  is  good.  The  Cunard  Line  puts  out  a  "Geography  Paint- 
ing Book"  in  which  children  can  color  pictures  (after  a 
model)  of  Rheims  Cathedral,  The  Tower  of  London,  Galli- 
poli,  Gibraltar,  Vesuvius,  the  CoUoseum,  the  Sphinx  of 
Gizeh,  the  Pyramids,  Jerusalem  and  the  skyline  of  New 
York  City.  Two  or  three  sentences  of  descriptive  and  his- 
torical information  accompany  each  picture.  Occasionally 
a  tactful  exhortation  to  obtain  further  information  from 
teacher  is  inserted.  This  is  undeniably  "visual  education," 
and  is  worth  recognition  by  educators. 

Arovnd  the  World.     A  Geography  Painting  Book  for  Children.     Cunard 
Steamship  Co.,  Ltd. 

TUBERCULOSIS  FILM  IN  CANADA 

/^NE  of  the  most  interesting  meetings  of  the  Halifax 
^~^  Medical  S'dciety  ever  held  took  place  recently,  the  fea- 
ture of  the  meeting  being  the  presentation  of  the  film  "Diag- 
nosis of  Tuberculosis,"  which  was  shown  in  Canada  for 
the  first  time,  through  the  efforts  of  the  Massachusetts 
Health  Commission  .  The  film  was  explained  by  Dr.  Miller, 
of  the  Kentville  Sanatorium  and  Dr.  Craig  of  the  Health 
Commission.  It  portrayed  a  new  method  of  diagnosing  the 
disease.  Dr.  H.  K.  MacDonald,  Vice-President  of  the  so- 
ciety, presided  and  the  Public  Health  Nurses  were  guests 
at  the  meeting. 


19 


£T^ 


WOMAN  AND  THE  FILM 

LET  WOMEN'S  CLUBS  "CLEAN  UP"  THE  MOVIES 

Menace    of    Crime    Films    to    Child    Minds — Motion    Picture 

Survey  by   Washington  State  Women — 25  Free 

Yearly  Subscriptions  to  This  Magazine 

Offered  for  Film  Criticisms 

By  Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman 

Chairman    of   Motion    Pictures,    General    Federation    of   Women's    Clubs 


FROM  all  parts  of  the  United  States  come  letters  in- 
dicating the  deep  interest  women  take  in  the  subject 
of  better  motion  pictures.     Many  groups  are  eager 
to  undertake  providing  the  children  of  their  com- 
munities with  programs  of  the  best  films,  but  do  not  know 
what  pictures  to  select. 

How  You  May  Get  a  Year's  Subscription  Free 

As  a  means  of  stimulating  those  who  attend  motion  pic- 
ture theaters  to  keep  a  record  of  pictures  suitable  for  chil- 
dren, the  publisher  of  Educational  Film  Magazine  offers 
a  year's  subscription  to  the  magazine  free  to  be  given  writers 
of  the  first  twenty-five  letters  received  by  us,  giving  the 
title  of  what  they  consider  to  be  the  best  film  for  children 
viewed  by  them  during  the  past  six  months.  In  addition 
to  the  title  of  the  film,  we  would  like  to  know  why  it  seems 
particularly  suitable  to  the  child-mind  together  with  a 
record  of  any  scenes  or  titles  which  would  better  be  elim- 
inated. 

Extracts  from  these  letters  will  be  given  in  future  num- 
bers of  the  magazine,  and  the  discussion  which  will  follow 
will  prove  very  stimulating  to  us  all,  leading  us  to  con- 
sider more  carefully  than  before  just  what  elements  go 
to  make  up  the  ideal  motion  picture  for  children. 

Movies  and  the  "Crime  Wave" 

The  importance  of  improving  the  character  of  pictures 
shown  to  children  is  brought  home  to  us  with  increasing 
emphasis  as  the  days  go  by.  The  country  is  suffering  from 
a  "crime  wave,"  and  while  we  cannot  hold  motion  pictures 
responsible  for  all  of  this  wrong-doing,  there  are  plenty 
of  indications  that  the  detailed  depiction  of  criminal  deeds 
does  oftentimes  act  as  a  positive  suggestion  to  certain 
types  of  minds.  The  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  papers  of  January 
17  present  a  startling  example  of  the  readiness  of  children's 
minds  to  respond  to  that  sort  of  a  suggestion. 

Four  little  boys,  from  nine  to  twelve  years  of  age,  as 
they  approached  the  railroad  track  on  their  way  home  from 
the  movies,  conceived  the  idea  that  it  would  be  thrilling 
to  see  in  real  life  just  such  a  train  wreck  as  they  had  wit- 
nessed in  the  motion  picture  theater. 

From  the  picture  they  had  learned  just  how  to  go  about 
getting  the  kind  of  excitement  they  craved.  Selecting  a 
spot  near  the  boulevard  bridge,  where  an  obstruction  would 
precipitate  the  cars  to  the  river  below,  they  proceeded  to 
drag  heavy  limbers  and  other  material  and  pile  it  on  the 
track  over  which  an  express  train  would  soon  be  passing 
at  the  highest  rate  of  speed.  Fortunately,  the  conductor 
of  a  passing  freight  train  observed  the  boys,  felt  sure  they 
were  up  to  some  mischief,  side-tracked  his  train,  and  reached 


the  spot  in  time  to  drag  the  obstructions  away  just  before 
the  western  express,  with  its  sixteen  Pullman  cars,  came 
thundering  by. 

The  frequency  of  such  reports  emphasizes  in  the  minds 
of  all  thinking  people  the  danger  that  comes  to  the  nation's 
life  through  allowing  motion  pictures  to  give  in  detail  the 
method  of  carrying  out  any  wrong  or  criminal  intention. 
It  may  be  necessary,  in  order  to  have  the  conflict  so  es- 
sential to  a  drama,  to  have  some  wrong-doing  in  the  pic- 
ture, but  it  is  not  in  the  least  necessary  to  show  just  how 
the  criminal  action  was  performed.  Such  depiction  too 
often  becomes  a  lesson  in  crime,  and  no  producer  can 
afford  to  carry  the  responsibility  on  his  shoulders  of  hav- 
ing incited  the  young  of  our  nation  to  criminal  actions. 
The  producers  themselves  should  be  the  first  to  take  action 
in  this  matter,  and  thus  do  away  with  one  of  the  strongest 
arguments  that  exists  today  in  favor  of  censorship. 

Motion  Picture  Survey  of  Washington  State 

The  Washington  State  Federation  is  planning  to  make 
a  survey  of  the  state  as  regards  motion  pictures  in  the  near 
future.  It  is  a  plan  which  all  states  might  well  follow, 
for  one  of  the  first  steps  to  take  in  attempting  to  improve 
conditions  is  first  to  learn  just  what  are  those  conditions. 

The  state  chairman  sent  in  a  request  for  assistance  in 
preparing  a  questionnaire.  The  questions  suggested  mav 
prove  to  be  helpful  to  others  planning  to  do  the  same  work, 
and  they  are  therefore  given  herewith.  These  questions 
will  also  suggest  others,  and  it  would  be  appreciated  if 
all  those  who  plan  to  make  such  a  survey  would  send  in 
the  list  of  questions  they  finally  decide  to  use.  -  Each  town 
is  asked  to  send  in  the  following  information: 

1.  Name  of  the  superintendent  of  scliools. 

2.  Names  of  principals  of  higli  schools. 

3.  Names  of  scliools  equipped  with  motion  picture  projection 

machines. 

4.  Are  films  used  in  connection  with  classroom  work? 

5.  Are  they  arranged  in  courses  of  study?    If  so,  what  courses? 

6.  Are   entertainments   given    in    tlie   school   building?      If   so, 

how    often?      Under    whose    managcpient?      With    what 
success  ? 

7.  How  many  motion  picture  theaters  are  there  in  town? 

8.  What  class  of  pictures  are  shown  in  each  theater? 

9.  What   efforts   liave   been   made  l)y   the   women   to   influence  i 

the   character   of   the   pictures   shown? 
10.    What  do  the  women  feel  to  be  the  especial  need  of  their 
community? 

Let  Women's  Clubs  Make  Movies  Power  for  Good 
From  Chicago  comes  this  interesting  message:  "The 
clubs  of  Chicago  have  been  doing  some  work  in  the  way 
of  supervision  but  far  too  little.  The  managers  of  theaters 
in  outlying  districts  are  finding  out  the  value  of  coopera-  i 
tion  with  the  clubs,  but  in  some  congested  centers  it  is 
much  harder  to  accomplish  results. 


20 


"I  am  working  with  young  boys  from  nine  to  fifteen 
years  of  age  and  find  that  the  money  formerly  spent  for 
schoolbooks  is  now  devoted  to  seeing  absolutely  pernicious 
movies,  and  the  books  have  to  be  furnished  by  the  school. 

"What  is  most  needed  on  Hhe  face  of  the  earth  is  the 
arousing  of  the  civic  conscience  as  regards  our  next  gen- 
eration. A  child  spends  a  smaller  portion  of  time  in  the 
home — in  many  cases  the  child  is  locked  out  of  the  home 
for  the  three  hours  between  the  closing  of  school  and  the 
return  of  the  parents  from  work,  and  they  go  to  the  movies 
as  the  least  objectionable  thing  to  do. 

"Think  what  an  opportunity  this  would  be  for  giving 
these  children  the  right  standards  of  life  in  the  films  that 
they  see  at  this  time.  The  'movie'  can  be  a  power  for  good, 
and  in  the  women's  clubs  we  have  the  organization  that  can 
do  the  work." 

W       W 

RECENT  PICTOGRAPH  SUBJECTS 

PICTOGRAPH  7060  deals  with  the  adventures  of  a  bear  cub 
found  by  Irene  and  William  L.  Finley  during  one  of  their 
hikes  through  the  Cascade  mountains.  The  picture  shows  the 
cub  at  various  stages  of  his  growth;  how  he  made  friends  with  an 
old  watch  dog;  how  he  taught  the  dog  bear-boxing;  and  how 
he  finally  grew  up  and  learned  to  make  weather  predictions  from 
the  tree-tops.  The  boxing  match  between  the  cub  and  the  dog 
is  very  amusing. 

Part  of  Pictograph  7069  shows  by  motion  technioal  drawings 
the  inner  and  outer  workings  of  the  automatic  riveter;  and  the 
latter  part  of  the  reel  deals  with  the  narrow  gauge  railroad  up 
Mount  Tamalpais  in  California,  "the  crookedest  railroad  on  earth." 

Pictograph  7070  deals  with  "The  Human  ,Voice  in  animated 
drawings,  and  the  Finleys'  studies  of  owls  under  the  title  "Hoot 
Mon !" 

No.  7071  takes  one  for  a  trip  down  the  Orinoco  river  in  Brazil. 
There  are  cocoanut  groves,  plantations,  ships  loading  with  dye- 
woods  and  mahogany,  street  fiestas,  and  Arawak  Indians. 

"Gypsy  Scientists"  is  the  title  of  No.  7072.  Glimpses  of  elk, 
deer,  Rocky  Mountain  sheep,  the  hoary  marmot  and  the  snowshoe 
rabbit  are  seen,  also  the  catching  of  rainbow  trout.  The  Finleys 
made  this  picture  for  the  Audubon  Society. 

One  of  the  finest  of  the  Finley  nature  studies  is  the  humming 
bird,  in  Pictograph  7074.  This  little  winged  jewel  of  birdland  is 
shown  gathering  insects  and  honey  on  the  wing  and  later  feeding 
its  babies  in  a  tiny  nest. 


A   MAKER  OF 

Animated  Drawings  and  Cartoons 

Wishes  to  connect  with  a  business  organization  or  educational 
institution  using  animated  woric,  or  would  like  to  affiliate  with 
a  firm  or  individual  planning  to  establish  a  department  or  plant 
for  such  work.  Familiar  with  the  details  and  practical  pro- 
duction of  industrial  and  informational  short  subjects. 
Correspondence  invited  from  those  interested  in  films  for  educa- 
tional, technical,  and  scientific  purposes.  Address  letters  to: 
Author  of  "Animated  Cartoons,  p     *-•      I   iTT'y 

How    They    Are    Made,    Their  r.-   tj,    i^U*^ 

Origin    and    Development:'  m*>  Park  Avenue 

—Published    by    Scribners'  New    York    City 


MOTION    PICTURE    PHOTOGRAPHY 


a 


CONDENSED  COURSE  ra 

Motion  Picture 
Phoiography 


A    COMPLETE   CODRSE 

I   A    practicable,    usable,    standard    treatise 

1  for  both  the  professional  cinematographer 

i  and  those  without  experience.     About  50^ 

pages — 400   pages   of   text   and   100   pages 

of  illustrations — by  New  York  Imtitute  of 

Fhotogravhy. 

Edited  by  Lieut.  Carl  L.  Gregory,  F.  R. 
I  P.  S.,  Chief  Instructor  in   Cinematography 
I  for    the   Goyernment   Signal    Corps    School 
i  of    Photography,    at    Columbia    Unirersity, 
with  special  chapters  by  Charles  W.  Hoff- 
man,    celebrated     Feature    Photographer, 
and  by   Research  Specialitit  of  the   East- 
I  man  Kodak  Co. 

T>RTrTr  «A  on  MONEY  REFUNDED 
r^KlCE  3P0.UU  if  not  satisfied  with 
this  course   after  5   days*  examination. 


NEW  YORK  INSTITUTE  OF  PHOTOGRiPHY    ^^„,'^'  ,}^|fjr"f 

Dept.  5 — 145  W.  36th  St.,  N.  Y.  te™s  on  request. 


T 


NEW  FORD  WEEKLIES  INSTRUCTIVE 

HE  new  series  of  Ford  Educational  Weeklies  being  distributecl 
by  the  Federated  Film  Exchanges  of  America,  Inc.,  under  a 
contract  with  Fitzpatrick  &  McElroy,  of  Chicago,  promises  to  be 
tlie  most  valuable  of  all  from  an  educational  and  non-theatrical 
viewpoint. 

No.  1  is  called  "A  Fairyland"  and  shows  scenes,  tinted  in  sepia, 
of  the  Canadian  Rockies.  The  "shots"  are  magnificent  and  the 
photography  superb. 

"The  Message,"  No.  2,  tells  pictorially  the  history  of  the  trans- 
mission of  messages  from  the  Indian  runner  to  the  radiophone. 
How  telegrams  are  sent,  received,  sorted,  routed,  delivered,  and 
the  training  of  operators  are  shown. 

No.  3  deal  with  "Democracy  in  Education."  It  takes  the 
viewer  througli  the  public  school  system  and  shows  how  young 
America  is  tauglit  those  things  which  make  for  democracy  and 
the  spirit  of  free  institutions;  how  the  pupil  is  instructed  in 
government,  science,  art,  literature  and  music. 

"In  a  Palace  of  Honey,"  No.  4  of  the  new  series,  pictures  the 
work  and  life  of  the  honey-bee  and  calls  to  mind  the  marvelous 
studies  of  tliis  insect  made  by  Fabre  and  Maeterlinck.  Close-ups 
of  the  workers,  tlie  drones,  and  the  queen  bee  are  given.  A  swarm 
of  flying  bees  following  their  leader  and  the  killing  of  the  drones 
by  the  worker-bees  are  features  of  the  film. 

»         f 

SCHOOLS  OBSERVE  HEALTH  DAY 

TTEALTH  day  was  observed  in  the  elementary  schools  of  New 
York  City  on  November  9,  and  on  that  day  the  teacherf 
devoted  their  entire  time  to  the  physical  examination  of  the 
school  children.  The  defects  observed  were  noted  on  specially 
prepared  charts,  which  were  sent  to  the  office  of  the  medical 
examiner  of  the  department  of  health,  by  whom  the  defective 
children  were  examined.  If  his  findings  verified  those  of  the 
teachers  he  suggested  a  remedy.  The  teaching  staff  were  then 
expected  to  lend  its  support  in  urging  the  children  and  their 
parents  to  comply  with  the  doctor's  directions. 
*  * 

"Through  Life's  Windows,"  a  moving  picture  analysis  of  the 
human  eye  made  by  P.  D.  Hugon  for  the  American  Optical  Com- 
pany, was  shown  recently  at  the  Hippodrome,  Portland,  Ore. 


^ANNOUNCEMENT 

^  The  Film  Library  Service  is  pre- 
pared to  distribute  motion  pictures 
through  the  outright  sale  of  prints  to 
non-theatrical  users. 

^  Motion  pictures  for  teaching 
should  be  owned — not  rented.  The 
text-book  is  owned  by  the  school,  not 
borrowed  or  rented.  The  film,  to  be 
used  year  in  and  year  out,  should  also 
be  owned  by  the  user. 

^  The  Film  Library  Service  offers 
for  sale  reels  on  almost  any  subject. 

^    Send  for  particulars. 


FILM  LIBRARY  SERVICE 

67  West  44th  Street 

New  York  City 


21 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 

News  Notes  and  Comment  on  Educational  and  Allied  Films 

from  Institutions,  Organizations,  Producers  and  Individuals 

in    the     United    States    and    Canada    and    Overseas 


AMERICANIZATION  and  educational 
work  being  performed  at  the  Recruit 
Educational  Center,  Camp  Upton 
New  York,  is  shown  in  a  two-reel  film  re- 
cently completed  by  the  War  Department, 
to  be  used  by  recruiting  officers  all  over 
the  country.  The  film  shows  the  recruits 
at  classes  and  on  the  playgrounds,  where 
they  demonstrate  the  supervised  recre- 
ational  activities  of  the  new  soldier. 

*  * 

"How  Life  Begins"  was  shown  on  a 
recent  Tuesday  afternoon  to  150  high 
school  and  grade  pupils  of  Saranac,  Mich. 
Following  the  showing  George  Plews  of 
the  State  Department  of  Health  and  Miss 
Melita  Hutzel  lectured  on  social  hygiene 
to  high  school  boys  and  girls.  In  the 
evening  Mr.  Plews  spoke  to  adults  on 
"The  Parents'  Part  in  the  Sexual  Educa- 
tion of  Their  Children."  The  pictures  and 
the  lecturers  were  brought  to  this  section 
by  Roy  "R.  LeValley,  County  Secretary 
of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

*  * 

"Some  Fakirs  I  Have  Known"  was  the 
unique  subject  of  a  talk  by  Owen  O. 
Wiard,  a  detective,  at  the  Summerdale 
Congregational  Church,  in  Ravenswood,  111. 
Films  and  colored  slides  illustrated  the 
lecture.  The  attendance  is  said  to  have 
been  four  times  the  usual  one.  The  pastor 
of  the  church  is  arranging  for  an  entire 
week  of  crime  prevention  lectures  illus- 
trated with  movies  and  slides. 

*  * 

According  to  A.  C.  Ringsred  of  the 
Duluth  Public  Schools,  the  state  fire  mar- 
shall  of  Minnesota  has  notified  the  local 
board  of  education  that  fireproof  booths, 
complying  strictly  with  the  regulations, 
must  be  used  in  all  of  the  schools  where 
motion  picture  apparatus  is  installed. 
The  building  and  grounds  committee  of 
the  board  has  authorized  the  installation  of 
such  booths. 

*  * 

On  a  recent  Wednesday  evening  the 
Jefferson  Avenue  M.  E.  Church  of  Sagi- 
naw, Mich.,  presented  an  International 
program  as  follows:  Drama,  "By  Their 
Fruits;"  comedy,  "The  Ragged  Girl  of 
Oz,"  "A  Study  in  Tempo,"  illustrating  the 
work  of  the  high  speed  camera,  a  travelog, 
and  a  Bible  picture.  'J'he  program  made 
a  deep  impression  upon  the  optience. 

*  * 

The  First  Christian  Church  of  Hous- 
ton Heights,  Texas,  has  purchased  a 
motion  picture  projector  and  will  show 
Bible  films  frequently.  The  church  plans 
to  erect  a  new  building  in  1921  and  will 
have  modern  picture  equipment.  Rev.  T. 
F.  Weaver,  the  pastor,  is  enthusiastic  over 
the  idea  of  teaching  the  Bible  via  the 
motion  picture  screen. 

*  * 

E.  D.  Ackerman,  chairman  of  the 
Americanization  Committee  of  Milwaukee, 
has  received  films  dealing  with  United 
States  history  and  citizenship,  which  he 
has  arranged  to  have  shown  at  American 
I.«gion  posts,  clubs,  social  centers,  and 
other  local  organizations.  In  some  in- 
stances speakers  will  talk  in  conjunction 
with  the  films. 

*  * 

The  First  Presbyterian  Church,  DePere, 
Wisconsin,  featured  a  prohibition  film  re- 
cently. Screen  productions  will  be  seen 
•vary  Sunday  night  after  services. 


"Miracle  Money,"  a  Ford  Educational 
Weekly,  and  other  films  were  recently  on 
view  at  tlie  Canton,  Illinois,  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

*  * 

At  a  recent  Sunday  afternoon  meeting 
at  the  Rock  Island,  111.,  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Dr. 
W.  C.  Sensibaugh  of  the  International 
Church  Film  Corporation  explained  th6 
motives  animating  that  company  in  the 
production  of  Bible  films,  two  reels  of 
which  were  shown  locally.  The  Y  mem- 
bers were  keenly  interested  in  what  he 
had  to  say. 

*  * 

Tlirough  the  cooperation  of  public,  paro- 
chial, and  private  schools  of  Brooklyn  and 
Queens  a  course  of  health  instruction  was 
inaugurated  under  the  auspices  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  the  prevention  of  Tuberculosis 
in  Brooklyn,  and  the  new  Queens  County 
Tuberculosis  Association.  Meetings  were 
held  at  the  Polytechnic  Institute  and  at 
Public  School  85,  Long  Island  City.  The 
program  consisted  of  health  talks  and 
films. 


Six  motion  picture  theaters  in  Washing 
ton,  D.  C,  were  recently  offered  to  th 
president  of  the  Board  of  Education  fo 
use  by  the  district  scliools.  It  was  under 
stood  that  the  theaters  might  be  usei 
freely  up  to  2  p.  m. 

*  * 

Educational  movies  were  shown  recent 
ly  for  the  children  of  Sioux  City,  lowal 
in  the  morning  at  tlie  Plaza  Theater,  anc! 
in  the  afternoon  for  tlie  members  of  tli( 
women's  clubs  at  the  First  Unitariai 
Church.  No  admission  charge  was  made 
Dean  W.  A.  Russell  of  the  University  o 
Iowa  supplied  the  pictures. 


WANTED 

All  kinds  of  used  educational  film  for 
cash.  State  number  of  subjects,  condition 
and  footage.  I  buy,  sell,  rent,  and  ex- 
change.    Lists   on    request. 

DANIEL  J.  GOFF,  Film  Broker 
3159  Indiana  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


Educational  Motion  Pictures 

Tounc/ec/  Aif 

Henry  Ford 
IS  NOW  READY 

jfor  ^/le  use  oPevery 

Classroom;  School  House;  College;  University; 
Institution  and  Or^a.nizat;ion, 

IN  THE  WORLD 


Prepaared  and  Edited  by  FVominent 

Gducectxona.1    speciaLlists,  wKo  are 

experts  in  "V^sua.1   Instruction. 

Price;  $100  eLyeair  for  40  Rims 

One  filnrx  for  each  week  of  the  School  year 
Ejr*    50*^  a.  dey "  5  days  a  -wGck 

K^t/nopsis  or  riims,  ana  comp/e/e  inTormaHon  on  reauest 

Fitzpatrick.  &  McElrqy 

202  South.  Sta-te  Sireet 
CHICAGO 

Sole  Representatives 


22 


The  Milwaukee  Public  Museum  is  pre- 
senting a  series  of  ten  Saturday  afternoon 
lectures  illustrated  by  "films  and  slides. 
Dr.  L.  D.  Peaslee  recently  gave  an  illus- 
trated talk  on  "Stock  liaising  and  Meat 
Packing."  One  film  pictured  tlie  life  of 
.  the  cowboys  and  another  meat-packing 
processes.  Or.  PeasU-c's  sul)jeot  on 
December  11  was  "Egypt  and  the  Story  of 
the  Pyramids."  The  second  lecture  of  the 
series  was  attended  by  1200  Milwaukee 
scliool  children. 


The  heads  of  various  departments  of 
the  University  of  Michigan  are  said  to 
be  seriously  considering  the  use  of  educa- 
tional films  to  supplenient  courses  in 
geology,  civics,  history,  and  political 
economy. 

*  * 

There  was  an  illustrated  lecture  on 
social  hygiene  for  women  and  girls  over  the 
age  of  fourteen,  under  the  auspices  of 
the  Woman's  Club  of  Beardstown,  111.,  on 
December  2,  at  the  Princess  Theater  in 
that  city.  The  lecturer  was  Dr.  R.  S. 
Yartos,  Educational  Supervisor  of  the 
Illinois  State  Department  of  Public 
Health.  The  film  shown  was  "The  End 
of   tlie    Road." 

*  * 

Films  produced  by  tlie  Society  for 
Visual  Education,  covering  history,  geog- 
rapliy,  geology,  astronomy,  and  botany, 
were  seen  recently  l)y  the  members  of  the 
Lake  Forest  Women's  Club,  at  Chicago, 
and  the  Federated  Women's  Clubs  of  Knox 
County,  at  Galesburg,  111. 


The  life  of  the  Arapahoe  and  Shoshone 
Indians  and  the  work  the  church  is  doing 
among  them  were  revealed  in  an  interest- 
ing film  at  the  Parish  House,  Cheyenne, 
Wyoming.  Bishop  Thomas  delivered  a 
short  address  introducing  the  picture. 
»  * 

On  a  recent  Monday  afternoon  at  the 
high  school  auditorium  in  Santa  Cruz, 
California,  a  two  reel  picture  on  power 
farming  was  sliown.  The  film  is  owned 
by  the  visial  education  department  of 
the  University  of  California. 

*  * 

"American  Catliolics  in  War  and  Re- 
construction" was  the  film  shown  recent- 
ly at  the  Creighton  Auditorium  in 
Omalia,  Neb.,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Omaha  Council  of  Catholic  Women. 

"Louisiana,"  a  film  starring  Vivian  Mar- 
tin, was  seen  at  the  juvenile  motion  picture 
show  in  the  Vermont  Street  Methodist 
Church,  Quincy,  III.. 

*  * 

The   Women's    Civic    League   of    Balti- 
more, Md.,  is  entertaining  hopes  of  having 
(  motion    picture   machines   placed    in    each 
!  of  the  city  schools.     The  educational  com- 
;  mittee  of  the  league  is  working  to  reform 
commercialized  movies. 

*  * 

Tlie  people  of  Muskegon,  Michigan,  saw 
themselves  in  movies  at  the  Majestic 
Theater  in  that  city.  A  film  was  made  by 
the  Tisdale  Industrial  Film  Corporation 
of  Chicago,  showing  churches,  schools, 
large  mercantile  establishments,  manufac- 
turing plants,  and  city  officials. 

*  * 

A  special  cameraman  from  the  educa- 
tional department  of  the  Path6  Exchange, 
Inc.,  has  been  in  Pensacola,  Florida, 
takmg  pictures  of  historical  places  to  be 
used  in  a  series  of  history  films  based  on 
the  historic  spots  of  America,  which  are 
i  being  compiled  by  Path^. 


The  first  presentation  of  the  film  "The 
Canonization  of  Joan  of  Arc,"  which  is 
the  only  motion  picture  ever  taken  of  the 
inside  ceremonies  of  the  Vatican,  was 
given  its  first  production  at  the  Hotel 
Plaza,  Kew  York,  on  December  18,  at  the 
Christmas  Festival  and  Mistletoe  Dance 
held  there  to  raise  funds  for  the  College 
of  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y. 


The  Salt  Lake  City  Home  and  School 
League  recently  had  on  its  program 
Charles  Ray  in  "The  Nine  O'Clock  Town" 
and  Fatty  Arbuckle  in  "The  Sheriff;" 
also  Enid  Bennett  in  "Fuss  and  Feathers" 
and  a  DeHaven  comedy,  "Springtime." 
The  ushers  and  chaperons  were  Columbus 
and  McKinley  school  teachers,  with  music 
by  a  saxaphonist  of  the  former  school. 

*  * 

A  copy  of  the  Pathd  Gazette  showing 
the  memorial  celebration  of  Armistice  Day 
in  London,  England,  has  been  presented 
to  the  Imperial  War  Museum,  where  it 
has  been  carefully  put  away  in  the  archives 
for  the  benefit  of  future  generations.  A 
permanent  museum  for  the  preservation  of 
films  of  national  historical  value  should 
unquestionably  be  established  in  every  land, 
and  will  be  in  the  course  of  years. 


Have  you  read  about  our  great  Loote- 
Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service  on 
page  4  of  this  issue?     If  not,  do  so  NOW. 


THE   elapsing    time,   and   the  distance 
passed   over,   can    l>e   shown    in   the 
moving  picture  and  In  the  animated 
diagram. 

These  are  of  great  value  in  the  sclentlflc 
study  of  the  movements  of  men  and 
machines. 

I    will    undertake    to    prepare   them   to 
speciflcation. 
W.  O.  OWEN,  2719  Onurio  Ro«d  N.  W. 
Wuhington,  D.  C. 


MOTION     PICTURES 
OF  YOUR  CHILDREN 

Weddings,  parties,  social  gath- 
erings. Industrial,  Educational, 
indoor  and  outdoor  life. 

LIFSHEY  &  BROWN 

FIRESIDE  FILM  STUDIO,  Inc. 

537  FIFTH  AVENUE,  N.  Y. 

Demonstration  at  the  Studio 


Zenith  Portable 

MOTION  PICTUREPROJECIOR 


c/I  STANDARD  MACHINE 
-not  a  makeshift! 


Approved  and  listed  as 
a.  standard  machine  by  the 
Underwriters'  L2Jt>oratories 
of  the  National  Board  of 
Fire  Underwriters, 
Aui^ust  20?  1920. 


Projector  $225. 

■    Motor  40. 

Stereopficon   25. 

eOO-Wati  Mu<l>  Lamp         6  . 


^  the  price  of 
any  other  Standard 
Projector 


^  FOR  UNIVERSAL  USE  because  its 

^SAFE-SIMPLE-SOUND-SURE! 

^;ZENl'ffl  PORrABLE"'Kas  universal  motor,  aliernaiinrf 
or  direct  current;  Wk  or  low  volta6e:  stereopticon  attacnment. 

EacKmrt  and  every  macKine  is  Konestly  built  and  lully;Ajaranteed. 
555«'"ZENrni"meets  every  Projector  requirement-in the  World! 

%  can  use  a  /iiifi-brade  Jealer  ina/ew  uncon/rachJ  ierriiorifM 

Fitzpatr  ick  &McElroy 


"TtNiTH  Portable' Projector 

202  SouiK  Stale  Street  Oiica^ 


23 


Most  makers  of  educational  pictures 
are  business  men  who  sit  at  desks  and 
quote  you  figures. 

It's  hard  to  find  me  at  a  desk  because 
my  time  is  spent  out  on  location  direct- 
ing scenes;  in  the  cutting  room  weav- 
ing film  into  films,  or  hidden  away 
writing  titles  or  the  next  story. 

I  live  in  the  bully  work  of  making 
the*  pictures — not  in  the  business  of 
selling  you  on  them. 

That  means  that  each  production  is 
as  individual  as  motion  pictures  can  be. 


Carlyle  Ellis 
71  West  23rd  St. 
New  York  City 
Gramercy  960 


THE  IMPOSSIBLE  HAS  HAPPENED 

We  have  now  ready  for  distribution  SCREEN  SER- 
MONliTTES,  living,  pulsating  Gospel  messages  in 
motion  pictures.  Five  hundred  feet  to  each  message 
— compiled  from  the  best  sources  and  presenting  the 
"cream"  of  religious  thought.  Our  initial  efforts  com- 
prise the  following:  "The  Lost  Christ,"  "The  Gospel 
of  Another  Chance,"  "The  Light  of  the  World,"  "The 
liook  in  Which  All  Write."  These  are  brand  new 
releases,  constituting  a  decided  innovation  in  the 
motion  picture  field.  They  are  made  by  clergymen, 
not  theatrical  producers;  therefore,  the  actual  needs 
of  the  Church  have  been  met  on  a  basis  of  a  complete 
and  sympathetic  understanding.  As  a  reminder  we 
list  the  following! 

Satan's  Scheme;  The  Great  Miracle,  6  reels  each. 
Paradise  Lost,  Abraham's  Temptation  in  Egypt, 
The  Prince  of  Peace,  From  Darkness  to  Dawn,  a 

great  serial  from  "SATAN'S  SCHEME,"  4  chap- 
ters of  2  reels  each,  especially  adapted  for  Sun- 
day evening  use. 

Little  Jimmy's  Prayer,  2  Reels,  After  the  Fall,  4 
Reels,  The  Problems  of  Pinhole  Parish,  (a  special 
missionary  film). 

EXCLUSIVE  FOR   CLERGY   AND  EDUCATORS 

We  have  arranged  for  private  screenings  of  our  re- 
ligious educational  and  wholesome  entertaining  pro- 
grams, to  be  held  nt  our  offices  EVERY  MONDAY 
FROM  10  A.  M.  TO  4  V.  M.  Motion  Picture  Pro- 
jector* will  be  deinonstratcd  and  our  Service  Depart- 
ment will  be  glad  to  furnish  detailed  information. 
Spend  an  hour  with  us  some  Monday  at  our 
new  headquarters 


21  East  Seventh  Street,  Chicago,  i 


uat    South 
of  the  Loop 


THE  NEW  ERA  FILMS 


Model  S-S-One 

COSMOGRAPH 

For  use  with  SAFETY  STANDARD  FILM  and 
LANTERN  SLIDES 

MODEL  SS-1  is  designed  for  use  with  Safety  Stand- 
ard non-inflammable  film  and  accommodates  either 
Pathescope  or  Eastman  perforation. 

IS  EQUIPPED  WITH  STEREOPTICON  LANTERA 
SLIDE  attachment  and  will  accommodate  any  Stand- 
ard 3^/4x4  inch  glass,  paper  or  mica  slides. 

THIS  MACHINE  is  ideal  for  Church  or  Class  Room 
work  and  can  be  furnished  with  or  without  adjust- 
able legs.  Is  regularly  equipped  with  400  watt 
Mazda  special  filament  lamp.  If  desired  600  watt 
lamp  and  lamphouse  can  be  furnished  for  exception- 
ally long  throws  and  where  a  larger  picture  is  wanted 
for  a  slight  additional  cost. 

CONVENIENT  TO  CARRY.  When  the  machine  is 
packed  in  Carrying  Case  it  condenses  down  to  a  size 
of  about  (12x18  inches).  This  case  also  acts  as  a 
housing  for  the  lower  takeup  reel  when  in  operation. 
The  feed  reel  being  on  top  of  the  mechanism  allows 
the  film  to  travel  in  a  straight  line  and  simplifies  the 
threading.  The  weight  of  this  machine  is  about  32 
pounds. 

OTHER  ADVANTAGES.  Can  be  used  anywhere 
without  the  use  of  a  Fireproof  booth. 

WE  MANUFACTURE  other  model  Portable  Projec- 
tors and  would  be  pleased  to  send  more  additional 
information,  also  our  terms  and  prices  and  dealer's 
])roposition. 

Agents  Wanted  Everywhere 

Factory 

Cosmograph  Building 

MOREHEAD,  KENTUCKY 


(ieneral  Sales  Oliices 

Broadway  Film  Building 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO 


Th8  Cosmograph  Motion  Picture  Machine  Co.  inc. 


Esubluhed  1910 


LEO  E.  DWYER,  Gcn'l  Sales  Manager 


24 


In  regular  motion-picture  Kouses  \s?Kere  arcKitect  and 
owner,  adKering  to  rigid  building  codes,  Ka^Je  grOen  full 
protection,  tKe  logical  film  to  use  is 

EASTMAN 
FILM 

In  nomes,  scKools,  cKurcKes  and  lodge  rooms  wKere 
portable  projection  is  used  and  tKe  need  for  full  protection 
emphasized,  tKe  logical  film  to  use  is 

EASTMAN 
SAFETY  FILM 

TKe  film  tKat  is  identifiable  as  safe  tKrougKout  its 
entire  lengtK.  TKe  words— Eastman  Kodak  Safety  Film- 
are  stencilled  in  tKe  film  margin  at  ten  incK  intervals. 


EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY 

ROCHESTER.  N.  Y. 


vW 


s^ 


y 


Urban 
Popular 
Classics 


THEY  are  fashioned  from  the  finest 
and  largest  library  of  film  in  the 
world — more  than  2,000,000  feet,  more 
than  8500  subjects. 

All  of  them  meet  the  double  test; 
they   instruct   and   they   also   entertain. 

Their  value  is  permanent.  They 
form  the  world's  motion-picture  ency- 
clopedia, 'TAe  Living  Book  of  Knowl- 
edge." 

The  school,  the  home,  the  field  of 
commerce,  the  theatre — all  are  in  their 
province. 

Obtainable  as  follows: 

J.  Movie  Chats 

In  one  reel,  from  3  to  20  subjects,  like 
an  illustrated  lecture. 

2.  Kineto  Review 

In  one  reel,  devoted  to  one  subject  of 
history,  geography,  the  arts  of  all 
countries  and  many  other  interna- 
tional subjects. 

3.  World  Travel 

One  reel  tours  to  every  land  where 
men  have  traveled. 

4.  Science  Series 

Averaging  300  foot  lengths  of  many 
scientific  subjects,  three  subjects  to 
the  reel. 


Write  for  our  catalogue  and 
more    detailed    information. 


KINETO    CO.   OF  AMERICA 

INCORPORATED 


71    W.  23rd  St. 


President 


NKW  YORK 


To  tnttftmm  and  amuM  u  gooth- 
Te  do  both  and  imtruct  ii  bttttr. 


■:^   'iT'(?f^S^*l 


EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 

MAGAZINE 

The  International  Authority  of  the 


ior 

I  Picture  Field 

A 

z^^^^m 

^^m 

^^^ 

^^^ 

j"**^^^^*^^ 

-.J=J==        ,,^ 

G/4^  F//m  and  Slide  Catalog 
You  Can  'Depend  On 

Read  inside  this  cover 


Your  School,  Church,  Club,  Factory 
Can  Get  a  Movie  Projector 

FREE 


Read  page  32 


'■^^-^'^^^^^P'^  -^ 


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Your  Exchange  Informa- 
tion Always  COMPLETE 
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if  you  have  in  your  coat 
pocket  or  on  your  desk 


EDUCATTONAT^     FILM     MAGAZINK'K 


LOOBE-LEAJT   CATALOG^ 
ANuINFORlVLATION  SERVICJi: 

(Copyright  1921  by  Educational  Film   Magazine) 

Thousands  of  film  titles  are  being  listed!  Every  film  subject  available  in  the  exchanges  (in- 
cluding narrow  width)  classified  and  described,  giving  number  of  reels,  contents,  nature  of  sub- 
ject, name  of  producer,  exchange,  rental  or  purchase  price  when  possible,  etc.  Complete  lists  of 
all  producers  distributors,  exchange,  etc.  Full  descriptions  of  all  motion  picture  and  still  picture 
eciumment  accessories,  etc.  THE  MOST  COMPLETE  AND  DEI^ENDABLE  FILM  AND 
SLIDE  INFORMATION  SERVICE   EVER  OFFERED! 

The  Only  Film  and  Slide  List  that  Can  Never  Grotv  Old! 

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OUR  STRONG,  DUR.\BLE  LOOSE-LEAF  BINDER,  illustrated  above,  will  last  for  years. 
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attractive  features  make  this  Great  Reference  Book  a  valuable  addition  to  your  office  or  library. 
NEW  FILM,  SLIDE,  AND  EXCHA.XGE  LLSTS  are  issued  every  few  weeks  to  replace  or 
add  to  the  information  already  in  your  Binder.   These  sheets  come  to  you  punched  and  ready  to 
slip  on  in  a  moment.     These  corrections  and  additions  keep  your  Catalog  and  Information  Ser- 
vice always  complete,  acmrate,  and  up-to-the  minute.     It  cannot  grow  old  and  out-of-date  as  all 
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and  your  Lof).se-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service,  for years,  beginning  with  the 

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ready,  and  your  service  is  to  continue  as  long  as  sul>scriptic)n  remains  ])aid-up. 

Name   I  I(jme  -Address    

Citv  and  State Position  


Publiahed  monthlir  hy  Dolpli  RimIiiihii  iit  White  I'lninii,  N.  V.,  iinil  »»  Wmt  4Sii(l  .Street  (Acolliin  Hull),  New  Vnrk  City.  (Addriiw  nil  nimimiiiicntlims  to  N.  V, 
City  office*).  Sutiwrfplion.  I'.  S.  niiil  PniuK-wilona,  tl  n  yeiir;  otlier  <H)uiitrlcii.  12  11  yenr;  sliiKle  ciiplos.  l.i  ociitx.  Kiiterea  iis  seitmcl  cIiikr  mutter  IH-t-emher  3,  l!>i» 
nt  the  pmt  olDcc  at  Wliltr  I'liilti*.  N,  V..  under  the   Art  of  Miirrli  S,   IN7I).     CnpyrlRlit  11)21  by  Dolpli  KiiHtninn, 


ROBERTSON-COLE 

Schools,  CKurcnes,  Secular  Societies  and 
Institutions  of  all  Sorts  Can  Prepare  Motion 
Picture  Programs  RicK  in  Educational  and 
Entertainment  Value  b})  Using  Any  of  tke 
Following    Robertson-Cole    Subjects: 


CANNIBALS  OF  THE  SOUTH  SEAS  (in  5  Reels) 
CAPTURED  BY  CANNIBALS  (in  5  Reels) 

Filmed    by    Martin    Johnson,    Famous    Explorer,    First    to    Photograph    the    Savages    of    the    Pacific 

Incomparable  for  Educational  Values 

MARTIN  JOHNSON'S   "On  tke  Borderland  of  Civilization" 
One  Reel  Subjects — They  Tell  the  Story  of  the  South  Seas  in  Pictures 

THE  BRENTWOOD  SERIES 

Each  a  Clean,  Wholesome,  Entertaining  Story  in  Five  Reels 

"THE  BOTTOM  OF  THE  WORLD" 

Sir  Ernest  Shackleton's  thrilling  attempt  to  cross  the  South  Pole 

13  ONE  REEL  ADVENTURE  SCENICS 

The  Finest  in  the  World 


Obtainable  at  any  of  these  ROBERTSON-COLE  Exchanges: 


733  Broadway 

ue    Marietta   St. 

39  Qiurch   St. 

215  Franklin  St. 

Consumers    Bldg. 


ALBANY 

ATLANTA 

BOSTON 

BUFFALO 

CHICAGO 

aNONNATl 

Broadway  Film  BIdg. 
(Pioneer  St.  &  Bway.) 
CLEVELAND 

750    Prospect    Ave. 
DALLAS  1807  Main  St. 

DENVER  17J4  Welton  St. 

DETROIT      Eliz.  b  John  R.  SU. 


INDIANAPOLIS 

11    W.    Maryland    St. 
KANSAS    aTY 

Ozark  Building  (928  Main  St.) 
LOS  ANGELES  825  S.  Olive  St. 
MILWAUKEE 

301    Enterprise   Bldg. 
MINNEAPOLIS 

309  Loeb  Arcade  Bldg. 
NEW     ORLEANS 

81 S   Perdido   St. 
NEW  YORK  1«00  Broadway 

OKLAHOMA   QTY 

7  S.  Walker  St.,  Box  978 


OMAHA  1308  Farnum  St. 

PHILADELPHIA 

1219    Vine   St. 
PITTSBURGH 

121    Fourth  Ave. 
SAN  FRANaSCO 

177  Golden  Gate  Ave. 
ST.  LOUIS 

3623  Washington   Ave. 
SEATTLE  1933  Third  Ave. 

SALT   LAKE   OTY 

12    Post    Office    PI. 
WASHINGTON 

916    "G"    St.,    N.    W. 


Robertson-Cole 


Paramount  Pictures  Available 
for  Non-Theatrical  Exhibition 

The  need  for  the  right  kind  of  motion  pictures  for  use  in 
schools,  churches  and  institutions  of  all  kinds  is  met  in  the  most 
practical  way  by  Famous  Players-Lasky  Corporation,  both  as  to 
the  kind  of  material  available  and  its  intrinsic  value. 

Whether  your  purpose  be  to  entertain,  educate  or  frankly  amuse 
you  will  find  the  best  of  its  kind  among  these  Paramount 
Pictures  at  a  price  you  can  pay. 


Full  information  and  sound  ad'vice  on  your  motion  picture 
problems  can  be  had  from  the  Manager  of  the  Famous 
'Players-Lasky  Corporation  Exchange  in  the  following  cities : 


Denver,  Colo 1747  Welton  St. 

New  Orleans,  La 814  Perdido  St. 

Chicago,  111 845  So.  Wabash  Ave. 

De3  Moines,  la 415  W.  8th  St. 

Cincinnati,  0 107  W.  3rd  St. 

Kansas  City,  Mo 2024  Broadway 

New  York  729  7th  Ave. 

San  Francisco 821  Market  St. 

Charlotte,  N.  C 28  W.  4th  St. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 608  1st  Ave.  N. 

Pittsburgh,  Pa 1018  Forbt-s  St. 

Philadelphia,  Pa 1219  Vine  St 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 145  Franklin  St. 

Albany,  N.  Y 33  Orange  St. 


New  Haven,  Conn 132  Meadow  St. 

Omaha.  Nebr 208  So.  13th  St. 

Detroit,  Mich 63  Elizabeth  St. 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah 133  E.  2nd  So.  St. 

Oklahoma  City,  Okla 128  W.  3rd  St. 

Washington,  D.  C 421  10th  St.  N.  W. 

Atlanta,  Ga 51  l.uckie  St. 

St.  Louis,  Mo 3929  Olive  St. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal 112  W.  9th  St. 

Seattle,  Wash 2017  Third  Ave. 

Cleveland,  Ohio ....811  Prospect  .\ve. 

Dallas,  Texas  1902  Commerce  St. 

Boston,  Mass 8  Shawmut  St. 


•; FAMOUS  PLAYERS-LASKY  CORPORATION 


AI>OLini  ZUKOR  Pr*t  JF.SSIC  L  LASKY  t^nr  /><-.•(  CECIL  B  DE  MILU:  Difvtl>M 


^-^tt'-,  r.bvc 


Published  Monthly  at  White  Plains.  N.  Y..  and  33  W.  42nd  Street,  New  York  City.  (Address  all  communications  to  N.  Y.  City  offices.)  DOLPH 
EASTMAN.  Editor  and  Publisher.  Sutecription :  United  States  and  Possessions,  |1  a  year;  other  countries,  12  a  year;  single  copies,  15  cents. 
Eastern  Advertising  Representatives.  H.  D.  Hascall  and  Associates,  Times  Building.  1475  Broadway,  New  York  City.  Western  Repre- 
sentative: George  H  Meyers,  Room  920,  14  W.  Washington  St.,  Chicago,  111  Canadian  Representative:  Muriel  E.  Bruce,  37  Bleecker  St., 
Toronto.  Canada.  Advertising   rates  on  application.  Copyright,  1821,  by  Dolph  Eastman. 


Vol.  V. 


MARCH,  1921 


No.  3 


IN  THIS  ISSUE 


EDITORIAL    5 

The  Film  a  Panacea  for  Social  Unre.st 

MOTION  PICTURES  OF  SOUND  WAVES 6 

By  F.  R.  Watson,  M.Sc.— Illustrated 

VISUAL  EDUCATION  AT  N.  K  A.  MEETING 7 

FILMS  WILL  SHORTEN  AND  ENRICH  COURSES 7 

By  R.  G.  Jones 

WORLD-WIDE  CO-OPERATION  FOR  BETTER  FILMS     8 

By  F.  S.  Onderdonk.  Jr. 

RESEARCH  COMMITTEE  BEGINS  ITS  WORK 10 

By  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann.   Ph.D. 

AMERICAN  LEGION  HAS  53  WAR  FILMS 13 

EDUCATIONAL  MATINEES  AT  ST.  PAUL  INSTITUTE  15 
DR.  MERIAM  WOULD  FILM  ONLY  LIFE  ACTIVITIES  15 

SUGGESTED  PROGRAMS  15 

NEW  BIBLICAL  FILMS  RELEASED 16 

By  Hilda  D.  Jackson 

SUNDAY  MOVIES  16 

By  Rev.  James  Adderley 
MOVIES  WIN  CONVERTS  AT  REVIVALS 16 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS  18 

Ey  Gladys  Bollman— /H«»«ra(ed 

HOW  TO  ORGANIZE  A  VISUAL  INSTRUCTION  ASSO- 
CIATION IN  YOUR  CITY  22 

By  Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman 

INDUSTRIAL   DEPARTMENT  24 

Edited  by  Leona  Block — Illustrated 

The    Porcelain    Lamp — Movies    Teach    Retail    Salesmanship- 
Industrial   Film   Notes 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 27 


Loose-Leaf  Catalog 

Inside  front  cover 

Robertson-Cole    1 

Famous  Players-Lasky  Corp 2 

Carter  Cinema  Co 3 

Educational  Film  Exchanges,  Inc.  4 
Cosmograph  M.  P.  Machine  Co... 26 

Chas.  Ra}-mond  Thomas,  Inc 28 

Film  Library  Service 29 

The   Religious   Digest 29 

New  Era  Films 30 


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THE  LIVING  WORLD 


In  Four  Parts 


PFOTJrF  V    ^TONF  PRODUCES  another  epoch-making 
ijrjv^xvvjriii  iL).  oiUiML  masterpiece  OF  micro-photography 

Films  Now  Available 

Used  in  Visual  Instruction  Courses  of  the  New  York  City  Schools 

and  Elsewhere. 


How  Life  Begins   ....   4  reels 
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Honey  Bee 2  reels 

Cell  Mitosis 1  reel 

House  Fly    1  reel 


Soon  to  Be  Released 


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CINEMA 


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Telephone,  Bryant  7594-7595 


"THE  SPICE  OF  THE  PROGRAM" 

THE  SIGN  OF 
COMPLETE  SERVICE 


WHY  SHOP  AROUND  for  short  sub- 
jects  to  complete  your  program  when 
you  can  get  the  highest  type  of  every 
kind  of  picture  you  need  from  Educa- 
tional Film  Exchanges,  Inc.? 

And  —  you  can  get  whatever  you  want  not  only 
for  a  single  week,  but  for  every  week  in  the  year. 

Where  else  but  from  Educational  can  you  get  a 
choice  of  three  types  of  scenics  and  travel  pictures, 
and  of  six  distinct  kinds  of  comedies,  plus  "specials" 
— each  the  leader  of  its  class  and  obtainable  on  a 
basis  of  two  hundred  and  thirty  releases  a  year? 

Where  have  you  ever  been  able  to  get  such  oc- 
casional short  reel  features  as  Man  O'  War  in  "The 
Race  of  the  Age"— except  from  Educational? 

That  is  the  broad  scope  of  Educational  Service 
which  is  enabling  exhibitors  everywhere  to  plan 
their  programs  a  year  ahead  and  devote  all  the  rest 
of  their  time  to  running  their  theatres. 

EDUCATIONAL    FILM    EXCHANGES,    INC. 

E.  JV.  Hammons,  President 

Executive  Officet:    370  SEVENTH  AVENUE,  NEW  YORK  CITY 


Established  January,  1919 


The  International  Authority  of  the  T^ on-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 

Covering  Educational,  Scientific,  Agricultural,  Literary,  Historical.  Juvenile,  Governmental,  Religious,  Travel 
Scenic,  Social  Welfare,  Industrial,  and  Cultural  Motion  Pictures 

PuhU»hed   Monthly   at    White    Plains,   N.    Y.,   and   SS  West    4Snd    Street   (Aeolian  Hall).  New   York  City 
DOLPH  EASTMAN,  Editor  mid   Publisher  GLADYS  BOLLMAN,  Assistant  Editor 


Vol.  V. 


MARCH,  1921 


No.  3 


THE  FILM  A  PANACEA  FOR  SOCIAL  UNREST 


IF  ignorance  of  basic  conditions  and  absence  of 
mutual  understanding  and  respect,  to  say  naught 
of  mutual  affection,  are  the  fundamental  causes 
of  wars,  whether  within  or  between  nations  and 
individuals,  it  might  appear  easy  to  some  enthusiasts 
to  write  after  this  simple  diagnosis  a  remedy  for  a 
cure:  "Take  the  motion  picture  in  large  doses,  and 
take  it  often." 

Unhappily,  however,  there  are  other  reasons  for  the 
state  of  social  unrest  which  has  existed  externally 
with  little  change  since  the  days  of  the  Athenian  ol- 
igarchy but  which  in  its  internal  manifestations  has 
recently  undergone  profound  changes.  The  tremen- 
dous social  and  economic  upheaval  produced  by  the 
late  war  seems  to  have  brought  matters  into  clearer 
juxtaposition  insofar  as  the  upper,  middle,  and  lower 
classes  of  mankind  are  concerned  than  any  other 
world  event  since  the  founding  of  Christianity.  Too 
long  have  ruling  powers  of  the  earth  put  off  the 
reckoning.  In  the  judgment  of  many  sane  thinkers 
the  time  has  come  to  face  the  facts  and  adjust  society 
to  meet  the  changing  conditions  of  life  on  this  planet. 

Before  the  war  of  1914-1918  labor  in  the  United 
States  and  other  coimtries,  if  not  entirely  satisfied 
with  its  lot,  if  restless  and  ambitious  inwardly,  at 
least  outwardly  was  comparatively  peaceful  and 
harmless.  This  is  not  to  say  that  it  had  no  grievances, 
that  it  was  at  the  time  or  ever  had  been  fairly  treated 
by  capital.  That  labor  throughout  the  world  had  been 
shamelessly  exploited  by  capital  and  government, 
yea,  even  by  the  church,  for  centuries  is  hardly  open 
to  question.  But  it  required  the  enormous  sacrifices 
of  the  war  in  men,  material,  money,  and  physical 
energy  to  bring  home  to  the  workers  a  bitter  realiza- 
tion of  the  historic  inequities  and  injustices,  yea, 
cruelties,  to  which  labor  had  been  subjected  since  the 
earliest  times.     The  reaction  of  the  working  classes 


to  this  awakening  has  been  violent,  and  still  startles 
a  world  accustomed  to  the  pre-war  status. 

Religious  bigotry  and  intolerance  too  has  raised  its 
ugly  head  in  Ireland  where  the  fight  is  not  so  much 
for  a  free  republic  as  for  the  domination  of  the  Cath- 
olic group  in  the  southern  part  of  the  country.  Upon 
this  sensitive  chord  bolshevik  propaganda  is  playing 
in  the  Near  and  the  Far  East — a  fact  which  is  causing 
the  British  and  French  governing  powers  grave  con- 
cern. 

When  we  recall  the  statements  made  by  those  who 
visited  Russia  and  by  serious  students  of  the  Russian 
problem  that  the  film  might  have  saved  that  unhappy 
country  to  civilization  had  it  been  applied  intelligent- 
ly and  in  time,  we  will  have  some  appreciation  of 
what  the  motion  picture  can  do  to  appease  social 
unrest  everywhere  and  to  break  down  the  barriers  of 
ignorance,  misunderstanding,  prejudice,  and  hate  and 
in  their  place  establish  bonds  of  knowledge,  mutual 
imderstanding,  sympathetic  feeling,  respect,  and  love. 
If  the  screen  could  do  only  an  infinitesimal  part  of 
these  things,  it  should  be  welcomed  and  utilized  by  all 
races,  creeds,  and  colors  of  humanity.  But,  properly 
directed,  it  can  do  them  all  and  should  be  prized  to- 
day as  man's  most  priceless  gift  to  the  future  peace, 
prosperity,  and  happiness  of  earth's  inhabitants  and, 
who  knows,  to  those  of  distant  spheres. 

Limitations  of  space  do  not  permit  detailing  the 
many  ways  in  which  motion  pictures  can  be  applied  to 
solve,  or  help  solve,  social  and  humanistic  problems 
of  aU  kinds;  but  these  practical  applications  will  be 
studied,  tested  and  made  workable  by  competent 
specialists.  Even  now  a  beginning  has  been  made  by 
several  welfare  organizations,  with  beneficent  results 
increasing  as  the  work  expands  and  the  workers  in 
this  limitless  field  increase  in  numbers  and  in  per- 
sonal efficiency. 


MOTION  PICTURES  OF  SOUND  WAVES 

Propagation,  Interference,  and  Reflection  of  Waves 
Ingeniously  Filmed 

By  F.  R.  Watson,  M.  Sc. 

Professor   of   Experimeutal   Physics,    University  of   Illinois,   and 
lixpert    in    Acoustics 


MOTION  pictures  of  sound 
waves!  It  sounds  in- 
teresting even  to  the  lay- 
man. How  much  more 
so  to  the  specialist  in  physics  and 
acoustics  will  appear  from  this 
article  which  is  a  more  detailed 
description  than  the  abstract  of 
our  investigation,  which  was  pre- 
sented before  the  American  Phys- 
ical Society  in  Chicago  on  Decem- 
ber 28  last. 

My  scientific  work  has  been  al- 
most entirely  in  Ihe  subject  of 
acoustics.  In  1909  I  wan  assigned 
the  problem  of  corret.'tiiig  the 
acoustics  of  the  aiK'itorium  at  the 
University  of  Illinois,  a  project 
which  took  about  seven  years  for 
its  successful  completion.  A  num- 
ber of  papers  by  the  author  vvere 
published,  describing  th.;  ihroiy 
and  practice  of  "Acoustics  of  Au- 
ditoriums." 

In  1916  an  apparatus  was  de- 
veloped for  showing  wave  molion, 

this  subject  being  fundamental  in  the  science  of  acoustics. 
The  waves  were  generated  on  a  water  surface  and  made 
visible  by  a  "stroboscopic"  method.*  A  stream  of  com- 
pressed air  was  interrupted  by  a  rotating  wheel  with  a  series 
of  holes  in  it  so  that  intermittent  puffs  of  air  could  be  blown 
against  a  water  surface.     The  resulting  waves  were  made 

visible  by 
flashes  of 
light  that 
passed  up- 
ward thru 
the  glass 
liottom  of 
the  tank 
containing 
the  water 
and  cast 
shadows  of 
the-  waves 
the    photographs    were 


pROFESSOR  WATSON  was  born  in  Lawrence,  Kansas, 
■^  in  1872.  In  1876  his  family  moved  to  L,os  .Anfrelcs 
California,  where  he  attended  the  grade  and  the  Normal 
Schools.  Later,  he  studied  at  the  University  of  California 
and  Cornell  University.  In  1002  he  accepted  a  position 
in  the  Physics  Department  of  the  University  of  Illinois 
and  lias  remained  there  since  in  various  positions,  beins 
advanced  to  Professor  of  Experimental   Physics  in   1017. 


arrangement  of  the  flashes  of  light 
were  made  visible  when  in  the 
same  position.  Since  they  were 
really  waves  and  not  drawings, 
they  presented  the  actual  phenom- 
ena of  wave  motion. 

By  this  procedure  films  have 
been  obtained  showing  propaga- 
tion, interference,  and  reflection  of 
waves.  One  feature  of  the  film 
consists  in  pictures  of  waves  to 
imitate  the  action  of  sound  in 
auditorium.''.  For  this  purpose,  a 
miniature,  vertical  cross-section 
model  of  the  auditorium  was  laid 
on  the  glass  bottom  of  the  tank 
containing  the  water.  Waves  were 
then  generated  by  puff's  of  air 
that  struck  the  water  in  the  posi- 
tion occupied  by  an  orchestra  in 
front  of  the  stage.  The  accom- 
panying photograph  shows  one  po- 
sition of  the  resulting  waves. 

It  is  quite  desirable  in  securing 
acceptable  acoustics  in  a  room  to 
know  how  the  sound  waves  act; 
how  they  are  propagated,  and  how  after  reflection  they  in- 
terfere with  other  waves.     This  knowledge  allows  an  intel- 


pHOTOORAPIl  to  illustrate  the  pattern  of  »ound  wims 
set    up   in    an    auditorium    when    music   is   produced. 


pHOTOORAPH   sliowinK   interference  of  two 
'■    by  Prof.  Eldrcdge  of  the  University  of  Illi 


sets  of  waves. 
Illinois. 


Taken 


on    a 
made. 


frosted    glass    from    which 


Filming  Phenomena  of  Wave  Motion 
Motion  pictures  were  obtained  by  arranging  to  have  the 
flashes  of  light  fewer  in  number  than  the  puff's  of  air  gene- 
rating the  waves.  This  resulted  in  a  slow  motion  of  the 
shadows  of  the  waves  on  the  frosted  glass,  that  is,  the 
waves  appeared  to  move.  The  shadows  were  really  com- 
posites of  a  considerable  number  of  waves  which  by  the 


ligent  application  of  sound  absorbing  materials  and  an 
eff'eclive  modification  of  objectionable  surfaces  to  secure 
desirable  acoustical  conditions. 

Further  Film  Studies  Needed 

It  is  planned  to  secure  additional  motion  pictures  of  va- 
rious phases  of  wave  motion  that  will  serve  to  illustrate  in 
an  efl'ective  way  with  actual  waves  just  how  the  action  takes 


*"A   study  of  Ripple  Wave  Motion",  I'hv'ical  RevieuJ,   Vol.   7,  p.  828, 


'-.# 


place.  Many  phenomena  are  known  in  a  general  way  from 
the  theory  of  the  subject  but  detailed  knowledge  in  some 
instances  will  be  valuable.  In  the  case  of  megaphones  and 
phonograph  horns  there  is  a  demand  for  accurate  informa- 
tion ;  also,  in  the  case  of  mechanical  aids  for  deafness,  there 
is  a  further  need  for  data.  Then,  for  educational  purposes, 
it  is  desirable  to  exhibit  the  waves  in  motion. 

The  extension  of  the  investigation  to  include  motion 
pictures  was  due  to  repeated  suggestions  by  Professor  A. 
G.  Eldredge,  in  charge  of  the  Department  of  Photography, 
that  such  pictures  would  be  of  value.  The  photographs  w..e 
taken  by  Professor  Eldredge. 

VISUAL  EDUCATION  AT  N.  E.  A.  MEETING  '" 
Papers  Read  at  Single  Session  of  a  Theoretical  Trend — 
Commercial  Exhibit  Attracts  Crowds 

SO  far  as  visual  education  is  concerned  the  annual  gather- 
ing of  the  Department  of  Superintendence  of  the  Na- 
tional Education  Association,  which  took  place  at  At- 
lantic City,  New  Jersey,  February  24  to  March  3,  officially 
was  much  like  its  predecessors — given  over  largely  to  theo- 
ry and  academic  discussion  and  fruitful  of  no  real,  practical 
results  for  the  schools  and  colleges  of  the  country.  Some  of 
those  in  attendance  deplored  this  tendency  on  the  part  of  ed- 
ucators to  talk  and  await  developments  rather  than  initiate 
forward  steps  and  accomplish  something  definite.  As  one 
man  put  it: 

"The  way  we  are  doing  it  will  take  fifty  years  to  make 
visual  instruction  a  power  in  the  schools;  what  I  want  is 
to  see  it  in  general  use  in  the  schools  within  three  to  five 
years.  The  time  has  come  to  stop  talking  and  begin  taking 
action.  Colleges  and  school  boards  and  state  educational 
authorities  should  get  busy  and  make  appropriations.  Re- 
search work  now  going  on  in  visual  education  will  show  the 
necessity  for  funds  not  only  for  the  wide  employment  of 
motion  pictures  but  other  visual  aids  as  well." 

Wednesday  afternoon,  March  2,  the  only  visual  education 
conference  of  the  meeting  was  held  at  the  Hotel  Traymore. 
There  was  a  paper  by  John  A.  HoUinger,  director  of  the 
visual  department,  Pittsburgh  public  schools;  "Shall  We 
Harness  the  Motion  Picture?"  by  J.  W.  Shepherd,  director 
of  visual  education,  University  of  Oklahoma ;  "Material  and 
Its  Arrangement  for  Educational  Motion  Pictures"  by  W.  M. 
Gregory,  School  of  Education,  Cleveland  public  schools. 
There  was  to  have  been  a  round  table  discussion  but  the 
lateness  of  the  hour  made  this  impracticable.  Mr.  Shepherd 
in  his  talk  put  forth  a  suggestion  for  unified  constructive 
research  work,  showing  that  little  real  knowledge  of  peda- 
gogical principles,  effects  and  methods  in  visual  instruction 
is  in  the  possession  of  educators  at  the  present  time.  Mr. 
Gregory  outlined  a  formula  for  a  model  film  production 
plant  and  standards  for  acceptable  educational  films. 

The  breakfast  conference  of  the  National  Child  Wel- 
fare Association  at  the  Blackstone  Hotel  on  the  morning  of 
March  2  was  announced  to  take  in  visual  education,  but  the 
only  visual  references  were  to  the  interesting  posters  of  the 
association  which  are  tacked  up  in  the  schools. 

The  commercial  exhibits  on  the  Million  Dollar  Pier  were 
i    well  displayed  and  attracted  large  crowds  daily.   Many  con- 
cerns interested  in  selling  visual  equipment  and  material  to 
the  schools  were  represented. 

The  general  meeting  of  the  N.  E.  A.  will  take  place  at  Des 
Moines,  Iowa,  July  4  to  9,  1921. 


FILMS  WILL  SHORTEN  AND  ENRICH  COURSES 
By  R.  G.  Jones 

Superintendent   of   Schools,    Qeveland.   Ohio 

nPHE  educational  film,  as  an  agent  in  visual  education, 
has  rare  possibilities  which  we  pray  will  experience 
the  least  possible  delay  in  consummation.  The  schools 
have  been  so  busy  in  the  exercise  and  development  of 
routine  abstract  training  that  waste  of  children's  time  has 
been  given  scant  consideration.  Pupils  have  been  both 
lectured  and  questioned  beyond  all  reason,  but  if  reason 
there  be,  it  is  because  it  is  the  easier  way  for  those  who 
have  failed  to  exercise  imagination  and  acquire  a  vision 
of  ways  and  means  less  laborious  and  more  efifective. 
Geography,  history,  literature,  civics,  sociology  easily  lend 
themselves  to  filmland. 

The  Cleveland  Public  Schools  have  organized  a  bureau 
of  visual  education  to  secure  and  provide  educational  films 
for  some  twenty  centers  where  motion  machines  are  in- 
stalled. 

The  study  of  industry  and  commerce  has  supplemented 
work  in  geography,  and  the  allied  fields  in  social  sciences 
have  profited  as  well.  The  larger  high  schools  show  films 
during  the  noon  hour  every  school  day,  £uid  to  the  educa- 
tional films  many  amusement  films  have  been  added. 

We  eagerly  await  a  more  varied  selection  of  films  and 
expect  to  economize  the  time  of  students  by  shortening 
courses  as  well  as  enriching  them. 

SLOW  MOTION  FILMS  TRAIN  ATHLETES 

Form  Is  One  of  the  Hardest  Things  To  Teach,  Says  Noted 

Coach,  But  the  Cinema  Has  Proved  Its 

Value  In  Training. 

LAWSON  ROBERTSON,  noted  coach  at  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  Coach  Smathers  at  Emory  Col- 
lege in  Georgia  have  recently  expressed  themselve* 
strongly  in  favor  of  using  the  motion  picture  in  the  more 
effective  training  of  college  athletes.    A  projection  machine 
has  been  installed  at  the  latter  institution  for  this  purpose 

Coach  Robertson  says  he  is  amazed  at  the  teaching  pos- 
sibilities of  slow  motion  films  in  the  training  of  athletes, 
and  that  within  the  next  five  years  the  use  of  the  cinema  for 
this  purpose  will  be  general.  In  France,  Sweden  and  other 
European  countries  motion  pictures  have  been  used  for 
some  time  past  in  the  effort  to  bring  athletics  to  a  higher 
state. 

One  of  the  most  difficult  things  to  teach  the  aspiring 
track  and  field  star,  is  form.  Sprinters  must  recognize 
form,  otherwise  they  handicap  themselves  in  getting  away 
from  the  tape.  Weight  men  must  observe  the  rules  of  form, 
otherwise  they  are  handicapped,  and  so  it  goes  through 
the  entire  gamut  of  track  and  field  events. 

Mr.  Robertson  says  with  the  use  of  the  cinematograph, 
it  will  be  possible  to  take  the  picture  of  some  noted  athlete 
who  has  the  proper  form,  then  throw  the  picture  on  the 
screen  slowly,  giving  those  interested  a  chance  to  study 
every  move. 

Movies  of  some  of  the  contests  at  the  last  Olympic 
meet  at  Antwerp  will  prove  especially  valuable  for  presen- 
tation to  prospective  track  and  field  candidates.  In  the 
jumping  events,  for  instance,  every  move  of  the  jumper 
from  start  to  finish  is  shown  clearly.  In  the  pole  vault 
the  pictures  are  especially  interesting  because  they  show 
the  proper  form  in  going  over  the  cross  bar,  a  form  that 
is  quite  difficult  for  most  novices  to  attain. 


WORLD-WIDE  COOPERATION  FOR  BETTER  FILMS 

International    Federation    of    Better    Film    Societies,    Known 

as  Saniga  Cinema,   to  Act  as   a   Clearing   House  and 

Guide  for  All  Good  Pictures  and  Spread  the  Light 

of  Love  and  Knowledge  Everywhere 

By  F.  S.  Onderdonk,  Jr. 

OrganizinR    Secretary   of    Saniga    Cinema 
(Tlie  Film  Liglit  Crusade) 


WHY  duplication?"  was  asked  in  the  January  edi- 
torial of  EorcATioxAi.  Film  Magazine  with  regard 
to  producing  educational  films  in  America.  Why 
limit  this  question  to  our  country?  The  motion 
picture  is  essentially  international;  by  translating  sub- 
titles one  produced  in  Chicago  can  serve  Berlin  and  Pe- 
king schools;  another  produced  by  a  Paris  surgeon  can 
instruct  physicians  in  Argentine  and  Sweden.  The  Society 
for  World  Culture  in  Vienna  is  making  ethnographical 
and  historical  films,  some  on  the  human  race,  some  even 
on  America;  perhaps  exactly  the  same  subjects  are  being 
produced  in  America.  To  avoid  duplication  an  interna- 
tional clearing  house  which  gives  information  to  the  various 
national  producers  and  societies  is  needed. 

"A  Trip  to  Mars,"  reviewed  in  the  January  issue  of 
this  magazine,  was  seen  by  the  author  in  Vienna  theaters 
in  November,  1918;  after  three  inquiries  to  the  Nordisk 
Film  Company  in  Copenhagen,  finally  information  ar- 
rived, stating  that  it  was  available  at  the  Tower  Film  Cor- 
poration, New  York.  It  has  been  released  only  by  ex- 
changes in  New  England  and  Michigan.  A  good,  elevating 
film  produced  three  years  ago  in  Denmark  is  yet  hidden 
to  the  majority  of  Americans!  Four  other  films  of  equal- 
ly high  standard  and  beauty  produced  by  the  same  com- 
pany previous  to  1918  have  not  yet  even  reached  this  con- 
tinent! 

This  slow  system  of  circulation  is  good  enough  for 
mediocer  films  which  at  best  are  a  business  proposition. 
But  good  photoplays  which  hundreds  of  communities, 
churches,  and  schools  are  in  need  of  all  over  the  world 
deserve  quick  spreading.  This  can  be  achieved  only  by 
an  International  Federation  of  Better  Film  Societies  whose 
correspondents  in  all  countries  would  notify  headquarters 
of  exceptional  or  objectionable  films  they  see;  this  infor- 
mation would  be  passed  on  to  the  affiliated  national  socie- 
ties who  could  induce  national  exchanges  to  procure  the 
good  foreign  films  or  themselves  act  as  exchanges.  An 
International  Federation,  Saniga*  Cinema,  has  been  sug- 
gested to  the  following  European  better  film  movements 
and  has  been  favorably  considered  by  several  of  them. 
Exchange  of  film  lists  and  literature  between  these  na- 
tional groups  as  suggested  by  Saniga  Cinema  has  already 
begun. 

EimopEAN  Better  Film  Movements 

ENGLAND.  The  Cinema  Re-Creative  Circle  (C.  R.  C.) 
was  founded  by  Mary  C.  Home  and  dates  from  the  spring 
of  1917.  "Re-Creative"  suggests  first  the  idea  of  the  true 
end  of  all  amusement,  and  with  regard  to  the  prospective 
developments  of  this  infant  prodigy,  the  new  creative  force 
which  will  find  new  methods,  new  effects,  and  new  ways 
of  presenting  old  truths  and  new  wonders.  It  is  an  all- 
British  movement,  supported  and  encouraged  by  the  sym- 
pathy and  co-operation  of  thirty-five  well-known  and  in- 
fluential societies  engaged  in  religious  and  educational 
*Sanl(a:  Biperuito:  Sane-makinr. 


work.  On  its  advisory  council  are  duly  appointed  mem- 
bers of  these  societies,  and  a  special  viewing  committee 
guides  its  choice  of  films.  Its  professed  aim  is  "to  unite 
in  a  definite  and  concerted  effort,  on  practical  lines,  all 
clergy,  teachers,  and  social  welfare  workers,  in  order  to 
harness  the  unbounded  force  of  the  cinema  in  the  interests 
of  right  thinking  and  noble  living."  The  Cinema  Re- 
Creative  Circle,  in  response  to  invitations  aims  at  estab- 
lishing branches  in  Canada,  America,  South  Africa,  New 
South  Wales,  India  and  Siberia  and  through  the  co-opera- 
tion of  missionaries,  in  Persia,  China  and  Singapore. 

A  second  organization  of  more  recent  date,  which  is 
characteristic  of  the  nation  that  produced  the  Salvation 
Army  and  the  Bible  Society,  is  the  Kinema  Mission  Move- 
ment (K.  M.  M.).  It  desires  not  so  much  to  take  the  film 
into  the  churches  but  to  take  the  Gospel,  by  means  of  the 
film,  to  the  80  per  cent  outside  the  influence  of  the  church. 
In  view  of  the  present  scarcity  of  suitable  religious  films, 
the  production  of  a  number  of  special  films  will  be  the 
first  work  of  the  K.  M.  M.  for  which  they  are  collecting 
£50,000. 

FRANCE.  The  Catholic  Society  Maison  de  la  Bonne 
Presse  is  the  promoter  of  a  French  Federation  of  Good 
Cinemas;  230  assenting  replies  have  been  received  from 
French  clergymen,  which  is  not  so  insignificant  as  ther« 
exist  only  1,800  commercial  motion  picture  theaters  in 
France;  18  favorable  answers  came  from  foreign  coun- 
tries, and  a  similar  plan  is  being  carried  out  in  Nicaragua. 
La  Bonne  Presse  equips  the  above  Bons  Cinemas  with  pro- 
jectors and  conducts  a  film  exchange  which  in  the  last 
year  added  150,000  meters  of  film  to  their  former  stock; 
only  a  small  percentage  is  religious;  the  rest  are  reviewed 
and  cut  films  of  a  general  kind.  Their  monthly  Le  Fas- 
cinateur  gives  information  on  the  better  film  movement 
in  various  countries. 

Lack  of  cooperation  is  especially  remarkable  in  France. 
A  small  Protestant  group  Le  Bon  Cinema,  which  organizes 
exhibitions  of  educational  and  moral  films,  was  unknown 
to  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  cinema  department  and  it  took  an  Ameri- 
can passing  through  Paris  en  route  for  New  York  from 
Vienna  to  make  them  acquainted.  Likewise  the  Protestant 
group  had  never  been  heard  of  by  the  Catholic  Bonne 
Presse  and  all  three  are  not  cooperating  with  the  Cinema 
a  la  Campagne  which,  started  during  the  war  with  patriotic 
aims,  is  now  road  showing  with  four  cinema-aiUomobils 
agricultural,  prohibition,  and  anti-tuberculosis  films. 

SWITZERLAND.  The  Swiss  Commission  for  Cinema 
Reform  was  organized  in  1919  in  Zurich  by  several  pro- 
fessors; their  program  is  similar  to  that  of  the  better  film 
movements  in  other  countries  and  they  encounter  the  same 
difficulty  in  finding  suitable  films. 

As  formerly  in  history,  Geneva  again  leads  by  forming 
an  interdenominational  committee  which  organizes  evan- 
gelistic meetings  where  motion  pictures   dominate. 

ITALY.    The  National  Institute  Minerva,  devoted  to  edu- 


8 


cational  lantern  slides  and  films,  was  founded  in  1914  and 
has  regular  performances  in  Rome,  Milan,  and  Naples. 
Its  director  is  a  deputy  of  the  Italian  parliament  and  warm- 
ly welcomed  the  suggested  International  Federation. 

According  to  Le  Fascinateur,  the  report  that  the  Pope 
had  put  his  ban  on  the  Bible  film  produced  in  Italy  is 
quite  incorrect;  in  reality,  high  standing  Roman  Catholic 
persons  have  given  expression  of  their  approval.  This  re- 
markable film  produced  by  Dr.  A.  P.  Gariazzo  shows  the 
Old  Testament  in  26  episodes;  six  episodes  were  shown 
in  Rome  and  received  unanimous  applause.  The  report 
adds  that  it  is  up-to-date  technically,  shows  good  taste  and 
beauty,  and  is  full  of  action. 

SPAIN,  FRANCE,  BELGIUM.  Several  cities  are  promo- 
ting the  use  of  educational  films  for  school  children  with 
funds  appropriated  by  the  municipal  authorities.* 

HOLLAND.  Three  cities  besides  the  Hague  have  re- 
cently installed  motion  picture  theaters  devoted  exclusive- 
ly to  school  children  and  forty-five  other  Dutch  towns  are 
preparing  to  follow  this  example.* 

NORWAY.  So  far  the  only  country  (Russia  excepted) 
where  motion  picture  theaters  have  been  nationalized;  the 
government  gives  the  former  owners  5  per  cent  interest  and 
the  remaining  profits  are  used  to  support  hospitals  and 
other  welfare  agencies.* 

GERMANY.      In    Dr.    E.    Ackerknechts    Handbuch   fur 
Lichtspielreformer  (Handbook  for  Motion  Picture  Reform- 
ers)  the  appendix  listing  the  German  literature  on  motion 
picture  problems  occupies  40  pages.    This  list  includes  138 
books  and  pamphlets;  fourteen  periodicals  (of  which  four 
no    longer    are    published)  ;    and    521    articles    printed    in 
magazines  not  devoted  to  films.     This  deluge  was  mostly 
theory    as    lack    of   unity    paralyzed    the   various   societies 
formed  to  promote  educational  and  better  films.     Progress 
was  made  when  in   1917   a  conference   of  reformers   and 
teachers  was  held  at  Stettin  and  the  Bilderbuhnenbund  was 
organized;    about   thirty   German    cities   have   municipally 
owned  motion  picture  theaters   which  run   a   reform   pro- 
gram of   morally   unobjectionable   photoplays   and   educa- 
tional films,  and  these  have  now  formed  a  federation,  the 
Bilderbuhnenbund.     The  Filmliga   (Berlin)   encourages  the 
production  of  artistic  and  high  grade  photoplays  by  review- 
ing films  and  recommending  the  good  ones.     The  Ufa,  the 
largest  German  film  company,  has  a  special  culture  depart- 
ment which  produces  educational  films,  some  of  which  are 
already   circulating    in    Scandinavia    and    South    America. 
One  of  them  treating  social  hygiene  received  a  large  silver 
medal  for  the  best  educational  film  exhibited  at  the  Inter- 
national   Motion    Picture    Exposition    held    at    Amsterdam 
last  year.     Ufa's  new   film  for   instructing  the   deaf  and 
deaf-dumb  has  been  made  by  Professor  Flatau  of  Berlin 
University.     The  difficulty  of  teaching  deaf  people  is  that 
they  can  only  learn  to  read  words  off  the  lips  of  persons 
who   are   specially   trained   and   gifted;    such   teachers   are 
only  in  institutions  where  this  kind  of  instruction  is  given 
for  years.     The  motion  picture's  unlimited  possibilities  of 
repetition  and  transport  will  herein  introduce  a  new  era. 
A  deaf  lady  on  seeing  this  film  for  the  first  time  was  easily 
able  to  read  sentence  after  sentence  from  the  lips  of  the 
screened  persons. 


The  recognition  that  educational  films  have  received  is 
shown  by  the  fact  that  one  is  being  made  as  a  supplement 
to  a  thesis  for  attaining  the  degree  of  doctor  at  Berlin  Uni- 
versity; it  depicts  phenomena  newly  discovered  in  muscles 
of  paralyzed  persons.** 

In  the  German  speaking  districts  of  Czechoslovakia  mo- 
tion picture  theater  owners  have  organized  a  Culture  Fed- 
eration and  a  corresponding  Czech  society  is  planned.  The 
government  of  Czechoslovakia  will  make  it  conditional  in 
issuing  new  licenses  for  establishing  motion  picture  theaters 
that  these  will  regularly  give  matinees  for  school  children. 

AUSTRIA.  A  promising  society  for  visual  instruction, 
Kastalia,  showed  films  to  school  children  in  the  years  pre- 
ceding the  war  but  the  bud  was  blighted  in  the  upheaval. 
After  the  revolution  the  government  of  the  new  German- 
Austrian  Republic  organized  a  State  Film  Office  to  produce 
films  devoted  to  public  welfare  and  education;  it  has  al- 
ready made  a  film  depicting  Vienna  famine  conditions  that 
was  helpful  in  procuring  aid  from  foreign  countries.  In 
March,  1920,  a  conference  of  Austrian  reformers  and  teach- 
ers interested  in  film  problems  convened  in  Vienna.  The 
author  had  opportunity  to  tell  of  the  efforts  made  in  America 
and  his  suggestion  for  world-wide  cooperation  for  better 
films  was  heartily  applauded.  As  a  result  of  his  lecture 
a  Saniga  Cinema  committee  was  formed  as  the  Austrian 
branch  of  the  planned  International  Federation. 

SERBIA.  As  was  told  in  the  February  issue  of  this 
magazine,  the  Minister  of  Public  Health  has  an  appropria- 
tion of  more  than  a  million  francs  for  health  propaganda, 
to  include  a  large  amount  of  film  production.  The  govern- 
ment is  interested  in  the  growing  movement  to  teach  through 
the  motion  picture. 

ROUMANIA.  The  Minister  of  Public  Education  has 
recently  made  inquiries  of  American  film  producers  and 
publications  with  a  view  to  installing  cinema  equipment 
and  screening  films  regularly  in  the  public  schools  of 
Roumania.  A  considerable  appropriation  has  been  given 
for  this  purpose. 

International  Cooperation  Essential 
All  the  above  better  film  movements  are  confronted  by 
the  difficulty  of  procuring  suitable  motion  pictures  and 
thus  world-wide  cooperation  becomes  a  necessity.  In  the 
same  year  that  the  Old  Testament  is  being  filmed  in  Italy, 
an  American  company  is  producing  reels  dealing  with  the 
Creation  and  the  Garden  of  Eden.  While  six  reels  of 
popular  science  films  ("The  Mystery  of  Space,"  "The 
Earth  and  the  Moon,"  etc.)  are  being  distributed  in  Amer- 
ica, the  French  release  a  big  astronomical  film  in  five  parts: 
The  Earth;  the  Moon;  the  Fixed  Stars;  the  Planets;  the 
Sun.  Of  necessity  this  implies  partial  duplication.  Can 
we  doubt  that  each  of  the  above  four  series  (Old  Testa- 
ment, Creation,  Popular  Science,  and  the  Astronomical) 
would  have  attained  heightened  significance  and  use  when 
produced  according  to  a  prearranged,  co-ordinated  plan, 
so  that  one  would  supplement  the  other? 

According   to  Flammarion,   whose    books    popularizing 

astronomy  are  famous,  the  astronomical  film  composed  by 

Louis  Forest  is  a  "grand  film  d'education  a  la  francaise."* 

In  one  reel  the  earth  appears  as  a  lighted  spot  which  grows 

(Continued  on  page  12) 


*  Le  Fascinaleui 


"  Korre»pondenz  fiir  Weisensckaft  und  Teehnik  im  Film 


PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 


IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


Edited  by  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Ph.  D. 

Educational    Director    of    the    National    Association    for    the    Study    and 
Education  of  Exceptional  Children 

RESEARCH  COMMITTEE  BEGINS  ITS  WORK 

Dr.  Kempf,  Prof.  Lough,  and  other  Members  Offer  Sugges- 
tions— Tentative  Questionnaires  for  Parents  and 
Teachers — Dr.  Claxton  Cooperating 


Preliminary   List   of   Members 
of  the 

COMMITTEE   ON  PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 

IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 

Working  under  the  auspices  of 

Educational  Film  Magazine 

Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Pd.  D.,  Chairman,  107 
West  87th  Street,  New  York 

Lawrence  Augustus  Averill,  Ph.  D.,  Prof.  Mass.  State 
Normal   School,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  G.  Balcom,  Assistant  Supt.  of  Schools,  Newark, 
N.J. 

Dr.  A.  A.  Brill,  1  West  70th  Street,  New  York 

Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  Comm.  Com- 
munity Service  on  Motion  Pictures,  Gen'l  Federa- 
tion of  Women's  Clubs,  220  West  42nd  Street, 
New  York 

Ernest  L.  Crandall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Visual 
Instruction,  Board  of  Education,  157  East  67th 
Street,  New  York 

Dr.  T.  W.  Galloway,  Associate  Director,  Dept.  of 
Educational  Activities,  The  Am.  Social  Hygiene 
Ass'n,  105  West  40th  Street,  New  York 

Charles  F.  Herm,  Harrison,  N.  Y. 

Dr.  Edward  J.  Kempf,  100  West  59th  Street,  New  York 

Prof.  James  E.  Lough,  Extramural  Division,  New 
York  University,  Washington  Square,  New  York 

Everett  Dean  Martin,  Director,  Cooper  Union  Forum 
of  the  People's  Institute;  Chairman,  The  National 
Bd.  of  Review,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York 

Prof.  J.  L.  Meriam,  University  of  Missouri,  Co- 
lumbia, Mo. 

Geo.  E.  O'Dell,  Ethical  Society,  All  Souls  Church, 
Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Dr.  A.  M.  Rabiner,  354  So.  Third  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Rowland  Rogers,  Vice-Pres.  Picture  Service,  Inc., 
Chairman  Curriculum  Committee,  N.  Y.  Visual 
Instruction  Ass'n,  51  East  42nd  Street,  New  York 

Dr.  Alfred  H.  Saunders,  The  Educator's  Cinematograph 
Co.,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York 

David  R.  Sumstine,  Ph.  D.,  Principal  Peabody  High 
School,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

J.  W.  Shepherd,  Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  Univer- 
sity of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Okla. 

Joseph  J.  Weber,  195  Claremont  Avenue,  New  York. 


IN  order  to  place  the  work  represented  by  this  depart- 
ment on  a  firm  scientific  basis,  a  Research  Committee 
is   being   organized   which    is  to   suggest   and   conduct 
definite  lines  of  investigation.    The  first  meeting  of  this 
committee  took  place  on  Thursday,  February  10.     Its  pre- 
liminary organization   is  as  given  above. 

The  discussion  led  to  several  important  suggestions,  and 
the  work  of  inaugurating  active  research  was  at  once 
started. 


Training  of  the  Emotions 

The  fundamental  emotions,  like  love,  fear,  anger,  jealousy, 
are  as  much  in  need  of  training  as  are  the  so-called  mental 
faculties,  as  reasoning,  memory,  abstraction,  etc.  In  fact, 
they  are  the  mainsprings  of  conduct  and  character.  From 
them  also  spring  those  psychoses  which  lead  to  the  in- 
sane asylum.  This  was  pointed  out  very  strongly  by  Dr. 
Kempf  at  the  meeting  of  our  Research  Committee,  and  he 
is  preparing  definite  suggestions  how  the  motion  picture 
may  be  used  in  this  field.  He  showed  how  some  of  the 
pictures  now  presented  are  apt  to  pervert  these  emotions, 
and  how  we  can  use  material  from  the  world's  best  litera- 
ture in  the  training  of  children  in  this  respect. 

Historical  and  Literature  Films 

Much  of  what  is  presented  now  is  neither  history  nor 
literature.  Scenario  writers  take  great  liberties  with  the 
historical  and  literary  material  they  use.  Prof.  Lough 
reported  how  confused  the  pupils  of  a  certain  high  school 
in  New  York  City  were  when  they  saw,  on  suggestion  of 
their  literature  teacher,  a  film  production  of  Scott's  "Ivan- 
hoe"  and  contrasted  it  with  the  poet's  masterpiece  which 
they  were  then  studying  in  class.  Similar  discrepancies 
can  be  discovered  in  historical  presentations.  We  may  have 
to  allow  the  scenario  writer  the  same  leeway  which  we 
allow  the  author  of  an  historical  novel  or  the  dramatist, 
in  arranging  the  facts  so  that  they  express  the  spirit  of 
the  period  even  if  they  are  not  altogether  chronologically 
exact.  Neither  Shakespeare,  nor  Scott,  nor  Goelhe,  nor 
Schiller,  nor  Ebers,  nor  Wells,  is  a  historian;  they  have 
used  the  "licentia  poetica"  to  the  limit.  But  they  have 
given  us  historical  inspiration  without  falsifying  the  spirit 
of  the  period.  The  scenario  writer  must  follow  their  ex- 
ample, and  not  that  of  the  journalist  who  writes  for  ef- 
fect and  places  the  spectacular  above  the  artistic  and  the 
true.  The  committee  is  prepared  to  investigate  along  this 
line  of  presentation.  Prof.  Lough  plans  to  make  arrange- 
ments to  have  pictures  shown  at  New  York  University  in 
a  regular  students'  course,  for  study  and  comment. 

Didactic  Films 

Another  line  of  study  will  be  directed  towards  solving 
the  problem  of  how  a  subject  must  be  presented  to  meet 
the  needs  of  different  grades  in  school.  Just  as  the  pre- 
vailing sets  of  textbooks,  said  Dr.  Galloway,  are  unpsycho- 
logical,  so  are  the  films  which  are  supposed  to  illustrate 
didactic  elements.  The  field  of  investigation  along  this 
line  alone  is  very  wide.  We  must  learn  to  understand  the 
workings  of  the  child  mind  at  each  developmental  period, 
and  must  adjust  our  methods  of  presenting  material   for 


10 


assimilation   to   the   child's   own   method   of   thinking   and 
feeling. 

Fairy  Tales  and  Stories 

Strong  criticism  was  expressed  in  regard  to  the  man- 
ner in  which  some  producers  have  handled  the  children's 
favorite  tales.  They  have  taken  with  them  even  more 
liberties  than  the  historical  scenario  writers  have  done  with 
the  facts  of  history.  And  yet  it  is  well  to  remember  thai 
a  child  is  very  impatient  with  arbitrary  variations  of  the 
stories  he  loves  best;  he  wants  to  have  them  told,  or  read 
to  him,  in  the  same  form  over  and  over  again. 

Some  stories,  those  with  a  symbolic  and  mythological 
background,  are  difficult  to  illustrate;  many  a  break  may 
be  made  in  presenting  Beauty  and  the  Beast,  or  Red  Riding 
Hood.  A  very  elaborate  film,  sensationally  elaborated, 
was  the  production  of  Jack,  the  Giant  Killer.  It  had  to 
be  rejected  because  it  violated  the  integrity  of  the  story 
by  combining  several  independent  tales  in  one,  m  order 
to  give  opportunity  for  more  than  one  reel  and  for  sen- 
sational pictures;  and  also  because  it  portrayed  violent 
scenes  so  gruesomely  that  not  only  children  but  even 
grown-up  women  were  made  hysterical.  The  recent  film- 
ing of  "Black  Beauty"  was  likewise  criticized  for  the  intro- 
duction of  matter  which  was  foreign  to  the  simple  story, 
and  which  was  objectionable  further  for  the  reason  that 
it  pictured  a  nauseating  crime. 

Illustrative  Films 

If  illustrations,  by  motion  pictures,  of  laboratory  experi- 
ments, of  the  work  done  in  factories  and  plants,  and  similar 
constructive  elements  in  the  teaching  process,  are  to  be 
really  fruitful,  they  must  be  organically  connected  with 
first  hand  experience.     Three  stages  may  be  distinguished: 

(1)  Preparation:  the  film  is  used  to  give  the  student 
the  right  idea  of  what  he  must  look  for  in  his  experiment, 
or  visit,  etc. 

(2)  The  experiment,   or  visit,  itself. 

(3)  Development  and  expansion  of  the  experience  through 
the  film,  after  the  experiment,  or  visit,  which  latter  could 
cover  only  a  small  field  of  actual  observation  or  try-out. 

The  Film  in  the  Education  of  Exceptional  Children 

It  is  evident  that  a  systematic  development  of  the  use 
of  film  pictures  will  have  its  special  significance  in  the 
teaching  of  deaf  and  of  hard-of-hearing  children,  of  those 
who  learn  slowly  and  painfully,  of  backward  children,  and 
naturally  of  those  who,  like  cripples  and  invalids,  have 
difficulties  in  gathering  first-hand  experience.  Further- 
more, the  motion  picture  will  be  a  valuable  adjunct  in  the 
teaching  of  chronically  incapacitated  children,  in  hospitals 
and  sanitoriums. 

Retention  of  Facts  Learned 

Principal  Dr.  Sumstine,  of  the  Peabody  High  School, 
Pittsburgh,  suggests  the  following  experiment  which  we 
herewith  submit  to  our  readers,  to  be  tried  by  all  who  have 
the  opportunity,  results  to  be  reported  to  this  department: 

A  film  and  a  printed  story  of  the  film.  Present  the  fihn  to 
one  group  of  children,  and  let  another  group  read  the  storv. 
Test   both    groups    with   the   same   questions    at    intervals   of   24 


hours,  10  days,  and  3  months.  Compare  the  two  groups  at  the 
different  periods  in  respect  to  facts  learned  and  retained.  Care 
to  be  taken  that  the  two  groups  do  not  exchange  memories.  See 
Dr.  Sumstine's  article  in  Educational  Film  Magazine  of  Feb- 
ruary 1919. 

The  following  tentative  questionnaires  are  submitted  for 

use  by  parents  and  teachers: 

Tentative  Questionnaiee  for  the  Use  op  Parents 

(1)  Of  what  age  are  the  children  you  have  taken  to  the  movies? 

(2)  Have  you  accompanied  them,  or  did  they  go  alone,  or  in  what 
company? 

(3)  How  often  Iiave  your  children  attended  the  movies?  Are  they 
attending  regularly,  or  at  what  intervals? 

(4)  Have  you  made  a  selection  of  pictures  for  them?  If  so,  what 
principles  have  guided  you  in  making  a  selection? 

(5)  Have  you  aided  your  children  in  the  understanding  of  the 
pictures  seen  by  them?     In  what  manner? 

(6)  Have  your  children  seen  crime  pictures,  sex  or  triangle  pic- 
tures, high  life  pictures,  and  other  pictures  produced  mainly 
for  adults?     State  details  as  far  as  you  can. 

(7)  What  have  been  the  actual  effects  of  the  pictures  seen  upon 
the  children? 

(A)  Distinguish  between  the  effect  of: 

(a)  Blood-and-thunder  stories  and  adventures; 

(b)  Criminal  acts  and  their  punishments; 

(c)  Comic  pictures;  illustrated  puns  and  jokes; 

(d)  Sex  information   pictures; 

(e)  Fairy  tales,  and   reproduction  of  stories   and  classic 

literature. 

(f)  Travel  and  geographical  pictures; 

(g)  Industrial  pictures; 

(h)   Historical  dramatizations; 
(i)  Scientific  demonstrations: 

(including  movies  used  in  school  and  Sunday  school) 

(B)  Consider: 

(a)  Do  the  cliildren  talk  much  to  you  or  among  themselves 

about  the  scenes  portrayed? 

(b)  Do  they  reproduce  scenes  in  their  play  and  games? 
(c  )   How  far  do  they  seem  to  understand  what  they  have 

seen  ? 

(d)  What    seems   to   be   their   favorite   type   of   scene  or 

theme  to  talk  about,  or  to  reproduce  in  some  form? 

(e)  What  seems  to  be  repulsive  to  them? 

(f)  Do  they  remember  their  film   experience   for   a  long 

time,  or  do  they  readily  forget?  Or  do  the  memories 
re-appear  in  their  consciousness,  or  in  their  conduct, 
after  a  lapse  of  time? 

(g)  How   are   their   states   of  mind,   of   temperament,  of 

fatigue  or  restlessness,  their  sleep,  their  dreams  af- 
fected ? 

(h)  Does  their  conduct  seem  to  be  affected  by  the  scenes 
they  have  witnessed?  In  what  manner?  Temporarily 
or  with  any  degree  of  permanence? 

(i)  .\re  thev  stimulated  in  their  studies  and  general  at- 
titude? 

(j)  Are  they  satisfied  with  the  opportunities  you  and  the 
school  give  them  to  see  pictures  or  are  they  craving 
to  see  more,  and  tempted  to  satisfy  this  craving  by 
illegitimate  methods? 

(k)  Does  tlie  impression  produced  by  the  moving  picture 
seem   clearer   and   more  lasting  than   that   made   by 
books,  textbooks,  illustrations,  etc.? 
Suggestions  to  Parents 

NOTE:  Do  not  allow  your  adult  conception  of  the  value  of  a 
picture  to  interfere  with  an  unbiased  statement  of  actual  obser- 
vation. Your  own  idea  of  the  effect  of  a  picture  may  be  quite 
wrong.  Do  not  rely  merely  on  answers  your  children"  may  give 
you  to  direct  questions  by  which  you  intend  to  elicit  informllion 
from  them;  the  children  may  give  the  answers  which  they  think 
you  want,  and  not  tell  what  they  actually  feel  or  think.  Observe 
them  and  record  their  seemingly  unobserved,  unguarded,  spon- 
taneous, unsolicited  reactions.  Put  aside  all  your  own  prejudices 
and  preconceived  ideas.  What  we  must  learn  to  know  is  the  fact 
of  the  case,  and  the  truth  behind  the  fact.  We  must  approach  the 
child  as  .scientific  observers,  not  as  professional  moralists,  if  we 
desire  to  ol)tain  these  facts  and  the  truths  they  imply,  or  hide. 
What  may  shock  our  adult  conscience  and  con.s"ciousness  may  be 
entirely  harndess,  or  entirely  overlooked,  or  even  distinctly  neces- 
sary in  the  development  of  the  child  mind. 

Record  in  every  case  the  age  of  the  child,  its  mental  maturity, 
its  mental  type,  its  previous  experience,  its  sex,  its  environmental 
conditions.  All  these  factors  affect  the  reaction  of  a  child  to  a 
certain  stimulus.  A  child  from  the  tenement  districts  will  see 
things  quite  differently  from  one  who  has  been  brought  up  shel- 
tered from  contact  with  environmental  problems.  A  child  that 
has  come  from  Italy  will  be  differently  impressed  from  a  child 


11 


bom   and   raised   in   Uie   Balkans   and   then   transplanted   to   the 
United  States. 

Send  answers  to  Marimilian  P.  E.  Oroszmann,  Pd.D.,  Chairman 
Committee  on  Pedagogical  Research  in  Viiual  Education,  107 
Wett  87th  St.,  New' York  City. 

Tentative  Qoestionnaire  for  the  Use  op  Teachers 

(1)  To  what  extent  are  you  using  pictures  (moving  or  still)  in 
connection  with  your  "instructional  work?  What  subjects  do 
you  illustrate  thus? 

(2)  If  you  had  both  still  and  moving  pictures  at  your  disposal, 
what  principles  and  experiences  would  determine  your  course 
in  clioosing  one  or  the  other  form  of  presentation? 

(3)  Along  what  lines  would  you  wish  to  be  able  to  use  the  mo- 
tion picture  altho  circumstances  so  far  prevented  this  course? 

(4)  Do  you  encourage  pupils  to  \  isit  regular  movies  for  the  pur- 
pose' of  supplementing  your  work  by  their  seeing  certain 
pictures  which  you  think  would  be  helpful?  What  pictures 
do  you  select? 

(5)  What  have  you  found  to  be  the  effect  of  the  moving  picture 
illustrations  of  your  subjects  upon  the  child? 

(a)  As  to  impressions  made  in  comparison  with  those  produced 
by  books,  oral  instruction,  printed  and  other  illustrations, 
other  visual  didactic  material,  direct  observation,  labora- 
tory work,  visits  to  museums,  factories,  workshops,  zoolog- 
ical gardens,  the  country,  etc.? 

(b)  As  to  educational  influences  in  regard  to  constructive 
imagination,  moral  standards,  scholarship,  retention  of  in- 
formation, interest  in  study,  aspirations,  general  conduct, 
specific  conduct  reactions,  etc.? 

(Pictures  including  science — biology,  sex  instruction, 
botany,  zoology,  physics,  chemistry,  geography,  etc. — 
history,  literature,  stories  incl.  fairy  tales,  mythology, 
etc.) 

(6)  What  limitations  would  you  wish  to  set  to  the  use  of  the  mov- 
ing pictures  on  the  basis  of  your  observations  as  to  their  ef- 
fect upon  the  pupil's  constructive  imagination,  their  following 
the  lines  of  least  resistance,  self-active  interest  in  research, 
general  activity,  etc.? 

(7)  What  percentage  of  your  pupils  attend  commercialized  movies 
regularly  or  occassionally?  What  effect  do  you  notice  their 
attendance  has  upon  their  standing  in  school,  their  general 
mentality,  their  activities  and  conduct,  in  school  and  out  of 
school? 

(8)  Have  you  observed  differences  in  the  impressions  made  by 
the  movies  upon  the  different  ages  and  graties  of  maturity 
among  your  pupils,  the  different  types  of  mind  and  experience 
(mental  and  environmental  types),  the  two  sexes,  etc.? 

SuOOESTIONg   TO   TeACHEHS 

NOTE:  Answers  to  questions  should  not  be  in  the  form  of  gen- 
eral opinions,  but  must  be  based  upon  actual  observation  and 
record,  through  overhearing  children's  conversations,  watching 
their  plays  and  conduct,  reports  from  home,  compositions  unsus- 
pected by  the  pupils  to  be  records  of  their  thoughts),  etc. 

Send  answers  to  Dept.  of  Pedagogical  Research  in  Visual  Ed- 
ucation, Maximilian  P.  E.  Oroszmann,  Ph.D.,  Chairman  of  Com- 
mittee, 107  West  87th  St.,  New  York. 


DR.  CLAXTON  COOPERATING  WITH  COMMITTEE 

A  MONG  the  helpful  letters  received  by  the  editor  of 
•'*■  this  department  was  this  from  Dr.  Philander  P.  Clax- 
ton.  United  States  Commissioner  of  Education,  Washington, 
D.  C: 

"I  am  delighted  to  know  that  you  are  undertaking  this 
new  research  as  to  the  value  of  the  motion  pictures  in  the 
education  and  instruction  of  the  child.  So  far  as  I  can 
find  none  of  us  knows  much  about  it.  I  would  hesitate 
to  venture  any  definite  assertion.  I  believe  that  the  mo- 
tion picture  can  be  very  valuable  as  a  means  of  instruction 
if  proper  kinds  of  film  are  used  in  the  right  way.  I  believe 
it  can  also  l>e  valuable  in  forujing  character,  but  this  will 
lie  more  difficult  still.  As  the  motion  pictures  are  now 
used,  no  <loubt  they  accomplish  some  g<«>d,  but  there  is 
danger  that  this  g<KKl  may  lie  more  than  balanced  by  evil 
effects.  I  wish  you  would  write  me  from  time  to  time  just 
what  you  are  doing  in  this  work." 


CALIFORNIA  PUPILS  SEE  SAFETY  FILMS 

/^VEU  ♦WW  children  of  I/OS  Angeles  schools  have  been  reached 
'-'  so  far  by  the  safety  campaign  of  the  Ix>g  Angeles  railway 
and  the  Pacific  Electric,  in  which  safety  films  are  being  shown 
before  schools  under  the  supervision  of  Suj)er)ntendent  Dorsey. 
More  than  1200  Ixtng  Beech  high  school  students  have  also 
viewed  the  film  and  heard  the  accompanying  lecture  by  H.  H. 
Matthleson,  a  member  of  the  national  safety  council. 


MAINE  HEALTH  DEPT.  USING  FILMS 
ACCORDING  to  a  letter  received  by  Dr.  Leverett  D. 
■^^  Bristol,  Slate  commissioner  of  health,  from  Prof.  C. 
E.  Turner  of  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology, 
motion  picture  films  on  subjects  pertaining  to  health  and 
sanitation  are  now  available  to  health  officers  and  health 
workers  in  Maine,  to  be  used  as  a  part  of  the  State's  edu- 
cational program  in  such  matters. 

Through  the  Society  for  Visual  Education  of  Chicago, 
the  films  are  offered  for  use  in  this  field.  Prof.  Turner 
is  secretary  of  the  committee  on  health  and  sanitation  of 
this  organization  and  states  that  under  the  direction  of 
Dr.  Victor  C.  Vaughan,  dean  of  the  Medical  College  of 
the  University  of  Michigan,  the  health  films  are  rapidly 
being  prepared.  Three  one-reel  subjects  are  available: 
"Getting  Acquainted  with  Bacteria,"  "Conquering  the  Diph- 
theria Germ,"  and  "Waste  Disposal  in  Cities." 

Transportation  charges  to  and  from  Chicago  are  to  be 
borne  by  the  exhibitor.  For  one  day  a  reel  can  be  secured 
for  $3.50;  two  days  to  one  week  for  $3.25  per  day  per 
reel;  for  more  than  a  week  $3  per  reel  per  day;  and  for 
a  year  $175  per  reel. 

WORLD-WIDE  COOPERATION  FOR  BETTER  FILMS 

(Continued  from  page  9) 

larger  and  larger  as  if  nearing  the  onlooker  until  the  con- 
tinents and  oceans  can  be  seen;  the  revolution  of  the  globe 
and  the  sequence  of  day  and  night  are  discerned.  Like- 
wise the  other  reels  show  the  application  of  trick  methods, 
some  of  which  are  apparently  complicated  and  necessitated 
the  invention  of  special  devices. 

Cooperation  is  needed  to  achieve  the  best  results:  a  com- 
bination of  educational  and  religious  features  with  the 
dramatic  will  be  the  ideal  film.  Parts  of  the  above  astron- 
omical film  would  surely  fit  in  wonderfully  into  "A  Trip 
to  Mars,"  making  it  more  realistic  and  thrilling;  at  the 
same  time  hundreds  would  thus  learn  of  astronomy  who 
would  never  go  to  see  an  educational   film. 

A  Poser  for  the  Sunday  School  Teacher 
What  will  the  Sunday  school  teacher,  who  has  shown 
the  first  episodes  of  the  Italian  Bible  film  to  the  class, 
answer  when  a  pupil  says:  "At  school  we  saw  the  popular 
science  films  and  the  world  was  explained  quite  different- 
ly"? The  textbook  and  Bible  reading  may  leave  a  hazy 
impression;  but  the  film  is  too  realistic  to  allow  vagueness 
or  insincerity. 

We  cannot  yet  grasp  the  future  significance  of  the  film 
for  mankind's  progress.  It  presents  the  biggest  task  ever 
yet  presented  but  it  must  be  tackled,  and  America  will 
lead.  For  this  purpose  the  Committee  of  the  Film  Light 
Crusade  is  being  organized.  It  aims  not  at  promoting 
better  films  in  the  theaters  (like  the  National  Committee 
for  Better  Films),  nor  to  introduce  films  in  school  (like  the 
Society  for  Visual  Education),  nor  to  produce  Bible  films 
(like  the  International  Church  Film  Corporation).  It 
will  use  the  film  as  a  means  of  spreading  the  Light  of 
Love  and  Tolerance  and  Knowledge  to  fight  famine  of  body 
and  soul,  racial  and  class  hatred,  in  theaters,  schools, 
churches,  parks — everywhere  this  light  shedding  machine 
will  shine  forth  the  message  of  the  New  Age.* 

*  Readem  who  wisli   to  help  thia  work   are  requested   to  write   tu   the 
Editor. 


12 


AiMEKICAN  LEGION  HAS  53  WAR  FILMS 

TT'IFTY-THREE  war  films  have  been  released  to  the  Ameri- 
can  Legion  of  Arkansas,  according  to  announcement 
made  in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  yesterday,  and  are  avail- 
able for  distribution  to  churches,  schools,  legion  posts  and 
other  organizations  throughout  the  state.  Requests  should 
be  made  to  the  executive  secretary,  American  Legion,  state 
Capitol,  Little  Rock.  The  titles  of  the  pictures,  most  of 
which  are  one-reel  films,  are  as  follows: 

"Iron  Duke  Flafrship,"  "Frencli  Aviation,"  "Italian  Roin- 
forcement,"  "General  Petain  Decorating  a  Regiment  in  Bleran- 
court,"  "Repair  of  Asphalt  Roads,"  "Arrivil  ar  Bordeaux  of 
Motor  Guns,"  "Battle  of  Neuve  Chappelle,"  "Fighting  at  Home," 
"Battle  of  Baupaume,"  "War  in  Flanders  (Belgium),"  "The  Big 
Show,"  "Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sidney  Drew  in  'The  Patriot,'  "  "H.  R.  H. 
the  Duke  of  Connaught  Visits  the  Western  Front,"  "French 
Army,"  "Belgian  ;Participation  in  Effort  With  the  Allies," 
"Fighting  America  Awakens  to  the  Realization  of  Her  Automo- 
bile Resources,"  "His  Best  Gift,"  "l''-ycs  of  the  Army,"  "Good- 
bye, Old  New  York,"  "Russian  Campaign  in  the  Caucasus,"  "Rally 
•Round  the  Flag,  Boys,"  "On  Belgium  Front,"  "British  and 
Canadian  Soldiers  at  the  Front,"  "European  Armies  in  Action," 
"Kitchener  Visits  the  French  Armies,"  "French  Activities," 
"French  Envoys  Greeted  by  MUlions  on  Reaching  New  York," 
"Electric  Models,"  "War  Map,"  "Bringing  Up  the  Equipment," 
"President  Wilson  Asks  Silence  as  the  Highest  Form  of  Patriot- 
ism," "Official  Review  of  Belgium  Armored  Cars,"  "The  Belgian 
King  at  the  Front,"  "Underground  Life  With  French  Troops," 
"Eiglit  Shells,"  "French  Big  Guns,"  "Canadian  Army,"  "Bataille 
de  Cambrai  (Battle  of  Camlirai),"  "King  Visits  Great  Advance," 
"King  and  Queen  of  Belgium  Visit  the  Fighting  Fliers,"  "Food 
Control  Pictures,"  "Britain  Prepared,"  "Canadian  Victory  at 
Courcelette,"  "Allied  Armies  of  the  Orient,"  "Big  Guns  of  the 
French  Front,"  "Belgian  Army,"  "British  Army  in  France," 
"Daughter  of  Liberty,"  "Turning  the  Wheel  of  Industry,"  "King 
Confers  Medals,"  "Army  Women  in  Camp,"  "General  Foch  Deco- 
rates the  Belgium  Heroes." 

MOVIES  AND  BOY  BANDITS 

THERE  seems,  from  all  accounts,  to  be  a  connection  between 
the  deed  of  those  three  boy  bandits  who  killed  a  Minneapolis 
storekeeper  and  ideas  the  lads  got  out  of  gunplay  and  swift 
action  in  certain  motion  pictures,  declares  an  editorial  in  the 
Duluth  Herald. 

That's  why  municipal  authorities  are  up  in  arms  against  that 
type  of  movie,  and  the  fact  that  a  number  of  movie  proprietors 
have  agreed  to  eliminate  the  type  shows  that  they  must  have 
some  consciousness  of  the  likelihood  that  in  the  past  they  have 
been  purveying  the  wrong  kind  of  nourishment. 

Of  course  if  there  is  a  kind  of  motion  picture  that  makes  boys 
go  out  and  commit  hold-ups  with  incidental  murder,  then  that 
kind  of  motion  picture  must  go.  And  if  the  motion  picture  in- 
dustry is  wise,  it  will  extinguish  them  itself,  and  not  make  it 
necessary  to  expand  the  censorship  idea.  Censorships  are  usually 
stupid.  It  seems  almost  impossible  to  get  censors  who  will  use 
good  sense  always,  and  it  is  virtually  impossible  in  a  law  or 
ordinance  to  work  out  a  general  rule  that  will  cover  what  is 
needed  without  covering  too  much.  If  the  law  says  that  movies 
shall  not  teach  crime,  that  entails  having  somebody  to  decide 
whether  a  given  movie  does  teach  crime,  and  that  means  censorship. 

Movies  that  surround  crime  and  gunplay  with  a  halo  of  inter- 
est and  romance,  that  turn  the  boy's  natural  spirit  of  adventure 
and  enterprise  into  depravity — these  seem  to  be  the  kind  that  do 
the  mischief.  If  the  motion  picture  industry  will  of  its  own  ac- 
cord do  away  with  movies  like  that,  it  will  be  doing  good  and 
saving  itself,  perhaps,  a  good  deal  of  annoyance. 

The  old  "dime  novel" — whicli  usually  sold  for  a  nickel — in  its 
day  was  blamed  for  crime,  too.  Probably  it  caused  some,  but 
probably  not  so  much  as  it  was  blamed  for.  It  seldom  gave  crime 
an  attractive  glamor,  and  usually  the  good  triumphed  and  the 
bad  fell  victim  to  their  own  snares  in  a  way  that  ought  to  have 
had  a  great  moral  effect.  The  cheap  movie  seems  to  be  the  suc- 
cessor of  the  dime  novel,  and  perhaps  those  who  make  the  screen 
thrillers  are  not  so  observant  of  the  moralities  as  the  writers 
of  dime  novels  used  to  be. 

If  there  are  movies,  "serials"  or  not,  that  teach  boys  to  go 
out  with  ambitions  to  be  burglars  and  hold-up  men,  they  are 
certainly  bad  business  and  will  have  to  be  stopped.  If  the  movie 
people  won't  stop  them,  the  law  will  have  to  even  if  it  involves 
risking  the  stupidities  of  more  censorships. 


Seattle  ■• 

VIRGINIA'S  "BETTER  ROADS"  PROPAGANDA 

TlyTUD  roads  that  block  traffic  and  retard  progress  were 
shown  in  the  role  of  villains  in  good  roads  films 
exhibited  in  Tidewater  and  Piedmont,  Virginia,  by  the 
Virginia  Good  Roads  Association,  to  arouse  all  to  the 
need  of  improved  highways.  Good  roads  movies  will  be 
carried  into  every  part  of  the  Old  Dominion.  Motor  trucks 
will  be  equipped  with  projectors,  electric  power  generators 
and  portable  screens.  Pictures  on  highway  construction 
and  maintenance  as  well  as  entertainment  films  will  be 
shown. 

Field  secretaries  of  the  Virginia  Good  Roads  Associa- 
tion will  be  in  charge  of  the  trucks.  They  will  come  into 
a  community,  secure  the  use  of  a  building,  back  up  the 
truck,  set  up  the  projector,  make  electrical  connections,  and 
presto! — a  real  movie  show.  In  fair  weather,  outdoor 
showings  will  be  made. 

Addition  of  75,000  members  is  necessary,  however,  be. 
fore  the  association  can  carry  out  the  educational  road 
program  in  which  the  exhibition  of  movies  from  trucks 
is  one  of  the  features.  The  money  from  the  memberships 
will  make  the  purchase  of  the  trucks  possible  and  open 
the  way  to  the  spreading  of  the  gospel  of  good  roads  by 
motion  pictures. 

CHILEAN  GOVERNMENT  FILM  IN  'FRISCO 

'X'HROUGH  arrangements  made  by  Superintendent  of 
Schools  Alfred  Roncovieri,  and  by  courtesy  of  the 
Chilean  government,  the  pupils  and  teachers  of  the  San 
Francisco  high  schools  had  an  opportunity  during  January 
to  witness  representations  of  striking  features  of  life  and 
economic  progress  in  different  sections  of  South  America. 

The  presentation  included  the  exhibition  of  more  than 
5000  feet  of  film  secured  by  the  Chilean  government,  which 
is  to  be  shown  throughout  the  important  cities  of  the  United 
States  under  direction  of  Richard  Barrows,  commercial  com- 
missioner for  Chile. 

"A  Trip  Across  the  Andes  and  Through  Chile,"  is  the 
title  of  the  film,  which  shows  the  nitrate  mining  industry 
of  Chile,  its  schools  and  universities,  and  the  personnel  of 
its  government.  The  picture  was  shown,  with  accompany- 
ing addresses,  at  the  following  schools: 

Mission  High  School,  January  10,  9  a.  m.;  Girls'  High 
School,  January  10,  1  p.  m.;  Lowell  High  School,  January 
11,  9  a.  m.;  High  School  of  Commerce,  at  Mission  High 
School,  January  11,  1  p.  m.;  Polytechnic  High  School, 
January  12,  9  a.  m. 

URBAN  BUYS  DITMARS'  ANIMAL  NEGATIVE 

pHARLES  URBAN,  president  of  the  Kineto  Company  of 
^  America,  Inc.,  has  purchased  consideral)le  motion  picture 
negative  from  Raymom:!  L.  Ditmars,  curator  of  New  York's 
Zoological  Park.  Mr.  Ditmars  has  long  been  a  notable  figure 
in  the  film  world  because  of  his  fascinating  animal  studies  in 
motion  pictures. 

One  series  purchased  is  entitled  "Modern  Truth  from  Old 
Fables,"  illustrating  fables  which  children  have  been  reading 
for  generations.  The  action  is  all  with  animals  that  Mr.  Ditmars 
understands  so  well.  These  fables  will  be  incorporated  into 
Urban's  "Movie  Chats." 

Another  noteworthy  series  is  the  "Four  Seasons."  Each  sea- 
son is  depicted  in  plant  and  animal  life  in  one  reel.  This  series 
will  be  made  part  of  the  Kineto  Reviews,  "The  Living  Book  of 
Knowledge." 

An  arrangement  has  been  entered  into  whereby  the  Kioeto 
Company  has  first  choice  on  all  new  Ditmars  subjects. 


13 


WILL  THE  CINEMA  KEEP  US  OUT  OF  WAR? 

EDGUARD  BELIN'S  device  for  sending  photographs 
by  wire  is  merely  one  more  of  the  inevitable  steps 
toward  the  consolidation  of  the  peoples  of  the 
earth  into  one  great  international  fraternity.  Not  a  frater- 
nity, so  far,  with  common  customs  and  beliefs — in  these 
respects  we  continue  hopelessly  dissimilar — but  one  of  com- 
mon knowledge  concerning  contemporary  events.  When 
the  moving  picture  follows  the  single  photograph  over  the 
cables,  as  M.  Belin  assures  us  it  will,  and  the  moving  pic- 
ture theater  takes  the  place  of  o'.her  amusements  in  every 
land,  as  it  appears  to  be  bent  on  doing,  we  shall  all  find 
out  the  superficial  aspects  of  our  neighbors  and  understand 
them  the  better  for  having  seen  them.  Culturally  it  is  prob- 
ably an  evil  thing  to  spread  a  sort  of  universal  canned 
knowledge  which  is  so  much  cheaper  than  the  home-made 
product  that  nobody  can  afford  to  be  without  it.  It  is  sad 
to  envision  the  cinema  supplanting  bull  fighting  in  Spain, 
native  drama  in  China,  the  art  theater  in  Russia,  the  opera 
in  Germany,  the  fakir  in  India.  It  is  hard  to  look  on 
calmly  while  it  swallows  the  thing  we  used  to  call  drama 
in  New  York.  But  we  may  as  well  concede  its  destiny. 
It  will  cut  into  all  indigenous  activities  and  give  all  na- 
tions, in  place  of  them,  a  glimpse  of  what  is  going  on 
half  the  world  away. 

In  the  day,  and  it  seems  all  too  imminent,  when  scenes 
of  a  flood  in  China  will  be  flashed -before  us  on  Broadway 
within  twenty-four  hours  of  its  happening,  and  a  revolu- 
tion in  Mexico  will  be  witnessed  in  detail  by  the  citizens 
of  Hong  Kong,  Chicago,  and  South  Africa  before  it  has 
got  fairly  started,  it  will  be  difficult  to  amuse  even  the  Pata- 
gonians  with  purely  local  affairs.  At  first  the  startled  deni- 
zens of  the  provinces  and  the  backwoods  (and  they  are 
neither  negligible  nor  few  in  number)  will  be  appalled  and 
bewildered  by  the  strangeness  of  the  earth  and  its  extraor- 
dinary inhabitants.  But  they  will  be  interested  and  will 
learn  slowly,  though  more  rapidly  than  would  be  possible 
by  any  other  method,  the  large  facts  of  ethnology  and 
geography,  of  comparative  religion  and  related  humanity. 
We  are  free  to  blame  the  moving  picture  all  we  like  for 
its  degradation  of  the  arts,  for  the  part  it  has  taken  there 
is  unmistakable,  but  what  it  may  do  to  introduce  alien 
races  that  have  never  met  and  never  wanted  to  meet  except 
in  battle,  and  what  it  may  do  to  abolish  the  childish  mis- 
conceptions that  lie  at  the  roots  of  wars,  we  are  in  no  posi- 
tion to  judge. 

There  would  be  poetic  irony  in  it  with  a  vengeance  if 
the  moving  picture,  reviled  and  despised  of  men,  should 
turn  the  tables  by  quietly  making  further  wars  inconceiv- 
able and  thus  preventing  them. — New  York  Globe. 


SCHOOL  PROGRAMS  IN  STUTTGART,  ARK. 

'pHE  Stuttgart,  Arkansas,  I'ublic  Schools  operating  under  a 
-•■  niodifleil  Work-vStiuly-l'lay  scliool  program,  have  during  the 
past  two  ypars  l)een  providing  rcgidnr  film  programs  for  one 
day  each  week  in  connection  with  tlicir  auditorium  work.  A  varied 
program  is  presented  with  a  llinlon  Holmes  Travelog,  a  Hray 
I'ietograph  and  a  Ford  Weeklj-  one  week,  and  Patlic  News,  I'ath'e 
Review  an<l  a   I<oliertsiin-C^>le  .Scenic  tlie  next  week. 

S|)e<'ial  feature  programs  are  introduced  frotii  time  to  time 
exhihifing  such  pr(Mluctions  as  "ltcl>ecca  of  Sunny  Brook  Karm," 
'The  Copperhead,"  "Huckleherrv  Finn,"  'The  Miracle  Man,"  "Dr. 
Jckyl  an<l  .Mr.  Hyde,"  'Treasure  Island,"  "At  the  Bottom  of  the 
World."  These  feature  programs  are  presented  to  the  children 
free  of  charge  during  the  regular  day  school,  hut  the  programs 
are  shown  at  night  when  admissions  are  charged  to  the  patrons. 


MORE  MOVIES  FOR  NEW  YORK  SCHOOLS 

THE  New  York  Visual  Instruction  Association  is  en- 
larging its  field  of  usefulness.  Plans  for  using  ad- 
ditional motion  picture  films  to  supplement  the 
teacher's  work  in  the  classroom  have  been  completed. 
Already  the  films  now  in  use  in  history  and  geography  are 
proving  their  value.  In  order  to  determine  which  addi- 
tional subjects  are  directly  available  in  the  classroom, 
sub-committees  have  been  appointed  to  investigate  and  re- 
port on  various  courses.  The  sub-committees  include  Eng- 
lish, history,  civics,  domestic  science,  physical  education 
and  science.  The  duties  of  the  Curriculum  Committee  are 
to  classify  the  existing  films  on  the  various  topics,  deter- 
mine by  actual  inspection  which  are  suitable  and  which 
must  be  re-edited  for  classroom  instruction,  and  recom- 
mend the  production  of  new  films  wherever  needed  to  make 
the  course  complete. 

Dr.  Rowland  Rogers,  chairman  of  the  committee,  speak- 
ing of  its  work  said: 

"Motion  pictures  used  in  the  classroom  are  genuine  instruction 
pictures  and  not  mere  entertainment  fdins.  They  are  proving 
a  great  aid  by  taking  some  of  the  drudgery  out  of  teaching. 
They  enable  the  teacher  to  get  across  his  good  ideas  effectively. 
As  the  most  efficient  visual  aid  they  supplement  the  teacher's  work. 
The  teacher  enjoys  using  this  new  tool  because  pictures  gain  and 
liold  the  attention  and  interest  of  the  pupil,  arouse  his  desire  for 
more  knowledge,  and  make  an  impression  wliich  is  vivid,  uniform, 
and  lasting.  Members  of  tlie  committee  believe  that  because  of 
the  appeal  through  tlic  eye,  the  motion  picture  is  the  most  power- 
ful approach  to  the  mind.  The  'seeing  eye*  looking  at  the  picture 
receives  a  clear  and  standardized  impression,  while  the  'reading 
eye'  reports  to  a  mind  which  must  create  or  visualize  its  own 
pictures. 

"Tests  on  pupils,  nuule  to  learn  the  value  of  motion  pictures 
compared  witli  oral  or  printed  methods,  conclusively  prove  that 
the  film  as  an  aid  to  tlie  teacher  ranks  very  high. 


THE  MOVIE  AS  A  RECORD  OF  HISTORY 

TJECENTLY  a  film  company,  specializing  in  pictures 
of  events,  observed  its  tenth  anniversary  with  a  re- 
vival of  old  pictures.  Though  only  a  few  years  have 
passed  since  the  events  thus  illustrated  occurred,  the  pic- 
tures already  had  the  flavor  of  history  and  the  pathos  of 
glorious  memories. 

But  this  .movie  did  more  than  merely  record  history.  It 
made  history  live.  Before  the  rapt  gaze  of  the  spectators 
there  appeared  on  the  screen  the  living  image  of  the  dead 
Roosevelt.  Projectd  on  a  beam  of  light,  he  lived  again, 
gesturing  with  shoulder  blows;  hurtling  sharp  words  from 
snapping  jaws;  smiling  the  toothful  smile. 

There  appeared,  also,  the  unbroken  Wilson  of  two  years 
ago;  the  strong,  youthful  Wilson  landing  at  Brest,  France, 
to  fight  for  the  peace  that  is  not  yet  won. 

Thus  does  the  movie,  still  in  its  youth,  already  demon- 
strate its  inspiring  function  as  a  teacher  of  history.  Its 
value  as  such  increases  with  the  years.  It  is  handing  down  . 
to  posterity  an  accurate,  living  presentment  of  our  cus-  1 
toms  and  manners,  as  well  as  of  the  big  and  little  figures 
of  our  time,  of  whom  the  movie  is  giving  a  new  sort  of 
immortality. 

A  realistic  George  Washington,  preserved  in  movies, 
would  mean  more  to  us  than  a  marble  statue;  and  a  Lin- 
coln filmized,  walking,  smiling,  sitting  and  otherwise  be- 
having like  folks,  would  have  been  saved  for  posterity  as 
the  very  human  being  he  was  and  liked  to  be,  instead  of 
the  sculptured  demigod  into  which  time  is  transforming 
him.  Lawrence,  Mass.,  Tribune. 


14 


T:*. 


COMMUNITY 


TI^OTION  picture  matinees  for  children  on  Saturday  af- 
ternoons at  the  St.  Paul  Institute,  St.  Paul,  Minn., 
have  proved  so  popular  that  it  has  been  necessary  to  have 
admission  by  ticket  only.  The  first  Saturday,  January  15, 
more  than  2,000  children  were  present.  A  system  has 
been  provided  whereby  the  principals  of  the  various  schools 
may  obtain  tickets  without  charge  for  their  pupils.  Each 
Saturday  children  from  different  schools  are  admitted  to 
the  movie  matinees.  D.  A.  Leonard,  manager  of  the  Com- 
munity Picture  Service  of  the  institute,  says: 

"Our  pictures  are  mostly  of  an  educational  nature  and  are  de- 
sif^ned  to  tie  up  with  the  museum  and  our  other  activities  t)f 
the  institute.  For  instance,  last  Saturday,  our  films  were  on 
corals  and  fish,  and  after  viewing  the  pictures  the  different 
groups  of  children  are  taken  throujch  the  museum  and  shown  the 
specimens  of  these  various  types.  Next  Saturday  we  shall  have 
a  program  on  our  native  birds.  AVe  shall  use  a  series  of  lantern 
slides  showing  birds  in  colors,  together  with  ^'ictrola  records 
giving  tlie  various  bird  calls  and  a  lecture  or  talk  on  birds  svip- 
plemented  by  films  such  as  the  following:  Bird  Life  Studies, 
Tom-tit  and  Robin  Red  Breast,  Study  in  Pelicans. 

"After  this  exhibition  the  classes  will  be  taken  through  the 
museum  and  shown  our  exhibits  in  taxidermy,  etc.  This  I  think 
will  give  you  a  very  good  idea  of  our  method  of  procedure. 

"Our  present  course  for  the  next  few  weeks  is  devoted  es- 
pecially to  Natural  History.  Following  that  we  are  planning  to 
give  a  series  of  films  designed  to  be  of  service  in  vocational 
guidance." 

The  program  for  the  month  of  February  was  as  follows: 


February   5- —  February  19 — 

"Birth,    Life    and    Death  of          "The  House  Fly." 

Flowers."  "The   Mosquito." 

"Insect  Eating   Plants."  "Insect  Mimicry." 

"A  Plant  with  Nerves."  "Washington    the    Father    of 

"In  the  Garden."  His  Country." 

February  12 —  February  26 — • 

"A  Dog  Show."  "Carrot  Caterpillar." 

"The  Otter."  "Silk  Industry." 

"Monkey  Hunt."  "Ants." 
"New       England       Historic          "How    Did    You    Get    That 

Scenes."  Hat?" 

"Across    the   Great   Lakes."  "Niagara  Falls." 

80  COMMUNITIES  SERVED  BY  KANSAS  SCHOOL 
'I ■'HE  department  of  visual  education  in  the  Kansas  State 

Normal  School  was  organized  in  1918  by  Prof.  M.  L. 
Smith,  who  was  the  first  to  use  films  in  the  Kansas  schools. 
The  department  of  visual  education  is  the  distributing 
point  for  twenty-two  industrial  centers  and  the  Bureau  of 
Commercial  Economics,  a  private  distributing  concern  at 
Washington,  D.  C.  The  department  has  a  film  library  of 
250,000  feet,  covering  every  part  of  the  United  States,  its 
insular  possessions,  Canada,  Cuba,  South  America,  and 
a  part  of  Europe  and  the  South  Sea  Islands.  At  present 
the  department  serves  80  Kansas  communities.  This  ser- 
vice goes  to  schools,  churches,  county  fairs,  and  clubs. 
The  department  has  a  collection  of  5,000  slides,  stereo- 
graphs and  charts. 


PROGRAMS 


RECREATION 

PATHE  REVIEW— Pa/Ae  1  reel 

A   screen   magazine,  full  of  facts  both  instructive  and 
entertaining. 
HONEST  HUTCH— Go Wic.y»  5  reels 

Will  Rogers  in  a  new  version  of  the  old  tale  of  the  man 
who  found  his  wealth  bv  tilling  the  soil. 
EDGAR  THE  EXPLORER— CoWzoym  2  reels 

Booth  Tarkington's  "Edgar"  dreams  of  life  in  Africa, 
enacts  it  in  the  back  yard,  and  ends  in  disgrace. 
RECREATION 
INDIAN  SUMMER— SeiznicA;   (^Prizma)  1  reel 

A  color  film  which  shows  Indian  life  in  the  wilds. 
THE  CHARM  SCHOOI^-Famo««  Players  5  reels 

Wallace  Reid  in  the  story  of  a  young  man  who  inherits 
and  reorganizes  a  girls'  school. 
MUTT  AND  JEFF:  HYPNOTIST— Fo«  %reel 

RECREATION 
NEWS  WEEKLY  1  reel 

ANCESTORS  OF  THE  HORSE— £d«co.  Film  Corp.        y^  reel 
A  scientific  study  of  rare  types  which  illustrate  the  or- 
igin and  ancestry  of  the  domestic  horse. 
BLACK   BEAVTY—Vitagraph  7  reels 

With   the   story  .of   Black   Beauty   are   interwoven    in- 
cidents in  the  lives  of  his  friends. 
AFTER  THE  CIRCUS— FamOM*  Players  1  reel 

A  Brigg's  Comedy  of  child-life. 

RECREATION 
THE  CLOUD— FamOM*  Players  1  reel 

A  screen  poem. 
BOBBY  BUMPS  CARTOON— Famotw  Players  1  reel 

HELIOTROPE— Fomo«j(  Players  6  reels 

The  story  of  a  father's  love  for  his  young  daughter. 
RECREATION 
NEWS  WEEKLY  1  reel 

SAND— FamOK*  Players  6  reels 

William  Hart  in  a  strong  man's  story. 
PAPA  BY  PROXY— Fi>*(  National  1  reel 

Two  borrowed  children  and  five  dogs  furnish  fun. 
RELIGIOUS 
THE   VICAR   OF   WAKEFIELD— 7n«ema<»on<iZ   Church  FUm 
Corp.  6  reels 

Goldsmith's  story  of  family  life  beautifully  filmed. 


JUVENILE 

URBAN  MOVIE  CHAT  No.  27~Kineto  1  reel 

Swiss  Boy  Scouts  doing  rescue  work;  the  capture  of  an 

albatross;  and  a  study  of  the  Praying  Mantis  are  the 

subjects  of  this  interesting  reel. 
THE  COURTSHIP  OF  MILES  STANDISH— ^ryonaut    5  reels 

Longfellow's  poem  on  the  screen  is  particularly  suited 

for  voung  people. 
BAREFOOT  BOY— Famous  Players  1  reel 

The  wise  dog  who  greets  you  cordially  from  the  screen 

is  worth   following  through  his  adventures  with   a  boy 

companion. 

SCHOOL  PROGRAM 
THE  STEAMBOAT  IK  U.  S.  HISTORY  1  reel 

This  film  emphasizes  the  importance  of  transportation  in 

the  development  of  our  country. 
MISSISSIPPI  TRAILS— Society  for  Visval  Education         1  reel 
RAILROADS  IN  U.  S.  HISTORY  1  reel 

DR.   MERIAM    WOULD   FILM    ONLY    LIFE   ACTIVITIES 

University  of  Mis.souri — School  of  Education 
Columbia,  Mo. 
Editor  Educational  Filji  Magazine,  New  York 

Sir: —  Let  me  express  my  appreciation  of  your  article  on 
"School  Laggards  and  Motion  Pictures",  appearing  in  the  Decem- 
ber number  of  your  magazine.  You  have  given  a  very  excellent 
review  of  my  book.  I  might  have  said  much  more  than  I  did 
relative  to  motion  pictures,  had  I  taken  the  time  to  discuss  modern 
methods  of  school  work.  I  devoted  only  one  short  chapter  to 
methods  and  intended  to  minimize  that  topic,  so  far  as  that 
particular  book  is  concerned.  My  reference  to  motion  pictures 
was  entirely  as  an  illustration  of  the  tendency  to  objectify  in- 
struction and  choose  subject  matter  of  more  practical  importance. 
This  you  have  noted  in  your  article. 

I  am  exceedingly  glail  the  motion  picture  has  found  a  place 
in  our  public  schools  and,  since  writing  the  paragraph  to  which 
you  refer,  we  have  installed  in  our  own  school  a  motion  picture 
machine.  In  discussing  this  matter  with  some  advocate  of  visual 
instruction  at  the  University  of  Wisconsin  last  summer,  I  ex- 
pressed the  only  fear  I  have  for  this  innovation  in  school  work. 
I  am  afraid  that  ere  long  the  motion  picture  will  be  used  as  a 
device  for  teaching  the  formal  3  Rs.  As  soon  as  this  takes 
place,  we  shall  have  the  uninteresting  made  interesting,  but  I 
sincerely  hope  the  film  will  confine  itself  to  presenting  to  our 
young  people  the  life  activities  that  mean  so  much  to  their  de- 
velopment. J.   L.   MERIAM 

15 


NEW  BIBLICAL  FIL^IS  RELEASED 

International    Church    Film    Corporation    Rapidly    Producing 

One  Reel  Subjects  for  Sermon  and  Sunday  School  Use 

By  Hilda  D.  Jackson 

TT'IGHT  new  Biblical  pictures  have  been  completed  by 
The  International  Church  Film  Corporation,  920 
Broadway,  New  York,  and  soon  will  be  shown  in  local 
churches  using  this  service.  The  new  films  are  "The  Temple 
Builders,"  "The  Beam  in  Thine  Eye,"  "The  Struggle," 
"The  Price,"  "Who  Loseth  His  Life,"  "The  Widow's  Mite," 
"His  Birthright,"  "Pharisee  and  Publican."  Each  tells 
a  dramatic  modern  story  to  which  color  and  force  is  given 
by  cutbacks  of  the  original  Bible  story  providing  the  theme. 
"The  Temple  Builders"  is  typical.  It  is  the  story  of  an 
educator  whose  life  dream  has  been  to  found  a  college. 
The  opportunity  apparently  comes,  but  with  it  there  is  a 
restriction  which  would  mean  the  sacrifice  of  certain  ideals. 
Rather  than  violate  his  cherished  principles,  the  educator 
relinquishes  his  hope.  His  son,  however,  like  Solomon, 
the  son  of  David,  is  chosen  to  materialize  the  long-planned 
dream.  The  cut-back  in  this  picture  shows  Nathan,  the 
prophet,  telling  David  the  vision  of  the  Lord  who  said, 
"I  will  raise  up  thy  seed  after  thee.  .  .  He  will  build 
me  an  house,  and  I  will  establish  his  throne  forever." 

"The  Beam  in  Thine  Eye,"  a  touching  little  picture  of 
small  town  life,  comes  from  Luke,  6:41 — "And  why  be- 
holdest  thou  the  mote  that  is  in  thy  brother's  eye,  but  per- 
ceivest  not  the  beam  that  is  in  thine  own  eye?" 

"The  Struggle"  is  from  the  32nd  Chapter  of  Genesis, 
"And  Jacob  was  left  alone  and  there  wrestled  a  man  with 
him  until  the  breaking  of  the  day.  .  .  .  And  he  said, 
I  will  not  let  thee  go  except  thou  bless  me." 

"The  Price"  is  based  upon  the  fifth  chapter  of  the  Acts, 
the  story  of  Ananias  and  Sapphira. 

"Who  Loseth  His  Life"  is  a  modem  story  drawn  from 
Matthew,  10:39 — "He  that  findeth  his  life  shall  lose  it, 
and  he  that  loseth  his  life  for  my  sake  shall  find  it. 

The  incident  of  "The  Widow's  Mite"  is  one  of  the  most 
widely  quoted — the  poor  woman  who  of  her  penury  "hath 
cast  in  all  the  living  that  she  hath,"  and  the  picture  based 
on  it  is  convincing. 

"Pharisee  and  Publican"  is  a  modern  parallel  to  the 
story  of  the  man  who  exalted  himself  before  the  Lord  and 
the  one,  who  with  downcast  eyes  cried,  "God  be  merciful 
to  me,  a  sinner."  The  picture  shows  two  young  men,  one 
boastful  and  overconfident,  the  other  quiet  and  unassum- 
ing, both  suitors  for  the  hand  of  the  same  girl. 

"His  Birthright"  is  the  old  story  of  Esau  and  Jacob 
who  sold  his  birthright  for  a  mess  of  pottage.  In  modern 
settings,  it  discloses  two  brothers,  one  of  whom  gives  up 
his  big  opportunity  in  his  father's  business  to  his  younger 
brother  for  a  few  pieces  of  gold. 

In  all  the  Biblical  cut-backs  great  care  has  been  taken 
in  the  costuming  of  the  old  historical  characters.  The  robes 
and  settings  are  the  result  of  much  research  and  studv. 


SUNDAY  MOVIES 
By  Rev.  James  Adderley 

London.    England 

"DELICIOUS  people  should  aim  at  being  able  to  co- 
operate  with  the  cinema.  A  great  deal  of  our  ordin- 
ary church  work  would  be  much  better  done  by  cinema. 
Far  better  sermons  than  are  preached  from  our  pulpits 
could  be  preached  from  a  screen.  In  my  own  parish  it 
would  be  quite  easy  to  observe  all  the  rules  of  the  church 
as  to  worship  on  Sunday,  and  yet  to  end  the  day  with  a 
visit  to  Covent  Garden  Theater  to  see  that  excellent  moral 
film  "Earthbound."  I  should  like  to  see  the  old  miracle 
plays  well  acted  by  a  first-rate  company,  and  then  put  on 
the  screens  and  sent  round  all  villages  and  towns  of  Eng- 
land for  Sunday  performances. 

I  think  that  a  strong  representation  should  be  made  to 
the  Pope  to  allow  the  Oberanmiergau  play  to  be  filmed 
so  that  it  could  be  performed  all  over  the  world  every  Sun- 
day. What  possible  objection  could  even  a  Middlesex 
County  councillor  have  to  the  reproduction  of  that  per- 
formance on  a  Sundy  in  Twickenham  or  Harrow?  Really  it 
is  about  time  we  showed  a  little  common  sense  in  these 
matters  and  reflected  on  the  extraordinary  failure  we  have 
made  of  our  old-fashioned  Sunday. 

9  9 
MOVIES  WIN  CONVERTS  AT  REVIVALS 
%V7"HEN  it  comes  to  conducting  revival  meetings  that  are 
out  of  the  ordinary,  Rev.  F.  L.  Artley,  pastor  of  the 
Methodist  Church  at  Millville,  near  Bloomsburg,  Pa.,  be- 
lieves in  up-to-date  methods.  He  uses  motion  pictures  as  a 
part  of  the  service,  and  is  getting  unusual  crowds. 
"Othello,"  a  five-reel  Shakespearean  drama,  was  shown,  one 
reel  a  night  on  the  nights  when  penitents  were  called.  The 
pastor's  sermon  on  those  nights  was  on  "The  Fruit  of 
Jealousy,"  the  theme  of  the  drama. 

The  preacher  is  enthusiastic  over  the  use  of  movies  in  the 
church,  and  uses  his  machine  in  the  country  churches  as 
well,  hooking  his  car  to  the  projection  machine  to  furnish 
the  power  in  the  country  districts  where  no  electricity  is 
available. 

"Here  in  Millville,"  he  said,  "we  had  fifty  accessions  to 
the  church,  and  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  most  of  them 
occurred  on  nights  when  the  movies  were  shown."  Every 
revival  service  he  conducts  in  the  future  will  be  featured 
with  movies,  he  declares. 

QTfti  Wjkt 

SCREEN  SERMONETTES 

"C'OUR  film  sermoncttcs  written  by  Rev.  Bertram  Willoughby, 
-*-  former  pastor  of  the  First  Congregational  Church,  of  Osage, 
Iowa,  and  produced  l)y  the  Monarch  Film  Company,  are  now 
exclusively  distributed "  liy  New  Era  Films,  21  East  Seventh 
Street,  Chicago,  111.  Mr.  Willoughby  is  now  religious  director 
of  this  concern  after  a  successful  experience  in  the  Iowa  town 
using  motion  pictures  on  Sunday  nights  in  connection  with  the 
church  service.  Me  built  up  a  congregation  from  less  than  100 
to  1,200,  largely  throiigh  carefully  selected  film  programs. 

The  titles  of  the  screen  sermonettes  are:  The  Lost  Chritt,  Tht 
Ootpel  of  Another  Chance,  The  Light  of  the  World,  and  The  Book 
in  Which  All  Write.  Tliese  pictures  are  said  to  have  been  shown 
in  churches  of  six  denominations  in  all  parts  of  the  United  States. 

The  service  department  of  New  Era  Fihns  states  that  it  Is 
prepared  to  answer  all  questions  and  to  render  a  complete  mo- 
tion picture  service  in  the  non-theatrical  field. 


16 


SUNDAY  MOVIE  SERVICES  IN  CHURCH 

REV.  J.  C.  Justice,  pastor  of  Union  Congregational 
Church  of  East  Braintree,  Mass.,  is  holding  special 
services  Sunday  evening  which  are  of  an  original 
character  and  new  to  New  England  churches.  They  are 
called  "motion  picture  services."  In  many  churches  films 
have  been  introduced  and  are  exhibited  Sunday  evenings. 
Instead  of  a  sermon  the  pictures  have  been  shown  on  the 
screen,  and  their  meaning  and  character  explained  by  the 
pastor. 

Mr.  Justice's  method  of  conducting  "motion  picture  ser- 
vices" is  different  from  others.  He  always  delivers  a  ser- 
mon, after  which  pictures  illustrative  of  the  points  pre- 
sented in  his  sermon  are  shown  on  the  screen  and  explained 
by  him.  These  services  have  aroused  much  interest  among 
the  residents  of  East  Braintree  and  Weymouth  Landing, 
crowding  the  church  to  the  doors.  The  attendance  at  the 
morning  service  has  also  been  largely  increased. 

Jn  an  interview  the  minister  mentioned  that  in  some 
instances  motion  pictures  have  been  introduced  into  the 
church  in  order  to  entertain  the  congregation.  "I  have  no 
desire,"  he  said,  "to  entertain  people  at  a  religious  ser- 
vice; in  fact,  I  have  no  sympathy  with  any  such  method 
in  conducting  a  religious  service.  My  aim  is  to  preach 
the  Gospel  as  I  understand  it.  The  Christian  church  is 
now  undergoing  a  process  of  reconstruction.  In  fact,  the 
whole  world  is  going  through  such  a  process.  The  work 
of  the  church  especially  has  got  to  be  conducted  on  dif- 
ferent lines  than  heretofore;  ihe  day  of  controversial  the- 
ology is  a  thing  of  the  past.  The  mission  of  the  church 
is  to  bring  people  into  it." 

SUNDAY  MOVIES  IN  THEATER 
North  Carolina  Episcopalian  Rector  Says  They  "Soothe  the 

Yearnings  of  the  Human  Heart" 
'T'HE  church  of  God  must,  of  necessity,  do  something  to 
soothe  the  yearnings  of  the  human  heart  for  clean, 
wholesome  amusement,  as  well  as  minister  to  their  souls' 
spiritual  needs,"  declared  Rev.  Bertram  Brown,  rector  of 
Calvary  Episcopal  church  of  Tarboro,  North  Carolina. 
Mr.  Brown  has  a  story  which  relates  to  a  precedent  in  re- 
ligious circles  in  North  Carolina.    He  said: 

"One  Svinday  night  out  of  every  month  is  devoted  by  our 
congregation  to  an  amusement  feature.  Coupled  with  it,  how- 
ever, is  a  religious  service. 

"We  go,  on  the  Sunday  night  designated  in  each  month,  to 
the  local  motion  picture  house  in  Tarboro.  It  seats  about  600 
people.  I  conduct  evening  prayer,  illustrated  with  lantern  slides, 
after  which  we  put  on  a  five  or  six  reel  picture,  which  is  often 
preceded  by  an  explanatory  talk.. 

"We  endeavor  to  get  a  film  in  each  instance  that  is  wholly 
or  partly  religious.  We  have  two  sources  of  supply.  In  January 
we  put  on  a  reel  dealing  with  the  life  of  St.  Patrick.  Although 
it  is  gotten  out  by  a  Roman  Catholic  concern,  it  is  liberally  inter- 
preted and  adapted  to  use  by  Protestants. 

"A  purely  commercial  film  has  never  been  used  by  ns.  As  a 
matter  of  fact  many  of  the  commercial  films  of  this  day  are  not 
fit  to  be  seen  in  the  week,  much  less  on  Sunday  evenings  by  a 
religious  congregation.  I  do  not  mean  all  commercial  films,  of 
course. 

"I  have  found  that  the  people  have  gotten  both  pleasure  and 
profit  by  the  method  we  use.  Although  the  picture  house  seats 
only  600  persons,  there  are  often  100  present  in  addition  to  this 
number.  That  is  all  the  law  will  allow  and  on  many  Sunday 
nights  several  hundred  persons  have  been  turned  away. 

"While  the  service  and  pictures  are  free,  only  a  free  will  offer- 
ing being  taken  to  defray  actual  expenses,  we  invite  only  those 
who  otherwise  would  not  attend  religious  worship.  We  do 
not  wish  to  draw  on  other  congregations." 


THREE  PICTirRES  FOR  CHURCHES 

MY  Shepherd  is  a  pictorial  interpretation  of  the  twenly- 
ihird  psalm.  The  shepherd  leads  the  sheep  through 
pastures,  by  the  streams  and  into  the  fold,  binds  up  their 
wounds  and  cares  for  them  lenderly.  The  titles  foilow 
the  words  of  the  psalm,  and  the  picture  would  afford  variety 
to  a  religious  progrem. 

ill/  Shepherd.     ProdiKid  by  Clii'rch  and   School  Film  Co.     Distriliiiti'il 
t)y   International   Ihurtii   Kilm    Corporation.      1    reel. 

TT E  that  Loseth  His  Life.  This  story  is  of  a  young 
J.  J.  doctor  who  gives  up  a  chance  to  exhibit  his  serum 
for  sleeping  sickness  in  order  to  save  the  life  of  a  child. 
He  leaves  the  field  clear  to  his  professional  rival  by  so 
doing.  However,  he  has  won  something  more  precious, 
than  fame — the  appreciation  of  those  whom  he  has  helped. 
He  feels  that  he  chose  the  right  course  and  is  satisfied. 
Then  he  discovers  that  the  o'.her  serum  has  failed  and  that 
he  still  has  an  opportunity  to  receive  the  credit  for  his 
discovery. 

The  reviewer  does  not  know  whether  the  professional 
jealousy  exhibited  Jiere  would  make  this  unacceptable  to 
members  of  the  medical  profession  or  not,  but  as  a  man's 
problem  this  situation  is  undoubtedly  true,  and  the  lesson 
will  appeal  to  a  church  optience. 

He  that  Loseih  His  Life.  Pro<luced  by  riiurch  and  School  Film  Co. 
Distributed  by  International  Church  Film  Corporation,     i  reel. 

THE  Widow's  Mite.  The  poor  scrubwoman  whose  last 
dollar  is  needed  to  save  her  sewing  machine  from 
going  the  way  of  all  poor  persons'  possessions  gives,  and, 
by  her  giving,  shames  the  society  leader  into  giving.  .The 
familiar  picture  of  the  widow  dropping  her  mite  into  the 
box  while  Christ  points  out  her  gift  to  the  rich  men  who 
stand  by,  is  used  as  a  background  for  one  of  the  impor- 
tant moments  in  the  action.  This  pic-ure  revivifies  the 
statement  that  the  gift  without  the  giver  is  bare,  and  shows 
the  loyalty  that  comes  from  sympathetic  giving.  It  is  a 
good  illustration,  although  not  a  novel  one,  of  the  truth. 

The  Widov^'s  Mite.  Produced  by  Church  and  School  Film  Co.  l^is- 
tributed  by  International  Church  Film   Corporation,     i   reel. 

9     W 
"THE  GOOD  SAMARITAN"  IN  JAPAN 

"DIBLICAL  and  ethical  motion  pictures  will  find  an  ex- 
■^  cellent  field  in  Japan.  The  Japanese  are  great  lovers 
of  the  movies  but  the  majority  of  films  shown  in  the  land 
of  the  cherry  blossoms  are  the  blood  and  thunder  type, 
reeking  with  red-hot  excitement,"  said  Dr.  Samuel  D. 
Price,  who  has  returned  from  Japan  where  he  represented 
the  World's  Sunday  School  Association  at  its  convention 
last  October.  During  the  convention  "The  Good  Samari- 
tan," was  shown  before  a  huge  optience,  including  thousands 
of  Japnese.  Dr.  Price  declared  that  the  natives  watched  the 
picture  in  tense  silence.  The  deep  impression  made  could 
easily  be  read  in  their  reverent  expressions.  The  picture 
was  shown  at  extension  meetings  before  33,000  people 
where  the  same  effect  was  evident. 

"The  negative  of  the  'Good  Samaritan'  is  the  property 
of  Bishop  Herbert  Welch  of  Seoul,  Korea,"  said  Dr.  Price. 
"He  is  using  it  in  his  work  with  telling  results.  More  pic- 
tures of  this  type  are  needed  in  our  work  of  spreading 
the  light  of  Christianity.  I  am  quite  sure  it  will  not  be 
long  before  every  missionary  will  be  equipped  with  a 
motion  picture  outfit  and  films  of  this  sort. 


17 


By  GLADYS  BOLLMAN 


"THE  INSIDE  OF  THE  CUP" 

rHE  Inside  of  the  Cup  is  a  refutation  of  some  of  the 
slurring  remarks  often  cast  by  reformers  at  the 
"commercial"  producers.  It  is  worthy  of  the  best 
appreciation. 
The  story,  as  probably  many  church  people  well  know, 
tells  of  John  Rodder  who  after  a  while  opens  his  eyes  to 
the  fact  that  he  is  the  blind  tool  of  a  group  of  men  who  be- 
lieve in  never  letting  their  right  hands  know  what  their 
left  hands  do.  Alison  Parr,  the  daughter  of  Eldon  Parr, 
who,  like  the  son,  has  left  the  parental  home  because  of 
Parr's  injustice  to  themselves  and  others,  says  the  word  that 
begins  the  awakening.  Hodder  learns  that  Parr  has  sent 
out  of  town  the  girl  whom  his  son  wished  to  marry;  that 
he  has  driven  his  son  away  from  home  by  his  deception 
of  the  girl ;  that  he  has  evaded  his  responsibility  in  a  stock 
proposition  and  turned  away  a  man  in  his  employ  who 
knows  his  part  in  it;  that  he  is  responsible  for  much  of  the 
misery  in  "Dalton  Street",  the  city  slum.  Hodder  is  forced 
to  a  decision  at  the  time  when  a  crowd  of  men  up  in  arms 
because  of  their  oppression  threaten  him  at  the  very  doors 
of  the  church.  Hodder  decides  to  be  "God's  man"  instead 
of  "Parr's  man",  and  preaches  a 
sermon  on  Matthew  23. 

The  son  returns  and  the  girl  he 
had  hoped  to  marry  is  brought 
back  to  a  normal 
life  of  happiness. 
Parr  is  shot  by 
a  man  he  has 
wronged  and  dies 
forgiven  by  his 
children. 

The  acting  is 
sincere  and  suit- 
able for  this  pur- 
poseful picture. 
The  part  of  the 
clergyman,  John 
Hodder,  is  taken 
by  a  man  who 
neither  lifts  his 
hands  in  prayer 
every  other  mo- 
ment nor  breaks 
bis  neck  trying 
to  show  that  a 
clergyman  can  be 
"red  -  blooded". 
Eldon  Parr,  the 
influential  and 
wealthy  man  who 
controls  the 
church,  is  repre- 
sented by  a  man 


who  portrays  the  force  of  character  and  the  genuine  good 
qualities  of  such  a  man  as  well  as  his  "streak"  of  selfish 
injustice —  that  "streak"  which  is  strangely  enough  a  thing 
apart  from  his  other  qualities. 

The  teaching  of  the  story  is  that  of  the  verse  quoted  for 
everyone,  not  only  for  the  Eldon  Parrs  of  society.  Those 
who  shut  their  eyes  to  the  Eldon  Parrs,  who  look  only  at 
the  exterior  of  the  whited  sepulchers,  who  condemn  the 
younger  generation  for  not  going  to  church,  instead  of 
living  their  religion  seven  days  of  the  week  so  devotedly 
that  young  people  will  feel  that  there  is  more  honesty, 
charity.  Christian  love,  and  zeal  for  the  Kingdom  of  God 
on  earth  among  churchgoers  than  among  themselves,  should 
heed  the  lesson  imparted  by  this  picture. 

The  Inside  of  the  Cup.  Produced  by  Cosmopolitan  Productions.  Dis- 
tributed by  Famous  Players.    8  Reels. 

"OVER  THE  HILL"  AGAIN 

T  AST  month  the  review  of  Over  the  Hill  was  criticized 
"^  as  being  cold  and  unappreciative.  This  was  not  the 
reviewer's  attitude.  Over  the  Hill  on  that  particular  day 
happened  to  look  more  like  a  preachment  against  ungrate- 
ful husbands  and  children  than  like  a  glorification  of 
mothers.     On  another  day,  or  to  another  person,  the  second 

aspect  might  seem  to  pre- 
dominate. Both  aspects 
are  important,  and  it  is  a 
pity  to  omit  either  one. 


^"^lUiam  P  Carleton  and  Marg'uerite  ClaytDn  mthe  Cosmopolitan  Production 
•Qhe  Inside  of  the  Cup:. A  Pira.momit  Picture 


18 


Over  the  Hill  is  most  decidedly  a  tribute  to  mother  as 
well  as  a  sermon  directed  at  all  who  fail  in  their  duty  to 
her.  Unfailing  love,  patience,  and  courage  dominate  every 
act  of  the  mother  in  this  picture,  from  her  first  appearance 
when  she  is  shown  waking  up  the  canary,  happily  coura- 
geous at  the  beginning  of  a  new  day,  to  her  last,  when  her 
forgiving  spirit  dictates  a  reconciliation  between  her  good 
son  and  her  cruel  one.  The  many  times  when  "mother  under- 
stands" are  genuinely  affecting  and  make  one  profoundly 
thankful  for  the  good  mothers  of  the  world,  particularly 
one's  own.  The  difference  between  the  childish  dependence 
upon  a  mother's  love  and  help  and  the  later  years  when  the 
son  or  daughter  can  regulate  his  or  her  own  life  is  very 
poignantly  expressed. 

The  point  which  seemed  especially  emphatic  to  the  re- 
viewer was  that  something  should  be  done  about  mother — 
that  mother  should  not  be  so  deprived  of  her  life  and  health 
and  strength  by  the  demands  of  her  early  years,  as  to  be- 
come the  victim  of  circumstances  in  her  later  years.  The 
reviewer  was  fairly  seething  with  ideas  about  legislation, 
which  should  provide  proper  compensation  and  opportunity 
for  the  homemaker,  after  seeing  Over  the  Hill.  Mother 
should  be  paid  in  love,  but  she  should  also  be  paid  in  the 
material  expression  of  that  love  and  appreciation — she 
should  have  justice,  at  least.  To  be  sure,  the  film  makes 
one  want  to  go  home  with  gifts  and  the  tenderest  thoughts 
for  one's  own  mother — but  that  is  not  enough.  We  must 
think  also  of  our  kinship  with  and  duty  to  all  mothers  and 
do  something  about  it. 


WHEN  WOMEN  WORK 

T  CAN  do  anything  you  can  do,  Smarty,"  says  the  little 
girl  who  has  proved  that  she  can  drive  nails  straigh'er 
than  her  little  brother.  And  so  she  can — even  ten  years 
later,  when  they  are  working  side  by  side  in  the  same  fac- 
tory, drawing  the  same  salary,  and  helping  support  the 
family. 

Rosa,  another  girl,  whose  brother  has  been  injured  in 
a  factory,  is  not  so  fortunate.  While  Molly  and  Jimmy, 
the  brother  and  sister,  work  in  a  modern,  convenient  fac- 
tory, Rosa,  "sixteen  and  frightened,"  has  taken  the  first 
position  offered,  which  is  in  an  unsanitary  and  uncomfor- 
table place,  and  then  another  of  the  same  sort,  only  worse. 
Long  hours,  uncomfortable  chairs  and  lights,  no  dispen- 
sary, and  cold  lunches  brought  from  home  make  work  a 
hardship  of  almost  unendurable  difficulty.  Molly,  on  the 
other  hand,  enjoys  the  privileges  of  a  rest  room,  a  lunch 
room,  a  dispensary,  all  sorts  of  fatigue  eliminating  and 
safety  devices,  and  short  hours. 

When  we  see  Rosa  finally  a  member  of  the  up-to-date 
factory  family,  we  have  become  convinced  of  the  value 
of  fair  play  for  women  in  industry.  Their  wages  should 
be  based  "on  job,  not  sex."  And  since  "America  will 
be  as  strong  as  her  women,"  it  is  the  vital  concern  of 
every  citizen  that  working  conditions  for  women  should 
be  made  right. 

This  is  an  excellent  film,  well  arranged  and  interesting. 
Every  "shot"  goes  to  the  point,  and  the  message  is  clear 
and  definite.  This  may  be  highly  recommended  to  all 
interested  in  welfare  work. 

When  Women  Work.  Produced  and  distributed  by  Carlyle  Elli« 
2  reels.  .  /  -  • 


A  MARK  TWAIN  STORY 

AS  a  picture  in  itself,  this  Fox  production  of  Mark 
Twain's  "Connecticut  Yankee  at  King  Arthur's 
Court"  is  clever  and  amusing.  The  original  story 
of  the  man  who  woke  up  in  the  year  528  and  betook  him- 
self to  many  towered  Camelot  is  furnished  with  a  prolog 
and  epilog.  Marlin  Cavendish,  the  son  of  a  Connecticut 
gentleman  (Mark  Twain  made  him  the  son  of  a  black- 
smith), is  in  love  with  his  mother's  social  secretary,  but 
engaged  to  .marry  Lady  Betty  Gordon.  As  the  day  ap- 
proaches his  interest  in  the  marriage  decreases  alarmingly, 
and  finally  vanishes  altogether.  He  becomes  absorbed  in 
Mark  Twain's  book  and  while  he  is  sitting  up  very  late  to 
finish  it,  he  encounters  a  thief  who  has  come  to  rob  the 
house,  and  is  knocked  out  in  the  combat.  He  wakes  up 
in  Arthur's  England,  and  his  experiences  furnish  the  main 
story.  The  epilog  tells  how  he  decided  to  marry  the  sec- 
retary, who  was  the  lady  of  his  heart  in  the  days  of  Arthur, 
and  shows  their  elopement. 

Martin's  adventures  in  the  sixth  century  are  titled  in 
the  most  up-to-date  slang  of  the  third  decade  of  the  twen- 
tieth.    In  this  version  they  run  something  as  follows: 

Martin  wakes  up  under  a  tree  with  the  knight  Sir  Sag- 
ramor  standing  over  him.  He  is  conduc'.ed  more  or  less 
forcibly  to  the  King's  castle.  He  is  about  to  be  executed 
when  he  recollects  "what  most  of  us  do  not,"  that  there  was 
— is — an  eclipse  of  the  sun  at  noon  of  that  day.  He  claims 
to  be  a  powerful  magician  and  threatens  to  blot  out  the 
sun  if  he  is  put  to  the  stake.  The  eclipse  comes  on  as 
scheduled,  just  in  time  to  save  him,  and  he  is  proclaimed 
"Sir  Boss,"  the  magician  to  the  king  and  second  in  power. 
He  proceeds  to  make  use  of  it  by  establishing  factories 
(with  time  clocks),  a  telephone  system  and  other  improve- 
ments. He  tries  his  "magical"  strength  with  Morgan  Le 
Fay,  and  wins,  by  such  devices  as  gunpowder  and  other 
things  of  which  he  has  never  known.  He  releases  the  dam- 
sel Alisande  from  the  dungeon  of  Morgan  Le  Fay.  (It 
seems  a  pity  to  miss  the  real  Mark  Twain  incident  of  res- 
cuing the  noble  ladies  held  in  duress  vile  who  turned  out 
to  be  swine,  to  the  "clack-clack"  of  Sandy's  tongue.) 

In  the  last  adventure,  he  is  imprisoned  in  the  castle  of 
Morgan  Le  Fay,  and  he  escapes  by  the  arrival  of  his 
knights,  not  on  bicycles,  but  on  motorcycles  with  a  "flivver" 
in  the  lead.     He  blows  up  the  castle  of  Morgan  Le  Fay. 

The  story  has  been  "adapted"  indeed.  Dramatic  unity 
has  undoubtedly  been  given  to  it,  especially  with  the  pro- 
log and  epilog  as  they  are.  It  delighted  a  large  optience 
at  its  first  showing.  It  is  beautifully  staged  and  some  of 
the  parts  are  well  done,  the  best  piece  of  acting  being  that 
of  Morgan  Le  Fay.  It  is  not  to  be  criticized  except  by  a 
question  of  artistic  ethics,  but  it  is  vastly  different  from 
Mark  Twain's  story.  The  depth  of  feeling  which  under- 
lies the  book  is  absent  from  the  film,  as  is  much  of  the 
historic  comparison  of  social  conditions.  It  may  be  termed 
a  comedy;  a  fantasy,  but  it  is  not  the  genuine  reproduc- 
tion of  life  which  Mark  Twain  gave  in  A  Connecticut  Yan- 
kee; yet  it  is  an  enjoyable  comedy  for  all  that. 

A  Connecticut  Yankee  at  King  Arthur's  Court.  Produced  and  dl«- 
tributed  by  Fox  Film  Corp. 

*  * 

How  to  get  a  new  motion  picture  projector  Absolutely 
Free!  Read  page  32 — then  write  our  Subscription  Depart- 
ment for  particulars. 


19 


"IN  THE  DAYS  OF  SAINT  PATRICK" 

A  FILM   suitable  for   Roman   Catholic   optiences   is   In 
the  Days  of  Saint  Patrick,  describing  the  life  and 
works  of  Ireland's  patron  saint. 

The  picture  begins  with  the  baptism  of  the  saint  by  a 
hermit  of  Gaul,  where  he  was  born  in  373.  Patrick  per- 
formed his  first  miracle  at  the  age  of  ten,  by  transforming 
ice  into  firewood  for  the  fos'.er  parents  with  whom  he  was 
placed.  Several  years  la!er  he  was  captured,  with  his 
sister  Lupita,  by  a  pirate,  and  sold  to  the  King  of  North 
Ulster  as  a  slave.  He  worked  as  a  laborer  for  some  years, 
until  the  Angel  Victor  appeared  to  him,  telling  him  that 
the  time  was  now  come  when  he  could  be  free.  He  escaped 
to  the  coast  where  a  ship  was  waiting  on  Killala  strand, 
and  was  taken  aboard,  as  one  of  the  sailors  felt  that  it 
would  be  a  bad  omen  to  refuse  him  passage. 

After  his  arrival  in  Gaul,  he  entered  the  monastery  of 
Marmoutiers,  where  was  his  aged  kinsman,  the  Bishop  of 
Tours.  In  course  of  time,  he  had  a  vision  which  called 
him  to  help  the  people  of  Ireland,  where  he  had  lived 
as  a  slave,  and  he  went  to  Rome  to  be  ordained  as  a  bishop. 
This  ceremony  is  shown  in  detail,  and  is  rather  impres- 
sively worked  out. 

In  the  year  432,  he  went  to  Ireland  with  three  disciples, 
and  immediately  began  to  make  converts  and  work  mir- 
acles. His  first  chapel  is  shown — a  barn  in  Ulster.  The 
saint's  experiences  in  Ireland  are  well  illustrated  in  the 
picture,  and  the  scene  in  which  he  explains  how  the  sham- 
rock typifies  the  Holy  Trinity  is  particularly  impressive. 
Various  miracles  are  shown,  and  the  film  ends  with  the 
saint's  passing  on  at  the  age  of  120. 

The  costumes  are  a  bit  stagy  at  times,  but  this  is  prac- 
tically the  only  criticism  to  be  made.  The  picture  is  made 
from  a  religious  point  of  view,  and  for  such  use  it  is  well 
adapted. 

/>!  the  Dni/s  of  Saint  Patrwk.  Produced  and  distributed  by  Killester 
Film   Corporation,  New  York. 

W    9 
A  LITTLE  NONSENSE  NOW  AND  THEN 

OURELY  the  best  of  men  may  at  times  seek  mere  enter- 
-tainment,  and  for  such  a  quest  Brewster's  Millions, 
played  by  Roscoe  Arbuckle,  is  a  worthy  objective. 

The  story  •  adapted  from  the  book  and  play  is  of  a 
young  man  blessed  with  two  wealthy  grandfathers.  Dis- 
agreeing about  his  upbringing,  they  do  nothing  at  all  for 
him  until  he  has  attained  his  majority,  when  one  gives 
him  two  million  dollars  and  the  other  promises  ten  more 
if  he  spends  the  two  and  complies  with  various  other  con- 
ditions. 

The  various  devices  by  which  Brewster  tries  to  get  rid 
of  his  two  millions  are  of  course  not  needed  by  most  of 
us,  but  they  are  very  amusing  to  contemplate.  The  sub- 
ject matter  is  irresistibly  funny,  and  it  has  been  treated  in 
a  masterly  way;  one  laugh  is  barely  begun,  when  another 
funny  scene  follows,  and  there  is  not  a  dragging  moment 
in  the  picture. 

Technically  speaking,  the  picture  is  unusually  good. 
There  are  several  uses  of  double  exposure  which  will  set 
the  audience  gasping,  and  Arbuckle  affords  much  merri- 
ment by  the  personification  of  Brewster  at  the  tender  age 
of  one  year. 

Bremleri  Uaiion$.  Produced  and  distributed  by  Famoiu  Players. 
5  reel*. 


"THE  MYSTERIES  OF  THE  HEAVENS" 

A  T  the  Cirque  d'Hiver  in  Paris,  France,  a  French  edu- 
"^  cational  film  "The  Mysteries  of  the  Heavens,"  by 
Louis  Forest,  was  recently  given  a  private  showing.  The 
film  has  been  treated  from  a  popular  angle  and  therefore 
is  rather  elemental.  It  shows  the  surface  of  the  moon, 
eclipses  of  various  kinds,  imaginary  views  of  the  planets 
and  comets,  and  the  rudiments  of  astronomy.  A  novel 
feature  of  the  picture  is  the  insertion  of  pictorial  episodes 
of  the  lives  of  famous  men  of  science,  astronomers,  phil- 
osophers, and  others.  While  there  are  crudities  present, 
an  inevitable  accompaniment  of  such  pioneer  work,  the 
film  has  decided  instructional  value. 


"A  CITY  THAT  NEVER  SLEEPS"— PICTOGRAPH  477 

T^HIS  is  a  complete  thousand  foot  travel  study  photographed 
-■-  by  John  L.  Hawkinson  during  the  recent  Powell  Expedition 
to  the  Far  East. 

"A  City  That  Never  Sleeps"  is  Canton,  China,  a  city  of  2,000,- 
000  inhabitants  living  in  an  area  no  larger  than  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Tliese  people  are  crowded  together  in  such  close  quarters  that  the 
roofs  of  the  houses  in  which  they  live  overlap  above  the  narrow 
streets.  The  entire  area  is  encircled  by  a  wall  eight  feet  thick 
and  twenty-five  feet  high. 

The  life,  occupations,  and  social  habits  of  the  peoples  of  this 
strange  community  are  faithfully  depicted,  there  being  no  effort 
to  dramatize  any  detail  of  the  daily  routine,  but  merely  to  show 
the  Cantonese  as  they  really  are  at  home.  The  titles  are  by 
Marguerite  Gove,  whose  life  in  China  gave  her  command  of 
interesting  facts  of  Oriental  life. 

"JUST  PRINCETON"— FIVE  REELS 

'T'HE  picture  gives  a  complete  represenl-ALion  of  Princeton 
■^  University  in  all  its  varied  activities,  ranging  from  the  re- 
searches of  its  professors  in  the  laboratories  and  the  gathering 
of  students  in  classroom  and  in  chapel,  to  the  relaxations  afforded 
by  Lake  Carnegie,  tlie  university  tennis  courts  and  the  athletic 
fields. 

Crammed  into  its  5,000  feet  of  film  are  glimpses  of  the  85 
buildings  on  the  Princeton  campus  (including  an  airplane  view 
of  the  Grover  Cleveland  Memorial  tower  and  the  Graduate  col- 
lege in  which  this  former  president  felt  so  deep  an  interest) ;  a 
historic  record  of  the  awarding  of  honorary  degrees  to  such 
notable  personages  as  Cardinal  Mercier,  Robert  Lansing  and 
Herbert  Hoover;  scenes  from  intercollegiate  contests  in  water- 
polo,  soccer,  rowing,  track,  baseball  and  football — even  a  side- 
line view  of  last  fall's  football  game  with  Yale  in  Palmer  stadium; 


"GOOD  BYE,  BOLL  WEEVIL" 

pOOD  BYE,  BOLL  WEEVIL,"  is  an  entertaining,  instructive 
^-^  two-reel  film  recently  released  by  the  United  States  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture.  Mr.  Boll  Weevil,  destroyer  of  American 
crops  to  the  extent  of  many  million  dollars  a  year,  is  the  "heavy" 
villain.  The  hero  is  Mr.  Calcium  Arsenate.  "Cal"  descends 
upon  Mr.  Weevil  from  a  battery  of  horse-drawn  machines,  of 
which  forty  are  shown  in  one  spectacular  scene.  The  department's 
laboratories  in  Tullulah,  La.,  and  Washington,  D.  C,  are  pictured. 
An  interesting  feature  is  the  laboratory  work  by  which  bogus 
weevil  exterminators  are  detected.  The  second  reel  shows  thou- 
sands of  acres  of  snowy  cotton  fields  and  negro  cotton  pickers 
Contrasts  are  shown  between  fields  where  calcium  arsenate  dust 
has  been  applied  and  adjoining  rows  which  were  neglected. 

"THE  SCREEN,"  NEW  WEEKLY  PUBLICATION 

'T'HIS  office  is  in  receipt  of  the  first  issue  of  The  Screen,  a  new 
■"•  weekly  "journal  of  motion  pictures  for  busines.s,  school,  and 
church."  According  to  the  announcement  of  the  editor  and  pub- 
lisher, George  Blaisdcll,  the  publication  aims  to  supply  the  central 
point  of  contact  for  tlie  non-theatrical  field  of  motion  pictiiret. 
As  there  is  no  editorial  pronouncement  it  is  impossible  to  deter- 
mine what  the  policy  of  the  paper  is  to  be,  but  judpng  solely 
by  the  treatment  of  material  in  this  first  number  it  Is  to  be  a 
sort  of  modified  trade  journal  edited  from  the  viewpoint  of  the 
industry  rather  than  from  that  of  the  educational,  religious  and 
Institutional  world.  The  feature  article  is  a  two-page  question- 
naire interview  with  Tliomas  A.  Edison  in  which  he  largely  re- 
peats what  he  said  in  EdocatioWal  Fum  Maoaziki  in  January, 
1919.  There  is  little  of  a  conitructive  or  original  character  lo  the 
remainder  of  the  pages. 


20 


'NEATH  POLAND'S  HARVEST  SKIES 

pOLAND  in  a  state  of  peace  is  a  condition  hard  to  real- 
ize  since  war  has  been  an  almost  constant  visitor  at 
her  doors  for  several  years  past.  And  yet  in  the  remote 
r^ions  of  the  country,  according  to  a  series  of  film  views 
sent  home  to  America  by  Ernest  B.  Schoedsack,  a  Red  Cross 
cameraman,  Polish  peasants  till  the  soil,  gather  in  the 
harvest,  and  pursue  their  usual  labors  and  pleasures  un- 
perturbed. 

This  series  of  views  is  not  alone  interesting  in  subject 
matter  but  has  been  splendidly  photographed,  beautifully 
tinted,  and  assembled  with  care.  The  subtitles,  too,  are 
helpful  in  emphasizing  the  peaceful  atmosphere  of  the 
picture,  which  is  one  of  many  such  that  are  arriving  at 
intervals  at  the  motion  picture  department  of  the  American 
Red  Cross. 

The  film  presents  harvest  scenes,  showing  masculine  and 
feminine  workers,  a  Polish  wedding  and  dance,  home  scenes 
of  the  Polish  peasants,  and  an  amusing  custom  which  the 
women  follow  of  going  barefoot  to  within  a  stone's  throw 
of  the  town  for  the  purpose  of  saving  their  shoe  leather. 

"REEL  FACTS  NO.  2" 
T  TNDER  the  general  title  of  "Reel  Facts"  the  International 
^^  Church  Film  Corporation  and  its  subsidiary  com- 
panies throughout  the  country  are  putting  out  a  periodical 
release  consisting  of  scenics,  travel  subjects,  industrial 
topics,  welfare,  and  various  magazine  and  current  event 
features.  The  No.  2  shown  recently,  composed  of  "The 
Wonder  Falls  of  Pennsylvania"  and  "Our  Industrial  Blind," 
forms  the  introduction  to  the  second  unit  program  booked 
for  the  churches  during  November. 

The  first  half  of  the  reel  shows  the  Appalachian  Moun- 
tains, the  Glen  above  Bushkill  Falls,  the  Gorge  below  Bush- 
kill  Falls,  Buttermilk  Falls,  Marshall's  Falls,  Winona  Falls, 
Cherry  Valley  and  McMichael's  Falls,  all  beautifully  toned 
and  tinted.  "Our  Industrial  Blind"  covers  the  Weaving 
Room,  Caning  of  Chairs,  Basket  Weaving,  and  Stenography 
and  Typewriting.  It  is  astonishing  to  note  the  dexterity 
and  technical  perfection  which  these  blind  men  and  women 
have  attained  in  the  operations  mentioned.  There  is  an 
interesting  close-up  of  a  blind  girl  stenographer  making 
raised  notes  on  a  roll  of  paper  and  rapidly  transcribing 
these  notes  on  the  typewriter  by  running  her  sensitive  fin- 
gers over  them. 

w   w 

"THE  ISLAND  OF  THE  MIST" 

PICTOGRAPH  7063  shows  the  first  picture  taken  by 
Major  Alexander  Powell,  the  noted  author  and 
traveler,  during  his  recent  trip  to  the  far  corners  of 
the  earth.  The  picture  is  called  "The  Island  of  the  Mist," 
which  means  Hongkong,  China.  The  film  shows  interest- 
ingly the  curious  cosmopolitan  life  of  this  Paris  of  the 
Orient.  The  picture  begins  with  the  approach  of  an  ocean 
liner  through  the  harbor  toward  the  island  and  ends  with 
a  view  of  the  island  and  harbor  together,  from  the  peak. 

Interspersed  between  the  beginning  and  the  end  of  the 
picture  are  scenes  taken  through  the  English  settlements 
and  the  Chinese  quarter,  showing  how  a  dozen  nations  of 
the  earth  live  in  kaleidoscopic  but  harmonious  proximity 
in  a  district  which  is  said  by  experienced  travelers  to  be 
the  most  cosmopolitan  community  in  the  world. 


"A  VISIT  TO  MORGAN  PARK" 

A  VISIT  TO  MORGAN  PARK,"  a  film  of  33-15  feet  made  in 
the  late  summer  months,  depicting  Morftan  Park,  a  suburb 
of  Duhith,  Minn.,  was  shown  for  the  first  time  at 
the  Morgan  Park  Clubhouse  recently. 

The  simple  plot  is  laid  about  the  visit  of  two  or  three  persons, 
who,  presumably  having  to  wait  for  a  train,  decide  to  call  on  a 
friend  in  the  park  in  the  interim.  Only  one  of  the  visitors  has 
been  here  before,  wlien  Morgan  Park  was  five  years  younger  and 
less  populous.  The  first  few  feet  are  devoted  to  the  journey 
from  the  station  to  the  park,  with  views,  as  recalled  by  one,  of 
the  earlier  period.  Arriving  here,  the  visitors  find  their  friend, 
who  takes  them  on  an  automobile  trip  througli  the  village.  On 
this  ride,  the  activities  of  the  community  and  the  natural  surround- 
ings are  shown.  The  garage  on  North  Boulevard  is  therefore  one 
of  the  first  points  of  interest,  which  is  followed  by  a  visit  to  the 
I>ake  View  Store,  where  a  number  of  the  departments  are  shown. 
The  Park  State  Bank  is  examined  by  the  automobilists  and  then, 
the  day  being  pleasant,  they  enjoy  a  ride  in  the  northern  part  of 
the  village,  which  finally  brings  them  to  the  picnic  grounds  on 
East  Boulevard.  Here  there  is  a  picnic  in  progress,  with  its 
usual  accompaniment  of  a  ball  game,  refreshments,  races,  and 
band  concert,  the  visitors  enjoying  the  fun  from  the  automobile. 
Of  .course  the  backyard  gardens  come  in  for  their  share  of  the 
attention,  some  of  the  better  ones  being  displayed  in  the  film. 

Guided  by  the  friend,  the  out-of-town  guests  drive  by  the 
Morgan  Park  Clubhouse — stopping  here  to  make  a  tour  of  the 
interior — and  a  little  later  by  the  Administration  Building  and 
the  Nenovan  Club.  The  gardens  and  lawn  are  so  pretty  that  the 
visitors  desire'  to  ride  about  the  residential  portion  of  the  com- 
munity a  bit  longer,  which  affords  some  excellent  views  of  the 
Park.  The  chauffeur  takes  them  to  the  Universal  Portland 
Cement  Company  plant,  on  the  return  passing  by  the  Morgan 
Park  School,  with  the  plant  of  the  Minnesota  Steel  Company  in 
the  background.  The  construction  work  is  vividly  portrayed  at 
this  juncture,  the  film  showing  the  actual  building  operations 
necessary  in  building  new  houses  and  in  arranging  the  many 
details  necessary  in  so  large  a  construction  program. 

In  the  third  reel  of  the  picture,  the  visitors  spend  a  share  of 
their  time  in  Block  33,  visiting  the  different  departments  of  the' 
Neighborhood  House  and  watching  the  children  at  play.  A  short 
journey  is  taken  to  the  hospital,  wherein  is  shown  some  of  the 
more  interesting  rooms.  From  this  point,  a  large  part  of  the 
film  is  devoted  to  the  children,  the  drive  taking  the  visitors  past 
the  infant  playgrounds  and  out  to  the  Boat  Club,  where  the  boys 
and  girls  of  the  Park  are  having  a  picnic.  The  Boy  Scouts  in  the 
picnic  give  a  demonstration  of  their  work,  such  as  knot-tying, 
signalling,  and  with  the  assistance  of  the  other  picnickers,  life- 
saving  demonstrations.  Back  in  the  park  again  the  visitors  see 
the  summer  work  of  the  Scouts  of  Troop  3,  the  opening  of  the 
trail  through  the  surrounding  woods.  As  time  is  passing  and 
the  train  nearly  due,  one  last  look  at  homes,  woods,  and  garages 
is  taken  and  visitors  flee  to  a  convenient  street  car,  bound,  after 

four  reels  of  sightseeing,  to  a  distant  city. 
TWO  REMARKABLE  STUDIES  OF  BIRD  LIFE 

TNTIMATE  studies  of  birds  at  home  in  their  tree-top  nests 
-*■  are  contained  in  these  two  remarkable  nature  pictures.  In- 
finite patience  must  have  been  required  to  secure  the  views  of 
young  herons  and  young  hawks  at  various  stages  of  their  exist- 
ence from  birth  onwards.  In  a  series  of  wonderful  close-ups — 
photographed  at  a  distance  of  a  few  yards  from  a  specially-built 
observation  post  in  a  neighboring  tree — we  see  exactly  how  the 
lively  youngsters  are  fed  and  educated,  until  at  last  they  are  able 
to  use  their  wings  and  forage  for  themselves. 

"The  Story  of  the  Heron"  opens  with  general  views  of  the 
Kentish  heronry  where  the  films  were  made  last  summer.  Captain 
C.  W.  R.  Knight,  M.  C,  F.R.P.S.,  the  cinematographer,  is  seen 
climbing  a  lofty  oak  an<l  preparing  a  "nest"  of  sacking  for  him- 
self and  his  camera.  The  art  of  disgorging  food  after  it  has  been 
swallowed  is  an  important  accomplishment  for  the  youiig  heron, 
which,  by  thus  reducing  its  weight,  is  able  to  increase  its  wing- 
speed  at  times  of  emergency.  Great  joy  prevails  in  the  heron 
home  at  supper  time  when  the  father  brings  back  the  supper.. 
The  struggles  of  the  himgry  family  to  secure  the  biggest  share, 
provide  many  delightful  moments  of  natural  comedy. 

"The  Story  of  the  Kestrel"  gives  a  detailed  and  intimate  pic- 
ture of  the  habits  and  liome-life  of  this  well-known  British  hawk. 
In  a  unique  series  of  scenes  we  watch  the  parent-bird  drop  from 
mid-air  upon  a  tiny  field  mouse,  and  carry  its  struggling  prey 
back  to  its  nest  in  the  tree-tops.  .\  close-up  of  a  young  hawk 
stuffing  a  lark's  leg  is  another  episode  of  gruesome  interest.  Per- 
haps the  most  fascinating  of  all  these  scenes,  however,  is  a 
wonderful  study  of  a  hawk  at  dinner.  A  large  thrush  is  swal- 
lowed whole,  the  feathered  bo<ly  being  gradually  absorbed  by 
the  voracious  kestrel,  till  even  the  tail-tip  disappears  Then  the 
kestrel  shuts  its  eyes,  gives  two  great  sighs  of  satisfaction,  and 
positively  smiles.  So  vivid  a  glimpse  of  bird  character  has  seldom 
been  seen  on  the  screen. 


21 


HOW  TO  ORGANIZE  A  VISUAL  INSTRUCTION  ASSOCIATION  IN  YOUR  CITY 


By  Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman 

Diairman  of  Motion  Pictures,  General  Federation  of  Women's  Clulw 


THE  many   letters  received,  not  only  from   all   over 
our  own  land  but  from  other  lands  as  well,  asking 
as  to  the  origin,  purposes  and  methods  of  procedure 
of  the  Visual  Instruction  Association  of  New  York 
City,  seem  to  indicate  that  this  new  organization  is  des- 
tined to  meet  a  very  real   need  now  being  recognized  by 
educators  and  thinking  people  generally. 

The  use  of  motion  pictures  for  educational  purposes  can 
never  be  brought  about  by  any  one  group  of  persons  work- 
ing at  the  problem  independently.  It  is  so  new  an  under- 
taking that  much  pioneer  work  must  be  done  in  many  di- 
rections before  it  has  become  accepted  as  a  practical  form 
of  education  for  which  the  taxpaying  public  is  willing  to  see 
its  good  money  appropriated    . 

For  a  time  it  appeared  as  though  all  progress  was  blocked 
by  a  series  of  obstacles  which  seemed  to  form  an  unsur- 
mountable  barrier. 

In  order  to  convince  the  public  of  the  value  of  motion 
pictures  as  an  educational  medium,  only  educational  pic- 
tures were  needed.  These  would  not  be  produced  in  any 
numbers  until  the  producers  could  be  assured  that  the 
fchools  would  purchase  them  at  a  price  that  would  return 
the  money  invested.  The  schools  could  not  secure  money  for 
such  purposes  until  the  general  public  was  convinced  that 
motion  pictures  were  worth  such  an  investment  and  would 
authorize  the  school  boards  to  make  the  necessary  appro- 
priations.    Thus  everything  seemed  at  a  standstill. 

This  was  the  situation  when  Dr.  Ernest  L.  Crandall,  new- 
ly appointed  Director  of  Visual  Instruction  of  New  York 
City,  decided  to  see  what  he  could  do  to  break  the  deadlock. 
At  his  invitation,  the  teachers  and  principals  already  in- 
terested in  visual  instruction  and  desirous  of  seeing  motion 
pictures  used  as  an  aid  in  instruction,  met  with  the  motion 
i)icture  producers  of  New  York  City  who  had  done  any- 
thing that  could,  by  any  stretch  of  the  imagination,  be 
called  educational. 

The  cooperation  thus  secured  resulted  finally  in  films 
being  selected  and  arranged  in  three  series,  correlated  with 
three  courses  of  study.  Only  a  very  small  proportion  of 
these  films  had  been  made  for  educational  purposes  and 
were,  therefore,  really  suited  to  the  classroom.  But  they 
made  possible  the  attempt  to  use  motion  pictures  in  con- 
nection with  regular  school  courses. 

It  then  became  evident  that  another  element  was  needed 
in  the  cooperation.  When  the  time  came  for  the  Board  of 
Estimate  to  make  its  appropriations  for  school  work,  who 
was  there  to  go  l)efore  them  as  representing  the  taxpaying 
public  to  ask  for  the  amount  needed  to  carry  the  plans  so 
carefully  prepared? 

Then  it  became  apparent  that  the  fullest  cooperation  of 
parents  and  teachers  and  the  public  generally  was  needed 


to  put  through  successfully  the  plan  to  make  motion  pic- 
tures an  active  adjunct  to  education. 

Other  communities  feel  the  need  of  a  Visual  Instruction 
Association  and  are  writing  in  to  ask  just  what  steps  to  take 
in  forming  one. 

The  steps  to  be  taken  in  organizing  a  Visual  Instruction 
Association  will  vary  somewhat  with  local  conditions,  but 
the  groups  to  be  interested  are  practically  the  same. 

First  there  are  the  school  authorities.  The  Director  of 
Visual  Instruction,  where  there  is  one,  will  be  glad  to  wel- 
come the  formation  of  an  organization  working  for  the  en- 
largement and  better  equipment  of  his  department.  He  will 
readily  be  a  prime  mover  in  the  whole  undertaking. 

The  interest  and  active  cooperation  of  the  superintendent 
of  schools  and  the  principals  of  the  high  schools  should  also 
be  secured. 

The  Parent-Teachers  Association  will  also  be  ready  to 
take  an  active  part  in  the  formation  of  this  new  organization, 
as  will  also  members  of  the  women's  clubs. 

From  these  various  groups  a  committee  can  be  formed 
whose  work  it  shall  be  to  direct  the  preliminaries  of  or- 
ganization. Before  issuing  the  call  for  the  first  meeting,  let 
this  committee  find  the  person  best  fitted  to  present  in  a 
telling  speech  the  value  of  visual  instruction,  the  efficacy 
of  motion  pictures  as  an  aid  to  visual  instruction,  and  the 
need  of  an  organization  to  assist  in  equipping  the  schools 
for  this  work.  It  would  also  be  well  to  discuss  the  persons 
best  suited  for  the  first  officers  of  the  new  organization. 

Thus,  when  the  first  meeting  is  called,  matters  will  run 
along  fairly  smoothly.  The  opening  address  will  stimulate 
thought  and  open  the  way  for  discussion.  There  will  be 
those  present  ready  to  move  the  formation  of  the  organiza- 
tion and  to  nominate  its  officers. 

Since  the  purposes  of  these  various  Visual  Instruction 
Associations  will  be  so  nearly  identical,  it  might  be  helpful 
to  give  herewith  the  simple  constitution  adopted  by  the 
New  York  City  Association,  which  can  easily  be  modi- 
fied to  suit  local  conditions. 

Since  the  great  work  of  this  association  is  to  be  convincing 
the  public  of  the  educational  value  of  motion  pictures,  its 
first  step  will  be  a  public  showing  of  pictures  of  that  kind. 
The  New  York  Association  gave  such  a  demonstration  soon 
after  its  formation  in  the  Rivoli  Theater  before  an  audience 
of  over  five  hundred. 

One  immediate  result  was  a  marked  increase  in  member- 
ship. The  films  shown  were  selected  from  the  courses  being 
given  in  connection  with  the  school  curriculum  and  were  as 
follows: 

Geography — 'The  Panama  Canal"  (Kineto  Co).  Litera- 
ture— "The  Courtship  of  Miles  Standish"  (one  reel).  Bi- 
ology— "The  Living  World"  (Carter  Cinema  Co.). 

22 


It  is  the  intention  of  this  organization  to  give  at  least 
two  public  demonstrations  each  year,  thus  repeatedly  call- 
ing the  attention  of  the  general  public  to  the  work  of  the 
Association,  enlisting  new  members,  and  showing  the  im- 
provement which  is  bound  to  come  in  the  production  of 
educational  motion  pictures. 

In  addition  to  these  general  meetings,  there  are  meetings 
of  committees  and  of  the  Association  as  a  whole,  to  consider 
various  problems  that  arise  which  call  for  the  joint  con- 
sideration of  teachers,  film  people  and  the  general  public. 

It  is  encouraging  to  know  that  in  every  school  where  mo- 
tion pictures  have  been  used  in  connection  with  the  courses 
of  study,  principals  and  teachers  are  unanimous  in  their 
opinion  that  they  have  proven  highly  satisfactory  aids  to 
efficient  teaching. 

This  is  due  in  part  to  the  fact  that  at  least  a  week  before 
each  picture  is  shown  the  teacher  receives  a  synopsis  of  the 
film  which  enables  her  to  make  her  teaching  prepare  the 
tninds  of  her  pupils  to  receive  the  gre.itest  amount  of  good 
from  what  they  see. 

It  is  now  proposed,  for  the  coming  term's  work,  that  the 
teachers  be  allowed  to  see  the  films  beforehand,  thus  being 


equipped  to  make  even  more  thorough  class  preparation.  It 
is  also  suggested  that  the  pupils  be  allowed  to  see  each 
picture  a  second  time,  after  a  thorough  discussion  of  the 
first  showing.  This  will  enable  each  child  consciously  to 
note  the  important  points  in  each  picture  and  will  fasten 
these  points  more  securely  in  the  mind. 

Just  how  much  benefit  is  gained  through  the  use  of  mo- 
tion pictures  in  the  school  room  no  one  is  at  present  pre- 
pared to  say.  We  shall  not  always  be  in  this  state  of 
ignorance,  however.  Even  now  a  Columbia  student  is  mak- 
ing careful  psychological  tests  by  the  very  latest  scientific 
methods  to  ascertain  just  what  evaluation  may  be  put  upon 
the  schoolroom  use  of  the  motion  picture. 

The  formation  of  many  Visual  Instruction  Associations 
over  the  United  States  would  eventuate  in  giving  great 
impetus  to  the  production  of  the  right  kind  of  education 
motion  pictures  and  their  increasingly  effective  use  in  the 
schoolroom,  especially  if  these  Associations  keep  in  close 
contact  with  one  another,  comparing  expenses  and  making 
helpful  suggestions,  thus  eventually  bringing  into  existence 
a  true  understanding  of  the  real  function  of  the  educational 
motion  picture  and  of  its  marvelous  possibilities,  which 
we  have  as  yet  hardly  begun  to  grasp. 


CONSTITUTION  AND  BY-LAWS  OF  NEW  YORK  VISUAL  INSTRUCTION  ASSOCIATION 


Article  I 

Name 
The  name  of  tliis  organization  shall  be  the  Visual  In- 
struction Association  of  New  York. 
Article  II 
Purpose 
The  purpose  of  the  Visual  Instruction  .Association  of 
New  York  shall  be  to  bring  together  persons  interested 
in  the  use  of  films,  slides,  and  other  visual  aids  to  ed- 
ucation and  to  promote  their  use  by  such  means  as  may 
seem  from  time  to  time  ex]>edient. 
Article  III 
Members 
There  shall  be  the  following  classes  of  members:  Ac- 
tive, associates,  non-resident  and  honorary. 
Article  IV 
Officers 
Section  1 — The   officers   shall  be  a   president,  5   vice- 
presidents,  one  for  each  borough),  recording  secretary, 
corresponding  secretary,   and   a  treasurer. 

Section  2 — The  officers  shall  he  elected  by  ballot  at 
the  annual  meeting. 

Article  V 
Meetings 
Section  1 — There   shall   be  an   annual   meeting  of  the 
as.sociation   on    the   first    Saturday   in   October   in   each 
year. 

Section  2- — Monthly  meetings  shall  be  held  from  Octo- 
ber to  June,  inclusive. 

Section  3— Special  meetings  may  be  called  by  the  presi- 
dent and  shall  be  called  on  the  written  request  of  twenty- 
five  members  of  the  association. 
Article  VI 
.\mendments 
This  constitution  may  be  amended  by  a  two-thirds  vote 
of  the  members  present   nt   any  meeting,   provided   the 
proposed  amendment  shall  have  been  sent  in  writing  to 
each  member  fifteen  days  before  the  meeting. 

BY-LAWS 
By-Law  I 

Membership 

Section  1 — Active  members  shall  be  those  actively 
engaged  in  the  use  of  films,  slides,  and  other  aids  to 
visual  education  and  those  who  have  no  active  profes- 
sional or  business  interest  in  the  production  of  visual 
aids  but  are  interested  in  the  extension  of  their  use. 
This  class  of  members  shall  be  unlimited  in  number. 

Section  2 — Associate  members  shall  be  those  actively 
engaged  in  production  of  films,  slides  and  other  aids  to 


visual  education  and  who  are  also  actively  interested  in 
their  use  as  aids  to  instruction.  This  class  of  member- 
ship shall  not  exceed  one-third  of  the  total  membership 
of  the  association  at  any  time. 

Section  33 — -Non-resident  members  shall  be  those  who 
do  not.  have  a  residence  or  place  of  business  in  Greater 
New  York. 

Section  4 — The  rights  and  privileges  of  all  classes  of 
members  shall  be  the  same,  except  that  non-resident 
members  shall  not  vote  at  elections  of  the  association. 

Section  5 — Applications  for  admission  shall  be  made 
to   the   Membership    Committee  who    shall   report   their . 
list  of  admissions  at  eacli  regular  meeting  of  the  asso- 
ciation. 

Section  6 — Candidates  elected  to  membership  in  the 
association  shall  become  members  of  the  association  upon 
pajnnent  within  60  days  after  due  notice  from  the  treas- 
urer of  the  dues  of  the  current  fiscal  year. 

Section    7 — A   member   wishing  to   resign    .shall   offer 
his  or  her  resignation  to  the  secretary  of  the  as.sociation, 
and  such  resignation  shall  not  be  accepted  unless  rati- 
fied by  the  action  of  the  executive  committee. 
By-Law  II 
Dues 

Section  1 — All  classes  of  members  except  honorary 
members,  shall  pay  Sl.OO  annual  dues 

Section  2 — ."VU  dues  shall  be  payable  annually  in  ad- 
vance on  October  1st. 

Bv-Law  III 
Committees 

Section  1 — The  executive  committee  sliall  consist  of 
the  officers  and  chairmen  of  standing  committees. 

Section  2 — There  shall  be  the  following  standing  com- 
mittees: Membership,  Publicity.  Co-operation,  Program. 
By-Law  IV 
Quorum 

A  quorum  of  the  bo.nrd  of  directors  shall  be  seven.    A 
quorum  of  the  association  shall  be  fifty. 
By-Law  V 
.\mendments 

These  by-laws  may  be  amended  by  a  two-thirds  vote 
at  any  meeting  regularly  called,  provided  a  copy  of  the 
proposed  amendment  sliall  be  sent  0)it  with  the  notice 
of  meeting.  Without  such  notice  the  by-laws  may  be 
amended  at  such  meeting  by  unanimous  vote,  provided 
a  quorum  is  present. 

By-Law  VI 
Manual 

Robert's  Rules  of  Order,  latest  edition,  shall  govern 
the  proceedings  of  the  association. 


23 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 


"THE  PORCELAIN  LAMP" 

THE  Porcelain  Lamp  is  an  unusually  interesiing 
educational  drama  in  five  reels  visualising  the  his- 
tory of  land  travel  from  the  early  days  of  Egyptian 
civilization  to  modern  times.  The  ^'ory  is  told  by 
«n  engineer,  Grayson  Whitney,  who  is  a  collector  of  curioii, 
to  a  group  of  friends,  about  an  old  porcelain  lamp  which 
is  part  of  his  collection.  He  explains  that  it  was  formerly 
owned  by  Anton  Daimler,  a  Frenchman,  who  discovered 
that  gasoline  could  be  used  as  a  liquid  fuel. 

Whitney  gives  his  guests  a  short  history  of  Daimler  and  his  struggle 
with  poverty.    One  night  as  the  Frenchman  worked  by  the  light  of  the 
lamp  he  fell  asleep  from  exhaustion  and  dreamed  that  Mercury,  the  god 
of  travel,  appeared  and  showed  him  the  achievements  of  the  past  in  land 
transportation  and  a  vision  of  the  future.     The  picturization   of  this 
vision  is  interesting  and  of  real  educational  value,  as  pack  animals  and 
various  types  of  carrying  devices  and  vehicles  are  shown  in  historical 
sequence.     The  sled 
used    by    Egyptians 
to     transport     large 
blocks  of  stone  for 
the    Pyramids;    the 
Indian    travois ;    the 
development   of  the 
wheel;  the  jinriksha 
of     Japan; 
horse  -  drawn 
vehicles;     and 
all    the    early 
power-produc- 
ing   machines, 
including    the 
gun    powder, 
gas,  and  steam 
engines. 

When     t  h  e 
sleeper        awakened 
the  room  was  dark, 
for     the     kerosene     had 
burned  out  of  the  lamp; 
and  in  his  confusion  he 
picked    up    the    wrong 
bottle    to    refill     it, 
touched    a    light   to    the 

wick,  and  the  lamp  exploded.  He  had  accidentally  filled 
it  with  an  unused  by-product  of  kerosene  called  gasoline. 
By  this  accident  he  discovered  a  new  liquid  fuel  and  even- 
tually invented  a  one  cylinder  engine,  the  forerunner  of 
the  gasoline  motor  of  today. 

The  film  story  then  cuts  back  to  Whitney  telling  his 
guests  about  the  evolution  of  the  motor  industry  from  the 
Daimier  invention  to  the  modern  automobile.  Elarly  models 
of  the  horseless  carriage  and  the  first  automobiles  with 
solid  tires  are  shown.     Some  delightful  comedy  is  intro- 


duced by  scenes  of  the  experiences  of  automobilists  twenty 
years  ago.  Various  stages  in  the  development  of  the  motor 
car  and  many  types  of  modem  cars  are  depicted.  By  means' 
of  animated  mechanigraphs  the  operation  of  the  motor  is 
explained;  the  tire  pump,  the  vacuum  feed  tank,  the  intake 
and  outlet  manifolds,  and  the  piston  action  are  stripped 
of  their  outer  casings  and  shown  in  operation  with  explan- 
atory labels. 

The  Porcelain  Lamp  is  an 
educational     picture     which 
will    interest   mature   or   ju- 
venile optiences.     The  titles 
are   descriptive   and 
the  continuity  of  the 
story    carefully    de- 
veloped.        Herbert 
Hyman  of  the  Cole 
Motor     Car     Com- 
pany  is    rsponsible 
the     scenario,     Don 
Carlos   Ellis    did   the   re- 
search work,  and  the  film 
was  produced  by  the  Har- 
ry   Levey    Service    Corp- 
oration of  New  York. 

PILLARS   OF   THE   SKY 


P 


T^HIS  scene  from  "The  Porcelain  Lamp",  showing  a  Chinaman  and  a  primitive 
wlieelbarrow,  ifl  one  of  the  linlcs  in  tlie  evolution  of  modern  transportation,  the 
story  of  wliich  makc!<  up  tlie  Aim.  The  picture  is  of  an  educational  and  historical 
character  and  was  produced  for  the  Cole  Motor  Car  Company  by  the  Harry  Levey 
Service  Corporation.  It  had  its  premiere  showing  at  the  Strand  Theater,  \cw 
Vnrk.  (in  January  12  last,  under  the  sponsorship  of  the  NaMoiiii  Automobile 
C'lmml)er  of  Commerce. 


ILLARS  of  the 
Sky  is  one  of 
a  series  of  six  west- 
ern pictures,  featur- 
ing    the    gathering, 
treating,      manufac- 
turing,   and    distri- 
bution   of   northern 
iwhJte   cedar    polies, 
western    red    cedar 
poles,  and  Mount  Ranier 
fir    crossarms,    produced 
under    the    direction    of 
Charles    W.    Barrel  1    for 
the  Western  Electric  Com- 
pany.    It  is   a  one  reel 
scenic   of   Mount    Rainer 
and  the  gigantic  fir  trees  of  the  northwest,  which  were  well 
grown  when  Charlemagne  ruled  middle  Europe.     Many  of 
them  are  230  feet  high  and  six  feet  in  diameter.    The  film 
shows  graphically  the  risks  taken  by  lumberjacks  in  cutting 
down  these  big  trees.    In  many  cases  they  climb  to  180  feet, 
in  order  to  saw  off  the  tree  top. 

One  of  the  niost  interesting  scenes  shows  the  method  of  drag- 
ging tlie  trees  to  the  edge  of  the  forest  by  stout  steel  cables.  The 
progress  of  the  trip  from  the  forest  by  rail  and  water  to  the  mill 
]>ond  and  the  work  of  the  big  saws  in  the  lumber  mill  make  one 
realize  how  much  labor  and  risk  of  human  life  is  necessary  to 
produce  the  crossarms  and  conduits  of  the  telephone  system. 


24 


MOVIES  TEACH  RETAIL  SALESMANSHIP 

Film  Activities  of  the  National  Retail  Dry  Goods  Association 

— Standard  Width  Non-Flam  Stock  Used— Review 

Board  Passes  on  Each  Film 


THE  progressive  department  stores  of  the  United  States 
have  made  another  stride  forward  in  the  educational 
training  of  their  employees  in  teaching  salesmanship 
with  the  aid  of  motion  pictures.  The  Research  and  Informa- 
tion Department  of  the  National  Retail  Dry  Goods  Associa- 
tion of  200  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City  has  established 
a  motion  picture  service  and  are  distributing  pictures  to  the 
members  of  the  association,  to  be  used  for  educational  train- 
ing of  the  employees  of  the  dry  goods  stores  throughout 
the  country. 

To  facilitate  the  distribution  of  this  library  of  films  the 
United  States  has  been  divided  into  six  zones  and  a  picture 
is  circuited  throughout  each  zone  before  it  is  forwarded  to 
the  next  zone.  A  store  that  is  a  member  of  the  association 
may  keep  a  film  a  week  and  then  send  it  to  the  next  applicant 
in  his  district.  To  minimize  the  fire  risks  involved  in  this 
work  the  reels  supplied  are  on  standard  width  non-inflam- 
mable stock  and  an  asbestos  booth  is  used.    A  portable  pro- 


'tHE  evolution   of  the  wheel   showing   how  the   natural   log  developed 
into  an   axle  and   how  the  crude  triangular  boards  developed    into 
spokes    as    we    know   them    today.      Scenes    from    the    new    industrial- 
educational  feature  "The  Porcelain   Lamp." 

jecting  machine  taking  standard  width  film  is  the  type  of 
projector  generally  used.  Arthur  Weisenberger  is  manager 
of  the  Motion  Picture  Service  of  the  National  Retail  Dry 
Goods  Association  and  before  a  film  is  accepted  it  is  viewed 
by  a  Board  of  Review  consisting  of  the  Training  and  Educa- 
tional Directors  of  five  of  the  large  department  stores.  This 
board  is  composed  of  Arthur  Weisenberger,  National  Retail 
Dry  Goods  Association;  A.  S.  Donaldson,  R.  H.  Macy  & 
Co.,  New  York;  C.  M.  King,  Best  &  Co.,  New  York;  Mrs. 
Isabella  Brandow,  Lord  &  Taylor,  New  York;  Mrs.  Laura 
Harter,  Bamberger  &  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J.;Miss  Florence 
Hall,  Stem  Bros.,  New  York. 

A  film  is  exhibited  to  an  audience  composed  of  the  em- 
ployees of  a  store  and  a  complete  history  of  the  merchandise 
that  is  the  subject  of  the  picture  is  given  by  the  Director 


of  Training  and  by  the  aid  of  the  film,  visualizes  the  source 
of  supply,  gathering  the  raw  product,  transportation  and 
the  manufacturing  process  of  the  merchandise. 

Such  subjecis  as  shoes,  woolens,  cottons,  hats,  silks,  veils, 
electrical  appliances,  and  various  food  products  are  the 
titles  of  the  illustrated  lectures  that  consume  about  half 
an  hour  of  the  salesperson's  time  and  are  given  at  an  hour 
that  will  not  interfere  with  the  work  of  the  department.  The 
films  are  usually  exhibited  to  small  groups  of  the  employees 
who  sell  that  particular  type  of  merchandise  which  is  the 
subject  of  the  lecture  and  by  the  aid  of  this  instruction, 
the  salesperson  returns  to  her  depariment  with  a  better 
understanding  of  the  stock  sold  over  the  counter  and  can 
talk  intelligently  to  a  customer  about  the  subject. 

Some  of  the  prominent  storels  ll^at  are  successfully 
using  the  motion  picture  service  of  the  association  are 
Charles  H.  Stevens,  Chicago;  Halle  Bros.,  Cleveland;  La 
Salle  &  Cook,  Toledo;  G.  M.  McKelvey  Co.,  Youngstown; 
D.  H.  Holmes,  New  Orleans;  Mass  Bros.,  Tampa;  Ville  de 
Paris,  Los  Angeles;  Emporium,  San  Francisco;  and  the 
Spokane  Dry  Goods  Co.,  Spokane. 

INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NOTES 

JUDGING  from  the  attendance  at  the  motion  picture  theater  at 
the  Marine  Ex{X)sition  held  at  the  Grand  Central  Palace,  New 
York  City,  January  24  to  29,  a  large  portion  of  the  public  was 
more  interested  in  the  industrial  pictures  than  in  the  exhibits. 
The  films  shown  were  loaned  by  the  National  Life  Preserver 
Company,  Submarine  Boat  Corporation,  Babcock  &  Wilcox  Cbra- 
pany.  General  Electric  Company,  Columbia  Rope  Company,  Sperry 
Gyroscope  Company,  Baltimore  Dry  Dock  &  Ship  Building  Com- 
pany, International  Mercantile  Marine  Company,  Submarine  Signal 
Company,  Mitchel  Ship  Salvage  Company,  and  the  Plymouth 
Cordage  Company. 


Charles  A.  Schieren  Company  of  New  York  are  showing  a  four 
reel  picture  illustrating  the  manufacture  of  leather  belting,  "from 
pasture  to  pulley"  to  the  master  mechanics,  superintendents,  and 
shop  foremen  of  the  large  industrial  plants. 


"Wood  Preservation"  is  the  subject  of  a  lecture,  illustrated  by 
two  reels  of  motion  pictures,  which  K.  C.  Barth  of  the  Barrett 
Company  of  Chicago  is  presenting  to  engineering  societies  and 
clubs  of  the  middle  west.  The  films  sliow  the  method  of  preserv- 
ing wood  by  surface  treatment,  spraying,  or  tlie  immersion  pro- 
cess which  consists  of  a  hot  bath  quickly  followed  by  a  cold  bath 
of  creosote  oil. 


Moving  pictures  showing  methods  of  wood  preservation  were  a 
feature  at  the  convention  of  the  Wisconsin  Retail  Lumberman's 
Association  February  1.5  at  the  Hotel  Pfister,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


The  importance  of  the  motion  picture  as  a  feature  of  industrial 
education  was  demonstrated  at  the  International  Silk  Exposition 
held  at  the  Grand  Central  Palace,  February  7  to  12,  in  New  York 
City.  Films  showing  the  entire  silk  industry,  from  the  cocoon  to 
the  finished  fabrics,  attracted  large  optiences  each  afternoon  and 
evening.  The  pictures  exhibited  were  "Silk  Reeling  in  Italy" 
loaned  by  A.  P.  Villa  &  Sons,  New  York;  "Ribbonology,"  loaned 
by  Johnson  Cowdin  Company;  "From  Cocoon  To  My  Lady's 
Dress,"  loaned  by  Sidney  Blumenthal  &  Co.;  "From  Cocoon  to 
Spool"  loaned  by  Corticelli  Silk  Mills;  and  films  showing  the 
manufacture  of  silks  loaned  by  H.  R.  Mallinson  &  Co.,  and  Beld- 
ing  Bros. 


Petroleum  has  become  such  a  vital  factor  in  civilization's  prog- 
ress and  the  oil  industry  is  such  a  fascinating  pursuit,  that  the 
story  of  its  magic  development  has  been  picturized  by  the  United 
States  Bureau  of  Mines  in  co-operation  with  tlie  Sinclair  Consoli- 
dated Oil  Corp.    A  four  reel  picture  "The  Story  of  Petroleum" 


25 


shows  the  production,  transportation,  refining,  and  distribution  of 
oil.  There  are  a  few  scenes  taken  at  the  Harlan  plant  of  the 
Bethlehem  Shipbuilding  Corporation,  Limited,  during  a  launching 
of  one  of  the  big  Sinclair  tank  ships. 

*  * 

"From  Grass  to  Glass"  is  a  picture  portraying  sanitary  dairy 
methods.  It  was  recently  exhibited  at  the  Classic  Theater,  Water- 
town,  Wis.,  under  the  auspices  of  tlie  National  Anti-Tuberculosis 
Association. 


"Why  the  Magneto?"  is  a  two  reel  instructional  film  which 
visualizes  the  major  operations  that  enter  into  the  manufacture  of 
high  tension  magnetos,  and,  bj-  the  use  of  animated  technical 
drawings,  the  generation  of  the  current,  its  distribution  to  the 
plugs,  and  the  firing  of  the  mixture  in  the  cylinders. 


The   cherry   industry   is   the   subject  of  a   motion   picture   dis- 
tributed by  the  International  Harvester  Company  of  Chicago,  111. 


A  six  reel  picture  entitled  "Getting  the  Most  Out  of  Retailing" 
is  being  shown  to  merchants  and  their  employees  under  the  aus- 
pices of  many  Chambers  of  Commerce  in  the  middle  west  by  rep- 
resentatives of  the  National  Cash  Register  Company  of  Dayton, 
Ohio.  The  film  tells  the  story  of  a  merchant  who  is  on  the  verge 
of  failure  and  the  reasons  for  his  lack  of  success  become  apparent 
as  the  picture  progresses.  Poor  arrangement  of  merchandise  in 
store  and  wint'.ow  and  old-fashioned  business  methods  contributed 
their  quota  of  loss.  At  the  critical  moment  of  his  business  career 
he  adopts  motlem  methods  of  merchandising,  remodels  his  store, 
installs  a  mo<lern  system  of  accounting,  increases  his  advertising, 
and  becomes  a  successful  mercliant  and  a  useful  citizen.  This 
picture  was  produced  by  the  Bray  Studios. 


A  motion  picture  entitled  "When  Women  Work"  and  distributed 
by  the  Women's  Bureau  of  the  United  States  Department  of 
Labor  was  shown  February  11  at  the  conference  and  report  on  an 
investigation  by  the  Vocational  Guidance  Association  of  Minne- 
apolis. This  film  is  a  two  reel  drama  produced  by  Carlyle  Ellis 
and  shows  good  and  bad  working  conditions  for  women  in  indus- 
trial  plants. 


The  Rexall  Drug  Company  are  calling  meetings  in  every  state 
to  increase  the  efficiency  of  salesmen  in  Rexall  Drug  Stores.  Ex- 
pert Salesmen  address  the  meetings  and  motion  pictures  are  used 
to  demonstrate  manufacturing  processes,  from  the  raw  material 
to  the  finished  product,  of  many  nationally  known  articles  sold  in 
the  Rexall  stores. 


Members  of  the  Douglas  County  Road  and  Bridge  Commission 
attended  the  annual  road  school  under  the  auspices  of  the  Wis- 
consin Highway  Corranission,  from  January  31  ot  February  4,  at 
Madison,  Wis.  Lectures  were  delivered  by  commissioners  and 
professors  of  the  university  on  construction  and  maintenance  of 
state  roads,  illustrated  with  motion  pictures  of  highway  construc- 
tion and  road  building  machinery  in  operation. 


The  Maxwell  Motor  Company  of  Detroit  are  distributing  a  five 
reel  motion  picture  entitled  "Something  New"  with  Nell  Ship- 
man  in  the  stellar  role.  'I  he  scenes  of  the  story  were  taken  in 
Mexico  and  the  Maxwel!  car  played  an  important  role  in  the 
drama  by  taking  the  hero  up  rocky  hills,  fording  streams  and 
jumping  gullies  to  safety. 


Requests  from  the  United  States  commercial  attach^  at  Peking 
and  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  China  for  industrial  pictures  showing 
American  manufacturing  |)roce.s.ses  and  business  methods  are 
constantly  being  received.  American  manufacturers  could  develop 
•  larger  Chinese  market  for  their  products  by  using  films  with 
ChincKc  sub-titles  to  explain  industrial  activities. 


The  Associated  Metal  Lath  Manufacturers  are  exhibiting  a  film 
at  conventions  of  architects,  builders,  material  dealers,  and  at 
technical  schools,  showing  various  uses  of  metal  laths  in  the  con- 
•tniction  of  buildings. 


Model  S-S-One 

COSMOGRAPH 

For  use  with  SAFETY  STANDARD  FILM  and 
LANTERN  SLIDES 

MODEL  SS-1  is  designed  for  use  with  Safety  Stand- 
ard non-inflammable  film  and  accommodates  either 
Pathescope  or  Eastman  perforation. 

IS  EQUIPPED  WITH  STEREOPTICON  LANTERN 
SLIDE  attachment  and  will  accommodate  any  Stand- 
ard 3^x4  inch  glass,  paper  or  mica  slides. 

THIS  MACHINE  is  ideal  for  Church  or  Class  Room 
work  and  can  be  furnished  with  or  without  adjust- 
able legs.  Is  regularly  equipped  with  400  watt 
Mazda  special  filament  lamp.  If  desired  600  watt 
lamp  and  lamphouse  can  be  furnished  for  exception- 
ally long  throws  and  where  a  larger  picture  is  wanted 
for  a  slight  additional  cost. 

CONVENIENT  TO  CARRY.  When  the  machine  is 
packed  in  Carrying  Case  it  condenses  down  to  a  size 
of  about  (12x18  inches).  This  case  also  acts  as  a 
housing  for  the  lower  takeup  reel  when  in  operation. 
The  feed  reel  being  on  top  of  the  mechanism  allows 
the  film  to  travel  in  a  straight  line  and  simplifies  the 
threading.  The  weight  of  this  machine  is  about  32 
pounds. 

OTHER  ADVANTAGES.  Can  be  used  anywhere 
without  the  use  of  a  Fireproof  booth. 

WE  MANUFACTURE  other  model  Portable  Projec- 
tors and  would  be  pleased  to  send  more  additional 
information,  also  our  terms  and  prices  and  dealer's 
proposition. 

Agents  Wanted  Everywhere 

Factory 

Cosmograph  Building 

MOREHEAD,  KENTUCKY 


General  Sales  OHices 

Broadway  Film  Building 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO 


The  Cosmograph  Motion  Picture  Macliine  Co.  inc. 

EttablUhed  1910  LEO  B.  DWYER,  Gen'I  Salea  Manaccr 


26 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 

News  Notes  and  Comment  on  Educational  and  Allied  Films 

from  Institutions,  Organizations,  Producers  and  Individuals 

in  the   United  States  and   Canada   and   Overseas 


THE    Messrs.    Bulman    of    London, 
Kn^Iand.    originators    of    daylif?ht 
motion    pictures    in    that    country 
have  l)een  giving  exhibitions  of  educa- 
tional   tilm*!    in    the    parks    of    various 

English  cities. 

*  * 

A  list  of  recommended  pictures  suit- 
able for  the  use  of  schools,  churches, 
women's  clubs  and  social  agencies  is 
beinpr  sent  out  by  the  Better  Films 
Committee  of  the  Chicago  Women's 
Aid.  The  pictures  have  been  carefully 
reviewed  by  the  committee  members. 
This  list  may  be  obtained  free  of 
cliarge  by  writing  to  Mrs.  Fred  Mich- 
ael, cliairman,  5325  Indiana  Avenue, 
Chicago,  111. 

*  * 

"Milk  the  Perfect  Food",  prepared 
in  cooperation  with  H.  H.  Hemming, 
A.  W.  Hopkins,  and  G.  H.  Bencendorf 
of  the  University  of  Wisconsin,  was 
recently  shown  afternoon  and  eve- 
ning at  Trousdale  Church,  Madison, 
Wis.  The  picture  covers  the  various 
uses  of  milk  and  one  part  shows 
Prof.  Bal>cock  at  work  in  the  Univer- 
sity laboratory.  On  the  same  program 
were  "The  Open  Track"  and  "By 
Might  Of  His  Right",  a  Drew  comedy. 
The  same  program  was  repeated  at 
the  East  End  Tabernacle,  in  Madison. 

*  * 

A  health  picture,  "Byways  of  Life" 
was  shown  on  February  15  at  the 
Y.  W.  C.  A.  In  Moline.  III.  Dr. 
Phoebe  Pearsall  gave  a  health  talk 
to  the  women  and  girls  in  connection 
with   the   film. 

*  * 

At  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Ohio 
Federation  of  Women's  Clubs  in  Co- 
lumbus, Ohio,  as  a  part  of  its  "educa- 
tional creed"  visual  education  was 
listed  as  number  eight  among  the  im- 
portant  items   on   the  program. 

Films  on  agricultural  topics  filled 
in  the  intervals  between  talks  and 
discussions  at  the  recent  meeting  of 
the  Mount  Hope  Township  Farm  Bu- 
reau,  in    Bloomington,   111. 

*  * 

Movies  of  pygmies  taken  in  Cen- 
tral Africa  by  Dr.  L.  J.  Vandenbergh 
were  recently  screened  before  the 
members  of  the  National  Geographic 
Society  of  Washington,  D.  C.  These 
pictures,  released  by  Famous  Players, 
will  soon  be  available  to  non-theatri- 
cal  users. 

"Our  Daily  Bread"  is  the  newest 
General  Electric  film  in  one  reel.  Hu- 
man power,  animal  power,  and  finally 
mechanical  power  are  depicted,  reach- 
ing a  climax  in  the  electric  drive  of 
the  great    flour  mills. 

Films  illustrating  the  scientific  work 
done  by  the  United  States  Department 
of  Agriculture  on  its  farm  at  Arling- 
ton. Va.,  were  exhibited  at  the  Col- 
iseum in  Chicago  on  the  occasion  of 
the  recent  American  Good  Road  Con- 
gress and  National  Good  Road  Show, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  American 
Road    Builders   Association. 

*  * 

The  Minneapolis  Chanters  of  the 
Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution 
gave  a  benefit  movie  show  for  the 
encouragement  of  patriotic  education- 
al work  at  the  Lagoon  theater  in  that 
city  recently. 

*  * 

"Alice  in  Wonderland"  was  given 
recently  in  Minneapolis  by  the  League 
of  Women  Voters  in  their  drive  for 
funds.     Mostly  children  were   present. 

*  * 

Dr.  Paul  B.  Magnusen,  an  ortho- 
pnerlic  specialist  of  Chicago,  recently 
exhibited  a  remarkable  series  of  films 
of  himself  performing  operations  on 
patients,  at  the  monthly  meeting  of 
the  Galesbury.  III.,  Medical  Society. 
He  also  showed  lantern  slides  of  op- 
erations. 

*  * 

"The  Red  Vioer",  an  Americaniza- 
tion and  anti-bolshevik  movie,  was 
screened  before  the  members  of  the 
Lincoln  club  at  Minneapolis.  The  pic- 
ture shows  the  workings  of  terrorists 
in  the  East,  and  how  Russian  news- 
boys thwarted  their  plans.  The  film 
is  said  to  have  the  endorsement  of 
Vice-President  CooHdge.  the  late  Theo- 
dore Roosevelt,  and  the  governors 
of   several   states. 

*  * 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Parent- 


Teachers  Association  in  Hibbing, 
Minn..  Mrs.  H.  S.  Sherman  spoke  on 
"Child  Culture  through  Motion  Pic- 
tures" and  C.  E.  Everett,  probation 
officer,  talked  on  "The  Influence  Mov- 
ies Have  on  Children". 

*  * 

"The  Palm  Fete"  at  Miami.  Florida, 
has  l>een  filmed  and  released  to  mo- 
tion  picture  theaters. 

Educational  reels  on  Samoa  and 
films  of  a  scientific  and  humorous 
character  were  shown  recently  at  the 
Congregational  Chapter  in  Brandon, 
Vt.     Miss  Carrie  Ormsby  gave  a  talk 

on   Samoa. 

*  * 

The  High  School  of  St.  Joseph, 
Mich.,  had  a  series  of  six  movie  shows, 
the  proceeds  from  which  were  used 
to  pay  for  a  projector.  Charles  Ray 
in  "The  Pinch  Hitter",  "Les  Mis- 
erables",  comedies,  and  films  on  his- 
tory, geography,  travel,  science,  and 
industry  were  used. 

*  * 

In  his  talk  to  the  members  of  the 
Cliicago  Woman's  Aid  Society  recently 
Prof.  William  F.  Russell,  dean  of  the 
College  of  Education,  IJniversity  of 
Iowa,  declared  that  the  Japanese  had 
been  more  ready  to  accept  visual 
equipment  for  teaching  of  their  school 
children  than  have  the  educational 
authorities  of  the  United  States. 

*  * 

The  pupils  of  St.  Stephen's  Sunday 
School   gave   a   picture   show   recently 

in    Racine,   Wis. 

*  * 

The  Kineto  picture  showing  how 
British  Boy  Scouts  captured  German 
spies  during  the  late  war  was  shown 
on  a  recent  Saturday  evening  at  the 
Methodist  Church  in  Wheaton,  III.  As 
a  result  of  seeing  the  picture  a  new 
scout   troop  w.'us   organized. 

*  * 

The  Immanuel  Lutheran  Education- 
al Society  gave  a  program  of  two  reels 
on  a  recent  Sunday  night  in  the  school 
auditorium   in    Milwaukee,   Wis. 

"Twenty-three-and-a-half  H  o  u  r  s' 
Leave",  the  Mary  Roberts  Rinehart 
story  in  five  reels,  was  recently  given 
by  the  Sunday  School  of  the  Neighbor- 
hood   Church    in    Pasadena,    Cal. 

*  * 

Policemen,  detectives,  and  news- 
paper men  were  guests  of  the  Division 
of  Social  Hygiene  of  the  Illinois  De- 
partment of  Public  Health  and  tlie 
United  States  Public  Health  Service 
at  a  special  showing  of  films  on  social 
diseases.  The  pictures  were  in  con- 
necHon  with  the  establishment  of  a 
local  clinic  in  Peoria.  III.,  for  the 
treatment    of    sucli    cases, 

A  recent  news  film  of  interest  to 
college  men  and  women  was  that 
made  by  Pathe  at  Northwestern 
University.  Evanston.  HI.  A  close-up 
of  President  Walter  Dill  Scott  appears 
in   the  film. 

*  * 

The  use  of  motion  pictures  on  a 
large  scale  is  under  consideration  by 
the  Association  of  Life  Agency  Of- 
ficers which  held  its  annual  meeting 
recently    in    Chicago. 

*  * 

The  Geographical  Feature  Film  Cor- 
poration of  Los  Angeles.  Cal.,  has  an- 
nounced that  it  will  produce  films  on 
geography,  zoology,  vegetation,  and 
kindred  subjects.  F.  G.  Huber  Is 
general  manager. 

*  * 

The  Presbyterian  Omrch  of  Tracy, 
Cal.,  has  been  using  the  Biblical  pic- 
tures of  the  International  Church 
Film  Corporation,  as  well  as  other 
productions.  The  program  includes 
1,  a  half  hour  devotional  singing  ser- 
vice, Bible  reading  and  prayer:  2,  a 
half  hour  of  motion  pictures  showing 
world  and  life  activities;  3,  another 
half  hour  of  pctures  portraying  Bib- 
lical stories  and  showing  the  needs 
and  work  of  the  church. 
■*  * 

The  High  School  of  Athens.  III.,  has 
a  new  movie  projector  and  is  showing 
entertainment  and  educational  films 
on   Tuesday  evenings. 

*  * 

The  Methodist  Church  of  Elkhorn, 
Wis.,  is  using  films  on  Sunday  even- 
ings in  connection  with  the  service 
and  during  the  week  for  church  en- 
tertainment  and   socials. 


Movies  of  the  fishing  industry  at  Ocon- 
to, Wis.,  have  been   made. 

*  * 

The  cinema  has  been  installed  in 
the  Victoria  School  of  Wellingborough, 
England,  for  teaching  purposes  and 
the  Northampton  Education  Commit- 
tee have  appropriated  funds  for  the 
up-keep  of  machine  and  films. 

*  * 

The  Minnesota  State  Department 
of  Immigration  is  using  motion  pic- 
tures in  Iowa  to  convey  information 
on  land  values  in  the  former  state. 
The  pictures  are  used  in  conjunction 
with  an  information  train  contain- 
ing exhibits  of  produce  from  northern 
Minnesota. 

*  * 

One  of  the  pioneers  in  Cinema  pho- 
tography died  recently  at  Asnieres, 
near  Paris,  France,  in  the  person  of 
Felicien  Trewey,  who  with  Lumiere 
perfected  and  showed  the  first  motion 
picture  in  England  in  1S96  at  the 
Polytechnic  in  London.  M.  Trewey 
was  also  renowned  as  a  magician  and 
inventor   of  magical   apparatus. 

*  * 

"From  the  Manger  to  the  Cross'* 
was  shown  on  a  recent  Sunday  even- 
ing at  the  First  Presbyterian  Church, 
Clinton,   Iowa. 

*  * 

Free  movie  matinees  for  children 
are  being  given  at  the  Old  Mill  Theater 
in  Dallas,  Texas,  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Teachers  Association  and 
Motherhood  Magazine.  "Great  Expec- 
tations" with  Jack  Pickford  as  Pip 
and  "Little  Red  Riding  Hood"  were 
on   a    recent  program. 

*  * 

Officials  of  the  Church  of  England 
have  under  consideration  the  showing 
of  motion  pictures  in  St.  Paul's  Cathe- 
dral in  London,  which  next  to  West- 
minster Abbey  is  one  of  the  most 
celebrated  churches  in  all  Europe.  If 
they  decide  favorably  the  pictures 
exhibited  will  be  of  a  sacred  char- 
acter and  used  in  conjunction  with 
church   services. 

*  * 

A  film  describinff  Mt.  Ranier  Na- 
tional Park  was  screened  at  the  Divi- 
sion Street  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  Chicago 
through  the  courtesy  of  the  Education 
Bureau,  Passenger  Department.  Chica- 
go,  Milwaukee  &   St.  Paul   Railway. 

Movies  taken  d"-inff  the  war  on 
board  German  submarines  were  shown 
the  members  of  'he  North  End  Men's 
Club  at  Lincolnwood  School,  Evanston, 
III.,  recently.  The  pictures  were  also 
fhown  to  000  members  of  the  Union 
League   Club   in    Cliicago. 

The  riiurch  of  tlie  Redeemer.  Minne- 
apolis, had  "The  Stream  of  Life"  run 
off  nn  a  recent  Sunday  evening.  The 
purchase  of  new  motion  picture  equip- 
ment has  been    decided   on. 

*  * 

Under  the  direction  of  W.  W.  Sul- 
livan of  the  extension  department. 
University  of  Kansas,  pupils  in  the 
Americanization  classes  in  the  public 
schools  of  Kansas  City.  Kansas,  have 
been  studying  motion  pictures. 

*  * 

"The  Cinderella  Man"  was  recently 
shown  at  the  West  Riverside  School. 
Jacksonville,  Fla..  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Parent-Teachers  Association, 
the  proceeds  to  be  devoted  to  child 
welfare  work. 

*  * 

Pupils  of  the  public  schools  of  Cin- 
cinnati are  s-hidying  the  various  in- 
dustries on  the  motion  picture  screen. 
They  are  also  visiting  industrial  plants 
in   small   groups. 

The  Methodist  Church  of  DeKalb, 
in.,  showed  bird  and  animal  movies 
recently,  for  the  benefit  of  children 
of  the  community. 

*  * 

The  Idaho  Y.  M.  C.  A.  is  making 
good  use  of  educational  films  supplied 
by  the  extension  division  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Oregon,  diaries  W.  Koyl 
is    in    charge    of   the    V*s    movie   work 

at  Fayette,  Idaho. 

*  * 

"From  Prison  to  Prime  Minister". 
scenes  in  the  life  of  Joseph,  was  a 
film  recently  enjoyed  by  the  congre- 
gation of  the  Fi  rst  Congregational 
Church.  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  in  con- 
junction with  the  Sunday  evening  ser- 


vice.   The  pastor  spoke  on  the  subject. 

*  * 

Mabel  Normand  in  "Jinks"  and  a 
comedy  "Four. Times  Foiled'*  made  up 
the  program  at  the  Pryor  Street 
School,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  recently,  undeV 
the  direction  of  the  Parent-Teachera 
Association.  The  admission  for  chll* 
d  ren  was  1 0  cents,  adults  1 5  cents. 
The  funds  go  into  the  school  treasury. 

*  * 

Dr.  O.  H.  Oieek,  Georgia  Health 
Commissioner,  is  showing  health  films 
to  children  and  adults  in  the  schools 
of   Laurens   County,   in  that  state. 

*  * 

Movies  for  kiddies  are  being  given 
every  other  Saturday  afternoon  at 
Washington  Irving  High  School,  New 
York  City,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Department  of  Lectures  and  Visual 
Instruction,  Board  of  Education, 
Two  thousand  public  school  pupils 
attend. 

*  * 

"When  Women  Work"  was  shown 
on  a  recent  Sunday  afternoon  at  a 
meeting  of  the  Women's  Trade  Union 
League  of  Chicago. 

*  * 

The  School  League  of  Phoebus,  Va., 
ran  ofl'  several  welfare  reels  in  the 
local    playhouse    recently. 

*  * 

Lawrence  D.  Kitchell.  of  the  Nor- 
thern Railway  Company  of  Los  An- 
geles, gave  a  lecture  on  "The  Glacier 
National  Park",  illustrated  with  mo- 
tion nictures.  at  the  Mission  Inn, 
Riverside,    Cal. 

*  * 

Henry  C.  Oppenheimer,  a  former  p»- 
t  lent  at  the  Bridgeport  Hospital, 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  in  gratitude  for 
the  treatment  and  attention  he  re- 
ceived at  this  institution,  donated  to 
the  directors  complete  motion  picture 
equipment  and  movies  are  being 
shown  to  the  patients  every  Friday 
evening. 

*  * 

Farmington,  Conn.,  is  giving  com- 
munity movies  every  Wednesday  night 
in  the  Town  Hall.  Recently  the  pro- 
gram consisted  of  "The  Mutiny  of 
the  Elsinore",  a  Buster  Keaton  com- 
edy, and  a  travelog  in  color.  Win- 
chell  Smith,  the  playwright,  is  one  of 
the    leading   spirits    in    the   movement. 

*  * 

Richard  Barrows,  special  commercial 
commissioner  for  the  Chilean  govern- 
ment in  the  United  States,  exhibited 
motion  pictures  of  Chilean  life  in  the 
Wheeler  Auditorium,  Berkley,  Cal., 
early   in    February. 

*  * 

Movies  form  an  important  part  of 
the  work  of  the  Methodist  Church. 
Rochelle,  Ind.  On  Monday  evening 
recently  two  reels,  one  a  comedy,  the 
other  a  drama,  were  r-creened.  and 
at  the  Epworth  League  meeting  on 
Sunday  evening  200  people  saw  a  film 
entitled  "The  Conversion  of  John 
Bunyan." 

*  * 

A  D.  W.  Griffith  production  "The 
Mother  and  the  Law"  was  shown  on 
a  recent  Sunday  evening  at  the  Meth- 
odist  Cliurch,   Kaukauna,   Wis. 

*  * 

The  senior  class  of  Hampshire 
Township  High  School,  Hampshire, 
III.,  presented  "The  Poor  Little  Rich 
Girl",  starring  Mary  Pickford,  at  a 
local   hall. 

Movies  for  the  Burmese!  That  Is 
the  i<lea  of  Rev.  Ray  F.  Spear,  of  Col- 
man,  S.  D.,  who  is  on  his  way  to 
Rangoon,  Burma,  as  a  missionary  of 
the  Methodist  Eniscopal  Church.  He 
nurchased  a  motion  picture  projector 
in   Chicago  on  his   way   East. 

*  * 

Visual  education  played  an  actir* 
part  at  the  recent  three-day  state 
convention  of  the  Oklahoma  Educa- 
tional Association  held  in  Oklahoma 
City. 

Films  showing  the  worlt  of  army 
engineer  units  in  France  were  shown 
recently  in  Engineering  Hall  at  th» 
University  in  Champaign,  111. 

*  * 

Motion  picture  lectures  on  personal 
hygiene  are  being  given  by  medical 
officers  in  the  army  camps  of  the  stat* 
of  Washington. 


27 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


I'liul  J.  Rainey's  "Heart  of  the  Af- 
rican Junf^le"  was  sliown  for  seven 
days  durinf;  February  in  tlie  auditor- 
ium of  tlie  Main  Avenue  Hipli  Scliool. 
San  Antonio.  Texas,  for  tlie  l>enent 
of  tlie  3,300,000  starving  cliiidren  of 
Europe.  Tiie  admission  price  was  28 
cents  wliicii  included  3  cents  war  tax. 

*  ♦ 

Score  another  bull's  eye  for  the 
movies!  .St.  Stnnislau's  Qiurch  of 
Stevens  Point.  Wis.,  cleared  more 
tlran  JHOO  by  sliowinpr  "From  the  Man- 
ger to  the  Cro-ss"  at  the  Majestic  Thea- 
ter in  that  city.  Tlie  money  ^oes 
towartl  the  erection  of  a  new  school 
bulldini;. 

*  * 

Evan  J.  Ross,  principal  of  Joseph 
Howe  School  of  Halifax,  N.  S..  Can- 
ada, has  introduced  motion  pictures 
as  part  of  the  curriculum. 

*  * 

Rev.  Robert  Nelson  has  been  show- 
ing social  hygiene  films  recently  in 
the  theaters  of  Petersburg  and  other 
Virginia  cities  and  delivering  lectures 
on   the   subject. 

*  * 

At  a  recent  showing  of  movies  by 
the  V,  M.  C.  A.  l)oys'  department  at 
Cedar  Rai^ids.  Iowa,  pictures  of  Nor- 
way and  Sweden  and  a  visit  to  Minne- 
apolis   were    on     the    program.      The 

boys'  orchestra  furnished  the  music. 

*  * 

Mrs.  R.  B.  Gregory  of  Chicago  used 
motion  pictures  in  connection  with 
her  lecture  on  India  in  St.  Paul's 
Oiurch,  Peoria.  III. 

*  * 

The  First  Presb>-terian  Church,  Hel- 
ena, Mont.,  of  which  Rev.  N.  H.  Bur- 
dlck  is  pa.stor.  has  purchased  a  mo- 
tion picture  projector  in  order  that 
It  may  use  the  film  service  of  the 
International  Oiurch  Film  Corpora- 
tion. 

*  * 

The  activities  of  local  Y.  M.  C.  A's 
In  Gary,  Ind.,  Daj'ton,  Ohio.,  Aurora, 
III.,  and  other  cities  in  the  middle 
west  have  been  filmed  by  an  indus- 
trial  motion   picture  concern. 


Kcii'iit  (ilm^,  shown  by  tlie  Methodist 
Cimnli  of  Delavan,  Wis.,  were  "The 
I(<ill()m  of  the  World".  "The  White 
lli'iitlier".  "String  Beans"  .starring 
(h;iiUs  Kay.  "Oilier  Men's  Shoes". 
"Tlie  Panama  Canal"  and  "Flight  of 
Uie   Ni-4   Across  the  Atlantic". 

*  ■        * 

A  six  reel  film  of  activities  at  the 
Tiilierculosis  Sanitarium  and  Super- 
annuated Home  of  the  International 
Printing  Pressmen  and  A.ssistants 
I'nion  of  North  America,  which  is  lo- 
latcil  at  Pres.smen's  Home,  Tenn.,  w.i.s 
sliown  lately  at  the  Labor  Temple, 
Atlanta,    Ga. 

*  * 

The    First    M.  E.    Church    of    Blue 

Island,     HI.,     is  showing    community 
movies. 

*  * 

Movies  are  being  used  in  connection 
witli  tlic  drive  of  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal Cliurch,  South,  to  raise  135,- 
000,000    for    educational   purposes. 

The  Methodist  Oiurch  of  Planking- 
ton,  S.  D.,  .screened  "The  Man  With- 
out a  Country"  in  six  reels  on  a  re- 
cent Tuesday  evening.  A  free-will 
offering  was  taken  to  defray  expenses. 

*  * 

"The  Serpent's  Tooth"  and  a  Pic- 
tograph  were  shown  on  a  recent  Fri- 
day afternoon  to  the  students  in  the 
a.ssembly  hall  of  the  John  Muir 
School,    Pasadena,    Cal. 

*  * 

"How  Life  Begins"  was  shown  at 
the  High  School  in  Vassar,  Mich., 
early  in  January  in  connection  with 
a  health  campaign  of  the  'Tuscola 
County  Red  Cross  in  cooperation  witli 
the  State  Department  of   Health. 

*  * 

"By  Their  Fruits"  and  "The  Good 
Samaritan"  were  screened  recently  at 
the  First  Presbyterian  Church,  O.sh- 
kosh  Wis.  Rev.  J.  W.  McLaughlin 
delivered  a  sermon  on  "What  Is 
Worth  While?" 

*  * 

The  Churchwomen's  Club,  composed 
of  women  from  the  Episcopal  churches 


of  Missouri,  gave  four  Saturday  after- 
noon movie  shows  recently,  the  pro- 
ceeds to  be  used  for  relief  work  among 
the  poor  children  of  Episcopal  mis- 
sions. ■  The  shows  were  given  in  the 
Delmar  Theater  and  the  price  of  a 
season's  ticket   was   one   dollar. 

*  * 

"Little  Red  Riding  Hood  "  was 
sliown  to  primary  grade  pupils  at 
Central  High  School,  Oklahoma  City, 
Okla.,  on  a  recent  Saturday  afternoon. 

*  * 

In  order  to  give  a  lesson  in  care- 
fulness to  its  members  the  safety  first 
committee  of  the  Sliiawa.ssee  Auto 
Club  of  Owosso,  Mich.,  showed  Safety 
First  films  on  a  Sunday  afternoon;  and 
evening    recently. 

"The  Problems  of  Pin  Hole  Parish" 
was  made  a  special  program  at  the 
Presbyterian  Cliurch  of  DePere,  Wis., 
on  a  recent  Sunday  evening. 

The  growth  of  plant  and  animal 
life  and  a  film  showing  tlie  m.anufac- 
ture  of  Uneeda  Biscuit  were  used  on 
a  recent  program  of  the  Community 
Picture  Show  in  Bloomington,  111.,  at 
the  State  Normal  University.  Music 
was    interspersed    between    the    reels. 

Social  hygiene  films  were  shown  to 
the  members  of  Kiwanis  Club,  Tiunpa, 
Fla.,    at    their    weekly    luncheon. 

*  * 

A  state  health  film  was  shown  at 
the  Lyceum,  Deer  River,  Minn.,  re- 
cently. *  * 

Movies  attracted  a  large  crowd  on 
a  recent  Sunday  evening  at  the  Meth- 
odist Church,  Sadorus,   111. 

*  * 

"In  the  Days  of  St.  P.atrick".  a  six 
reel  biographic  film  depicting  the  life 
of  St.  Patrick,  was  exhibiteii  at  St. 
Francis  Parish  Hall,  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
on  a  recent  Sunday  afternoon  and 
evening  and  was  well   received. 

"Billy  and  The  Big  Stick"  was  the 
movie  seen  at  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Beloit, 
Wis.     Orchestral   music  was  provided. 


A  film  showing  activities  in  a  mod- 
ern newspaper  plant  was  recently 
screened  at  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Spring- 
field, 111. 

*  * 

Oral  health  work  among  children 
was  demonstrated  liy  lecture  and  mo- 
tion picture  to  the  Minnesota  State 
Dental  Association  at  a  recent  meeting 
in  St.  Paul,   Minn. 

*  * 

"Satan's  Scheme'  in  seven  reels  was 
shown  on  a  recent  Sund.-iy  evening 
by  Rev.  Dr.  J.  Morri.ston  'Thomas  at 
the  Ravenswood  Congregational 
Cliurch,  Cliicago,  III.  On  a  previous 
Sunday  "From  the  Manger  to  the 
Cross"  was  screened. 

*  * 

A  one  reeler  has  been  made  at  the 
Battle  Creek,  Mich..  Sanitarium.  It 
portrays  the  activities  of  students  in 
three  schools — The  Training  School  for 
Nurses,  School  of  Home  Economics, 
and  the  Normal  School  of  Physical 
Education. 

*  * 

A  recent  program  at  the  Johnson 
School,  Lexington,  Ky.,  consisted  of 
a  reel  on  the  New  York  Zoo,  the  cut  • 
glass  industry,  a  comedy  "Bobby 
Bumps  at  the  Dentist's",  arid  a  Baby 
Osborne  story. 

In.structional  films  have  been  used 
on  the  new  projector  presented  to  the 
puDlic  schools  of  StojkpT-t,  'owa  by 
the  class  of    1921. 

*  * 

Rev.  Dr.  C.  M.  Stuart,  president  of 
Garret  Biblical  Institute,  is  chairman 
of  a  committee  on  the  use  of  motion 
pictures  in  the  Sunday  Schools  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  Official 
approval  of  their  use  has  been  given 
by  this  great  church  organization. 

*  * 

By  obtaining  subscriptions  to  The 
Country  Gentleman  the  citizens  of 
Elkhart  Township.  Wawaka,  Ind., 
have  secured  a  motion  picture  projec- 
tor for  the  North  School  of  that  dis- 
trict. 


the  Seven  Seas! 

"America's 
Merchant 
Marine" 

A  fascinating  and  entertaining  presentation  of  a  subject  that  is  of  the  utmost 
importance  to  every  loyal  citizen.  This  three-reel,  straight  educational 
motion  picture,  depicting  the  romance  of  the  sea,  the  past  and  present  of 
the  American  Merchant  Marine  and  its  glorious  future,  is  now  available 
for  non-theatrical  showings. 

"America's  Merchant  Marine"  belongs  to  the  whole  people — produced  en- 
tirely in  the  people's  interest,  and  for  their  entertainment  and  instruction. 

Please  address  inquiries  to — 


Chas.  Raymond  Thomas,  Inc. 

DhtrilniloTH  for  Edurnlioiiol  Dejit.  V.  S.  Shipj>w(j  Board,  Wtishhujlon,  /).  C. 

347  Fifth  Avenue — New  York 


28 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


The  First  M.  E.  Qiurch  of  Paris, 
III.,  has  purchased  a  movie  projector 
mainly  for  llie  purpose  of  grappling 
with  the  boy  problem. 

The  sum  of  1491  has  been  appro- 
>priated  by  the  Irvington  Home  and 
.School  League,  Newark,  N.  J.,  for  the 
purchase  of  a  movie  projector.  Films 
of  an  industrial,  educational,  and 
^^ricultural  nature,  also  entertain- 
ment programs,  are  being  regularly 
sliown  in  the  Irvington   schools. 

*  * 

I  Rev.  Dr.  Elijah  A.  Hanley.  pastor 
I  of  First  Baptist  Cliurch,  RtKliester, 
IN.  Y.,  in  a  recent  sermon  on  "Oiil- 
idren"  said  "the  screen  emphasizes 
Ithe  physical  side  of  marriage  to  such 
an  extent  that  the  sanctity  of  mar- 
iital  relations  is  lost".  He  said  that 
most  of  the  movies  are  lacking  in 
spiritual  appe;»l  and  that  parents 
should  be  careful  to  select  only  the 
ikind  of  picture  which  is  tit  for  their 
icbildren   to  see. 

I  The  public  school  teachers  of  Grand 
I  Rapids,  Mich.,  attended  a  special 
showing  of  "The  Ljist  of  tlie  Mohi- 
cans" at  the  Majestic  Gardens  in  that 
;city.  The  teachers  were  asked  if  the 
[film  was  of  any  value  to  children. 
Their  answers  have  not  been  recorded. 
1  *  * 

I     Five  reels   describing  Jewish   life   in 

!  Palestine  were  used  by  Dr.  A.  A. 
Freedlander    of    Chicago    who    spoke 

:at  a  recent  Zionist  meeting  at  Men- 
delssohn   Hall,    Rockford,    111. 

I  *  * 

{  A  three  reel  film  "Foot  Folly",  pro- 
duced by  Carlyle  Ellis  for  the   Y.  W. 

■  C.  A.,  was  recently  shown  in  Pitts- 
burg, Kan.,  under  the  auspices  of  the 

■Normal  Y.  W.  C.  A,    and  the  Women's 

^  Athletic   Association. 

*  * 

;  At  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Sunday  After- 
'noon  Club.  Evanston.  111.,  Sam  Atkin- 
:son,  president  of  the  Allied  Amuse- 
ment Association,  spoke  on  "Service 
and  the  Labor  Problem"  and  illus- 
trated his  talk  with  the  feature  pic- 
}ture    "The    World    Aflame". 

!  A  plea  for  the  wider  use  of  motion 
!  pictures  in  the  schools  as  an  incentive 


to  reading  was  made  by  Inspector 
of  Public  Schools  Dowsley  of  Brock- 
ville,    Ontario,   Canada. 

*  * 

The  Y.  M.  C.  A.  of  Springfield, 
Mo.,  has  loaned  its  portable  projector 
to  the  P>'thian  Home  and  other  local 
institutions  to  show  entertainment  and 
educational  films. 

*  * 

At  the  New  Year's  service  at  First 
Presbyterian  Cliurch,  Flint,  Mich., 
Rev.  George  Emerson  Barnes  illus- 
trated his  sennon  with  a  film  called 
"The  Earth  and  the  Worlds   Beyond". 

*  * 

Under  the  auspices  of  the  Berrien 
County  Red  Cross,  with  local  churches 
cooperating,  the  well  known  biological 
film  "How  Life  Begins"  was  shown 
on  a  recent  Sunday  evening  at  the 
town  hall,   Berrien   Springs,   Mich. 

*  * 

Movies  were  used  in  conjunction 
with  church  services  and  Sunday 
school  w-ork  by  Rev.  Frank  Tucker, 
pastor  of  Fifth  Street  Methodist 
Church,   St.   Charles,   Mo. 

*  * 

Dr.  J.  H.  Worst,  head  of  the  state 
emigration  department  of  North  Da- 
kota, has  fifteen  films  embodying  va- 
rious activities  of  the  State  which  he 
lends  to  institutions  and  organiza- 
tions. 


At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Jackson 
County  Medical  Society  at  Murphys- 
boro.  111.,  films  describing  different 
diseases  of  the  body  were  exhibited 
to  the  members. 

*  * 

"The  Chosen  Prince",  a  picturization 
of  the  Biblical  story  of  David  and 
Jonathan,  was  presented  on  a  recent 
Wednesday  evening  in  Ottawa,  111., 
under  the  auspices  of  the  First  Con- 
gregational Cliurch  Sunday  School. 

"The  Bottom  of  the  World",  des- 
cribing Sir  Ernest  Shackleton's  Ant- 
arctic Expedition,  was  screened  re- 
cently at  the  Second  Presbyterian 
Cmrch,  Patterson,  N.  J.,  for  the  school 
children   of  the  city. 


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29 


"What  Henry  Ford  Is  Doing  In  Dear- 
born" WHS  shown  in  the  liigh  school  audi- 
torium at  Howell,  Micliigan,  a  few  weeks 
ago.  The  film  deals  with  Detroit's  new- 
est and  largest  industrial  development. 

Eight  hundred  Baltimoreans  were  guests 
of  the  Seitz  Auto  Company  at  Montfaucon 
Hall.  'I'he  party  was  entertained  by  a 
movie  showing  the  process  of  automobile 
manufacture. 

"The  Story  of  Petroleum,"  a  United 
States  Government  film  loaned  to  tlie  Utah 
Oil  Refining  Company,  was  shown  recently 
at  the  Paramount-Empress  Theater,  Salt 
Lake  City.  The  picture  covers  various 
stages  from  the  oil  well  to  the  refinery. 

"Modern  clergymen  are  friendly  to  the 
theater,"  declared  Rev.  Dr.  Daviil  Hugh 
Jones,  pastor  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church,  Evanston,  111.,  to  the  Sunday 
Evening  Club  of  that  city.  Dr.  Jones 
says  "Humoresque"  is  the  most  appealing 
photoplay  he  has  ever  seen. 

In  connection  with  "Health  Week,"  In 
Elgin,  111.,  November  1  to  6,  during  the 
meeting  of  the  Nurses'  Council  of  that 
city  a  health  film  was  shown  all  week  at  a 
local  theater.  Health  talks  were  given  in 
the  public  schools. 

The  Committee  of  Patients  at  the  Sara- 
toga County  Sanatorium  of  Schenectady, 
N.  Y.,  are  appealing  for  contributions  to 
enable  them  to  continue  showing  movies  to 
the  inmates  every  Saturday  night. 
Through  a  previous  campaign  enough 
money  was  contributed  to  buy  a  projector 
and  booth  and  rent  a  live  reel  feature, 
one  reel  comedy  and  one  reel  scenic  weekly. 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 

Paris  cinemas  liave  been  paid  25,000 
francs  for  screening  the  new  "loan  film"  of 
the  French  government  pointing  out  the 
advantages  of  the  6  per  cent  bond  issue, 
and  the  Paris  Matin  has  offered  prizes  of 
150,000  francs  in  connection  with  the  "loan 
film"  competition. 

Four  films  of  the  U.  S.  Department  of 
Agriculture — "The  Work  of  the  Forest 
Ranger,"  "Lumbering,"  "Reforestation  on 
the  National  Forests,"  and  "Grazing  on  the 
National  Forests" — have  been  received  by 
the  forest  service  offices  at  Portland, 
Oregon,  and  are  available  to  any  organ- 
ization having  motion  picture  equipment 
provided  no  admission  charge  is  made. 

The  Junior  Cinema  Club  is  giving  a 
series  of  Friday  afternoon  and  Saturday 
morning  film  entertainments  at  the 
Broadhurst  Theater,  West  44th  Street, 
New  York  City.  The  first  program  shown 
December  3  and  4  consisted  of  a  travelog 
on  Japan,  "Chumming  with  Chipmunks,"  a 
Bray  cartoon  and  the  Famous  Players 
production  of  Robert  Louis  Stevenson's 
"Treasure  Island,"  directed  by  Maurice 
Tourneur.  Douglas  Fairbanks  in  "The 
Mollycoddle"  was  given  the  following  week. 
The  admission  charge  was  a  dollar  and  the 
attendance  seemed  to  be  confined  to  chil- 
dren of  well-to-do  families. 

"Every  Woman's  Problem,"  a  Red  Cross 
film,  was  sliown  at  the  Star  Theater  in 
Lincoln,  111.,  recently.  It  tells  the  story 
of  a  woman  who  did  not  know  how  to  care 
for  her  sick  aunt,  and  the  picture  points 
out  the  solution. 


Children's  motion  picture  shows,  unc 
the  auspices  of  the  Service  League  of  t 
Connecticut  College  for  Women  in  Ni 
London,  have  bcgim  again.  "Treast 
Island"  was  shown  to  about  450  boys  a 
girls  with  singing  between  parts  of  t 
program  led  by  college  girls.  A I  t 
second  entertainment  there  were  650  ch 
dren  present,  with  supervised  games  1 
fore  the  doors  were  open,  and  fairy  taJ 
told   between   the   reels. 

A  regular  Tuesday  night  communi 
program  was  on  view  at  the  Oaklar 
California,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  The  entertainme 
consisted  of  educational  and  comedy  p; 
tures. 

Movies  of  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  Blue  Her 
summer  camp,  made  by  the  Juanita  Fi 
Company,  were  run  recently  at  the  Strai 
Theater  in  Tampa,  Florida.  The  campe 
are  shown  at  flag  raising  and  outdo 
sports  are  featured. 

"No  pulpit  is  so  effective  as,  or  reach 
a  larger  congregation,  continuously  ths 
the  pulpit  of  the  motion  picture  screei 
declared  Rev.  Dr.  Lincoln  Caswell,  past 
of  the  Crawford  Memorial  Church.  N« 
York  City. 

The  Cincinnati  Council  for  Better  M 
tion  Pictures  has  as  its  aim  Satiirdi 
morning  movie  matinees  for  school  ch 
dren  and  Saturday  night  movie  parti 
for  families.  Slapstick  comedies  are 
be  taboo. 


PREACHERS  are  DELIGHTED 

WITH  OUR  GREAT  RELIGIOUS  PICTURES 

SATAN'S  SCHEME 
A  dramatization  of  Optimism 

THE  GREAT  MIRACLE 
A  tremendous  sermon  on  Immortality 

THE  PROBLEMS  OF  PIN-HOLE  PARISH 
A  wonderful  Missionary  sermon 

AFTER  THE  FALL 

LITTLE  JIMMY'S  PRAYER  and 

Our  "SCREEN  SEKMONETTES" 

These  present  the  Gospel  on  the  screen. 


Educators  Say 

No  better  Educational  film  has  been  made  than 

EDUCATION 

A  pageant  showing  the  progress  of  Elducation  in  all  ages 
and  nations 


CHILDREN 

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EVERYONE 

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relixious,    ethical    and    entertainment    films. 

/vft  M.s  iiolvo  your  film  problorm. 

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ORK 


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THE  PROBLEMS 

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AMERICAN    GIRL 

IN     INDUSTRY 

Engagingly     Presented 

in   a   Two-Reel    Human 

Document. 


Made  for  the 

Women's  Bureau, 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  Labor 


Carlyle  Ellis 

71  West  23rd  St. 
New  York 


30 


The  Presbyterian  Church  of  Three 
Rivers,  Mich.,  has  purchased  a  standard 
motion  picture  projection  niacliine,  fire- 
proof bootli,  and  screen  for  use  in  the 
church  auditorium.  Good  films  will  be 
shown  evenings  during  the  week  and  on 
Sundays. 

The  North  Shore  Hotel  of  Evanston,  111., 
believes  in  keeping  its  guests  in  a  happy 
frame  of  min(i  and  on  a  recent  Friday 
evening  screened  Constance  Binney  in 
"39  East,"  a  Christie  comedy,  and  "A 
Trip  to  Monte  Carlo."  The  guests  ob- 
tained their  admission  tickets  from  the 
hotel  numagcr. 

During  the  week  of  December  6, 
35,000  members  of  the  Peter  Rabbit  Club 
were  invited  to  attend  the  third  big  movie 
jubilee  arranged  for  them  by  the  Cliicago 
Evening  American  at  .  Barbee's  Loop 
Theater  in  that  city.  The  show  began 
each  morning  at  H  o'clock  and  continued 
without  interruption  until  6  p.  ra.  Two 
feature  pictures  shown  were:  Johnny 
Jones  in  "Edgar,  the  Explorer,"  and 
Mabel  Normand  in  "What  Happened  To 
Rosa."  Refreshments  and  souvenirs 
were  given  to  each  of  the  boys  and  girls. 

The  good  church  folk  of  Springfield,  111., 
were  agreeably  surprised  on  a  recent  eve- 
ning at  the  First  Christian  Church  in  that 
i  city  by  a  remarkable  showing  of  Bible 
movies  under  the  auspices  of  the  Interna- 
tional Church  Film  Corporation  of  Illinois. 
Among  tlie  films  shown  were  "The  Ninety 
and  Nine,"  "The  Child  Samuel,"  "How  the 
Great  Guest  Came,"  "David  and  Goliath," 
"The  Lord  Is  My  Shepherd,"  "Blind  Bar- 
timaeus,"  "The  Widow's  Might,"  and 
"Luther." 


Motion  pictures  of  the  street  cleaning 
force  and  equipment  of  Akron,  Ohio,  to- 
gether with  suggestions  for  keeping  tlie 
streets  clean,  were  shown  in  local  theaters 
as  part  of  the  clean-up  drive  of  H.  R. 
Russell,  superintendent  of  the  street  clean- 
ing department  of  that  city.  The  film  Is 
said  to  have  occupied  several  months  in 
the  making. 

Louis  William  Chaude  of  Los  Angeles 
has  been  giving  private  showing.s  of 
films  which  he  produceil  for  tlie  American 
Indian  Film  Company  of  Denver,  Colo. 
He  is  synchronizing  music  and  pictures, 
using  as  a  basis  for  some  of  his  work 
Cadman's  Songs.  Mrs.  Cliaude  was  for- 
merly a  member  of  the  faculty  of  Maclean 
College  of  Music,  Dramatic  and  Speech 
Arts. 


2   Special  Offers: 

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6  mos.  $  .50   Magazine   3  mos.  $  .2.5 
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1217  Aeolian  Hall,  New  York  City. 


Have  you  read  about  our  Loose-Leaf 
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cash.  Slate  number  of  subjects,  condition 
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DANIEL  J.  GOFF,  Film  Broker 
3159  Indiana  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


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Offer  a  complete  service  in  the  production  of  Educational 
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Edited  by  Lieut.  Carl  L.  Gregory,  F.  R. 
P.  S.,  Chief  Instructor  in  Cinematography 
for  the  Government  Signal  Corps  School 
of  Photography,  at  Columbia  University, 
with  special  chapters  by  Charles  W.  Hoff- 
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We  will  give  your  institution  or  organization 


ABSOLUTELY    FREE 

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(ANY  MAKE  YOU  SELECT) 

as  a  premium  for  obtaining  for  us  group  subscriptions  to  Educational  Film 
Magazine  and  to  our  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service,  at  our  reg- 
ular rates. 


Write  us  for  full  particulars  of 

THIS   ASTOUNDING   OFFER 

and  we  will  show  you  how  easily  your  local  school,  church,  club,  hall,  factory, 
etc.,  may  possess  a  fine  new  motion  picture  projection  machine  without  spending 
one  cent. 

When  writing  us  state  which  make  of  projector  you  are  interested  in  getting.  Write 
us  today. 

Subscription  Department 

EDUCATIONAL   FILM    MAGAZINE 

31  WEST  42nd  STREET  NEW  YORK  CITY 


32 


Safety  in  Portable  Projection 

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Safe — every  foot  of  it— and  the  film  tnat  is 
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These  words  are  stencilled  in  the  film  margin  at 
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Furnished  in  two  widths.  Professional  Standard, 
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ledge." 

Obtainable  as  follows: 


1.  Movie  Chats 

In  one  reel,  from  3  to  20  subjects,  likt 
an  illustrated  lecture. 

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In  one  reel,  devoted  to  one  subject  of 
history,  geography,  the  arts  of  all 
countries  and  many  other  interna- 
tional subjects. 

3.  World  Travel 

One  reel  tours  to  every  land  where 
men  have  traveled. 


i.  Science  Series 

Averaging  300  foot  lengths  of  many 
scientific  subjects,  three  subjects  to 
the  reel. 


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EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 
MAGAZINE 

The  Ititernatioual  Authority  of  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 


What  Make  of  Movie  Projector 
Would  You  Like  FREE? 

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service,  on  page  32 


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ABSOLUTELY    FREE 

A  New 
Motion  Picture  Projector 

(ANY  MAKE  YOU  SELECT) 


as  a  premium  for  obtaining  for  us  group  subscriptions  to  Educational  Film 
Magazine  and  to  our  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service,  at  our  reg- 
ular rates. 

Write  us  for  full  particulars  of 

THIS   ASTOUNDING   OFFER 

and  we  will  show  you  how  easily  your  local  school,  church,  club,  hall,  factory, 
etc.,  may  possess  a  fine  new  motion  picture  projection  machine  without  spending 
one  cent. 

When  writing  us  state  which  make  of  projector  you  are  interested  in  getting.  Write 
us  today. 

Subscription  Department 

EDUCATIONAL    FILM    MAGAZINE 

31  WEST  42ND  STREET  NEW  YORK  CITY 


PulilUliPfl  mniillily  hy  Diilph  Knxtiniin  iil  White  Plninii,  N.  Y..  nnd  i»  Wc«t  4Snd  Street  (Acolinn  Unll).  New  York  City.  (Address  nil  rommiiiiiniliiins  to  N.  V 
City  olBcet").  Sul)«<'ripllnn ;  V.  S.  and  roxsessloiis,  fl  a  year;  other  omntrien,  $2  a  year;  single  copies,  15  cents.  Entcreif  ns  second  class  mutter  IH-ccmher  5,  lltao 
■t  the  poft  office  at  White  Plains.  N.  Y.,  under  tlic  Act  or  .March  >.  lH7g.    Copyrlxht  I  Kit  by  l>olpli  Knstman. 


ROBERTSON-COLE 

Schools,  Cnurcnes,  Secular  Societies  ana 
Institutions  of  all  Sorts  Can  Prepare  Motion 
Picture  Programs  RicK  in  Educational  and 
Entertainment  Value  b})  Using  Any  of  tne 
Following   Robertson-Cole    Subjects: 


CANNIBALS  OF  THE  SOUTH  SEAS  (in  5  R-is) 
CAPTURED  BY  CANNIBALS  (in  5  ReeU) 

Filmed    by    Martin    Johnson,    Famous    Explorer,    First    to    Photograph    the    Savages    of    the    Pacific 

Incomparable  for  Educational  Values 

MARTIN  JOHNSON'S   "On  tKe  Borderland  of  Civilization" 
One  Reel  Subjects — They  Tell  the  Story  of  the  South  Seas  in  Picture* 

THE  BRENTWOOD  SERIES 

Each  a  Clean,  Wholesome,  Entertaining  Story  in  Five  Reels 

"THE  BOTTOM  OF  THE  WORLD" 

Sir  Ernest  Shackleton's  thrilling  attempt  to  cross  the  South  Pole 

13  ONE  REEL  ADVENTURE  SCENICS 

The  Finest  in  the  World 


Obtainable  at  any  of  these  ROBERTSON-COLE  Exchanges: 


7J3  Broadway 

14g    Marietta   St. 

39  Church  St. 

lis  Franklin  St. 

Consumers   Bldg. 


ALBANY 

ATLANTA 

BOSTON 

BUFFALO 

CHICAGO 

aNQNNATI 

Broadway  Film   BIdg. 
(Pioneer  St.  &  Bway.) 
CLEVELAND 

750    Prospect    Ave. 
DALLAS  ISOT  Main  St. 

DENVER  1714  Welton  St. 

DETROIT      Eliz.  &  John  R.  Sts. 


INDIANAPOLIS 

11    W.    Maryland    St. 
KANSAS    QTY 

Ozark  Building  (928  Main  St.) 
LOS  ANGELES  825  S.  Olive  St. 
MILWAUKEE 

301    Enterprise   Bide. 
MINNEAPOLIS 

309   Loeb  Arcade   BIdg. 
NEW     ORLEANS 

816    Perdido    St. 
NEW  YORK  1800  Bro;idwiiy 

OKLAHOMA    OTY 

7  S.  Walker  St.,   Box   978 


OMaHA               1308  Famum  St. 

PHILADELPHIA 

1219   Vine  St. 
PITTSBURGH 

121    Fourth  Ave. 

SAN  FRANOSCO 

177  Golden  Gate 

Ave. 

ST.  LOUIS 

3623  Washington 

Ave. 

SEATTLE             1933  Third 

Ave. 

SALT   LAKE   QTY 

12   Post    Office    PI. 

WASHINGTON 

916    "G"    St.,    N 

W. 

Robertson-Cole 


Paramount  Pictures  Available 
for  Non -Theatrical  Exhibition 

The  need  for  the  right  kind  of  motion  pictures  for  use  in 
schools,  churches  and  institutions  of  all  kinds  is  met  in  the  most 
practical  way  by  Famous  Players-Lasky  Corporation,  both  as  to 
the  kind  of  material  available  and  its  intrinsic  value. 

Whether  your  purpose  be  to  entertain,  educate  or  frankly  amuse 
you  will  find  the  best  of  its  kind  among  these  Paramount 
Pictures  at  a  price  you  can  pay. 


Full  information  and  sound  ad-vice  on  your  motion  picture 
problems  can  be  had  from  the  Manager  of  the  Famous 
"Players-Lasky  Corporation  Exchange  in  the  following  cities : 


Denver,  Colo 1747  Welton  St. 

New  Orleans,  La 814  Perdido  St. 

Chicago,  111 845  So.  Wabash  Ave. 

Des  Moines,  la 415  W.  8th  St. 

Cincinnati,  0 107  W.  3rd  St. 

Kansas  City,  Mo 2024  Broadway 

New  York  729  7th  Ave. 

San  Francisco  821  Market  St. 

Charlotte,  N.  C 28  W.  4th  St. 

Minneapolis,  Minn 608  1st  Ave.  N. 

Pittsburgh,  Pa 1018  Fori>fc.s  St. 

Philadelphia,  Pa 1219  Vine  SI 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 145  Franklin  St. 

Albany,  N.  Y 33  Orange  St. 


New  Haven,  Conn 132  Meadow  St. 

Omaha.  Nebr 208  So.  13th  St. 

Detroit,  Mich „ 63  Elizabeth  St. 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah 133  E.  2nd  So.  St. 

Oklahoma  City,  Okla 128  W.  3rd  St. 

Washington,  D.  C 421  10th  St.  N.  W. 

Atlanta,  Ga 51  l.uckie  St. 

St.  Louis,  Mo 3929  Olive  St. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal 112  W.  9th  St. 

Seattle,  Wash 2017  Third  .\ve. 

Cleveland,  Ohio 811  Prospect  .Vve. 

