c c
^.^^\ pants ta §rA\){tt.
Fig. 1.— "Strait is the gate and narrow is the way which
leadeth unto life."
Fig. 2— "Many there he which go in thereat."
THE EMIGMNTS.
AN ALLEGORY
CHRISTIANS vs. THE WORLD.
By Rev. WESLEY COCHRAN, A. M.
\
Come thou with us, and we will do thee good.— Numbers x, 29.
PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR,
2 on MULBERRY-STREET.
' TllK SEW
PBBLIC UBUABY
18445B
Abiui
LENOX AND
-ril.^DENFOI^NDATlONS
1039 ^
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1854, by
W. COCHRAN,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Northern District
of New-York
PREFACE
The leading idea of the following pages occurred
to me some years ago, when writing a series of arti-
cles for a newspaper, urging the importance of indi-
vidual exertion for the salvation of souls. The idea
was striking to my mind, that the influence exerted
by emigrants flocking to the American shores, over
their countrymen behind, to induce them to follow,
is like that of Christians to gain the wicked over to
a life of piety. This analogy, in its leading and
applicable points, I have endeavored to maintain
throughout th^ work ; especially to bring out such
aspects of it, as might impress the responsibility
upon Christians of throwing the influence of their
whole lives in a course of promoting the conversion
of their neighbors. With what success I have main-
tained this difficult style of allegory, others may
judge. I have the satisfaction of positiveness, that
the rousing of Christians aimed at, is very important
to the final triumph of the Gospel.
And I have evidence of being in good company
in the effort to press Gospel truths in a figurative
^;ov 68 8
IV PREFACE.
Style. Our Lord represented the varying results
of disseminating Gospel truths, by the parable of the
sower and the seed, Mat. 13: 3-24; and the ori-
gin and influence of evil in the world, he illustrated
by the parable of the good seed and the tares, Mat.
13 : 24-43 ; the duties and rewarding of Christians,
he illustrated by 'the parable of the laborers in the
vineyard. Mat. 20 : 1-17. Isaiah was inspired to
illustrate God's treatment of the Israelites by the
parable of the vineyard, Isa. 5 : 1-7. His judg-
ments upon them are here lucidly justified.
These are but examples of the figurative style
which nearly all the inspired writers often adopted
to impress religious instructions. John Bunyan
caught the spirit of these parabolic illustrations when
he wrote his Pilgriwi's Progress. It is hoped that
The Emigrants may add something to the success
previously realized in illustrating religious things by
the familiar scenes of this world ; that it will help
Christians more fully to appreciate what they can
do for the salvation of their fellow men.
Wesley Cochran.
Eush, May, 1854.
INTRODUCTION TO THE ILLUSTRATED
EDITION.
The Chkistian unity of Protestant denomi-
nations is designed to be represented by the
frontispiece. A wall which is impassible,
except by one gate, called " the strait gate,"
is indicated, separating earth from heaven.
Whatever may be the names, denominational
distinctions, or roads, by which Christians are
known on their journey through time, all
come together at this gate.
Heaven has no steeples nor towers to be
seen from the earth ; but rays of its light may
be conceived as seen darting through the
earth's atmosphere, and as shining through
" the strait gate" along every way by which
emigrants converge to it during their earthly
journey.
The figures on the left are explained by
Luke ii, 13, 14 : "And suddenly there was
VI INTRODUCTION.
witli the angel a multitude of the heavenly
host praising God, and saying, Glory to God
in the highest, and on earth peace, good will
toward men."
The figure of the angel on the right is sug-
gested by Kev. xiv, 6 : "And I saw another
angel fly in the midst of heaven, having the
everlasting Gospel to preach unto them that
dwell on the earth, and to every nation, and
kindred, and tongue, and people."
On the left foreground a clergyman is rep-
resented holding a cross in his right hand and
a scroll in the other, on which is written,
" Strait is the gate, and narrow is the way
which leadeth unto life." He is seen holding
out these meaning emblems to a throng travel-
ing in "the broad way." One of these holds a
scroll, on which is written, " Many there be
which go in thereat." This quotation in their
own language would be, We are liberalisTs,
and in the most popular way.
The various heavenward emigrants have to
pass over some mountains. Christians, in
their different denominational ways, have
variegated scenery and difficulties. To a
INTEODUCTION. Vll
person in either of these " ways " the one he
is traveling appears to be straight, like the
one represented here from the point of obser-
vation ; while a side view of others over an
uneven surface gives them a winding appear-
ance. Christians of one denomination seem
to themselves, and truly, to be traveling a
straight road to heaven ; but to other Chris-
tians of another denomination their course
seems sometimes winding. This difference is
in appearance only ; the life or course of the
real Christian in every denomination is in
fact straight, equally straight, centering at
heaven's gate.
The goal aimed for by all Christians is ons;
the direction from the numerous starting-
points in sin and error is onej the straight
ways from every starting-point converge to
the same point at last, so that Christians
or emigrants from every direction enter
heaven hand in hand. This is Protestant
Unity.
"Strike, but hear me," is a quotation often
referred to as showing the true spirit of the
arator. As an advocate of important truths,
VIU INTRODUCTION.
it may be often important to show this spirit
when not active opposition, but indifference,
is manifested. It appears to me that there is
an unfortunate indifference now prevalent in
Christendom in regard to the true nature of
Christian unity, and the real cdm and vigo7'
which must characterize Christ's visible Church
in its ultimate triumphs in this world. In two
respects the majority of good people need
clearer distinctness of view: 1. What position
to aim for as the desideratum of the Christian
Church in this world ; and, 2. What means we
may best use to attain that position.
1. What position shall we aim for as the
desideratum of the Christian Church in this
world? If in the millennial triumph of the
Gospel all denominational distinctions among
Christians are to cease, all conforming to some
one order of Church organization, forms of
worship, and doctrinal views — either the Epis-
copalian, or Baptist, or Presbyterian, or Con-
gregational, or some other with perhaps an
entirely new name — then it is time for us to
get awake to this prospect of the Church of
God ; and a smart competition of claims to this
mTEODUCTION. IX
honor may be got up among different sects,
each trying to get precedence over the other
by disparaging its claims to supremacy, and
by checking its success in gathering adher-
ents to its communion from the world. With
such an aim it might not be wondered at if
one denomination should try to pull down
another and recruit itself from its ruins, the
same as it gathers recruits from the world of
sinners. And does not much of the sectarian
strife among Protestants appear to the world
as though these strivers anticipated this form
in the Church of the future?
But if, on the other hand, in the millennial
triumph of the Gospel, denominational dis-
tinctions will exist, exhibiting various forms
of organization, of worship, and of doctrinal
views, then the true spirit of brotherly love
may at once be exercised between Protestant
Churches; then what is the interest of an
Episcopalian, as to propagating the Christian
religion, is the interest of the Baptist, of the
Methodist, etc. In other words. Christians of
every denomination will feel a mutual interest
in each other's success.
X INTEODUOTION.
The latter view is sustained in this book.
It is believed to be directly suited to implant
wholesome views in regard to the unity of
Protestants, views which are greatly needed
to meet the Papal claims of unity, and to im-
press the unconverted with the claims of our
religion to their confidence. Is it not high
time that misunderstandings and sectarian
strifes should cease among evangelical Prot-
estant denominations? It is a very encourag-
ing sign of the times that these misunderstand-
ings and strifes have become less and less in
late years. It is encouraging to see the press
speaking out more and more frequently in
favor of that Protestant unity last named. I
give a few examples :
"The Right Spirit. — ^The following, from
the pen of Ee\ . S. H. Tyng, D.D., is going the
rounds of the papers : ' There is a morning
coming when Episcopalianism, and Method-
ism, and Congregationalism, and all, shall
stand on the sea of glass and worship Him
that sitteth on the great white throne. I be-
long to the Church of that morning. I like
INTRODUCTION. XI
that saying of Whitefi eld's: "Father Abraham,
have you got Episcopalians up there? No.
Have you got Methodists up there? Ko.
Have you got Independents ? Ko ; none but
Christians, my son !'""
This accords with i\\Q frontispiece. Though
denominational distinctions may continue up
to heaven's gate, beyond that they cease.
"Union among Churches. — The Buffalo
Advocate has the following beautiful thoughts
on the subject of Christian union : ' We
imagine that much greater importance should
be attached to union among Christians than is
generally the case. What the result would
be if there were but one sect or denomination
on earth we cannot say ; but we can easily
see much of glorious manifestation, if all the
present parts and portions of the Church were
actuated by the same loving spirit which
beamed from the person of their common
Lord. The purpose is not to bring all under
one common name, but under and into the
same spirit. Tliat points of discrimination
should be obliterated may not be indispens-
Xll INTKODUCTION.
able to union. Thej may exist, and perhaps
will up to and through the millennium; but
there is no cause why they should distract
and embitter the minds of the followers of
Christ on the earth. When that time comes
that the real brotherhood feeling is the uni-
versal element of the Church, the nation will
witness moral developments of moral beauty
and of greater power than have fallen within
the province of their calculations. There is
but one spirit or power that can provoke
union — heaven-born love ! May it work out
its mission speedily and gloriously among
men !'" — Christian Advocate and Journal.
Dr. Stevens, in an editorial, again says:
" The true Church of the future will be the
spiritual unity of all Christian parties, on the
terms of Christian charity, and for the great
practical ends of the Gospel."
"Union of Cheistiai^s. — We do not suppose
that the union and oneness of Christians, which
Christ has taught us to pray for, and which
we conceive the most desirable for the great-
INTEODUCTION. Xlll
est good in diffusing the Gospel over the
world, means so much the merging of all de-
nominations into one ecclesiastical body, as it
does the co-operation and harmonious efforts
of all to extend the kingdom of Christ. All
sliould combine whenever combination can
be made effectual, and yet each sustain its in-
dependent denominational interests, always
holding the kindliest feelings toward others,
and being ready for co-operation on all special
occasions." — New York Evangelist.
I do not doubt but many more extracts
which have not fallen under my eye, similar
to the above, might have been gathered, as
expressive of an extended rising spirit in
Christendom. By giving attention to the fol-
lowing pages it is hoped greatly to promote
this healthful zeal in Christ's visible Church.
2. We need through Christendom a clearer
distinctness of view as to what are the requi-
site means to bring forward Christ's visible
Church to its complete triumph, to its highest
glory. The allegory entitled The Emigkants
is also designed to draw attention to these
XIV . INTRODUCTION.
means. The class of facts and suggestions
which have called out the allegory may be
seen by a few extracts, some of which are of
quite recent date. They show the importance,
the necessity, of Christian effort to win souls to
Christ, irrespective of position or profession.
"A Swede and his wife, emigrants, hav-
ing experienced religion, set about writing
letters to their brethren in their father's house
in Sweden. They also applied to the Swed-
ish pastor, who was the instrument of their
conversion, to write an exhortation to their
relatives. This was done, and word has come
that it was read not only to the relatives, but
was read and enlarged upon in their meetings
at home ; and the old man, the father, thought
so much of it that he not only wrote a letter
of thanks to the author, but gave the written
exhortation to his pastor. It so refreshed his
spirit also that he wrote a letter of thanks to
the author of it, and asked for more of the
same kind, and for prayers ; saying further :
' I have read it again and again in our meet-
ings, and enlarged on it as a voice from the
INTEODUCTION. XV
other side of the ocean, and yon cannot think
how much good it has done. It has aroused
me and many of the brethren.' Since that
time several lengthy letters have passed from
Scandinavia to this country, and answers
liave been returned to them. The pastor in
Sweden says : ' The winds of grace are blow-
ing fresh from south to north over the father-
land. Our Church, which the foreigners have
likened to an ice-palace for her stiff forms
and glancing professions, is now beginning to
melt under the up-going Sun of righteousness,
which has blessings under his wings. The
good Lord has lately blessed and filled my
poor heart with joy over the conversion of two
of my brethren in the ministry who live quite
convenient to me, and we are now helping
each other to draw the Gospel net.' " — Mis-
sionary Advocate.
Here letters were a prominent means of
inducing friends to follow.
Dr. Wayland relates that when the Baptist
missions were established among the Karens
the missionary, after faithfully laboring a few
XVI INTRODUCTION.
months, was obliged to leave the mission. A
few had been converted. Two years had
nearly elapsed when he returned, expecting
to find but few, if any, steadfast in the faith.
On inquiry he found that, as the result of the
individual efforts of those few young converts,
inexperienced and without the preaching of
the word, fifteen hundred persons had been
converted and were awaiting baptism."
That prayer is a prominent means to be
used in winning souls is strikingly illustrated
in some historical incidents published some
time since in the Sunday School Treasury,
entitled :
'' I BELIEVE God hears Prayer. — A few
years ago there was a battle fought on the
ocean. On the deck of the ship, which was
commanded by Captain James Haldane, a
company of soldiers lay mangled, and bleed-
ing, and dying. Their limbs were torn from
their bodies, and scattered about the ship.
The battle, however, had just begun, and the
captain ordered another company to be called
up from below. As they came up on deck,
INTKODUCTION. XVll
and saw the bodies of their companions, the
pale and ghastly countenances of the dying
and the dead, they manifested, as was very
natural, some emotions of fear and alarm, at
which the captain was dreadfully angry, and
swore a horrid oath, imprecating the ven-
geance of Heaven on the trembling mariners.
One of the sailors, being a pious man, was
shocked and grieved at the profaneness of the
captain, and remarked, taking off his hat at
the same time, out of respect to the com-
manding officer : ' Captain, I believe God
hears prayer, and if he were to hear your
prayer now what would become of us V
" The battle was fought, and when the cap-
tain became more calm he thought of what
the pious sailor had said to him. The result
was, he left off swearing, and was ever after a
pious man. When he returned to his home
in Scotland he called on his brother, Eobert
Haldane, and told him what the Lord had
done for his soul. His brother was a very
wealthy man, but not religious; he had heard
of his brother James's conversion, and was
very angry with him on account of it. He
2
XVlll mTEODUCTION.
ordered him to leave his house, and never
come into it again. James accordingly left ;
but as he turned away, he said to his brother,
^ Robert, though you forbid me your house,
you can't prevent my praying for you, and I
will pray for you as long as we live.' This
expression went like an arrow to the heart of
Robert. He thought how unkind he had been
to his brother, and how wicked he was in the
sight of God, to be so angry because his
brother had become a Christian. He wept,
and went away by himself, and fell upon his
knees in prayer, and begged that God would
have mercy upon his poor soul. The Lord
heard his prayers, and he became an emi-
nently pious man, devoting his influence and
wealth to the cause of Christ. He made a
visit to Geneva, for the purpose of conversing
with the young men there, who, under the in-
fluence of Yoltaire's and Rosseau's writings,
had imbibed infidel principles. He took a
house in the bosom of the most enchanting
natural scenery, on the margin of the beauti-
ful Lake of Geneva, and being a man of wealth
and general intelligence, as well as humble
INTRODUCTION. XIX
piety, many of the students came to visit him.
He conversed with them on the subject of re-
ligion, relating to them his own experience,
and told them how sad it was that young men
of talent and literary acquirements should de-
grade their minds and throw away their ac-
quisitions in the cause of irreligion and infi-
delity. The result was that some of these
young men became religious, and among the
number the now celebrated Dr. Merle D'Au-
bigne, who has written the history of the Ref-
ormation, and is now at the head of a theo-
logical institution which is educating a large
number of pious young men for the Christian
ministry. All these glorious results we trace
back to that pious sailor who, on the bloody
deck, said to his profane captain, ' I believe
God hears prayer.' "
Tracts have been successfully used as aids
to win emigrants to heaven. A good illustra-
tion is afforded by an article published in a
weekly paper some time since, entitled :
" Influence of Two Tracts in a Military
Academy. — ^The late professor of etliics and
XX INTKODUOTION.
chaplain of the Military Academy at West
Point presented four tracts to a student who
called on him, two of which he requested him
to read for his own personal benefit, and the
other two, one of which was. The Last Hours
of the Hon. Francis Newjport^ to drop where
some of his skeptical fellow-students would be
likely to find them. One week afterward,
on Saturday afternoon, another student called
on him, and said, ^ You do not know me, sir ;
my name is ,' and then burst into tears.
For some time he could not utter a word. The
professor, convinced what was the cause of his
distress, said to him : * If, as I trust, your grief
is connected with religion ; if you desire to
become a servant of God, be encouraged to
open your heart to me, whose heart is already
open to you.' ' I do desire to become a serv-
ant of God,' said he. Deep emotion prevent-
ed his further utterance for a few moments.
Being then asked what were the circumstances
of his case, he replied : * A tract was lying in
my room last Saturday ; I cannot imagine
how it got there ; but I took it up, read it, and
it made a powerful impression ujjon my mind.
INTRODUCTION. XXI
It was an account of the death of an infidel.'
On being requested to give some account of
the previous state of his mind, he said he had
not actually considered himself an infidel, but
had been in the habit of speaking lightly of
religion, and nothing had efi'ectually arrested
his attention till he read the tract. He not
long after gave evidence that he had been
born of God, and united himself to the com-
munion of the Church. He soon manifested
much anxiety for the student through whose
instrumentality he had received the tract.
' To him, under God,' said he to the professor,
'not to you, sir, I owe an immeasurable debt ;
and, by the help of God, I will not let him
alone till we have him among us.' A few
days after he called upon the professor with
this very young man, from whom he had re-
ceived the tract, leaning upon his arm. ' Here
he is, sir,' said he ; ' the Lord has brought
him.' Unable to restrain his emotions at be-
holding what he hoped the Lord was doing
for him, the professor threw his arms around
his neck and blessed him. 'I can hold out
no longer,' said he ; 'this is not the first time ;
XXU INTRODUCTION.
I have been often called. I can hold out no
longer; I will be a servant of God henceforth
forever.' It was in reading 'The Shepherd
of Salisbury Plain ' that he first felt his heart
expanded with love to God, and bursting with
a spirit of prayer. ' Behold, how great a
matter a little fire kindleth.' These young
men are active members of the Church of
Christ; they have distributed thousands of
tracts among the destitute, the ignorant, and
the perishing; they are both zealously engaged
in the cause of Sabbath schools ; by one of
them a school of a hundred children has been
raised up, where, in a population of a thous-
and, the Gospel has scarcely ever b^en preach-
ed ; by the instrumentality of one of them, as
many as ten, who just now w^ere dreadfully
wicked, have been hopefully converted, and
are so altered as to astonish their former com-
panions. Both have made up their minds
to consecrate their lives to the ministry
of the Gospel, and will be, we trust, through
many years, continually gathering new fruits,
in testimony of the unspeakable blessings
which flowed to the Church and the world
INTEODUCTION. XXlll
througli the instrumentality of one religious
tract.
"The above we have copied from the 'Use-
fulness of Tracts.' It was written a number
of years ago, and we are happy that we are
able to add to its interests, and show that the
hope expressed in the conclusion has been
realized abundantly. In the course of a con-
secration sermon preached in Cincinnati, about
four years past, by Bishop Mcllvaine, this
eminent prelate (who might well be the boast
of any age) related the above facts, and in
conclusion remarked : 'That chaplain and that
young man (referring to the above first-named
cadet) have not met since they separated at
West Point, until this day ; I am the chap-
lain, and my reverend brother, this day to be
consecrated Bishop of Louisiana, is the young
cadet! (the Eight Kev. Leonidas Polk, now
Bishop of Louisiana.) Imagine the effect
upon the audience."
The example of Mr. Oncken's Church, in
Hamburg, Germany, affords one of the best
illustrations which I have recently met with
XXIV INTEODUCTION.
of the activity which I would encourage in
every Protestant Church :
" Remarkable Usefulness — ^The Right Idea
OF A Successful Chuech. — " The Baptist mis-
sions in Germany, under Rev. Mr. Oncken,
have excited the interest of Christians in Eu-
rope and America by their grievances from
the local authorities. There is, however, an-
other respect in which they deserve special at-
tention. Few, if any, better examples of the
usefulness of ' personal effort' can be found in
recent history. From an account of these
missions, now under our eye, we learn that
about twenty years ago, in the city of Ham-
burgh, a band of seven brothers assembled in
a shoemaker's shop, laid their hearts upon the
altar of God's service, and formed themselves
into a Church, of which Mr. Oncken was
chosen pastor. What has been the result?
The little church of seven members has multi-
plied itself into [about] fifty churches ! Ten
thousand souls, it is said, have been con-
verted ; eight million pages of tracts, and four
hundred thousand copies of the Scriptures
have been put into circulation. Mr. Oncken
INTRODUCTION. XXV
himself tells ns how these great results have
been effected. ' All our members,' he writes,
*are initiated and instructed into a regular
system of operations. Every mem and woman
is required to do something for the Lord, and
thus the word of the Lord has been scattered.'
But this general lesson is taught everywhere
in Christian Churches, yet without such re-
sults. The want is speGifio application of the
lesson. The good missionary has wisely
thought of this. Lie says : 'We liave now
about seventy brethren in Hamburgh who go
out every alternate Sabhath^ two by two,
preaching the Gospel, and by this means
the whole of the city has heard the precious
name of Christ. We think that all the talents
in the Church should be brought out. A list
of all the brethren who can speak is kept, and
they are sent from village to village to preach
on the Sabbath, and they go out as the Church
directs.' It is said there is scarcely a female
member of the Church in Hamburgh who has
not two or three Bibles, and a parcel of tracts
to distribute ; and that, in a single yea/r^
through the six hundred members of the Church
XXVI INTRODUCTION.
a7id its 2:)astor^ every family iyi the city ^ of one
hundred and fifty thousand inhabitants^ was
visited for the jpurpose of religious conversa-
tion and the distrihution of hoohs. And there
IS a remarkable circumstance besides — that
though these devoted men and their brethren
in other parts of Germany form less than fifty
Churches, they keep up preaching at nearly
four hundred stations. Such are the aston-
ishing facts of the case. And why should
they be anomalous? What town or village
of Christendom might not be the scene of
similar efforts and similar results ? How pure
and powerful would the Church become if
thus trained? How soon would irreligion
everywhere break down before such labors ?
" In fine, the plan of this successful mission-
ary furnishes the true idea of Christ's Church
as it was exemplified in the apostolic age,
and must be again before the mission of Chris-
tianity shall be properly effective in the
world. Any comparative or apparent failure
of Christianity cannot be attributed to the
want of adequate power in the Gospel; th^
Gospel is the ' power of God unto salvation.
mTKODUCTION. XXVll
and God's power is sufficient for all things.
But, for the honor and blessedness of our hu-
manit^y, the Gospel economy is constructed
on the capital condition of human co-opera-
tion with God ; and who that reflects does not
see that if all Christians would live up to the
Gospel, that is, live, pray, labor, give away
money and themselves for the Gospel, its light
would rise and spread like that of the sun in
the firmament, and forthwith illuminate the
world ?" — Christian Advocate and Journal.
Such activity in every evangelical Church
is encouraged in the following pages. Its pro-
cess, from beginnings to results, is allegorically
illustrated. And who doubts but the practi-
cal operation of what is here urged would be
most successful, if every evangelical Church
should follow the example of the Church in
Hamburgh ? " In a single year, through the
six hundred members of the Church and its
pastor, every family in the city of one hundred
and fifty thousand inhabitants was visited for
the purpose of religious conversation and the
distribution of books." I repeat, who doubts
XXViii INTRODUCTION.
but that if every evangelical Chiircli in this
country should work after this manner, going
each over the same ground, of course, in
many places, the results would be most suc-
cessful ? Sinners, oppressed by sins, would be
convinced of their need of Christ, would be
impressed by the successive visits and testi-
mony of their religious neighbors. This
would impress them much the more forcibly
because of different Churches, by their pastors
and members, urging the same evangelically
essential truths, plainly in love for their souls.
They would see and feel that they were
sought, not for the sake of membership, but
to save their souls.
Now if we shall secure not merely good
plans, but also their execution, a glorious suc-
cess is before the united Protestant Churches.
Shall it be seen that every man, woman, and
child in Christendom, who lays claim to the
Christian character, is eagerly bent on execut-
ing good plans to win souls to Christ?
W. Cochran.
Lima, A'pril 14, 1859.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY.
PAGE.
Their native country, called Sin. — Its dialects, — Beel-
zebub, its monarch. — Division of Sin called Youth's
Pleasure Field. — Among the flowers and fruits of this
Field, are Curiosity, Taste, Cupid's Flower, Air-Cas-
tles.— Divisions of Sin called No-Faith — No-Care-
Formality — City of Heady-Religious Disputes — Jo-
nah's Retreat — Wrecking Place — Mining Temto-
ry — Lechery — Office - Hill Factory — False - Hope
Mountains — Philosopher's Valley. — General view of
the Father-Land, 7
CHAPTER II.
THE EMIGRATION.
Conversation of Emigrants. — They relate, — 1. How
they felt at first in prospect of emigrating. — 2. The
difficulty of deciding to start. — 3. The discouraging
poverty, and other like circumstances, when start-
ing.— 4. The successful journey. — 5. The encouraging
introduction to the new home, 88
XXX CONTENTS.
