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Vrnmi
60001 SS30K
l^ibi^ ti.5b
ENGLISH BOTANY;
COLOURED FIGURES
BRITISH PLANTS,
WITH THEia
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERS. SYNONYMS, |
AND PLACES OF GROWTH.
TO WHICH WILL BB ADDED,
OCCASIONAL REMARKS,
JAMES EDWARD SMITH, M.D. F.R.S.
UmBaS OF THB lUP. ACAD. MATUBJB CVBIOSnuuK, Tl
ACtOEMIBS OP STOCKHOLM, UPSAL, TUKIM,
tllSOIt.LUMD, BBBLIN, PKILADBtfUl A, AND
TUB VAT. HIIT. WCIBTV OP FAKig;
THE FIGURES BY
JAMES SOWERBY. F.L.S.
LONDON:
And fold hv ihc Proprietor, J. Sowf.rby, at No. i, Mc^d Plao
Lambeth; bv Miffr^ Whii t, Flect-ll'etr ; juhN'os, St.
Md by >IJ BoikfcUers, ic. in xUn and Couiur^. '
[ 2496 ]
HYPNUM subtile.
Siender Feather-moss.
1
CRYPTOGAMIA Musci.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaty
sheath. Outer fringe of l6 teeth, dilated at the
base : inner a variously- toothed membrane. P'eil
smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping, with slender thread-
shaped branches. Leaves lanceolate, acute, rib-
less, rather loosely spreading. Capsule erect.
Lid conical.
SvN. Hypnum subtile. Hnffm. Germ. v. 2. 70.
Dicks. Cry pt. fast. 4. IJ. Sm. Fl. Brit. I277.
Turn. Muse. Hib. 135.
Leskea subtilis. Hedw. S/t. Muse. 23t. Crypt, v. A.
33. t. 9. _
W ET (litugtioiia, about the roots of trees, and watery gravelljT
heaths, produce this moss, but the capsules do not often occur
in England. We are obliged to take them from a German spe-
cimen of Mr. Turner's. The vcn' sletider, creeping, entangled
■terns throw up numerous, erect, short, extremely slender, round,
almost always simple, branches, composing fiue matted tufts.
The leaves are tight yellowish green, loosely clothing the branches,
spreading every way, lanceolate, very acutely pointed, entire,
destitute of rib or veins ; and the scales of the sheath are like
them, but more concave ; both apjKar reticulated, with oblong
interstices, under a microscope. The hoiitstalks ore capiUary
and reddish, hardly an inch high, ascending. Capsule either
t]uite erect, or, when ripe, sometimes slightly inclining, cylindrical^
wide -mouthed, quite smooth and even, light brouTi, Lidconica],
short and reddish, according to Hednig, who, finding the inner
fringe with 16 simple e<iual teeth, refers this moss to his Leskea^
a genus we do not adopt.
V
/
'■i
r
[ 9O06 ]
HYPNUM pulcliclluni.
Beautiful Tufted Feathcr-tnog*.
CarPTOGJJJU Una.
Gex. Char. Capt. ov3Te-obloog, from a lateral scaly
Bhcath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base :
inner a t'aiiouslv'toothed mcnibrane. feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Sten'^ erect, lufisd. Branches cylindrical,
ample. Leaves on:o- lanceolate, taper-pointed, r^
less, scnnewhat incltniog to ooe side. Capsule up-
right. Lid conical.
Syn. Hvpnum pulcheihun Dicks. Cnipl.Jaxe. 2. 13.
t.. <>'./: 6. /I.Skc.rmc.O.'J^. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1277.
fl'tih. S47. Htd'i. 26:t. Turn. Miuc. Hit. 136.
Leskca puldiella. IJtMi. Sp. Mute. 22a /. 55.
/-7-12.
Gathered )•» MimiBcrbyMr.Borrer and Mr. Hooker
in the IX-n of Rrcliip, [Vnh:!iirc, already cdcbrated Jo bo-
tanic story for producing Coiualiaria verlicUlataf t. ISS.
This i» truly an dr^nt muss, consisting of dense tufts, an
inch and hjdf hig!i, cunspicuous For their light and sploidtd
grcci) colour, llic branches are numerous, alienuie, up-
right, simple and c\lindrical. Leaves imbricated, rather in-
clining to one side, shining, ovato-lancetrfate, concave, en-
>
f
k •
♦V>:
•' 4
HVPNUM polyanthos.
Thread-shaped Feather-moss,
CRYPTOGAMIA Mutd.
Gen. Char. Caps. o%-ate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Ofc/(T fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
inxwa variously-tootbed membrane, f'eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping, much branched, routid.
Leaves lanceobte, taper-pointed, imbricaicd, erect,
without ribs. Capsule erect. lid pcnnted.
Sth. Hypnum polyamhos. Schreh. Lips, 97. Sm. FL
Brit. I'iTS. Ttmu Muse, Hit. 137.
H. fiUforroe. HutU. 497-
H. filidr.-.liuni. Lrntu Mant. % 310.
H. aiifoUum. Jf'iih. 862. Hull. 273.
H. sericeum ranmeius et tenuius, capsulb acununatis.
DM. MufC. S27. t. *2.J. 6-2. Hert. Dill.
H. repens irichoides terrestre viridius minus, capilulis
cernuis, minus tumidts. Rait Syn. 84.
Leskea polyantha. Hedtc. Sp. Abac. 229. Crypt.
I 4. 4. t. 2.
I_ eiilonuis. Sitth, 303.
A FREQUENT species about miiim wood and old ireca,
boring cajmiles in the early sprioe.
Stems cicrping, entaaeled, in acii5e patches, ihrouine up
many slender, cvlindnca], leaK-, often pinnaicd, brancne*.
Ixavrs vriih a sitky gloss, light yetloui^h green, small, iiii-
bricaicd cvcrv way, rarely inclined a lilttc to one side, Idn-
ceolaic, hroait, entire, ending iu a lung taper point, but with-
out any rib ur vein. Their reticul«ti"ns are oblong ajid linear.
ShcalKs numcmui, long, pale; their li-atit long-pointed.
Fniiuialk halt' an indior more in lenitth, erect, red, spiral
Vfhcn dn". Capsule npnghi, c\lindrical inclining (u an el-
liptical ^i!iirc, rather narrow mixithed, rcd-bni.' n, i'mouih.
Ijd Convex. »iih a longish bt-ak, as fij^ured bv nillmlns;
Mr. Tiimcr justly obscr»i< that Grnnan speeinitns have a
■horler lid, as rrprcinntcd by Hed«.g, and we lind it so in
Swiss ones, yet there seems no other difiirvnce. lis length
varies with hs.
In the tirsi edition of Hudson JiHciforme was printed by
mittakc hxjiiijvnnr ; htaxx arose the above conlusion otuames.
\
\a
n
i
V'
[ 2420 ]
HYPNUM attenuatum.
Taper-branched Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mutci.
Gen, Char. Caps, ovale-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringcof 16 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously-toothed membrane. Veil smooth .
Spec. Char. Stem much branched. Branches in-
curved. Leaves ovate, pointed, imbricated, single-
ribbed ; the upper ones rather leaning one way.
Capsule erect. Lid conical.
StN. Hypnutn attenuatum. Schreb. Lips. 100.
Dicks. Crypt, fasc. 9. 13, Sm. Fl. Brit. 1979.
JVith. 8G0. HuU. 272.
H. repens trichodes arboreum majus, cauIicuHs ra-
mosis. Dill. Muse. 331. t. 42. f.GCt.
Lexkta attenuata. Hcdw. Sp. Jilusc. S90. Cri/pt.
V. I. 33. t. 12.
bUCII a» we have only can we here present to our friends.
Oilleniiu never saw tLe fruit of this moss, nor liave wc more
than one aged capsule, on the specimen given by Mr. Dick-
ton, gathered by him on (ruiiks of trees in Scotland. It ac-
cordi rzactly with the specimens of Dillenius, and, if we ore
not mocb mistaken, with some, datilute of froclificatioji, sent
by Dr. R. A. lledwig.
Tbe flenM are very much branched, leafy, ascendini;, en-
langlaJ, tbe branches and their extremities incurred. Leaves
twilwllrint every way, close-pressed when dry, dulNgreen, or
iMmoyf ante, broad, short, entire, sin^le-ribbcd, taper-point-
id ; tbe sppCT ones rather curved, (he same way as ibe branch.
§ktalht pde. I-'niitstuUc an inch high, wavy, dark red. Cap-
Mrfe met, cylindrical or somewhat ovale. Lid, according to
IMwtff noch tborter (ban tbe cajisulc, conical, obtuse,
(
1
i
r
[ 1274 1
HYPNUM medium.
Long-headed Feather-mou.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mttd.
Gem. Char. Capt. ovate-oblong, fix>m a lateral scal^
-dieath. (hUer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the
base: itmer a Tariouslj-toothed membrane. FeU
SOKXlth.
Spbc. Char. Stem creepmg. Branches scattered.
Leaves ovato-Unceolate, acute, single^ieiTed, iiD>
^_< — J Capsule cyUiidrical, sfa^itl^ «»lliprira?^
Stw. HTpnum medimn. Didu. (^J/pt. ftuc. 2. IS.
5m. FL Brit. 1281. ^Itk. 847. HdL SG9.
R tricbodes, capeulis obkagb k setts breriotftas.
DUL Afitfc. SSI. t. 4S: /. 65.
Leskea pt^caiin. /fec&r. S^ Mac, 925.
]i^ DICKSON dMCOToed thii Hgpmm oa Uk tnmks of
ticci in ScotUnd, and Mr. Tcmpleton bu dbaentd it in Ir-
Our spedmen*, the oolf Ei^liih am we
hjTC ever seen, vm pithetvi by the Rer. Dr. Abbot «bom
\
t 1922 ]
HYPNUM inundatuni.
Marsh Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Muui.
Gem. Char. Cap*, ovate-oblong, from a lateral acalj
sbeath. Oti^er/rm^eof 16 teeth, dilated at the base:
timer a variouKly-tootbed memtHane. Feil smoodu
Spec. Char. Stem creefung. Branches erect. Leaves
ovate, concaTe, nogle-iibbed, somewhat inclining
to CXK sidck CajMule cjlindiical, erect.
Stm. Hypnum irwditam. Oiiit. Crypt, fasc. ^11.
Sm. Ft. Brit, 1S81. 7W«. JWmc Hib. 143.
H. heteiophylliim aquaticum, polycephalum, repeos.
Dill. Muse. 293. /. 37./. 27, B.
Ledtea paludosa. lAdw. Sp. Atusc. S21. Crypt.
V. 4. J. /. 1.
GaTHER£I> bv the Ute Bfr. W. Pni^nn opoa trees in
rimkts aear Ripoa, Yorksbiic The Ute' Mr. R. TecKlale
obacncd the wdc on the tnmki of willows, chiefly about tbe
looo, in Yorkshire, Wihshire, and at Ouswick near Londoo,
bearii^ capsule* from June lo September. Oar spcciaieiu all
Diik-nms. tad ^uh what Dr. Sw
/
7
[ 1*^5 ]
HYPXUM sericeum.
CRYFTOGAMU J
Gen. Ch&b. Capt. orate-oblong, from a hteral aolf
she^b. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dUtfed at die
base: imur a variousty-tootbed membrane. Fat
smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping. Branches adscending,
crowded. Leaves oii'ate, pointed, erect, wcAi three
nerves. Lid conkaL
Syx. Hrpnoin sericeum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1595. Sm.
Fl. Bril. 1282. Huds. SOS. fTith. 864. Hull.
274. Rdh. 430. jiibot.iSl. Curt. Lond.fasc.2.
t. 69.
H. vulgare sericeam recumim, c^isiiGs ere^ co^k*
datis. IhiL Muse S2S. t. 42./. 59.
H. repens trichoides lerrestre luteo-virens ndgare nu'
jus, cajutuUs erectis. Raii Syn, 84.
Leskea sericea. Hedx. Sp. ^/ttsc. 228. Ciypt. v. 4.
43./. 17.
Neckera sericea. Sitth. 305.
r
IIYPNUM ilfndroides.
Tree-shaped Feather-moss.
CRYPTOG^MIA Musci.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously-toothed membrane, f'eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem erect, simple. Branches clustered,
terminal. Leaves ovate, single-ribbed, finely ser-
rared. Lid pointed. Capsules erect.
SvN. Hypnum dendroides. Linn, S/). PI. 1593. Sm.
Ft. lira. 1283. Huds. .503. IVUh. SSi). HuJl.
272. Rflh. 430. Abbot. 250. Dkhs. Dr. \
PI, 96. //. She. fuse. !3. 21. Ehrh. Cnjbt. 16. I
Turn, Muse, IM. 138.
TI. dendroides sericeum, setis et capsulis longioribus
ea-ctis. DHL Miwo:, 313. /. 40. /. 48.
II. crectum, arbusculam referens, ramulis subrotundis
ccmferiim nasceniibus. liaii Si/ti. 81.
r* OUND in moiBt shady woo(l.s and bogify gMssN' jiasltirts,
producing it'i Iruit, (hi>iigh very rareivi in spring, summer^
oranunini. Mr. Muckay gathered ourspecimensun the island
III' hincsl'ullcii, Kilbriicy, in August 1803, at which (imesuDie
t'ap^uk'fl were quite ripe, others ]ust bi^nnin^ to swell.
I'hc spcvifs hi'fofv us is rrodily known by its tpcr-likc fonn
ul' growth, whicli givvs il n pretty and peculiar aspect. The
nxit* arc long and creeping. Stems solitary, simple and scaly.
HmiK'hv'' cluitervd, cylindrical, straight, acute, covered with
imhririticd shining icurs, which vary in colour, and arc ovate,
ruiher niiimiely serrated, Inmisbed with a rih and 9 tuDgiiu-
diiitil pln'is. Sheftth cylindricat. Capsules erect, slenderly
rlllplii'dl. I-id conieal, pointed. Inner Inntjc divided almost
It) till* liM*!^ inia uniform slender teeth : hence Swanz h^ re^
fernul il u> NKltrra ; and his opinion is sanctioocdby the co-
luur Mid lextuK of the part io questioa.
\ i ■ 1
[ 1^ ]
HYPXIM curvatum.
CMrvt-hrmtched Busky Ftatker-mim.
CXTFTOGAMU 3l»*i.
Gem. Chak. Cap$. orxc-dbHoag, from a htoal solf
sfaeadL Oti/A-y>nfraf 16tc«tfa,(fibadattbebase:
hmer a TaiitNElj-taadied manbmie. Feilstnooth.
Spec Char. Stem creqa^. Bfaadies dostend, in-
cnrreiL Lans riHptical, cooare, ouire, smgfe-
liibed. Lid tapering. Cf""*^ oecL.
Stk. Iljiaiiuu ciuiatiua. Sttartz. 3iv€. Suec 64.
Sm. Ft. Brit. 12S«. Didt. Crypt, fate. 4. 18.
Tvm. ihuc at. 139L
H. uinisimiiW BeAt. Sp. .Uuc 966L Crypt.
I. -4. Sa r. 8. Hudt. 50S, 3.
R mroGDiao. ITtik. S6J. /&//. 974.
H- mypniiniBttp^ ^ iy«|iyn«^ rapiQiItt crcctiB. Dill,
Muse. 316. /. 41. /. so.
H. repeos, tmi^ularibus angusds foGs, lamnUs sub-
iDCuodis. Dill, in Rait Sym. 33.
Very frequent od the tnmks of tree;, more pmiculirly lo
■/•*t-Mr C«tt
II YPXU M mjosuroides.
Mottse-tait Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mttci.
GtN. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scalj
sheaih. f^/tr/nn^eof 16 treth, dilated at the base:
ijuier a %-ariousl)'-loothed membrane. Feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping. Branches clustered, in-
curved. Leaves lanceolate, pcsnted, serrated, sin-
gk-ribbed. Capsule drooping as it ripens.
Syn. Hypnum myosuroides. Linn. Sp. PL 1596.
Sm. FI. Bril. 1285. Ifuds. 507. fVith. 865.
Hull. 274. Relk. 431. jibtot. 251. Dtm,
Muse. Hit. I40.
H. myosuroides teouius, capsulis nutantibus. Dill.
Misc.Sll. t. 41. /. 51.
II. pol)-anthon, triangulaiibus angusds foliis. Dill, m
Raii Si/H. 85.
Leskia myosuroides. Sttik. 303.
i t.£NTIFUL on timetoDe rocks in movmainoiu countrica,
hearing fruit in the spring and summer. Mr. Turner gathered
uur (jtrcimcn in Angksn.
Tl)i* «|Kvic9 differs from H. arnvtanm, t. \ 566, in not being
aXwvt liiilf so brgr, and iu hsvtng narrower and K-ss concave
kiive*, whivh are finely Aerraied. The capsules mnreorer are,
when lliry begin to ripen, no longer perfardy erect, as in (he
I'urrgoing, hut become inclined or droc^ng ; insomuch that
l)ir cloic affinity of these two species in habit and general
■tnit-liire can alone juitify us in placing the present in that
■ivllim of its grmis distinguished by upright capsules. It
niuit howrUT Itc remarki-d that ihcic capsules droop only by
a U'tKl m (heir slalkn, am) arc not of themselves arcuate or in-
i-otvril. The lid is shorter than in H. cutraiMm, and a little
lirtil.
itrica, 1
hered i
I
[ 1620 ]
HYPNUM nigro-viride.
Dark-green SUk^ Featker-mttts.
CRYPTOGAMU 1
Gen. Char. Cap*, ovate-otdong, from a lalenl scaly
sheath. Oul«r/riii^e(rf^ 16 teeth, dflated at the base:
iiin«r a Tariously-toothed membniie. FeilsmocA.
Spec. Char. Stem {nDcnmboit, pinnated. Learesorate,
pointed, coocaTe, riUess, slightly curred to ooe aide.
Lid ccMiical, pointed.
Sm. Hrpnum nigio-nride. Dicit, Crypt-Jiuc.^ 18.
Sm. Ft. Bril. 128J. Turn. Muc. Hit. 141.
IL myosuraides i. Huds. SOS, w. 2. ff^ith. 865.
OiIL 274.
H. myosornides sericeum tenuiiis, capsulis oectis.
DUL Muse. 318. t. 41,/ 53.
f OR the ipecinKD here repmcntnl ve aic obliged to Ouries
[ 1446 ]
HYPXUM Donnianum.
Donnian Featker-mou.
CRYPTOGJJSIJ Mma.
Geh. Char. Capt. orate-obloDg, from i latoal scalf
sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the
base : inner a variously-toothed membrane. Feil
smooth.
Spec. Char. Stems tufted, ample or divided, bearing
fruit from their base. Leaves imbricated every way,
ovate, without nerves. Capsule cylindrical, sect.
SvN. Hypnum Donnianum. Sm. FL Brit. 1286.
We believe this moss has never been noticed by any otba
botanist than Mr. G. Donn, who found it, in August IBM,
on a bank by the side of a rivulet, upon the hi^ mountains
of Cairngorm (vulgarly called Coram Gonim) in InvemeiS'
■hire, nor ha« he sem it ehewhere-
The whole plant has a pale-green shining silky appeannce.
Tlic Items in the specimens described in H. Brit, were aiai|der
f
s
<i •
[ 1492 ]
HYPNUM complanatum.
Flat Feathei'-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Miud.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe oi 16 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously-toothed membrane. Feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem pinnated. Leaves in two ranks,
obtuse with a little point, compressed, without a
nerve. Lid beaked, oblique. Sheath elongated.
SvN. Hypnum complanatum. Lmn. Sp. PL 1588. Sm.
11. Brit. 1286. Huds.*95. fVttk. S44. Hull. 26S.
Re!li.43i. Abbot,2^4^ Lighlf. yi2. Turn.
Mw!c. Hib. 1+4.
H. pemiatum compressum et splendens, capsuUs 0%'atis.
Dill. Miisc. 268. (. 34./ 7.
H. repens hlicifolium ramosum, ramulis appressis et
magis complanatis. Rati Syn. 87.
Leskea complanata. Htdw. Sp. Musc.2^1, Sibth,302.
Abundant in woods about the roots and stems of trees.
In the former sUualioa it often forms dense tufts ; in the
Utter it is pressed close to the bark. In either case the whole
plant is singularly flat, as it' it had been placed between the
IcavcN of a book. The fructificaiion is produced in March or
April, but by no means generally.
Each planl is aboiU 4, i, or more inches in length, doubly
pinnated, the hranches two-ranked as well as the leaves, which
arc closely imbricated, compressed, ovate-oblong, obtuse,
ailirc, without vein or nerve, of a pale shining green, mem-
hraiioui, lipped with a small point. The young points of the
br*ntlirs arc often long and uper, bearing a few, more distant,
li-«vc». SlK-alhi. alwui a third of the length of the fruit-stalks,
whu'h 4rc blender, nd upwards. Capsule erect, eUiplical,
short. I-id ohliiiucly hcakcd.
r-
[ U93 ]
H Y P N U M trichomanoides
Blunt Fem-Uke Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGJMIA Wiuci.
^^H
^^H
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheaih. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base :
inner a varioudy-loothed membrane. fW/ smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem imperfectly pionated. Branches all
obtuse. Leaves in two ranks, scimitar-shaped, pdnt-
less, without a nerve. Ud awl-shaped. Sheath short.
Syn. Hypnum trichomanoides. Schrek. Lips. 88. 5m.
FLBHl. 1287. fFilfuS^. HuJL 26S. Relh.*31.
Turn. Muse. ITib. 1+5.
H. complanatum 0. Uuds. 49j.
H. pennatum trichomanoides splendens ramosum.
Dill. Mtixc. 269. (. 34./. 8.
H. ereclum fyidfolium ramosum, pinnulis obtusis.
Dill, in Rail S^a. 87-
Leskea trichomanoides. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 231.
Sil-lh, 303. _^__^___
L/N the trunks oF trees or on the ground, bearing capsules
in February or March. Our specimens were gathered ai
Sludlcy near Rippon, by Mr. W. Brunton, who jusdy re-
marks that the much shorter sheath of the fruit-stalk serves
well lo distinguish this moss from the preceding, of which
Hudson made it a variety. The stems moreover are mudi
•horitr, and less regularly pinnated. Branches not running
out into a taper point. Leaves slightly recurved into the form
of a scimitar, a little convex, with scarcely any point. They
have bct-n thought finely serrated, but we believe it to be an
optical deception occasioned by iheir reticulated texture. The
lid of the capsule is longer and slenderer than in H. ccmpla-
matum. The '.niier fiingcis^ u in that, simply and r^ulaily
looth^-d, which makes the chancier of Hednig's Letkca,
I
f
4
[ 1260 ]
IIYPNUM deaticulatum.
Sfiarp Fern-like Feather-moss
CRYPTOGJMU ATwd.
Geh. Char. Cafu, orate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheatb. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the
base: inner a raiiouslr-toothed membrane. Feit
smooth.
Spec. Char. Leaves two-ranked, ovata-lanceolate,
acute, entbe, wiAout a neire. Capsule cylindrical,
drooping. lid conicaL
Sn*. H}>pDum dcaiticulatum. Urn. Sp. PI. 1588.
Heda; Sp. Muse. 237- Crypt, v. 4. 81. t. 31.
Huds. 494. fFilh. 843. Hull. 267.
H. denticulatim pennatum, pinnulls duplicatis recurvis.
Dm. Muse. 266. t. 34. /. 5.
H. repens fiiidfolium non ramosum, pediculis et capt*
tulis longioribus ad radicem egrcdi^tibus, fbliolis
utrinque duplicatis. Rati Syn. 88.
r OUND in shady rather moist places, bearing its fruit in
March and April.
n(
^
■f
f /I
■"Sli
'/
■\
1261 ]
IlYPNUiM creniiliitum.
Creiiate Feal/ter-inoss.
S
CRYPTOGJMIA Umd.
Gei«" — Char. Caps, ovate^obloiig, from a lattral scaly
aliealh. Outer fringe oi 16 teeth, dilated at the
"base : inner a variously-toothed membrane. Fat
smooth.
SrE <:ir . Char. Stem creeping. Branches mostly simple.
Leaves imperfectly two-i-anked, ovate, acute, finely
notched, single-nerved. Lid conical.
iY>* - Hypnura crenulatuin. Sm. Ft. Brit. 1289.
^-eXTHERED near Newcastle by Mr. Winch. Wc are
™'*gei! lo Mr. Turner for Bpeclmejis, as well s.* for poiniing
J *"' t-lK characters which indicate it to be a Hpceics hitherto
F ""^•iescripi.
' *- is perennial, and appears to grow on roltcn wood or de-
*^J *^ bark of trees. It is next akin to II. denttculalum, but
S^r in siie and darker in colour. The stems creep to some
^^Ot, throwing up numerous, spreading, mostly simple
^**ches. Leaves imbricated in two principal rows, but lest
*^^<stly than in the last, shining, ovale, sharp -pointed, but
J
i»ti.
, not reticulated, luinulelycrenate, except at the
^*^, Fumished with a central ncr\e, which scarcely reaches
" *!ie point. Stalks red and shining, from a pale sheath.
^P>sule drooping and at h-ngth somewhat curved, of an cl-
'PtLic-cylindrical figure, brown, darker at tllt.■ba:^c. Lid coni-
fkl. Fringe reddish brown.
[ 1262 ]
■^
HYPNUM scrrulatum.
Serrulated Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mutes.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a Uleral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the
base : inner a \-ariously-toothed membrane, yeii
smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem much branched, creeping. leaves
ovato-lanceolaie, sharp-pointed, serrated, with a
single nerve at the base, lid awl-shaped.
Syn. Hypnum semilatum. Hedw. Sp. Mate. 238. ^ 60i
Sm. Ft. Brit. 1290.
lV E arc also obliged for specimens of this moss to Mr. Tur-
ner, who in the progress of his MorlC on Irish Moascs luu
kindly coniiniinicatcd to us many observations, especially evciy
Fact which could only be ascended by the authentic Hedwi-
^ian specimens in hie collection.
The //. strrulatum was received by the celebrated Hcdwig
from Pennsylvania. Our specimens were gathered in Trdand
by Dr. Scott ; nor is it very wonderful that an American pUm
should be found in that country, whose moist climate more-
over renders it fertile in mosses.
The roots appear to be perennial. ^Ith the time oF its
fructifying we are not acquainted. It is smaller than the
foregoing species, and much more branched. The leaves air
more or less perfectly two-ranked, deep-green, not shining,
ovato- lanceolate with a taper point, obscurely reticulated, un-
equally and finely serrated, furnished with a central nerve which
reaches only about half way from their ba»e. Stalks red aud
shining. Capsule drooping, ovalc-oblong. Ud awl-shipod,
by which this species is, as well as by the leaves, cleariy di-
stinguished from the two last. Fringe of a nisly red.
Mr. Turner, on the authority of a specimen judt received
from Mr. Dickson, thinks this moss may not be dt»linct from
his H. conftrtum.