Dallas,  Texas  iy02  Commerce  St. 

Boston,  Mass 8  Shawmut  St. 


i<  FAMOUS  PLAYERS-LASKY  CORPORATION 

^  ».      7J.  ADOLPH  ZUKORfrv,  JKSSK  1.  LASKY  i'^r/Vit  CE^L  B  OE  MlLLt  Dfntibr^, 


Mr.W    YOUK^ 


% 


EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 


Published  Monthly  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  8S  W.  42nd  Street,  New  York  City.      (Address  all   communioations  to   N.   Y.   City   offices.)      DOLPH   EASTMAN, 
Editor  and  Publisher.    Subscription:  United   States  and  Possessions,   tl    a  year;    other  countries.  $2  a  year;   sinRle  copies,   13  cents.      Eastern  Advertising  Repre- 
»entatives-   H    D.   Hascall  and   As.sociate.s.    limes  Building.    U75    Broadway,   New  York  City.    Western  Representative:  George  H.  Meyers,  Room  920,  14  W.  Wash- 
ington Street,  Cliicago,  111.    Canadian   Representative.  Muriel   E.   Bruce,   87   Bleeker  Street,  Toronto,  Canada. 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Copyright,  1921,  by  Dolph  Eastman. 


V^ol.  V. 


APRIL,  1921 


No.  4 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


SDITORIAL    5 

Non-Theatrical   Exhibitors — Take  Heed! 
Important  Editorial  Announcement 

EDERAL  REGULATION  OF  MOVIES  PLANNED 6 

rRAINING  EMBRYO  TEACHERS  VIA  THE  SCREEN 7 

By  Mabel  G.  West— I/(M»(ro(ed 

5DUCATIONAL  FILM  ORATORS  IN  JAP  THEATERS 8 

lEOGRAPHY  FILM  TESTS  ON  GRADE  PUPILS 9 

[tUtjitrated 

IIRD  FILMS  SHOWN   ILL.  AUDUBON   SOCIETY 10 

aSUAL  EDUCATION  CONFERENCE  IN   LONDON 11 

lENRY     FORD     GIVES     $5,000,000     FOR     EDUCATIONAL 

FILMS    11 

iORTH  DAKOTA'S  IMMIGRATION  REELS 12 

JEW  7-REEL  MONTANA  FARM  FILM  12 

ROPOSED     STANDARDS     FOR     EVALUATING     EDUCA- 
TIONAL FILMS  13 

By  Joseph  J.  Weber 

rVALUATING  FILMS  AT  COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY 14 

TLM  WORK  OF  U.  S.  SOCIAL  HYGIENE  BOARD 15 

Illustrated 

INDING  FOLKS  IN  FILMS  16 

HERE  COMES  THE   BRIDE"   17 

By  Hilda  D.  Jiickson — Illnstrated 

REACHING  THE   GOSPEL   WITH   PICTURES 18 

UNDAY  MOVIE  SERVICES  IN  ROCHELLE,  ILL 19 


REVIEWS   OF   FILMS   20 

By  Gladys  Bollman — Illustrated 

SUGGESTED   PROGRAMS  23 

CENSORSHIP  BY  THE  PUBLIC  THE  BEST  OF  ALL 24 

By  Mrs.  Wootlallen  Chapman 
"OUR  DAILY   BREAD" 25 

Illustrated 

TRACTOR  MOVIES  AT  COLUMBUS  SHOW 25 

HOW  A  BIG  DAILY  NEWSPAPER  GETS  OUT  AN  "EXTRY"  26 

Illustrated 

"ONE   FLIGHT   DOWN'    27 

INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NOTES  27 

TAKING  THE  MOUNTAIN   TO  MAHOMET 28 

By  Charles  Randolph  Thomas 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 29 

Advertisements 


Premium  Offer Inside  front  cover 

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Educational   Film   Exchanges,   Inc. . .  4 

Daniel  J.  Goff   27 

World   Missionary   Drama    League.. 27 

Lyman  H.  Howe  Films  Co 27 

Atlas  Educational   Film   Co 28 

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New   Era    Films 29 

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Loose-Leaf  Catalog    82 

Eastman  Kodak  Co.. Inside  back  cover 
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III 

Old  Glory  on  the  Seven  Seas! 


"America's 
Merchant 
Marine" 

An  entertaining  presentation  of  a  subject  that  is  of  the  utmost  importance 
to  every  loyal  citizen.  This  three-reel,  straight  educational  motion  picture, 
depicting  the  romance  of  the  sea,  the  past  and  present  of  the  American 
Merchant  Marine  and  its  future,  is  now  available  for  non-theatrical  showings. 

"America's  Merchant  Marine"  belongs  to  the  whole  people — produced  en- 
tirely in  the  people's  interest,  and  for  their  entertainment  and  instruction. 

Please  address  inquiries 


Chas.  Raymond  Thomas,  Inc. 

Distributors  for  Educational  Dept.  U.  8.  Skipping  Board,  Washington,  D.  C. 

347  Fifth  Avenue— New  York 


—  3 


Novelty  Subjects 

To  Liven  Any  Program 


)] 


MODERN  CENTAURS 

Portuguese  Cavalry  in  the  most  amaz- 
ing feats  of  horsemanship.  Photo- 
graphy which  reveals  the  secrets  of 
riding. 

ANNETTE  KELLERMAN 

(HERSELF) 
The  incomparable  Annette  does  all  her 
famous  dives,  which  are  shown  alter- 
nately, first  at  normal    camera   speed 
and  then  at  slow  speed. 


THE  RACE  OF  THE  AGE 

Man  O'  War,  the  super  horse,  beating 
Sir  Barton.  The  New  York  Times 
said,  "This  picture  creates  a  new  epoch 
in  the  motion  picture  industry." 

BABE  RUTH 

The  super  batsman  filmed  in  an  actual 
big  league  game  with  a  slow  motion 
analysis  showing  exactly  "how  he 
makes  his  home  runs." 


VALLEY  OF  10,000  SMOKES 

A  National  Geographic  Society  Picture.    The  Katmai  Valley  of  Alaska,  where  this 
film  was  taken,  has  never  before  been  penetrated  by  a  motion  picture  camera  man. 


and  Now 


GOLF 


Released 
in  February 


A  slow  Speed  analysis  of  the  principal  strokes  of  the 

"GRAND    AULD  GAME^' 

By  one  of  its  most  celebrated  players 


Any  one  of  the  above  subjects  fits  into  any   program. 

Each  is  a  feature  in  itself 


"THE  SPICE  OF  THE  PROGRAM" 


EDT  r.ATIONAL  FILM  KXCIIANGES,  INC..  E.   W.  Ihtmmons,  President 
Executive  Offlcet:  870  SEVENTH  AVENLE,  NEW    YORK  CITY 


Established  January,  1919 


Prcpert:/  of 


COVERINO  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS: 

Aariculturt  Community  Oeogrnphy  Health   and  Sanitation     Religion  Scenic 

\  Biography  Current  Events       History  Industry  Pedagogy  Science 

\civics  and  Oovemment         Cultural  Home  Economics         Juvenile  Recreational  Sociology 

Drama  Fine  Arts  Literature  Technical 

Published  Monthly  at  White  Plains,  N.   Y.,  and  3S   West  42nd  Street  (Aeolian  Hall),  New   York  City 

DOLPH    EASTMAN,    Editor  and  Publisher 


Topical 


Travel 

Welfare 

Womtn 


I  Vol.  V. 


APRIL,  1921 


No.  4 


NON-THEATRICAL  EXHIBITORS 


-TAKE  HEED! 


COMPLAINTS  are  coming  into  this  office  from  sub- 
scribers stating  that  film  service  is  being  refused 
them  by  many  exchange  managers  in  their  section 
of  the  country.  At  the  home  offices  of  the  producers 
in  New  York  City  and  at  the  office  of  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  the  Motion  Picture  Industry  nothing  seems  to  be 
known  of  any  unfavorable  attitude  on  the  part  of  local  ex- 
change men  or  theatrical  exhibitors  beyond  what  has  al- 
ways been  the  case,  namely,  a  natural  preference  to  serve 
motion  picture  theaters  first  and  a  desire  to  please  theater 
managers  in  all  matters  relating  to  community  or  neighbor 
hood  film  exhibitions. 

Before  a  non-theatrical  exhibitor  has  just  cause  to  file 
a  complaint  against  a  local  film  exchange  or  neighborhood 
theater  he  or  she  should  stop  and  take  heed  of  the  facts 
and  factors  entering  into  the  situation.  It  must  be  re- 
membered that  the  mainstay  of  the  motion  picture  industry 
at  the  present  time — and  probably  for  some  years  to  come 
— is  the  daily  business  of  13,000  or  14,000  places  of 
amusement  whose  box  offices  are  the  retail  counters  over 
which  millions  of  dimes  and  quarters  pass.  These  large 
daily  revenues  make  possible  the  production  of  pictures 
which  by  courtesy,  and  by  courtesy  alone,  the  schools, 
churches,  clubs,  industrial  plants,  and  other  local  institu- 
tions and  organizations  are  permitted  to  rent  from  the 
exchanges  AFTER  the  theaters  have  either  used  or  re- 
fused such  subjects.  This  essential  fact  must  always  be 
borne  in  mind — that  the  non-theatrical  exhibitor  must  and, 
indeed,  should  stand  in  line  and  await  his  turn  when  it 
comes  to  the  booking  of  desirable  films.  It  is  primarily 
a  theatrical  business  and  naturally  the  showman  must  have 
first  choice. 

If  the  non- theatrical  market  for  motion  pictures  were 
large  enough  or  profitable  enough,  the  exhibitor  in  that 
field  would  not  be  placed  in  the  position  of  playing  second 
fiddle  to  the  theater  man.  But  while  economic  conditions 
remain  as  they  are,  the  school  or  the  church  or  the  insti- 


tutional exhibitor  must  not  complain  if  he  or  she  is  com- 
pelled to  wait  several  months  before  a  certain  drama  or 
comedy  can  be  obtained  from  the  local  exchange,  or  if 
the  print  is  not  in  new  or  flawless  condition,  or  if  the  rental 
price  seems  high.  One  must  be  thankful  that  theatrical 
exchanges  are  willing  to  do  business  at  all  with  non-theat- 
rical people.  In  some  instances  the  neighborhood  school, 
church,  club,  or  community  center  is  in  reality,  if  not 
ostensibly,  competing  with  the  picture  theater  in  that  sec- 
tion; and  one  can  understand  how  the  theater  men  of  the 
town  feel  about  it.    This  is  only  natural. 

Some  of  the  big  producers  tell  us  that  they  wish  to 
encourage  the  upbuilding  of  a  non-theatrical  market  for 
motion  pictures,  not  to  discourage  it.  They  seem  not  to 
be  antagonistic  to  school  and  church  movie  shows  pro- 
vided the  element  of  competition  does  not  enter  and  the  in- 
terests of  the  theaters  and  exchanges  are  safeguarded — a 
very  natural  attitude.  And,  really,  why  should  schools, 
churches,  clubs,  and  other  institutions  and  organizations 
of  this  character  wish  to  compete  with  theaters?  The 
former  are  not  in  the  business  of  providing  amusement  for 
pay  to  the  people  of  the  community.  Their  business  is 
primarily  the  mental,  moral,  physical,  and  spiritual  ed- 
ucation of  the  people  of  the  community;  there  is  plenty 
of  entertainment,  and  in  many  cases  clean  and  wholesome 
entertainment,  to  be  found  in  theaters  devoted  to  the  stage 
and  the  screen. 

There  are,  of  course,  non-theatrical  exhibitors  who  de- 
mand films  soon  after  their  release,  before  the  theaters  of 
their  section  have  finished  showing  them.  Some  of  them 
want  pictures  at  bargain  prices;  some  have  old  machines 
which  injure  the  films;  some  are  slow  and  imbusinesslike 
in  their  dealings  with  the  exchanges.  There  are  other 
factors  to  be  considered  as  well  before  we  form  hasty 
judgments  in  the  matter.  The  real  solution  of  the  prob- 
lem lies  in  production  and  distribution  on  a  large  scale 
especially  and  exclusively  for  the  non-theatrical  field. 


Important  Sditorial  oAnnouncement 

EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE  from  its  initial  issue  in  January  1919  has  always  had  in  mind  the 
viewpoint  of  its  readers  and  its  ideals  of  service  have  been  founded  upon  this  editorial  policy.  To 
render  even  more  valuable  service,  and  to  make  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE  predominantly 
representative  of  the  interests  of  all  groups  in  the  non-theatrical  motion  picture  field,  the  editor 
announces  an  Advisory  Board  of  Associate  Editors  to  be  composed  of  eight  or  ten  outstanding  national 
leaders  in  visual  education  representing  these  various  groups.  Prof.  J.  W.  Shepherd,  Director  of  Visual 
Education  at  the  University  of  Oklahoma,  has  done  lis  the  honor  to  accept  an  appointment  as  chairman  of 
this  board  which  will  function  in  the  near  future  under  the  present  chief  editorship. 

The  editorial  board  as  finally  organized  will  direct  the  policy  of  the  magazine  and  will  be  consulted 
and  will  advise  on  all  matters  of  editorial  importance  and  significance.  On  this  board  there  will  be  able 
and  nationally  knowTi  representatives  of  the  college  and  university  group;  the  public  school  system;  the 
churches;  agricultural  and  industrial  education;  community  and  welfare  organizations;  women's  organizations; 
and  other  groups.    We  hope  soon  to  be  in  a  position  to  announce  the  complete  personnel  of  this  board. 


FEDERAL  REGULATION  OF  MOVIES  PLANNED 

Dr.   Wilbur   F.   Crafts   and   Other   Reformers   Will   Ask   Congress 
for  National   Board  Similar  to  Federal  Trade  Commission 

■pvR.  WILBUR  F.  CRAFTS,  superintendent  of  the  International 
"^  Reform  Bureau,  Canon  William  Sheafe  Chase  of  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  and  other  leaders  of  the  motion  picture  reform  movement 
are  planning  to  introduce  a  bill  into  congress  providing  for  the 
national  regulation  of  the  motion  picture  industry  through  a 
high  class  federal  board  of  six  members  similar  to  the  Federal 
Trade  Commission. 

It  is  proposed  to  have  the  members,  two  of  whom  are  to  be 
women,  appointed  by  the  United  Stales  Bureau  of  Education 
or  by  the  new  Secretary  of  Education  when  that  office  becomes 
a  part  of  thd  President's  cabinet.  The  first  two  appointees  are 
to  serve  three  years  each;  the  next  two,  two  years  each;  and  the 
last  two,  one  year  each.  The  annual  salary  may  be  fixed  at 
$10,000.  Expenses  of  the  board  are  to  be  met  by  a  tax  of  $6.25 
on  each  reel  of  motion  picture  negative  which  is  used  in  inter- 
state commerce. 

Pictures  and  themes  forbidden  in  the  bill  drawn  up  by  Dr. 
Crafts  include  those  contained  in  the  resolutions  adopted  by  the 
National  Association  of  the  Motion  Picture  Industry,  and  others. 
Whether  this  bill  has  a  chance  to  go  through  at  the  special 
session  of  congress  is  a  question,  but  there  is  a  prospect  of  a 
lively  debate  in  committee  or  on  the  floor  of  the  House  or  Senate 
either  at  the  special  session  or  at  the  regular  session  next 
December. 


CHINESE  TEACHERS  WANT  MOVIES 

nPHE  National  Council  of  Education  has  received  an  urgent 
•*•  appeal  from  Chinese  teiichers*  in  the  northwestern  section 
of  China  for  special  films  titled  in  the  native  dialect,  to  aid  in 
safeguarding  the  morals  of  Chinese  young  men  and  women.  Both 
in  China  and  Japan  local  police  authorities  exercise  strict  censor- 
ship over  the  screen. 


NATIONAL  MUSEUM  TO  FORM  FILM  ARCHIVES 

nPHE    collection    of   noteworthy    motion    picture   films    by    th 

government  is  provided  for  in  a  resolution  recently  intr< 
duced  in  congress  by  Senator  Phelan,  of  California.  According 
to  the  phrasing  of  this  resolution  the  librarian  of  congress  would 
send  to  the  director  of  the  National  Museum  in  Washington,  D.Cf 
one  copy  of  each  film  registered,  and  if  in  the  opinion  of  the 
director  the  film  records  "a  historical  or  otherwise  noteworthy 
event,"  it  shall  be  stored  away  for  future  generations. 

CANADIAN  FILMS  ATTRACT  IMMIGRANTS 

'T'HE  Canadian  Government  has  been  attracting  a  desirable 
class  of  immigrants  by  the  use  of  the  motion  picture.  Reels 
made  in  different  parts  of  the  Dominion  are  being  shown  in 
countries  of  Europe  which  are  considered  as  offering  a  desirable 
class  of  people  and  the  results  have  been  very  great.  In  Wales 
the  film  lectures  have  been  enthusiastically  attended  by  crowds 
of  both  sexes,  and  as  a  result  many  farm  laborers,  domestics  and 
miners,  among  them  many  ex-service  men,  are  desirous  of  leav-( 
ing  immediately  for  Canada.  Nova  Scotia  asked  for  500  miners; 
the  number  who  offered  themselves  far  exceeded  this,  and  the 
first  parties  have  left  for  their  new  homes.  All  are  ex-soldiers 
and  receive  free  passage  for  themselves  and  their  families. 


NEW  LEGISLATIVE  FILM  IN  UTAH 
T  EGISLATIVE  scenes  were  re-enacted  before  the  camera  when 
F.  W.  Reyno'lds  of  the  extension  division  of  the  University 
of  Utah  took  motion  pictures  to  show  the  process  of  enacting 
Utah's  laws.  Several  lively  scenes  of  debate,  seemingly  over 
the  Southwick  anti-cigarette  measure,  judging  by  the  arguments 
presented,  were  staged.  The  progress  of  one  bill  was  shown 
from  the  time  of  its  introduction,  through  committee,  on  the  cal- 
endar, final  passage  in  both  houses,  the  signatures  of  the  presi- 
dent of  the  senate  and  the  speaker  of  the  house,  and  finally  the 
governor's  signature  and  approval.. 

The  films  were  taken  of  the  legislature  by  the  Clawson  Film 
Company  of  Salt  Lake  City  for  the  use  of  the  University  of 
Utah  extension  division  and  will  be  shown  in  schools  throughout 
the  slate  as  an  educational  film  on  civil  government. 


'JTRAINmC  EMBRYO  TEACHERS  VIA  THE  SCREEN 

Important   Pioneer    Work   in   Visual    Education    Conducted    for 
Past  Three  Years  at  Oregon  Normal  School 

By  Mabel  G.  West 

diairman  of  Entertainment  Committee,  Oregon  Nonnal  Scliool,  Monmoutli,  Oregon 


THE  Oregon   Normal   School  has  used  motion  pictures  in 
various  phases  of  the  school  work  for  nearly  three  years. 
While   it    is    true   that   nothing   particularly    striking    or 
unusual   has  been   accomplished  the  facts  are,  perhaps, 
worth  recording.     At  first,  pictures  made  from  literary  master- 
pieces— €.  g.,  Peer  Gynt,  The  Bluebird — were  occasionally  secured 
land  shown  in  the  chapel  on  a  bor- 
Towed  machine  as  entertainment  for 
the  students.     Later,  however,  an  in- 
Icreased  faith  in  pictures  as  a  means 
4)f    instruction,    combined    with    the 
availability    of    a    large   number    of 
films  dealing  with  industries,  travel, 
biology,   and   current   events    caused 
the    faculty    committee    having    the 
matter  in  charge  to  extend  the  scope 
of  the  work. 

'  Though  all  the  films  used  at  the 
iNormal  are  educational  in  the  true 
sense  of  the  word  they  may  be  di- 
vided into  two  classes  for  the  pur- 
■poses  of  this  discussion.  In  the  first 
class  are  the  pictures  selected  because 
•they  are  based  on  a  novel  or  drama 
■which  has  literary  merit,  and  will,  be- 
■sides  furnishing  the  necessary  enter- 
tainment for  the  students — there  is 
no  theater  or  motion  picture  house 
nearer  than  Independence,  two  and 
a  half  miles  away — help  them  to  set 
up  standards  by  which  to  aid  in  im- 
proving pictures  in  the  communities 
into  which  they  will  go. 

The  films  in  the  second  class  are 
purely  instructive  in  the  sense  that 
they  give  information  regarding  ag- 
ricultural and  industrial  processes 
essential  to  modern  life;  facts  re- 
garding the  scope  and  activities  of 
the  United  States  government;  proofs 
of  the  benefits  of  sanitary  living;  or 
accounts  of  great  events  in  history 
and  the  reasons  for  them. 


stories  for  children,  such  as  Evangeline,  Treasure  Island,  Little 
Women,  Tom  Sawyer,  Little  Orphan  Annie,  have  been  shown. 
So  far  arrangements  have  been  made  to  show  Heidi,  Black  Beauty, 
and  Last  of  the  Mohicans  this  year.  It  is  now  planned  to  secure 
films  of  this  type  from  the  collection  loaned  by  the  University 
of  Oregon  and  to  use  them  in  much  the  same  way  at  the  chapel 
hour.  Of  course  such  work  is  only  a  beginning  but  it  is  a  step 
toward  the  securing  of  such  material  for  each  grade  in  the  several  sub- 
jects, a  venture  which  may  be  managed  some  time. 

For  the  Normal  students  themselves  it  has  frequently  been  possible  to 
secure  such  pictures  as  How  Life  Begins  to  illustrate  the 
work  being  considered  at  that  particular  time  in  the  de- 
partment of  physical  training.  Along  the  same  line  some 
efforts  have  been  made  to  provide  films  made  from 
literary  masterpieces  studied  in  the  English  courses,  though 
these  cannot  always  be  secured  at  the  particular  time  they 
are  wanted.  Types  of  present  day  drama  have  been  il- 
lustrated by  Lady  Windemere's  Fan,  Milestones,  If  I  Were 
King,  Doll's  House,  and  Shore  Acres.  The  showing  of 
these  has  generally  been  preceded  by  a  short  discussion 
at  the  chapel  hour  by  a  member  of 


fpHE  Oregon  Nonnal  School  at  Monmouth,  Oregon,  where  for 
■'•three  years  past  the  students  have  had  intensive  visualized 
training  via  the  screen  in  courses  designed  to  flt  them  as  teachers 
of  youth  and  leaders  of  communities  they  will  go  forth  to  serve. 


Linking  Films  and  Lessons 

Last  year  on  Friday  mornings  a  chapel  hour  was  used  to  show 
free  pictures  of  this  second  class  to  pupils  from  the  Training 
School  as  well  as  to  the  Normal  students.  Such  pictures  were 
selected  to  illustrate  some  phase  of  the  children's  work  for  the 
week  in  geography,  history,  civics,  or  agriculture;  and  were 
chosen  from  groups  commercially  known  as  travelogs,  news  items, 
weeklies,  and  reviews.  Since  these  were  nearly  always  used  as 
a  basis  for  composition  lessons  later,  it  was  proved  with  a 
reasonable  degree  of  accuracy  that  the  pictures  did  aid  in  making 
very  concrete  and  comprehensible  to  the  children  such  phases  of 
the  subjects  as  were  treated.     Most  of  the  available  literature 


the  English  department,  of  the  plot 
of  the  play  and  the  particular  char- 
acteristics of  structure  or  the  dra- 
matic quality  to  be  illustrated. 

Pictures  to  which  the  students  are 
charged  a  small  admission  fee  are 
frequently  given  on  Friday  or  Sat- 
urday evenings,  never  during  the 
school  week.  Since  these  are  in- 
tended as  part  of  the  necessary  re- 
creational activities  of  the  young 
people  the  picture  is  sometimes  pre- 
ceded by  appropriate  songs,  readings, 
or  esthetic  dances  by  the  students 
themselves.  To  give  only  two:  Rio 
Grande  was  embellished  by  a  Span- 
ish dance  given  by  students  in  the 
physical  training  department,  and 
The  Spell  of  the  Yukon  and  others 
of  Service's  poems  were  read  by 
people  from  the  public  speaking 
classes  as  a  prelude  to  the  picture  The  Law  of  the  Yukon.  Inas- 
much as  these  entertainments  are  well  patronized  by  people  from 
the  surrounding  community  as  well  as  by  the  students,  an  excel- 
lent opportunity  afforded  for  community  singing.  Frequently  the 
songs  selected  have  been  appropriate  for  the  particular  picture, 
e.  g.,  with  The  Mark  of  Zorro  a  group  of  Spanish  songs,  Spanish. 
Cavalier,  Andulusia,  and  Juanita. 

Committee  of  Six  Selects  the  Films 

The  selection  of  these  pictures  is  in  the  hands  of  a  joint  com- 
mittee from  the  faculty  and  student  body,  composed  of  six 
members.  They  use  as  guides  in  making  selections  the  selected 
lists  of  pictures  published  by  the  following: 

National  Board  of  Review,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City. 


Educational  Film  Magazine,  33  West  42nd  Street,  New  York 
City. 

Lists  are  also  published  by  the  Library  Journal,  Theater  Mag- 
azine, Current  Opinion,  and  occasionally  by  the  English  Journal. 
The  Committee  has  also  found  Motion  Picture  News,  729  Seventh 
Avenue,  New  York  City,  helpful  in  making  selections.  This  is  a 
trade  weekly  which  prints  lists,  rather  full  write-ups,  etc.,  of 
new  pictures.  They  also  use  occasionally  Exhibitor's  Herald  and 
Moving  Picture  World.  Suggestions  are  often  made  by  members 
of  the  faculty,  student  body,  or  townspeople  who  have  seen  a 
particularly  good  film  which  they  think  is  especially  adapted  to 
presentation  at  the  school. 

All  the  pictures  are  rented  through  the  Isis  Theater  at  Inde- 
pendence, Oregon.  The  Normal  is  thus  able  to  hire  cheaply  a 
single  picture  from  a  group — a  thing  which  would  not  otherwise 
be  possible — and  to  secure  well-known  or  new  pictures  soon  after 
they  are  released.  The  students  pay  $1.00  each  at  the  beginning 
of  each  term — twelve  weeks — for  which  they  receive  eight  pictures 
and  one  concert  or  lecture  during  the  term. 

Equipment  Purchased  froi<i  Picture  Proceeds 

When  the  school  first  began  to  show  pictures  three  years  ago 
there  was  no  equipment  whatever,  in  fact  the  first  pictures  were 
given  on  a  borrowed  machine.  At  present  there  are  two  Motio- 
graph  machines — one  de  luxe — a  mercury  arc-rectifier,  a  spot- 
light, a  lantern,  and  various  other  equipment.  These  have  all 
been  purchased  and  entirely  paid  for  out  of  the  proceeds  of  the 
pictures.  In  all  this  work  the  fundamental  aim  at  the  back  of 
the  minds  of  the  members  of  the  committee  and  indeed  of  all 
faculty  members  is  to  help  the  students  to  formulate  judgment 
regarding  pictures  in  general  by  showing  them  some  of  the  most 
worthwhile  material  available,  and  thus  to  help  them  to  set  up 
standards  by  which  to  measure  films  in  the  Oregon  communities 
into  which  they  will  go  as  teachers. 

Suggested  List  of  Feature  Photoplays 

The  following  list  is  given  in  the  hope  that  some  other  com- 
mittee may  find  it  helpful: 


Aladdin  and  the  Wonderful  Lamp 

Anne  of  Oreen  Oables 

Chechen 

Cinderella  Man 

Come  Out  of  the  Kitchen 

J)addy-Long-Legt 

Doll's  Home 

Earthhound 

Erttwhile  Sutan 

Evangeline 

Oarden  of  Allah 

Heart  of  a  Child 

Heart  of  the  Hilh 

Hit  MajeHy  the  American 

Humoreique 

If  I   Were  King 

In  Old  Kentucky 

Intolerance 

Joan  the  Woman 

Lady  of  Shalott 

Lady   Windemere't  Fan 

Law  of  the   Yukon 

Lei  Minerablei 

lAltle  American 

Little   Mi»t   George    Washington 

Little  Orphan  Annie 

lAttle   Women 

Man   Without  a  Country 

Mickey 


Milestones 

Miracle  Man 

Mother  O'  Mine 

Nothing   but   the   Truth 

Ntirse  Marjorie 

Passing  of  Third  Floor  Back 

Jiaffles 

Itainhow  Trail 

lieberca   of  Sunnybrook   Farm 

Resurrection 

Revelation 

Riders  of  the  Purple  Sage 

Right  of  Way 

Rio  Grande 

River's  End 

Seven  Keys  to  Baldpate 

Shore  Acres 

Soldiers  of  Fortune 

Son  of  Democracy 

Spoilers 

Thais 

The  Bluebird 

The   Virginian 

'Treasure  Island 

Tom  Sawyer 

Twenty-Three  and  a  Half  Hour's 

Leave 
Willow  Tret 
Westerneri 


MUSEUM   TO   PRESERVE  MAN   O'lVAR   FILM 

nPHE    American    Museum    of    Natural    History    has    purchased    frfl 
-*-  Educational  Films  Corporation  a  print  of  "The  Knuct  of  the  Ag« 
the   dramatic  camera   record  of  the  victory   of  Man   o'   War  over  S 
Barton.    The  film  of  the  greatest  race  of  all  time  will  be  preserved  fd 
posterity. 

w    ^ 

EDUCATIONAL  FILM  ORATORS  IN  JAP  THEATERS"" 

'T'HE  Japanese  educational  authorities  are  paying  much  atten- 
tion to  utilizing  the  motion  picture  theaters  for  the  edification 
of  the  younger  generation.     Some  of  the  American  movie  stars 
are  as  much  Japanese  favorites  as  they  are  American  favorites. 
Charlie  Chaplin  is  known  even  to  the  child  who  does  not  know 
the  name   of  the  Japanese   premier.      Every   picture   theater 
Japan  has  its  own  orators  who  explain  the  films — especially  th 
foreign  ones — to  the  audience  while  the  show  is  going  on.    R<| 
cently   the  authorities   summoned   all   motion    picture   operator 
attached  to  the  theaters  in  Tokyo  and  gave  instructions  regardini 
the  practice  of  the  profession  of  film  orators.    As  a  result  of  th 
meeting  the  authorities  decided  to  give  a  regular  course  of  let 
tures  for  the  benefit  of  the  film  orators.     The  first  of  the  serie 
of  lectures  was  held  early  this  year  and  included  such  subject 
as  history  and  geography. 

Rfti  Mb 

MOVIE  LECTURES  AT  NEW  YORK  MUSEUM  "^ 
TT'OUR  courses  of  lectures,  six  in  each  course,  are  being  give 
this  spring  for  the  public  school  children  of  New  Yor 
City  at  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  each  lecture  be 
ing  illustrated  with  lantern  slides  or  motion  pictures,  or  both.  Or 
course  covers  natural  history,  a  second  the  early  history  o 
America,  a  third  geography,  and  a  fourth  industries.  There 
no  admission  charge,  and  teachers  accompany  their  pupils.  Th 
work  is  under  the  direction  of  George  H.  Sherwood,  curator  o 
the  department  of  public  education.  A  complete  list  of  the  title 
of  the  lectures  follows: 

Natural  History:  The  Wonderful  Work  of  Water,  How  Lif 
Begins,  The  Marvelous  Ways  of  Insects,  Life  Stories  of  Ou 
Reptiles  and  Amphibians,  The  Flowers  and  Trees  of  Spring 
The  Arrival  of  the  Birds. 

Early  History  of  America:  Early  History  of  New  York,  Th 
Story  of  the  Pilgrims,  The  Story  of  the  Revolution,  Growth  and 
Development  of  New  York,  Indians  of  the  Southwest,  Methods 
of  Transportation — Past  and  Present. 

Geography:  Mexico  and  Central  America,  France  and  Her 
Neighbors,  Africa,  South  America,  New  Countries  of  South- 
eastern Europe,  Russia  in  Europe. 

Industries:  The  Panama  Canal,  Cotton,  Flax,  Silk  and  Wool, 
Our  Forests  and  Their  Uses,  Our  Waterways  and  Their  Protec- 
tion, Our  Northern  Neighbors,  The  Story  of  a  Piece  of  Coal. 


"RIDING  THE  GOAT"  VIA  MOVIES 

TI/TEMBERS  of  the  Security  Benefit  Association  of  Reading, 
Pa.,  recently  witnessed  a  unique  motion  picture  initiatory 
service,  given  by  the  national  president,  J.  M.  Kirkpatrick,  who 
initiated  a  class  of  101  candidates  at  the  lodge  hall.  Motion 
pictures  as  a  means  of  conveying  the  lessons  of  fraternity  is 
something  new  in  fraternal  work  and  this  splendid  method  found 
its  origination  with  the  Security  Benefit  Association.  In  fact, 
it  is  one  of  the  distinguishing  features  of  the  lodge  work  of  that 
society. 


8 


GEOGRAPHY  FILM  TESTS  ON  GRADE  PUPILS 


Interesting  Experiments  in  Northampton,  England,  Disclose  Value 

of  This  Type  of  Picture  in  Supplying  Information  and 

Correcting  Wrong  or  Ill-Formed  Impressions* 


^ 


THROUGH  the  agency  of  the  Northampton,  England,  branch 
of  the  Geographical  Association  numbers  of  children  from 
the  secondary  and  elementary  schools  of  Northampton 
have  had  opportunities  during  the  last  six  months  of  see- 
g  films  in  connection  with  their  geographical  work.  The  mem- 
|)ers  of  the  branch  feel  that  there  is  much  to  be  gained  by  a  cor- 
rect use  of  cinematograph  films  for  educational  purposes. 
j  It  is  not  suggested  that  films  should  replace  lanterns  in  teach- 
ing, for  the  advantage  of  a  lantern  is  that  a  picture  can  be  shown 
;.nd  explained  for  any  length  of  time  the 
eacher  thinks  best,  while  that  of  a  film  is 
jhat  it  is  moving  and  consequently  impres- 
jions  obtained  from  it  are  more  varied  and 
eal.  The  stereoscopic  effect  in  films  is  often 
►xcellent. 

i  Many  processes  which  take  a  long  time  to 
lescribe  and  illustrate  in  lesson  time  can  be 
Illustrated  completely  and  much  more  quickly 
[•y  a  film.  In  many  cases  the  influence  of 
::eographical  surroundings  on  man  can  be 
llustrated  and  brought  home  to  children  better  by  film  than  in 
!ny  other  way. 

;  The  main  disadvantage  of  the  film  is  expense.     One  film  at  a 
iime  shown   in   its  place  in  the  geographical  scheme  would  be 
deal,  but  the  difiBculty  has  been  overcome  by  showing  three  or 
our  films  at  one  time  to  children  from  a  number  of  schools, 
-his  assumes  that  unless  information  irrelevant  to  the  work  done 
•\i  filmed,  several  schools  will  arrive  at  the  same  stage  in  similar 
:hemes  at  the  same  time.    The  disadvantages  of  either  alternative 
'  re  obvious,  but  by  careful  plan- 
ing and  selection  of  films  these 
an  be  reduced  to  a  minimum. 
It  is  dangerous  to  stop   a  film 
hile   it   is   being   shown.f      This 
;nders  all  but  short  explanations 
t  the  time  of  showing  impossible, 
ut   greater   brevity    is    often    de- 
rable    in    present    day    teaching. 

XPERIENCED     TeaCHERS     ShOULD 

Select  Films 

A  present  difficulty  in  this  work 

I      in    obtaining     suitable     films. 

ome  are  already  on   the  market 

hich  are  excellent  for  geograph- 

al  work:  with  the  majority  there 

often  unnecessary  detail,  attention  to  which  leads  the  child  to 

iss  important  points.  This  defect  makes  it  necessary  for  films 
■  be  seen  by  experienced  teachers  before  selecling  them  for 
,  lowing.  The  remedy  lies  in  the  hands  of  teachers,  for  business 
,  en  are  always  ready  to  meet  the  demands  of  customers,  if  these 
.   'mands  are  made  with  sufficient  force. 

,    It  will  be  seen  from  the  above  that  the  cinema  should  replace 
j  her  methods  of  teaching  in  special  cases,  but  that  in  general 

should  supplement  them. 

;    *Krom  The  Geography  Teacher,  organ  of  The  Geographical  Association,  Lon- 
■p.  England. 

i  »'«»,*''*  L^nited  States  there  are  several  types  of  portable  projectors  which  per- 
;  '  ">e  stopping  of  film  both  nn  inflammable  and  slow-burning  stock,  without 
nger.    The  advantages  of  such  devices  are  obvious. 


CtUNE  from  the  orange  film  on  which  class- 
*^  room  tests  were  made  in  Northampton, 
England. 


CCENE   from   a   forestry   and   lumbering  film    of   which   a    similar   one 
was  used  in  the  classroom   tests  at  Northampton,  England. 


\\i 


The  branch  sub-committee  has  organized  a  series  of  tests  in 
both  secondary  and  elementary  schools  after  each  film  exhibition, 
and  for  the  benefit  of  others  interested  these  are  detailed  as 
follows: 

Film  Illustrating  Lumbering  in  sierra  Nevada,  U.  S.  A. 

Ages  1112 
(a)    Explanation  of  film  given  in  class  beforehand  and  a  lesson 
on  lumbering. 

(b)  No  previous  lesson,  nor  title  of  film 
known  until  time  of  showing. 

(c)  Did  not  see  film,  but  lesson  on  lumber- 
ing given  and  description  of  typical  scene 
read. 

Descriptions  were  written  in  each  ca«e. 

A.  Four  days  later.  AH  results  were  good; 
(a)  being  only  slightly  better  than  (b) ;  (c) 
was  as  good  as  (a)   or  (b) . 

B.  Six  weeks  later.  Results  were  again 
good,  (b)  and  (c)  were  equally  good,  but  emphasized  rather 
different  points,  (a)  was  better  than  either  (6)  or  (c),  and  it 
was  obvious  from  the  answers  that  the  children  were  relying 
on  film  impressions  more  than  on  class  impressions,  and  details 
were  remembered  more  clearly. 

Allowing  for  the  fact  that  in  (a)  the  pupils  were  putting  a 
mind  picture  into  words  (from  which  it  was  framed),  and  that 
in  (6)  the  impressions  of  an  actual  picture  were  put  into  words, 
which  the  pupil  had  to  supply  entirely  himself,  yet  it  seems  that 

pupils  of  this  age  are  capable  of 
getting  quite  satisfactory  impres- 
sions by  films  only,  or  by  descrip- 
tion only,  but  that  film  impres- 
sions are  more  lasting. 

Orange  Growing,  Cleaning, 
Sorting  and  Packing 

Similar  tests   were   carried   out 
as  before. 

(a)  Age  12-13 
Results  similar  to  the  previous 
ones  were  found,  and  also — ■ 

(1)    Those     who     saw     films 

with    or    without    a    lesson 

grasped  more  details  than 

those  who  did  not  see  them. 

(2)    The  process  by  which  orange  groves  were  irrigated  was 

understood  better  by  those  who  had  a  lesson  than  by  those 

who  did  not. 

ib)  Age  13-14 
With  no  warning  beforehand  a  description  was  written — 

(1)  by  those  who  saw  the  film  and  had  no  lesson; 

(2)  by  those  who  did  not  see  the  film  and  had  no  lesson. 
Results  of  (2)  were  nearly  as  good  as   (1).     In  this  case  (1) 

and  (2)  were  in  the  same  class,  so  that  information  was  obtained 
by  (2)  from  (1)  through  sheer  interest  in  some  cases,  or  else 
from  external  sources,   e.g.',   "The  Children's  Newspaper";    but 


even  allowing  for  this,  it  seems  to  show  that  once  a  child  can 
form  right  impressions  from  maps,  descriptions,  books,  etc.,  films 
are  of  value  only  occasionally  and  for  purposes  suited  to  special 


cases. 


Many  oral  tests  were  carried  out  at  different  times  on  children 
younger  than  11  years,  and  in  all  cases  those  who  saw  the  filma 
did  better  work  than  those  who  did  not,  and  those  who  had  a 
lesson  before  seeing  the  film  did  far  better. 

Four  films  all  equally  attractive  were  shown  on  the  same  oc- 
casion. In  the  subsequent  tests  the  descriptions  of  the  first  film 
were  always  good,  and  those  of  the  last  poor. 

Geography  Films  Most  Valuable  to  Younger  Children 

The  film  seems  to  be  most  valuable  as  a  means  of  education — 

(1)  to  the  younger  children, 

(a)    supplying  them  with  interesting  information; 
(6)    by  correcting  wrong  impressions  and  supplementing 
half -formed  ones  obtained  by  other  means; 

(2)  to  the  older  children,  when  it  can  be  made  to  substitute 
a  lesson  in  suitable  cases. 

The  members  of  the  sub-committee  appointed  to  consider  the 
question  of  the  exhibition  of  films  are  of  the  opinion  that: — 

(1)  The  films  shown  should  have  a  definite  geographical 
aim  and  not  be  merely  spectacular. 

(2)  Such  films  are  of  most  value  shown  to  children  between 
the  ages  of  8  and  14  years,  and  afterwards  in  special 


cases. 


(3)  The  films  most  likely  to  achieve  the  purpose  intended 
are  those  representing  tours,  especially  through  the 
British  Empire,  and  the  leading  industries  of  the  empire. 

(4)  Where  no  motion  is  necessary  slides  are  more  valuable 
than  films  since  the  rate  at  which  the  former  are  shown 
can  be  more  adequately  regulated. 

(5)  The  films  should  not  take  more  than  fifteen  minutes 
each,  and  not  more  than  two  should  be  shown  at  one 
performance.  One  of  these  two  films  should  be  geo- 
graphical and  the  other  of  general  interest. 

The  committee  believe  that  with  careful  choice  of  films  and  an 
intelligent  use  of  the  same  a  very  valuable  addition  to  the  equip- 
ment of  a  teacher  may  be  made. 

It  would  be  valuable  to  obtain  opinions  on  the  matter  from 
other  educational  bodies.  Until  a  concerted  opinion  is  formed  as 
to  the  most  useful  type  of  film,  it  will  be  impossible  to  ensure  a 
supply  of  suitable  ones. 

May  we  suggest  that  cinema  managers  might  be  induced  to 
consult  local  teachers  in  the  arrangement  of  special  programs 
for  children's  Saturday  afternoon  performances,  and  in  this  way 
help  to  eliminate  a  social  danger? 

NEW  FRENCH  COLOR  PROCESS 

piF.KRK  D'l'KVILI.K,  of  I'aris,  France,  is  introducing  a  new  system 
■*•  of  natiiriil  color  ciMeniato(tra|)liy,  the  invention  of  M.  Heraiilt  whose 
experiments  covered  a  period  of  twenty  years.  The  profess  i-on.sists 
of  three  color  filters  used  in  conjimction  with  special  chtmicais  in  the 
ilevelopment  of  the  fdm.  It  can  l)e  employed  in  connection  with  Bny 
cajnern  or  projector. 

'"Hie  Villa  of  Flowers,"  a  five  riel  comedy  drama,  as  well  as  short 
subjects,  have  been  made  imder  the  new  color  process,  with  remarl<ahly 
Hiiccpssful  residts,  it  is  reported.  The  invention  is  to  be  placed  on  the 
market  in   France  and  tireat   Hrilain. 

t-         f 

A  CORRECTION 

'T'HE  article  "Motion  Pictures  in  tlie  Teaching  of  Chemistry,"  by  Dr. 
■*•  Annie  MacIetMl,  publisbtd  in  the  September  1920  issue  of  KnuCA- 
TIONAI.  Film  Maoazink.  .shouhl  h.ive  been  credited  to  Vimuil  Kdueation, 
of  Chicago,  to  which  the  author  originally  contributed  the  article 
proper.  'l"he  biographical  material  was  supplied  by  the  author  «'spe<Mally 
for  this  magazine  and  the  illustrations  were  furnished  by  this  uf&ce. 


BIRD  FILMS  SHOWN  ILLINOIS  AUDUBON  SOCIETY 

T  GILBERT  PEARSON,  president  of  the  National  Associt 
•  tion  of  Audubon  Societies;  Robert  Cushman  Murphy,  o 
the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History;  and  Norman  McCl^ 
lock,  noted  ornithologist,  were  lecturers  on  three  successij 
Saturdays  in  March  before  the  Illinois  Audubon  Society  at  4| 
Hotel  Sherman,  Chicago.  Motion  pictures  of  bird  life  wer 
screened  in  each  instance. 

Mr.  Murphy's  films  of  the  birds  and  animals  of  the  Peruvia 
coast  and  islands  were  secured  during  the  recent  expedition  c 
the  museum  to  that  region.  In  no  other  place,  it  is  said,  i 
there  such  density  of  bird  population  as  around  these  island: 
These  new  pictures  of  colonies  of  cormorants,  pelicans  and  gar 
nets  are  considered  by  bird  authorities  as  among  the  most  beai 
tiful   and  educationally  valuable  of  natural  history   films. 

Mr.  McClintock's  motion  pictures  show  both  domestic  an 
wild  American  birds  in  their  native  haunts.  These  films  ai 
the  result  of  years  of  painstaking  effort  and  no  little  risk  attende 
the  camera  work  of  many  of  these  scenes.  On  one  occasio 
Mr.  McClintock  had  to  wade  through  marshes  where  hug 
alligators  and  poisonous  snakes  abounded  and  his  life  w£ 
endangered.  Among  the  birds  he  has  filmed  are  herons,  ga 
linules,  a  member  of  the  rail  family;  least  bitterns,  Louisia 
heron,  green  heron,  bob-tail  grackle,  the  snowy  egret  and 
American  egret. 

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10 


VISUAL  EDUCATION  CONFERENCE  IN  LONDON 

Constructive   Suggestions   by    British    Educators    on   Classroom 
Cinematography — Applications  of  the   Industrial   Film* 


A  LARGE  gathering  of  teachers,  school  managers,  head- 
'A  masters,  educationalists,  and  representatives  of  the  Board 
of  Education,  Fndia  Office,  educational  bodies  and  local 
jucation  authorities  attended  the  recent  visual  education  con- 
?rence  at  Horticultural  Hall  in  London,  England. 
'  S.  H.  Dainow,  B.A.,  presided,  and  stated  that  in  order  to 
btain  the  best  value  from  the  cinema  it  was  necessary  for  quali- 
:ed  educationalists  to  state  the  conditions  of  its  use. 

Ralph  Mollett,  headmaster  of  the  Oliver  Goldsmith  London 
lounty  Council  School,  S.E.,  contributed  a  paper  on  '"The  Cine- 
iatograph  as  an  Educational  Instrument."  He  pointed  out  that 
lere  was  a  sound  psychological  basis  for  teaching  by  means  of 
*e  cinema,  because  the  child  mind  was  always  more  interested 
\  moving  objects  than  in  stationary  ones.  Precaution  was,  how- 
i-er,  necessary  in  guiding  the  development  of  the  cinema  in 
Jaching.  The  film  was  not  necessary  for  all  subjects,  but  could 
^  necessary  for  such  subjects  as  applied  science,  or  the  rarer 
fid  uncommon  aspects  of  nature  study.  After  enumerating  the 
afferent  school  subjects  for  which  the  cinema  would  be  useful, 
[r.  MoUet  added  that  the  ideal  to  which  teachers  should  aim 
lould  be  that  the  cinematograph  machine  be  part  of  the  class- 
•om  furniture.  Such  an  ideal  would  mean  that  a  cinematograph 
splay  would  no  longer  be  a  treat  for  the  boys;  but  on  the 
her  hand  it  would  be  as  essential  a  part  of  the  mechanism  of 
;aching  as  a  blackboard. 

Morley    Dainow,   B.Sc,   member   of   the  Cinema   Commission 

id  lecturer  on  practical  psychology  and  mental  training  under 

e  London  County  Council,  delivered  an  address  entitled  "The 

■  nematograph  and  the  Day  Continuation  Schools.'"    Before  com- 

g  to  his  subject  proper  Mr.  Dainow  described  an  incident  in 

s  teaching  experiences  which  caused  him  to  devote  attention 

the  educational  possibility  of  the  cinematograph.     Some  ten 

■ars  ago  Mr.  Dainow  was  a  schoolmaster  in  Soho  in  a  school 

tended  by  pupils  of  many  foreign  nationalities.     One  of  the 

ost  difficult  lessons  was  oral  composition.     Stories   were  told 

the  children  so  as  to  enable  them  to  express  themselves  in  the 

telling.    One  day  he  reached  the  school  with  a  sore  throat,  and 

<ld  the  boys  that  they  would  have  to  tell  the  stories  and  not  he. 

1  A'elve  boys  came  out  and  told  stories,   but  in  each  case  the 

iTj  was  a  cinema  story.     The  moving  film  was  evidently  devel- 

'ling   the    children's    powers    in    oral    composition    in    a    more 

'  active  manner  than  the  skilled  teacher. 

Classroom  and  Industrial  Uses  of  the  Cinema 

ing  to  the  day  continuation  school,  Mr.  Dainow  pointed 
at  there  were  two  aspects  to  the  problem;  firstly,  there 
e  classroom  aspect;  and  secondly,  there  was  the  corporate 
1  aspect.  The  cinematograph  in  the  classroom  could  be 
for  the  presentation  of  facts  and  for  the  development  of 
It  was  very  important  in  dealing  with  boys  and  girls  of 
;es  of  fourteen  to  eighteen  to  make  clear  to  them  the  inter- 
pendence  of  all  knowledge. 
At  first,  physical  features  of  the  British  Isles  would  be  shown 
this  was  an  important  geographical  fact;  presently  inland 
iterways  would  be  shown — -this  was  an  industrial  fact;  later, 
■  mage  and  communication  would  be  shown — these  were  im- 
rtant  commercial  and  transportation  facts;  and,  still  further, 
'  man  workers  and  machinery  would  be  shown  —  these  were 

lit  J  '■tam  tbe  London  Bioteope. 


important  economical  facts  showing  production,  distribution  and 
consuming. 

Turning  to  the  corporate  aspect  of  the  day  continuation  school, 
Mr.  Dainow  pointed  out  that  each  school  would  have  a  floating 
population.  There  must  be  some  method  of  developing  the 
school  feeling  or  sentiment  of  community.  This  feeling  or  senti- 
ment could  only  be  developed  by  holding  meetings  of  the  whole 
school  and  addressing  the  group  mind  of  the  school.  At  such 
meetings  the  cinema  film,  of  a  classical  literary  kind,  could  be 
an  effective  means  of  developing  a  corporate  spirit,  so  essential 
to  citizenship. 

A  vigorous  discussion  took  place  in  which  keen  interest  was 
shown  in  the  educational  use  of  the  cinematograph.  After  the 
conference  an  admirable  display  was  given  by  Capt.  C.  E. 
Hodges,  M.A.,  of  the  Community  Motion  Picture  Bureau  of  Great 
Britain,  Limited.  *  * 

COMMUNITY  MOVIES  IN  RURAL  SCHOOL 
TN  the  summer  of  1919  a  motion  picture  outfit,  costing  about 
S830  and  secured  through  stock  subscriptions  of  patrons  at 
the  rate  of  $10  each,  was  installed  in  the  auditorium  of  Monroe 
Township  Consolidated  School,  Preble  County,  Ohio.  Weekly 
shows  have  since  been  given. 

The  present  aim  of  this  motion  picture  project  is  primarily 
community  education  and  entertainment  but  some  good  is  also 
derived  by  the  school  through  objective  teaching.  The  real  value 
of  the  motion  picture  projector  to  the  school  will  be  fully  realized 
as  soon  as  the  stock  subscriptions  are  paid  off  and  a  fund  main- 
tained for  objective  teaching  throughout  the  entire  school.  At 
the  same  time  it  will  continue  to  serve  the  purpose  of  education 
and  entertainment  for  the  community. 

CHILDREN'S  MORNING  MATINEES  IN  DETROIT 

JOHN  H.  KUNSKY,  a  prominent  Detroit  exhibitor,  is  planning 
to  inaugurate  morning  matinees  in  his  theaters  solely  for 
children.  Cooperating  with  Mr.  Kunsky  in  this  project,  which 
is  now  in  process  of  formation,  is  the  National  Board  of  Review, 
a  number  of  women's  clubs  and  the  local  Parent-Teachers' 
Association. . 

George  W.   Trendle,  attorney  and  general   manager  for  Mr. 

Kunsky,  says: 

"Mr.  Kunsky's  idea  in  starting  a  movement  of  this  kind,  not  only  in 
Detroit  but  throiigliout  the  country  as  well,  is  not  only  to  provide  the 
children  with  plays  of  special  appeal,  but  also  to  do  away,  if  possible, 
with  the  custom  of  c-hildren  attending  the  motion  picture  theater  dur- 
ing tliose  regular  hours  the  theater  is  open  for  the  presentation  of  the 
customary  attractions. 

"The  motion  picture  tlieater  is  not  a  place  where  children's  entertain- 
ment is  found.  It  does  not,  in  the  main,  cater  any  more  to  the  require- 
ments of  the  young  than  does  the  dramatic  theater  housing  the  sj)oken 
drama  and  musical  comedy  nor  the  vaudeville  theater. 

"The  picture  theater  is  a  commercial  institution  the  same  as  the 
other  classes  of  theaters  named  and  it  puts  forth  its  appeal  to  the  adult 
theater-goer,  who  furnishes  it  with  its  support. 

"However,  for  the  purpose  of  furnishing  the  form  of  motion  picture 
entertainment  that  would  a]>peal  to  the  chihl  and  for  the  purpose  of 
offering  the  wonderful  advantages  of  the  motion  picture  as  an  educa- 
tional feature,  we  are  going  ahead  with  our  plans  steadily,  and  we 
confidently  believe  that  the  result  will  appeal  to  all  the  social  and 
educational  interests  of   Detroit." — Moving  Picture   World. 

*  * 

HENRY   FORD  GIVES  $5,000,000  FOR  EDUCATIONAL  FILMS 

TTENRY  FORD  is  reported  to  have  given  .56,000  feet  of  films  to  the 
■*-■'-  University  of  Oklahoma  extension  division,  visual  instruction  de- 
partment. Tliese  pictures  are  interesting  stories,  yet  educational.  He 
has  agreed  to  furnish  films  of  educational  subjects  at  actual  cost.  He 
has  the  largest  private  film  production  plant  in  the  Unite<l  States  sind 
is  said  to  have  set  aside  $5,000,000  to  carry  on  this  educational  work. 


\\i 


11 


NORTH  DAKOTAS  IMMIGRATION  REELS 

New   Development   Films   in   Great   Demand,  Says   Commissioner 

of  Immigration 

NORTH  DAKOTA,  its  farm  life,  its  great  natural  resources 
of  coal  and  clay,  its  rural  school  advantages,  its  happy 
community  life  and  its  charming  scenic  wonders  are  being 
shown  to  the  world  on  the  motion  picture  screen. 

The  North  Dakota  Department  of  Immigration,  through  the 
Publicity  Film  Co.  of  Bismarck,  has  just  had  completed  an  en- 
tirely new  set  of  motion  picture  films.  One  of  these,  a  two-reeler, 
is  entitled  Rambles  in  North  Dakota.  It  shows  a  party  of  tourists 
entering  the  state  at  Fargo  and  making  the  trip  around  the  entire 
state.  Thev  go  over  the  Red  Trail  or  National  Parks  highway 
as  far  as  Dickinson,  making  many  side  trips  on  the  way.  They 
visit  the  Killdeer  mountains  and  the  Badlands,  and  then  go  to 
Williston  and  return  east  over  the  Theodore  Roosevelt  highway, 
making  side  trips  to  the  Turtle  Mountains,  Des  Lacs  Lake,  the 
Pembina  mountains  and  spending  some  time  at  Devils  Lake, 
lliey  take  in  the  annual  fairs  at  both  Grand  Forks  and  Fargo. 

Another  reel  is  entitled  North  Dakota,  Natural  Home  for 
Livestock  and  shows  the  development  of  the  livestock  industry; 
another  shows  the  methods  of  farming  in  North  Dakota  amd  is 
entitled  North  Dakota,  the  Sunshine  State,  the  Bread  Basket  of 
the  World.  One  film  is  devoted  to  Community  Life  in  North 
Dakota;  another  to  Rural  School  Advantages  in  North  Dakota 
and  the  last  is  called  An  Undeveloped  Empire  in  Industry  and  is 
devoted  exclusively  to  the  coal  and  clay  resources  of  the  state. 
In  addition  the  immigration  department  has  received  several 
copies  each  of  new  motion  picture  reels  just  completed  by  the 
company  for  several  counties  of  the  state.  These  counties  are 
cooperating  with  the  department  which  will  circulate  the  films 
outside  the  state.  The  counties  are  Burleigh,  Emmons,  Hettinger, 
Foster,  Wells,  Ward,  Mountrail  and  Williams. 

"All  of  these  films  are  in  tremendous  demand,"  says  Dr.  J.  H. 
Worst,  Commissioner  of  Immigration.  "Our  great  problem  is 
going  to  be  to  get  enough  copies  to  supply  the  demand  for  na- 
tional circulation.  We  have  had  many  copies  of  each  film  made 
but  already  find  that  we  have  not  near  enough  to  go  around. 
Besides  our  field  force,  which  has  found  the  motion  picture  the 
best  possible  method  of  showing  North  Dakota's  opportunities 
and  advantages  to  prospective  settlers,  all  of  the  immigration 
departments  of  the  railroads  that  go  across  the  state  and  several 
national  organizations  have  requested  reels. 

"Our  films  are  shown  to  representatives  of  the  Soo  line.  Great 
Northern  and  Northern  Pacific  in  St.  Paul,  and  to  the  representa- 
tives of  several  national  film  distribution  agencies  in  Chicago, 
and  we  were  informed  that  ours  were  the  best  developed  films 
that  had  ever  been  produced  in  the  United  States.  In  fact,  we 
are  told  that  no  other  slate  had  ever  attempted  anything  like  the 
work  we  are  doing  with  motion  pictures." 


A  CITIZENS  EDI  CATIONAL  CREED 

IBEI.IFA'E  that  cduoation  in  the  strong  defense  of  a  free  na- 
tion, and  that  iffnorancc  is  a  curse  to  any  people.  I  helieve 
that  tlic  free  piil)lK--s(h<K.l  system  of  the  I'nited  .States  is  the 
heiit  (fuanintee  of  the  ri)rhts  vimch.safed  to  us  by  the  Constitution. 
I  believe,  further,  tluit  the  puhlie  schools  of  the  land  arc  tlie 
cradle  of  our  denimTacy,  and  Hint  in  the  classrooms  and  upon  the 
playgrounds,  where  the  sons  and  daughters  of  the  street  sweeper 
and  railroad  inagiiate,  of  day  lalK)rer  and  niultimillionaire,  meet 
upon  an  equal  footing  and  stand  ujMm  their  own  individual 
merits,  the  lessons  of  denidcriiry  an<l  fraternity  are  best  taught. 
I  belie\e  that  the  hope  of  America  i4S  in  her  youth,  and  that  the 
battle  ground  of  tlie  world  is  the  heart  of  the  child,  and  that 
Government  fails  at  its  source  when  it  ceases  to  mal<e  ample 
provision  for  the  development  and  nurture  of  its  future  citirx-ns. 
—Fred.  L.  Shav;  8uptrinten<lent  of  Public  Initruction  of  South 
Dakota. 


FIRST  COMMUNITY  RECREATIONAL  FILMS 

THE    motion    picture   is   being   utilized    in    the    education 
people  of  the  country  to  an  appreciation  of  community  r 
reation,  through  "Play  and  Be  Happy"  and  "Keep  'Em  Smilin 
just  released  by  Community  Service,  Incorporated. 

The  films,  which  are  each  1,000  feet  in  length,  are  the  fi 
motion    pictures    dealing    exclusively    with    the    possibilities    o 
community  recreation.     The  organization  is  conducting  a  nation 
wide  movement  to  organize  communities  for  leisure-time  recrea 

tion. 

The  productions  go  into  detail  on  various  programs  in  motion 
such  as  community  centers  for  social,  gatherings,  development  o 
community  music,  pageants,  drama,  athletics,  and  the  scene 
were  taken  all  over  the  United  States. 

They    will    be    distributed    nationally,    and    may    be    secur 
through   application   to   Community   Service,   Incorporated, 
Madison  Avenue,  New  York. 

*  * 

NEW  7-REEL  MONTANA  FARM  FILM 
W^HEN  the  Farm  Bureau  Came  to  Fairview,"  a  motion  pi( 
"  ture  combining  comedy  and  drama  to  illustrate  the  c( 
ucational  value  of  farm  organization,  was  shown  at  West 
Theater,  Billings,  Montana,  March  29,  under  the  direction  ( 
H.  S.  Brossard,  county  farm  agent.  This  was  one  of  thrt 
presentations  given  in  this  county  under  the  auspices  of  the  fag 
bureau.     The  first  exhibition  was  at  Broadview,  March  28,  a|| 

'Mi. 

the  last  at  Worden,  March  30. 

The  picture  was  filmed  at  Bozeman,  and  deals  exclusively  wit 
farm  life  and  problems  in  Montana.  It  comprises  seven  reel 
Among  the  actors  or  participants  who  appear  in  the  picture  ai 
Lieutenant  Governor  Story  and  President  Atkinson,  of  agricu 
tural  college.  All  the  activities  of  the  farm  bureau  are  illustrate 
and  a  number  of  reels  are  devoted  to  farm  work  and  farm  cor 
munity  development.  Wives  of  farmers  and  their  children  p 
prominent  parts. 


1 


SWEDISH  CAMERAMEN  IN  AFRICA  AND  ASIA 

THE   Swedish   Biograph   Company,  of  Stockholm   and   New  York 
active  at  present  in  shooting  unusual  scenes  in  interesting  parts 
Africa  and  Asia.     Recently  Oscar  Olsson  with  a  party  of  hunters  ai 
natives  of  nearly   100   returned   from  a  movie  expedition  througli  t 
African   wilds,   liaving  started   from   Nairobi   a   year   and   a   half  aj 
He  brouglit  back  some  remarkable  pictures  of  bird  and  animal  life, 
well  as  much  footage  covering  tribal  life  and  racial  characteristics 
the  South  Nassai  Reserve  of  the  I-umbwa  and  South  Kaviroldo  distri 
four  davs'  march  from  Victoria  Nyanza.     Some  of  tlie  most  extraordi 
ary  shots  are  of  carrion  birds  feeding  on  the  cori)se  of  a  hyena  a 
fighting  over  it. 

Mr.  01s.son  is  making  another  film  expedition  through  the  heart  of  1 
African  jungle  with  Prince  William,  s(m  of  King  Gustav  of  Swed^ 
They  also  start  from  Nairobi  and  travel  via  Lake  Victoria  Nyanza 
tlie  "Belgian  Congo,  then  on  to  tlie  Nile  and  Cairo.  The  Kirunga  v 
cano  is  to  lie  filmed.  a 

Dr.   Bergman   and   Dr.   Malai.se  will  lead  Swedish  camera  partie* 
Kamcliatka   and   China.     A   Swedish  journalist   recently   returned  i 
his  movie  camera  from  a  five  months'  trip  through  the  Arctic  oceai 
a  Norwegian  trawler.     Axel  E.ssen,  another  journalist,  is  making  a 
trip  around  the  world  for  this  company. 

PLANTATION  LIFE  IN  CEYLON 

AEII.M  has  been  made  on  the  island  of  Ceylon  showing  the  life 
planter  and  his  wife.  The  scenes  have  been  taken  on  various  I 
estates.  Planters  and  their  wives  and  sister.'?  are  the  players  in 
unique  venture.  The  production  is  the  work  of  the  Ceylon  Film  ^ 
panv  of  which  A.  Kllis  is  manager.  .\  studio  has  lieen  constructe 
Bamlmlapitiva  and  all  of  the  developing  and  printing  wiU  be  dot 
the  local  laboratory.  The  picture  will  be  shown  in  London  and  < 
cities  of  the  British  Empire. 

*  * 

ANEW  religious  film  producing  company  is  the  Near  Ea«t  I 
Corporation,  recently  incorporate*!  in  New  York  state  with  a  c 
talizatUm  of  iS300,0(K).  George  H.  Topakyan  is  president.  An  office 
been  opened  at  500  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City.  The  first  produc 
i«  "The  Anti-Christ." 

12 


PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 


IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


Edited  by  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Ph.D. 

Educational    Director   of    tlie    National    Association    for   tlie    Study   and 
Education  of   Exceptional   Oiildren 

PROPOSED  STANDARDS  FOR  EVALUATING  EDUCATIONAL  FILMS 

By  Joseph  J.  Weber 

Readiness,  Motive,  Problem,  Learning  Effected,  Social  Value,  and 

Mechanics  Make  Up  100  Points  of  Suggested  Score  Card 


Preliminary  List  of  Members 

of  the 

COMMITTEE  ON  PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 

IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 

Working  under  the  auspices  of 

Educational  Film  Magazine 

Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmnan,  Ph.  D.,  Chairman,  107  West 
87th  Street,  New  York. 

Lawrence  Augustus  Averill,  Ph.  D.,  Prof.  Mass.  State 
Normal  School,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  G.  Balcom.  Assistant  Supt.  of  Schools,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Dr.  A.  A.  Brill,  1  West  70th  Street,  New  York. 

Mrs.  \^oodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  Comm.  Community 
Service  on  Motion  Pictures,  General  Federation  of 
Women's  Clubs,  220  West  42nd  Street,  New  York. 

Ernest  L.  Crandall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Visual  In- 
struction, Board  of  Education,  157  East  67th  Street, 
New  York. 

Dr.  T.  W.  Galloway,  Associate  Director,  Dept.  of  Educa- 
tional Activity,  The  Am.  Social  Hygiene  Ass'n,  105 
West  40th  Street,  New  York. 

Charles  F.  Herm,  Harrison,  N.  Y. 

Dr.  Edward  J.  Kempf,  100  West  59th  Street,  New  York. 

Prof.  James  E.  Lough,  Extramural  Division,  New  York 
University,  Washington  Square,  New  York. 

Everett  Dean  Martin,  Director,  Cooper  Union  Forum  of  the 
People's  Institute;  Chairman,  The  National  Bd.  of 
Review,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

Prof.  J.  L.  Meriam,  University  of  Missouri,  Columbia,  Mo. 

Geo.  E.  0"Dell,  Ethical  Society,  AH  Souls  Church,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich. 

Dr.  A.  M.  Rabiner,  354  So.  Third  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Rowland  Rogers,  Vice-Pres.,  Picture  Service  Inc.;  Chair- 
man, Curriculum  Committee,  N.  Y.  Visual  Instruction 
Ass'n,  51  East  42nd  Street,  New  York. 

Dr.  Alfred  H.  Saunders,  The  Educator's  Cinematograph 
Co.,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

David  R.  Sumstine,  Ph.D.,  Principal  Peabody  High  School, 
Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

J.  W.  Shepherd,  Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  University 
of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Okla. 

Joseph  J.  Weber,  195  Claremont  Avenue,  New  York. 

Dr.  G.  Clyde  Fisher,  Associate  Curator,  Am.  Museum  of 
Natural  History,  New  York. 

Dr.  Huber  W.  Hurt,  Scout  Executive,  Boy  Scouts  of  Amer- 
ica, 203  South  Dearborn  Street,  Chicago. 


NOW  that  the  moving  picture  i§  making  its  way  into  the 
school  room,  two  problems  arise.     One  of  these  is  how 
to  select  educational  films  from  the  many  pseudo-educa- 
tional films  available.    The  other  problem  is  merely  the 
counterpart  of  selection,  namely,  how  to  make  the  real  educa- 
tional film  in  the  future. 

We  cannot  select  intelligently,  nor  can  we  produce  the  best 
films,  without  guiding  standards.  If  we  were  to  use  only  one 
standard  for  evaluating  available  educational  films,  it  would 
very  likely  be  worded  as  follows:  Does  the  film,  in  a  satisfying 
and  superior  manner,  effect  learning  that  is  worth  while? 


But  one  single  standard  would  of  necessity  be  too  general  to 
be  of  any  specific  use.  There  would  be  a  lack  of  uniformity  in 
its  interpretation.  What  is  really  needed  is  a  score  card.  But 
the  science  of  film  pedagogy  is  still  too  young  to  have  produced 
such  a  measuring  stick.  In  fact,  before  we  can  work  out  a  score 
card,  we  must  have  some  sort  of  agreement  with  respect  to  a 
few  fundamental  considerations. 

It  is  with  this  need  in  view  that  I  am  proposing  a  number  of 
standards,  still  rather  general  but  more  specific  than  the  single 
standard  mentioned  above,  and  certainly  better  than  the  mere 
"general  impression."  Let  me  emphasize  that  these  standards 
are  tentative  only.  While  they  have  been  thought  out  with  great 
care  and  discussed  with  professors  and  students  at  Teachers 
College,  Columbia  University,  P  consider  them  only  a  beginning 
— suggestions  for  constructive  criticism. 

The  first  of  these  proposed  standards  concerns  the  ease  with 
which  the  film  captures  and  holds  the  attention  of  school 
children.  By  this  I  mean  the  nature,  variety,  and  extent  of  its 
appeals  to  their  instincts,  native  interests,  and  capacities.  The 
psychologist  calls  these  native  states  of  readiness.  For  example, 
does  the  film,  by  utilizing  personification,  youth,  animals,  clever 
and  sensational  behavior,  take  full  advantage  of  the  child's  native 
sympathies  ? 

The  next  standard  follows  logically.  It  concerns  motive, 
purpose.  Does  the  film  generate  a  motive,  inculcate  a  purpose, 
create  a  desire  to  learn  more  about  the  topic  being  shown?  Does 
it  fan  the  viewer's  ambition  for  larger  personal  growth,  for 
greater  achievement,  for  a  nobler  life?  Does  it  engender  the 
ideal  of  living  for  others— service  to  humanity?  Has  the  film 
that  inspirational  power  which  impels  those  who  see  it  to  carry 
out  its  message?     Does  it  make  a  wholesome  emotional  appeal? 

The  third  standard  is  a  crucial  one.  It  distinguishes  the  true 
educational  film  from  the  ordinary  pictorial  hash.  It  must  be 
remembered  that  the  so-called  educational  film  of  today  is  a 
mere  conglomeration  of  snapshots  reeled  off  before  the  optience 
with  no  attempt  at  creating  a  problem.  No  feature  picture  can 
succeed  without  a  plot.  Yet  our  educational  pictures  are  dished 
out  without  one  every  day.  Why  not  whet  a  boy's  appetite 
before  you  feed  him?  Does  the  film  present  a  main  problem? 
Does  it  suggest  subordinate  problems?  Does  it  solve  them  satis- 
fyingly?  Does  it  solve  them  in  that  order  which  best  develops 
the  main  problem?  Does  it  bring  the  main  problem  to  a  climax? 
Does  the  problem  of  the  film  become  the  child's  problem?  Unless 
the  educational  film  creates  and  solves  a  vital  problem  it  is  not 
an  educational  film. 

Does  the  Film  Produce  Thinking 

The  fourth  standard  in  a  way  sums  up  all  the  foregoing.  It 
concerns  results.  If  full  advantage  of  the  native  states  of  readi- 
ness has  been  taken  by  the  film,  if  a  purpose  or  motive  has  been 
aroused,  if  a  problem  has  been  solved,  learning  must  have  been 
effected.      The   fourth    standard    is   therefore    learning   effected. 


U 


Does  the  film  produce  cerebration — thinking?  Does  it  create 
bonds?  Does  it  give  new  facts,  ideas,  insights?  Does  it  effect 
mental  growlh? 

These  four  standards  are  the  standards  of  the  educational 
psychologist.  From  the  standpoint  of  sociology  another  standard 
may  be  added.  Does  the  topic  filmed  justify  its  place  in  the 
curriculum?  Or  can  a  better  film  be  shown  in  its  place?  Is  it 
worth  the  pupils'  time,  the  teachers"  efforts,  and  the  community's 
expense?     What  is  its  determinable  social  value? 

Still  another  standard  may  come  at  the  end.  It  concerns  itself 
with  the  mechanics  of  the  film.  Is  the  photography  good?  Is 
the  arrangement  of  the  pictorial  detail  such  as  to  produce  em- 
phasis and  eliminate  distracting  elements?  Is  each  scene  shown 
the  proper  length  of  time?  Are  the  captions  brief,  pithy,  clever, 
correct?  Fs  there  a  happy  balance  between  explanations  and 
significant  behavior  depicted? 

These  six  standards,  I  admit,  are  still  very  general.  But  they 
are  a  step  in  the  right  direction.  They  form  the  foundation  for 
a  score  card.  To  some  extent  they  can  be  used  as  such.  I  here- 
with submit  the  beginnings  of  a  score  card  which  any  enterpris- 
ing educator  can  readily  adapt  to  guide  him  in  the  selection  of 
educational  films. 

The  numbers  on  the  right  indicate  arbitrary  values  assigned 
to  each  topic  on  a  basis  of  a  hundred  points.  There  is  no  reason 
why  the  standards  should  be  considered  equal  in  value.  Other 
values  may  be  assigned.  In  fact,  one  or  two  standards  may  be 
omitted  altogelher;  and,  certainly,  new  ones  may  be  added,  and 
probably  will  be  in  the  near  future. 

Tentative  Standards 
READINESS    (15) 

Personification,  human  beings,  animals,  young  things. 

Mysterious,  novel,  familiar,  sensational  behavior,  etc. 
MOTIVE    (15) 

Create  desire  to  learn  iiMire  on  topic?    Fan  aml)ition 

to  grow,  improve,  achiever    Kngender  ideal  of  service 

to  fellow  man? 
PROBLEM (20) 

Main   Problem — vital,  gripping,  interesting,  whetting 

curiosity? 

Subordinate   Problems   —   complicating?   relevant   to 

main  problem? 

Development  and   Solution  —  satisfaction,  suspense, 

climax?  full  solution? 

LEARNING    EFFECTED (20) 

Pirture  memories? 

Facts,  ideas,  etc.? 

Suggestions  for  improving  skills? 

Insights,  understanding? 

Inferences,  etc.? 

SOCIAL    VALUE _ _ (16) 

Considering  time  required  of  pupils? 

Effort  and  ex|)ense  of  showing  films? 

Is  the  toi)ic  worth  its  pliicv  in  tlie  curriculum? 

MECHANICS  _ (15) 

Miotogrnphy  goo<l? 
Ammjiciiient  for  ciiiphasls? 
Duration  of  scene  elements? 
Captions  brief,  correct,  etc.? 

We  submit  this  interesting  suggestion  to  our  readers  witliout  com- 
ment. It  offers  a  tentjttive  plan  .somewhat  in  line  with  the  p.sycliological 
tests  wiiich  have  recently  been  developed  to  measure  mental  values.  We 
may  ask  uIhi  is  to  evaluate  the  flliiis  under  dl.seu.ssion  in  aecordjuice 
with  the  projM.sed  score  card?  t  |hiii  what  ol)servatlonal  basis?  We 
invite  our  reiulers"  erili<isiii,  mid  their  cooperation  in  trying  out  the 
plan.—  EiiiTOR. 


Joseph  .1.  Wel>er  is  a  studriil  at  Teachers  College,  Columbia 
University.  New  York  City,  lie  is  working  toward  his  (lo<tor 
of  phihisophy  ilegree.  wbi.b  he  hopes  to  earn  by  next  fall:  and 
his  work  centers  specihcally  n)Hiti  experimental  research—  at- 
teniptim:  to  estal>lish  the  eduiati.injl  nioti<m  picture  as  a  valuable 
factor  in  education. 


EVALUATING   FILMS  AT  COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY 

Group   of   New   York    Educators   Discuss    Pedagogic   Values   in 
Motion   Pictures   after   Seeing   Them    Screened 

A  GROUP  of  well  known  educators  at  Columbia  Universit 
had  presented  to  them,  by  the  National  Committee  fo 
Better  Films,  film  subjects  on  geography,  biology,  indus 
try,  popular  astronomy,  and  industrial  education.  These  repre 
sented  fairly  the  progress  made  with  motion  pictures  in  connec 
tion  wirh  class-room  instruction.  Among  those  present  were:  Drs 
W.  H.  Kilpa'.rick,  J.  C.  Bell,  C.  A.  Perry,  G.  H.  Chatfield,  A.  W 
Edson,  Wm.  McAndrew,  J.  F.  Reigart,  M.  T.  Scudder,  W.  0 
Ryan  and  J.  L.  Tildsley.  The  aim  of  the  meeting  was  to  discufl 
some  educational  principles  involved  through  generalizing  fron 
the  facts  presented  in  individual  pictures. 

It  was  generally  accepted  that  in  all  cases  there  should 
proper  organization  of  educational  material :  in  other  words, 
have  a  definite  object  with  each  theme  and  make  the  pictur^ 
develop  and  give  point  to  it.  Each  subject  should  be  a  distinc 
entity,  as  free  as  possible  from  material  which  would  draw  fron 
the  subjects  under  discussion.  In  geographical  films,  for  in 
stance,  it  is  unwise  to  introduce  many  historical  or  industrial 
facts  or  material  dealing  with  manners  and  customs.  There  is  ( 
danger  of  making  pictures  too  scrappy. 

It  appeared  desirable,  at  least  in  geography,  to  have  thret 
types  of  treatment  of  a  large  subject,  such  as  the  details  olj 
United  States  geography,  to  meet  the  developing  knowledge  ol 
grade  pupils.  It  was  understood  that  the  progress  would  nalur 
ally  be  from  the  obvious  things  which  attract  the  eye  to  the  mor«, 
complicated  subjecis  interesting  to  pupils  of  the  seventh  and 
eighth  grades. 

Film  Material  Unorganized;  Lacks  Purpose 

The  common  criticisms  of  most  present  day  travel,  scenic, 
nature  and  scientific  films  were  that  they  were  lacking  in  purpose 
other  than  general  entertainment,  were  too  scrappy,  were  pre- 
pared for  adults,  and  were  poorly  titled. 

In  all  cases  the  attempt  should  be  to  present  material  as  il 
would  naturally  attract  the  attention  of  the  child.  In  this  con- 
neclion  there  were  discussed  the  kinds  of  subjects  which  would 
attract  the  attention  of  the  growing  child  at  the  seashore. 

It  was  generally  accepted  that  the  films  should  supplement 
the  verbal  instruction  of  the  teacher  and  the  facts  brought  to 
the  attention  of  the  child  through  books.  No  generalization  was 
made  regarding  the  time  when  the  film  should  be  used  in  this 
process.  In  certain  cases  it  was  recognized  that  the  instruction 
of  the  teacher  should  precede  or  follow  the  film  or  accompany 
it,  emphasizing  facts  to  be  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  child, 

The  titles  and  sub-titles,  or  legends,  should  be  studied  with 
great  care  as  to  content,  length  and  frequency.  They  should 
suggest  points  to  be  noted  rather  than  contain  descriptions  ol 
obvious  facts  and  be  in  simple,  accurate  and  attractive  form. 

Visualize  the  Unusual 

The  ordinary  facts  easily  grasped  through  discussion  or  the 
book  should  be  treated  in  films  only  incidentally,  the  purpose 
of  motion  pictures  being  to  indicate  the  unusual  unique  facts 
and  those  requiring  considerable  imagination.  For  example:  Il 
is  unnecessary  to  give  the  general  surroundings  of  an  iron  mine 
the  important  items  being  those  which  are  beyond  the  experience 
of  most  children  and  impossible  to  visualize. 
(CurUinued  on  page  18) 


14 


■•ft  ^'-x. 


SOCIAL  WELFARE 


FILM  WORK  OF  U.  S.  SOCIAL  HYGIENE  BOARD 

Interesting  Facts  and  Figures  in  Official  Report  for  Fiscal  Year 
Ending  June  30,  1920 


THE  official  report  of  the  Division  of  Educational  Research 
and  Development  of  the  United  States  Interdepartmental 
Social  Hygiene  Board  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30, 
1920,  which  has  just  been  published,  gives  some  in'.erest- 
ing  facts  and  figures  on  the  motion  picture  work  of  the  board  not 
only  for  that  period  but  for  the  academic  year  1920-21. 

Among  the  allotments  for  the  latter  period  for  sociological 
and  psychological  researches  there  was  one  of  $10,000  to  the 
American  Social  Hygiene  Asso- 
iciation  for  the  development  of 
I  three  new  films,  one  for  use  with 
j  policemen,  one  describing  the  pro- 
I  tective  social  measures  program 
I  thai    is    being    developed    by    the 

■  board,  and  one  to  be  used  in  con- 
■nection  with  other  public  health 
[films.  A  supplementary  allotment 
I  of  $7,500  has  been  made  to  com- 
'  plete  the  researches  begun  under 
I  the  allotment  for  1919-20. 
I  Under  the  authority  reposed  in 
•  the  board  to  allot  money  from  the 
,  educational  research  and  develop- 
■[  ment  fund  to  qualified  institutions 
i  "for  the  purpose  of  making  so- 
'  ciological    and    psychological    re- 

■  searches"  related  to  "more  effec- 
i  live  educational  measures  in  the 
I  prevention  of  venereal  diseases,"  two  allotments  were  made  for 

researches  to  be  carried  on  during  the  fiscal  year  1919-20.  The 
character  of  these  researches  and  the  progress  made  in  carrying 
them  on  are  summarized  below. 

Psychological  Research  at  Johns  Hopkins 

1.  Psychological  laboratory,  Johns  Hopkins  University: 

(1)    Under  date  of  June  6,  1919,  an  allotment  of  $6,600  was 

■.  made   to    the    psychological    laboratory    of    the   Johns    Hopkins 

I  University  for  the  "purpose  of  investigating  the  informational 
and  educative  effect  upon  the  public  of  certain  motion-picture 
films  used  in  various  campaigns  for  the  control,  repression,  and 
elimination  of  venereal  diseases."  This  investigation  was  imder- 
taken  by  Dr.  John  B.  Watson,  assisted  by  Dr.  K.  S.  Lashley,  under 
the  general  supervision  of  an  advisory  committee,  approved  by 
the  Interdepartmental  Social  Hygiene  Board.  This  committee 
consisted  of  Dr.  Adolf  Meyer,  director  of  the  Phipps  Psychiatric 
Clinic,  Baltimore,  Md.;  Dr.  S.  I.  Franz,  psychiatrist.  Government 
Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Washington,  D.  C;  and  Dr.  Robert  S. 
Woodworth,  professor  of  psychology,  Columbia  University,  New 
York. 

The  research  was  formulated  and  conducted  with  the  specific 
object  of  securing  data  that  would  aid  materially  and  reliably 

,  in  answering  four  questions   relative  to  the  informational   and 

i  educative  effects  of  the  pictures  already  in  use: 


/^NE  of  the  many  effective  scenes  from  the  motion  picture  "The  End 
^  of  the  Road."  desiffned  for  present.ition  to  women  and  girls,  to 
lielp  combat  tlie  menace  of  venereal  disease. 


(a)  The  amount,  kind,  and  accuracy  of  information  they  can  give; 
(6)  The  emotions  they  arouse; 

(c)  The  transitory  and  permanent  effects  they  produce  in  the  be- 
havior of  those  who  see  tliem; 

(rf)  The  prohable  social  effects  of  such  permanent  modifications  in 
l)ehavior  as  may  he  made. 

The  method  of  procedure  included:  A  preliminary  study  of  all 
films  now  in  use  for  the  purpose  of  selecting  the  film  best 
adapted  to  the  objects  of  the  research:  thorough  analysis  of  the 
film  selected,  Fit  to  Win,  with  respect  to  its  informational  and 

emotional  content  and  the  relative 
distribution  of  time  and  emphasis 
to  the  different  informational  and 
emotional  effects  aimed  at:  show- 
ing of  the  film  to  many  groups  of 
individuals  of  various  economic, 
social,  and  educational  status,  and 
investigation  of  the  results  of  such 
showings  by  questionnaires,  per- 
sonal conferences,  observation  of 
audiences,  and  inquiries  as  to  re- 
sults in  communities  after  a  lapse 
of  some  months. 

This  main  line  of  investigation 
was  supplemented  by  an  elaborate 
set  of  questions  designed  to  "ob- 
tain, from  medical  men  and 
women  who  have  had  most  to  do 
with  problems  in  sex  education 
and  the  actual  treatment  of  ven- 
ereal infections,  judgments  and  opinions  as  to  what  it  is  wise 
and  safe  to  present  to  the  public." 

Status  of  Research  Work 


(2)   The  status  of  this 
is  reported  by  Dr.  Watson 

(a)  A  fairly  elaborate 
questionary  dealing  with 
sex  education,  with  facts 
that  will  assist  us  in  evalu- 
ating the  film  Fit  to  Win 
and  with  those  relevant  to 
the  construction  of  future 
films  for  venereal  -  disease 
propaganda,  was  sent  to 
all  members  of  the  Ameri- 
qan  Psychopathological  As- 
sociation, American  Gyne- 
cological Society,  and  The 
American  Association  of 
Genito- Urinary  Surgeons. 
The  response  to  this  ques- 
tionary was  very  generous 
indeed  and  so  far  as  I 
know  it  is  the  first  serious 
attempt  to  gain  a  concen- 
.sus  of  opinion  of  medical 
men  on  such  problems.  This 
material  has  been  copied 
in  its  entirety  and  copies 
will  be  deposited  with  the 
United  States,  Interde- 
partmental Social  Hygiene 
tion,     national     committee 


investigation  up  to  June  30,  inclusive, 
as  follows: 


CECTION  of  animated  diaf^ram  from  tlie  two- 
'-^  reel  film  "Venereal  Disea.ses,  Their  GriRin 
and   Result." 

Board,  American   Social   Hygiene  Associa- 
for    mental     hygiene,     Phipps     Psychiatric 


15 


Clmic.  Most  venereal  disease  ])n>pagaiula  are  the  conceptions  anil 
executions  of  a  single  individual  or  at  most  of  a  small  group  of  indi- 
viduals. This  body  of  medical  opinion  should  be  consulted  by  every 
one  engaged  in  venereal  disease  instruction.  The  complete  document 
is  so  long  that  a  summary,  which  will  rei>rcsent  about  50  printed  pages, 
is  being  prepared  for  the  journal  Mental  Hygiene. 

(6)  The  film  has  been  slwwn  to  many  proups  of  individuals.  We  may 
mention  briefly,  at  Camp  Holabird  to  1,000  soldiers;  at  Wilmington  to 
a  body  of  Du  Pont  individuals,  including  superintendents,  assistant 
superintendents,  and  personnel  workers;  before  -500  individuals  of  the 
BrookljTi  Rapid  Transit  Co.  (the  audience  in  this  case  was  confined 
solely  to  motormcn,  conductors,  and  car-barn  workers) ;  before  500 
sailors  at  the  Seamen's  Institute,  Xew  York.  In  all  of  these  showings, 
many  details  bearing  up  the  present  film  and  all  future  films  were  ob- 
served. Furthermore,  in  all  of  these  cases  the  qucstionary  was  filled 
out  by  the  audience.  On  the  basis  of  tliese  results  it  is  possible  for  us 
to  obtain  a  goo<l  idea  of  the  organization  of  the  audience  concerning 
venereal-disease  matters  before  the  film  was  shown,  and  their  increased 
organiiution  due  to  the  showing  of  the  film.  The  actual  film  showings 
and  the  filling  out  of  the  qucstionary  together  with  our  own  ol)servations 
on  the  etfect  of  the  film  will  rq)rtsent  tlie  bulk  of  the  report  we  are 
now  preparing. 

(c)  In  addition  to  this  work  where  results  can  be  controlled,  we  se- 
lected two  towns  in  Maryland,  Sali-sbuiy  and  Cambridge,  for  active 
propaganda  work.  These  towns  were  circularized,  posters  were  put  up, 
newspaper  notices  were  inserted,  etc.,  and  the  films  were  shown  for  a 
whole  week  to  both  negroes  and  whites.  Previous  to  our  showing  the 
films  in  these  towns  we  had  gained  confidence  of  the  physicians,  drug- 
gists, and  clergjTnen.  A'aluable  material  is  collecting  as  a  result  of 
this  work.  It  is  collecting  of  course,  in  the  form  of  opinions  and  judg- 
ments gathered  by  the  pliysicians,  druggists  and  clergymen  from  the 
conversation  and  actions  of  the  citizens  who  saw  the  film. 

(d)  The  complete  report  should  be  in  the  hands  of  the  United  States 
Interdepartmental  Social  Hygiene  Board  on  or  about  September  1. 
This  will  be  printed  in  full,  but  in  what  journal  is  not  yet  determined. 

Am.  Social  Hygiene  Ass'n.  Film  Report 

Allotment  was  made  July  25,  1919,  to  the  American  Social 
Hygiene  Association  for  two  series  of  practical  investigations. 
For  the  preparation  of  a  series  of  motion-picture  films,  $15,000 
was  allotted.  Progress  in  this  project  is  set  forth  in  the  report 
by  the  general  director  of  the  American  Social  Hygiene  Asso- 
ciation, June  30,  1920,  as  follows: 

During  the  fiscal  year  the  American  Social  Hygiene  Association 
has  been  engaged  upon  a  series  of  enterprises  involving  educational 
research  in  the  development  of  motion-picture  films  and  new  literature. 

(1)   Motion-picture  films: 

First,  the  film  for  the  education  of  the  physicians  in  the  modern 
diagnosis  and  treatment  of  gonorrhea  has  been  completed  and  after 
approval  by  the  tward  is  doing  excellent  service  in  the  field. 

Second,  the  lecture  film  for  wcmen  has  been  completed  and  after 
approval  by  the  board  is  being  carefully  tested  out  before  selected 
audiences  in  different  parts  of  the  country. 

Third,  the  revision  of  the  lecture  fihn  for  men  has  been  completed 
and  after  approval  by  the  board  is  being  circulated  with  constantly 
increasing  influence  throughout  the  cimntry. 

Fourth,  the  film  for  explaining  the  general  social  hygiene  program 
which  Iws  come  to  be  popularly  spoken  of  as  the  ,\merican  plan,  has 
been  completed  l)ut  has  not  been  presented  to  the  board  for  final  ap- 
proval because  various  jwrtions  of  it  are  not  considered  by  the  motion- 
picture  committee  of  the  association  to  be  best  adapted  to  the  purpo.se. 
Experiments  have  been  going  forward  for  some  months  testing  this 
film  by  showings  to  audiences  in  various  parts  of  the  country  securing 
the  comments  of  those  present,  and  then  modifying  the  film  along  lines 
indicate<l  by  the  concensus  of  the  opinions  secured.  It  is  expected 
shortly  to  have  all  the  debatable  i>oints  covered  and  to  release  this  film 
for  public  use  as  soon  as  the  board  has  approved  it. 

Fifth,  the  film  for  u.se  in  normal  schools  in  instructing  teachers  has 
been  practically  completed,  but  has  not  been  presented  for  final  ap- 
proval of  the  board,  as  it  is  likewise  in  the  process  of  final  testing. 

Sixth,  the  film  for  adolescent  boys  has  not  been  completed,  but  the 
photographic  work  has  been  done  and  the  several  parts  of  the  film  are 
now  l)eing  teste<l  out  with  various  audiences  in  boys'  departments  of 
the  '^'oung  Men's  Cliristian  ,\».sociation,  by  Scout  Clubs,  sdiools,  and 
other  groupings  of  lioys.  .\s  .s<H)n  as  these  field  researches  are  com- 
pleted the  film  will  be  assembled  and  tested  in  final  form(  prior  to 
pre»entation  to  the  iMmrd   for   formal  approval. 

»    w 

PARA.MOUNT  MAGAZINE  NOW  ENTIRELY  CARTOONS 

pARA.MOUNT  MAGAZINE  in  future  wiU  be  600  feet  in  length, 
"^  taken  up  entirely  with  a  cartoon  comedy.  These  comedies  will  be 
novel  In  form,  intnMlucing  real  characters  who  will  carry  along  the 
comedy  action  with  the  cartoon  figures.  They  will  be  written  and  cxe- 
cute<i  by  Eerl  Hurd,  Pat  Sullivan,  Frank  Moser  and  Henry  D.  Bailey. 
They  will  work  in  rotation,  ea<'h  employing  the  familiar  cartoon  char- 
acters, Mr.  Hurd  using  "Bobby  Bumps"  as  his  central  figure;  Pat 
Sullivan,  "Felix  the  Cat;"  Frank  Moser,  "Bud  and  Susie,"  and  Henry 
I).  BaUey,  "The  HooU."   There  wiU  be  one  release  each  week. 


FINDING  FOLKS  IN  FILMS 

How  Little  Four-Year-Old  Sarkis  in  Far-Off  Armenia  was 
Restored  to  His  Beloved  Mother  in  America 

THE  film  is  devoted  to  scenes  in  the  Near  East.  The  house 
is  very  quiet,  for  in  the  story  the  screen  tells  of  these  victims 
of  persecution  there  is  nothing  to  cause  a  laugh. 

Suddenly,  out  of  the  silence,  there  is  a  shrill  cry,  "Mother,  it's 
Sarkis!  Mother,  did  you  see  Sarkis?  Oh,  Mother,  there,  there! 
No,"  with  a  despairing  wail,  "he's  gone  out  of  the  picture!'' 

Mother  had  seen  Sarkis.  Trust  a  mother  to  find  her  own  when 
her  eyes  every  waking  hour  are  seeking  the  one  who  is  lost. 
She  later  saw  the  manager;  at  her  request  he  gave  her  the  name 
of  the  place  where  that  particular  film  was  taken;  she  went  m 
the  Near  East  Relief,  obtained  the  name  of  the  manager  of  the 
orphanage  in  the  picture;  a  cable  was  sent,  and  Sarkis  was 
located  I 

She  Lost  Sarkis  in  the  Desert 

She  sent  the  money,  and  as  quickly   as   possible  Sarkis  w 
sent  to  her.     She  had  been  driven  from  her  home  with  four 
children,  all  small,  and  one  a  babe  in  arms.     She  was  one  of 
thousands  who  went  into  the  desert,  hoping,  by  walking  across 
it,  to  find  relief  and  shelter. 

Two  of  her  children  died  on  the  way.  There  was  no  time  for 
burial;  no  one  had  the  strength  to  dig  a  grave.  She  said  a 
prayer  and  went  on.  Then  one  night,  in  a  terrible  storm  that 
swept  consternation  over  this  brave  little  band,  she  lost  Sarkis. 
He  had  strayed  away  in  the  blackness  of  the  night,  and  though 
she  called  and  called  till  her  voice  was  lost,  she  could  not  make 
him  hear.  She  hoped,  in  time,  that  a  merciful  God  had  taken 
him,  for  death  is  the  kindest  of  friends  in  that  country. 

She  reached  a  port  of  safety;  her  brother  in  America  sent 
money  for  her  and  the  last  remaining  child  to  come  to  him.  Her 
husband  had  been  killed;  she  was  homeless,  penniless,  and  heart- 
broken. She  came  to  this  country,  and  her  brother,  to  beguile 
her  from  her  grief  had  taken  her  to  a  movie  show,  telling  h 
there  were  to  be  pictures  of  her  beloved  Armenia. 

Sarkis  Smiled  xt  Her  from  the  Screen 

It  was  in  one  of  these  films  that  she  saw  a  black-haired,  laugh- 
ing boy  of  four,  standing  in  line  with  a  soup  bowl  in  his  hand. 
He  was  no  longer  covered  with  filth  and  vermin;  his  face  and 
form  had  rounded  out.  His  clothing  was  neat  and  clean.  He 
smiled,  and  though  she  had  not  seen  that  smile  since  the  day 
they  were  driven  from  home,  she  knew  it !  Tt  was  Sarkis,  restored 
to  her! 

This  finding  of  lost  relatives  through  pictures  on  the  screen 
has  happened  many  times,  and,  as  in  the  case  of  Sarkis,  has 
resulted  in  a  reunited  family.  The  film,  in  this  way,  becomes 
an  agent  of  mercy  in  a  way  never  expected. 

The  Near  East  Relief  asks  no  further  explanation  of  its  work 
than  the  pictures  of  the  people  of  Armenia,  as  they  were,  and  a^, 
they  are. 

As  they  will  be  in  a  picture  yet  to  be  screened:  through 
efforts  of  the  Near  East  Relief  it  will  be  a  series  of  pictun 
showing  a  people  finding  comfort  and  strength  in  industry; 
rebuilding  both  family  and  nation. 

"GOLF"  IN  SLOW  MOTION 

•pDUCATIONAL  FILMS  CORPORATION  promises  that  the  wealth; 
■'-'  golf  devotee  will  .soon  be  using  the  nvotion  picture  camera  to  dis 
cover  why  he  is  "off  his  game,"  instead  of  relying  on  some  expensive 
professional.  It  is  releasing  a  slow  motion  picture  entitled  "Golf,', 
which  is  said  to  show  the  greater  jwrtion  of  the  conunon  faults  of  thi 
player,  tliough  it  is  intended  for  amusement  rather  than  technical  in' 
structioB. 


lie 

1 


16 


.-J^T; 


RELIGIOUS 


"HERE  COMES  THE  BRIDE!" 

Actual  Marriage  of   Eight   Year  Old  Girl  to   Man   of   Fifty— One 

of  the  Many   Instructive  and  Fascinating  Films  in  the 

Interchurch    Collection    Acquired    by    International 

By  Hilda  D.  Jackson 


HERE  comes  the  bride!"  These  four  little  words  conjure 
up  one  of  memory's  sweetest  pictures  to  American  minds. 
The  dim,  religious  atmosphere  of  the  church,  the  air 
heavy  with  fragrance,  the  sonorous  organ,  the  gleaming 
white  bride  crowned  with  orange  blossoms,  her  bright-hued  attend- 
ants, the  dignified  ushers,  the  minister's  benediction,  and  finally 
the  shower  of  rice  and  confetti  to  Godspeed  the  happy  couple 
upon  their  new  road. 
But  suppose  it  were — 

"Here  comes  the  bridegroom!"  And  suppose  the  little  bride 
were  entirely  neglected,  while  attentions  were  heaped  upon  the 
groom.  Suppose  it  were  he  alone  who  is  feted  and  honored  and 
showered  with  gifts;  suppose  he  wore  all  the  gay  and  luxurious 
finery,  all  the  shining  jewelry,  suppose  the  orange  blossoms 
rested  upon  his  brow,  and  upon  him  only  is  cast  the  rice  for 
good  luck  and  happiness! 

Wouldn't  it  seem  like  the  Topsy  Turvy  Land  of  Alice's  wonder 


India— ToPSY  Turvy  Land 

Such  a  land  does  exist,  however,  and  these  customs,  so  at 
variance  with  Christian  ideals  and  traditions,  are  still  being 
observed. 

It  is  IVidia,  mysterious  India,  swarming  with  copper-colored 
humanity,  which  is  a  real  Topsy  Turvy  Land  when  it  comes  to 
marriage  customs. 

Although  we  have  often  been  told  outward  show  is  of  no  par- 
ticular importance  in  itself,  it  is  of  great  importance  as  an  indi- 
cation of  fundamental  customs.  And  fundamental  customs  in 
India  still  include  child  marriage  and  place  the  wife  in  a  most 
unenviable  position  in  her  husband's  household. 
'  For  the  first  time  it  is  now  possible  for  Christian  people 
everywhere  actually  to  see  conditions  which  they  have  long  been 
trying  to  alleviate. 

The  Interchurch  World  Movement,  in  its  commendable  am- 
bition to  create  a  more  sympathetic  world  brotherhood,  turned 
to  the  motion  picture.  At  various  times  four  expeditions  were 
dispatched  to  India  and  China;  Central  America;  Northern 
Africa;  Japan,  Hawaii  and  the  Federated  Malay  States.  A  re- 
markable series  of  films  was  taken  portraying  actual  conditions 
in  these  lands:  methods  of  work,  of  living,  of  play,  of  worship; 
reels  of  scenics,  of  educational  content;  of  missionary  effort; 
in  fact — the  films  constitute  one  of  the  most  sweeping  pictorial 
surveys  of  non-Christian  lands  and  races  ever  attempted. 

63,000  Feet  of  Interchurch  Negative 

When  the  Interchurch  Movement  terminated  the  pictures  were 
one  of  its  most  valuable  assets.  But,  unclassified,  untitled,  the 
reels  scattered  over  several  continents,  this  splendid  accumulation 
of  material  bade  fair  to  become  lost  to  civilization. 


Recently,  however,  the  International  Church  Film  Corporation, 
an  organization  of  churchmen  who  are  producing  and  distribut- 
ing motion  pictures  to  churches,  acquired  the  entire  footage  of 
the  Interchurch  production.  This  includes  .51,000  feet  of  which 
38,000  were  taken  in  India  and  China;  7,000  in  Northern  Africa, 
and  6,000  in  Central  America.  This  is  now  being  assembled, 
classified  and  titled  in  New  York  City  and  will  soon  be  shown 
throughout  the  churches  of  America.  An  additional  12,000  feet 
of  film  taken  in  Japan,  Hawaii,  and  the  Malay  States,  sent  to 
America  through  the  French  registered  mail,  has  gone  astray. 
Ft  is  being  traced  and  when  located  will  be  added  to  the  rest. 

The  pictures  taken  in  India  form  one  of  the  most  interesting 
and  illuminating  series  of  the  entire  collection. 


'PllI-.   L'if;:lit    \ear   old    l/iiiie,    ilic    lilU    \^'ar    old    bi  iik';;i  iKtni.    .tii-J    lia-    lii^li 
priest — principals    in    tlie  queerest   marriage   ceremony   India   can   boast. 
Scene  from  a  new  International  release. 

The  Marriage  of  May  and  December 

An  actual  marriage  is  shown  in  which  a  tiny  eight  year  old 
girl  becomes  the  wife  of  a  man  of  more  than  50  years.  The 
whole  procedure,  from  the  moment  when  the  little  girl  walking 
with  her  mother  meets  with  the  approval  of  the  man;  the  'go- 
between'  bargaining  with  the  father;  the  settlement;  the  prepa- 
ration, and  finally  the  ceremony,  is  shown. 

Frankness  in  India  reaches  heights  unsuspected  in  America. 
Before  the  ceremony  the  friends  of  the  bride's  parents  rejoice 
because  the  girl's  father  has  at  last  found  a  husband  for  her. 

Our  sentimental  "lover's  knot"  originated  here.  During  the 
ceremony  a  portion  of  the  bride's  clothing  is  tied  to  the  robes 
of  her  lord  and  master  to  indicate  that  she  must  follow  him  al- 
ways; but  later  the  knot  is  untied  to  signify  that  the  husband  is 
free  to  roam  where  he  wills. 

The  Groom  Is  "It" 

The  groom  is  the  center  of  attraction  always.  The  bride  is 
an  insignificant  accessory  to  the  fact,  that  is  all.     Care  is  taken 


17 


to  shower  onlv  the  groom  with  rice,  for  in  India  popular  belief 
has  it  that  to  cast  rice  upon  the  bride  is  equal  to  "throwing  it 
to  the  crows." 

Unfortunate  as  is  the  status  of  the  wife,  it  is  nothing  compared 
to  the  lot  of  the  widow.  The  husband's  death  can  only  result 
from  the  wickedness  of  the  wife,  according  to  India's  theory. 
Her  head  is  shaven,  her  trinkets  taken  from  her,  and  she  is  turned 
out  into  the  streets,  or  handed  over  to  a  male  relative  to  be  con- 
ducted to  the  Temple. 

The  fate  of  the  Temple  Girls  is  notorious  the  world  over.  So 
soon  as  their  attractiveness  wanes  they  are  cast  out.  India  teems 
with  these  wretched  homeless  women. 

Religious  leaders  believe  that  these  pictures,  secured  after 
many  months  of  effort,  will  prove  a  mighty  force  in  helping 
Christianity  to  improve  the  status  of  women  in  Pndia.  Interna- 
tional, through  its  fifteen  branch  offices  in  this  country,  is  plan- 
ning to  give  this  new  film  library  widest  distribution  to  churches 
and  schools. 

PREACHING  THE  GOSPEL  WITH  PICTURES 

How    a    Massachusetts    Minister    Selects    and    Manages    His    Film 
Programs  and   Puts  Over   His   Religious  Messages 

REV.  J.  CALEB  JUSTICE,  of  East  Braintree,  Mass.,  has  a 
message  for  many  ministers  who  are  using  pictures  for 
religious  purposes.     He  has  consented  to  the  quo'.ing  of 
excerpts  from  his  letters  to  the  National  Committee  for 
Belter  Films  and  his  programs,  to  assist  hundreds  of  ministers 
who  use  pictures  for  Sunday  evening  service. 

'T  have  had  many  requests  from  ministers"'  says  Mr.  Justice, 
"as  to  my  use  of  motion  pictures  as  sermon  material  and  thought 
it  might  be  of  interest  to  you  to  know  how  I  construct  these  pro- 
grams. One  great  mistake  that  ministers  in  churches  make  who 
adopt  motion  pictures  is  that  they  seem  to  think  that  the  movies 
run  themselves,  and  the  worst  mistake  of  all  is  that  they  put 
in  the  pictures  primarily  to  draw  the  crowds.  Much  harm  is 
being  done  to  the  use  of  pictures  in  the  church  by  these  wrong 
aims.  Neither  church  nor  minister  can  run  long  that  way;  ihe 
minister  resigns;  the  pictures  go  out  under  a  cloud. 

First  Aim  to  Preach  the  Gospel  with  Pictures 

"My  first  aim  is  to  preach  the  Gospel  and  the  religion  that 
is  in  the  hearts  of  men,  and  use  motion  pictures  to  illustrate 
my  message  burning  hot  into  the  conscience  of  the  people.  I 
have  to  dig  everywhere  to  find  the  few  films  available,  for  there 
is  not  a  publication,  no  bulletin,  no  exchange  here  from  a  preach- 
er's standpoint;  yet,  at  the  same  time,  there  is  right  at  our  hands 
the  marvelous  agency  of  motion  pictures  (living  parables)  to 
drive  home  the  telling  truths  of  religion.  From  the  many  letters 
of  inquiry  that  come  to  me  I  know  that  ministers  want  to  know 
of  some  source  that  will  give  that  information  as  to  what  pictures 
to  use  for  a  given  moral  truth,  and  where  to  gel  the  films.  In 
their  names  I  welcome  your  lists. 

"The  programs  given  below  were  worked  up  with  song  service, 
special  music,  orchestra,  and  u^^ually  with  a  beautiful  nature 
scenic,  or  occasionally  an  educational  picture  at  the  conclusion. 
Frequently  the  entire  program,  except  my  sermon,  which  is  the 
KEY,  has  been  thrown  upon  the  sc'reen.  The  entire  program  is 
a  unit;  the  ushers,  operators,  nuisicians,  lights,  everything,  work 
in  perfect  harmony.  Before  the  service,  for  half  an  hour,  hot 
chocolate  with  crackers  is  served  by  a  large  committee  that  has 
the  duly  of  welcoming  people  to  make  them  feel  perfectly  at 
home.  The  audience  leaves,  feeling  friendly  to  each  other,  and 
uplifted  by  the  spiritual  message  for  daily  living  that  has  been 


■given.     Not  entertainment,  but  the  great  message  of  the  father- 
hood of  God  and  the  brotherhood  of  all  men,  is  the  aim." 
A  partial  program  used  by  Rev.  Mr.  Justice  in  1920  follows: 
Subject  Films 

Life  of  Jesus         "From   tlie   Manfjer   to   tlie   Cross,"    Vitagraph;   also 
(Easter)  slides  of  Resurrection. 

The   Resurrected     "Day  Resurgent"   (O.  Henry),  Vitagraph,  and  scenic 
Life  of  nature. 

Fighting  for  "Knights  of  the  Square  Tahle,"  New  Era,  and  Furd 

Itight  s'.'enic,  "Canada's  Mt.  of  Tears." 

Living  for  "Cluireh   with    Overshot   Wheel"    (O.    Henry),    Vila- 

Others  ijraph,  and  scenic. 

.Martyrs  to  Faith   "Sign  of  tlie  Cross,"  Famous  Playera. 
I'ilgrim   Follow-      40  Slides  of  "Story  of  Pilgrims,"  and   1   reel  "Story 
ers  o.f  tlie  Gleam   of  Plymouth  Rock,"  New  lira. 

The  Life  of  "River  Green  and   River  Gray,"  Federal,  and  Fori 

CJood  Cheer  Educational. 

Mercy  "The  Eternal  Magdalene,"  Oohlwyn.  (Children  undei 

sixteen  advised  not  to  come.) 
Turn  Al)out  Face     "Shift  the  Gear,  Freclc,"  Communil/f. 
Take  Your  "The  Dream"   (O.  Henry),   ^'itagruph;  1  reel  scenifl 

Choice  "Winter  Scenes  of  Niagara." 

I?y  Their  Fruits     "By   Their  Fruits,"  International   Church  Film,   an< 

scenic. 
The  Leadership       "The  Awakening  of  Cicely  Anne,"  Red  Crots,  1  reel 
of  Service  "Ruins  of  Rheims,"  Ford. 

The  Way  of  Life    "Street  Called  Straight,"   Goklwyn. 
The   Power  of 
Heredity 
The   Power  of 
Will 
Good  Samaritan 


"Heredity,"  first  two  reels.  Community,  and  scenic, 
"Heredity,"  last  three  reels.  Community,  and  scenic. 


Church     Fihn 


Good      Samaritan,"      International 
"Golden   Eaglet,"  Oirl  Scouts. 
God   in   Nature       "Sundown,"  Ford  .scenic. 
Building  Lives        "Memories,"  Pritma. 

Conscience  "The  Accusing  Toe,"  Community   (with  cut  at  end) 

and   scenic. 
"I   have   used   with   splendid   results,"   continues   Mr.   Justice; 
"the   cycle   of   'The   Son   of   Democracy'    on    Lincoln,    (Famous 
Players).    Last  night  not  even  standing  room  was  left,  the  con-j 
gregalion  of  500  filling  every  available  space.     With  pipe  organ, 
orchestra,   including   drums,    a   chorus   choir,    a   most    comple 
and  harmonious  program  was  presented." 

Mr.  Justice's  plan  is  being  duplicated  by  other  ministers  with 
initiative,  courage  and  faith. 

Mbt         [Qlfti 

EUROPEAN  BIBLE  FILMS 

A  REPORT  comes  from  Berlin,  Germany,  stating  tliat  an  Italian 
-^  production  of  Bil)le  hi.story  from  tlu"  Garden  of  Eden  to  the  liirtK 
of  Christ,  in  twenty-two  reels,  has  heen  received  in  tliat  city  and  will 
soon  he  placed  on  exlul)ition.  The  Pojie  is  said  to  have  i)rohil)ited 
Catholics  from  seeing  tliese  pictures,  although  Catholic  dignitaries  wit 
nessed  a  private  slwwing  of  the  filnvs  and  couunended  tliem.  The  state- 
ment attributed  to  the  Pope  has  been  denied  on  a\itliority 

There  is  said  to  be  in  existence  in  Paris  another  series  of  Biltle  films, 
in  negative  form,  whicli  are  available  for  purchase  by  Americans.  The 
numljer  of  reels  and  the  price  have  not  l>een  indicated. 

EVALUATING  FILMS  AT  COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY 

(Continued  from  page  14) 

As  a  practical  question  of  the  use  of  existing  motion  picture 
material  in  schools,  it  seemed  to  be  the  concensus  of  opinioni 
that  the  best  of  this  should  be  utilized,  pending  the  time  when 
more  accurate  films  and  film  courses  could  be  obtained. 

The  example  of  the  film  for  industrial  education — that  of  the 
construction  and  proccs.ses  involved  in  the  automobile  —  was 
highly  recommended  for  older  students.  This  was  because  of 
the  organization  of  the  material,  the  exclusion  of  outside  sub- 
jects, the  steady  evolution  from  the  simple  to  the  complex,  and 
the  accuracy  of  sub-titles. 

There   was   little   discussion   of   industrial   subjects   ittade   for 
publicity  purposes  by  various  companies,  nor  of  films  dealing^ 
with  history  and  literature,  nor  was  there  any  consideration  of| 
practical  questions  of  machines,  types  of  film,  stock,  or  methods  f; 
of  furnishing  pictures  in  large  quantities  to  schools.  I' 

Have  you  facts  and  theories  to  add  to  these  statements  of  tenta-  'I 
live  principles?     If  so,  send  them  in  to  the  editor. 


18 


SUNDAY  MOVIE  SERVICES  IN  ROCHELLE,  ILL. 

A  Clear-Cut  Presentation  of   the   Non-Commercial   Motives 
Actuating  the  Showing  of  Films  in  Churches 

WHAT  seems  to  many  people  an  unusual  thing  is  occurring 
in  Rochelle,  111.  Two  of  the  churches  have  begun  the 
use  of  motion  pictures  in  connection  with  their  Sunday 
evening  services.  And  the  impression  is  gaining  headway  that 
it  is  being  done  to  draw  the  crowds.  A  statement  was  recently 
made  by  someone  that  the  churches  had  been  unable  to  get  the 
crowds  by  the  regular  means,  so  they  had  resorted  to  the  irregular 
method  of  motion  pictures. 

The  person  who  made  this  statement  is  misinformed  as  to  the 
purpose  of  the  church  and  also  misinformed  as  to  the  attendance 
at  the  churches,  previous  to  the  introduction  of  motion  pictures. 
Naturally  there  has  been  an  increase  in  attendance  the  last  month 
since  pictures  have  been  used.  But  that  is  because  of  the  novelty 
of  the  thing.  The  same  thing  was  true  when  pianos  and  organs 
were  first  used  in  the  churches.  And  a  like  situation  prevailed 
when  stereopticons  were  first  introduced  into  a  church  service. 
The  type  of  picture  that  is  used  is  different  from  that  of  the 
commercial  theater  and  that  in  itself  is  of  interest  to  many  who 
like  a  change. 

But  we  need  to  know  as  a  community  the  purpose  that  lies 
I   back  of  the  use  of  motion  pictures  in  the  churches. 

1.  Their  primary  purpose  is  to  illustrate  the  gospel.     Or  to 
promote  world  brotherhood.     Or  to  educate.     The  least  purpose 
i   being  entertainment,  though  that  feature  for  purposes  of  relaxa- 
tion cannot  be  wholly  objectionable. 
i       2.  They   are  to  present  truth  through  the  eye.     Most   of  the 
!  church  work  is  carried  on  through  the  ear-gate  alone. 

3.  There  is  expense  attached  to  their  use.  There  is  the  cost  of 
,  a  projector,  and  the  rental  of  the  film.  Yet  the  churches  ad- 
!  vertise  that  admission  is  free.  This  is  not  done  to  run  in  com- 
petition to  the  commercial  theater  which  charges  admission.  It 
means  that  a  collection  will  be  taken,  if  that  is  the  custom  of  the 
church,  but  that  the  stronger  financially  will  bear  the  burdens 
of  the  weaker.  In  other  words  those  who  can  pay  but  a 
penny  or  no  penny  at  all  will  still  be  given  the  privilege  of  seeing 
the  truth  of  the  picture  presented.  Those  who  can  pay  more 
will  feel  the  privilege  of  making  it  possible  for  all  to  have  the 
privileges  of  the  picture. 

4.  The  use  of  motion  pictures  in  the  churches  is  not  to  register 
an  objection  to  the  local  picture  theater.  The  field  of  the  church 
picture  is  wholly  without  that  of  the  theater  providing  the  church 
'loes  not  lose  its  and  adopt  that  type  of  film  which  would  be  all 
light  in  a  theater  but  without  purpose  in  a  church  whose  primary 
object  in  using  the  film  is  to  illuslrate  the  gospel. 

Misunderstandings  are  bound  to  occur.  But  this  article  is 
written  with  the  purpose  of  helping  to  correct  any  false  im- 
pressions. It  is  hoped  that  the  churches  will  stick  to  their  God- 
given  program,  "preach  my  gospel."  If  suitable  films  can  be 
found  to  help  do  this,  their  use  is  proper.  If  they  cannot  be 
found  the  church  will  quickly  give  them  up.  For  that  church 
can  prosper  only  as  it  sticks  to  its  unique  task  for  which  it  is 
founded. 

JERUSALEM,  THE  HOLY  CITY 

CTUDENTS  of  Bible  history  will  appreciate  this  latest  addition 
to  Palestine  scenics.  The  views  include  The  Garden  of  Geth- 
semane.  Via  Dolorosa,  Golgotha,  The  Church  of  the  Holy  Sepul- 
cher  and  other  spots  hallowed  by  the  footsteps  of  Jesus,  or 
linked  in  history  with  the  names  of  Old  Testament  characters. 

Jerusalem,   The   Holy  City.     Paramount -Burton    Holmes.     1    reel. 

19 


"OUT  OF  THE  CHRISTIAN  COLLEGE" 

'T'HE  motion  picture  Out  of  the  Christian  College  was  the  chief 
attraction  at  the  First  Methodist  Church,  Jacksonville,  Fla., 
at  the  alumni  rally  of  Methodist  and  Florida  State  Colleges  in 
February.  The  pictures  show  from  early  American  history 
that  American  ideals  rest  on  Christian  education.  The  begin- 
nings of  Methodism  in  England  and  America  are  visualized  to 
illustrate  the  fact  that  Methodism  has  always  been  distinctly 
an  educational  agency.  It  is  shown  how,  through  student  ac- 
tivities, study  and  various  methods,  the  church  produces  civic 
and  Christian  leaders  and  in  this  way  contributes  to  the  stability 
of  the  south  and  the  nation.  One  section  of  the  picture  deals 
with  Immortal  Monuments,  and  forcefully  illustrates  the  fact 
that  gifts  made  to  Christian  education  immortalize  the  name  of 
the  benefactor  and  produce  human  dividends  forever.  The 
concluding  scene  shows  former  President  Woodrow  Wilson  sign- 
ing an  endorsement  of  the  Christian  education  movement,  the 
program  of  which  is  now  being  carried  out  by  the  .Methodist 
Episcopal  Church,  South,  and  a  long  flash  showing  a  sea  of  faces 
of  boys  and  girls  now  attending  the  institutions  of  the  church. 


ILLUSTRATED  SACRED  SONGS  ON  FILM 

Many   Helpful  Uses  Will  Be  Found  for  This  Innovation  in 
Community  Singing 

/^HURCHES,  cIuIjs,  community  centers,  prisons,  settlement  houses 
'-'  and  missions,  the  Ys  and  other  welfare  organizations  will  find  in 
the  new  film  idea  put  forth  by  the  Sacred  Film  Productions  Department 
of  the  Paragon  Film  Bureau,  Chicago,  called  "Sacred  Songs  on  Film,'' 
just  what  they  have  been  looking  for  to  arouse  interest  in  community 
singing  and  stinmlate  the  religious  spirit.  Up  to  tliis  time  no  films  of 
this  character  have  l)een  available,  at  least  in  short  lengtlis,  and  institu- 
tions and  organizations  equipped  with  projectors,  who  wish  to  make 
their  community  songs  a  real  success,  siioiild  not  hesitate  to  try  this 
novel  plan.  Several  pastors  and  Y.  .M.  C.  A.  secretaries  have  lieen 
using  these  pictures  in  connection  with  hymn  singing  with  excellent 
results. 

Some  of  the  following  hjinns  have  already  been  picturized  and  others 
are  in  preparation: 

1.  "Stand  Up,  Stand  Up  for  Jesus";  2.  "Onward  Christian  Soldiers"; 
3.  "How  Finn  a  Foundation";  4.  "Take  the  Name  of  Jesus  With  You"; 
5.  "Nearer  .Aly  God  to  'I'hee";  6.  "When  the  Roll  is  Called  Up  Yonder"; 
7.  "Dare  to  Be  a  Daniel";  8.  "Wonderful  Words  of  Life";  9.  "Rock  of 
Ages";  10.  "Our  King  is  Marching  On";  11.  "I  Will  Sing  the  Wondrous 
.Story";  12.  "I  Love  to  Tell  the  Story";  13.  "All  Hail  the  Power  of 
Jesus'  Name";  14.  "Blow  Ye  tlie  Trumpet,  Blow";  1.5.  "The  Ninety  and 
Nine";  Ifi.  ".My  Hope  is  Built  on  Nothing  Less";  17.  "He  Leadeth  Me, 
He  Leadeth  Me";  18  "Tlie  Half  was  Never  Told";  IJ.  "O  Happy 
Day";  20.  "Wliat  a  Friend  We  Have  in  Jesus";  21.  "The  Light  of  the 
World  is  Jesus";  22.  "He  Will  Hide  Me";  23.  "Where  Are  the  Reap- 
ers"; 14.  "God  Be  With  You  Till  We  Meet  Again." 

PATRIOTIC— 25.  "The  Star  Spangled  Banner";  26.  "Columbia,  the 
Gem  of  the  Ocean";  27.  "America." 


How  TO  Use  the  Song  Films 

Many  ways  may  ha  devise<l  for  using  these  songs  One  of  them  can 
be  run  at  the  conclusion  of  an  exhibition  of  other  films;  or,  two  songs 
can  be  used,  one  at  the  opening  and  the  other  at  the  conclusion;  or,  if 
the  program  consists  of  more  than  one  subject,  an  additional  song  or 
two  can  be  interjected  between  the  sulijects. 

As  a  general  rule  it  will  be  well  to  have  tlie  entire  congregation  join 
in  singing  the  bynm,  liecause  it  n»akes  them  feel  more  at  home,  and  they 
go  away  feeling  tiiat  it  lias  lieen  a  good  service,  because  they  took  part. 
.-Vt  other  times,  if  there  is  a  soloist  in  the  audience,  have  the  soloist 
render  the  song  while  tlie  audience  watdi.  the  words  and  illustrations, 
eacli  illustration  lieing  especially  applicable  to  tlie  words  running  with 
it.  This  suggestion  would  apply  equally  to  an  instrumental  solo,  such 
as  with  cornet  or  violin. 

.\gain,  tlie  solo  st  could  sing  the  verses,  and  if  there  was  a  chorus 
to  tlie  song,  tlie  audience  could  be  invited  to  join  in  the  chorus. 

.-Vnother  plan  is  to  liave  a  Reel  Illustrated  Song  Service,  in  which  the 
entire  evening  could  be  given  over  to  the  singing  of  sacred  songs.  For 
this  purpose,  several  .songs  could  be  used,  and  in  between  each  .song, 
while  the  house  u-as  still  dark,  the  pastor,  chairman,  or  other  speaker 
could  deliver  a  sernionette,  of  a  few  minutes,  with  reference  to  the 
song  to  follow,  speaking  of  the  author,  the  circumstances  under  which 
the  hymn  was  written,  the  lesson  taught  by  the  song  iUelf,  etc. 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


By  GLADYS  BOLLMAN 


"THE  WITCHING  HOUR" 

AUGUSTUS  THOMAS'  play  dealing  with  one's  responsibility 
for  the  thoughts  of  one's  heart  and  the  tremendous  power 
of  these  thoughts  has  been  well  screened.  For  a  religious 
service  this  picture  has  more  than  one  spiritual  message. 
"A  guilty  thought  is  almost  as  criminal  as  a  guilty  action."  "We 
think  things  are  calamities  and  trials  and  sorrows — only  names. 
They  are  spiritual  gymnastics  aid  have  an  eternal  value." 
"You're  a  child  of  the  everlasting  God  and  nothing  on  the  earth 
or  under  it  can  harm  you  in  the  sligh'est  degree." 

The  well-known  slory  is  of  Jack  Brookfield,  a  Kentucky 
gambler,  who  comes  to  realize  his  power  of  telepathy  through 
acquaintance  with  Justice  Prentice  of  the  Federal  Supreme  Court 
who  is  interested  in  it.  One  evening  Brookfield  is  entertaining 
his  sister,  his  niece,  Clay  Whipple,  engaged  to  his  niece,  and 
others.  Young  Clay  is  annoyed  beyond  reason  by  another,  and 
in  a  sudden  fit  of  morbid  horror  at  a  cat's  eye  scarf-pin  which 
the  other  man  thrusts  in  his  face,  strikes  him  fatally  with  a  heavy 
paper-knife.  The  play  concerns  itself  with  the  real  responsibility 
for  this  murder — which  in  reality  is  only  the  tangible  evidence 
of  some  deep-laid  mistake  in  the  thoughts  of  three  generations, 
and  with  Jack  Brookfield's  own  responsibilty  for  another  murder. 
Clay's  life  is  saved  by  the  testimony  of  Justice  Prentice,  who  was 
in  love  with  Clay's  grandmother,  and  who  testifies  as  to  her 
almost  insane  aversion  to  a  cat's  eye.  Brookfield  also  decides  to 
expose  the  character  of  the  prosecuting  attorney,  believing  that 
the  minds  of  the  public  will  affect  the  decision  of  the  jury — if  it 
is  discovered  that  the  attorney  is  not  to  be  believed,  the  jury 
loo  will  lose  confidence  in  his  arguments.  At  the  end,  they 
"have  all  been  through  the  fire  and  are  the  better  for  it." 

In  reel  three  are  scenes  of  a  negro  ball  which  add  nothing  to 
the  force  of  the  story,  and  which  might  give  offense  to  friends 
of  the  negro.  The  reviewer  would  recommend  that  these  be 
cut  out.  There  id  also  in  reel  four  a  brief  scene  of  some  little 
boys  throwing  dice. 

The  WitchiTif  Hour.    Produced  ami  distributed  by  Famous  Players,    a  reels. 

»        f 

"THY  SOUL  SHALL  BEAR  WITNESS" 

ONE  of  the  most  remarkable  artistic  screen  creations  recently 
produced  in  Europe  is  this  picture  version  of  a  story  by 
Dr.  Selma  Lagerlof,  winner  of  the  Nobel  prize  for  litera- 
ture. It  was  made  by  the  Swedish  Biograph  Company,  the  in- 
teriors at  the  company's  suburban  studio  at  Rasunda,  near  Stock- 
holm. Few  films  are  said  to  equal  it  in  human  and  spiritual 
appeal,  and  the  moral  lesson  of  the  picture  is  overwhelming. 

On  New  Year's  eve  David  Holm,  a  drunken  wreck,  is  knocked  on  the 
head  by  an  intoxicated  companion  with  wtHiin  lie  has  been  tippling  in 
a  grave-yard.  Some  minutes  later  he  is  horrified  to  observe  the  ap- 
proach of  a  ghostly  form  whom  he  recogniaes  as  his  dead  friend,  Geller. 
According  to  a  legend  the  last  man  to  die  on  New  Year's  eve  has  the 
duty  of  collecting  the  souls  of  those  who  pass  away  during  the  ensuing 
year.  Geller  explains  tliat  lie  must  now  hand  over  his  task  to  Holm. 
Together  the  spirits  of  the  two  men  visit  the  death  chamber  of  Edith 
LarMon,  a  young  Salvationist,  who  struggled  hard  to  save  Holm  during 
hi«  life  despite  the  hard  ingratitude  with  which  he  rejected  her  pure, 
spiritual  love.  Then  they  pass  on  to  the  hovd  where  Hobn's  wife  is 
preparing  in  desperation  to  take  the  lives  of  herself  and  her  starving 
children.  In  an  agony  of  remorse  at  the  ruin  he  has  brought  upon  his 
innocent  family,  Holm  endeavors  uselessly  to  stay  his  wife's  hand.  Su<i- 
denly  he  awnkes  to  And  himself  lying  still  alive  in  the  churchyard. 
Remembering  w4iat  he  has  seen,  lie  rushes  to  his  home  and  arrives  In 
time  to  »top  his  wife'«  dreadful  plan.  With  tears  of  repentance,  he 
then  begs  forgiveness  fur  the  past. 


■pjR.  Selma  Laperlof's  symbolical  psycliological  study  of  a  man's  soul  and 
spiritual  growth  has  been  exquisitely  filmed.     This  .scene  is  of  the  meet- 
ing of  the  departed  spirits  of  David  Holm,  a  derelict,  and  Edith  Larsson, 
a  Salvation  Anny  worker. 

The  plot,  which  serves  as  a  vehicle  for  Victor  Seastrom'i 
extraordinarily  detailed  and  eloquent  study  of  psychology,  ii 
curiously  original  in  cons  ruction.  The  actual  story  passes  in  i 
period  of  not  more  than  fifteen  minu'es,  during  which  time  i 
man's  soul  is  completely  regenerated.  The  memories  and  dream! 
which  crowd  his  mind  in  this  fateful  interval  drive  him,  pas 
sionately  repentant,  to  seek  the  forgiveness  of  his  wife.  H< 
reaches  her  just  soon  enough  to  prevent  a  dreadful   tragedy. 

The  spiritual  wanderings  of  David  Holm,  as  he  lies  unconscious 
and,  as  he  believes,  dead,  in  a  churchyard,  after  a  midnighl 
orgie,  convey  to  the  spectator,  episode  by  episode,  his  complete 
life-history.  These  retrospective  scenes  are  introduced  very 
deftly. 

The  thesis  of  the  story  is  essentially  a  morality  tale.  David'i 
spiri'ual  sufferings  in  the  hell  of  remorse  do  not  merely  poinC 
a  grim  warning  to  prepare  for  death.  They  also  teach  him  the^ 
power  of  love  as  an  active  regenerating  force.  His  reformation 
dales  from  the  moment  when,  standing  as  a  ghost  beside  the 
dea'h-bed  of  Edith,  the  girl  Salvationist,  he  realizes  the  self-less 
quality  of  her  loyalty  and  love  for  him. 

The  picture  is  inspired  throughout  by  the  highest  ethical 
motives,  although  it  is  in  no  sense  religious  or  Salvationist  propa- 
ganda. The  acting,  the  settings,  the  lighting  and  the  photography 
are  superb.     What  defects  appear  are  minor  ones. 

This  work  of  screen  art  should  certainly  be  brought  to  Am- 
erica and  presented  with  appropriate  music  at  the  leading  theaters 
as  well  as  in  church  and  community  auditoriums. 

Thy  Soul  Shall  Bear  Witness.  Produced  by  Swedish  Biograph  Companjr. 
Ui.stributed  by  General  Fihn  Renting  Company,  London.    «  reels. 

w    w 

KINETO  REVIEWS  FOR  CHURCH  USE 

ipXCKMyENT  material  corellative  to  13ible  Study  is  furnished  in  • 
■'-'  special  series  of  Kineto  Reviews.  The  Egyptian  Museum  at  Cairo 
built  in  1901  as  a  repository  for  the  recently  excavated  relics  of  ancient 
Egyptian  Art  and  Life  is  adequately  visualize*!.  The  next  three  films 
are  entitled  Tribal  Life  in  Palestine,  Daily  Life  in  Modem  Jerutalem, 
and  The  Holy  City,  eacli  describing  the  special  phase  of  tlie  subjects 
indicated  by  the  title.s.  In  The  Holy  City  the  sub-titles  are  taken  di- 
rectly from  the  Bible  and  effectively  heighten  the  reactional  value  of 
the  subject. 

0   % 


I 


"SAVING  THE  EYES  OF  YOUTH ' 


RAVING  the  Eyes  of  Youth  is  a  one 
kD  reel  film  message  to  the  women 
who  are  frequently  forced,  for 
economic  reasons,  to  depend  upon  the 
services  of  ignorant  attendants,  in- 
stead of  a  physician  at  child  birth. 
The  film  depicts  the  experience  of 
a  woman  in  humble  surroundings,  and 
her  infant  son.  who  develops  sore  eyes 
before  he  is  a  day  old.  The  sympathv 
of  the  neighbors  and  their  well-meant 
but  useless  advice,  suggesting  the  use 
of  warm  milk,  tea  leaves,  or  linseed 
meal  as  a  cure  for  inflamed  eyes,  are 
characteristic  of  uneducated  women. 
The  only  logical  advice  comes  from 
the  baby's  sister,  aged  ten,  who  has  been  an  attentive  listener  at 
the  "health  talks"  given  at  her  school  and  insists  that  a  doc'or 
or  nurse  should  be  sent  to  them  from  the  Malernity  Cen'er.  When 
the  district  nurse  arrives  and  examines  the  baby  she  discovers 
that  the  former  nurse  had  failed  to  cleanse  the  baby's  eyes  at 
birth  with  a  solution  of  nitrate  of  silver;  consequently  they 
become  diseased.  The  district  nurse  carries  the  child  to  the 
hospital  and  arrangements  are  made  at  the  institu'.ion  for  the 
accommodation  of  the  mother.     Prompt  attention  and  scientific 


T"IIE  inotlier's  neigl  bors,  kin(Uy 
■^  *i-tnfr  'o-  hnby'r  .pyes  except 
Savivg  Ihe  Ei.es  of  Ycvlh. 


"AMERICA'S  MERCHANT  MARINE" 

By  Dolph  Eastman 

THE  series  of  reels  being  produced  for  the  Educational  De- 
partment of  the  United  States  Shipping  Board  by  Charles 
Raymond  Thomas,  Incorporated,  of  New  York  City,  is 
an  undertaking  which  every  one  hundred  per  cent.  American 
should  support.  Lives  there  a  loyal  American  who  does  not  want 
to  see  Old  Glory  regain  its  former  proud  place  as  a  mercantile 
power  on  the  Seven  Seas? 

The  films  under  the  general  title  of  America's  Merchant  Marine, 
at  present  comprising  three  reels  and  eventually  to  be  twelve  or 
more,  are  patriotic  propaganda  for  the  upbuilding  and  main- 
tenance of  a  great  mercantile  fleet  flying  the  American  flag. 
Every  good  citizen  can  whole-heartedly  support  this  campaign, 
for  as  Admiral  Benson  said  after  the  screening  of  these  pictures 
at  the  New  York  Press  Club,  the  program  for  a  permanent  mer- 
chant marine  necessarily  touches  every  phase  of  American  indus- 
trial and  social  life  and  will  prove  a  strong  factor  in  bringing 
about  busy  factories,  productive  farms,  full  employment,  and  the 
prosperity  and  happiness  of  the  whole  people.  The  films  demon- 
strate the  necessity  of  having  an  American  merchant  marine  to 
care  for  the  exporting  of  surplus  products  from  this  countrv  and 
developing  its  foreign  trade. 

The  producers  of  these  pictures  had  a  big  task  confronting 
them  and  they  have  done  a  creditable  piece  of  work.  The  three 
ref-ls  which  are  ready  for  general  exhib'.tion  were  shown  recently 
at  ih"  White  House  to  Pre?idtiu  Hardin;;  and  several  members  of 
his  rabine.  and  to  A<ini'ral  Benson,  chairman  of  ihe  Shipping 
Board,  and  met  with  unequivocal  approval.  They  consist  of 
pictorial  and  diagrammatic  material  which  may  be  classed  as 
historical,  statistical,  industrial,  patriotic,  and  national  welfare. 
Facts  and  figures  are  given  from  the  time  when  American  mari- 
time records  were  first  kept,  showing  the  rise,  the  decline,  and 
again  the  rise  due  to  the  late  war — until  at  the  present  time 
the  United  States  has  the  greatest  mercantile  tonnage  and  carries 
more  sea  trade  in  her  own  bottoms  than  at  any  previous  period 


treatment  administered  by  the  surgeon 
save  the  baby's  eyesight  and  the  re- 
joicing mother  and  infant  son  return 
to  their  home  at  the  end  of  two  weeks. 
The  picture  was  produced  for  the 
National  Committee  for  the  Prevention 
of  Blindness  by  the  Worcester  Film 
Corporation,  to  instruct  men  and 
women  of  community  centers,  where 
the  struggle  for  life  is  greatest,  in  the 
prompt  care  of  infants'  eyes  to  prevent 
blindness.  The  story  is  told  so  graph- 
ically that  even  foreign  women  who 
are  unable  to  read  English  can  follow 
the  pictures  and  understand  the  mes- 
sage. It  had  its  premier  showing 
March  17  in  the  auditorium  of  the  Russell  Sage  Foundation,  New 
York  City,  to  an  invited  group  of  optometrists,  physicians, 
social  workers,  nurses,  representatives  of  boards  of  health  and 
associations  for  the  blind.  It  is  to  be  exhibited  throughout  the 
United  States  to  intensify  the  campaign  for  the  prevention  of 
blindness  by  emphasizing  the  state  regulation  of  the  Boards  of 
Health,  urging  the  necessity  of  using  a  solution  of  nitrate  of 
silver  in  the  eyes  of  infants  at  birth. 

Sfir^iig   the   Ei/efi  of   Yntrh.     Oistributed  by  National  Committee  for  the  Pre- 
vention of  Blindness,  New  York  City.     1  reel. 


but  ifcnorant'y.  su£r:7cst  every- 
ll'.e   right   tliinj,     ;"e'.'ne   from 


in  her  history. 

Types  of  American  merchant  vessels  from  the  eighteenth 
century  sailing  ships  up  to  the  modern  oil  burners  of  the  great 
Shipping  Board  fleet  are  depicted,  and  there  are  numerous 
pictures  of  harbors  filled  with  shipping,  piers  loaded  with  goods, 
"bridges  of  ships,"  war  scenes  which  are  now  history,  and  many 
charts  and  diagrams  showing  by  comparative  facts  and  figures 
the  astonishing  decline  and  more  recently  the  far  more  astonish- 
ing rise  and  growth  of  America's  merchant  marine.  Typical 
American  seamen  and  the  splendid  way  in  which  Uncle  Sam 
takes  care  of  these  fine  specimens  of  young  manhood  are  in- 
terestingly portrayed.  The  explanatory  titles  arouse  in  the  breast 
of  every  staunch  American  a  feeling  of  pride  in  his  country's 
achievements  on  the  seas  and  a  strong  desire  to  perpetuate 
them  and  make  the  U.  S.  A.  again  a  great  maritime  nation  as  it 
was  a  century  ago. 

America's  Merchant  Marine  forms  an  invaluable  motion  picture 
record  of  the  United  States  as  a  maritime  and  sea-trading  power, 
will  serve  to  consolidate  American  opinion  in  support  of  a  great 
merchant  flotilla  to  care  for  our  growing  exports  and  imports, 
and  will  be  a  constant  impetus  and  inspiration  to  the  present 
generation  and  future  generations  of  progressive  Americans. 

Americas  Merrhtint  Murine.  Pro<luced  for  the  Kduc.ational  Department  of 
the  United  States  Shipping  Board  and  distributed  by  Charles  Raj-mond  Thomas, 
Inc.,  847  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City.     3  reels. 

ITOi         RAi 

•HELPING  THE  HELPLESS" 

TT  was  in  Canton  that  American  missionaries  started  clinics  for 

the  blind  who  form  so  large  a  percentage  of  the  native  pop- 
ulation of  China.  The  film,  one  of  a  series  of  pictures  on  mis- 
sionary accomplishments  in  the  Far  East,  presents  vividly  the 
work  being  done  for  the  sightlesss  and  visualizes  the  happy  results 
thereof.  The  excellence  of  this  missionary  work  has  won  the  high- 
est commendation  of  the  Chinese  government.  The  picture  with  its 
message  from  people  sitting  in  darkness  will  appeal  to  church 
members,  Sunday  School  pupils,  missionary  circles — in  fact  to 
any  one  loving  his  fellow-beings. 

Helping  The  Helplesn.     International  Church  Film  Corporation.     1  reel. 


21 


I 


"BLACK  BEAUTY" 

BLACK  BEAUTY,  the  horse,  in  this  film  tells  his  story  from 
colthood  on.  More  than  that,  the  curtain  is  drawn  and  all 
that  takes  place  inside  the  home  of  Black  Beauty's  kind 
master  is  revealed.  The  two  parts  of  the  story  come  together 
when  Black  Beauty  is  the  instrument  to  bring  the  happy  ending 
to  all  concerned.  Excellent  titles,  costuming,  and  setting  lend 
much  to  a  story  of  the  period;  and  as  all  of  Black  Beauty's 
story  is  titled  from  the  original  tale,  the  film  is  thoroughly 
enjoyable. 

Black  Beauty,  as  everybody  knows,  was  born  and  brought  up 
on  the  pleasant  acres  of  a  good  farmer  who  treated  him  with 
great  care.  When  he  was  grown  up,  he  went  to  the  Squire's, 
where  he  made  the  acquaintance  of  little  Merrilegs,  the  pony, 
and  Ginger,  a  high-spirited  horse  who  had  been  brought  up  just 
as  a  horse  should  not  be. 

At  the  Squire's,  the  young  daughter  of  the  house  was  happy 
in  the  love  of  her  parents  and  bro'hers  and  sisters,  and  in  a 
dawning  romance  with  George,  the  vicar's  son.  Then  a  rascally 
young  neighbor  came,  stole  some  money  and  after  the  death  of 
the  brother,  put  the  money  in  the  dead  man's  pockets.  In  order 
to  save  her  brolher's  honor,  the  girl  promises  to  marry  the  real 
thief,  much  against  her  family's  wishes.  She  is  taken  abroad  to 
forget  her  seeming  infatuation  and  Black  Beauty  goes  into  other 
hands  for  the  time  being,  and  has  many  experiences  of  all  sorts. 
Just  before  the  family  returns,  George  learns  the  truth,  and  of 
course  Black  Beauty  and  George  together  in  a  breath-taking 
race  reach  the  family  before  the  fai'hless  rival,  and  I'all's  well." 
Black  Beauty  has  an  especially  good  meal  that  night,  and  the 
promise  of  a  good  home  with  George  and  his  bride  in  the  future. 

There  are  some  unpleasant  scenes  where  the  dishonest  lover 
kisses  the  heroine — these  should  be  cut. 

The  general  tone  of  the  piclure  is  unusually  high  and  some- 
how very  much  alive.  The  loyalty  of  the  daughter  and  sister, 
the  kindly  feeling  between  man  and  beast,  and  the  high  idealism 
and  spirited  ardor  of  youth  leave  one  in  a  glow! 

Black   Beauty.    Produced   and   distributed   hy   V'itagraph.    7   reels. 

"THE  SCARECROW" 

A  N  uproariously  amusing  comedy  is  The  Scarecrow  in  which 
Buster  Keaton,  a  young  man  with  an  anxiously  good  expres- 
sion, stars.  The  situation  is  one  beloved  by  many  comedy  makers — 
two  helpers  in  love  with  the  farmer's  beautiful  daughter.  These 
rival  suitors  live  together,  and  their  bachelor  menage  is  a  quaint 
version  of  the  ideal — with  household  duties  reduced  to  a  mini- 
mum. The  hero,  in  order  to  escape  pursuit,  assumes  the  apparel 
and  aspect  of  a  scarecrow  and  it  seems  incredible  that  any- 
thing so  grotesque  can  be  human.  There  is  a  clever  dog  and 
other  animals,  and  the  action  is  rapid  and  novel. 

This  comedy  is  of  unusually  high  order  and  is  suitable  al- 
most anywhere. 

The  Scarecrow.     I'riiduced   and   distributed   l>y  Metro.     2   reels 

INTERESTING  NEW  BOY  SCOUT  FILM 
J^HE  Dustless  Route  is  a  novel  and  interesting  travel  subject 
which  will  appeal  to  all  Boy  Scouts.  The  film  is  devoted 
to  a  geographic  study  from  Rock  Falls,  Illinois,  to  Madison, 
Wisconsin,  by  two  boy  scouts  who  made  the  trip  by  canoe.  There 
was  but  one  mi<«hap  on  the  way — the  canoe  overturned  and  threw 
out  the  occupants  in  the  Yahara  F{apids.  The  picture  is  said  to 
be  carefully  made  throughout  and  covers  1030  feet.  It  is  well 
adapted  for  use  at  children's  gatherings  in  school,  church  or 
elsewhere  for  community  programs. 

The  DuMlleu  Koule.  .Kelenned  April  II.  1921.  and  dMrlbuted  by  Daniel  .'. 
Coff.  3l.1t  Indiana   Avenue.    Cldcago,  III. 


"THE  LOVE  SPECIAL" 
A  MOST  enjoyable,  lively  and  constructive  play  is  The  Love 
■^^  Special  in  which  Wallace  Reid  is  the  hero.  He  is  a  young 
engineer  whose  duties  lead  him  from  taming  floods  and  rescuing 
imprisoned  tunnel-workers  to  collecting  money  at  a  charity  bazaar 
and  picking  up  cushions  for  his  sweetheart's  aunt.  He  is  ap- 
pointed as  a  special  guide  to  the  railroad  president  who  has  come 
west  to  determine  the  location  for  a  new  cut.  In  the  president's 
party  are  his  daughter  and  the  usual  counter  young  man  whose 
villainy  in  this  case  takes  the  form  of  an  attempt  to  secure  the 
president's  option  on  this  important  cut  land,  said  option  to  be 
exchanged  for  the  daughter's  hand.  By  a  thrilling  ride  in  an 
engine,  during  a  terrific  blizzard,  the  option  is  saved,  and  the 
daughter  makes  her  own  choice — for  the  engineer,  of  course. 

The  heroine  is  charming  Agnes  Ayres,  and  the  hero  makes 
his  part  convincingly  heroifc. 

This  story  should  appeal  to  boys,  as  well  as  their  elders. 
There  are  several  scenes  (in  the  second  and  third  reel)  of  a 
funny  little  man  wi'th  a  surreptitious  whisky  bc^ttle,  which 
should  be  cut. 

The  Love  Special.    Produced  and  distributed  by  Famous  Players.    6  reels. 

MODERN  SWEDEN 

A  SERIES  of  motion  pictures  entitled  Sweden  in  Summer  and 
Winter  had  its  premier  showing  at  the  Town  Hall,  New  York 
City,  on  March  2.  They  were  brought  to  this  country  to  exhibit 
to  Swedish- Americans;  they  show  changes  and  developments  in 
Sweden  of  recent  years.  Many  of  these  pictures  will  appeal  to 
Americans,  particularly  the  winter  sports — a  reel  devoted  to 
skiing,  curling,  skating,  ice  boating,  motorcycle  contests  in  winter 
and  horse  racing  on  ice. 

Pictorially  the  series  is  beautiful  but  would  be  more  interest- 
ing if  it  showed  "close-ups"  and  interiors  of  the  old  buildings 
and  churches.  Interiors,  of  shops  and  factories,  revealing  more 
minutely  the  industrial  activities  of  Sweden,  would  have  informa- 
tional value.  This  first  series  includes  several  reels  of  beautiful 
scenery,  quaint  folk  dances,  fishing  on  the  Swedish  coast,  obsolete 
methods  of  spinning,  rope-making,  and  a  peasant  wedding. 

Sweden  in  Sunnner  and  Winter.  Distributed  by  Palladium  Film  Company. 
Several  reels. 

"WILDERNESS  FRIENDS" 

'T'HIS  picture  was  made  for  the  Conservation  Commission  of 

the  State  of  New  York,  and  besides  being  entertaining  it  gives 
one  a  comradely  feeling  for  the  animals  shown.  The  loon,  the 
moose  (although  he  is  "dreadful  plain"),  bears,  ducks,  mink, 
partridges,  are  all  shown  to  have  various  appealing  qualities. 
As  for  the  deer  they  make  friends  with  everyone,  from  the  little 
girl  whose  pets  they  are,  to  "bossy,  bereaved  for  the  sake  of  a 
veal  cutlet."  A  fastidious  coon  who  plays  with  a  hose  is  another 
acquaintance.     This  film  is  amusing  to  all,  especially  children. 

IVildemesii  Friends.  Pro<luoed  and  distributed  by  Educational  Film  Ex- 
changes, Inc.    1  reel. 

W       f 

"THRILLS" 

"DOYS  and  girls  will  be  interested   in  the  comparative  thrill 

value  of  the  various  sports  here  illustrated — shooting  the 
chutes,  skiing,  skating,  tobogganing,  motorcycle  broad-jump, 
shooting  the  rapids — to.  mention  only  a  few.  The  picture  is  made 
up  of  the  "big  moments''  of  different  kinds  of  sports,  and  fur- 
nishes wholesome  vicarious  adventure.  The  weak-kneed  or  weak- 
hearted  are  advised  not  to  see  it. 

Thrillii.    Pro<luced   and  diHtributed  hy  KInelo  Company.     I    reel. 

MOTION  IMtrriHR  I'lKUKCTOR  KRKK!  ilead  how  you  can 
jfct  onf^ — insiili"  front  nivrr  of  this  issue. 

TWO  SI'KCIAI.  SrBSCRII>TION  OKKKIUS!  Ma(ca»inc  and  Loose- 
I.«af  CutnloK,  <>  months,  iiiix  3  months,  $1.60.  Head  alHMit  Catalog  and 
Information  Servlcf,  page  32  this  is.sue. 


22 


ALL  AROUND  WITH  THE  CAMERAMAN 

THE  evtry<i;iy  sijrlits  and  s.ones  that  meet  the  Ciinieraman's  eye,  the 
legends  of  little-trod  bypaths,  the  lore  of  maintravelled  roads,  jot- 
tings of  science,  industry  iind  art — tl»ese  compose  the  film  All  Around 
With  The  Cameraman,  produced  by  Atlas  Educational  Film  Oocnpany 
of  Chicago  with  a  stmlio  at  Oak  Park,  Illinois.  The  films  are  to  be 
issued  bi-montlily,  each  reel  to  include  from  five  to  ten  subjects  with 
the  longest  subject  not  more  than  250  feet  in  length. 

The  first  reel  has  five  main  headings:  7n  Our  Travels;  What  Science 
Teaches:  Aronnd  the  Farm:  Industrial  Processes;  and  At  the  Garden 
Spots.  The  first  centers  about  the  adventures  of  the  cameraman  in 
riding  a  Ic^  train.  One  sees  stretches  of  heavily  timbered  woodland,  of 
waterways,  of  bits  of  skyline.  From  the  caboose  the  cameraman  shoots 
typical  scenes  in  logging  camp  regions  of  Tennessee. 

••I'lte  foot  is  the  most  used  an<i  abused  conveyance  in  the  world.  Can 
you  muiie  the  twenty-six  liones  in  your  feet  as  easily  as  you  do  the 
parts  of  your  car?"  "runs  tlie  introduction  to  the  scientific  series  Know 
Your  Ou'n  Feet.  On  a  skeleton  foot  these  bones  are  pointed  out  as 
astragalus,  os  calsis,  cuboid,  scaphokl,  five  metatarsals,  and  fourteen 
phalanges. 

The  pedigree  of  the  perfect  Ayrshire  in  Around  the  Farm  is  traced 
ba<-k  one  hundretl  years  to  old  Scotland.  How  steel  wheels  for  baby's 
buggy  are  ma<le  is  told  in  Industriiil  Processes.  A  powerful  punch  press 
turrts'  off  circular  blanks.  These  are  cupped  and  the  flanges  formed  to 
receive  the  rubber  tires  Next  come  the  sjwkes  and  the  hubs,  the 
wheels  receive  the  tires,  and  they  are  ready  for  the  assembly  room. 

At  the  Garden  Spots  reveaJ  scenes  in  two  Oliicago  parks;  the  interior 
iif  the  chrysanthemum  house  at  Lincoln  Park  with  dissolves  of  the 
Moonts,  and  the  lily  ponds  in  Garfield  P'ark. 

*  * 

VARIETY  MARKS  RECENT  PICTOGRAPHS 

No.  4T5.  A  series  of  views  sliowing  chemical  coiiiliinations  seen  under 
the  microscope  suggest  to  imaginative  minds  amusing  and  beautiful 
pictures.  For  example,  some  combinations  appear  to  grow  like  plants; 
some,  like  forest  fires;  and  some  look  like  flights  of  aeroplanes.  The 
second  subject  in  the  film  consists  of  scenes  on  a  California  walnut 
farm,  where  the  English  walnut  industry  from  planting  to  harvesting 
U  visualized.  The  film  concludes  with  a  Jerry  cartoon  relating  his  ad- 
ventures in  the  town  of  New  Monia. 

No  4T6.  How  a  safe  combination  works  is  explained  to  the  lay  mind 
by  means  of  lucid  cartoons,  following  which  a  visit  is  made  to  St. 
Thomas  Island  in  the  Lesser  Antilles  Closing  Hie  reel,  Krazy  Kat  and 
Ignatz  furnish  a  characteristic  cartoon  diversion  in  their  Great  Wireless 
Wire-Widking  Art. 

No.  478.  The  education  of  a  half-grown  chimpanzee  absorbs  the  at- 
tention of  Dr.  AV.  H.  Furness  of  Philadelphia.  The  astounding  intelli- 
gence evinced  by  the  animal  goes  far  to  prove  the  doctor's  tliesis  that 
it  can  be  fully  educated  along  the  same  lines  pursued  in  the  education 
of  a  growing  child.  One  of  Max  Fleischer  Out  Of  The  Inkwell  cartoons 
,  concludes  the  reel  and  shows  the  agile  little  clown  getting  the  best  of 
Max  and  his  sweetheart  out  motoring. 

No.  479.  The  tongue  of  the  house-fly;  the  combs  with  which  tlie 
.spider  arranges  its  back  hair;  the  scales  that  give  the  butterfly's  wing 
its  lieauty  are  some  of  the  scenes  of  microscope  magic  revealed- by  the 
young  scientist,  Arthur  Carpenter. 

No.  480.  The  entire  800  feet  of  tliis  Pictograph  is  devoted  to  a  study 
of  song  l)irds  as  citizens,  which  shows  liow  valiantly  the  little  creatures 
win  their  right  to  protection  and  life  t)y  destroying  the  insects  that 
menace  vegetation.  These  delightful  scenes  of  bird-life  wei-e  filmed  in 
the  deej)  woods  of  Oregon  by  those  devoted  bird-lovers,  William  L.  and 

Irene  Finley 

*  * 

FORD  EDUCATIONAL  LIBRARY 

T^HE  following  recent  relea.ses  in  this  film  library  series  have  a  higli 
■*■  degree  of  entertainment   and   instructkinal   value: 

Colorado  Plateau.  .\n  excellent  supplement  to  geological  study,  this 
film  includes  views  taken  in,  al)ove,  and  across  the  Grand  Canyon  of 
the  Colorado  and  illustrates  the  long  history  of  tranformations  which 
have  given  this  wonder  of  nature  its  present  aspect.  .\n  animated 
explanatory  diagram  heightens  the  u.sefulness  of  the  picture. 

Where  the  Columbia  River  Rises.  The  winding,  picturesque  Columbia 
river  is  followetl  from  its  source  high  in  the  Canadian  Rockies  until -it 
readies  the  distant,  placid  valleys. 

Iron  anil  Steel.  This  is  the  story  of  iron  ore  from  the  time  it  is 
mined  until  it  is  converted  into  steel.  The  educative  value  of  this  film 
is  heighterved  through  the  introduction  of  scenes  showing  steel  construc- 
tion on  great  bridges. 

*  * 

FORD  WEEKLIES  OF  RECENT  RELEASE 

"PilSTlllBUTEI)  by  the  Federated  Film  Exchanges  of  America,  Inc. 
the  Ford  Educatkinal  Weeklies  continue  to  supply  material  at  once 
instructive  and   recreational. 

No.  5  is  a  safety  first  picture  entitled  Hurry  Slowly,  presenting  an 
emphatic  series  of  lessons  for  children,  especially  those  whose  play- 
ground is  the  street. 

No.  6,  Tropical  Sons,  carries  the  spectator  to  the  picturesque  ease  of 
the  Bahamas,  Grantstown  on  New  Providence  Island  being  the  objective 
l)oint.  The  outdoor  life  of  the  natives,  the  sisal  industry,  filing  and 
stone-quarrying  are  features  of  this  film. 


PROGRAMS 


PROGRAM 


1  reel 
6  reels 


Vi  reel 

1  reel 
2  reels 

5  reels 

1  reel 

1  reel 

2  reels 

2  reels 

1   reel 

1  reel 

1  reel 

2  reels 


Y.  M.  C.  A.  PROGRAM 

NEWS  WEEKLY— /^'?/ie 
HONEST  HVTCH—Ouldwi/n 

Will   Ilogers   in    a   new   version   of  an   old   theme— that   man's 

wealth  comes  to  him  from  the  soil. 
MUrr  AND  JEFF— Fox 

Cartoon  comedy. 

CHILDRENS  PROGRAM 
PECULIAR  PETS— /Ci/ie/o 

.\nmsing  animal  friends. 
DADDY  NUMBER  TW(V-Po«h« 

A  story  of  and  for  children. 

INDUSTRIAL    (WELFARE    DEPT.) 
SKINNER'S  DRESS  Sl'IT— /trem«r  {Es.nuiay) 

A  clean  and  amusing  comedy,  with  Bryant  Washburn. 
HURRY  Sl^OVi I. \— Federated  Film  Exchanges  (Ford  No.  5) 

A  lesson  in  safety. 
PATHE  NEWS 

INDUSTRIAL    (WELFARE   DEPT.)    PROGRAM 
LAND  OF  OPPORTUNITY— S«/ec« 

A  touching  episode  in  the  life  of  Lincoln. 
HAUNTED  SPOOKS— Pa<Ae 

Harold  Lloyd  comedy. 
THE  OUTLAW — Liberty  Mutual  Insurance  Co., 

183   Devonshire   Street,   Boston. 

A  lesson  in  safety  and  welfare. 
KINOGRAM 

CHURCH  PROGRAM 
THE  PASSING  NIGHT— Fomwra*  Players  (Post) 

A  beautiful  scenic. 
THE  WIDOW'S  Mi'VE— International  Church 

The  Bible  story  and  a  modern  instance  of  the  [wor  widow's 

generous  spirit. 

CHURCH  PROGRAM   (MID-WEEK) 
LOVE'S  HARVEST— Fox 

Shirley  Mason  in  a  wholesome  drama  suitable  for  a  careful 

optience. 
BURTON  HOLMES  TRAVELOG— Fa mou«  Players 

SCHOOL  PROGRAM 
MICROSCOPIC  POND  lAFE—Beseler 
INSECTS  THAT  MlSUC^Peseler 
BIRTH  OF  A  FLOWER— fle»efer 

How    to    understand    the   spring — some   suggestions    for    the 

student. 
MIDNIGHT  RIDE  OF  PAUL  REVERE— Be«e/«r 

"The  eighteenth  of  .\pril  '75." 

SCHOOL  PROGRAM 
THE  LIVING  WORLD— Carter  Cinema  Co. 

Pictorial  narratives  of  animal  and   vegetable  life.     May   be 

used  in  one  and  two  reel  parts. 
BURTON  HOLMES  TRAVELOG— Famous  Players 

WOMEN'S  CLUB  PROGRAM 
CHILDREN  WELL  AND  HAPPY— lie.ieler 

A   plea   for  teaching  mothercraft   to   all   girls,  acted   cliarm- 

ingly  by  a  prize  babv. 
WHAT  EVERY  WOMAN  KNOWS— Fnmo!i»  Players 

Barrie's  play  amusingly  rendered  on  tlie  screen. 
EDGAR  THE  EXP1X)R,ER— <?o/<facyn 

A  comedy  which  cannot  fail  to  appeal  to  all  who  know  small 

boys.     Bring  the  boys  to  see  it. 


SCREEN  AIDS  WEEK-DAY  RELIGIOUS  INSTRUCTION 

'  I  ■'HE  Pro'.es^ant  churches  of  the  North  Woodward  Avenue 
section  of  De'roit  have  started  a  community  school  for  week- 
day religious  instruction.  The  Congregational  Church  is  being 
used  as  school  quarters.  The  teachers  come  from  the  cooperat- 
ing churches  and  are  equipped  with  public  school  experience 
and  training  in  religious  instruction.  The  school  opened  in 
February  and  will  continue  through  the  remainder  of  the  public 
school  year.  Special  teachers  help  the  children  in  simple  drama- 
tizations of  Bible  s'ories  in  which  the  children  themselves  act 
out  the  parts.  Stereopticon  slides  and  motion  pictures  are  used 
to  illustrate  Bible  scenes. 


MOTION  PICTURE  PROJECTOR  FREE!  Read  how  you  can 
get  one —  inside  front  cover  of  this  issue. 

TWO  SPECIAL  SUBSCRIPTION  OFFERS!  Magazine  and 
Loose-Leaf  Catalog,  6  months,  $3;  3  months,  $L.50.  Read  about 
Catalog  and  Information  Service,  page  32  this  issue. 


2-3 


STSs 


WOMAN  AND  THE  FILM 


CENSORSHIP  BY  THE  PUBLIC  THE  BEST  OF  ALL 

The  Moral  Sense  of  the  Community  Is  the  Keenest  Judge  of 
Ethical   Values   in   Motion   Pictures 

By  Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman 


Oiairman   of  Motion   Pictures,   General   Federation    of   Women's   Clubs 

THE  attitude  of  the  General  Federation  of  Wooien's  Clubs 
upon  the  matter  of  state  censorship  of  motion  pictures 
has  not  always  been  understood. 

In  1918  the  Federation,  at  its  biennial  meeting  in  Hot 
Springs,  Arkansas,  passed  a  resolution  favoring  the  extension 
of  state  censorship  into  all  the  states  of  the  union.  As  a  result 
of  that  resolution,  much  energetic  work  has  been  done  by  groups 
of  women  in  various  states,  until  today  almost  every  state  in 
the  union  either  has  or  is  considering  some  sort  of  censorship 
bill. 

A  difference  of  opinion  will  always  exist  as  to  the  efficacy 
and  wisdom  of  this  form  of  control  of  motion  pictures,  causing 
inevitably  a  division  into  two  groups — those  in  favor  of  and  those 
against  such  legislation.  Therefore,  the  present  Chairman  of 
Motion  Pictures  for  the  General  Federation  feels  it  the  part  of 
wisdom  to  endeavor  to  work  out  a  plan  of  action  which  may 
be  adopted  by  all  groups,  irrespective  of  their  attitude  upon  the 
matter  of  censorship,  and  which  may  prove  practical  for  com- 
munities in  all  states,  whether  governed  by  a  censorship  law  or  not. 

The  sort  of  censorship  that  springs  spontaneously  from  the 
careful  surveillance  of  the  good  people  of  the  community  will 
certainly  get  results  in  the  long  run.  To  many  people,  however, 
it  seems  a  very  slow  process  and  one  that  calls  for  a  great  deal 
of  effort,  time  and  attention.  They  are  apt  to  think  that  a  censor- 
ship law  will  do  away  with  the  necessity  of  such  effort. 

To  those  who  have  held  this  belief,  the  report  which  has  just 
been  received  from  Mrs.  John  Wesley  Brown,  Chairman  of  the 
Education  Committee  of  the  Women's  Civic  League  of  Baltimore, 
will  come  as  something  of  a  surprise.  Mrs.  Brown  writes  as 
follows: 

How  THE  Women  of  Baltimore  Work 


state   as   to   the   pictures    shown,   public   opinion    about   them,   whether 
there  is  volunteer  inspection  or  not,  etc. 

"Censorship  has  not  accomplished  all  tliat  we  hoped  for  because  our 
law  is  inadequate  and  the  appropriation  under  which  the  board  works 
is  too  small.  Censorship  is  difficult  of  enforcement,  too,  because  Mary- 
land is  surroimded  by  territory  which  has  no  censorship — excepting 
Pennsylvania,  of  course." 


"I  have  been  asked  to  give  you  an  account,  somewhat  in  detail,  of 
our  motion  picture  work  in  Baltimore.  Tlie  Women's  Civic  League  has 
a  membership  of  1800  women.  Its  work  is  carried  on  through  an 
Executive  Coimnittce  and  various  other  crminittees,  such  as  the  Educa- 
tion Cormnittee,  the  American  Citizcnsliip  Committee,  etc. 

"Since  last  (X-tober,  the  members  of  the  Education  Committee  have 
been  studying  the  motion  picture  situation  in  Baltimore  and  Maryland. 
The  league  has  a  city-wi<le  organization  with  a  chairman  in  each  ward. 
Under  her  are  various  conunittee  chairmen,  corresponding  to  the  com- 
mittees of  the  organization. 

"Our  first  piece  of  work  was  to  endeavor  to  apix)int  in  every  ward 
of  the  city  a  motion  picture  chairman.  We  now  iiave  sixteen  of  these. 
The  work  of  the  motion  picture  chairman  is  twofold:  1,  To  build  up  in 
her  ward  a  demand  for  better  pictures  liy  getting  the  people  to  approve 
and  patronize  the  good  pictures;  and,  2,'  to  boycott  the  bad. 

"We  have  printed  report  blanks  on  which  our  chairmen  and  their 
workers  make  out  their  reports.  Jlicsc  reports  are  returned  to  the 
office  of  the  Women's  Civic  I.ejiguc,  where  they  are  classified.  From 
this  office  they  are  sent  to  the  Board  of  Motion  Picture  Censors. 

"Our  chairmen  also  endeavor  to  influence  parents  to  keep  their  chil- 
dren out  of  the  motion  picture  parlors. 

"Lntil  last  autunm  our  Board  of  Censors  worke<l  with  little  or  no 
support  from  the  citizens  of  Baltimnrc  and  with  no  criticism.  From 
1916  16  November  1920  the  Board  relitnl  entirely  on  volunteer  inspec- 
tion; then  one  inspector  a  man,  was  engaged  to  work  in  Baltimore. 

"We  felt  that  the  oiiost  <-onstructive  thing  we  could  do  was  to  give 
the  Hoard  of  Censors  another  insi)ector,  a  wonwn.  The  Governor  of 
.Maryland  consented  to  this  and  wc  now  pay  the  salary  of  a  woman 
ins^iector  who  works  under  the  direction  of  the  board.  She  makes  a 
weekly  report  of  her  work  to  \is.  Our  inspector  is  an  intelligent  and 
experience<l  woman  with  great  tact,  and  we  feel  that  she  will  do  good 
work  in  helping  to  enforce  the  law. 

"We  are  now  attempting  to  get  information  from  all  sections  of  the 


Community  Censorship  Best  of  All 

We  see  from  this  report,  therefore,  that  whether  there  is  censor- 
ship or  not,  there  is  need  for  careful  supervision  of  the  motion 
picture  theaters;  and  the  best  supervision  is  that  which  i» 
carried  on  by  the  citizens  of  the  community. 

One  great  advantage  of  this  method  of  censorship  is  that  it 
educates  the  general  public  to  a  careful  consideration  of  the 
real  effect  of  the  piciures  thrown  upon  the  screen,  and  what  we 
need  most  of  all  is  the  elevation  of  the  public  taste. 

Legal  machinery  already  exists  which  will  enable  us  to  control 
the  exhibition  of  motion  pictures,  if  we  will  only  learn  how  to 
make  use  of  it.  Every  theater  before  it  can  open  up  in  a  city, 
must  secure  a  license.  In  order  to  retain  that  license,  it  must 
conform  to  those  laws  or  ordinances  intended  for  its  control. 
Every  community,  for  example,  has  regulations  which  prohibit 
any  exhibition  which  is  salacious,  suggestive,  or  which  tends  to 
corrupt  the  public  morals,  and  the  power  of  these  regulations 
may  be  invoked  by  any  citizen. 

When  once  the  women  realize  that  they  can  set  this  legal 
machinery  in  motion  by  taking  the  necessary  steps,  they  will 
begin  to  plan  their  campaign — a  campaign  very  similar  to  the 
one  conducted  by  the  Women's  Civic  League  of  Baltimore  when 
conducting  volunteer  inspection  under  the  censorship  law. 

The  city  should  be  divided  into  districts,  each  district  having 
so  large  a  committee  that  every  program  of  every  theater  in 
it  may  be  viewed  by  some  of  its  members  without  overtaxing 
any  one  individual. 

The  women  must  realize  that  the  essential  thing  is  to  get 
FACTS.  It  is  not  enough  for  them  to  state  that  the  picture  was 
bad;  they  must  have  in  writing  a  description  of  the  scenes  which 
they  consider  contrary  to  regulations.  With  these  facts  in  their 
possession  they  can  go  to  the  chief  of  police,  to  the  commissioner 
of  licenses,  to  the  commissioner  of  safety,  or  whoever  has  these 
matters  in  charge,  and  lay  their  complaint  before  him.  It  is 
his  place,  then,  to  investigate  and,  if  the  facts  seem  to  him  to 
warrant  it,  to  take  action  accordingly. 

If  this  official  does  not  act  upon  their  complaint,  they  can 
then  go  before  a  magistrate  to  complain  against  the  officer.  In 
almost  every  city  public-spirited  lawyers  will  be  found  ready  to 
assist  in  pressing  any  such  charges  free  of  all  expense. 

As  soon  as  officials  dicover  that  public  opinion  demands  their 
activity  in  these  matters,  they  will  at  once  respond  to  the 
public  pressure.  Exhibitors  will  learn  the  importance  of  con- 
forming more  closely  to  the  legal  requirements,  and  the  general 
public  also  will  be  receiving  an  education  as  to  what  should  and 
should  not  be  allowed  upon  the  screen. 

To  many  this  will  doubtless  seem  an  enormous  task,  but  we 
must  all  remember  that  not  only  is  "eternal  vigilance  the  price 
of  freedom"  but  of  moral  safety  as  weH. 


24 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 


"OUR  DAILY  BREAD" 

FROM  the  wheat  in  the  field  to  the  loaf  on  the  table,  the  story 
of  flour,  is  told  in  the  newest  General  Electric  film  Our 
Daily  Bread.  It  is  a  wonder  tale  of  evolution.  Human  power, 
animal  power,  finally  mechanical  power  reaching  its  climax  in 
the  marvelous  electric  drive  of  the  great  flour  mills,  succeed  one 
another  across  the  screen. 

The  span  of  many  decades  is  witnessed  in  a  few  minutes  of 
time,  and  great  energies,  of  which  few  people  think  as  they  eat 
their  daily  bread,  are  seen  at  work. 

The  old-time  method  of  swath- 
ing wheat  with  the  cradle  and 
raking  and  binding  by  hand  is 
depicted  in  that  section  of  the 
film  illustrating  the  days  of  hu- 
man power.  Following  this  is 
shown  the  use  of  animal 
power  when  the  horse-drawn 
reaper  came  into  existence,  fol- 
lowed by  the  McCormick  binder, 
succeeded  in  turn  by  the  age  of 
mechanical  power  when  great 
tractors,  each  hauling  two  bind- 
ers, roll  over  the  boundless 
stretches  of  farms  that  cover  20,- 
000  acres.  The  spectacular  scene 
during  this  part  of  the  film  is  the 
big  farm  apparatus  drawn  by  32 
horses  which  harvests  a  20-foot 
swath  of  wheat  in  the  twinkling  of  an  eye. 

The  progress  of  human  ingenuity  in  threshing  is  revealed  in 
like  manner,  beginning  with  the  antiquated  flail  method  over 
which  many  a  weary  back  was  bent,  to  the  use  of  horses  to  tread 
on  the  straw,  then  to  the  treadmill  thresher  obsolete  for  the  last 
30  years,  down  to  the  day  of  the  tractor-thresher  of  the  present. 

The  evolution  of  milling  methods  ranges  from  the  time  the  old 
water-wheel  driven  mill  to  the  great  electrically  equipped  mills 
of  the  present  time,  with  their  marble  walls  and  mosaic  floors. 
The  film  shows  both  types  in  action. 

The  entire  process  of  milling  is  summarized  in  picture  form. 
From  tanks  where  millions  of  bushels  are  stored,  the  wheat 
passes  in  conveyors  to  the  mills,  is  then  sifted,  washed,  put 
through  a  magnetic  separator,  ground,  bolted  and  purified.  Last 
of  all  it  is  bagged  by  machinery  and  passes  out  of  the  mill  to  the 
grocer  without  ever  having  been  touched  by  the  human  hand. 

The  film  continues  the  story  down  to  the  mixing  of  bread,  first 
by  hand,  now  by  the  electric  mixer,  from  which  has  arisen  the  pres- 
ent-day trend  of  bread  baked  in  quantity  by  electrically  equipped 
bakeries  and  delivered  to  the  homes  by  wagon.  It  is  the  successor 
of  mother's  bread-making  and  it  reminds  the  hungry  family 
around  the  dinner  table  of  mothers  bread,  although  made  by 
means  of  which  mothers  a  decade  or  two  ago  never  dreamed. 


VOU  can't  hfat  innther's  bread  for 
parity,  lijilitncss.  and  flavor  but 
the  electric  method  of  baking  as 
shown  in  tlie  General  Electric  film 
"Our  Daily  Bread"  has  superseded 
the  good  old  home  process. 


TRACTOR  MOVIES  AT  COLUMBUS  SHOW 

THE  motion  picture  department  of  the  National  Tractor 
Show  this  year  proved  to  be  one  of  the  real  features  of 
the  show.  Over  15,000  people  attended  the  tractor  movies 
and  over  50,000  feet  of  film  shown.  Some  of  the  films  depicted 
the  manufacture  of  accessories  or  tractors.  Others  were  clever 
romances  built  around  the  sale  of  the  tractor  to  the  farmer.  Still 
other  pictures  gave  glimpses  of  a  number  of  the  big  manufac- 
turing institutions.  The  Timken  "Tractoresques"  furnished  a 
large  proportion  of  the  comedy.  Visitors  could  examine  the 
machines  on  the  main  floors  and  then  go  up  and  see  on  the  screen 
how  they  operated  under  various  conditions  and  in  all  sections 
of  the  country.  The  films  were  exhibited  on  a  regular  schedule. 
Following  is  a  list  of  the  various  pictures  shown: 

The   lieenuin   Tractor,   Beeinan  Tractor  Co,   Minneapolis,   Minn. 

Climbing  Pike's  Peak,  Northwestern  Logging,  Holt  Mfg.  Co.,  Peoria, 
111. 

Bates  Tractor  in  Action,  Bates  Tractor  &  Machine  Co.,  Joliet,  111. 

Passing  of  Dvh  Wilson,  J.  I.  Case  Plow  Works  Co.,  Racine,  Wi.s. 

How  E.-B.  Tractors  Are  Hade,  and  Power  Farming,  Emerson-Brant- 
ingliam  Co ,  Rockford,  111. 

Field  and  Factory  Scenes,  Advancc-Iiiimely  Thresher  Co.,  Laporte, 
Ind. 

The  Tractor  in  the  Making,  J.  I.  Case  Threshing  Machine  Co. 
Adam  Good  Has  a  Good  Idea,  Twin  City  Co.,  Minneajwlis,  Minn. 
Why  the  Magneto,  Eisemann  Magneto  Corporation,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
The  Automotive  Tractor,  Automotive  Cor]xiration,  Tole(!o,  O. 
Animated  Tractor  Cartoons,  Timken  Roller  Bearing  Co.,  Canton,  O. 
The  Midwest  Utilitor,  the  Baby  of  Them  All,  Midwest  Engine  Co., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 

White  Rose,  National  Refining  Co.,  Cleveland,  O. 

The  Once-Over  Tiller,  Scientific  Fanning  Machinery  Co ,  Minneapolis, 
Minn. 

Making  Gear  Blanks,  Midvale  Steel  &  Ordnance  Co.,  Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 

Southern  Logging,  and  Road  Building,  Holt  Mfg.  Co.,  Peoria,  111. 

The  Lauson  Tractor,  John  Laiison  Mfg.  Co.,  New  Holstein,  Wis. 

Moline  System  of  Farming  with  Power,  Moline  Plow  Co.,  Moline,  111. 

Tractorizing  Pad,  Avery  Co.,  Peoria,  111. 

The  Native  Son,  C.  L.  Best  Tractor  Co.,  San  I.eandro,  Cal. 

Soil  Sense,  Dunham  Co.,  Berea,  O. 

The  Cletrac  Way  Makes  Farming  Pay,  Cleveland  Tractor  Co.,  Cleve- 
land, Ohio. 

OUm^pses  of  the  Oliver  Plow  Works,  Oliver  Chilled  Plow  Works, 
South  Bend,  Ind. 

Operating,  Care  and  Repair  of  Tractors,  Emerson-Brantingham  Co., 
Rockford,   III. 

C.  L.  Venard  of  the  Venard  Film  Corporation,  Peoria,  111., 
managed  the  motion  picture  exhibition. 


SOUTH  AFRICAN  INDUSTRIAL  FILMS 

'T'HE  African  Film  Productions  of  Johanneshurg  were  organized  four 
■*-  years  ago  to  produce  pictures  of  South  African  life,  history  and 
scenery.  They  are  doing  important  work,  visualizing  South  African 
industries  and  products  in  cooperation  with  government  plans  for  ad- 
vertising that  region.     The  following  industries  have  been  filmed: 

Gold  mining  and  extraction  (Johannesburg),  sugar  and  by-products 
(Durban),  iron  and  steel  (Vereeniging),  pottery  and  bricks  (Vereenig- 
ing),  coal  bunkering  at  Durban. 

In  addition  to  htese  completed  pictures  considerable  progress  has 
been  made  in  connection  with  the  following,  which  have  been  authorized 
by  the  government:  Tobacco  growing  and  manufacturing,  whaling,  fruit 
growing  for  ex])ort,  fruit  drying  and  ex{>orting,  wine  and  brandy 
industry,  dairying,  cotton,  forestry,  and  ranching. 

The  African  Film  Productions  are  placing  their  pictures  on  the 
market  in  the  United  Kingdom  and  America  in  exactly  the  same  way 
as  American  and  British  companies  are  sending  films  to  all  parts  of 
the  world. 


36 


HOW  A  BIG  DAILY  NEWSPAPER  GETS  OUT  AN  "EXTRY' 


A  PUFF  of  smoke.  Flames  leaping  from  a  factory  building 
window.  The  tinkle  of  broken  glass.  An  alarm  of  fire 
turned  in.  While  fire  apparatus  thunders  thru  downtown 
street  toward  the  burning  structure  in  Cincinnati's  fac- 
tory district,  a  patrolman  sees  a  skulking  form  dart  from  its 
hiding  place  near  the  building.  He  collars  the  man,  who  has 
waited  just  a  minute  too  long  to  make  a  clean  getaway.  They 
struggle. 

Meanwhile,  as  the  alarm  is  registered  on  the  fire  tower  "panel 
board"  at  City  Hall,  the  box  number  is  being  tapped  off  on  a  bell 
in  the  editorial  rooms  of  a  newspaper.  A  reporter  springs  to  the 
fire  alarm  card  beside  the  bell  and  notes  the  box  number  and  its 
location. 

He  is  despatched  by  the  city  editor  to  "cover"  the  fire. 

Back  again  at  the  scene  of  the  fire,  the  patrolman  pursues 
the  man,  who  has  evaded  him.  Cornered,  the  suspect  surrenders. 
The  reporter  watches  the  fire's  progress,  talking  to  firemen,  by- 
standers, factory  employees  and  others  who  know  facts  about  the 
blaze.    He  witnesses  rescue  of  persons  trapped  on  upper  floors. 

Then  he  phones  his  office,  dictating  from  his  notes  to  a  man 
who  transcribes  the  story  on  a  typewriter.  The  city  editor  and  his 
assistants  whip  the  story  into  shape,  altering  a  word  here  or  there 
or  cutting  down  its  length  to  speed  up  typesetting. 

Then,  to  be  or  not  to  be — an  extra.  The  managing  editor  reads 
the  fire  story  and  decides  the  news  isn't  "big  enough"  to  warrant 
an  extra  edition. 

At  detective  headquarters  the  prisoner  is  questioned.  He  is 
identified  as  an  arson  fiend  who  has  a  police  record.  The  reporter 
stationed  at  police  headquarters  phones  the  new  development  to 
the  office  immediately. 


This  time  the  story  has  a  clear  path.  In  the  composing  room 
the  "copy"  as  the  written  story  is  called,  is  cut  into  sections  so 
that  several  linotype  operators  may  work  on  typesetting.  Line 
by  line,  at  a  fast  rate  of  speed,  the  story  is  "set,"  and  soon  it  is 
ready  to  be  placed  in  the  "form"  or  metal  frame  in  which  type 
for  an  entire  page  is  put. 

Then  the  sterolypers  get  the  form  in  which  the  type  has  been 
locked  securely  and  matrices  and  casts  are  made.  The  huge 
presses  are  made  ready  for  use,  the  semi-cylindrical  metal  casts 
locked  on  the  big  cylinders  and  "they're  off,"  as  the  newsboys 
cry. 

Twenty  minutes  after  it  all  starts  the  people  of  a  great  citv 
are  reading  about  it.  Such  is  modern  newspaper  speed  and 
system. 

All  this  happens  in  The  Newspaper  an  educational  motion  pic- 
ture, just  completed  for  the  Cincinnati  Post  by  Romell  Motion 
Picture  Company,  of  Cincinnati. 

Newspaper  scenes  were  taken  at  The  Post's  big  plant,  Post 
Square  and  Elm  Street,  and  real  editors,  reporters,  advertising 
men,  printers,  pressmen,  sterolypers  and  other  employes  were 
the  actors.  Newspapermen  present  at  the  first  screening  after 
the  film  was  cut  and  edited,  told  Frank  J.  Romell,  head  of  the 
producing  company,  it  was  the  only  faithful  portrayal  thev  had 
seen  showing  how  a  metropolitan  daily  is  gotten  out. 

Mr.  Romell  believes  the  picture  is  superior  to  any  other  movie 
ever  filmed  in  Cincinnati. 

The  Village  Gossip,  Mrs.  Evans,  Cartoonist  Claude  Shafer 
and  others  familiar  to  Post  readers  are  in  the  movie.  They  are 
shown  at  their  work. 


lilbskMns.  U 
Evans         ^ 

Should^  11 
marrj'  — 


^lorioos 


clo*«-  "p  °f  Torn  2>vJOp«. - 


and  4»i«.whfl(<i  u(0rk9      ^<» 


iniide  for  The  Cincinnati    I'oil,    by    itii    iiliiff    iirtint. 

iiew»pap«nnen  to  b«  the  moit  realMIc  of  the  kind  ttiey  have  ever  neen. 

26 


IMPRESSIONS  of  The  Newtpuper,  Itic  lllm 


The  picture  has  been 
filmed  for  The  Post  so 
that  newspaper  readers 
may  obtain  an  idea  of 
all  that  goes  into  the 
making  of  the  paper  they 
take  home  with  them  every 
evening  and  in  which,  for 
a  few  cents,  they  have 
spread  before  them  the  news 
of  the  world,  and  are  in^ 
structed,  informed,  amusec 
and  entertained. 

Credit  for  able  directior 
of  the  film  goes  to  Richarc 
P.  Young,  while  photog 
raphy,  often  difficult  in  th« 
extreme,  is  by  Edward  Kie 
fer,  Charles  Grow  an< 
George  Lachtrop. 

The  Newspaper  will  bi 
rele^ed,  free  of  charge 
by  The  Post  to  churches 
schools,  improvement  asso 
ciations,  community  am 
business  men's  clubs  am 
like  organizations.  Thos 
wishing  to  obtain  the  filr 
should  communicate  will 
the  Business  Manager  o 
■n.i»  picture  is  declared  by  j^  p^^^^  Cincinnati,  Ohi< 


^#'^' 


SptizcL- 


"ONE  FLIGHT  DOWN" 

So  few  dean,  wholesome  film  comedies  are 
produced  these  days  that  it  is  a  genuine 
pleasure  to  discover  one  free  from  horse 
!play,  vulgar  and  suggestive  situations,  half- 
laude  girls,  and  slangy  and  offensive  subtitles. 
'One  Flight  Down,  a  two  reeler  produced  for 
the  Filene  department  store  of  Boston  by  the 
Worcester  Film  Corporation,  certainly  belongs 
n  the  cJean  class,  and,  what  is  more,  it  is  not 
.)nly  good  light  entertainment  but  it  is  one  of 
•Jwse  rare  birds— a  comedy  film  with  a  mes- 
jiage.  This  message  is  never  at  any  point 
.•rammed  down  the  throats  of  the  viewers,  but 
|S  quite  unobtrusive.  Another  point  about  this 
picture  which  is  conunendable  is  that  although 
■  here  are  a  number  of  opportunities  to  thrust 
i;he  Filene  name  forward  it  is  never  done  but 
it  is  always  the  story  which  occupies  the  fore- 
ground. 

One  Flight  Down  deals  with  the  adventures 
j)f  a  good  looking  young  man,  manager  of  the 
jasement  shoe  department,  and  a  pretty  young 
'voman,  employed  in  the  delivery  department 
>f  the  same  store.  Both  are  ambitious  to  rise 
Jio  better  things.  The  man's  chum  is  chauffeur 
for  a  wealtliy  broker,  and  when  the  latter's 
•ar  is  not  in  use  by  the  family  the  chauffeur 
akes  out  his  clerk  friend  for  drives  in  a  con- 
piracy  to  find  him  a  wealthy  society  wife. 
Accidentally  they  meet  while  out  driving  the 
lelivery  department  girl  who  could  not  resist 
he  temptation  to  bedeck  herself  in  fine  rai- 
ment which  she  wa«  keeping  at  home  over  Sun- 
lay  because  she  could  not  make  the  delivery 
'f  the  goods  the  day  before.  The  girl's  brother 
s  butler  to  another  man  of  means,  aind  as 
■here  is  nobody  home  he  permits  her  to  pose 
;S  the  lady  of  the  mansion  who  entertains  the 
I'ould-be  owner  of  the  car  and  several  other 
maginary  symbols  of  wealth.  Of  course  in  the 
nd  the  two  imposters  learn  of  the  repicrocal 
raud,  and  decide  to  continue  the  joke  by  get- 
ing  married. 

,  The  lesson  of  the  picture  is  obvious:  Don't 
it  high-falutin'  notions  of  wealth  and  society 
nd  fine  clothes  run  away  with  your  comjnon 
ense.  Keep  on  working  at  your  job,  get  a 
ice  little  home  and  family  of  your  own,  save 
U  you  can,  and  be  happy.  Surely  a  message 
.'orth  while! 

One  Flifht  Down.    Distributed  by  Worcester  Film 
orporation.   U5  West  4.«h  Street,   New   York  City. 

*  * 

FLASHES  ON  WORLD'S  SCREEN 

4DUILD    THY    HOUSE,"    motion    picture 

•*-*  plea    for   the   cause  of   labor,^  has   been 

ro<luced    in   England,  with   Henry   Ainley   in 

ie  role  of  Labor's  champion. 

The  Tennessee  State  Board  of  Health  gave 

motion    picture    showing    in    the    House    of 

representatives  at  the  State  Capitol  in  Nash- 

ille,  to  illustrate  the  department  plans  for  the 

mservation  of  public  health. 

Farmers  and  farmers'  wives  residing  in  the 

icinity   of   Buhl,    Idaho,   attended   a   two-day 

■cture  course,  which  included  films  and  slides, 

11   March    15    and    16.     Prof.    P.   G.    Holden, 

rson   Ryan  and  Miss  Zella  Wigent  were  the 

leakers. 

In  connection  with  a  tractor  school  for  farm- 
's in  Centralia,  Wash.,  films  were  shown  at 
.le  Hotel  Centralia.  "Keep  the  Boy  on  the 
arm,"  "Farming  with  a  Fordson,"  and 
Where  and  How  Ford  Cars  Are  Made"  were 
me  of  them. 

.  County  farm  bureaus  are  using  movies  to 
^lod  advantage  throughout  the  middle  west, 
lie  McClean  County  bureau,  at  Blooniington, 
1 1-,  reports  an  attendance  of  3084  at  thirty- 
j'O  township  and  school  meetings. 


INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NOTES 

MEXICO  has  sent  a  delegation  of  influ- 
ential business  men  and  officials  of  the 
Confederated  Chamber  of  Commerce  of 
.Mexico  to  the  United  States  to  visit  twenty-six 
of  the  largest  cities  to  promote  a  better  under- 
standing of  trade  relations  between  the  two 
countries.  Many  reels  covering  Mexican  indus- 
trial activities  are  included  in  this  publicity 
campaign. 

At  a  recent  banquet  given  at  Atlanta,  Ga., 
to  about  100  representatives  of  the  Reo  Motor 
Car  Company,  a  five  reel  motion  picture  was 
slwwn  of  the  Reo  plant.  The  forging  of  parts 
and  assembling  the  car  were  a  revelation  to 
many  of  the  salesmen. 

Through  the  courtesy  of  G.  H.  Mead  Com- 
pany, newsprint  manufacturers,  school  children 
of  the  middle  west  can  see  on  the  screen  how 
newsprint  paper  is  made.  The  picture  is  being 
shown  at  local  theaters.  Eight  reels  describe 
growing  spruce  in  the  forest,  transportation  to 
the  mill,  converting  into  paper  stock,  and  the 
finished  product  as  it  comes  from  the  presses. 

St.  Paul  Institute,  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  is  using 
industrial  films  in  its  vocational  guidance  de- 
partment to  assist  pupils  in  choosing  the 
proper  vocation.  This  is  one  of  the  greatest 
fields  of  usefulness  in  which  industrial  pictures 
are  employed.  By  means  of  the  film  it  is  pos- 
sible to  bring  the  factory,  the  office,  and  the 
farm  into  the  schoolroom  for  study  and  dis- 
cussion. 

The  L'niversity  of  California  is  distributing 
a  motion  picture  entitled  The  Hand  of  Fate 
dramatizing  the  principle  of  Safety  First.  The 
lesson  is  interwoven  with  a  story  of  romance 
and  dramatic  action  that  makes  an  appeal  to 
employes  of  the  industrial  world  to  observe 
the  rules  of  safety  above  everything  else. 

George  K.  I-inderman,  president  of  the  Globe 
Aerial  Transportation  Company,  recently  ad- 
dressed the  members  of  the  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce, Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  exhibiting  in  motion 
pictures  the  practicability  of  the  airplane  in 
the  economic  transportation  of  express  matter. 
*  * 

FILMS  TO  SELL  BRITISH  AUTOS 
'T'HE  American  Chamber  of  Commerce  in 
London  advises  that  British  motor  car 
manufacturers  are  starting  new  forms  of 
propaganda  in  order  to  push  forward  the  sale 
of  British  motors  in  overseas  markets.  Ex- 
periments are  to  be  made  with  cinematograph 
films  as  an  initial  step. 

This  announcement  was  made  at  a  meeting 
of  the  Imperial  Motor  Transport  Council  by 
the  Secretary  of  the  Department  of  Overseas 
Tratle,  who  stated  that  Britain  was  very  much 
behind  other  countries  in  the  utilization  of 
films  for  trade  purposes.  It  was  also  pointed 
out  that  the  present  cost  of  maintaining  a 
large  stock  of  demonstration  cars  and  send- 
ing them  round  tlie  world  was  much  greater 
than  the  cost  of  producing  films. 


MOVIES  AND  CAMEL  GULPERS 

(Rev.  William  Wood,  of  U  Middle  Street,  Madi- 
son, Maine,  has  favored  Edi'Cational  Film  Maqazins 
with  the  following  interesting  verses  which  are  right 
to  the  point.  He  writes  the  Editor  thus:  "We  have 
lor  some  lime  been  using  motion  pictures  in  our 
church  with  increasing  public  favor.  Some  people. 
liowever,  are  deeply  prejudiced  and  will  not  see. 
riiey  are  the  camel-swallowing  tribe  of  modem 
days.") 

"(>  fools!  and  slow  of  lieart"  to  see 

In  parables  of  light 
The  possibilities  of  life 

Through  eyes  God  gave  for  sight! 
Tlie  lily,  rose,  the  wheat  and  tares. 

The  hen  and  little  birds 
In  motion  pictures  reach  the  heart 

More  readily  than  words! 
Be  not  right(x>us  over  much, 

Xor  too  serenely  wise; 

Why  should'st  thou  destroy  thyself  (Ecc.  7:17) 

To  please  the  King  of  Lies? 
Why  spend  your  time  in  straining  gnats — 

The  gossip  of  the  town — 
And  then  without  a  blush  of  shame 

Go  gulping  camels  down? 
Why  rail  against  the  Church  of  God 

For  illustrating  truth 
In  motion  pictures — Bartimaeus, 

.Jesus,  Joshua,  Ruth  I 
'J  hen  sit  for  hours  in  theaters. 

Enjoying  pictured  sin? 
()  Camel  Gulping  Citizens, 

Let  common  sense  come  in !  . 


—  Get  This  Photoplay! 

"Problems  of  Pin-Hole  Parish" 

by  Rev.  Charles  E.  Bradt.  D.  D. 
Produced  especially  for  use  in  the  church. 
A  striking  picture  with  a  Great  Message. 
Write  now  for  particulars.  Address:  The 
World  Missionary  Drama  League,  producers, 
Dept.  A,  1SI3  Stevens  BIdg.,  17  N.  State  St., 
Chicago,   III. 


LYMAN    H.    HOWE 

offers  for  sale 
used  copies  in  excellent  condition  of 
SCENIC,  INDUSTRIAL,  ANIMAL 

AND    MI.SCELLANEOUS 

EDUCATIONAL  FILMS 

Suitable  for  schools,  churches  or  any 
other   non-theatrical    purpose. 

THE  LYMAN  H.  HOWE  FILMS  CO.,  Inc 

175-177  West  River  Street, 
WILKES-BARRE,  PA. 


WANTED 

Negatives  of  Scenic,  Educational,  Religious 
and  Travel  Subjects.  Also  used  prints  in  any 
quantity.     State  footage  and   condition. 

Daniel     J.    Gof  f 

3159  Indiana  Ave.  Chicago,  111. 

27 


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TAKING  THE  MOUNTAIN  TO  MAHOMET* 
By  Chari.es  Randolph  Thomas 

THE  story  of  how  Walter  Anderson  went  to  South  Africa 
with  10  salesmen  packed  in  a  trunk  may  be  of  interest. 
These  salesmen  were  keen  and  aggressive  fellows,  full 
of  information  and  pep  and  had  the  specific  knowledge  of  their 
line  that  convinces  the  buyer.  Anderson  was  selling  mining 
machinery.  He  had  wi  h  him  one  fellow  who  was  an  expert 
on  ore  dressing.  Another  was  remarkably  well  informed  on  mine 
haulage,  locomotives,  tracks,  and  so  forth.  Another  knew  all 
about  ventilating  and  pumps  and  was  there  to  back  lip  his  know- 
ledge with  a  few  demonstrations  of  machines  used  and  ihe  number 
of  men  required  to  opera'e  them.  Still  another  knew  all  about 
steam  shovels,  what  type  could  be  used  in  a  mine  to  the  best 
advantage,  and  how. 

A  short  time  before,  Anderson  had  visited  construction  and 
mining  camps  from  the  top  of  the  Andes  Mountains  to  the  hills 
of  South  Africa.  On  this  trip  he  had  a  feeling  very  much  like 
that  of  a  commercial  Don  Quixote  who  was  armed  with  catalogs 
and  booklets  as  a  lance,  and  he  had  traveled  over  the  territory 
with  but  little  success.  His  methods  were  new,  his  machines 
were  unknown,  and  he  was  thousands  of  weary  miles  from  a 
comfortable  hotel.  He  was  a  good  salesman,  but  he  lacked  a 
way  to  back  up  his  statements. 

On  his  way  home  he  conceived  the  idea  of  making  a  series 
of  motion  pictures  illustrating  advanced  methods  of  mining 
with  the  latest  machines.  Arriving  home,  he  went  patiently  to 
work  and  in  spite  of  attempted  witticisms  on  the  part  of  salesmen 
and  the  half-hear'.ed  support  of  the  firms  he  represented,  he  pro- 
ceeded to  the  realization  of  his  idea. 

With  infinite  pains  he  selec  ed  those  points  at  which  machines 
were  operating  under  conditions  similar  to  those  that  would  be 
met  in  this  country  in  which  he  wished  to  do  his  selling.  Then 
he  prepared  an  outline  of  ideas  which  told  clearly  the  details 
of  the  application  of  the  machines  to  that  particular  method  of 
mining.  All  the  conditions  were  shown,  such  as  the  character  of 
the  ore,  transportation  facilities,  and  so  forth.  The  various 
operations  of  the  machine  were  shown,  the  number  of  men  re- 
quired to  keep  it  going,  the  exact  working  of  each  part,  the  rate 
of  speed  at  which  work  was  accomplished  and  the  care  that  should 
be  taken  of  the  machine  in  order  to  keep  it  working  at  its  highest 
efficiency.  A  comparison  of  machine  methods  with  others  not  so 
economical  was  also  made.  Then  he  selected  certain  features 
of  the  machine  which  he  considered  superior  for  close-up  views 
and  showed  the  coordination  of  these  parts  with  the  rest  of  the 
machine.  After  this  outline  was  prepared  he  took  pictures  which 
followed  it  closely.  The  method  was  shown,  then  the  machine 
that  fit  into  the  method,  and  after  that,  the  particular  features 
of  the  machine  which  made  it  a  success  and  superior  to  other 
machines  of  that  type.  With  these  phantom  salesmen  in  his 
steamer  trunk  he  departed  for  South  Africa,  full  of  confidence 
and  renewed  determination. 

"We  have  always  used  the  method  you  see  here,"  remarked 
the  superintendent  of  a  mining  camp  visited  by  Anderson  as  he 
was  showing  him  through  the  workings. 

"I  believe  you  can  save  money  by  adopting  a  slight  modification 
at  some  points,"  replied  Anderson.  And  he  proceeded  to  tell 
him  hb  ideas. 

'That  sounds  interesting,"  replied  the  superintendent,  "but  I 
should  like  to  see  it  before  trying  it  out." 

"Can  I  see  you  at  your  office  in  the  morning?"  asked  the  sales- 
man. 

The  superintendent  granted  the  request  and  the  following  morn- 


ing   Anderson    appeared    accompanied    by    a    boy    carrying   the 
canned  salesmen. 

"I  am  going  to  show  you  that  method  in  actual  use,"  promisee 
Anderson.  "Ask  the  formen  to  come  in,  if  you  will.  I  should 
like  them  to  see  it." 

A  few  minutes  later  Anderson's  salesmen  were  going  througl 
their  stunts,  demonstrating  the  methods  and  the  machines  ht 
advocated. 

Imagine  a  group  of  men  assembled  in  a  room  watching  i 
method  of  operation  they  have  never  seen  before,  but  of  whicl 
they  have  read  or  perhaps  heard.  The  machines  are  in  actua 
operation  before  their  eyes.  Each  machine  is  there  in  realitj 
for  all  men  are  gifted  with  imagination  in  a  greater  or  less^ 
degree.  Needless  to  say,  Anderson  sold  his  machinery  anc 
repeated  his  success  at  other  mines  in  that  same  locality.  He  tool 
the  mountain  to  Mahomet. 


'From  System. 


ALL  AROUND 

WITH  THE 

CAMERAMAN 

Issued  bi-monthly — each  reel 
including  from  five  to  tei 
subjects — and  no  subject  ove 
250  feet  in  length. 


\griculture — HorUculluie — Industry — Travel — Science — etc 
We  can  supply  the  educational  films  you  need. 

ATLAS  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  CO. 

1113  S.  Boulevard,  Oak  Park  (A  suburb  of  Chicago) ,  111. 


The  STONE  &  CHENEY 

TECHNICAL  PHOTOGRAPHIC   LABORATORIES 
Berkeley,  California 

Offer  a  complete  service  in  tlie  production  of  Educational 
and  Industrial  Motion  Picture-s.  We  are  experts  in  the  fol- 
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growing  plants;  Prizma  Color  Process:  .Animated  Scientific 
Diagrams;  Life  Histories  of  plants  and  animals;  Marine 
photography;  Still  Photography  of  all  kinds. 

We  are  producers  of  the  world  famous  film  entitled, 
"HOW  LIFE  BEGINS"  and  have  completed  a  8  reel  sequel 
entitled  "THE  LIVING  WORLD"  which  is  a  complete  study 
in  Biology.  "Birds  of  the  Farallones"  will  be  rele.Tsed  March 
1.  In  preparation;  "The  Mosquito  and  the  Malarial  Para- 
site." The  Plant  World;  The  Animal  World,  Animal  Intel- 
ligence, etc. 


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28 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


News   Notes  and   Comment   on    Educational   and   Allied   Films 

from  Institutions,  Organizations,  Producers  and  Individuals 

in    the    United    States    and    Canada    and    Overseas 


I 

ARTHUR  FISHER,  a  member  of  the 
Z<H)Iof^ical   S(X'iety  of  Philadelphia, 
recently  lectured  before  the  Acad- 
emy  of    Natural   Sciences    in   that   city 
on   "An   Animated   Photograpliic  Jour- 
ney through  the  Philadelphia  Zoolof^ical 
I  Gardens."  The  films  he  exhibited  were 
taken    by   him    and    were    included    in 
',  the  Kineto  Reviews. 

*  * 

r      Joseph    B.     Egan,    principal    of    the 
I  public    school    in    Charlestown,    Mass., 
'  gives   movies   every   Wednesday   after- 
j  noon    to    430    children    who    pay    six 
cents  admission.    The  proceeds  are  de- 
I  voted    to    educational    and    charitable 
'  work    in    the    district.     The   fund    pro- 
vides for  clothes,  siioes,  food,  medical 
attention,  etc.,  for  children  who  need 
these  things. 

*  * 

In     Morris,     III.,    the    County    Farm 
Bureau   recently  exhibited  a  film  called 
"Farm     Inconveniences,''     teaching     a 
(  lesson  of  thrift  and  efficiency. 

*  * 
Up-to-date  motion  picture  apparatus 

«ill  be  installed  in  the  new  building 
of  the  University  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  at 
Madison,  Wis,,  which  wilt  house  450 
men. 

*  * 

"A  Girl  Named  Mary,"  starring 
Marguerite  Clark,  and  an  instructional 
picture  made  up  the  program  of  the 
Kal-Yo-Klub  at  the  First  Methodist 
Omrch,   Kalamazoo,   Mich.,   recently. 

*  * 
Community    movie    nights    are    very 

popular  at  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Lake 
Geneva,  Wis.  Rex  Beach's  "Going 
Some"  was  recently  on  the  program. 

*  * 

William  Famum  in  "A  Tale  of  Two 
Cities,"  a  Fox  production,  was  given 
at  the  Crystal  Theater,  Dundee,  111., 
under  the  auspices  of  tlie  Dundee 
Civic  and  Athletic  Qub. 


Films  made  when  tlie  King  of  Den- 
mark took  posse.ssion  of  1533  square 
miles  of  Schleswig.  restored  to  that 
country  under  the  plebiscite  vote,  were 
shown  at  the  Temple  Theater.  Gray- 
ling, Micli..  on  March  18.  The  pictures 
are  being  presented  to  Danish  groups 
in  various  sections  of  the  country. 

*  * 

Dr.  Sloan,  of  Blooniington,  111.,  in 
lecturing  on  "Corrective  Celiotomy"  at 
the  meeting  of  the  Ford-Iroquois  Medi- 
Ciil  Society  in  Paxton,  III.,  illustrated 
his  remarks  with  motion  pictures  of 
the  thyroid  operation  as  he  performs 
it.      • 

«  * 

The  welfare  work  being  done  by  the 
Modern  Woodmen  of  America  in 
arresting  tuberculosis  was  shown  in 
movies  at  the  Grand  Theater,  Bemidji, 
Minn'.  * 

*  * 

Dr.  Francis  Holley,  director  of  the 
Bureau  of  Commercial  Economics,  has 
arranged  with  the  American  Legion 
to  show  films  distributed  by  the  bureau 
before  the  members  of  loeal  posts. 

*  * 

"How  Life  Begins"  is  being  actively 
employed  by  various  state  boards  of 
health,  especially  in  the  middle  west, 
in  "keeping  fit"  lecture  drives. 


Motion  pictures  on  the  eare  of  the 
orchard  and  the  benefits  of  proper 
feeding  of  poultry  were  shown  to 
farmers  at  Center  Point  and  LaFay- 
ette,  Iowa,  recently. 


.\t  the  Second  Pre.sbyterian  Church, 
Tulsa,  Okla.,  "From  the  Manger  to 
the  Cross"  was  shown  for  two  days 
to  children  and  adults.  No  admission 
wiis  charged,  a  silver  collection  being 
taken  up. 


"The  Stream  of  Life,"  distributed 
by  International  Church  Film  Corp., 
was  shown  at  Central  M.  E.  Church, 
Springfield,  Ohio,  recently,  on  > 
Thursday  afternoon  and   evening. 


"Salvage"  is  the  title  of  a  British- 
made  film  appealing  to  the  public  on 
behalf  of  one  of  England's  finest 
charitable  institutions.  Dr.  Bamardo's 
Homes.  The  picture  is  the  work  of 
E.  R.  Bashame  and  is  said  to  be  very 
striking.  Garrick  Aitken,  six  years 
old,  is  the  little  star. 


A  recent  program  at  the  JelTerson 
.\venue  M.  E.  Church,  Saginaw,  Mich., 
consi.rted  of  an  0.  Henry  story.  "The 
Purple  Dress,"  a  comedy,  "What  Hap- 
pened to  Peggy,"  and  a  scenic  "The 
Sunset  Trail." 

*  * 

For  the  benefit  of  its  carriers  and 
"newsies"  the  Times-Tribune  of  Bay 
City,  Mich.,  showed  a  five  reeler  "Jinx 
at  the  Circus"  at  the  local  Y.  M.  C  A. 
It  was  a  great  treat  for  the  l)oys. 


Mrs.  James  B.  Seager.  field  repre- 
sentative in  California  and  Arizona  of 
the  American  Committee  for  Devas- 
tated France,  showed  "French  Boy 
Scouts  in  the  Devastated  Region"  and 
"Life  in  the  Zone  Rouge"  in  the  high 
school  auditorium  at  Pasadena,  Cal., 
on  March  17.  Local  Boy  Scouts  acted 
as  ticket  takers  and  ushers. 

Mary  McAllister  in  "Kill  Joy"  was 
the  recent  attraction  at  St.  Mary's 
Academy,  Quincy,  III. 


The  class  of  1921,  as  a  "class  me- 
morial," has  donated  a  projection 
machine  to  the  high  school  of  Niles, 
Mich. 


The  Heights  Christian  Church,  Hous- 
ton. Texas,  shows  movies  every  Thurs- 
day and  Sunday  night.  "Dombey  and 
Son"  was  a  recent  feature.  On  Sun- 
days Biblical  films  are  used. 


The  Ladies'  .Auxiliary  of  the  Alex- 
andria. Va..  Y."  M.  C.  A.  are  putting 
on  special  movie  shows  for  children 
Saturday  afternoons.  On  Saturday 
nights  the  pictures  are  for  young 
people  more  than  fifteen  years  old. 


Whittier  School  Mothers'  Club,  of 
St.  Paul,  Minn.,  gave  "Hucklelwrry 
Finn"  at  the  Blue  Bird  Theater  in 
that  city  recently. 

*  • 

Community  movies  are  given  at 
Washington  High  School,  East  Chicago, 
Ind.,  under  the  supervision  of  Princi- 
pal H.  H.  Gark.  Recent  photoplays 
screened  were  "Arabian  Night,"  ".\lad- 
din  and  His  Wonderful  Lamp,"  "All 
Babi  and  the  Forty  Thieves,"  and  "A 
Tale  of  Two  Cities." 


The  Church  of  the  Redeemer,  Min- 
neapolis. Minn.,  exhibited  "The  Shep- 
herd," a  pa.storal  interpretation  of 
the  twenty-third   psalm. 

*  * 

-'The  Problems  of  Pin-Hole  Parish" 
and  "The  Cruise  of  the  Make  Believe" 
were  two  films  shown  recently  at  the 
Presbyterian   Church,   De  Pere,  Wis. 

*  * 

Saturday  morning  movies  at  the 
Shubert-Belasco  Theater,  Washington, 
D.C.,  recently  included  "Little  Red 
Riding  Hood,"  "Cinderella,"  "The  Pied 
Piper  of  Hamelin,"  "Bobby  Bumps 
Becomes  an  Ace,"  and  natural  history, 
patriotic  and  other  educational  sub- 
jects. 


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THE  PROBLEMS  OF  PIN-HOLE  PARISH 

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29 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


1 


The  municipal  council  of  Paris, 
France,  lias  been  asked  for  an  appro- 
priation to  organize  a  motion  picture 
library  in  connection  with  tlie  public 
schools.  A  special  commission  may  be 
empowered  to  establish  a  visual  in- 
struction department  in  the  lower 
grades,  and  later  in  the  upper  grades. 

*  * 

"Come  aean,"  showing  the  impor- 
tance of  the  proper  care  of  the  teeth, 
was  screened  at  the  Eugene  Theater, 
Eugene,  Ore.,  under  the  auspices  of 
the  Parent-Teacher  Association.  The 
film  was  highly  recommended  by  the 
State   Board  of   Dental   Examiners. 

*  * 

On  April  2  there  was  a  midnight 
movie  exhibition  at  the  Auditorium  in 
Chicago,  showing  the  development  of 
life  from  its  earliest  stages  in  embryo 
until  death,  given  by  Health  Commis- 
sioner John  Dill  Robertson  to  6800 
graduates  of  the  Oiicago  Home  Train- 
ing  School   for   Nurses. 

*  * 

The  First  Union  Congregational 
Ckurch,  Quincy,  III.,  used  as  its  Christ- 
mas piciure  the  five  reeler  "Young 
Mother  Hubbard"  featuring  Mary 
McAllister,  and  as  its  New  Year  pic- 
ture "Satan's  Scheme." 

*  * 

"Joseph,  the  Hoover  of  Egynt",  was 
given  iit  the  First  Congregational 
Church,  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  by  Rev.  Dr. 
J.  T.  Jones  in  connection  with  a 
pulpit  tallf  on  the  subject. 

*  * 

The  Trinity  M.  E.  Church,  Des 
Moines,  Iowa,  is  showing  movies  reg- 
ularly every  Sunday  niglit  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  sermon. 

*  * 

"Shore  Acres"  was  the  film  recently 
screened  at  the  Lincoln  School,  Evans- 
ton.  III. 

*  * 

Tlie  boys  of  St.  Rugen's  Sunday 
School,  Central  Presbyterian  Church, 
Joliet,  III.,  recently  .saw  in  the  church 
auditorium  "The  Flight  of  the  NC-4". 
"The  Royal  Pauper",  and  a  comedy 
"Bells  and    Belles". 


.Agriculture,  history.  and  other 
;ch{j(>l  subjects  are  being  shown  on  the 
motion  picture  screen  at  Seaman 
Rural  High  School,  Topeka,  Kans.  En- 
tertainment films  are  shown  once  a 
week  for  the  community.  "Graustark" 
was    recently   screened. 

*  * 

The  Christian  Church  at  Latham, 
111.,  had  movies  on  a  recent  Wednes- 
day evening,  brought  there  by  the 
Y.  .M.  C.  A.  secretary  of  Decatur,   III. 

*  * 

The  beautiful  William  Fox  produc- 
tion of  "Evangeline",  based  upon 
Longfellow's  poem,  was  greatly  en- 
joyed at  the  Vermont  M.  E.  Qiurch, 
Quincy,    III. 

*  * 

"Slidertown",  a  clean-up  movie,  wjis 
shown  in  tlte  Auditorium,  Atlanta, 
Ga..  in  Jantiary  in  connection  with 
the  Cleaner  Atlanta  movement. 

*  * 

"Fires  of  Youth"  was  the  feature 
,^t  the  community  exercises  in  the 
First   Baptist  Church,   Janesville,  Wis. 


Motion  pictures  suitable  for  grade 
children  are  planned  by  Superintend- 
ent of  Schools  Gwinn  of  New  Orleans, 
La.  He  has  asked  the  board  of  ed- 
ucation to  appropriate  funds  for 
machines  and  films. 

*  * 

"Joan  of  Arc"  in  two  reels  was 
.'screened  on  a  recent  Monday  morn- 
ing in  the  Mason  City,  Iowa.  High 
School.  A  new  gold  fiber  screen  was 
used. 

*  * 

Riley's  "Hoosier  Romance"  was 
part  of  the  community  movie  program 
at  the  Baptist  Church,   Janesville,  Wis. 

*  * 

At  the  First  Congregational  Church. 
Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  Rev.  Dr.  J.  Twyson 
Jones  delivered  a  sermonette  on  ."The 
Triumphant  Life,"  using  a  film  with 
the  same  title. 


"Wanted  a  Brother"  was  screened 
at  the  Main  Street  Christian  Church, 
DuQuoin,  III. 


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30 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


"King  Arthur  and  His  Magician" 
wa8  one  of  the  health  crusade  pictures 
shown  at  local  theaters  in  CentraUa, 
111.,  during   the  week  of  March  14. 

*  * 

"The  End  of  the  Road,"  venereal 
disease  and  tuberculosis  films  were 
features  of  "Health  Week"  in  Schen- 
ectady, N.   Y. 


William  L.  Finley,  of  Portland. 
Ore.,  who  with  his  wife  Irene  has 
made  remarkable  bird  studies  for  the 
Picto^raph,  was  in  Santa  Barbara. 
Cal.,  recently  showing  his  films  at  the 
Recreation  Center  in   that  city. 


"Some  Wild  Oats,"  a  venereal  dis- 
e;ise  photoplay,  is  being  used  by  the 
health  authorities  of  Illinois  in  a 
state-wide  campaign.  Governor  Small 
and  Mayor  Thompson  of  Chicago  have 
been  filmed  in  connection  with  the 
showings. 

•  * 

Prizma  natural  color  pictures  of  the 
national  parks  were  shown  in  Evans- 
ton.  III.,  recently  by  the  lecturer 
i-.iurence  D.   Kitchell. 


Programs  recently  on  view  in  the 
high  school  of  Joplin,  Mo.,  included 
"Vanity  Fair,"  Pathe  Review.  Mutt 
and  Jeff  cartoons.  "The  Princess's 
Necklace"  and  informational  reels.  The 
I>erfonnances  were  given  Friday  eve- 
ning and  Saturday  afternoon.  School 
orchestras  furnished  the  music. 


A  modern  fireproof  booth  costing 
S2300  has  been  constructed  in  the 
Howard  High  School,  Chattanooga, 
Tenn..  and  similar  booths  will  be  placed 
in  other  new  school  buildings,  accord- 
ing to  Commissioner  Fred  B.  Frazier 
who  will  jisk  the  school  board  to  pro- 
vide funds  for  regular  use  of  films  in 
local  institutions. 


"Childhood  of  Mooseheart"  depicts 
the  child  welfare  work  of  the  Loyal 
Order  of  Moose,  and  the  film  is  in 
great  demand  by  members  of  the 
order.  It  is  being  shown  throughout 
the  middle  western  states. 


Motion  pictures  illustrating  diag- 
nosis and  treatment  of  various  dis- 
ea.ses  were  n  feature  of  the  recent 
meeting  of  the  Medical  Society  of  Vir- 
ginia in  Petersburg,  Va. 


A  number  of  forestry  fllnu  of  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agricul- 
ture ha\'e  been  used  succe.'fsfully  by 
the  Oregon  Agricultural  College  and 
the  County  Teachers'  Institute,  Walla 
Walla.  Wash. 


From  the  proceeds  of  the  high 
school  lecture  course  Superintendent 
of  Schools  Charles  L.  Poor,  of  Tra- 
verse Mich.,  expects  to  equip  all 
schools  of  the  city  with  portable  pro- 
jectors, 

«  • 

Rev.  Edwin  S.  Carr.  pastor  of 
Averyville  Congregational  Church, 
Peoria,  III.,  uses  movies  on  Sunday 
nights  in  connection  with  church  ser- 
vices. 

•  * 

Recent  features  at  community  movie 
shows  at  South  Berkeley  Community 
Church.  Berkeley.  Cal..  were  Wallace 
Reid  in  "The  Roaring  Road,"  Mar- 
guerite Clark  in  "All  -  of  -  a  -  Sudden 
I'eKgy."  Charles  Ray  in  "Crooked 
Straight."  "The  Good  Samaritan"  was 
seen  at  the  church  Sunday  evening. 
Rev.  Norman  Pendleton  is  pastor. 


A  film  picturing  the  injurious 
effects  of  tobacco  on  the  human  body, 
made  by  the  Battle  Creek  Sanitarium, 
was  shown  •■'^;ently  at  Community 
Hall,  Dublin,  Ga. 


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31 


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32 


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ROBERTSON-COLE 

ScKools,  CKurcKes,  Secular  Societies  ana 
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CANNIBALS  OF  THE  SOUTH  SEAS  (in  5  Reels) 
CAPTURED  BY  CANNIBALS  (in  5  Reds) 

Filmed    by    Martin    Johnson,    Famous    Explorer,    First    to     Photograph     the    Savages    of    the     Pacific 

Incomparable  for  Educational  Values 

MARTIN  JOHNSON'S   "On  the  Borderland  of  Civilization" 
One  Reel  Subjects — They  Tell  the  Story  of  the  South  Seas  in  Picture* 

THE  BRENTWOOD  SERIES 

Each  a  Clean,  Wholesome,  Entertaining  Story  in  Five  Reels 

"THE  BOTTOM  OF  THE  WORLD" 

Sir  Ernest  Shaickleton's  thrilling  attempt  to  cross  the  South  Pole 

13  ONE  REEL  ADVENTURE  SCENICS 

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mbllshed  Monthly  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  81  W.  «nd  Street,  New  York  City.      (Address  all  communications  to  N.  Y.  Qty  offices.)      DOLPH  EASTMAN, 
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^ol.  V. 


MAY,  1921 


No.  5 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


;ditorial 3 

Film    Production    and    Distribution    Exclusively   for   Non- 
Theatrical   Uses 

TEW  ORGANIZATION  FOR  CLASSROOM  FILMS 4 

OLLEXiES  OFFER  VISUAL  INSTRUCTION  COURSES 4 

ENEREAL  DISEASE  FILM  CAMPAIGN  IN  N.  CAROLINA.     5 

NDIANA  INDORSERS  OF  PHOTOPLAYS 6 

T.  LOUIS  SCHOOLS  OWN  FILM  LIBRARY 8 

EDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH  IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 8 

Edited  by  Maximilian  P.  E.  Graszmann,  Ph.D. 

rATURAL   HISTORY    DRAMATIZED 10 

By  Winthrop  Packard 

SHOOTING"  MOUNTAIN  LIONS  WITH  MOVIE  CAMERA...  10 

THE  BUMBLE  BEE" 11 

IllKStrated 

rEW  FILMS  PROMOTE  RECREATIONAL  MOVEMENT 12 

By  Harold  Forrest  Hamiil — Illustrated 

THE  LIVING  WORLD" 13 

By  Mabel  G.   Foster 


"THE  OLD   SWIMMIN'   HOLE" 14 

By  Frank  L.  Shellabarger — Illustrated 

FILM  LESSONS  ON  CITIZENSHIP  BUILDING 15 

HOW  I  MAKE  GOOD  WITH  MOVIES  IN  MY  CHURCH 16 

By  Rev.  Frederick  H.  von  der  Sump 

"THE    FAITH    HEALER" 17 

By  Glen  Visscher — Illustrated 

SUGGESTED    PROGRAMS 18 

INDUSTRIAL    DEPARTMENT 19 

Edited  by  Leona  Block 

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'THE  SPICE  OF  THE  PROGRAM" 


Motion  Pictures  of 


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Colleges,  schools,  and  churches  will  fin 
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COVERING  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS: 

Aariculturt  Ct/mmunity  Oeography  Health   and  Sanitation     Religion  Scenic 

Biography  Current  Events       History  Industry  Pedagogy  Science 

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Published  Monthly  at  White  Plains,  N.   Y.,  and  S3  West  4ISnd  Street  (Aeolian  Hall),  New  York  City 

DOLPH    EASTMAN,   Editor  and  Publisher 


Travel 

Welfare 

Womtn 


>Vol.  V. 


MAY,  1921 


No.  5 


FILM  PRODUCTION  AND  DISTRIBUTION  EXCLUSIVELY  FOR  NON-THEATRICAL  USES 

often  repeated  rather  than  large  profits  seldom  repeated. 


c 


ONTINUING  the  argument  advanced  last  month  to 
the  effect  that  non-theatrical  film  exhibitors  must 
be  satisfied  with  inadequate  service  from  existing 
theatrical  exchanges,  let  us  examine  into  the  feasi- 
ibility  of  producing  and  distributing  films  especially  and 
jexclusively  to  meet  the  needs  of  non-theatrical  users.  That 
the  scheme  is  practicable  and  can  be  made  commercially 
profitable  is  shown  by  the  report  that  one  organization  of 
country-wide  non-theatrical  exchanges  is  being  planned; 
another  concern,  capitalized  at  millions,  may  engage 
in  non-theatrical  production  and  probably  distribution  on 
a  huge  scale;  still  another  plan  in  embryo  consists  of  a 
circuit  of  industrial-educational  picture  theaters  with  ten- 
cent  admissions.  These  are  indicia  pointing  the  trend  of 
the  times  in  the  world  of  motion  pictures. 

S"  1" 
Those  who  have  studied  the  problem  at  close  range  be- 
lieve that  the  day  is  not  far  distant  when  we  can  no  longer 
depend  on  the  theatrical  market  for  supply  of  suitable 
film  subjects  but  must  of  necessity  create  and  organize 
new  sources  of  supply  entirely  independent  of  the  theatri- 
cal. This  belief  is  shared  by  those  who  are  promoting 
the  new  enterprises  mentioned.  It  will  be  increasingly 
recognized  and  brought  into  realization  as  the  field 
broadens  and  the  urge  for  proper  pictures  becomes  ever 
more  insistent. 

Are  these  hard-headed  business  men  mistaken  as  to  the 
commercial  possibilities  of  the  non-theatrical  market? 
Hardly.  They  are  men  of  film  vision  and  sagacity  and 
they  visualize  that  great  day  when  the  motion  picture  will 
be  an  integral  and  indispensable  part  of  school  life,  church 
life,  club  life,  industrial  life,  organization  life,  community 
life  in  general.  These  men  are  willing  to  forego  imme- 
diate profits  in  the  hope  of  building  up  nation-wide 
service  organizations  which  will  produce  and  distribute 
films  and  slides  for  the  non-theatrical  market — a  market 
which  in  time  will  become  infinitely  greater  than  the 
theatrical  and  will  be  built  up  on  the  basis  of  small  profits 


The  man,  however,  who  ventures  into  the  non-theatrical 
field  as  a  film  speculator  on  the  chance  of  "cleaning  up 
quickly  and  making  a  quick  get-away"  is  doomed  to  failure 
from  the  start.  Unlike  the  amusement  business,  the  non- 
theatrical  picture  business  will  never  be  one  in  which  to 
make  over-night  fortunes — or  lose  all.  Its  profits  will  be 
sure  and  in  the  aggregate  enormous,  but  they  will  be  of 
slow  and  steady  growth. 

All  non-theatrical  exhibitors  will  heartily  welcome  the 
business  man  who  comes  to  them  bearing  such  rich,  rare 
fruits  from  the  cinematographic  orchard.  The  experiences 
of  these  exhibitors  with  theatrical  exchanges  have  not  in 
the  main  been  happy  ones.  Our  last  month's  editorial 
stated  the  reasons.  A  change  for  the  better  must  soon 
come. 

But  before  actual  production  and  distribution  of  non- 
theatrical  films  occur  there  will  be  a  gap  which  may  well 
be  filled  by  the  type  of  organization  which  carefully  culls 
from  existing  prints;  edits,  cuts,  re-scenes,  and  re-titles 
them;  and  offers  them  virtually  as  new  subjects  fit  for 
non-theatrical  uses.  Such  a  service  is  needed  now,  and  it 
will  prove  a  valuable  intermediate  link  between  the  present 
inadequate,  grudgingly-given  theatrical  exchange  service 
and  the  coming  non-theatrical  producing  and  distributing 
service  which  will  be  precisely  what  the  educational,  in- 
dustrial, and  institutional  exhibitor  today  searches  for  in 
vain. 

Another  development  which  it  seems  to  us  is  certain  to 
come — haltingly,  it  may  be,  because  of  lack  of  funds,  but 
come  it  will- — is  the  building  up  of  film  libraries,  institu- 
tion-owned or  community-owned,  from  which  schools, 
churches,  clubs,  industrial  plants  and  other  local  exhibitors 
will  draw  their  screen  subjects  as  they  require  them  and 
at  moderate  cost.  They  will  be  circulating  film  libraries 
(Continued  at  bottom  of  page  4) 


NEW  ORGANIZATION  FOR  CLASSROOM  FILMS 

National   Alliance   of    Pedagogical    Cinematography    Founded    by 

Dr.  Alfred  H.  Saunders  to  Promote  the  General  Use 

of   Instructional   Motion   Pictures 

DR.  ALFRED  H.  SAUNDERS,  founder  and  former  editor  of 
the  two  trade  journals  Moving  Picture  World  and  Motion 
Picture  News  and  a  pioneer  writer  and  worker  for  educa- 
tional films,  has  launched  a  new  enterprise  which  is  to  be  in- 
corporated under  the  name  of  National  Alliance  of  Pedagogical 
Cinematography,  Inc.  Its  principal  objects  are  stated  as  fol- 
lows: 

Fdut: — To  bring  together  for  the  furtherance  of  instruction  by  the 
aid  of  pedagogical  cinematography  all  educators,  students  and  others 
interested  in  visual  education. 

Second: — To  further  in  all  ways  the  advance  of  educational  methods 
through  pedagogical  cinematograpliy. 

Third: — To  assist  all  universititis,  colleges,  schools,  lecturers,  and 
teachers  in  procuring  pedagogical  films  adapted  to  their  needs. 

Foohth: — To  assist  in  the  manufacture,  cause  to  be  made,  deal  in 
and  procure  pedagogical  and  educational  pictures  of  all  kinds. 

Fifth: — To  appeal  to  all  who  are  in  sympathy  with  the  objects  and 
aims  of  the  alliance  to  donate  the  sum  of  one  dollar  or  more  to  a  fund 
to  be  used  to  promote  the  use  of  pedagogical  cinematography,  to  ex- 
tend the  use  of  the  same  for  educational  purposes  in  schools,  colleges 
and  universities  and  the  general  objects  of  the  alliance. 

Sixth: — To  cause  this  fund  to  be  held  and  expended  by  the  trustees 
of  the  alliance  in  furtherance  of  the  aims  and  objects  of  tlie  Alliance. 

Seventh: — To  have  an  advisory  council  composed  of  well  known 
men  and  women  interested  in  the  development  and  use  of  pedagogical 
cinematography. 

Eighth: — To  have  a  board  of  technical  and  expert  advisors. 

Ninth: — To  cause  all  profits  mane  b)  the  alliance  from  the  sale  of 
pedagogical  films,  etc.,  to  be  added  to  the  fund  and  to  be  utilized  for 
the  furtherance  of  the  aims  and  objects  of  the  alliance  and  in  especial 
to  assisting  schools  in  the  poorer  communities  to  procure  projecting 
machines  and  petlagogical  pictures. 

The  prospectus  states  that  a  fund  is  to  be  raised  by  popular 
subscription,  "to  be  devoled  to  the  manufacLure,  purchase,  and 
distribution  of  pedagogical  subjecis  of  the  most  approved  kind, 
properly  produced  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  educator  and  the 
student."  It  is  proposed  out  of  the  profits  to  donate  projectors 
and  films  to  rural  schools  which  cannot  afford  to  purchase  equip- 
ment. 

« 

Experts  will  be  engaged  to  prepare  special  subjects  and  direct 
cameramen,  according  to  the  announcement.  The  alliance  will 
utilize  existing  studios,  laboratories,  and  exchanges  and  will  co- 
operate with  those  engaged  in  the  production  of  educational  films. 
It  may  also  purchase  from  olher  organizations  such  prints  and 
negatives  as  seem  desirable. 

The  activities  of  the  alliance  are  to  be  directed  by  Dr.  Saund- 
ers, with  the  approval  of  the  trustees.  In  the  event  that  insufficient 
funds  are  subscribed  the  project  will  be  abandoned  and  all 
moneys  will  be  returned  to  the  donors. 

The  plan  has  been  enthusiastially  received  by  the  compara- 
tively few  to  whom  it  has  been  presented  and  Dr.  Saunders  feels 
encouraged  at  the  outlook.  Later  developments  will  be  reported 
from  time  to  time  in  Educational  Film  Magazine. 


VISUAL  INSTRUCTION  COURSE  IN  CLEVELAND 
'T'HE  Cleveland  School  of  Education  and  Western  Reser^ 
University  announced  a  course  in  visual  instruction  in  cooj 
eration  with  the  Cleveland  Museum  of  Natural  History,  from  Jur 
20  to  July  29,  1921.  It  will  provide  a  clearing  house  for  tl 
principles  and  methods  of  visual  instruction  and  their  adaptatic 
to  school  use.  The  course  will  comprise  lectures,  reports,  di 
cussions,  study  and  criticism  of  exhibits,  experience  in  preparin 
and  using  exhibits,  visits  to  industrial  plants,  etc. 

Motion  pictures,  lantern  slides,  still  pictures  and  photograph 
museum  exhibits,  inspection  trips  and  field  excursions  will  fori 
the  mani  subjects  of  the  course.  The  class  will  meet  one  hot, 
daily.  Two  semester  hours  credit  will  be  given  those  satisfa* 
torily  completing  the  course.  The  tuition  fee  will  be  $7.50.  Regi 
lar  registration  for  the  course  will  take  place  in  the  Wester 
Reserve  Gymnasium,  Adelbert  College  Campus,  Cleveland,  Ohi( 
on  Monday,  June  20. 

The  staff  of  instructors  consists  of  Paul  M.  Rea,  director  c 
the  Cleveland  Museum  of  Natural  History;  William  M.  Gregori 
director  of  the  Educational  Museum  of  the  Cleveland  Publi 
Schools  and  professor  of  geography  at  the  Cleveland  School  c 
Education;  William  E.  Krieger,  assistant  at  the  Educationt 
Museum;  and  special  lecturers. 


I 


SUMMER  COURSES  IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 

'  I  ^0  meet  the  needs  of  school  men  who  are  adopting  motio 
pictures  in  their  schools,  the  University  of  Oklahoma  is  t 
be  one  of  ten  colleges  in  ihe  United ,  States  to  offer  courses  i: 
visual  education  during  the  1921  summer  school  session,  ar 
nounces  Prof.  J.  W.  Shepherd,  director  of  visual  education  a 
the  university.  He  plans  to  give  two  courses:  one  dealing  witi 
the  presentation  of  motion  pictures  and  iheir  value  in  educatioi 
in  a  general  way;  the  o  her  taking  up  the  particular  problem 
involved  in  projection,  operation  of  machines,  handling  films  am 
everything  pertaining  to  the  mechanical  end  of  it. 

Reports  received  by  the  department  from  oyer  the  state  indicat 
that  Oklahoma  schools  are  recognizing  visual  education  as  ai 
important  issue,  and  that  the  problem  of  instructing  by  motioi 
pictures  in  the  schools  is  being  taken  up  by  various  organization 
in  different  towns.  In  some  places  patrons'  clubs  are  providin; 
the  machine  and  equipment  for  the  schools;  in  others,  civic  club 
are  supplying  them;  in  some  instances  superintendents  are  borj 
rowing  money  from  local  banks,  to  be  paid  back  with  the  profit' 
from  the  shows.     In  other  cases  school  boards   are  purcliasin; 

machines  and  equipment  outright  as  a  part  of  the  school  supplie;^ 

mi      ■> 

PATHE  FILMS  OREGON  COLLEGE 

'T'HE  $1,000,000  equipment  and  the  five  units  of  the  militar; 

department   of   the   Oregon   Agricultural    College,   Corvallis 

Oregon,  have  been   filmed  and  shown   over   the   United  States 


FILM  PRODUCTKJN  AND  DISTRIBUTION   EXCLUSIVELY  FOR  NON-THEATRICAL   USES 


in  the  same  sense  as  circulating  book  libraries. 

The  rental  plan  we  shall  probably  always  have;  but 
more  and  more,  it  seems  to  us,  the  proposition  of  local 
film  libraries  locally  owned,  operated,  and  managed  will 
take  hold  as  public  interest  in  the  plan  is  aroused  and 
official  appropriations  become  sufficient  to  provide  for  such 
activities.  This  is  undoubtedly  the  ideal  solution  of  the 
problem  and  one  not  impossible  of  fulfilment  on  a  vast 
national  scale.    With  the  likelihood  of  the  establishment 


of  a  Department  of  Public  Welfare  at  Washington  ant 
of  federal  appropriations  for  visual  education  available 
to  the  states  and  through  them  to  local  communities,  th( 
financing  of  local  film  libraries  will  not  be  difficult 
Public-spirited  citizens  too  in  many  communities  will  co 
operate  and  donate  funds  for  this  purpose,  and  evei 
sluggish  official  boards  may  be  stirred  into  action  ant 
render  financial  aid. 


VENEREAL  DISEASE  FILM  CAMPAIGN  IN  NORTH  CAROLINA  RURAL  COMMUNITIES 


THE  North  Carolina  State  Board  of  Health  is  developing 
a  method  for  the  systematic  use  of  motion  pictures  in  its 
campaign  against  venereal  disease.     The  plan  is  to  cover 
the  state,  a  county  at  a  time,  by  means  of  a  traveling  mo- 
tion picture  show  carried  on  an  auto  truck  which  will  visit  every 
community  in  each  county  and  give  everybody  an  opportunity  to 
see  the  pictures,  hear  the  lectures,  and  take  home  some  educa- 
tional   literature   dealing   with    venereal    diseases.      An    advance 
agent  traveling  by  automobile  makes  all  arrangements  for  show- 
,  ing  the  film  and  advertising  the  meetings.     A  lecturer  addresses 
!  the  audiences  and  explains  the  films.     The  meetings  for  colored 
1  people  are   addressed  by   a   colored   physician.     The   sexes   are 
;  segregated,  meetings  for  women  being  held  in  the  afternoon  and 

!for  men  at  night. 
In  a  four  months'  experiment  conducted  last  fall  five  counties 
'with  a  total  population  of  171.992  were  visited.   The  attendance 
'  totaled  53,569  people,  or  31  per  cent  of  the  entire  population.  AS 
the  exhibitions  were  given  for  adults  only,  this  means  an  attend- 
,  ance  of  more  than  half  the  adult  population  which  is  considered 
,a  very  good  showing.     The  experiment  last  year  was  carried  on 
>as  a  cooperative  enterprise  participated  in  by  the  United  States 
.Public  Health  Service  and  the  American  Social   Hygiene  Asso- 
ciation, as  well   as  the  North  Carolina  State  Board   of  Health. 
;The  results  were  so  satisfactory  that  the  State  Board  of  Health 
now  wishes  to  continue  the  work  systematically  throughout  the 
entire  state. 

Motion  Picture  Equipment  Employed 


The  use  of  an  arc  light  in  a  regular  standard  size  motion  pic 


More  Than  Half  the  Adult  Population  of  Five  Counties  Were 
Reached   Last  Fall — Present  Plans  and  Equipment 

ture  machine  is  considered  essential  for  the  success  of  such  an 
undertaking.  Accordingly,  efforts  are  now  being  made  to  develop 
a  unit  in  which  a  four  or  five  kilowatt  110- volt  electric  generator 
will  be  connected  directly  to  the  auto  truck  engine  so  as  to  be 
operated  by  the  same  engine  that  runs  the  car.  This  will  elim- 
inate the  weight  of  an  extra  engine.  By  taking  the  current  for 
the  arc  directly  from  the  generator  the  expensive  and  heavy 
storage  batteries  may  also  be  omitted.  By  using  a  three-quarter- 
ton  truck  it  is  believed  that  the  entire  weight  of  truck  and  load 
can  be  kept  under  two  and  a  half  tons.  Such  an  outfit  is  designed 
to  travel  on  any  kind  of  roads  at  all  times  of  the  year. 

In  addition  to  the  main  equipment,  it  is  proposed  to  carry  a 
small  portable  motion  picture  machine  for  use  in  demonstrating 
before  committees  or  for  showing  pictures  to  small  optiences. 
By  carrying  storage  batteries  and  a  series  of  lamps  this  outfit 
can  be  used  on  a  110- volt  current,  a  32-volt  current  from  a  home 
electric  plant,  or  a  current  derived  from  storage  batteries.  The 
motion  picture  machine  and  storage  batteries  that  will  provide 
current  for  two  or  three  shows  without  recharging  will  weigh 
not  over  100  pounds.  The  adaptability  of  such  an  outfit  is  at 
once  apparent. 

The  films  to  be  used  in  this  campaign  are  the  excellent  ones 
prepared  by  the  American  Social  Hygiene  Association.  A  special 
addition  to  the  regular  lecture  films  has  been  prepared  in  the 
way  of  an  extra  reel  devoted  to  the  subject  of  treatment.  The 
purpose  'of  this  additional  film  is  to  show  the  public  that  treat- 
ment requires  special  procedures  both  for  diagnosis  and  the 
administration  of  the  necessary  remedies,  that  no  one  but  a  skilled 
physician  can  carry  out  these  procedures,  and  that  the  judgment 
of  a  physician  is  the  only  safe  guide  in  both  diagnosis  and  treat- 
ment of  venereal  diseases. 


HOW  ONE  STATE  HANDLES  RURAL  MOVIES 

liNorth  Carolina   Sets  an  Example  for  Other  Educational  Depart- 
i      ments  in  Utilizing  Motion  Pictures  for  Educational  Purposes 

THE  Department  of  Education  of  the  Division  of  School  Ex- 
tension of  North  Carolina  is  doing  some  interesting  work  in 
sending  motion  pictures  into  the  out-of-the-way  communities 
of  the  state.  They  decided  just  because  a  rural  community  did 
not  have  electric  lights  and  the  schools  were  not  equipped  with 
projection  machines  was  no  reason  why  they  should  be  deprived 
of  the  great  educational  advantages  of  motion  pictures. 

After  a  number  of  experiments  it  was  decided  if  the  people 
30uld  not  come  to  see  the  pictures  the  department  of  education 
would  take  the  pictures  to  the  people.  So  they  gathered  together 
ill  the  equipment  necessary,  set  it  up  on  an  automobile  truck, 
•and  purchased  a  supply  of  films. 

,    Everything    for    a    theater,    except    the    seats,    was    provided. 

(Counted  on  a  three-quarter  ton  Dodge  truck  with  a  panel  body 

'<ras  a  Zenith  projector  equipped  with  Mazda  projector  lamp  and 

pherical    mirror   reflector,    a    Delco-light    plant    for    generating 

■lectrical  current  with  extension  cord,  and  a  supply  of  films  in 

netal  cases.     After  about  six  months  of  experiment  the  depart- 

nent  officially  adopted  this  type  of  projector,  as  it  is  equipped 

'ith  a  Universal  motor,  high  or  low  voltage,  and  can  be  used 

rom  the  truck  or  operated  in  the  schoolrooms  if  they  have  elec- 

rical  current. 

This  truck  thus  equipped  visits  every  community  center  twice 

month  and  gives  them  a  program  of  pictures  consisting  of  six 

eels,  two  of  which  treat  of  dramatic  or  historical  subjects,  two 


of  purely  educational  value,  and  two  of  good,  clean  comedy. 

A  librarian  has  charge  ^of  the  films  and  directs  their  circula- 
tion, purchases  new  films,  and  keeps  always  on  the  lookout  for 
new  subjects,  especially  educational. 

The  department  has  found  the  films  of  the  Ford  Educational 
Weekly  and  the  Ford  Educational  Library  useful  in  its  educa- 
tional work.  The  department  has  purchased  fifty  of  the  Ford 
Weeklies  outright  so  they  can  have  them  for  constant  circulation, 
and  are  using  the  new  subjects  of  the  Ford  Library  as  they  come 
out. 

The  extent  of  the  service  of  the  North  Carolina  state  depart- 
ment of  education  may  be  realized  from  the  fact  that  this  depart- 
ment has  twenty  county  units  going  full  time,  holding  400  com- 
munity meetings  each  month,  with  a  monthly  attendance  of  45,000 
people.  This  is  an  eloquent  testimonial  to  the  popularity  of  the 
new  work  when  it  is  remembered  that  the  first  circuit  was  estab- 
lished in  December  1917. 

METALINE,  WASH.,  CAVES  FILMED 

"V^OTION  pictures  of  the  remarkable  cave  formations  at  Meta- 
line.  Wash.,  taken  on  the  occasion  of  the  visit  of  Governor 
Hart  there  to  accept  the  land  on  behalf  of  the  state,  were  a 
feature  at  the  sportsmen's  and  tourists  fair  held  in  Spokane, 
beginning  April  14. 

These  caves,  declared  to  be  the  only  formations  of  the  kind 
in  the  northwest,  are  said  to  be  little  known  to  residents  of  the 
state,  and  it  is  believed  the  films  will  induce  citizens  to  support 
a  plan  to  improve  them  as  a  big  attraction  for  tourists. 


INDIANA  INDORSERS  OF  PHOTOPLAYS 


A  Practical  and  Successful   Experiment  in   Motion  Picture 

Regulation — A   Movement  Worthy  of  Emulation 

by  Other  Communities 


ORGANIZED  in  1915  for  the  selection  and  promotion  of 
good  motion  pictures,  the  Indiana  Indorsers  of  Photo- 
plays have  become  a  notable  and  constructive  i)ower  in 
the  community  life  of  that  state.  The  spirit  of  friendly 
cooperation,  backed  by  disinterested  effort  unstintingly  rendered, 
has  been  the  keynote  of  this  enterprise  the  practicability  of  which 
is  proven  by  its  great  success. 

The  beginnings  of  the  organization  were  very  simple.  A  few 
children's  matinees  were  arranged,  at  first  in  downtown  theaters 
of  Indianapolis,  then  in  neighborhood  houses,  by  means  of  which 
an  entente  cordiale  was  established  with  local  exhibitors.  Gradu- 
ally, through  the  cooperation  of  women's  clubs  and  parent- 
teachers  associations,  there  developed  an  informal  supervision 
over  these  neighborhood  houses  so  largely  patronized  by  children. 
This  included  not  only  reviewing  the  pictures  shown,  but  also 
looking  after  the  moral  and  sanitary  conditions  existent  in  the 
various  tJieaters. 

"This  was  not  easy,  but  slow,  persistent  work,"  writes  Mrs.  David 
Ross,  president  of  the  organization.  "We  had  to  demonstrate 
to  the  school  commissioners  our  sincerity  and  our  ability  to  be 
just  in  our  opinions." 

The  success  of  these  endeavors  is  proved  by  the  fact  that  after 
a  two  years'  testing,  the  board  was  permitted  to  announce  ap- 
proved pictures  in  the  official  high  school  paper  circulating 
through  seventy-seven  public  schools  of  Indianapolis.  The  mayor, 
moreover,  appointed  twelve  members  of  the  board  a  commission 
to  inspect  shows  reported  immoral. 

Today  the  movement  has  spread  throughout  the  state  of  In- 
diana, and  the  Board  of  Indorsers  is  a  branch  of  the  State  Federa- 


"CHALK  TALKS  "  ON  GEOGRAPHY 

Unique   and    Pedagogically    Valuable   Films   of   President   Atwood 

of  Clark  University 

THESE  Chalk  Talks  are  a  feature  of  the  geographic  films 
being  released  by  the  Society  for  Visual  Education.  Dr. 
Wallace  Atwood  was  for  years  connected  with  the  United 
States  Geological  Survey  and  is  the  author  of  several  geographic 
texts.  Before  his  appointment  to  the  presidency  of  Clark  Uni- 
versity he  occupied  professorial  positions  at  Harvard  and  the 
University  of  Chicago.  He  therefore  brings  to  this  work  upon 
the  screen  that  high  degree  of  erudition  and  remarkable  skill  in 
blackboard  work,  which  had  long  crowded  his  classes' with  geog- 
raphy teachers  and  students  from  all  over  the  country.  The 
scope  of  Dr.  Atwood's  work  is  now  broadened  by  his  entrance 
into  the  field  of  screen -teaching. 

In  the  films  he  is  seen  using  both  hands  with  equal  skill  and 
visualizing  lessons  in  physiography.  As  quickly  as  he  makes 
a  point  by  means  of  diagrams  and  thumb-nail  studies,  motion 
pictures  show  exactly  how  that  particular  formation  looks  in 
reality. 

The  origin  of  volcanoes,  geysers,  and  glaciers,  the  formation 
of  limestone  caves  and  coral  growths,  the  work  of  rivers,  and 
the  action  of  the  sea  upon  bold  and  low  shores  are  among  the 
subjects  Dr.  Atwood  has  already  filmed.  A  recently-released 
ti»ree-repl  film  on  the  Niagara  rp<;ion  is  a  characteristic  example 
of  the  unique  and  valuable  contribution  to  geographic  and 
physiographic  studies  which  this  series  of  pictures  offers.  Dr. 
Atwood's  chalk  talk  is  intersperserl  with  cinematographic  airplane 
views  of  rapids,  fails  and  whirlpool   photographed   by  Barnett 


tion  of  Women's  Clubs  and  affiliated  with  the  General  Federation^ 
Through  the  further  cooperation  of  the  clubs  and  parent-teachers 
associations  forty  county  chairmen  are  keeping  in  close  touch  with 
the  women  of  their  respective  counties  and  interesting  them  to 
demand  good  motion  pictures  in  local  theaters. 

Two  other  important  activities  of  the  board  consist  of  filling 
the  constantly-growing  demand  for  speakers  on  "Better  Films" 
and  the  publication  of  a  monthly  bulletin  of  good  film  releases. 
These  bulletins  are  sent  not  only  to  the  women  of  the  state  but 
to  public  libraries,  film  exchanges,  teachers'  colleges,  the  state 
university,  and  other  organizations.  The  films  listed  in  these 
bulletins  have  ail  been  viewed  by- experienced,  broad-minded  re- 
viewers who  receive  no  remuneration  for  their  services  and  who 
base  their  selection  on  the  cleanness  of  the  pictures,  their  enter- 
tainment and  instructional  qualities,  and  their  constructive  in- 
fluence upon  youth.  In  this  connection  the  board  has  accomplished 
a  valuable  service  in  prolonging  the  life  of  literary,  historic,  and 
generally-educational  films  of  high  merit  which  have  had  but 
slight  popularity  with  the  average  theater  audience. 

The  board  receives  no  money  from  anyone  connected  with  the 
motion  picture  industry.  Its  expenses  are  met  through  donations 
from  friends,  membership  dues,  and  a  small  amount  each  month 
from  the  war  chest. 

Naturally,  the  beheficial  results  of  this  movement  in  extent 
and  power  can  be  neither  tabulated  nor  estimated;  the  influence 
set  in  motion  is  as  limitless  as  time  itself.  The  inspiration  of  the 
work  will  find  response  among  men  and  women  all  over  the 
country  awakening  them  in  their  communities  and  states  to 
emulative  effort  of  an  equally  far-reaching  nature. 


W.  Harris,  and  gives  a  remarkably  unified  conception  of  the 
entire  region.  Other  films  of  equal  importance  and  interest  are 
in  prospect. 

^    w* 

S.  V.  E.  HEALTH  FILMS 

Dr.  Turner   of   Massachusetts   "Tech"   Supervises   "Getting 
Acquainted  with  Bacteria"  and  Waste  Disposal  Film 

"TJR.  C.  E.  TURNER  of  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Tech-j 

nology  has  supervised   the  production  of  a  biological   film; 

for  the  Society  for  Visual  Education  called  Getting  Acquainted 

with  Bacteria,  in  which  the  elementary  facts  of  bacteriology  arf 

simply  presented,  and  a  film  on  waste  disposal   in  cities  shown 

by  charts  and  motion  pictures. 

"Health   films,"  says   Dr.  Turner,   "if  they  are   to   be  useful. 

must  do  more  than  present  facts.     They  must  stimulate  action 

and  correct  wrong  habits  of  thinking  and  living.     The  stimulus 

does  not  end  with  the  picture,  for  in. the  grammar  school  program 

there  follows  the  strong  and  effective  personal  contact  with  oui 

grade  teachers.     Here,  as  elsewhere,  the  film  is  a  teaching  ai<i 

— not  a  substitute." 

»      f 
EDUCATIONAL  TO  RELEASE  2-REEL  DRAMAS 

'T'HK  n»'W  series  of  two-reel  dramas  bcinj?  produced  1)\-  William  Sclip 
■*-  formerly  orte  of  the  forcmo.st  prodiicer.s  of  pliotoiilays  and  sliorl 
siil)jects,  is  to  be  released  by  F.diicationnl  Film  Exclinn(fes,  Inc.  Th* 
stories  will  be  based  U|M)n  novels  by  Sir  GiH>ert  Parker,  E.  Phillips 
( )ppcnlieim,  Clinrles  Kirifi;,  .laine.s  Oliver  Ciirwood,  Uaiidnll  Pnrri.sh  anC 
other  flctionists  of  note.  .  No  player  will  be  starred  tmt  such  actori 
as  Lewis  Stone,  Wallace  Hecry,  Mary  Macl.arcn,  William  Desmond 
and  Ann  Forest  will  appear  in  these  niiniatiire  i)botoplays. 

Of  late  there  has  been  a  dtunund  in  l)otb  theatrical  and  non-theatric* 
(ield.s  for  two-reel  features  of  this  Itind,  and  they  will  be  welconi^ 
if  well  planned  anil  directed. 


ST.  LOUIS  SCHOOLS  OWN  FILM  LIBRARY 

1M|"0RE  than  $50,000  worth  of  educational  motion  picture  films 
is  now  available  for  use  in  the  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  public  schools 
in  connection  with  the  work  in  geography,  history  and  other 
subjects.  All  of  this  film  was  donated  by  various  industrial 
concerns.  A  wide  variety  of  subjects  is  covered,  such  as  the 
manufacture  of  clocks,  cordage,  pens,  Hawaiian  ukuleles,  shoes, 
paper,  pianos,  watches,  scenes  in  Alaska,  Yellowstone  Park, 
California,  Hawaiian  Islands,  and  various  cities  of  the  United 
States. 

Recently  the  Bureau  of  Commercial  Economics,  a  private  film 
distributing  concern,  donated  119  reels  of  film  to  the  schools. 
The  films  are  stored  at  the  Educational  Museum,  1606  South 
Eighteenth  Street,  St.  Louis.  From  there  they  are  distributed  to 
the  various  schools  on  requisition. 

C.  G.  Rathmann,  assistant  superintendent  of  schools,  made  the 
following  statement  for  this  magazine: 

"The  St.  Louis  public  schools  have  made  great  strides  in  the  use  of 
films  in  tlie  past  two  years.  About  60  per  cent,  of  the  schools  are  now 
equipped  with  their  own  motion  picture  machines,  and  the  Educational 
Museum  has  in  circulation  among  these  schools  a  library  of  240  films. 

"The  subject  matter  of  these  films  comprises  geography,  history, 
vocational  guidance,  industrial  information,  literature.  Red  Cross 
work,  and  miscellaneous  lines. 

"The  teachers  of  the  St.  Lx)uis  scliools  order  these  films  just  as  they 
order  any  other  visual  instruction  material  from  the  catalog  of  the 
Educational  Museum.  Each  fdni  is  permitted  to  remain  in  the  school 
for  a  week  at  a  time;  during  this  period  the  film  is  shown  in  several 
rooms. 

"In  this  way  some  53,850  pupils  have  been  reached  in  some  3,000 
film  showings,  in  the  past  ten  weeks.  During  this  same  period  some 
28,393  other  groups  of  visual  instruction  material  have  been  supplied 
to  the  St.  Louis  schools  by  tlie  museum." 

Bi        ill 

CHICAGO   PUPILS  VOTE   ON  NATURE   REEL 

TF  you  could  give  orders  to  a  motion  picture  studio  for  a  reel 
on  nature  study,  what  subject  would  you  have  filmed?" 
The  Society  for  Visual  Education  put  this  question  to  150 
seventh  and  eighth  grade  Chicago  children  recently  and  received 
a  wide  range  of  selections.  Ants  won  first  place,  being  chosen 
by  85  pupils.  This  preference  is  attributable  to  the  fact  that 
there  is  a  formicary  in  the  science  room  of  the  school  in  which 
the  children  have  been  deeply  interested.  Fish  came  next  with 
45  requests;  while  snakes  had  31.  Nearly  all  the  animals,  birds, 
and  insects  best  known  to  children  were  mentioned,  with  votes 
ranging  in  number  from  30  to  2.  In  most  cases  the  choices 
could  be  traced  to  the  influence  of  classroom  studies  or  of 
young  people's  magazines  and  papers. 

NEWARK  TEACHERS  FORM  VISUAL  EDUCATION  CLUB 
"pUBLIC  school  teachers  of  Newark,  N.  J.,  under  the  direction 

of  Assistant  Superintendent  A.  G.  Balcom,  have  formed  the 
Visual  Education  Club  of  the  Newark  Public  Schools.  The  pur- 
poses of  the  organization  are  stated  £is  follows: 

1 — To  promote  a  wise  use  of  visual  aids  such  as  maps,  charts,  graphs, 
pictures,  exhibits,  models,  stereographs,  slides  and  films. 

3 — To  recognize  that  these  are  not  substitutes  for  work,  but  that 
if  rightly  used,  they  will  stimulate  pupils  to  greater  efforts  because 
of  the  keen  interest  they  arouse. 

3 — To  test  the  results  of  these  aids  from  time  to  time  in  order  to 
determine  their  comparative  values. 

4 — To  study  the  question  of  equipment  for  visual  education. 

5 — To  encourage  the  individual  initiative  in  the  preparation  of  ma- 
terial for  visual  etlucation,  and  to  give  Instruction  leading  to  its  in- 
telligent use. 

6 — To  recognize  that  the  film  although  the  youngest  in  the  family  of 
visual  aids  is  likely  to  prove  the  most  effective  because  it  possesses 
the  quality  of  motion. 

MICHIGAN'S  "BOVINE  WHITE  PLAGUE"  FILM 

TO  portray  the  needs  of  tuberculosis  eradication  to  people 
throughout  the  state  both  from  a  public  health  and  economic 
standpoint  the   Michigan   Department  of  Animal   Industry 


has  purcdiased  an  educational  picture  dealing  with  this  subject, 
the  film  being  a  1921  release  of  the  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture. 

"Any  town  or  city  in  the  state,  local  farm  bureau,  or  grange 
desiring  to  exhibit  the  picture,"  declares  H.  H.  Halladay,  com- 
missioner of  animal  industry,  "will  be  sent  the  film  upon  request. 
It  is  the  single  educational  measure  Michigan  will  use  in  one  of 
the  most  important  disease  eradication  campaigns  the  country 
has  seen." 

Produced  from  scenarios  written  by  state  veterinarians,  the 
picture  is  said  to  deal  in  dramatic  manner  with  the  development 
of  the  "bovine  white  plague"  among  pure-bred  dairy  cattle  at 
Hill  Crest  Farm,  its  transmission  to  the  daughter  of  the  young 
farmer,  the  curbing  of  the  disease  by  placing  the  cattle  under 
state  and  federal  supervision,  and  finally  the  climax  of  a  "happy 
ending" — an  "accredited  herd,"  and  the  daughter's  recovery  after 
three  years  at  a  tuberculosis  sanatorium. 

Taken  from  actual  incidents  and  experience  gained  in  field 
work  the  original  manuscript  as  submitted  to  the  federal  depart- 
ment had  a  "sad  ending" — the  daughter  died. 

"Aside  from  this,"  says  Mr.  Halladay,  "the  picture  is  a  true 
story.  Its  great  advantage  is  that  it  shows  in  a  tangible  way  how 
the  people  can  reduce  by  25  per  cent  a  disease  which  causes 
more  than  3,000  deaths  yearly  in  Michigan." 

FARMERS  MARKETING  COURSES  IN  FILM 

OTATE  colleges  will  soon  be  offering  marketing  courses  to 
^^  farmers.  For  seven  years  the  Bureau  of  Markets  of  the  United 
States  Department  of  Agriculture  has  been  collecting  informa- 
tion upon  this  subject,  and  this  material  has  now  been  condensed 
so  that  it  may  be  taught  in  schools  and  colleges  along  with  the 
other  specialties  and  sciences  that  go  into  the  profession  of 
agriculture. 

The  Bureau  of  Markets  will  not  attempt  to  create  new  educa- 
tional agencies,  but  will  use  those  already  provided.  Schools  and 
colleges  will  be  given  an  opportunity  to  offer  marketing  courses 
to  their  students,  and  motion  pictures,  illustrated  lectures,  and 
pamphlets  will  carry  the  information  to  those  who  are  unable 
to  attend  regular  institutions. 

fit    w 

MOVIES  FOR  INDIAN  INSANE 
TNDIAN  inmates  of  the  Canton,  South  Dakota,  Hiawatha  Insane 

Asylum  are  being  given  a  new  form  of  recreation  evenings 
during  the  week,  a  motion  picture  machine  having  recently  been 
installed.  At  the  present  time  high  class  feature  films  are  shown 
once  each  week.  On  Sunday  nights,  until  a  permanent  employe 
at  the  institution  can  learn  to  operate  the  machine,  a  special 
operator  from  a  local  theater  is  employed. 

Formerly  the  mild  patients  of  the  institution  were  taken  to 
Mitchell,  S.  D.,  to  the  theater  on  certain  nights  every  month  in 
the  large  auto  bus  of  the  asylum. 

w   w 

EINSTEIN  THEORY  EXPLAINED  IN  MOVIES 
A  BERLIN  cablegram  of  recent  date  states  that  Germany  is 
producing  at  least  ofie  film  which  American  reformers  prob- 
ably will  admit  to  movie  theaters  without  censorship.  It  is  Prof. 
Nicolai's  cinema  demonstration  of  the  Einstein  theory  of  rela- 
tivity, with  a  scientific  scenario  prepared  by  a  group  of  scientists. 
Quite  lucidly  this  graphic  reel  explains  the  complex  reasoning 
of  Prof.  Einstein  for  the  enlightenment  of  the  average  lay  mind. 
There  are  many  animated  drawings  alternating  with  natural 
photographs  illustrating  the  complicated  movements  of  the 
planets. 


iitiiiiinimnwiiiiiiii 


PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 


IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


I 


Edited  by  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Ph.  D. 

Educational    Director   of   the   National    Association    for   the   Study   and 
Education  of   Exceptional   Children 


AT  the  meeting  of  the  Research  Committee  on  March  10, 
Dr.  Galloway  submitted,  the  following  outline  of  neces- 
sary work: 
SiKKJEsnoNS  As  TO  Research  ppon   the  Question  of  the  Specific 
Effbcts  op  the  MoviJfo  Picture  upon  Children 

1.  Tkt  necusity  of  devising  actually  critical  ex'perimtnli ;  tn  contract 
With  getting  merely  the  general  uncritical  impressions  of  unscientific 
adults  as  to  effects  of  moving  pictures  on  children. 

This  involves  control  of  the  experiment, — by  preliminary  analysis  of 
all  the  elements  in  the  situation;  by  isolating  the  variable  elements;  and 
by  effective  testing  for  specific  results. 

2.  This  necessitates  somewhat  adequate  machinery  in  the  form  of 
money,  investigators,  and  time.  Our  proper  function  probably  is  to 
stimulate  non-commercial  institutions,  to  suggest  to  them  problems  on 
which  we  want  light,  and  aid  in  the  analysis  of  the  experiment  and 
tests. 

Certain  institutions  now  at  work:  Oklahoma  University. 

3.  Such  experiments  with  films  should  be  rigorously  compared,  where 
possible,  with  other  modes  of  reaching  and  training  the  intelligence,  the 
emotions,  the  attitudes  and  habits  of  children;  as,  for  example,  with 
results  of  visits  to  the  actual  objects;  story  telling  about  them;  labora- 
tory work;  reading,  with  or  without  illustrations;  etc. 

4.  Some  possible  and  desirable  problems  for  investigation  among 
both  boys  and  girls  of  different  ages:- — 

A.  Various  forms  of  conscious  intellectual  bonds,  associations,  mas- 
teries, skills,  etc.,  which  may  be  expected  to  result,  as— 

(a)  Exactness  of  recall  and  oral  reproduction  of  such  phenomena 
as  form,  number,  fact,  order  and  relations. 

(b)  Lastintf  power  of  such  results. 

(c)  Character  and  permanence  of  more  general  impressions  and 
appreciations,  as  brought  out  by  direct  questioning;  etc. 

(d)  Degree  of  correlation  or  articulation  of  these  acquired  ele- 
ments with  experiences  gained  in  other  ways; 

(e)  Power  or  disposition  to  draw  conclusions  or  to  make  applica- 
tions, intellectually  or  practically. 

(f)  Disposition   to   incorporate   into   day-dreams,   play,   ambitions, 
or  other  expressive  activities. 

B.  Effects  on  personal  states  in  which  the  more  outstanding  emotional 
qiuUities  enter:  —  as  fear,  disgust,  anger,  combativeness,  shame, 
sympathy,  curiosity,  rivalry,  acquisitiveness,  adventure,  cooperativeness, 
willingness  to  share  and  serve,  and  the  like. 

The  permanency  of  such  effects  or  motives. 

The  collateral  carry-over  of  any  of  these  emotional  states  into  other 
actual  relations. 

C-  Effects  upon  habits, — especially  as  relating  to  play,  reading,  study, 
initiative,  and  many  others — of  a  regimen  of  moving  pictures  as  an 
educative  method,— (or  of  any  particular  group  of  moving  pictures.) 

D.  Effects  upon  personal  standards  and  attitudes  relative  to  such 
situations  as  are  portrayed  in  the  pictures;  or  effects  on  child's  attitude 
toward  other  forms  of  experience,  relation,  and  educational  processes. 

It  was  urged  by  Rowlaif^  Rogers  and  Dolph  E^tman  that  a 
complete  list  of  problems  to  be  investigated  should  be  charted 
so  that  the  selection  of  research  topics  could  be  made  more  intel- 
ligently. 

Joseph  J.  Weber  reported  on  extended  experiments  he  is  under- 
taking in  New  York  City  schools  for  the  comparison  of  motion 
picture  presentation  of  subjects  with  ordinary  methods  of  teach- 
ing.   The  actual  findings  will  be  made  public  in  a  short  time. 

A  new  member  of  the  committee,  Prof.  J.  W.  Shepherd,  of  the 
University  of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Okla.,  had  given  to  the  chair- 
man a  graphic  description  of  similar  experiments  conducted  by 
him  in  the  model  schools  at  Norman,  following  the  example  of 
investigations  which  have  recently  been  made  at  Wisconsin  Uni- 
versity and  in  which  he  had  participated. 

The  Progressive  Education  Association,  1719  3.5th  Street, 
Washington,  D.  C,  has  promised  its  cooperation.  On  the  pro- 
gram of  its  annual  meeting,  at  Dayton,  Ohio,  April  8  and  9, 
appears  an  address  on  "Visual  Education." 

Our  Tentative  Questionnaires  as  published  in  the  March  issue 
of  this  magazine  seem  to  be  favorably  received.    Superintendent 


of  Public  Schools  James  H.  Spann,  at  Summerville,  S.C.,  writes 
us: 

"Accepting  your  suggestions  made  in  your  admirable  article  in  the 
last  number  of  Educational  Film  Magazine  I  have  prepared  the  en- 
closed letter  which  I  am  sending  to  approximately  fifty  patrons  of  my 
.school  and  twenty-five  superintendents  of  schools  in  other  places  in  this 
state.  I  have  for  a  year  been  attempting  to  use  motion  pictures  in 
my  school  work  both  for  the  good  of  my  pupils  and  the  community. 
A  study  of  this  kind  should  be  very  helpful." 

In  his  circular  he  makes  a  selection  of  essential  questions  from 
the  two  questionnaires  and  requests  answers  from  his  people, 
cautioning  them  in  the  same  words  we  employed  in  the  accom- 
panying notes.  His  results  will  be  communicated  to  us.  It  is  to 
be  hoped  that  other  school  officials  will  follow  this  example. 


Preliminary  List  of  Members 

of  the 

COMMITTEE  ON  PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 

IN  VISUAL  INSTRUCTION 

Working  under  the  auspices  of 

Educational  Film  Magazine 

Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszman,  Ph.  D.,  Chairman,  107  West 
87th  Street,  New  York. 

Lawrence  Augustus  Averill,  Ph.  D.,  Prof.  Mass.  State 
Normal  School,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  G.  Balcom,  Assistant  Supt.  of  Schools,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Dr.  A.  A.  Brill,  1  West  70th  Street,  New  York. 

Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  Comm.  Community 
Service  on  Motion  Pictures,  General  Federation  of 
Women's  Clubs,  220  West  42nd  Street,  New  York. 

Ernest  L.  Crandall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Visual  In- 
struction, Board  of  Education,  157  East  67th  Street, 
New  York. 

Dr.  Frederick  J.  Farnell,  219  Waterman  St.,  Providence,  R.I. 

Dr.  G.  Clyde  Fisher,  Associate  Curator,  Am.  Museum  of 
Natural  History,  New  York. 

Dr.  T.  W.  Galloway,  Associate  Director,  Dept.  of  Educa- 
tional Activity,  The  Am.  Social  Hygiene  Ass'n,  105 
West  40th  Street,  New  York. 

Charles  F.  Herm,  Harrison,  N.  Y. 

Dr.  Huber  W.  Hurt,  Scout  Executive,  Boy  Scouts  of  Amer- 
ica, 203  South  Dearborn  Street,  Chicago, 

Dr.  Edward  J.  Kempf,  100  West  59th  Street,  New  York. 

Prof.  James  E.  Lough,  Extramural  Division,  New  York 
University,  Washington  Square,  New  York. 

Everett  Dean  Martin,  Director,  Cooper  Union  Forum  of  the 
People's  Institute;  Chairman,  The  National  Bd.  of 
Review,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

Prof.  J.  L.  Meriam,  University  of  Missouri,  Columbia,  Mo. 

Geo.  E.  O'Dell,  Ethical  Society,  All  Souls  Church,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich. 

Dr.  A.  M.  Rabiner,  354  So.  Third  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Rowland  Rogers,  Vice-Pres.,  Picture  Service,  Inc.;  Chair- 
man, Curriculum  Committee,  N.  Y.  Visual  Instruction 
Ass'n,  51  East  42nd  Street,  New  York. 

Dr.  Alfred  H.  Saunders,  The  Educator's  Cinematograph 
Co.,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

J.  W.  Shepherd,  Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  University 
of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Okla. 

David  R.  Sumsline,  Ph.D.,  Principal  Peabody  High  School, 
PitUburgh,  Pa. 

Joseph  J.  Weber,  195  Claremont  Avenue,  New  York. 

J.  H.  Wilson,  Supervisor,  Visual  Instruction,  Board  of 
Education,  Detroit,  Mich. 


Hon.  Charles  L.  Brown,  president  judge  of  the  Municipal  Court 
of  Philadelphia  and  judge  of  the  Children's  Court,  writes  us: 

"I  note  with  interest  the  new  department  of  your  magazine.  The 
psychological  reaction  of  the  chUd  to  the  motion  picture  strikes  me 
as  a  most  important  matter  and  weU  worthy  of  scientific  study.  You 
raise  quite  a  numl>er  of  interesting  questions  in  your  letter.  I  should 
very  much  like  to  learn  more  about  it  as  your  work  progresses.  There 
is  notliing  more  important  than  a  collection  of  data  by  research  in 
order  to  get  a  basis  for  opinion  and  judgment." 

Col.  Ernest  K.   Coulter,   general  manager   of  the  New  York 

Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  for  Children,  writes: 

"I  am  greatlv  impressed  witli  the  prospective  field  for  research 
outlined  bv  you  "and  you  may  certainly  count  on  my  whole-hearted  co- 
operation." The  opportunities  through  motion  picture  visualization, 
by  the  exploitation  of  proper  subjects,  in  the  education  of  our  young 
are  siraplv  lunitless.  We  cannot  minimize  the  deleterious  effect  upon 
the  formative  intellect  of  a  growing  child  of  the  modern  and  all  too 
popular  salacious  screen  picture.  ...  So  far  as  our  Society  is  con- 
cerned our  efforts  are  wlwUy  concentrated  in  doing  all  we  can  to  see 
that  the  law  against  promiscuous  attendance  of  children  without  proper 
guardianship,  is  rigidly  enforced  ...  I  shall  be  glad  to  place  such 
records  as  may  be  of  service  to  you  at  your  disposal  at  any  time. 
Please  let  me  know  just  where  we  can  help." 

Franklin  Chase  Hoyt,  presiding  judge  of  the  Children's  Court, 
New  York,  author  of  Quicksands  of  Youth,  writes  us  that  he  is 
"most  interested  in  (our)  project"  and  is  ready  to  cooperate. 
"I  appreciate,"  he  adds,  "that  we  know  very  little  at  this  time 
concerning  the  effect  of  motion  pictures  upon  the  youth  of  the 
community,  and  that  most  of  the  comments  which  are  being  made 
in  this  regard  are  absurdly  superficial.  If  you  can  contribute  some 
real  facts  as  to  the  psychological  reaction  of  motion  pictures 
upon  the  child  you  will  be  doing  a  great  work." 

George  E.  O'Dell,  leader  of  the  Ethical  Society  at  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.,  is  making  a  systematic  effort  to  acquaint  the 
parents  of  that  city  with  this  research  work.  He  is  sending  out 
about  a  hundred  of  our  tentative  questionnaires,  slightly  simpli- 
fied, to  a  group  of  selected  parents,  and  will,  on  the  basis  of  the 
returns,  develop  further  steps. 