CHAPTER III.
PAGE.
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY: ASSOCIATIONS AND CUSTOMS
FOUND.
The general characteristic of industry and its accom-
panying thrift. — Contentment. — Unity, not Uniform-
ity.— 1. In the face of the country ; the exhibitions
of nature. — 2. In the operations of providence, and
in God's gracious influence upon the people. — 3. In
the abilities of the people for usefulness, — 4. In the
various Church organizations, twenty or more; in-
stance, Presbyterians, Baptists, Episcopalians, Meth-
odists.—General view, 99
CHAPTER IV.
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO, INDUCING OTHERS TO FOL-
LOW THEM.
1. They induce to follow by their example of prosper-
ity.— Picture of a faithful, happy family of emi-
grants.— 2. They send back all necessary information
and persuasives, to induce their relatives and friends
to follow them. — 3. They present petitions to their
Sovereign, that he will interfere, and claim individuals
under oppression. — 4. Some go back and settle in the
old country, and thus discourage many from moving :
this greatly neutralizes the efforts of the permanent
'settlers 151
CONCLUSION.
1. Love of emigrants to relatives and friends is now
tested. — 2. Their reliability in any professed attach-
ment, is tested. — 3. Their course shows what leading
motives actuate them, 177
THE EMIGRANTS
CHAPTER I.
%\m i:Etib^ €m\\tx%.
While journeying througli the Western
world, I found numerous citizens who showed,
in various ways, even upon slight acquaintance,
that they were not natives, but foreigners, who
had emigrated to live in this better country.
Many were much elated with the contrast be-
tween this and their father-land, and were very
desirous to induce their old friends, whom they
had left behind, to come and enjoy blessings
with them. Being fully persuaded that reports
made by emigrants to their countrymen whom
they have left, are among the most efficient
instrumentalities to induce more emigrations,
I am led to publish some of the information I
gained from these adopted citizens; hoping
8 THE EMIGKANTS.
thereby to guard the people in the old country
against impositions, and to prompt new-comers
to care and faithfulness in their represen-
tations.
SIN — youth's pleasure field.
I learned that the emigrants all reported
themselves to the proper authorities at their
landing, as having come from a quarter of the
world called Sin,
On conversing with various families during
my travels, I learned some interesting particu-
lars concerning that country. It has several
provinces, of various climates and productions ;
and the inhabitants differ considerably in their
habits, and speak somewhat different dialects.
But yet the despotic monarch, Beelzebub, un-
derstands them all without any interpreter.
I formed acquaintance with several interest-
ing families of young people, who had but re-
cently come over. They stated that they came
from that part of Sin called Youth's Pleasure
Field, which occupies a large and finely ap-
pearing section of the country. Its productions
are just suited to the relish of the young and
•^
THEIR NATIVE COUNTEY. 9
healthy. A great profusion of flowers are
found. Beelzebub claims it as a part of his
empire of Sin, because its inhabitants are ^'lov-
ers of pleasures, inore than lovers of God!'
Groups of young people may be seen upon its
l^lains every fair day, busied in consulting and
seeking where pleasure's fruits are most abun-
dant. Some are eager to enjoy what is called Cu-
riosity. This affords Pleasure at first touch ; but
the pleasure of its taste does not equal the ex-
pectations raised by its touch, and it never fully
satisfies. When eagerly devoured, it destroys
appetite for more substantial food, and unduly
stimulates the nerves : and it may be so intem-
perately used as to corrupt the best qualities
of the soul. Yet it is an excellent fruit, and
used in moderation with other things, it is a
valuable and essential supply for the develop-
ment of the powers of the human soul. It
operates like instinct in the brute — draws on to
untried acts. But in this Youth's Pleasure
Field, its use is excessive, intemperate ; so that
persons are thereby disqualified for important
duties in life. Why, one was heard to say,
" Away with everything once enjoyed ; its
3
10 THE EMIGRANTS.
freshness is gone. Give me something new ;
give me curiosity. Serve up for me new dishes,
to stimulate my inquiry — how made, and of
what. Claim not that I should teach others
what I know, and influence them to any duty ;
enjoyment is in learning something new. —
Trouble me not to look at an established and
important truth, which points out the way of
duty and interest, long enough to be aftected
by it. Something new and strange will tickle
my fancy better.
" As I suck the sweets of this Curiosity, let
me sing,
" New, something new, and wondrous strange,
Will feast ; though light as fancy's range.
Material bread, of common stuff,
Will truly nourish ; — that 's not much j
But Pleasure's taste gets wider range,
By analyzing something strange,
" And bread or food, strong truths for souls.
Sure guide in right to brighter worlds ; —
0, heavy, tasteless, base for food
To sate a mind — would be like God ;
Which, stretching thought beyond the known,
The apple grasps, and is borne on.
' The strange forbidden something, back
Of th' needful, duty, good, I lack.
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 11
Why this strange interdict to touch
What don't concern, though lov 'd so much ]
I love to Heaven's secrets pry,
Far more than serious duties try.
" The Bible is a fruitful book,—
For curiosities I look.
I wish to know ; not, so 's to do ;
But, hidden causes, reasons too,
And all the points, like Deity, —
I live on Curiosity,''^
^' What shall we eat, and what shall we
drink ? " inquires another group. Taste, say
they, can certainly give pleasure worthy of an
immortal soul ; and to gratify this we will live.
" Live while you live, the epicure [does] say.
Enjoy the pleasures of the present day."
One of these advocates of Taste, as man's
chief good, was once encountered by Thought.
Thought urged that enjoyment from Taste is
only suited to the inhabitants of the earth, and
cannot be had in heaven. Now as human souls
were created to pass most of their existence in
heaven, it cannot be wise to prize, as the chief
good, what can be had only at one point of ex-
istence ; and that to no fuller satisfaction than
beasts have. The pleasure of Taste is merely
12 THE EMIGRANTS.
an animal feeling ; and shall a soul, made in
the image of God, spend its Godlike powers
upon merely animal gratifications? Taste
should be certainly restricted, in its use, to its
proper place ; to guide in selections of appro-
priate nourishment for the body, to promote
healthful feelings, and to excite gratitude to
the giver of supplies : and all this in subordi-
nation to the interests of the soul.
" The soul of man, a native of the skies!
Highborn and free, her freedom should maintain ;
Unsold, unmortgaged, for earth's little bribes."
The lover of Taste responded : " Why, surely
the Creator has given appetite to be enjoyed.
The fact that he has given it, argues it should
be used. It is right, therefore, to enjoy its
gratification in Taste. And besides, the soul is
intimately connected with the body ; and so,
through the e&ed of Taste upon the body, the
soul is invigorated, and has more joy. And my
creed is, not to give up the pleasures of to-day
for the uncertainties of to-morrow. Taste I Tl
enjoy while I can, and as best I can. Think-
ing can go on, and the soul exercise its various
powers, (and why not do its work?) when I
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 13
can enjoy Taste no more. Bring me on your
best and greatest variety of dishes. Excellent !
Exquisite ! Angels can have no better. Now
another course. And now for the wine. 0,
how this touches the springs of the soul. Is
not this bhss? This is the flow of reason, a
feast of the soul. Taste makes almost heaven.
Servants, here ; before you clear these out of
sight, let's plan what for dining, tea, and latest
hour, will keep this pleasure's flow. Spare no
pains, no price ; give me Taste in all varieties :
and patiently I '11 wait, and live only to get
supplied."
Just as he was closing his j^leas and exiflta-
tions in prospect of E23icurean life. Moral Sense
passed along, and overhearing some of his re-
marks, paused, and entered his caveat against
the positions taken.
And as he was closing, a winged messenger
from heaven sung as he passed,
" 0 come, and with us taste
The blessmgs of Christ's love;
While Hope expects the sweet repast,
Of nobler joys above."
" ' What shall we eat and drink 1 '
In anxious, wicked care,
14 THE EMIGRANTS.
Leads where all gluttons, drunkards, sink;
From bliss and heaven, far."
Notwithstanding all these discouragements,
this group of youth in Pleasure Field, eagerly
press on to gratify themselves with Taste ; and
those who cannot be persuaded to emigrate,
come to an end which I will not attempt to
describe. It is sufficient to know that their
" years shall be shortened/' Prov. 10 : 27 ;
that when they say, " Soul, thou hast much
goods laid up for many years ; take thine ease,
eat, drink, and be merry ; " then God says,
" Thou fool ! this night thy soul shall be re-
quired of thee/' — Luke 12 : 19, 20 ; and, that
'^ he that soweth to the flesh, shall of the flesh
reap corruption/' — Gal. 6 : 8.
Cupid's Floivcr is next seen having the j^re-
ference of one of these groups of youth. Said
one :
" Love adds a precious seeing to the eje\
A lover's eyes will gaze an eagle blind ;
A lover's ear will hear the lowest sound,
When the suspicious head of theft is stopp 'd ;
Love's feeling is more soft, and sensible,
Than are the tender forms of cockled snails ;
Love's tongue proves dainty Bacchus gross in taste ;
THEIE NATIVE COUNTRY. 15
For valor, is not Love a Hercules,
Still climbing trees in the Hesperides 1
Subtle as a Sphinx ; as sweet, and musical,
As bright Apollo's lute, strung with his hair ;
And when Love speaks, the voice of all the gods
Makes heaven drowsy with the harmony.
Never durst poet touch a pen to write.
Until his ink were tempered with Love's sighs ;
0, then his lines would ravish savage ears,
And plant in tyrants, mild humility."
And as they mused over this Flowerj and
took in its perfumes, they cheered each other
on to the highest gusto. They agreed, it is
right to enjoy these perfumes. They are es-
sential to the continuation of the human race.
Families are held together by their magic power.
They create families. It will be philanthropic
to nourish and enjoy them. And here is work
enough to enlist all our powers. How can we
be happier than thus ? Be this our good, our
duty, usefulness.
Ah ! it is true, creature-love should not
crowd out that belonging to the Creator. And
'' in Heaven they neither marry nor are given
in marriage.'' And so this Cupid's Flower,
which draws the young to many tete-a-tete here,
can never bloom on Heaven's plains. Some
16 THE EMIGRANTS.
strange admonishing is felt that, poppy-like,
though its perfumes excite, too much will lull
the soul to sleep ; and that dreams about earth's
homes, will take the time allotted to prepare
for stern realities, the appropriate sphere for
souls. But we are caught by this Flower. We
must enjoy it while youthful blood flows. By
and by we can move away. For awhile longer
we will venture to be ranked among those who
are "lovers of pleasures more than lovers of
God ; " and who " serve the creature more than
the Creator."
Air-Castles were next claimed to afford sat-
isfaction. The sight of these at once excites
and tickles the mind with the prospect of the
greatest earthly enjoyment. Sitting on a green
plot of Youth's Pleasure Field, with these flow-
ers around him, the youth can draw from them
pleasures like those of the successful orator,
the honored statesman, the millionaire, the
crowned Emperor, — earth's happiest man. In-
stead of going to the sanctuary of God on the
sacred one day in seven, there he sits, enjoying
Air-Castles ; evaporating his immortal Hfe-
blood in the feverish exhalations from these
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 17
flowers which are nowhere found but upon a
sin-cursed earth.
Does the orator stand before assembled thou-
sands and, with new truths, and choicest words,
and most beautiful figures, and touching de-
scriptions, and musical voice, sway their opin-
ions at his will ; extorting the exclamation,
^' It is the voice of a god, and not of a man ! "
This youth, living on these flowers, thinks he
enjoys as much. And more ; he takes at once,
the pleasure which the other realizes in his long
course of preparation for such a triumph. And
thus, in quick succession, he shares the delights
of earth's most gifted sons. This is living fast,
but how sadly as to results, we shall soon see.
Some strangely grasp at artificial Air- Cas-
tles, sometimes called Novels. Over these they
bend and strain their feeble eyes, and taste
and taste for real good, till often friends are
disregarded, children are neglected, the soul is
forgotten, and God is rejected.
" Bianca is one of the finest girls in the
whole round of my acquaintance, and is now
one of the happiest. But when I first became
acquainted with her, which was about three
18 THE EMIGRANTS.
years ago, she was an object of pity ; pale,
emaciated, nervous and hysterical ; at the early
age of seventeen, the days had already come
when she could truly say, she had no pleasure
in them. She confessed to me, that she had
lain on her bed, day after day, for months to-
gether, reading, or rather devouring, with a
kind of morbid appetite, every novel that she
could lay her hands on — without any pause be-
tween them, without any rumination, so that
the incidents were all conglomerated and con-
founded in her memory. She had not drawn
from them all a single useful maxim for the
conduct of life ; but calculating on the fairy
world, which her authors had depicted to her,
she was reserving all her address and all her
powers for incidents tliat would never occur,
and characters that would never appear." —
Wirt
To many youth, life would seem a burden
without one kind of these flowers ; either the
original, as first described, or the artificial. So
powerful is their charm. But after all, the sad
reality appears at last, that the pleasures de-
rived from them vanish in succession as soon as
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 19
felt ; just as these bubble-like Air-Castles
themselves do as soon as touched. An aching
void is left ; and these youth ^' become vain in
their imaginations, and their foolish heart is
darkened : professing themselves to be wise
they become fools.'' — Kom. 1 : 21, 22.
These are some of the flowers and fruits of
Youth's Pleasure Field. Many spend the most
important days of their life in this field, very
nearly as just now represented. It is quite dif-
ficult to get their attention long enough to con-
vince them of their foil}" in staying there.
Even if they acknowledge their belief that
there is a better land, they often seem deprived
of their senses ; they often look back and turn,
after they have started away. Yet it is as
true as the Bible, and these may know it if
they will, that those who persist to stay there
and spend their life in the way described, will
feel the weight of God's displeasure, and will
be exiled to the home of devils.
NO-FAITH.
I found a few joeople who came from a part
of Sin called No-Faith. That section is wor-
^k
20 THE EMIGRANTS.
thy of notice chiefly from the character of its
inhahitants. They are generally supposed not
to be very numerous. But it is impossible to
penetrate all the retreats which the country
affords, so as to get a correct census of its
people.
If any persons residing there are asked who
is their object of worship, they stare, and say
they have no worship. If asked, What is your
religion ? they say. We have no trouble about
that. What ! have you no religious belief?
We have heard of there being such, say they,
but we have none. We concern ourselves with
no ideas or feelings of obhgation to affect us,
beyond those arising from natural laws and our
animal nature. We know of no being superior
to man, as having any claim upon us, or con-
trol over us. There may be such a being ; but
we are not concerned to be convinced whether
there is or not. We have no belief on such
subjects. We have heard of feelings of moral
or religious obligation, but we do not under-
stand them : and we have no concern to try to
understand. We are not sure whether we have
souls or not. At any rate, we are set on en-
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 21
joying ourselvesj without being disturbed by
any concern about such things.
The course of life pursued by , a far-
mer, will illustrate the general state of the in-
habitants. He makes it his business to get a
living. He finds it necessary, like the squirrel
or the bee, to lay in a store for winter. He
therefore brings his best knowledge into use to
provide. He clears and plows his land, builds
fences around it, sows his seed ; and, at the
proper time, gathers his crop into his barns.
He has his grain, his cattle, his household sup-
plies. The drawings of instinct lead him to
family connections. With the same natural
instinct, with the same promptings by which the
goose chooses a mate, he chooses a wife. They
then unite in providing for their new wants.
A home is needed, and various accompaniments.
They show some more skill than the fowl, in
building its nest ; or the beaver, in construc-
ting its mud cottage and accompanying dam.
But in this they only act like a superior species
of animals. When they rouse from a night's
slumber, they no more think of the Divine
power which has kept them safely, than the
22 THE EMIGRANTS.
beaver does. Instead of appearing to sing
their Maker's praise in the early morning as
the birds do, they start at once upon their round
of daily gathering. Not one expression of
gratitude to God escapes their lips : they do
not think of it : they have no belief whether
he even exists or not. They have not brought
their minds up to decide on so high a point as
that ; but, so far as religion is concerned, only
up to points level with animal capacities.
When hungry, they eat with the same relish
that any animal does, and with the same kind
of feeling. They give forth no words or signs
to indicate that God has anything to do in sup-
plying them. They do not thank him. And
when they begin their day's toil, they do it
with apparently the same motives which actu-
ate the busy bee. They gather their stores and
hoard them in their houses, in chests or rooms
constructed with almost as much exactness of
economy and skill as is exhibited in the bee's
octagonal cells.
In this way they spend the season for gath-
ering ; and the rest of the time they occupy
in enjoying what they have gotten. They know
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 23
nothing of dependence on God during all this ;
they do not trust in him ; they do not pray to
him. A traveller from another country, who*
who had never had the idea of the being and
authority of God introduced to him, would no
more have that idea suggested to him by their
course of daily life, than he would by the busy
life of a swarm of bees. Their offspring follow
the instincts of the parents ; and, unless through
some other agency than theirs they get the
ideas of their soul's being and responsibilities,
they grow up in similar ignorance and unbelief
Such, it would appear to any traveller, is the
general character of the people inhabiting the
place I name No-Faith. In various avocations
this character is sustained. They are not all
as industrious as the family spoken of : but if
lolling in indolence, and entirely unconcerned
in regard to any anticijDated wants, they exhibit
the same blank as to any observable religious
feeling. Their personal appearance, words, acts
toward each other, family associations, social
intercourse, all their rules of life, public build-
ings and institutions, give no indications that
any religious belief exists among them.
,24 THE EMIGRANTS.
NO-CARE.
No- Care lies adjoining the last named state.
The climate, productions, and character of the
inhabitants in the two states, are very nearly
alike. It is far removed from the bracing cli-
mate of the temperate zone ; and it is thought
to be attributable very much to the enervating
influence of its climate, that none of its natives
are renowned for strength of mind, or for intel-
lectual attainments. Its soil is very luxurious,
but poisonous reptiles and noxious plants are
its more natural products. The walk, motions
when at work, and general movements of the
people, are exceedingly slow, and apparently
without aim ; and they feel a peculiar lassitude
when the breezes come from the direction of
No-Faith. Frequently, with such a mind, they
care for no property, no law, no friends, nor
even for life itself. They seem to be doomed
by fate ; they have no ambition to rouse and
ascertain whether it merely seems so ; whether
they can of their own free choice accomplish
something worthy of living. In that condition
of imbecility the absolute monarch of that
country often exacts from them all their posses-
THEIR I^ATIVE COUNTRY. 25
sions ; and somehow he often strangely enlists
them to become his most abject slaves.
Yet a few of these people have been waked
to a consciousness of the folly of staying in
that state, and have been induced to emigrate
to a better land. These have always manifested
in my hearing, whenever I met them, the high-
est pleasure. Their escape from that danger-
ous land seems to them much like coming to
life from the dead.
FORMALITY.
This is a part of the country opposite to the
states before named. And its appearance is
quite in contrast. It bears less marks of native
wildness ; it is, indeed, pretty well cultivated.
It is sufficiently cleared up and settled. Its
highways are laid out in regular order. The
buildings and their appendages exhibit consid-
erable taste. Public buildings are found where
needed, constructed with economy and beauty.
Churches and school-houses are located at such
distances as to be convenient of access to aU
the people. The state and county buildings
indicate that they have laws and enforce them.
26 THE EMIGRANTS.
Indeed, in times of peace and fair weather,
they seem to be in a condition to enjoy Hfe ;
and to have provided for themselves as though
they thought to stay there forever. And yet
they are not without religion, — such a religion
that they might continue its practices and en-
joy all its promises in the same place eternally,
if that could be allowed. They have their
stated periods for religious services ; and also,
a time for all things ; and, a place for every-
thing, and everything in its appointed place.
In church they cannot properly be said to
worship ; nor indeed anywhere else. But they
have religious ceremonies which aj)pear like
worship. They assemble in houses devoted
professedly to the worship of God Most High.
In their best and neatest apparel they take
their several places, — the minister in the pul-
pit, the singers in the orchestra, the families in
the main body of the house. With solemn air
the exercises commence. Presently beautiful
harmony strikes the ear ; it seems like the
sound of many voices praising God ; but, on
looking up, it is seen by unmistakable signs to
be a performance for the gratification of the
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 27
company present. Many look on, evidently
with the impression that they have nothing to
do with the singing but to hear and enjoy.
They do not notice the expressions of language,
they are taken with the sounds : of course the
singing does not raise the praise of their hearts
in the sentiments of the hymn. They feel
thankful that the singers have performed their
part well ; and the singers feel that they
deserve credit and praise for their pains.
After this, the minister stands up, or kneels,
to say prayers. It would be thought out of
due form for him to sit during prayer. While
his voice is heard in this ceremony, the congre-
gation appears in various attitudes ; — some sit
on theh seats, either looking about or with their
eyes closed, and some of them reclining their
heads in thoughtful mood or in slumber ; others
stand, and perhaps a few think it appears better
to kneel. The minister talks in his prayer of
many blessings enjoyed, and of many more
w^anted ; and is very careful to talk well and
eloquently. After all, his hearers never say
amen with heart nor voice, to his thanks or re-
quests, but are rather revolving in their minds
28
THE EMIGRANTS.
some business affairs which have strongly en-
gaged their feelings. If they had been appoint-
ed to go with their minister to a king's throne
to ask a favor, the king would never have sus-
pected that they added their names in signa-
ture to the offered petition of their minister, if
they conducted as this assembly does at such
season of prayer.
A celebrated bard has well described one
leading class of persons in these congregations.
Of one such he says :
" He was a man
Who stole the livery of the court of heaven
To serve the devil in ; in virtue's guise
Devoured the widow's house and orphan's bread ;
In holy i)hrase transacted villanies
That common sinners durst not meddle with.
At sacred feast, he sat [a painted saint,]
And with his guilty hands touched holiest things.
And none of sin lamented more, or sighed
More deeply, or with graver countenance,
Or longer prayer, wept o 'er the dying man,
Whose infant children, at the moment, he
Planned how to rob : in sermon style he bought.
And sold, and lied ; and salutation made
In Scripture terms : he prayed by quantity,
And with his repetitions long and loud,
All knees were weary ; with one hand he put
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 29
A penny in the urn of poverty,
And with the other took a shilling out.
On charitable lists — those trump which told
The public ear, who had in secret done
The poor a benefit, and half the alms
They told of, took themselves to keep them sounding;
He blazed his name, more pleased to have it there
Than in the Book of Life."
Persons bearing such a descriptionj and all
the variety of characters there assembled, do
not really pray nor worship ; but they are there
to keep up the forms of religion.
The minister announces his text. And how
he preaches, another quotation from the poet
will show :
" He preached himself: he swore that love of souls
Alone, had drawn him to the Church : yet strew'd
The path that led to hell, with tempting flowers,
And in the ear of sinners, as they took
The way of death, he whispered peace : he swore
Away all love of lucre, all desire
Of earthly pomp, and yet a princelj^ seat
He liked, and to the clink of Mammon's box
Gave most rapacious ear : his prophecies
He swore, were from the Lord ; and yet taught lies
For gain : with quackish ointment healed the wounds
And bruises of the soul, outside, but left
Within the pestilent matter unobserved,
30 THE EMIGRANTS.
To sap the moral constitution quite,
And soon to burst again, incurable.
" For lie another Gospel preached than Paul,
And one that had no Savior in 't. And yet,
His life was worse. Faith, charity, and love.
Humility, forgiveness, holiness.
Were words well lettered in his Sabbath creed ;
But with his life he wrote as plain : Revenge,
Pride, tyranny, and lust of wealth and power
Inordinate, and lewdness unashamed.
He was a wolf in clothing of the lamb.
And that he was anointed, fools believed:
But [others] knew he was the devil's priest ;
Anointed by the hands of Sin and Death,
And set peculiarly apart to ill."
Whilst such a minister goes on with his dis-
course professedly to lead upward the feelings
of his auditors to adore and love God, and to
induce in them an enhghtened fear of him,
their busy minds use their liberty ; and many
a fine bargain have they planned, and many a
political scheme have they contrived, during
the sermon's hour. And they return to their
homes wiser than they came ; for they have
studied out, or dreamed, some valuable plans
for future operations ; or, perhaps some have
made observations upon the men and women
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 31
present, and are wiser from this study of human
character.
Meanwhile they have done what they esteem
a valuable service to the country and to the
rising generation ; for, in going to church they
encourage religious institutions ; and without
these, one essential bond to hold society together
under the regulations of good laws, would be
wanting. For the sake of this and kindred in-
terests, they, with great cheerfulness, both go
to church, and bear a part in paying the ne-
cessary expenses of keeping up the formalities
of religion.
The laws of these people, to be sure, are not
religious laws ; but some degree of religious
restraint is thought by legislators to be very im-
portant, in order to keep certain despicable
characters in awe. And for this purpose it is
thought desirable to give as much character as
possible to rehgious observances. All good cit-
izens, it is supposed, will appreciate the impor-
tance of encouraging decent religious institu-
tions.