A
M ^ A
W^\
c
'I
— 1
[ 2553 ]
'NUM Iffitfe-virens.
'-green Feather-moss. J
HYPNUM Iffitfe
Bright-green Feather-
CRYPTOGAMU Musei.
Gen. Char. Cops, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Oijteryrm^eof l6 teeth, dilated at thebase:
variously>toothed membrane. Feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem threadshaped, creeping. Braoches
scattered, nearly simple. Leaves ovate, acute,
finely serrated, single-ribbed. Lid flattisli.
Syn. Hypnum lite-virens. Sm. Fl. Brit. 129a
Turn. Muic. Hib. 149.
H. rotundifolium. Dicks. Crypt, fasc. 3. 10; ex-
cluding the synonym. With. 845. Hull. 368.
X OR this we are also indebted to Mr. Dickson, who gathered
it about the roots of trees in some Scottish woods. Dr. Srott
is sEud to have collected the same in Ireland. We cannot adopt
the synonym of Scopoli's rotundifolium, though there is a con-
siderabte likeness in his figure to ours ; but his iid is pointed,
ours flat.
The stems are slender, creeping and scaly, throwing i^ •
numerous, simple or divided, short, nearly lanceolate branches.
Licaves imbricated in two rows, bright green, o\-ate, acute,
finely serrated, with a fine central rib, scarcely nsible to the
end. Fruitstalk short, tawny. Sheath -leaves with a twisted
serrated point, but no rib. Capsule ovate, inclining, more or
less curved. Fringe brown. The lid is wanting in our present
specimen ; but we have found it, in another authentic one in
Mr. Turner's possession, nearly flat, with a small central pro-
^
^
i
--J-^'-
AM
t'^
[ 202 3
H Y P N U M iiitricatum^
Matted Hyfinum.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mupi.
Gin. Char. Capfule with a lid. reUUaooih, Fltmer-
Jiaik from a lateral tubercle invelted with Icalcs.
Spec. Char. Shoots creeping, with ftiortifh branches.
Leaves fprcading, lanceolate, taper-pointed. Cap-
fulcs urn-ftiaped, inclining, with a recurved beak.
SvN. Ilypnum intricatum. Schreb. Fl, U^f. 99. Dickf,
Cnpt.ftifc- 2. 10. ff^ilh.Bot.Arr.v. 3. 120.
X II IS mofd was firll dilcovered in England by Mr. Robert
'r«flilali.-, F.L.S. in fomc woods on the roulh-eall fide of the
river ut Matlock-bath, from whence Or. Smith feat it to Mr.
Dii-kfiin, and from his original fpecimens our figure was drawn.
s with Sclircbcr's dtfcriplion, and wiih the tlai
4
r
[ 3275 ]
HYPNUM ruscifolium. .
Long-beaked Water Featker-moss.
CRYPTOGJMU Miud.
Gtn. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a Utenl scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the
base : inner a variously-toothed membrane. Fal
smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched. Leaves ovate, acitt^
minutely serrated, single-ribbed, imbricated, ob-
scurely two-ranked. Od avl-shaped.
SvN. HypnumrusctfoUum. Dicht, Crypt./ascS. 10,
Sm. Fl. Brit. 1292. mth. 848. Hull. 269.
Relh. 433. Sibth, 297. Abbot. 246.
H. rutabulum S- Huds. 497.
H. riparioides. Hedw, Sp. Muse. 242. Crypi. v. 4.
10. t. 4.
H. foliis rusdformibus, capsulis subrotundis. DHL
Jldusc. 298. (. S8. / 31 i and t. 40. /. 44, A.
^ OT rare on stones, poets and mill-wbeels in rivera, beaing
fruit from March to September. Stems perennial, branched,
floating, black, varying in length according to the strength of
1 «^
.- /
T
J
[ 2034 ]
H Y P N U M SwarteiL
SwQTtzian Feather-
CRYPTOGAMU MilsH.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
Bheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base :
inner a variously-toothed membrane, feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem procumbent, much branched. Leaves
obscurely two-ranked, remote, ovate, finely serrated,
single-ribbed. Lid awlshaped, curved. Stalk, rough.
SvN. Ilypnum Swartzii, Turn. Muse. H'lb. 151. (. 14.
/. I. .Vm. Ft. Brit. 1293.
II. airo-vireiis. Swartz. Muse, Suec, 65; exduaTC
of the synonyms.
Mr. turner received this originally from Ireland.
ipccimciH wcrt guthen.'d by S. Hailstone, Esq. in Bell-bank
wund, ntu Bingky, Yorkshire.
TIk' Item* arc procumberil and creeping, much and irre-
gularly bmnched, divaricated and loosely spreading, yerf
•lender, leafy. Leaves of a more or le>B deep green, remote,
not imbricated, ipreading, not very accurately, in two rowt,
ovale, aeulc, slightly concave, single-ribbed, tincly and sharply
•vrraled. Sheaih pale, of numcrau.", recurved, lanceolate,
■crraled scales. Fniit-sialks scarcely an inch long, erect,
crimnni), rough with minute tubercles. Capsule ovsie, short,
■imooih, drvmping. Lid awlshaped, taper, the length of the
cupiiulc, slightly curved. Fringe of a lawny yellow.
It ha* been lately suggested to us that this may be only a
variety nf f/. pT,rUtnfum, t. WSi, the dtiTcrence in the dis- >
|iii*lliiin III' ihnr \tA\t% being, cenainly, rery slight. We
ctitniil, hit«rirvf, be convinced that Mr. Turner's Taricty ^,
whnM> True mil' atiuu w« hive not seen, it the same apecica
with auticr.
d
v/
If. A'
^
za-
r
[ "8i ]
HYPNUM undulatum.
Waved Feat her 'tnofs.
CRYPTOGAMIJ Mufii.
Gen. Char. Fringe double: outer of i6 lapering
teeth ; inner a toothed memhraiie- Flvwett la-
teral. Fuiil-Jlalk from a fcaly ihealh.
Spec. Char. Sicm procumbent, moderately branchedi
Leaves imbricated in two principal rows, waved,
entire, without a main rib.
SvK. Hypnum undulatum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1589.
Hedw. Sp, Mufc, 342. Hudf. 495. Jfifh. 849.
IJuU.iS^ Lightf.y^^. Dtckf.H.Sicc.faJc,S.%%.
Ebfb. Crypt. i6.
H. pcnnatum undulatum, lycopodii inOar fparfum.
Dill. Mufc. 371. t. 36. /. 1 1.
H. repens crifpum, cauliculis compreflis, lycopodii
in moreiii per lerram fparlis. Rail Syn. 88.
W E are happy to lay before the public a figure of this el«.
gant Hjipiium, which is very rarely found in frndificuioo,
and of which du plate occurs m the works of Hedwie. Ii u
peculiar to dry mountainous woods. The fruit we nave ob-
laiaed from Binglcy woods, Yorkfliire. by favour of the Rev.
Mr. Hailltonc, and it has alfo been obligmdy communicated
to us from Ireland, by Dr. Scott and Mr. Tcmpletoit. It it
produced from April to AuguH.
This fpecies is eafily known by its large (ize, and delicate
pale-green or whiiifh colour. The fiems grow prolirale, &nd
are irregularly, but not very copioutly, branched. Leavci
imbricated in two principal rows, compreOed, lanccilate, entire,
tranfverfcly waved, without a central rib, but with a pair of
minute vcinn at the bafe. Fniit-llalks fnlitary, each from k
lateral fcaly hud. Caphile oblonif, curved and furrowed when
ripe. Outer fringe of 16 (horlilh teeth ; inner a white mem-
brane cut into 16 narrow lee'h with n >tches bctweea tbcm.
Ijd with a curved beak not half fo long as the capfule.
HYPNUM spleiulens.
Shitting Tamarisk Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Masci.
Gen. Char. Cn/>j. ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Oitier fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base :
inner a. variously-toothed membrane, /e// smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem doubly pinnate, flatfish. Leaves
closely imbricated every way, ovate, concave,
nerveless, shining, tipped with a little point. Lid
awl-shaped, recurved.
SvN. Hypnum splendens. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 262. /. 67.
/ 6—9. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1295. Siblh. 295. TUm.
Miisc. Hib. 156.
H. parietinum. Huds. 499. With. 853. Hull. 271.
Light/. 151. Jielfi.iS*. Ml>ot.247.
H. filicinum, tamarisd foliis majoribus splendeniibus.
DHL Mii.sc. 274. t. 35./. 13.
H. repens filicinum, veluti spicatum. Rail Syii. 86.
r OUND ill dry wooJs and on mountainous heaths, where it
bears fruit about March or April, retaining its ripe capsules
a long time, but in the southern counties the FructiGc&uoD is
not very usual.
Stems perennial, a spaa or more in length, decumbent,
elastic ana loosely entangled, prolitierous, intermpled, doubly
pinnate, purple and shinmg under the leaves, which for the
most part closelv cover them, and are imbricated, of a pale
shining yellowish green, small, ovate, concave, without a
ner\'e ; tliose on the main stem obscurely serrated and long-
pointed; the nwt entire and pointless. Tnc scaly sheaths are
generally crowded near together, each bearing one crimson
shining f'mit-stalk. Capsule Inclining, of a rusty hue, ovate,
smoolh, taper at the base. Lid taper, longish, conical at the
baae, recurved.
Linnxus confounded this with his dark-green unpoliihed
H. prolifrrum. Curt, Lond. v. \. t. 73; but having quoted
Dili. t. 35./. 13. for his parieliniim, the moM belore us has
gone by that name.
HYPNUM proliferum.
Opaque Proliferous Fealher-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU MuscL
Gen. Char. Caf)s. ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously-toothed membrane, f'eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem triply pinnate. Leaves heart-shaped,
acute, close-pressed, very minutely serrated, opaque,
with one or three nerves. Lid awl-shaped.
SvN. Hypnum proliferum. Linn. Sp. Pi. 1590. Sm,
Fl. Brit. 1297. Hu(k. 'i99. fFith.853. HuU.SlO.
Belh. 434. Sihth. 294. Abbol. 248. Light/. ISO.
Curl. Lond.fasc. 1. (. 72. Dicks. H. Stccftuc.
1 4. 2 1 . Titni. Mmc. Hib. 1 57.
H. tamariscinum. Hedw. Sp. Muse, 361. (. 67.
/■I-5.
H. fiUcinum, tamarisci foliis minoribus non splenden*
tibus. Dill. Muse. 276. t. 35./. 14.
H. repens filicinuni minus luteo-virens. Raii Syn. 86.
WNE of ihe most handsome Europaean mosses, very common
in woods, and sometimes in exposed situations, clothing the
ground or ihe trunks of old trees with a rich entangled ta-
pestry. The capsules are very rarely found. They are pro-
duced in the wuiter or early spring. Our Bpecimens were
gathered at Studley by Mr. W. Brunton. In them the (ruit-
slalks are all solitary, but wc have generally seen 2 or 3 from
each sheath.
Tiie stem is elegantly proliferous from its uppermost side :
the branches tripfy pinnate, clothed with rusty down and
with inibricaied, close-pressed leaves, which are hean-Bhaped,
acute, of a line opaque (not shining) green, oflen yellowish ;
the larger furnished with 3 nerves, the rest with ) ; the edgrs
apparently entire, but Mr. Sowerby, with a high magnifier,
had found them scrniUtcd as in our plate. Sheaths awl-
shaped, shining, of several lanceolate, fncly serrated leave*.
Fruit-stalks crimson. Capsule incurved, cylindrical, red-
browu. Li<l awl-sbapcd, curved, thick at the base.
IIYPNUM recognituin.
Lesser Opaque Feather~rnos».
CRYPTOGAMIA Mtud.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scalar
sheath. Owfcr/nng-e of 16 teeth, dilated at tbebase:
inner a variously-toothed membrane, f'^eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem doubly pinnate. Leaves heart-shaped,
acute, close-pressed, three-nerved, opaque, fuely
serrated. Lid conical, acute.
Syn. Hypnum recognitum. Hedn\ Sp. Muse. 261.
Crypl.v.4:U2.t.35. Sm. Fl. Brit. i29». Roth.
Germ. v. 3. 279.
H. delicatulum. fnilden. Berol. 32\.
1 1, parietinum /3. PoUicL v. 3. 1 35.
X HIS t gathcivd in the neighbourhood of Matlock baih,
Dcrt)y»bire, in I'EWj of ibc precise spot I am not certain.
The plant has hitherto either not been observed in ajiy other
part of Britain, or has been confoiimieil with H. prolifermn,
from which it is very distinct. The stem and branches an
not half so large as in that sp<>cies, nor do they grow in the
aanie pmlifitrous manner. The latter are only doubly [Hnnated.
llic \a\ts are lindy serrated, and have all, for the most part,
3 nerves, of which the middle one is very conspicuous. The
leaves of ilic sheaths arc long and taper, ver)- inconspicuously
serrated towards their points. The fmit-stalks arc always so-
liiarj-, reddish, shorter than those of the last- mentioned, bol
longer in proportion to the branches. Capsule incurved, cy-
Imdric^il, brown. Lid short and conical, with a minute
point, a little curved. By the shape of the lid these 3 spccict
an essentially distingiiishi-d.
^
[ 2565 ]
HYPNUM umbratum.
Striated Vroliferous Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA MusH.
Gen. ChAr. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly* '
sheath. Outer fringe o{ 1 6 teeth, dilated at the
base : irmer a variously-toothed membrane. Veil
smooth.
Spec. Char, Stem doubly pinnate. Leaves heart*
shaped, pointed, finely serrated, with several lon-
gitudinal plaits, but no nerves. Lid conical, with
a small point.
Sri?. Hypnum umbratum. Bhrk. Crypt. 66. Sm.
Fl. Brit. 1298, Hedw. Sp. Muse. 263. (. 67.
/. 10 — 12. Turn. Muse. Hib. 158.
Originally discovered in Irelaml by the late Dr. Scott.
Our present specimen was gathered by Dr. Taylor, €n Sefing
mountain, in the county of Wicklow.
This species, no less rare than the H. recognitutn, t. 1495/
is of arathcrlargersize, anUiiotso regularly bipinnate. The stem
Is iiiternipteilly pinnate in the first instance, its copious branches
ether simple or again pinnate, but not uith great regularit)'.
Leaves of a line/ bright, velloifish, rather shining green, spread-
ing, heartKhaped, dilated, pointed, minutely serrated, destitute
of ribs or veins, but furnished with many longitudinal plait» or
furrows. Sheaths often several together, rather lax, of several
oblong, serrated, rough -awncd leaves, Fruitstalka crimsiHi,
rough, an inch and half or two inches long. Capsule inclining,
ovate. Lid short, conicalj obtutCj with a small point.
fc
r
n
[ 2035 ]
H Y P N U M praelongum.
Long Trailing Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA JMiuci.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
Gheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated ai the base :
inner a variously-toothed membrane, feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem pinnate, creeping. Leaves spread-
ing every way, ovato-lanceolate, pointed, serrated,
single-ribbed. Lid awlshaped, curved. Stalk rough.
SvN. Hypnum praslongum. Linn. Sft. PI. 1591. Sm.
Fl. Brit. 1299. Hi^dw. Sft. Muse. 258. Ctypt,
V. 4. 76. t. 29. Huds. 499- H^itk, HSS. HiM.
271. Relh. 434. Sibtk. 295. Abbot. 248.
H. repens filicinum, triangularibus parvts foliis, {wse-
longum. Rati Syn. 80. Dili. Muse, 278. /. 35./. 15,
J. HIS species of Hypnum is frequent in moist woods, ctpe-
cially on a sandy or gravelly enil, and about Ihi- shady bot-
toms of hedges, where the morning dew, glistening amonf
its leaves, renders it, at that time, particularly apparent.
The long, slender, branched and pinnated items crtep
closely over rotten wood or bark, spreading in every dj.
rectioii. Tlie lateral branches are scarcely an inch long, and
usually simple. Leaves small, of a pale yellowish green,
rarely dark-green, spreading loosely every way, lanceolate or
slightly ovate, pointed, sharply serrated, with a solilarv pale-
green nerve. Sheaths solitary, of several loosely recurred
ovate leaves, with serrated points. Fruitstalks solitary, ra-
ther above an inch long, crimson, rough with very minute
tubercles. Capsule drooping, ovate, or shghily cylindrical,
a little curved. Lid awlshaped, curved, rather shorter thuL
the capsule. Veil acute, of a pale green.
\
11 1
f;, :- i»a''-'iii''y ^'Arr^Alii
t 2036 ']
HYPNUM Stokesii.
Alpine Trailing Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGJMU Mutci.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, firom a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously-toothed membrane. I'm smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem pinnate. Leaves spreading every
way, heartshaped, pointed, minulely serrated, single-
ribbed. Capsule ovate, drooping. Lid conical,
pointed.
SvN. Hypnum Stokesii. A'm. Fl. Brit. 1300. Turn.
Muse. Jiib. 159. f. 15. j: 2.
Discovered by Dr. Whitley Siokes in Ihc hollows of
rocks under the eagle's nest at Lough Bray. Having received
from Professor Swariz more perfect specimens of the frait
than had previously been sci^n, wc have annexed a branch of
his plant. This specks appears intermediate bclwecn H. urn-
hraium, with which il agrees much in leaves and habit, and
H.praslongum, which it more nearly approaches in dimen-
sions and fructilicalion. Slill we think it cannoi be united
to either. Dr. Swariz names it H. LiiJwigii of Bndel, atid
we have been toid it is H. stTigomm of Hoffmann, Fl. Grrm.
V. 2. 76. These authorities may, by the right of priority, to
which in ibis case we ought to submit, disturb our name, but
tbcy confirm our species.
Our plant has loosely creeping stems, with crowded pin-
nate or bipinnate branches. Leaves imbricated every way,
spreading, of a full but bright green, somewhai shioing,
heartshaped, twisted, sharp- pointed, single-ribbed, notalwayt
10 the extremity, more closely and finely serrated than m
H. pralotigum. Sheaths whitish. Stalks red, an inch long,
scnrcelv rough except towards their base. Capsule drooping,
ovale. Lid conical, curved, pointed, rather thicker, if we
mistake not, than in the prcelongum, t. 2035.
(^
^
■t, '..^aiiU'v /'■ /*«^ -^ «
' J
-f
r 9057 t'
H y P N U M abietinuiD.
Fir-branched Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mud.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously-toothed membrane, f'eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem pinnate, shaggy. Leaves closely
imbricated every way, hean-shaped, pointed, nearly
entire, with one rib and two plaits. Capsule droop*
ing. Lid conical.
Syn. Hypnum abietinum. Linn. Sp. PI. \59}. Sm.
Fl. Brie. 1300. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 353. Crypt. J
V. 4. 84. t. 32. Hu(h. 500. tVith. S55. HuU. .1
271. Relk. 435. Sibcfu 296. yibl^ot. 246. 1
Necker Muse. 163. 1
H. lutescens, alis subulatis tenacibus. Dill. Muse.
2S0. (.35./. 17.
H. repens filicinum trichoides montanum, ramulis te-
redbus lutescentibus non divisis. Dt/l. m Rati
Syn. 86.
Not urfrequenl on ihe dry chalky hills of Kent, OxfofJ- I
shire, he, but the fructi5cation is so extremely r&re that I
Dillenius never saw it, and Necker, though he quoies the <
place where LiiinKua dcscrlhe^ it, asserts that it cannot be
i'otind. Our apecimeiis of the fruit were sent by Profi»for
Swariz.
The- stems are about as long as the finger, decumhenl,
densely, and generally simply, pinnate, the branches short,
acuie, spreading. Liiaves of a pale tawny opaque green,
close- pressed, heartshaped, or broad ovate, sharp-pomted,
entire or nearly so, a little revolute when dry, with one rib
and two Uteral plaits. Their reticulations seem to be elun-
g.ited hv age. Among the leaves the stem is clothed with
dense branched jointed libres, varying in length. Sheatht
■leiidcri close, p.ale. Fniitslalks 3 uuhes long, wavy, critn-
•on, ihiniilg. Capsule inclining, ovaii-cyhndrieal, curved,
tinged with red, very minotelv reticulated. Outer fringe
red i inner yellow. Lid, according to Hedwig, conical.
r.
y
C "82 1
H Y P N U M alopecurum.
Fox-tail Featker-mofs.
^^1
CRYPTOGAMIA Mufci.
Gen. Char. Fringe double; mier of 16 tapering
leeth : inner a tooiheJ membrane. Flowers la-
teral. Fruit-Jlalk tVoin a Icaly (heath.
Spec. Char. K.oot creeping'. Stems ereift ; naked
below ; branched in a panicled form above. Cap-
fules ovate, drooping, with a taper beak. Leaves
Icrrated.
Syn. Hypnum alopecurum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1594.
HedvL\ Sp. Uufc. 267. Hudf. 503. IVith. 859.
Hull. i-j%. Helb. 436. Sibib. 299. ^hbot. 049.
Dickf. H. Skc.jiifi-. 13. 22. EbTh. Crypt. 37.
H. dendroides oblcnrins, let is et capfulis brevioribus,
fubnutanlibus. Dill. Mufc. 315. /. 41./. 49.
H. paluftre ereflum arbuiculam referens, ramutts
fubrotundis. Bnii Syn. 81.
Ne:
tl EITHER hss ihU Hypnum be«n delineated by the cele-
brated Hedwig. Ii is to be reckoned among our rarer fptcici,
ai lead in frudifitaiion. \Vc received it id that ftaie from
Mr. W. Borrer of SulTeK. Its general places of growth are
moiA and Oiady, as boggy woods, wet calcareous rocks or
caverns, and the margins of cafcadcs. The captule^ arc npeoed
in the rpring.
The horizontal branched roots or fcions produce feveral errft
trec-likc fiems ; naked, and •*, hen old leaflcfs, below ; branched
and fubdivided above, in the furm of a panicle or feather, alt
the branches inclining to one fide, and their fummils mofdy
tapering and elongated. Leaves dark green, yellow wbcu ex-
pofcd, imbricated every way, ovate, broad, concave, femtcd,
cfpccially towards the point, and fumiOied with an acute
central rib. Capfulcs on (lion foliiary inclining fialks, ovalc^
fniouth, nodding. Lid taper and almoU as lung as tbejl
lule.
r ^465 J
H Y P N U M stramineum.
Straw-like Feather-moss,
CRYPTOGAMIA Muici.
Gen. Char. Cops, ovate-oblong;, from a lateral eca];<
sheath. Outei- fringe of IG teeth, dilated attbeba»e:
inner a variously- toothed membrane^ let/ smooth.
Spec. Crar. Stem but little branched, thread-shaped,
erect. Leaves el]iptic*lanceo]ate, concave, desti-
tute of a nerve. Lid convex, with a short point.
S»N. Hjpnum stramineum. Dicks. Crt/pt. fate. 1.6.
t.l.f.9. H.Sicc.fasc.H.Sl. Sm. Fl. Btit. J305.
With. 860. Huii. 373. Turn. Muse. Hib. 164.
OoMMl'NICATED long ago by Mr. Dickson, from a bt^,
OQ Ibe wcrt adc of l(am|«l«ul hratb. Mr. Turner finds (bs
sprrksnear YanoDUlfa. Its dmder, pale, shining, slraw-co*
iDuretl aspect b mnarkahle. Tlie slenit Ihrow uut but a few
short branches, and aie covcnd nilh leaves, loose); imbricalol
nvry way, vhich are (jliptic- lance olato, bluolish, coocavr,
entiie, destitute of any propor rib at nerve, but often, as Mr.
Turner observes, fumisfacd with a firw loo^itudinal pbutt in
their lower part. Sheaths pale, close, situatnl about Ibe mid*
die of the stem. Fruitslalk upright, wavy, (wo uicbcs lon^,
of a shitiinf^ ml. C«psulc ovate, inclining and curvrd, short,
ni>ty-«>louird when ripe. Lid coovws or very slightly coni-
cat, will) a short )x>iiit. Veil pale brown with a Uock tip.
Ilttlvti^r has not noticed this man.
*d
\
1
H Y P N U M conftrtum.
Clustered Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU Musd.
Gt.y- Char. Caps, oyate-oblong, from a lateral ivaXj
fiheath. Outer fringe oi \Q teeth, cliUlcd althebise:
inner a various! v-toothetl membrane. VeU smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping:. Leaves ovate, sharp-
pointed, somewhat serrated, spreading, single-
ribbed at the base. Lid awlshaped, curved.
Syn. H^pnum conferttim. Dicks. Cryitt. Jttsc. 4. 17.
t. II. /. 14. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1304.
H. clavellatum. Huds. 508. WiM. 806. HulLi'*;
excluding the sjnoDym of Dillcnius.
X OUND upon the trunks of trees, bearing fruit in Fi^bniarjr.
^fl/e exhibit an autlieutic: specimen Irani Mr. Oiclteon, by
ivhich his plant, thai of the Flora Britanmca, will be placed
out of the reach of uncertainty. The stems are short, grow-
ing in densetuf^s, and beset with many short branches. LeaTci
loosely inibricaled in every direction, light green, ovale, con-
cave, Kharp-|K)inIt.-<l, finely but rather dibtarilly serrated, fur-
nished wilo a central rib which vanishes entirely about the
middle. Scales of the sheath much like the leaves, but rather
Bmallcr. rTUil.st.ilks hardly an inch high, lawny or ml.
Capsule drooping, small, ovate, oblique. Lid convex, with
a curved awlshnped beak, almost ae long as the capsule.
There Las been some suspicion that this species was not di-
stinct from serrulatum, t. IS(>3; but the latter has more the
aspect of an aquatic mus-s, and the leaves cerlaiiily are dU-
pmed in two ranks. Ollicrwi.se Itiev arc indeed nearly akin.
Our /. 1038 fibould now be culleti
HVPNUM muralc.
Wall Feather-moss.
The synonyms must be erased, as behinging to the {nrsnit ;
others (o replace them may be lijund ia Fl. Brit. i:j04, IWB.
attf/-
V
ST.
[ 1038 ] ,,..
H Y P N U M confertum.
Oufiered Hy{tnum.
CRYPTOGJUIJ MrnfU.
Gen. Chah. Fringe double : oaier of 16 tapering
teeth : imier a toothed membrane, lowers la-
teral. Fruil-flalk from a fcaly (heath.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping. Branches erefl, cy-
lindrical, fimple. Leaves clofely imbricated, ovat^
acute, minutely ferrated, obfoletely ribbed. Cap-
fules inclining, ovate. Lid with a long fleniler
curv'cd bcak.
Stn. Hypnom confertum. D'ukf, Crypt, fafc^ 4. 17.
/. 11./. 14.
H. clavellatum. fiiJf. $0$. Wi/i. 866. HW/. 274.
V\ £ have Mr. Dickfon's authority for believing ibis the
Byfmum claveUalum of Hudfon; that of Uiuueuf, adopted
entirely from Dilleoius, is a Peonfylvanian inofa, unknown in
Europe, though LinnKui incautioufly fays the contrary. The
clavellatum of PoUich and Hedwig feems to be ftill a diflerent
fpccies.