The  Committee  on  Pedagogical  Research  is  discussing  the  most 
practical  manner  of  dividing  the  vast  field  of  investigation  and 
experiment  by  organizing  subcommittees.  The  following  depart- 
ments will  be  established : 

l^Department  of  Psychological  Research; 

2 — Department  of  Instructional  Technique; 

3 — Department  of  Administration; 

4 — Department  of  Production; 

5 — Sociological  Department; 

6 — Department  of  Home  Problems. 

The  method  of  using  questionnaires  will  be  extended  in  two 
directions.  A  questionnaire  will  be  devised  for  use  with  children 
themselves  to  ascertain  their  reactions  in  a  direct  manner.  An- 
other is  being  already  employed  by  Mr.  Weber,  by  appealing  to 
professional  men,  psychologists,  and  others,  to  classify  original 
impressions  as  to  their  visual,  auditory,  and  other  elements. 
Similar  investigations  are  planned  as  to  the  relative  value  of 
motion  pictures  and  other  visual  material. 

In  The  Woman  Citizen  Dorothy  B.  Nutting  makes  the  point 
that  the  pictures  produced  primarily  for  grown-ups  are  likely  to 
be  the  ones  to  make  a  hit  with  the  children,  "for  by  expensive 
experiments  the  motion  picture  people  have  learned  that  the 
children  do  not  care  for  fairy  tales  and  stories  in  which  other 
youngsters  play  the  characters  ...  at  least  not  as  a  steady  diet" 

This  may  be  true,  but  would  not  apply  to  fairy-tales  dramatized 
by  grown-ups.  Besides,  it  is  doubtful  whether  the  attempts  so 
far  made  to  produce  screen  pictures  of  fairy-tales  have  been  peda- 
gogically  successful;  they  have  been  manufactured  in  the  same 


sensational  spirit  in  which  most  spectacular  films  have  been  pro- 
duced. A  notable  exception  Alice  in  Wonderland  produced  by 
W.  W.  Young  holds  youthful  audiences  with  increasing  rather 
than  decreasing  enthusiasm. 

When  the  writer  in  The  Woman  Citizen  further  contends: 
"Most  of  the  children  of  today  like  love-stories.  They  love  to 
see  the  handsome  hero  rescuing  his  lady-love,  and  their  spon- 
taneous applauding  at  the  deeds  of  valor  he  performs  proves  that 
they  are  'with  him'  to  the  last  urchin,"  she  forgets  two  things. 
First,  that  the  fairy-tales  are  in  a  large  number  of  cases  based 
upon  the  same  fundamental  idea  of  heroism,  love  and  winning 
in  marriage.  Secondly,  that  it  is  not  only  the  "children  of  to- 
day" who  like  love-stories.  If  she  would  study  the  games  played 
by  children  since  there  were  children,  the  games  that  have  come 
to  the  shores  of  America  from  all  the  lands  of  the  globe,  and  to 
them  from  dusty  antiquity,  she  will  discover  that  love  and  kissing 
games  and  marriage  games  form  a  very  large  part  of  our 
children's  youthful  entertainments.  They  date  back  to  the  myth- 
ological age.  When  our  modem  purists  endeavor  to  weed  out 
these  games  from  childlife,  they  ignore  a  very  essential  element 
in  early  sex-eduoation. 

When  the  writer  quoted  adds  these  sentences:  "After  all, 
children  reflect  the  ideas  of  grown-ups,  and  the  grown-ups  are 
enlarged  children.  Why  shouldn't  the  same  pictures  appeal  to 
both?" — ^she  is  guilty  of  a  strange  mixture  of  truth  and  error, 
and  shows  that  genetic  psychology  is  a  foreign  language  to  her. 

In  a  letter  to  the  New  York  Sun  J.  A.  S.  makes  a  helpful  sug- 
gestion though  he  makes  several  astounding  statements.  He 
writes,  among  other  things: 

That  the  picture  shows  as  they  are  inspire  low  ideals,  create  petty 
minds,  light  thought,  suggest  criminality,  vampirism  and  abomination 
is  self-evident.   (?) 

Turn  the  movies  loose.  Let  them  show  most  anything  they  want 
to  and  in  the  way  they  want.  But  over  against  this  put  an  interpreter 
to  interpret,  comment  and  explain.  Let  the  interpreter  serve  as  an 
administer  of  anti-toxins  to  the  mind.  Let  him  counteract,  kill  and 
counterbalance  anything  suggestive  in  these  pictures.  Let  them  see 
humor  where  there  is  humor,  pathos  where  there  is  pathos  and  sta- 
tistics where  there  are  figures. 

Frank  Roberson  and  others  of  travalog  fame  were  getting  fifty 
cents,  seventy  cents  and  a  dollar  when  their  competitors  were  getting 
five  cents.  That  a  living  being  on  the  stage  with  a  flow  of  language 
filled  with  fun,  humor,  and  instructive  information  pleases  audiences 
has  been  proved  again  and  again. 

The  valuable  part  of  this  suggestion  refers  to  the  living  in- 
terpreter of  the  pictures  shown.  He  would  take  the  place  of 
many  of  the  texts  which  accompany  the  screen  pictures.  Espe- 
cially in  the  case  of  children,  in  the  presentation  not  only  of 
didatic  and  informative  films,  but  also  of  fairy-tales,  stories,  clas- 
sical dramas,  the  story  teller  of  old  should  be  revived.  Many  of 
the  objections  and  difficulties  in  the  way  of  the  production  of  films 
for  children  would  be  obviated  if  the  living  word  of  the  right 
kind  of  a  raconteur  could  be  introduced.  Films  in  the  schools 
are  made  more  impressive  by  the  running  comment  of  the  right 
kind  of  teacher;  we  love  to  listen  to  the  eloquent  address  of  an 
inspired  speaker.  Even  many  of  the  surprising  tricks  of  the 
prestidigitator,  the  modem  stage  magician,  would  lose  much  of 
their  charm  and  mystery  were  they  not  accompanied  by  the  skill- 
ful small  talk  of  the  performer.  The  spoken  word  has  a  peculiar 
significance  in  child  life  during  the  oral  stage;  it  is  a  mistake  to 
think  that  visual  impressions  can  altogether  replace  the  power 
of  oral  appeal.  A  well  balanced  combination  of  the  two  methods 
of  approach  would  do  wonders. 

(Editor's  Note:  See  article  "Educational  Film  Orators  in  Jap  The- 
aters," page  8,  April  1921  issue  of  this  magazine.) 


NATURAL  HISTORY 


NATURAL  HISTORY  DRAMATIZED 

"The  Birds  of  Killingworth,"  Based  upon  Longfellow's  Poem, 
Brought  Vividly  to  the  Screen 

By  Winthrop  Packard 


THE  great  wave  of  enthusiasm  for  bird  study  and  bird  pro- 
tection, now  sweeping  the  country,  fostered  by  Audubon 
Societies  in  every  state  in  the  union,  finds  new  expression 
in  The  Birds  of  Killingworth,  the  two  reel  film  now  being 
distributed  by  the  Fibn  Library  Service.  "The  book  ^of  the  play," 
if  one  may  say  it  that  way,  is  by  Henry  Wads  worth  Longfellow, 
the  most  popular  great  American  poet.  His  classic  Tales  of  a 
Wayside  Inn  are  on  the  bookshelves  of  every  American  reader 
of  good  literature.  They  are  prescribed  in  school  courses  and 
eagerly  read  by  boys  and  girls  from  Maine  to  California;  and 
best  loved  of  these  tales  both  by  adults  and  children  is  The  Birds 
of  Killingworth. 

Here  is  a  refined  dramatic  story,  bubbling  with  bucolic  humor. 
The  setting  of  the  tale  is  historical.  There  is  seen  the  beautiful 
unmarred  New  England  countryside  of  a  century  ago  with  its 
stately  flower-embowered  homes,  its  tree-bordered  roadsides,  its 
farms  and  its  farmers  passing  in  quaint  procession  through  it. 
The  town  meeting  and  the  village  school  are  in  session;  the 
austere  parson,  the  ancient  squire,  the  village  scboolmaster  and 
the  boys  and  girls  of  the  time  give  action.  The  story  deals  with 
all  these,  but  mostly  it  deals  with  the  birds  for  love  of  whom  the 
good  gray  poet  tells  the  tale. 

Film  Wizardry  of  the  Finleys 

The  two  great  film  portrayers  of  wild  birds  in  the  country  to- 
day are  William  and  Irene  Finley.  They  have  a  peculiar  wizardry 
in  getting  the  real  things  of  birdlife  on  the  screen.  Somehow  the 
birds  do  things  for  them  that  they  rarely  do  for  others.  Little 
humanlike  actions  that  are  very  enticing  and  illuminating.  Hence, 
they  get  pictures  of  great  interest,  of  vivid,  often  humorous 
action,  and  all  without  a  suggestion  of  stage  setting  or  posed 
scenes.  The  Finleys'  birds  are  the  Birds  of  Killingworth  from 
the  start  to  the  finish.  In  cut-in  glimpses  or  in  prolonged  scenes 
they  tell  the  story  as  much  as  the  human  characters  there  por- 
trayed. They  flit  charmingly  through  the  story  from  beginning 
to  end,  carolling  blithely  at  dawn,  feeding  and  brooding  their 
young,  going  about  their  daily,  gaily  accomplished  task  of  rid- 
ding the  world  of  troublesome  insect  life. 

But  the  farmers,  impelled  by  stupid  greed,  decide  that  the 
birds  of  their  town  must  die  because,  forsooth,  they  eat  a  little 
fruit  and  take  toll  of  the  abundant  grain.  And  so  they  kill  them. 
It  is  Ralph  Hodgson's  tale  of  Stupidity  Street  all  over  again: 


I  saw  with  open  eyes   . 
Singing  birds  sweet 
Sold  in  the  shops 
For  the  people  to  eat. 
Sold  in  the  shops  of 
Stupidity  Street. 


I  saw  in  vision 
Tlie  worm  in  the  wheat, 
Andin  the  shops  nothing 
For  people  to  eat; 
Nothing  for  sale  in 
Stupidity   Street. 


The  Lesson  of  the  Deap  Birds 

But  not  without  protest.  The  lovelicsi  girl  in  the  village  pleads 
for  the  birds.  Her  lover,  the  handsome  young  schoolmaster,  goes 
to  town  meeting  and  there  makes  oration  for  the  birds;  but  the 
fannera  kill  them.     Then  they  are  sorry;  for  the  worms  that 


would  have  been  in  the  birds'  crops  are  now  in  theirs  and  devasta- 
tion follows.  Presently  the  birds  are  dead,  but  the  crawling 
insects  thrive  and  the  worms  are  not  only  in  the  wheat  but  every- 
where. They  invade  the  flower  garden,  spoil  lovers'  lane,  and 
bring  such  disaster  and  disoomfort  that  even  the  farmers  agree 
that  the  birds  must  be  brought  back.  So  they  are  brought  with 
many  a  dramatic  touch  from  the  neighboring  towns  and  set  free 
in  Killingworth,  where  once  more  crops  and  comfort  return  and, 
best  of  all,  the  curtain  falls  on  the  preceptor  and  the  fair 
Almira,  champions  of  the  birds  from  the  first,  happily  wedded 
while  the  birds  sing  songs  of  joy  above  them. 

There  is  great  need  that  conservation  of  our  wildlife  should 
be  impressed  upon  the  present  generation.  The  newspapers  stress 
it;  the  schools  proclaim  it.  Already  it  is  being  taught  by  the 
screen,  vividly  and  entertainingly  in  The  Birds  of  Killingworth. 

SHOOTING'  MOUNTAIN  LIONS  WITH  MOVIE  CAMERA 

To  Say  Nothing  of  Lasso  and  Rifle — Exploits  of  a  Mighty  Nimrod 
Friend  of  Roosevelt* 

WHEN  the  craving  becomes  unbearable  Stanley  H.  Graham, 
of  wallpaper  patterns  with  newlyweds,  locks  up  his  paint 
of  669  North  State  Street,  Chicago,  postpones  discussions 
store  and  hastens  westward  to  try  his  lariat  and  movie  camera 
on  the  coy  and  playful  mountain  lion.     Lassoing  lions,  says  Mr. 
Graham,  beats  sassafras  tea  for  that  springtime  lassitude. 

And,  if  things  get  especially  boresome,  Mr.  Graham  becomes 
prankish  and  swings  the  lions  around  in  the  air  by  the  tail. 
Nothing,  y'know,  embarrasses  a  lion  more  than  to  be  treated  like 
a  signal  corps  flag. 

Mr.  Graham,  hunting  friend  of  Theodore  Roosevelt  and  known 
among  the  outdoor  enthusiasts  for  the  last  20  years  for  his  kills 
all  over  the  United  States  and  Canada,  has  just  returned  to  his 
prosaic  wallpaper  business  in  Chicago  from  a  three-months'  ex- ' 
pedition  in  the  mountain  wilds  of  Sonora,  Mexico.  He  brought 
back  with  him  in  his  game  bag  the  skins  of  fourteen  mountain 
lions,  or  cougars,  and  eight  tigers,  or  jaguars,  as  well  as  twelve 
deer,  twelve  javelinas  or  peccaries,  and  twenty  strange  Mexican 
monkeys  —  to  say  nothing  of  hundreds  of  feet  of  real  film 
thrillers. 

'*'*•-"      Sport  Full  of  Thrills 

"I've  hunted  nearly  every  variety  of  game  in  North  America, 
but  trailing  the  mountain  lion  beats  them  all  for  thrills,"  said 
Mr.  Graham.  "The  only  way  to  hunt  the  lions  is  with  bloodr 
hounds  and  fast  horses.  A  lion  will  measure  7  feet  4  inches  from 
nose  to  the  tip  of  the  tail,  and  will  weigh  150  pounds.  A  Mexi- 
can lion  is  what  you'd  call  a  'hard-boiled  egg'." 

Mr.  Graham  has  what  is  said  to  be  the  only  pack  of  blood- 
hounds in  the  world  that  are  trained  to  hunt  mountain  lions. 
Two  of  the  hounds,  Rat  and  Fox,  worth  $10,000,  have  also  sent 
eight  criminals  to  the  Arizona  penitentiary  through  their  ability 
to  pick  up  a  scent  even  seventy-two  hours  cold.  At  one  time  on 
the  recent  Mexican  hunt  the  pack  ran  three  days  and  three  nights, 
trailing  a  lion,  and  it  was  Mr.  Graham's  horse  that  gave  out 

*Chieapo  Daily  Ktun 


10 


'THE  BUMBLE  BEE' 


PROF.  Arthur  G.  Eldredge  of  the  Department  of  Photog- 
raphy, University  of  Illinois,  Urbana,  Illinois,  has  com- 
pleted an  interesting  film  study  of  the  bumble  bee,  compris- 
ing about  1500  feet.  In  some  respects  it  is  the  most 
valuable  entomological  study  of  the  bee  family  which  has  been 
made  available  for  the  motion  picture  screen.  There  have 
been  a  number  of 
reels  produced  on 
the  honey  bee  and 
its  activities,  espe- 
cially in  a  com- 
mercial aspect,  but 
its  cousin  the 
bumble  bee  has  un- 
til now  escaped  the 
ubiquitous  camera- 
hunter. 

The  accompany- 
i  n  g  illustrations 
taken  directly 
from  the  film  give 
some  idea  of  the 
informational  and 
instructional  value 
of  the  picture. 
Prof.  Eldredge  has 
shown  activities 
within  the  nest 
which,  he  says, 
"h-ave  probably 
never  been  ob- 
served   even    by 


ABOVE— Eggs   of   the   bumble   bee    in    their   cells. 
1 


■  Below — Queen 
in  the  nest. 


bee    drinking    from    a    honey-pot 


many  entomologists.  The  wax  on  the  body  of  the  bee  is  the  only 
specimen  found  in  ten  years'  study  and  examination  of  hundreds 
of  bees  by  Dr.  Prison,  my  coworker." 

Some  of  the  outstanding  features  of  the  film  are  the  queen 
bee  brooding  on  her  nest,  drinking  from  the  honey  pot,  cover- 
ing up  her  nest  when  it  is  exposed  to  light,  hatching  of  baby  bees 

from  eggs,  gather- 
ing of  the  honey, 
and  comparison  of 
the  queen,  the 
worker,  and  the 
drone.  The  picture 
is  authentic  in 
every  respect  and 
carefully  executed. 

The  titling, 
while  artistically 
done,  might  be  im- 
proved; the  letters 
are  too  small  to 
be  readable.  Other 
pictorial  material 
might  be  added  to 
round  out  the  two 
reels,  without  mak- 
ing the  film  too 
diffuse.  But  as  it 
stands  The  Bumble 
Bee  is  a  distinct 
contribution  to  the 
screen  and  peda- 
gogically    useful. 


ABOVE — Queen   bee  brooding  on  the  nest. 
■^  Below — Queen  bee  covering  the  nest  when  it  has 
become  exposed  to  light. 


and  stopped  the  chase.  The  hungrier  the  dogs  are  the  better 
they  smell;  so  they  were  never  fed  during  the  pursuit. 

"What's  real  sport,  though,"  said  Mr.  Graham,  "is  to  follow  a 
lion,  hpwling  his  fury,  into  a  cave;  I'd  go  into  the  cave  with 
a  short  carbine,  holding  a  candle  on  a  pole.  The  lion  would 
poke  his  head  aroimd  an  alley  in  the  cave  to  see  the  strange 
light,  then  I'd  pop  him.  Of  course  the  discharge  of  the  gun  put 
out  the  candle  and  it's  sort  of  ticklish  on  the  backbone,  because 
you  don't  know  whether  you've  really  killed  old  Mr.  Lion.  My 
wife  in  New  Mexico  shot  four  lion$;  she,  thought  it  more  exciting 
than  a  bridge  game."  ; 

Mr.  Graham  showed  movies  he  took  of  the  cozy  little  sport  of 
lion  lassoing  at  the  April  dinner  of  the  Adventurers'  Club,  40 
South  Clark  Street.     He  sent  the  lioji  skins  to  a  museum. 

"THE  OASIS" 

'  I  ''HIS  two-reeler  pictures  the  aims,  ideals,  and  welfare  activities 
of  the  Chicago  Hebrew  Institute.  A  subtitle  thus  describes 
the  purpose  of  the  organization: 

"To  provide  a  social  center;  encourage  education;  promote 
physical  welfare  and  promote  civic  interests;  give  moral  and 
spiritual  rather  than  material  aid;  strive  for  the  elimination  of 
class  distinctions;  prevent  rather  than  cure  social  ills." 

Scores  of  children  are  seen  at  play  in  the  streets  of  the  tene- 
ment district;  by  contrast  are  shown  pictures  of  those  under  the 
sheltering  care  of  the  Oasis.  Physicians  examine  the  little  ones, 
gymnastic  exercises  strengthen  the  young  bodies,  and  the  Monies- 


sori  system  develops  their  minds.  Another  contrast  picture  show^ 
boys  smoking  and  gambling. 

The  helpful  way  in  which  the  institute  reaches  out  to  the 
parents  is  also  depicted.  One  scene  discloses  2000  mothers  and 
daughters  listening  to  a  scientific  lecture.  During  last  summer 
2800  babies  were  taken  from  tenement  hovels  to  shady  nooks  and 
fresh  air.  A  social  party  at  which  hundreds  of  boys  and  girls 
are  dancing  makes  a  striking  "shot."  Many  other  institute  activ- 
ities have  been  filmed. 

The  picture  will  be  found  useful  by  all  institutions  and  wel- 
fare organizations  interested  in  community  work  of  this  character. 

URBAN  MOVIE  CHATS   OF   PLEASING  VARIETY 

TVrO.  46.  English  country  side  scenes;  the  late  Lord  Kitchener  re- 
•••^  viewing  the  Egyptian  Camel  Corps  in  Khartoum;  family  pets;  and 
a  science  picture  showing  lively  battles  in  the  insect  world,  comprise 
a  varied  and  interesting  reel. 

No.  57.  Scenes  in  and  about  Jerusalem  feature  the  Mosque  of  Omar, 
the  Wailing  Place,  the  Mount  of  Olives,  and  the  Garden  of  Gethsem- 
ane.  The  latter  view  is  immediately  followed  by  pictures  of  a  hog 
farm  in  Missouri.  Some  unusual  views  of  wild  bird  life  on  the  cliffs 
of  England,  are  succeeded  by  picturesque  glimpses  of  life,  industries 
and  customs  in  Cairo,  and  the  Egyptian  irrigation  systems,  both  old 
and  new. 

No.  58.  Basket-sledding  on  liie  precipitous  streets  of  Madeira? 
quaint  market  scenes  in  Cairo;  a  visit  to  seals  at  the  Zoo  and  sheep- 
shearing  in  Mexico  form  a  varied  and  interesting  sequence,  concluding 
with  a  glimpse  of  Japan  which  creates  a  desire  for  more. 

No.  59.  The  mystery  and  age-old  charm  of  Algiers  forms  an  ex- 
cellent opening  for  this  number.  This  is  followed  by  highly-magnified 
specimens  of  the  lowest  types  of  animal  life:  amoeba,  hydra,  and  the 
small  crustaceans.  A  genuine  contribution  to  the  study  of  architecture 
is  comprised  in  the  scenes  of  the  ruins  of  Baalbec,  which  are  followed 
by  a  Samoan  wedding  dance,  and  a  visit  to  some  of  the  unusual  animals 
at  the  Zoo.  Street  scenes  in  Japan  conclude  the  reeL 


11 


COMMUNITY 


#  I 


NEW  FILMS  PROMOTE  RECREATIONAL  MOVEMENT 

"Keep    'Em    Smiling"    and    "Play    and    Be    Happy"    Visualize    the 
Spirit  of  Community  Play 

By  Harold  Forrest  Hamill 


COMMUNITY  Service,  Incorporated,  a  New  York  welfare 
organization,    successor    to    the    War    Camp    Community 
Service,  announces  the  release  of  the  first  films  devoted 
exclusively  to  recreational  possibilities.    The  action  of  the 
organization    in   adopting   the   screen    in   its   movement   to   give 
people  of  all  ages  throughout  the  country  opportunity  for  self- 


CCENE  from  "Play  and  Be  Happy"  depicting  a  Shakespearean  pageant  at  Oakland,  California.  One 
"^  of  the  many  community  center  activities  which  have  been  filmed  by  the  Community  Service,  Inc., 
1  Madison  Avenue,  New  York. 

expression  by  organizing  communities  for  leisure-time  activities, 
marks  a  real  step  forward  in  the  field  of  social  work. 

The  new  tribute  to  the  motion  picture  as  an  educator  is  an 
outgrowth  of  the  pronounced  success  which  at- 
tended its  use  in  industries,  schools,  and  voca- 
tional training  courses  for  wounded  veterans  of 
the  world  war,  conducted  by  the  United  States 
War  Department.  Rapidly  growing  ranks  of 
manufacturers  are  using  the  film  to  recruit  em- 
ployes, instruct  them  for  their  new  positions, 
and  train  them  in  efficiency.  And  it  is  a  matter 
of  record  that  the  new  visual  ally  has  greatly 
increased  the  effectiveness  of  schools  and  army 
courses  to  which  it  has  been  added. 

These  recreational  films  are  each  1,000  feet  in 
length,  and  deal  with  practically  every  phase  of 
the  employment  of  leisure-time.  The  spirit  of 
titles  of  the  productions:  Keep  'Em  Smiling  and 
the  organization's  aims  is  well  set  forth  in  the 
Play  and  Be  Happy.  The  films  were  prepared 
under  the  direction  of  Miss  Maljel  Graswinckel. 

The  goal  of  the  presentations  is  to  educate 
people  of  unorganized  communities,  in  which 
the  films  will  be  principally  shown,  to  a  realiza- 
tion of  the  essential  necessity  of  recreational 
life  and  to  impress  upon  them  that  their  com- 
munity can  duplicate  the  conditions  depicted  on 
a  larger  scale. 


Such  an  idea  of  the  extent  of  Community  Service's  ministra- 
tions is  given  by  the  productions,  some  of  the  scenes  having  been 
taken  in  states  as  widely  separated  as  California  and  New  York, 
Michigan  and  Florida.  Community  Service  sends  staff  organizers 
to  communities  extending  invitations  to  be  organized  for  recrea- 
tional life. 

Play  and  Be  Happy  depicts  a  Shakespear- 
ean pageant  at  Oakland,  Calif.;  an  ice  car- 
nival in  St.  Paul,  Minn.;  immigrants  learning 
English  by  coamnunity  singing  of  patriotic 
songs  in  one  of  the  Americanization  classes 
conducted  in  a  New  York  public  school  by 
New  York  Community  Service. 

Keep  'Em  Smiling  presents  a  children's 
pet  show  and  a  boys'  pushmobile  race  in 
Jacksonville,  Fla.;  a  May  Day  fete,  Spring- 
field, Ohio;  a  pioneer  pageant  in  Michigan, 
with  landing  of  Father  Marquette.  Both 
productions  also  deal  with  other  phases  of 
the  employment  of  leisure-time. 

As  a  reminder  of  the  attitude  of  European 
countries  toward  receational  life,  the  former 
film  depicts  a  demonstration  drill  of  15,000 
athletic  enthusiasts  in  Czecho-Slovakia,  and 
the  latter  film  gymnastics  on  a  large  scale 
in  France  and  the  opening  of  the  first  playground  in  Japan  at 
Yokohama. 


A    blffh-flier.  Bojr  athlete  taklnc  a  bith  Jump  at  an  outdoor  athletic  contest  shown  in  "Keep  '£■ 
Snillnv."    Released  by  Community  Serrlce,  Inc. 


12 


SCIENTIFIC 


"THE  LIVING  WORLD" 

George  E.  Stone's  Six-Reel  Biological  Sequel  to  "How  Life  Begins" 
Is  Encyclopedic  in  Scope  and  of  High  Pedagogical  Value 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


THIS  film,  the  work  of  that  recognized  authority  on  biology, 
George  E.  Stone,  produces  upon  the  spectator  an  overwhelm- 
ing impression  of  the  beauty,  variety,  and  abundance  of 
animal  and  veget£d)le  life.  This  effect  has  been  achieved 
hrough  the  particularly  happy  selection  of  living  examples 
vhich  include  children,  animals,  fowls  and  birds,  insects,  rep- 
lies, and  microscopic  animals;  trees,  plants,  and  flowers. 
•  The  picture  visualizes  the  essential  characteristics  which  dis- 
inguish  living  things  from  the  non-living,  and  explains  the 
ievelopnient,  conservation,  and  variations  of  life-forms  in  both 
ilant  and  animal  world.  Adequate  titling  and  a  series  of  ani- 
nated  diagrams  for  which  Sedgwick  and  Wilson  are  the  author- 
ties  supplement,  clarify,  and  unify  the  beautiful  "shots."  Scien- 
ific  in  every  particular,  this  invaluable  subject  concludes  with  an 
xposition  of  the  various  phenomena  of  linking  living  things  with 
he  sun — the  source  of  all  physical  life  on  this  planet. 

The  material  naturally  so  divides  itself  that  the  six  reels  com- 
irising  the  subject  can  be  shown  one  or  two  reels  at  a  time.  In 
his  form  it  will  be  invaluable  for  use  in  the  upper  grades  no 
ess  than  for  older  pupils;  while  the  advanced  student  and  the 
:reat  world  of  interested  people  outside  of  academic  circles  will 
;nd  in  the  picture  an  absorbing  and  lucid  visualization  of  the 
reat  fundamental  principles  of  physical  life. 

Titles  *OF  "The  Living  World"  in  Detail 

The  following  list  of  titles  by  reels  will  convey  to  the  reader 
nd  the  prospective  user  of  this  pedagogically  valuable  subject 
n  excellent  idea  of  the  film  material  and  its  teaching  possibilities 
nd  other  screen  applications: 

REEL  ONE 

BIOLOGY  is  the  SaENCE  which  treats  of  liTing  things.  ALL  the  facts 
:?lating  to  life  are  properly  included  in   this  study. 

FIRST  of  all  let  us  fully  realize  what  is  meant  by  the  term  "LIVING 
KING." 

Man,    consciously   or    unconsciously,    divides    all   MATERIAL    OBJECTS    into 
WO  CLASSES-the  LIVING  and  NON-LIVING. 
These,  we  say,   are   ALIVE. 
These,  we  say,  are  NOT  .\LIVE. 

On  what  facts  do  we  base  this  division?     What  properties   does   the   living 
ling  possess  which  are  not  present  in  the  stone? 
First — the  living  thing  moves — the  stone  does  NOT  move. 
Second — the   living  thing  feeds. 
The  stone  does  not  feed. 

Third— the   living   thing   REPRODUCES    ITS   KIND. 
The  stone  remains  but  one. 

Observe,  in  the  following  example,  that  it  is  only  because  a  living  thing 
IS  power  to  move,  to  feed  and  to  reproduce  that  we  are  able  to  recognize 
le  presence  of  life. 

To  MOVE,  to  FEED  and  to  REPRODUCE  is  equally  characteristic  of 
LANTS. 

Some  plants  move  so  quickly  that  the  motion  is  clearly  seen.  For  example: — 
imosa,   the   sensitive   plant. 

But  usually,  the  plant   movements    are   so   slow  that  the   photography  must 
■-  "Speeded  Up"  in  order  that  motion  ni.iy  be  demonstrated, 
•ints  feed  upon  substances  found  in  the  earth  and  in  the  air. 
Plants  reproduce  either  from  cuttings  or  from  seeds. 

Lifeless   (non-living)  things  may  appear  to  have  the  power  to  move,  to  feed 
to  reproduce. 
Metalic  So<lium  placed  on   water  moves  rapidly. 
Various  machines  perform  complex  MOVEMENTS. 
The  candle  flame  .appears  to  feed  on  the  wax. 
Crystals  appear  to  reproduce. 

REEL  TWO 

Tet  Bone  of  these  objects  is  truly  alive.  Therefore  the  ability  of  th»  ma- 
rial  object  to  move,  to  feed  and  to  reproduce  is  not  a  final  proof  of  life. 


Yet  in  general  we  recognize  living  things  without  difficulty.  The  rabbit  we 
say  is  a  living  thing  called  an  "Animal". 

The  Flower,  we  say,  is  a  living  thing  called  a  "Plant". 

Dormant  objects,  such  as  seeds,  bulbs,  roots  and  eggs  we  recognize  as 
derived  from  life  and  possessed  of  the  possibility  of   renewing  life. 

By  what  final  proof  may  we  recognize  life? 

Our  final  proof  of  life  may  be  established  in   one  of  two  general   ways: 

First:  The  existence  of  life  may  be  PROVED  by  the  CHARACTERISTIC 
CHEMICAL  COMPOSITION  of  living  substance. 

Second:  The  existence  of  life  may  be  PROVED  by  the  CHARACTERISTIC 
iVCTIVITIES   OF   LIVING   substance. 

THE    CHEMICAL   COMPOSITION    OF   LIVING   SUBSTANCE. 

All  living  things  are  composed  of  a  unique  substance  called  PROTOPLASM 
which  may  be  clearly  seen  in  a  microscopic  animal  called  "AMOEB.\". 

Protoplasm  is  a  transparent  jelly  like  substance:  a  highly  complicated  proteid 
compound  consisting  largely  of  the  elements — carbon,  oxygen,  nitrogen,  hydro- 
gen, sulpha,  phosphorus  and  a  few  others.  It  contains  no  element  which  is 
not  familiar  to  us  as  non-living  matter. 

Protoplasm  may  also  be  demonstrated   in  the  substance   of   a  plant. 

Protoplasm  is  never  produced  except  by  the  growth  and  division  of  other 
protoplasms.  Thus  protoplasm  comes  only  from  protoplasms,  and  "Life  Comes 
Only  From  Life." 

Protoplasm  characteristically  shows  a  massing  into  small  units  surrounded 
by  supporting  walls.  Tlie  appearance  of  these  units  early  suggested  the  name 
of   "Cells"   now  universally  accepted. 

Photomicrograph  of  plant  substance  to  show  the  cells. 

As.sociated  with  protoplasm  and  produced  by  it.  there  are  characteristically 
found  many  substances  entirely  lifeless  in  themselves.     For  example — 

Within  the  tissues  of  a  plant  may  be  found  crystals  of  lime. 

Other  examples  are  more  familiar — Hair. 

Beak. 

Shell. 

But  no  life  exists  without  protoplasm. 

The  CHARACTERISTIC  ACTIVITIES  OF  LIVING  SUBSTANCE  establish 
our  second  proof  of  lite. 

Voluntary  movement,  feeding  and  reproduction  are  three  such  activities. 
They  fail  as  proofs  because  they  are  not  sufficient.  Other  activities  will  now 
be  demonstrated. 

Thd  cell  is  the  unit  of  life.  It  is  within  the  protoplasm  of  the  cell  that 
there  occurs  the  remarkable  sequence  of  energy-changes  which  result  in  the 
phenomena  of  life. 

Section  of  animal  tissue  magnified  to  show  the  cells. 

Section  of  plant  tissue  to  show  the  cells. 

Cells  multiplied  by  a  curious  process  of  division  in  which  the  contents  of 
the  nucleus  are  accurately  divided  between  the  two  new  cells.  By  such 
division  growth  occurs. 

in  the  simplest  plants  and  animals  the  entire  body  consists  of  one  cell. 

Photograph  of  microscopic  plant. 

Photograph   of  microscopic  animal. 

All  vital  activities  are  here  performed  within  the  limits  of  a  single  proto- 
plasmic cell. 

In  higher  forms  of  life  the  cells  are  modified  in  shape,  lose  certain  powers, 
and  become  specialized  for  definite  work.     Thus  we  have^ 

These  specialized  cells  are  collected  into  ti.ssues  and  organs  adapted  to  per- 
form particular  functions.     Thus  in  a  plant  we  have — 

In  animals  we  have — 

Tissues   and   organs  make   up   the   individual,   whether  plant  or  animal. 

REEL  THREE 

Thus  every  living  thing  may  be  considered  as  a  collection  of  specialized 
cells  organized  to  perform  all  vital  functions.  Hence,  we  call  living  things 
"Organisms"  and  refer  to  them  as  "Organic  Life". 

The  characteristic  activities  of  life  result  from  the  peculiar  properties 
of  the  substance,  protoplasm. 

The  fundamental  irritability  of  protoplasm  permits  this  substance  to  respond 
to  every  change  in  the  physical  and  chemical  environments  by  adaptive  modifi- 
cations of  form   or  structure. 

The  "Irritability"  of  protoplasm  permits  an  organism  to  respond  to  its 
environments  directly  as  by  contact. 

Or  "Irritability"  long  continued  causes  modifications  of  growth.  The  shel- 
tered cypress  grows   in  beautiful   normal  symmetry. 

The  irritability  of  protoplasm  of  these  exposed  cypresses  prevented  normal 
growth  under  winds  swept  side. 

Irritability,  long  continued  through  generations  results  in  structural  changes 
to  fit  the  environment. 

Thus,  the  desert  plants  have  lessened  their  surface  and  increase  their  bulk 
to  conserve  moisture. 

The  Sea;  tremendous  in   its  power! 

The  Sea  plants  have  developed  slender  tough  stems  with  buoyant  leaves 
in  order  to  withstand  the  waves. 

The  fertile  land;  sheltered,  with  friendly  soil  well  watered,  the  plants  grow 
with  grace  and  delicacy. 

All  living  things  go  through  a  recurrent  cycle  of  changes  associated  with 
their  life  history.     Thus,  the  hen  produces  the  egg. 

The  egg  is  a  detached  portion  of  the  body  of  the  hen  capable  <rf  further 
coordinated  development. 

The  development  processes  require  warmth  which  is  supplied  by  the  body 
of  the  hen. 

After  21  days  of  development  within  the  egg,  the  chick  breaks  the  shell 
and  i.'?  hatched. 

The  egg  has  developed  into  a  chick. 

The  chick  grows — 

— and  becomes  a  hen.  thus  completing  the  cycle  of  life. 

Furthermore  such  life  cycles  establish  a  definite  relationship  between  parent 
and  ofl-spring.     One  generation   is  the  parent  of  the  next. 

Moreover,  the  parent  passes  on  to  the  off-springs  eertaia  characteristic* 
(Conlinued  on  page  to) 


M 


LITERATURE 


'THE  OLD  SWIMMIN'  HOLE' 


Qh !  the  old  swimmin'  hole !     In  the  happy  days  of  yore. 
When  I  ust  to  lean  above  it  on  the  old  sickamore. 

Oh !  it  showed  mc  a  face  in  its  warm  sunny  tide 
That  gazed  back  at  me  so  gay  and  glorified. 

It  made  me  love  myself  as  I  leaped  to  caress 

My  shadder  smilin'  up  at  me  with  sich  tenderness. 

Oh!  the  old  swimmin'  hole!    In  the  long,  lazy  days 


When  the  humdrum  of  school  made  so  many  run-a-ways. 
How  pleasant  was  the  jurney  down  the  old  dusty  lane, 

Whare  the  tracks  of  our  bare  feet  was  all  printed  so  plane 
You  could  tell  by  the  dent  of  the  heel  and  the  sole 

They  was  lots  o'fun  on  hand  at  the  old  swinuiiin'  hole. 
But  the  lost  joys  is  past !     Let  your  tears  in  sorrow  roll 

Like  the  rain  that  ust  to  dapple  up  the  old  swimmin'  hole. 

— James  Whitcomb  Riley. 


By  Frank  L.  Shellabarger 


1^ 


LIMITLESS  possibilities  for  the  future, 
both  in  motion  pictures  and  the  teach- 
ing   of    poetry,    are    suggested    as    a 
result  of  the  action  of  an  o&ial  com- 
mittee  of   teachers   in  rec- 
ommending    the     use     of 
Charles  Ray's  filmed  version 
of  The  Old  Swimmin  Hole 
in  the  American  literature 
classes    of   the   New   York 
City  public  schools.    With 
the  beginning  of  the  autumn 
term  this  picture  will  have 
as  firm  a  place  in  the  in- 
structional    equipment     as 

any  of  the  prescribed  textbooks. 

Not  the   first   American   literary 

work  to  be  picturized,  or  to  be 

used   by    the    schools    in    filmed 

form,   Jaimes   Whitcomb    Riley's 

much  beloved  classic  is  the  first 

poem  to  be  so  adopted. 

The  combination  of  Riley  and 

Charles    Ray    is    regarded    as   a 

happy  one.    To  hosts  of  Ameri- 
cans the  Hoosier  bard  is  known 

affeetiopalely    as    the    National 

Poet    Riley   and   Ray  are   both 

sons  of  the  middle  west,  the  one 

of    Indiana,    the    other    Illinois. 

Each    was   "raised"    in   a   small 

town  and  each  was  a  real  boy  in 

whose  youthful   diversions  exer- 
cise in  an  "old  swimmin'  hole" 

played   a   never-to-be-forgotten 

part. 

"I  don't  act  it,"  Mr.  RaV  con- 

cj    ,       ,  .     J  ,      ,   ,  .         pHARLES  RAY  as  Ezra   in   "The  Old  Swimmin'  Hole",  based  on  Riley's 

bded  when   somebody   asked   him      ^  famous  poem.     A   Rny-Flrst   Nation 

the  secret  of  his  success  in  playing  the  part  of  Ezra,  the  barefoot, 
mischievous,  but  lovable  boy  who  is  the  central  figure  in  the 
picture.  "I  simply  live  over  again  many  scenes  of  my  own  boy- 
hood. It  seems  only  yesterday  that  I  was  going  down  the  meadow 
path  to  the  old  creek.  And  the  little  school-house  came  back  to 
me  vividly,  as  if  I  were  still  making  life  a  burden  to  the  teacher." 
In  Riley's  poems  and  in  Kay's  pictures  are  such  strains  in 
common  as  Americanism  undefiled,  humanness  unadulterated,:  un- 


affected naturalness,  the  pure  atmosphere  of  the  soil,  and  t 
homely  philosophy  of  youth.  It  is  no  wonder  that  in  produci; 
this  classic  on  the  screen  the  actor  should  be  satisfying  a  loii 
cherished  ambition,  for  Riley  has  always  been  Ray's  favor: 
poet. 

There  is  no  story  in  the  original  poem  and  there  is  no  co 
nected  plot  in  the  film.  But  the  production  in  the  main  is  faithf 
to  Riley.  It  pictures  a  series  of  incidents  in  the  every-day  e 
perience  of  an  American  small  town  boy,  typical  and  re 
bloodeded,  visualizing  for  the  city  youth  the  life  among  t 
grass-roots  in  inland  America  as  this  life  never  was  pictur 
before.  The  picture  cannot  but  draw  the  poet's  spirit  closer 
the  understanding  of  students  than  no  end  of  study  of  t: 
printed  page  could  possibly  do.  Some  scenes  will  be  foui 
undesirable  for  non-theatrical  use,  such  as  the  theft  of  tl 
Ion  from  the  grocer's  shop  and  perhaps  a  scene  or  two 

the  schoolroom  in  which  disi 
spect  is  shown  t9  the  teacher.  Tl 
idea  of  disobedience  to  parer 
should  also  be  eliminated,  as  wf 
as  the  forging  of  a  note  fro 
Ezra's  mother  to  his  teacher. 

To  obtain  a  suitable  "crick"  \ 

old    Spanish    grant    in    southei 

California  had  to  be  leased.    T 

spot    selected    looks    for    all    t 

world  like  the  very  "old  swimmii 

hole"  of  which  Riley  sang.    Evt 

the    bullrushes,    the    "cattails    ) 

tall"  and  "the  old  sickamores"  a 

"thare."  Greenfi'eld,  Indiana,  whei 

the    poet    was    born,    and    whe 

homage  almost  reverential  is  pa 

to  his  memory,  found  the  pictui 

so  true  to  the  life  that  when  it  w^ 

shown  at  a  local  theater  the  may 

issued  a  proclamation  declaring! 

I  attracton.  holiday    for   two    afternoons    a  I 

inviting  all  the  school  children  of  the  county  to  be  his  guests. 

A  point  in  which  The  Old  Swim-m-in'-Hole  is  unique  is  1 ' 

complete  absence  of  sub-titles,  the  first  feature  picture  ever  p 

duced  in  which  virtually  the  only  explanations  offered  are  c^ 

matog^'aphic.     Reviewers  unanimously  hailed  with  delight  t]} 

bold  departure  ffom  precedent.     One  of  them  declared  thatji 

"marked  an  epoch."  "This  play  without  titles,"  observed  a  M 

York  City  newspaper,  "is  so  well  handled  that  one  does  not  mt 


14 


t|;  titles  at  all."  Thus  in  a  literal  sense  this  film,  entirely  cinema-  the  lover  is  a  relative  of  her  own  and  that  love  and  care  and 
OTaphic  as  it  is,  satisfies  the  demand  voiced  by  Professor  Erskine  home  await  her. 

4  Columbia  University  for  a  poem  to  be  placed  before  the  ^^^  direction,  photography,  and  continuity  are  excellent.  The 
cildren  "simply  as  art."  As  the  photoplay  critic  of  the  New  f "'  '"  well-selected,  paticularly  the  orphan  girls,  whose  acting 
,   ,  „.  ,     ,         .     .     .    ,,  ,  .        ,  .  has  all  the  spontaneity  of  reality.    People  who  loved  Mary  Carey 

trk  limes  conunented,  there  is  m  it    somethmg  that  says  there  :„  ,u     u     i,       n  u  .u  .■  c   j      -.i    »»•      m       .«      ■, 

I  6  /"  m  the  book  will  be  more  than  satisfied  with  Miss  Mae  Marsh  s 

ja  motion  picture  art  as  well  as  a  'fillum'  industry."  delineation  of  the  role  which  is  so  realistic  in  character  that  it 

I'Just  plain  boy"  was  the  theme  of  the  verses,  the  inspiration  ^''''  ^'"  "^^  friends  for  bo;h  Miss  Marsh  and  Mary  Carey, 
the  picture.    The  poet,  the  actor,  each  had  been  that.     Each       '^^^  *'"'*''  *="'^  ^^  desirable:  Reel  1— View  of  Mary  hanging 

from  the  window,  taken  inside  the  room.    Reel  3 — As  Mary  exits 
from  room  with  trousers  until  seen  on  stairs  with  trousers  on  her 


■ealed  the  character  with  the  skill  of  a  master,  the  one  with 
pen,  the  other  before  the  camera,  for  he  was  treading  familiar 
lund. 


FILM  LESSONS  ON  "CITIZENSHIP  BUILDING" 


New    California    Producing    Company    Testing    Screen    Series    in 
Local   Schools  Before  Entering  National  Field 

ANEW  film  producing  unit  in  the  non-theatrical  field  which 
holds  forth  promise  of  real  achievement  is  the  F.  S. 
Wythe  Pictures  Corporation,  of  437  Sutter  Street,  San 
Francisco,  its  chief  activities  at  present  centering  on  the  produc- 
tion and  testing  of  a  series  of  thirty  short  motion  picture  subjects 
known  as  Film  Lessons,  Series  1,  on  Citizenship  Building.  This 
important  new  film  course  in  civics  comprises  the  following: 


7ZRA    and    his    boy    companions    about    to    take    a    plunge    in    "The    Old 
■■  Swimmin'  Hole".     One  of  the  eflective  scenes  in  this  unique  photoplay 
■itliout  titles.     A  Ray-First  National  attraction. 
« 

B|li        Elftt 

MARY  CAREY  APPEARS  AS  "NOBODY  S  KID" 
By  Mabel  G;  Foster 


I 


AMERICANIZATION 

1  Twentieth  Century  Pilgrims 

2  The    Process   of   Americanizing 
CITIZENSHIP   AT    HOME    (I) 

3  Service 

4  OI)edienee 

5  Thrift 

6  Health 
CITIZENSHIP  AT  SCHOOL 

(") 

7  The  School  Beautiful 

8  School  Discipline 

9  School    Industries 

10  Working  with   Civic   Organiza- 

tions 

11  Serving   the    Commimity 
ORGANIZED  SOCIETY  (III) 

12  Need  for  Law  and  Order 

13  Voting 

li  Legislation 

15  Explaining   and   Enforcing   the 
Law  ' 


16  Social    Obligations   of   Society 

17  Markets 

18  Banks 

19  Money,  Credit   and   Business 

20  Piihlic  Opinion  and  the  Author- 

ity of  the  People 

WORLD  AND  NATIONAL 
CIVICS    (IV) 

21  International   Relations 

22  How   the   Federal   Government 

acts 

23  Civil   Rights 

24  What  Our   Flag  Stands   For 

SUPPLEMENTAL    (V) 

25  Inrnnigration 

26  Naturalization 

27  How   Cities   are   Governed 

28  Children  and  the  Law 

29  The   Constitution 
80  Capital  and  Labor 


UCH  water  has  run  under  the  bridge  since  Kate  Langley 
.i,.j_  Bosher  limned  for  us  the  pathetic  and  amusing  figure  of       The  booklet  issued  by  the  company  states  that  "the  editor  and 
j       Mary  Caey.     This  whimsical  and  lonely  little  person  has  contributing  authors  of  all  film  and  printed  text  and  episodes 
^.achieved  a  screen  renaissance  which  harmonizes  with  and  portrayed  are  authorities  in  their  highly  specialized   callings."' 
.1  intensifies  the  original  word-picture.  The  editorial  staff  Consists  of  C.  A.  Stebbins,  of  the  United  States 

ilary  Carey,  the  active-minded  and  ingenious  problem  of  the  B"'^^"  of  Education,  editor;  John  Collier,  of  New  York,  author;' 
thanage,  belongs  to  an  earlier  era  than  Pollyanna— an  era  be-  Fi^ederick  Littleton,  of  the  Bureau  of  Naturalization ;  Arthur  H.' 
i'.we  had  learned  to  expect  our  juvenile  rural  heroines  to  be  Chamberlain,  Educational  Director  of  the  American  Society  for 
H  in  the  face  of  every  misfortune  and  disaster.    Mary,  mis-  '^^^"ft;  Prof.  Thomas  H.  Reed,  of  the  University  of  California; 

ted  and  longing  for  love  and  family,  is  not  glad;  rather  she  *"'^  ^"^''''^  ^"''''^  Wilbur,  of  the  California  Supreme  Court.   Mr. 

ften  sad,  mad— and  even  bad.     In  fact,  her  chronically  mili-  ^ythe,  president  of  the  company,  is  a  well  known  practising 
attitude  toward  the  powers  that  be  does  not  commend  the  '^"oraey  of  San  Francisco. 
Ii  as  a  children's  picture.     Grown-ups,  however,  may  safely       The  statement  is  made  in  the  booklet  that  Film  Lessons  are  a 
'•\  in  the  delightful  comedy  of  the  orphans'  various  diversions  teaching  aid,  are  supplemental  to  textbooks,   are  concrete,  and 

II,  be  it  said,  invented  by  the  resourceful  Mary :  the  hen's  fun-  that  the  course  is  pedagogical.     The  pictures  are  being  shown 
I,  the   grand    wedding,    and   other    diversions.     There    is    no  by  appointment  and  explained  without  cost  by  a  lecturer  before 

on,  moreover,  why  grown-ups  should  not  rejoice  over  Mary's  local  superintendents  and  boards  of  education  in  California. 

sries  over  the  cruelty  and  hypocrisy  practised  upon  defense-       "Wf     •  .     j  .  c  n-    ^         .-    1      .     ,-.  i.r       .      r 

,  ,       .  '  ., ,     r        1    .         ,,  .  "cic«c  ^g  intend  to  confine  our  eft  oris  entirely  to  California  for 

1  orphans  by  those  responsible  for  their  well-being.  ,l„  „„„,  r„  ,.     „  i..      w?  ..  ..      ,     ,,  .  .        « 

•^  6  ttie  next  lew  months,     Mr.   Wythe  writes  to  this  magazine,     as 

I  he  slender  thread  of  story  which  runs  through  the  book  has  we  want  to  test  our  product  thoroughly  with  actual  school  use 

M  sympathetically  handled  arid  as  much  made  of  it  as  possible,  locally,  before  engaging  in  a  national  campaign.     We  have  in- 

lerine  Trent  comes  to  the  orphanage  to  stand  between  the  troduced  a  series  of  films  which  we  have  prepared  for  civics  in 

lians  and  their  superintendent;  Mary  patches  up  the  misunder-  the  Oakland  schools,  and  expect  to  have  them  working  in  other 

'ding  between  Katherine  and  her  lover,  finding  finally  that  cities  of  the  state  T**ithin  the  next  few  weeks." 


15 


1 


RELIGIOUS 


¥1 


HOW  I  MAKE  GOOD  WITH  MOVIES  IN  MY  CHURCH 

Plan  Costs  $25  a  Night  to  Operate,  But  Collections  Average  More 
Than   $50 — Details   of   Equipment 

By  Rev.  Frederick  H.  von  der  Sump 

Trinitarian    CongreKiitioniU    Clmrcli,    New    Bedford,    Mass.* 


I  USED  to  have  from  75  to  100  of  my  good  people  at  the 
evening  service  and  I  was  not  satisfied.  I  tried  the  moving 
pictures.  My  service  is  made  up  of  hymns  from  the  screen, 
prayer  and  sermon.  The  church  seats  750.  Almost  every 
night  I  turn  crowds  away.  I  have  run  this  program  for  two  win- 
ters. It  is  a  wonderful  thing.  I  reach  many  people  with  my 
sermons  and  it  is  all  building  up  a  strong  interest  in  the  church. 
The  morning  attendance  is'  also  growing  as  a  result.  Many 
people  say  that  they  came  to  the  evening  service  first  for  the 
pictures,  but  continued  for  the  sermons. 

The  plan  is  financially  successful.  It  costs  $25  a  night  to 
operate,  but  the  collections  average  over  $50.  I  have  so  many 
inquiries  about  our  use  of  the  moving  picture  in  church  work 
that  I  have  prepared  the  following  answers  for  the  purpose  of 
helping  my  brethren  in  the  ministry  and  churches  everywhere 
who  are  trying  out  the  moving  pictures  or  are  contemplating 
introducing  them. 

I  am  using  a  Powers  Projector  (Nicholas  Power  Co.,  90  Gold 
Street,  New  York).  It  is  a-  very  satisfactory  machine.  I  use  a 
Johns-Manville  Asbestos  booth,  inclosed,  fireproof,  that  meets  all 
insurance  regulations.  (Johns-Manville  Co.,  Boston  and  New 
York.) 

How  I  Get  My  Films 

At  first  I  obtained  films  through  the  Community  Motion  Pic- 
ture Bureau.  They  gave  good  service.  I  am  now  obtaining  my 
films  from  the  film  exchanges,  direct,  going  into  Boston  and  sign- 
ing contracts  with  them.  You  can  do  this  by  mail  with  your 
nearest  center  where  your  local  theaters  get  theirs.  I  have  found 
the  different  companies  very  courteous  and  ready  to  help  me. 
My  films  cost  me  anywhere  from  $10  per  feature  to  $25,  depend- 
ing on  the  star  and  the  company.  Some  companies  will  give  you 
any  star  they  have  for  $10  or  $15,  others  charge  more.  You 
must  deal  with  them.  If  you  do  not  charge  admission  (you  may 
take  a  collection)  you  are  not  competing  with  the  theaters,  and 
therefore  the  film  exchanges  can  give  you  a  better  rate. 

In  selecting  films  I  send  to  the  National  Board  of  Review  of 
Motion  Pictures,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City,  for  their 
lists.  Get  any  recommendations  you  can.  Study  the  business, 
you  will  soon  learn.  I  use  any  feature  that  has  a  clean  whole- 
some story.    Here  are  some: 

Anne  Pennington  in  Sunshine  Nan,  5  reels  (Famous  Players- 
Lasky). 

Jack  Pickford  in  Sandy  (Famous  Players-Lasky). 

Mary  Pickford  in  Rebecca  of  Sunnybrook  Farm  (Famous  Play- 
ers-Lasky ) . 

Ethel  Barrymore  in  Our  Mrs.  McChesney  (Metro). 

Bert  Lytell  in  The  Spender  (Metro). 

Harold  Lockwood  in  Tfic  Great  Romance  (Metro.) 

Tom  Moore  in  A  Man  and  His  Soul  (Metro). 

Forbes  Robertson  in  Passing  of  the  Third  Floor  Back  (First 
National ) . 


'Tht  KxpoiUor. 


These  are  a  few.  I  do  not  depend  on  the  picture  to  maki 
service. 

The  order  of  service  is  as  follows:  7:00,  Hymn  from  scJ 
Invocation,  followed  by  Lord's  Prayer.  Hymn  (screen).  Seij 
(fifteen  to  twenty  minutes).  Picture,  collection,  hymn  {\ 
screen),  benediction.  It  takes  two  hours.  The  atmosphei 
the  service  is  beautiful  and  helpful  and  the  singing  inspiratii 
I  use  the  old  substantial  hymns  of  real  spiritual  culture,  no 
jazz. 

How  I  Finance  My  Plan 

In  financing  the  project  your  first  cost  depends  on  local . 
ditions,  machine,  booth,  wiring,  screen.  (I  use  a  cotton  1 
screen.)  Cost  of  film,  operator,  music,  hymn  slides.  These  1 
I  have  an  operator  in  my  church  and  he  is  training  others, 
one  of  your  men  learn  the  game.  It  is  simple.  My  film- 
me  from  $10  to  $25  and  organist  $5.  Such  advertising,  el( 
you  may  wish  to  do.  Collections  range  about  $50,  depei 
on  class  you  work  among.  Any  audience  of  700  should  givft 
that.  I  use  it  every  Sunday  evening.  I  take  it  as  a  servi< 
itself  and  give  them  a  straightforward  gospel  right  fron* 
shoulder. 

You  may  be  interested  in  an  experiment  tried  Sunday  evr 
April    18.     Packed   house.      I    asked    all    who    belonged   t( 
parish  to  raise  their  hands.    Then  all  who  belonged  to  any 
parish  in  the  city.     They  did,  then  I  asked  those  who  bel( 
to  no  church  or  parish  in  the  city.     There  were  fully  150  hi 
I  will  conduct  my  service  for  the  150  and  feel  it  time  well  si' 

w  w 

K.  C.  PILGRIMAGE  TO  ROME  AND  METZ 

A    FILM  entitled  The  Knights  of  Columbus  Pilgrimage  to 
and  Meiz  was  shown  Easter  Sunday  evening  at  Luna  Th 
Lafayetle,    Indiana,    under   the    auspices    of    Lafayette    Co 
Knights  of  Columbus,  for  the  members  of  the  council,  theii 
lives  and  friends. 

The  six  reels  were  taken  last  August  by  this  Catholic 
organization.  The  picture  shows  Marshals  Foch  and  Petai 
the  unveiling  of  the  statue  of  General  Lafayette,  whici 
donated  to  the  French  government  by  the  Knights  of  Colu 
The  picture  covers  various  ceremonies  in  connection  wit 
day's  program  and  views  of  Metz,  one  of  the  strongholds  4 
German  army  during  the  late  war.  j 

The  film  also  includes  a  number  of  excellent  interior  vio) 
the  Vatican  at  Rome  and  of  its  beautiful  gardens  and  gro 
Scenes  of  the  interview  granted  the  Knights  of  Columbus 
by  Pope  Benedict  XV  and  views  of  the  pope  celebrating  > 
in  the  Vatican  chapel  are  interestingly  depicted.  The  V 
chapel  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  most  exquisite  works 
in  existence.  Many  other  points  of  interest  in  Rome  are  1 
in  the  film. 


2 


16 


:  jrT^t 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


"THE  FAITH  HEALER" 

By  Glen  Visscher 


"FOLLOWING  the  vogue  created  by  the  immense  success  of 

4  The  Miracle  Man  comes  the  screen  version  of  the  late  Wil- 
liam Vaughn  Moody's  play  The  Faith  Healer.  This  picture 
lacks  the  great  humanness  and  appeal  of  the  Frank  Packard 
try,  but  it  does  point  a  sign  of  the  times. 
fhe  Faith  Healer  just 
^sses  being  especially  ef- 
rtive  pictorially,  or  con- 
King  dramatically.  But 
iically  the  message  it  car- 
is,  or  endeavors  to  convey, 
!  the  beautiful,  simple 
(ching  of  God-with-us;  the 
|;  -  old,  ever  -  new  hope, 
lough  inspiration,  that  God 
iide  His  children  healthy 
jd  happy,  that  "sin  and 
ffering  were  never  or- 
:ined,"  and  that  by  faith 
J.  innocent  victims  of  their 
<*  n  ignorance  of  Divine 
todness  can  be  blessed  and 
laled.  "Ask,  and  ye  shall 
Ceive,"  believe  and  ye 
•all  be  saved,  is  the  mes- 
!ge  of  the  film. 
Several  New  Testament 
i^ssages  are  quoted  as  sub- 
jles,  and  the  story  incorp- 
ates  suggestions  of  parallel 
enes  in  the  life  of  the  Gali- 
an  prophet,  such  as,  "Suffer 
tie  children  to  come  unto 
e,"  the  forgiveness  of  a  repentant  woman  who  has  erred,  as 
;11  as  scenes  of  healing  by  prayer  and  faith.  Then,  too,  the 
oning  of  the  Faith  Healer  by 
e  crowd  that  have  come  to  ask 
s  blessing  is  reminiscent  of  the 
lapters  in  Acts  which  narrate 
e  stoning  of  Stephen,  the  first 
nristian  martyr. 
Mary  Beeler,   the  young  wife 

a  well-to-do  countryman,  is  a 
ilpless  and  supposed  -  to  -  be 
jpelessly  incurable  invalid,  who 
mnot  walk.  She  and  her  hus- 
md,  who  is  almost  in  despair, 
•turn  home  from  a  consultation 

physicians,  in  the  city.  Mrs. 
eeler,  as  a  type,  is  the  most 
jpealing  figure  in  the  picture, 
^autifully  portrayed  by  Fon- 
ine  La  Rue. 

Mary  has  a  niece,  Rhoda,  who 

working    against    her    aunt's 


Ann  PonesL  a^  MiltDn  Sills  m  a^  Geo.  Melfoid  Pwdacuoa 
'THE  FAITM  HEALER.*  A  PaiamoUGt  PlCtUie 


VjILTON  SILLS  and   Fontaine  LaRue  In   "The  Faith  Healer", 
for  the  recovery  of  the  invalid  mother. 

17 


wish  to  give  iher  a  home.  Rhoda  is  young,  innocent,  confiding; 
she  wants  love,  as  so  many  romantic  girls  do.  She  thinks  she 
has  found  it  when  Dr.  Littlefield  promises  her  marriage,  but 
neglects    to    have    this    important    ceremony    performed    before 

ensnaring  the  girl. 

Following  an  all  -  night 
party  (Littlefield  and  Rhoda 
motor  into  the  country  and 
stop  at  a  roadhouse  for 
breakfast.  Here  Rhoda  first 
sees  the  Faith  Healer,  who 
had  been  a  simple  shepherd. 
He  performs  his  first  miracle 
and  Rhoda,  touched  by  a 
goodness  she  doesn't  under- 
stand, turns  from  a  life  of 
sin.  Returning  to  her  invalid 
aunt,  she  begs  that  the  Faith 
Healer  be  allowed  to  heal 
her.  But  Matthew  Beeler,  the 
husband,  has  no  faith  in 
such  things.  He  has  sent  for 
other  physicians. 

They  arrive  on  a  certain 
morning,  after  the  Faith 
Healer,  who  has  been 
smuggled  into  the  house  by 
Rhoda,  in  spite  of  her  uncle's 
opposition,  has  prayed  for 
and  healed  Mary  Beeler  who 
appears  on  the  scene,  almost 
as  one  resurrected  from  the 
dead. 

This  wonderful  news  gets  abroad,  and  great  crowds  come  seek- 
ink  help.     But  the  disciple  of  Christ  suddenly  becomes  merely 

human;  he  has  fallen  in  love 
with  Rhoda;  hears  that  she  is 
"unworthy";  meats  her  seducer, 
and  the  black  passions  of  hatred 
an  dlust  to  kill  wrack  his  soul, 
taking  the  place  of  divine  love 
and  peace.  He  lays  violent  hands 
on  Dr.  Littlefield  who  denounces 
the  Faith  Healer  as  a  "faker." 
His  power  seems  to  leave  him, 
indeed;  he  fails  to  save  the  life 
of  a  baby,  held  out  to  him  by 
a  beseeching  mother,  and  the 
multitude  that  have  come  to  wor- 
ship turns  into  a  mob  that  stones 
him.  Mary  Beeler,  her  little 
girl,  and  Rhoda  defend  him.  He 
forgives  Rhoda,  ceases  to  fear 
human     love,    and    regains    his 


He  prays 


power  to  heal.  Rhoda  it  is  who  points  out  that  his  high  mission 
musl  be  lived  up  to,  as  the  lame  and  the  sick  once  more  appeal 
to  him.     He  turns  to  them  in  the  power  of  love. 

The    Failh    Healer.      Distributed    by    Famous    Players-Lasky    Corporation.      5 
reels. 


PROGRAMS 


cCENE  from  George  Melford's  production  "The  Faith  Healer".     He  tallfs 
'-'  to  the  villagers  about  the  blessings  which  flow  from  faith  and  prayer. 


"DEVASTATED  FRANCE" 

THIS  series  of  motion  pictures  discloses  present-day  condi- 
tions in  the  enemy-invaded  regions  of  the  Aisne  Valley  in 
northern  France.  Before  the  war  this  was  a  great  industrial 
region,  with  many  ooal  and  iron  mines  and  a  vast  agricultural 
area  under  cultivation.  The  center  of  the  woolen  and  ootton 
industries,  it  also  produced  much  of  the  world's  beet  sugar.  To- 
day all  this  territory  is  a  wilderness.  Factories  have  been  razed, 
mines  flooded,  fruit  trees  destroyed  and  agricultural  interests 
abandoned.  The  American  Committee  for  Devastated  France,  of 
which  Miss  Anne  Morgan  is  vice-president,  has  been  assisting 
former  inhabitants  to  start  life  anew. 

The  films  depict  the  ruins  of  towns  and  farms,  families  living 
in  dugouts,  temporary  living  quarters,  and  inadequate  housing 
conditions. 

The  committee  has  fifty-seven  tractors  which  it  loans  to  forty- 
seven  groups  of  farmers  called  syndicates,  and  has  established 
stores  where  natives  can  purchase  tools,  farming  implements,  and 
household  supplies  at  wholesale  prices.  The  committee  has  es- 
tablished a  public  health  service  which  has  given  such  valuable 
aid  that  two  French  nurses  have  been  sent  here  to  study  American 
health  methods.  Upon  their  return  to  France  they  will  teach 
other  French  nurses  American  methods  of  community  health 
service.  These  American  scholarships  have  been  financed  by  Miss 
Morgan's  committee.    These  activities  are  covered  in  the  films. 

The  pictures  show  welfare  work  in  the  devastated  region  and 
how  morale  was  established  by  these  self-sacrificing  Americans 
who  have  lived  and  worked  among  the  inhabitants  for  the  past 
four  years.  The  films  make  a  touching  yet  subtle  appeal  for 
aid  for  industrial  France  from  industrial  America.  The  series 
consists  of  seven  reels,  each  subject  complete  in  itself. 

Dermliileil  Frrmrr.  DiBlrihiitcil  by  American  Committee  for  Devastated 
France,   IS  Knirt  »«th  Street,  New  Vorlc.     7  reels. 


MiKTION  FICTIRK  PKO.IKCTOR  FREE!  Read  how  you  can 
gel  «n<- — pajte  24  of  thi.s  isstiiv 

TWO  .Sl'KCIAL  SfHSCKIITION  OFFERS!  Mnffazim-  ami  I^osc- 
I,c(if  Catnloff.  «  nionth»,  .*8;  :i  riionths,  $1.«0.  Read  about  Catalog  and 
Infuriiintion  Service,  \m^e  2il  of  this  issue. 


INDEPENDENCE  DAY  PROGRAM 

WHERE  THE  SPIRIT  THAT  WON  WAS  BORN— GoWzoi/» 

Historic  spots  in  Philadelphia. 
THE  DECLARATION  OF  INDEPENDENCE— Com»»i«nify 

Motion  Picture  Bureau,  46  W.  24  St.,  New  York. 

Well-selected  players  react  the  famous  scene  of  the  Signing. 
NATIONAL  REVIEW  NO.  5— International  Committee 

Y.  M.  C.  A.,  347  Madison  .\ venue.  New  York. 

Boys   and   girls   view   scenes   and  objects   of   Revolutionary 

association  including  the  Declaration  of  Independence, 

PATRIOTIC  PROGRAM 

MY  OWN  UNITED  STATES— S.  H  Boynton,  1514  Temple 
Bldg.,  Chicago,  111. 

Edward  Everett  Hale's  "A  Man  Without  A  Country",  fea- 
turing Arnold  Daly. 

CIVIC  REFORM 

THE  FIGUREHEAD— Se/ec«. 

Fighting  the  "rum  crowd"  in  city  politics.   Featuring  Eugene 
O'Brien. 

PRISON  REFORM 

THE  HONOR  SYSTEM— i^ox 

Dramatic  contrast  of  tlie  old  and  new  prison  systems. 

NEW  JERSEY  STATE  imiSON— Community  Motion  Pic- 
ture Bureau 

Wliere  inmates'   work  benefits  both  their   families   and   the 
public. 

PAINT   UP— CLEAN  UP  CAMPAIGN 

BEAUTIFYING  THE  COMMUNITY— iVa«onaZ  Cash  Beg-        i 

ister  Co.,  Dayton,  Ohio. 

Plant  and  shrub  planting  In  suburban  neighborhoods. 
THE  HOMEKEEPING  OF  31U— Community  Motion  Picture      2 

Bureau 

A  man  finds  new  interest  in  life  through  cleaning  up  and 

painting  up. 

SANITATION 

THE  HOUSE  ¥L.y— Carter  Cinema  Co.,  220  W.  42nd  St.,  % 

New  York 

The  fly  as  a  disease  carrier. 
KEEPING  A  GREAT  CITY  CLEAN— Bureau  of  Commercial      1 

Economics,  Washington,  D.  C. 

CHILD  WELFARE 

OUR  CHILDREN— 17.  S.  Dept.  of  Labor,  -Washington,  D.  C.      2 

How  the  Government  cooperates  with  the  parent  in  raising 

healthy  children. 
THE  PRICELESS  GIFT  OF  HEALTH— lForc«»«er  Film  1 

Corp.,  145  W.  45th  St.,  New  York. 

Preventive  care  vs.  neglect  and  their  bearing  on  the  future 

of  infants. 
MEDICAL  INSPECTION  IN  RURAL  SCHOOI^— /?a;7ii6»7»       1 

and  Publicity  Bureau,  Department  of  Trade  and  Commerce, 

Ottawa,  Canada. 
FOOD  FOR  REFLECTION— Sta<««  Relation  Service,  U.  8.         1 

Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 

How  to  serve  hot  school  luncheons. 

WOMAN'S  CLUB  PROGRAM  (RECREATIONAL) 

ALONG  THE  RIVERIA— Fotooms  Players— {]i\irion  Holmes)     1 
Scenic  beauties  of  the  Mediterranean  coast  of  France. 

MAMMA'S  AFFAIR— f't>s<  National  5  i 

Radcliife  prize  play  with  Constance  Talmadge  and  several 
of  the  original  cast. 

JUVENILE  PROGRAM 

THE  PRINCESS'  NECKLACE— A'iein«  4  t 

Fairies   and  gnomes,   a  little  girl's  broken   doll  and   a   fine 
lesson  the  child-mlnd  can  grasp. 

DINKLING  OF  THE  CUiCVS— Educational  Film  Exchange)      1 
Dolls  play  circus. 

GIRL'S  CLUB  PROGRAM 

GIRLHOOD — Kineto  Review  No.  27.  Kineto  Company  1 

Health-pronioting  pastimes  for  girls. 

THE  MONARCH  BUTTERFLY— Carter  Cinema  Co.,  220  W.     1 
42  Street,  New  York. 

From  the  laying  of  the  eggs  to  the  emergence  of  the  butter- 
fly from  tlie  chrysalis. 

THE  SNOH—Redlart  5  r 

A  young  girl  learns  tlie  deep  lesson  of  service. 

MEN'S   CHURCH   CLUB   PROGRAM    (RECREATIONAL) 

FL/VMING  ICE—  Robertson-Cole  1 

Through  the  crevns.ses  of  a  North  American  glacier. 
WHAT  FORM  iMEANS  TO  AN  ATHLETE.— AT/ein*  >/, 

Valuable  material  on  subject  of  especial  interest. 
HOMER  COMES  UOUV.— Famous  Players-Lasky  5  r 

Making  good  in  the  business  world.    Featuring  Charles  Ray. 
RAISE  THE  RENT— fa(fc«  i 

Comedy  trials  of  house-hunting  strikes  a  sympathetic  chord. 


18 


INDUSTRIAL 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 


^T-c 


1       ^^' 


DEVELOPMENT  OF  THE  ART  OF  WRITING 

rjl  HE  Development  of  the  Art  of  Writing  from  the  Egyptian 
,J.  Hieroglyphs  5000  B.  C.  to  the  Palmer  Writing  Method 
j        1921  A.  D. 

The  very  title  of  this  picture  arouses  one's  curiosity  and  desire 
to  see  it  and,  although  only  1000  feet  in  length,  there  is  embraced 
}the  development  of  writing  from  the  cuneiform  characters  of 
^ancient  civilization  to  the  English  alphabet  of  today.  The  film 
begins  with  Egyptian  hieroglyphics.  This  form  of  written  com- 
fmunication  is  credited  to  Atioles,  son  of  Meues,  about  5000 
'B.  C,  who  left  his  messages  for  future  generations  carved  on 
stone  tablets.  Pictures  of  hieroglyphs,  and  the  similarity  of 
Hierotic  characters  and  an  abbreviated  form  of  hieroglyphs,  are 
i^own.  The  Phoenicians,  whose  alphabet  was  derived  from  the 
.Egyptians,  were  a  powerful  influence  in  early  Greek  and  Latin 
•civilization,  and  this  is  evident  in  the  Greek  and  Latin  alphabets 
[from  which  the  English  alphabet  was  derived. 

This   research   work  has  been   carefully   visualized   by   charts 
and    animated    drawings   from   the   Egyptian    collection    in    the 
Metropolitan  Museum,  New  York.    Reproductions  of  clay  tablets, 
'  papyrus  and  vellum  rolls  show  the  influence  of  Egypt  in  Phoeni- 
cian, Greek,  Latin,  and  Anglo-Saxon  writings. 
'     Animated  drawings  show  the  technical  details  of  the  Palmer 
'  method  and  the  entire  absence  of  muscular  action  of  hand,  arm, 
'  and  back  when  in  correct  writing  position ;    also  the  cause  of 
muscular  fatigue,  the  result  of  incorrect  position.     The  film  de- 
I  picts  adults  and  children  using  the  Palmer  method  at  their  desks 
and  blackboards  in  the  New  York  public  schools. 

This  interesting  educational  picture  has  been  produced  by 
Charles  Raymond  Thomas,  Inc.,  for  the  A.  N.  Palmer  Company, 
and  is  to  be  used  for  the  instruction  of  teachers  and  students 
throughout  the  United  States. 

!■     W 
N.  R.  D.  G.  A.  INDUSTRIAL  FILMS 

'T'HE    following  films   distributed  by   the   Research   and   Information 
Department  of  the   National   Retail  Dry  Goods  Association   to   its 
members  have  been   loaned   to   tliat   department   by   various  industries 
which  supply  department  stores  with  merchandise: 

•  Coat-TaiU,  2  reels;  manufacture  of  men's  suits;  Hickey  Freeman 
Company.  Cotton,  3  reels;  gathering  of  raw  cotton  and  manufacturing 
processes  to  the  finished  cloth;  .\moskeag  Manufacturing  Company, 
Manchester,  X.  H. 

A  Square  Deal  for  His  Wife,  2  reels;  domestic  difficulties  of  a  young 
couple,  unable  to  obtain  an  efficient  servant;  problem  solved  by  pur- 
chasing electric  household  appliances;  Western  Klectric  Company, 
New  York. 

The  Ideal  ^Va>/,  1  reel;  manufacture  of  fountain  pens;  L.  E.  Water- 
man Company,  New  York. 

Orange  Industry,  1  reel;  Southern  California  Fruit  Growers  Asso- 
ciation, Los  Angeles. 

Manufacturing  Felt  Hats,  1  reel;  John  B.  Stetson  Company,  Phila- 
delphia. 

From  Calves  to  Kiddies,  1  reel;  manufacture  of  Billiken  shoes; 
McElroy-Sloan  Shoe  Co.,  St.  Louis. 

From  Cocoon  to  Spool,  2  reels;  manufacture  of  silk  thread;  Corti- 
celli  Silk  Mills,  Florence,  Mass. 

Straight  Ooods,  manufacture  of  table  silver;  Holmes  &  Edwards. 

Romance  of  Veils,  2  reels;  manufacture  of  veils  and  laces;  Van 
Raalte  Company,  New  York. 

Woolens,  3  reels;  Amoskeag.  Penny-tcise  in  Idle  Hours,  various 
uses  for  sealing  wax  and  crepe  paper;  Dennison  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, Framingham,  Mass. 


•THE  WHITE  BOTTLE" 

THE  New  York  State  Milk  Conference  Board  is  distributing  a 
two-reel  picture  entitled  The  White  Bottle,  which  depicts  the 
value  of  milk  as  a  food  and  health-builder.  Prints  have  been 
sold  to  boards  of  health  of  other  states  to  be  used  in  local  terri- 
tory. The  film  instructs  adults  about  the  value  of  milk  in  the 
diet  of  children  and  teaches  the  younger  generation  in  a  convinc- 
ing allegory  that  milk  is  superior  to  other  beverages. 

It  is  a  story  about  a  romantic  love  affair  which  starts  in  a 
'"co-ed"  college.  The  heroine  after  her  graduation  becomes  a 
governess  to  two  untrained  children  of  wealthy  parents.  At  the 
first  meal  in  her  new  capacity  she  discovers  that  her  youthful 
charges  refuse  to  drink  milk,  and  she  makes  a  mental  resolution 
to  overcome  their  prejudice.  Her  former  admirer  of  college  days 
finds  her  employed  as  companion  and  teacher  to  a  little  boy  and 
girl.  Together  they  construct  a  fairy  story  about  The  Magic 
Milk  Castle  which  they  tell  the  children. 

The  allegory  is  visualized  as  the  tale  is  told  about  the  Milk 
Fairy  and  her  guests  who  live  in  the  castle:  Rosabelle,  the  cream 
fairy;  Chubby  Butter,  who  is  always  busy  making  children  fat; 
Susie  Sugar;  the  fairies  Protein  and  Vitamine  who  make  them 
grow;  and  Billy  Lime,  who  produces  strong  teeth  and  bone  for 
children  that  drink  this  wonderful  beverage.  The  Milk  Fairy 
opens  wide  the  door  of  the  milk  bottle  Castle  in  order  to  display 
the  cheese  and  condensed  milk  stored  within  and  beckons  to  an 
attendant  to  bring  out  a  large  freezer  of  ice  cream  from  which 
she  invites  the  children  to  help  themselves. 

The  picture  was  produced  by  the  Harry  Levey  Service  Corp- 
oration, New  York. 

NEW  ASBESTOS  AND  SULPHUR  FILMS 
TT^HE  Story  of  Asbestos  and  The  Story  of  Sulphur  have  been 
prepared  for  public  distribution  by  the  Bureau  of  Mines,  4800 
Forbes  Street,  Pittsburg,  Pa.  The  asbestos  film  in  six  reels  was 
prepared  in  cooperation  with  Johns-Man ville.  Inc.,  and  illustrates 
in  detail  the  methods  employed  in  the  mining  of  asbestos  in 
Arizona  and  Quebec.     It  also  shows  fabrication  processes. 

The  sulphur  film  was  produced  in  cooperation  with  the  Texas 
Gulf  Sulphur  Company  and  shows  in  detail  methods  of  produc- 
tion, storage,  and  transportation.  It  was  produced  by  Rothacker 
Film  Manufacturing  Company. 

ELECTRICAL  MECHANISM  TAUGHT  BY  FILM 

■KJORTH  EAST  EQUIPMENT,  a  two  reel  instructional  picture, 
^  \  is  being  exhibited  by  the  North  East  Electric  Company  of 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  to  the  personnel  of  their  400  service  stations, 
who  are  required  to  inspect  and  repair  the  electrical  mechanism 
of  automobiles.  Through  the  medium  of  technical  animation 
the  pictures  explain  the  principle  under  which  the  electrical 
device  operates  and  show  with  graphic  clearness  the  salient 
features  which  are  unique  in  the  company's  equipment.  The  film 
is  also  being  used  to  leach  car  owners  the  proper  care,  of  elec- 
trical equipment,  and  is  frequently  loaned  to  the  mechanical  and 
electrical  departments  of  New  York  state  universities,  Y.  M.  C. 
A.'s,  and  vocational  schools.  These  technical  pictures  were  pro- 
duced by  the  Bray  Studios,  New  York.  •    i  - 


19 


"THE  LIVING  WORLD" 

(Continued  from  page  IS) 

which  reappear  from  generation  to  generation.  The 
transmission  of  such  qualities  from  parent  to 
offspring   is  called   "Heredity". 

Thus  the  hen  produced  a  chick — 

— Not  a  pigeon — 

— Nor  a  turltey — 

— Nor  a  duck. 

This  is  the  e.s.sence  of  "HEREDITY,  that  certain 
characteristics  of  the  offspring  are  transmitted 
from   some  pre-existing  life. 

One  final  cliaracteristic  of  all  life  is  that,  however 
the  organism  may  thrive,  there  comes  a  time  when 
all  processes  cease  and  the  living  thing  dies. 

'The  life  span  varies  from  a  few  hours  to  many 
years. 

The  adult  May-fly  lives  but  for  a  day. 

The  giant  red  woods  have  withstood  the  elements 
of   more  than   two   thou.sand    years. 

But  whether  short  or  long,  there  comes  a  time 
when  all  vital  functions  cease — the  organism  is 
dead. 

The  great  tree  falls  in  the  forest. 

But  among  its  roots  is  growing  up  another  gen- 
eration   to  take   its   place. 

The  seeds  of  the  faded  flower  retain  the  power 
to   duplicate    the    parent    a   hundred   fold. 

REEL  FOUR 

Protoplasm  is  the  meeting  ground  of  two  oppos- 
ing forces.  One  force,  called  Katabolism,  tends 
to  tear  down  and  produce  activity  witli  release 
of  energy. 

The  otlier ,  force  called  Anabolism  is  constructive 
and  tends  to  build  un  new  Protoplasm  from  non- 
living   matter    and    thus    restore    ENERGY. 

The  combination  of  these  two  forces  is  termed 
METABOU.SM. 

We  are  now  prepared  for  our  definition  of  life 
"Life  is  the  name  which  we  apply  characteristic 
phenomena-actual  or  latent  based  upon  the  Meta- 
bolism   of   a   prota    complex" — H.    B.    Torrey 

Life  processes  demand  a  favorable  combination 
of  physical  and  chemical  conditions  in  order  to 
proceed.     Seeds   deprived   of  oxygen  will   not  grow. 

Plants  or  animals   robbed  of  water  cannot  live. 

Just  hold  your  breath  a  moment  and  you  will 
realize  you  t(K)  need  oxygen 

At  high  temperatures  life  ceases  due  to  coagu- 
lation  of  the   Protoplasm. 

At  low  temperatures  life  ceases  or  becomes  dor- 
mant. 

It  is  only  within  a  limited  range  of  the  ther- 
mometer that  life  phenomena  exist  and  it  is  within 
a    lesser    range    that    life    exists    abundantly. 

When  pliysical  conditions  are  not  favorable  to 
active  life,  certain  organLsm  become  dormant — 
thus   a   cold   frog   appears   lifeless. 

But  gradually  warmed  the  frog  resumes  its 
active  life. 

Seeds  offer  an   example  of  donnant  life. 

Moisture,  warmth  and  oxygen  are  all  that  the 
dormant   seed    require. 

A  weeks  growth   shown    in  ten   seconds. 

All  life  processes,  however  simple,  occur  only 
with  release  of  energy  obtained  by  destruction 
of    living   tissues. 

The  violent  activities  of  life  occur  only  with 
rapid   destruction   of   living  tissues. 

We  have  seen  tlmt  life  may  be  recognized  only 
through  the  composition  characteristic  activities  of 
organisms— it  now  remains  for  us  to  sliow  the 
source  from  which  such  vital  activity  is  derived. 

An  understanding  of  this  subject  demands  a 
certain  knowledge  of  the  fundamental  laws  of 
cliemistry. 

First:  All  CHEMICAL  REACTIONS  OCCUR  ONLY 
WITH    RELASE    OR    ABSORPTION    OF    ENERGY. 

Second:  Tliis  energy  may  l)e  nmnifested  as  heat, 
as  liglit  or  electricity  alone  or  in  combination. 

Carbon  from  the  wax  unites  with  oxygen  from  tlie 
air  to  form  carbon-dioxide  and  release  ENERGY 
— thus:— 

In  the  same  way  hydrogen  from  the  wax  unites 
with  llic  oxygen  from  the  air  to  fonn  water  and 
release  ENERGY— thus:— 

The  .study  in  rapid  combination  of  carbon  and 
hy<lrogen  from  the  wax  with  oxygen  from  the  air 
results  in  a  mass  of  burning  luminous  gases  which 
we  recognize  as  candle  flame— such  a  PHENOM- 
ENON   is  termed   COMBUSTION. 

REEL   FIVE 

The  carbon-dioxide  from  the  flame,  drawn  through 
lime  water,  changes  the  clear  solution  to  a  milky 
white. 

Tlie  clouding  of  lime  water  is  an  unfailing  test 
for  cnrlKin-dioxide  and  will  l>c  used  again  In 
this   demonstration. 

The  water  vapor  in  a  candle  flame  may  be  con- 
densed   against   a   cold   surface. 

The  energy  tif  the  candle  flame,  applied  to  a 
delicate  machine,  may  he  utilized  to  perform 
mechanical   work. 

This  series  of  phenomena  may  lie  summarized 
thus:  The  chemical  coinbinntlim  of  carbon,  hy- 
drogen and  oxygen  releases  energy,  which  may 
be  applied  to  perform  mechanical  work.  By-prod- 
acts  of  this  reaction  are  cartxm-dioxide  and  water 
which   escapes    Into   the   air. 

This  is  chemistry  as  it  applies  to  mm  living  tilings. 
We  shall  now  see  how  these  chemical  laws  apply 
equally  to  living  things. 


Tile  energy  of  living  things  is  derived  from  a 
process  of  slow  internal  combustion  very  similar 
to  tlie  process  in  a  candle  flame. 

For  example;- -Plants,  such  as  yeasts,  mushrooms, 
roots  and  germinating  seeds  may  l>e  shown  to 
absorb  oxygen  and  release  carbon-dioxide.  Our 
example   is  the  yeast  plant. 

The  whitened  lime-water  again  provides  a  test 
for  carbon-dioxide. 

Water  vapor  in  abundance  is  transpired  from  the 
leaves  of  plants  and  may  be  condensed  upon  the 
cold  glass  of  a  bell  jar. 

The  energy  released  by  this  internal  combustion 
properly  applied  may  be  utilized  to  perform 
mechanical   work. 

In   animals  oxygen   enters  the  body. 

The  carbon  and  hydrogen  of  the  body  proto- 
plasm unite  with  the  oxygen  of  the  air  to  perform 
carbon-dioxide    and    water    with    release    of    energy. 

Air  from  the  lungs  whitens  lime-water  and  proves 
the   presence    of    carbon-dioxide    in    the   breath. 

Air  from  the  lungs,  blown  against  a  cold  surface, 
condenses,  and  proves  the  presence  of  water  vapor 
in  the   breatli. 

The  energy  released  by  this  internal  combustion 
may  iye  used   to  perform   mechanical   work. 

It  is  fully  estalilished  that  all  vital  activities 
are  dependent  upon  the  ENERGY  released  during 
tlie  internal  combustion  of  carbon,  hydrogen,  and 
other  elements  derived  from  the  breaking  down  of 
suKstances   within    living  tissue. 

The  term  RESPIRATION  is  applied  to  the  pro- 
cess by  which  oxygen  is  supplied  for  this  internal 
combustion  while  the  waste  products,  carbon-di- 
oxide  and   water   are   removed. 

RESPIRATION  occurs  in  all  living  protoplasm 
whether   plant    or   animal. 

RESPIRATION"  occurs  equally  in  light  and  dark- 
ness. 

RESPIRATION  supplies  the  oxygen  by  which 
K.-VTABOLIS.M  is  sustained  and  discharges  waste 
products,  carbon-dioxide  and  water  resulting  from 
this  process. 

KATABOLISM  destroys  living  tissue  and  reduces 
weight. 

KAT.\BOLISM  reduces  sugar  to  carbon-dioxide 
and  water. 

KATABOLISM  releases  energy  to  sustain  vital 
activity. 

KATAEOLI.SM  is  thus  a  consuming  ,and  des- 
tructive process.  It  breaks  down  the  complicated 
compounds  of  food  and  protoplasm  into  simpler 
substancer,  and  releases  the  energy  which  sup- 
ports  life 

RESPIRATION  supplies  the  oxygen  which  this 
process  requires  and  removes  the  waste  products 
carl)on-dioxidc  and  water  which  result  from   it. 

When  the  candle  wax  has  been  consumed,  the 
flame  dies  for  lack  of  fuel. 

Plants  and  animals  would  also  rapidly  con.sume 
tlieir  substance  and  die  except  that  the  new  tissue 
is  built  up  (US   rapidly  as  old   tissue   is  destroyed. 

The   steam   engine  continues  to  do  work — 

Because  energy  is  constantly  supplied  in  the 
form   of  fuel. 

In  the  living  thing,   work  proceed.s — 

Because  food  substance  is  constantly  supplied 
from    which    to    recon.struct    the    wasted    ti.ssue 

Food,  is  any  substance  whicli  m,ay  enter  and 
become  part  of  the  living  substance  of  the  body. 
There  are  three  general  kinds  of  food. 

All  of  these  sub.stances  are  manufactured  by 
green  plants  from  non-living  substances  in  the 
earth  and  soil.  No  animal  has  power  to  manu- 
facture  food  from   such  substances. 

REEL    SIX 

The   manufacture   OF    FOOD. 

The  manufacture  of  Food  is  directly  connected 
with  the  green  coloring  matter  of  typical  plants. 
This  subs-tance  is  a  clieniical  called  CHLOROPHYLL 
which  may  be   extracted  with   alcohol. 

Leaves  deprived  of  chlorophyll  are  quite  color- 
less. 

The  chloropliyll  of  green  plants  ABSORBS  EN- 
ERGY FROM  THE  SUNLIGHT  and  produces  a 
chemical  cliange  by  which  carbon-dioxide  from  the 
air  combines  with  water  from  the  soil  to  form  sugar 
and   oxygen,   tliu.s — 

Tlie  manufacture  of  sugar  by  plants  in  the 
presence  of  sunlight  is  termed  PHOTOSYNTHESIS 
(light  combining).  Tliis  process  occurs  only  in  the 
green  cells  of  plants. 

PHOTOSYNTHESIS  occurs  only  in  the  chloro- 
phyll  grains  of   plant  cells. 

PHOTOSYNTHESIS  niainifactures  food  and  in- 
creases   weight. 

PHOTOSYNTHESIS  nlisorbs  carbon-dioxide  and 
water  to  form   sugar, 

PHOTOSYNTHESIS  combines  carbon-dioxide  and 
releases   oxygen. 

PHOTOSYNTHESIS   stores   energy. 

PHOTOSYNTHESIS  is  thus  a  constructive  pro- 
cess. It  absorbs  solar  energy  to  manufacture  sugar 
from  simple  substances  and  thus  stores  energy 
in   the   form   of   foinl. 

Green  plants  in  .sunlight,  thus  return  oxygen 
to  the  atmosphere  wliicli  the  respiration  of  both 
plants    and    iinimals    has    removed. 

Careful  estimates  show  that  sixty  square  yards 
of  green  leaf  surface  arc  required  to  generate 
the   oxygen    breathed   by   one   man   in    one   day. 

The  liberation  of  oxygen  by  plants  may  be 
readily  demonstrated  .  W.iter  plants  are  placed  in 
the  mouth  of  an  Inverted  water-Ailed  tube. 

In  the  sunlight,  oxygen  is  generated  and  escapes 
as  tiny  bubtiles. 

The  glowinc  aplintcr,  thrust  into  the  tube,  burats 

20 


I 


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into  flame  and  proves  the  presence  of  oxygen. 

Further  chemistry  within  the  plant  results  In 
the  combinatiuii  of  sugar  with  salts  from  the  soil 
to  form  carlM)liytlrates.  fats  and  protelds,  parts  of 
which  become  living  protoplasms. 

Such  a  process  stores  up  solar  energy  In  the  form 
of    complex    fix)d    compounds.      The    internal    com- 
bustion   of    such    food    by    living    things    releases    a 
■  corresponding    amount    of    energy    to    support    vital 
activities. 

A  portion  of  the  food  manufactured  by  a  plant 
is  used  to  support  the  vital  activities  of  the  plant 
itself. 

But  the  activities  of  plants  are  not  intense  and 
the  destruction  of  tissue  and  release  of  energy  i* 
Dot   great. 

■  The  excess  of  food  is  stored  In  leaves,  tubers, 
bulbs  and  .seeds  where  it  becomes  available  as 
food    for    animals. 

Plants  thus  become  the  great  conservers  of  solar 
fiuTgy  stored  In  tlie  form  of  foods. 

In  animals,  the  activities  are  often  intense  and 
involve  great   release  of  energy. 

.\nlmals  renew  their  energy  by  feeding  on  plants — 

Or  they  feed  upon  animals  which  have  fed  upon 
plants. 

Animals  are  thus  the  great  releasers  of  solar 
^ergy  which   plants  have  stored  as  food. 

And  thus,  the  food  supply  of  animals  and  plants 
ultimately  depends  upon  the  quiet  chemistry  which 
proceeds  wherever  green  living  plants  are  exposed 
to  sunlight  and  air. 


;  C.  H.  MOORE  DIRECTS  NEW  FILM  CO. 

■  /">  H.  MOORE  has  been  appointed  execu- 
;  ^*  tive  director  of  the  Division  of  Motion 
•  Pictures  of  The  Dayton  Photo  Products  Com- 
pany. This  organization  will  shortly  make 
;  public  announcement  of  some  startling  in- 
;  novations  in  the  fields  of  film  production  and 
!  motion    picture   projection. 

Mr.    Moore    was    originally    associated    with 
t   the  house   of   Pathe.     During   the   war  period 
.   he  had  charge  of  the  motion  picture  activities 
of   the    Ordnance    Division,    War    Department, 
:   Washington,  D.  C.     He  afterwards  acted  in  a 
similar  capacity  in  the  Division  of  Educational 
Extension,  Department  of  the  Interior,  Wash- 
ington   D.    C.      Leaving    the    services    of    the 
government    he    became    associated    with    the 
Community   Motion  Picture  Bureau 


STATEMENT  OF  THE  OWNERSHIP,  MANAGE- 
MENT, CIRCULATION.  ETC.,  REQUIRED  BY  THE 
ACT  OF  CONGRESS  OF  AUGUST  M,   191«, 

Of  Edicational  Film  Magazine  published  monthly 
at  White  Plain.s,   N.   V.,  for  April  1,   1»21. 
State  of  New  York  ) 

County  of  New  York      (       ss. 

Before  me,  a  Notary  Public  In  and  for  the  State 
and  county  aforesaid,  personally  appeared  Dolph 
Eastman,  who,  having  been  duly  sworn,  according 
to  law,  deposes  and  says  that  he  is  the  owner  of 
the  Educational  Film  Magazine,  and  that  the  fol- 
lowing is,  to  the  be.st  of  his  knowledge  and  belief,  a 
true  statement  of  tlie  ownership,  management  (and 
is  a  daily  paper,  the  circulation),  etc.,  of  the  afore- 
said publication  for  the  date  shown  in  the  above 
caption,  required  by  the  Act  of  August  24,  1912, 
embodied  in  section  448,  Postal  Laws  and  Regula- 
tions, printed  on  the  revrese  of  this  form,  to  wit; 

1.  That  the  names  and  addresses  of  the  publisher, 
editor,  managing  editor,  and  business  managers 
are:  Publisher,  Dolph  Eastman,  33  West  42nd 
Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Editor,  Dolph  Eastman,  33 
West  42nd  Street.  New  York,  N.  Y.;  Managing 
Editor,    None;    Business   Managers,   None. 

2.  That  the  owners  are:  (Give  names  and  ad- 
dresses of  Individual  owners,  or.  if  a  corporation, 
give  its  name  and  the  names  and  addresses  of  stock- 
holders owning  or  holding  1  per  cent  or  more  of  the 
total  amount  of  stock.)  Dolph  Eastman,  33  West 
42nd  Street,  New  York.   N.  Y. 

3.  That  tlie  known  bondholders,  mortgagees,  and 
other  security  holders  owning  or  holding  1  per  cent 
or  more  of  total  amount  of  bonds,  mortgages,  or 
other  securities  are:   None. 

4.  That  the  two  paragraphs  next  above,  giving  the 
names  of  the  owners,  stockholders,  and  security 
holders.  If  any,  contain  not  only  the  list  of  stock- 
holders and  security  holders  as  thye  appear  upon 
the  books  of  the  company  as  trustee  or  in  any  other 
tlduclary  relation,  tlie  name  of  the  person  or  corp- 
oration for  whom  such  trustee  is  acting,  is  given ; 
also  that  the  said  two  paragraphs  contain  state- 
ments embracing  affiant's  full  knowledge  and  belief 
as  to  the  circumstances  and  conditions  under  which 
stockholders  and  .security  holders  who  do  not  ap- 
pear upon  the  books  of  the  company  as  trustees, 
hold  stock  adn  securities  in  a  capacity  other  than 
that  of  a  bona  fide  owner;  and  this  affiant  has  no 
reason  to  believe  that  any  other  person,  association, 
or  corporation  has  any  Interest  direct  or  indirect  in 
the  said  stock,  bonds,  or  other  securities  than  as 
so  stated  by  him. 

(Signed)     DOLPH  EASTMAN. 
Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me  this  29th  day 
of  March,  1921. 

(Signed)     LELIA  M.  TINSLEY. 


A  Photoplay  for  Your  Church 

"Problems  of  Pin-Hole  Parish" 

by  Rev.  Qiarles  E.  Bradt,  D.  D. 

A  six  reel  picture  with  a  powerful  mes-" 
sage,  portraying  some  of  the  greatest  teach- 
ings of  the  Bible.  Write  now  for  particulars! 
The  World  Missionary  Drama  League,  pro- 
ducers, Dept.  A,  1813  Stevens  Bldg.,  17  N. 
State   St..  Chicago,   HI. 


w 

A    N 

T 

E    D 

Negatives  of  Scenic,    Educational,    Religioui 
and  Travel  Subjects.     Also  used  prints  In  any 
quantity.     State  footage   and   condition. 

Daniel 

J. 

Goff 

3139  Indiana  Ave. 

Chicago,  111. 

2  Special  Offers: 

(Just   io  vuike  you  acquainted) 

Educational  Film  Magazine 

and  our 

Loose-Leaf  Catalog  Service 

6  nios.  $    50   Magazine   3  mos.  $  .25 
6  nios.     2  50     Catalog     3  mos.     1.26 

$3.00       Total  $1.60 

Mail  your  check  or  money  order 
NOW 

Educational  Film  Magazine 

1217  Aeolian  Hall,  New  York  City. 


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for 

Rental 
and 
Sales 
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sition. 

These  beautiful  songs  are  being  received  with  great  enthusiasm 
and  appreciation,  and  declared  to  be  the  finest  closing  feature  for 
church  film  program. 


ALL  AROUND 

WITH  THE 

CAMERAMAN 

Issued  bi-monthly — each  reel 
including  from  five  to  ten 
subjects — and  no  subject  over 
250  feet  in  length. 

\griculture — Horticulture — Industry — Travel — Science — etc. 

We  can  supply  the  educational  films  you  need. 

ATLAS  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  CO. 

1113  S.  Boulevard,  Oak  Park  (A  suburb  of  Chicago) ,  111. 


• 


Just  added  to  our  library 

THE  STREAM  OF  LIFE 


THE  COURTSHIP  OF 
MYLES  STANDISH 


Mr.  Preacher:  A  pastor  had  40  decisions  for  Christ 
after  running  one  of  our  religious  Super-Specials. 
You  can  have  the  same  results.  We  have  the  largest 
library  of  religious  films  ever  gathered  together  in 
one  place. 

Mr.  Educator:  Get  a  list  of  our  subjects — suitable 
for  entertainment,  and  class  room  work. 

Mr.  Non-Theatrical  Exhibitor:  We  can  supply  your 
needs,  because  we  have  the  Non-Theatrical  view- 
point. Please  your  audiences  and  avoid  embarrass- 
ment by  running  New  Era  Films. 


Projectors,  Screens  and  Operatora  Furnished 

THE  NEW  ERA  FILMS 

21  EAST  7th  street  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


21 


HELPFUL  NEW  "Y"  2-REELER 
'T'HE  Chicago  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Hotel  and  its  activities  are  depicted 
in  a  two  reel  drama  produced  to  arouse  interest  in  liie  hotel's 
facilities  and  service  to  young  men  who  are  strangers  in  the  city. 
It  is  a  story  about  a  young  man  from  the  country  who  arrives 
in  Chicago,  seeking  a  position  and  a  home.  In  his  wanderings 
about  the  city  he  is  approached  by  many  undesirable  acquaint- 
ances, who  offer  suggestions  and  a  desire  to  help  him  find  work 
and  a  place  to  board.  Investigating  the  boardmg  houses,  whose 
addresses  have  been  furnished  by  casual  acquaintances,  he  be- 
comes disgusted  and  discouraged,  but  a  friendly  newsboy  helps 
him  solve  the  problem  by  telling  him  to  "Just  beat  it  over  to 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Hotel.  You  c'n  hit  de  hay  for  four  bits  and  de 
grub's  fine." 

He  acts  upon  the  suggestion  and  procures  a  room  at  the  Y. 
The  following  day  the  Social  Service  Bureau  of  the  Y.  helps 
him  find  a  position.  His  new  employer  advises  him  to  attend 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  night  school.  He  does,  and  earns  his  reward 
by  rapid  advancement  in  business  and  the  promise  of  a  good 
future.  Scenes  in  the  hotel  and  school  were  made  in  the  Y. 
building  and  the  film  has  been  exhibited  in  Chicago  theaters,  but 
it  is  available  for  all  Y.  M.  C.  A.'s,  churches,  or  welfare  organiza- 
tion interested  in  the  problem  of  young  men. 

Ml        \M> 

EDUCATIONAL-INDUSTRIAL  THEATERS  PLANNED 
IT'DUCATIONAL  theaters  with  programs  consisting  of  all 
■^  classes  of  educational  pictures  including  travel,  nature 
studies,  news  weeklies,  screen  magazines,  and  industrial  films  are 
being  organized  and  promoted  by  advertising  clubs,  and  bankers 
in  New  York,  Chicago,  Pittsburg  and  Detroit.  Harry  Levey, 
president  of  the  Harry  Levey  Service  Corporation,  is  an  active 
member  of  this  organization  committee. 


1 


NEW  FRENCH  FILMING  OF  THE  BIBLE 
nnHE  foreign  correspondent  of  the  Film  Library  Service  has 

just  submitted  a  report  to  Henry  Bollman,  president  of  the 
company,  describing  what  is  thought  to  be  the  most  elaborate 
filming  of  the  Bible  which  has  yet  been  attempted. 

Leading  French  actors  and  actresses  are  in  the  cast,  perhaps 
the  most  prominent  one  being  Mrs.  Elena  Leonidoff.  In  some 
of  the  large  scenes  8,000  people  are  said  to  be  engaged. 

In  addition  to  being  a  magnificent  production,  the  films  con- 
stitute an  extremely  accurate  presentation.  There  are  ten  episodes 
totalling  8,000  meters,  or  22  reels.  The  longest  of  the  episodes 
is  The  Song  of  Songs  which  runs  to  1600  meters.  The  episodes 
are  titled  as  follows:  Adam  and  Eve;  Cain  and  Abel;  Noah  and 
the  Deluge;  The  Tower  of  Babel;  Abraham;  The  Destruction  of 
Sodom;  Esau,  Jacob  and  Rachel;  The  Story  of  Joseph;  Exodus 
of  Moses;  Book  of  Ruth;  The  Song  of  Songs.  ■ 


MOTION    PICTURE    PHOTOGRAPHY 

A    COMPLETE   COURSE 

A  practicable,  usable,  standard  treatise 
for  both  the  professional  cinematographer 
and  those  without  experience.  About  500 
pages — 400  pages  of  text  and  100  pages 
of  illustrations — by  New  York  Imtitute  ef 
Photography. 

Edited  by  Lieut.  Carl  L.  Gregory,  F.  K. 
P.  S.,  Qiief  Instructor  in  Cinematography 
for  the  Government  Signal  Corps  School 
of  Photography,  at  Columbia  IJniTersity, 
with  special  chapters  by  Charles  W.  Hoff- 
man, celebrated  Feature  Photographer, 
and  by  Research  Specialists  of  the  East- 
man Kodak  Co. 

T>DTm?  <ttA  f\f\  MONEY  REFUNDED 
r  KlCHi  g&O.UU  if  not  satisfied  with 
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CONDENSED  COURSE  M 

Motion  Picture 
Photography 

5T-1J 

Dept.  5—145  W.  36th  St.,  N.  Y. 


terms  on   request. 


'The  narrow  width  standard  projector 
is  quite  unique  iti  the  matter  of  size.  It 
is  the  smallest  and  lightest  really  prac- 
tical and  substantially  built  motor  driven 
projector  we  liave  ever  examined."— 
Moving  Picture   World,  June  6,  1920. 


COSMOGRAPH 

IMPROVED 

MODEL  SS-2 

PORTABLE     PROJECTOR 
For  safety  standard,    non-inflammable  narrow-width  film 

Equipped  with  100  watt,  25  volt  lamp  and  special 
optical  system,  giving  even  greater  screen  brilliancy 
than  the  usual  1000  watt  motion  picture  lamp. 

LIGHT  —  COMPACT  —  PORTABLE 

We  also  manufacture  other  models  for  regular 
standard  and  safety  standard  narrow-width  film. 

/(  will  pay  you  to  write  us  today. 

Department  E 

COSMOGRAPH  MOTION  PICTURE  MACHINE  CO. 

INCORPORATED 

General  Sales  Office: 
138  West  Seventh  Street,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  U.  S.  A. 


22 


g-SPECIAL  OFFER:  Magazine  and  Catalog,  6  months,  $3;  3  months,  $1.50.  Send  Trial  Order  NOV 


You've    been    waiting  for  this  great    service     NOW    Your    Film     List 
a  long,   long  time.    At  last  your  patience  is  being     .,,...     ..  ^    ..^  ^^ 

rewarded      ^     . , ^'"  Always  Be  UP  TO 

THE  MINUTE  


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tion Always  COMPLETE 
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SLIDE  INFORMATION  SERVICE   EVER  OFFERED! 

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attractive  features  make  this  Great  Reference  Book  a  valuable  addition  to  your  office  or  library. 

NEW  FILM,  SLIDE,  AND  EXCHANGE  LISTS  are  issued  every  few  weeks  to  replace  or 
add  to  the  information  already  in  your  Binder.  These  sheets  come  to  you  punched  and  ready  to 
slip  on  in  a  moment.  These  corrections  and  additions  keep  j'our  Catalog  and  Information  Ser- 
vice always  complete,  accurate,  and  up-to-the  minute.  It  cannot  grow  old  and  out-of-date  as  all 
Other  catalogs  and  handbooks  do. 
Sold  only  to  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  3IAGAZIIfE  Subscribers,   as  follows: 

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MAGAZINE,  and  for  five  years  receive  free  information  from  us  on  any  film,  slide,  projection  or 
equipment  problem.  Surely  that  is  well  worth  about  40  cents  a  month  to  ycu  I  Many  subscrib- 
ers say  the  magazine  alone  is  worth$t2a  year — so  think  of  the  tremendous  value  we  are  giving  you. 
Rev.  Dr.  E.  C.  Horn,  Pres.  Minnesota  State  Epworth  League,  Fairmont,  Minn.  Says :  "Every 
number  of  EDUCATIONAL    FILM    MAGAZINE  is  worth  the  price  of  a  year's  subscription." 

Present  paid-up  magazine  subscribers  may  obtain  the  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information 
Service  by  sending  us  their  order  with  $5,  or  may  renew  their  magazine  subscriptions  on  the 
above  terms. 

Fill  out  and  sign  the  Coupon  below  and  mail  TODAY — NOW — with  your  check,  money  or- 
der, or  registered  letter.    Don't  go  any  longer  without  This  Great  Service.     Write  for  it  NOW. 

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Enclosed  find  $ for  which  please  enter  MY  (OUR)   subscription  to  your    monthly    magazine 

and  your  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service,  for years,  beginning  with  the 

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ready,  and  your  service  is  to  continue  as  long  as  subscription  remains  paid-up. 

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ABSOLUTELY    FREE 

A  New 
Motion  Picture  Projector 

(ANY  MAKE  YOU  SELECT — State  name  of  machine  when  writing  to  us) 


as  a  premium  for  obtaining  for  us  group  subscriptions  to  Educational  Film 
Magazine  and  to  our  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service,  at  our  reg- 
ular rates  (Magazine,  $1   a  year;  Magazine  and  Catalog,  $6  a  year). 

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THIS   ASTOUNDING   OFFER 

and  we  will  show  you  how  easily  your  local  school,  church,  club,  hall,  factory, 
etc.,  may  possess  a  fine  new  motion  picture  projection  machine  without  spending 
one  cent. 

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24 


The  operator  may  be  inexperienced  and 
the  projection  machine  exposed,  but  the 
happy  youngsters  who  crowd  the  school 
room  are  safe  because  the  film  is  safe. 

EASTMAN 
SAFETY  FILM 

Identifiable  as  safe  throughout  its  entire 
length  by  the  words  "Eastman"  "Kodak" 
"Safety"  "Film"  stencilled  on  the  film 
margin.    - 


Furnished  in  two  widths.  Professional  Standard, 
\\  inches,  and  Safety  Standard,  Iro  inches- 
Eastman  perforation. 


EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY 

ROCHESTER.  N.  Y. 


Urban 
Popular 

Classics 


The   Living   Book 

of   Knowledge 

One  reel  motion  pictures  of  per- 
manent value. 

Edited    from  the    largest    library    in 

the   world  and  a  constant  addition   of 

new    material.  Their    variety    is    tre- 
mendous. 

Every  subject  capable  of  photographic 
treatment  is  included  in  their  two  main 
groups: 

J.  Kineto  Review 

In  one  reel,  devoted  to  one  subject  of 
history,  geography,  the  arts  of  all 
countries  and  many  other  interna- 
tional subjects.  (150  subjects  now 
available;  5  are  added  »very  ■week.) 

2.  Movie  Chats 

In  one  reel,  from  3  to  20  subjects,  like 

an  illustrated  lecture.  (75  Movie  Chats 
completed;  2  new  ones  each  week.) 

Each  group  includes  many  scientifie 
studies. 

Available  in  all  communities. 


Write  for  catalogue  and  details  about  procur- 
ing ttiem. 

H'e  alfo  produce  iiKlustrial-edinalioiial  pictures 
to  your  order. 


KINETO    CO.  OE  AMERICA 

INCORPORATI9P 


7  1    VV.  2:»rd  St. 


President^ 


M:W  YORK 


To  •nttrtain  and  arnuie  it  good 
To  do  both  and  inttruct  it  bttttr. 


-eat^'e  F 


iraiy 


■".^^^ 


EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 
MAGAZINE 

i/i*  International  Authority  of  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 


Edison,  Education, 
and  Movies 


niie  Church  Cinema 
in  Operation 

B3)   Re\).   M.   C.  Mackinnon 


^s^ational  Distribution 


f< 


or 


ISJon-Trieatrical  Films 


^iae  School  as  me  Neighborhood  Mo\)ie  Mneater 


By  DolpK  Eastman 


ANNOUNCEMENT 

To  All  Those  Interested  in  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 

AFTER  many  years  of  exhaustive  study  I  have  concluded  that  the  non-theatrical  film  business 
needs  a  national  organization  of  exchanges  with  all  of  the  facilities  of  distribution  and  ex- 
ploitation used  in  the  regular  theatrical  field,  as  well  as  specially  constructed,  safe  and  sane  motion 
picture  equipment. 

Consequently  I  have  founded  an  institution  known  as 

National  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Pictures,  Inc., 

which  is  being  thoroughly  organized  to  distribute  educational  and  entertainment  films  through  an 
efficient  system  of  completely  equipped,  exclusively  non-theatrical  exchanges  in  the  following  cities: 


ALBANY 

CLEVELAND 

MILWAUKEE 

PITTSBURGH 

ATLANTA 

DALLAS 

MINNEAPOLIS 

PORTLAND,  ME. 

BOSTON 

DENVER 

NEW  HAVEN 

ST.  LOUIS 

BUFFALO 

DES  MOINES 

NEW   ORLEANS 

SALT  LAKE  CITY 

CHICAGO 

DETROIT 

NEW  YORK 

SAN    FRANCISCO 

CHARLOTTE 

INDIANAPOLIS 

OKLAHOMA  CITY 

SEATTLE 

CINCINNATI 

KANSAS  CITY 

OMAHA 

WASHINGTON 

LOS  ANGELES 

PHILADELPHIA 

and  sub-exchanges  at  intermediate  points 
Our  initial  releases  include  over  400  non-theatrical  films  of  the  following  varieties: 


CLASSES  OF  FILMS 


SCHOOL  SUBJECTS 


Agriculturals 

Industrials 

Biblicals 

Instructionals 

Classics 

Juveniles 

Clinicals 

Scientifics 

Comedies 

Technicals 

Dramas 

Topicals 

Historicals 

Travelogues 

Agriculture 
Astronomy 
Biography 
Biologv 

Government 

History 

Home  Economics 

Health  and  Sanitation 

Chemistry 

Civics 

Geography 

Industry 

Physics 

Sociology 

Producers  of  films  suitable  for  non-theatrical  exhibition  now  have  a  definite  market  for  their  pro- 
ductions and  through  this  organization  can  realize  returns  on  their  negative  investment.  All  films 
submitted  will  receive  prompt  and  careful  consideration. 

If  you  are  interested  in  the  non-theatrical  field  and  can  appreciate  the  value  of  a  system  of  ex- 
changes stocked  with  a  great  variety  of  films  designed  for  non-theatrical  use,  backed  by  a  live  and 
experienced  exploitation,  publicity  and  research  organization,  write  or  wire. 

HARRY  LEVEY,  President 

National  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Pictures,  inc. 


232  West  38th  Street 


Dept.  E 

Telephonp:    Fitzroy   42().'» 


New  York  City 


riil)li-.li<-il  iiwiiillilv  liy  Noll  riifiitriiiil  liliii  i'lililislMTH.  liK-..  lit  White  I'liiiiH,  N.  \.,  .iml  3.1  West  I'.'nrl  Strrct  (Acciliall  Hall),  Ni-w  York  City.  (.Vililii'ss  all  ciini 
iiiiiiiiciitioiiK  to  N.  Y.  City  ofltoeit).  Siili-iiiiilimi:  V.  S.  iiiid  I'lmwHuimiH.  tl  ii  year:  (itlifr  fimiitrlc-i  ^i  ii  year;  niiiKle  i-oplen,  1.1  i-oiitd.  Knteri'd  »h  sei-onil  ila.w 
matin    l)ei-rinlM.T  a.   1»S«.  nt  tlie  dim!  <>fl\rc  at  Wlilti-  I'IhIiih.   N.  V..  miller  tlie  Act  nf  .March  .1.   1S7». 


EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 


1 1 1 1(  It  111  1 1 1 1  111  MltlU  mini  1 1 II 


IIHblislied  Monthly  by  Non -Tlieatrlcal  Film  Publishers,  Inc..  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  33  W.  42nd  Street.  New  York  City.  (.Address  all  communicntions  to  N.  Y. 
lity  oflic-es.)  DOI.PH  EASTM.^N,  Editor.  Subscription :  United  States  and  Pos.se.ssion.s  $1  a  year:  other  countries  $2  a  year;  single  copies  15  cents.  Eastern 
Ulvertising  Representatives:   H.   1).    Hascall  and   .Associates,   Times   Buildind.   U73  Broadway,   Nrjw   York:  Citv.     Western   Representative:   George   H.   Meyers,   Room 

920,  14  W.  Washington  Street,  Qiicago,  111.     Canadian  Representative:  Muriel 'K.'  J\ruc^,\  sV   Biee^ker.  Street;   TOrfjntiir,  Canadfv.. 

nn   nnnii^i.tinn  ,    »  ,       ,  , ,  [iipyHght,  J921,  bjf  Non^nMjjitrlcoI 'Film  Publishers,  Inc. 


Advertising   rates   on   application. 


M.  V. 


JUNE,  1921 


No.  6 


SDITORIAL   

Edison,   Education,   and   Movies 

iVANTED— EDUCATIONAL  FILM  CRITICS 

I  By   II.    E.   Kleinsclimidt.   M.D. 

CHOOL  BOARD  TESTS  REACTIONS  TO  HEALTH  FILMS.. 

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Trai'el 
W  elf  art 
Women 


No.  6 


EDISON,  EDUCATION,  AND  MOVIES 

THOMAS  ALVA  EDISON  "started  something"  when, 
following  a  "quiz"  of  college  graduates  who  applied 
to  him  for  jobs  in  his  electrical  establishment  at 
\  West  Orange,  New  Jersey,  he  declared  that  college 

pTien  are  ignorant  and  that  present  methods  of  schooling  are 
ill  wrong.  He  brought  down  upon  his  head  a  buzzing  bee 
[live  of  angry  educators  as  well  as  the  honied  commenda- 
lion  of  independent  thinkers  and  disillusioned  employers. 
Edison's  questionnaire  and  his  motives  appear  to  have 
been  misunderstood  or  misinterpreted  by  most  of  those  who 
have  commented  upon  the  "quiz",  the  failure  of  the  ap- 
plicants to  answer  correctly  more  than  a  third  or  half  of 
the  questions,  and  the  inventor's  strictures  upon  the  result, 
rhey  fail  to  appreciate  the  fact  that  Edison  was  not  testing 
the  memory  or  the  general  knowledge  of  all  sorts  of  things 
possessed  by  these  college  graduates  but  rather  was  ex- 
sxamining  and  experimenting  upon  them  to  determine  how 
well  developed  were  their  powers  of  observation;  what  in- 
terest they  took  in  men  and  matters,  national  and  world 
affairs;  whether  they  read  books,  newspapers,  and  mag- 
azines, or  went  to  the  theater  or  the  movies;  in  short,  to 
learn  by  indirect  rather  than  by  direct  inference  and  de- 
duction whether  these  men,  products  of  our  boasted  school 
and  college  system,  were  thinkers,  observers  and  doers  or 
mere  job-holders  without  serious  thoughts  or  ambitions. 

This  is  our  analysis  of  what  Edison  meant  by  propound- 
ing his  series  of  questions  many  of  which  were  of  an  ele- 
mentary character.  Of  the  first  seventy-seven  as  published 
in  the  New  York  Globe  the  writer  answered  seventy  briefly 
but  correctly,  without  consulting  any  reference  work,  and 
he  is  by  no  means  a  walking  encyclopedia.  The  point  to 
be  made  is  that  if  one  is  interested  in  men,  matters,  events, 
and  life  in  general  one  must  naturally  know  the  basic  or 
elementary  things,  and  must  also  know  where,  how,  and 
when  to  find  and  digest  many  other  essential  things  in  order 
to  become  truly  educated  or  cultured. 

Recently  both  Edison  and  H.  G.  Wells  have  repeated  the 
suggestion  which  both  had  offered  previously  on  several 
occasions,  that  educational  motion  pictures  pointed  the  way 
out  of  the  teaching  morass  into  which  traditional  school 


and  college  curricula  have  led  us.  The  British  novelist 
and  sociologist  has  lately  been  talking  and  writing  on  this 
subject  and  the  American  inventor's  views  are  familiar 
to  millions  of  his  countrymen.  This  would  seem  to  be  the 
psychological  moment,  to  use  a  trite  phrase,  to  quote  from 
an  interview  with  Mr.  Edison  which  was  published  in 
Educational  Film  Magazine  back  in  January  1919: 

I  paused  to  give  Mr.  Edison  time  to  catch  his  breath.  "What 
should  be  taught  in  the  school  and  oolege  films?"  was  my  next 
poser. 

"Anything  which  can  be  taught  to  the  ear  can  be  taught  better 
to  the  eye,"  flashed  back  Mr.  Edison  with  his  well  known  pen- 
chant for  aphorisms.  "1  know  of  nothing,  absolutely  nothing, 
which  the  film  is  not  capable  of  imparting  to  eyes  old  and  young, 
from  eight  to  eighty.  It  is  said  'the  eye  is  the  shortest  distance 
to  the  brain,'  and  that  is  true.  The  moving  object  on  the  screen, 
the  closest  possible  approximation  to  reality,  is  almost  the  same 
as  bringing  that  object  itself  before  the  child  or  taking  the  child 
to  that  object." 

A  few  ye^s  ago  1  had  read  a  statement  attributed  to  Edison 
that  "movies  would  take  the  place  of  textbooks"  and  1  asked  him 
if  he  still  believed  it. 

"Yes,"  he  replied,  without  hesitation.  "Film  teaching  will  be 
done  without  any  books  whatsoever.  The  only  textbooks  needed 
will  be  for  the  teacher's  own  use.  The  films  will  serve  as  guide- 
posts  to  these  teacher  instruction  books,  not  the  books  as  guides 
to  the  films.  The  pupils  will  learn  everything  there  is  to  learn,  in 
every  grade  from  the  lowest  to  the  highest.  The  long  years  now 
spent  in  cramming  indigestible  knowledge  down  unwilling  young 
throats  and  in  examining  young  minds  on  subjects  which  they  can 
never  learn  under  the  present  system,  will  be  cut  down  marvel- 
ously,  waste  will  be  eliminated,  and  the  youth  of  every  land  will 
at  last  become  actually  educated. 

.  .  .  "The  trouble  now  is  tliat  school  is  too  dull;  it  holds 
no  interest  for  the  average  boy  or  girl.  It  was  so  in  my  school- 
days and  it  has  changed  but  little.  But  make  every  classroom 
and  every  assembly  hall  a  movie  show,  a  show  where  the  child 
learns  every  moment  while  his  eyes  are  glued  to  the  screen,  and 
you'll  have  one  himdred  per  cent  attendance.  Why,  you  won't  be 
able  to  keep  boys  and  girls  away  from  school  then.  They'll  get 
there  ahead  of  time  and  scramble  for  good  seats,  and  they'll 
stay  late  begging  to  see  some  of  the  films  over  again.  I'd  like  to 
be  a  boy  again  when  film  teaching  becomes  universal. 

"Films,  of  course,  should  be  elaborate  explanations  of  text- 
books as  they  exist  today.  In  many  respects  they  will  go 
far  beyond  the  scope  of  the  printed  page;  they  will  be  able 
to  make  many  things  alive  and  real  which  now  are  dead  and 
meaningless  to  the  child.  Today  the  teacher  explains  on  the 
blackboard.  In  the  school  of  tomorrow  all  explanations  will 
be  made  on  the  motion  picture  screen.  Many  college  and  high 
schools  will  make  their  own  films,  as  a  few  do  now.  Pictures 
are  inevitable  as  practically  the  sole  teaching  method,  because 
words  do  not  interest  young  minds.  It  is  only  the  few  who  can 
(Continued  on  paf^e  4) 


3 


WANTED— EDUCATIONAL  FILM  CRITICS 

Producers    Seek    Intelligent    Psychological    Reactions    and    Skilful 
Suggestions  in  the  Hope  of  Approaching  Perfection 

By  H.  E.  Kleinschmidt,  M.D, 

In  charge  Graphic  Education,  American  Social  Hygiene  Association,  New  York 


THE  success  of  any  commercial  motion  picture  is  determined 
largely  by  the  exhibitor  who  is,  or  is  supposed  to  be,  the 
interpreter  of  the  tastes  of  the  public.  The  box  office  is  his 
chief  criterion,  and  his  findings  are  accepted  without  much 
question  by  the  producer.  In  evaluating  educational  pictures, 
especially  those  of  the  propaganda  type,  there  is  need  for  a  re- 
liable measuring  stick.  It  is  conceivable  that  a  film  built  upon 
sound  pedagogical  principles  may  be  a  failure  from  the  stand- 
point of  interest  creation,  while  another  which  proves  to  have 
a  very  popular  appeal  may  really  be  of  little  value  from  the 
educational  standpoint.  Of  the  straddling  type,  those  which 
contain  informative  material,  but  which  depend  upon  dramatic 
interest  to  "put  them  over,"  we  already  have  too  many. 

The  American  Social  Hygiene  Association  is  concerned  with 
an  exceptionally  difficult  problem,  namely,  the  dissemination  of 
knowledge  and  information  regarding  social  hygiene  and  venereal 
disease  prevention.  It  has  experimented  with  the  motion  picture 
as  an  educational  instrument  for  the  past  five  years.  Thus  far 
nine  pictures  have  been  produced,  and  most  of  these  are  enjoying 
some  popularity  and  wide  distribution,  chiefly  through  public 
health  channels.  One  of  these  films  has  been  shown  to  some 
three  million  soldiers  and  sailors,  and  perhaps  an  equal  number 
of  civilians  since  the  war,  nevertheless,  this  film  is  still  considered 
to  be  in  the  "experimental"  stage.  The  purpose  of  these  experi- 
ments, broadly  speaking,  is  that  of  determining  what  type  of 
motion  picture  would  be  most  suitable  and  serviceable.  As  the 
association  is  not  organized  for  profit  it  has  been  able  to  carry 
on  its  researches  consistently  with  little  regard  as  to  the  financial 
success  of  any  of  its  pictures.  As  the  experiences  thus  gained 
have  proven  invaluable,  these  suggestions  are  offered  to  others 
engaged  in  producing  educational  motion  pictures. 

In  the  production  of  its  motion  pictures  the  association  has 
found  the  criticisms  and  suggestions  of  others  most  helpful.  Not 
only  are  all  new  pictures  submitted  to  selected  groups  of  specially 
qualified  persons  for  merciless  criticism,  but  they  are  also  tried 
out  in  general  audiences,  and  an  attempt  is  made  through  trained 
observers  to  catch  the  remarks  and  secure  opinions  and  psycho- 
logical reactions  of  the  casually  interested.  In  this  way  it  has 
been  possible  to  secure  and  record  a  large  number  and  variety 
of  opinions  regarding  educational   motion  pictures. 

Are  You  a  Good  Bowler? 

Like  the  pin  boy  of  the  bowling  alley,  the  function  of  the 
producer  of  educational  motion  pictures  consists  largely  in  set- 
ting up  the  pins  and  then  inviting  or  challenging  others  to  knock 
them  down.  With  each  such  experience,  knowledge  necessary  for 
the  solution  of  a  difficult  problem  is  broadened  and  wits  are 
sharpened.  The  wise  producer  takes  liberties  with  the  rules  of 
the  ancient  game  of  bowls,  however,  and  endeavors  in  each  new 
attempt  so  to  set  up  his  pins  in  the  other  alley  that  greater  skill 
will  be  required  to  upset  them.  Fiy  this  is  meant  not  that  he  will 
s'.ullify  himself  or  his  art  striving  only  to  "play  safe,"  but  rather 
that  he  will  use  greater  foresight  and  skill  in  the  preparation  of 
his  film.  Unless  he  has  the  courage  to  do  and  to  dare,  he  cannot 
claim  to  be  what  a  producer  should  be — a  pioneer,  nor  may  he 
enjoy  the  thrill  which  comes  with  creation. 


«T 


i.lJ 

I 


Of  course,  every  man,  woman,  and  child  in  this  generation  fee 
qualified  and  called  upon  to  pick  flaws  with  the  movies,  littl 
understanding  or  realizing  the  rnultitudinous  technical  difficultie 
in  the  way  of  perfection,  and  the  producer  who  openly  invite 
comments  is  sure  to  reap  a  bountiful  harvest.  While  every  con 
ment,  however  trivial,  does  represent  a  human  reaction,,  reall 
worthwhile  criticisms  are  not  so  easily  drawn  out.  Moreovei 
tlie  comments  do  not  always  agree,  being  sometimes  diametrical  1 
opposed  to  each  other,  as,  for  instance,  in  referring  to  a  seen 
depicting  a  mother  who  had  but  recently  passed  through  th 
throes  of  childbirth,  one  critic  objected  that  the  mother  looke 
so  wan  and  exhausted  as  to  frighten  any  prospective  mothe 
who  might  witness  the  film,  while  another  critic  voted  for  th 
deletion  of  the  scene  because  the  patient  seemed  to  be  entire! 
too  robust,  cheerful,  and  carefree.  Because  he  is  merely  humar 
there  is  a  natural  tendency  on  the  part  of  the  producer  to  rii 
up  in  defense  of  his  work  when  it  is  attacked,  but  this  feelin' 
must  be  suppressed  if  helpful  suggestions  are  to  be  drawn  out 
Often,  of  course,  the  criticism  is  based  on  an  assumption  no 
well  founded  in  which  case  it  becomes  the  duty  of  the  produce 
to  explain  matters.  But  an  open  mind,  a  receptive  attitude  mus 
always  be  maintained  even  in  a  justifiable  rebuttal.  The  stam" 
patter  will  never  succeed  in  obtaining  the  true  opinions  of 
critics.  And  he  who  invites  criticisms  but  betrays  by  hint 
action  that  what  he  really  wants  is  endorsement  or  praise, 
sure  to  be  disappointed. 

Intelligent  Film  Critics— and  Others 
It  is  our  policy  to  weigh  carefully  every  comment  whethe 
expressed  verbally  or  in  writing;  whether  made  directly  o 
through  indirect  channels,  considering  also  the  authority  whenct 
it  came  and  any  circumstances  which  might  have  influenced  thij 
critic.  If  the  criticism  or  suggestion  appears  to  be  sound  it  ii 
promptly  acted  upon  or  studied  further  by  inviting  more  com. 
ment.  The  association  is  indebted  for  critical  help  to  some 
the  country's  foremost  representatives  of  their  several  vocations 
psychologists,  educators,  dramatists,  laboratory  technicians 
(Continued  on  page  5) 


EDISON,  EDUCATION,  AND  MOVIES 
(Continued  from  page  3) 
concentrate  on  abstract  things,  and  it  must  always  be  rememberei 
that  education  is  for  the  many,  not  for  the  few.  Films  will  teaci 
one  thousand  times  better  and  more  quickly  than  the  present  sys 
'  The  most  technical,  the  most  complex  themes,  theoriei 


tem 


and  concepts  can  be  taught  understandingly  on  the  motion  pictun 
screen." 

Two  and  a  half  years  have  passed  since  Edison  uttered 

these  prophetic  words.  Today  he  is  more  enthusiastic  tha^ 

ever  in  his  advocacy  of  the  use  of  educational  films  as  M 

ultimate  solution  of  teaching  problems.  Who  can  prove  that 

his  judgment  is  unsound— that  his  prophecy,  like  the  trunw 

pet  of  the  angel  Gabriel,  will  not  summon  the  reactionar)' 

educational  hosts  of  the  world  to  the  bar  of  divine  judg^ 

ment  to  answer  for  the  wrongs  of  the  present  teachinJ 

system  and  to  right  those  wrongs  in  the  only  way  this  white] 

haired  wizard  of  light  and  sound  insists  they  can  be  righted  ij 


'■J 


lealth  officers,  and  others.  Besides  this,  studies  have  been  made 
ly  expert  observers  of  the  reaction  of  some  of  our  motion  pic- 
ures  on  selected  audiences,  notably  the  thorough-going  series  of 
)sychoIogical  researches  made  by  Drs.  Watson  and  Lashley  of 
ohns  Hopkins  University.  Without  this  aid  so  generously  and 
o  intelligently  given,  progress  in  the  production  of  educational 
notion  pictures  dealing  with  social  hygiene,  manifestly  a  most 
lifficult  subject,  could  not  have  been  made. 

With  a  little  experience  it  is  not  difficult  to  classify  most  criti- 
isms,  at  least  to  a  certain  degree.  For  example,  there  is  the 
aluable  criticism  of  the  one  who  notes  a  defect  concerning  the 
larticular  line  in  which  he  is  skilled.     Some  criticisms  are  but 

reflection  of  the  hobby  which  the  critic  may  be  riding.  The 
laptious  critic  can  never  be  satisfied,  though  often  he  does  furnish 
alilabje  suggestions.  Criticisms' involving  motion  picture  tech- 
ique  are  serviceable  if  tihey  assist  in  correcting  the  fault  or  pre- 
entin^  a  similar  error  in  the  future.  Criticisms  which  offer  no 
olulion  for  correction  or  which  suggest  no  alternative  as  an  im- 
■rovement  are  not  to  be  disregarded,  or  the  mere  fact  that  a  thing 
j.jWrong  or  poorly  done  is  quite  enough,  and  perhaps  the  in- 
jeituity'  of  Ihe  producer  may  later  discover  a  constructive  solution, 
rhese  are  but  a  few  types.  There  is  one  kind  of  criticism  which  is 
est  chucked  promptly  into  the  waste  basket,  and  the  only  one 
liich  carries  an  unnecessary  sting — -the  dishonest  acrimonious 
riticism  madei  for  sorrie  ulterior  reason.  Happily  this  kind  is  not 
iomnion,  and  the  fact  that  they  usually  reach  the  producer 
[irough  underground  or  second  hand  channels  indicates  that  they 
jTe  made  with  a  selfish  motive  involving  commercial  advantage, 
lettv  politics  or  what-not,  and  not  from  a  desire  to  help. 

To  the  end  that  the  motion  picture  may  be  improved  in  value 
s  an  educational  isstrument,  it  is  urged  that  the  yard  stick  of 
itelligent  criticism  may  be  applied  more  fearlessly  and  cour- 
•geously  before  recommending  the  wide  use  of  any  particular 
jicture  in  the  ediicational  field. 
'\  '  Iff'      V* 

'parent-teacher  convention  discusses  films 

i  T  the  national  convention  of  the  Parent-Teacher  Associations 

held  in  Washington,  D.  C,  April  26  to  29  last,  a  resolution 

as  passed  that  each  state  association  organize  a  board  of  in- 

.orsers   of   photoplays,   selecting   the   best   films   shown    in    first 

?lease  theaters   and   sending   this   approved   list   to   all    parent- 

«cher  associations  in  their  state  and  to  Mrs.  Ferd  Lucas,  Na- 

onal  Chairman  of  Better  Films  for  the  combined  associations, 

.»r  publication. 

William  A.   Brady,  president   of  the  National  Association   of 

le  Motion  Picture  Industry,  representng  twenty-eight  producers, 

Idressed  the  convention  on  the  plan  by  which  these  producers 

,  '4pect  to  produce  better  and  cleaner  films  in  the  future.    They 

•k  the  public  to  suspend  judgment  for  six  months  and   await 

le  promised  improvements. 

MUNICIPAL  FILM  ARCHIVES  IN  LOS  ANGELES 
^^GTION  pictures  of  all  great  public  improvements  will,   in 
the  future,  form  a  part  of  Los  Angeles'  public  works'  ar- 
lives',  says  President  P.  P.  O'Brien  of  the  board. 
The  first  motion  picture  jeels  which  will   become  permanent 
'  ords  of  th^  board  are  those  taken  of  the  work  on  the  Second 
reel  tunnel,  which  wer6  exhibited  for  thie  first  time  at  a  private 
hibition  before"  Mayor  Snyder  and  members  of  the  board. 
The  film  dfepicling  the  start  of  the  work  on  the  big  bore  from 
e  Figueroa  street  end  takes   up   approximately  700  feet   and 
ows  the  opening  ceremonies  on  the  day  the  work  was  launched 
d  the  progress  miade'by  the  contractors. 


NOVEL  VISUAL  DEMONSTRATION  IN  NEW  YORK 

Abbreviated   and   Condensed   Public  Tests   Prove   Conclusively   the 

Great  Value  of  Visual  Teaching  in  the  Classroom 

THE  Visual  Instruction  Association  of  New  York  City  on  the 
evening  of  May  18  staged  a  novel  demonstration  of  the  teach- 
ing value  of  still  and  motion  pictures  with  actual  classes  in 
the  auditorium  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History.  A 
large  crowd  of  teachers,  students,  parents,  and  those  interested  in 
the  use  of  lantern  slides  and  motion  picture  films  was  present 
and  was  much  impressed  with  the  effectiveness  of  the  visual 
methods  employed,  which  included  a  working  model  of  a  Panama 
Canal  lock  as  well  as  the  screen  pictures.  The  program  was  as 
follows: 

Coniiminity  Singing,  with  slides.  Lesson    on     Ixjngfellow's    "Bell 

Conducted  by  Mr  Hollis  Davennv.  of    Atri."      Motion     Picture     and 

Introductory  Keniarks  l)v  the  Ucading  arranged  by  Miss  Minnie 
Chairman,  Ernest  L.  Crandall,  Obermeyer,  Public  Scliool  62,  Man- 
President  of  tlie  Association.  hattan. 

I/Csson    on    tlie    Panama    Canal,  Lesson  on  tlie  Circulation  of  the 

with   Slides,  Motion   Pictures   and  Blood.     With    Slides    and    Motion 

Model.     Class  from  Public  School  Pictures.     Class  from  Washington 

50,  Brooklyn,  tauglit  l)y  Miss  Mar-  Irving  High  School,  taught  by  Dr. 

garet  V.  Blooniingdale.  Louise   Ditliridge. 

Although  the  two  classes  employed  in  the  demonstration  were 
not  up  to  full  strength  in  numbers,  most  of  the  students  who 
were  questioned  by  the  two  teachers  displayed  a  remarkable 
knowledge  of  the  subjects  and  in  their  replies  went  into  greater 
detail  and  were  more  specific  than  would  have  been  possible  if 
the  lessons  had  been  oral  or  written  alone.  The  pupil  reactions 
could  not  be  ascertained  accurately;  but  enough  was  learned  even 
from  this  public  exhibition,  with  many  of  the  children  perceptibly 
conscious  of  the  presence  of  a  large  audience,  tio  be  able  to  state 
that  these  abbreviated  and  condensed  public  tests  proved  conclu- 
sively that  visual  teaching  immeasurably  enhances  the  value  of 
ordinary  methods  of  instruction  and  as  a  supplement  or,  in  some 
instances,  a  substitute  in  the  classroom  or  assembly  ihall,  may 
well  be  considered  indispensable  in  future  curricula  of  schools 
and  colleges. 

THIS  FILM  CONVINCED  THE  JURY 

'X'HE  motion  picture  has  on  several  occasions  proved  its  value 
as  evidence  in  the  coutts  and  a  recent  instance  of  this  was 
during  the  trial  of  the  suit  of  the  Victor  Talking  Machine  Com- 
pany against  the  Starr  Piano  Company,  New  York  City,  for  in- 
fringement of  patent  rights  claimed  by  the  former  company  in 
the  manufacture  of  phonograph  records.  Frank  L.  Dyer,  attorney 
for  the  Starr  Company,  was  formerly  identified  with  the  motion 
picture  industry  and,  realizing  the  value  of  this  medium  to  visual- 
ize and  explain  the  differences  in  the  intricate  processes  of 
recording  sounds  under  the  patents  held  by  his  clients  and  those 
of  the  plaintiff,  requesting  the  Starr  Company  to  have  a  film 
made. 

Acting  upon  his  suggestion,  a  thousand  feet  of  film  was  pro- 
duced, emphasizing  the  points  Mr.  Dyer  desired  to  impress  upon 
the  minds  of  the  jury.  During  the  trial  the  film  played  an  im- 
portant part  in  the  defense  as  it  was  exhibited  in  the  courtroom. 
Several  hundred  feet  depicting  the  difference  in  methods  of 
recording  sound  were  shown  many  times  to  the  jury  in  order 
graphically  to  explain  the  technical  terms  used  by  the  legal  rep- 
resentatives of  both  companies. 

The  Starr  Piano  Company  won  the  law  suit  as  the  film  was  of 
great  assistance  in  convincing  the  jury  and  the  court  that  there  was 
no  infringement  on  the  patent  rights  of  the  Victor  Company.  J. 
S.  Brown,  Jr.,  president  of  Motion  Picture  Arts,  Inc.,  New  York, 
produced  this  technical  film  which  will  be  ready  for  distribution 
to  the  non-theatrical  field  in  June. 


PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 


IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


iniimiiilil" iiiiliiliiiiiiiilliillilllilli|liillliilMiMfiiiillirliiiiiiiitiMim)iiiit(it 


Edited  by  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Ph.D. 

Educational   Director   of  the   National    Association   for  the   Study   and 
Education  of   Exceptional   Children 

SCHOOL  BOARD  TESTS  CHILD  REACTIONS  TO  HEALTH  FILMS 

Convincing   Experiment   in   Ontario   School   Amazes   Teachers   and 
Scores  Points  for  Visual  Instruction 


By  Muriel  E.  Bruce 


AN  interesting  and  instructve  experiment  was  recently  tried 
in  a  certain  district  of  the  Province  of  Ontario,  Canada, 
and  the  results  will  be  an  awakening  to  those  people  who 
look  upon  educational  motion  pictures  as  an  expensive 
fad. 

Members  of  the  school  board  believed  that  the  only  way  to 
decide  this  question  was  to  find  some  educational  pictures  some- 
where, show  them  to  the  children,  and  note  carefully  the  reaction. 
They  chose  pictures  from  the  library  owned  by  the  Ontario 
Board  of  Health,  and  this  organization  gladly  agreed  to  coop- 
erate, sending  an  operator,  machine,  and  a  few — a  very  few  films. 
The  children  were  given  one  showing  of  these  pictures  and  then, 
the  following  day,  without  previous  warning,  they  were  told  to 
write  compositions  on  the  picture  they  had  liked  the  best  and 
from  which  they  had  learned  the  most. 

"In  the  Morning  They  Washed" 

The  two  pictures  that  made  the  big  appeal  were  Jinks  and 
The  Modern  Health  Crusade,  both  from  the  National  Tubercu- 
losis Association.  The  results  in  the  shape  of  compositions  speak 
for  themselves.  One  baby  eight  years  old  turned  this  in  on  the 
Crusade  (it  reads  like  vers  libre) : 

"Once  upon  a  time  there  was  a  little  boy  and  girl. 
"Who  did  not  wash  their  teeth  and  han<ls  and  face. 
"One  day  their  teacher  told  them  to  wash. 

"So  the  very  same  night  they  dreamed  that  a  wizard  named  Merlin 
he  opened  the  window. 

"And  later  he  took  them  down  stairs. 

"And  then  a  dragon  came. 

"And  then  a  lady  dressed  in  armor  killed  the  dragon. 

"It  was  the  teacher. 

"In  the  morning  they  washed." 

What  more  was  necessary?  She  got  the  main  points,  and  she 
was  only  eight.  A  boy  of  nine  got  the  details  of  the  story  mixed, 
but  the  main  idea  clear.  If  he  could  have  seen  the  picture  a 
second  time  he  would  have  grasped  it  better.    He  says: 

The  "Price  Meddle" 

"One  day  I  went  to  a  show.  It  was  about  health.  I  saw  a  little 
girl  and  hoy.  It  showed  the  little  girl  and  Iwy  in  their  class  room 
and  the  nurse  was  telling  them  !i\mut  geriits  and  the  little  boy  and 
girl  were  very  dirty. 

"The  next  night  the  little  l)oy  <1  reamed  about  a  man.  lie  came  and 
opened  the  windows  to  let  the  germs  out.  Then  lie  showed  a  big  animal, 
it  wallced  slowly,  and  the  Imv  said,  '.Save  nie.'  It  was  his  tea<>her.  Then 
he  awoke  his  sister  and  told  her  aliout  it.  In  the  morning  when  they 
awoke  they  washed  their  teeth  and  liands  and  face  with  .soa)).  When 
they  went  to  school  that  morniiifr  tjiey  got  the  price  meddle.  (Prize 
medal !)     There  were  other  things  too." 

Evidently  he  realized  that  lie  had  not  remembered  all  the 
details,  and  if  the  experiment  had  been  tried  a  second  time,  he 
would  have  instinctively  8har])cned  his  mind  to  gel  them  all.  A 
French  boy  of  ten  wrote  a  desi  ripijon  of  Jinks  that  was  exhaustive 
down  to  the  last  detail.    He  got  the  whole  story:    ' 


A  Head  for  Details 


"Early  in  February  we  had  a  lesson  in  Hygiene.     I  was  in  a 
place  aiid  could  see  everything.     They  showed  many  pictures,  but 
one  I  think  we  can  learn  most  from  was  this  one. 

"There  was  a  man,  who  was  unhealthy,  and  when  he  went  to  wo 
it  was  against  his  will.  One  day  his  boss  came  in  just  as  he  had  stopplj 
working  because  of  a  pain  in  his  lungs.  He  lost  his  position  at  one 
As  he  was  walking  home  along  the  street  he  came  to  a  building  i' 
which  was  an  insurance  office.  He  went  in,  but  they  said  they  did'i 
insure  wrecks.  He  went  to  see  a  doctor  who  made  him  cough,  an 
caught  a  germ  and  made  him  watch  it.  He  watched  it  only  for  aboi 
a  minute,  and  then  ran  home  as  fast  as  he  could,  jumped  in  bed,  an 
soon  was  asleep.  He  had  a  dream,  and  in  that  dream  he  .saw  two  hi 
germs  and  an  army  of  children  coming  to  live  in  his  lungs.  Immediate: 
he  took  fresh  air  and  exercise  and  opening  his  windows  let  in  fres 
air."  .  .  .  Etc.  to  the  end  of  the  picture  with  all  the  details  correc 
He  even  quotes  a  title  that  impressed  him — "Whoever  follows  this  ru 
shall  be  healthy." 


Teachers  Amazed  at  the  Results 


I 


The  majority  chose  Jinks  as  die  favorite,   among  the   old<i 
children  (up  to  12  years),  but  the  babies  under  ten  all  liked  Tl 
Modern  Health  Crusade.     Every  one  of  them  registered  the  a 
pearance  of  the  dragon,  and  the  opening  of  the  windows  to  let 
fresh  air.     The  little  ones   did  not  discover  where  the  drag( 
came  from  (he  grows  from  a  germ  out  of  the  glass  of  milk)  ai 
only  about  two  per  cent  of  the  older  ones  registered  this.    Aboi 
half  of  them  connected  the  knight  in   armor  with  the  teachi 
One  boy  who  fell  down  on  all  the  details  of  the  Crusade  in  Q 
early  part  of  the  picture  was  the  only  one  who   identified  tl 
magnifying  glass  in  the  hand   of  the  wizard  Merlin.    Anothjj 
baby  got  her  story  completely  muddled  up  but  triumphantly  sj 
that  the  germs  could  not  live  in  cold  air.    And  she  remarks  at  t 
end  of  her  jumble  that  "there  were  some  other  pictures  that  w< 
nice."  *(« 

The  teachers  expressed  astonishment  at  the  wealth  of  detail 
the  essays.  They  are  beginning  to  believe  the  statement  ma 
by  a  famous  educationalist  the  other  day  that  the  mind  absor 
forty  times  as  fast  through  the  eye  as  any  other  way.  And  n< 
these  teachers  are  demanding  machines  and  films — and  they  wj 
get  them!     All  honor  to  the  pioneers! 

SPECIAL  MOVIES  FOR  KIDDIES 
The  newspapers  have  been  discussing  the  problem  of  suitab 
movies  for  children.  The  New  York  Tribune  says  that  althoU( 
children  are  such  enthusiastic  supporters  of  the  movies,  but  lid; 
is  being  done  to  produce  pictures  suitable  for  them.  At  t 
better  theaters,  indeed,  "the  type  of  picture  is  on  a  higher  plai' 
than  the  common  hectic  and  lurid  reels,  but  aside  from  nen 
reels  or  a  few  films  there  is  seldom  told  a  screen  story  that  b* 
any  distinct  appeal  to  children.  The  story  is  of  grown-ups  ai^ 
their  doings."  The  Tribune  suggests  the  development  of  a  specie 
ized  movie  industry,  which  would  film  for  children's  eyes  "f' 
fairy  stories.  Mother  Goose,  the  fascinating  experiences  of  t' 
youth  of  all  nations,  folk-lore,  understandable  historical  fac^ 


RESEARCH  IN  SOCIAL  HYGIENE 

AN  important  basic  psychological  study  of  motion  pictiires 
has  been  undertaken  in  relation  to  venereal  disease  cam- 
paigns. It  is  published  in  extracts  in  the  April  issue  of 
Social  Hygiene.  The  report  is  from  the  pens  of  Drs.  Karl 
iS.  Lashley  and  John  B.  Watson,  of  the  psychological  laboratory 
of  Johns  Hopkins  University,  and  can  be  obtained  in  its  com- 
plete form  from  the  American  Social  Hvgiene  Association,  New 
York. 

j  We  can  call  attention  only  to  some  of  the  high  lights  in  this 
■eport  by  quoting  mainly  the  words  of  the  investigators.  The 
eport  throws  light  upon  the  entire  problem  of  the  psychological 
;ffect  of  motion  pictures,  and  is  therefore  of  paramount  im- 
jortance. 

The  motion  picture,  say  the  investigators,  within  the  last  few 
i'ears  has  come  to  reach  a  wider  optience  than  any  other  educa- 
lonal  agent,  with  the  exception  of  the  press  and  the  public 
chool.  It  is  still  largely  recreational  in  character,  however,  and 
te  possibilities  for  educational  propaganda  have  yet  to  be  ex- 
ploited. One  finds  discussion  in  popular  and  educational  writ- 
ogs  of  the  merits  of  the  motion  picture  as  an  educational  agent, 
.lUt  this  discussion  seems  to  be  based  chiefly  upon  vague  and 
ubious  psychological  notions  that  visual  presentation  is  superior 
J  auditory,  that  the  interest  of  movement  will  be  efifective  in 
jxing  the  material  presented  in  memory  where  less  vivid  pre- 
?ntations  might  fail  —  speculations  which  have  at  present  no 
ictual  support.  They  fail  to  take  into  consideration  the  passive 
hitude  of  the  subjects  in  viewing  the  pictures,  the  seeking  of 
le  theater  for  amusement,  and  the  trifling  character  of  the  ma- 
•■rial  which  the  public  has  been  educated  to  expect  from  ordinary 
1ms.  The  investigation  of  the  educational  effects  of  sex-hygiene 
ictures  should  give  rather  valuable  data,  therefore,  upon  the 
'^al  educational  value  of  motion  pictures  in  general  as  com- 
•ared  with  other  educational  methods.  The  investigators 
'easured  the  information  of  the  optiences  before  the  pictures 
ere  shown  and  after  the  performance,  and  compared  the  results, 
I  decking  the  data  gained  from  questionnaires  by  personal  inter- 
:  lews. 

I  From  a  number  of  films  treating  the  same  subject  one  called 
il  tit  to  Win  was  selected  for  extensive  treatment.    It  was  originally 
>  'tended  for  use  in  the  training  camps.    The  reasons  for  selecting 
is  film  were:  first,  that  it  seeks  to  impart  both  the  information 
d  a  definite  emotional   attitude;   second,  it  employs  dramatic 
:.  Bthods  for  emphasizing  some  educational  features  and  yet  con- 
•  ins  a  certain  amount  of  data  presented  without  pictorial  illus- 
i  1  htion ;  third,  it  is  so  organized  that  it  may  be  used  without  any 
.  1  xompanying  lecturer  and  without  verbal   introduction  of  any 
rt;  fourth,  it  is  perhaps  the  most  direct  in  its  method  of  pre- 
station of  any  film  in  use. 

One  of  the  general  observations  was  this:  certain  temporary 
Irmful  effects  were  noticed  only  when  the  film  was  shown  to 
u'Jii'xed  optiences  of  men  and  women.     Whenever  it  was  shown 
men  or  women  only,  no  such  effect  could  be  registered. 

Emotional  Reactions 

rhe  chief  emotions  aroused  immediately  are  horror  at  the 
lured  effects  of  the  disease  and  fear  of  infection.  But  in  gen- 
'  1  the  persistent  emotional  effects  of  the  picture  were  slight, 
mbers  of  the  optience  were  aroused  temporarily  but,  as  is  true 
all  educational  measures  that  are  not  followed  up  continu- 
ly,  interest  quickly  died  out,  and  the  studies  showed  that  the 
■cts  of  the  film  upon  subsequent  behavior  were  too  slight  to 
detected. 


One  of  the  criticisms  directed  against  the  film  was  this:  The 
picture  appeals  primarily  to  the  fear  of  disease  and  does  no', 
take  into  account  the  most  important  instinct  of  which  advantage 
might  be  taken  for  moral  education.  It  makes  no  appeal  to  that 
"deep-seated  reverence  of  every  man  for  a  pure  woman,"  to  the 
parental  instinct,  with  the  desire  for  protection  of  the  weak  and 
pity  for  the  suffering. 

The  data  obtained  show  that  this  criticism  is  justified.  The 
scenes  showing  lesions  are  second  in  frequency  of  mention.  Those 
making  appeal  to  other  emotions  come  far  down  in  the  list. 
Admiration  for  the  strength  of  will,  the  most  effective  of  them, 
falls  into  seventh  place,  the  appeal  of  the  "sweethearts  at 
home"  reaches  seventeenth  place,  and  those  involving  parental 
feelings  excite  equally  slight  attention. 

(Continued  on  page  11) 


COMMITTEE  ON  PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 

IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 

Working  under  the  auspices  of 

Educational  Film   Magazine 

Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszman,  Ph.  D.,  Chairman,  107  West 
87th  Street,  New  York. 

Lawrence  Augustus  Averill,  Ph.  D.,  Prof.  Mass.  State 
Normal  School,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  G.  Balcom,  Assistant  Supt.  of  Schools,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Dr.  A.  A.  Brill,  1  West  70th  Street,  New  York. 

Hon.  Charles  L.  Brown,  President  Judge,  Municipal  Court, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  of  Motion  Pictures, 
General  Federation  of  Women's  Clubs,  220  West  42nd 
Street,  New  York. 

Ernest  L.  Crandall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Visual  In- 
struction, Board  of  Education,  157  East  67th  Street, 
New  York. 

Dr.  Frederick  J.  Famell,  219  Waterman  St.,  Providence,  R.I. 

Dr.  G.  Clyde  Fisher,  Associate  Curator,  Am.  Museum  of 
Natural  History,  New  York. 

Dr.  T.  W.  Galloway,  Associate  Director,  Dept.  of  Educa- 
tional Activity,  The  Am.  Social  Hygiene  Ass'n,  105 
West  40th  Street,  New  York. 

Charles  F.  Herm,  Harrison,  N.  Y. 

Hon.  Franklin  K.  Hoyt,  Presiding  Judge,  Children's 
Court,  New  York. 

Dr.  Huber  W.  Hurt,  Scout  Executive,  Boy  Scouts  of  Amer- 
ica, 203  South  Dearborn  Street,  Chicago. 

Dr.  Edward  J.  Kempf,  100  West  59th  Street,  New  York. 

Prof.  James  E.  Lough,  Extramural  Division,  New  York 
University,  Washington  Square,  New  York. 

Everett  Dean  Martin,  Director,  Cooper  Union  Forum  of  the 
People's  Institute;  Chairman,  The  National  Bd.  of 
Review,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

Prof.  J.  L.  Meriam,  University  of  Missouri,  Columbia,  Mo. 

Geo.  E.  O'Dell,  Ethical  Society,  All  Souls  Church,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich. 

Dr.  A.  M.  Rabiner,  354  So.  Third  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Rowland  Rogers,  Vice-Pres.,  Picture  Service,  Inc.;  Chair- 
man, Curriculum  Committee,  N.  Y.  Visual  Instruction 
Ass'n,  51  East  42nd  Street,  New  York. 

Dr.  Alfred  H.  Saunders,  The  Educator's  Cinematograph 
Co.,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

J.  W.  Shepherd,  Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  University 
of  Oklfihoma,  Norman,  Okla. 

David  R.  Sumstine,  Ph.D.,  Principal  Peabody  High  School, 
Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Joseph  J.  Weber,  195  Claremont  Avenue,  New  York. 

J.  H.  Wilson,  Supiervisor,  Visual  Instruction,  Board  of 
Education,  Detroit,  Mich. 

William  Wesley  Young,  The  Friar's  Club,  New  York. 


;l^ 


COMMUNITY 


THE  PUBLIC  SCHOOL  AS  THE  NEIGHBORHOOD  MOVIE  THEATER 

Recreational,  Educational,  Social,  and  Civic  Possibilities — I'ractical 

Problems  to  Be  Solved — The  Big  Downtown  Theater  and 

the  Community  Center  Theater 

i.i.     .  By  Dolph  Eastman 

Editor,  Educational   Film  Magazine,  New  York 

CONGRESSMAN  KELLY  s^aid  last  night  in  the  course  of  days  we  scarcely  knew  the  meaning  of  the  term  school  center 

his  address  at  Central  High  School  that  the  United  States  community  center  except  in  isolated  instances.     Even  today  ther 

had  given  to  the  world  two  great  free  institutions — the  are  but  667  school  centers  in  this  country,  according  to  the  lates 

public  school  and  the  post  office — without  which,  he  added,  figures  compiled  by  Clarence  Arthur  Perry  for  the  Russell  Sag 

America   could   not   have   become   the    vast,    unified,    democratic  Foundation,  and  of  these  only   132   were  open   more  than   fou 


nation  it  is. 

May  I  npt  add  a  third  great  in- 
jstitution  to  these^the  motion  pic- 
ture— also  a  democratic  institution, 
which  the  United  Statesiiia^  given 
to  the  world?  Speaking  the  language 
of  lifelike  pictures  in  action,  sym- 
bolizing the  marvelous  activity  of 
America  —  the  universal  language 
with  but  one  visual  dialect  under- 
stood by  all  races  and  ol'^Sses  of 
men — does  not  the  movie  link  up 
with  the  other  two,  the  school  and 
the  mail?  Is  it  not  even  more 
powerful  as  a  nation-builder  than 
the  press  which  speaks  many  lan- 
guages? ' 


/~)NE  of  tlie  most  convinciiiK  arguments  for  the  estal)lislinicnt  of 
public  school  movie  theaters  everywhere  is  the  fact  that  they  will 
draw  children  away  from  the  'commercial  picture  theaters  where 
the  influence  on  the  child  mind  is  in  many  instances  injuri(ms, 
even  fataU 


evenings  a  week.  Nearly  one-thir 
of  the  total,  or  198  centers,  wer 
open  only  two  evenings  weekly. 

Now  with  less  than  700  schot 
centers  out  of  a  possible  total  c 
public  school  buildings  suitabl 
for  the  purpose  of,  let  us  approx 
mate,  100,000,  or  less  than  one  pc 
cent,  it  will  be  recognized  at  th 
outset  that  the  movement  itself  is 
mere  infant  insofar  as  numbers  aw 
national  influence  are  concernet 
Mr.  Perry  reports  a  steady  an 
healthy  growth  of  the  movemei 
whose  importance,  significance,  an 
community  value  cannot  be  mea 
ured  in  terms  of  statistics  but  on' 
in  terms  of  human  helpfulness  ar 
individual  betterment. 

If,    therefore    the    school    centi 


The  public  sch.ool  for  education, 
character,  and  citizenship;  the  pub- 
lic post  for  inter-  and  extra-com- 
munication and  Continental  development;  the  public  movie  for  idea  is  still  mainly  an  idea,  uncharted  and  undeveloped,  large  : 
the  coordination,  extension,  and  visualization  of  the  other  two  possibilities  but  still  small  and  crude  in  local  application,  wh 
and  for  that  larger  individual  and  national  aiid  international.  I      shall  we  say  of  the  school  community  center  as  the  neighborh 


may  say,  world,  development 
which  we  are  facing  in  this  post- 
war' period.     ' 

If,  as  Congressman  Kelly  and 
other  speakers  have  proposed 
and  as  actually  has  been  done 
here  in  Washington  at  the  Park 
View  School,  the  public  school 
should  house  the  community  post 
office,  are  there  not  equally  potent 

reasons  why   it'  should  house  the 

'  '  .    ''  '    - 

community     motion    picture 

theater;    why    it  should   be   made 

not    only     the    exhibition    center 

but   the   supply   center    for    films 

for   community    use   from    its 

own  school  or  film  library? 

i  .       667  School.  (>;nters  Functioning 

Sttaage  \Q  *ay,  the  notiop  that  our  public  school  plants  rep 


fpHE  community  center  movie  theater  as  a  source   of   unndnltorateil 
AmerlcanlKm  ami  a  civic  and   industrial  teacher  will  Ix-come  a   vital 
factor  In  American  social  life. 


motion  picture  theater  —  a  not^ 
whioh,  to  my  mind,  is  the  lUti 
ihule   of   such    possibilities? 
verting  to  the  figures  quoted,  | 
find   that  most   if  not  all    of  a 
school  centers   listed  employ  ni 
tion  pictures  for  entertainment  \ 
educational  purposes,  or  both, 
it  not  reasonable  to  infer  that  tj 
movie  because  of  its  super-poj 
larity,    its    crowd-attracting    ai 
interest-  holding    value,     shou 
form  the  keystone  of  the  commu 
ity  arch  and  that  no  plan  for  t 
development  of  a  social  center  c 
be  devised  to  operate  successful 
unless  the  movies  are  to  serve, 
the    foundation    as    well     as    I 
main  walls  of  the  building? 

FlJNDAMENTALS   AND    ESSENTIAL^ 

Before  we  take  up  the  problem  of  the  neighborhood  picti 

II.  .1  .      r        I  I  1  '   ■■■"'     '' 


ie^nX.  a  huge  investment  of   public  funds  which  it  is  not  good      theater  as  such,  let  us  get  down  to  fundamentals  and  jelementr 
businessto  let  lie  idle  is  of  recent  origin  and  growth.     In  pre-war     understandings.    The  public  school  is  owned  by  the  ppopli 


Addrem  dellverwl   liefore  lh«  Nail. .rial  amimunlty  Center  Conference.  Wuslilnirtcm,  I).  C  April  2.1. 


is  for  the  use  of  all  of  the  people  of  the  community.  It  is  a 
public  building  in  the  same  sense  as  the  free  public  library  or 
municipal  bathhouse.  While  it  is  true  that  the  public  school 
is  intended  primarily  as  a  place  for  instruction  and  training  of 
ithe  young,  no  valid  objection  may  be  offered  to  its  use  as  a 
public  forum  or  meeting  place.  A  democracy  would  lose  its 
^character  if  this  were  not  the  case.  Why,  then,  may  we  not  carry 
the  scheme  a  step  farther  and  make  the  public  school  —  your 
school  and  mine — our  meeting  place  of  public  entertainment  as 
well  as  of  public  instruction,  discussion,  and  protest?  Play  has 
iits  victories  no  less  renowned  than  study,  work,  and  money-mak- 
ing. Play  is  the  safety  valve  and  at  the  same  time  the  governor 
ijf  the  human  engine.  And  the  public  school  is  just  as  logically 
jhe  people's  playground  as  it  is  the  people's  forum  and  the  study 
tiall  of  the  people's  children. 

I    The  movies  today  are  the  playtoys  of  millions.     They  will  not 
(always  be,  for  the  day  will  come  when  the  motion  picture  will 
be  deemed  a  public  ally  and  instrument  no   less  valuable  than 
the  daily  press,  perhaps  more  valuable.     But  as  the  screen  is 
itill    the    people's    playground,    and    gradually    becoming    the 
jjeople's  subtle  teacher  as  well,  does  it  not  seem  natural  that  the 
bublic  school  should  be  the  movie  unit  of  the  community,  the 
Tiovie  center  to  which  all   others  in  the  community  should   be 
subordinated?     The  church  has  been  mentioned  as  the  natural 
iieighborhood  picture  house,  but  why?     There  are  churches  of 
various  denominations  in  each  city  or  town;  even  rural  commun- 
ities are  divided  into  sects;  and  if  we  adopted  the  church  plan, 
'/le  should  have  division,  confusion,  lack  of  concentration,  dissi- 
oation    of   community   energies.      No,   the   public   school    is   the 
nogical  and  the  natural  and  the  inevitable  motion  picture  theater 
)f  the  local  neighborhood,  and  as  cities  and  conmiunilies  tend 
:nore  and  more  to  subdivide  into  little  communities  or  neighbor- 
floods  the  school  center  will  tend  more  and  more  to  serve  as  the 
;liversional  outlet  for  the  residents  of  its  own  restricted  section. 
;    What  about  competilion   with   existing  movie  theaters   in   the 
leighborhood,  offering  doubtful  but  sprightly  entertainment  and 
)perated  solely   for   profit?      What   about   competition   with   the 
•hurch   which   is  giving   mid-week   picture   shows   to   help   raise 
lunds  or  attract  adherents?     What  about  competition   with  the 
jther  attractions  of  the  town   or  rural  community,   when   there 
re  any? 

The  answer  to  these  three  questions  is  the  same:    Let  the  school 

'enter  provide  the  best  motion  picture  program  and  project  the 

'-  -learest  pictures  and  let  the  school  musicians  or  orchestra  furnish 

he  best  music,  and  the  problem  of  competition  will  be  solved. 

f  the  school  movie  show  falls  below  the  standard  of  the  com- 

iiercial  theater  or  the  church,  the  crowd  will  flock  to  the  better 

•resentation.     If  the  school  is  to  serve  as  the  picture  theater  of 

be  neighborhood  or  of  the  community,  it  must  create  high  stand- 

rds  and  live  up  to  them  or  it  will  not  survive.     And  this  is  true 

hether  competition  exists  or  not. 

Another  fundamental  question  arises  which  has  to  do  with  the 

ihics  of  the  matter.     Is  it  right  for  the  public  school  to  become 

le  neighborhood  picture  house  and  deprive  theater  owners  and 

lanagers  of  their  livelihood?    Is  it  right  for  a  public  institution 

'":''■>  enter   into   competition   with   private   citizens   who   pay   taxes 

'■''''  lat  their  children  and  the  children  of  others  may  receive  a  free 

Jucation? 

I  do  not  know  whether  I  am  supposed  to  touch  upon  all  phases 

f  my  topic,  and  this  delicate  ethical  question  I  shall  not  attempt 

I  answer  or  discuss  at  the  moment.     It  is  really  a  matter  for  the 

ublic  conscience  and  if  the  public  is  satisfied  on  this  point,  no 

lore  need  be  said. 


Major  and  Minor  Problems 

Now  let  us  consider  some  major  problems.  ■ 

As  to  the  character  of  the  motion  picture  programs  to  be  of- 
fered in  the  school  center,  the  selection  of  the  films,  the  pre-view- 
ing  and  booking,  the  purchasing  of  prints  when  that  is  possible, 
the  building  up  of  a  film  library  by  and  within  "the  school  for 
community  uses. 

All  of  these  are  large  problems  and  have  taxed  and  are  taxing 
the  ability  and  ingenuity  of  hundreds  of  school  motion  picture 
managers  in  all  parts  of  the  country.  Within  my  allotted  time 
I  cannot  do  more  than  skim  the  surface  of  the  possible  solution 
of  these  problems. 

If  the  picture  show  is  to  be  an  entertainment  then  the  films 
must  not  be  dull  in  any  one  spot,  but  really  entertaining,  clean, 
wholesome,  briorht  and  full  of  good  cheer.  If  it  is  to  be  educa- 
tional — and  by''this  I  meart  of  instructional,'  informalional  or 
cultural  value,  not  necessarily  didactic  or  pedagogical — theij  the 
films  must  be  carefully  culled  with  this  single  end  in  viewJ  A 
combination  of  entertainment  and  education  requires  still  another 
standard  in  selecting  films  and  making  up  programs.  A  teacher 
who  is  above  the  average  in  mefttal  keenness  and  psychological 
insight  can  be  trained  to  become  in  time  a  skilled  specialist  in 
program  making. 

The  rental  of  films,  which  involves  pre-viewing  and  booking, 
has  become  in  many  instances  a  complex  and  difficult  matter, 
insofar  as  this  applies  to  renting  from  theatrical  exchanges.  It 
is  largely  a  case  of  take  it  or  leave  it.  Sometimes  the  local  ex- 
change will  have  a  print  available  for  a  school;  often  it  will  not 
be,  and  a  substitute  must  be  booked.  Frequently  the  exchange 
will  not  project  the  picture  for  the  booker.  Sometimes  the  rental 
is  high,  beyond  the  reach  even  of  theaters.  On  the  other  hand, 
most  theatrical  exchanges  now'in  most  sections  of  the  country  are 
conscientiously  striving  to  serve  the  schools  and  other  institu- 
tions and  organizations.  Also,  in  many  cases  a  special  low  rental 
is  offered  to  the  school  I  know  of  cases— many  of  them — in 
which  the  theater  manager  helps  the  school  select  and  book  films. 
The  reason  pictures  should  be  viewed  by  the  school  representa- 
tives before  showing  to  the,  publi*  is  because  in  most  instance: 
cuts  will  have  to  be  made  in '  th'^  dramas  arid  comedies  and 
occasionally  in  some  short  subjects. 

The  question  of  a  school  buying  prints  and  possessing  its  ow:i 
film  library,  just  as  it  has  its  own  book  library,  is  an  importan 
one  and  too  important  to  discuss  here  with  the  limited  time 
allowed.  With  the  coming  into  the  market  of  an  unburnable  or 
non-combustible  film  stock  in  the  neat  future,  as  seems  likely, 
and  the  abolition  of  all  restrictions  on  the  storage  and  use  of 
film,  it  will  be  feasible  and,  perhaps,  advisable  for  many  schoo!c- 
to  possess  film  libraries  of  their  cwji.  Certainly  community  film 
libraries  will  come  into  being,  and' from  these  school  community 
centers  will  draw  subjects  for  their  prograuas.  The  convenience 
economy,  availability  and  general  desirability  of  the  plan  arc 
apparent. 

Shall  the  school  movie  show  be  free  to  all,  or  shall  an  admir 
sion  fee  be  charged?  This  is  a  question  which,  I  believe,  mo: i 
school  authorities  have  decided  in  favor  of  paid  admissions, 
ranging  all  the  way  from  a  nominal  price,  bare;ly  enough  to  cover 
the  expenses,  up  to  a  price  more  than  sufficierrt,  leaving  a  surplu" 
fund  for  the  use  of  the  center  for  film  and  other  purposes. 

Objections  have  been  raised  to  both  methods,  the  free  and  thn 

paid,  but  the  latter  seems  the  better  way.     It  is  axiomatic  an  1 

irue  to  human  nature  that  anything  which   is  obtained  withoii 

cost  is  not  appreciated.     The  point  has  been  oiBde  that  a  public 

(Continued  on  page  22) 


INCREASING  FARM  EFFICIENCY  WITH  FILMS 
"Vi"OTION  pictures  have  been  used  to  add  efficiency  to  the  manu- 
-^*-*-    faoture  of  pump  handles  and  the  raising  of  children,  but  the 
Illinois  Agricultural  Association  is  the  first  organization  to  plan 
ihe  use  of  the  film  on  the  farms. 

According  to  an  announcement  made  by  the  association  from 
its  Chicago  headquarters  a  corporation  is  to  be  organized  for 
the  purpose  of  producing  the  films  and  distributing  them  to 
ihe  county  farm  bureaus,  where  they  may  be  seen  by  every  farmer 
and  farmer's  family  in  the  state. 

Seven  county  bureaus  already  have  projectors,  but  there  are 
not  enough  films  of  the  kind  they  want  to  keep  them  busy.  The 
state  association  plans  to  build  up  a  film  library  to  give  them 
movies  throughout  the  year.  Publicity  and  education  are  chief 
fields  of  material  the  farmer  films  will  draw  on.  The  announce- 
ment says  in  part: 

"It  is  the  intention  to  organize  this  corporation  for  profit,  so 
that  there  will  be  income  enough  to  continue  and  increase  the 
production  year  after  year.  It  is  the  intention  to  interest  outside 
capital  within  a  year  or  so,  at  the  same  time  keeping  control 
within  the  association,  and  extending  the  production  into  a 
monthly  agricultural  news  film. 

"It  is  hoped  to  produce  agricultural  films  for  which  there  is 
a  demand,  whether  it  be  a  film  of  the  United  States  Grain  Growers, 
Inc.,  or  of  a  local  shipping  association.  The  publicity  department 
already  has  six  reels  of  govem^ment  films  and  is  about  to  produce 
a  four-reel  film  built  on  the  farm  bureau  and  its  problems." 

"A  ROMANCE  OF  THE  HARDWOODS" 

A  ROMANCE  of  the  Hardwoods  was  produced  by  Atlas  Educational 
Film  Company  of  Chicago  for  the  Trade  Extension  Department  of 
the  American  Hardwood  Manufacturers'  Association,  and  has  received 
the  endorsement  of  California  University  and  Iowa  State  College  ot 
Agriculture  and  Mechanical  Arts.  It  treats  the  story  of  hardwood 
from  the  viewpoint  of  education  and  many  of  the  scenes  filmed  in  the 
Tennessee  mountain  regions  are  remarkable. 

The  first  stage  in  the  process  of  converting  trees  into  interior  trim- 
mings is  cutting  down  the  timber  with  great  cross-cut  saws,  a  tree  of 
average  size  requiring  fifteen  minutes  to  fell.  A  notch  is  hewn  in  one 
side  so  that  the  tree  will  fall  in  the  right  direction.  The  timber  is 
then  sawed  into  log  lengths  and  picturesque  oxen  teams  driven  by 
bare  throated  negroes  "snake"  them  through  the  forests.  This  is  per- 
haps the  ntost  arduous  chapter  of  the  story.  Often  the  mud  is  knee 
deep  and  it  is  necessary  to  utilize  tractors.  The  lumbermen  frequently 
find  the  railroad  tracks  two  or  three  feet  under  water,  and  are  obliged 
to  stop  and  build  spur  tracks.  The  tractor  crashes  its  clumsy  way 
over  steep  grades,  through  muddy  valleys  and  over  rough  underbrush. 
In  the  dense  east  and  mid-southern  forest  of  the  United  States  are 
oftenest  found  the  red  gums  and  poplars  that  make  the  finest  types 
of  polished  cabinets. 

The  logs  are  carried  into  the  log  yards  on  paths  or  skidways,  and  in 
the  case  of  large  operations  steam  skidders  are  used.  Steam  cranes 
lift  the  timber  into  the  mills.  Sometimes  when  waterways  are  avail- 
able the  logs  are  shot  into  the  mills,  the  loggers  acquiring  .skill  and 
daring  in  riding  the  logs.  The  timber  is  loaded  on  trucks  and  washed 
after  oeing  propelled  onto  log  decks.  It  is  then  pushed  by  steam  power 
on  saw  carriages  for  sawing  into  Imiirds  or  for  quarter  sawing.  By 
means  of  saw-edging  machines  it  is  trimmed  to  the  standard  size,  in- 
spected and  graded  by  experts,  and  piled  in  the  yards  for  air  drying. 
The  length  of  time  necessary  for  kiln  drying  is  determined  by  the 
moisture  content. 

Veneers  are  obtained  either  by  rotary  cutting,  sawing  or  slicing. 
The  logs  are  steamed  in  great  vats,  then  the  bark  is  easily  removed. 
Rotary  cut  veneer  comes  oflf  in  l»-niitiful  thin  slices.  The  final  steps 
in  the  process  come  when  it  is  meclmnlcally  dried,  put  under  pressure, 
»«/  it  will  not  curl  or  split,  and  Die  finished  hardwood  Is  ready  to  be 
shipped  to  the  consuming  manufiictiircr. 

t       »• 
NEW  METHOD  OF  MAKIN(;  HAND-DRAWN  TITLES 

A  N  entirely  new  method  of  producing  hand-lettered  titles  for  films 
-^  of  all  descriptions  is  offered  tiy  ArHmr  Weil  of  220  West  4.2nd 
street.  New  York  City.  Much  qui'krr  and  better  service  and,  in  some 
CHtnti,  a  considerable  saving  in  cost  of  titling  are  claimed  for  this  unique 
Invention  ot  Oscar  Chouinnrd,  known  as  the  TItlegraph. 


LTURAL 

t 

RURAL  MOVIES  SOON  A  REALITY 

A  FEW  years  ago  it  was  an  exceptional  occurrence  to  have  s 
"^^  meeting  of  all  the  members  of  a  community.  Perhaps  at  i 
school  or  Christmas  entertainment  the  community  would  turn  oui 
in  numbers  because  the  children  were  going  to  be  there  anc 
every  proud  parent  wanted  to  see  his  boy  and  girl  on  the  plat 
form.  These  neighborhood  meetings  were  very  few,  however 
Today  the  conditions  are  different.  There  are  many  contributing 
influences  which  have  brought  this  about.  The  automobile  ha' 
done  its  part.  Agricultural  county  speakers  have  helped  mucl 
in  arranging  meetings  for  the  neighborhood  and  providing  speak 
ers  for  them.  Consolidated  schools  are  furnishing  assembly 
places  where  the  whole  neighborhood  may  gather. 

There  is  still  a  wide  field  where  the  consolidated  school,  o), 
even  the  public  school  will,  in  the  near  future,  fill  a  long-fel 
need  in  the  community.  It  will  be  but  a  short  time  until  indi 
vidual  electric  light  paints  will  be  installed  in  all  school 
and  with  the  advent  of  electricity  will  come  the  possibility  o 
community  movies.  It  will  not  be  necessary  to  go  to  the  city  t< 
see  them.  And  for  real  entertainment  and  educational  work  then 
are  few  things  that  are  as  good  as  motion  pictures.  One  ma' 
travel  to  the  four  corners  of  the  earth  with  them.  A  good  filn 
showing  the  best  up-to-date  methods  of  agriculture  would  hav 
a  tremendous  value  in  the  rural  community. — Bemidji,  Min 
Pioneer. 


W 


1 


EXTENSION  WORK  AMONG  NEGROES  FILMED 

How  the  negro  farmer  of  the  South  is  becoming  a  more  prosi)erou 
and  contented  citizen  through  the  influence  of  agricultural  ex 
tension  work  is  shown  in  a  new  motion  picture  produced  and  recentl 
released  by  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture.  The  pictur 
was  made  in  cooperation  witli  tlie  Alabama  Polytechnic  Institute  an 
Tuskeegee  Institute. 

The   picture    is    in    two   reels,   under   the    title    Helpinii    Negroes    t 
Become   Better  Farmers  and  Hortiemnkers.     The  central   character   i 
Rube   Collins,   a   typical   negro   farmer.   He   is   brought   in   toucli   wit 
agricultural  extension  work  through  his  discovery  that  the  boll  wecv, 
is  ravaging  his  cotton  fields.     Through  the  county  agent  he  learns  liqij 
to  raise  cotton  despite  the  boll  weevil  and  how  to  diversify  his  croji 
.so  that  his  farming  will  bring  a  good  return.     Later  on  the  film  .show 
tlie   appointment   of   negro   extension   workers,   both   men   and   w-omei 
and    their    work    among    negroes.      Another    feature    of    the    film    i.s 
"movable  school"  whicli  carries  instruction  for  farming  and  home  wol 
direct  to  the  farms.    The  picture  ends  witli  a  family  scene  at  the  Collii 
home  and  a  phonograph  fading  into  the  strains  of  "Suwannee  River." 

The   picture   will   be   circulated   through   the   distribution    system 
the    department    and    coo])erating    state    institutions.      Copies    may 
bought  by  authorized  persons  or  institutions  at  the  cost  of  manufi 
turing,  which  is  aljout  $80  for  tlie  two  reels. 

"FROM  ROE  TO  REEL" 

JPROM  Roe  to  Reel,  filmed  by  the  Michigan  State  Conservation  Coir: 
■^  mission  for  educational  and  entertainment  purposes,  shows  a  d< 
pleted  stream  and  a  dc.si)ondent  .ingler;  fish  culture  as  carried  Oi 
by  Michigan,  and,  finally,  the  replete  stream  with  the  angler's  basl4i 
filled  with  trout.  A  feature  of  the  picture  is  a  fantasy  in  the  folfj 
of  a  burlesque  called  "The  Trout  Banquet."  In  the  picture  Prin|j 
Zalsman  prepares  a  table  in  the  streajn  to  banquet  the  nol)ility  of 
AiiSable.  Then  come  some  entertaining  stimts  by  the  trout.  Th 
just  ilnto  the  table  dishes  in  quest  of  food,  eat  food  from  the  hand  of  I 
prince,  etc.  The  Prince,  being  a  generous  person,  feeds  the  remall 
of  the  banquet  to  the  rablile.  A  thousand  trout  scramble  at  once  ti 
the  remnants.  There  arc  S]>lasbing,  flashing,  dashing  fins,  tails,  scaU 
and  silvery  sides.  It  is  a  phantasmagoria  that  will  delight  the  heal 
of  both  layman  and  sportsman. 

The  Motion  Picture  Division  of  the  A.ssociated  Advertising  Clul 
of  the  World  will  hold  their  convention  at  Atlanta,  Georgia,  tlie  wef 
of  .June  18.  Each  day  of  the  convention  indu.strial  motion  pictur* 
will  be  shown  continuously  from  10:80  A.  M.  to  10:80  P.  M.  at  & 
Atlanta  Theater  Films  use<l  In  national  and  local  campaigns  will  I 
projected  on  the  screen  and  the  p\iblicity  campaign  explained  In  di 
tail.  Harry  Ix-vey,  president  of  the  Screen  Advertisers  Associ.ilio' 
will  arrange  the  programs  . 


10 


NATIONAL  DISTRIBUTION  AT  LAST  FOR  NON-THEATRICAL  FILMS 


New   Organization   Will   Have   Exchanges   Everywhere   and 

Promises  Real  Service  to  Both  Exhibitors 

and    Producers 


ALL  non-theatrical  exhibitors  will  welcome  the  new  $650,- 
000    organization    known    as    National    Non-Theatrical 
Motion  Pictures,  Inc.,  with  exchanges  and  sub-exchanges 
I  in  the  key  cities  of  the  United  States  similar  to  the  system 

bf  theatrical  exchanges.  These  distributing  centers  will  have  the 
benefit  of  nation-wide  publicity  and  exploitation  campaigns  on 
ill  film  subjects  released  through  the  organization.  Harry  Levey, 
president  of  the  company,  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  greatest 
jxploitation  experts  in  the  motion  picture  industry  and  every 
oioture  will  have  the  benefit  of  his  broad  knowledge  of  promo- 
■:ion  work.  He  is  also  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  non-theatrical 
aeld  and  its  many  channels  of  class  distribution  and  exhibition, 
IS  he  has  been  releasing  industrial-educational  films  for  several 
/ears  to  clubs,  schools,  churches,  community  centers,  and  indus- 
'rial  plants. 

A  Great  Stimulus  to  Non-Theatrical  Production 

I  No  greater  stimulus  has  been  given  to  the  production  and 
xhibition  of  films  exclusively  for  non-theatrical  use  than  the 
ounding  of  this  new  organization  with  an  efficient  service  to 
producers  and  exhibitors.  The  exchanges  will  be  managed  by 
■ntelligent  men  trained  in  the  motion  picture  business  who  are 
it  the  same  time  familiar  with  the  requirements  of  local  non- 
heatrical  exhibitors  and  such  exhibitors  will  receive  courteous 
©operation  in  booking  pictures  and  selecting  programs.  In  ad- 
lition  to  supplying  films  the  exchanges  will  also  have  service 
lepartments  where  the  many  vexing  problems  of  the  non-theat- 
ical  field  will  be  met  and  solved.  This  will  include  assistance 
in  selecting  indi\'idual  pictures  on  subjects  for  a  specific  purpose 
•'fld  advice  in  the  choice  of  projectors  and  equipment. 
More  than  400  reels  are  already  on  hand  in  the  vaults  of  the 
ome  office,  comprising  the  following  classes  of  films:  Agricul- 
urals,  Biblicals,  classics,  clinicals,  comedies,  dramas,  historicals, 
ndustrials,  instructionals,  juveniles,  scientifics,  technicals,  topi- 


RESEARCH  IN  SOCIAL  HYGIENE 

(Continued  from  page  7) 

The  film  failed  to  make  any  appeal  whatever  to  well-informed 

len  and  women.     Sentiments  which  were  ridiculed  by  medical 

nd  like  groups  were  applauded  vociferously  by  the  car  men, 

ildiers,  and  others.     It  suggests  itself  to  the  investigators  that 

pecial    pictures    should    be    constructed    for    different    special 

j  'roups.     This  coincides  with  what  the  editor  of  this  department 

lit 'OS  claimed  to  be  necessary  in  the  differentiation  of  films  intended 

•It  or  children  of  different  racial  and  culture  groups,  only  that  here 

'  ilso  the  age  groups  should  be  considered.    The  investigation  also 

jrroborates  our  contention  that  a  distinction  should  be  made, 

I  the  case  of  certain  types  of  pictures,  between  the  sex  groups. 

The   investigators   found   further   that  the   story  form  is  not 

articularly  advantageous  in  an  informatory  film,  and  that,  un- 

•ss  the  story  has  real  literary  merit,  it  detracts  rather  than  adds 

I  the  effectiveness  of  the  expository  material. 

No  lasting  effects  were  found.     The  retention  tests  show  that 

le  main  facts  were  remembered  very  well   for  periods  up  to 

ve  months,  but  there  is  no  indication  that  behavior  is  modified 

gnificantly.  _   ._„..  ^ 


cals  and  travelogs.  Among  these  are  included  photoplays  of 
educational  merit  and  school  films  on  agriculture,  astronomy, 
biology,  chemistry,  civics,  government,  geography,  history,  home 
economics,  health  and  sanitation,  industry,  mathematics,  physics, 
and  sociology.  Notable  among  these  is  the  Park  series  on  as- 
tronomy, geography,  and  popular  science,  which  is  unique.  An- 
other unusual  series  is  a  presentation  of  microscopic  and  marine 
life.  Copies  of  these  films  will  be  placed  in  all  exchanges  for 
rental  at  reasonable  rates  to  the  institutions  within  the  territory, 
other  th'an  theaters. 

National  Distribution  of  Non-Theatricals  Now  Assured 

A  serious  drawback  to  the  production  of  truly  educational 
films  has  been  a  discouragement  to  producers  in  their  attempt  to 
dispose  of  suCh  productions  profitably.  Despite  the  urgent  and 
growing  need  for  such  films,  they  were  a  drug  on  the  market 
because  of  lack  of  distribution  facilities.  While  the  schools  were 
clamoring  for  scientific  pictures,  it  was  impossible  for  them  to 
obtain  films  already  existing  at  a  reasonable  price.  This  meant 
keen  discouragement  to  the  production  of  real  educationals. 

Through  the  new  organization  a  wider  outlet  is  now  provided 
and  producers  are  invited  to  submit  their  films  to  the  company 
with  the  assurance  of  prompt  and  careful  consideration  and  every 
cooperation  in  the  placing  of  suitable  pictures.  Travelogs, 
scenics,  animal  pictures,  microscopic  studies,  and  in  fact  all  films 
on  subjects  taught  in  schools  and  other  institutions  will  be  in 
constant  demand  and  the  company  will  gladly  view  and  report  on 
all  such  pictures  submitted.  Prospective  producers  of  such  films 
should  confer  with  the  officers  of  the  organization,  to  learn  from 
them  the  character  of  films  needed  and  take  advantage  of  the 
promised  cooperation.  On  the  staff  of  the  corporation  are  experts 
in  educational  film  production  who  know  the  special  requirements 
of  this  field  and  how  they  can  be  met,  and  their  advice  to  pros- 
pective producers  will  be  of  immeasurable  valye. 


iiiiiitiiiMin iitxiUH iiiiiNiiiiitttriiimiHiHittitii 


The  effectiveness  of  the  picture  thus  seems  to  be  limited  to 
conveying  information.  While  the  dramatic  portions  of  it  do 
no  active  harm,  it  is  doubtful  whether  they  contribute  in  any  way 
to  its  educative  value  or  add  to  the  interest  which  the  facts 
presented  have  for  the  optience. 

The  appeal  to  fear,  as  made  in  Fit  to  Win,  has  practically  no 
behavior  value.  It  is  possible  that  an  appeal  to  other  emotions 
might  be  more  effective  in  modifying  conduct.  As  used  in  the 
existing  films,  the  emotional  appeals  are  not  effective  in  modify- 
ing behavior,  but  they  are  effective  in  emphasizing  information. 

The  one  place  where  the  investigators  think  we  can  hope  to 
effect  permanent  control  of  sexual  conduct  through  education 
is  in  adolescence.  Films  of  the  type  of  Fit  to  Win  are  not  adapted 
for  use  at  this  age,  and  it  is  doubtful  if  any  motion  picture  will 
ever  be  as  satisfactory  here  as  other  educational  methods,  since 
there  is  need  for  adaptation  of  the  material  to  the  individual 
requirements  of  the  youth.  The  film  seems,  however,  effective  in 
arousing  in  adults  an  appreciation  of  the  need  for  education  and 
control  of  sex  instincts  in  adolescence.  The  most  promising 
sphere  of  usefulness  for  motion  pictures  of  this  kind  would  seem, 
therefore,  to  be  in  building  up  a  public  opinion  which  will  favor 
the  utilization  of  other  educational  methods  which  can  be  better 
t -lapled  to  the  individual  needs  of  children  and  adolescents. 


11 


1 


II1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I Illllll 


RELIGIOUS 


THE  CHURCH  CINEMA  IN  OPERATION 

A  Canadian  Church  and  Its  New  Ally — The  Inside  Story 

By  Rev.  M.  C.  Mackinnon 

Pastor,   Hallville  Presbyterian  Qiurch,  Mountain,  Ontario,  Canada 


-.i-.ii-y''  !a-';Tiy- 


EVERYWHERE  people  were  talking  about  a  New  Era  and 
a  Forward  Movement,  and  it  was  generally  realized  that 
a  new  day,  great  with  task,  had  dawned  for  the  Christian 
Church.  We  needed  no  new  gospel  for  the  regeneration 
of  individual  or  society,  but  we  needed  a  fresh  interpretation 
and  new  applications  of  the  Gospel  we  had.  More  than  anything 
else  we  needed  new  methods.  Our  farmers  were  keeping  abreast 
of  the  times,  employing  new  methods  and  acquiring  new  equip- 
ment almost  every  year.  Why  couldn't  the  Church  have  new 
equipment  and  employ  modern  methods?  It  clearly  seemed 
small  wonder  that  so  many  churches  were  inefficient.  Indeed 
the  wonder  was  that  churches  were  as  efficient  as  they  were. 
What  other  institution  could  have 
retained  even  her  measure  of 
vitality  and  usefulness  without 
employing  modern  methods  and 
equipment? 

Why  Not  a  Church  Cinema? 


There  was  the  cinema,  mould- 
ing the  thoughts  of  millions  of 
people  every  week  and  very  im- 
properly a  rival  of  the  church.  A 
powerful  agency,  it  was  at  first 
ignored  by  all  except  commercial 
amusement  houses,  but  was  now 
adopted  by  industry,  schools,  col- 
leges, universities,"  Y.  M.  C.  As., 
Red  Cross  societies,  and  provincial, 
state    and    national    governmental 


departments,  and  at  last  by  the 
Church.  This  remarkable  invention 
seemed  to  hold  tremendous  possi- 
bilities for  good;  why  allow  the 
devil  or  secularism  a  monopoly  on 
it?  Clearly  in  the  creative  mind 
behind  all  inventive  genius  no  such  monopoly  existed.  Realizing 
this,  churches,  Protestant-Catholic  and  Roman  Catholic  in  the 
United  States  of  America  were  already  using  the  cinema  as  a 
factor  in  church  activities.  In  England  also  at  least  two  dioceses 
were  arranging  for  a  weekly  "Church  Pictorial."  Any  doubt  of 
the  new  movement  was  swept  away  by  the  news  of  that  epoch- 
marking  event,  the  centenary  celebration  of  the  missions  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  where  gathered 
in  1919  the  world's  greatest  motion  picture  audience  before  the 
world's  largest  screen.  The  cinema  was  officially  adopted  for  the 
service  of  Christ. 

Local  Obstacles  Overcome 

At  Mountain,  Ontario,  these  developments  were  followed  with 
great  interest,  and  the  announcement  that  the  International 
Church  P'ilm  Corporation  of  New  York  would  soon  provide  a 


pEV.  M.  C.  MACKINNON  is  a  native  of  Prince  Edward  Island.  He 
*■  studied  at  Dalliousie  University;  I'restiyterian  ColleKe,  Halifax,  Nova 
,»;cotia:  Columbia  University  and  Union  Tlielosical  Seminary.  New  York 
City,  takiiiK  tlie  M.  A.  degree  at  tlie  former  and  tlie  B.  D.  degree  at  tbe 
latter  institution.  Mr.  Mackinnon  has  spent  tbe  past  year  in  Iiirtlier 
study  at  Edinburgh,  Scotland.  He  writes  the  editor  concerning  this 
article: 

"Partially  as  indicative  of  tbeir  anpreciation  of  the  church  cinema 
the  congreftation  of  113  families  recently  increased  their  mini^^ler's 
salary  from  JlROO  to  ?;inoo.  As  to  the  church  cinema  movement  in 
Canad.i  the  situation  is  neculiarlv  difflcult  and  we  bone  tliat  some  of 
the  existing  institutions  in  the  United  States  nniy  soon  open  in)  dis- 
IribulinK  centers  in  Canada  for  their  oictures  suitable  for  church  use. 
Many  inquiries  for  flhns  are  being  made  by  Canadian  churches." 


weekly  film  service  suitable  for  church   use   was   received   witl 

delight,   inasmuch    as   it   promised   to   place   the   church   cinem: 

within  our  reach.     Formidable  obstacles  still  remained,  however 

the  most  obvious  being  the  lack  of  electric  light.     But  a  willini 

people  easily  overcome  obstacles.    At  a  full  congregational  meet 

ing,  after  a  sermon  on  "The  New  Church  for  the  New  Day,"  th 

pastor   proposed   a  church   cinema   for   community   service.    H 

offered  to  procure  a  projector  for  the  purpose  if  the  congregatl 

would  instal  an  electric-light  plant.     The  offer  was  accepted  a: 

the  congregation  decided   unanimously   by   standing   vote   to 

augurate  a  regular  weekly  cinema  service.     A  oneJ-year  cbntr 

was  signed  with  the  International,  a  3  k.w.  Delco  lighting  pla? 

was    installed,    a    regulation    firf 

proof    booth    was    built    in    th' 

auditorium    as    the    onlv    suitabj 

:.s  .       '  .  1 

place    available,    and    a    new    & 

Power's  Camerograph  was  set 

fully      equipped      with     rheosti 

motor  drive,  and  nitrogen  lam 

A   600-watt    lamp    was    found 

give  ample  light.    Our  policy  wl 

to    have    only    the    best    standar 

equipment  and  to  this  end  nothin 

was   neglected.     All    requirem^ffi 

of     the     fire     underwriters     w.« 

met,   inspection   was  satisfactoril 

passed,   and  our  church  now  h 

the  most  up-to-date  cinema-equi 

ment  for  showing  standard  fil 

without  marring  to  any  degree 

appearance  of  the  auditorium. 

deed,    one    might    enter    and 

seated  without  noticing  either 

booth    or   the   screen.     The  lattl 

was  a  spring-roller  ■  screen  roll 

up  to  the  ceiling  wb*n'hof-4n  u^ 

and  the   former  ..was.  snugly   s4 

pended  from  the  ceiling  over  the  main  entxstpce,  .  J 

A   licensed   operator   was  next  needed.     We  had  none   in  tl 

community  and  could  scarcely  afford  to  hire  one.     The  situatiC 

was  met  by  the  pastor  who  had  studied  a  text-book  on  the  subjt 

and  acquired  further  knowledge  and  experience  in  various  mo 

ing-picture  booths  from  Halifax  to  Montreal.    This  enabled  hi 

to    pass    the    necessary    examination    before    the    rnspector    ai 

become  a  licensed  operator. 

Film  Service  , 

The  question  of  film  service  offered  the  next  difficulty^  Tl 
International  Church  Film  Corporation  were  for  the  time  unab 
to  keep  their  contract.  They  had  set  themselves  a  great  task  ai 
had  allowed  themselves  too  little  time  to  organize  a  service  f 
several  thousand  churches.  Besides,'  they  had  no  dfetrfbutf) 
center  in  Canada.     The  result  was  that  although  we  had  ma 


12 


^angements  regarding  customs  clearance  and  censorship,  we 
Were  disappointed  in  not  receiving  the  promised  church  service 
if  missionary  and  other  religious  films.  Fortunately,  however, 
.3ur  plant  was  not  to  remain  idle.  We  were  able  to  secure  some 
•splendid  pictures  from  the  Provincial  Moving  Picture  Bureau,  the 
Department  of  Soldiers'  Civil  Re-establishment,  the  Department 
rf  Trade  and  Commerce,  Specialty  Film  Import,  Ltd.,  Famous 
Players  Film  Service,  Famous-Lasky  Film  Service,  the  Fox  Film 
Corporation,  the  United  Artists'  Corporation,  and  the  Regal 
iFilms,  Ltd.,  the  last-named  releasing  Ford  pictures.  With  the 
lelp  of  lists  from  these  exchanges  and  the  Canadian  Moving 
Picture  Digest  we  learned  what  films  were  on  the  Canadian 
iBarket.  Then  enlisting  the  aid  of  the  Educational  Film  Maga- 
iJINE,  of  New  York,  and  other  similar  magazines,  we  selected  a 
jist  of  recommended  films  and  secured  press-sheets  of  the  same, 
and  finally  selected  the  most  suitable  for  our  use.  Thus  with  the 
■sympathetic  interest  of  the  above  department  and  exchanges  we 
were  able  to  hold  our  inaugural  service  on  November  21,  1919, 
d  since  then  have  had  a  plentiful  supply  of  good  pictures. 

Friday  Evening  Program 


ir  year  was  divided  into  two  seasons.  During  the  winter 
pionths  we  put  on  a  weekly  Friday  evening  service  of  five  reels. 
Including  educational,  agricultural,  scenic,  industrial  and  news 
jpictures,  offering  a  splendid  opportunity  for  community  educa- 
tion. Different  phases  of  farm  life  were  dealt  with,  also  schools, 
good  roads,  hydro-electric  service  and  other  subjects  of  practical 
interest.  During  the  summer  months,  a  series  of  great  photo- 
plays were  shown,  including  Les  Miserables,  Evangeline,  The 
pife  of  Nelson,  Uncle  Tom's  Cabin,  Rebecca  of  Sunnybrook 
farm.  The  Miracle  Man,  Everywoman  and  Pollyanna.  Each 
picture  was  well  advertised  in  advance.  Programs  were  printed, 
ihe  local  newspapers  cooperated,  and  large  posters  were  put  up. 
interest  was  stimulated,  moral  values  indicated,  and  reading 
.■encouraged. 

Attendance 

The  attendance  from  the  first  was  good  but  especially  so  when 
'photoplays  were  screened.  When  the  first  great  feature  was 
shown  the  large  country  church  was  packed  and  many  could  not 
get  in,  and  with  each  succeeding  picture  the  crowds  grew.  Every 
evening  people  were  turned  away.  Then  we  darkened  the  win- 
dows and  gave  two  showings,  at  7  and  9  p.m.,  and  still  the  accom- 
modation was  taxed  to  utmost  capacity  and  some  were  turned 
away.  Everybody  seemed  to  be  out,  young  and  old,  no  matter 
'how  busy  the  farming  season.  The  farmers  left  their  seeding, 
'  haying  and  harvesting  and  brought  their  younger  children  to  the 
first  showing  at  7.  The  young  men  and  women  stayed  home  to 
attend  to  the  evening  work,  and  came  at  9  o'clock.  All  classes 
and  creeds  were  represented,  Roman  Catholic  and  Protestant.  It 
was  a  real  community  service  appreciated  by  all.  In  keeping 
with  the  place  the  best  of  order  obtained.  Singing  and  orchestral 
music  was  interspersed  through  the  service,  slides  being  freely 

-  Jsed. 

Sunday  Evening  Service 

Throughout  the  year  a  single  reel  was  usually  shown  at  the 

-  beginning  of  the  evening  service  on  Sunday  evening.  In  the 
absence  of  definitely  religious  films  we  made  the  best  use  of 
pictures  available.  Several  on  Canada's  treatment  of  the  returned 
soldier  were  easily  adopted  for  addresses  on  reconstruction.    One 

/|5n  tuberculosis   fitted   in    with   a   health   talk   on    "Tuberculosis 
jjSunday."    Another,   dealing   with   medical    inspection   of   public 


schools,  served  as  a  prelude  to  an  address  on  "Educijtion.".  TheiJ 
other  pictures  served  as  striking  points  of  contact  ;to  ii}UStratd 
and  emphasize  religious  truth.  A  picture  showing  th^  greal'waste 
of  water  power  in  Canada  was  very  effective  in  conneiction'with 
a  sermon  on  the  sin  of  waste,  especially  of  manhood  and  woman- 
hood, of  unused  moral  and  spiritual  forces:  John  6:12.  Another 
picture  showing  a  German  submarine  in  Toronto  harbor  gave  an 
impressive  departure  for  a  sermon  on  the  need  of  home  missions, 
and  some  wonderful  scenics  filled  the  atmosphere  with,  reverence, 
the  earth  as  well  as  the  heavens  declaring  the  glory  of  God  and 
the  firmament  showing  his  handiwork.  As  the  pictures  were 
thrown  on  the  screen,  the  pastor  quoted  here  and  there  a  verse 
of  Scripture  in  passing  comment,  and  then  as  the  full  congrega- 
tion sang  from  the  slide  some  old  appropriate  hymn,  he  must 
have  been  dull  who  could  not  sense  the  Presence  and  deaf  who 
could  not  hear  Him  speak.     Often  we  were  remindedithat 

"The  Earth  is  crammed  with  Heaven, 
And  every  common  bush  afire  with  God; 

But  only  they  who  put  off  their  shoes  .  ,  .  ." 

■1   -, . 

Sometimes  the  Sunday  evening  sermon  was  linked  up  with .  a 
coming  Friday  evening  picture.  "The  Christ  Way  with  a  Bad 
Man"  ponted  to  the  moral  wealth  of  Les  Miserables,  or  "The 
Ministry  of  Gladness"  unfolded  the  Christian  teaching  of  Polly- 
anna. On  two  Sunday  evenings  the  features  Fire&.of  Faith,  a 
Salvation  Army  picture,  and  The  Bluebirtl,  from  Maeterlinck's 
wonderful  drama,  were  shown.  -  ■■  ^ 

(To  be  concluded  iri  July  issue) 

FILM  THOUGHTS  FROM  A  CITY  PASTOR 

Pictures   Counteract    Influences   of    Commercial   Theaters — Church 

Movie  Show  a   Family  Affair 

REV.  PAUL  E.  BAKER,  the  "little  minister"  of  one  of  New 
York's  uptown  churches,  Morningside  Presbyterian  Church, 
has  like  many  others  in  the  service  been  looking  about  for 
an  appropriate  and  attractive  means  of  making  the  church  a 
place  "where  folks  like  to  come  to."  As  so  many  others  of  his 
profession  have  done,  realizing  that  when  the  world  decides  to 
move,  they  must  pick  up  traps  and  hurry  along  with  it,  he  has 
embraced  the  advantages  of  the  screen  to  persuade  his  people 
that  the  church  can  provide  for  them  among  its  many  blessings, 
entertainment  just  as  good  as  the  theater.  And  so  he  writes  in 
a  letter  to  this  magazine  the  following  interesting  account; 

"During  the  past  winter  we  showed  both  moving  picture  flhiis  ainl 
lantern  slides  in  the  Morningside  Presbyterian  Cluirch.  We  found 
the  interest  in  such  evening  programs  very  encouraging,  and  believe 
that  it  repays  all  the  effort  necessary  to  present  such  a  display.  Any 
student  of  human  nature  realizes  that  the  appeal  to  the  eye  is  much 
greater  than  the  appeal  to  the  ear.  Mhn  companies  are  getting  out 
a  large  number  of  pictures  that  are  especially  fitted  for  display  in 
churches.  The  church  that  fails  to  utilize  tliis  splendid  method  of 
spreading  the  message  of  "good-tidings,"  and  is  able  to  do  so,  is  not 
abreast  with  modern  life. 

"The  Church  has  always  been  slow  to  adojit  [irogressive  thought  and 
nietho<ls.  In  many  cases  it  has  been  well  for  the  Church  that  it 
moves  carefully.  But  the  movie  has  demonstrated,  its  usefulness  for 
service  in  the  kingdom.  The  church  that  presents  good  pictures  is 
counteracting  the  influences  of  pictures  displayed  in  commercial  houses 
which  are  not  always  of  the  higher  type.  The  screen  will  not  interest 
merely  one  group  in  tlie  church  as  do  most  other  services.  The  chil- 
dren, the  parents  and  the  grandparents  will  attend  the  church  movie  in 
a  body.  I,  for  one,  after  having  had  i)ictures  displayed  in  the  church 
feel  that  they  have  a  vital  service  to  render  for  the  Kingdom  of  God, 
with  the  provision  added  that  they  be  carefully  chosen.  The  public 
is  interested  in  them  and  will  attend  tlieii-  message  with  eagefness. 

"If  women's  clubs  or  individual  women  want  to  be  instrumental  in 
bringing  better  films  before  their  children— and  no  one  disputes  tliat 
such  action  is  needed !— they  have  the  power  in  their  own  hands.  They 
have  only  to  do  as  they  have  done  in  countless  .other  nuitters;  use  the 
united  purchasing  power  of  their  dollars  and  the  united  weight  of 
their  influence  for  the  good  film  and  against  tlie  bad." 


13 


"THE  FOUR  HORSEMEN  OF  THE  APOCALYPSE" 

By  Glen  Visscher  • 

And  I  saw,  and  behold  a  white  horse:  and  he  that  sat  on  hnn  had  a  bow;  and  a  crown  was  given  unto  him;  and  he 
went  forth  conquering  and  to  conquer. 

.  .  .  And  there  went  out  another  horse  that  was  red:  and  ]K)wer  was  given  to  him  that  sat  thereon  to  talie  peace 
from  the  earth,  and  that  they  should  kill  one  another:  and  there  was  given  imto  him  a  great  sword. 

.     .     .     And  I  beheld  and  lo  a  black  horse;   and  he  that  sat  on  him  had  a  pair  of  l)alances  in  his  hand. 

And  I  looked  and  beheld  a  pale  horse:  and  his  name  that  sat  on  him  was  Death,  and  Hell  followed  liim.  And  power 
was  given  unto  them  over  the  fourth  part  of  the  earth,  to  kill  with  sword,  and  with  hunger,  and  witli  deatli,  and  with  th- 
beasts  of  the  earth.    (Revelation,  VI:  2,  4,  .5,  8.) 


THE    picturization    of    Vi- 
cente Blasco  Ibanez's  great 
novel  The  Four  Horsemen 
of  the  Apocalypse  is  an 
achievement.    It  ranks,  in  eifec- 
tiveness,    with    The   Birth    of    a 
Nation  and  Cabiria,  perhaps  the 
two  greatest  pictures  ever  filmed. 
Although   not   so 
massive  in  treat- 
ment its  theme  is 
immeasurably 
finer,  carrying,  as 
it  does,  a  parallel 
expressed    in 
highest     symbol- 
ism —  the  vision 
revealed    to    the    lonely 
exile  John  on  the  island 
rock    of    Patmos,    that, 
after  two  thousand  years, 
still  teaches  a  lesson  so 
lofty  that  none  but  the 
dullest  can  fail  to  profit 
thereby. 

Tliis  screen  version  of 
intermingled  romance 
and  mysticism  keeps  the 
battle  scenes  subservient 
to  those  depicting  the 
life  history  of  Julio  Des- 
noyers;  the  molding  of 
his  character,  the  story 
of  his  and  Marguerite 
Laurier's  love;  and  later, 
their  spiritual  awaken- 
ing. The  crowding  pag- 
eant of  events  unrolls 
the  story  like  a  great 
tapestry  woven  with  the 

vari-colored  threads  of  human  emotions,  its  background  a  dark 
web — the  gathering  war-clouds  of  world  conflict.  As  if  painted 
in  hues  of  living  light,  we  see  the  beautiful,  bright-colored  threads 
of  life  and  love  and  hope  entwined  with  the  dark,  ugly  ones  of 
pride,  selfishness  and  hate,  all  stained,  blotted  horribly  with 
blood  and  tears,  when  Greed  unlooses  the  dread  Dragon  that 
spews  forth  with  fiery  belchings,  the  Four  Horsemen.  Then  be- 
gins the  terrible  ride  over  the  bleeding  body  and  naked  soul  of 
stricken  Humanity. 


tff 


Shot   through  this   whole   fabric   of    conflicting    forces    and   powers, 

passion  of  individual  loves  and  hates,  there  gleams  a  golden  thread — spiritua 

perception — the  Knower  that  visions  the  Cause  back  of  All,  and  grasps  th«i 

message;   that  sees  the  futility  of  Man's  plans  when  opposec 

to  God,  of  Might's  warring  with  Right,   of  Hate's  grapplinj 

with  Love,  of  the  eternal  vanitas  vanitatum  of  silly  piling-uj 

of  earthly  treasure,   which   "moth   doth   corrupt   and   thieve: 

break  in  and  steal!" 

Don   Madariaga,    called    the   Centaur,    by    hart 
struggle  and  hard  means,  amasses  his  great  fortune 
and  is  finally  vouchsafed  the  joy   of  a   grandsor 
who  is  a  boy  after  his  own  heart 
an  heir.    But  sudden  death  over 
takes    him,    and    against   his   i: 
tention,  his  fortune  is  shared  bj 
the    hated    German    son-in-law' 
children,  too.    His  heirs  toss  t 
the  winds  his  advice,  "Where  a 
man    can    live   comfortably    anc 
runs  no  danger  of  being  killec 
for  things  he  doesn't  understand 
— there  is  his  real  homci 
land!"  and  leave  Argi 
tina  to  return  to  the  01 
Country.     The  Germ; 
Hartrott  goes,  of  coursi 
to  the  Fatherland.    Th« 
Desnoyers,    the    French 
son  -  in  -  law    and    hi] 
family,     following     thi 
example,    make    Frani 
their    home,    that    Juli 
(na/med  for  the  Centaur) 
may  study   art  and  be- 
come a  man,  world-wisi 
and    Chichi,    his    sistei 
make  a  "good  match." 
The    Creole    motheri 
knowing  only  a   simplj 
life,    are    all     afluttei 
Then  begins  the  worship  of  Mammon.    The  Hartrotts  are  swollei 
with  pride,  blinded  to  everything  by  the  glitter  of  military  powei 
by  their  connections  on  the  fringe  of  the  War  Lord's  circle, 
the  end  Hartrott  sees  his  treasure,  his  sons,  swallowed  up  bj 
Kultur,  fed,  all  of  them,  living  sacrifices,  to  the  God  of  War,  t 
rider  of  the  "red  horse." 

The  Desnoyers  succumb  to  the  hypnosis  of  vanity  and  luxury 
the  elder  Desnoyers'  god,  earthly  treasure,  taking  the  form  ol 
(Continued  on  page  20) 


"The 


Ti/rETRO'S  picturization  of  Vincentc   Blasco  Ibancz'  world  famous  novel, 
■^'^of  the  Apocalypse",  which  was   directed  by   Rex   liiKram,   has  furni.shed  the 
a  striking  allegorical 


Kour   Horsemen 

inspiration   for 

statue   of  The  Four   Horsemen — Conquest,   War,   Famine,   and    Death — by 

Lee  O.   I.awrle,   noted   sculptor   and   professor   of   sculpture   at   the   Yale   School    of   Fine   Arts. 

Mr.  Ingram  Is  a  former  pupil  of  I.awrle  and  attributes  his  success  a«  a  motion  pU-ture  director 

largely  to  the   application   of   the   art   principles   of   .sculpture   to   the   making   of   photodramas. 


14 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


I 

m 


'SENTIMENTAL  TOMMY' 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


IT  is  reported  that  Sir  James  M.  Barrie  has  witnessed  a  screen- 
ing of  the  Famous  Players-Lasky  adaptation  of  "Sentimental 
Tommy"  and  "Tommy  and  Grizel,"  and  has  expressed  his 
satisfaction  with  the  production.  The  approval  of  the  author 
annot  but  be  gratifying  to  producers  and  actors  alike,  no  less 
ihan  to  that  great  reading  public  which  has  for  so  long  a  time 
iinired  the  works  of  the  Scotch  novelist  and  dramatist.  It  is 
we  thing  to  satisfy  the  crowd;  another  and  quite  different  matter 
'O  coordinate  successfully  with  the  creative  mind  that  has  brooded 
over  the  characters,  breathed 
the  breath  of  life  into  them, 
lived  with  them,  and  chron- 
cled  their  motives  and 
Actions. 

A  study  in  personality  Sen- 
timental Tommy  preeminently 
:s;  a  delicate  delineation  of 
•he  artistic  temperament  plus 
j^rtain  individual  characteris- 
tics which,  acting  in  combina- 
ion,  furnish  the  plot.  The 
iirtistic  temperament  is  a 
phenomenon  of  constant  inter- 
est to  the  average  person:  that 
ability  of  the  artist  to  build 
air-castles  and  conduct  life  in 
3  matter-of-fact  world  quite 
as  if  he  were  living  in  the 
castles;  that  bewildering  and 
characteristic  detachment 
which  enables  the  artist  to 
5tand  off  and  study  his  emo- 
dons  while  still  involved  in 
them ;    that   thrice  -  mysterious 

acuity  of  reproducing  the  emotions  of  others  without  passing 
hrough  the  personal  experience.  To  these  creative  faculties 
here  were  added,  in  Tommy's  case,  two  qualities  which  always 
ict  as  destructive  forces  in  character-development,  namely,  a 
ihenomenal  infirmity  of  purpose  and  that  difficulty  of  reaching 
lonclusions  that  results  from  too  much  mental  analysis  and  too 
ittle  direct,  concrete  action.  Between  these  contending  forces  of 
lis  mental  world  Tommy  was  tossed  back  and  forth,  much  as 
n  the  external  existence  he  was  torn  between  the  two  women  who 
veil  symbolize  the  inner  struggle:  Elspeth,  the  practical,  tena- 
•ious  sister  and  Grizel,  the  sweetheart,  romantic  and  high- 
pirited. 

Briefly  outlined,  the  story  of  Tommy  as  related  in  the  film  is 
s  follows:  The  orphaned  brother  and  sister,  Tommy  and  Elspeth, 
irrive  in  Thrums,  the  former  home  of  their  mother  where  interest 
mmediately  centers  around  "The  Painted  Lady"  and  her  little 


MABEL  TALIAFERISO  and  GAISETH   HUGHES  «>i 
^Ae  SP-^r-vnount  picture,  "SENTIMENTAL  TOMMY* 


daughter  Grizel,  a  child  who  is  constantly  reminded  that  it  is 
wrong  to  be  bom.  Chivalry,  inherent  in  artistic  Tommy,  at  once 
awakens  in  behalf  of  the  beautiful,  pathetic  lady  who  is  mildly 
insane  a  chivalry  which  soon  extends  itself  to  defend  Grizel 
against  the  taunts  of  the  village  boys.  In  this  connection  Tommy 
sees  himself  a  knight  errant  and  at  once  devotes  considerable  time 
to  deciding  whether  he  is  really  sorry  for  Grizel  or  is  motivated 
by  the  mental  picture  of  himself  in  a  noble  role.  When  "The 
Painted  Lady"  dies  and  Tommy  advises  Grizel  to  run  away  he 

offers  to  accompany  her, 
visioning  himself  a  gallant 
squire  of  dames  ....  until 
he  recalls  his  duty  to  that  per- 
sistent and  dominating  little 
person,  his  sister  Elspeth.  To 
go  or  not  to  go?  Torn  be- 
tween a  chivalry  the  genuine- 
ness of  which  he  questions  and 
a  brotherly  responsibility  he 
dare  not  shirk.  Tommy  pre- 
sents the  mental  condition 
which  is  characteristic  of  him 
through  well-nigh  the  entire 
story. 

When  he  reaches  manhood 
and  finds  himself  the  author 
of  popular  books,  he  faces  the 
necessity  of  testing  the  genu- 
ineness of  his  affections  for 
Grizel.  Because  half  his  na- 
ture holds  the  other  half  in 
contempt;  because  he  has  so 
many  minds  he  despairs  of 
making  up  any  of  them. 
Tommy  sacrifices  the  happiness  of  the  girl  who  has  loved  him 
since  her  childhood.  It  is  only  through  a  terrible  lesson  that 
Tommy,  like  a  ship  whose  ballast  has  righted  after  a  long  list, 
adjusts  himself  to  the  duty  of  reparation  which  life  presents. 
Marriage  and  devotion  to  the  girl  whose  mind  has  been  weakened 
through  the  suffering  he  has  caused  her  —  this  is  the  task  the 
artistic  temperament  now  aids  him  to  perform.  Tommy  finds 
himself — the  true,  lovable  Tommy,  without  a  mental  reservation 
or  quibble;  and  love,  being  the  greatest  thing  in  the  world,  works 
the  miracle  of  healing  for  the  long-suffering,  adorable  Grizel. 

Gareth  Hughes'  Tommy  is  particularly  fine  and  feeling,  and  a 
keen  comprehension  of  the  whimsical  delicacies  of  the  role  per- 
vades his  art.  A  wonderful  sense  of  the  silver-gray  sunlight  of 
Scotland  has  been  achieved  in  the  outdoor  photography,  trans- 
porting the  spectator  in  imagination  to  the  purpling  slopes  of 
heath-covered  highlands. 

Sentimental  Tommy.    Distributed  by  Fainous  Playera-Laoky  Corp.    5  reels. 


16 


"THE  LORDS  VINEYARD" 
By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

DURING  a  recent  drive  for  funds  the  Catholic  Charities  of 
the  New  York  Diocese  exhibited  in  each  of  the  302  parishes 
of  the  diocese  a  four-reel  picture  The  Lord's  Vineyard  to 
emphasize  the  appeal  and  show  the  scope  and  character  of  the 
charity  work  being  done.  The  film,  directed  by  Tefft  Johnson, 
opens  with  a  visualization  of  tihe  celebration  of  the  mass  and  the 
sermon  of  the  archbishop.  This  is  followed  by  recently-enacted 
scenes  from  the  life  of  Christ  illustrating  the  sickness,  sorrow,  and 
sin  to  which  He  ministered  as  He  went  about  doing  good.  The 
history  of  Christian  charity  is  traced  through  the  ministrations 
of  the  Early  Church  and  the  monastic  orders  of  the  Middle  Ages, 
these  being  linked  with  the  extensive  and  varied  activities  of  the 
New  York  Catholic  Charities. 

Continuity  of  theme  and  title  leave  nothing  to  be  desired  in 
this  excellent  production.  Much  has  been  made  of  artistic  pre- 
sentation of  Biblical  scenes,  some  of  the  views  reminding  one 
of  the  beauty  so  characteristic  of  Fra  Angelico's  earnest  inspired 
frescoes  in  San  Marco,  Florence.  The  "inasmuch"  idea  has  been 
reverently  and  beautifully  interwoven  throughout,  modern  char- 
ities being  featured  as  the  outgrowth  of  the  Christ  example,  link- 
ing the  Christian  to  his  risen  Lord  through  the  spirit  and  practice 
of  service.  The  picture  is  one  of  definite  religious  influence  and 
value,  no  less  than  highly  informative  along  the  specific  lines 
which  it  illustrates. 

"WHAT  HAPPENED  TO  ROSA" 

By  Glen  Visscher 
TT7HAT  Happened  to  Rosa  loses  much  of  its  charm  because 
VV  the  love  story  is  highly  improbable,  this  necessary  "inter- 
est" being  sacrificed  in  favor  of  Mabel  Normand's  clowning,  for 
whom  it  serves  as  a  vehicle.  But  it  has  two  good  points:  First, 
it  is  funny,  and  since  its  fun  is  clean  and  decent,  it  thereby  lifts 
one  out  of  the  too  serious  for  a  few  minutes  of  perfectly  innocent 
silliness  and  consequent  relaxation.  Second,  it" is  an  exposition 
of  what  powerful  suggestion  can  do,  reacting  on  the  human 
mind,  and  it  would  be  a  good  thing  if  all  of  us  had  the  imagina- 
tion and  the  incentive  to  try  to  be  more  charming,  more  beautiful, 
and  more  lovable,  as  did  Rosa! 

Mayme  Ladd,  a  thin  and  work-weary  department  store  drudge, 
seeking  a  dash  of  color  in  her  drab  existence,  goes  to  an  occult 
seeress  and  is  told  that  she  is  not  plain,  shabby,  big-eyed  Mayme, 
but  a  fascinating,  bewitchingly  beautiful  Spanish  dancer;  that 
her  real  name  is  Rosa  Alvaro,  and  that  to  see  her  is  to  love  her! 
Isn't  a  "fortune"  like  that  worth  the  price?  From  then  on, 
Mayme,  or  Rosa,  as  she  now  thinks  of  herself,  strives  to  create,  out 
of  the  void,  love  and  romance,  personified  by  a  "dark,  handsome" 
young  man,  spoken  of  by  the  seeress,  with  some  funny,  and  some 
merely  foolish,  complications  up  to  a  happy  ending. 

Rosa  could  easify  have  been  made  a  much  more  appealing 
character,  a  wistful  sort  of  big  sister  to  Sarah  Crewe,  but  this 
story  was  evidently  filmed  for  comedy  purposes,  mainly. 

"THE  NEW  PALESTINE" 

TIME  NEW  PALESTINE,  a  five-reel  motion  picture  featuring 
the  reclamation  of  the  Holy  Land  by  Jewish  pioneers  was 
recently  shown  in  the  Pabst  Theater,  Milwaukee,  Wis.  Besides 
scenes  of  the  schools,  land  cultivation  and  mode  of  living,  there 
are  scenes  of  the  British  military  campaign  against  the  Turks 
under  Gen.  Allenl)y,  and  of  the  Inying  of  the  foundation  stone 
of  the  Hebrew  University  on  Mount  Zion. 


NEW  COMEDIES  DISTRIBUTED  BY  EDUCATIONA 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

HERE  is  a  "find"  in  comedies!  Bright  little  stories  the) 
are,  which  may  be  commended  for  general  recreational 
programs. 

Dummy  Love.  1  reel.  To  be  free  from  interruption  during  a 
pending  proposal  of  marriage,  the  pretty  heroine  places  a  dummy 
man  at  the  window  and  makes  love  to  him.  This  wards  off  callers 
but  also  has  the  unfortunate  effect  of  antagonizing  the  expected 
lover.  Lively  times  follow,  finally  involving  the  innocent  muUc 
teacher  of  the  girl  next  door — he  who  lent  the  coat  and  hat  worn 
by  the  dummy.  After  much  rapid  fun  explanations  restore  the 
harmony  so  essential  to  a  successful  proposal.  Cut  title:  "We'll 
go  in  and  kill  him." 

Zero  Love.  1  reel.  Fickle  Betty  leaves  Jack  and  his  guitar 
when  Jim  appears  with  his  new  auto.  To  win  back  her  interest 
Jack  fakes  an  accident  in  front  of  Betty's  house.  She  takes  him 
in  and  nurses  him  so  tenderly  that  Jim  decides  to  resort  to  heroic 
measures  also.  After  she  has  two  invalids  installed  in  her  house 
Betty  discovers  the  deception  and,  aided  by  the  handsome  young 
doctor  she  has  called  to  her  patients,  she  proceeds  to  get  ever 
with  them.  The  doctor  packs  one  injured  party  in  ice  and  sleams 
the  other.     Then,  reversing  the  treatment,  he  leaves  them  to  theii 

'.e  and  takes  Betty  motoring  in  Jim's  car. 

Take  Your  Time.  1  reel.  In  the  rush  of  preparation  for  a 
sea  trip  the  young  parents  inadvertently  leave  the  baby  at  home. 
After  wild  search,  maddening  delays,  and  general  frantic  hurry, 
they  arrive  at  the  dock  with  the  precious  infant  only  to  find  the 
i.iip  they  are  booked  for  does  not  sail  for  two  days.  So  the> 
camp  on  the  wharf  and  the  dockmaster  plays  with  the  baby. 
Title  "Let's  steal  the  baby  and  have  some  fun,"  and  scene  oi 
children  standing  baby  on  its  head  may  be  cut  when  likely  tc 
influence  impressionable  children. 

Three  Jokers.  1  reel.  Father  insists  he  will  withhold  his  pater- 
nal blessing  until  his  daughter  has  had  three  proposals.  The 
true  lover  coerces  two  men  friends  into  posing  as  suitors.  Fathei 
discovers  the  plot  and  chases  the  first  suitor  out  of  doors.  The 
second,  a  timid  creature  engaged  to  another  girl,  is  at  once 
accepted,  father  declaring  the  wedding  shall  take  place  immeJ 
dately  and  securing  the  services  of  a  minister.  Strenuous  efl'orts 
to  avert  the  disaster  follow,  until  father,  having  had  his  liltk 
joke,  explains  that  the  minister  is  only  a  movie  actor.  Cut  title: 
"I  haven't  any  money  and  I  drink."  Cut  title  "Inspecting  the 
latest  models  in  stripped  speedsters,"  and  the  following  short 
scenes  in  a  cabaret. 

30,000  FEET  OF  BIBLE  FILMS 

THE   Dawn,  of  the  World  is  the  title  given   the   magnificeni 
Italian  production  of  Old  Testament  stories  from  Genesis  He 
the  death  of  Moses,  consisting  of  about  30,000  feet  of  picturesi 

A  special  exhibition  of  the  film,  reduced. to  15,000  feet,  tool 
place  recently  at  the  Palace  Theater,  London,  with  Mrs.  Patriot 
Campbell  reciting  the  prolog  and  epilog  written  by  Louis  N 
Parker.  A  writer  in  the  Bioscope  thus  sums  up  his  impressioi^ 
of  the  picture:  f 

"A.s  a  Biblf  story  it  i.s  wliolly  ex<'('llcnt.  .some  of  tlic  scenes,  par- 
tieiilnrly  that  showiiijt  tlu-  crossing  of  Hie  Keil  Sea,  being  extremely 
effective. 

"The  production  is  oertiiinly  one  of  tlie  most  HMihitiotis  wliieh  h. 
yet  l)een  put  on  the  screen,  infinite  eare  and  i)atienee  have  resiilti 
in  tlie  |)ro<liieti(m  of  it  .series  of  speetaeles  of  (piite  unusual  lieauty,  ano 
tliere  is  a  stereosc()]>i<-  effect  al)out  tlie  photograpliy  whieli  has  rarelv 
lieen  seen  in  past  work  eitlter  from  Italy  or  from  any  otiier  part  of  tliti 
world.  The  film  is  projeeled  from  the  liaek  of  the  stage  on  to  a  sereep' 
which  is  suspended  in  mid-air,  leaving  the  actual  stage  clear  for  Ihti 
u.se  of  actors  arul  animals,  with  whose  aid  the  story  Is,  illu.strated.  4 
special  system  of  lighting  is  al.so  in  use,  and  there  are  a  spioken  prolr^ 
and  epilog." 


16 


"THE  NEW  MINISTER" 

T~^HIS    picture,    produced    with    church    entertainment    needs 

I    especially  in  mind,  deals  with  that  vital  question  of  the  mo- 

j        ment,  the  illicit  manufacture  and  sale  of  liquor. 

I  Reverend  Hoiiier  Rrown,  a  brilliant  young  city  minister,  is  prac- 
tically driven  from  his  parish  because  of  his  radical  views  on  the 
liquor  question.  Taking  a  country  parish,  he  finds  there  evidences  that 
(iquor-selling  is  protected  by  moneyed  interests.  Thereupon  he  opens 
jiis  crusade  by  a  fiery  sermon.  I'nfortunately  a  parishoner  saw  him 
flisguise  and  visit  the  local  saloon  while  gathering  evidence  for  this 
pennon.  Eventually,  wearing  the  same  disguise,  he  traps  the  man  who 
brings  the  liquor  into  town,  and  turns  him  over  to  the  p'ederal  agents, 
frhc  story  of  his  visit  to  the  saloon  is  then  put  into  circulation  in  a 
|neighl)orhoo(l  where  back-biting  is  the  breath  of  life  to  most  people. 
Brown's  resignation  is  requested  at  the  very  hour  of  his  marriage  to 
itiis  loyal  city  sweetheart.  The  revenue  officer  and  a  man  who  saw  the 
lininister   did   not   drink   in   the   saloon   unite   in   clearing   his   diaracter. 

il'he  parishoners  double  his  salary  and  he  agrees  to  go  on  with  the 
jood  work. 
Interwoven  with  this  main  theme  are  the  intrigues  of  match- 
jmaking  mammas  and  susceptible  maiden  ladies,  malignant  gossip 
pf  lady  church  members,  warnings  of  male  time-servers  against 
lingering  the  local  "big  interests,"  together  with  the  idiosyncrasies 
bf  country  yokels,  and  the  comic  crudities  of  village  cantatas  and 
jchicken  suppers.  The  introduction  of  a  larger  number  of  normal 
■and  wholesome  parishioners  would  furnish  relief  from  the 
^grotesque  and  malignant  types  which  almost  completely  dominate 
[the  screen,  yet  the  producer  is  to  be  congratulated  upon  the 
pomedy  character-types  he  has  assembled  for  these  scenes. 
j  We  cannot  but  regret  that  the  young  minister,  although  seen 
[preaching,  praying,  and  pronouncing  benedictions,  evinces  no 
:real  indication  of  that  spiritual  power  and  inner  poise  which 
alone  motivate  action  at  once  constructive  and  enduring.  Al- 
though intended  primarily  for  entertainment,  the  service  qualities 
of  this  picture  could  have  been  doubled  by  a  more  subtle  charac- 
terization presenting  indications  of  the  deeper  nature  possessed 
by  all  genuine  members  of  the  Christian  ministry. 

The    Sew    ilinister.      Produced    by    Radclifre-Bingham    Co.,    Millville,    N.    J. 
S  reels. 


i  SCENICS  RECENTLY  RELEASED  BY  EDUCATIONAL 

T]?7HAT   is   it   which   draws   all   people   together?     What   is    it   which 
"     gives  that  touch  of  direct  appeal  that  breaks  down  barriers  of  lan- 
guage, customs,  and  race?     Xext  to  babies,  it  is  the  .smile.     I$oth  these 
.appeals  are  stressed  .strongly  in  three  of  tbe  following  releases: 

Jn  Kiikimotion  Pirture,  featuring  the  home  life  of  Labrador  K.skimos, 
begins  with  lioth  babies  and  smiles,  as  the  little  eskimos  crawl  out  of 
the  family  igloo  and  are  followed  by  their  elders.  Domestic  and  ag- 
ricultural methods  are  illustrated,  glimpses  of  school  life  and  unusual 
.scenes  at  the  mission,  including  an  outdoor  marriage,  combine  to  pro- 
;duce  a  picture  of  lively  interest. 

The  Red  Trail'*  End  depicts  the  home  life  and  agricultural  customs 
of  the  Taos  Indians  who  live  in  the  mesas  l)uilt  by  their  ancestors 
before  Columb>is  discovered  America.  Interesting  contrasts  are  shown 
:  between  the  ancient  and  the  modern.  Horses  tread  out  the  wheat  ami 
men  winnow  the  grain  by  hand,  while  an  old  brave  is  seen  writing 
the  inuneniorial  history  of  his  tribe  with  the  aid  of  the  latest  model  in 
»  fountain  pens.  Nearl)y  a  young  brave  is  painting  a  land.scape  with 
;  the  technique  of  a  modern  Parisian  artist. 

Hittini;  the  Hot  Spots  takes  us  in  imagination  to  the  hot  springs  of 
'Maori  Land  in  company  with  a  party  of  smiling  natives  who  perforin 
\    risky   "stunts"   in   and   about  the   springs   for   the  edification   of   all   be- 
holders.    Remarkable  scenes  of   steaming  mountain   .slopes   and   do.seup 
' '  Views  of  boiling  springs  furnish  impre.ssive  material. 

The  Merry  Little  Put-l'ut  and  its  adventurous  experience  in  the  grip 
of  an  .\laskan  ice  floe  forms  a  sharp  contrast  to  the  l)oillng  springs 
,  of  Maori  Land.  The  jiut-put  was  originally  a  row  boat  and  hatl  been 
fitted  out  with  a  motor.  After  trying  unsuccessfully  to  diml)  a  cascade 
she  .gets  herself  caught  in  the  ice,  thereby  lengthening  an  intended 
two-hours'  trip  to  one  that   lasts   two  days. 

./  Philippine  Futurity  and  An  Angle  in  Idaho  are  combine<l  in  one 
reel,  the  first  beifig  a  study  in  Philippine  cattle  and  the  second  a  fisliing 
trip  on  the  rivers  of  Idaho  when  the  salmon  are  .swimming  upstream. 
'■  One  Peek  is  P/enfy.  when  it's  taken  from  the  majestic  sumniit  of 
';  Mount  AsSiniboine,  the  American  Matferhorn,  after  the  neces.sary 
perilous  climb.  A  subject  of  unusual  beauty  in  a  scenic  way  and  titled 
in  a  pleasant,  chatty  manner  that  does  not  destroy  the  effect  of  nature's 
grandeur.  •'  ' 

17 


NEW  FORD  EDUCATIONAL  LIBRARY  RELEASES 

OF  decided  historic  value  is  Landmarks  of  the  Revolution  which  in- 
cludes scenes  associated  with  Paul  Revere's  famous  ride  and  the 
stirring  events  in  Lexington  and  Concord  on  April  19,  1775.  These 
views  are  supplemented  by  a  diagram  showing  the  route  followed  by 
Revere.  The  reel  is  completed  by  views  of  the  Washington  Elm  in 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  King's  Chapel,  Fanueil  Hall,  Copp's  Burial 
Ground,  Bunker  Hill  Monument,  and  other  points  of  historcal  interest 
in  Boston. 

Completing  the  famous  scenes  in  and  al)Out  Boston,  the  second  reel 
of  this  subject  continues  the  historic  ])ilgrimage  by  visualizing  land- 
marks in  Philadelphia,  Valley  Forge,  New  York,  and  Movmt  Vernon. 
Tliree  heroes  of  the  Revolution  and  tlie  moniuuents  erected  to  their 
menmry  are  shown:  Washington,  .Vdams,  and  Jefferson.  The  film 
concludes  with  a  description  of  the  flags  of  the  Revolution  from  the 
"Pine  Tree  Flag"  adopted  by  Massachusetts  to  the  first  "Stars  and 
Stripes"  made  by  Betsey  Ross. 

Presidents  of  the  United  States  offers  g(M)d  patriotic  and  American- 
ization material  in  a  series  of  portraits  of  the  presidents  beginning  with 
Washington. 

Nassau  To  Kingston  transports  the  S])ectator  to  West  Indian  waters 
where  ship  is  taken  at  Nassau,  capital  of  the  Bahamas,  and  a  leisurely 
voyage  is  made  to  the  Bay  of  Jamaica,  famed  for  its  beauty. 

Lnmher  Industry  No.  IS  tells  the  story  of  the  arduous,  dangerous, 
and  thrilling  life  of  the  lumberjack.  This  includes  the  felling  of  trees, 
various  methods  of  transporting  logs  from  forest  to  mill,  the  "river 
drive"  constituting  the  most  exciting  metliod.  The  picture  concludes 
with  scenes  in  the  saw  mill  where  logs  are  transfonned  into  lumber. 

Old  Mexico  of  Today.  \  film  trip  around  the  city  includes  views  of 
the  principal  buildings,  parks,  and  tlie  surrounding  localities  rich  in 
historic  lore  and  architectural  treasures. 

Roiind-Up  on  the  Bar  U.  Filmed  on  a  large  ranch  near  Calgary, 
Canada,  this  picture  gives  opportunity  for  compari-son  between  the 
Canadian  range-riders  and  the  cow  iiunchers  of  the  United  States. 

Some  of  Vnrle  Sam's  Workshops.  The  handling  of  the  I'nited  States 
mails  is  graphically  demonstrated  in  this  picture,  including  details  of 
the  improved  methods  by  which  the  government  serves  the  people 
through   its  postal  system. 

Yosemite  Valley,  viewed  not  alone  from  the  scenic  standpoint  but 
from  the  geological  as  well.  Instructive  <liagranis  show  how  this  deep 
valley  is  the  result  of  ice  erosion  in  past  ages. 

||k         |Mj 

KINETO  RELEASES  OF  HIGH  STANDARD 

J^OY  Scouts  of  America  furnishes  a  striking  historic  record  of  the 
-*-'  visit  made  to  England  of  301  Boy  .Scouts  in  the  summer  of  1920; 
the  historic  spots  they  visited;  their  meeting  witli  famous  people  and 
all  that  went  to  make  up  a  never-to-be-forgotten  trip. 

Let's  See  the  Animals.  An  instructive  and  pleasurable  visit  to  the 
famous  Philadelphia  Zoo. 

Manhattan  Life.  The  infinitely  varied  phases  of  New  York  life  arc 
herein  depicted,  the  educational,  industrial,  and  cosmopolitan  features 
being  stressed.  Roof  playgrounds  and  kitchen-gardens  are  among  the 
interesting  and  practical  scenes  included. 

Morocco  The  Mysterious.  A  visit  to  Fez,  the  picturesque  capital  of 
Morocco. 

Paris  The  Beautiful.  One  of  the  world's  queen  cities  with  all  her 
fascination  of  noble  and  historic  buildings,  her  smiling  parks  and  busy 
boulevards. 

Peculiar  Pets  Ferrets,  Japanese  waltzing  mice,  a  fox,  guine?.  pig^, 
Shetland  ponies,  a  spotted  fawn,  kittens,  dogs  and  monkeys- — a  wide 
choice,  and  at  least  one  favorite  for  each  spectator. 

Sxaai  That  Fly.  A  one-reel  film  on  this  vital  subject  is  issued  in  two 
.separate  editions:  one  a  popular  edition  released  throug»i  the  theaters; 
the  other  a  technical  edition  available  through  boards  of  health.  Latest 
discoveries  of  science  regarding  the  house  fly  are  visualized  in  this  pic- 
ture, which  draws  on  the  best  in  modern  motion-photography  for  its 
adequate  exposition. 

*       f 

IN  EITROPE  AND  AFRICA  WITH  BURTON  HOLMES 

rpHE  famous  Galata  Bridge  in  Constantinople  is  the  subject  of  the 
-*-  travel  picture  released  May  8.  This'  britlge,  .spanning  the  Golden 
Horn  from  the  native  quarters  to  the  foreign,  is  a  thoroughfare  of 
the  most  cosmojwlitan  nature.  Ships  from  the  ports  of  the  whole 
world  are  to  be  seen  from  this  hridge,  as  well  as  a  view  of  the  famous 
and  beautiful  Golden   Horn  bay. 

The  enchanting  beauty  of  the  Cote  D'Azzure  is  nowhere  more  pro- 
nounced than  at  Monte  Carlo,  as  the  travel  picture  released  May  15 
indicates.  Views  are  shown  of  the  Prince  of  Monaco's  castle,  the 
Casino,  the  Pigeon  Shooting  Club's  ranges,  and  the  famous  terraces 
and  rocky  headlands 

The  teeming,  noisy,  colorful  Bazaars  of  Cairo  are  visited  in  the  re- 
lease of  May  22.  Quaint  shopkec])ers  and  their  peculiar  business 
methods,  their  fascinating  wares,  their  odd  booths,  are  realistically' 
shown. 

Country  Life  In  Bohemia,  the  May  29  travel  release,  lakes  us  to  the 
land  known  as  Czeclio-Slovakia,  where  a  happj',  healthy,  hospitable 
people  are  shown  in  their  picturesque  national  costumes  and  amidst 
the  festive  gaiety  of  their  frequent  holidays. 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 

VISUALIZED  TRAINING  OF  EMPLOYEES 

National  Association  of  Corporation  Training  Will  Hear  Significant 

Report  of  Its  Committee  and  See  Films  at  Annual 

Convention  in  Niagara  Falls 


A  COMMITTEE  on  Visualized  Training  was  appointed  at 
the  1920  convention  of  tlie  National  Association  of  Corp- 
oration Training  to  make  a  survey  of  the  use  of  motion 
pictures  for  training  purposes  and  this  report  will  be  read 
at  the  1921  convention  to  be  held  at  Niagara  Falls,  June  6  to  10. 
The  morning  of  June  8  will  be  devoted  to  a  discussion  of  the 
subject  of  visualized  training,  its  value  in  teaching  efficiency  to 
employees  of  industrial  plants,  financial  institutions,  and  com- 
mercial organizations,  and  the  talks  will  be  illustrated  by  motion 
pictures.  Representatives  of  the  big  business  interests  in  the 
United  States  will  attend  the  conference. 

In  January,  1921,  1000  questionnaires  were  sent  to  producers, 
educators,  and  industrial  plants  which  exhibit  motion  pictures  to 
their  employees.  The  answers  show  that  motion  pictures  have 
undoubtedly  found  a  place  in  industrial  training  although  few 
real  training  films  have  been  produced.  The  following  specific 
statements  made  by  industrial  users  of  motion  pictures,  relative 
to  the  exhibition  of  films  to  their  employees,  will  be  of  interest: 
Comments  of  Industrial  Users 

"To  reach  employees  not  interested  in  other  forms  of  educa- 
tional work." 

"To  save  time,  give  breadth  to  the  instruction,  and  to  increase 
interest." 

"To  encourage  men  to  gain  promotion  through  the  avenues  of 
study." 

"They  show  industrial  methods  and  production  features  of 
other  industries." 

"They  make  points  clear,  that  cannot  be  explained  in  any 
other  way  to  ignorant  or  illiterate  workmen." 

"They  have  visualized  a  part  of  our  home  office  to  the  field 
force." 

"Tliey  have  visualized  technical  processes." 

"They  have  made  it  possible  for  every  shop  to  have  the  services 
of  experts  at  a  minimum  expense." 

"They  have  illustrated  the  action  of  high  speed  machinery  by 
utilizing  the  ultra-rapid  camera  and  then  reduced  so  that  the 
action  is  clearly  seen." 

Most  of  the  existing  films  are  too  general  in  their  scope,  others 
contain  too  much  irrelevant  matter  and  obscure  the  point  being 
made,  is  the  criticism  made  by  the  Committee  on  Visualized 
Training.  The  Elements  of  an  Automobile  and  films  of  similar 
character  prepared  for  strictly  training  purposes  should  be  stud- 
ied, with  reference  to  the  proper  placing  of  emphasis  and  peda- 
gogical presentation  of  the  subject.  Animated  drawings  offer 
greater  poseibilities  for  training  than  any  other  motiion  picture 
process.  The  ba.sic  value  is  in  the  emphasis  that  can  be  placed 
upon  the  point  made,  coupled  with  a  clear  conception  and  logical 
development  of  the  theme. 

Value  of  the  Ultra  Rapid  Film 

The  possibilities  of  the  ultra  ra[)id  film  for  visual  training 
are  almost  unlimited.     No  expert  machine  operator  can  tell  the 


superb  points  of  his  own  excellent  performance.     If  he  tries  ^ 
reduce  his  speed  so  that  the  eye  can  follow,  he  loses  the  rhythij 
and  the  value  of  the  demonstration  is  lost.     But  take  a  pictu; 
at  high  speed  and  project  it  at  the  normal  rate  and  the  pictun 
will  demonstrate  these  excellent  points  to  the  surprise  of  all,  in; 
eluding  the  industrial  operator  himself. 

Every  member  of  the  association  will  receive  a  printed  repoUi 
of  the  survey  made  by  the  committee  which  consists  of  H.  Mi 
Jefferson,  Federal  Reserve  Bank ;  Roy  L.  Davis,  American  Cinem^ 
Corporation;  P.  A.  Raibourn,  Famous  Players-Lasky  Corport^* 
tion;  Miss  Elizabeth  Bohn,  Worcester  Film  Corporation;  F.  R. 
Jenkins,  Commonwealth  Edison  Corporation,  Chicago;  J.  C 
Hormel,  George  A.  Hormel  &  Co.,  Austin,  Minn. 

All  the  information  obtained  by  the  committee  relative  to  thf 
production  of  films  for  visualized  training  is  available  to  anj 
member  of  the  association,  who  may  conteanplate  having  pictures 
made. 

An  invitation  is  extended  to  producers  and  persons  interested 
in  the  use  of  instructional  films  to  attend  the  conference  held 
at  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  Auditorium,  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.,  June  8,  from 
9  a  .m.  to  12:30  p.  m. 

w   w 

"THE  STORY  OF  A  STICK" 

THE  Story  of  a  Stick  is  a  one  reel  informational  film  dis- 
tributed by  the  Long-Bell  Lumber  Company,  Kansas  City, 
Mo.  "Make  me  a  boat"  is  the- youthfully-worded  command  of  a 
little  boy  to  his  grandfather,  as  they  stroll  through  the  park. 
The  old  man  whittles  a  boat  from  a  stick  of  wood  and  he  tells 
the  boy  a  story  about  the  great  lumber  industry,  which  is  visual- 
ized in  the  film:  Gigantic  logging  operations,  from  the  cutting 
down  of  the  trees,  their  transportation  to  the  mills,  and  the 
operation  of  the  machinery  of  the  big  saw  mills.  The  experienced 
grader  is  shown  at  work,  examining  thoroughly  each  piece  ofi 
lumber,  marking  its  grade  before  being  sent  to  the  dry  kilns.    ■ 

The  scene  shifts  to  a  southern  seaport  where  a  freighter  is 
being  loaded  from  rafts  with  timber  for  export  which  is  lowered 
into  the  hold  by  machinery.  The  child  is  pleased  with  the  story. 
and  the  boat  whittled  from  a  stick  of  wood,  and  returns  with* 
his  grandfather  to  their  home  to  show  the  new  boat  to  his  mother 
who  greets  them  at  the  door  of  a  modern  house  built  of  trade- 
mark lumber. 

The  Story  of  a  Stick  was  produced  by  the  Rothacker  Filmi 
Manufacturing  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

TAKING  THE  MOUNTAIN  TO  MAHOMET 

IT'OR  two  years  pearl  button  manufacturers  have  been  trying  to 
get  members  of  congress  to  come  out  to  the  Mississippi  river 
and  see  the  work  of  propagating  clams  artificially,  in  order  to 
restore  depleted  beds  of  mussel  shells.  Unable  to  get  a  committee 
to  make  the  trip  the  manufacturers  have  had  motion  pictures 
taken  of  the  work  of  impregnating  fish  with  the  glochidia  of  the 
clam,  and  will  show  the  films  in  congressional  committee  rooms. 


18 


"RIBBONOLOGY" 

T^IBBONOLOGY  is  a  three  reel  picture  which  visualizes  the 
tl/  intricate  processes  involved  in  the  manufacture  of  ribbons 
tnA  its  adaptability  to  feminine  attire.  The  film  visualizes  the 
"are  required  in  mating  the  silk  worms,  and  there  are  increasing 
jnicroscopic  scenes  of  a  silk  worm  weaving  its  cocoon,  the  pro- 
■iuction  of  raw  silk,  and  the  manufacturing  process  of  ribbons. 
ifhe  first  reel  shows  the  cocoons  being  assorted,  classified,  and 
placed  in  basins  of  boiling  water  to  melt  the  gummy  substance 
Vhich  adheres  to  the  filaments,  then  reeled  into  skeins  for  ship- 
inent. 

When  the  raw  silk  arrives  at  the  American  mills  the  skeins  are 
)Ut  into  tubes  containing  a  solution  of  oil  and  boiling  water  to 
iemove  superfluous  gum,  placed  on  the  spinning  machines,  and 
nade  into  strong  silk  thread.  It  is  then  dyed,  wound  on  the 
;)obbins,  and  made  ready  for  the  complicated  process  of  weaving 
,Vhich  is  depicted  in  the  film. 

Figured  or  fancy  designs  of  ribbon  are  made  on  the  Jaccard 
oom.  The  pattern  is  controlled  by  a  series  of  paper  cards  with 
loles  punched  in  them,  similar  to  the  music  rolls  for  player 
)ianos.  Where  the  hole  is  punched  it  permits  the  thread  of  the 
varp  to  be  lifted,  and  where  it  is  not  punched  the  warp  threads 
.emain  down  and  the  weft  is  woven  over  it. 

I  Extreme  care  is  observed  in  examining  every  yard  of  ribbon 
iluring  the  process  of  weaving  and  again  inspected  for  imper- 
tections,  before  it  is  sent  to  the  finishing  department,  where  it  is 
jun  over  hot  rollers,  to  give  the  luster. 

The  adaptability  of  ribbons  of  all  widths  are  shown  in  the  last 
pol.  the  designer  draping  them  on  living  models,  converting 
imple  dresses  into  elaborate  afternoon  or  evening  gowns  by 
idding  handsome  girdles  and  sashes.  Many  unique  uses  for 
ibbons  are  depicted,  including  ribbon  accessories  for  children's 
lothes. 

Rihhonology.  Distributed  by  Johnson,  Cowdin  &  Co.,  Inc.,  »8  East  SOth  Street, 
v'ew  Y'orlc  City. 

THE  STORY  OF  OLYMPIC  FEEDS 

1%  ^OTION  pictures  have  entered  the  field  of  agricultural 
ly I    development,  as  a  new  teacher  and  valuable  aid  to  the 

t  progressive  farmer.     Films  show  the  eff'ects  of  plant  and 

nimal  diseases  and  how  they  cap  be  combated.     A  motion  pic- 
ure   depicting  the  proper   feeding   of  live   stock  is   distributed, 
hroughout  the  rural  communities  in-  the  west,  by  the  Olympic 
;  'eeds  Company  of  Spokane,  Wash. 

:  I  It  tells  a  story  about  two  farmers,  who  use  old-fashioned 
nethods  in  feeding  their  livestock.  A  son  of  one  of  the  farmers 
eturns  from  an  agricultural  college  and  tries  to  convert  them 
1  o  modern  scientific  feeding,  but  the  farmers  are  obstinate  and 
?  efuse  to  take  advantage  of  the  younger  man's  advice.  They 
"  onsent,  however,  to  a  demonstration  and  promise  to  give  it  a 
■1  air  trial  after  a  visit  to  the  mills 

J I  Their  inspection  of  the  preparation  of  this  food  gives  them 
f  .  practical  knowledge  of  this  important  industry.  They  see  the 
election  of  the  wheat,  oats,  barley,  alfalfa,  soy  bean,  kaffir  corn, 
!  om,  maize,  hemp,  peas,  and  other  products  used  in  the  manu- 
acture  of  a  diversified  line  of  stock  and  poultry  feeds.  Dried 
'Uttermilk  is  mixed  with  many  of  the  Olympic  feeds  and  the 
armers  inspect  the  great  rolling  machines  into  which  is  poured 

■  he  raw  product  that  is  converted  into  great  sheets  of  dried  milk 
■:  eady  for  the  mixing  machine. 

t  The  story  has  a  happy  finale,  as  the  farmers  adopt  the  modern 
<  lethod,  after  a  successful  two  months'  trial,  feeding  their  cattle 
;  nd  poultry  on  the  products  of  the  Olympic  mills.  This  is  a  one 
;f  eel  drama  produced  by  the  Alexander  Film  Company  of  Spo- 

■  ane,  Washington. 


19 


"JUST  KIDS" 

JUST  KIDS  is  not  a  picture  about  frolicking  children  or  gam- 
boling goats,  but  a  story  of  gloves,  telling  how  the  goat  hide, 
horsehide,  and  pigskin  are  converted  into  gloves  of  every  kind 
and  fashion. 

As  yet  no  machinery  has  been  invented  which  can  make  gloves 
without  man's  supervision,  and  most  of  the  finer  gloves  are  made 
by  hand.  The  wetting  and  stretching  of  hides  is  too  delicate 
work  to  be  given  to  heavy  machinery;  and  so  with  the  cutting, 
while  it  is  done  by  a  small  tool,  each  glove  is  cut  separately  by 
the  man  handling  the  die. 

In  the  Ford  Educational  Weekly  No.  184  Just  Kids  we  follow 
the  hide  through  the  factory,  as  it  is  cut  into  many  parts  and 
then  fitted  together  and  stitched.  All  kinds  of  gloves  are  made, 
including  gauntlets,  for  which  the  cuffs  are  pasted,  stitched,  and 
fastened  to  the  hand  of  the  glove. 

The  entire  manufacturing  process  is  visualized  from  the  select- 
ing of  the  hides  to  the  final  inspection  of  the  finished  gloves  ready 
for  shipment. 

H^        Ml 

SHOWS  AMERICAN  INDUSTRIALS  TO  RUSSIANS 
CiE2lGE  GEIMAN,  secretary  of  the  information  bureau  of  the 

Russian  Cooperative  Unions,  has  found  a  new  field  of  utility 
for  industrial  pictures,  when  he  shows  films  visualizing  the  mag- 
nitude of  America's  big  industrial  interests  in  conjunction  with 
his  lectujes  Sunday  afternoons  at  the  Labor  Temple,  New  York 
City.  These  illustrated  talks  are  attended  by  Russians  who  con- 
template returning  to  their  native  country,  convinced  that  Soviet 
Russia  is  a  workman's  paradise,  particularly  for  those  that  have 
had  technical  industrial  training  in  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Geiman  emphasizes  the  industrial  opportunities  of  America 
and  shows  films  of  large  manufacturing  plants  and  their  proc- 
esses of  production,  hoping  thereby  that  some  may  be  induced 
to  remain  here.  Films  depicting  the  making  of  silks,  woolens, 
hats,  and  shoes  have  been  loaned  to  Mr.  Geiman  by  Arthur  Weis- 
enberger,  director  of  the  Bureau  of  Research  and  Information  of 
the  National  Retail  Dry  Goods  Association  and  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NOTES 

The  four  reel  picture  produced  for  the  Allied  Wall  Paper  Company 
of  New  York  is  being  exhibited  to  students  of  art,  trade,  and  high 
schools  of  Indiana.  The  picture  shows  all  the  processes  through 
which  the  raw  material  passes,  'before  it  is  a  finished  product,  and 
includes  a  demonstration  of  the  making  of  wall  papers. 

John  L.  Harper,  vice-president  of  the  Niagara  Falls  Power  Com- 
pany, gave  an  illustrated  lecture  recently  with  lantern  slides  and 
motion  pictures,  entitled  "The  Development  of  Power  at  Niagara 
Falls",  to  the  members  of  the  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Engineering  Society. 

Your  Point  of  View,  a  film  produced  for  the  National  Optometrists' 
Association  to  pronK>te  a  national  movement  for  the  conservation 
of  human  vision  is  being  shown  to  the  school  children  of  Illinois. 

»   w 

MOTION  PICTURES  AT  ELLIS  ISLAND 

'T'HE  steerage  passenger  arriving  from  overseas  formerly  started 
life  in  America  with  something  of  a  grudge  against  a  Land 
of  Promise  which  impeded  his  progress  to  success  at  its  very 
threshold.  His  first  evening  at  Ellis  Island  was  likely  to  be  a 
bitter  one,  with  feelings  of  mingled  resentment,  bewilderment, 
and  discouragement.  That  is  changed  now.  At  the  request  of 
Commissioner  Wall  is  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  has  undertaken  to  provide 
motion  picture  entertainments  for  inmiigrants  three  nights  a 
week.  The  result  has  been  that  since  the  service  was  established 
in  November,  1920,  there  has  been  an  appreciable  improvement 
in  spirits  and  morale.  Through  the  cooperation  of  W.  D.  Mc- 
Guire,  Jr.,  Executive  Secretary  of  the  National  Board  of  Review, 
the  immigrants  have  seen  pictures  released  by  many  national 
producers,  including  among  others,  Famous  Players,  Goldwyn, 
Pathe,  Select,  Universal,  and  Vitagraph. 

i 


'THE  FOUR  HORSEMEN  OF  THE  APOCALYPSE" 

(Continued  from  page  14) 
a  castle  filled  with  art  objects,  the  most  gloated  over — a  gold 
bathtub!  These  are  looted,  carried  away  by  the  invading  army 
and  crumbled  by  their  guns.  The  lazy,  spoiled  Julio,  worship- 
Jlring  self  in  the  form  of  idle  pleasure,"  makes  the  conquest  of 
another  man's  wife.  And  how  happily,  complacently,  each  bumps 
his  forehead  to  the  ground  before  the  idol  he  has  set  up!  ... 
While  the  Horsemen  are  galloping  ....  nearer!  Then  Julio  and 
Marguerite,  unhappy  lovers,  learn  the  joy  of  unselfish  devotion, 
of  serving,  instead  of  being  served.  .  .  .  And  the  last  of  the  Cen- 
taur's dsscehdants,  his  idol  Julio,  and  a  Hartrott  grandson,  meet 
- — a  Frenchman  and  a  German — and  fall,  in  battle! 


'PROBLEMS  OF  PIN-HOLE  PARISH" 


"tULIO    apt!    MarKuerite,    unhappy    lovers,    learn    the    joy    of    unselfish 
J    devotion;  of  serving:,  instead  of  being;  served." 

Techriically,  this  picture  is  excellent.  The  acting  is  good,  the 
types  and  charactefi^alions  life-like,  in  several  instances  ideal; 
notably,  the  Julio  of  Rudolph  Valentino  and  the  Tchernoff  of 
Nigel  de  Brulier,  whose  sensitive  visualization  of  thoughts  and 
emotions  is  poignant  and  powerful.  The  photography  and  the 
lighting  are  artistic  and  the  adaptation  and  the  direction,  in 
lifting  the  story  out  of  the  mass  of  words  and  scenes  contained 
in  the  long  novel,  admirable. 

It  is  suggested  that  cuts  be  made  in  the  first  part,  in  the  Ar- 
gentine, dance-hail  scene,  and  in  the  last  part,  some  of  the  scenes 
of  the  German  occupation  of  Desnoyers'  castle  might  prove 
objectionable,  although   founded   on   historical   fact. 


ALL  AROUND 

WITH  THE 

CAMERAMAN 

Issued  bi-monthly — each  reel 
including  from  five  to  ten 
subjects — and  no  subject  over 
250  feet  in  length. 

Agriculture — Horticulture — Industry — Travel — Science — etc. 

We  can  supply  the  educational  filni'i  you  need. 

ATLAS  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  CO. 

1113  S.  Boulevard,  Oak  Park  I A  suburb  of  Chicago) ,  III. 


'T'HIS  six  reel  missionary  photoplay  was  first  shown  for  ten  successB 

nights  in  conjunction  with  a  chxirch  annual  assembly.  It  passed  thi;' 
test  resulting  in  many  requests  for  the  use  of  the  film  by  leiulinj 
pastors  and  churches.  Tliis  print  was  then  circulated  among  thi 
churclies  for  several  montlis  to  try  out  its  value  and  message  wliich  i 
said  to  be  one  of  unusual  power,  giving  the  local  church  a  world  vision 
One  problem  solved  by  the  message  of  the  picture  is  tliat  of  nialcinj 
a  big  church  out  of  a  small  one.  There  are  more  than  100,000  cluirclie 
with  a  numerically  snudl  membership  and  limited  parishes  in  tlii 
country,  and  there  are  thousands  of.  larger  churches  cramped  inti 
small  pin-hole  parishes.  This  picture  is  thought  to  give  the  antidoti 
for  such  conditions,  for  it  shows  how  to  enlarge  the  church,  l)()tl 
numerically  and  expansively. 

A  new  pastor  and  liis   wife  come   to  the  church  of   Pin-Hole.     Th(| 
pastor  at  first  is  not  interested  in  missions  but  his  wife  is.  The  churq 
is   anti-missionary   in   practice.     The   pastor's   wife   by   means   of   wij 
methods  seeks  to  introekice  the  Great  Conunission   Idea   into  her  liul 
band's  head   and  heart.     She  believes  in  books.     Tlie  pastor  is  partifl 
ularly  concerned  about  his  salary.     He  studies  church  methods  simplyl 
to  get  his  salary  raised.     There  are  others  in  the  church  who  are  o 
his  way  of  tlunking,  both   for  themselves  and  about  the  churcli.      Bu 
there  is  also  good  soil.     The  pastor  unwittingly  loans  one  of  his  wife'. 
missionary  liooks  to  a  churcli  official.     He  no  sooner  does  this  than   lu  i 
fears  there  will  be  trouble.     His   fears  are  well   founded.     The  "Iden'  1 
escapes  from  the  open  book.     When  once  the  "Idea"  gets  out  it  work,  j 
wonderful  transformation.s,  revolutions  and  evolutions.     The  climax  o: 
the  play   reviews  the  effect  of  obedience  to  the   Great   Commission   o  j 
Christ  as  transforming  not  only  the  local  ccmmunity  but  reaching  untf  ' 
the  uttermost  parts  of  the  earth  in  its  saving  influence. 

The  film  is  said  to  be  the  result  of  over  30  years  actual  study  .uu 
practical  experience  among  the  churches,  lioth  in  this  country  and  ir 
foreign  lands,  by  the  author  Rev.  Charles  Edwin  IJradt,  D.  D.,  a  m<-  ■< 
retary  of  the  Presbyterian  Board  of  Foreign  Missions.  The  story  fit  si 
appeared  in  book  form  and  as  a  stage  drama.  This  picture  has  a  liiiiiiii 
appeal  and  interests  non-church-goers  as  well  as  church  members. 


CHURCHES  prepare  NOW  to  avoid  the  Summer 
slump. 

Our  special  films  in  Sunday  Schools  will  keep  up 
attendance.  Religious  and  ethical  films  Sunday 
nights  will  win  Souls  to  Christ. 

SCHOOLS  let  us  help  you  in  the  selection  of  your 
program.  Arrange  for  Fall  bookings  now.  Get  our 
list  of  good,  clean  character-building  subjects. 

Branches  now  open  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  Des  Moines, 
Iowa. 

NEW  ERA  FILMS 


21  East  7th  Street 


Chicago,  111. 


Write 
for 

Rental 
and 
Sales 
Propo- 
sition. 

These  beautiful  songs  are  being  received  with  great  enthusiasm 
and  appreciation,  and  declared  to  be  the  finest  closing  feature  foi 
church  film  program. 


20 


PROGRAMS 


GENERAL  RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM 

ATHE  REVIEW  NO.  101— Parte 

Windmills  of  Holland.    Slow  motion  studies  in  somersaults. 

Travelaugli:   To   the   Merry   Bowwows.      Bedouins  of   the 

Sahara. 

ARTiN'ERS  OF  THE  TIDE— Parte 

Joseph  C.  Lincoln's  novel.    Remarkable  deep-sea  diving  and 

absorbing  story.   Cut  title  about  "going  to  knock  licU  out  of 

the  lighthouse." 

OCKING  THE  BOAT— Educational 

Sparkling  comedy  showing  how  a  young  couple  arranged 

to  make  their  sea  captain  uncle  feel  at  home  on  shore. 

GENERAL  RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM 

LAMING  ICE—fioberUon  Cole 

A  visit  to  the  depths  of  a  glacial  crevasse. 

ISTRESS  OF  SHENSTONE— Bo6er«»(m  Cole.     Pauline 

Frederick  and  Roy  Stewart.     Beautiful  filming  of  Florence 

L.  Barclay's  novel. 

ATURDAY — Famous  Players-Lasky   (Briggs) 

That  day  of  pain  and  pleasure  for  schoolboys. 

RECREATIONAL— STUDY  PROGRAM 

NE  PEEK  WAS  PLENTY-^B(i«cA«/ona? 
Wonderfid  scenics  filmed  from  the  heights  of  Assinaboine 
Mountain  in  Canada. 

HE  LOVE  LIGHT— f7n»7e(Z  ArtUts      ~^ 
Mary  Pickford  in  a  story  of  modern  Italian  peasant  life. 

RECREATIONAL^STUDY  PROGRAM    (ITALY) 

ENICE,  QUEEN  OF  THE  ADRIATIC— Brf«fa«onai—De 
Luxe 

Exceptionally  fine  scenic  picture. 
ION  OF  ST.  MARK'S— Kieine 

An  incident  from  the  annals  of  Venice  acted  by  Italian 
actors  in  Venice.  Costumes  and  accessories  historically  cor- 
rect.   A  notable  production. 

RECREATIONAL   PROGRAM   (MEN'S   GROUP) 
ACE  OF  THE  \G¥,— Educational 
The  great  race  between  Man  O'  War  and  Sir  Barton. 
OAD  DEMON— Fo3T 

Tom  Mix   proves  himself  a  wild  rider  both  on   horseback 
and   in   auto.   A    tense,  humorous,   red-blooded    storv.    Cut 
titles  near  beginning  of  Reel  1,  about  the  ranch,  prohibition 
and  "licker-lovin'  range-lizards". 
UTl'  AND  JEFF.    Bicycle  Race.    Fox 
URNING  OUT  SILVER  BULLETS— ^Wh« 
Making  monev  at  the  United  States  Mint,  Philadelphia. 
RiEWSTER'S  MILLIONS— Famoia  PUiyen-Lasky 
'"Fatty"  Arbuckle,  as  Brewster,  tries  to  get  rid  of  ten  millions 

RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (BOYS'  GROUP) 
EAK  LOGGING  WITH  ELEPHANTS— Fajnoiw  Players 
(Burton   Holmes) 

A  reel  of  elepliants — and  very  sagacious  ones ! 
OY  SCOUTS  OF  AMERIC.\— /«n«<o 

What  the  boys  saw   and  did  on   their   trip   to   the   Inter- 
national Convention  in  England. 
HAVILAND  HICKS— K-/eine 

The  perennial  contest  between  freshmen  and  sophomores 
furnish  the  theme  for  this  refreshing  story. 

RECREATION AI^-STUDY  PROGRAM  (SCIENCE) 
rUDIES  IN  SCIENCE  No.  1—Kineto  1 

Illustrating  a  home-made  electrical  generator  and  other 
simple  machines. 

ENEFACTOR,  THE— General  Electric  Co. 
A   fascinating  visualization  of  the   life  and 
Thomas  A.  Edison. 
M  RINGING  YOUR  PARTY— Foa; 
Mutt  and  Jeff  and  the  telephone  situation. 

ART  PROGRAM 

ATHE  REVIEW  No.  90— Parte 

Casting  a  bronze  statue  by   re-discovered   Roman   method; 
the  Ausable  Chasm;  tulip  time.     Cut  the  polar  bear  hunt 
MERICA    HONORS    BRITAIN'S     PRliiCE-Community 
■Motion  Picture  Bureau. 

The  bas-relief  for  the  Prince  of  Wales  medal  is  modelled  by 
the  sculptor,  cast  in  metal,  and  presented  to  tlie  prince 
ORY  OF  THE  WILLOW  PhATE-Kleirte 
Artistic  interpretation  of  a  famous  ancient  Chinese  ceramic 
design. 

AGIC  CLAY— Prizma 
Designing  and  modelling  of  America's  famous  art  pottery 

BIRD  LOVER'S  PROGRAM 
)NG  BIRDS  AS  CITIZENS— Bray  Studios,  23  E.  26th  St, 
New  York 

^  ft.  Finley  nature  studies  proving  birds  earn  right  to 
ive  by  killing  pests. 

RDS  OF  KILLINGWORTH— Fi7to  Ubrary  Service,  67  W. 
.,  Hi  St.,  New  York. 
,  UngfeUows's   poem   of   the    villagers   who  lost    their   crops 

■ough  killing  the  birds.     Titled   from  poenj. 


inventions   of 


1  reel 


5  reels 


1  reel 


I   reel 
5  reels 


1   reel 


1  reel 


8  reels 


1  reel 


7  reels 


1  reel 
5  reels 


'/a  reel 
1  reel 

5  reels 


1  reel 


1  reel 


3  reels 


reel 


4  reels 


'/a  reel 


1  reel 


"SWAT 


THAT 


FLY" 


A      Special      Kineto      Review 


The  menace  and  the  remedy  graphically  visual- 
ized. The  result  is  so  ably  achieved  that  the 
entertainment  value  and  interest  is  as  intense  as 
the  lesson. 

Available  for  rental  or  outright  sale  in  all  com- 
munities. 

One  reel  in  length ;  photographed  by  F.  Percy 
Smith;  edited  by  Charles  Urban, 


Write  for  details. 


KINETO  CO.  OF  AMERICA 


1  reel 


1   reel 


INCORPORATED 


Pmident 


Ireel 


71  West  23rd  St. 


New  York  City 


21 


THE  PUBLIC  SCHOOL  AS  THE  NEIGH- 
BORHOOD MOVIE  THEATER 
(Continued  from  page  9) 
school  has  no  right  to  charge  for  anything, 
but  it  must  be  reaiembered  that  there  is  vir- 
tually no  charge;  the  admission  fee  is  merely 
a  small  per  capita  tax  to  take  care  of  the 
motion  picture  part  of  the  work  and  provide 
for  expansion   and   development. 

On  the  same  score  the  local  movie  theater 
has  no  ground  upon  which  to  object  to  paid 
admissions  to  the  school  show.  The  receipts 
of  his  theater  are  private  and  designed  for 
private  profit  and  benefit. 

Another  serious  objection  to  tlie  free  ex- 
hibition in  the  school  is  the  fact  that  the  school 
or  the  school  board  has  to  finance  tlie  under- 
taking, so  that  the  public  through  the  tax- 
payers pay  for  the  enterprise  indirectly.  Why 
not  pay  directly  and  enjoy  the  fruits  of  the 
expenditure  immediately? 

