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Full text of "Entomological news, and proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia"

- ' ' ' ( Vffcf ilklll' 



Entomological News 



AND 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTK >\ 




OF THE 



ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 






OF 



PHILADELPHIA. 



VOLUME V, 1894. 



EDITOR : 

HENRY SKINNER, M. D. 
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Associate Editor. 






ADVISORY COMMITTEE : 

GKO. H. HORN, M.D. CHARI.KS A. BI.AKK. 

EZRA T. CRESSON. CHARI.KS LIEBKCK. 

Rev. HSNRY C. McCooK, D.D. 



PHILADELPHIA: 

ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF 

THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, 

LOGAN SQUARE. 

1894. 



INDEX TO VOLUME V. 



GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY. 

Alpine insects i 

Arthropods, Classification of 213, 

315- 

Bisulphide of Carbon as an 
insecticide . . . . . . .221 

Chicago, Entomology at . . 309 

Disease and flies 18 

Doherty, W 48 

Economic Entomologists, As- 
sociation of 248, . . 249, 254. 
Economic Entomology 15, 44, 73, 

116, 143, 1^2, 220, 249, 283, 311. 
Editorials 14, 42, 72, 115, 142, 181, 

219, 248, 282, 310. 
Elementary Entomology 65, 104, 

138. 

Entomological Literature 16, 21, 51, 
8r, 116, 117, 121, 143, 144, 148, 
187, 220, 222, 225, 255, 284, 288, 

310, 317- 

Entomological Section, Pro- 
ceedings of 24, 85, 154, 193, 233, 

292, 323- 
Experimental Agriculture . . 19 

Exportation of Beneficial in- 
sects 184 

Feldman Collecting Social, 

Meeting of .... 292, 322 
Floriculture, Entomology in .316 
Field meeting at Jamesburg . 224 
Fireflies, Experimenting with . 316 

Fossil insects 80 

Insecticides 221, 223 

Introduced insects . . . .311 
Julicli, \Y. . 

Legislation against insects . 44 
Local lists, Value of . . . .119 
Mails, Transmission of speci- 
mens bv 4 2 



Morris, Rev. J. G 19 

Mt. Washington, Insects of i, 271 

Net, Graf-Kriisis' 147 

New genera, Formation of . . 253 

Newspaper entomology 2iS, 247 

253- 

Norton, Edward . . . . .161 
Notes and News 17, 47, 77, i is, 146, 

185, 223, 253, 286, 313. 
Parasites of wild bees . . . 1 70 
Say Memorial Chapter A . A. . i S 

Schuster, M 96 

Staley, O. J 236 

Stowaways, Insects as . . .113 
Texas, Cellecting in .... 307 

Type specimens 142 

U. S. Entomologist . . . . iS2 

Walsh, B. D. ... 

Whistling tree 223 

ARACHNIDA. 

Cercidia 8 

Larinia S 

JMephila madagascarensis . . 79 
Michigan Araneae . . . . i'\; 
New N. Amer. species 8. 56, 84, 

124, 153, 192, 2320, 259, 299, 321. 
Ochyrocera pacific a* .... 299 
Orchesfina sn/litaiif* .... 300 

Pear-leaf mites 76 

Spider mimicry . . . . . i i 
Spiders new to the U. S., Two 

families of 

MYRIAPODA. 

New N. Amer. species ... 2; 

THYSANURA. 

Lepitiocyiins ccfiiialopurpm 

324. 
New \. Amer. species 

324- 



* Denotes new North American sp 



11 



INDEX. 



ORTHOPTERA. 

Cockroach, Habits of . 75, 
Grasshoppers, Outbreak of .216 
Locusts, Flight of ..... 237 
Mantis, Robber-fly and . . .169 
New N. Amer. species 56, 85, 153, 

192, 2320, 259, 291, 322. 
Pink Katydids ...... 278 

NEUROPTERA. 

. Icschna clepsydra and crenata, 

Specific indentity of ... 9 
( 'annacria gravida .... 193 

Distribution of Odonata . 242,314 
(,'oinp/in.s lividiis ..... 324 

I la genius brevistylus . . . 324 
Home among the tree tops, A 301 
Kansas, N. of ...... 178 

Maine, Odonata of .... 132 

Myrmeleonidae new to Illinois 47 
Mystacides punctata* . . . .180 

NVu N. A. species 85, 153, 180, 322 
Pantala Jiavescens .... 324 

White Ant again ..... 314 



Scolopostethns 108 

Tettigonidae, Synonymical 



HEMIPTERA. 

Aspidiotus bowreyi* . 



nerii 



steelii* . . 263, 
Ceroplastes albolineatus* . . 
Chinch-bug, Contagious dis- 

eases of ........ 

< 'liionaspis major* .... 

Cicada, Periodical ..... 

Coccidae on Ivy ...... 

Diaspis lanatus ...... 

/'rii'i-/ni H.^ coccincus* . . . 
| amaica, New wax-scale from . 
Lecanium urichi* ..... 

Meromyza nuiiin'-imi ... 
N<-\\ N. AIIHT. spec 24, 43, 59, 

i .S3, 192, 203, 232^, 260, 263, 

1 >< eanic 1 1., I laliits of . . 33 



59 
79 

282 

157 

222 

43 
145 

2IO 

43 

204 

157 
203 
17 
84, 

29 i. 

78 
i? 



notes on N. A. 



155 



COLEOPTERA, 



San Jusc scale . . . . |S2, 



Agrilus sinuatus . . . 311,323 

Aphanotus 40 

Bostrychus, An imported . .118 
Briaraxis arthritica* . . .159 
depressa* . . . .159 
Bryaxis albionica* . . . ' . 195 
California, C. of . . . . 17, 97 
Carpophilus niger larva . . . 260 

Cassida nebulosa 146 

Cassididae, Notes on our . . 224 

Conibius 40 

Criocetis i2-punctata . . . 292 

Cryptohypnus 6 

Cucujidae of San Diego ... 17 

Cychrus elevatus 18 

Cyllodes biplagiatus larva . . 262 

Desmoris 205 

Early spring trip, An . . . 175 

Ecyrus dasycerits 323 

Euplectus raff ray i* . . . .196 
Hispini of New Jersey ... 40 

Mine, An insect 114 

Mononychus vulpcculus and its 

parasites 287 

New Jersey, C. of . . . 40, 115 
New N. Amer. species 56, 84, 124, 

153, '59- !9 2 , 195, !9 6 , 2320, 260, 

322. 
Oxyporns rufipennis and stygi- 

cus 13 

Passing comments, Some . . 205 
I'/afypsyl/tis, Sexual characters 

of 141 

Pselaphidae, 158, 194 

Reared C 140 

Sapriinis sulcafiilits .... 14 

Scyinnus 293 

Sniicn>nyx 205 

Timber beetles 76 

'/'rito>iia lutnicralis larva 260 



I ''H North American speci 



INDEX. 



111 



DIPTERA. 

Asilidae, Habits of no, 169, 173 
firachycoma davidsoni* . . .172 

Bugonia superstition .... 48 
Ceroplatus fasciola* . . . .126 
Criorhina (Cynorhina) julni- 

soni* 125 

Erax 136 

Flies and disease 18 

Holcocephala calva .... 292 
Mounting D., Hints in regard 

to 245 

New N. Amer. species 24, 56 84, 

125, 154, 193, 2320:, 322. 

Orthostethus infuscata . . . 292 

Rhynchocephalus sackeni . . 47 

Robber-fly no, 169 

Sapromyzince, Amer. gereraof 196 

Tachinid attack 78 

Tovvnsend collection .... 186 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Alcathce caudatum . . . .331 

Alctia argillacea 147 

Ap at ura celtis 120 

Arkansas, L. of 108 

Brooklyn, Collecting in ... 174 
Catocalse of Pittsburg . . .212 

Classification of L 240 

Codling moth 284 

Coinposia fidelissima . . . .118 
Connecticut, Butterflies of . . 77 
Cossids and woodpeckers . . 73 

Cossus cent ere us is 314 

Destroying caterpillars New 

method of 283 

Destroy Zeuzera pyrina, To . 287 
Dygoniidae, New West African 57 

Early L 79, 146, 147 

Ercb its odora in houses . 71, 117 

Eudanius outis* 332 

Eunica tatila 17 

Euphoria inda* 198 

Geometrid larvae, Descriptions 

of . 60 



Geometrina 65 

Id., Types of N. Amer. in Eu- 
ropean collections .... 302 
Grain moth at the Fair ... 15 
Greenland Microlepidoptera . 129 
Hepialus lemberti* .... 25 
Hesperidae, African . . .26, 89 

Hyparpax tyria* 198 

Martindale collection .... 146 
Microlepidoptera . 104, 129, 138 
Missouri, Sphinges of . . . 176 
Montana, Butterflies of . . .36 
Myscelia skinneri* .... 96 
New African species . . 26, 57, 89 
New Genera, Formation of . 253 
New N. Amer. species 24, 25, 56, 
96, no, 124, 131, 153, 193, 198, 
232*1, 260, 330, 331, 332. 
Notes common or otherwise . 277 

Pagara eudora* 198 

Papilio cresphontes . . . .212 

' ' /laments larva and pupa 101 

" philenor'm N. E. . 41, 77 

Philampelus licaon . . . .314 

Pterophorina .... 208, 279 

Pyralidina and Pterophorina, 

relationship between . 208, 279 
Sannina exitiosa n. var. . .331 

Sciapteron dollii* 330 

" seminole* . . . 330 
Sericoris meng eland* . . .131 
Smerinthus geminatus . . . 315 
" Interfaunal hybrid. 326 

Sphinges of Missouri . . . .176 
Sphinx luscitiosa larva and 

pupa 265 

Tachyris ilaire v. Nciimoe- 

genii* no 

The da acis 180 

" ia/ifoniica .... 329 
Timor-Laut, Butterflies of ^ 

Utah, Collecting in . . 133. 164 
\Vnturesome insects . . .120 

HYMENOPTERA. 

A /y so n nutiatus* - S 7 



* Denotes tiew North American species. 



IV 



INDEX. 



Alyson sfriatus* 87 

Synopsis of ... 86 

Ants from N. Mex 103 

Bees fly, How far do? . . 254 
Bembex moncdonta .... 323 
Bees, Parasites of wild . . .17 

lirachycistHS 296 

" elegantulus* . .295 
Calliopsis snbalpinus* . . . 235 

Chrysis mesillcs* 125 

Didineis nodosa* 127 

" peculiar is* . . . .128 
" Synopsis of . . . . 126 
IJaypiphorus maculatus, Num- 
ber of annual broods of . . 275 

Hcmiteles 118, 146 

Longevity of parasites . . .147 
Mcllinus, Synopsis of ... 201 

Melissodcs tristis* 234 

Mounting H., Hints in regard to 245 

NVw X. . \rner. species, 56, 85, 87, 

124, 125, 127, 128, 154, 193, 199, 

232rt, 234, 260, 293, 297, 323, 328. 