Ours therefore has received the name of ctmfertum in Mr.
Dickfon's 4Xbfafciailus. It is a rare fpecies,and waa gathered
iiir
1 > ^ ^
[ 1568 ]
HYPNUM velutiuura.
Velvet Feather-Moss,
CRYPTOGAMIA Mittci.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated ai the base :
inner a variously- toothed nieinbrane. feii smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping. Leaves imbricated every
way, ovate, pointed, serrated, single-ribbed in
their lower part. Capsule ovate, drooping. Lid
conical.
Syn. Hypnum velurinum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1595. Sm.
Fl. Brit. 1305. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 272. CrypL
t. 4. 70. (. 27. Jiuds. S06. /Htk. 866. Hull
274. Relh. 437. SiblL 301. j4bboU 251.
Turn. Muse. Hib. 167.
H. velutinum, capsulis ovads cemuis. Dill. Mute
326. ^ 42./ 61.
H. repcns trichoides terrestre vlridius minus, capi(uIiB
tumidioribus cemuis. Rait Syn. 84. n. 24.
^--OMMON on banks, and about the roots of Ireea in woods,
forming dense entangled tufts and patches, and bearing ripe
fruit in the early spring.
Stems creeping, perennial, densely malted together, much
brancheJ. Branches short, erect, clustered, mostly simple,
cylindrical, thickly clothed in every direction with imbricated
upright little leaves of a yellowish lively green, which arc ovate
and single-ribbed at their base, tapering into a long Eerrated
nerveless point. Sheath of several slender pale tapering leavci
without nerves, Fruitslalk about an inch long, purplish, often
rough towards the top with verj- minute tubercles. Capsule
ovate, short, curved and drooping, of a rustv brown when
ripe. Lid conical, acute, reddish. Veil greenish.
Ray's No. 2S should seem to be only a slight variety of i
above.
r nt ■*
J^
r
X 2421 ]
II Y P N U M intricatum.
Matted Feather-moss.
um. i
CRYPTOGAMU Musd.
Gen. Char. Caj;'s. ovate- oblong, from a lateral scaW
sheath. Ouffr/nVige oT 16 tectb, diluted at the ba^e:
inner a \ariously>toothed membrane. IVi/smoolh.
Spec. Chah. Stem creeping. Leaves lanceolate, taper-
pointed, serrated, single-ribbed half way up, im-
bricated ever^ way. Capsule drooping, tumid.
Lid conical.
SvN. Hypnum intricatum. Schreb. Lips. 99. Sm. Fl.
Brit. 1306. Hedw. Sp. Mmc. 27 1 . Cri/pt. v. 4.
73. t. 28. Turn. Muse. Hib. 167.
H. Teesdalii. Dicks. Crt/pt.fasc. 4. 16. t. 1 1./. 13.
Xl)E late Mr. Teesdale found this moss in Vorluliire, aiuJ
cnn)[nunicatetl it (o Mr. Dickson, who, not aware of its beiitg
already nnmed, called it after its discoverer. What be had
(aken for intricatum, is now the Teesdalii rf Fl, Brtt. 1S91,
and is our f. 202.
The present species comes next to velulimtm, t. 1568, froni
which it diBcrs in being rather smaller, with narrower and
more spreading leaves, and a rather more tumid capsule,
much contracted at the mouth. The scales of the sheath are
also much more taper-pointed, and obscurely toothed. Hcdwi|[
remarks that the rin^ which surrounds the moulb of the
capsule consists of a double row of scales, not merely a sir;gle
one, as in velulinum. This we have not examined. The fruit-
stalk is iliirly granulated. Lid conical, somewhat oblique.
%
^
^^■-J7
•'4
^-
[ -037 ]
HYPNUM ferpens.
Creeping White-veiled Hypnum.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mufcu
Gen. Char. Fringe double: outer of i6 tapering
teeth : imier a toothed membrane. Flvxers la-
teral. Fruil-ftalk from a fcaly (heath.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping. Branches irrcgulariy
fubdivided, very flender. Leaves Uraighl, ovate,
jHiinted, imbricated. Capfiilcs oblong, curved.
Syn. Hvpnum terpens. Limi,Sj>-Pl-i$g6. Htuff.^o-j.
mib.Us. Hull. 2-;^. Relb. 416. Sibtb.^01.
^hhot. 251. Hedw. Crypt, v. 4. 45. /. 18. S[.
Miifc. 268.
H. tricliuiles Terpens, Ictis ct cnpfulis longis crciflis.
DM. Mujc. 329. t. 42. /. 64.
xx VERY general Mofs in moid ftiady places, running over
decayed wood, trunks of trees, flones and ranh, pro>lucing
flowers and fruit at almoft all feafons when there is htimidtiy
in the air fuEeient to favour its grou'th.
Stems clofely creeping, by means of numerous, ihoTt, fibrous,
perennial roots, and thickly branched. Branches irrq^ar,
Ample or fubdivided, \'ery flender ; clothed with fmall, pak-
Hifighl, ovate, cnlire, fliarp-pointcd, concave leaves.
1 m"
[ 2422 ]
HYPNUM atro-vircDS.
Daifc Round-branched Feather-moat.
CRYPTOGAMU Mutci.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scalj
stieuti). Outei' fringe n^ IGtcelh, dllatod at the base:
inner a variousl^'<tootlied membrane. Veil smooth.
. Si'EC. Char. Stem diffuse, much branched. Leares
ovate, concave, entire, keeled, imbricated eTcry
W'Bv. Capsule drooping, obovate. Lid swi-
sh aped.
SiTN. Hypnum atro>virens. Dicks. Crypt, fasc. 2. 10.
Sm. Fl. Brit. 1307. Wilh. 8G-t. Hidi. 274. Tim.
Muse. Hib. 169.
H. dentirulatum exi^uum pendulum atro-vireos.
Dill. Muse. 33'>. /. -13. /. Cr.
(jrATHEUKD on trees in Scotland, by Mr. Dictson, (o
whom wr ate obliged for iLis specimen. Diltenius had hia
from Patagonia. Dr. Scott is supposed to have found (he same,
Miouub without fruit, in Ireland.
Tlie sti-ms and branches are much siitidivided, \caTy tbrongli-
oii(, round, ^nder and rigid. Leaves of a rcmariubljr doll
and durk irrren, imbricated every «ny, broad-oval«, pMnlcd,
lierfrcllyenlirr, coric.ive, ket-kd, witli a strong rib reacbiag
1» the point. Slieaths pale, closely imbricated, iheir lent*
iivnle, cfHirave, entire, ribbed, with long tape? points. Frait-
>lnlk linr\lly an inch lung, smooth, dark red. Capsuk droop*
liift or i>etulultuis, o\-atc at the base, ONitiscta] above, dilated
nl llie m<Hilh, brown, smooth. Lid, according to DfllcniiB,
(lender, awUha|ied, curred.
4
>^-"^-^;/--^~-,j-..
[ 1859 ]
HYPNUM tenellum.
Tender Anl-teaved Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Afusei.
Grn. Ckar. Ca/js. ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe oi 16 teeth, dilated at the base;
inner a variously-toothed membrane, f^eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping, much braached. Leaves
awl-shaped, ribless, entire. Capsule ovate, droop-
ing. Lid awl-shaped.
SvN. Hypnum tenellum. Dicks. Crypt, foic. 4. 1 6.
/. 11./ 12. 5m. Fl. Brit. 1308. Turn. Muic.
Hit'. 170. ff-'inch. V. 1. 110.
f IRST noticed by Mr. Dillwyn about the rooU of trect in
Kent. T^e Rev. Mr. WiUlams has found it on the uniler sides
of prujecting stones and roots on Acton BumcII hill Shtop*
(hire, and Mr. Slone on walls in Norwich. Our present »pc-
cimcns were gathered by Mr. Temptcton, on limestone or
flint, in moist shady places near Belfast, bearing &utl iu
April.
It forms small dense perennial tufts of creeping stems,
throwing up several sliort erect branches; the whole being
clothed with densely imbricated, slender, awl-shaped, mtire
leaves, of a full bright green, without afiy rib, except possibly
near the base. Sulks from minute sbcaths, red, half or
three quarters of an inch long, erect, taller than the brancbes,
at length curved at the summit. Capsule drooping nr pcn-
ilnlous, ovate, short, obtuse, brown, smooth, wilh an awl-
•haptxl lid, about its own length. The fine slender leaves
«»entially distinguish this species. Neither Hedwig, nor
4ny otlxr foreign botanist, seems to have kaowo it.
w**^,.^.
[ i»o 1
HVPXUM albicans.
fTkititk Silky Featker-mm
CMTTTOGAMU i
Got. Chah. Cap*. onCB^iblaa^ bom x htnal scahr
Otaa- Jrhige cf 16 teeth, dDafted at die
Mxr a raioodf -tDotbed nieiiiLiJiif. Ftit
Spec. Csak. Stem bnacfaeJ, laota&o^. LaTcs va-
InoCsd, ^raCe, panted, tfaice-naTCn. Cfliile
OT3CS, cuiieo. Lid cnwicjl, pianten-
Stx. Htppum ^ihir-™ fiedter. Jkftnc 180L Sm. Ft.
£.5. Dieit,Cnfpt.fiucl.6. ILSiee.fatcS.il.
/TidLSSQ. A^. S69.
DHL JUiur. 3S8. £. 42. y: 63.
B. tetreane erecnim hnniSiB al^irawcj monfis toeti-
boB. iXiL n Ran S^ 83.
Gathered br Mr. TnnKr «« the nodf cKft «t Gorinton
BMT ) uiuouth, wdll'l Its nnrt b to be fauna m BCaicn of
r
uz
[ 2OT1 ]
H Y P X U M plnmosam.
Jiiu<; Sitky Fcalker-matM.
CKTPTOCAMU Mmio.
GzN. Chak. Caju. on£&«bloiig, from a hunl lolf
sfaealll- ObifryWfi^eof leteethydOatedatdielBK:
amer a Taiioasly-toathed memtiffaiie. f^ ffiinHrtll.
Spec. Char. Sloncreejng. Bmicbes crowded, eracL
\jeans orate, pointed, aidre, «ith a fib icadMg
halfva^. GifKole ovate, incfinog. LidcooicaL
Stx. Hypoiim phmKwnm. Hiid*.9d.\.i8S. Sm. ft,
Bril. 1310. Zfjiii. ii^ ". ISSS- '^'*. Ul.
a//. 37a 5ii<i. 29S. ^(M. M7. XNdt.
A Scc/cjc. 3. 23. Tivit. J&K. Hii. ITS. 1. 15.
/.I.
H. sericeumg. IhdM,306.
H. ivpens fifidDom phnnoBgnu i)iff. JMtfc. S80.
t, Z5.f. 16. Anf 5yM. 86.
\y
[ 15S4 ]
HTPXITM implexum.
Cretm MatUd Feather-mou.
C3TTTOGJMIJ Umd,
Csa;- Q^w. €j^. ovsce-obloog, bum z lateral acalr
a^sn. Cii£:^,.'^~i^af 16tMih,dilatedatthebase:
jumit a nrinir^-inoched taeahnne. Feii aoiootb.
Spec C:='i*- Sbem cTeqn^. &aiidies crowded,
sec Lores bMci-nhte, p^»*«tri1, finelT senrsted,
Lidc
Sxs.Sc'^iBam.JBi^aam. Smitrrt:. .JcU Balm. am. 1795.
af4w <m. p.. Bri:. tSlfi. T«ni.J&«tffii. 173.
CoilOnrNICATED bv >fr. W. Bnnun fnmn ■tones nor
SoM^ k w ii^i&uly aocxoi br Mr. G. Doon od k Urge
jjOifK xsK' 3K SMC oc BcB I^wcfs, xod attctTOdi in Annis-
^iiin:. It: Ktf j^ aeei $xsad ca Irdiad and nor Newcsstle.
I
r
■I ft
'A
It*
-k-.^
^.
I
I
[ 1599 ]
HYPXUM purum.
^eat Mtadow Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mmd.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scalf
sheath. Older fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
imier a variously-toothed membrane, l^cil smooth.
Spi'C. Char. Stem pinnated. Leaves elliptical, inflated*
obtuse with a small point, single-ribbed at the base-
Lid conical, curved.
Syn. Hypnum purum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1594. Sm. FJ.
Brit. 1313. /ledw. Sp. Muse. 253. t. 66. /. 3 — 6.
Iliids. 504. IViik. 863. Hull. 273. Reth. 436.
.SiHh: 30O. yibhot. 250. Curt. Lond. fate 3.
I. 65. Turn. Mu.sc. Hib. 175.
II. cupresaforme vulgare, foliis obttisls. Dill. Mute.
309. /. 40./ 45.
■ H. terrostre erectum, ramulis teretibus, foliis inter n>.
tuoda et acuta medio modo se habeniibus. Rait
Si/n. 81.
1 LENTIFUL in moist and shady pastures, also about hei^
banks, but nut regularly producing capsules. Thrir most ge-
neral si;a9on, according to Mr. Curtis, is Novendier; we tuvc
olsu found thcni in the spring.
This is troly a beautiful moss, remarkable for the neat
shining inflated appearance of its leaves. The stems fiwin
'■"?"■ hgbi elastic tufts, grawinff seldom ouite upright, often
lintiaoiitjlly, and arc subdivided, beside* being branched in a
piim.-kte manner. The brauches are short, simple, round,
acute, rvenrved. Buih the stem and branches arc clothed
with closely imbricated (thoush inflated) broad elliptical
obtu4e entire leaver, e^rh tippedfwilb a little flat point, and
niaikcd at the ba^ bv une short nerve. Tfaeir colour is a light
^htning gm-n. lummg whitish n ith age Sheaths cylindrical,
of ntaiiy pale natmw kaves. rmiutalks solitary, red, 3 incbn
loitg, ctect. Ca|Mulc elliptical, droofMog. snkooth, more or
l««* cuived, a little tumid xt the base. Ltd coaic^ with a
cumd poiul.
I '
.lOin-'"
i
[ 2189 ]
H Y P X U il illecebrnni.
Gma^ort Feather mou.
cjY^roaiMUi
Gsx. CsAX. Cz^. cxjs^<ib!aag, bom. a bteni waif
oao. Cup -Ha^cc I6teedi,£bieditdKbaK:
jMoe- I T^a^-j -ijLxhjai Bariinne. Feil snoodL
5kc- Can. icziL zr^^sbrlf branched. Bfandus
aaaat, Lexr^s ril^nci^ ir^a-^^ obtuse vith i
snl piK. BiU m Hipe ufawfae nsne.
Sss. T|i III gajLi-^ flUk. ^. Jfcfc S5S.
=. 4^. £ I. S: iac /L Aft. 1S14. AUr. 504.
Van^'siB. aa~ STS^ JiicL 30a &jfcrr(. ZcAl
dew V»rt.7. I.IKL
rt>l JSutr. 3i:. :. 4a/.4fc
3ms iibc>«n?9imxs ;acK. An ^p. SI, miikr
' v»-i
i
^^.^
>>^
[ 1621 ]
HYPXUM Schrebeii.
Sekreberian Feather-mot$,
mmOGJMU Mmid.
Gbc. Chaa. Ca^. oratembkog, from a lateral scaly
A^i. Ck/ffryrri^of 16teedi,dilaudattliebafle:
SBMravaiioaslj-toatbediiieiiibiaile. FaJaaocUb,
Snc. Chaji. Slsm pinnated, sligfatlj compiessed.
Lmes elBpriral, oxicaTe, slightlj pointed, ribles.
lid cooical, «itfa a little Btniglit pont.
Snt. Hrpmim Schieberi. IFUUau Berolhu 325. Sm.
It Brit. 1315. A'cif. CrfpL/atc. 4. IS. Timi.
Afcie. at. 1-6.
H. pannn. Eirk. Crypt. 311. /Ml. 3M, |3.
miL <i«s, nr. °. Hall. 273, nr. 2.
H. ccpcesaibnne tenuius et compressius. Dill.
Jfcir. 312. 1. 4a/. 47.
IL loi^inn erectum, bliis anguatis caulibus appreeoL
Baii Syv. S3.
I
[ 1646 ]
HTPNCM nitens.
SiiMf Fribv Fcathtr-x
CaJPTOGdMU M/mkL
GxsL. (^az. dp*, cn^e-oblaq;, from a lateral scaly
3^^& OhofT.'^^i^of 16 teeth, dOated at the base:
amter i vaam^-sccdaed membmie. /^7 smooth.
Snc. Ckaa. Scsn ckcl. Bnocbss short. Leares
siirXraced. Capsule cbloog, cuired
St:*:. Hj^aam awsas. S.-.i-?^. i^ 9S. Sm, Ft. Brit.
15:^ Lma.jtL ACrtt. Jtiuc 34. Ot^. Sp.
JUuc SSS. ttdb. £>iM./«ic S. 12. B. Sice.
H. ja&BKre ggcsm iricKiAfs lanulb crrfirisa luteo-
<c nAN«z«9Ebia» ^<Aiii A^ A&m^ 303. (. 39.
OaTRESEX> W x^ Bct. >fc.D»>— I « annfar gRHnd
■
[ 9996 ]
HYPXUM rniesceiis.
naif RaUisk Feather-
CXFTTOGJJtU a^d.
G«K Ckix. C^l •ri^Loblo^. froa a klenl loVj
' "- Oi*3r.fraj:fotlglertfa,dihltJ»ttlie1liBl"
;t-4— Aed m ■ W ■ f' l^anootli-
. fwi^< if- ftrnled. catim. Capmle cj-
^ESL HT^nHnuwnL Sb. fT.iMl. 1316. AfetL
O-rat. .-JK-. «. «. z. >. f. 4. iri't. 846- Hma. 2C9.
ai^Fn. Ctm. -. i, 5?. cader a. 16.
H. duiKMB in n=oak foUis sububtk aristatn,
^LmiiiB sadibcs. if.^ ca .-Icf. Hdzxt. v. 5. 12.
& 1. :~>l. Bj£. ffitf. r. 3. 3S ; eicludii^ the
f :£T macsi W 3t. Dsl-xios or ««t racis in the Hi^*
k^B s' ^cabmi.' Vr. AV. BsKra £:«Bd il oormi^ the
r x*OJ ?« IK ihi& tr ytcvm, aad has &Tnii«l
^rv rjoe nrZT. hi i«f-[ard frah and the
^ioKT^ei ia fl. Bnt. mxa thr LinnaaB
f V :^w« ct £1 miHcribcd Ilgpuwrn, or
I
i
[ U25 ]
H Y P X U M cuspidatum.
Pointed Bos Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGJMU Jlwo.
Gbn. Chae. Caps, ovate^ibloog, £ram % lataal scalr
^wath. Ou/CT-^rnfT^of ir>teah,dibtedattfaebaaeR
inner a Tariou^r-toothed membmie. Feil smoodi.
Spec. Char. Stem pinnate, round. Branches pointed.
Leaves obliHtg-Unceolate, nerrdess, smooch, imbri-
cated every vzy. lid conical, acute.
S^'x. Hvpnum cu^fudatuni. Lii:n. Sp. PI. 1595. Swu
Fl. Brit. 1317. Hedtc. Sp. Muse. 254. /ftwii, 50S.
Ifuh. 862. Hull. 273. Relh. 437. Sitth. 300.
Abbot. 250. Dich. //. Siccfase. 7. aa Turn.
Muse Hie. \".
H. palustre, extremiiatibus cuqiidatiB et pungendbus.
DiU. Muse. 30a /. 39./. 34.
H. repois palustre, foUis tiiangularibus per caiules
expansis, extreiwiaribus convolutis et acui
fiaii Syn. 82.
r 2016 ]
HTPM'M stlrsiuiiuu.
SOaimm Ftmtitr-mms.
t'm iTtig^^ffl-f 1
Gxx. Chak. C^~ cvae-abiaag, £tam a bteral aatf
^sJL. Cnoer^^-ix^ of 16 toib, dSaed at the baae :
sate a ofi'njaf^-gTiB&ed ift^ie. Pidl siDoath.
50^:. 0?.ta- Scea cts^h^ pniMed. Learci looMly
TWQ piaos X t^ baK; ^ ^>P^ i^^ks cuttoI.
Oosuue crnmidcat, ndfaiag. Ud coBical, sbon.
Sttk. Hvpcant idsBmn. fTec. sxd JUUr fX Grrv.
Irtfrn Sdugox. BriaeL Huz. c. S. p. 2. 47.
J. 3E OBKB. aev d out Brcsa Ffao, ad wJi mniiil by
al maaaa «ic auw «c ur <aBi, vai galhuul oo Bcs
Lnaf in Stffacrxsi ^ «nr oaa-^xadaaed frimd* Mcssn.
BnfaraniBnrer in aesanBcraf ISOS. The but va
iAbk tnuv mv SBt xu AuLucii us lui.
i
//
\
sa
[ 1447 ]
HYPNUM cordifoUum.
Heart-leaved Featker-mots* 4
CRYFTOGAMU MiacL
Gen. Char. Caps. OTat&oblong, iinom a latetal
dieath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated a
base: inner a Tariously-toothed meint»aiie.
smooth.
Sp£c. Char. Stem erect. Branches thort. L
S{M:e3^g, hean-sfaaped, Uuntish, angled
ntber remote. Lid hemtsphacrical, ptsnted.
Stx. HjpDum cordihiltam. IMx. Sp. Muse.
C'vpt. 1. 4. 97. 1. 3-. Sm, F1. Brit. 131 8. Sa
JI&JC. ^iwc. 63. Both. Germ. v. 3. 319.
L :^ jcc<c nTj-'cne ace d tkat can be found for thb
ia«; ^jryga-ifc. 'xk.v^ vas «i)uiDy imkDovn to DiUeniiM,
3-.!M^ »«r«r IM ai <idKr bouaktc till Dr. Swutz foi.
ft i^tirK. aai Ae ^tkante I1«dw^ in Germany. N(
~» the M of the c
^
V.
t 1448 ]
HYPNUM fluitans.
Floating Feather-mo$$.
CKfTTOGAUlA i
Gbm. Chak. Caps. oTateobkmg, from a lateral scalf
sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the
base: irmer a variously-toodied membnuie. FeU
snKx>th.
Spec. Char. Stem somewhat piniiat& Leaves lanceo-
late, p(»nted, loosely ^reading, angle-ribbed. Ud
convex, with a small point.
Stn. Hypnum fluitans. lAtm. Ft. Suec ed. 2. 399.
Sm. Fl. Brit. 1319. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 296.
Crt/pi. V. 4. 94. /. 36. ffltL 851. Hull. 27a
Jielh. 432. Sikth. 298. jibbot. 245. Dicks. H.
Siccfasc. 16.22. Turn. Mute. Hib. 182.
H. erectimi aut 6uitans, fbliis oblongis perangustis
acutis. Dill. Muse. 299. t.3S.f. 33. Raii Stfn. 82.
This -
.e also receircd from Mr. Wluch of Newcutle in
1
\
"il^
PM m****^
r^
[ 1516 ]
HYPNUM pUiferum.
Hair'pointed Featker-mo$s.
CRYPTOGAMU JUiun.
Gem. Char. Fringe double: outer of 16 <
teeth: inner a toothed membrane. Flowen h>
teral. Fniit'Stalk from a scaly sheath.
Spec. Char. Branches scattered. Leaves orate^ «a^
cave, entire, with a dngle rib reaching half "Wcg
fi-om the base, and dpped with a hair. lid airi-
shaped.
SvN. Hypnum piliferum. Schreb. Lip$,9i. Sm. Ft.
Bnt.i3l9. Hedw.Sp. Mac VtS. Crypt.v.4.SS.
I. 14. Turtu Muse. Hib. 178.
OENT by our obliging friend Mr. Winch from Northom-
berlaud in July last. We have it also fitom the Rev. H. Davies,
^
[ 1647 ]
HYPNUM brevirostre.
Common Bou^h-stalked Featker^moss.
CRYPTOOAMIA Mutd.
Gen. Char. Cfips. ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of KJ teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously'toothed membrane. Feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Branches straggling. Leaves ovate, pointed,
slightly serrated, dngle-ribbed about half their length.
Lid conical. Fruit-stalk granulated.
S\*N. Hypnum brevirostrum. Ehrh. Crypt. 85.
H. Rutabulum. Litm. Sp. PI. 1590. Sm. FJ. Brit.
1320. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 276. Crypi. v. 4. S9.
/. 12. fJuds. 496. ffith. 851. Hi//. 27a
Relh. 432. Sitth. 297- M-bol. 245. TWrn.
Muse. Hib. 1 79.
H. dentatum vutgatissinium, opercuUs obtusis. DilL
Mttsc. 295. t. 38./. 29.
H. repens, triangularibus minoribus foliis. Rait S^n. SO.
OnEo
Z of the most common of Mosses about t
ami bushy pliiccs, bearing fruit in the sprin;:.
, hedges.
[ 1648 ]
HYPN'UM striatum.
Comwum Striated Feather-moss,
CRTFTOGAMLI Jfktd.
Gex. Cbab. Caps, orate-obkog, from a lateral scaly
Ai^h. OUrr/^m^of 16 teetb,dilattdatthebaae:
amer a nnousty-tootbed membrane. Fiil smooth.
Snc Chak. Braocfaes stiaggliiig. Leaves triangular,
KJBKvhit onte, pointed, minutrfy serrated, singlfr
ribbed, maffd- lid awkfaaped.
Stx. Hipnuai saiatnm. Schret. JJp*.9l. 5a. FL
Bnu 13SI. Bedx. Sp. MutC. S75. Crypl. v. *.
33. /. 13. With. 85a /At^ 27a ^btk, 415.
TCTB. Jl&(c S^. 180.
H. ka^rastmm. Ekrk. Crypt. 75.
H. Rmbulom y. Olds. 497. JS. .&/A. 433.
H. ra%aie dematmn, opennilis cuqadatk. IMl.Mm.
^97. I. 38./. 90.
H. fcpoks, trimgnlaribas minoribos fiJns, pedicoliiet
n iiaKiftt bRTKHflxis et tonudkxibos, »"'""» Jtau
[ 1302 ]
HYPNUM stellatum.
Yellow Starry Feather-moss,
CRYPTOGAMU Mutd.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe oi 16 teeth, dilated at the
base : inner a variously>toothed membrane. Veil
smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem erect, branched. Leaves onte,
pointed, entire, trithout nerves, very much tipttaA-
ing. Lid conical.
Syn. Hypnum stellatum. Sckreb. Lips. 92. Sm. H.
Brit. 1 322. Hedw. Sp. Muse. S80. Dicks. Crypt,
/use. 1. 5. M. / 7. H. Sice. 'fuse. 6. 23. /fiM.
846. Hull. 266. Relh.437. Sitth.SOl. Abbot.
246.
H. coma lutescente, extretmtatibus stdlatis. Dill,
Muse. 302. t. 39. / 35.
^OT uncoDunon in turfy bogs, but the fructification is not
often to be found. The season for it if about March or April.