CoMJinNiTY  Co-operation  Necessary 

To  make  a  school  center  theater  successful 
in  every  respect  a  certain  amount  of  co-opera- 
tion is  needed  on  the  part  of  the  principal,  the 
teachers,  the  pupils,  the  parents,  and  mem- 
bers of  local  organizations  such  as  tlie  parent- 
teacher  association,  the  mother's  club,  the 
woman's  club,  the  rotary  club  or  chamber  of 
commerce,  the  business  men  of  the  community, 
etc.  It  is  well,  too,  to  keep  friendly  with  the 
picture  theater  men  of  the  town  and  not  an- 
tagonize them.  Of  course  if  the  neighborhood 
theater  man  assumes  an  antagonistic  or  ag- 
gressive attitude,  because  he  thinks  the  school 
center  is  competing  with  him,  and  nothing  can 
be  done  to  conciliate  him,  then  it  is  a  matter 
of  give  and  take.  In  cases  where  local  motion 
picture  theaters  are  putting  on  programs  of 
a  doubtful  character,  school  and  cliurch  op- 
position is  desirable  if  only  to  make  the  com- 
mercial sliows  mend  their  ways.  Where  tlieater 
programs  are  clean,  wholesome,  and  of  a  high 
standard,  the  .school  center  nmst  eitlier  put  on 
similar  programs  or  make  exhibitions  largely 
educational  and  cultural  in  character. 

A  MERICAN  I7,ATION 

Americanization  of  both  aliens  and  natives 
is  one  of  the  pressing  needs  of  tlie  moment. 
What  more  .subtle  and  effective  instrument  for 
this  purpose  tlian  the  motion  picture  screen? 
What  better  place  for  this  purpose  than  the 
school  auditorium  on  evenings  when  adults  are 
free  to  come  and  bring  their  families  and  friends? 
I  said  a  while  ago  that  movies  arc  the  play- 
toys  of  millions.  Make  these  playtoys  instruc- 
tive like  a  child's  .set  of  alphabetic  blocks  or 
a  gime  of  history  cards.  Make  the  movies 
entertaining,  amusing,  yes;  hut  make  them 
teach  at  the  same  time.  And  above  all,  teacli 
from  the  screen  the  things  that  nuiko  America 
great  and  free;  .show  why  the  United  States 
is  the  greatest  republic  the  world  has  ever 
known,  why  it  has  endured  for  IBO  years,  and 
why  it  will  and  must  endure  so  long  as  man 
looks  upward  and  forward,  not  downward  and 
backward.  Let  us  through  the  school  screen 
make  one  hundred  per  cent.  Americans  'of 
every  man,  woman,  and  child  living  in  our  land. 
I^t  us  capitalize  their  love  of  the  movies.  I,et 
lis  make  every  screen  in  the  l'nlle<l  States 
and  our  Island  jmssessions  daily  living  prop- 
aganda   for    Americanism    unadulterated    and 


triumphant. 

In  this  connection  I  would  like  to  read  a 
paragraph  which  caught  my  eye  in  a  Bureau 
of  Education  bulletin  called  "Community 
Americanization,"  by  Fred  Clayton  Butler, 
written  by  Esther  Everett  I>ape.  Listen  to 
this: 

"In  one  of  the  dirtiest  and  most  unlovely 
of  our  American  industrial  towns  I  went  one 
stifling  Sunday  afternoon  in  August  into  a 
ramshackle  moving  picture  house.  It  was  the 
only  amusement  place  there  and  had  just  been 
opened  by  an  Italian  of  the  district.  The  place 
was  full  of  men,  women,  and  children,  all 
starched  and  bedecked,  tired  mothers  sur- 
rounded by  active  families  with  floating  rib- 
bons. For  several  hours  they  sat  there  watch- 
ing with  tense  interest  one  of  the  dullest  plays 
ever  reeled  off,  a  tiresome  story  of  the  rivalry 
of  two  chemists.  Here  and  there,  it  is  true, 
graceful  and  beautiful  ladies  appeared  on  the 
scene,  quite  irrelevantly,  for  the  film  had  been 
so  cut  that  the  plot,  if  the  play  had  ever  had 
one,  was  lost.  The  uncritical  absorption  of 
the  audience  stimulated  me  to  closer  atten- 
tion, and  I  soon  discovered  the  charm.  It  was 
the  scenes,  recurring  at  intervals,  of  beautiful 
American  countrysides,  magnificent  auto- 
mobiles, carrying  the  inevitable  beautiful  girl 
in  fihny  summer  clothing  There  was  joy  and 
the  grace  of  life.  Marooned  in  the  ugliest 
town  of  America  they  were  all,  on  that  stifling 
day  in  that  stifling  little  hall,  taking  cool  and 
expansive  joy  rides  along  American  highways 
which  they  had  never  seen." 

We  hear  much  these  days  of  the  better  fihii 
movement  and  of  censorship  and  regulation  of 
the  movies.  The  school  community  center  by 
selecting  and  screening  the  best  pictures,  by 
demanding  from  film  producers  and  exchanges 
clean,  wholesome,  uplifting  pictures  with  an 
idea,  a  lesson,  a  message,  or  a  motive  worth 
while,  can  in  time  elevate  the  tone  of  motion 
picture  production  in  its  entirety  without  re- 
course to  official  regulation  and  supervision. 
Thousands  of  school  and  community  centers 
functioning  nightly  as  neighborhood  picture 
theaters  will  through  sheer  commercial  neces- 
sity solve  the  problem  of  cleaner,  better,  and 
more  valuable  films. 

FuTinUE    OF    THE    CoMMTNITY    CeNTER    TiIEATER 

What  is  to  be  the  future  of  the  neighborhood 
motion  picture  theater?  Will  the  movie  theater 
as  we  know  it  today  continue,  or  will  it  grad- 
ually disappear,  giving  way  to  the  community 
center  theater,  or  more  specifically  the  school, 
church,  club,  or  welfare  theater?  In  short,  since 
we  are  assuming  that  the  school  center  is  the 
logical,  natural,  and  inevitable  successor  to 
the  commercial  picture  theater,  what  will  be 
the  situation  ten, 'fifteen,  or  twenty-five  years 
hence  when  the  garish  garden  variety  of  movie 
house  will  be  no  more? 

As  I  see  the  drift  of  events,  both  social  and 
economic,  the  commercial  motion  picture  thea- 
ter of  a  decade  or  two  from  now  will  probably 
consist  of  a  few  giant  structures  in  the  large 
cities  and  possibly  one  or  two  good-sized 
auditoriums  in  the  smaller  cities,  usually  sit- 
uated on  the  main  thoroughfares  or  conven- 
ient to  them,  and  these  huge  theaters  with  seat- 
ing capacities  running  up  to  10,000  or  12,000 
in  some  cases  will  house  film  productions  which 
may  continue  to  attract  throngs  of  people  for 
weeks  and  months,  even   for  years,  as  was  the 


case  with  painted  panoramas  long  ago.  B 
that  time  all  of  the  present  glitter  and  novelt 
and  sensationalism  will  have  worn  off,  the  m( 
tion  picture  will  have  become  one  of  the  fir 
arts  or  at  least  will  have  entered  the  threshol 
of  the  palace  of  fine  arts,  and  the  word  legi 
(Continued  on   page  24) 


TITLES!! 

An  important  element  in  any  prcxluction. 
Heretofore  neglected.  No  excuse  for  this 
ncKlect   now.     Consult   or  write 

ARTHUR  WEIL 

220  W.  A2bA  St.  Room  1807 

New  York  City 


vv 

A    N 

T 

E     D 

Negatives   of   Scenic,     Educational,    Religious 
and  Travel  Subjects.     Also  used  prints  in  any 
quantity.     State  footage   and   condition. 

Daniel 

J. 

Goff 

3IS9  Indiana  Ave. 

Chicago,  III. 

A  Photoplay  for  Your  Churcl: 

"Problems  of  Pin-Hole  Parish" 

by  Rev.  Charles  E.  Bradt,  D.  D. 
A  six  reel  picture  with  a  powerful  mes-| 
sage,  portraying  some  of  the  greatest  teacli-j 
ings  of  the  Bible.  Write  now  for  particularslj 
The  World  Missionary  Urania  Lejigue,  pro-j 
ducers,  Dept.  A,  1813  Stevens  Bldg.,  17  N.^ 
State   St.,   Chicago.   111. 


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FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


iyrOTION  pictures  are  being  increas- 
tL  in(rly  used  to  demonstrate  sur- 
gical operations  and  medical 
reatment.  At  a  recent  meeting  of 
he  New  Vorlc  State  Medical  Society 
1  Broolilyn,  N.  Y..  tlie  pliysioians  saw 
ome  remarkable  exhibitions  of  sur- 
ical  skill  on  tlie  screen,  among  them 
ne  of  a  patient  l>eing  lifted  by  a 
rame  arranged  over  his  bed  which 
lechanically  conveys  him  to  a 
tretcher.  At  the  spring  meeting  of 
he  Henry  County  Medical  Society, 
;ewaiiwee.  111..  Dr.  C.  E.  White  of 
lie  Illinois  State  Board  of  Health 
!  resented  films  on  the  diagnosis  and 
jreatment  of  venereal  disease.  Dr. 
oeeph  F.  Jerger  of  the  American 
jlospital,  Chicago,  showed  slides  il- 
lustrating pyelography  (examination 
if  the  kidney  by  x-ray)  in  the  diag- 
lioeis   of  the  surgical   abdomen. 

i 

'  Charles    F.    Herm's    remarkable    film 

[>n  the  heart  and  blood  circulation 
^•as  shown  recently  on  three  suc- 
essive  nights  at  Wichita  High  School, 
VIchita.  Kansas.  The  picture  is  be- 
]g  distributed  to  Kansas  schools  by 
Ihe  State  University. 
I  «  * 

1  "Some  Wild  Oats",  a  venereal  dis- 
use film,  was  exhibited  recently  at 
'larl>e€'s  Loop  Theater.  Chicago,  111. 
'he   picture   was    endorsed   locally   by 

-  ilealth         Commi.ssioner         Robertson, 

•  itishop  Fallow.s.  Rev.  Myron  Adajns, 
/he  Illinois  Social  Hygiene  League, 
Or.  Evans,  and  other  well-known  cit- 
fiens. 

i 

I  Hunting  and  fishing  pictures  made 
ly  Field  and  Stream  were  shown  re- 
'cntly  in  Memorial  Hall,  Providence, 
X.  I.,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Rhode 
'sland  Fish  and  Game  Protective  .\s- 
ooiation.  The  films  cover  a  wide 
:ange  from  the  hunting  of  wild  gee.se 
n  Canada  to  fishing  for  Marlin 
wordflsh     and     tuna     off     Avalon     in 

■  'alifornian     waters,     and     from     wild 

-  .urkey  shooting   in   western   Maryland 
.  o  bagging  a  big  bull   moose   in   New 

■  Jrunswick. 

*  * 

The  boys  of  the  Industrial  School, 
ropeka.  Kansas,  have  purchased  a  mo- 
(ion  picture   projector  and  are   giving 

■  |WO  shows  weekly. 

Screen  demonstrations  of  the  tele- 
ihone  and  cannibal  pictures  from  the 
iouth  Sea  Islands  were  recently  shown 
.n  the  .schools  of  Hudson,  Mich. 

•  ^  *  • 

J  The  high  school  of  Knoxville.  Iowa, 
,8  richer  by  a  motion  picture  pro- 
ection  machine  donated  to  the  institu- 
|ion  by  the  women's  club  of  that  city. 
Movie  shows  are  being  given  reg- 
ilarly. 

*  * 

During    the    clean-up     campaign     in 

f  Minneapolis    a    noonday    movie    show 

*as    given     in     the     Hudson     building 

■  inder  the  au.spices  of  the  Civic  and 
-ommerce  .\.s-sociation  and  the  Wo- 
nan's  Community  Council. 

*  * 

A  hog  breeding  picture  distributed 
>y  the  National  Swine  Breeders  As- 
'Ociation  was  shown  at  the  Farm  Bu- 
-eau  office  in  Jackson,  111. 


Motion  pictures  showing  the  United 
>tates  Signal  Corps  in  action  overseas 
luring  the  late  war  and  American 
iviators  at  work  in  this  country  and 
Prance  were  a  feature  of  the  recent 
nilitar)-  exposition  held  in  the  armory 
JJinnasium  annex  ,ind  engineering 
>uilding  of  the  University  of  Wiscon- 
sin, .Madison,  Wis.  Agricultural  and 
tractor  films  were  also  screened. 

*  * 

Biblical  films  and  travelogs  were  re- 
■ently  nut  on  the  screen  of  the  Chris- 
ian  Church.  F.vanston,  III.  Rev.  O. 
*■'.  Jordan,  the  pa.stor.  has  been  one 
)f  the  chief  figures  in  the  crusade 
igainst  Sunday  movies  in  local  the- 
iters. 

*  * 

"The  Story  of  a  Mountain  Glacier", 
in  S.  V.  E.  educational,  was  recently 
■xhibited  in  the  Chicago  theaters  op- 
•rated  by  Ascher  Brothers.  In  this 
Picture     President     Atwood     of     Clark 

niversity  tells  the  story  of  glaciers 
ind   icebergs    in   chalk   diagrams. 

*  * 

Davis  Reid.  superintendent  of  the 
>unday  school  of  St.  Andrews  Epis- 
•opal  Church.  Brjan,  Texas,  operates 
he  motion  picture  projector  in  the 
)arL«h  house.  The  object  of  these 
■hurch  movies  is  to  educate  the  chil- 
Iren  by  Bible  films  and  the  visualizing 
H  better  things  in  art,  music,  and 
iving. 


The  total  attendance  at  the  chil- 
dren's picture  matinees  of  St.  Paul 
In.stitute,  St  Paul,  Minn.,  up  to  Jan- 
uary 13.  1921.  was  .529.5.  The  limited 
facilities  prevented  the  attendance 
from  being  many  times  tins  figure. 
Since  February  15  extension  work  with 
motion  pictures  has  been  conducted 
at  Humboldt  High  School,  Plj'mouth 
Congregational  Church,  Johnson  High 
Schot)l.  Homecroft  School,  Homecroft 
Community  House,  Women's  Auxil- 
iary, Railway  Mail  Clerks,  Baker 
School,  Downtown  Boys'  Oub.  The 
attendance  at  twenty-one  exhibitions 
was  0245. 

*  • 

"Fatty"  Arbuckle  told  an  inter- 
viewer in  London  recently  that  he 
had  but  one  ambition.  "When  I  have 
finished  playing  in  comedy  pictures" 
he  said,  "I  want  to  go  on  a  world 
tour  making  pictures  for  school  chil- 
dren. I  don't  think  there  is  another 
medium  besides  the  .screen  which  can 
be  employed  to  such  advantage  to  con- 
vey to  school  children  a  real  idea  of 
the  customs,  character,  and  manners 
of  the  people  of  other  lands."  Fancy 
this — coming  from  the  king  of  pie- 
throwers. 

*  * 

Rev.  H.  B.  Mansell,  a  Methodist 
Missionary,  has  taken  with  him  to 
show  to  the  Natives  of  the  Malay 
penin.sula  two  International  Church 
subjects,  "The  Good  Samaritan"  and 
"The  Boy  Samuel".  This  is  the  new 
way  of  bringing  Christianity  to  the 
heathen. 

*  '     * 

More  than  7000  school  children  of 
Edinburgh,  Scotland,  were  recently 
invited  to  the  King's  Cinema  in  that 
city  to  see  the  pictorial  record  of  the 
Au.stralian  tour  of  the  Prince  of 
Wales.  The  school  children  of  Cleck- 
heaton,  Scotland,  also  attended  the 
special  matinee  at  the  Picture  House 
in  that  town  and  the  director  of  ed- 
ucation distributed  to  the  school 
teachers  printed  synopses  of  the  film. 

*  * 

A  series  of  animal  films  and  lan- 
tern slides  entitled  "Our  Animals  and 
How  They  Help  Us"  was  recently 
screened  at  the  Poly  Cinema,  Regent 
Street,  London,  during  a  lecture  by 
Mrs.  E.  Hatheway  Tumbull,  who 
spoke  of  faithful  service  rendered  by 
man's  four-footed  friends  during  the 
great  war. 

*  * 

"Johnny  Ring  and  the  Captain's 
Sword",  from  a  story  by  Rev.  Dr. 
Russell  Conwell,  is  being  distributed 
by  the  Temple  Producing  Company, 
1943  Broad  Street,  Philadelphia.  It 
is  in  the  nature  of  a  sermon  suitable 
for  church  use. 

*  * 

Edwin  F.  Abels,  superintendent  of 
the  Rural  High  School,  of  De  Soto. 
Kans.,  writes:  "You  might  be  inter- 
ested in  knowing  that  out  here  in 
Kansas  in  a  little  town  of  300  we 
have  solved  the  motion  picture  ques- 
tion by  using  the  school  auditorium 
and  placing  the  picture  show  business 
entirely  in  the  control  of  the  school. 
We  plan  to  charge  only  enough  to  pay 
running  expenses  on  the  general  run 
of  films.  The  profits  are  used  to  pay 
for  the  equipment  and  to  add  to  our 
library.  It  is  a  great  success  and  is 
the  solution  for  the  picture  industry 
in  the  small  town." 

*  * 

"The  Wandering  Jew",  a  six  reel 
Zionist  historical  drama  produced  in 
Europe,  with  Rudolph  Sbildkraut  in 
the  name  part,  has  been  brought  to 
America.  This  production  gives  in- 
cidents from  the  life  of  Dr.  "Theodore 
Herzl.  the  father  of  the  Zioni.st  move- 
ment, and  depicts  the  outstanding 
events  of  Jewish  hLstory  from  the  fall 
of  Jerusalem,  the  Maccabees,  and  the 
Spanish  Inquisition  down  to  modern 
times,  including  the  Dreyfuss  Trial 
and  the  first  Zionist  Congress  in  Ba- 
sel, Switzerland.  Thousands  of  play- 
ers are  said  to  appear  in  the  film.  It 
will  be  recalled  that  David  Belasco 
is  preparing  a  stage  production  of 
"The  Wandering  Jew." 
»  * 

A  new  three  reel  animal  picture 
produced  by  the  Selig  studios  in  Cal- 
ifornia called  "Miracles  of  the  Jungle" 
Is  being  distributed  by  Federated 
Film   Exchanges   of   America,   Inc. 

*  * 

Four  reels  showing  the  activities  of 
the  Thirty-third  division  (from  Illinois 
and  other  .states),  in  the  war  zone  in 
France,  were  shown  recently  at  the 
Service  Reunion  banquet  in  Spring- 
field, III. 


P.  D.  Hugon,  producer  of  "Through 
Life's  Windows,"  lectured  with  his 
own  film  recently  at  the  Museum  of 
Natural  History,  San  Diego,  Cal.  He 
also  demonstrated  before  the  Adver- 
tising Club  of  that  city  the  use  of 
the  motion  picture  in  solving  efltciency 
problems. 

*  * 

"Julius  Caesar"  was  the  picture 
used  by  the  Latin  cla.sses  of  the  Junior 
High  School,   Newton,   Iowa. 

*  * 

St.  James  Methodist  Church  was  the 
first  church  in  Danville,  III.,  to  install 
a  motion  picture  projector.  It  is  used 
by  the  Sunday  .school  classes. 

*  * 

"The  Life  of  Jesus"  was  on  a  re- 
cent program  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A., 
Flint,  Mich. 

*  • 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Aquarliun 
Society,  in  Chicago,  motion  pictures 
of  undersea  life  were  enjoyed  by  the 
members. 

*  * 

A  "little  theater"  exclusively  for 
the  children  of  San  Diego,  Ol.,  has 
been  planned.  Movies  are  to  !»  a 
feature  of  the  entertainments. 

*  * 

A  fire  prevention  film  in  three  reels 
was  shown  recently  at  the  Rotary 
Club  luncheon  in  Helena,  Mont.  It 
has  also  been  exhibited  in  many  other 
communities  of  Montana. 

*  * 

The  Hartford  School,  of  Hartford, 
Mich.,  is  using  films  for  teaching,  as 
well  as  public  entertainments  on 
Tliursday  evenings. 

*  * 

At  Grace  English  Lutheran  Church, 
Waukesha,  Wis.,  the  Biblical  picture 
"After  the  Fall."  together  with  a 
comedy  and  two  reels  of  travelogs 
made  up  the  program,  on  a  recent 
Wednesday   and    Thursday  night. 

*  * 

"Build  Thy  House,"  a  motion  pic- 
ture plea  for  the  cause  of  labor,  has 
been  produced  in  England,  with  Henry 
Ainley  in  the  role  of  Labor's  cham- 
pion. 

*  * 

The  Tennessee  State  Board  of  Health 
gave  a  motion  picture  showing  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  at  the  State 
Capitol  in  Nashville,  to  illustrate  the 
department  plans  for  the  conservation 
of  public  health. 

*  * 

Farmers  and  fanners'  wives  resid- 
ing in  the  vicinity  of  Buhl,  Idaho,  at- 
tended a  two-day  lecture  course,  which 
included  films  and  slides,  on  March  15 
and  10.  Prof.  P.  G.  Holden,  Orson 
Ryan  and  Miss  Zella  Wigent  were  the 
speakers. 

*  * 

The  Y.  W.  C.  A.  of  Beloit,  Wis.,  gave 
a  showing  of  "Foot  Folly"  in  that 
city  recently.  It  shows  the  effect  upon 
the  health  of  young  women  from 
wearing  wrong  and  right  shoes. 

*  * 

"Our  Children"  was  screened  at 
three  performances  in  the  West  'Thea- 
ter, Galesburg,  III.,  in  the  interest  of 
the  Red  Cross  child  welfare  work. 

*  * 

"Jinx"  and  "The  Modern  Health 
Crusade"  were  shown  at  the  People's 
Theater.  Houghton,  Mich.,  on  March 
12  under  the  joint  auspices  of  the 
local  anti-tuberculosis  association  and 
the  Calumet  Woman's  Club.  School 
children  attended   in  large  numbers. 

*  * 

The  Y  of  Evanston,  111.,  gives  excel- 
lent movie  programs  on  Sunday  after- 
noons. "The  Poor  Little  Rich  Girl" 
was  a  recent  attraction.  The  same 
picture  w.ts  shown  at  Dewey  School, 
Quincy,  III. 

*  * 

"Little  Orphant  Annie,"  based  upon 
the  Riley  poem,  and  "The  Ghost  of 
Slumber  Mountain,"  treating  of  pre- 
historic animals,  made  up  the  pro- 
gram of  the  Parent-Teacher  A.ssocia- 
tion  in  the  high  .school  at  Waukesha, 
Wis. 

Marguerite  Clark  in  "Snow  White" 
and  Fatty  Arbuckle  in  "He  Did  and 
He  Didn't"  were  the  features  at  the 
Groveland  Park  Mothers'  Oub  movies 
given  at  the  Park  Theater,  St.  Paul, 
Minn. 


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THE    PUBLIC    SCHOOL    AS    THE    NEIGHBORHOOD    MOVIE 

THEATER 

(Continued  from  page  SZ) 
iiiiate  will  no  longer  be  applied  to  tlie  drama  or  to  the  stage  or  to  the 
theater  itself;  for  then  the  once  lowly  and  despised  movies  will  have 
attained  a  dignity  and  distinction  unrivalled  by  the  spoken  stage.  If  to 
the  silence  of  the  screen  we  add  the  niajric  of  the  human  voice,  the  charm 
of  color,  and  the  realism  of  depth  or  stereoscopic  effect,  combined  with 
entrancing  nmsie,  we  shall  have  a  vision  of  what  the  future  motion  pic- 
ture theater  will  he  like  in  the  great  cities  of  the  world. 

The  neighborhood  house,  of  course,  will  not  be  like  this,  for  it  will 
not  attempt  to  comjiete  with  the  huge  downtown  auditorium  and  it  will 
be  designed  and  conducted  with  very  different  ends  in  view.  It  will 
be  primarily  a  place  of  community  entertainment,  enlightenment,  and 
culture  and  its  programs  will  be  offered  for  social,  intellectual,  ethical, 
and  cultural  purposes.  The  neighborhoo<l  motion  picture  theater  of 
the  future  will  be  a  powerful  soeial,  civic,  and  religious  asset  to  the 
community,  the  state,  and  the  nation.  The  school  community  center 
seems  to  offer  just  such  a  possibility  and  just  such  an  opportunity 
for  the  future.  And  this  may  be  tlie  answer  to  the  ethical  question  I 
raised  as  to  whether  it  would  be  right  for  the  school  to  drive  out  the 
commercial  theater  man  from  the  neighborhood.  The  onward  march  of 
events,  the  pressure  of  public  opinion  and  demand,  may  bring  about 
this  local  condition  in  thousands  of  communities. 

The  little  movie  theater  has  had  and  is  having  its  day.  It  seems  that 
it  is  almost  time  for  the  school  to  enter  upon  its  rightful  place  in  the 
comnumity,  to  serve  the  community  and  the  needs  of  the  people  in 
many  other  ways  than  by  drilling  the  three  R's  into  the  heads  of  the 
children.  Jiducation  is  of  inestimable  value,  but  embracing  this  and 
greater  than  this  is  character.  Even  today,  with  our  comparatively 
crude  films  and  facilities,  the  motion  picture  has  proved  a  mar- 
velous instrument  in  character-building.  What  shall  we  say  of  its  in- 
fluence and  effect  in  the  future  wlien  hundreds  of  thousands  of  our 
schools,  churches,  institutions  and  organizations  have  made  the  film 
an  integral  and  indispensable  part  of  their  child  and  adult-training 
equipment? 


TT/TE  offer  you  a  high-grade,  non- 
speculative  investment  in  the 
non-theatrical  motion  picture  field 
— -of  exceptional  earning  possibil- 
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TF  you  have  $100  or  more  which 
you  would  like  to  invest  in  safe 
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with  brilliant  prospects,  requiring 
additional  capital  for  expansion, 
write  today  to 

UNUSUAL  OPPORTUNITY 
Box  100 

Educational  Film  Magazine 
33  WEST  42IND  ST.        NEW  YORK  CITY 


qAs  previously  announced,  here  are  the 

TWO  NEW  COSMOGRAPH  MODELS 

FOR  REGULAR  STANDARD  WIDTH  FILMS 


THE  NEW  SEMI-PROFES- 
SIONAL MODEL  R-38  is  a 
Suitable  Motion  Picture  Pro- 
jector for  permanent  instal- 
lation in  large  auditoriums, 
lecture  halls  or  medium  size 
theatres,  etc.,  capable  of 
meeting  the  most  exacting 
requirements  for  projecting 
motion  pictures  and  lantern 
slides;  and,  at  the  same  time, 
light  enough  to  be  classed  as 
a  portable  machine.  Illu- 
mination 400  to  1000  watt 
movie  lamp,  as  required. 
H:)th  magazines  and  all  cast- 
ings on  this  machine  are 
made  of  high  grade  alu- 
minum. The  objective  lens  is 
the  Bausch  &  Lomb  profes- 
sional type.  Friction  take  up 
with  flat  endless  belt.  Direct 
connected  motor.  Enclosed 
intermittent  of  Geneva  prin- 
ciple. Adjustable  framing  carriage,  automatic  shutter 
and  many  other  features  which  are  only  found  on  high 
class   professional  projectors. 


.Semi-ProfessionHl       Modol       11-88 
witli    Stereopticon    (.oinbiiicd 


mm 


THE  NEW  SUIT 
CASE  MODEL  R- 
40  is  a  thoroughly 
efficient  instru- 
ment for  all 
around  work.  Put 
lip  in  a  leather 
covered  carrying 
case  18%  x  18%  in. 
When  designing 
this  projector,  it 
was  our  aim  to 
make  it  a  practical 
substantial  ma- 
chirie  with  one '  principal  thought  in  mind— SIM- 
PLICITY— ,making  it  easy  to  thread,  easy  to  operate, 
and  eliminating  fire  danger.  The  machine  is  both 
hand  and  motor  driven,  operates  from  any  light 
socket  or  automobile  battery  and  accomodates 
regular  width  film.  Illumination  24  volt  100  watt 
lamp. 


Suit   Case   Trpe- Modet    R-40 


Write  today  for  descriptive  matter  on  these  machines ;  also  other  models  we  build.     Territory  open  for  Lire  Wire  Agents. 

THE     COSMOGRAPH     MOTION     PICTURE     MACHINE     CO. 

General  Sales  Office,  138  W.  7th  St.,  Cincinnatti 
24 


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AND INITORIM ATION  SEIRVICIC 

(Copyright  1921  by  Educational  Film  Magazine) 
Thousands  of  film  titles  are  being  listed !  Every  film  subject  available  in  the  exchanges  (in- 
cluding narrow  width)  classified  and  described,  giving  numlier  of  reels,  contents,  nature  of  sub- 
ject, name  of  producer,  exchange,  rental  or  purchase  price  when  possible,  etc.  Complete  lists  of 
all  producers  distributors,  exchange,  etc.  Full  descriptions  of  all  motion  picture  and  still  picture 
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slip  on  in  a  moment.     These  corrections  and  additions  keep  your  Catalog  and  Information  Ser- 
vice always  complete,  accurate,  and  up-to-the  minute.     It  cannot  grow  old  and  out-of-date  as  all 
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is  specially  manufactured  for  portable  pro- 
jection and  offers  the  added  protection  that 
this  branch  of  cinematography  exclusively 
demands.      up 

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(Copyright  1921  by  Educational  Film   Magazine) 

Thousands  of  film  titles  are  being  listed!  Every  film  subject  available  in  the  exchanges  (in- 
cluding narrow  width)  classified  and  described,  giving  number  of  reels,  contents,  nature  of  sub- 
ject, name  of  producer,  exchange,  rental  or  purchase  price  when  possible,  etc.  Complete  lists  of 
all  producers,  distributors,  exchange,  etc.  Full  descriptions  of  all  motion  picture  and  still  picture 
equipment,  accessories,  etc.  THE  MOST  COMPLETE  AND  DEPENDABLE  FILM  AND 
SLIDE  INFORMATION  SERVICE   EVER  OFFERED! 

The  Only  Film  and  Slide  List  that  Can  Never  Grow  Old! 

All  others  become  out-of-date  and  practically  useless  soon  after  publication. 
OUR  STRONG,  DURABLE  LOOSE-LEAF  BINDER,  illustrated  above,  will  last  for  years. 
The  handy  size,  6  by  9  inches ;  the  handsoiue  cloth  binding  stamped  in  gold ;  the  easy  ring  loose- 
leaf  device,  enabling  you  to  slip  in  a  new  sheet  or  take  out  an  old  one  in  a  few  seconds;  and  other 
attractive  features  make  this  Gfeat  Reference  Book  a  valuable  addition  to  your  office  or  library. 
NEW  FILM,  SLIDE,  AND  EXCHANGE  LISTS  are  issued  every  few  weeks  to  replace  or 
add  to  the  information  already  in  your  Binder.   These  sheets  come  to  you  punched  and  ready  to 
slip  on  in  a  moment.     These  corrections  and  additions  keep  your  Catalog  and  Information  Ser- 
vice always  complete,  accurate,  and  up-to-the  minute.    It  cannot  grow  old  and  out-of-date  as  all 
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ers say  the  magazine  alone  is  worth$i2a  year — so  think  of  the  tremendous  value  we  are  giving  you. 
Rev.  I)r.  E.  C.  Horn,  Pres.  Minnesota  State  Epworth  League,  Fairmont,  Minn.  Says :  "Every 
number  of  EDUCATIONAL    FILM    MAGAZINE  is  worth  the  price  of  a  year's  subscription." 

Present  paid-up  magazine  subscribers  may  obtain  the  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information 
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Fill  out  and  sign  the  Coupon  below  and  mail  TODAY — NOW — with  your  check,  money  or- 
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Vol.  VI 


JULY,  1921 


No.  1 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


EDITORIAL  ; 3 

Educational  Movie  Fans 

THE   CROWD-MIND    AT   THE    MOVIES 4 

By    Jerome    Lachenbruch — Illnetrated 

LA   FONTAINE   FABLES   BEING   FILMED 5 

By   Fred   E.   Baer 

NEW    DESK    IDEAL    FOR    CLASSROOM    FILMS 6 

AN     EASY     WAY     TO     BUILD     UP     YOUR    OWN     FILM 

LIBRARY    7 

By  Henry  Bollman 

180  RURAL  EXHIBITIONS  IN  OHIO  COUNTY 8 

Bf  Royal  Clyde  Agne 

MOVIES  IN  SMALL  TOWN  CHURCH  POTENT  IN  EVAN- 
GELISM         9 

By  Rev.  John  Sherman  Potter 


HOW  ONE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  CAPITALIZES  THE 

MOVIES  10 

By  Rev.  George  Esdras  Bevans 

FEATURE  PICTURES  OF  SPECIAL  APPEAL H 

By  Mabel  G.   Foster 

INDIANAPOLIS  BOARD'S  APPROVED  FILM  LIST 12 

INDUSTRIAL  DEPARTMENT 13 

Edited  by  Leona  Block 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 15 

Adyertisements 


Loose-Leaf  Catalog . .  Inside  front  cover 
Cosmograph  M.  P.  Machine  Co....  1 
Educational    Film    Exchanges,   Inc . .  2 

Fitzpatrick    &    McElroy 14 

Kineto    Co.,    of    America 14 


Film   Library  Service 15 

Arthur     Weil     1» 

Daniel     J.     GofT 18 

Business    Opportunity    

Inside   back   cover 

Eastman  Kodak  Co Back  cover 


Q/ts  previously  announced,  here  are  the 

TWO  NEW  COSMOGRAPH  MODELS 

FOR  REGULAR  STANDARD  WIDTH  FILMS 


THE  NEW  SEMI-PROFES- 
SIONAL MODEL  R-38  is  a 
Suitable  Motion  Picture  Pro- 
jector for  permanent  instal- 
lation in  large  auditoriums, 
lecture  halls  or  medium  size 
theatres,  etc.,  capable  of 
meeting  the  most  exacting 
requirements  for  projecting 
motion  pictures  and  lantern 
slides;  and,  at  the  same  time, 
light  enough  to  be  classed  as 
a  portable  machine.  Illu- 
mination 400  to  1000  watt 
movie  lamp,  as  required. 
Both  magazines  and  all  cast- 
ings on  this  machine  are 
made  of  high  grade  alu- 
minum. The  objective  lens  is 
the  Bausch  &  Lomb  profes- 
sional type.  Friction  take  up 
with  flat  endless  belt.  Direct 
connected  motor.  Enclosed 
intermittent  of  Geneva  prin- 
ciple. Adjustable  framing  carriage,  automatic  shutter 
and  many  other  features  which  are  only  found  on  high 
class   professional  projectors. 


Semi-Professional       M6del       R-.X 
with    Stereoptlcon    Combined 


Suit    Case    Tj-pe    Model    R-40 


THE  NEW  SUIT 
CASE  MODEL  R- 
40  is  a  thoroughly 
efficient  insltru- 
ment  for  all 
around  work.  Put 
up  in  a  leather 
covered  carrying 
case  18%  x  18'/2  in. 
When  designing 
this  projector,  it 
was  our  aim  to 
make  it  a  practical 
substantial     ma- 


chine with  one  principal  thought  in  mind — SIM- 
PLICITY— .making  it  easy  to  thread,  easy  to  operate, 
and  eliminating  fire  danger.  The  machine  is  both 
hand  and  motor  driven,  operates  from  any  light 
socket  or  automobile  battery  and  accomodates 
regular  width  film.  Illumination  24  volt  100  watt 
lamp. 


Write  today  for  descriptive  matter  on  these  machines ;  also  other  models  we  bmild.     Territory  open  for  Lire  Wire  Agents. 

THE     COSMOGRAPH     MOTION     PICTURE     MACHINE     CO. 

General  Sales  Office,   138  W.  7th  St.,  Cincinnati 


BRANCHES 
.  ALBANY.    N.    Y. 

39S     BROADWAY 

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•  1      WALTON     STREET 

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to     PJEDMONT      STREET 

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ELMA      BLOCK 

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78    WARDOUR    STREET.     W.     I 


MOTION  Pictures  of  Qualit 

Colleges,  schools,  and  churches  will  fint 
in  this  list,  motion  pictures  of  wholesom 
quality  and  high  entertainment  value,  £ 
prices  they  can  afford  to  pay.  Write  to  ou 
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Educational  Animal  Comedies 

Mermaid  Comedies 

Torchy  Comedies 

Christie  Comedies 

Vanity  Comedies 

Gayety  Comedies 

Special  Comedies 

Robert  C.  Bruce  Scenics  Beautiful 

Hudson's  Bay  Travel  Series 

World  Wanderings 

Chester  Outings 

Chester  Screenics 

Specials  in  Slow  Speed 

Miscellaneous  Specials 

Kinograms — News 


Educational  Film  Exchanges,  Inc. 

E.  W.  HAMMONS,  President 


370  Seventh  Avenue,  New  York 

Executive  Offices 


Estabiished  January,'  1919 


•ulture  ■'•'•' 

\aiihy 

and    Oovernment 


COVERINO  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS: 

Health   and  Sanitation     Religion  Scenie 

Industry  Pedagogy  Scienc0 

Juvenile  Recreational  Sociology 


''"^Cb^munity 
Current  Events 
Cultural 


Geography 

History 

Home  Economics 


Drama                     Fine  Arts                      Literature  Natural  History  Technical  Topical 

Published  Monthly.  DOLPH  EASTMAN,  Editor MABEL  G.  FOSTER,  Assistant  Editor ,    ....... 


VI 


JULY,  1921 


Travel 

Welfare 

Women 


No.  1 


EDUCATIONAL  MOVIE  FANS 

7~ES,  movie  fans  are  by  no  means  confined  to  enter- 
I  tainment  pictures  and  theatrical  stars.  There  are 
L  fans  on  the  subject  of  scientific  and  highly  technical 
films,  strange  as  that  may  seem  to  you.  There  are 
Isands  of  fans  intensely  interested  in  the  so-called  Bet- 
Film  Movement.  There  are  fans  on  motion  picture 
tography,  projection,  lenses,  and  purely  mechanical 
ses  of  the  art.  And  this  army  of  non-theatrical  film 
■i  is  growing-^growing  faster  than  the  larger  army  of 
lU-ical  fans  has  any  conception  of,  as  is  proved  by  the 
ith-by-month  subscription  growth  of  Educational 
M  Magazine. 

j  ormerly  it  was  thought  that  the  public's  interest  in 
cational  motion  pictures  was  within  the  narrow  circle 
school  teachers  and  college  professors;  and  strictly 
aking,  insofar  as  classroom  or  pedagogical  pictures  are 
cemed,  that  interest  does  remain  a  relatively  fixed  con- 
it.  But  the  word  educational  these  days  is  generally 
arded  in  a  broader  sense  than  the  pedagogical  or  didac- 

it  has  come  to  mean  informational  and  cultural,  and 
n  recreational.  Much  depends  on  your  point  of  view, 
you  are  a  teacher  of  the  old  school  you  will  regard 
hing  as  educational  which  is  not  an  essential  part  of 

curriculum;  but  if  you  are  a  progressive  and  think  in 
318  of  the  later  and  broader  humanitarianism,  you  will 
isider  all  motion  pictures  educational,  even  the  basest. 

WTiy  is  a  fan?  Edison  might  well  have  included  this 
»tion  among  the  now  famous  series  hurled  at  college 
duates.  The  answer  is  not  easy;  it  involves  problems 
evolution,  anthropology,  individual  and  mass  psychol- 
r,  and  sociology.  The  fan  is  distinctly  a  product  of  our 
nplex  modem  civilization,  although  there  is  little  doubt 
t  among  the  ancients  there  were  groups  of  fans  akin  to 
■  modem  groups.  But  there  was  no  sporting  page  or 
vie  theater  or  fan  magazine  in  early  days;  there  was 
special  catering  to  mass  thought,  no  wide  stimulation 
mass  emotions;  life  was  comparatively  free  from  sensa- 


tionalism, unless  war  was  provocative  of  the  public's  love 
of  sensation. 

Why  is  an  educational  movie  fan?  is  easier  to  answer 
than.  Why  is  the  ordinary  garden  variety  of  theatrical 
fan?  The  very  limitation  of  the  question  permits  us  to 
say  that  the  modern  craving  for  education  is  at  the  root 
of  the  matter.  It  is  tme  enough  that  superficially  few 
persons  care  for  reading,  study,  observation,  and  mental 
concentration;  the  physical  and  mental  energies  of  most 
men,  women  and  children  are  apparently  diverted  into  the 
simple  everyday  routine  of  eating,  sleeping,  working,  hay- 
ing a  good  time,  gossiping,  loving,  hating;  fearing  poverty, 
sickness,  death.  Every  thought  and  every  act  in  the  lives 
of  the  great  majority  seem  utterly  physical,  utterly  mate- 
rial. Drab  lives  without  a  touch  of  color;  cold,  hard, 
unsympathetic  for  the  most  part.  Small  wonder  that  the 
masses  are  startled  out  of  their  dull  uninteresting  selves 
by  daily  newspaper  sensations;  by  the  unusual,  the  im- 
natural,  and  the  abnormal  on  the  motion  picture  screen. 

n|fti  lEjii 
Yet — the  core  of  human  nature  is  sound.  Evolutionists 
estimate  that  barely  three  hundred  thousand  years  separate 
modern  man  from  his  simian  ancestor — a  mere  nothing  in 
the  pendulum  swing  of  time.  If  it  has  taken  the  earth 
many  millions  of  years  to  reach  its  present  physical  state, 
not  so  far  advanced  as  that  of  Mars,  by  the  same  token 
how  many  more  hundreds  of  thousands  of  years  must  pass 
before  weak  and  undeveloped  human  nature  may  approach 
physical,  intellectual,  ethical,  and  spiritual  perfection? 

In  the  meantime  the  fan  will  be  with  us.  The  educa- 
tional movie  fan  is  a  faint  hint  of  what  the  future  has  in 
store  for  the  inhabitants  of  this  planet.  In  his  love  of  edu- 
cational motion  pictures  we  can  sense  much  the  same 
mental  curiosity  as  the  child  exliibits  in  the  nursery  or  pre- 
historic man  exhibited  with  graven  images.  The  hope  and 
the  future  of  civilization  may  be  read  on  the  face  of  the 
savage  who  intently  studies  the  activities  of  congested 
cities  on  the  movie  screen  and  on  the  face  of  the  savant 
who  intently  studies  the  activities  of  savage  tribes  on  the 
same  screen. 


THE  CROWD-MIND  AT  THE  MOVIES 


The  Crowd  Enjoys  Pictures  in  Terms  of  Emotion — The  Individual 
Is  Critical  and  to  Him  the  Elducational  Photoplay  Appeals 

By  Jerome  Lachenbruch 


IN  discussing  the  educational  value  of  the  motion  picture 
many  critics  assume  that  the  individual  observer  absorbs  the 
material  flashed  before  his  eyes  in  the  same  way  that  he 
digests  the  contents  of  a  textbook.  The  individual  is  con- 
sidered as  a  lone  object  to  whom  history,  geography,  literature,  or 
some  other  subject  of  educational  importance  is  presented.  Now 
it  is  a  well-known  psychological  fact  that  the  reasoning  process 
functions  more  logically  when  emotional  forces  are  not  intro- 
duced to  weaken  or  to  distract  the  attention.  For  example,  the 
student  poring  over  a  textbook,  alone,  has  practically  no  emo- 
tional distractions.  Were  he  to  hear  a  band  playing  in  the  street 
his  attention  would  no  longer  be  complete. 

It  may  be  argued  that  this  analogy  is  false,  insofar  as  the 
music  in  the  photoplay  theater  aids  in  arousing  an  emotional 
response  that  will  add  to  the  enjoyment  of  a  picture  and  also 
aids  subtly  in  impressing  every  feature  of  a  photoplay,  including 
its  educational  values,  upon  the  mind  of  the  observer.  That  is 
perfectly  true.  But  the  fact  remains  that  the  photoplay  patron 
is  no  longer  an  individual  when  he  enters  the  theater.  He  is  part 
of  a  crowd;  and  the  emotional  suggestion  of  the  music  helps  in 
making  him  lose  his  identity  as  an  individual  and  become  integral 
with  the  crowd. 

The  mind  of  a  photoplay  optience  is  a  crowd-mind;  and  the 
individual  mind  is  but  a  part  of  this  intelligence.  Consequently 
he  cannot  judge  a  photoplay  en- 
tirely from  a  rational  point  of  view. 
Emotional  values  surround  and 
distort  his  reasoning  powers.  Bad 
acting,  bad  scenario  writing,  stupid 
captions  are  enjoyed  under  the  spell 
of  the  crowd. 

Capitalizing  the  Facts  of 
Crowd  Psychology 

This  psychological  factor  is  well 
known  to  the  motion  picture  pro- 
ducer who  surrounds  his  pictures 
with  every  emotional  aid  possible 
in  order  that  the  observer  may  de- 
rive a  maximum  of  uncritical  enjoy- 
ment from  a  picture.  This  is  per- 
fectly legitimate  in  pictures  that 
merely  tell  a  story;  and  the  better 
a  picture  is,  the  greater  will  be  the 
optience's  appreciation. 

The  crowd-mind,  then,  thinks  less 
than  the  individual.  Nevertheless, 
after  seeing  thousands  of  motion 
pictures,  the  edge  of  the  crowd's 
emotion  is  worn  off;  and  here  and 
there  we  find  individuals  who  have 
been  able  to  detach  themselves 
from  the  crowd  and  assume  a  criti- 
cal attitude.  The  fact  that  this  has 
happened  has  led  to  a  gradual  im- 
provement in  the  production  of 
motion  pictures. 


One  of  the  first  departments  of  photoplay  production  that  .\ 
responded  to  the  criticism  of  the  individual  mind  was  that  i 
cerned  with  art  values  in  motion  pictures.  The  former  gsi 
settings  have  disappeared  in  the  pictures  made  by  the  i 
progressive  American  producers.  When  one  recalls  the  fid 
to  their  profession  of  such  artists  as  Cedric  Gibbons  of  the  G 
wyn  organization  in  pictures  like  Earthbound  and  Bunty  I' 
the  Strings,  one  is  moved  to  believe  that  every  branch  of  pi 
play  making  will  finally  record  equal  achievemen;s. 

Furthermore,  the  assumption  by  individual  authors  of  a  def 
place  in  the  producton  process  has  already  gone  a  long  wa 
fulfil  the  promise  that  photoplays  will  no  longer  offend  ags 
the  canon  of  honesty  in  the  reproduction  of  fine  literary  achi 
ments.  Here,  too,  an  organization  founded  by  Rex  Beach 
Samuel  Goldwyn,  the  Eminent  Authors,  Inc.,  which  includes  s 
of  the  best  known  American  writers,  was  the  first  to  give 
author  a  valid  share  in  the  produclioa  of  photoplcy. 

But  all  this  is  by  the  way;  and  is  mentioned  only  to  show  t 
with  repetition,  the  crowd-mind  has  become  dulled;  crowd-e 
tion,  through  being  subjected  repeatedly  to  the  same  stimuli, 
taken  on  a  critical  tinge.  That  this  has  occurred  does  not  1: 
the  fact  that  a  motion  picture  optience  is  a  crowd  which  seek 
entertainment  on  an  emotional  plane  and  is  always  ready  to  r 
on  this  basis,  if  the  motion  picture  will  give  it  half  a  chanc 


Educational  Pictures  Must  Make  Individual  Appeal 
lasmuch  as  it  is  comparatively  easy  to  gain  an  optience's  a*- 
lion,  the  producers  of  educational  motion  pictures  of  whatever 
ire  have  a  duty  far  more  exacting  than  the  task  confronting 
producer  of  films  possessing  mainly  entertainment  value.   For 
maker  of  an  educational  picture  must  take  into  consideration 
-efifect  of  the  crowd-mind  and  so  construct  his  film  that  it  can 
;B  and  hold  the  attention  and  the  interest  of  every  observer  as 
y.ndividual.   This  is  the  test  of  the  educational  picture, 
lany  a  photoplay  of  an  educational  nature  will  gain  the  atten- 
P  of  a  group  of  children,  merely  because  it  is  a  photoplay ;  and 
;i  the  most  critically  minded  child  among  them  will  be  enter- 
ed and  instructed  by  a  film  that  has  little  to  recommend  it. 
:  he  crowd-mind  works  easily  in  and  gains  an  immediate  re- 
ise  from  minors.     Consequently  there  is  all  the  more  reason 
so  presenting  an  educational  subject  that  every  foot  of  film 
rests  as  well  as  instructs.     Attention  is  almost  spontaneous 
I  children  when  a  film  is  presented  to  them.    The  crowd-mind 
lediately  begins  to  function;  and  unless  pictures  are  freighted 
,  I  material  the  juvenile  optience  will  not  receive  all  that  it  is 
able  of  assimilating. 


W 


1  Linking  Emotion  and  Education 

iTie  educational  motion  picture  makes  use  of  the  emotions  of 

[viewers  unconsciously.     Through  their  roused  emotions  the 

yer   to    absorb    is    exaggeratedly    stimulated    and    every    fact 

ibed  upon  the  screen  becomes  a  personal  experience  that  is 

id  to  forget.     It  is  not  easy  to  lose  this   advantage  that  the 

;i;ure  has  over  its  juvenile  optience.     And  yet,  the  early  story 

utoplay  had  this  advantage  over  its  adult  optiences,  and  grad- 

■y  found  the  response  diminishing.     It  then  began  to  analyze 

■f,  find  where  it  was  lacking,  and  built  up  its  technical  de- 

I  tments.     With  the  educational  photoplay  still  in  the  groping 

;e  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  it  will  never  permit  its  formula  to 

ome  static  and  grow  to  depend  upon  the  crowd-mind  for  a 

:ess  that  would  then  be  only  half-earned  and  of  minor  peda- 

value. 

'l  GATING  CANADIAN  EDUCATORS  TO  THE   FILM 

ijuable  Pioneer  Missionary  Work  Inaugurated  by  Muriel  E.  Bruce. 
Canadian   Representative  of  This  Magazine. 

lyriSS    MURIEL    E.    BRUCE,  Canadian    representative    of 

J/l    Educational  Film  Magazine,  who  is  also  manager  of  the 

Canadian  Educational  Film  Service,  of  Toronto,  has  been 

ng  some  important  and  valuable  pioneering  with  American 

icational  films  among  the  rock-ribbed  conservative  educators 

]  1  scientists  of  the  Dominion.  She  has  forwarded  to  the  magazine 

I  account  of  several  film  showings  recently  arranged  by  her  in 

awa  and  Toronto  and  one  of  these  was  before  no  less  august 

1  influential  a  body  than  the  Royal  Society  of  Canada.     But 

■  i.  her  story  and  you  will  feel  like  clasping  her  hand  and  say- 

;  to  her:  "Godspeed  and  all  honor  and  glory  to  the  woman 

0  put  'Can'  into  Canada  so  far  as  educational  motion  pictures 
■  concerned."    Here  is  her  account: 

'he  annual  meeting  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Canada,  held  May  16  to 
brouglit  together  representatives  from  universities  aU  over  Canada, 
3  melnbers  of  all  the  scientific  departments  of  the  government,  ^  The 
t  night  of  their  meeting,  after  the  president's  address,  all  four  reels 
Horw  Life  Beyina  were  shown.     The  governor  general  was  present, 

1  many  important  folks  from  various  parts  of  the  country.  '■  '"fhe  young 
nager'  of  the  Canadian  Educational  Filn*  Service,  was  allowed  to 
ke   her   inaideii   speech,   which   she   did   vpithdut   getting  herself   too 

^•ply  into  trouble,  and  she  was  afterwards — this  is  a  joke — congratu- 


LA  FONTAINE  FABLES  BEING  FILMED 
By  Fred  E.  Baer 

LA  FONTAINE  in  the  films!    Perhaps  some  of  our  friends 
on  reading  this  will  throw  up  their  hands  in  horror  and 
wonder  if  there  is  nothing  sacred  froim  the  desecrating  touch 
of  the  movies. 

It  stands  to  reason  that  men  who  are  wthoUy  commercial- 
minded  would  never  think  of  filming  La  Fontaine;  so  the  great 
Frenchman's  admirers  may  rest  easy  about  justice  being  done  to 
their  idol.  The  men  who  are  primarily  responsible  for  the  results 
which  will  be  achieved  are  both  poets  of  nature,  so  to  speak; 
they  know  their  La  Fontaine  thoroughly  and  they  also  know  thor- 
oughly the  animals  which  he  used  as  characters. 

The  men  are  Raymond  L.  Ditmars,  of  the  New  York  Zoological 
Society,  and  Charles  Urban,  F.Z.S.,  (Fellow  Zoological  Society 
England)  president  lof  the  Kineto  Company  of  America,  Inc., 
which  publishes  the  Urban  Popular  Classics  and  which  will  pub- 
lish these  fables  of  La  Fontaine  in  the  series  of  Kineto  Reviews. 
Mr.  Ditniars  is  filming  the  fables  out  at  the  New  York  Zoo  in 
the  Bronx  and  Mr.  Urban  is  personally  editing  them  in  his  own 
laboratory. 

If  any  one  believes  that  animals  are  not  actors,  he  should 
strangle  his  opposing  thoughts  until  he  has  an  opportunity  to 
see  The  Evil  of  Gossip.  And  if  any  one  says  to  himself  that 
"he  can't  see  how  they  can  illustrate  such  slender  threads"  he 
should  reread  The  Hare  and  the  Tortoise.  The  first  and  last 
paragraphs  are  enough: 

Said  the  Tortoise  one  day  to  the  Hare: 

"I'll  rim  you  a  race  if  you  dare. 

"I'll  bet  you  cannot 

Arrive  at  that  spot 

As  quickly  as  I  can  get  there." 

Too  late!  Though  he  sped  like  a  dart, 

TTie  tortoise  was  first.    She  was  smart: 

"You  can  surely  run  fast," 

She  remarked.  "Yet  you're  last. 

It  is  better  to  get  a  good  start." 
A  lovely  moral  with  a  fine  story  and  it  makes  a  wonderful 
picture.    And  so  with  all  the  others. 

Of  the  240  fables  Mr.  Urban  and  Mr.  Ditmars  have  selected 
twenty  in  all  for  their  series  which  will  be  called  Modern  Truths 
from  Old  Fables.  Of  course  they  are  edited  for  children  in  the 
same  hope  for  approval  as  La  Fontaine  had,  but  it  is  a  pretty 
safe  wager  that  grown-ups  will  like  them  as  well  as  youngsters. 
The  charm  and  truth  of  these  fables  are  without  time;  one  never 
gets  too  old  to  enjoy  them  and  one  never  is  too  young. 

lated  on  her  speechmaking  proclivities  by  Sir  Andrew  McPhail,  one  of 
Canada's  best  orators.  But  the  film  was  greeted  with  a  surprising 
amount  of  genuine  applause.  Then,  next  day.  Through  Life's  Windows 
was  shown  to  the  physics  section  of  the  meeting  and  highly  approved. 
Directly  afterwards  Cell  Mitosis  and  the  single  reel  Circulation  of  the 
Blood  were  screened  for  the  biology  section  and  also  approved.  So  it 
seems  to  me  that  as  a  scientific  exbibition  it  about  "took  the  cake." 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Dominion  Health  Council  at  Ottawa 
the  following  pictures  were  shown  to  the  chief  health  officers  of  five 
provinces,  and  others:  The  High  Road,  Our  Children,  The  Modern 
Health  Crusade,  Through  Life's  Windorcs  and  How  Life  Begins. 

Last  week  I  presented  How  Life  Begins  to  a  big  audience  of  school 
trustees,  and  spoke  under  the  auspices  of  the  School  Trustees'  Associa- 
tion of  Ontario. 

And  last  night  I  showed  Hofo  Life  Begins  to  the  Presbyterian  General 
Assembly,  at  the  close  of  their  big  meeting,  and  all  of  them  sat  through 
it — the  Wost  interested  group  of  parsons  I  ever  saw.  They  fell  on  my 
neck  aF  the  dose,  and  told  me  I  was  a  remarkable  young  woman,  and 
tbgt  they.  w,04ild.  like  to  have  it  in.  all  their  Sunday  schools.  So  I  told 
them  prices 'Sf  machines  aiid — ^let  fis  hope.  Uiil  th^esltowings  are  tfie 
,   first  of  their  kind  done  in  this  land,  and  ought  to  do  good  work. 


A  STUDENT'S  desk  which  compels  a  boy  or  girl  in  the  class- 
rootn  to  concentrate  his  or  her  attention  on  the  teacher,  the 
blackboard,  or  the  screen  at  one  end  of  the  room  and  re- 
moves all  distractions  is  the  invention  of  John  D.  Atkinson,  of 
Plain,  Chelan  County,  Washington,  a  former  superintendent  of 
schools  in  Pennsylvania  and  later  a  school  principal  in  Seattle 
and  a  member  of  the  Washington  State  Board  of  Education.  Mr. 
Atkinson  has  been  granted  a  basic  patent  on  his  compartment 
school  desk  which,  as  may  be  judged  from  accompanying  illus- 
tration taken  from  the  patent  papers,  seems  to  be  ideal  for  use 
in  classrooms  where  still  or  motion  pictures  are  shown  upon  a 
screen. 

There  are  several  unique  features  about  the  desk  but  the  two 
.which  make  it  especially  valuable  for  screen  teaching  are:  com- 


NEW  DESK  IDEAL  FOR  CLASSROOM  FILMS 

Invention ::of  Former  School  Superintendent  Removes  Distractions  .    . 

;      and  Focuses  Pupil's  Attention  upon  the  ScreA '.  ^  .Jitvrtioc;  u  h  u; 


partments  completely  shutting  off  the  view  of  pupils  fron 
another  and  compelling  them  to  keep  their  eyes  fixed  in  i 
and  the  step  feature,  similar  to  the  arrangement  of  theater 
one  above  another.  The  floors  of  nearly.all  classrooms  at  pi 
are  level  and  when,  films  and  slides  are  projected  the  pupils 
to  crane  their  necks  and  twist  their  bodies  in  order  to  se 
piclures.  This  wilLbe  avoided  with  the  Atkinson  system  in 
In  his  patent  specifications  the  inventor  states: 

"My  invention  is  particularly  adaptable  to  school  r 
wherein  the  seats  are  arranged  in  tiers  rising  towards  the  re 
the  room.  Such  a  school  room  is  shown  in  the  drawing.  B; 
arrangement,  with  the  upper  edge 
of  the  front  screen  wall  at 


*^«m.x^:^J'J 


about  the  height  of  the  pupil's  eyes,  he  may 
out  toward  the  teacher  and  may  see  everything  that  takes  place  a 
front  of  the  room  but  he  may  not  see  other  pupils  in  front  of  1 


EFFICIENT  WAY   TO   UTILIZE   VISUAL   AIDS 

Slides    for    Still    Studies    to    Impress'  Facts,    Films    for    Motion 

Studies  to  Impress  Fact  Relations,  Says  Dr.  Duffey 

of  University  of  Texas 

SLIDES  and  charts  to  call  attention  to  facts  and  mo'.ion  pic- 
tures to  show  the  relation  of  one  fact  to  another,"  is  the 
ideal  combination  of  visual  aids  for  the  classroom,  according 
to  Dr.  William  H.  Duffey,  head  of  the  Visual  Instruction  Division 
of  the  University  of  Texas. 

In  an  interview  given  to  the  Society  for  Visual  Education 
Dr.  Duffey  declared  himself  a  strong  believer  in  the  use  of  school 
films  prepared  by  educators  for  classroom  use  exclusively.  He 
was  equally  emphatic  in  declaring  that  many  other  factors  now 
used  in  visualization  have  their  own  unique  place  in  education, 
and  that  nothing  will  be  gained  by  discarding  them  for  the  ex- 
clusive use  of  films. 

"We  are  going  to  see  the  time  when  visual  instruction  will  be 
as  permanent  a  medium  of  instruction  as  the  textbook  is  today. 
There  will  be  a  very  close  union  among  textbooks,  films,  and 
slides.  We  shall  use  slides  to  illustrate  when  the  subject-matter 
is  still,  and  moving  pictures  when  the  subject-matter  is  motion. 
Charts  and  the  blackboard  will  also  continue  to  rank  high  in  the 
list  of  visual  aids,  though  they  are  more  limited  than  the  film. 

"Exactly  how  would  you  correlate  films  and  slides?"  Dr. 
Duffey  was  asked. 

"The  facts  of  a  subject  should  be  brought  to  the  pupil's 
attention  by  slides.  Then  after  he  has  all  the  facts  in  mind,  has 
carried  on  his  own  observations,  and  has  studied  from  text  and 
reference  books,  the  motion  picture  should  be  brought  in  to 
relate  the  whole  affair,  giving  it  continuity  and  vividness. 

"For  example,  I  can  find  stereopticon  slides  to  visualize  heart, 
lungs,  colon  and  stomach,  and  these  can  be  used  to  good  advant- 
age in  preparing  the  ground  for   a   film   which   illustrates  the 
action  of  the  heart  and  the  circulation  of  the  blood.     The  film 
!.jirin  clinch  the  knowledge  the  pupil  has  already  gathered  and 


give  it  reality  and  proportion." 

Dr.  Duffey  declares  that  in  few  schools  receiving  film  se 
today  is  there  any  adequate  idea  of  how  to  use  motion  pic 
for  other  purposes  except  those  of  entertainment  and  ge: 
information.  He  emphasizes  the  need  of  a  general  camp 
of  education  in  methods  of  correlating  screen  lessons  wit! 
regular  course  of  study. 


GEORGIA  COLLEGE  STARTS  CAMIONETTE  MOV 
"DEALIZING  that  valuable  instruction  contained  in  educati 
films  being  circulated  over  this  country  is  lost  to  those  pt 
not  accessible  to  a  movie  show,  the  College  of  Agriculture 
arranged  to  carry  the  best  of  these  films  to  every  sectio: 
Georgia. 

Two  trucks  have  been  outfitted  with  the  most  up-to-date  n 
equipment  and  district  agents  are  now  ready  to  take  them 
in  the  most  remote  sections  and  put  on  a  show  that  will  do  c 
to  any  large  town. 

Hundreds  of  films  on  educational  subjects  are  availabl 
rural  communities  including  home  conveniences,  labor  savin} 
vices,  fighting  insect  pests,  farm  machinery,  drainage,  con 
work,  live  stock,  farm  crops  and  poultry. 

DETROIT  SCHOOL  FILMS  FOR  STATE  FAIR 

IT'ILMS  depicting  educational  features  of  the  work  in  D 
schools  will  be  shown  on  the  screen  at  the  Michigan 
Fair  to  be  held  in  Detroit  September  2  to  11.  Arrangei 
have  been  made  by  Secretary  G.  W.  Dickinson  for  this 
feature  to  be  added  to  this  year's  attractions,  the  Detroit  s< 
authorities  joining  in  to  make  it  one  to  be  appreciated  by  gi 
ups  as  well  as  by  the  school  children  who  enjoy  seeing  the: 
in  the  movies. 

The  Detroit  school  showing  will  be  in  addition  to  the  n 
rural  school  exhibits,  long  a  feature  of  the  state  fair. 


AN  EASY  WAY  TO  BUILD  UP  YOUR  OWN  FILM  LIBRARY 


Book    Enough    Rentals    and    the    Trick    is    Turned — Small    Film 
Libraries   Locally   Owned   and   Managed  Suggested 
as'  the  Solution  of  Non-Theatrical  Distribu- 
tion Problems 

By  Henry  Bollman 

President,  Film  Library  Service,  New  Vork 


S4t'!^ 


uvt 


ONE  of  tihe  most  successful  non-theatrical  exchanges  has 
acquired  an  excellent  library  of  films  with  almost  no 
original  capital  investment.  The  method  pursued  is  so 
simple  and  so  entirely  feasible  that  I  feel  it  should  be 
understood  by  all  interested  in  the  development  of  the  educa- 
tional film  field.  Not  only  the  professional  renter  of  films,  but 
also  the  semi-professional  distributor— ^that  is,  the  state  univer- 
sity; the  central  church  organization;  the  social  service  group; 
the  municipal  education  board — will  find  in  this  method  a  solu- 
tion to  the  problem  of  how  to  acquire  ownership  of  films  for 
non-theatrical  purposes,  without  a  large  initial  appropriation. 

How  One  Man  Succeeded 

In  one  of  our  smaller  cities  an  exchange  was  organized  to 
serve  churches  and  schools.  The  organizer  of  the  business  had 
almost  no  capital  except  his  idea  and  a  goodly  fund  of  energy 
and  enthusiasm.  His  first  step  was  to  obtain  a  supply  of  films. 
Without  funds,  he  nevertheless  came  to  our  organization  arid 
asked  for  an  option  to  purchase  certain  films  of  special  value  for 
church  work.  The  option  was  to  expire  in  two  weeks.  The  aver- 
age price  of  the  prints  was  $35  per  reel.  They  were  somewhat 
used,  but  were  in  a  condition  good  for  at  least  twenty-five  show- 
ings. He  returned  to  his  city  and  set  about  obtaining  bookings 
-enough  to  cover  the  purchase  of  the  pictures. 

The  average  program  was  to  cost  him  about  $75.  This  meant 
that  he  must  get  at  least  seven  bookings  at  S30  each  to  cover  film 
cost  and  selling  expense.  This  proved  to  be  no  difficult  task  be- 
cause he  had  chosen  popular  subjects  which  he  had  carefully 
viewed  and  which  he  therefore  knew  were  entirely  suited  to 
church  showings. 

At  the  end  of  two  weeks  he  took  up  his  option  on  six  programs 
of  five  reels  each.  His  bookings  were  enough  to  cover  the  film 
cost,  with  a  margin  for  incidental  expense.  The  actual  cash  re- 
quirements were  met  by  cash  advances  received  from  the  exhibi- 
tors, and  by  borrowing  on  the  strength  of  the  bonafide  contracts 
received.    He  also  raised  a  small  amount  of  capital. 

He  has  continued  his  operations  on  these  lines,  and  now  he 
has  a  good  library  of  carefully  selected  reels,  each  of  which  has 
already  paid  for  itself.  The  library  on  the  whole  is  yielding  a 
substantial  profit. 

Advantages  of  the  Plan 

Let  us  consider  the  advantages  of  his  plan. 

In  the  first  place,  it  eliminates  risk  of  financial  loss.  The  dis- 
tributor takes  practically  no  chances.  He  buys  no  film  until  it  is 
Already  rented.  In  the  second  place,  he  buys  only  enough  to  fit 
his  needs  exactly.  Every  film  must  be  put  to  work  before  it 
arrives,  so  to  speak.  In  the  third  place,  he  owns  his  films — he 
<k»e8  not  attempt  to  rent  them  from  a  theatrical  exchange,  and 
then  sublet  them  to  his  exhibitors. 

Business  organizations  are  not  the  only  non-theatrical  ex- 
changes. Educational  institutions  which  distribute  films  are  in 
the  same  category  and  their  probleras  are  liie  same,  except  that 
they  are  fiot  aader  the  necessity  of  making  a  profit. 


A  number  of  state  universities  are  now  distributing  film  to  the 
schools  of  their  respective  states.  This  work  is  classed  as  ex- 
tension work.  One  of  the  newer  extension  departments  is  now 
following  the  plan  outlined  above.  They .  have  .  asked  for  an 
option  on  50  reels  before  making  the  actual  purchase  of  the  film. 
On  the  strength  of  the  bookings  they  will  be  able  to  finance  the 
purchase,    . 

Why  the  Local  Library,  Locally  Owned,  Is  Best 

The  small  local  film  library,  locally  owned  and  managed, 
locally  financed,  and  understanding  local  needs,  provides  the  best 
practical  solution  of  the  non-theatrical  distribution  problem.  The 
local  library  may  be  privately  owned,  semi-private,  or  entirely 
under  public  ownership.  Regardless  of  ownership  or  adminis- 
tration, this  type  of  library  is  the  only  sure  means  of  placing 
the  right  films  on  the  right  screens,  at  the  right  time,  and  at  the 
.  right  price. 

Attempts  are  constantly  being  made  in  the  non-theatrical  field 
to  establish  large  national  exchange  systems,  centrally  controlled 
and  centrally  administered.  Such  organizations  face  difficulties 
which  have,  in  the  past  at  least,  proved  insuperable.  They  meet 
expense,  wastage,  lack  of  coordination,  and  many  similar  diffi- 
culties. But  worst  of  all,  they  fail  to  understand  local  conditions 
thoroughly  enough  to  enable  them  to  meet  local  needs.  The  far- 
off  head  of  a  national  system  cannot  understand  the  shades  of 
difference  in  different  localities  which  make  some  films  possible 
and  others  entirely  impossible.  Absentee  ownership  in  film  dis- 
tribution is  as  impracticable  as  would  be  absentee  control  of  local 
libraries  of  books. 

Consider  the  care  with  which  books  are  chosen  for  individual 
local  libraries.  The  local  peculiarities,  needs,  idiosyncrasies,  arid 
demands  are  accurately  reflected  in  the  selection  of  books.  How 
much  more  must  films  be  chosen  with  such  considerations  in 
mind. 

The  fact  of  the  matter  is  that  the  small,  efficient,  distributing 
unit  is  the  prime  practical  plan  for  the  non-theatrical  film  field 
as  it  stands  today.  It  meets  the  situation  squarely  and  accurately. 
It  provides  exactly  the  films  that  are  wanted,  when  they  are 
wanted,  and  at  the  price  whiah  the  community  can  and  will  pay. 

BIOGRAPHICAL  FILM  OF  LATE  CARDINAL  GIBBONS 

A    MOTION  picture  record  of  Cardinal  Gibbons,  showing  the 

great  prince  of  the  church  in  scenes  during  his  life  and  the 

unusiial  incidents  that  attended  the  funeral  service  of  the  great 

prelate,  has  been  compiled  by  the  Lewy  Studios,  Baltimore. 

The  one  reel  film  begins  with  a  greeting  between  Theodore 
Roosevelt  and  Cardinal  Gibbons,  the  procession  at  the  Cathedral 
in  which  the  Cardinal  took  part,  a  scene  showing  Cardinal  Gib- 
bons, Admiral  Benson  and  the  former  Secretary  Danjels.  The 
little  country  place  where  the  Cardinal  spent  his  vacations,  the 
Cardinal's  residence  where  he  died,  and  the  throngs  that  came 
from  all  parts  of  the  country  to  mourn  him  are  also  shown.  Start- 
ling views  of  the  Cardinal  lying  in  state  were  obtained,  and  con- 
stitute a  part  of  this  record;  also  the  funeral  procession,  and  the 
crypt  where  the  Cardinal  now  lies. 


180  RURAL  EXHIBITIONS  IN  OHIO  COUNTY 
Important  Farm,  Home  Economics,  and  Welfare  Programs  Pre- 
sented by  Local  Chapter  of  American  Red  Cross 

By  Royal  Clyde  Agne 

THIS  extensive  program  of  motion  pictures  we  are  putting 
on  in  Muskingum  County,  Ohio,  during  the  summer  of 
1921.  Our  program  calls  for  180  nights  of  motion  pictures. 
We  began  the  first  of  April  and  will  probably  continue  until  the 
first  of  November.  Each  month  we  have  a  seven  or  eight  reel 
program  of  which  two  reels  feature  a  particular  community  in- 
terest.   The  monthly  schedule  through  September  is  as  follows : 

April — Agricultural  Clubs. 

May — Better  Schools. 

June — Good  Roads. 

July — Health. 

August — Child  Welfare. 

September — Farm  Conveniences  and  Rural  Art. 

The  program  is  sponsored  by  the  American  Red  Cross  with 
the  cooperation  each  month  of  the  particular  agency  concerned 
who  sends  with  us  a  representative  to  speak  five  or  ten  minutes 
on  that  interest.  We  also  have  a  half  hour  program  of  com- 
munity singing.  We  have  selected  30  er  32  strategic  centers 
where  we  can  get  the  best  attendances  and  have  the  best  facilities 
for  an  audience. 

We  are  also  demonstrating  in  connection  with  our  progeun 
a  practical  portable  motion  picture  projection  outfit.  Several  of 
these  have  been  loaned  to  us  for  periods  of  from  sixty  days  to 
six  months  and  a  number  of  our  communities  will  be  interested 
in  purchasing  machines  at  the  end  of  our  experience. 

The  monthly  film  programs  so  far  booked  are  as  follows: 

Apbov — CouNTKY    Clubs 
826  Apple  Blossom  Time  in  Normandy — Travelog. 

321  Your    Brother's    Keeper — Various    types    of    Red    Cross    Service. 
208  Every    Swimmer    a    Life    Saver — first    aid,    carrying    of    injured. 

Comedy — Pure  and  Simple,  1  reel. 

Boys'  and  Oirls'  Agriculture  Clubs  at  Camp  Vail,  2  reels. 

Boys'  Pig  Club,  1  reel. 

May — Schools 
811  Venice — ^Travelog. 
309   Vocational  Training  for  Blind  Soldiers — 1  reel. 

316  Mrs.    Brown   vs.    the    High    Cost    of   Living — household    budgets. 
Comedy — Local  Showers. 

1  Agricultural — Pig  Club. 

2  School   Films — Oolden  School  Days. 

JnNE — Good  Roads 
824  Neath  Poland's  Harvest  Skies. 

317  Father  Knickerbocker's  Children. 
813  Every  Woman's  Problem. 

803  Modern  Road  Construction. 

Comedy — A  Matter  of  Form — home  sewing,  1  reel. 

2  Good  Roads  Films— Oravel  Road  Construction. 

When  Cow  Boys  Oet  Together. 

July — Health 
305  Amid  Archangel  Snows. 
808  In  Florence  Nightingale's  Footsteps. 

819  Dawn  in  Lonesome  Hollow. 
1  Comedy. 

"The  Man  Who  Learned" — Rural  Milk  and  Babies. 

"The  Rat  Menace." 

"The  Fly  Danger." 

"Jinks  Cartoem"— Personal  Hygiene. 

Auowrr — Ciin.D  Welfabe 
807  The  Land  Without  3/ir<fc— Belgium. 
828  Spirit  of  Service — Home  Service  Red  Cross  Work. 

820  Before  the  Doctor  Comet. 

1  Comedy. 

2  Child  Welfare. 

Our  Children — 2  reels  on  Conuntmity  Child  Welfare. 


Food  for  Re/lection — 2   reels   on   Hot  School   Lunches. 

1  Agriculture — A  Flock  of  Sheep  on  Every  Farm. 

September-— Home  and  Farm  Conveniences 
310  Glimpses  of  the  Balkans. 
322  Heroes   All — disabled  soldiers'   care. 
318  Come  Clean — 2  reels — ^mouth  hygiene. 

Comedy. 

The  Happier  Way — home  conveniences — 1  reel. 

Camera  Hunting  in  California  National  Forests — 1  reel. 

Home  Inconveniences — 1  reel. 
Numbered  subjects  are  secured  from  Lake  Division,  American  Re( 
Cross,   Plymouth   Building,   Cleveland,   Ohio. 


VILLAGE  OF  150— MOVIES  DRAW   1000 

Business   Men   of  the   Community    Underwrite    All   Expenses   oi 
Church  Movie  Ehitertainments 

By  Rev.  Thomas  F.  Tucker 

Pastor,   Methodist   Episcopal   Church,   I.ynd,   Minn. 

PERHAPS  the  readers  of  Educational  Film  Magazine  ma^ 
be  interested  in  the  work  that  we  are  doing  in  Lynd,  Minn, 
with  the  motion  picture  machine.  About  a  year  and  a  hal: 
ago  the  Methodist  church  installed  a  motion  picture  equipmen 
with  the  intention  of  furnishing  the  people  of  this  community 
clean  entertainment.  This  is  a  village  of  about  150  inhabitants 
and  had  no  wholesome  means  of  entertainment.  We  gave  weeklj 
entertainments  in  the  church  in  the  winter  time  and  outside  in  the 
summer  time. 

This  spring  the  business  men  of  the  town  asked  if  they  might 
not  underwrite  all  of  the  expenses;  not  only  that,  they  offered 
to  give  the  church  |25  per  month  if  the  church  would  use  this 
amount  toward  the  upkeep  of  the  equipment.  I  as  pastor  of  the 
church  have  charge  of  securing  all  the  films,  so  that  we  are  still 
able  to  keep  up  the  high  standard  of  our  entertainments. 

We  have  had  as  high  as  1000  people  come  out  to  the  enter- 
tainments, most  of  them  being  country  folk.  I  think  this  quite 
wonderful  when  you  consider  the  size  of  the  town. 

We  use  the  screen  for  a  sort  of  an  advertising  exchange  for 
everybody.  If  a  farmer  has  a  cow,  horse,  or  anything  to  sell  he 
tells  his  neighbors  on  the  screen.  The  merchants  use  these  days 
for  their  bargain  days  and  all  use  the  screen  for  advertising. 

I  have  never  heard  of  a  country  community  that  has  used  the 
motion  picture  machine  in  this  way  but  I  am  sure  that  it  would 
be  a  great  success  in  every  small  country  community. 

I  would  be  willing  at  any  time  to  give  any  help  or  information 
to  any  one  wishing  to  try  this  kind  of  a  program. 

W    A* 

VOCATIONAL  GUIDANCE  FILMS  FOR  THEATERS 

TTIGH  school  and  advanced  grammar  grade  youths  will  be  given 
a  chance  to  see  vocational  guidance  films  reproduced  in 
thousands  of  the  movie  theaters  in  this  country.  The  motion 
Picture  Theater  Owners  of  America  have  agreed  to  run  vocational 
films  Saturday  mornings  free.  Joseph  Hopp,  who  represents  the 
niinois  organization  states  that  vocational  films  will  be  run  in 
Rock  Island,  111.,  next  fall.  In  this  way  young  people  can  see 
various  vocations  and  will  better  be  able  to  decide  what  their 
inclinations  should  be.  Local  showings  will  be  supervised  in 
many  instances  by  boards  of  education. 

The  national  association  also  promised  the  federal  government 
the  use  of  theater  screens  in  fostering  Americanism,  especially 
in  teaching  Americanism  to  foreigners  who  arrive  at  our  shores. 


Seattle  Public  Libi 


MOVIES  IN  SMALL-TOWN  CHURCH  POTENT  IN  EVANGELISM 

Fiye    Practical    Beneficent    Results    Directly    Traceable    to    the 
Films — Helpful  Hints  and  Cautions 

By  Rev.  John  Sherman  Potter* 

Pastor,  Community  Presbyterian  Qiurch,   Post   Falls,   Idaho 


HAVE  had  two  pastorates  since  leaving  seminary,  one  in 
Calistoga,  California,  and  the  other  in  Post  Falls,  Idaho 
both  western  towns  of  about  1,200  population.  I  have  used 
motion  pictures  in  my  church  work  in  both  communities  and 
think  the  results  have  been  worth  while  from  the  church  view- 
lint. 

P  was  first  attracted  to  the  possibilities  of  motion  pictures  in 

e  church  by  hearing  of  the  successful  use  made  of  them   in 

e  Westminster  Presbyterian  Church,  Sacramento,  Rev.  William 

Harrison,  D.D.,  pastor.     One  Sunday  I  announced  from  my 

;  distoga  pulpit  that  the  evening  service  would  be  discontinued 

that  the   pastor  and  his  trustees   could  make  the   auto   trip 

Sacramento,   90  miles   away,   and   visit  the   evening   service 

the  Westminster  Presbyterian  Church.     We  left  Calistoga  in 

■7  e  Napa  Valley  at  3  in  the  afternoon  and  made  the  90-mile  trip 

three  hours. 

Although  we  thought  we  had  arrived  in  plenty  of  time  to  ge" 

>od  seats  in  the  church,  we  found  that  at  7  o'clock  the  church 

*as  nearly  filled,  and  had  not  special  seats  been  provided  for 

ie  Calistoga  delegation,  we  would  have  had  difficulty  in  finding 

|»od  seats.     At  7:30  the  organ  began,  followed  by  a  spirited 

hd  spiritual  song-service  in  which  the  congregation  of  900  par- 

Hpated  splendidly.     The  rest  of  the  service  followed  without 

l)breviation,  the  pastor  preaching  for  30  minutes  and  the  con- 

egation  gave  him  rapt  attention.     A  motion  picture  followed. 

■    was  the  story  of  Edith  Cavell,  powerfully  presented,  a  won- 

fjrful  visualization  of  the  life-story  of  the  brave  English  nurse 

remember   particularly  the  solace  Miss   Cavell   found   ii   her 

St  hours   with    her    Bible.      The   picture   faithfully    portrayed 

=fe  triumph  of  faith  in  a  Risen  Savior  even  in  the  hour  of  death. 

t  the  close  of  the  last  reel  the  pastor  pronounced  the  benedic- 

on  and  the  great  throng  of  people  filed  out,  quietly,  thought- 

jilly,  reverently. 

It  was  a  great  service.  Dr.  Harrison  showed  us  his  modern 
juipment,  a  machine  costing  the  church  $1,000,  with  steel  booh. 
:sappearing  screen,  rising  from  the  front  of  the  pulpit,  and. 
hen  not  in  use,  out  of  sight  and  mind  beneath  the  pulpit 
latform. 

]  Congregation  Increased  600  Per  Cent. 

I 

,  My  church  trustees  were  enthusiastic  over  the  service  and  w^ 
:  ireed  that  an  experiment  along  the  same  lines  was  worth  try- 
;  ig  in  our  town.  As  we  were  a  home  mission  church  we  could 
,  3t  afford  to  put  any  expensive  equipment  in  the  church  building, 
,  hich  was  not  adapted  for  such  a  program.  But  I  went  to  the 
:.  lanager  of  the  only  motion  picture  theater  in  town  and  asked 
.  im  if  he  would  rent  his  theater  to  us  for  a  Sunday  evening 
rogram,  thus  using  his  moving  picture  equipment.  He  agreed 
ith  enthusiasm.  I  went  to  San  Francisco  and  booked  somr 
,  ictures  for  Sunday  evenings.     From  a  congregation  of  30  o' 

' '  *  In  Kew  Era  Magazine. 


40  I  preached  to  250,  the  capacity  fo  the  theater. 

Of  course  the  innovation  created  a  storm  of  criticism  among 
some  of  my  own  church  members,  to  whom  moving  pictures 
were  diabolical,  and  particularly  from  the  local  Methodist 
preacher,  who  warmly  denounced  the  whole  proceeding.  How- 
ever, Methodists,  Presbyterians,  Roman  Catholics,  Seventh-Day 
Adventists,  Two-Seed-in-the-flesh-Predestinarians,  prohibitionists, 
wine  makers,  saloon  keepers,  people  from  far  and  near  began  to 
come,  and  the  theater  was  packed  to  the  doors  time  and  again, 
people  standing  out  in  the  street  even.  From  the  standpoint  of 
numbers,  motion  pictures  in  a  theater  and  in  connection  with  a 
gospel  service  proved  a  big  success. 

As  to  definite  spiritual  resul's,  I  had  many  tell  me  that  the 
service  was  uplifting  and  helpful.  If  I  am  asked  how  many 
conversions  resulted,  I  frankly  reply  none  to  my  knowledge. 
While  I  endeavored  to  make  the  service  as  evangelistic  as  possible 
in  the  singing  and  message  preached,  I  did  not  ask  for  a  show 
of  hands  for  those  who  were  ready  to  accept  Christ.  But  I  did 
keep  a  record  of  people  who  attended,  I  called  on  them,  and  in 
that  way  definitely  secured  many  for  the  Sunday-school  and  morn- 
ing service  that  otherwise  I  would  not  have  reached.  In  general 
the  services  were  very  much  advertised  by  those  who  attended 
and  wrought  their  own  leavening  influence  on  the  community  at 
large. 

Films  Recommended 

I  will  here  append  a  list  of  some  of  the  pictures  I  used,  which 
J  cordially  recommend  for  use  in  any  church  service:  Cecelia  of 
Pink  Roses,  The  Cavell  Case,  Belle  of  New  York,  Ruling  Passions, 
Passing  of  the  Third  Floor  Back,  featuring  Forbes  Robertson, 
William  Farnum  in  Sign  of  the  Cross,  Enoch  Arden  and  Ramona. 
Free-will  offerings  were  taken  in  each  service  and  the  cost  of 
the  picture  was  thus  met.  I  appealed  to  the  people  to  give  lib- 
erally if  they  wished  these  services  to  be  maintained.  The  pro- 
grams cost  us  from  Sl4  to  $26  a  Sunday  evening,  including 
expressage,  advertising,  theater  rent,  etc.  Our  offerings  almost 
always  covered  the  cost.  If  I  remember  correctly,  the  12  pictures 
we  used  on  Sunday  evenings  cost  the  church  just  50  cents,  that 
being  the  deficit  at  the  end  of  the  experiment.  The  services  were 
discontinued  when  the  hot  weather  began. 

I  came  to  Post  Falls,  in  Idaho's  panhandle,  25  miles  east  of 
Spokane,  Washington,  more  than  a  year  ago.  TJiis  is  a  com- 
munity churdh,  one  of  the  fields  where  an  exchange  took  place 
between  Presbyterians  and  Methodists.  The  former  denomina- 
tion withdrew  from  a  neighboring  town,  resident  Presbyterians 
uniting  with  the  Methodist  church,  and  the  Methodists  have  united 
with  the  Presbyterians  here.  It  is  now  a  demonstration  parish  of 
the  country  church  department  of  the  Home  Missions  Board.  One 
of  the  first  things  I  suggested  in  the  way  of  community  work  to 
my  session  and  trustees  was  a  motion  pictufe  entertainment  under 
the  control  of  the  church.  There  is  no  motion  picture  theater  in 
town  and  we  don't  want  one.  At  present  we  run  a  regular  motion 
(Continued  on  page  16) 


HOW  ONE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  CAPITALIZES  THE  MOVIES 

"A    God-given    Medium    for    World    Evangelization,"    Enthusiasti- 


for    World    Evangelization," 
Declares  This  Minister 


Medium 
cally 

By  Rev.  George  Esdras  Bevans* 

Pastor,  Greystone  Presbyterian  Church,  Elizabeth,  N.  J. 


THE  majority  of  churches  in  recent  years  have  experienced 
a  falling  off  in  attendance  at  the  Sunday  evening  worship. 
Some  churches  have  discontinued  this  service  altogether, 
while  other  churches  have  substituted  a  vesper  meeting. 
Many  ministers  have  entered  their  pulpits  on  Sunday  evenings 
to  face  a  small  congregation  with  more  seats  empty  than  full, 
and  their  message  has  almost  failed  them  as  they  realized  the 
unresponsiveness  of  the  majority  of  church  members  to  worship 
more  than  once  on  the  Lord's  Day. 

This  modern  condition  of  affairs  has  caused  thousands  of  min- 
isters to  resolve  that  something  should  be  done  to  attract  people 
to  hear  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ.  More  and  more  the  convic 
tion  is  gripping  ministers  that  a  distinction  must  be  made  between 
the  Sunday  morning  and  evening  services.  In  the  morning  the 
service  should  be  made  preeminently  a  dignified,  worshipful 
meeting.  In  the  evening  it  should  become  a  Christian  propa- 
ganda meeting  for  delinquent  church  members,  indifferent  Chris- 
tians and  people  who  have  forgotten  the  church,  forgotten  prayer 
and  forgotten  God.  If  people  will  not  come  to  church,  then 
the  church  must  go  after  the  people.  "Go  out  into  the  highways 
and  constrain  them  to  come  in  that  my  house  may  be  filled,'' 
said  Jesus.  Popular  Sunday  evening  services  must  be  planned, 
where  the  atmosphere  of  friendliness  prevails  and  the  stranger 
feels  at  ease,  where  the  program  is  so  reverential,  cheerful  and 
interesting  that  people  will  feel  that  they  are  missing  something 
if  they  are  not  there. 

For  this  reason  motion  pictures  become  one  excellent  way  of 
popularizing  the  Sunday  evening  meeting  and  winning  people  to 
Christ  and  the  church.  Motion  pictures  are  a  universal  language 
and  have  a  universal  appeal.  Eight  to  ten  millions  of  people  are 
in  motion  picture  theaters  in  the  United  States  every  week-day  in 
the  year.  Profound  and  lasting  impressions  for  good  and  often  for 
evil  are  left  upon  the  minds  of  boys  and  girls,  men  and  women, 
by  the  commercialized  films. 

Church  Must  Use  Films 

The  church  must  use  this  means  of  attraction,  this  open  door 
for  instruction  into  the  human  soul.  As  public  schools  and 
colleges  are  realizing  the  vast  teaching  possibilities  in  motion 
pictures  and  in  rapidly  increasing  numbers  are  using  them  for 
education,  so  the  church  will  find  them  a  God-given  medium 
for  world  evangelization,  telling  in  the  simplest  and  most  mem- 
orable way  the  story  of  Jesus  and  His  love.  This  does  not  mean 
•that  the  spoken  word  will  ever  be  supplanted.  The  personal 
testimony  and  the  preaching  of  the  truth  with  a  passion  for 
souls  will  ever  be  needed.  It  means  that  the  church  is  eager  to 
present  the  life-giving  message  through  the  eye  as  well  as  through 
the  ear. 

In  the  early  fall  of  1920,  after  due  deliberation  concerning 
the  possibilities  of  motion  pictures  at  our  Sunday  evening  ser- 
vice, the  officers  of  Greystone  Church  voted  to  purchase  a  motion 
picture  machine.  It  was  decided  to  buy  the  best  machine  on 
the  market,  so  that  there  would  be  no  chance  for  any  unfavorable 
comparisons  as  to  pictures. 


*  In  StMi  Bra  Uagatine. 


A  free  license  was  given  by  the  city  authorities  to  one  of  <r 
church  officers  who  operates  the  machine.  Our  fire  insurai- 
agent  secured  a  waiver  from  the  fire  insurance  companies  whi 
permits  us  to  show  motion  pictures  in  the  church  without  .- 
ditional  expense  . 

The  securing  of  suitable  religious  and  educational  films  - 
casioned  considerable  correspondence  with  over  a  score  of  co- 
panies  producing  non-theatrical  films. 

The  International  Church  Film  Corporation  produces  excelln 
pictures,  dignified,  attractive  in  scenery  and  costumes,  and  • 
ways  with  a  vital  moral  and  religious  message  which  sinks  do 
into  the  mind. 

THE  CHURCH  CINEMA  IN  OPERATION 

,  ,    By  Rev.  M.  C.  Mackinnon 
(Conclusion) 

FROM  the  distance  a  little  captious  criticism  might  come,  I 
we  were  there,  and  we  knew  that  in  our  cinema  the  church  ai 
the  community  had  found  a  new  ally,  a  servant-friend.  T- 
screen,  even  when  it  reaches  its  best  many  years  hence,  can  nev 
supplant  the  pulpit.  The  pulpit  is  supreme,  but  the  screen  c 
be  made  its  powerful  ally.  This  is  the  inside  story.  One  Sund 
evening  a  stranger  came,  an  honest  doubter.  He  saw  and  listeiii. 
and,  going  out,  told  of  a  changed  mind.  He  saw  that  there  nel 
be  no  great  gulf  fixed  between  educational  evangelism  and  tl 
often-misused  gift  of  God,  the  cinema. 

Not  Commercialized 
The  cinema  was  not  a  financial  crutch  for  the  church,  and 
such  crutch  was  needed.  No  admission  fee  was  charged,  butbj 
expenses  were  met  from  the  Friday  evening  freewill  offerin; 
and  a  splendid  balance  remained  on  hand.  No  money  thus . 
ceived  went  to  any  other  purpose.  No  church  organization 
allowed  to  profit  financially  from  the  cinema.  Thus  we  did 
commercialize  the  servce,  the  aim  of  which  was  to  serve,  not] 
church,  but  the  whole  conmiunity  and  its  highest  good. 

Our  Purpose 

Our  use  of  the  cinema  was  not  designed  to  increase  church  1 
tendance,    however    legitimate   such   an    object   might   be. 
church  did  not  need  such  a  stimulus;  it  was  regularly  filled 
capacity  at  both  services  before  the  new  venture  was  thought  < 
and  during  the  preceding  year  the  church  school  enrolment  111 
(Continued  on  page  16) 

FILM  TO  HELP  PRESERVE  WORLD  PEACE 

A  NEW  movement  for  world-wide  peace  is  to  be  directed  ] 
Samuel  Hill,  former  Minneapolis  attorney.  Plans  for  t 
undertaking  were  outlined  by  Mr.  Hill,  who  passed  throuj 
Minneapolis  en  route  from  Europe  to  his  present  home  in  Seattl 
To  instil  a  reverence  for  peace  treaties  and  agreements  betwei 
nations  in  the  minds  of  all  civilized  peoples  of  the  earth,  W 
Hill  intends  to  exhibit  throughout  the  world  a  motion  pictui 
The  Sacred  Faith  of  a  Scrap  of  Paper.  The  picture  was  taki 
under  Mr.  Hill's  supervision  with  kings,  diplomats  and  dignitari 
of  Europe  at  actors. 


10 


k»-l.  t    V-«-«    X    A  ■ 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


:^H0 


•n  £  -. 


FEATURE  PICTURES  OF  SPECIAL  APPEAL 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


w 


.-ic'irr    ,v 


HILE  making  more  or  less  of  a  general  appeal,  some 
pictures  lend  themselves  with  particular  distinction  to 
definite  groups  of  spectators.  Here  are  four  such  sub- 
jects, of  which  The  Snob  is  mentioned  first. 

"THE  SNOB" 

Kathleen's  mother  has  social  ambitions  and  has  trained  her 
daughter  to  be  a  snob  of  the  most  exaggerated  type.  The  girl 
becomes  attracted  to  a  college  football  hero,  not  knowing  that 
he  is  working  his  way  through  college.  When  she  discovers  that 
he  wails  on  table  at  student  commons,  she  snubs  him,  whereupon 
his  chums,  young  men  of  means  and  prominence  in  college  af- 
fairs, undertake  to  teach  her  a  lesson.  It  is  a  shock,  but  sterling 
qualities  underlie  the  false  ideals,  and  Kathleen  rallies  to  a 
realization  that  the  truest  nobility  expresses  itself  through  a  spirit 
of  service  to  others.  This  clean,  charming  little  story  stars  Wanda 
Hawley  and  carries  an  excellent  post-war  message  especially  di- 
rected to  young  girls  but  applicable  to  all.  Football  scenes  and 
a  college  dance  in  a  real  gymnasium,  create  an  atmosphere  of 
youth  and  joy  as  contagious  as  it  is  constructive. 

"THE  LOVE  LIGHT " 

Persons  who  love  Italy  and  honor  the  part  she  played  in  the 
Great  War  will  be  especially  attracted  by  the  bubbling  happiness 
which  marks  the  opening  scenes  of  The  Love  Light,  in  which 
Mary  Pickford  interprets  the  merriment  of  a  little  peasant  girl 
living  on  the  Italian  coast.  Joy  begins  to  fade  as  the  storm  cloud 
of  war  bursts.  The  girl's  two  brothers  are  called  to  the  front 
and  one  of  them  is  killed.  She  contracts  a  secret  and  tragic  mar- 
riage with  a  sailor  washed  up  by  the  sea  and  claiming  to  be 
American.  The  sailor  jumps  to  his  death  upon  being  proven  a 
German  spy,  but  not  until  he  has  used  Mary's  love  message 
flashed  to  him  by  the  lighthouse  light  she  tends,  as  a  signal  to 
a  submarine  to  sink  a  ship  loaded  with  Italian  soldiers.  Among 
these  is  Mary's  younger  brother.  An  appealing  tragedy  of  the 
humble  then  unfolds  itself  during  which  the  peasant  maiden  loses 
the  rougishness  which  has  characterized  her  in  the  earlier  portion 
of  the  story  and  wrings  our  hearts  by  the  pathetic  motherhood 
which  comes  to  her.  Her  baby  is  taken  from  her  because  she  is 
not  considered  perfectly  sane,  but  her  heroic  and  successful  effort 
to  save  it  from  shipwreck  is  rewarded  with  the  rapture  of  having 
it  once  more  in  her  care.  To  this  happiness  is  added  the  sub- 
dued joy  of  taking  to  her  heart  as  her  husband  the  war-blinded 
friend  of  her  brothers,  over  whom  she  broods  tenderly.  In  the 
closing  scenes  of  the  story  are  well  illiistrated  the  fortitude  and 
success  with  which  the  blinded  men  of  the  late  war  manage  to 
take  up  the  details  of  everyday  living.  There  is  a  decided  ques- 
tion as  to  whether  the  strict  marriage  laws  of  Italy  would  permit 
of  a  secret  marriage  such  as  is  herein  shown  even  in  war  time; 
and  one  can  scarcely  imagine  a  priest  of  the  Church  who  would 
have  performed  it. 

"PARTNERS  OF  THE  TIDE" 

The  storm  scenes  in  "The  Love  Light"  are  particularly  impres- 
sive; the  lure  and  mystery  of  the  sea  is  strong.  Equally  is  this 
the  case  in  the  picturization  of  Joseph  C.  Lincoln's  novel,  Partners 


of  The  Tide.  It  is  a  story  of  ship-wreck  "and  salvage,  the  episodes 
having  been  very  successfully  rearranged  from  the  book  for  pur- 
poses of  continuity  and  climax.  The  deep-sea  scenes  furnish 
climatic  material  full  of  suspense  and  interest. 

An  elderly  lady  with  no  understanding  of  business  secures  the 
support  of  herself  and  her  granddaughter  frorn  an  old  schooner 
which  becomes  unseaworthy.  Her  lawyer  pursuades  her  to  put  ' 
matters  in  his  hands,  then  arranges  with  the  captain  of  the 
schooner  to  run  it  on  the  rocks  before  the  insurance  policy  has 
expired.  Upon  the  first  attempt,  the  ship  is  saved  by  the  young 
mate  who  is  also  a  deep-sea  diver.  For  doing  this,  he  is  dis- 
charged. The  second  attempt  to  sink  the  ship  is  successful, 
whereupon  the  mate  is  engaged  by  the  insurance  company  to 
investigate  the  sunken  hull  for  evidence  which  may  prove  that 
the  ship  was  intentionally  sunk.  The  crooked  lawyer  employs  a 
diver  who  is  to  prevent  the  hero  from  coming  to  the  surface  wi  h 
the  damaging  report  of  the  open  sea-cocks.  This  second  diver 
shuts  the  first  in  one  of  the  ship's  compartments  from  which  he 
is  rescued  before  it  is  too  late.  Cut  title  "Knocking  hell  put  of  the 
lighthouse." 

"MAROONED  HEARTS" 

Another  picture  which  savors  of  the  sea  and  is  well-fitted  for 
presentation  before  groups  interested  in  medical  and  surgical 
matters  is  Marooned  Hearts,  featuring  Conway  Tearle.  It  is  the 
story  of  young  Doctor  Carrington,  selected  by  an  old  hospital 
surgeon  to  be  his  successor.  To  avoid  spoiling  a  picnic,  Carring- 
ton's  sweetheart  selfishly  witholds  until  too  late  a  telegram  sum- 
moning him  to  a  life-or-death  operation  at  the  hospital.  Chivalry 
prevents  him  from  defending  himself,  and  his  professional  career 
is  ruined.  He  goes  to  a  small  island  in  the  West  Indies  to  perfect 
a  serum  by  means  of  which  he  hopes  to  continue  his  work  for 
humanity.  His  death  is  reported.  His  repentant  sweeJheart,  re- 
fusing to  believe  him  dead,  comes  to  the  Caribee  in  search  of 
him.  She  is  shipwrecked  and  in  escaping  from  a  drunken  sailor, 
finally  drifts  to  the  shore  of  the  doctor's'  island.  Vowing  that  he 
will  not  allow  her  again  to  interfere  with  his  work,  he  treats 
her  with  only  common  humanity  and  civility,  but  finally  protect- 
ing her  from  the  further  unwelcome  attentions  of  the  sailor  who 
has  also  made  land,  he  realizes  his  love  for  her  is  not  dead.  The 
serum  being  perfected,  the  doctor  and  the  girl  return  to  civiliza- 
tion, having  learned  some  severe  lessons. 

The  Snob.     Distributed  by  Realart  Pictures.     5  reels. 
The   Lore   Light.     Distributed  by   United   Artists.     8   reels. 
Partners  ol  the  Tide.     Distributed  by  Pathe.     5  reels. 
Marooned  Hearts.     Distributed  by  Selzniok.     5  reels. 

THE  THRILLER  OF  THRILLERS 

LYMAN  H.  HOWE'S  Ride  On  A  Runaway  Train  is  quite  in  the  same 
class  witli  The  Race  of  the  Age  as  an  unparalled  production  of  its 
kind.  It  is  a  tliriller  of  the  most  unqualified  type  and  represents  a  trip 
one  would  rather  take  hy  movie  than  in  reality.  Beginning  with  pleasing 
mountain  scenes  from  car  window  and  observation  platform  the  camera 
is  suddenly  moved  to  the  front  of  the  engine  just  as  the  train  begins  to 
run  down  a  steep  grade.  Bridges  are  crossed,  tunnels  are  passed  through 
at  terrific  speed,  until  suddenly  a  solid  wall  appears  across  the  track 
and  the  train  dashes  at  it.  Comedy  touches  in  the  form  of  cartoons  are 
intro<iuced  here  and  there  by  way  of  relieving  the  tension.  A  Ride  on  a 
Runaway  Train  can  be  recommended  to  those  persons  not  subject  to 
car-sickness  and  whose  nerves  are  strong.  And  to  others  for  th*  fpw^ 
is  worth  the  candle. 
Distributed  by  Educational   Film   Exchange.  Inc.,  »ro  Seventh  Ave.,  New  Yoi-k. 


11 


;    \         NEW  PATHE  SCREEN  STia)IES 

'T'HEf  collection  forms  a  comprehensive  library  of  popular  science, 
•*•  biology,  travel,  and  other  live  topics.  Much  of  the  nature  material 
has  passed  through  the  Pathi  Laboratories  in  France  to  receive  the 
delicate  natural  tints  known  as  Pathecolor.  Initial  releases  number 
seven  subjects: 

No.  1.  Athletic  Movements  Analyzed.  2  reels.  Comprises  common 
movements  of  walking,  jumping,  etc.,  and  demonstrations  by  famous 
sportsmen  of  boxing,  ball-playing,  javelin-throwing,  pole-walking,  div- 
ing, etc. 

No.  2.  Yoaemite,  the  Valley  of  Enchantment.  A  two-reel  subject  in 
Pathecolor. 

No.  3.  Felling  Foreit  Oiants.  1  reel.  Lumbering  in  the  forests  of 
North  Carolina  and  the  northwest. 

No.  4.  Br'er  Rabbit  and  His  Pals.  1  reel.  A  study  in  rodents  in- 
cluding squirrels,  prairie  dogs,  mice,  jerbods,  and  marmots.  A  close-up 
working  skeleton  of  the  jaws  that  distinguish  this  class  of  animals  is 
shown;  and  hibernation  is  illustrated. 

No.  5.  Animal  Camouflage.  I  reel.  This  pictures  the  power  of  pro- 
tective mimicry  possessed  by  crabs,  worms,  the  walking  stick,  caterpil- 
lars, toads,  lizards,  butterflies,  the  walking  leaf.  The  praying  mantis  is 
also  shown. 

No.  6.  Birds  of  Prey.  1  reel.  The  examples  pictured  are  the  kestrel, 
qparrow  hawk,  other  hawks,  buzzard,  goshawk,  the  Asian  laramergeler, 
Andean  condor,  and  the  American  eagle. 

No.  7.  Molluscs.  1  reel.  A  study  of  the  highest  class  of  invertebrates, 
dealing  with  the  oyster,  cuttlefish,  octopus,  and  snail. 


ONE-REEL  TRAVEL  SUBJECTS  OF  VALUE  AND  INTEREST 

EDUCATIONAL  FILM  CORPORATION  announces  A  Trip  Around 
^-*  the  World  in  Movies.  Group  A,  comprising  four  subjects,  takes  the 
spectator  to  France,  Switzerland,  Holland,  Italy  and  Spain.  Group  B 
will  extend  the  tour  to  Africa,  India,  the  Orient  and  the  Islands  of  the 
Pacific.  Group  C  pictures  Alaska,  Canada  and  northwestern  United 
States;  while  Group  D  includes  southwestern  United  States,  Central  and 
South  America. 

Among  the  current  travel  releases  of  the  Ford  Educational  Library, 
Fitzpatrick  and  McElroy,  distributors,  is  a  somewhat  unusual  glimpse 
into  the  depths  of  a  crystal-dear  lake  in  our  own  southland  which  is 
closely  identified  with  the  early  days  of  exploration  and  discovery. 
While  searching  in  Florida  for  the  Fountain  of  Perpetual  Youth,  Ponce 
de  Leon,  in  crossing  a  lake,  was  attacked  by  Indians  and  wounded.  His 
ship  was  sunk  and  became  petrified  by  minerals  in  the  water.  It  can 
still  be  seen  clearly  at  the  bottom  of  the  lake,  and  a  view  of  it  is  one 
of  the  features  of  a  recent  Ford  release.  Clear  To  The  Bottom.  Besides 
this  interesting  historical  relic  the  picture  shows  springs  bubbling  from 
the  floor  of  the  lake,  fishes  large  and  small  in  their  native  habitat,  and 
the  varied  vegetation  that  thrives  under  water.  After  gazing  at  these 
wonders  through  a  glass-bottomed  boat  the  spectator  takes  a  trip  down 
Silver  River  which  winds  through  forest  scenes  of  exceptional  beauty. 

Objects  thousands  of  years  older  than  Ponce  de  Leon's  boat  are  fea- 
tured in  another  Ford  reel  The  Big  Trees  of  California,  for  "General 
Grant"  and  "General  Sherman,"  giant  Sequoia  trees,  are  two  of  the 
oldest  things  on  earth,  boasting  an  age  of  4000  years.  A  scientific  study 
of  these  California  giants  is  included  in  the  reel  and  various  interesting 
uses  to  which  the  big  trees  have  been  put  are  shown. 

Another  Ford  subject  takes  us  to  the  West  Indies  and  the  picturesque 
harbor  and  busy  streets  of  Kingston,  Jamaica,  where  the  spectator  is 
given  opportunity  to  study  the  customs  of  the  natives  and  enjoy  the 
semi-tropical  beauty  of  this  town  which  ranks  second  in  wealth  and 
importance  in  the  British  West  Indies. 


STUDY  OF  THE  MONO  INDIANS 

A  N  Authentic  Study  of  the  Moral  and  Social  Emancipation  of  the 
^^  Mono  Indians  has  been  filmed  under  the  auspices  of  the  General 
Board  of  Promotion  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention.  Fifteen 
years  or  less  ago  the  Mono  Indians  of  California  were  not  accepted 
wards  of  either  the  United  States. government  or  the  State  of  California. 
They  had  no  land,  no  schools,  and  no  steady  employment.  They  lived 
in  huts  or  cave.s,  ^.uhsisting  chiefly  on  acorns,  roota,  herbs  and  such 
game  as  they  could  get.  They  had  been  driven  to  the  remote  canyons 
and  pockets  of  the  .Sierras  in  the  early  '.50s  when  Congress  repudiated 
their  treaties.  The  j)ioneer  missionaries  to  these  neglected  peo])le.  Rev, 
J.  G.  Brendel  and  Miss  Ida  M.  Schofleld,  are  featured  in  this  film, 
which  also  incorporates  scenes  taken  in  1918  showing  Red  Cross  ac- 
tivities of  the  Monos  during  the  great  war,  when  the  whole  tribe  made 
needed  articles  for  the  sokliers.  Many  phases  of  Mr.  Brendel's  work 
are  filmed  and  the  awakening  interest  of  the  government  officials  is 
portrayed.  The  film  is  nearly  four  reels  in  length  and  is  to  be  made 
available  for  church  use. 

If      t" 

"MOTION  PHOTOGRAPHY  WITH  THE  UNIVERSAL  CAMERA" 

nPHIS  is  the  title  of  a  new  and  attractive  32-page  illuEltratcd  catalog 
■*•  issued  by  Burke  &  .James,  Inc.,  of  240  East  Ontario  Street^  Chicago, 
and  220   Fifth   Avenue,   New   York,  manufacturers   of  the   well-known    . 
motion   picture  camera.    This  latest  edition  contains  a   good   deal  of ' ' 

12 


INDIANAPOLIS  BOARD'S  APPROVED  FILM  LIST 

f  MHE  Indianapolis  Board  of  Indorsers  of  Photoplays  recently 
published  the  following  list  of  feature  films  as  approved  by 
this  organization  during  the  month  of  February,  1921: 


Adult 

Reel 

INSIDE  OF  THE  CW— Famous  Players 7 

(Society   and   religious   drama) 

FRONTIER  OF  THE  STARS— Thos.  Meighan    {Paramount) « 

(Romance) 

MAMMA'S  AFFAIR— Constance  Talmadge    {First   National) 6 

(Domestic  Romance — ^Cut  Prolog) 

CHICKEN  IN  THE  CASE— Owen  Moore   {Selznick) 6 

(Comedy   Romance) 

THE    ROMANCE    PROMOTERS— {Vitagraph) „ 6 

WAY  DOWN  EAST— Lillian  Gish   (D.  W.  Griffiths  Prod.) 9 

(Drama,   New   England  Life) 

EARTHBOUND     {Ooldwyn) _ 8 

(Domestic  Drama) 

Family 

LAST  OF  THE  MOHICASS—{A)>.^ociated  Producers) 6 

(Historical) 

THE  LOVE  LIGHT— Mary  Pickford   {United  Artists) 6 

(War  Story  of  Northern   Italv) 

COUSIN  KATE— Alice  Joyce   {Vitagraph) .'. 5 

(Comedv  Romance) 

CHICKENS— Douglas    McLean    '{Paramount) 8 

(Comedy  Romance) 

The   following  pictures   have  been   selected  as   the   best   seen   during 

March   and   April.      Pictures   marked   family   are   suitable    for   parents 

to  take  their  children  to  see  and  which  they  can  enjoy  with  the  children. 

Pictures  listed  as  adult  are  not  suitable  for  children. 

Famii-v 

Reels 

The  Ole  Swi/mmin'  Hole — Chas  Ray  (First  Notional) 6 

The  Nut — Douglas   Fairbanks    (Associated   Players) 6 

What's  Worth  While — Lois  AVebber  (Famous  Players) 5 

The  Faith  Healer  (Paramount) 7 

//  I  Were  King — William  Farnum  (Fox  Film  Co.) 7 

The  Love  Special — Wallace  Reid  (Paramovmt) 5 

The  Little  Clown — Mary  Miles  Minter  (Real  Art) 5 

The  Dollar  a  Year  Man — Fatty  Ai^buckle   (Paramount) „ 5 

The  Old,  Time  Moire — Mary  Pickford   (Edward  Ammcs) 2 

Bob  Hampton  of  Placer— James  Kirkwood  (First  National) 7 

Diamonds  Adrift — Earl  Williams   (Vitagraph) 5 

The  Spenders   (Art  Film  Co.) 6 

The  Home  Stretch — Douglas  McLean   (Paramount) 5 

Adult 

Liobel — (First     National) 6 

The   Witching  Hour — Elliott  Dexter   (Paramount) 6 

Uncharted  Channels — ^H.    B.    Warner    (Goldwj'n) 5 

(Cut  cabaret  scene) 

The  Sacred  Flame   (Paramount) 5 

Scrambled  Wives — Marguerite  Clark    (First  National) 5 

O'Malley  of  the  Mminted — William  Hart   (Hart  Production) 5 

My  Lord  and  Master — Alice  Joyce   (Vitagraph) 5 

The  Kentuckians — Monty  Blue  (Famous  Players) _ 6 

Society  Snobs — Conway  Tearle    (Selznick) 6 

The  Greatest  Love   (Selznick) „ 6 

Lying  Lips — House  Peters  and  Florence  Vidor  (Ince  Production)  6 

Poor  Dear  Margaret  Kirby — Elaine  Hammerstein   (Selznick) 6 

Educationai. 

Victory  Day  in  Paris   (Prizma) 2 

Scenes  in  France   (Prizma) „ 2 

Flowers    (  Prizma) „ _ 2 

Poor  Butterfly    (Pri/.ma) _ 2 

The  Message  of  the  Flower  (Prizma) 2 

The  Tale  of  the  Fur  North  (First  National) 1 

CoMKOY 

Now  or  Never — Harold  Lloyd   (Pathe) _ 3 

The  Skippers  Scheme   (First  National) _ 2 

Ladies  Pets   (First  National) 2 

The  Dog   Doctor   (I'niversal) 2 

Holy  Smoke    (Mermaid) 2 

Bang  (Cut  where  girl  appears  in. night  dress)   (Mehnaid) „ 2 


practical  information  on  the  operation  of  a  movie  camera  and  gives 
instructions  on  composition  or  grouping  and  on  fade-in  and  fade-out 
effects,  double  exposures,  et*'.  Recent  improvements  in  this  standard 
camera,  such  as  the  prism  finder,  the  crank  counter,  and  the  turret 
front,  are  illustrated  and  described. 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEONA  BLOCK 


"THE  BIG  IDEA" 

T'  HE  BIG  IDEA  is  a  two  reel  comedy  based  on  one  of  the 
common  industrial  fallacies  that  the  workman  is  the  sole 
producer,  therefore  entitled  to  the  output  of  his  bench. 
Peter  Pringle,  an  earnest  but  lightly  balanced  employee 
of  a  shoe  factory,  is  converted  to  the  theories  of  a  group  of  radi- 
cals through  their  pamphlets  and  literature.  He  tries  to  interest 
everyone  with  whom  he  comes  in  contact,  in  his  radical  ideas.  The 
comedy  is  developed  when  his  wife  and  friends  reverse  his  teach- 
ing and  take  possession  of  some  of  his  personal  property.  The 
garage  mechanic  uses  Peter's  automobile  because  he  has  repaired 
it.  therefore  entitled  to  drive  it.  His  tailor  wears  his  pants  because 
he  has  mended  them  and  after  many  experiences  of  workmen 
he  employs  turning  his  theories  to  their  advantage,  he  realizes 
the  impracticability  of  his  big  idea.  A  wise  old  workman  re- 
monstrates with  him  and  explains  the  various  industrial  activi- 
ties required  to  produce  a  pair  of  shoes,  each  getting  their  share 
of  the  profit.  The  men  who  raise  the  cattle,  the  men  who  tan  the 
hides,  the  men  who  transport  the  leather,  the  capitalist  who 
provides  the  factory,  machinery  and  skilled  management,  the 
wholesale  and  retail  salesmen  who  play  their  parts  after  the 
shoes  leave  the  workman's  hands,  all  earn  their  percentage  of 
profit. 

The  picturization  of  the  industrial  evolution  of  a  pair  of  shoes 
has  unusual  educational  value  and  is  theoretically  convincing. 
Peter  learns  the  lesson  of  experience  and  is  willing  to  resume  his 
old  place  in  the  factory,  with  a  keener  knowledge  and  an  apprecia- 
tion of  the  part  he  plays  in  the  industrial  world. 

The  Big  Idea  is  distributed  by  Educational  Film  Exchanges; 
the  scenario  was  written  by  Rufus  Steele,  the  well-known  writer 
on  industrial  topics  for  the  Saturday  Evening  Post,  and  directed 
by  Carlyle  Ellis.  It  is  a  new  form  of  industrial  picture,  free 
from  all  suggestion  of  advertising  and  the  first  of  a  series  on 
industrial  subjects  produced  for  theatrical  release.  The  local 
theater  manager  in  every  manufacturing  community  should  give 
advance  notice,  to  the  industrial  plants  and  organizations  of  his 
district,  of  the  dates  of  exhibition  of  this  series  of  unique  pictures. 


"NEW  WAYS  FOR  OLD" 

\TEW  WAYS  FOR  OLD  is  the  first  of  a  series  of  twelve  edu- 
2^  \  cational-industrial  films  to  be  exhibited  in  theaters  through- 
out the  Southeastern  states  under  a  joint  arrangement 
recently  made  by  the  Southern  Enterprises,  Inc.,  the  Southern 
Railway  System  and  the  Southern  Bell  Telephone  &  Telegraph  Co. 

The  project  is  the  largest  of  its  character  ever  undertaken  in 
the  United  States  and  has  for  its  purpose  the  exploiting  of  the 
south's  resources.  The  picture  will  be  shown  during  the  course 
of  the  year  to  more  than  78,000,000  people. 

New  Ways  For  Old  shows  how  old  farming  implements  have 
been  displaced  by  modern  machinery,  so  that  the  farmer  can  till 
with  the  same  amount  of  labor  and  time  four  or  five  times  as 
much  acreage  as  he  could  by  the  old  methods.  The  picture,  which 
is  purely  educational,  was  started  at  the  beginning  of  the  farm- 
ing season  last  year  and  completed  at  the  end  of  the  harvest,  and 
shows  the  preparation  of  the  soil,  formation  of  seed  beds,  cul- 
ls 


tivation    and   harvesting   with   the   final    delivery    of    the    farm 
products  ready  for  sale. 

The  film  was  made  under  the  direction  of  F.  W.  Heiskill,  of 
the  International  Harvester  Company.  Other  pictures  will  show 
grain  elevators  now  in  use  in  the  south,  potato  curing  houses, 
cultivation  of  small  grain  as  well  as  fruit  culture,  canning  and 
marketing. 

A  film  secured  from  the  United  States  Department  of  Agricul- 
ture will  be  included  in  the  series.  This  picture  shows  new  ways 
for  combating  the  boll  weevil  through  the  use  of  calcium  arsenide. 
It  shows  the  preparation  of  this  chemical  at  the  government 
laboratory  at  Washington  and  federal  experiment  station  in 
Louisiana.  The  subsequent  scenes  show  its  application  to  fields 
of  infected  cotton  and  contrasts  are  drawn  between  treated  fields 
and  untreated  fields  where  the  parasite  is  allowed  to  pursue  its 
unrestrained  course. 

Another  conspicuous  feature  of  this  educational  campaign  will 
be  the  inclusion  of  several  thousand  feet  of  "safety  first"  pic- 
tures, produced  under  the  personal  direction  of  Marcus  Dow,  of 
the  New  York  Central  railroad,  who  is  known  as  one  of  America's 
leading  safety  first  experts,  and  D.  H.  Beatty,  superintendent  of 
safety  of  the  Southern  railway. 

^      1^ 

"THE  ELECTRIC  HEART" 

■^TOLUMES  have  been  written  to  explain  to  the  motorist  the  operation 
'  of  the  automobile  storage  battery,  but  it  still  remains  a  mystery  to 
many  car  owners.  The  Prest-O-Lite  company  has  produced  a  film,  The 
Electric  Heart,  telling  the  story  of  the  storage  battery  from  the  mining 
of  the  material  to  the  installation  on  the  car.  It  shows  the  various 
manufacturing  processes  and  vividly  illustrates  the  actual  operation  of 
the  battery,  tlie  "juice"  originating  in  the  plates,  passing  to  the  terminals 
and  preparing  the  "kick"  that  spins  the  motor. 


INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NOTES 

THE  Westinghouse  Lamp  Company  have  three  interesting  films 
which  they  are  distributing.  One  reel  shows  the  work-  of  their 
Welfare  Department  including  the  educational  work,  recreation, 
physical  training,  health  and  sanitation.  The  second  reel  visualizing  the 
manufacturing  process  of  incandescent  lamps  and  is  used  for  visual 
training  and  instructing  new  employees,  in  Westinghouse  shop  methods. 
The  third  reel  depicts  the  manufacturing  process  of  incandescent  lamps 
from  a  scientific  and  technical  point  and  distributed  to  technical  schools, 
colleges,  and  engineering  societies.  The  pictures  were  produced  by 
Eugene  Roder  of  Roder  and  Cowen  Service  Company,  New  York. 

One  hundred  and  fifty  Santa  Fe  officials  attended  a  dinner  given  the 
Topeka  Chamber  of  Commerce  recently  and  one  of  the  features  of  the. 
evening,  was  a  motion  picture  showing  the  making  of  a  modern  locomo- 
tive from  the  moulding  of  the  steel  to  the  fitting  and  assembling  of  the 
parts,  producing  the  powerful  engine,  known  as  the  Baldwin  locomotive. 

The  two  reel  picture  of  the  Chicago  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Hotel  and  efficiency 
of  the  Y.  Social  Service  Bureau,  produced  by  the  Rothacker  Film 
Manufacturing  Company  is  being  exhibited  in  Y.  M.  C.  A.  auditoriums 
throughout  the  United  States. 

Ricardo  Videlo,  representing  an  .\rgentine  railroad,  has  been  at  the 
Rothacker  lalioratories  editing  a  film  depicting  the  industries  and  re- 
sources of  .Argentine  which  he  will  exhibit  at  American  Colleges  and 
Clubs. 

A  four-reel  picture  of  the  Wayne  Oil  and  Pump  Company,  Fort 
Wayne,  Indiana,  has  been  sent  to  foreign  countries  to  show  the  size  and 
capacity  of  the  plant,  the  superior  workmanship  and  fine  quality  of 
material  used  in  manufacturing  the  products  of  the  company.  The 
Wayne  process  of  heavy-oil  filtration  system  is  visualized  in  detail. 
During  1921  the  circulation  of  the  films  will  be  used  for  salespromotion 
abroad,  therefore  the  titles  are  in  French,  Spanish,  Portugese,  Italian 
and  Dutch.  J.  L.  Barnard,  Kineto  Company  of  America,  directed  the 
films  and  the  Wayne  Company  will  equip  their  sales  force  with  these 
pictures  reproduced  on  the  disc  records  for  the  new  Spirograph  projec- 
tors when  they  exhibit  them  in  the  United  States. 


}  ?irt»j%cts 


^^W  HEALTH  FILMS  FOR  PENNSYLVJ 

A  M0NG  the  most  important  of  the  recently  coAipleted  ^tfbj^cts 

at"  the  "J.  R.  Bray  studio  are  three  short  cartoons  produced 
for  the  Pennsylvania  Departr^ent  of  Public  Health.  These. are 
the  first  of  a  series  which  have  been  ordered  by  the  department. 

One  called  Flies  is  built  around  the  danger  of  the  spread  of 
disease  through  a  manure  pile.  A  gnome,  which  is  introduced  in 
all  the  cartoons  to  personify  the  spirit  of  the  Board  of  Health, 
appears  in  Flies  and  asks  a  man  standing  near  a  pile  of  manure: 
"Do  you  know  that  90  per  cent  of  house  flies  are  bred  in  the 
manure  of  stables?"  The  gnome  then  suggests  to  the  man  that 
they  follow  one  of  these  flies,  and  the  two  trail  the  dreaded  insect, 
observing  as  they  go  the  points  which  make  it  such  a  disease- 
carrier. 

Another  of  the  subjects  is  called  Diphtheria  and  deals  with 
the  necessity  of  using  anti-toxin,  which  neutralizes  poisoning 
bacteria  at  the  early  stages  of  this  disease. 

The  third  cartoon  is  called  Prizefighting  and  is  intended  to 
show  the  strength  and  resistance  to  disease  of  nature-fed  babies 
as  compared  to  those  raised  on  condensed  milk  and  infant  food. 
The  scene  is  set  on  a  prizefighting  platform. 

NEGRO  FILM  PRODUCED  BY  NEGRO 
A  N  educational  motion  picture  of  negro  life  in  Atlanta,  Youth, 
Pride  and  Achievement,   which   has   been   showing   at   the 
Auditorium  theater,  will  be  taken  north  for  exhibition  in  many 
of  the  principal  cities,  according  to  Edward  L.  Snyder,  representa- 
tive of  the  Pyramid  Film  Corporation  of  Chicago. 

Snyder  is  a  graduate  of  Tuskegee  Institute,  and  he  supervised 
the  making  of  the  film  several  weeks  ago.  It  will  be  used  to 
further  educational  work  among  the  members  of  his  race,  as 
well  as  to  inform  the  white  people  of  the  genuine  southern  negro 
life.  He  has  supervised  the  making  of  pictures  in  several  southern 
cities,  picking  out  the  different  characteristics  of  the  negro  popu- 
lation of  each. 

The  Atlanta  picture  is.2,500  feet  long  and  shows  the  home  life, 
social  activities,  schools,  colleges,  and  plantation  life  of  the 
colored  people  in  and  around  Atlanta.  One  feature  of  the  film 
is  the  view  of  the  magnificent  home  of  A.  F.  Herndon,  Atlanta 
negro  barber,  who  rose  from  the  plantation  to  wealth  and  honor 
among  his  race. 

"SUNLIT  NORWAY" 
'T'HE  beauty  of  a  northern  country  in  summer  time  is  repro- 
duced in  Sunlit  Norway,  which  was  shown  at  Christ  Presby- 
terian Church,  Madison,  Wis.,  on  June  7,  under  the  auspices  of 
the  local  lodge  of  Sons  of  Norway.  The  society  secured  the  pic- 
ture from  Chicago  where  it  had  a  successful  run.  This  showing  of 
the  film  was  its  first  appearance  in  Wisconsin. 

"KNOW  UTAH" 
nPHE  first  of  a  series  of  films  on  Know  Utah  showing  the  legis- 
lative bodies  of  the  state  in  operation  has  been  completed 
by  the  extension  division  of  the  University  of  Utah  and  will  be 
ready  for  release  to  the  public  in  the  near  future,  according  to 
announcement  by  Prof.  F.  W.  Reynolds,  director  of  the  extension 
division.  The  film  is  expected  to  be  shown  in  every  town  in  the 
state. 


HAVE  YOU  A  FILM  LIBRARY? 

You  cnn  tinve  Immediate  shipment  on  hundre<lfi  of  single  reel  8ubjects. 

A    splendid    motion    picture    lilm    library    for    you    at    minimum    cost. 

History  Science  Agriculture 

GeoKrapiiy  Industrials  Scenics 

Perfect  condition   guaranteed.     tlS.OO  per  subject. 

Write    fiiT   rntnlnfine   and   full    pnrticvlnrs 

FITZPATRICK  &  McELROY 

202  So.  State  St.  Chicago,  Illinois. 


Urban 


Popular 
Classics 


The  Living  Book 
of  Knowledge 

'T'HE  sciences,  the  arts,  travel,  history, 
and  many  other  fields  of  study  are 
already    extensively    recorded    in    two 
principal  groups: 

1.  Kineto  Reviews 

2.  Movie  Chats 

They  Iiave  won  the  endorsement  of  lead-*   '>'"'>« 
ing  social  and  civic  organizations  every- 
where. 

Modern  Truths  From  Old  Fables 

Now  comes  the  fairy  tale.  Soon  there 
will  be  ready  for  release  the  beautiful 
Fables  of  La  Fontaine. 

The  translation  to  the  Alms  of  th§  mas- 
ter-story-teller is  being  done  by  Raymond 
L.  Ditmars,  curator  of  the  New  York 
Zoological  Society. 

Refresh  your  memory  by  re-reading  the 
Fables — then  visualize  what  remarkable 
motion  pictures  they  can  be. 

Thev  are  beautiful. 


Write  for  details. 


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NEW  YORK 


To  enlertain  and  amu$e  is  good— 
To  do  both  and  instruct  is  belter. 


u 


FLASHES  ON  THE  ^  ORLD'S  SCREEN 


Sl'AL  Educntion  and  tlie  Proper 
\,lse  of  Films  In  Educational  Work" 

ivas  the  tlienie  of  an  address  by 
t'R.  D.  Salisbury  of  the  Uni- 
•ity  of  aiicaKo  at  the  seventeenth 

3ial  meeting  of  the  Federation  of 
ols  Colleges  recently  held  in 
sonville.    111. 

connection  with  the  anti-tuljer- 
Jiis  campaign  of  the  Modem 
Idmen  of  America  "The  Price  of 
nan  Lives"  was  recently  shown  at 
.Review  Theater,  Peru,  111.  The 
iiTc  presents  a  strong  lesson  of 
,  111  cooperation  and  twentieth 
ir\    social  service. 

*  * 

I   supplement    tlie    lectures    on    so- 

iiMxiene      which      Dr.      Jeanette 

irton    lia-s   been    delivering   to 

ind     girls     of     various     Iowa 

.0    .state    board    of    health    has 

-bowing     the     venereal     disiease 

•  I  he    End   of   the    Road"    in   dif- 

■  it   tlieaters. 

*  * 

le  Texas  Public  Health  As.socia- 
i  recently  .sent   its   .Mexican    health 

■  r,  R.  C.  Ortega,  on  a  lecture 
of  the  iMrdcr  towns  with  motion 

ire  films  in  connection  with  its 
tul)erculosis,     venereal     disease 

similar  health  campaigns.  Mr. 
ga    has    been    lecturing    in    gram- 

fchools.  high  .schools,  and  Catho- 
[parochial    .schools. 

Ibns  descriptive  of  orange  cul- 
li  in  California,  cherry  growing 
iiVLsconsin.  and  orchard  conditions 
•Obio  were  interesting  features  of 
li  meeting  of  the  Grafters'  Club  in 
i:icultural  Hall,  University  of  Wis- 
Ciin,    Madison,    Wis. 

i»  a  part  of  the  national  nursing 
eice  campaign  of  the  American 
I  Cross,  to  overcome  the  forty 
(•ent  shortage  of  trained  nurses  in 
(  Inited  States,  two  interesting 
J  instructive  propaganda  pictures 
i;  being  shown  in  different  parts 
)*  the  country.  "Following  the 
Msleps  of  Florence  Nightingale" 
i:  "Heroes  .Ml"  were  presented  at 
1  Strand  Theater,  Lynn,  Ma.ss.. 
I  er  the  auspices  of  a  local  com- 
r^ee  consisting  of  Dr.  George  W. 
h.-wood  and  the  superintendents  of 
1  Nurses'  Training  School,  Lynn 
hpital.   and   Union    Hospital   of  that 


he  seven  reel  film  on  the  wonders 
3  Eskimo  land  in  .\laska  was  shown 
i:  the  high  school  auditorium.  Pasa- 
i  a,  Calif.,  recently  in  connection 
»h  a  lecture  by  W.  B.  VanValin, 
1  ier  of  the  John  Wananiaker  Expe- 
c  on  to  Point  Barrow,  Alaska,  in 
r»arch  work  for  the  University  of 
Imsylvania  Museum  of  Philadelphia. 

*  « 

he  Salt  Lake  County  Medical  So- 
t:y  and  other  county  medical  associa- 
tis  have  been  studying  the  films  of 
t  Utah  Public  Health  Association 
i  1  recently  viewed  a  film  entitled 
'arly  Diagnosis  of  Tuberculosis  in 
'   Its  Types." 

*  * 

"he  5400  feet  of  prints  of  Chilean 
!  emment  film  which  were  recently 
'itroyed    in    a    fire    at    a    studio    in 

llywood,  Calif.,  have  been  reprinted 
I'tn  the  original  negatives.  The  pic- 
i"es  show  the  scenic,  commercial,  and 

lustrial  attractions  of  Chile,  the 
■■toms  and   activities  of  the  natives, 

(1  a  survey  of  the  great  mining  re- 
:>ns. 

*  * 

'The  Foster  Mother  of  the  World" 
.s  shown  by  F.  L.  Stanard,  super- 
endent  of  extension  work  of  the 
inois  State  Department  of  .\gricul- 
re,  at  the  forty-seventh  annual  con- 
ation of  the  Illinois  State  Dairy 
socialion  at  Mount  Vernon,  111. 

*  * 

The  Congregational  Tatjemacle  of 
auwatausa.  Wis.,  is  giving  com- 
inity  movie  shows. 

*  * 

The  .Mumnae  Association  of  Mills 
Uege  as  well  as  Bryn  Mawr  and 
fier  women's  colleges  have  used 
dice  in  Wonderland"  within  recent 
intlw  to  help  raise  money  for  their 
dowment  funds. 

*  * 

Fire  prevention  films  of  the  North 
■rolina  Insurance  Department  were 
cently  shown  in  the  high  school  au- 
torium.  High  Point,  N.  C,  under 
e  auspices  of  the  civic  department 
the  Women's   Qub. 


"Homespun  Folks"  in  six  reels  and 
"Pjnfeather  Pickaninnies,"  a  one-reel 
scenic,  were  on  the  program  of  the 
community  entertainment  at  the 
Methodist  Church,  Calixico,  Calif. 

The  school  children  of  Geddes. 
South  DakotJi.  who  attend  the  Sunday 
schools  of  the  Methodist  and  Congre- 
gational churches  are  given  free 
tickets  to  the  Monday  night  movie 
show.  Others  are  charged  the  regular 
admission   price. 

*  * 

Scientific  reels  supplied  by  the  Uni- 
versity of  Utah  were  shown  recently 
at  Oneida  Academy,  Preston,  Utah. 

*  * 

George  H.  Payne  of  Omalia  recently 
exhibited  at  .Agricultural  Hall,  Uni- 
versity of  Wisconsin,  a  film  showing 
liow  he  had  succe.ssfully  developed 
12,000    acres    of    marshland    at    Albert 

Lea,  Minn. 

*  * 

A  recent  movie  program  at  Fuller- 
ton  Grammar  School,  FuUerton,  Calif., 
comprised  the  following:  "The  Salt  of 
Industry":  "The  Temple  of  Heaven," 
with  scenes  in  Pekin,  Cliina;  "Harvest- 
ing Wheat  in  America";  "The  Won- 
ders in  the  Depths  of  the  Sea." 

*  * 

A  recent  program  at  Union  High 
School,  Sutter,  Calif.,  consisted  of  "A 
Microscopical  View  of  the  Blood  Circu- 
lation" in  four  reels;  a  Bray  Picto- 
graph  entitled  "The  World's  First  Sci- 
entific Harness";  "Broken  Silence," 
and  "Back  to  the  Farm." 

*  * 

A  state-wide  health  educational  cam- 
paign with  lectures,  exhibits,  and  free 
motion  picture  shows  is  being  con- 
ducted by  Indiana  University  Training 
School  for  Nurses  through  two  trained 
nurses.  Miss  Pitt  and  Miss  Ca.ster. 

A  film  showing  medical  operations, 
first  aid,  and  x-ray  phenomena,  which 
was  used  to  teach  soldiers  during  the 
late  war  was  presented  on  a  recent 
Friday  morning  to  the  .students  of  the 
State  Normal  School,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

*  * 

The  Farm  Bureau  of  Mercer  County, 
111.,  recently  purchased  a  motion  pic- 
ture projector  to  show  films  loaned  by 
the  state  university  and  the  Illinois 
Agricultural   Association. 

The  extension  department  of  Wash- 
ington State  Collie,  Pullman,  Wash., 
is  distributing  various  film  productions 
of  the  United  States  Department  of 
iVgriculture,  two  recently  received 
being  "Apples  and  the  County  Agent" 
and  "Apple  Orchards  That  Pay." 

*  * 

Dr.  Joseph  DeCourcey,  of  the  De- 
Courcey  tlinic,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  gave 
a  lecture  and  demonstration  of  sur- 
gery with  local  anesthetics  in  motion 
pictures  in  the  high  school  auditorium, 
Titfin,  Ohio,  before  the  members  of  the 

Seneca  Medical  Society. 

*  * 

A  recent  program  at  W.  C.  T.  U. 
Hall.  North  Rockford,  III.,  consisted 
of  "A  Day  with  the  United  States 
Fleet,"  "The  Glory  of  Life,"  and  a 
comedy,  "Max  Comes  Across."  A  so- 
cial hour  with  games  and  refresh- 
ments followed.  Rockford  college 
girls  were  in  charge  of  the  entertain- 
ment. 

*  * 

Through  the  courtesy  of  the  E.  A. 
Hamm  Hardware  Co.,  New  London, 
Wis.,  the  people  of  that  town  were 
recently  shown  at  the  local  opera 
house  "Modern  Dairy  Fanning"  and 
"Conducting  a  Farm  for  Profit,"  both 
of  which  made  a  strong  appeal  to  the 
members   of    this   fanning   community. 

*  * 

The  Unitarium  and  Presbyterian 
Churches  of  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  where  is 
located  Iowa  State  University,  are 
showing  motion  pictures  regularly 
everj'  Sunday.  "The  Stream  of  Life" 
was  a  recent  attraction  at  the  Presby- 
terian church.  The  residents  of  this 
city  are  discussing  a  plan  to  establish 
a  community  theater  where  both 
spoken  plays  and  motion  pictures  will 
be  presented. 

*  * 

Films  played  a  prominent  part  dur- 
ing the  recent  drive  for  Irish  relief  in 
San  Francisco.  For  ten  days  lecturers 
and  motion  pictures  were  employed 
throughout  the  city,  in  theaters, 
schools,     churches,    and    other    public 

places. 

*  * 

At  the  monthly  clinics  of  St.  Vin- 
cent's Hospital,  Toledo,  Ohio,  motion 
pictures  are  used  to  demonstrate  deli- 


cate operations  to  the  surgeons  of  that 

"Through  Life's  Windows"  was  the 
picture  used  by  Dr.  Reginald  C.  Au- 
gustine, a  noted  eye  specialist,  at  a 
meeting  of  tlie  Teachers'  As.sociation 
at  Utica  Free  Academy,  Utica,  N.  Y. 

*  * 
Films  of  the  work  and  activities  of 

the  Orthopedic  Hospital,  Los  Angeles, 
Calif.,  .were  exhibited  for  two  weeks 
in  five  downtown  theaters  of  that  city 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Marigold 
Club  of  the  Hollywood  Congregational 
Church,  the  object  being  to  raise  funds 
for   the    building   and   equipping   of   a 

new   hospital. 

*  * 

The  Metropolitan  Life  Insurance 
Company  two  reel  welfare  picture, 
showing  the  extensive  welfare  work 
among  its  employees,  was  a  feature 
of  "Metropolitan  NiKht"  at  the  meet- 
ing of  the  Life  Underwriters'  Associa- 
tion in  the  Hotel  Martin,  Utica,  N.  Y. 

*  * 

"Little  Red  Riding  Hood"  was 
shown  recently  on  the  new  machine 
presented  by  the  Mothers'  Club  to  the 
Alamo  School  of  Galveston.  Texas. 
Pictures  are  shown  every  Friday  aft- 
ernoon and  on  special  occasions. 

*  * 

"The  Problems  of  Pin-Hole  Pari-sh" 
was  used  in  connection  with  a  Sun- 
day night  service  at  the  First  Congre- 
gational Church,  Springfield,  111.,  and 
on  the  same  evening  "The  Stream  of 
Life"  was  shown  at  the  First  Metho- 
dist Qiurch  of  that  City.  It  is  inter- 
esting to  note  that  in  both  instances 
the  usual  Sunday  night  sermon  was 
omitted,  the  film  apparently  in  each 
ca.se  delivering  all  the  sermon  that 
was   necessary. 

*  * 

The  Strand  and  Majestic  Theaters 
of  Boise.  Idaho,  recently  displayed 
two  films  made  by  the  government 
forestry  service.  One  was  "Camera 
Hunting  in  the  California  Forests" 
and  the  other  "Tourist  Day  in  Nation- 
al Forests." 

*  * 

More  than  700  pupils  of  the  Latter 
Day  Saints  University.  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  recently  saw  four  health  films 
loaned  by  the  Utah  Public  Health  As- 
sociation. They  were:  "The  Price  of 
Human  Lives."  "The  Great  Truth," 
"The  Modem  Health  Crasade.'  and 
"Jinks.'  The  showing  was  under  the 
direction  of  the  department  of  physi- 
cal education. 

*  * 

In  connection  with  a  tractor  school 
for  farmers  in  Centralia,  Wash.,  films 
were  shown  at  the  Hotel  Centralia. 
"Keep  the  Boy  on  the  Farm,"  "Farm- 
ing with  a  Fordson."  and  "Where  and 
How  Ford  Cars  Are  Made"  were  some 

of  them. 

*  * 

Taylor  Holmes  in  "Nothing  But 
Lies"  was  the  feature  attraction  at 
the  Saturday  night  Y  show  in  Wauke- 

gan.  111. 

*  * 

A  recent  program  at  the  high 
school,  Joplin,  Mo.,  embracing  little 
Zoe  Ray  in  "Twinkle,  Twinkle,  Little 
Star."  a  Pathe  Review,  an  Edgar 
comedy  and  a  Mutt  and  Jeff  cartoon. 

*  * 

"The  Story  that  the  Keg  Told,"  in 
three  reels,  was  the  Sunday  evening 
picture     at     Civic     Park     Presbyterian 

Church,    Flint,   Mich. 

*  * 

County  farm  bureaus  are  using 
movies  to  good  advantage  throughout 
the  middle  west.  The  McClean  County 
bureau,  at  Bloomington,  111.,  reports 
an  attendance  of  3084  at  thirty-two 
tonTiship  and  school  meetings. 

*  * 

The  film  made  for  the  National 
C.itholic  Welfare  Council,  "American 
Catholics  in  War  and  Reconstruction," 
is  still  actively  exhibited  in  many 
parts   of  the   United  States. 

*  * 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  Wilson,  a  British 
food  expert,  who  for  years  was  chef 
to  Queen  Victoria,  has  illustrated  a 
numlier  of  her  popular  recipes  for 
the  weekly  i.s.«ues  of  Pathe  Pictorial. 
The  pictures  show  the  housewife  how 
to  prepare  wholesome,  nourishing, 
and  delicious  dishes  at  small  cost. 

*  * 

Many  of  the  siKial  clubs  of  the 
Metropolitan  district  of  London  are 
•screening  news  weeklies  at  regular 
intervals  and  the  idea  of  an  animated 
reading  room  has  made  a  strong  ap- 
peal to  the  club  members. 


WE  OFFER,  SUBJECT  TO 
PREVIOUS  SALE,  FILMS 
FOR  SALE  ON  THE  FOL- 
LOWING GENERAL  SUB. 
JECTS:  (NONE  OF  THESE 
FILMS  IS  FOR  RENT). 


Price  $35  per  reel,  and  up- 
tvards,  according  to  condition 
and  age. 


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15 


MOVIES    IN    SMALL    TOWN    CHURCH 

(Continued  from  paf/e  if) 
picture  exhibition  in  the  church  building  Fri- 
day evenings,  the  pastor  booking  the  pictures. 
We  purchased  a  portable  moving  picture  ma- 
chine, which  has  given  very  satisfactory  service. 
At  the  sr.me  time  we  purchased  a  special  screen, 
with  an  aluminum  surface,  which  rolls  up  like  a 
curtain  when  not  in  use.  Thus  our  pictures 
show  as  well  as  the  finest  theater  in  the  country. 
Right  here  I  want  to  remark  that  when  a 
church  does  decide  to  use  motion  pictures,  the 
best  arrangements  to  that  end  ought  to  be 
secured.  We  don't  want  people  to  say  that  the 
church  is  handing  out  inferior  programs,  but 
on  the  contrary  we  want  people  to  advertise 
that  their  church  is  giving  the  best.  Other- 
wise, churches  had  better  leave  moving  pic- 
tures alone. 

Ali,  Expenses  Paid 
Our  church  can  show  pictures  more  reason- 
ably than  a  theater,  for  there  is  no  rental 
charge  or  other  overhead  expense,  which 
makes  it  almost  impossible  for  small  towns  to 
get  the  best  pictures.  Furthermore,  I  utilize 
the  enthusiasm  of  the  boys  and  I  have  a  good 
staff  of  high  school  boys  to  help  me,  and  the 
only  charge  for  their  services  is  to  give 
them  a  free  admission  to  the  show.  On  Friday 
evenings  we  charge  25  cents  for  adults,  15 
cents  for  children.  For  10  months  we  have 
used  a  picture  nearly  every  week  and  have 
paid  all  expenses  except  the  initial  cost  of  the 
machine.  This  winter  we  expect  to  do  better 
than  that.  Some  of  the  best  pictures  that  we 
have  used  are: 

Baby  Marie  Osborne  in   The  Little   Patriot 
Marguerite   Qark   in    Uncle   Tom's   Cabin. 
Mary  Pickford  in  Rebecca  of  Sunnybrook  Farm 
Bessie  l.ove   in   Carolyn  of  the  Comers 
Marion    Davies   in    Runaway   Romany 
Mae  Mar.sli  in    Polly   of   the   Circus 
Mae  Marsh  in  Sunshine   Alley, 
Doris  Kenyon  in   Street  of  Seven   Stars 
Doris  Kenyon  in  Inn  of  Blue  Moon, 
Mae  Marsh  in  The  Glorious  Adventure, 
These  are  all  excellent  numbers  for  entertain- 
ment.     With    these    we    have    used    the    Bray 
pictograph     and     the     Ford     Weekly     service. 
There   is   nothing   better.     The   animated   car- 
toons at  the  close  of  each  Bray  pictograph  are 
particularly   popular   with   the   children. 

In  Post  Falls  1  have  used  a  few  pictures  in 
connection  with  a  Sunday  evening  service. 
From  the  Manger  to  the  Cross,  a  seven-reel 
picture  of  the  life  of  Christ,  was  used  last 
Easter  time.  It  is  by  all  odds  the  finest  life  of 
Christ  on  the  screen  and  is  scripturally  cor- 
rect. The  scenes  are  wonderful.  The  Real 
Roosevelt,  Satan  on  Earth  and  The  Pit  and  the 
Pendulum  were  two-reel  subjects  that  fitted  in 
well  with  a  cliurch  service.  The  Good  Samari- 
tan proved  a  fine  picturization  of  the  parable 
linked  with  a  riK>dern  application.  Through  the 
State  University,  at  Pullman,  Wa.shington,  I 
was  enabled  to  use  How  Life  Jieyins,  an  educa- 
tional pre.sentation  of  the  great  mystery  of 
life.  It  is  a  wonderfully  produced  picture  and 
ought  to  l)e  seen  l)y  parents  with  tlieir  children 
everywhere.  The  church  that  uses  this  will 
do  its  coiimiunity  a  great  service.  I  was  in- 
strumental in  securing  for  this  section  the 
missionary  photoplay.  Problems  of  Pin-Ilole 
Parish.     It   has   a  good   message. 

Tiiixos    TO    Avoid 
There  seem  to  be  many  new  moving  jiicture 
enterprises   that  think   the  churches  legitimate 
prey    for    their    schemes   of   "building    up    the 


church.''  Some  of  these  may  prove  all  right, 
others  need  to  be  looked  on  with  suspicion. 
As  a  pastor  who  has  been  experimenting  with 
this  picture  game  for  a  long  time,  I  want  to 
emphasize  how  needful  it  is  to  guard  against 
impositions.  In  selecting  pictures  for  the 
edification  or  amusement  of  our  people  the 
greatest  care  must  be  exercised,  or  the  pictures 
we  show  will  prove  only  harmful  instead  of 
helpful.  I  have  had  a  few  "off-color"  titles  sent 
to  me  in  reliance,  on  the  agent's  promise  that 
it  was  O.  K.  for  my  church.  The  agent  in  the 
offices  of  our  moving  picture  exchanges  are  not 
good  judges,  at  present,  as  to  what  is  suitable 
for  a  cliurch.  I  have  let  every  exchange  that 
I  have  had  any  dealings  with  know  at  once,  and 
in  language  that  they  can  understand,  that  I 
can't  use  pictures  that  may  have  suggestive 
scenes;  in  other  words,  "leg  shows,  nightgown 
or  pajama  scenes,"  or  a  comic  after  the  style 
of  the  Harry  Lloyd,  "knock  'em  down,  drag 
'era  out"  exhibitions.  The  studios  have  repeat- 
edly sent  me  pictures  which  they  describe  as 
the  "non-theatrical"  series,  which  means  that 
these  pictures  have  gone  the  rounds  of  the 
theatres,  are  reasonably  familiar  to  theater 
audiences,  and  so  are  released  to  schools  and 
churches. 

Such  pictures  cannot  be  recommended.  I 
have  named  one  or  two  that  are  good,  but  the 
others  are  not  safe.  There  are  too  many  bed- 
room scenes.  I  have  found  that  it  pays  to  run 
over  the  picture  in  advance  if  at  all  uncertain 
about  the  morality  of  the  subject-matter,  and 
then  cut  objectionable  scenes.  Dr.  Harrison 
of  Sacramento,  referred  to  at  the  beginning  of 
this  article,  sees  every  picture  before  he  shows 
it  in  his  church,  and  if  there  are  objectionable 
scenes  has  his  operator  cover  the  lens  until  the 
scene  has  passed  off  the  screen. 

Summary  of  Results 
In   summing   up   the   results   for   my  church 
in    using   moving   pictures,    I    submit    the    fol- 
lowing: 

(1)  It  enables  me  to  make  tlie  church  a  center  for 
wholesome    recreation. 

(2)  It  creates  in  iny  comnmnity  a  favorable  im- 
pression toward  the  preacher  from  those  who 
are  ordinarily  hostile  or  quite  indifferent  to  the 
church. 

<3)  It  gives  me  an  opportunity  to  get  a  hold  on  the 
young  people,  for  the  boy  and  girl  today  is 
picture  crazy.  Hence  the  pastor  enters  boldly 
into  one  of  their  chief  joys.  They  accept  him 
unquestionably  as  friend. 

(4)  In  my  Sunday  services  I  have  found  the  moving 
picture  a  powerful  medium  for  the  presentation 
of  gospel  truths,  and  it  draws  the  people  I  most 
want  to  reach.  I  have  a  point  of  contact  with 
then  that  otherwi.se  I  would  not  have. 

And  to  these  I  add  a  fifth,  for  I  have  found 
a  few  good  souls  whom  I  have  alienated  from 
niy  church  by  using  .such  a  "worldly"  inst'J']^- 
nicntality.  There  are  many  Christian  people  1h 
every  community  who  don't  like  to  see  pictures 
in  the  church.  But  on  the  whole  I  have  found  ' 
them  courteous  to  the  pastor's  desire  to  make 
the  church  count  for  the  most,  and  even  they 
are  being  slowly  convinced  that  motion  pic- 
tures can  be  used  for  the  building  up  of  the 
kingdom  of  God. 


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CHURCH  CINEMA  IN  OPERATION 

(Continued  from  page  10)  ' 

more  than  doubled.  Thus  it  was  not  crov 
hunger  that  impelled  us  to  introduce  the  c 
ema;  it  was  an. earnest  desire  to  become  b 
ter  fitted  for  the  service  of  God  in  our  co 
munity,  and  to  promote  Christian  intelligei 
to  this  end.  It  may  be  interesting  to  note  a 
that  the  church  thus  pioneering  has  a  crec 
able  missionary  record.  Last  year  over  fo 
dollars  per  family  went  to  missionary  objec 

Results 

Looking  back  over  the  year's  experience  w 
the  cinema  we  think  of  it  in  terms,  not 
money  or  crowds,  but  of  added  intelligence,  ^ 
ion,  world-outlook,  urbanity,  moral  and  sj 
itual  inspiration,  and  safeguards.  Our  p 
pie  have  begun  in  a  new  way  to  understa 
some  of  the  world's  best  literature,  to  live  ir 
larger  world,  in  fact  to  realize  world-citizi 
ship  in  quite  a  new  way,  as  they  have  stud 
other  people  on  the  screen.  Under  the  n 
influence  they  must  become  less  provincial, 
the  world  of  literature,  science,  and  travel 
being  brought  to  their  doors.  The  very  char 
itself  from  the  old  unbroken  routine  of  drei 
toil  on  the  farm  is  not  unimportant,  and,  1 
sides,  the  screen  is  an  excellent  antidote 
idle  gossip.  It  crowds  worth-while  topics  ii 
conversation,  and  the  young  people  arc 
longer  compelled  to  go  to  questionable  pla 
of  amusement.  The  church  surrounds  th 
with  a  healthy  and  interesting  moral  envir 
ment,  and  they  respond  with  increased  loya 
to  her.  The  parents  likewise  appreciate 
cinema.  One  farmer,  discussing  an  offer 
the  disposal  of  his  farm  and  the  removal 
his  family  to  another  community,  was  he! 
to  remark,  "It  means  something  to  be  m 
a  church  like  ours."  He  was  thinking  of 
little  boy's  welfare,  and  he  decided  to  stay 
the  old  farm.  And  when  the  little  lad  grc 
up  he,  too,  will  be  more  content  to  remain 
the  farm.  Thus  the  cinema  will  do  much 
solve  the  rural  problem 

But  to  make  it  most  effective  as  a  servi 
of  the  church  in  Canada  we  need  the  co-ope 
tion  of  an  intercliurch  committee  with  cxi 
ing  exchanges,  or  the  setting-up  of  Canad 
centers  of  distribution  for  the  many  cxcdl 
standard  films  on  Biblical,  religious,  missii 
ray,  and  ethical  now  available  in  the  I'ni 
States,  through  such  institutions  as  the  Int 
national  Qiurch  Film  Corporation.  Tlien 
shall  prove  in  the  language  of  the  Daily  I 
press  that  "the  film  is  mofe  than  aniusenif 
to  make  laughter  and  to  charm;  it  is  a 
school  and  pulpit." 


T 

I     T     L 

E    8    !    ! 

An 

important    element 

in    any    production. 

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ol.  VI 


AUGUST,  1921 


No.  2 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


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OITORIAL  3 

Our  Present  Attitude  on  the  Safety  Question 

UTTING  THE  "PROP"  INTO  PROPAGANDA  PICTURES...  4 

By  E.  G.  Routzahn  and  Helena  V.  Williams 

AYTON,  OHIO,  EDUCATORS  ON  EDISON'S  PLAN 6 

[SUAL  EDUCATION  AT  N.  E.  A.  MEETING 6 

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TATE  OF  N.  C.  MAKING  HISTORY  FILMS 7 

HARLES  URBAN'S  SILVER  JUBILEE 7 

Illustration   on  front  cover 

,  S.  AGRICULTURAL  DEPT.  MOVIE  WORK 8 

By  F.  W.  Perkins 

BINED  CHURCHES  GIVE  COMMUNITY  MOVIE  SHOWS  9 


REVIEWS    OF    FILMS 10 

Illustrated 

SUGGESTED   PROGRAMS  12 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

INDUSTRIAL   DEPARTMENT   13 

Edited  by  Leona  Block 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 15 

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Established  January,  1919 


COVEBima  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS: 

Agricultur»  Community  Geography  Health  and  Sanitation     Religion  Scenic 

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Welfare 

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Published  Monthly. 


DOLPH  EASTMAN,  Editor 


MABEL  G.  FOSTER.  Assistant  Editor 


Vol  VI 


AUGUST,  1921 


No.  2 


OUR  PRESENT  ATTITUDE  ON  THE  SAFETY  QUESTION 


FOR  several  months  we  have  been  in  correspondence 
with  a  manufacturer  of  motion  picture  projectors, 
whose  representative  seems  to  feel  that  we  owe  an 
apology  to  him  and  all  other  standard  width  inter- 
ests because  of  our  "Safety  First"  editorial  and  articles 
which  we  published  nearly  a  year  and  a  half  ago.  This 
correspondent  appears  to  he  still  under  the  false  impres 
sion  that  since  we  favored  safety  in  film  exhibitions 
we  were  necessarily  in  favor  of  the  narrow  width  or  so- 
called  "safety  standard,"  because  this  off-standard  was 
exploiting  slow-burning  stock  and  the  official  approval  of 
the  fire  underwriters  and  because  we  seemingly  favored 
|the  off-standard  interests  through  extending  them  consid- 
eration in  connection  with  the  articles  published  during 
the  controversy  of  the  standard  and  off -standard  interests, 
that  enabled  the  off -standard  interests  to  be  aware  of  and 
interfere  with  the  presentation  made  by  the  standard 
width  advocates  who  were  arguing  their  cause  from  the 
standpoint  of  safety,  i.e.,  the  standard  size  non-flam  film 
as  against  the  two  standards  being  introduced  into  the 
industry. 

If  this  manufacturer  and  others  identified  with  standard 
width  projectors  and  films  are  still  under  such  a  delusion 
— ^although  numerous  articles  and  advertisements  advocat- 
ing standard  film,  both  inflammable  and  slow-burning, 
have  appeared  in  our  pages  within  the  past  eighteen  months 
— then  we  certainly  owe  them  and  the  entire  industry  an 
apology  for  not  having  made  our  position  perfectly  clear 
at  the  time  and  since.  The  truth  of  the  matter,  of  course, 
is  that  we  favored  the  general  use  of  slow-burning  film, 
and  we  still  favor  it,  as  a  safety  precaution.  We  said  that 
the  hazard  lay  not  in  the  machines  but  outside,  in  the 
careless  handling  of  nitro-cellulose  stock  by  amateurs;  and 
this  hazard  has  not  lessened.  We  now  feel  that  it  will  be 
quite  safe  to  permit  legally  the  use  of  slow-burning  stand- 
ard width  film  in  portable  or  semi-portable  projectors, 
without  the  necessity  of  using  a  fireproof  booth  or  other 
enclosure.    Experience  and  the  test  of  time  have  proved 


that  there  is  little  or  no  risk  by  this  method;  and  safe- 
guards may  be  required  from  the  machine  owner  should 
he  desire  to  use  ordinary  celluloid  film  on  occasion. 

It  is  true  that  the  employment  of  inflammable  standard 
width  film  in  portable  and  semi-portable  projectors,  with- 
out enclosing  booths  and  with  amateur  operators,  in  the 
midst  of  large  crowds,  has  become  common.  After  all,  the 
real  solution,  the  ideal  solution  of  the  safety  problem  in 
film  exhibitions  is  to  make  all  film  safe,  and  this  happy 
condition  is,  we  understand,  being  brought  nearer  to 
realization.  A  safety  film  in  both  widths  has  been  on  the 
market  for  several  years,  and  although  it  is  not  as  efficient 
as  the  industry  would  like  to  have  it,  it  is  the  best  stock  of 
its  kind  available  in  quantity  at  a  reasonable  price  in  this 
country.  Now  we  are  promised  another  safety  stock  in 
standard  width,  which  is  said  to  be  an  improvement  and 
unbumable,  without  sacrificing  any  of  the  good  points  of 
the  existing  material.  It  is  reported  that  this  new  stock 
will  be  on  the  market  in  quantity  within  a  few  months. 

The  time  is  coming,  beyond  a  doubt,  when  the  handling 
and  running  of  a  film  will  be  not  relatively  but  absolutely 
safe.  The  motion  picture  is  too  valuable  and  powerful  a 
public  instrument,  especially  when  used  for  serious  pur- 
poses, to  warrant  the  least  risk  or  cause  the  slightest 
timidity  or  fear.  It  should  be  and  must  be  made  as  safe 
and  secure  as  the  reading  of  one's  daily  newspaper  or 
the  operation  of  one's  motor  car. 

If  we  erred  in  unintentionally  advocating  the  use  of 
off-standard  film  because  it  was  a  safety  proposition,  we 
apologize  for  seeming  to  have  favored  it  at  the  expense  of 
our  standard  width  friends.  We  admit  that  time  has  shown 
that  there  is  no  risk  \^^atsoever  in  permitting  boothless 
projectors  to  run  slow-burning  film  of  standard  width,  and 
the  imderwriters  should  approve  this  plan  imder  proper 
provisions.  We  also  admit  that  time  has  shown,  thus  far, 
in  the  use  of  inflammable  film  in  boothless  projectors 
(Continued  on  page  4) 


PUTTING  THE  "PROP"  INTO  PROPAGANDA  PICTURES 

The  Right  Kind  of  Films  to  Produce  for  a  Definite  Purpose  and 
the  Right  Way  to  Use  Them 


AND  now,"  asked  a  jocosely-inclined  visiting  school  super- 
visor of  a  class  of  eager  young  hopefuls,  "what  is  the 
greatest  American  indoor  sport?"  To  his  utter  amaze- 
ment, thirty  shrill  and  lusty  voices  shouted  the  correct 
answer.  "The  movies!"  they  cried.  Whereupon  the  visitor  de- 
cided that  if  he  was  to  have  his  little  joke  with  the  youngsters  in 
the  future  he  must  look  around  for  a  riddle  with  a  less  obvious 
solution. 


If  someone  had  asked  this  question  at  a  staid  and  solemn 
chamber  of  commerce  meeting,  the  reply  would  probably  have 
been  the  same,  and  if  it  had  been  put  to  a  group  of  factory 
workers  during  a  union  meeting  there  would  doubtless  have  been 
a  similar  response.  Probably,  had  someone  shouted  it  from  the 
platform  of  the  Coliseum  during  the  late  Republican  convention, 
the  answer  would  still  have  been  "The  movies." 

Unquestionably,  the  movies  are  not  only  our  favorite  recrea- 
tion but  the  national  panacea  for  boredom,  the  blues,  domestic 
and  financial  worries  and  all  the  other  ailments  with  which  our 
modern  civilization  is  afflicted.  Small  wonder,  then,  that  in 
realizing  the  fascination  that  the  shadow  world  has  for  the  plain 
man  and  his  wife,  educators,  reformers  and  business  men  long 
ago  resolved  to  present  their  arguments  and  sell  their  wares  via 
the  silver  sheet  route.  Public  welfare  organizations,  too,  were 
qizick  to  see  the  value  of  the  new  mediuin,  and  to-day  funda- 
mental facts  regarding  tuberculosis,  industrial  safety,  child  care, 
and  public  health  nursing  are  taught  by  means  of  motion  pic- 
tures. Health  weeks,  Christmas  seal  sales,  safety-first  campaigns 
atid  other  devices  created  to  bring  the  public  to  a  realization  of 
the  importance  of  individual  and  community  well-being  and  how 
to  attain  them  all  have  included  propaganda  films. 

'So  deep-rooted  has  become  the  faith  in  the  teaching  value  of 
the  motion  picture  that  at  times  it  almost  appears  to  verge  on 
superstition,  for  there  is  a  belief  among  many  people  that  th: 
quickest  and  surest  way  to  teach  a  difiScult  subject  is  to  exhibit 
a  film  dealing  with  it. 

This  attitude,  unfortunately,  often  results  in  a  careless  and 
haphazard  selection  of  pictures,  an  error  which  may  retard  rather 
than  aid  the  cause  for  which  they  are  intended.  A  commercial 
theater  manager  so  arranges  his  program  that  it  will  appeal  to 
his  own  particular  clientele.  He  knows  that  people  living  in  ri 
high-class  residential  section  are  less  interested  in  the  death- 
defying  serial  exploits  of  Elaine  than  a  well-staged,  well-acted 
drama  having  an  intelligent  plot.  On  the  other  hand,  if  he  is 
furnishing  entertainment  to  a  dime  pptience,  he  selects  the 
thrillers  that  appeal  to  the  uncultivated  mind.  The  discerning 
exhibitor  of  propaganda  films  can  use  the  same  discretion  in 
his  selection  of  subjects,  although  he  may  not  have  as  large  a 
Variety  of  material  to  choose  from  as  the  commercial  manager. 

The  Picture  with  the  Punch 

Let  us  take,  for  instance,  the  elemr-nt  of  quality  in  a  motion 
picture.  Some  of  the  available  film  material  dealing  with  health, 
community  welfare,  and  allied  subjects  is  excellent.  Its  mes 
sage  is  delivered  forcefully  and  entertainingly,  and  it  has  suffi- 
cient "punch"  to  remain  in  the  memory  of  the  spectator  for  a 
long  time  after  he  has  seen  it.  A  good  many  films,  however, 
have  been  produced  from  poorly-prepared  scenarios  by  people 


By  E.  G,  Routzahn  and  Helena  V.  Williams 

who  lacked  experience  in  the  handling  of  the  subjects.  If  we 
wish  to  teach  a  vital  lesson  to  a  group  of  uninformed,  lethargic 
and,  perhaps,  antagonistic  men  and  women,  we  must  do  more  than 
show  them  a  number  of  reels  of  mediocer  film.  To  be  sure,  it 
is  generally  possible  to  secure  an  optience.  There  is  still  a  pecu- 
liar fascination  in  watching  the  photograph  of  a  human  being 
walk,  talk,  and  express  emotion.  Added  to  this  is  the  desire 
"to  wait  and  see  what  will  happen  next,"  and  "to  get  something 
for  nothing."  These  human  weaknesses  furnish  a  sufficient 
amount  of  interest  to  hold  the  attention  of  the  average  spectator 
of  a  free  movie  for  a  while  at  least,  even  if  the  picture  is  a 
bad  one.  But  more  than  this  is  needed.  If  we  would  advance 
a  good  cause  through  the  use  of  motion  pictures  we  must  con- 
sider other  and  far  more  important  elements. 

Let  us  take,  for  example,  the  mental  capacity  and  education 
of  an  average  optience.  One  of  the  writers  of  this  article  re- 
cently reviewed  three  motion  pictures  on  the  care  of  the  teeth 
and  prevention  of  mouth  disease,  and  studied  advertising  litera- 
ture dealing  with  several  others.  All  of  the  pictures,  naturally 
enough,  were  highly  recommended  by  their  producers,  and  :» 
few  had  been  enthusiastically  endorsed  by  health  associations 
and  school  authorities.  Yet  none  of  them  was  exactly  suited  to 
popular  optiences.  One  film  was  decidedly  revolting  in  part,  an 
element  always  of  questionable  value  in  propaganda  work  unless  : 
skillfully  handled.  The  language  of  the  titles  of  another  was 
stilted  in  tone  and  beyond  the  grasp  of  the  average  grammar- 
school  graduate.  Still  another  was  a  purely  technical  picturn, 
suitable  and  interesting  only  for  dentists  and  students.  Yet  all 
three  had  been  shown  to  industrial  workers,  farmers,  and  even 
to  children  in  the  grade  schools. 


Simple  Themes  More  Effective 

Propaganda  pictures  which  are  to  be  shown  to  popular  opti- 
ences should  be  very  simple  in  theme.  Producers  of  commer- 
cial films  direct  their  pictures  to  an  optience  having  the  intelli- 
gence of  an  average  child  of  thirteen.  This  does  not  mean  that 
an  adult  is  incapable  of  grasping  anything  more  profound,  but 
it   indicates   the   mental    attitude   of   the   average   person    when 


OUR  PRESENT  ATTITUDE  ON  THE  SAFETY  QUESTION 

(Continued  from  page  3)  ^ 

5 

operated  by  unskilled  persons  nothing  more  serious  than; 
a  small  frame  burned  out  or  a  machine  case  burned,  withi 
some  attendant  smoke,  although  these  cases  are  infrequent!! 
and  have  happily  been  overcome  by  refinements  in  con«5 
struction  that  make  their  recurrence  virtually  impossible,] 
with  the  result  that  several  states  have  amended  and  are' 
amending  their  regulations  to  permit  the  use  of  portable' 
projectors  with  inflammable  film  without  booths  under 
stipulated  conditions.  But  what  we  hope  to  see,  and  whafc; 
we  believe  we  shall  see  before  long,  is  the  entire  matters 
of  projection  machines  and  films  made  absolutely  safe  itti 
the  hands  of  the  most  unskilled  and  careless  user  for  all 
time  to  come.  | 


viewing  a  motion  picture.  The  non-commercial  distributor  and 
exhibitor  may  apply  this  same  test  to  propaganda  films.  Before 
definitely  booking  a  picture,  it  would  be  well  for  him  to  ask 
himself  "Would  it  be  possible  for  a  child  of  thirteen  to  under- 
stand and  be  interested  in  the  lesson  this  film  contains?"  For 
the  average  optience  watching  an  educational  picture  is  generally 
composed  of  tired,  busy  people  whose  minds  are  in  a  state  of 
relaxation. 

This  test  cannot,  of  course,  be  applied  to  educational  pictures 
intended  for  use  in  schools  and  colleges  where  they  are  a  part 
of  the  course  of  study,  and  the  students  understand  that  their 
own  progress  depends  largely  on  their  undivided  attention  to  the 
subject.  But  it  must  be  remembered  that  pictures  produced  for 
use  by  students  and  school  children  may  be  entirely  unsuited  for 
presentation  before  an  average  optience.  Again,  pictures  that 
are  interesting  to  a  group  of  educated  adults  may  be  entirely 
unfitted  for  an  optience  of  illiterates  or  foreigners.  In  a  certain 
southern  county  a  tuberculosis  campaign  was  recently  conducted 
among  the  negroes.  To  "make  the  program  more  interesting," 
a  motion  picture  was  presented — not  a  film  on  health,  but  one 
that  dealt  with  the  raising  of  hogs.  The  film  was  a  technical 
one,  excellently  suited  for  the  students  of  an  agricultural  college, 
but  wholly  wasted  on  the  crowd  of  colored  people  who  had  been 
lured  into- the  hall  by  the  promise  of  a  free  movie.  The  printed 
titles  were  so  far  beyond  the  comprehension  of  the  audience  that 
they  might  just  as  well  have  been  written  in  Sanskrit.  In  the 
words  of  an  innocent  bystander  who  attended  the  meeting,  "the 
only  thing  they  understand  is  the  hogs."  So  that  it  would 
hardly  seem  probable  that  the  presentation  of  this  picture  in 
any  way  furthered  the  campaign  against  the  white  plague. 

Propaganda  films,  to  be  effective,  should  make  a  strong  appeal 
to  the  optience.  To  do  this  they  need  not  be  overstocked  with 
love  interest,  plot,  etc.,  to  the  detriment  of  the  educational 
matter.  The  world  of  movie  fans,  however,  is  accustomed  to 
the  best  products  of  the  commercial  producer,  in  which  cos- 
tumes, settings,  photography  and  drama  are  handled  by  high- 
grade  and  high-salaried  experts.  Consequently,  a  poorly-writ- 
ten scenario  incompetently  staged  and  directed  will  hardly  "get 
across"  to  an  optience  accustomed  to  such  standards.  For  the 
same  reason  very  old  pictures,  no  matter  how  good  the  plot, 
may  be  almost  useless,  although  in  isolated  districts,  where  movie 
show  are  still  a  rare  treat,  they  may  be  of  interest.  Staging  and 
the  art  of  photography  have  greatly  improved  within  the  last  six 
or  eight  years,  and  fetshions  in  clothing  have  so  changed  that  an 
out-of-date  picture  becomes  ridiculous  and  definite  harm  may 
result  from  its  presentation. 

How  TO  Use  Propaganda  Films 

One  frequently  hears  the  remark,  in  connection  with  motion- 
picture  propaganda,  that  "we  are  trying  to  get  films  into  the 
commereial  theaters."  There  is  no  doubt  that  under  certain 
circumstances  a  performance  in  a  commercial  theater  has  great 
value,  but  it  is  also  true  that  frequently  much  better  results  can 
be  achieved  by  showing  it  elsewhere.  The  fact  that  compara- 
tively few  managers  are  anxious  to  show  propaganda  filmj 
explains  in  itself  that  theater  optiences  do  not  care  to  see  them 
there.  People  generally  go  to  a  movie  to  be  entertained,  and 
about  all  the  education  to  which  they  will  submit  at  such  times 
is  a  travelog,  a  weekly,  or  a  few  hundred  feet  of  a  popular 
science  subject  tucked  into  a  "magazine."  Then,  too,  the  com- 
mercial exhibitor  spends  a  good  deal  of  thought  on  the  prepa- 
ration of  a  balanced  program.  The  dramatic  feature  of  the 
evening  usually  follows  the  weekly,  and  a  short  light  comedy 


follows  the  dramatic  feature.  The  numbers  are  so  arranged  that 
the  psychological  effect  of  one  will  be  offset  by  the  other  and 
the  audience  will  leave  the  house  in  a  happy,  contented  frame 
of  mind.  For  this  reason  the  effect  of  propaganda  pictures, 
whose  primary  purpose  is  to  make  people  think  and  act,  is 
practically  lost  as  soon  as  the  next  number  appears  on  the  screen. 
Exceptions  to  this,  of  course,  are  propaganda  pictures  making 
an  emotional  appeal,  such  as  those  shown  during  the  war.  In- 
terest in  these  was  assured  at  the  start,  for  the  entire  country 
talked,  thought  and  felt  the  war  at  the  time. 

Propaganda  films  may  be  used  successfully  in  commercial 
theaters  during  an  intensive  local  campaign.  For  example,  a  cer- 
tain tuberculosis  association  was  conducting  a  "health  week"  in  a 
town  of  approximately  100,000  population.  The  "health  week" 
had  been  preceded  by  a  competition  poster  campaign  in  the 
schools,  tuberculosis  sermons  in  the  churches,  and  much  news- 
paper publicity.  As  a  climax,  the  school  posters  were  exhibited 
in  the  lobby  of  the  largest  motion-picture  theater  in  town,  and 
the  prizes  were  awarded  to  the  artists  from  the  stage.  During 
this  preformance  a  good  tuberculosis  film  was  run  off  and 
enthusiastically  received  by  the  optience.  In  this  instance  the 
spectators  came  to  the  theater  deeply  interested  in  the  tubercu- 
losis problem  at  the  start  and  prepared  to  do  something  about  it. 

Another  excellent  way  to  utilize  the  commercial  manager's 
desire  to  cooperate  in  a  cause  is  to  secure  the  theater  for  special 
morning  or  afternoon  performances,  when  the  attention  of  the 
spectators  will  not  be  divided  between  the  lesson  and  the  vicissi- 
tudes of  an  adored  heroine. 

There  are  many  other  places  and  occasions  where  propa- 
ganda films  can  be  successfully  shown,  so  that  it  is  not  necessary 
to  rely  overmuch  on  the  good  will  and  interest  of  local  com- 
mercial managers.  In  schools,  churches,  lodges,  institutions  and 
the  meeting-rooms  of  philanthropic  and  welfare  organizations, 
motion  pictures  may  be  used  to  excellent  advantage  if  they  are 
presented  as  an  integral  part  of  the  program.  Otherwise,  the 
critisism  made  in  regard  to  their  use  in  commercial  theaters 
applies  also  to  this  field. 

The  special  meeting  or  exhibit  dealing  with  a  definite  subject 
with  motion  pictures  as  an  important  feature  is  another  legitimate 
place  for  propaganda  films.  And  the  healthmobile,  or  other 
traveling  truck  carrying  a  specific  message  into  the  rural  districts 
is  almost  always  certain  of  a  welcoming  and  interested  optience. 

The  function  of  motion  pictures  as  an  educational  medium 
is  almost  limitless.  But  if  the  greatest  possible  good  is  to  re- 
sult from  their  use,  educators  should  exercise  increasing  care 
and  discretion  in  the  selection  of  propaganda  pictures.  Such 
care  will  do  more  to  produce  quick  and  permanent  results  than 
a  haphazard  choice  of  available  material.  It  will  also  help  to 
improve  the  output  of  new  films.  Like  the  manufacturers  of 
any  article,  motion-picture  producers  must  sell  their  products 
if  they  would  prosper.  Useless  negatives  and  prints  that  re- 
main on  the  shelves  have  been  known  to  be  an  incentive  to  more 
serious  and  sincere  efforts. 

COLUMBIA'S  NEW  COURSE  ON  FILM  PRODUCTION 
T-JR.  ROWLAND  ROGERS,  chairman  of  the  Curriculum  Committee 
■*-'  of  the  New  Yorl{  Visual  Instruction  Association  and  a  member  of 
EnucATioifAL  Film  Maciazhte's  Committee  on  Pedagogical  Research  in 
Visual  Education,  will  direct  the  new  course  on  film  production  at 
Columbia  I^niversity  during  the  coming  season.  "Students  will  learn 
not  mere  theory  but  the  technic  and  methods  of  the  director,  the 
cameraman,  and  the  editor  in  producing  motion  pictures  for  entertain- 
ment, educational,  and  industrial  uses,"  he  said.  "They  will  actually 
produce  a  single  reel  jiicture  themselves." 
The  course  will  be  gi\en  on  Tuesday  evenings,  starting  in  September. 


DAYTON,  OHIO,  EDUCATORS  ON  EDISON'S  PLAN 

Textbook  Theory  Indispensable  as  a  Foundation,  Motion  Pictures 

Valuable  as  Supplementary  Aids,  Declare  These 

Authorities 

STUDENTS  could  not  be  taught  by  the  use  of  motion  pictures 
alone,"  said  Miss  C.  A.  Breene,  professor  of  English  in 
Steele  High  School,  Dayton,  Ohio,  speaking  of  a  recent 
statement  made  by  Thomas  A.  Edison  that  "students  in  the  schools 
could  be  trained  with  motion  pictures,  without  the  aid  of  text- 
books." 

"It  is  true  that  the  minds  of  students  may  be  impressed  by  the 
use  of  the  motion  picture,  but  without  the  foundation  of  the  text- 
book theory,  the  plan  is  useless.  In  the  first  place  the  students 
would  not  learn  the  alphabet  in  a  manner  to  remember  it,  and 
with  that  in  view,  it  can  be  seen  what  a  task  it  would  be  for  the 
teachers  and  students. 

"Every  school  in  Dayton  has  a  motion  picture  machine,  which 
is  used  in  showing  educational  pictures  in  connection  with  the 
textbook. 

"In  applying  motion  pictures  to  English  in  no  manner  could 
the  study  be  a  success  without  the  textbook.  For  it  would  be  im- 
possible to  enact  pictures  of  the  development  of  the  English 
language,  or  any  language,  in  a  manner  that  could  be  under- 
stood by  the  students. 

"The  greatest  value  will  come  when  we  use  textbooks  to  study 
the  theory  as  a  foundation,  and  then  use  the  motion  picture  to 
explain  and  show  the  working  out  of  that  theory.  Then  will 
we  get  the  highest  educational  system." 

Text  and  Film  Combined  Give  Greatest  Value 
Superintendent  Frank  W.   Miller,  speaking   of  the  statement 
made  by  Edison,  said:  "Both  methods  have  been  tried  by  pro- 
fessors and  they  find  that  motion  pictures  alone,  although  they 
make  an  impression  at  that  time,  are  not  lasting. 

"In  the  use  of  textbooks  there  is  a  foundation  on  which  the 
student  can  build  future  lessons,  and  in  this  manner  the  original 
lesson  is  remembered.  The  greatest  educational  value  is  derived 
when  both  textbooks  and  motion  pictures  are  used.  For  the 
student  not  only  learns  the  theory  through  textbooks,  but  also 
remembers  the  application  through  the  piclure." 

W.  L.  Mattis,  professor  of  history,  Steele  High  School,  said: 
"There  is  no  doubt  about  the  question  when  you  look  at  it  in 
this  manner.  How  could  the  students  get  the  connection  of  the 
battle  of  Waterloo  with  history  when  using  motion  pictures? 
Even  if  pictures  were  presented  daily,  it  is  doubtful  if  the 
students,  by  seeing  the  battle  and  not  learning  the  causes  and 
result^,  would  remember  a  single  point. 

"There  is  no  doubt  that  the  greatest  value  would  be  received 
by  the  use  of  the  textbook  and  the  motion  picture.  Where  would 
the  board  of  education  get  the  money  to  carry  on  this  work? 
Pictures  of  consecutive  events  would  have  to  be  presented  every 
day.  You  can  see  that  would  be  a  question  of  immense  expense 
to  the  board  of  education,  to  the  public  in  payment  of  taxes,  and 
with  very  doubtful  results." 


SCHOOLS  TO  TEACH  CIVICS  WITH  FILMS 
T^HE  schools  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  plan  to  supplement  the  lext- 
book  in  teaching  civics  with  a  series  of  motion  pictures 
showing  the  detailed  workings  of  the  municipal  government. 
How  the  city  is  policed  and  proteclcd  from  fire,  the  care  taken 
of  the  people's  health,  local  industries,  banking  institutions,  grain 
elevators,  and  other  activities  will  be  screened  for  the  pupils. 
This  is  one  of  the  few  large  cities  where  community  civics  and 
welfare  has  expressed  itself  in  this  practical  manner. 


VISUAL  EDUCATION  AT  N.  E.  A.  MEETING 

National    Academy    of    Visual    Instruction    Held    Annual    Meetin 
in   Des  Moines,  Iowa,  At  the  Same  Time  i 

DURING  the  annual  convention  of  the  National  Educatic 
Association,  held  this  year  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  duriri 
the  week  of  July  4  to  8,  there  was  a  meeting  of  the  visui! 
education  section  of  the  association  on  July  6  and  several  sessioi' 
of  the  National  Academy  of  Visual  Instruction  July  5,  6,  7. 

L.  N.  Hines,  of  Indianapolis,  State  Superintendent  of  Publ; 
Instruction  of  Indiana,  president  of  the  section,  opened  the  prt- 
gram  with  a  general  review  of  the  subject.  "Teaching  the  Con 
mon  Branches  through  Visual  Means"  was  discussed  by  J.  V 
Wilkinson,  superintendent  of  schools,  Logansport,  Ind.  Supei 
intendent  L.  W.  Mayberry,  of  Wichita,  Kans.,  spoke  on  "Soir 
Schoolroom  Results  of  Visual  Education."  "Instruments  of  Vi| 
ual  Education"  was  the  topic  of  Superintendent  W.  J.  Hamiltoij 
of  Oak  Park,  111.  Dr.  William  F.  Russell,  Dean  of  the  Collegj 
of  Education,  University  of  Iowa,  Iowa  City,  answered  tlij 
question  "What  Are  Educational  Films?"  A  demonstration  le>j 
son  in  geography,  with  a  class  using  stereographs  and  slides,  wfi 
a  feature  of  the  meeting. 

The  "high  spots"  of  the  N.  A.  V.  I.  meeting  were  interestin 
and  constructive  papers  and  addresses  by  Charles  Roach,  dire<; 
tor  of  the  visual  instruction  service  at  State  College,  Ames,  lows^ 
Dr.  G.  E.  Condra,  of  the  University  of  Nebraska,  Lincoln,  Nebj| 
Superintendent  J.  H.  Beveridge,  of  Omaha;  Rev.  E.  A.  Thom» 
son,  Quincy,  111.;  Assistant  Superintendent  C.  G.  Rathmann,  ^ 
Louis;  Director  E.  G.  Ingham,  University  of  Kansas,  Lawrenc 
Kans.;  "What  the  Academy  Is  Undertaking,"  discussed  by  mail 
members  of  the  organization;  "Visual  Instruction  Tests  an 
Measurements,"  by  Supervisor  J.  H.  Wilson,  Board  of  Educatio| 
Detroit,  and  discussion  by  Prof.  L.  J.  AUeman,  State  Nomuj 
School,  Natchitoches,  La. 

Demonstrations  of  projectors,  films  and  slides  took  place  o 
July  5  and  7.  The  following  films  were  screened  on  the  evenin 
of  the  5th  as  being  suitable  for  classroom  purposes:  Magnetisr, 
and  Electro-Magnets,  Metamorphosis  of  the  Moth,  Some  Lano 
marks  of  the  American  Revolution,  Cotton  Ginning,  The  Brook 
The  Principle  of  the  Gasoline  Engine.  The  following  films  wer. 
exhibited  as  suitable  for  community  gatherings:  Birds  of  Killing 
worth.  Little  Orphant  Annie,  Yosemite  National  Park. 

The  dinner  at  the  Hotel  Chamberlain  on  the  evening  of  the  6| 
was  well  attended.    At  the  final  session  on  the  7th  reports  froi^ 
state  and  city  vice  presidents  were  heard  and  there  was  a  busine 
meeting  during  which  ofiScers  for  the  ensuing  year  were  elected 

THE  WHOLE  TOWN  HELPED  THIS  SHOW 

PROF.  BURTON  L.  ROCKWOOD,  lecturer  and  educational  Mm 
thusiast,   recently  wrote  this  characteristic  letter   to   the   editor 
this  magazine:  j 

"Just  back  from  a  successful  trip  and  a  little  incident  at  Asburj 
Warren  County,  N.  J.,  last  Sunday  proves  the  axiom  that  a  man  anxion 
to  spread  the  benefits  of  visual  education  can  surmount  untold  difficu| 
ties.  The  M.  E.  church  there  has  a  Delco  32-volt  plant  and  my  GraphC 
scope  Portmanto  projector  has  standard  110-voltage.  Two  stores,  tW 
houses,  a  mill  and  two  street  lamps  are  lighted  by  a  small  llO-voj 
dynamo  (40-25  watt  lamp  capacity)  in  the  mill.  We  shut  off  Ali 
lights  in  tlie  town,  took  current  from  the  nearest  pole  in  the  street  t 
the  church— a  distance  of  60  feet — and  gave  the  sliow.  I  spoke  0{ 
"Don't  Dump  Your  Rubbish  Here"  and  showed  three  films,  The  Ooa 
Snmaritan,  Springtime  in  Japan  (handcolored  Mentor  picture). 
The  Slaughter  of  the  Amelikites  (Samuel:  I,  28)." 

1"      »■  *| 

TO  FIGHT  RADICALISM  WITH  MOVIES  j 

DH.  JOHN  J.  TIGERT,  the  new  United  States  Commissioner  « 
Education,  told  representatives  of  Kentucky  newspapers  recentlj 
that  he  intended  using  motion  pictures  and  lantern  slides  to  war  on  aj 
forms  of  radicalism  in  this  country.  The  Dr.  Hillis  "Better  Americll| 
slide  lectures  will  be  employed  as  well  as  films. 


5*Mth  Public  Lrbrafy 


FILM  AND  SLIDE  LESSONS  IN  CHICAGO  SCHOOL 

idnpressive    Demonstration    Before    300    Enthusiastic    Pupils    and 
Teachers  with  Combination  Type  of  Projector 

AT  a  program  of  educational  films  and  slides  given  for  500 
pupils  and  teachers  of  the  Sullivan  School,  Chicago,  from 
I  the  fifth  to  the  eighth  grade,  spirited  enthusiasm  was  mani- 

I'ested.  The  showing  was  conducted  by  the  Society  for  Visual 
Education  as  a  demonstration  of  the  correlation  possible  between 
jducational  films  and  slides,  used  in  conjunction  with  textbook 
lessons.  A  combination  type  of  projector  was  used,  and  slides 
Here  introduced  between  reels  as  well  as  in  the  course  of  the 
ilms. 

When  the  first  slide,  George  Washington,  appeared  following 
in  American  history  reel,  the  spectators  broke  into  applause. 
\sked  why  he  applauded,  one  boy  answered: 

"Because  it's  patriotic."  Another  said:  "Because  the  slide  came 
>n  like  lightnin',  right  after  the  movie.  They  didn't  even  stop 
;o  turn  on  the  lights." 

Following  came  a  film  on  the  geography  and  geology  of  the 
Miagara  Falls  region,  which  included  views  taken  from  an  air- 
plane. On  the  screen  flashed  a  glorious  moving  panorama,  pho- 
tographed with  the  plane  flying  close  to  earth.  Falls,  Rapids, 
Sorge  and  Whirlpool  spread  out  like  a  schoolroom  sand-table 
nodel,  magnified  to  gigantic  scale  and  endowed  with  life,  color, 
ind  motion.  "Gee!  That's  the  first  place  I'm  going  to  see  when 
T  get  to  be  a  man!"  one  eager-faced  lad  exclaimed. 

Miss  Harriet  S.  Furney,  assistant  principal,  asked  all  who  had 
wer  seen  the  Falls  to  raise  their  hands.  Only  one  child  re- 
Isponded. 

[  A  brief  talk  was  given  on  irrigation,  followed  by  a  film  pic- 
turing actual  processes  of  irrigating:  great  dams,  reservoirs,  and 
tunnels  which  carry  on  the  work,  and  some  of  the  surprising 
;rops  raised  in  sage-brush  country. 

How  Movies  Supplement  Still  Studies 

In  a  talk  which  directly  followed  this  film.  Miss  Elva  H.  Mat- 
lack,  a  teacher  in  the  Sullivan  School,  related  a  classroom  incident 
3f  a  few  days  previous.  This  same  subject  was  being  studied 
from  textbook  and  slides.  One  slide,  picturing  dam  and  ditches, 
bappened  to  show  an  immense  clump  of  cactus  in  the  foreground. 
When  pupils  were  called  upon  to  tell  what  they  saw  to  interest 
them  in  this  picture,  the  first  child  to  volunteer  began  his  answer 
with  a  description  of  the  cactus. 

"I  had  to  impress  upon  him,"  said  Miss  Matlack,  "that  cactus 
grows  in  arid  soil  and  that  we  were  looking  for  facts  about  irri- 
gation. Had  a  motion  picture  been  shown  in  connection  with 
the  slide,  the  boy's  attention  would  have  been  caught  by  the  water 
nmning  in  the  ditches.  That  point  would  have  burnt  itself  into 
his  mind  as  the  essential  fact." 

Another  instructor,  Miss  Hazel  Harrison,  related  a  similar  in- 
stance, where  it  was  impossible  to  tell  from  the  slide  whether  a 
certain  curved  band  was  roadway  or  ditch.  "I  was  as  much  at  sea 
as  my  pupils,"  she  said,  "whereas  if  we  had  seen  the  same  pic- 
ture on  the  screen,  the  water  in  motion  would  have  decided  the 
question  in  a  flash." 

w  w 

Motion  picture  films  played  an  important  part  in  the  Pageant  of 
Progress  Exposition,  July  30  to  August  14,  on  the  municipal  pier, 
Chicago.  Between  300  and  400  films  were  shown,  some  displaying  manu- 
facturing processes  which  cannot  be  reproduced  in  an  exhibit,  and  others 
educational  subjects.  The  United  States  Bureau  of  Mines  showed  nearly 
100,000  feet  of  film.  These  reels  included  a  complete  history  of  the 
mining  and  metallurgical  industries — the  story  of  asbestos,  sulphur, 
abrasives,  rock  drilling  1,700  feet  under  the  ground,  oil,  coal  and  many 
other  subject*. 


STATE  OF  N.  C.  MAKING  HISTORY  FILMS 

Complete  Motion  Picture  and  Still  Picture  Records  to  Be  Avail- 
able for  Schools  and  Preserved  in  State  Archives 

NORTH  CAROLINA  is  going  into  the  motion  picture  busi- 
ness properly  to  get  Tar  Heel  history  before  Tar  Heel 
children. 

Initial  steps  in  the  project  were  taken  at  a  conference  between 
Dr.  E.  C.  Brooks,  state  supwintendent,  W.  C.  Crosby,  director  of 
school  extension  and  in  charge  of  the  state's  educational  movies, 
and  Captain  A.  C.  Clements,  Goldsboro  photographer. 

As  outlined,  the  plan  is  to  produce  pictures  showing  the  landing 
of  Amidas  and  Barlowe  on  Roanoke  Island  and  the  first  colony, 
including  Virginia  Dare.  The  picture  will  then  develop  as  the 
history  of  the  state  has  developed  to  the  Edenton  Tea  Party,  Bath 
and  Blackboard,  Newbern  and  the  death  of  John  Lawson,  the 
lower  Cape  Fear  and  Stamp  act  and  many  other  scenes  of  his- 
torical interest  from  the  colonial  period  to  the  present  time.  The 
pictorial  history  will  include  not  only  the  political  but  the 
economic  and  educational  history  of  North  Carolina  arranged  in 
such  a  manner  as  to  give  the  children  an  intelligent  idea  of  the 
state's  progress  from  its  birth  up  to  the  present  time. 

Slide  sets  and  several  thousand  feet  of  film  will  be  prepared 
and  made  available  for  school  use  on  the  first  undertaking.  As 
the  pictures  are  made,  it  is  also  the  purpose  to  have  still  photo- 
graphs made  similar  to  the  Perry  or  Copley  pictures  and  placed 
around  the  walls  of  school  rooms. 

The  photographer  engaged  by  the  state  for  this  work  has  al- 
ready spent  much  time  at  Roanoke  Island  and  other  historical 
places  and  has  prepared  the  first  of  the  series  showing  the  ap- 
proach of  Amidas  and  Barlowe  expedition  and  the  surprised 
Indians  on  Roanoke  Island  stealthily  watching  the  strange  pro- 
cession.    These  are  now  on  exhibition. 

The  last  general  assembly  made  the  new  undertaking  possible 
for  the  development  of  this  pictorial  history  and  the  arrange- 
ment with  Captain  Clements  is  such  that  the  initial  work  will  cost 
a  comparatively  small  amount.  The  popularity  of  the  venture 
will  determine  to  some  extent  the  degree  of  extension. 

The  development  of  the  drama  as  shown  recently  by  the 
Carolina  Players  has  opened  up  wonderful  opportunities  for 
the  movies  in  portraying  Tar  Heel  history  and  it  is  the  opinion 
of  Mr.  Crosby  that  private  enterprise  will  capitalize  the  idea  and 
around  some  native  life  weave  a  story  into  which  can  be  written 
much  of  the  state's  history. 


CHARLES  URBAN'S  SILVER  JUBILEE 

'T'HAT  pioneer  of  the  non-theatrical  motion  picture  industry,  Charles 
•■•  Urban,  in  July,  1921,  celebrated  his  twenty-fifth  year  in  the  field. 
His  personal  connection  with  the  development  of  educational  films  has 
been  told  in  this  magazine  on  several  occasions,  and  there  is  no  need 
to  repeat  it  in  detail  now.  It  will  suffice  to  say,  as  this  publication  has 
said  before,  that  during  this  quarter  of  a  century  no  man  has  done 
more  for  the  rapid  growth  and  future  commercial  success  of  the  non- 
theatrical  film  than  Mr.  Urban.  For  many  years  in  England  and  since 
1917,  in  America,  Mr.  Urban  has  confined  his  activities  to  the  educa- 
tional field,  introducing  famous  Kinemacolor  and  accumulating  a  library 
of  informational  and  instructional  negative  which  is  now  said  to  total 
two  million  feet.  It  is  the  most  extensive  and  valuable  collection  of 
filmiana  of  its  liind  in  existence. 

Mr.  Urban  is  at  present  working  on  plans  of  supreme  importance  to 
the  non-theatrical  motion  picture  industry.  Urban  Institute,  which  is 
to  occupy  the  classic  structure  at  Irvington-on-the-Hudson,  N.  Y., 
formerly  used  by  the  Cosmopolitan  Magazine,  is  to  house  several  of  his 
new  enterprises  among  which  are  Kinekrom,  an  improved  color  process, 
and  the  Spirograph,  the  little  eleven  pound  projector  which  uses  a  non- 
inflammable  film  disc  with  tiny  pictures  arranged  in  spiral  form. 

Charles  Urban's  work  has  been  so  important  to  the  educational  fihn 
field  and  promises  such  value  to  the  future  of  visual  education  that 
all  workers,  regardless  of  personal  or  professional  connections  in  the 
industry,  may  well  extend  to  this  pioneer  congratulations  and  cordial 
cooperation  in  his  further  efforts  at  development  of  a  commercial  market 
in  this  branch. 


U.  S.  AGRICULTURAL  DEP'T.  MOVIE  WORK 

Resume  of   Its  Many   Film   Activities — More  Than   130   Subjects 

and  600  Prints  in  Active  Circulation 

By  F.  W.  Perkins 

In  charge  Motion  Picture  Work  of  tlie  Department,  Washington,  D.  C, 

THE  motion  picture  is  a  comparatively  new  adjunct  in  agri- 
cultural education,  but  its  value  for  that  purpose  is  becoming 
increasingly  evident — a  fact  that  is  proved  by  expressions 
that  are  coming  to  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture 
from  the  people  who  are  using  its  films  in  promoting  better  agri- 
culture and  kindred  activities. 

The  possibilities  of  the  educational  movie  are  just  beginning 
to  be  realized.  Until  recently  nearly  everybody  had  the  opinion 
diat  a  motion  picture  could  be  used  only  for  the  purpose  of 
entertainment.  It  was  thought  almost  unanimously  that  the  high- 
est use  of  the  motion  picture  screen  was  to  portray  the  adventures 
of  a  vampire  or  to  expose  the  villany  of  a  bewhiskered  bad  man. 
But  now  the  beginning  of  the  educational  motion  picture  has  been 
made  and  there  are  many  students  of  the  subject  who  believe  that 
in  power  and  influence — to  say  nothing  of  benefits — the  educa- 
tional type  of  picture  will  far  outlive  the  theatrical  type.  Motion 
picture  projectors  have  been  installed  in  so  many  churches  and 
schools  and  other  institutions  of  that  nature  that  it  is  not  hard  to 
believe  ten  years  from  now  every  school  and  church  will  be  so 
equipped.  It  may  not  be  an  exaggeration  to  predict  that  in  the 
next  decade  small  projectors  will  be  as  common  in  the  homes  of 
this  country  as  phonographs  now  are. 

Human  Interest  Story  Conveys  Educational  Message 
The  Department  of  Agriculture  is  making  motion  pictures  and 
is  using  tihem  for  the  purposes  of  making  common  property  of 
knowledge  developed  by  the  investigations  of  the  scientific  staff 
of  the  departanent,  and  in  acquainting  the  general  public  with 
the  methods  and  significance  of  important  lines  of  work  being 
carried  on  by  the  department.  All  of  our  films  deal  directly  with 
department  work,  and  most  of  them  are  concerned  with  some 
important  campaign  being  carried  on  for  the  benefit  of  American 
agriculture.  Most  of  our  pictures  are  of  the  straight  educational 
type;  that  is,  there  has  been  no  attempt  to  weave  a  romance  or  a 
story  aroimd  the  subject  matter.  Recently,  however,  we  have 
been  trying  to  place  these  facts  in  relief  and  to  make  them  more 
striking  by  the  use  of  human  interest  stories  that  could  be  por- 
trayed by  amateur  actors.  We  believe  we  have  obtained  good 
results  in  some  of  these  efforts — despite  the  difificulties  that  arise 
froim  the  use  of  amateur  actors — and  we  intend  to  do  more  of 
this  sort  of  work  in  the  future. 

In  the  distribution  and  use  of  these  films  the  department  has 
several  obstacles  to  meet.  At  present  we  are  distributing  pictures 
from  Washington  to  every  state  in  the  Union,  and  this  means 
that  we  are  trying  to  cover  too  much  territory  from  a  central 
point.  Because  of  the  nature  of  film  distribution  it  will  be  neces- 
sary, for  the  sake  of  efficiency,  to  establish  a  number  of  distribu- 
tion points  at  various  points  in  the  country.  We  have  in  mind 
and  we  are  recommending  the  establishment  of  distribution  points 
at  each  state  agricultural  college  or  experiment  station. 

Portable  Generators  and  Storage  Batteries  Used 
In  the  use  of  pictures  there  must  be  electric  current  to  operate 
a  motion  picture  projector,  and  in  most  rural  communities  no 
current  is  available.    Our  extension  and  field  workers  are  meeting 


this  difficulty  by  the  use  of  portable  generator  units  that  can 
carried  in  an  automobile  or  can  be  attached  to  the  engine  of 
automobile.  Some  of  them  are  getting  good  results  from  t 
use  of  storage  batteries  which  furnish  sufficient  current  for  t 
operation  of  a  small  portable  projector  about  the  size  of  a  su 
case.  They  are  taking  movies  into  remote  rural  communit 
where  motion  pictures  have  never  been  seen.  The  use  of  moti 
pictures  in  such  virgin  territory,  of  course,  is  tremendous 
more  effective  than  in  places  where  they  are  not  novelties. 

The  Department  of  Agriculture  has  produced  and  is  distrib 
ing  motion  pictures  on  more  than  130  subjects  and  has  mc' 
than  600  prints  in  active  circulation.  These  subjects  range  .' 
the  way  from  microscopic  studies  of  the  minute  organisms  tl 
cause  plant  diseases  to  the  wonderful  scenery  to  be  found  in  ti 
national  forests.  Many  of  our  pictures  are  of  interest  to  c: 
people  as  well  as  to  dwellers  in  rural  communities.  This  is 
because  the  work  of  the  department  in  general  is  of  daily  impo 
ance  to  every  man,  woman,  and  child  in  the  country.  The  depa 
ment  deals  not  alone  with  rural  problems  but  with  many  matti 
of  importance  to  the  general  public,  and  especially  the  c; 
people.  For  instance,  it  administers  the  food  and  drugs  law; 
forecasts  the  weather;  it  builds  good  roads;  it  protects  a' 
governs  the  national  forests;  it  protects  game  and  birds  frc 
despoilation;  it  protects  your  table  from  diseased  meats  throu 
the  administration  of  the  federal  imeat  inspection  law.  It  p( 
forms  hundreds  of  other  tasks  that  are  of  direct  benefit,  as  w 
as  general  benefit,  to  the  people  of  uihan  communities. 

Department  circular  114  describes  in  considerable  detail  t 
motion  picture  work  of  the  department,  tells  how  the  films  m 
be  used,  and  how  copies  may  be  purchased  at  the  rate  of  $40  f 
the  standard  reel  of  1000  feet,  which  is  about  the  actual  net  co. 

These  films  are  being  distributed  to  scliools,  colleges,  churches  and  other  n 
theatrical    institutions    by    the    National    Non-Tlieatrical    Motion    Pictures,    Ii 
282    West    88th    St.,    New   York,    and   their    branch    exchanges. 

NEWS  OF  THE  "NATIONAL" 

■M-ATIONAL  NON-THEATRICAL  MOTION  PICTURES,  Inc.,  t 
■'■ '  nounces  that  it  has  exclusive  <nstribution  rights  in  the  Unit 
States  and  Canada  for  all  films  made  by  E.  R.  Sanborn  and  Edward 
Osterndorff  of  beasts,  birds,  and  reptiles  at  the  Bronx  Park  Zoo,  N| 
York  City.  The  former  is  the  official  staff  photographer  of  the  N, 
York  Zoological  Society.  A  number  of  film  specimens  are  repori 
ready  for  distribution. 

The  company  has  secured  a  contract  for  the  sale  and  rental  exclusiv 
in  the  non-theatrical  field  of  all  motion  picture  projectors  made  by 
Cosmograph  Motion  Picture  Machine  Company,  of  Morehead,  Ky.  .' 
is  also  handling  the  Powers  professional  model  and  the  miniature  eanuli 
and  projector  known  as  the  Actograph. 

The  "National"  has  the  distribution  of  the  Novagraph  slow-mot 
pictures. 

The  Austin  Motion  Picture  Corporation,  of  Austin,  Tex.,  which 
cently  purchased  the  private  fllm  collection  of  Col.  W.  N.  Sellg  al 
films  owned  or  controlled  by  T.  K.  Peters,  has  a*anged  for  distribut 
of  its  material  through  the  New  York  organization.  Many  films  said 
be  suitable  for  classroom  use  are  included  in  the  library. 

Harry  Levey,  president  of  the  "National,"  attended  the  recent  meet! 
of  the  N.  E.  A.  and  N.  A.  V.  I.,  and  screened  some  pictures  for  ' 
edification  of  the  educators. 

Branch  exchanges  are  rapidly  being  opened  in  some  important  cent; 
of  the  country. 

WW 

The  Coming  Glass  Works,  Corning,  N.  Y.,  has  had  three  plctui; 
made  of  one  reel  each.  One  reel  shows  the  manufacturing  of  glf 
bulbs  for  electric  lights.  A  reel  depicts  the  making  of  Pirex  dish 
which  are  used  for  cooking  or  In  laboratory  work,  where  glass  receptac-' 
are  exposed  to  great  heat  The  third  reel  portrays  the  various  stages! 
the  manufacture  of  art  glass,  similar  to  the  imported  Venetian  gU 
The  pictures  were  produced  by  Eugene  Roder,  New  York. 


/ 


m 


t 


RELIGIOUS 


COMBINED  CHURCHES  GIVE  COMMUNITY  MOVIE  SHOWS 

Methodist  and  Presbyterian  Members  Get  Together  in  Village  of 
1300  and  Organize  Community  Service  Association 

By  William  J.  Vaughan 


HE  movie  is  here  to  stay.  But  its  stay  must  be  made  a 
happy  and  beneficial  one.  The  Church  must  redeem  and 
use  it.  Hundreds  of  churches  are  using  motion  pictures 
with  splendid  success.  Other  forward-looking  churches 
rould  like  to  use  them,  but  difficulties  apparently  insurmount- 
jble  stand  in  the  way.  In  a  small  overchurched  village  one  of 
liese  difficulties  is  the  lack  of  cooperation.  The  method  of 
wiving  that  difficulty  in  New  Providence,  N.  J.,  may  be  of  value 
:o  other  communities  where  the  cooperation  of  different  denomi- 
aations  is  necessary  to  success. 

New  Providence  is  a  suburban  village  of  1,300  people.  It 
iias  four  churches,  Roman  Catholic,  Episcopalian,  Methodist, 
and  Presbyterian.  Neither  the  Catholic  Church,  which  was  in 
die  process  of  development,  and  consequently  had  little  interest 
b  community  welfare,  nor  the  Episcopal  Church  which  was 
small  and  not  centrally  located,  was  in  a  position  to  assume 
ptny  leadership  for  community  uplift.  That  responsibility  was 
plainly  one  for  the  Methodist  and  Presbyterian  churches  to 
assume.  Yet  neither  of  these  could  carry  any  extensive  com- 
munity program  without  the  aid  of  the  other.  Both  churches 
were  losing  their  grip  on  the  moral  life  of  the  community.  Some- 
thing had  to  be  done.  The  emergency  brought  forth  the  Com- 
munity Service  Association  which  is  now  functioning  as  the 
name  suggests. 

How  They  Got  Together 
Fortunately  there  was  unanimity  of  opinion  on  the  part  of 
the  p£istors  of  these  two  churches.  Both  were  liberal-minded. 
Each  thought  in  terms  of  the  Kingdom  more  than  in  terms  of 
his  own  denomination.  Each  was  willing  to  go  more  than 
half  way  with  the  other  in  any  worthy  Christian  project.  Neither 
pastor  was  given  to  making  fine  distinctions  between  the  secular 
and  the  sacred.  Consequently  they  could  agree  that  whatever 
was  not  positively  immoral  might  be  subsidized  for  Kingdom 
building  purposes.  Perhaps  this  J.  an  ideal  condition  in  spiri- 
itual  leadership.  Yet  it  is  a  possibility  in  every  community 
[where  spiritual  leaders  will  endeavor  to  understand  each  other 
land  waive  personal  and  dogmatic  opinion  for  the  higher  in- 
'terests  of  the  Kingdom. 

f  The  first  direct  move  for  cooperative  community  service 
through  the  use  of  motion  pictures  was  in  the  Official  Board  of 
the  Methodist  Church. 

A  committee  was  appointed  to  confer  with  a  similar  com- 
mittee from  the  Presbyterian  Church.  At  a  subsequent  meeting 
of  this  joint  committee  and  at  later  meetings  of  the  two  official 
bodies  of  these  churches  in  united  session  jm  organization  for 
community  service  was  effected,  and  a  constitution  was  adopted. 
This  organization  is  made  up  of  the  two  pastors  and  of  Sunday 
school  superintendents  ex-officiis  and  three  other  members  from 
each  church.  TTie  latter  are  elected  by  the  official  body  of  these 
churches. 

The  association  has  been  in  operation  now  more  than  a  year. 
During  this  time  it  has  been  able  to  finance  the  very  best  motion 


New  Providence,   N.  J. 

picture  equipment,  and  since  last  April  it  has  bee.n  giving  on 
each  Friday  evening  a  high-grade  program  consisting  of  educa- 
tional films  and  the  better  photoplays.  Interspersed  with  the 
pictures  are  orchestra  music  furnished  by  local  talent  and  com- 
munity singing.  In  addition  to  the  motion  picture  entertain- 
ment this  association  is  making  provision  for  lectures  on  va- 
rious subjects,  and  is  promoting  local  dramatic  expression. 


Why  THE  Effort  Is  Worth  While 

Does  such  a  cooperative  effort  pay?  Does  it  benefit  the 
churches  involved?  Have  spiritual  results  come  from  the  enter- 
prise? I  answer  by  saying  that  the  motive  has  not  been  that 
suggested  by  these  last  two  questions.  The  purpose  of  this 
organization  is  to  meet  a  need  of  human  life,  which  in  this 
case  is  a  recreation  and  means  of  expression.  The  churches  are 
not  out  to  be  served,  but  to  serve.  I  fear  that  the  reverse  is 
the  order  in  many  communities.  The  church  or  churches  that 
do  community  service  only  for  the  benefit  that  will  come  from 
it  are  certainly  destined  to  a  more  or  less  degree  of  failure. 

Spiritual  results,  however,  have  come.  The  united  effort  to 
do  community  ■  service  incidentally  crystalized  into  a  cooperative 
revival  effort  in  which  there  were  about  40  accessions  to  these  two 
churches.  The  publicity  committee  of  the  association  did  a 
splendid  piece  of  advertising  for  the  revival.  The  financial 
committee  took  care  of  the  finances  of  the  revival,  and  the  pro- 
gram committee  took  care  of  the  music. 

Neither  church  profits  directly  in  a  financial  way  from  the 
motion  picture  door  receipts.  The  pictures  are  furnished  at 
cost.  But  the  finances  of  both  churches  are  in  better  shape  than 
ever  before. 

It  is  the  belief  of  the  writer  that  only  on  the  basis  of  unselfish 
service  to  the  whole  community  can  the  church  of  the  small 
village   save   herself. 

COMENIUS  WOULD  HAVE  WELCOMED  MOVIES 

IV  7" HAT  would  Johann  Amos  Comenius,  whose  birthday  Ameri- 
can school  children  are  celebrating  to-day,  have  thought 
about  using  moving  pictures  in  the  school  room  to  supplement 
the  textbooks?  asked  Prof  W.  F.  Russell,  of  the  University  of 
Iowa,  in  an  address  delivered  before  the  Society  for  Visual  Ed- 
ucation. 

The  Moravian  educator  who  is  honored  as  the  founder  of  our 
present  school  system  and  the  "father  of  picture-books,"  would 
have  accepted  visual  education  with  open  arms,  heart,  and  mind, 
declared  Dr.  Russell.  Comenius  was  constantly  preaching  the 
doctrine  of  teaching  through  the  eye.  He  believed  heart  and 
soul  in  the  teaching  power  of  pictures.  He  published  the  first 
illustrated  textbook,  and  thereby  won  the  love  and  gratitude  of 
boys  and  girls  the  world  aver  from  his  age  to  this.  How  this 
seventeenth  century  pioneer  in  modern  educational  methods 
would  have  delighteil  in  our  present  opportunity  to  instruct 
through  pictures  that  represent  life  as  it  really  is,  life  in  motion ! 


Ti 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


"DECEPTION" 

By  Glen  Visscher 

DECEPTION — one  of  the  European-made  films,  the  inva- 
sion of  which  has  raised  a  storm  of  protest  in  some 
quarters — is  a  magnificently  produced  and  unusually 
well-acted  picture. 

As  nearly  everyone  knows,  the  story  is  a  royal  romance,  woven 
about  historical  personages,  the  English  King  Henry  VIII  and 
Anne  Boleyn,  particularly.  Katherine  of  Arragon,  Lady  Jane 
Seymour,  Archbishop  Cranmer,  Cardinal  Wolsey,  Mark  Smea- 
ton,  and  others  make  their  "exits  and  their  entrances,"  and,  more 
or  less  briefly,  play  their  "parts." 

The  title  refers  to  the  perfidy  of  the  "gay  deceiver  who  was 
also  a  king."  But,  although  depicting  actual  past  events  and 
incidents,  the  scenario  veers  away  from  strict  historical  truth, 
at  times,  in  the  interest  presumably  of  romantic  scenes  and 
dramatic  climaxes,  and  whenever  it  is  deemed  expedient  to  tell 
the  story  in  a  simple,  if  imaginative,  sequence  of  scenes,  rather 
than  to  give  the  "whole  truth" — the  more  complex  and  difficult- 
to-untangle  intrigues,  plots,  and  counter-plots  of  the  actual  period. 
The  adaptor  ignores  Shakespeare's  example,  and  nothing  of  the 
long  enmity  between  Anne  and  Wolsey  is  shown. 

■  Anne  is  rather  idealized,  made  to  appear  an  unfortunate  hero- 
ine, "more  sinned  against  than  sinning,"  the  victim  of  Henry's 
vagrant  fancy,  and  her  uncle,  the  Duke  of  Norfolk's  ambition. 
Henny  Porten,  the  featured  actress  who  portrays  the  "Merry 
Monarch's"  second  wife,  while  a  tall,  queenly  woman  of  beau- 
tiful face  and  figure,  is  not  one's  preconceived  idea  of  the  mother 
of  Elizabeth,  who,  before  her  execution,  commented  on  her 
"little  neck." 

An  artist  of  unusual  power  is  revealed  in  Emil  Jannings,  whose 
realistic  visualization  of  Henry  proves  him  to  be  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  actors  on  the  screen.  His  every  pose  effective, 
his  facial  expression  compelling,  he  seems  a  living  representation 
of  the  Holbein  portraits.  In  size,  bulk,  action,  demeanor  and 
expression,  he  is  every  inch  the  "Bluff  King  Hal"  of  history. 


The  sets  and  costuming  deserve  praise;  are  especially  rii 
and  beautiful,  even  atmospheric.  The  lighting  and  photograp' 
are  very  artistic,  a  rest  to  the  eye.  The  direction  is  in  soi': 
scenes  masterful,  particularly  where  hundreds  of  players  i 
used.  These  mobs  act  really  "natural."  They  flow,  like  a  rivv 
in  fluid  masses,  as  real  crowds  do. 

Although  a  story  of  intrigue,  there  is  little  to  object  to  in  t 
telling  of  Deception,  but  cuts  are  suggested  in  two  of  the  /< 
scenes:  the  first  on  Katherine's  birthday;  the  other  after  Heiirn 
and  Anne's  marriage,  where  the  King  makes  merry  with  soi 
dancing  sprites  (in  quite  a  modern  fashion). 

Deception.     Distributed  by  Famous  Players-Lasky  Corp. 


TWO  NEW  DICKENS  PICTURES  IN  ENGLAND 

rflHE  Old  Curiosity  Shop,  in  seven  reels,  produced  in  Englan 
-L  and  Our  Mutual  Friend,  in  nine  reels,  a  Danish  productio 
are  now  on  the  British  film  market  and  both  are  said  to  be  splend 
screen  versions  of  the  original  novels  by  Charles  Dickens.  Tl 
former  was  produced  by  Welsh-Pearson  and  released  by  Juri 
the  latter  was  made  in  Denmark  by  Nordisk  and  is  distribute 
by  General. 

The  Old  Curiosity  Shop  as  a  picture  concentrates  on  the  li 
and  death  of  Little  Nell,  the  "Marchioness"  playing  but  a  sma 
if  picturesque  part,  which  of  course  was  not  the  case  with  tl: 
written  tale.  The  characterizations  appear  to  have  been  we 
done,  and  the  production  on  the  whole  has  the  real  Dickensia 
atmosphere. 

The  Danish  production  of  Our  Mutual  Friend,  on  the  othe 
hand,  seems  to  have  covered  virtually  all  of  the  complex  detail 
of  the  original  story  with  the  exception  of  the  sick-bed  seen 
at  the  wedding  of  Eugene  and  Lizzie,  which  is  entirely  omittec 
thus  leaving  Lizzie  "up  in  the  air,"  so  to  speak.  But  the  filn 
taken  in  its  entirety,  is  said  to  be  a  splendid  piece  of  work- 
picturesque,  faithful  to  the  author,  and  marvelous  in  inciden 
and  character  delineation. 


I^INO    HENRY    Vtll    (Emit   Janntnci),   and    tbe   wiljr   Archblghop    Cranmer.    'pHE  DUKE  OP  NORFOLK,  uncle  of  Anne  Boleyn,  with  hli  ateel-clad  troops 
Janninca,  the  Oerman  actor,  make*  "Bluir  King  Hal"  live  afain  after  the  before  the  walls  of  the  castle.    As  a  sixteenth  century  spectacle,  "Deception" 


lapse  of  nearly  four  centuries. 


is  well  worth  screening. 


10 


m 


A  UNIQUE  PHYSICAL  CULTURE  FILM 

A  PPROPRIATE  to  the  season  of  The  Big  Outdoors,  many 
-*  athletic  and  physical  culture  films  are  being  released,  which 
link  up  excellently  with  recreation  and  constructive  play 
)r  both  young  and  old.  Much  of  this  material,  having  more  than 
phemeral  interest,  presents  valuable  health  suggestions  which 
lay  well  be  incorporated  as  an  integral  part  of  well-ordered  life 
le  year  round.     Notable  in  this  latter  class  of  motion  pictures 

Massage  and  Exercises  Combined,  a  film  illustrating  the  physi- 
il  culture  system  of  which  Albrecht  Jensen  is  the  inventor.     Mr. 

nsen,  who  was  formerly  in  charge  of  medical  massage  clinics 
t  the  Polyclinic  Hospital,  New  York,  is  author  of  a  compre- 
ensive  treatise  on  his  invention  and  has  outlined  it  in  about 

reel  and  a  half  of  interesting  material. 

The  outstanding  feature  giving  individuality  to  Mr.  Jensen's 
ystem  consists  of  distinct  exercises  combining  physical  culture 
lotions  with  self-given  massage.  Added  to  this  is  the  Yogi 
rinciple  of  strong  mental  concentration  on  the  parts  of  the  body 
eing  exercised.    This  latter  point  is  brought  out  by  sub-titles. 

The  exercises  are  illustrated  by  Mr.  Jensen  and  repeated  with 
high  degree  of  efficiency  by  a  little  girl  of  ten,  thus  demonstrat- 
ag  the  adaptability  of  the  system  to  the  child  as  well  as  the  adult, 
rymnasium  trunks  are  worn  by  both  exponents  of  the  system, 
dus  permitting  a  careful  sqdy  of  muscular  action.  Exercises 
Aich  may  be  performed  when  the  person  is  fully  dressed  are 
Jso  shown,  all  the  work  representing  a  high  degree  of  finish. 
n  all  cases  repetitions  of  exercises  serve  to  fix  them  in  mind, 
dany  explanatory  sub-titles  are  included,  the  condensation  of 
ome  of  which  would  aid  assimilation  and  memory. 

On  the  whole  this  is  a  film  of  unique  value  to  special  groups: 
pose  persons  interested  in  highly  cultural  body-development  pro- 
cured by  methods  that  are  scientifically  sound. 

J  Massage  and  Exercises  Combined.  I'A  reels.  Albrecht  Jensen.  Box  78, 
b.  p.  0.,  New  York  City. 

I  RHht        |Mi 

"J 'ACCUSE" 

ABEL  GANCE'S  war  picture  ]' Accuse  in  theme  and  treat- 
ment, if  not  in  technical  mastery,  belongs  in  a  class  with 
Griffith's  Hearts  of  the  World,  and  Monsieur  Gance,  in 
lis  address  in  French  at  the  premier  showing  of  the  film  at  the 
iHotel  Ritz-Carlton,  New  York,  recently,  acknowledged  his  debt 
to  the  American  director.  He  is  an  able  pupil,  but  competent 
critics  cannot  yet  place  him  on  the  screen  throne  with  his 
paster. 

i  ]' Accuse  is  essentially  propaganda  in  photoplay  form — propa- 
ganda against  war,  against  profiteering,  against  materialism.  The 
author  is  above  all  else  an  idealist,  and,  forsooth,  what  great 
thinker  and  leader  is  not?  In  this  super-film  he  has  idealized 
the  French  solider:  he  has  disclosed  the  sensual  nature  of  the 
Prussian  even  as  Griffith  did,  but  more  subtly;  and  he  has 
pointed  an  accusing  finger  at  the  men  and  women  at  home  of 
whom  he  asks:  "Have  you  been  true  to  the  memory  of  those  who 
died  for  you?"  Perhaps  the  most  eflfective  scenes  in  the  picture 
are  toward  the  last,  when  the  dead  poilus  rise  from  their  graves 
on  the  battlefield  and,  holding  aloft  symbolically  their  wooden 
crosses,  march  home  to  see  how  soon  their  relatives  and  friends 
have  forgot  why  they  fought  and  died. 

The  picture  has  a  melancholy  historic  interest,  looking  at  it 
now  in  the  light  of  cold  perspective,  and  is  not  likely  to  prove 
popular  either  in  this  country  or  elsewhere.  The  acting  is  in 
many  respects  superb,  but  technical  imperfections  detract  from 
the  film's  exhibition  value.  As  a  pictorial  record  of  certain  vital 
phases  of  the  great  war  it  is  well  worth  preservation  in  the 
official  archives  of  the  French  nation. 


SCREEN  STUDIES  OF  RADIUM 

MADAME  CURIE'S  recent  visit  to  the  United  States  makes 
at  once  timely  and  interesting  the  material  on  radium 
issued  by  Pathe. 

Pathe  News  39  (1921)  has  an  exceptionally  fine  exposition  of 
the  extraction  of  the  ore  from  which  radium  is  procured.  Sup- 
plementary are  the  animated  cartoons  giving  values,  relative  sizes, 
etc.,  of  various  minerals  including  radium. 

Pathe  Review  Ao.  109,  under  the  title  The  Dawn  of  a  Miracle, 
shows  the  first  motion  picture  views  ever  made  of  the  method  by 
which  radium  is  extracted  from  carnotite  ore  mined  in  Colorado. 
Each  step  of  the  process  is  carefully  illustrated,  the  scenes  being 
filmed  in  the  laboratory  of  Dr.  S.  A.  Sochocky,  one  of  the  greatest 
American  authorities  on  radium.  Completing  the  reel  are  three 
subjects:  a  Capitol  Travelaugh  by  Hy  Mayer,  showing  a  sketch 
of  immigrants  in  characteristic  peasant  garb,  and  a  fade-in  of 
the  same  immigrant  in  American  garb;  a  slow  motion  study  of 
the  Swish-Swish  Dance  as  interpreted  by  the  celebrated  Ada 
Forman;  and  a  Pathe  color  study  of  Japanese  lilies.  Cut  dance, 
if  desired. 

The  method  of  procuring  radium  is  followed  up  in  Pathe  Re- 
view No.  113  by  demonstrations  of  some  of  its  practical  uses  as 
a  method  of  illumination.  The  Newest  Light  On  Earth  shows  how 
and  with  what  substance  genuine  radium  is  mixed  to  produce  the 
so-called  "luminous  radium"  material  used  to  light  the  hands  and 
figures  of  watches  and  clocks,  keyholes,  light  switches,  etc.  The 
remainder  of  the  film  consists  of  a  boxing  match,  shown  in  slow 
motion,  a  Hy  Mayer  Capitol  Travelaugh,  with  sketches  made  at  the 
Zoo,  and  beautiful  scenes  near  Chamoix  and  Mont  BBlanc. 

Pathe  News  No.  52  includes  sympathetic  glimpses  of  Madame 
Curie  to  whose  life  of  scientific  devotion  the  world  owes  a  dis- 
covery the  magnitude  of  which  is  yet  to  be  fully  explored. 

W*      ^ 
PARK'S  WORLD  GEOGRAPHY  SERIES 

THE  Popular  Science  Films  produced  by  William  Park  pre- 
sent a  course  in  world  geography  through  the  principle  of 
inter-relations.  The  series  begins  with  the  evolution  of  a 
solar  system,  the  astronomical  films  being  six  in  number  and 
comprising  Worlds  In  the  Making;  The  Mystery  of  Space,  two 
parts;  The  Earth  and  The  Moon,  two  parts;  and  God  Divided 
The  Night  From  The  Day.  The  films,  which  have  already  been 
reviewed  in  this  magazine,  are  now  ready  for  distribution  and 
the  remainder  of  the  series,  which  when  finished  will  number 
thirty  subjects,  are  now  nearing  completion  in  the  laboratory. 

The  plan  is  most  comprehensive,  the  following  additional  basic 
sciences  and  studies  being  touched  upon  in  the  development  of 
the  inter-relation  method:  Geology,  Meteorology,  Climatology, 
History,  Physics,  Physical  Geography,  Commercial  Geography, 
and  International  Trade  and  Commerce.  While  each  reel  con- 
stitutes a  chapter  in  the  story  of  world  geography,  yet  each  is  so 
handled  that  it  can  be  used  alone  without  the  need  of  seeing  the 
preceding  reels. 

While  intended  primarily  for  schools,  these  reels  will  fill  the 
great  wish  of  the  general  public  to  understand  the  reasons  for 
the  familiar  phenomena  which  are  daily  observed  but  little  under- 
stood. The  astronomical  reels  will  doubtless  be  screened  in  many 
churches,  illustrating  as  they  do  the  maimer  in  which  the  heavens 
tell  the  glory  of  God. 

Popvlar  Science  Films.  Distribnted  by  National  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Pic- 
tures, Inc.,  832  West  38th  Street,  New  York,  and  Branches. 

»■       1- 

As  an  advertising  feature  a  French  tourist  agency  has  installed  a 
cinema  to  depict  to  its  clients  the  type  of  scenery  that  may  be  seen 
on  the  various  tours. 


11 


MICROSCOPIC  ANIMAL  LIFE  ON  SCREEN 
T  IVING  examples  of  microscopic  animal  life,  projected  upon 
a  screen  by  means  of  a  microscope  attached  fo  a  stereopticon, 
and  magnified  many  hundreds  of  times,  furnished  a  fascinating 
variant  of  motion  pictures  to  an  audience  of  children  and  grown- 
ups assembled  at  the  Chicago  Academy  of  Sciences  in  response  to 
the  combined  invitation  of  the  academy,  the  board  of  education 
and  the  Wild  Flower  Preservation  Society  of  America. 

These  pictures  were  shown  by  Harold  B.  Shinn,  instructor 
of  biology  at  the  Carl  Shurz  high  school,  to  supplement  the  slides 
with  which  he  illustrated  his  talk  on  "Insects  as  Friends  and  En- 
emies." The  lecture  was  one  of  a  course  of  seventeen  free  Sat- 
urday afternoon  talks  on  nature  subjects  which  the  three  organi- 
zations referred  to  are  conducting  co-operatively. 

FIVE-REEL  AGRICULTURAL  SHOWS  FARM  COOPERATION 

/~\FFICERS  of  the  Indiana  Federation  of  Farmers'  Associations 
^-^  and  employes  at  the  state  headquarters  of  the  federation 
recently  atlended  the  screening  of  a  five-reel  agricultural  film  at 
the  Circle  theater,  Indianapolis.  The  film  was  made  under  the 
auspices  of  the  American  Farm  Bureau  Federation  and  shows  a 
practical  application  of  the  principles  advanced  by  the  national 
federation,  including  the  pooling  of  the  farmers'  wool  supply, 
the  co-operation  between  the  farmers  and  the  county  farm  or- 
ganizations and  the  close-knit  organization  of  the  county,  state 
and  national  bureaus.  Representatives  of  the  American  Farm 
Bureau  Federation  and  the  Illinois  Agricultural  Association  pre- 
sented the  picture.  The  Indiana  federation  may  display  the  film 
throughout  the  state. 

FORD  EDUCATIONAL  LIBRARY  OFFERS  VARIETY 

OLIVE  AXD  ORANGE  OROWING  features  first  the  growing  and 
gathering  of  olives  in  the  prolific  Silmer  Grove,  California,  the  largest 
olive  grove  in  the  country.  A  visit  is  next  made  to  a  large  orange  ranch 
in  the  same  state  where  the  development  of  the  orange  from  blossom 
to  fully-ripened  fruit  is  seen.  Picturesque  Mexican  families  employed 
as  pickers  carry  on  al  fresco  housekeeping,  while  experts  wrap  the 
oranges,  fifty  oranges  per  minute  being  a  not  unusual  rate  of  speed. 
Then  packers  and  shippers  start  the  fruit  on  the  journey  it  must  take 
before  it  reaches  the  breakfast  table. 

Under  the  title  of  Dynamic  Detroit  the  city  is  presented  as  a  "billion 
dollar  town"  with  its  fine  natural  harbor,  its  16.65  miles  of  river  front, 
fine  public  buildings,  private  residences,  schools,  clubs,  libraries  and  in- 
dustrial plants.  This  present-day  general  view  is  supplemented  by  an 
historic  outline  of  the  small  French  settlement  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
which  became  English  in  1763  and  American  in  1783.  For  geography 
and  history  students,  Rotarians,  students  of  civics,  Chambers  of  Com- 
merce, and  many  other  groups,  this  picturization  of  the  dynamic  city  will 
prove  of  constructive  interest. 

Food  For  Thought  appeals  not  alone  to  the  farmer  who  wishes  to 
iniprove  his  dairy  but  to  every  one  wlio  would  have  a  correct  idea  of 
just  what  must  lie  at  the  foundation  of  every  local  effort  for  pure  milk. 
Here  is  shown  a  modern,  scientific  dairy  farm  with  its  stock  carefully 
selected  by  means  of  easily  discernible  characteristics.  The  modern 
dairy  barn,  the  care  of  cows,  precautions  in  milking,  and  the  treatment 
of  milk  in  tlie  interests  of  purity  and  quality  are  subsequent  points  illus- 
trated and  elucidated. 

WITH  BURTON  HOLMES  ON  THREE  CONTINENTS 

THAT  the  Spanish  children  who  make  the  street  their  playground  are 
as  bright  and  interesting  as  the  little  aristocrats  with  their  beautiful 
dresses  and  glorious  combs,  is  made  emphatic  in  the  picture  released 
July  3  and  entitled  Spanish  Children.  Romantic  scenery  and  those 
dances  which  are  among  the  characteristic  of  Spain  combine  to  create 
tlie  CastilUan  atmosphere. 

Between  the  light-hearted  dancing  of  .Spanish  children  and  the  hard- 
working Japanese  of  both  sexes  and  all  ages  who  toil  In  the  Rice  Field* 
of  Japan  there  is  a  wide  gap,  yet  nature,  beautiful  as  ever,  furnishes 
a  harmonious  background.  The  latter  part  of  the  film  shows  a  typical 
Japanese  wrestling  tournament  between  two  teams  of  men  trained  from 
babyhood  to  be  wrestlers. 

Journeying  with  a  caravan  along  Th«  Road  to  the  Pyramidt  which 
leads  through  the  suburbs  of  modem  Cairo,  the  medioeval  tombs  of  the 
Mamuluke  Sultans  are  passed.  These  .Sultans  ruled  Egypt  a  sliort  800 
years  ago,  while  the  tombs  toward  which  the  caravan  is  journeying' — the 
famous  Pyramids — have  an  age  of  6000  years. 


PROGRAMS 


•••Jij 


III  iiKutittiimnmiiHi  iniitii  m  i  ii  i  ■  mill— fc 


By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


CHAUTAUQUA  PROGRAM 

BONNY  SCOTLAND— 7«»!e<o 

Glimpses  of  the  land  of  heather. 
SENTIMENTAL  TOMMY— Famous 

Excellent  adaptation  of  Sir  James  M.  Barrie's  "Sentimental 

Tommy"  and  "Tommy  and  Grizel." 

CHAUTAUQUA  PROGRAM 
VESUVIUS  IN  ERUPTION— FamOMS   (Burton  Holmes) 
LAST  DAYS  OF  POMPEII— /r/«in«    • 

A  finished  production  of  the  famous  novel  acted  by  Italian 

actors.    Outdoor  scenes  on  and  near  the  Bay  of  Naples. 


sit 


RECREATIONAL   PROGRAM    (Hospital  Stafif  Groups) 


\ 


^4 


2il 


ON  CARIBBEAN-LAPPED  SHORES— Be*«;«r 
Tropical  beauties  of  the  West  Indies  and  northern  South 
America. 

MAROONED  HEARTS— SefemcA; 
Conway  Tearle.   A  young  surgeon  and  the  sweetheart  who 
wrecked  his  career;  a  lonely  West  Indian  island  where  he 
perfects  a  new  serum  and  she  learns  the  real  meaning  of 
life. 

CUTTING  OUT  HIS  NONSENSE— Foa; 

Mutt  and  Jeff  contacting  the  mysteries  of  surgery. 

RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM   (Hospital  or  Sanitarium  Pati«|l 

BIRDS  AND  FLOWERS— Prisma 
Rare  and  beautiful  birds.   The  largest  dahlia  farm  in  Am- 
erica. 

EDGAR  THE  TEACHER'S  VET—Ooldwyn 
School  days— not  always  "Golden  Rule  days";  but  always 
humorous. 

CLOUD,  THE— Famow* 
Exceptionally  beautiful  cloud  effects.    Titles  from  Shelley's 
poem. 

INSTRUCTIONAL-RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (Rural  Gr. 

NIAGARA — Society  for  Visual  Education 
The  falls  as  seen  from  earth,  water  and  sky.    Explanatory 
drawings. 
THE  FARM  BUREAU  COMES  TO  PLEASANT  VIEW— 
U.  8.  Dept.  of  Agriculture 

How  a  country  community  got  in  touch  with  the  extension 
agents  and  organized  for  community  work  and  social  life. 
NO  STORY— Vitagraph 
A  man  whom  the  world  called  a  failure  was  big  enough  to 
send  the  girl  whom  he  loved  back  to  the  home  farm  and  a 
waiting  lover.  An  O.  Henry  story  with  a  real  message  of 
loyalty  and  unselfishness. 
BUZZ-Z-Z ! — Educational 

Life  history  of  the  mosquito  and  how  to  destroy  it. 
LOST  LIE,  THE — Community  Motion  Picture  Bureau 
Two  boys  with  fishing  rods;  temptation  in  the  form  of  a 
waiting  auto;  and  a  lesson  which  will  reach  young  and  old. 
SPOOT<IERS~Educational 
True  love  is  tested  by  means  of  a  merry  subterfuge.    A 
clean  comedy  with  many  smiles. 

INSTRUCTIONAL-RECREATIONAL   PROGRAM 
(Wheat  and  Flour) 
HOW  CALIFORNIA  HARVESTS  WHEAT— Famous 

(Burton  Holmes) 
HOW  THE  MILLER  HAS  CHANGED— K.  M.  C.  A. 

Methods  of  milling  altered  to  meet  modern  conditions. 
CHURCH   WITH  THE  OVERSHOT  WHEEL,  THE— 
Vitagraph 

An  old  mill  put  to  a  new  use,  and  a  miller  who  found  his 
little  lost  daughter.   An  O.  Henry  story. 
INSTRUCTIONAL-RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (Indus.  Grou 

(Hand  and  Mechanical  Riveting) 
PATHE  REVIEW  NO.  Sl.—Pathi 

Topical  including  "Giant  Fingers"  (the  Bull  Riveter) 
COMEBACK,  THE— Educational 

How  a  j)rize-winning  hand-riveter  became  reconciled  to  the 
bull  riveter  in  the  foundry  where  he  worked. 
IT'S  A  BEAR— Fo*  (Mutt  and  Jeff) 
Protecting  a  damsel  in  distress  our  friends  get  in  trouble 
with  bears. 

SOCIOLOGICAl^RECREATIONAL   PROGRAM 
Immigration 
IMMIGRATION  TO  THE  UNITED  STATE&-^So(^»««y  for 
Visual  Education 

Localities  from  which  immigration  has  come,  where  It  has 
located   and   types   of  work   done   by    various    immigrant 
groups. 
INFINITE  VARIETY  OF  LITTLE  OLD  NEW  YORK— 
Community  Motion  Picture  Bureau 
Life  of  the  immigrant  in  America's  metropolis. 
ONE  MAN  IN  A  MILLION— Bo6«r<»on-Co/« 
George  Beban  and  George  Beban,  Jr.   The  story  of  a  big- 
hearted  Italian  immigrant  and  the  little  waif  he  befriended. 


1 
3  r 


2  r. 


1  1 


2  r« 


1  r 


1  r 

6  re 


12 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK  ^ 


ELECTRICAL  POWER  PLANTS  FILMED 

COTION  pictures  visualizing  the  use  of  electrical  power  are 
I  being  exhibited  to  engineers  of  the  state  by  the  Central 
Illinois  Public  Service  Company.  C.  0.  Drinten,  a  repre- 
ative  of  the  company,  is  usually  present  when  the  pictures 
shown,  to  answer  questions  and  explain  technical  details, 
lis  picture  shows  the  numerous  coal  mines  furnished  power 
the  company.  It  also  shows  how  the  coal  is  hoisted  to  the 
t,  and  the  way  it  is  mined.  One  of  the  interesting  features  of 
picture  is  the  excellent  underground  scenes.  Here  one  can 
the  coal  being  placed  in  the  electrical  operated  cars  hundreds 
'eet  under  the  ground,  the  hauling  of  the  coal  to  the  elevators, 
i(  grading  of  coal  into  the  different  sizes  for  'the  consumers. 
)ther  section  shows  the  twelve  ice  plants  of  the  company,  the 
hod  in  handling  the  ice,  how  the  cars  are  iced  and  some  ex- 
ent  exterior  views  of  the  plants. 

Uiother  portion  of  the  film  shows  the  water  standing  over  the 
lorn  lands  along  the  Illinois  river,  then  leads  up  to  the  con- 
iction  of  the  monstrous  walls  which  keep  the  river  where  it 
iiongs,  the  huge  pumps  are  shown  putting  the  water  back  into 
river  and  some  of  the  crops  that  are  being  raised  since  the 
istruction  of  these  drainage  districts.  From  there  the  optience 
aken  to  the  oil  fields  of  Illinois.  Here  one  sees  the  oil  wells 
operation  and  the  huge  pumps  that  force  millions  of  gallons 
crude  oil  through  a  pipe  line  to  the  refineries  located  in  Texas 
I  Illinois. 

Riere  are  several  scenes  taken  in  and  around  the  plants  of 
|:  twelve  water  works  operated  by  the  Central  Illinois  Public 
TOce  Company.  In  addition  there  are  scenes  along  the  1,350 
lies  of  high  tension  33,000  volt  wires  which  feed  the  popula- 
jn's  electrical  demsmd  in  185  Illinois  towns.  The  cameraman 
jo  included  9  heating  plants  and  the  8  gas  plants  operated  by 
ii  Public  Service  Company. 

There  are  many  beautiful  scenes  along  the  street  railway  and 
erurban  systems.  The  Central  Illinois  Public  Service  Company 
erates  two  interurban  lines  and  five  street  railway  systems. 
There  are  many  feet  of  film  devoted  to  scenes  in  and  around 
s  giant  electric  plants  at  Kincaid,  Harrisburg  and  a  few  views 
,  the  smaller  plants  and  sub-stations  throughout  the  state. 

KIRKMAN'S   COMPLETE   DISTRIBUTION   PLAN 

\NE  of  the  most  popular  industrial-educational  films  pro- 
duced recently  is  The  Making  of  Soap  the  distribution  of 
lich  is  being  handled  in  a  thorough  manner  by  the  owners, 
rkman  &  Son,  the  old  established  ?oap  manufacturers  of  Brook- 
n,  N.  Y.  During  the  first  month  more  than  178,000  persons 
3wed  the  picture  which  is  being  exhibited  in  theaters,  schools, 
lieges,  churches,  Y's,  hospitals,  piers,  recreation  centers,  settle- 
snt  houses,  emd  other  local  institutions  throughout  New  England 
d  the  middle  Atlantic  states.  In  some  theaters  samples  of 
ap  are  given  free  to  those  in  attendance.  In  educational  institu- 
)ns  the  film  is  shown  to  the  chemistry  and  domestic  science 
asses. 

A  novel  and  much  appreciated  feature  of  the  distribution  plan 
the  company's  offer  to  supply  a  complete  motion  picture  pro- 


gram including  the  soap  picture.  Everything  is  supplied  free  of 
charge  "except  the  auditorium,  audience,  and  electric  current." 
Even  dark  curtains  are  furnished  when  needed.  The  Making 
of  Soap,  which  visualizes  all  of  the  manufacturing  processes 
used  in  soap  making,  is  supplied  on  both  standard  width  and 
narrow  width.  The  company  has  twelve  Patheiscope  projectors 
and  operators,  and  maintains  an  efficient  motion  picture  depart- 
ment, even  to  the  extent  of  sending  out  in  advance  a  representa- 
tive to  see  what  facilities  an  institution  or  group  possesses  in 
order  that  a  perfect  exhibition  may  result. 


WESTERN  ELECTRICS  LUMBER  FILMS 

THE  Western  Electric  Company  is  distributing  six  one-reel 
pictures  of  the  lumber  industry  of  the  northwest  and  its 
relation  to  the  telegraph  and  telephone  system  of  the  world. 
Technically  this  series  can  be  classed  with  the  finest  educational 
pictures  of  the  theatrical  field.  They  are  beautifully  tinted  and 
toned  and  the  descriptive  titles  make  the  films  unusually  in- 
teresting.   The  pictures  were  produced  by  Charles  W.  Barrell. 

Pillars  of  the  Sky.  A  scenic  of  Mount  Rainier  and  the  gigantic  fir 
trees  of  the  northwest  show  the  risks  taken  by  lumberjacks  in  cutting 
down  the  giants  of  the  forest  to  make  the  crossarms  and  conduits  of 
the  telephone  system. 

Concerning  Crossarms.  Beautiful  scenic  of  the  Cascade  Mountains  of 
Washington  where  ancient  fir  trees  300  feet  high  supply  the  parent 
stock  for  the  crossarms  of  telephone  and  telegraph  poles.  Transporta- 
tion of  the  lumber  to  the  mills  where  the  natural  sap  is  extracted  from 
the  wood,  seasoned  and  cut  into  required  lengths  ready  for  the  saw 
mill.  Views  of  the  automatic  planer  smoothing  all  four  sides  of  the 
timber  in  one  operation.  Crossarms  then  supplied  with  a  complete  set 
of  "pin  holes"  by  the  boring  machine.  The  wooden  conduits  for  electric 
wires  are  also  planed  and  the  revolving  heading  machines  add  the  mortise 
and  tendon  for  continuous  joints. 

Cedar  Camps  in  Cloudlarul.  Shows  the  transportation  by  water  of 
future  telegraph  poles,  the  cedars  moving  down  the  rapids  25  feet  a 
second,  passing  carefully  guarded  switches  to  the  sorting  yard  where 
they  are  classified  according  to  size  and  quality,  and  an  electric  traction 
system  transfers  them  from  the  water  to  the  shipping  yards. 

Far  Western  Cedar  Trails.  Many  giant  cedar  trees  of  the  northwest 
attain  a  height  of  nearly  100  feet  in  their  century  or  more  of  growth 
and  the  risli  tlie  lumberjacks  take  in  felling  one  of  these  big  trees  is 
graphically  shown.  The  tree  is  peeled  and  measured  before  transporta- 
tion to  the  camp  clearing.  Tlie  insistent  demand  for  poles  keeps  a  con- 
tinuous line  of  men  and  motor  trucks  moving  from  forest  to  freight 
yard,  but  the  source  of  supply  should  never  be  exhausted  if  the  trees 
are  properly  cut  and  protected. 

The  Land  of  the  White  Cedart.  Beautiful  scenes  of  AVashington 
lumber  camps  in  winter  and  tlie  hazards  encountered  hy  the  campers  in 
the  zero  weather  in  cutting  and  transjjorting  the  cedar  poles  on  which 
telephone  wires  are  strung.  A  day  in  the  life  of  a  lumber  jack  depicts 
tlie  primitive  existence  wliich  the  campers  endure  in  order  to  supply 
the  country  witli  sufficient  telephone  and  telegraph  poles  for  social  and 
commercial   activities. 

Pole  Pushers  of  Pufiet  i^mmd.  Land  and  water  views  of  tlie  north- 
western cedar  industry.  The  landlocked  harbors  of  Puget  Sound  filled 
with  a  vast  number  of  cedar  jioles  awaiting  shipment  by  steamer.  Poles 
are  worked  into  "criiis"  before  delivery  at  the  ship's  side.  Poles  forty 
feet  and  under  are  cribbed  li\  man-power  but  forty-five  footers  and  over 
are  handled  by  machinery.  Scene  of  ship's  loading  is  shown.  Scenes 
on  the  mainland  of  the  creosoting  tanks  where  the  poles  are  sunk  into  the 
creosote  bath  of  distillate  of  coal  tar  to  a  depth  of  five  feet  and  left  to 
saturate  from  five  to  eight  liours,  insuring  them  from  ground  rot  and 
insect  ravages  for  many  years.  They  are  then  ready  for  their  long 
journey  and  to  form  a  valuable  link  in  civilization's  progress  to  become 
the  telegraph  and  telephone  poles  with  which  we  are  familiar. 

*       1" 

The  Tournament  of  Youth  is  a  one-reel  drama  which  tells  the  story  of 

a  successful  health  crusade  in  a  small  town  and  the  keen  competition 

among  school  children   to  win  the  crusade   banner.     It   was   produced 

by  Eugene  Roder  for  the  National  Tuberculosis  Association,  New  York, 


IS 


INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NOTES 

THE  AMERICAN  CHAIN  CO.  has  produced  fifteen  reels  of  film 
visualizing  its  manufaeturinj;  processes,  welfare  activities,  and  work 
of  its  Americanization  committees.  The  pictures  were  made  to 
devdop  interplant  interest  and  have  been  shown  in  theaters  of  cities 
where  the  company  has  manufacturing  plants.  One  of  the  most  effective 
of  the  series  is  a  drama  depicting  the  success  of  a  young  man  who  starts 
as  a  chain-maker  and,  by  close  application,  rises  to  become  sales  man- 
ager. The  pictures  were  made  by  Eugene  Roder,  of  the  Roder-Cowen 
Service  Corporation,  New  York. 

9    9 

The  Holt  Manufacturing  Company,  Stockton,  California,  has  pictures 
of  the  recent  tests  of  the  new  caterpillar  gun-mount.  The  cameramen 
of  the  news  weeklies  made  "shots."  The  gun-mount  was  shown  ascending 
hills,  descending  into  gullies,  moving  rapidly  along  hillsides  steep  enough 
to  upset  any  ordinary  machine,  and  also  in  the  surf  of  the  Pacific, 
operating  partially  submerged  as  if  on  dry  land.  The  gun-mount  turned 
in  its  tracks,  circled,  darted  forward  and  backward  and  from  all  sorts  of 
positions  tTie  gun  was  discharged,  sometimes  at  an  elevation  of  45  degrees. 
At  this  elevation  the  firing  showed  no  recoil  that  in  any  way  affected 
the  mount.  The  machine  in  action  covered  from  15  to  30  miles  an 
hour  and  when  fired  was  operated  by  skilled  artillerymen.  The  machine 
was  labelled  for  the  picture  The  Racing  Cannon. 

The  cities  of  the  middle  west  are  liaving  films  produced  which  show 
their  civic  activities,  educational  facilitieis,  churches,  manufacturing 
and  mercantile  organizations;  parks,  municipal  structures,  libraries 
clubs,  social  life  and  residential  sections.  Evanston,  Pekin,  Blooming- 
ton,  Monmouth,  Decatur,  Kankakee,  Peoria,  Springfield,  Illinois;  La- 
Crosse,  Racine,  Wisconsin;  Ottuma,  Darlington  Davenport,  Iowa,  have 
film  records  of  the  town,  featuring  its  activities.  These  pictures  have 
been  produced  by  the  Tisdale  Film  Corporation,  Chicago,  and  after 
they  have  been  exhitied  in  the  theaters  and  non-theatrical  channels 
of  the  ieghboring  cities  will  be  kept  for  future  generations  as  a  histori- 
cal record. 

The  Spirit  of  Service,  in  one  reel,  demonstrates  the  value  of  the  con- 
tinuity of  gas  service,  its  utility  in  the  home,  the  industrial  plant,  and 
the  workshop.  The  film  discloses  the  eternal  vigilance  necessary  on  the 
part  of  the  gas  company  to  "keep  the  home  fires  burning."  It  was  pro- 
duced by  Rothacker  Film  Manufacturing  Company  and  will  be  dis- 
tributed by  local  gas  companies  throughout  the  United  States. 

w  w 

Blossom  Time  In  Plattsburg,  a  five-reel  drama  with  well-known  citizens 
in  the  cast  and  scenes  in  and  around  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  visualizes  the 
city  as  it  is  today,  its  population,  social  and  industrial  activities.  This 
historical  film  document  was  produced  by  Eugene  Roder,  of  the  Roder- 
Cowen  Service  Corporation,  New  York. 

The  motion  pictures  entitled  Detroit  Rebuilds  Its  Wonder  City, 
distributed  by  the  Detroit  News  show  road  building,  track  construction 
and  other  civic  improvements  now  in  the  process  of  construction.  A 
list  of  the  local  theaters  exhibiting  tlie  films  are  printed  each  day  in 
the  News. 


HAVE  YOU  A  FILM  LIBRARY? 

You  can  have  immediate  shipment  on  hundreds  of  single  reel  subjects. 

A    splendid    motion    picture    film    library   for   you    at    minimum    cost. 

History  Science  Agriculture 

Geography  Industrials  Scenics 

Perfect  condition  guaranteed.    Iis.oo  per  subject. 

Write  for  catalogue  and  full  particulars 

FITZPATRICK  &  McELROY 

202  So.  State  St.  Chicago,  Illinois. 


Book  your  films  for  the  Fall  and  Winter  now.     We  have  the 
most  complete  Non-Theatrical   library  in  the   Middle  West. 

Religious  Comedy 

Ethical  Scenic 

Educational  Entertainment 

Movie  Hymns 

Screen   Sermonettes 

Churches,   Schools    and    Institutions    get    our    big   catalogue. 
It  is  free.     Branches  to  ho  opened  everywhere. 

St.  I.oiiis  Branch;  J405  Olive  Street 

Des   Moines   Branch:   «02    Vdungerman    Building 

THE  NEW  ERA  FILMS 

21  E.  7th  Street  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


Urban 


Popular 
Classics 


'T'HIS  Autumn  they  will  include  the 
fascinating   film    translations    from 
the  fables  of  La  Fontaine. 

All  the  actors  in  these  lovely  works  are 
animals;  the  pictures  are  actually  before 
the  camera ;  not  animated  cartoons. 

Dr.  Raymond  L.  Ditmars,  curator  of  the 
New  York  Zoological  Society,  has  pro- 
duced them ;  Charles  Urban  is  per- 
sonally preparing  them  for  release. 

The  entire  series  will  be  known  as 
"Modern  Truths  from  Old  Fables" 
and  they  will  take  their  place  as  perma- 
nent motion  picture  classics  alongside 
the  Kineto  Reviews  and  Movie  Chats. 

All  edited  in  lengths  of  one  reel. 


Write  for  details. 


KINETO    CO.  OF    AMERICA 


INCORPORATED 


71  W.  23rd  St. 


>  Prcf  idcnt 


NEW  YORK 


To  enttrtam  and  amutt  is  good— 
To  do  both  and  imtruct  it  better. 


14 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


TONDERFUL  LONDON,"  produced 
'  by  tlie  Stella  Muir  01ms,  covers  all 
of  the  noted  and  historical  spots 
h  which  the  capital  of  the  British 
pire  abounds.  It  is  said  to  be  the 
(t  complete  film  of  its  kind. 
*  * 

"he  Rev.  Burdette  L.  Main  of  Red- 

od   Falls,    Minn.,   has   been   making 

of  motion   pictures  in   his  church 

more    than    a    year.      Recently    in 

attempt  to  secure  the   reaction   of 

picture   he   addressed   a   letter  to 

li    of    his    members,    requesting    a 

e  upon  their  continuance.     The  re- 

t    was    at    the    ratio    of    four    to 

!  in  favor  of  the  movies.    Mr.  Main 

I  exercised  greatest  care  in  the  se- 

tion    of    his    themes    and,    as    far 

possible,  accorded  them  to  his  ser- 


'When  Women  Work"  was  shown 
Crump's  Theater,  Columbus,  Ind., 
3er  the  auspices  of  tlie  League  of 
mien  Voters.  The  Women's  Bureau 
the  federal  Department  of  Labor 
sps  a  number  of  prints  in  cou- 
nt circulation. 

*  * 

rhe  Lincoln  School,  Wichita,  Kan- 
1,  recently  showed  pictures  of  mine- 
eeping  in  the  North  Sea  during  the 
r,    and   other   educational   subjects. 

*  * 

3ounty  farm  bureaus  of  Michigan 
!  sliowing  to  the  farmers  of  various 
inties  instructional  dims  loaned  by 
!  United  States  Department  of  Ag- 
ulture. 

*  * 

rhe  Covenant  Epworth  League  re- 
itly  produced  a  four  act  comedy 
lied  "A  Night  Off,  or  A  Page  of 
Jjac",  proceeds  of  the  performance 
u.sed  for  the  purchase  of  a  mo- 
>n    picture    projector. 

*  * 

Films  recently  exhibited  at  the 
litarinn  Church,  Iowa  City,  Iowa, 
ire;  "Come  Clean",  "The  Making  of 
Automobile,"  "The  Priceless  Gift  of 
salth,"  "In  the  Lion's  Den"  "The 
xas  Trail  to  Your  Table,"  "Rip  Van 
inkle"  and  a  number  of  comedies. 
1  of  the  Educational  pictures  are 
companied  by  a  talk  from  the 
icher  explaining  the  various  activi- 
a  shovra. 

*  * 

A  new  tsoo  motion  picture  projection 
JChine  has  been  installed  in  the  Mad- 
jn  School,  Phoenix,  Arizona.  A 
cture  recently  sliown  covered  the 
reels,  buildings,  and  goverrunental 
Mvities  of  the  national  capital, 
ashington,  D.  C. 

*  * 
Government    fisheries    and    forestry 
ms    were   a    feature   of    the   Sports- 
en's    and     Tourists'     Fair    recently 
'Id  at  Spokane,  Wash. 


The  curriculum  committee  of  the 
ew  York  City  Visual  Instruction 
jsoeiation  has  recommended  for  use 

the  literature  classes  of  the  pub- 
:  schools  the  Charles  Ray  feature 
rhe  Old  Swimmin'  Hole"  which  was 
viewed   at   length   in  the   May  issue 

this  magazine. 

*  * 

"Tlie  Stream  of  Life",  now  dis- 
ibuted  by  International  Church  Film 
irporation,  was   recently  screened   in 

!.e  Presbyterian  Church  of  Iowa  City, 

iiwa. 

*  It 

The  Fifth  Street  Methodist  Church 
'  St.  Charles,  Mo.,  installed  a  motion 
cture  machine  some  yejirs  ago  and 
terest  in  the  use  of  films  has  grad- 
illy  developed  among  the  church 
embers  until  the  use  of  motion  pic- 
ires  at  services  ha5  become  an  in- 
gral  part  of  the  church  life.  W. 
.  Gray  Jr.,  an  ardent  believer  in 
le  use  of  films  in  churches,  has  been 
*ive  in  bringing  about  these  happy 
•suits. 


A  motion  picture  expedition  is  now 
in  Bolivia  where  pictures  of  South 
American  Indians,  of  industries,  and 
of  various  forms  of  plant  and  animal 
life  will  be  taken.  The  exhibition  is 
under  the  direction  of  Dr.  Rushy,  of 
Columbia  University,  and  the  New 
York  Botanical  Gardens. 

*  * 

More  than  ISOO  children  attended 
the  Saturday  entertainment  In  Albany 
when  "Rebecca  of  Sunnybrook  Farm" 
was  presented  under  the  direction  of 
Mrs.  F.  W.  Clark  and  the  Albany 
Mothers'  Qub.  Four  of  Governor 
Miller's  children  were  in  attendance. 

*  * 
"Huckleberry    Finn"   was   shown   to 

950  children  by  the  Service  League  of 
the  Connecticut  College,  New  London, 
Conn.,    recently. 

*  * 

Saturday  entertainments  for  young 
people  are  an  attraction  at  Harmanus 
Bleeker  Hall,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  under 
the  auspices  of  Mrs.  F.  W.  Clark,  who 
has  conducted  them  successfully  .  in 
Albany  for  several  years. 

*  * 

Wellesley,  Mass.,  has  municipal 
movies  run  by  the  people  themselves. 
They  are  presented  two  days  a  week, 
with  a  matinee  each  day.  The  funds 
necessary  to  begin  the  undertaking 
were     raised     by     twenty-five     citizen 

underwriters. 

*  * 

Some  1800  scliool  children  were  en- 
tertained by  the  Keeney  Theater  in 
Kingston,    N.    Y.,    with    "The    Son    of 

Tarzan." 

*  * 

The  film  made  by  the  Harry  Levey 
Service  Corporation  of  the  ceremonies 
of  the  unveiling  of  the  Simon  Bolivar 
statue  in  New  York,  after  being  shown 
in  the  theaters  of  Venezuela,  will  be 
preserved  an  the  official  archives  as 
a   permanent   record   of   the   event. 

*  * 

Films  dealing  with  the  production 
of  petroleum,  three  reels  on  coal  min- 
ing, and  a  reel  on  mining  machinery 
were  recently  screened  at  Birmingham 
University.  Birmingham,  Eng.,  before 
the  Mining  Students  Society.  This  in- 
stitution is  a  pioneer  in  Great  Britain 
in  the  use  of  motion  pictures  for  tech- 
nical  educative   purposes. 

*  * 

George  E.  Stone,  author  and  pro- 
ducer of  "How  Life  Begins",  recently 
cxliibited  his  film  to  raemtiers  and 
guests  of  the  Kiwanis  Club  at  their 
luncheon  at  the  Palace  Hotel,  San 
Francisco,  Calif.  Mr.  Stone  gave 
an  interesting  talk  on  the  difficul- 
ties with  which  he  met  in  making 
thi.s  remarkable  film.  He  said  that 
the  pictures  have  been  shown  in 
many  parts  of  the  world  and  even 
tlie  Russian  bolsheviks  tried  to  obtain 
prints  of  them.  Mr.  Stone  also 
screened  his  picture  and  spoke  at  the 
Southern  California  Conference  on 
Social  Hygiene  in  Education  held 
in  the  Hotel  Alexandria,  Los  Angeles. 

*  * 

"The  Lord  Will  Provide,'  an  Inter- 
national Church  film  subject,  the  Bit>- 
lical  story  of  the  widow  of  Zarapthah, 
was  used  by  Rev.  A.  H.  C.  Mores  at 
First  Baptist  Church,  Denver.  Colo.,  on 
a  recent  Sunday  evening  in  connection 
with  church  service. 

*  * 

"The  Apple  Tree  Girl."  a  five-reeler 
featuring  Shirley  Mason,  and  "The 
Problems  of  Pin-Hole  Parish"  were  two 
film  attractions  at  the  Summerdale 
Congregational  Church   in   Chicago. 

*  * 

To  aid  health  work  among  negroes 
the  Mississippi  State  Board  of  Health 
recently  sent  Dr.  R.  B.  Stewart,  a 
negro  physician  employed  by  the  U. 
S.  Public  Health  Service,  to  lecture  and 
show  films  on  venereal  disease  to  the 
colored  people  of  various  communities 
in   that  state. 


Motion  pictures  showing  the  noble 
and  valuable  work  done  by  trained 
nurses  were  recently  exhibited  in  New- 
port News,  Va.,  under  the  auspices  of 
the  Instructive  Visiting  Nurses'  Asso- 
ciation, of  which  Mrs.  Willlani  Gate- 
wood  is  local  president. 

*  * 

International's  novel  photoplay  in 
which  doll  mannikins  play  the  leading 
parts,  entitled  "The  Dream  Doll," 
made  a  great  hit  with  the  children 
of  Saginaw,  Mich.,  recently  when  the 
picture  was  shown  at  the  Jefferson 
Avenue  M.  E.  Church  under  thf  direc- 
tion of  a  local  church  committee. 

*  * 

One  movie  star  at  least  is  not  worry- 
ing about  censorship,  according  to  a 
recent  newspaper  item.  Charles  Ray 
says  that  throughout  his  screen  career 
he  has  never  acted  in  a  questionable 
role  nor  in  a  scene  to  which  anyone 
could  raise  objection. 

*  * 

United  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture films  are  being  shown  regularly 
in  New  Orleans.  La.,  to  the  members 
of  the  Louisiana  Qub  under  the  di- 
rection of  Dr.  I.  M.  aine,  the  club 
president,  who  for  nearly  forty  years 
has  been  in  charge  of  the  local 
weather  bureau. 

*  * 

The  activities  of  school  children  at 
Oakton,  Washington,  Lincoln  and 
Central  schools,  Evanston,  III.,  have 
been  filmed  and  exhibited  at  the 
last-named  school  under  the  auspices 
of    the    Neighborhood    Qub. 

*  * 

Motion  pictures  of  surgical  den- 
tistry were  exhibited  at  the  meeting 
of  the  Central  Dental  Association  of 
Northern  New  Jersey,  held  at  the 
Robert  Treat  Hotel,  Newark,  N.  J. 
The  technique  of  eminent  dental 
operators  were  minutely  shown  on  the 
screen. 

*  * 

The  Civic  League  of  Reading.  Pa., 
has  been  showing  health,  welfare, 
and  other  educational  pictures  at 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Auditorium  and  the 
Colonial  Theater  of  that  city.  More 
than  1,000  men  were  turned  away 
at  a  recent  Y  movie  exhibition  and 
1,800  women  attended  the  showing  in 
the   theater. 

*  * 

"The  House  of  the  Towing  Bell" 
and  other  films  were  shown  recently 
in  the  high  school  auditorium,  Okla- 
homa City,  Okla.,  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Booster's  Club  to  raise  money 
for  the  high  school.  The  higli  school 
band  furnished  the  music.  "Robinson 
Crusoe"  and  "Little  Red  Riding  Hood" 
were  also  seen  at  Central  High  School 
recently. 

*  * 

At  the  Salvation  Army  Citadel,  Min- 
neapolis, Minn.,  the  work  of  this  great 
welfare  organization  was  recently  ex- 
hibited in  film  by  Earl  Jeffries,  state 
campaign  director  of  the  Salvation 
Army. 


The  Y.  W.  C.  A.  of  Davenport,  Iowa, 
lately  showed  a  health  film  loaned  by 
the  Rock  Island,  III.,  Y.  W.  C.  A., 
which  in  turn  received  it  from  the 
Social  Hygiene  Bureau  of  Springfield, 
III.  Only  women  and  girls  were  pres- 
ent. 

*  * 

"Ireland  a  Nation,"  obviously  a 
propaganda  picture,  was  recently  pre- 
sented at  the  Metropolitan  ■  Theater, 
Minneapolis,  Minn.  The  film  deals 
with  the  struggles  of  Ireland  for  hun- 
dreds of  years  to  keep  burning  the 
spark  of  freedom  and  independence, 
and  there  are  said  to  be  some  beautiful 
scenic  "shots." 

*  « 

Health  films  on  the  house  fly,  the 
mosquito,  typhus  fever,  good  teeth, 
mouth  liygiene,  better  babies,  and 
American  citizenship  were  recently  ex- 
hibited at  the  Stone  Church.  Indepen- 
dence, Mo.,  under  the  direction  of  the 
health  department  of  the  church. 


FILMS 
FOR 
SALE 

(WE  DO  NOT  RENT  FILMS) 


Motion  Pictures  Made  To  Your  Order 

I  make  Motion  Photography  for  Family  Record 
purpose.  Think  of  the  value  as  years  go  by  to 
bring  face  to  face  alive  with  motion  those  of 
your  family.  I  number  among  my  patrons  some 
of  the  best  known  families  in  this  country. 
Inquiries  are  given  inviolable  confidence. 
Cinematographer 

DANIEL  J.  GOFF 
320  Wrigley  Bldg.  CHICAGO 


T 

I    T     L 

E 

S    !    ! 

An    important    element 
Heretofore    neglected, 
neglect   now.     Consult  or 

in    any    production. 
So    excuse    for    this 
write 

ARTHUR 

WEIL 

220  W.  42nd  St. 

Room  1807 

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15 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


Under  the  auspices  of  H.  Howard 
Pepper,  president  of  tlie  Nature  Study 
Clulj,  the  famous  Finley  Aims  of  bird 
and  animal  life  had  a  speciai  showing 
for  the  children  of  Santa  Barbara, 
Calif.,  on  a  recent  Saturday  morning 
at  the  California  Theater  in  that  city. 
William  L.  Finley  himself  was  present 
and  delivered  his  well-known  lecture. 
In  the  same  city  at  the  Recreational 
Center  Auditorium  Mr.  Finley  gave 
two  lectures,  illustrated  with  motion 
pictures,  on  "Shooting  Wild  Birds  and 
Animals  with  a  Shutter"  and  "The 
Birds  and  Animals  of  the  High  Cas- 
cade Mountains." 

*  * 

A  unique  and  valuable  lecture  illus- 
trated with  films  was  that  by  Colonel 
Trygoe  Siqueiand,  of  the  United  States 
Military  Intelligence  Bureau,  at  Til- 
erim  Church,  Oak  Park,  III.,  giving  a 
resume  of  Bismarck's  policy  of  secretly 
obtaining  information  regarding  con- 
ditions in  other  countries  and  of  the 
development  of  the  German  intelli- 
gence system.  The  pictures  shown 
were  of   Gennan   submarine  warfare. 

*  w 

Major  A.  I.  Simmons  of  the  Illinois 
State  Board  of  Health  addressed  the 
boys  of  the  high  school  at  East  Moline, 
III.,  and  showed  them  several  health 
Alms. 

The  National  Geographic  Society's 
films  of  the  Eskimos  made  by  the  ex- 
plorer Donald  MacMillan  were  a  fea- 
ture of  the  meeting  of  the  Michigan 
Sportsmen's  Association  at  Prudden 
Auditorium,  Lansing.  Mich.  A  most 
Interesting  and  illuminative  lecture  by 
the  explorer  himself  was  delivered 
with  the  pictures. 

*  * 

Following  the  showing  of  "Little 
Women"  at  the  Congregational  Church, 
Quincy.  111.,  Rev.  E.  A.  Thompson,  the 
pastor,  spoke  on  the  subject,  "The 
Choice  of  a  Wife."  Both  the  film  and 
the  theme  of  the  sermon  appear  to 
have  laeen   happily  selected. 

*  • 

The  venture  in  community  movies  at 
the  high  school,  Logan,  Utah,  has  been 
such  a  success  that  the  school  authori- 
ties have  added  a  new  screen  and 
other  motion  picture  equipment. 


Community  programs  in  North  Caro- 
lina towns  and  villages  included  the 
following  films:  "Production  and  Use 
of  Hog  Cholera  Serum."  "Bird  Rook- 
eries," "Romance  and  Rough  House." 
"The  Indian's  Narrow  Escape,'"  and 
"Robbing  the  Fishes." 

*  * 

Five  reels  of  instructional  pictures 
were  shown  at  the  regular  meeting  of 
the  Whittier  Home  and  School  Asso- 
ciation in  the  school  building. 

*  * 

A  program  of  nine  reels  was  pre- 
sented by  the  local  community  asso- 
ci.itio^i  at  Dakota.  III.  Two  projectors 
were  used  so  that  the  showing  was 
continuous.  The  entire  program  is 
.eaid  to  have  cost   in   rental   only  $10. 

*  * 

"In  Walked  Mary"  was  the  recent 
feature  at  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Coffeeville, 

Kansas. 

*  * 

The  high  school  of  Appleton,  Wis., 
Ls  using  motion  pictures  in  an  educa- 
tional way  to  supplement  the  work  in 
some   of  the   courses. 

*  * 

Feature  pictures  recently  exhibited 
by  the  Mothers'  Club  of  Karnes  City, 
Texas,  were  "Seventeen"  by  Booth 
Tarkington ;  Douglas  Fairbanks  in 
"Say  Young  Fellow,"  "Huckleberry 
Finn,"  Marguerite  Clark  in  "Seven 
Swans,"   and   'Treasure  Island." 

*  * 

Foster  Curry's  lecture  on  "The  Yose- 
mite  Valley  and  the  High  Sierras"  was 
illustrated  with  motion  pictures  at  the 
Los  Angeles  Athletic  Club,  Los  An- 
geles,  Calif. 

*  * 

The  Methodist  Oiurches  of  Biggsville, 
Gladstone  and  Olena,  III.,  are  showing 
motion  pictures  selected  by  the  princi- 
pals of  the  high  schools  in  those  com- 
munities, and  students  of  the  history 
and  literature  classes  attend  the  show- 
ings on  Wednesday,  Thursday,  and 
Friday  evenings. 

*  * 

"Parentage,"  a  six-reeler  whose  mes- 
sage comes  from  portraying  the  lives 
of  two  boys  reared  in  different  envi- 
ronments, was  a  recent  program  at 
the  First  Congregational  Cliurch,  of 
Springfield.  III.  "The  Courtship  of 
Miles  Standish"  has  also  been  booked. 


The  Crockett  School,  San  Antonio, 
Texas,  has  received  n.  gift  of  a  new 
1300  motion  picture  projector,  part  of 
which  was  paid  for  by  the  Parent- 
Teacher  Association  of  the  school.  His- 
tory and  geography  films  are  to  be 
screened  for  the  classes  of  the  fifth, 
sixth  and  seventh  grades. 

*  * 

The  Portland,  Oregon,  Cliamber  of 
Commerce  has  presented  to  the  Oregon 
Tourist  and  Information  Bureau  a  film 
descriptive  of  the  Columbia  River 
Highway,  which  has  been  exhibited 
throughout  the  state  of  Utah. 

*  * 

Col.  E.  A.  Havers,  traveler,  writer 
and  lecturer,  who  has  been  lecturing 
throughout  the  country  with  the 
Waterman  fountain  pen  film,  "The 
Evolution  of  the  Pen,"  will  make  his 
sixty-eighth  trip  abroad  this  summer 
to  continue  his  historical  research 
work. 

*  * 

The  science  and  penmanship  classes 
of  Piqim,  Ohio.  High  School  have  been 
using  telephone  and  handwriting  films 
in  connection  with  their  classroom 
work. 