New localities for H 246 

Nomadapennigev* .... 235 
Northward range of southern 

species 224 

Parasites of Mononychus . . 287 
festi\ .... 328 

!nt cola* 328 

Pezinnaclins and /fcniiffles, 

Iilt-iitiiy of nS, 146 

I'lwtap.^i^ \- nocturnal . . . 286 
" /t-rri/iis"' .... 200 
YITSUS Brachycistus 296 
Sphesropthalmus dugesii* . . 294 
lictcrochroa"' 293 
294 
297 
199 
199 

CONTRIBUTORS TO VOL V. 
Aaron, S. F. 1 1 <> 

Aich, II. 147, 148 

Ami >!<], Sir. !!., 237 



Baker, C. F., 
Banks, N., . 
Bischoff, E. A., 
Blaisdell, F. E., 
Boerner, C. R., 



163 

8, 178, 213, 298 
. . . 115, n8 

17 

175 

Brendel, E., 158, 194 

Calvert, P. P., 9, 2 42 

Casad, MissJ. E. 293 

Casey, T. L . 205 

Cockerel!, T. D. A., 43, 59, 79, I2 5, 
157, 173. J 99, 203, 210, 234, 263, 
282, 287, 293, 328 
Coquillett, D. W., . . . 125, 172 

Daggett, F. S., 216 

Davidson, A., 170 

Davis, J., 1 08 

Denton, S. W., 41 

Dyar, H. G., 25, 60, 198, 225, 329 

Ehrmann, G. A., 212 

Fall, H. C 97 

Fernald, C. H., . 104, 129, 138 

Fischer, E. R., 114 

Fox, W. J., 24, 86, 126, 201, 296, 297 

Hamilton, J., 288 

Harvey, F. L., 324 

Heilprin 301 

Holland, W. J., 26. 39, 57, 89 

Hopping, R., 116 

Horn, G. H., 6, 14, 40, 141, 146, 224 

Hulst, G. D 65, 279, 302 

Kellicott, D. S., 314 

Kellogg, V. L 283 

Kingsley, J. S., 315 

Klages, E. A., 198 

Kiin/i-, R. E., .... 265, 316 

Laurent, P., 146, H7 

Lembert, J. B., 120 

Marlatt, C. L 255 

McDade, ]. E 47 

Menzel, L. W., 96 

M. rkrl, A 254 

Moon-, I. F., |r., 77 

Moore, W., 18 

Nason, \V. A 245, 246 

Neumoegen, r> 32(1, 330 



new Ninth American species. 



INDEX. 



Osten Sacken, C. R., . . . 48 

Ottolengui, R 3 : 4 

Packard, A. S., 119 

Patton, VV. H. 119, 224 

Pilate, G. R., 120 

Riley, C. V., .... 185, 186 

Rowley, R. R., 176 

Schaus, W., 17 

Sharp, F., 307 

Skinner, H., . . . .no, 180,332 

Slingerland, M. V 17 

Slosson, Mrs. A. T., . i, 198, 271 
Smith, J. B., 15, 44, 73, 116, 143, 

182, 218,, 220, 240, 249, 283, 311 
Snyder, A. J., . 133 164, 277, 309 



Taylor, C. B., 101 

Townsend, C. H. T., . . .103 

Tutt, J. W., 2oS 

Van Duzee, E. P., . . . 108, 155 
Wadsworth, Miss M., . . .132 

Walton, L. B., [3 

Webster F. M., 78, 140, 146, 147, 275 

Wenzel, H. W., 40 

Westcott, O. S., 71 

White, H. G. 174, 287 

Wickham, H. F., 33, 78, 117, 260 

Wiley, C. A 36 

Williston, S. W., 48, 136, 186, 196 
Wood, W. C., . 18 



KNT. NEWS, Vol. IV. 



PI. XIV. 




DR. H. A. HAGEN. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS OE THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL. v. JANUARY, 1894. No. i. 



CONTENTS: 



Slosson List of insects taken in alpine 

region of Mt. Washington i 

Horn A note on Cryptohypnus 6 



Editorial 14 

Economic Entomology 15 

Notes and News 17 



Banks Notes on Larinia and Cercidia S \ Entomological Literature 21 

Caivert On the specific identity of AL. Entomological Section 24 

clepsydra and crenata 9 Dyar A new Hepialus from Cala 25 

Walton Oxy. rufipennis and stygicus.. 13 : Holland African Hesperiidse 26 

9 __ 

LIST OF INSECTS TAKEN IN ALPINE REGION OF 
MT. WASHINGTON. 

By ANNIE TRUMBULL SLOSSON. 

In 1874, Mr. E. P. Austin (Proc. Bost. S.oc. Nat. Hist. vol. 
xvi, p. 265) published his " Catalogue of the Coleoptera of Mt. 
Washington, N. H., with descriptions of new species by }. L. 
LeConte, M.D." 

In 1877, Mr. F. Gardiner, Jr., published in "Psyche" (vol. 
ii, p. 211) a list of additional species taken by himself and Mr. 
W. Schaus, Jr., in July, 1877. I n neither of these catalogues 
do the authors limit themselves strictly to insects collected in the 
alpine region proper, though in the latter list nearly all were 
taken there. 

Mr. Austin's camp was situated ''a short distance below the 
Half-way House," about 3900 feet altitude, and nearly all of his 
collecting was done near that place. He includes, also, he says, 
Coleoptera taken by Mr. S. H. Scudder "near the foot of the 
mountain," others gathered by Mr. Samuel Henshaw, locality not 
given, and some from a list of general White Mountain sprcies 
by Mr. G. D. Smith, as far as I can discover comparatively !-w 
of the insects named in this catalogue were taken on the summit 



2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

or above what is called the alpine line, 4000 feet above sea-level. 

In the list of Messrs. Gardiner and Schaus the localities are 
carefully designated. Out of its 114 species not contained in 
Austin's list, all but a half dozen or so seem to have been taken 
above the alpine limit. I know of no lists in orders other than 
Coleoptera ever published. 

In July and August, of 1893, as mentioned in a previous paper 
(ENT. NEWS, vol.uii, p. 249), I spent several days on Mt. Wash- 
ington and collected many species. I herewith append a com- 
plete list of such, and add also a few taken in previous visits. 
These last are marked with an asterisk. Every insect here men- 
tioned was taken at or above 5500 feet altitude, and much the 
greater part of them on the summit, or cone itself, about 6300 feet. 
Among the Coleoptera there are fifty species not included in 
either Austin's or Gardiner's lists, and in other orders there are 
at least five entirely new species, and probably more. Let me 
again repeat here my grateful acknowledgement of assistance 
rendered me in the identification of insects by Messrs. Liebeck, 
Fox, Davis, Van Duzee, Calvert and others, without whose aid 
I could not have prepared this list. 

COLEOPTERA. Amara hyperborea Dej. 

latior Kirbv. 

* Platynus cupripennis Say. 

Cicindela longilabris? Say. Agonoderus pallipes Fab. 

Carabidae. Harpalus pleuriticus Kirby. 

Stenolophus conjunctus Say. 
Carabus chamissoms risen. 

* Calosoma frigidum Kirby. Dytiscidae. 

Elaphrus fuliginosus Say. Laccophilus maculosus Germ. 

Nebria suturalis Lee. Bidessus affinis Say. 

sahlbergi Fisch. Hydroporus sp. ? 

Bembidium pictum Lee. Agabus confinis ? 

Patrobus rugicollis Rand. Rhantus binotatus Hart: 
Trechus chalybeus Mann. 
Pterostichus adoxus Say. Hydrophilidse. 

coracinus Nezvm. Helophorus linearis Lee. ? 

lucublandus Say. Hydrophilus mixtus Lee. 

vitreus Dej. Berosus striatus Say. 

tnandibularis Kirby. Cymbiodyta fimbriatus Melsh. 

vindicatus Mann. Creniphilus subciipreus Sav. 

hudsonicus Lee. 
Amara arenaria Lee. Silphidae. 

similis Kirby. Silpha surinamensis Fab. 



i8 9 4-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Staphylinidae. 

Quedius sp. ? 

Philonthus palliatus Grav. ? 

debilis Grav. 

Xantholinus hamatus Say. 
Stenus sp. ? 
Acidota crenata Fab. 

Ooccinellidae. 

Coccinella trifasciata Linn. 

transverso-guttata Fab. 
Harmonia similis Rand. 

picta Rand. 

1 2-maculata Geb 
Psyllobora 2o-maculata Say. 
Brachyacantha ursina Fab. 

Byrrhidae. 

Simplocaria metallica Sturm. 
Cytilus trivittatus Melsh. 
Byrrhus cyclophorus Kirby? 
geminatus Lee. 

Elateridae. 

Cryptohypnus sanborni Horn. 
abbrevi'atus Say. 
restrictus Mann. 
Elater socer Lee. 

" semicinctus Rand. 
" nigricans Germ. ? 
" rubricus Say. 
" apicatus Say. 
Agriotes limosus Lee. 
Limonius sp. ? 

Campylus denticornis Kirby. 
Paranomus costal is Payk. 
pictus Cand. 
Corymbites virens Schr. 

resplendens Esch. 
spinosus Lee. 
medianus Germ. 
triundulatus Rand. 
propola Lcc. 
hieroglyphicus Say. 
cruciatus Linn. 
* Asaphes decoloratus Say. 



Buprestidae. 

* Buprestis maculiventris Say. 
Melanophila longipes Say. 

drummondi Kirby. 
fulvoguttata Harr. 
Chrysobothris trinervia Kirby. 

scabripennis L.&G. 

Lampyridae. 

Csenia dimidiata Fab. 
Eros aurora Hbst. 
Lucidota atra Fab. 
Ellychnia corrusca Linn. 
Pyropyga decipiens Harr. 
Podabrus diadema Fab. 
Telephorus carolinus Fab. 

rotundicollis Say. 

Cleridae. 

Thanasimus undulatus Say. 

Ptinidae. 

Ptilinus ruficornis Say. 

Scarabseidae. 

* Aphodius fimetarius Linn. 

granarius Linn. 
prodromus Brahm. 
Allorhina nitida Linn. 

* Euphoria fulgida Fab. 

Cerambycidae. 

Asemum moestum Hald. 
Tetropium cinnamopteruni Kirby. 
Kliagium lineatum Oliv. 

* Rhopalopus sanguinicollis Horn. 
Pachyta monticola Rand. 
Anthophilax attenuatus Hald. 
Acnueops bivittata .S'cr. 

proteus A7;/<r. 
Leptura 6 marulata Linn. 
" canadcnsis Fab. 
proxitna Say. 
pubera .S(/r. 
ruficollis Say. 
mutabilis ATI';//. 
MiiiiolianiiiHis scutellatus Stir. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



[January, 



Pogonocherus penicellatus Lee. 

Chrysomelid*. 

* Donacia emarginata Kirby. 
Orsodachna children! Kirby. 

" tibialis Kirby. 

Adoxus vitis Linn. 
Doryphora lo-lineata Say. 
Chrysomela elegans Oliv. 
Gonioctena pallida Linn. 

* Luperus varipes Lee. 

cyanellus Lee. 

meraca Say. 

*Trirhabda canadensis Kirby. 
Galerucella cavicollis Lee. 
decora Say. 

Tenebrionidae. 

* Iphthimus opacus Lee. 
*Upis ceramboides Linn. 

Cistellidae. 

Isomira 4-striata Coup. 

Melandryidse. 
Scotodes americanus Horn. 

Pylhidae. 

Crymodes discicollis Lee. 

Cephaloidae. 

Cephaloon lepturides Neivm. 

Authicidae. 

*Corphyra lugubris Say. 

Pyrochroidae. 

Schizotus cervicalis Newtn. 

Gurculionidae. 

Lepyrus colon Linn. 
Balaninus uniformis Lee. 

Scolytidae. 
Polygraphus rufipeunis Kirby. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Teiithredinidae. 

Pristiphorus identidem Nort. 
Strongylogaster annulosus ? Nort. 
(a var. ?) 



Dolerus arvensis Say. 

* Macrophya epinota Say. 

fuliginea Nort. 
Tenth redo rufipes Say. 
eximia Nort. 
signata Nort. 

Uroceridae. 

Xiphydria provancheri Cr. 

Icliueumonidae. 