And yet all this religion, practiced in that
region, is of a character which might be con-
32 THE EMIGRANTS.
tinued in all its peculiarities of doctrine, and
in the significancy of its ceremonies, forever on
earth, never finding in its ultimate results any
sovereign Lord, nor any heaven. It is a set of
forms under the name of religion, for earthly
purposes, affording all its benefits during hu-
man life in this world.
As these peculiar formalities of religion are
what have given name to this part of the coun-
try, I need not take time to state other less
prominent characteristics.
CITY OF HEADY-RELIGIOUS DISPUTES.
Close by Formality lies the City of Heady-
Religious Disputes. Prominent to the view
may be seen the floating banners of the city,
with the motto inscribed : " Contend earnestly
for the faith once dehvered to the saints."
But if these citizens appear to conform to the
letter of this text, they certainly fail to abide
by its spirit. They magnify to great impor-
tance small points of faith, to the neglect of
weightier matters. And this indeed seems ne-
cessary in order to maintain the leading ele-
ments of their character ; for if they were to
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 33
have their attention taken with the essential
doctrines of Christianity, their hearts would
become ajBfected, and their merely heady dis-
putes would cease.
Persons of a great many sects live in this
city ; some of ancient, and some of modern
names. Some of these spend their religious
study upon curious questions, suggested by in-
cidental remarks of the Scriptures. Prominent
among these curious questions is this, — Who
was Melchisedec's grandfather ? and hours of
religious talk are consumed in dispute upon it :
more than these persons ever spend to know
how they may be saved from their sins. And
whenever these read the Bible, they do it with
this spirit of curiosity, rather than that of pious
inquiry. In this way they try to study into the
unrevealed mysteries accompanying Christ's
incarnation. A heated dispute once arose
among them whether the virgin Mary was or
was not born by immaculate conception ;
and whether she ever had any children after
the birth of Jesus. They debated these ques-
tions as though their eternal salvation depended
on the correctness of their conclusions. To
34 THE EMIGRANTS.
settle the forms of Church governments^ fre-
quently affords subjects for employment in this
city : and they never get these forms settled
beyond dispute. They are more eager to get
right here, than they are to practice love to God
and man.
One young man, formerly known to the wri-
ter, went to live in this city. He had pre-
viously assumed an allegiance to Christ, and
had soon after become very zealous in arguing
from house to house his views in regard to some
of the forms of religious ceremonies ; particu-
larly as to the form of administering the sacra-
ment of baptism. Which form he advocated
I do not distinctly recollect ; but there arose
considerable excitement among the peoj)le on
the subject, and he acted as though he was ex-
pending upon it all the zeal of a Christian's
first love. In a short time I heard of him in
the City of Heady-Religious Disputes, far from
the city of Brotherly Love, but near Jonah's
Retreat and Wrecking Place.
A minister, once celebrated in the land of
the saints, has gone to that city. He ventured
first into its suburbs, to advocate some views in
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 35
regard to enslaving the bodies of men ; and in
a way to neglect his great business of wresting
souls from the thraldom of sin. By the sweep
of this controversy's whirl^ like that of Nor-
way's Maelstrom, he was drawn within the cir-
cle of the city, and became soon a regular cit-
izen. He has since been heard of, bearing an
active part in the city, agitating various religious
questions, — pertaining to the time of Christ's
second appearing, the day and the hour ; the
particular part of the universe in which God
will finally locate heaven, and how it will ap-
pear; the annihilation of the wicked as the
form of " the second death," &c., &c.
Pollok has well described one character found
in this city. He names him,
" The bigot theologian — in minute
Distinctions skilled, and docti'ines unreduced
To practice ; in debate how loud ! how long !
How dexterous ! in Christian love, how cold '
His vain conceits were orthodox alone.
The immutable and heavenly truth, revealed
By God, was naught to him : he had an art,
A kind of hellish charm, that made the lips
Of truth speak falsehood ; to his liking turned
The meaning of the text ; made trifles seem
The marrow of salvation ; to a word,
36 THE EMIGRANTS.
A name, a sect, that sounded in the ear,
And to the eye so many letters showed,
But did no more — gave value infinite ;
Proved still his reasoning hest, and his belief,
Though propped on fancies, wild as madmen's dreams :
Most rational, most scriptural, most sound ;
With mortal heresy denouncing all
Who in his arguments could see no force.
On points of faith too fine for human sight.
And never understood in heaven, he placed
His everlasting hope, undoubting placed."
All these persons observe religious ceremo-
nies very mucli as tlie inhabitants of Formality
do. They contend for these ceremonies ; and,
frequently, for customs and creeds better than
those upon which they practice. They gener-
ally prefer a crowd, upon which they may urge
their contending arguments.
As to the particular appearance of this city,
it has this peculiarity ; — it has no direct sun-
light. With but very few if any exceptions, it
enjoys only moon-light, or light otherwise re-
flected. A meteor-like star may occasionally
be seen. The inhabitants have heard of a sun
which shines so clearly and penetratingly as to
affect not only the bodies and minds, but also
the hearts of the people. St. Paul reported
THEIR isATlVE COUNTKY
37
this fact to them when he said, '' God, who
commanded the Hght to shine out of darkness,
hath shined in om- hearts, to give the light of
the knowledge of the glory of God in the face
of Jesus Christ/'— 2 Cor. 4 : 6.
But the condition of these people is repre-
sented by the same apostle in the 4th verse, by
asserting, " The God of this world hath blinded
the minds of them which believe not, lest the
light of the knowledge of the glory of God,
should shine unto them." The light of the
knoiuledge of the glory of God, this city does
not enjoy. They have rays of light, as stated,
but not direct : they are often much dimmed
by repeated reflections through works of human
skill, (books,) and afford but little comfort to
the soul. By such dim and cold rays of light,
and what they can manufacture themselves,
these people pursue their course of life, — study-
ing, consulting with each other upon the va-
rious points in dispute ; from time to time
gathering at church, there debating upon the
subjects of previous study and consultation ;
and then by the same uncertain lights, gather-
ing in knots about town, canvassing the merits
38 THE EMIGRANTS.
of the debate. The closet, family prayer,
heart-searching, humility, and love, are neg-
lected. Their heads are exercised on religious
topics, but their hearts are unaffected. Of
course, various wrongs are practiced, as the heart
inclines.
The dim moon-light, the occasional meteor,
the artificial lamj)-lights and fires, — all together
afford but little heat, insufficient for comfort.
The seat of life is not vt^armed sufficiently to
prevent an unpleasant sensation through the
whole system, occasioning a constant and very
apparent restlessness. And human nature, in
this case, is very far from being able to conform
her powers to these circumstances so as to
make them more endurable. The whole per-
son waxes worse and worse, and the nervous-
like excitement more and more harassing. A
chilling coldness often seizes the heart, and a
feeling of utter indifference to the calls of the
best friends : a certain premonition of the final
doom of the city is realized, even the brooding
over it of an eternal night ; with its side next
to heaven congealed by colder than polar frost,
and the other warmed only by the glare of the
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 39
flames of hell. Then the often evinced truth
appears clearer than ever, that very little of
vital Christianity and the spirit of heaven, are
requisite to an ardent controversialist about va-
rious religious to^iics. One can fight for reli-
gion with none of it in his heart and but
little of it in his head.
Jonah's retreat.
Jonah's Ketreat embraces a large sea-coast
and its adjoining seas. Some live almost en-
tirely in vessels, floating upon the sea ; and
taken all together, the population is very great.
This territoiy is now claimed by the great
usurper, Beelzebub, as a part of his dominions ;
and it is filled with inhabitants who have re-
volted from their rightful Sovereign. Haj)py
he who escapes — emigrates to the better land.
The general character of the inhabitants cor-
responds to that of Jonah, after whom the
place is named. 1. He was unwilling to do
what his God required. '* The word of the
Lord came unto Jonah, saying. Arise, go to
Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it ;
for their wickedness is come up before me.
40 THE EMIGRANTS.
But Jonah rose up to flee unto Tarshish from
the presence of the Lord." He was unwiUing
to do what api)eared to him to be risking his
reputation, even though by Divine direction.
Said he, " I knew that thou art a gracious God,
and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kind-
ness, and repentest thee of the evil."
In view of this character of God, he suspec-
ted that the proclamation he was directed to
make against Nineveh would be reversed, just
as sure as the Ninevites repented and asked
this favor. In such case his denunciations
against it would fail, and he appear to be a
false prophet. He was unwilling to do duty
as required, and trust consequences with God.
In like manner all the people of this place
are obstinately unwilling to serve their rightful
Sovereign. With this obstinacy of heart there
are found here all classes of persons, from the
humblest peasant with the feeblest capacity, to
the most towering and cultivated minds. They
have become so abject as to be willing to for-
sake their lawful Sovereign for the ride of a
despot. They might have performed valuable
service as public oflicers, in publishing laws and
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 41
their penalties, in presenting inducements to
all to comply with the laws, in bearing rew^ards
to the faithful, in warning and urging against
disobedience ; and indeed, by being always
ready for any service wanted. Those less capa-
ble of public usefulness, or in less favorable
circumstances for it, as is the case of most
women — for these too are found in this Eetreat —
might have accomplished essentially good ser-
vice in building up the kingdom of their right-
ful Lord, — by living happy lives under his do-
minion, strengthening and encouraging each
other in every day life, w^arning each other and
all ]3ersons when danger was near, helping sus-
tain expenses of the kingdom, going in com-
panies to drive off those disposed to encroach
upon the rights of their country, and by win-
ning them., per equates, from the enemy's ranks.
Souls unwilling to serve in all such various
ways, may be found occupying this Ketreat.
2. Jonah fled from the presence of the Lord.
So all these people have fled from their law^ful
Euler to get rid of doing duty. Jonah was
told to "go to Nineveh, that great city, and to
cry against it." So all these have been told to
42 THE EMIGRANTS.
do some duty ; to get rid of doing whicli, tliey
have fled. They may have never done a thing
forbidden ; but they have neglected to do what
was required. They were required by the King
of Heaven to engage in his service, with assur-
ances of rich rewards. Young men were re-
quired to become his ministers, or to employ
their property in their King's service, — to enter
upon all the several avocations in life in a way
to serine his interests. And the ladies were re-
quired to serve him in their appropriate spheres.
Once a timid female was required to warn her
associates of the danger to which she saw them
exposed ; and to carefully set an example of
escaping the same danger herself, in a way to
encourage their effort. Kather than do it she
fled to this Ketreat. Indeed, farmers and me-
chanics, tradesmen, sailors, oflicers of civil gov-
ernment, male and female, the rich and the
poor, persons of all classes, may be seen at dif-
ferent times urging their course toward this
Eetreat. Some take long and crooked journeys
to reach it. For instance, one C, an acquain-
tance of the writer, was required to give im-
portant instruction and warning to certain of
THEIR NATIVE COUNTllY. 43
his friends and acquaintances ; all of which he
was well caj)able of doing, and would thereby
have greatly benefited the government under
which he lived. He begun to comply, and with
marked success ; but became unwilling to de-
vote his time, and endure the requisite toil and
reproach. He thought he W'ould willingly suf-
fer all this among any other people ; but he
could not feel as he wished in going to these.
Pie must stop and go somewhere else to live.
He had obtained some ideas about this Ketreat.
He resolved to try it, and started. He went a
few hundred miles, w^hen his funds run out ;
and he stopped to try a livehhood there. Suc-
ceeding but poorly, and hearing of gold on the
route he wanted to take, he started for this
land of gold. But he never reached it : he
ended his days in another part of this Retreat.
He was not so fortunate as the ancient Jo-
nah, who escaped from the belly of the fish.
This man was taken by the monster alcohol,
and soon miserably perished. Some have been,
more fortunate than he, and have survived and
escaped, like Jonah, to tell the tale of their
perils.
44 THE EMIGRANTS,
3. Jonali was exposed to imminent dangers.
This has been already intimated as the case
with some before they became fairly settled in
this Ketreat. But persons who have arrived
there, and are in apparently easy circumstances,
suffer great misery and danger. They all spend
a miserable life ; for if they are so stultified
by their base habits as to be unconscious of the
evils to which they are exposed, they are equal-
ly insensible to the refined enjoyments of life.
They, however, know enough to have their
comforts blasted by " a fearful looking for of
judgment and fiery indignation."
One who might have been a minister of God
lives in a miserable way. He enters upon a
great many projects for business, but never pur-
sues any one course long enough to bring it to
any successful conclusion. He is constantly
embarrassed, harassed, and unhappy : and all
this is just what might be expected in his state
of mind. Every kind of business requires to
be pursued a certain length of time, in order
to bring it to a successful issue ; and his state,
restless under the goadings of conscience, will
not suffer him to exercise patience enough for
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 45
this. Occasionally lie sees individuals chained,
and all prepared to be taken to Sin's Prison-
House, who assure him that he might have in-
fluenced them to a course of life, by which they
never would have reached their present po-
sition.
" Ah me ! what cursing then
Was heaped upon his head by ruined souls,
That charged him with their murder."
Then he sees them dragged away. And is
it any wonder that he hears their denuncia-
tions from their Prison-House ? Can a soul,
once possessed of human feelings, be other than
horrified at the assurance that he has contrib-
uted, by his neglect, to the writhing of his for-
mer friends in torment ? Especially must he
feel when, with this, he knows he is himself
momentarily exposed to the same suffering.
Another apparently succeeds better, and gets
rich. For awhile his thoughts are so absorbed
with money matters that he forgets where he
is. Thus forgetting, he is not troubled with
the ruin others are suffering because he has re-
fused to help them as he might have done.
But the day of retribution awaits liim : he
46 THE EMIGRANTS.
must again awake to what evil he has done,
and he is every moment ex^josed to have the
blood of many required at his hands. His
riches are turned to be his greatest curse.
Indeed, with all classes, in every avocation in
this Ketreat, the very opposite of what is prom-
ised to those who love God, is endured. — All
things work together for evil to those ivho flee
from the presence of the Lord, to avoid doing
the duties he requires.
WRECKING PLACE.
On one side of this is Philosopher's Valley ;
and again hard by, is False-Hope Mountain.
Troubled Seas more than half surround it, and
project, at several points, far into the interior.
On one border is the promontory Scepticis7n ;
so high as to be seen from all parts of Wreck-
ing Place.
The character of the inhabitants corresponds
with the rough and forbidding aspects of the
country. But the country is most noted for
the number of souls wrecked there.
Several young men once set sail on what
they termed the voyage of life. A number of
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 4*7
young ladies Avere with them. They took with
them a chart, "-*'■■ prepared by one acquainted
with all the seas in their route ; and so plainly
descriptive that any unlearned and inexperi-
enced persons could know by it theh best
course. With this they had a true and long-
tried compass, always pointing its needle toward
the pole.f Their chart and compass were de-
signed to serve them as guides, to show them
at any time where they were, and to insure the
correctness of their course toward their pro-
posed destination. But they begun very soon
to look at them as objects of curiosity and
criticism. The assurances of their deserving
confidence because of their having never failed
those who have been guided by them, are for-
gotten in the spirit of guessing into their mys-
teries. Instead of following their direct way, as
the compass would guide them, they indulge
doubt of its correctness, and turn to the left.
* Bibl3.
t The representation of the Bible as a chart, and the Con-
science, under the influence of the Holy Spirit, as a compass,
is warranted by various passages of Scripture ; as, John 5 :
39; Acts 17: 11; Rom. 8 : 14,26; James 1 : 5; Rom. 1 :
19; John 14: 26; John 16 : 13.
48 THE EMIGRANTS.
Why, say they, does the needle always point to
the north ? We can see no reason for this ;
and therefore, we do not believe it does. And
who knows whether the chart is correct ? It
is true, we never heard of any being shipwrecked
who trusted to this chart and compass. But
is it not folly to trust to what we cannot com-
prehend ? and there are many mysteries about
these guides.
One daring fellow, with more self-esteem
than his associates, stood and said : " Hear me,
my friends, hale fellows well met. It is de-
grading to be so much concerned about what is
read upon that little parchment, and about
the fluttering of that little needle. I am too
independent to be influenced by such guides.
I have a mind of my own, certainly given me
to use ; and I will use it, to choose my own
way to harbor and home. I have heard a great
many things about this chart and compass.
Kumor says that they are gotten up for specu-
lative purposes ; and that certain men called
priests, who are in the secret of their being
palmed upon the world, chuckle over the
thought that their chart and compass riile the
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 49
ways of thousands : and someliow they have
their account in all this. True, this chart has
been of great service to many ; and, really, I
must think we would be perfectly safe to fol-
low its guidance ; but who can consent to be
laughed at every time he hauls up on these
troubled seas? I declare to you, that chart
and compass must be j)ut out of sight, and we
will direct our course by our superior judgment,
without any regard to them. Such mysterious,
incomprehensible guides, shall not lord it over
me. I can find my own way." To this all
agreed, and encouraged each other in this de-
cision ; so that all showed confidence, though a
few felt some misgivings in regard to their
safety. — " Land on the star-board,'' cried the
man on the look out. And, indeed, there was
the promontory. Scepticism, hard by, close
along which they had been coasting during
their conversation, but until now undiscovered,
because of the fog. — " Breakers ahead," was the
cry again : — and again, "Helm hard up:" —
and they just escaped, when lo, they found
themselves in what is called Troubled Seas.
Of these they had heard ; but they thought
50 THE EMIGRANTS.
there were some fine prospects ; and, who that
is a good sailor, is afraid of a storm ? Like the
storm bird, let this be our element, said they.
The women became alarmed at their daring ;
but were quieted at last with repeated assur-
ances of their regard ; and that it was silly to
be influenced by fear, because that dirty chart
and old compass told them they were in dan-
gerous seas. They all drank and caroused to-
gether, forgetting all care about safety, when
behold, they were nearly engulfed in a whirl-
pool,— and they sunk together.
Some merchants started on a voyage for
gain ; and disregarding their chart and com-
pass, were wrecked in these seas.
A physician, venturing to guide his course
in all respects, in the same way he did in the
uncertainties of medical practice, thought to
pursue his perilous voyage according to symp-
toms, and so took no chart or compass witli
him. He trusted in no God, and found no
protector. He was wrecked on these shores.
An attorney thought he knew too much, —
he, a statesman, was too wise, to think his des-
tiny was depending on the information received
.1^ THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 51
from a simple chart and compass, which even
a negro could understand. And away he ven-
tured upon the voyage of life with no guide
but a pretender for a pilot, who proved a false
wretch. Soon the statesman was dashed upon
the rocks of Scepticism.
Many persons in common life, seeing these
professional characters, who are reputed for
learning and influence in society, starting off
without chart or compass, themselves venture
to follow the example. Thousands of these have
been wrecked in every part of that country. A
few occasionally escape to land, and linger awhile
in mortal life ; and, sometimes one finds a cast-
away chart and compass ; and, resolving to trust
their guidance, escapes to the land of the free.
0 how rejoiced were those I met with of this
class. Is not this escaping from the very jaws
of death? said they.
Cumberland gives a most mournful story
concerning a gentleman of this country. — " I
remember him in the height of his fame, the
hero of his party ; no man so caressed, followed,
and applauded. He was a little loose, his
friends would own, in his moral character, but
52 THE EMIGRANTS.
then lie was the honestest fellow in the world ;
it was not to be denied, that he was rather
free in his notions, but then he was the best
creature living. I have seen men of the
gravest character wink at his follies ; because
he was so pleasant and so well bred, it was im-
possible to be angry with him. Everything
went well with him ; and Antitheus seemed to
be at the summit of human prosperity, when
he was suddenly seized with the most alarming
symptoms. He was at his country house ;
and, which had rarely happened to him, at
that time alone ; wife or family he had none,
and out of the multitude of his friends no one
happened to be near him at the time of his at-
tack. A neighboring physician was called out
of bed in the night to come to him with all
haste in his extremity. He found him sitting
up in his bed supported by pillows, his coun-
tenance full of horror, his breath struggling as
in the article of death, his pulse intermitting,
and at times beating with such rapidity as could
hardly be counted. Antitheus dismissed the
attendants he had about him, and eagerly de-
manded of the physician if he thought him in
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 53
danger ; the physician answered that he must
fairly tell him he was in imminent danger. —
Hoiu so ! liow so ! do you think me dying / —
He was sorry to say, the symptoms indicated
death. — Impossible ! you must not let me die,
I dare not die, 0 doctor ! save me if you
can. — Your situation, sir, is such, that it is not
in mine, or any other man's art, to save you ;
and I think I should not do my duty, if I gave
you any false hopes in these moments, which,
if I am not mistaken, will not more than suf-
fice for any worldly or other concerns, which
you may have upon your mind to settle. — 3Iy
mind is full of horror, and I am iricapable of
preparing it for death. — He now fell into an
agony, accompanied with a shower of tears. A
cordial was administered, and he revived in a
degree ; when, turning to the physician, who
had his fingers upon his pulse, he eagerly de-
manded of him, if he did not see that hlood
upon the feet-curtain of his bed. There was
none to be seen, the physician assured him ; it
was nothing but a vapor of his fancy. — ^ I see
it plainly,' said he, ^ in the sliape of a human
hand : I have been visited with a tremendous
54 THE EMIGRANTS.
apparition. As I was lying sleepless in my
bed this niglit, I took up a letter of a deceased
friend, to dissipate certain thoughts that made
me uneasy. I believed him to be a great phi-
losopher, and was converted to his opinions.
Persuaded by his arguments and my own expe-
rience, that the disorderly affairs of this evil
world would not be administered by any wise,
just, or provident Being, I had brought myself
to think that no such Being could exist, and
that a life produced by chance, must terminate
in annihilation. This is the reasoning of that
letter, and such were the thoughts I was re-
volving in my own mind, when the apparition
of my dear friend presented itself before me,
and, unfolding the curtains of my bed, stood
at my feet, looking earnestly upon me for a
considerable space of time. My heart sunk
within me ; for his face was ghastly, full of
horror, with an expression of such an anguish
as I can never describe. His eyes were lixed
upon me, and at length, with a mournful mo-
tion of his head — AlaSj alas ! he cried, v:g
are in a fatal error ! — and taking hold of the
curtains with his hand, shook them violently,
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 55
and disappeared. This I protest to you, I
both saw and heard ; and look ! where the
print of his hand is left in bloxl upon the
curtains.' ''
Cumberland says that Antitheus survived
the relation of this vision very few hours, anil
died delirious, in very great agonies : and he
justly remarks, " What a forsaken and discon-
solate creature is man, without his God and
Savior."
Thus forsaken and disconsolate are all those
who occupy Wrecking Place. Their general
career, and their end, unless avoided by timely
emigration, are well described by Pollok under
the character of the wo idly-wise man:
" He that to worldly wisdom shaped
His character, became the favorite
Of men — was honorable termed, a man
Of spirit; noble, glorious, lofty soul!
And as he crossed the earth in chase of dreams,
Received prodigious shouts of warm applause.
Hence, who to Godly wisdom framed his life,
Was counted mean, and spiritless, and vile.
— The wise [worldly-wise] man first of all eradicates,
As much as possible, fi'om out his mind
All thought of death, God, and eternity
Admires the world, and thinks of time alone:
56 THE EMIGRANTS.
Avoids the Bible, all reproof avoids;
Rocks conscience, if he can, asleep ; puts out
The eye of reason ; prisons, tortures, binds ;
And makes her thus by violence and force,
Give wicked evidence against herself:
Lets passion loose ; the substance leaves ; pursues
The shadow vehemently, but ne 'er o 'ertakes ;
Puts by the cup of holiness and joy ;
And drinks, carouses deeply in the bowl
Of death ; grovels in dust ; pollutes, destroys
His soul; is miserable to acquire
More misery ; deceives to be deceived ;
Strives, labors to the last to shun the truth ;
Strives, labors to the last to damn himself;
Turns desperate, shudders, groans, blasphemes, and dies,
And sinks — where could he else ? — to endless wo :
And drinks the wine of God's eternal wrath."
MINING TERRITORY.
Mining Territory occupies the very heart of
the country. Its surface is rough, but pictur-
esque ; and lovers of gain think it a very agree-
able climate.
What would strilvc a stranger most in pass-
ing, is the occupation of its inJiabitants. Their
occupation is searching, digging for precious
metals. These are esteemed precious, because
scarce, and because of its being exceedingly
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 57
difficult to obtain them ; besides, tbey supply
precious wants, those wants which are over and
above the natural ; such as are artificial, super-
ficial, for glitter and show. To gather these,
and either hoard them, or show them in every
possible way so as to make many wonder and
admire, is the grand aim of their laborious lives.
Once a passing stranger asked one of these
busy beings about his native j^lace ; what he
was doing, and what were his prospects. He
answered for himself ; and in doing this, reiDre-
sented also the case of his neighbors. Said
this man, whom we will call Miser, — I am
of noble birth. I am in the direct lineage
from the king of Heaven. There is reserved
for me in that other world an inheritance,
enough for any man, which it is my privilege to
go to and enjoy forever. I understand that the
streets of the city there where part of my in-
heritance lies, are paved with gold. 0 how I
love to see gold ! Surely, I may gather some
here.