*  * 

The  farmers  of  Hillsdale  County, 
Mich.,  brought  to  the  county  seat  films 
showing  tuberculin  tests  of  cattle  to 
convince  the  board  of  supervisors  that 
their  request  for  a  county  veterinarian 
was  Justified,  and  the  board  after  see- 
ing the  picture  granted  the  farmers' 
demand. 

*  * 

A  film  on  microscopic  life  called 
"Bacteria"  was  shown  recently  at  the 
Hay  Edwards  School,  Grand  Forks, 
N.  D.,  following  a  debate  in  the  audi- 
torium. 

*  * 

Rev.  Paul  B.  Rains,  of  the  depart- 
ment of  education  of  the  Disciples 
Church,  is  presenting  a  resolution  to 
all  district,  state,  and  provincial  con- 
ventions of  this  denomination  declar- 
ing that  the  people  of  this  church  will 
not  patronize  any  motion  picture  that 
depicts  crime  or  immoral  relationships 
which  undermine  the  home  and  social 
life.  The  resolution  further  states 
tli^it  church  members  will  encourage 
and  patronize  the  kind  of  pictures 
which  meet  with  their  moral  sanction. 


The  Alumni  Association  of  Nor 
Wales,  Pa.,  High  School  have  donatf 
to  that  institution  a  new  $350  motii 
picture  projector,  but  the  state  law  i 
garding  the  operation  of  motion  i^ 
ture  machines  on  the  second  floor  '» 
buildings  is  an  obstacle  to  its  u; 
which  must  be  overcome. 

*  * 

The  beautiful  scenics  and  excitii 
sports  shown  in  Sweden  in  Summi 
and  Winter,"  the  series  of  films  mac 
in  Sweden,  recently  concluded  a  su 
cessful  engagement  at  the  Mctropolita 
Theater,  Seattle,  Wash.  This  seri. 
was  recently  reviewed  in  this  magazir 
following  its  showing  at  the  Tow 
Hall,  New  York  City.  The  pictun 
were  also  shown  at  the  Kleine  Aud 
torium,  Duluth,  Minn. 

*  * 

City  milk  inspectors  in  Battle  Creel 
Adrian,  and  other  Michigan  cities  ai 
using  the  federal  Department  of  Ai 
ricuiture  two-reeler  on  the  inspectio 
of  milk  cows  to  determine  whothf 
there  is  danger  of  tubercular  infectioi 

*  * 

"How  Life  Begins"  and  "The  End  ( 
the  Road"  were  two  educationa 
shown  recently  at  the  Congregation! 
Oiurch,  Oconomowoc,  Wis.,  under  tl 
auspices  of  the  local  Parent-Teachf 
Association.  The  showings  were  undt 
the  direction  of  Miss  Martha  Rile 
who  is  in  charge  of  social  work  fc 
the  Wisconsin  State  Board  of  Healtl 
The  former  picture  was  shown  to  tt 
pupils  of  grammar  school  and  hig 
school,  teachers  and  parents;  the  la 
ter  to  adults  only.  No  admission  wa 
charged. 

*  * 

C.  H.  Griffey  superintendent  c 
schools,  Adrian,  Michigan,  is  showin 
motion  pictures  every  Friday  in  tli 
high  school  auditorium ;  in  the  aftei 
noons  for  children  and  evenings  fo 
the  general  public. 

*  * 

A  one  reel  safety  film  made  on  th 
streets  of  Portland,  Ore.,  by  the  polic 
department  was  used  by  Lieut.  Fran! 
Ervin  in  connection  with  his  lecture  fo 
women  automobile  drivers  entitlei 
"Hazards  of  the  Street."  This  wa 
the  fifth  of  the  series  of  safety  lecture 
conducted  by  the  local  chairman  of  th 
National  Safety  Council. 


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EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 
MAGAZINE 

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The  Teknagraph  As  a  Visual  Teacher 


By  J.  MiLNOR  DOREY 


Shooting '   Gorillas  with  a  Movie  Camera 


The  Educational  Film  Overseas 

(News  Letters  from  Our  Special  Correspondents) 


Motion  Pictures  in  the  Country's  Churches 


Pedagogical  Research  in  Visual  Education 

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ol.VI 


SEPTEMBER,  1921 


No.  3 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


DITORIAL    3 

Learning   by   Seeing 

NIVERSITIES  URGED  TO  ENTER  FILM  PRODUCTION 4 

VER  300,000  SAW  IOWA  COLLEGE  FILMS  4 

HE  TEKNAGRAPH  AS  A  VISUAL  TEACHER  5 

By  J.  Milnor  Dorey 

ISW  CAMERA  FILMS  OPERATIONS  FROM  ABOVE 6 

[QW  MOVIES  TRANSFORMED  THE  TAHITIANS 6 

SHOOTING"  GORILLAS  WITH  A  MOVIE  CAMERA 7 

Illuslmted 

EDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH  IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 8 

Edited  by  Maximilian   P.   E.   Groszmann,   Ph.D. 

HE  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  IN  ENGLAND 10 

By  B.  Allan 

a)UCATIONAL  FILM  NEWS  FROM  FRANCE. 11 

By  E.   Fletcher-Clayton 


EDUCATIONAL  FILM  NEWS  FROM  ITALY 12 

By  P.  Alliata 

MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  COUNTRY'S  CHURCHES 13 

REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 14 

Illustrated 

SUGGESTED  PROGRAMS  19 

INDUSTRIAL    DEPARTMENT    21 

Edited  by  Leona  Block 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 23 

Advertisements 


Loose-Leaf  Catalog.  .Inside  front  cover 

Henry    Bollman 2 

Fitzpatrick    &    McElroy 19 

Jawitz  Pictures  Corp 19 

Alexander    Film    Corp 20 

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Roder-Cowen  Service  Corp 22 

Picture    Service,    Ltd 23 

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MOUTH  HYGIENE 


qAN  educational  film  in  one  reel 
dedicated  to  the  interests  of 

Child  Welfare  and  Public  Health 


Directed  by  EDWIN  N.  KENT,  D.  M.  D.,  Supervisor  of  Mouth  Hygiene 
FOR  THE  MASSACHUSETTS  DEPARTMENT  OF  PUBLIC  HEALTH 


Barely   ten   per   cent   of   school 
children  use  a  tooth  brush! 


Ninety  five  per  cent  of  our  chil- 
dren have  dental  caries  (tooth 
decay) . 

«        «        « 

This  most  prevalent  of  all  human 
diseases  can  be  prevented  in 
a  majority  of  cases  by  proper 
application  of  the  principles 
of  mouth  hygiene. 
«        *        * 

Medical  practice  recognizes  that 
diseased  teeth  are  the  seat  of 
infections  which  are  directly 
responsible  for  serious  sec- 
ondary diseases  in  other 
parts  of  the  body. 
»        »        • 

The  film  MOUTH  HYGIENE  has 
been  produced  in  response  to 
an  insistent  demand  for  a 
modern  representation  of  this 
important  subject. 


The  author,  Dr.  Kent,  has  de- 
voted many  years  to  public 
educational  work  on  this 
subject. 


All  the  statements  represent  not 
one  man's  opinion,  but  the 
consensus  of  many  experts. 
The  text  contains  no  exagge- 
rated statements;  it  is  con- 
servative and  accurate. 


The  style  is  pleasing  and  interest- 
ing. 


EVERY   ESSENTIAL    OF 

MOUTH  HYGIENE  IS 

PRESENTED  ACCURATELY 


We  strongly  recommend  this  film 
as  an  efficient  medium  of  pub- 
lic health  education. 


NEIV  'PRINTS  FOR  SALE 


HENRY  BOLLMAN 

FILM  LIBRARY  SERVICE 

67  West  44th  Street  New  York  City 


JVe  also  offer  for  sale.  Films  on 
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Safety  First 

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Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  Y.  W.  C.  A.         | 
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Jell  ifu.  arirertiaer  f/nv  rfftd  bin  ad  in  Kdi'cationai.  Kii.m  Magazine — it  means  better  serviee  for  you 

2 


COVERINO  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS 

tgriculture  Communiti/  Oeography  Health   and  Sanitation     Religion 

iiiography  Current  Events       History  Industry  Pedagogy 

I  'ivies  and   Oovemment         Cultural  Home  Economics         Juvenile  Recreational 

Drama  Fine  Arti  Literature  Natural  History 


Established  January,  1919 


Scenic 
Science 
Sociology 
Technical 


Topical 


Travel 

Welfare 

Women 


Published  Monthly. 


DOLPH  EASTMAN.  Editor 


MABEL  G.  FOSTER,  Assistant  Editor 


-^ol.  VI 


SEPTEMBER,  1921 


No.  3 


LEARNING  BY  SEEING 

LEARN  by  doing"  has  become  the  accepted  slogan 
of  the  Froebellians,  the  Montessorians,  and  other 
protagonists  of  progressive  project  methods  in  edu- 
ation.  "Nothing  reaches  the  mind  and  the  heart 
f  the  child  like  the  actual  doing  or  making  of  a  thing  on 
lis  own  initiative  and  ingenuity,"  is  the  favorite  expres- 
ion  of  this  modem  principle  of  teaching.  Taking  the 
upil  to  see  the  thing  done  or  made  is  helpful,  they  admit, 
lut  the  soundest  pedagogical  precept  is  in  self-activity, 
ccording  to  their  dicta.  Self-activity,  these  teachers  main- 
ain,  demands  thought,  concentration,  working  out  of 
•roblems,  mental  and  physical  exercise  which  is  of  value 
a  later  life. 

Then  there  are  groups  of  teachers  who  will  not  or  can- 
lot  depart  from  the  old  formalisms  and  who  still  insist 
hat  learning,  instead  of  being  made  pleasant  and  painless, 
nstead  of  being  made  a  royal  road  to  everything  worth- 
irhile  in  life,  should  be  an  intellectual  ordeal,  an  inquisition 
if  mind,  body,  and  soul  through  which  only  the  hardiest 
an  pass  unscathed.  And  between  these  two  extreme  groups 
re  the  conservative  educators  who  are  neither  so  reaction- 
ry  as  to  be  willing  to  go  back  to  the  days  of  candlelit 
cholasticism,  nor  so  progressive  as  to  be  willing  to  go 
orward  to  the  days  of  short-cut  visualization.  Education- 
Uy,  they  are  stagnant;  and  stagnation  is  akin  to  death. 

But  even  the  educational  progressives,  making  a  fetish 
'f  self-activity  and  the  project  method,  look  askance  at 
he  motion  picture  and  even  the  still  picture.  Picture-study, 
hey  assert,  is  not  study  at  all ;  it  is  entertainment.  It  does 
ot  induce  self -thought  or  self-action,  they  declare;  it  has 
ot  the  mental,  moral,  and  physical  stimuli  of  doing  or 
aaking  something  useful.  Many  progressives  agree  with 
he  conservatives  and  the  reactionaries  that  the  educational 
nfluence  and  effect  of  the  motion  picture  are  not  lasting. 
.Ephemeral,  transitory,  illusory"  are  some  of  the  con- 
ijsmptuous  epithets  cast  at  the  film. 


There  is  yet  another  group  of  educators,  small  but 
growing,  who  are  so  enthusiastic  in  their  advocacy  of  the 
motion  picture  screen  that  they  lose  sight  of  certain  teach- 
ing fundamentals  which  have  never  changed  and  are  not 
likely  to  change.  These  enthusiasts  are  visionaries  who 
err  in  the  right  direction,  but  they  err.  With  Edison  they 
regard  the  film  as  the  be-all  and  the  end-all  of  the  solution 
of  the  problem  of  the  teacher,  the  taught,  and  the  method 
of  teaching.  The  fact  appears  to  be,  as  tests  without 
number  will  probably  disclose,  that  the  picture-method  is 
and  must  necessarily  be  a  part  of  the  educational  scheme 
and  not  the  whole  of  it.  Edison  was  right  in  declaring 
that  virtually  all  subjects  of  study  lend  themselves  to  film- 
ing and  screening,  but  wrong  in  his  generalization  that 
only  the  teacher  needs  the  textbook.  One  may  as  well  say 
that,  having  a  beautifully  colored  map  of  the  United 
States,  showing  its  growth,  dates  of  territorial  accessions, 
regions  of  fertility  and  productivity,  no  history  or  geog- 
raphy textbooks  would  be  needed  to  amplify  and  clarify 
the  lines,  figures,  and  colors  of  the  map. 

Scientific  research  and  the  minutiae  of  patient  scholarly 
investigation  have  not  up  to  the  present  been  applied  to  the 
film  or  even  to  the  slide,  to  any  appreciable  extent.  De- 
pendable data  are  lacking  upon  which  to  lay  down  peda- 
gogical formulae.  Independent  investigators  are  at  work, 
however,  including  our  own  research  committee,  and  in  due 
time  will  submit  facts,  figures,  data,  and  concrete  coimsel 
which  will  be  authoritative  and  which  will  be  accepted  by 
the  educational  world  as  sound  and  thoroughly  dependable 
bases.  Until  that  day,  which  we  hope  will  not  be  too  far 
distant,  one  man's  guess  or  opinion  is  as  good  as  another's. 
Preliminary  tests  and  experiments  seem  to  show  that  the 
pedagogical  value  of  the  film  is  primary  in  some  respects, 
secondary  in  others;  relative  in  some  things,  absolute  in 
others.  They  also  indicate  that  the  true  function  and 
application  of  the  film  are  supplementary  or  comple- 
mentary to  other  teaching  tools  or  methods  in  our  complex 
modem  systems  of  education. 


UNIVERSITIES  URGED  TO  ENTER  FILM  PRODUCTION 

Prof.  F.  W.  Reynolds,  President  of  National   Academy  of  Visual 

Instruction,  and  W.  H.  Dudley,  Past  President,  to 

Confer  with  Authorities  of  48  Largest 

American  Institutions 


VISITS  to  48  of  the  largest  universities  and  colleges  in 
the  country  for  the  purpose  of  conferring  with  educators  in 
regard  to  the  movement  to  bring  the  motion  picture  into  the 
school  room  as  a  vital  element  in  education,  will  be  made 
during  the  next  few  weeks  by  Prof.  F.  W.  Reynolds,  director  of  the 
University  of  Utah  extension  division,  and  president  of  the  Na- 
tional Academy  of  Visual  Instruction,  according  to  an  article  in 
the  Salt  Lake  City  News  of  August  3.  It  was  expected  that  Prof. 
Reynolds  would  leave  for  the  east  the  middle  of  August. 

The  interest  in  motion  pictures  throughout  the  country  is  such, 
Prof.  Reynolds  said  to  the  interviewer,  that  the  time  is  ripe  to 
bring  educational  films  into  the  schools  on  a  larger  scale  than  has 
ever  been  attemptpd  before.  Financial  interests  have  seen  the 
possibililies  of  the  educational  motion  picture  and  are  beginning 
to  exploit  the  field  for  purely  commercial  purposes,  according 
to  Prof.  Reynolds,  and  for  this  reason  one  of  the  principal  objects 
of  his  trip,  he  said,  will  be  to  urge  upon  the  educators  of  the 
country  the  necessity  of  interesting  themselves  in  the  production 
of  these  films  in  order  that  the  proper  supply  from  an  educational 
s  andpoint,  and  as  adapted  to  the  needs  of  the  schools,  may  be 
available. 

Prof.  Reynolds  declared  that  five  years  may  find  the  movies  in 
the  school  to  an  extent  hitherto  undreamed  of.  He  expressed  the 
belief,  however,  that  although  great  changes  may  come  about  in 


OVER  300,000  SAW  IOWA  COLLEGE  FILMS 

About  1800  Movie  Shows  Given  in  1920 — 600  Films  Distributed  by 
the  Visual  Instruction  Department  Last  Year 

TN  eight  or  ten  Iowa  towns  or  rural  communities,  every  night 

in  the  year,  movies  are  being  thrown  on  the  screen  from  films 

furnished  free  of  charge  by  the  extension  department  of  Iowa 

State  College.    They  are  carrying  constructive  messages  on  beter 

agriculture,   better  homes,   beter  health,   better    industry — better 

and  more  intelligent  living  in  all  its  many  phases. 

More  than  300,000  people  attended  the  performances  where 
these  films  were  shown  last  year.  The  actual  number,  according 
to  Charles  Roach,  in  charge  of  the  department  of  visual  instruc- 
tion at  the  college,  based  on  reports  from  the  people  in  charge  of 
the  performances,  was  301,517,  but  reports  failed  to  come  in  in 
more  than  300  cases,  so  the  total  is  probably  a  good  many  thou- 
sand larger.  Exactly  1,798  movie  shows  were  given  with  these 
films  last  year  and  the  average  attendance  was  about  165  people. 

In  most  cases  the  films  are  sent  out  on  circuits  made  up  of 
towns  or  communities  conveniently  located.  The  film  is  started 
at  one  end  of  the  circuit  and  makes  the  rounds  before  it  is  re- 
turned to  the  college.  But  in  hundreds  of  cases  films  are  sent 
out  upon  special  request  to  a  single  community. 

Schools,  churches,  farm  bureaus,  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  state 
institutions  are  the  chief  users  of  the  films.  But  any  organization 
can  secure  them  if  its  purpose  is  not  to  make  money  by  them. 
There  are  almost  600  films  on  file  in  the  office  of  the  visual 
instruction  department.  Not  many  of  them  are  owned  by  the 
college  for  funds  have  not  been  available  for  extensive  purchases. 
Many  of  them  are  loaned  by  industrial  concerns  and  a  few  by  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture. 

The  work  of  this  department  was  started  in  1914  with  about 
twenty-five  films.  In  1915  and  1916  231  exhibitions  were  given. 
Since  that  time  the  number  of  annual  exhibitions  has  increased 


educational  methods  as  the  result  of  motion  pictures,  the  scho 
will  not  become  centers  to  any  less  degree  of  real  academic  stu 
and  scholasticism. 

To  Submit  Report  of  Findings 

While  in  the  east  Prof.  Reynolds  will  meet  with  William 
Dudley  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin,  and  past  president  of  ^ 
National  Academy  of  Visual  Instruction.  Together  they  will  v^ 
the  various  institutions  and  seek  to  gather  plans  with  which  to  f(j' 
mulate  a  mode  of  procedure  for  bringing  the  motion  picture  iij 
the  class  room.  The  possibilities  of  cartoon  films,  the  ultj 
rapid  photography  which  reduces  the  speed  of  motion  and  othj' 
technical  phases,  such  as  the  supervision  by  educators  in  tj 
actual  filming  of  subjects,  will  be  taken  up  by  the  two  men.  11 
report  of  their  findings,  it  is  generally  expected,  will  be  awaitt 
with  interest  in  educational  institutions  throughout  the  countrj 

As  regards  the  work  which  is  being  done  in  the  state  by  I 
extension  division  of  Utah  university.  Prof.  Reynolds  pointed  o' 
that  by  the  use  of  lectures  only  8,000  persons  are  reach( 
monthly,  whereas  the  bureau  of  visual  instruction  brings  its  educ 
tional  films  in  contact  with  from  50,000  to  60,000  persons 
month.  Within  a  few  years.  Prof.  Reynolds  declared,  it  is  rea 
onable  to  believe  that  500,000  persons,  or  a  number  as  great! 
the  population  of  the  state,  may  be  reached  by  motion  pictur 
each  week. 


over  seven  times.  The  total  attendance  during  1917-18  was  63,41 
It  was  five  times  greater  last  year. 

Besides  the  film  service  the  visual  instruction  department  seni 
out  educational  slides.  Last  year  1,220  such  performances  we 
held  and  55,766  people  saw  the  slides. 

■b  Hi 

SUMMER  MOVIES  AT  MISSOURI  COLLEGE 
"TOURING  the  summer  just  closed  the  course  in  visual  edu 
tion  at  Southwest  Teachers  College,  Springfield,  Mo.,  gr 
in  popularity.  Ten  thousand  feet  of  instructional  film  wi 
screened  by  Professors  A.  P.  Temple  and  P.  E.  Andrews  for  I 
special  benefit  of  the  science  classes,  but  hundreds  of  stude 
from  other  classes  attended  the  exhibitions.  Movies  were  gii 
twice  a  week  during  the  term,  and  as  many  as  1,000  students 
tended  some  of  the  showings. 

Some  of  the  films  used  for  the  course  were  The  Benefacto 
two  reels  of  a  biographical  character  depicting  the  achievemen 
of  Edison;  two  reels  on  the  marvels  of  the  X-Ray;  Electricity  i 
the  Farm,  three  reels;  and  The  Evolution  of  the  Locomoliv 
giving  the  pictorial  history  of  this  invention  from  Stevenson 
early  model  to  the  giant  engines  used  on  the  Chicago,  Milwaub 
and  St.  Paul  railroad.  A  set  of  slides  depicted  various  principl 
of  electricity.  The  following  week  the  films  and  slides  cover* 
biology. 


WOMEN'S   CLUBS   PLAN   RURAL   MOVIES 

A  T  the  recent  meeting  of  state  presidents  of  the  General  Feder 
tion  of  Women's  Clubs  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  Mrs.  Wooda 
len  Chapman,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  community  servii 
through  motion  pictures,  said  that  the  federation  plans  a  fur 
which  is  to  be  established  in  each  state  for  the  equipment  of  mott 
trucks  with  motion  picture  projectors  to  carry  educational  pictur 
to  the  school  children  of  the  rural  districts. 


THE  TEKNAGRAPH  AS  A  VISUAL  TEACHER 


Animated  Technical  Drawings  the  X-Rays  of  the  Movies — Norfolk 

Engine  and  Contour  Maps  Typical  Instructional 

Subjects  of  This  Class 

By   J.    MiLNOR    DOREY 


THE  question  of  using  the  motion  picture  for  classroom 
instruction  no  longer  hinges  upon  what  various  theatrical 
films  contain  that  shed  light  upon  a  given  subject.  The 
educational  film  as  now  produced  exclusively  for  instruc- 
tional use  is  as  different  from  its  theatrical  forerunners  as  a  text- 
book is  from  a  novel  or  book  of  travel,  with  a  corresponding 
ratio  of  superiority  for  its  purpose.  More  than  this,  the  animated 
technical  drawing,  termed  the  teknagraph,  which  is  the  highest 
development  of  the  two  methods  employed  in  producing  the  new 
educational  film,  wherever  adaptable — and  the  extent  of  its 
adaptability  is  remarkable  indeed — takes  precedence  over  every 
other  method  of  instruction  concerning  the  unseen  or  hidden 
fimctioning  of  things  ordinarily  difficult  to  explain. 

To  many  this  seems  a  bold  statement.  But  a  brief  outline  of 
what  the  animated  technical  drawing  actually  does,  accompanied 
by  the  projection  of  a  representative  film,  is  convincing. 

There  is  a  marked  difference  between  some  of  the  principles  to 
be  followed  in  making  a  pedagogical  film  and  those  ordinarily  fol- 
lowed in  producing  an  entertainment  film.     The  entertainment 
film  does  not  have  to  repeat,  but  the  pedagogical  film  must.     A 
properly  made  pedagogical  film  must  hammer  its  message  into 
the  lowest  order  of  mentality,  and  do  it  without  becoming  bore- 
.  some  to  the  scholar  who  learns  most  easily.     The  handicap  im- 
!  posed,   however,   by   this   necessity   of  sustaining   interest   while 
repeating  action  for  the  benefit  of  the  slow-witted  is  more  than 
:  made  up  for  in  other  ways.    With  his  equipment  for  making  both 
I  the  best  of  natural  photography  motion  pictures  and  the  most 
f  elaborate   animated   technical   drawings,   which   includes   among 
\  other   things   the   ultra-speed    camera   and   the   microscope,    the 
'  motion  picture  engineer  can  represent  all  the  natural  elements, 
all  the  phenomena  of  nature.     Furthermore,  he  can  control  or 
>:  direct  these  elements  according  to  his  will. 

"Show  Me  How" 

Only  one  reason  is  now  given  for  making  educational  films 
for  pedagogical  purposes:  They  serve  the  purpose  extremely  well 
and  where  especially  required  are  better  than  any  other  method 
of  teaching. 

The  oldest  method  of  instruction  is  that  which  complies  with 
"Show  me  how". 

The  fundamentals  of  learning  have  always  been  wrapped  up 
in  "Let  me  do  it  myself." 

"I  didn't  see  how  you  did  it,"  "I  don't  yet  understand,"  "I 
forgot  how,"  and  "Show  me  again,"  are  as  old  as  language. 

But  until  the  new  educational  motion  picture  film  was  de- 
veloped, by  aid  of  technical  drawings  in  animation,  the  processes 
of  which  were  invented  by  J.  R.  Bray,  who  discovered  the  prin- 
ciple when  he  developed  and  patented  the  animated  cartoon,  how, 
for  example,  could  anyone  actually  "show  how"  the  blood  circu- 
lates in  the  human  body?  How  could  the  student  as  easily  find 
out — how  as  quickly  and  completely  understand  it?* 

For  another  example,  take  the  problem  of  the  United  States 
Navy  in  instructing  recruits  to  understand,  operate,  and  care 
for  the  common  type  of  marine  engine  used  to  drive  small  boats. 

*  The  author  of  this  article  is  evidently  not  familiar  with  the  remarkable 
■icroscopic  cinematography  in  Charles  F.  Herm's  film  "A  Microscopic  View  of 
the  Blood  Circulation,"  showing  actual  motion  photographs  of  the  blood  stream- 
ing through  the  blood  vessels,  the  arteries,  the  Teins,  the  capillaries,  etc. 
—Editor. 


"Show  me  how"  and  "let  me  do  it"  involved  laborious  individual 
instruction,  bolstered  up  with  a  handbook,  and  the  average  for 
making  the  instruction  stick  was  little  higher  than  the  altitude 
of  the  proverbial  grasshopper's  knee.  But  the  Bray  instructional 
film  on  the  Norfolk  engine  now  teaches  recruits  en  masse,  explains 
to  them  everything  about  the  engine  far  more  lucidly  than  was 
ever  imparted  under  the  old  system  at  its  best,  and  etches  a  chain 
of  "know  how"  impressions  so  deeply  in  their  gray  matter  that 
but  little  practical  demonstration  is  required. 

Just  as  the  mixing  of  gasoline  vapor  and  its  explosion  are  so 
completely  and  realistically  shown  in  this  film,  so  can  chemical 
actions  of  all  sorts  be  shown.  There  is  seemingly  nothing  hidden 
in  anatomy,  biology,  physics,  or  chemistry,  and  having  to  be 
explained  in  the  classroom,  that  the  teknagraph  or  animated 
technical  drawings  cannot  actually  show. 

To  begin  with,  the  motion  picture  obtains  the  maximum  of 
concentration  in  the  classroom.  This  is  due  primarily  to  two 
things:  To  the  lighted  screen  being  the  natural  center  of  interest 
of  the  darkened  room,  and  to  the  power  of  motion  to  arrest  and 
hold  attention. 

Next,  continued  concentration  of  the  mind  upon  the  motion 
picture  screen  is  easier  than  to  maintain  concentration  upon  a 
book,  and  it  is  easier  than  to  pay  attention  to  some  lectures. 
Motion  Photography  Plus  the  Teknagraph 

Beginning  here,  the  straight-photography  motion  picture,  with 
all  its  wonders  of  achievement,  has  gone  far  and  is  of  much  value 
as  an  aid  to  educators.  But  the  highest  type  of  educational 
film,  made  up  of  the  best  straight  photography  where  this  can 
be  used  to  advantage,  as  it  often  can  be,  and  combining  this  with 
animated  technical  drawings,  even  sometimes  made  up  entirely 
of  them,  has  gone  much  farther. 

Now  that  with  the  use  of  this  new  film  the  use  of  the  motion 
picture  for  actual  classroom  instruction  has  become  so  practical, 
indeed  for  a  great  deal  of  instructional  work  so  really  necessary, 
there  is  the  problem  of  obtaining  films  of  this  kind  that  are 
satisfactorily  representative  of  current  educational  practice. 
While  to  educators  this  may  seem  easily  possible,  on  the  other 
hand  a  producer  would  be  foolhardy  to  attempt  to  develop  a 
library  of  such  films,  so  broadly  handled  as  to  be  suitable  for 
use  throughout  the  country.  This  means,  therefore,  that  the 
development  of  the  use  of  educational  films  for  the  classroom 
required  the  fullest  cooperation  of  educators  and  their  encourage- 
ment of  the  National  Academy  of  Visual  Instruction  in  the 
pioneer  work  it  is  doing  in  this  field. 

Disregarding  the  problem  of  coordinating  educational  practices 
of  different  schools  and  colleges,  so  that  a  given  film  might  be 
circulated,  the  cost  of  producing  these  special  films  is  so  high 
that  they  could  not  be  produced  on  speculation. 

This  will  be  understood  when  the  methods  of  making  the  Bray 
animated  technical  drawings,  or  teknagraph,  are  explained. 
(Continued  on  page  24) 

Mb         \^ 

The  New  Era  Films  with  main  offices  at  21  East  7th  Street,  Chicago, 
III.,  and  branch  offices  at  3405  Olive  Street,  St.  I>ouis,  Missouri,  and  602 
Youngerman  Buildinp,  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  has  incorporated  under  the 
laws  of  tlH  State  of  Illinois  with  an  authorized  capital  of  $75,000.  The 
names  of  Pic  officers  of  the  company  are  given  as  follows:  John  F.  Bur- 
horn,  president;  Bertram  Willoughby,  vice-president;  H.  C.  Mearns, 
secretarv-treasurer. 


NEW  CAMERA  FILMS  OPERATIONS  FROM  ABOVE 
Reels    of    1950    Feet    E^ch    Used    in    Apparatus    Which    Disturbs 

Neither  Surgeon  Nor  Patient 
A  CINEMATOGRAPHIC  achievement,  which  undoubtedly  has 
"^^  proved  epoch  making,  has  just  been  demonstrated  in  the 
great  charity  hospital  of  Berlin,  Germany,  in  the  presence  of 
prominent  physicians  and  journalists.  The  films  showed  every 
stage  of  half  a  dozen  operations,  including  an  operation  for  frac- 
ture of  the  patella,  one  for  the  extirpation  of  the  breast,  and  an 
operation  on  the  stomach  and  abdominal  cavity  as  performed 
by  men  like  Professor  Bier  and  Professor  Frankel. 

The  process  is  the  invention  of  Dr.  Alexander  von  Ruethe, 
chief  physician  of  the  Wilmersdorf  Hospital,  who  long  has  been 
working  with  the  assistance  of  the  Ministry  of  Education  and  the 
Cinematographic  Technical  Association  to  find  a  method  of  film- 
ing operations  which  should  show  every  motion  without  disturb- 
ing the  surgeon  or  employing  illumination  likely  to  counteract 
the  asepsis. 

The  lens  of  the  apparatus  is  contained  in  a  spherical  case  which 
is  suspended  directly  over  the  field  of  operation  and  the  film 
ribbon,  which  often  is  1950  feet  in  length,  passes  through  a  tube 
from  a  reel  in  an  adjoining  room. 

The  pictures  secured  show  an  operation  precisely  as  seen  by 
the  operating  surgeon's  eye.  Even  the  threads  of  the  closing 
stitches  are  observable.  Indeed,  the  films  give  a  more  faithful 
and  more  complete  picture  of  every  movement  than  can  be  seen 
by  those  around  the  operating  table. 

The  possibilities  of  the  films  for  teaching  and  for  making  it 
possible  for  surgeons  in  various  countries  to  study  one  another's 
technic  cannot  be  exaggerated,  in  the  view  of  leading  medical  men 
in  Berlin.  ^      ^ 

AMERICAN  FILMS  WITH  CHINESE  TITLES  FOR  CHINA 
A  SIX-MONTHS'  study  of  Christian  education  in  China  in  its 
relation  to  ChTnese  government  education  is  planned  by  the 
united  mission  boards  of  Canada,  England,  and  the  United  States. 
By  way  of  showing  Chinese  educators  the  undreamed-of  possi- 
bilities which  lie  in  the  use  of  motion  pictures  in  the  schoolroom, 
the  American  members  of  the  commission  have  taken  with  them 
a  number  of  representative  instructional  reels  produced  by  the 
Society  for  Visual  Education.  These  include  films  on  American 
history,  the  story  of  railroads  and  canals  in  America,  physio- 
graphic studies  of  the  Niagara  region  and  mountain  glaciers, 
reels  on  nature  study,  health  and  sanitation.  In  the  majority  of 
cases  the  titles  have  been  remade  in  Chinese. 

CAMIONETE  MOVIES  FOR  THE  FAR  EAST 
^F^HROUGH  the  liberality  of  a  group  of  Americans,  Britishers 
and  Japanese,  the  Bureau  of  Commercial  Economics  has  been 
provided  with  two  new  projection  trucks,  one  of  which  will 
circulate  throughout  Japan  including  Formosa,  while  the  other 
will  operate  at  Vladivostock,  Harbin,  Dalny,  Port  Arthur,  and 
intermediate  points.  Authoritative  American  and  British  films  on 
industry  and  agriculture,  trade  and  commerce,  travel,  public 
health  and  sanitation  will  be  shown.  The  films  will  be  titled  in 
Japanese  at  the  bureau's  studio  in  Japan.  They  will  be  shown 
free,  the  expenses  of  maintaining  the  service  having  been  sub- 
scribed for  a  period  of  two  years. 

»  f 
Miss  Muriel  E.  Bhkc  and  Gordon  Ferguson,  who  have  done  more  than 
anyone  else  to  develop  the  non-tlicntriciil  motion  picture  field  in  Canada 
and  who  organized  the  Canadiiin  Educiitionnl  Film  Service  in  Toronto, 
have  incorporated  the  business  under  the  name  Picture  Service  Limited, 
with  offices  at  78(5  Yongc  street,  Toronto.  Tliis  represents  the  first 
serious  effort  to  serve  the  schools,  churches,  clut)8,  industrial  plants 
and  other  institutions  of  the  Dominion  with  standard  film  subjects. 


HOW  MOVIES  TRANSFORMED  THE  TAHITIANS 

T^HE  greater  number  of  the  films  at  the  only  movie  theater  ir 
Parpeete,  Tahiti,  are  of  American  manufacture,  and,  as  the 
titles  are  in  English,  it  is  necessary  to  interpret  the  story  as  tht 
picture  proceeds.  The  one  who  performs  this  office  is  a  youn§ 
man  of  French  descent,  who  was  born  on  the  islands.  He  is  s 
master  of  the  Tahitian  language,  and  is  endowed  with  the  gift  ol 
eloquence — a  veritable  William  Jennings  Bryan  of  the  South  Seas. 

Standing  in  the  center  of  the  gallery,  he  plays  upon  his  audi- 
ence as  a  master  musician  upon  his  instrument,  rousing  them  to 
laughter,  plunging  them  into  despair  and  tears,  and  inspiring 
them  to  roof-shaking  cheers  as  the  emotions  of  the  pictured  actors 
ebb  and  flow. 

Motion  pictures  have  had  a  great  influence  in  changing  the  life 
on  the  islands.  They  have  brought  knowledge  to  the  natives' 
of  the  manners  and  customs  of  other  lands  and  have  changed 
the  Tahitian's  viewpoint  from  that  of  an  isolated  islander  to  the' 
broad  sapience  of  one  who  has  traveled  in  many  countries.  He 
has  seen  pictured  on  the  screen  all  the  achievements  of  the  white' 
man;  has  viewed  his  famous  cities;  has  been  instructed  in  his 
vanities,  and  therefore  no  longer  considers  himself  provincial. 

It  is  something  of  a  shock  to  the  average  visitor  who,  believing' 
the  hectic  tales  told  him  in  books,  expects  to  find  a  horde  of 
naked  savages,  but  is  met  instead  by  the  spectacle  of  brown 
women  in  Paris  gowns,  picture  hats,  and  high  heeled  shoes. 

w   w 

BANK  GIVES  MOVIE  SHOWS  TO  FARMERS 
"IDEALIZING  that  there  were  hundreds  of  children  and  adults 
in  adjoining  portions  of  the  state  who  had  never  seen  motion 
pictures,  the  First  National   Bank  of  Alva,   Oklahoma,  has  in- 1 
vested  in  a  portable  projector  and  is  giving  film  programs  to 
remote  communities  in  cooperation  with  the  county  agricultural 
agent.     Among  the  spectators  are  often  people  who  have  come  i 
fifty  to  one  hundred  miles  to  enjoy  their  first  movie.     The  pro- 
grams are  a  judicious  combination  of  films  on  agriculture  and 
natural  history,  secured  from  the  United  States  Department  of  • 
Agriculture;    travel;    current   events;    school    subjects    such    as 
history,  civics  and  geography;   and  entertainment  pictures.    The 
report  is  that  the  reaction  from  the  educational  pictures  is  just 
as  enthusiastic  as  from  the  purely  recreational  films.  j 

ETHICAL  M.  P.  SOCIETY  PLANS  EXPOSITION  ' 

'T'HE  Ethical  Motion  Picture  Society  of  America,  with  headquarters 
■*-  m  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is  sending  out  announcements  to  the  effect 
that  it  will  hold  a  movie  exposition  in  that  city  in  January,  1922.  The 
purpose  of  the  exhibits  is  declared  to  be  "to  inspire  better  film  stand- 
ards and  thereby  lay  deeper  foundations  for  the  most  phenomenal  in- 
dustry of  all  ages."  Educational  films  and  equipment  for  non-theatrical 
uses  will  be  represented. 


FILM  REVIEW  BOARD  FOR  OKLAHOMA  UNIVERSITY 

EDUCATIONAL  films  for  public  schools,  churches,  and  other  non- 
theatrical  organizations  will  be  furnished  by  the  University  of 
Oklahoma  extension  division,  visual  education  department,  according  to 
Prof.  J.  W.  Shepherd,  director.  Film  service  also  will  include  govern- 
ment and  industrial  reels.  F^ducational  films  are  to  be  correlated  with 
classroom  work  and  high  grade  entertainment  films  selected  and  passed 
by  a  university  board  of  review. 


SCHOOL  WORK  TO  BE  MADE  50%  EASIER,  SAYS  HAMMONS 

EDUCATIONAL  films  will  reduce  school  work  from  33  1-3  to  60  per 
cent,  E.  W.  Hammons,  of  New  York,  president  of  the  Educational 
Film  Exchanges,  Inc.,  declared  at  the  opening  of  the  fir.st  national  sales 
convention  of  the  corporation  in  the  Congress  Hotel,  Chicago,  recently. 
"Surgery  will  be  one  of  the  studies  that  will  benefit  by  the  "slow 
motion  picture,"  Mr.  Mammons  said.  "We  are  now  able  to  take  slow 
pictures  of  the  most  difficult  operations.  These  pictures  will  be  shown 
to  medical  students  throughout  the  country." 


iTt 


"SHOOTING"  GORILLAS  WITH  A  MOVIE  CAMERA 

Carl  E,  Akeley,  Inventor,  Explorer  and  Naturalist,  in  Cooperation 

with  American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  Penetrates 

African  Jungle  to  Study  and  Photograph  This 

Man-Like  Beast 

\  ARL  E.  AKELEY,  widely  known  in  the  scientific  field  as  tribes  to  beautiful  scenics  and,  most  spectacular  of  all,  The  Life 

a  hunter,  naturalist,  and  explorer  and  in  the  motion  pic-  of  the  Gorilla,  as  the  climax.    This  picture  not  only  will  be  of 

4     lure   field   as   inventor   of   the   Akeley   camera,   has    or-  popular  value  but  will  probably  be  one  of  the  most  valuable 

ganized    a    large    expedition    in    cooperation    with    the  scientific  and  educational  pictures  ever  taken. 

lean  Museum  of  Natural  History,  New  York,  to  penetrate 

the  untravelled  and  unknown  reaches  of  the  African  Congo  A  Day  in  the  Life  OF  a  Gorilla 

t  to  study   and   photograph  the 


IIIUIIlll. 

NATURAL  HISTORY 


'4' 


iiifiruinmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitumiiiiii 


la  in  his  secluded  abode, 
iborate  preparations  were  made 
he  assembling  of  complete  mo- 
picture  phoiographic  equipment 
as  has  never  before  gone  into 
a  or  any  other  field.  Mr.  Akeley 
three  Akeley  cameras  with 
s  for  telephoto  work,  as  well 
lecial  lenses  for  work  in  dense 
es  where  there  is  very  little 
He  also  has  designed  a  stereo- 
c  motion  picture  camera  for  his 
al  study. 

.  Akeley  is  the  one  man  who  is 
fitted  for  such  a  trip  as  he  has 
three  previous  trips  of  long 
ion  into  unexplored  parts  of 
a  and  knows  all  the  conditions 
combated.  While  on  the  last 
lition  he  joined  forces  with 
jsvelt  and  hunted  elephants  with 

Hon   the  Guash  N'Gisu   Plateau. 

'iJH  these  trips  he  has  done  ex- 
ire  photographic  work  with  both 
I  and  movies. 

iTiFic  Work  for  the  Museum 


jwas  on  his  last  trip  while  trying 

f  jJt  motion    pictures   out   of   the 

(ary  and  of  subjects  not  easily 

j  iiied  that  he  was  completely  stumped  by  the  limitations  of 

tandard   type   motion    picture   camera   which   he   had,    and 

I    an   inventor   of   no   little   ability   conceived   the   new   and 

principle  of  the  present  Akeley  camera, 
't  only  will  he  hunt  and  preserve  the  skins  and  skeletons 
'  irillas  for  the  museum  but  he  will  take  plaster  casts  of  the 
1  and  hands  and  of  the  body  before  and  after  skinning  to 
•ed  with  the  many  pictures  in  reconstructing  a  big  group 
!  museum. 

I.  Akeley's  wide  experience  in  photography,  his  vast  know- 
:  of  Africa  and  its  conditions,  and  his  reserve  information 
naturalist  fit  him  for  a  task  no  other  man  or  men  could 
take  with  equal  success,  and  the  motion  pictures  he  will 
a  of  these  man-beasts,  because  of  thoroughness  of  know- 
j  and  preparation,  should  startle  the  world. 
i  will  cover  all  phases  of  African  life  during  this  expedition 
I  nil  collect  everything  from  bird  and  animal  life  and  native 


pARL  E.  AKELEY,  inventor,  explorer,  naturalist,  sculptor, 
^  and  lecturer.  For  his  invention  of  the  cement  gun  he  re- 
ceived the  Scott  Gold  Medal  of  the  Franklin  Institute.  The 
Akeley  motion  picture  camera,  a  marvelous  instrument,  is  his 
invention.  As  a  taxidermist  and  animal  sculptor  he  stands 
in  the  front  rank.  As  a  naturalist  he  is  best  known  for  his 
studies  and  photographs  of  African  elephants  in  their  native 
wilds. 


In  these  pictures  Mr.  Akeley  will 
endeavor  to  show  the  daily  life  of 
a  family  if  possible,  or  individual 
gorillas  caught  at  opportune  moments 
in  their  daily  routine.  No  one  knows 
just  how  or  where  they  live,  how 
they  hunt,  what  food  they  eat,  and 
how  they  get  it.  It  is  known  from 
the  few  specimens  in  captivity  that 
they  are  very  affectionate,  throwing 
their  arms  around  the  neck  of  their 
keeper  in  a  human-like  way  and  re- 
sponding to  caresses. 

This  brings  the  touch  of  human 
interest,  which  is  always  the  keynote 
to  the  picture  and  makes  us  wonder 
how  near  like  us,  their  human 
cousins,  do  they  live  and  spend  their 
days.  Do  they  have  a  low  or  high 
form  of  social  organization  and  are 
the  males  bigamists  and  breed  to  any 
female  or  are  they  monogamists  and 
select  their  mate  like  the  Canadian 
goose  for  life,  never  to  mate  again 
even  though  death  takes  one  away? 

The  trip  will  take  nearly  a  year, 
as  after  he  arrives  he  will  spend 
some  time  testing  and  trying  out  his 
outfit  while  those  with  him  are  be- 
coming acclimated.  Progress  into 
these  deep  jungles  is  necessarily  slow, 
for  there  are  many  obstacles.  The  explorer  will  depend  mostly 
on  the  natives  for  his  success  and  therefore  must  gain  their  con- 
fidence before  he  can  penetrate  further  with  safety  and  success. 

When  actually  in  the  gorilla  country  he  will  have  to  live  with 
the  natives  and  hunt  with  them  in  their  primitive  way,  otherwise 
he  would  never  see  his  quarry.  To  attempt  to  enter  the  country 
of  such  wary  game  in  the  white  man's  way  with  a  big  expedition 
would  spell  defeat. 

These  beasts  are  of  such  tremendous  power  that  great  caution 
must  be  taken  for  the  defensive.  One  cannot  build  a  "blind" 
from  which  he  may  photograph  in  safety  as  he  would  when  going 
after  a  lion,  as  one  gorilla  would  demolish  in  a  few  seconds 
what  it  would  take  man  many  days  to  build.  Mr.  Akeley  is 
depending  on  his  knowledge  and  ability  as  a  hunter  to  steal 
his  way  to  their  very  lair. 

Once  there  he  will  concentrate  all  efforts  on  first  securing 
motion    pictures    with    his    noiseless    (Continued    on    page    24) 


IIINIIIMIIIIKItllllHrilMIMIIIIMIIM 


PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 


i 


IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


Edited  by  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  Ph.  D. 

Educational  Director  of  the  National  Association  for  the  Study  and 
Education   of  Exceptional  Children 


AT  the  last  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  Research  several 
important  points  were  discussed.  Dr.  Farnell  is  ready 
to  undertake  the  study  of  how  the  emotions  of  the  child 
can  be  trained  through  motion  pictures.  This  suggestion 
was  first  made  by  Dr.  Kempf,  and  Dr.  Farnell  will  cooperate  with 
him  and  others. 

One  member  called  attention  to  the  great  emotional  tension 
caused  by  the  serials,  especially  those  which  portray  thrilling 
and  exciting  dangers.  To  wait  an  entire  week  before  the  child 
will  know  how  the  hero  or  heroine  can  be  saved  from  awful 
danger  is  too  much  of  a  strain.  The  child  cannot  know,  as  per- 
haps an  adult  will,  that  many  of  these  thrillers  are  quite  arti- 
ficial, that  the  dangers  portrayed  are  far  from  being  so  terrible 
as  the  cunning  work  of  the  producer  makes  them.  Thus  the 
tension  is  so  much  greater. 

The  chairman  of  the  committee  has  undertaken  two  investiga- 
tions. One  has  reference  to  the  practical  results  obtained  in 
the  schools  of  New  York  by  the  introduction  of  motion  pictures. 
This  survey  is  undertaken  upon  the  suggestion  of  Dr.  Crandall, 
director  of  lectures  and  visual  instruction  of  the  New  York 
Board  of  Education.  Data  are  sought  to  show  what  is  the  per- 
centage of  success  among  those  pupils  who  have  had  the  ad- 
vantage of  visual  instruction,  notably  in  biology  and  geography, 
as  compared  with  the  success  of  those  who  did  not  have  this 
advantage.  A  larger  proportion  of  successful  students  would 
indicate  a  saving  of  money  in  the  per  capita  cost  of  instruction; 
this  money  can  be  safely  invested  in  extending  the  facilities  for 
visual  instruction. 

Another  investigation  is  concerned  in  the  relation  of  motion 
pictures  to  juvenile  delinquency.  Judge  Franklin  C.  Hoyt  has 
given  the  chairman  full  opportunity  to  examine  records  and  to 
cooperate  with  the  probation  officers  of  Greater  New  York. 

At  a  recent  meeting  with  these  officers  it  was  found  that  all 
of  them  are  anxious  to  make  a  clear  discrimination  between  the 
pictures  themselves  and  the  conditions  surrounding  their  pre- 
sentation. Few  data  exist  which  allow  safe  deductions  as  to 
the  effect  of  the  pictures  as  such.  As  far  as  they  are  concerned, 
most  of  the  officers  agree  with  the  contention  made  by  the  com- 
mittee chairman  several  months  ago  that  diflerent  racial  and 
environmental  groups  are  differently  affected.  That  some  pic- 
tures affect  some  children  unfavorably  is  generally  conceded; 
but  the  exact  facts  are  obscure,  as  yet.  Much  close  investiga- 
tion will  be  necessary  to  elucidate  the  situation. 

But  there  is  great  unanimity  of  opinion  in  regard  to  the  factors 
surrounding  the  presentation  itself.  Not  only  are  the  cheap 
places  very  unsanitary — ^the  seating  capacity  is  strained  to  the 
utmost,  aisles  and  seats  being  narrow,  and  ventilation  is  ex- 
tremely defective — but  the  moral  atmosphere  of  the  places  is 
unsafe.  They  are  a  lure  to  weak  characters;  they  are  used  for 
clandestine  meetings.  Idlers  and  degenerates  frequent  them  and 
come  into  harmful  contact  with  the  children  attending.  The 
owners  employ  various  unscrupulous  means  to  evade  the  law 
which  forbids  children  under  16  to  attend  these  places  without 
being  chaperoned  by  adult  companions.  Efforts  to  regulate  these 
conditions  have  not  met  with  much  success  as  there  is  lack  of 
cooperation  by  the  various  authorities  concerned. 


As  Thomas  W.  Churchill,  former  president  of  the  New  ,« 
Board  of  Education,  said  at  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Nat«i 
Motion  Picture  League:  the  fight  against  these  evils  caniji 
be  successfully  carried  on  when  the  Department  of  Buili 
Inspection,  the  Board  of  Health,  the  Board  of  Education  a 
all  those  other  departments  and  agencies  that  are  dealing; 
problems  of  this  kind,  unite  their  efforts  systematically.  i 

The  evil  surroundings  of  the  common  movie  shows  were-i 
demned  in  equally  strong-  terms  by  Col.  Coulter,  director  c  i 
New  York  Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Children  a 
Dr.  John  Davis,  Director  of  the  Department  of  Attendant 
the  Board  of  Education. 

Inquiries  among  the  officers  of  the  Parental  School  for  Trm 
at  Flushing,  L.  I.,  which  the  chairman  recently  visited  in  c 
pany  with  Mr.  McManus,  chief  attendance  officer,  revealed! 
wise  that  no  definite  data  are  available  to  prove  that  rati 
pictures  were  responsible  for  any  appreciable  percentag) 
cases.  This  does  not  mean  that  there  is  no  connection  betf 
vicious  pictures  and  juvenile  default;  but  what  there  is  1 
as  yet  not  been  definitely  ascertained  and  diagnosed. 

The   instructional   value   of  the   motion   picture   is   becoi 
more   and   more   appreciated.     The   Education   Bulletin   o 
Department  of  Public  Instruction  of  the  State  of  New  J 
publishes  an  extract  from  a  report  made  to  Superintendent 
Wilson,  of  Paterson,  by  one  of  his  principals,  in  which  he  sa 

"During  the  second  term  we  liegan  making  use  of  films  occasion!  v 
our  opening  exercises.  These  films  were  either  educational  or  f 
generally  one  reel  of  each.  Such  films  as  Coal  Mining,  the  Lumbi 
dustry,  Salmon  Fisheries  and  Canneries,  Candy  Making,  the  Maki( 
an  Automobile  Wheel,  the  Yosemite  Valley,  Hawaii,  the  Carl 
Rockies,  Colorado  Canyon,  etc.,  have  been   shown. 

"When  the  lumber  industry  and  the  automobile  industry  reels  ■' 
shown,  the  manual  training  class,  an  upper  grade  from  School  No.  " 
invited  to  see  the  picture. 

"These  pictures,  after  being  shown  in  the  assembly,  became  a  si 
for  later  discussion  in  the  classrooms,  and  facts  historical  and  geogil) 
cal  were  looked  up  and  in  many  cases  formed  the  subject  for  con,' 
tions.  There  is  a  great  future  for  the  schools  in  the  wise  use  of 
educational  films,  and  it  would  be  of  great  value  to  the  system  in  g» 
could  the  U|iper  grades  in  other  schools  where  there  is  no  equipmei 
showing  such  picttires  be  gathered  together  with  our  own  pupils  foi 
visual  instruction.  I  find  that  this  visual  instruction  frequently  i 
a  more  direct  appeal  than  anything  else  we  can  do.  This  is  partic 
true  of  the  in(]ustrial  pictures,  such  as  Coal  Mining,  the  Lumber  I 
try.  Glass  Making,  etc." 


INSTRUCTIONAL    FILMS    IN    NEW    YORK    SCHO 

Interesting    and    Significant    Facts    and    Figures    in     Repor 
Curriculum  Committee  for  Last  School  Year 

IN  the  report  of  the  Curriculum  Committee  of  the  New 
Visual  Instruction  Association,  Rowland  Rogers,  chair 
for  the  school  year  1920-1921,  some  interesting  and  si 
cant  facts  are  brought  out. 

Two  regular  courses  of  instruction  were  supplemented  b; 
use  of  motion  pictures:  biology  and  the  United  States  geogn 
The  films  employed  were  "makeshifts,"  not  specially  made 
into  existing  courses  but  gathered  from  collections  of  theal 
producers.  The  report  states  that  "films  specially  designee 
instruction  would  be  fifty  per  cent  more  effective  than  the  pic 
used."  The  work  will  be  expanded  during  the  coming  school 


1  Public  School  62,  New  York  City,  Joseph  J.  Weber,  a 
iuale  student  of  Columbia  University,  and  a  member  of 
CATiONAL  Film  Magazine's  Committee  on  Pedagogical  Re- 
ch  in  Visual  Education,  made  some  interesting  studies  with 
nth  grade  pupils.  About  500  children  were  experimented 
a.  Group  A  received  only  oral  instruction.  Group  B  had 
ve  minutes  of  movies  followed  by  oral  teaching.  Group  C 
reversed — oral  teaching  followed  by  motion  pictures.  The 
ils  were  shifted  so  that  the  same  children  were  in  different 
ips  at  different  times.  Group  B  students  were  found  to  pass 
ninations  averaging  22  per  cent  higher  than  those  receiving 
instruction  alone.  Group  C  averaged  below  Group  B,  but 
a  than  15  per  cent  above  Group  A. 

be  report  calls  attention  to  "the  woeful  lack  of  films  suitable 
instructional  purposes"  and  hopes  that  "specially  designed 
■uction  pictures  will  be  available  for  the  New  York  schools." 
rief  reports  of  the  committees  on  continuation  schools,  domes- 
science,  nature  study,  physical  training,  civics,  and  English 
included  in  the  general  report  of  the  curriculum  committee, 
se  subcommittees  did  little  more  than  view  films  and  discuss 
r  possible  use  in  the  schools.    The  report  concludes: 

.  .  the  use  of  films  under  the  present  plan  is  proving  not 
■  of  definite  value  but  educationally  sound.  The  school 
)le  who  have  been  using  it  give  their  one  hundred  per  cent 
;  >rsement."  (H'      5I|" 

CRIME  AND  THE  xMOVIES 

|R.  A.  T.  POFFENBERGER,  of  Columbia  University,  con- 
f  tributes  an  article  to  The  Scientific  Monthly  in  which  he 
points  out  that  the  classes  most  likely  to  be  influenced 
ivorably  by  ill-chosen  motion  pictures  are  children  and  the 
tally  weak  who  differ  from  the  ordinary  adult  by  their 
tter  suggestibility.  He  considers  the  problem  a  psychological 
He  maintains  that  the  problem  of  the  mentally  retarded 
Hdual  is  essentially  the  same  as  that  of  the  normal  person 
lounger  years.    He  says: 

Jtfotion  pictures  containing  scenes  vividly  portraying  defiance 
nw  and  crimes  of  all  degrees  may,  by  an  ending  which  shows 
hriminal  brought  to  justice  and  the  victory  of  the  right,  carry 
loral  to  the  intelligent  adult;  but  that  which  impresses  the 
H  of  the  mentally  young  and  colors  his  imagination  is  the  ex- 
;aent  and  bravado  accompanying  the  criminal  act,  while  the 
tal  goes  unheeded.  Their  minds  cannot  logically  reach  the 
frlusion  to  which  the  chain  of  circumstances  will  drive  the 
<nal  adult." 

•his  argument  seems  conclusive,  and  yet  it  is  misleading.   The 

(er  has  never  consented  to   a  comparison  of  the  child  to  a 

Active  adult,  and  the  records  of  children's  courts  do  not  bear 

I  the  contentions  of  Dr.  Poffenberger.     There  is  tbe  statement 

'le  chief  probation  officer  of  the  Children's  Court  of  the  City 

Wew  York.     He  told  the  writer  that  of  7000  cases  on  record 

!>■  an  infinitesimal  percentage  indicated  the  bad  effect  of  mo- 

,-  pictures  claimed  by  some  of  their  critics.    There  were  more 

IS  whose  troubles  could  be  traced  back  to  their  attendance  at 

'ion  picture  houses;  but  this  was  due  not  to  the  pictures  them- 

58  but  to  the  bad  environmental  conditions  under  which  the 

■  ares  were  shown. 

'ith  the  help  of  Mr.  Fagan  and  the  Presiding  Judge  of  the 
:<rt,  Hon.  Franklin  K.  Hoyt,  a  more  searching  investigation 
;i  soon  be  instituted. 

■  1  her  arguments  against  the  institution  of  a  state  censorship 
novies,   Mrs.   Moskowitz,   the   well-known    chairman    of   the 

>:eation  Committee  of  the  Women's  City  Club,  New  York, 
rte  these  interesting  and  instructive  remarks: 


COMMITTEE  ON  PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH 

IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 

Working  under  the  auspices  of 

Educational  Film   Magazine 

Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszman,  Ph.  D.,  Chairman,  107  West 
87th  Street,  New  York. 

Lawrence  Augustus  Averill,  Ph.  D.,  Prof.  Mass.  State 
Normal  School,  Worcester,  Mass. 

A.  G.  Balcom,  Assistant  Supt.  of  Schools,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Dr.  A.  A.  Brill,  1  West  70th  Street,  New  York. 

Hon.  Charles  L.  Brown,  President  Judge,  Municipal  Court, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  of  Motion  Pictures, 
General  Federation  of  Women's  Clubs,  220  West  42nd 
Street,  New  York. 

Ernest  L.  Crandall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Visual  In- 
struction, Board  of  Education,  157  East  67th  Street, 
New  York. 

Dr.  Frederick  J.  Famell,  219  Waterman  St.,  Providence,  R.I. 

Dr.  G.  Clyde  Fisher,  Associate  Curator,  Am.  Museum  of 
Natural  History,  New  York. 

Dr.  T.  W.  Galloway,  Associate  Director,  Dept.  of  Educa- 
tional Activity,  The  Am.  Social  Hygiene  Ass'n,  105 
West  40th  Street,  New  York. 

Charles  F.  Herm,  Harrison,  N.  Y. 

Hon.  Franklin  K.  Hoyt,  Presiding  Judge,  Children's 
Court,  New  York. 

Dr.  Huber  W.  Hurt,  Scout  Executive,  Boy  Scouts  of  Amer- 
ica, 203  South  Dearborn  Street,  Chicago. 

Dr.  Edward  J.  Kempf,  100  West  59th  Street,  New  York. 

Prof.  James  E.  Lough,  Extramural  Division,  New  York 
University,  Washington  Square,  New  York. 

Everett  Dean  Martin,  Director,  Cooper  Union  Forum  of  the 
People's  Institute;  Chairman,  The  National  Bd.  of 
Review,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

Prof.  J.  L.  Meriam,  University  of  Missouri,  Columbia,  Mo. 

Geo.  E.  O'Dell,  Ethical  Society,  All  Souls  Church,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich. 

Dr.-  A.  M.  Rabiner,  354  So.  Third  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Rowland  Rogers,  Vice-Pres.,  Picture  Service,  Inc.;  Chair- 
man, Curriculum  Committee,  N.  Y.  Visual  Instruction 
Ass'n,  51  East  42nd  Street,  New  York. 

Dr.  Alfred  H.  Saunders,  The  Educator's  Cinematograph 
Co.,  70  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 

J.  W.  Shepherd,  Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  University 
of  Oklahoma,  Norman,  Okla. 

David  R.  Sumstine,  Ph.D.,  Principal  Peabody  High  School, 
Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Joseph  J.  Weber,  195  Claremont  Avenue,  New  York. 

William  Wesley  Young,  The  Friar's  Club,  New  York. 


"When  we  talk  about  the  effect  of  motion  pictures  upon 
children  I  think  we  are  sometimes  too  self-conscious.  I  do  not 
believe  that  films  teach  crime  any  more  than  do  the  Sunday 
papers.  Boys  go  through  a  period  of  boisterousness  and  vul- 
garity which  they  learn  from  pictures  both  in  papers  and  on  the 
screen,  and  their  parents  suffer  agonies  for  a  few  months,  and 
then  it's  all  forgotten — that  has  been  my  experience.  It  is  far 
more  a  matter  of  vulgarity  and  bad  taste  than  crime  and  loose 
sex  morality.  I  don't  believe  a  boy  entered  a  life  of  crime  be- 
cause of  what  he  saw  at  the  picture  show,  where  I  have  found 
usually  a  poetic  justice  meted  out  to  criminals.  And  as  for  the 
sex-problem,  my  sixteen-year  old  son  is  just  bored  with  pictures 
that  deal  with  it,  and  my  twelve-year  old  calls  it  'mush.'  They 
both  prefer  the  Wild  West  shows,  and  will  continue  to  do  so, 
whatever  the  self-appointed  reformers  may  do  in  their  behalf." 
(Continued  on  page  18) 


THE  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  OVERSEAS 


THE  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  IN  ENGLAND 

An  Almost  Virgin  Field — "Authorities  Willing  to  Use  the  Film  If 
They  Are  Shown  How" — As  to  Industrials 

By  B,  Allan 

Special   Correspondent   for   Educational    Film    Magazine 


London,  England,  August  15,  1921. 

SO  far  as  the  educational  film  is  concerned,  the  British  Isles 
present  an  almost  virgin  field  to  a  pioneer,  from  whatever 
part  of  the  world  he  may  hail,  who  has  the  energy  and  the 
financial  resources  properly  to  cultivate  it.  So  cultivated, 
it  is  my  opinion  that  it  will  yield  a  rich  crop  in  a  comparatively 
short  space  of  time,  for  every  recent  expression  of  responsible 
opinion  goes  to  show  that  the  teaching  film  will  now  be  welcomed, 
even  in  the  most  conservative  circles,  if  the  task  of  organization 
is  taken  off  the  shoulders  of  the  educationists. 

Prejudice  has  well  nigh  disappeared;  there  is  a  positive  eager- 
ness to  see  the  film  employed  for  educational  purposes;  but — and 
this  is  the  essence  of  the  matter — if  educationists  are  left  to  create 
their  own  producing  and  distributing  system  they  will  be  a  long 
time  about  it.  But  if  they  are  not  asked  to  be  producers  they  are 
willing  to  be  good  customers  now.  To  supply  their  needs  will 
take  a  big  capital  investment  and  call  for  the  exercise  of  a  certain 
amount  of  patience,  for  the  need  of  propaganda  has  not  yet 
passed;  but  to  a  long-sighted  business  man  the  investment  will 
be  an  excellent  one. 

"Educational  Matinees"  at  Local  Theaters 
The  essence  of  the  situation  is  that  there  has  been  no  real 
organization  of  the  non-theatrical  field.  One  or  two  organiza- 
tions, of  which  the  Church  Pictorial  Movement  and  the  Com- 
munity Motion  Picture  Bureau  are  typical,  have  aimed  to  get 
out  films  of  a  semi-educational  nature  in  special  exhibition,  but 
they  appear  to  aim  chiefly  at  the  improvement  of  entertainment 
material,  and  the  real  educational  film — the  subject  which  shall 
be  as  distinctly  an  instrument  of  instruction  as  a  text  book — is 
apparently  outside  their  scope.  British  schools  are  still,  with 
very  few  exceptions,  closed  to  the  film  and  the  latest  development 


general  effect  will  be  to   increase  the  child's  fund  of  genti 
knowledge  and  to  awaken  his  or  her  mind.  ^ 

Educationists  in  a  Receptive  Mood  " 

Definite  instruction  by  film  is  another  matter.  Possibly  it  ^1 
be,  for  some  time,  limited  to  higher  grade  schools  and  to  scieni 
subjects,  in  which  it  can  replace  many  imperfectly  formed  dem 
strations  with  a  vast  gain  to  all  concerned.  But  the  field  wl 
can  be  covered  by  the  film  is  almost  illimitable  and  once 
schools  have  their  apparatus  its  development  should  not  sli 
great  difficulty.  The  problem  is  either  to  get  the  apparatus  i 
the  schools  or  to  get  the  schools  and  their  pupils  regularly: 
attend  a  central  institution  where  adequate  apparatus  and  an  < 
tensive  library  of  films  are  at  hand. 

There  is  a  hint  here  for  a  man  with  imagination,  for  undou 
edly  our  authorities  are  willing  to  use  the  films  if  they  are  shd 
how.  The  provision  of  easy  facilities  at  one  or  two  typ  i 
centers  might  provide  the  push  which  would  start  the  educatici 
film  on  a  successful  career  in  this  country. 

Something  was  planned  in  this  direction  in  the  medical  f( 
a  year  or  more  ago,  when  the  Clinical  Film  Company  i 
founded,  and  a  scheme  for  an  Institute,  which  would  hire  i 
films  to  its  members  (medical  men  and  students)  and  also  j- 
vide  a  theater  for  their  display,  was  announced.  I  have  not  he  i 
how  it  has  developed,  but  it  was  undoubtedly  a  promising  eff  I 
in  a  field  in  which  the  kinematograph  can  be  of  exceptional   e 

Outside  the  schools  films  have  been  used  for  educational  ]r 
poses  to  a  limited  extent,  particularly  in  connection  with  ii 
social  evil.  The  End  of  the  Road  and  other  films  formed  paul 
this  campaign,  but  a  mistake  was  made  in  issuing  them  to'i 
regular  exhibitor.  The  result  of  protests  was  that  the  Exhibit  i 
Association  adopted  a  resolution  to  show  only  films  passedp 


in  the  campaign  to  reach  the  child  has  been  the  institution  of     the  British  Board  of  Censors  which  refuses  to  consider  prii 

U       1  .•  1  .-  57         .      1  1      .1  .  rni    .         .  .  „ 1„      CI _»     _11  Tl CI .1 IJ     1 1 • !. 


■'educational  matinees"  at  local  theaters.  This  is  an  experiment 
which  promises  to  show  useful  results,  but  the  cost  though  small 
has  been  a  stumbling  block.  The  educational  authorities  are  in- 
disposed to  meet  it  and  the  exhibitor,  though  he  is  prepared  to 
forego  profit,  cannot  be  expected  to  be  out  of  pocket  on  the  ex- 
periment, however  well  disposed  to  it.  It  is,  however,  an  encour- 
aging sign  that  Education  Committees  are  greatly  interested  in 
these  matinees.  The  Hornsey  (London)  body  was  greatly  con- 
cerned in  a  series  held  in  its  district  and  the  London  County 
Council  has  been  asked  to  appoint  a  committee  to  discuss  the 
introduction  of  the  film  to  the  actual  classroom. 

These  developments  have  given  rise  to  extensive  comment  in 
the  general  press  and  also  in  the  teachers'  specialist  papers,  which 
reflect  a  general  desire  for  "film  lessons"  and  a  general  opinion 
that  they  should  be  supplementary  to  the  ordinary  instruction. 
This  suggests  that  the  first  general  experiment  made  in  connection 
with  elementary  education  will  take  the  form  of  out-of-school 
attendance  at  local  theaters  to  see  special  programs,  with  appro- 
priate comments  from  a  lecturer.  But  these  will  not  be  teaching 
films  in  the  strict  sense;  they  will  be  travel  and  science  lengths — 
superior  examples  of  the  ordinary  production  —  of  which  the 


ganda  films  at  all.     These  films  should  have  been  given  sp 
exhibition,  and  in  the  few  cases  in  which  they  were  so  shi 
they  no  doubt  did  a  certain  amount  of  good. 

Generally,  propaganda  of  this  type  should  be  dissociated 
profit-making.  For  a  time  the  "sharp"  section  of  the  Bi; 
trade  concentrated  on  this  type  of  film  because  it  was  (j 
reason)  supposed  to  have  a  suggestive  appeal  to  the  worst  pn| 
and  the  more  unscrupulous  exhibitor,  who  exploited  it  i 
"Adults  Only"  announcements.  ' 

Great  Activity  in  the  Industrial  Field 

In  the  industrial  (advertising)  film  field  there  has  been  gi 
and  to  a  certain  degree  undesirable  activity  of  late.  ExhibiiJ 
for  the  most  part  resent  the  advertising  film,  even  when  they  ' 
offered  good  payment  to  show  it,  and  there  is  very  little  di 
that  the  public  is  of  the  same  opinion.  So  far  as  manufactu  rs 
wish  to  employ  the  film  as  a  means  of  educating  the  public  to  n 
value  of  their  goods,  they  will  have  to  do  so  through  free  f  '■ 
bition;  the  majority  of  regular  theaters  are  likely  to  rarii 
closed  to  such  subjects. 

Lastly,  the  film  as  commercial  traveler  is  slowly  showing  s  n 


10 


of  catching  on,  and  there  have  recently  been  steps  taken  to  pro- 
vide small  portable  outfits  with  which  a  traveler  can  demonstrate 
factory  processes  to  a  "prospect."   The  introduction  of  films  into 
I  factory  life,  as  a  part  of  welfare  activity,  though  it  has  not  pro- 
ceeded to  the  same  stage  as  with  you,  has  interesting  possibilities. 
:    Its  drawback  is  that  welfare  itself  is  less  fashionable  than  during 
(  the  war.    But  it  is  not  dead,  and  with  the  return  of  normal  con- 
:   ditions  should  open  a  further  profitable  field  to  the  producer  of 

non-theatrical  films. 

I       What  Britain  wants  above  and  before  all  is  instruction  in  the 

:   manifold  social,  recreative,  and  educational  purposes  which  can 

be  served  by  the  film,  apart  from  the  entertainment  it  purveys  in 

the  regular  theaters,  and,  after  education,  organization,  so  that 

these  advantages  may  be  secured  either  cooperatively  or  through 

i  a  business  concern  at  a  reasonable  cost. 

Movies  Americanizing  English  Children 
English  children  rapidly  are  becoming  Americanized  through 
.  seeing  nothing  but  American  motion  pictures,  is  the  contention 
j  of  A.  G.  Granger,  manager  of  an  educational  picture  series,  who 
(  holds  that  film  education  ought  to  be  part  of  every  school  cur- 
riculum. 

"Millions  of  children  go  to  the  pictures  regularly,"  he  said  to 
i  an  interviewer.  "In  American  films  no  opportunity  is  lost  to  in- 
;  troduce  the  American  flag;  American  motors  are  shown  and 
,  popularized;  American  ideas  in  dress,  furniture,  habits  and 
{  customs  are  continually  being  placed  before  the  children,  with 
the  result  that  they  know  more  about  Lincoln  and  the  civil  war 
than  about  Oliver  Cromwell  and  Nelson. 

"Whence  did  the  fashion  for  bobbed  hair  come?  From  America 
liv  wav  of  the  film,"  he  added. 

All  English  teachers  favor  introducing  films  into  schools,  Mr. 
j  Granger  says. 


EDUCATIONAL  FILM  NEWS  FROM  FRANCE 

Drawing  of  the  Human  Figure  in  Action  Taught  by  the  Cinema 
"Passion"   ("DuBarry")   as  German  Propaganda 

By  E.  Fletcher-Clayton 

Special    Correspondent   for   Educational    Film    Magazine 

Paris,  France,  August  15,  1921. 

A  GREAT  efifort  is  being  made  to  revive  the  somewhat  lan- 
guishing cinematograph  industry  in  France,  and,  the 
first  step  being  to  awaken  the  government,  the  Confedera- 
tion des  Travailleurs  Intellectuels  (which  comprises  120,- 
000  members,  divided  into  80  groups)  held  a  special  demonstra- 
tion at  the  Salle  Marivaux,  on  June  15th,  for  which  invitations 
were  sent  to  every  member  of  the  Chamber  of  Deputies.  In  ad- 
dition to  a  large  attendance  of  deputies,  all  the  leading  photo- 
graphic chemists  and  scientists  were  present,  including  Louis 
Lumiere  and  Leon  Gaumont.  The  progress  of  development  of 
cinematography  was  exposed  upon  the  screen,  and  the  first  film 
taken  by  M.  Lumiere  in  1895  was  projected.  Although  in  the 
course  of  the  discussion  full  credit  was  given  to  Thomas  A. 
Edison,  and  to  William  Friese-Greene  of  London,  for  their  re- 
search work,  it  was  claimed  (as  it  always  has  been  in  France) 
that  M.  Louis  Lumiere,  aided  by  his  brother,  was  the  real  in- 
ventor of  the  cinematograph  camera  and  projector  as  we  know 
these  two  instruments  today.  Apart  altogether  from  possible 
controversy,  the  seance  was  highly  interesting;  the  following 
being  the  most  important  matters  to  report. 

Gaumont  Chronochrome  Films 
For  the  first  time  before  any  audience   (although  it  must  be 
noted  that  the  public  was  rigorously  excluded)    M.  Leon  Gau- 


mont exposed  his  process  of  cinematography  in  natural  colors. 
The  exact  nature  of  the  three  separate  color  screens  was  shown, 
also  the  pale  yellow  screen  upon  which  these  chronochrome  films 
were  projected.  The  colors  projected  were  orange-red,  greenish- 
yellow,  and  violet-blue.  Very  great  improvement  was  noticeable 
in  M.  Gaumont's  process,  and  especially  so  in  the  case  of  natural 
history  subjects.  In  fact,  the  opalescent  and  iridescent  colors 
of  the  wings  of  butterflies  were  so  wonderfully  rendered  that  the 
impression  on  the  eye  was  as  if  the  scren  itself  had  luminous 
properties.  In  the  case  of  flower  studies,  it  was  to  be  observed 
that  a  true  stereoscopic  effect  was  obtained. 

These  chronochrome  films,  however,  were  not  all  entirely  true 
to  nature,  and  this  was  especially  noticeable  in  the  films  show- 
ing landscapes  with  moving  figures.  Many  of  the  pictures  looked 
like  chromo-lithographs.  This  is  in  no  sense  to  belittle  so  mar- 
velous an  invention  as  the  Gaumont  process  actually  is,  but  M. 
Gaumont  himself  would  be  the  last  to  claim  absolute  perfection 
for  his  results.  The  utility  of  these  chronochrome  films  is  in- 
disputable; but  the  cost  of  production  is  prohibitive,  and,  at 
present  there  is  no  means  of  reducing  it. 

Pathe  Slow-Motion  Films 

Several  new  films  demonstrating  the  scientific  usefulness  of 
slow-motion  cinematography  were  shown,  including  the  wing- 
motion  of  birds  in  flight,  divers,  boxers,  horses,  etc.  The  inventor 
of  the  camera  which  takes  these  films  au  relentisseur  is  M. 
Labrely,  of  the  Pathe  laboratories  at  Vincennes.  The  great 
use  which  can  be  made  of  this  invention  in  the  teaching  of  science 
and  of  physical  culture  was  made  apparent  and  the  speaker, 
M.  Louis  Forest  (the  eminent  journalist  of  Le  Matin)  said 
that  as  many  as  5,280  separate  images  per  minute  could  be 
taken  with  M.  Labrely's  camera. 

Gaumont  "Filmsparlant"  (Speaking  Pictures) 

The  latest  development  in  the  synchronism  of  the  gramaphone 
reproduction  of  the  human  voice  with  the  movement  of  the 
mouth  of  the  speaker  (or  rather  with  the  projection  mechanism) 
was  demonstrated.  As  with  the  color  films,  this  other  process 
of  M.  Gaumont  showed  considerable  improvement  since  first 
demonstrated  a  few  years  ago.  One  could  hear  and  distinguish 
almost  every  word  spoken  by  each  of  the  deputies  whose  por- 
traits were  thrown  on  the  screen;  but  throughout  one  could  dis- 
tinguish the  habitual  scraping  noise  of  the  gramaphone  and, 
in  addition,  what  appeared  to  be  the  sound  of  the  operating 
camera.  Though  synchronism  of  sound  and  movement  was  per- 
fect, that  peculiar  tone  associated  with  even  the  most  perfect 
gramaphones  produced  an  efi'ect  which  left  much  to  be  desired. 
From  point  of  view  of  cinema  art,  the  demonstration  made  one 
feel  that,  after  all,  "the  silent  art"  had  better  remain  so.  In  addi- 
tion, the  different  voices  sounded  very  much  like  the  same  voice; 
and  one  is  led  to  the  conviction  that  the  teaching  of  languages 
by  "films  phonocinegraphiques",  which  has  already  been  tried 
in  France  by  way  of  experiment,  is  not  practicable.  As  in  the 
case  of  the  chronochrome  films,  the  cost  of  production  of  these 
speaking  pictures  is  prohibitive.  M.  Forest  made  the  remark  that 
a  run  of  20  meters,  lasting  for  one  minute,  cost  over  450  francs. 


Teaching  "French  History"  in  the  United  States 
BY  Means  of  German  Films 

Henri  Roussell,  author-producer  of  one  of  the  most  beautiful' 
and  ambitious  French  films  recently  produced,  "Visages  voiles- 
.  .  .  ames  closes,"  has  just  returned  to  Paris  after  a  tour  in  the- 
United  States  where  he  has  been  studying  production  methods.    Ini 


II 


an  article  specially  contributed  to  Comoedia,  the  theatrical  paper, 
he  bitterly  complains  about  what  he  says  is  the  American  accep- 
tance of  the  German  film  La  Dubarry,  re-titled  Passion,  as  a 
subject  for  teaching  history  in  the  schools.  Any  Frenchman 
who  has  seen  the  film  Passion,  or  any  student  of  French  history 
who  has  the  smallest  capacity  for  real  understanding  who  may 
have  seen  this  production,  cannot  deny  that  it  is  one  of  the  most 
absurd  film  travesties  of  the  early  French  Revolution  period  that 
has  ever  been  conceived.  Only  a  German  mind  could  contrive 
such  a  performance,  ridiculous  as  it  is  misleading. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  Italian  film  producers  have  made 
films  of  what  purport  to  be  passages  in  French  history,  notably 
Madame  Tallien  or  Robespierre  as  it  was  called  when  shown 
in  England.  There  is  no  question  as  to  these  films  being  works 
of  art,  and  if  sometimes  inaccurate  they  are  never  grotesquely 
misleading,  and  intentionally  so,  as  is  the  case  with  the  film  La 
Dubarry.  In  the  mind  of  M.  Henri  Roussell,  and  in  that  of  many 
other  eminent  Frenchmen,  such  films  as  this  one  are  deliberately 
designed  not  as  reasonable  entertainment,  or  as  being  useful  for 
teaching  history  in  schools,  but  as  propaganda  calculated  to  be- 
little France  in  the  minds  of  people  of  other  nationality. 

The  Cinema  at  the  Ecole  Nationale  des  Arts  Decoratifs 

M.  Bruneau,  professor  of  decorative  design  and  painting  at 
the  National  School  of  Decorative  Art,  Paris,  recently  gave  a 
demonstration  before  M.  d'Arsonval  president  and  members  of 
the  Institute  of  Psychology,  of  his  method  of  teaching  the  draw- 
ing of  the  human  figure  in  action  by  means  of  the  film.  The 
method  is  to  pass,  for  example,  upon  the  screen,  the  figure  of 
a  man  walking;  the  band  of  film  being  several  repetitions  of  the 
same  few  meters,  showing  the  same  actions  over  and  over  again. 
While  the  film  is  being  shown  the  students  are  advised  to  notice 
particularly  all  lines  which  fall  in  an  oblique  direction,  such 
as  would  in  this  case  naturally  indicate  the  movement  of  the 
legs  and  the  accompanying  swing  of  the  arms.  The  film  is 
shown  for  three  or  four  minutes  and  then  the  lights  are  turned  up 
and  the  students  at  once  commence  to  draw  from  memory  what 
they  have  seen  on  the  screen.  Five  minutes  time  is  allowed,  and 
not  more;  because  it  has  been  found  that  the  sustained  energy 
will  not  allow  for  more  without  it  occurring  to  the  students  to 
add  touches  which  are  purely  imaginative — which  is  not,  of 
course,  the  object  of  the  study. 

I  have  myself  seen  some  of  this  work,  photographed  and 
thrown  upon  the  screen  to  the  same  scale  as  that  of  the  film 
from  which  these  sketches  were  memorised.  The  drawings  were 
in  almost  every  case  most  remarkable,  and  it  seemed  incredible 
that  they  could  have  been  done  by  children  of  only  8,  9  and  10 
years  of  age.  The  teaching  effort  of  a  week,  and  the  result  which 
one  might  hardly  expect  from  such,  seemed  to  have  been  con- 
densed into  these  few  minutes.  M.  Bruneau's  method  is  having 
very  influential  support  emd,  together  with  other  film  subjects  and 
teachings,  may  be  ratified  and  introduced  into  the  national 
schools  within  the  next  twelve  months. 

Astronomical  Instruction  Film  Crushed  Out  of  Existence 
BY  Government  Taxes 

A  very  ambitious  film,  The  Mysteries  of  the  Heavens,  planned 
and  carried  out  by  Louis  Forest,  though  an  immense  success 
from  the  point  of  view  of  education,  is  otherwise  a  forced  fail- 
ure. The  film  cost  200,000  francs  to  produce,  but,  despite  its 
success,  the  receipts  for  showing  it  permitted  only  the  regain- 
ing of  20,000  of  its  cost,  whilst  the  government  taxes  upon  the 
exploitation   reached    100,000  francs,   or   aa  much   as  half  the 


ive 


cost  of  production.  Thus  force  of  circumstances  made  it  neces 
sary  to  abandon  this  French  film  specially  made  for  the  widening 
of  public  instruction. 

EDUCATIONAL  FILM  NOTES  FROM  ITALY 

Latest    Developments    in   the    Studios — Dante's    "Divine    Comedy 
and  "Nero"  in  Course  of  Production 

By  p.  Alliata  M 

Special    Coirespondent    for    Edlcationai.    Film    Magazine  " 

Rome,  Italy,  August  15,  1921 

THE  application  of  the  cinema  to  educational  purposes  is 
becoming  more  popular  also  in  Italy.  Several  firms  have 
recently  turned  their  activities  towards  this  field  and 
amongst  them  the  following  are  dealing  exclusively  with  educa- 
tional films:  "Societa  Proiezione  Educative"  and  "Societa  Anon- 
ima  Commercio  Films  Educative",  both  in  Rome;  "Cinema 
Docet"  and  "Moretta",  Brescia;  "Nobilissima  Instruenda  Films", 
Naples. 

The  Tespi  Film  is  now  producing  a  big  feature  dealing  with 
the  most  important  episodes  of  Dante's  life  and  his  immortal 
poem  "The  Divine  Comedy".  The  title  will  be  The  Admirable 
Vision  and  it  will  be  a  production  of  great  artistic  value.  _^ 

Fox  Doing  "Nero"  in  Rome  " 

The  Ultra  Film,  which  was  formed  and  financed  by  Dr.  Stame, 
has  made  an  arrangement  with  Ernest  Shipman  of  New  York,  by 
which  the  company  will  produce  Italian  films  in  collaboration 
with  him.  They  are  now  at  work  in  their  studios  which  have 
been  considerably  enlarged  and  brought  up  to  the  most  moderi 
requirements  of  art.  The  Fox  Film  are  working  on  a  great  Rom 
picture  whose  title  will  be  Nero.  No  need  to  say  that  there 
a  great  expectation  as  to  what  this  film  will  be,  not  only  for  the 
great  care  that  has  been  given  to  the  study  and  preparation  of 
each  single  scene  and  the  most  accurate  selection  of  types  and 
characters,  but  also  because  this  is  the  first  big  film  to  be  pro- 
duced in  Italy  by  an  American  firm  of  world  renown.  Soon! 
after  this  super-feature  is  finished  the  Fox  company  will  startj 
on  another  production  from  an  historical  subject  of  worldwidel 
fame,  Francesca  da  Rimini.  Also  this  film  will  be  turned  in 
Rome  in  the  studios  of  the  Ultra. 

It  seems  that  Dr.  Bech,  of  the  Medical  University  of  Montpelier, 
has  invented  a  convex  screen  which  would  give  more  relief  tfl 
photography.  According  to  a  German  paper,  the  Deutsche  All 
gemeine  Zeitung,  a  system  has  been  found  by  which  the  immediati 
coloring  of  the  film  is  obtained — that  is,  the  natural  coloring  al 
the  moment  the  photograph  is  taken.  Such  a  discovery  is  dm 
to  a  young  enthusiast  in  photography,  a  Mr.  Herrnkind  of  Halle 
a  small  Swiss  town  where  the  official  experiment  is  to  take  place 

At  the  S.  Marco  Film,  a  firm  which  has  been  devoting  itseli 
to  the  production  of  educational  films,  the  last  scenes  of  th< 
film  La  Casa  dei  Libri  (the  House  of  Books)  are  being  turne( 
and  the  first  scenes  of  Fiore  del  Destino  (Flower  of  Destiny)  ar( 
in  preparation. 

In  the  new  hospital  of  Palermo,  which  opened  a  short  tioH 
ago,  one  large  room  has  been  given  over  for  the  projection  oi 
films  to  divert  and  at  the  same  time  instruct  the  patients. 

In  Germany  a  cinema  company  has  made  a  film  in  three  reel 
representing  the  naval  battle  of  Jutland.  The  picture  was  mad( 
from  actual  photographs  of  the  battle. 

A  Society  of  Cinema  Scenario  Writers  was  formed  some  tinw 
ago  under  the  patronage  of  Gabriele  D'Annunzio.  The  offica 
of  this  society  are  in  Genoa,  the  chief  aim  being  the  furthering  o! 
educational  and  artistic  work. 


IS 


MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  COUNTRY'S  CHURCHES 


Many     Congregational     Churches     Find     the    Film     Valuable 
Various  Purposes — Presbyterians  and  Other   Sects 
Also   Actively   Engaged 


for 


HE  Congregationalist,  of  Boston,  in  a  recent  issue  devoted 
much  of  its  space  to  accounts  of  the  motion  picture  experi- 
ences of  a  number  of  churches  of  that  denomination,  writ- 
ten by  the  pastors.  Space  limitations  in  this  magazine  will 
ot  permit  of  quoting  more  than  brief  extracts  from  these  interest- 
!ig  and  enlightening  articles,  but  the  facts  given  herewith  will 
irobably  be  found  suggestive  and  helpful  by  many  ministerial 
ubscribers: 

First  Union  Congregational  Church,  Quincy,  111.,  has  used 
notion  pictures  for  two  years  in  the  Sunday  evening  service  with 
ncreasing  success.  By  reaching  the  non-churchgoers  in  this  way 
;hey  doubled  the  number  of  members  in  one  year  and  all  depart- 
nents  of  the  church  have  been  increased.  Rev.  E.  A.  Thompson, 
he  pastor,  gets  lists  of  desirable  films  from  Educational  Film 
SIagazine  and  has  used  successfully.  Passing  of  the  Third  Floor 
Sack,  Les  Miserables,  Poor  Little  Rich  Girl. 

.  First  Congregational  Church,  Spencer,  Mass.,  uses  motion  pic- 
:Mres  at  children's  hour  and  at  Sunday  evening  service.  Rev.  R. 
G.  Armstrong  advocates  a  portable  machine  using  non-inflam- 
mable film,  which  does  away  wi:h  an  operator  and  a  permanent 
booth.  The  pastor  goes  over  the  picture  before  the  service  in 
order  to  make  necessary  cuts  and  also  to  get  the  material  for  a 
.short  sermon,  which  precedes  the  movie.  Just  as  much  time, 
■thought,  and  prayer  is  necessary  to  a  service  with  motion  pictures 
jas  without. 

Union  Congregational  Church,  Venice,  Cal.,  is  located  in  the 
center  of  that  Pacific  Coast  amusement  city.  Pulpit  eloquence 
.was  spent  in  vain,  due  to  the  noise  of  the  roller  coasters,  jazz 
bands,  electric  trains  and  honking  automobiles.  Naturally  attend- 
.ance  was  poor.  The  church  installed  a  Sunday  evening  movie 
service  and  now  throngs  press  in  at  the  doors.  This  service  is  self- 
supporting.  Rev.  Shelton  Bissell,  the  pastor,  has  used  success- 
fully Parentage,  Carolyn  of  the  Corners,  The  Sawdust  Doll,  The 
World  Aflame  and  The  Street  Called  Straight. 

Ocean  Avenue  Church,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  has  a  community 
motion  picture  program  every  Friday  evening.  This  service  is 
not  distinctively  religious,  but  the  aim  is  clean  entertainment. 
Expenses  are  defrayed  by  collections  at  the  service.  Rev.  E.  M. 
Halliday,  pastor,  advises  cutting  films  previous  to  showing  rather 
than  taking  other  people's  opinions.  Films  used  satisfactorily 
include  Shore  Acres,  Jes'  Call  Me  Jim,  The  Stream  of  Life,  Daddy 
Longlegs,  Freckles,  Rebecca  of  Sunnybrook  Farm,  The  Gentleman 
from  Indiana,  Old  Lady  31,  Hit  the  Trail  Holliday,  Polyanna 
and  The  Secret  Garden. 

Rev.  Dr.  Carl  S.  Patton,  pastor.  First  Congregational  Church, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  writes  that  without  movies  the  usual  Sunday 
evening  congregation  would  have  averaged  about  250;  with  mo- 
tion pictures,  it  averaged  750.  On  a  recent  Sunday  evening  1450 
persons  were  present.  Only  pictures  with  moral  significance  are 
used.  An  expert  operator  removes  objectionable  features  from 
the  films.  Songs  and  Scripture  readings  are  flashed  on  the  screen. 
The  pastor's  talk  emphasizes  some  lesson  clearly  taught  by  the 
picture.  The  ofi'ering  has  increased  tenfold,  from  $9.50  to  $95, 
as  a  result  of  the  increased  attendance. 


Rev.  Arthur  M.  S.  Stook,  Waverly,  Iowa,  reports  that  he  pays 
from  $3  to  $15  per  program,  the  average  cost  including  express- 
age  being  $8.  A  full  program  one  evening  a  week  and  a  suitable 
feature  on  Sundays  has  been  the  schedule.  Recent  films  used  by 
this  church  were  In  the  Palace  of  the  King,  A  Royal  Romance, 
Poor  Relations,  Flaming  Ice,  Midsummer  Night's  Dream,  Lady 
Clare,  Heart  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  Seeing  It  Through,  Saving 
Savages,  Dolly  Varden,  Greater  Love  Hath  No  Man,  Kitty  McKay, 
By  Fowl  Means.    Admissions:  adults  20  cents,  children  10  cents. 

In  the  suburbs  of  Boston,  Rev.  David  Eraser,  of  West  Somer- 
ville;  Rev.  Manley  F.  AUbright,  of  Allston;  and  Rev.  Charles 
H.  Williams,  of  Jamaica  Plain,  all  Congregational  pastors,  make 
use  of  motion  pictures.  The  last  named  has  movies  every  Sunday 
night,  with  an  average  attendance  of  600,  of  whom  one  fourth 
were  not  connected  with  any  church  or  parish.  Usually  the  pic- 
tures follow  the  opening  parts  of  the  service.  Sometimes  the  ser- 
mon follows  the  feature,  sometimes  the  reverse.  In  one  church 
the  pastor,  the  organist  and  a  member  constitute  a  viewing  com- 
mittee who  view  the  films  the  day  before  they  are  to  be  used, 
decide  on  the  division  of  the  parts,  the  cuts,  and  the  music. 

Kensington  Congregational  Church,  Philadelphia,  Rev.  Erwin 
J.  Urch,  pastor,  has  an  $800  motion  picture  outfit.  Religious 
films  are  used  Sunday  evenings,  resulting  in  a  300  per  cent 
increase  in  attendance.  The  theme  of  the  picture  is  introduced  by 
the  regular  order  of  service  and  the  sermon.  Friday  evening 
movie  entertainments  attract  good  crowds.  Expenses  are  de- 
frayed by  voluntary  offerings.  Sunday  school  attendance  is 
15  per  cent  higher,  due  largely  to  the  movies.  The  Christian 
Endeavor  meetings  also  show  an  increase  in  membership. 

Rev.  Harry  L.  Meyer,  Decatur,  111.,  pastor  of  a  downtown 
church,  has  modern  projection  equipment.  The  service  of 
song,  prayer,  scripture  reading,  special  music  and  sermon  pre- 
cedes the  showing  of  the  film.  No  one  is  admitted  after  the  ser- 
mon starts.  The  minister  includes  in  his  message  the  main  point 
of  the  picture,  interpreting  the  story  in  a  homiletical  way,  and 
closes  the  service  with  a  prayer  that  makes  a  practical  application 
of  the  picture.  Recent  films  screened  were  Life  of  Christ,  Jimmy's 
Prayer,  The  Lost  Christ,  The  Light  of  the  World,  The  Land  of 
Opportunity,  Story  of  Plymouth  Rock,  The  Man  without  a  Coun- 
try, Pippa  Passes,  Pillars  of  Society,  Evangeline,  Tale  of  Two 
Cities,  Les  Miserables,  Little  Orphant  Annie,  Captain  of  His  Soul, 
The  Church  with  the  Overshot  Wheel,  Faith,  Knights  of  the 
Square  Table,  Habit  of  Happiness,  Honorable  Algy,  Land  of  the 
Free,  and  From  the  Manger  to  the  Cross. 

People's  Church,  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  Rev.  Howard  Y.  Williams, 
pastor,  on  Monday  nights  has  a  Neighborhood  House  program 
for  young  people.  Community  singing,  a  short  story  talk  for 
children  by  the  pastor,  an  educational  reel,  and  a  two  reel  comedy 
make  up  the  usual  program.  Booth  Tarkington's  "Edgar"  series 
and  Baby  Marie  Osborne  pictures  have  been  thoroughly  enjoyed. 
The  attendance  runs  about  400  to  500.  The  Friday  night  movie 
shows  compare  favorably  with  those  given  in  the  regular  theaters. 
A  news  weekly,  travelog,  scenic,  or  comedy  opens  the  program, 
(Continued  on  page  18) 


U 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


"THROUGH  THE  BACK  DOOR" 

By  Glen  Visscher 

MARY  PrCKFORD  is  herself  again,  a  "perfect  dear"  in 
Through  the  Back  Door,  her  most  recent  film  product. 
In  some  of  the  earlier  scenes,  when  she  plays  a  child 
of  ten,  she  is  as  funny  and  delightfully  juvenile  as  she 
is  pretty   and   bewitchingly   sweet   later,   when   supposed   to   be 
about  sixteen.    In  several  scenes  touching  pathos  is  displayed. 

In  this  story,  a  sort  of  variation  of  the  immortal  Cinderella 
fairy-tale,  Mary  is  supported  by  several  cute  kiddies  one  of  whom 
acts  Mary's  part  at  the  supposed  age  of  five  and  is  remarkably 
like  her;  a  tremendous  Great  Dane,  with  a  lovable,  laughing  face 
and  serious,  puckered  brow;  a  sharp-nosed  police  or  Belgian 
hound;  a  Dachshund  puppy;  a  tabby-cat;  a  young  duck;  and  a 
remarkably  well-trained  donkey  that  sits  down,  rolls  over,  and 
foxtrots  amazingly!  There  are,  of  course,  several  well  done 
adult  (human)  characters,  but  Mary  and  her  menagerie  are  really 
the  whole  thing  and  will  delight  any  child  heart  (even  yours 
and  mine!). 

A  really  worthwhile  theme  shows  how  a  young  mother,  if 
gay  and  inclined  to  be  selfish  and  vain,  may  be  led  to  neglect 
her  child,  and  the  inevitable  pain  that  follows  such  a  grievous 
wrong. 

Mary,  as  little  Jeanne  Bodamere,  is  left  in  Ostend  with  Marie,  her 
faithful  nurse,  when  her  mother  goes  honeymooning  with  a  second 
husband  who  is  jealous  of  the  little  girl  and  does  not  wish  to  be  annoyed 
by  her.  He  influences  his  infatuated  young  wife  to  remain  away  from 
her  child  for  five  years.  In  the  meantime  Marie,  the  nurse,  marries  a 
farmer  and  Jeanne  grows  up  as  a  peasant  woman's  child,  with  no 
advantages  of  position  or  education,  instead  of  being  reared  as  the 
little  aristocrat  that  she  is.  (But  she  does  have  a  wonderful  time,  lead- 
ing  the    simple   life! 

At  last  her  mother  comes  to  take  her  to  America.  But  Marie,  in- 
censed by  her  heartless  neglect  and  loving  Jeanne  as  her  own,  sends 
the  child  away  and  tells  the  mother  she  is  dead.  Some  years  later, 
the  great  war  intervening,  Jeanne's  foster-mother  sends  her  to  America 
for  safety.  On  the  way,  though  forlorn  enough  herself,  Jeanne  rescues 
two  tiny  orphans  found  by  the  roadside  and  takes  them  along.  And 
afterward  very  funnily  refers  to  them  as  her  "children." 

Thus  she  not  only  enters  "the  back  door  of  America"  as  an  emigrant 
but  the  kitchen  door  of  her  handsome,  haughty  mother's  palatial  home 
in  whose  household  she  becomes  a  maid.  Of  course,  in  the  end  her 
identity  becomes  known  and  she  receives  the  loving  welcome  she  has 
longed  for.  Jeanne  is  then  the  cause  of  bringing  about  a  better  under- 
standing between  her  mother,  who  has  grieved  remorsefully  for  her,  and 
her  stepfather.  Meanwhile,  a  delightfully  youthful  romance  of  her  own 
begins  to  bud. 

One  objectionable  scene  in  the  second  reel  should  be  cut:  it  is 
played  between  the  stepfather  and  a  young  adventuress,  a  house- 
guest,  in  their  bath-robes,  and  is  an  offense  against  good  taste. 
Prospective  non-theatrical  exhibitors  should  view  this  picture  fw 
possible  further  cuts,  before  booking. 

Through  the  Back  Diior.     Distributed  by  United  Artists  Corp. 

■a  Hi 

NAVY  SPORTS  IN  FILM  SERIES 
T)0XING  at  the  United  States  Naval  Academy,  presented  in 
X->  two  and  a  half  reels,  is  the  first  of  a  series  of  pictures 
illustrating  the  sport  education  of  the  future  officers  of  the  United 
States  navy.  The  first  part  of  the  present  subject  is  devoted  to 
a  slow-motion  exposition  of  boxing  methods  by  the  boxing 
instructor  at  Annapolis.  The  second  part  shows  six  different 
boxing  matches  filmed  at  ordinary  speed.  Reels  on  baseball,  foot- 
ball, track  sports,  swimming,  drilling,  and  class  work  are  to 
follow,  in  each  case  instructional  methods  being  stressed.  The 
series  will  be  released  through  National  Non-Theatrical  Motion 
Pictures,  Inc.,  232  West  38th  Street,  New  York,  and  branches. 


"KEEPING  UP  WITH  LIZZIE" 

By   Mabel   G.   Foster 

IRVING  BACHELLER'S  gentle  satire  on  the  foolishness  , 
vying  with  one's  neighbors  has  come  adequately  to  the  scree 
Excellent  judgment  in  selection  of  the  cast,  sincere  and  di 
criminating  acting,  interior  sets,  and  wisely-chosen  exterio: 
all  combine  to  create  the  impression  that  one  is  looking  on  at 
genuine  cross-section  of  the  American  comedie  humaine. 

We  are  introduced  to  a  characteristic  American  father,  har( 
working  and  thrifty;  to  a  mother  of  ample  proportions  and  mm 
cular  arms  undoubtedly  developed  by  exercise  at  the  washtub  c 
less  prosperous  days.  Both  are  inordinately  proud  of  their  daugl 
ter  Lizzie  and  united  in  the  ambition  to  place  her  at  the  top  c 
the  local  social  ladder.  Lizzie  herself,  a  typical  American  gir 
wholesome  to  the  core,  loving  her  parents,  yet  unaware  of  the  sa( 
rifices  they  are  making  in  her  behalf,  has  the  natural  eagernes 
of  youth  to  conquer  the  kingdoms  of  the  world  and  enjoy  th 
glory  thereof.  Her  favored  swain  Dan,  sensible,  hard-workiu; 
and  honest,  represents  young  America  at  its  best. 


A    SCENE   from   the   clever   satire    on    American    super-ambitions.    "Keeping 
Up   With    Lizzie."    One   of   tlie   most   valuable   photoplays   witb   a   mes- 
sage of  recent  months. 

The  virus  of  unrest  enters  the  arteries  of  the  small  town  wlicre 
Lizzie  and  her  family  abide,  when  her  father  sends  licr  to  an  expensive 
finishing  school.  Dan  at  once  begs  to  go  to  Harvard,  that  he  may 
"keep  up"  with  his  sweetheart.  The  fathers  of  Dan  and  Lizzie,  who 
finance  these  flights  into  the  rarified  air  of  the  higjier  education, 
keep  grocery  stores  and  are  forced,  through  the  added  expense,  to 
admit  their  fellow-townsmen  to  the  "keeping  up"  coterie  by  raising 
the  price  of  groceries.  Further  advances  in  prices  accompany  the 
departure  of  Lizzie,  properly  chaperoned,  for  a  tour  in  Europe. 
From  this  trip  she  returns  in  triumph  bringing  with  her  a  Count, 
her  prospective  husband. 

Now,  indeed,  the  whole  town  must  "keep  up"  with  Lizzie,  who,  in 
turn,  is  "keeping  up"  with  the  Count.  The  efforts  of  prominent 
citizens  to  take  on  social  graces  at  a  moment's  notice  would  be 
funny  if  not  so  pathetic.  Dan,  whose  Harvard  education  has  not 
sufficed  to  get  him  to  the  goal  posts  ahead  of  the  Count,  accepts 
his  defeat  like  a  man  and  settles  down  to  successful  farming.  His 
love  for  Lizzie,  however,  makes  him  anxious  for  her  future  and  he 
cables  to  Europe  for  the  Count's  dossier. 

Before  the  desired  news  arrives  Lizzie  has  discovered  that  extrava- 
gant expenditures  in  her  behalf  have  exhausted  her  father's  resources 
and  driven  him  into  debt.  Her  inherent  common  sense  and  affection 
assert  themselves.  She  insists  on  retrencluncnt  and  confides  to  her 
flanc^  that  it  will  be  their  duty  after  marriage  materially  to  assist 
her  parents.  The  Count  at  once  begins  inquiries  concerning  the 
.$10,000  dowry  Lizzie's  father  has  promised  him.  Father,  game  to 
the  last,  borrows  the  sum  and  presents  it  in  cash.  Thereupon  the 
Count    rids   him.sclf  of  the   whole   family  as   they   are   driving  to   the 


Scenes 

FROM 

"Through 

THE 

Back  Door" 

IN  WHICH 

Mary 

PiCKFORD 

Is  THE  Star 


countv  seat  for  the  marriage  license  and  a  quiet  wetiding.  His  das.i 
for  liberty  is  interfered  with  by  Dan,  to  whom  a  cable  has  come 
stating  that  the  Count  is  bogus,  married,  and  wanted  by  the  police 
of  his  native  land.  He  is  overtaken,  relieved  of  the  dowry  and, 
after  a  brief  sojourn  in  a  convenient  mud  puddle  is  permitted  to 
make  all  speed  out  of  the  story. 

Lizzie,  cured  of  trying  to  be  anything  but  her  own  genuine  selt, 
marries  the  prosperous  Dan,  and  settles  down  to  make  home  happy 
for  him.  Keeping  Up  With  Lizzie  now  means  being  a  thorough  house- 
keeper and  a  cheerful,  loving,  provident  wife:  in  other  words,  the 
buiWer  of  a  genuine  American  home. 


This  is  an  excellent  picture  for  all-round  use  with  an  obviously 
constructive  lesson  imparted  with  much  sly  humor.  The  character 
of  a  quiet  village  philosopher  is  introduced  to  point  the  moral 
and  adorn  the  tale  as  it  proceeds.  It  is  regrettable  that  this  wise 
personage  stresses  the  idea  that  education  was  to  blame  for  all  the 
trouble  Lizzie  and  the  village  experienced  in  "keeping  up,"  instead 
of  making  it  plain  that  "a  little  learning  is  a  dangerous  thing." 

Keeping  Up  WUh  LixzU.    Distributed  by  Pathfi.    <  r««li. 


» 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


By   Mabel   G.    Foster 


"THE   ROAD  TO   LONDON" 


BRYANT  WASHBURN  scores  a  success  in  The  Road  to  Lon- 
don, a  story  of  love  and  adventure,  the  setting  of  which  is 
in  London,  on  the  Thames,  and  along  the  picturesque  roads 

thereto  adjacent. 

The  simple  story  is  whimsically  presented  as  a  possibility  rather 
than  as  a  reality.  Piccadilly  is  indicated  as  a  suitable  starting  point 
for  a  romance,  and  Hex  Rowland,  the  typical  wide-awake  young 
American,  is  introduced  as  an  excellent  hero.  The  London  bobby  on 
the  crossing  is  pointed  out  as  the  detis  ex  machina  would  be  employed  to 
stop  traffic  and  give  the  hero  opportunity  to  glimpse  the  titled  Eng- 
lish heroine  seated  in  a  Rolls-Royce  with  her  duenna  and  the  olbnoxious 
male  relative  she  is  doomed  to  marry.  Her  eyes  flash  an  S.  O.  S.  to 
Rowland  who  thereupon  abandons  a  trip  to  Paris  with  his  father  and 
hastens  to  the  aid  of  Beauty-'In-Distress,  witli  father's  parting  words 
ringing  in  his  ears:  "I  hope  she  marries  you.  It  will  serve  you 
right." 

In  the  end  the  wish  is  fulfilled  but  not  until  Rowland  and  his  fair 
one  have  been  pursued  through  the  historic  scenes  of  London  in  a 
commandeered  automobile  and  out  into  the  country  along  the  trim 
hedgerows  bordering  English  roads.  The  duenna  and  the  fianc6  are 
persistent.  Hair  breadth  escapes  are  not  lacking.  A  motorboat  speeds 
the  young  couple  up  the  Thames  till  they  see  the  towers  of  Windsor 
Castle,  and  it  is  in  a  quaint  donkey  cart  that  they  finally  arrive  in 
the  village  of  Windsor  where  they  are  married  in  an  ivy-covered 
church  by  a  clergyman  who  looks  the  part  because  he  is  one. 

Back  over  the  road  to  London  hasten  the  young  American  and  his 
bride,  only  to  be  cruelly  separated  by  the  heartless  duenna,  on  the 
ground  that  the  bride  is  not  of  age.  Sadly  the  groom  goes  down  to 
Liverpool  to  sail  for  America  with  Father.  But  British  pluck  and 
initiative  triumph;  the  Englisli  girl  eludes  her  cruel  duenna;  and 
when  Rowland  boards  the  ship  and  enters  the  bridal  suite  which  his 
enthusiastic  father  has  had  reserved  for  him,  he  finds  his  little 
bride  waiting  for  him,  eager  to  sail  away  with  her  gallant  knight  and 
become  a  true  American. 

This  picture  is  purely  recreational.  It  is  clean  and  the  comedy 
is  delicate  and  refined.  To  persons  vs'ho  know  and  love  London 
and  its  adjacent  counties  it  offers  an  hour's  delight,  for  nearly 
all  the  points  of  interest  in  London  are  shown  as  a  perfectly 
natural  background  to  the  story;  and  the  country  views,  especially 
those  along  the  Thames,  are  typical  of  all  that  is  best  in  English 
rural   scenery. 

This  picture  will  be  excellent  for  use  in  entertainment  progremis 
for  literary  or  travel  clubs,  and  other  intelligent  groups  that  will 
appreciate  a  little  relaxation  in  an  Old  World  mis-en-scene. 

"REMEMBER  THE  ALAMO" 

OWING  to  the  comparative  scarcity  of  films  adequately  pic- 
turing great  events  in  American  history,  the  fact  that  the 
D.  W.  Griffith  picturization  of  that  immortal  tragedy  of  the 
Alamo  is  available  for  non-theatrical  distribution  in  all  parts  of 
the  country  gives  satisfaction  to  educators  and  students  of  history. 
The  well-known  ability  of  the  director  to  handle  large  moving 
groups  no  less  than  to  introduce  little  scenes  of  poignant  personal 
"ragedy  has  resulted  in  a  picture-story  following  history  and  ring- 
ing true  in  its  delineation  of  frontier  human  experience. 

The  picture  begins  with  illustrations  of  that  insolent  over- 
bearance  on  the  part  of  Mexican  soldiers  in  San  Antonio  which 
led  up  to  retaliation  by  an  American  settler  and  the  resulting 
unsuccessful  attempt  of  the  Mexican  Santa  Anna  to  humiliate 
and  subdue  the  Americans.  Then  follow  the  assault  on  the  Alamo 
and  its  defence  by  the  courageous  men  who  preferred  the  hero's 
death  to  life  under  Mexican  tyranny.  Bowie,  Travis,  Crockett 
and  Houston  are  well  personified.  The  fall  of  the  Alamo,  Santa 
Anna's  release  of  the  sole  survivor,  and  Houston's  success   in 


ending  Mexican  bondage  at  the  Battle  of  San  Jacinto  are  graphi- 
cally portrayed.    The  film  ends  with  views  of  the  four  successive  j 
flags  of  Texas:  the  flag  of  1824;  the  Lone  Star  flag;  the  Con- 
federate flag;  and  the  Star  Spangled  Banner. 

In  considering  the  use  of  this  film  it  should  be  remembered 
that  it  contains  two  battles  and  a  massacre.  It  is  not  a  picture 
for  small  children.  Educators  planning  to  show  it  in  the  upper 
grammar  grades  may  prefer  to  view  it  first.  For  higher  educa- 
tional groups;  for  mature  history  students;  and  for  Americaniza- 
tion groups  the  picture  offers  material  calculated  not  only  to 
instruct,  but  to  make  vivid  the  price  at  which  our  national  free- 
dom has  been  bought. 

Certain  cuts  are  desirable:  Scenes  in  Santa  Anna's  tent  with 
dancing  women;  scene  of  choking  little  boy  in  the  Alamo  mas- 
sacre; closeup  of  dead  Bowie  with  bayonets  in  his  chest.  Other 
cuts  in  connection  with  battles  and  massacre  may  commend  them- 
selves to  the  individual  exhibitor. 

Remember  the  Alamo.  Distributed  by  The  Film  Exhibitors'  League,  130  West 
Forty-sixth  Street,  New  York. 


ANCIENT  FABLES  MODERNIZED 

THE  fables  of  La  Fontaine  and  Aesop,  having  inspired  count- 
less preachers  and  teachers,  painters  and  engravers,  are  now 
presenting  their  messages  in  the  most  up-to-the-minute  man- 
ner: which  is  merely  another  way  of  saying  they  have  been  put 
into  the  movies. 

La  Fontaine  having  placed  his  words  of  wisdom  in  the  mouths 
of  animals,  it  is  quite  suitable  that  the  animals  of  the  New  York 
Zoo  should  be  employed  in  illustrating  the  fables  in  their  modern- 
ized form.     The  work  is  carried  out  by  Raymond  Ditmars. 

The  Hare  and  the  Tortoise,  the  first  fable  to  be  released,  may  be 
used  effectively  on  children's  programs  although  it  may  be  well  to 
omit  the  modern  application  at  the  end  of  the  film  since  it  is 
adapted  only  for  the  adult  mind.  Rhymed  titles  translate  La  Fon- 
taine's original  verse  and  preserve  the  spirit  of  the  famous  tale. 

The  Cat  and  Her  Allies  also  features  living  animals  but  it  not 
as  well  adapted  to  children's  groups  as  the  preceding,  because  its 
titles  will  not  be  understood  by  them.  Many  of  the  titles  have  a 
strongly  political  slant  and  are  against  the  League  of  Nations,  a 
point  to  be  considered  by  the  prospective  non-theatrical  exhibitor. 

The  animals  in  these  productions  carry  with  them  the  interest 
which  always  attaches  to  our  dumb  friends;  but  the  spectator 
will  observe  that  these  Zoo  animals  are  not  actors  in  the  same 
sense  as  are  many  of  the  dogs,  cats,  and  monkeys  whose  screen 
work  has  led  the  adult  picture-going  public  to  expect  that  a 
certain  degree  of  training  will  be  evinced  by  animals  made  promi- 
nent on  the  screen. 

The  subsequent  issues  of  the  La  Fontaine  Fables  will  be  awaited 
with  interest,  for  the  entertainment  and  instructional  possibilities 
of  these  famous  classics  are  exceptionally  large. 

Aesop's  Fables,  which  2,600  years  ago  diverted  and  edified 
King  Crcesus  and  his  court,  are  now  set  forth  humorously  by 
means  of  animated  cartoons,  the  work  of  that  clever  cartoonist, 
Paul  Terry.  While  any  form  of  animation  interests  the  small 
child,  the  subtlety  and  humor  of  these  cartoons  can  best  be  appre- 
ciated by  adults. 

The  cartoons  in  each  case  are  preceded  by  a  uniform  introduc- 


IG 


tion  having  the  dignity  befitting  so  ancient  and  classic  a  subject. 
A  handsomely-bound  volume  opens  before  the  spectator  disclosing 
a  page  of  Aesop's  Fables  in  quaint  black-lettering  and  illustrated 
by  ancient  woodcuts,  the  latter  forming  a  harmonious  link  be- 
tween the  age-old  fables  and  the  cartoon  interpretations  that 
follow. 

The  stories  are  handled  in  a  strictly  humorous  manner  and 
with  a  wealth  of  imaginative  ingenuity  which  leads  up  to  Aesop's 
deduction  and  its  modern  parallel.  Although  these  applications 
are  not  uniformly  apt,  the  comedy  of  the  animations  tends  to  fix 
the  fundamental  message  of  the  fables  firmly  in  mind. 

While  some  of  these  fables  as  presented  will  not  meet  the  re- 
quirements of  certain  groups,  many  of  them  are  well-adapted  for 
non-theatrical  use;  among  which  especial  mention  may  be  made 
of  The  Goose  That  Laid  the  Golden  Egg,  The  Ants  and  the  Grass- 
hopper, The  Rooster  and  the  Eagle,  Mice  in  Council,  (cut  mouse 
dancing  Hawaiian  dance,  if  preferred).  The  Lioness  and  the  Bugs, 
(cut  dance  of  caterpillar  and  beetle  on  platform.)  The  plan  of 
viewing  with  individual  groups  in  mind  may  be  safely  carried  out 
in  connection  with  these  subjects,  which  offer  a  wealth  of  humor  as 
well  as  various  deductions  which  will  link  up  excellently  with  a 
large  variety  of  program  subjects. 

Modem  Truths  From   Old  Fables.     Distributed  by   Kincto. ..'/o    reel   each. 
Aesop'B   Fables  ilodeniized.     Distributed   by    Path§.     2/3    reel   each. 

"THE    TOURNAMENT    OF    YOUTH" 

DR.  MARTIN,  health  officer  of  Marriott,  was  confronted 
by  a  raging  scarlet  fever  epidemic  which  threatened  the 
lives  of  the  city's  children.     He  and  Miss  Stedman,  the 
public  health  nurse,   agreed  that  one   of  their  greatest 
handicaps  in  combating  the  disease  was  the  belief  common  among 
parents  that  children  should  have  a  certain  number  of  the  so- 
called  "children's  diseases." 

Characteristic  of  tlie  careless,  ignorant  type  of  mother  was  Mrs. 
Burke  whose  sons,  Jimmy  and  Dan,  both  contracted  scarlet  fever  and 
who  angrily  placed  the  placed  tlie  blame  for  the  epidemic  on  the  health 
officer.  Aline  Baird,  Jimmy's  energetic  hygiene-loving  classmate,  was 
captain  of  the  Modern  Health  Crusade  team  of  grade  6B,  which  was 
competing  for  the  banner  in  the  health  tournament.  Learning  of 
Jimmy's  illness,  she  started  out  for  his  home  to  reprimand  him  for 
neglecting  his  health  chores  but,  to  her  dismay.  Dr.  Martin  forbade  her 
to  enter  the  quarantined  house. 

It  was  thus  that  the  health  officer  first  learned  of  the  existence  of  the 
crusade  movement  and  its  chores,  the  name  given  by  the  children  for 
the  eleven  rules  to  be  observed,  which  consisted  of  a  daily  bath,  brushing 
the  teeth,  ten  hours  sleep,  fresh  air,  total  abstinence  from  coffee  and  tea, 
and  other  health-promoting  habits.  He  immediately  sought  the  services 
of  the  state  crusader  executive,  and  called  a  meeting  of  the  school  board. 
At  that  meeting  everyone  but  the  president  of  the  board,  Mr.  Taylor, 
enthusiastically  greeted  the  proposal  that  the  crusade  be  introduced  in 
all  of  Marriott's  schools. 

Taylor's  two  children  were  students  In  the  Junior  High  School,  which 
was  competing  for  the  crusade  banner  with  grade  6B,  but  they  were  a 
dark  blot  on  the  class  record.  They  danced  until  midnight,  drank  tea 
and  coffee,  and  otherwise  ignored  the  rules  of  the  crusade.  After 
weeks  of  struggle,  when  the  epidemic  seemed  under  control,  Taylor  called 
on  Dr.  Martin.  "I  want  this  crusade  business  in  the  schools  stopped!" 
he  exclaimed.  But  just  then  the  telephone  rang,  and  Dr.  Martin  re- 
ceived word  of  two  new  scarlet  fever  cases.  The  physician  turned  to 
Taylor.  "I  think  you  had  better  come  with  me,  Mr.  Taylor."  "I  am 
not  the  doctor,"  the  latter  retorted.     "No,  but  you  are  the  father!" 

Then  came  the  end  of  the  fifteen-week  tournament.  At  five  minutes 
before  3  o'clock  on  the  closing  day  the  crusader  executive  awarded  the 
banner  to  the  Junior  High  School.  At  that  moment  the  door  burst  open 
and  little  Dan  Burke  rushed  into  the  school-room.  "It  ain't  three  yet — 
here's  Jimmy's  and  my  chore  records;"  he  panted.  The  two  B\irke 
children,  during  their  convalescence,  had  diligently  kept  their  chores, 
and  the  bannci  was  awarded  to  grade  6B. 

.Mr.  Taylor  faced  the  indignant  eyes  of  the  defeated  Juniors.  "My 
children  and  I  caused  your  defeat,  but  next  term  every  school  in  Mar- 
riott shall  have  a  chance  to  win  a  grand  banner!" 

The  Burke  home(  no  longer  under  quarantine,  found  itself  suddenly 
besieged  by  the  members  of  the  victorious  class.  At  sight  of  the  banner 
Jimmy  Burke  slowlv  raised  a  bottle  of  milk  and  drank  a  deep  toast  to 
t!'e  M'odem  Health  Crusade.  "Here's  to  the  crusade  and  to  the  chores 
that  fill  a  kid  with  pep  and  ginger,"  he  cried  happily. 
The  picture  was  produced  by  Eugene  Roder  for  the  National 


Tuberculosis  Association,  of  New  York,  and  will  be  exhibited 
at  schools  and  community  centers  cooperating  with  local  boards 
of  health.  ^     » 

TRAVEL  REELS  OF  ESPECIAL  INTEREST 

OLD  NEW  YORK  starts  the  spectator  at  the  Battery  and,  by  means 
of  still  pictures  of  the  past  and  motion  pictures  of  the  present, 
exhibits  a  history  of  New  York's  appearance  for  many  years  and 
vizualizes  the  mutability  of  great  cities,  especially  in  ,\merica. 

The  Naturalist's  Paradise  is  one  of  the  pictures  filmed  by  Maurice 
Ricker  during  the  Barbadoes-Antigua  Expedition  of  the  University  of 
Iowa.  The  picture  abounds  in  scenic  views  of  great  interest  as  well  as 
tlie  methods  employed  by  the  naturalists  in  gathering  tlieir  specimens, 
the  specimens  themselves,  and  the  natives  who  assisted  in  the  work. 
Kineto  Company    (National   Exchanges). 

IQTfti       Mjbt 

Yelloivstone  National  Park,  land  of  hot  springs  and  geysers,  is  visual- 
ized not  only  by  means  of  motion  pictures,  but  also  by  diagrams  which 
explan  how  "the  geysers  are  formed.  The  interesting  and  varied  fauna 
of  the  park  are  also  filmed  in  this  reel,  the  whole  forming  an  adequate 
visit  to  one  of  the  world's  greatest  wonders  without  the  fatigue  of 
actual  travel. 

Fitzpatrick  and  McElroy  (Ford). 

The  First  People  is  a  picturization  of  the  annual  pilgrimage  into  the 
mountains  made  by  the  Indian  chiefs  of  the  Glacier  National  Park  region 
when  they  go  to  pray  to  the  Great  Spirit  for  an  open  winter.  The 
gigantic  cloud-forms,  the  ripples  on  the  mountain  lake — signs,  so  the 
Indians  believe  of  the  Great  Spirit's  favorable  reply  to  their  petition- 
are  impressively  filmed.  The  festival  inaugurated  in  the  Indian  tepee 
village  on  the  return  of  the  chiefs  with  the  good  news  rounds  out  a  pic- 
ture of  exceptional  interest. 

Federated  Film  Exchange.  ».        B" 

The  Crater  of  Mount  Katmai  gives  the  first  illustration  of  the  im- 
mensity of  the  world's  largest  crater  created  by  the  volcanic  disturbance 
in  the  Katmai  Valley,  Alaska,  in  1912.  This  was  the  disturbance  which 
resulted  in  the  formation  of  the  Valley  of  Ten  Thousand  Smokes. 
Since  the  eruption  the  valley  has  been  set  aside  as  public  land.  The 
only  white  men  who  have  penetrated  to  the  remote  spot  are  the  mem- 
ber's of  the  National  Geographic  Society  expedition  under  the  direction 
of  Robert  J.  Briggs.  The  Crater  of  Mount  Katmai  has  a  companion 
picture.  The  Valley  of  Ten  Thousand  Smokes. 

Music  In  The  Air  takes  the  spectator  across  the  stretches  of  Lake 
Titicaca  in  South  America,  12,000  feet  above  sea  level  and  surrounded  by 
mountain  scenery  of  great  magnificence.  The  trip  is  taken  for  the  pur- 
pose of  attending  the  Festival  of  Our  Lady  of  Opabianca  which  occurs 
annually  in  the  little  town  of  Copaliianca  amidst  the  foothills  of  the 
Andes.  This  celebration  is  shown  to  be  an  interesting  combination  of 
Christianity  and  Incas  tradition,  the  gorgeously-embroidered  clothing 
and  strange  masks  worn  by  the  participants  contrasting  strangely  with 
the  Christian  images  born  in  the  parade.  This  is  an  unusual  and  inter- 
esting subject. 

The  latest  Bruce  Scenic  is  entitled  In  The  Bonnie  Brier  Country  and 
gives  interesting  glimpses  of  Scotch  scenery  and  life. 

Educational  Film  Exchanges.      BDi       Bi 

Spanish  Holidays  include  the  aimual  country  fair  at  Seville,  where  the 
peasant  folks  in  their  picturesque  costumes  assemlile  with  their  cattle 
and  produce  from  manv  districts  of  Andalusia.  At  Madrid,  the  annual 
birthdav  festival  in  honor  of  the  king.  His  Majesty,  Alphonso  XIII, 
is  celebrated  at  the  Royal  Palace  and  is  the  occasion  for  the  gathering 
of  nobility  and  notables,  in  full  regalia,  forming  an  interesting  and  un- 
usual siglit  for  spectators  accustomed  to  democratic  simplicity. 

In  Shanghai  and  Macao  the  tourist  learns  tliat  most  of  Shanghai  is  like 
a  bustling  Occidental  metropolis  dropped  in  the  heart  of  the  Asiatic 
Orient.  A  visit  to  a  Cliinese  home  in  the  suburbs  gives  glimpses  of 
native  family  life,  thus  linking  the  world  together  in  teims  of  the  home. 

Calling  On  The  Sphinx  furnishes  close  views  of  this  celebrated  and 
ancient  relic  of  Egyptian  civili.-.ation. 

Famous  Players   (Burton  Holmes). 

NATIONAL  BETTER  FILM  LEAGUE  LAUNCHED 

DETROIT  clubwomen,  under  the  leatlcrship  of  Miss  Nellie  Peck 
Saunders,  a  movie  actress,  have  launched  a  new  better  film  move- 
ment under  tlie  name  of  League  for  Silent  Drama.  A  national  or- 
ganization of  women  who  will  offer  encouragement  to  producers  of  good 
pictures  and  oppose  censorship  is  planned. 

"THE  MIRACLE  MAN"  SCREENED  AT  MEMORIAL  SERVICE 

A  T  a  service  held  in  the  Brunton  Studios,  Los  Angeles,  in  mem- 
•^  ory  of  the  noted  director,  George  Loane  Tucker,  the  first 
and  last  reels  of  his  most  famous  motion  picture,  The  Miracle 
Man,  were  screened,  forming  an  impressive  conclusion  to  the 
tributes  of  fellow-workers,  the  religious  exercises,  and  the  musical 
numbers. 


17 


i: 


MOTION  PICTURES  IN  COUNTRY'S  CHURCHES 

(Continued   from   page    IS) 

followed  by  a  reading,  recitation,  musical  number,  playlet  or 
something  of  that  sort,  and  then  comes  a  five  reel  feature.  All 
pictures  are  carefully  censored.  Ten  cent  admissions.  Attendance 
varies  from  250  to  1500. 
ii  The  Congregational  Church,  Chappaqua,  N.  Y.,  Rev.  Dow  B. 
Beene,  pastor,  took  over  the  local  equipment  from  the  theater 
which  was  abandoned,  installed  two  professional  machines  in  the 
I  church,  and  has  been  giving  community  shows  ever  since.  Per- 
formances are  given  on  Wednesday  and  Saturday  evenings,  and 
for  six  weeks  Bible  films  were  used  on  Sunday  nights.  The  pastor 
does  the  booking  and  acts  as  manager  of  the  enterprise,  aided 
by  a  committee  of  church  members  and  citizens.  The  usual 
program  consists  of  two  educationals,  one  or  two  comedy  reels, 
and  a  five  or  six  reel  feature.  Slides  advertising  church  and 
community  activities  are  shown. 

Rev.  K.  E.  Wall,  Congregational  Church,  Zanesville,  Ohio,  says 
that  the  service  there  is  built  on  song,  scripture,  prayer,  and  a 
ten-minute  sermon  around  the  theme  of  the  picture.  The  audi- 
torium seats  350  and  is  always  filled.  Some  of  the  feature  films 
used  were  Satan's  Scheme,  Problems  of  Pin-Hole  Parish,  The 
Hushed  Hour,  The  Miracle  Man,  The  Blue  Bird,  The  Eternal 
City,  and  The  Family  Honor. 

At  the  Second  Presbyterian  Church,  Baltimore,  movie  sermons 
were  given  on  the  lawn  in  front  of  the  chapel  every  Wednesday 
and  Sunday  evening  during  July.  The  screen  was  so  placed 
that  people  passing  on  the  busy  thoroughfare  stopped,  looked, 
and  listened,  and  many  came  in  and  took  seats.  Cornet  and 
vocal  solos  added  to  the  attractions.  A  large  sign  at  the  entrance 
read,  "Welcome".  Some  of  the  pictures  shown  were  Joseph  and 
His  Brethern,  The  Chosen  Prince,  Judith  of  Bethulia,  and  From 
j  the  Manger  to  the  Cross. 

I  A  unique  use  of  motion  pictures  recently  was  that  of  an 
astronomy  film.  The  Earth  and  the  Worlds  Beyond,  by  Rev. 
Howard  A.  Talbot  at  First  Presbyterian  Church,  DePere,  Wis. 
His  Biblical  text  was,  "The  Heavens  declare  the  glory  of  God." 
The  picture  discloses  ear:h,  sun,  moon,  stars,  planets,  comets, 
meteors,  and  the  Milky  Way,  all  photographed  through  a  power- 
ful telescope.  Thus  a  happy  pictorial  background  was  provided 
for  the  minister's  sermon. 

First  Presbyterian  Church,  Oklahoma  City,  conducts  two  Sun- 
day morning  services  at  the  same  hour — junior  church  and  senior 
church.  A  one-reeler  is  shown  at  the  junior  church  and  in  the 
,  evening  the  same  picture  is  used  for  the  adult  congregation  . 
!  The  pastor  of  Trinity  Methodist  Church,  Des  Moines,  Iowa, 
instead  of  Thursday  prayer  meetings  has  substituted  "family 
picnics"  on  the  programs  on  which  movies  are  prominent.  The 
results  have  been  highly  gratifying. 

Rev.  Joel  H.  Metcalf,  pastor,  of  the  Unitarian  Church,  Win- 
chester, Mass.,  one  of  the  most  progressive  and  widely  known 
clergymen  of  that  state,  recently  declared  that  the  church  should 
change  its  policy  in  regard  to  motion  pictures  in  church  work. 
"The  attractions  that  are  taking  the  world  away  from  the  church 
should  be  used  to  bring  them  back,"  he  said.  "And  the  movies 
furnish  the  first  convenient  step." 

The  Homewood  Church,  of  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  Rev.  Dr.  P.  W. 
Snyder,  pastor,  is  giving  motion  pictures  in  the  church  on  Friday 
evenings.  Several  different  reels  are  shown,  one  always  being 
Bible  pictures.  Boys  and  girls  who  are  at  Sunday  School  on 
time  receive  a  free  ticket;  those  who  come  late  must  pay  three 
cents;  while  those  who  are  absent  must  pay  5  cents  admission. 
The  plan  is  working  well,  children  exerting  themselves  to  be  on 


time  so  that  they  may  obtain  the  free  ticket.    An  unusual  number 
of  new  scholars  has  been  enrolled. 

That  the  cause  of  foreign  missions  can  command  the  attention 
and  interest  of  numbers  of  people  when  presented  in  motion  pic- 
tures was  shown  in  Crawfordsville,  Indiana,  in  connection  with 
the  eight-day  missionary  institute.  In  a  town  of  less  than  12,000 
over  1,000  people,  filling  the  largest  motion  picture  theatre  in 
town,  saw  the  six-reel  missionary  photoplay.  Problems  of  Pin- 
Hole  Parish,  on  a  stormy  night  with  sidewalks  and  streets 
covered  with  ice.  Sixteen  college  trained  young  people,  ten  men 
and  six  women,  volunteered  as  foreign  missionaries. 

Pictures  are  being  shown  in  conjunction  with  regular  Sunday 
evening  services  at  the  Presbyterian  Church,  Hamilton,  Ohio. 

Rev.  P.  J.  Coffey,  rector  of  St.  Patrick's  Church,  Garryowen, 
Iowa,  is  giving  community  movies  in  the  school  hall  at  that  place. 

First  Unitarian  Church,  Toledo,  Ohio,  Rev.  Horace  Westwood, 
minister,  beginning  this  fall  will  have  motion  pictures  Sunday 
evening  in  connection  with  the  sermon  and  a  community  night 
program  during  the  week  showing  more  popular  films. 

9     9 
PEDAGOGICAL  RESEARCH  IN  VISUAL  EDUCATION 

(Continued  from  page  9) 
"The  Spectator,"  in  the  New  York  American,  quotes  Edison : 

'"I've  never  seen  a  boy  who  likes  to  go  to  school,  and  he  never  will 
until  they  change  their  method  of  teaching.  They  teach  by  word  in- 
stead of  by  eye  with  the  use  of  motion  pictures.  Some  time  ago  I 
lectured  to  children  with  the  aid  of  moving  pictures  and  they  understood 
the  principle  in  chemistry  I  was  illustrating,  and  would  have  stayed 
half  the  night  if  I  had  let  them. 

"Members  of  the  New  York  Board  of  Education  came  out  here  at 
my  invitation  some  years  ago,  and  when  they  had  seen  demonstrated  my 
principle  of  teaching  by  the  aid  of  moving  pictures  thought  there  was 
nothing  like  it.  After  they  reached  New  York  they  must  have  forgotten 
all  about  it. 

"You  could  teach  children  almost  anything  by  means  of  moving  pic- 
tures. The  Bureau  of  Standards  in  Washington  could  put  it  over.  They 
could  make  several  thousand  films,  send  them  to  the  several  States,  and 
all  the  scnools  would  have  to  procure  would  be  small  projectors.'' 

"The  Spectator"  then  adds  his  own  comment  which  is  so  in- 
teresting that  we  feel  constrained  to  quote  it: 

"Just  think  of  what  fun  scliool  might  be  made,  and  of  how  rapidly 
youngsters  would  climb  the  liill  of  knowledge,  and  what  a  crowd  there 
would  be  around  the  Pierian  spring,  if  educators,  instead  of  plugging 
along  the  old  road  of  teaching,  knew  enough  to  make  a  dash  into  this 
short  cut  of  moving  pictures. 

"History,  for  instance.  Wliat  if  the  educational  board,  or  whoever 
runs  things,  of  tlie  nation  would  charter  Griffith  or  Lasky  or  somebody 
to  take  a  company  of  actors  and  reproduce  the  entire  history  of  the 
United  States,  from  the  voyage  of  Columbus  and  the  adventures  of 
Ponce  de  Leon  and  De  Soto,  down  to  the  last  Presidential  inauguration 
all  right  on  the  original  spot  and  in  the  original  costumes! 

"I/earning  dates  and  all  that  is  monstrous  dry,  but  if  we  could  see 
Grant  and  Lincoln,  and  the  duel  between  Hamilton  and  Burr,  and  the 
surrender  at  Yorktown,  and  the  capture  of  Andre!  There  is  no  reason 
why  the  children  could  not  actually  live  over  the  history  of  their  country, 
until  they  would  know  it  as  well  as  the  story  of  their  own  family. 

"And  Geograpliy.  There  would  be  nil  the  difference  in  the  world 
between  Geography  living  and  Geography  dead.  The  boys  and  girls 
could  actually  visit  Kamtcliatka  and  Hawaii  and  not  just  hear  about 
them. 

"And  Science.  Here  the  field  is  as  limitless  as  wonderful.  Plants 
can  grow  Ijefore  our  eyes.  The  Insect  and  Animal  world  can  be  un- 
folded to  us.  The  laws  of  Physics  and  of  Chemistry  would  leap  forth 
as  living  things. 

"Of  course  no  lal)or  saving  device  can  do  away  with  the  necessity  for 
hard  mental  work,  drilling  the  memory  and  learning  self-discipline,  but 
schools  ought  not  to  exist  to  put  obstacles  in  tlie  way,  but  to  take  them 
out  of  the  way. 

"What  fools  these  mortals  be!  Here  we  are  getting  all  heated  up 
over  the  ))eril  of  the  Movies  and  concerning  ourselves  in  censoring  and 
regulating  them  as  thougli  they  were  merely  a  dangerous  thing. 

"Of  course  tlicy're  dangerous,  because  wliatever  has  jwwer  over  life 
is  dangerous,  as  fire,  electricity  and  love. 

"But  we  would  a  <leal  better  be  addressing  ourselves  to  the  task  of 
learning  how  to  i'le  tliese  great  powers  than  in  studying  how  to  curb 
them. 

"It's  much  better  to  make  trolleys  and  telephones  to  Use  electricity 
than   lightning   rods   to  escape  it. 

"Let  us  take  the  movies  by  the  hand,  and  quit  slapping  them  on  the 
wrist." 


18 


By   Mabel 
women's  clubs— community  welfare 

)0D  FOR  REFLECTION— U.  S.  Dept  of  Agriculture  2  reels 

ier.vice  equipment  and  management  of  hot  school  luncheons. 
IE  HIGH  ROAD— Y.  W.  C.  A.  3  reels 

rt'oinan's  work  in  the  development  and  maintenance  of 
lappv,  healthy  community  life. 

IE  IJOY  PROBLEM — National  Cash  Register  Company  1    reel 

■.IDERTOWN' — National  Cash  Register  Company  1    reel 

Touthful  energy  turned  into  constructive  channels. 

RECREATIONAL    (MEN'S   GROUPS) 

:5RRY'  LITTLE  VVT-PUT— Educational  1    reel 

Home-made   motor   boat   caught   in    Alaskan    ice   floe. 

)RTY-FIVE  MINUTES  FROM  BROADWAY— First  Na- 

'ioiml  5  reels 

Charles  Ray  in  the  amusing  old  comedy.     Cut  bringing  in  wine 

md  drinking  toast,  with  accompanying  sub-title.     Reel  1. 

IE  ANTS  AND  THE  GRASSHOPPER— Pa^W  2/3  reel 

\p';op's  Fable  with  cartoon  interpretation. 

GENERAL   RECREATIONAL 
■:A  IHERS— Prizma  1    reel 

jorgeous  plumage  of  rare  birds. 

5EPING  UP  WITH  lAZLVE—PatM  5  reels 

Irving  Bacheller's  novel  of  small-town  struggle  for  social  pre- 
•minence.     Highly  constructive. 

XKE   THAT   LAID   THE   GOLDEN   EGG— PofA«!  2/3  reel 

SCHOOL   PROGRAMS— LOWER   GRADES 
General  Subject:   Schoolroom  Tools 
I. 
:„\TE  INDUSTRY— B«.««ier  1  reel 

The  history  of  a  school  slate. 

IL 
•ONGING  FOR  A  lAWKG—Fitzpatrick  and  McElroy  1  reel 

(Ford) 
The  sponge  industry. 

IIL 
SVELOPMENT  OF  THE  ART  OF  WRITING—^.  N.  PaU      1  reel 
mer,  30  Irving  PL,  New  York. 

From  Egyptian  hieroglyphics,  papyrus,  and  vellum  inscrip- 
:ions  to  New  York  school  children  practising  the  Palmer 
Method  of  handwriting  in  1921. 

IV. 
'CRY'  OF  THE  LEAD  PESCll^-Commercial  Publicity  Film     1  reel 
7o.,  507  Fifth  Ave.,  New  Y'ork. 

V. 
\NUFACTURE  OF  PAPER  IN  MAINB—Beseler  Educa-      1  reel 
'.ional  Film  Co. 

illustrating  liow  the  wasp's  nest  first  suggested  paper-making 
from  wood  and  how  a  great  paper  mill  does  the  work. 

VL 
DROP  OF  INK  MAKES  MILLIONS  THITSIK— Stafford's 
Ink  Co.,  609  Washington  St.,  New  York. 

'T  OF  THE  INKWELI^GoWzt'^n   (Cartoon).  1/3  reel 

The  antics  of  a  merry  little  clown  that  comes  out  of  the  ink- 
*ell. 

VIL 
SITING  A  MAP  PUBLISHER— Aine<o.     (Urban  Movie        1    reel 
Chat.). 

low  atlases  and  school  globes  are  made.    .\lso  a  slow  motion  . 

)f  a  ball  balanced  in  jet  of  water;  a  tear  seen  under  a  micro- 
scope; a  visit  to  a  Shetland  pony  farm  nuiintained  for  a  family 
)f  children. 

NOON-HOUR  PROGRAMS— DEPARTMENT  STORES 

I. 
)OTPRINTS  OF  PROGRESS— ifcE/roy  Sloan  Shoe  Co.,  1  reel 

5t.  I.ouis,  Mo. 

I'he  evolution  of  the  shoe  from  the  sandal  of  the  cave  man 
o  the  20tli   centurv   footwear. 

iILOR'S  SHOP  (Mutt  and  Jeff  Cartoon)— Fox  Va  reel 

Mutt's  "pressing"  duties  make  trouble. 

II. 
!0M  RAW  SILK  TO  HOSIERY— .Va*to»wZ  Non-Theatrical       2  reels 
^[olion  Pictures,  230  West  38th  St.,  New  Y'ork. 
How  stockings  are  made. 

^THE  REVIEW  No.  97—Pathe  1  reel 

ncludes  full  process  of  button  making;  slow-motion  horse- 
iumping;  views  of  Mont  Blanc  incolors;  and  a  Hy  Mayer 
rravelaugh  depicting  by  cartoon  and  camera  scenes  in  the 
'ifth  Avenue  shopping  district. 

in. 

DES  AND  GO  SEEK— Educational  Film  Exchanges  1    reel 

rrapping  marten,  ermine  and  muskrats  in  Canada  for  the 
•ity  fur  trade. 

Tell  the  advertiser  you  read  his  ad  in  Eoccational 

19 


G.    Foster 

MICE  AT  WAR— Pa<A^  2/8  reel 

Aesop's    Fable    in    comedy-cartoon    form,    which    shows    a   cat's 
industry  in  mouse-pelts.  Cut  if  desired,  mice  shooting  home- 
brew at  cat. 

IV. 

LAND  OF  MADAME  BUTTERFLY— Fomou*  (Burton  1  reel 

Holmes) 
Scenes  in  the  land  where  silk-making  is  a  leading  industry. 

SILKS— fl^.  R.  Mallison  Co.,  299  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York.      '  2  reels 

The  manufacturing  process  of  many  silk  fabrics. 

V. 

MY  LADY'S  VEIL— £?.  and  Z.  Van  Raalte,  83  Fifth  Ave.,  1  reel 

New  York. 

PATHE  REVIEW  No.  75— PathS  1  reel 

Includes  European  lace-makers  at  work;  ancient  and  modern 
methods  of  pottery  making;  scenes  in  southern  France;  Bel- 
gian police  dogs;  and  a  Hy  Mayer  Travelaugh  picturing 
Coney  Island. 

INDIANA   INDORSERS'   APPROVED   FILM   LIST 
'T'HE  Indiana  Indorsers  of  Photoplays,  of  which  Mrs.  Charles 

L.  Davidson  is  chairman  of  the  picture  viewing  committee, 
recently  indorsed  the  following  films.  No  cuts  are  indicated  on 
this  list,  but  some  of  those  recommended  as  "family  films"  should 
be  especially  viewed  before  booking  for  groups  containing 
children : 

FAMILY' FILMS  Reels 

Among  Those  Present — Harold  Lloyd  comedy — Path^ 3 

The  Traveling  Salesman — Roscoe  (Fatty)  Arfcuckle — Famous  Players    6 

Black  Beauty — Jean  Paige — Vitagraph 7 

Through  the  Back  Door— Mary  Pickford — United  Artists _ 7 

Too  Much  Speed — Wallace  Reid — Famous  Players 5 

Sentimental  Tommy — Gareth  Hughes — Famous  Players 6 

The  Old  S-wimmin'  Hole — Charles  Ray — First  National 6 

Adventures  of  Bob  and  Bill — Pathi  Exchange _ 1 

Adventure  and  Emotion 
Get  Rich  Quick 

Peck's  Bad  Boy — Jackie  Coogan — First  National S 

Lessons  In  Love — Constance  Talmadge — (comedy  drama) 6 

Ready  to  Serve — Educational  Film  Exchanges   (comedy) —    2 

ADULT 

The  City  of  Silent  Men — Thomas  Meighan — Paramount 6 

O'Malley  of  the  Mounted— W.  S.  Hart— Famous  Players 6 

The  Qolden  Trail — Western  drama 

Scrap  Iron — Charles  Ray — First  National _ 8 

Little  'Fraid  Lady — Robertson-Cole 6 

Hold  Your  Husband 

The  Whistle— W.  S.  Hart— Paramount „ _ 6 

The   Kentuckians — Blue — Famous    Players-Lasky _ _ 6 

The  Man  of  the  Forest— W.  D.  Hodkinson  Film  Co.,  (Western  drama)     6 
EDUCATIONAL 

Niagara  the  Mighty  Thunderer — Prizma,  producer....! _ 1 

Scenes  in  Jerusalem  1 

The  Beauty  Spots  - 1 


HAVE  YOU  A  FILM  LIBRARY? 

You  can  have  immediate  shipment  on  hundreds  of  single  reel  subjects, 
A    splendid    motion    picture    film    library   for    you    at   minimum    cost. 
History  Science  Agriculture 

Geography  Industrials  Scenics 

Perfect  condition  guaranteed.    H5.00  per  subject. 
Write   for  catalogue   and   full   particulars 

FITZPATRICK  &  McELROY 

202  So.  State  St.  Chicago,  Illinois. 


FILMS  FOR  SALE 

NEW  AND  USED  PRINTS— REASONABLE  PRICE 

Feataree  —  Educatic  nals  —  Scenics 

Comedies — TraveloKues — Cartoons 

Special   attention    given    to   making   up   of   programs   for 

Schools,   Churches,   Clubs,  etc. 

We  also  take  pictures  of  entertainments,  outings,   and 

special   occasions. 

Write  for  further  information 

.l.*WITZ    nCTlRES    CORP.  729  Seventh  Ave.,  New  Vork  City 


Film  Magazine — it  means  better  service  for  you 


INDUSTRIAL   FILM   NOTES 

THE  passenger  department  of  the  Denver  and  Rio  Grande  rail- 
road is  using  motion  pictures  in  its  publicity  campaign.  The  film 
travelog  shows  tlie  wonderful  scenery  of  the  western  states  and 
places  of  interest  to  tourists:  Canyon  City,  Royal  Gorge  of  the  Arkan- 
sas river,  with  trains  running  through  it,  the  famous  hanging  bridge, 
the  road  leading  up  from  Canyon  City  to  tlie  high  line,  2,657  feet  above 
the  river  with  views  looking  down  from  the  brink  showing  trains  in 
operation  below;  scenic  views  from  tlie  top  of  Marshall  Pass,  showing 
the  picturesque  Sangre  de  hCristo  mountains,  the  scenery  through  the 
canyon  of  the  Gunnison  where  one  can  look  upwards  at  the  midday 
and  see  the  stars,  view  of  Eagle  river  country,  the  great  San  Rafael 
desert,  and   views  through  the  Wasatch  mountains  in   Utah. 

Coal  is  King  is  a  four-reel  film  of  the  coal  industry  which  illustrates 
the  most  approved  methods  of  conservation  of  fuel,  the  right  and  wrong 
methods  of  firing  boilers,  preserving  steam  pressure  and  how  to  obtain 
the  greatest  efficiency  from  power  machinery  in  industrial  plants.  It 
is  distributed  by  the  Diamond  Specialty  Company  of  Detroit. 

fflDi        1^ 

The  Supremacy  of  Oil  is  an  eight-reel  picture  of  the  oil  industry  pro- 
duced for  tlie  Kansas  and  Gulf  Company,  Chicago,  to  show  their 
stockholders  the  oil  interests  owned  by  the  company  in  Arkansas, 
Louisiana,  Kansas,  Oklahoma  and  Texas  and  method  employed  by  them 
in  the  production  and  marketing  of  the  product. 

The  Maxwell  Sales  Company,  Chicago,  is  exhibiting  in  its  salesroom 
a  film  of  tTie  Maxwell-Chalmers  plant  and  manufacturing  process.  Addi- 
tional prints  have  been  distributed  to  sales  agents  to  train  the  sales 
force.  m      m 

Look  Before  You  Leap,  a  new  five-reeler  produced  for  the  Reo  Motor 
Car  Company,  makes  a  strong  appeal  to  dealers  and  the  buying  public 
to  consider  the  financial  strength  and  manufacturing  ability  of  the 
company.     Thorough  tests  and  inspection  systems  are  shown  in  detail. 

The  Trail  of  the  Olympian  shows  the  development  of  train  locomotion 
in  this  country  from  the  old  saddle  back  engine  to  the  electric  locomotive. 
The  largest  locomofTve  in  the  world  in  operation  appears  in  this  film. 

Liquid  Gold,  a  seven-reel  film  depicting  the  production  of  fuel  oil,  is 
being  distributed  on  the  Pacific  coast  by  the  Southern  Pacific  Railroad. 


I  WRITE  I 

I     The  Non  Theatrical  Department     ■ 

1  oAlexander  Film  Corporation  | 

B  their  list  of  carefully  selected  features,  comedies  and  g 
H  colored  scenics  particularly  suitable  for  all  non-theatrical  H 
g  groups.  g 


STARS 


Fairbanks 

Hart 

Ray 


Arbuckle 

Stewart 

Keenan 


SPECIALS 


ALONG  THE  MOONBEAM  TRAIL 

MARTYRS  OF  ALAMO  WIZARD  OF  OZ 

TEN  HALF  REELS  ON  SWIMMING 


NEW  PRINTS 


LOW  RENTALS  H 


Alexander  Film  Corporation 

130  West  46th  Street  New  York 


Urban 


Popular 
Classics 


TNCLUDING: 

Kineto  Reviews 

Charles    Urban's    Movie 
Chats 

Great  American  Authors 

The  Animal  Kingdom 

Adventures   of  "Roving 
Thomas" 

Byways  of  Travel 

Science  at  Home 

-and  many  other  series. 

All  have  been  compiled  and  edited  by 
Mr.  Urban.  Every  subject  is  prepared 
in  one-reel  lengths.  More  than  300 
reels  are  now  available;  each  week 
marks  the  completion  of  five  new  reels. 


Write  for  details. 

KINETO    CO.  OF   AMERICA 

INCORPORATED 


7t  "W.  23rd  St. 


Prccidcnt 


NEW  YORK 


To  enttrtain  and  amutt  is  good 
To  do  both  and  instruct  it  better. 


T*  It  the  inlvtrtistr  yim  read  hi«  ad  in  Kduo-ationai.  Film  Maoazinb — it  means  better  service  for  you 

20 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 

Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 


"THE  MODERN  ALADDIN" 

THE  primary  object  of  the  series  of  motion  pictures  entitled 
The  Modern  Aladdin  is  to  popularize  the  use  of  electricity, 
depicted  in  fourteen  reels,  in  episodes  of  two  reels  each, 
and  distributed  by  the  National  Non-Theatrical  Motion 
Pictures,  Inc.,  232  West  38th  street.  New  York,  and  branch  ex- 
changes. At  the  beginning  of  each  episode  Aladdin  of  "The 
Arabian  Nights"  is  pictured  rubbing  his  lamp  and  seeing  the  ful- 
fillment of  his  wish.  The  spirit  of  Aladdin's  lamp  exists  today  in 
Jie  giant  known  as  electricity.  This  spirit  has  reached  all  parts 
af  the  civilized  world  and  is  regarded  as  mankind's  greatest  ser- 
vant. The  films  show  the  many  uses  of  electricity  by  picturing 
the  advancement  of  this  great  unknown  power  from  the  time  that 
Benjamin  Franklin  harnessed  it  by  means  of  a  kite  to  the  present 
day. 

"MODERN  MIRACLES" 
Modern  Miracles  visualizes  the  progress  civilization  has  made 
by  the  invention  and  development  of  electrical  power.  Scenes  are 
introduced  of  ancient  methods  of  hauling  stones  on  sleds  to  build 
the  Pyramids,  the  first  simple  mechanical  means  employed  for 
substituting  man-power,  and  the  use  of  animal  power  to  lighten 
the  industrial  burden. 

In  the  eighteenth  century  Benjamin  Franklin  suirmioned'  the 
god  of  power,  electricity,  from  storm  clouds  and  unaware  of  the 
force  of  the  giant  which  he  had  subjugated,  imprisons  this  new- 
found energy  in  a  Leyden  jar.  A  century  later  George  Westing- 
house  makes  electrical  power  available  to  all  mankind.  Views 
of  Westinghouse  plants  at  Pittsburg,  Newark,  Bloomfield,  Mans- 
field, and  the  products  manufactured  at  each  plant,  including  the 
making  and  assembling  of  motors  at  Pittsburg,  are  shown.  Ex- 
planation by  technical  animation  is  given  of  the  induction  motor. 
Electricity  has  solved  the  most  complicated  traffic  problem  in 
the  world,  that  of  New  York  City.  There  are  scenes  of  electric 
trains  bringing  thousands  of  persons  to  Manhattan  each  day; 
subway,  elevated,  and  surface  cars  electrically  driven;  and  close- 
up  views  of  one  of  the  big  power  houses  which  supply  the  current 
and  the  great  100,000  horse  power  Westinghouse  electric  turbine 
generator,  the  most  powerful  engine  in  the  world.  Pennsylvania 
Station,  Grand  Central  Station,  and  Hudson  Terminal,  which 
electricity  has  made  possible  in  their  construction  and  operation, 
are  likewise  shown.  There  is  a  visit  to  Coney  Island  where  elec- 
tricity furnishes  the  motive  power  for  many  of  the  amusements 
at  New  York's  playground  and  illuminates  it  so  brilliantly  at 
night. 

"THE  MAGIC  CITY" 

The  Magic  City  is  the  title  of  the  second  episode  which  shows 
the  important  part  played  by  electricity  in  the  development  of  the 
great  city  of  New  York.  It  is  an  interesting  travelog,  depicting 
the  city  and  harbor  lighted  by  electricity  at  night  and  the  value 
of  electrical  power  in  solving  the  industrial  and  transit  problems 
of  the  metropolis. 

Entering  the  harbor  by  night,  the  great  electric  torch  of  the 
Statue  of  Liberty  welcomes  the  visitor  through  the  mist  and 
assists  the  pilot  in  finding  the  channels  and  guides  him  to  the 
docks.  A  tour  of  the  harbor  by  day  shows  the  marine  transpor- 
tation facilities,  immense  warehouses,  and  the  battleship  U.  S.  S. 
Tennessee  entering  port,  every  movement  electrically  controlled. 


The  camera  gives  a  view  of  the  control  room,  the  operations  of  the 
steering  gear,  the  generator,  and  the  electrically-driven  winch  and 
rudder.  There  is  a  close-up  of  the  four  8,000  horse  power  motors 
which  drive  the  ship  and  the  Westinghouse  plant  at  East  Pitts- 
burg where  the  giant  motors  were  made,  also  scenes  of  the  manu- 
facturing and  assembling  the  motors. 

A  night  view  of  Broadway  discloses  the  Woolworth  building 
and  lower  part  of  the  city  lighted  by  electricity.  A  tour  of  this 
section  of  the  metropolis  by  day  gives  the  spectator  an  idea  of  the 
skyscrapers  and  the  congested  streets  of  the  world's  most  import- 
ant financial  district.  The  film  tour  continues  uptown,  stopping 
long  enough  to  show  the  Pennsylvania  Hotel,  the  largest  in  the 
world,  and  the  comfort  and  efficient  service  to  guests  made  possible 
by  electricity.  There  is  a  close-up  view  of  the  generators  which 
supply  the  light,  heat,  and  electrical  service  to  this  mammoth  hos- 
telry. The  electric  kitchen  and  the  hotel's  switchboard,  larger 
than  is  required  for  some  cities,  are  depicted.  Finally,  Broad- 
way by  night,  "The  Gay  White  Way,"  electric  lights  flashing  from 
windows,  street  lamps,  and  huge  electric  signs,  shaming  the  sun. 

'THE  MAKING  OF  SOAP" 

THE  Making  of  Soap  sounds  prosaic,  but  the  motion  picture 
discloses  an  interesting  manufacturing  process  on  a  scientific 
basis.  Pure  laundry  soap  contains  the  following  ingred- 
ients: tallow,  vegetable  oil,  borax,  rosin,  and  carbonate  of  soda. 
The  picture  shows  the  raw  materials  being  analyzed  and  tested  in 
the  laboratory  of  the  manufacturer.  Barrels  of  tallow  arc  placed 
on  frames  and  steam  applied,  causing  liquid  tallow  to  flow  from 
small  openings  in  the  barrels  into  tri>ughs  and  then  through 
strainers  into  settling  tanks. 

The  film  depicts  soap  being  mad.-?  in  small  quantities  in  the 
laboratory;  then,  following  the  same  process,  in  large  quanlilifcs 
in  the  factory  for  commercial  use.  Tallow,  vegetable  oil,  and 
distilled  waters  are  mixed,  then  lye  is  added.  Soap  is  a  product 
resulting  from  the  action  of  lye  upon  tallow,  rosin,  o.'  vegetable 
oil.  This  process  is  known  as  saponification.  Then  salt  brine 
is  used  to  separate  the  soap  from  thi?  lye  water  and  this  process 
is  called  graining.  Next  pure  rosin  soap  is  made,  the  same 
method  being  employed  as  in  the  making  of  tallow  soap.  Tallow 
soap  alone  produces  a  flat  lather  and  rosin  soap  produces  a  fluffy 
lather,  but  tallow  soap  and  rosin  soap  combined  in  proper  pro- 
portions is  the  formula  for  pure  laundry  soap. 

The  film  shows  the  mammoth  kettles  in  which  fifty  tons  of  soap 
are  made  at  one  time  and  each  step  of  soap  making  is  portrayed. 
After  the  tallow  soap  and  rosin  soap  are  combined  the  mixture  is 
put  through  a  purification  process  £Uid  a  solution  of  borax  and 
carbonate  of  soda  is  added  to  the  liquid  soap.  It  is  then  run 
into  frames  and  left  for  several  days  to  harden.  Each  frame 
contains  enough  soap  to  make  1600  cakes.  Cutting  the  soap  into 
cakes  is  done  by  piano  wire  strung  on  power  machines,  and  after 
several  days  in  the  drying  room  the  soap  is  stamped  and  wrapped. 

This  interesting  two  reel  picture  was  produced  by  George 
Turner,  of  the  Pathescope  Company,  for  Kirkman  &  Son,  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y.,  and  is  considered  one  of  the  most  successful  industrial 
pictures  made  this  year.  Prints  on  standard  and  narrow  width 
are  ready  for  distribution  in  the  New  England  and  Middle 
Atlantic  States. 


U 


"THE    KICK-BACK" 

THE  KICK-BACK  is  a  two-reel  drama  which  visualizes  the 
economic  and  social  advantages  of  high-powered  machinery 
to  industrial  workers.     Chris  Johnson,  crack  riveter  of  a 
shipyard,  and  his  gang  of  three  are  shown  in  a  speed  practice  for 
the  annual  riveting  contest,  while  old  Dad  Meacham,  a  veteran 
workman,  holds  a  stop-watch  on  them. 

When  the  day's  work  is  finished  Cliris  goes  home  and  interrupts 
his  little  daughter  Polly  at  play,  giving  an  imitation  piano  solo  to 
her  pets,  using  a  board  stretched  across  two  boxes  for  her  imaginary 
piano.  Chris  is  so  impressed  by  the  child's  longing  for  a  real  piano 
that  he  promises  he  will  buy  her  one  if  he  wins  the  prize  in  the 
riveting  contest.  The  riveting  competition  is  shown  and  as  Chris 
wins  he  is  presented  with  a  pennant  and  a  money  prize  while  his 
family,  coworkers,  and  town  officials  cheer  the  champion.  The 
prize  money  purchases  the  piano,  which  he  has  promised  Polly. 

The  following  day  the  foreman  of  the  shipyard  tells  Chris  and  his 
gang:  "They're  giving  us  a  battery  of  bull-riveting  machines  next 
Monday.  All  you  fellows  stay  but  no  more  hand-riveting  in  the  yard." 
Chris  and  the  other  workmen  are  stunned  by  the  announcement  and 
in  a  rage  sweaf  that  they  "will  start  something."  The  day  the 
riveting  machines  are  installed  Meacham  tries  to  counsel  them  but  is 
repulsed.  Meanwhile  an  agent  appears  at  Chris  Jolmson's  home  and 
finds  Mrs.  Johnson  and  Polly  struggling  with  the  tub  and  wringer, 
washing  the  family  linen.  The  agent  represents  a  manufacturer  of 
electric  washing  machines  and  Mrs.  Johnson  is  induced  to  order  one. 
She  is  waiting  to  tell  Chris  the  news  of  her  purchase  when  he  comes 
home,  announces  the  change  at  the  yard,  and  exclaims,  "Damn  all 
n>achinery.'  To  let  machines  do  the  work  that  belongs  to  men  ought 
to  be  a  crime."  Mrs.  Johnson  crushes  the  descriptive  folder  of  the 
washing  machine  out  of  sight  and  tries  to  soothe  him. 

The  riveting  machines  are  set  up  in  the  shipyard.  Chris  sees  a 
man  in  the  shed  installing  the  air  hoses  that  operate  them,  learns 
that  without  air  the  equipment  would  be  dead,  and  secretes  a  couple . 
of  axes  near  the  air  hoses  and  tells  his  gang  the  plot  to  cut  the 
connections.  Meacham  is  suspicious,  surveys  the  yard,  and  finds  the 
axes.  He  removes  the  blades  and  is  prepared  for  trouble  when  the 
huge  machines  swing  into  place  on  Monday  morning.  Chris  and  his 
gang  arrive  and  slip  away  to  the  shed  to  give  the  officials  the  kick- 
back which  they  have  planned.  Chris  explains  how  they  are  to  chop 
the  air  hose  and  he  reaches  for  the  hidden  axes,  and  finds  the  blades 
have  been  removed.  At  this  critical  moment  Meacham  appears  and 
exclaims,  "Listen  to  me  a  minute,  then  you  can  raise  the  devil  if 
you  want  to."  He  asks  them  to  consider  for  a  few  minutes  what 
life  was  like  before  machinery  was  invented  and  as  lie  tells  the  history 
of  industrial  progress,  it  is  depicted  on  the  screen. 

The  picturization  of  the  evolution  of  the  grain  industry  is  interesting 
and  of  real  educational  value,  as  hand  planting,  hand  reaping,  and  winno- 
wing grain  with  a  flair  are  shown.  In  striking  contrast  plowing,  planting, 
and  reaping  with  traction  engines  and  big  machines  visualize  labor- 
saving  devices  and  rapidity  of  harvesting  of  the  present  day.  Other 
visions  of  handwork  portray  how  in  former  generations  people  spent 
most  of  tlieir  lives  just  feeding  and  clothing  themselves  before  the 
introduction  of  machinery.  Views  of  modern  cloth  mills  are  shown 
where  the  efforts  of  a  few  girls  furnish  sufficient  to  clothe  hun- 
dreds of  persons.  The  foreman  recalls  the  days  when  workmen 
nearly  broke  their  backs  lifting  large  pieces  of  metal  in  the  shipyard 
while  now  an  electric  magnet  lifts  a  three-ton  piece  lightly  from  the 
ground.  He  adds  that  machinery  has  brought  more  comfort,  more 
leisure,  and  better  living  to  every  human  being. 

The  lesson  is  irresistible  and  when  Meacham  offers  the  axe  blades  to 
Chris  and  his  gang  they  have  no  desire  to  use  them.  Their  viewpoint 
has  changed,  and,  with  new  ideals,  they  follow  Meacham  to  the  yard 
where  the  foreman  approaches  Chris  and  asks  him  to  be  his  assistant 
and  use  his  brains  instead  of  his  brawn,  to  speed  up  the  riveting.  Chris 
hurries  home  with  the  good  news  at  the  close  of  the  day  and  finds 
Polly  at  the  piano  instead  of  helping  her  mother  with  the  washing 
and  his  wife  resting  while  the  new  electric  washer  is  doing  the 
family  wash.  She  is  apprehensive,  but  Chris  takes  her  in  his  arms 
and  reassures  her  by  declaring  that  he  has  learned  his  lesson  and  he  is 
in  favor  of  machines  instead  of  against  them  and  glad  to  see  one 
lifting  some  of  the  burden  of  housework   from  his  wife. 

This  new  form  of  industrial  picture  is  free  from  all  suggestion 
of  advertising  and  is  the  soundest  kind  of  Americanism.  It  ap- 
peals to  all  classes  of  industrial  workers  and  home-makers,  and 
is  a  valuable  addition  to  any  film  program.  It  was  produced  by 
the  Pilgrim  Pictures  Company  and  is  distributed  by  Educational 
Film  Exchanges.    The  film  was  directed  by  Carlyle  Ellis  and  the 

'-enario  written  by  Rufus  Steele  who  also  supervised  the  pro- 
duction. 


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ARMCO  IRON  AND  WELDING  FILM 

A  THREE  reel  film  distributed  by  the  American  Rolling  Mi 
Company,  Middleton,  Ohio,  is  being  exhibited  at  engineerii 
societies.  William  Spraragen,  secretary  of  the  division  of  engi 
eering,  American  Welding  Society,  at  a  recent  meeting,  emph 
sized  the  importance  of  every  engineer  in  the  future  being  the 
oughly  familiar  with  the  modern  method  of  welding.  It 
regarded  as  one  of  the  most  important  mechanical  process 
today.  It  will  eventually  replace  riveting  for  most  constructic; 
purposes,  with  an  enornius  saving  of  time  and  money. 

The  pictures  show  in  detail  the  various  operations  of  minin 
smelting,  refining,  rolling,  and  finishing  incident  to  the  prodii 
tion  of  Armco  iron  and  welding  wire.  The  pictures  are  in  th 
form  of  a  personal  visit  to  one  of  the  most  modern  steel  mills  ? 
the  country.  There  are  views  of  huge  machines  lifting  ladli 
containing  tons  of  molten  steel,  and  the  stages  through  whic^ 
the  materials  pass  to  the  finished  product  are  brought  out  vividl;] 
One  picture  shows  a  machine  lifting  ingots  weighing  2,0C' 
pounds,  the  machine  operating  with  an  exactness  approachin 
the  human  hand.  The  Rothacker  Film  Manufacturing  Compan 
produced  the  picture. 

The  Story  of  Plant  Food,  a  five-reel  picture,  distributed  by  tl 
Southern  Fertilizer  and  Chemical  Company,  Savannali,  Ga.,  is  exhibite 
in  rural  communities,  grange  meetings,  farm  bureaus,  and  agricultur 
colleges.  The  film  shows  scenes  from  the  various  sources  of  supply  usf 
in  the  manufacture  of  fertilizer  such  as  the  phosphate  rock  mines  < 
Florida,  fishing  grounds  of  the  Atlantic  coast,  the  Savannah  plant  of  tl 
company,  where  the  tons  of  fertilizer  material  gatliered  from  many  par 
of  the  world  are  tested  by  chemists  and  mechanically  mixed.  Tl 
picture  emphasizes  the  necessity  of  feeding  crops  with  scientifically  pr 
pared  plant  food  in  order  to  develop  the  huge  agricultural  resources  < 
the  country.  The  film  was  produced  by  George  B.  Turner,  of  tl 
Pathescope  Co.,  Inc. 


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your  industrial  problems  by  employing  Roder-Cowen 
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This  organization  of  trained  specialists  is  prepared  to 
analyze  your  problem  and  solve  it  in  Motion  Pictures, 
No  matter  whether  your  problem  relates  to  industry, 
welfare,  merchandising,  financing,  propaganda,  or  or- 
ganization, it  will  pay  you  to  consult  us — without 
obligation. 

Eugene  Roder,  general  director,  is  peculiarly  fitted  by 
his  experience  as  a  stage  director  to  give  his  work  that 
essential  human  touch  so  vital  to  the  popular  success 
of  a  film. 

Gertrude  F.  Co  wen,  as  a  journalist  and  editor,  makes 
her  contribution  to  the  publicity  and  sales  departments 
of  the  organization  of  exceptional  value. 

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FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


i  DETAILED  poultry  picture  in  six 
i  reels  is  being  used  by  Albert  An- 
:  !tell.  Jr.,  in  connection  with  his 
itures  to  fanners  and  poultry  raisers 
der  government  auspices.  This  is  one 
She  most  complete  productions  of  the 
llted  States  Department  of  Agricul- 
te  and  includes  the  following  topics: 
ie  natural  and  artificial  incubation 
itges.  methods  of  handling  brooders 
il  pens,  houses  and  pens  for  chick- 
fi  when  they  are  young  and  as  they 
lidi  maturity,  separation  of  cock- 
•1  and  pullets,  use  of  trap  nests 
1  llic  numbering  and  recording  of 
:■<,  embryology  of  the  egg,  testing 
:s  Kir  fertility  and  periodic  develop- 
nt  of  embryo,  how  to  break  broody 
i.ii,  tj-pes  of  various  breeds  of  poul- 
,  selecting  a  laying  hen,  culling  the 
i;k,  physical  characteristics  by  which 
jd  egg  producers  can  be  recognized, 
«  to  exterminate  mites,  ticks,  jig- 
s    iiid  other  Insects  and  lice. 

*  * 

■Qiildren  of  Sorrow",  faithfully  de- 
ling the  starving  children  of  Ar- 
•ni.i,  was  recently  presented  to  the 
lool  children  of  Macon,  Ga.,  at  the 
pitol   Theater   in  that  city. 

*  * 

:k5>inty  farm  bureaus  of  Illinois  are 
jwiiig  to  large  and  interested  op- 
nces  of  farmers  the  following  films 
it  out  by  the  University  of  Illinois. 
'isit    of    the    Victors",    a    two-reeler 

boys  and  girls  club  work;  "West- 
a  Cantaloupe  Industry",  one  reel; 
lealth  for  Hogs",  a  one-reeler  on 
?  control  of  hog  cholera  and  a  film 

tiil)ercuIosis  in  two  reels. 

*  * 

The  care  of  sheep,  work  of  the 
ministration  agent,  selecting  a  lay- 
;  lien,  and  scientific  gardening  were 
me  of  the  film  subjects  screened  at 
e  New  Grand  Theater,  Duluth, 
inn.,  during  the  recent  session  of 
e  Farmers'  Institute  comprising  250 
rmers  and  gardeners  in  northeast- 
n  Minnesota. 
I  *  * 

■Employees  of  the  federal  Depart- 
ent  of  Agriculture  in  Baltimore  have 
ganized  the  Baltusda  Club  whose 
.irpose  is  to  improve  the  efficiency 
r  the  department  work,  secure  better 
-operation  of  branches,  and  more 
iblicity.  In  this  connection  the 
Mb  will  show  motion  pictures  made 
'  the  agricultural  department  in  the 

iltimore   schools. 

*  * 

Movies    of    100   tree   stumps   blasted 

one    shot    by    the    Land    Clearing 

ssociation    of    Bayfield    and    Ashland 

junties.    Wis.,    were    recently    made. 

was  a  great  "shot". 

*  * 

"The  Milky  Way"  showing  how  milk 
produced  on  a  sanitary  dairy  farm 
id  fire  drill  films  were  recently  shown 
•  young  people  of  Watertown,  Wis., 
;  the  Classic  Theater,  under  the  aus- 
ces  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

*  * 

I  "The  Life  of  Shakespeare",  six 
jiels;  "America's  Answer",  six  reels; 
ad  a  one  reel  comedy  made  up  a 
,>ng  program  at  the  high  school,  Med- 

ird.  Wis. 

I  *  * 

I  At  community  meetings  held  in 
'rundy  County,  111.,  farm  and  poul- 
T  films  and  other  subjects  of  the 
!deral  and  state  agricultural  de- 
artments  are  being  used  to  good  ef- 
wt.  *  • 

Central  Presbyterian  Church  of  Den- 
er,  Colo.,  gives  community  movies 
rery  Friday  night  in  the  basement  of 
le  church.  There  is  a  full  stage  and 
ghting  equipment  and  spoken  plays 
re  presented  as  well  as  motion  pic- 
jres. 

Recent  films  exhibited  by  the  Y.  M. 
'.  A.,  Decatur,  111.,  were  "Sleeping 
eauty",  "Feathertop",  "The  House 
hat  Jack  Built",  and  "Midnight 
rolics."  *  * 

A  recent  program  at  the  Methodist 
hurch,  Plainwell,  Mich.,  was  com- 
osed  of  "The  Half-Back"  as  the  lea- 
ure   and    a    one    reel    comedy,    "Star- 

ght  Sleep." 

*  * 

About  2,500  farmers  and  a  brass 
and  attended  a  showing  of  "Good- 
lye  Boll  Weevil",  a  federal  depart- 
lent  of  ai^riculture  film,  on  a  recent 
aturday  in  Yorktown,  Texas,  by  Owen 
-.  Howarth  of  the  farm  department 
f  the  San  Antonio  &  Aransas  Pass 
laiiroad.      The    farmers    came    from 


eighteen  miles  around  to  see  the  pic- 
ture  and   hear  the   addresses. 

The  Medical  Society  of  Pasadena, 
Calif.,  through  a  committee  of  three 
physicians  and  several  civic  organiza- 
tions has  asked  local  motion  picture 
theaters  to  exhibit  two  health  films 
each  week  for  the  benefit  of  the  public. 

*  * 

The  local  chapter.  Knights  of  Colum- 
bus. In  Elkhart,  Ind.,  has  purchased  a 
motion  picture  projector  for  the  pur- 
pose of  exhibiting  films  of  an  educa- 
tional character. 

*  * 

The  film  of  Sir  Ernest  Shackleton's 
trip  to  the  South  Pole  regions,  known 
in  this  country  as  "The  Bottom  of  the 
World,"  was  recently  playing  to 
crowded  houses  at  one  of  the  leading 
theaters  in  Stockholm,  Sweden,  and  at 
the  same  time  the  motion  picture  of 
the  Swedish  Prince  Wilhelm  expedition 
to  Central  America  was  being  pre- 
sented. The  Swedish  Kinematograph 
Society  and  various  school  authorities 
are  endeavoring  to  obtain  a  govern- 
ment subsidy  for  educational  films. 
Lwrture  societies  are  using  motion  pic- 
tures generally  and  the  Labor  Educa- 
tional Association  has  sent  out  a  lec- 
ture tour  with  a  film  adapted  from  a 
book  by  the  late  August  Strindberg. 

*  * 

A  recreational  motion  picture  pro- 
gram conducted  by  Rev.  Walter  M. 
Morgan  of  the  Methodist  Church.  Cory- 
don,  Iowa,  has  met  with  much  success. 
The  church  is  always  crowded  for  the 
pictures.  Between  reels  the  words  of 
a  hymn  or  secular  song  and  typewrit- 
ten slides  enjoining  the  need  of  wor- 
ship, the  right  use  of  recreation,  the 
observance  of  the  Sabbath,  or  other 
theme  is  thrown  on  the  screen. 

*  * 

The  Methodist  Church  of  Plankinton, 
S.  D.,  has  abandoned  the  week-night 
community  program  and  arrangements 
have  been  effected  between  the  local 
theater  and  the  church  whereby  the 
theater  is  closed  on  Sundays  and  a 
better  cla.ss  of  pictures  promised  dur- 
ing the  week.  The  pastor  is  coopera- 
ting in  the  selection  of  the  theater 
programs.         *  • 

C.  J.  Blanchard,  statistician  of  the 
United  States  Reclamation  Service, 
following  his  Indian  Citlzenshin  Day 
address  at  Hampton,  Va.,  exhibited 
colored  still  pictures  and  motion  pic- 
tures of  ancient  and  modem  life 
among  American  Indians.  In  his  talk 
he  said:  "I  have  always  liked  the  In- 
dian for  his  spirit  of  Independence  and 
his  resistance  to  slavery.  The  Indi-^n 
is  a  great  lover  of  the  land  of  his 
fathers.  The  Indian  has  always  been  a 
man  of  his  word  among  his  friends. 
He  has  also  been  blessed  with  the  fine 
sense  of  gratitude.  The  Indian  has  al- 
ways had  a  keen  eye  for  the  beautiful 
in  Nature  and  has  made  his  home  in 
places   that   are   scenically  beautiful." 

*  * 

Motion  pictures  were  .shown  at  the 
Grand  Opera  House,  Galveston,  Texas, 
during  the  recent  annual  convention 
of  the  Graduate  Nurses'  Association 
of  Texas  and  the  League  of  Nursing 
Education   and  Public   Health. 

*  * 

The  State  Deaf  and  Dumb  School, 
Devils  Lake.  N.  D.,  has  Installed  high 
grade  motion  pictures  for  educational 
and   entertainment   purposes. 

*  * 

The  technique  of  camouflage  used 
during  the  war  was  shown  in  film  to 
the  engineering  section  of  the  R.  O. 
T.  C.  in  Urbana,  III.,  and  the  Major 
L.  E.  Atkins  lectured  to  the  students 
on  the  subject. 

Films  of  Mount  Vesuvius  taken 
from  an  airplane  as  it  hovered  over 
the  crater  of  the  famous  volcano  and 
pictures  of  the  ruins  of  Pompeii  and 
Herculaneum  were  made  by  a  stafl 
cameraman  of  the  Pathe  News.  It  Is 
said  that  for  one  year  Alberini,  the 
intrepid  cinema  operator,  tried  to  ob- 
tain permission  from  the  Italian  gov- 
ernment to  take  these  pictures. 

*  * 

Motion  pictures  were  a  feature  of 
"Well  Baby  Week"  held  under  the 
au.snices  of  the  Cooperative  Infant 
Welfare  In.stitute  of  Oregon  in  Port- 
land, Ore.,   May  S  to  7. 

*  * 

The  basement  of  the  Plainville, 
Connecticut,  Grammar  School  has  been 
converted  into  a  movie  theater  and 
the  children  recently  saw  "What  the 
Ocean  Hides"  and  a  reel  on  safety 
in  crossing  streets.  Good  educationals 
will  be  screened  from  time  to  time. 


A  six  reel  feature  comedy  and  three 
reels  of  agricultural  subjects  made 
up  a  recent  program  of  the  local  ag- 
ricultural club  at  the  high  school, 
Bridgeport,  111. 

The  welfare  work  of  The  National 
Catholic  Welfare  Council  and  the 
Knights  of  Columbus  was  recently 
shown  in  motion  pictures  on  the 
screen  of  the  church  hall  of  Our  Lady 
Of  Good  Counsel,  Auroro,  111.,  by  Rev. 
L.   M.    Linden,  the  pastor. 

"Pollyanna"  was  the  feature  of  a 
community  night  program  at  the  First 
Methodist  Church,  San  Diego,  Calif. 
There  was  an  extra  showing  of  the 
picture  in  the  afternoon  for  the  chil- 
dren. No  admission  charge  was  made, 
a  silver  offering  being  taken  up  at 
both  performances. 

*  * 

Rev.  Carl  H.  Bamett,  pastor  of  Oak- 
cliff  Christian  Church,  Dallas,  Texas, 
invited  all  the  ministers  of  the  city 
to  attend  the  showing  of  "The  Stream 
of  Life"  at  his  church  on  three  suc- 
cessive nights. 

*  * 

Rev.  C.  E.  Flynn,  pastor  of  the  First 
Methodist  Church,  Princeton,  Ind.,  Is 
giving  regular  movie  entertainments 
on  Friday  night  of  each  week. 

*  * 

The  William  Fox  production  of  "Les 
Miserables"  with  William  Farnum  as 
Jean  Valjean  was  a  recent  feature 
at  the  Senior  High  School,  Little  Rock, 
Ark. 

*  * 

"Mrs.  Wiggs  of  the  Cabbage  Patdi" 
with  Marguerite  Qark  in  the  leading 
role  was  the  community  night  program 
of  the  First  Baptist  Church,  Beloit, 
Wis. 

"Visual  Education  and  the  Proper 
Use  of  Films  in  Educational  Work" 
was  the  theme  of  an  address  by  Prof. 
R.  D.  Salisbury  of  the  University  of 
Chicago  at  the  seventeenth  annual 
meeting  of  the  Federation  of  Illinois 
Colleges  recently  held  in  Jacksonville, 
111. 

*  if 

"The  Happier  Way'*,  "Food  for  Re- 
flection", "Layers  and  Liars"  and 
"A  Matter  of  Form"  were  shown  at 
the  A-Muse-U  Theater,  Qinton,  Iowa, 
in  connection  with  the  home  dem- 
onstration work  during  the  Biennial. 
«  * 

Two  government  agricultural  films, 
"Home  Gardening"  and  "The  Govern- 
ment Poultry  Farm"  were  shown  re- 
cently free  of  charge  for  the  benefit 
of  farmers  and  home  gardeners  at 
the  Grand  Theater,  Columbus,  Ga. 


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23 


TEKNAGRAPH  AS  A  VISUAL  TEACHER 

(Continued  from  page  5) 

OvEE  1,000  Technical  Drawings  in  This  Film 
A  good  example  is  the  Norfolk  engine  sub- 
ject, a  four-reel  film.  This  is  considered  the 
most  successful  instructional  fUm  that  has 
been  made,  and  is  therefore  representative  of 
what  a  classroom  film  must  be.  To  produce 
it  involved,  besides  the  use  of  actual  photog- 
raphy, the  making  of  upward  of  1,000  separate 
technical  drawings,  each  of  which  had  to  be 
drawn  exactly  to  scale  and  many  of  which  con- 
tained considerable  fine  detail.  A  large  pro- 
portion of  these  drawings  were  what  are 
commonly  known  in  commercial  illustrating  as 
wash  drawings,  or  technical  water-color 
paintings.  Here  is  where  the  animated  techni- 
cal drawing  differs  largely  from  the  animated 
cartoon,  which  is  much  simpler  to  produce. 
Wash  drawings  were  employed  to  show  the 
interior  of  the  engine,  both  idle  and  running, 
in  order  to  give  the  greatest  possible  reality 
to  the  pictures  on  the  screen.  For  it  was 
soundly  reasoned  that  the  more  they  looked 
like  the  actual  parts  of  the  engine  in  opera- 
tion, and  the  less  like  textbook  diagrams,  the 
more  useful  they  would  be.  But  these  could 
not  be  ordinary  wash  drawings;  they  had  to 
be  specially  made,  not  for  the  usual  halftone 
reproduction,  but  to  have  the  proper  values 
when  manipulated  under  the  lens  of  the  motion 
picture  camera.  Only  by  the  strictest  atten- 
tion to  detail  and  utilizing  unlimited  patience 
can  so  many  technical  drawings  be  produced 
in  proper  relation  to  each  other,  their  proper 
continuity  maintained,  and  their  photographing 
carried  out  so  that  the  resultant  motion  picture 
realistically  portrays  on  the  screen  what  it  is 
intended  to  .show.  In  the  case  of  this  Nor- 
folk engine  film,  it  shows  the  interior  of  the 
engine  while  starting,  stopping,  and  running 
at  various  speeds;  shows  in  complete  interior 
detail  various  adjustments  of  the  needle  valve 
of  the  carburetor  being  made;  shows  in  fact 
every  movement,  every  adjustment,  results  of 
improper  adjustments  and  neglect,  the  short- 
circuiting  of  the  electric  current — clearly  shows 
all  the  hidden  functionings  which  ordinarily 
are  so  hard  to  describe  in  a  manner  to  be 
understood  and  retiicmbcred,  and  of  course 
impossiljle   to   be   seen. 

In  manuufacturing  it  is  an  open  secret  that 
the  production  of  a  new  article  of  merchandise, 
something  nnich  more  simply  constructed  than 
a  marine  motor,  from  plans  already  complete, 
is  a  long,  arduous  and  expensive  undertaking. 
Everybody  is  glad  when  the  first  model  is  com- 
pleted, and  everybody  knows  that  its  cost  has 
been  sky  high,  comj)ared  with  what  duplicates 
of  it  will  be  turned  out  in  quantity  pro- 
duction. Making  an  instructional  film  em- 
bodying teknagraphy  is  a  similar  undertaking. 
Before  the  start  is  made  even  highly  trained 
experts  cannot  accurately  foresee  how  much 
work  there  will  be  or  how  long  it  will  take, 
because  even  after  the  scenario  is  written  and 
approved,  production  of  the  film  is  m<>.stly  all 
creative  work. 

Another  Bray  instructional  film  provides  a 
good  example  of  .some  of  the  difficulties  that 
must  be  surmoimled  when  the  tcknaprajih  sec- 
tions are  to  be  intcrlar(;^d  with  sections  of 
actual  photography.    'W'hciwlhcy  were  making 

TcU  the  adverliter  you 


the  films  on  map  reading  for  the  use  of  the 
army,  during  the  war,  there  was  difficulty  in 
showing  the  purpose  of  contour  lines.  Here 
unexpectedly  something  other  than  drawings 
had  to  be  used.  The  director  had  to  fall  back 
upon  straight  photography,  and  more — had  to 
build  a  miniature  mountain  and  rotate  his 
camera  over  it.  The  former  was  done  with  the 
aid  of  a  sculptor.  Cords  were  laid  around  the 
mountain  at  proper  distances  to  represent  the 
different  contour  lines  or  100-foot  elevation 
marks  appearing  on  maps.  Then  a  vertical 
semi-circular  arch  was  made  and  set  in  posi- 
tion spanning  the  mountain,  with  a  camera 
secured  to  it  so  that  it  could  travel  over  the 
span;  thus  the  camera  in  traversing  the  arch 
would  look  down  upon  the  mountain  from  all 
angles  in  a  sweep  of  180  degrees,  and  at  the 
same  time  the  shadows  on  the  mountain  would 
remain  constant.  To  have  rotated  the  moun- 
tain vertically  before  the  camera  would  h.ive 
been  easier,  but  then  the  shadows  would  h."»« 
moved  like  a  kaleidoscope,  which  would  liave 
been  confusing  and  destructive  of  the  simula- 
tion of  reality. 

The  filming  of  the  mountain  started  at  its 
base,  to  show  that  the  contour  lines  were  par- 
allel and  equidistant,  vertically.  Then,  slowly 
traversing  the  arch,  the  camera  photographed 
the  progressive  changes  in  the  appearance  of 
the  mountain,  pausing  at  the  center  of  the 
arch,  where  the  lens  looked  down  upon  the 
contour  lines  as  they  are  ordinarily  seen  on  a 
map,  and  then  going  on,  like  the  bear,  to  see 
the  other  side  of  the  mountain.  When  pro- 
jected the  film  visualized  the  contour  lines  so 
completely  in  their  relation  to  the  conforma- 
tion of  the  earth's  surface  represented  by  tlie 
miniature  mountain,  that  only  a  soldier  devoid 
of  even  a  smattering  of  abiUty  to  understand 
could  faU  thoroughly  to  grasp  the  principle 
of  the  use  of  contour  lines  on  maps.  The  film 
showed  him  as  clearly  as  could  be  that  contour 
lines  represented  elevations  of  the  earth's 
surface,  that  they  were  close  together  where 
the  slope  was  steep  and  far  apart  where  it 
was  gradual,  and  that  on  any  map  they  gave 
instant  knowledge  of  the  conformation  of  the 
terrain   represented. 

In  teaching  map  reading  in  the  army  the 
greatest  difficulty  had  always  been  to  "get 
over"  the  meaning  of  contour  lines.  Now  this 
combination  of  actual  photography  and  tek- 
nagraph  film  explains  it  so  well  that  the  soldier 
rarely  afterwards  has  any  difficulty  with  it. 
(To  be  concluded  in  October  issue) 

"SHOOTING"  GORILLAS  WITH  CAMERA 

(Continued  from  page  7) 
camera,  which   is  another  important  factor   in 
his    success,    before    any    attempt    is    made    to 
shoot  with  rifles. 

In  pentrating  the  homes  of  these  beasts  and 
especially  in  an  attempt  to  capture  the  young, 
.Mr.  Akeley  realizes  he  is  risking  his  life  but 
he  believes  the  cause  to  science  so  great  that 
unle.ss  .some  one  takes  that  risk  these  interesting 
animals  may  become  extinct.  He  will  train  a 
native  gun-bearer  who  knows  no  fear  to  follow 
in  his  footsepts  with  a  movie  camera. 

The  native  knows  only  two  things  which  it 
ib  his  duty  to  perform: 

Wlien    Mr.    Akeley   stops,   which   may   mean 
that  gorillas  arc  in  the  bush  just  ahead  of  him, 
rtad  hit  ad  in  Educational  Film  Magazine— it  meant 
24 


the  native  sets  down  the  camera,  points  it  ( 
Mr.  Akeley  and  where  he  is  looking,  and  crank 
Should  any  action  take  place  such  as  a  charj 
or  even  an  appearance  of  this  huge  beast  it  wi 
be  recorded  on  the  film  and  cranking  will  I 
continued  until  Mr.  Akeley  signals  to  sto] 
This  method  the  explorer  figures  may  prov 
to  be  the  only  way  a  gorilla  picture  may  b 
obtained.  In  such  dangerous  work  the  gu 
must  always  be  foremost  and  the  camera  mu 
necessarily  take  second  place. 


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some  of  the  best  known  families  in  this  coun- 
try. Inquiries  are  given  inviolable  confidence. 
Cinematof^rapher 

DANIEL  J.  GOFF 
320  Wrigley  BIdg.  CHICAGO 


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Degrading  Versus  Elevating  Films 

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Filming  Moose  Amid  Forest  Fires 
Home  Movies  Twenty  Years  from  Now 

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How  Shall  We  Break  the  Deadlock? 


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Vol.  VI 


OCTOBER,  1921 


No.  4 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


EDITORIAL  3 

How  Shall  \Ve  Break  the  Deadlock? 

DEGRADING  VERSUS  ELEVATING  FILMS 4 

By  L.   N.   Hines 

IMPARTIAL  INVESTIGATION  OF  VISUAL  AIDS  IMPERA- 
TIVE         5 

By  John  J.  Tigert.  M.A.,  LL.D.     Illustrated 

300  CHICAGO  PUBLIC  SCHOOLS  TO  HAVE  MOVIES 6 

SCHOOL  FILMS  FOR  SIAMESE  CHILDREN 7 

WHEN  A  DOG  SEES  HIMSELF  ON  THE  SCREEN 7 

By  Clyde  E.   Elliott 

FILMING  MOOSE  AMID  FOREST  FIRES 8 

Illustrated 

MAKING  MOVIES  PAY  IN  YOUR  CHURCH 10 

By    Rev.    F.    B.    McAllister 

HOME  MOVIES  TWENTY  YEARS  FROM  NOW 11 

By   Dolph    Eastman 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS.. 12 

Illustrated 

INDUSTRIAL  DEPARTMENT  16 

Edited    by    Leona    Block.     Illustrated 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 18 

THE  TEKNAGRAPH  AS  A  VISUAL  TEACHER  18 

By    J.    Milnor    Dorey.     Conclusion 

Adyertisements 


Loose-Leaf  Catalog. Inside  front  cover 

Charles   F.   Herm,  Inc 2 

Kirkman  &  Son 19 

Uenr.v  BoUnian    19 

School  &  Society 20 

Porter   E.   Sargent 20 

Inst,  for  Public  Service 20 


Daniel    J.    Golf 20 

New  Era  Films 20 

Fitzpatrick  &  McElroy.  Inside  back  cover 
Jawitz  Pictures  Corp..     "        "        " 

Eastern  Film  Corp "        "        " 

KIneto  Co.  of  America.     "         "         " 
Eastman  Kodak  Co Back  cover 


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present  anticipating.  Therefore 
you  may  consider  me  one  of  the 
indispensable  users  of  this  fine 
specimen  of  your  lalmrs  already. 
You  have  requested  criticisms.  I 
have  none  to  make. — 0.  G.  Soweb, 
Atlanta,   Ga. 

I  have  received  your  Loose-Leap 
Catalog  and  think  that  it  will  be 
a  great  convenience  and  help. — 
Rev.  Stanley  R.  Grubb,  Christian 
Church,    Winder,    Ga. 


of  Scientific   Motion  Pictures 
and  Life  Extension  Films 


Mr.  Charles  F.  Herm  who  has  devoted  so  many  years  to  the  development 
of  motion  pictures  for  use  in  visual  education  announces  the  completion 
of  a  new  series  of  educational  films. 

These  films  are  specially  constructed  for  educational  purposes  and  have  received  the  endorse- 
ment of  leading  educators  and  exponents  of  visual  education  throughout  this  country 
and  Europe.  At  all  times  have  the  factors  necessary  to  successful  visual  education  been 
carried  in  the  minds  of  the  producers  and  these  elements  are  also  embraced  in  the  editing, 
titling  and  general  preparation  of  each  individual  subject. 

The  series  includes  the  following  subjects: 


1.  A  fascinating  film  story  of  the  birth  and 
life  history  of  Robin  Red  Breast. 

2.  The  incubator  mother  and  her  brood — 
the  development  of  the  chick  embryo. 

3.  A  modern  fish  hatchery — the  develop- 
ment of  the  yellow  perch  in  hen's  eggs. 

4.  The  marvels  of  crystallization,  the  for- 
mation of  various  crystals. 

5.  The  function  of  the  heart. 


6.  The  course  of  blood  through  heart  and 
body. 

7.  A  microscopical  view  of  the  circulation 
of  the  blood. 

8.  The  blood  and  its  ingredients, 

9.  Dangers  that  threaten  the  heart. 

10.  Eye  sight  the  master  sense. 

11.  Optical  principles  in  vision. 

12.  The  optical  defects  of  the  eye. 


We  are  offering  these  films  for  educational  and  non-theatrical  purposes  at 
6V2  cents  per  foot,  or  a  rental  fee  of  $2.50  per  reel  per  exhibition,  plus  ex- 
pressage. 

For  prompt  service  and  complete  details 
com.municate  with 


Charles  F.  Herm,  Inc. 


Candler  Building 
Suite  1603 


220  West  42nd  St.,  N.  Y. 


TfU  the  adverliter  ytiu  rend  hit  ud  in  Edli'jitiunai.  Kilm  Maoazink — it  meant  belter  aervice  for  you 

2 


Established  January,  1919 


COVERINO  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWINO  DEPARTMENTS: 

Agriculture  Community  Oeography  Health   and  Sanitation     Pedagogy  Scenio 

Biography  Current  Events       History  Industry  Recreational  Science 

Civics  and  Oovemment         Cultural  Home  Economics         Juvenile  Religion  Sociology 

Drama  Fine  Arts  Literature  Natural  History  Technical 

;  Published  Monthly  DOLPH  EASTMAN.  Editor  MABEL  G.  FOSTER.  Assistant  Editor 


Topical 


Vol.  VI 


OCTOBER,  1921 


Travel 

Welfare 

Women 


No.  4 


HOW  SHALL  WE  BREAK  THE  DEADLOCK? 

THAT  a  deadlock  exists  in  the  educational  and  non- 
theatrical  department  of  the  motion  picture  indus- 
try, caused  by  the  failure  of  producers,  distribu- 
tors and  exhibitors  to  get  together  on  a  business- 
like, workable  basis,  cannot  be  denied.  The  fact  is  un- 
deniable ;  yet  conditions  in  this  branch  of  the  film  industry 
for  some  years  have  resembled  the  old  problem  in  physics, 
relic  of  our  school  days:  What  happens  when  an  irresistible 
object  meets  an  impenetrable  obstacle? 

The  deadlock  in  educational  films  is  due  to  several  im- 
portant factors  the  modification  or  elimination  of  which 
is  entirely  practicable.  The  difficulties  which  lie  across 
the  road  to  solution  of  the  problem  are  as  dense  and  numer- 
ous as  fallen  trees  and  thick  undergrowth  over  an  unused 
jpath  in  the  forest.  Yet  the  dauntless  woodsman  cares 
inaught  for  obstacles  which  nature  places  in  his  way;  he 
hacks,  and  saws,  and  blazes  his  trail  through  the  tangle. 
jShall  we  of  the  educational  and  motion  picture  worlds, 
iwho  have  already  overcome  so  many  lesser  obstructions, 
jbe  baffled  by  the  greater  which  loom  before  us?  In  moun- 
tainous country,  when  railroad  engineers  cannot  follow  a 
valley  or  climb  mountain  sides,  they  tunnel  through. 

Perhaps  the  time  has  come  for  us  in  the  non-theatrical 
film  field  to  tunnel  through. 

9     & 
Now  let  us  see  what  these  several  factors  are  which  have 
caused  the  deadlock. 

First,  educators  demand  strictly  educational  pictures, 
not  theatrical  films  masquerading  as  instructional.  Strictly 
educational  films  do  not  exist  in  quantity  because  producers 
claim  that  it  does  not  pay  to  make  them;  that  the  overhead 
is  too  great  and  it  takes  too  long  to  get  back  the  original 
cost  of  production,  due  to  the  inability  of  schools  and  col- 
leges to  pay  profitable  prices  for  rentals  and  purchases  of 
prints.  This  same  difficulty  is  encountered  among  the 
churches,  and  to  somewhat  less  irritating  degree  among  the 
I  dubs,  prisons,  lodges,  granges,  welfare  institutions,  and 
•  industrial  plants. 


Second,  the  economic  factor,  which,  after  all,  is  the 
dominant  one,  as  Commissioner  Tigert  brings  out  in  an 
article  in  this  issue.  The  cost  of  projection  machines,  of 
cameras,  of  film  rentals  and  purchases,  of  independent  film 
production,  of  screens  and  accessories,  of  operators — even 
the  cost  of  the  time  consumed  in  darkening  rooms  and  giv- 
ing screen  exhibitions — all  enter  into  the  calculations  of 
educators,  ministers,  and  other  workers  in  this  field. 

Then  there  is  the  question  of  safety,  which  is  not  present 
in  theaters  or  auditoriums  where  large  crowds  gather  and 
where  all  safeguards  are  provided.  It  is  true  that  this 
has  become  a  minor  matter  and  that  there  is  now  little  or 
no  risk  attached  to  the  use  of  portable  projectors  using 
standard  width  inflammable  film  without  booths  or  licensed 
operators;  but  the  public — and  especially  parents  and 
teachers — are  timid  and  this  feeling  of  fear  has  a  tendency 
to  retard  the  natural  development  of  the  educational  pic- 
ture field.  Even  the  most  expensive  standard  width  port- 
able projectors  now  contain  fireproof  and  foolproof  de- 
vices and  an  amateur  operator  would  have  to  be  careless 
indeed  to  set  fire  to  film  under  such 'safeguards. 

Another  factor  in  the  situation,  less  troublesome  than 
it  has  been  and  destined  to  disappear  entirely,  is  the  inter- 
nal opposition  in  the  ranks  of  educators,  ministers,  and 
official  boards  to  the  use  of  motion  pictures  or  other  visual 
aids.  This  attitude  is  the  traditional  one  of  conservatives 
in  every  profession,  the  inevitable  legacy  of  the  one-track 
mind  handed  down  from  one  generation  to  another.  The 
disturbing  fact  here  is  that  many  of  the  leaders  are  ultra- 
conservative  rather  than  progressive  and  the  rank  and  file 
are  inclined  to  follow  them  rather  than  think  things  out 
for  themselves.  This  complicates  matters  and  adds  fur- 
ther to  the  difficulties. 

»■     »■ 
How  shall  we  break  the  deadlock?     Educators,  church- 
men, editors,  scenaroists,  directors,  producers,  distributors, 
exchange  managers,  and  others  interested  in  the  non-thea- 
trical motion  picture  industry  have  been  asking  one  another 
(Continued  on  page  4) 


I 


DEGRADING  VERSUS  ELEVATING  FILMS 

What  a  School  Investigator  Found  in  a  Marquette,  Michigan,  _ 

Theater — "Movies  Must  Clean  Up  or  Be  Cleaned  Up" 

By  L.  N.  Mines 

state    Superintendent    of    Public    Instruction    of    Indiana 


THE  motion  picture  business  has  become  one  of  the  greatest 
industries  of  the  United  States.  The  imagination  can  hear 
the  tramp  of  the  millions  that  go  in  and  out  of  the  movie 
theaters  from  one  end  of  the  country  to  the  other.  There 
is  no  objection  to  clean  entertainment,  but  one  is  led  to  wonder 
from  w^hat  he  sees  of  the  movies  wrhether  to  any  great  extent  the 
people  are  getting  clean  entertainment  when  they  spend  their 
money  for  a  few  reels  of  action. 
""  An  investigator  connected  with  the  Northern  State  Normal 
School  at  Marquette,  Michigan,  recently  made  a  personal  investi- 
gation of  several  showings  of  films  and  analyzed  the  elements 
presented  in  one  theater  over  a  period  of  thirty  consecutive  days. 
He  divided  the  elements  he  outlined  into  two  groups — ^Group  A 
and  Group  B.  In  Group  A  he  recorded  his  findings  of  elements 
that  tended  to  degrade  the  mind.  To  go  into  detail  he  found  that 
out  of  the  thirty  consecutive  showings  of  pictures,  deceit  was 
shown  on  twenty-six  nights,  jealousy  on  nineteen  nights,  fighting 
eighteen,  killing  sixteen,  vulgarity  fourteen,  selfishness  twelve, 
gambling  seven,  disobedience  seven,  robbery  six,  cruelty  five, 
forgery  one. 

Under  Group  B  he  assembled  his  record  in  regard  to  the  ele- 
ments of  the  pictures  that  would  tend  to  elevate  the  mind.  He 
found  devotion  pictured  on  thirteen  nights,  pity  eleven  nights, 
pure  comedy  five,  heroism  four,  invention  two.  In  other  words, 
the  figures  show  that  in  131  cases  degrading  thoughts  were  brought 
to  the  minds  of  the  spectators  and  in  thirty-five  cases  elevating 
thoughts  were  brought  to  the  minds  of  the  spectators.  This 
investigation  shows  a  preponderant  tendency  of  the  pictures 
investigated  to  injure  those  who  paid  their  money  to  see  the  films 
shown. 
•^  It  may  be  argued  that  not  all  motion  pictures  are  like  those 
investigated  and  that  the  situation  generally  is  not  as  bad  as  that- 
discovered  by  this  particular  investigator;  but  those  who  go  to 
movies  very  much  and  do  any  thinking  or  analyzing  when  they 
go  there  will  readily  testify  that  all  too  often  cheap,  vulgar, 
debasing  scenes  are  put  on  the  screen  in  order  to  entertain  the 
public  and  in  order  to  get  from  the  pockets  of  the  people  the 
money  that  goes  to  make  the  motion  picture  industry  a  great 
financial  enterprise. 

We  have  said  many  times  that  the  motion  picture  business  must 
clean  up  or  be  cleaned  up.  Those  who  formerly  managed  the 
liquor  business  in  this  country  could  not  take  similar  advice  from 
anyone  and  so  their  business  was  cleaned  up  and  exterminated 
for  them.  The  people  of  this  country  move  slowly  many  times 
but  they  move  surely,  and  when  the  time  comes  for  them  to  do  so 
they  will  see  to  it  that  the  movie  business  is  put  where  it  cannot 
do  any  more  harm.  Vulgarity  of  all  kinds  should  be  banished 
from  the  screen.  Lewd  and  coarse  scenes  should  never  be  toler- 
ated for  an  instant  anywhere.  It  may  be  said,  however,  that 
clean  movies  will  not  make  money  and  it  is  necessary  to  have 
dirty  movies  in  order  to  make  a  movie  theater  pay.  This  country 
would  be  infinitely  better  off  with  the  movie  business  banished 
entirely  if  its  success  were  dependent  upon  the  besmirching  of  the 
minds  of  the  millions  of  boys  and  girls  and  the  millions  of 
other  folks  who  should  know  better  than  let  themselves  be  sub- 
jectad  to  such  influences. 

When  one  is  asked  about  what  is  to  be  done,  our  answer  is  that 
motion  pictures  are  here  to  stay.     They  are  one   of  the  most 


wonderful  inventions  of  modern  times,  but  their  use  must  b 
elevated  and  they  must  be  introduced  into  school  and  church  wor 
where  people  can  see  what  is  greatest  and  best  in  an  interestin 
world.  Schoolhouses  everywhere  should  be  equipped  with  mu 
tion  picture  machines,  and  companies  should  be  encouraged  i 
their  efforts  to  put  on  the  market  educational  and  other  clea 
films  of  all  kinds.  The  development  should  be  in  this  directio 
and  those  who  are  helping  in  this  cause  are  doing  a  great  worl 
The  commercial  movies  must  clean  up  or  they  will  get  cleane 
up.  Lewdness,  vulgarity,  and  indecency  on  the  stage  and  ti 
screen  must  go. 


HOW  SHALL  WE  BREAK  THE  DEADLOCK? 

(Continued  from  paye  3) 

that  question  for  some  time.  Where  is  the  Houdini 
loosen  the  shackles  in  the  steel  chest  and  set  these  eage 
workers  free?  Who  will  guide  us  through  the  labyrint 
of  obstacles  in  which  we  find  ourselves?  How  shall  wi 
untangle  the  sorry  mess  and  bring  to  millions  of  childre 
in  America  their  motion  picture  birthright  on  the  screer 
of  thousands  of  schools  and  churches? 


^ 


i 


The  situation  is  by  no  means  hopeless.  Already  th 
clouds  are  showing  signs  of  breaking  and  faint  streak 
of  simlight  are  beginning  to  filter  through  and  touch  tl^ 
hills  with  hope.  Man  is  ingenious  and  usually  finds 
way  out  of  the  most  absurd  and  impossible  situations.  I 
this  instance,  it  seems  to  us,  the  solution  of  the  problem 
involved  lies  in  intensive  cooperative  effort  honestly  an 
intelligently  directed.  It  means  the  bringing  together  o! 
all  those  seriously  interested  in  the  working  out  of  th 
problems,  laying  out  a  definite  and  well-considered  pre, 
gram,  engaging  in  numerous  tests  and  experiments,  formi| 
lating  standards  of  production  and  practice,  organizing  sy^ 
tems  of  distribution,  evolving  methods  of  exhibition,  an 
placing  the  entire  scheme  of  visualized  education  on 
sound  economic  basis.  Through  individual  effort  littl 
can  be  accomplished.  Through  cooperative  effort  all  c 
the  present  impedimenta  can  be  swept  away  and  the  roa 
cleared  for  future  progress.  > 

A  few  half-hearted  attempts  at  such  a  cooperative  pla 
have  been  made  but  all  have  ended  in  failure.  Variou 
reasons  for  such  failures  might  be  assigned,  but  it  is  cei 
tain  that  the  deadlock  can  be  broken  only  by  united  effoi 
and  skilfully  directed  team  play,  free  from  selfish  motivf 
and  misguided  personal  ambitions.  Visual  educatio 
must  ultimately  triumph;  and  the  goal  may  be  attaine 
within  the  next  few  years  if  cooperative  counsel,  planning 
and  organization  are  ably  conducted  on  a  great  nationa 
scale  and  in  a  spirit  of  mutual  helpfulness  to  this  anij 
future  generations.  ! 


IMPARTIAL  INVESTIGATION  OF  VISUAL  AIDS  IMPERATIVE 

"The  Question  of  Economic  Prodnction  Is  Absolutely  Fundamental" 

— Ultimate  Triumph  of  Visual  Education 

Certain 

Bv  John  J.  Tigert,  M.  A.,  LL.  D. 

United  States  Commissioner  of  Education 


1  /TAN  is  preeminently  a  seeing 
.m/l  animal.  Sight  is  the  prin- 
Lt_M_  cipal  avenue  of  his  informa- 
tion. John  Milton  wrote  of 
.e  five  senses  as  the  "Five  Gateways 
[■  the  Soul."     The  eye  is  the  greatest 

these  "Gateways."     Thomas  Edison, 

is  said,  has  estimated  that  85  per 
lait  of  the  sensuous  knowledge  that 
e  receive  comes  through  the  eye,  9 
;r  cent  through  the  ear,  and  the  rest 
'.rough  the  other  senses — touch,  taste, 
lid  smell. 

'If  it  be  true,  as  John  Locke  main- 
fined  in  the  "Essay  on  the  Human 
mderstanding"  and  as  many  psycho- 
.gists  of  the  present  day  maintain, 
at  all  knowledge  originates  in  sensa- 
>n — ^"Nihil  est  in  intellectu  nisi 
ius  in  sensu"- — and  if  Mr.  Edison's 
timate  is  correct,  then  it  is  evident 
)w  completely  we  are  dependent  up- 
.1  the  eye  as  the  greatest  basis  of  edu- 
i.tion.  Out  of  each  100  facts  we  ac- 
'lire,  85  will  come  through  the  eye, 

will  come  through  the  ear,  and  6 
TOugh  the  other  senses. 
J  It  is  probable,  however,  that  some 
formation  is  derived  from  sources 
at  are  not  sensuous;  reason,  intui- 
)n,  and  other  processes  must  be  con- 
lered.  Furthermore,  it  is  quite 
;ely  that  the  proportion  of  knowledge  derived  from  various 
urces  and  senses  is  not  a  fixed  constant  and  that  the  exact 
■tio,  estimated  by  Mr.  Edison,  even  if  approximately  correct  in 
■'■  proportions,  is  not  true  for  all  persons  and  under  all  condi- 
>ns.  Doubtless,  there  will  be  considerable  variation  with  dif- 
rent  individuals  according  to  differences  in  mental  types,  ages, 
'  vironment,  and  other  circumstances. 

The  Eye  Man's  Chief  Source  of  Knowledge 

Without  entering  into  the  hairsplitting  analyses  of  the  philoso- 
ler  and  the  psychologist,  we  can  readily  recognize  that  the  eye 
man's  chief  source  of  knowledge.  I  have  frequently  asserted 
d  reiterate  it  here  that,  if  I  had  the  option  of  being  deprived  of 
f  sight  and  retaining  all  other  forms  of  sensation  or  of  retain- 
I  5  my  sight  and  being  deprived  of  all  other  forms  of  sensation, 
vould  without  hesitation  retain  my  vision  and  sacrifice  all  other 
ises.  I  believe  that  this  would  be  the  choice  of  every  man. 
If  we  turn  our  minds  back  to  the  far-off  school  days  of  the  past 
d  attempt  to  recall  what  we  learned,  I  think  that  we  will  agree 
It,  in  certain  subjects,  the  material  presented  in  pictures  has 
mehow  lingered  more  persistently  than  the  words  of  our  teachers 
our  textbooks.     For  example,  I  can  recall  vividly  the  pictures 


rjR.  JOHN  JAMES  TIGERT,  United  States  Commissioner 
of  Education,  was  born  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  February  11. 
1882.  Educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Kansas  City  and 
Nashville,  he  graduated  from  the  famous  ^\^?bb  School  at 
Bellbuckle,  Tenn.,  and  Vanderbilt  University.  Dr.  Tigert 
was  the  first  Rhodes  scholar  from  Tennessee  matriculated 
at  Oxford  University,  England,  which  in  191,5  honored  him 
with  its  M.  A.  degree.  He  taught  philosophy  and  psy- 
chology at  Central  College,  Fayette,  Mo.,  from  1907  to 
I'MO  and  at  the  University  of  Kentucky,  Lexington,  from 
1011  to  iai7,  in  the  latter  year  taking  the  chair  of  psychol- 
ogy alone.  Dr.  Tigert  is  well  known  as  a  lecturer  and 
writer,  and  is  the  author  of  "Philosophy  of  the  World 
War."  Kentucky  University  recently  conferred  upon  him 
the    honorary    degree   of   doctor   of   laws. 


in  the  little  "History  of  the  United 
States"  that  I  studied — Washington 
crossing  the  Delaware  amid  ice  floes^ 
the  terrible  scene  at  Valley  Forge,  the 
final  surrender  at  Yorktown,  and  many 
similar  pictures — but  I  cannot  recall 
today  what  my  teachers  or  textbooks 
said  about  those  events.  One  may  be 
more  visually  inclined  than  another 
but  I  think  that  most  persons  have  the 
same  experience  that  I  have  described, 
Man  relies  so  completely  upon  his 
eye. that  it  puzzles  and  occasionally 
irritates  him  to  observe  other  animals 
which  rely  more  largely  upon  other 
senses.  We  have  been  provoked  at 
dogs  which  pursue  rabbits  by  means 
of  smell  rather  than  by  means  of  ri- 
sion.  The  rabbit  will  sometimes 
double  back  a  hundred  yards  or  more 
on  the  trail  and  pass  within  a  few  feet 
of  the  pursuing  dog.  The  dog  could 
cut  across  and  save  much  ground  in 
the  chase  but  he  runs  steadily  down 
and  back  up  the  trial  of  the  rabbit 
because  his  pursuit  is  controlled  by  hi? 
sense  of  smell  and  his  eye  never  seems 
to  discover  the  rabbit  until  he  is  prac- 
tically in  contact  with  it. 

Dangers  in  Abstract  Reasoning 
Alone 


We  have  already  stated  that  probably  some  knowledge  is 
derived  from  reason,  as  maintained  by  Kant  £md  others.  The 
more  highly  a  man  is  trained  to  think  reflectively,  the  more  he 
tends  to  put  his  attention  upon  abstractions  and  overlook  the 
things  presented  to  the  senses.  Thus,  some  men  become  what 
is  commonly  called  absent-minded.  Their  attention  is  turned  in- 
ward and  they  do  not  react  intelligently  at  times  to  the  situa- 
tions that  develop  through  the  eye  and  other  senses.  Thus  it 
happens  that  a  very  learned  man  may  start  a  fire  out  of  bric-a- 
brac  or  ornaments  about  the  room  when  coal  and  wood  lie  before 
his  eyes  on  the  hearth  or  do  some  other  inexplicable  thing  that 
an  ignorant  man  would  be  unlikely  to  do. 

Our  methods  of  teaching  have  greatly  accentuated  abstract 
thinking  in  the  past.  No  one  would  minimize  the  value  of 
reasoning  on  abstract  things,  but  it  has  its  danger  in  that  it 
tends,  when  unaccompanied  by  a  corresponding  stimulation  of 
the  senses,  to  disassociate  one  from  the  world  of  things  which  is 
perceptible  to  the  senses  alone. 

If  our  premises  be  accepted,  then  it  will  be  admitted  by  all, 
I  think,  that  the  time  has  come  when  we  must  make  a  thorough 
survey  of  the  materials  of  visual  education  with  the  purpose  of 
making  our  teaching  more  effective  and  of  securing   a  better 


balanced  type  of  education.  A  great  deal  of  visual  instruction 
has  long  been  in  vogue.  I  refer  to  the  use  of  illustrations, 
charts,  and  maps  which  have  been  abundantly  used  in  some 
courses  of  study.  The  use  of  slides,  stereoscopes,  films,  and 
similar  devices  is  more  recent  and  may  be  justly  regarded  as  in 
its  incipiency.  These  are  materials  whose  values  should  be  care- 
fully investigated.  A  great  many  new  devices  are  being  brought 
into  the  field  at  the  present  time,  daylight  screens  and  projectors, 
projectoscopes  for  the  projection  of  opaque  objects,  paper  reels, 
and  so  forth. 

Impartial  Investigation  Badly  Needed 
Various  inventors,  commercial  producers,  and  enthusiasts  are 
putting  forward  the  particular  thing  in  which  they  happen  to 
be  interested  financially  and  otherwise.  What  is  badly  needed 
is  an  impartial  study  of  the  various  materials  in  an  experimental 
way  in  order  to  determine  the  comparative  value,  the  most  effec- 
tive organization,  and  the  proper  relationship  of  these  materials 
so  as  to  produce  the  best  results  from  an  educational  stand- 
point. The  question  of  economic  production  is  absolutely  fun- 
damental and  is  perhaps  the  greatest  problem  involved  but  effi- 
ciency from  the  teaching  standpoint  must  not  be  sacrificed  to 
commercial  interest.  Because  the  film  has  become  the  basis  for 
one  of  the  largest  of  present  day  industries  and  (as  a  medium 
for  amusement  purposes),  a  source  of  great  commercial  gain,  the 
problem  of  economic  production  of  films  for  educational  uses 
is  made  more  difficult. 

It  required  a  great  deal  of  thought  to  produce,  develop,  and 
perfect  the  motion  picture  for  commercial  and  amusement  pur- 
poses but  it  will  require  still  more  thought  and  vastly  more  in- 
vestigation and  experimentation  to  discover  the  best  adaptation 
of  materials  for  educational  work.  Under  what  circumstances 
to  use  the  film,  the  slide,  and  the  other  aids  of  visual  education 
_must  be  investigated;  when  such  aids  should  be  used  in  connec- 
tion with  textbooks,  with  talks  by  teachers,  with  discussions  by 
the  pupils,  for  the  most  satisfactory  results,  and  countless  other 
things,  will  have  to  be  experimentally  determined. 

Ultimate  Triumph  of  Visual  Education 
Of  the  ultimate  value  and  triumph  of  visual  aids  to  education 
I  have  not  the  slightest  doubt.  Imagine,  if  possible,  what  a  vast 
difference  the  motion  pictures  of  historical  events,  now  being 
enacted,  will  make  to  teachers  of  history  in  the  generations  to 
come.  Hundreds  of  years  hence,  teachers  will  be  able  to  show 
in  the  schoolroom  motion  pictures  of  Woodrow  Wilson,  Warren 
G.  Harding,  and  succeeding  presidents.  If  in  addition  they  take 
in  the  phonograph  and  hear  these  men  delivering  their  epochal 
addresses,  who  can  estimate  the  advantage  that  the  child  of  the 
future  may  have  over  the  child  of  the  past  in  imbibing  a  real  vital 
contact  with  and  knowledge  of  the  men  and  events  that  make  his- 
tory? Imagine,  if  possible,  what  it  would  mean  to  the  teaching  of 
the  history  of  our  Civil  War  period  if  we  could  see  Abraham  Lin- 
coln delivering  his  immortal  speech  at  Gettysburgh  and  at  the 
same  time  hear  his  words  as  he  actually  uttered  them.  Those 
events  came  too  early  but  future  generations  will  not  be  blinded 
to  the  vision  of  the  great  history  makers  of  our  time  nor  will  their 
ears  be  deaf  to  their  living  voices. 

Qr^      nnii 

AN  OFFICIAL  CRITICISM 

The  Movie  Manager — Good  morning,  ma'am.  I  asked  you  to  call  be- 
cause I  wanted  your  opinion  on  some  of  my  features. 

The  New  Censor-  -Well,  to  begin  with,  your  forehead  is  too  low,  your 
eyes  are  not  mates,  your  nosi-  is  too  big  and  bulbous,  your  mouth  is  too 
large  and  flal)by  and  you've  little  or  no  chin.  Otherwise  they  will  do 
very  well.     Is  that  all?— iV.  Y.  Olobe. 


til 


300  CHICAGO  PUBLIC  SCHOOLS  TO  HAVE  MOVIE! 

50  Now  Fully   Equipged  for  Exhibition  of  Informational 

and  Instructional  Reels 

CHICAGO  is  showing  its  heels  to  New  York  so  far  as  molir 
pictures  in  the  schools  are  concerned.  With  the  beginnif 
of  the  new  term  in  the  public  school  system  of  the  West  > 
metropolis  fifty  of  the  buildings  were  equipped  eind  ready:( 
screen  informational  and  instructional  films.  Eventually,  acc(|l 
ing  to  Dudley  Grant  Hays,  director  of  extension  work  for  ^( 
Chicago  board  of  education,  all  of  the  300  public  schools  of  ii 
city  will  be  thoroughly  equipped  to  show  films,  slides,  and  olfc: 
visual  aids  to  learning  for  the  benefit  of  the  440,000  pupils  b 
rolled.     Said  Mr.  Hays:  | 

"Fifty  of  the  newest  public  school  buildings  in  Chicago 
equipped  with  machines,  operators  and  fireproof  projecting  ro 
In  a  few  weeks  educational  films  will  show  the  various  proo 
of  plant  and  animal  life,  the  originals  and  the  stories  of  alln 
great  masterpieces  of  art,  scenes  from  foreign  countries  shorn 
how  other  nations   live,  current  reviews  and  the  like.     In  ii 
time,  when  funds  are  available,  every  one  of  the  300  school)^ 
Chicago  will  have  its  motion  picture  theater.     Movies,  or  visa 
education,  as  we  call  it,  is  essential  to  modern  instruction.     ]ii 
a  plan  that  has  been  thoroughly  studied  by  modern  educators  i 
found  excellent." 

From  now  on  it  is  hoped  to  extend  the  motion  picture  \^t 
in  the  Chicago  public  schools  until  it  becomes  an  integral  paio 
the  teaching  system  and  indispensable  to  the  curriculum.  Hf( 
tofore  movies  in  that  city  have  been. used  merely  as  entertaini^ 
but  now  they  enter  upon  the  more  serious  and  useful  stage.  0 
American  cities  have  engaged  in  similar  work  but  few  of 
with  the  official  sanction  and  appropriations  of  the  boardi 
education.  Chicago  is  the  first  city  to  do  so  on  a  large  andji 
portant  scale.  In  other  cities  where  official  action  has  been  tse 
there  have  been  handicaps  and  various  obstacles  placed  in  1 
way  of  successful  operation. 

Chicago's  board  of  education  has  given   Director   Hays 
his  associates  a  free  hand  in  the  working  out  of  the  visual  sch  i 
and  what  is  more  important,  ample  funds  with  which  to  ope;t 
School  boards  and  administrators  of  many  other  American  ci 
will  watch  this  experiment  carefully  and,  if  it  is  successful,  fo, 
the  example.     New  York  should  have  set  the  pace,  but  no 
must  fall  in  line  behind  her  more  progressive  and  far-seeing  Sl 
city  of  the  west.  If      if 

FIGHTING   DISEASE   WITH   FILMS   IN   POLA 

EVERY  city  and  town  in  disease  infested  Poland  will  || 
motion  pictures  showing  sanitary  ways  of  living.  The  A^i 
ican  Jewish  Relief  Committee,  of  which  Louis  Marshall  is  cl 
man,  announces  that  a  staff  of  expert  motion  picture  men  wil 
employed  in  this  campaign  of  public  health  education  which 
be  undertaken  at  once.  Special  attention  will  be  paid  to 
communities  in  which  typhus  and  tuberculosis  are  rampaa 
order  that  the  children  may  be  taught  how  to  help  thems< 
This  project  will  be  under  the  direction  of  Dr.  Harry  Plo 
New  York. 

In  addition,  plans  are  under  way  for  the  erection  and 
tenahce  of  delousing  stations,  public  bathhouses,  sanitary 
dries,  and  other  essentials  to  prevent  central  Europe,  and  p« 
the  entire  world,  from  passing  through  the  throes  of  an 
epidemic  similar  to  influenza. 

Henry  H.  Rosenfelt,  national  director  of  the  American-Je 
relief  committee  stated  that  $2,000,000  of  the  $14,000,000 
which  is  to  be  raised  this  fall  will  be  set  aside  for  medicalji 
vice,  of  which  the  motion  picture  project  is  a  part. 


lnII 


:p-'c 


SCHOOL  FILMS  FOR  SIAMESE  CHILDREN 

The  King's  Own  Student  Investigating  Visual  Education  in  America 
Following  The  Visit  of  Prince  Songkia 


VEN  far-away  little  Siam  has  read  the  handwriting  on  the 
(^      schoolroom  wall,  "Teach  with  movies,"  and  has  delegated 

J  one  of  the  king's  own  students,   of  whom  there  are  at 

present  seven  in  the  country,  to  look  into  visual  education 
I  developed  in  America,  report  his  findings  to  his  majesty,  Rama 
h  Sixth,  and  advise  as  to  the  use  of  similar  methods  in  Siamese 
'hools. 

(Nai  Prasart  Sone  Sukhum  has  been  sent  by  the  superintendent 
ij  Siamese  government  students,  Phya  Medha,  of  Cambridge, 
'ass.,  to  join  the  Society  for  Visual  Education  at  its  headquarters 
;  Chicago  and  Evanston.  His  instructions  are  not  only  to  mark, 
ftrn  and  digest,  but  to  lend  a  helping  hand  to  cameramen,  labora- 
<ry  workers  and  ofiSce  and  shipping  forces  in  every  way  possible 
•in  other  words,  to  "learn  to  do  by  doing." 
^Young  Mr.  Sukhum,  whose  honorable  father  is  minister  of 
•cal  government  in  Bangkok,  the  capital  of  Siam,  and  who  has 
•mself  been  one  of  the  courtiers  in  the  royal  palace,  is  attending 
Aool  in  this  country  at  the  king's  personal  expense.  His 
!aajor"  is  motion  pictures,  with  special  reference  to  their  educa- 
imal  value. 

"We  believe  in  my  country,  as  you  do  here,"  said  Mr.  Sukhum, 
hat  the  right  way  to  teach  is  to  use  the  power  to  understand  that 
;s  in  the  human  eye.  This  is  the  best  way  because  it  is  the  easy 
d  the  simple  way.  At  the  present  time,  of  course,  almost 
iilhing  is  being  done  with  visual  education  in  Siam.  In  the 
st  place,  only  a  very  few  private  schools  in  Bangkok  and  other 
'rge  cities  of  the  kingdom  are  supplied  with  projectors.  Also,  it 
ould  have  been  difficult  to  get  the  right  films. 

Will  Produce  Educationals  in  Siam 
"That  is  soon  to  be  changed,  however.     Before  very  long  we 


I 


WHEN  A  DOG  SEES  HIMSELF  ON  THE  SCREEN 

Psychological  Reactions  of  Trumps  a  Convincing 
Demonstration  of  Movie  Realism 

By  Clyde  E.  Elliott 

of   Post   Pictures   Corporation,    New   York 

riRUMPS  the  wire-haired  fox  terrier,  which  appeared  in  the 
Post  nature  pictures  A  Tale  of  A  Terrier  and  My  Barefoot 
Boy,  was  placed  on  the  floor  near  the  screen  when  the  pic- 
res  were  projected.  In  the  early  scenes  of  My  Barefoot  Boy, 
'lich  was  run  first,  the  dog  and  a  12-year-old  boy  are  shown 
indering  about  in  the  woods  and  along  streams.  As  Trumps 
Itched  the  screen  and  saw  himself  and  his  companion,  he  sat 
rfectly  quiet,  with  eyes  fixed  on  the  fleeting  images  of  the  silver 
eet.     The  boy  was  familiar  to  him  and  also  the  scenes.  Plainly, 

was  puzzled. 

Then  came  a  scene  in  which  he  fights  and  kills  a  woodchuck. 
woodchuck  is  his  enemy.  He  has  dug  several  of  them  out  of 
sir  holes,  and  even  is  shown  doing  it  in  this  film.  So,  when 
r.  Woodchuck  entered  the  scene,  Trumps  became  fully  ani- 
Ued,  quivering  in  his  whole  body.  There  on  the  screen  he  and 
;  woodchuck  were  fighting.  He  must  have  recalled  that  battle, 
r  he  sprang  right  at  the  screen  and  came  against  it  with  a  bang. 
'  i  was  up  against  something  new  now.     He  tried  to  bite  that  part 

the  screen  on  which  the  image  of  the  woodchuck  flickered, 
iling,  he  started  to  paw  the  spot.     Then  off  the  screen  jumped 


expect  to  use  the  best  school  films  made  in  America  and  Europe, 
and  also  to  produce  educational  motion  pictures  of  our  own.  The 
Prince  of  Songkia  has  already  secured  some  American  school 
films,  such  as  reels  on  the  life-cycle  of  butterflies,  an  introduction 
to  bacteria,  and  methods  of  waste  disposal  in  large  cities.  The 
English  titles  have  been  sent  to  the  court  artist  in  Siam  to  be 
remade  in  our  language." 

Mr.  Sukhum  explained  that  it  was  at  the  suggestion  of  the 
king's  brother.  Prince  Songkia,  who  has  studied  at  various  Ameri- 
can universities,  that  he  was  sent  to  the  society  for  practical  work. 
Prince  Songkia,  he  stated,  emphasized  the  necessity  not  only  of 
mastering  technical  matters  like  indoor  and  outdoor  photography, 
microphotography,  production  of  titles,  assembly  of  films  and 
operation  of  projector,  but  of  learning  the  psychology  of  an  edu- 
cational film. 

"We  know  that  a  red  school  film  is  more  than  just  a  piece  of 
patchwork,"  Mr.  Sukhum  continued.  "There  should  be  sound 
pedogogy  behind  it.  It  must  be  carefully  planned,  so  that  it  has 
a  close  relation  to  the  textbook.  That  is  why  I  am  to  study  what 
American  pioneers  in  visual  education  are  doing. 

"I  am  also  much  interested  in  the  use  of  slides  for  teaching. 
Even  now  we  use  them  to  a  fairly  large  extent  in  Siam.  I  like 
especially  the  combination  projector  you  are  using  in  your  Amer- 
ican schools.  The  device  which  enables  the  teacher  to  show  either 
motion  pictures  or  slides  with  the  same  machine,  so  that  she  may 
bring  slides  into  the  film  showing  at  any  point,  is  to  me  very 
wonderful.  It  gives  the  teacher  every  chance  to  make  a  real  suc- 
cess of  her  work  in  visual  education." 

Following  his  practical  initiation  into  the  production  of  school 
films,  Mr.  Sukhum  is  scheduled  to  undergo  a  complete  technical 
course  at  one  of  the  well-known  Eastern  institutes  of  photography. 


the  woodchuck,  and  Trumps  was  again  mystified.  He  raced  to 
the  side  of  the  room  and  tried  to  get  behind  the  screen,  believing 
(as  we  must  suppose)  that  the  'chuck  had  gone  there.  During 
the  remainder  of  the  time  the  picture  was  being  projected 
Trumps  was  busy  trying  to  find  his  enemy,  glancing  only  now 
and  then  up  at  the  screen  to  see  whether  the  'chuck  had  returned 
to  the  place  where  he  had  just  seen  him. 

In  A  Winter's  Tale,  the  second  picture  projected.  Trumps  has  a 
scene  in  which  he  appears  on  an  ice-covered  walk,  wearing  a 
blanket  and  a  pair  of  leather  shoes.  In  this  garb  he  meets  Bug- 
gies, an  English  bulldog,  which  seeing  Trumps  in  such  a  strange 
get-up  backs  off'  from  him  and  runs  home.  Trumps  again  had 
been  seated  in  front  of  the  screen  for  the  showing  of  this  film, 
and  when  this  particular  scene  came  on  he  at  once  recognized 
Buggies,  running  up  to  the  screen  and  licking  the  spot  where  the 
bull's  face  appeared. 

In  another  scene  Trumps  is  shown  coming  down  a  hill  on  skis. 
The  skis  were  small  ones,  having  been  made  for  his  use  in  this 
picture.  When  the  film  was  made  Trumps  had  not  taken  any 
too  kindly  to  the  job  of  standing  on  these  stkks .  of  wood  and 
coming  down  a  snow-covered  hill  unassisted.  .*Se  when  the  skiing 
episode  was  flashed  on  the  sheet,  Trumps  immediately  recog- 
nized the  skis  and  undoubtedly  recalled  his  experience,  for  he 
backed  away  from  his  forward  position  on  the  floor  and  took  np 
another  one  about  ten  feet  to  the  rear.  He  had  had  enough 
skiing  last  winter! 


t 


FILMING  MOOSE  AMID  FOREST  FIRES 


Thrilling    Experiences  of   the   Bray  Expedition  Last  Summer  in 
Northwestern  Quebec 


SURROUNDED  by  forest  fires  along  with  the  moose  and 
deer  they  had  gone  into  the  wilderness  to  secure  motion 
pictures  of,  the  Bray  expedition  which  left  civilization  at 
La  Sarre,  in  Northwestern  Quebec,  on  June  30  las',  spent  a 
hotter  Fourth  of  July  than  any  of  the  party  ever  cares  to  experi- 
ence again.  But  unlike  the  balloonists  who  came  to  grief  last 
winter  in  the  same  district,  they  had  no  falling  out  among  them- 
selves, brought  their  entire  outfit  back  with  them,  and  in  addition 
brought  4,000  feet  of  exposed  film,  some  of  which  depicted  wild 
animals  in  flight  from  the  fires  and  some  showing  the  animals 
still  unalarmed. 

J.  R.  Bray,  president  of  The  Bray  Productions,  Incorporated, 
New  York,  leader  of  the  expedition,  who  returned  to  New  York 
on  July  10,  had  previous  experience  with  bad  forest  fires  years 
ago  in  northern  Michigan,  and  Edward  Cave,  of  New  York,  Mr. 
Bray's  director,  had  encountered  them  in  Ontario.  This  proved 
of  inestimable  value,  for  the  confidence  it  engendered  and  the 
grit  of  Walter  F.  Schaefer,  the  cameraman,  on  his  first  trip  in 
the  woods,  encouraged  the  halfbreed  guides  to  remain  with  the 
party  even  when  the  safety  of  all  demanded  immediate  retreat. 

In  recounting  their  experience  Mr.  Bray  laid  particular  em- 
phasis upon  the  fact  that  the  expedition  was  successful.  "The 
New  York  Times  report  of  our  experience  was  contradictory,"  he 
said.  "It  correctly  stated  that  we  sent  out  two  separate  parties 
from  our  base  camp  to  secure  photographs  of  moose,  deer  and 
bears,  and  then  said  the  trip  failed  because  we  could  not  get 
scenics.  We  did  not  go  for  scenics — we  went  primarily  for 
moose,  and  we  got  them  a-plenty.  Not  only  did  we  get  motion 
pictures  of  moose  which  caught  them  undisturbed  by  the  fire, 
but  we  also  got  them  fleeing  from  it.  This  was  not  easy,  for  at 
those  times  we  were  engaged  in  the  same  occupation.  As  for 
scenics,  we  got  all  the  footage  we  wanted;  though  we  no  doubt 
would  have  taken  more  had  the  smoke  not  become  bad,  the  lakes 
and  rivers  being  so  remarkably  beautiful. 

"We  went  in  at  La  Sarre,  going  by  launch  down  the  Whitefish 
River  to  Lake  Abitibi,  across  the  east  end  of  the  lake,  and  up  the 


Abitibi  River  to  the  Dancing  Portage.  That  was  as  far  as  tl 
launch  could  go.  S.  E.  Sangster,  of  Ottawa,  who  outfitted  i 
and  provided  the  launch,  canoes  and  guides,  and  the  privileg 
of  the  Messagami  hunting  and  fishing  reserve,  of  which  he  is  tl 
lessee,  was  along  with  us  and  took  us  from  there  up  the  Abiti 
and  across  Lake  Duparquet  in  tow  of  a  motor  canoe,  to  his  clu, 
house  on  High  Cliff'  Island.  There  we  found  the  camp  in  rea 
iness  and  our  guides  awaiting  us. 

Two  Movie  Cameras  Kept  Busy 

"We  started  work  with  two  cameras  the  evening  of  our  arrivL 
at  High  Cliff  Island,  and  met  with  success.  Each  camera  w' 
mounted  in  two  canoes,  lashed  together  as  a  catamaran,  and  eai 
cameraman  had  four  paddlers.  We  found  moose  along  tl- 
Smoky  River,  a  winding  marshy  stream  fringed  with  yellow  poi 
lilies,  on  which  they  feed.  Hunting  moose  with  a  movie  came 
is  fully  as  exciting  as  hunting  with  a  gun.  The  same  care  h 
to  be  exercised.  You  have  to  maintain  absolute  silence  ai 
paddle  up-wind,  or  no  moose  will  be  seen,  as  they  smell  and  he 
you  before  you  are  aware  of  their  presence  and  make  off  into  tl 
forest. 

"We  continued  to  search  the  Smoky  for  moose,  and  also  visiti 
various  likely  bays  of  the  lake,  but  required  more  room  to  operaj 
both  parties  to  good  advantage.  I  succeeded  in  getting  soil 
excellent  film  with  my  camera  of  Schaefer  filming  moose,  al 
this  was  one  thing  in  particular  that  I  wanted.  I  wished 
show  the  public  how  our  pictures  of  wild  moose  and  deer  wer 
made.  Motion  pictures  of  these  animals  heretofore  have  n] 
shown  the  difficulties  under  which  the  cameraman  must  work 
secure  them.  ' 

"We  went  out  for  photographs  in  the  morning  and  evenir 
as  that  is  when  the  moose  go  to  the  water  to  feed  on  the  poii 
lilies.     During  the  middle   of  the   day   we   fished   and   went 
swimming. 

"When  we  went  in  to  Lake  Duparquet  there  was  a  good  de 
of  smoke  in  the  country,  and  the  guides  said  it  came  from  fir 


r\NE  of  the  two  camera  partin  out  for  mooHc  on  Lake  Dupnrqiiel.  Nortli- 
^  western  Quebec     Note  the  poiltlon  of  tbe  camera  on  the  two  ranooB. 


A    Bin  bull  mooiie  cnuKht  by  the  mnvie  camera  of  tlie  Bray  expedition  on 
^  the  momlnit    of    July    «    liint.    The    champion    swimmer    of    his    herd. 


|on  the  Ottawa  River,  over  the  Height  of  Land  to  the  southward. 
We  were  in  the  James  Bay  watershed,  twenty-four  hours  by  train 
northwest  of  Montreal.  There  had  been  a  drouth  for  many 
weeks  and  the  forest  was  dry  as  tinder.  The  weather  was  ex- 
tremely hot  and  humid,  with  no  wind  except  a  pufify  breeze  from 
the  south — the  hottest  summer  they  could  remember  up  there. 
The  water  of  the  lakes  and  rivers  ordinarily  is  too  cold  for  enjoy- 
able bathing  even  in  midsummer,  but  we  found  it  almost  luke- 
iwarm — too  warm  for  a  refreshing  drink.  This  spoiled  the  bass 
teshing;  they  stayed  in  the  deep  water  and  could  not  be  tempted. 
iPike  were  caught,  both  wall-eyed  and  the  great  northern  species, 
.  but  they  did  not  bite  freely. 

'  "The  weather  continued  the  same  and  Mr.  Sangster  was  fearful 
of  the  fires  to  the  southward  getting  into  his  reserve.  It  was 
jdecided  to  move  camp  to  Lake  Dasserat,  about  fourteen  miles 
jfarther  south,  a  better  district  for  moose,  in  the  hope  that  the  game 
jwould  be  found  as  yet  undisturbed.     This  we  did,  going  up  the 

ranasula  River. 
"We  camped  at  Pine  Point,  on  one  of  the  many  beautiful  rocky 
>Iaiids  in  Lake  Dasserat.  The  weather  continued  unchanged 
Mid  we  suffered  a  good  deal  of  discomfort,  not  only  from  the 
ideal  and  lack  of  cold  drinking  water — there  are  extremely  few 
jjprings  up  there — but  also  from  mosquitoes,  black  flies,  and  deer 
iBies. 

"We  found  abundant  signs  of  moose  around  Lake  Dasserat,  in 
1  ?mall  adjoining  lake,  and  in  the  Dasserat  River,  which  empties 
^ake  Labyrinth,  and  secured  a. lot  of  good  film.  But  the  fires  to 
|Jie  south  of  us  were  so  threatening  that  it  became  necessary  to 
jiasten  our  work.  This  led  up  to  a  daring  plan,  which  fortunately 
jHTorked  out  safely  but  gave  me  a  great  deal  of  anxiety. 

Got  Close-Ups  of  Fires  and  Game 

f  "Mr.  Cave,  an  experienced  woodsman  who  had  hunted  big  game 
from  coast  to  coast  and  for  many  years  had  been  editor  of  lead- 
ing sporting  magazines,  wished  to  get  closer  to  the  fires,  to  study 
■he  situation  with  regard  to  the  actions  of  the  game  of  the  region 
n  danger,  and  if  possible  to  get  photographs  of  them  showing  to 
*hat  extent  they  were  disturbed  by  an  approaching  forest  fire. 
VIr.  Sangster  wished  to  get  nearer  the  fires  to  see  if  they  were 

.jncroaching  on  his  reserve. 

"I  consented  to  the  trip,  and  they  went  ofiF  to  the  southward, 
aking  Schaefer  and  his  camera,  the  two  best  guides,  and  a  camp 
)utfit.     That  was  early  on  the  afternoon  of  July  3. 

"The  rest  of  us  at  Pine  Point  devoted  the  afternoon  to  hunting 
noose  to  film,  but  with  only  moderate  success,. due  no  doubt  to 
heir  being  nervous  because  of  the  increasing  amount  of  smoke. 
Vs  the  day  advanced  it  became  more  still  and  sultry  and  at 
iupper-time  the  smoke  was  so  thick  it  was  not  possible  to  see  the 
learest  island,  less  than  200  yards  away  in  the  lake.  After 
lupper  we  all  paddled  out  on  the  lake  to  get  away  from  the  mos- 
juitoes  and  try  to  get  a  breath  of  breeze.  We  stayed  there  till 
nidnight,  and  watched  the  flush  on  the  sky  to  the  southward. 
Veedless  to  say,  we  all  fervently  hoped  for  a  north  wind  and 
ain.  I 

"In  the  morning  the  smoke  was  not  quite  so  bad  and  the  pufi'y 
)reeze  seemed  to  have  worked  around  a  little  to  the  westward. 

!  took  my  camera  and  with  Mr.  Peck  and  two  guides  went  up  to 
he  Dasserat  River  to  try  for  more  moose  photographs.  But  as 
ve  traveled  westward  and  the  sky  cleared  we  saw  there  was  a 

')ig  fire  seemingly  to  the  westward  of  Lake  Labyrinth.  It  actually 
vas  to  the  north  of  the  lake,  but  this  altered  the  situation  very 
ittle.     If  the  wind  should  freshen  this  fire  might  sweep  across 


east  to  Lake  Dasserat  and  then  on  around  to  the  nortli  of  it, 
cutting  off'  our  entire  party  from  the  Kanasula  River.  That  was 
disturbing,  and  as  we  had  already  secured  so  many  good  film 
shots  at  moose  we  made  a  short  morning  of  it  and  returned  to 
camp. 

Fire  Sounded  Like  Heavv  Wind 

"I  wanted  to  send  two  of  the  guides  south  with  a  canoe  to 
warn  the  others,  but  they  were  confident  that  the  Couchai  brothers 
would  persuade  Sangster  and  our  men  to  return.  We  could  see 
there  was  another  big  fire  much  nearer  to  the  southward  than  ^h(•re 
had  been  any  indication  of  previously,  and  thought  t.his  surely 
would  send  the  men  back  northward.  Towards  supper-time  this 
fire  could  be  heard,  sounding  like  a  heavy  wind  far  away  in  the 
forest. 

"We  prepared  to  move  camp,  and  then  hung  around  watching 
and  waiting.  The  men  did  not  return  and  the  smoke  to  the  south 
continued  very  dense,  with  big  pillars  piling  up  into  the  sky. 
After  supper  the  south  breeze  freshened  and  swung  a  little  to 
the  west.  Then  a  thunderstorm  loomed  up  to  the  northward  and 
for  a  time  we  were  confident  the  wind  would  change  and  wind 
and  rain  would  throw  the  fires  back  upon  themselves.  Tl.e  wind 
did  haul  around  to  the  west  and  it  freshened  considerably,  but  not 
much  rain  fell.  We  did  not  go  to  bed,  and  at  midnight  were  re- 
warded for  our  vigil  by  the  return  of  the  absen?  ones,  all  safe. 
They  had  luckily  turned  back  in  time  to  beat  the  fire  in  a  race 
which  none  of  them  ever  will  forget,  and  reassured  us  immediate 
danger  was  past,  thanks  to  the  wind  having  shifted  and  then 
died  out. 

"On  their  way  down  the  lake  on  the  afternoon  of  July  3  they 
had  made  a  stalk  upon  red  deer  and  a  cow-moose,  securing  good 
film  shots  at  both.  Thus  encouraged  they  made  camp  on  an 
island  about  a  half  mile  from  the  mouth  of  the  Montbray  River, 
and  planned  to  ascend  the  river  in  the  morning.  As  they  had 
gone  down  the  lake  approaching  the  fires  they  had  seen  that  much 
of  the  smoke  was  coming  from  beyond  the  hills  which  form  the 
Height  of  Land  dividing  the  James  Bay  and  Ottawa  River  water- 
sheds. There  was  a  big  fire  to  the  southwest,  on  the  northern 
slopes  of  the  hills  south  and  east  of  the  location  of  Lake  Laby- 
rinth, but  this  did  not  seem  to  be  traveling  at  more  than  moderate 
speed  and  seemed  to  be  moving  eastward.  Good  views  of  the 
hills  were  to  be  had  from  their  camp  and  they  believed  the  fire 
had  not  as  yet  entered  the  reserve. 

Camera  Caught  Bull  Moose  at  Breakfast 
"In  the  morning  before  5  o'clock  one  of  the  guides  reported 
there  was  a  moose  in  the  bay  opposite  the  camp  to  the  eastward. 
Everybody  hustled  out,  in  dead  silence,  of  course,  and  soon  the 
chase  was  on.  The  animal  was  a  young  bull,  and  when  he  found 
he  was  pursued  was  far  out  in  th6  shallow  bay,  getting  his  break- 
fast. He  put  for  shore  as  fast  as  he  could,  but  long  before  he 
got  there  the  canoes  were  beside  him,  with  the  camera  record- 
ing his  efforts  to  get  away.  It  was  a  dandy  run,  one  of  the 
most  exciting  of  the  trip,  and  had  it  been  desired  the  young  bull 
could  have  been  roped  or  ridden  while  he  swam;  but  an  animal 
scared  in  such  a  manner  may  run  itself  to  death  in  the  woods 
and  of  course  we  did  not  want  that. 

"With  their  enthusiasm  aroused  they  set  off  after  breakfast  to 
paddle  up  the  Montbray  River,  to  the  north  and  east.  It  was  a 
big  day  for  films — no  such  luck  had  been  encountered  before. 
Moose  after  moose  was  seen,  and  some  fine  photographic 
opportunities  taken  advantage  of.  One  splendid  bull  with 
(Continued  on  page  19) 


RELIGIOUS 


MAKING  MOVIES  PAY  IN  YOUR  CHURCH 

Practical  Advice  from  a  Pastor  Wlio  Has  Done  it  Successfully 

By  Rev.  F.  B.  McAllister 

Pastor  First  Baptist  Qiurcli,  New  Castle,  Pa.* 


i 


SO  YOU  use  a  movie  in  your  church — tell  me  about  it!" 
This  is  only  the  introduction  to  a  host  of  effluent  and  gar- 
rulous questions  about  the  how  and  what  of  the  whole  sub- 
ject of  the  motion  picture  machine  in  the  church. 

Small  but  efficient  machines  of  the  portable  variety  are  appear- 
ing on  the  market  in  great  numbers  while  churches  are  purchas- 
ing them  in  every  community.  There  are,  however,  thousands  of 
ministers  and  laymen  who  are  holding  back  from  purchasing  a 
machine,  not  because  they  have  scruples,  but  because  they  just 
don't  know  about  the  many  details  that  naturally  arise  when  the 
consideration  of  the  purchase  of  one  of  these  machines  becomes 
so  close  a  reality  that  they  are  visualizing  their  names  on  the 
small  dotted  line  at  the  bottom  of  a  cinema  contract. 

"Well,  can  we  get  the  kind  of  films  we  desire?  Does  the 
machine  really  show  as  good  a  picture  as  the  ones  in  the  movie 
theater?  Are  the  machines  complicated?  Are  they  dangerous 
and  would  we  have  trouble  with  the  insurance  companies  if  we 
introduced  a  machine?  How  is  it  possible  to  finance  it  so  as  to 
make  it  self  supporting?" 

These  are  but  a  few  of  the  questions  that  have  been  put  to  us 
since  we  have  purchased  a  cinema  and  the  answering  them  with 
a  bit  of  encouragement  has  been  the  cause  of  a  large  number  of 
hesitators  introducing  into  their  institutions  one  of  these  vital 
assets  in  social,  mental  and  spiritual  development. 

Having  these  questions,  and  the  natural  feeling  that  such  a 
large  investment  might  turn  out  to  be  a  poor  speculation,  in 
mind,  and  not  desiring  to  boost  any  make  of  machine,  although 
I  think  we  have  the  best  on  the  market,  I  am  going  to  set  down 
a  few  parhelion  experiences  we  have  gleaned  during  the  past  year 
we  have  had  the  cinema. 

Of  course,  there  will  be  some  who  will  object  to  the  introduc- 
tion of  a  machine,  but  with  its  coming  and  the  results  in  evidence 
of  its  value,  this  opposition  soon  vanishes  and  real  enthusiasm 
for  the  possibilities  of  the  new  department  is  evoked. 

Equipment  and  Films 

In  procuring  a  machine  we  secured  one  that  was  of  the  port- 
able variety.  It  can  be  taken  down  in  two  minutes  and  can  be 
stored  in  a  suit  case.  It  is  wise  when  purchasing  a  machine  to  get 
a  good  silver  screen.  This  type  of  a  reflector  makes  the  lines 
very  sharp.  In  fact,  it  is  one  of  the  best  screens  made  and  will 
last  as  long  as  the  machine,  if  proper  care  is  taken.  Some  think 
that  they  will  economize  by  merely  using  a  canvas.  The  canvas 
will  only  produce  a  fair  picture  and  will  prove  a  disappointment. 

The  matter  of  purchasing  films  has  been  the  question  that 
seriously  puzzles  the  great  majority.  This  too  is  the  most  simple. 
Not  only  adequate  films  can  be  secured  at  near-by  distributing 
stations,  but  .the  company  with  whom  you  deal  is  anxious  to  secure 
any  film  you  may  desire.  You  will  have  a  library  of  hundreds 
of  films  to  select  from.  Some  companies  are  striving  to  serve 
the  churches  and  high  schools  in  every  particular  and  they  are 


succeeding.  Yes,  you  can  have  the  films  you  want,  and  most, 
generally,  when  you  want  them.  Catalogs  are  placed  in  the! 
hands  of  the  customers  and  arranged  in  such  a  way  that  the  user 
can  easily  determine  the  nature  of  the  film  secured. 

Rental  charges  are  very  reasonable.     An  entire  evening's  pro- 
gram, with  the  best  reels,  can  be  put  on  for  a  few  dollars. 


How  TO  Make  The  Movies  Self-Supporting 


i 


'  T?ie  Expotitot. 


To  make  the  machine  self  supporting  has  been  to  some  a  ser- 
ious problem,  but  many  churches  are  meeting  this  issue  nicely. 
Various  plans  are  in  execution.  The  charging  plan,  that  is,  hav- 
ing an  admission  fee  of  a  few  pennies,  is  largely  used.  Some 
institutions  have  a  free  entertainment  one  night,  then,  with  a 
longer  program  another  evening,  charge  a  small  sum  to  cover 
expenses.  Most  churches  finally  come  to  the  bi-yearly-concert: 
plan.  That  is,  twice  a  year  put  on  a  grand  concert  with  the! 
best  local  talent  obtainable  and  at  the  conclusion  have  a  special 
feature  with  the  cinema.  A  heavy  charge  can  be  made  for  this 
and  the  concert  can  be  made  so  attractive  that  it  will  draw  large 
numbers  and  through  this  plan  enough  money  can  be  made  to  run 
the  movie  free  for  the  next  six  months.  This  plan  is  heartily 
recommended.  Frequently  the  church  school  uses  the  cinema  as 
a  means  to  draw  the  children  out  on  Sunday  by  giving  them  a 
ticket  on  Sunday  for  attendance  which  admits  them  to  the  cinema- 
concert  the  following  week. 

The  work  of  the  cinema  is  considerable  and  should  be  depart- 
mentalized. At  least  two  persons  should  be  broken  in  to  not  only 
run  the  machine  but  also  care  for  it,  for  it  should  be  carefull 
oiled  every  time  it  is  used.  An  older  man  should  be  chosen  t 
be  the  superintendent  of  the  cinema  and  he  should  have  assistants 
This  head  should  always  be  notified  when  the  machine  is  to  b 
used  and  be  there  himself  to  run  it  or  have  one  of  his  assistants 
In  his  hands  should  be  placed  the  catalog  and  he  should  becora 
a  guiding  influence  in  the  selection  of  the  films.  One  of  tb 
assistants  should  be  made  the  treasurer  and  this  detailing  of  th 
work  of  the  machine  and  its  use  will  take  much  responsibilit 
from  the  pastor's  hands. 

The  machines  are  not  complicated.  Any  one  with  a  mechan 
ical  mind  can  learn  to  operate  a  cinema  in  a  short  while — thei 
all  that  is  needed  is  practice  and  the  matter  of  changing  the  reel 
and  oiling  is  negligible. 

Good  Projector  All-Important 

If  a  good  machine  is  secured  there  need  be  no  doubt  as  to  thi 
nature  of  the  picture.  They  will  show  up  well  and  prove  as  goa 
as  the  machines  at  the  better  movie  theaters. 

The  matter  of  showing  the  pictures  on  Sunday  is  one  for  the 
individual  church  to  decide.  We  never  use  our  machine  on  Sun- 
day, but  some  churches  do  in  our  community,  and,  they  say,  to 
good  efifect. 

The  first  cost  of  the  machine  is  rather  troublesome,  but  aftei 
(Continued  on  page  IS) 


U 


HOME  MOVIES  TWENTY  YEARS  FROM  NOW 

Wonderful  Things  Will  Be  Seen  on  the  Screen  and  an  Ereningj 
at  Home  Will  Be  Like  a  Visit  to  Fairyland 

By  Dolph  Eastman 


I 


T  is  New  Year's  Eve,  1941.     A  group  of  well-dressed  men, 

women,  and  children  is  gathered  in  the  large  library-living 

room  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Middleclass,  in  Scarsdale,  New  York. 

The  affable' host  and  hostess  invite  their  guests. to  be  seated. 

The  lights  are  dimmed.    The  sudden  silence  is  broken  only  by 

lie  crackling  of  pine  logs  in  the  great  open  fireplace  and  the 

muffled  titter  of  a  child. 

At  one  end  of  the  long  room  a  marvelous  thing  is  happening. 
Out  of  the  white  screen,  out  of  the  very  wall,  the  smiling  host 
himself  has  stepped  and  is  now  beaming  upon  them  and  talking 
to  them.  Instinctively  the  guests  turn  to  see  if  Mr.  Middleclass 
b  not  seated  in  the  chair  which  he  occupied  but  a  second  before 
and,  sure  enough,  he  is  still  sitting  there,  smiling  at  his  double 
and  at  the  discomfiture  of  his  friends.  It  is  a  neat  little  prac- 
tical joke  and  a  jolly  way  to  begin  the  festivities  of  the  evening. 

Ts  the  talking  image  in  front  of  them  so  real,  so  human,  then? 
Indeed  it  is.  Twenty  years  ago,  when  talking  pictures  first  be- 
came commercially  practicable,  folks  never  dreamed  that  such 
marvels  as  this  would  some  day  greet  their  eyes  and  ears.  For 
there  is  their  friend  and  host  to  the  life,  telling  them  a  funny 
story  and  promising  them  a  dandy  evening.  He  is  lifesize;  his 
Jiair,  skin,  clothes,- necktie,  everything  about  him  is  precisely  the 
color  in  which  he  appears  in  actual  life;  his  head,  body,  arms, 
and  legs  stand  forth  in  high  relief  with  deep  spaces  around  and 
behind  him;  and  for  all  the  world,  if  you  were  there  as  a  guest, 
you  would  swear  it  was  the  gentleman  himself. 

Then  another  wonderful  thing  occurs,  on  the  heels  of  the  other. 
Mrs.  Middleclass  bows  and  smiles  to  her  guests,  and  begins  to 
sing.  There  is  no  mistake  about  it,  for  the  lady  herself  is  seated 
in  the  front  row  beside  her  husband  and  is  just  as  critical  of  her 
double  as  he  was  of  his.  A  woman  friend  leans  forward  and 
whispers  to  her,  "How  well  you  sing  tonight!  In  honor  of  the 
New  Year,  I  suppose?"  It  was  an  aria  from  one  of  the  favorite 
:  operas  and  Mrs,  Middleclass  has  a  charming  voice  and  knows 
how  to  use  it. 

The  room  rocks  with  applause  when  the  screen-light  and  the 
t  sounds   die   out   together.      The   room-lights    are   turned   on,    as 
a  signal  for  a  brief  intermission,   and  everybody   looks  in   the 
direction  of  the  hosts.     Surely  man's  inventive  genius  cannot  go 
I  much  farther  than  this,  for  there  they  sit,  side  by  side,  the  living 
incarnation  of  what  has  just  appeared  to  them  on  the  screen. 
Even  the  delicate  gray  of  Mrs.  Middleclass'  pearl  necklace  and 
the  indefinable  ecru  of  her  lace  scarf  are  there  as  the  picture 
reproduced   it   with   flattering   fidelity.      Some   one   asks   her   to 
stand  up  and  sing;   laughingly  she  obliges.     She  gives  them  a 
I  stanza  of  the  same  song  they  had  heard.    There  is  not  the  differ- 
ence of  a  timbre.     More  applause — and  the  laughter  of  amaze- 
ment. 

Again  the  lights  are  dimmed,  and  upon  the  screen  appears 
a  glorious  moonlit  scene  in  Venice,  in  full  color,  the  smoothly 
gliding  gondolas  and  launches  seeming  to  shoot  right  out  of  the 
wall  over  the  heads  of  the  spectators.  One  unconsciously  ducks 
one's  head  to  avoid  the  bump,  or  feels  one's  clothes  to  see  how 


much  water  has  splashed  on  them.  Such  is  the  reality  of  this 
moving  illusion!  Then  a  gaily  painted  and  decorated  barge 
swings  down  the  canal,  with  two  lovers  seated  amid  the  cushions, 
the  young  man  thumping  a  mandolin  and  singing  sweetly, 
the  maiden  smiling  and  trailing  her  dimpled  hand  over  the  side 
of  the  barge.  The  music  and  the  song  float  over  the  waters  of 
the  canal,  and  the,  soft  pat  and  paddle  of  the  oars  are  distinctly 
heard. 

There  is  a  momentary  shift,  and  a  feature  photoplay  in  natural 
colors  begins.  The  characters  walk  into  the  scene  and  out  of  it 
just  as  naturally  as  a  human  being  does  in  everyday  life.  And 
there  is  nothing  unnatural  about  the  way  they  talk,  play  games, 
sing  and  play  musical  instruments;  about  the  color  of  their  hair, 
eyes,  skin,  garments,  or  the  color  of  their  animals,  gardens, 
trees,  furniture,  foods,  jewels,  and  other  animate  and  inanimiate 
objects.  In  every  scene  there  is  depth,  reality,  life  itself.  Two 
decades  ago  everything  was  flat  and  unreal  in  a  sense;  now 
nothing  is  left  to  the  imagination,  just  as  one  sees  all  when 
gazing  over  a  landscape.  Even  the  distant  whinny  of  a  colt  or 
the  far-off  buzz  of  an  airplane  does  not  escape. 

The  lights  once  more,  while  the  hidden  operator  makes  changes 
and  rests.  All  the  guests  are  afire  with  enthusiasm.  Could  any- 
thing be  more  wonderful?  Mr.  Middleclass  begs  patience;  the 
treat  of  the  evening  is  still  to  come.  While  refreshments  are 
served  the  curiosity  of  the  guests  reaches  fever  heat. 

Then  the  dimming  again,  and  the  marvel  of  marvels  emerges 
from  darkness  and  fades  into  light.  Why,  what  is  this?  An  en- 
tire act  from  Carmen,  you  say,  with  big  Metropolitan  Opera 
House  singers  in  the  cast?  Perfectly  stunning!  And  how  they 
do  sing!  Those  marvelous  voices  under  exquisite  control;  that 
bewitching  Carmen,  blowing  rings  with  her  cigarette;  the  blend- 
ing of  warm  Spanish  colors;  the  depths,  and  the  distances,  and 
the  heights;  the  crowds,  the  clouds,  the  vivid  reality  of  it  all. 
"I  never  saw  or  heard  anything  like  that  at  the  Metropolitan," 
said  one  opera  devotee. 

Finally,  a  bright  wholesome  domestic  comedy,  full  of  wittv 
chatter,  barking  dogs,  pretty  dresses,  and  gorgeous  sunrises 
and  sunsets.  A  plump  pink  baby's  laughter;  a  cat's  plaintive 
meouw;  small  boys  and  girls  playing  in  the  orchard,  the  voices 
of  each  and  all  plainly  audible. 

Then  the  little  Middleclass  baby  flashes  on  the  screen.  Gaily 
he  cries  "Happy  New  Year!"  The  men  glance  at  their  watches; 
the  women  and  the  children  gather  round  the  men,  and  embrace 
them.     It  is  midnight. 

ft  is  January  first,  1942. 


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11 


REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 


I 

}. 


By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


A 


TWO  SHORT  FILMS  OF  PURPOSE 
T.T.  too  rare  are  film  stories  that  carry  a  definite  message 
without  losing  it  in  a  labyrinth  of  "punch,"  "local  color" 
and  other  desirable  but  often  distracting  factors  of  movie 
construction.  The  eager  outlook  for  such  stories,  espe- 
cially when  presented  in  tabloid  form,  is  rewarded  in  the  cases  of 
the  following  subjects. 

The  V  That  Vanished,  from  the  pen  of  Holman  Day  and  filmed 
in  the  great  forests  of  Maine,  introduces  a  new  arrival  in  the  lum- 
ber camp :  Jim,  a  quiet  unresponsive  sort  of  fellow,  whose  taciturn 
ways  make  him  disliked  by  the  lumber  jacks  and  especially  by 
Sprague  who  has  come  to  clear  squatters  off  a  little  V-shaped 
piece  of  clearing  in  the  forest. 

Jim  is  a  bookish  sort  of  person  wlio  earnestly  studies  a  volume  entitled 
"Charity"  although  he  is  somewhat  sceptical  as  to  whether  any  genuine 
charity  is  practised.  He  becomes  interested  in  a  little  school  teacher 
who  is  engaged  in  the  up-hill  task  of  awakening  to  self-respect  the 
squatters  on  the  V-shaped  clearing  where  her  school  is  located. 

When  Sprague  gives  her  and  the  squatters  thirty  days  to  get  off  the 
land,  Jim  takes  their  part;  at  first  because  he  admires  the  pluck  of 
the  little  school  teacher;  and  later  through  an  awakening  sense  of 
justice.  His  stand  angers  Sprague  and  the  lumber-jacks  who  retaliate 
by  electing  him  mayor  of  the  settlement  with  an  accompanying  hazing 
which  lays  him  up  for  some  days.  It  is  during  tliis  period  that  he 
begins  to  learn  what  true  charity  is:  not  an  eleemosynary  exercise,  but 
an  outpouring  of  genuine  feeling  from  the  heart,  of  sacrifice,  and  of 
helpfulness.  The  despised  squatters  offer  him  every  attention  in  their 
power;  the  children  bring  their  pet  chickens  to  make  him  broth;  the 
school  teacher  acts  as  nurse. 

Upon  his  recovery  he  starts  in  to  prove  himself  the  mayor,  indeed. 
He  conducts  a  clean-up  campaign,  and  aids  the  men  in  conserving  their 
lumber  and  working  their  sawmill.  His  loyalty  to  their  cause  awakens 
a  responsive  loyalty.  The  women  are  also  aroused  to  their  duties  and 
responsibilities  under  the  little  school  teacher's  guidance.  Housewifely 
arts  flourish.  The  lumber  crew  has  given  the  squatters  a  certain 
length  of  time  to  retire  from  the  "V".  When  the  thirty  days  of  grace 
are  up  and  Sprague  and  his  henchmen  arrive  to  take  possession  of  the 
land,  they  find  they  have  a  prosperous,  self-respecting  commimity  to 
deal  with;  and  furthermore  they  are  informed  that  the  unpopular 
"mayor"  is  none  other  than  the  new  president  of  the  lumber  company 
who,  upon  assuming  his  duties,  has  taken  his  own  way  of  finding  out 
existing  conditions  in  the  lumber  regions  under  his  control. 

In  addition  to  the  entertainment  qualities  of  this  picture  it 
ofifers  excellent  dramatic  relief  on  programs  dealing  construc- 
tively with  the  subject  of  neglected  rural  groups.  Viewed  from 
a  little  diiferent  angle  The  V  That  Vanished  will  correlate  excel- 
lently with  other  material  stressing  the  true  character  of  Charity 
— ^that  love  which  seeketh  not  her  own  and  endureth  all  things. 
There  is  a  brief  scene  which  it  may  perhaps  be  well  to  cut:  A 
m£in  walks  across  a  vegetable  garden  and  the  hero,  after  order- 
ing him  to  keep  off,  knocks  him  down. 

Another  two-reel  picture  with  a  message  is  The  Home-Keeping 
of  Jim,  a  study  in  domestic  unrest  and  a  logical  cure  therefor. 

Jim,  a  hard-working  and  naturally  home-loving  man,  has  made  up 
his  mind  to  run  away  from  home.  It  is  not  that  he  has  outside  inter- 
ests, nor  is  he  the  type  of  man  wim  is  prone  to  shirk  family  responsibil- 
ities. Jim  is  worn  out  by  the  continual  fretting  and  nagging  of  his 
wife  and  the  increasing  insubordination  of  his  children.  He  wants 
peace.  He  visions  himself  walking  along  shady  country  roads,  fishing 
in  picturesque  streams,  laboring  with  workers  in  hay-harvest  fields. 
That  is  what  he  wants:  tlie  big  outdoors,  and  peace.  He  promises  him- 
self he  will  leave  home  on  a  certain  date.  Before  that  time  he  yields 
to  his  wife's  sharp-tongued  importunity  and  mends  a  broken  sofa. 
Before  the  work  is  done  Jim  has  discovered  a  disreputable  young  fellow 
is  trying  to  "keep  company"  witli  his  daughter.  He  decides  he  must 
postpone  his  departure  till  he  had  straightened  out  that  matter.  Mean- 
while he  will  use  leisure  moments  to  repair  the  fence.  After  the  pickets 
are  set.  It  becomes  glaringly  evident  that  the  fence  must  be  painted. 
Date  after  postponed  date  for  the  contemplated  get-away  passes.  The 
newly-painted  fence  makes  the  house  look  shabby.  That  must  be 
painted  too. 

Of  course  Jim  never  leaves  home.    The  whole  family  joins  in  painting 


the  house.  His  wife,  who  has  softened  as  she  sees  her  husband's  grow- 
ing interest  in  his  home  and  the  welfare  of  his  family,  begins  to  do  her 
share  by  improving  her  personal  appearance  and  treating  the  children 
more  gently.  The  daugliter  finds  her  "sporty"  admirer  uninteresting. 
The  son  begins  to  plan  going  to  work  to  earn  pretty  clothes  for  his 
mother. 

Thus  through  constructive  thought  and  act  a  domestic  tragedy 
is  averted  and  a  unity  of  interest  centering  in  the  home  is  estab- 
lished in  this  average  American  family.  This  film  bears  an  obvi- 
ous message  which  can  be  stressed  from  a  variety  of  angles  on 
both  Sunday  and  week-night  programs. 

The  V.  That  Vanished.     2  reels.     Path6. 
The    Home-Keeping    of    Jim.     2    reels.     Community    Motion    Picture    Servio 
46  West  24th  Street,  New  York. 

9     9 
COMEDY  INTERLUDE 

VERY  simple  are  these  three  little  comedies,  but  refreshingly" 
free  from  various  types  of  material  which  has  come  to  be 
characteristic  of  certain  comedy  films.  These  pictures  will 
serve  excellently  as  concluding  numbers  on  purely  recreational 
programs,  the  first-mentioned  being  especially  useful  as  an  all- 
round  entertainer.  Each  is  one  reel  in  length  and  is  distributed 
by  the  Educational  Film  Exchanges,  Inc. 

Rocking  The  Boat.  Uncle  Jim,  the  sea  captain,  was  coming 
to  visit.  Bent  upon  making  him  feel  at  home,  the  Newlyweds 
trained  their  maid  and  butler  in  the  gentle  art  of  dancing  the 
hornpipe  and  put  their  little  home  in  the  hands  of  carpenters  and 
ship  chandlers.  In  the  resulting  nautical  mis-en-scene,  the  young 
couple  and  their  disgusted  house  servants  all  arrayed  in  yachting  j 
togs  awaited  the  arrival  of  the  sea-faring  man.  When  he  came  I 
he  arose  nobly  to  the  occasion — up  to  a  certain  point.  A  clean, 
rollicking  comedy. 

The  Convenient  Husband.  After  the  elopement  the  young 
husband  found  a  way  of  being  near  his  bride  by  taking  the  place 
of  a  newly-hired  butler  in  his  father-in-law's  house.  By  way  of 
disguise  he  assumed  burnsides  which  would  not  stay  in  place. 
Sometimes  they  were  burnsides,  sometimes  eyebrows,  and  some- 
time moustaches.  Their  antics  came  near  wrecking  the  happiness 
of  the  bride's  family,  since  each  member  saw  the  hirsute  decora-  r 
tions  in  a  different  capacity  and  quarrelled  about  it.  After  many 
amusing  misadventures,  the  nervous  butler-bridegroom  was  caught 
with  smooth  face-^and  recognized.  Father-in-law  was  really  a 
good  sort,  saw  the  humorous  side  of  the  affair,  and  welcomed  the 
new  son  to  his  hearth  and  home.  In  some  cases  it  may  be  con- 
sidered wiser  to  use  this  picture  for  adult  groups  only  because 
of  the  elopement.     Cut  scenes  of  French  chef  with  knife. 

Spooners.  Auntie,  whose  ancestors,  it  is  learned  from  a  sub- 
title, were  deck  hands  on  the  Mayflower,  did  not  believe  the  young 
aristocrat  her  niece  met  at  the  polo  game  would  wed  said  niece 
if  he  thought  she  was  a  housemaid.  The  girl,  confident  that  her 
hero's  protestations  of  affection  were  sincere,  consented  to  put 
him  to  the  test  by  assuming  the  character  of  housemaid  in  Auntie's 
home.  As  a  result  the  young  couple  worked  at  cross-purposes 
for  some  time,  to  Auntie's  infinite  delight.  The  confusion  and 
innocent  mirth  were  prolonged  by  numerous  complications, 
including  the  unconscious  pocketing  of  some  spoons  when  Auntie 
discovered  the  young  aristocrat  helping  the  maid  wash  dishes. 
Finally  the  young  lover's  constancy  convinced  Auntie  that  he 
loved  the  girl  for  herself  alone.  General  recreational  use,  except 
where  there  is  objection  to  card-playing. 