Ichneumon sublatus Cr. 

leviculus Cr. 

vv-album Cr. sp. ? 

approximans (?) Prov. 
Platylabus scutellatus Prov. 

'' signatus Prov. 

Phygadeuon sp. ? 
Cryptus annulatus Prov. 
Mesostenus albomaculatus Cr. 
Ophion bifoveolatum Bridle. 
Anomalon rufulum Prov. 
Xenoschesis alpinensis Davis ms. 

* Opheltes glaucopterus Linn. 
Mesoleius canadensis Prov. 

bicolor Davis ms. 

* Arotes amoenus Cr. 

decorns Say. 
Pimpla inquisitor Say. 

pedal is Cr. 

Schizopyga frigida Cr. 
Meniscus elegans Cr. 
var. 
Xylonomus stigmapterus*6oj/. 

Braconidae. 

Bracon simplex Cr. 

Rhogas sp. ? 

Helcon dentipes Brulle. 

Chrysididae. 

Elampus sp. ? 

* Chrysis nortoni Aaron. 

Formicidae. 

*Camponotus herculaneus Linn. 
Formica sp. ? 



1 894-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Lasius sp. ? 
Myrmica sp. ? 

Apidae. 

Bombus pennsylvanicus DeG. 
*Apis mellifica Linn. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Rhopalocera. 

* Danais archippus Fab. 
Argynnis atlantis Ewd. 

myrina Cram. 
montinus Scud. 
bellona Fab. 

* Melitaea harrisii Scud. 
Grapta faunus Edw. 

gracilis G. & R. 
Vanessa antiopa Linn. 
milbertii Gdt. 

* Limenitis arthemis Dm. 

disippus Gdt. 
Chionobas semidea Say. 
Pieris napi Esp. 

" rapa? Linn. 
Colias philodice Gdt. 

* Papilio turnus Linn. 

* Pamphila hobomok Harr. 

peckius Kirby. 
cernes Edw. 
Nisoniades icelus Lint. 

Heterocera. 

Albuna torva Hy. Edw. 
Aegeria fulvipes Harr. 

* Alypia langtonii Coup. 
CEdemasia nmrinna l\ick. 
Platypteryx arcuata Walk. 
Agrotis prasina. 

sp. ? 

* Pachnobia \vockri Moesch. 

* Carneades opipara Morr. 
Plusia vaccinii 7/r. J'.dw. 

" simplex (,'ncn. 
Anarta melanopa Tluinh. 

" schoenherri '/.ctt. 
Lobophora sp. ? 

* Carsia paludata Tliunb. 



Eupithecia cretaceata Pack. 
Laodamia fusca //<;;.. 
Caccecia georgiana (irl. 
Ptycholoma melaleucana Walk. 
Sciaphila mceschleriana Wockt-. 
Penthina intermistana Clan. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Heteroptera. 

Corimeleena atra Am. & S. 

* Canthophorus cinctus Pal. Itcatir. 
Podisus spinosus Da/las. 

" modestus Dal/as. 
Brochymena arborea Say. 
Acanthosoma lateralis Say. 
Ligyrocoris sylvestris Linn. 
Eremocoris ferus Say. 
Trigonotylus ruficornis Fall. 
Leptopterna dolobrata Linn. 
Resthenia insignis Say. 
insitiva Say. 
Lopidea confluens Say. 

* Calocoris rapidus Say. 
Capsus ater Linn. 
Monaloccris filicis Linn. 
*Capsid gen. ? sp. ? 

( < U ( ( 

Aradus 4-hneatus ? Say. 
Coriscus punctipes Kent. 
Limnoporus rufoscutellatus Lai. 
*Salda deplanata t'lil. 
" sp. ? 

Homoptera. 

* Ceresa bubulus Fab. 

Cyrtolopus sp. ? 
< tphiderma salamandra /-'aim. 
Delphacid gen. ? sp. ? 
Pliila-nus liiu-atus Linn. 

* Bythoscopus sobrius M'alk. 

pruni /'/<';. 

Onconu-tnpia costalis / 
Hi-1- tchara (dininuni^ l-'Hch. 
1 ifltoccplialiis coiiriguratiH /'///. 
Cicadula 6-notata /'(///. 

slossoiii / \inD. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



[January, 



DIPTERA. 

Bibio sp. ? 

* Chironomus sp. ? 
Dicronomyia pudica O. S. 
Tipula sp. ? 
Xylophagus rufipes Loew. 

sp. ? 

Therioplectes lasiophthalmus Macq. 
Dioctria albius Walk. 
Cyrtopogon bimacula Say. 
Holcocephala abdominalis Say. 
Dasyllis flavicollis Say. 
Symphromyia pullata Cog. 

* Laphria pubescens Willist. 

sericea Say. 

* Melanostoma obscura O. S. 
*Syrphus contumax O. S. 

torvus O. S. 
lesueurii Macq. 
Eristalis compactus Walk. 
dimidiatus Wied. 
tenax Linn., 

Also many species of Tachinidae 
and Muscidse not identified. 

* Xylota curvipes Loew. 
Temnostoma bombylans Fab. 

alternans Loew. 
Homalomyia sp. ? 



Cordylura sp. ? 

Scatophaga stercoraria Linn. 

*Tetanocera plumosa Loew. 

saratogensis Fitch. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

* Pezotettix glacialis Scud. 
Melanoplus femur-rubrum DeC. 
Chortophagus viridifasciata DeG. 
Hippiscus tuberculatus P. deB. 
Tettix granulatus Kirby. 

" ornatus Say. 
Tettigidea polymorpha Sunn. 
Periplaneta americana Fab. 

NEUROPTERA. 

Nehalennia irene Hag'. 
Chrysopa oculata Say. 

Several Phryganidae, etc., 
identified. 



un- 



Clubiona canadensis Em. 
Pardosa brunnea Em. 

PHALANGID^. 

Oligolophus montanus Bks. tns. 

ACARIN^. 
Rhyncolophus montanus Bks. n. sp. 



-o- 



A NOTE ON CRYPTOHYPNUS. 

By GEO. H. HORN, M.D. 

In a recent number of " Entomologische Nachrichten" (1893, 
pp. 305-311) Mr. E. Bergroth publishes some remarks on the 
Cat. Col. Eur. by E. Reitter, which have but little interest for 
our fauna until Cryptohypnus is reached, concerning which he 
says: "The genus Crytohypnus Latr. is still confounded with 
Hypnoidus Steph. They are, however, two distinct genera stand- 
ing well apart, as Schioedte has shown, denning them in the fol- 
lowing manner: 

Cryptohypnus. Epimera of mesothorax reaching the coxa, 



i8 9 4-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



the outer closure of the coxal cavity formed of mesosternum, 
mes-epimeron and metasternum. 

Hypnoidus. Epimera of mesothorax not reaching the coxa, 
the cavity closed externally by the meso- and metathorax. 

Schioedte's work was entirely overlooked by me, and the char- 
acters above noted were equally unobserved. As the genera 
formed, at the expense of Cryptohypnus, seemed untenable, I 
ventured the remark that, "if any division of Cryptohypnus be 
thought necessary, that based on the form of the prosternal sutures 
appears to be the only one desirable." The genus Hypnoidus, as 
defined, is really due to Schioedte, as without his definition it is 
as untenable as several others which are not now recognized as 
valid. 

As thus defined, our species arrange themselves in the follow- 
ing manner: 



Cryptohypnus Latr.. 
littoralis Esch. 
grandicollis Lee. 
hyperboreus Gyll. 
barbatus Sahib. 
abbreviatus Say. 
impressicollis Mann. 
nocturnus Esch. 
squalidus Lee. 
funebris Cand. 
planatus Lee. 



HypnoidllS Steph. (Schioedte). 

striatulus Lee. 
delumbis Horn. 
charis Say. 
ornatus Lee. 
cucullatus Horn. 
melsheimeri Horn. 
caurinus Horn. 
dispersus Horn. 
gradarius Horn. 
tumescens Lee. 
musculus Esch. 
dubius Horn. 
gentilis Lee. 
sestivus Horn. 
perplex us Horn. 
restrictulus Mann. 
obliquatulus Mels. 
pectoralis Say. 

On comparing the above list with my essay on Cryptohypnus^ 
it will be observed that our species divide into the two genera on 
precisely the lines indicated by me, based on the form of the 
prosternal sutures. 



8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

NQTES ON LARINIA AND CERCIDIA. 

By NATHAN BANKS. 

The genus Larinia was established by Simon in 1874, for two 
spiders' from France. The genus is readily distinguished from 
its ally, Singa, by having the p. m. e. nearly touching, and the 
larger a. s. e. quite widely separated. The body is elongate, and 
the abdomen projects over the cephalothorax in a blunt point. 
Epeira directa Hentz agrees with the characters of Larinia, and 
so must belong to it. In the Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1892, 
p. 127, Dr. McCook forms, for E. directa, the new genus Drex- 
elia; but as the type species belongs to Larinia, Drexelia be- 
comes a synonym. I have seen another species of this genus 
which may be separated from L. directa by the following char- 
acters : 

Metatarsus I longer than tibia I and twice as long as the width of body, 
sternum yellow L. directa. 

Metatarsus I not longer than tibia I and not longer than width of body, 
sternum black L. borealis. 

Larinia borealis nov. sp. 

Length 6 mm.; tibia plus patella I 2.5 mm. Cephalothorax pale yel- 
lowish, with a black line on the margin and a black line, bifid near an- 
terior end, reaching from the dorsal groove to the p. m. e. Mandibles, 
palpi and legs pale yellowish; sternum black, with a narrow median yel- 
low line. Abdomen gray, with black spots on the sides, above with a 
pale median stripe, and a row of four black spots on each side near tip; 
venter with three narrow black stripes, uniting at base of spinnerets. Ce- 
phalothorax much narrowed in front, but not as slender as in L. directa; 
sternum barely narrowed in front; legs moderate, much shorter than in 
L. directa, especially the anterior pairs; abdomen about twice as long as 
wide, pointed in front, broadly rounded behind. 

I have six specimens of this species, four from Olympia, Wash. 
(Mr. Trevor Kincaid), and two from Franconia, N. H. (Mrs. A. 
T. Slosson). 

Larinia directa Hentz. 

Epeira directa Hentz and Epeira rubella Hentz. 

Drexelia directa McCook. 

Length 10 mm.; .tibia plus patella I 55 mm. This is a much more 
slender species than L. borealis, the abdomen three times as long as 
broad, and the legs much longer. The abdomen varies much in mark- 
ing's, usually having a yellowish stripe above, and some black spots or 
lines each side; the venter has two brown lines uniting just before the 



1894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 9 

spinnerets; the sternum is yellow; the legs are sometimes finely pointed 
with black. The abdomen projects beyond the spinnerets farther than in 
L. borealis. 

I have collected it in eastern Texas, where it makes an oblique 
web in grass. Hentz had it from South Carolina and Alabama. 

Cercidia Thorell, 1870. 

This genus is also close to Singa, but differs in having the 
fourth pair of legs longer than the first. The abdomen is 
pointed in front like that of Larinia. One species is known in 
Europe, and I have received it in a collection of spiders from 
Franconia, N. H., made by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. 

Cercidia prominens Westring. 

Singa scutigcra Westr. 

Epeira be/la Mead. 

Ate a spinosa Ohl. 

Lengths mm. Cephalothorax red; mandibles red with a black spot; 
sternum black; legs yellowish with brown rings; abdomen brownish 
above, with a large reddish shield nearly covering the dorsum, an indis- 
tinct light stripe and behind some transverse black lines; venter with a 
median black stripe as wide as sternum, yellowish each side; there are 
five short black spines in front on the dorsal shield, and four prominent 
muscular spots above. The cephalothorax has above on the median line 
two prominent spines. The epigynum consists of a short and broad 
finger arising from the anterior edge of a cavity which is much broader 
than long. 