The stems grow erect, cither in tufts or intermixed with
other mosses, and are more or less branched, the brancbea
1
[ 1953 ]
HYPNUM squaiTosum.
Drooping-leated Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGjiilA MutH.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Ouleryn'ng-tf of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
irmer a variouiily'tooihed membrane. Fieit smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched, somewhat pinnated.
Leaves ovate, pointed, keeled, recurved, without
ribs. Lid conical.
Sth. Hypnum squarrosum. lArau St. PL 1593. Sm.
Ft. Brit. 1323. Hedw. S/j. Muse. 281. ffudt.
502. frith. SS7. Hull. 2-71. Jielk. 435. Sibih.
299. j^bbot. 249.
H. repens, triangularibus refiexis foliis, majus. DiU.
Muse. SOS. t. 39./ as. Raii .Syn. 82.
/3.H. repens, triangularibus reflexis foliis, minus. Dili*
Muse. S04. I. 39./. 39. Raii Stfn. 82.
H. squarrosum, Swartz. Ahise. Suec. 59. Ekrfu
Crypt. 36.
n
^¥11
1
[ 1709 ]
HYPNUM squarrosuluni.
iMtlc Spreading-leaved Feather-mt
CRYFTOGAMIA Muid.
Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral ! _^
Omttr fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the base's-
a varioBslj-toothed membrane. /'V;/ smooth. I
Cbak. Stem procumbent, branched; the branches |
Leaves awlshaped, entire,
broad at the base, spreading widely
refiexed. CapsiUe drooping. Lid i
~ BrideL Muse. v. 3. 149. '
ti/. 2. " I
Gathered m Mackenluv vr>oA near Ripon by the Isle !
Bfe. W. BraMao, and \j no on« else, to our knowledge, in
*"""" '" h boB frak m the carfv pan of summer." The
3 publiaJted it, found it to Saxony
The babit of Ac pbnt is stvewhat like H. serpenf, but it
tAmft IB tatAtt sKtioo of the genus characterized by ,
tmrnnnr hascs, vbcR it abouU »aM near H. iquanamm,
1W attas «c imauiial, ctwpii^ gi^^n, producing maay
poiMked ikiider leafr bnocfaes. Leaves of a bright or
ydbwiib ctrcm, nnaO, Byirarfing id cver^- direction, at rigbl
■■■hs with the bnn^K^ or a tittle refiexed. They are |
taMc^ with a broad batt, dntimte of any nerve or plait,
wtA Hfcr inio a wnr fine pocBl. Sbeaths of rather broader .
«aJ afcarttr kai«*, aa»jritbaat DCrrec. Fruitsulks an inch
orate, somewhat I
sbon and conical. '
time a much smaller i
topect.
work l&c this we miriit expect to j
a time to lament the Toss ot many |
b«t we bav« aaorc frequently deplored the .
wawpa ar *adi iBoag oar bmr youthtiil associates. Mr.
Wmnm biaiaa «f Rifion, wboae farours we have often
actepaMgel, it sow a*fcd to the melancholy catalogue.
He ««t bom Oct. «» mi, and died June S3, 1B06, ofa
^ wfaicb bad kog dmatened his life. Evly devoted to
' aoi QtOBMUy m panicular, be ardentJy pumied
"'""*■ stmog uattual parts, an cx-
rtwMBOrr,acuMimaipJ patiencepfinresti^on, formed
bi« KlMMific ciMiacicr} bit pnvate ooc, a* we an assured by
«H (xcvlkni fticnd, waa no less cnjauiblrj iDd bit rclatiooi
b»¥«w
1709
A.
1
r
-^^
[ 2072 ]
IIYPNUM loreum.
Rambiing Mountain Feather-mats*
CBYPTOQAMU Mmui.
Gur. Char. Cap*, onte^loi^, from a Utteral solf
slteatli. 0!i/«r/rfnj;e of 1 6 teoh, dilated at the base:
mrr a variously-tootbed meinbTane. Feil smooth.
Stbc. Char. Stoon procumbeu, somewhat {nniiate.
Lmt«s awlshaped, recurred, praatmg towards one
side, with a brood striated base. IJd ctxiTez, wub
a sxDall point.
Sth. HypBum loreum. Lhm. Sb. PL \S9S. Sm.Fl
Brit. m*. Hfdw. Sp. Mae. S94. fhidt. SOU.
Mui. S57. Hull. 37S. BeiL 436. Sibtk. 397.
Iikif.H.Skc.fasc.7.^U Turn. Muse. Ob. ISS*
H. k««um nkoatanum, capeuH^ subrocuiiili& DHL
JIfcw, SOS- I. S»./.40.
H. K{i<tts. ancolk wa^ erectis, Uk reBdk loO'
ccciSK dccns, opocolo cap^ofi ma^io. Rati
I
[ 16K ]
HYPXOI thqnetnmi.
G.-<^ rnosufar TcmtlKr-mt
CMirTOGJMU 1
Gax. ^«>» Ct^ oni»«blaag, finm a btoal sca]^
T'.^BCr cf 16 teedi, dihted at die baK:
pG^BCu* tflBtCO* SUCAOOUf ID
>TX. IIijBKi tdqnermn. Lim. ^. PL 1589. fa.
jr£i.sL3a a:;. rrtiL SeiL4s^ Sittk.996.
.^tcw. 34& />:ci(. B. Skc/mic. 1& XI. 7WiL
Jkfcc. H.-. 1$&
H. nlciie tzin^:nhiiii, mxiHi^ el paflUnk IXO.
Jkfcj?. 99S. I. 3S./. 2S.
SJb. &b jym. sa
\ ERY romMaa is voo^ a«d m beabs, bsaraig feik ■•
ife viatcr >ad earir sfcTzv- It i* itadDy bwaa bom aQ onr
[ 2250 ]
HYPNUM rugosum.
Yellow Wolf's-claxD Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Musd.
Gen. Char. Cap.^. ovale- oblong, from a lateral scalj
sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variously-toothed membrane. Veii smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem procumbent, somewhat pinnate.
Leaves folded, keeled, falcate, twisted, furrowed,
pointed, single-ribbed. Lid conical.
Sys. Hjpnum rugosum. JUnn. J^atU. 131. Sm.
Fl. Brit. 13'i5. Dicks. Crypt, fmc. 2. \i.
H. Sicc.fasc. I. 23. With. 856. Hall. 271.
Winch. V. 1. III. Swartz. Muse. Suec. 57.
H. luteseens criapum, Lycopodii facie. D^.
Muse. 2^9. I. 37./. 84.
Watery phces about Loch Raimoch, Perthshire, a cefc-
bratcU spot for bolany, fiist afiivilnl Mr. Dicluon the pmrnt
Uypnam^ which DiUcniiis knew in Germany only, and Tur
which Iliilwig, Ehrhart, and many of less note, have mis-
taken a dillerent moss, whose leaves are transvenely comigaled,
not known in Britain. Mr. Winch has faroured us with the
true rwgosam, from Preslwick Car in North umbedttd.
Thestem.s aie prociimbcnl, impei^tly pimiatc, leafy, the
brandies upright, oblusc, slightly hooked. Lcavia of a yd-
low or tawny greeti, rusly or bLtck with age, clowly imbri-
caled, strougly curved to one side, and in sotic dt^rcc
(wiskil. They are lanceolate, entire, with a long taper point,
compressed, keelnl, single-ribbed throughout, furrowed length-
vise, when dry, init not atross. Sheaths close, of shorter
broader leaves. Fruilslalk two iticlies long, erect, dark purple.
Capsule inclining, a little c<irvi-d, cylindrical, ovate at the
base, dilated at the mouth. Lid conical, short, acute.
*•.,..**. w ;i > 'Xnv j:-!*
[ 1039 1
HYPNUM fcorpioidcs.
Scorpion ifypnum.
CRYPTOGAM/A Mti/a.
Gem. Char. Fringe double: ou/er of i6 tapering
teeth : hour a toothed membrane. Fhwers U-
teral. Fndtjialk (bm a fcaly {heath.
Spec. Char. Stem procumbent. Branches icattered,
fwelling upwards. Leaves ovate, acute, concave,
curved all one way, without a midrib. CapTulcs
drooping. Lid conical.
Stn. Hypnum fcorpiotdes. tjtm. Sp. PI, 1592.
Hudf.soj. JViib.ZsS. HuJJ.iji. Reii.^ii,
^bbot. 249. Diekf. H. ^ee. fafc. 3. 22. Ibdw,
Sp. Mn/c. 195.
H. fcorpioides palullre magnum, L.ycopodii iofiar
fparfum. Dill. Mufc. 290. *. 37. /. 25.
V_^OMMUNICATED from Cambridgefliire bf the Ber. Mr.
Hemfted. It grows on turfy bogs, and is Taid to be moic frcqiiait
in the mountainous or northern counties tban with us. Mr.
Pitchfbrd and the Rev. Mr. Bryant found it long ago o
i
S073
HYPNUM rerolvens*
Curling-ieaved Feaiker-mo$s.
CSYPTOGAWA Jfcn.
Ges. Chab. Cap*. ovaie-tybXaogt from a hXtni a
sfaeatb. OiUeryrm^ of 1 6 teeth, dBated at the bose't
hmer a raiiouslj-tootbed meiDbmie. Pat smooch.
Spec. Chak. Stan nearly erect, piniaie. Leaves
awlshaped, compressed, twisted into a a(ilp>sbap^
smgle-nbbed ; striated wbea drj. Lid cotucal.
Stk. Hj-poum rerolTeils. Swart-. J£uc. Skcc. 5S sW
lOl.t.- /.I*. Sm.Fl.Bru.\S^. TtmuMKte.
Hib. IS8. /fiacfu Guide, v. 1. III.
First obacned by the hte Dr. ScoU ia bog? places near
Swmlmbw, lidnid, bat vithoat bnctificatioo. Our iped-
meat w«n cammaoicued from Prcuwick Car, NonhuiDber-
land, bj Mr. J. l^onihiU in 1804, anil Mr. Winch in 1606.
Tbey agKC pRcisely «nli others acat by the ongiiud deacnbcr
of dm siieacs, IVolenor SwarU.
The pbnt bribte m h» toaKthing of ibe habit of A. icar-
pirndtSy t. 103g, DOt so well cspiMed in tbat pUte a* wc
coold ban wished, the speciincas not hanng acquired tbeic
ridi tawnf colour. Tiat U moch tmaller, ntore erect, and
of a ilill darker hoc, almoM black, except the Tonng braocbei,
wboae itnta are pde green, soon becoming uwny. Tbe
brancbes are abon, alieraaic, and ipreadiog. LexTci ratbcr
shnuog, doady iiiibric8tcd« comd lo aoe aide, lanceolaic or
ovale, with aa awMuped acme lenMaatioD, compre**ed,
keeled, nach curved and twitted, tingle-iibbed ; when dry
atrUled. Sbcaib pale browD, cleodtr, ckwe. Fniil-ttalk
above t inches high, red, wavy. Capsale cyltodiical, currcd,
diuoping, of a rtttl* fane, becoming sGghUy bat irregu-
larly fimoiTtd by drying. Lid conical, Aort, with a IMe
|HIIMt.
Itte compretaed cariaatcd leaves, and dark colonr, (Catin-
f_wt\\ this bam H. irfiianiia, which ia monover a anulkt
jtlani.
J
"s. H
[ icoo ]
HYPNUM uncinatum.
Procumbent Hooked Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGJMU Mttici.
G&K. Chab. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
ifaeadu (Miter fringe of ! 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
imer a rarioosly^oolhed membrane. Feil smooth.
SMc Char. Sttm procumbent, pinnated. Leaves
I^UBI^ SK^fe-diaped, single-ribbed, striated. Lid
txmiaL Cafoaie coostHcted.
Stx. HypMaa vacmanim. /fedm. Sp. Muse. fl89.
03|pLik4. 65. t.2S. Sm. FL Brit. 1 S28. Dicks.
€h0i.JaK. 4. I9L Turn. Muse. Hib. 190.
•1 HS gnPM Bwattrr utaaw pUca to the oonh, and app«in
ftiinJwly a Yocfcslurc. Mr. Willitm
I tnm Mbh Ode Head, WcmW
It ban cifuha in August anil
id ptaDUed, forming loose,
I of a p«k shining green,
Hd; nahncsied, but leaning
•B n one si^ viA o^b as lOHifcidbly currcd as cachio
fcna a cnaffcle dide; A^ mc laEealaie with a long point,
umfMjmA, ibigfa rihbaj, iWimit mad eatin ; the uppennosi
■cidMlagetiMrBiiaasattofhoak. Fnitsulks red, above
Ml mA kag. Sheath of mmf kag (lender pale leant.
Capnle Jwapng, cantA, •■MMd^ cyfinAicai, mostly con-
mctadaada-iheBiHrth, which it Bodi Aisled. Lidconical,
short, acata. We edi3iit m the pbie a norad of the iuner
fni^ hs^rif witiitfrft, to !Aow its cohm* structure, «-hich
RtoaMDjrofthegaiM. Bedwig r^iresaiu
th*«
t 1665 ]
HYPNUM palustre.
Creeping Marsh Feather-moss.
CHYPTOGJMIA Musd.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath . Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base :
inner a varioiisly-toothed membrane. Fell smooth.
Si'EC. Char. Stem creeping. Branches erect. Leaves
lanceolate, concave, nerveless, curved to one side,
some of them spreading. Capsule drooping. IJd
conical.
Syn. Hypnum palustre. Linn. Sp. PI. 1593. Sm. FJ.
Brit. 1329. Huds.50'^. JVitk. 8,57. HuU. 272.
Turn. Muxc. Hib. 191.
H. luridum. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 291. Crypt. V. 4.99.
/. 38. Dkks. Crypt, fast. 4. 18.
H. heterophyllum aquaticum polycephalum repens.
Dili. Muse. 293. (. 37-/. 27, A, not B. Herb. Dill.
Jt OUND in marshy or walcry places, generally growing oa
stont^s, or rotten wood, and bearing Iruit in June and July.
Our jiHcimi-us were iialhtred iitar Atiindcl by Mr. Turner
r
%
««»•
C 1303 ]
HYPNUM fluviatile.
Creeping River Feather-moss.
CBYPTOGJMU J
Gen. Char. Caps, ovatemblong, from a httnl aaij
sheath. Outer Jrmgeoi 16 teeth, dilated at die
base : inner a variously-toothed membrane. PeU
smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem cree[ang. Branches elottnted,
flacdd. Leaves orate, ouicaTe, angle - lubed,
curved. Lid convex.
SvN. Hypnum fluviatfle. Swariz. Mute. Suec. 63. Sm.
JFJ.Brit.JSSO. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 277. t.'Jl.f.*.
H. luiidum. Swartz. Mtuc. Suec. 58,
T OR this rare moss, a new tcquiaitton to the Britidi Flora,
we ire obliged to Mr. Turner, who is about to describe h in
his work on Irish Mosiea. It grows upon stoues in riven,
and wu discovered in Ireland by Dr. Scott and Mr. R. Browne.
Specimens from Dr. Swarts hiouelf have determined it to
be his H.JlttviatUe as well as his Uiridum ; but the baidam of
Hedwig is the paluslre of linncus, an erect specie*, wrtuse
< »
^1
[ 1496 3
IIYPNUM alpinum.
Alpine-torrent Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGAMS Miad.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Ou^er /nngeofiateethjdilatedatthebase:
inner a variously-toothed membrane, feil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem creeping. Branches clustered.
Leaves ovate, concave, pointed, with one rib reach*
ing to the middle ; the upper ones curved.
Syn. Hypnum alpinum. Sm. i^. Brit. 1330. TV™.
Muse. Hib. 192.
H. flageliare. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 282. t. 73,/. 1—3;
the synonyms all wrong.
Sent by Mr. Winch from the north of England. Mr. Turner
had prcvlouHly ohservctl it on rocks in the alpine rt^on* of
Snowdiin, washed bv the torrent of ^^Y" Fynnon Us, ami
had aUo received it /rom Ireland. Mr. Dickson found it in
the :ilpine rivulds of Scotland, intermixed
V
i
[ I960 ]
H T P X U M copresuforme.
Cifprra-iramehed Feathtr-wtotu
Get. Csaz. Copt, omfrobloi^, from a fattid scal^
iba^ Gb^er/Via^of 16teali,ifibttd»diebase
^cBCSTzaoostT'tciodialmeinbnae. /Usmooifa.
Swr C^'*- b^si fvastrate, pomated- Learcs l-*"* ■
occf-xvi^aped, coocare, nbless, curred to oom
a^ LSi beaked.
Snt. HTpodQ ciipnssifbrme. Lhm. Sp. PI, 1592.
^«.>:.Br7/. 1331. Hetia.Sp.Masc.39l. Crypr.
T.4.S?.t.2S. HiaL.SOO. fFilh.SS8, HitIL^73.
R!ii.4SS. Sihk. 298. .'fttot. 248. Dicii, H
S^,/zx. ». CI 7«rn. Muic.Hit. 193.
H. cTspem cupresafonoe, foliis adunds. Dill, A&tc
SST. ;. 37./. 23.
H, repos ciepuni cu[»essiCanaie. Rati Syn. 89.
V ERV comiDon about the roots of tms and on rr«ki aad
StODCS ia drr wood*, rhen it fonas broad eUsiic psidwi,
tnim whiii ibcv cmw upon, and bcvinc
1
'^^
f
J
[ 2126
H Y P N U M dubium.
Fine Curve-leaved Feather-moss.
I
CRYPTOGAMIA Jfwri.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, froni a lateral sl^^
sheath. Ouler/ringeof 16 teeth, dilated at the bas«;^^
inner a variously -toothed metnbrane. f'eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem prostrate, pinnate. Leaves oTate,
pointed, single-ribbed, curved towards one side;
the uppermost sickle-shaped. Lid conical.
Syn. Hypnum dubium. Aec/ier. Muse. 161. Sm. Ft.
Brit. 1332. Dkh. Crypt, fasc. 3. 10. H. Sicc.
fasc. 13. 23. IVith. 85*. HuU. 271. T^m.
Mtuc. Hit: 195. Hqffin. Germ. v. 2. 7 1 . Bridd.
Muse. t. 3. 64.
H. filicinum /3. Hods. 498.
H. repens Bhciuum crichodes palustre. DUh Mute.
286. (. S6./. 21. Rait Syn. 85. n. 31 it, n. 28.
Leskea incurvata. Hedtv. Sp. Mtuc. 216. t. 5i.
f. 8—14.
WUR figure !b drawn from a specimen in Mr. Tamer's coU
leclion, gathered by the Ule Dr. Scoit in a rivulet at LuUnli't
town, Ireland.
The steins are f or 3 inches long, prostriie, leafy, irregu-
larly pinnaieJ, with short, curved branches. Leaves of mdiiQ
yellowish green, ovale, pointed, entire in their lower ptri,
finely serrated upward, with a strong rib; those on the Hem
broad, closely imbricated ; those on the branches more or leu
falcate, curved to one side, and longer- pointed ; all of tfaetn
frequently furnished with a fold or furrow on each side of the
rib. Fruitstalks an inch and half long, wary, purple. Shealti
of several pale, ovate, striated, acute leaves, justly observed
by Mr. Turner to be finely toothed, at least near the potot«
Capsule ovate inclining to cylindrical, brown, smooth, droop-
ing, finally curved ; a little contracted below the mouth. Lid,
acconibg to Hcdwig and Dillentus, conical and short.
„ i.MoiriltfJ-l'hA^
■«■.
7^-
[ 2127 ]
HYPNUM fallar.
Fallacious Feather-moss.
CRYPTOOAMIA MnvL
Gen. Chak. Capt, ovate-oblong, firom a lateral icaly
sheath. Qu/eryrmg^eof 16 teeth, dilated at the base:
inner a variotifily-toothed membrane. Veil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stons procumbent, divided, unequally [xn-
nate; branches crowded, sometimes compound,
leaves lanceolate, broad at the base, pfnnted,
strongly ribbed, curved, spreading. Capsule ob-
long, curved. Lid pdnted.
SvH. Hypnum fallax. Bridel. Ahac v. 3. 66. t. 2./. 1.
J. HIS new addition to the British Fiora wu dlKOvered «t
Coiwrove, Yorkshire, in 1806, by the Rev. Mr. Diltoo.
Mr. Turner bad received it the preceding year from Cambridge,
but it was lent accidentally, as a package for other tbioga.— ^
1 l)0g9.
i
^^^^^^^^J
m
a
[ 15G9 ]
HYPNUM commutatum.
Larger Curled Fern Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGJMU Muici.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base:
hmer a variously-toothed membrane, f'eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem procumbent, pectinated. Leaves
ovate, pointed, curled, ribbed almost to the extre-
mity, beardless. Lid convex, pointed.
Syn. Hypnum commutatum. Hedw. Sf*. Muxc. 58*.
Crypt. V. 4. 63. t. 26. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1353.
Dim. Muse. Hit. 196.
H. repentis filidni crispi varietas B, C, D. Dill.
Muse. 283. I. 36. /. 19, B — D.
J. HIS elegant moss grows io watery and marshy places on a
calcareous ioil. At Hack fall id Yorkshire, from uheiiec the
Kev.Mr. Dalloncommuincated our specimens, it is plentiful,
and frei^uenlly bears fruit in April and May.
The stems are perennial, from 4 lo 8 luches or more in length,
simple or divided, nisly, the ascending branches pintuicd
with a number of short hooked ones, all densely clothed with
leaves, which arc small, of a rich somewhat laMiiy green,
not shining, curved towards one side, and aTnays, whether
wet or dr)', curlod and crisped. They are ovate, entire, loog-
poiiitcd, beardless, furnished with a rib which ditappcus be>
fore it reaches ihc point, and marked with a few short ribs or
plaits at their base. Sheath pale ; its inner leaves long and
striated. Fruitstalk an inch and half long, of a line crinuon
and yellow. Capsule arcuale and drooping, ncariy cylitKlrical,
with a spreading mouth. LJd convex, scarcely conical, with
a short straight point.
(i
i
[ 1570 ]
HYPNUM filicinum.
Xesser Golden Fern Feather-moss.
CRYPTOGJMU Musci.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 1 6 teeth, dilated at the base :
vmer a variously-toothed membrane, f'eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem procumbent, imperfectly pectinated.
Leaves ovate, pointed, bearded, ribbed, curved to
one side. Lid convex, pointed.
Syn. Hypnum filicinum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1590. Sm.
Fi. Brit. 1334. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 285. f. 76.
/ 5 — 10. Cri/pt. V. *. (. 26./. A, B. Buds. 498.
fVith. 854. Hull. 271. Relh. 433. Sitlh. 294.
M-l'ot. 247. Turn. Muic. IliK 197.
H. repens filicinum crispum. Dill. Muse. 282. t. 36.
f. ly. A, E, F. Rail Syn. 85.
JjVEN Dillemus confounded this with the preceding, from
which it differs in being rather smaller, less accurately pecti-
nated, of a more golden or tawny hue, and its branchci more
densely clothed with rusty down. More precise difTcrtoce*
are found on minute examination. The leaves of H.fUcima^
arc furnished with a rib even to their points, and tipped with
a minute hair. They are falcate, or curved to one side, !□ a
wet as well as dry state, but in the latler only are iticy also
curtcd or crisped. The fruilslalks are nearly iwo inches long,
dnd proceed from the main stem. Capsule cylindrical, curved
ajid drooping. Ud convex, with a small point.
This species is not rare in watery mountainous pUces^
bearing truit, though not univenslly, in April or May.
■p
I
/•*'
[ 1327 3
HYPNUM molluscum.
Plumjf Crated Feather-mots.
CRYPTOGJMU Mtud.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovateoblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outerfringe of 16teeth,dUatedatthebase:
inner a variously-toothed membrane. Fetl smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem proomibent, pectinated. Leaves
ovate-awlshaped, curved, vithout ribs. Capsule ovate,
drooping. Lid'conicaL
Syn. Hypntim molluscum. Hedw. Sp. Mtuc. 269.
Cr^pt. V. 4. 56. (. 22. Sm. Ft. Brit. 1335. Tum.
Muse. Ilibem. 198.
H. Crista-castrensis. Hods. 498. /f7/A. 854. Hull. 271.
Relk. 434. Sibtfu ^95. Abbot. 847. Hickt. H.
Sicc.fasc. II. 20.
H. filicinum, cristam castrensem repra:sentan& DiU,
Mu.ic. 284. t. 36./. 20, A.
Muscus filicifolius luteus, foUo crasso et undulato.
Rait St/n. 86, sub 7i. 32.
L
H Y P N U M Crista-castrensis.
Ostrich-plume Fcather'tnoss*
CRYPTOGAMU Muid.
Gen. Char. Capx. ovate-oblong, from a lateral scaly
sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at the base:
irnier a variously-toothed membrane, f^eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem procumbent, closely pectinated.
Leaves lanceolate, curved, nearly entire, plaJIed,
without ribs. Capsule oblong, drooping. Lid coni-
cal, short.
Syn. Hypnum Crista-castrenMS. Linn. Sp, PI. IJ9I,
Nedw. Sp. Muse. 287. t. 76. /. 1 — ft. Eirh.
Crypt. 6.
H. n. 1768. Hall. Hist. v. 3. 34.
J. HE first British Gpecimeas we ever saw of this Sne toon
were gathered by Mr. G. Don, several years ago, bui since
the publication oi" Fl. Brit., in woods in Scotlanil. Tliat in
our p!ale was sent from a wood at the head of Hawea'Water,
Cumberland, by the Rev. Mr. Dal ton to Mr. Turner, in IS09.
We have been obliged to draw the fruit from one of Mr. Ds>
Tail's beautiful Swiss specimens.
We find by the Linniean herbarium that Hedwigwas riiffat
in the above name ; see H, molltiscum, t. 1387, which EngLfh
boianists had mistaken for Crisla-castrensis. Wc h.ive sup-
posed Dillenius's /.36.y.30, B, might bcihe latter, but ii may
not be SO) and therefore we decline a positive reference (u that
figure.
The present is a much larger and handsomer plant than the
molluscwn, more accurately and closely pectinated, and e)e>.
gantly curved, truly like an ostrich plume. Tbe lexvc* m
narrower and longer in proportion, scarcely serrated except U
their points, destituleof a rib, but plaited, and very strongly
curved. Fruit-aialks an inch and half high, or more, red.
Ciipaiilc elongated and almost cylindrical, drooping and
curved. Lid considerably shorter lb«n in fMUMKtMl, quilt
atraigbt, without any olongatcd point.
% 1 ^
J^lJMlt JW»a«* ?, A-'Ji
k
[ 1902 3
HOOKERIA lucens,
Shining Hookeria,
CRYPTOGAMIA MuscL
Gen. Char. Capn. ovate, reticulated and dotted, from
a lateral scaly sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeih :
inner membranous, with 1 6 teetli. f^eil reticulated,
cellular, undivided.
Spec. Char. Leaves in three rows, elliptical^ unifonn,
entire, without ribs.
Syn. Hookeria luccns. Sm. MSS. apud Soc. Liim.