Stranger. But I thought rich men's sons
were apt to think they were well enough off
without digging in the earth.
58 THE EMIGRANTS.
M. 0^ to be sure I have a rich ancestry ;
and if I retain my father's favor by being faith-
ful to comply with his wishes, I have no want
to fear. But there is pleasure in the finding :
there is health in the digging.
S. True, it is declared to all, since the fall,
^' By the sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat thy
bread all the days of thy life." We may un-
derstand that exercise is important to both
health and pleasure. But is it your chief busi-
ness to eat, and drink, and enjoy the good of
your labor ?
M. Why, this occupies most of my time.
And how can one help having the attention
and feelings mostly enlisted upon what is so
necessary? Why despise a present good, to
prefer that in the far off future ? Indeed, I
have heard it said that the main business as-
signed to human beings in this world, is to lay
up treasures in heaven : that by following the
instructions of their Lord, even the evils of
life will be made the very elements of richer
good in a future state of being : that souls
passing through the ordeal of afflictions in this
world, according to instructions given, will
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 59
come forth as gold tried in the fire : that flesh
and blood are but the crucible in which the
living soul is tried : that the living soul may
be happy as angels, have access to everything
it may prize good in God's universe, live in
perfect safety and unalloyed bliss, of a nature
so high and godlike, that all earthly substance
— the glittering metals and most precious
pearls, and highest puffs of applause ever given
by earth's sons, will all be counted as chaff ;
and that only known as a thing that was.
Every human being has an immaterial, immor-
tal nature, suited to enjoy a home far different
from any which these shining minerals can fur-
nish. Yet, I love to gather these mineral
treasures. And what did God make them in
this world for, if not for our use ?
S. What did he make corn for, if not to
use ? But because corn grows for man's use,
must we conclude it is proper to do nothing
else but eat corn ? And yet one might con-
clude thus, just as reasonably as to suppose, be-
cause God has made the precious metals, it is
right to concentrate all our energies during
life, in gathering them together in the form of
60 THE EMIGRANTS.
wliat the world calls wealtli. Hov*^ would it
seem^ if you were a stranger, passing along by
that heavenly city, the New Jerusalem, and
should see in it angels, and saints, settled there
from the earth, undertaking to gather material
treasures, to the neglect of the aj^propriate en-
joyment of spiritual beings, and to the disre-
gard of the laws of the Lord, who sits on Heav-
en's throne ? Think of seeing the angel Ga-
briel stooping, and bending his noble thoughts
to plan an enterprize for the employment of a
legion of angels. He surveys the heavenly
city, and considers the materials to be found in
the surrounding regions : he contrives how its
grandeur might be increased. And the thought
strikes him, that a city of his own contrivance
would be honorable. He encourages many
about him to the work. Think how that mul-
titude would appear in heaven, engaged in such
a work. They spare not the fair face of nature
to adorn their artificial structures. Those
trees by the river of life, which yield their
fruit every month, and whose leaves are for the
healing of the nations — Eev. 22 : 2 — they cut
down, and form into various frame work ; oth-
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 61
er precious trees are taken to ornament these
structures ; the hills are dug through to find
the most precious stones, like those adorning
the walls of the New Jerusalem — Rev. 21 : 19,
20 — and so the fair surface of Paradise is bro-
ken, to obtain precious metals, with which to
adorn whatever may be constructed by these
self-directed architects of heaven. They even
dig up the golden pavements of the Holy City,
and wrench doors and gates from their hinges,
to obtain materials for their work. Chests fuU
of precious ore are laid by, and called treas-
ures ; but are never used, only by counting
them at intervals for the gratification of those
who have gathered them. By the posses-
sion of such treasures great consequence is
gained in the eyes of neighbors ; and emula-
tion is excited. Others select those materials
which shine best and are most difficult to be
obtained, and exhibit them upon their persons,
their houses, and everytliing they possess, in
positions where their shining will most be seen ;
and so they fix their thoughts and attract the
thoughts of others to these things, until they
forget who is their Lord, and what is their ap-
62 THE EMIGRANTS.
propriate business in heaven. They become
reckless about the rights of other beings, and
with great selfishness gratify their ambitioUj in
defiance of law.
Besides all this, think of their being called
at one of the regularly returning periods of
that heavenly state, to gather in devout adora-
tion before God, there to exhibit continued al-
legiance to him as their rightful Sovereign : but
they disregard the call, and continue their ma-
terial toil. They will not spare time to wor-
ship) the Lord. They have already neglected
to take time to inquire after his will. They
have other business now than to serve their
God ; unless, indeed, their labors in their own
way may be for his glory. This they persuade
themselves to believe is the case, — that their
architecture, adorning, accoutrements, and
showy ceremonies they are contriving, will rival
the skill and attractions shown by God around
the place where he is adored ; so that they will
draw, by their artificial work, more devotion to
God. They think they may do this great evil,
even violate the laws of the Supreme, and the
sanctity of the Holy City, in order that this
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 63
good may come. Tliey would fain liave it be-
lieved that, by serving themselves, as stated,
they serve the Lord. They claim the privilege,
too, of disregarding all sacred times and sea-
sons, for their selfish gains. And how glad
they are that there is no night in heaven.
They can spend all the time in their work to
their own mind.
Other beings, faithful to their trust, in a way
suited to the nature of noble spiritual beings,
are busy in exercising their godlike powers
upon subjects fully equal to their capacities ;
they study to know more of God and his works,
and by this study to become mser and rise
higher and higher in the scale of being, to be-
come more and more like Grod ; they learn bet-
ter and better how to promote harmony in God's
universe, to understand the springs of real enjoy-
ment, how to make happiness spring up more
freely all around them ; ever and anon they
are sent in turn to some far off sphere, to min-
ister instruction or mercy to some order of be-
ings similar to themselves ; in short, their em-
ployment and enjoyment are like those of the
Infinite Spirit, and in these they ever approxi-
64 THE EMIGRANTS.
mate toward the perfection of tliat Spirit. As
sure as God is happy, they are ; as sure as God
is employed, they are. But these secular work-
ers disregard such employment and happiness,
and somehow contrive to bend their noble pow-
ers to material work. It is true, matter is
found in heaven, and that of most precious
form ; but it is designed as the instrument of
spirits, to be used by them ; yet these daring
ones bend their spirits to matter, — make the
instrument the end.
0, think how it would seem to a passing
stranger, to find legions of spiritual beings in
heaven, bending all their energies to material
work as suggested ; and all this in violation of
the directions given by the Supreme Ruler ;
thus neglecting the occupations and enjoyments
which characterize heaven. What would you
think, friend, if you were a stranger, passing
heaven, and should see beings thus employed ?
M. What should I think ! think ! why —
why, I should suppose they were very foolish :
that they were not attending to their proper
business, and were very daring. ,
S. Well, what is the difference between
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 65
such supposed inconsistency, and yours ? You
make gain of earthly treasures the grand aim
in all your plans and toils, and force your God-
like mind, your feelings, your religion — every-
thing, to Lend to this. Now, for which should
you live, for the body or the soul ? for self, as
dictator ; or for the glory of God ? Should
your spiritual nature and bodily organs, the
laws of God and the good of religion, be made
secondary and contribntary to laying uj) treas-
ures upon earth ? or, ought you to use all the
abihties you have, and all of earth's treasures
which come into your possession, as secondary
and contribntary to the enriching of ycur im-
mortal soul with Godlike endowments ?
M. What I ought to do is not the leading
question with me nor my neighbors. Where
is the human being who does all he ought to
do ? However strange our course may appear
to you, a passing stranger, we feel more inclined
to satisfaction in the conclusion that we do well
in resolving to be rich. Some of us love riches
for their own sake, — we love to count our
treasures : some of us are laying up something
to make our children respectable : some are
66 THE EMIGRANTS.
ambitious to get honor, or power ; and riches,
you know, will essentially help us to these.
Yet, with all these earthly gains, we mean to
have religion enough before we die to carry us
to heaven.
So these people argue, and strangely think
to do a very different work on earth from that
for which God has placed them here, and -after
all, be treated as though faithful to their trust.
They disregard the warning that "they who
will be rich fall into temptation, and a snare,
and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which
drown men in destruction and perdition." And
really, it is found that there is a loadstone-like
power in this territory, which attracts and holds
its inhabitants to its soil, so that it is exceed-
ingly difficult to induce any to emigrate. Thus
is manifested what Christ meant when he said,
^' It is easier for a camel to go through the eye
of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into
the kingdom of Grod." Yet some, through
great and merciful help from God, do emigrate,
and give all their gains to the service of God.
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 67
LECHERY.
The very name of this city indicates the
character of those residing in it and its suburbs.
It is necessary to say but little to give an idea
of the native place of the few emigrants who
have come over from that city. The sun of
this world shines there, and warms, and ex-
cites exhilarating breezes ; but these agencies
are turned from their legitimate effects to the
arousing of the depraved corruptions of human
nature, and a loathsome miasma pervades the
atmosphere. Whatever enjoyments are found
there, are earth-like ; and Kke eating the book
of which the angel said — Kev. 10 : 9, 10 —
^' Take it, and eat it up ; and it shall make
thy belly bitter, but it shall be in thy mouth
sweet as honey." Many have perished with
this bitterness. And yet many of the inhabi-
tants claim to be intelligent and noble : and it
is true that all grades of human society are
found there, from the poorest serf, to the inher-
itor of kingdoms. After all, it is a miserable
land to dwell in, and the habits of the people
are worse than those of beasts. Happy are
68 THE EMIGRANTS.
they who escape to the better land in time to
overcome the baneful effects of that inhospita-
ble climate. In that city, she is most notice-
able whose " house is the way to hell, going
down to the chambers of death." — Prov. 7 : 27.
OFFICE-HILL FACTORY.
The capitol of the kingdom is upon Office-
Hill. And here, above the offices of the seve-
ral departments of state, clerk's offices, and
legislative halls, and the palace itself, towers
most prominent to view, the factory for manu-
facturing officers for government. Hence the
name of the seat of government — Office-Hill
Factory. Here gather the chief dignitaries of
the kingdom. Here it is shown that, if all
men are born with equal rights, they are cer-
tainly not destined to continue equal. There
will be the governor and the governed. But
though this may be generally true in all coun-
tries, in this kingdom, 'tis never worth that
makes the man, nor gains him office. Officers
are made, or moulded in the factory, of such
stuff as is easily wrought.
The fact is, speaking without this figure, in
THEIR NATIVE COUKTRY. 69
this kingdom men seek office and high station
for the sake of the honors and emoluments ;
not in the spirit of philanthropy or virtue.
The spirit of selfishness is supreme with them.
In front of the factory on this hill, and of its
sub-factories in all parts of the Idngdom, men
may be s en chatting to attract every passing
newsmonger ; and so gathering up and revol-
ving in their minds the popular views and feelings
of the people, that they may know how to
shape their course in the direction of public
opinion. They have no concern to enlighten
and elevate the masses ; but, to watch the
signs of the times, and sagaciously anticipate
the direction the masses will take, in time to
flourish in their front. That being done, it is
of no consequence whether virtue is trampled
on, and the right outraged. They are the pop-
ular leaders, getting glory and wealth ; and
that is enough.
The people will not always allow them to
take such front position, without some manifes-
tations of erudition and wealth. As to erudi-
tion, they can easily manufacture that in Office-
Hill Factory. A part of the process is for
70 THE EMIGRANTS.
the operators to volunteer cute decisions upon
various afiairs of their neighbors. Much bold
effrontery, pampering of wealth, and cherishing
of vanity, will gain them notice. And as to
wealth,
" Fools, indeed, dro}) the man in their account,
And vote the mantle into majesty. —
So, the small savage boasts his silver fur,
His royal robe unborrow 'd, and unbought,
His own, descending fairly from Jiis sires."
And if his ermined covering be borrowed,
and not " his own," it is all the same with that
multitude ; provided he can wear it as his.
He must figure in wealth, either real or bor-
rowed, and scatter freely among his constitu-
ents ; then he may be voted into renown.
With all this, these notables ought to appear
virtuous. Some gain much by a reputation for
morality ; but definite, real piety, must not be
in that kingdom. The notion somehow has
become prevalent there, that genuine virtue is
incompatible with the most prominent positions
in civil society. In this factory, and its subs
through the kingdom, no efforts are made to
refine candidates for public office in the cruci-
THEIR IsATIVE COUNTRY. 71
ble of Christ's Gospel. Even if a candidate
has sometime passed through this ordeal, it
must not be known. If he has ever received
any Gospel light, he must not let it shine. He
must appear to be in the light, to be sure ; but
the light of the Sun of Kighteousness is too
clear for the comfort of those about him. If
this light clearly shines upon him, its reflection
from him will be too bright for the conscience-
eyes of his favorers : they will not be able to
endure it, and will turn away from him. The
mild tints of earth's twilight is all he must
venture to reflect. The sun must be out of sight.
And the sun not being seen, these persons
persuade each other that the light they have is
from the earth. Super-earthly, or super-natu-
ral light, they do not allow to direct them ;
but this natural light, or light of nature, with
what they can manufacture, they conclude is
amply sufficient for all their wants. With
this they can walk erect, and they believe, with-
out stumbling, in religion's garb ; and so have
a show of virtue in an attractive exterior. And
if they may do this, their object is gained.
Who ever thought of exhibiting shows, where
72 THE EMIGRANTS.
equipage and splendid scenery were to attract,
except by artificial light at night ? Even the
light of day is shut out of some of their
churches, to make deeper impressions upon as-
sembled worshipers by lamp-light. In the
course of moulding officers in this Factory, this
advantage of artificial, earthly light, over the
light of the sun, in making impressions so as
to gain admirers, is not forgotten. Too much
•and too bright light would expose to view some
evil deformities in the products of this Factory,
which all their drapery would not effectually
cover. They in fact "love darkness," or at
least shadows, " rather than light, because their
deeds are evil." No '' Sun of Kighteousness"
must give, at the best, any more than its dimly
reflected rays in that place : and then but few
will deem it advisable to allow that they are
anything more than flashing scintillations from
the earth. This earth they glorify ; and claim
to honor the best earth-born religion and vir-
tue. In this way they flatter earth-lovers ;
and these being the majority of the people,
they gain the end in getting their votes and
money.
41^
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 73
They learn in this Factory to turn modern
inventions to their account. Tliey have long
since gained the reputation of great skill in
operating behind a curtain, pulling and work-
ing numerous wires unsuspected by the multi-
tude abroadj so as to exhibit to all gazers any
picture they choose. In this way they often
excite the passions of the people, and make
impressions upon them greatly to their own
advantage. In short, the most skillful opera-
tors in wire-pulling are quite sure to accom-
plish any project they please, by thus enchant-
ing the people in their favor. The people rush
to help them.
The modern invention of telegraphing helps
them much in this process ; for they have con-
nectiDg wires with all parts of the kingdom, so
that they can turn up pictures to view every-
where, to suit their ends. The whe-working
age is not passed. In the king's court and the
legislative haUs, they make wise and blustering
speeches, with the flaming introduction that
they speak to inform and convince in legisla-
tive capacity, as in duty bound ; when in fact,
this is a part of their skillful Factory operation
74 THE EMIGKANTS.
to manufacture officers. Many of their speech-
es would never be delivered if it were not with
the view of getting office. Telegraph wires
are very convenient for carrying such speeches
where it is designed they shall make their chief
impression — to the multitudes all through the
land. Having drilled through the several pro-
cesses requisite in the Factory, if one has at-
tained skill as an operator, he has only to ex-
ercise this sldll a few times, when his fortune
will be made ; unless, in the final process,
where one cannot succeed alone, and where they
help each other by log-rolling, one turns traitor
and declares to his brother, on the eve of step-
ping to the pinnacle of fame in office ; ^' though
you have helped me, I will not help you.''
Now, strange as it may seem, the people pay
the operators richly by the day ; as though
they were at work for the people in the neces-
sary business of legislation and governmental
afi'airs. This latter is what many of the ope-
rators profess to be doing, though in fact they
are working for themselves, in manufacturing
offices and officers in a way to bring them fu-
ture rich annuities. Many of the people of
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 75
that country think that the officers of their
government are chosen from among themselves,
and are selected and raised to office for their
real merits ; when, in fact, they are made in
the Factory, and the people's votes simply
recognize and confirm them in their already
assumed official stations.
It is evident, from the descriptions given,
that a residence in Office-Hill Factory is not
safe : as surely so as that God is the Supreme
Kuler, and that he executes justice u23on all
those vi^ho persist in rebellion against his gov-
ernment. To become officers against him, as
these residents surely are, subjects them to the
more fearful danger, because of their promi-
nence and active influence. To occupy high
station, and in all the power of this high
station to be against God, is an aggravated
wrong. And He who cannot mistake, has said,
"" He that is not with me, is against me ; and
he that gathereth not with me, scattereth
abroad."
76 THE EMIGRANTS,
FALSE-HOPE MOUNTAINS.
Hope aspires to high, position. It rests on
prominent objects. If good, it may be happy
in the vale of content ; but if false, it will not
stay there. It climbs to a high place, where it
can peer the furthest possible.
False-Hope Mountains are near the sea, hav-
ing No-Faith and Wrecking Place within
their range ; and Mining Territory in their
rear. Those who reside in Mining Territory
are very apt to change residence for these
Mountains.
The residents are apparently a hardy, reso-
lute class. They are noted for telling what
they are going to do, but never muster courage
to begin : so they look for the end without
using the means. In fact, they could not do
what they talk of, if they tried.
Some of False-Hope Mountains are occupied
by Indians ; some, by Mohammedans ; and
others by classes of persons of various views in
religious affairs ; but all graduate their notions
of heaven according to the objects by them
most highly prized on earth. One, naturally
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 77
lazy, thinks Heaven's acme of bliss will con-
sist in its leisure. Another, enthusiastically-
fond of getting knowledge, estimates its chief
pleasure to consist in the continuous opening
of new ideas to the mind. And another, who
is fond of mixed society, and loves their sinful
pleasures, cannot think of parting with such
society in heaven. Their idea of heaven is,
that it embraces all varieties for its inhabi-
tants, good, bad, and indifi'erent ; all somehow
loving and being loved, despite of the diversity
of disposition and habits ; and, that these are
all free from what they denominate religious
restraint and singularity, for which they despise
the pious in this world.
" There is a better land," they claim. Very
few have an idea that their present homes are
the only ones they will ever enjoy. They have
heard of heaven, and have formed some ideas
about it as their future place. But as it is
thought to be hetter than their present homes,
their ideas about it assume their character from
the character of the objects which are now
most highly esteemed. The untutored Indian
of the American forests prizes most highly the
78 THE EMIGRANTS.
enjoyments connected with hunting and fish-
ing. So he forms his idea of heaven in ac-
cordance. He aspires to a heaven where game
will he plenty ; and where the silver-like lakes
and clear rivers will abound with fish. When
one dies, his friends bury by his side his bow
and arrows, with other equipage which they
deem will be used by him in his new home.
Such are the Indian's Elysian fields.
Mohammed and his early followers Kved in
a country where the passions of the people
were naturally, and by indulgence, very warm
and active ; hence indulgence of the bodily pas-
sions was esteemed the highest happiness. So
his heaven promised these indulgences in fullest
measure, and never to be cloyed. Many wives
were promised to the faithful in another world ;
and other esteemed pleasures in j^roportion.
From these illustrations it appears that the
inhabitants of these Mountains estimate heaven
by the nature of their own desires and hopes.
A consequence is, that they think to reach
heaven in a way correspondent to their desires.
Some imagine that when they die, their souls
will be introduced to another grade of living
THEIR NxVTIVE COUNTRY. 79
beings ; if virtuous in this life, to some higher
grade : and they think that then, after awhile,
they will pass from that grade of being ; and
so on till, by repeated transmigrations, they
shall ultimately reach heaven, that abiding
acme of blissful existence. Such is the false
hope of some of these people. They hope to
gain heaven by a process of purifying transmi-
gration, with no thanks to a Kedeemer of the
fallen human family.
Others talk much of the goodness of God ;
and hope this will abound to displace all claims
of justice and judgment in the case of sinning
men. They know that with their present dis-
positions and indulged passions they are not
capable of enjoying heaven ; but then they
hope God's goodness will be exercised somehow
to transform them into fit subjects for heaven,
irrespective of any efforts on their part. So
they settle upon the Epicure's motto,
" Live while you live,
Enjoy the pleasures of the present day."
They reject the poet's true declaration,
" Life is the time to serve the Lord,
The time to insure the great reward."
80 THE EMIGRANTS.
They indulge the false hope that by living
here with desireSj passions, and acts, the very
reverse of what will ever be found in heaven,
they will draw the sympathy and roused com-
passion of God's goodness to overcome every
opposing claim, and to introduce them, when
they die, into a neio way of enjoyment. The
dwellers on these Mountains have a hope of
heaven, but it is as false as the Devil's promise
to Eve. By that promise her hope of increased
good was excited. As surely as her yielding to
the false inducements of the Tempter involved
the human family in the after woes of this
world, so surely will the false hopes, above de-
scribed, involve those who continue to indulge
them, in woes felt in a condition which is the
very contrast of heaven. 0 how False-Hope
draws on its victims to leap the Land's-end
precipice of their earthly homes, into the fiery
billows of hell ! And Oh ! how great a mul-
titude are on these False-Hope Mountains !
Most strangely, each consoles himself the more
as to his hopes, because of the many accom-
panying. Surely, he thinks, I shall stand as
good a chance as the rest ; and how can I be
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 81
SO singular, and why slionld I now be so scared,
as to break away from this joyous company ?
Why should I indulge a child-like fear of un-
seen evils ? Thus it is difficult to rouse these
people to consciousness of their real danger.
philosopher's valley.
This runs through the whole length of the
country. It has been inhabited ever since Eve
" saw that the [forbidden] tree was a tree to
be desired to make one wise." Wisdom is an
object of aspiration with the peo2:)le. For this
they search into everything which they see or
hear. They examine all with a philosophizing
care. Eeligion they examine in this way,
with little regard to its practical requisitions
upon them.
Sin is charged upon them by the Bible and
God's faithful ministers, till they are pricked
in their hearts, and begin to inquire, " Men
and brethren, what shall we do ? " Then at
once they pause to look into this business a
little more keenly. They inquire. What is
this law, of which sin is the transgression ? Is
it the eternal fitness of things ? Is it an es-
S2 TnE EMIGRANTS.
sential colierence in the relations of livins:
beings ? Such, that when mankind were cre-
ated, this law spontaneously exhibited itself?
Or is it an arbitrary requirement of the Crea-
tor, to suit his fancy, or to assert his authority ?
Let us look into this matter, and understand
all about law and sin, before we allow ourselves
to have any disturbed feelings about our viola-
tion of the law. And then the representation
that one sin, quickly committed, exposes to
endless punishment, appears to us unreasona-
ble. We must have this explained to our sat-
isfaction ; and all these points which may be
questioned, satisfactorily settled, before we yield
to have any great concern about our guilt and
danger. We must have what we call a rational
religion, or none.
And you tell us we ought to repent. Now
what is that? Is it an impression received
while listening to an excited preacher, sympa-
thetic in its nature ; an influence from the
preacher by means of some subtle agency like
electricity, similar to that by which the clair-
voyant professes to give and receive impres-
sions ? Are the fountains of tears reached by
THEIR NATIVE COUNTRY. 83
the truth thrust forward hy the living and ex-
cited preacher, through this subtle, electric-
like medium ? Strange compound this human
nature is. We'll study it more, and doubtless
we shall search out the way understandingly
to the soid's highest delight.
And as to faith, they say they have heard a
great many attempt to explain and enforce it,
and they have read a great deal about it ; but
after all, they do not understand it. This en-
tering into a state of salvation by the door of
faith, say they, is like entering the door of a
secret society before being made acquainted
with the ceremonies required in ]iassing. We
shall not be satisfied to discern what is required
as we progress. We take nothing upon trust.
We will understand what we are about. Tell
us lioiu saving faith is exercised, and we will
consider it, and decide whether that is a philo-
sophical way of getting religion.
They have similar sage notions in regard to
salvation, or the state of converted souls in tliis
world and the next. They indulge many sj)ec-
ulations about it, but do not get wise enough
to press after this salvation.
84 THE EMIGRANTS.
0 how glad were those whom I metj who emi-
grated from this Yalley. They had broken off
at once from their speculations, and started to
get out of that place. They trusted God for
direction and help, and ventured away. They
learned that action is better than the vain
philosophy of this Valley.
All these varying classes of persons, thus far
described, entertain, after having emigrated,
exceedingly dismal views in regard to the gov-
ernment and prospects of their native land.