U 


"ONE    A    MINUTE" 

LINCOLN  was  Jimmy   Knight's   ideal,   and  the  drug  store 
magnate's  daughter  admired  him  for  it.     Although  not  indi- 
cated, it  would  seem  that  his  creed  included  Lincoln's  fam- 
ous epigram  regarding  fooling  all  the  people  some  of  the  time. 
He  certainly  did  remember  Barnum's  famous  statement  regard- 
ing the  frequent  birth  of  foolish  persons  and  he  acted  thereon. 
'       When  Jimmy  arrived  in  his  home  town  to  conduct  the  drug  store  of 
^   his   late    father,   he    found    it    facing    failure   because    a    famous    drug 
store   magnate   was    opening   a   new    store   directly   across    the    street. 
Knowing  that  the  village  people  were  devoted  to  the  consumption  of 
every  new  patent  medicine  that  came  on  the  market  and  remembering 
his   father   worked   for   years   on   a   panacea   for   all  ills,  Jimmy   com- 
pounded an  evil-tasting  but  harmless  mixture  which  he  announced  as 
a  universal  cure,  and  gave  away  sample  doses  at  the  very  hour  the 
drug  store  magnate's  new  store  opened. 

No  one  could  be  more  astonished  than  Jimmy  when  instantaneous 
"cures"  followed.  The  new  drugstore  proved  a  failure  and  Jimmy's 
business  boomed.  In  vain  the  drug  store  magnate  tried  to  put  him  out 
of  business.     The  "cures"  went  on. 

Finally  the  magnate  had  Jimmy  tried  for  violation  of  the  Food  and 
Drug  Law.  Analysis  proved  the  ingredients  of  the  panacea  to  be 
without  curative  properties  and  matters  looked  dark  for  Jimmy.  He 
claimed,  however,  that  there  was  a  fifth  and  unknown  ingredient  in  the 
compound  upon  which  the  cures  depended.  The  nature  of  this  ingre- 
dient he  declined  to  reveal,  and  the  case  seemed  going  against  him;  when 
suddenly  the  judge  succumbed  to  illness.  Jimmy  was  on  the  spot  with 
his  panacea,  and,  the  "cure"  being  performed  before  their  very  eyes,  the 
jury  could  but  pronounce  the  young  druggist   "not  guilty." 

The  magnate  yielded  as  gracefully  as  lie  could  and,  recognizing  Jimmy 
as  a  man  who  "had  beaten  him  at  his  own  game,  accepted  him  as  a 
prospective  son-in-law.  One  question,  however,  he  insisted  must  be 
answered  first:  What  is  the  fifth  ingredient  in  the  panacea?  "Faith" 
announced  Jimmy,  blandly,  adding  that  the  people  were  cured  because 
they  believed  in  'the  curative  powers  of  the  other  ingredients,  namely, 
powdered  ginger,  charcoal,  pepsin,  and   fuller's  earth. 

Sometimes  important  lessons  are  presented  under  the  guise 
of  fun.  Such  is  the  case  in  this  picture  which  takes  its  place  as 
a  comedy,  yet  with  more  than  a  touch  of  the  message  carried  so 
finely  in  The  Miracle  Man  and  The  Faith  Healer.  Donald  Mac- 
Lean  plays  the  part  of  Jimmy  Knight  and  is  efficiently  supported 
by  an  adequate  cast. 

The  following  ^btitles  may  well  be  eliminated:  In  part  1, 
"I  have  discovered  the  formula  among  my  father's  old  papers;,' 
in  part  2,  "Damn  it,  sir;"  in  part  4,  'Don't  be  an  ass." 

One  a  Minute.    5  reels.     Famous  Players-Lasky. 

lint       M^ 

"DIXIE" 

T'lE  difficult  problem  of  adequately  filming  the  history  of  a 
famous  song  has  been  solved  with  a  notable  degree  of  success 
in  the  case  of  Dixie,  recently  released. 
The  wandering  life  of  Daniel  Emmet  and  his  fellow-minstrels 
is  visualized  as  the  singers  warm  themselves  by  their  wayside 
fire  on  one  of  those  cool  mornings  in  a  northern  autumn  which 
make  them  long  to  be  in  Dixie.  Later,  in  New  York,  when  the 
manager  of  Mechanics'  Hall  commissions  Emmet  to  compose  a 
new  song  and  walkaround,  over  the  week  end,  the  memories 
of  that  longing  to  be  in  Dixie  comes  back  to  him,  and  he  takes 
it  as  the  subject  of  his  new  song. 

The  picture  visualizes  his  moment  of  inspiration  and  the  suc- 
cessful rendition  of  the  now  famous  song.  The  producer  has 
been  exceptionally  successful  in  keeping  plenty  of  movement  in 
the  sequences  of  the  story  and  the  scenes  of  the  minstrels  singing 
the  song  on  the  Mechanics'  Hall  stage  are  sufficiently  varied  by 
means  of  the  walkaround  to  minimize  the  effect  produced  by 
attempting  to  screen  a  soundless  song.  This  picture  may  well 
find   a  place  on  a   wide  variety  of  programs,  especially  those 

screened  "in  the  land  of  cotton." 

Dixie.    I    reel.    Educational    Film    Exchanges,    Inc. 


"THE  MAN  WHO" 

UNDERNEATH  the  light,  gay  spirit  of  a  little  love  story 
which  on  the  surface  is  much  like  hundreds  of  other 
screen  stories  there  runs  a  serious  vein  of  pure  gold  in 
The  Man  Who  which  was  made  into  a  movie  by  Arthur 
Zellner  from  a  story  in  the  Saturday  Evening  Post  by  Lloyd 
Osborne,  stepson  of  Robert  Louis  Stevenson.  And  you  do  not 
have  to  dig  very  deep  to  find  the  precious  metal.  The  lesson  of 
individual  leadership  and  helpfulness  to  humanity,  which  Bedford 
Mills  (Bert  Lytell)  imparts  by  walking  barefoot  on  Fifth  avenue. 
New  York,  in  order  to  force  down  shoe  prices,  is  one  sorely 
needed  in  a  day  of  mob  action  and  class  consciousness.  The  fact 
that  this  humanitarian  deed  is  prompted  by  the  taunt  of  Mills's 
sweetheart  that  he  would  have  to  do  something  big  and  heroic 
to  win  her  does  not  minimize  the  value  of  the  deed  or  the  whole- 
someness  of  the  message. 

Bedford  Mills,  wounded  in  the  Argonne,  met  Helen  Jessop  when 
her  aristocratic  father,  St.  John  Jessop,  was  giving  a  do-something-for- 
the-poor-boys  party  at  Ills  New  York  home.  Beddy,  overcome  with 
music  and  ice  cream,  fainted,  and  Helen  gave  him  first  aid  treatment 
so  prettily  that  Beddy  fell  in  love.  But  Helen  was  not  for  a  bank 
clerk;  she  wanted  a  Man  Who. 


T>EDDy.   out  for  a  stroll   on    Fifth   Avenue,   barefoot,   meets   a   lady 
^    friend.     An   amusing  episode   in    "The   Man   Who." 

Faultlessly  dressed  for  an  afternoon  call,  but  without  any  shoes  or 
socks,  he  went  for  a  stroll  on  Fifth  Avenue,  resolving  to  be  "The  Man 
Who  Broke  the  Shoe  Trust."Crowds  followed  him  and  the  police  arrested 
him  for  indecent  exposure.  "I  can't  aiford  to  buy  shoes,"  Beddy  ex- 
plained to  the  judge.  "I'm  going  barefoot  until  the  price  comes  down. 
Profiteering  has  to  stop !"  He  was  congratulated  for  performing  a 
public  service.  And  the  public  responded  with  quick  enthusiasm  to  his 
scheme.  All  over  the  country  people  resolved  to  follow  his  example. 
Whole  schools  voted  to  go  barefoot.  On  the  East  Side  of  New  York 
people  were  mobbed  for  wearing  shoes. 

Beddy  was  a  herb  to  his  followers,  a  sensation  to  the  daily  press 
which  ran  his  picture  and  lengthy  accounts  of  his  exploits  in  entering 
the  most  fashionable  places  barefoot,  and  an  object  of  scorn  to  Helen 
Jessop  who  wrote  him,  because  of  his  notoriety,  never  to  try  to  see  her 
again.  But  to  Mary  Turner,  who  had  a  studio  in  the  apartment 
house  where  Beddy  lived,  the  shoeless  wonder  was  a  big  lovable  boy 
who  needed  someone  to  take  care  of  him.  Barefoot  herself,  Mary  went 
with  him  protectively  on  his  Fifth  .\venue  expeditions.  A  common 
cause  threw  them  into  each  other's  arms  and  they  found  being  in  each 
other's  arms  so  pleasant  that  they  decided  to  get  married — only.  .  .  . 

"I  can't  marry  you,  Beddy,"  she  explained,  "until  you  know  the  girl 
I  really  am.  "Papa  is  the  shoe  trust,"  slie  whispered.  But  papa  forgave 
Beddy  and  the  shoe  trust  not  only  reduced  prices  but  kept  them  down. 

Three  vital  ideas  are  called  forth  by  this  film — -the  principle 

of  live  and  let  live;  the  age-old  truth  that  happiness  is  found 
in  doing  things  for  others;  and  the  big  thought  that  someone 
has  to  take  the  lead  and  crush  profiteering  and  social  injustice 
and  it  might  as  well  be  you. 

A  few  cuts  are  suggested:  Parts  one  and  four,  scenes  of 
women  smoking;  part  three,  the  subtitle  reading  "Glory  be,  etc."; 
part  six,  the  subtitle,  "What  the  devil?" 


18 


"THE  DAJNGER  THAT  NEVER  SLEEPS" 

CHILDREN  are  always  interested  in  fire,  but  the  National 
Board  of  Fire  Underwriters  think  that  they  can  also  be' 
interested  in  fire  prevention  and  trained  to  recognize  and 
when  possible  remove  fire  hazards  in  the  home.  With 
this  thought  in  view  750,000  copies  of  a  pamphlet  "Safeguarding 
The  Home  Against  Fire"  has  been  printed  and  distributed. 
Oclober  9,  1921,  fiftie'.h  anniversary  of  the  great  Chicago  fire, 
will  be  observed  as  National  Fire  Prevention  Day. 

In  anticipation  of  the  safety  campaign  a  one  reel  motion  pic- 
ture enliJed  The  Danger  That  Never  Sleeps  will  be  released 
October  1.  It  is  an  appeal  to  the  children  of  the  United  States 
to  assist  in  the  work  of  fire  preven.ion.  The  film  includes  a  fore- 
word from  John  Kenlon,  chief  of  New  York's  Fire  Department. 


-9* 

1 

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T^HE  Boy  aiKl  (Jirl,  when  they  are  shown  tlie  dangerous  condition 
'-  of  the  cellar,  at  once  start  to  clean.  From  "The  Danger  That 
Never  Sleeps." 

The  story  is  based  upon  "Safeguarding  The  Home  Against  Fire," 
and  in  the  film  the  boy  and  girl  figures  upon  the  cover  of  the 
pamphlet  come  to  life  and  are  seen  walking  home  from  school. 
They  stop  to  look  at  a  billboard  upon  which  is  a  large  poster 
showing  Columbia  looking  aghast  at  the  destruction  of  property 
by  fire  wrought  by  Carelessness,  a  menacing  cowled  figure  hold- 
ing a  torch  in  each  skeleton  hand. 

The  children  approach  the  billboard  and  while  tliey  are  examining 
it  and  noting  the  total  five-year  lo.ss  cited,  of  $1,416,375,000,  they  are 
surprised  to  see  the  figure  of  Columbia  come  to  life  and  address  them. 
Stepping  from  the  billboard,  Columbia  calls  the  children's  attention  to 
the  figure  of  Carelessness,  whereupon  Carelessness  takes  life,  amid  clouds 
of  smoke,  and  approaches  the  children  in  a  threatening  attitude. 

Columbia  is  more  than  a  match  for  him,  however,  and  drives  him  back 
with  her  upraised  sword,  on  which  is  the  word  Carefulness.  Careless- 
ness disappears.     Columl)ia  then  speaks,  saying: 

"Remember,  children,  that  most  of  our  fires  are  caused  by  Careless- 
ness, and  that  only  Carefulness  will  conquer  him." 

Columbia  then  sends  the  children  on  their*  way,  promising  to  visit 
them  later  at  their  home  and  show  the  real  meaning  of  fire  prevention. 

In  the  scene  which  follows,  the  children  are  discovered  studying  at  a 
table  in  the  parlor  of  their  home,  and  a  moment  later  Columbia  appears 
in  the  doorway.  The  children  rush  to  greet  her.  Taking  a  seat  at 
the  tabic,  Columbia  picks  up  a  copy  of  "Safeguarding  the  Home  Against 
Fire,"  which  tlie  children  have  brouglit  home  from  school,  and  tells  them 
of  some  of  the  serious  fires  that  liave  occurred.  While  she  is  explain- 
ing, views  of  the  Atlanta  conflagration,  the  Triangle  Shirt  Waist  Fire 
and  the  Collinwood  school  ruins  are  shown.  Following  this,  Columbia 
draws  a  diagram  illustrating  the  number  of  $5,000  homes  that  could 
have  been  built  with  the  .$1,416,375,000  wasted  by  fire. 

In  order  to  drive  home  lier  lessons,  Columbia  rises  to  look  for  hazards 
existing  in  the  children's  lioirie  and  immediately  notices  a  tall,  topheavy, 
glass  lamp  upon  a  small  1:ible  between  the  windows.  While  she  is  talk- 
ing alK)ut  the  lan)p,  the  cowled  figure  of  Carelessness  is  seen  appearing 
at  the  window  and  reaching  in  toward  the  lani)). 

Columliia  observes  Carelessness,  and  says:  "There  stands  America's 
rreat  enemy.  He  would  like  to  kill  you  and  destroy  your  home,  but 
you  can  banish  him  by  doing  exactly  as  1  say." 

She  tells  the  boy  to  remove  the  unstable  glass  lamp  and  to  get  a  safe. 


metal  one,  whicli  lie  does,  and  also  closes  the  window,  whereupon  she 
says:  "Now  you  see,  that  lamp  will  not  tip  over  and  the  curtain  can  not 
catch  fire." 

When  the  boy  puts  the  safe  lamp  upon  the  table.  Carelessness  dis- 
appears. 

Columbia  tlien  takes  tlie  children  with  her  to  the  cellar,  where  she 
finds  dangerous  conditions  of  riibbisli,  a  wooden  barrel  badly  charred  by 
hot  ashes,  and  a  smoke-pipe  too  close  to  the  ceiling  beams.  The  boy 
and  girl  hurriedly  clean  up  the  cellar,  after  wliich  tlie  boy  nails  a  piece 
of  asbestos  board  over  the  smoke-pipe,  and  replaces  tlie  wooden  ash 
barrel  with  one  of  metal. 

While  the  boy  is  busily  at  work,  the  little  girl  goes  upstairs  and 
discovers  a  number  of  dangerous  conditions  which  she  now  recognizes 
as  hazards,  such  as  a  can  of  kerosene  standing  near  the  stove,  an  electric 
iron  left  in  contact  and  burning  the  ironing  board,  a  handful  of  matches 
left  scattered  carelessly  upon  the  table,  and  a  bottle  of  gasolene  upon 
her  mother's  dresser.  The  little  girl  removes  the  can  of  kerosene  from 
in  front  of  the  stove,  disconnects  the  electric  iron  at  the  socket,  places 
the  matches  in  a  china  receptacle,  out  of  the  reach  of  small  children,  and 
banishes  the  bottle  of  gasolene  from  the  house.  Thus,  she  plays  her 
part  in  safeguarding  her  home. 

Columbia  joins  the  children  in  the  yard  back  of  tlieir  house,  and  tlicy 
are  surprised  to  see  the  figure  of  Carelessness  walking  toward  them, 
but  Columbia  says: 

"No  wonder  Carelessness  feels  at  home  in  this  yard,  filled  with  all 
these  weeds  and  rubbish."  She  promises  them  that,  if  they  will  clean 
up,  she  will  banish  Carelessness.  They  promise,  and  ColunAia  with  a 
stroke  of  her  sword  of  Carefulness  destroys  Carelessness,  who  vanishes 
in  a  puff  of  smoke. 

Returning  to  the  parlor  of  the  children's  home.     Columbia  says: 

"The  future  of  our  country  depends  upon  you,  children;  will  you 
enter  my  service  as  Knights  of  Carefulness!'" 

The  children  nod  assent,  and  kneel,  wliile  they  repeat  tlie  following 
pledge: 

"I  pledge  myself  to  good  citizenship  as  a  Knight  of  Carefulness,  first, 
by  safeguarding  others;  second,  by  learning  to  recognize  and  correct 
dangerous  conditions  in  my  own  home;  third,  by  pointing  out  dangerous 
conditions  in  my  own  city;  and  fourth,  by  helping  to  teach  others  to 
make  Carefulness  a  liabit." 

When  the  cliildren  repeat  the  oath,  Columbia  touches  them  lightly 
with  her  sword,  and  they  tlius  become  Knights  of  Carefulness. 

This  practical  lesson  in  fire  prevention  is  distributed  by  the 
Universal  Film  Exchanges,  Inc.,  and  was  produced  by  the  Eastern 
Film  Corporation  for  the  National  Board  of  Fire  Underwriters. 


T 


"THE    HIGH    ROAD" 

HE  High  Road  is  a  three-reel  human  narrative  made  to 
illustrate  as  well  as  expound  an  ideal  of  individual  and 
social  health.  That  health  is  a  mental  and  spiritual  qual- 
ity as  well  as  a  bodily  condition,  that  it  is  a  positive  pos- 


^NEELING  before  Columbia,  the  children  solemnly  pledge  themselves 
and   are   dubbed    "Knighti   of   Carefulness."    From    "The   Danger 
That  Never  Sleeps." 

session  of  vitality,  enthusiasm,  and  love  of  life  instead  of  mere 
absence  of  disease,  is  the  theme  of  the  drama.  The  story  is  typ- 
ical of  small  towns  and  cities  anywhere  in  the  United  States.  It 
is  a  true  picture  of  conditions  only  too  familiar  to  social  students. 
Sheraton,  a  mythical  community,  is  so  dull  for  the  young  folks  tliat 
they  run  largely  to  automobile  rides  at  night  unchaperoned,  and  at 
other  hours  the  poolrooms  do  a  large  and  uncensored  business.     Re- 


r 

^sources  for  recreation  and  study  are  wholly  lacking. 

Edith  Steel,  a  girl  in  her  teens,  returns  to  Slu-raton  after  two  years" 
residence  in  a  large  city.  Seeking  opportunity  there,  she  has  found 
herself  in  the  multitude  of  right  activities  open  to  A  girl.  The  awaken- 
ing has  come  with  the  Health  Inventory,  a  bodily  appraisal  that  also 
included  a  revelation  of  her  capabilities  and  opportunities.  A  marked 
transformation  had  taken  place  and  she  comes  back  to  Sheraton  vigor- 
ous, graceful,  and  resourceful,  filled  with  dreams  to  continue  the  active 
life   she  has   learned  to   appreciate. 

But  her  hope  and  resourcefiJness  are  severely  taxed  by  the  old 
home  town.  While  she  was  going  ahead  it  had  stood  still.  Her  closest 
girl  friend  is  still  the  dawdling,  anemic,  frivolous,  parasitic  young  person 
of  earlier  days.  A  younger  sister,  liowever,  has  not  had  time  to  be 
spoiled  and  in  her  Edith  finds  an  ally. 

Edith's  fighting  spirit  is -aroused  by  the  social  inertia  she  encounters 
and  she  sets  about  to  stir  things  up.  She  starts  simply,  with  a  revival 
of  tennis;  organizes  hikes  for  the  younger  girls  and  througli  the  awak- 
ened interest  of  Lloyd  Nicholls,  whose  college  sociology  is  meeting  the 
acid  test  in  the  factory  once  owned  by  Edith's  father,  she  gets  a  club- 
house for  the  girls  at  the   factory. 

The  older  women  become  interested  in  Editli  and  she  is  asked  to 
address  the  woman's  club  and  tell  them  about  the  health  examination 
slie  had  in  the  city.  She  succeeds  in  convincing  the  club  members  that 
Sheraton  should  have  a  Health  'Week.  Eventually  the  announcement  is 
made  that  the  Health  Education  Unit  of  the  Y.  W.  C.  A.  will  demon- 
strate its  idea  of  health  and  make  physical  examinations  of  the  young 
women  of  Sheraton.  The  picturization  of  the  examination  is  a  valuable 
lesson  to  all  growing  boys  and  girls  as  it  teaches  correct  breathing, 
posture,  and  selection  of  the  proper  type  of  shoes. 

Men  and  women  begin  to  see  how  far  short  the  town  has  been  from 
supplying  its  own  social  needs.  It  begins  to  organize;  community  spirit 
is  aroused;  and  Edith  takes  the  lead  in  the  new  activities.  Her  girl 
chum  at  last  sees  the  light  and  the  way  is  opened  for  a  different  future. 

This  is  shown  in  a  curtain  call  to  Sheraton  five  years  later.  A  brief 
birdseye  view  of  the  awakened  town  is  made  and  the  central  characters, 
typifying  the  town  itself,  are  found  living  on  a  new  and  happier  basis, 
with  the  Health  Ideal  firmly  establi.shed  as  a  personal  and  a  community 
possession;  while  Edith  is  happily  married  to  Lloyd  NiclioUs  who 
assisted  her  in  arousing  this  community  spirit  in  the  citizens  of  Sheraton. 

These  are  the  ideals  maintained  by  the  newly  organized 
Woman's  Foundation  for  Health,  an  amalgamation  of  sixteen 
leading  organizations  of  women  in  the  United  States.  The  plan 
was  formulated  by  the  Bureau  of  Social  Education,  Y.  W.  C.  A., 
that  is  doing  the  actual  work  of  the  organization  and  distribut- 
ing this  unusual  three  reel  educational  picture  which  was  pro- 
duced by  Carlyle  Ellis,  New  York. 


RECENT  PATHE   REVIEWS 

FISHING  for  porpoise  with  Lord  Waldorf  .\stor  off  the  Isle  of 
Bimini,  near  Key  West,  is  the  outstanding  feature  of  Paths  Review 
No.  119.  "The  Little  City  of  Dreams"  is  the  Capitol  Travelaugh. 
Cartoonist  Hy  Mayer  employing  his  famous  fade-in  gives  a  humorous 
and  satirical  touch  to  scenes  in  Greenwich  Village,  New  York's  Bohemia. 
"Dancing,  alias  Hard  Work"  is  a  slow-motion  study  of  a  difficidt  ter- 
psichorean  feat,  in  which  the  esthetic  dancer  performs  his  gliding 
movements  with  the  nerve  and  finish  of  a  trained  athlete.  "Where  Wil- 
liam Tell  Made  His  Mark"  shows  views  of  Altdorf,  home  of  the  immor- 
tal  Swiss  patriot,  and  of  mountain-bordered   Lake  Lucerne. 

Pathe  Review  No.  120  includes  one  of  the  notable  "Masters  of  Ameri- 
can Art"  series  now  being  brought  out  by  Patlie.  This  number  presents 
the  sculptor  Robert  Aitken,  noted  for  his  execution  of  coins  and 
medals,  at  work  in  his  studio.  "The  Hidden  Creature  of  The  Sea" 
shows  unusual  views  taken  under  ocean  of  those  living  creatures  which 
look  more  like  plants  than  animals.  The  ^'enus  Girdle,  the  Cydippe, 
Sea-Anemones,  and  Actiniaria  are  among  tliose  shown.  "A  Corking 
Story"  outlines  the  life  of  corks,  from  the  trees  in  Spain  and  Portugal 
to  their  finished  state.  "The  Cliff  Road  of  Switzerland,"  in  color, 
pictures  the  Axenstrasse,  or  shore  road  skirting  Lake  Lucerne.  A  slow- 
motion  study  brings  out  the  fact  of  how  slow  the  eye  actually  is  in 
grasping  swift  action. 

Pathe  Review  No.  121.  begins  with  an  Irish  jig  danced  by  the  well- 
known  vaudeville  actor,  Pat  Rooney.  Following  this  are  a  slow-motion 
demonstration  of  cowboy  "stunts"  with  the  lariat;  a  revue  of  the 
fashionable  dogs  of  Paris  led  by  their  stylishly-dressed  owners;  beautiful 
views  in  natural  color  of  Venetian  canals;  and  a  Hy  Mayer  Capitol 
Travelaugh  entitled  "Day  Dreams." 

Lovers  of  bird  dogs  will  enjoy  the  "field  trial"  in  which  some  famous 
canines,  the  finest  of  their  breed,  illustrate  their  remarkable  team  work 
in  locating  game,  pointing,  and  backing  each  other.  This  is  the  leading 
feature  of  Pathe  Review  No.  122. 

Paths  Review  No.  122  (released  September  25).  "The  Open  Door 
In  Morocco"  shows  the  bizarre  and  picturesque  sheets  of  Fez,  in 
natural  colors.  "The  Passing  of  Fifth  .\venue"  deals  with  the  migra- 
tion of  former  dwellers  on  the  Avenue  to  Sutton  Place  on  the  Upper 
East  Side.  "Men  In  The  Making,"  a  remarkable  picture  in  slow  motion 
gives  opportunity  to  study  the  technique  of  trained  athletes,  two  hun- 
dred strong. 


MISCELLANEOUS  SHORT  SUBJECTS 

FOR  the  chicken  raiser  both  actual  and  potential  Something  To 
Crow  About  offers  practical  information.  Management  of  incu- 
bators, separation  of  pedigreed  varieties,  trap  nests  and  band- 
numbers  for  laying  tests,  best  foods,  how  to  eliminate  parasites,  and 
other  informative  material  on  up-to-date  chicken-raising  conil)ine  to 
make  this  reel  valuable  to  the  actual  and  interesting  to  the  theoretical 
chicken-farmer. 

Giants  Of  Industry  does  not  refer  to  the  men  who  furnish  the  raison 
d'  etre  of  the  Stock  Exchange  and  Wall  Street,  but  to  the  quiet  and 
industrious  ants  that  are  seen  carrying  on  their  intelligent,  constructive 
lives  through  the  first  half  of  the"  film.  ITie  second  half  of  this  reel, 
in  sharp  contrast  to  the  first,  deals  with  the  destructive  career  of  the 
house  fly. 

The  Cruise  to  Vera  Cruz  pictures  a  voyage  aboard  an  American  ship 
from  New  York  to  the  palm-shatled  streets  of  the  "City  of  The  True 
Cross."  The  shots  include  a  brief  view  of  the  harl)or  of  Havana  and 
forms  an  interesting  introduction  to  any  proposed  screen  study  of 
Mexico. 

Boro-Bodor  And  The  Bromo.  This  picture  features  the  colossal  car- 
ved pyramid  on  the  island  of  Java  known  as  the  Boro-Bodor.  The  name 
means"  "Shrine  of  Many  Buddhas"  and  tlie  pyramid  is  completely  covered 
with  fantastic  Buddhist  carvings  in  higli  relief.  The  reel  is  com- 
pleted by  views  of  the  Bromo,  an  active  volcanic  crater  within  a  greater 
and  practically  extinct  crater.  This  is  one  of  the  great  natural  wonders 
of  Java. 

A  particularly  beautiful  Bruce  scenic  entitled  By  The  Side  of  The 
Road  takes  the'  spectator  on  a  motor  trip  through  picturesque  rural 
England.  Quaint  thatched  houses  amidst  hedgerows  and  beside  roman- 
tic rivers  are  seen;  gypsy  camps  and  grassy  expanses  which,  because  of 
centuries  of  cultivation  and  careful  tree-planting,  seem  more  like  parks 
than  hay  fields.  Visits  to  Shakespeare's  village  and  the  picturesque 
Welsh  country  are  also  made. 

Something  To  Crow  About.     1   reel.     Fitzpatrick  and  McElroy    (Ford). 

Giants  of  Industry.     1   reel.     Kineto. 

The  Cruise  To  Vera  Cruz.     1  reel.     Famous-Burton  Holmes. 

Boro-Budor  and  The  Bromo.     1   reel.     Famous-Burton   Holmes. 

By  the  Side  of  the  Boad.     1  reel.     Educational. 

"SCOTLAND   YARD    1921" 

THIS  six-reel  film  shows  the  nniltifarious  activities  of  the  Metro- 
politan Police  of  London,  and  begins  with  the  historical  "Charley" 
of  a  hundred  years  ago  going  in  detail  tlirough  the  headquarters  of 
Scotland  Yard  and  introducing  tlie  various  leading  officials,  including 
the  "Big  Four"  of  the  Detective  Division.  Illuminating  pictures  show 
how  the  police  warned  the  London  public  of  coming  air-raids,  and  the 
apparatus  which  distributes  messages  simultaneously  throughout  their 
area.  The  Lost  Property  Office  has  sentimental  interest  to  many,  while 
the  actual  trial  of  car  drivers  and  conductors  represent  practical  ideas. 
The  photographs  of  the  Criminal  Record  Office  operations  should  be 
interesting  to  the  student  of  criminology  as  depicting  the  methotls  of 
identification  by  photographic  and  finger-print  records,  and  here  some 
sensational   relics  are  shown. 

But  the  film  does  not  neglect  the  human  side,  for  the  policeman  is 

seen  in  his  home  life,  at  his  evening  "hops,"  and  also  guarding  various 
public  institutions,  as  well  as  dealing  with  mobs.  Recruiting  method* 
of  the  police  are  shown,  both  the  educational  and  medical  examinations 

being   presented,   physical   training   and   self-defence  methods,   as   well 

as  the  training  observed  in  helping  policemen  to  track  down  "wanted" 

men. 

The   East   End   police   surveillance   includes   the   East   End   markets. 

Petticoat  Lane,   Doggie   Row,   and   Chinatown.   The   mounted   police   is 

seen   in   training,   jumping,   parading   in    columns,    and    rehearsing    for 

ceremonial  processions. 

The    Prince   of   Wales   watches   the   march   past   of   ex-service   men, 

and    talks   with    war    heroes.      The   duties   performed   by    the   Women 

Patrol    and    the    River    Police    are    not    neglected,    the   latter    pictures. 

giving  glimpses  of  how  they  watch  over  the  36-niile  stretch  from  Ted- 

dington  to  Dartford,  and  "deal  with  the  prevention  of  .smuggling  and 

drifting  barges. 
Scotland  Yard  1911.     Distributed  by  Film  Booking  Offices,  London,  England. 

6  reels.  mib       [mi 

MAKING  MOVIES  PAY  IN  YOUR  CHURCH 

(Continued  from  page  10) 
a  personal  subscription  has  been  made,  and  an  appeal  is  always 
good  for  half  the  cost  of  the  machine  in  cash,  the  concert-movie 
plan  will  most  generally  clean  up  the  rest.  All  movie  com- 
panies will  sell  their  machine  on  the  installment  plan  and  liberal 
allowances  are  happily  made. 

Do  the  folks  come  out  to  the  weekly  movie-concerts?  It  has. 
to  be  seen  to  be  believed,  perhaps,  but  in  this  case  seeing  is  be- 
lieving and  the  value  of  the  cinema  is  unlimited.  But  it  was  not 
the  purpose  of  this  paper  to  touch  on  the  values,  merely  the 
mechanics  of  the  new  department.  The  movie  can  be  used  to 
good  effect  both  in  the  city  and  country  and  will  solve  many- 
problems  in  both  places.  ' 


M 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 

Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 


FILM  AIDS  COAL  CONSERVATION 
By  C.  J.  Stover 

Secretary  Pipe  and  Boiler  Manufacturers'   Association 

HOW  coal  bills  can  be  reduced  by  the  proper  insulation  of 
boiler  and  pipes  is  convincingly  demonstrated  in  A  Dollar 
Saved  Is  a  Dollar  Earned.  In  the  opening  scene,  the 
sitting  room  of  the  Norman  home,  Mrs.  Norman  asks 
her  husband  about  the  book  he  is  reading. 

"It's  a  very  interesting  book  on  coal  mining,"  he  replies.  "You 
know,  Gertrude,  that  it  took  nature  thousands  of  years  to  make  a  ton 
of  coal,  yet  in  many  American  homes  several  tons  of  this  precious  fuel 
are  wasted  every  winter." 

Mrs.  Norman  wants  to  know  how  nature  made  the  coal  and  her 
husband  proceeds  to  tell  her  in  animated  drawings.  Huge  trees  and 
abundant  vegetation  cover  the  earth  and  prehistoric  animals  forage  for 
food.  A  great  storm  sweeps  the  trees  to  the  ground.  The  vegetation 
goes  through  a  state  of  decomposition  and  carbonization  which  after 
thousands  of  years  develops   into   coal. 

Reading  from  the  book,  Mr.  Norman  tells  his  wife  that  with  the  per- 
fection of  the  steam  engine  and  boiler  the  uses  of  coal  became  so  varied 
and  general  that  engineers  turned  their  attention  to  the  conservation 
of  heat  by  the  use  of  a  non-conductor.  Mrs.  Norman,  weary  of  the 
subject,  suggests  that  they  phone  the  Browns  to  come  over  for  a  game 
of  cards.  The  scene  flashes  to  the  interior  of  the  Brown  home.  Brown 
is  trying  to  read  the  evening  paper  and  his  wife  trying  to  play  the 
piano,  but  although  both  are  dressed  warm  the  house  is  too  cold  for 
reading  or  piano  playing  with  pleasure. 

The  Browns  eagerly  accept  the  invitation,  being  glad  to  get  out  of 
the  cold  house.  Before  leaving  Brown  goes  to  the  basement  to  fire  up 
•the  furnace. 

"It's  warm  down  in  the  basement,  but  up  here  it's  as  cold  as  a 
refrigerator,"  says  Brown  as  they  are  putting  on  their  wraps. 

"I'm  glad  you  phoned,"  says  Brown  as  he  shakes  hands  with  Norman. 
■"Our  house  is  as  cold  as  a  barn  although  I  have  spent  a  fortune  on 
coal.     How  do  you  keep  your  house  so  warm?" 

"Come  down  into  the  basement  with  me  and  I'll  show  you,"  explains 
Norman  who  shows  Brown  that  he  has  the  same  make  of  boiler  and 
burns  the  same  quality  of  c6al  as  his  friend. 

"The  secret  of  the  whole  thing  lies  right  here,"  explains  Norman, 
calling  Brown's  attention  to  the  insulation  covering  of  the  pipes  and 
boiler. 

After  the  game  of  cards,  Mrs.  Norman  serves  tea.  Over  the  teapot 
she  places  a  tea  cozy  which  her  husband  points  out  as  a  good  example 
of  heat  conservation.  Norman  goes  on  to  explain  that  there  are  14,000 
heat  units  in  one  pound  of  coal  and  that  the  whole  problem  is  to  release 
these  heat  units  where  they  are  needed.  His  explanation  is  shown  in 
an  animated   drawing. 

The  pile  of  burning  coal  dissolves  into  a  covered  boiler  which  in 
turn  fades  into  the  interior  of  the  boiler  firebox  showing  a  myriad  of 
heat  units  dancing  in  the  fire.  The  heat  units  try  to  escape  through 
the  boiler  into  the  basement,  but  they  bump  their  heads  on  the  insula- 
tion covering  and  fall  back  into  the  fire.  Then  the  heat  units  dance 
their  way  upward  through  the  pipes.  Many  of  them  try  to  escape  from 
the  pipes,  but  meet  the  same  covering  obstacle.  They  cannot  get  out 
so  they  proceed  upward  and  find  their  way  into  the  radiator.  When 
they  try  to  escape  from  the  radiator,  they  are  successful.  They  swarm 
over  the  room  and  keep  the  thermometer  at  the  desired  68  deg.  or 
above. 

"But  over  at  your  house,  Brown,  these  heat  units  escape  into  your 
basement  and  most  of  them  never  reach  the  rooms  where  you  need  them," 
said  Norman. 

Then  appears  on  the  screen  an  animated  drawing  which  shows  in 
contrast  the  heat  units  inside  the  Brown  furnace  firebox.  The  heat 
units  dive  right  through  the  uncovereil  l)oiler  and  scamper  al)0ut  the 
basement.  A  nuii)I)er  of  tlie  heat  units  dive  through  the  covers  of  the 
fruit  jars  and  cause  the  fruit  to  spoil. 

Mr.  Brown  is  so  im])ressed  with  his  neighl)or's  explanation  of  the 
heat  units  and  their  conservation  by  insulation  that  he  exclaims;  "The 
first  thing  in  the  morning  I  shall  arrange  to  have  our  boiler  and  pipes 
covered." 

The  final  scene  of  the  picture  shows  the  interior  of  the  Brown  living 
room  sotnetime  later.  Tlie  Browns  are  perfectly  comfortable,  having 
bad   inNulntion  covering  installed  on  their  pipe  and  boiler. 

The  picture  was  produced  by  Rothacker  Film  Manufacturing 
Company  for  the  pipf  and  boiler  manufacturers  of  the  United 
States  and  is  distributed  by  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Mines 
and  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

10 


FILMS   SCREENED  AT   CHEMICAL  EXPOSITION 

THE  Seventh  National  Exposition  of  Chemical  Industries  was 
held  in  New  York  the  week  of  September  12.  Motion  pic- 
tures were  part  of  each  day's  program.  The  films  exhibited 
were:  Story  of  Abrasives,  4  reels,  Carborundum  Co.;  Saving 
Wasted  Millions  Through  Material-Handling  Equipment,  2  reels,  i 
Economy  Engineering  Co. ;  Story  of  Sulphur,  2  reels,  Texas  Gulf 
Sulphur  Co.;  Du  Pont  Dyes,  2  reels,  Du  Pont  de  Nemours  &  Co.;  ' 
Making  Soap,  1  reel,  Baumer  Films;  Manufacture  of  Sausage,  2 
reels,  Armour  &  Co.;  The  Making  of  Oleomargarine,  1  reel,  Ar- 
mour &  Co. ;  The  Electric  Heart,  1  reel,  Baumer  Films ;  ManufaC' 
tare  of  Glass,  3  reels,  Corning  Glass  Co.;  Making  White  Lead, 
2  reels,  National  Lead  Company;  Making  of  Varnish,  1  reel, 
Murphy  Varnish  Co. ;  Making  of  Paint  and  Varnish,  2  reels,  Sher- 
win-Williams Co.;  Making  Paint,  1  reel,  Lowe  Bros.;  Making 
Paint,  1  reel,  Mathews  &  Co. ;  Making  Varnish,  1  reel,  Taylor  Tre- 
gent  &  Co.;  Conserving  Coal-Pipe  and  Boiler  Insulation,  1  reel. 
Magnesia  Association;  Modern  By-Product  Coking,  2  reels.  The 
Koppers  Co.;  Rock  Drilling,  4  reels,  Sullivan  Machinery  Co.; 
Armco  Ingot  Iron,  3  reels,  American  Rolling  Mill  Co.;  Hollow 
Building  Tile,  2  reels,  American  Ceramic  Society;  Manufacture 
of  Newsprint  Paper,  5  reels,  Spanish  River  Pulp  and  Paper  Mills ; 
Extraction  of  Potash  Salts  and  Refining  Potassium  Chloride,  2 
reels  (Societe  Commerciale  des  potasses  d'Alsace). 

The  following  subjects  loaned  by  the  United  States  Bureau  of 
Mines  were  shown:  Iron  Mining  Operations,  4  reels;  Transporta- 
tion and  Storage  of  Iron  Ore,  1  reel;  Story  of  Asbestos,  4  reels; 
Dredging  Anthracite  Coal,  1  reel;  Mine  Explosion  and  Rescue,  1 
reel ;  Manufacture  of  Portland  Cement,  2  reels ;  Dynamite,  1  reel ; 
Exterminate  the  Mosquito,  1  reel;  The  Cost  of  Careless  Firing, 
2  reels;  Getting  the  Most  Out  Of  Coal,  1  reel;  Mining  Magnetic 
Iron  Ore,  2  reels. 

9     W 
SEVEN  REELER  ON  STUDEBAKER  CAR 

A  SEVEN  reel  film  showing  the  manufacture  of  the  Stude- 
baker  Light  Six  is  exhibited  by  Studebaker  agents  in  thea- 
ters, clubs,  and  dealers'  salesrooms. 

The  picture  is  in  some  ways  more  interesting  than  an  actual 
trip  through  the  factory,  because  many  details  and  operations 
which  escape  the  eye  on  such  a  journey  are  caught  by  the  camera 
and  emphasized.  An  educational  advantage  of  this  film  is  that 
it  shows  the  manufacture  and  assembly  of  each  individual  unit 
in  continuity.  For  example,  in  the  making  of  the  crankshaft 
each  step  is  pictured,  from  the  forging  operations  down  to  the 
complete  machining  of  this  important  unit.  The  same  applies 
to  the  camshaft,  motor,  body  and  other  parts. 

A  feature  of  the  big  plant  is  the  arrangement  made  for  lifting 
and  placing  the  motors  and  various  parts  while  being  worked 
upon.  Through  a  system  of  carriers  and  cranes  it  is  never  neces- 
sary for  any  of  the  heayy  parts  to  be  lifted  by  hand  and  the  em- 
ployes are  thus  saved  strength  for  their  careful  tasks. 

Many  other  interesting  features  are  shown  in  th«  picture,  giv- 
ing the  spectator  an  idea  of  the  condition  of  the  workers  and  the 
general  spirit  prevailing  in  the  big  Studebaker  factory. 

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"SHOES   OF   SERVICE" 

FOR  the  thousands  of  miners  throughout  the  coal  districts 
who  find  the  specially  designed  waterproof  miner  pac  a 
necessary  part  of  their  working  equipment,  there  are  prob- 
•  ably  few  who  have  more  than  the  vaguest  idea  of  how  the  manu- 
facturer takes  the  crude  rubber,  and,  with  the  aid  of  stout  cotton 
fabrics,  fashions  these  long-wearing  rubber  shoes. 

In  a  three-reel  film  entitled  Shoes  of  Service  every  step  in  the 
production  of  the  well-known  "Ace-Hi"  Pac,  made  by  the  Con- 
verse Rubber  Shoe  Company,  is  illustrated  in  detail. 

The  film  shows  the  method  of  obtaining  the  latex  from  rubber 
trees  and  the  subsequent  processes  of  solidifying  the  "milk"  into 
biscuits  of  crude  rubber.  After  showing  a  birdseye  view  of  the 
Converse  plant  at  Maiden,  Mass.,  the  picture  visualizes  the  pre- 
liminary stages  through  which  the  crude  material  passes — the 
soaking,  crushing,  washing,  and  drying  of  the  raw  rubber  by 
powerful  machines.  There  are  several  scenes  of  the  laboratory 
where  scientific  tests  are  applied  to  incoming  raw  materials. 

In  the  factory  the  crude  rubber  starts  on  its  way  through  the 
various  manufacturing  stages.  Large  batches  of  rubber  and 
chemicals  are  kneaded  together  between  heated  steel  rolls  until 
thoroughly  mixed.  The  resuUing  putty-like  mass  is  then  rolled 
into  sheets  of  varying  thicknesses,  from  which  are  cut  the  different 
parts  used  in  the  construction  of  pacs,  heavy  boots  or  light  rub- 
bers. The  shoe  is  then  assembled,  part  by  part,  and  if  it  is  a  light 
rubber,  is  dipped  in  varnish  to  give  it  the  familiar  shiny  appear- 
ance when  finished.  The  racks  of  foot-wear  are  then  sent  to  the 
vulcanizing  room  where  they  are  hardened,  or  "cured"  by  heating. 

^er  showing  the  processes  used  in  making  arctics,  tennis 
shoe^  and  other  rubber  products,  the  manufacture  of  the  miners' 
"Ace-Hi"  Pac  is  depicted.  Emphasis  is  given  to  the  thick  sole, 
which  is  built  up,  or  "laminated"  by  rolling  together  several 
layers  of  thinner  rubber,  a  process  that  not  only  adds  to  the 
wearing  power  of  the  rubber,  but  which  prevents  the  forming  of 
air  bubbles  or  "blisters"  when  the  shoe  is  cured. 

The  picture  ends  with  scenes  in  a  mine  where  the  Ace-Hi  pacs 
are  shown  giving  practical  service.  The  film  was  produced  by 
Rothacker,  Chicago. 

MAi        ffiDi 

KAHLER  SHOE  FILM  INSTRUCTIVE 

WHILE  the  one-reel  picture  produced  by  William  J.  Ganz 
Co.  for  the  Lounsbury-Soule  Co.,  New  York,  featuring 
the  Kahler  Shoe  for  Women,  is  primarily  intended  for  advertising 
purposes,  the  stress  laid  by  illustration  and  text  on  the  anatomical 
phase  of  correct  shoe  making  gives  it  decided  value. 

A  brief  introduction,  pleasantly  acted  by  two  young  women  and 
a  child  in  an  outdoor  setting,  leads  to  a  classroom  lecture  on  the 
anatomy  of  the  foot,  the  part  played  by  the  bones  of  the  arch 
in  supporting  the  weight  of  the  body,  and  the  necessity  of  avoid- 
ing strained  muscles  and  fallen  arches  by  keeping  the  foot  in 
correct  alignment  with  the  body.  The  Kahler  shoe,  which  has  a 
straight  inner  line,  is  shown  to  do  this.  X-ray  pictures  of  feet 
in  correct  and  incorrect  shoes  further  illustrate  the  point. 

The  remainder  of  the  reel  is  occupied  with  the  manufacture 
of  the  Kahler  shoe,  emphasis  being  placed  on  the  cardinal  points : 
the  straight  inner  line,  depressions  in  the  last  for  the  ball  and 
heel,  the  arch-supporting  stitched  webbing,  the  steel  shank  sup- 
port, and  the  waterproof  cork  gum  filling. 

The  pictures  are  clear,  with  many  close-ups  and  no  waste 
footage  in  long  shots  and  superfluous  material.  Especial  pains 
have  evidently  been  taken  to  make  the  captions  informationally 
valuable  and  easily  understood.  The  continuity  is  credited  to 
Clara  de  Lissa  Berg. 


U.  S.  MINES  BUREAU  BUILDING  LP  FILM  LIBRARY 

THE  United- States  Bureau  of  Mines  announces  that  two  edu- 
cational motion  pictures  illustrative  of  the  mineral  industry 
have  recently  been  completed.  The  first  of  these,  the  story  of 
abrasives,  shows  the  generation  of  power  at  Niagara  Falls,  its 
utilization  for  the  production  of  carborundum  (silicide  of  car- 
bon), and  aloxite  (aluminum  sesquioxide),  and  finally  the  num- 
erous interesting  and  important  industrial  operations  that  are 
performed  with  the  aid  of  the  abrasives  thus  manufactured. 

The  story  of  rock  drilling  shows  the  use  of  modern  types  of 
rock  drill,  not  only  for  shaft-sinking  and  underground  operations, 
but  also  for  quarrying  and  the  cutting  of  the  new  hydro-electric 
power  canal  to  connect  Lake  Erie  with  Lake  Ontario. 

The  bureau  is  building  up  the  world's  largest  library  of  min- 
ing and  metallurgical  educational  films.  The  intention  is  to 
film  every  branch  of  the  American  mining  industry  in  such  detail 
that  technical  universities  can  procure  pictures  that  will  visualize 
any  subject  which  the  students  are  studying  from  their  books. 

M.  F.  Leopold,  safety  engineer  of  the  bureau,  said  at  a  recent 
meeting  that  84  per  cent  of  American  universities  are  provided 
with  equipment  for  picture  projection.  Thirty-seven  of  the  states 
have  well  organized  societies  for  the  promotion  of  visual  educa- 
tion, and  through  these  organizations  the  bureau's  educational 
pictures  are  being  distributed  to  the  lower  grade  schools  as  well 
as  the  colleges. 

PLANTS  AND  PRODUCTS  OF  THE  CORNING  GLASS  WORKS 

GLASS  blowing  and  glass  molding  provoke  an  undying  in- 
terest for  the  uninitiated.     This  curiosity  finds  satisfaction 
in  the  three  reel  motion  picture  produced  for  the  Corning 
Glass  Company.     In  viewing  the  film  one  is  impressed  with  the 
amount  of  hard  labor  employed  in  the  glass  industry,  as  each 
article  is  made  individually. 

Electric  light  bulbs  are  blown  both  by  man  power  and  machin- 
ery. Intricate  machines  blow  and  mold  in  one  process  bulbs  for 
electric  lights.  The  entire  manufacturing  process  is  visualized, 
which  includes  the  "hand  blown"  globe  as  you  see  the  glass 
blower  dip  up  the  "gather"  on  the  tube  and  blow  it  into  the 
desired  shape  and  size  of  the  incandescent  lamp. 

Making  fine  glass  tubing  used  in  laboratories  and  clinical 
supplies  is  particularly  interesting  as  the  glass  blowers  are  so 
expert  that  they  can  blow  long  fine  tubes  many  feet  in  length 
and  the  diameter  of  the  tube  never  varies.  Battery  jars,  chemical 
glassware,  and  red  globes  used  for  railroad  lanterns  are  shown 
in  process  of  manufacture. 

Cooking  utensils  known  as  Pyrex  glass  are  seen  molded  and 
tested.  When  finished  they  must  withstand  the  test  of  great  heat, 
ice  water  plunge,  and  finally  are  dropped  from  a  height  of  six 
feet  into  a  wire  basket,  to  insure  their  indestructibility  before 
they  are  ready  for  the  market. 

Perhaps  the  most  fascinating  part  of  the  film  shows  the  blowing 
and  hand  molding  of  vases  and  baskets  decorated  with  leaves 
and  fruit  of  colored  glass,  the  wizardlike  hands  of  the  workman 
producing  artistic  pieces  of  glass  which  are  used  in  home  decora- 

The  picture  was  produced  by  Eugene  Roder  for  interplant  use, 
to  show  to  employees  the  productions  of  the  various  departments 
of  the  Corning  Glass  Works;  therefore  there  are  few  explanatory 
titles.  It  is  intensely  interesting  and,  when  edited  and  titled  for 
non-theatrical  distribution,  will  have  great  educational  value.  It 
was  part  of  the  motion  picture  program  of  the  recent  Exposition 
of  Chemical  Industry  in  New  York  and  received  very  favorable 
comment. 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


A  SERIES  of  films  picturing  the 
economic  history  of  the  United 
States,  made  by  the  Society  for 
Visual  Education,  is  being  used  in 
Oklahoma  schools,  churches,  and  Y. 
M.  C.  A.'s.  The  series  includes  pic- 
tures and  diagrams  illustrating  the 
development  of  canak,  railroad  sys- 
tems, and  steamboat  lines  and  em- 
phasizes the  influence  which  these 
facilities  have  had  on  the  development 
of  the  country.  With  equal  clearness 
is  set  forth  the  manner  in  which  trans- 
portation facilities  have  influenced  the 
trend  of  migration  throughout  the  na- 
tion's life. 

*  * 

Dr.  Russell  H.  Conwell,  the  famous 
clergyman  and  lecturer  of  Philadelphia 
recently  arranged  for  the  production 
of  a  photoplay  called  "Johnny  Ring 
and  the  Captain's  Sword."  a  story  of  a 
boy  ridiculed  by  his  captain  for  his 
practice  of  saying  his  evening  prayers. 
The  whole  story  is  taken  out  of  a  Civil 
War  setting,  in  which  Dr.  Conwell 
himself  appears  as  a  star.  This  is  said 
to  be  the  first  time  in  which  a  well- 
known  clergyman  has  seriously  entered 
the  film  field  as  an  actor.  The  picture 
is  ready  for  distribution  to  the 
churches  and  is  being  booked  for  reli- 
gious showings.  Dr.  Conwell  has  or- 
ganized a  company  to  handle  its  dis- 
tribution. 

*  * 

Motion  pictures  illu.strating  soutliern 
Idaho  industries,  agriculture,  commer- 
cial progress,  educational  advantages 
and  power  resources  were  screened 
recently  for  Oregon  Short  Line  Offi- 
cials. The  Minidoka  diverting  dam. 
with  connecting  electric  plant,  and 
the  irrigation  canals,  with  redeenwd 
country  below  the  ditches,  were  of  spe- 
cial interest,  as  was  the  showing  of 
agricultural  operations  conducted  with 
labor  saving  machinery,  and  the  opera- 
tion of  entire  establishments  with  elec- 
tricity. Views  of  the  more  prominent 
municipal  centers  in  southern  Idaho 
were  also  shown. 

*  * 

The  city  of  Napavine,  Wash.,  has  its 
own  movie  show.  The  school  board 
had  shipped  on  approval  a  complete 
projection  outfit,  and  a  picture  pro- 
gram has  been  arranged  for. 

*  * 

Path^  is  issuing  a  series  of  screen 
studies,  designed  to  be  educational  en- 
tertainment. Tlie  first  seven  subjects 
announced  are  "Athletic  Movements," 
employing  slow  motion ;  "Yosemite,  the 
Valley  of  Enchantment,"  by  the  Pathfi- 
color  process;  "Felling  Forest  Giants." 
"Br'er  Rabbit  and  His  Pals,"  "Animal 
Camouflage."  "Birds  of  Prey"  and 
"Molluscs." 

*  * 

President  Harding  is  a  movie  fan 
who  enioys  the  better  type  of  photo- 
play. 'The  Birthplace  of  Christianity," 
a  seven-reel  motion  oicture  tour  of  the 
Holy  Land,  and  "The  Rider  of  the 
King  Log"  were  shown  recently  in  the 
East  Room  of  the  White  House  to 
President  and  Mrs.  Harding  and  their 
Invited  guests.  The  President  also  saw 
"Wet  Gold."  ttie  Williamson  underseas 
nicture.  at  Senator  Knox's  country 
home. 


Motion  pictures  and  photographs 
usefl  by  the  Detroit  police  department 
in  safety  educational  work  are  being 
employed  by  automobile  clubs  and 
school  boards  in  many  states,  George 
A.  Walters,  deputy  police  commission- 
er, said  recently.  At  present  the  Chi- 
cago board  of  education  is  using 
"hurry   Slowly." 

*  * 

Five  communities  around  Montrose, 
Colora<lo,  are  being  reached  regularly 
by  Rev.  E.  J,  Davis,  extension  secre- 
tary. Besides-  gospel  services,  a  com- 
munity program  is  given  at  each  place 
every  two  weeks  in  co-operation  with 
the  local  parent-teacher  association, 
the  Grange,  fann  bureau,  or  other  or- 
ganization. A  portable  projector  fur- 
nishes motion  pictures  and  local  talent 
provides  the  rest  of  the  program. 

*  * 

Trinity  Episcopal  Church  Sunday 
School,  Victoria,  Texas,  is  learning  its 
lessons  Sundays  from  the  motion  pic- 
ture screen.  The  topics  of  the  les- 
sons are  taught  by  means  of  suitable 
films  selected  by  the  rector. 

*  * 

Microscopic  views  of  a  piece  of 
metal  actually  failing  were  shown 
in  motion  pictures  and  explained 
by  Professor  H.  F.  Moore  of  the 
T'niversity  of  Illinois,  who  spoke  on 
"The  Fatigue  of  Metals."  at  the 
recent  meeting  of  engineers  in  Da- 
venport, Iowa.  The  pictures,  which 
were  reviewed  in  this  magazine  in 
inin.  were  taken  at  the  university 
under  the  direction  of  Professor 
Moore,  and  represent  an  unusual 
undertaking.  Professor  Moore  used 
both  film  and  slide  in  showing  how 
metal  can  fail,  the  motion  picture 
indicating  a  piece  of  metal  in  the 
process  of  cracking  and  deteriorat- 
ing. 

*  • 

"Alaska  to  Labrador"  was  the 
movie  lecture  given  by  Ti.  O.  Arm- 
strong of  Washington,  D.  C.  at  a 
recent  meeting  of  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce.  Watertown.  X.  Y.  The 
lecturer  has  exnlored  all  sections  of 
this  continent  during  the  past  forty 
years. 

*  • 

The  senior  class  of  the  Olympia. 
"".nsh..  High  School  presented  to  the 
institution  as  a  memorial  a  Simplex 
motion  picture  nroiector.  The  five 
-■^"I  baseball  picture  "The  Pinch 
Hitter,"  with  Charles  Ray,  was 
shown  on  the  new  machine. 

*  • 
Graduates  In  public  health  nursing 

from  the  University  of  California,  at 
a  Red  Cross  conference  in  Ran  Fran- 
cisco, discussed  the  themes  of  "An 
Equal  Chance"  and  "Every  Woman's 
"roblem"  after  seeing  these  two 
films  at  the  meeting. 

*  * 

PnthS's  "Behold  the  Man"  was  the 
first  picture  shown  on  the  new  pro- 
jection machine  of  the  First  Pres- 
byterian Church.  Helena,  Mont. 
There  were  four  showings,  on  Sat- 
urday and  Sunday. 


The  county  board  of  health,  Quit- 
man, Ga.,  has  purchased  a  DeVry 
portable  projector  for  the  use  of 
Health  Commissioner  Fort  in  his 
better  health  campaign.  The  electric 
current  will  be  supplied  by  auto- 
mobile batteries.  Government  films 
will    be    shown. 

•  * 

At  the  annual  meeting  and  dinner 
of  the  Insurance  Club  of  Chicago, 
Colonel  T.  A.  Siqueland,  manager 
foreign  department  State  Bank  of 
Chicago,  lectured  on  "Side  Lights  on 
the  German  Military  and  Naval  Intelli- 
gence System.  "  Colonel  Siqueland, 
with  motion  pictures,  described  the 
sinking  of  vessels  by  German  sub- 
marines; the  details  from  the  time 
ships  were  sighted  until  they  sink  be- 
neath the  waters  are  vividly  de- 
picted. This  lilm,  the  first  of  its 
kind  shown  outside  of  Germany,  was 
brought  to  the  United  States  by 
Colonel  Siqueland.  He  was  chief  in- 
telligence officer  in  northern  Europe 
ior  the  United  States  army,  stationed 
at  Copenhagen  as  military  attache. 

•  • 

The  Baptist  Church  of  Eaton  Ra- 
pids. Mich.,  is  the  first  local  church 
to  give  motion  picture  shows  and 
charge  admission.  The  Baptists  re- 
cently gave  "Paul  Revere"  and 
"Vanity  Fair."  The  admission 
charged  was   fifteen  cents. 

•  • 

"Keep  'Em  Smiling,"  the  recrea- 
tional film  distributed  by  Commun- 
ity Service,  Inc..  New  York,  was 
sliown  recently  in  the  picture  thea- 
ters of  Paris.   Kv. 

•  • 

"The  Stream  of  Life."  distributed 
in  the  Middle  West  by  New  Era 
Films.  Chicago,  was  shown  recently 
at  Fourth  Presbyterian  Church, 
Garret  Biblical  Institute,  and  before 
the  union  ministers  meeting  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Chicago  church 
federation. 

•  « 

First  Methodist  Church.  Schenec- 
tady, N.  Y..  Rev.  Dr.  Philip  L. 
Frick,  pastor,  is  using  films  on  Sun- 
day nights  as  part  of  the  church 
service. 

•  * 

The  Women's  Auxiliary  of  the  Dis- 
trict Dental  Society.  St.  Paul.  Minn., 
gave  a  movie  show  at  the  Park 
Theater,  that  city,  the  proceeds  to 
be  devoted  to  the  work  of  the  dental 
clinic  in  the  schools. 

•  • 

The  money  r.iised  at  the  senior 
nla.v  of  the  graduating  class  of  the 
Butte.  Mont..  High  School  was  used 
for  the  purchase  of  a  portable  njo- 
tion  picture  machine. 

•  * 

A  combination  movie  and  slide 
projector  is  used  bv  the  Salvation 
Army  in  Kenosha  County.  Wiscon- 
sin, to  visualize  the  welfare  work 
of  the  organization  In  that  state 
and  other  welfare  activities. 

•  • 

"The  Mill  on  the  Floss."  pictur- 
Ized  from  George  Eliot's  novel.  waF 
recently  shown  to  the  students  of 
Milwaukee  Normal  School. 


Mrs.  Florence  Slown  Hyde  of  cfi 
cago  screened  four  reels  on  the  lawil 
of  the  Presbyterian  church  at  Hej 
worth,  111.,  and  spoke  on  "Maklnjl 
Americans."  The  pictures  show  liti 
ing  conditions  and  Americanizatloi 
activities  in  one  of  Chicago's  mofty 
congested  sections.  This  film  wai, 
also  seen  in  the  Presbyterian  church 
Danvers,  HI.,  and  other  towns  ii 
that  state.  Mrs.  Hyde  is  the  flel<! 
secretary  of  Olivet  Institute.  th(, 
largest  Protestant  social  settlemen 
and  community  service  church  li: 
that  city. 

*  * 

During  the  month  of  .Tuly  the  Dei 
cavur  County.  Georgia.  Board  o 
Health  showed  a  three-reel  picture! 
in  all  militia  districts  of  the  cotmty, 
for  the  prevention  of  infectious  dis 
eases.  The  picture  shows  the  moth 
ods  employed  in  making  various  bio- 
logical  products  used  in  the  proven 
tion  and  curative  treatment  of  diph 
theria,   typhoid  fever,  and   smallpox 


A  film  showing  the  method  ol 
growing  tobacco  under  shade  in  thi 
Connecticut  valley  and  a  talk  b> 
Prof.  James  Johnson  were  on  tht 
program  of  the  recent  meeting  ol 
the  Wisconsin  Tobacco  Marketing 
Association  at  Madison,  Wis. 

*  • 

E.  C.  Knapp.  general  secretary  ol 
The  Inland  Empire  Sunday  School 
Association,  writes  this  magazine  as 
follows  :  "We  have  used  motion  pic- 
tures in  both  our  Seattle  and  Spo- 
kane vacation  schools  with  good  suc- 
cess. Last  year,  instead  of  darken- 
ing our  room  which  somewhat  inter- 
feres with  the  ventilation,  we  mad« 
arrangements  with  a  theater  to  havflj 
the  children  march  over  to  the  thea-l 
ter  for  two  or  three  reels  at  10  a,  m. 
"'•'s  did  not  interfere  with  theii 
shows   which   began  at   11  a.   m.  " 

*  * 

Through  the  courtesy  of  Dr. 
Frances  Sage  Bradley  in  charge  of 
the  Child  Welfare  Special,  films  on 
public  health  were  shown  at  local 
theaters  in  Conway.  Ark.,  as  a  fol- 
low-up to  the  -work  done  there  by 
Dr.  Bradley  and  her  corps  of  assis- 
tants. 


Free  movies  were  presented  for 
the  benefit  of  the  children  of  Bren- 
ham,  Texas,  and  their  elders,  on  the 
high  school  campus,  under  auspices 
of  the  T'nited  Home  Missionary  So- 
ciety. The  principal  production  was 
"P.ilestine."  with  an  accompanying 
explanatory  lecture  by  Rev.  I.  I-. 
Jenkins,  pastor  of  the  Christian, 
Church.  "Onr  Children"  was  showi 
another  week. 


I 


Mary  Plckford's  "Pollyanna"  is  to 
be  the  first  oicture  shown  at  thr 
Shakespeare  Memorial  Theater,  sil 
uated  in  Shakespeare's  own  garden 
nt  Stratford-on-.\von.  when  this 
theater  follows  the  lead  of  so  many 
others  and  Is  converted  Into  a  movie 
house. 


THE  TEKNAGRAPH  AS  A  VISUAL  TEACHER 


THESE  highly  developed  instructional  films, 
combininjt  actual  motion  picture  photog- 
raphy and  animated  technical  drawings,  of 
course  must  l)e  specially  ])rodHced,  For  educa- 
tors the  best  procedure  toward  obtaining  them 
seems  to  be  for  them  to  work  out  among  them- 
selves, in  association,  with  the  benefit  of  the 
educational  motion  )iicture  engineer's  knowl- 
e<lge  in  consultation,  some  agreement  for  the 
production  first  of  all  of  those  films  for  which 
the  common  need  is  greatest,  for  classroom  In- 
struction. At  the  present  time,  outside  those 
which  the  Bray  peo|)lc  have  produced  for  the 
government,  they  have  made  quite  a  number 
of  excellent  ones  for  industrial  conc'erns.  These, 


By    J.    MiLNOR    DOREY 

(Conclusion) 

however,  though  having  good  educational  value 
are  of  course  chiefly  intended  for  propaganda 
and  therefore  tmsuited  to  replace  the  textbook 
in  actual  cla.ssroom  instruction.  A  sharp  dis- 
tinction should  be  made;  for  it  is  not  in  the 
line  of  good  development  of  visual  instruction 
to  employ  film  for  this  use  which,  though  ex- 
cellent for  propaganda,  may  fall  far  short  of 
filling  the  exact  purpo.sc  striven  for,  especially 
when  the  desired  end  can  be  obtained. 

Prints   Now   AvAH-ABts 

Prints  from  the  kind  of  films  which  have 
been  referred  to  are  not  yet  available  for  the 
use  of  educators,  except  only  temporarily  and 

18 


through  the  courtesy  of  governmental  depart- 
ments or  industrial  concerns.  There  is  another 
class  and  this  is  the  one  which  for  the  present 
nuist  meet  most  of  the  demand  for  edtu'ational 
prints.  Fortunately  the  films  of  this  class  can 
be  used  to  good  advantage  and  in  many  casc.^ 
will  go  far  in  paving  the  way  for  the  adoption 
of  the  advanced  educational  film  for  regular 
use    in    the   classroom. 

For  a  considerable  time  a  number  of  motion 
picture  producers  have  been  turning  out  short 
educational  reels  for  theatrical  releases,  some 
of  them  scientific.  Heretofore  the  demand  frcmi 
non-theatrical  exhibitors  has  luit  been  sufticicnt^ 
to   encourage   the   making   of   films    for   thei 


i>ne,  but  happily  we  are  now  coming  into  a 
fferent  time.  To  the  credit  of  the  motion 
cture  industry  this  is  due  very  largely  to 
i  own  aggressive  development  rather  than  to 
itivity  among  non-theatrical  exhibitors  in 
'jrking  up  public  interest  in  the  motion  pic- 
ire  lyceuni. 

'The  Bray  collection  of  educational  picto- 
japlis   consists  of  short   films;   most  of  them 


the  airbrush.  Very  well,  the  airbrush  was  used 
here.  Now,  in  order  to  animate  this  teknagraph 
vapor  so  realistically,  how  many  different 
progressive  airbrush  cut-out  drawings  did  the 
illustrators  have  to  make?  How  did  they  make 
them  in  their  proper  sequence  so  as  to  show  ex- 
actly the  right  progress  of  movement?  I  do 
not  know.  But  the  size  of  the  task  of  this  one 
detail  alone  will  be  understood  when  the  prin- 


|-e  from   a   quarter   to   half   a   reel   in   length,      ciple  of  using  these  pictures  is  explained. 
id    sections    of    prints    to    fill    one    or    more 
■els    can    be    made    and    the    reels    rented    at 
•asonable  cost.     There  are  good  selections  on 
iX)logy,  zoology,  sociology,  psychology,  hygiene, 
■rrioulture,   horticulture,   arts   and   crafts,   do- 
mestic  economy,   and   so   on.      Actual   photog- 
Jiphy   is    generously   used    and   there   is    some 
Wendid  microscopic  work  in  the  collection.    In 
.'idition  other  subjects,  such  as  sports,  or  car- 
rx)n  comics,  may  be  combined  with  them   for 
•le  purpose  of  making  up  a  program.    Educa- 
jjrs   lumdicapped  by   the  difficulties  of  taking 
iassis    afield    will    realize    the    advantage    of 
'eing    able    to    throw    on    the    screen    actual 
:.hotograpliv    studies    from    which    all    loss    of 
lime  and  test  of  patience  have  been  eliminated. 
For  example,  what  a  satisfaction  to  show  a  bee 
ft  its  work  so  that  the  entire  class  can  watch, 
nd  then  to  follow  this  with  a  teknagraph  show- 
ing the   hidden   interior   of   the   hive,   and   the 
nafomy  of  the  bee  itself,  not   as   a   diagram, 
■lit    in  lifelike  animation. 


How  Is  It  Done.'' 

■  Tlie  making  of  an  animated  technical  draw- 
jng  would  itself  make  a  subject  of  great  inter- 
f;st.     The  inventive  ability  and  resourcefulness 
;.hat  are  demanded  of  the  teknagraph  engineer 
:irould  be  shown  to  be  extraordinary.    In  watch- 
ing the  projection  of  such  a  film  few  persons 
;:an  imagine  how  laboriously  it  was  produced. 
Take    once    again,    for    example,    the    Norfolk 
anpine     picture,     much     of    which    is    devoted 
to     showing     the     interior     of     this     gasoline 
'engine   during  operation.     The   spectator   sees 
the  gasoline  flowing  into  the  carburetor,  sees  it 
sprayed  and  mixed  with  air  to  form  vapor,  sees 
'this  vapor  or  gas  pass  first  into  the  crank-case 
of   the    engine,    sees    it   there   compressed    and 
partly  expelled,  partly  sucked,  through  a  by- 
.pass    into    the    engine    cylinder    or    combustion 
chamber,  sees  it  there  compressed  and  exploded, 
and  sees  it  scoured  out  into  the  exhaust  pipe. 
This    is    no    animated    diagram;    the    gas    has 
'  the  appearance  of  a  perceptible  vapor — looks 
like  smoke  or  steam.     The  gasoline  flows  like 
gasoline.     How  is  it  done? 

Take  simply  the  movement  of  tlie  vapor — 
never  mind  the  simultaneous  movement  of  the 
engine  piston,  connecting  rod  and  crank-shaft, 
flash  of  the  electric  spark,  and  movement  of 
the  gasoline.  Just  forget  also  that  all  this 
movement  is  shown,  not  only  in  a  single  cylinder 
but  in  the  usual  marine  motor  multiples,  and 
share  the  teknagraph  man's  relief  in  not  being 
required  simultaneously  to  show  movement  of 
valves,  since  the  Norfolk  is  a  so-called  valve- 
less  engine.  How  is  that  vapor  made  to  flow 
through  its  devious  course  in  synchronization 
with  the  movement  of  the  piston,  in  an  engine 
half  of  which  is  cut  away  to  show  what  goes 
on  inside?     Remember,  it  looks  like  smoke. 

In   making   wash   drawings   smoke   or   vapor 
can   be   remarkably   well   simulated   by   use   of 


If  I  remember  correctly,  this  is  a  four-reel 
film,  or  about  4,000  feet  long.  The  movement 
of  the  gas  is  shown  in  a  total  length  of  at 
least  several  hundred  feet,  exclusive  of  titles. 
There  are  16  frames  to  tlie  foot,  or  8,000  in  500 
feet  of  film.  To  project  smoothly  instead  of 
jerkily,  as  of  course  has  to  be  done  here  to 
simulate  reality,  in  animated  technical  drawings 
involves  the  use  of  a  different  drawing  for 
nearly  every  frame,  say  not  more  than  every 
other  one,  and  the  number  of  course  depends 
upon  the  speed  of  the  movement  to  be  shown.        , 

Now  before  starting  to  compute,  please  re- 
member two  things:  First,  that  it  has  been 
stated  that  upwards  of  1,000  drawings  were 
made  for  this  four-reel  film,  and  next,  that  it 
does  not  take  a  gasoline  engine  long  to  turn 
over,  after  which  it  simply  turns  over  again  in 
exactly  the  same  way.  So  you  see  producing 
those  vapor  drawings  perliaps  was  actually  not 
a  much  greater  task  than  photographing  them. 
As  I  have  suggested,  the  motion  picture  en- 
gineer has  his  work  cut  out  for  him  anyhow, 
in  one  way  or  another.  And  it  is  only  through 
the  experience  of  himself  and  others  trained  for 
the  work,  gained  in  producing  the  films  for 
which  a  demand  has  been  found,  that  he  now 
is  able  to  produce  tlie  kind  of  educational  films 
we  have  all  been  waiting  for — films  for  actual 
classroom  instruction.  With  him  it  has  been 
all  in  the  day's  work,  but  he  has  brought  great 
aid  to  visual  instruction,  for  which  he  now 
seems  about  to  be  rewarded  by  a  correspond- 
ing increase  in  the  demand  for  his  services. 

FILMING  MOOSE  AMID  FOREST  FIRES 

(Contimied  from  page  9) 
a  mighty  spread  of  horns  was  stalked  and 
photographed  before  he  knew  it,  and  then 
filmed  as  he  discovered  the  intruders  and 
majestically  took  deliberate  leave,  as  if  un- 
certain   or    disdainful    of    danger. 

"They  stopped  for  lunch  and  then  continued 
on,  always  looking  for  another  moose  around 
the  next  bend  or  in  tlie  next  small  lake.  The 
return  trip  in  the  late  afternoon  and  the 
long  northern  evening  would  reward  them  with 
many  more  thrilling  stalks  and  run  up  tlie 
cameraman's  footage  of  exposed  film.  The 
farther  they  went  the  better  the  photography 
conditions  were,  because  they  were  going  away 
from  the  fires.  They  probably  forgot  all  about 
the  fires,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  being  so  inter- 
ested in  their  hunt  for  more  and  more  moose 
pictures. 

New  Fihe  Daxgers  .Vhise 

"When  they  turned  around  for  the  return 
trip,  Ernest  Couchai,  the  head  guide,  did  not 
like  the  looks  of  things.  They  all  could  see 
a  great  cloud  of  smoke  ascending  to  the  south- 
west and  it  seemed  to  be  much  closer  than 
the  fire  of  yesterday  had  been.  Evidently  a 
new  fire  had   started   in   the  reserve,  near  the 

19 


south  shore  of  Lake  Dasserat.  They  hurried 
on  down  the  river  and  began  to  realize  they 
had  come  many  miles.  The  smoke  increased, 
and  finally  the  fire  could  be  heard,  at  a  dist- 
ance of  about  two  miles.  Fortunately  the 
wind  was  light,  the  same  puffy  breeze  we  had 
most   of  the   time. 

"The  guides  wanted  to  separate  the  two 
canoes,  which  were  lashed  together  as  a  cata- 
maran, but  Cave  and  Schaefer  wanted  to  keep 
the  motion  picture  camera  set  up,  in  the  hope 
of  filming  animals  fleeing  from  the  fire.  But 
in  the  time  that  the  guides  would  allow  this 


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there  were  few  reall}-  good  opportunities  for 
pictures.  Once  a  cow  moose  was  heard  coming 
to  the  river,  grunting  to  her  calf  to  follow 
her.  They  filmed  her  as  she  swam  the  river, 
but  the  calf  had  dropped  behind  and  when  it 
saw  the  canoe.s  dodged  back  into  the  woods 
until   they  got  by,  then  foDowed. 

By  this  time  tlie  men  could  see  tlie  fire  in 
the  woods  on  both  sides  of  the  river;  but  , 
fortunately  this  was  scattered,  being  started 
here  and  there  l)y  embers  from  the  main  fire  far 
to  the  soutliwest.  They  separated  tlie  canoes, 
and  as  now  and  then  a.  spruce  tree  on  the 
river  bank  could  be  seen  to  burst  into  flame, 
and  the  heat  and  smoke  were  getting  worse, 
they  soaked  their  clothing  in  the  river  and 
covered  their  faces  with  wet  handkerchiefs. 
Then  they  ran  for  it.  I  guess  there  were  times 
when  they  found  it  pretty  hot,  for  the  river 
averaged  only  about  100  feet  wide.  An  hour 
later  and  they  might  have  had  to  turn  back  up 
the  Montbray  and  portage  overland  next  day 
through  the  forest  to  Lake  Dasserat.  But 
they  got  out  to  the  lake  without  even  a  singe, 
and  by  that  time  the  northwest  wind  and  tlie 
shower  stopped  the  fire's  advance.  Had  the 
same  wind  blown  from  the  south  they  could 
not  have  come  out  to  the  lake,  or  might  have 
been  caught  in  the  river  between  two  fires. 

"Actually,  the  big  fire  which  they  had  seen 
to  the  southwest  of  Lake  Dasserat  had  not 
entered  the  reserve.  The  fire  they  encountered 
on  the  river  was  one  of  the  numerous  small 
ones  which  were  started  by  embers  carried 
from  this  big  fire  when  the  wind  freshened  and 
swung  to  the  west.  Fortunately  this  wind  died 
down  at  sunset  and  the  showers  that  followed 
probably  put  out  rnany  of  the  small  fires. 

"They  ate  their  supper  on  their  island  in  the 
lake,  then  broke  camp,  and  started  out  in  the 
dark  and  the  smoke  to  return  to  our  camp  at 
Pine  Point.  Of  course  they  could  not  tell  how 
much  fire  there  was  in  the  reserve  and  it  was 
not  until  the  day  following  and  the  smoke  lifted 
considerably  that  we  were  able  to  see  that  the 
only  big  fires  were  the  two  around  Labyrinth 
Lake. 

"How  the  Couchai  brothers  could  find  their 
way  among  all  those  islands  in  the  dark  and 
the  smoke  is  past  my  understanding.  But 
most  of  the  guides  have  remarkable  qualifica- 
tions as  woodsmen  and  could  hear  or  see  a 
moose  in  the  water  at  unbelievable  distances. 

Got  All  The  Moose  Films  They  Wanted 
"We  now  had  all  the  moose  pictures  we 
wanted,  .so  decided  to  rest  up  for  a  day  and 
then  pull  out.  David  McKenzie,  the  Hudson's 
Bay  Company  factor  at  Abitibi  Post,  with  an 
Indian  canoeman  and  a  man  Saiigstcr  had  left 
in  charge  of  the  launch,  came  in  looking  for 
u.s,  after  themselves  having  for  a  time  been 
lost  in  the  smoke.  The  surface  of  Lake  Da.s- 
serat  was  black  with  burnt  debris  from  the 
fires,  the  spruce  needles  and  burnt  deciduous 
leaves  forming  a  scum.  This  liglit  stuff  is  car- 
ried liigb  in  the  air  by  the  heat  of  the  fire,  and 
if  there  is  a  winil  it  then  travels  for  miles.  It 
is  the  liifs  of  bark  .ifid  small  sticks  wbieli  con- 
tinue to  burn  tlial  si  irt  other  fires. 

"On  our  return  (lown  the  Kanasula  Ulver 
we  got  more  pictures  of  moose,  and  found  them 
seemingly  as  undisturbed   as  If  there  were  no 


fires  at  all.  A  lone  fire  ranger  passed  us,  on 
his  way  to  find  out  what  he  could  see  of  the 
fires  so  as  to  report  them.  Up  in  that  vast 
country,  when  a  big  fire  gets  headway,  that 
is  about  all  they  can  do,  and  they  reserve  their 
fire-figliting  forces  to  protecting  cut  pulp  wood, 
mills,  settler  hemes  and  towns. 

"When  we  left  Lake  Abitibi,  on  the  trip 
out,  we  ran  into  fire  on  both  sides  of  the 
Wliitefish  River.  This  fire  had  gotten  out  of 
hand  and  was  threatening  a  sawmill  and  the 
homes  of  some  settlers,  but  it  could  not  get 
much  worse  than  it  was,  for  the  district  had 
been  pretty  well  chopped  over.  Nevertheless, 
it  matlp  a  mighty  hot  fire  in  some  places,  and 
we  had  to  hold  to  the  middle  of  tlie  river  and 
cover  our  faces  with  wet  handkerchiefs. 

"Of  course  this  was  but  one  of  the  experi- 
ences a  motion  jiicture  man  has  to  expect,  and 
in  fact  often  deliberately  undertakes,  in  the 
course  of  his  work.  To  get  good  close-to- 
nature  educational  film  it  is  necessary  to  take 
things  as  they  come.  Plans  must  lie  made 
months  in  advance  and  long  distances  traveled, 
and  when  it  comes  to  the  show-down  men  are 
required  who  have  had  experience  and  will 
stick,  r  am  glad  to  say  we  had  that  kind  in 
our  party,  and  although  the  going  was  rougli 
some  of  the  time,  the  work  hard,  and  the 
weather  abominable,  there  wasn't  a  quitter  in 
tl.e  bunch  and  we  came  back  with  the  goods." 

]>',ducational  films  were  shown  once  a  week 
during  the  past  summer  session  of  the 
I'niverslty  of  Michigan,  at  Ann   Arbor,  Mich. 

9     9 

For  teaching  anatomy  a  British  surgeon  has 
designed  nnotion  picture  films  showing'  the 
operation  of  bones  in  a  human  skeleton  and 
muscular    and    abdominal    reflexes. 

9     9 

The  fish  hatchery  at  Paris,  Mich.,  was 
filmed  recently  and  the  entire  process,  from 
egg  to  grown  trout,  was  embraced  in  the 
pictures. 

9     9 

The  school  auditorium  of  Ardmore,  Okla., 
and  several  other  Oklahoma  schools  have  re- 
cently  installed   motion   picture  equipment. 


SCIIOOIv     A>»     SOCIETY 

With  which  are  ciinsolidated  The  School 
Journal,  cstabliHhed  in  1S74,  and  The 
Ttjailiers'    MuKUziiie,    established     in     1878. 

Kdited   by   J.   McKEEN   CATTELI, 

A    wci'lfly    Journal    covering    the    field    of 

education    in    relation    to    the    problems    of 

American    democracy. 

Published  every   Saturday   by 

THK    SCIKNTK     I'KESS 

$5.00  a  rear  <iilrriNOll,    N.    Y.        15  cents  a  copy 


Mariceiit'H   Handbook  of 
AMERICAN    I'RIVATE    SCHOOLS 

An  Annual  Sur\-ey  and  Review  de8cril)iM(; 
I'KIVATE  SCIIOOI-.S  of  nil  classlfirntiona 
and  SCM.MEU  CAMI'  for  Hoys  and  (iirls. 

A  Compendium   for  Kducators. 

A  <iuide  Hook  for  Parents,  supulyinpr  inti- 
mate Information,  wlilch  malieH  possible  a 
diHcriininatin^  choice. 

Comparative  Tables  liive  the  relative  Cost, 
Size.  Age,  Special  Features,  etc. 

Introductory  Chapters  review  interesting: 
rievelopinents  of  the  year  in  education. 

Kdiicatinn    Servlre  liureau   will    be   f^lnd    to 
advise    and    write    you    intiinntely    nl)out 
an.v    School    or   Cnmp    in    which    yon    are 
interested.      Write   for   full    particnjars. 
CnnHoltatlnn    bv    .Appointment 
7tli    Edition,    mxi    pp.    Kll.mi    I>nHt|iald 
I'lrciilitrs  and  Sample  PaKCN  on  KeiincHl. 
PORTER  E.  SARGENT.  14  Beacon  Si.,  Boston,  Mau. 


WHO'S  WHO  AM)   WHY  IN  EDlC.\TION 

will  answer  more  questions  about  to-day'g 
schools  than  any  other  book  published.  It 
contains  1800  slietches  of  specific  steps  iir- 
every  field  of  education.  Secure  a  cop^, 
for  your  school. 
INSTITUTE  FOR  PUBLIC  SERVICE 
1 1'.J5   Amsterdam   .\ve.  New   Y'ork    City 


CINEMATOGRAPMER. 


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INDUSTRIALS.  EDUCATIONALS   AND    NEW*    ASSIONMEN", 


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or  Institutions 
never  worry  about  their 
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The  Leading  Non-Theatrical 

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THE  NEW  ERA  FILMS 

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We  have  our  own 

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and  fifteen  years'  experience  in  every  phase  of  the 

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To  prove  that  our  pictures  get  distribution,  write  to 
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Street,  New  York  City,  and  ask  them  about  '"THE 
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Universal  Film  Exchanges,  Inc. 

through    the    courtesy    of    its    President,    Carl    Laemmle. 
Produced  for  the  National  Board  of  Fire  Underwriters  by 

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HAVE  YOU  A  FILM  LIBRARY? 

You  can  have  immediate  shipment  on  hundreds  of  single  reel  subjects. 

A    splendid    motion    picture    film    library    for    you    at    minimum    cost. 

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Special    attention    given    to   making   up    of   programs   for 

Schools,  Churches,   Clubs,  etc. 

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special  occasions. 

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Urban 


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INCLUDING: 

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Chats 

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Thomas" 

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•sand  many  other  series. 

All  have  been  compiled  and  edited  by 
Mr.  Urban.  Every  subject  is  prepared 
in  one-reel  lengths.  More  than  300 
reels  are  now  available;  each  week 
marks  the  completion  of  five  new  reels. 


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EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 
MAGAZINE 


The  International  Authority  of  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 


The  ne-w  <BOARD  OF  EDITORS  of 
EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 

DoLPH   Eastman,   Editor-in-Chief 
Mabel  G.  Foster.  Assistant  Editor  Leona  Block,  Industrial  Editor 


J.  W.  Shepherd,  Associate  Professor  of 
Education  and  Director  of  the  Department 
of  Visual  Education,  University  of  Okla- 
homa. Chairman. 

L.  M.  Terman,  Professor  of  Educational  Psy- 
chology, Stanford  University. 

David  Snedden,  Professor  of  Educational 
Sociology  and  Vocational  Education,  Teach- 
ers' College,  Columbia  University. 

V.  A.  C.  Henmon,  Director  School  of  Educa- 
tion and  Professor  of  Education,  University 
of  Wisconsin. 

William  A.  McCall,  Assistant  Professor  of 
Education,  Teachers'  College,  Columbia 
University. 

Miss  Charl  Ormond  Williams,  County  Super- 
intendent, Shelby  County,  Tennessee,  and 
President  of  the  National  Education 
Association. 

Mrs.  Josephine  Corliss  Preston,  State  Su- 
perintendent of  Public  Instruction,  Wash- 
ington. 

Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  Committee,  Community  Ser 
vice  on  Motion  Pictures,  General  Federation  of  ^  omen's  Clubs. 


t  Miss  Mary  E.  Gearing,  Professor  of  Home 
Economics  and  Director  Home  Economics 
Extension,  T "niversity  of  Texas. 

/  William  M.  Gregory,  Curator  of  the  Educa- 
tional Museum  and  Professor  of  Education 
in  the  Cleveland  School  of  Education. 

Carl  C.  Taylor,  Professor  Sociology  and 
Director  Department  of  Rural  Life.  State 
College  of  Agriculture  and  Engineering, 
North  Carolina. 

James  A.  Moyer,  Director  of  University 
Extension,  Massachusetts  Department  of 
Education. 

Dudley  Grant  Hays,  Assistant  Superinten- 
dent of  Schools  and  Director  of  Visual  In- 
struction, Chicago,  HI. 

William  S.  Taylor,  Assistant  Director  of 
Teachers'  Bureau,  Pennsylvania  Depart- 
ment of  Public  Instruction. 


SPECIAL  OFFER:  MagaziiK  and  Catalog,  6  monthi,  $3;  3  monthg,  $1.50.  Send  Trial  Order  NQl 


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E  D  TT  C  A  T  T  O  N  A  T^     FILM     M  A  G  A  Z  T  N  E'  S 

LOOSE -LEAJF   CATALOG 
ANo  INFORIM  Ai:iON  SEIiVICE 

(Copyright  1921  bj'  liducational  Film   Magazine) 

Thousands  of  film  titles  are  being  listed!  Every  film  subject  available  in  the  exchanges  (in- 
cluding narrow  width)  classified  and  described,  giving  number  of  reels,  contents,  nature  of  sub- 
ject, name  of  producer,  exchange,  rental  or  purchase  price  Avhen  possible,  etc.  Complete  lists  of 
all  producers,  distributors,  exchange,  etc.  Full  descriptions  of  all  motion  picture  and  still  picture 
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Published  monthly  by  Kon-Theatrical  Film  Publishers,  Inc.,  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  189   Montague  Street,   Brooklyn,   N.   Y.     (Address  all  communications  to 
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^Advertising  rates  on   application.  Copyright,  1921,  by  Non-Theatrical  Film  Publlabera,  Inc. 


VmI.  VI 


NOVEMBER,  1921 


No.  5 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


INEW  BOARD  OF  EDITORS Front  Cover 

IeDITORIAL  .'. 3 

BIOLOGY    AND    GEOGRAPHY    FILM    LESSONS    IN    NEW 
YORK   SCHOOLS 4 

Uiustratfd 

JSICCESSFUL  EXPERIMENT  WITH  STILL  PICTURES 5 

I        By    H.   O.    Dietrick 

A  PARADISE  FOR  THE  SCREEN  SCIENTIST 6 

JFEDERAL  VOCATIONAL  BOARD  ADOPTS  MOVIES 7 

■SCHOOL  MOVIES  REDUCE  TRUANCY 8 

ATLANTA  SCHOOL  BOARD  VOTES  FILM  FUND 8 

SI  RGEON  SAVES  LIFE  AFTER  SEEING  FILM 9 

N.  Y.  EXCHANGES  DEAL  DIRECT  WITH  EXHIBITORS 9 

STATUS  OF  EDUCATIONAL  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  AMER- 
ICAN PUBLIC  SCHOOLS 10 

Ilfnatrateft 

(THE  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  OVERSEAS 11 


THE  FILM  AS  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  SERMON 13 

REVIEWS  OF  FILMS 14 

By    Mabel    G.    Foster— Illustrated 

INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NEWS 17 

Edited  by  Leona  Block 

SUGGESTED  PROGRAMS  18 

By  Mabel   G.   Foster 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN  20 


Advertisements 


I-oose-Leaf  Catalog.  .Inside  front  cover 

Edited  Pictures  System,  Inc 1 

Oiarles  F.  Herm,  Inc 2 

Fitzpatrick  &  McElroy 18 

Kineto  Co.,  of  America 18 

Kirkman  &  Son 19 

Goff,    Cinematographer 19 


Porter  E.  Sargent 19 

Assoc.  Mfrs.  Safety  Standard 19 

New    Era    Films 19 

Henry   Bollman 20 

M.    H.    Schoenbaum 20 

Eastern  Film  Corp 20 

Eastman  Kodak  Co Back  Cover 


Churches 

Schools 

Entertain- 
ment 

Programs 


REAL  SERVICE  AT  LAST! 

for  Churches,  Schools,  Clubs,  Community  Centers,  Homes,  etc. 

We  are  prepared  to  offer  churches  motion  pictures  from  the  largest  selected  and 
Edited  Film  Library  in  America.  It  will  enable  individual  churches  to  book  pictures 
for  225  consecutive  weeks  if  they  so  desire.  More  than  a  year  has  been  spent  in 
preparing  these  pictures  for  general  church  release. 


Especial  attention  has  been  given  to  the  instructional  films  for  release  from  this  group. 
General  school  requirements  will  be  met  by  these  edited  and  selected  films.  Every 
prominent  branch  of  education  is  included  under  its  proper  classification. 

Entertainment  pictures  suited  for  showing  to  general  youthful  or  mature  audiences  in 
Y.  M.  C.  A.'s,  Y.  W.  C.  A.'s,  community  centers,  clubs,  lodges  and  industrial  plants 
have  been  given  careful  consideration.  Whether  it  is  a  travel,  scenic,  comedy  or  long 
feature,  the  correct  picture  can  always  be  secured  and  our  service  will  always  be 
found  helpful  in  arranging  motion  picture  programs  on  reasonably  early  notice. ' 


When  writing  to  us  it  will  be  mutually  helpful  to  advise  whether  a  Motion  Picture  Projector  is  owned  at 
present  and  type  of  machine,  and  if  not,  whether  you  would  be  interested  in  purchasing  one.  Also  state 
if  you  are  interested  in  Booking  a  Trial  Program  to  convince  yourself  of  the  Service  we  render. 

EDITED  PICTURES  SYSTEM,  Inc. 


71  WEST  23rd  STREET 


NEW  YORK  CITY 


Tell  the  advertiter  you  read  his  ad  in  Educational  Film  Magazine— it  means  better  tervice  for  you 

1 


H 


of  Scientific   Motion  Pictures 
and  Life  Extension  Films 


Mr.  Charles  F.  Herm  who  has  devoted  so  many  years  to  the  development 
of  motion  pictures  for  use  in  visual  education  announces  the  completion 
of  a  new  series  of  educational  films. 

These  films  are  specially  constructed  for  educational  purposes  and  have  received  the  endorse- 
ment of  leading  educators  and  exponents  of  visual  education  throughout  this  country 
and  Europe.  At  all  times  have  the  factors  necessary  to  successful  visual  education  been 
carried  in  the  minds  of  the  producers  and  these  elements  are  also  embraced  in  the  editing, 
titling  and  general   preparation  of  each  individual  subject. 


The  series  includes  the  following  subjects: 


1.  A  fascinating  film  story  of  the  birth  and 
life  history  of  Robin  Red  Breast. 

2.  The  incubator  mother  and  her  brood — 
the  development  of  the  chick  embryo. 

3.  A  modern  fish  hatchery — the   develop- 
ment of  the  yellow  perch  in  hen's  eggs. 

4.  The  marvels  of  crystallization,  the  for- 
mation of  various  crystals. 

5.  The  function  of  the  heart. 


6.  The  course  of  blood  through  heart  and 
body. 

7.  A  microscopical  view  of  the  circulation 
of  the  blood. 

8.  The  blood  and  its  ingredients. 

9.  Dangjers  that  threaten  the  heart. 

10.  Eye  sight  the  master  sense. 

11.  Optical  principles  in  vision. 

12.  The  optical  defects  of  the  eye. 


We  are  offering  these  films  for  educational  and  non-theatrical  purposes  at 
6V2  cents  per  foot,  or  a  rental  fee  of  $2.50  per  reel  per  exhibition,  plus  ex- 
pressage. 

For  prompt  service  and  complete  details 
communicate  with 


Charles  F.  Herm,  Inc. 


Caniller  Building 
Snite  1603 


220  West  42nd  St.,  N.  Y. 


Teli  tht  advertiter  you  rtad  kii  ad  in  Educational  Film  Mauaxini 

2 


-it  meatit  heller  terviee  for  you 


Established  January,  1919 


>e^W 


•'> 


COVERINO  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS: 


Agricultur* 

Biography 

Civics  and   Oovemment 


Community 
Current  Events 
Cultural 


Geography 

History 

Home  Economics 


Drama 


Fine  Arts 


Health   and  Sanitation     Pedagogy 
Industry  Recreational 

Juvenile  Religion 


Published  Monthly        DOLPH    EASTMAN,  £'f/i7or-{n-C*te/ 


Literature  Natural  History 

MABEL  G.  FOSTER,  Assistant  Editor 


Scenic 
Science 
Sociology 
Technical 


Travel 

Welfare 

Women 


Topical 
LEONA   BLOCK,  Industrial  Editor 


Vol.  VI 


NOVEMBER,  1921 


No.  5 


OUR  BOARD  OF   EDITORS 


THIS  issue  of  Educational  Film  Magazine  makes 
good  the  promise  of  last  spring  when  we  first  an- 
nounced the  preliminary  steps  toward  the  organiza- 
tion of  a  Board  of  Editors  whose  personnel  was  to 
embrace  representative  men  and  women  throughout  the 
United  States,  each  a  recognized  national  authority  in  the 
educational  division  represented  on  the  board.  The 
names  and  official  titles  of  the  members  of  the  board,  still 
incomplete,  are  announced  on  the  front  cover  and  will  be 
published  from  month  to  month  on  our  editorial  page. 

May  we  not  ask  our  readers  whether  the  personnel  of 
this  editorial  board  is  an  earnest  of  our  desire  ably 
and  worthily  to  represent  the  most  profound  thought,  the 
most  constructive  and  advanced  ideas,  and  the  broadest 
possible  outlook  in  visual  education?  While  these  dis- 
tinguished men  and  women,  some  of  them  occupying  high 
educational  places  in  the  nation's  life,  are  not  themselves 
specialists  in  this  particular  branch  they  are  more  than 
mere  practitioners — they  are  serious  students  of  visual- 
ized methods  in  education,  which  is  a  far  more  important 
matter.  They  are  scholars,  leaders  in  their  chosen  pro- 
fession, who  are  devoting  their  energies  and  their  great 
talents  towards  helping  to  solve  the  problems  of  visualiza- 
tion which  face  us  in  the  school,  the  college,  the  university, 
the  church,  the  Sunday  school,  the  community  center,  the 
welfare  organization,  the  industrial  plant,  the  club,  the 
lodge,  the  grange,  the  local  institution  whatever  its  nature. 
When  intellectuals  of  their  achievement  and  reputation 
(  ome  together  seriously  in  an  editorial  group  of  this  charac- 
ter, to  place  all  of  their  mental  possessions  without  reserve 
at  the  command  of  a  publication  and  its  readers,  we  may 
truthfully  say  that  we  are  honored  and  hope  in  turn  to 
honor  those  who  have  thus  bestowed  upon  us  tlieir  faith 
in  our  principles  and  their  confidence  that  Educational 
Film  Magazine  offers  assurance  of  the  continuance  and 
larger  development  of  those  standards  of  policy  and  prac- 


tice to  which  educators  and  other  serious  workers  in  the 
field  may  conscientiously  subscribe. 

How  can  we  honor  them  more  truly  than  by  offering  the 
freedom  of  our  text  pages  to  the  members  of  this  Board  of 
Editors  and  by  saying  to  them:  "Gentlemen,  for  nearly 
three  years  the  founder  of  this  magazine  has  striven  to  lay 
the  foundations  for  the  future  deep  and  solid  and  secure. 
Upon  these  foundations  may  you  build  the  superstructure 
of  visual  education  so  that  it  will  stand  for  all  time  as  an 
intellectual,  physical,  moral,  and  social  beacon  and  haven 
for  humanity." 

From  now  on,  therefore,  while  the  founder  will  remain 
as  editor-in-chief  of  the  magazine  and  will  continue  his 
personal  editorial  supervision  as  formerly,  the  policy  and 
standards  in  general  if  not  in  particular  will  be  under  the 
safe  guiding  hands  of  our  new  editorial  board.  There 
will  be  vigorous  and  vital  editorials  signed  in  each  instance 
by  the  writer  of  the  editorial,  and  there  will  be  numerous 
and  notable  contributions  not  only  from  the  pens  of  board 
members  but  from  many  of  their  contemporaries  in  the 
various  professions  interested  in  or  working  with  visual 
education  in  some  or  all  of  its  phases.  The  editor-in-chief 
will  in  future  sign  his  editorials  where  hitherto  they  have 
been  anonymous,  to  avoid  any  possible  confusion  with  the 
editorial  expressions  of  board  members  or  others.  In 
reality  there  will  be  no  change  of  policy,  principle,  or 
purpose;  there  will  simply  be  an  enlargement  or  develop- 
ment of  our  original  standards  which  are  deemed  funda- 
mentally sound  and  which  from  the  inception  of  our  plan 
were  visioned  upon  a  worldwide  application  of  the  motion 
picture  to  all  serious  needs  and  problems  of  mankind, 
educational  and  otherwise. 

DoLPH  Eastman. 


BIOLOGY  AND  GEOGRAPHY  FILM  LESSONS  IN  NEW  YORK  SCHOOLS 

Twenty  Class  Periods  of  Forty  Minutes  Each  For 
Each  Course — Suggestions  to  Teachers  on 
the  Use  of  Motion  Pictures 


THE  following  program  of  lessons  in  biology  and  geography, 
for  which  motion  pictures  are  available,  is  being  carried  out 
in  a  number  of  New  York  City  public  schools,  under  the 
direction  of  the  Department  of  Lectures  and  Visual  Instruc- 
tion. It  is  not  practicable  at  this  time  to  state  the  names  of  the 
producers  of  the  films  listed,  but  any  desired  information  concern- 
ing these  pictures  may  be  obtained  from  the  distributors,  the  Argo- 
naut Distributing  Corporation,  71  West  23rd  street.  New  York: 

Biology  Fuji  Lessons 
(Ninth  School  Year— B.lOO) 

Note:  Where  two  reels  are  indicated  it  means  a  full  class  period  of 
forty  minutes;  by  having  class  assembled  and  ready  very  promptly,  three 
reels  may  be  shown. 

Interdependence  and  Shelter  among  Living  Things  (2  reels)  ;  Adapta- 
tion (2  reels) ;  Life  History  of  Insects  (2  reels) ;  Study  of  Bees  (2 
reels) ;  Insects  Harmful  to  Man  (2  reels) ;  Marine  Life  (2  reels)  ;  Birds 
and  Their  Young  (2  reels)  ;  Reproduction  I.  (2  reels) ;  Reproduction  II 
(2  reels) ;  Structure  and  Hygiene  of  the  Eye  (2  reels) ;  Structure  of  the 
Ear  and  Speech  Organs  (2  reels) ;  Care  of" the  Feet  (2  reels) ;  Oral  Hy- 
giene (1  reel) ;  Blood  Circulation  I.  (2  reels) ;  Blood  Circulation  11.  (2 
reels)  ;  Conservation  I. — Animal  Conservation  (2  reels) ;  Conservation  II. 
— Forest  Conservation  (2  reels) ;  Great  Scientists  (3  reels) ;  Civic 
Biology  I.  (3  reels) ;  Civic  Biology  II.  (2  reels).  Option:;!:  The  Work  of 
the  Lungs  (1  reel);  Social  Hygiene  (.5  reels);  Reproduction  from 
Amoeba  through  Human  (i  reels);  Home  Gardens  (1  reel);  Insects 
Harmful  to   Plants   (1   reel). 

U.  S.  Geoobaphy  Film  Lessoxs 

(Seventh  School  Year^G.lOO) 

Note:  Where  two  reels  are  indicated  it  means  a  fidl  class  period  of 
forty  muiutes;  by  having  class  assembled  and  ready  very  promptly,  three 
reels  may  be  shown. 

New  York  City  (2  reels)  ;  Niagara  (2  reels)  ;  Book  and  Shoe  Industries 
(2  reels) ;  Lumber  (3  reels) ;  Water  Transportation  (2  reels) ;  Milk  and 
Sugar  Industries  (2  reels) ;  The  Southern  States  (2  reels) ;  Cotton  Indus- 
try (2  reels) ;  Land  Transportation  (3  reels)  ;  Irrigation  (2  reels) ;  Pot- 
tery Industry  (2  reels) ;  National  Parks  I.  (2  reels) ;  National  Parks  II. 
(2  reels);  Colorado  (2  reels);  Indian  Weaving  and  the  Woolon  Industry 
(2  reels);  Wheat 
Harvest  and  Bread  , 
Making  (2  reels) ; 
The  Great  North- 
west (2  reels) ;  Cali- 
fornia (2  reels); 
Orange  Growing 
(3  reels) ;  Extra-ter- 
ritorial Posessions  of 
the  United  States  (3 
reels). 

Suggestions  to 
Teachers  Using 
Motion  Pictures 

The  underlying 
thought  in  select- 
ing the  films  in 
this  course  has 
been  to  find  mate- 
rial which  shall 
actually  prove  a 
teaching  medium. 
They  are  planned 
to  be  definitely 
correlated  to  top- 
ics taught  in  ninth 
year  biology  and 
are    intended    to 


'pyi'E  of  bloloKy  pictured  wlilcli  are 
c'lasHnMHii  iii.Htructiun. 


form  a  recognized  part  of  the  instrucaon  at  this  point  in  the  curri^* 
culum.  The  ideal  usage  perhaps  would  be  to  have  them  screened  in] 
the  class-room  during  a  recitation  period.  This  is  not  gene 
praciicable  at  present.  The  next  best  procedure  then  is  to  assemble 
the  pupils  of  the  9.h  year  and  have  them  all  see  the  film  at  the 
same  time.  Pupils  of  other  grades  should  not  be  present  if  this  is 
avoidable.  The  showing  of  the  films  should  not  be  a  novelty,  an 
unusual  diversion  but  one  step  in  an  orderly  process  of  instruction, 
planned  to  teach  the  children  some  concrete,  definite  topic  in  the 
course  of  study. 

In  order  to  accomplish  this,  the  work  in  films,  and  in  visual 
instruction  generally,  must  be  as  carefully  planned  as  any  other 
lessons.  The  main  points  covered  by  the  film  should  be  brought 
out  in  previous  class-room  discussion  and  brought  home  by  class- 
room work,  both  oral  and  written,  following  the  showing.  The 
teacher's  part  in  this  preparation  necessitates  first  of  all  the 
greatest  possible  familiarity  with  the  detailed  subject  matter  of 
the  film.  Pre-viewing  is  the  best  means  of  acquiring  this  famil- 
iarity. Since,  however,  this  is  not  always  possible  to  arrange, 
the  attached  title-sheets  are  sent  as  a  substitute.  They  show  the 
wording  as  it  actually  appears  on  the  film,  and  should  give  a 
reasonably  adequate  idea  of  its  purpose  and  content.  Considered 
all  together,  they  may  be  treated  as  a  sort  of  term-plan  in  visual 
instruction. 

There  should  be  no  talking  while  the  film  is  going  on,  as  the 
necessity  for  auditory  attention  is  an  unnecessary  distraction. 
On  the  contrary,  it  is  better  pedagogy  to  run  the  film  twice  if  the 
time  permits.  In  this  way,  the  sensory  impression  is  deepened 
and  the  children  derive  greater  benefit.  For  similar  reasons,  and 
to  increase  memory  training,  the  taking  of  notes  during  the 
film  should  If  d  ocouraged. 

Questions 

Should   Follow 

Film  Showing 

It  is  well  to  fol- 
low the  showing  of 
ihe  film  by  ques- 
tions either  in  the 
auditorium  or  in 
the  following  reci- 
tation, preferably 
both.  Never  should 
there  be  lecturing 
with  the  film  or 
following  it. 
"Telling  is  not 
t  e  a  c  h  i  n  g."  As 
much  of  the  dis- 
cussion as  possible 
should  be  handled 
by  the  children 
themselves.  Ques- 
tions should  be  so 
framed  that  they 
elicit  the  child's 
o  w  n    impressions 


l)cinK  used  in  the  New  Vork  City  public  h-IiihiIs  to  correliite 
Tliexe  four  "stills"  are  reprmluced  froui  a  ttlin  on  the  bumble  bee. 


with 


I 


regarding  various  points  in  the  film,  thus  provoking  and 
stimulating  the  habit  of  correct  and  accurate  observation.  They 
should  require  thought  on  the  part  of  the  student,  and  should 
train  his  memory,  requiring  him  to  recall  what  he  has  seen.  Above 
all,  they  should  be  specific.  Avoid  such  generalities  as  "What 
did  you  see  in  the  film?"  "What  was  the  film  about?"  "Tell 
about  the  eye,"  etc.  Such  a  question  on  the  other  hand  as  "What 
parts  of  the  eye  did  we  seen  on  the  film?"  "What  part  corresponds 
to  the  lens  of  a  camera?"  "Why?"  "What  stages  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  silk-worm  did  we  see?  "How  are  forest  fires  detect- 
ed?", cover  definite  points  in  each  film  and  will  train  children  to 
<lo  their  own  thinking.  These  are  merely  illustrative  suggestions, 
eye  did  we  see  on  the  film?"  "What  part  corresponds  to  the 
lens  of  a  camera?"  "Why?"  "What  stages  in  the  development 
of  the  silk-worm  did  we  see?"  "How  are  forest  fires  delected?", 
(Over  definite  points  in  each  film  and  will  train  children  to  do 
their  own  thinking.  These  are  merely  illustrative  suggestions. 
Every  teacher  will  devise  his  own  questions  £is  occasion  requires. 

In  order  further  to  correlate  visual  instruction  with  other  teach- 
ing, wherever  practicable  films  should  be  preceded  by  lantern 
slides  showing  the  high  points  of  the  film.  Sets  of  lantern 
slides  have  been  selected  to  accompany  the  films.  You  may 
select  your  own  sets  for  the  lessons,  by  borrowing  them  from 
our  own  Museum  of  Natural  History  or  the  New  York  State  De- 
partment of  Visual  Instruction,  at  Albany,  or  by  purchase.  The 
Lecture  Bureau  will  be  glad  to  cooperate  with  teachers  in  build- 
ing up  sets  to  accompany  other  films.  Each  of  these  should  be 
discussed  by  members  of  the  class,  guided  by  the  teacher's  ques- 
tions. Where  feasible,  this  may  be  made  an  exercise  in  oral  com- 
position. 

The  lantern  slides  should  also  be  used  in  the  "follow-up"  les- 
sons as  a  review  of  the  film.  During  this  phase  of  the  work,  the 
amount  of  explanation  by  the  teacher  may  well  be  reduced  to  a 
minimum,  and  the  socialized  recitation  may  be  advantageously 
used,  a  bright  pupil  acting  as  chairman  and  "conducting"  the 
lesson. 

Written  Composition  the  Final  Step 

After  the  ground  has  thus  been  thoroughly  gone  over,  the  final 
step  is  written  composition.  By  this  means  the  pedagogical 
value  of  the  film  is  crystallized,  and  becomes  the  child's  perma- 
nent possession. 

These  thoughts  are  the  results  of  a  year's  experience  in  the 
use  of  films  in  the  schools  of  New  York.  They  are  set  down 
here  in  the  hope  that  they  may  serve  to  point  the  way  to  other 
observations.  Method  in  visual  instruction  is  so  new  a  thing 
that  all  who  are  engaged  in  this  field  are  eagerly  watchful  to 
learn  how  others  are  finding  ways  and  means  to  derive  the  great- 
est educational  value  from  this  new  tool  which  science  has  put 
into  the  teacher's  hands. 

It  is  our  hope  that  these  hints  may  prove  suggestive  and  not 
unhelpful  and  that  they  will  be  received  in  the  spirit  of  coopera- 
tion in  which  they  are  intended. 

UNIVERSITY  OF  KANSAS  FILM  SERVICE 

"1%/TOTION  picture  films  which  are  "definitely  correlated  with 

the  course  of  study  and  are  pedagogically  sound  and  au- 
thoritative" will  be  furnished  to  schools  of  Kansas  by  the  exten- 
sion division  of  the  University  of  Kansas,  according  to  an 
announcement  which  describes  the  film  and  lantern  slide  service 
offered.  The  subjects  included  in  this  series  of  specially  pre- 
pared films  include  early  United  States  history,  economic  history 
of  the  United  States,  civics,  physical  geography,  regional  geog- 
raphy, nature  study,  and  hygiene  and  sanitation. 


SUCCESSFUL   EXPERIMENT   WITH   STILL   PICTURES 

Visual  Groups   Excel   Non-Visual   by   30   Points  in   Geography,  27 
Points  in  History  and  English— Retardation  Falls  to  19  Per  Cent 

By  H.  0.  DiETRICK 

Superintendent  of  Schools,  Kane.  Pa. 

A  FEW  years  ago  a  child  entered  one  of  our  first  grades  who 
showed  an  exceptional  knowledge  of  physical  objects.  Not ' 
only  did  she  seem  to  be  able  to  interpret  the  immediate 
world  about  her,  but  her  knowledge  was  general  regardless  of 
locality.  So  one  day  we  said,  "Miriam,  how  have  you  come  to 
understand  so  many  things  which  you  have  not  yet  seen?"  She 
replied,  "Oh,  yes,  but  I  have  seen  these  things  which  I  am  able  to 
tell  you  about."  When  questioned  further  it  was  found  that  she 
had  seen  these  things  in  a  book  at  her  house,  as  she  said.  We 
found  that  this  book  presented  scores  of  photographs  in  connec- 
tion with  the  description  of  things.  In  short,  we  discovered  that 
the  book  was  one  which  used  the  visualization  method  of  instruc- 
tion. 

This  incident  prompted  me  to  make  an  experiment  with  visual 
instruction.  We  had  then  two  Keystone  "600"  Sets,  slides  and 
stereographs,  in  our  system.  About  three  hundred  children  were 
instructed  in  geography  with  the  text  and  also  by  putting  the 
stereograph  into  daily  use.  Frequent  reviews  were  given  through 
the  slides.  At  the  end  of  one  year's  visual  instruction,  the  three 
hundred  children  were  given  a  standard  test  in  geography.  The 
Boston  Tests  were  used.  These  children  made  an  average  score 
of  64  points.  At  the  same  time  the  same  test  was  administered  to 
about  three  hundred  children  of  like  age  and  temperament  who 
had  never  been  instructed  by  the  visual  method.  These  children 
made  an  average  score  of  34  points.  The  following  year,  after  a 
change  was  made  to  visual  instruction,  their  score  averaged  67 
points.  The  group  using  visual  instruction  excelled  the  other 
group  by  about  30  points. 

The  following  year  the  same  experiments  were  conducted  in 
history  and  English,  one  group  being  instructed  by  visual  methods, 
the  other  using  the  text  only.  The  test  used  in  history  was  Har- 
lan's. Here  again  the  average  of  the  visual  group  excelled  the 
non-visual  group  by  about  27  points.  The  visual  group,  by  the 
way,  ranked  second  in  the  state  on  the  test. 

The  same  kind  of  experiment  was  used  in  English.  The  Thorn- 
dike  Scale  for  the  Understanding  of  Sentences  and  the  Starch 
Scale  for  Vocabulary  were  used.  The  visual  group  excelled  the 
non-visual  by  22  points. 

In  1917  the  retardation  of  our  system  was  56.5  per  cent.  After 
two  years  of  visual  instruction  we  found  that  the  percentage  was 
reduced  to  37  per  cent,  and  now,  since  the  system  is  on  full  time, 
visual  instruction  retardation  has  fallen  to  19  per  cent.  This 
means,  in  the  district's  money  alone,  $5200.00  per  year,  to  say 
nothing  of  the  child  life  saved. 

VISUAL  INSTRUCTION  COURSE  AT  CITY  COLLEGE 

/~\WING  to  the  widespread  and  increasing  interest  in  the  sub- 
^-^  ject  of  visual  instruction,  the  College  of  the  City  of  New 
York,  in  conjunction  with  the  New  York  City  board  of  education 
lecture  bureau,  decided  to  open  a  course  in  visual  instruction. 
The  course  will  be  conducted  by  Ernest  L.  Crandall,  director 
of  lectures  and  visual  instruction  of  the  board  of  education.  It 
is  a  thirty-hour  course  and  the  class  meets  on  Saturday  fore- 
noons from  11:30  to  12:30  o'clock,  in  room  126  of  the  main 
building  of  City  College.  Regbtration  took  place  the  first 
three  weeks  in  October. 


A  PARADISE  FOR  THE  SCREEN  SCIENTIST 


The  Research  Institute  for  Cinema  Biology,  at  Pelham,  N.  Y.,  to 

Be  the  Most  Completely  Equipped  Studio  and  Laboratory  of 

Its  Kind  in  the  World,  Where  Educators  Will  Be  Invited 

to  Work   Out  Their   Motion  Picture   Problems 


THE  dream  of  the  screen  scientist  is  about  to  be  realized  in 
the  founding  of  a  remarkable  pedagogical  institution  at 
Pelham,  N.  Y.,  which  is  to  be  chartered  by  the  state 
under  the  significant  name  of  Research  Institute  for  Cinema 
Biology.  A  far-seeing  group  of  educators  and  scientific  film 
producers,  realizing  that  the  time  has  arrived  to  offer  to  educa- 
tional institutions  throughout  the  country  research  and  pro- 
duction facilities  of  which  they  are  sorely  in  need,  have 
established  ihis  institute  within  twenty-five  minutes'  train  ride 
of  Grand  Central  Station,  New  York  City,  and  the  main  building 
is  now  in  course  of  construction.  A  photograph  of  the  interior 
showing  some  of  the  equipment  will  be  published  in  a  forthcom- 
ing issue  of  this  magazine. 

Scientists  to  Supervise  Their  Own  Subjects 
The  Research  Institute  for  Cinema  Biology  will  inaugurate  an 
entirely  new  era  in  the  history  of  scientific  cinematography.  One 
of  the  chief  aims  of  the  promoters  is  to  interest  leading  educa- 
tional institutions  and  various  kinds  of  organizations,  social  and 
industrial,  in  the  production  and  proprietary  control  of  their 
own  negatives.  Subjects  which  a  university  or  other  organization 
desires  to  record  on  film  will  be  selected  by  its  own  scientist  who 
is  a  specialist  in  that  branch  to  be  covered  by  the  pictures,  with 
a  view  to  the  film's  use  in  the  classroom  to  illustrate  lectures  and 
to  bring  to  the  student  visually  all  that  is  possible  by  means  of 
cinema-biology.  The  scientist  will  visit  the  institute  in  person, 
have  full  access  to  all  of  its  studio  and  laboratory  apparatus, 
will  prepare  his  own  scenarios  in  collaboration  with  the  director 
and  assistants  of  the  institute,  and  will  have  close  personal  super- 
vision of  the  entire  work  including  animated  drawings,  titles,  cut- 
ting, assembling,  and  making  of  prints. 

A  talk  with  the  director  of  the  institute,  Charles  F.  Herm, 
formerly  assistant  curator  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural 
History,  New  York  City,  and  one  of  the  world's  ablest  cinema 
biologists,  brought  out  some  further  facts  which  will  interest 
every  scientist  and  educator  who  is  looking  to  the  film  to  help 
solve  many  of  his  pedagogical  and  experimental  problems.  Mr. 
Herm  said: 

Syndicate  of  Universities  to  Produce  Films 
"The  best  results,  from  an  economical  as  well  as  pedagogical 
standpoint,  can  be  obtained  only  when  close  cooperation  among 
various  educational  institutions  is  established.  To  bring  this  about 
we  propose  to  form  a  syndicate  of  such  institutions  each  of 
which  will  agree  to  contribute  a  stated  sum  towards  a  joint  pro- 
duction of  negatives,  so  that  only  one  negative  is  produced  of 
each  subject.  This  negative  will  then  become  the  joint  property 
of  the  syndicate,  entitling  each  contributing  institution  to  ob;ain 
as  many  positive  prints  of  the  subject  as  it  may  desire,  at  actual 
cost. 

"For  the  consummation  of  the  aims  of  the  institute  and  that  it 
may  merit  the  support  and  official  recognition  of  leading  insti- 
tutions and  organizations,  scientists  in  all  branches  of  biology 
will  have  an  opportunity  to  work  out  their  own  special  subjects 
and  direct  film  production  in  all  of  its  operations,  with  the  same 
freedom  as  if  working  in  their  own  laboratories,  in  the  com- 
pletely equipped  studio  and  laboratory  of  the  Research  Institute 


for  Cinema  Biology.  The  institute  will  provide  expert  supervision 
practical  suggestion,  and  technical  assistance.    The  result  must  h 
biological  film  such  as  has  never  yet  been  produced,  invaluable 
to  school  and  college  curricula  and  thoroughly  adapted  to  th 
needs  of  teachers  and  students." 

Most  Complete  Cinematographic  Equipment 

The  grounds  of  the  institute  are  within  two  blocks  of  the  West- 
chester and  the  New  Haven  railroads  at  Pelham.  Its  equipment 
is  the  latest  and  most  complete  which  human  ingenuity  can  pro- 
vide. 

In  the  conservatory  the  botanist  can  conduct  his  plant  experi- 
ments and  will  have  at  his  command  motion  picture  apparatus 
which  will  record  automatically  the  growth  and  behavior  of 
plants  at  any  interval  desired.  These  pictures  can  be  made  in 
black  and  white  or  in  natural  colors.  Physiologists  will  be 
offered  the  use  of  the  laboratory  of  experimental  biology,  fully 
equipped  for  cinematographic  work.  Zoologist  and  invertebrate 
zoologist  will  find  here  unique  micro-cinematographic  apparatus, 
some  of  it  manufactured  especially  for  the  institute,  for  filming 
the  minutest  characteristics  of  the  invisible  world.  Embryologist 
and  those  interested  in  animated  technical  drawings  will  find  up 
to-date  appliances  for  doing  stop  motion  or  slow  motion  work 
and  trick  films.  An  animal  husbandry  and  aquarium  will  be 
provided,  so  that  abundant  material  for  investigation  and  experi- 
ment will  always  be  available. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  KANSAS   FILM   SERVICE 

1\/T0TI0N  picture  films  which  are  "definitely  correlated  with 
the  course  of  study  and  are  pedagogically  sound  and  au- 
thoritative" will  be  furnished  to  the  schools  of  Kansas  by  the 
extension  division  of  the  University  of  Kansas,  according  to  an 
announcement  which  describes  the  film  and  lantern  slide  service 
offered.  The  subjects  included  in  this  series  of  specially  pre- 
pared films  include  early  United  States  history,  economic  history 
of  the  United  States,  civics,  physical  geography,  regional  geogra- 
phy, nature  study,  and  hygiene  and  sanitation. 


A 


REEDER  LECTURES  ON  VISUAL  EDUCATION 


COURSE  of  three  lectures  on  the  suliject  of  visual  education  was 
■^  {tivcn  at  the  summer  session  of  the  Detroit  Teachers'  College  by 
Edwin  H.  Reeder,  supervisor  of  visual  education  in  tlie  public  schools  of 
Detroit.  The  first  dealt  with  tlie  value  of  visual  aids  in  education 
as  su])])lyinjr  the  need  for  jTvcatcr  concrcteness  in  scliool  subject  matter. 
A  biblioffrapliy  on  this  subject  was  presented  at  the  same  time. 

The  second  lecture  di.scusscd  ])racticHl  schoolroom  nu-thods  of  usinj^ 
films,  slides,  and  stereographs.  The  place  of  eacli  in  a  well-rounded  pro- 
gram of  visual  c(liicati(m  was  pointed  out,  and  the  lecture  was  illustrated 
by  l)oth  films  and  slides. 

The  tliird  lecture  took  up  the  question  of  the  attendance  of  children 
at  motion  jjieture  theaters.  Statistics  were  presented  showing  tlie  tre- 
mendous amount  of  .>;uch  attendance,  and  the  dangers  arising  from  the 
situalioM  wvrv  |)(>iiited  out.  Some  solutions  of  the  problem  were  presented 
including  the  wider  use  of  schools  and  churches  for  non-theatrical  film 
entertainments. 

"THE  WINNERS  OF  THE  WEST,"  HISTORIC  SERIAL 

TTNIVERSAIy  Film  Manufacturing  Company  luis  attempted  some- 
'-^  thing  unusual  and  fhie  in  the  new  .serial  of  18  episodes  called  "The 
Winners  of  the  West."  It  abounds  in  action  and  follows  authentic  his- 
torical facts  in  depicting  the  exp<'dition  of  Captain  John  C.  Fremont. 
Characters  like  Kit  Carson  arc  introduced  as  the  expedition  moves 
from  MisKcmri  through  the  sotithwestern  states  to  Sutter's  Creek  in 
California. 


6 


FEDERAL  VOCATIONAL  BOARD  ADOPTS  MOVIES 

f  I  ■'0  cut  down  the  time  required  to  re-educate  disabled  soldiers 
in  profitable  trades,  the  Federal  Board  for  Vocational  Edu- 
cation has  arranged  with  the  Society  for  Visual  Education  to 
produce  a  series  of  reels  on  civics,  agriculture  and  the  mechanical 
arts,  to  be  used  by  government  vocational  schools  throughout  the 
country.  Already  completed  and  placed  in  service  are  a  seven- 
reel  film  on  the  engine  lathe,  six  reels  on  dairy  cattle  and  dairy 
management,  and  four  reels  on  bee  culture. 

"The  Federal  Board  for  Vocational  Training  is  charged  with 
the  definite  responsibility  of  preparing  America's  handicapped 
ex-service  men  for  new  vocations  which  will  make  them  not  only 
self-supporting,  but  distinct  assets  to  their  communities,"  says 
Calvin  F.  Mcintosh,  a  member  of  the  board. 

"Knowing  how  the  use  of  school  films  on  geography,  history, 
and  similar  classroom  subjects  speeds  up. the  learning  process,  the 
board  decided  that  what  the  educational  movie  is  doing  for  the 
schoolboy  it  must  also  be  made  to  do  for  the  disabled  soldier.  He 
is  up  against  the  problem  of  mastering  a  new  trade,  and  in  his 
case  time-economy  is  a  far  more  important  matter  than  with  the 
boy  or  girl  at  school. 

"There  being  no  films  in  existence  such  as  we  require,  the 
board  has  proceeded,  with  the  cooperation  of  the  society,  to  pro- 
duce its  own  vocational  film  library.  Reels  on  bee  culture  and 
dairy  management,  already  developed,  illustrate  the  remarkable 
possibilities  of  the  screen  way  of  teaching.  Used  both  for  prep- 
aration and  review  in  connection  with  the  regular  field  instruc- 
tion, these  films  will  materially  shorten  the  time  required.  Agri- 
cultural schools  generally  can  profitably  coordinate  these  motion 
pictures  with  their  present  course  of  study." 

While  made  primarily  for  use  in  Federal  Vocational  schools, 
the  pictures  are  available  to  all  public  schools  and  private  insti- 
tutions giving  industrial  courses,  as  well  as  to  factories  and 
.  shops  conducting  vocational  classes  for  employees. 

PAN-PACIFIC  CONFERENCE  URGES  RACIAL  FILMS 

A  T  the  recent  Pan-Pacific  Educational  Conference  held  in 
Honolulu  a  resolution  was  passed  urging  "that  the  govern- 
ments of  Pacific  nations  should  institute  an  efficient  censorship  of 
motion  pictures  under  the  direction  of  educators,  and  that  the 
governments  should  be  asked  to  promote  the  production  of  educa- 
tional films  showing  the  resources,  industries,  and  general  social 
conditions  of  their  respective  countries." 

It  was  the  thought  of  the  200  delegates  from  all  Pacific  lands, 
presided  over  by  Dr.  David  Starr  Jordan,  chancellor  emeritus  of 
Leland  Stanford  University,  that  the  film  was  one  of  the  most 
important  educational  agencies  which  might  be  employed  to 
eliminate  racial  prejudice  and  promote  a  better  understanding 
among  the  peoples  living  along  the  shores  of  the  Pacific  ocean. 

VISUAL   EDUCATION    AT  MISSOURI   TEACHERS'   MEETING 

'T'HUKSDAY,  November  3,  from  2  to  a  P.  M.,  was  given  over  to  a 
visual  eflucation  projrram  ciuring  the  meeting  of  the  Missouri  State 
Teachers'  Association.     The  program  follows: 

2:00-2:30,  "What  is  Visual  Instruction  and  its  Outlook?"  Prof.  J.  V. 
Ankeney,  University  of  Missouri;  2:30-2:45,  "Visual  Education  in  the 
St.  Ijouis  Schools,"  Assistant  Superintendent  C.  G.  Rathman,  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;  2:45-3:00,  "Visual  Education  in  the  Kansas  City  Schools,"  Rupert 
Peters,  Sup't  Visual  Education;  3:00-3:15,  Discussion  of  above  addresses. 
Five  Minute  Talks — "Visual  Education  in  a  Town  High  School,"  Sup't 
W.  F.  Knox;  "How  We  Secured  Our  Equipment,"  Sup't  D.  W.  Hranani, 
.■  O.  T.  Coleman,  R.  V.  Cramer;  "Visual  Education  Service  from  the  State 
University,"  Prof.  C.  H.  Williams.  General  Discussion — Demonstration, 
Visual  Aids;  Visit  Exhibit  of  Visual  Aids. 


A 


BIOLOGY  FILM  EXHIBITION  AT  MUSEUM 

special  exhibition  of  and  lecture  on  biology  films  was 
given  recently  at  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  His- 
tory, New  York  City,  by  the  producers,  Charles  F.  Herm, 
Inc.,  in  cooperation  with  the  New  York  Association  of  Biology 
Teachers.  Brief  talks  on  the  value  of  motion  pictures  in  educa- 
tion, especially  scientific  and  biological  films,  were  given  by 
Ernest  L.  Crandall,  director  of  visual  instruction  of  the  New  York 
public  schools,  and  Dr.  Maximilian  P.  E.  Groszmann,  educational 
director  of  the  producing  company.    The  films  screened  were: 

Eyesight  the  Master  Sense,  one  reel,  showing  optical  principles; 
Master  Robin  Hood,  the  life  history  of  Robin  Redbreast,  two 
reels  (reviewed  in  this  issue) ;  The  Heart,  Our  Living  Pump,  one 
reel,  showing  the  course  of  the  blood  through  heart  and  body; 
The  Marvels  of  Crystallization,  disclosing  the  formation  of  va- 
rious crystals,  one  reel. 

"The  motion  picture  in  the  schools,  so  far  as  the  city  of  New 
York  is  concerned,  has  arrived  and  is  here  to  stay,"  declared 
Mr.  Crandall.  "In  all  of  the  schools  which  used  films  lasV 
year  students,  teachers,  and  principals  are  united  in  asking  for 
them  again  this  year.  These  schools  report  a  higher  success 
quotient  in  those  classes  which  used  the  motion  picture  last 
term  than  by  any  other  method." 

A  word  of  caution  was  necessary,  however,  he  added.  Teach- 
ers should  use  films  only  when  they  proved  the  best  means 
of  instruction.  The  motion  picture  was  expensive  and  should 
not  be  employed  when  some  less  costly  method  would  answer 
the  purpose. 

Dr.  Groszmann  agreed  with  the  other  speaker  that  the  motion 
picture  had  become  a  fixture  in  the  educational  system  of  the 
country  and  elaborated  upon  this  statement  by  explaining  how 
valuable  the  film  was  in  the  teaching  of  biology  and  in  the 
demonstration  of  scientific  experiments  and  phenomena.  Com- 
plicated laboratory  methods  could  be  reproduced  on  the  screen 
indefinitely  for  the  benefit  of  thousands  of  students  who  might 
never  see  the  original  experiment. 

NEWARK  SCHOOLS  USING   PETERS'  TEXTFILMS 

A  G.  BALCOM,  assistant  superintendent  of  schools,  Newark, 
*  N.  J.,  in  charge  of  visual  instruction,  has  selected  for  use 
in  the  local  schools  the  following  pictures  from  T.  K.  Peters' 
textfilm  course  on  world  geography: 

China,  its  people,  its  industries  and  its  places  of  interest. 
Japan,  its  industries,  social  life,  ex.  Present  Australian  people 
and  their  country.  Typical  animals  of  South  America.  The 
Races  of  Mankind.  India,  the  people,  famous  places,  manners 
and  customs.  Argentine  and  Brazil.  Scenes  in  South  America, 
Egypt  and  Algeria.  Wild  animals  of  the  United  States.  Italy 
End  the  Mediterranean.  The  terrilories  of  the  United  States. 
Scenery  of  Tasmania. 

These  are  among  the  first  instructional  films  to  be  adopted  pri- 
marily for  schoolroom  use  in  correlation  with  textbooks. 

In  addition  to  a  series  of  25  reels  on  world  geography  Mr. 
Peters  is  completing  a  series  of  22  reels  on  American  history; 
eleven  on  commercial  geography  of  the  United  States;  fifteen 
on  architecture;  six  on  civics;  four  on  engineering,  and  several  on 
o;her  subjects  such  as  textiles,  agriculture,  and  transportation. 

These  films  are  distributed  by  the  National  Non-lhcatriz-al 
Motion  Piclures,  Inc.,  230  West  38th  street.  New  York  City. 


SCHOOL  MOVIES  REDUCE  TRUANCY 

Films  Prove  a  Powerful  Attraction  to  AH  Scliool  Pupils  Enabling 
the  Dullards  to  Keep  Pace  with  the  Brighter  Ones 

MOVIES  in  the  auditorium  and  the  classroom  are  proving  a 
boon  to  truant  officers  of  the  public  schools,  according  to 
William  L.  Bodine,  superintendent  of  compulsory  educa- 
tion of  the  Chicago  public  schools. 

"Truancy  is  no  longer  the  problem  it  was,"  he  declares.  "The 
low  truancy  rate  of  recent  years,  at  least  in  Chicago,  is  explained 
not  only  in  the  rigid  enforcement  of  the  compulsory  education 
laws  and  the  efficient  work  of  truant  officers  but  by  the  fact  that 
each  year  more  and  more  is  being  done  to  make  the  school  appeal 
to  boys  and  girls. 

"Not  only  is  more  alter tion  being  given  to  attractive  subjects 
like  household  arts,  shop  work,  music,  drawing,  but  all  the  funda- 
mental branches  are  being  taught  in  a  way  which  reduces  the 
drudgery  and  increases  the  interest. 

"Today  truancy  in  Chicago  amounts  to  barely  one  per  cent  of 
the  enrollment — a  remarkably  low  figure  for  a  big  city.  Slides 
already  are  being  used  in  Chicago  schools  to  a  large  extent,  and 
with  the  addition  of  educational  movies,  which  will  be  shown 
right  in  the  class  room  in  connection  with  the  lesson,  I  look  to  see 
even  that  one  per  cent  average  considerably  reduced.  I  am 
strongly  in  favor  of  visual  education,  because  I  realize  that  it  will 
do  much  to  promote  attendance.  Lesson  films  in  geography,  his- 
tory, health  and  nature  study  will  prove  a  powerful  ally  in  arous- 
ing a  desire  to  go  to  school. 
."In  every  school  there  is  a  considerable  group  of  children  who, 
while  not  exactly  in  the  subnormal  class,  are  just  on  the  border 
line.  Too  slow  of  comprehension  to  keep  up  with  their  quicker- 
witted  classmates,  they  find  themselves  dropping  further  and 
further  behind,  and  presently  sitting  in  a  class  with  pupils  who 
are  far  less  advanced  physically.  They  begin  to  feel  humiliated 
and  out  of  place,  gradually  lose  confidence  in  their  ability  to 
learn,  and  readily  fall  into  the  truancy  habit. 

"Motion  picture  lessons  have  a  good  deal  better  chance  than 
textbooks  and  oral  explanations  to  penetrate  the  dull  understand- 
ing of  such  pupils  and  to  reach  their  interest.  In  addition,  visual- 
ized lessons  will  lend  the  spice  of  novelty  to  school  work  which 
these  'repeaters'  have  reviewed  over  and  over  again.  They  will 
get  a  new  slant  on  old  lessons,  and  so  be  pricked  into  real 
enthusiasm  and  interest. 

"I  believe  that  the  next  few  years  will  see  visual  education 
established  as  a  national  proposition,  in  small  towns  and  rural 
communities  as  well  as  in  the  big  cities." 


MOTION  PICTURES  BASED  ON  FAMOUS  PAINTINGS 

THE  BEGGAR  MAID  is  a  motion  picture  based  upon  Burne- 
Jones's  painting,  "King  Cophetua  and  the  Beggar  Maid," 
and"  produced  by  the  Triart  Productions,  Inc.,  New  York.  An  an- 
cient story  has  been  woven  in  with  a  modern  one  in  which  the 
artist,  Burne-Jones,  finding  that  his  two  models,  an  earl  and  a 
gardener's  daughter,  are  in  love,  points  to  Tennyson's-  lines  to 
show  that  love  knows  no  class  distinctions.  The  painting,  which 
is  shown  in  the  progress  of  creation  in  the  motion  picture,  is 
shown  upon  the  screen.  i 

The  plan  to  arouse  interest  in  the  world's  paintings  through  the 
motion  picture  screen  has  been  encouraged  by  some  of  America's 
best  known  artists  and  art  patrons,  including  Louis  Tiffany,  Edwin 
H.  Biashfield.  Robert  W.  Aitken,  Francis  Jones,  Charles  Dana 
Qihaoti,  nobert  W.  DeForest  and  Daniel  Chester  French. 


ATLANTA  SCHOOL  BOARD  VOTES  FILM  FUND 

'T'HE  board  of  education  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  is  the  latest  to  vote  an 
appropriation  for  the  use  of  motion  picture  films  in  the 
local  public  schools  to  supplement  the  courses  of  study.  Super- 
intendent William  A.  Sutton,  who  has  been  working  towards  this 
end  for  some  time,  declared  that  "motion  pictures  are  to  be- 
come one  of  the  foremost  factors  in  education." 

Three  projectors  have  been  installed  and  a  director  of  visual 
instruction  appointed.  Films  and  slides  to  correlate  with  both 
high  school  and  grade  school  studies  will  be  employed.  One  of 
the  projectors  is  to  be  of  the  portable  type.  The  pictures  are  to 
be  shown  mainly  in  the  classrooms.  Mr.  Sutton  explained  brieHv 
the  proposed  mode  of  procedure: 

"A  certain  class  has  been  studying  the  ancient  Romans.  The 
director  of  visual  instruction  will  be  kept  informed  as  to  the 
progress  of  the  class  and  when  the  subject  has  been  completed 
he  will  be  called  upon  to  obtain  a  film  of  some  historical  work 
directly  connected  with  such  study.  The  students  will  then  review 
the  picture  while  the  director  points  out  the  high  lights  in  rela- 
tion to  the  course  of  study  just  closed. 

"Literature,  biology,  chemistry,  physics,  languages,  manual 
training,  and  many  lesser  branches  will  be  brought  under  this 
system.  A  film  on  Virgil  is  one  we  have  in  mind  for  those 
who  have  been  studying  his  works.  Geography  is  admirably 
adapted  to  the  picture  program  because  of  the  numerous  travelogs 
which  have  been  made  showing  actual  scenes  and  human  activi-, 
ties  in  almost  every  country." 


COMMUNITY  MOVIES  IN   SYRACUSE,  N.   Y. 

AN  INTERESTING  story  is  told  by  Miss  Minnie  Paddock  of 
the  South  Side  Library  Club  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.  This  club 
desired  to  obtain  money  for  their  branch  library.  They  also 
wished  to  build  up  fine  neighborhood  feeling.  For  some  time 
they  conducted  lawn  parties,  community  sings,  stereopticon  enter- 
tainments and  lectures. 

Mr.  Sumner,  principal  of  a  neighboring  school,  became  in- 
terested with  the  club  in  motion  pictures.  The  friendly  theater 
manager  cooperated  and  offered  his  theater  for  a  special  enter- 
tainment. They  agreed  to  pay  him  a  rental  of  $150  for  two 
days;  they  then  found  thirty  men  who  raised  this  money.  With 
the  theater  at  their  disposal,  they  obtained  "Selected  Pictures," 
charged  15  cents  admission  and  cleared  $400.  An  Acme  machine 
was  purchased  for  $275  on  which  a  friend  underwrote  $150 
This  machine  is  now  being  used  throughout  the  neighborhood 
including  the  parochial  school,  the  day  schools,  churches  and 
halls.  They  rented  it  wilh  an  operator  for  $6  per  day.  Already 
the  club  has  raised  $50  by  these  rentals  and  is  making  regular 
contributions  to  the  library  while  they  are  building  up  neighbor- 
hood spirit.  At  one  of  their  meetings  songs  were  written  glorify- 
ing Syracuse  and  set  to  familiar  tunes. 

THE  FILM  A  PERMANENT  SOCIAL  EDUCATOR 
By  T.  E.  Johnson 

state  Superintendent  of  Schools,   Michigan 

'T'HE  motion  picture  is  a  permanent  social  educator.  The 
school  can  and  should  use  it.  The  great  problem  is  to  secure 
the  right  kind  of  material  both  as  to  subject  matter  and  method 
of  presentation.  The  time  is  speedily  coming  when  this  will  be 
done. 


8 


SURGEON  SAVES  LIFE  AFTER  SEEING  FILM 

With   No   Other   Knowledge   Than   That   Gained   from   the   Movie, 
Doctor  Constructs  Crude  Apparatus  and  Operates  Successfully 

MOTION  pictures  are  the  coming  method  of  teaching  sur- 
gery,   according    to    Dr.    Charles    R.    Bardeen    of    the 
University    of    Wisconsin.     In    addition    to    giving    the 
i  student  a  living  picture,  which  he  is  unable  to  get  from  "cold" 
■  type  or  lectures,  it  is  possible  to  stop  the  operation  at  any  point 
;  for  an  explanation.     Even  though  the  student  were  in  the  surgical 
room,  this  would  be  impossible. 

The  story  of  a  physician  who  watched  the  picture  of  an  intri- 
cate  decompression   operation   and   later   saved   a   life   by   per- 
forming it,  with  no  other  knowledge  than  that  gained  from  the 
,  film,  is  told  by  Dr.  C.  H.  Davis. 

"At  a  recent  convention  a  motion  picture  of  this  operation  was 
shown.  Some  months  later  one  of  the  physicians  who  was 
present  attended  a  man  suffering  with  a  compound  fracture  of 
the  skull.  The  physician  was  vacationing  in  the  north  woods 
and  was  without  his  instruments.  The  man  was  dying.  As  an 
emergency  measure  the  physician  rigged  up  some  crude  apparatus, 
similar  to  that  he  had  seen  in  the  picture,  obtained  sharp  chisels, 
and  performed  the  operation.  The  patient  is  a  well  man  today." 
The  obstetrical  pictures  shown  recently  at  the  Auditorium  in 
Milwaukee  were  the  best  from  more  than  50,000  feet  of  film 
taken.  To  get  them  motion  picture  photographers  were  kept 
constantly  on  duty,  night  and  day,  for  more  than  two  years  at  the 
;  Wertheim  Clinic,  Vienna. 

A  student  watching  these  pictures.  Dr.  Davis  pointed  out, 
would  get  the  "cream"  of  two  years'  work  in  a  few  minutes. 
Physicians  may  keep  in  touch  with  all  the  latest  developments 
in  foreign  lands  without  being  forced  to  give  up  their  practice 
for  months  while  they  make  trips  abroad. 


CHICAGO  WOMAN  MOVIE  CAMERA  FAN 

SO  far  as  known,  the  only  woman  in  Chicago  who,  for  amuse- 
ment, flies  about  with  a  motion  picture  camera  is  Mrs.  S. 
Ella  Wood  Dean.  She  started  her  fad  because  she  loves  to 
travel  and  because  she  cannot  be  languid.  She  kept  on  with  her 
fad  because  she  loves  children  and  had  observed  that  they  were 
rather  overlooked  in  the  film  world,  having  little  but  adult 
plots  and  problems  presented  to  their  eager  eyes,  writes  Helen 
Wetherell  in  the  Chicago  Daily  News. 

"I  cannot  understand  why  children  should  not  have  their  news 
features  and  special  films  on  programs  given  at  motion  picture 
houses,"  Mrs.  Dean  said.  "They  are  naturally  dramatic  and  al- 
ways dressing  themselves  up  for  a  play  of  some  kind.  When  they 
go  to  see  a  movie  they  must  be  disappointed,  for  seldom  is  any- 
thing shown  that  can  interest  them  especially.  All  sorts  of  pro- 
grams are  being  given  in  which  children  take  part,  but  they  do 
not  seem  to  be  filmed.  Once  in  a  while  some  comics,  made  with 
a  little  boy  and  dog  or  some  with  animals  are  shown,  but  every 
program  should  have  its  news  pictures  for  children. 

"I  am  enthusiastic  about  the  film  world  as  a  means  of  education 
for  the  young,  who  are  more  quickly  impressed  with  pictures 
than  they  are  by  anything  else.  A  teacher  may  talk  himself  out 
of  breath  and  not  make  as  much  of  an  impression  as  he  would 
with  a  picture  of  what  he  was  explaining.  I  have  taken  many 
films  of  my  small  nieces  and  nephews,  and  always  find  an  au- 
dience of  children,  and  an  appreciative  one. 

"I  have  taken  my  camera  about  with  me  on  my  travels.  It  is 
great  sport  to  start  the  crank  revolving  and  later  start  it  again  to 
throw  the  completed  film  on  a  screen.  There  is  hardly  an  im- 
portant event  that  has  taken  place  in  any  large  American  city  in 
the  last  two  years  that  I  have  not  been  able  to  film  and  reproduce. 
It  is  far  more  fun  than  an  ordinary  camera.  I  have  yet  to  tire  of  it, 
and  am  getting  a  reliable  eye  for  the  selection  of  episodes  that 
will  screen  well." 


N.  Y.  EXCHANGES  DE.4L  DIRECT  WITH  EXHIBITORS 

PDL'CATIONAL  FILM  MAG.\ZINE  has  been  requested  bytlie  F.  1. 
•*-'  I,.  M.  Club  of  New  York  City,  719  Seventh  avenue,  to  publish  the 
following 'letter  which  has  been  mailed  to  many  non-theatrical  motion 
picture  exhibitors  in  the  New  York  and  New  Jersey  territory.  The  letter 
conveys  its  own  story: 

"Heretofore  some  middleman  has  arranged  bookings  between  the  ex- 
changes and  the  non-theatrical  exhibitor  of  films.  This  practice  has 
lieen  thoroughly  unsatisfactory  to  motion  picture  exchanges  and  led  to 
the  general  practice  now  prevalent  for  all  motion  picture  exchanges  to 
refrain  from  doing  business  with  non-theatrical  users  of  motion  pictures 
through  the  medium  of  a  middleman,  but  to  transact  business  direct. 

"This  is  to  advise  you  that  the  leading  motion  picture  companies,  all  of 
which  you  find  listed  hereon,  are  prepared  to  transact  all  their  business 
with  you  direct.  That  if  it  is  inconvenient  for  you  to  call  at  the  offices 
of  the  exchanges,  arrangements  will  be  made  whereby  representatives  of 
all  motion  picture  companies  will  be  pleased  to  call  upon  you  at  a  time 
and  place  suitable  and  convenient  to  you. 

"We  beg  to  express  to  you  our  assurances  that  the  service  which  will 
be  rendered  to  you  under  this  system  will  be  of  greater  value  to  you; 
that  your  needs  and  requirements  will  receive  much  more  study  and  that 
through  such  direct  contact,  more  suitable  films  will  be  made  available 
for  you  than  were  heretofore." 

The  following  film  distributors  are  members  of  the  club  and  are  af- 
fected by  the  above-described  ruling:  Alexander  Film  Corp.;  Arrow 
Kxchange,  Inc.;  .\ssociated  Producers,  Inc.;  .\ywon  Film  Corp.;  Big  U 
Film  Exchange;  Capital  Film  Exchange;  Climax  Film  Corp.;  Common- 
wealth Film  Corp.;  Educational  Film  Corp.;  Elk  Photoplays,  Inc.; 
Famous  Players-Lasky  Corp.;  First  National  Exchange,  N.  Y.;  First 
National  Exchange,  n"  J. ;  Fox  Film  Corp. ;  Goldwyn  Distributing  Corp. ; 
Graphic  Film  Corp.;  D.  AV.  Griffith's  Service;  W.  W.  Hodkinson  Corp.; 
Jans  Film  Service;  Merit  Film  Corp.;  Metro  Pictures  Corp.;  New  York 
Independent  Master  Film,  Inc.;  Path^  Exchance,  Inc.,  N.  Y.;  Path6  Ex- 
change, N.  J.;  Pioneer  Film  Corp.;  Realart  Pictures  Corp.;  Robertson- 
Cole  Distributing  Corp.;  Select  Pictures  Corp.,  N.  Y.;  Select  Pictures 
Corp.,  N.  J.;  StoU  Film  Corp.;  Warner's  Exchange. 


ELECTRICITY  FILMS  MADE  AT  CHICAGO  UNIVERSITY 

'T'HE  Society  for  Visual  Education  has  completed  the  first  group  of  an 
■*•  elaljorate  series  of  reels  dealing  with  electricity  and  magnetism. 
These  films  are  being  produced  at  Ryer.son  laboratory,  University  of 
Chicago,  one  of  the  best-equipped  physical  laboratories  in  the  countryy, 
under  the  direction  of  Dr.  Harvey  15.  Lemon. 

"Many  experiments  essential  to  an  imderstanding  of  electricity  and 
magnetism  call  for  equipment  of  a  sort  that  only  a  great  university  can 
afford.  Also,  they  demand  a  great  deal  of  time  in  setting  up  the  appar- 
atus and  conducting  the  experiment,"  said  Dr.  I.emon,  in  commenting  on 
the  plan  to  make  the  screen  an  "assistant  instructor'"  in  the  teaching  of 
physics.  "Educational  films  and  portable  projectors  make  these  import- 
ant demonstrations  available  to  schools  anj-where  in  the  country,  however- 
limited  their  own  laboratory  facilities." 

Experiments  that  show  different  ways  of  producing  electricity,  its 
identity  under  all  conditions,  the  molecidar  nature  of  magnetism,  and  the 
connection  between  magnetism  and  electricity,  are  among  the  first  to  be 
pictured.  The  four  initial  reels.  Dr.  Lemon  explained,  are  devoted  to 
the  "classic"  experiments.  One  of  the  most  interesting  of  the  demon- 
strations screened  at  the  meeting  was  the  so-called  "ice  pail  experiment" 
of  Faraday,  establishing  the  fact  that  positive  and  negative  electricity 
always  appear  in  equal  amoimts.  One  more  spectacular  in  character 
showed  a  large  Wimshurst  machine  producing  charges  that  gave  forth 
long,  bright  sparks. 

Succeeding  reels  of  the  series.  Dr.  Lemon  announced,  are  to  deal  with 
the  modern  aspects  of  the  subject  of  electricity,  and  magnetism. 

WRITE  FOR  THIS  CHURCH  REPORT 

A  FTER  using  motion  pictures  for  a  year  in  Greystone  Presbyterian 
-'^■Church,  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  Rev.  George  E.  Bevans  has  prepared  an 
interesting  report  called  "Motion  Pictures — The  Experience  of  One  « 
Church."  Printed  by  the  Presbyterian  Board  of  Home  Missions,  it  has 
been  widely  circulated  throughout  the  country.  It  contains  an  outline 
of  the  pictures  used  including  the  source  of  supply,  the  cost,  and  the 
companies  which  aim  to  supply  churches  with  satisfactory  films. 


9 


STATUS  OF  EDUCATIONAL  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  AMERICAN  PUBLIC  SCHOOLS 

THE  data  published  in  the  following  table  was  gathered  through  questionnaires  sent  to  the  public  school  superintende.its  of  many 
cities  of  the  United  States  by  the  Municipal  Reference  Library,  New  York  City.       The  information  is  by  no  means  complete; 
but  as  an  indication  of  the  extent  to  which  motion  pictures  arebeing  employed  in  the  public  school  sys  ems  of  ihe  country,  it  is  il- 
luminating and  significant.     It  will  be  noted  that  few  of  the  schools  have  any  defini  e  plan  for  visual  education  and  many  of  the 
funds  are  raised  by  the  teachers  and  pupils  rather  than  by  official   appropriations  from  the  boards  of  education. 


'w 


I  Are  yo*j  usinK  |  Are  ther  used  in 
Imolion  picturet]  tchool  auembUeB, 
i!n  any  way  m'  parents'  meetintfs. 
lyo'ir  '■djcnt'oa-i  or  teachers'  meel- 
m!  system?     [  intfs  ? 

_!__ 1 


Are  the 

films  used  j 
partly   di- 
versional    ; 
as  well  as  i 
ioatnictive  ? 


Used  in  c'aBS-room  worL  ?    (f  so,  what  sub- 
jects ?    What  curriculum  subjects  do 
you  feel  are  best  suited? 


Boston..' 
Chicago.. 


Cleveland.. 
Denver  — 
Detroit  ..- 


Duiulh 

Elizabeth.  N.J.. 


Erie.  Pa, 

Grand  Rapids.  Mich , 

Indianapolis,  Ind... 

Kansas  Gty 

Lynn,  Mass.. 

New  Haven,  Coon. 
New  York 


Newark,  N.J. .-- 

Norfolk.  Va 

Omaha 

Paterson.  N.  J.  - 


Philadelphia 

Pittsburg.  Pa 

Providence.  R. I. 


Richmond,  Va 

St.  Paul.  Minn.  .... 
Salt  Lake  Gty- --- 
San  Antonio.Tez.. 

San  Francisco 

Schenectady.  N.Y. 


Spokaoe.Wash.-- 
Sprioffield.  Mass. 

Syracote --- 

TacoiM.  Wash. .. 
Washington.  D.C. 
Wilmintftoo,  Del... 
Worcester.  Mats... 


Yes 
Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

No 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 
Ves 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

Somewhat 
Yes 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
No 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 
Yea 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
No 
Yet 


School  Centers 

School  assemblies. 
Parents'  meetings 

School  assemblies 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

School  assemblies 

and 
Parents'  meetings 


School  centers 

Yes 

Yes 


Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 


Largely 

diversional 

Yes 


Yes 
Yes 
Yea 

Yes 
Yes 


I  Is  there  a  special  ap* 
How  is  work  direct-  'propriation  for  this 
ed?  Through  a  sep-  kind  of  work?  How 
arate  department  or  much?  Have  you 
bureau  of  visual  in-  apian  for  develop-! 
Btruction?  in^  visual  education 

in  your  system? 


Used  in  all  schools  and  grades  in  tfeotfraphy.; 
history,  literature  and  science  ; 

Not  very  extensively,  mostly  in  £eo£raphy    i 

No  I 

Not  extensively.     Hope  to  do  so. 

No 


Yes 
Educational  I 
Yes        j 
Yes 

Both 

Instructive 

Yes 

Yes 


Dept.  of  extended 

Use  of  Schools 

School  Extension 

Bureau 

Department  hein£ 

organized 
Principal  of  school 

Dept.  of  Visual 
Instruction 

Public  Recreational 

Dept. 

Principals 


li  not,  how  is  the  ex- 
pense met  ? 


Films  best  suited  to  history,  tfeotfraphy 

and  civics 

Yes,  particularly  in  science 

In  Three  grammar  schools 

No  j 

Yes.    Elem.  schools  in  £eo2raphy.  physical 

(raining,  literature,  Hifih-schools,  biolotiy, 

physical  training 

Yes.    History,  civics,  hygiene  and  literature 

best  suited 


Department  of  Visual 

Instruction 
Special  Department 


Small  appropria- 
tion. Plan  in 
process 

No 

No 

i  Small 

t':)propriation. 
Yes 
Small  appropriation 

No 


Planning  to  use 
films 
Small     appropria- 
tion   for    visual 
instruction 
No 


From  the  appropi  .ation  of 

The  Dept.  of  Extended 

Use  of  schools 


General  expense  budget 

Funds  raised  by  enter- 
tainment 


Do  you  buy  ,  what  are  the  chief  sources  of 
Knt    th^m  ?  '    *"'"''*'  °^ ''''"''  '^"  *'**"  "*^' '' 


Best  suited  to  tfeotfraphy,  history 

and  agriculture 

Yes.    In  history,  £eo£raphy  and  literature 


Principals  of  schools  ; 

Dept.  of  Visual  In-    j 
struction 

Dept.  of  Visual  In- 
struction     _      ; 
Principals  of  Indi- 
vidual schools        I 


Yes 


I 


Yes  1      Mostly 

I  instructive 
School  assemblies  |         Yes 

and  I 

Parents'  meetings  I 

Yes  Yes 


School  assemblies 

School  assemblies 

School  assemblies 
and  community 

iatherin^B 

Assemblies  and 

parents'  meetings 

Yes 

School  assemblies 

Yfs 

Yes 


Yes 

Instructive 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 
No 
Yes 
Yes 


Groups  of  classes 

Upper  grades  and  high  school.     Best 

suited  to  geography  and  science 

Grammar  grades,  in  nature  study. 

geography  and  civics 


Yes. 


Geography  and  science 
Hitfh  schools 


Principals  of  schools 


Principals  of  schools 

Dept.  of  Nature  study 

and  school  gardens 

I    Principals  of  schools  . 


Assistant  superin- 
tendent 


Yes 

No 
Yes 

Yes.    Yes 

No 

No.    No  plan 

No.    No 

No.    No 


Admission  charges 
Individual  schools 


Rent  and 
borrow 
Rent 


Rent 
Rent 


Community  Motion  Picture 
Bureau 
Indusiriai  and  general  dis- 
tributors 

Educational  museum  of  pubiic 
schools  and  local  exchanges 
Industrial  and  government 

Universities,  exchanges, 
Industrials 

Edison 

Pathe  and  Community 


1 


From  general  expense  fund 


Expenses  largely  enet  by 
admissions 


By  school,  and  by  School  ; 
and  home  league  | 

Funds  raised  by  enter- 
tainment 
Funds  raised  by  enter- 
tainment and  parents'       | 
associations  | 

Funds  raised  by  school     , 

General  fund  i 

Funds  raised  by  schools 

Funds  raised  by  schools 


Rent 
Rent 


Rent  and 

borrow 

Rent 


'  Buy  and 
rent 
Buy 


Pathe  and  others 
Film  exchanges 


als.  Motion  Picture 
Producers 


Rent  snd 

borrow 

Real 


Buy  and 
rent 


!  Industrials— Phil.  Commercial 
!  Museum  and  film  exchan£ea 
!      United  Projector  Film  Co. 


/ari.ous  sonrces 


No 


Grammar  grades  in  history,  civics,  geog- 
raphy, literature  and  nature  study 
Grammar  grades 


Somewhat 

Somewhat.     Science 

Yes.     Upper  grades,  geography  and  history 

Grammar  grades  in  geography,  history 
and  English 
Grade  schools 


Principals  of  schools  \ 

Bureau  of  Visual      i  Indefinite.     Have  i 

Education            !  plan 

Principals  of  schools  :  Yes                I 

i  Plan  (o  use  more  | 

'  extensively 
;  Principals  of  schools' 


Funds  raised  by  schools 


No. 


Principals  of  schools; 

Superintendent  and  ! 

principals 
Principals  of  schools 


No  pan 

Yes 
No     No  plan 
Vo     No  plan 

No 


Funds  raised  by  schools 


Rent 
Rent 


Rent  and 
borrow 


Rent 
R<>nt 


i       Stale  University  and  local 

exchanges 
.Slate  University  and  Industrials 

Industrials 
!  Industrials 


School  «ssemblic« 


t    Principal  of  achool  * 


Funds  raised  by  schools 
Funds  raised  by  schools 


Rent 
Buy 


State  educational  department 


I 


GEOGRAPHY  FILM  LECTURES  IN  PHIL'A.  SCHOOLS 
"pUBLIC  school  pupils  in  Philadelphia  will  study  the  new 
geography  course  this  winter  with  the  aid  of  motion  pictures. 
Trade  relations  of  the  United  States  form  an  important  phase 
of  this  new  course.  The  Philadelphia  Commercial  Museum,  in 
cooperation  with  the  public  schools,  has  prepared  a  series  of 
lectures  which  are  intended  to  supplement  the  class  work  and 
are  planned  to  avoid  duplication  of  instruction  given  in  the 
classroom.  The  superintendent  of  schools  is  authorized  to  grant 
permission  to  classes  to  extend  these  lectures. 

The  schedule  of  lectures,  correlating  with  the  study  of  geog- 
raphy, includes:  Philadelphia  and  its  industries,  grade  4A;  Penn- 
sylvania and  its  industries,  grade  4B;  the  Middle  Atlantic  states, 
grade  4B;  various  sections  of  the  United  States,  grade  5A;  Mexico, 
Central  and  South  America,  grade  5B;  Europe,  grade  6A;  Asia, 
grade  6B. 

The  port  of  Philadelphia,  commercial  transportation,  the 
wheat,  cotton,  lumber  and  other  industries  and  current  topics 
in  geography  are  scheduled  for  grades  7  and  8. 

SPECIAL  SIJRSCKIPTION   OFFKR.S:     Ebijcatwhal   Film   Macazinu   and   Loom- 
lojkr  Catalog,  a  months.  II;   »  moiithii,   ll.SO.    Send  your  trial  order  TODAY. 


CONGREGATIONAL  CONFERENCE  DISCUSSES  MOVIES 

REV.  E.  A.  THOMPSON,  pastor  of  Quincy  Congregational 
Church,  Quincy,  111.,  and  Rev.  Harry  L.  Meyer,  pastor  of  the 
Congregational  Church  at  Decatur,  111.,  discussed  the  value  of 
motion  pictures  in  the  church  at  the  recent  state  conference  of 
their  sect  in  Galesburg,  111. 

Mr.  Thompson  has  been  using  movies  for  two  years  and  has 
increased  the  attendance  through  their  use  from  75  to  about  800. 
"The  pictures  are  a  means,  not  an  end,"  he  said.  "It  is  essential 
that  the  spirit  of  reverence,  religion  and  prayer  pervade  the 
church  and  that  the  films  be  made  a  part  of,  not  a  substitute  for, 
the  church  service." 

The  service  is  opened  and  closed  with  some  form  of  worship, 
the  picture  being  the  basis  of  a  brief  sermon.  Only  those  films 
with  a  moral  or  ethical  lesson  are  ever  used.  Experience  showed 
that  the  movies  attracted  a  well-balanced  crowd  many  of  whom 
became  attracted  to  the  church  and  joined  its  membership. 

Mr.  Meyer  said  that  he  found  the  five  reel  feature,  with  a  plot, 
action,  and  dramatic  appeal  was  the  most  successful  in  connection 
with  his  evening  service.  He  stressed  the  fact  that  the  projection- 
ist should  be  skilled  and  the  best  to  be  obtained.  He  also  insisted 
upon  the  spirit  of  reverence  and  religion  dominating  the  service. 


10 


FILM  NEWS  FROM  FRANCE 

By  E.  Fletcher-Clayton 

Special   Correspondent    for    Educationai.    Film    Magazine 


Paris,  France,  October  15,  1921. 

A      MONGST  the  educational  and  documentary  films  made  by 

/%      Pathe  and  printed  upon  non-inflammable  film,  the  most 

-  -^   noteworthy  are  those  of  the  new  series  of  film  lessons 

in  geology,  botany,  zoology,  physiology,  etc.     Each  film 

-  accompanied  by  special  information  for  teachers  upon  the 
(reparation  for  the  lesson  to  be  given.  A  plan  of  each  lesson  is 
irovided,  and  in  certain  cases  special  diagramatic  slides  are 
jsued.  All  these  film  lessons  are  divided  into  four  categories; 
fhich  is  to  say,  graded  in  order  to  meet  the  class  divisions..  As 
he  Pathe  educational  films  are  well  known  in  America,  it  is  need- 
ess  to  insist  upon  their  quality. 

French  Landowner's  Initiative  to  Educate  Employees 
Georges  Marechal,  proprietor  of  a  vast  agricultural  enterprise 
,:omprising  thousands  of  acres  in  and  around  Sorel-Moussel,  in 
he  department  of  the  Eure  and  Loire,  has,  for  a  landowner,  very 
idvanced  ideas.  He  employs  hundreds  of  agricultural  laborers, 
vhose  work  begins  in  childhood,  whose  hours  are  long,  and  for 
vhom  the  chances  of  educa'ion  are  rather  slight.  In  order  to  keep 
hese  people  (some  of  whom  are  women)  out  of  the  village  inns 
ind  the  cabarets  of  a  low-class  order,  and  especially  to  enlighten 
hem,  M.  Marechal  has  installed  a  free  cinema  in  his  chateau 
ivhere,  twice  a  week,  a  representation  is  given,  consisting  for  the 
neater  part  of  films  of  educational  value — though  (and  perhaps 
n'isely)  these  are  not  unmixed  with  comedy  and  drama  films. 
\lthough  many  of  the  French  farm  laborers  are  largely  ignorant 
Df  the  scientific  side  of  the  work  they  do  daily,  nobody  in  the 
Ministry  of  Agriculture  has  thought  of  offering  M.  Marechal  any 
»f  the  official  films  dealing  with  the  use  of  agricultural  machinery 
in  France,  much  of  which  is  of  American  design  and  manufacture; 
yet  this  cha'eau  cinema,  which  has  a  capacity  of  hundreds,  is 
packed  to  suffocation  on  show  nights. 

French  Version  of  LaFont.aine's  Fables 
The  Union-Eclair  company  is  editing  a  series  of  films,  each  one 
representing  one  of  LaFontaine's  fables.  These  films  are  being 
made  under  the  direction  of  Louis  Forest,  the  well-known  journal- 
ist of  Le  Matin,  and  it  would  be  difficult  to  imagine  anyone  be'ler 
qualified  for  the  work.  Plans  for  the  distribution  of  these  films 
are,  I  hear,  not  yet  complete;  but  they  will  probably  be  hirable 
singly  or  in  the  series.  The  same  company.  Eclair,  are  issuing 
many  documentary  and  sport  subjects  made  by  the  Nordisk  Film 
Company. 

Teaching  by  Cinema  in  the  French  Schools 
The  idea  of  the  "cinema  scolaire"  is  slowly  gaining  ground, 
and  the  only  people  whose  lack  of  imagination  tend  to  hold  it 
back  are  the  few  senile  professors  still  in  authority,  who  are  re- 
spected more  for  their  age  than  for  their  enlightenment,  and  the 
■'blue  stockings,"  of  which  class  there  are  always  too  many  in 
every  country.  The  latest  bit  of  news  in  this  direction  is  that  the 
municipal  council  of  Saint-Etienne  is  to  install  a  cinematographic 
apparatus  in  all  the  public  schools  under  iis  jurisdiction.  A 
preliminary  credit  of  30,000  francs  has  been  voted  to  permit,  by 
October  next,  the  placing  of  one  projector  in  each  school. 


In  Paris  the  movement  is  rapidly  gaining  ground,  though  there 
are  many  difficulties  in  the  way.  However,  by  way  of  encourage- 
ment, the  Association  Amicales  d'Anciens  Eleves  of  eight  schools 
have  each  given  the  sum  of  500  francs  to  a  foundation  fund  for 
the  installation  of  cinemas  in  the  schools  of  the  capital. 

It  must  be  understood  that  all  instruction  and  all  schools  in 
France  are  under  the  supervision  of  the  government,  and  that  this 
has  existed  since  the  separation  of  state  and  chur«h  some  years 
ago.  There  are  many  in  France  who  hold  the  view  that  the 
church  is  the  greatest  enemy  of  enlightenment,  and  amongst 
these  are  those  who  most  heartily  approve  of  the  installation  of 
cinemas  in  the  schools,  as  in  this  way  they  hope  for  the  spread  of 
secularism,  which  is  already  wide  in  France.  But  on  the  other 
hand,  there  are  those  who  maintain  that  the  government  system 
of  education  is  not  without  purpose.  So  an  even  balance  of 
opinion  is  maintained.  However,  the  reader  will  gather  from 
these  notes  that  films  of  religious  subjects  are  in  little  demand 
in  France. 

Einstein's  Theories  to  be  Demonstrated  by  Film 

A  group  of  French  scientists,  whose  names  are  not  given, 
are  busy  upon  the  preparation  of  a  film  destined  to  expose  the 
theories  of  Einstein.  I  mean,  both  demonstrate  and  expose; 
for  Einstein  is  not  looked  upon  in  France  as  being  such  a  re- 
markable man  as  he  has,  perhaps,  been  too  readily  taken  for  in 
other  countries.  Some  of  his  theories  are  held  to  be  nothing 
entirely  new,  whilst  others  are  rejected  as  untenable;  but  it  is 
believed  that  a  film  demonstrating  what  is  possible  in  this  direc- 
tion would  prove  of  considerable  value.  I  understand  that  the 
"slow  motion"  camera  of  M.  Labrely  will  play  a  very  important 
part  in  the  making  of  this  film.  Some  of  Einstein's  theories, 
difficult  for  the  mind  to  seize,  or  impossible  to  visualize,  could, 
ii  is  thought,  be  very  conclusively  demonstrated  by  means  of  a 
film.  According  to  information  received,  certain  Swiss  scientists 
are  also  preparing  an  Einstein  film;  and  I  am  certain  that  one 
from  America,  with  all  the  scientific  perfection  that  such  a  film 
would  undoubtedly  have,  would  be  very  much  welcomed  here. 
American  Slrcical  Films  at  the  French  Academy  of  Medicine 

One  of  the  newly  formed  film-hiring  companies  is  Films-Erka, 
directed  by  L.  and  J.  Edelsten,  late  of  the  Select- Pictures,  of 
Paris.  This  company  has  the  exploitation  rights  of  certain  films 
of  surgical  operations,  American  films  of  the  Clinical  Film  Com- 
pany (according  to  the  notices),  showing  famous  surgeons  per- 
forming delicate  operations.  Films  were  shown  of  operations 
by  the  surgeons  W.  Hewitt,  W.  Young,  Emil  Ries,  J.  Hill,  and  F. 
Erdmann;  and  that  by  Doctor  Young  was  greeted  by  applause. 
Many  eminent  French  surgeons  attended  the  presentation  of  these 
films,  including  the  professors  and  surgeons  Hartmann,  Delbet, 
Desmarest,  Gregoire,  Carnot,  Mauclerc,  Le  Lorier,  Richelot,  Po- 
lack,  Bertrand.  Also  M.  M.  de  Martel,  Mathieu,  Moure,  Souli- 
goux,  Vaudremer,  Beclere,  Deneker,  Lequeux.  There  were  also 
several  English,  Spanish,  and  Italian  surgeons  present.  M.  Des- 
chaumes,  the  technical  agent  for  Films-Erka,  read  the  introductory 
nolice  to  each  film  before  it  was  shown  on  the  screen.  The  im- 
pression left  upon  the  scientific  audience  was  that  such   films. 


11 


though  deserving  encouragement,  should  be  strictly  confined  to 
the  curriculum  of  the  higher  surgical  training  colleges,  and  not 
shown  to  the  budding  medical  student. 

The  ViLLE  DE  Paris  Makes  Its  First  Educational  Film 

Previously  I  gave  a  brief  account  of  the  activities  of  M.  Bruneau 
who,  besides  being  professor  of  design  at  the  National  School  of 
Decorative  Art,  is  also  an  inspec;or  of  the  branch  of  higher  educa- 
tion. It  now  appears  that  the  Municipal  Council  has  commis- 
sioned M.  Bruneau  to  undertake  the  supervision  of  a  series  of 
educational  films  to  be  arranged  and  photographed  by  the  expert 
operator  Ed.  Floury.  The  first  film  of  the  series  was  presented 
before  members  of  the  council  last  week:  it  is  a  profound  cinema- 
tographic study  of  the  process  of  forging  iron.  Every  detail 
of  each  phase  of  the  whole  series  of  operations  is  shown,  and 
these  in  such  a  -way  that  it  would  be  impossible  at  the  conclusion 
not  to  be  able  to  write  down  an  account  of  the  process.  This  is 
exactly  what  will  be  asked  of  scholars  to  whom  the  film,  and 
others  of  the  same  series,  will  be  shown  in  the  higher  schools. 
"L'Atlantide",  by  Jacques  Feyder,  from  the  Romance  by 

Pierre  Benoit 

This  film,  which  is  in  three  parts  and  which  runs  for  three 
solid  hours,  is  one  of  the  finest  French  productions  that  has  ever 
been  made.  Though  not  an  educational  film,  it  is  full  of  in- 
struction and  of  imagination,  and,  considerably  shortened,  would 
well  form  a  picture  of  life  amongst  Arabs  and  of  the  Sahara. 
L'Atlantide  is  obviously  inspired  by  the  much  earlier  book  "She", 
by  the  English  author  Sir  Rider  Haggard ;  in  fact  it  is  the  plainest 
piece  of  plagiarism  I  have  ever  seen,  but,  curiously  enough,  it 
is  more  entertaining  that  the  original  inspiration!  If  "She"  is 
considered  fit  consumption  for  the  school-boy  mind  (as  it  is  in 
England)  than  L'Atlantide  is  eminently  suitable,  in  the  same 
sense,  for  the  schoolroom  cinema.  It  makes  one  realise  the  im- 
mensity and  awfulness  of  the  Sahara,  and  withal  its  weird  fasci- 
nation, as  no  travel  film  could  do.  Although  the  story  has  its 
rather  unpleasant  moments,  the  moral  undercurrent  is  good; 
whilst  the  end  leaves  one  anxious  for  a  sequel. 

Notes  on  September  Film  Presentations 

Noire  Dame  (Cosmograph),  Old  Castles  of  the  Gironde 
(Agence  General)  and  Ruins  of  the  Temple  of  Baalbek,  Egypt 
(Gaumont)  for  architectural  interest.  Several  documentary  films 
of  the  Union-Eclair  have  considerable  merit,  particularly  Fabri- 
cation of  Faiences  and  Sandal  and  Sabot  Making.  A  very  beauti- 
ful film  of  Summer  Flowers  was  presented  by  Universal-Location, 
which  company  also  showed  a  wonderfully  photographed  film  of 
the  details  of  construction  of  a  locomotive. 

Educational  and  Scientific  Films  in  Demand 

The  cinematograph  industry  is  now  at  the  height  of  the  dead 
season,  and  practically  nothing  whatever  is  to  be  heard  of  educa- 
tional films.  But  I  have  been  informed  that  films  showing  ex- 
periments in  physics  are  wanted;  single  laboratory  experiments. 
German  films  of  this  nature  have  been  offered  and  refused;  so 
that  if  copies  of  the  same  films  were  to  come  over  from  America 
they  would  instantly  be  recognized.  I  have  also  been  asked  if 
I  knew  where  to  obtain  films  of  insect  life,  particularly  of  those 
insects  which  do  harm  to  human  beings.  As  I  hold  no  brief  for 
any  firm  here,  readers  must  address  themselves  to  the  known 
■gents-  i       ..      IJ  :.^ 


THE  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  IN  ENGLAND 
By  B.  Allan 

Special  Correspondent  for  Educational  Film   Magazine 

London,  England,  August  15,  1921. 

AN    invention    displayed    in    London    recently,    under    th 
title   of  Kinereflex,  has   an   exceptional   interest  to  edt 
cationalists.     This  apparatus  is  the  invention  of  Marti 
Harper,  member  of  a  firm  which  has  specialized  in  kin« 
matograph  machinery  for  some  years  past,  and  its  essential  point 
of  novelty  are  the  employment  of  a  paper  film  and  the  projectio 
of  a  picture  by  reflection  instead  of  by  the  usual  means. 

An  ordinary  projection  mechanism  is  used,  with  the  exceptio 
that  the  back  plate  of  the  gate  is  blind.  The  light  spot  is  coi 
cen'rated  on  the  paper  fil  mobliquely  through  the  front  apei 
ture  of  the  gate  and,  between  the  gate  and  the  projection  lens 
is  mounted  a  right-angled  reversing  prism  for  the  purpose  o 
allowing  the  film  to  be  printed  from  ordinary  commercia 
negatives  and  shown  without  a  lateral  reversal  of  titles. 

In  the  lamphouse  are  mounted  special  lenses  bringing  abou 
a  strong  concentration  of  light  upon  the  film  from  the  2-amperf 
110-volt  gas-filled  lamp  employed  in  the  demonstration.  On  th 
special  aluminum  screen  used  on  this  occasion  a  bright  six-foo 
picture  was  secured  and  it  was  shown  to  be  a  simple  matter  t' 
stop  the  picture  at  any  moment,  in  order  that  any  particula 
phase  of  movement  might  be  studied  in  detail  and  explained  b 
the  teacher. 

The  film  itself  is  stout  and  does  not  stretch.     It  bears  a  rapi( 
printing  bromide  solution  and  is  produced  just  like  an  ordinar; 
celluloid  film  in  the  ordinary  commercial  printing  machine,  but  i 
claimed  to  give  more  carefully  graduated  effects.    The  importa 
advantages  are: 

1.  An  absolute  absence  of  the  risk  of  fire. 

2.  Great  economy.  The  paper  films  can,  it  is  said,  be  produce(| 
for  about  fifty  cents  per  thousand  feet.  j 

3.  The  adaptation  of  bi-color  photomechanical  printing  to  moj 
tion  pictures.  | 

4.  Projection  from  the  ordinary  house  current  without  the  neec! 
of  expensive  apparatus.  , 

5.  A  great  gain  in  teaching  because,  as  already  explained,  th<i 
film  can  be  halted  at  any  desired  point  and  individual  picture^ 
examined  at  leisure.  j 

6.  Simplicity  of  handling.  The  to'al  weight  of  the  apparatus  ii 
twelve  pounds. 

As  against  these  gains  the  most  important  disadvantage  appear^ 
to  be  that  the  Kinereflex  gives  only  from  one-third  to  one-hall 
the  light  efficiency  of  an  ordinary  projector.  This  criticism  is 
of  much  less  importance,  of  course,  as  regards  private  and  class 
room  use  than  if  the  invention  were  intended  for  public  use  ii 
large  halls,  which  it  is  not. 

Board  of  Education  Approves 


In  London  trade  and  educational  circles,  the  possibilities  of  thf 
Kinereflex  are  highly  esteemed  and  the  British  daily  press  has 
published  enthusiastic  articles  on  its  possibilities.  What  is  stil 
more  important  is  that  the  Cinema  Commissions  Enquiry  of  th( 
Board  of  Education,  after  investigating  apparatus  for  two  years 
has  accepted  the  Kinereflex  as  the  only  one  containing  the  neces 
sary  guarantees  of  economy  and  absolute  safety.  It  is  hoped 
with  some  reason,  that  its  appearance  may  at  least  break  dowi 
the  opposition  of  British  educational  authorities  to  the  regulai 
employment  of  films  in  class  teaching. 


RELIGIOUS 


THE  FILM  AS  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  SERMON 

Successful   Use  of  Movies  in  the  Pulpit  as  Part  of  the  Religious 

Service  by  Rev.  Dr.  Mark  Kelley,  Pastor  of  State  Street 

Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  Troy,  N.  Y. 

By  William  S.  Mitchell* 


is  it  possible  to  use  the  motion  picture  successfully  in  a  relig- 
ious service?     This  is  the  question  many  a  preacher  is  asking 
and  wondering  whether  any  one  is  in  a  position  to  answer 
it  out  of  experience  which  is  sufficient  to  make  that  answer 
vith   more   than    merely    a    personal    theory.      Many    of   these 
pachers   who   are   asking  this   question   have   experimented   in 
»'  way  or  another  with  the  movie,  most  of  them  unsatisfactorily. 
Tie  causes  for  dissatisfaction  are  many.     Sometimes  it  is  the 
61  itself,  sometimes  the  projection,  not  infrequently  the  attitude 
i)!the  part  of  the  congregations  before  whom  the  pictures  were 
s  wn.     Most  preachers  today,  if  you  were  to  press  them  for  an 
jiwer,  would  tell  you  that  they  have  come  to  the  conclusion 
I't  the  movie's  place  in  the  church's  program  must  be  found 
i'the  social  and  recreative  departments;  that  as  a  pulpit  medium 
iias  proven  unsatisfactory.     However,  these  same  men,  with  the 
citinual   evidence   before  them  in  the  commercialized  motion 
[ture's  ability  to  put  over  its  message,  are  puzzled  as  to  the 
oarent  failure  in  its  religious  use. 

One  preacher  has  worked  out  the  theory  and  technic  of  the 
ligious  use  of  the  motion  picture  in  such  completeness  that 
Fhas  probably  made  the  most  valuable  contribution  yet  to  this 
ieresting  and  pressing  question  of  the  modern  church.  I  am 
(ite  sure  that  his  conclusions  and  methods  will  prove  of  value 
tmany  a  man  who,  realizing  the  power  of  this  new  instrument, 
i baffled  by  the  seeming  difficulty  of  its  reverent  and  successful 
r;.  This  preacher  is  Rev.  Dr.  Mark  Kelley,  of  the  State  Street 
'thodist  Episcopal  Church,  of  Troy,  N.  Y. 

Difficulties  to  Overcome 

When  asked  to  state  the  difficulties  which  must  be  faced  in  intro- 
cing  the  motion  picture  into  church  use  Dr.  Kelley  put  them 
ingently  as  follows: 

"The  uncouthness  of  the  necessary  motion  picture  apparatus  of 
''.chines,  booth  and  screen  as  an  adjunct  of  the  modern  church 
.  iitorium ; 

"The  inferiority  of  projection  in  the  church  compared  with 
f;  professional  projection  to  which  all  are  accustomed; 

"The  cost  of  installation  and  maintenance; 

"The  difficulty  in  securing  desirable  film  subjects; 

"The  natural   prejudice  of  church   people  toward  a  medium 

largely  monopolized  for  amusement  purposes; 

"The  attitude  of  the  congregations  drawn  by  the  advertisement 
'  the  film — the  popular,  movie  feeling  and  its  effect  upon  the 

rshipful  spirit  and  atmosphere." 

Most  preachers  who  have  ever  endeavored  to  make  use  of  the 

n,  or  have  given  its  use  any  study  at  all  will  recognize  these 

ficulties  as  exceedingly  familiar.     The  way  in  which  this  par- 

ular  minister  solved  them  to  his  own  and  his  church's  satisfac- 

n  may  prove  helpful. 

State  Street,  Troy,  is  fortunate  in  having  the  choir  balcony 


in  the  rear,  instead  of  immediately  at  the  front  of  its  church 
auditorium.  The  organ  is  placed  in  the  center  of  this  balcony, 
with  heavy  curtains  hiding  the  door  at  one  side  by  which  the 
choir  enters.  Here  it  was  comparatively  easy  to  add  curtains 
on  the  other  side  and  build  behind  them  a  modern,  professional 
booth  with  all  the  equipment  of  the  usual  amusement  house,  this 
hidden  until  needed  for  use  by  the  curtain  which  balanced  the 
other  hiding  the  choir  entrance. 


'In  The  Bxpotitor. 


Projection  Problems 

The  problem  of  projection  received  long  and  serious  consider- 
ation. It  was  found  that  inferior  machines  were  chiefly  respon- 
sible for  the  usual  poor  projection  encountered  in  church  use. 
The  solution  for  this  problem  was  the  purchase  of  the  machine 
now  used  by  80%  of  the  professional  houses.  Another  phase 
of  this  problem  was  to  secure  sufficient  light.  The  usual  church 
projection  is  longer  than  that  used  in  the  professional  theater. 
Lenses,  lighting  medium  and  screen  all  must  be  carefully  chosen. 
The  wrong  screen  can  "kill"  50%  of  the  light  projected  anJ 
so  ruin  the  picture.  For  church  use  the  screen  preferably  must 
be  one  .capable  of  being  used  on  a  roller.  By  sad  experience 
this  preacher  learned  that  possibly  the  best  screen  now  manufac- 
tured is  of  little  use  to  his  purpose  because  so  perfect  is  its 
reflecting  surface  that  the  slightest  wrinkle  casts  a  shadow  which 
ruins  the  picture.  It  can  be  successfully  used  only  when  tightly 
stretched  with  a  perfection  of  tension  impossible  to  roller  use. 
An  operator  was  found  who  had  been  a  professional.  "It  pays- 
to  pay"  is  the  motto  of  this  church.  We  can  not  afford  to  go 
into  competition  with  the  amusement  houses  and  use  inferior 
stuff.     Though  the  expense  is  high  the  results  justify. 

The  problem  of  proper  film  material  is  now  being  rapidly 
solved.  One  company  at  least  is  now  catering  entirely  to  the 
church  screen  and  producing  adequate  material  of  the  highest 
grade.  Even  the  professional  companies  are  beginning  to  awaken 
to  the  possibilities  of  this  new  field  for  their  entering  and  many 
films  can  now  be  secured.  However,  experience  teaches  that  for 
church  use  the  film  itself  must  be,  not  an  adaptation,  but  one 
constructed  from  its  very  scenario  for  religious  purposes,  with 
the  reverence,  viewpoint  and  message  of  the  church  embod- 
ied in  it. 

The  last  two  problems  are  solved  in  the  method  of  presenta- 
tion Dr.  Kelley  has  worked  out  and  which  is  the  thing  really  of 
value  in  this  discussion. 

The  preacher  making  use  of  the  motion  picture  in  a  religious 
service  faces  the  familiar  necessity  of  any  service — that  of  de- 
veloping a  worshipful  and  reverent  spirit  in  the  congregation. 
Much  of  the  usual  order  of  service  in  our  churches  is  there  for 
this  purpose,  that  by  hymns  and  prayer  and  scripture  and  the 
worship  elements  of  the  service  the  way  may  be  prepared  for  the 
message  of  the  hour.  There  is  the  additional  difficulty,  with  the 
(Continued  on  page  19) 

18 


By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


THE  FOUR  SEASONS 


ACCURATELY  informative  throughout;  crowded  with  ex- 
amples of  the  plant  and  animal  worlds;  reflecting  the 
year-round  aspects  and  phenomena  of  na'.ure,  Charles 
Urban's  four-reel  story  of  the  seasons  presents  what  is 
perhaps  ihe  most  complele  and  satisfactory  record  of  its  kind  yet 
given  to  ihe  screen.  The  ti'.les  are  informative  but  not  technical; 
a  bit  poetic,  with  that  imaginative  spontaneity  springing  from 
a  love  and  understanding  of  the  object  described.  Continuity  is 
ingeniously  preserved  by  means  of  stressing  the  processes  of  cer- 
tain animal  development;  such  as  the  frog  from  egg  to  maturity, 
and  the  shadding  and  growing  of  the  deer's  antlers. 

An  occasional  condensation  of  material  would  facilitate  the 
introduction  of  panoramic  scenes  of  beautiful  nature  to  visualize 
each  season.  We  miss  the  expansiveness  of  the  "big  out-of-doors." 
The  inclusion  of  such  scenes  would  take  the  picture  out  of  its 
somewhat  restricted  angle  of  vision,  establishing  that  breadth  of 
effect  which  would  lift  it  into  the  realms  of  a  genuine  screen  epic. 

Tlie  first  voices  of  spring-av/akened  nature  are  heard  soon  after  the 
pussywillows  put  forth  their  gray  faces.  Tliese  are  the  shrill  voices 
of  the  "petpeis"  calling  from  tl-.e  marshes  when  the  lowly  skunk  cab- 
bage, first  of  green  things,  pushes  its  broad  leaves  above  the  mould. 
The  pollywogs  are  hatching;  tlie  snakes  are  coming  from  their  rocky 
strongholds;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Woodchuck  emerge  from  winter  quarters. 
By  the  time  the  apple  orchards  arc  white  with  bloom,  the  swallows, 
song  sparrows  and  other  winged  visitors  have  built  their  nests  and  are 
raising  their  families.  In  the  barnyard  chickens  are  cracking  their 
shells.  At  the  Zoo  animal  mothers  are  guarding  their  young  and 
Father  Deer's  antlers  have  dropped  off  before  the  arrival  of  thfe  fawns. 
May  finds  tlie   azaleas,   rhododendrons,   and   momitain   laurel   in  bloom. 

When  spring  merges  into  summer  daisies  and  warm  winds  herald 
the  change.  The  wild  babies  of  tlie  spring  have  struck  out  for  tlieni- 
selves.  The  bees  are  gathering  honey.  Father  Deer's  new  horns,  soft 
and  covered  with  a  velvety  sheathing,  are  now  growing  rapidly;  the 
Mother  Deers  are  caring  for  their  fawns.  In  .Tune  caterpillars  and 
various  ilestructive  insects  appear,  but  the  dignified  toad  keeps  the 
balance  in  favor  of  plant  life,  and  the  bat  chases  noxious  niglit  insects. 
Summer  is  the  season  of  wonderful  cloud  effects,  of  "heat  lightning" 
and  of  thunderstorms.  After  the  rain  cascades  are  renewed  and  trout 
play  in  the  freshened  brooks.  Only  the  beaver  is  disturbed,  for  a 
wa.sliout  necessitates  the  repairing  of  his  house.  At  the  Zpo  the  polar 
bear  survives  the  heat  by  plunging  in  bis  bathing  pool. 

Then  comes  a  day  when  the  goldenrod  hangs  out  yellow  banners  of 
Autumn's  vanguard.  The  improvident  grasshopper  is  nearing  the  end 
of  his  gaiety.  'J'he  caterpillar  spins  his  cocoon.  Bees  on  the  asters 
gather  the  last  of  their  winter's  store  of  honey.  Beavers  lay  in  their 
supplies.  Mother  Rattlesnake  returns  with  her  young  to  her  hibernating 
rocks.  Forests  turn  gold  and  red.  Sometimes  a  storm  liastens  the  de- 
nuding of  the  trees. 

The  por<'upine  is  growing  wool  under  his  quills;  the  rabbit  turns  a 
protective  white;  the  woodchuck  retires  to  his  hole.  Suddenly  Father 
Deer's  antlers  harden  and  the  velvety  covering  drops  off.  Wind  clouds 
bring  winter's  cold.  Ice  and  snow  follow.  The  jiolar  bear  and  the 
buffalo  sniff  the  cold  air  and  face  tlu'  icy  bla.st  with  pleasure.  Investiga- 
tion of  the  woodchiick's  hole  reveals  him  sleeping,  scarcely  animate. 
Noi.se  will  not  awaken  him.  liut  indoors  warmtli  coiivincc's  him  spring 
has  come.  Wild  fowl  at  the  /oo  take  the  snowdrifts  i)hilosopliically. 
The  autumn-iipun  cocoon  hangs  on  an  icy  branch.  Tlie  marsh,  hu.shed 
beneath  its  icy  sheathing,  .slcejis  unconscious  of  its  recurrent  mission 
as  harbinger  of  sjiring.  'J'hus  from  year  to  year  our  world  travels  the 
I.ane  of  Kternity. 

The  Four  tieaoona  is  of  general  appeal:  suitable  alike  for  the  schmil- 
rooin,  the  community  center,  and  tlu^  church  midweek  program. 
The  Four  Seanons.     L>i8tribute<l  by  Kineto.     i  reels. 


NEW  KLEINE  SUBJECTS 

C*VjO\UiV.  KI^KINK  announces  that  in  ad<lition  to  his  film  classics 
^-'  Hparliii-uii,  Juliug  (Uie.aar,  /Intoni/  and  Cleopatra,  Quo  Vadii,  The 
ImiiI  J>iii:i<  rif  I'ovipeii.  Othello,  Lion  of  Venire,  (inil  Vavitji  Fair,  luj 
has  the  story  of  ili-len  Keller  in  l/eliv/iranre.  On  November  first  he 
will  have  ready  for  distribution  I'iUjrim's  I'rogreas  in   four  part.s. 


'HOME-KEEPING    HEARTS" 

A  T  the  critical  hour  of  his  daughter's  birth,  Robert  Colton,  i 
diver,  is  driven,  through  anxiety,  to  seek  solace  in  his  gre 
est    enemy,   drink.     This   eventuates   in   his    dismissal    from   h 
diving  company  in  disgrace,  and  his  subsequent  commitment 
slate  prison  on  circumstantial  evidence  of  a  murder  he  did  i: 
commit.     His  wife  succumbs  to  the  tragedy.     His  little  daugh 
Mary  grows  up  in  the  care  of  Tead,  a  distant  relative,  whci 
crooked  practices  make  him  a  menace  to  community  welfare.! 

As  chairman  of  the  local  school  committee,  Tead  misappj 
priates  the  school  funds,  risking  the  lives  of  the  children  al 
teacher  in  a  school  house  far  gone  from  lack  of  repair.  He  owt 
a  creamery  and  underpays  the  farmers  for  milk.  Upon  thi* 
attempt  to  organize  against  him,  he  bargains  with  a  dishon'j 
milk  inspector  to  condemn  and  kill  the  local  herds.  j 

Robert,  pardoned  after  ten  years'  imprisonment,  comes  i 
ihe  scene  at  the  height  of  Tead's  power.  He  joins  the  scho- 
mis:ress  and  his  daughter  in  a  campaign  for  honest  school  £- 
ministration  and  forces  Tead  to  attempt  a  break  with  the  d- 
honest  milk  inspector.  In  retaliation  the  inspector  shuts  Tel 
in  a  vat  in  the  creamery,  from  which  he  is  rescued  by  Rober 

Tead  reforms  and  puts  Robert  in  charge  of  the  creamer. 
Seconded  by  Mary,  Robert  urges  the  little  schoolmistress  b 
stay  wi:h  them  "till  the  cows  come  home."  Thus  three  ho: 
keeping  hearts  find  sunshine  after  storm. 

This  film  is  pre-eminently  a  non-theatrical,  recreational  pict 
with  cons.ructive  appeal  to  a  wide  range  of  interests  includi 
village  school   politics,   temperance,   and   anti-tobacco   crusad 
Occasional  melodramatic  moments  are,  for  the  most  part,  hand  1 
with  restraint,  al  hough  the  pursuit  of  the  little  girl  by  the  m; 
inspector  might  well  be  shortened  when  children  are  to  see  t! 
picture.    The  scenes  of  drinking,  essential  to  the  moral  lesson 
the  film,  are  treated  with  reserve.     The  photography  is  superii 
The  work  of  little  Mildred  Ryan  as  Mary  has  that  charm  of  ah  j 
lute  naturalness  which  will  appeal  to  all  beholders. 

Home-Keeping  Hearts.     Distributed  by  Patlip.     S   reels. 

9  9  ' 
"HATS  OFF!" 
\  RECENT  useful  addition  to  the  films  which  are  sui;a 
for  patriotic  Americanization  programs  is  Hats  Off: 
Story  of  the  Flag.  Aimed  to  teach  respect  for  Americ  i 
principles  as  symbolized  in  the  flag,  this  film  pictures  a  you  : 
lad's  careless  indifference  toward  the  national  emblem  as 
passes  at  the  head  of  a  parade.  His  schoolmate  taunts 
with  disloyahy  and  the  boy  is  shamed  in'.o  reading  Ameri? 
history.  Falling  asleep,  he  dreams  of  those  historic  episo< 
which  have  crystallized  the  national  spirit  and  established 
honor.  In  his  dream  Uncle  Sam  leads  him  to  Betsy  Roi 
house  where  he  witnesses  the  making  of  the  first  flag;  to  1 
ba'.tlefields  of  the  Revolution  and  of  the  Civil  War;  to  Linc( 
with  ihis  concept  of  national  unity;  to  San  Juan  Hill  and  Roo 
velt;  to  the  sacrificial  fields  of  France  where  America  fouj 
that  liberty  might  not  perish  from  the  earth. 

Upon  awakening,  the  erstwhile  careless  boy  is  athrili  vr. 
patriotism,  and  ready  to  .salute  even  the  tiniest  of  American  fli 
which  he  sees. 

Hats  Off  I     Society  for   Viiiual   Education.    1   reel. 

14 


"PATHE  SCREEN  STUDIES" 

Muable   Biological   and   Botanical   Classroom   Material — Pathe   Educational    De- 
partment Supplies  Teacher's  Aid  Leaflet  with  Each  Film 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

NDER  this  simple  title  a  valuable  group  of  instructional  films  is  placed 
within  reach  of  the  teaching  world  and  the  initial  releases  are  already 

_  meeting  with  the  enthusiastic  support  of  leading  educators.  An 
enormous  amount  of  high-grade  film  material  has  been  drawn  upoii 
I  this  series,  making  the  resultant  reels  second  to  none  in  photography  and 
fture-value.     The  pedagogical  treatment  is  of  the  soundest. 

rhe  series  falls  into  several  groups.  Animal  life  is  represented  by  rodents 
VeV  Rabbit  and  His  Pals);  ruminants  (Our  Four-Footed  Helpers)  and 
.■■imal  Camouflage.  As  far  as  possible  the  animals  in  these  films  are 
*wn  in  their  natural  surroundings  or  doing  the  useful  work  for  which  man 
»indeb:ed  to  them.  Some  remarkable  views  have  been  secured,  notably  the 
s'rts  of  thousands  of  deer  plunging  into  the  icy  waters  of  a  Northern  Euro- 
fin  Fjord,  stemming  the  current  and  following  the  herdsman's  boat  to  the 
(posite  shore.  Fishes,  crustaceans  and  invertebrates  are  studied  in  two  in- 
tsely  interesting  reels:  Molluscs  and  a  reel  divided  between  the  Crayfish  and 
b  Stickleback,  the  fish  that  builds  a  nest.  Birds  of  Prey,  their  peculiarities 
(  wing  structure  and  their  habits,  features  the  kestrel  eagle,  and  other  fiesh- 
fing  birds.  Felling  Forest  Giants  is  an  excellent  exposition  of  the  skill  and 
Irdihood  required  in  the  lumbering  industry.     Athletic  Movements  Analyzed 

•  ers  slow  motion  studies  in  many  of  the  familiar  forms  of  physical  training 
il  athletic  sports.  This  is  a  two-reel  subject,  each  reel  of  which  may  be 
Uid  alone.  Yosemile — Valley  of  Enchantment  stresses  geography,  nature 
■dy,  Americanization  and  literature,  being  titled  in  part  from  the  works  of 

in  Burroughs,  John  Muir,  Henry  Vandyke,  and  others. 

Newest  Releases 

Vovember  releases  in  this  series  include:  Ants:  Nature's  Craftsmen,  a  par- 
fjlarly  fine  s'.udy  involving  micro-cinematography;  Mealtime  in  Birdland  for 
I  rents  and  Babies,  with  fascinating  titles  and  scenes  of  especial   appeal   to 

all  children.     Life  History  of  the  Mosquito,  The  Honey  Bee,  and  Wading 

•  ds  are  among  the  subjects  soon  to  be  released. 

i  In  addition  to  the  pegagogic  and  entertainment  value  of  this  series,  i'.s 
hieral  spirit  is  excellently  constructive.  Both  the  choice  of  shots  and  a 
■  tain  geniality  of  form  which  characterizes  the  titles  pique  the  child's  friendly 

erest  in  unusual  and  little-known  creatures,  heighten  his  sense  of  friendship 
1  ■  the  kindly  beasts  that  serve  him  and  for  the  birds,  his  singing  comrades. 

fact,  these  pictures  carry  on  the  ideas  for  which  John  Burroughs  lived  and 

rked. 


A  WINOED  BEAUTY      »«om    'insects' 


i: 


Valuable  Teachers'  Aid 

The  conception  and  development  of  this  series  is  the  work  of 
Charles  Howard  Mills,  director  of  the  Pathe  educational  depart- 
ment, whose  long  experience  with  films  in  the  classroom  has  bred 
an  enthusiasm  reflected  in  his  work.  Mr.  Mills  has  prepared  as 
teachers'  aids  leaflets  containing  the  titles  exactly  as  they  appear 
in  the  films;  questions  prepared  according  to  the  most  modern 
pedagogy;  additional  informative  material  which  aids  the  teacher 
in  elaborating  upon  the  subject  under  discussion;  a  list  of  sources, 
references,  etc.  The  aid  is  sent  the  teacher  when  the  film  is 
booked.  Leaflets  on  the  following  subjects  are  now  ready: 
Hre'r  Rabbit  and  His  Pals,  Yosemite,  Animal  Camouflage,  and 
Molluscs.  A  circular  of  general  suggestions  concerning  methods 
of  teaching  with  films  is  also  furnished.  These  suggestions  in  de- 
tail follow: 

Co.MPi.ETE  Title  Sheets  . 

TIm;  teacher  should  have  on  hand  well  in  advance  complete  Title 
sheets  of  the  subject  which  is  to  be  projected. 

^'AI,UE   Depexoent  Upon   Method 

The  educational  value  to  be  derived  depends  very  j?reatly  upon  the 
method  of  presenting  the  subject  with  the  film.  The  film  is  not  to  take 
the  place  of  the  teacher,  or  stucU/  of  text  hooks,  or  research,  or  good' 
hard  -work  on  the  fart  of  the  students.  From  teachers  of  considerable 
successful  experience  in  teaching  with  films  come  the  following  sugges- 
tions: 

Advance  Study 

It  is  of  vital  importance  that  the  subject  should  be  thoroughly  studied 
in  advance  of  the  projection.     Naturally  the  sources  of  information  will' 
be  as  follows: 

1.  The   titles. 

2.  Additional  information  given  in  "The  Teachers'  Aid." 

3.  References  given   and  other  outside   sources. 

I..  It  is  strongly  advisable  vvhen  possible,  that  the  film  be  viewed  in 
advance  by  the  teacher. 

Research — Assignment — Exhibits 

"The  Teachers'  Aid"  put  out  with  each  film  is  by  no  means  complete. 
It  is  suggestive  only.  Therefore,  of  course,  it  is  up  to  the  people  teach- 
ing these  subjects  to  work  out  their  own  material.  It  has  been  found 
very  helpful  to  make  special  assignments  to  individual  pupils  to  bring  in 
reports  on  special  points  in  tlie  subjects.  Do  not  overlook  the  great 
advantage  of  other  visual  aids  such  as  the  "still"  pictures  and  little 
exhibits. 

'  DisTEiiiuTE   Responsihility   for    Each    Film 

Several  schools  used  to  splendid  advantage  the  plan  of  making  one 
teacher  responsible  for  tlie  material  on  and  teaching  of,  one  film.  For 
instance — suppose  there  are  three  films.  A,  B  and  C,  that  are  desired 
to  be  shown  on  a  certain  day  to  four  or  five  classes.  One  teacher  will 
take  in  hand  only  Film  A.  This  one  teadier  will  visit  all  classes,  con- 
cerning that  one  suliject.  She  will  assign  researcli  matter  and  outline 
preliminary  study  on  it;  and  perhaps  conduct  talks  and  discussions 
on  the  subject  before  projection.  A  different  teacher  will  take  B, 
and  a  third,  C. 

Pbojectioit 

Almost  needless  to  remark,  be  positive  that  all  physical  conditions  that 
have  to  do  with  showing  the  pictures  are  as  nearly  perfect  as  possible. 


By  all  means  accompany  the  actual  showing  of  the  film  with  liellu 
supplementary  remarks,  (never  though,  while  a  title  is  on  the  se?i 
unless  reading  the  title  aloud.)  Talking  with  the  film  can  be  nil 
especially  valuable  on  the  condition  that  the  teacher  lias  seen  the  ju 
in  advance.  J 

If  there  is  thne  and  practicable,  a  subject  could  be  run  twice,  ifji 
program  is  not  too  long.  | 

Slides 

If  practicable,  that  is,  if  your  projection  machine  is  equipped  fo|il 
or  if  you  have  an  additional  steropticon,  it  is  exceedingly  helpfid  tos 
slides  on  the  subject  at  the  same  time.  But  don't  intersperse  them  rti 
the  steady  rim  of  the  scenes  in  the  film  unless  it  can  be  done 
smoothly  without  inconvenient  hitches,  waits  and  shifts. 
The  Follow-Up 

No  part  of  the  lesson  can  be  made  of  greater  real  lasting  value  'jii 
the  follow-up  work,  after  projection.  The  discussions,  the  questips 
the  tests,  the  essays,  the  further  study  and  research  inspired — al>o 
this    is    what    counts. 

■n        ■) 

THE  LIFE  HISTORY  OF  ROBIN  REDBREAST 

THOSE  scientists  and  educators  who  are  under  the  impts 
sion  that  Charles  F.  Herm,  producer  of  the  marvelous  h.r 
and  blood  film  and  other  biological  motion  picturesji 
merely  a  cold  scientific  investigator  with  his  eyes  usually  gl?( 
to  the  microscope,  will  have  a  pleasant  awakening  when  XH 
see  Master  Robin  Hood,  The  Life  History  of  Robin  Redbrei 
For  here  is  a  picture  as  far  removed  from  the  typical  techni  1, 
pedagogical  film  as  can  be  imagined,  and  yet  it  contains  uscjI 
information  concerning  the  robin,  her  eggs,  her  offspring,  ,)d 
shows  the  care  necessary  in  their  upbringing. 

Instead  of  making  this  film  along  the  lines  customarily  jl- 
lowed  in  the  production  of  natural  history  subjects,  the  prodti 
has  turned  to  the  narrative  form  and,  be  it  said,  with  singui 
felicity  and   success.     His   little  boy   tells  the  story:     How 
nest  containing  four  robin's  eggs  was  discovered  in  a  tree  rii 
the  house;  how  the  cat  killed  the  mother  robin  and  how  Cha^i 
buried  her  in  the  garden;   how  the  eggs  were  placed  in  an 
cuba'or  and  the  little  robins  hatched  out;  how  Charlie  and 
mother  fed  worms  to  the  little  ones  and  how  they  thrived ;    i 
how  the  young  robins,  now  almost  grown  full  size,  have  becci 
great  pets  of  the  household  and  make  no  attempt  to  fly  away, 
It  is  a  pretty  picture  with  human  interest  and  a  sympathi 
note  which  are  certain  to  strike  a  responsive  chord  not  onl)  i 
the  hear;s  of  children  but  all  grown-ups  who  love  birds  and  tl  i 
ways.     While  the   film  is   of   a  popular  character   it  does  ]  j 
fail  to  make  the  viewer  familiar  with  some  biological  facts  qi 
cerning  this  interesting  member  of  the  bird  family.     Some  of 
most  instructive  scenes   show   the  mother   robin   sitting  on 


rlli;   Inrth  of  n  robin.    In  the  dim  the  crncklntc  of  the  egf  i»  follnwed 
tf     he   HqnIriTihiff  nn<l   w»'tKflrMn(r   o'   the   new-born    blnl    hi    his   efforts 
to  net  hinuieif  free.     From  Mauler  Hohln  Hood. 


"A  ■  SECX)ND  after  the  l)aby  robin  has  escaped  from  his  prison  shell  he 
'^  Is  seen  openlnit  wide  his  larite  mouth,  for  air  or  food  or  both.  These 
scenes  were  flimed   tlirouKli  the  (tlass  of  the    Incubator 


lest.  the  birth  of  the  robin  as  he  cracks  the  egg  laterally  and 
Vrisgles  out,  and  the  wide  hungry  mouth  of  the  new-born  bird  as 

p  swallows  one  earthworm  after  another. 

,    Master  Robin  Hood.    Distributed  by  Charles  F.  Herm,  Inc.,  880  West  42nd 
I  itrect,  New  York  City.    2  reels. 

"NO   WOMAN  KNOWS " 

r^THY  the  producer  of  this  photoplay,  which  is  based  upon 
YY'  the  well-known  story  of  Edna  Ferber  entitled  "Fanny 
Herself,"  should  have  felt  called  upon  to  adopt  this  rather 
uaiiingless  title  nobody  knows.  At  all  events,  it  is  no  index  to 
[  tie  superb  spirit  of  self-sacrifice  which  permeates  the  picture  from 
leginning  to  end.  The  mother  works  and  grieves  herself  to  death 
.ith  true  Spartan  sportsmanship,  and  the  daughter — the  cele- 
rait'd  Fanny  of  Miss  Ferber's  humanlike  tales — goes  to  work  for 
'  big  mail  order  house  in  Chicago  and  slaves  for  the  same  pur- 
lOse.  And  for  what?  To  keep  in  funds  a  weak  brother  who  was 
ent  to  study  the  violin  in  Dresden  and  married  an  extravagant 
iennan  wife  whose  demand  for  money  was  insatiate. 

Despite  a  few  inconsistencies  in  characterization  the  economic, 

oniestic,  and  moral  values  of  the  film  remain  undimmed.    There 

-  an  obvious  message  here  for  both  selfish  children  and  mothers 

nd    sisters    who    are    inclined    to    overindulge    their    sons    and 

^.■rothers.     In  the  end  Fanny  obtains  for  herself  some  of  that 

!  appiness  which  she  and  her  mother  so  vainly  sought  to  bestow 

'pen  the  spineless  talented  expatriate,  but  only  at  the  cost  of 

luch   mental   suffering   and   under   the   protecting   arm    of   her 

Childhood  playmate,  now  a  strong  successful  man,  whom  she  had 

I 'hided  with  the  remark,  "You  shake  hands  like  a  girl." 

.  The  titles   are   clever  enough  to  have  been   written  by   Miss 

erl)er  herself.     One  or  two  minor  cuts  may  suggest  themselves  to 

ery  cautious  viewers,  but  on  the  whole  the  story  is  too  cleanly 

nd  compactly  told  to  warrant  much  of  this.     For  church,  com- 

hunity,  welfare,  and  industrial  programs  this  picture  will  serve 

dmirably. 

i;    Xo    IVoman  Knows.     Produced  by   Universal.     6    reels. 

V  WW 

NEW    "NATIONAL   NON-THEATRICAL"    RELEASES 

piIE  Levey  Biological  Series  consists  of  films  imported  from  France, 
*■  titles  carefully  translated  and  adapted  to  American  school  use. 
;ach  is  one  reel  in  length.  The  following  subjects,  obtainable  in  both 
iegular  and  narrow  ("safety  standard")  widths,  are  now  ready  for  dis- 
fibution: 

The  Larf/e  White  or  Cabbage  Butterfly;  The  Microscope  and  Some 
f  itn  Uses — The  Marine  Plankton:  Aquatic  Life,  including  echlnoder- 
.lata,  Crustacea,  and  fish;  Field  Flowers,  including  ground  ivy,  chick- 
eed,  fumatory,  ground-sel  and  dead-nettles;  The  Blue  Bottle  Fly. 

The  following  one-reel   Peters'  Text  Films  are  also  released: 

The  Races  of  Mankind,  including  the  four  main  sub-divisions;  The 
apiinese  Empire — Its  industries,  social  life,  temples  and  shrines;  The 
'hilippine  Islands,  featuring  typical  industries;  Wheat  Raising  in  the 
'acific  Northwest,  and  The  Whaling  Industry,  featuring  the  products, 
arm  a  split  reel;  The  Sugar  /iif/«j(fri/r— how  and  where  sugar  cane  is 
rown,  how  it  is  shipped  and  packed. 

The  American  Historical  series  includes:  Aboriginal  Inhabitants, 
liff-dwellers  and  Indians;  Irrigation  in  the  Southwest  treats  of  the 
."onomic  value  of  irrigation  as  facilitated  by  the  great  Roosevelt  Dam 
nd  the  resultant  cultivation  of  Sea  Island  and  Eg.vptian  cotton; 
oology — Mammals  features  the  wild  animals  of  Africa. 

Movies  emphasizing  the  message  of  "Safety  First"  were  shown  in  every 
uhlie  school  and  in  many  of  the  Sunday  schools  of  Chicago  during  the 
No  .Occident — Xo  Fire  Week,"  October  8  to  14,  as  part  of  the  cam- 
aign  of  the  safety  council  of  the  Association  of  Commerce. 

Motion  pictures  of  the  growth  and  cultivation  of  manila  and  sisal  fibres 
jnd  the  manufacturing  process  of  twine  and  rope  were  exhibited  October 
I  ^t  the  Grand  Opera  House,  Galveston,  Texas,  through  the  courtesy  of 
1  le  Plymouth  Cordage  Company  which  had  the  film  produced,  with  scenes- 

1  the  Philippines,  Mexico,  and  the  manufacturing  plant  at  North  Ply- 

inuth,  Massachusetts. 


INDUSTRIAL 


Industrial  Films  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 

BROOKLYN  IN  THE  MOVIES 

"VVTITHIN  a  few  weeks  patrons  of  the  mo'ion  picture  theaters 
of  Brooklyn  will  see  the  first  of  the  series  of  short  sub- 
jects illustrating  the  importance  of  Brooklyn  as  an  industrial 
and  commercial  center.  The  films  will  be  part  of  the  pictorial 
news  reel  presented  at  the  theaters  of  the  Loew,  Fox,  Schwartz, 
and  Keith  circuits,  also  many  of  the  smaller  houses.  There 
will  be  ten  releases,  one  a  week,  each  depicting  one  of  Brooklyn's 
principal  industries,  such  as  shoe  manufacturing,  shipping,  metal 
trades,  and  others,  and  will  also  advertise  the  Brooklyn  Manu- 
facturers' Industrial  Exposition,  January  9  to  16.  The  pro- 
duction of  the  films  will  be  under  the  direct  control  of  a 
committee  of  the  Brooklyn  Chamber  of  Commerce  who  will  also 
produce  one-reel  pictures  of  the  his'ory  of  Brooklyn  and  its 
industrial   interests  to   be  shown   at  the  exposition   in   January. 

W  W 
MOVIES  AT  NATIONAL  BUSINESS  SHOW 
THHE  motion  pictures  exhibited  at  the  National  Business  Show, 
October  17  to  22,  in  New  York  City  were  The  Lightning 
Calculator,  a  one  reel  industrial-educational,  and  Speeding  Up 
the  World's  Work  which  shows  modern  industrial  methods  in 
contrast  to  old,  both  loaned  by  the  Burroughs  Adding  Machine 
Company;  and  Hustling  for  the  Hundred  Club,  a  lesson  in  sales- 
manship, loaned  by  the  Addressograph  Company. 


INDUSTRIAL   FILM    NOTES 

OUT  Of  The  Rock  is  a  three-reel  picture  exhibited  by  the  Raybestos 
Company,  Bridgeport,  Connecticut,  to  dealers  and  salesmen,  to  in- 
struct them  in  sources  of  supply  and  manufacturing  processes.  The 
first  reel  shows  the  mining  of  asbestos,  the  immense  open  pit  mines  of 
Canada,  where  the  rock  is  blasted  from  the  face  of  the  quarry.  The 
second  reel  depicts  the  fabrication  of  Raybestos,  spinning  the  silky 
mineral  fibers  into  asbestos  yarn  with  fine  wire  reinforcement.  The 
third  reel  sliows  brake  lining  and  a  selling  demonstration.  The  film  was 
produced  by  Rothacker  Film  Manufacturing  Compan}',  Chicago. 

At  a  recent  auction  sale  of  real  estate  at  the  Tremont  Temple,  Bos- 
ton, motion  pictures  of  the  property  offered  for  sale  were  exhibited  to 
the  prosj)ective  buyers. 

Gravity  irrigation  was  shown  in  motion  pictures  to  the  citizens  of 
towns  of  the  lower  Rio  Grande  Valley  in  Master  Minds  Of  America, 
which  is  devoted  to  a  number  of  the  great  irrigation  projects  which 
have  been  engineered  by  the  United  States  Reclamation  Service.  Scenes 
in  the  Rio  Grande  ^'alley  and  statistics  on  the  present  gravity  project 
are  also  being  given  as  part  of  the  campaign  for  the  valley. 

Putting  Georgia's  Streams  to  Work  is  the  title  of  a  new  picture  dis- 
tributed by  Southern  Enterprises,  Inc.,  and  shows  how  many  streams 
of  the  state  have  been  harnessed  to  provide  electrical  power  in  local 
territory. 

The  Magic  Touch,  a  short  drama  told  in  500  feet  of  film,  shows  many 
uses  for  the  Star  Vibrator  and  is  exhibited  in  windows  of  drug  stores 
to  stimulate  sales.  A  transparent  gelatine  screen  and  a  portable  pro- 
jector are  sent  with  the  picture  to  the  local  dealer.  The  film  was  pro- 
duced by  the  William  J.  Ganz  Co.,  New  York. 

The  congestion  of  freight  in  the  port  of  New  York,  its  effect  upon 
the  cost  of  food,  and  the  solution  of  the  harbor  problem  as  proposed 
in  the  report  of  the  New  York-New  Jersey  Port  and  Harbor  Develop- 
ment Commission  have  been  visualized  in  motion  pictures.  Across  a 
map  of  the  New  York  harbor  district  railroads  draw  themselves  in 
swiftly  moving  dotted  lines.  Then  an  airplane  survey  of  the  congested 
freight  yard  terminals  follows.  Across  a  map  of  the  harbor  various 
ferry  routes  appear  in  miraculous  dotted  lines,  and  suddenly  one  watches 
from  the  sky  actual  freight  cars  loaded  onto  lighters  ploughing  slowly 
across  the  river.  The  film  was  produced  by  the  Eastern  Film  Corpora- 
tion, New  York. 

w   w 

The  industries  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  are  said  to  be  using  films  for  trade 
promotion  more  successfully  than  any  other  industrial  center  in  the 
United  States.  .    [ 


17 


PROGRAMS 


Hy    Madei,   G.    Foster 

PRE-CHRISTMAS   PROGRAM— ADULT   GROUPS 

THE  WHITE  Sn.EN'CE— F«mo«.«   (Burton  Holmes)  1  reel 

Scenic   illustratinjj  Whittier's   "Snowbound." 
CHRISTMAS  GREETINGS— (?o/<te)/n    (Ford)  1   reel 

Some  bachelors  decide  to  play  Santa  Claus  to  poor  children. 

CHRISTMAS  PROGRAM— LITTLE  CHILDREN 
ANIMALS  IN  WINTER — Educational  Film  Kxchancjes,  Inc.       y^  reel 
A  herd  of  large  deer  in  a  field  of  snow  suggests  the  Christ- 
mas season.     Other  animals  are  shown   frolicking  in  a  snow 
stem. 
'TWAS  THE  NIGHT  BEFORE  CHRISTMAS— B«««/er  Edu- 

catiov.al  Film  Co.  1  reel 

A  story  of  little  folks  and  the  night  of  Santa's  visit. 
THE  DREAM  DOIA.—Tnternntimwl  Church  Film  Corp.  3  reels 

Doll  life  in  a  toy  shop  acted  by  dolls. 

CHRISTMAS  PROGRAM— GENERAL  RECREATIONAL 

THE  ALCHEMY  OF  WINTER— Fomtm*   (Post)  1   reel 

Beautiful  scenery  under  winter's  snowy  spell. 
WHAT'S  YOl'R  HVnKY?—Famou.i  5  reels 

Featuring  Wallace  Ueid  in  a  lively  automobile  story  of  the 

winter  season. 

AMERICANIZATION  PROGRAM 
FATHER      KNICKERBOCKER'S      CHILDREN— ^m«ricn«, 

Red  Cross  1  reel 

A  glimpse  into  the  lives  of  the  children  who  pour  into  New 

York   from  every  land. 
ONE  MAN  IN  A'yiUAAON— Robertson-Cole  6  reels 

George  Beban  in  an  unrivalled  portrayal  of  the  best  type  of 

Italian-American. 

GENERAL  RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM 

ROOF  OF  AMERICA— Prisma  1  reel 

The  beauties  of  the  Continental  Divide  in  northern  Montana. 

BETTY   BE   GOOD— Ira  L.  Hicks  and  Co.,  Inc.  5  reels 

804  South  Wabash  Ave.,  Chicago. 
Betty  whose  father  is  a  price-fixer,  and  the  Mayor's  son  who  is 
playing  role  of  policeman,  unite  successfully  in  welfare  work. 

THE'aNTS  and  the  GRASSHOPPER— P«;Ae'  1/2  reel 

Aesop's  fal)le  in  amusing  cartoon  form. 

GENERAL  RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM 
DOWN  IN  DIXIE— Kineto  1  reel 

Cumberland    Gap;    industries    in    the   warm   portions   of   the 

south;  life  on  the  Mississippi. 
A  CUMBERLAND  ROMANCE— Red^irt  5  reels 

Mary  Miles  M inter  in  the  story  of  a  young  mountain  girl. 
DIXIE — Educational  Film  Exchanijes,  Inc.  1  reel 

The  story  of  how  "Dixie"  was  written  and  compo.sed. 

INSTRUCTIONAL-RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM 

PATHE  REVIEM'  NO.  sa—l'athi  1    reel 

Includes    Getting    Out    The    News;    Four-footed    enemies; 

Juggling  (slow  motion) ;  Scenic:  The  Matterhorn  in  Path6- 

color. 
THE  BEST  VALl'E  IN  THE  \;OiUJD— Worcester  Film  Corp     1    reel 

Detailed  processes  of  gathering  news  and  printing  and  dis- 
tributing newspapers. 
NO  S'TO\l\—Vita<jrnph  2  reels 

An  O.  Henry  story  of  newspaper  life  with  an  unforpetable 

message. 

INDUSTRIAL-RECREATIONAL  PROGR;*  M 
A  VISIT    10  THE   PETRIFIED   FORESTS  OF   AKI/.ONA 

— y.  M.  C.  A.  1     reel 

Prehistoric  forests  spared  the  woodman's  axe. 
THE  LUMBER  INDUSTRY— Fi^zpa/rirA:  and  McKlroij  (Ford)    1    red 

The  arduous,  dangerous  and  thrilling  life  of  the  lumber  jack. 
THE  V.  THAT  VANISHED— Fo<A<!  2  reels 

A  Holman  Day  story  of  the  Maine  Iiuiibcr  camps  and  a  back 

woods  problem. 
MUTT  AND  JEFF:  COW   PUNCHERS- /-'"j-  i/,    red 

As  graduates  of  a  course   in  cow|)unching  taken   from   cor- 

resjMmdcnce  scIkm)!,  the  comic  pair  furiiisli  incrrinient. 


HAVE  YOU  A  FILM  LIBRARY? 

Vou  can  liare  immedlnte  shipment  on  hundreds  of  single  reel  subjects. 

A    splendid    motion    picture    Aim    library    for    you    at    minimum    cost. 

History  Science  Agriculture 

Geography  Industrials  Scenics 

Perfect  condition  guaranteed.    $13.00  per  subject. 

Write   for  catalogue  and  full  particulart 

FITZPATRICK  &  McELROY 
202  So.  State  St.  Chicago,  Illinoi«. 


Urban 


Popular 
Classics 


INCLUDING: 

Kinrto  Reviews 

Charles    Urban's    Movie 
Chats 

Great  American  Authors 

The  Animal  Kingdom 

Adventures    of  "Roving 
Thomas" 

Byways  of  Travel 

Science  at  Home 

-and  many  other  series. 

AH  have  been  compiled  and  edited  by 
Mr.  Urban.  Every  subject  is  prepared 
in  one-reel  lengths.  More  than  300 
reels  are  now  available;  each  week 
marks  the  completion  of  five  new  reels. 


Write  for  detttUt. 

KINETO    CO.  OF   AMERICA 

INCORPORATIO 


1 


71  W.  23rd  St. 


Pruidenc 


NEW  YORK 


To  entertain  and  amuse  is  go»J 
To  do  both  and  in$trucl  is  btttttf 


Tell  the  advertiser  you  read  hi$  ad  in  Educational  Film  Maoazink — it  meant  better  service  for  you 

18 


FILM  INTRODUCTION  TO  SERMON 

(Continued    from    page    9) 

imotion  picture,  in  the  popular  attitude  toward 
jit  merely  as  a  "show,"  or  as  a  novel  method 
[permitting  the  relaxing  of  the  customary  atti- 
Itude  of  reverence  and  worshipfulness.  The 
preacher  must  guard  this  vigilantly  and  so  con- 
duct his  service  that  even  the  gamin  from  the 
streets  will  feel  the  difference  between  this 
and  the  "show." 

Real  Function  of  the  Film  in  the  Pulpit 

Dr.   Kelley  has  demonstrated  that  the  real 
function  of  the  film  in  the  pulpit  is  not  to  fur- 
nish  the  sermon,  but  its  introduction,  its  text 
an   absolutely  new   discovery  in   the   use  of 
j'lhe  film.     The  film  sermon,  without  the  human, 
personal    presence    and    appeal    of    the    living 
preacher  is  apt  to  miss  the  mark.     Its  extend- 
ed   reels    merely   stir    the   superficial   emotions 
ami  fail  to  touch  tlie  heart,  the  mind,  the  will. 
I'.very  book  on  homiletics  dwells  lengthily  on 
the  importance  of  an  interesting  and  vivid  in- 
ttroduction.     What   more   striking   introduction 
il  be  imagined  tlian  the  action,  tlie  story  and 
and  denouement  of  a  properly  edited  and 
'produced   film?     The   single   reel   films   dealing 
'witli  various  Bible  subjects,  now  produced  by 
company  at  least,  afford  precisely  the  kind 
I    1  motion  picture  text  which  is  necessary. 
The  most  difficult  point  in  the  whole  problem 
,of  this  use  of  tlie  film  as  the  introduction  to  tlie 
■real  message  lies  in   tlie  moment  of  transition 
I  screen  and  darkness  to  the  speaking,  visi- 
preacher   himself.     The   test  of  his   ability 
to  use  the  film  comes  here.     Success  or  failure 
depends  on  his  opening  sentence.      This   must 
carry  on   the  thought   whicli   the  last  flash   of 
the   screen    leaves    with    his    audience.      If    his 
opening  words   fail   to   do  tliis   the  evening   is 
Host. 

A  fine  illustration  of  the  skillful  use  of  this 
i>pi  ning  sentence  is  that  in  connection  with  tlie 
story  of  Elijah  and  the  Shunamite  woman's 
child.  The  last  scene  on  the  screen  is  the 
prophet  restoring  the  lad,  made  alive  again,  to 
his  mother.  With  the  flashing  on  the  lights 
Dr.  Kelley  begins: 

"I'm  sorry  the  picture  stops  there;  aren't 
ijrou?  I  wonder  where  she  went,  what  she  did, 
where  the  boy  went  and  what  he  did,  whether 
he  turned  out  to  be  worth  all  it  cost  to  bring 
him  here,  to  keep  him  here!" 

Another    follows    tlie    graphic    screen    story 
based   on   the   text   "Whosoever   loseth   his   life 
shall  find  it."     The  film  is  a  simple  treatment 
of  this  great  theme.     A  young  doctor  is  seek- 
ing to  discover  a  serum  for  the  sleeping  sick- 
ness.    He  is  called  by  telegram  to  Washington 
where  his  serum  is  to  be  tested  in  competition 
t  with  another.      But,  on  the  day  appointed,  an 
epidemic  of  this  disease  breaks  out  in  his  com- 
1  munity  and  among  others  the  girl  he  loves  is 
I  stricken.     He  is  torn  between  duty  and  ambi- 
!  tion.     His  fortune  and   fame  depend  upon  his 
;  being  in  Washington.     His  duty  and  love  Iwld 
!  him  at  home.     The   latter   wins.     He   remains 
at  home   and  by  his   discovery  stays  the   pro- 
gress of  the  disease,  saves  the  girl  he  loves,  but 
loses  his  chance.      However,   in   the   ending  of 
,  the  film  it  is  discovered  that  the  other  serum 
has  ])roven  a   failure  and  the  girl  he  hoped  to 
« in  awakens  to  a  rare  affection  for  him,  so  hav- 

Tell  tke  advertiser  yo" 


ing  lost  he  really  wins.     The  introduction  fol- 
lowing this  gripping  story  is  as  follows: 

"Is  this  what  the  scripture  means  this  girl 
is  reading,  that  whosoever  loseth  his  life,  for 
Christ's  sake,  shall  find  it?  But  this  thing  the 
young  doctor  did  was  so  commonplace.  There 
are  no  halos,  no  crowns  of  laurel  twined  about 
tlie  brows  here.  Yes  there  are.  These  are  just 
the  kind  of  brows  time  crowns  with  immor- 
tality." 

Film   and   Sermon   Coordinate 

The  film  must  produce  the  impression,  but 
the  sermon  produces  the  conception.  It  is  this 
organizing,  this  fusing  of  the  emotional  im- 
pressions the  screen  story  has  produced  which 
lirings  the  motion  picture  to  its  maximum  of 
possibility.  The  message  is  not  a  side  issue, 
a  sop  to  the  prejudices  which  demand  some- 
thing, though  it  be  but  a  word,  in  the  form  of 
the  traditional  sermon.  The  sermon,  under  this 
conception  of  the  use  of  the  motion  picture, 
seizes  the  impressions  the  picture  has  already 
liroduced  in  the  minds  of  the  congregation  and 
skillfully  uses  them  to  make  tlie  listener  ar- 
rive at  the  conclusion  of  the  preacher.  No  finer 
homiletics  can  be  found  than  this.  If  Dr. 
Kelley  can  do  it  others  can.  Tlie  time  will  come 
when  the  teacher  of  homiletics  in  the  seminary 
will  teach  the  preachers  of  the  future  how  to 
do  this  thing  and  the  method  will  be  as  familiar 
to  the  church-goer  of  tomorrow  as  our  firstlys, 
secondlys  and  thirdlys  of  yesterday. 

Not  a  moment  must  be  lost  between  the  last 
flash  of  the  picture  and  the  opening  words  of 
the  speaker.  The  end  of  the  picture  and  the 
turning  on  of  the  auditorium  lights  must  be 
simultaneous.  The  screen  must  remain  where  it 
is.  The  slightest  movement  or  distraction 
will  lose  the  vital  transition  which  the  preacher 
must  make  in  this  single  moment. 
(Continued  on  page  20) 


•  AVAILABLE  FOR  FREE  DISTRIBUTION 
'•The  Making  of  Soap,"  an  educational  film 
furnished  in  standard  or  narrow  gauge  In 
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320    WRIGLEY    BI_DC3. 


.»»-IOME     DOUQUAS   5033- 
INDUSTRIALS.  COUCATIONALS   AND    NEWS    ASSIGNMENTS, 


Sargent's    Handbook   of 
ASIERICAN    PBIV.4TE    SCHOOLS 

An  Annual  Suri-ey  and  Review  describing 
I'RIVATE  SCHOOLS  of  all  clagsiflcations 
and  SUMMER  CAMP  for  Boys  and  Girls. 

A  Compendium  for  Educators. 

A  Guide  Book  for  Parents,  supplying  inti- 
mate information,  which  makes  possible  a 
discriminating  choice. 

Comparative  Tables  give  the  relative  Cost, 
Size,  Age,  Special  Features,  etc. 

Introductory  Chapters  review  interesting 
developments  of  the  year  in  education. 

Education   Service  Bureau   will   be   glad   to 
advise    and    write    you    intimately    about 
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6  mos.     2.50     Catalog     S  mos.     1.25 

$3.00       Total  $1.60 

Mail  vour  Check  or  money  order  NOW 
EdautioBal  Fihi,  191  Moalwoe  St.  Broeklya,  N.Y. 


MOTION  PICTURE  USERS 


Schools,  Churches,  Institu- 
tions, Manufacturers  and  other 
non-theatrical    users,    contem- 
plating the  purchase  of  motion 
picture    machines    and    films, 
should    obtain    a    booklet    of 
valuable  information  which  Is 
supplied  without  coat  by 
The  Associated  Uanatactnrers 
of  Safety  Standard  Films  and 
Projectors 
Suite  1418,  440  4th  Avenna 
New  York  City 


MANY  NEW 
RELEASES 

for 
Fall  and  Winter  Bookings 
including 

ten  1-reel  religious  subjects 
made  by 
our  own  studio, 
ten  Juvenile  subjects 
Churches,  Schools, 

Y.  M.  C.  A.s 
or  Institutions 
never  worry  about  their 
pictures  when  they  get 
films  from  us — 
The  Leading  Non-Theatrical 

Exchange 
of  the  country. 

/Religious  films  for 
Sunday  night  show- 
ings. 


We 
have 


educational  films  for 
class  room  work. 

/Good,  clean  character- 
building  ontertain- 
ment  films  for  all 
occasions. 


THE  NEW  ERA  FILMS 

21  E.  7th  St.,  3405  Olive  St., 

Chicago,  111.  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

602  Youngerman  Bldg., 

Dea  Moines,  Iowa 


read  hit  ad  in  Educational  Film  Macaiine — it  meant  belter  service  for  you 


THE  FILM  AS  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  SERMON 


Such  use  of  the  film  is  not  an  easy  substitute 
for  brain  sweat  in  the  study.  The  cheapest 
thing  in  the  service  is  the  film.  It  must  never 
be  forgotten  that  it  is  not  a  substitute  for  the 
sermon,  not  a  mere  pleasing  presentation.  Its 
duty  is  as  fixed  as  the  customary  text  and  in- 
troduction. The  man  who  uses  it  successfully 
will  put  as  much  into  his  spoken  message  which 
follows  as  into  any  sermon  he  ever  preached 
and  the  message  which  is  given  in  this  way  and 
which  makes  this  use  of  the  film  justifies  to  the 
most  rabid  opponent  of  the  new  method.  The 
president  of  the  local  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
liimself  a  Presbyterian,  attended  several  of 
these  motion  picture  sermons  in  Troy  and  ex- 
pressed his  own,  carefully  arrived  at  opinion 
that  sermons  like  these  could  not  fail  of  deep 


(Continued  from  page  19) 
impression,  that  they  had  so  Impressed  him. 

"GoonA   Pici'UHE.     God  Lika  Dat!" 

It  is  this  impression  the  pictures  themselves 
make  in  such  an  atmosphere  and  with  such  a 
method  which  emphasizes  tlie  fact  that  a  new 
type  of  preaching  has  arrived.  One  Sunday 
evening  the  story  of  the  Good  Shepherd  was  the 
subject  of  the  screen.  A  young  Italian,  not  six 
months  in  this  country,  was  present  and  the 
next  morning  sought  out  the  preacher.  He 
could  scarcely  make  himself  understood  in  his 
broken  English  but  his  visit  was  in  connection 
with  the  picture  the  night  before.  "Gooda  pic- 
ture. God  lika  dat !"  was  his  comment.  It  was 
at  the  showing  of  this  same  picture  that  little 
Dominic,   a   typical   street   gamin,   asked,   with 


eyes  filled  with  excitement — "Any  flghtin'?  any 
shootin'?  'r  murderin'?"  Here  the  cheap  movie 
was  showing  all  its  evil  effects  upon  the  im- 
pressionable life  of  childhood ;  but  that  the  same 
medium  may  be  used  to  press  home  lessons  of 
truth  with  equal  vividness  came  later,  when, 
following  a  scene  where  the  Shepherd,  drawing 
his  great  sheath  knife,  had  driven  off  the  rob- 
bers and  defended  liis  flock  witli  his  life,  the 
selfsame  gamin,  looking  up  into  the  eyes  of  the 
pastor's  wife,  said:  "Miss  Kelley,  does  God 
have  to  kill  folks  like  that  sometimes  to  take 
care  of  us?"  When  tlie  picture  can  be  used  to 
produce  impressions  like  tliese  it  has  answered 
the  question  with  which  we  begin — "is  it  pos- 
sible to  use  the  movie  successfully  in  a  religious 
service?" 


FLASHES  ON  THE 

WORLD'S     SCREEN 


The  Y,  M.  C.  A..  Peoria,  III.,  has 
been  giving  movie  shows  everj 
Thursday  and  Saturday  nights.  Spe- 
cial music  is  provided. 


Fox  Farm,  I.ake  City,  Minn.,  said 
to  be  the  largest  silver  fox  farm  In 
the  United  States,  has  been  filmed. 
Several  hundred  of  these  beautiful 
animals  are  seen  in  the  picture. 


liecent  programs  at  the  Presby- 
terian Qiurch,  Fenton,  Mich.,  in- 
cluded "The  Deemster,"  "The  Dream 
i)(i  J."  "Sins  of  the  World,"  and  a 
Ford  Educational. 


"Deception"  was  screened  in  the 
ballroom  of  The  Hotel  Drake,  Chi- 
cago, for  the  benefit  of  the  Service 
League  for  the  Handicapped. 

•  * 

Free  motion  pictures  are  furnished 
by  Lewis,  Iowa,  merchants  as  an 
inducement  to  farmers  living  near 
there  to  come  to  Lewis  to  do  their 
trading.  The  pictures  are  shown  in 
the  town  park  on  weekday  nights. 

•  * 

Wireless  music  and  a  wireless 
speech  by  Governor  Dorsey  of  Geor- 
gia aceompjinied  the  movie  sho-jv  on 
the  lawn  of  Thurston  Hatcher's 
home  in  Deeatur.  Georgia,  on  a  re- 
cent Saturday  evening. 

•  « 

Free  open  air  movies  for  eliildren 
were  given  this  past  summer  at  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  community 
center,  Lawrence  street,  Philadel- 
phia, by  Ucv.  M.  E.  Levit.  The 
8how  ran  from  0  until  10:30  every 
erenloK. 

•  • 

"Layers  and  Liars,"  a  one-rceler 
demonstrating  the  culling  process 
and  the  care  of  poultry,  and  "The 
Man  from  Painted  Post"  were  on  the 
program  of  the  county  fair  at  Mari- 
etta, Ind.,  recently. 

•  * 

The  local  Red  Cross  chapter 
showed  health  fllmg  and  a  milk- 
drlnklng  mechanical  doll  at  the  In- 
(liiotrlfll  exposition  In  South  Bend, 
Ind. 


Dr.  B.  V.  RImore,  health  commls- 
filoner.  showed  two  veneral  disease 
films  to  young  men  at  the  First 
Methodist  Church.  Rome,  Ga.  These 
are  the  pictures  used  by  the  T'nited 
States   army. 


FILMS  FOR  SALE 

Motion  Picture  Suppliett 
HENRY  BOLLMAN 

FILM      MBRARV      HKRVICK 

67  W.  44tli  Ht.  New  York 


STATEMENT  OF  THE  OWNER- 
SHIP, MANAGEMENT,  CIRCULA- 
TION, ETC.,  required  by  the  Act 
of  Congress  of  August  24,  1912,  of 
EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE, 
published  monthly  at  White  Plains, 
N.   Y.,  for  October  1,   1921. 

STATE    OF    NEW    YORK  ) 
COUNTY    OF    KINGS  J  ^s. 

Before  me,  a  Notary  Public  in  and 
for  the  State  and  County  aforesaid, 
personally  appeared  Dolph  Eastman, 
who,  having  been  duly  sworn  ac- 
cording to  law,  deposes  and  says 
that  he  Is  the  editor  of  the  EDUCA- 
TION.AL  FILM  MAGAZINE  and  the 
following  is,  to  the  best  of  his 
knowledge  and  belief,  a  true  state- 
ment of  the  ownership,  manage- 
ment, etc.,  of  the  aforesaid  publi- 
cation for  the  date  shown  in  the 
above  caption,  required  by  the  Act 
of  August  24,  1912,  embodied  in  sec- 
tion 443,  Postal  Laws  and  Regula- 
tions, printed  on  the  reverse  of  this 
form,    to    wit : 

1.  That  the  names  and  the  ad- 
dresses of  the  publisher,  editor, 
managing  editor,  and  business  man- 
agers are:  Publisher,  Non-Theatri- 
cal Film  Publishers,  Inc.,  189  Mon- 
tague Street.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.:  edi 
tor,  Dolph  Eastman,  189  Montague 
Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  managing 
editor,  none;  business  managers, 
none. 

2.  That  the  owners  are:  Dolph 
Eastman,  189  Montague  Street, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  Charles  Urban,  71 
West  23rd   Street,  New  York,   N.   Y. 

3.  That  the  known  bondholders, 
mortgagees,  and  other  security 
holders  owning  or  holding  1  per  cent 
or  more  of  total  amount  of  bonds, 
mortgages,  or  other  securities  are : 
None. 

4.  That  the  two  paragraphs  next 
above,  giving  the  names  of  the 
owners,  stockholders,  and  security 
holders,  If  any,  contain  not  only  the 
list  of  stockholders  and  security 
holders  as  they  appear  upon  the 
books  of  the  company  but  also,  in 
cases  where  the  stockholder  or  se- 
curity holder  appears  upon  the  books 
of  the  company  as  trustee  or  in  any 
other  fiduciary  relation,  the  name  of 
the  person  or  corporation  for  whom 
such  trustee  Is  acting.  Is  given;  also 
that  the  said  two  paragraphs  con- 
tain statements  embracing  affiant's 
full  knowledge  and  belief  as  to  the 
circumstances  and  conditions  under 
which  stockholders  and  secuity  hold- 
ers who  do  not  appear  upon  the 
books  of  the  company  as  trustees, 
hold  stock  and  securities  in  a  ca- 
pacity other  than  that  of  a  bona 
fide  owner;  and  this  affiant  has  no 
reason  to  believe  that  any  other 
person,  association,  or  corporation 
has  any  Interest  In  the  said  stock, 
bonds,  or  other  securities  than  as  so 
stated  by  him. 

DOLPH  EASTMAN. 

Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before 
me  this  4th   day  of  October,  1021. 

WILLIAM  J.  McPHILLIAMY. 
Notary    Public,    Kings    Co. 

Mv    commission    expires    March    30, 
'll«3. 


WHY  STRAIN  YOUR  EYES? 

Why  spend  a  little  fortune  on  a  projection  machine  and 
then  refuse  yourself  the  benefits  of  a  good  lens  which 
should  go  with  it? 

Siamor  and  Planior  Projection  and 
Camera   Lenses 

give  clear  and  sharp  pictures.  Cost  less  than  headache 
powders.     Ask  for  particulars. 

M.  H.  SCHOENBAUM 

220  West  42nd   Street  New  York 


'il 


THE  DISTRIBUTION 

of  special  purpose  films  depends  on 

SKILLFUL  PRODUCTION 

We  have  our  own 

STUDIOS 

DIRECTORS 

PHOTOGRAPHERS 

SCENARIO  WRITERS 

PORTABLE  APPARATUS 

PROJECTION  ROOMS 

and  fifteen  years'  experience  in  every  phase  of  the 
motion  picture  industry. 

To  prove  that  our  pictures  get  distribution,  write  to 
National  Board  of  Fire  Underwriters,  76  William 
Street,  New  York  City,  and  ask  them  about  "THE 
DANGER  THAT  NEVER  SLEEPS,"  now  being  dis- 
tributed by  the  Universal  Film  Exchanges,  Inc.  We 
can  do  the  same  for  you. 

THE  EASTERN  FILM  CORP. 

220  West  42nd  Street  New  York  City 


TtU  the  advertittr  you  read  hit  ad  in  Educationai.  Film  Maoaiink— <t  meani  better  ierviee  for  vou 

SO 


What  Subscribers  Say 

About 

Educational  Film 

Magazine: 

I  need  not  tell  you  tlint  I  have 
hmg  heen  a  roadtr  of  your  pe- 
riodical, Educational  Film  Mao- 
i/iNE.  If  more  srhool  principal* 
tiid  teachers  rcaltiieM  tli**  rN. -op- 
tional inf(»nnn'i<tn  and  Ih*''  val- 
uable Sii?-'  ■  ;  fis  on  vi.-^u.tl  in- 
ptnictinn  wii'- 1  your  mjffuzine 
carries  ever\  ntonlh.  _  1  am  sure 
tliat  few  of  ti"'iu  would  bi*  v-'iUi- 
ont     it        T     V",>vv*    of    no    m^viiTitn 


ructioa,    iKutiki    ui    Educilioo    of 

he  Cily  of  Kew  York 

Subscribe     to     the 

EpTJCATIONAL 

itM    Ma(;az!nk- -it    is 

a  wunderful 

■urce    oi'    iD.-V'ir  it*  i:j 

ii)d    a    re^il 

rr-^lp.     I    am    htIi>' 

•llsliers 

'J    send    you    ■ 

^^v.      I 

-Oi-Uh'-f      l\n      V 

ror    a 

,1  dol- 

s.     Ex- 

..  .,,     .     .    ^ ^,.    .       . 

..„ I  Poly- 

rcciinic   instiiuie,    Auh 

im,    Ala. 

Enclosed  fltul  one  dollar  for  one 
vear'i  suh-oiipiiori  lo  Eoi-tAnoNAL 
Film  Magazixe.  Have  received  » 
■■-.imple  copy  wliich  impress«ji  me 
very  miicli.  and  I  believe  it  will 
ho  of  material  assistance  to  me 
■•1  my  work  of  usin^  the  film  in 
rviT  churcK  in  our  department  of 
'  ominunity  Service. — 'Kfc:v.  Row.  W. 
SiNNOTT,  4.'i50  No.  3«th  Street, 
Oma!ia.    Neb. 

Thank    you    very    much    fur    tlie 

rhi-ee  back  numliers  of  Educatkinai. 

V  iL.vc    Mifi.'.zi-NK.      They    woie    cer- 

fftinly    worth    writing    for.     .About 

He  first  mark  in  our  1932  I'alendar 

v\ill    Iv?    ir  the   proper  place:    "Re- 

ription     to     Eolx'a  noXAi, 

i.sK. — V.    G     Ff.RiaisoN. 

lool     Equijimcikt,     Ltd., 

'i  oroiito.    Canada. 

Edu' \T^oxAt  Fii  M  Maoa/.ine  Is 
-<■;  i  ■       "  in    the   develop- 

n  ;   kind  of  propn- 

g '.M  :  1    p§:;ture5    and    I 

am  aii.x.ou--  tj  help  you  in  any 
ptMsible  way.  I  am  having  «eiit 
to  you  a  list  of  flimi  which  we 
have  edih-rl  and  arc  reconimc'id ing 
ta  the  •■t,invliv'^.~ilKV.  C.  >:.  Mais- 
shall,  (cnlcli.ary  Conservation 
(<)niiaihee  Metliqidisl  fipisoopal 
tliurch.   New  York  fity. 


r  a-i. 
wiU  '- 
mag:! 
the  e)e» 


friends 

.-'  y.mr 

■    open 

liiM.   u)  le:im 


how  much  is  being  lione  already 
with  motion  pictures.  Will  yon 
kindly  enter  nij  order  tor  100 
copies  of  your  January  issue!-  1 
want  to  work  up  au  intcri^t  aincmg 
my  college  friends  for  the  use  of 
talking  piiUires— a  v:ihial)le  new 
tool  for  eiiuc.itors  that  ha.*  never 
existe<l  beio;e.-  Wu.i.iam  H.  Bhis- 
TOL,  Pre>iik-nt.  I'lie  Bri.sto!  Ctnn- 
pany,    Waterbury.    t'tuui. 

Tlie  held   i<  witne>.sins  some  real 

d'.  -:'( '^^  i'-  and  EoutATioN'Ai. 
f  -.i.sE    will    :ilways    hold 

a^  M,  ■  Mil  iil.aoe  in  a  very  im- 
portant tnovement.  .\KrjirK  E. 
CtjRTis,   Oncago.   111. 

I  am  writing  to  find  out  whether 
or  not  it  would  be  p«Ksit»le  to  -se- 
cure a  more  or  Ies.s  complete  tile 
of      F  oSAi.      Film      .Magazine 

f' V  ■  >;n  and  other  uses. — J. 
W.  ,->MtM!Kn.  Director  of  Visual 
Educaliuii.  I'uiversity  of  Oklahoma, 
Norman.    Okla. 

I  fear  that  my  subscription  baa 
expired  to  your  excellent  journal, 
or  that  it  is  lieing  mailed  to  me  at 
s<'"N-  former  atidre.ss.  I  would  be 
pi  -od  to  have  yon  'write  me 
S'-i,  [Hg  a  subscription  blank  in 
'■  i>c  my  .subscription  has  expired, 
'jgether  with  the  current  number. 
1  rin  not  wi.-h  to  break  the  tiles. 
RICE  Ko'KKH.  Assistant  Di- 
et Educilional  Work,  Bu- 
nt' the  Public  Health  Service. 
Wa>iiington,    D.    f. 


(  Cut  this  out  and  mail  TO  DAT) 


'//////yyy//yyj'y////////'///////////////////////////////f///f/y'/f'y///f//////^^'^'''^''/f'^''"'^'- 


HERE'S  MY  DOLLAR 

for  a  year's  subscription  to 
EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 


Here's  My  Five  Dollars 

for, a  year's  subscription  to  your 

Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and 
Information  Service 

Educational  Film  Magazine 

189  Montague  St.,  Brooklyn,  New  York 

NAME  

STREET  NO.  

CITY   It  STATE 


^^^^^y^^^^^^y-xx^^/-y-/y^x,v-xx../yx/-yy^,^y/y.yyy^/y,a<.'^^^^ 


What  Subscribers  Say 

A  bout 

Edcc.ational  Film 

Magazine's 

Loose-Leaf  Catalog   and 

Information  Service 


I   like  yonr 

ftrst  Loonm-hKAr  Vat- 

-\!  ■  ■- 

,-,  ..V.-...    l--.  :. 

:  ,-.  r 

<■   .1 

'wh.    The 

com- 

(!■ 

■rt.    it 
Ihp 

ara: 

K*ile.> 

i  i  IMII 

pictures  of 

able 

for     -v 

/ 

work. 

—A.    (K 

;l 

M  .      A  ^S  t 

.lUp  t 

of  Schools,   N 

P^'i 

rk. 

K.  J. 

As 

!"    r 

■      T'    -1 

M»o- 

1!     t^         :~ 

lh« 

n.     I 

SUlK 

SCi-ii'i 

'■>\   . -. 

.,,1 

I     i 

(M'^k-Lkak 

Cat- 

Al.'Xi 

(fiii    is'.- 

iiM 

".  1 1. 

N    SrbvI(  B  and 

I    em 

\osxi    cltt 

ck 

in 

-sanie. 

'or    I 

think  you  have  a  tine  idea  which 
can  be  made  very  hclpfui.  -IIkv. 
D.  Wilson  Hollingkr,  llelhanf 
Presbyterian  tliurcli,  Trenton, 
N.  J. 

Your  Loo.SK  Leaf  Cataioo  I  bar* 
been  so  anxious  lo  see  has  arrived 
in   the   moriiint;   mail.    "Ilow   do  I 


Tickled    Ui   dealt. 

diamun;' 


It  I* 

I!at 


like   it.-' 
small. 

like    .1 

it   cm 

be    v,f 

feel    sir:,;    »ii.i..    .;f    tli- 

future  J ou  will  h  i^e  ni'  n 

for   this    cat-'ilii!;    Ihan    )■  t 

present       anticitKitinir.        'i'liit,  ioi« 

ycju    may    ,.i!,'~h!,t    ihp    one    of    tb« 

lndisp,Tt.-.i6;.;     .:..-«     of     Ibis     (in« 

specimei-    m     )'■■■<     iib.Ms    nl't-ndy. 

You    liave    n-^i      -  -'l    cr  iti^-i-'i.-^       1 

have    iiiil.c    to   iii.iK--.    -O.    G.   SijVVIOl, 

Atlanta,    Oa. 

I   have   received   your  LootR-I^KAr 

t'ATAi'ii;  .-ind  lUak  that*  It  wi;!  be 
a  fcictt  ci>ii\ •- ■  ..'lice  and  help. — 
Ktv.  Sr.i.viv  K.  (.HUM,  Chi.n!la» 
Church,.  Winder,    fia. 

Vour  LooSI^-^':-■.^F  i'lTALOu  cer- 
tainly looks  like  a  very  va'n  ible 
rele^ci'ce  wnik.  McKay  .s  >  umI 
Equipment,   l.id..    li  loiiio,  C.tn.ida. 


,M 


EASTMAN  SAFETY 

FILM 

\ 

Portable  projection  in  the 
crowded  school,  the  packed 
church  or  office  or  hall  or 
lodge—and  yet  the  spectators 
are  safe--every  on|  of  them 
because  the  film  is  s^fe— every 
foot  of  it. 

Furnished  in  two  widths,  Professional 
Standard,  if  inches,  and  Safety  Stand- 
ard, i^  inches— Eastman  perforation. 

Identifiable  by  the  words  '-^ Eastman'^'* 
''Kodak''  "Safetf  "Film'''  stenciled 
on  the  film  margin. 

EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY 

ROC  HRSTI-.R,  N.  Y. 


DMPLJOATr 


EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 
MAGAZINE 

The  International  Authority  of  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 


Breaking  Ground  in  the  Field  of  Visual 

Instruction 

By  Wade  C.  Fowler  and  Joseph  J.  Weber 


National  Organization  to  Make  "Better  Movies 

a  Reality 


By  Mrs.  C.  A.  Britton 


Films  Must  Correlate  mth  Study  Courses 

By  Augustus  0.  Thomas 


of  Scientific   Motion  Pictures 
and  Life  Extension  Films 


To  You  Mr.  Educator- 


X  v_7  KJ  have  for  years  been  decrying  the  fact  that  you  could  not  obtain  properly  pro- 
duced and  strictly  educational  motion  pictures. 

W  J_J  have  agreed  and  do  agree  with  you  that  probably  ninety-nine  per  cent  of  the  sub- 
jects offered  to  you  are  made,  not  for  the  school,  but  to  entertain  theatre  audiences.  These  are 
reconstructed  in  a  make-shift  manner  in  an  attempt  to  get  the  last  dollar  out  of  them,  and 
presented  to  you  as  educational  films,  but  the  astonishing  part  of  all  this  theatrical  com- 
mercialism has  been 

X  \_/  kJ  have  supported  it,  but  probably  only  because  you  have  not  had  offered  to  you 
specially  constructed  and  strictly  educational  films,  built  for  your  purposes. 

\\  Pj  have  produced  such  a  series  and  you  have  previously  read  our  advertisement  in 
this  publication  telling  you  about  and  listing  our  subjects. 

X  \^  \j  know,  therefore,  that  the  kind  of  educational  films  you  have  been  talking 
about  actually  exist  in  the  following  list: 

1.  A  fascinating  film  story  of  3.  A  modern  fisli  hatcliery —  5.  Tlie  function  of  the  heart.  8.  The  blood  and  its  ingredients 
the  birth  and  life  history  the  development  of  the  yel-  g  j,^^^  course  of  blood  ®  dangers  that  threaten  the 
of  Robin  Red   Breast                 low  perch  in  hen's  eggs          "  throueh  heart  and  bodv  .„    5,**''*.   . 

2.  The  incubator  mother  and  4.  The  marvels  of  crystalliza-  »nrougn  neari  ana  ooay  j„  Eyesight  the  master-sense 
her  brood — the  develop-  tion,  the  formation  of  var-  7.  A  microscopical  view  of  11.  Optical  priciples  in  vision 
ment  of  the  chick  embryo        ious  crystals                               the  circulation  of  the  blood  12.  The  optical  defects  of  the  eye 

Prices  are  within  your  reach  at  .061/^  per  foot. 
Average  length  1000  to  1400  feet  per  subject.  - 

For  prompt  service  and  complete  details  communicate  with 


Charles  F.  Herm,  Inc. 


Candler  Building 
Suite  1603 


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Tell  Ike  advtrtiter  you  rewf  kit  ad  in  Edooational  Film  Maoaiuo— M  mean*  belter  tervio*  for  you 

2 


Established  January,  1919 


PUBLISHED  MONTHLY 


COVERINO  MOTION  PICTURES  IN  THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS: 


Agriciiltur*  Community  Oeography  Health  and  Sanitation     Pedagogy  Scenio 

Biography  Current  Events       History  Industry  Recreational  Science 

Civics  and   Qovemment         Cultural  Home  Economics  Juvenile  Religion  Sociology 

Drama  Fine  Arts  Literature  Natural  History  Technical 


Topical 


Travel 

Welfare 

Women 


Vol.  VI 


DECEMBER,  1921 


No.  6 


BOARD  OF  EDITORS 


DoLPH  Eastman, 

Mabel  G.  Foster,  Assistant  Editor    . 

{.  W.  Shepherd,  Associate  Professor  of  Education  and  Di- 
rector of  the  Department  of  Visual  Education,  University 
of  Oklahoma,  Chairman. 

M.  Terman,  Professor  of  Educational  Psychology,  Stan- 
ford Universty. 

^AVID  Snedden,  Professor  of  Educational  Sociology  and  Vo- 
cational Education,  Teachers'  College,  Columbia  University. 

A.  C.  Henmon,  Director  School  of  Education  and  Professor 
of  Education,  University  of  Wisconsin. 

William    A.    McCall,    Assistant    Professor    of    Education, 
Teachers'  College,  Columbia  University. 

5S  Charl  Ormond  Williams,  County  Superintendent, 
Shelby  County,  Tennessee,  and  President  of  the  National 
education  Association. 

5.  Josephine  Corliss  Preston,  State  Superintendent  of 
'ublic  Instruction,  Washington. 


Editor-in-Chief 

Leona  Block,  Industrial  Editor 

Miss  Mary  E.  Gearing,  Professor  of  Home  Economics  and 
Director  Home  Economics  Extension,  University  of  Texas. 

William  M.  Gregory,  Curator  of  the  Educational  Museum 
and  Professor  of  Education  in  the  Cleveland  School  of 
Education. 

Carl  C.  Taylor,  Professor  of  Sociology  and  Director  Depart- 
ment of  Rural  Life,  State  College  of  Agriculture  and  En- 
gineering, North  Carolina. 

James  A.  Moyer,  Director  of  University  Extension,  Massa- 
chusetts Department  of  Education. 

Dudley  Grant  Hays,  Assistant  Superintendent  of  Schools  and 
Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  Chicago,  111. 

William  S.  Taylor,  Assistant  Director  of  Teachers'  Bureau, 
Pennsylvania  Department  of  Public  Instruction. 

Mrs.  Woodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  Committee,  Com- 
munity Service  on  Motion  Pictures,  General  Federation  of 
Women's  Clubs. 


Note:  To  this  personnel  will  be  added,  as  soon  as  acceptances  are  received,  editorial  representatives  of  the  churches  and 
church  organizations,  social  welfare  organizations,  community  groups,  and  other  groups  whose  motion  picture  activities  should  be 
thus  represented. — Editor-IN-Chiej  . 


ARE  MOVIES  SUPERFICIAL? 

EVERY  little  while  some  educator,  clergyman,  libra- 
rian, or  other  learned  person  having  to  do  with 
the  training  of  youth  rises  to  remark  that  "the 
movies  are  shallow  and  superficial  and  tend  to 
make  the  child  and,  indeed,  the  adult  mentally  lazy."  Now 
comes  William  Heyliger,  the  librarian,  in  a  recent  news- 
paper article  in  which  he  writes  that  motion  pictures  de- 
stroy all  desire  for  reading.     Here  is  his  serious  charge: 

The  movie  is  moving  the  boy  away  from  good  literature 
.  .  .  Once  he  develops  the  movie  type  of  mind  he  will  be 
lost  to  good  books  forever.  The  repose  and  repression, 
the  atmosphere  and  background  that  are  part  of  all  good 
books,  will  bore  him.  .  .  . 


In  moving  pictures  the  boy  finds  nothing  that  calls  for  the 
exercise  of  his  mind.  Everything  is  stereotyped  and  com- 
monplace— reduced,  as  it  were,  to  the  A  B  C  of  entertain- 
ment .  .  .  Originality  of  design  and  of  expression  antago- 
nize him,  for  they  demand  that  he  leave  his  comfortable, 
lazy  groove  and  turn  his  back  upon  the  obvious.  He 
becomes,  in  a  sense,  mentally  sterile,  the  father  of  the 
mentally  sterile  man. 

Let  us  give  full  credit  to  the  writer  of  these  lines  for 
sincerity  and  freedom  from  bias,  subjecting  his  statements 
to  calm  analysis  in  the  light  of  child  psychology  and  re- 
plying to  them  in  the  same  spirit  of  toleration  and  honesty 
of  puipusc.     WU»f  Hn  we  find? 

Is  "Treasure  Island"  good  literature?  Are  "Huckle- 
berry Finn"  and  the  James  Whitcomb  Riley  stories  and 


poems?  Barrie's  "Sentimental  Tommy"  certainly  belongs 
in  the  foremost  rank.  Shall  we  deny  first  place  to  the 
famous  author  of  "The  Three  Musketeers?"  Coming 
back  to  our  own  land,  "Rebecca"  and  "Mrs.  Wiggs"  are 
as  surely  juvenile  classics  as  "Little  Lord  Fauntleroy"  of 
blessed  memory.  Mention  of  "Alice  in  Wonderland"  and 
other  celebrated  tales  of  Lewis  Carroll,  Charles  Kingsley, 
Louisa  Alcott,  and  noted  authors  of  adolescent  literature 
brings  us  into  gallant  company,  Mr.  Heyliger  must  admit. 
All  of  these  literary  classics  have  been  filmed,  with 
varying  success.  All  of  them  have  been  viewed  by  millions 
of  boys  and  girls,  with  what  result?  In  almost  every  in- 
stance, particularly  in  the  smaller  towns  ^nd  cities  and 
rural  communities,  libraries  report  an  increased  demand 
from  children  and  young  people  for  the  printed  books 
which  liave  been  picturized.  Several  book  publishers 
operate  in  close  harmony  with  photoplay  producers;  book 
dealers  and  libraries  make  what  is  called  a  "tie-up"  with 
the  local  theaters  where  the  pictures  are  exhibited;  and 
both  before  and  after  the  film  is  shown  there  is  a  "run"  on 
book  stores  and  libraries  for  copies  of  the  story,  provided 
the  elements  of  boy  and  girl  appeal  are  present.  These 
facts  may  be  easily  ascertained. 

Granted  this  widened  popularity  of  juvenile  fiction  as 
a  direct  sequence  of  its  visualization  and  taking  into  ac- 
coimt  certain  known  factors  of  child  psychology,  what  do 
we  find?  That  when  the  average  boy  or  girl  retun>s  to 
the  printed  tale  after  meeting  the  characters  and  scenes  on 
the  motion  picture  screen,  or  when  acquaintance  is  made 
with  such  characters  and  scenes  in  the  book  for  the  first 
time  after  seeing  the  film,  interest  is  enhanced  and  intensi- 
fied rather  than  lessened.  The  fxmdamentals  of  attention, 
interest,  suspense,  climax,  and  the  reflexes  leading  to  self- 
activity  of  mind  and  body  are  made  more  real,  not  less  so, 
through  the  cultivation  of  visual  impressions.  With  the 
child  as  with  the  grown-up,  after  he  sees  an  object  he  is 
more  curious,  not  less,  to  read  and  learn  all  about  it. 

Repose  and  repression  are  admirable  qualities,  whether 
found  in  fictional  characters  or  in  actual  life,  and  the  ulti- 
mate reflex-reaction  to  movement  or  excitement  is  in  the 
average,  normal  youth  or  adult  precisely  the  reverse  of  the 
latter.  Just  as  sound  sleep  follows  an  extreme  expendi- 
ture of  nervous  and  physical  energy,  so  quiet  and  repose 
follow  usually  in  the  wake  of  mental  and  emotional  ex- 
citation. Proof  of  this  may  be  observed  in  any  home  or 
community  where  both  the  action  and  reaction  are  whole- 
some, uplifting,  and  inspiring. 

The  case  is  altogether  diff'erent  U  .""ot  be  admitted, 
where  the  fdm  acting  upon  the  boy  or  girl  consciousness 
is  of  a  harmful  or  vicious  nature  or  where  the  lesson  or 


message  is  not  emphatically  helpful  to  the  child.  If  Mr. 
Heyliger  is  speaking  of  this  type  of  picture — and,  unhap- 
pily, there  are  still  too  many  such  which  impressionable 
children  are  permitted  to  see — his  argmnent  is  not  with- 
out soine  weight.  But  more  and  more  the  better  type  of 
juvenile  movie  is  being  brought  out  and  it  cannot  be  denied 
that  its  influence  encourages  rather  than  discourages  the 
love  and  absorption  of  the  better  type  of  juvenile  literature. 
This  favorable  reaction  has  invariably  followed  and  been 
evidenced  in  book  shops  and  libraries  immediately  prior 
and  subsequent  to  the  presentation  of  a  stage  play  founded 
upon  a  book  of  merit,  and  it  is  in  fact  much  more  the  case 
when  a  photoplay  is  involved. 


This  librarian  thinks  that  mental  sterility  and  lack  of 
originality  and  initiative  result  from  the  boy's  eager  gaze 
at  the  movies.  We  wonder  if  the  writer  of  this  article  was 
ever  a  real  boy  in  the  country,  with  a  real  boy's  eager  in- 
terest in  everything  that  moved  and  had  life.  The  circus,  I 
the  county  fair,  the  old  swimmin'  hole,  the  huntin'  or 
fishin'  jaunt,  fun  at  school,  doin'  chores,  helpin'  aroun'  the 
old  farm,  driving  with  dad  or  the  hired  man  to  the  village, 
playin'  with  the  animals  or  with  other  boys  and  girls — all 
these  things  are  akin  to  the  healthy  activities  he  observes  so 
intently  in  the  movies.  The  unhealthy  and  dangerous 
activities  sometimes  noted  on  the  screen  are  to  be  deplored, 
but  we  shall  assume  that  the  author  of  this  paper  is  refer- 
ring to  general  conditions.  Does  mental  sterility  or  fer- 
tility develop  in  such  a  boy  as  we  have  attempted  to 
describe — such  a  boy,  for  example,  as  Charles  Ray  por- 
trays in  The  Old  Swimmin  Hole?  It  is  a  well-known  fact 
that  activity  begets  activity,  and  the  seeds  of  thought  im- 
planted by  the  right  type  of  film  sprout  into  plants  of  sturdy 
growth.  On  the  other  side,  boys  and  girls  who  never  see 
a  movie  (we  hope  there  are  none)  and  whose  minds  are  fed 
wholly  on  aenemic  stories  and  verbose,  tiresome  descrip- 
tions are  far  more  apt  to  become  mentally  sterile  tlian  those 
whose  minds  are  stimulated  by  film  versions  of  literary 
masterpieces. 

Further  on  in  his  article  Mr.  Heyliger  .writes: 

.  .  .  The  moving  power  of  language  leaves  him  (the  boy) 
cold.  "Ivanhoe,"  like  every  other  great  book,  demands 
something  from  him,  and  he  is  not  equipped  to  give  it.  He 
cannot  supply  the  reader  cooperation  that  the  book  demands. 
The  movies  simply  asked  for  his  eyes,  never  for  his  intelli- 
gence. And  so  he  passes,  in  time,  completely  away  from 
the  field  of  books.  He  likes  his  meat  red  and  raw  and  drip- 
ping.    Heal  art  isn't  served  that  way. 

No,  real  art  isn't  served  that  way,  in  books  or  on  the 
stage  or  on  the  screen.  If  this  is  what  the  librarian  means 
by  "the  movie  type  of  mind"  we  have  no  quarrel  with  his 


remise  or  his  conclusion.  But  the  trouble  with  his  argu- 
lent  is  that  it  has  not  kept  pace  with  the  movement  for 
etter  pictures,  which  is  bringing  to  the  screen  not  merely 
hn  versions  of  classic  fairy  tales,  Aesop  and  LaFontaine, 
hakespeare  and  Dante  and  Milton  and  great  poets,  drama- 
jjsts,  and  authors,  but  original  screen  creations  of  a  dis- 
1  nctly  high  order.     Charles  Urban's  The  Four  Seasons  be- 

I  »ngs  to  this  latter  class.     His  argument  might  have  been 

I I  large  measure  effective  several  years  ago,  but  it  no 
f  tnger  carries  conviction. 

It  is  not  true  that  the  boy  who  sees  the  Booth  Tarkington 
dgar  stories  in  the  incomparable  films  which  Goldwyn 
I  is  produced  will  want  his  literary  "meat  red  and  raw  and 
i  ripping."  It  is  not  true  that  the  boy  who  sees  Huckle- 
'.Try  Finn  or  Treasure  Island  will  have  less  appreciation 
•r  Mark  Twain  or  Robert  Louis  Stevenson.  The  moving 
)\v(^r  of  Stevenson's  masterly  style,  his  chiselled  charac- 
rizations  and  vivid  narrative  will  weave  even  a  more 
bile  spell  over  the  mind  of  the  normal  boy  after  he  has 
itnessed  breathlessly  the  adventures,  the  wholesome 
rills,  tlie  just  penalties  and  retributions  of  the  Toumeur 
dure.  And  what  boy  or  girl  is  not  the  better  for  seeing 
aeterlinck's  Bluebird  upon  the  silver  sheet?  Will  not  he 
she,  turning  quite  naturally  to  the  original  source  of  the 
)n-,  feel  all  the  more  the  moving  power  of  the  master's 
n.  the  magic  of  his  mysticism  and  symbolism,  and  the 
auly  of  his  unquenchable  spirit? 

DoLPH  Eastman. 

WHY  OPTIENCE? 

%fT  E  observe  in  the  October  issue  of  our  western  contem- 
rV     porary  Moving  Picture  Age  that  the  editor  adopts 

lominently  and,  we  hope,  permanently,  the  use  of  the 
•rd  optience  which  first  appeared  publicly  in  the  columns 
this  magazine.  We  do  not  desire,  however,  to  take  unto 
rselves  full  credit  for  the  substitution  of  this  excellent 

'  ird  for  that  of  audience  which  has  no  sense  or  significance 
latsoever  when  used  to  designate  a  group  of  persons  who 
5  seeing,  not  hearing.  Credit  for  the  original  use  of 
tience  must,  so  far  as  we  are  aware,  go  to  Dr.  William 

''  Owen,  of  Washington,  D.  C,  who  first  suggested  the 
m  in  a  letter  to  the  editor  of  Educational  Film  Maga- 
lE.  We  submitted  the  matter  to  the  editor  of  the 
mdard  Dictionary  who  replied  tliat  he  saw  no  real  objec- 
a  to  its  adoption  and  use,  the  root  optire  being  just  as 
'-eptable  to  etymologists  as  the  root  audire,  both  being 
good  Latin  stock.     This  publication  thereupon  decided 

I :  to  employ  the  word  audience  where  oidy  the  seeing 
ulty  was  involved  in  a  group  of  viewers  or  spectators, 

i     where  hearing  as  well  as  seeing  was  concerned  to 

'  ploy  the  older  and  generally  accepted  term, 
-like  many  new  things  optience  may  seem  a  bit  awkward 
first,  but  it  is  after  all  the  sensible  word  to  employ. 


DRAMATIC  TECHNIC  IN  EDUCATIONAL  FILMS 
By  John  Randolph  Bray 

President  Bray  Productions,  Inc. 

WE  are  developing  a  special  "rhetoric"  for  educational 
pictures,  in  which  the  rules  of  dramatic  construction  are 
combined  with  the  fundamental  principles  of  education. 
By  way  of  illustration,  it  is  folly  to  attempt  to  explain  a  prin- 
ciple until  the  importance  of  the  principle  has  been  first 
established.  Then,  again,  it  is  bad  construction  to  bore  your 
optience  by  a  series  of  anti-climaxes  in  which  the  less  interesting 
explanations  follow  the  more  interesting  ones. 