Hypnum lucens. Linn. Sp. PL 1589. Sm. Ft.
Brit. 1295. Hedw. Fund. v. I. 13. t. \.f. 4 — 6.
Sp. Muse. 243. IIu(h. 495. /Htk. »45. /JuU.
268. Li^htf.li-X Turn. Muse. IM. 155. Dicks,
fl. Siicju^c. 2. 22.
H. pennatum aquaticum lucens, longis latisquc foliis.
Dill. Muse. 270. t. Si./. 10.
H. reprns fillcifolium ramosum, foliolis tnajoribus mi^
gisque crebris. Dili, in Rait Si/n. 88.
Gathered on HoU heath, Norfolk, laden with capsules,
id Februar)' 1808, by Mr. \V. Jackson Hooker, F.L.S- the
discoverer of Bitxbaumia aphylla, to whom I am happy to de-
dicate this new genuf ; mure especially as the reiicuUicd habit,
for which it \s conspicuous, so nearly agrees wiih ihc Junger-
mannitE, a tribe toncerning which Mr. Hooker is preparing &
very elaborate and scienlilic work.
I have long ago hinted, Fl. Brit. 1S95, that ihti mos*
might constitute a new genus, since which the obtcmiioD*
of M. Labillardiere prove jlniclmigium hulbosum of Hedwig
to belong lo the same, and I am indebted to Mr. Menzies
6 mure species, all agreeing in their reticulated capsules,
which I find the inost essential generic mark, and more or
less closely in habit and the other characters above given.
Hookeria lucent grows in wet shady places, mn^t frequently
ti the northern counties, The aiem» form t'jft» among gnus,
Tceping, partly ascending. Leaves generally id 3 rink*,
vertical, spreading in 3 rows, etliptical7 entire, pale, pellucid,
nicy, most hcautihilly rcliculateu, but without nb or veins.
Sheaths solitary ur in pairs, of ovale, pointed icavci. St^ks
red. Capsule somewhat drooping, ovate, brown, kbining,
all over reticulated, as well as its conical lid, the mai^n of
which is fringed with a chain>likc ring. Veil conical, tight,
^renaic, whitish, all over reticulated, and very
f...^..,MJ^yf/i,.;X^
J
\ I'
[ 359
rONTINALIS autipyrctica.
Greater If'aler-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU Muici.
Gen. Char, Capsule with a lid and vol, sessile, OK
closed in an imbricated calyx.
Spec. Char. Leaves pointed, folded so as to fonn a
keel, disposed in three ranks. Fructiiicatioii UtenL
Syn. Fontinalis antipyretica. Lhin. Sp. PL 1571.
HjkIs. Fl. An. 467. IVith. Hot. Art. v. 3.75.
Relh. Cant. 395. Sil-tk. Or. 293.
F. major, foliis triangularibus complicatis, capilulis is
foliorum alia sessilibus. Baii Si/n. 79.
F. triangularis major complicata, e foliorum alis capsu-
lifera. DHL Muse. 25*. /. 3S.f. 1.
JNOT uncommon in slow deep waters, gronine upon rocks,
posts, &c. floating witli the streatu cunsidLTably Ucluw the
surface, and very rarely producing any fructification.
The root is small, but strong, and ptrennia). Stem simtkf,
tough and wiry, much branched, from 3 or 4 inches (o a foot
long, clothed with numerous leaves, which arc imhricUed
generally in three rows, of an ovale sharp- pointt-d form, bui
compressed so as to become acutely carinatcd, calire in the
mar^n, their colour a deep transparent green. Capsukrs Uie-
ral, M>1itary, on very short scaly flower- stalks, clliMical, en-
tirely invested wilh imbricated ttc;iles, and their onticv ctllatn)
with about 1 6 red taper leeth. The lid is conical, and the veil
of the same form, but rather lonncr.
Linnseus informs us, in his Flora Suecica, that the Swedes
" stuff in this moss between their chimneys and u-oodeii wall*,
to guard the latter from fire ;" a passi^ which English writers
have greatly misapprehended; for, without supposing any thing
very mcombustible in its nature, it may aiiswer the purpose
ibovc described merely by preventing the passage of air.
7f
[ 1861 ].
FONTINALIS sqaamosa.
Shining Scali/ Water-mot*.
CttYPTOGAMIA Umi.
Gen. Char. Caps, oblong, lateral, enclosed in a
scaly sheath. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, dilated at
the base : irmer reticulated.
Spec. Char. Leaves imbticated, lanceolate, pobted,
concave. Scales of the sheath blunt, as well as the
lid.
Syn. Fontinalis squamosa. Linn. Sp. PI. 1571. Sm.
Fl. Brit. 1336. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 299. Cryp.
V. 3. 32. I. 12. Huds. 467. With. 788. HaU.
27J. Lif,htf. 696. Dicks. H. Sice, fate S. SJ.
7am. Mmc. Hib. 199.
F. squamosa tenuis sericea atro-virens. DHL Miae.
258. I. 33./. 3.
Iwl
I ft ^.
#"
<v.
[ 3« ]
B R Y U M hygrometricum.
Yeilow twisting Brtfum.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mtud.
Gen. Char. Ca/>f. with a lid. ^tV smooth. JFtower-
stalk from a terminal tubercle.
Spec. Char. Stem none. Capsule droo[nng, pear-
shaped. Veil oblique, angular, with a slender beaL
Leaves ovate, collected together at their points.
Syn. Bryum hygrometricum. Huds, Fl. An. 488.
Mnium hygrometricum. Linn. Sf). PL 1575. ff^th.
Hot. Arr. V. 3. 86. RelL Cant. 399.
Funaria hygrometrica. Sibtk. Ox. 288.
Bryum aureum, capitulis refiexis piriformibus, cdyp-
tra quadrangulari, foliis in bulbi fbnnam congestis.
Ra'iSyn. 101.
B. bulbiforme aureum, calyptra quadrangulari, oyiGuIis
piriformibus nutanlibus. DULMusc. 4/cn. t. 52./. 75.
£<XTRGMELY common on moist garden walks and neglected
flower-pots, waste ground, heaths, ok. producing ita capsulcf
in th« spring and early part of summer abundantly.
Ruots IfJiig, simple, downy. Stem none, or very short,
bearing a few broad, in-ale. entire, acute, pellucid leaves, so
fff:
[ 1497 ]
F U N A R I A Muhlcubf rgii.
Hair-pointed Cord-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Miud.
Gen. Char. C«/».t. obovate. Outer fringe of 16 ohWquc
teeth, cohering at their tips: inner 6f 16 flat teeth,
Flowers terminal. Feil beaked.
Spec. Char. Leaves concave, finely serrated, im-
pointed. Capsule oblique. Veil cylindrical. Lid
slightly conical.
Syn. Funaria Muhlenbergii. Tuni. in .-InnaU of Bo-
tamjj V. 2. 198.
r on this new and hiahly interesting addition to ihc Flora of
Britain wu are obligeiTto the Hcv. Mr. Dalton of Copgrove,
who fuiind it in that neighbourhood. It was first diacoicrcd
near Lancaster in Pennsylvania by the Rtv. Dr. Muhlcnbcre,
and i» mentioned by Mr. Turner in his work on Irish Mni^ses,
p. 106, as well as in Dr. Sims, and Mr. Konig's AiinaU of
Botany. It makes only the third species hitherto knouu of
the very distinct and natural genus to which I( belongs, one
of which species is common in Europe, and is figured in nur
jth volume, t, 34S, and the remaining one, from Htspxniolj,
is in the LinnEe.-in herbarium.
The plants ot the present species grow in a scattered manner,
and at first sight greally resemble the Gymnostomun pt/ri-
forme, (. 413, tut are of a darker green. Tlie stem i« short
and simple. Root brown, long, ]>robably annual. Lca*c«
scarcely at all spreading, concave, ovate, finely serrated, acute,
with a strong rib terminating in a hatr-liKc point ; their
substance more reticulated ih.an in F. kygronulrica. Sulk
terminal, not an inch long, ofa fine red, somewhat curved.
Capsule nearly upright, pear-shaped, oblique, smooth, erecn.
Lia of a short conical form, red at the edge. Outer trin«
red; inner pale green. Veil bent obliquely, infl»led at t&e
hnsc, its heik cylindrical, not quadranguUr.
I Mil
[ 2324 ]
FUNARIA Templetoni.
Long-fruited Cord-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mtaa.
Gen. CfiAR. Ci!i/)j. obovate, OuferyVinge of l6 oblique
teeth, cohering at their tips : inner of l6 flat teeth.
Floivers termioal. l^eil beaked.
Spec. Char. Stem elongated, somewhat branched.
Leaves spreading, ovate, entire. Capsule oborate,
tapering at the base.
Discovered by our worthy friend Mr. Templrtoo nor
Belfast ; and we gladly accede to the wishes of Mr. Turner, in
calling it after the discoverer, especially as we have sought in
vain for any thing similar, among several nondescript exotic
Fitnaru^ now in our possession.
This species differs widely from the only two of its genus abcady
described as British, see /. 342 and 1497, in ita caulescent
habit, and scarcely oblique fruit, the form of which is fiir more
slender than in those, with an elongated tapering base. The
proliferous and occasionally branched stem shows this moss to
be perennial. The leaves differ from F. hifgronetrica in being .
expanded and nearly flat ; from F. Afuhlenhergii moreorer in
being entire, and, though pointed, destitute of a hair-like ter-
mination, — The fringe is quickly deciduous and very tender, nor
have we had an opportunity of examining it cnticsllv. Tim
veil is sufficiently like the rest of the genus^ though not, ■■ in
the original species, quadrangular.
#
A,.^«MUJ'4^^^--&-^~^-
1
/A.
[ 997 3
BARTRAMIA Halleriaiia.
Lateral Barlramia.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mujii.
Ges. Char. Capfule fpherical, at length furrowed.
Outer fringe of x6 tapering teeth ; toner a plaited
membrane.
Spec. Char. Fniit-fialks lateral, curved, (horter iban
the leaves. Leaves lincar-awlfhaped, without la-
teral nerves.
Sv!f. Bartramia Halleriana. Hedw. Crypt, v. t. iii.
/. 40. Swartz. A8. Holm. ann. 1795. 268.
Brvum iatcrole. Ilttdf. i^%. Ligbtf.yij. W/J.813.
Hull. 254. Dick/. H. Sice.fafc. 5. 20.
J; OUKD in the motfl Aony parts of mouotainooB woodt in
Scotland, Wales, and the north of England, but not codidooIt.
Mr. Grifiith fent our fpecimens from Wfales in July i8oo> al
which fcafon the feeds are for the moft part ripe.
ThiE mofs forms broad patches ofdenfc, upright, branched
ficms, near two inches high, and entirely clothed from top to
bottom with leaves, which are a little more inclined to one
fide than the other. The lower part of the Hems is alio dotbed
witii dcnfe brown woolly radicles. The leaves fuddenly taner
from 3 broad bafe into a linear- awl fliapcd flcnder figure, ter-
I
I
I
\ift
?s-
I 998 ]
EARTRAMIA pomiformis.
^fi/ile Bartramia,
CRYPTOGAMIA Mt/a.
Gen. Char. Capjule fpberical, at leoeth furrowed.
Outer fringe of 16 tapering teeth ; tmtr a pivted
membrane.
Spec. Char. Fruit-ftalks eret^, longer than tbe
Acms. Leaves awlfhaped.
Stk. Bartramia pomirormis. Swartz. Jet* Holm,
arm. 1795. a68.
Br)'um pomHopne. Uim. ^. Pi. 1580. ^0^474.
ffiih. 8z2. Huff. %S9; ^^- SujfK 3. la
jihbot. 240. Dickf. H. Sice. fafc. 10. ao.
B. capillaceuni, capfuHs fpbserids. ViJl. Mttfc. 339.
/. 44./. I.
B. trichoides virefcens, creflis majufculis capitulii
malifbrmibus. Raii Sjn. 97.
J. HIS elwint mofs is found here and there on findr Aa^
faanka, or in oladc boggy mould in tbe clefts of roeki, Dcuiw
tugrccn round fruit 3Dout April, which in thefollowiDgtlioDn
difcharges the feeds, becoming brown, more oblong, aai
marleeti with 16 parallel funows as in the orccedipg. Tbne
t p' f J
\
1^'
■ Zi^lV'^ '• J.-.i,.^/. Jm^,
[ 1326 ]
BARTRAMIA crispa.
Frizzled Bartramia.
arTTOGAtOA Mmia.
Ccc Chas. r^lMli- ^ihmnl, 2t length (iimnred.
OiAifimfft of 16 apavg teeth } mner a pUited
Skc-Ceux. Fi«t«3lfcs cno, loopr lllaD tile atcBtt.
LansjeBaoK, ^mi m iIk base, cuiied what
*^ Oil 11* «t»>« cMqiie. Lid o<)lusely
a^a. &r«r(^ ifcK. Sure. 7J.
1. iir.
SniL ■
. ki>s«err Rc^ieqaMiaalBlbeBkiliifa
hiiii mi Viket ge^oMB mBalf.
•1 Ckna • Am aiBI;^ Ifc TWaoi ia the nkiUe
I r I I ir I' •tht-Smtmiib. Eai« jhx
^pnA. ■— fe% Aai^rf it. •< d_lr eaabblnl k •• a
Hr. H.f.Mft.
TW ■ I r I i^.T-h^faj Urmiidiia
Svsaieka^MrivKkHtalKliMdkai. LcaNapakgrn^
«r II I il 1 I fcM^ 1
■>. Wks ij Iker
>>-'■
I
[ nio ]
BARTRAMIA ithjphylla
Straight-leaved Bartramia.
CRTPTOGAMIA Musd.
G£K. Char. Capsule spherical, at length fuirowed.
Outer fringe of 16 bpering teeth ; inner a plaited
meniDrane*
Spec. Char. Fmit-ctalks erect, loiter than the stems.
Leaves capillary, vith a very broad base, eotfre,
very sti^ht when dij.
Stn. Banninia hhypb^a. Uridel. Muse v. 4. I9S.
». 1./ 6. Turru and Dillie. Bol. Guide, 730.
fFimdu Bot. Guides 113.
JoiL SOWEBBT mfamu mc that this moss was 6nt fouiul
ik GrM BritMB bf bb id aon Mr. George Soweiby, in M«y
ltas,x Lhn-mh, near Paoi-Dedd-vccbaa, in South W^
■HK «fekk k hi bren Knt him by the Bcv. Mr. Daltoo &om
TwfaAiR* ■od Mr. WtDch fnm Northumberland, h is
pniMifcf, as Bridel uhauiu, not uncoranKm in EuropC)
knwg beoi <M^ OTCflooked tar B. pom^ormis, v. l*.
mn, taken fiir the latter ereo by the
tltKm fioMthc ^woB jaw mentiongJ in hiring loader,
■Miii»rt. ^|BHM cafBbfy, lad alnost pcffa;t]]r entim leana,
(ttevgh vtfy mmsk dtesd « die baa^} which in mry HXic
«f ^ fte^ wtcAcr ^ or wci, always remain perfectly
■MM^ md ftm ■ bMwm bf cipqiaM^ to be a good ipedfic
Mfcww. The cafwltr fiw on kog, tcnnioal. upright,
A«^ sM^aKMaght, fnitstaflts, and arc larger than ihoie
rfB>/iiijfi nil Wbca ripe ibejr >R deeply and r
HMiW «iih iC&nows.
drigi^^
in
o
■.• .i
1 .
[ 1826 ]
BARTRAMIA graci
Tall Slender Bartramia.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mud.
Gen. Char. Capsule spherical, at length furrowed.
Outer fringe ol IQ Xz^enn^ teeth; inner a plaited
membrane.
Spec. Char. Fruit-stalks erect, taller than the stems.
Leaves lanceolate, revolute, angle-ribbed, serrated
towards the point. Stems elongated.
Syn. Bartramia gracilis. Flbrk in Schrad. Journ. v. 2.
171. Sm.Fl. Bill. 1S41.
B. Oederiana. Swartz MSS. — Mohr. Ind. 5.
Bryum Oederi. Retz. Prod. 261. Fl. Dm. t. 478,
i
J.N the year 1 78S I received from my worthy friend Mr. Dick-
son a ScQitiih sptcinien of this moss, as a probably new spe-
cies, which agreeing with original ones tVom the authors abore
Quoted, caused mt to admit it into the Ft. Brit. ; with mca-
tion of Ireland also as its native country on the authority of
Dr. Scott and Mr. Turner. But while my final sheet was un-
der correction, my correspondent last-named informed me,
with his umal candour, ot his hiving made a mistake, and 1
therefore, p. 1407, struck out this species hb foreign to our
Flora, at thai moment not advening to Mr. Dickson's »pcci*
men. U remains however on his original authority, now
confirmed by Mr.G. Don, who.linds it on the summits tX
some of the highland mountains, bearing ripe fmit in August,
and to whom we are obliged for this specimen.
The stems are much taller than those of fl. pomifbrmis,
t. 998, as well as more slender, compact, and usually leM
branched. The leaves are very different, being more broadly
lanceolate, revolute; when dry recurved and twisted; serrated
towards the point. Their colour is darker than in that plant.
Fruii-sislks red. Capsules smaller, and more evidently curved
towards one side when ripe.
Mr. Turner's Irish specimen, which led to the abn^'e error,
is figured in his Mine. Hih. I. iO.f. 1, as a probable variety
of B.fonlana, with which it seems lo us not well to accord,
and we should tAthcr assent to bis suggestion of its betug a
new specici.
1106
\ r
J
M 'j;
B R Y U M fontanum.
Fountain Bryum.
CRYPTOGAUiA Mujil
Gen. Char. Capf. with a lid. fell fmooth. Fiouer-
Jialk from a terminal tubercle.
Spec. Char. Capftile oblique, rotindifh. Stem branch-
ed. Leaves ovate, aeute, a little remote, entire.
Syn. Bryum fontanum. HudJ. Fl. vf«. 475. ^bth.
Ox. 189.
B. paluftrc, fcapis teretibus flellatis, capfulis magnti
lubrotundis. Dill. Mujc. 340. (• 44./ a.
Mnium fontanum. hirm. Sp.Pl. 1574. JVilb.Bot-
Arr. -v. 3. 85. L'lhtf. Scot. 708.
Mufcus paluftris Adianto aureo affinis, fcapis tenui-
bus, foliolis brcvibus. Raii Syn. 98.
Jr REQUENT ill tlie boggy foil about clear cold fprings 011
mountainous commons and heaths, very confpicuous at a <lir-
flance from the wide yellowiUi patches it forms in fiich filia-
tions, and often occupying the whole courfe of a rivulet through
a fmall alpine meadow.
Roots perennial, tufted, brown, (lemscrcft, tliickir clnflcr-
cd together, leafy, Hender, generally once divided into 3 or
more branches from one centre, with now and then a flraggliDg
branch befides, fo that we could fcarccly have belieTedlJn-
nxus had intended the fame mofs, were not his own Lanlaml
fpccimcns now before us. The leaves are fmall, ovate, (harp-
pointed, but little fpreading, frequently fo thinly fcl that tlic
ted Rem appears between them. Male flowert in large termi-
nal heads, confiding of numerous yellow antherac, furrounded
by a circle of large fpreading Jeaves. Fniit-ftalks from the
divarication of the branches on a dilferent plant from the male
flowers, long, (lender, each bearing a large globofc oblique cap*
fule, with a fmall beaked lid. Thefe capfulcs are to be found
throughout the fummer.
We do not hcfitate to refer this and the preceding to ihc
genus Bryum rather than Mnium, as the male flowers of ibe
fatter ought to be quite naked. Linnxus ran counter 10 that
definition in reckoning every tiling a Malum in wliiiJi nuk
Sowers were difcorcraole at all, whether naked or leafy.
k
\[
tip
, " V/ .!»■
[ 2074 ]
BARTRAMIA marcbica.
Bog Barlramia.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mum.
Gen. Char. Capsule spherica^ at length funroweA
Outer fringe of I G tapering teeth ; inner a plaited
membrane.
Spec. Char. Fruit-stalks erect, taller than the steow.
Leaves lanceolate, finely serrated, imbricated in
five Vows. Bnnches clustered, slender, upright.
SvN. Bartramia marchica. li^eb. and Mohr. Ind. Atus. S.
Swarfz in Sckrad. Joum.for 1800. ISO.
Leskia marchica. H'Uld. Berol. SI 9.
Mnium marchicum. Hedw. Cnjpt. v. 2. 108. (. 39.
Discovered at the fails of Mones* by Abcrfeldy, in the
Highlands of Scotland, in 1 808, by Mr. W. Borrcr and Mr.
W.J. Hooker, but without fructification . That deficiency
we have supplied from East Indian specimens, exactly agree-
ing with ihe British ones, which we have the authority of out
intelligent friendlast named to say, arc what is called by mu-
take B.fontana in his paper on Nepal Mosses, Tr. of L. Sat.
V.9. 317.
This species has extremely the aspect of B.fantana, {Bryvm
fontanum,) I. ZQO, but when examined with a common mini-
fying glass, the leaves are found much more closely imbri-
cated, ranged in 4 or 5 spiral rows, lanceolate, with longer
more taper terminations, and when more highly nu^ified
they prove lo be finely serrated, which Mr. J. D. Sowerfay has '
first detected, for Hftlwig repre?enis them emirc. Several
young, short, leafy, angular branched are clusMhed roUnd the
base of each fruitstalk, which n*es much fliovc them, Ving
near 2 inches long, red, rather stronger than io ihnfontama.
The capsule is somewhat smaller and more globular, but
icarcdy any difference is observable in the lid.
r
m
J
(..^^ytMij/^^^-i^
[ 1237 ]
EARTBAMIA unuta.
Cv~:K~ttMlied Smrirmmia.
Q==s~ C.~ ' 1- CjyaL* ^ibeicd, z lo^A finnmi
CttCfT "^"Xr? IE lo ^BBOC ICAb ; nOKT a pUlEd
:?* J. Cz-i-i. ? r^'Calks pcortoL Leans Bnceofatti
Stt. Ksisni a-r-'jf-TTn. AieiL Cmpt.Jiut. 3. S. (. '•
-: 5. H So:./«f. & 19. ffltk. 803.
n»;^MLiii trrnoaxnsm. IXeh. Cn/pi./asc. S. 11
H. ja&isce eecrsEi,ccfiiiIciea, baa mgiicante. Dill
Jl&KT. 302. ;. 39./ S& Aui 5yw. 83.
A* JUL gC7jRnu IhhiL SS5.
i tr ^.'J-—--^ .*■"•*»
f/.
[ 1237 ]
BARTRAMIA arcuata.
Curve-stalked Bartramia,
CRYPTOGAMIA JIfiuct.
Gen. Char. Captule spherical, at length fiiziDwed.
Outer fringe of 16 tapering teeth ; inner a [dahed
membrane.
Spec. Char. Fniit-stalks Fecurred. Leaves UnceoUie*
many-nerved, finely senated. Branches scattered,
spreading.
SvN. Mnium arcuatum. Dicis. Crypufaic. 3. 2. (. T.
/. 3. H. Siccfasc. 6. 19. ff^ttL 803.
M. chrysocomum. Hedio. Sp. Miuc. 74.
Hypnum chrysocomum. Dicks. Crypt.fatc. 2. IS.
H. palustre erectum, com& lutea, bad nigricante. IMIU
Muse. 302. (. 39./ 36. Rail Syn. 83.
Bryum arcuatum. Hull. S55.
± HIS elegant moss U a native of alpine bogs. It
without ftuciificaiion. to Richardson and Djllcni
was Icnown, 1
illcnius ; bm the
i
i MM' I
//=
f^-
[ 1238 ]
MNIUM androgynura.
Narrow-leaved Spring-most
CRYPTOGAMU I
Gen. Char. Caps, cylindrical, at length fumnred.
Onter fringe of 16 tapering teeth ; hmer a hd-
niated membrane. Veil smooth, flowers tenmnaL
Spec. Char. Monoedous. Capsule straight. lidco.
nical. Leaves imbricated every way, ^readin^
toothed at the point.
SvK. Mnium androgynum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1574. Hiidi.
472. Hedw. Theor. 149. (. 12./. 48--5a
M. perangustis et brevibus foliis. Dill. Mute. 230.
t. 31./ 1. Rati Syn. 78.
Bryum androgynum. Hedw. Sp. Mute. 178. fFiUu
836. Hull. 262. Abbot. 238.
It wu with singular pleasure I found, on a careful ■cnitiny
of the genera ot mosses for the Flora Brittamica, ihat the
original genus of Mtman in Dilleniut ought on everr tccouot
to be preserve^I separate from Bn/um, and that the fumnnd
capsule formed its decisive and unexceptiooable character. No
.! ■'•■!. . -■■■■■
■ ■■ .y4'^--r ^-^^
iUi* '^ -
/-.(■.»V. ..-.u i..,.-
.,'tit'l'xil r. >lt/,i-"
iK -■•■■'■
.^^wij-wiiarfil* ■"■'
1, -...I-- ::rivni''l'''}^^
...|.-nfl V -'■' -■
■:'■■ ;i" ;■ lif .-^ n«(
^^f
f
uiil>
/foi JiJ^,^ I, 7m' J"—^ J,^4rt
9^
[ 1239 ]
MNIUM conoideum.
Club-fruited Spring-moss,
CRYPTOGAMU Vusd.
Gen, Char. Caps. cyUndrical, at length fumnred.
Outer fringe of 16 tapaing teeth; ioner a laa-
niated membrane, f^eil smooth. Ftouiert temunaL
Spec. Char. Monoecious? Capsule stiai^t, obovate.
lid awl-^aped. Leaves imbricated every way,
spreading, entire.
Syk. Bryum conoideum. Dicks, Crypi. fasc. 4. 9.
'■ ^ ^'•^' ^' --
A IIIS mosB unqneationably belongs to the aamc genua vitb
Uk preceding, with which it agrees closely in habit, espe-
cially in the peculiar round dots of its leaves, as wcH as in the
essential generic character of the furrowed capsule- Hr. Dick-
ton found it on the tmnks of Beeches near Inverary. Our
■peciincns were gathered by Mr. Tenpleton, on Pear-trees in
bis orchard near Belfast; and it is to tliis gentleman, through
Mr. Turner, we are entirely indebted for a knowledge of the
inner fringe, which he describes and delineates in fine c^l-
j^Cf^
uttt>
jir„-nts3 -/w*-*-^ :■
f^.
[ 891 ]
BR YUM palastre.
Marsh hryum.
CRYPTOGAMIA Masd.
Gen. Char. Caps, vith a lid. Feil smoodi. PJamtf,
stalk from a temunal tubercle.
Spec. Char. Capsule oblique, oblong. Stem bnncbed
and forked. Leaves lanceolate, pointed, waral,
entire.