One female, Franconia, N. H. 



ON THE SPECIFIC IDENTITY OF /ESCHNA CLEPSYDRA Say 

and /E. CRENATA Hagen (eremita ScudderJ. 
By PHILIP P. CALVERT, Philadelphia, Pa. 

In my recent "Catalogue of the Odonata (Dragonflies) of the 
vicinity of Philadelphia, with an Introduction to the Study of 
this group of Insects" (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xx, pp. \^2a-2~2, 
1893), I have placed /Eschna crenata Hagen 1856, and .-/-.'. 
mita Scudder 1866, as synonyms of clepsydra Say i.\V), pro 
ising in a foot-note (p. 248) to present the evidence for thi> 
tion later. This paper is a fulfilment of that promise. 

The specific identity of crenata and cronita has been known 
since 1875, and needs no discussion hrp-. 

Having suspected that clepsydra and eremita we iv but two ex 



io ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

treme forms of one and the same species, I sent a specimen of 
what I presumed to be clepsydra to Mr. Samuel Henshaw, with 
the request that he compare 'it with specimens at Boston and 
Cambridge. His reply, dated Cambridge, July 7, 1893, is as 
follows: " Your ' presumed clepsydra agrees in every point you 
mention with the clepsydra in the M. C. Z. [Museum of Com- 
parative Zoology] collection, and also with the Say type in B. 
S. N. H. [Boston Society of Natural History] Harris collection, 
as far as it can be compared with it. In the Say specimen, one 
of the sup. app. is wholly destroyed, and also the apical portion 
of the other; the inf. app., clypeus, and comparative robustness 
of the Say specimen agree with your ' presumed clepsydra' rather 
than with eremita." 

I possess one of the original 1 types of eremita Scud., given 
to me by Dr. Hagen. The following table shows the differences 
which I find between this type and a male " presumed clepsydra" 
almost exactly like the one sent to Mr. Henshaw. With the ex- 
ception of number 2, these are the "points you mention" re- 
ferred to in Mr. Henshaw' s letter: 



s. eremita Scud. $ type. Presumed JE. clepsydra Say $. 

1. More robust in form, e.g., great- i. Less robust, e. g., greatest width 

est width of thorax 8 mm. of thorax 6.5 mm. 

2. A black line on the suture be- 2 . No such black line. 

tween nasus and frons. 

3. Clypeus broad (5 mm.) in pro- 3- Clypeus narrower (3 mm.) in 

portion to its height (3 mm.) proportion to its height (2.6 

mm). 

4. Auricles on second abdominal 4 Tne same Wlt h four teeth, the 

segment with five teeth, the outer one very small. 

outer two smaller. 

5. Median basal tooth of io not 5- Compressed, sharp at tip when 

compressed, blunt at tip when viewed from behind. 

viewed from behind. 6 Sup app abruptly narrowed in 

6. Sup. app. not abruptly narrowed the basal third; extreme apex 

in the basal third; extreme apex prolonged into a distinct, acute 

barely with an acute point. process. 

7. Inf. app. one-half as long as sup. ?' Inf. app. more than half as long 

aDD as sup. app. and more acute at 

tip. 

None of these differences are constant, and they vary indepen- 
dently of each other. I can find no characters that are invariable, 
and consequently regard the two specimens here tabulated as 
two extremes of one and the same species. 

These conclusions are based on a study of forty males from 
the following localities: An original type of eremita .Scud, from 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. II 

Hermit Lake, Mt. Washington, N. H.; twenty-two from the 
same locality collected Aug. 2, 1890, and two from near Fabyan's, 
White Mountains, N. H., Aug. 22, 1889, by myself; eight from 
Lake St. Regis, Franklin County, N. Y., by Mr. J. Percy Moore; 
two from Pictou, Nova Scotia, by Mr. W. Sheraton; two from 
Sherborn, Mass., by Mr. A. L. Babcock; two from the Catskill 
Mountains, N. Y., August 28, by Mr. E. M. Aaron (A. E. S.); 
one from St. Johns, Newfoundland, by the Peary Relief Expedi- 
tion (Phila. A. N. S.). I have not been able to separate the 
females of this species from those of sE. ^wzs/rzc/a, zrr/zVa/w, etc. 
In view of the existence of Dr. Scudder's careful and detailed 
description of eremita, it will be necessary here to note merely 
those variations from his description and from Dr. Hagen's de- 
scription of clepsydra (Syn. Neur. N. A., p. 122, 1 86 1) which 
are revealed by a study of the above material. 

The black line on the fronto-nasal suture is present in all the males (23) 
from Hermit Lake, in the one from Newfoundland, in one from the Cats- 
kills, and in one from Lake St. Regis, but absent in the remaining four- 
teen.* 

The single male from Lake St. Regis which possesses this black line 
approaches the males from Hermit Lake in the shape of the sup. app. 
more closely than do any of the other seven from Lake St. Regis which 
have not this black line. Nevertheless, the transitions in shape of the 
sup. app. between all eight from Lake St. Regis are very gradual. 

The number of teeth on the auricles varies as follows : 3-6 (Hermit 
Lake), 3-4 (Lake St. Regis), 3-4 (Catskills), 2-4 (Sherborn), 3 (Newfound- 
land, Fabyan's); their number is frequently different on the right and left 
auricles of the same individual. 

The blue spots on the tenth abdominal segment are confluent in three 
males from Lake St. Regis, not confluent in the remaining thirty-seven. 

The shape of the superior appendages is the most important structural 
character involved in this discussion. The variation is shown in the ac- 
companying series of seven figures. 




Dorsal view of apex of right superior appendage of a series of males of jEschna 
sydra Say, from various localities. (Enlarged.) 

i. Lake St. Regis: 2. Kabyan's, N. H.; 3. Lake St. Regis; 4. Pictou, N. S.; 5. Lake St. 
Regis; 6, 7, Hermit Lake; 6 is from the original type of er.-iuit i Scud., quoted in the text. 
Some of the denticulations on the caritia are shown by minute circles. 

* Dr. Hagen writes of ,-E. eremi:[ic\a, "The black anterior line mi the front is some- 
times wanting." 1'roc. Bost. Soc. N. II. xviii, p. 34. 



12 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

The shape of the superior appendages in the males from Hermit Lake 
varies but slightly (Figs. 6 and 7), while the maximum variation is shown 
by those from Lake St. Regis (Figs, i, 3, 5). Those from Fabyan's, 
Pictou, Sherborn and the Catskills incline towards the typical clepsydra 
in this detail, the one from Newfoundland to the typical erernita. 

The number of denticulations on the carina of the superior appendages 
varies from 4-9 (Hermit Lake), 4-8 (Fabyan's), 4-7 (Lake St. Regis), 
5-7 (Catskills), 8 (Newfoundland), and is not always the same on the right 
and left appendages of the same individuals. In the two males from 
Sherborn the denticulations are so slight as to suggest that transitional 
forms may hereafter be found connecting this species with ^L. verticalis 
Hag., which itself is but a variety of the circumpolar jnncea L. (See 
Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xx, p. 248.) 

The following measurements show the variations in size in millimeters: 
Abdomen (including appendages), 54-57.5 (Hermit Lake), 51-57.5 (Lake 
St. Regis), 52-53.5 (Fabyan's), 52 (Pictou), 52-56 (Sherborn), 54 (Cats- 
kills), 57.5 (Newfoundland). Hind wing: 43-47 (Hermit Lake), 44-45 
(Lake St. Regis), 43-44.5 (Fabyan's), 42 (Pictou), 45-50 (Sherborn), 47 
{Catskills), 49.5 (Newfoundland). Number of antecubitals on front 
wings: 16-21 (Hermit Lake), 19-23 (Lake St. Regis), 18-20 (Fabyan's), 
16 (Pictou), 16-22 (Sherborn), 17-19 (Catskills), 17-18 (Newfoundland); of 
postcubitals on the front wings: 12-18 (Hermit. Lake), 13-14 (Lake St. 
Regis), 11-13 (Fabyan's), 10-11 (Pictou), 10-14 (Sherborn), 12-13 (Cats- 
kills), 14 (Newfoundland). 

On the front wings, the antecubitals which are thicker than their fellows 
are: 

ist and 5th 3 Lake St. Regis, i Sherborn, 2 Catskills. 
ist " 6th 2 Hermit Lake, i Lake St. Regis, i Fabyan's. 
ist " 5th on one side, ist and 6th on other 2 Pictou, i Fabyan's. 
" (-!, f T 3 Hermit Lake, i Sherborn, 3 Lake St. Regis. 



\ i Newfoundland. 
ist 5th on one side, ist and 7th on other i Hermit Lake. 
x Z-..K ii ii i< I 2 Hermit Lake. 

Ibl DLI1 - s . , ~ . i-, 

i i Lake St. Regis. 
ist " 7th " " ist and 8th " -4 Hermit Lake. 

On the hind wings, the antecubitals, which are thicker than their fellows, 
are: 

ist and 6th 2 Hermit Lake, i Sherborn. 

ist " 6th on one side, ist and 5th on other i Lake St. Regis. 

ist " 7th ii Hermit Lake, 4 Lake St. Regis, i Fabyan's, i Sher- 

born, i Catskills, i Pictou, i Newfoundland. 
ist " 7th on one side, ist and 6th on other 5 Hermit Lake, i Cats- 

kills, i Pictou. 

ist " 7th on one side, ist and 8th on other - [ T f re 1 rni e f M l , kl '' 

\ 2 Lake St. Regis. 

ist " 7th on one side, ist and 9th on other i Lake St. Regis. 

ist " 8th 2 Hermit Lake. 

ist " 8th on one side, ist and 6th on other i Fabyan's. 



1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 13 

The number of cells in the discoiclal triangle of the front wings varies 
even in individuals from the same locality, but no tabulation has been 
made. 

The preceding data on variation have been included in order 
that they may serve as cautions against regarding the conditions 
to which those data refer as specific. 

Bibliography and Synonymy. 

JEschua clepsydra Say, Jour. Ac. N. S. Phila. viii, p. 12, 1839. Hagen, Syn. 
Neur. N. A., p. 122, 1861; Proc. Soc. N. H., xviii, p. 35, 1875. Cal- 
vert, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.. xx, p. 248, 1893. 

. crenata Hagen, Stet. Ent. Zeit. xvii, p. 369, 1856. Selys, Ann. Soc. 
Ent. Belg. xv, p. 35, 1872; xxxi, p. 60, 1887. Bergroth, Ent. Nach. 
vii, p. 86, iSSi. 
. eremita Scudder, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. x, p. 213, 1866. Hagen r 

/. c. xv, p. 376, 1873. 

. erctnif\_ic~\a Hagen, Proc. B. S. N. H. xviii, p. 34, 1875. 
. i/tti.rii/ia Heikel, Not. Faun. Flor. Fenn. vi, p. 117, 1861. 
The known distribution of this species is Labrador to Massa- 
chusetts, 'New York, Maryland, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Da- 
kota, Saskatchewan, Irkutsk and Wilui River (Siberia), Finland. 

o 

Regarding the Identity of Oxyporus rufipennis and stygicus. 

BY L. B. WALTON. 