For  example,  a  course  in  science  might  be  taught  in  a  scenario 
in  which  the  sequences — or  acts — were  arranged  as  follows: 
(1)  Importance  of  that  science,  showing  how  it  has  affected  all 
phases  of  modern  life,  with  actual  scenes  in  factories,  homes  and 
streets  all  over  the  world,  showing  its  universal  use;  (2)  a  short 
history  of  that  science,  either  acted  out  with  real  players  or  told 
with  animated  drawings;  (3)  explanation  of  the  basic  principle 
or  principles,  probably  told  in  animated  drawings  or  working 
models  with  slow  motion  or  fast  motion  effects;  (4)  final  explana- 
tion of  cause  and  effect — that  is,  how  the  basic  principle  causes  the 
machine  to  operate  (as  the  effect  of  electric  current  on  a  motor 
or  of  petrol  on  a  gasoline  engine) ;  (5)  practical  explanations  of 
the  operation  and  repair  of  the  machine  given  in  actual  photo- 
graphs, animated  drawings,  models  or  combinations  of  all  three, 
with  slow  motion  effects. 

Interest,  Suspense  and  Cumax 

The  first  sequence  establishes  the  importance  of  the  subject 
The  second  builds  up  what  dramatic  producers  call  "interest," 
and  corresponds  to  character  building  in  a  photoplay.  The  third 
explains  the  more  difficult  and  interesting  phases  of  the  subject  at 
the  outset*  Four  and  five  gradually  build  up  the  interest,  leaving 
the  part  in  which  the  pupil  is  most  interested — which  is  always 
the  practical  side  of  it — until  the  end,  thereby  holding  the  sus- 
pense until  the  climax. 

The  best  way  to  find  out  how  to  build  anything  is  to  reverse 
the  process  and  tear  it  to  pieces.  For  example,  in  order  to  invent 
a  machine  to  put  the  links  of  a  chain  together,  you  would  first 
invent  a  machine  to  take  them  apart.  And  this  is  the  way  we  plan 
our  experiments  in  education-film  technic. 

First  we  try  to  construct  a  motion  picture  which  makes  concen- 
tration impossible.  We  have  recently  made  one  such  film  which 
— though  seemingly  a  well  constructed  picture — distracts  the  at- 
tention of  the  optiencQ  to  such  an  extent  that  it  can  hardly  re- 
member what  it  has  seen.  Then,  by  analyzing  the  causes  of  this 
picture's  defects,  we  discover  exactly  how  it  should  be  made. 

Of  course  this  can  be  done  only  with  educatior^l  films.  Dra- 
matic producers  would  find  it  too  expensive  to  construct  their 
films  two  or  three  times.  They  could  not  afford  to  make  a  bad 
motion  picture  in  order  to  ascertain  the  principles  which  underly 
a  good  one.  And  for  that  reason  dramatic  producers  may  some 
day  have  to  come  to  us  to  borrow  our  knowledge  instead  of,  as  at 
present,  our  going  to  them  for  principles  of  construction. 


A  CORRECTION 

IN  tlie  article  "Biology  and  Geography  Film  Lessons  in  New  York 
Sctiools"  which  was  published  in  the  November  issue  of  this  mag- 
azine the  portion  headed  "Suggestions  to  Teachers"  apparently  emana- 
ted from  the  editorial  department  of  the  publication.  This  slwuld  have 
been  credited  to  the  Department  of  Lectures  and  Visual  Instruction 
of  the  New  York  City  Board  of  Education,  Ernest  L.  Crandall,  director; 
Miss  Rita  Hochheimer,  assistant  in  charge  of  visual  instruction. 


FILMS  MUST  CORRELATE  WITH  STUDY  COURSES 

By  Augustus  0.  Thomas 

state  Superintendent  of  Public  Schools,  Maine 


AT  present  the  schools  of  our  country  are  losing  one  of  the 
most  effective  methods  of  instruction  ever  produced. 
However,  it  is  not  altogether  the  fault  of  the  school.  The 
people  are  paying  what  seems  to  be  a  considerable  sum 
of  money  for  education  and  have  not  found  a  way  to  procure  the 
equipment  necessary  to  make  use  of  the  motion  picture  machine 
as  it  should  be. 

Many  schools  throughout  the  country  have  installed  projection 
machines  and  have  run  for  a  time,  but  finally  because  of  a  lack 
of  suitable  material,  properly  correlated  with  the  program  of 
studies,  it  gradually  lapses  into  disuse.  I  am  convinced  that  be- 
fore the  motion  picture  can  be  used  successfully  in  the  schools  a 
system  of  textbooks  must  be  provided  giving  the  proper  correla- 
tion of  themes  and  pictures  so  that  the  teacher  will  know  when 
to  use  them  and  where  the  material  can  be  found.  Besides  this 
the  school  building  must  be  equipped  properly  for  use.  Our  old 
buildings  make  the  fire  hazard  very  great  and  the  rooms  are  not 
properly  provided  for  day-time  study. 

Some  company  must  ultimately  provide  material  for  instruction 
and  properly  correlated  pictures  to  go  with  it.  Normal  schools 
and  teachers'  colleges  must  put  in  courses  of  study  and  instruction 
for  teachers  who  will  have  to  do  with  this  form  of  educational 
work.  The  course  of  study  should  include  matters  of  safety, 
the  use  of  the  machine,  the  different  standard  makes,  the  nature 
of  the  film,  how  it  is  produced,  how  preserved,  methods  of  dis 
tribution,  cost,  as  well  as  how  to  present  a  motion  picture  and 
make   it   effective   in  instruction. 

The  present  method  of  distribution  and  exhibition  of  motion 
pictures  coupled  with  the  light  themes  that  are  very  often  used, 
is  making  of  us  a  generation  of  superficial  thinkers.  A  person 
after  a  day's  work  can  sit  in  a  motion  picture  theater  and  watch 
the  films  without  a  thought  which  requires  effort.  The  mental 
effort  is  lighter  even  than  reading  a  light  book.  People  are  get- 
ting the  motion  picture  habit.  It  is  taking  them  away  from 
the  books  of  history,  science  and  standard  fiction. 

In   ten    years   our   reading   public   will   be   greatly    reduced. 


The  motion  picture  gives  in  one  evening  the  whole  plot  of] 
romance.  In  ninety-nine  cases  out  of  a  hundred  the  book  hi 
not  been  read  and  will  not  be  read,  and  the  many  modificatioi 
necessary  to  a  picture  story  may  change  materially  the  author 
conception  of  the  problem. 

It  is  said  that  the  motion  picture  public  will  not  stand  f( 
more  than  ten  to  fifteen  minutes  of  educational  films  in  £ 
evening.  They  demand  the  lighter  human  interest  story.  Tl 
motion  picture  is  generally  a  pastime.  It  leaves  little  of  vali 
to  the  average  observer.  The  title  is  not  perfected.  Long  titl 
are  hard  to  read.  Many  titles  which  are  thrown  upon  the  scret 
do  not  portray  the  full  significance. 

The  motion  picture  in  the  school  is  chiefly  to  inform,  not  mu( 
to  amuse  the  people.  Schools  are  not  supposed  to  be  given  ov 
to  too  light  material.  Motion  pictures  in  the  schools  shou 
not  be  irrelevant.  They  should  be  well  correlated  in  time  ai 
material  with  the  studies  of  the  regular  courses.  In  fact,  the 
should  be  definite  courses  of  motion  picture  instruction 
science,  art,  history,  literature,  agriculture,  industries,  minin 
orcharding  and  the  like. 

It  has  been  said  by  an  eminent  American  that  the  schools 
they  are  at  present  are  uninteresting,  uninviting.  This  is  n 
true.  Educators  have  for  a  generation  been  working  to  ma 
them  attractive.  The  Victrola  and  the  Edison  are  in  qu: 
general  use.  Books  are  being  made  as  attractively  as  publishe 
know  how  to  make  them.  Opportunities  are  being  provided  f 
pupils  to  develop  their  "long  suit"  so  to  speak.  Music,  a 
games,  etc.,  are  provided  very  generally. 

The  motion  picture  cannot,  however,  bring  all  we  lack.  T 
teachers  have  the  inclination  to  use  the  pictures  when  prop 
equipment  can  be  supplied.  But  no  matter  how  much  the  p 
ture  can  do  for  the  schools  there  must  still  be  good  hard  thinkir 
Pictures  have  their  place  in  education  and  they  ought  to  be  c 
veloped;  but  a  note  of  warning  is  necessary,  for  there  is  nothii 
in  all  creation  to  take  the  place  of  good  hard  work,  never  will 
and  never  should  be.  H 


FILM   INSTRUCTION   IS   HERE   TO    STAY 
By  T.  H.  Harris 

state  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Louisiana 

"W7E,  the  school  oEScials  and  teachers  of  Louisiana,  are  very 
much  interested  in  visual  instruction.  Our  high  schools  are 
installing  visual  instruction  equipment  as  rapidly  as  possible,  and 
some  of  the  parish  (county)  superintendents  have  arranged  to 
show  motion  pictures  in  their  country  schools. 

The  Louisiana  State  Normal  School,  at  Natchitoches,  is  taking 
a  very  active  interest  in  this  phase  of  education,  and  through  the 
efforts  of  a  member  of  the  normal  school  faculty,  L.  J.  Alleman, 
a  splendid  motion  picture  department  is  being  organized.  More 
than  a  hundred  valuable  reels  have  been  collected,  which  are  cir- 
culated constantly  among  the  high  schools  of  the  state. 

I  am  told  by  superintendents,  principals  and  teachers  that 
visual  instruction  is  proving  a  great  aid  in  many  of  the  school 
subjects. 

My  impression  is  that  visual  instruction  has  come  into  the 
schools  to  stay,  and  that  we  shall  appreciate  its  importance  more 
and  more  as  time  goes  on. 


TRUE  EDUCATIONAL  FILMS  ON  TEXTBOOK  LEVI 

By  J.  M.  McCoNNELL 

state  Commissioner  of  Education,  Minnesota 

'"INHERE   is   a   large   and   relatively   unoccupied   place   in  t' 

educational  field  for  the  motion  picture.     In  some  respec 

it  will  be  Hard  to  fill.     The  public  have  learned  to  be  enterta: 

by  the  motion  picture  and  are  willing  to  pay  fabulus  sumes 

the  service.    They  have  not  yet  shown  a  disposition  to  pay 

responding  amounts  to  be  instructed  by  it.     Hence,  the  ami 

ment  possibilities  have  been  developed  inordinately,  whilejj 

educational  phase  has  made  little  progress  . 

The  educational  film,  when  it  comes  into  general  use, 

come  at  high  initial  cost  and  will  stand  on  the  textbook  L 

It  should  be  as  accurate  as  to  fact,  and  will  be  compelled  to 

its  story  solely  for  instruction,  and  be  so  accepted.     For  a 

at  least,  the  educational  film  industry  may  not  serve  well 

Cod  and  mammon.  m,      nm 

Storkholders  of  the  Montana  I'liosplintc  Company  recently  saw  m«i 
))ictiires   of   operations    and    <levelopnient    of   the   company's    prope 
After  the  exhibition  to  western  stockholders  the  flhn  will  !«"  .shown  in  I 
east. 


BREAKING  GROUND  IN  THE  FIELD  OF  VISUAL  INSTRUCTION 

Detailed  Outline  of  the  Comprehensive  Course  Being  Studied  by 
Advanced  and  Graduate  Students  at  the  University  of  Kansas 

By  Wade  G.  Fowler  and  Joseph  J.  Weber 

EXPERIMENTAL  research  has  revealed  the  fact  that 
learning  can  be  increased  twenty-five  per  cent  or  more 
if  pictures  are  used  to  provide  a  basal  vicarious  ex- 
perience for  the  lesson  of  the  day.  With  this  proof  in 
and,  the  School  of  Education  in  the  University  of  Kansas  is 
Bfering  a  course  in  visual  instruction  to  its  advanced  and  grad- 
ate students.  The  course  is  being  worked  out  cooperatively  by 
le  instructor  and  various  student  committees.  A  detailed  plan 
,)r  the  semester  has  been  formulated,  based  upon  the  following 
)nsiderations: 

\  isual  instruction  should  not  be  called  a  new  movement  in 
iucation.     It  is  as  old  as  education  through  the  eye  itself;  and 
lany  of  the  so-called  visual  aids — models,  globes,  maps,  charts,        m. 
raphs,  diagrams — are  of  long  standing. 

With  the  invention  and  perfection  of  photography,  however, 
;  lere  have  come  into  existence  means  of  great  educational  possi- 
i  Jities.      They   are  the   still   picture,   the   motion    picture,   the 
ereograph,  and  the  lantern  slide.     Working  these  into  the  class- 
>om  is,  we  believe,  the  chief  concern  of  visual  instruction. 
We  may  summarize,  therefore,  by  saying:  The  core  of  visual 
iStruction  is  merely  the  common-sense  adaptation  of  the  products 
(  ^  photography  to  the  purposes  of  the  school. 
\   The  following  outline  is  published  with  the  fond  hope  that  it 
ill  serve.     Any  suggestions  for  revision  will  be  highly  appre- 
ated. 

A  CoimsE  IN  Visual  Instruction 

I.  History   and   Growth   of   Visual   Education. 

II.  Principles  of  Visual  Education. 

III.  Types  and  Sources  of  Visual  Aids. 

IV.  Administration  of  Visual  Aids. 
V.  Picture  Projection,   Problems  in 

VI.     Methods  of  Visual  Instruction. 
VII.     Research  in  Visual  Education. 
(Detailed  Outline) 

History  and  Growth  of  Visual  Education 
Principles  of  Visual  Education 
A.     Why  use  visual  aids 

1.  Primary  sources  of  knowledge 

2.  Comparison    of    visual    education    with    other    kinds 
of  education 

3.  Time   saving   element 

4.  Effectiveness  of  Visual  Aids 


IV. 


B. 

Factors  in  Visual  Aids 

1.  Stillness 

2.  Area 

3.  Depth 

4.  Projection 

5.  Motion 

6.  Aloneness 

7.  Groupness 

C. 

Pictorial  saturation  point 

D. 

Standards    for    judging    pictures 

E. 

Word-picture   balance 

F. 

Eye 

1.  Physiology   of,    defects,    functions 

2.  Binocular  vision  and  illusion  of  depth 

3.  Hygiene  of 

G. 

Emotional  effects  of  pictures 

H. 

Moral  value 

I. 

Mechanical    principles   involved   in   producing   visual   aids 

Types  and  Sources  of  Visual  Aids 

A. 

Types 

1.  Diagrammatic  aids 

2.  Still  pictures 

3.  Stereographs 

4.  Projected  stills 

5.  Projected  motion  pictures 

a.  Reality  photographed 

b.  Animated   drawings,   etc. 

6.  Models,  devices,  etc. 

7.  Museum  exhibits 

a.  Actual  specimen 

b.  Paintings 

c.  Sculpture 

B. 

Sources  of  visual  aids 

1.  Commercial  firms 

a.  Theatrical 

b.  Non-Theatrical 

2.  Industrial  concerns 

3.  United  States  Government  Departments 

4.  State  Extension  divisions 

5.  Museums 

6.  Home-made  visual  aids 

a.  Picture  collections 

b.  Re-edited  films 

c.  Original  productions 

7.  Field  trips  and  excursions 

Administration    of   Visual   Aids 

A. 

In  the  single  school 

1.  Circulation  of  visual  aids 

2.  Progress  of  classes 

B. 

For  the  school  system 

1.  Purchase  costs  of  visual  aids 

2.  Inspection,  criticism  and  classification  of  visual  aids 

3.  Organization  and  correlation  of  material 

4.  Distribution,  storage  and  circulation  of  aids 

5.  Programs  for  schools 

-.-7'-.yiW%^!l^iff-TJ.'ftAHr!--  -.-tlj* 


ua._' 


^  a  II 


^^mi'^-^M 


mmmimiim-'^ 


Administration  Building,  University  of  Kansas,  Lawtience,  Kansas 


C.  From  county  superintendent's  office 

1.  Costs 

2.  Rentals 

3.  Bookings  and  circulation 

D.  From  state  institutions 

1.  Bookings  and  routing  aid 

2.  Rental  charges 

8.  Film  and  library  service 

E.  From  the  United  States  Government 
V.     Picture  Projection,  Problems  in 

A.  General  Problems 

1.  Observance  of  fire  regulations 

2.  Use  of  electricity 

3.  Procuring  the  necessary  adjuncts 

a.  Booth  for  projector 

b.  Screens,  shades,  etc. 

c.  Store-rooms 

4.  Care  of  apparatus 

B.  Problems   in   projection   of  lantern   slide  pictures 

1.  Types  of  lanterns  used 

a.  Arc  lanterns 

b.  Electric  lamps 

c.  Reflectoscopes 

2.  Mounting  slides 

3.  Manipulation   and   care  of   slides 

C.  Problems  in  projection  of  moving  pictures 

1.  Types  of  projectors 

a.  Standard 

b.  Portable 

2.  Types  of  pictures 

a.  Standard  width  film 

b.  Narrow  width  films 

c.  Disc  prints 

3.  Mending  films 

4.  Threading   film    into   machine 

5.  Care  of  projector 

VI.    Methods  of  Visual  Instruction 

A.  Supervision  of  Visual  Instruction 

1.  Supervision  and  training  teachers  in  use  of  aids 

2.  Classroom  supervision 

B.  General  methods 

1.  How  to  use  still  pictures 

a.  How  many  at  a  time? 

b.  Before,  during  or  after  a  lesson? 

c.  Amount   and   nature  of  questioning 

d.  Pupil  response:  oral  and  written  work 

2.  How  to  use  the  stereograph 

a.  How  many  at  a  time? 

b.  Before,  during  or  after  a  lesson? 

c.  Circulation  of  stereographs  among  class 
d    Time,  questioning,  and  response 

3.  How   to   use  lantern   slides 

a.  Number,  time,  questioning  and   response 

b.  Methods  and  pupil  activity 

4.  How  to  use  motion  pictures 

a.  In   the   auditorium   or   assembly 

b.  In  the  class  room 

c.  Length  of  "shot,"  repetition,  etc. 

d.  Time  questioning  and  response 

5.  How  to  use  diagrammatic  aids 

a.  In  the  manner  of  the  still  picture 

b.  By   means  of  the   reflectoscope 

6.  How  to  use  models,  specimens  and  exhibits 

a.  Time,  accessibility,  etc. 

b.  How  to  make  some  of  them 

C.  Special  Methods  in 

1.  Social  sciences 

i».  Geography 

b.  History,  civics 

c.  and  related  subjects 

2.  Linguistic  studies 

a.  Language 

b.  and  related  subjects 

3.  Biological  sciences 

a.  Botany 

b.  Zoology 

c.  and   related  subjects  ' 

4.  Physical   sciences 

a.  Physics 

b.  Chemistry 

c.  and  related  subjects 
8.  Mathematics 

a.  Aritlimetic 

1).  Geometry,   etc. 

6.  Writing,  Drawing,  etc. 

7.  Hygiene,  health,  etc. 


VII.     Research  in  Visual  Education 

A.  Principles;   for  example — 

1.  Can  one  learn  with  less  experience  when  pictures 

used? 

2.  Is  the  motion  picture  more  effective  than  the  lanti 

slide  or  any  other  still  picture? 

3.  Can   the   abstract  thinker   get   as   great   gain   out 

visual  instruction  as  the  "thing  thinker?" 

4.  Does  visual  instruction  lielp  the  backward  child  m( 

than  the  superior  child?     How  much? 

B.  Studies  in  the  administration  of  visual  aids 

1.  What   is   the   best  way   to   develop   a   visual   aid 

partment  in  a  small  school? 

2.  Can  a  system  of  film  exchange  and  portable  machin 

be  operated  for  rural  school  with  the  county  as 
unit? 

C.  Studies  in  the  methodology  of  visual  instruction 

1.  To  what  extent  is  the  efficiency  of  visual  instructio 
dependent  upon  the  expertness  of  the  teacher  givin 
the  demonstration?  '" 


I 


CLASSROOM  FILMS  MEET  AN  ECONOMIC  NEED 


I 


f  I  ■'HAT  it  is  essentially  un-American  for  school  authorities 
let  the  question  of  finances  stand  in  the  way  of  building  rrn 
schoolhouses  or  installing  modern  teaching  methods  such  a 
visual  education,  is  the  stand  taken  by  E.  E.  Lewis,  superintendei 
of  schools,  Rockford,  Illinois,  in  equipping  the  grade  schools  wit 
motion  picture  machines  which  are  capable  of  projecting  hot 
films  and  slides. 

"Not  so  very  long  ago  school  boards  the  country  over  wi 
solemnly  declaring  there  was  no  money  to  pay  for  manual  trail 
ing  departments  or  science  laboratories.     But  the  need  was  th 
and  all  the  reactionaries  in  the  country  could  not  keep  that  m 
from  being  met.     Today  we  have  about  the  same  situation  to  fac 
in  the  introduction  of  visual  education — motion  pictures  for  th 
classroom,   the  swiftest  educators  known.     It  would   be   absi^ 
for  any  board  of  education  to  take  the  position  that  it  'cannot 
ford'  to  introduce  visual  education  because  of  the  condition  of 
treasury.     In  education,  as  in  everything  else,  money  can  alw 
be  found  when  there  is  a  genuine  need  to  be  met." 

Mr.  Lewis  referred  to  visualization  as  the  most  important  fai 
in  education  since  the  world  began,  and  declared  it  is  just  be| 
ning  to  come  into  its  own. 

"Everywhere  educators  are  discussing,  not  the  value  of  vis 
methods,  but  rather  their  right  use  and  co-relation.  For  a  n 
ber  of  years  the  visual  education  movement  was  retarded 
so-called  'educational  films'  which  started  nowhere  and  arrivt 
nowhere.  Today  teachers  and  school  authorities  generally 
discriminating  between  such  merely  informational  or  recreati 
pictures  and  bona-fide  educational  films.  A  real  teaching 
brings  out  clearly  the  relation  between  cause  and  effect.  Su( 
school  films,  used  to  supplement  the  textbook,  teach  pupils  i 
think.  They  enable  students  to  learn  more  in  less  time  andtl 
remember  it  because  it  has  been  stamped  on  their  minds  throiB 
powerful  visual  images  behind  which  is  sound  pedagogic  nietho' 
We  want  such  films  in  the  schoolroom  because  they  meet  a  rci 
economic  need." 

Mb        IDi  '    ;^g 

SCHOOL  CLASSES  TO  SEE  "THE  FOUR  SEASOnI^ 

ARRANGEMENTS  have  been  made  with   scliool  superintendent] 
have  pupils  of  high  sdiools  and   grade  schools  in   many  coiiu 
ties   attenil    theaters   showing   The   Four   Sennovs,   tlie    Urban    Pop| 
Classic   which   was   reviewed   in   tlie   Novemlu-r   issue  of   this   maga 
Tlie  educational  value  of  the  film  has  l)ocn  universally  recognized. 
Kineto  Company  has  arranged   througli   the   distributors   that   thea, 
wliicli  play  The  Four  Seasons  will  give  special  matinees  and  SatuB 
morning   perfoimances   so    lliat    school    classes   can    attend    in    a 
at  a  low  price  of  admission. 


8 


NATIONAL  ORGANIZATION  TO  MAKE  "BETTER  MOVIES"  A  REALITY 

Defendem  Motion  Picture  League  of  America,  Inc.,  Capitalized  at 

$5,000,000,  to  Produce  and  Distribute  the  Kind  of 

Films  the  World  is  Waiting  For 

By  Mrs.  C.  A.  Britton 

National   Organizer   of  the   League 


FOR  years  the  subject  of  better  motion  pictures  of  the  clean, 
wholesome  type  has  been  discussed  and  many  plans  have 
been  formulated  to  bring  about  improvement  of  picture 
conditions  as  they  exist  today.     This  has  been  and  is  a 
[vital  subject  and  one  that  has  been  the  source  of  a  great  deal  of 
deep  thought.     What  to  do  and  how  to  do  it  has  been  the  problem. 
Ever  since  the  feature  photoplay  became  the  thing  of  the  moment 
Sand  with  the  progress  of  the  motion  picture  industry,  producers 
l^became  bolder  in  their  endeavors  to  attract  to  the  box  office  and 
a  result  the  majority  of  pictures  shown  in  the  last  few  years 
ave  been  those  dealing  with  sex  problems,  exploiting  crime,  and 
lin  general  of  a  tendency  to  tear  down  the  ideals  and  morals  of  the 
eople  of  America. 
What  to  do  and  how  to  do  it  has  apparently  been  solved  by  the 
_  )efendem  Motion  Picture  League  of  America,  Inc.     After  a  great 
deal  of   investigation  and   thought  the   Defendem   League   was 
f   founded  and  has  set  out  with  a  definite,  concrete  plan  to  bring 
about  a  betterment  of  pictures. 

Representative  club  women,  ministers  of  various  denominations 
and  teachers  are  back  of  this  movement.  Proof  that  the  public  is 
'  alive  to  the  menace  is  shown  by  the  censor  boards  which  were  ap- 
pointed at  the  insistence  of  the  better  element  of  the  public.  This 
has  helped  somewhat  but  does  not  reach  the  root  of  the  trouble, 
wliich  is  the  producing  end,  whose  one  idea  is  to  "get  by"  the 
censors. 

The  Defendem  Motion  Picture  League  of  America  will  pro- 
duce the  highest  type  of  photo  productions.  Clean,  wholesome 
stories  selected  from  the  pens  of  well-known  writers  will  be  inter- 
preted into  clean,  wholesome  photoplays.  The  weekly  program 
will  be  complete  with  a  variety  of  appropriate  short  stories  in- 
cluding travelogs,  educational,  and  historical  subjects  and  other 
material  of  public  interest,  but  there  will  be  nothing  made  that 
will  offend  the  most  discriminating.  True  Americanism  will  be 
the  watchword,  non-sectarian  and  non-propagandic,  but  every 
opportunity  for  inspiring  loyalty  and  instilling  the  Golden  Rule 
will  be  taken  advantage  of. 

The  plans  of  the  league  are  extensive.  All  pictures  made  by 
them  will  be  controlled  through  their  own  distributing  channels 
which  will  embrace  centers  all  over  the  United  States  to  make  it 
possible  for  those  living  in  the  most  remote  district  to  see  these 
pictures  which  will  be  exhibited  by  churches,  schools,  community 
houses,  and  such  other  mediums  of  exhibition  that  are  available, 
but  they  will  not  be  shown  through  the  medium  of  motion  picture 
i  theaters  as  they  exist  today. 

Those  who  are  supporting  this  movement  are  firm  in  their  con- 
victions that  if  the  proper  kind  of  pictures  are  made  they  will 
bring  back  the  ideals  on  which  America  was  founded  and  in  that 
way  coordinate  the  things  that  are  good  and  eliminate  the  things 
that  are  bad.  It  would  also  help  to  educate  the  child  through  the 
visual,  and  be  the  means  of  making  better  Americans  of  the 
foreign  element  who  come  to  this  country. 

How  many  men  and  women  have  ever  stopped  to  consider 
what  many  of  the  present-day  type  of  motion  pictures  are  doing 
to  destroy  American  womanhood?  There  is  hardly  a  photoplay 
presented  that  does  not  go  to  the  extreme  in  presenting  woman 
in  a  light  in  which  she  would  under  no  circumstances  permit 


jyf  RS.  C.  A.  BRITTON,  national  organizer  and  chairman  of  the 
board  of  directors  of  the  Defendem  Motion  Picture  League 
of  America,  Inc.,  has  been  for  many  years  a  leading  spirit  in  club 
work  in  this  country.  She  is  closely  identified  with  the  Daugh- 
ters of  America,  Guardians  of  Liberty,  and  a  number  of  mothers' 
clubs.  In  the  league  movement  slie  has  associated  with  her  a  ntmi- 
ber  of  prominent  ministers,  social  workers,  and  representative 
club  women. 


herself  to  appear  in  the  privacy  of  her  home.  How  many  times 
have  you  read  in  the  daily  press  of  some  young  boy  or  girl  who 
has  committed  a  misdeed  who  claimed  that  his  or  her  reason  for 
doing  so  was  inspired  by  what  "they  saw  in  the  movies?" 

No  better  words  can  be  expressed  than  diose  of  the  Honorable 
J.  Hampton  Moore,  Mayor  of  Philadelphia,  who  proclaimed 
Sunday,  November  27,  in  Philadelphia,  "Better  Citizens'  Day" 
and  urged  that  all  citizens  gather  at  their  places  of  worship  on 
that  day  "to  discourage  those  things  in  our  public  and  private 
lives  that  are  debasing,  and  to  uphold  those  things  that  tend  to 
exalt  and  elevate  us  in  self-respect  and  citizenship." 

That  this  subject  is  a  vital  one  is  beyond  question  of  a  doubt 
and  the  people  of  America  are  alive  to  the  menace  of  many  of  the 
pictures  produced  and  released  for  public  view.  To  carry  on  this 
work  it  must  be  done  by  an  American-spirited  cooperative  body 
and  stories  made  under  their  direction  into  picture  plays  will  ap- 
peal to  and  entertain  not  only  the  average  American  but  the 
foreigner  who  lands  on  these  shores,  and  will  drive  home  a  proper 
education,  Americanism,  and  what  the  Book  of  God  really  means. 

Headquarters  of  the  league  have  been  opened  at  903  Canadian- 
Pacific  Building,  342  Madison  Avenue,  New  York  City,  where  I 
shall  be  pleased  to  receive  in  person  those  who  may  be  interested 
in  this  important  movement  or  communicate  with  those  who  are 
non-residents  of  New  York. 

FILM  USES  INCREASED  IN  SOUTHERN  SCHOOLS 

DEPORTS  from  the  South  state  that  many  schools  in  that  section 
*■  are  installing  portable  motion  picture  projectors,  especially  in 
rural  communities.  These  machines  are  being  used  in  the  classroom 
as  well  as  for  entertainment  purposes  once  a  week  in  the  assembly 
halls.  Funds  thus  obtained  help  to  maintain  the  visual  education  pro- 
grams. In  many  instances  electric  current  is  provided  by  a  portable 
generator  attached  to  a  Ford  automobile..  In  other  cases  a  small 
stationary  light  plant  has  been  installed  and  the  movie  projector  soon 
earns   enough   to   pay   for  the   complete   installation. 

Some  recent  projector  purchases  were:  High  School,  Lucedale, 
Miss.;  High  School,  Tunica,  Miss.;  Girls'  Normal  School,  Washington 
School,  McDonogh  School  No.  3,  Samuel  J.  Peters  School,  E.  T.  Mer- 
rick School,  McDonogh  School  No.  16,  Delgado  Trade  School,  Tulane 
University,  Straight  College,  New  Orleans  University,  Corpus  Christi 
School,  Jewish  Orphans'  Home,  Kingsley  House  and  Home  for  In- 
curables— all  of  New  Orleans,  La.  Machines  and  films  are  supplied 
to  the  New  Orleans  school  board  by  the  Harcol  Film  Company  of  that 
C.  M.  Tingle,  visual  instruction  supervisor  for  the  Mississippi  Agri- 
cultural and  Mechanical  College,  reports  an  increasing  use  of  films 
in   the   schools   of   that   state.     He   thinks    it   will   not   be   long   before 

Fir.M  OF  "UNKNOWN'S"  BURIAL  FOR  WAR  DEPARTMENT 

'pHE  Path^  News  record  of  the  burial  of  ,\raerica"s  unknown  soldier 
■■■  will  be  preserved  in  the  archives  of  the  War  Department  as  the 
official  pictures  of  the  nation's  great  tribute  to  the  men  who  made  the 
supreme  sacrifice  in  France.  It  is  in  two  reels,  depicting  th  •  entire 
story  of  the  unknown  hero  beginning  with  his  selection  in  France  and 
ending  with  the  sounding  of  taps  over  his  grave  at  Arlington,Va.  This 
was  done  under  a  contract  made  with  the  Path^  News  by  Thomas  H. 
Martell,  manager  of  the  United  States  Army  Motion  Picture  Service,  on 
behalf  of  the  War  Department. 


9 


IIIIIIUIIIIIIHIIUtlllllllllllllll 


II I  ri  (1 1 1  tItltllllMllltllltiii)  II 1 1 1 1 1 1<  Uiilii  tilUIUil  1 1 


COMMUNITY 


#  I 


OHIO  STATE  UNIVERSITY  MOVIE  SERVICE 
A  GRICULTURAL  extension  workers  of  Ohio  State  University 
•^  are  considering  extensive  use  of  motion  pictures  as  a  further 
means  of  conveying  farm  facts.  The  plan  involves  mobile  pro- 
jection machines,  something  like  those  which  were  used  to  enter- 
tain the  soldiers  in  France,  and  a  central  film  library  conducted 
by  the  department  of  publications  at  the  college  of  agriculture. 

Of  82  county  agents,  58  are  emphatic  in  their  belief  that  the 
college  should  start  such  a  service. 

Summarizing  returns  from  a  questionnaire  recently  sent  out, 
J.  E.  McClintock,  extension  editor  of  the  college,  said  that  12 
whole  counties  of  the  state  and  511  other  scattered  rural  com- 
munities want  such  work  started.  The  plan  would  be  to  circulate 
films  of  especial  interest  to  country  people  and  to  present  them 
mainly  at  points  too  far  out  in  the  country  to  support  regular 
motion  picture  theaters. 

Motion  picture  services  operating  through  the  county  and 
township  farm  bureaus  and  granges  have,  it  is  said,  proved  suc- 
cessful in  other  states.  College  workers  feel  that  the  desirability 
of  such  a  service  is  established  and  that  questions  of  organizing 

and  financing  it  alone  remain  to  be  worked  out. 

mfti      Djii 

EDUCATIONAL  MOVIES  IN  RURAL  DISTRICTS 
'T'HE  State  Department  of  Education  of  North  Carolina  is  send- 

ing  Mrs.  C.  E.  Thomas  and  other  representatives  into  the 
rural  districts  of  that  state  with  a  portable  motion  picture  outfit  to 
present  educational  picture  programs  at  all  rural  centers.  The 
shows  are  given  mainly  in  high  school  auditoriums.  Recent  ex- 
hibitions were  at  Derita,  Matthews,  Long  Creek,  Huntersville, 
Back  Creek,  Paw  Creek,  Dixie,  Park  Road,  Sharon,  and  other 
places  in  Hecklenburg  county.  Roanoke,  an  historical  film  deal- 
ing with  the  first  attempted  settlement  in  North  Carolina,  was 
screened  for  the  first  time. 


KENTUCKY  FARMERS  SEEING  HELPFUL  FILMS 

MOTION  pictures  are  to  have  an  important  part  in  carrying  in- 
formation on  timely  subjects  to  farmers  in  the  future  if  the 
interest  shown  by  Kentuclty  farmers  in  a  film  being  shown  over  the 
state  by  the  College  of  Agriculture  is  taken  as  an  indication  of  the 
approval  given  this  form  of  agricultural  extension  work.  The  film  is 
entitled  Out  of  the  Shadows,  and  is  being  displayed  in  the  interest  of 
the  cattle  tuberculosis  eradication  work  being  carried  on  in  Kentucky. 
It  is  one  of  several  being  used  by  the  coUepe  extension  division  to 
carry  on  timely  information   to   farmers  of  the  state. 

The  picture  is  of  typical  country  life  whose  heroine,  a  young  girl, 
contracts  tuberculosis  from  a  pet  cow  in  the  family  herd.  The  pic- 
ture points  out  the  dangers  which  are  encountered  by  farmers  who 
fail  to  have  their  animals  tested  and  by  means  of  the  different  events 
portrayed  in  the  life  of  the  family  shows  bow  farmers  sliould  go 
about  having  their  herds  placed  on  the  accredited  herd  plan. 

LECTURE  COURSE  ON  MOTION  PICTURES 

THE   Woman's   City   Club   of   Cincinnati    is   conducting    a   course   in 
motion    i)icture   study    through   a   series   of   lectures   by   authorities 
on  the  subject.     The  speakers  and  tlieir  topics  are  as   follows: 

Earle  Edward  Eubank,  brad  of  the  department  of  sociology  at 
the  University  of  Cincinnati,  "The  Moving  Picture  and  tlic  American 
Pul)lic;"  Mrs.  Adele  Wooclard,  president  of  the  National  Motion 
Picture  League,  "Censorship  and  Standards  for  Judging  Motion  Pic- 
tures;" "Children  and  Motion  Pictures,"  speaker  to  l)c  announced 
later;  Miss  U.  E.  Danfortli,  of  the  .Society  for  Visual  Education, 
"Motion  Pictures  in  Education,"  illustrated  by  films;  William  A. 
Brady,  president  of  the  National  Association  of  the  Motion  Picture 
Industry,  "Processes  and  Problems  of  the  Industry;"  Miss  Dora  Stecker, 
"Conducting  a  Neighborhood  Theater." 


"THE    BLUEBIRD"   REVIVAL 

NEARLY  three  years  ago,  in  the  inaugural  issue  of  Educa- 
tional Film  Magazine,  January,  1919,  there  was  published 
a  full  page  review  of  The  Bluebird,  with  two  characteristic 
illustrations,  written  by  Charles  Kenmore  Ulrich.  A  few  months 
later  the  picture  disappeared  from  public  view  and  only  now  has 
it  been  revived  by  the  Children's  Matinee  Association,  Inc.,  of  125 
West  44th  street.  New  York  City.  The  film  was  shown  at  the 
Town  Hall,  West  43rd  street,  New  York  City,  on  several  October 
afternoons  for  the  benefit  of  many  teachers  and  their  pupils  of 
the  city  schools.  It  also  was  the  feature  of  the  children's  com- 
munity program  presented  by  the  Queensboro  League  of  Mothers' 
Clubs  at  the  Rialto  theater,  Jamaica,  N.  Y.,  on  Saturday  morning, 
November  26. 

A  second  viewing  of  the  film  enhances  one's  appreciation  for 
tliis  work  of  screen  art,  the  scenario  of  which  was  written  by 
Uharles  Maigne  and  the  direction  by  Maurice  Tourneur.  The 
spirit  of  Maeterlinck  lives  in  this  charming  visualization  of  the 
master's  thought.  Few  have  been  the  pictures  which  so  subtly 
and  so  delicately  unfold  on  the  screen  the  mystic  and  the  cosmic 
as  does  The  Bluebird.  Author  and  director  wisely  refrained  from 
overdoing  the  sentimental,  the  sensual,  and  the  sensational,  even 
when  opportunity  offered,  and  the  production  remains  as  it  was 
— restrained,  wholesome,  and  inspiring  throughout,  a  message 
of  optimism  and  self-help  to  young  and  old. 

STATE  OF  NEBRASKA  MOVIES 

'T'HE  state  of  Nebraska  has  gone  into  the  movies.  Its  depart- 
ment  of  conservation  has  set  up  a  complete  studio  at  a  cost 
of  $20,000  and  has  started  taking  pictures.  The  aim  is  to  adver- 
tise Nebraska's  resources  to  its  own  people  and  to  its  neighbors. 
Films  will  be  distributed  free  on  a  regular  circuit  through  the 
state,  in  schools  and  other  institutions.  Organization  of  a  state- 
wide staff  is  in  progress. 

Developments  in  farming,  industry,  education,  state,  finance, 
state  departments  and  clubs  are  among  subjects  embraced  iu 
the  state's  movie  program. 

W*     OP* 
BRINGING  MOVIES  TO  THE  NEIGHBORHOOD 

TJRING  the  movies  to  the  neigbborliood  instead  of  sending  the 
■*-*  whole  neighborhood  to  the  movies,"  says  Mrs.  Augusta  Slesinger,  of 
the  Jewish  Big  Sisters,  in  the  current  issue  of  Better  Times,  a  mag-^ 
azine  devoted  to  welfare  work  in  New  York  City.  Mrs.  Slesinger  putt 
forward  a  plan  for  the  use  of  neighborhood  and  community  liouse* 
of  all  types,  religious,  social  or  educational,  for  the  display  of  wholes 
some  motion  pictures  suitable  for  family  groups  and  older  boys  and 
girls.  The  plan  is  built  on  the  natural  impulse  of  the  family  to  take 
its  pleasure  together  and  takes  into  account  the  mother  who  must 
take  her  children  with  her  if  she  is  to  go  to  the  pictures  herself.  The. 
National  Committee  for  Better  Films  has  offered  its  services  in  consi 
nection  with  organization  and  selection  of  pictures.  It  is  proposed 
to  call  a  meeting  at  an  early  date  of  all  churches,  .settlements,  and 
sclwols  having  motion  picture  equipment  to  evolve  a  series  of  praor 
tical   experiments   in   the   project. 

1"       f 

CHICAGO  PUBLIC  GETS  FILM  ADVICE  FROM  POST  OFFICE 

'T'HE  film  made  by  Pathi  News  in  the  post  office  for  the  purpose  of 
■^  calling  attention  to  the  common  errors  of  the  mailing  public  h«» 
received  a  city-wide  showing  in  Chicago  theaters  at  the  request  of 
the  local  postal  officials.  The  pictures  illustrate  the  necessity  for 
the  return  address  on  the  envelojie,  the  exercise  of  care  in  writing 
the  address,  and  the  proper  metliod  of  preparing  parcel  post  packagOk 

10  § 


SOCIAL    WELFARE 


i'T 


"NEW  JERSEY  HEALTH  CRUSADERS" 

UNDER  the  title  New  Jersey  Health  Crusaders,  the  Tuber- 
culosis League  of  New  Jersey  presents  a  film  visualizing 
their  health  work  among  children,  thus  furnishing  definite 
and  constructive  information  to  states,  communities,  and  individu- 
;  als  interested  in  the  promulgation  of  a  similar  work. 
!       Scenes  include  the  toothbrush  drill  in  the  schools;  the  bath, 
I  that  much-needed  adjunct  to  well-regulated  school-life  in  certain 
neighborhoods;  and  the  nap,  taken  with  open  windows — a  needed 
lesson  for  immigrants  from  southern  Europe.    These  are  followed 
by   a   classroom   scene   wherein   Humpty   Dumpty,   the   famous 
Health  Clown,  pays  a  visit  and  enacts  the  pantomime  of  "The 
Vt  icked  Germ  and  The  Open  Winndow,"  to  the  children's  delight. 
The  health  pageant  given  in  Burlington  County,  N.  J.,  by  chil- 
dren, follows.     Allegorical  in  character,  it  symbolizes  the  over- 
throw of  Dragon  Disease  by  the  Health  Knights,  and  the  estab- 
lishment of  King  Good  Health.     This  is  a  spirited  episode,  full  of 
I   action  and  bearing  to  the  children  who  take  part,  as  well  as  to 
'    those  who  are  on-lookers,  the  message  of  what  to  avoid  and  what 
to  accept  if  good  health  is  to  be  maintained. 

Concluding  scenes  show  in  detedl  the  methods  used  in  the 
Newark,  N.  J.,  open  air  classes  for  underweight  children  and  at 
the  preventoriums  where  strong  children  are  developed  from  weak 
ones  who  have  been  exposed  to  tuberculosis. 

Xew   Jersey   Health   Crusaders.    Distributed   by   Carlyle   Ellis.    1    reel. 

I»  In.        7K 

W  PUBLIC  HEALTH  ASSOCLATION  DISCUSSES  FILMS 
'T'HE  motion  picture  session  of  the  American  Public  Health 
Association  at  the  Hotel  Astor,  New  York  City,  on  November 
14  brought  forth  some  interesting  and  informative  talks  and  dis- 
cussions, with  demonstrations  of  selected  films.  The  program: 
"Should  there  be  any  difference  in  the  type  of  picture  produced  for 
classroom  use  and  that  for  popular  education?" — Prof.  C.  E.  Turner,  De- 
partment of  Biology  and  I^iblic  Health,  Massachusetts  Institute  of 
Technology,  Cambridge,  Mass.  "What  standards  should  be  set  for  the 
pictures  used  by  health  agencies?" — Dr.  Stanley  Osborne,  Department 
of  Health,  Hartford,  Conn.;  Edward  Stuart,  American  Red  Cross,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. ;  Floyd  A.  Ramsdell,  Worcester  Film  Corporation,  Worces- 
ter, Mass.  "What  are  the  needs  in  health  motion  pictures  that  are  not 
met  at  present?  More  short  films?  Dramatic  or  straight  education? 
More  truth  or  more  human  interest?  More  films  on  general  health  topics 
or  on  specific  topics?" — Ernst  D.  Meyer,  International  Health  Board, 
New  York  City;  Eugene  Roder,  Roder-Cowen  Service  Corporation,  New 
York  City.  "What  is  the  situation  as  to  the  practicability  of  securing 
existing  pictures  for  use  in  all  parts  of  the  country?" — E.  G.  Routzahn, 
Russell  Sage  Foundation,  New  York  City.  "How  can  health  depart- 
ments and  health  organizations  work  together  to  have  suitable  pictures 
produced?" — Dr.  C.  St.  Clair  Drake,  Conference  of  State  and  Provincial 
Health  Authorities,  Springfield,  III.;  P.  P.  Jacobs,  National  Tuberculosis 
Association,  New  York  City. 

BThe  following  films  were  exhibited  during  the  conference: 
The  Gift  of  Life,  American  Social  Hygiene  Association;  Jinks,  Na- 
mal  Tuberculosis  Association;  Mothercraft,  May  Bliss  Dickinson;  The 
Priceless  Gift  of  Health,  Massachusetts  Department  of  Health;  The 
Reward  of  Courage,  American  Society  for  the  Control  of  Cancer;  Safe- 
guarding  the  Nation  (effects  of  alcohol)  Carter  Cinema  Producing  Cor- 
poration; Saving  the  Eyes  of  Youth,  National  Committee  on  Blindness; 

ike   No   Chances,   New  Jersey  Tuberculosis   League;    Tournament   of 

luth.  National  Tuberculosis  Association;  Unhooking  the  Hookworm, 
International  Health  Board  of  tlie  Rockefeller  Foundation. 

The  films  shown  at  the  Health  Exposition,  Grand  Central  Palace, 
N'ew  York,   were: 

Saving  the  Eyes  of  Youth,  National  Committee  on  Blindness;  Taking 
No  Chances,  National  Committee  on  Blindness;  Deep  Sea  Fishing,  Bray 
Studios;  Why  We  Breathe  and  Hoiv,  Bray  Studios;  An  Equal  Chance, 
Puljlic  Health  Nursing;  Mouth  Hygiene,  BoUman  Film  Library  Service; 
The  High  Road,  Y.  W.  C.  A.;  F'iot  Folly,  Y.  W.  C.  A.;  Athletic  Move- 
menas  Analyzed,  Board  of  Education,  U.  S.  Navy  Athletic  Leagues; 
How  Radium  it  Produced,  Radium  Chemical  Co. 


"THE  REWARD  OF  COURAGE" 

THE  REWARD  OF  COURAGE  is  a  two  reel  drama,  with  a 
definite  message  to  avoid  quack  cures  and  consult  a  reliable 
surgeon  or  doctor  if  you  have  any  suspicious  symptoms  which 
might  develop  into  cancer. 

Eugene  Barnes,  the  eflScient  manager  of  the  Pleasantville  Accessories 
Company,  persuades  Marshall  Flint,  the  president  to  install  a  clinic  for 
first  aid  and  periodic  examinations  of  the  employees  of  the  company. 
After  several  months'  experiment  Barnes  makes  a  satisfactory  report  to 
Flint  about  the  work  of  the  clinic  in  overcoming  the  problem  of  time  lost 
by  sickness  of  their  employees.  The  president  inspects  the  new  depart- 
ment and  congratulates  Dr.  Dale  and  Barnes  upon  its  success.  Dr.  Dale 
explains  that  regular  physical  examination  and  hygenic  instruction  are 
the  secrets.  "We  discover  ailments  before  they  become  serious."  He 
tells  of  the  recent  examination  of  an  employee  named  Simpkins  who  has 
a  cancer  of  the  lip  and  insists  upon  continuing  his  home  treatments  of 
Radiumized  Paste,  a  cancer  cure  which  he  orders  by  mail.  Dr.  Dale  has 
an  empty  paste  can  as  evidence  but  hopes  to  persuade  Simpkins  to  submit 
to  an  operation. 

The  doctor's  explanation  of  the  development  and  growth  of  cancer  is 
visualized  in  animated  drawings  and  emphasizes  the  necessity  of  an 
operation  as  soon  as  the  disease  is  discovered. 

The  new  clinic  is  of  great  interest  to  Dorothy  Flint,  the  president's 
daughter,  and  as  she  is  a  friend  of  Barnes  she  helps  him  develop  the  new 
department.  Her  mother  discourages  this  friendship  as  she  has  more 
ambitious  plans  for  her  daughter  than  marriage  with  the  manager  of  the 
plant.  In  fact  Mrs.  Flint  looks  with  favor  upon  the  attentions  of  a 
young  man  of  leisure,  Morris  Maxwell,  who  has  been  a  resident  of  Pleas- 
antville for  the  past  year.  Maxwell  tells  Mrs.  Flint  that  he  has  heard 
that  Dr.  Dale  has  discovered  about  twenty  cases  of  cancer  among  the 
employees  of  the  plant  and  he  suggests  that  Mrs.  Flint  permit  him  to 
solicit  the  aid  of  a  group  of  philanthropic  scientists  with  whom  he  is 
associated,  many  of  them  cancer  specialists.  If  she  would  give  him  the 
names  of  those  suffering,  he  would  offer  them  relief.  Mrs.  Flint  se- 
cures this  list  of  names  from .  Miss  Keene,  the  trained  nurse  of  the 
clinic,  who  delivers  it  in  person.  During  the  interview  Mrs.  Flint  tells 
Miss  Keene  about  a  small  lump  that  she  has  on  her  breast  and  the  nurse 
examines  it  and  suggests  that  they  ask  Dr.  Dale  to  recommend  a  reliable 
surgeon. 

Acting  upon  the  nurse's  advice,  Mrs.  Flint  consults  a  specialist  -and  the 
physician  confirms  her  fears  and  advises  an  immediate  operation.  Mrs. 
Flint  telephones  to  her  husband  the  result  of  the  surgeon's  examination 
and  her  conversation  is  overheard  by  Morris  Maxwell  who  is  waiting  in 
an  adjoining  room  for  Dorothy.  Maxwell  again  calls  her  attention  to  the 
Institute  for  Cancer  and  assures  her  that  it  has  thousands  of  cures  to  its 
credit  without  the  use  of  a  knife  and  he  could  also  arrange  to  have  the 
twenty  employees  of  the  plant,  who  are  cancer  victims,  treated  for  $200 
each  and  adds  "Perhaps  you  and  Dorothy  might  interest  Mr.  Flint  in 
the  project  to  that  extent." 

A  few  days  later  there  was  a  conference  at  the  clinic  and-Dr.  Dale 
told  the  executives  of  the  company  the  result  of  his  investigation  of 
the  Radiumized  Paste  and  the  institute  that  was  selling  it.  He  also 
informed  them  that  one  of  the  directors  of  the  institute  was  Maxwell. 
Upon  hearing  this  Flint  tells  them  that  Maxwell  is  expected  at  his  house 
that  morning  and  they  hasten  to  the  Flint  home  and  arrive  in  time  to 
witness  Mrs.  Flint  making  out  a  check  for  $200  for  the  cancer  cure 
which  Maxwell  offers  to  obtain  for  her  personal  use.  They  confront 
Maxwell  with  the  evidence  of  the  chemical  examination  that  proves 
Radiumized  Paste  to  be  absolutely  worthless.  At  tliis  point  a  detective, 
who  is  in  the  group,  steps  forward  and  states  that  the  postoffice  de- 
partment has  been  looking  for  him. 

The  final  scene  is  six  years  later.  Dorothy  has  married  Barnes  and 
Mrs.  Flint  has  regained  her  health,  rejoicing  at  the  success  of  the  opera- 
tion performed  six  years  ago,  and  remarks  "How  easy  it  was  after  all." 
,  The  film  was  produced  by  the  Eastern  Film  Corporation  for 
the  American  Society  for  the  Control  of  Cancer,  25  West  45th 
street,  New  York,  who  will  distribute  it  nationally. 

ESI*       ffl^ 

HEALTH   FILMS   WITH   CHINESE   TITLES 

'T'HE  Council  of  Health  Education,  *  Q^insan  Gardens,  Shanghai, 
■*■  China,  has  favored  Educational  Fn.M  Magazink  with  a  list  of  its 
film  subjects  and  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  nine  of  these  have  been 
titled  throughout  in  Chinese.  They  are:  Better  Babies,  Our  Children, 
The  House  Fly,  House  Fly  As  Seen  Through  the  Microscope,  Keeping 
a  Big  City  Clean,  Every  Day  Life  Saver,  Through  Life's  Windows,  A 
Mouthful  of  Wisdom,  Oood  Teeth  Mean  Oood  Health. 

The  following  have  the  original  English  titles:  How  Life  Begins,  Res- 
cue, Care  and  Education  of  the  Blind,  Mosquito  Control,  Modern  Health 
Crusade,  National  Tube  Company  Welfare  Work,  Jinks,  Rumanian  Re- 
lief, Helping  Our  Boys  at  Home,  Oood-Bye  Brest. 

u 


RELIGIOUS 


SCIENTIFIC 


PURPOSE  OF  PICTURES  IS  TO  PREACH 
By  Rev.  John  A.  McAfee 

Pastor  Westminster  Presbyterian  Church,   Topelta,   Kansas 

THE  church  has  a  big  work  to  do  in  the  world  of  today  and 
it  is  not  only  its  right,  but  its  duty,  to  use  every  legitimate 
means  available  to  convey  to  the  people  its  message.  It 
must  ever  be  the  paramount  purpose  of  the  pulpit  so  to  present  the 
person  and  principles  of  the  Master  that  men  will  accept  Him  as 
Saviour  and  follow  Him  as  guide. 

Commercial  interests  have  no  more  right  to  monopolize  the 
motion  picture  than  they  have  to  monopolize  the  music  or  the 
spoken  word.  One  is  no  more  the  devil's  own  than  are  the  others. 
All  are  God's  and  men  have  no  right  to  use  them  otherwise,  than 
to  the  glory  of  God. 

We  are  trying  to  make  motion  pictures  preach,  and  avowedly 
we  are  doing  it  as  an  experiment.  If  we  cannot  so  make  them 
we  will  quickly  discontinue  their  use. 

Pictures  are  but  one  item  in  the  evening  service  of  the  West- 
minster Presbyterian  church,  and  that  not  the  most  important. 
The  time  allotted  to  them  will  be,  as  a  rule,  very  brief.  Rarely 
do  we  plan  to  use  more  than  one  or  two  reels.  They  will  not  be, 
except  on  occasions,  the  major  portion  of  our  service. 

Pictures  are  not  a  bait  to  draw  people;  nor  are  they  an  ad- 
junct or  addenda  to  please  or  amuse.  They  are  part  of  the  ser- 
vice. 

Our  machine,  a  simple  one,  is  operated  by  young  men  of  the 
church,  who  do  the  work  cheerfully  and  with  no  thought  of  finan- 
cial remuneration.  Our  pictures  are  for  a  purpose;  and  that 
purpose  is  to  preach. 

CHURCH  INSTALLS  $1,300  PROJECTION  EQUIPMENT 

ANEW  step  in  the  religious  progress  of  the  city  of  CoffeyviUe,  Kan- 
sas, was  taken  by  the  First  Methodist  church  when  Roy  H.  Clossen 
and  Embree  Morgan,  on  behalf  of  the  church,  went  to  Kansas  City 
and  purchased  a  1922  model  Simplex  projector,  with  a  view  to  lifting 
the  usually  prosy,  disappointing  church  slide  performances  to  the  satis- 
fying plane  of  "the  modern  motion  picture  show.  The  International 
Church  Film  Corporation  will  supply  the  film  service. 

The  cost  of  the  machine  plus  the  expense  of  building  a  booth  and 
installation   approximated   $1,300. 

There  is  no  admission  charge,  but  the  cost  of  the  films  and  incidental 
expenses  of  the  service  is  covered  by  a  collection  taken  up  at  the  close 
of  the  service.  Rev.  Gordon  Thompson,  pastor  of  the  church,  laid 
particular  stress  on  this  point  in  commenting  on  the  innovation.  "If  we 
come  out  even  in  meeting  the  actual  expenses  incurred  in  operating 
the  service,  we  wiU  be  prefectly  satisfied,  for  that  is  all  that  will  be 
attempted,"  he  declared. 

"MOVING  PICTURES  IN  THE  CHURCH" 

THIS  little  pamphlet  by  Rev.  Roy  L.  Smith,  pastor  of  Simpson  Metho- 
dist Church,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  presents  in  compact  form  practical 
suggestions  on  the  use  of  films  in  various  branches  of  church  work.  It 
is  the  result  of  Mr.  Smith's  personal  experiences  as  a  rf'hurch  exhibitor, 
includes  information  on  film-sources,  material,  and  most  important  of  all, 
reactions  from  spectator  groups.  The  modus  operandi  of  handling 
various  contacted  groups,  neighboring  theatrical  exhibitors,  various 
types  of  conscientious  objectors,  etc.,  is  also  discussed.  Tlie  financial 
side  of  church  movies  is  not  neglected,  the  earnestness  of  Mr.  Smith's 
purpose  being  well  epitomized:  "Let  tlie  churcli  go  into  the  entertain- 
ment business  for  the  sake  of  the  service  it  can  render  and  be  satisfied 
wlien  the  actual  cost  of  the  service  is  met  by  the  income." 

.Some  of  the  material  contained  in  this  pamphlet  has  already  appeared 
in  a  motion  picture  publication.  In  its  present  enlarged  form,  it  will 
prove  of  definite  value  to  the  pastor  and  church  worker  interested  in  the 
serious  use  of  motion  pictures  in  the  church. 

Uovinv  PielvreM  in  the  Church,  74  pagea.  The  Abincdon  Press,  150  Fifth 
Avenue,  New  York. 


HOW  I  FILMED  THE  SUN'S  ECLIPSE 

By  Neville  Bruce 

ABOUT  ten  years  ago  there  was  an  eclipse  of  the  sun  visible 
in  Britain.     A  few  days  previously  I  had  been  given  an 
Adon  telephotolens.     On  the  morning  of  the  eclipse  I  de- 
cided to  see  what  I  could  do  with  this  lens,  and  although  I  had 
no  opportunity  of  making  a  lest  beforehand,  I  succeeded  beyond: 
my  most  sanguine  anticipations.    I  mounted  the  Adon  on  a  cardf 
board  panel  and  used  it  on  a  reflex  camera  at  an  extension  of 
about  14  inches  from  the  plate.    I  used  a  ten  times  yellow  screeivi 
and  process  plates,  and  secured  a  series  of  photographs  of  eacMj 
eclipse  with  the  shutter  working  at  the  1/500  part  of  a  second 
They  were  quickly  developed  and  enlargements  made  while  thi 
negatives  were  still  wet,  and  three  hours  later  the  reproductioni 
were  stretched  across  the  middle  page  of  an  evening  paper. 

A  few  days  before  the  recent  eclipse  of  the  sun  on  April  8 
my  previous  experiment  led  me  to  think  that  possibly  the  sami 
lens  could  be  used  on  a  kine.  camera  to  take  motion  pictures  o 
the  event.  Such  a  camera,  however,  is  not  adapted  by  the  manu 
facturers  for  the  fitting  of  very  long  lenses,  and  it  was  necessar 
therefore  to  adapt  my  apparatus  to  meet  the  case.  My  previouj 
experiment  had  given  me  an  image  of  the  sun  about  1/2  inci 
diameter  using  the  Dallmeyer  Adon  at  about  14  inch  extension 
This  on  a  i^  plate  did  not  take  up  much  room,  but  on  a  kinema 
tograph  film  the  possibilities  were  immense.  A  drawout  tele- 
scopic tube  14  inches  long  was  made  to  fit  into  the  lens  flange 
of  my  kine.  camera,  and  in  front  of  this  the  Adon  was  screwed. 

The  morning  of  the  eclipse  found  me  on  the  roof  of  a  hotel 
at  Southend  where  the  atmosphere  was  delightfully  clear.  I  was 
armed  with  a  battery  of  red  and  yellow  screens,  of  which  I 
eventually  used  two,  a  10  times  and  a  20  times.  Of  these  un- 
doubtedly the  better  result  was  given  by  the  20  times  screen.  I 
was  using  Kodak  negative  stock — my  shutter  was  cut  down  to 
the  minimum — approximately  1/25  second,  the  Adon  was  fully 
stopped  down  and  was  14  inches  from  the  film,  and  I  adjusted 
my  exposure  so  that  I  was  taking  one  picture  every  half  second. 

My  juvenile  lead — the  sun — had  been  on  duty  for  some  hours, 
but  my  leading  lady  was  not  due  on  the  scene  until  8:35.  I  have 
frequently  been  troubled  during  film  production  work  by  my 
leading  lady  forgetting  her  cues,  or  not  turning  up  at  the  time 
appointed,  but  here  I  had  no  qualms  whatever,  and  I  commenced 
turning  my  handle  35  seconds  before  the  call  hour,  knowing 
well  that  if  I  continued  turning  for  five  minutes  Miss  Luna 
would  during  that  time  have  tentatively  kissed  and  embraced 
her  glorious  lover.  Nearly  every  film  scribe  tells  us  that  em- 
braces and  kisses  on  the  screen  are  too  long,  and  as  this  par- 
ticular love  scene  lasted  two  and  a  half  hours  I  decided  to  take 
a  section  every  15  minutes  only.  These  sections  joined  together 
have  given  a  film  nearly  200  feet  in  length,  every  phase  of  the 
eclipse  is  depicted  and,  although  the  film  may  show  nothing 
that  we  did  not  know  already,  yet  it  must  prove  of  considerable 
use  for  educational  purposes. 

I  do  not  know  if  my  experiment  is  the  first  that  has  been  made 
to  photograph  an  eclipse  of  the  sun  direct  by  the  aid  of  a 
kinematograph  camera.  It  has,  of  course,  been  done  hy  re- 
flection, but  the  image  of  the  sun  obtained  has  been  rather  small 
compared  with  the  direct  method. 


12 


By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


"DISRAELI" 

A  NOTABLE  contribution  to  the  small  group  of  really  well- 
acted  and  serious  motion  pictures  has  been  made  by 
George  Arliss  in  his  screen  presentation  of  Disraeli. 
Supported  in  part  by  members  of  the  company  who  ap- 
peared with  him  in  1911  in  the  original  American  stage  produc- 
tion, Mr.  Arliss  is  surrounded  by  a  group  of  skillful  actors  to 
whom  "the  play's  the  thing."  Their  unity  of  aim  and  artistry 
has  resulted  in  a  photoplay  the  esthetic  value  of  which  will  endure 
for  a  long  time. 

A  glance  into  Monypenny's  excellent  biography  of  Lord 
Beaconsfield  will  show  that  the  play  differs  from  fact  in  several 
particulars.  As  Mr.  Parker  has  stated  in  the  foreword  to  the 
printed  play,  it  is  not  historical,  "but  only  an  attempt  to  show 
a  picture  of  the  days — not  so  very  long  ago — in  which  Disraeli 
lived  and  some  of  the  racial,  social,  and  political  prejudices  he 
fought  against  and  conquered."  As  such  a  picture,  Disrmli  has 
distinct  value  to  students  of  history,  lovers  of  the  romantic  side 
of  diplomacy,  and  admirers  of  the  astute  prime  minister. 


GEOG.GE^AaU9S    Jo  'DlSBAETLI 


The  story  opens  in  that  critical  moment  when  the  Khedive  of  Egypt, 
owner  of  a  controlling  block  of  stock  in  the  Suez  Canal  and  hard  pressed 
for  money,  is  secretly  negotiating  to  sell  out  to  the  highest  bidder.^  France 
the  otlier  owner,  is  in  no  economic  position  to  buy  the  Khedive's  stock, 
and  Russia,  seeing  this  opportunity  to  purchase  the  highroad  to  India, 
is  waiting  to  bid  the  instant  she  knows  that  England  has  entered  the 
field. 

Realizing  the  strategic  value  of  the  Canal,  and  fully  aware  that  the 
Russian  government,  through  its  spy  system,  is  watching  his  every  move, 
Disra?li  seeks  to  persuade  the  governor  of  the  Bank  of  England  to  ad- 
vance funds  necessary  for  the  purchase,  tlius  bridging  the  period  inter- 
vening before  the  opening  of  Parliament.  Upon  the  governor's  refusal 
to  invest  tlie  nation's  funds  in  "a  ditch"  already  silting  up  Disrsli  nego- 
tiates a  loan  through  a  Jewish  banker.  The  banker  gives  Disradi  a  draft 
which  he  expects  to  cover  by  means  of  a  shipment  of  gold  from  South 
.•\merica.  Discovering  that  liis  secret  has  become  known  to  the  Russian 
spies,  Disraeli  send  a  messenger  to  Cairo  before  the  Russian  negotiator  ar- 
rives, and  by  means  of  tlie  draft  on  the  banker's  expected  funds  the  deal 
is  closed  in  England's  favor.  Then  it  is  learned  that  Russian  spies  have 
scuttled  the  ship  bringing  thp  gold.  Without  an  instant's  hesitation  or 
weakness,  Disraeli  summons  the  governor  of  the  Bank  of  England  and 
orders  him  to  cover  the  loss  from  the  funds  of  the  bi.nk.  Upon  the  gov- 
ernor's  refusal,   Disrasli   has    recourse   to   a   magnificent   "bluff"    as   he 


boldly  declares,  "Parliament  granted  the  bank  its  charter.  Parliament 
can  withdraw  the  charter,"  adding  that  as  prime  minister  he  will  com- 
mand Parliament  to  annul  the  charter  if  the  governor  refuses  to  save 
his  country's  honor  in  this  emergency.  The  ruse  is  successful.  The  gov- 
ernor gives  the  desired  draft  not  knowing  Disrseli  and  Parliament  have 
no  such  powers  as  the  latter  has  indicated.  Thus  the  Suez  Canal  becomes 
a  British  possession  and  Disraeli  has  his  ambition  gratified  to  make 
Queen  Victoria  Empress  of  India. 

Two  titles  may  well  be  omitted  in  the  presentation  of  this  pic- 
ture to  certain  groups.  One  title  begins  "If  you  don't  sign  this," 
and  contains  an  oath.    The  other  title  begins  "Damn  your  collar." 

Disrceli,  5  reels.    Distributed  by  United  Artists. 

"THE  BLOT" 

THIS  picture  champions  the  cause  of  the  underpaid  profes- 
sional worker,  it  being  regarded  as  a  blot  on  present  day 
civilization  that  services  requiring  great  devotion  and  a 
high  degree  of  training  receive  less  remuneration  than  that 
awarded  industrial  labor.  The  specific  cases  considered  are  those 
of  the  teacher  and  the  minister.  The  message  is  conveyed  in  a 
story  of  genuine  realism  which  gives  a  series  of  intimate  glimpses 
into  the  homes  of  two  typical  college  town  citizens:  a  head  worker 
and  a  hand  worker. 

Andrew  Griggs  is  a  college  professor,  faithful,  learned  and  under- 
paid. His  next  door  neighbor,  Oleson,  is  foreign-born  and  earns  a 
hundred  dollars  a  week  making  fashionable  shoes.  The  contrast  in 
well-being  between  the  two  families  is  most  poignantly  felt  by  tlie  re- 
spective wives;  Mrs.  Griggs  reaching  a  point  of  nervous  despair  over 
the  bountiful  supply  of  food  enjoyed  by  her  neighbors,  while  Mrs. 
Oleson,  fundamentally  jealous  of  her  neighbor's  innate  refinement,  flaunts 
succulent  viands  at  her  kitchen  window  to  convince  the  professor's  wife 
that  culture  does  not  count  when  it  comes  to  supply  the  material  needs 
of   humanity. 

Mrs.  Griggs  suffers  most  through  the  limitations  poverty  imposes  on 
her  beautiful  daughter  Amelia  who  is  an  attendant  in  the  local  library. 
Amelia's  health  suffers  from  that  systematic  under-feeding  all  too  com- 
mon among  the  "shabby  genteel"  and  the  nerve-wracked  mother  yields  to 
temptation  and  takes  a  plump  fowl  from  Mrs.  Oleson's  kitchen  window. 
The  momentary  weakness  si  followed  by  restitution,  but  Mrs.  Griggs 
has  set  forces  in  motion  which,  for  a  time,  threaten  tragedy.  Eventually, 
however,  this  untoward  act  leads  to  a  solution  of  the  difficulties  with  the 
Oleson  family,  and  the  establishment  of  friendship  based  upon  a  com- 
munity of  interests. 

Amelia  has  two  lovers:  one,  Phil  West,  whose  father  is  the  richest 
man  on  the  college  board  of  trustees,  and  the  other,  the  young,  underpaid 
local  pastor.  It  is  Phil  who  voices  the  message  of  the  picture  when  he 
urges  his  father  to  use  his  influence  in  increasing  the  salaries  of  the 
underpaid  professors.  Phil  and  the  impecunious  young  minister  are 
great  friends.  It  may  be  supposed  that  the  wealthy  youth  will  find  a 
way  to  aid  his  underpaid  friend  without  offending  the  self-respect  oi 
the  latter.  The  picture  closes  with  a  somewhat  pathetic  scene  of  the 
minister  in  the  role  of  rejected  lover,  since  Amelia  accepts  her  w-ealthy 
suitor. 

Beyond  its  suggestion  that  the  rich  must  look  out  for  the  poor 
this  picture  offers  no  definite  solution  of  a  really  great  problem; 
but  it  cannot  fail  to  awaken  in  the  spectator  a  lively  conscious- 
ness of  the  bitter  problems  with  which  some  of  the  most 
useful  citizens  of  our  country  are  daily  struggling.  As  a  whole 
the  picture  is  vivid  and  eminently  constructive. 

A  few  small  cuts  are  suggested:  The  title  referring  to  the  tailor 
who  cuts  "Pint  or  quart  pockets;"  scene  of  girls  smoking;  several 
short  scenes  of  drinking;  brief  glimpses  of  shimmying. 

The  Blot,  5  reels.  Distributed  by  F.  B.  Warren  Corp.,  1540  Broadway,  Nev 
York,   and   branch  exchanges. 

In  order  to  increase  the  demand  for  clingstone  peaches  tlie  California 
fruit  growers  are  distributing  a  film  which  shows  the  entire  industry 
from  the  planting  of  the  tree  to  the  serving  of  the  fruit  at  the  dinnei 
table.  The  canning  of  peaches  is  depicted  in  detail.  The  picture  was 
produced  by  the  Producers'  Film  Company,  Oroville,  California,  for  dis- 
tribution in  the  eastern  states. 


13 


"A  TRIP  TO  PARADISE" 
By  Glen  Visscher 

THE  picturization  of  the  great  stage  success  "Liliom"  is 
called  A  Trip  to  Paradise.  For  Liliom  means  nothing 
lily-like  or  pure,  as  an  innocent  might  guess,  but  is  the 
equivalent  for  roughneck,  an  unattractive  word;  so  the 
screen  version,  which  is  Americanized,  and  has  its  locale  in 
Coney  Island,  is  called  after  a  roller  coaster  show  where  the 
roughneck,  who  is  the  hero  of  its  strange  story,  works.  He  is 
a  barker,  the  best  on  the  island,  whose  ready  words  and  winning 
smiles  draw  a  steady  flow  of  dimes — purchase  money  for  trips 
to  Paradise — which  go  to  fill  the  pockets  of  the  Widow  Boland 
who  owns  the  concession  and  who  thinks  a  lot  of  Curley,  the 
barker,  in  quite  a  sentimental  fashion. 

Everything  is  running  smoothly  when  Nora,  a  pretty  young  girl,  new  to 
the  island  and  its  ways,  goes  for  a  ride  with  a  girl  friend,  on  the  Paradise 
coaster.  Her  fresh,  youthful,  modest  look  catches  Curley's  fancy.  He 
presents  the  girls  with  a  string  of  tickets,  good  for  rides,  and  becomes 
acquainted.  But  the  Widow  is  jealous  and  tyrannical:  she  fires  Curley 
for  leaving  his  post,  but  really  for  his  attentions  to  the  young  woman. 
Curley  is  not  in  the  habit  of  taking  life  seriously;  he  therefore  invites 
Nora  to  go  to  the  beach  with  him,  where  they  while  the  hours  away, 
watching  the  waves,  dancing,  and  falling  in  love.  When  Curley  learns 
that  they  have  stayed  out  so  late  that  Nora  wUl  be  shut  out  from  her 
home,  with  an  aunt  who  believes  in  early  hours,  there  is  a  midnight  mar- 
riage. The  fact  that  he  is  without  a  job  isn't  given  a  thought.  Isn't  he 
the  best  barker  on  the  island,  an  artist  in  his  line?  And  aren't  they 
young,  and  isn't  Curley  in  love  for  the  first  time  in  his  life  with  a  good 
girl,  his  bride,  and  aren't  they  happy?  They  are,  and  dwell  in  the  ele- 
gance of  the  "bridal  suite"  of  an  island  hotel — for  one  night,  which  about 
exhausts  Curley's  cash. 

But  Curley  doesn't  get  work  next  day,  as  he  so  confidently  hopes  he 
can,  for  the  Widow  has  made  it  her  business  to  let  all  her  friends  know 
that  she  let  Curley  go  because  he  wasn't  honest.  Discouraged,  but  facing 
his  new  responsibility,  Curley  "throws  in"  with  Nora's  aunt,  with  whom 
they  go  to  live,  putting  his  small  savings  in  her  business,  an  antiquated 
photographer's  shop. 

Under  the  strain  of  bad  business  everybody's  temper  breaks;  Curley 
loses  his  winning  smile,  and  Nora  her  delicate  charm.  Disgusted,  he  is 
about  to  leave  her,  when,  by  tumbling  over  a  tiny  knitted  boot,  the  rough- 
neck learns  that  he  is  about  to  become  a  father.  He  is  desperate  now, 
and  finally  agrees  to  do  a  crooked  job  with  a  safe-blower.  He  later  re- 
ceives the  shot  meant  for  the  householder  that  catches  the  burglars. 

This  brings  the  foregoing  rather  ordinary  story  to  a  remarkable  climax, 
and  furnishes  the  means  of  expressing  a  powerful  message.  Curley's 
body  lies  in  a  hospital,  he  is  perhaps  dying — the  doctors  put  him  on  an 
operating  table,  while  his  faithful  wife  prays.  And  we  see  that  prayers 
are  heard  in  Heaven,  for  Curley's  soul  is  there,  before  the  Bar  of  Judg- 
ment. Curley  makes  no  defense,  but  it  is  learned  that  even  if  his  act — 
attempted  burglary — was  bad,  the  motive  behind  it  was  right;  an  attempt 
to  provide  for  his  wife  and  child,  when  other  means  failed.  And  the 
lesson  is  borne  home,  "It  is  only  motives  that  count,"  while  the  prayer  of 
one  good  soul  wins  for  him  a  probation.  Curley  is  sent  back  to  Earth 
from  his  trial  at  God's  Court,  to  work  out  his  own  salvation.  He  gets 
well,  goes  to  work,  and  lives  to  give  his  wife  happiness. 

In  the  original  stage  production  Liliom  dies  and  his  soul  is  borne  to 
Heaven  for  trial  at  God's  Court.  The  judge,  after  hearing  the  testimony, 
permits  Liliom  to  return  to  Earth  for  a  probationary  period  of  fifteen 
years  during  which  time  he  must  do  at  least  one  good  deed.  His  spirit 
visits  the  home  of  his  widow  and  talks  with  his  daughter,  now  grown  to 
girlhood,  and  during  an  argument  at  the  gate  Liliom  slaps  her  face. 
God's  messenger  appears  and  takes  the  prisoner  back  for  sentence  to 
Purgatory.  It  is  clear  that  the  message  of  Molnar's  play  is  more  vivid 
and  compelling  than  that  of  the  screen  version  which  is  designed  for  a 
less  discriminating  public. 

The  trial  scenes  are  impressive  and  make  the  film  well  worth  seeing. 
The  characterizations  are  good,  and  the  picture  is  quite  free  from  sugges- 
tive scenes. 

A  Trip  to  Paradiue.    Distributed  by  Metro,     "i  reds. 


w 

"FIGHTING  WESTERN  PINE  BEETLES" 

'T'HIS  new  one-reeler  produced  by  the  United  States  Department  of 
■*•  Agriculture  is  a  graphic  story  of  the  work  of  the  Bureau  of  En- 
tomology in  controlling  this  pest  which  annually  causes  great  destruction 
among  valuable  timber. 

The  beetle  works  under  the  bark  of  the  pine  tree,  girdling  tlie  tree 
with  a  maze  of  passageways  which  in  course  of  time  kills  even  the  big- 
gest timbers.  In  one  scene  is  depicted  a  forest  giant  230  feet  higli  and 
seven  feet  in  diameter,  slain  by  a  mass  attack  of  these  pests.  The  work 
of  the  control  camps  and  the  treatment  of  bark,  Ilinbs  and  logs  in  dry 
weather  and  at  other  seasons  is  graphically  shown. 

Prints  are  for  sale  hy  the  department's  motion  picture  division  at 
approximately  $37  each,  the  cost  of  production. 


"GOD  AND  THE  MAN" 

AN  excellent  film  production,  which  was  one  of  the  out- 
standing features  of  the  Methodist  Centenary,  is  now  made 
available  to  all  branches  of  non-theatrical  motion  picture 
service.     It  is  based  on  a  story  by  Robert  Buchanan. 

Influenced  by  the  preaching  of  John  Wesley,  Mr.  Sefton  and  his  daugh- 
ter devote  their  lives  to  religious  work  in  England.  Tlie  daugliter  loves 
Christian  Christianson,  but  refuses  to  marry  him  because  of  his  hatred 
for  Orchardson  and  the  latter's  son,  Richard.  The  Orcliardsons  have 
dishonorably  acquired  control  of  the  Christianson  farm,  an  act  which 
precipitated  the  death  of  the  elder  Cliristianson,  and  out  of  which  grew 
a  profound  hatred  on  the  part  of  Mrs.  Christianson  which  hastened  her 
death. 

Christian,  at  the  instigation  of  his  mother,  has  vowed  vengeance  upon 
the  Orchardsons  and,  discovering  that  his  sister  is  in  love  with  Richard 
Orchardson,  he  gives  utterance  to  the  prayer,  "Give  me  an  hour  alone 
with  him."  Meanwhile  the  Seftons,  following  Wesley's  example,  are 
preaching  loving  kindness  to  all  their  fellows.  Richard  Orchardson  pre- 
tends conversion  and  is  asiduous  in  his  attentions  to  Miss  Sefton,  hoping 
to  gain  her  fortune  through  marriage.  Christian  discovering  that  his 
sister  Kate  is  now  scorned  by  Richard,  threatens  the  latter's  life. 
Thereupon  Richard  seeks  safety  in  flight,  sailing  for  America  with  the 
Seftons  wlio  are  going  thither  for  missionary  work  at  Wesley's  request. 
Christian  learns  Richard's  plans  and  ships  as  sea-man  on  the  same  vessel. 
His  identity  being  discovered,  a  fight  between  him  and  Ricliard  ensues 
and  Christian  is  chained  between  decks.  Richard  seeks  his  destruction 
by  firing  the  ship.  Passengers  and  crew  escape  on  a  Dutch  vessel 
only  to  be  caught  in  an  ice  floe  off  the  Labrador  coast.  Here  Christian's 
terrible  prayer  is  answered.  He  and  Richard  are  accidentally  left  be- 
hind when  the  ship  is  released  by  the  breaking  up  of  the  ice  floe.  At 
first  the  enmity  between  the  two  is  very  great,  but  finally  God's  great 
solitude  teaches  its  lesson  and  hatred  is  forgotten.  Before  Richard 
dies  from  effects  of  exposure,  the  two  have  become  friends.  Christian 
is  rescued  and  his  redemption  from  hatred  being  complete,  he  is  re- 
warded by  the  love  of  Miss  Sefton. 

This  picture  is  excellently  titled  and  bears  a  definite  message 

of  the  evil  effects  of  hatred  and  the  constructive  results  of  the 

practice  of  brotherly  love.     The  acting  is  finished  and  convincing. 

God  and  the  Man,  6  reels.  Central  Film  Company,  729  Seventh  Avenue 
New  York  City. 


"FINLAND"  IN  SIX  REELS 

'T'HIS  picture  was  made  in  Finland  during  the  summer  of  1921 
while  the  Helsingfors  Fair  was  in  progress.  H.  J.  Maki,  of 
Duluth,  Minn.,  representing  the  Finland  Film  Corporation,  was 
in  charge  of  the  American  exhibit  at  the  fair.  The  film  is  being 
exhibited  on  tour  in  the  movie  theaters  of  Michigan,  Minnesota, 
and  other  states  where  numbers  of  Finns  reside. 

"Our  purpose  in  showing  Finland  is  an  educational  one,"  said 
Mr.  Maki.  "American-born  Finns  who  have  never  visited  the 
land  of  their  forefathers  have  only  a  scant  conception  of  what 
Finland  looks  like.  Many  of  them  are  disposed  to  regard  it  as 
a  country  whose  customs  have  not  kept  step  with  progress.  We 
want  them  as  well  as  others  to  acquire  a  more  intimate  knowledge 
of  the  Finland  of  today. 

"Finland  is  known  universally  for  its  wonderful  architecture 
and  athletics.  The  city  of  Helsingfors  is  as  large  as  Minneapolis. 
An  ordinance  in  the  former  city,  however,  forbids  buildings  high- 
er than  six  stories  which  makes  its  principal  business  structures 
uniform.  We  intend  showing  Finland  in  the  principal  cities  of 
the  upper  peninsula  and  northern  Minnesota." 

"THE    SPORT    REVIEW" 

ATHLETES  and  others  interested  in  sports  will  be  given  tlie 
-'*■  opportunity  of  seeing  just  how  great  athletes  perform  in  a  new 
screen  magazine  devoted  entirely  to  sports.  The  Sport  Review,  pro- 
duced by  Jack  Eaton  and  edited  by  Grantland  Rice,  will  make  a  series 
of  jiictures  to  be  released  every  other  week,  and  will  devote  cadi  number 
to  a  particular  phase  of  sport.  The  first  picture,  to  be  distributed  by 
Goldwyn,  is  entitled  Speed  and  reveals  the  development  of  extreme 
speed  from  the  two-minute  trotting  horse  to  the  whizzing  airplane. 


u 


"THE  GREAT  AMERICAN  AUTHORS" 

A  SERIES    of   twelve    one-reel    pictures    visualizing    locales 
associated  with  famous  writers  and  some  of  their  best- 
known  works  is  being  placed  within  reach  of  non-theatrical 
exhibitors  seeking  high-class  material  of  combined  instructional 
and  entertainment  qualities. 

John  Greenleaf  Whittier  is  the  subject  of  the  initial  release. 
Opening  with  a  quotation  from  the  poet's  work  followed  by  his 
portrait,  the  picture  then  offers  views  of  his  birthplace  in  Haver- 
hill, Massachusetts;  the  near-by  "Haunted  Bridge;"  Haverhill 
Academy,  where  Whittier  studied;  the  family  home  at  Amesbury; 
and  the  poet's  grave.  Following  are  scenes  of  rare  charm  illus- 
trating "The  Barefoot  Boy,"  as  with  rod  and  line  and  alert  small 
dog  he  wanders  joyously  through  the  farm  lands  of  a  New  Eng- 
land summer.  Complete  harmony  is  maintained  between  the 
scenes  and  the  poet's  lines  which  are  given  as  sub-titles.  The  sec- 
ond poem  illustrated  is  a  portion  of  "Maud  Muller"  with  airy, 
sun-blessed  hay  fields  forming  a  picturesque  background  for  the 
scenes  between  Maud  and  the  Judge.  Some  may  feel  that  the 
Judge's  sentimental  admiration  of  the  young  girl's  ankles  might 
have  been  omitted;  yet  on  the  whole  this  poem  is  well  illustrated. 
The  Longfellow  reel  is  quite  ideal,  with  portrait;  views  of  the 
poet's  birthplace  and  his  boyhood  home,  both  in  Portland,  Me.; 
and  Craigie  House,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  where  his  adult  years 
were  spent  and  where  he  died.  The  grave  in  Mount  Auburn  is 
also  shown.  "The  Village  Blacksmith"  is  beautifully  illustrated 
and  the  film  ends  with  fine  seashore  views  linked  to  quotations 
from  "The  Psalm  of  Life." 

The  series  will  include  James  Russell  Lowell,  Edgar  Allan  Poe, 
Washington  Irving,  Nathaniel  Hawthorne  and  others,  whose  works 
are  among  the  great  American  classics. 

This  series  will  be  watched  with  interest,  as  it  meets  a  need  and 
meets  it  artistically  in  the  fullest  sense  of  that  much-  abused  term. 
James  A.  Fitzpatrick,  director  of  the  series,  is  no  stranger  to  non- 
theatrical  exhibitors,  his  well-known  Courtship  of  Miles  Standish 
attesting  to  his  skill  and  discrimination  as  a  director.     The  series 

is  edited  under  the  direction  of  Charles  Urban. 

The  Great  American  AMthors,  1  reel  each.    Kineto  Company  of  America,  Inc. 


THE  MUD-DAUBER  WASP  AND  HER  YOUNG 

AN  instructive  new  film  produced  by  the  Society  for  Visual  Educa- 
tion reveals  the  construction  of  a  mud  wasp's  nest,  after  the  same 
plans  and  out  of  the  same  materials  as  were  used  by  the  first  mud- 
dauber  centuries  ago. 

"The  mud-dauber  is  one  of  the  solitary  wasps,"  says  L.  M.  Belfleld, 
of  the  society's  staff.  "In  constructing  the  adobe  apartment  house 
which  is  to  shelter  her  wasplets,  she  has  no  helpers.  Alone  she 
scrapes  up  the  mud  with  her  strong  mandibles,  mixing  it  with  her 
saliva  until  she  has  formed  a  firm  cement.  Using  her  jaws  as  a  trowel, 
she  plasters  a  foundation  and  then  proceeds  to  shape  the  inch-long 
tubes  which  are  to  serve  as  breeding  cells  and  nurseries  for  her  babies. 
The  star  of  the  film  was  apparently  of  a  retiring  nature,  for  she  elected 
to  build  her  nest  high  up  among  the  dark  rafters  so  that  in  order  to 
get  the  picture  it  was  necessary  to  employ  adjustable  mirrors,  one  on 
the  roof  catching  the  light  and  reflecting  it  to  another  mirror  inside, 
which  in  turn  lighted  the  nest  itself. 

"Tlie  solitary  wasp  not  only  builds  the  nest  unaided,  but  provisions 
each  cell  with  live  spiders  which  she  has  stung  into  paralysis. 

"The  mother  wasp  captures  spiders,  makes  them  helpless  with  her 
sting,  and  packs  a  generous  supply  into  each  tube.  On  the  last  spider 
she  lays  a  tinv  egg.  Then  slie  brings  more  mud  and  caps  the  opening. 
After  her  apartment  house  is  completed  and  each  tube  well  stocked 
with  food,  she  carefully  smears  over  the  outside  to  camouflage  the 
exact  location  of  the  cells,  and  with  that  considers  her  duty  done. 
By  and  by  a  tiny  grub  will  batch  from  the  egg,  set  diligently  about  its 
business  of  cramming  itself  with  fresh  spider  meat,  and  presently  spin 
a  tliin  brown  cocoon.  In  tlie  spring  it  emerges  from  this  silken  shell 
and  with  its  strong-toothed  jaws  cuts  its  way  out  of  its  house  of  clay 
into  a  world  of  work  and  sunshine." 


GREATEST  NAVAL  BATTLE  OF  THE  GREATEST  WAR 

"The  Battle  of  Jutland,"  in  Three  Reels,  Took  Three  Years  to 

Produce  and  Is  Historically  Accurate 

rHE  BATTLE  OF  JUTLAND,  the  three  reel  motion  picture 
which  has  been  in  preparation  in  England  since  the  close 
of  the  war  and  which  gives  the  first  clear  visualization  of 
what  actually  happened  at  that  greatest  of  all  the  world's  naval 
conflicts,  has  been  brought  to  the  United  States  by  Educational 
Film  Exchanges.  The  monumental  character  of  the  work  under- 
taken by  Maj.  Gen.  Sir  George  Aston,  Bruce  Woolfe,  and  their 
colleags  when  they  set  out  to  film  the  battle  of  Jutland  is  difficult 
to  comprehend.  The  task  of  preparing  the  outline  of  the  action 
took  two  years,  and  another  period  of  twelve  months  was  occu- 
pied in  the  filming  of  the  battle. 

All  British  reports  of  the  battle  were  studied,  and  every  detail 
in  the  logs  of  gunnery  officers  of  the  British  fleet  was  noted.  Then 
Sir  George,  Mr.  Woolfe  and  their  colleags  began  the  study  of 
the  corresponding  material  on  the  German  side.  When  the  data 
of  both  sides  were  compared  it  was  found  that  they  were  fre- 
quently at  variance,  and  the  British  and  German  authorities  were 
brought  together  to  iron  out  the  differences.  It  was  not  until  both 
sides  had  agreed  on  every  move  in  this  terrific  conflict  that  the 
work  of  actually  filming  the  picture  was  begun. 

A  model  was  made  for  each  ship  which  took  part  in  the  battle — 
an  exact  replica  of  the  fighting  vessel.  These  were  so  small  that 
the  models  of  both  fleets  were  maneuvred  on  a  field  only  eight 
feet  square,  although  at  times  there  were  as  many  as  seventy 
ships  in  movement  at  the  same  time.  A  model  could  not  be 
moved  more  than  a  sixteenth  of  an  inch  at  a  time.  The  picture, 
of  course,  was  taken  by  the  "stop  motion"  process,  one  exposure 
at  a  time.  Before  each  of  these  exposures  the  models  had  to  be 
moved  in  accordance  with  the  detailed  plan  of  the  battle.  Fre- 
quently each  ship  in  the  field  had  to  be  moved  for  each  separate 
exposure.  Nearly  2,000,000  separate  hand  movemenU  of  the 
models  were  made.  The  film  really  consists  of  50,000  snapshots 
merged  into  one  composite  film  and  is  a  triumph  of  patience,  tech- 
nical skill,  and  historical  accuracy. 

VISUALIZING  PREHISTORIC  ANIMALS 

ly/TAJOR  HERBERT  M.  DAWLEY  has  followed  his  prehistoric 
•^  one-reeler,  Ghosts  of  Slumber  Mountain,  with  a  two-reel  film 
of  similar  theme,  entitled  Along  the  Moonbeam  Trail.  The  in- 
structive message  of  the  picture  is  presented  in  the  form  of  a 
dream  fairy  story. 

Two  boys,  who  are  camping  out,  dream  of  a  trip  by  magic 
airplane  among  the  stars  under  the  guidance  of  Queen  Mab  and 
Mother  Goose,  landing  finally  on  a  strange  and  distant  planet. 
Here  they  see,  alive,  the  huge  animals  of  prehistoric  times  which 
they  have  known  before  at  the  Natural  History  Museum  in  restora- 
tion or  reproduction. 

This  picture  has  the  endorsement  of  Raymond  L.  Ditmars,  the 
American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  and  the  New  York  Zoo- 
logical Society.  It  is  a  notable  achievement  of  decided  scientific 
and  instructional  value  for  children  old  enough  not  to  be  fright- 
ened by  the  unusual  monsters.  Prospective  exhibitors  may  wish 
to  view  the  picture  with  their  individual  groups  in  mind. 

Along  tlie  Moonbeam  Trail,  2  reels.  Distributed  by  Alexander  Film  Corp., 
ISO  West  46th  St.,  New  York;  Lea-Bel  JFilms  Co.,  804-806  South  Wabash  Ave., 
aiicago;  New  Era  Films,  21  East  Tth  St.,  Chicago. 

A  device  for  rapid  unloading  of  grain,  coal,  and  other  products  from 
box  cars  was  successfully  demonstrated  by  film  in  the  salesroom  of  the 
Ottumwa  Box  Car  Unloader  Company,  Ottumwa,  111. 


PHOTOPLAY  WRITTEN  AND  DIRECTED  BY  A  NUN 

A    COLLEGE   play   in   motion   pictures,   the  scenario   written 

and  the  play  directed  by  one  of  the  nuns  of  a  conservative 

girls'  college  and  the  play  staged  and  acted  by  convent-bred  girls, 

is  something  new  under  the  sun. 

Now  that  a  beginning  has  been  made  a  number  of  colleges  will 
probably  follow  the  example  of  the  Dramatic  Association  of 
the  College  of  St.  Elizabeth,  Convent  Station,  N.  J.,  which  pre- 
sented the  three  reel  picture  Classified  in  the  spring  of  1921  in- 
stead of  the  annual  college  play. 

Classified  shows  college  scenes  and  activities  but  it  also  has  a 
plot.  The  story  centers  around  Betty  Joyce,  a  senior  of  char- 
itable intent,  who,  having  made  a  New  Year  resolution  to  be  kind 
to  everybody,  goes  out  of  her  way  to  be  nice  to  Rosalia  Judd, 
an  unclassified  student,  who  though  in  the  college  is  not  of  it. 
Things  happen  that  make  Betty  and  her  friends  think  Rosalia  is 
a  snob  and  no  one  in  that  college  likes  a  snob.  But  the  mis- 
understanding is  cleared  up  and  all  ends  happily. 

The  usual  college  play  is  an  ephemeral  thing,  enjoyed  today, 
forgotten  tomorrow  by  all  but  a  very  few.  But  the  college 
motion  picture  play  is  something  new.  It  can  be  kept  as  an  his- 
torical record,  shown  to  succeeding  classes  and  to  other  col- 
leges where  it  may  serve  as  an  incentive  for  the  writing  and 
production  of  more  and  belter  college  plays  until  in  time  there 
will  be  built  up  a  film  library  showing  the  activities  and  tradi- 
tions of  leading  colleges. 

Classified.  Distributed  by.  National  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Pictures,  Inc., 
232  West  88th  street.  New  York.    2  reels. 

Ml        M 

TWO  UNUSUAL  BURTON  HOLMES  TRAVELOGS 
'T'HE  designing  and  dyeing  of  batik,  which  has  recently  had  such 
vogue  in  America,  makes  especially  timely  a  film  turned  in  the 
land  from  which  this  applied  art  has  come.  In  Batik  Land  visual- 
izes the  quaint  little  city  of  Bandoeng,  Java,  where  the  traveler  is 
fascinated  by  street  and  market-place  scenes  and  studies  in  detail 
the  making  of  genuine  Javanese  batik. 

A  revelation  of  the  grandeur  of  the  grandest  of  all  carions  is 
given  in  Across  the  Grand  Canon  which  takes  the  tourist  by  a  new 
route  through  an  old  wonderland.  A  steel  bridge  has  been  con- 
structed in  the  depth  of  the  Grand  Caiion  spanning  the  raging 
Colorado  River  at  one  of  the  most  dramatic  points  of  its  long, 
winding  course.  The  Burton  Holmes  party  was  accorded  the 
privilege  of  being  the  first  to  make  the  trip  from  the  hotel  at 
El  Tovar  to  the  North  Rim  and  back,  and  the  views  obtained  are 
of  exceptional  grandeur. 

Ml         Ml 

MR.  OX  WARBLE  PLAYS  THE  VILLAIN  IN  THIS  PICTURE 

'T'HE  ox  warble  has  at  last  been  made  to  appear  in  its  true  rdle.  This 
-■•  pest  plays  the  villain  in  a  recently  released  United  States  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture  motion  picture  The  Ox  Warble — A  $50,000,000 
Tune. 

The  screen  story  of  the  ox  warble  tells  of  a  farmer  who  observes  a 
falling  off  in  millt  production  from  his  herd  and  is  unable  to  ascertain 
the  reason.  He  calls  the  county  agent  and  tells  his  troubles.  The 
county  agent  discovers  the  presence  of  the  pest  in  the  herd  and  sum- 
mons the  "government  bug  man."  The  government  entomologist  goes 
over  the  herd,  uncovers  the  villain,  gives  tlie  farmer  full  details  re- 
garding the  life  history  of  the  insect,  and  instructions  how  to  rid  the 
herd  of  tlie  expensive  and  unwelcome  guest. 

In  visualizing  the  subject  many  unusual  scenes  have  been  included. 
The  pictures  present  a  grapliic  description  of  the  insect  and  the 
damage  caused  l)y  it.  The  annual  loss  in  hides,  milk,  and  beef  due 
to  this  parasite  is  estimated  by  tlie  Bureau  of  Entomology  to  be  far 
In  excess  of  $80,000,000.  The  film  urges  community  cooperation  in 
fighting  the  pest.  Prints  of  the  film  may  be  borrowed  free  for  short 
periods  from  the  department,  or  may  be  purchased  for  permanent  use 
at   a  cost  of  approximately  $40  each. 


FIELD  AND  STREAM  SPORT  PICTURES 

NATIONAL  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Pictures,  Incorporated, 
is  the  medium  of  distribution  for  the  new  Field  and  Stream 
releases  which  bring  to  the  dwellers  in  wintry  cities  more 
than  a  whifF  of  the  big  out-of-doors  and  "the  days  of  real  sport." 

A  split  reel  is  entitled  A  Day  With  the  Blues  Off  Long  Island, 
and  Week-end  With  a  Come-Cart,  the  first  part  visualizing  amateur 
menhaden  fishing,  the  second  furnishing  scenes  of  a  motor  party 
with  a  trailer  fitted  up  as  a  cabin.  This  second  episode  contains 
some  unnecessary  material  which  the  careful  exhibitor  may,  upon 
inspection,  decide  to  have  cut.  Another  split  reel  is  devoted  ex- 
clusively to  fishing.  The  first  half.  Deep  Sea  Fishing  Off  Mon- 
tauk's  Rocky  Point,  shows  the  unique  sport  of  reel-and-pole  fishing 
from  the  shore  at  Montauk,  the  fisherman  throwing  his  line  di- 
rectly into  the  surf  and  drawing  in  his  catch  over  the  stony  beach. 
Another  method  consists  of  fishing  from  platforms  built  out  from 
shore  for  the  express  purpose.  The  catch  is  the  gamey  striped 
bass,  the  capture  of  which  requires  as  much  skillful  playing  as 
does  the  brook  trout. 

The  second  half  of  this  reel.  Over  the  Deep  Blue  Sea  For  Tuna, 
shows  the  amateur  fishermen  trolling  with  block-tin  squid.  The 
first  to  land  a  tuna  cashes  in;  the  others,  by  agreement,  then  get 
out  of  the  way  leaving  a  clear  field  to  the  victor  who  soon  catches 
another. 

In  a  third  reel,  entitled  A  Day  of  Big  Bass  on  Long  Island,  a 
group  of  literary  men,  including  Editor  Robert  H.  Davis  and  Irv- 
ing S.  Cobb,  are  shown  as  modern  Waltons  successfully  landing 
the  succulent  bass.  Little  further  comment  is  necessary  to  excite 
interest  in  this  absorbing  picture  when  it  is  stated  that  Mr.  Cobb 
has  written  the  titles  in  his  own  inimitable  way. 

Other  pictures  in  the  series  will  follow  at  short  intervals,  the 
entire  group  serving  to  furnish  a  description  of  sport-hunting  in 
all  parts  of  the  country.  These  pictures  will  find  appreciative 
spectators  especially' among  the  gatherings  of  sportsmen,  Rotary 
Clubs,  Fraternal  Orders,  and  the  like. 

Ml         Ml 

"PERMANENT  PEACE" 

A  N  interesting  film  and  one  of  timely  importance  is  Permanent 
Peace  wherein  are  shown  some  of  the  participants  in  the  pres- 
ent disarmament  conference,  views  of  the  Peace  Conference  at 
Versailles  and  its  leading  figures,  as  well  as  scenes  in  Geneva 
where  the  League  of  Nations  meets.  These  scenes  are  followed  by 
glimpses  of  great  men  interspersed  by  sub-titles  embodying  their 
utterances  upon  the  world's  great  need  of  peace.  "Lest  we  for- 
get," actual  scenes  filmed  on  the  battlefields  of  France  during 
action,  are  shown  as  are  glimpses  of  the  great  navies  whose  future 
is  now  under  consideration.  A  stirring  reel  well-calculated  to 
aid  the  cause  of  world  peace. 

Permanent  Peace,  1  reel.    Kineto. 

Ml         Ml 

FOUR  NEW  NATURE  REELS  OF  MINNESOTA 

■V/TOUE  than  4,000  feet  of  film  depicting  bird  and  plant  life  in  Minne- 
•'•'•'-  sola  and  scenery  in  Itasca  Park  liave  been  shown  to  students  of 
the  University  of  Minnesota.  Tlie  pictures  were  taken  by  Dr.  Thomas 
S.  Roberts,  professor  of  ornithology  and  associate  curator  of  tlie  zoo- 
logical museum  at  the  university. 

The  pictures  taken  in  tlie  park  Prof.  Roberts  will  add  to  a  collec- 
tion he  now  has  which  he  calls  "lyittle  Journeys  Around  Itasca  Park." 
For  several  years  it  has  been  his  custom  to  conduct  a  series  of 
Sunday  afternoon  lectures  in  the  lecture  auditorium  of  tlie  biology 
building  at  which  times  motion  pictures  of  Itasca  Park  were  shown. 
These   lectures  Jiave   proved    very   popular. 

The  films  made  this  suimner  probably  will  not  be  shown  publicly 
until  the  lectures  are  given  in  January,  February  and  March. 


16 


PATHE  REVIEWS  OF  DIVERSIFIED  INTEREST 

TYPICAL  county  fair  is  the  subject  of  the  Hy  Mayer  Travelaugh 
in  PatM  Review  No.  1S3.  "Slick  Clicks"  demonstrates  in  slow 
•notion  characteristic  shots  of  Fred  B.  Hall,  champion  pool-player.  The 
Path^color  subject  shows  a  gold  fish  pedler  of  Japan  as  he  collects  his 
jold  fish  from  his  own  hatching-pond  and  wanders  through  picturesque 
Tillage  streets  seeking  customers.  "Dinner  Time  in  Frog  Land"  brings 
the  spectator  back  to  the  New  York  Zoo  and  the  various  types  of 
frogs  to  be  seen  there. 

Pathi  Review  No.  ISi  presents  a  chrysanthemum  show  in  Pathfi- 
:olor  and  a  study  of  the  sub-tropical  air-plants  common  to  Florida 
and  other  Gulf  States.  In  distinction  to  the  aify  delicacy  of  these 
plants  are  the  hippopotomi  at  the  New  York  Zoo,  their  fast  rushes 
through  the  water  analyzed  in  slow  motion,  and  their  appetite  for 
bread  and  vegetables  fully  demonstrated.  An  attractive  feature  of  the 
review  is  "A  Day  At  Vassar,"  visualizing  the  American  college  girl  as 

I  seen  on  a  famous  campus. 

I  Slow  motion  studies  of  cormorants  and  pelicans  at  dinner  form 
amusing  no  less  than  instructive  material  in  Pathi  Review  No.  1Z5. 
rhe  Path^color  contribution  brings  to  the  screen  the  French  Vosges 
mountain  region  and  its  picturesque  peasant  life.  "Sand  and  Sun- 
shine" is  the  name  Hy  Mayer  gives  to  his  Travelaugh  sketches  of 
funny  scenes  at  the  beach.  Fat  women  bathers,  "Portraits  of  Sea 
Legs,"  and  a  shore  dinner  are  included.  The  reel  concludes  with 
Studies    of    Friesian    and    Dutch    millinery,    the    styles    of    which    date 

i.back  to  A.D.  1500. 

^     Pathi  Review  No.  1S6  introduces  a  little  dooryard  scene  with  chil- 

!  dren  swinging  in  an  old  tree-swing  while  their  cat  and  fox  terrier 
frolic  in  the  grass.  Slow  motion  studies  of  the  scene  give  a  wonderful 
analysis  of  the  play  of  muscles  as  the  two  animals  move  about.  Pre- 
historic Florida  is  touched  upon  in  views  of  New  Smyrna  where  an 
ancient  drainage  canal  indicates  a  marvelous  feat  of  engineering;  and 
nameless  ruins,  the  builders  of  which  cannot  be  determined,  speak  of  a 
civilization  antedating  Columbus.  "The  Jolly  Jelly  Fish"  shows  various 
species  enjoying  life  below  the  surface  of  the  water.  "Sun  Hats  of  the 
Far  South"  is  a  Path^color  showing  Algerians  making  hats  from  date 
pahu   leaves. 

Tlie  outstanding  feature  of  Pathi  Review  No.  1H7  is  a  slow  motion 
athletes  of  internatonal  repute.  This  is  followed  by  "Snow-Time  In 
athlets  of  international  repute.  This  is  followed  by  "Snow-Time  In 
Japan"  which  illustrates  village  life  in  winter  on  the  slopes  of  Fuji- 
yama. In  the  Hy  Mayer  Travelaugh  "All  Aboard !"  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
New  York  visit  the  nearby  beach  resorts.  The  Path^color  offering  pre- 
sents the  beautiful  Italian  Lake  Como  and  Como,  its  chief  city. 

Pathi  Review  No.  ISS  includes  views  of  Hamilton,  Bermuda,  and  the 
adjacent  country;  an  amusing  slow-motion  study  of  a  kangaroo  boxing 
with  its  keeper;  the  fad  of  surf-dancing  illustrated  hy  young  girls  per- 
forming esthetic  dances  at  the  water's  edge;  and  a  Pathicolor  visualiza- 
tion of  "The  Rose  and  Its  History." 

L'^nder  the  title  "Speeding  By  the  Ton,"  elephant  racing  in  Perak  is 
shown  in  Pathi  Review  No.  JS9.  The  slow-motion  section  of  the  reel 
furnishes  a  highly  diverting  study  of  the  play  of  facial  muscles  during 
various  kinds  of  sneezing.  Star  fish,  "The  Oyster's  Enemy,"  is  shown 
in  many  of  its  varieties.  The  Path&olor  offering  is  "A  Day  in  the  Life 
of  a  Geisha;"  and  a  fine  scenic  reveals  the  architectural  beauties  of 
Princeton  University. 

"SPRING  VALLEY" 

'T'HIS  five  reel  rural  drama  was  produced  for  the  Illinois  Agricul- 
-*■  tural  Association  by  the  Venard  Film  Corporation,  of  Peoria, 
which  has  been  specializing  in  farm  films  for  six  years.  The  picture 
is  said  to  be  a  faithful  study  of  the  farmer  and  farm  "conditions  as 
they  actually  exist  in  Illinois.  Its  primary  purpose  is  to  teach  the 
farmer  the  value  of  organization  through  the  national,  state,  and 
county  farm  bureau  movement.  The  film  also  shows  the  advantages 
gained  by  more  scientific  farming,  such  as  a  careful  study  of  the  plant- 
ing of  different  grains  and  the  treatment  of  grain  for  various  diseases. 
Cooperative  marketing,  accurate  cost  finding,  and  other  points  are 
covered  in  the  picture  which  is  done  in  story  form.  Schools,  churches, 
clubs,  granges,  farmers'  institutes  in  rural  communities  will  exhibit  the 
film. 


B<       ill 

UNITED  STATES  HISTORY 
I. 
ON  CARIBBEAN-LAPPED  SHORES— Be.««;er  1    reel 

Fine  scenics  taken  amongst  the  West  Indies  that  were  dis- 
covered by  Columbus. 
COMING  OF  COLUMBUS— Community  Motion  Picture  Service  3  reels 
Follows  history  closely  from  Columbus'  efforts  at  La  Rabida 
to  his  return  from  the  New  World  in  chains. 

UNITED  STATES  HISTORY 

II. 
TROPICAL  MELTING  POT— Beseler  1   reel 

Scenes  in  the  West  Indies  discovered  by  Columbus. 
LANDING  OF  COLUMBUS— C'^mmuniiy  Motion  Picture  Service  1    reel 

Condensed   from  the  three-reel  Coming  of  Columbus. 


By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

INSPIRATIONAL  PROGRAM  (For  the  New  Year) 

I    AND   THE    MOUNTAIN— iVaJiona/   Non-Theatrical   Motion 

Pictures,   Inc _ _ _ 1    reel 

Man's  mastery  over  difficulties  of  mountain-climbing, 

PLAY  AND  BE  HAl'PY—Comm/unity  Service,  Inc _ 1    reel 

Regulated  play  for  children  a  constructive  force  in  their  lives. 

BETTER  TIMES— Roberaton-CoU   _ _ 5  reels 

The  inspiring  message  of  a  "Better  Times"  calendar  starts 
a  young  girl  on  the  high  road  to  overcoming  great  difficulties 
through  establishing  optimism  in  her  own  mind.  Cut  man 
stealing  cigar  from  hotel  show  case. 

INSPIRATIONAL  PROGRAM  (For  the  New  Year) 

MANHATTAN   hlFE—Kineto  1    reel 

Parks,  bridges,  university,  and  other  aids  to  progress   and 

right-living  enjoyed  by  New  York's  teeming  millions. 
HAPPY  HOURS— Fitzpatrick  and  McBlroy   (Ford) 1    reel 

Sport  scenes  Including  basketball,  pofo,  sailing,  etc. 
THE  HABIT  OF  HAPPINESS— i^iZm  Exhibitors'  League,  130 

W.  46th  Street,  New  York _ _ 5  reels 

Douglas  Fairbanks  illustrates  the  practice  and  advantages  of 

the  habit.     In  part  .5  shorten  fight  scene. 

TRAVEL-RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (England) 
BY  THE  SIDE  OF  THE  ROAD— Educational  1    reel 

Motor  trip  through  picturesque  rural  England.     Cut  title; 

"Blow  hard,  Jimmy,"  etc. 
THE  ROAD  TO  LONDON— Paift^  _ 5  reels 

Bryant  Washburn  in  a  whimsical  romance  filmed  in  London, 

Windsor,  and  intervening  region. 
A  DAY'S  FUN  AT  BLACKPOOI^-7«ne<o  _ 1    reel 

Typical  Lancashire  family   (enacted  by  English  comedians), 

visits  the  "Coney  Island  of  England." 

GENERAL  RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM 

GARDEN  OF  THE  GODS— Kineto  - 1    reel 

The  wonderful  show-place  of  Colorado. 
THE  J.\CK  KNIFE  MAN— Pirjft  National  ..., 6  reels 

Reformation  of  a  Mississippi  River  ne'er-do-well. 
THE  GUSHER— Fox _ _ ....1/2  reel 

Mutt  and  Jeff  in  the  oil  fields. 

YOSEMITE,  THE   VALLEY   OF   ENCHANTMENT— Part^  2  reels 
Views    in    natural    colors    titled    in    words    of    Muir,    Bur- 
roughs, and  other  nature-lovers. 

SUCH  A  LITTLE  QUEEN— Beatart  5  reels 

Constance  Binney  in  the  whimsical  story  of  the  young  exiled 
queen  of  an  imaginary  European  country  living  in  a  New 
York  flat. 

HIS  SISTER'S  WEDDING— Famous  {Briggs)  1    reel 

A  spirited  comedy  of  boy  life. 

INSTRUCTIONAL-RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (For  Juniors) 

THE    LONE    INDIAN— Famow    (Post)^ _.  1    reel 

How  the  Indian  boy  learns  self-reliance  and  self-control. 

BOYS'  PIG  CLUB— Famo««   {Burton  Uohnes)   1    reel 

Real  boys  in  a  real  town  learn  how  to  raise  prize  pigs. 

THE  GOLDEN  EAGLET— y.  M.  C.  A 1    reel 

A  Girl  Scout  picture. 

SHIFT-THE-GEAR    FRANK— Zro    L.    Hickt   and    Co.,   Inc., 

804  S.  Wabash  Ave.,  Chicago 2  reels 

Frank  was  leader  of  a  boys'  gang,  energetic  and  enterpris- 
ing. He  learned  to  shift  those  energies  into  the  right  direc- 
tion. A  Judge  Brown  story,  full  of  humor  and  constructive 
suggestion. 

NUMBER    PLEASE  !—Pa«ft^   „ _...  2  reels 

Harold  Lloyd  in  a  clean  comedy  of  thrills  and  adventures 
at  an  amusement  park. 

INSTRUCTIONAL-RECREATIONAL   PROGRAM 

(For  Little  Folks) 

BIRDS  AND  FLOAVRRS— Pnima  „ 1    reel 

Rare  birds  of  brilliant  plumage.     Two  children  in  the  largest 

dahlia  farm  in  the  world. 
GOLDILOCKS  UP-TO-DATE— /n<erna«ton«i  Church  Film  Corp.  1    reel 

The  dear  old  story  with  "Flivvers"  for  the  bears. 
OUR  FARMYARD  FRIENDS— Bf»«/er  _ _ 1    reel 

Rabbits,   chickens,   ducklings,   and   other   playmates   of   the 

farm. 
THE  WHITE  BOTTLE— A'ationa/  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Pic- 
tures,  Inc '. _ - 2  reels 

Story  making  appeal  to  children  to  drink  more  milk. 
THE  HARE  .\ND  THE  TORTOISE— /i^ineto  Vi    reel 

La  Fontaine's  fiilile  acted  by  animals.  Omit  modern  applica- 
tion at  end  of  film. 

17 


I  'I "  ■  <  1 1 1 1 ri  mum  I  urn  II  nil  I  titih  t) 


INDUSTRIAL 


I 


m 


imnmiiiiiHitiimttii 


iiiiriimiiiinitiittiitiiHi 


IIMIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIII 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 

INDUSTRIAL  MOVIES  AT  "AMERICA'S  MAKING"  EXPOSITION 

Activities  of  Hungarians,  Poles,  Greeks,  Norwegians,  and  Negroes 
in  America  Instructively  Visualized 


MOTION   pictures   visualized   the  industrial   activities   of 
some  of  the  important  racial  groups  taking  part  in  the 
exposition  "America's  Making,"  October  29  to  Novem- 
ber 12,  in  New  York  City,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
State  and  City  Departments  of  Education. 

The  program  on  Hungarian  night  included  a  short  reel  of 
motion  pictures  illustrating  the  development  of  the  motion  picture 
industry.  It  was  the  genius  of  Adolph  Zukor,  an  American  of 
Hungarian  lineage,  which  recognized  years  ago  the  artistic  and 
recreational  value  of  the  screen  and  was  influential  in  developing 
the  industry  so  that  it  now  ranks  fifth  in  importance  in  the 
United  States. 

The  film  exhibited  illustrated  the  development  of  the  photoplay 
and  showed  in  contrast  scenes  from  one  of  the  first  productions 
made  by  Famous  Players  and  scenes  from  one  of  their  recent 
features  distributed  by  the  Famous  Players-Lasky  Corporation, 
in  which  all  modem  methods  of  production  are  employed  to 
make  the  screen  drama  perfect  in  detail. 

Achievements  of  Polish-Americans 

Americans  of  Polish  lineage  told  their  story  of  the  achieve- 
ments of  the  Poles  in  the  United  States  in  motion  pictures.  Polish 
miners  are  recognized  as  efficient  workmen  throughout  the  United 
States  and  coal  mining  has  attracted  thousands  of  them.  In  Penn- 
sylvania 95,000  Poles  are  mining  coal,  and  scenes  depicting  the 
hardships  of  coal  mining  were  screened. 

Forty-five  per  cent  of  the  Poles  in  America  till  the  soil.  Their 
industry  and  efficiency  reclaim  the  waste  places.  Pictures  of 
Polish  agricultural  activities  showed  the  untiring  energy  of  the 
Poles  in  contributing  their  share  of  labor  to  the  production  of 
bumper  crops. 

The  backbone  of  a  nation  is  iu  homes  and  the  Poles  are  proud 
of  their  American  dwellings.  In  the  film  are  visited  many  vine- 
covered  Polish-American  homes,  many  of  them  with  gardens  and 
all  with  an  atmosphere  of  neatness  and  prosperity. 

When  the  United  States  entered  the  World  War,  the  Poles 
were  among  the  first  to  enlist.  There  were  200,000  Poles  in  the 
American  army  and  the  picture  includes  scenes  of  Paderewski, 
the  famous  Polish  pianist,  at  Camp  Grant,  addressing  the  Polish- 
American  boys  who  were  being  trained  at  the  camp  for  overseas 
duty.  The  picture  was  edited  and  titled  by  the  Community  Mo- 
tion Picture  Bureau. 

The  program  of  the  Americans  of  Greek  lineage  included  a 
motion  picture  of  the  sponge  industry,  as  there  are  over  4,000 
Greeks  employed  in  sponge  fishing  in  the  United  Slates.  This 
film  was  furnished  by  the  Kineto  Company  of  America. 

Negro  Occupational  Pictures 

Films  were  used  in  the  negro  program  to  visualize  the  im- 
portance of  negro  labor  in  many  big  industries.  The  film  showed 
the  negro  man  and  woman  employed  in  cotton  cultivation,  pick- 


in, 

\ 


ing  and  packing  for  shipment,  and  scenes  in  the  cotton  mills, 
skilled  negro  industrial  workers  using  modern  machines.  Farm- 
ing scenes  depicted  the  negro's  familiarity  with  modern  agricul- 
tural implements.  There  were  pictures  of  skilled  workmen  in 
various  capacities  as  cabinet  makers,  carpenters,  wheelwrights, 
builders,  painters,  masons,  bricklayers,  horse-shoers,  and  many 
other  occupations  in  which  the  negro  has  played  an  importa 
part  in  the  industrial  development  of  America.  The  picture  w 
edited  and  titled  by  the  Community  Bureau. 

Important  Norwegian  Industrials 

The  Americans  of  Norwegian  lineage  used  the  motion  picture 
in  their  program  to  emphasize  the  industrial  contribution  made 
by  Norwegians  in  America's  making.  In  Michigan,  Wisconsin, 
Minnesota,  and  the  Pacific  slope  Norwegians  are  the  pionee 
in  the  lumber  industry,  and  scenes  of  their  efficiency  as  lumb^ 
jacks  were  shown  in  the  film  followed  by  views  of  lumber  mil 
in  which  Norwegian  workmen  are  in  the  majority.  There  are 
more  people  of  Norwegian  blood  in  the  United  States  than  in  Nor- 
way, and  four-fifths  of  them  are  farmers  or  connected  with  agri- 
cultural pursuits.  Scenes  of  their  agricultural  activities  in  various 
localities  in  the  United  States  were  shown  in  pictures.  Americ 
fisheries  on  the  sea  coasts  and  Great  Lakes  owe  much  of  thei 
success  to  the  skill  and  indomitable  courage  of  Norwegian  fish© 
men,  portrayed  in  scenes  of  the  fishing  industry  and  their  skill 
canning  fish. 

Skiing,  king  of  all  outdoor  sports,  was  introduced  in  Ameri^ 
by  the  Norwegians  and  this  exhilarating  and  health-producini 
sport  has  been  encouraged  by  Norwegians  in  all  parts  of  the 
country  where  snow  conditions  make  it  possible.     The  pictu 
was  edited  and  titled  by  the  Community  Bureau. 


•     A  NEW  DU  PONT  PICTURE 

A  TWO  reel  picture  showing  the  stability,  size,  and  impor- 
tance of  the  Du  Pont  de  Nemours  dye  stuff  industry  is 
being  exhibited  throughout  the  world  to  large  industrial  interests 
who  are  interested  in  the  dye  industry  and  to  large  consumers 
of  American  dyes.  A  panoramic  view  of  the  manufacturing 
plant  of  Du  Pont  de  Nemours  at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  estab- 
lished in  ]802  and  now  covering  two  square  miles,  gives  th? 
spectator  an  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  organization. 

The  research  laboratory  and  instrument  standardization  dj 
partments  are  shown.  The  indigo  plant  is  one  of  the  large 
in  the  world  and  the  production  of  this  important  commodilj 
is  graphically  portrayed.  The  film  also  covers  the  manufactulj 
of  intermediates  and  the  laboratory  where  the  dyes  are  teste 
on  textiles,  leather,  and  paper.  The  plant  has  excellent  shippir 
facilities  and  ocean-going  steamers  can  dock  at  the  Du  Pont 
wharf  to  unload  or  take  on  cargo  for  export. 

The  picture  was  produced  by  the  Eastern  Film  Corporation. 


18 


I, 


'LINKING  THE  THREE  AMERICAS' 


AN  interesting  feature  of  the  lecture  given  by  Dr.   A.  N. 
Goldsmith  of  tlie  College  of  the  City  of  New  York  before 
the  American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers  on  Novem- 
ber 17  was  the  first  showing  of  a  new  one-reel  informational 
motion    picture,    Linking   the    Three   Americas,    made    for    All 
;  America  Cables  Inc.,  by  Frederic  M.  Dowd  Productions. 

The  picture  covers  the  entire  story  of  the  operations  and  ser- 
\uc  of  the  All  America  over  its  25,000  miles  of  submarine  lines 
I  between  the  United  States  and  the  countries  of  Central  and  South 
America  and  the  West  Indies. 

The  familiar  red,  white  and  blue  insignia  of  "All  America 
Cables"  reproduced  in  colors  leads  up  to  a  contrast  between  the 
old  Indian  signal  fires  and  the  modern  system  of  cable  transmis- 
sion. The  scope  of  the  All  America  system  is  developed  through 
an  animated  map  showing  the  extent  of  the  lines  and  the  points 
at  which  the  landings  are  made.  This  is  followed  by  scenes  of 
cable  laying,  both  deep  sea  and  inshore,  including  a  technical 
animated  visualization  of  the  construction  of  deep  sea  and  inshore 
cable. 

Then  tlie  proper  way  of  preparing  a  cable  code  message  is 
shown  by  contrasting  pictures,  preceding  a  complete  demonstra- 
tion, by  picture  and  animation,  of  the  modern  automatic  method 
of  cable  transmission.     The  sending  operator  places  the  message 
in  the  rack  over  his  typewriter-like  machine  and  strikes  the  cor- 
responding letters  on  the  key-board.     Each  letter  struck  produces 
a  series  of  perforations  in  the  narrow  paper  strip  passing  through 
tthe   head    of   his   machine.     This   strip    immediately   enters   the 
"transmitting  machine  where  the  perforations  are  transformed  into 
'electric  impulses  that  are  placed  on  the  cable  and  the  message  is 
on  its  way.     As  a  precaution  against  errors  in  transmission  the 
strip  then  runs  through  a  "baby"  recording  machine  enabling 
the  sending  operator  to  at  once  see  the  message  as  it  will  reach 
destination  and  detect  any  mistake,  though  mistakes  are  rare. 

Another  animated  may  shows  the  message  actually  traveling 
from  New  York  to  Rio  de  Janeiro,  impressing  the  observer  with 
the  speed  attainable  by  the  cable  method  of  international  com- 
munication, bringing  points  at  five  and  six  thousand  miles  dis- 
tance within  thirty  or  forty  minutes  of  New  York.  The  value  of 
this  dispatch  in  commercial  and  diplomatic  transactions  is  in- 
ealculable. 

At  destination  electric  impulses  pass  from  the  cable  into  the 
recorder  and  register  on  another  narrow  paper  strip  a  wavy  ink 
line,  the  so-called  "cable  language,"  that  the  receiving  operator 
translates  into  the  original  code  words. 

Throughout  the  transmission  demonstration  close-up  photo- 
graphs disclose  the  technical  operation  of  the  automatic  instru- 
ments, making  cable-sending  perfectly  clear  to  the  student  or 
layman.  The  detection  of  breaks  in  the  line  and  the  method  of 
repairing  or  splicing  broken  cable  is  covered  at  length  in  anima- 
tion and  diagrams. 

The  picture  closes  with  a  score  of  scenes  in  the  large  cities  of 
South  America  served  by  this  American-owned  and  American- 
(firected  company. 
The  educational  value  of  Linking  the  Three  Americas  is  evi- 
i&  -drait  and  the  picture  seems  eminently  suitable  for  class  and  school 
oil  use  as  well  as  for  exhibition  before  trade  and  export  associations, 
manufacturers,  and  other  business  bodies  for  which  purpose  it  was 

primarily  intended. 

Distributed  by  the  All  America  Cables,  Inc.,  88  Broad  St.,  New  York  Oty. 

Urns  illustrating  the  use  of  the  asphalt  retreader  and  asphalt  mixer 
nufacturea  by  the  Asphalt  Retreading  Company,  Chicago,  are  being 


C 


SAN  JOSE  FILM  IN  GREAT  DEMAND 
TN  October,  1920,  the  San  Jose,  Cal.,  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
through  its  manager,  Roscoe  D.  Wyatt,  made  a  striking  in- 
novation in  chamber  of  commerce  procedure  by  presenting  the 
annual  report  of  that  organization  in  film  form.  The  members 
and  others  of  the  community  who  saw  the  work  and  the  achieve- 
ments of  the  chamber  during  the  year,  as  visualized  on  the 
screen,  including  the  personalities  and  the  activities  of  the  com- 
mittees, were  greatly  pleased  with  this  style  of  report,  and  soon 
applications  for  the  use  of  the  film  were  coming  in  from  all 
parts  of  the  country.  It  was  necessary  to  make  extra  prints 
to  fill  the  demand.  One  has  been  going  the  rounds  of  the  cities 
and  towns  in  California  ever  since;  one  is  being  circulated  by 
the  University  of  Illinois  throughout  that  state;  another  by  the 
University  of  Wisconsin;  another  is  at  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia; and  another  has  been  shown  daily  at  the  California  State 
Exposition  Park,  at  Los  Angeles. 

Manager  Wyatt  recently  completed  a  2,000-foot  film  covering 
the  scenic,  horticultural,  educational,  industrial,  and  other  fea- 
tures of  Santa  Clara  valley,  in  which  San  Jose  is  located,  and  six 
prints  of  this  new  film  have  been  ordered  from  various  sections 
of  the  country.  Unlimited  opportunity  for  utilizing  this  film  is 
reported  through  the  Bureau  of  Commercial  Economics,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. ;  the  International  Committee  of  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association,  New  York,  and  possibly  the  Department  of  Pho- 
tography of  the  Ford  Motor  Company,  Detroit,  which  has  re- 
quested a  print  for  inspection;  and  other  agencies. 

A  TEXAS  SHOE-MAKING  FILM 
"TVEPICTING  the  making  of  a  pair  of  shoes  from  sheet  leather 
"^  to  the  tissue-lined  box,  the  Daniel  Williams  Shoe  Company, 
Waco,  Texas,  has  recently  completed  a  film  showirig  all  these 
operations,  and  plans  are  being  made  to  have  it  shown  all  over 
the  state  in  the  larger  towns  and  cities.  Headed  by  the  caption, 
"Texas'  First  Shoe  Factory,"  the  film  shows  the  manufacturing 
process  of  a  pair  of  shoes:  the  selection  of  the  leather,  cutting 
of  the  pattern,  sewing  the  uppers,  attaching  the  soles,  the  heels, 
the  trimming,  the  finishing,  and  each  step  in  the  making  of  shoes. 

FILMS  AT  MARINE   SHOW 

THE  films  exhibited  at  the  Marine  Exposition  in  New  York  City, 
November  14  to  November  19,  were: 
The  Story  of  Asbestos,  i  reels,  courtesy  of  Johns-Manville,  Inc.; 
Horn  Movies  Are  Made,  4  reels,  Harry  Levey  Studios;  More  Power  for 
the  World  and  Modern  Ships,  2  reels,  Westinghouse  Electric  and  Manu- 
facturing Co.;  Repair  of  S.S.  Lord  Dufferin,  Todd  Shipyards  Corp.; 
Launching  the  Omaha  and  Milwaukee  at  Tacoma,  Todd  Shipyards  Corp.; 
and  the  following  pictures  loaned  by  the  United  States  Navy  and  United 
States  Shipping  Board:  Our  Navy  in  Action,  2  reels;  Great  Ouns  on 
the  Western  Front,  1  reel;  Destroyers  in  the  War,  I  reel;  Atlantic  Fleet 
in  the  West  Indies,  1  reel;  Life  on  the  Battleship  New  York,  1  reel; 
Seaplane  Trip  from  San  Diego  to  San  Francisco,  1  reel;  The  Panama 
Canal  from  a  Nary  Seaplane;  1  reel ;  The  Navy  of  Two  Seas,  1  reel ;  Rio 
Janeiro  the  Beautiful,  1  reel;  U.  S.  Transports  in  the  War,  1  reel;  Cruis- 
ing Around  the  World  with  Uncle  Sam.  . 


bwn  to  citv  officials  and  business  men  interested  in  road  building. 


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History  Science  Agriculture 

Geography  Industrials  Scenics 

Perfect  condition  guaranteed.    115.00  per  subject. 
Write   for  catalogue   and   full   particulars 

FITZPATRICK  &  McELROY 
202  So.  State  St.  Chicago,  Illinoia. 


19 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


THE  city  council  of  Saint-Etienne, 
Paris,  has  appropriated  a  pre- 
liminari'  sum  of  30,000  francs 
to  introduce  the  cinema  as  a  practical 
means  of  instruction  into  all  of  the 
public  schools  of  that  district.  Addi- 
tional sums  will  be  voted  from  time  to 
time. 

•  ■  • 

Mrs.  T.  G.  Winter,  president  of  the 
General  Federation  of  the  Women's 
Club  in  a  recent  address  at  Boise, 
Idaho,  said:  "Club  women  can  do 
much  to  demand  that  better  pictures 
be  exhibited.  A  number  of  our  clubs 
<tre  operating  motion  picture  shows 
at  a  prolit  and  giving  the  communitv 
clean  photoplays.  Club  life  should  be 
closely  inter-related  to  the  life  of  the 
community,  other  wise  it  cannot  be 
a  success." 

•  * 

The  state  department  of  health,  Al- 
bany, N.  Y.,  has  purchased  a  film  on 
mouth  hygiene,  "Saving  the  Eyes  of 
Youth"  (recently  reviewed  in  this 
magazine) ;  and  "Swat  the  Fly,"  a 
Kineto  production  showing  the  anat- 
omy and  life  history  of  the  fly.  All 
of  these  are  loaned  without  charge 
within    the    state. 

•  ♦ 

Following  out  the  plan  of  the  In- 
diana Indorsers  of  Photoplays,  the  Bet- 
ter Film  Committee  of  Fort  Wayne, 
Ind.,  has  conducted  a  benefit  using 
the  Fox  picture  "Evangeline."  It  has 
awarded  prizes  to  the  school  children 
selling  the  largest  number  of  tickets. 
«  • 

The  Sunday  night  motion  picture 
service  of  the  First  Unifari.an  Church, 
Toledo,  Ohio,  Rev.  D.  Horace  West- 
wood,  pastor,  proved  so  successful  last 
summer  that  it  will  probably  become 
a  permanent  feature  of  this  church. 
Some  of  the  films  shown  to  capacity 
crowds  were  "The  Mill  on  the  Floss," 
"King  Lear,"  "The  Hearts  of  Men," 
"The  Apple-tree  Giii,"  and  Fires  of 
Youth." 

•  * 

"Diversional  after-school  shows"  in 
the  form  of  weekly  movie  programs  in 
the  schools  of  Evanston,  111.,  are  se- 
lected and  supervised  by  the  Society 
for   Visual   Education. 

•  * 

The  extension  division  of  the  Uni- 
versity of   California   is  conducting  a 


state-wide  campaign  for  the  use  of 
wholesome  entertainment  and  educa- 
tional films  by  communities  and  in- 
stitutions of  that  state.  Its  report 
declares  that  "California  is  the  second 
state  in  the  union  in  the  use  of 
motion  pictures  among  schools  and 
churches." 

*  * 

Rev.  Harry  Noble,  who  resides  in  the 
Lafayette  section  of  Jersey  City,  N.  J., 
entertains  500  or  more  children  regu- 
larly with  wholesome  movies. 

*  * 

The  West  End  Presbyterian  Oiurch, 
New  York  City,  still  maintains  its 
Monday  afternoon  and  evening  movie 
shows  which  it  inaugurated  several 
years  ago.  Recently  1,000  books  of 
tickets  were  sold,  and  this  revenue  is 
supplernented  twice  a  month  by  church 
collections  and  twice  a  month  by  a 
regular  admission  charge.  Children 
are  admitted  free  to  the  afternoon 
shows    after   school. 

*  * 

Open-air  movies  were  shown  in  Sep- 
tember in  Chelsea  Park,  New  York 
City,  on  Monday  and  Friday  nights,  by 
the    Neighborhood    Committee    of    the 

Hudson   Guild. 

*  * 

A.  G.  Balcom,  assistant  superinten- 
dent of  schooLs,  Newark,  N.  J.,  speak- 
ing on  "The  Appeal  of  the  Eye  in 
Teaching,"  at  country  institutes  under 
the  auspices  of  the  New  Jersey  State 
Board  of  Education,  urged  that  teach- 
ers make  a  larger  use  of  visual  aid.  He 
stated  that  the  human  eye  of  today 
is  the  result  of  our  civilization  and 
that  it  has  developed  since  the  time 
of  early  man  to  a  greater  extent  than 
any  other  organ  of  sense,  and  that 
teaching  would  be  greatly  vitalized  if 
teachers  recognized  the  dominant 
place  that  the  eye  holds  as  a  medium 

of  sense  impressions, 

*  * 

Of  the  New  York  City  public  schools, 
seventeen  are  using  correlative  film 
courses  in  United  States  geography 
and  thirteen  are  using  biology  films. 
Film  courses  co-ordinating  with  text 
book  courses  in  physical  geography, 
civics,  physical  training  and  domes- 
tic science,  are  being  introduced. 

*  * 

The    Milk    and    Ice    Fund    for    the 


poor  children  of  Peoria,  111.,  was 
boosted  ?48.60  when  F.  H.  Kirchner  of 
the  Venard  Film  Corpor.ation,  of  that 
city,  arranged  an  outdoor  movie  show. 
Two  DeVry  projectors  were  set  up, 
giving  the  audience  a  continuous 
show.  The  program  was  assorted, 
consisting  of  a  one-reel  travelog 
"Blazing  the  Old  *49  Trail;"  one  reel, 
"Clierryland,"  a  trip  through  the  won- 
derful cherry  farms  of  Wisconsin;  and 
one  reel,  "The  Milky  Way,"  an  in- 
teresting film  showing  a  modern  dairy, 
including  many  interesting  scenes  for 
the  kiddies;  and  a  two  reel  comedy. 
This  was  the  first  outdoor  show  held  in 
Peoria  and  Mr.  Kirchner  is  so  enthusi- 
astic over  the  results  that  similar  pro- 
grams are  being  arranged  in  different 
parts    of    the    city. 

*  * 

The  Cliurch  Cinema  Association  has 
been  established  in  Berlin,  Germany, 
to  produce  films  for  devotional  pur- 
poses. Some  of  these  pictures  may 
find  their  way  eventually  to  the  United 
States. 

*  * 

No  children  under  sixteen  years  of 
age  are  permittted  to  attend  cinema 
exhibitions  in  Belgium  unless  the 
films  have  been  approved  by  a  Cen- 
sorship committee  appointed  in  each 
town.  The  government  circular  giving 
this  order  states  that  "for  a  long  time 
the  pernicious  infiuence  exercised  on 
the  youth  of  the  nation  by  cinemato- 
graphic entertainments  has  been  giving 
rise  to  anxious  thought.  The  educa- 
tion authorities,  psychologists,  judges 
of  juvenile  courts,  the  press,  have  es- 
tablished by  irrefutable  facts  that  the 
cinema  can  be  a  school  of  demoraliza- 
tion and  a  teacher  of  crime."  The  cir- 
cular is  signed  by  the  minister  of 
justice,    and  the  minister  of  arts   and 

sciences. 

*  * 

A  demonstration  of  the  latest  ideas 
in  stcreopticon  projection  was  given  at 
the  September  meeting  of  the  Newark, 
N.  J.,  Public  School  Visual  Education 
Club  by  the  Spencer  Lens  Company  of 
Buffalo,  the  Bausch  and  Lomb  Com- 
pany of  Rochester,  and  the  Charles  E. 
Beseler  Company  of  New  York  City. 
At  the  October  meeting  "Dream  Pic- 
tures," a  collection  of  artistically 
colored   slides  of  the  beauty  spots   of 


America,  were  thrown  on  the  screen 
in  connection  with  a  lecture  by  Bran- 
son l)e  Cou  of  East  Orange,  N.  J.  A 
musical  program  of  Victor  Phonograph 
records  was  synchronized  with  the 
still  pictures. 

*  * 

Lois  Weber,  American  woman  di- 
rector, writer  and  producer  of  photo- 
plays, recommends  that  films  be  di- 
vided into  two  classes:  Class  1,  for 
universal  release;  Class  2,  for  adults 
only.  This  system  is  in  use  in  Aus- 
!:i  where  exhibitors  mark  films 
with  an  "A"  or  a  "U",  the  "A"  for 
adults  only,  and  the  "U"  for  Imth 
adults  and  children.  In  Australia 
ihiUlren  are  not  permitted  to  see 
films  intended  for  adults. 

*  * 

Lois  Weber  has  sent  copies  of  her 
four  most  recent  films,  "To  Ploasj 
One  Woman,"  "What's  Wortt 
While,"  "Too  Wise  Wives"  anc 
"What  Do  Men  Want,"  to  Miss 
Marian  J.  Anderson,  principal  of  th( 
Pacific  Coast  School  of  Lip  Read 
Ing,  for  the  use  of  Miss  Anderson's 
students.  Miss  Weber  feels  that  hei 
pictures  will  benefit  lip  readers  foi 
she  furnishes  her  players  witl 
"sides,"  and  the  players  actuallj 
speak  the  lines  called  for  by  th( 
scenario. 


GIRL  SCOUT  FILM 

Wanted  Negsitive  or  Prints. 
Standard  or  Narrow  Width 

S.  H.  ANDERSON,  Jr. 
Box  144,  Station  G         W 
New   York   City,   N.   Y.      "" 


Loose-Leaf  Catalog  Servici 

6  inos.  $  .50   Magazine   3  raos.  $  .5 
6  mos.     2.50     Catalog     3  mos.     I.i 

$3.00       Total  $1.." 

Mail  your  Check  or  money  order  NOW 
Eduutional  Film,  191  Monta(ae  St.  Brookirn,  N.H 


WELFARE    REPRESENTATION    ON 
EDITORIAL  BOARD 

Department   of   Surveys   and   Exhibits 

Russell   Sage    Foundation 

New  York  City 

Editor,  Educational  Film  Magazine, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Sir:— 

Your  editorial  announcement  regarding  your 
Board  of  Editors,  in  a  recent  i.ssue,  is  interest- 
ing as  well  as  important. 

I  notice  that  you  link  community  and  wel- 
fare organizations  as  one  group.     It  is  to  be 


hoped  that  you  will  separate  them  in  your 
thought  and  your  policy. 

Community  organizations  are  primarily  users 
of  motion  picture  films  although  to  a  limited 
extent  they  are  interested  in  the  production  of 
films  on  community  problems.  On  the  other 
hand,  tlie  welfare  organizations  are  primarily 
interested  in  production  with  a  lesser  interest 
as  users,  since  they  depend  very  largely  upon 
various  types  of  community  organizations, 
women's  organizations,  the  schools  and  tlie 
churches  for  their  distribution. 

Tliis  distinction  is  all  the  more  important  be- 
cause it  has  been  the  tendency  among  those  in- 


IMIIIIIMIIMIIIIIIIIMIIIIMIMIIIIIIIIIIIMIMIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIMIIIIII 


AVAILABLE  FOR  FREE  DISTRIBUTION 
"Tlif  .Making  of  Soap."  an  educational  film 
furnished  in  standard  or  narrow  gauge  in 
Mass.,  K.  I.,  Conn.,  N.  J.,  N.  Y.,  Del.,  Md., 
Washington,  D.  C,  and  Kastorn  Pa.  We 
can  furnish  complete  entertainment  FBES 
including  machine  niid  operator. 
Fw  firtker  in-  KIRKMAN  &  SON,  Edncitional  Dintion 
fomalivp  write  303  Bridge  Street,  Bro«kl]rii,  N.  Y. 


VICTOR  ,Po»-^<iW« 
STEREOPTICON  ^ 


'The     

PERFECT  PPOtlECTDB 
for  ever:^  riM4 

SHIPPED  <»l  TRIAL 
SPECUL  EASY  TERMS 

HHttctrds  "f  'OvStritii 
^  JgcturCS  Ivv  rtnt. 


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HENRY  BOLLMAN 


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67   W.  44th   St. 


HEBTICE 
New  York 


3SO   WRKSL-EY    BL.DGI. 


l»l-IONK     OOUai_AS    S033 

INOUftTRIALS.  COUCATIONALS    AND    NEWS    ASSI«NMCNT3. 


terested    in    the   non-comtriercial    use   of    film 
to  look  to  workers  in  the  community  field   a 
the  specialists  or  authorities  on  social  welfari, 
subjects.     This  may  be  partly  responsible  fi 
the  poorness  of  the  quality  of  the  great  ii 
jority  of  films  on  social  welfare. 

If  I  have  not  made  myself  fully  clear  or  ha' 
failed    in    empliasizing   tlie    importance   of   th( 
distinction  and  of  the  need  of  very  exception 
representation  of  welfare  interests,  I  trust  y 
will  let  me  know. 

Very  tndy  your.s, 
E.  G.  RoiTTZAHN,  Associate  Direcit 


mm  PICTURE  USERS 


ttchouls.  Churches,  Instltu-    <, 

dona,  Manutacturers  and  other 

iKiij -theatrical    users,    contom- 

plnting  the  purchase  of  motion 

picture    machines    and    films, 

should    obtain    a    booklet    of 

valuable  Information  which  Is 

supplied  without  cost  by 

The  AsHOcioted  Munufacturers 

III    >aifl.v    MiiiHliirtl    FllniH  and 

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Tell  the  advertiser  you  read  his  ad  in  KniicATioNAi.  Film  MACAZiNE-if  meam  better  lervice  for  you 


GOD  AND  THE  MAN 

Dramatized   from  the  famous  novel  by 
Robert  Buchanan 

Educational  Film  Magazine  says  of  this  photoplay:  "An 
excellent  production.  The  picture  bears  a  definite  message. 
The  acting  is  finished  and  convincing." 

Suitable  for  Schools,  Churches,  Y.  M.  C.  A's.,  etc. 
Also  booking  Charlotte  Bronte's   famous  love  story 

JANE    EYRE 

CENTRAL  FILM  COMPANY 

729  Seventh  Avenue,  New  York  City 


WHY  STRAIN  YOUR  EYES? 

Why  spend  a  little  fortune  on  a  projection  machine  and 
then  refuse  yourself  the  benefits  of  a  good  lens  which 
should  go  with  it? 

Siamor  and  Planior  Projection  and 
Camera  Lenses 

give  clear  and  sharp  pictures.  Cost  less  than  headache 
powders.     Ask  for  particulars. 

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Popular 
Classics 


The  Living  Book 

of  Knowledge 

"The  Four  Seasons" 

A  feature  photoplay  in  four  reels 
describing  Nature's  ways  and 
moods  in  Spring,  Summer,  Au- 
tumn and  Winter. 

Recorded  by 

RAYMOND  L.  DITMARS 

(Curator  of  N.  Y.  Zoological  Society) 

Edited  under  the  personal 
direction  of 

CHARLES  URBAN 


Write  for  detailt 


KINETO    CO.  OF   AMERICA 

INCOKrOBATM) 


71  W^.  23rd  St. 


Pr««t4*oc 


NEW  YORK 


To  tntertain  and  amus€  is  good — 
To  do  both  amd  iiuiruct  it  bettoti^ 


TeU  the  advertiser  you  read  his  ad  in  Educational  Film  Uagaziv%— it  means  better  service  for  you 


ifVhenym  use 

EASTMAN  SAFETY 


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FILM 


for  Portable  Projection,  you  carry 

safety  with  you. 

4  .    '        . 

Identifiable   throughout   its   entire 

length    as    safe    by    the   words 

"Eastman"  "Kodak"  "Safety"  "Film" 

which  appear  in  black  letters  on  the 

margin  at  ten-inch  intervals. 


Furnished  in  two  widths^  Professional 
Standard^  i^^inches  and  Safety  Stand- 
ard^ Ito  inches— Eastman  perforation. 

EASTMAN  KODAK   COMPANY 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


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EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 
MAGAZINE 

The  InternMional  Authority  of  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 


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^m. 


The  Four  M*«  Instead  of  the  Three  R's 

By  WflLLiAM  Le|ter  Bodine 


Motion  Pictures  Must  Coordinate  with  the 

Curriculum" 


Billy  Sunday  on  the  Educational  Power 

of  the  Movie 


Movies  for  Kiddies- What  Shall  We  Do  About  It? 


By  Hilda  D.  Merriam 


.  S*^s^i:'^5.r3i^^^'^}fcrs^iv^ 


W     A     mTTT    &     r^'VT  ^  r^t 


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ANNOUNCES  THE  FOLLOWING  VOLUMES 


HISTORY 

Landmarks  of  tlie  American  Revolution: — 

1.  Boston  and  Lexington. 

Landmarks  of  Early  Explorations  and  Settle- 
ments of  North  America: — 

2.  The  English 

REGIONAL  GEOGRAPHY 

3.  Grand  Canyon  of  tlie       7.  Mount  Rainier 


Colorado 
4.  Yosemite  Valley 
6.  Rocky  Mountains 
6.  Yellowstone  Park 

Agriculture 

11.  Oranges  and  Olives 

12.  Tlie  Honey  Bee 
18.  Milk  as  a  Food 


8.  Niagara   Falls 

9.  Panama  Cnnal 

10.  Washington,  D.  C. 

Civics  &  Citizenship 

14.  Democracy  in  Edu- 
cation 

15.  Some  of  Uncle 
Sam's  Workshops 


INDUSTRIAL  GEOGRAPHY 

16.  Iron  and  Steel 

17.  Making  Rubber  Tires 

•    18.  Oyster  and  Shrimp  Fishing 


New  Plan  of  Production  and  Distribution 

The  new  plan  of  production  and  distribution  of  the  Ford 
Educational  Library  places  visual  instruction  within 
easy  reach  of  all  communities.  Suitable  subjects  are 
now  ready  for  the  schools  and  will  be  distributed  direct 
to  them. 

Each  school  may  now  have  a  film  library  from  which 
the  subjects  may  be  selected  at  the  time  when  needed. 
Tlie  new  plan  costs  less  than  the  present  rent  and  trans- 
portation of  films. 

Organized  Visual  Instruction 

Visual  instruction  to  function  in  education  must  be  or- 
ganized in  each  community.  There  are  many  ways  to 
organize  to  obtain  the  advantages  of  the  Ford  Educa- 
tional Library.  One  method  that  has  been  successful, 
wliere  small  schools  are  near  together,  is  to  form  a  Ford 
Educational  Library  Association,  which  purchases  all  of 
the  Library  subjects.  This  provides  at  small  cost  to  all 
schools  carefully  organized  material  in  modern  visual  in- 
struction. It  is  easy  for  eacli  school  in  the  Association  to 
raise.,  the  necessary  funds  by  giving  exhibits  or  special 
evening  entcrtainnients,  charging  a  small  admission. 


Buying  Better  Than  Renting 

Each  new  subject  in  the  Ford  Educational  Library  is  five 
cents  per  foot^  or  $50  for  each  1,000-foot  reel.  Witli  each 
new  subject  bought,  two  used  reels  are  sent  on  a  long 
loan.  The  cost  of  the  three  reels  is  lower  than  renting. 
This  plan  gives  a  school  or  group  of  schools  an  Educa- 
tional Film  Library  always  ready  for  use.  The  subject 
may  be  shown  until  its  lesson  is  familiar  to  the  pupil.  The 
new  plan  eliminates  delays  of  the  renting  circuit. 
If  each  community  invests  the  sum  now  expended  for  rent 
and  transportation  in  volumes  of  the  Ford  Educational 
Library,  it  will  soon  have  a  film  collection  that  will  be- 
come a  vital  aid  in  school  work. 

New  Subjects 
Before  Mayi  1922,  20  new  subjects  will  be  ready.  These 
will  cover  many  subjects  to  be  edited  for  public  school 
pupils.  Educational  experts  and  teachers  who  have  defi- 
nite ideas  concerning  new  volumes  in  the  Ford  Educa- 
tional Library  are  urged  to  correspond  witli  us,  so  we 
may  provide  material  to  aid  their  program  in  visual  in- 
struction. 
To  obtain  the  above  terms  write  to 


D 


DEPARTMENT  E 


Qmoti°n  Picture  laboratories 


HIGHLAND  PARK 


MICHIGAN 


FORD  6DUCATiaNAL  LIBRARY 


I'ublished  monthlv  by  Non-Tlioalii.ail  Kllm  rul)ll«licr»,  Inc..  nl  Wlille  I'IbIih.  N.  V.,  niiil  180  Montngue  .Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  V.  (AddrcM  nil  communicatioiu  I 
Urooklyn,  N.  V.  offlcoi).  SiitwcrlpHon :  U.  S.  nn<l  rcMwcwiluiii,  fl  ii  year;  other  (■ouiitrlcs.  12  ii  yciir;  sIiikIc  (iipli-N.  I.l  rents.  Knterril  n«  wconil  clnw  mutter  I)e<rro 
tier  3,  l»»o,  at  tlie  pixt  omce  «t  White  I'liiln*.  N,  v..  under  the  Act  of  March  »,  IST». 


T^ 


EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 


Published  monthly  by  Non-Theatrical  Film  Publishers,  Inc.,  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  189  Montague  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  (Address  all  communications  to 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  ofBces.)  DOLPH  EASTMAN',  Editor.  Subscription:  United  States  and  Possessions  tl  a  year;  other  countries  $2  a  year;  single  copies  is  cent*. 
European  Representatives:  B.  Allan,  85  Long  Acre,  London,  W.C.2;  E.  Fletchcr-Claj'ton,  43  rue  de  Caomartin,  Paris;  E.  Serandrei,  18  via  Magenta,  Rome;  Hans 

Pander,    11   Pfalzburger  strasse,   Berlin,   W.    15, 
Advertising  rates  on  application.  Telephone:  Main   7287  Copyright,   1922,   by  Non-Theatrical  Film  Publishers,  Inc. 


Vol.  VII 


JANUARY,  1922 


No.  1 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


EDITORIAL  3 

Tempus  Omnia  Revelat — By  Dolph  Eastman 

MOTION  PICTURES  TO  TEACH  CIVICS  4 

THE  FOUR  M's  INSTEAD  OF  THE  THREE  Rs' 5 

By  William  Lester  Bodine 

"MOTION    PICTURES    MUST    COORDINATE    WITH    THE 

CURRICULUM"    6 

EDUCATIONAL  EFFICIENCY  THROUGH  THE  CINEMA...  6 
By  H.  G.  Wells 

OFFICIAL  MOVIE  CHAT  FOR  THEATER  OWNERS 7 

FILMS  INVALUABLE  FOR  NATURE  STUDY 8 

By  M.  L.  Brittain— JiZ«s(rafed 

"PETER  POINTS  THE  WAY" ; 9 

By  Leona  Block — Illustrated 

"NATIONAL"  HAS  BURTON  HOLMES  AND  SWEDISH 
FILMS  10 

BILLY  SUNDAY  ON  THE  EDUCATIONAL  POWER  OF  THE 
MOVIE  11 


MOVIES  FOR  KIDDIES— WHAT  SHALL  WE  DO  ABOUT  IT?  12 

By  Hilda  D.  Merriam 

REVIEWS  OF  FILMS   13 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

INDIANA  INDORSERS'  APPROVED  LISTS  14 

A  MOVIE  TRIP  THROUGH  FILMLAND 16 

By  Dolph  Eastman — Illustrated 

FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 18 

Advertisements 


Ford  M.  P.  Laboratories 

Inside  front  cover 

Kineto  Co.  of  America 2 

Fitzpatrick    &    McElroy 15 

Austin  Film  Library,  Inc 15 

Walhamore  Company   17-18 

Simplex  Title  Shop  17 

Edited   Pictures   System,   Inc 18 


Kirkman  &  Son    It 

Victor  Animatograph  Co 19 

Daniel  J.  Goff 1» 

Assoc.  Mfrs.  Safety  Standard 1» 

Loose-Leaf  Catalog    iO 

Premium   offer    Inside  back  cover 

Eastman   Kodak  Co Back  cover 


What  Subscribers  Say 

About 

Educational  Film 

Magazine: 

I  need  not  tell  you  that  I  have 
long  been  a  reader  of  your  pe- 
riodical, Edccational  Film  ILto- 
AziN'E.  If  more  school  principals 
and  teachers  realized  the  excep- 
tional information  and  the  val- 
uable suggestions  on  visual  in- 
struction which  your  magazine 
carries  every  month,  I  am  sure 
that  few  of  them  would  be  with- 
out it.  I  know  of  no  medium 
through  which  they  could  more 
readily  keep  themselves  in  touch 
with  what  is  newest  and  what  is 
best  in  this  field  than  your  mag- 
azine.— Ernest  L.  Crandall,  Di- 
rector of  Lectures  and  Visual  In- 
struction, Board  of  Education  of 
the  City  of  New  York. 

Subscribe  to  the  Educational 
Film  Magazine — it  is  a  wonderful 
source  of  Inspiration  and  a  real 
help.  I  am  writing  the  publishers 
to  send  you  a  sample  copy.  I 
wouldn't  do  without  mine  for  a 
dollar  a  month — it  costs  only  a  dol- 
lar a  v^ar. — A.  L.  Thomas,  Ex- 
tension Department,  Alabama  Poly- 
technic  Institute,    Auburn,   Ala. 

Enclosed  find  one  dollar  for  one 
year's  subscription  to  Educational 
Film  Macazine.  Have  received  s 
sample  copy  which  impresses  me 
very  much,  and  I  believe  it  will 
be  of  material  assistance  to  me 
in  my  work  of  using  the  film  in 
our  church  In  our  department  of 
Community  Service. — Rev.  Edw.  W. 
Sinnott,  4550  No.  38th  Street, 
Omaha,   Neb. 

Thank  you  very  much  for  the 
three  back  numbers  of  Educational 
Film  Magazine.  They  were  cei^ 
tainly  worth  writing  for.  About 
the  first  mark  in  our  1922  calendar 
will  t)e  at  the  proper  place.:  "Re- 
new subscription  to  Educational 
Film  Magazine.  —  McKay  School 
Equipment,  Ltd.,  Toronto,  Canada. 


Educational  Film  Magazine  Is 
some  good  factor  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  right  kind  of  propa- 
ganda for  motion  pictures  and  I 
am  anxious  to  help  you  in  any 
possible  way.  I  am  having  sent 
to  you  a  list  of  films  which  we 
have  edited  and  are  recommending 
to  the  churches. — Rev.  C.  C.  Mar- 
shall. Centenary  Conservation 
Committee  Methadist  Episcopal 
Cliurch,  New  York  City. 

The  field  is  witnessing  some  real 
developments  and  Educational 
Film  Magazine  will  always  hold 
an  important  place  in  a  very  im- 
portant movement. — Arthur  E. 
Curtis,   Chicago,   111. 


I  am  sure  my  educational  friends 
will  be  interested  in  receiving  your 
magazine  and  believe  it  will  open 
the  eyes  of  some  of  them  to  learn 
how  much  is  being  done  already 
with  motion  pictures.  Will  you 
kindly  enter  my  order  for  100 
copies  of  your  January  issue?  1 
want  to  work  up  an  interest  among 
my  college  friends  for  the  use  of 
talking  pictures — a  valuable  new 
tool  for  educators  that  has  never 
existed  before.— William  H.  Bris- 
tol, President,  The  Bristol  Com- 
pany,   Waterbury,    Conn. 

Your  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  cer- 
tainly looks  like  a  very  valuable 
reference  work. — McKay  School 
Equipment,  Ltd.,  Toronto,  Canada. 


(  Cut  this  out  and  mail  TO  DAY) 


//////y//f//y/^y//y//yy///////y////f/////////y//////y///////f//^///^/y//////.f/^''//^^'^^'^^^'"'<^^ 


HERE'S  MY  DOLLAR 

for  a  year's  subscription  to 
EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 


Magazine 

and 

Catalog 

$6    year 


189  Montague  St.,  Brooklyn,  New  York 

NAME ^. ....... .'- 

STREET  NO.  

OTY  A  STATE. 


^,,ww»M}»M»}?MiMWWJ/M??wwfWMW»M/W/?MMff/mummffa/Z2m. 


What  Subscribers  Say 

About 

Educational  Film 

Magazine's 

Loose-Leaf  Catalog   and 

iNFORMA-noN  Ser\':ce 

1  like  your  first  Loos^-Leap  Cat- 
alog message  very  much.  The  con- 
mendable  features  aoout  It  are: 
1,  the  classiflcationL ;  2,  the  selec- 
tion from  the  great  number  of 
pictures  of  those  that  are  depend- 
able for  schoo)  and  community 
work. — A.  G.  Balcom,  Ass't  Sup't 
of  Schools,  Newark,  N.  J. 

As  to  b.DUCA.IONAL  FiLM  MAG- 
AZINE, the  most  helpful  thing  to 
me  Is  tne  review  it  gives  of  films 
and  offering  suggestions  for  the 
mak-ng  of  a  suitable  program.  I 
aiv  going  to  take  a  year's  sub- 
scription to  your  Loosz-Leaf  Cat- 
t.LOG  and  Information  Service  and 
I  enclose  check  for  same,  for  I 
think  you  have  a  fine  Idea  whicli 
can  be  made  very  helpful. — Rkv. 
D.  Wilson  Hollinokr,  Bethany 
Presbyterian  Church,  Trenton, 
N.  J. 

Your  Loose-Leap  Catalog  I  have 
been  so  anxious  to  see  has  arrived 
in  the  morning  mail.  "How  do  I 
like  It?"  Tickled  to  death!  It  is 
small,  yes;  so  are  diamonds.  But 
like  a  dollar  in  the  savings  bank, 
it  can  be  added  to  so  that  it  will 
be  worth  a  great  deal.  And  I 
feel  sure  that  in  the  very  near 
future  you  will  have  more  demands 
for  this  catalog  than  you  are  at 
present  anticipating.  Therefore 
you  may  consider  me  one  of  the 
indi.spensable  users  of  this  fine 
specimen  of  your  laliors  already. 
You  have  requested  criticisms.  I 
have  none  to  make. — O.  G.  Sown, 
Atlanta,   Ga. 

I  have  received  your  Looa-LsAP 
Catalog  and  think  that  it  will  be 
a  great  convenience  and  help. — 
Rev.  Stanley  R.  Gbubb,  Christian 
Church,    Winder,    Ga. 


Charles  Urban's  Libraty  of  Films 

Now  Available  in  the 

Non-Theatrical  Field 

Beginning  in  January,  1922,  the  Kineto  Company  will  permit 
outright  purchase  in  the  non_theatrical  field  from  the  tremendous 
Library  of  Educational  Films  collected  and  edited  by  Mr.  Urban. 
These  films  will  be  of  permanent  value  to  Educators  and  Institu- 
tions employing  motion  pictures  in  their  educational  work. 

Only  positive  prints  (approximately  1,000  feet  in  length)  will 
be  sold.  The  price  is  $100  per  print  for  each  subject. 

The  material  in  the  Library  of  Films  is  too  extensive  to  list  in 
this  advertisement.  Those  persons  or  organizations  who  have 
need  of  films  of  certain  subjects  should  describe  their  needs,  and 
a  complete  list  of  films  covering  each  subject  will  be  sent  to  them. 

USE  THIS  COUPON 


KINETO  COMPANY  OP  AMERICA,  INC., 
EDUCATIONAL   DEPARTMENT, 

71  WEST  23rd  STREET,  NEW  YORK  CITY. 

Please  send  me  a  list  of  films  covering  the  following  subjects 

. 

• 

I  wish  this  information  in  case  I  decide  to  purchase  any  of 
print.     It  is  understood  that  this  inquiry  does  not  obligate 

your 
me  in 

films  at  the  rate  of 
any  way. 

$100  per 

Name 

Street  Address   ,  ■ 

City 

State 

Tell  the  advertiter  i/ou  read  hit  ad  in  Educational  Filh  Magazine — it  meant  better  lervice  for  yov 


Established  January,  1919 


PUBLISHED  MONTHLY.  COVEBmO  'MOTION  PICTURES  IN    THE  FOLLOWING  DEPARTMENTS 

Jftriculture  Community  Geography  Health  and  Sanitation       Pedagogy  Scenic 

.  Biography  .         Current  Events       History  Industry  Recreational  Science 

J  Cirirs  and  Government  Cultural  Home  Economics         Juvenile  Religion  Sociology 

Drcfma  Fine  Arts  Literature  Natural  History  Ttchnical 


iJui.rH  Eaktmax,  Editor-in-Chief 


Mabel  G.  Foster,  Associate  Editor 
BOARD  OF  ADVISORY  AND  CONTRIBUTING  EDITORS: 


Travel 
Welfare 
Women 
Topical 

Leona  Block,  Industrial  Editor 


J.  W.  Shepheri*.  Associate  Professor  of  Education 
and  Director  of  the  Department  of  Visual  Educa- 
tion, University  of  Olclahoraa,  Chairman. 

Mrs.  Woodallex  Chapman,  Chairman  Committee, 
Community  Ser^ice  on  Motion  Pictures,  General 
Federation  of  Women's  Clubs. 

ER.NEST  L.  Cranoall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Vis- 
ual Instruction,  Board  of  Education,  New  York  City 

Miss  Mary  E.  Gearing,  Professor  of  Home  Eco- 
nomics and  Director  Home  Economics  Extension, 
University  of  Texas. 

Willlam  M.  Grf£oby,  Curator  of  the  Educational 
Museum  and  Professor  of  Geography  in  the  Cleve- 
land School  of  Education. 


Dudley  Grant  Hays,  Assistant  Superintendent  of 
Schools  and  Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  Chicago, 
Illinois. 

V.  A.  C.  Henmon,  Director  School  of  Education  and 
Professor  of  Education,  University  of  Wisconsin, 

William  A.  McCall,  Assistant  Professor  of  Educa^ 
tion,    Teachers'   College,   Columbia   University. 

James  A.  Mover,  Director  of  University  Extension, 
Massachusetts   Department  of   Education. 

Mrs.  Josephine  Corliss  Peeston,  State  Superinten- 
dent of  Public  Instruction,  Washington. 

David   Snedden,   Professor   of   Educational   Sociology 


and  Vocational  Education.  Teachers'  College,  Co- 
lumbia  University. 

Carl  C.  Taylor,  Professor  of  Sociology  and  Director 
Department  of  Rural  Life,  State  College  of  Agri- 
culture and  Engineering,  North  Carolina. 

William  S.  Taylor,  Assistant  Director  of  Teachers' 
Bureau,  Pennsylvania  Department  of  Public  In- 
struction. 

L.  M.  Terman,  Professor  of  Educational  Psychology, 

Stanford  University. 
Miss   Charl    Oemond   Williams,   County    Superinten- 
dent, Shelby  County,  Tennessee,  and  President  of 
the  National  Education  Association. 


Note:    To  this  personnel  will  be  added,  as  soon  as  acceptances  are  received,  editorial   representatives  of  the  churches   and  church   organizations,  social   wel- 
fare orgsmizations,  community  groups,  and  other  groups  whose  motion  picture  activities  should  be  thus  represented. — Editor-in-Chief. 


Vol.  VII 


JANUARY,  1922 


No.  1 


TEMPUS  OMNIA  REVELAT 

THE  current  issue  of  Educational  Film  Magazine 
marks  the  fourth  yearly  milestone  in  its  career. 
Since  that  day  three  years  ago  when  we  began  to 
blaze  a  trail  through  the  wilderness  of  indifference 
and  ignorance  which  lay  before  us,  we  have  wandered  far. 
Though  our  feet  be  sore  and  weary  from  our  long  travail  we 
are  almost  out  of  the  trackless  forest  and  can  "see  faint 
glimpses  of  the  open  country  beyond.  Yes,  the  way  has 
been  long  and  weary  and  there  have  been  many  heartburn- 
ings and  discouragements,  but  at  last  we  have  broken 
til  rough  the  gloom  and  can  see  the  bright  new  day  of  visual 
education  coming  up  on  the  horizon. 

The  year  to  which  we  have  just  bid  farewell  was  a  trying 
one  for  the  educational  world,  as  well  as  to  the  world  of 
industry  and  government.  There  is  scarcely  a  human  being 
on  this  earth  who. was  not  glad  to  speed  its  departure  and  to 
■welcome  1922.  We  are  hopeful  that  the  new  day  which  is 
about  to  dawn  in  industry  and  government  will  also  shed 
its  radiaii'  p  over  the  educational  world  and  that  we  who  are 
working  in  tlie  visual  branches  will  be  blessed  with  some 
of  its  effulgence.  Despite  the  imfavorable  economic  con- 
ditions it  is  a  fact  that  the  educational  film,  as  a  movement 
and  as  an  institution,  made  more  definite  progress  last  year 
than  it  has  since  the  movement  began.  There  is  concrete 
evidence  of  this  on  every  hand.  Those  who  are  working  in 
this  field  know  of  its  progress. 


The  coming  year  offers  both  a  promise  and  a  challenge. 
It  promises  even  greater  fulfillment  than  during  the  pre- 
ceding twelve  months;  it  challenges  us  to  put  forth  our 
best  thought  and  our  best  efforts,  in  minds  and  men  and 
money,  in  doing  big  constructive  things  to  advance  the  cause 
of  visual  education  in  the  United  States. 

Summarizing  the  tendencies  in  film  production  in  the 
theatrical  branch  of  the  industry,  we  find  that  there  is  a 
growing  inclination  on  the  part  of  the  more  intelligent 
operators  to  set  up  higher  standards  and  to  improve  the 
pictures  generally.  This  does  not  mean  that  the  amuse- 
ment end  of  the  business  has  purged  itself  of  the  evils  which 
for  so  long  it  fostered.  It  simply  means  that  theatrical 
film  producers  are  good  business  men,  and  a  good  business 
man  always  makes  and  sells  his  product  to  meet  the  popu- 
lar demand.  The  widespread  cry  for  censorship;  the 
formation  of  better  film  committees;  the  popularity  of  com- 
munity movie  shows  in  schools,  churches,  clubs,  and  other 
local  institutions;  the  revelations  of  depravity  as  concern 
the  private  lives  of  prominent  picture  stars  and  the  public 
revulsion  therefrom,  have  at  last  awakened  the  slumbering 
consciences  of  producers,  distributors,  and  exhibitors,  and 
it  is  apparent  that  the  old  dark  days  have  gone,  never  to 
return.  These  shrewd  motion  picture  business  men  realize 
that  if  their  industry  is  to  be  saved  for  future  usefulness 
and  profit  it  can  only  be  saved  by  giving  the  public  things 
which  in  the  long  run  spell  success,  not  ruin. 
(Continued  on  page  4) 


MOTION  PICTURES  TO  TEACH  CIVICS 


Lecture  and  Screen  Demonstration  by  F.  S.  Wythe,  California  Pro- 
ducer, Whose  Principles  Are  Considered  Peda- 
gogically  Sound 


THAT  motion  pictures  may  be  used  as  a  valuable  aid  in 
civics  instruction  was  demonstrated  at  the  last  meeting 
of  the  New  York  City  Visual  Instruction  Association  in 
the  Washington  Irving  High  School,  when  several  reels 
of  films  designed  for  this  purpose  were  shown  by  F.  S.  Wythe, 
California  producer.  They  brought  home  their  lessons  in  story 
form,  but,  unlike  the  movie  designed  for  pleasure  alone,  they 
did  not  tell  the  full  story.  They  left  many  details  to  be  supplied 
in  the  classroom  through  questioning  by  the  teacher  or  discussion 
among  the  pupils. 

The  titles  were  purposely  indefinite,  making  it  necessary  to 
judge  by  the  pictures  the  names  of  the  scenes  and  places  por- 
trayed. For  instance,  the  first  scene  was  entitled  "In  Western 
Europe."  It  was  laid  in  Belgium.  Before  the  class  could  decide 
this  fact  it  had  to  reason  that  though  the  people  were  attired 
similarly  to  the  Hollanders,  the  land  was  hilly  instead  of  flat 
and  there  were  no  windmills,  so  the  country  could  not  be  Holland 
and  must  therefore  be  Belgium. 

Mr.  Wythe,  who  was  introduced  by  President  Ernest  L.  Cran- 
dall,  said  that  the  commercial  motion  picture  could  not  be  suc- 
cessfully used  for  educational  purposes.  For  a  public  optience, 
he  pointed  out,  every  detail  of  the  story  told  by  a  motion  picture 
must  be  supplied  or  the  picture  cannot  be  a  success,  as  the  public 
pays  to  be  amused  and  not  to  be  made  to  think.  Such  pictures 
used  in  the  classroom,  he  said,  would  hj^ive  a  similar  effect  on  the 
students,  which  would  be  contrary  to  the  purpose  desired.  Mr. 
Wythe  said  that  he  had  a  difficult  time  getting  his  director  to 
realize  that  educational  films  should  be  different  from  movies 
designed  for  entertainment  alone. 

Fundamentals  for  Civics  Films 

Motion  pictures  for  use  in  teaching  civics,  he  said,  must  aim 
to  develop  citizenship,  good  civic  ideas  and  to  inspire  the  student. 
Some  of  these  aims,  he  declared,  it  was  hard  to  teach  from  a 


book  over  the  teacher's  desk,  though  he  never  expected  to  see 
the  day  when  children  could  be  taught  without  a  teacher.  On  the 
contrary,  he_  felt  that  films  should  be  used  only  as  one  of  the 
tools  in  teaching. 

Films,  he  said,  should  utilize  the  power  of  personality  by  bring- 
ing into  the  clas^om  the  kind  of  people  it  was  desired  to  have 
the  children  meet.  He  also  said  they  brought  real  life  and  real 
situations  into  the  classroom,  and  by  making  the  pupil  grapple 
with  the  picture  made  him  a  part  of  it  with  the  result  that  he 
would  be  apt  to  be  led  into  active  participation  in  the  civic  life 
of  the  community. 

"Twentieth  Century  Pilgrims" 

Half  a  dozen  reels  of  an  eighteen  reel  film,  Twentieth  Cen'.t^ry 
Pilgrims,  were  thrown  on  the  screen.  They  told  of  how  a  j)easant 
family  in  Belgium  came  to  this  country  to  escape  the  drudgery 
and  long  hours  on  farms  there.  The  trip  across  the  Atlantic  was 
portraved,  the  surprise  of  the  immigrants  on  beholding  the  skyline 
of  Manhattan  Island  and  their  passage  through  Ellis  Island. 
Then  'he  father  was  shown  working  on  the  construction  of  a 
railroad,  after  which  he  purchased  a  farm  with  his  earnings  and 
again  took  up  the  occupation  of  his  native  land,  for  which  he  was 
better  fitted  than  for  railroading.  Here  he  told  of  the  good  roads 
in  Belgium  and  led  to  the  organization  of  a  good  roads  asso- 
ciation to  the  benefit  of  the  community. 

The  last  reel  showed  the  necessity  of  forming  habits  conducive 
to  good  health  and  physical  development.     The  daughter  of  the 
immigrant  performed  all  her  "health  chores,"  but  the  son  neglect-  ; 
ed  his,  with  the  result  that  in  an  interclass  meet  of  his  school  he  ' 
lost  a  race  in  which  he  was  entered,  though  much  dependence 
had  been  placed  on  him.    Chagrined  by  his  defeat,  he  was  spurred  I 
on  to  do  his  best  thereafter,  with  the  result  that  in  his  next  contest  ! 
he  carried  off  the  honors. 

Appropriate  text  is  provided  to  be  used  in  conjunction  with 
the  films. 


!iiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii)Miitiiriiiuimrii(iijirimti(iiitiii i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiii«ji|i 


TEMPUS    OMNIA   KYNYLkl— (Continued  from  page  3) 


Summarizing  the  tendencies  in  the  non-theatrical  branch 
of  the  film  industry,  we  find  more  and  more  a  distinct  line 
of  cleavage  between  the  entertainment  and  strictly  educa- 
tional sub-divisions  of  this  branch.  This  is  a  healthy  sign 
of  progress,  and  shows  that  when  the  educational  sub-divi- 
sion attains  its  full  momentum  nothing  can  stop  it  and  it  will 
become,  in  the  course  of  a  few  years,  a  commercial  factor 
of  the  very  highest  importance.  This  year  promises  to  yield 
some  interesting  developments  of  the  kind ;  but  as  has  been 
frequently  pointed  out  by  keen  observers,  no  conspicuously 
large  and  important  development  in  the  school  and  col- 
lege field  may  be  looked  for  until  some  real,  concerted, 
concrete  effort  on  a  vast  scale  is  made  by  those  vitally  inter- 
ested in  such  development. 

Some  beginnings  have  been  made  in  both  the  school  and 
the  church  field,  but  they  are  the  merest  beginnings.    Per- 


haps the  time  is  not  yet  ripe  for  this  larger  development. 
Perhaps  it  is  a  matter  of  evolution  rather  than  revolution 
in  educational  methods.  Of  one  thing  we  are  certain,  how- 
ever: the  hands  of  the  clock  will  not  be  turned  backward  so 
far  as  visual  education  is  concerned.  We  can  afford  to 
wait  in  patience  and  in  confidence  the  coming  of  that  great 
day  when  every  school,  and  every  church,  and  every  com- 
munity institution  and  organization  —  yes,  and  every 
home — will  have  its  own  motion  picture  equipment  and 
will  make  full  use  of  one  of  the  most  valuable  inventions 
man  has  ever  given  to  his  fellows.  We  can  well  afford  to 
subscribe  to  this  sentiment  of  faith  and  trust; 

Ideals  are  like  stars.  You  will  not  succeed  in  touching 
them  with  your  hands;  but  like  the  seafaring  man  on  the 
desert  of  water  you  choose  them  as  your  guides,  and,  fol- 
lowing them,  you  reach  your  desliny. 

DoLPH  Eastman. 


THE  FOUR  M's  INSTEAD  OF  THE  THREE  R's 

Movies,  Muscle,  Mind,  and  Morals  Are  the  Basic  Ideals  of  the  New 
School  in  the  New  World  Opening  to  the  Child 


By  William  Lester  Bodine 

Superintendent  of  Compulsory  Education,  Qiicago, 


lU. 


IN  the  future  the  cinema  will  be  the  ace  of  education.  Movies 
have  kept  moving  with  the  motion  of  an  old  world  that  calls 
for  a  new  idea.  From  the  magic  lantern  to  the  stereopticon, 
to  the  passive  poise  of  old  "nickel  theater"  films,  to  the 
animation  of  the  silver  sheet,  science  has  stepped  to  the  tune 
of  the  times,  with  the  quickening  pace  of  progress  that  led  to 
the  triumph  of  evolution  and  the  greatest  recreational  blessing 
(rf  the  country. 

Movies  are  here  to  stay.  They  are  educators  as  well  as  enter- 
tainers. 

With  the  greater  development  of  the  industry  came  educational 
films.  Progressive  education  calls  for  picturized  pedagogy.  The 
expansion  of  visual  education  is  predestined  for  the  American 
school  of  the  future. 

Fifty  Chicago  schools  have  installed  motion  pictures,  and  180 
have  stereopticon  slides,  under  the  efficient  administrative  policy 
of  Peter  A.  Mortenson,  superintendent  of  schools,  and  Dudley 
Grant  Hays,  supervisor  of  school  extension. 

Future  School  Histories  on  Silver  Sheets 

The  pages  of  history  in  the  school  of  the  future  will  be  largely 
in  silver  sheets.  The  battle  of  Bunker  Hill  will  be  fought  again 
with  unforgettable  reality  on  classroom  films.  Paul  Revere  and 
Sheridan  will  live  and  ride  again,  and  Columbus  will  land  once 
more,  as  he  did  the  first  day  he  unfurled  the  flag  of  Spain  on 
American  shores. 

Americanization  of  foreign  bom  parents  will  be  in  the  future 
through  the  films.  Thus,  the  higher  education  of  the  child  will 
be  supplemented  by  the  lower  education  of  the  parent,  and  the 
home  will  be  reached  that  raises  children. 

Travel  films  will  be  the  progressive  geography  of  the  future. 
Some  of  the  best  geography  lessons  for  adults,  as  well  as  the 
rising  generation,  are  to  be  seen  in  the  movie  theaters  today. 
There  has  been  an  improvement  in  the  standard  of  pictures  ex- 
hibited in  theaters,  with  the  result  that  public  morals  will  be 
bettered  by  the  trend  of  public  taste  and  the  movies  will  become 
[more  and  more  a  factor  in  moral  education— that  no  blue  laws 
Iwill  ever  darken  with  fanaticism. 

The  Film  School  Will  Reduce  Truancy 

i  It  appeals  to  the  interest  of  the  pupiFs.  It  forms  a  constructive 
ifactor  for  the  promotion  of  school  attendance.  This  idea  is  the 
advance  agent  of  the  new  school,  in  the  new  world,  that  calls 
for  new  ideals  and  the  supplementing  of  the  textbook  with  films. 

An  attractive  school  means  the  reduction  of  truancy.  If 
"Huckleberry  Finn"  could  step,  barefooted  and  cynical,  from 
the  pages  of  fiction  and  become  a  bit  of  breath-blown  clay  in 
the  future,  to  walk  and  talk,  he  would  doubtless  say:  "I'll  never 
brnn  from  school  no  more.  Gee!  These  pictures  are  great!  They 
teach  me  more'n  books  could  ever  git  in  my  head." 

And  the  "Huck  Finn"  of  America  today  would  go  to  school 
instead  of  to  the  Juvenile  Court  and  the  reform  school  if  we  had 
more  schools  with  motion  pictures  in  the  classrooms.  Less 
truancy  now  means  less  crime  in  the  future  and  less  expense 


to  the  taxpayers  in  the  maintenance  of  corrective  institutions  and 
prisons. 

Visualized  lessons  lend  a  spice  of  novelty  to  the  curricula  of 
the  school.  Supplemented  with  an  expansion  of  humane  activi- 
ties in  our  schools  for  handicapped  children  the  child  on  the 
crutch  will  have  a  chance,  the  pale-faced  tubercular  will  smile 
in  the  "open  air"  room,  and  the  school  will  become  the  good 
Samaritan,  the  humanitarian,  as  well  as  the  educator. 

Movies,  Muscle,  Mind,  and  Morals 

Physical  culture  and  manual  training,  music,  drawing  and 
domestic  science  are  here  to  stay,  to  expand.  The  utilitarian  sys- 
tem with  the  academic  means  that  the  four  M's  (movies,  muscle, 
mind  and  morals)  are  predestined  to  supplement  and  largely 
supplant  the  old-fashioned  three  R's. 

At  the  eleventh  annual  convention  of  the  National  League  of 
Compulsory  Education  Officials,  held  at  Detroit  November  9-12, 
inclusive,  the  subject  of  motion  pictures  for  schools  and  the  ex- 
pansion of  visual  education  was  discussed.  A  resolution  was 
unanimously  adopted  at  this  important  conference  on  child  wel- 
fare indorsing  the  proposition.  Does  this  not  indicate  that  the 
national  trend  is  toward  greater  visualization  in  the  greater  edu- 
cation of  the  greater  republic? 

Dean  Sumner,  now  bishop  of  Oregon,  once  told  me,  when  he 
was  in  social  work  in  Chicago,  that  I  was  "living  ahead  of  my 
time,"  but  that  I  was  right.  I've  lived  to  see  many  of  my  prophe- 
cies and  theories  realized. 

In  predicting  the  eventual  triumph  of  visual  education,  installa- 
tion and  success  of  motion  pictures  in  the  American  schools  of 
the  future,  many  of  you,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  and  Miss  Reader,  will 
live  to  see  the  dawn  of  that  day  in  progressive  education  which 
will  be  a  logical  reality,  and  not  the  theoretical  dreamland  of  a 
Utopia  unattained. ' 

MOVIES  TO  TEACH  IMMIGRANTS  AMERICAN  IDEAS 

A  LL  aliens  in  the  United  States  will  be  registered  annually,  so 
-^  that  school  officials  may  keep  track  of  them,  if  congress 
passes  the  bill  introduced  by  Representative  Johnson,  chairman 
of  the  house  committee  on  immigration.  It  is  furthermore  pro- 
vided that  the  department  of  labor  may  collect  information  that 
will  be  helpful  to  immigration  officials.  In  place  of  the  present 
bureau  of  naturalization,  the  bill  creates  a  bureau  of  citizenship, 
and  the  director  of  this  bureau  will  promote  instruction  in  the 
English  language  and  training  in  citizenship  responsibilities  for 
persons  of  foreign  birth,  especially  those  of  14  years  and  upward. 
Instruction  in  physical  education,  health  and  sanitation  will  also 
be  spread. 

The  director  will  also  disseminate  information  regarding  the 
institutions  of  the  United  States  government  and  people.  Motion 
pictures  will  be  among  the  means  used  to  spread  American  ideas. 
An  appropriation  of  $300,000  is  proposed  for  the  cost  of  this 
work  in  addition  to  the  sum  heretofore  spent  by  the  bureau  of 
naturalization. 


"MOTION  PICTURES  MUST  COORDINATE  WITH  THE  CURRICULUM' 

'  This  is  the  Conclusion  of  the  Curriculum  Committee  in  Its  Latest 

Report  to  the  New  York  Visual  Instruction  Association — Con- 
vincing Efficiency  Tests  by  Weber,  Davis,  and  Shepherd 


THE  Curriculum  Committee  of  the  New  York  Visual  In- 
struction Association,  Rowland  Rogers,  chairman,  made 
the  following  report  to  Ernest  L.  Crandall,  president  of 
the  association,  in  which  attention  is  called  to  "the  fact 
that  the  success  or  failure  of  motion  pictures  for  instruction  de- 
pends upon  the  painstaking  care  with  which  the  pictures  are 
selected  to  coordinate  with  the  regular  curriculum."  The  report 
also  speaks  of  "the  development  of  the  demand  for  instruction 
pictures"  and  "a  favorable  change  in  the  attitude  of  some  pro- 
ducers toward  the  use  of  pictures  in  the  non-theatrical  field." 

Ij!1^cr£ased  Demand  for  Instructional  Films 

We  are  inspired  by  evidence  of  an  increasing  interest  in  the  produc- 
tion and  use  of  motion  pictures  for  instruction.  Last  year's  report  re- 
ferred to  the  distressing  fact  that  most  of  the  motion  pictures  the 
schools  were  using  are  malieshifts.  That  is,  they  were  pictures  which  had 
been  designed  primarily  for  showing  in  motion  picture  theaters  as  en- 
tertainment and  had  been  re-edited  for  instruction.  With  the  develop- 
ment of  the  demand  for  instruction  picures,  we  note  a  favorable  change 
in  the  attitude  of  some  producers  toward  the  use  of  pictures  in  the 
non-theatrical  field. 

The  following  statement  is  significant:  Several  industries  have  ex- 
pressed a  willingness  to  permit  our  committee  to  suggest  subject  matter 
for  their  films  and  approve  the  scenario  before  the  picture  is  produced. 

The  committee  is  constantly  mindful  of  the  fact  that  the  success  or 
failure  of  motion  pictures  for  instruction  depends  upon  the  painstaking 
care  with  which  the  pictures  are  selected  to  coordinate  with  tlie  regular 
curriculum. 

The  various  sub-committees  have  found  the  following  groups  of  pic- 
tures. They  are  signs  of  the  times.  That  is,  they  indicate  the  gradual 
trend  of  public  thought  toward  the  use  of  motion  pictures  for  instruc- 
tion. 

(a)  A  series  of  non-sectarian  religious  pictures  based  upon  the  Bible 
which  are  reverently  done.  The  screen  technique  including  the  acting, 
direction  and  the  settings  are  adequate.  The  subjects  include:  Creation, 
Cain  and  Abel,  Noah's  Ark,  The  Deluge. 

(b)  Several  pictures  which  portray  the  lives  of  American  authors. 
They  include:  John  Greenleaf  Whittier,  Washington  Irving,  James  Rus- 
sell Lowell,  Henry  W.  Longfellow,  Fenimore  Cooper. 

(c)  One  producer  of  Longfellow's  poem,  Evangeline,  has  agreed  to 
re-edit  the  theatrical  edition,  cutting  it  down  to  a  three-reel  picture  in 
a  form  suitable  for  sclwol  showing. 

Last  year  Professor  Joseph  J.  Weber  made  a  series  of  tests  in  Public 
School  62.  The  following  results  of  one  of  his  experiments  was  not  re- 
ferred to  in  the  last  committee  report: 

20.9  Points  Gained  by  Pupils  With  Geography  Film 

Four  hundred  and  eighty-five  pupils  in  Public  School  62  were  exam- 
ined as  to  their  knowledge  of  geography.  When  the  experiment  began, 
all  pupils  had  an  average  knowledge  of  about  81.8  units.  This  standing 
they  had  gained  from  the  knowledge  of  their  geography  prior  to  the  ex- 
periment. From  this  starting  point  (31.8  units)  the  four  hundred  and 
eighty-five  pupils  who  were  taught  orally  without  the  aid  of  the  cor- 
related motion  picture  film,  improved  to  45.5  points,  a  gain  of  13.7.  The 
same  pupils  with  the  aid  of  the  film  shown  after  the  oral  lesson,  im- 
proved to  49.9  points,  a  gain  of  18.1.  The  same  pupils  with  the  aid  of 
the  motion  picture  film  before  the  lesson,  improved  to  52.7  points,  a 
gain  of  20.9.  Professor  Weber  says,  "statistically  these  points  are  re- 
liable to  the  point  of  practical  certainty." 

Roy  L.  Davis,  graduate  student  of  New  York  University,  conducted 
an  experiment  in  another  of  the  New  York  Schools.  A  partial  list  of 
his  conclusions  are  as  follows: 

Close  Cooperation  of  Pboducer  and  School  People  Needed 

On  the  production  side  there  is  (a)  a  decided  lack  of  suitable  film 
on  school  subjects.  This,  however,  is  being  improved  every  day. 
(b)  There  is  a  decided  need  of  a  closer  cooperation  between  the  pro- 
ducer of  educational  motion  pictures  and  the  school  men  who  are  to 
make  use  of  these  films  in  the  class-room,  (c)  There  is  a  need  for  a 
"re-edlting"  of  the  existing  educational  motion  pictures,  in  order  to 
taakt  them  adaptable  to  the  curriculum. 

On  the  pedagogical  side  there  is  a  need  of  better  correlation  of  mo- 
tion pictures  with  the  present  school  curriculum.  Mr.  Davis  states  the 
experimental  study  of  children's  perceptual  judgments  is  particularly 
beneficial  from  a  production  point  of  view. 

1.  Motion  pictures  should  be  differentiated  for  pupils  of  different 
*gec. 


2.  The  pupils  know  more  about  their  lessons,  particularly  visual  les- 
sons, with  few  exceptions,  a  week  afterwards  than  they  do  at  the  time. 

In  the  spring  of  1920  Professor  J.  W.  Shepherd  of  tiie  University  of 
Oklahoma  conducted  a  test  on  about  a  dozen  pupils  of  average  intelli- 
gence in  one  of  the  high  schools  of  Madison,  Wisconsin. 

Film  Beat  Average  Teacher  12.14  Per  Cent.  ,; 

Abstract  and  concrete  subjects  were  taught  to  one  group  by  means. 
of  films  only,  to  another  group  by  a  superior  instructor  and  to' another 
group  by  an  average  instructor.  The  film  scored  an  average  of  74.5 
per  cent,  the  superior  teacher  an  average  of  66.9  per  cent,  and  the 
average  teacher  61.36  per  cent.  In  other  words,  the  film  beat  the 
best  teacher  by  6.6  per  cent  and  the  average  teacher  by  12.14  per  cent. 

Tests  and  experiments  of  this  sort,  to  evaluate  motion  pictures  for 
instruction  purposes,  are  being  conducted  in  several  places.  Before  long 
there  will  be  on  hand  accurate  scientific  information  and  proof  based 
upon  tests,  which  will  determine  conclusively  how,  and  when,  and  where 
motion  pictures  for  instruction  can  be  used  to  advantage. 

Nine  Sub-Committees  Working  on  Visual  Methods 

The  following  sub-committees  of  the  Curriculum  Committee  have  been  i 
appointed   by  the  president  of  the  association   and  are  now  at  work: 
Biology,    Geography,   English,    Civics,   Domestic    Science,    Continuation  | 
Schools,  Physical  Education,  Films  for  Younger  Children. 

A  new  committee  for  the  Americanization  of  Illiterate  Adults  will  be! 
selected  shortly. 

The  duties  and  responsibilities  of  these  committees  will  be  enlarged  j 
during  the  present  year.  The  work  will  continue  to  be  better  organized,  | 
that  the  committees  may  function  to  greater  advantage. 


EDUCATIONAL  EFFICIENCY  THROUGH  THE  CINEMA 
By  H.  G.  Wells 

THE  possibilities  of  certain  branches  of  teaching  have  been 
altogether  revolutionized  by  the  cinematograph.  There 
should  be  a  half  a  dozen  projectors  or  so  in  every  school 
and  a  well  stocked  storehouse  of  films.  In  nearly  every  school 
nowadays  you  will  find  a  lot  of  more  or  less  worn  and  damaged 
scientific  apparatus  supposed  to  be  used  for  demonstrating  the 
elementary  facts  of  chemistry,  physics,  and  the  like.  But  it  ought 
to  be  entirely  out  of  date.  All  that  scientific  bric-a-brac  in  the 
cupboard  had  better  be  thrown  away.  All  the  demonstration 
experiments  that  science  teachers  will  require  in  the  future  can 
be  performed  once  for  all — before  a  cinematograph.  You  can  get 
the  best  and  most  dexterous  teacher  in  the  world — ^he  can  do  what 
has  to  be  done  with  the  best  apparatus,  in  the  best  light;  anything 
that  is  very  minute  or  subtle  you  can  magnify  or  repeat  from  an- 
other point  of  view;  anything  that  is  intricate  you  can  record  with 
extreme  slowness;  you  can  show  the  facts  a  mile  off  or  six  inches 
off,  and  all  that  your  actual  class  teacher  need  do  now  is  to  spend 
five  minutes  on  getting  out  the  films  he  wants,  ten  minutes  in 
reading  over  the  corresponding  lecture  notes,  and  then  he  can  run 
the  film,  give  the  lesson,  question  his  class  upon  it,  note  what  they 
miss  and  how  they  take  it,  run  the  film  again  for  a  second  scrutiny, 
and  get  out  for  the  subsequent  study  of  the  class  the  ample  supply 
of  diagrams  and  pictures  needed  to  fix  the  lesson.  Can  there  be 
any  comparison  between  the  educational  efficiency  of  the  two 
methods? 

NEW  VISUAL  EDUCATION  BULLETINS  OF  N.  Y.  STATE 

THE  State  Education  Department  of  the  University  of  the  State  of 
New  York  has  issued  four  additional  bulletins  of  visual  education 
helps,  namely:  Outline  of  Vitual  Method  A)  Applied  to  the  Teaching  of 
South  America  (reprint  of  Bulletin  684  with  modifications);  Oeorfg, 
Washington,  2  parts,  List  8,  (Second  edition  enlarged  and  revised);  Bif 
Walter  Scott  and  Hit  Work*,  List  16,  (Second  edition  enlarged  and  re-j 
vised) ;  Painting*,  List  41.  These  bulletins  include  lists  of  available' 
slides  apd  photographs. 


OFFICIAL  MOVIE  CHAT  FOR  THEATER  OWNERS 

Arts,  Sciences,  Industries,  and  "Finest  Things  in  the  Lives  of  All 

Nations"  to  Be  Screened  Weekly  in  Thousands 

of  Theaters 

ONE  of  the  most  significant  signs  of  the  times  in  the  theatrical 
branch  of  the  motion  picture  industry,  indicating  that  the 
progressive  theater  owners  of  the  country  sense  the  chang- 
ing conditions  and  desire  to  keep  their  fingers  on  the  public  pulse, 
is  the  contract  recently  entered  into  whereby  an  informational  and 
inspirational  reel  will  be  released  weekly  for  screening  in  thous- 
;mds  of  American  theaters.  The  arrangement  was  made  between  the 
Motion  Picture  Theater  Owners  of  America  and  the  Kineto  Com- 
pany of  America,  Inc.,  after  a  series  of  conferences.  It  marks 
a  distinct  forward  step  on  the  part  of  theatrical  exhibitors  and 
may  prove  to  be  the  beginning  of  a  new  and  better  era  in  the 
production  and  local  exhibition  of  films  with  a  purpose. 

This  weekly  reel  is  to  be  known  as  "The  Official  Urban  Movie 
Chats  of  the  Motion  Picture  Theater  Owners  of  America." 
Charles  Urban,  president  of  the  Kineto  Company,  declares  that 
"with  the  combined  aid  of  the  officers  and  members  of  the  former 
organization  and  the  advisory  board  to  be  created,  this  will  be 
the  finest  single  reel  motion  picture  ever  produced.  The  arts, 
the  sciences,  the  industries,  and  the  finest  things  in  the  lives  of 
all  nations  will  be  depicted  therein."  Sydney  S.  Cohen,  presi- 
dent of  the  M.  P.  T.  0.,  says  that  this  innovation  "affords  the 
great  opportunity  we  have  always  sought  to  make  the  motion  pic- 
jture  theater  of  the  highest  constructive  value  to  all  communities 
in  carrying  forward  progressive  public  programs  of  all  kinds. 
It  is  truly  the  visualized  press  which  we  intend  to  make  in  as 
complete  a  sense  as  possible  the  servant  of  the  people  in  every 
American  commmiity." 

The  advisory  board  will  consist  of  influential  men  and  women 
as  well  as  the  editors  of  motion  picture  trade  journals,  and  sug- 
gestions will  also  be  received  from  individual  theater  owners. 
Following  is  the  introductory  wording  which  is  to  appear  at  the 
beginning  of  the  film  each  week: 

DECLARATION  OF  PRINCIPLES  OF  THE  MOTION  PICTURE 
THEATER  OAVNERS  OF  AMERICA 

Realizing  the  tremendous  influence  of  motion  pictures  at  this  time  for 
the  re-establishment  of  the  principle  of  right  thinking  among  our  people, 
dedicate  ourselves  to  the  following  construfctive  plan: 

First:  To  encourage  in  every  way  possible  the  production  of  clean, 
wholesome  and  optimistic  films. 

Second:  To  take  an  active  interest  in  the  public  welfare  and  cooperate 
with  our  community  civic  and  social  forces,  in  helping  to  maintain  a 
high  moral  standard. 

Third:  To  utilize  our  theaters  and  screens  for  the  purpose  of  helping 
our  boys  and  girls  to  become  good  citizens. 

And  last:  To  do  our  part  to  tlie  full  measure  in  helping  to  re-estab- 
lish a  healthy  condition  throughout  our  country. 

Motion  Pictche  Theater  Ownehs  op  Amehica. 

"THE  SOCIAL  MOTIVE  IN  SCHOOL  WORK" 

■PiANIEL  J.  GOFF,  Chicago  cinematographer,  has  just  completed  the 
camera  work  on  a  new  two-reel  production  called  The  Social  Motive 
in  School  Work  the  scenes  of  which  were  taken  at  the  Francis  W. 
Parker  School,  Chicago.  This  interesting  subject  is  scheduled  for  re- 
lease on  February  1,  1922. 

M^  [Ml 

3,000  PUPILS  SEE  "WINNERS  OF  THE  WEST" 
T^HROUGH  Ernest  L.  CrandaU,  director  of  lectures  and  visual  in-* 
■*•  struction  of  the  New  York  City  Board  of  Education,  an  arrange- 
;ment  was  made  recently  with  the  Universal  Film  Manufacturing  Com- 
•  pany  to  show  two  episodes  of  the  new  thriUs-f rom-history  serial  Winners 
I  of  the  Wett  each  week  for  nine  consecutive  weeks  at  the  Central 
I  Theater,  in  that  city,  each  Saturday  morning  at  ten  and  eleven  o'clock. 
;  Three  thousand  students  of  American  history  classes  in  .550  city  schools 
were  admitted  to  the  showings.  It  was  believed  that  these  pupils  might 
I  be  inspired  to  take  a  keener  interest  in  American  history  after  seeing 
I  the  deeds  of  the  pioneers  visualized  in  motion  pictures. 


OSTEOPATHS  VIEW  SURGICAL  FILMS 

/~iNE  of  the  features  of  the  annual  fall  meeting  of  the  sixth 
district,  Iowa  Osteopathic  Association,  which  met  in  New- 
ton, Iowa,  in  October  was  the  showing  of  public  health  films  of 
the  Des  Moines  Still  College  of  Osteopathy  at  the  Rialto  Theater. 
Dr.  J.  E.  Gray  and  Dr.  C.  D.  McClain  conducted  the  two  shows: 
one  for  women  only  at  10  a.  m.  and  the  other  at  12:45  p.  m.  for 
men.     No  children  under  fifteen  years  of  age  were  admitted. 

Included  in  the  scenes  was  a  Caesarian  operation  at  Des  Moines 
General  Hospital,  the  taking  of  X-Ray  pictures,  and  depicting  life 
in  a  modern  hospital.  In  the  college  picture  is  shown  every  phase 
of  school  life,  starting  with  a  "pep"  meeting  and  going  through 
to  the  conducting  of  clinics  by  various  specialists.  There  is  a 
trip  to  the  chemical  laboratory,  dissecting  room,  treating  rooms, 
classrooms  and  various  members  appear  in  the  film.  Dr.  J.  H. 
Styles,  clinician  at  Still  College,  lectured. 

MOTION  PICTURE  CAMERA  TO  SAVE  COAL 

CAVINGS  in  coal  consumption  may  be  efifected  through  the  in- 
strumentality of  the  motion  picture  camera,  it  was  said  at  a 
recent  meeting  of  the  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers. 
The  camera  has  been  used  to  record  the  phenomena  of  combustion 
in  big  furnaces  at  a  range  so  close  that  the  eye  could  not  withstand 
the  heat  long  enough  to  make  the  necessary  observations.  Motion 
pictures  of  coal  combustion  taken  under  the  highest  temperatures 
were  exhibited  by  R.  Sanford  Riley,  manufacturing  associate  of 
the  inventor  of  a  special  camera  designed  to  make  pictures  in  blast 
furnaces,  glass  furnaces,  gas  and  other  similar  plants. 

Dp*     -  I|D) 

"WHAT'S  THE  LIMIT"  PEACE  PROPAGANDA 
"DEBECCA  Skinner,  chairman  of  the  motion  picture  committee 

of  the  Council  for  Limitation  of  Armament,  has  sent  a  letter 
to  7,000  motion  picture  theater  exhibitors  in  the  United  States 
and  Canada  urging  them  to  cooperate  in  the  effort  for  permanent 
peace  by  exhibiting  a  Julian  Ollendorff  Sketchograf  released  by 
Educational  Film  Corporation  and  entitled  What's  The  Limit? 
Attached  to  the  letter  was  a  list  of  about  fifty  organizations  par- 
ticipating in  or  cooperating  with  the  council.  What's  The  Limit? 
is  a  story  told  in  sketches,  drawn  under  the  camera,  of  the  terrible 
burden  which  war  and  armament  have  put  upon  the  world  for 
ages. 


FARMERS  TO  PRODUCE  12  FEATURE  FILMS 

'T'HE  American  Farm  Bureau  Federation  plans  to  use  films 
more  extensively  next  year.  It  purposes  to  produce  at  least 
12  features  in  addition  to  a  series  of  news  reels  and  cartoons. 
Distribution  will  be  through  state  farm  bureau  federations  or 
direct  to  theaters  and  non-theatrical  exhibitors.  The  federation 
has  also  completed  arrangements  to  supply  county  farm  bureaus 
with  portable  projectors  at  cost. 

Mb        [nTit 

"THE  BATTLE  OF  JUTLAND"  TO  BE  SHOWN  MIDDIES 

rpBE  BATTLE  OF  JUTLAND,  the  remarkable  film  portrayal  of  the 
-'-  world's  greatest  naval  conflict,  is  to  be  presented  at  the  United 
States  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis  on  January  7lh  by  the  Educational 
Film  Corporation  under  the  direction  of  Admiral  Wilson,  superintendent 
of  the  academy,  for  the  benefit  of  the  naval  students  and  officers.  A 
program  made  up  of  Educational  releases,  including  news  reel,  scenic, 
comedy  and  dramatic  photoplay,  has  been  arranged  to  afford  an  eve- 
ning's entertainment  for  the  middies.  For  the  benefit  of  army  and 
navy  officers  unable  to  attend  the  showing  at  Annapolis,  the  program 
will  be  repeated  at  the  Marine  Barracks  at  Washington. 


NATURAL  HISTORY 


~j 


FILMS  INVALUABLE  FOR  NATURE  STUDY 
By  M.  L.  Brittain 

state   Superintendent   of   Schools,   Georgia 

THOUGHTFUL  observers  believe  that  the  time  is  not  far 
distant  when  motion  pictures  will  be  used  in  most  of  our 
schools.  In  the  large  and  populous  communities  one  or 
more  of  the  school  buildings  will  have  rooms  especially  con- 
structed for  this  purpose.  About  five-sixths  of  what  we  know 
must  come  through  the  eye,  rather  than  the  other  senses,  and 
educational  authorities  will  realize  this  more  and  more  with 
motion  picture  machines. 

In  certain  studies,  motion  pictures  will  be  more  helpful  than 
in  others.  It  seems  to  me  that  geography,  biology  and  the  whole 
field  of  nature  study  are  particularly  suitable  for  help  from  thi- 
source.  The  reinforcement  of  the  lecture  by  means  of  the  pic- 
ture will  add  emphasis  and  pleasure  as  well  to  the  instruction. 

Travel,  too,  rightfully  has  always  been  regarded  as  a  real 
form  of  education.  The  best  substitute  ever  devised  for  the  actual 
visit  is  the  motion  picture,  with  its  life-like  reproduction  of  people 
and  scenes.  For  its  educational  value,  as  well  as  its  agreeable 
relaxation,  travelogues  and  travel  scenes  in  general,  it  seems  to 
me,  are  among  our  best  forms  of  school  entertainment.  It  is  fre- 
quently aaid  that  schools  are  too  far  removed  from  life.  It  is  cer- 
tainly true  in  most  cases. 

During  the  regular  school  exercises  and  when  the  building  is 
used  for  conxmunity  center  purposes,  motion  pictures  can  add 
much  to  the  lifeless  atmosphere  and  develop  interest  in  the  educa- 
tional work,  as  well  as  the  community. 

This  generation  has  seen  the  public  by  the  millions  crowd  the 
motion  picture  shows.  Within  a  few  short  years  we  shall  see  the 
schools  use  them  for  instruction  and  entertainment  as  well. 

A  "CUCKOO"  OF  A  PICTURE 

A  remarkably  informative  motion  picture  about  cuckoos  has 
been  shown  in  London,  according  to  a  report  in  The  Lon- 
don Times.  It  was  made  by  Edgar  Chance  and,  besides 
including  "the  first  photograph  ever  taken  of  the  cuckoo  when 
laying,"  resulted  in  "one  or  two  new  discoveries  about  the  habits 
of  the  cuckoo."  Although  less  than  1,000  feet  in  length,  the 
film  "illustrates  the  life  of  the  cuckoo  from  the  actual  laying 
of  the  egg  until  the  grown  bird  leaves  the  nest  of  its  foster  parents 
after  murdering  the  other  occupants." 

The  friendly  little  cuckoo's  procedure,  when  laying  an  egg,  is 

shown  to  be  as  follows: 

The  cuckoo,  at  any  rate  when  laying  in  nests  on  the  ground, 
actually  sits  on  the  nest.  Before  laying  the  bird  conceals  herself  In  a 
tree  from  which  she  can  suitably  survey  the  nest  in  which  she  intends  to 
leave  her  egg.  The  trees  that  were  chosen  during  the  present  series  of 
observations  were  at  distances  ranging  from  20  to  150  yards  from  the 
nest,  according  to  the  opportunity  offered.  The  bird  often  sits  motion- 
less for  hours  looking  at  the  nest  in  which  she  Is  going  to  deposit  her 
egg.  Then  suddenly  she  swoops  down  on  the  nest  As  the  cuckoo  ap- 
proaches she  picks  up  und  holds  in  her  beak  one  of  the  eggs  already  in 
the  nest,  and  only  then  does  she  lay  her  own  egg.  She  sits  on  the  nest 
like  a  flash,  and  is  rarely  more  than  ten  seconds  laying  her  egg.  Then 
she  backs  out  and  flics  away  with  the  stolen  egg  in  her  beak,  and  returns 
to  a  neighboring  tree  to  eat  the  stolen  egg. 

What  happens  during  and  after  the  laying  of  the  egg  is  also 
shown  in  the  picture,  according  to  the  following  description: 

Tlic  foster  parents  of  the  cuokew's  eggs  in  this  film  are  all  meadow 
pipits  or  titlarks.  There  are  some  excellent  pictures  of  the  rage  of 
these  birds  when  the  cuckoo  is  depositing  her  unwanted  egg  in  their 
home,  and  an  interesting  series  show  "close-up"  views  of  the  young 


jaATURE  study  on  the  farm   is  one  of  the  most  appealing  forms  to  preset 

visually  to  the  child.    To  the  city  child  it  opens  up  a  vast  unknown  worl 

To  the  farm  and  country-bred  boy  or  girl  it  makes  early  impressions  enduriii 

cuckoo  in  its  alien  home.  When  two  or  three  days  old,  although  stiL 
blind,  the  cuckoo  ejects  from  the  nest  two  young  nestmates  and  ar 
addled  egg.  The  foster-mother  does  not  seem  to  be  in  the  least  con- 
cerned at  this  violent  treatment  of  her  own  children  by  the  intruder, 
and  the  egg  is  actually  tipped  over  the  edge  of  the  nest  by  the  younj 
cuckoo  wliile  the  mother  titlark  is  brooding  the  young. 

BIRD  FILMS  AT  ORNITHOLOGISTS'  MEETING 

"DIRDS  of  various  varieties  and  variegated  plumage  flitted  aboul 
on  the  movie  screen  at  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences, 
Nineteenth  and  Race  Streets,  Philadelphia,  while  the  assembled 
ornithologists  attending  the  annual  convention  discussed  thei 
characteristics. 

All  papers  read  at  the  afternoon  session  were  illustrated  wit! 
animated  pictures  of  Bird  Life  in  Holland,  also  Bird  Life  in  tfu 
West,  while  Adolph  Burdet,  from  Overveen,  Holland,  discoursec 
on  species  that  inhabit  his  home  land,  and  T.  Gilbert  Pearson 
of  New  York,  told  of  the  varieties  in  the  west.  Arthur  A.  Allen 
of  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  told  of  the  "New  Use  for  Motion  Pictures  a 
Birds,"  and  Thomas  S.  Roberts,  of  Minneapolis,  presented  somi 
interesting  Studies  of  Some  Familiar  Birds  in  Motion  Pictures. 

"NATURE'S  BABIES" 

T^HIS  one-reeler  depicts  the  parental  instincts  of  birds  an 
animals.  The  material  is  said  to  come  from  a  dozen  diffei 
ent  cinematographers  in  various  parts  of  the  world.  The  thr© 
principal  contributors  were  Raymond  L.  Ditmars,  curator  of  thi 
New  York  Zoological  Society;  F.  Percy  Smith,  a  London  sciei 
tist  who  has  been  associated  with  Charles  Urban  for  more  ih 
fifteen  years  in  the  making  of  instructional  films;  and  Arthur 
Fisher,  the  well-known  naturalist-photographer. 

The  mothers  and  offspring  of  the  redstart,  the  bluebird,  th( 
chaffinch,  the  bunny  cottontail,  the  llama,  the  hippopotamus,  th 
'possum,  the  bear,  the  zebra,  the  kangaroo,  and  other  animal 
are  shown  in  Nature's  Babies.  It  is  apparent  from  this  pictun 
that  the  mother-instinct  is  not  a  trait  peculiar  to  human  being 
but  is  common  to  all  living  creatures;  that  the  animal  world 
like  the  human,  has  its  orphans  and  foundlings;  and  that  lif 
with  the  so-called  lower  animals  is  the  same  in  degree  if  not  i| 
kind  as  that  of  the  higher  animal,  man. 

Natvre'i  Bahiei.    Kincto  Company  of  America.    1  reel. 


"PETER  POINTS  THE  WAY" 

By  Leon  a  Block 

A  five-reel  drama  illustrating  a  service  to  foreigners  had  its  premier  showing  at  the 
Criterion  Theater,  New  York  City,  December  6,  before  government  officials,  indus- 
trial leaders,  educators,  and  representatives  of  Americanization  committees.  This  un- 
usual Americanization  picture  tells  graphically  a  story  about  the  Salna  family  living 
near  a  war-swept  path  near  Riga,  in  Latvia,  where  lack  of  employment  has  almost  elim- 
inated the  everyday  comforts  of  the  household. 

Andre,  the  father,  receives  a  letter  from  his  friend  Peter  who  had  immigrated  to  Amer- 
ica ten  years  ago,  urging  the  Salna  family  to  come  to  the  United  States.  Andre  realizes 
that  it  is  impossible  to  obtain  sufficient  money  for  the  traveling  expenses  of  his  wife  and 
young  son  Hans  but  the  wife's  savings  decide  it.  They  make  plans  to  leave  Latvia,  but 
Hans  is  in  love  with  Emma,  a  neighbor's  daughter,  therefore  reluctantly  consents  to  leave 
the  homeland. 

During  the  voyage  from  England  on  the  S.  S.  Olympic,  they  take  great  interest  in  the 
lectures  given  by  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  secretary  to  the  steerage  passengers,  showing  them  maps 
and  scenes  of  civic  and  industrial  activities  in  many  sections  of  the  United  States.  When 
the  ship  anchors  at  quarantine  Andre  is  approached  by  a  traveling  acquaintance  who  sug- 
gests exchanging  Andre's  Lettish  money  for  United  States  currency  and  the  offer  is  ac- 
cepted. The  steamer  docks  in  New  York  harbor  and  the  Salnas  are  transferred  with  other 
third  class  passengers  to  a  barge  which  takes  them  to  Ellis  Island  where  80  per  cent  of 
the  immigrants  enter  the  United  States. 

"Treat  kindly,  examine  justly,  handle  humanely"  is  the  slogan  of  the  Ellis  Island  staff 
in  serving  America  and  the  immigrant.  The  Salnas  pass  the  rigid  examinations  until  they 
reach  the  registry  office  where  it  is  discovered  that  they  lack  the  required  amount  of 
money.  Andre  then  realizes  that  he  had  been  cheated  in  the  money  exchange  by  his  fellow- 
passenger.  They  are  temporarily  detained  on  the  island  and  the  Federal  officer  notifies 
Andre's  friend  Peter,  in  Philadelphia,  of  their  plight.  The  Ellis  Island  Y.  M.  C.  A.  secre- 
tary also  telegraphs  Peter  supplementing  the  government  wire:  "Andre  Salna  family  de- 
tained, caused  by  lack  of  funds;  your  assistance  needed."  Peter  calls  at  the  Philadelphia 
Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  asks  them  to  forward  to  the  Y.  at  Ellis  Island  $75,  the  amount  re- 
quired, which  releases  the  Salna  family.  They  take  the  train  to  Philadelphia  and  the  Y. 
secretary  notifies  his  co-worker  in  that  city,  giving  the  hour  of  their  arrival  at  the  Broad 
street  station  where  they  are  met  by  Peter  accompanied  by  the  local  Y.  secretary. 

Peter's  wife  welcomes  them  to  her  home  the  luxury  of  which  in  their  eyes  denotes  ap- 
parent wealth  but  in  reality  contains  only  the  comforts  of  the  successful  American  work- 
ingman's  home.  After  dinner,  at  Andre's  request,  Peter  explains  the  road  to  success  for 
the  foreign-bom  in  the  United  States :  "Learn  the  language,  laws,  and  history  of  the  country, 
take  out  your  papers,  and  stick  to  your  church."  He  tells  them  his  experiences  from  the 
day  he  was  first  encouraged  and  helped  by  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  until  he  became  an  American 
citizen,  and  his  part  in  the  great  war.  Peter  makes  it  clear  that  if  Andre  and  Hans  are  "to 
make  good"  in  America  they  must  be  willing  to  work  and  take  advantage  of  all  opportunities 
offered  for  advancement. 

Five  years  later  we  see  the  Salna  family,  who  have  profited  by  Peter's  advice,  and 
Andre  receives  his  final  papers,  making  him  a  citizen  and,  automatically,  his  wife  and  son 
become  citizens.  Hard  work  and  continual  study  have  brought  them  prosperity  and  Hans, 
who  is  nearly  twenty-one,  sends  for  his  boyhood  sweetheart  in  Latvia.  When  Emma  ar- 
rives at  Ellis  Island  he  meets  her  with  a  wedding  ring  and  marriage  license  accompanied 
by  the  Y.  secretary  from  Philadelphia,  who  has  proved  himself  a  valuable  friend  to  the 
Salna  family  and  is  now  to  act  as  witness  to  the  wedding  ceremony  before  Emma  will  be 
allowed  to  leave  the  Island. 

The  realism  of  the  picture  arouses  one's  sympathy  and  interest  for  our  foreign  bom 
population.  There  are  actual  scenes  on  Ellis  Island  with  himdreds  of  immigrants .  uncon- 
sciously playing  their  parts  in  the  drama.  Only  the  four  principal  characters  are  acted 
by  professionals. 

The  film  was  produced  to  show  the  valuable  Americanization  work  done  by  the  Y.  M. 

(Continued  on  page  19 J 


"NEW  JERSEY  HEALTH  CRUSADERS" 

By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

AN  important  subject  illustrating  New  Jersey's  crusade  against 
tuberculosis  is  aimed  to  fix  in  the  public  mind  the  value 
and  effectiveness  of  preventive  measures;  to  overcome  fear 
of  the  disease  if  met  by  scientific  treatment  early  in  its  develop- 
ment; and. to  lay  convincing  emphasis  upon  the  fact  that  life  in 
modern  sanitoriums  is  cheerful  and  normal. 

Entitled  Take  No  Chances,  the  story  which  carries  this  mes- 
sage is  as  follows:  The  father  of  a  family  having  died  of  tuber- 
culosis, a  district  nurse  advises  the  survivors  to  submit  to  clinical 
examination.  The  older  son  and  daughter  are  pronounced  tuber- 
cular. The  son,  resolved  to  make  a  fight  for  health,  goes  to  a 
sanitorium.  The  daughter  refuses  to  go,  and  remains  at  home 
with  her  mother,  who  is  not  progressive  and  who  has  expressed 
herself  thankful  that  the  husband  and  father  had  not  been  "shipped 
oflF  to  die  in  some  institution  among  strangers."  The  son's  ex- 
perience at  the  sanitorium  is  salutary  as  well  as  curative.  The 
doctors  are  friendly  and  inspiring;  the  patients  furnish  cheerful 
comradeship.  Every  clinical  help  and  safeguard  is  at  his  service 
at  all  times.  After  a  thorough  course  of  treatment,  he  is  evacua- 
ted— cured.  At  home  he  learns  the  sad  truth  about  his  sister  as 
his  mother  exclaims,  "If  she  had  only  listened  to  you,  before  it 
was  too  late!" 

This  production  was  made  with  the  cooperation  and  under  the 
supervision  of  experts.  With  the  exception  of  one  character,  the 
players  are  doctors,  nurses,  social  workers,  and  patients.  One  of 
the  finest  clinics  and  its  staff  in  a  large  city  were  used,  and  the 
New  Jersey  State  Sanitorium  served  for  the  scenes  showing  life 
and  treatment  in  a  tuberculosis  sanitorium. 

At  the  close  of  the  story  a  series  of  short  scenes  of  county 
institutions  in  New  Jersey  is  given  with  a  title:  "In  addition  to 
its  State  Sanitorium,  New  Jersey  has  nine  counties  doing  the  same 
work."  By  changing  two  or  three  titles  and  by  replacing  the  New 
Jersey  county  institutions  by  those  of  a  given  locality,  other  states 
can  use  this  film  with  equal  effect 

Take  No  Chancel.    Distributed  by  Carlyle  Ellis.    1   reel. 


"WATER  SUPPLY  FOR  THE  COUNTRY  HOME" 

\  NEW  motion  picture  film,  promising  to  have  a  broad  field 
•^^  of  usefulness  both  in  agricultural  and  health  programs,  has 
just  been  completed  for  the  American  Red  Cross  with  the  coopera- 
tion of  the  New  York  State  College  of  Agriculture  at  Cornell  and 
the  New  York  State  Health  Department.  The  film  shows  in 
absolutely  correct  detail  the  whole  process  of  installing  a  modem 
plumbing  system  in  the  country  home,  making  it  clear  to  the 
farmer  how  he  can  do  all  the  work  himself  without  expert  assist- 
ance or  calling  in  the  highpriced  plumber,  doing  the  work  step 
by  step  as  he  can  afford  it  and  not  attempting  to  do  everything 
at  once. 

The  film  opens  with  a  view  of  the  tired  farm  wife  carrying  in 
endless  pails  of  water  from  the  pump,  discouraged  and  exhausted 
with  her  "chores."  Then  it  flashes  to  the  kitchen  of  her  dreams — 
a  modern  kitchen  with  a  sink  and  running  water.  Then  step  by 
step  the  whole  process  of  installation  is  shown,  beginning  with 
the  kitchen  sink,  the  connecting  up  of  a  supply  of  running  water, 
both  hot  and  cold,  and  after  this,  it  goes  on  to  show  the  installa- 
tion of  a  complete  bathroom  that  may  be  put  in  either  in  con- 
nection with  the  kitchen  plumbing  or  later,  as  funds  become 
available,  and  finally  the  complete  layout  is  shown. 


Particular  stress  is  laid  on  showing  every  detail,  the  cutting 
and  fitting  of  pipe,  the  cutting  of  threads,  the  use  of  various  fit 
tings,  the  action  of  check  valves,  etc.  The  sewerage  arrange 
ments  are  also  worked  out,  the  cutting  of  soil  pipe,  the  making 
up  of  joints,  the  disposal  of  sewage  and  every  detail  of  this  char 
acter  being  shown  in  detail. 

The  object  of  the  film  is  of  course  to  further  the  movemen 
for  better  rural  sanitation.  In  the  health  aspect  this  is  a  mos 
important  subject  and  it  also  has  a  most  vital  bearing  on  better 
ing  social  conditions  in  rural  communities,  in  checking  the  move 
ment  from  farm  to  city  and  in  making  farm  life  more  livabl 
and  the  lot  of  the  farmer's  wife  easier. 

The  film  is  distributed  by  the  producer,  Frederick  George,  8.' 
Maiden  Lane,  Albany,  N.  Y. 


[Mt 


"NATIONAL"  HAS  BURTON  HOLMES  AND  SWEDISH  FILM; 

DURING  the  past  month  National  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture 
Inc.,  secured  quite  a  "scoop"  over  its  rivals  in  the  non-theatrici 
motion  picture  field  by  acquiring  an  extensive  library  of  negt 
tive  of  the  earlier  Burton  Holmes  travelogs  and  a  large  film  library  c 
scenic  and  educational  films  as  well  as  comedies  produced  by  the  Swedis 
Biograph  Company.  The  two  film  libraries  together  form  a  valuabl 
collection  of  short  subjects  suitable  for  schools,  churches,  clubs,  con 
munity  centers,  and  other  non-theatrical  exhibitors.  Many  of  the! 
subjects,  when  re-edited  and  re-titled  to  correlate  with  textiwoks  an 
courses,  will  be  found  well  adapted  for  classroom  and  assembly  rooi 
use. 

Some  of  the  Burton  Holmes  travelogs  now  handled  by  "National"  an 
The  Cliff  Dwellers  of  America,  A  Day  With  the  West  Point  Cadet 
Grand  Canyon  of  Arizona,  Our  Middies  of  Annapolis,  Summer  Da\ 
Near  San  Diego,  Cal.;  Felling  Big  Trees  in  the  Oiant  Forests  of  Ca) 
fornia.  Going  Some  in  San  Francisco,  The  Fire  Fighting  Forest   Range 
of  Arizona,  Old  and  New  Manila,  Bilibid,  "Sing  Sing"  of  the  Philip 
pines;  The  Pasig  River,  The  Lowlands  of  Luzon,  The  Dog  Eaters 
Benguet,  Hiking  With  the  Igorots,  Among  the  Head  Hunters,  Cruish 
Through   the   Philippines,   The  Sunny   South    of   England,   Glasgota 
Edinboro,   In   Old   Ireland,   Southern   Italy,    The   Island   of   Capri, 
Classic  Greece,  The  Real  Streets  of  Cairo,  The  Lower  Nile,  The  Upp 
Nile,  Going  to  Halifax,  The  Land  of  Evangeline,  Quaint  Quebec,  Mon. 
real.  Old  and  New;  Colorful  Ceylon,  Faithful  Florida,  Palm  Beach  ai 
Miami,  In  the  High  Sierras,  An  Oregonian  Niagara,  To  the  Summit 
Mt.  Hood,  Wonders  of  the  Yellowstone,  In  Glacier  Park,  The  Alas. 
Cruise,  The  Klondike  Today,  Day  in  Florence. 

Of  the  Swedish  Biograph  subjects  there  are  pictures  covering  Icelar 
Greenland,  Denmark,  Finland,  Norway  and  Sweden;  bird  films  on  t 
partridge,  hawk,  stork,  falcon,  goshawk,  and  merlin,  as  well  as  pictut 
of  sea-fowls  and  snipe  and  other  bird  species  more  or  less  faniiU 
to  Americans;  an  instructive  bee  film,  a  chemistry  film  showing  crysfc 
lization  of  chemicals  and  their  action  in  solution,  and  other  educatior 
subjects. 

According  to  a  statement  from  Mrs.  Dagmar  M.  Waldner,  of  Sto< 
holm,  Sweden,  visual  education  has  made  as  great  progress  in  tt: 
country  as  in  the  United  States.  Swedish  schools  are  using  films  i 
large  numbers  and  special  programs  for  children  have  been  given  ! 
a  number  of  years  past  in  the  movie  theaters,  entire  classes  acconipi 
ied  by  their  teachers  visiting  the  theaters  and  later  being  "qui?,M 
as  to  the  knowledge  gained  from  the  pictures. 

Another  series  of  films  now  handled  for  non-theatrical  users  by  t 
company   consists   of   twelve   animated    silhouette    comedies    known 
Tony  Sarg's  Almanac.    These  ingenious  and  original  divertisements  i 
the  work  of  the  New  York  artist  whose  marionette  shows  have  beco 
famous.    The  Almanac  silhouettes  deal  with  such  subjects  as  The  Fi 
Circus,  The  First  Denist,  and  other   (s)ipposedly)    prehistoric  then 
Not  only  have  they  been  enjoyed  by  the  fun-loving  general  public  I 
they  have  excited  the  interest  of  artists  and  archaeologists.    This  Is  ( 
to  the  fact  that  Mr.  Sarg  gained  his   inspiration   for  them   from 
Javanese  shadow  manikins  in  the  National  Museum,  Washington,  D. 
a  description  of  which  appeared  In  Educatiokal  Fiut  Magazine 
June  1920. 

In  The  Park  Popular  Science  series  the  same  company  announces  ) 
new  subjects:  Time,  which  answers  such  questions  as  "What  is  a  mei 
Ian?  Why  are  .some  days  longer  tlian  others?"  and  The  Story  of 
Seasons  which  shows  the  causes  of  the  changes  in  seasons. 

Especially  welcome  to  churches  is  the  visualization  of  the  first  Chi 
mas    entitled     Holy    Night    wliich    combines    enacted     scenes    of 
visits  of  shepherds  and  Mngi  with  pictures  of  the  Nativity  by  fan 
artists.     The  titles  are  appropriate  hymns  and  Bible  quotations.    ^ 
picture  is  also  distributed  by  "National." 

Each  of  the  above  subjects  is  one  reel  in  length. 


u 


RELIGIOUS 


BILLY  SUNDAY  ON  THE  EDUCATIONAL  POWER  OF  THE  MOVIE 


T 


HE  movie  has  almost  unlimited  possibilities  for  education 
and  entertainment  and  general  good.     In  the  world  of  lit- 
erature there  are  thousands  of  good  stories  and  the  skill 
and  the  genius  of  great  directors  have  proved  that  almost 
any  story  can  be  told  on  the  screen.     Nor  need  there  be  any  les- 
sening of  the  dramatic  and  the  sensational  and  the  spectacular, 
ular. 

Because  of  the  movies  many  boys  and  girls  who  never  have  been 
a  mile  from  home  know  more  about  the  geography  of  the  country 
than  elders  did  after  spending  fortunes  in  travel.  Think  how  many 
folks  know  what  Niagara  Falls  really  looks  like  and  the  Grand 
Canon.  And  yet  this  field  has  hardly  been  touched.  I've  often 
wondered  if  Mammoth  Cave  had  been  filmed  or  a  harvest  scene 
on  a  midwest  farm  or  a  possum  hunt  in  the  southland. 

There  are  thousands  of  varieties  of  good  comedy  films.    It's  a 
fine  thing  to  make  folks  laugh  and  nothing  is  more  popular  than 
i    genuine  humor.     If  any  country  on  the  face  of  the  earth  loves 
clean  fun  it  is  ours. 

The  Movies  As  Social  Levelebs 

I  believe  the  movement  to  bring  pictures  into  the  schools  is  an 

[    admirable  one.     A  child  absorbs  information  from  the  eyes  far 

'    quicker  than  any  other  sense.     Lack  of  complete  understanding 

is  most  often  the  cause  of  strife  between  various  social  scales, 

and  the  movies,  quicker  and  better  than  any  other  agency,  can  tell 

one-half  the  world  how  the  other  half  lives.     It  can  help  us  get 

acquainted  with  our  neighbor  and  share  his  joys  and  sorrows  as 

k   he  shares  ours.    . 


I  keep  in  close  touch  with  the  progress  of  the  stage  and  screen 
and  I  realize  their  power  to  affect  the  lives  of  the  people.  I 
wonder  why  they  do  not  film  more  stories  like  Pilgrim's  Progress, 
Ben  Hur,  the  Waverly  novels,  Robinson  Crusoe,  the  Last  Days  of 
Pompeii,  The  Deserted  Village,  Poe's  stories  and  plays  like  the 
Old  Homestead,  Rip  Van  Winkle,  Virginius,  Ten  Nights  in  a 
Bar  Room  and  Charlie's  Aunt. 

The  Bible  the  World's  Greatest  Picture  Source 

I  have  never  known  a  boy  or  girl  who  did  not  enjoy  pictures. 
They  think  in  pictures  before  they  speak  in  words.  We  have  the 
best  authority  for  the  use  of  pictures.  God  spoke  through  the 
Old  Testament  by  means  of  pictures.  That  is  the  way  Christ 
taught,  because  without  a  parable  he  spake  not  to  any  man.  A 
parable  was  a  picture.  When  a  Frenchman  talks  he  gesticulates 
80  that  you  will  see  the  pictures  as  he  does  and  the  American  In- 
dian suggests  more  by  signs  than  he  does  by  words.  The  Bible  is 
the  greatest  picture  book  in  the  world.  It  is  an  inexhaustible 
supply  of  tragedy,  pathos  and  drama  and  the  time  will  come 
when  the  movies  will  present  these  stories  reverently  and  faith- 
fully and  when  that  is  done  examination  of  college  students  on 
the  English  Bible  will  not  furnish  such  a  supply  of  crass  ignor- 
ance and  poppycock  nonsense  as  it  does  today. 

The  movie  is  one  of  the  great  institutions  of  America.  It  must 
be  taken  into  account  whenever  consideration  is  given  to  the  things 
that  vitally  affect  the  well-being  of  the  nation.  My  hope  and 
prayer  is  that  its  progress  in  the  future  may  be  along  wholesome, 
clean,  helpful,  and  inspiring  lines. 


SOME  THOUGHTS  ON  CHURCH  MOVIES 

By  a  Ministeb 

CAN  motion  pictures  be  used  for  Sunday  evening  and  other 
religious  services?  There  is  an  increasing  demand  for  Bib- 
lical and  distinctly  religious  pictures.  Few  of  these  have 
been  made,  and  fewer  of  these  are  worth  showing.  Some  fail 
through  poor  acting;  some  through  poor  photography;  some  are 
made  for  the  propaganda  of  one  church  and  some  so  exaggerate 
Oriental  manners  as  to  hold  scriptural  characters  up  to  ridicule. 
To  illustrate,  when  in  one  picture  Moses  lifting  up  his  arms  on 
Sinai  reveals  the  fact  that  link  cuffs  were  worn  in  his  day  and  in 
another  a  disciple  goes  about  the  Master's  business  in  a  pair  of 
apparently  Brockton-made  shoes,  the  religious  lesson  is  not  very 
deeply  impressed. 

To  make  a  good  picture  three  things  are  needed:  money  aplenty, 
a  director  with  the  proper  technic  and  an  artistic  sense,  and  actors 
who  are  more  than  lay  figures.  For  the  religious  pictures  some- 
thing more  is  necessary  in  director  and  actors,  the  spiritual  vision 
born  of  a  living  personal  faith.  With  few  exceptions  one  or  more 
of  these  elements  has  been  lacking  in  the  making  of  the  Biblical 
and  religious  pictures.     The  exceptions  stand  out  clearly. 

If  we  cannot  get  this  type  of  pictures,  shall  we  not  use  what  is 
available,  and  show  in  sweet  and  strong  stories  of  modern  life  the 
blossoming  and  fruit  of  the  eternal  Bible  truth?     How  can  we 


show  the  fifth  commandment  most  effectively,  by  a  poor  presenta- 
tion of  Moses  bringing  it  from  the  mountain  on  the  stone  tablet, 
or  by  a  brief  and  forceful  sermon  and  then  a  great  picture  of 
filial  disobedience  and  the  abiding  mother  love  that  draws  the 
erring  son  back  as  shown  in  Mother. 

Which  will  move  the  souls  of  our  hearers  to  patriotic  self-sac- 
rifice, an  attempt  to  show  Gideon's  little  army  with  lamps  and 
pitchers,  or  the  Maid  of  Orleans,  Joan  of  Arc,  or  Betsy  Ross 
making  our  flag,  "With  its  red  for  love,  and  its  white  for  law, 
and  its  blue  for  the  hope  that  our  fathers  saw  of  a  larger  liberty?" 

How  will  you  show  the  storms  that  overwhelm  a  man's  soul 
and  the  return  of  peace  with  a  reborn  faith?  By  some  unattrac- 
tive portrayal  of  the  casting  out  of  evil  spirits  in  Palestine,  or  by 
a  strong  and  gripping  story  of  conflict  and  triumphant  faith  like 
The  Disciple.  And  how  best  to  teach  with  pictures  "Greater  love 
hath  no  man  than  this  that  a  man  lay  down  his  life  for  his 
friends?"  It  is  beyond  any  man's  ability  to  act  the  part  of  the 
crucified  Christ.  No  man  should  presimie  to  try  it,  and  no  mov- 
ing picture  to  present  it.  Tell  the  story,  preach  the  sermon,  and 
then  show  the  spirit  of  the  cross  living  today,  as  friend  gives 
himself  for  his  friend  in  The  Debt. 

These  are  only  suggestions.  The  great  principle  is  this,  that 
in  the  love  and  joy,  the  homely  virtues  and  the  courageous  striv- 
ing of  these  beautiful  stories  of  our  day,  we  should  find  the  illus- 
tration and  so  enforce  the  lesson  of  our  Bible  truths. 

U 


# 

JUVENILE 

1 

MOVIES  FOR  KIDDIES— WHAT  SHALL  WE  DO  ABOUT  IT? 

■ 

"Mothers  Have  a  Right  to  Demand  that  Every  Amusement  Center 

Which  Is  Open  to  Children  Must  Be  Clean 

and  Wholesome" 

By  Hilda  D.  Merriam* 


THE  articles  which  are  now  appearing  in  our  magazines 
concerning  the  motion-picture  situation  are  certainly  very 
interesting  to  us  women  who  worked  for  years  trying 
to  get  some  action  that  would  give  us  wholesome  pictures 
for  our  children.  Five  years  ago  we  could  not  even  get  the 
attention  of  the  producers.  Next  they  laughed  at  our  criticisms. 
Now  the  women  seem  to  have  their  undivided  attention.  It  shows 
the  power  of  organization. 

The  trouble  seems  to  be  now  that  the  producers  take  the  attitude 
that  they  are  above  our  common  laws:  Why  should  any  one  dare 
to  censor  them?  The  auto  industry  is  also  a  new,  big  industry, 
but  no  one  says  that  there  should  be  no  tra£Sc  laws.  All  of  us 
realize  the  necessity  because  we  have  daily  evidence  of  the 
maiming  and  killing  of  our  citizens.  Our  children  can  be  injured 
mentally  and  morally  by  improper  movies  just  as  much  as  they 
are  physically  by  other  means  but  because  the  effects  are  not 
visible  directly  few  pay  any  heed. 

If  these  men  could  see  the  mental  picture  on  these  little  brains 
caused  by  the  pictures  which  are  supposed  to  amuse  them;  if 
they  were  obliged  to  hold  a  frightened,  crying  child,  and  try 
to  make  him  realize  that  the  story  is  not  true — then  perhaps  they 
would  think  more  of  the  pitiful  side.  It  is  not  only  the  unclean 
pictures  to  which  we  object.  A  great  many  of  these  pass  over 
their  heads;  but  there  is  also  so  much  unnecessary  fighting  and 
killing.  The  situation  seems  to  be  the  same  as  it  was  in  drama 
some  twenty-five  years  ago.  Then  managers  thought  a  play  was 
not  worth  while  unless  there  was  a  great  deal  of  fighting  and  kill- 
ing in  it  and  we  had  such  plays  as  "Ten  Nights  in  a  Bar-room," 

Killing  the  Golden  Goose 

A  new  industry  of  this  kind  seems  to  think  that  it  must  appeal 
to  our  baser  passions  to  be  a  success.  Everybody  is  attracted 
because  of  its  newness,  and  the  managers  think  that  the  big 
crowds  are  evidence  that  the  people  want  this  sort  of  play.  Soon 
the  better  element  stays  home  in  disgust  and  only  the  small 
minority  who  wish  this  type  is  left.  The  movie  producers  ought 
to  realize  that  they  will  reach  this  position  if  they  do  not  shortly 
give  evidence  of  heeding  their  public. 

Russell  Holman,  of  the  Famous  Players-Laskey  Corp.,  in  a 
recent  issue  of  The  Woman  Citizen  says  that  there  are  pictures 
suitable  for  adults  which,  without  being  unclean,  are  unsuitable 
for  children.  We  agree  with  this,  and  we  believe  that  the  ideal  is 
movie  performances  for  children.  I  beg  to  predict,  though,  that 
there  will  be  more  adults  at  the  children's  performance  than  at 
the  adults',  because  most  adults  love  the  charming  pictures  which 
are  made  up  principally  to  amuse  children.  I  have  watched  men 
at  the  movies  and  listened  to  their  remarks  on  the  pictures.  They 
have  been  disgusted  and  bored  with  the  sex  stuff  but  laughed 
heartily  at  the  bears'  and  children's  antics  in  the  other  picture. 
Life  is  tragic  enough  without  bringing  tragedy  into  our  amuse- 
ment hours. 

At  our  Woodlawn  Theater  in  Chicago  a  children's  matinee  is 


I 


*  lo  The  Woman  Citizen. 


given  every  Saturday  morning  with  selected  pictures.  The  chil- 
dren  prefer  to  attend  this.  It  is  a  model  well  worth  following. 
In  Los  Angeles  some  movie  houses  have  established  a  children's 
playroom  where  parents  can  leave  their  children  while  they  attend! 
the  performance.     This  is  another  excellent  idea.  I 

When  the  movie  producers  try  to  blame  the  parents  for  allow- 
ing their  children  to  attend  unwholesome  pictures  they  forget  that 
every  community  licenses  its  amusement  places,  and  that  the 
parent  has  the  right  to  expect  any  licensed  amusement  house  to 
be  a  proper  place  for  children  if  children  are  permitted  there. 
Pool  rooms  are  licensed,  but  with  the  understanding  that  minors 
are  not  permitted  in  them.  Saloons  used  to  have  the  same  license 
to  operate,  but  could  be  prosecuted  if  minors  were  found  in  them. 
Therefor?  mothers  have  a  right  to  demand  that  every  amusement 
center  which  is  open  to  children  must  be  clean  and  wholesome. 

The  Old  Saloon  Argument 

The  movie  producers  are  putting  up  the  argument  used  by 
the  liquor  interests  when  we  demanded  that  public  dance-halls 
be  made  decent  places  of  amusement  for  our  young  people.  They 
said  it  was  the  parents'  fault — that  they  should  know  where  their 
children  are  and  not  permit  them  to  attend  these  places.  We  say 
that  when  the  community  licenses  the  dance-halls  as  amusement 
centers  for  our  young  people  that  should  be  a  guarantee  of 
wholesome,  clean  amusement.  The  same  must  apply  to  the 
movies.  If  we  cannot  make  our  amusement  centers  clean  for  our 
children,  why  are  we  not  justified  in  demanding  municipal  owner- 
ship of  them? 

Mr.  Holman  also  says  that  parents  should  go  around  to  all 
the  movie  houses  and  see  the  posters  in  order  to  know  what  kind 
of  pictures  will  be  given.  Can  you  imagine  mothers  trotting 
about  from  one  theater  to  another,  trying  to  get  an  idea  from 
one  poster  as  to  what  will  be  shown  in  a  two  hours'  performance? 
I  took  my  daughter  to  see  Jack  and  the  Beanstalk.  Surely  a  mother 
had  the  right  to  expect  that  would  be  all  right.  In  the  main  it 
was  a  beautiful  picture;  but  the  whole  picture  was  spoiled  be- 
cause the  giant  was  shown  dragging  his  wife  around  the  floor 
by  the  hair  and  threatening  to  kill  her  with  a  long  knife.  It  was 
so  gruesome  that  all  the  children  were  hiding  their  faces  and 
would  not  look  at  the  picture  supposedly  made  for  their  amuse- 
ment. How  could  a  mother  tell  from  the  title  or  from  the  poster 
that  her  child  should  not  see  that  picture? 

We  have  censorship  in  our  public  libraries.  They  decide  what 
we  may  read.  The  world  would  be  a  miserable  place  to  live  in 
if  every  one  was  allowed  to  go  unrestricted  through  this  life. 

I  believe  that  some  of  the  movie  producers  are  earnest  in  their 
desire  to  clean  up  the  pictures,  but  they  are  wrong  in  feeling  that 
they  are  above  our  common  laws  and  regulations.  It  is  quite 
a  step  in  advance  though,  when  they  will  admit  that  there  are 
"questionable  scenes  and  trash  exhibited." 

We  women  can  help  a  great  deal  by  applauding  in  some  public 
way  the  pictures  which  are  truly  wholesome,  but  we  must  not 
only  condemn,  but  absolutely  prohibit,  the  unwholesome. 


U 


By  Mabel  G.  Foster 


"A  MAKER  OF  MEN" 

ALWAYS  quick  with  his  fists  in  defence  of  the  under  dog, 
Bruce  Douglas,  little  son  of  a  poor  widow,  works  in  a 
mine  in  order  to  augment  his  mother's  meager  earnings. 
At  her  death  he  is  adopted  by  Mr.  Fairchild  whose  life 

lie  saved  during  a  mine  disaster. 

Given  a  tine  education,  Bruce  graduates  from  college  with  high  hon- 
ors, but  is  then  disowned  by  his  adopted  father  for  becoming  a  minister, 
a  profession  it  was  his  mother's  ambition  he  should  enter.  Parting 
sadly  from  his  beloved  adopted  sister,  Edith,  Bruce  goes  to  the  toughest 
mountain  town  he  can  learn  about,  and  prepares  to  carry  on  the  work 
from  which  many  of  his  predecessors  have  been  driven  by  the  rough 
element.  After  difficult  experiences,  Bruce  wins  his  place  in  the  com- 
munity by  disguising  himself  as  a  man  whom  Buckner,  the  leading 
tough,  is  planning  to  attack.  At  the  bridge  where  the  holdup  is  planned, 
Bruce  tights  the  tough  and  pitches  him  into  the  river.  After  this  ex- 
perience with  the  yeggman  methods  of  disguise,  surprise,  knock-down- 
and-drag-out,  Bruce's  Christian  work  goes  forward  apace  with  Buckner 
as  his  staunchest  friend. 

Some  years  of  successful  labor  follow  and  then  a  call  comes  to  a 
wider  field.  Bruce  goes  to  bring  the  peace  of  the  mountains  to  the  city 
streets.  Time  passes.  Edith,  his  sister,  has  married  unhappily  and 
her  son,  Charles,  over-indulged  by  his  grandfather,  Mr.  Fairchild,  has 
been  sentenced  to  five  years'  imprisonment  for  forgery.  Charles  es- 
capes, locates  in  the  mountain  town  where  Bruce  formerly  preachd  and 
elopes  with  and  marries  Buckner's  daughter,  Lorraine.  Buckner  appeals 
to  Bruce  who  discovers  Lorraine  and  her  babe  in  the  city  slums  just  as 
they  are  carried  into  a  house  of  ill-fame.  Through  Bruce's  instrumen- 
tality these  innocent  victims  are  finally  enstated  in  the  home  and  heart 
of  the  now  venerable  Mr.  Fairchild  who  realizes  that  mere  money-getting 
does  not  insure  peace  and  happiness.  In  Bruce  he  recognizes  a  maker 
of  men;  one  who  has  chosen  the  better  part.  Charles  is  once  more  in 
custody  but  the  happiness  of  all  is  completely  achieved  when  Bruce  suc- 
cessfully pleads  with  the  governor  for  a  pardon,  thereby  restoring  tlie 
misguided  young  man  to  his  family. 

Several  cuts  are  suggested,  including  titles:  "I  always  thought 
he  was  a  d — —  fool";  the  quotation  beginning  "If  I  were 
damned  body  and  soul,"  etc.;  "Old  Madam  will  give  us  $500  for 
her,"  and  "We'll  croak  her  brat."  A  shortening  of  the  under- 
world scenes  may  be  desired  for  certain  groups  and  for  juveniles 
the  boys'  fight  at  the  beginning  of  the  picture  might  be  omitted. 

The  picture  opens  with  the  Scripture  quotation  referring  to  the 
feet  upon  the  mountains  of  him  who  publishes  peace  but  as  the 
hero  is  of  that  type  of  fighting  parson  so  popular  on  the  screen 
just  now,  we  cannot  but  feel  that  the  quotation  is  malapropos. 
On  the  whole,  however,  the  message  of  this  picture  is  constructive, 
accenting  as  it  does  the  effect  of  the  passing  years  upon  the  lives 
and  characters  of  the  different  individuals  in  the  story  and  show- 
ing how  time  brings  in  the  inevitable  harvest  of  whatever  youth 
has  sown,  be  it  selfishness  or  the  spirit  of  Christian  service. 

A  Maker  of  Men.  Plymouth  Film  Corporation,  71  West  23rd  St.,  New  York 
aty.    5  reels. 

BEREA  COLLEGE  THREE-REELER 

ALTHOUGH  the  medium  of  the  screen  has  been  utilized  befftre  by  at 
least  one  college  in  making  itself  known  to  the  public,  the  use  of 
amateurs  as  principals  is  unusual  enough  to  attract  attention.  Berea 
College,  Berea,  Kentucky,  is  an  institution  which  has  applied  itself  to 
the  national  problem  of  educating  the  3,000,000  people  of  the  southern 
mountains  who,  since  Revolutionary  times,  have  dwelt  in  the  recesses  of 
the  hills,  aloof  from  most  features  of  modern  civilization. 

The  hero  and  heroine  of  this  film,  which  is  called  Our  Contemporary 
Ancestors,  are  students  of  the  college,  as  are  the  supporting  characters. 
Practically  all  of  the  "properties"  for  the  picture  were  found  among 
the  natural  surroundings  of  the  institution.  The  scenes,  many  of  which 
are  said  to  have  great  charm  and  picturesque  beauty,  give  a  compre- 
hensive view  of  the  ways  in  which  Berea  is  providing  education  for  the 
boys  and  girls  of  the  mountains. 

The  film  shows  conditions  in  the  mountains  as  they  have  existed  and 
as  they  exist  today.  It  takes  a  typical  illiterate  mountain  boy  and  girl 
from  a  log  cabin  in  the  hiUs  of  Kentucky  through  the  training  given  at 
Berea  College  and  shows  what  a  powerful  influence  they  are  when 
turned  back  to  the  mountains. 


THREE  NEW  SCIENCE  SUBJECTS 

OPTICAL  DEFECTS  OF  THE  EYE  combines  explanatory 
diagrams  with  scenes  showing  the  results  of  defective  sight 
and  is  a  lucid  exposition  of  especial  instructional  value  to  chil- 
dren and  young  people  for  whom  the  picture  is  primarily  made. 
How  objects  look  to  persons  having  various  kinds  of  defective 
eyesight  is  ingeniously  illustrated.  The  advantages  of  properly- 
fitted  glasses  is  convincingly  shown.  Hints  are  given  as  to  the 
correct  relative  position  of  the  reader  to  the  light,  children  tak- 
ing part  in  all  these  scenes.  The  instructive  and  genial  sub- 
titles will  win  supporters  to  the  lesson  inculcated  both  among 
children  and  adults. 

A  short  visualization  of  blood  circulation  has  been  prepared 
by  Mr.  Herm  for  school  use  under  the  title  Microscopical  Cir- 
culation of  the  Blood.  This  might  be  termed  a  brief  recapitula- 
tion of  the  longer  Herm  film  on  the  same  subject  and  is  adequate 
and  of  genuine  educational  value. 

The  Marvels  of  Crystallization  illustrates  the  progress  of  crys- 
tallization in  many  familiar  solids,  the  scenes  being  varied  by 
attractive  shots  in  natural  color  photography.  The  crystalliza- 
tions which  take  place  before  the  eyes  of  the  spectator  include 
those  of  alum,  salt,  Epsom  salts,  rock  salt,  various  bichlorides, 
iron,  citric  acid,  snow  and  chemicals  used  in  photography. 

Optical  Defectn  of  the   Eye.     1    reel. 

Microscopical  Circulation  of  the  Blood.     1  reel. 

The  Marvels  of  Cryslaliiafiori.     I   reel. 

All  distributed  by  Charles  F.  Herm,  Inc.,  220  West  Forty-second  St..  Xew  York. 

"PIED  PIPER'S  LAND" 
'T'HIS  patriotic  pageant  was  filmed  last  August  by  the  Newark, 
N.  J.,  board  of  education,  marking  the  close  of  the  summer 
schools  and  playgrounds.  One  thousand  children  participated 
in  the  pageant  and  the  setting  was  in  a  picturesque  spot  in 
Branch  Brook  Park,  in  that  city.  The  scenario  was  prepared  by 
William  J.  McKiernan,  director  of  pageants  and  dramatics  of 
the  board  of  education.  The  film  pictures  the  results  of  the 
training  involved  in  the  system  of  summer  playgrounds  as  seen 
in  the  drills  and  dances. 

As  the  story  runs — Hamlin  Town  was  greatly  afflicted  by  rats  which 
was  the  consequence  of  the  neglect  of  the  people  and  particularly  that 
of  those  who  ruled.  The  aspirations  and  hopes  of  the  human  heart 
toward  better  things  arose  in  the  form  of  Pied  Piper,  who  rid  the  town 
of  its  pestilence  and  then  by  reason  of  the  ingratitude  of  the  mayor  and 
corporation  led  the  children  of  the  town  into  a  joyous  land. 

"For  he  led  us,  he  said,  to  a  joyous  land 
Joining  the  town  and  just  at  hand. 
Where  waters  gushed  and  fruit  trees  grew 
And  flowers  put  forth  a  fairer  hue, 
And  everything  was  strange  and  new." 

So  Pied  Piper  of  the  film  may  be  said  to  represent  the  longing  of  the 
soul  to  be  rid  of  oppression  and  human  limitations  that  seem  to  stand 
in  the  way  of  a  free  and  full  development  of  the  individual  toward 
try  where  children  have  access  to  schools  and  playgrounds,  where  liberty, 
justice,  law,  and  order  obtain  and  where  the  blind  and  the  lame  are  not 
happiness.  The  joyous  land  in  the  instance  of  the  film  is  our  own  coun- 
hopelessly  left  to  themselves. 

Trials  of  a  Late  Christmas  Shopper,  a  Briggs  cartoon  trailer  which 
tells  a  story  about  a  man  who  dreams  of  neglecting  to  do  his  shopping 
until  just  before  the  holiday  and  the  disappointments  and  difficulties 
which  he  experiences  in  making  his  selections  of  gifts,  has  had  wide  dis- 
tribution. Local  retail  organizations  purchased  prints  showing  them 
at  motion  picture  theaters  as  part  of  their  publicity  campaign  to  per- 
suade the  public  to  do  their  Christmas  shopping  early. 


13 


"THE  TRAGEDY  OF  RUSSIA" 
nnHE  following  review  of  this  remarkable  photoplay  in  seven 
reels  is  taken  from  the  Film-Express,  of  Berlin,  Germany: 

The  international  film  market  will  without  doubt  be  profoundly  stirred 
by  the  film,  The  Tragedy  of  Russia.  This  sensational  film  transports 
us  to  the  near  with  an  astounding  fidelity  to  facts,  and  permits  us 
to  see  with  our  own  eyes  the  most  important  events  of  world-history. 
The  great  myriad-empire,  Russia,  has  a  nightmare.  After  the  blood- 
bath of  the  world  war  it  is  plunged  into  the  aimless,  chaotic  rule  of 
Kerensky,  and  then  cast  down  into  the  confusion  of  th?  greatest  imag- 
inable political  and  social  changes.  The  terrifying  Russian  colossus 
collapses  like  a  house  of  cards.  All  that  surrounded  him  goes  to  wreck 
and  ruin,  in  deepest  misery  and  to  the  accompaniment  of  the  shrieks 
of  the  masses.  Thirsting  for  blood,  the  mob  seizes  power  and  avenges 
itself  gruesomely  for  its  sufferings  of  centuries. 

The  film  is  constructed  on  a  strictly  historical  foundation.  The  wealth 
of  authentic  pictures  and  the  original  surroundings  in  which  the  film 
came  into  being  form  a  sufficient  guarantee  for  its  popularity.  It  is 
particularly  worthy  of  note  that,  despite  the  sharpest  objectivity,  the 
film  is  absolutely  free  of  everytrace  of  propaganda  of  any  kind.  Neither 
the  agitator  from  the  political  right  nor  the  agitator  from  the  left  can 
find  any  argument  in  this  film  to  support  his  position.  The  events  unroll 
themselves  before  the  eyes  of  the  spectators  in  the  form  of  a  drama, 
chronologically  exact  and  true. 

Those  interested  in  acquiring  the  American  rights  should  write 

or  cable  the  director    of    the    Polish-American    Film    Factory, 

^'Orient-Film,"  Rymanicz,  Warsaw,  Newo-Senatorska  8,  Poland. 


LATEST  PATHE  REVIEWS 

PATHE  REVIEW  NO.  ISO  features  "The  Running  Broad  Jump," 
demonstrated  by  international  athletes,  the  English  and  American 
styles  being  contrasted.  By  means  of  slow-motion  photography,  all 
the  minute  differences  in  style  and  form,  too  subtle  for  the  eye  to  catch, 
are  registered.  "The  City  of  Romance"  shows  historical  views  of  St. 
Augustine,  Fla-  The  Hy  Mayer  Capitol  Travelaugh,  "The  City-Bred 
Generation,"  gives  humorous  thoughts  on  the  future  of  the  coming  gen- 
erations of  children.  "The  Tale  of  a  Tire"  illustrates  the  history  of  an 
automobile  shoe  from  crude  rubber  to  finished  product.  "Springtime  in 
Northern  Africa,"  the  Pathdcolor  travel-picture,  glimpses  picturesque 
locales  and  people  seen  on  a  200-mile  burro  trip  inland  from  Tangiers. 

Path4  Review  No.  131  opens  with  "The  River  Beautiful,"  which  fol- 
lows the  Ausable  River  in  New  York  State  from  the  peaceful  valley 
where  it  is  scarcely  more  than  a  brook  to  the  region  where  it  drops 
seventy  feet  in  two  miles  and  becomes  a  turbulent  torrent.  Here  occurs 
one  of  the  scenic  wonders  of  America,  the  Ausable  Chasm,  a  gigantic 
groove  worn  by  the  river  deep  into  the  valley's  sandstone  floor.  The 
slow-motion  feature  of  this  reel,  "Basketball-Aces,"  analyses  some  of 
the  difficult  shots  in  the  game  effected  by  star  players  at  Teachers'  Col- 
lege, Columbia  University.  The  Pathecolor  feature  gives  views  of  L'Es- 
terel,  a  region  where  the  French  Alps  reach  out  to  the  west.  Entitled 
"The  Cliff  Dwellers  of  France,"  it  shows  views  of  mountain-side  villages 
some  of  which  date  back  to  the  times  of  the  Roman  invasion.  ''Jarave- 
Jarave,"  a  Mexican  dance  once  sacred  to  tiie  Tarascan  Indians,  and 
"AU-Year  Celery,"  grown  in  Florida,  complete  the  film. 

Under  the  title  "The  Feminine  Touch,"  PatM  Review  No.  132  offers 
a  demonstration  of  "good  form"  in  athletics  by  college  girls  at  Colum- 
bia University,  the  slow  motion  shots  emphasizing  a  grace  of  movement 
not  achieved  by  men.  Three  sight-seeing  trips  as  va!ried  as  the  conti- 
nents they  represent  are:  "In  the  Piazza  of  St.  Mark's,"  a  Pathecolor 
jaunt  around  Venice;  "In  the  Emperor's  Tea  Gardens,"  a  visit  to 
Kobata  Uji,  Japan,  where  tea  for  the  emperor  is  picked  and  sorted ;  and 
"Steaming  Up  Mount  Washington,"  a  climb  of  3,700  feet  by  cog-wheel 
railroad  up  the  highest  peak  of  the  White  Mountains.  "Hoo's  Hoo!" 
is  the  picture-story  of  an  owl  who  deserted  life  in  the  trees  for  the 
society  of  human  beings. 

Pathi  Review  No.  133  offers  a  slow-motion  study  of  Johnson  and 
Tilden,  the  world's  greatest  tennis  players  in  action.  This  is  followed 
by  "Hunting  Wild  Turkeys,"  a  bit  of  an  old-fashioned  sport  practised 
m  Western  Maryland.  Two  Pathecolor  studies  are  included:  "Mother 
Nature  Obliges,"  being  scenes  of  the  practical  uses  made  of  hot  bubbling 
springs  in  YeUowstone  National  Park,  and  "The  Oldest  Seaport  in 
Europe,"  Malaya,  Spain.  A  glimpse  of  the  ancient  industries  and  cus- 
toms of  Morocco  completes  the  film. 

A  highly  interesting  presentation  of  the  evolution  of  armor  from  days 
of  ancient  warfare  to  the  present  time  and  illustrated  by  treasured  relics 
at  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art,  New  York,  is  an  outstanding 
feature  of  PatM  Revietv  No.  IS4.  These  views  include  a  fine  suit  of 
armor  for  both  horse  and  man  worn  by  a  high  French  officer  of  the 
Fifteenth  Century;  steel  foot-casings,  a  helmet  long  reverenced  as  be- 
longing to  Joan  d'Arc;  the  modem  adaptation  of  armor  to  use  in  the 
Great  War;  and  a  scene  in  the  armorer's  smithy  of  the  Museum. 
"Good  Form  In  Golf,"  a  slow-motion  offering,  shows  Barnes  and  Hutchin- 
son playing  the  game;  "The  River  of  the  Gods"  is  the  Tomoko  in  the 
Everglades,  Florida,  held  sacred  by  the  Seminole  Indians;  "The  Lakes 
of  Lomliardy,"  a  study  of  northern  Italian  lakes;  and  "The  Capital  of 
the  Sahara,"  glimpses  of  life  in  Laghouat,  Algeria,  aretboth  Pathecolor 
offerings  of  much  beauty. 


I 

6 
6 
5 

5 


(Universal).. 


INDIANA  INDORSERS'  APPROVED  LISTS 

MRS.  CHARLES  L.  DAVIDSON, 
Chairman  Picture  Committee,  417  E.  17th  St.,  Indianapolis  Ind. 

Viewing  of  these  pictures  before  booking  is  advisable  in  mo^ 
instances,  especially  where  they  are  to  be  shown  before  group 
of  children  and  young  people. — Editor. 

"Indicates  an  especially  good  picture. 

ADULT 

Wedding  Bells — Constance  Talmadge   (First  National). 

(Problems  of  life) 
What   Every   Woman    Knows — Lois   Wilson    (Lasky)... 

(Teaches  highest  sense  of  love  and  marriage) 
*The  Road  to  London— Bryant  Washburn   (Pathi) 

(Romance  in  London) 
Once  to  Every  Woman — Dorothy  Phillips   (Universal)... 

(Drama  dealing  with   worldly  ambitions) 
Kazan — Jane  Novak,  James   Curwood 

(Far  North  Story) 
Twin   Husbands— Dolly  Walbert    (Universal) , 

(A  farce  with  dramatic  situations) 
The  Call  of  Youth   (Lasky). ^ 

(English  Romance) 
Guile  of  Woman— Will  Rogers  (Ooldwyn) 

(Love  affairs  of  a  Swede  Sailor) 
The  Last  Door— Eugene  O'Brien  (Selznick) 

(Crook  story  of  mystery  and  intrigue) 
The  Miracle  of  Manhattan  (Selznick)., 

(Social   drama) 
The  Man  of  the  Forest   (First  National) 

(Western  drama) 
Wolves    of    the    North— Eva    Novak 

(Alaskan  melodrama) 
Blind   Wives    (Fox)    . 

(Domestic  drama— recommend  shortening  of  love  scene  between 

Russian  wife  and  lover) 
*The  Sky  Pilot— John  Bowers   (First  National) 

(Good  Western  drama) 
Proxies     (Vitagraph)     _ _ 

(Crook  picture  with  good  moral)  

The  Scarab  Ring— Alice  Joyce   (Vitagraph).... 

(Mystery  story  of  lost  ring) 
The  Golden  Snare  (First  National) 

(Story  of  the  Northwest)  

Stranger  Than  Fiction— Katherine  MacDonald   (First  National) 

(Underworld  melodrama) 
*The  Great  Adventure — Lionel  Barrymore  (First  National) _...    .  f 

(Adult  comedy,  scene  laid  in  London)  ~  'C 

The  Mistress  of  Slienston«^-Pauline  Frederick   (Robertson-Cole)         %  i 

(English   romance)                                                                                  ~'   *i  \ 
The  Land  of  Hope — Alice  Brady  (Realart) _ | 

(Romance  of  immigrant  girl)  f 

Playthings  of  Destiny— Anita  Stewart   (First  National) |  \ 

(Drama  and  romance) 

XT  ,    ,  ,  FAMILY 

Nobody's  Kid— Mae  Marsh   (Famous) 

(Orphan  asylum  romance) 
'Sentimental   Tommy    (Famous   Players) 

(Scotch  romance) 
*That   Something— Margaret   Wilson    (Herrman    Film.    Company)  ... 

(Rotarian  picture) 
Two  Weeks  With  Pay— Bebe  Daniels  (Realart) 

(Comedy  romance) 
The  Whistle— William  Hart   (Paramount) 

(Factory  drama)  ~ 

•The  Midnight  Bell— Charles  Ray  (First  National) _ 

(Rural  romance) 
*Courtship    of    Miles    Standish _ 6 

(I*uritan  romance) 
After  Your  Own  Heart — Tom  Mix  (Fox) „ S 

(Comedy  romance) 
*The  Highest  Law   (Select) _ _ _ 5 

(Good  patriotic  picture) 
Message  from  Mars— Bert  Lytell  (Metro) _ _    *j 

(English  romance — Scene  laid  Christmas  eve) 
'Conquest  of  Canaan — Thomas  Meighan    (Famous  Players). „ 

(Booth  Tarkington   romance) 
*Such  a  Little  Queen — Constance  Binney   (Realart) 

(Romance) 
•Lavendar  and  Old  Lace — Margaret  Snow  (PatM) 

(Romance) 
Keeping  Up  With  Lizzie — Enid  Bennett   (Roekett  Film  Company)      _ 
A  Ix)st  Romance — Conrad  Nagle  (Paramount) t 

(Comedy  drama) 
•Too  Much  Speed — Wallace  R.eld  (Paramount) _ 5 

(Racing  picture) 
•Double  Speed — Wallace  Reid  (Paramount). 8 

(Comedy  romance) 


u 


JLessons  in  Love — Constance  Talmadge  {First  National) 5 

I        (Comedy  romance) 

f*Black  Beauty  ( Vitagraph) 6 

(Romantic  comedy  drama) 
•Peck's  Bad  Boy — Jackie  Coogan   (First  National) 5 

(Boy  comedy) 
•One  a  Minute— Douglas  MacLean  (Paramount) 6 

(Patent  medicine  comedy  drama) 
Moonlight  and  Honeysuckle — ^Mary  Miles  Minter   (Realart) _...    5 

(Comedy    romance) 

iThe  Man  Without  a  Country  (Loyal  Legion)  6 

I         (Good  Americanization  picture,  teaching  loyalty  to  a  country) 

jHeadin'  Home— Babe  Ruth  _ _ 5 

1         (Baseball  story) 

lOne  Man  in  a  Million — George  Beban  (Robertson-Cole). 5 

I         (Romantic  drama  of  a  kindly  Italian) 

The  Frontier  of  the   Stars — Thomas   Meighan    (Famous   Players).... 

(New  York  tenement  romance) 
(The    Road    Demon— Tom    Mix    (Fox) „ 6 

(Cowboy  and  automobile  melodrama) 
Scrap  Iron — Charles  Ray  (First  National) 5 

(Boxing  drama) 

Keeping  Up  With  Lizzie— Enid  Bennet   (W.   VV.  Hodkinson) 6 

i         (Simple  life  romance) 

'The  Mask  (Export  and  Import)  _ _ g 

(Society  melodrama) 
Up    the    Road    With    Sally— Constance    Talmadge    (Select) 

(Comedy  romance) 

ADULT 

JDon't  CaU  Me  Little  Girl— Mary  Miles  Minter   (Realart) 5 

!         (Comedy  romance) 

lit  Can  Be  Done— Earl  Williams  (  Vitagraph). _ , _.     g 

!         (Good   drama) 

tNobody-^ewel  Carmen   (First  National) _ _ 5 

i         (Society  drama) 

Two  Wise  Wives — Lois  Weber  (Paramount) _ g 

(Comedy  drama) 
The    Kentuckians — Monte    Blue    (Paramount) _..  5 

(Kentucky  feud  story) 
What's  a  Wife  Worth?   (Robertson-Cole) 5 

(Drama) 
Blind    Love    (Nathan   Hirsh)    5 

(Entertaining  drama) 
Black    Roses— Sessue    Hayakawa    (Robertson-Cole) 5 

(Japanese  melodrama) 
•His  Great  Sacrifice— William  Farnum  (Fox  Film  Co.) 6 

(Convict  story) 
Hunger  of  the   Blood — Franklyn   Farnum   (Canyon  Pictures  Corp)     6 

(Western  romance) 
North  Wind's  Malice  (Curwood  Picture  Corporation)  ..._. _.    5 

(Alaskan  romance) 

The  City  of  Silent  Men— Thomas  Meighan  (Paramount) S 

'         (Sing  Sing  prison  drama) 
The  Girl  From  Nowhere — P^laine  Hammerstein  (Selznick)  6 

(Drama) 
The  Bronze  Bell — Lewis  Vance  (Paramount)   5 

(Hindoo  legend  story) 
'  Is  Life  Worth  Living? — ^Eugene  O'Brien  (Selznick)  5 

(Comedy  romance) 
;  Officer  6(i6 — Tom  Moore  (Ooldwyn)  „ 5 

(Comedy  romance) 
[March   Hare — Bebe   Daniels    (Realart) 5 

(Comedy  drama) 
A  Kiss  in  Time — Wanda  Hawley  (Realart) 5 

(Comedy  romance) 
Carnival    (British  made  film)    8 

(Drama — Make  cut  where  husband  pulls  off  coat) 
:  •The  Fighter — Conway  Tearle  (Selznick)  6 

(Good  moral  drama) 
A  Heart  to  Let — Justine  Johnson   (ReaXart)- 

(Romance) 
Moral    Fiber    (Vitagraph)    _. 

(Good .  moral  drama) 
Midchannel — Clara   Kimball  Young    (Equity  Pictures  Corporation)     S 

(Society  drama) 
Black  Sheep  (Pinnacle  Product)  S 

(Western  drama) 
Honeymoon  Ranch   (Burt  Lubin)   5 

(Western   drama) 
Reputation — Priscilla  Dean    (Universal)   6 

(Drama  depicting  mother  love) 
The  Northern  Trail  (Curwood  Product) 2 

(Story  of  the  North) 
Barbarian    (Pioneer  Film   Company) 6 

(Romance  of  Canadian  Rockies) 
LHUe  Italy— Alice   Brady   (Realart)   _. :...     5 

(Italian  feud  story) 
•A  Mother's  Heart— Shirley  Mason   (Fox)  5 

(Drama  depicting  mother  love) 
The  'Fraid  Lady — Mae  Marsh    (Famous)    5 

(Romance) 

Tell  the  advertiser  you  read  his  ad  in  Eoucatiomal 

16 


5 


EDUCATIONAL 

Jerusalem   (Kinelo  Review) - —    ^ 

(Fine  for  churches) 
The  Adventures  of  Bob  and  Bill  (H.  Lieber  Company)  2 

(Boys  trapping  raccoon) 
Something  To  Think  About   (Chester  Outing)   - 2 

(Wonderful  scenery) 
Come  Watcli  With  Me  the  Passing  Night  (Paramount)  _ 2 

(Wonderful  scenery) 
Crowning   King  Blizzard    (Educational)    1 

•(Ueautiful  scenery) 
The  Venice  of  the  Orient  (Qoldwyn)   2 

(Splendid    pictures    of    Manila    Bay    and    Philippine    Islands) 

The  Rug  Maker   (Prizma)   _ _ 2 

Niagara's  Mighty  Thunder   (Prizma)   _ 2 

(Splendid  pictures  of  falls  and  rapids) 
Ride  on  the  R\maway  Train   (First  Natioiuil)   2 

(Wonderful  scenery) 
Dawning    (Prizrtvx)    I 

(Sunrise  in  different  parts  of  the  world) 
The  Story  of  the  Jaguar  . .-. _ 1 

(Trapping  of  the  tiger) 

The  Worst  was  True  (Chester  Outinng) _ 1 

Testing  the  Human  Heart  (Bray  Cartoon)  2 

(Good  for  medical  purposes) 
Coasting    Down    the   Snow-Capped    Mountains    (Bray   Cartoon) 2 

(Fine  picture) 

Juggernauts  of  the  Jungles  (Educational  Corporation)  2 

Holy  City  (Kineto  Review)  _ _ 1 

(Excellent  picture) 

COMEDIES 
Seven  Years'  Bad  Luck  (Robertson-Cole)  _ _ 6 

(Farce  comedy) 
Edgar's   Feast   Day    (Ooldwyn) _ _ - 2 

(Boy  comedy  drama) 
Get   Rich   Quick    (Ooldwyn)    : _ — 2 

(A    Booth  Tarkington  comedy) 
Money  Talks    (Qayety   Comedy)    _ 2 

(Clean  farce) 
Convict   13    (Fox)    _ _.. _ -...    2 

(Very  good) 
Duck   Inn _ 2 

(Animals,  ducks  and  dog  in  comedy) 
Made   in    the    Kitchen    _ _ 2 

(Fine   comedy) 
Snooky's  Blue  Monday   (Educational)   2 

(Chimpanzee  comedy) 

Bicycle  Bug  (Snub  Pollard)   _ _ 2 

The  Guide    (Fox) _ „ _ 2 

(Very  good  comedy) 
Now  or  Never — Harold   Lloyd   (Pathi)    „„ 1 

(Good  picture  for  familv  or  children) 
I   Do— Harold   Lloyd    (PatM)    _ & 

(Very  good  comedy) 
Among  Those  Present — Harold  Lloyd  (PatM)  _ _    5 

(A  real  laugh  in  this  comedy) 
Smiling  All   the  Way    (David  Butler)    :„ _ 5 

(Light,  clean  and  wholesome) 


HAVE  YOU  A  FILM  LIBRARY? 

You  can  have  immediate  shipment  on  hundreds  of  single  reel  subjects. 