SvM. Mnium palustre. Linn. Sp. PI. ISJ4. Sudt^FL
An. 472. JVtth. Bot. Arr. v. S. 85. RtUu ComL
398. Light/. Scot. 708.
M. majus, ramis loogioribus bifiircatis. RaU &/n. 78.
Dill. Muse. 233. t. 31./. 3.
v>OMMON in bo^y meadows and the moitt parts of bctth^
producing iis fructiDcition in Miy and June.
lis sterna form thick tufts, and they are matted log«ther by a
dense brown woolliness which clothes their lower part ; thcr
^s-
[ 1240 ]
BRYUM nutans.
Silky Pendulous Tkread-mot$.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mva.
Gem. Char. Caps, ovat(M>blong, smooth. Fringe
double : outer of 16 teeth, broad at their base : n-
ner a toothed membrane. Flowers terminal.
Spec. Char. Stem mostly ample. Leaves lanceolate,
acute, keeled. Capsule obovate, pendulous, obtuse.
Sym. Bryum nutans. Schreb. Lips. 81. Swartz. Miuc.
Suec. 46. Roth. Germ. v. 3. 252.
B. sericeum. If^th. 839. I/ull. 265. Sibth. 29S.
B. trichodes Izte virens, c^ituUs cemuis oblongib
Dill. Muse. 391. /. 50./. 61. Rait Syn. 100.
Webera nutans. /fe(^.£/).J(/tuc. 168, CTypt,v,l.9.
i.'4.
Jt* OUND on mountainous heaths, ripening its fruit in July
and AuguEt. Dillenius gathered i( near Woolwich ; the Rev.
Dr. Abbot in Apsley wood, BcdAirdsbire ; ind Mr. Turner
near Dublin. . We have seen it about rocks on Cromford
, near Matlock.
f
Ua\S
i (, j:^'JV_--*.-4'-*-
1
*-^
p- .
', t«
[ 389 ]
B R Y U M aureum.
Golden BryuTR,
CRYPTOGAMIA Mufii.
Gin. Char. Cijif. vi\th a lid. Feil fmooth.
JLiU from a lerminal tubercle.
Spec. Char. Capfulc drooping, pear-fhaped with a
frritflun: in the middle. Leaves bri(Ue-(bapcd.
Stx. BfTum aureum. Htdf. Ft. An. 487. Dkkf. E.
Sitt. fafc. 8. 19.
Mnium pyriibnne. Ijmt. Sp, PJ. 1576. ffith. Bet.
jirr. f. J. 89.
B. tricbodes aureum, capfulis piriformibus nuta^H
bus. Diil. Mafc. 391. t. 50./. 60.
ita^^
X HE rare xnd clcnnt little ibo6 here cielineated was origi
nallf found by Dr. Dccring on the rocks of Nottingham^^,
ami fent by bim to Diilcaios. Mr. Huiiroii feems never to tiTe
gatbetcd u. Mr. Cn>we and Mr. Dickfon found it fomc yean
ago in Svneyi and Dr. Soudt met with it rery unexpefledly yi
17901 as w«U as repeatedly fince, on tiM infide of the walls of
fone fnsuet far gracti-lM«fe planes, in the garden of Mcfirs. Lee
and KemedytHaBBotehh, perfe^ine its c^fnlcs in July, as
tbe Rev. Mr. Wood of Leeds likewife ^crrcd them in Wales.
The ftens grow end, ia Utile tnfis, to die height of } of an
Indit and are clothed wiA B^ Eiceo, very ddicaie and flcnder,
taperiiis> cndic kavcs, foaae of the oppcrmoft of which arc
mnch kMRcr &ia ihc lefti IbeaiuiB a tott or ftar, in the centre
of whkhnand the lathcrzuaCiaieiadmdBab, and in others the |
ftut-ftalk [Ebr fe the ftAmeuiti any properly be called in this
tribek wluch aiUes, ham an oUaag tnbodc, to the hci^ of
aboTC an inch. Thb ftalk is capilhryi Kghlty waved, of a vivid
SoU or ocaofe oaiosr. Caplfnka pear-Oupcd, green when
yonn^ raeniiw bto the £uBe htigfat odour as Ac ftalk, dofcd
with an heaunhxtkal lid, covered when yoai^ with a vhhe
Sender i«U, wtikh DiDeams never Ctw. The capfnle is bor>
dcied widi 16 fprea^ag whicc teedi, and dofed with ocher aik I
nival ones bcfidcs, actmdwig to Hcdwig's diander flf Brjmm. '
ft.
BRYUM elongatum.
Elongated Thread-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU Muid.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, broad at the
base : inner a toothed membrane. Flowers termi-
nal. C(i/)5u/e ovate-obiong. smooth. /^iV smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem nearly simple. Leaves Uaear-
lanceolate, thick-edped. Capsule incUiUDg, cylin-
drical, tapering at the base.
Syn. Bryum elongatum. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1349. Dkkt.
CnjjH.fasc. 2. 8. IVith. 832. Hull. 263. Turn.
Muse. Hd: 114.
Pohlia elongata. Hedic. Sp. Muse. 171. Crypt. v. 1.
96. /. 36. Ehrh. Crypt. 64-
DiLLEXIUS gaihered this moss on Clogwyn y gamrfrf,
North Wales, as appears from his herbarium, and confounded
it with -B. nutans, his N" 6l, from which It is very distinct.
Our specimens were collected on Ingleborough, Yorkshire, by
Mr. W. Brunton. The capsules ripen in June and July.
Hoots slender, tolled, black, perennial. Stems erect,
slender, generally about half an inch high, simple, leafr,
sometimes, from luxuriance, branched. Leaves dark shining
green, rather spreading, lanceolate or linear- lanceolate, acute,
beardless, single -ribbed, with an entire, somewhat thickened
margin. Fruitstalk an inch or inch and half high, mostly
Bolitary, upright, of a shining tawny red, yellowish at the
top. Cap=uIo more or less inclining, not penduloui ; when
young, ohovate and a liille curved; when ripe longer, and
almost cylindrical, ils lower half, or thereabouts, consisting
of an inversely conical base. The mouth is narrow, the lid
thort, conical and acule, of an orange hue. Outer fringe
rather short, pale brown; inner white, simply toothed, as
Hedwig describes it.
p ^
;
»«
131T ]
SKTni
CeilC^ii. frjotiatik
Seme- C^A^ 3BC XK fede hihni Leans boar,
iHiiiM Oi^fiw ooime, wcantOf m liliiiig.
£S3L a mil. -"-fc-"*— X«a. % PL 1585. ^
K. 3rTL -ixx- Oat. CnfLfait. 1.7. a Sice
cisw^ 0££. Ill I ata.i.m./.sa.
5.S.I.
Tas — ^ » .*it» n I \m^*Mit^timflaa
i
If
e
BRVUM dealbatnm.
Paie-httttd Tkread-mosi.
carpTOGjjaj MMtd.
IjGkk. Chak. Omter Jrnge of I6 teeth, broad ai the
■z L— ei' a toadied aexixzae. Ftmcers tenni-
C^nale onte-«likiig, smooth, feil smoodL
Snc. Chas. Stem \erf dioci, ample. Leaves Uo-
^ Rncnlated, obscurely serrated at the poinL
CsHvc Goovatc* tDcfinm^.
Sra. Bfj^ ^aKmnm. 5m. F7. Bril. 1350. Dich,
Oypt. fiue. 2. S. t. S. f. 3. /f7iA. 816. MciJ:
258. Dom. Hfrt.fasc 4. 99.
Meen dealbata. Swartz. Muse. Suec. 44. 94. (. 5.
/. 10. Haiu: Sp. AIusc. 17*. /. 41./. 6 — 9.
Communicated bv our tw) intelligent and indcfaiigi-
blc friend Mr. G. Don from a inaishy spot in the King's Part,
Edinburgh. It bears its capsules in the spring and sumracTi
and is presuined to be pcrcnnixl. Mr. Crowe gathered Ur
came on sandy turft' ground at St. Faith's near Norwich.
It is known by the pale whitish hue or lis leaves. Tk
stems are ^ort and simple. Leaves pellucid, of a mem-
branous appearance, reticulated with rather coarse veini, tan-
ceolate, acute, single-rihixrd, very obscurely serrated near the
point only. Fruitstalk solitary, an inch and half higb, ter-
minal, erect, red, rather wavy. Capsule inclining, particu-
larly when dry, pear-shaped with a contracted base, curved,
obtuse, brown, opaque, not polished. Lid convex, slmoft
hemispherical. Outer fringe short, reddish ; inner twice n
long, yellowish, formed of 16 teeth united by a reUculattd
ba«e.
t
1 ,illl^ '
p
'i!
[ 2394 ]
BRYUM triquetrum.
Long-stalked Thread-mosa.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mud.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teetli, broadest atS
base; tnrier a tootlied membrane. Flowers termi-
iial. Capsule ovate- oblongs, smooth. Veil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem subdivided. Braaches simple,
erect. Leaves spreading in tbree rows, ovalo-
lancenlate, sharp-pointed, finely serrated. Cap-
sule slender-pearshaped, oblique and incufred.
Lid conical.
SvN. Bryum triquetrum. Turn. Muse. Htb. 115.
Mniud) triquetrum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1579, exelud*
iiig the syDonyms. Ehrh. Phi/toph. 59.
Meesia longiseta. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 173. Crypt.
V. 1. 56. /. 2], 2a. Swarlz. Muse. Stuc. 43.
W E introduce this stately moss to the acqiiainlanee of Bri-
tish botanisls, nti the authority of Mr. Tiirra^r, viho mention*
it as discovered by Dr. Scotl, " about the borders of some lake
in the north of [relnnd." It bears fruit in •' uly, and ii pcren-
ntiil, growing always in a spongy peat soil. Having nrm
M.V11 IrLsh sm-cimi-ns, we are obli^'d to have recourse to Sttv>
dish and Swiss ones, in very line prest-rvation ; by which we
are enabled to correct certain innccuracies in our prrdei-eoon.
The stems grow in tufts, and are several inches high ; nut
simple, but branched ; thf^ annual shoots indefd are usinlly
■imple ant) upri^fht. Leaves in tbrf« rows, spmidirig, li|^l
green, nearly ovale, keeled, with a shar|> point more or KM
elongated, a strong rib, but no awn ; the edges niidt-r a high
magnifier prove to be finely serrated, bv no nn-atu entire.
The leaves of former seasons are permanent, bUckencd, int«-
mixed with rusty-black down. Vuiui:; Itowcre, eiicompaMcd
with star-like leaves, tenninale the branches. 'I'hese stvm de-
stined to bear fruit in (he following sumniiT. The fniit^olk*
are terniiniil, soliliry, uncommonly loiitr, (even Uiree or foor
inches,) somewhat wavy, red and very elegant. Capsule pals
brown, smooth, pearsh'tped, a little oblique, bent wltere JU cv
vily reaches the soUd base, or spurious apophysis. Ltd coai-
c.il, short, acute. Outer U'mge short ami utunt, as (I '^ '
by Ued«i£.
r^/
1
[ 16» ]
BBTr\I alpinDm.
C3JPT0CJMJJ J
&2K. f=»» Que- /'-iji of 16 tccA, bnod tt Ae
Mfiii Mill C^Hle tUaf,
SnL &Taii i^BBL Ziia. IfaaL 309L Ai. A
A-^ISSS. ai2i.4aa WilLMl. BidLtH.
Zaxr: ':3s. 7i>-<. Jfcx. Si. IS5.
R. hi[M jT I !■ nhJiiM mil ml, coou loiigiu m^
u3M.l.5a/. 6*.
:1
[ I9M ]
BRTtTM a»pititiam.
l^aaer Matted Thrad-moi
CMTtTOGJiad Mt^d.
GoL Chja. OMb-,^1^ of 16 teedi, tvood at Ae
■■■e : ^Mer a 100900 lueiubtjue. FI<mmt$ tem*
oodi. Fn/smooifa.
■ bnndicd from die base, tafui
fiat, hsr-poBtted, man
Six. fti M 1 1 ipiiiiiii Sm. Fl. BriL \SS*. Lha.
^AlSSG. A^:.^.JIfcir. ISO. Hadi.«».
iiU.Mfi. ficL39Q. Idgklf.tae, Curt. lend.
Jmt, S. t, S7.f. I. r«rK. Mmc at. ISO.
B. peadabHi arxmn cjapidciinn ei pilosmu, Kti
Inkri. A^ Abe. 396. /. JOl/ 66, A— £.
& tndndes cfiMfc irfexB, pediciilis inu mcdieatf
ida^ i^in iMBO-viRBribus. Itaii Sya. lOOi
Mmm 1 1 \ukkmm SeO. 4Sl. frith. 90n. Ji-
tafm
GqBOION mm vaBi ad n>o6. mdj buks and {rndlf
pMy|hiu, hang b^ fan FiAnmy to April.
The ifeai «r ponwd. Mid fbra douc auhioo-like tufti,
AarbnaEha AviCof ban the very hue, each abotu 9 or 4
fiats im^ BBiffc, qvcadai^ k*fy) obtose and terumMii
hj ■ aany bad «f kavcs Ui^ ihm the rest. LoTct d
hn^ p«Bi iw*i liniliH, Saltish, entire, with a noglc
rib wbicb caA m a bHr-&£ point. Frati-ttalks ■olituj' boa
ihe kmc «f dw bvaicba; ciptllay, DpHght, jn inch ormoft
II hcj^t, tbrir lowrr pwt crimaoOf th« upper gmn. C^mIe
, orale wben foong; then obovaic, with a 000*0,
I fid; at length dibud at the inouib. Fringe of pik
ste teeth. V'dl Uper, sharp-pointed.
It «ai be acm br referrii^ lo /. 1601 bow diflcrest Bryt»
licribr M from thn yeciq.
/?^.
[ 1601 ]
BRYUM bicolor.
Two-coloured Tkread-m
CRYPTOGAMIA Mutd.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, broad al die
base : inwr a toothed membrane. Flowert tenxa-
nal. d^fu/e ovate-oblong, smooth. ^^7 smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem very short, branched at the base.
Leaves ovato-lanceolate, pointed. Capsule onte,
obtuse, pendulous.
Syn. Bryum bicolor. Dicks. Crypt.fasc. 4. 16. Su.
Ft. Brit. 1355. TunuMusc. Hib. 12I.I. 11./.2.
B. n. 66, varietas parva. Dill. Muac. 397. t. 50.
/. 66, F, G.
Communicated by Mr. W. Bmnton from the neigh-
bourhocxi of Ripon, Yorkshire. It bears capsules id Much,
and is supposed to be perennial. I have it from SwitxerUnd,
and have also gathered it near Rome. It loves a barren sandy
The plants grow in rather loose tufts, and are very short.
IMi J
.1 "JUD .unO
., )
a
' -i-^Vi- f.-'.'.'~w.._=,~/,..
BRYUM argenteum.
Silvery Thread-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Musci.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, broad at the
base; inner a toothed membane. Flcnverx termi-
nal. Capsule ovate-oblong, smooth, yell smooth.
Spec. Char. Stems tufted, branched from the base.
Leaves ovate, concave, imbricated, with pellucid co-
lourless bristly points. Capsule ovate, pendulous.
Syn. Bryum argenteum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1586. Sm.
Fl. Brit. 1355. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 181. Huds. 4S9.
IVilh. 838. Hall. 256. Relk. 427. Siblh. 293.
jibbot. 243. Dicks. H. Sicc.fasc. 15. 19. Otrl.
Lond.fasc. 3. (. 67./. 2. Turn. Muse. Hit. 122.
B. pendulum julaceum, argenteum et sericeum. DilL
Muse. 392. (. 50./. 62.
B. capitulis subrotundis reBcxis, cauliculJs teredbua
argenteia, Reiii Sj/h. lOO.
V-'OMMON in the spring on dry open spots, especially on
the top;^ of walls and stone roofs, where its beautiful silvery
hue in moist weather renders it impossible to be overlooked or
mistaken.
The stems form perennial, round, cushion-like tufts, and
when separated are found to be much branched, about half an
inch high, with cylindrical blunt branches, tapering at the
base. Leaves closely imbricated on all sides, of a broad otue
figure, swelling, entire, singk-ribbcd, tipped with a bah',
more or less of their upper pan pellucid and colourless, which
gives the silvery appearance above mentioned. The fruiuulk*
come forth in the early spring, from the tops of old bnnchct,
just where the new ones originate, and are not an inch long,
red below, pale and curved at the summit. Capsule of a
short ovale form, brown or reddi;ih. Lid convex with a poiat.
Veil small, soon failing off. Friu^e yellow.
•IT
y:f--.
^••. Hi-,-. : ,.,i,. ; :
1!
[ 2970 ]
BRYUM julaceuin.
Slender-branched Thread-moss,
CHYPTOGAMIA Muici.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, broad at ihr
base ; inner a toothed membrane. Flowers Urmi'
nal. Capside ovate-oblong, smooth. Vdl smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched from the base. Leave*
ovate, concave, imbricated, obtuse, pointlas.
Capsule club-shaped, pendulous.
Syn. Bryum julaceura. Schrad. SpiclJ.70. Sm.F1.
Brit. 1357.
B. filiforme. Dicks. Crypt.fasc. 4. IG.
B. argenteum ,3. Linn. Sp. PI. 1586. Huds. 489.
With. 839. Hull. 256.
B. pendulum, surculis teretibug viridibua. D3I.
JWtMC. 394. (. 50./. 63.
B. Iricbodes, capitulis rrflexis, viridissiroum holo-
Bcrieeum. Dill. Giss. 226. app. 86. I. 2./. F.
DiLLENll'S says lie gathered this on Uic gravd walks at
tbc O.tfurd g;ariJcn. Mr. Dickson foiiiul it in moist ntbcr
moil n la i nous places in Scutlonil, ami our specimcm wm ga*
thcred by Mr. G, Don on the niounlnin of Clot-a in Angu»-
tliire, in July oi .\ugust.
This elegant species has hern supposed a varietjr of B. ar-
genteum, t. 1602, but without mucli examinatiou. It ttmuch
larger, uilh long siciiiler erect ami acute bnuiehrs, funniiif
dejiRC tuHs, ofa bright silky green, not Mlvery. Lmva anall,
closely imbricated, ovnte, entire, rather concave, singlr-ribbed
in the lower part, obtuse, without any linir-tJLe point. Fnrit-
slulk from tlie base of a branch, an inch or roon* in hriglit,
vruvy, ml. Capsule pendulous, brown, smooth, of a Ufodcr
obovateor pcar-bbapctl form, l.id convei wilh a lilllc poial.
fl I 1
c
[ 2270 ]
BRYUM juiaceum.
Sicmder-hranched Thread-m
CSTFTOGAUU UMtci.
Gkk. C«ml Outer friMse of 16 teeth, broid at lb
^w : i^vr a toodHd ineiiibfuie. Rovers !«■»-
nu. Capnk onlf-oblon^. smooth, f cd sniood.
?esr Cx&s. Stra Wux-bed frcKn tbr hue. Lain
raif- rittcaif. imbricated, obtuse, potntloi
CfiKiii; r^ub-tiaped, pendolouf.
5cTL. Brrniii ^luamun. Schrad. SpicS. 70. Sm. R
R fimnac Dt-i*. Crvj!4.fjtt. 4. IG.
ft MiytjUilli £, JJm. ^. iY. I5S6. If^. 499.
VUL SafL BuS, 256.
£ ywnnhi^. *tamili« tcivtibiis Ytridibus. DCl.
£ ZTKUuidK. ciMtalif irArxis, viridissiiDum Mo-
aenrramL OS. Oca. ^6. app. 86. f. S./. F.
/60-
[ 2007 3
BRYUM capillare.
Greater Matted Thread-tnoss.
CRYPTOGAMU Miaci,
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teedi, broad at die
base i inner a toothed membrane. Iloweri tenni*
nal. Capsule ovate^blong, smooth. Feit smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched from the base, tufted.
Leaves obovate, hair-poiDted, twisted when dij.
Capsule club shaped, pendulous.
SVN. Bryum capillare. Linn. Sp. PI. 1586. Sm.fl
Brit. 1357. Hetbo. Sp. Muse. 182. Huds. 488.
Hull. 255. Light/. 737. Sibth. 29a Tit™.
Muse. Hit. isa
B. foliis latiusculis congestis, ca|»ulis l<mgis nuland-
bus. Dill. Muse. 398. (. 50./. 67.
B. capitulis reflexis, Ibliolis latiusculis congestis. Bat
Syn. 100.
Mnium capilfere. Lim. Fl. Siiec. 385. fFilh. 805.
Helh. 420. ^bbot. 234.
r OUND in woods aad on heathy banks, not, fike-B. c
M^
•■-liM>'Xj-
»
af
[ 2007 ]
BR YUM capillare.
Grrater Matted Thread-inc
C&YPTOGAUIA MmmcL
Gix. Chak. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, broad it Ae
taae ; hater 2 toothed membrane. Flowert ton-
aaL Co^jttiV orat&oblong, smooth. FeilsmxA.
Spec. Chak. Stem branched from the base, tnfui
Leaves obovate, hair-pointed, twisted wbeo <bj.
Capsule dub shaped, pendulous.
3t3. Brvum capilbre. Linn. Sp. PL 15S6. Sm.FL
Briil 1557. Iledx. Sp. Muse. 182. HutU. 4SS.
BalL S&5. Ushtf. 737. SittL 29a Tm
Mkk. at. isa
K. fcBs btiu9ca& oongesiis, capsulis hoffs nutanti-
bos. X>t//. -Umc. 398. /. 50./ 67.
B. ca{atu&s refiexis, folkdis tatiusculis ccmgestis. BaH
s^iL. loa
Mnram capOhre. Ziim. f7. Siiec. 385. ^PifA. 805.
Afji. ♦aa Jf*<«. 234.
FotTM) ia mucds and oa heathy banks, not, like-B. etofh
/^7-
[ 1862 ]
B R Y U M aDnotinum.
Summer Thread-moss,
CR7PT0GAMIA Musd.
Gen. Char. Ou(er/rmg;eof 16 teeth, broad at the
base : inner a toothed membrane., powers tavai-
nal. Capsule ovate-oblong, smooth. Peil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched from the base. l*aTe«
ovato-Ianceolate, pellucid, keeled, somewhat ser-
rated. Capsule obovate, pendulous.
SvN. Bryum annotinum. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 183. (.43.
5m. Fl. Brit, 1358. Huds. 490. Hull. %55.
SibtL 291. Tkm. Muse. Hib. 123.
B. aonodnum lanceolatum pellucidum, capsulis ob-
longis pendulis. Dill. Muse. 399. 1. 50./. 68.
Mnium umodnum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1576. fVith. 805.
J. HIS moas is Frequent enough on moist turfy groundi bot
very rarely indeed produces any capsules. We have galbered
it in tVuit once onlv, on Seaming common, Norfolk, in May
1760. The Rev. Dr. Abbot sent specimens from the tbatcb
[ 1862 ]
B R Y U M aDDotinum.
Summer Thread-moss.
CSTFTOGJXU UutL
G£X. Chal. OiiJer fringe o£ 16 teeth, broad at the
h»f : :i:t^ a tootbed nieiiibnn&. Floaert tarn-
xsL Cc:.R^f i}\3:s-cMaa^y smooth. Feil smooth.
Srrc.CHAi. Stan blanched from the base. Leawi
crarr-liZ'caciHe, pelludd, keeled, scmewhat ser-
Tn^. Capsule oborate, pa^oloos.
Stx. firr^Tn zsnotinuai. Bedr. Sp, Muse. 183. (. 43.
Sm-' F>, Brit. 1S5S. Hods. 490. Hull. 255.
S'-:h. £91. TuTTt, Muic. Hit. 123.
B. annadnDTn lanc^olatum peUuddum, capsuUs ob-
laa^ peadulis. DilL Musc.39'A.t.50.f,G^
■ Unit. Sp. PL 1576. inth. 805.
J. HIS 3n» is riequeut enough on mcHxt tur^ groaiK), but
ve-r !-&:«>>- sndrai (mniaces anv capsules. We have fatfaovl
i: :a trcit oikv oo^v, oa Sciming commoo, Norfolk, in Mar
I ~^0. Tbc RcT. Dr. Abbot sent sprciiDcns froio the tb^cn
ullAtcd nule blossoms fee-
[ 1527 ]
BRYUM compactum.
Compact Thread-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Mu*a.
Gem. Char, Fringe double : outer of 13 teeth, broad
at their base: inner a toothed membrane. FJowert
tamanai. Capsule ovate<ob)ong,smooth. ^t7stnootfa.
Spec. Char. Stem divided at the base. Leaves lan-
ceolate, keeled, serrated towards the point. Capsule
ovate, pendulous.
SvN. Bryum compactum. Dicks. Crypt. Jiue, 4. 15.
*. 11./. 11. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1SS9. Turn. Mute.
Hib. 124. ^
All our know]e(^gc of this Bryum was derived from Mr.
Dickson, till specimens were sent to Mr. Sowerby by ibe
Rev. Mr. Dallon, who has been uncommonly fortunate in
discovering rare mosses near his residence at Copgrove, York-
ihirc. He found it in a small running drain near Scrivcn, the
teat of Sir Thomas Slingsby, Bart., and in another drmn be-
tween Copgrove and Famham. The capsules arc pttfcetcd ia
the spring.
The roots are perennial. Stems half an inch ormon ia
height, erect, forming a deuse tuft, some of them sinplei
others divided at the bottom, often stripped of ihcir kafn
in the lower part, when they appear red. Lcavea of • pak
yellowish shining green, narrow, lanceolate, acute, knlcd,
serrated from the middle to the point, fumishrd with a atrong
red rib; the lowermost shorter and almost heart -shaft J.
Fruit-slalk lemiinat, solitary, scarcely an inch long, a lilda
wavy, of a red or tawny hue. Capsule pendulous ; wbeo rip*
ovale, short, brownish, with a spreading mouth to as lo be
almost turbinate; in an earlier state the capsule is rstber
pear-shaped. Lid convex, with asmallpoim, red. FVu^
red.
Wi^BL"*^^^'— • >^9
[ 1527 ]
BRYUM compactum.
Compact Thread-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIJ Muta.
Gen. Char, Fringe double : outer of 18 teeth, broad
at their base: inner a toothed membrane. Ftawm
terminal. Capsule ovate-obIong,smoodi. Fa/smcaL
Spec. Char. Stem divided at the base. Leares bn.
ceoiate, keeled, serrated towards the poinL Capnile
ovate, pendulous.
Syn. Brjrum compactum. Dicks. Crypt. fojc. 4. is.
t. U./. II. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1S59. Turn. Mm.
Hib. 124.
All out knowledge of this Bryum was dcriscd fnm Mr.
Dickson, till specimens were sent to Mr. Sowciby bji tht
Rer, Mr. Dalton, who has been uncommonly fonunilf in
diacorering rare mosses near his residence at Copgrore, YoA-
Aiat. He found il in a small running drain near Scnven, iIk
R*t of Sir Thomas Sliugsby, Ban.j and in another dnio be-
nram CofigiDTC ud Famhun. The capsule* are perfected ia
thetpbg.