LeConte, in his paper on certain genera of Staphylinidae Oxy- 
telini, etc. (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. vi, October, 1877), says in 
reference to Oxyporus rufipennis Lee. : "This is perhaps only 
a color variation of the entirely black O. stygicus Say, but as yet 
I have seen no intermediate specimens. There is no difference 
in form or structure. ' ' 

A year ago last Summer, while doing some collecting at Bear 
Lake, Pa., I took a large number of both stygicus and rufipennis, 
and also what appeared to be an intermediate form having the 
elytra black with two yellow vittce plainly evident on each ely- 
tron. The occurrence of this form, together with the fact that 
all were taken on the same piece of fungus, would seem to bear 
out LeConte's supposition as to rufipennis being merely a variety 
of stygicus. Having sent some specimens to Dr. Horn, he says: 
"While I believe the two are one species, something more than 
an opinion is 'required to corroborate it," referring to the fact 
that it would be necessary to take them in coitn to bring in the 
conclusive proof. 



14 [January, 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Published monthly (except July and August), in charge of the joint 
publication committees of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, and the American Entomological 
Society. It will contain not less than 300 pages per annum. It will main- 
tain no free list whatever, but will leave no measure untried to make it a 
necessity to every student of insect life, so that its very moderate annual 
subscription may be considered well spent. 

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION $1.00, IN ADVANCE. 

ggp All remittances should be addressed to E. T. Cresson, Treasurer, 
P. O. Box 248, Philadelphia, Pa.; all other communications to the Editors 
of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 



PHILADELPHIA, PA., JANUARY, 1894. 

THERE are a number of entomologists among us who are expert col- 
lectors, and who have in the course of their collecting trips gleaned many 
interesting and important facts relating to insect life and habits. They 
are usually well and favorably known among their brethren, who may be 
able, from time to time, to get some benefit from association with them, 
but usually this is as far as it goes. The general entomological public 
reaps no advantage from their lives, and the literature is not enriched 
thereby. There are many such men, and they live and die, and their 
knowledge and information unfortunately passes away with them. This 
should not be. While the man may enjoy his hobby, and get much benefit 
from it for himself, there is no reason why he should not make an effort 
to benefit others also, and the study in general by publishing his notes 
from time to time. Perhaps he is diffident and does not care to run the 
risk of publication, fearing it may not be new on account of his insuffi- 
cient knowledge of the literature. His publisher will probably know 
about this, and he can let him shoulder it. We know of one instance 
where a long life was devoted to entomology without any benefit to others, 
but in this instance the individual was postponing publication from day 
to day and year in and year out until he died. We can only say that we 
think it incumbent on all to publish their observations. 



Saprinus sitlcatu/iis Schmidt. Ent. " Nachrichten," 1890, p. 51. Fora 
specimen of this I am indebted to Mr. Geo. Lewis, and find it not in any 
way differing from scissus Lee. G. H. HORN. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 15 

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, 



Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J, 



The Grain Moth at the Fair. Early in the season, while yet matters were 
in an extremely unfinished condition at Chicago, I wandered through the 
" Palace of Agriculture," admiring the enormous quantities of corn dis- 
played in every possible fashion; used as ornaments, and for decorations 
of every descriptions. Wheat, in any quantity, was also represented, and 
ingenious use was made of it to enhance the beauty and characteristic 
features of this building. At that time I noticed only a very slight amount 
of grain and corn that appeared infested by the grain moth; here and 
there, in an ear of corn, there was a kernel with the little hole character- 
istic of the injury done by this insect. In August, first early in the month, 
and again some time about the middle, I again wandered through the 
building, observing matters here and there, and I was now struck by the 
fact that there was not an exhibit in which even the majority of ears of 
corn did not show signs of the work of this insect. Even in the exhibit 
made by the Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations, almost every 
ear showed sume infection, and not only corn grown in one part of the 
country, but wherever Indian corn was exhibited were signs of this insect 
apparent. 

In October, Prof. Voorhees, of the New Jersey Station, made another 
visit to the Fair, and also made rather a close examination of the grains 
and corns that were exhibited. He informs me that everything was 
ruined by the insect; that in the New Jersey exhibit, which, of course, he 
examined more particularly; every jar of grain was simply a nest of moths 
and larvae, and that, everywhere the same appearance prevailed; that in 
fact, the whole building had become one vast breeding ground for these 
insects. Orders were therefore given, that all the grain that had been 
gathered with so much trouble, the finest specimens of eacli variety, the 
great ears of Indian corn, everything in fact should be destroyed to pre- 
vent the introduction of the insect into localities in which perhaps it li.id 
not yet appeared naturally. Some interesting questions come up now- 
what will be the effect of the liberation of the vast number of insects 
which matured in this immense building? \Yhatwill become of them.- 1 
Will they be able to live through the Winter, or will they meet destruc- 
tion by the elements? Have they not already spread from that building 
into the surrounding territory, or will they not seek shelter when they 
are disturbed by the clearing out of the building, find their way into the 
country around about, into barns am! into graineries, ami will they not 
cause considerable damage? The questions may not be of very much 
importance; but it is rather an intc-resting matter, because other insert-,, 
not so noticeable perhaps as this grain moth, m.iy have been quietly 
breeding in some of the exhibits gathered at Chicago during the present 
season, and we may hear of them again at no distant date, in a manner 



1 6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

which may raise the question in the minds of some whether this Fair was 
anything but an unmitigated nuisance. On the enormous number of 
plants that were brought together from all parts of the country, and indeed 
from other climes and from other countries with similar climate to our 
own, can we be sure that no insects were introduced on them? We can 
question this at present; but time alone can answer the questions asked. 

Handbook of the Destructive Insects of Victoria. Part II. This little 
work by Mr. C. French, the government entomologist, is at hand. It 
contains rather more than 200 pages of text prepared with great care, and 
colored plates numbered from 15 to 36, illustrating all of the species 
treated in the book, and most of them in all stages; structural details 
being also given in some instances. The plates are generally good, so 
far as appearance is concerned, and undoubtedly add very largely to the 
value of the book for the agriculturist. The figures very frequently lack 
in detail, and are of inferior value to the the scientific student; but they 
are fully sufficient from the standpoint of the farmer, for whom, after all, 
they were prepared. It is to be regretted, perhaps, that we cannot in our 
own country illustrate our publications somewhat more in this same style; 
but, really, good colored plates are with us so frightfully expensive as to 
be quite beyond the reach of our Experiment Stations, and to be possible 
only to the National Government; even here it is necessary to limit the 
number because of the cost. There is an appendix to the book treating 
of spraying devices, and there are a considerable number of plates in 
black and white, illustrating this appendix, and showing machinery, 
pumps and nozzles of all kinds good, bad and indifferent. It is a matter 
of some interest that twelve of the colored plates illustrate insects that 
are also injurious in our own country, including among them such pests 
as the plum cucurlio, the cabbage louse and others of like ilk; only a very 
few of the species being really characteristic of the country in which they 
are troublesome. This illustrates one of the points which is worth while 
considering in our speculations concerning remedies, and that is that a 
certain number of species seem, in the provision of nature, to occur in a 
certain abundance each year, and the natural checks, such as they are, 
are intended to leave a very wide margin for the increase of the species. 
In cases of this kind we must entirely ignore the so-called natural checks, 
and must act as if none such were in existence. 



INSECT'S DEADLY STING (appearance of a winged spider in Kentucky). 
Newport, Ky. , August 3. A deadly insect has appeared about the 
electric -lights. People stung by the insect suffer intensely. A sudden 
swelling and a peculiar somnolent condition follow the bite. Michael 
Ryan was stung Saturday and died last night. |udge Helm, of the Cir- 
cuit Court, is laid up with his neck swollen to twice its normal size. Harry 
Clark, another victim, is in a precarious condition. Local entomologists 
describe the bug as a sort of winged spicier. Newspaper. 



1894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL XK\VS. 17 

Notes and 



ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS 
OF THE GLOBE. 

[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL Ni-;\vs solicit, and will thankfully receive items 
of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given 
in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] 



To Contributors. All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our 
earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- 
ence, as to make it necessary to put "copy" into the hands of the printer, for each number, 
three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- 
portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five " extras" without change in form will be 
given (ree when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the 
number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. ED. 



LAST winter, while collecting at Lake Worth, Florida, in the beginning 
of March, I captured a 9 specimen of Eiinica tatila H. S. I do not see 
this species mentioned in any North American lists. It is a much larger 
insect than E. inoniina Cram., and very beautiful. Eunica tatila is a 
common insect in Cuba and also in Mexico. W. SCHAUS. 

IN a foot-note at the bottom of page 220 of my recent Bulletin on 
Pcecilocapsits lineatns, I question the date on which Mr. Webster ob- 
tained adults for use in his experiment at Lafayette, Ind. Mr. Webster 
has called my attention to the fact that, in the case of Aferomyza ameri- 
cana, the second brood of adults emerged earlier at Lafayette, Ind., than 
Dr. Fitch had found them in New York. This indicates that difference 
of about two degrees in latitude between Lafayette, Ind., and Ithaca, 
N. Y., makes a difference of two or three weeks in the emergence of in- 
sect life; and the seemingly very early appearance of the adults of the 
Four-lined Leaf-bug, at the former place, may thus be accounted for. I 
am glad of the opportunity to make the correction. M. V. SLINGERLAND, 
Cornell Experiment Station. 

NOTES ON THE CUCUJID.E, OBSERVED IN SAN DlEGO COUNTY, C.\L. 

Silvanus surinamensis (Linn.) abundant in cereals; Silvanus bidentatus 
(Fabr. ) not very common, occurs with the preceding species ; Silrtmns 
iniheUis (Lee.) one specimen; Silvanus advena (Waltl.) common in gran- 
aries and in refuse about stables; A 'an sibiti s den tatu s (Marsh. ) occasion- 
ally taken in commercial storehouses; Licmophlocns Ingntltitus (Say.) 
sometimes met with in immense numbers under decaying and fungus- 
covered bark of dead sycamores (/'/it/units raceinosns}; I.ifinoplilocus 
ccf>halotes (Lee.) rare, occurs under the bark of the sycamore, blue gum 
{Eucalyptus globnlus}, pepper tree (Scliinnx niolle], live oak i (inert ns 
ax~rif>olia); Brontes d. var. trnncatiis (Mots.) common, under thr bark of 
the live oak. F. E. BLAISDELL, M.D. 



iS ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

NOTE ON CYCHRUS ELEVAIUS. The following instance of gregarious- 
ness in Carabidse may be of interest : A few years ago, while collecting 
on the south shore of Long Island, I found, on the bank of a fresh-water 
pond, twenty-two specimens of Cychrus elevatus, all within an area not 
larger than the palm of my hand. They were crowded together in a 
small hollow under a board, and were very sluggish, so that I had no 
difficulty in taking them all. The males were about twice as numerous as 
the females. I have never before or since found more than two speci- 
mens together. All the Long Island specimens of elcvaius which I have 
seen are slightly different from the ordinary type, being smaller and more 
slightly built, with shorter legs. The color is a brighter purple and not so 
metallic, or cupreous, as the average. W. C. WOOD, New York. 

SURGEON-GENERAL SIR WILLIAM MOORE (Medical Mag., July, 1893) 
regards the dissemination of disease by flies as a matter looked upon with 
too much indifference, and instances an epidemic of anthrax which was 
spread by flies which had covered a carcass of a dog thrown into a ditch 
in Cortal. He quotes the experiments of Lawtschenks with flies and 
cholera germs, and observes that it is worth noticing, in that in India it is 
during the time and season of the greatest prevalence of cholera that flies 
most abound. The possibility of flies carrying the organisms of typhoid 
fever and phthisis is suggested, and the belief is expressed that leprosy is 
often conveyed by flies which appear to be particularly fond of leprous 
sores, and of investigating in the way of a sore on a healthy person. 
There is no doubt that ophthalmia is so spread, and an instance is given 
of complete destruction of an eye from diphtherial inflammation following 
the sting (bite) in the eye by a fly which had apparently arisen from a 
dung-hill. 