A    splendid    motion    picture    film    library    for    you    at    minimum    cost. 
History  Science  Agriculture 

Geography  Industrials  Scenics 

Perfect  condition  guaranteed.    115.00  per  subject. 
Write   for  catalogue   and   fuU   particulars 

FITZPATRICK  &  McELROY 
202  So.  State  St.  Chicago,  lUinois. 


NEGATIVE  FOR  SALE 

Ten  thousand  feet  of  negative  and  one  print  of  each. 
Subjects:  Manners  and  Customs,  industries,  amuse- 
ments, architecture,  animals,  and  travel  scenes  of 
various  coimtries  of  the  world.  This  series  has 
never  been  exhibited.  Excellent  photography  and 
interesting  subjects. 

AUSTIN  FILM  LIBRARY,  Inc. 

Austin,  Texas 


Film  Maoazxnb — it  means  better  service  lor  yau 


MuimtMiiti  ti  ttiittd  Kintt  1 1 1 


INDUSTRIAL 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEONA  BLOCK 

A  MOVIE  TRIP  THROUGH  FILMLAND" 

By  Dolph  Eastman 

THIS  remarkable  industrial  picture  in  two  reels! 
was  made  for  the  Eastman  Kodak  Company  by 
Bosworth,  DeFrenes  &  Felton,  of  Wilkesbarre, 
Pa.  It  is  remarkable  for  three  reasons : 
For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  motion  pic- 
ture industry  the  public  is  permitted  to  step  behind 
the  scenes  at  Kodak  Park  and  see  how  negative  and 
positive  film  is  made  (or,  at  least,  as  much  of  the 
process  as  the  company  deems  it  wise  to  disclose) ; 
secondly,  the  subject  may  be  used,  in  part,  before 
chemistry  classes  and  as  a  demonstration,  for  in- 
stance, of  the  adaptability  of  cotton  cellulose  and 
of  the  corrosive  power  of  nitric  acid  on  silver; 
thirdly,  the  picture  shows  to  what  heights  of  effec- 
tiveness the  industrial  film  producer  has  attained, 
for  some  of  the  interior  "shots,"  especially  in  the 
dark  rooms,  are  exceptional.  The  camera  work  does 
full  justice  to  the  celebrated  trade  name  which  the 
dictionaries  have  honored  by  including  it  under  the 
letter  K. 

The  picture  opens  with  a  characteristic  cartoon 
by  Felton,  in  which  a  gesticulating  Chinaman  is  en- 
deavoring to  make  a  speech  in  his  native  dialect  to 
representatives  of  other  nations  who  cannot  under- 
stand a  word  he  says.  The  Chinaman  drops  into 
his  seat  disgusted.     Then  a  lively  gentleman  steps 

and  converting  it  into  cellulose  to  form  the  transparent  base  of  the 
film.  The  manufacture  of  the  liquid  substance  known  as  "dope" 
is  suggested  rather  than  illustrated.  The  machine  used  for  ap- 
plying the  emulsion  to  the  cellulose  base  is  seen.  Here  the  film 
appears  as  a  large  transparent  sheet  of     [Continued  on  page  19] 


forward  and  announces  that  he  will  talk  to  them  in  motion  pic- 
tures, thus  neatly  leading  up  to  the  title  of  the  film.  It  is  one  of 
the  brightest  bits  of  animated  drawing  Felton  has  done. 

What  follows  is  a  hurried  but  fascinating  Movie  Trip  Through 
filmland.     The  raw  cotton  is  shown,  then  the  process  of  cleaning 


Scenes  at  Kodak  Park  During  the  Process  of  Manutacturinc  Raw  Film 

16 


THREE  NEW  MINES  BUREAU  SUBJECTS 
I 

TWO  new  motion  picture  films  have  recently  been  produced 
under  the  direction  of  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Mines, 
in  cooperation   with   industrial    organizations,   and   are 
,  ready  for  distribution  for  educational  purposes  in  con- 

i  nection  with  the  mineral  industry. 

The  Story  of  Heavy  Excavating  Machinery,  produced  in  co- 
operation with  the  Bucyrus  Company,  depicts  in  a  vivid  way  the 
many  types  of  steam,  gasoline,  and  electric  shovels  and  other 
heavy  excavating  apparatus  that  are  used  in  mining  operations. 
This  picture  shows  scenes  in  the  iron  mines  of  northern  Michigan 
and  the  quarries  of  New  England,  and  illustrates  coal  stripping 
operations  in  Ohio,  and  also  drag-line  and  tower  work  in  the  con- 
servation work  along  the  Mississippi  river. 

The  second  film,  Mexico  and  Its  Oil,  produced  in  cooperation 
with  the  Sinclair  Consolidated  Oil  Corporation,  carries  the 
audience  from  Tampico,  Mexico,  to  the  great  oil  fields  of  that 
country.  While  illustrating  the  technical  operations  of  petroleum 
production,  the  film  gives  interesting  insights  into  the  domestic 
life  of  the  Mexican  people  and  affords  many  picturesque  scenic 
views  of  that  country.  The  film  shows  clearly  the  sequence  of 
operations  in  the  actual  drilling  and  bringing  in  of  an  oil  well. 
The  United  States  Bureau  of  Mines  has  another  picture  owned 
by  the  Sinclair  Company,  for  which  they  have  obtained  wide 
distribution.  The  film  shows  the  importance  of  the  oil  industry 
and  the  story  of  its  magic  development  in  four  reels  ■  entitled 
The  Story  of  Petroleum. 

The  opening  scenes  show  the  geological  survey,  and  when  the  location 
}{  the  well  has  been  decided  upon,  a.  derrick  is  built,  the  drilling  equip- 
uent  is  put  in  place,  this  is  called  by  the  workmen  "rigging  up."  The 
drilling  metliod  shown  in  the  picture  is  known  as  the  rotary,  the  bit 
being  lowered  in  the  well  bores  through  the  various  strata  or  layers  of 
earth's  crust,  water  reducing  the  residue  into  liquid  form  and  forcing 
it  out  of  the  well.  After  the  oil  sands  have  been  reached,  the  well  is 
'shot"  unless  it  "comes  in"  as  a  large  flowing  well.  The  quantity  of 
Jitro-gjfcerine  used  in  shooting  a  well  varies.  The  well  "shot"  in  the  film 
required  ten  shells,  each  holding  twenty  quarts  of  nitro-glycerine.  When 
tlie  well  starts  to  flow,  the  oil  is  carried  through  pipes  to  temporary 
ield  storage  tanks.  There  are  few  geysers,  contrary  to  general  belief, 
jnd  the  oil  is  generally  pumped  to  the  surface.  In  1919  there  were 
225,000  producing  oil  wells  in  the  United  States. 

The  discovery  of  new  oil  fields  makes  rapid  pipe  laying  a  necessity, 
is  temporary  field  tanks  will  not  long  serve  to  save  the  oil  in  a  pro- 
iflc  producing  field.  When  it  is  necessary  to  clean  the  pipe-line,  a 
ievice  called  the  "Go  Devil"  is  placed  in  the  line.  The  "Go  Devil"  which 
s  forced  through  the  pipes  by  the  oil  scrapes  them  clean  and  pushes  the 
•efuse  ahead  of  it,  travels  from  one  pumping  station  to  another.  It  is 
ocated  in  its  course  by  a  workman  who  by  listening  at  the  pipe  is  en- 
ibled  to  find  the  location  of  the  "Go  Devil"  as  it  buzzes  and  whirls  in  its 
•nsh  through  the  pipe-lines.  On  the  most  modern  pipe  line  systems 
he  pumps  are  run  by  internal  combustion  engines.  The  pumping  station 
n  the  picture  is  the  center  of  a  system  2,800  miles  in  extent. 


COMMERCIAL  TE.4CHEBS  AND  8CPEKINTENDENTS 

Should  aee  to  it  that  The  Walhamore  Couiplete  B«8ineii8  .Service  is 
received  regularly  for  teacher  and  class  use.  It  covers  RusinesB  Ad- 
mlniatration,  AcrountinK.  AdvertiHinK,  MerchandUinK,  Salexnianshlp 
and  Federal  Taxation  thoroughly  and  continuously.  New  Bulletin 
every  five  days— 72  Bulletins  per  year— loose-leaf  form  with  handsome 
teather  Binder.  Annual  Subscription  $15  00.  Six  different  sampit 
Bulletins   prepaid   for  25c.  to   Introduce.     Particulars   Free. 

THE  W.4LHAMORE  CO.,  619C.  Lafayette  BIdg:.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


SALESMEN  AND  REPRESENTATIVES 

WANTED 

In  all  large  cities  and  counties  in  America.  Ezclnsive  territory 
granted.  Easy  to  earn  $3,00(1  to  $fi,0flO  on  commission  basis,  Intro- 
docing  The  Walhamore  Complete  and  Speeial  Lines  of  Bnsiness 
Service.  Nationally  advertised.  Leads  furnished.  Sub-agents  may 
be  appointed.  Real  opportunity  for  men  and  women  of  ability,  per- 
sonality and  appearance.  Write  at  once  while  territory  may  be  chosen. 
State  age,  qualifications,  etc. 

THE    WALHAMOBE    CO.,   Sales   Dept.,   Lafayette   Bide,   Phila.,   Pa. 


"FROM    COCOON    TO    MILADY'S    DRESS" 

-TlROM  COCOON  TO  MILADY'S  DRESS  is  a  two  reel  picture 
X  which  shows  the  manufacturing  process  of  silks  and  velvet* 
and  their  adaptability  in  designitig  the  fashionable  costumes  of 
today.  The  film  contains  many  fashion  drawings  by  Hy  Mayer 
of  beautiful  women  who  fade  into  living  models  displaying  the 
wonderful    art   of  the  costume   designer. 

The  source  of  supply  of  the  silk  industry  is  shown  in  close-ups 
of  silk  worms  in  Japan  and  the  process  of  spinning  and  treating 
the  raw  silk  so  that  it  will  be  the  high  grade  required  for  the 
American  market.  When  the  shipment  of  raw  silk  arrives  at  the 
looms  it  is  soaked  in  water  and  dried  by  centrifugal  machines.  It 
is  then  ready  for  the  intricate  process  of  throwing,  winding,  reel- 
ing, which  is  depicted  in  the  film.  It  is  then  ready  for  the  looRis 
and  the  picture  shows  the  manufacture  of  many  materials  in- 
cluding plush  and  velvet.  Block  printing,  roller  printing,  and 
embossing  on  plush  and  tapestry  are  particularly  interesting,  as 
the  camera  has  given  close-ups  of  the  methods  used  to  produce 
these  results. 

The  picture  was  made  by  William  Ganz  and  Hy  Mayer  for 
Sidney  Blumenthal  &  Company,  New  York,  who  control  the 
Shelton  Looms,  one  of  the  largest  plush  and  velvet  manufacturing 
plants  in  the  country. 


NEW    BUSINESS 
PUBLICATIONS 


25c 


Just  off  the  press.  Published  to  sell  at  25e  each,  or  $1.50.  Cover  Busi- 
ness Administration.  Advertisinii:.  AcconntinB,  Parcel  Post  Mer- 
chandising. Selling  and  Federal  Taxation.  Education  In  themselves. 
Valuable,  instructive,  helpful.  All  prepaid,  to  introduce  our  Business 
Service  and  Courses,  for  only  2oc.    Your  opportunity. 

WALHAMORE  COMPANY,  Lafayette  Building,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


SIMPLEX  TITLE  SHOP 

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TeU  the  advertittr  you  rtad  hU  ad  Ut  EooUTUiui.  Vbji  Htattmm — tt  wucm*  better  tervice  for  you 

» 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


THE  extension  division  of  Indiana 
University  has  In  circulation 
among  scliools  and  civic  organ  iza-  - 
tions  of  the  state  about  140  miles  of 
feature  and  educational  films.  Among 
them  are  such  literary  classics  as  "The 
Vicar  of  Wakefield."  "King  Lear," 
"Silas  Mamer,"  "The  Mill  on  the 
Floss,"  and  "A  Hoosier  Romance." 

The  school  board  of  East  Liver- 
pool, Ohio,  has  purchased  a  large  mo- 
tion picture  projector  for  the  showing 
of  films  in  the  local  high  school. 

*  * 

"Some  Wild  Oats,"  the  venereal  dis- 
ease fihn,  endorsed  by  the  local  board 
of  health,  was  recently  screened  at 
the  theater  of  a  western  city.  The 
mayor  and  the  city  physician  praised 
the  picture. 

*  * 

Members  of  the  Detroit  Engineering 
Society  met  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  audi- 
torium to  view  films  and  colored  slides 
showing  the  construction  of  the  60,- 
000  horse-power  hydro-electric  power 
plant  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  mountains 
of  California. 

*  * 

"The  Priceless  Gift  of  Health"  and 
"Care  of  the  Teeth"  were  exhibited  at 
the  Hamilton  School,  Newark,  N.  J.,  re- 
cently in  connection  with  health  propa- 
ganda work  in  the  local  schools.  On 
Health  Day  in  January  there  will  be 
films  supplemented  by  health  talks  by 
teachers  and  nurses. 

*  * 

Prizma  color  pictures  have  appar- 
ently caught  on  in  England,  among 
the  popular  subjects  being  "If," 
"Where  Poppies  Bloom,"  "Royal  Fam- 
ily of  Swaziland,"  "Rheiras,"  and 
Madge  Evans  in  "The  Little  Match 
Girl."  Jury's  Imperial  Pictures,  Ltd., 
are  the  British  distributors. 

*  * 

Recently  produced  films  of  an  educa- 
tional character  are  "Makers  of  Men," 
by  Rev.  J.  K.  Shields,  author  of  "The 
Stream  of  Life;"  "Peter  Points  the 
Way,"  produced  for  the  Industrial  De- 
partment of  the  International  Commit- 
tee Y.  M.  C.  A.;  "Citizens  in  the  Mak- 
ing," made  by  the  F.  S.  Wythe  Pic- 
tures Corporation  in  California;  "The 
Lost  Colony,"  a  historical  picture  taken 
under  the  auspices  of  the  North  Caro- 
lina Department  of  Education  and  the 
Historical  Commission;  "Rebuilding 
Broken  Homes,"  showing  the  social 
Work  of  the  Brooklyn  Bureau  of  Chari- 
ties; and  films  based  on  Old  Testament 
narratives,  "Creation,"  "Cain  and 
Abel,"  "Noah's  Ark  "  and*  "The  Del- 
uge," produced  by  Sacred  Films,  Inc., 
in  California. 

*  * 

The  plans  and  details  of  operation 
of  the  Chazy  Country  School,  in 
northern  New  York  state,  have  been 
filmed  in  five  reels  which  are  said  to 
be  a  revelation  in  teaching  methods. 

*  * 

The  Home  and  School  League  of  Salt 
Lake  City  recently  exhibited  the  follow- 
ing features,  together  with  comedies 
and  news  weeklies:  "Chickens,"  "The 
Village  Sleuth,"  "The  Fairy  and  the 
Waif,"  "The  Sawdust  Doll."  "The 
Little  Chevalier,"  "Fan  Fan,"  and 
Harold    Lloyd    In   "Get   Out    and   Get 

Under." 

*  * 

The  Americanization  department  of 
the  Chicago  Y.  M.  C.  A.  arranged  a 
series  of  meetings  in  eight  lecture  cen- 
ters in  that  city.  The  programs  in- 
cluded indastrial,  health,  civics,  his- 
tory, patriotic  and  recreational  films 
an  well  as  community  songs  and  lec- 
ture*. 

*  * 

The  National  Film  A.  G.,  of  Berlin, 
recently  exhibited  films  dealing  with 
the  anophele  of  malaria,  the  worm  of 
miners'  disease,  and  the  bacteria  of 
yellow  fever. 


Fox  is  not  tlie  only  producer  who 
has  seized  upon  the  times  of  the  Em- 
peror Nero  to  make  a  big  dramatic 
spectacle  in  film.  The  Triumphalis 
Company,  Italian  producers,  worked 
on  the  same  subject  in  Rome  at  the 
same  time. 

*  * 

The  daily  routine  and  military 
training  of  the  cadets  of  the  Royal 
Military  Academy  in  Rome,  including 
the  Italian  Crown  Prince,  were  filmed 
in  the  presence  of  the  king  and  queen 
of  Italy  and  their  retinue. 

*  * 

"From  Sweet  Voluptuousness  to 
Death"  is  the  startling  title  of  a  film 
produced  by  the  Italian  Cinematograph 
Industry  Company  to  show  the  terriljle 
efl'ects  of  cocaine  on  its  vicitims. 

*  * 

"From  War  to  Peace — Sufflcit  Ani- 
mus" was  recently  exhibited  in  Rome. 
It  is  dedicated  to  Italians  residing 
abroad  and  demonstrates  the  virtues  of 
the  Italian  people  both  in  war  and 
peace  times.  The  king  and  crown 
prince  and  General  Diaz  collaborated 
in  its  making. 

Marshal  Foch,  before  departing  from 
New  York,  received  from  Paul  Brunet, 
president  of  Pathfe  Exchange,  Inc.,  a 
two-reeler  showing  the  great  soldier's 
activities  during  his  sojourn  in  the 
United  States. 

*  * 

Hepworth's  film  version  of  Charles 
Dickens'  "Old  Curiosity  Sliop"  was  re- 
cently shown  at  Town  Hall,  New  York 
City.  "Our  Mutual  Friend"  was  later 
exhibited  at  a  theater  in  the  metropo- 
lis.    It  is  distributed  by  Wid  Gunning, 

Inc. 

*  * 

Eight  one  reel  animated  comedy  car- 
toons known  as  "Captain  Jinks's  Ad- 
ventures" are  being  handled  by  Na- 
tional  Non-Theatrical  Motion  Pictures, 

York  City. 

*  * 

The  United  States  War  Department's 
oflicial  films  of  the  bombing  of  former 
German  warships  by  airplanes  were  re- 
cently screend  at  Cooper  Union,   New 

York  City. 

*  * 

The  high  school  of  Holley,  N.  Y., 
F.  W.  VanZile,  principal,  is  giving 
movie  shows  weekly  in  the  auditorium 
and  large  crowds  are  the  rule. 

*  * 

"The  Living  World,"  the  latest 
George  E.  Stone  production,  was  shown 
at  the  meeting  of  the  New  York 
Association  of  Biology  Teachers. 

*  * 

Dr.  George  S.  Wood,  of  the  biology 
department  of  the  Commercial  High 
School,  New  York,  supervised  the  mak- 
ing of  "The  Life  History  of  the 
Amoeba,"  which  is  to  be  used  in  con- 
nection with  the  biology  course  in  the 
New  York  City  schools. 

*  * 

A  three-reeler  covering  the  work  of- 
a  forger  was  shown  recently  by  Cap- 
tain Robert  L.  Dunning  at  St.  William's 
Qiurch,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  conjection 
with  his  lecture  on  crime  and  crimin- 
als. 

*  * 

The  pupils  of  Oiddings  School,  Qeve- 
land,  Ohio,  recently  saw  two  films  on 
community  work,  in  the  interest  of  the 
community  fund  campaign,  at  the 
Cedar  Theater  in  that  city. 


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"The  Blasphemer"  is  the  latest  film 
production  of  the  Catholic  Art  Associa- 
tion. It  was  shown  on  a  recent  Mon- 
day and  Tuesday  evening  at  Gesu  Au- 
ditorium, Milwaukee,  Wis. 

*  • 

Recent  programs  in  the  schools  of 
Rockford.  111.,  embraced  "Knights  of 
the  Square  Table,"  "The  Crisis,"  a 
Mutt  and  Jeff"  comedy,  and  a  scenic  on 
American   and  Alpine  glaciers. 

*  * 

Motion  pictures  will  have  a  promi- 
nent part  in  the  work  of  the  new  $100,- 
000  church  building  of  the  Wilkens 
Avenue  Southern  Methodist  Episcopal 
congregation,  of  Baltimore.  The  pastor 
is  Rev.  H.  P.  Baker.  Films  relating 
to  Biblical  subjects  and  pictures  of  an 
instructional  nature  will  be  used. 

*  * 

The  teachers  and  pupils  of  Elizabeth, 
N.  J.,  have  raised  about  $5,000  to  pro- 
vide motion  picture  projectors  and  films 
for  educational  and  entertainment 
uses  in  the  local  schools.  The  board  of 
education  promises  later  to  include  ap- 
propriations for  visual  education  in 
the  ofBcial  budget. 

*  * 

The  Mississippi  state  board  of  health 
has  been  showing  motion  pictures  in 
Lauderdale  and  other  counties  in  the 
interest  of  better  health,  better  schools, 
and  better  citizenship.  The  projection 
outfit  is  mounted  on  an  auto  truck  and 
the  films  are  shown  both  outdoors  and 

indoors. 

*  * 

At  the  recent  annual  meeting  of  the 
Baptists  of  Michigan,  at  Pontiac,  mo- 
tion pictures  visualized  for  the  dele- 
gates   the    progress    of    Baptist    work 

throughout  the  world. 

*  * 

In  Randolph,  Vt..  a  town  of  3,500 
people.  Rev.  Eraser  Metzger,  pastor  of 
the  Congregational  Church,  recently 
counted  000  persons  seated  and  100 
standing.  How  does  he  do  it?  Very 
simple.  Movies!  "The  Life  of  Christ" 
and  "The  Servant  in  the  House"  were 
two  of  his  recent  feature  films. 

*  * 

E.  C.  Jones,  principal  of  the  night 
school  at  Polytechnic  High,  Long 
Beach,  Cal.,  has  regular  movie  pro- 
grams every  Friday  evening.  Latest 
features  and  short  subjects  are  used. 
"In  the  Blue  Moon,"  "Bobby  Bumps  at 
the  Dentist,"  and  an  animal  reel  made 
up  a  recent  program. 

The  Rialto  Theater.  Racine,  Wis.,  is 
employed  for  a  high  school  period 
every  Wednesday  morning  from  9:30  to 
10:45.  The  University  of  Wisconsin 
extension    division    supplies   the   films. 

*  * 

A  film  giving  the  history  of  the 
X-ray,  from  Roentgen's  discovery  to 
the  present,  was  run  at  the  meeting  of 
the  county  medical  society  in   Evans- 

ville,   Ind. 

*  * 

Weekly  motion  pictures  for  children 
are  given  ev*ry  Saturday  morning  at 
the  Detroit  Institute  of  Arts.  Each 
program  occupies  half  an  hour.  The 
art  of  the  cave  men  of  Southern 
France,  the  art  of  batik,  the  most  beau- 
tiful of  Far  Eastern  arts,  and  similar 
pictures  are  exhibited.  Appropriate 
music  is  furnished. 


At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Erie 
County  Medical  Society  in  Sandusky, 
Ohio,  two  venereal  disease  subjects  of 
three  reels  each  were  shown  under  the 
auspices    of    the    state    department    of 

health. 

*  * 

Film  demonstrations  of  prevention  of 
accidents,  including  methods  of  first 
aid  to  the  injured,  formed  an  inter- 
esting portion  of  tlie  program  at  the 
annual  congress  of  the  National  Safety 
Council  in    Boston. 

Lloyd  Films,  of  Prague,  are  releas- 
ing a  series  of  gynecology  films  pro- 
duced within  the  past  two  years.  Some, 
of  these  may  be  brcftight  to  this  coun-i 
try. 

*  *  1 

Mary  Pickford  in  "Daddy  Long] 
Legs"  was  the  feature  at  West  End) 
Presbyterian  Cliurch,  Niishville,  Tenn,,j 
at  a  recent  benefit  performance  foil 
the  scholarship  fund  of  the  Peabodyj 
College  for  Teachers. 

*  * 

Motion  pictures  of  obstetrics  were  re 
cently  shown  to  more  than  1,000  doc- 
tors in  attendance  in  Milwaukee  at  the 
meeting  of  the  Wisconsin  Medical  So-' 
ciety.  ! 

At  several  farm  bureau  meetings  ir' 
Michigan  the  following  films  were  ex 
hibited:  "The  Government  Poultrj 
Farm,"  "Drying  Fruits  and  Vege 
tables,"  "A  Summer  Home  in  th< 
Sierras,"  "The  Last  Days  of  th(' 
Prairie  Dog,"  "The  Go-Getter,"  ant 
several  comedy  reels. 

Films  showing  the  thirty-second  na 
tional  tournament  of  the  Turners  01 
America,  which  was  held  last  summei 
in  Chicago,  were  presented  recently  be 
fore  a  large  crowd  at  Milwauke< 
Turner  Hall,  in  that  city. 

*  * 

To  aid  in  the  study  of  history  anc 
other  subjects  the  class  of  1920  of  th< 
high  school  at  Loveland,  Colorado,  haii 
decided  to  donate  a  motion  picturi, 
projector  as  its  class  memorial. 

*  * 

E.  B.  Nelms,  county  agent  of  Pitts 
burg  County,  Oklahoma,  is  deraonstrat 
ing  proper  and  improper  methods  o 
crop  cultivation,  comparison  betweei 
farmers  in  separ,ated  localities,  anc 
progression  of  the  crop  from  the  flel< 
to  the  store  counter  in  motion  picture, 
to  the  farmers  of  his  section. 

*  * 

"Johnny  Ring  and'  the  Captain'i 
Sword"  was  shown  in  the  parish  hal! 
of  the  Roseville  M.  E.  Church,  Newark 
N.  J.,  recently. 

*  * 

A  surgical  operation  performed  b; 
Dr.  H.  W.  Hewitt  of  Detroit  was  in 
eluded  in  a  program  of  seven  reel 
shown  before  the  annual  convention  o; 
the  American  College  of  Surgeons.  Thi 
films   were  selected   from   a  collectioi 

of  200. 

*  * 

"The  End  of  the  Road,"  a  healtl 
motion  picture,  was  shown  recently  a 
the  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 
Dr.  W.  D.  Calvin  gave  a  lecture  in  con 
nection  with  the  picture. 


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JiTirce  scientific  films  on  the  sub- 
its,  'Beyond  tlie  Microscope,"  "Evo- 
llon  of  Light,"  and  "Static  Eleetrici- 
j"  were  shown  in  the  Teachers  Col- 
je  auditorium,  Springfield,  Mo.,  re- 
(itly.  There  was  also  an  industrial 
ii  on  the  program. 
!  *  • 

1'rof.    Frank    Schoell    gave   a    recent 
le  lecture  on  "Le  Pays  de  Loire,"  in 
llertun   Hall,   Qiicago,   111. 
*  * 

Society    for    Visual    Education, 
.  has  placed  at  the  disposal  of 
M    York   Board   of   Education  a 
;;    "11    the    American    flag    entitled, 
il~    Off."      This    picture    has    been 
wu  in  twelve  schools  of  Manhattan. 


it  the  irrigation  convention  recently 
i  in  Vernon,  British  Columbia,  Can- 
t,  fruit-Krowers  of  the  famous  Oka- 
ran  \'alley  saw  themselves  at  work 
I  play,  when  "Paradise  Re-Discov- 
d,"  a  film  dealing  with  the  apple 
ustry  of  the  valley  produced  by  the 
tadian  Department  of  Trade  and 
imerce  was  shown  under  the  au- 
«s  of  the  Vernon  Board  of  Trade. 
1  picture  created  a  most  favorable 
ire.'Jsion  and  was  shown  again  dur- 
the  irrigation  conventioiT"  in  Cal- 
y,  Altwrta. 


film  urging  the  public  to  do  its 
Iday  shopping  early  was  furnished 
to  motion  picture  theaters  in 
lunond.  Va.,  by  merchants  and 
ie  bodies. 


The  Copperhead,"  a  patriotic  film, 
shown    recently    at   the    Roosevelt 

1  Lincoln  Junior  High  Schools,  Be- 
Wis. 


The  party  of  school  teachers  from 
Great  Britain  attendinp  the  Imperial 
Teachers'  Conference,  Toronto,  werti 
given  a  practical  demonstration  of  the 
use  of  motion  pictures  for  educational 
purposes  when  films  produced  by  the 
Department  of  Trade  and  Commerce 
were  screened  for  their  benefit.  These 
films,  which  are  part  of  the  "Seeing 
Canada"  series  of  one  reel  productions 
made  by  the  government,  embraced  a 
wide  range  of  subjects  dealing  with 
Canada,   her   industries  and   resources. 


At  the  convention  of  the  National 
Shorthand  Reporters'  A.ssociation  held 
at  Niagara  Falls,  Can.,  films  produced 
by  the  Department  of  Trade  and  Com- 
merce, were  shown  to  delegates. 


The  first  motion  pictures  of  the  Mac- 
kenzie River  District,  Canada's  sul>- 
arctic  territory,  which  has  come  into 
the  public  eye  through  the  recent  dis- 
covery of  oil  near  Fort  Norman,  have 
been  released  as  a  two  reel  production. 
The  pictures  are  being  distributed  in 
the  United  States  by  Goldwyn  and  in 
Canada  by  Universal  and  Regal  Films. 

*  * 

"Numljer  Please!"  a  one  reeler  deal- 
ing with  Canada's  telephone  system, 
was  the  first  release  in  the  "Seeing 
Canada"  series,  produced  by  the 
Canadian  Department  of  Trade  and 
Commerce.  The  picture  was  made  in 
co-operation  with  the  Bell  Telephone 
Company  of  Canada. 

*  * 

A  stereopticon  lecture  entitled'  "The 
Red  Cross  of  Today  and  Tomorrow," 
was  given  in  the  assembly  room  of  the 
public  library,  Mattoon,  111.  A  numtier 
of  interesting  slides  .were  shown  and 
explained. 


During  the  recent  tour  of  the  King 
and  Queen  of  Denmark  to  the  Feroe 
Islands,  Iceland  and  Greenland,  a 
.series  of  films  was  made  in  Greenland 
— the  very  first,  it  is  said,  to  come 
from  tlint  far  northern  frozen  land. 
These  pictures  were  recently  shown  in 
Paris  and  proved  a  revelation  to  the 
public  to  whom  Eskimo  life  and  the 
natural  wonders  of  Greenland  are  a 
closed  book. 

*  * 

In  connection  with  the  school  health 
.■ihow  at  the  Lyric  Theater,  Traverse, 
Mich.,  "The  Modern  Health  Crusade" 
was  exhibited. 

"Tlie  End  of  tlie  Road"  the  venereal 
disease  photoplay  produced  by  the 
United  States  War  Department  for  the 
in.struction  of  girls  and  women,  is  still 
being  shown  in  some  theaters  of  Iowa 
and  other  middle  west  states,  in  con- 
nection with  lectures  by  women  physi- 
cians representing  the  federal  and 
state  health  services. 

*  * 
Community    movie    shows    are    being 

given  at  the  Evans  school,  Marysvilie, 
Mo.  Recently  a  picture  made  by  the 
local  chamber  of  commerce  was 
screened  there. 

*  * 

In  connection  with  the  corn  and  po- 
tato show  at  Cando,  North  Dakota,  the 
film  showing  the  construction  of  a 
silo  on  a  farm  and  other  U.  S.  De- 
partment of  Agriculture  subjects  were 
used. 

Educational  films,  "The  Truth  about 
the  Lit)erty  Motor,"  "South  American 
Travel— From  Lima  to  the  Top  of  the 
Anes,"  "Revelation — the  X-ray,"  were 
shown  at  Wartburg  Auditorium, 
Waverly,   Va. 


The  St.  .Mnthlas  Parochial  School  of 
Mu-scatine,  Iowa,  and  the  local  high 
school  are  showing  instructional  reel* 
regularly  to  their  students.  At  the 
former  school  films  are  shown  at  three 
o'clock  Tuesday  or  Wednesday  after- 
noon, at  the  close  of  classroom  periods, 
for  half  an  hour.  The  Visual  Instruc- 
tion Department  of  Iowa  State  College 
at  Ames,  supplies  the  subjects. 

*  * 

As  a  result  of  showing  "Black 
Beauty"  on  a  recent  Friday  and  Sat- 
urday at  the  south  side  branch  of  the 
Milwaukee  Public  Library,  a  crowd  of 
1,000  persons  was  attracted  each  after- 
noon and  evening.  S.  A.  McKillip, 
director  of  the  library  extension  di- 
vision, said  250  applications  for  li- 
brary cards  were  received  on  Friday, 
and  as  many  as  1,500  new  borrowers 
are  expected  from  the  persons  who 
came  to  see  the  picture. 

*  * 

Movies  portraying  overcrowded  con- 
ditions in  Louisville,  Ky.,  schools  were 
shown  fur  three  days  at  local  theaters 
as  an  argument  for  passage  of  the 
school  lioi)d  issue.  Hundreds  of  chil- 
dren witli  their  parents  and  friends 
crowded  the  theaters  in  an  effort  to 
discover  themselves  on  the  screen. 

*  * 

Recent  films  screened  at  the  First 
Baptist  tliurch,  Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  Rev. 
Dr.  G.  L.  Brown,  pastor,  were  "The 
Prince  of  Peace,"  "Satan's  Scheme" 
and   "From   Darkness  to   Dawn." 

*  * 

Eight  hundred  educators  from  east- 
ern Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey, 
were  present  at  a  recent  showing  of 
edu«itioniil  motion  pictures  in  the 
Central  V.  M.  C.  A..  Philadelphia, 
which  was  arranged  jointly  by  the  Y. 
and  Path6  Exchange,  Inc.  Some  of 
these  films  were  those  described  in  re- 
cent issues  of  this  magazine. 


M©VIE  TRIP  THROUGH  FILMLAND 

(Continued  from  page  16) 
uloid  three  and  a  half  feet  wide  and  5-1000 
an  inch  thick,  on  a  roll,  and  the  scene  re- 
iblcs   nothing   so  much   as  a  small  printing 
BS   running   from  a  roll  of  paper.     One  of 

most   interesting  "shots"  in  the  picture  is 

furious,  boiling  action  of  nitric  acid  on 
s  of  pure  silver  bullion.  The  sQver  quickly 
ippears  in  solution  and,  with  the  evapora- 
I  of  the  liquid,  brilliant  crystals  of  silver 
ate  result.     These  are  stored  in  huge  trays 

later  use  in  making  the  silver  emulsion 
ch  is  applied  on  the  side  of  the  film  stock 
which  the  image  of  the  picture  is  recorded, 
glimpse  of  the  making  of  this  emulsion  is 
in.  -  , 

'he  operation  of  the  perforating  machine, 
jching  both  negative  and  positive  stock,  is 
wn  in  some  detail,  as  is  the  wrapping  of  the 
I  after  being  roUed  and  packing  into  round 
es.  There  are  views  of  some  of  the  building 
;  grounds  at  Kodak  Park  and  groups  of 
tly  clad,  happy-faced  men  and  women  work- 
pouring  out  of  the  factory  at  the  noon  hour, 
'he  finale  of  the  picture  is  ingeniously  de-. 
led  to  drive  home  the  fact  that  140,000  miles 
notion  picture  film  (739,200,000  feet)  were 
lufactured  by  the  Eastman  Kodak  Company 

year,  and  that  this  quantity  of  film  would 
ch  around  the  earth  six  times.  The  earth  is 
wn  Spinning  arovmd  on  its  axis,  with  minia- 


ture groups  of  buildings  typifying  the  different 
countries  and  wide  expanses  the  oceans  and  in- 
land seas.  On  tall  telegraph  poles  six  lines  of 
film  stretch  from  land  to  land  and  across 
the  wide  waters.  The  spectator  is  taken  on  a 
rapid  trip  around  the  world  and  enters  the 
gates  of  a  movie  studio  in  California  where  the 
mischievous  cartoonist  again  gets  in  his  ne- 
farious work  and  humorously  shows  how  the 
moving  earth  was  filmed.  High  up  on  taU  scaf- 
folding, a  tiny  camera  man  is  grinding  away  for 
dear  life  while  the  "earth"  revolves  on  a  huge 
spindle  some  forty  or  fifty  feet  in  height.  It  is 
a  clever  conclusion  to  one  of  the  most  entertain- 
ing and  instructive  industrials  ever  made. 

The  picture  was  shown  as  a  special  attraction 
at  the  Rialto  Theater,  New  York  City,  during 
the  week  of  December  18  and  wUl  probably  be 
exhibited  in  many  other  theaters  throughout  the 
country.  It  will  soon  be  available  to  all  non- 
theatrical  exhibitors. 


VICTOR  ,Po>-t<ib;c 
STEREOPTICON  > 


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far  every  iW 


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SPECIAL  EASY  TERMS 

?fctyrts  fw  rftjt. 


VICTOR  AMIMXTOaiUni  CO  UK 


AVAILABLE  FOR  FREE  DISTRIBUTION 
"The  Making  of  Soap,"  an  educational  film 
famished  in  standard  or  narrow  gauge  In 
Mass.,  R.  I.,  Conn.,  N.  J.,  N.  Y.,  DeL,  Md., 
Washington,   D.   C,   and    Eastern    Pa.     We 

I'can  furnish  complete  entertainment  FBEE 

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Five  and  six-reel  Feature  specials  like  new.  Also 
a  number  of  good  clean  comedies.  If  you  are 
looking  for  reel  bargains,  consult  me. 

DANIEL    J.    GOFF 
320  Wrigley  Building  CHICAGO 


PETER  POINTS  THE  WAY 

(Continued  from  page  9) 
C.  A.  but  it  also  emphasizes  the  importance  of 
the  work  of  United  States  government  officers 
at  Ellis  Island  and  contains  a  vast  amount  of 
information  about  Americanization,  the  subject 
of  the  hour,  of  which  the  average  person  is  ig- 
norant. The  foreigner  comes  in  contact  with 
the  Y.  aboard  the  steamer  and  this  acquaintance 
is  renewed  by  the  local  Americanization  secre- 
tary of  the  Y.  in  the  district  which  the  foreigner 
makes  his  destination.  The  Y.  helps  him  to 
learn  English,  to  understand  American  business 
methods,  gives  him  an  opportunity  of  learning  a 
trade,  teaches  the  laws  and  history  of  the 
United  States,  helps  him  to  obtain  his  first 
papers  and,  eventually,  his  citizenship  papers. 
The  picture  was  produced  by  Baumer  Films, 
Inc.,  from  a  scenario  written  by  George  Jay 
Zehrung,  who  supervised  the  direction.  Mr. 
Zelirung  is  the  efficient  chief  of  the  motion 
picture  division  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  industrial 
<tepartment. 

Peter  Points  the  Way.  Distributed  by  Motion 
Picture  Bureau,  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Room  705.  347  Madison 
.\venue,   New  York  City. 


MOTION  PICTURE  U5ER.S 


Schools,  Churcbes.  Instita- 
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Sold  only  to  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE  Subscribers,  as  follows: 

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that  is  well  worth  less  than  ten  cents  a  week  to  you!  Many  subscribers  say  the  magazine  alone  is  worth 
$12  a  year — so  think  of  the  tremendous  value  we  are  giving  you! 

Present  paid-up  magazine  subscribers  may  obtain  the  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service  by 
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Enclosed  find  $ for  which  please  enter  MY  (OUR)  subscription  to  your  monthly  magazine  and  your  Loose-Leaf  Catalog 

and  Information  Service  for years,  beginning  with  the issue.    I  am  (WE  are)  to  receive  at  once  your  Loose- 
Leaf  Binder  and  such  lists  as  are  ready,  and  your  service  is  to  continue  as  long  as  subscription  remains  paid  up. 

Name  City  and  State  

Home  Address  Position  


20 


A  Portable  £,"„  Projector  FREE 

for  your  School,  Church,  Club,  Community  Center,  Home,  etc. 

This  "LITTLE  WONDER"    FREE 


S45  MOTION  PICTURE  PROJECTOR 

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for  only'  10  Combination  Sub- 
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MA<iAZi>'K  and  I^oosc-Leaf  Cat- 
alog) nt  $6  each,  or  60  Maga- 
zine subscriptions  at  $1.00  cacli. 


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stop  the 
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NOT  A  TOy~but  .\  STANDARD  MOTION  PICTURE  MACHINE  guar-  Uses   regular   standard  width   film.     liauKcli   &   I>oml.   lens, 

anteed  to  give  as  good  a  picture  as  is  possible  with  any  machine  five  times  Straight   thread.     Frames   while   running.     200   feet   inaga- 

its  cost.    For  use  in  schools,  clmrches,  homes  and  clubs,  community  centers  nines.    Hand  driven.    Stereopticon  lamp,  1(X)  Walt.  Special 

iind   industrial  institutions,  etc.  condensers.     Beater  movement.    Special  re-winders. 

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or    100    Magazine    Subscriptions    at    $1.00    each. 


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and    silent,    giving    bright    flicl«erless    pictures. 

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justed and  removable  for  cleaning. 

Lamp  ot  unusual  strength  and  durabiity.     Non- 
overheating   lamp    house. 

Daylight   screen    in   carrying   case   permitting 
projection  in  broad  daylight. 

Scientific   precision   construction   assuring  con- 
tinuous satisfaction. 

Efficient    rewinder   and    Hircc    reels    with    each 
outfit. 


We  wiU  give  you  ABSOLUTELY  FREE  (F.O.B.  New  York  City) 
a  "Homelight"  Motion  Picture  Projector,  complete  in  beautiful  oak 
carrying    case,    an    outfit    which    retails    at    $75,    if   you    send    us 

Only  lOO  Subscriptions  at  $1  each  (for  Magaxine) 

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You  can  hold  the  film  as  a  still  picture. 

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livery  teacher,  every  minister,  every  mother  and  father  is  a  prospective  subscriber  for  Education  ai.  Fii.m  Magazine.  Hundreds  of  men  and 
women  in  your  community  will  be  interested  in  reading  a  publication  which  deals  with  educational  movies  and  the  better  type  of  entertain- 
ment pictures.  Especially  if  you  tell  them  that  you  are  working  for  a  FREE  motion  picture  machine  for  your  school,  church,  eluh,  conunun- 
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tion supplies  NOW. 

EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE,  189- C  Montague  St.,  BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 


Ready 


EASTMAN 


FILM  CEMENT 

Cut  where  you  will,  splice  with  Eastman 
Film  Cement  and  For  all  practical  purposes 
the  reel's  original  resistance  to  strain  both 
in  proj  ectipn  and  re- wind  is  restored.    The , 
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EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY 

Motion  Picture  Film  Department  '      Kochcstcr,  N.  \  . 


ittie 'public  LiSfof  ^     ^J  oMperm^ewofwce  Lon'ventton 


EDUCATIONAL 

FILM 
MAGAZINE 

I : 

The  International  Authority  of  the 
Non-Theatrical  Motion  Picture  Field 


Make  Visual  Education  a  Feature  on 
N*  E.  A.  Convention  Program 

By  J.  W.  Shepherd 

How  to  Use  Films  in  the  School 

By  Carl  Hardin  Carson 


Movies  Vital  Force  in  University  Education 

By  Grace  Partridge  Smith 

A  Successful  Three- Year  Experiment  in 

Bayonne,  N.  J. 

By  Edward  Berman 

Emotional  Reactions  to  Educational  Films 


By  Colin  N.  Bennett 


^ 


^HyTcL^ 


ANNOUNCES  THE  FOLLOWING  VOLUMES 


HISTORY 

Landmarks  of  the  American  Revolution: — 

1.  Boston  and  Lexington. 

Landmarks  of  Early  Explorations  and  Settle- 
ments of  North  America: — 

2.  The  English 

REGIONAL  GEOGRAPHY 

3.  Grand  Canyon  of  the       7.  Mount  Rainier 


Colorado 
4.  Yosemite  Valley 
6.  Rocky  Mountains 
6.  Yellowstone  Park 

Agriculture 

11.  Oranges  and  Olives 

12.  The  Honey  Bee 

13.  Milk  as  a  Food 


8.  Niagara   Falls 

9.  Panama  Canal 

10.  Washington,  D.  C. 

Civics  &  Citizenship 
H.  Democracy  in  Edu- 
cation 
16.  Some  of  Uncle 
Sam's  Workshops 


INDUSTRIAL  GEOGRAPHY 

16.  Iron  and  Steel 

17.  Making  Rubber  Tires 

18.  Oyster  and  Shrimp  Fishing 


New  Plan  of  Production  and  Distribution 
The  new  plan  of  production  and  distribution  of  the  Ford 
Educational  Library  places  visual  instruction  within 
easy  reach  of  all  communities.  Suitable  subjects  are 
now  ready  for  the  schools  and  will  be  distributed  direct 
to  them. 

Each  school  may  now  have  a  film  library  from  which 
the  subjects  may  be  selected  at  the  time  when  needed. 
The  new  plan  costs  less  than  the  present  rent  and  trans- 
portation of  films. 

Organized  Visual  Instruction 

Visual  instruction  to  function  in  education  must  be  or- 
ganized in  each  community.  There  are  many  ways  to 
organize  to  obtain  the  advantages  of  the  Ford  Educa- 
tional Library.  One  method  that  has  been  successful, 
where  small  schools  are  near  together,  is  to  form  a  Ford 
Educational  Library  Association,  which  purchases  all  of 
the  Library  subjects.  This  provides  at  small  cost  to  all 
schools  carefully  organized  material  in  modern  visual  in- 
struction. It  is  easy  for  each  school  in  the  Association  to 
raise  the  necessary  funds  by  giving  exhibits  or  special 
evening  entertainments,  charging  a  small  admission. 


Buying  Better  Than  Renting 

Each  new  subject  in  the  Ford  Educational  Library  is  five 
cents  per  foot,  or  $50  for  each  1,000-foot  reel.  With  each 
new  subject  bought,  two  used  reels  are  sent  on  a  long 
loan.  The  cost  of  the  three  reels  is  lower  than  renting. 
This  plan  gives  a  school  or  group  of  schools  an  Educa- 
tional Film  Library  always  ready  for  use.  The  subject 
may  be  shown  until  its  lesson  is  familiar  to  the  pupil.  The 
new  plan  eliminates  delays  of  the  renting  circuit. 
If  each  community  invests  the  sum  now  expended  for  rent 
and  transportation  in  volumes  of  the  Ford  Educational 
Library,  it  will  soon  have  a  film  collection  that  will  be- 
come a  vital  aid  in  school  work. 

New  Subjects 
Before  May,  1922,  20  new  subjects  will  be  ready.  These 
will  cover  many  subjects  to  be  edited  for  public  school 
pupils.  Educational  experts  and  teachers  who  have  defi- 
nite ideas  concerning  new  volumes  in  the  Ford  Educa- 
tional Library  are  urged  to  correspond  with  us,  so  we 
may  provide  material  to  aid  their  program  in  visual  in- 
struction. 
To  obtain  the  above  terms  write  to 


DEPARTMENT  E 


Qmotfn  Picture  laboratories 


HIGHLAND  PARK 


MICHIGAN 


FORD  EDUCATIONAL  LIBRARY 


i>nhll>hed  monthly  by  Non-Tbeatrlcal  Film  I'ublliilieni.  Inc..  at  White  Plains,  N.     Y..  and  18ft  Montague  Street.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.     (Addreiw  nil  communication*^ 
Braoklvn    N    Y    offlced)      Suhncriptlon :  U.  S.  and  Pomwjwlong.  It  a  year;  other  c  ountrle».  »2  a  year;  single  copies,  15  cents.     Entered  ns  second  doss  matter,  De- 
Mmber  s'  IMO.'at  the  post  office  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  under  the  Act  of  Marc  h  »,  1H7». 


Published  monthly  by  Non-Theatrical  Film  Publishers,  Inc.,  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  and  18»  Montaerue  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  (Address  all  communications  to 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  offices.)  DOLPH  EASTMAN,  Editor.  Subscription:  United  States  and  Possessions  |l  a  year;  other  countries  $2  a  year;  single  copies  1»  cent*. 
European  Representatives:  B.  Allan,  8S  Long  Acre,  London,  W.C.i;   E.   Fletcher-Qayton,  43  rue  de  Caumartin,  Paris;  E.  Serandrei,  88  via  Magenta,  Rome;  Han* 

Pander,   11   Pfalzburger  strasse,   Berlin,   W.   15. 
Advertising  rates  on   application.  Telephone:  Main  7887  Copyright,   1»«2,  by  Non-Theatrical  Film  Publishers,  Inc. 


\  ol.  VII 


FEBRUARY-MARCH,  1922 


No8.  2-3 


IN     THIS     ISSUE 


EDITORIAL  3 

HOW  TO  USE  FILMS  IN  THE  SCHOOL 5 

By  Carl  Hardin  Carson 

MOVIES  NOW  A  VITAL  FORCE  IN  UNIVERSITY  EDUCA- 
TION       7 

By  Grace  Partridge  Smith — Illustrated 

A   SUCCESSFUL  THREE  YEAR  EXPERIMENT  IN  BAY- 

ONNE.  N.  J 8 

By   Edward    Berman — lUuitrated 

EMOTIONAL  REACTIONS  TO  EDUCATIC:  AL  FILMS 11 

By  Colin  N.  Bennett 

"OUR    MUTUAL    FRIEND"    AN    OLD    MASTER    OF    THE 
SCREEN    12 

By  Dolph  Eastman — Illustrated 

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Women 


Leona  Block.  Industrial  Editor 


J.  W.  Shephehd.  Associate  Professor  of  Education 
and  Director  of  the  Department  of  Visual  Educa- 
tion, University  of  Oklahoma,  Chairman. 

Mks.  Woodallen  Chapman,  Chairman  Committee, 
Community  Service  on  Motion  Pictures,  General 
Federation  of  Women's  Oubs. 

William  Sheafk  Chase,  Rector  Christ  Episcopal 
Church,    BrooklsTi,   New  York. 

Ebnsst  L.  Cranoall,  Director  of  Lectures  and  Vis- 
ual Instruction,  Board  of  Education,  New  York  City 

Miss  Mary  E.  Gearing,  Professor  of  Home  Eco- 
nomics and  Director  Home  Economics  Extension. 
University  of  Texas. 

William    M.    Gregory,    Curator   of   the    Educational 


Museum  and  Professor  of  Geography  In  the  Geve- 
land  School  of  Education. 
Dudley    Grant    Hays,    Assistant    Superintendent    of 
Schools  and  Director  of  Visual  Instruction,  Chicago, 
Illinois. 

V.  A.  C.  Henmon,  Director  School  of  Education  and 
Professor  of  Education,  University  of  Wisconsin. 

J.  E.  MacAfee,  Community  Welfare  Counselor, 
University  of  Oklahoma. 

William  A.  McCall,  Assistant  Professor  of  Educei- 
tion.   Teachers'   College,   Columbia   University. 

James  A.  Mover,  Director  of  University  Extension, 
Massachusetts   Department  of   Education. 

Mrs.  Josephine  Corliss  Preston,  State  Superinten- 
dent of  Public  Instruction,  Washington. 


David  Snedden,  Professor  of  Educational  Sociology 
and  Vocational  Education,  Teachers'  College,  Co- 
lumbia  University. 

Carl  C.  Taylor,  Professor  of  Sociology  and  Director 
Department  of  Rural  Life,  State  College  of  Agri- 
culture and  Engineering,  North  Carolina. 

William  S.  Taylor,  Assistant  Director  of  Teacfaera* 
Bureau,  Pennsylvania  Department  of  Public  In- 
struction. 

L.  M.  Terman,  Professor  of  Educational  Psychology, 

Stanford  University. 

Miss  Charl  Ormond  Williams,  County  Superinten- 
dent, Shelby  County,  Tennessee,  and  President  of 
the  National  Education  Association. 


Note:    To  this  personnel  will  be  added,  as  soon  as  acceptances  are  received,  editorial   representatives  of  the  churches   and  church  organizations,   social  wel- 
fare organizations,  community  groups,  and  other  groups  whose  motion  picture  activities  should  be  thus  represented. — EorroR-iN-CHiEP. 


Vol.  VII 


FEBRUARY-MARCH,    1922 


No8.  2-3 


MAKE  VISUAL  EDUCATION  A  FEATURE  ON  EVERY  N.  E.  A.  CONVENTION  PROGRAM 


ROBERTSON  GODFREY  JONES,  President  of  the 
Department  of  Superintendence,  has  announced 
the  following  five  divisions  of  subject  matter  for 
the  program  of  the  Department  of  Superinten- 
dence of  the  National  Education  Association  to  be  held  at 
Chicago,  February  24  to  March  3: 

1 — What  types  of  education  does  this  country  require? 

2 — What  physical  property  will  be  necessary  to  insure  its 

promotion  ? 
3 — What  technique  in  education  may  be  expected  from  our 

advanced  curricula? 
4 — How  much  education  can  the  country  afford? 

How  much  more  can  we  secure  for  our  money  through 

elimination  of  wasteful  processes  and  organization? 
5 — ^What  benefits  shall  accrue  to  the  children  of  the  United 

States  through  public  education? 

This  tentative  basis  for  a  program,  while  not  definitely 
mentioning  the  administrative  problems  in  connection  with 
visual  methods  in  education,  nevertheless  gives  ample 
opportunity  for  their  presentation  and  discussion.  Cer- 
tainly no  ample  discussion  of  item  mmiber  2,  "physical 
property,"  could  at  this  time  fail  to  consider  such  equip- 
ment as  motion  picture  projectors  and  screens,  educational 
films,  stereographs,  lantern  slides,  and  other  visual  aids, 
and  no  adequate  discussion  of  architectural  plans  and  poli- 
cies could  omit  these  factors.  For  an  architect  to  plan  an 
auditorium  without  a  fireproof  booth  for  the  motion  picture 
projector  and  without  adequate  location  for  a  screen,  is  to 


admit  a  distressing  lack  of  knowledge  of  present  day  educa- 
tional needs  and  demands.  No  school  auditorium  can  now  be 
considered  complete  without  a  booth,  projector,  and  screen 
properly  planned  and  placed.  The  day  is  not  far  distant 
when  the  architect  must  have  the  projector  and  screen  in 
mind  in  planning  individual  classrooms,  lighting  effects, 
blackboard  space,  wiring,  etc.  In  fact  the  time  has  already 
come  when  the  outlet  in  the  back  of  the  room  ought  to  be 
placed  in  new  buildings  in  every  classroom  to  provide  for 
that  day  when  the  projector  will  be  a  feature  in  classroom 
procedure. 

Item  number  3  certainly  requires  a  discussion  of 
visual  methods  in  education  or  technique  of  visual  pres- 
entation. Perhaps  the  most  fundamental  of  all  educational 
aims  and  purposes  is  that  of  building  concepts.  Concepts 
arise  out  of  the  reactions  of  sense  experience  and  the  result- 
ing imagery.  The  visual  s€ase  is  far  more  active  and  ef- 
fective than  all  of  the  other  senses  combined.  This  is 
particularly  true  when  the  attempt  is  made  to  introduce 
sense  experience  within  the  classroom  for  it  there  becomes 
much  more  practical  and  possible  to  see  the  thing,  in  pic- 
torial form  at  least,  than  it  is  to  hear,  feel,  smell,  or  taste 
it;  and  the  resulting  concept  is  more  complete  and  accurate. 
While  imagery  of  all  kinds  is  important  and"  necessary,  yet 
we  actually  use  much  more  visual  imagery  than  we  do  that 
of  all  other  imagery  combined  and  it  is  out  of  this  imagery 


that  our  concepts  are  bom  and  it  is  out  of  this  imagery  that 
concepts  receive  their  nourishment  for  their  growth  and 
development.  When  we  consider  the  fact  that  language  is 
j  impotent  imtil  given  meaning  and  significance  by  the 
imagery  (largely  visual)  with  which  it  is  associated,  the 
importance  of  imagery  becomes  immediately  apparent, 
particularly  that  imagery  which  is  stored  through  the  opera- 
tion of  vision.  The  technique  of  instruction,  therefore,  in 
connection  with  the  use  of  the  appeal  to  the  eye,  is  one  of 
I  the  biggest  problems  now  before  the  educational  world  and 
should  have  a  share  of  the  attention  of  the  educational  ad- 
ministrative officers  in  session  in  Chicago. 

Item  4  again  challenges  the  thoughtful  administrator  to 
give  at  least  some  of  the  time  in  this  discussion  to  visual 
methods  in  education.  Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  pro- 
jection equipment  and  motion  pictures  are  expensive,  never- 
theless, is  it  not  possible  that  through  the  tremendous  in- 
crease in  efficiency  and  effectiveness  secured  through  their 
intelligent  use  much  money  might  be  saved  in  the  ad- 
ministration of  public  education  through  the  elimination  of 
wasteful  effort  and  processes  and  by  the  securing  of  more 
effective  and  complete  results?  Might  it  not  be  possible 
that  through  a  complete  reorganization  of  our  curricula 
and  classroom  methods  on  the  basis  of  the  possibilities  that 
lie  in  the  appeal  to  the  mind  through  the  eye,  we  might  at 
the  same  time  save  tremendously  in  effort  and  cash  outlay 
and  also  increase  the  quantity  and  the  quality  of  our  pro- 
duct? Recent  research  results,  though  not  yet  complete, 
tend  to  show  evidence  in  support  of  this  contention. 

In  the  discussion  of  Item  5,  we  may  likewise  turn  to  the 
new  movement  in  education  to  find  that  the  children  of  the 
United  States  receiving  their  education  through  the  public 
schools  might  secure  untold  benefits  through  enriched  con- 
cepts, more  complete  and  accurate  information,  a  more 
intelligent  attitude  toward  vocational  selection  and  indus- 
i  trial  problems,  and  a  more  clearly  defined  and  complete 
I  standard  of  living  and  of  morals  and  of  social  relation- 
ships through  the  wide  use  of  pictures,  particularly  the 
motion  picture,  which,  unlike  language,  needs  no  inter- 
pretation or  translation  within  the  mind. 

President  Jones  is  to  be  congratulated  on  the  direct  at- 
tack which  he  makes  on  the  practical  problems  of  adminis- 
tration and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  those  in  charge  of  the 
trend  of  discussion  in  the  various  meetings  in  which  these 
outlines  are  to  be  followed  will  give  the  problems  of  visual 
presentation  all  the  time  and  consideration  their  import- 
ance demands. 

J.  W.  Shepherd. 
»    W 

The  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  flim  Tht  Honor  of  the 
Little  Purple  Stamp  was  recently  shown  in  London  to  representatives  of 
the  British  meat  trade,  wlw  were  impressed  by  the  thoroughness  of  the 
Federal  meat  inspection  system  of  the  United  States.  The  picture  will 
be  exhibited  extensively  in  Europe  as  part  of  the  campaign  to  develop 
the  foreign  market  for  American  meat  products. 


TO  OUR  READERS 

BEGINNING  with  this  issue  the  editorial  policies  of 
the  Educational  Film  Magazine  will  be  con- 
trolled by  the  Editorial  Board,  as  editorially  an- 
nounced in  previous  issues  of  the  magazine.  The 
arrangement  made  by  the  editor  requires  that  all  material 
printed  on  the  editorial  pages  pass  through  the  hands  of 
the  chairman  of  the  board.  The  policy  of  these  pages  will, 
therefore,  under  the  direction  of  this  board,  be  absolutely 
independent  and  will  attempt  to  reflect  the  purely  profes- 
sional aims  and  ideals  in  education,  whether  presented  in 
the  schoolroom,  from  the  pulpit,  or  from  the  platform. 

Many  of  the  editorials  will  be  signed  by  individual 
members  of  the  board  or  by  noted  leaders  in  educational 
thought  outside  of  the  board,  which  will  voice  the  indi- 
vidual attitudes  and  ideals  of  those  who  sign  the  articles. 
The  acceptance  of  this  responsibility  is  an  evidence  of 
the  approval  of  the  untiring  efforts  of  Mr.  Eastman  under 
trying  conditions  that  face  the  pioneer  to  establish  and 
maintain  a  forum  for  the  exchange  of  opinions  and  ideas 
concerning  a  new  and  important  movement  in  education. 

J.  W.  Shepherd, 
Chairman,  Editorial  Board. 

TO  COMMERCIAL    REPRESENTATIVES 

THE  Editorial  Board  of  Educational  Film  Maga- 
zine, which  begins  functioning  with  this  issue,  has  no 
antagonism  toward  commercial  enterprises.     On  the 
other  hand,  it  feels  keenly  the  necessity  for  the  good-will 
and  cooperation  of  the  commercial  representative. 

As  long  as  this  board  is  connected  with  the  magazine  the 
editorial  pages  will  have  nothing  to  sell.  The  editorial 
policy  will  be  entirely  free  from  commercial  influences  of 
any  kind.  The  board  will  act  as  a  free  lance  with  die  same 
interest  in  all  commercial  enterprises,  namely,  to  do  jus- 
tice on  the  basis  of  merit  alone. 

The  board  believes  with  the  editor  that  this  policy 
makes  the  magazine  a  much  more  valuable  magazine  to 
the  readers  than  were  the  policy  otherwise.  And,  in  addi- 
tion, we  are  sure  that  such  a  policy  makes  the  magazine  a 
much  more  valuable  advertising  medium. 

J,  W.  Shepherd, 
Chairman,  Editorial  Board. 

m  » 

THE  NATIONAL  ACADEMY  OF  VISUAL  INSTRUCTION 

THE  National  Academy  of  Visual  Instruction,  organ- 
ized at  the  University  of  Wisconsin  diiring  the' sum- 
mer of  1920,  has  been  called  to  meet  at  Lexington, 
Kentucky,  late  in  April,  1922,  at  the  time  of  the  National 
University  Extension  Association  meeting.  The  1921 
meeting  was  held  in  Des  Moines  in  July  in  connection  with 
the  N.  E.  A.  meeting. 


The  meeting  at  Wisconsin,  which  was  held  on  the 
strength  of  the  visual  instruction  movement  alone  and  not 
in  conjunction  with  any  other  organization,  was  a  decided 
success.  The  meeting  at  Des  Moines  was  an  avowed 
failure.  At  Des  Moines  the  meetings  of  the  academy  were 
attended  by  scarcely  more  than  a  half  dozen  school  men 
outside  of  the  official  representatives  of  university  and 
municipal  extension  departments  and  commercial  repre- 
sentatives. The  Visual  Instruction  Section  of  the  N.  E.  A., 
which  gave  a  program  one  afternoon,  had  an  attendance 
of  1,500  or  more. 

The  calling  of  the  academy  to  meet  with  the  National 
University  Extension  Association  will  probably  accentuate 
the  tendency  for  the  control  of  this  new  organization  to  be 
vested  entirely  in  imiversity  extension  representatives  with 
whom  will  be  associated  heads  of  visual  instruction  depart- 
ments from  the  larger  city  school  systems,  and  curators  of 
museums  which  also  function  more  or  less  as  extension 
agencies. 

There  seems  to  be  some  doubt,  therefore,  what  the  future 
status  of  the  National  Academy  of  Visual  Instruction  will 
be.  The  growing  interest  in  this  field  demands  and  necessi- 
tates an  organization  of  this  sort,  at  least  until  the  stand- 
ard educational  organizations  give  the  movement  sufficient 
attention  and  emphasis. 

Should  the  extension  departments  be  able  to  show  suffi- 
cient strength  to  meet  the  demand  for  a  well-organized  sys- 
tem of  distribution  for  visual  aids  of  various  kinds,  in- 
cluding educational  and  entertainment  film,  it  is  quite 
probable  that  the  control  of  the  academy  ought  to  lie  in 
the  university  extension  forces  of  the  country. 

Even  this  possibility,  however,  would  not  preclude  the 
necessity  for  the  academy  securing  more  interest  on  the 
part  of  the  leaders  in  the  field  of  education,  if  it  is  to 
speak  with  the  tone  of  authority  and  if  the  future  of  the 
oganization  is  to  live  up  to  its  possibilities  of  real  and 
constructive  service  in  the  field  of  education. 

In  view  of  these  conditions,  then,  we  would  say  that  not 
less  of  extension  but  more  of  education  is  the  need  of  the 
academy  at  the  present  time,  and  developments  at  Lexing- 
ton will  be  looked  forward  to  with  interest.  J.  W.  S. 

Ht    ft 

A  LIBERAL  EDUCATION 

Bt  Thomas  Hexbt  Huxi^t 

rpHAT  man,  I  think,  has  had  a  liberal  education  who  has  been  so 
■'•  trained  in  youth  that  his  body  is  the  ready  servant  of  his  will, 
and  does  with  care  and  pleasure  all  the  woric  that  as  a  mechanism  it  is 
capable  of;  whose  intellect  is  a  clear,  cold  logic  engine,  with  all  its 
parts  of  equal  strength  and  in  smooth  running  order,  ready  lilce  a  steam 
engine  to  be  turned  to  any  kind  of  work  and  spin  the  gossamers  as  well 
as  forge  the  anchors  of  the  mind;  whose  mind  is  stored  with  a  knowledge 
of  the  great  and  fundamental  truths  of  Nature  and  of  the  laws  of  her 
operations;  one  who,  no  stunted  ascetic,  is  full  of  life  and  fire,  but 
whose  passions  are  trained  to  come  to  heel  by  a  vigorous  will  the 
servant  of  a  tender  conscience;  who  has  learned  to  love  all  beauty, 
whether  of  Nature  or  of  Art,  to  hate  all  vileness  and  to  respect  others 
as  himself. 


HOW  TO  USE  FILMS  IN  THE  SCHOOL 

Constructive  Suggestions  on  Capitalizing  the  Motion   Picture  in 

Assembly  Hall  and  Classroom — Facts  and  Helpful  Hints 

For  the  Teacher  and  the  Principal 

By  Carl  Hardin  Carson 

Former    Instructor    in    History.    High    School,    Pasadena.    Cal.,    and     Former 
President,  Visual  Education  Association  of  California  i 

THE  use  of  motion  pictures  in  the  school  and  the  college 
is  so  new,  is  in  such  an  experimental  and  transitional 
state,  that  the  experiences  of  a  teacher  in  a  western  high 
school  and  the  suggestions  that  have  arisen  out  of  these  ex- 
periences may  not  be  without  value  to  the  readers  of  this  maga- 
zine. 

First  of  all,  a  distinct  line  of  demarcation  should  be  drawn 
between  the  class  and  character  of  films  suitable  for  showing  in 
the  main  assembly  hall  and  those  suitable  for  screening  in  the 
small  classroom.  Entertainment  pictures  per  se  would  be  out 
of  place  in  a  room  set  apart  for  instruction.  Vice  versa,  strictly 
educational  films  as  such  might  hold  little  interest  in  the  large 
assembly  composed  of  students  taking  widely  varying  courses. 

"While  emphasizing  this  distinction  it  would  be  well  to  say, 
what  has  been  said  before  by  others  who  have  studied  the  matter, 
that  standard  motion  picture  projection  equipment,  with  fireproof 
booth  and  competent  operator,  should  be  used  in  the  auditorium, 
whereas  in  the  small  classrooms  some  form  of  portable  or  semi- 
portable  projector  should  be  employed.  In  the  latter  case,  when 
non-inflammable  film  can  be  had  in  sufficient  quantities  and  of 
the  proper  subjects,  no  booth  will  be  necessary  and  no  special 
skill  in  operating  will  be  demanded.  Unfortunately,  classroom 
films  which  correlate  with  textbooks  and  syllabi  do  not  exist  at 
the  present  time.  Until  an  adequate  supply  of  properly  cor- 
related or  coordinated  pictures  becomes  available,  the  school 
teacher  who  wishes  to  do  actual  film  teaching  will  have  to  make 
up  his  own  screen  courses  from  the  limited  supply  of  prints 
here  and  there  in  the  exchanges.  There  are  decided  indications 
that  conditions  will  change  for  the  better  within  the  comparatively 
near  future. 

Informational  Films 

On  the  other  hand,  the  present  available  supply  of  clean  and 
wholesome  entertainment  pictures  for  the  main  assembly  is  large 
and  growing.  There  are  thousands  of  prints  ready  today  for  the 
schoolman  who  knows  how  to  choose  discriminately  for  his  select 
group  of  children  and  families.  There  are  the  so-called  educa- 
tional scenes,  travel  reels,  news  and  topical  pictures,  uplifting 
and  inspiring  drama,  comedies  free  from  vulgarity  and  horse- 
play, cleverly  amusing  cartoons,  intensely  interesting  and  really 
instructive  films  of  animal  and  plant  life,  and  well-made  indus- 
trials reflecting  onr  commercial  life  which  is  so  important  to  us 
Americans.  Hundreds  of  worth-while  programs  for  the  high 
school,  the  elementary  school  and  even  the  college  and  the  uni- 
versity can  be  made  up  from  the  present  stock  of  prints  in  the 
various  exchanges.  How  much  such  programs  contribute  to  the 
pedagogic  results  we  have  a  right  to  expect  from  visual  education 
is  altogether  another  matter.  My  own  experience  in  school  work 
leads  me  to  believe  that  motion  pictures  of  this  kind,  rightly 
chosen,  are  exceedingly  valuable  and  should  form  an  integral 
part  of  the  curricula. 

Let  us,  then,  divide  ifce  subject  of  motion  pictures  in  the  school 
into  these  main  subdivisions: 

1 — Classroom  films;  by  which  we  mean  films  that  are  the  very 
heart  of  visual  education  and  that  coordinate  or  correlate  with 
textbooks  and  syllabi. 

Reprinted  by  request  from  the  Mar.  1»1»  isaae  ol  Educational  Fim  Magazike. 


2 — General  cultural  films;  by  which  we  mean  the  classics  of 
literature  and  drama,  corresponding  to  books  by  great  authors 
and  lectures  by  famous  people  and  wholesome  entertainment 
such  as  scenics,  travelogs,  news  and  topicals,  cartoons,  comedies, 
industrials,  etc. 

Pedagogical  Films 

As  to  the  first  subdivision,-  only  general  hints  and  suggestions 
can  be  given  at  this  time,  since  the  available  supply  of  genuine 
pedagogic  films  is  so  restricted  and  since  what  is  available  has 
not  been  co-ordinated  with  the  courses  now  taught  in  the  schools. 
There  is  a  vast  virgin  field  of  opportunity  here  for  those  who 
know  how  to  master  all  of  the  many  intricate  problems  involved 
and  who  can  command  the  large  capital  necessary  to  carry  out 
such  an  enterprise  to  its  logical  conclusions.  So  far  all  such  at- 
tempts have  ended  in  failure,  chiefly  because  the  promoters  did 
not  know  how,  because  they  did  not  know  the  essential  diff'erence 
between  a  so-called  "educational"  picture  such  as  is  screened  in 
the  theater  and  genuine  pedagogical  film  which  is  essentially  and 
fundamentally  instructional  or  educational.  Until  a  reel  is  edited 
and  subjected  to  the  same  careful  pedagogic  supervision  as  a  text- 
book or  a  map,  by  some  one  at  least  as  well  educated  as  a  textbook 
author,  there  will  be  no  truly  educational  motion  picture  but  a 
makeshift  "educational"  in  name  only. 

Classroom  films  should  be  produced  by  educators  trained  as 
technical  film  experts.  These  educators  should  prepare  the  sce- 
narios and  have  general  supervision  over  the  work,  but  the  actual 
production  of  the  pictures  could  be  made  by  film  specialists  who 
are  at  the  same  time  educated  men.  The  ideal  combination  would 
be  the  ability  to  write  a  classroom  textbook  plus  the  ability  to  pro- 
duce a  classroom  film  plus  experience  in  both  fields.  In  any  case, 
the  producer  should  collaborate  with  educational  specialists  in 
the  field  being  covered. 

The  "Development  Method"  in  Classroom  Films 

The  present  tendency  is  to  make  pictures  instruct  {instruo,  to 
)>(jur  in),  instead  of  making  them  educate  {educere,  to  draw  out). 
Probably  no  teacher  will  dispute  the  necessity  for  retaining  the 
"development  method"  in  films  as  well  as  in  other  classroom 
work.  One  might  have  a  Gargantuan  mental  appetite  and  swallow 
llie  contents  of  dictionaries,  atlases,  and  encyclopedias,  and  still 
remain  uneducated.  Therefore  I  would  make  classroom  films  not 
merely  informational  or  instructional  but  truly  educational. 

The  teacher  who  has  mastered  the  principles  of  pedagogy  and  of 
child  psychology  will  comprehend  my  meaning  and  appreciate 
the  significance  of  this  essential  distinction  in  terms.  Right  here, 
let  me  repeat  what  I  have  so  often  said,  I  do  not  believe  that  the 
film  will  or  should  ever  replace  either  the  teacher  or  the  text- 
i  book;  but  I  do  hold  that  it  will  play  at  least  as  important  a  part 
as  has  the  invention  of  printing. 

Classroom  films,  of  course,  should  be  shown  more  than  once; 
the  number  of  times  depends  upon  the  amount  of  development 
work  needed.  When  non-inflammable  stock  is  used  it  will  be 
I  possible  to  stop  the  film  where  required  and  to  show  the  single 
frame  as  a  still  picture  or  slide.  While  with  celluloid  film  it 
U  safer  not  to  attempt  them,  slide  enlargements  can  be  made  from 
the  small  frames. 

A  film  for  classroom  use  should  not  exceed  500  feet  in  length 
and  even  shorter  than  this  would  be  preferable;  a  reel  should  be 
split  up  into  two,  three,  or  four  units.  With  the  longer  units 
there  is  too  great  a  temptation  to  run  the  film  right  through  and 
to  neglect  the  teaching.     The  fact  must  not  be  lost  sight  of  that 


the  pictures  are  being  shown  for  serious,  thoughtful  educational 
purposes  and  not  for  mere  observation  or  running  comment.  For 
purposes  of  review  it  would  still  be  possible  to  gather  these 
units  together  and  screen  them  in  series  one  after  the  other. 

Motion  Picture  Syllabi 

With  each  film  a  printed  abstract  should  be  furnished  to  the 
teacher.  This  will  be  his  motion  picture  syllabus  and  it  should 
correlate  or  co-ordinate  in  every  detail  with  the  syllabus  of  the 
textbook  or  lecture  course.  In  the  case  of  an  assigned  topic 
in  literature,  history  or  science,  the  pictures  must  be  selected 
with  the  utmost  care  and  discretion  and  with  painstaking  accur- 
acy and  consideration  of  the  topics  assigned.  The  film  syllabus 
should  give  the  film  titles  and  sub-titles  in  consecutive  order; 
it  should  include  a  digest  of  data  which  will  be  helpful  to  the 
'teacher  and  students;  it  should  include  topics  for  discussion  and 
suggest  typical  development  questions. 

Schools  and  colleges,  as  a  general  thing,  should  not  attempt 
to  produce  their  own  instructional  or  educational  pictures.  They 
have  not  the  facilities,  the  equipment,  the  technical  experts,  the 
financial  means  or  the  time  to  undertake  ventures  of  this  kind. 
In  most  instances,  where  such  institutions  have  attempted  it,  the 
results  have  been  disastrous.  There  is  no  economy  in  it,  and  it 
is  far  better  to  leave  such  work  to  the  skill,  the  judgment,  the 
experience,  and  the  means  commanded  by  technical  specialists. 

Physical  Geography  Film  First 

It  appears  probable  that  geography  will  be  the  first  classroom 
topic  to  be  adequately  filmed  in  correlation  with  text-books  and 
classroom  lectures.  This  is  indicated  by  the  replies  to  hundreds 
of  questionnaires  mailed  to  school  superintendents,  normal,  high 
school  and  grade  school  principals,  and  college  professors  a  few 
months  ago.  These  replies  for  the  most  part  advised  that  geog- 
raphy should  be  the  first  school  subject  to  be  pictured.  As  a 
great  mass  of  general  geographical  material  (scenic,  travel,  in- 
dustrial, agricultural,  topical,  etc.),  has  already  been  made  and 
now  awaits  merely  combining,  editing  and  titling,  probably  the 
first  new  subjects  to  be  attempted  should  be  in  physical  geog- 
raphy. 

The  second  division,  that  of  general  cultural  pictures,  is  a  far 
easier  matter  to  discuss.  The  classics,  such  as  "Quo  Vadis," 
"Les  Miserables"  (the  French  version),  "Oliver  Twist,"  "Julius 
Cajsar,"  "Romeo  and  Juliet,"  "The  Tale  of  Two  Cities,"  "David 
Copperfield,'  "Ivanhoe,"  "Last  Days  of  Pompeii,"  and  other 
films  of  this  character  form  the  essence  of  cultural  and  ethical 
teacliing  and  should  have  a  place  on  the  program  of  every  school. 
1  mention  only  a  few,  but  there  are  actually  scores,  perhaps  hun- 
dreds, of  such  cultural  films  readily  available  in  most  sections 
of  the  country.  Satisfactory  arrangements  can  usually  be  made 
with  the  local  exchange  manager  for  a  showing  of  such  pictures 
in  the  assembly  hall  of  the  school.  In  the  morning,  when  there  is 
little  call  for  these  films,  they  can  be  run  off  on  the  screen  for  the 
benefit  of  the  entire  assemblage — the  whole  body  of  students 
and  teachers.  Suitable  music  by  the  students  or  teachers  may 
be  provided. 

Student  Admissions  Paid  For  $2,000  Equipment 

At  Pasadena  High  School  we  found  the  forenoon,  around  ten 
or  eleven  o'clock,  to  be  best  suited  for  these  general  cultural 
film  entertainments.  On  the  average  we  gave  them  once  or  twice 
a  month.  Local  school  boards  should  provide  a  special  fund 
for  this  purpose,  but  if  this  is  not  done  admission  fees  paid  by 
(Continued  on  page  10) 


MOVIES  NOW  A  VITAL  FORCE  IN  UNIVERSITY  EDUCATION 


Motion  Picture  Studios  and   Laboratories  in   Higher   Institutions 
Will  Follow  the  Introduction  of  the  Film  in  the  Classroom 

By  Grace  Partridge  Smith 


S 


Editor-in-Chief  The  Iowa  Alumnus,  University  of   Iowa 

INCE  the  use  of  the  motion  picture  in  elementary  grades 
and  high  schools  of  the  United  States  is  now  a  well- 
established  fact  and  visual  education  in  schools,  churches, 
and  communities   is   being  emphasized   by   educators   as 


used  for  supplementary  instruction.  Informative  replies  were 
received  from  Yale,  Harvard,  Princeton,  Columbia,  Vermont, 
California,  Washington,  Oregon,  Kansas,  Nebraska,  Oklahoma, 
Missouri,  Texas,  Michigan,  Ohio  State,  Indiana,  Wisconsin,  Min- 


filling  a  long-felt  need  to  stimulate  study  on  the  part  of  pupils*    nesota,  Illinois,  Iowa,  and  Pennsylvania. 


and  presentation  on  the  part  of  the  teacher,  we  are'  wondering 
if  the  motion  picture  has  reached  its  high  water  mark  or  if  it  is 
still  capable  of  development  for  educational  purposes. 

To  answer  this  question  we  have  only  to  look  about  us.  In 
answer  to  the  query  "How  high  are  the  movies?"  we  shall  reply, 
not  "the  high  school,"  but  "the  university."  For,  indeed,  before 
we  have  realized  it,  the  motion  picture  has  placed  its  ftont  lines 
ill  the  institutions  of  higher  education  throughout  the  country. 
The  significance  of  this  step  is  as  yet 
siarcely  realized  but  the  fact  is,  the  film 
liij  "arrived"  in  the  university  and,  like 
il~  advent  elsewhere,  it  has  come  to  stay 
and  to  revolutionize. 

In  most  cases  the  professor  is  willing 
to  give  the  movie  its  due.  Naturally  there 
are  some  prejudices  to  be  overcome;  he 
is  unwilling  to  throw  away  "all  that  scien- 
tific bric-a-brac"  and  substitute  pictures 
for  either  text  book  or  instructor.  He  does 
not  recommend  a  degree  based  on  movie 
courses  alone.  No,  the  motion  picture  in 
his  hands,  becomes  like  other  classroom 
media  for  visual  education — the  slide,  the 
chart,  and  the  diagram — only  an  aid  to  in- 
struction. And  the  sane  educator  knows 
how  to  give  visual  aids — be  it  photograph, 
slide  or  motion  picture — its  proper  place 
in  the  classroom  with  respect  to  other 
supplementary  material. 

To  those  who  are  familiar  with  the 
history  of  photography,  with  that  pioneer. 
Dr.  John  W.  Draper,  said  to  be  the  first 
photographer  of  the  human  face  (1840)  — 
himself   a   university   man    (professor   of 


pRACE  PARTRIDGE  SMITH,  a  native  of  Massa- 
"  chusetts,  has  been  a  resident  of  Iowa  for  many 
years.     She  graduated  from  the  University  of  Iowa 


in  1891  and  spent  fifteen  months  in  study  and  travel 
in  Germany,  France,  and  England,  of  which  one 
year   was   passed    as    a    student    of   the    Royal    Con 


Replies  from  these  questionnaires  show  that,  in  the  main,  facul- 
ties of  these  universities  are  in  a  receptive  mood  toward  motion 
pictures.  Their  reaction  to  it  is  noted  as  "favorable"  as  a  rule 
with  a  variation  of  synonyms  to  indicate  the  degree  of  interest. 
Only  one  was  distinctly  adverse  to  its  use;  one  had  "never  heard 
it  discussed;"  possibly  three  of  those  queried  stated  that  films 
were  not  used  for  instruction  but  added  notes  concerning  courses 
in  visual  education  and  the  use  of  motion  pictures  in  their  ex- 
tension divisions  in  many  of  which  film 
libraries  have  been  built  up  and  which 
are  carrying  on  important  work. 

The  list  of  subjects  actually  supple- 
mented by  the  motion  picture  in  the  class- 
room recorded  from  the  questionnaires  in- 
cluded Latin,  Greek,  English,  home  eco- 
nomics, journalism,  agriculture,  engineer- 
ing, commerce,  geology,  biology,  educa- 
tion, athletics,  architecture,  business  ad- 
ministration, besides  being  used  in  col- 
leges of  medicine  and  military  depart- 
ments. That  the'  film  is  actually  used  with 
such  a  large  list  of  subjects  makes  it 
seem  likely  that  others  will  soon  follow. 

In  the  majority  of  cases  two  objections 
must  be  overcome — prejudice  and  lack  of 
equipment.  The  former  is  fast  being  re- 
moved since  the  motion  picture  has  satis- 
factorily demonstrated  its  value  as  an  asset 
to  instruction.  The  use  of  the  film  by 
educators  is  sure  to  raise  its  level  and, 
in  view  of  these  dawning  possibilities,  one 
after  another  of  these  professors  are  run- 
ning hither  and  thither  to  "borrow"  a  pro- 
jector,   to    devise    ways    and    means    for 


physics  and  chemistry  at  New  York  Uni-  fo^m'^Mre 'sm1tt'w.i:sTnrtract*oT"n''Gre^™^^  stretching  their  slender  departmental  funds 

versity),    and    the    experiments    and    re-  University  of  lowa.    For  the  past  four  years  she  to  cover  cost  of  equipment,    or    pooling 

•'  r  has  been  editor-in-chief  of  The  Iowa  Alumnus.     She  '     '  " 

searches    of   Edward    Muvbridee    (1885)  '^  a  member  of  pw  Beta  Kappa,  Theta  Sigma  Piii,  their  efforts  to  purchase  portable  projec- 

.■'  6       "^  '  and  Pi  Beta  Phi.  ^, 


j  under  the  auspices  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  photographing  animals  and  human  beings  in 
I  motion,  it  seems  fitting  that  the  university  should  be  the  last  step 
(in  the  educational  career  of  the  motion  picture  and  that  univer- 
shy  men  who  fostered  first  attempts  in  this  field  should  be  re- 
sponsible for  its  further  development. 

As  convincing  proofs  of  the  fact  that  the  movies  are  not,  as 
some  predicted,  "the  next  step  in  university  education,"  but  a 


tors,  films,  etc. 

Higher  educational  institutions  are  not  yet  materially  equipped 
for  this  work ;  neither  are  their  instructors  ready  to  say  definitely 
just  what,  when,  where,  and  how  films  shall  be  used.  A  report 
from  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Education  showed  that  out  of 
1,000  schools  equipped  with  standard  projection  machines  670 
are  installed  in  universities  and  colleges  and  that  there  is  one 
projection  machine  to  every  seven  higher  educational  institutions. 


step  already  taken,  the  writer  recently  recorded  the  motion  picture  Reports  from  the  questionnaire  bear  out  this  statement  on  scarcity 

pulse  of  a  number  of  leading  educational  institutions  throughout  of  equipment.    This  condition  is  going  to  be  changed  in  the  near 

the  country  by  means  of  a  questionnaire.     Two  score  and  more  future.    The  University  of  Nebraska  has  already  constructed,  we 

universities  from  coast  to  coast  were  queried  as  to  the  attitude  have  been  advised,  a  motion  picture  studio  equipped  with  every 

of  their  faculties  with  regard  to  the  motion  picture  for  classroom  device  for  motion  picture  work  and  photography,  in  connection 
use.    They  were  also  asked  to  state  in  what  courses  films  were  (Continued  on  page  10) 


• 


A  SUCCESSFUL  THREE-YEAR  EXPERIMENT   IN   BAYONNE,   NEW  JERSEY 


History,  Geography,  Science,  Health,  Sanitation,  Safety,  Fire  Pre- 
vention, Americanization,  and  Other  Subjects  on  Weekly 
Film  Programs  in  Fourteen  Public  Schools — "Have 
Found  the  Motion  Picture  a  Great  Aid;  It 
Will  Prove  to  Be  the  Greatest 
Essential" 

By  Edward  Berman 

Principal  of  Vocational  School  (Public  School  No.  10)   and  in  charge  of  Visual 
Instruction  in  the  Bayonnc  Scliools 


WHEN   Bayonne,    New   Jersey,    began    working    out   its 
Americanization  program  very  early  in  1919  the  mo- 
tion picture  was  thought  of  as  a  good  means  of  attract- 
ing  the  foreign-born   to    our   schools.      Once   in   the 
building  we  thought  we  could  by  means  of  speakers  in  their 
native  tongue  induce  them  to  join  our  classes,  attend  our  lectures, 
and  enter  wholeheartedly  into  a  program  for  self-improvement. 

Accordingly  a  free  motion  picture  show  was  advertised  to  all 


More  Than  2,500  Adults  Attended  Weekly 

To  furnish  variety  to  the  program  we  made  use  of  whatever 
good  historical  dramas  were  available  and  now  and  then  a  good 
clean  comedy.  These  shows  were  very  well  attended.  Not 
counting  the  children  who  came  with  the  adults,  we  found  that 
we  were  reaching  more  than  2,500  people  every  week  through 
these  shows.  As  we  would  obtain  a  picture  worth  while  we  would 
show  it  during  the  day  to  our  school  children  and  found  that 


ONE  of  the  Bay- 
onne, N.  J., 
school  buildings  in 
whicli  educational 
film  programs 
have  become  an 
established  week- 
ly institution.  The 
board  of  educa- 
tion has  equipped 
11  schools  with  11 
movie   projectors. 


the  school  children  of  the  district  and  the  children  were  cau- 
tioned that  no  child  would  be  admitted  unless  accompanied  by  a 
parent.  The  number  who  came  to  attend  our  first  show,  well 
over  1,000  adults,  was  so  encouraging  that  we  conceived  the  idea 
not  only  of  using  the  motion  picture  to  attract  them  to  the  school 
but  using  the  picture  itself  as  an  educational  instrument. 

We  equipped  three  of  our  schools  with  projection  apparatus 
and  began  our  course.  This  consisted  of  a  geographical  and 
historical  series.  In  geography  we  showed  them  scenic  pictures 
of  their  native  lands  and  then,  for  comparison,  similar  scenes  in 
the  United  States.  Our  land,  its  great  lakes,  mountains,  and 
rivers,  its  vast  area,  its  great  beauty  spots,  its  wonderful  indus- 
trial centers,  its  immense  agricultural  stretches — none  of  these 
things  can  be  as  well  taught  (particularly  to  an  optience  limited 
in  its  EInglish)  as  through  the  motion  picture.  We  were  develop- 
ing in  them  an  admiration  for  America  eventually  to  become 
true  love  of  country. 

8 


the  reaction  was  excellent.  Such  pictures  as  My  Own  United 
States,  Martyrs  of  the  Alamo,  Paul  Revere's  Ride,  Betsey  Ross, 
The  Landing  of  Columbus,  The  Message  to  Garcia,  etc.,  went  won- 
derfully well.  These  pictures  made  history  and  geography  ac- 
tually a  live  study  for  the  boys  and  girls  and  served  the  dual 
purpose  of  furnishing  a  live  interest  and  a  living  subject. 

Our  board  of  education  early  realized  the  value  of  this  work 
and  began  to  equip  our  schools  with  apparatus.  Our  fourteen 
public  schools  now  have  four  Simplex  machines,  one  Power,  four 
Graphoscopes,  and  two  portable  machines. 

Four  Reel  Instructional  Programs 

This  year  we  have  introduced  a  complete  course  in  geography, 
some  history,  some  science,  and  a  lot  of  health,  sanitation,  safety 
first,  and  fire  prevention  films.  These  pictures  are  grouped  in 
four  reel  programs  and  are  shown  in  all  the  schools  to  the 
upper  three  grades  at  the  one  time.    A  printed  program  is  given 


to  each  teacher  a  week  in  advance  so  that  she  may  prepare  the 
students  in  her  class  by  giving  them  the  necessary  background  for 
the  picture.  In  many  cases  a  list  of  queslioiis  on  the  picture 
is  furnished  the  teacher  so  that  the  students  will  have  somelhing 
definite  to  look  for  in  the  picture. 

In  order  to  prepare  ihese  the  writer  has  reviewed  most  of  the 
pictures  shown  in  the  schools.  The  difficulty  of  course  arises 
where  we  are  showing  a  picture  on  Africa  when  not  all  the  stu- 
dents are  studying  ihat  topic  at  that  time.  We  find,  however,  that 
they  retain  the  picture  in  their  minds  Snd  profit  by  it  nevertheless. 
Of  course  the  ideal  scheme  would  be  lo  show  each  class  its  pic- 
tures to  correspond  wiih  the  topic  being  covered  by  the  class  at 
the  time.  The  cost  of  rental  of  film  is  too  high  at  present  to 
permit  this.  The  time  will  eventually  come,  fiowever.  when  a 
board  of  education  will  buy  outright  a  film  course  in  the  different 
subjects  as  it  now  buys  its  textbooks  and  then  each  class  will  be 
able  to  use  its  own  films  in  the  ideal  way. 


as  a  means  of  raising  money  for  its  athletic  team,  but  this  has 
nothing  lo  do  wilh  the  film  education  program. 

When  we  first  began  our  educational  projirams  we  proposed 
cooperation  to  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  For  about  six  months  we  worked 
our  programs  together  but  finally  gave  it  up.  This  is  due  to  the 
fact  tha;  the  \  desires  primarily  eiiteiiaininj;  programs,  whereas 
the  public  schools  desire  lo  use  only  programs  for  instructional 
purposes,  tor  the  past  two  years  the  public  schools  have  been 
doing  this  work  wiihoul  any  assistance  from  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 

The  question  uppermost  in  the  minds  of  all  educators  is  nat- 
urally that  of  the  educational  value  of  this  new  instrument  of 
learning.  A\  e,  in  Bayonne,  have  been  using  the  motion  picture 
for  three  years  and  have  found  it  a  great  aid.  The  time  is  coming, 
however,  when  the  picture  will  prove  to  be  the  greatest  essential. 

Coming — Educational  Films  By  Educators 
There  are  but  few  really  educational  pictures  available.    Most 


^I^ 


A  UDITORIUM 
-^*of  Washington 
School.  Bayonne. 
New  .1  e  r  s  e  y  , 
equipped  with 
fireproof  operat- 
ing h<K>th  and 
modern  motion 
picture  projectors. 
Note  the  wide 
aisles  and  large 
gl.iss    sliyiights. 


Trained  Opkrator  in  Each  School 
The  question  of  operating  the  machines  furnished  quite  a  prob- 
lem at  first.  To  solve  this  we  selected  one  man  in  each  school, 
either  the  janitor,  his  assistant,  or  a  male  teacher,  and  had  him 
trained  to  operate  the  machine.  We  now  have  a  trained  operator 
in  each  school  whom  we  do  not  have  to  pay. 

We  obtained  our  pictures  from  many  sources.  At  first  we  made 
use  of  the  Community  Motion  Picture  Bureau  almost  entirely. 
Gradually  as  we  became  more  familiar  with  the  motion  picture 
field  we  began  "shopping  around"  in  the  different  exchanges 
and  made  use  of  the  many  free  pictures  available.  At  the  present 
time  nearly  all  the  motion  picture  companies  have  established 
"non-theatrical  departments"  to  cater  to  schools,  etc.,  and  the 
prospective  user  of  films  has  but  to  notify  them  of  his  desire  for 
information  on  films  and  all  they  can  offer  are  at  his  disposal. 
Entertainment  Programs  Also 
We  charge  no  admission  to  the  motion  picture  shows  being 
given  under  the  auspices  of  the  Bayonne  schools.  An  individual 
school  will  frequently  use  an  entertaining  motion  picture  show 


of  them  are  commercial  pictures  produced  for  theatrical  use  or 
advertising  purposes  and  then,  rehashed  and  retitled,  are  widely 
advertised  as  new  educational  pictures.  The  time  is  soon  to  be  at 
hand  when  pictures  will  be  produced  and  edited  by  educators  for 
educational  purposes  only.  These  pictures  will  have  all  the 
content  to  be  transmitted  and  will  also  have  enough  of  the  interest 
element  in  them  to  attract  and  hold  the  child.  Each  classroom 
will  be  equipped  with  a  small  motor-driven  projector  operated 
by  the  teacher  from  a  point  near  the  board  so  that  she  can  oper- 
ate the  machine  and  use  a  pointer  at  the  same  time.  These  pro- 
jectors should  be  equipped  with  such  lights  that  by  stopping  the 
motor  the  teacher  will  be  able  to  get  a  still  picture  and  spend  a 
few  minutes  in  driving  some  point  home.  Pictures  will  have  to 
be  produced  so  cheaply  that  a  board  of  education  will  be  able  to 
buy  outright  complete  courses  in  different  subjects  for  use  in 
the  classrooms.  Then  only  will  the  picture  be  used  effectively. 
The  educator  is  going  to  find  the  motion  picture  a  great  aid  in 
his  work  and  the  educational  field  is  a  large  and  fertile  field  of 
enterprise  for  the  picture  producing  industry. 


MOVIES  A  VITAL  FORCE  IN  UNIVERSITY  EDUCATION 

(Continued  from  page  7) 

with  the  conservation  and  survey  division  which  has  charge  of 
motion  pictures  in  the  state. 

Motion  picture  studios — virtually  working  laboratories — will 
shortly  follow  the  introduction  of  movies  in  the  classroom.  Some 
institutions  must  depend  at  present  on  auditoriums  for  the  show- 
ing of  pictures  or  local  theaters.  Courses  in  visual  instruction 
no  doubt  will  demand,  or  should  do  so,  laboratories  for  trying 
out  the  student's  photographic  attempts,  his  scenarios,  ideas  for 
grouping,  lighting,  etc.  A  thousand-and-one  demands  will  pre- 
sent themselves  for  a  motion  picture  studio  as  a  laboratory  on 
every  campus  in  the  near  future.  Several  men  of  university  stand- 
ing have  predicted  that  the  motion  picture  and  the  studio,  its 
adjunct,  is  the  next  step  in  university  education. 

Films  Help  Teach  Speech,  Gesture,  Action 

Growth  of  the  modern  educational  motion  picture  conscience 
may  be  observed  at  the  University  of  Iowa,  possibly  typical  of 
midwestern  tendencies  in  respect  to  this  new  movement  in  higher 
education.  Professor  Glenn  H.  Merry,  head  of  the  department  of 
speech  at  the  University  of  Iowa,  newly  elected  president  of  the 
Teachers  of  Speech  Association  of  the  United  States,  is  an  en- 
thusiastic believer  in  the  importance  of  the  motion  picture  as  a 
visual  aid  in  his  department.  Professor  Merry  has  used  the  clinic 
film  from  Goldwyn,  The  Human  Voice,  as  well  as  others  for 
his  classes. 

"The  one  great  thing  which  the  motion  picture  does,"  says  Pro- 
fessor Merry,  "is  to  show  things  functioning,  whereas  the  slide 
shows  only  location  and  static  conditions."  Plans  are  being  made 
by  this  department  to  make  still  further  use  of  the  film  in  the 
teaching  of  action  in  oratory,  reading,  and  dramatics,  and  in 
est£iblishing  standards  for  the  student. 

For  the  past  three  years  the  department  of  botany  at  the  same 
institution  has  been  carrying  on  a  conscious  and  consistent  cam- 
paign for  visual  education  especially  in  the  constant  use  of  photo- 
graphs in  the  classroom  and  elsewhere.  A  part  of  the  plan  has 
been  the  posting  of  photographs  on  the  bulletin  board  at  the 
entrance.  During  these  three  years  no  picture  has  been  repeated 
twice  in  a  given  year.  Placed  where  the  student's  attention  is 
caught  as  he  enters,  he  acquires  thus  a  wide  visual  horizon  of 
plant  life,  trees,  farm  homes,  grouping  and  kinds  of  trees,  street 
scenes,  lumbering  camps,  forests,  tropical  scenes,  etc. 

Professor  R.  B.  Wylie,  head  of  this  department,  and  secretary 
of  section  G  (botany)  of  the  American  Association  for  the  Ad- 
vancement of  Science,  thoroughly  believes  in  the  beneficial  effects 
of  such  education  as  is  offered  by  the  photograph,  the  slide,  and 
the  film,  all  three  of  which  are  utilized  as  seems  suitable  to  that 
whjch  it  is  required  the'  picture  should  show  and  the  student 
should  see.  Slides  are  considered  fine  by  Professor  Wylie  for 
first  presentation  of  habitat  relations  and  for  review,  but  enlarge- 
ments are  more  eEBcient.  "Motion  pictures,"  he  says,  "are  appli- 
cable to  microscopical  small  objects  and  show  in  a  few  moments 
in  proper  proportion  movements  in  plants  resulting  from  days 
or  weeks  of  growth.  They  show  in  proper  relation  the  movement 
of  parts." 

Reviewing  the  offerings  of  courses,  in  university  and  college, 
scarcely  one  could  be  pointed  out  which  could  not  be  supple- 
mented to  some  extent  and  with  some  benefit  by  the  motion  pic- 
ture. But  it  must  be  handled  with  judgment.  We  must  concede 
that  the  university  has  been  at  least  touched  by  this  modern 
revolutionary  movement  in  teaching — ^visualization. 


HOW  TO  USE  FILMS  IN  THE  SCHOOL 

(Continued  from  page  6) 
the  pupils  will  more  than  cover  the  necessary  expenses.  At  Pasa- 
dena we  expended  for  our  two  standard  motion  picture  projec- 
tion machines,  booth,  motor  generator,  stereopticon,  screen, 
wiring,  and  other  equipment  about  $2,000.  It  would  have  been 
much  more  but  for  the  fact  that  manual  arts  students  did  much 
of  the  work  under  the  supervision  of  their  teachers.  The  audi- 
torium in  the  high  school  seats  more  than  1,600.  The  local 
school  board  paid  not  more  than  $200  or  $300  toward  the  cost 
of  the  equipment;  the  remainder  was  paid  for  by  the  five  and 
ten  cent  admissions  of  the  students. 

At  Pasadena  High  School  the  work  was  taken  seriously, 
Therefore,  we  believed  in  getting  the  best  pictures  possible  for  the 
purpose  and  paying  the  regular  rentals  for  them.  We  would  nol 
run  old,  scratched,  or  "rainy"  prints;  we  took  only  what  the 
exchange  man  calls  "new  stuff."  Our  rentals  varied  from  $8 
to  $60  per  program,  the  cost  depending  upon  the  composition  oi 
the    program.  \ 

The  classical  programs  were  alternated  with  those  of  a  mixec 
kind,  in  the  latter  there  would  be  a  one  or  two  reel  drama  wit! 
a  well  defined  idea  or  purpose;  an  artistic  or  picturesque  scenic 
or  travel  film;  a  scientific  or  an  unusually  good  industrial  reel 
a  news,  topical,  or  screen  magazine  film;  and  a  clean,  wholesomi 
comedy,  the  comedy  always  coming  last  on  the  program  -th 
practice  of  any  good  showman.  . 

Real  Need  For  Cultural  Films 

General  cultural  film  programs  fill  a  very  important  plai f  i 
our  present  day  all  too  specialized  school  programs.  There  i 
a  real  need  for  a  source  of  general  information,  for  some  soi 
of  ethical  training,  for  instilling  high  ideals  and  a  love  for  th 
beautiful.  These  programs  are  invaluable  for  broadening  th 
mental  powers,  quickening  the  mental  energies,  and  developin 
the  character  in  general.  Practically  all  educators  who  have  ha 
experience" with  this  phase  of  visual  education  endgrse  the  pla 
and  advocate  its  general  adoption.  For  the  elementary  grades 
somewhat    different   selection    of    subjects,    perhaps,    should    1; 

(Continued  on  page  28) 

»■     SK" 
WHAT  IS  IT  TO  BE  EDUCATED? 

By  Fbancis  Gbeknwood  Peabody 


WTHY  does  one  devote  so  much  time  and  money  to  get  for  himself^ 
''     his  children  an  education?     What  is  left  of  one's  education  wl 
one  has  passed  from  school  or  college  to  the  absorbing  vocations  of  li 
Much  that  one  has  learned — dates,  facts,  languages — has  slipped  a' 
from  one's  mind  like  water  off  a  roof.    What  then  remains?     There 
mains,  if  education  has  been  wise,  a  mental  habit,  a  discipline  of  mi 
a  capacity  to  attack  new  problems  with  confidence,  a  larger  view 
things,  a  more  comprehensive  aim.     .\n  edurated  person  takes  comma 
of  new  situations  and  novel  undertakings,  as  an  officer  takes  comma 
of  his  troops.    And  how  is  it  that  this  capacity  to  coimnnnd  has  be 
developed?     It  is  reached  through  the  training  to  obey.     The  cducai 
mind  has  been  taught  by  greater  minns,  and  has  felt  the  authority 
greater  thoughts.     The  laws  of   nature,  the  masters  of  literature,  1 
great  achievements  of  science  or  art,  have  taught  one  reverence  and  u 
alty,  and  that  acceptance  of  intellectual  leadership  makes  one  in  i 
own  time  a  leader.    He  has  been  a  man  under  authority ;  and,  therefti 
when  his  own  education  comes  to  be  tested  he  becomes  a  man  haw 
authority,  to  whom  less  educated  minds  turn  as  to  one  who  is  fitte 
lead.     The  educated  man  stands  on  the  shoulders  of  the  past  am 
looks  farther  Into  the  future.    He  is  saved  from  repeating  old  misU 
by  knowing  what  the  past  has  learned  and  has  had  to  unlearn.    He 
not  have  to  begin  things;  he  is  able  to  start  with  the  momentum  ol 
past 


10 


EMOTIONAL   REACTIONS    TO    EDUCATIONAL  FILMS 

Some  Observations  on  the  Psychology  of  Motion  Picture  Appeal 

Which  May   Guide  Producers  and  Ebchibitors 

of  Instructional  Subjects 

By  Colin  N.  Bennett 


A  SUPERFICIAL  but  useful  classification  of  films  accord- 
ing to  their  appeal  to  spectators  would  be  to  divide  them 
into  those  which  appeal  chiefly  to  the  memory,  those 
which  appeal  to  the  intellect  and  those  which  appeal 
directly  to  the  emotions. 

Films  appealing  to  the  memory  first  and  foremost  are  the  great 
body  of  travel  films  and  geographical  subjects.  Many  of  these 
difi'er  only  from  the  ungarnished  memory  appeal  of  the  geog- 
raphy book  itself  inasmuch  as,  while  the  book  relies  solely  on 
large  black  type,  the  film  reinforces  this  with  pictorial  represen- 
tation of  localities  described.  Coming  to  films  appealing  to  the 
intellect,  a  typical  instance  of  these  is  the  industrial  film.  We 
are  shown  graphically  various  processes  in  baking  bread,  or 
weaving  cloth,  or  printing  a  newspaper.  On  the  surface  there  is 
nothing  emotional  in  watching  a  dough  mixer,  or  a  power  loom, 
or  a  rotary  printing  press.  Of  the  class  of  film  which  seeks  di- 
rectly to  arouse  our  emotions  there  is  no  need  to  give  any  detailed 
description  since  every  comedy  and  drama  in  existence  comes 
within  that  grouping. 

The  aim  of  educational  kinematography  is  to  provide  and  pro- 
ject films  having  as  their  chief  object  an  appeal  to  the  intellect 
and  memory  rather  than  one  made  simply  to  the  emotions.  This 
must  be  so  if  only  because  the  meaning  of  the  word  education 
is  a  leading  away  from  the  mind  from  mere  dependence  upon 
the  call  of  instinct  and  emotion  and  toward  reliance  upon  the 
power  of  intellect,  or  reason,  working  through  association,  or 
memory.  Yet,  while  we  quite  well  realize  this,  we  are  liable  to 
fall  into  a  serious  error  if  we  regard  the  superficial  grouping  of 
educational  films,  already  set  out,  as  though  it  were  an  actual 
fundamental  statement  of  truth,  and  not  just  a  convenient  work- 
ing arrangement.  Actually,  the  appeal  of  any  and  every  film 
is  in  essence  emotional.  Without  the  arousal  of  emotion  there 
could  be  no  attraction  or  interest  at  all,  simply  because  attrac- 
tion and  interest  are  essentially  emotional  activities.  They  are 
the  "affection"  of  the  psychologist  which  follows  upon  cognition, 
or  "attention,"  and  leads  up  to  "conation"  or  the  firing  of  the 
trigger  that  starts  bodily  action. 

Psychology  of  Attraction  and  Repulsion 

While  on  this  subject  of  the  analysis  of  intellectual  attraction, 
there  may  be  no  harm  in  turning  aside  a  moment  to  explain  a 
perfectly  common-sense  objection  to  what  has  been  written  above. 
The  objection  would  be  that  not  only  attraction  but  also  repulsion 
can  give  to  a  film  a  certain  gripping  power.  Admittedly  it  can, 
but  equally  certainly  repulsion  is  only  attraction  in  disguise.  It 
is  the  resultant  of  attraction  modified  by  disgust.  For  instance, 
a  very  young  child  will  go  through  a  phase  of  liking  to  pick  up 
and  eat  dirty  or  injurious  substances.  Doing  this  brings  upon 
it  punishment,  or  illness,  with  the  result  that  a  counter  emotion 
of  disgust  arises  cmd  turns  the  infantile  attraction  into  repulsion. 
In  the  same  way,  small  children  are  habitually  cruel  until  this 
elementary  blood  lust  is  extinguished  through  the  counter  action 
of  self-disgust  arising  through  loss  of  parental  favor  and  through 
parental  punishment.  At  the  same  time  disgust  has  this  about  it, 
that  it  can  be  more  or  less  easily  worn  out.    Once  it  is  worn  out 


for  any  particular  repulsion,  that  repulsion  turns  back  again,  and 
becomes  an  attraction  once  more. 

There  we  see  one  excellent  reason  why  any  exhibition  of 
cruelty  on  the  motion  picture  screen,  or  any  tendency  to  depict 
a  debased  attitude  toward  life  and  its  problems,  should  not  be 
tolerated,  especially  in  films  shown  to  young  people.  A  too  often 
quoted  excuse  of  the  general  exhibitor  that  an  objectionable  film 
is  "only  a  comedy  subject,"  is  thoroughly  vicious,  inasmuch  as 
the  natural  will  to  happiness  in  all  of  us  predisposes  us  to  ac- 
cept all  the  more  quickly  a  point  of  view  which  carries  with  it 
a  laugh.  For  the  same  reason  the  possibilities  of  widespread 
evil  example  in  tragedy  films  are  greatly  overrated.  For  these 
films  strike  no  highly  sympathetic  chord  in  the  emotional  make- 
up of  a  normal  person.  On  the  other  hand  they  will,  h^re  and 
there,  be  witnessed  by  people  of  sadistic  tendencies,  in  whom 
the  cruelty  lust  is  over-highly  developed,  and  these  people  may 
'be  incited,  through  imitation,  to  doing  harm  to  themselves  or 
others. 

Recently  there  was  an  instance  of  this  in  England.  An  es- 
caped suicidal  maniac  from  a  neighboring  lunatic  asylum 
entered  a  picture  theater  where,  as  ill-luck  would  have  it,  a  film 
was  being  shown  which  depicted  the  self-destruction  of  a  woman 
driven  frantic  by  grief.  When  the  woman  in  the  photoplay 
killed  herself  the  lunatic  calmly  produced  a  razor  and  pro- 
ceeded there  and  then  to  cut  his  own  throat.  An  incident  of 
this  kind  should  not  be  brushed  aside  as  not  worth  considera- 
tion on  the  ground  that  the  man  was  mad.  On  the  contrary,  it  is 
well  worth  consideration  by  all  those  wishful  to  understand  the 
influence  of  fiilms  upon  the  human  mind,  for  it  set  forward  an 
textreme  example  of  the  influence  possessed  by  all  films  upon  all 
people  in  greater  or  less  degree. 

Importance  of  Well  Directed  Thought  in  Film 

Having,  then,  seen  how  easily  a  misdirected  film  may  influence 
toward  misdirected  thought,  or  action,  we  shall  be  the  better  able 
to  estimate  the  importance  of  instilling  ihto  educational  films 
as  part  and  parcel  of  their  intellectual  appeal  a  strong  concom- 
itant emotional  set  toward  action  of  the  right  sort.  They  must 
not  only  inform,  but  must  also  "pull  the  trigger"  which  will 
set  the  mind  wishing.  For  instance,  if  the  film  is  a  geography 
lesson,  it  must  be  so  framed  as  to  make  the  scholar  who  watches 
it  think  to  himself,  "I  wish  I  could  go  to  that  place,"  or — which 
is  the  same  thing — "I  wish  I  knew  more  about  that  place,  and 
I'm  glad  I  have  had  the  chance  of  learning  what  I  now  know." 
In  an  industrial  film  the  operation  shown  on  the  screen  must 
cause  the  scholar  to  say  to  himself,  "I  wish  I  could  see  the 
actual  machine  at  work.  Already  I  understand  the  operation 
fairly  well,  but  then  I  should  understand  it  still  better."  And 
don't  let  us  imagine  that  the  same  receptive  state  of  mind,  or  one 
approaching  it,  will  be  brought  about  by  the  class  master  stand- 
ing up  and  bawling  out  something  after  this  style:  "Attention. 
Scholars  are  to  remember  at  all  stages  of  the  film  to  try  to 
imagine  themselves  in  the  actual  factory.  They  are  to  ask 
themselves  frequently,  if  they  fully  grasp  what  they  are  seeing. 
Later  on  they  will  have  to  explain  it  in  a  home  exercise." 
(Continued  on  page  28) 

U 


LITERATURE 


"OUR  MUTUAL  FRIEND"  AN  OLD  MASTER  OF  THE  SCREEN 


The  Immortal   Humor   and   Characterizations  of  Charles   Dickens' 
Classic  Live  Again  in  This  Movie  Gem 

'  By  Dolph  Eastman 

A  young  writer  in  the  staid,  ultra  conservative  Atlantic  Monthly  recently  affirmed  that  the  motion  picture  was  an  industry, 
not  an  art;  that  per  se  it  could  never  be  an  art.  That  caustic  yet  ill-considered  article  was  written  and  published  before  the 
photoplay  Our  Mutual  Friend  was  exhibited  in  New  York  City  at  one  of  the  leading  theaters.  I  wonder  whether  Mr.  Rascoe 
has  yet  seen  this  picture.  Even  a  mind  as  immature  and  a  critical  judgment  as  little  informed  as  his  might  yield  to  the  charm 
of  this  film — a  veritable  old  master  of  the  screen. 

Whether  or  not  you  like  Charles  Dickens — whether,  with  Arnold  Bennett,  you  regard  him  as  a  second-rater  in  literature  or  you 
place  him  among  the  great — you  cannot  deny  the  place  which  Dickens  holds  in  the  hearts  of  the  multitude.    The  novel  on  which  this 

picture  is  based  was  extremely  popular  for  years,  and  is 

still    widely-read,   its   popularity   being   due   not   only   to 

the  complex  construction  of  the  double  plot  in  which  in- 
terest is  sustained  to  the  end  but  to  its  unfailing  hunior 

and  delightful  characterizations.     The  finest  tribute  I  can 

pay  to  the  author  and  director  of  this  film  is  to  say  that 

the  spirit  and  the  substance  of  the  original  tale  have  been 

marvel ou sly  preserved;  the  theme  gains  rather  than  suffers 

from   being  translated  into  pictures;    and  the  verboseness 

and  prosiness  which  is  the  chief  fault  of  most  Victorian 

novelists  is  not  there  to  plague  the  spectator. 

If   Charles    Dickens   himself   had    written    the    scenario 

and    continuity,  cast    the    players,    selected    the    interiors 

and    exteriors,    directed,   assembled,   and   cut   the   film,   it 

would  probably  have  been  no  better  and  might  have  been 

worse  than  this  production.  Both  theatrical  and  non- 
theatrical  exhibitors  in  this  country  owe  a  debt  of  grati- 
tude to  the  producers .  and  distributors  of  this  movie  gem. 

Pray  let  us  have  more  like  it — and  soon. 

Those  who  know  their  Dickens  will  of  course  recall  the 

theme — that  the  possession   of  money  may  be  a  liability 

instead  of  an  asset;   that  money  frequently  brings  to   its 

owners  meanness  and  unhappiness;  and  that  love,  friend- 
ship, self-forgetfulness,  and  helpfulness  to  others  are  worth 

all  the  gold  in  the  world.     This  lesson,  needed  even  more 

now  than  in  the  period  of  1860,  is  well  emphasized  and 

sustained  in  the  picture.    The  comedy  sc'enes,  "like  those  of 

the  book,  are  rich  in  Dickensian  humor.     The  characters 

are  admirably  portrayed  and  on  the  screen  seem  to  have 

stepped  from  the  very  pages  of  the  novel.    The  costuming, 

the  settings,  the  lighting  and  the  photography  for  the  most 

part  all  contribute  to  a  harmonious  piece  of  work  which  is 

rare  in  the  filming  of  a  literary  classic. 

Do    yola    remember   John    Rokesmith    and    pretty   Bella 

Wilfer,  old  Silas  Wegg  and  "Pa"  Wilier,  Mr.  Venus  and  the 

Boffins?    How  Gafl'er  Hexam  found  the  dead  body  of  a  man, 

a  certain  John  Harmon,  according   to  the  papers   in  his 

clothing — the  body  was  floating  in  the  Thames.     Hexam 

knew,  or  thought  he  knew,  that  the  dead  man  was  the  son  of 

an  old  miser,  Harmon,  and  that  the  boy  was  to  inherit  a 

great  fortune  if  he  married  Bella  Wilfer,  who  was  a  child  of 

four  when  the  will  was  made.  In  the  event  that  the  marriage 

was  not  fulfilled,  the  fortune  was  to  go  to  Boffin,  Harmon's 

old  faithful  servant. 


•^^\j-  ^  i; 


And  then  the  delightful  story  runs  on.  Lawyer  Lightwood, 
who  handles  the  inheritance  case,  calls  to  inspect  the  body,  and 
falls  in  love  with  Hexam's  daughter,  Lizzie.  A  stranger  comes 
to  see.     He  gives  the  name  of  Julius  Handford,  and  disappears. 

He  changes  his  name  again.  Now,  as  John  Rokesmith,  he 
obtains  a  position  as  secretary  to  Mr.  Boffin,  who  now  inherits 
John  Harmon's  millions.  Feeling  obligated  to  Bella  Wilfer,  Bof- 
fin and  his  wife  bring  her  to  the  palatial  home  to  enjoy  some  of 
the  fortune. 

Rokesmith  (but  don't  try  to  think  who  he  really  is)  is  soon 
deeply  in  love  with  Bella,  but  to  his  regret  discovers  that  she 
is  just  as  haughty  and  desirous  of  money  as  she  is  beautiful. 

Boffin  engages  Silas  Wegg,  known  as  "the  literary  man  with  a 
wooden  leg"  to  read  to  him. 


Boffin  has  offered  a  large  reward  fo.  the  solution  of  the  Harmon 
murder  ,and  here  is  where  Rogue  Riderhood  steps  in — remember 
the  old  scoundrel?  Hexam,  accused,  drowns  himself,  and  Lizzie 
goes  to  live  with  Jenny  Wren,  a  doUmaker  who  "treats  sick  dolls 
in  their  domiciles." 

But  old  Silas  Wegg,  our  peg-legged  funny  fellow,  and  his 
good  friend  Mr.  Venus,  the  skeleton  maker,  evolve  a  plan  to 
blackmail  old  Boffin.  The  story  ends  with  the  murder  mystery 
cleared  iji  a  most  amazing  manner  through  the  appearance  of 
John  Harmon;  and  Silas  Wegg's  financial  operations  come  to  a 
sudden  end. 

Our  Mutual  Friend.  Distributed  by  The  Diclcens  Filmcraft,  1540  Broadway, 
New  York  City.  Prints  available  throughout  the  United  States.  Full  information 
at  above-mentioned  address. 


.loHV    KdKF.SMfTH 

Iland.sonie.    young,   much   in   love  and  en- 
tangled   in    a   mystery   to   which   he   alone 
holds  the  answer 


Bella  Wii.fkr 
A   h;iii!rlity   hcauiy   spoiled    by  wealth   who 
had  to  be  tamed  before  learning  to  love 


Silas    Wf-Cg 

"The  lllerary  man  with  the  wooden   leg"; 

blackguard  and  as  Invcablp  a  scoundrel  as 

you  ever  met 


HOW  WE  DO  IT  IN  THE  NEWARK  SCHOOLS 
By  a.  G.  Balcolm 

In  charge  of   Visual  Instruction   in  the  Newark.  N.   J..   Schools 

THERE  is  no  cut-and-dried  way  of  using  films  in  the  class- 
room.    In  Newark  we  have  been  using  films  for  years  and 
we    are    still    experimenting.      Our   experiments    have    con- 
vinced me  that  the  film  has  tremendous  teaching  possibilities. 

We  make  definite  preparation  for  the  screen  lesson  and  then' 
discuss  .the  film  after  it  has  been  shown.  We  have  found  that 
when  we  show  a  film  twice  there  is  usually  more  interest  in  the 
second  showing  than  in  the  first.  Teachers  have  also  found  that 
in  showing  a  film  only  once  a  wrong  first  impression  was  some- 
times created  which  had  to  be  corrected. 

Another  experiment  we  have  made  has  been  to  show  only 
200  feet  of  film  at  a  time,  stop  and  discuss  the  part  shown;  then 
show  200  feet  more  and  discuss  it.  This  has  proved  a  very 
satisfactory  method.  In  such  a  film  as  the  Peters  textfilm  on 
China  there  is  so  much  material  that  it  is  well  to  stop  after 
each  section — after  the  scenes  of  the  historic  wall  in  order  to 
discuss  the  history  of  China;  then  the  industries,  transportation, 
labor,  the  principal  cities  and  rivers. 

We  have  had  the  children  write  compositions  on  the  films 
shown  in  the  classroom  and  have  found  that  the  effect  of  in- 
formation gained  through  the  film  as  compared  with  information 
gained  from  other  sources  is  more  vivid,  more  realistic,  more 
lasting,  and  that  they  can  write  about  it  more  clearly.     Their 


English  improves  and  because  they  know  their  subject  they  can 
express  themselves  the  more  easily.  It  is  practically  impossible 
for  the  child  to  learn  the  atnjosphere  of  a  country  or  its  indus- 
tries through  reading  as  through  moLion  pictures. 

Having  studied  visual  education  in  many  of  its  varied  phases 
I  am  convinced,  though  educators  may  differ  with  me  on  this 
point,  that  all  knowledge  is  fimdamentally  based  on  visual 
images;  that  differences  in  mentality  can  be  accounted  for  in 
ability  to  recall  visual  images;  and  that,  in  the  mind  of  the 
child,  the  great  majority  of  all  ideas  come  through  visual 
images. 

There  is  no  doubt  whatever  that  films  shown  in  the  classroom 
stimulate  reading.  Librarians  have  noticed  a  marked  increase 
in  the  demand  for  classics  and  books  of  travel  from  school  chil- 
dren after  the  showing  of  such  films  in  the  clasrooms. 

NEW  EYES  FOR  BOYS  AND  GIRLS 

IJy  Fraxki.ix  K.  I.ane 
A  LL  progress  is  based  on  curiosity.  Only  to  tlie  inquiring  mind  does 
■'^  enliplittnment  come,  and  tiiere  can  be  no  such  thing  as  education 
which  is  regardiess  of  those  things  that  immediately  surround  us — the 
earth,  the  vegetables,  the  fiowers,  the  trees,  the  rocks,  the  birds,  the 
streams,  the  animals,  the  slties,  and  those  machines  through  which  the 
forces  of  nature  work.  I  am  conscious  every  <lay  of  the  defects  in  roy 
early  education,  for  I  should  have  been  taught,  first  of  all,  not  tec-hnical 
l)otany,  but  the  nature  of  plants,  the  difference  between  plant.s,  and  the 
nature  of  the  layers  of  the  earth,  and  the  difference  between  them,  and 
all  those  other  things  that  would  make  a  walk  or  a  drive  a  constant 
panorama  of  delight.  As  it  is,  I  have  walked  through  the  world  almost 
blindfolded.  Our  program  is  to  give  new  eyes  to  boys  and  girls,  and 
men  and  women. 


13 


HOW  ONE  CHURCH  CAPITALIZES  MOVIES   ON  SUNDAY  NIGHTS 

This  Pastor  Does  Not  Make  Speeches  or  Write  Protests  against 

Sunday  Night  Movies  in  the  Theaters  but  Uses  Them  in 

His  Church,  and  with  Great  Success 

By  Rev.  Herbert  C.  Ide 

Pastor   Congregationalist   Cliurcli,    Redlands,    Cal.* 


BEFORE  beginning  the  use  of  movies  about  two  years 
ago  we  had  a  perfectly  respectable  and  conventional  sec- 
ond service,  about  as  well  attended  and  enthusiastic  as 
they  usually  are.  Part  of  the  year  it  was  a  vesper  service 
and  the  rest  of  the  year  in  the  evening.  Our  people  are  widely 
scattered  over  a  large  territory  and  many  who  came  faithfully 
to  Sunday  school  and  morning  service  found  attendance  at  an- 
other service  difficult.  An  occasional  special  program  or  a  fine 
musical  service  brought  out  a  good  number.  At  other  times  we 
urged  the  saints  to  stand  by  the  ship  and  everybody  felt  about  as 
( heerful  over  the  result  as  they  usually  do  when  that  is  the  only 
tiling  left  to  do. 

A  Reugious  Service  With  Pictures  An  Accessory 

Then  we  took  up  motion  pictures.  We  have  never  allowed 
our  service  to  become  a  "show."  It  remains  a  religious  service 
in  which  pictures  are  only  an  accessory.  The  service  is  speeded 
up  a  little  and  lengthened  a  little.  But  choir  work,  hymns, 
Bible  reading  and  prayer  are  not  slighted.  The  talk  has  been  as 
direct,  forceful,  and  carefully  prepared  as  the  preacher  can 
make  it.  Often  it  costs  him  more  than  the  morning  sermon, 
though  it  may  be  only  from  ten  to  fifteen  minutes  long.  Any- 
how old  folks  listen  with  respect  and  young  folks  sit  still. 

And  there  are  young  folks  now.  There  didn't  use  to  be — 
except  an  occasional  swain  and  his  best  girl.  There  are  all 
Muts  of  folks  there  now  whom  we  never  saw  before.  They  come 
with  their  children  by  the  hand,  hardly  knowing  how  to  behave 
in  church.  At  first  awkward  and  looking  a  bit  suspicious,  they 
liave  gotten  accustomed  and  feel  a  keen  personal  interest  now. 
Some  have  also  annexed  the  morning  service.  But  in  any  case 
we  have  a  new  constituency  at  our  second  service,  and  an  at- 
tendance several  times  as  large  as  formerly.  A  lot  of  people  are 
f-'ctting  the  church  habit  and  are  sharing  in  a  real  religious 
-irvice,  who  were  little  interested  before. 

Two  OR  Three  Reels  Every  Sunday  Night 

We  use  two  or  three  reels  a  night  and  they  are  very  carefully 
sf^lected.  No  detail  of  the  arrangements  is  slighted.  After  many 
experiments  we  have  now  settled  down  to  getting  our  pictures 
through  a  motion  picture  service  which  has  grown  up  in  Southern 
California  and  serves  many  churches  which  are  doing  as  we 
are.  An  expert,  a  former  minister  and  "Y"  man,  manages  it 
and  makes  a  living  for  himself  while  serving  us  well.  He  picks 
out  of  a  mass  the  best  available  for  our  use  and  arranges  booking 
and  shipment. 

Imagination,  resourcefulness,  alertness  and  adaptability  on 
I  lie  part  of  the  minister  are  necessary  if  such  a  service  is  to  suc- 


'  In   TKe  CongreeatUmati$t. 


ceed  and  leave  the  right  impression.  But  we  feel  it  is  worth 
while.  Some  day  when  just  the  right  sort  of  pictures  are  avail- 
able in  sufficient  quantity — and  that  day  is  rapidly  approaching 
— the  appeal  through  the  eye-gate  as  well  as  eargate  will  be  made 
by  many  churches  which  now  look  askance.  Then  the  "prob- 
lem" of  the  second  service  will  be  solved. 

Movies  a  Great  Joy  to  Discouraged  Churches 

Many  will  find  the  old  method  more  congenial  and  will  con- 
tinue to  use  it.  If  adequate  results  can  be  achieved  that  way,  very 
well.  But  where  they  are  not,  it  will  be  a  great  joy  to  many 
heretofore  discouraged  ministers  and  churches  to  have  a  congre- 
gation, and  to  perform  a  real  mission  where  now  they  can  only 
go  through  the  motions.  We  do  not  regard  the  pictures  just  as 
a  life  saver,  nor  as  mere  bait,  but  as  a  legitimate  means  of  teach- 
ing religion  and  creating  the  atmosphere  of  Christian  living. 


THE  POPE  AND  THE  MOVIES 

QHALLOW  critics  may  at  first  miss  the  true  import  of  the 
^  Vatican's  approval  and  formal  endorsement  of  motion  pic- 
tures. The  first  film  display  in  the  Vatican's  history  was  recently 
given  in  Consistorial  Hall  before  an  assemblage  of  church  digni- 
taries, including  the  late  Pope  Benedict.  It  was  a  reproduction  of 
a  "Young  Catholic"  demonstration,  and  the  pontiff  is  said  to  have 
pronounced  his  blessing  upon  "the  progress  of  the  motion  picture 
science  as  directed  toward  the  moral  uplift  and  advancement 
of  humanity." 

Some  may  attempt  to  deduce  from  this  incident  an  indiscrim- 
inate lifting  of  the  ban  on  all  classes  of  films  by  Catholic  teach- 
ers and  moralists.  Doubtless,  nothing  is  farther  from  the  truth. 
It  is  the  degradation  of  the  movies  that  has  received  and  will 
continue  to  receive  the  uncompromising  hostility  of  those  whose 
lives  are  devoted  to  the  moral  uplift. 

The  significance  of  Pope  Benedict's  blessing  on  the  movies  lies 
in  the  recognition,  as  other  far-seeing  educators  have  expressed  it, 
of  the  film's  possibilities  as  an  educational  and  moral  factor  in 
human  life.  In  modern  Sunday  schools,  chautauquas,  and  even 
in  foreign  mission  fields  the  film  is  now  an  essential  factor. 
The  time  is  not  far  distant,  probably,  when  its  use  will  become 
universal  in  secular  schools.  Nothing  else  in  modern  science  has 
brought  about  a  more  rapid  readjustment  of  educational  values. 

The  most  conservative  religious  organization  on  eartli  hails 
one  of  the  youngest  among  modern  sciences  as  a  helper  in  the 
eternal  warfare  against  ignorance  and  sin.  From  that  starting- 
point  there  may  be  a  gradual  discovery  that  the  motion  picture 
industry  is  only  in  its  infancy  of  development,  and  that  the 
entertainment  of  pleasure-mad  millions  is  not  the  film's  only  or 
supreme  mission. — Chicago  Journal. 


14 


EDUCATIONAL  FILM  NEWS  FROM  GERMANY 

By  Hans  Pander 

Special  Correspondent  of  Educational  Film   Magazinb 


T 


Berun,  Germany,  January  25,  1922. 
HE  "Zentralinstitut  fiir  Erziehung  und  Unterricht"  (Ber- 
lin) together  with  the  "Bayerischer  Verband  zur  Forder- 
ung  des  Lichtbildwesens  in  Erziehung  and  Unterricht, 
E.  V."  (Munich)  recently  held,  at  Munich,  the  second 
Bildwoche."  It  was  a  crowded  congress  of  school  authorities 
.and  manufacturers  of  educational  films.  Lectures,  discussions, 
and  showing  of  educational  films  as  well  as  courses  on  the  techni- 
cal side  of  cinematography  formed  the  program  of  this  import- 
ant meeting. 

During  the  "Nordische  Woche"  held  at  the  town  hall  of  Lubec, 
Dr.  Volger  directed  a  great  so-called  "Filmschau."  Many  Ger- 
man and  Scandinavian  non-theatrical  films  were  exhibited,  in- 
cluding a  new  mountaineering  film  of  the  "Bergund  Sport-Film- 
Gesellschaft"  of  Freiburg,  entitled  In  Sturm  und  Eis  (In  Storm 
and  Ice),  showing  a  most  dangerous  ascent  from  the  Betempshiitte 
over  the  Lys  glacier  to  the  Lyskamm  (height  nearly  14,000  feet) 
and  containing  marvelous  landscape  pictures.  Also  was  screened, 
a  film  by  the  Laokoon  Film  Society,  Munich,  showing  the  Wal- 
chensee  power  plant,  and  a  picture  by  the  Landesverein  fiir  Volks- 
wohlfahrt  in  Hanover,  Malchen,  die  Unschuld  vom  Lande,  dealing 
with  hygienic  matters  disguised  as  a  dramatic  story.  Among  the 
Scandinavian  pictures  were  some  wonderful  landscapes,  and  a 
film  on  paper  manufacture  is  worth  mentioning. 

A  German  "Battle  of  Jutland" 

Korvettenkapitan  Otto  Groos  has  completed  a  great  film  about 
the  battle  of  Jutland.  In  this  film  he  made  use  of  the  official 
reports  of  the  German  as  well  as  the  British  admiralty  staffs.  For 
getting  the  graphic  trick  scenes  about  10,000  single  phases. have 
been  necessary.  Most  of  the  leaders  have  been  selected  from 
Admiral  Scheer's  report  to  the  former  Kaiser. 

At  Zurich,  in  the  new  building  of  the  Eidgenossiches  Polytech- 
nikum  a  special  department  for  scientific  motion  pictures  will 
be  installed. 

During  the  winter  the  Swizzerland  Volskino,  Bern,  together 
with  the  Swiss  Red  Cross,  will  show  at  all  important  places  in 
Swizzerland  motion  pictures  in  connection  with  lectures,  dealing 
with  tuberculosis,  venereal  diseases,  care  of  infants,  cancer,  etc. 
The  total  number  of  these  performances  will  reach  several  hun- 
dreds. 

At  Zurich  in  the  Kunstgewerbeschule  a  notable  scientific  film 
by  Halierkorn  was  shown  for  the  first  time,  describing  the  in- 
vention, the  technic,  and  practical  handling  of  the  world-known 
■'Metallspritzverfahren"  invented  by  Schoop.  This  film,  short- 
Jned,  will  be  run  in  the  United  States. 

Under  the  direction  of  Professor  Dr.  Korff  the  Laokoon  Film 
Society,  Munich,  has  produced  a  fine  agricultural  film  for  propa- 
ganda purposes.  • 

Official  Catalog  of  2,000  Educational  Films 
The  Reichsfilmstelle,  a  department  of  the  Reichsministerium 
les  Innern  (Home  Ministry)  has  published  an  official  catalog  of 
ill  German  educational  films,  containing  nearly  2,000  different 
luhjects.  The  second  edition  of  Deulig's  (Deutsche  Lichtbild- 
jesellschaft)  list  of  educational  and  entertainment  pictures,  which 

15 


has  just  been  published,  contains  about  500  films,  while  the  first 
edition,  which  appeared  in  1918,  contained  only  110. 

The  lUustrierte  Filmwoche,  a  Berlin  weekly,  publishes  a  six- 
teen-page weekly  special  supplement  dealing  with  educational 
films  and  motion  pictures  for  juveniles. 

Brunsvig  (town)  has  founded  an  association  which  will  show 
three  times  a  week  educational  films  in  a  rented  motion  picture 
theater. 

In  the  Berlin-Friedenau  Schulkino  Engineer  Haehnle  showed 
for  the  first  time  some  remarkable  films  of  the  Society  for  the 
Protection  of  Birds,  Stuttgart.  These  films  are  nature  documents 
which  will  preserve  forever  living  pictures  of  animals  which 
will  soon  become  extinct  in  Germany,  such  as  the  moose  deer,  the 
sea  eagle,  and  the  heron;  or  have  already  become  extinct,  like 
the  wisent,  which,  in  the  forest  of  Bialowies,  was  protected  by 
the  German  authorities  during  the  German  occupation. 

School  Societies  Active  in  Many  Towns 

Otto  Glaesner,  chief  manager  of  "Maerkisches  Wandertheater 
der  Gesellschaft  fiir  Volksbildung,"  has  developed  a  plan  for 
founding  a  society  with  the  object  of  spreading  educational  mo- 
tion pictures  together  with  the  authorities,  magistrates,  minis- 
tries, etc. 

The  annual  report  of  the  "Gesellschaft  fiir  Volksbildung," 
which  has  just  been  issued,  states  that  in  the  year  1920-21  the 
society  had  donated  422  motion  picture  projectors  and  1,905 
films. 

The  motion  picture  committee  of  several  towns  in  the  coal  and 
iron  district — Solingen,  Ohligs,  Hoehscheid,  Greifswald  and 
Wals — founded  an  "Arbeitsgemeinschaft  fiir  Jugendlichtspiele" 
which  has  given  motion  picture  projectors  to  several  schools 
of  that  district. 

In  Zurich  a  "Genoseenschaft  fiir  erzieherische  Volkslichtspiele" 
has  been  established  whose  purpose  is  to  spread  knowledge  and 
instruction  among  people  by  aid  of  motion  pictures. 

At  Hamburg  the  new  "Kultur-Film-Gesellschaft''  has  shown 
motion  pictures  dealing  with  zoology,  geography,  sociology,  and 
sport  during  the  "Kuitur-und-Sport-Woche"  in  the  university's 
classrooms. 

At  Hamburg,  too,  the  Ufa  exhibited  films  for  the  education  of 
the  deaf-and-dumb,  produced  by  order  of  the  Arbeitsministeriam 
under  the  direction  of  Professor  Flatau.  One  of  these  educational 
pictures  deals  with  the  finger-alphabet  of  the  deaf-and-dumb ;  an- 
other with  the  "Sprechsehen"  (reading  off  the  lips) ;  a  third 
shows  the  Lord's  prayer  in  deaf-and-dumb  gestures.  These  reels 
proved  very  useful  in  the  deaf-and-dumb's  education. 

Two  Rem.«ikable  Canal  Films 
At  Mannheim  the  Canal-Federation  of  the  south-west  of  Ger- 
many in  a  special  performance  showed  Neckar-Film.  a  picture 
composed  of  technic,  laindscape,  and  graphic  tricks,  dealing  with 
the  Necker-Donau-Canal.  This  film  was  run  in  Baden  for  propa- 
ganda purposes. 

Another  canal-film  whose  subject  is  the  Rhein-Main-Donau- 
Canal  has  been  exhibited  in  almost  all  the  Munich  schools.  It 
was  made  by  the  "Neue  Kinematographische  Gesellschaft,"  Mu- 


nich,  and  contains  geographical,  ethnological,  and  technical  pic- 
tures. The  Bayerische  Landwirtschaflsministerium  on  account  of 
this  film  has  eulogized  the  producers. 

Ufa's  culture  department  has  in  the  Badische  Anilin-umi-Soda- 
Fabrik  completed  a  great  induslrial-instructive  film  which  shows 
the  manufacture  of  nitrogen  from  the  air. 

The  well-known  criminalist-engineer  Nelken  has  signed  a  con- 
tract with  the  Deulig-Film  to  found  a  film  journal  of  criminology 
which  shall  be  distributed  wiih  the  Messer-Woche.  These  pic- 
tures  will  show  the  dangers  caused  by  criminals  and  spread  the 
knowledge  as  to  the  struggle  in  overcoming  them. 

Dr.  Oskar  Kalbus,  scientific  reporter  of  Ufa's  culture  depart- 
ment, is  writing  a  handbook  on  '"The  Educational  tilm  in  Ger- 
many" which  is  to  appear  before  Christmas. 

The  "Kinematographische  Monaishefte"  have  asked  the  leading 
German  ophthalmologists  whether^  motion  pictures  can  do  any 
harm  to  good  eyes.  Not  one  of  them  had  ever  seen  a  good  eye 
injured  by  movies,  was  the  consensus  of  the  replies. 

EDUCATIONAL  FILM  NEWS  FROM  FRANCE 

By  E.  Fletcher-Clayton 

Special   Correspondent  for  Educationai.   Film   Magazine 

Paris,  France,  Jan.  15,  1922. 

THE  series  of  "Natura  Films"  produced  by  Maurice  Challiot, 
commenced  in  1918.  It  is  based,  originally,  upon  the 
work  of  Ardouin-Dumazet  entitled  "Voyage  en  France," 
which  comprises  sixty-three  volumes,  that  by  reason  of 
their  accuracy  and  excellence  were  "crowned"  by  the  Academic 
Frangaise.  The  films  were  produced  and  edited  under  the  title 
A  Travers  la  France,  and  the  most  remarkable  of  these  were 
The  Cognac  Country,  The  Lower  Alps,  Biarritz  and  the  Basque 
Country,  and  Corsica.  The  Route  Across  the  Alpes  was  shown 
to  members  of  the  Touring  Club  de  France  in  November. 

M.  Challiot  is  now  turning  his  attention  to  the  filniing  of 
Parisian  types:  not  the  would-be  artistic  specimens  which  loiter 
about  the  Quartier-Latin  or  about  Montmartre,  but  those  types 
which  are  comprised  within  the  real  life  of  France.  The  first 
of  the  series  is  La  Journee  d'un  Rodeur  de  Quais  ("The  Day  of  a 
Prowler  on  the  Quays")  which  title,  translated  into  English, 
gives  no  idea  of  this  particularly  curious  and  interesting  type 
of  tramp-handyman  (and  thief!)  who  might  be  termed  a  perma- 
nent city  gipsy,  for  want  of  a  proper  description.  This  film  is 
to  be  followed  by  pictures  showing  all  the  familiar  types  of 
street  "merchants." 

"DlSPOSITlF       Din^ERCER,"       VALUABLE       NeW       CINEMATOGRAPH 

Camera  Attachment 

A.  Duverger,  an  expert  cameraman,  described  to  me  recently 
his  apparatus  for  fixing  to  the  front  of  any  make  of  cinemato- 
graph camera,  by  which  any  form  of  screen  aperture,  iris,  dia- 
phram,  etc.,  is  obtained  by  the  movement  of  a  single  lever,  acting 
in  consort  wilh  the  various  parts  of  the  mechanism  which  are  set 
by  the  operator  before  commencing  to  turn.  Hitherto,  I  under- 
stand, much  time  has  been  wasted  in  the  studio,  and  in  the  labora- 
tory, in  the  endeavour  to  .obtain  successfully  "dissolving  views," 
"double  exposures,"  etc.,  and  in  arranging  "screens"  and  "cut- 
offs" during  the  filming  of  scenes. 

M.  Duverger's  apparatus,  which  is  small  and  light,  and  not  too 
complicated,  performs  all  these  operations.  The.se  are  its  opera- 
tions in  his  own  terms.  1.  Forte  cache  degrade,  (degrading 
shutter)  wilh  horizontal  and  vertical  discentering,  and  backward 
and  forward  movement  towards  the  objective.     2.    Diapliragme 


irsi  (iris  diaphram)  horizontal  and  vertical  discentering,  and 
backward  and  forward  movement.  3.  Rideau  volet  a  quatre  com- 
binasons,  (curtain  screen  with  four  combinations)  turning  in  every 
direction,  and  'opening  and  closing  from  top  to  bottom,  or  the  re- 
verse way,  and  from  side  to  side.  Closing  in  one  direction  and 
opening  in  another.  4.  Porte  cache,  (block  out)  with  discenter- 
ing movement.  5.  Uaguille  parte  cache,  which  is  an  entirely  new 
principle  of  "blocking"  which  permits  when  required  the  non- 
exposure  of  any  part  of  the  negative  desired,  increasing  or  de- 
creasing in  size,  or  changing  position;  these  movements  taking 
place  automatically  while  the  cameraman  is  operating.  The  ap- 
paratus, which  is  constructed  in  aluminum,  can  be  attached  or 
detached  in  a  few  moments.  It  is  the  outcome  of  twelve  years 
study,  and  is  patented  in  all  countries. 

The   Cinema    in    Conjunction    With    Religious   and    Anti- 
Religous  Propaganda 

Some  readers  may  remember  that  in  the  earlier  days  of  the 
cinema  there  were  issued,  at  any  rate  in  France,  rather  severe 
papal  edicts  which,  in  effect  and  practice,  actually  forbade  the 
use  of  the  cinematograph  as  a  means  of  instruction.  The  church 
first  looked  upon  it  as  an  invention  of  the  devil.  But  to  forbid 
a  thing  at  the  outset,  and  then  permit  it  afterwards,  is  one  of  the 
simplest  diplomatic  movements  of  the  church  in  order  to  keep  its 
hand  on  its  adherents.  Time  has  changed  much  of  this  ecclesias- 
tical opposition,  the  order  of  things  is  reversed,  and  now  the 
church  has  its  own  information  bureau  concerning  the  cinema. 
It  even  gives  its  patronage  to  certain  small  companies  who,  in 
different  parts  of  the  world,  make  religious  pictures  or  photograph 
religious  ceremonies.  Hence  two  ecclesiastical  camerame^  were 
very  busy  at  Notre  Dame  one  day  this  week  at  the  enthroning 
of  Mgr.  Baudrillart  as  titular  bishop  of  Himeria,  (a  small  town 
in  Asia-Minor,  which  no  longer  exists ! ) ,  one  inside  the  edifice  and  _ 
the  other  inside  an  automobile.  The  commercial  cinema  opera- 
tors were,  of  course,  present  to  photograph  the  procession  for 
incorporation  in  the  usual  film  of  "gazettes." 

The  present  pope,  Benedict  XV,  (deceased  since  this  was  writ- 
ten) encourages  cinematographic  activity,  as  much  as  a  means 
of  encouraging  an  interest  in  the  church,  as  for  that  of  dispelling 
ignorance.  He  has  allowed  cinematographers  to  enter  the  Vati- 
can and  penetrate  further  than  any  ordinary  photographer  with 
the  highest  recommendations  has  ever  been  allowed.  Finally  he 
had  himself  filmed  while  celebrating  mass  at  the  grotto  of  Notre- 
Dame  de  Lourdes  in  the  gardens  of  the  Vatican.  It  will  prob- 
ably be  wise  to  make  no  comment  whatever  upon  this. 

In  France  the  parish  priest  often  acts  as  cinema  censor,  though 
he  himself  never  visits  the  cinema.  Certain  films  appear  to  be 
on  the  "index,"  but  which  they  are,  one  never  knows  till  the 
time  of  showing.  Needless  to  say  this  private  censorship  carries 
no  weight  except  with  the  very  strict  adherents  of  the  church. 
But  as  an  instance,  I  may  say  that  one  of  the  "forbidden"  films 
is  the  Swedish-Biograph  film  Let  No  Man  Put  Asunder,  featur- 
ing Ivar  Nilsson,  and  based  upon  the  story  by  Auguste  Etrind- 
berg. 

The  Cinema  at  the  Louvre:  M.  Theodore  Reinach's  Lectures 
on  Historic  Art. 

For  the  first  time  the  cinema  has  replaced  fixed  projection  in 
the  Ecole  du  Louvre,  and  that  for  the  series  of  lectures  which 
form  part  of  the  curriculum  of  the  Ecole  Nationale  des  Beaux 
Arts.  Theodore  Reinach,  lecturing  to  students  and  teachers  of 
art  upon  Greek  architecture  and  ornamentation,  illustrated  all 
his  points  by  film.    This,  which  was  merely  in  the  nature  of  an 

It 


"•=«"-  f-ubii.  ui 


^rmty 


experiment,  is  certain  to  become  a  permanent  feature  in  the  lec- 
ture hall  of  the  Louvre. 

Professors  of  art  and  art  teaching  who  were  present,  agreed 
that  the  beauty  of  an  architectural  design,  a  grand  monument,  is 
never  so  much  in  evidence  as  when  one  can  turn  about  it.  The 
flat  picture,  the  common  lantern  slide,  though  providing  an  illus- 
tration gives  but  a  "lifeless"  impression.  The  student,  perhaps 
wearied  with  gazing  constantly  at  the  same  image  while  endeav- 
ouring to  grasp  the  deeper  side  of  the  instruction,  and  though 
he  may  admire  the  beauty  of  an  object  because  it  is  in  his  nature 
to  do  so,  his  imagination  is  not  fired  as  it  ought  to  be.  Hence  it 
.s  M.  Reinach's  intention  to  illustrate  all  his  future  lectures  on 
historic  architecture  by  means  of  documentary  and  travel  films. 

The  Theory  of  Relativity  and  the  Cinema 

Of  all  scientific  questions  exercising  the  minds  of  French  scien- 
tisU  at  the  present  moment,  is  that  of  Einstein's  theory  of  relativ- 
ity. Whole  columns  have  been  devoted  to  it  in  the  newspapers, 
and  it  was  the  subject  of  one  of  the  most  learned  discourses  of 
recent  times  given  at  the  Sorbonne  by  M.  Painleve.  Einstein  has 
fven.  entered  the  realms  of  "popular  science,"  and  the  magazines 
have  taken  up  his  theory.  Yet,  despite  all  this,  the  French  film 
promised,  to  illustrate  certain  demonstrable  facts  proclaimed  by 
Einstein,  does  not  come  forth.  Probably  before  it  does  there 
will  be  shown  in  Paris  (at  one  of  the  scientific  institutions)  the 
film  now  being  made  by  the  Colonno-Film-Gesellschaft  under  the 
direction  of  Dr.  Fanta,  of  Prague,  Rudolf  Laemmel,  of  Zurich, 
and  Nicolai  and  Otto  Buek. 

This  film  is  being  specially  prepared  with  a  view  to  general 
distTSbution  throughout  Europe,  and  Paris  is  to  be  made  the 
center  for  "tam-tam" — which  means  the  rousing-up  of  people  in- 
terested and  the  creation  of  much  talk  and  free  publicity,  of 
course  with  a  commercial  end  in  view.  The  "scenario,"  if  one 
can  call  it  such,  is  being  prepared  in  such  a  way  that  while  the 
film  will  remain  a  scientific  one,  its  understanding  by  the  gen- 
eral public  will  not  be  too  difficult.  It  is  rumored  that  certain 
scenes  are  to  be  made  in  Paris. 

L'Agonie  des  Aigles,  Napoleonic  Film  by  M.  Bernard 
Deschamps 

What  is  probably  the  most  accurate  and  finely  detailed  film 
reconstruction  of  the  last  phase  in  the  life  of  Napoleon,  is  going 
to  be  shown  in  Paris  during  December.  A  few  uncompleted  por- 
tions were  presented  to  an  audience  at  the  Trocadero  a  few 
months  ago,  during  the  celebrations  of  the  Centenaire  of  Na- 
poleon; and  they  won  unstinted  praise.  The  whole  of  this  film, 
which  is  built  upon  a  scenario  made  from  the  book  "Les  Demi- 
soldes"  by  Georges  d'Esparbes,  keeper  of  Napoleonic  relics  and 
curator  of  the  palace  of  Fontainebleau,  is  the  work  of  a  well-known 
French  film  producer,  D.  Bernard  Deschamps.  The  role  of  Na- 
poleon was  played  by  Severin-Mars,  and  the  others  in  the  cast 
comprise  members  of  the  Comedie  Frangaise.  All  the  principal 
scenes  were  taken  at  Fontainebleau,  and  the  film  took  several 
months  to  arrange  and  produce,  and  that  at  an  enormous  though 
unavoidably  cost.  The  whole  of  the  undertaking  was  financed 
by  a  private  bank,  which  has  since  gone  into  liquidation,  which 
proceeding  necessitated  the  holding-up  of  the  film  ever  since 
the  nature  of  its  splendour  was  revealed  in  the  fragments  shown 
at  the  Trocadero. 

Bernard  Deschamps  has  made  his  film  not  only  a  big  entertain- 
ment, but  an  historically  accurate  account  of  the  abdication  of 
Napoleon  at  Fontainebleau  and  of  his  final  days  at  Saint-Helena. 


Some  of  the  pictures  differ  rather  from  the  popular  conception  of 
the  last  days  of  Napoleon;  but  the  accuracy  of  the  scenes  de- 
picted are  vouched  for.  The  most  magnificent  scenes  are  un- 
doubtedly those  within  the  throne  room  at  Fontainebleau,  and 
the  pathetic  farewell  of  Napoleon  in  the  courtyard  of  the  palace, 
at  the  bottom  of  the  famous  horse-shoe  staircase.  Already  several 
very  high  authorities  upon  education  have  stated  their  approval 
of  the  film  as  a  medium  for  teaching  history;  and  I  hope  to  be 
able  to  give  some  more  useful  details  of  information  about  it 
after  its  official  presentation.  Already,  I  understand,  the  editing, 
for  the  British  and  American  market,  with  subtitles  in  English, 
has  been  done  by  Mr.  Richard  Garrick. 

LoiE  Fuller's  Film  of  Carmen  Sylva's  Fairy  Tale 

If  a  film  of  fantasy  can  be  classed  under  the  heading  educa- 
tional, most  certainly  The  Lily  of  Life,  iiom  the  fairy-story  by 
H.  M.  the  Queen  of  Roumania  (Carmen  Sylva),  is  such.  The 
scenario  has  been  written  by  Miss  Loie  Fuller  and  M.  G.  Sorere, 
and  the  film  is  onet  of  the  most  delightful  fantasies  one  could 
imagine.  It  is  not  at  all  a  grand  spectacle;  it  is  purely  and 
simply  a  fairy-story,  and  like  "Peter  Pan"  (though  of  a  very 
different  order),  is  alike  suitable  for  young  and  old.  All  manner 
of  photographic  tricks  have  been  indulged  in,  and  it  is  even 
reported  that  some  of  the  negative  is  used  as  though  it  were 
positive  in  order  to  produce  a  fairy-like  effect.  It  may  or  may 
not  be  appreciated  by  the  cinema-going  public,  and  I  say  this 
in  order  to  warn  those  whom  it  may  concern  Although  fantasy 
in  the  theater  and  cinema  is  admired  here  to  a  certain  extent 
anything  of  the  mawkish  order  (such  as  is  associated  with  such 
spectacles  as  Maeterlinck's  "Blue  Bird"  or  "The  Betrothal")  will 
not  be  tolerated.  Spectators  are  not  carried  away  by  enthusiasm 
for  any  dramatic  piece  whatever;  but  for  the  art  of  the  actor 
or  actress,  or  for  the  brilliant  execution  of  the  music.  Producers 
of  spectacular  films  or  films  of  the  mystic  or  supernatural  order 
must  remember  that  even  Griffith's  film  Intolerance  was  a  failure 
here  (a  re-edited  portion,  called  Charity,  is  being  tried  out  now), 
and  so  much  scornful  laughter  greeted  Houdini's  Master  Mystery 
that  it  had  to  be  withdrawn.  To  adapt  Carlyle's  words,  a  French- 
man may  have  his  head  in  the  clouds  for  a  while,  but  his  feet 
are  always  firmly  on  earth.  It  is  a  note  of  warning  which  may 
save  a  lot  of  futile  exportation. 

The  Paris  Fair  Filmed 

With  a  view  to  making  known  the  Foire  de  Paris,  and  the 
manufacturing  resources  of  France  as  illustrated  it,  a  film  of 
two  hundred  metres  has  been  made  by  E-J-V.  Lucet,  and  passed 
for  public  exhibition  by  the  Prefet  de  la  Seine.  The  film,  purely 
documentary,  will  serve  primarily  to  demonstrate  the  value  of  the 
Fair  as  a  business  centre;  but  it  is  in  no  sense  a  demonstration 
of  actual  manufacture  and  processes  or  inventions. 

"Pure  Milk"  Propaganda  Film,  by  the  French  Milk  League 

For  the  purpose  of  teaching  the  public  the  value  and  use  of  pure 
milk,  the  Ligue  du  Lait  (19  Rue  de  Sambre-et-Meuse)  has  had  a 
special  film  produced,  showing  the  science  of  cow-keeping  and 
the  preparation  of  milk  for  public  use.  I  have  not  seen  the  film; 
but  understand  that  it  includes  instruction  in  how  to  keep  milk 
after  purchase,  infant  feeding,  etc.,  etc.,  and  is  destined  to  be 
shown  in  schools  and  domestic  training  centres  throughout 
France.  Probably,  as  in  the  case  of  the  Child  Health  Society's 
film  (mentioned  last  month)  the  milk  film  will  be  offered  to 
cinema  proprietors  who  will  give  an  undertaking  to  show  it. 


17 


"SAFEGUARDING  THE  NATION" 
By  Martha  Madison  Smith 

LAWLESSNESS  as  regards  the  present  prohibition  statute 
has  received  a  most .  convincing  and  unanswerable  chal- 
lenge through  the  production  of  this  powerful  new  film 
which  has  already  received  the  hearty  commendation  of 
temperance  workers  throughout  the  country. 

Strength,  expressed  by  the  excellent  title,  continues  throughout 
the  picture,  gaining  in  intensity  as  the  scenes  are  thrown  on  the 
screen.  Safeguarding  the  Nation  arouses  interest  at  once,  patri- 
otic interest,  which  tends  to  place  the  responsibility  for  enforce- 
ment of  the  prohibition  law  squarely  up  to  the  citizens  of  the 
country. 

Perhaps  the  most  virile  quality  in  the  film  is  the  absolute 
absence  of  propaganda  and  verbal  argument.  Nothing  is  said 
in  an  argumentative  way  either  for  or  against  the  use  of  alcohol. 
Instead  actual  tests  are  used,  their  results  placed  before  the  be- 
holder in  plain  black  and  white,  figures  and  charts,  making  the 
lesson  so  obvious  that  even  a  mind  with  the  least  degree  of 
training  cannot  fail  to  grasp  its  significance. 

After  arousing  popular  interest  by  opening  the  picture  on  a 
baseball  diamond,  the  first  reel  states  that  actual  tests  show  a 
batter's  record  for  three  days  when  he  has  had  no  alcohol  to  be 
eighty  per  cent  liners,  giving  splendid  chances  for  home  runs. 
This  efficiency  was  lowered  by  two  glasses  of  beer  so  that  but 
twenty  per  cent  of  the  batter's  record  were  liners.  What  alcohol 
is  and  a  brief  exposition  regarding  the  production  of  energy  by 
absorption  of  food  through  cell  walls  of  blood  and  nerves,  pro- 
ducing energy,  follows. 

Just  what  happens  when  alcohol  is  taken  into  the  stomach  and 
small  intestines  is  well  handled  in  the  second  reel  which  states 
that  the  poison  unchanged  is  absorbed  into  the  blood  and  is 
carried  to  the  cells  of  the  body.  As  a  narcotic  drug  alcohol 
lessens  the  amount  of  oxygen  used  by  the  cell  and  so  reduces 
the  amount  of  energy  released.  As  the  most  highly  organized 
in  the  body  nerve  cells  are  first  affected.  Marvelous  pictures  of 
the  brain  are  shown  with  the  statement  that  the  gray  matter 
contains  the  largest  number  of  branching  nerve  cells,  dendrites, 
while  the  white  matter  is  composed  of  nerve  fibres  passing 
throughout  the  body.  Clear  explanations  with  splendid  pictures 
show  how  impressions  made  by  the  outside  world  upon  the  or- 
gans of  seeing,  hearing,  etc.,  are  carried  by  the  sensory  nerves 
to  the  proper  centers,  and  are  connected  with  motor  nerves  which 
convey  impulses  to  muscles.  Tests  are  pictured  with  measure- 
ments of  time  in  thousandths  of  a  second,  and  the  optience  is  shown 
how  less  than  half  an  ounce  of  alcohol  makes  the  subject's  re- 
sponses slow.  Examples  used  include  a  magnetic  hoist  where 
the  man  controlling  must  have  steady  nerves,  signalmen,  etc. 
A  fraction  of  a  second  may  decide  between  a  sound  body  and  a 
physical  wreck.  The  reel  closes  with  illustrations  of  practice 
shooting  in  which  men  without  alcohol  score  an  average  of  twenty- 
seven  out  of  thirty  shots,  while  those  who  have  taken  less  than 
two  pints  of  beer  average,  only  three  out  of  thirty. 

Reel  three  announces  that  alcohol  first  impairs  ability  by 
slowing  response  to  signals,  increasing  wrong  responses  to  sig- 
nals and  reducing  the  steadiness  of  the  hand.  In  a  walking  match, 
well  illustrated,  twenty-four  men,  abstainers,  compete  with  fifly- 
nfne  users  of  alcohol.     Of  tho  ten  winners,  six  were  abstainers. 


two  abstained  during  training,  and  two  were  users  of  alcohol. 
The  fate  of  a  nation  may  depend  upon  the  endurance  of  its  de- 
fenders, the  film  states.  Using  the  printing  room  as  an  example, 
the  loss  of  work  was  measured  as  nearly  nine  per  cent  when  less 
than  one-third  of  an  ounce  of  alcohol  was  taken  by  the  men. 
Tests  of  color  accuracy  are  also  given,  showing  the  danger  to  the 
lives  of  travelers  should  the  signalman  or  engineer  be  a  user  of 
alcohol.  Concluding,  the  reel  declares  that  alcohol  weakens 
endurance,  reduces  output  of  skilled  work,  unfits  mert  for  posi- 
tions of  responsibility.  The  immediate  effect  of  small  amounts 
of  the  poison  is  not,  the  film  says,  so  much  a  question  of  drunken- 
ness but  of  reduced  efficiency;  and  the  effect  of  one-sixth  of  an 
ounce  of  alcohol  is  shown  by  picturing  a  subject  marking  a  point 
where  two  lines  cross,  before  and  after  taking  the  narcotic. 

In  the  fourth  reel  and  in  the  fifth  the  film  reaches  its  greatest 
interest  since  the  pictures  of  the  human  organs  are  most  marvel- 
ous. The  effects  of  continued  use  of  alcohol  on  the  stomach  are 
shown  in  detail.  Its  effects  on  the  blood  vessels,  mucous  mem- 
brane and  gastric  juice  are  carefully  explained  in  pictures. 
These  conditions  tend  to  become  chronic  and  ulceration  may  fol- 
low. Red  corpuscles  of  the  blood  are  shown  under  the  micro- 
scope carrying  strength-giving . oxygen  to  the  blood  and  all  parts 
of  the  body.  Since  alcohol  lessens  the  power  of  the  cells  to  use 
oxygen  the  flame  of  life  is  lowered.  A  striking  example  of  the 
death  of  a  candle  flame  deprived  of  oxygen  is  used.  It  is  a 
fact  that  the  death  rate  from  pneumonia  among  drinkers  is  very 
high  and  a  chart  demonstrates  this. 

Deserving  of  especial  mention  are  the  pictures  of  the  beating 
heart  with  attendant  statistics  showing  that  fatty  and  weakened 
muscles  are  frequently  found  among  beer  drinkers.  Views  of  the 
lungs  breathing  are  also  wonderfully  realistic  and  accurate.  Dis- 
tension of  blood  vessels  in  the  lungs,  often  caused  by  alcohol, 
results  in  congestion  and  prepares  the  bed  for  tuberculosis.  A 
diagram  shows  clearly  the  contrast  in  recovery  from  this  disease 
among  abstainers,  light  drinkers,  and  heavy  drinkers. 

The  liver  is  treated  in  the  last  reel;  fatty  and  diseased  condi- 
tions shown  caused  by  alcohol,  and  "hob  nail"  and  "drunkard's" 
liver  being  illustrated.  Attention  is  given  to  the  brain,  the  think- 
ing power  of  which  depends  upon  the  health  of  its  nerve  cells 
and  their  connecting  fibers.  Views  of  these  dendrites  along 
which  thoughts  are  transmitted  are  shown,  with  the  buds  which 
are  points  of  contact  with  other  nerve  forces.  In  chronic  poison- 
ing many  of  these  tiny  buds  break  down  altogether.  The 
disappearance  of  normal  cell  bodies  from  alcohol  poisoning  is 
pictured,  showing  that  brains  in  this  condition  cannot  do  accurate 
and  effective  work.  Protecting  the  human  brain  from  alcohol 
is  as  necessary  to  public  health,  the  film  states,  as  protecting 
human  lungs  from  tuberculosis. 

"The  menace  to  future  generations  from  alcohol"  closes  the 
film,  showing  the  blighting  effect  of  the  drug  on  the  cells  from 
which  life  springs.  Using  guinea  pigs  to  illustrate,  the  pictures 
prove  that  offspring  of  animals  who  have  not  received  alcohol 
are  strong  and  vigorous,  while  offspring  of  parents  subjected  to 
the  fumes  of  alcohol  are  sickly,  dwarfed,  and  deformed. 

"Protection  of  its  children  is  the  nation's  greatest  safeguard" 
the  film  affirms,  adding  that  statistics  gained  from  animal  experi- 
mentation add  significance  to  the  large  number  of  alcoholics 
found  in  the  ancestry  of  physically  and  mentally  deformed  chil- 


18 


iren.  The  optience  is  left  with  the  question:  "Have  we  a  right 
()  weaken  or  destroy  the  future  of  our  nation  by  self-indulgence 
Inder  the  plea  of  personal  liberty?" 

\othing  is  said  or  pictured  about  the  action  of  alcohol  on 
u-  kidneys — a  serious  omission.  It  is  a  fact  well  known  to 
hssicians  that  over-indulgence  in  beer,  wine,  whiskey,  and  other 
jlcoholic  liquors  brings  about  a  degenerate  condition  of  the 
Sidneys,  a  fact  that  should  be  illustrated  in  so  exhaustive  a  film 
'in  this  subject. 

No  reference  is  made  in  the  picture  to  the  great  research  work 
gainst  alcohol  by  Dr.  Saleeby  of  London,  probably  the  world's 
reatest  authority  on  this  subject.  Quotations  from  Dr.  Saleeby's 
ritings  and  perhaps  a  picture  of  him  should  be  included.  Re- 
arch  work  done  by  Dr.  Davenport  in  the  Eugenics  Record  Office, 
old  Spring  Harbor,  Long  Island,  is  also  given  no  mention  in 
le  film.  Dr.  Davenport  has  done  valuable  anti-alcohol  research 
ork  and  is  deserving  of  mention. 

For  the  use  of  temperance  societies  Safeguarding  the  Nation 
ill  be  invaluable.  In  the  school  room  its  mission  will  be 
refold,  proving  an  authentic  visual  instructor  in  physiology,  as 
ell  as  instructing  students  regarding  the  curse  of  alcohol.  Will- 
in  Jennings  Bryan,  the  Anti-Saloon  League  of  America,  the 
oard  of  Temperance  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  the 
jientic  Temperance  Federation,  the  National  Women's  Chris- 
an  Temperance  Union,  and  others  have  given  the  film  their 
jarty  endorsement. 

Safeguarding  the  Nation.  Produced  and  distributed  by  Carter  Cinema  Pro- 
icing   Corporation,   220   West   42nd   Street,    New   Yorli   City.     5   reels. 

"DEMOCRACY  IN  EDUCATION" 

'\EMOCRACY  in  Education  suggests  that  training  the  youth 
of  this  country  to  think  independently  develops  faculties 
hich  teach  them  self-direction,  self-appraisal,  self-control,  and 
operation.  Opening  scenes  show  the  hardships  and  labors  of 
irly  American  settlers.  A  reproduction  of  the  original  Declara- 
on  of  Independence,  written  by  Thomas  Jeflferson,  appears  in 
le  film.  Scenes  of  the  republic's  development  follow,  including 
le  American  army  in  the  Great  War  which  "made  the  world  safe 
»r  democracy." 

The  picture  emphasizes  the  idea  that  American  public  schools 
ust  make  democracy  safe  for  the  world.  This  can  be  accom- 
lished  by  developing  qualities  essential  to  the  individual  and 

the  strength  and  vitality  of  the  nation. 

The  three  R's  can  be  taught  by  methods  which  result  in  devel- 
ping  self-direction,  self-appraisal,  self-control,  and  cooperation 
I  children,  and  the  school  should  teach  them  to  use  these 
;quired  qualifications  effectively  and  for  worthy  purposes. 

Instruction  in  handwriting  by  the  Courtis  Standard  Practice 
ests  develops  these  qualities  and  this  is  shown  by  a  practical 
sson  to  a  class  of  grammar  school  children,  in  which  each 
lild  progresses  independently  in  acquiring  the  art  of  writing 
id  is  taught  to  judge  and  compare  his  specimens  of  handwriting 
ith  those  of  the  Courtis  Practice  Tests,  the  teacher  giving  individ- 
il  instruction  when  it  is  necessary. 

Democracy  in  Education.  2  reels.  Distributed  by  Ford  Motor  Company, 
rtroit,  Mich.,  and  World  Book  Company,  Yonkers,  N.  Y. 


INTERESTING  BOOKLET  AVAILABLE 
■'HE  Future  of  the  Cinematograph,"  a  keen  analysis  and  prophetic 
•  forecast,  by  Charles  Frederick  Higham,  M.  P.,  of  interest  to  all  who 
e  looking  forward  regarding  motion  pictures,  will  be  sent  free  to  own- 
s  of  projection  machines  if  application  is  made  by  mail  to  the  Dickens 
Imcraft,  1540  Broadway,  New  York  City.  It  is  only  necessary  to 
sntion  the  name  of  your' machine  and  enclose  two  cents  to  cover  mail- 
g- 


"THE   RIGHT   WAY " 

By  Dolph  Eastman 

THERE  are  two  ways  in  which  to  present  a  social  problem 
on  the  motion  picture  screen:  in  fiction  narrative  or  edu- 
cational propaganda.  Thomas  Mott  Osborne,  the  noted 
penologist,  who  introduced  radical  prison  reforms  at  Sing 
Sing  and  the  United  States  Naval  Prison  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  has 
chosen  to  present  his  film  in  the  form  of  a  photoplay  which,  he 
says,  is  founded  upon  fact  and  not  fiction. 

Be  that  as  it  may.  The  Right  of  Way  is  certainly  an  engrossing 
melodrama  which  at  the  same  time  carries  a  definite  message  of 
hope  and  humanitarianism  to  all  who  have  transgressed  the  laws 
of  God  or  man.  There  are  moments  when  this  message  seems  to 
be  engulfed  in  thrills  and  swift-moving  action,  and  there  are 
scenes  which  would  appear  objectionable  in  an  ordinary  picture 
of  the  underworld.  But  when  consideration  is  given  to  the  fact 
that  Mr.  Osborne  supervised  and  stood  sponsor  for  the  photoplay 
and  appears  in  the  film  as  the  narrator  of  the  story,  the  coarseness 
of  such  scenes  takes  on  a  different  aspect  and  may  be  regarded 
as  contributing  to  the  underlying  motif  of  the  picture.  In  some 
respects  the  film  reminds  one  of  the  earlier  Fox  picture.  The 
Honor  System,  which  also  dealt  with  certain  phases  of  the  work 
of  the  Mutual  Welfare  League,  a  voluntary  prisoners'  organization 
at  Sing  Sing. 

The  Right  Way  sums  up  in  its  title  the  theme  which  is  in  the 
mind  of  every  prison  reformer  and  of  every  prisoner  who  has 
not  become  "sore"  at  the  world  and  decided  to  take  out  his  grudge 
against  society  by  pursuing  a  career  of  crime.  It  is  the  wrong 
way  which  Mr.  Osborne  shows  the  public  in  this  picture,  and 
the  straight  path  is  merely  hinted  at.  The  inference  is  obvious, 
however,  even  though  it  may  not  sink  into  normal  sluggish  minds 
as  an  immediate  reaction  to  the  screen  showing.  It  is  sufficient 
that  the  film  as  presented  arouses  thought  and,  for  a  melodrama 
which  possesses  most  of  the  elements  that  appeal  to  the  masses, 
it  has  an  ethical  and  pro-social  appeal  of  undeniable  power. 

The  electrocution  scene  should  be  shortened  to  a  flash,  to  avoid 
harrowing  details,  and  it  is  questionable  whether  it  was  necessary 
to  have  an  innocent  man  die  in  the  electric  chair  in  order  to  drive 
home  the  author's  point.  That  point  would  have  lost  none  of  its 
force  if  "Smiler's"  life  had  been  spared  at  the  last  moment.  The 
unprovoked  crushing  of  Jimmy's  pet  rat  under  his  heel  by  a 
brutal  prison  guard  might  be  eliminated  without  any  loss  to  story 
or  moral.  Other  cuts  may  be  found  necessary  by  non-theatrical 
exhibitors  after  viewing  before  booking — a  step  which  is  advisa- 
ble. 

The  value  of  this  picture  when  shown  before  certain  groups 

is  not  open  to  question.    Indiscriminate  use  in  schools,  churches, 

clubs,  community  centers,  etc.,  is  not  recommended.    But  handled 

with  discretion  and,  possibly,  shown  in  connection  with  a  lecture 

or  sermon,  the  film  is  a  powerful  preachment  which  no  educator 

or  clergyman  should  ignore. 

The  Bight  Way.  Distributed  by  Producers  Security  Corporation,  516  Fifth 
Avenue,  New  York  City.     6  reels. 

"THE  WHY  OF  A  VOLCANO" 
'ipHE  causes  and  effects  of  volcanic  eruptions  are  clearly  and 
interestingly  visualized  in  this  skilful  and  entertaininjr  pro- 
duction. Realistic  and  ingenious  models  and  diagrams,  devised 
by  H.  C.  Burnham,  are  interspersed  with  real  mountaia  pictures, 
the  whole  story  being  closely  linked  up  by  lucid  telling. 

Animated  geological  sections  are  employed  to  show  how  the 
gradually  cooling  earth  shrank  and  produced  mountains,  through 
the  fissures  of  which  the  molten  lava  still  escapes  from  the  hot 


19 


interior.  TTien  follow  spectacular  model  scenes  of  volcanoes  in 
action,  glimpses  of  real  craters,  and  pictures  of  volcanic  rock 
formation. 

The  film  has  been  so  cleverly  put  together  that  it  has  real 
entertainment,  as  well  as  educational,  value.  It  will  make  a 
first-rate  item  on  almost  any  non-theatrical  film  program. 

The  Why  of  a  Volcano.  Distributed  by  Educational  Film  Exchanges,  Inc. 
1    reel. 

RECENT  "NATIONAL  NON-THEATRICAL"  RELEASES 

THE  SPIRIT  OF  JOAN  OF  ARC.  produced  by  Mrs.  William  H. 
Hill,  of  Boston,  and  recently  shown  on  Armistice  Day  at  tlie  Town 
Hall,  New  York  City,  is  being  distributed  by  National  Xon-Theatrical 
Motion  I'idures,  Inc.  It  is  a  two-reel  story  of  France  covering;  six 
])hases  of  reconstruction — housing,  afjriculture,  building  material,  fac- 
tories, coal  niininir,  an<l  raw  niaterial.s.  It  does  not  lack  in  human 
interest  but  ilisiloses  the  dramatic  struggle  going  on  in  France  to  re- 
build and   rejuvenate  the  nation. 

The  M(t(fi)-  I'm  of  ilolher  Goose  is  a  series  of  animated  cartoons  in 
which  the  favoiilc  cli.iracters  of  these  old  nursery  tales  come  to  life  on 
the  screen.    Hey  Diddle  IJkhlle  is  the  first  of  the  series. 

A  new  eilucational  reel  is  Bee  Culture  in  Sweden,  produced  by  the 
Swedish  Biograph  Coirtpany  and  edited  especially  for  school  use.  Ex- 
cerpts from  .Maeterlinck's  "Life  of  the  Bee"  appropriately  from  the 
titles.  The  bees  are  shown  waking  from  their  long  winter  sleep  in  the 
s|)ring  and  starting  on  their  labors.  The  chief  epi.sodes  in  the  short 
year  of  the  bee,  which  extends  from  .\pril  to  the  last  days  of  September, 
are  the  formation  an<l  dcjiartiire  of  I  lie  swarm,  the  foundation  of  the 
new  city,  the  birth  and  nuptial  flight  of  the-  young  queens,  the  massacre 
of  the  males  or  drones,  and,  finally,  the  return  of  the  sleep  of  winter. 
There  are  close-ups  of  bees  at  work  in  the  hive,  the  queen  bee,  the  drones, 
and  the  swarm,  the  honev  festival  of  the  bees. 


LATEST  PATHE  REVIEWS 

pATHFJUlI.on  RKVIFW  NO.  1S5  hns  as  its  outstanding  feature  a 
.slow-motion  study  of  football  entitled  "Educated  Toes,"  filmed  dur- 
ing an  imi)ortnnt  college  game.  The  manufacture  of  dolls  is  fully  pic- 
tured in  "Little  Lady-Land."  "Luncheon  A  La  Pueblo"  is  a  little  visit 
with  Hopi  squ.iws  in  New  Mexico.  "Puppyland  Briefs"  is  Hy  Mayer's 
contribution  in  sketches  and  actual  scenes  "of  young  dogs.  "Sunday  in 
Alsace,"  in  I'atlieclor.  gives  a  glimpse  of  the  quaint  go-to-meeting 
clothes  worn  by  the  citizens  of  the  famous  French   province. 

Rathe  Revieu-  No.  JS6  opens  with  a  vivid  Pathe.'olor  showing  the  life 
of  street  anil  shop  in  fascinating  regions  "East  of  Suez."  A  slow  motion 
study  of  juvenile  racers  analyzes  the  form  of  "The  Coming  Speed  Kings" 
and  good  industrial  material  is  included  in  a  detailed  picturization  of 
the  manufacture  of  matches.  The  reel  ends  with  "Holidays  In  Holland" 
a  Dutch  peasant's  idea  of  a  good   time. 

"The  Hill  Monastery  of  Portucal"  is  the  initial  offering  of  PatM 
Review  No.  i.n  t.iking  the  sight-seer  seven  miles  into  the  hills  for  a 
visit  to  a  Dominican  monastery  of  historic  as.sociation  and  great  archi- 
te<-tural  beauty.  By  way  of  conliast  the  Zoo  is  next  visited  and  "Mr. 
Elephant's  Tooth  Brush"  reveals  a  huge  pachyderm  at  his  morning  toilet. 
'Ten  Bl.xk.s  K,,st"  pre.sents  a  parallel  of  New  York's  Avenues  revealing 
odd  contrasts.  ".Metal  Spinners"  shows  the  various  processes  involved  in 
making  cliandelicis.  A  floral  fantasv  in  I'ath&olor,  "The  Names  of  the 
Kose,"  coiuludes  the  reel. 

AUigator  hunters  capturing  their  prev  in  the  slimy  heart  of  the 
Florida  Kverglades  forms  the  thrilling  adventure  pictured  in  "A  Bare- 
Handed  Alligator  Hunt"  with  which  P„tM  Review  No.  138  begins.  This 
includes  a  fight  with  an  alligator  in  full  view  of  the  camera.  Following 
lhereafl(tr  "I  he  Holy  City  Today"  furnishes  excellent  Patheeolor  studies 
in  modern  .lenisalcm.  It  is  succee.ied  bv  "Two  Men  and  a  I'ickle "  an 
miiusing  slow  motion  study  in  the  facial  expressions  of  two  excited  Ital- 
lan.s  arguing  over  a  pickle.  Picturesque  Vouga.  in  the  mountains  of 
lortugal  introduces  life  among  "The  Little  Mounlaimer.s,"  a  race  shut 
off  from  moilern  civilizati<in.  "The  Devil's  Pool,"  one  of  Nature's  oddi- 
ties in   Bermuda,   is  the  loncluding  offering. 

"THE  LIGHT  OF  A  RACE" 

'J'HE  LiriHT  OF  ^  RACE  is  the  title  of  a  one-reel  educational  film 
depicting  the  (hvclopnient  of  arlillcial  illumination  from  the  earliest 
records  of  man.  The  film  .shows  the  cave  man  as  he  kindles  fire  with 
sparks  from  flint;  the  primitive  man  as  he  pushes  a  stick  in  a  grove  to 
jirodme  a  spark:  the  Indian  as  he  <lrives  the  fire  drill;  the  ancient  hunter 
ami  his  method  of  c(K)king;  andhow  the  first  torch  slone  lamp,  candle, 
kitro.scne  lamp,  :iri(l  giis  lamp  were  diMlopcd.  The  picture  contains  in- 
teresting scenis  from  BenJ^irnin  Franklin  and  his  experiments  with  kite 
and  I/cyden  jar  that  proved  the  power  of  eleelrleity,  and  the  later  de- 
velopment of  the  arc  light  and  tin'  incanilevrcMl  lamp.  Ilic  woiuicrful 
achievement  of  Thomas  .\.  F.diMm.  The  picture  is  distributed  by  the 
(lenera!  Kle<"tric  ('*».  which  super*  iM-d  the  printuition  and  itj>  historical 
weurncy. 


"PRODUCTION'S   PULSE" 

WHEN  corn  has  come  through  all  the  stages  from  planting 
to  the  perfect  ear,  shall  the  farmer  sell  it,  hold  it  or  feed 
it  to  his  stock?  This  is  the  opening  thought  of  a  new 
motion  picture  issued  by  the  United  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture under  the  title  Production  s  Pulse,  picturizing  the  crop 
reporting  service  of  the  bureau  of  markets  and  crop  estimates. 

The  story .  shifts  from  Hal  Harrow,  the  farmer  facing  the 
problem  of  disposal  of  his  corn  crop,  to  the  broader  aspects  oi 
the  crop  reporting  system.  There  are  215,000  voluntary  crop  re 
porters  scattered  over  the  United  States  and  forty-two  stale  field 
agents  who  study  their  reports,  interview  well-informed  men  ir 
the  state,  watch  crops  from  trains,  watch  the  weather  reports 
crop  diseases  and  insects  and  prepare  special  reports  to  be  seni 
in  to  Washington. 

The  utmost  precautions  are  used  to  prevent  the  leakage  of  crop 
information.  These  reports  are  put  in  a  locked  box  in  the  offic« 
of  the  secretary  of  agriculture,  together  with  those  from  township 
and  county  reporters.  When  computations  are  made  on  these  re 
ports,  the  tops  of  the  sheets  and  the  county  names  are  cut  ofl 
so  the  computers  will  not  know  on  what  states  they  are  working 
and  placed  in  a  locked  box.  The  parts  of  the  sheets  are  reas 
sembled  on  crop  reporting  day.  The  board  meets  in  an  innei 
room  and  is  locked  in. 

Expert  computers  assist  the  board,  and  multigraphers  set  up 
the  report  as  the  figures  are  approved.  At  the  exact  minute 
agreed  on  months  in  advance,  the  secretary  of  agriculture  anc 
the  associate  chief  of  the  bureau  of  markets  and  crop  estimate 
release  copies  of  the  report  to  the  newspaper  men  who  are  await 
ing  the  signal  for  each  to  seize  a  sheet  and  run  to  the  telephoni 
to  read  off  the  figures  to  his  paper.  It  is  the  work  of  minute; 
only  to  flash  the  crop  news  all  over  the  country  by  telegraph. 

The  film  shows  scenes  in  a  newspaper  office  receiving  the  stor] 
and  setting  up  the  type.  At  the  very  end  "Hal  Harrow"  open: 
his  R.  F.  D.  mail  box  to  take  out  his  local  paper,  which  tell; 
him  that  the  "Year's  Corn  Crop  Tops  All  Others,"  indicating  thi 
prevailing  price  he  can  expect  if  he  sells,  or  the  effect  on  th( 
prices  of  beef  cattle  and  hogs  that  eat  corn. 

Production's  Pulse  is  in  two  reels.  It  is  intended  for  dislri 
bulion  by  the  department  and  co-operating  institutions.  Inter 
ested  organizations,  such  as  farm  bureaus  and  chambers  of  com 
merce,  may,  however,  borrow  the  film  upon  application  to  ihi 
department. 

w    w 

ROUNDWORM  IN  SWINE  SUBJECT  OF  NEW  FILM 

THE  life  and  adventures  of  a  worm  would  not  .seem  to  be  promisin] 
material  for  a  movie  .scenario,  but  a  film  recently  issued  by  thi 
I'nited  States  Department  of  Agriculture  proves  that  the  doing 
of  such  a  lowly  organism  as  the  rimndworm  which  infests  the  intestine 
of  swine  may  be  absorbing.  Ascaris  lumbricoidea  is  the  scientific  nami 
for  this  parasite  which  causes  great  losses  every  year  to  swine  growers 
and  the  title  of  the  picture  is  Kril  Ainirif. 

The  screen  story  is  built  anmnd  two  neighbor  farmers  one  of  whon 
has  success  with  his  pigs  and  the  other  so  much  hard  luck  th:it  he  i 
(iiscniiraged  almost  to  the  point  of  giving  up  the  business.  The  mai 
with  the  unthrifty  herd  goes  down  the  road  to  see  the  successful  ho| 
raiser  about  his  troubles  and  is  told  that  roundworms  are  the  probabl 
cause  of  his  failure.  But  he  is  skeplic:il  and  remains  unconvinced  unti 
ft  federal  veti-riiiarian  is  c:dled  in   lo  diagnose  the  ca.se. 

The  veterinarian  brings  a  high-power  microscojie  and  sets  it  upon  : 
Ixix  in  the  hog  yard  where  he  shows  thi-  farmer  and  his  neighbor  that  th 
soil  of  the  lot  is  bailly  infcsled  with  the  minute  eggs  of  the  roumlworil! 
'I'he  eggs  with  the  .s<|uiniiing  young  worms  jilainly  visible  within  th 
walls  .ire  shown  in  the  field  of  Ihe  miiroscope  that  is  reproduced  on  th 
film.  Then  tin-  entire  litV  history  of  tlir  worm  i-.  shuwii  from  !'"■  litiv 
the  <"g  is  swallowed  by  the  unwitting  pig  until  the  parasite  is  matup 
and  one  of  hundreds  in  the  intestines.  'I'he  growing  worms  are  siiii>Mi  b 
the  owner  right  in  his  own  sick  pigs  where  tliere  are  plenty  of  specimen 
in  various  stages  of  developmeni  from  Ihe  very  small,  newly-hatchei 
forms  up  to  tliose  that  are  full  grown  and  more  than  a  foot,  in  length. 


Covering  Industrial  Motion  Pictures  of  Educational  Value 
Edited  by  LEON  A  BLOCK 


xMOVIES  AT  BROOKLYN  INDUSTRIAL  SHOW 

AT  the  Brooklyn  (N.  Y.)  Manufacturers'  Industrial  Exposi- 
tion, January  14  to  January  20,  at  the  23rd  Regiment  Arm- 
ory, motion  pictures  of  many  of  Brooklyn's  industries  were 
shown.  The  programs  were  arranged  by  the  Kineto  Company  of 
America,  Inc.,  the  films  being  shown  on  regular  schedule  from 
one  o'clock  to  eleven  each  day.  Kineto  added  several  of  its 
(educational  films  to  the  industrial  subjects,  which  proved  of 
entertainment  value. 

The  Making  of  Soap,  a  two  reel  picture  loaned  by  Kirkman 
d  Sons,  illustrated  the  modern  process  of  soap  making. 
The  importance  of  the  shoe  industry  of  Brooklyn,  the  metal 
'ades,  and  the  large  dry  goods  stores,  were  displayed  in  a 
special  film  produced  under  the  supervision  of  the  Brooklyn 
Chamber  of  Commerce.  The  pictures  were  made  by  Kineto  and 
\M're  shown  in  160  Brooklyn  theaters  several  weeks  before  the 
exposition,  with  a  trailer  announcing  the  date  of  the  show. 

The  Edison  Company  was  represented  in  the  motion  picture 
program  with  a  film  entitled  Back  of  the  Button,  which  showed 
fvaiious  practical  household  uses  for  electrical  equipment  and 
'appliances  such  as  washing  machines,  stoves,  irons,  vacuum 
is^tepers,  and  incandescent  lamps  that  modern  science  has  made 
I    -^ible  and  within  the  financial  means  of  the  average  house- 

llold. 

1  he  making  of  cake  in  the  "modern  bakery  of  Drake  Bros., 
oklyn's  largest  cake  baking  industry,  was  shown  in  a  film 
I  uied  by  the  company.  1;  contains  scenes  illustrating  the  mixing 
111  batter  in  large  couLaiiiers  rotated  by  electrical  power,  weigh- 
ing dough  for  individual  cakes,  and  rotary  ovens  in  which  they 
air  baked. 

he  Todd  Shipbuilding  Corporation  showed  in  motion  pictures 
the  great  activities  of  their  Brooklyn  plant. 

The  Title  Guarantee  &  Trust  Company  displayed  a  film  which 
illustrated  by  photography  and  animated  drawings  their  system 
of  making  mortgage  loans  and  the  value  of  Prudence  Bonds 
as  an  investment. 

Manufacturing  women's  slippers  of  gold  and  silver  brocade 
was  an  important  part  of  the  motion  picture  program.  The  film 
was  loaned  to  the  exposition  by  George  W.  Baker  and  was  pro- 
duced by  Kineto. 

The  Onondaga  Milk  Association  was  represented  in  pictures 
showing  fine  herds  of  Jersey  cows,  the  sanitary  condition  of  their 
dairy,  and  the  pasteurizing  process. 

"THE  RICE  INDUSTRY" 

HE  rice  industry  of  Louisiana,  Texas  and  Arkansas  is  shown 
in  a  one  reel  educational.  Although  the  United  States 
raises  only  a  small  percentage  of  the  world's  rice  crop, 
t  is  an  important  industry  in  the  southern  states  and  a  staple 
irticle  of  food  throughout  the  country.  Three-fourths  of  the 
i  world's  people  live  on  rice;  a  large  proportion  of  them  are  Orien- 
als  but  other  races  are  beginning  to  realize  its  great  food  value. 
The  film  visualizes  the  modem  method  of  preparing  the  soil 
ind  a  machine  which  mechanically  plants  the  rice.     From  the 


T 


time  of  planting  until  maturity  the  rice  fields  are  flooded  and 
there  are  scenes  of  a  rice  stand  eight  days  old,  the  water  making 
the  field  look  like  a  salt  marsh.  Pumps  and  canals  supply  the 
irrigation.  When  ihe  rice  reaches  maturity  the  irrigation  is  turned 
off.  Rice  resembles  wheat  when  ready  for  harvesting,  and  the 
film  shows  the  cutting  and  binding  being  done  in  one  operation. 
It  is  threshed  on  the  field  and  the  grain  put  into  bags  ready  for 
transportation  to  the  mills.  At  the  mill  it  is  hulled,  polished, 
and  graded  according  to  the  size  of  the  kernels. 

The  film  contains  a  demonstration  of  the  proper  method  of 
cooking  rice,  a  revelation  to  those  who  are  not  familiar  with  the 
southern  or  Oriental  process  of  preparing  this  essential  article 
of  food. 

The  picture  was  produced  by  the  Harcol  Film  Co.,  Inc.,  New 
Orleans,  for  the  Associated  Rice  Millers  of  America,  and  is  an 
educational  picture  with  no  suggestion  of  advertising.  It  has 
been  exhibited  in  theaters  throughout  the  southern  states  and  is 
having  wide  distribution  in  the  non-theatrical  field. 

"A  GRAND  SPREAD" 
'  I  "'HE  two  reeler  A  Grand  Spread  will  be  well  received  by 
women's  clubs  and  classes  in  home  economics.  It  has  suffi- 
cient educational  and  entertainment  value  to  be  used  on  non- 
theatrical  programs.  It  was  produced  to  show  the  nutritious 
ingredients — cocoanuts,  peanuts,  and  milk — which  are  combined 
to  make  nut  butter  and  the  sanitary  conditions  of  the  plant  in 
which  Spredit  is  made. 

In  the  opening  scene  a  young  housekeeper  asks  the  grocer  about 
Spretlit  which  is  in  his  window  diplay.  He  replies  that  it  is  made  of  the 
purest  ingredients  and  is  as  nourishing  for  children  as  for  adults.  As 
lie  explains  the  ingredients  and  their  source  of  supply,  they  are  visual- 
ized in  the  film:  the  gathering  of  cocoanuts  by  natives  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  and  their  method  of  tying  them  together  in  a  raft  and  floating 
tliein  down  the  rivers  to  the  seacoast  for  shipment.  \  caption  ex- 
plains that  upon  their  arrival  in  the  United  States  the  outer  husks  are 
removed  and  the  oil  is  pressed  from  the  white  meat  and  refined.  This 
oil  has  great  nutritive  value  and  is  one  of  the  chief  ingredients  of 
Spredit. 

Peanuts  are  picked  in  Africa  by  natives  and  loaded  on  steamers  for 
America.  The  peanut  oil  is  obtained  by  grinding  the  nuts  and  pressing 
out  the  oil  which  is  then  put  through  a  refining  process,  making  it  an 
important  food  product. 

Herds  of  healthy  cattle  and  sanitary  dairies  that  send  fresh  milk 
each  day  to  the  Spredit  plant  are  shown  and  the  process  of  pasteurizing 
and  churning  it.  The  milk,  cocoanut  oil,  and  peanut  oil  are  poured 
into  the  emulsifiers  which  convert  the  mixture  into  a  cream.  It  is  then 
transferred  into  huge  revolving  churns  thoroughly  lilending  the  mix- 
ture until  globules  form;  then  salt  is  added  and  it  is  taken  to  the 
tempering  room,  covered  with  parchment  paper,  and  kept  at  a  low 
temperature.  It  is  then  cut  into  prints  of  the  desired  shape  and 
weight,  packed  in  cartons  and  shipped  to  the  dealers. 

This  is  the  explanation  given  by  the  grocer  to  his  customer  which  has 
been  carefully  visualized  in  the  film.  The  young  housekeeper  decides 
to  take  a  pound  of  Spredit  and  as  the  package  is  wrapped  by  the 
grocer,  he  gives  her  directions  for  adding  the  artificial  coloring  con- 
tained   in    a    capsule. 

A  Grand  Spread.  Produced  by  Clinton  Ivlns,  Patb£scope  Co.  of  America, 
Inc.,  for  E.  A.  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Inc.,  Boonton,  N.  J.,  and  New  York  City.    2  reeU. 

W    IT 
INDUSTRIAL  FILM   NOTES 

T^HE  Canadian  Pacific  steamship  Melita  which  plies  between  Montreal 
•^  and  Liverpool  has  installed  a  motion  picture  projection  machine  and 
8,000  feet  of  film  showing  interesting  features  of  Canadian  life.  Three 
entertainments  are  given  on  each  voyage  and  all  of  the  company's  ships 
will  be  equipped  with  projectors  and  films  in  the  near  future. 


"POULTRY  RAISING  FOR  PROFIT" 

Amotion  picture  on  Poultry  Raising  for  Profit  is  being  pre- 
'pared  by  the  Society  for  Visual  Education,  with  the  co- 
operation of  agricultural  colleges  and  experienced  poultry 
men,  in  an  effort  to  save  ex-service  men  and  others  from  the  dis- 
astrous experiences  many  amateurs  have  had.  The  film  is  de- 
signed to  be  instructive  in  every  branch  of  the  business,  from 
the  selection  of  the  mother  hen  to  the  marketing  of  eggs  and 
dressed  fowl. 

A  larger  proportion  of  beginners  fail  in  the  poultry  business 
than  is  generally  known,  says  Frank  L.  Piatt,  former  secretary 
of  the  American  Association  of  Poultry  Husbandry,  recognized  as 
one  of  the  leading  poultry  experts,  because  the  government  statis- 
tics take  no  cognizance  of  the  industry  on  less  than  five-acre 
farms.  More  than  50  per  cent  of  the  amateurs  begin  on  smaller 
plots. 

In  the  multiple-reel  film  now  in  preparation,  types  of  houses, 
interior  fittings,  artificial  lighting,  double  or  no  yard  plan  and 
space  required  for  various  kinds  of  fowl  are  to  be  covered  in 
detail.  Various  ways  of  starting  in  the  business  are  pictured, 
with  comparisons  of  the  relative  advantages  of  incubator,  one-day 
chick  and  hen-bred  methods.  The  screen  will  instruct  beginners 
about  feed  for  various  purposes,  such  as  marketing,  laying  and 
growing;  analysis  of  symptoms  and  treatment  of  diseases  and 
pests;  in  management  of  cockerel  and  full-grown  cock;  in  capon- 
izing,  culling  the  flock,  and  similar  everyday  problems  of  the 
poultry  farm. 

"Tricks  of  the  Trade,"  drawn  from  the  experiences  of  special- 
ists, are  to  be  incorporated  in  the  film  lessons;  for  instance,  that 
level  roosts  are  best,  as  hens  fight  for  the  highest  place;  that  a 
comfortable,  happy  hen  will  lay  more  eggs  than  an  unhappy 
"biddy" ;  that  a  sitting  hen  should  be  petted  and  talked  to  so 
that  her  chicks  will  be  less  wild;  that  artificial  lighting  in  winter 
by  lengthening  the  hen's  work  day,  increases  egg  production; 
that  the  female  influences  the  size  of  the  chicks  in  the  hatch  and 
the  male  the  color. 


"THE  HERITAGE  OF  EVE" 

A  TWO  reel  picture  produced  to  educate  the  housekeeper  in 
•^^  the  use  of  modern  household  appliances  is  being  distributed 
by  the  Blue-Bird  Appliance  Company,  St.  Louis.  The  film  en- 
titled The  Heritage  of  Eve  is  a  story  of  woman's  slavery  from 
the  early  days  of  civilization  to  modern  times  and  the  invention 
of  the  washing  machine  which  freed  her  from  drudgery. 

The  film  opens  with  an  impressive  scene  showing  Adam  and 
Eve  living  in  a  primitive  state  soon  after  they  were  expelled 
from  the  Garden  of  Eden.  Eve  is  next  reincarnated  in  the 
Grecian  period.  In  this  period  the  lot  of  women  was  indeed  a 
hard  one,  save  for  noblemen's  wives,  whose  existence  was  made 
easy  by  slaves.  In  this  period  Eve  is  sold  in  the  slave  market 
and  is  detailed  to  the  task  of  feeding  wood  to  the  crude  furnace 
which  heated  the  nobleman's  house.  Eve  then  appears  as  Pris- 
cilla,  spinning  flax  and  performing  other  tasks  that  fell  to  the 
lot  of  the  woman  who  helped  to  settle  America.  Then  Eve  is 
seen  living  in  the  days  of  the  "forty-niners."  She  travels  across 
the  plains  and  does  a  man's  work  fighting  Indians  and  panning 
dirt  for  gold. 

In  the  year  1920  we  find  Eve  in  an  average  American  living 
room.  She  is  by  no  means  a  wealthy  woman,  but  modern  ap- 
pliances have  given  her  leisure  that  in  previous  ages  no  woman 
enjoyed,  unless  she  was  of  the  upper  strata  of  life. 


FROM  ORE  PIT  TO  FINISHED  STEEL 

OPEN  pit  iron  mining  is  the  subject  of  an  instructior 
film  distributed  by  the  Community  Motion  Picture  Si 
vice.  It  shows  open  pit  mining  in  the  Lake  Superi 
district  with  scenes  of  hydraulic  drilling,  giant  steam  shov* 
lifting  ten  tons  of  ore  at  one  scoop,  freight  trains  being  load 
at  the  pit,  and  transportation  of  ore  to  Duluth.  Here  it  is  trai 
ferred  mechanically  from  big  ore  pockets  built  to  receive  it 
giant  freighters  of  the  Great  Lakes  which  carry  it  to  Clevelai 
where  it  is  sent  to  the  mills.  The  mechanical  process  of  co 
veying  ore  shipments  from  railroads  and  steamships  is  unusual 
interesting. 

The  last  half  of  the  film  depicts  the  arrival  of  the  ore 
the  mill  where  it  goes  through  various  processes,  making  it  fii 
into  ingots,  then  into  slabs,  and  finally  into  sheets.  Scenes  of  t 
rolling  mills  are  instructive  and  full  of  interest.  It  is  this  ro 
ing  mill  process  which  completes  the  mill  operations  and  fi 
ishes  the  metal  so  that  it  can  be  transferred  to  the  fabricati^ 
plants  to  be  converted  into  parts  for  bridges,  ships,  and  coi 
mercial  use.  Each  part  is  cut  with  the  aid  of  a  wooden  patte 
according  to  specification  for  some  definite  use,  and  the  fil 
shows  the  riveting  of  some  of  these  large  steel  plates  and  the 
importance  in  modern  ship  building. 

The  finished  steel,  cut  and  shaped  according  to  exact  calc 

lation,  is  shipped  from  the  fabrication  plant  to  all  parts  of  t 

world  to  be  used  for  bridges,  skyscrapers,  churches,  ships,  ra 

roads,  and  for  general  constructional  use. 

Iron  and  Steel.    Distributed  by  Community  Motion  Picture  Service,  46  W 
24th  Street,  New  Yorlc  City. 


"FROM    SPRUCE    TO    NEWSPRINT" 

A   FREE  motion  picture  exhibition  has  been  given  in  lo( 
theaters  in  many  western  and  southern  cities  under  t 
auspices  of  prominent  newspapers  of  those  sections,    j 
eight  reel  educational  picture,  From  Spruce  to  Newsprint,  is  t 
feature  of  the  program  and  visualizes  the  vastness  of  the  nev 
paper  industry. 

The  average  reader   of  a  newspaper  little  realizes   what 
complicated  process  is  involved  in  making  the  paper  used 
publishers  or  the  tremendous  amount  of  capital  invested  in  1| 
enterprise.  ■ 

There  are  more  than  40  newsprint  mills  in  the  United  Sta ' 
which  run  regularly  and  40  others  which  occasionally  run  so 
newsprint.     In  Canada  there  are  19  newsprint  mills  and  spve 
others  are  planned  or  under  construction.     The  investment  \ 
these  mills  aggregates  $30,000,000,  exclusive  of  the  woodlanj 
The  larger  companies  in  Canada  own  enormous  areas  of  W' 


.1 


lands  or  have  obtained  cutting  rights  on  large  areas  of  so-cal 
crown  lands. 

The  total  production  of  newsprint  by  United  States  mills 
1921  will  be  about  1,500,000  tons,  and  by  Canadian  mills  ab) 
900,000  tons,  making  a  total  output  of  about  2,400,000  4 
Over  2,000,000  tons  of  this  production  will  be  used  by  publisB 
in  the  United  States. 

The  picture  shows  the  felling  of  the  trees,  their  transports 
by  sleighs  and  wagons,  the  log  rafts  and  jams  as  they  are  fla 
to  the  mill  where  the  wood  is  ground  to  pulp,  chemically  trei 
and  eventually  transformed  into  paper  rolls,  ready  for  ship: 
to  publishers  throughout  the  United  States. 


!1 


22 


'FROM  TREE  TO  HOME" 

FROM  TREE  TO  HOME,  a  new  two  reel  film  depicting  the  Ar- 
kansas Soft  Pine  industry,  is  ready  for  release.  It  tells 
graphically  the  work  of  the  lumber  jacks  in  cutting  trees 
in  southern  pine  woods,  selecting  only  the  old  and  mature  trees 
for  removal,  the  duties  of  the  log  scalers  who  measure  the 
lumber  and  keep  an  account  of  the  actual  footage  sent  each  day 
from  the  woods  by  rail  to  the  mill  of  the  Southern  Lumber  Com- 
pany. There  is  always  an  element  of  the  dramatic  in  the  felling 
and  transportation  of  big  trees,  but  this  lumber  picture  differs 
from  those  of  the  northwestern  lumber  scenes  as  it  shows  the 
negro  taking  an  active  part  in  the  industry.  The  two  huge  mills 
of  the  Southern  Lumber  Company  are  shown  and  the  logs  being 
unloaded  from  the  cars  into  the  ~  mill  pond  where  they  are 
sorted  and  started  up  the  mill  chute.  Upon  their  arrival  they 
are  cut,  the  bark  is  removed,  the  logs  sawed  into  proper  lengths, 
and  the  flaws  and  imperfections  of  the  wood  cut  away.  The  film 
contains  scenes  of  close-ups  of  the  big  saws  of  the  mill  in  opera- 
tion and  the  camera  follows  the  lumber  as  it  passes  from  one 
power  driven  machine  to  another.  The  high  grade  wood  is  steam 
kiln  dried  but  the  lower  grades  pass  through  a  bath  of  soda  solu- 
tion. This  prevents  sap-stain  and  insures  a  bright  finish  to  the 
lumber. 

The  lumber  is  then  cut  into  planks  and  the  smaller  pieces  used 
for  manufacturing  boxes,  step-ladders,  and  other  articles  made 
of  wood.  The  sawdust  from  the  mill  is  used  for  fuel  for  the 
engine  of  the  power  house,  making  it  possible  to  supply  sufficient 
power  to  operate  all  the  machines  of  the  plant.  When  the  lumber 
has  gone  through  the  mill,  the  trade  mark  is  put  on.  Then  the 
lumber  is  stored  and  seasoned  in  waterproof  sheds  ready  for  ship- 
ment. 

The  workmen  of  the  Southern  Lumber  Company  are  provided 
with  good  homes  and  a  community  spirit  is  encouraged.  Schools 
for  white  and  colored  children,  including  high  schools,  are  shown. 
■Churches  in  the  camp  bring  the  families  of  the  workmen  together, 
encouraging  the  high  standard  of  cooperation  developed  by  the 
welfare  department  of  the  mills.  A  physician  lives  in  the  camp 
to  give  medical  aid  to  the  residents  of  the  district  and  the  Y.  M. 
C.  A.  furnishes  recreation  and  classes  for  study  for  the  mill  work- 
«rs.  The  durability  of  Arkansas  soft  pine  is  proved  by  examples 
•of  homes  built  of  this  lumber,  some  of  them  very  old  but  in  ex- 
icellent  condition. 

From  Tree  to  Home.  Produced  and  distributed  by  Harcol  Film  Company, 
Inc..   New  Orleans,   for  the  Southern   Lumber  Company,  Warren,   Arlc. 

UNITED  STATES  MOTOR  TRUCK  TWO-REELER 

AGENTS,  salesmen,  and  prospective  purchasers  are  being 
shown  the  new  two  reel  film  made  for  the  United  States 
Motor  Truck  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  by  Rothacker.  The 
picture  covers  the  manufacturing  process  and  in  animated  draw- 
ings explains  the  operation  of  the  engine,  the  brake,  the  drive, 
and  the  unusual  features  about  the  construction  of  this  motor 
tnicL 

Many  different  tasks  are  ahead  of  the  film.  It  will  play  an 
important  part  in  an  intensive  drive  for  new  agencies.  It  will 
appear  before  business  men's  organizations  and  at  conventions. 
Ejnployers  having  a  large  number  of  truck  drivers  may  have  the 
picture  exhibited  before  their  employees  on  the  theory  that  if  a 
worker  is  given  a  fuller  appreciation  of  a  truck  he  will  take  belter 
care  of  that  truck.  Eventually  the  picture  will  be  screened  be- 
fore labor  unions.  Copies  of  the  film  with  titles  printed  in 
foreign  languages  will  be  used  by  agencies  all  over  the  world. 


INDUSTRIAL  FILM  NOTES 

AT  the  meeting  of  the  Detroit  Engineering  Society  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
auditorium,  October  7,  motion  pictures  of  the  hvdrft-electric  system 
in  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mountains  of  California  were  exhibited."  The 
impulse  water  Wheels  of  the  plant  are  the  larftest  in  the  world,  each  gen- 
erating 30,000  horse  power.  The  operation  of  this  plant  will  save  the 
state  of  California  1,000,000  gallons  of  fuel  a  year,  it  is  estimated.  The 
film  was  produced  for  Stone  &  Webster,  Inc.,  the  construction  engineers 
of  the  plant. 

Motion  pictures  of  the  1921  International  Wheat  Show  at  Wichita, 
Kansas,  are  being  exhibited  in  theaters  throughout  Kansas  and  Okla- 
homa. The  film  includes  live  stock  exhibits,  horse  races,  agricultural  ex- 
hibits, farm  machinery,  and  all  the  attractions  of  the  recent  Wheat 
Show.  The  picture  was  produced  by  the  Wichita  Theater  Company, 
which  is  distributing  it,  and  a  print  will  be  kept  as  a  record  by  the 
Wichita  Board  of  Commerce. 

An  instructive  two  reeler  on  the  making  of  silverware  shows  silver 
bullion  being  cut  and  rolled  until  thin  enough  to  mold  and  ready  to  be 
made  into  artistic  articles  of  use  and  beauty  for  the  table.  The  entire 
process  of  making  spoons  and  forks  is  visualized,  handwork  being  an  im- 
portant element  in  the  manufacture  of  silver.  Platters,  pitchers,  coffee- 
pots, and  other  large  articles  of  table  silver  are  shown  in  process  of 
manufacture  with  close-ups  of  various  methods  of  producing  the  different 
types  of  decoration  familiar  to  all  of  us,  such  as  chasing,  snarling, 
scratchmg,  hand-hammering,  and  gilding.  Many  large  articles  of  silver 
are  made  m  sections  and  soldered  together;  these  and  other  secrets  of 
the  sdversmith's  art  are  revealed  in  this  interesting  film  which  is  dis- 
tributed by  the  Community  Motion  Picture  Service. 

■ogir,    uas   ueen   moved   to    iNew    York   City.       I'^arronai    tuo 

ibution  will  be  effected  through  district  offices  located  in  the 


BE  A  PHOTOGRAPfflC  JOURNALIST 

New  profession,  large  salaries,  wonderful  traveling  experience,  tU 
expenses  paid.  Hundreds  in  demand.  Easy  to  leatn.  Amateur 
photographers  and  l<odak  owners  especially.  Particulars  free. 
Complete   course,    lesson    plans,   etc.,    prepaid,   $5.00.    Address 


SIMPLEX  TITLE  SHOP 


TITLES 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


ANIMATION 


TRAILERS 


Phone  Bryant  985 


220  WEST  42ND  STREET 


NEW  YORK 


Colura  Color  Photography  Process  Exclusively 


Orders  Deliyered  in  12  Hours — Estimates  Furnished 


TeU  the  advertUer  you  read  kit  ad  in  Bodcational  Film  tltouiNS — it  meant  better  eerviee  for  you 

23 


l^T-i 


MEWS  CLOSE-UPS  from  FILM  PRODUCERS 


"CHRONICLES  OF  AMERICA"  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  REELS 

George  Parmly  Day,  Treasurer  of  Yale  University,  Professors  Far- 
rand  and  Spaulding,  and  Many  Noted  Authors  to  Visualize 
in  Motion  Pictures  the  Fifty  Volume  History  Pub- 
lished by  Yale  University  Press 


YALE  University  Press,  under  the  authority  of  the  council's 
committee  on  publications  of  Yale  University,  will  super- 
vise the  making  of  one  hundred  reels  of  motion  pictures, 
depicting   American   history.     Production   has   been   en- 
trusted to  The  Chronicles  of  America  Picture  Corporation,  or- 
ganized for  this  express  purpose  and  incorporated  under  the  laws 
of  the  State  of  New  York,  with  offices  in  New  York  City. 

George  Parmly    Day,    treasurer    of    Yale    University     (and 
founder)  of  Yale  University  Press,  is  president  of  the  new  com- 
pany.   Dr.  Max  Farrand,  professor  of  American  History  at  Yale, 
and  Dr  FranK  T<'"="'"'-^1'  'J^onlrUnrr   Stprlinfj-  nrofessor  of  school 
chick  and  hen-bred  methods.    The  screen  will  instruct  be^jg 
about  feed  for  various  purposes,  such  as  marketing,  layir.g 
growing;   analysis  of  symptoms  and  treatment  of  disease, 
pests;  in  management  of  cockerel  and  full-grown  cock;  in  c 
izing,  culling  the  flock,  and  similar  everyday  problems  o 
poultry  farm.  , 

"Tricks  of  the  Trade,"  drawn  from  the  experiences  of  sj. 

senting  public  school  as  well  as  university  opinion.  The  best 
technical  skill  will  be  employed,  and  the  pictures  will  have  every 
advantage  that  modern  photography,  lighting,  and  effectiveness 
in  costuming  and  setting  can  give. 

Under  the  direction  of  Yale  University  Press  preliminary  work 
has  been  proceeding  for  two  years,  including  research  of  the  most 
exacting  kind.  Several  thousand  photographs,  originals  and 
reproductions,  constituting  an  unusual  collection  of  Americana, 
have  been  acquired. 

The  Chronicles  of  America  Pictures,  it  is  believed,  will  serve 
as  a  valuable  adjunct  to  teaching.  They  are  not  designed  to 
supplant  present  methods  of  instruction,  but  to  assist  them,  and 
to  inculcate  ideals  of  good  citizenship.  The  one  hundred  reels 
will  be  grouped  into  coherent  phases,  every  important  stage  in 
the  development  of  America  being  treated. 

Decision  to  produce  these  motion  pictures  grew  out  of  the 
success  of  the  Yale  University  Press  fifty  volume  history  series, 
"The  Chronicles  of  America."  When  the  first  ten  narratives  had 
appeared,  requests  came  from  many  quarters  that  the  human 
interest  employed  should  be  converted  into  screen  plays.  The 
entire  book  plan  was  based  on  writing  in  terms  of  men  and 
women  rather  than  of  battles  and  dates. 

All  material  used  in  the  fifty  volumes  of  The  Chronicles  of 


SALESMEN  AND  REPRESENTATIVES 

WANTED 

In  all  large  rltle»  and  conntlea  In  America.  Kxclualve  territory 
granted.  KJaay  to  earn  $3.0<Xt  to  >6,000  on  commUalon  baala,  Intro- 
during  The  Walhamore  Onmplete  and  Special  Lines  of  Baalneaa 
^rrlre.  Nationally  advertiapd.  r..eads  furnlahed.  Snb-agenta  may 
be  appointed.  Ileal  opportunity  for  men  and  women  of  ability,  per- 
•onality  and  appearance.  Write  at  once  -while  territory  may  b«  chosen. 
State  age,  quallficatlona,  etc. 

THE    WALHAMOBE   CO.,    Snlea   Dept.,    I.«ta7ett«   Bide,   PhllA.,   Fa. 


America  has  been  placed  at  the  disposal  of  this  new  motion 
picture  corporaiion.  The 'producers  will  have  at  their  command 
the  sources  and  history  treatment  of  such  distinguished  authors 
as  Allen  Johnson,  Bliss  Perry,  Stewart  Edward  White,  Ralph  D. 
Paine,  John  Moody,  Emerson  Hough,  Constance  Lindsay  Skinner, 
Nathaniel  W.  Stephenson,  Burton  J.  Hendrick,  Charles  Seymour, 
William  R.  Shepherd,  Ellsworth  Huntington,  William  Wood, 
William  Bennett  Munro,  Mary  Johnston,  Charles  M.  Andrews, 
George  M.  Wrong,  Carl  Becker,  Edward  S.  Corwin,  Herbert  E. 
Bolton,  Edwin  E.  Slosson,  and  Harold  Howland. 

Members  of  the  board  of  directors'  of  the  film  producing  cor- 
poration are: 

George  Parmly  Day,  treasurer  of  Yale  University,  and  presi- 
dent (and  founder)  of  Yale  University  Press. 

Elton  Parks,  formerly  senior  member  of  the  law  firm  of  Parks 
&  McKinstry,  and  secretary  of  Yale  University  Press. 

Robert  Glasgow,  the  well  known  publisher,  whose  work  in  con- 
nection with  planning  The  Chronicles  of  America  was  deemed 
of  such  public  service  by  Yale  that  the  honorary  degree  of  master 
of  arts  was  conferred  upon  him  by  the  university. 


DEMOCRACY  IN 
EDUCATION 

A  two-reel  film  demonstrating  the  Cour- 
tis Standard  Practice  Tests  in  Handwriting 
and  their  influence  in  developing  the  quali- 
ties of  self -appraisal,  self -direction,  honesty, 
and  co-operation. 

Historical  scenes  of  the  growth  and  devel- 
opment of  the  United  States. 

Free  distribution  but  transportation 
charges  paid  by  exhibitor. 

WORLD  Book  Company 

Yonkera-on-Hndson,  New  York 


Tell  the  adverti$er  you  read  Aif  ad  in  Eoucational  Fn.M  Magazine— it  Tneaiu  better  service  /or  you 

24 


Arthur  Herbert  Brook,  the  executive  who  shaped  and  directed 
the  selling  organization. 

Robert  Emmet  MacAlarney,  formerly  managing  editor  for 
Famous  Players-Lasky  Corporation,  and  until  recently  produc- 
tion manager  for  Famous  Players-Lasky  Corporation,  Ltd.,  in 
London.  Mr.  MacAlarney  will  be  general  production  manager 
of  the  new  company. 

William  Todd  De  Van,  associated  with  Yale  University  Press 
in  connection  with  The  Chronicles  of  America  since  1918. 

Arthur  Edwin  Krows,  formerly  continuity  editor  for  The  Vita- 
graph  Company  of  America.  Mr.  Krows 's  experience  in  the 
preparation  of  screen  scripts  has  been  utilized  in  constructing 
the  first  group  of  scenarios. 

NEW  NON-THEATRICAL  PRODUCTION  ON  BIG  SCALE 

FOLLOWING  a  two-year  survey  and  research  to  ascertain  the 
requirements  of  churches,  religious  organizations,  schools 
and  colleges,  industrial  welfare  departments,  and  other 
non-theatrical  groups,  and  a  canvass  of  ideas  and  opinions  ex- 
tending over  thirty  states.  The  Pictorial  Club,  Incorporated,  has 
finally  entered  upon  active  participation  in  the  non-theatrical 
motion  picture  field.  More  than  seventy  reels  have  been  pro- 
duced thus  far  to  be  made  up  into  unit  progr&ms  and  rented 
on  a  contract  basis  to  exhibitors  in  this  fileld.  An  important 
point  to  be  borne  in  mind  is  the  fact  that  these  pictures  are  "first 
run"  exclusively  for  the  non-theatrical  field.  It  is  the  policy 
of  the  company  to  release  all  film  productions  only  to  churches, 
schools,   clubs,   and  similar   institutions   and   organizations. 

Ollie  Sellers  has  completed  several  photoplays  and  is  at 
present  collaborating  with  a  group  of  Pacific  Coast  ecclesiastics 
in  creating  a  drama  of  national  historical  interest.  The  stories 
are  mainly  western  and  the  characters  rugged  and  well  defined, 
offering  excellent  motifs  for  lesson  weaving.  William  R.  Lighton 
has  transposed  some  of  his  Saturday  Evening  Post  yarns  to 
scenarios  and  personally  directed  them.  Archer  McMaken  is 
directing  a  unique  series  of  two  reel  Bible  dramas. 

Imposing  settings  and  appropriate  costumes  of  the  early  Chris- 
tian era  grace  these  interpretations  by  well-chosen  artists.  First 
of  the  series  is  As  We  Forgive,  based  on  Paul's  letter  to  Philemon, 
reviewed  in  the  September,  1920  issue  of  Educational  Film  Mag- 
azine. The  theme  is  one  of  forgiveness  for  wrong-doing  and 
the  Apostle's  message  is  linked  with  a  present-day  sociological 
problem. 

To  further  insure  the  highest  moral  tone  in  their  productions 
the  company  has  secured  the  consent  of  prominent  clergymen 


COMMERCIAL  TEACHEBS  AND  SUPEBINTENDENTS 

should  see  to  it  that  The  Walhamore  Complete  BattinesB  Service  is 
»eeeived  regularly  for  teacher  and  class  use.  It  covers  Bnsiness  Ad- 
ministration, Acrountine,  Advertisins.  Meroliandisins.  Saiesmansliip 
and  Federal  Taxation  thoroughly  and  continuously.  New  Bulletin 
every  five  days — 72  Bulletins  per  year — loose-leaf  form  with  handsome 
leather  Binder.  Annual  Subscription  ?15  00.  Six  different  sampk 
Bulletins   prepaid   for  25c,  to   introduce.     Particulars   Free. 

THE  WALHAMOBE  CO.,  619C,  Lafayette  Bids.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


HAVE  YOU  A  FILM  LIBRARY? 

You  can  have  immediate  shipment  on  hundreds  of  single  reel  subject!. 

A    splendid    motion    picture    flim    library    for    you    at    minimum    coat. 

History  Science  Agriculture 

Geography  Industrials  Scenics 

Perfect  condition  guaranteed.    tlS-ftO  per  (ublect. 

Write  for  catalogue  and  full  paTticultar$ 

FITZPATRICK  &  McELROY 
202  So.  State  St.  Chicago,  Illinoia. 


and  prelates  to  act  as  a  board  of  review  for  the  United  States. 
No  pictures  will  be  released  which  do  not  receive  the  full  ap- 
proval of  this  group.  The  reviewers  are  reported  to  have  been 
tolh  surprised  and  delighted  with  the  programs  and  have 
proffered   their  heartiest   personal   endorsements. 

Over  seventy  thousand  feet  of  splendid  subjects  are  available 
for  immediate  use  and  six  producing  units  are  busily  at  work 
on  the  Pacific  Coast.  The  list  of  subjects  includes  Bible  dramas, 
comedies,  dramas,  scenics,  microscopies,  animated  comedies, 
scientific  and  educational  pictures. 

In  order  to  relieve  non-theatrical  exhibitors  of  the  trouble  of 
assembling  films  from  various  sources  Pictorial  Clubs  are  offer- 
ing their  productions  in  a  series  of  eight  reel  balanced  prograuns. 
The  primary  purpose  of  the  offerings  is  entertainment  of  an  ele- 
vating character.  The  stories  are  vigorous  and  appealing,  yet 
each  offers  a  simple,  subtly-interwoven  lesson  of  edification.  The 
plan  is  a  big  step  forward  in  meeting  the  demand  for  photo- 
dramas  in  line  with  the  better  films  movement. 

The  production  units  are  located  in  and  about  Los  Angeles 
and  the  national  headquarters,  which  was  established  at  Chatta- 
nooga, has  been  moved  to  New  York  City.  National  dis- 
tribution will  be  effected  through  district  offices  located  in  the 


BE  A  PHOTOGRAPHIC  JOURNALIST 

New  profession,  large  salaries,  wonderful  traveling  experience,  lU 
expenses  paid.  Hundreds  in  demand.  Basy  to  learn.  Amateur 
photographers  and  kodalc  ovraers  especially.  Particulars  free. 
Complete   course,    lesson    plans,    etc.,    prepaid,    $5.00.     Address 

THE  WALHAMORE  CO.,  Latayelte  Bldg.,  PhU«.,  Pa. 


If  You  Have  Not  Booked 

THE  MASTER  PICTURE 

BLACK  BEAUTY 

Get  in 'touch  with  any  of  the  following  Vitagraph 
Ebcchanges  at  once 


Albany,  N.  Y 48  Howard  Street 

Atlanta,  Ga Ill  Walton  Street 

Boston,  Mass 131  Arlington  Street 

Buffalo,   N.  Y 257  Franltlin  Street 

Chicago,  111 889-848  S.  Wabash  Ave. 

Cincinnati,  0 Corner  7th  and  Main  Streets 

Cleveland,  O Payne   Avenue   and   E.   21st  Street 

Dallas,   Texas    1801-1803  Commerce  Street 

Denver,  Colo 1 734  Welton  Street 

Detroit,  Mich John  R  and  Elizal>eth  Streets 

Kansas  City,  Mo 17th  and  Main  Streets 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 643  South  Olive  Street 

Minneapolis,  Minn 608  First  Ave.,  North 

Montreal,  Canada   401  Bleury  Street 

New  Orleans,  La.    420  Camp  Street 

New  Yorlc.  N.  Y 1600  Broadway 

Olilahoma  City,  Oltla 115  South  Hudson  Street 

Omaha.  Neb 1312   Howard  Street 

Philadelphia,  Pa 1227  Vine  Street 

Pittsburgh,    Pa 117  Fourth  Avenue 

St.  John,  N.  B.,  Canada 27-28  Prince  William  Street 

St.  Louis,  Mo 3310  Lindell  Boulevard 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah   62  Exchange  Place 

San    Francisco,  Cal 215  Golden   Gate  Avenue 

Seattle.    Wash 1915  Third  Avenue 

Toronto.  Canada    21   Dundas  Street,  E.M.st 

Wn.'ihington,  D.  C 712  Eleventh  Street,  N.  W. 

Winnipeg,    Manitoba,    Canada 43-45  Louise  Street 


Tell  the  advertiser  you  read  his  ad  in  Educational  Film  Magazine— it  means  better  service  for  you 

26 


greater  cities.     To  facilitate  prompt  deliveries  sub-offices  will  be 
established  in  the  larger  towns  of  these  zones. 

The  Pictorial  Clubs  of  New  York,  with  offices  at  33  West  42nd 
Street,  has  been  incorporated  to  serve  as  the  central  agency  for 
New  York,  New  Jersey  and  Connecticut.  Officers  of  the  com- 
pany are:  William  L.  Lee,  president;  M.  Louis  Caton,  vice-presi- 
dent; Andrew  J.  Regan,  vice-president;  Harry  T.  Hatcher,  secre- 
tary and  treasurer;  and  Karl  R.  Henrich,  assistant  secretary  and 
treasurer. 

Mh      ninii 

PHOTOPHONE  FILMS  VOICE  AS  WELL  AS  SPEAKER 

A  SWEDISH  invention  called  the  photophone  is  said  to 
photograph  the  voice  as  well  as  the  figure  of  a  speaker  and 
reproduce  both  synchronously.  A  description  of  the 
instrument,  written  by  W.  Bayard  Hale,  was  printed  in  The 
London  Times  recently.  There  is  neither  disc  nor  needle,  nor 
any  of  the  characteristic  appliances  of  the  phonograph  about  it, 
says  Mr.  Hale.     It  actually  photographs  the  voice. 

The  vocal  recording  machine  is  equipped  with  "a  delicate  dia- 
phragm of  rock  crystal,"  upon  the  back  of  which  "falls  a  slender 
shaft  of  light,  which  "is  reflected  into  the  camera."  When  the 
crystal  diaphragm  is  agitated  by  a  speaker's  voice,  the  ray  of 
light  is  reflected  into  the  camera  at  a  constantly  changing  angle,, 
with  the  result  that  it  writes  on  the  film  "curves  corresponding 
to  the  sound  waves  which  are  agitating  it."  This  film  is  the 
photographic  record  of  the  voice. 

To  convert  this  record  into  vocal  sounds  the  projecting  ma- 
chine employs  the  substance  known  as  selenium,  "which  pos- 
sesses the  curious  property  of  resisting  the  passage  of  electricity, 
in  proportion  to  the  degree  of  light  in  which  it  is  bathed."  The 
film  is  projected  upon  a  selenium  cell  incorporated  in  an  electric 
current.  "As  the  current  passes  through  it,  this  cell  controls 
and  modifies  its  strength  to  an  exquisite  degree,  as  there  falls  upon 
it  the  flicker  of  the  lights  and  shadows  of  the  sound  film.  The 
electric  current,  as  it  emerges  from  the  selenium  cell,  is  vibrating 
in  precise  correspondence  with  the  vibrations  of  the  light-waves, 
and  with  the  sound-waves  of  which  they  are  a  reproduction."  The 
current,  amplified,  is  conducted  to  the  horn  of  a  loud-speaking 
telephone,  from  which  the  speaker's  voice  issues.  The  synchro- 
nizing of  the  voice  and  its  accompanying  motion  pictures  is 
accomplished  by  exposing  and  projecting  both  films,  the  visual 
and  the  vocal,  from  a  common  shaft. 

Mr.  Hale  writes  that  he  witnessed  a  thoroughly  satisfactory 
demonstration  of  the  photophone  in  the  Experimental  Labora- 
tory of  Brevik,  near  Stockholm,  and  that  he  has  been  told  of 
"new  and  enormous  possibilities  of  amplification,  which  sug- 
gest the  possibility  of  lighthouses  which  shout  their  names  over 
sixty  miles  at  sea." 

Sven  Aison  Bergland  is  the  "leader  of  a  band  of  inventors," 
who  have  been  working  on  the  photophone  for  twelve  years. 


CHINESE  FILMS  TO  REGENERATE  CHINA 
'T'O  reclaim  China  from  opium,  gambling,  superstition,  ig- 
norance,  and  prejudice  against  foreigners  is  the  avowed 
object  of  the  Wah  Ming  Motion  Picture  Company,  of  304  Mar- 
chessault  street,  Los  Angeles,  California,  under  the  management 
of  James  Leong,  said  to  be  the  only  Chinese  supervising  director 
in  the  film  industry. 

"The  picture  show  is  to  take  the  place  of  the  village  tavern 
with  all  its  influence  for  evil,"  declares  a  statement  recently 
issued  by  this  company,  "and  the  Chinese  are  to  be  educated  and 
morally  uplifted  by  means  of  pictures  they  can  understand — 
pictures  made  by  Chinese  for  the  Chinese,  but  employing  Ameri- 
can methods  and  seventy  per  cent  American  players  until  such 
time  as  Chinese  actors  and  technicians  may  be  developed  to  take 
their  places." 

The  first  photoplay  production  is  Lotus  Blossom,  written  by 
Mr.  Leong  and  starring  Lady  Tsen  Mei,  Chinese  prima  donna. 
The  picture  will  first  be  shown  in  this  country  and  later  in 
China,  with  Chinese  titles.  For  the  present  four  special  features 
a  year  will  be  the  schedule. 

W*  ^ 
PRIZMA  WINS  PATENT  CASE 
THHE  patent  office  interference,  obtained  by  A.  Hernandez-Mejia 
in  1918,  with  the  Kelly  patent  owned  by  Prizma,  Inc.,  was 
on  January  3  finally  decided  in  favor  of  William  V.  D.  Kelley, 
technical  adviser  of  Prizma,  by  the  unanimous  decision  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals  of  the  District  of  Columbia.  The  cause  of  the 
controversy  relates  to  methods  of  making  double-coated  positive 
motion  picture  film  in  natural  colors,  and  the  product  itself. 


u 


FOX  OPENS  EDUCATIONAL  AND  INDUSTRIAL  DIVISION 

NDER  the  direction  of  Herbert  E.  Hancock,  formerly  head  of  Fox 
News,  with  general  supervision  by  William  Fox,  president,  and  Win- 
field  R.  Sheehan,  vice-president  and  general  manager,  the  Fox  Film 
Corporation  has  launched  an  educational  and  industrial  division.  This 
will  be  wholly  independent  of  the- company's  amusement  enterprise.  The 
announcement  states  that  separate  staffs  of  directors,  scenario  writers, 
librarians,  technical  men,  artists,  animators,  and  clerical  force  will  be 
employed. 

The  film  library  of  Fox  News  is  said  to  contain  more  than  a  million 
feet  of  negative  from  which  hundreds  of  informational  subjects  may 
be  obtained.  The  industrial  division  has  already  produced  several  pic- 
tures, it  is  stated. 

All  of  the  exchanges  in  this  country  and  branch  ofiSces  abroad  have 
been  instructed  to  cooperate  with  the  New  York  headquarters.  About 
300  cameramen  in  various  parts  of  the  world  will  serve  these  new  divi- 
sions. It  is  believed  that  many  valuable  new  educational  and  industrial 
film  subjects  and  much  helpful  exchange  service  to  non-theatric.il  exhi- 
bitors will  result  from  this  vetnure  on  the  part  of  one  of  the  ohlest  old- 
line  theatrical  organizations. 


MOTION    PICTURES    FOR    CHURCHES 

SCHOOLS,  CLUBS,  Y.  M.  C.  A's.,  etc. 
Alwayt  Use  an  Edited  Picture  Program 

EDITED  PICTURES  SYSTEM 


71  West  «Srd  Street 
New  York   City 


UNIVERSAL    SEEKS    SUPERINTENDENTS'    CO-OPERATION 

TN  increasing  the  sales  of  his  historical  chapter-plays  which  include 
the  Winner!  of  the  West  series,  Carl  I^aeminle  of  Universal  has 
adopted  the  plan  of  sending  a  letter,  a  color  map  of  Africa  and  a  press 
book  to  7,000  school  superintendents  In  the  country.  The  letter  is  a 
straightforward  message  advising  of  the  educational  values  of  these 
pictures,  dealing  especially  with  a  description  of  With  Stanley  in  Africa 
and  the  press  book  ably  backs  it  up  with  examples  of  advertisements, 
stories  about  the  players,  and  a  synopsis. 

Tell  the  advertiser  you  read  hit  ad  in  Educational 

26 


WRITE    FOR    ^^°    NEWSPAPERS 

Easily  learned.  Our  2a  Lesson  Coun* 
Tl/r  \  (^  \  n^  T  IVr  17  C  '"  Journalism  covers  every  phase  of 
IVL  I\  \T  J\.  Ll  X  il  JCi  tj  newspaper,  niafrazlne  and  trade  jour- 
nal writinif  under  competent  instru<v 
tors  at  a  total  cost  to  you  of  ONLY  $S.0».  Big  demand  for  news  writers. 
Bar-n  $8.00  In  $10.00  per  daj/— men  or  women.  2.1,000  publications  In 
America  need  your  services.  An  opportunity  in  every  town.  Remit  by 
checl<  or  money  order  and  begin  earning  money  at  once. 

THE    WALHAMORE    INSTITUTE,    Dept.    60N, 
r.ar»y»tte   Building  Philadelphia.   Fa. 


Film  Magazine — it  means  belter  service  lor  V(m 


1    reel 
1   reel 


By  Mabel  G.  Foster 

RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (Men's  Groups) 

iY  OF   BIG   BASS   ON   LONG   ISLAND— iVafiona/  Non- 
Theatrical    - _ 1    reel 

Irvin  S.  Cobb,  who  is  one  of  the  fishermen  in  the  picture, 
has  written  the  interesting  sub-titles. 
.'HLETIC  MOVEMENTS  ANALYZED.     Part  Z—PathS  .„    1    reel 
Champions  and  ex-champions  illustrate  in  slow-motion  base- 
ball, javelin-throwing,  pole  vault,  high  jump,  walking,  hurd- 
ling and  fancy  diving. 

IE   MOLLY'CODDLE— {/nited  Artists  6  reels 

One  of  Douglas  Fairbanks'  most  strenuous  and  amusing 
pictures. 

AMERICAN  HISTORY  (Colonization) 

lAINT  FOLKS  AND  BEAUTIFUL  SCENES  OF  CAPE 

X)D — Carter  Cinema  Distributing  Corp.  . 1    reel 

The   region   made   famous   by   the  landing  of   the   Pilgrim 

Fathers. 
DRY  OF  PLYMOUTH  ROCK— ^teine _ 1    reel 

The  I>anding  of  the  Pilgrims. 
rOLISH    SETTLEMENTS    IN    NORTH    AMERICA— So- 
iety  for  Visual  Education _ I    reel 

How  the  English  strengthened  their  foothold  in  America  by 

comparatively     close     colonization,     thus     vanquishing    the 

French. 
'ANGELINE  LAND— ^4.  C.  Derr  Co „ 1    reel 

Views  in  the  Annapolis  Valley,  Nova  Scotia,  first  settled 

by  the  French. 

TRAVEL  PROGRAM  (Egypt) 

AND  ABOUT  CAIRO— ^ineio  1    reel 

Street   scenes.     Archeological   relics   in   Egyptian   Museum. 
TI  TNG  ON  THE  SPHINX— National  Non-Theatrical  Mo- 
Pictures,  Inc.   (Burton  Holmes),  232  W.  38th  St.,  New 

-e  views  of  the  celebrated  relic. 
■  OF  THE  DESERT— Carter  Cinema  Distributing  Corp. 

Prizma),  220  W.  42nd  St.,  New  York  

Views  of  the  Sahara. 

RELIGIOUS  PROGRAM 

^DOVl'S— Educational    1    reel 

A  beautiful  and  well-titled  scenic  preparing  the  mind  for 
the  deep  lesson  of  the  following  picture. 
IE  SERVANT  IN  THE  HOUSE— Fiim  Booking  Co.,  729  7th' 

Ivenue,  New  York  _ _ 8    reels 

Charles  Rann  Kennedy's  drama  of  Christlike  service. 

TUBERCULOSIS  PREVENTION  PROGRAM 

.KE  NO  CHANCES— CarZy/e  Ellis,  71  West  23rd  St.,  N.  Y 2  reels 

Illustrates  in  story  form  the  advantages  to  tuberculous 
persons  of  promptly  taking  treatment  at  well-equipped  sani- 
tariums. 

rr  OF  THE  SHADOWS— fJ.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture 2  reels 

A  story  illustrating  the  farmer's  duty  in  preventing  the 
spread  of  tuberculosis  through  infected  cattle. 

RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (General) 

IE  RED  TRAIL'S  EVID— Educational  _ 1    reel 

I  Pueblo  life  of  the  Taos  Indians  showing  blending  of  ancient 

and  modern  customs. 
'EET  LAVENDER— Fomo«*  _ _ _    5  reds 

Marv  Miles  .Minter  in  a  love  story  of  college  davs. 
)GAR  CAMPS  OVT—Gohlwyn  ....'. .'. 2  reels 

Booth  Tarkington's  comedy  of  a  boy's  imagination  before 

and  after  dark. 

RECREATIONAL  PROGRAM  (General) 

IE  MAKI.VG  OF  100-TON  GUNS— .Veto  Era  Films  _...     1    reel 

HAT  FORM  MEANS  TO  AN  ATHLETE— iVezc  Era  Films    J    reel 

Making  cannons  at  U.  S.  .\rsenal,  Watervliet,  N.  Y.     How 
j   keeping  in  form  physically  promotes  good  health. 
llE  AMATEUR  GENTLEMAN— Community  Motion  Picture 
I  iervice    6  reels 

Jeffrey  Farnol's  delightful  novel. 

iOONERS— Educational    1    reel 

!   How  Auntie  tested  the  loyalty  of  her  niece's   sweetheart. 

Note:     There  is  social  card-playing  in  this  film. 

INDUSTRIAL  PROGRAM   (Noon  Hour) 

,LLARS  OF  THE  SKY— Western  Electric  . 1    reel 

Gathering  and  milling  the  raw  product  for  telephone  cross 
arms  and  conduits. 
iKINK  TELEPHONES  IN  TOKIO— Western  Electric  1    reel 

A  western  industry  in  an  Oriental  setting. 

Tell  the  advertiser  you  read  hi*  ad  in  Educational 

27 


GOOD  NEWS! 

You  can  now  book  this  great  Charles  Dickens  picture 


Hailed  by  New  York: 


'Marvelous  . 
Tribune. 


.  we  guarantee  satisfaction." — New  York 


"Classic  ...  an  achievement  seldom  seen  on  the  screen." 

— New   York  Evening   Telegram. 
"Beautifully    done."  —  New    York    Morning    Telegraph. 
"Greatest     satisfaction."  —  New     York     Evenina     Hail. 
"Shining   example    of   something   good    in    the   movies." 

— New  York  Daily  Newt. 

"Of  the  highest  class,  a  standard  raiser.— Editorial  Mov- 
ing Picture  World. 
"Charm  and  interest." — New  York  Journal. 
"Care  and   Intelligence." — New   York  American. 
"Quaint  charm."^ — New  York  Evening  Post. 
"lyiterary  masterpiece." — New   York  Evening  Olobe. 
"Comedy  scenes  delicious." — New  York  Sun. 
"Delightfully    interesting." — Exhibitors'    Herald. 
"Captivating." — Motion  Picture  News. 

Endorsed  by  tbe  discriminating: 

"I  would  travel  miles  to  see." — Henry  Alexander,  Treas., 
The  Dickens  Fellowship  of  New  York. 

"I  wish  we  could  have  more  of  such  movies." — Rev.  Rob- 
ert Bruce  Clark. 

"Everyone  should  see  this  picture." — Edward  B.  Shallow, 
Asso.  Supt.,  Board  of  Education,  New  York. 


Listed : 


by  the  New  York  Times  among  the  27  imjx)rtant  pictures 
of  the  year;  by  The  National  Board  of  Review  among 
best  photoplays  of  the  year. 


This  Wonderful  Picture 

is  now  available  for  your  screen 

.\  master  writer's  great  work 

Our  Mutual 

FRIEND" 


<T<! 


A   story  that  tests  the  values  of  life,  weighing  love, 
wealth  anil  honor. 


A  full  ^evening's  entertainment 
(7698  ft.)  and  a  liberal  educa- 
tion in  the  genius  of  Charles 
Dickens. 


Can  you  afford  not  to  play  it? 


Produced  with  lavish  detail  and 
faithful  to  the  spirit  of  its  great 
creator,  it  is  a  superlative 
achievement  of  the  screen. 


Write  for  immediate  dates  and 
full    information    to 

-w—y  THE  DICKENS  fT^ 

r  ILMCR  AF 1 

1540  Broadway,  New  York 


Film   Magazine — it   means  better   service    for  yim 


HOW  TO  USE  FILMS  IN  SCHOOL 

(Continued  from  page  10) 

worked  out  without  departing  from  the  general 
cultural    and    character-developing    idea. 

To  be  thoroughly  satisfactory  and  give  the 
best  educational  results,  until  complete  courses 
are  made  available,  the  regular  program  in 
the  large  assembly  hall,  as  well  as  the  irregu- 
lar showings  in  the  classrooms,  should  correlate 
as  far  as  possible  with  the  textbooks  used  at 
the  school,  and  with  the  authorized  syllabi  or 
schedule  of  studies  for  the  school  year.  In 
other  words,  the  visual  part  of  school 
work  should  form  an  integral  part  of 
the  school  sdheme  and  wherever  it  enters 
into  the  work  of  an  institution  it  should  be 
taken  up  seriously,  professionally,  and  in  com- 
plete harmony  with  the  regular  scholastic  ac- 
tivities. No  hit  or  miss  method  should  be 
tolerated.  If  no  well-laid  visual  educational 
plan  can  be  formulated  to  co-ordinate  with 
certain  courses  or  certain  studies,  and  if  it 
cannot  be  executed  as  faithfully  and  as  efBci- 
ently  as  other  serious  work  at  the  school  or 
college,  it  had  better  not  be  undertaken  at  all. 

A  final  word  on  the  proper  method  of  dis- 
tribution of  school  and  college  films  seems 
advisable.  Circuiting  or  routing  of  pictures 
under  present  conditions  is  the  surest  way  to 
spoil  prints  and  discourage  manufacturers  and 
distributors  of  educational  films.  It  has  failed 
utterly  in  the  commercial  field,  and  regrettable 
as  the  fact  is,  the  average  teacher  or  principal 
has  no  realization  of  the  necessity  for  prompt- 
ness in  forwarding  a  reel  to  the  next  exhibitor. 
It  seems  absolutely  necessary  to  have  a  local 
office  which  can  keep  track  of  the  films  and 
keep  them  moving.  Another  serious  drawback 
is  the  fact  that  no  matter  how  skillful  the 
operators,  the  films  need  to  be  inspected, 
cleaned  and  repaired  at  frequent  intervals  if 
they  are  to  reach  the  exhibitor  in  good  condi- 
tion. School  teachers  and  principals  and  their 
operators  should  never  fail  to  realize  that  each 
reel  of  film  is  worth  from  $50  to  $150  and 
that  it  is  not  their  property  to  treat  with  scant 
consideration. 

The  logical  and  the  ideal  method  of  supply 
and  of  distribution  would  be  to  build  up  li- 
braries of  educational  subjects  in  one,  two  or 
three  central  places  within  each  state  and 
circulate  these  films  on  precisely  the  same  plan 
as  books  are  circulated  from  central  or  branch 
public  libraries.  In  a  small  state  like  Rhode 
Island  or  Delaware  one  central  source  of  sup- 
ply would  serve.  In  a  large  state  like  Texas  or 
California  three  or  even  more  central  dis- 
tributing points  should  be  maintained.  In 
every  case,  without  exception,  the  film  should 
be  delivered  direct  from  tlie  exchange  and  the 
exhibitor  (in  this  case,  the  school,  the  college, 
the  church,  or  other  local  institution)  should 
pay  tlie  transportation  charges  to  and  from 
the  exchange  and  a  reasonable  rental  per  day, 
per  two  days,  per  three  days,  per  week,  etc. 

School  Film  Libbabieb 
Some  institutions  may  prefer  to  own  certain 
classroom  films  which  are  exceptionally  active 
and  frequently  used  by  a  number  of  classes. 
The  8chm>l  may  even  build  up  a  limited  film 
library  of  its  own  where  the  conditions  de- 
mand thig  and  where  the  funds  are  available 
TeU  (Ae  advertiitr  you 


for  this  purpose.  The  general  adoption  of 
non-infiammable  film  and  the  possible  lowering 
of  costs  of  prints  as  time  goes  on  will  make  it 
feasible  for  many  schools  and  colleges  to  pos- 
sess film  libraries  of  their  own. 
Dpi       IID) 

EMOTIONAL    REACTIONS 

(Continued  from  page  11) 
No.  Do  not  let  us  be  so  foolish  as  to  think 
for  one  minute  that  shouting  our  own  wishes 
into  other  folk  will  graft  those  wishes  upon 
them:  because  it  won't.  The  wish  is  the  most 
sacred  part  of  an  individual's  make-up.  It  is 
absolutely  inviolable. 

Hence  we  see  that  because  a  film  is  planned 
to  be  non-theatrical,  that  is  not  to  say  it  should 
be,  or  may  be,  non-interesting.  On  the  con- 
trary, though  with  book  learning  the  con- 
tents of  an  uninteresting  printed  page  may, 
with  a  mental  effort,  be  "crammed"  into  the 
mind  by  the  aid  of  the  will,  the  appeal  of 
a  motion  picture,  being  by  way  of  visual  pre- 
sentation, depends  far  more  upon  interest  in 
the  first  place  to  get  it  home.  What  is  more, 
for  this  interest  to  be  aroused  it  is  important 
that  the  appeal  be  one  which  comes  close  to 
the  spectator.  There  are  two  sorts  of  close- 
ness, namely,  closeness  in  time  and  in  space. 
Again    we    at    once    come    upon    an    apparent 


RIBBONOLOGY— 3  REELS 

Cultivation  of  silk  worms  and  raw  all 
industry.  Manufacture  of  ribbons.  Den 
onstration  of  their  many  uses. 

Distributed      Free,      but      transportatio 
charges   paid   by  exhibitor. 

JOHNSON  COWDIN  &  CO.,  Inc 


88  East  SOtll   St. 


New  Yorlt  Cit 


AVAILABLE  FOR  FREE  DISTRIBUTION 
**The  Matciiig:  of  Soap,"  an  educational  film 
furnished  in  standard  or  Wrrow  gauge  In 
Mass.,  K.  I.,  Conn.,  N.  J.,  N.  Y.,  Del.,  Md., 
Washington,  D.  C,  and  Eastern  Pa.  We 
can  furnish  complete  entertainment  FBEE 
including  machine  and  operator. 
For  fnrthtr  in-  KIRKMAN  &  SON,  EdacaUonal  DiviBion 
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FOR  SCHOOLS,  CHURCHES 
COMMUNITIES,  LODGES,  HOME 
SOCIETIES 

You  need  a  powerful  reflective  screen  t 
day-light    or    semi-dark    conditions. 

For  twenty  years  we  have  made  all  kin 
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tains  of  Glass,  Goldfibre.  Aluminu 
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Write    stating    your    requirement 

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A  GRAND  SPREAD— 2  REELS 

The  making  of  nut  butter.  Gathering 
the  cocoanuts  and  peanuts  that  produce 
the  oils  which  are  combined  with  milk 
in   the  manufacture  of  Spredit. 

Distributed  Free,  but  transportation 
charges   paid   by   exhibitor. 

Available  onlv  in  Me.,  N.  H.,  Vt.,  Mass., 
R.  I.,  Conn.,  N.  Y.,  N.  J.,  Pa.,  Del.,  Md.,  D.  C, 
W.    Va.   and   Ohio. 

E.  A.  STEVENSON  &  CO.  Inc.,  Boonton,  N.  J. 


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A  Complete  Manual  of  Film  Lore  and  Technique 

MOTION  PICTURES  FOR  COMMUNITY  NEEDS 

By  GLADYS  BOLLMAN  and  HENRY  BOLLMAN 

Note:     Oladyt  Bollman  was  formerly  associate  Editor  of  Educational  Film  Maoakini 

Seven  years  working  experience  in  Educational  Film  work  crystallized  int( 
practical,  reliable  information  for  the  non-theatrical  exhibitor.    Tells  accurately 


Where  to  get  films 

What  Alms  are  available 

Arrange  cost  of  rentals 

How  to  make  motion  pictures  pay  for 

themselves 
100  suggested  programs 
Equipment  required  and  where  to  get  it 

Principles  of  operation. 

Legal  aspects  and  safety  regulations. 


The  price  of  this  book  is  $2.00  am 
"can  be  ordered  through  your  book 
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298  pp.  12mo.    Indexed. 
With  Diagrams. 


HENRY  HOLT  fie  COMPANY,  Publishers 


19  West  44th  St.,  N.  Y.  City 


read  hU  ad  in  Educational  Film   Magazine— i(   means  beller  $ervice  for  vou 


FLASHES  ON  THE  WORLD'S  SCREEN 


1 

Mcial  war  films  made  in  the  front 

Is  by  the  United  States  Signal  Corps 

(■e  shown  at  the  Broadway  Municl- 

Auditorium.  Louisville,  Ky.,  under 

auspices  and  for  the  benefit  of  the 

erican  Legion. 

♦ 
■he  public  schools  of  Indianapolis 
e  fallen  into  line  with  those  of 
er  cities  and  are  using  classroom 
a.  The  Society  for  Visual  Educa- 
1  is  supplying  both  projection  ma- 
les and   film  subjects. 

*  * 

he  Board  of  Education  of  Sioux 
•,  Iowa,  has  appropriated  a  small 
liminary  sum  for  the  purchase  of 
jectors  and  the  rental  of  films  for 
in  the  local  schools.  Programs 
showing  instructional  pictures  are 
K  prepared. 

*  * 

he  Salvation  Army  local  of  Marsh- 
I,  Wis.,  showed  films  of  the  organ- 
ton  activities  in  Europe  and  the 
[ed  States  in  the  City  Hall  assem- 
room.  recently  to  raise  a  fund  of 
00. 

*  * 

riic  Control   of   Hog  Cholera"  and 
Trip    to    Hawaiian    Islands"    were 
films    shown    recently    at    Collins 
ti  Soliooi,  Ames,   Iowa. 

*  * 

hree    reels    picturing    the    activities 
he  Michigan  State  prison  at  Jack- 
are  being  exhibited  at  county  fairs 
lughout    that    state. 

*  • 

lemliers  of  the  Catholic  clergy,  sls- 
anfi  representatives  of  church  or- 
iiations    attended    the    recent    pri- 
!  stiowing.  in  Knights  of  Columbus 
1,  .>^an   Francisco,   of  "When   Dawn 
le,"    which    was    presented    by    the 
ling    Film    Exchange.      The   picture 
of    the    degeneration    and    regen- 
:ion     of    a    man,    and    brings    out 
ngly  the  work  of  the  church.     Col- 
Moore  is  featured  in  the  cast. 

*  * 

iperintendent  George  A.  Bro^vn  of 
State  Prison  Farm,  Vandalia,  HI., 
iving  out-door  movie  shows  for  the 
oners  at  the  Farm  every  Wednes- 
evening.  The  pictures  are  pre- 
»d  by  the  business  men  of  Browns- 


town.  111.,  and  a  portable  Delco  Light 
outfit  is  employed. 

*  * 

Health  films  were  on  the  program 
of  the  two  days  convention  of  state 
I'fl"  '  "'"'^e'^  at  the  New  Washington 
Hotel,  Seattle,  Wash.,  recently. 

The  new  high  school  at  ainton. 
Iowa,  has  modern  motion  picture 
equrpment,  including  one  of  the  finest 
screens  in  the  state. 

*  • 

The  Custer  County  Farm  Bureau, 
Broken  Bow,  Neb.,  has  purchased  a 
movie  projector  and  is  showing  agri- 
cultural films  at  precinct  meetings,  as 
well  as  slides. 

*  * 

The  Jasper  County  Farm  Bureau, 
Rensselaer,  Ind.,  has  purchased  a  por- 
table projector  outfit  and  is  using  it 
to  show  instructional  films  throughout 
the  county. 

*  * 

Among  the  motion  pictures  shown  at 
the  state  fair,  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  were 
"The  Happier  Way,"  "Food  for  Re- 
flection," "Layers  and  Liars,"  and 
"When  the  Farm  Bureau  came  to 
Pleasant  View." 

*  * 

"Some  Wild  Oats,"  one  of  the  latest 
of  the  anti-venereal  disease  films  ap- 
proved by  health  officials,  has  been 
shown  in  theaters  generally  through- 
out the  middle  west. 

*  • 

Arnold  Daly  in  Edward  Everett 
Hale's  "The  Man  Without  a  Country" 
in  eight  and  one-half  reels  was  the  fea- 
ture of  a  benefit  at  the  King  Thea- 
ter, Forest  Park,  III.,  under  the  au- 
spices of  the  Board  of  Education.  The 
object  was  to  raise  a  fund  to  provide 
sanitary  drinking  fountains  for  the 
public  school  children  of  that  city. 

*  * 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Athens 
County  Medical  Society,  Athens,  Ohio, 
several  films  depicting  syphilis  in  its 
various  stages,  and  modem  cures  and 
preventatives  were  screened,  accom- 
panied by  a  lecture.  It  is  intended 
to  show  these  pictures  with  talks  by 
physicians  in  various  counties  of  the 
state. 


EW  MOVIE  CAMERA  PRODUCES  RAPID  PRINTS 
i  Hundred  Feet  Can  Be  Projected  on  the  Screen  Six  Minutes 
After  Pictures  Are  Taken 
process  is  being  developed  which  the  owners,  the  Positype 

Corporation  of  America,  claim  will  make  positives  direct  in 
camera  and  develop  them  in  a  few  minutes.  The  company 
low  making  a  product  called  "Direx,"  a  sensitive  paper  used 
xtly  in  a  still  camera  which  gives  a  positive  print  when  de- 

Ijped,  thus  eliminating  the  negative  film. 

iMScials  of  the  company  are  perfecting  the  positive  film  and 
confident  it  will  prove  of  great  value  for  news  reels  and  for 
id  work  where  duplicate  copies  are  not  required.  It  is  claimed 
t  100  feet  of  film  can,  by  this  process,  be  projected  six  min- 
5  after  it  has  been  taken.  During  the  war  the  positive  process 
'  used  in  photographing  from  the  air.  Positype  officials  plan 
the  present  to  concentrate  upon  supplying  amateur  photog- 
hers,  and  it  will  be  a  year  before  they  will  have  perfected 
ir  motion  picture  product.  They  are  making  plans  for  a 
ae  camera  and  projector  to  be  motor-driven. 

NEW  MACHINE  ELIMINATES  REWINDING 

DEVICE  which  eliminates  rewinding  was  demonstrated  to  a  rep- 
resentative of  this  mag-azine  recently  by  the  inventor,  Charles  F. 
m.  It  is  capable  of  running  about  300  feet  of  film  through  a 
iection  machine  and  repeating  the  run  many  times  over.  The  two 
i  of  the  film  are  joined  to  form  an  endless  belt  and  instead  of  the 
winding  upon  a  spool  it  returns  to  a  roller-bearing  drum  about  five 
es  in  diameter.  This  drum  carries  the  entire  reel,  which  winds  on 
n  the  outside,  and  the  reel  is  pulled  through  the  drum  by  a  driving 
»cket  set  in  the  center.  From  this  point  the  film  leaves  the  alignment 
he  reel  and  passes  out  ready  to  return  through  the  aperture  gate  and 
)rojected  again. 

is  said  that  this  device  is  particularly  suitable  for  advertising, 
atrial  and  educational  films  which  require  continuous  showing. 

Tell  the  advertiter  you  read  hit  ad  in  Educational   Film   .Magazine 

29 


EMOTIONAL  REACTIONS  TO  EDUCATIONAL  FILMS 

(Continued  frtm  pat/e  S8) 
mfn!-''"*'"./?  ■'''t '"  ""^  undoubted  interest  of  films  of  foreign  travel  for 

Herfri  I  "'  f '"""f  ^*"'  ^"^^  ""^^^  '"^'="  °"t  "f  their  nato  country' 
Here  tlie  real  appeal  is  not  wrought  by  the  presentation  of  foreim 
lands  ipso  factor,  but  has  its  mainspring  in  the  sense  of  mystery   shr3 
mg  supposed  possibUities  of  adventure.     Eliminate  thes^  and' the   un 
familiar  scene  wUl  always  appeal  less  than  the  weU-known  "' 

bor  instance,  to  an  average  scholar  born  and  brought  up  in  the  citv  of 
-iork  England,  a  motion  picture  of  tlie  streets  of  Yorif  will  have  far 
wlfiWrw'hi^"'"""  *''rf  ''"P''^""K  a  town  such  as  Leeds"  Bradford 
«l.ch  while  comparatively  unwamiliar  is  not  far  enough  away  to  be 
veiled  in  an  atmosphere  of  adventurous  mystery.  ^ 

Rbactions  to  the  Time  Element 
Tn  1   .^'.""""J'  t'"f  >ear  possesses  more  temporal  attraction  tlian  last 

n  suDinndte  itself  into  a  passion   for  history    folk-lorp  ct..,i,.    „         »■ 
quarian  research.     But  a  normal  chUd  wiU  have  prX  wdl  throL"°I'^ 
tlie  parental  complex  by  the  time  it  arrives  at  puberty.  ^  °^ 

Value  of  Humor  in  Instbuction 

Tnstru  tTn."'of  courL  hloT'ca^nr'"''*^^  "P""  ^"'^^'^1"'="'  -"«- 
right  sort  in  UseU°"riitt"gLs' a  ^^/.'""^et'^Z  ^T'""  "^^ 

w^trAttrrat'e^tToVd^f  'S  ^"   ^'^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
these^films  toTa;?t%traf  an'^LettiffT^ 

S^^^thl^r^r  shoJd'K;^^  jr  -'  ^^^^  ^  - 

mi      in> 
KIRKMAN'S  MOTION  PICTURE  ACTIVITIES 

T"oin°it'me  w'''^'"^^"*""^^'^*"""g  <5™  °f  Kirkman  &  Son  is 
with  an  iv^  interesting  things  with  motion  pictures,  and  not  entirely 
Tn  charV^of  Mr's    KaThe"^-     T?'  ^''"-tional  ^division'  of  this  concern' 

=o5Sr^- f -^-  -:"^"^v^n^^:a^M: 

^^^^T-X  :^a^^-su?^%^SZ,lfZ 

poor"bovr'anT"iHr'    ^«'^»«°"    «"*«="-    '-oliday   entertainments    for 

^mZ  1  ^     .f       i^^    '^'   "'"''^   t'"^^ts    for   wounded    soldiers    New   Jersey 

rteTn    r°e^e"t  ^^^f° ^l  -"   philanthropic   activities   have   b^n 

rLtton     .rrlns     t  """l^^''     ^*   ?'''='*"*    ^^^   ^^    ^as    ready    for    dis- 

A  cons°der!bt  fl'lm Th  ^^'k'^k'""'  ""V^"^''  ''"''"^t^d  '^^rtoons,  etc. 
AconsKierable  film  library  has  been  collected  on  narrow  width  prints 


GOD  AND  THE  MAN 

A  6-reel  Non-Theatrical  Feature 
From  the  famous  novel  by  Robert  Buchanan 

Educational  Film  Magazine  says  of  this  photoplay:  "An 
excellent  production.  The  picture  bears  a  definite  message. 
Ihe  actmg  is  finished  and  convincing." 

Charlotte  Bronte's  famous  love  story  JANE  EYRE 

Also   another   excellent   feature 

^Lu^%  "^'l.°'*^^^,*"^   inspiring  pictures   suitable   for 
Schools,  Churches,  Y.  M.  C.  A's  and  Community  Showings. 

Also  booking  selected  one-reel  refined  comedies  and  scenics 

CENTRAL  FILM  COMPANY 

729  Seventh  Avenue,  New  York  City 


; — 1(    means   better  service   for  you 


fVill  H.  Hays,  New  Master  Director  of  the  Motion  Picture  Industry,   Says   "Great  Good 
Will  Result"  from  'Tremendous  Undertaking"  of  Film  Producers  and  Distributors 

OFFICE  OF  THE  POSTMASTER  GENERAL 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Mr.  Dolph  Eastman,  Editor-in-Chief,  January  27,  1922 

Educational  Film  Magazine, 

189  Montague  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

My  dear  Mr.  Eastman: 

I  am  very  appreciative  of  your  letter  of   the  21st  and  will  be  glad  to  be  of  service. 
As  you  know,  the  purposes  of  the  motion  picture  producers  and  distributors   associa- 
tion which  is  being  formed  are: 

(a)    "To  attain  and  maintain  the  highest  possible  standard  of  motion  picture  pro- 
duction"; and 
(b),    "To  develop  to  the  highest  possible  degree  the  spiritual,  moral,  and  educational 

value  of  the  industry." 
It  is  a  tremendous  undertaking  and  I  think  great  good  will  result.     I  am  convinced  of 
the  integrity  of  the  determination  of  the  industry  to  carry  out  these  high  purposes,  and  am 
sure  also  of  the  possibility  of  large  planning   and  successful  execution. 

I  do  not  want  to  make  any  statement  or  give  out  any  interviews  further  imtil  I  have  got- 
ten into  the  work,  as  I  will  continue  here  until  the  fourth  of  March. 

Sincerely  yours,  (Signed)  Will  H.  Hays. 


What  Subscribers  Say 

About 

Educational  Film 

Magazine: 

I  need  not  tell  you  that  I  have 
long  been  a  reader  of  your  pe- 
riodical. Educational  Film  Mag- 
azine. If  more  school  princlpalj 
and  teachers  realized  the  excep- 
tional information  and  the  val- 
uable suggestions  on  visual  in- 
struction which  your  magazine 
carries  every  month,  I  am  sure 
that  few  of  them  would  l>e  with- 
out it.  I  know  of  no  medium 
through  which  they  could  more 
readily  keep  themselves  in  touch 
with  what  Is  newest  and  what  is 
l>est  in  this  field  than  your  mag- 
azine.— Ebnest  L.  Crandall,  Di- 
rector of  Lectures  and  Visual  In- 
struction, Board  of  Education  of 
the  City  of  New  York. 

Subscribe  to  the  Educational 
Film  Magazine — it  is  a  wonderful 
source  of  inspiration  and  a  real 
help.  I  am  writing  the  publishers 
to  send  you  a  sample  copy.  I 
wouldn't  do  without  mine  for  a 
dollar  a  month — it  costs  only  a  dol- 
lar a  t/ear. — A.  L.  Thomas,  Ex- 
tension Department,  Alabama  Poly- 
technic  Institute,   Auburn,   Ala. 

Enclosed  find  one  dollar  for  one 
year's  subscription  to  Educational 
Film  Magazine.  Have  received  a 
sample  copy  which  Impresses  me 
very  mudi,  and  I  believe  It  will 
b«  of  material  assistance  to  me 
in  my  work  of  using  the  Aim  in 
our  church  In  our  department  of 
Community  Service. — Ret.  Eow.  W. 
Sinnott,  4S50  No.  *8th  Street, 
Omaha,   Neb. 

Thank  you  very  much  for  the 
three  back  numbers  of  Educational 
Film  Magazine.  Tliey  were  cer- 
tainly worth  writing  for.  Al>out 
the  flmt  mark  In  our  1023  calendar 
will  be  at  the  proper  place:  "Re- 
new subscription  to  Educational 
Film  Maqazine.  —  McKay  School 
Equipment,  Ltd.,  Toronto,  Canada. 


Educational  Film  Magazine  Is 
some  good  factor  In  the  develop- 
ment of  the  right  kind  of  propa- 
ganda for  motion  pictures  and  I 
am  anxious  to  help  you  In  any 
possible  way.  I  am  having  sent 
to  you  a  list  of  films  which  we 
have  edited  and  are  recommending 
to  the  churches. — Rev.  C.  C.  Mab- 
bhall,  Centenary  Conservation 
Committee  Meth^ist  Episcopal 
Church,  New  York  City. 

The  field  Is  witnessing  som'e  real 
developments  and  Educational 
Film  Magazine  will  always  hold 
an  important  place  in  a  very  im- 
portant movement. — Arthub  E. 
CuBTis,  Chicago,  111. 


I  am  sure  my  educational  friends 
will  be  interested  in  receiving  your 
magazine  and  believe  it  will  open 
the  eyes  of  some  of  them  to  learn 
how  much  is  being  done  already 
with  motion  pictures.  Will  you 
kindly  enter  my  order  for  100 
copies  of  your  January  issue.'  1 
want  to  work  up  an  interest  among 
my  college  friends  for  the  use  of 
talking  pictures — a  valuable  new 
tool  for  educators  that  has  never 
existed  before. — William  H.  Bris- 
tol, President,  The  Bristol  Com- 
pany,   Waterbury,   Conn. 

Your  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  cer- 
tainly looks  like  a  very  valuable 
reference  work. — McKay  School 
Equipment,  Ltd.,  Toronto,  Canada. 


(  Cut  this  out  and  mail  TO  DAY) 


/y/y/////////////////////f///////////f///////y/////y///7///////Mf//^///////////////////////y/y/^^/i 


HERE'S  MY  DOLLAR 

for  a  year's  subscription  to 
EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 


HaKazlna 

and 

CataloK 

(6   year 


Catalog 

only 
fS   year 


189  Montague  St.,  Brooklyn,  New  York 

NAME • 

STREET  NO.  • 

an  &  STATE. 


v^^^^/yyyyyyyy/>yyw>y/yx/i»y/>y/>y/'/<y/>^^^ 


lunu 


What  Subscribers  Say 

About 

Educational  Film 

Magazine's 

Loose-Leaf  Catalog   anI 

Information  Service 


I  like  your  first  Loosw-Leap  Cai 
ALoo  message  very  much.  The  con 
mendable  features  aoout  It  are 
1,  the  classiflcationt ;  t,  the  sele< 
tlon  from  the  great  uumber  o 
pictures  of  those  that  are  depend 
able  for  school  and  communit 
work. — A.  G.  Baloom,  Ass't  S' 
of  Schools,  Newark,   N.  J. 

As      to      ISDUCA.IONAL      FiLM 

AziNE,    the    most    helpful    thing   t 
me  is  the  review  it  gives  of  fllm 
and    cITering    suggestions    for    tj 
making   of    a  suitable   program, 
ant    going    to    take    a    year's    si 
srription    to    your    Loose-Leaf    C 
i.LOG  and  Information  Service 
I    enclose    check    for    same,    for 
think     you  have  a  fine  idea  wh 
can    be    made    very    helpful. — R 
D.     Wilson      Hollingeb,     Betha 
Presbyterian        Church,       Trent 
N.  J. 

Your  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  I  hfl 
t>een  so  anxious  to  see  has  arrlTt 
In  the  morning  mall.  "How  da> 
like  It?"  Tickled  to  death  1  It 
small,  yes;  so  are  diamonds.  Bl 
like  a  dollar  In  the  savings  bani 
it  can  be  added  to  so  that  it  ytt 
be  worth  a  great  deal.  And. 
feel  sure  that  In  the  very  n« 
future  you  will  have  more  demanl 
for  this  catalog  than  you  are  ) 
present  anticipating.  Therefi 
you  may  consider  me  one  of 
indispensable  users  of  this 
specimen  of  your  labors  alr< 
You  have  requested  criticisms.; 
have  none  to  make. — 0.  O.  Sowl 
Atlanta,   Ga. 

I  have  received  your  Loose-LS 
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a    great    convenience    and    hel| 
Rf.v.    Stanley   R.   Grubb,    Chrl 
tliurch.    Winder,    Ga. 


ire  1 
^refa 

'i 

rea4 


rJ^ 


30 


URBAN 


POPULAR 


CLASSICS 


ORGANIZATIONS  which  are  building  up  a  permanent  col- 
lection of  motion  pictures  will  find  a  rich  store  of  materi- 
al in  the  Library  of  Fihn  collected  and  edited  for  non-theat- 
rical use  by  Charles  Urban. 

Only  positive  prints  (approximately  1000  feet  in  length) 
will  be  sold.     The  price  is  $100  per  print  for  each  subject. 

The  material  in  the  Library  of  Film  is  too  extensive  to 
hst  in  this  advertisement.  Those  persons  or  organizations 
who  have  need  of  films  of  certain  subjects  should  describe 
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USE  THIS  COUPON 


KINETO  COMPANY  OF  AMERICA,  INC., 
EDUCATIONAL   DEPARTMENT, 

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Please  send  me  a  list  of  films  covering  the  following  subjects: 


I  wish  this  information  in  case  I  decide  to  purchase  any  of    your  films  at  the  rate  of    $100  per 
print.    It  is  understood  that  this  inquiry  does  not  obligate  me  in  any  way. 


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Every  teacher,  every  minister,  every  mother  and  father  is  a  prospective  subscriber  for  Educational  Film  Magazine.  Hundreds  of  men  and 
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LOOSE-LEAF  CATALOG  and 
INFORMATION    SERVICE 

(Copyright,  1921,  by  Educational  Film  Magazine.     All  rights  reserved) 

Thousands  of  film  titles  arc  being  listed!  Every  worthwhile  film  subject  available  in  the  exchanges 
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EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE 1.00    year 

Total  price         $6.00     year 
2-year  Subscription  to  Catalog  only,  $9.00  (You  save  $1).   3-year  Subscription  to  Catalog  only,  $12.00  (You  save  $3) 
SPECIAL  OFFER:  Magazine  and  CaUlog,  6  months,  $3;  3  months,  $1.50.    Send  Trial  Order  NOW. 


OUR  LOOSE-LEAF  SERVICE  continues  as  long  as  you  are  a  paid-up  subscriber.  By  subscribing  for 
the  3-year  Service  you  save  $3,  obtain  36  monthly  issues  of  EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE,  and  for 
three  years  receive  free  information  from  us  on  any  film,  slide,  projection  or  equipment  problem.  Surely 
that  is  well  worth  less  than  ten  cents  a  week  to  you!  Many  subscribers  say  the  magazine  alone  is  worth 
$12  a  year — -so  think  of  the  tremendous  value  we  are  giving  you! 

Present  paid-up  magazine  subscribers  may  obtain  the  Loose-Leaf  Catalog  and  Information  Service  by 
sending  us  their  order  with  $5,  or  may  renew  their  magazine  subscriptions  on  the  above  terms. 

Fill  out  and  sign  the  Coupon  below  and  mail  TODAY — NOW — with  your  check,  money  order,  or  reg- 
istered  letter.    Don't  go  any  longer  without  This  Great  Service.      Write  for  it  NOW. 


Subscription  Department: 

EDUCATIONAL  FILM  MAGAZINE,  189  Montague  Street,  Brooklyn,  New  Yoric  ,     ^  ^      , 

Enclosed  find  $ for  which  please  enter  MY  (OUR)  subscription  to  your  monthly  magazine  and  your  LooM-Leai  Catalog 

and  Information  Service  for years,  beginning  with  the issue.    I  am  (WE  are)  to  receive  at  once  your  Loose- 
Leaf  Binder  and  such  lists  as  are  ready,  and  your  service  is  to  continue  as  long  as  subscription  remains  paid  up. 

Name  _ _ City  and  State  » 

Home  Address  „ _ Position  ~. .......... 


Unnecessary  risk  in  Portable 
Projection  is  eliminated  when  you  use 


Eastman 
safety  film 

Specially  made  for  just  this  type 
o£  work,  it  is  safe— identifiably  so. 
The  words  "Eastman"  "Kodak" 
"Safety"  "Film"  appear  on  the  film 
margin  at  ten  inch  intervals. 

Furnished  in  two  widths,  if  inches 
and  if^  inches— Eastman  perforation. 


EASTMAN   KODAK   COMPANY 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 

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