They agree in representing the government to
be an iron despotism, having as its main char-
acteristic, that of being conducted in hostility
to God's government. With this end in view,
its laws are framed. In many parts it keeps
up a show of wealth and happiness ; but the
customs tend to poverty and misery ; and, un-
restrained by any influences from that better
country, whither many have emigrated, the
people would inevitably fall soon into the worst
THEIK NATIVE COUNTKY. 85
of siifFerings. Habits of idleness and dissipa-
tion lead to tlie want of the common necessa-
ries of life. The largest estates, and most
splendidly appearing homes, are soon squan-
dered, by yielding to these habits. A spirit of
selfishness, possessing every inhabitant, leads
to a constant disregard of others' rights ; and
to a consequent distrust of each other. There
is no feeling of safety, at any time, from the
encroachments of neighbors. With them, might
makes right. Frequent ebulhtions of anger
and revenge are seen. They have no love for
each other when it interferes with self-interest.
Thu3 even the love of kindred — the nearest'
family tie, is liable at any time to be sundered.
Uncertainty in regard to success in any jjur-
suit, and insecurity in any possessions, are
marked circumstances of these people. These
and many other similar elements of evil are
doing their work among the people ; and show
that the kingdom must ultimately be ruined by
them. The prospects of those who persist to
remain in that country, are gloomy in the ex-
treme. The Supreme Ruler of the universe
has said : " Because I have called and ye re-
86 THE EMIGRANTS.
fuse 1 ; I have stretched out my hand and no
man regarded ; Ijnt ye have set at naught all
my counselj and would none of my reproof;
I also will laugh at your calamity ; I will mock
when your fear cometh. When your fear
Cometh as desolation, and your destruction
cometh as a wliirlwind ; when distress and
anguish cometh upon you ; then shall they
call upon me, but I will not answer ; they
shall seek me early, but they shall not find me :
for that they hated knowledge, and did not
choose the fear of the Lord : they would none
of my counsel ; they despised all my reproof :
therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their
own way, and be filled with their own de-
vices."
Truly, Bildad of old was warranted in his
description of what shall befall him who will
not leave that wicked rule, — " His confidence
shall be rooted out of his tabernacle ; and it *
shall bring him to the king of terrors. It shall
dwell in his tabernacle, because it is none of
his : brimstone shall be scattered upon his hab-
itation. His roots shall be dried up beneath,
and above shall his branch be cut off. His re-
THEIR NATIVE COUNTBY. 87
membrance shall perish from the earth, and he
shall have no name in the street. He shall be
driven from Kght into darkness, and chased out
of the world."
^3t
CHAPTER II.
%\t € m i g r a t i 0 11
In a well-builtj plain building, a company
of emigrants were enjoying a social interview ;
relating to each other various circumstances of
their past lives, and contrasting with them
their present enjoyments and future prospects
in their newly adopted country. The substance
of their conversation may be summed up in the
following particulars :
1. How they felt, at first, in prospect of em-
igrating.
Several agreed in saymg : We were startled
at the idea of leaving the place of our birth,
and going so far away. Our home had a charm
over our feelings — it was trying for us to think
of breaking away from it forever. If it had
been only for a time, — to gratify curiosity, or
to make trial whether some other situation
THE EMIGRATION. 89
would suit US better, tlie idea would not have
startled us so much. But the suggestion was
to break up old and loved associations, and
adopt new ones as in perpetual exile. That
was looked upon as a great undertaking. It
was to change the whole course and prospects
of life. It was far different from an exchange
of a little property, or a turning from one class
of business to another, while still remaining
under the same laws, and in general, with the
same circumstances. If emigration were once
undertaken, to return would be at a great sac-
rifice, perhaps would result in our ruin. If
this subject, then, were thought of at all, the
thoughts were, in importance, of no common
magnitude.
While these thoughts were revolving, and
the attention of course easily arrested by
suggestions kindred to them, representations
were given us of that better country : of its
position, laws, the administration of its gov-
ernment, the happiness of its j)eople, their
safety, and sure prospects ; all of which excited
a lively consciousness of the misery of our own
country, in all these respects. We could no
90 THE EMIGRANTS.
longer enjoy life there. The idea of a better
situation had rendered ours insupportable. And
we really believe we did not conceive our situa-
tion to be any worse than it was. We became
alarmed for safety. We hardly dared to sleep
nights. We saw our danger of continuous and
increasing misery. The course of the govern-
ment was to increase and perpetuate this mis-
ery among its subjects. There was no hope
but in flight. And still we clung to our native
soil, every day feeling more and more guilty
for doing so. Our uneasiness led us to inquire
more and more about that better land. We
made bold to ask questions in regard to it ; put
ourselves in the way of hearing what we could
to enlighten us ; tried to ascertain by what
means we could get to it ; and were, in fact,
though secretly, earnest inquirers in regard to
everything which had a bearing upon the en-
grossing subject of our thoughts. And while
such thoughts were in process, it was misery
to remain under the rule of the despot. Their
conversation embraced,
2. The difficulty of deciding to start.
After all our anxieties to go, said they, to
THE EMIGRATION. 91
decide to start was exceedingly difficult. We
thought we should sometime remove. So far,
our minds we believed to be settled. But
there was not a good time yet. Besides, we
were not ready. We did not see clearly how
to begin to get ready. We had not yet learned
that to start was itself all the getting ready
which would avail anything. We often fixed
on future dates when we would be ready and
move off : but as often as we came to those
periods we found the ever-recurring unreadi-
ness, and the shrinking from the real decision.
So we delayed a long time, often tliinking of
the subject, and never feeling satisfied. We
have often since thought that a person who is
always hesitating what would be best for him
to do ; and when he does undertake anything,
never strikes into it boldly, with the feeling
that he is doing the right and the best thing,
but rather goes at it with a faint heart, fearing
he shall fail ; one who thus spends much of his
time in accomplishing nothing, because of the
fear he shall not accomplish the best thing, or
the best thing in the best way ; we have
often thought that person must pass an uncom-
92 THE EMIGRANTS.
fortable life. And this was the real case
with us.
Often this hesitant, faltering course, was
found to be a habit so strong as to affect the
movements in the simplest business transaction.
The walk of many was a timid, hesitating mo-
tion. It was a wonder of grace that after all
this we did succeed in deciding to start for the
better country without further delay.
3. They talked of the discouraging ]Joverty,
and other like circumstances ^ when starting.
The one who had been speaker for the rest
in the preceding narrations, here became more
eager in his story ; and with a sternness knit
1^ upon his brow, as if the index of the strong
resolution the circumstances he narrated had
wrought up, he continued : We had been ac-
counted wealthy ; but all that wealth, we
learned, would be uncurrent on the passage —
would not pay the fare. At this representa-
tion, we were startled. Our valued possessions
were to be left behind. Love for these led us
to look again at the inducements to stay.
Some of us were on the point of concluding to
be contented where we were. But the very
THE EMIGRATION. 93
fact just discovered, that our wealth was good
for nothing anywhere else, led us to feel more
dissatisfied with our country. What was all
that we had good for, if it would keep us in
such misery, and do nothing more ? We felt
dissatisfied with it as "vanity of vanities."
We could no longer feel rich there, with all our
gains. We felt poor enough. What wretched
material for a rational being is all the tinsel
stuff of that land ! It is like husks for swine.
But what could we do for means to emigrate,
was now the question. We earnestly inquired,
" What must we do to be saved ?"
As for staying there, it was now out of the
question. We were heartily sick of home ;
and thought, to perish on the way, would be
preferable to staying. We could but perish if
we started ; and to stay, was a living torment.
Any how, thought we, we will venture to start.
Who knows but that Being who rules over all,
will open some way by his jorovidence, now un-
seen by us, through which we may get fonvard
in safety ! And, thank God, we did start.
That starting in that good earnest, was one of
f^
94 THE EMIGRANTS.
the most important acts of our lives. It turned
the scale in our destiny.
4. They sioohe of the successful journey.
Our decision to undertake the journey at all
hazards, was no sooner made, than we called to
mind what we had often heard, but never be-
fore appreciated nor heeded, that possessions
were promised to emigrants "without money
and without price ; " and that all required, ne-
cessary to a passage, was to place ourselves
confidingly and entirely under the directions to
emigrants, given from that better land ; and
thus to exercise confidence in the Lord of that
country. We were only to go on, helieving in
him with all the heart, and be saved from the
miseries we felt and dreaded. — Acts 16 : 31.
It then seemed strange to us that we had felt
so rich, so strong, in the idea of not being
beholden to anybody ; strange that the rumors
we had often heard about these privileges to
emigrants, had not made sufficient impression
on our minds to enable us to recollect them
sooner in time of need. 0 the blind, infatua-
ting self-conceit and phantom possessions of
that people ! They are deaf to good news,
THE EMIGRATION. 95
blind to good instructions ; their memory has
very little power to retain anything good.
What a wonder that we were not drawn on to
entire callousness of all our faculties^ so as to
be incapable of enjoying good.
When we started, "poor, and blind, and
naked," we were surprised to find the distance
we had to go so short. — Eom. 10 : 6-10. It had
seemed to us that we should have a long, tedious
journey to make. It had seemed much lilvc sca-
ling the heavens : almost an impossibility to ac-
complish. In view of this, we had well nigh mur-
mured at our Creator for giving us existence
where such imjiossibilities, or almost impossi-
bilities, were required, in order to our happiness.
His requirements had appeared grievous. We
are now satisfied that those impressions of dis-
tance and of difficulty of the way, were from the
impaired state of our own vision : another effect
of that dreadful climate.
Our eyes now began to be opened, and ^'we
could see men, as trees, walldng'' on the other
side. We were quickly over. Now we saw that
great distance is not necessary to great contrast.
The distance between the rich man in hell, and
96 THE EMIGRANTS.
Abraham, with Lazarus in his bosom, was not so
great but that they could converse together ; yet
the contrast in their situations was very great.
There was a similar contrast in our situation,
to that which we had just left. Yet how
quickly we passed from one to the other ! How
strange that we delayed the venture so long !
Glory to God ! how happy, how light in the
relief, and in the hopes ! The half was never
told us. 0 that our friends knew all this.
5. The encouraging mtroductio7i to the neiu
home, was another subject of interest ivith
them.
They continued : And we are now realizing
what was then spread out in prospect before us ;
only in far richer measure than we could then
see. We were most cordially welcomed. The
first sight of us seemed to gladden the hearts
of all on shore. They certainly raised a shout
of joy, and we believe our presence was what
mainly excited the shout. We sung together,
and were surprised that we could sing in such
pleasing harmony with them. We could never
before make such melody. And such counte-
nances we had not anticipated. There was a
THE EMIGRATION. 97
peculiar expression. We tliought it angelic.
We had. known some of the persons in onr
father-land ; but they bore very different ex-
pressions then. And there was now no longer
a cold reserve, and suspicious glances ; but a
confiding air, and a heartiness of greeting, so
as to make one's heart glad. We did not feel
at all uneasy in their presence, though some of
them were the noted magnates of the land.
Well, our introduction was all that could be
desired. And we immediately found employ-
ment. We found the people characteristically
busy ; and they took it for granted that we
wanted something to do. It w^as one expression
of their welcome to set us immediately at work.
To this we felt no objection, and at once were
contented with our lot and choice. Immediate
wants were well supplied before we had time
to feel the pressure of need. We felt at
home.
And now, sir, was not that a glorious intro-
duction to this country? Can you wonder
that we have become strongly attached to the
people, and that we are willing to stay, never
even visiting our father-land ? We feel now
98 THE EMIGRANTS.
that this is our country. We are adopted, real
citizens, having all the privileges as though
native-born. We could never have anticipated
such a beginning as we have had. We are
never weary in telling of those halcyon enjoy-
ments of our first introduction here. Our joy-
ful emotions are at once aroused whenever we
think of them.
CHAPTER III,
t ^&0ptBi) €nntxu.
ASSOCIATIONS AND CUSTOMS FOUND.
The preceding representations of the " old
country," and of the journey to the emigrants'
"better land/' I gathered mainly from emi-
grants : but as a passing friend, I saw for my-
self their associations and customs in their
new home. I found,
ENERAL CHAR
AND ITS ACCOMPANYING THRIFT.
The people rise in the morning from their
slumbers as early as they find themselves re-
freshed ; not dozing away their best hours, to
rise late, with enervated systems and impaired
consciences, yet too hurried and disturbed for
retirement in the closet for refreshment from
18445B
100 THE EMIGRANTS.
the presence of the Lord, hefore entering upon
the duties of the day. They get this refresh-
ment,— " day by day their daily bread,'' of the
same superior sort as angels enjoy. They then
go out with countenances such that beholders
recognize they have been exhilarated by heav-
en's nectar — by something more than earth's
products. They are thus able to apply them-
selves to their varied avocations with a cheerful-
ness and composure which insure success.
Work is performed as a way of pleasure, not
as a drudging task. Acknowledging God and
praying to him, difficulties are encountered and
overcome, temptations and all evil encroach-
ments are resisted, all with an ease and satis-
faction truly surprising to a beholder. God is
with them of a truth.
With such preparations and helps, each goes
to his appropriate employment. Ministers of
Christ, with apphed minds in careful and un-
tiring research, draw out of God's treasures of
Revelation, works, providence, "things new
and old," to instruct and cheer on the people.
They mingle with the people at their homes,
and so personally, as well as in congregations,
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 101
teach the people. They find enough to do.
Teachers of youth exercise their best inge-
nuity and patience to adapt their instructions
and ilhistrations to the capacities of those
taught — study human nature in order to this ;
and endeavor to do their whole duty, to im-
press and direct rightly all the powers of the
young immortals. Officers of civil government
and of ChurcheSj regard their offices neither as
sinecures nor tasks, but understand well the
obligations upon them, and are careful that the
people who have entrusted them with the honor
and responsibility, shall suffer no harm from
their neglect. Architects may be seen in all
their varieties, developing the powers of nature
in numerous forms, for the benefit of society,
and at the same time in a way to show the
goodness and wisdom of God. And all labor-
ers labor as rational beings ; not merely as an
ox or horse would obey the bidding of their
drivers ; having no rational thoughts, no moral
reflections, no recognition of Grod. Parents
impress their children, by precept and example,
with the idea that their stay in the country is
for the purpose of accomplishing as much as
102 THE EMIGRANTS.
possible for the general good : all in accordance
with the honor of their Sovereign Kuler. They
" live unto the Lord." All seem inspired with
a patriotic spirit, the opposite of selfishness.
They seem to take it for granted that no lazy
intruder will be allowed to stay, — that he must
wor.: or leave. I believe it is in view of this
impression, so exemplified by these people, that
some have gained the idea that a lazy Christian
is an impossibility, a contradiction in terms.
Some of them formally adopt the rule : " be
diligent, never be unemployed, never trifle away
time." They have all imbibed the spirit of
the apostle's charge : " not slothful in business,
fervent in spirit, serving the Lord."
Now I ask all who have been acquainted
with these people, if this industrial spirit is not
a characteristic belonging to them. It is al-
lowed this is not a general characteristic of hu-
man beings. It is said, a distinguished traveller,
who had studied human nature in nearly every
country in the world, was asked if he found
any one thing as a general characteristic of
mankind ? He replied, ^' Me tink all men love
lazy." This may be so ; but we claim that
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 103
these emigrants have overcome this natural in-
clination, so far that though they may some-
times show that they had once been thus
inclinedj they now, in their new home, do not
indulge it ; for if they allow themselves to re-
lapse into such inclination so far as to at all
indulge it, they at once begin to dislike the
busy society around them, and soon retreat back
to their father-land.
Livers upon this soil are industrious. And
they thrive. They may be seen in direct con-
trast to what Solomon describes — Prov. 24 :
30-34—'^ I went by the field of the slothful,
and by the vineyard of the man void of under-
standing ; and lo ! it was all grown over with
thorns, and nettles had covered the face thereof,
and the stone wall thereof was broken down.
Then I saw and considered it well ; I looked
upon it and received instruction. Yet a little
sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the
hands to sleep : so shall thy poverty come as
one that travelleth, and thy want as an armed
man."
In saying so much for these people, it is not
pretended that none of them had cultivated
104 THE EMIGRANTS.
industrious habits for gain in their former
homes ; but certainly, taken as a community,
they never exhibited industry and thrift as a
general characteristic, until in this country.
Of this we have various assurances. And we
need not wonder at their present course, in
contrast with the past. They have now suffi-
ciently noble motives to induce industry. They
" live unto the Lord/' They are " laying up
treasures in heaven." And while doing this,
God feeds them well. This is what we see.
Not that they labor for this good living. This
is "added" to those who " seek first the king-
dom of God." And who is ever industrious
without some j^owerful motive to draw him on %
These have inducements to industry, powerful
enough to rouse all into action.
I found,
CONTENTMENT.
This is a general accompaniment of indus-
try. Where is it found without ? Time al-
ways hangs heavily with those who have nothing
to do.
It is not pretended that none of these peo-
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 105
pie seek changes ; that none ever go back and
declare themselves dissatisfied ; that none in-
dulge thoughts of moving, to better their con-
dition. Butj as a general rule, there is con-
tentment ; though there are some exceptions
to this rule. No one in the midst of the coun-
try ever says, " I am dissatisfied and will go
back." If any return, they gradually slink
away along the border, and are missing. They
sometimes make ado of dissatisfaction after-
ward ; but never within the territory.
Contentment, however, is the rule so gener-
ally prevalent as to be a striking characteristic
among the inhabitants ; especially considering
the emphatic uneasiness and discontent of hu-
man beings everywhere else in the world. In
this country "the aching void" of the human
heart is filled. " Godliness with contentment
is great gain." One said, " I have learned in
whatsoever state I am, therewith to be con-
tent." Of course these people enjoy life. They
are content with their form of government ;
with their rulers, with their places of abode,
and form of employment ; and are only con-
cerned to make the best of their circumstances,
106 THE EMIGRANTS.
SO as to continue worthy subjects of tlie gov-
ernment, and to enjoy the future emoluments
which they have in prospect. Their contented
feeling is always inseparably connected with a
strong confidence in their Euler, and in the
goodness of his administration. They cast all
their care on him, assured that he cares for them.
In all just now said about industry and con-
tentment, it is not intended to be represented
that all are rich. Kiches and contentment are
by no means sure to be found together. These
do not confine their ambition to this world's
goods : and, being in the world, they sufier in
common with all others, from sickness, and
various unforeseen obstacles to gain. But if
poor, they yet show thankfulness for what they
have, and make the best of it. If their chil-
dren are not dressed in rich apparel, but with
patched garments, yet they are whole and clean,
and the children are happy.
These same poor families were in squalid
wretchedness before emigrating. They now
show thrift, though they are the Lord's poor.
If these poor people were always seen to get
rich soon after emigrating, miserly spirits would
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 107
seek to emigrate for the sake of this wealth to
be gained : when they would be sure to find it
said to them, " thy money perish with thee/'
The motive of earthly gain cannot be a promi-
nent one in this country ; though in fact the
people suffer no loss in this respect. Having
higher, nobler motives of life, and still receiving
what is needful of earthly supplies, they can
be contented with their choice of home. They
do not live in vain ; a thing which a rational
soul cannot be contented to endure.
I found,
UNITY : NOT UNIFORMITY.
This appeared, 1. In the face of the coun-
try— the exhibitions of nature.
The goodness of the land for tillage, scenery,
and health, is promoted by its unevenness and
varieties of soil. There are mountains, with
their springs, whence flow the rivulets, com-
bining into mighty rivers. The rivers often
overflow, enriching the valleys. The moun-
tains and hills, with intervening valleys, pro-
mote changes in the temperature of the air,
and consequent winds, ever shifting in direction
108 THE EMIGRANTS.
and force. The productions are various, cor-
responding with the varieties of climate and
soil. They are not all of one kind ; nor do
the same kinds always grow in the same form.
The apples on one tree are not alike — scarcely
any two of them ; yet of one kind. They vary
in shape, size, color, perfection, or something ;
yet are none the worse to unite to one good
use. So with all products.
The several benefits intimated would not be
found with a uniformity over the country in
level surface, and in elements of soil — with
uniformity throughout. And with such uni-
formity the eye would tire, satisfaction would
soon end, and all would soon appear as one
great Sahara.
The skillful gardener understands this vari-
ety as connected with unity of impression and
end. He does not lay out the walks and plant
the trees all in straight lines, nor in any other
uniform relations ; nor does he seek a dead
level for his plot. He mingles the straight,
curved, angular, undulating, &c. He imi-
tates nature, and beholders pronounce it beau-
tiful.
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 109
Look at a single tree of the land, and it af-
fords an illustration of the general state of
tilings. The branches vary in shape, size, hue,
direction : the leaves may exhibit similarity in
their serrated edges, so that the botanist could
distinguish the genus of the tree, but these leaves
are not uniformly alike. Sometimes the tem-
pest blows, and these branches and leaves lash
against each other ; and to one sitting among
the branches, not looking abroad, it might seem
that they were in conflict with each other,
spending all their strength to bruise each other.
But yet they are one tree, adhering to the same
root. The roots strike deeper because of the
wind's force ; the bending branches are alike
benefited. The tree is one ; one good is se-
cured ; but it does not show uniformity in its
parts. It is a picture of what is called the
visible Church of Grod in this country. It is
one Church, but has many branches. And
these branches are not uniform in their appear-
ance. And at times they may seem to be lash-
ing and bruising each other, like the branches
of the tree in the storm ; but it is only in ap-
pearance. They are not opposed to each
110 THE EMIGRANTS.
other ; tliey adhere to one root. Said Christ,
" I am the vine, ye are the branches.'' The
branches are not uniform in appearance, but
they constitute one tree.
Another instance in nature, of this unity but
not uniformity, is seen in the prismatic colors.
When these are separated by means of the
prismatic lens, not one of them — not even the
violet, not the blue, and not even the red — can
give light when separated, each one apart from
t'je rest, yet when all are blended together,
they give out colorless light. And these rays
of the sun's light never quarrel with each other :
nor do they separate themselves, nor one another,
from the sun. Never is there a dream of such
a thing as the violet rays of the sun being
against the orange, nor of the red rays saying
to the green, because you are not scarlet, you
do not belong to the sun. So all the distinct
denominations of the Church, blended together
in like manner, become fused in love, and pour
forth a broad sheet of heavenly light. For,
indeed, there is more than one kind of real
light. In this country it is very different from
THE ADOPTED COUi^TRY. Ill
the artificial and reflected light, mere moon-
shine, of the old country.
Throughout the natural world, this same
unity, versus uniformity, may be seen. Two
animals of the same species are seldom exactly
alike, yet are one species. Human physiogno-
my is not alike ; yet with all this variety there
is one human family.
Minds are not constituted alike. And this
is another circumstance in nature where there
is one whole, but variety in the parts of that
whole. The one whole here consists in the con-
centrating tendency of all these varieties of
mind to one centre. There is one central mind ;
and to all these varieties of mind it is said,
" Let this mind be in you which was in Christ."
In accordance with this, families are seen, with
each person differing from the other in opinions
upon almost every subject of every-day life.
No two of them think alike upon every sub-
ject. And one subject, presented in a news-
paper, often leads them to different processes
of thought and opinions. For instance, readers
can conceive how it might be with a family who
read for the first time an account of the sew-
112 THE EMIGRANTS.
ing macliine : One, wlio is a merchant-tailor,
thinks at once of its influence upon his trade —
its cheaj^ening the expense of making garments,
and how he can better compete with single
laborers, and so enlarge his business. He is
glad of the invention. His sister, who has had
her sympathies aroused in behalf of poor seam-
stresses, and is naturally sympathetic, has fears
at once for that class of operatives, lest they
shall be more oppressed. She scans the pros-
pect of the goodness of the work done by the
machine with prejudice against it, and passes
judgment of its inferiority. Another son, who
always counts closely the cost, thinks how
much cheaper he can get a coat, and approves
at once. And so other members of the family
make their different remarks, as their thoughts
and opinions severally vary. Yet they are all one
family, notwithstanding this variety : they love
each other none the less for their various
opinions ; in more essential points they are
agreed.
Now if there are no cases among this people
where just these expressions are used, there are
those where equal differences of opinion are
• THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 113
manifested. And in like manner I found
througliout the natural productions of this
country, unity as a whole in every department
of nature ; but not uniformity between the
several parts. And I enjoyed right well the
whole scenery : a view of the distant plain,
the serrating valleys, the flowing rivers and the
gathering rivulets, the mountain forests and
shrubs of the plain. The shifting breezes
added to my delight. The living creatures all
around afforded a similarly j^l^asing view.
There was no sameness here to tire.
I found no difficulty in distinguishing the
domestic animals which my friend had before
named as his own, from others of the same
kind belonging to his neighbor. They did not
look alike. And that neighbor I knew the
second time I saw him, for there was no other
person of my acquaintance who looked exactly
like him. And the people never abused each
other, because they did not look just alike.