Tke roots in perennial. Stems half an inch or more ia
ha^R, met, forming- a dense lafi, some of them limplc,
mIm* Anded at ibe bottom, often Gripped of their leans
ia ihc lower pet, when they appear red. Leaves of a pik
j«B«mh ilniag gieen, namw, lanceolate, acute, knkd,
aOTMid fnm tbe auddle to Uk point, furnished with a (Uwg
k4 rib; llr b««naDSt shorter and ahnost heart-shaped.
riM mJ ttmiad, solitaA', Karcely an inch long, a btllc
««tT* «f » nd a> tairay bne. Capsak pendukxa ; wbn nf>
» ith a spreading mouth m w M he
■n earfkrtutt the capsole if fahcr
h a twdl pobl, red. Frioge
}/
///■
[ 2433 ]
BRYUM attenuatura.
Slender Froliferoua Thread-motu
CRYPTOGAMU Mu$d.
Gek. Char, Outer fringe oi 16 teeth, broad at die
base: inner a tootbed membrane. FUywerttetm,-
nal. Cflp5it/£ ovate-obloDg, emooth. Keil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem simple, proliferoui. Leaves tteU
late, ovate, entire, reticulated. Capsule club-
shBped> somewhat cjlindrical, erect
SrN. Brjrum atteuuatum. Dicks. Cry^.fate. 4. S.
(. 1 0. /. 8. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1 360.
OOLLECTED by Hr. Dickson in bog« on the moontaiH
of ScoUand. Mr. D. Turner, who has examined the fringe,
stsuies OS it is that of a Brywm ; further we know nothing,
ejccept from a drawing made by Mr. Sowcrbv from an o
^ >^
>
\^)
t
[ 2271 ]
BRYUM hornum.
Swan'a-7icc/c Tfircad-moss.
CRYPTOCAMU Musci.
Gen. Char. OuUt fringe of 16 teelh, broad at \ke
base; inner a timthcd membrane. F/otpfrs termi-
nal. Capsule ovale-oblong^, smooth. Veil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem simple, ijeaves lanceolate, bor-
dered with fine teeth. Fruit-stalk bowed. Cap-
sule ovate, droopiiifj^.
SvN. Brj-um hornuro. //wrfs. 491. Sm. Fl. Brit. 13&0.
//u)/. 9G6. Sii//;. 290. Curt. Lotid. fasc. 1. f. 71.
Dicks. H. Sicc.fusc. 4. 23. Turn. Muse. Hib. 138.
Witich.v. 1. 113.
B. stellare hornum svlvarum, cap«uti« inagnis nu-
tantibus. Dill. Muse. 402. t.5\.,f.li.
B. nitidum, capitulis majoribus reSexis, calyplHi
imiim ver^onle. pediciilis oblongis e cauliculis
novis egredientibus. Jiaii Stjn. 103.
Mnitim borniiro. Limt. Sp. PL 157G. Ifllh. 804.
Lighlf.7ll, Relh. 419. Abbot. 233. Ehrh.
Cryyt, 3. ^
JA OT uncommon in ratbcr moist unibrageous woods, bearing
fruit in llic spring. It is one of the largcit of its ^iiust, Tbc
stems form dense, soft, elastic tiiHs, sevcrid inches fai^b, fur-
tiished with close, blackish, Hbroi is, perennial roots, fiicfi stem
is simple, annual, whence the trivial name, from one to two
inches in height, reddish, leufy. Leikvcs allcmotc, bright
green, wavy when dry, pellucid, membratious, Hpreadtng, lan-
ceolate, acute, l>eardless, single-riblx-d, their eugrs and ked
lalher tootli(-d thanserrafix). The niale flowers ;ire li-nubul,
reddish, rncompa^ed with lirge, spreading, stjir-like leavo,
and are so conspicuous that nolwily cuuld overlook tbcin, bow
much soever botanisis might dilfer alkmt (hoir use. The fe-
male ones grow on a diflennt plant. The frnitatalksaRaoUlarT,
terminal, red, two inches or more in height, lonstcumdui
■he upper part, so as often \o imitate the graceful pmiticm of
a awan s neck ; under the fruit they are a IJtllc niickenei).
Capsuk' large, drooping, ovut« inclining to elliptic, abrupt,
turgid, thin, smooth, red brown, with a crimsoa mouth.
I.id convex with a little point. Fringe yellowish.
Spccinieiis of this species, in various ^tageii ofgrowtb^ nm
sent by lledwij; to Linnu'ns lo dcmonslralc the texts of nuMCl.
y -^
-J
[ 1604 ]
BRYUM crudum.
Transparent-green Thread-moss.
I
CRYPTOGAMIA Mmn.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, broad at the
base : inner a toothed membrane. F/mvers tennt-
nal. Capsule ovate-oblong, smooth, f^eil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem simple. Leaves lanceolate, acute,
entire ; the uppermost narrow and minutely toothed.
Capsule oblong, drooping.
SvN. Bryum crudum. HikIs. *91. Sm. Ft. Brit. I36I.
Hull. 266. Turn. Muse. Hib. ISO.
B. sericeum. /fuct?. 487, according to Rev. H.Davies.
B. pendulum homum molle, foliis lanceolatis el gra-
mineis. Dill. Muse. 40I. t. 51. f. 70.
Mnium crudum. Linn. Sp. PL 1576. Hedv. ^
Muse. 189. Crypt. V. 1.99. (.37. fVUL 807.
Ehrlu Crypt. 152.
Gathered by Mr. W. Brumon ai Moss Dale H«d,
Wenaley Dale, in ihc north of Yorkshire. It bean fJruil in
the iimimer, and is perennial.
We have compared our specimens with original ones of
Dillenius, Hedwig, Ehrhart, and other writers. Much aflinin
is observable between this species and B. elongatum, thoueh
there are abundant marks of distinction, particularly in the
inner fringe, which in B. crudum has the usual structure of the
genus. The size of the whole plant is also twice is large;
the leaves are much broader, and thin at the edge, the uppA
ones only being lengthened out into a narrow linear shape
and sliehtty toolhea ; the capsules are thicker, when ripe
rather oolong than ovate, with much less of that base or apo-
physis into which the cavity for the seeds does not extend.
The lid is like B. elongalum. We conceive that these 3 speciei
ought naturally to be placed near each other, though m the
Flora Britanmca, out of deference to the method ol Hedwi^
they stand far asunder. The natural distribution at' til th«
species, as well as genera, of mosses with respect to each
other, can only be perfected by degrees, when more eiotic
e observed with this particular view,
• [ »»♦ 1
BKYXTM dvdiiin.
I Threati-moa.
- CmMM, OMs-^Bgr td 16 teetfa, bnad at die
^zimmw^^m^Md I 111 Fbmersttm-
FeilmioaiL
1 ^^i ■
«I. Sm. n Bnl. ISS\.
mt 11 rn. JNb<^ At ISO.
SKOHk. lfcd:.4n;xiiiri^iDRcT.H.D»K
p^AA^ &■>■■ mdkt SJmbncexiaas elgn-
jfcB.ua. Ojft-r. 1.30.1.31. iniLm.
m Ddc Had,
ItbcMl&ulill
GnaoBt u Ik. «.
AiaaBi, alBpaaaj
V« ft^K cfl^^si «^ ^K»ai «kb onKnn] oaei of
SmBM^IH^^^ ^kMlM, IBB MSB ■■lloS. MuCn uujU
■ «iaB«iit hHBi^Aii V"'* «■< B. i li^ifw, dnnffl
^■K«r AMta* — fcsrf fciwiliiiii, panicnlaljr ia £e
nm feMV «AKft is AL ovAb Im Ihc Bnl ttracl are c^ tbc
•^M. iWMBdTAB BkdKi^ B iln twice a> bl|Ct
jbckaBBaKaBekhMfeB, M^ m die edge, theanxt
^■■1 vdk keMC hl^AlVed BK HMB • BMIBBF M" f ^i uiBe
al J#*i tm^at; *B cifiikB aB ifebr, wbai liie
ll n t I I . Bit—iHoBBfllmhMeorif.-
*Ihb Mb BAkk*e imiu fce Ae MeAdois doc czfeBiL
WeUJB
We
Ik
witn Inspect to (sck
lace to the aiedKNl of Hohrig,
Tk aa^nl <fairibMUoa of aO u»
b4W
B R Y U M marginatum.
Thick-edged Thread-moss.
CRYPTOG^MU Musei.
rGzN. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, smooth. Fringe
double : outer of 1 6 teeth, broad at thdr base : in-
?itir a toothed membnuie. F/uwen tenninal.
Spec. Char. Stem simple. Leaves lanceolate, acute,
liiiely toothed ; thickened at the margin. Capsule
ovate. Lid conical.
Syn. Bryum marginatum. Dicks, Crypt. fasc. 2.9. t. 5.
/.I. Sm.Fi.Bnl.} 362. frUk.Sil. IfulL267.
Turn. Muse. Hit. 129.
.....
X HE Rev. Dr. Burgess, to often quoted m the Ft. Scotka,
(irst found this moss in woods and moist sh^y places in
Diimt'riesBhire. Prom him I obtained corresponding •pccinmii
with those which he gave Mr. Lightfool, who nientioni ibc
plant as Mn'ium cuidum, very incautiously tran»Utiog from
Dillenius a description extremely foreign to the purpoie.
Mr. Dickson found llic same moss in Scotland, and fint
named it properly. Our specimens were found, and deter-
mined, at Copgrovc, Yorkshire, by our very obliging cor-
respondent the Rev, James Dalton.
It is perennial, beating fruit in April or May. The StOM
I are simple, red, leafy, upright, about an inch high. LeavH
elliptic -lanceolate, acute, wavi,', finely toothed, etprciklty in
the upper part, remarkable for a thick cartilaginous aurgio,
which, as well as the rib, is often red. fruit-stalk tohUty,
erect, an inch long, flesh-coloured. Capsule pendulout, ovUc.
Lid conical at the base, with a taper point. V*eil awl-shaped,
brown or reddish, curved generally upwards as it grow*.
[" i.W ]
>»W. VW.VWTl'l'.'
: 'i.T ■• »P>«^H' '■ ■
t", :r;,-MIi ,ll> - V
-.„ VM'T
/
i
vr«^
B R Y U M interruptunu
Interrupted Thread-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU Musd.
tSEN. Char, Outer fringe of 16 tectb, broadest at Ae
base; inner a toothed membrane. Fhivcrs tenni-
nal. CapsiUe ovate-oblong, smooth. Veil stnootlu
Spec. Char. Stem branched, interruptedly letff.
Leaves laticeolatc, acute, finely serrated through-
out. Capsule pear-ahaped, nearly erect.
Syn. Bryum interruptum. Dicks. Crypt, foic, 4. 13.
(. 11./. 6. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1363.
Found on lUe alpme rocb of Scotland by Mr. Oictson,
who bestowed on us a specimen, here delineated, from Bm
N^eris. We have borrowed from the ortgiiial sketch, made
for his plate, what more decidedly shows the intcrmpted b-
liution of this species.
The perennial stems constitute dense toAs, au inch or two
high> and arc deter mi tiat^ly branched, intprrupledlj leafy, red
in Die naked parts. Ltaves clustered, bright green or ydknr-
ish, bhiniog, reticulated, lanceolate, acute, with a nld-rtb,
equally and finely serrated ; the lower ones more distant, small
and short. Fruilstalk erect, red, hardly an inch high, lermi-
nal in its origin, though surmounted by braoche*. Capnib
nearly erccl, brown, pear-shaped, wiiha rather wide ""i'^,
(riMCiudy leticulaled. Lid hemispherical, with a Uontpoial.
<
. [ 1528 ]
BUYUM nigricans.
Dark-green Thread-moss.
CRYPTOGAMIA Musci.
rGEN. Char. Fringe double: outer of 10 teeth, broad
at their base: iimer a tcxjthed membrane- Flowers
terminal. Ca/jsii/e ovate-oblong,sraooth. /^ciV wnooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched at the base. Leaves lan-
ceolate, straight, serrated about the point. Capsuie
turbinate, pendulous.
SvN. Bryum nigricans. Dicks. Crypt. fasc. 4. 15. t, II.
/. 10. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1363.
I ^O one but Mr. Dickson seems to have known tliii
moss, till from his Scottish specimens, and the account
published by himself, a ilescripiion of it appeared in ihe
Fhra Brilanntca. Our liberal friend Mr. Winch hu Utely
communicated it from Northumberland. It bears liruit tn
July and is perennial, growing on turfy bogs.
The stems form tufts an inch ur two in height, and aie
more or less branched. Leaves of a dull darkish green, ciocdy
imbricated, stnighi, lanceolate, bioadish, acute, ke«led ; di-
luted and entire at ihe base; serrated near Ihc point. Fniit-
stalk terminal, sohtary, -various in length, wavy, curved at
the top, red. Capsule pendulous, turbinate ; « hen ripe of a
rusty brown, with a wide mouth. IJd convex> with • ItUk
blunt point. Fringe yellowiib.
[ UK 1
BSmi mgiMUi.
DKt^rra nnmd-mma.
&3^ CsjJS. Jv^r *aMcz t^tr of IS uok, bnal
^wi". Ci=*i. Skm hoHdnd al ne dhc Lesm hit
Six. &nni itiii i Oidi. Offl.ftc 4. 15. <. II.
-: XL $& JI. iM. I9SL
1
^
[ 2554 ]
BRYUM cubitale.
Elbow-shaped Thread-moss.
CRYPTOG^MU Musci.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe o^ \G teeth, broad at the
base ; inner a toothed rnembrane. Flowers terini-
nal. Capsule ovate-oblong, smooth, ^i/smootli.
Spec. Cuah. Stem ascending, somewhat branched.
Leaves lanceolate, entire, decurrent. Fmitstallc
bent. Capsule clubsbaped, pendulous.
Syn. Bryum cubitale. Dich. Crypt, fasc. 3. 9. /. 3.
/ 3. 5m. Fl. Brit. 1364. W(A. 8-40. HiUL 267.
J. HIS large species of Bryum, distinguished by a singulai
bending near the base of ita fruitstalks, was g&thered by Mr.
Dickson on moist banks near Aberfeldy in North Britun. We
know of no other botanist who has observed it.
The habit approaches that of bimam, I. 1518, the stan*
being two or three inches high, clothed with rusty down, leaffi
and irregularly branched. Leaves spreading, bright grren, pel-
lucid, reticulated, with a strong red mid-rib, and a thickened
entire margin of the same hue. The apex is croumed witba
minute point; the base is slightly decurrent. Fruitstalks soliuiy
at the top of last-year's shoots, three or four inches long, <rf •
shining tawny brown; bent near the bottom. Capsule pendukxB,
club-shaped, tapering at the base, pale brown, smooth, ted rt
the margin, with a light-yellow fringe,
^
4
V
[ 2272 ]
B R Y U M ventricosum.
Swelling Bog Thread-moss,
CRYPTOGjiMIA Musd.
Ges. Chab. Outer fringe of !6 teeth, broad at the
base : inner a toothed membrane. Flowers lenni-
iial. Capsule nvatc-obloiig, sninotb. Veil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem determinatetj branched ; the
branches ascending- Leaves alteriiatCj ovato-
lanceolate, serrated near the point. Capoile
swelling, pendulous.
Sv.v. Hrynm ventricosum. Dicks. Crypt, fuse. I. A.
Sm. 'Fl. Bril. 13G5. Belh. 427. Turn. Mum.
Hib. 126. Winch. V. I. 115.
B. triquetrum. Httds. 490, «. Hull. 256.
B. annotinum palustre, capsuHs ventricosU pendulis.
Difl. Muse. 404. /. 51. /. 72.
B. nitidum, foliis serpiill angustioribus, m^ui.
Dill, in Rati Stfn. 102.
Mnium pscudO'triquctrum. Hcdw. Sp. JHusc.
Crypt. D.3. 19. t. 7. With. 108.
M. triquetrum. Abbot. 235. Ugh{f. 715,
190. j
Oath ERED on llic sand^ brink of the nvrr at Mtaik
bank near Editiburirh, bcurino; fruit in April. Il prdnt
marshy or bojigy placfs, especially where there is a niixtuie
of sand or gravel, not mud. The long perennial itisly root*
grow in close lulls. The ijleins are bright red, and have tuo
or more branches springing from brneath tlic fractifying spot,
which ascend in a slightly spreading jHisture. Leaven pale
green, lux, rather allernatc than tliree-ranked, moderately
spreading, Innceolatc, or in sonic measure ovate, acule, itingle-
ribbed, serrated near the top, twisted »hcn dry. M.i1«ium1
female organs oDen in the same Ibwer, according to Hed»i£>
Frnilatalk from the lop of lasl'jear's bratich, an inch and hiif
or two inches high, nearly upright, red below, ydlowiili
above. Capsule itcndulons, oiate, short, (uniid iicni Ihe but,
a little consfricUti under the month. Hedwig draws it, a> be
himiH'tf describes if, contracted at the bnsc oHer the seed* an
discharged. Lid coovex, with a rather promiiwnt i
Kriugu ycUow.
i-.UlRC
[ 15W 1
BBYCM biniiim.
Tw p wJS'nrf ^^ Tkrrttti moa.
-~ ~-!^-* fssdjiiit I maer at 16 tBcA^hnai
Flimen
• rtHsatooOi-
S^MZ- ~^-« jiTT^i- faa^^e^ Ijcxtfx altw^'fj Gdcv-
JT SmnL -MwnTE- .Ncsrvif'. Z^^. 83. Swl. A
3-c. :Sb5. Trr. IhjK. at. 1S7.
B- izinit=nii£ £. OtU. 49D. &tLi56.
«d^ HaL Ifcii ««L i: 51-/. 73.
*-^
rUM turbinatum. ^^H
tped Bog Thread-most. ^^H
BRYUM turbinatum.
Pear-shaped Bog Thread-
CRYPTOGJMIA Mmci.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of IG teeth, broad at the
base : mner a toothed membrane. Flowers termi-
nal. Capsule ovate-oblonp, smooth, fell smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched. Leaves ovate, bearded,
entire. Capsule pear-shaped, pendulous.
Syn. Bryum turbiiutum. Siiariz. Muse. Suec. 49.
Sm. Fl. Brit. 1366.
B. triquetrura y. Hads. 49 1 .
B. palustre compUcatum rubens, capsulis turbinatb
pendulis. DHL Muse. 406. /. 51. /. 74.
B. nitidum rubens, capitulis reBexis, foliis angusds
pellucidis, cauliculis proliferis. Dill, in Raii
Syn. 102.
Mnium turbinatum. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 191. Crgpt.
r. 3. 2-2. t. 8.
M. nutans. /Filh. 803. HulL 255.
J. HIS sei-ms to be a rare species. Di)I(;iruis
Shooter's hill and Wales as its stations. The Ri:v. Mr. DiltoD
finds it on Scotton banks near Ktia res borough, and no what
else. It bears fruit in spring and summer, and luvct a wR
landy soil.
Stems about an inch high, perennial, branching, rtddiili-
Leaves bright green, pellucid, reticulated, alternate, gnU,
entire, with a strong rib ending in a small bristly point.
Fniitslalk dark red, wavy, about an inch high. Capwk
pendulous, pear-shaped, of a light shining brown when ripe-
Lid convex, with a little point which is only perceptible in u
Mrly sute. Fringe yellowish with a rusty hue.
[ 2434 ]
BRYUM stellare.
Starry-leaved Thread-moss,
1
/;3/-
rCRYPTOGAMM Musct.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of \Q teeth, broad at Ihc
base: inner a toothed membrane, Flovxrs termi-
nal. Cffpsti/e ovate- oblong, smoolh. Veil smooth.
Spec. Char. Stem branched. Leaves o\ate, point-
ed, reticulated with roundish interstices; Ibe
upper ones serrated and stellate. Capsule oblong,
I pendulous.
SvN. Bryum stellare. Roth. Germ. v. 3. 240. Sm.
Fl. Brit. 1367.
B. proliferura, var. 2. Hull. 266.
B. serpyllifolium t. Huds. 492.
B. stellare roseum pendulum minus, capsuliit et
setis longioribus. Dill. Muse. 412. /. 52./. 78.
B. roseum minus, foliissubrotundis. ItauSi/n.9i.
Mnium stellare. Hedw. Sp. JMusc. 191,r. 45./. I — I.
M. proliferum, var. 2. With. 807.
X OUND occasionally in woods, and moist bealhy spoil.
The stem is an inch or two high, branched in a delcrminale
manner, leafy and perennial, with many rusly radirk«. leaves
light green, ovale or obovatr with a sliort point, and a strong
red rib. Under a magnifier they are found tx-auti fully rclicii-
lalod with roundish interstices. The lower ones an: entire ;
the uppermost are crowded and sl^-llate, and their tips are more
or less serratt-d. Fruit^talk solitary, two inches high, sraootb}
rather stiff, not quite straight. Capsule pendulouit, cyliodii*
cal inclining to obovale. Lid hemispherical with t nnall
point.
2^5-i
jx, ••-•>- * -"y/'' ^'*-^-^-
u
[ 1474 ]
BRYUM cuspidatum.
Pointed-leaved TInjmt Thread-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU Mutn.
Gen. Char. Capx. ovate-oblong, smooth. Frinj^e
double : outer of 1 (i teeth, broad at rhcir base : m-
tier a toothed membrane. F/oivers terminal.
Spec. Char. Stem simple: when barren procumbent
and somewhat branched. Leaves ovate, serrated.
Capsule ovate. Lid hemispherical.
Syn. Bryum cuspidatum, Stvartz. Mttsc. Stiec. 51.
Sm. Fl. Brit. l:i68. Hull. 266. Sibtli.^^1.
B. serpyllifolium y. Huds. 492.
B. pendulum, foliis variis pellucidis, capsulis ovatis.
Dill. MiLtc. 413. /. 53./ 79.
Mnium cuspidatum. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 192. (. 45.
/. 5 — 8. IFith. 804. Relh. 420. jlkbol. 234.
M. serpyllifolium 0. Linn. Sp. PL 1577.
J. HIS species is common in sliady moist ^%'es, and is not
very unfrequently found with capsules in the spring. We
received it from the Rev. Mr. Dallon.
Its stems are of two kinds. The barren ones are procnn*
bent and creeping, S or 3 inches, or more, in length, soote*
times branched, always leafy. The flowering ttenis are t^
right, simple, only an inch high. The leaves are of a fine
green, transpareni, very minutely reticubted, of au ovale
form with a sharp point, a little waved, and sharpty serrated.
Nerve strong, palish. Pruit-stalk solitary, erccl, rosc-colourad,
a liille zigzag. Capsule pendulous, ovate, rather short and
broad when ripe, at which period it becomes yellow or tawny,
with a blush on one side, and a red mouth. Ltd convci,
bluoU Fringe yellowish.
/"
t
i
/?J.
C "8i ]
B RY U M puDdatum.
Dotted Thread-mofs.
CUYPTOGAmA Mufii.
Gen. Char. Fringe double : outer of t6 (ecth, broad
atlheirhafe: /tomt a toothed membrane, Flvwtri
terminal.
Spec. Char. Leaves obovate, entire, waved, dotted.
Capfulcs elliptical, pendulous. Lid with ■ taper
point.
SvM. Bryum puniflatum. Hull, ^66. Sihth.z^i.
B. (erpyliilblium, pundtalum. HuJ/. 492.
B. pendulum, ftrpilli folio rotundiore |)elliicido, cap-
fulisovatis. £>/■//. Mu/c. 416. /. 53./. 81.
B. Ditidnm. (*erpilli rotundis ct latioribus foliis pello-
cidis. Baii Syn. 103-
Mnium punftilum. fTi/b. S05. lUlb.^XO. j^Htt.
334 Hedw. Sp. Mu/c, 193.
M. fcrpyllifoliuro, punftatum. Liim. Sp. PI. i577-
. NATIVE of wet (hady fpois, for fpeeimens of which
from Tunbridtc wc arc obliged to Mr, 1 . F, Fnrficr. Il is
Derenniiil, ri|)eninp lis fmil dorin^ ihe winter and early fprinf.
tut neither the (ruit, nor indc^ the mofs itlclf, i> of raj
frequent occurrence.
The rant confiDs of denfc brown fibres. Stem) gmcrallT
limple, reddifh, !e»fy. Leaves obovaie, broad, more or Hi
f minted, nnved, entire, with a thick cartilaginous edgei their
ubOance thin and jieilucid, pale-green, beautifully doited oc
reticulated like the leaves of aSpJatbrmm, with a ceniraJ nb.
Floucrs terminal, dioecious. Tne male flat, furrouiided villi
a rofe of larger leaves. Capfulcs ellimical, pendulous, on
longilb, red, upright, tnofllv folilary, flalks. Ltd with t t^M
point, nut half lo Inne as tbe lapfute.
Linnteu't ha.'i mult unwarrantably combined under h>>
Mnium Jerp^i/i/olium many (pieiei* as di(lin£t from each other
as they are alt remarkable for el^aoce. The ptefcQt i> knovn
: by its broad dotted leaves.
}
^ -^
[ W5 ]
BKTTU instntiim.
Tmi. lull/ Tljmt Utrtad-mau.
tXTTTVGJMU Jhd.
Gcx. CsAS. Oif*- onlMifalaag, ■noodi. f^ingt
dnUe: «B«ir of I6tteib,bn]ad a dior bate: m-
SkcCoas. SKBai^4e. Lons abtnato^patuble,
■Haeh-ionaBd. Cy Ir oiate. lid awl-diaped.
Sn. BniB loanlaK. &ikr>l<: ^pioi: ^3. Sm. IL
Brie 1369.
». ■lljMJ^g. £Ut49S.
B.f IIW, l»^«. IUI.S6S.
diliagit o^itak. rai. lfc«% 416. (. 53. / aa.
Ort.lm.
, nr. a. IFilA. 806.
rr^
'\f
/s«r.
[ 2395 ]
BRYUM roseum.
Rosaceous Thyme Thread-mou,
CRYPTOGAMIA Muici.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 16 teeth, broadest at the
base ; inner a toothed membrane, Flovxrs tenni-
nal. Capsule ovale-oblong, smooth. Veil fimoolh.
Spec. Char. Stem some^^ hat proliferous. Leara
crowded, stellate, ovate, arute, minutely dotted:
tinelj serrated towards the summit. Lid conical
SvN. Bryum roseum. Schreb. Lips. S4. SwartL
Muse. Succ. 51. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1370. Tani.
Mmc. I lib. 1 32.'
B.scrpyllifolium 3. Huds. 493.
B. proliferum. Siblh. S92.
B. stellare roseum majus, capsutis ovatis pendi^
Dili. Muse. 411. (.5«./. 77.
B. roseum majus, foliis oblongis. Haii Si/n. 99.
Muium roseum. Hcdw. Sp.JHtisc. 194.