THE SAY MEMORIAL CHAPTER of the Agassiz Association is an organ- 
ization composed of those interested in Entomology, living in various 
parts of the United States, and conducting their proceedings by corres- 
pondence. Its object is "to promote the study of entomology in all its 
bearings, and to cultivate social and friendly relations between those in 
any way interested in the science. Each member of the Chapter shall be 
required to write a bi-monthly letter or report of any special course of 
study he is pursuing, or in narrative form, recount observations of habits 
of insects, collecting notes, etc. These letters must contain not less than 
two hundred words, and will be written on paper furnished by the Sec- 
retary-Treasurer, to whom they must be forwarded. This officer will 
keep a record of these letters, and start them on their course around the 
Chapter, each recipient of a letter forwarding it according to a geographi- 
cally arranged register." Members are proposed by the Secretary-Treas- 
urer, two-thirds vote being necessary for election. The officer just named 
is the only one recogm/ed by the chapter; his duties are indicated by the 
preceding statement and by his title; he makes a semi-annual report to 
the President of the Agassiz Association. The entrance fee to the Chap- 
ter is one dollar, annual dues one dollar. The originator of the Chapter 



1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 19 

is Mr. William D. Richardson, of Fredericksburg, Va., and the present 
courteous and efficient Secretary -Treasurer is Mr. Roy Hopping, of Bloom- 
field, N. ]., who will gladly furnish further information. By extending the 
membership all over the United States, it is hoped to make the chapter 
an important factor in entomological study, and this attempt has the hearty 
sympathy of the NEWS. It is perhaps not too much to hope that this jour- 
nal may occasionally be favored with a "circulating" paper from the 
Chapter. 

EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE. (Chairman Hatch does not agree with 
the President). Washington, December n. There are at least two rec- 
ommendations in the President's Message which will not receive the uni- 
versal sanction of the Democrats in the House. These relate to the ex- 
tinction of the agricultural experiment stations in the various States and 
the abolition of the present system of distribution of seeds by the Depart- 
ment of Agriculture. Representative Hatch, the Chairman of the House 
Committee on Agriculture, is outspoken in his opposition, and says that 
since the message appeared not a single member has expressed to him a 
concurrence in the President's position, while scores have come to him 
and urged him to continue to incorporate in the Agricultural Appropria- 
tion bill the comparatively small sums necessary for the maintenance of 
these two features. "The experiment stations were established by an 
act of Congress approved March 2, 1887," says Mr. Hatch, "and have 
been exceedingly popular with the representatives of the agricultural 
interests of the country. Many of these stations have produced remark- 
able results. They were established by the almost unanimous vote of 
Congress, there being, as I remember, not even a division on the ques- 
tion. I remember that after the measure had passed both houses, I went 
to the W'hite House in company with a number of intelligent and highly 
reputable gentlemen from some of the agricultural colleges, and Mr. 
Cleveland, in my presence, spoke in the warmest terms of the measure. 
It was by his signature that it became a law. Since that time there has 
been no criticism of the work of these stations, and no controversies ex- 
cept as to the division of the funds in two or three States. No agricultu- 
ral association, organization or club," continued Mr. Hatch, "has ever 
spoken of these experimental stations except in commendation and ap- 
proval. They have been established about six years, and are now in a 
condition to render double the service and impart more valuable informa- 
tion to the States than at any time since they have been in existence. 
They have erected buildings, provided chemical apparatus, and the ap- 
propriations from this on will result even more largely than ever in the 
prosecution of experiments that will be- ol immense value in the diffusion 
of practical information." 

THE Rev. Dr. John G. Morris, of Baltimore, is probably the oldest en- 
tomologist in the United States. On November 141!], last, he celebrated 
his ninetieth birthday. Dr. Morris published the first catalogue of Ameri- 
can Lepidoptera. 



2O ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

MISTAKEN FOR A CRANK (a Yale professor's kindly treatment by the 
Indians who killed Custer). " One very peculiar characteristic of the In- 
dian," said Major Barbour, a former plainsman now metamorphosed into 
a clubman and raconteur, " is his reverence, amounting to ahsolue fear in 
many instances, of an insane person. They never harm one whom they 
believe to be mentally afflicted. I remember one striking instance which 
will illustrate. I was a member of the expedition headed by Gen. Cus- 
ter that made a tour through the Yellowstone Valley and that section of 
the country the year before the Custer massacre. It was put on foot in 
the interest of science, and we had a lot of fellows from the Smithsonian 
Institute and about a dozen Yale professors. It was a big party, com- 
prising two or three companies of cavalry, one of infantry and some artil- 
lery, so the Sioux, who at that time simply swarmed over that country, 
were afraid to tackle us ; but they hung around us all the time, and Gen. 
Custer gave orders, after two men who were hunting had been killed, 
that no one should leave camp without permission. Those Yale profes- 
sors just worried the life out of the soldiers. Every professor had a detail 
of five men who had to watch him. They would go around picking up 
bugs and chasing butterflies all over the prairie, and would break up rocks 
and pow-wow over them with magnifying glasses until the soldiers swore 
that every man of them was a howling idiot. One day the worst old fel- 
low in the crowd, who wore two pairs of glasses, one red and one green, 
managed in some way or other to get out of the sight of his detail and 
wandered two or three miles away. He ran plump into a gang of Sioux. 
He walked up to them and offered to shake hands. They grabbed him, 
and the first thing they did was to dive down into a big green baize bag 
he carried. They pulled out lizards and pieces of clay and bits of rock 
and bugs and the worst assortment of truck imaginable. Just about this 
time the old professor caught sight of a peculiar-looking bug. He caught 
it, pulled out his glass, and began to study it. That settled it. An Indian 
took him by the hand, led him to a hill close by, and, pointing to the army 
below, said ' Go.' He came back and said that the soldiers totally mis- 
understood the Indians. ' Why, I found them the most polite and court- 
eous of people,' said he to Gen. Custer. But an old chief afterwards told 
me that they wouldn't have him stay in that country for anything on 
earth."- Washington Post. 



Identification of Insects (Images) for Subscribers. 

Specimens will be named under the following conditions : ist, The number of species 
to be limited to twenty-five for each sending ; ad, The sender to pay all expenses of trans- 
portation and the insects to become the property of the American Entomological Society ; 
3d, Each specimen must have a number attached so that the identification may be an- 
nounced accordingly. Exotic species named only by special arrangement with the Editor, 
who should be consulted before specimens are sent. Send a 2 cent stamp with all insects 
for return of names. Before sending insects for identification, read page 41, Vol. III. 
Address all packages to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy Natural Sciences, Logan- 
Square, Philadelphia, Pa. 



1894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 21 

Entomological Literature. 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE. London, November, 
1893. On Trachyscelis with descriptions of three new species, G. C. 
Champion. Notes on the earlier stages of the Nepticulae, with a view to 
their better recognition (cont.), J. H. Wood. December, 1893. On t\vo 
halophilous Hemiptera, E. Bergroth, M.D. Observations on Coccidae 
(No. 7), R. Newstead, fig. 

SCIENCE. New York, Nov. 3, 1893. The systematic position of the 
Diptera, J. B. Smith. Nov. 10. The systematic position of Diptera, C. 
Y. Riley. Nov. 17. The sense-organs on the legs of our white ants, 
Termes flavipes Koll., Dr. A. C. Stokes, figs. Nov. 24. On the syste- 
matic position of the Diptera, S. W. Williston. 

CORNELL UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Bul- 
letin 58. Ithaca, N. Y., October, 1893. The four-lined leaf-bug (Pazcilo- 
capsus lineatus), M. V. Slingerland. Pp. 207-239. 13 figs. 

THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. London, No- 
vember, 1893. Two new Coccidas from New Mexico, T. D. A. Cocker- 
ell, figs. 

RECORDS OF THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM, II, 5. Sydney, September, 
1893. Description of a new flea (Stephanocircus dasyuri], from New 
South Wales; with notes of some other insect parasites known in Austra- 
lia, F. A. A. Skuse, i.pl. 

BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM No. 46. The 
Myriapoda of North America, by Charles Harvey Bollman. Edited by 
L. M. Underwood. Containing the collected writings on North American 
-Myriapoda, both published and unpublished, of the late C. H. Bollman. 
Washington,. 1893. 210 pp. 

THE BUTTERFLIES OF NORTH AMERICA, with colored drawings and 
descriptions, by W. H. Edwards. Third series, part xiv. Boston and 
New York. Houghton, Mifflin&Co., 1893. Contains Neominois riding. v/7, 
Chionobas osno, assiinilis, crauibis, inacoitiiii. 

COMPTE RENDU. SOCIETE PHILOMATHIQUE DE PARIS. Oct. 28, 1893. 
New note on an entomophagous insect \_Doria ineditabniiJa'], parasitic 
in the European silk-worm, E. L. Bouvier and G. Delacroix. 

ZOE. San Francisco. October 1893. The species of Amblychila, J. J. 
Rivers, 2 pis. A mesquite Tineicl which constructs a bag-like case from 
the leaves, C. H. T. Townsend. Lcncarctia rickscckcri. Dr. H. H. Behr. 

NATURE. London, Nov. 16, 1893. Further notes and observations 
upon the instincts of some common English spiders, R. I. 1'ocock. The 
stigmata of the Arachnida as a clue to their ancestry, H. M. Bernard, 
I fig. November 30. Protective habit in a spider [/:/V/;w], C. L. Morgan. 



22 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

LE NATURALISTE. Paris, Nov. 15, 1893. New remarks on the habits 
of Coleoptera destructive to forests, M. Decaux. 

THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. Philadelphia, November, 1893. Ani- 
mal intelligence, J. Weir. The androchonia of Lepidoptera, M. B. 
Thomas, i pi. Fleshy cecidomyid twig-gall on Atriplex canescens, C. 
H. T. Townsend. Trichodactylus xylocopce in California, H. Osborn. 

COMPTE RENDU. SOCIETE DE BIOLOGIE. Paris, Nov. 18, 1893. On 
the reproduction of the Sarcoptidae, Dr. E. Trouessarc. 

PSYCHE. Cambridge, December, 1893. The primitive number of 
Malpighian vessels in insects (concluded), vii, W. M. Wheeler, figs. De- 
scriptions of new species and genera of West African Lepidoptera, W. ]. 
Holland, figs. The Dolichopodid genus Liancalns Loevv, |. M. Aldrich. 
Two new forms of Diaspinse, T. D. A. Cockerel!. A note on the larva 

of Datana floridana Graef., H. G. Dyar. 

t 

INSECT LIFE, vi, i, Washington, D. C., November, 1893. An impor- 
tant predatory insect (Erastria scitula Ramb.), Eds., figs. Notes on 
Tasmanian Coccinellidae, E. H. Thompson. Experiments with the hop- 
louse in Oregon and Washington, A. Koebele. Report on outbreaks 
of the Western cricket and of certain locusts in Idaho, R. Milliken. The 
present status of the recent Australian importations, D. W. Coquillett 
and A. Koebele. On the injurious and other locusts of New Mexico and 
Arizona, C. H. T. Townsend. The usual extracts from correspondence 
and general notes. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD. London, Nov. 15, 1893. On the 
larva of Arctia caia, with special reference to its correlated variations in 
plumage, moulting and hybernation, Dr. T. A. Chapman. 