They never suspected from this that they were
not good neighbors, nor failed to have a com-
mon interest in each other's success. I en-
joyed well, too, the intercourse with persons of
114 THE EMIGRANTS.
SO variously constituted minds. Though I
heard from these the same stories and opinions
expressed a great many times^ their way of ex-
pressing their ideas was so varied that the sub-
ject always seemed new. I knew it was the
same subject, but the variety of views in which
it was exhibited, led me often to exclaim, uni-
formity is not essential to oneness. " There
are differences of administration, but the same
Lord."
This appeared, 2. In the operations of Prov-
idence, and in God's gracious influences ujoon
the people.
In the providences of the Lord manifested
in all parts of the land, variety is found. To
bless the people with a fruitful season, and ex-
cite their gratitude and zeal for him, he con-
stantly varies the seasons. No one knows what
day in the year there will be rain, and when
sun-shine. A time of extreme drouth serves
its good purpose, and then the soaking rains ;
but their times and order of coming, constantly
vary. Individuals are brought to feel their de-
pendence on their God more fully, in ever-
varying ways. For a time a person prospers
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 115
in everything lie undertakes. This excites his
pious gratitude. He sees the hand that
blesses, and consecrates his all to the service
of his Maker. But soon the providence is
changedj and, by adversity, — disappointment
in his pursuits, a blast upon his harvests, the
failure of his friends to meet their ens^asrements
with him, when they could not because of death
or sickness, sickness in his OAvn family, a clus-
ter of e\ils, as though God had turned against
him : by these means another class of pious
graces are brought into exercise, and gain
strength. He now not merely adores and con-
fides, as in prosperity, but meekly submits, is
resigned, acknowledges God's right to all, and
blesses his name. In both these ways God
builds him up in holiness and virtue. Job was
once benefited in this way ; so that the patience
of Joh has become proverbial. Many in this
country are similarly dealt with, and thus made
to prosper. No one set of providential dealings
ever perfects the work in them. The 23rovi-
dences of God are diversified in multitudinous
ways all through the country ; all for the good
of the people. This appeared to me a glorious
116 THE EMIGEANTS.
manifestation of the unbounded ability of the
Dispenser of events, and of his wisdom and
goodness. These same attributes which once
hindered the men of Sodom from injuring Lot,
by striking them with bhndness ; Avhich hin-
dered Pharaoh from enslaving the Israelites,
by drowning him in the Ked Sea ; which hin-
dered Balaam from cursing Israel, by putting
a bridle in his mouth ; which hindered Jero-
boam from hurting the prophet who came out
of Judah, by drying up his royal hand, when
he stretched it forth, saying, " Lay hold on
him ; " w^hich hindered Herod from destroying
the child Jesus, by warning Joseph to flee into
Egypt, &c., &c. — that same Being now varies
his providences in power, and wisdom, and
goodness, for the great good of this people.
His watchful eye is constantly upon them, and
his dispensing care is constantly in exercise.
God's gracious influences upon the people
are in like manner varied. Elijah of old was
told to "go forth, and stand upon the Mount
before the Lord. And, behold, the Lord passed
by, and a great and strong wind rent the moun-
tains, and brake in pieces the rocks, before the
?.?
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 117
Lord ; but the Lord was not in the wind : and
after the wind an earthquake ; but the Lord
was not in the earthquake : and after the
earthquake a fire ; but the Lord was not in the
fire ; and after the fire a still small voice."
Now these are expressive of what transpires
when the Lord passes by and operates in this
country. Sometimes he reaches the ears of in-
dividuals by a still small voice ; he soothes
their sorrows, calms their fears, and encourages
their hope and confidence : they are melted
into tears by the tender regard shown, and the
attractions of the heart toward God are greatly
increased.
Again, the wind, or earthquake, or fire ap-
pear : impulses ujDon the soul by God's Spirit,
like heavenly breezes, excite joy and laughter.
In view of the earth-shaking and heavens-
rending power of God, his foes are alarmed,
but his people ar© secure ; and feeling the pu-
rifying of his " fire,'' they are sometimes wrought
up to exclamations of. Amen ! Praise the
Lo d ! Glory to God ! And again, these
same influences excite to milder expressions of
118 THE EMIGRANTS.
feeliDg. Their effect is developed in the coun-
tenance, and a gentle, loving demeanor.
God's gracious influences sometimes move
upon minds invitingly, then with alarm ; now
he assuages grief, then, he excites it ; now
he impresses with religious gains yet to be at-
tained, then rouses to press after these gains
by pointing to past neglect — compunction is
excited ; now he seems to love, then to with-
draw his attentions ; and the channels of his
grace are as varied as his numerous providences,
as his untold numbers of human agents, sent
to bless, and as their ever-changing styles of
acting upon fellow minds.
God's gracious influences are far from being
uniformly alike in their forms of operating upon
human beings ; but the whole multitude of
gracious dealings centre together — they har-
monize in unity of efiect, promoting the same
good.
This appeared, 3. In the abilities of the peo-
ple for usefulness.
The youth were not of course able to exer-
cise as much wisdom as those older and more
matured ; but they were peculiarly zealous in
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 119
every good work, exercised much vigor of body
and mind, and were often able to bring those
of the same age into their views and practices,
when older persons would have failed — would
not have been received in their efforts.
Some had stronger minds than others ; hence
judged more wisely in directing their efforts.
But the feeble minded, imbued with the gen-
eral spirit of the people, exerted an influence
upon some minds around them by their very
simplicity, which the strong minded could not
do. Strong minds were often led to appreciate
and obtain their best good, by the encourage-
ments these afforded. Arguments they were
accustomed to resist, and headstrong, they
were squandering their substance, and tending
toward destruction of soul ; but the examples
of these feeble minded ones took them upon an
unguarded side, and they yielded.
Many err in judgment, and yet are good, and
do good. But if all these people should err
greatly in judgment of right and propriety,
they would mutually harm each other by their
mistakes ; and this their Aveakness being known,
few would be persuaded to emigrate to join
120 THE EMIGRANTS.
their society. But tlieir mistakes in this re-
spect occasionally, show the ignorant and fear-
ing, that their own imbecilities are no bar to
their enjoying the real benefits of this country.
Some are eloquent in speech. And this is
their chief talent by which they can benefit
their fellow countrymen. They show no special
talent in any other way ; but they can talk so
as to convince and move.
Others are slow in speech ; they have not
quick perceptions to catch illustrations, or em-
j)loy figures of speech ; but they can discern
the connections and bearings of things, and
can argue powerfully. They are strong reason-
ers. They take hold on philosophical minds,
and bear them away to their own conclusions ;
whilst minds constituted to be impressed by
beauties, and moved by sympathies, would feel
but little force from their arguments.
Add to these variations in the abilities of the
people to promote the general good of the
country, and thereby to attract foreigners to it,
the numerous examples of these people in their
various occupations, and it will be seen that
they all help to promote good, but by no means
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 121
in a uniform way. There is unity, but not
uniformity. It is proved by tliem that resi-
dents in this land can follow all the associa-
tions of life needful for the well-being of per-
sons in this world, and prosper well in this
country. How differently would this country
be esteemed, if all were compelled to work at
one trade, in one way !
Of this people Dr. Mason has said : '^ The
spiritual disciples of the Son of God, amid all
the varieties of physical frame, complexion and
temperament, however diverse may have been
their outward temperaments, and their early
training, however opposed to each other may be
their mental habits, yet in the controlling
moral attributes of character they are alike —
subjects of the same experience, produced by a
reception of the same cardinal truths, hving
under the same spiritual influences, governed
by the same laws, and cherishing the same im-
mortal hopes — they are all "one in Christ
Jesus."
This appeared, 4. In the various Church or-
ganizations.
The militant Church in this country has
10
122 THE EMIGRANTS.
perhaps twenty or more commiinions. And
each of these may say of the other, " They
have all received the Holy Ghost as well as we."
However diversified their denominational gath-
erings and doings may appear, they all concen-
trate and meet at the Cross of Christ — around
the throne of grace. They all look forward t(?
an appointed meeting in heaven, whera they
are to unite in one shout of praise " to Him
who has redeemed them."
The lack of uniformity need not be now
noted in all of these organizations. An idea
of their unity, notwithstanding this lack, will
be sufficiently presented by dwelling upon the
peculiarities of three or four of them. In
speaking of these, let it be remembered that
"they are not all Israel who are of Israel.""
Some persons may bear the name of Methodists,
Baptists, &c., yet, not even be inhabitants of
this Emigrant's home. Still, residents here do
bear these and other distinguishing names.
And these names indicate to those acquainted,
their peculiarities of living.
I found here a company, organized and pros-
pering, called Presbyterians. There is no
THE ADOPTED COUNTBY. 123
doubt of their being emigrants. They told of
the evils of their father-land ; and of the try-
ing scenes of their voyage over. They are con-
tented and faithful citizens. They occupy a
province under the protection of the general
government, and yet have what might be named
a state or provincial government of their own,
differing somewhat from that of any other
province in the country. They understand the
principles of government a little differently
from the others, and with all honesty have
framed their constitution according to their
best understanding. They use the same text
book of common law which the others do, and
refer to the same precedents ; but they draw
different conclusions, and make different appli-
cations.
" The great fundamental principle of the
Presbyterial form of government is, that the
several different congregations of believers,
taken collectively, constitute the Church ; that
a larger part of the Church, or a representa-
tion of it, should govern the smaller, and that
a representation of the whole should govern
and determine in regard to every part, and to
124 THE EMIGRANTS.
all the parts united : and consequently, that ap-
peals may be carried from lower to higher ju-
dicatorieS; till they are finally decided by the
collected wisdom and united voice of the whole
Church.
'^ This form of government recognizes four
distinct judicatories.
" The first and lowest is that of the Church
Sessions, composed of the pastor and ruling
elders of a particular congregation ; and the
minister is moderator, and performs the duties
usually assigned to the chairman of a commit-
tee, in all the meetings of the elders. This judi-
catory judges of the qualifications of applicants
for membership, and receives or rejects them by
vote of the majority present ; they hear com-
plaints, institute trials, and censure or acquit
the accused ; they appoint one ruling elder of
their number to attend each meeting of the
presbytery, and take the general oversight of
the spiritual concerns of the Cliurch.
" The second is the presbytery, composed
of all the ministers, not less than three, and
one ruling elder from each congregation within
a certain district.
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 125
" The tliird is tlie synod, composed of the
pastors and ruHng elders within a larger district,
including at least three presbyteries.
" The fourth and highest judicatory is the
GENERAL ASSEMBLY. It is the bond of union
over the whole Church, (represented by the
judicatories named,) the source of general
council in cases of difficulty, and the ulterior
resort by way of appeal from the inferior judi-
catories."
A standard author of the province. Dr. S.
M., says : "In every Church comjjletely or-
ganized, that is, furnished with aU the officers
which Christ has instituted, and which are ne-
cessary for carrying into full effect the laws of
his kingdom, there ought to be three classes of
officers, viz : at least one Teaching Elder,
Bishop, or Pastor — a bench of Ruling Elders —
and Deacons. The first to ' minister in the
word and doctrine,' and to dispense the sacra-
ments ; the second to assist in the inspection
and government of the Church ; and the third
to ' serve tables : ' that is to take care of the
Church's funds destined for the support of the
poor, and sometimes to manage whatever re-
126 THE EMIGRANTS.
lates to the temporal support of the Gospel and
its niinisters."
Citizenship is gained here in a particular way,
differently from what it is in some other prov-
inces.
Children are recognized as citizens, by cer-
tain forms. When very young they are bap-
tized with water in a formal way, as a prepar-
atory step to their enjoying the rights of citi-
zenship ; their parents, who submit them to
this ordinance, engaging to devote them as the
liege subjects of the kingdom, and to do their
best to train them up to be fit for such relation.
"When the children are old enough to choose
for themselves, they concede to what has been
done in their case, and yield voluntary alle-
giance to the government, when they are at once
recognized as having all the rights of citizen-
ship. And when a person has heartily entered
upon citizenship in this way, they believe he
will never become a citizen of Satan's empire.
Their opinions as to the right and duty, or
jDOSsibility of receiving all foreigners as emi-
grants, are different from those of some others
They are very friendly to those who come over,
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 127
and have no fears that the country will be ru-
ined by the influence of foreigners : they would
by no means have laws passed to restrict or
discourage their coming. They welcome all
who are pleased to come, and believe that with
proper attentions they can be trained to become
good citizens, and will prove a blessing to the
country. But the "Articles of Faith'' of this
province declare the opinion that some foreign-
ers will remain in the miseries of their oppres-
sion : that they can never reach any province
of the Emigrant's home. Some unexplained
circumstances are supposed to be against them.
Not because they have done anything to cut
them off from this privilege, more than others ;
but there is no obligation, only as voluntarily
entered into by the Lord, to receive any ; and
there are supposed to be reasons of state for
passing by some. Yet as none but the Sover-
eign Ruler knows which are passed by, citizens
are free to extend their invitations to all, as-
sured that none but the right will comply.
They are very industrious to do what they can
to induce emigrations, and are zealous for their
adopted, foi:m of government and esta^blished
128 THE EMIGRANTS.
customs. They sustain each other exceedingly
well in their home operations ; they encourage
friendly intercourse with neighboring provinces ;
and are ready to extend, to them needed help.
Their forms of worship and Church activity
are in the main such as are prevalent through-
out the country. Perhaps they have excelled
their neighbors for some time, in Church activ-
ity, by the use of the press. They have united
their efforts with several other provinces in
what is named a " Tract Society." It is
thought they throw more strength into this en-
terprise than their neighbors ; and they are
doing a great work by scattering their " tracts"
broad-cast over the world. By these, a great
many are induced to emigrate, and when emi-
grated, they are enlightened as to the way of
living happily, and of laying up treasures such
as angels enjoy.
I found here another organization of people
calling themselves Baptists. Their name is
expressive of a peculiarity in their manner of
admitting emigrants to their community. Ev-
ery one must be immersed in water as one
prominent part of the form of c^dmission. The
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 129
people in some sections of this province believe
as their neighbors just described do, in regard
to the possibiHty of all foreigners emigrating ;
and in points where that opinion has a bearing,
practice similarly.
Their children are not considered citizens
until of sufficient age to choose for themselves.
Every one is believed to make trial of living
under Satan's dominion before he becomes a
real subject of tliis, Christ's kingdom. For
this exj^eriment he leaves his father's faith and
home ; indulging that wandering spirit which
has a strong hold upon human beings, espe-
cially at a certain age of youth ; — they wish to
see and know what is outside of the parental
nursery.
Thus these children are recognized as passing
over from Satan's kingdom, whenever initiated
as citizens of tliis province. Having intimated
their desire to take the oath of allegiance, and
to be enrolled as citizens, a public meeting is
appointed, when each relates his experience of
the voyage over, and his present satisfaction
and hopes in his chosen home. Having ex-
pressed publicly his devotion to the government
130 THE EMIGRANTS.
in this way, lie is immersed in water by an
Elder, and his name is registered as entitled to
all the rights and emoluments of citizenship.
The same ceremony is passed through in re-
ceiving all foreigners.
In one section of this province the people
lay so much stress upon immersion as an essen-
tial form of the initiatory rite before named, that
they will not admit any persons of another
province to join with them in their principal
festival — the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper —
lest they may not have really become subjects
of Christ's kingdom in this, which they esteem,
the regular way. They regard it as in some
way very improper and wrong to admit any to
this festival who have not minutely observed
this as a preparatory rite, in the form stated.
And so they ^^do this in remembrance of
Christ" in a select company, whilst those of
other provinces regard it a pleasure to greet all
true Emigrants on this festival occasion.
Each congregation in this section exercises
government over its own members, with no
right of appeal beyond. In cases of disciplin-
ing a private member or pastor, a " council" is
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 131
often called to advise ; and their advice is often
made a binding decision, by previous voluntary
agreement of parties in tbe trial. Thus the
collected wisdom of many is enjoyed in decis-
ions. They have an " Association/' annually
meeting, composed of several pastors and dele-
gates from their Churches, for spiritual im-
provement.
These people have manifested great zeal of
late, to enhghten the miserable heathen, and
induce them to emigrate. They spend much,
in men and treasures, for this object. They
deserve strong commendation.
They look well to the interests of their own
province. They are exceedingly well pleased
with their home, and with Christian benevo-
lence desire others to share its benefits. They
do not suffer one to enter upon their shores
without being noticed by some inhabitant, and
having such attentions bestowed as will be
likely to induce him to become a citizen. This
forwardness in hospitahty to strangers from
abroad, and to their own countrymen from
other provinces, is a point in which they excel
some of their neighbors. They hold a strong
132 THE EMIGRANTS.
position in tlie country, and have merits to de-
serve their great success in filling up with in-
habitants.
I noticed here another province whose citi-
zens were termed Episcopalians. Their grounds
are well laid out ; their buildings display taste-
ful and rich architecture ; the scenery is beau-
tiful ; and their living and various operations
have a bearing in the direction of stately forms.
They lay strong claims to excellence. They
claim that their chief rulers, their Bishops, oc-
cupy their position by what is equivalent to
hereditary right ; — a right descended in an un-
interrupted line from the apostles.
Children are recognized as citizens from their
birth ; or from the time, in childhood, when
the rite of baptism is performed. When of
sufficient age to choose for themselves to stay,
or yield to temptations to forsake their home,
they are " confirmed," and are thenceforward
entitled to all the honors of citizenship.
They are not as particular as those in some
of the other provinces that these children and
foreigners should give evidence that they hear-
tily love the Lord Jesus Christ — that their af-
THE ADOPTED COUNTllY. 133
fections are upon him as their Kuler, and that
he gives them a testimonial that he reciprocates
their love. They retain the names of some as
members of this provincial association, who are
in reality across the line, within Satan's king-
dom. They there observe forms very similar
to those of real Episcopalians ; and imagine
that on the whole they have just as good pros-
pects of the future. Though this same cir-
cumstance of retaining unworthy names may
sometimes transpire in other provinces, in this
it is thought by some to be done on purpose.
This province lies along so near the boundary
lines, and a part of those who are enrolled as
its citizens being really residents over the other
side of the line, some have taken occasion to
charge it with not being a loyal 23rovince of
Christ's kingdom. But it occupies an impor-
tant portion of the Lord's territory ; and those
who really live and labor there, are good citi-
zens and very useful. Some have been admit-
ted, with marked aj^proval, very near Christ's
throne.
This province has some peculiarities in its
forms of government, but not to clash at all
134 THE EMIGRANTS.
with the constitution of the general govern-
ment. In other words, the rights of citizens
in other provinces, and their contributory sup-
port of Christ's kingdom in general, are not at
all interfered with by any peculiarities in this
form of government. They are not interfered
with any more than are the general interests
of the United States of America, by the pe-
culiarities of the government of the State of
New- York. The government of this State dif-
fers from that of other States, but does not
interfere with their authority or welfare by this
means ; no more does the Episcopal form of
government, by its differing from that of Pres-
byterians and Ba23tists, interfere with their
welfare, or with the well-being of the militant
Church in general.
The peculiarities in their forms of govern-
ment are said to be in that, " By virtue of reg-
ular succession from the apostles, the Bishops
claim the sole right of admitting persons to
Church membershijo by confirmation, the body
ecclesiastic assumes the appellation of ' the
Church,' and claims the exclusive right of
precedence over other denominations ; and each
^
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 135
clergyman exercises the prerogative of govern-
ing his own flock, of deciding all questions in
controversy, and of trying and expelling his
members, without the intervention of a com-
mittee, or jury, or session, or any other tribu-
nal to modify or restrict his power : and from
his decision there is no appeal but to the Bish-
op, to whom the clergyman is accountable for
his conduct."
In forms of . worship they vary somewhat
from others. It appears some like an imitation
of the stateliness and splendor practiced among
the Jews. The priests have their sacred gar-
ments, in which they officiate on public occa-
sions. The whole public service is in set order.
The expounding and enforcing of the laws of
Christ, are done chiefly in writing. They seem
to think that God, having set the example of
proclaiming his commands in writing, uj)on
tables of stone, gives authority for his servants to
reiterate them in a similar form : and that his
authorizing Moses to write particular explana-
tions and instructions, surely affords exam23le
for Christ's ambassadors to write and read their
136 THE EMIGRANTS.
explanations and enforcements of his laws. So
their priests read their sermons.
And, in like manner, they gather encourage-
ment for written prayers. Our Lord gave a
form of prayer. They take this as an exam-
ple, and try to adapt forms of prayer to the
particular circumstances of individuals and
communities. In public and in* the family,
often in private, they try to follow, with the
heart's desires, the set Avords of prayer which
they repeat. They think that in congregations
more persons really pray, really worship, in
this way ; that they are less apt to relapse into
mere listeners or spectators.
I noticed another community of people
called Methodists. They have their associa-
tions and customs professedly, with metliod, as
their name imports. Their province lies ad-
joining the one last named. In some respects
the usages of these people are similar to those
of the former. They originally colonized from
them ; principally because of the practice
named in speaking of the E23iscopalians, — that
of often reckoning persons as citizens who were
really dwellers in Satan's kingdom. A stricter
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 137
regulation in this respect was thought best for
the interests of the country ; and they under-
took to secure it by a separate organization.
It is not pretended that these Methodists always
succeed ; but they have certainly enjoyed the
approval of the Lord of the land, in making
the effort ; and with his encouragements,
openly given, they have greatly increased in
numbers and influence. Under his sanction
they have extended their borders over larger
and larger territory.
They ask for volunteer emigrants ; but labor
hard to enlist them. To secure loyal subjects,
none are taken into full privileges of citizen-
ship till they have been tried at least six
months. Keal love to their Sovereign and
neighbors, is tested during this trial ; and
when satisfied that this is exercised, they are,
in a prescribed form, admitted to all the priv-
ileges of the community. And after this, as
well as before, means are regularly used to see
that this faithfulness is heartily kept up. The
oath of allegiance to the government is perhaps
more frequently repeated by citizens of tliis
province than by those of any other. If any
11
#
138 THE EMIGRANTS.
have deserted or moved over the boundary line,
they are soon found out by this means, as they
do not make their appearance to declare their
continued allegiance. As long as these methods
prescribed are attended to, the persons whose
names are found enrolled may be considered as
quite reliable. As a consequence, confidence
in each other, and mutual affection, have at-
tracted the attention of strangers as a marked
characteristic of Methodists. It was so at
least in their first organization. They have
often got exceedingly haj)py in each other's so-
ciety ; and especially while receiving favors and
promises from their Sovereign. They shout
praise to him — talk of his gifts, sing hymns in
his praise, and show various signs of joy, so as
to appear to some to be strangely singular.
Somewhat strangely, a few of them have at
times thought their province would be bettered^
by dropping some of its peculiarities and in-
corporating a part of the usages of other prov-
inces. Just so far as any have ventured to do
this, their distinctive peculiarities have been
lost from view, and they have found the inter-
ests of their own province suffering ; yet with
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 139
no advantage to others. It is believed by many
that the Lord raised uj) tliis province to rouse
others by the example and efforts of its people
to greater zeal in sustaining the welfare of the
kingdom. And so, if they lower their standard
of exercising love and zeal to corresj)ond with
anything around them, they draw down the
frowns of their Sovereign, and are like Sampson
shorn of his strength. I found them doing a
great work ; and reaUy felt in my heart to hope
that they would never come down to parley
for less active life, or for any professions or cus-
toms, which would obscure thek characteristics
as a pecuhar people.
A leading feature among them is the itiner-
ation of the officers of their province. The
officers, once chosen, are generally retained
during good behavior. But those occupying
the higher offices, frequently change their lo-
calities for exercising their official duties. They
think that various advantages are derived from
this usage ; though they are ready to concede
that it might not be best for every province to
adopt it. By this means, it must be allowed,
they are more successful than some of their
140 THE EMIGRANTS.
neighbors, in keeping every part of the province
all the while suppHed with suitable officers.
Each locality has a claim upon many for a sup-
ply, and is accommodated, though it may not
be able to pledge any stipulated salary, or to
return an equivalent in any man qualified for
an official station. They are not allowed to se-
lect their supply, nor is the officer supplied
allowed to choose his place ; but all this is done
by a regular system of exchanges annually or
biennially, through a cabinet of chief officers,
who, in the position of general oversight, are
best able to do justice to all parties. Thus all
are kept " at it, and always at it," in carrying
forward the interests of the province.
The system involves a mutual sacrifice of
rights of choice, and of ease, for the sake of
the general good. It is found to be a very effi-
cient means for making the barren wilderness
a fru"tful field. The most desolate regions are
thus favored with the skill of the most expe-
rienced operators, as from time to time they
take their turns in supply ; and the uncultiva-
ted inhabitants of those neighborhoods are
trained up to the refinements of higher life.
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 141
This will account for the more sparsely set-
tled neighborhoods of this province being more
attractive as homes for the seeking emigrant,
than the sparse settlements in some other
provinces of the kingdom. Officers are expec-
ted to be always on the look-out in every part
of the province for emigrants, on whatsoever
part of the shore they may first land, and to
be ready to furnish them with all needed in-
struction and help.