M. proliferum. /fifft. 806. Abbot. 235.
M. serpjllifoliumy. Linn. Sp. PI. 1578. JIall. 250.
Although this species of Bryum may be occasimulljr
mt't wtlli in the moist parts of woods and beulhs, Ihc captula
are so exc>:edingly rare, that Dillenius apnoRrs to have pn-
curcd ihem but uncc from his fnend L. Brown, who fnnnd
them at Christnias>lime, near Bishop's-Ca^de. Wc oiv tbcr»-
ibre hpppy lo profit by Swedish spcciraeny of Dr. Swattz.
The stems are simple, erect, an incli or two hisli, pcrmoitl,
brown, bearing many small scatlcml scok-s, anuat the lop i
starry liiflof iiiinierous, Large, liroad, pointnl, finely dotted
leaves, wIiom; upper part is finely serraffid, and tbor cnliR
base somewhat dccurrent. The fruit^lalks grow, solitary or in
pBir<i, I'lom the centre azaoofr the leavoi, and ate about lio
mrhi-s high. Cajisule iiicUnmg, ovute, smooth, ivd brovo.
Liil, acconiiiig to Dilienius, convex, but short. The lopcf
each stem oflen tltrows up a vertical shouts beating leaves and
fiuit the next year. The barren stems described in IT. Bril.
piovc to belong to a diflereat plant.
23^
.«• .^.fl i, titJif^C0^J„m»
^"^
/i^-S>.
[ 1449 ]
BRYUM ligulatum.
Long-leaved Thyme Thread-mou,
CRYPTOGAMIA Mutd.
Gen. Char. Caps, ovate-oblong, smootb. fVaj*
double: outer of 16 teeth, noad at dietr base;
inner a toothed membrane. Fiowers tenninal.
Spec. Char. Stems ample, at length branched at the
summit Leaves oblong, undulated, serrated. Fruit*
stalks clustered.
Syn. Bryum ligulatum. Sckreb. Lips, 84. Sm. fl
Brit. 1371.
B. undulatum. Siblk. 292. T\tm. Muse. Hih. !3S.
B. dendroides polycephalon, phyllitidis folio undulatA
pellucido, capsulis ovatis penduUs. Dill. Muse. 410.
t. 52. f. 76.
B. nitidum, foliis oblongis undads, capitulis ennuis,
arbusculam referens. Raii Syn, 103.
Mnium undulatum. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 195. fnth.806.
Hull. 250. Relh. 420. M^bot. 235.
M. serpyUifolium S. Sp. PI. 1578.
J. HIS very el^;ant Bryum is of fmjuent occurrence in dunp
[ 1449 ]
BRYUM ligulatum.
Long-leaved Thyme Thread-^nos$,
CRYPTOGAMU Muid.
Gen. Char. Capt. ovate-obloi^, smooth. Frit^
double: outer of 16 teeth, broad at dieir bote:
ixner a toothed membrane. FUneen tenninal.
Sp£C. Char. Stems ample, at length Inancbed at dK
smmih. Leaves oblong, undulated, serrated. Fniit<
jgaHrc clustered.
Stte. Brvum ligulatom. Sckreh. Lifis. 84. Sm. Fl
B^s. 1371.
B. Hodulatum. Sitlh. 292. Turn. Muse. Hik. 133.
B. daklivades potycephalon, phyllitklis folio undulam
pL^Huado, capsutis o\'atis pendulis. Dill. Masc. 410.
I. 52. f. 76.
B. z^dium, foSs oblongis undatis, capitulis cemuis,
arisuscohm nSaats. Rati Sjpu 103.
MxBom uDdulanim. Hedic. Sp. Muse \Q5. R-likSIX.
Hw::. 2ja &/*. 42a ^bkot. 235.
M. soprilitofium S. Sp. PI. 1578.
J. HTS Tcnr eltoiu Brytam U of ftinjueat occutrence in damp
/UJ
[ 1197 ]
POLYTRICHUM commune.
Common Hair-most.
CRYPTOGAMU Mmtd.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 32 or 64 short incunred
teeth : inner a flat undivided membmie. yeii ge>
nerally double : the outer hairy.
Spec. Char. Stem simple. Leaves linear-lanceolate,
finely serrated, acute. Capsule erect, quadrangubr,
standing on a roundish pedestal.
Syn. Polytrichum commune. Lirm. Sp, PI. 1573.
Iledw. Sp. Muse. 88. Menz. Tr. of Lim. Soc.
V. 4. 74. Huds. 469; fVith. 795. Hull. 247.
iJe/A. 415. SibtL 305. ^iioi. 232. Dicks. H.
Siccfasc. 17. 19?
P. quadranguiare vulgare, Jucca: foliis serratis. Dili
Muse. 420. t. S^f.U
P. vulgare et majus, capsula quadnmgulaii. Rail
Syn. 90.
i
[ iig? ]
POLYTWCHTil conunone.
G^TL C&jj_ Oissr ■'^~xsv of 32 €» 6* Aatt incamd
szaDr JJ'wi^ 1 dif fB^rr fairT.
Sf^ju r~"- Scat t^— 7** Lores Gnear-bnceobte,
mf£T gsraaL k:xs. Cafsak erect, qtBdrangubr,
<.-in>n"»i|r jc s. -^ ' .'t.-^*? padataL
r"nK. PaTTTiiijuz. c:r:asaf. Xnn. 5/i. P/. 1573.
Sstx. Si> .^^r. SS. JJrsi. Tr. of Liim, Soc.
7- 4. -*r .Hiii;- 4-53. >n:JL 795. ffafl: 247.
■fis-L 415. -V.-iK. aCi -/t^fwt. 232. IXcis.H.
&::./■£«.■- :t. I?:
P- zna^cs^ac^ss:^ tcSev2, ioccae l(£s sands. Dill-
JiSiiK. *». - **..*: 1.
P. Tiu£s? e: BKS, cifscU ^mdiaDgulari. Rou
TOLTmCHUM atteiuatmu.
SkmArBmr-mmM,
Gcx. Crak. Omtrjrmge of 32 or 64 sbort mcnrred
wAt jrafa ^iiiifcil mgnbrape. f'eiip-
masikf doaUb: Ae Mrter hairy.
Snc. C^AB. SHb ^Bfile. Leaves linear-bDceobte,
ycaJuig, sensed, acme. C^suk quadnmgulir,
dtuopi^, OTooactad zt die base, without apedeaaL
Snf. Pctynidnun anoiuanim. Afrvz. Tr. o/" /im
&»c-r. 4. 72. (.6./ 2.
P. fonnosuin. /fair. Sp. Muse. 92. t 19./ 1, a.
Observed by Mr. Soaroby in Apnl l»)o, on Sjieabm
Commoa, Kent, for the Lm tiinc, we beliere, in Britain.
This elegant species has appanutly been loog ovcHooknl «
not djflferent from P. commune, far it appcan not to be vm
/5f
C 1827 ]
POLYTRICHUM gracilc.
Long-stalked Hair-moss,
CRYPTOGAMIA Mum.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 32 or 64 short incurNd
teeth : inner a flat undivided membrane. Fell pat^
rally double : the outer hairy.
Spec. Char. Stem simple. Leaves linear>IanceoIate,
somewhat spreading, serrated. Capsule inclining,
ovate, quadrangular, contracted at the base, without
a pedestal. Fringe of thirty-two teeth,
Syn. Folytrichum gracile. Menz. Tr. of lAntu Soc
V. 4. 73. (. 6./. 3. 5m. Fl. Brit. 1 374. Hull. 247.
Turn. Muse. Hib. 85.
P. longisetum. Swartz. Muse. Suec, 76 aiid 103. t, 8,
/• 16.
Sent from IrcUad by Mr. Templeton, who 6ait it on bolk
mouataia and lowland bogs, bearing fruit in the middle of
[ 1E7 ]
POLTTBICHm giacile.
' Hmr-mm.
Gz3L f'=-» GuF-'^T^rxff of 3S or 64 tbxt inclined
£sa: ■anfrs.iK^iaaniedmiatbaae. Feilffvt'
^tr n-nr^nJ ; jje MiT' BKTT.
^h::. C?="-t- zest aodie. Leans Eaear-tancxoble,
snnfwzic srss^ac. t*^ j***I C-ypffpti* iDclining^
£vxK. ^oa^accx^. cBDacted ai tbe base, wiibout
X ya^ra'- FzaarE £f dmr-two teefh.
Sts:. ffayrirrmc pK^ Memz. Tr, of JJim, Soc.
!.*.-*- :.i..-:s. Sm.HBrii.lS7*. BtdL^I.
Ttn. JUi-vr. ff .-. Si.
p. 'i-ptrig'TTTr. iDect=.JtAc&&ec76aaJl03.l.8.
SeXT f-3E L~,ira£ br Mr.
win finds it oa botk
1S^^
f r
n
XJ^
[ "99 J
POLTTRICHUM piliTenun.
BriMtk-itmctd Hair-moa.
aJTTCGJiOJ ibmL
GsK- Oi^t- Ok^t J^ixgr tf 39 or 64 shott incnnred
Ksx: =cBr' 1 £z zaArided menibfane. Fal^
ssz^ oreCK : Sie fl«l<r haiT.
S^QC Cstt. Laics boceciitEa ligid, ennie, tq^
»x^ I w^f LzT- Capsole qindnofular, on a
dqrsaai pedffral,
Snc Pa-nrv^Tja {Smtod. Sdkrrf. f7. L0(. 74.
Jkfcc:^ 7"-. ef Ziet &«■- i. 4. 75. .ttrfir. ^jft.
Usk-Xl. ^.247. &>t4.306. £4rA. Oy/iLM.
r. cESsaae,^. iiaa. J^ PZ. 1573. Hiuk. 47(X
»ii.796.
P. ^aa^AJgehre aunis, Junqioi folns pilosis. i3ltfl^
Jtfcjc 4a& t. S«.y: 3L
OnOlOX GB &T mooDtMnnm sandy heaths ml opn
. m^udk acv oiJmDed tn the winier and carfy sprin; br
" clvgaatly ounimttd
-r-atsoE siii»!
iiOff
ff
^^
>*'
. /». / l^'r.i /'..*/•/*'./ '• /'» ■ •'"
[ 1200 ]
POLYTRICHUM juniperinum.
Juniper~Ieaved Hair-moss.
CRYPTOGJMIA Mu$d.
GiH. Char, (hiter fringe of 32 or 64 diort incurred
teeth : inner a flat undivided membrane. Feil ge*
nerally double : the otaer hairy.
Spec. Char. Leaves linear>lajiceolate, pcunted, entire;
their margins inflexed. Capsule quadrangular, oa
a flat pedestal.
Syn. Polytrichum juniperinum. Menz. TV. of Linn.
Soc. V. 4. 76. I. 6. /. 4. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 89. 1. 18.
/ 6—10. Relh.4,15. SittL 30G. Abbot.2S2.
Ekrh, Crypt. 82. PI. Of. ISO.
P. commune, j3. Linn. Sp. PI. 1573. Huds. 469.
Ifilh. 795.
P. quadiangulare, juniperi foliis brevionbus et rigidi.
CHibus. Dili Muse. 424. t. 54. /. 2.
About u common as the last in heathy mountaiDom
places, ripening itd fruit in April. We gathered tfacsc speci-
120-
h
^
-<«^0 ia09i\Ml^kU WJ^'Sm^kyt.^J.n
[ 2435
b
POLYTRICHUM strictum.
Ciose-leaved Hair-moss.
I
CRYPTOGAMIA Mutci.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 32 or C4 sbort incuned
teeth: trmer aflat undJTided membraoe. IW/ gene-
rally double : the outer hairj*.
Spec. Char. Leaves lanceolate; their margins in-
flexed, entire. Capsule quadrangular, on a flat
pedestal. Stem branched.
Syn. Pol^trichum sirictum. Menz. Tr. of Linn.
Soc. V. 4. 77. t. 7. f. 1. Sm. Ft. Brit. 1376.
Hvll. 247. Turn. Muse. Hib. 83.
A. NATIVE of dry, banen, mountainous placm. W'c liau
it from Scotland, by favour of Mr. G. Don, as well as an
authentic specimen from Mr, Menzies. Tlic brancliod rictn,
with a greater quantity of soft wliilc wootly down about
the roots, and the more npriglit or close position of the leans,
are supposed to constitute a specific ditlerencc brtwern lliii
and P. jnniperinum, t. 1200. The branches moreover are
sometimes very long, and from the close-pn^ssed Irnvi-s, i(
least in dry wentlier, look very slender, with a pale, mine ml
or rusty aspect tbaii is obscnable in the junip^inum. Never-
theless, we are inclined, with Mr. Turner, to suspect it a va-
riety only, though certainly a remarkable one. The lips of
the leaves are slightly serrated, but on thai we dare not lay any
vreat stress in this cas?.
-—fo*'-'^-^"'^
[ 1905 ]
FOLTTRICHUM alpinum.
-J^iK Hmr-m<m.
ajrroGjjOAi
Cax-C^Mi- Oa^lHmgr of 33 or M ihoit incilTOd
*■ ■ It - 3BBer s fac oadnided moiibnaie. Peil gfiDfr
ssEt ibsCMe: :le nAr baiy.
- - - Lsns >f t«il«m»Hnped, Bndy ut-
't CTSE, Awi|i^^ vitfa a top-sbapd
Jisx. ftgn-i-rnrr. a^pboiB. Limm. ^ PL 1573. Sm.
K.«-i.--f-T. OaJr-^MucSa. «iin. Tr.
«■" i ^"^ '- *- Si- Bmii. 470. /Fiil. 797.
Hut i»S. iiifc!: TOS. r«ni. Muc. Bt. ts.
Bcis. a is-.rii«. 11 19. Ork. Crypt. S.
'DiLm^^^t'ss.f.*. ' ^" "^""^
AxiLTTT^icael^hat i
famrec K ae Jnt MnW. Ifclm, a Jane 1803, oo Hon
£^iK Siai.. VimuH^^uc, Tofaiire. Tbc cijHaks an pn-
[ 1218 ]
POLTTRICHUM nnugemm.
I rm-iemded Hnr-
CMTTTOOdJlU Jbd
GrK. C=AZ. ^k»9- Frn^ of 32 cr 64 afaonnmrnd
sai: -nxr a fia caSnded nembtane. ral ga».
Sttt- Csax. Lcxnx hnceohie, findr senaied. C^
ssi«£ iijiiiiliinl, CRct, vidkMit a pwJj'oal, Stoa
. IJn,S^.PL 1573. Htdr.
X. Mu^ loa £. 22./. j-r. Mmz. Tr. 9/ Lin.
A1C.1.4. SI. Wkk. 797. J3»/tS48. IJgkif.70S.
DuiL. H. Seccfatr. IS. Sa
P. "^■■— ■ ■ ^ rnM. 471*
P. naaexaia, sos ex ais araigms. IXU. Muic, 427.
A
I
\r\
.Iftr'y. JWM Ji-lhiti t, ,/•/ .fn-trtt. ZfJ-
i -;^
[
POLYTRICHUM
Six-sitled Hair-moss.
CnyPTOaAMU Uma.
MS.
fGEN. Char. Outer fringe of 32 or 6* short incurved
teeth : inner a flat undivided tnembraoe. T^eil gene-
rally double : the outer hairy.
Spec. Char. Stem simple. Leaves Iinear-lanceoUte,
beardless, their edges and keel quite smooth and
entire. Capsule inclining, ovate, with ax angles,
contracted at the base, without a pedestal. Fringe
of sixty-four teeth.
SvN. Polytrichum sexangulare. Swariz in Schrad,
Jouni. V. 2. 17*.
One of the most curious acquisiiions of Messrs. Turner
and Hooker, who gathered it on Ben Nevis in their last-ycv'f
journey to Scotland, but not in fructification. The annexed
gpecimen in fruit waa sent us long ago from the Salttburg alp*
of Germany, hy our much -esteemed and very liberal cor-
respondent Dr. Schrader, with whom in the present disordertd
state of the world we can have no communication.
Mr. Flork, it seems, an eminent alpine botanist, first found
and named ihitt species of Polj/lTic/mm, It is known by iu
leaves being perfectly smooth and entire both at the edges and
keel, linear-lanceolate, slighily incurved, channelled above,
convex beneath, without any terminal hair. Its capsule is
ovate and €-sidcd, contracted at the base so as to resemble as
apophysis, but we think it has none. Veil double. Ltd awl-
shaped. Fringe of 64 minute white slender teeth standing ia
pairs.
r
a0
1906
1
s^
^
POLYTRICHUM subrotundura.
Drarf Round-headed Hair-moss.
CBTPTOGAJJU l/vffi
Got. Qkax. Oatrr fringe of 3S or 64 sbort incurreil
MSk iMs-afat im&Tidedmeiabnne. Fcil^ax!-
BAFMbk: Ae oBier hairy.
Sisc Osut. Len^ honable, obtuse, entire, T^itL
" ~ " f neaHj opright. Stem very dioT.
sobrotundiim. Huds. «/. 1. 400.
I Brit. 1378. J/enz. Tr. of Unn. Soc, t. 4.
CL IhilL 247. TVm. jlikic. fl!*. 89.
P. pcrnSum. Sp^artz. Muse. Suet. 77 and 108. t. 9.
/. 19. Hedir. Sp. Jlftuc 97. /. 21./. 7 — 9.
P. nanum, capsuUs subronuidis galoiiis, akxs folio
Doa serraio. Di//. Muse. 428. f. 35./. 6. A — F.
vJOUMON on heaibs and sandy or loamy bank*, bcariif hi
capmlo in tbc winter or early spring.
The root consists of fine ^cnsc wo<^iy fibres, and ts pre-
SBond to be amtuai. Sum scarcely any. Leaves numrniut,
of a davk dd) gmn, rigkl, thick'isb, obloog or Uoceolaie,
obtxHc, bwilkw, duDDeUed, for Uic noM put Quite cnUre,
the lowtfost oiJy being sometimes toothed at toe sammit.
~ ' "k aoKtary, dcI an inch higb, ncariy atnugfai, reddish
lickened at the top. Capeule almost erect, TDundBb
wbca yotaga short and tarhioaic, with a very « ide mooih ;
*^ ~ 1 oU, a little oblique. Frii^ of 3S slender teeth, soon
Lid coavex, red-edged, with a curbed beak,
il when yotmg. as in some other specks. VcU
dadUe, ^ OMieiioat ydlo»tsh brown.
• Mr. J. D. Soweiby has observed that what is above ciUed
LAeiBMr&iBfc b nore ptt)pcriy the membtanocs base of the
" KMtadiedtotbecohunn by iu centre; atid that there
K the, as «cU as in P. mbia/aai, t. 1940, a ml
■■■ihnMMS pmittammmi within the tceib. Thli gird i{uitB
a Mr iin off iIk geaaic character.
V m it
« *
[ 1625 ]
POLY TRIG HUM nanum.
Slender Round-headed Hair-moss*
CRYPTOGAMU Musct.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 32 or 64 short incurred
teeth: inner a flat undivided membrane- f^7 gene-
rally double : the outer hairy.
Spec. Char. Leaves linear, obtuse, slightly senaied.
Capsule turbinate, drooping. Fruit-stalk zigzag.
Stem very short.
Syn. Polytrichum nanum. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 95- Crypt,
V. 1. 35. (. 13. Menz. Tr. of Liniu Soc. v. 4. 69.
Sm. Fl. Brit. 1379. Huds. 470, {3. Hull, 2*7.
RelL 416. Sibth. 306. Turn. Muse. Hib. 89.
Ehrh. Crypt. 54.
P. subrolimdum. Curt. Lond.fasc. 2. (. 68. H'itlu
796. Abbot. 232.
P. nanum, capsulis subrotundis galeritis, aloes folio
non serrato. Dill. Mac. 428. i. 55. f. 6. G — L.
P. minus, capsulis subrotundis, calyptra quasi laceri
coronads. Rait St/n. 91.
Mnium potytrichoides a. Linn. Sp. PL 1576.
X* REQUENT in dry heathy places, flowering in the early
spring.
Root supposed to be annual. Whole plant much tike P. syi-
TOiundum, except that it is somewhat larger, the leaves nar-
rower, for the most part serrated, though obscurely, and tcM
rigid than in that species. The fruit -stalk is nearly an inch and
half high, slender, wavy or zigzag, twisted when dry. Cap-
flule more or less drooping, rather more oblong than in the
last-mentioned species. Fringe as in that, with a similar !□•
temal membrane.
! f,
/St.
[ 1649 ]
POLYTRICHUM aloides.
Dwarf Long-headed Hair-mou.
CRYPTOGAMIA Afwd.
Gen. Char. Outer fririge ot S2 or 64 short incinTed
teeth: mner a flat undivided membrane. ^7 gene-
rally double : the outer hairy.
Spec. Char. Leaves lanceolate, obtuse, rigidf serrated
towards the top. Capsule cylindrical, oblique. Stem
unbranched.
SvN. Polytrichum aloides. Hedw. Sp. Muse. 96. Crypt.
V, 1. 37. *. 14. Menz. TV. of Lino, Soc. v. 4. 70.
Sm.H.Bril.i 380. fTtlfi, 796. Hull. 247. Siblh.
S07. Tkim. Mtuc. Hib. 88.
P. nauum. Huds. 470, a. Lightf. 701.
P. parvum, aloes folio serrato, capsulis obloogis. Dill.
Muse. 429. (. 5,5./. 7.
Mnium polytrichoides /?. Linn. Sp. PI. 1577-
Frequ
2UENT on rather moist and shady banks near rirulets,
bearing capsule* in April or May, sometimes much later in
-«"f f i
[ 1605 ]
P 0 L Y T R I C II U M Dicksoni.
Dwarf Short-stalked Hair-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU Musct.
Gen. Char. Ca/ys. swelling. Outer fringe of 32 or 64
short, flat, incurved leeth : hiner a circular, trans-
verse membrane, attached to the points of the former.
feil generally double ; the outermost hairy.
Spec. Char. Leaves linear-lanceolate, obtuse, rigid,
serrated. Capsule cylindrical, erect. Lid conical,
taper-pointed. Stem mostly simple.
Syn. Polytrichum Dicksoni. Turn. Muse. Hit. 90. (. 10.
/.a.
P OR specimens of this
Yarmouth in April 1805,
iss, gathered on sandy banks ncxr
e are obliged to Mr. Turner, who
also received it from Ireland, as mentioned in his work en
Irish Mosses, and who ha^ named it aFter its original obscrrcr
Mr. Dickson.
It is nearly allied to several small species of its geout,
which we have not yet had an opportunity of figuring. We
shall iht-rcfore describe it without referring lo thoKC species.
Root of many dense woolly fibres, probably pcroinitl.
Stems half an inch high, erect, simple or slightly brancbed,
leafy- Leaves crowded, rigid, dark green with a tinge of
purple, smooth, rather spreading when wei, a little incuf?ed
when dry; they arc nearly linear, obtuse, k*«Ied, theit
margin and keel serrated. Fruitslalks red, not much exceeding
the leaves in length. Capsule quite erect, of a short cylin-
drical form, rounded at the base, smooth, purplish or gim-
cous. Fringe red, of about 33 teeth. Lid when yoimg and
moist conical, with a taper point; when dried the base be-
comes contracted and depressed. Outer veil composed of
dense brown hairs.
i
i
vr
i
\
[ 1939 ]
POLYTRICnUM rubellum.
Heddisk Dwarf Hair-moss.
CRYPTOGAMU Mujci.
Gen. Char. Outer fringe of 32 or 64 short incurred
teelh : inner a flat undivided membrane. Fcilgeae-
rally double : the outer hairy.
Stec. Char. Leaves lanceolate, bluniish, serrated ia
the margin and keel. Capsule cylindrical, oblique-
Stem branched.
SvN. Polytrichum rubellum. Menz. TV. of Linn. Soc.
V. 4. 79. (.7./. 3. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1381. HuJL 2*8.
Turn. Muse. Htb. 87.
P. abides. Ehrh. Crijpc. 45.
Gathered in April leos, by Mr. G. B. Sowerby, in a
wood at Darent, near Darlford, Kent; a spot cdtbraied fiit
aflbrdiiig many rare insects as well as plants, having been
much investigated by the late Mr. Lewin^ who for some time
resided there.
The steqi of this species is reddish, much more elongated
than in P. aloides, t. \&\g, and frequently branched ot sub-
divided. Indeed the whole plant is taller and larger. Leant
more curled and twisted when dry, serrated neaily throughout,
as is a great part of their keel. Fruitstallts commonly an iodt
and half, sometimes 3 inches, long, twisted, red. C^tnte
a Utile oblique, cylindrical inclining to ovate, its mouth
slightly dilated. Teeth 33. Lid lihort, pointed, vaxM co-
nical when young, as in others of this genus.
Moat authors have not distinguished tliia from P, tMda,
41
'■va-
/A/-
[ 1219 ]
POLYTRICHUM hercymcam.
Incurved llair-mots.
CRYFTOG.miA M-ud.
Gin. Char. Outer Fringe of 32 or 64 shon aaffd
teeth: inner a flat undifided membrane. FeSj/tt'
rally double : the outer hairy.
Spec. Char. Leaves linear, mostly entire, incumd
when dry. Capsule ovato-cylindrical, erea. Veil
angle, hairy when young.
Sm. Poivtiichum hercvnicum. Hedx. Sp. Muic. J*.
Crypt. V. 1.40.1. 'l5. ff'itL 797. HaU. S48.
Brrum incumun. Hadj. 47!>.
A RARE inhsiiiuiil of the Welch aitU,Scortuh nKmouiw, h
y I iiiirn' of vfaich we are obligml to Mr. Griffith, and to in
snEBial disctrrcrcr the Rn'. H. Davies. It bears fml in }<^-
Boot pomnial, densely woolly. Stems in tufb, fma ant
u> Aree ijuanen of an inch ia height, mostly nmpk. Lam
da!I-£iceii. t^h1> linear, channelW, rather pointed, kt Ac
\\f
i
1319
I
I
m
t
4 A
Off' i Jit -i /'ti."t •'*'•"' r> •'» ■' "••-(*• /■■"■•'■•
♦ 'i-
[ 1220 ]
POLYTRICHUM undulatum.
Undulated Hair-moss.
CBYPTOGuiMIA Muct.
Gem. Char. Outer Fringe of 32 or 64 short incurred
teeth : inner a flat undivided membrane, feil gene-
rally double: the outer hairy.
Spec. Char. Leaves lanceolate, serrated, cii^ when
dry. Capsule cylindrical, drooping. Veil rough
at the point.
£yn. Polytrichum undulatum. ffedw. Sp. Muse. 98.
Crypt. V. ). 43. /. 16, 17. Relh. 416. Sitlh. 30".
Bryum undulatum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1582. Buds. 479.
rVitk 836. Hull. 265. Abbot. 243. Curl. Land,
fasc. I. (. 70. Dicks. H. Siccfasc. 10. 19.
B. phylliddis folio rugoso acuto, capsulis incur\-is.
Dill. Muse. 860. t. 46./ 18.
B. capitulis oblongis rubentibus, foliis oblongis angtistis
pellucidis rugosis. Raii Syn. 95.
P REQUENT on shady sanby banks under hedges, and la
groves, ripening its capsules in February and March.
^
\ •?
"W
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