ZOOLOGISCHER Ais'ZEiGER, Leipsic, Nov. 27, 1893. On the bite of 
Pseudoscorpions, C. Berg. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST. London, Dec., 1893. The coloring of Chryso- 
phamis phlceas. as affected by temperature, F. Merrifield. Observations 
on Vanessa c-albftm, W. H. Bath. A catalogue of the Lepidoptera of 
Ireland (cont.), W. F. deVismes Kane. Three new Coccidae from the 
arid region of N. America, T. D. A. Cockerell. Notes on the synonomy 
of Noctuid moths, A. G. Butler, Ph.D. Vanessa atalanta in Florida, J. 
Arkle. 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 1893, part 
II, Aug. i, 1893. Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera Hetero- 
cera from Central and South America, H. Druce, 3 pis. Pt. iii, Oct. 2, 
1893. A monograph of the butterflies of the genus Thysonotis, II. II. 
Druce and G. T. Bethune-Baker, 3 pis. 

BULLETIN 44 OF THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. Catalogue of the 
Lepidopterous Superfamily Noctuidse, found in Boreal America. By 
John B. Smith, Sc. D. This great work of 424 pages marks an era in the 



1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 23 

study of American moths. From this time on it will be possible for anyone 
who has access to a fair entomological library, with the aid of this work 
to intelligently study our Noctuidae. The references to all the species are 
given, and also the original generic references, as well as the synonymy, 
etc., of all the species. The habitat, time of appearance, and location of 
the types are all given, as well as any other notes considered of impor- 
tance. A most valuable index is given, which adds very materially to the 
value of the work, inasmuch as every name used in the body of the work 
is referred to. This will be invaluable to many collectors and students 
who have their species under old or improper generic names, and who clo 
not know where to place them in our later lists. The advent of such a 
work is of vast importance, as it makes it possible for the general 'student 
to work in what was heretofore a special field only open to a few most 
painstaking workers who worked out the literature for themselves. Prof. 
Smith is to be congratulated on this work, and also to a greater extent 
the entomologists of America, who will be benefitted by it. 

WE have received Bulletin of the United States National Museum, No. 
45, devoted exclusively to Mr. William H. Ashmead's monograph of the 
North American Proctrotrypidas, the receipt of which we take pleasure 
in acknowledging. The work is quite voluminous, there being 454 pages 
of text and 18 excellent plates executed by the author. Mr. Ashmead 
considers that the Proctotrypidas "have but little affinity to the Chalci- 
didze," and should be placed at the head of the Terebrantia, as he be- 
lieves them to be closely related to the Aculeata, and further asserts that 
after the removal of the group Myrmarina?, which he regards as a distinct 
family, they have no relation to the Chalcididse. The external structural 
characters are described at length, and plate I is entirely dtvoted to the 
illustration of them. The habits, dimorphism and parthenogenisis, life- 
history and distribution are dwelt on. He asserts that there is scarcely 
any doubt, but that many of the wingless species to be found in the various 
genera are only dimorphic forms of winged species, but as little positive 
is known on the subject, they must be described as distinct species, as 
any other course would be but guesswork, and, consequently, unscientific. 
Such forms must be bred from generation to generation before anything 
positive can be learned regarding them. The arrangement proposed by 
Halliday, in 1839, he discards as unnatural, as the scheme widely sepa- 
rates some closely-allied groups. The classification of Forster being re- 
garded by him as the most satisfactory, he has made it the basis of his 
own work. After reviewing the works of numerous authors his own clas- 
sification is announced, in winch he recognizes ten subfamilies, all of 
which were regarded as families by Forster. After tabulating the sub- 
families, and the genera likewise, the species are so treated. Manx new 
species are brought to light, as is well illustrated in the genus l\fcgas/>i/n$, 
in which the species are trebled, and still better in Po/\'gno(ns. in which 
genus the number of species is increased from three to thirty-three. 
The work is completed by a " tabula: view" of the bred North American 



24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

Proctotrypidse, which gives a list of their hosts, and a catalogue of the 
literature on the subject, and explanations of the abbreviations used. We 
cannot consider this work otherwise than a most valuable contribution to 
the literature of the micro-Hymenoptera, and while we are not versed 
sufficiently with the parasitic Hymenoptera to offer any criticisms on the 
work, we feel sure that very few, if any, unfavorable comments can be 
made thereon, and beg to congratulate the author for the masterly way 
he has handled the subject. \Y. J. F. 



NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN INSECTS DESCRIBE!) 
IN THE PRECEDING LITERATURE. 



HEMIPTERA. 

Orthezia Anna Cockerell, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6) xii, p. 403, N. Mex. 
Bergrothia townsendi, p. 404, N. Mex. 

Aspidiotus uv<z Comst. var. coloratus Cockerell, Psyche vi, p. 571, N. 
Mex. Mytilaspis albus Ckll. var. concolor, p. 572, N. Mex. 

Fairmairia (Ceroplastodes} nivea Cockerell, Ent. xxvi, p. 350, Mex. 
Ceroplastes irregularis, p. 351; id. Pseudococcus helianthi, p. 352, N. 
Mex. 

MYRIAPODA. 

N. spp. Bollman, Bull. U. S. N. M. No. 46. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Leucarctia rickseckeri Behr., Zoe iv, p. 247, Calif. , 
Tagora corax Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1893, p. 299, Mex. 

DIPTERA. 

Cecidomyia atriplicis Tovvnsend, Am. Nat. xxvii, p. 1021, N. Mex. 
Liancalus hydrophilus Aldrich, Psyche vi, p. 569, S. Dak. L. siini/is, 
p. 571, Wash. 



Thie Entomological Section 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS. 



DECEMBER n, 1893. 

A regular stated meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences was held in the Hall, S. W. cor. Nineteenth and Race 
Streets, this evening, Dr. G. II. Horn, Director, presiding. Members 
present: E. T. Cresson, G. B. Cresson, Culvert, Liebeck, Johnson, Skinner, 
Ridings, Laurent and Welles. Associates: Fox, Nell, Haimbach, Drs. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 25 

Griffith and Castle. This being the business meeting of the year, the re- 
ports of the different officers were read and the following named gentle- 
men were elected to serve for the coming year: 

Director, G. H. HORN, M.D. 

Vice-Director, C. S. WELLES. 

Recorder, H. SKINNER, M.D. 

Treasurer, E. T. CRESSON. 

Conservator, H. SKINNER, M.D. 



... ,. ~ ... f T. H. RIDINGS, 
Publication Committee^ <. ^ ^ JOHNSON 



The following papers were, read and accepted by the Committee for 
publication in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS : 

A NEW HEPIALUS FROM CALIFORNIA. 

By HARRISON G. DYAR. 

Kepialus lembertii n. sp. Light fawn color, of the tint usual in this 
genus ; secondaries blackish, with a small, pale spot at apex. Below 
both wings blackish, the fringe pale. On the fore wings are a series of 
dusky whitish, subquadrate, intervenular spots, each neatly surrounded 
by a smoky black border. The spots are arranged in six irregular, eaten - 
ulate, transverse bands, as follows: (i) Two rather large spots at base 
of cell and vein i (ix) respectively; (2) two or three small ones below me- 
dian vein (cubitus); (3) a transverse, complete row before middle of wing 
of about five spots, nearly straight; (4) a row of small ones from end of 
cell to costa, becoming furcate before reaching costa; (5) a complete row 
of about eight spots in the transverse-posterior position, dislocated at 
vein 4 (v r 3); (6) a terminal row, leaving the margin for a short space near 
the terminations of veins 7 to 9 (iiis to iii3). Veins indicated in smoky 
black. Expanse 31-33 mm. 

Described from two examples captured in the high Sierras of 
California by Mr. John B. Lembert. 

Mr. Lembert writes that the moths were taken on September 
ist flying about dusk within a short distance of the ground. He 
took them in the highland meadow near the banks of the Lyell 
fork of the Tuolumne River. 

The species is different from any known to me either autopti- 
cally or by description. I am unacquainted with the Plepialus 
californicus of Boisduval; but his short description cannot be 
made to apply to this form. Boisduval says of calif ornicus : 
" Elle a le port et la taille de la carmis des Alps. Ses ailes su- 
perieures d'un grisatre obscure offrent a un certain jour, vers 
1'extremite, des raies blanchatres parallales renfermant des petites 
taches arronclies d'une couleur plus obscure. Les ailes intcri- 
eures sout d'un i>ris noiratre. ' 



26 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

AFRICAN HESPERIIDyE. 

By W. J. HOLLAND, Ph.D., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Subfamily HESPERIIN^E. 
SARANGESA Moore. 

1. S. exprompta sp. nov. <$. Allied to S. pcrpaitpera Holl., and also to 
.5". me/ania Mab., according to the tenor of the description of the latter spe- 
cies. The antenna? and the entire upperside of the body are blackish 
brown; the lowerside of the body is paler brown. The primaries dark 
gray, clouded below the apex by a broad irregular transverse black shade, 
which is continued parallel to the outer margin to the outer angle. There 
is also a black shade at the apex, and a small black circular spot below 
the cell near the origin of the first median nervule. There are eight vitre- 
ous spots upon the wing, disposed as follows: Three minute spots form- 
ing a srtort subapical band just below the costa, one-third of the distance 
from the apex; a small circular spot on the costa above the end of the 
cell; an elongated spot closing the cell, with its inner margin straight and 
its outer margin excavated; three spots on the median intervals forming a 
short series parallel to the outer margin. Of these three last-mentioned 
spots, the one in the middle is the largest, and is subtriangular ; the lower one 
is quite minute, andthe upper one subquadrate. The oblong spot at the end 
of the cell is shaded posteriorly by a blackish shade. The fringes are 
concolorous, slightly checkered with paler fuscous on the intervals, and 
distinctly marked with whitish at the apex and just above the outer angle. 
The secondaries are of the same color as the primaries, clouded along 
the outer margin with blackish, and traversed about the middle and just 
beyond it by two interrupted parallel series of blackish circular spots. 
The fringes are concolorous, slightly checkered with paler fuscous on their 
edges at the interspaces. Upon the underside the ground color is a trifle 
paler than upon the upperside. All the spots and markings of the upper 
surface are reproduced upon this side. Expanse 26 mm. 

Hab.- -Accra, West Africa. 

This insect belongs to the subgeneric group, for which Mons. 
P. Mabille has proposed the name Eretis. The structural differ- 
ences are scarcely sufficient to warrant a separation from the 
genus Sarangesa Moore, to which a large number of African spe- 
cies must be assigned. 

2. S. subalbicla sp. nov. <j\ The antenna; are black. The upperside 
of the body is black; the lowerside of the palpi and the pectus are ochra- 
ceous; the legs whitish, as also the lowerside of the thorax and abdo- 
men. The upperside of both wings are gray, the primaries clouded with 
blackish at the outer angle, and the secondaries heavily clouded in like 
manner at the outer angle. There are seven very minute, whitish vitre- 
ous spots upon the primaries. Four of these spots form a subqnadrate 



ENT. NEWS, Vol. V. 



PI. I. 




See page 26. 



AFRICAN HESPERIID/E Holland (Ki-duc-e.l oiu-lif(li). 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 27 

group before the apex near the costal margin, the other three are dis- 
posed as a limbal series on the median interspaces beyond the middle of 
the wing. They are all surrounded narrowly by darker cloudings, deep 
brown or blackish. Upon the underside the primaries are as on the upper- 
side, but paler, with the inner margin laved with whitish ; the secondaries 
are bluish white, with the base covered witli bluish gray scales. The 
outer angle is heavily marked with black, and there is a small circular 
black spot near the costa beyond the middle of the wing. Expanse 32 mm. 

Hab. Kangwe, Valley of the Ogove. 

CELffiNORHINUS Hub. 