The government is mild but strict : it claims
to be " very strict." Every citizen, in case of
alleged violation of the laws, is brought to
trial before a jury of his peers ; and has right
of appeal to a higher court, except the Bishops,
who have no right of appeal. Injustice is thus
pretty well guarded against.
The forms of worship do not essentially vary
from those in other provinces. As remarked
before, they sometimes express excited joy in
shouts of praise : and this, with some other
expressions of happy feeKng, it may be con-
ceived would be somewhat restrained by writ-
ten sermons and prayers. And as might be
expected where such manifestations of excited
142 THE EMIGRANTS.
feelings are prevalent, these people are seldom
confined to reading sermons and repeating
written forms of prayer. Yet it is allowed that
their ministers understand what they teach,
and that the people know for what they pray.
They ask as children wonld of a parent, for
just what they want at the time, as their wants
ever vary. They frequently offer the Lord's
prayer ; but consider that to be an example as
to the subject and import of prayer, rather
than as an example to authorize a written form.
"After this manner" they extend their peti-
tions to all desired particularity. In some of
their meetings both men and women raise their
voices in supjohcations.
I have been rather particular, and yet brief
as I could well be, in giving a view of these
four provincial organizations. As before said,
the kingdom embraces perhaps twenty or thirty
similar organizations. I was not informed pre-
cisely how many. And, these not being uni-
form in position or operations, yet united by
one bond to the Sovereign, and promoting the
good of the general government, appeared
plainly to accord with the unity, not uniformitj/
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 143
of th3 country, as exMbited in tlie particulars
before named : in the face of the country, in
the exhibitions of nature, in the oj)erations of
providence and God's gracious influences among
the peoj^le, and in the abihties of the people
for usefulness.
Now, as it has been shown, there being in
these several ways an exhibition of unity, yet
not uniformity, if, in the Millennial glory of
Christ on earth, his Church should no longer
exhibit similar varieties, it would appear in
singular contrast. God's works in men, and in
nature and providence, would not appear in
harmony.
It is expected that ultimately the kingdoms
of this world will become "the kingdoms of
our Lord, and of his Christ ;" but that then
there will exist varieties of form in the militant
Church. It will have various branches, per-
haps distinguished by some of the same names
now borne. In the Millennial day one may be
called a Methodist, another a Lutheran, and
so on.
This union of all the provinces into one, or
not, has' been a question of considerable inter-
144 THE EMIGKANTS.
est in tlie kingdom. Many most loyal subjects
were quite indifferent which way it might be :
they were most concerned that no province
should claim that its form would be the victo-
rious one, and absorb all the others. There
was found to be danger of selfishness creeping
in, quite inconsistent with loyalty, by which
each would seek to make his province the chief,
and to conform others to it. This spirit of
sectarian selfishness has been very disastrous
whenever indulged ; those indulging being very
apt to become dissatisfied with the general gov-
ernment, and to desert the country. The true-
hearted greet all citizens of every province with
brotherly regard, and love them and their
country, surmounting the contraction of local
prejudices. They look upon all, despite of
their differences, as of one family.
The remarks of one of these people upon
this point struck my attention as quite appro-
priate. He said, "It is exceedingly desirable
that each Christian should cultivate the habit
of regarding himself as 07ie of the family.
The brothers and sisters of a well ordered fam-
ily understand this feeling very well ; it is
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 145
habitual with them. They have one common
interest, and are bound together by their affec-
tion for their parents. No one thinks of ap-
propriating to himself any more than his own
share of the home comforts. No one wants to
be commended at the expense of the rest.
They are accustomed to being treated alike,
and never wish to have it otherwise. If one
has any particular joy or sorrow, the rest share
it with him. They make allowance for each
other's defects, and 'forgive and forget."" Each
one, perhaps, has his particular tastes and oc-
cupations, but they are never suffered to inter-
fere with the general comfort and convenience.
Their jjrincipal happiness grows out of their
love to their parents and each other. Let us,
then, look on the members of Hhe household
of faith' in this light. Let us mix ourselves
up with them, till that rich word ' toe' shall
come more naturally to our lips than ^I\ Let
us completely identify ourselves with them, and
strive to have no separate interest. The Bible
says : ^ Look not every man on his own things,
but every man also on the things of others."
Perhaps each member of the household is as
146 THE EMIGKANTS.
dear to our Father as we are ; therefore let us
, take the same interest in their salvation that
we do in our own. It will be equally glorious
to Grod — equally gratifying to 'that mighty
jf heart of love/ Do we fervently pray for sanc-
tification ? Let us never offer a prayer for
ourselves without adding a petition of the same
kind for all the rest of the dear family. There
is such a thing, perhaps, as keeping the mind's
eye too exclusively on our own spiritual wants^
and selfishness may even creep in here. Why
should we wish to be holy ? That Grod may
be glorified, and his whole will accomplished
in us. Well, we have the same reason for de-
siring the holiness of all the rest of his chil-
dren."
Another argued the propriety of there being
a family of religious denominations, as seen in
this country. Said he, " We may fairly doubt
whether the splitting up of Christendom into
various denominations, be necessarily adverse
to the j)rogress of pure Christianity ; whether,
in the end, and when Christians become better
Christians, it may not be the very best means
of developing among them the important graces
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 147
of forbearance, and that charity that ' suffereth
long and is kind : ' whether human nature, be-
ing what it is, this may not rather be vicAved
as a providential arrangement by which truth
will be more thoroughly sifted, and thus the
more certainly purified and established ; by
which the natural diversity of tastes may be
innocently accommodated, while the emulation
of sects may jorovoke to zeal and good works,
and the entire Church be prevented from sink-
ing back again, as under the papacy, into one
overwhelming and unmitigated mass of corrup-
tion. As in nature the most sublime and ben-
eficial results are often produced by the ope-
ration of contrary forces, so may it be in the
kingdom of grace. And He who in every de-
partment of his works, 'from seemingly evil
still educes good,' may have devised tliis very
method of preserving a religion of thought and
of life in the world ; of making our piety ' a
reasonable ser\dce/ instead of an unreflecting
and senseless formalism. For such does all
experience prove that it will become, where
there are none to challenge or dispute our
creed. Every grand hierarchy, eveiy great na-
148 THE EMIGRANTS.
tional Church, has become corrupt, just in pro-
portion as dissent died away, and the necessity
for defending the truth and guarding manners
against impeachment, ceased. Clearly, then,
i|4 we are of the opinion that complete uniformity
is not essential to the end desired ; and that
all attempts to coerce union by amalgamating
Christians into one single denomination, would
really be disastrous to the interests of truth
and piety. They who would urge this mode,
we think, mistake greatly the needful remedy.
The attempt cannot succeed ; apparent success
will be but temporary."
While these provinces treat each other in
this way — exhibit unity, though not uniformi-
ty— they certainly exhibit as inviting a home
for emigrants as they could in any other way.
And who can say they will not attract, ulti-
mately, the whole world to come under their
banner of many "stars and stripes?"
Enemies of this kingdom are mistaken in
their charges that, because there are many
provinces here, they are therefore working
against each other ; are not one, but divided
in their interests, so that the prosperity of one
THE ADOPTED COUNTRY. 149
is not the good of the whole ; and that, there-
fore, it is undesirable to join with either.
^^ When one member suffers, all suffer with it :
when one rejoices, all rejoice with it.'' They
are hound to support each other in every case
of invasion or suffering ; and it is contrary to
the constitution of the general government for
them to take up arms against each other.
It is not pretended that any of these forms
or usages of any one of the provincial govern-
ments are perfect. The evils discovered in the
present exercise of the government, or in the
doings of the people, are rehcs of the old coun-
try rule, brought over with emigrants. The
tendency is to get rid of these evils ; and the
kingdom shows plain marks of eternal durabil-
ity, and of finally ridding its subjects of all
the evils they imbibed in their native country.
They will then be transferred to regions beyond,
to that portion of the universe, to Heaven,
where God will reign without a rival. All will
then be safe and satisfied.
But these imperfections in judgment, and
wisdom, and strength, thus allowed to exist
among the inhabitants of this country, do not
150 THE EMIGBANTS.
constitute criirie. Opposers to this government
are using their breath and pens in ire against
some of their own kingdom, when they declaim
against ungodly priests, against corrupt-hearted
but professed adherents to any of these prov-
inces, and against backsliders ; in other words,
against traitors, spies, and deserters. These
do not belong to this kingdom. They are
scouting about for no good. All the preceding
descriptions of the inhabitants are designed to
represent good citizens, to the exclusion of
these. It is only to share a place with good
citizens that we wish any to emigrate. And is it
not a fact that such are found in different lo-
calities, and under different forms of govern-
ment, as described ? I am one witness to this
fact ; and many more corroborating witnesses
can be brought. Be assured, this is a good
country ; and none the worse for its variety in
all the several ways described. It all adheres
to one Christ for its Sovereign. " There are
differences of administration, but the same
Lord.''
CHAPTER IV.
a |e (000i %\t^ &m\ g0,
INDUCING OTHERS TO FOLLOW THEM.
What has been said in the preceding chap-
ters, will throw much light upon this point.
The condition of the people in their oppression,
and all the varieties of bonds which hold them
there ; the manner in which they must pass
over, if they come at all ; and what has been
said of the associations and custams existing
in Christ's kingdom, must all be taken into
the view, in order to appreciate the influences
exerted by the people of one kingdom upon
those of the other.
1. Emigrants induce old country people to
follow them, in the first place^ by their exam-
ple of prosperity. In whatever province they
settle, ordinary industry secures them a compe-
152 THE EMIGRANTS.
tence. Now their contentment, their mutual
love, &C.J as described in the last chapter, are
all well known by those living in the empire of
Beelzebub. For, let it be here plainly under-
stood, the boundary lines between the kingdoms
are not so broad as to prevent those on the one
side, from hearing and seeing what is done
upon the other side of the line. We read of
there being "a great gulf fixed" between the
rich man in hell, and Lazarus in Abraham's
bosom. Yet the rich man and Abraham held
a conversation together across the gulf. It
may then be comprehended that this passable
boundary, represented between these kingdoms,
is no barrier to persons being influenced by
what they see and hear across the boundary.
It is in this way that those in oppression are
afiected by the example of these emigrants.
They become satisfied that their friends, by
moving, have secured a good to be prized. No
instructions or arguments would impress some
of them so forcibly, and start them so quickly,
as to see and know that their friends have se-
cured a good which they lack. Hence, the
responsibility of emigrants to let their good he
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO, 153
knoiun ; and in a way not to be evil spoken of.
As tliey love their friends yet in bondage, they
are obligated to set attractive examples before
them ; obligated never to conceal the amount
of their gains, and never to repress the expres-
sions of their happiness.
A view, (as it was described by an em-
igrant,) of one of the families of these prov-
inces, in daily life, will give a further conception
of the impressions their way of living makes
upon their neighbors beyond the line.
It is winter. The members of the family begin
Monday morning early with private and family
devotions ; and with renewed vigor and Chris-
tian cheerfulness, they enter upon the business
of the week, seriously contriving and perhaps
consulting together, how they may successfidly
look after some who were neglecters of public
worship on Sunday ; or, how they may encour-
age some who appeared serious, or benefit those
who were learned to be in affliction. One
evening visitors are received. The family man-
age to make the interview agreeable to the
religious and irreligious, old and young ; and
yet, with the contrulling intention to exert an
12
154 THE EMIGRANTS.
influence favorable to piety. And tliey ,siij-
ceed. Another evening they are invited abroad.
If tliey cannot go into the company proposed with
a spirit of prayer for God's blessing upon them,
and so as to maintain their Christian character
and influence, they decline. If they go, they
are courteous, win the esteem of all classes of
persons present, and honor their Master. All
their visits are religious visits. No excuse
which would not keep them from market, pre-
vents their attendance upon the weekly prayer
meeting. They waste no time in slumber be-
cause of the nights being long. They have
minds to improve, information to gain, enough
to do.
Sabbath morning arrives, when, with clear
consciences, with warm and prayerful hearts,
they repair to the place of public worship.
The minister can preach while they are prayer-
ful. And the co-operating results of his
preaching and their prayers, are felt in Divine
power upon sinning souls. Thus weeks roll on,
with continued aggressive success among the
travellers in " the broad way.''
And the efforts continue in harvest. The
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 155
same morning and evening devotions arc per-
formed ; the same calculations to accomplish
some religious good during the week, are made :
in whatever company labor is performed, care
is exercised to make favorable virtuous im-
pressions. Business is closed on Saturday night
as well as it can be, to enter upon the holy
Sabbath with a good degree of bodily and
mental vigor. With their jjredominant aim in
their business transactions, it is easy to decide
whether to venture to gather their crops on the
Sabbath. They are under no obligations to
labor for what cannot be got or saved while
manifestly conforming to the Divine commands,
and, in such way as to promote the glory of
Grod. They never imagine that they can exert a
religious influence by gathering their harvest
on the Sabbath ; and they are satisfied with
such amount of property as they can secure by
doing right. All gains are made subordinate
to the seeming of a heavenly inheritance to
themselves and others.
With such a family, hired laborers would
have every help and encouragement to serve
God. All, being " diligent in business, fervent
156 THE EMIGRANTS,
in spirit, serving tlie Lord/' would show that
business can be successfully followed ; family
cares, and business cares, and laborers' cares,
exercised, and various relations maintained,
while full gospel blessings are enjoyed.
Now suppose this same spirit were manifested
in all the lawful avocations in life ; that all
Christians were influenced by the predominant
idea that they are continued in the world to
do good as well as to get good. Wherever we
might find Christians, whether among farmers,
or mechanics ; merchants or professional men ;
teachers or scholars ; those in civil office, or in
private toils ; sailors or travellers ; indeed, in
any rational employment, there we should wit-
ness the reflection of religious light and in-
fluence ; and it would be exemplified to all
beholders that gospel blessings are adapted to
accompany the various pursuits of life.
If all professed Christians would thus turn
messengers of truth, and exemplifiers of the
blessed effects of the Gospel, missionaries would
not be wanting ; but with God's blessing, the
whole world would soon feel the influence. Is
this thought to be mere fancy ? Certainly such
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 157
influence has been exerted in some cases. It
may be in others. Why not in all ? It may.
It should. Christians are faulty^ wherever they
live, or whatever may be their calling, if their
influence is not felt in favor of pui:e religion.
Let all Christians, in their several spheres, live
in the siAvit of their Christian calling, and the
Lord will bless with revivals of pure religion
unceasing and unlimited, except with the glory
of the Millennial day.
The wicked, under Satan's dominion, know
many of these happy families just represented.
Why, say they, do we endure constantly recur-
ring disappointments of ha23piness here, when
our acquaintances surely have it there ? Let
us go and join them, and be as happy as they.
It is chiefly by their manner of life that
these families raise the reputation of their
country abroad, for afibrding peace and thrift
to its inhabitants. Frequently this reputation
is what first causes, among old country people,
a feeling of discontent with their situation.
2. Emigrants are careful to send back all
necessary information and persuasives to induce
their relatives and friends to follow them.
158 THE EMIGRANTS.
One way of presenting this inducement is to
report Avell of the government — that it affords
sm^e protection. Strangers want to feel well
assured of this. Some of them have the im-
pression that the laws of this kingdom are too
strict for happy liberty. It is the duty of those
who have had the exj erience of living under
them, to report the contrary, and give their
strong assurances that " the commandments
are not grievous :" that the "yoke is easy and
the burden is light." They want assurances,
too, that there is no respect of persons shown ;
that the whole treatment of citizens is kind ;
not with cold distance or reserve, with mani-
fested indifference or delic^ht in their afflictions.
There are abundant means of giving assurance
that the Sovereign loves his people. The peo-
ple speak well of the care shown for them, and
while they live under this dominion, do not
murmur nor complain. Thus from residents a
clear and uniformly favorable report is given
of the government. Sometimes, to be sure,
murmuring and complaints are raised by those
who have rebelled against the government, and
been expelled. But who, that ever had law
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 159
enforced against him Avlien guilty and unre-
penting, has failed to find fault ? The reports
of those banished should never he heeded.
The Lord of the land employs numbers of
these emigrants, and sends them out within
hearing of the oppressed, as heralds to proclaim
his offers and various persuasives. He also
supplies these heralds and their helpers with
books and tracts to circulate, giving informa-
tion, and various instructions to induce emi-
grations.
One example, among the thousands which
might be given, illustrative of this kind of in-
fluence by letter-writing, and kindred efforts,
is recorded in the Missionary Advocate, of Oct.,
1853. It is related by Kev. L. S. Jacoby, in
his quarterly report of the Mission in Germany.
He says : ''In one place, a revival of religion
broke out among the farmers by the instrumen-
tality of a letter a young man, who had been
converted among the Methodists in New- York,
wrote to his relatives. His brother was soon
converted, went frcm house to house, read that
letter, related his conversion, exhorted the peo-
ple, and not in vain. Souls were converted,
IGO THE EMIGRANTS.
and people commenced to meet together." It
is exceedingly important that all emigrants to
Christ's kingdom should appreciate their re-
sponsibility to use the kind of influence here
represented.
All these efforts might seem unjust between
two nations ; but Satan's kingdom is a revolted
province of the Lord's ; and that despotic king
is holding the people in unjust vassalage. It
is Christ's right to rule over the whole. As
soon as the people can be induced to turn from
their revolt, and aUow this right to rule, there
is no law which can hold them any longer in
subjection to Satan. It is the leading care and
effort of Christ's subjects to enlighten, per-
suade, and draw back these revolted and now
ojDpressed people ; to break up Satan's empire,
and annex all to their own country. And I am
sure it would be a far happier world if all
would come under the regulations of this gov-
ernment.
3. Another means which emigrants employ
to save their former associates in suffering
from further oppressions is, to present petitions
to their Sovereign, that he will interfere and
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 161
claim individuals under oppression. The right
of petition is recognized. It has been specifically
proclaimed, even though the thorough knowl-
edge of the Supreme Euler cannot leave him
ignorant, in any case, of what is needed. One
prominent condition on which he interposes his
power to supply the needy and to relieve the
oppressed is, that his assistance shall be sought
by petition. No one cpiestions his right to in-
terpose such condition ; and though he is cer-
tainly under no obligation to proclaim the rea-
sons for his laws, and for the regulations of his
government, no doubt he has good reasons, and
many are able to discover wisdom and kindness
displayed in this regulation. His subjects are
thus led more fuUy to appreciate their de-
pendence upon him, and to exercise more sym-
pathy for their friends, as they must often
petition for them. Mercy is peculiarly mani-
fest in this requirement to petition for neigh-
bors, as many most suffering ones are so ground
down under Satanic oppression, and their senses
are so stultified, that they would never them-
selves petition for the needed interposition of
this compassionate Sovereign. When they find
162 THE EMIGRANTS
they have friends who are interceding in their
behalf, they are roused to think there is some-
thing serious in their condition ; and, finding
that others do not despair of help for them, they
join their petitions with those of their friends,
and are then sure to receive all the assistance
needed.
Petitions are required to be offered always
with due respect to the character of the Being
to whom they are presented. He must be
revered, adored ; must be approached with
penitence for past revolts, and with humility.
But after all, many mistake here. Having
an idea that their Sovereign knows beforehand
every particular in regard to which they pray
to him, they ask only in general terms, espe-
cially when in behalf of their fellow men.
Now the Lord has never obligated himself to
hear such petitions. He could search the world
over, and select objects for his compassionate
help, answering to these general prayers. So,
when one prays that he will offer rescue and
interpose his authority, to claim those whom
Satan holds in bondage, he could comply. But
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 163
from all precedents of successful petitioning,
we learn that particularity is tlie regular form
approved, and is requisite to anything like
marked success.
Who ever thought of petitioning the Legis-
lature of the State of New- York to grant an
Act and appropriations to relieve citizens who
are ivronged and suffering ? The petition to
this body, in order to be recognized and acted
upon, must specify who are wronged, calling
the names ; or, what class of wrongs are suf-
fered. Without such particidarity the petition
would be thrown under the table unregarded.
Who ever applied to the Governor of a st^te
for a reprieve to criminals, saying that there
were such, and that there were circumstances
in their cases calling for governmental clemen-
cy ? The question would arise, Who are they ?
What are their names? What are the cir-
cumstances alluded to ? Such petitions always
particularize the cases.
Is it not customary, when one state claims
a citizen unjustly held in another state, to
specify the person by name, and to state the
circumstances of the case ?
164 THE EMIGRANTS.
With these views of the privileges and forms
of petitioning before them^ readers can appre-
ciate how these emigrants have their sympa-
thies awakened for individuals. They not only
esteem it a privilege to ask favors for their
friends^ but they are excited to faithfulness in
this, because of their assurances that the rescue
of their friends depends very much on their
presenting petitions in their behalf. Some
have a friend from whom Satan carefully keeps
all information from abroad ; and in the dark-
ness of his ignorance makes him contented in
his dangerous situation. In answer to petitions
offered, Satan has to refrain from his blinding
measures, and heralds proclaim to the individ-
ual his danger, and the terms of help ; others
write letters which he is permitted now to re-
ceive. He now learns his danger, and at tlie
same time his privilege to escape. Now he
joins in asking for a guide and help, when lie
is at once supplied and is saved.
Another is made to believe everything bad
of Christ and his people, while lies are told
him of the ultimate happiness of all mankind,
or, of the fatality of his situation being such
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 165
that he can do nothing to escape from his pres-
ent home. All these lies are credited, and
have their influence upon his conduct, because
he has not been permitted by his Ruler to
consult only one side of these questions. All
clear information offered by his friends, has
been carefully kept from him ; or if permitted
to reach him, he is taught that it is designed
to intermeddle with his happiness, and with
his prejudices he refuses to believe his best
friends. Petitions are offered to require Satan
to refrain from such one-sided course, and let
him receive communications from his friends,
and even the authorized documents of the
kingdom of God, on points touching his case,
when he is induced to look at the subject im-
partially, and to beg rehef from his oppres-
sions.
It can easily be conceived that in these and
similar cases, persons under Satan's dominion
are rescued and brought over through the in-
fluence of petitions in their behalf And I
noticed that the citizens who appeared to enjoy
life the best, were very forward and zealous in
urging their petitions in behalf of such cases
166 THE EMIGRANTS.
as just now suggested. In connection with
this, it was noticed that they always stood
ready to be employed in any service which
would further the object of their prayers. They
are faithful to comply with the condition on
which the Sovereign has pledged his special
interference in these cases of oppression. They
enjoy the luxury of seeking and doing good.
One of the emigrants argued at some length
in favor of the prevalent custom of particular
and earnest petitioning as just represented. He
said, " Among the many words which may be
employed to express ideas, there may be selected
those which point out either general or partic-
ular wants. Thoughts and words may be di-
rected to classes of objects, or to individual
objects. Prayer may be offered for all men,
for sinners in general, for a nation ; or, for in-
dividuals and particular cases. We may look
upon a forest without giving attention to the
particular kinds and qualities of the trees
which compose it ; or, we may notice the dif-
ferent classes as distinguished by their varying
qualities, and by the peculiarities of each indi-
vidual tree. If objects arc contemplated ac-
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 167
cording to the former mettiod, tlie impressions
of their attributes and relations must be min-
gled and confused ; if in the latter, the im-
pressions will be more complete and better
understood. This illustrates how we can view
mankindj and have our notions of the wants
of ourselves and others, as a whole ; or, to a
great extent, separately.
" Keeping these things in the mind, we may
urge the propriety of particularizing in prayer.
It may not be advisable to be equally minute
at all times and in all circumstances. But, it
is the regular form, in praying for the heathen,
to name particidar nations and missions, and
dwell upon their peculiar circumstances and
wants ; in praying for the progress of truth,
and the dispelling of error and superstition, to
name particular denominations of errorists, as
Infidels, Idolaters, Mohammedans, &c., also
the several means used to propagate Bible
truth, as Bible Societies, Missionary Societies,
Tract Societies, &c. ; in praying for a nation,
to supplicate particularly for the leading offi-
cers of government, and for all fiUing various
offices and ranks in society, and to dwell upon
168 THE EMIGllANTS.
any peculiar circumstances of the country, as
being in a state of war or peace^^in prosperity
or in adversity, winking at and sustaining in-
iquity within its bounds, or struggling to be
rid of evils and wrongs ; in praying for the suc-
cess of the visible Church, to distinguish its
circumstances and enterprises ; in praying for
neighborhoods, to be specially careful to sup-
plicate for the several individuals with a direct
conception and frequent expression of their
peculiar exposures to temptation, and of their
needs of the Divine blessing ; and most specially
to supplicate for success to attend any partic-
ular efforts employed for the rehgious benefit
of the community or of selected individuals,
such as relatives, those manifesting seriousness,
the penitent, those recently converted ; and
thus, in praying for ourselves and others, to
' let the requests be make known unto God, in
all tilings, by prayer and supplications, with
thanksgiving.'
"In this way prayer will be likely to be more
fervent. In order to become strongly interested
in any object, it must be contemplated with
more than a slight glance. Thought and un-
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 169
derstancling must be exercised upon its peculi-
arities. If effort were to be used to excite
sympathy for a starving nation, it would be but
faintly accomplished when it were said that the
scarcity is generally felt, and is so great that
many actually die of hunger. But eye-wit-
nesses would report the particular state of
things. Perhaps, that in a certain neighbor-
hood is found a family, of a given name, desti-
tute of food, and too far famished to seek it.
The sons are dead, the daughters are dying,
the parents unable to afford relief In another
neighborhood aU the members of a family, well
known to the listeners, are lifeless several days
before they are discovered, and the dwellings
around have inmates with stinted supplies,
suffering with gnawing hunger and wasting
fever, unable to perform the funeral rites of
their starved friends. A young lady, , well
known to have been healthy and robust, pos-
sessed of a strong mind and an affectionate
heart, beautiful and loved, is met at her parents'
door, with her steps tottering, cheeks hoUow,
eyes sluggish, faintly weeping, ^ Father is dead,
my little sisters are no more, my mother with
1*70 THE EMIGRANTS.
her infant babe has just fainted — we get no
food/
" Over the country, like scenes are depicted.
Laborers faint while carrying their scanty earn-
ings to their crying children. In a market-
town are seen a multitude gathered, bearing
every mark of extreme want, clamoring for
food. The benevolent bestow while their re-
sources last ; but resources for supply, by pur-
chase or gift, fail. Help must be had from
others. To know that acquaintances and rela-
tives are thus suffering, must excite interest.
Particular cases of the suffering of friends can-
not be contemplated without sympathy, and
earnest effort to relieve.
" Now no fancy picture or reality of multi-
tudes suffering for want of food, can exceed the
awful fact that many people are suffering a
' famine of the word of the Lord ' to the ruin
of their souls, — that they are not drawing
supplies from the fountain of spiritual life.
And to think that a large proportion of the
inhabitants of the earth are wicked, is not
enough. The peculiar circumstances of indi-
yiduals and classes, best known, should be con-
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO, 171
sidered and presented in all their bearings.
Petitions offered at the throne of grace, naming
the particular circumstances of souls known to
be suffering worse than a famine of bread, will
be accompanied with earnest and bold plead-
ing. And when prayers, offered as just ex-
pressed, are answered, the success is readily
recognized ; and thereby a new impulse is giv-
en to faith in after approaches to the throne
of grace. But if prayer is offered with indefi-
niteness, for many blessings in general, but
none in particular, answers to it cannot be dis-
tinguished, and therefore this source of en-
couragement to faith will not be realized."
I found it to be a peculiarity attending these
emigrations, that no persons had succeeded in
breaking away from the entanglements of Sa-
tan's oppression, without the interposition of
Supreme power, in answer to petitions in their
behalf. It is no wonder that petitions of em-
igrants for their friends are very numerous, and
that they are very earnest in this and other
benevolent efforts to rescue them.
4. I found that some emigrants go back and
settle again in the old country, and that this
172 THE EMIGKANTS.
discourages many from moving : that it greatly
neutralizes the benevolent efforts of the perma-
nent settlers.
Some become indolent, wearied with the ac-
tivity required, and slink back. Perhaps they
are naturally sluggish. Any way, they slack
the zeal and untiring industry which they man-
ifested in their first removal, appearing to im-
agine that when once fairly settled, they may
enjoy ease and be less active. Those who thus
relax their energies, find themselves soon un-
happy, and begin to wander back to seek rest ;
but it is said they find none.
Others yield to selfish ambition, and com-
plain that they are required to support the
government so largely, so expensively, and to
seek their own emolument only in subordina-
tion to that of the government. As a regular
consequence of their removal to the country,
and submitting to its industrial regulations,
their riches increase ; but they disregard the
injunction not to set their hearts upon them.
They forget that all they have or could gain in
the country is by the favor of the Sovereign ;
and to grudge hina supplies when he seeks to
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. l73
draw, in oixler to carry out the benevolent en-
terprises of his government, is showing ingrat-
itude and disloyalty. These dispositions can-
not long be indulged there without further dis-
satisfaction, repining, and the ultimate decision
to seek more freedom in ambitious gains.
They fail then to love their Kuler and their
country, and forsake both. They turn their
23rosperity to their ruin.
Others indulge in self-esteem so far as to be
self-sufficient. They begin to doubt the wis-
dom of the administration, and disclaim the
authority over them. They will be "free
thinkers/' and at their liberty. So they re-
turn.
Others disobey the laws, or neglect their du-
ties as enjoined, and are banished back again.
Of course, persons who would do these things
are wicked enough to misrepresent. And they
do so, in speaking of this country. This, and
the fact of their return, causes many to believe
evil of the land, and its people. Many jeal-
ousies and surmises are excited in the minds of
old country people in regard to the efibrts to
induce their removal. Heralds are heard with
174 THE EMIGRANTS.
suspicion. Descriptions of the promised coun-
try, and of their own situation in contrast, are
doubted. Letters of friends designed to per-
suade to their removal, are thought to be self-
interested.
As the crazed become enemies often to their
best friends, so these returned ones are fre-
quently the most virulent and successful oppo-
sers to emigration. Their very presence dis-
courages many from starting. If they even
plead that they are passive, and would not be
found discouraging others, yet their very posi-
tion effectually does this work.
Here we see the danger of emigrants, and
the difficulty of their work. If none ever re-
turned, once emigrated under such a govern-
ment, in such a country, they would have
nothing to fear. They would be beyond dan-
ger. And if none ever returned, it would be
pleasant, easy, and successful work to invite
their friends to follow them. All are safe while
they remain in the country. Nothing can
harm them while they are followers of that
which is good. No enemy can reach them
while under the protection of their all-power-
THE GOOD THEY CAN DO. 175
ful Sovereign. No want will be unsupplied
where their real good would suffer ; for the
stores of the universe are open to supply.
They have only to ask and receive what they
need. Their only danger is in leaving the
country. But to stay, they must submit to
its regulations. Tliis, as just stated, some fail
to do. And their failure interferes with the
pleasure and success of the work of those who
stay. Their business is, among other things,
to extend the bounds of the empire, to gather
multitudes to join it. They must work for
their country. But in order to success, their
country must have reputation abroad ; for their
conquests and building up of the empire, are
not with carnal weapons, — the sv>-ord, powder
and ball, &c. They persuade and help many :
they compel none. Every volunteer is sure to
have all needed help to forsake his country, and
to join them.
0, if every emigrant were faithful, and never
slacked his energy in discharging the duties
here represented, to his countrymen, having all
these inducements to present to encom-age their
176 THE EMIGKANTS.
emigration, it really seemed to me that every
person would soon join them. But a part of
them relaxing their zeal and going back, sadly
neutralizes the efforts of the faithful.
&a\xtlu^XQn.
In view of the representations of tlie prece-
ding pages, will emigrants suffer me to urge a
few reflections upon the responsibility of their
position ?
1. Your love to relatives and friends is now
tested.
You profess to love father, mother, brother,
sister, — all those with whom you most asso-
ciate. You ought to love them ; yes, even
your enemies. " Love your enemies, bless
them that curse you,'' says the Lord. You
know that some of your near relatives and
friends, as well as enemies, are miserable ; are
under subjection to the despot. They do not
love and serve your Lord. They are seeking
happiness in their so-called Pleasure Fields^ in
vain : building castles in the air does not sat-
isfy them ; sensual delights bring their sore
evils ; gold and earthly glory cannot satisfy ;
178 THE EMIGRANTS.
their false hopes and philosophizing, — all leave
them with an aching void. They are ever
seeking a better good, grasping, feeling their
wsij along through life, waxing all the while
worse and worse in misery and danger : their
Ruler entangles them in his wiles more and
more firmly. Their doom is certain, unless
they are soon rescued. But you are saved.
And how do yuu show your love ? By doing
all you can, by making any sacrifice, to get
them over with you ? Do you send uj) repeated
petitions to the Sovereign Power in their behalf?
Do you send letters to them, warning of their
danger, and telling of the good you enjoy?
Are you careful to have the proclamation of
heralds reach their ears, presenting every per-
suasive for them to escape from their danger ?
Are you sparing of no expense requisite for the
use of these means to obtain their freedom ?
Or, do you get discouraged by trifling diflicul-
ties in this work ? Do you slacken your zeal,
indulge in murmurings against your Sovereign ;
and, by example of unfaithfulness, dissatisfac-
tion, and desertion, do you fasten upon them
the ruinous choice to stay where they are?
CONCLUSION. 179
Your imfaitliful lives and desertioM back
again to tlieir company, are the direct means
to lead them to that fatal decision. Is this
loving them ? It is binding them in their
miseries. It is constantly winding worse than
a serpent's coil around them, — enchaining them
for the pit of woe. Are you doing this ? 0
how sad I have felt when I have seen persons
who professed to love their friends, doing this
very thing, — doing them this wrong. 0 fo'
love that wins.
2. In your present hfe yom- relia])ility, in anj
professed attachment, is tested.
A circumstance which once transpired within
the observation of an officer of this kingdom
will illustrate this point: — "At a very early
period of my ministry," said the Eev. A. M.
L., "I labored in a portion of the country
where a singular circumstance happened in the
common walks of life. A well-bred young-
man, apparently under much rehgious concern,
united himself with an excellent religious soci-
ety. Although he had formerly been rather
wayward and inconsistent in his Hfe, yet, by
his steady attendance on all the means of grace.
180 THE EMIGRANTS.
and the rapid im2)rove merit which he seemea
to make in his rehgious com'se, he had gained
largely on the affections of his class-mates ;
and some of the most pious and discerning had
already begun to regard him as a youth of some
promise. In the same neighborhood resided a
comely, and in many respects, a very amiable
girl. Heaven had, in mercy, granted her one
of the greatest earthly blessings — a pious pa-
rentage. But she was of an unusually volatile
disposition, and passionately fond of the world,
its fashions and amusements. Our young friend
saw her, loved her, and finally made proposals
of marriage. Eliza acknowledged that she
was pleased with him. ' But, William,' said
she, ^ there is one insuperable barrier to our
union. You ]3rofess religion, and I have no
reason to doubt your sincerity. You see what
a giddy, vain, and heedless sinner I am. What
domestic hapj^iness do you suppose will arise
from our marriage ? You, as a man of God,
would feel it to be your duty to erect a family
altar : I am illy qualified to participate in holy
exercises. You would love to see everything
clothed in the sombre aspect of Christianity ;
CONCLUSION. 181
I might love to sliine out with my fashionable
friends. Consider the great gulf that Hes be-
tween us. It is true, it is not impassable. But
I am not prepared to come over to you at
present. It remains for you to consider whether
you can forego your rehgious associations to ac-
commodate me.'
" William, with a sorrowful countenance and
heavy sigh, observed that he would consider the
matter. A few days after, in a heartless and
reluctant manner, he requested the leader to
have his name erased from the class-book,
when the preacher came round. The leader,
supposing he was laboring under some cruel
temptation of the enemy, urged him to confide
in his integrity, and unbosom all his sorrows.
The more solicitous the leader was to dissuade
him from his purpose, the more earnestly he
pressed his suit. The preacher, judging from
the vehemency of his manner, that all was not
right, and that it might be more creditable to
the Church to let him go, granted his request.
" It was not long before he stood before
Eliza and renewed his suit. She observed,
' You are aware of the only difficulty that lies
182 THE EMIGRANTS.
in the way — ' Before slie finished the sen-
tence, he exclaimed, with a smile, ' 0, tha^t is
removed — my name is taken from the book — I
am no longer a Church member/ The young
lady fell back in her chair. A deadly paleness
overspread her face, and, with quivering lips,
she said, ' I will never consent to marry you
while the world stands. It is true, I am wild
and irreligious ; but the pious instructions of
my parents, the religious opportunities I have
had, the many heart-searching sermons which
I have heard, have for a long time disturbed
my peace, and have determined me not to
choose death. In view of my natural prone-
ness to ruin, I had determined to marry none
but a man who would help me to save my soul.
I had flattered myself that you were such a
character, but thought it would be safe to try
your steadfastness. When the proposal to
leave your class was first made, if you had re-
jected it with a manly and holy indignation,
you would have received my hand on the spot.
When you promised to consider the matter, I
saw an indecision of character that made me
tremble But even after so many days' delib-
CONCLUSION. 183
eration, if you had returned and said that you
loved Zion above your chief joy — then I could
have confided my life in your hands. But the
die is cast. You will please never mention
the subject again, forever.'
" We hope the reader will never realize the
anguish of the rejected suitor. The Church
avoided him as an insincere and dangerous
character. The w^orld, more cruel, reserved
him as a standing target of ridicule. Some
think that a compromising course, in religious
matters, is most likely to win over their irreli-
gious friends and connections. Hence, they
have relaxed their fervor in the services of the
sanctuary. They have admitted the propriety
of things which were doubtful, and shaped their
profession too much in conformity with the
views of the world. This, we will admit, has
often warded ofip persecution, and has some-
times restored peace in families ; but it is a
peace that impoverishes piety, enervates the
soul, and is always bought at the expense of the
cross and kingdom of Jesus Christ. We doubt
whether this vascillating policy has ever saved
a soul ; steadfastness and decision of faith
184 THE EMIGRANTS.
have, and always will, where salvation is pos-
sible."
Every emigrant must expect to see a trying
hour — a trial of his steadfastness. The narra-
tive just given illustrates the nature of this
trial, however diverse may be the circumstan-
ces. Somehow the real character will be de-
veloped. If allegiance to the government is
hearty, if Zioii is loved above the chief joy, if
no bribes can lead to a moment's hesitation
whether to betray its interests, then there is
reliability — no indecision of character to make
one tremble for the safety of the person or his
cause.
Every conceivable measure is taken to influ-
ence emigrants to forsake the standard of their
Sovereign. Beelzebub understands full well,
from the experience of thousands of years, that
this is an efiicient means of weakening the
strength and reputation of Christ's kingdom.
Every one is forewarned of the danger from this
source. All are told that they will have to
pass some perilous scenes ; when, if they are
not suddenly surprised and taken off, or bribed
by offers of rich rewards, or fascinated by fair
CONCLUSION, 185
appearances, or captured in hot fight, it will
be by the watchful care and ever-present help
which their Sovereign Lord proffers, and they
accept. If at any time one ventures to meet
these hostile forces alone, or in a way differ-
ent from his instructions, he is sure to be taken.
He must act the soldier in obedience, and the
soldier in the heat of battle.
But it is supposed that all who emigrate
have counted the cost ; and it is a wonder that
any should fail to profit by their warnings, and
to be braced against yielding to be overcome in
the hour of trial. Why not recollect in the
very midst of the severest conflict, that this is
just what was anticipated ; that this is the very
crisis for which much previous preparation has
been made, the crisis by which to step to the
higher honors and confidence in the kingdom ?
What would soldiers be good for, however well
trained by their manoeuverings, and however
well equipped, if they would not stand, and
fight, and conquer, in the heat of battle?
What would a country full of people avail to
a Sovereign, if, when his kingdom is menaced
by a foe, they could not be relied upon as his
14
186 THE EMIGRANTS.
fast friends ? Could a country prosper if the
people maintained their attachments only while
no adverse influences tried its strength ?
A Sovereign and a people Avho should show
themselves held together by no stronger bonds
than these indicated^ would exert but a very
feeble influence upon a neighboring people, to
induce them to annex themselves. A failure
of any individual to stand firm in his attach-
ments to his chosen home, exerts a most de-
structive influence upon the opinions and con-
fidence of neighboring friends, in regard to the
desirableness of that home. Upon every emi-
grant it may then be urged, both for your own
sake and the sake of your friends, he firm.
3. Your course shows what leading motives
actuate you.
You have sought and found your present
home. Do the same motives still reign with
you which actuated your removal ? Or, having
succeeded thus far, do you change your princi-
ples of action, and no longer act from a con-
trolling regard to the rights of your Sovereign
as connected with your eternal good ; but
rather let selfish principles come in, leading to
CONCLUSION. 187
seek personal ease and present enjoyment, ac-
cording to inclinations? Are you now crea-
tures of circumstances and of strongest influ-
ences ? If so, your motives of action will be
as changeable as the uiotive power dependent
on the shifting winds. You will be drawn by
motives in diverse ways. You cannot be relied
upon to stand to any position of duty or right
assigned to you. To-day you nip.y be regular
subjects of the kingdom ; to-morrow, deserters.
You cannot thus have the noble motives of
patriotism and human friendshij) actuating
you. Your motives must be low. You seek
for indulgence of appetites, or passions, or ac-
tions in rebellion against God, such as are pra<j-
ticed only by a fallen, degraded race. You seek
satisfaction which no being in God's universe
would think of calHng good, except those
dwelling on earth in a fallen state. You your-
selves, when you pass, by and by, from earth,
will not look upon those things which you now
call enjoyments, as at all desirable. You seek
earth-born pleasures, nurtured in sin ; such as
cannot continue in another world. And for
these you leave the begun enjoyments of heav-
188 THE EMIGRANTS.
en's supply, adapted to satisfy your immortal
natures, in Christ's kingdom. Certainly no-
thing less than tliis can be said of the motives
which lead an individual away from allegiance
to Christ. They are motives low as earth, and
degraded as the fields of Sin ; they cannot be
unearthly and eternal motives. When you
pass beyond earth you will find nothing to fill
the place of these motives which you have
while on earth. You must then exist and suf-
fer, without a motive — no worthy end of living
in view. 0 how you will then wish to cease to
be. But nothing will be found upon which to
rest the aims or hopes. A dark blank will be
there — no motive to invite pursuit in any di-
rection.
For nothing less than this are you going who
forsake allegiance to Christ's kingdom ; who
are drawn off by any motives whatever. Look
well to the thoughts and intents of your hearts,
if you would not make the first move toward
your final ruin. Venture not to look down at all
with desire upon earthly enjoyments, or sinful
offers. Eeach not after them, ever. Kise over
them in your aims of life. Have motives
CONCLUSION. 189
worthy of your positiorij as subjects of a
heavenly empire ; worthy of your God-like
capacity ; worthy of your immortality. Grasp
not for a phantom to lose a reality.
If you persist through all trials, to go on as
faithful emigrants — as adopted citizens in
Christ's kingdom, your motives are certainly
higher than those which actuate animals ;
higher and nobler than sinful. Nothing of sin
is sought for. The soul is in full stretch above
and beyond the fields of Sin. The thoughts
are fixed on acts manifesting love to the Lord.
The motives are patriotic. You love your
country — your Kuler. Any toil, any sacrifice,
anything building up the kingdom, is practiced
with delight. Nothing is allowed to divide the
affections.
And all this in this kingdom's prosperity, is
in plain connection with ardent love to fellow
men. Philanthropy and friendship are exercised ,
as if no other object of living were had. The
faithful citizens live for the good of others, —
that they may be brought to share the same
blessings with themselves. Who can find fault
with this way of living — living to make the
190 THE EMIGRANTS.
world liapp}" ? It is not living in vain. It is
a more noble motive of life than to live to make
a fortune of earthly treasm-es. These people
mean to do good. They try. They contrive
how. They seek instruction for this. Their
very efforts exert a flivorable influence upon
those they Avould benefit, though they may not
appear to themselves to succeed. Their mo-
tives are good, and God approves. They are
of the same nature as those with which angels
live. Angels do not pass on in existence to get
money, or to gather farms or merchandise as
their own, or to get reputation for extensive
knowledge, or to obtain influence over the opin-
ions of others, or to indulge any such feelings
as are enjoyed by sinful men in eating, or
drinking, or seeing, or hearing. They live to
enjoy pleasures, above any such, nobler and
richer. And these emigrants seek to enjoy as
angels do. This is one aim of their life. They
have motives different from their sinning neigh-
bors. They have got their attention upon an
object of life which will not cease to move them
when the earth is burned up. If there is
nothing worthy of living for, only that which is
CONCLUSION. 191
embraced in the motives of wicked men, why
should they desire to exist when the earth is no
more? But these emigrants Hve for a good
wliich will never perish. In its nature the good
they seek is eternal. It is satisfaction to their
immortal part — the soul.
Now if these 23atriotic, philanthrojDic, angel-
ic, eternal motives, are yours through life, your
life will not be spent in vain. You will get a
real good, and will do good. How is this?
Are you hesitating whether to devote your all
as faithful subjects of your chosen Sovereign?
Let nothing divide your affections, nor prevent
your whole life being spent in a way the most
successful to promote Christ's universal sway.
Do not forget that upon your exertions, chiefly,
it depends whether your relatives and friends,
now ground down under Satan's oppression,
ever come over to enjoy the blessings of Christ's
kingdom.
THE EMIGMNTS.
^11 A-llegory;
Or, Christians ts. the AVorld. By Ret. Wesley Coch-
ran, A. M.
12mo., pp. 220. Price ^0 50
-11 " Gilt edges 0/5
The work is one of more than usual promise and excellence.
It is like John Bunyan, a Christian Allegory, which, from the
beauty of its style, happy conception of character, and impress-
ive and mstructive lessons, is worthy to be extensively read.
—Geneva Courier.
In the present work the author has succeeded in managing
his characters and tracing his analogies with considerable skill.
We commend the work as teaching many useful lessons in a
pleasant manner. — Zion.s Herald.
There is truth, power, and effectiveness in this little volume.
It is a gem of richness to every emigrant sailing on the sea of
time, or travehng by land to the shores of a distant eternity.
The conception, taken from the yearly rush of emigrants to our
shores, their soUcitude to bring over the friends they have left
behind, and our duty to them, is a most happy one, and is car-
ried out with fehcitous effect. The reader cannot but be inter-
ested, instructed, and made better by its perusal, and taught
thereby that his life should be one of active exertion for the
good and salvation of his neighbor. It should be in the hands
of every ioxm^j.— American Spectator.
From a careful lookmg through the volume, we conclude that
the author has attained his end in a pleasant, instructive, and
very intelligent manner, and cannot help furthering its designed
object. — Utica Teetotaler.
The writer has adopted a style of composition which is espe-
cially difficult, since the amazingly popular and successful effort
THE EMIGRANTS.
of John Bunyan, to present the truths of religious doctrine and
experience by allegory. Indeed, we have supposed that this
style of writing required an inspiration almost divine, and which
is given only occasionally at great intervals in the history of
society. But Mr. Cochran seems to have imbibed this spirit,
and has presented here a work which cannot fail to produce an
effect upon the spiritual well-being of those for whose benefit
it is designed. The power of temptation, the sad effects of sin
and the inevitable ruin it works, are described in an interesting
and impressive manner ; as are also the duty and obligations of
Christians with reference to themselves and their friends. —
Susquehanna Journal,
This is a very readable volume, and a highly successful effort
in a line that has exhibited no compeer to the prince of allego-
rists, Bunyan. The author has been a close observer of men
in every state of mind, and under almost every variety of influ-
ences, and has drawn portraits that will be recognized. His
work will do good. — Religious Becorder.
It contains valuable Christian instructions, which may be read
with profit. — Pittsburgli Christian Advocate.
The analogy between emigration to America and emigration
to heaven is here traced. The idea is a novel one, and very
well illustrated. — Genesee Evangelist.
The book is well written, and cannot fail to give the reader
both pleasure and profit. — Guide to Holiness.
This is an interesting work, and full of instruction. The al-
legory is well sustained, and must rank high among this class
of works. Its style is excellent, and its sentiment cannot but
improve the heart and life. — Rev. R. W. Allen.
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CONVERSATIONS ON PALESTINE.
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STORY OF ANNA THE PROPHETESS.
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THE JEW AMONG ALL NATIONS.
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THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN
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UNCLE WILLIAM AND HIS NEPHEWS.
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MY GRANDFATHER GREGORY.
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MARY ; OR, THE YOUNG CHRISTIAN.
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WE ARE SEVEN;
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THE HAND.
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PLEASANT PATHWAYS ;
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One of the most beautiful works, in our estimation, ever published. Its
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PiiUiburgh Christian Advocate.
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Beauty ofRolinexK
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fail to learn its great lessons. — Christia/ti Advocate.
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PALISSY THE POTTER;
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purified, molded, or enameled his handful of clay; though his living
groups, his crawlintr reptiles, his slimv snails, his slippery frogs, bis lively
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dishes, ewers, and salt-cellars — those quaint and elaborate ornaments of
the tables and cupboards of the sixteenth century; it is true nothing
would have been wanting to the art of Phidias or of Michael Angelo — to
the porcelain of Sevres, of China, of Florence, or Japan ; but we should
not have had his life for the operative to admire and imitate. — Lamartine.
THE RAINBOW SIDE:
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THE POET PREACHER:
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WORDS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD ;
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MY SISTER MARGARET.
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14
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