3. C. macrostictus sp. nov.J .Closely allied toC clminci Ploetz (=C. 
proximo Mab.j, from which it differs in no respect, except that the en- 
tire middle area of the wing is occupied by a large white spot, which 
replaces the four or five spots which compose a median band of markings 
in the species described by Ploetz, and that the fringes of the secondaries 
are not white, checkered with black, as in C. elini/ia, but are uniformly 
brown, like the body of the wing. Expanse 41 mm. 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

JEGRIS Guen. 

4. E. fllSCOSa sp. nov. ?. Antennas black; head and upperside of the 
palpi brown, lower side of palpi white; upperside of thorax and abdomen 
fuscous-brown, lowerside of thorax grayish; lowerside of abdomen pure 
white; legs grayish. The primaries on the upperside are fulvescent brown, 
with the outer borders marked with blackish. There is a double black 
spot beyond the base near the inner margin. The wing is traversed by a 
median band of seven elongated translucent spots: one near the costa: 
two below it, at the end of the cell (the lower one of which is the largest): 
a small one between the second and third median nervules; a larger one, 
subtriangular in form, between the first and second median nervules; two 
smaller ones between the first median nervule and the submedian nerve. 
All of these spots are margined externally with blackish. There is a sub- 
apical series of six small spots arranged in a curved line, the second from 
the the top being advanced sharply beyond the others. The secondaries 
have the same ground-color as the primaries, and have a large black spot 
at the end of the cell, followed by a regularly curved series of eight black 
spots, two of them on the costa; the fourth and fifth, reckoning from the 
costa, tending to coalesce. The outer angle is broadly marked with 
blackish. The primaries on the upperside are pale fuscous, the transhn enl 
spots of the upperside reappearing. The secondaries are pure white, with 
tlie base laved with bluish; the costa and outer angle broadly marked 
with dark brown. The fringes are brown; a brownish shade runs in- 
wardly near the first median nervule. There are two small black spots at 
the end of the cell, and a subcostal curved series of live black spots, tin- 



28 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

second of which, reckoning from the base, is the largest; and the fourth 
and fifth tend to coalesce. Expanse 40 mm. 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

This species seems to be closely allied to E.phyllophila Trim., 
from which it differs, however, in the form of the spots upon the 
primaries, and in the absence of the submarginal spots upon the 
lowerside of the secondaries in the region of the median nervules. 

ACLEROS Mab. 

5. A. substrigata sp. nov. <^\ The antennae, the upperside of the palpi, 
the head, the thorax and the abdomen, black; the tip of the abdomen and 
the lowerside of the palpi, the thorax and the abdomen, whitish; the legs 
are gray, margined with whitish. The upperside of both primaries and 
secondaries is black ; the fringes of the primaries on the upperside are 
black; the fringes of the secondaries are white, more broadly so at the 
anal angle. On the underside the primaries are fuscous, broadly marked 
with white upon the inner margin. There are two very small and obscure 
whitish spots at the end of the cell, one above each other, and faint traces 
of a curved limbal series of similar spots, in which the two uppermost 
members of the series are the most conspicuous, and in some specimens 
are well defined. The secondaries are gray, slightly darker on the costa 
and traversed by subbasal, median, and submarginal series of spots, 
lighter than the ground-color of the wings, and margined externally by 
fine dark lines. 

9 . The female is like the male, save that the primaries are marked 
by two diffuse white spots, one above the submedian nerve about its mid 
die, and another just above it, between the first and second median ner- 
vules at their origin. Expanse tf and 9 2 5 2 mm - 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

On the upperside this insect looks like A. mackenii Trim., 
but is smaller. A glance at the underside, which is totally unlike 
that of any other species in the genus, reveals at once its specific 
distinctness. 

GASTROCHffiTA Mab. 

6. G. mabillei sp. nov. <j\- Antennae black; upperside of the head, 
thorax and abdomen, dark brown; lowerside of the palpi whitish; lower 
side of thorax brown; lower side of abdomen yellowish, the yellow color 
produced upwardly on the sides along the outer margin of the segment. 
Primaries on the upperside black. There are two small white translucent 
spots, one above the other, at the end of the cell; there are three minute 
spots, forming a curved subapical series; there are three subquadrate 
spots, forming a transverse median series, the middle spot being the 
largest, and located just below the two small spots at the end of the cell, 
the lower spot is semi-opaque. The secondaries have a large circular 



IS94-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 29 

translucent spot at the end of the cell, and beyond it t\vo narrow elon- 
gated white spots separated by the second median nervule. On the un- 
derside the primaries are marked as on the upperside, but the ground 
color is obscure fuscous, shading into blackish on the cell. The secon- 
daries are yellowish, with the outer margin broadly brown. There is a 
translucent spot at the end of the cell, very narrowly edged with brown; 
there are two blackish rays running from this spot to the base. The costa 
is narrowly marked with brown, and there is a curved series of four small 
brown spots, two below the c osta, the third opposite the end of the cell, 
geminate; and the fourth, just below the two translucent linear spots, 
which reappear upon the lowerside, and are especially noticeable when 
the wing is held up to the light. 

Q. The female does not materially differ from the male, except in 
having a stouter body. Expanse cf and 9 35 mm - 

Hal). Valley of the Ogove. 

I name this well-marked and distinct species in honor of Mons. 
P. Mabille, of Paris, the veteran hesperidologist, to whom I sub- 
mitted the species, and who declared it to be unknown to him. 

GANGARA Moore. 

V 

7. G. ( ? ) basistriga sp. nov. $. Antennas dark brown, narrowly mar- 
gined with yellow on the underside of the culmen, and broadly marked 
with yellow on the underside of the club. The upperside of the palpi 
and the entire body are dark brown; the lowerside of the palpi is yellow- 
ish; legs brown. The primaries on the upperside are dark brown. There 
is a long subquadrate spot filling the outer half of the cell; a subapical 
series of three yellow spots, of which the outermost one is the largest. 
There are three yellow spots forming a transverse limbal series, of which 
the one located between the first and second median nervules is very 
large, and is separated from the large spot in the cell by the median 
nervule ; the other two spots are subtriangular, one located between the 
second and third median nervules, and the other being located upon the 
submedian nerve, a little beyond its middle. The fringe is dark brown, 
except at the outer angle, where it is yellowish. The secondaries are 
dark brown, with the base and inner margin covered with olivaceous 
hairs. There is a yellowish ray at the end of the cell, followed by a 
transverse median series of three yellow opaque markings, which cross 
the wing at right angles to the inner margin; the two innermost spots, 
which are located between the median nervules, are circular; the outer- 
most, which is elongated and linear, is situated between the third median 
and the first subcostal. The fringes are narrowly yellowish, shaded with 
brown at the ends of the nervules, except near the anal angle, when- t In- 
fringe is uniformly bright yellow. On the underside the primaries are 
dark maroon, marked with pale cinereous near the apex, and laved with 
pale yellowish along the inner margin. The spots of the upper surface 
reappear on the lowerside, and, in addition, tht-iv is a small geminate 



30 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 

costal spot about the middle of the costa. There is a narrow ray of 
cinereous on the costa at the base; the cinereous apical tract is marked by 
a band of darker submarginal cloudings, and the margin at the apex is ac- 
centuated by a series of dark brown spots, shading about the middle into 
the dark ground-color of the wing. The third spot of the median series, 
which is very conspicuous on the upperside, scarcely appears on the low- 
erside, but is lost in the prevalent yellow shade of the inner margin. The 
secondaries are dark brown, laved with purplish-ashen arranged in trans- 
verse bands. At the base, running diagonally from the costa to the sub- 
median nerve, there is a narrow, pale cinereous streak; the outer margin 
is dark brown. The fringe at the anal angle is bright yellow. Expanse 
68 mm. 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

This fine species, which is one of the largest of the African Hes- 
periidae, is represented in my collection by a single female. It 
strongly suggests, in some respects, the well-known Gangara 
thy > sis of India; but I suspect that an accurate examination of 
the neuration, which I am reluctant at present to make, will 
reveal that it is generically distinct. 

PARNARA. 

8. P. unistriga sp. nov. rj. The antennas are black, paler on the lower- 
side, witli the lowerside of the club bright yellow; the upperside of the 
palpi, the head, and the body is dark brown; the lowerside of the palpi 
is whitish, of the thorax gray, and of the abdomen pure white. The legs 
are gray, like the thorax. The primaries on the upperside are blackish 
brown, with greenish hairs at the base. There are two narrow, elongated 
spots at the end of the cell, one above the other. There are two minute 
subapical dots and a transverse median series of four spots, of which the 
uppermost is very minute; the next larger subquadrate; the third the 
largest of all, trapezodial; and the fourth, which is located on the subme- 
dian vein near its middle, is lunate. The fringes are slightly paler than 
the body of the wing. The secondaries, upon the upperside, are of the 
same color as the primaries, with the fringes at the anal angle, and the 
inner margin quite pale. They are traversed by a transverse median 
band of four or five white opaque spots, which gradually widen from the 
first subcostal to the first median nervule, where the series terminates. 
On the underside the primaries are fuscous, slightly darker in the region 
of the cell. The spots of the upperside reappear on this side, and are 
much larger, though less dstinctly defined. The secondaries are fuscous, 
slightly tinged with rufous, and externally bordered with a darker shade; 
there is a circular whitish spot at the end of the cell. The transverse me. 
dian series of spots reappears upon the lowerside, but more distinctly 
defined, and a narrow whitish ray runs from the innermost of these spots 
to the outer margin. The female is unknown to me. Expanse 30 mm. 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove". 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 31 

In the plate h'gs. 13 and 14 show white spots near the costa of 
the primaries, beyond the base, and in fig. 13 there are white 
spots near the costa at the base of the secondaries: these are 
pin-holes in the wings of the specimen, and must not be taken 
into account when studying the figure. I did not have an oppor- 
tunity to retouch the plate and stop them out. 

9. P. melphis sp. nov. $ Antennae black, paler beneath. The palpi 
are brown, edged below with the yellowish. The thorax and abdomen 
are dark brown, sparingly clothed with greenish hairs. The upperside of 
the primaries is black, clothed with greenish hairs at the base. There are 
two small subapical spots, and a transverse limbal series of five translu- 
cent spots, the first exceedingly minute; the second subquadrate; the 
third and tourth, which are also subquadrate, are the largest in the series, 
and are closer to each other than the other spots; the lowermost spot of 
the series, which rests upon the middle of the submedian vein, is small 
and nearly oval. The secondaries on the upperside are black, with a 
light vestiture of greenish hairs at the base and on the inner margin. The 
fringes are narrow and whitish. This wing is crossed about the middle, 
beyond the cell, by an irregularly curved band of translucent spots, ex- 
tending from the first subcostal to' the internal vein. Both wings, on the 
underside, are brownish ferruginous. The spots of the upperside reap- 
pear. The small oval spot, which forms the last member of the trans- 
verse limbal series of the upperside, is represented upon the lowerside by 
a large, brilliantly-white lunate spot, which is opaque, except on its inner 
margin, where it coincides with the oval mark of the upper surface. The 
median band of spots on the secondaries is reinforced by a small brilliantly- 
white opaque spot at its outer extremity above the first subcostal nervule, 
and the inner spot contiguous to the internal vein is larger than upon the 
upperside, brilliantly white and opaque, except where it coincides with 
the small translucent spot of the upperside of the wing. Expanse 35 mm. 

Hab- Valley bf the Ogove. 

This species in some respects resembles P. statira Mab., ac- 
cording to the published description; but Mons. Mabille, who 
has seen the type, declares it to be a species unknown to him 
and quite distinct from his P. statira. 

EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. 

Fig. i. Sarangesa perpaupera Roll., Ann. and Mag. N. H. (6), x, p. 288. 

2. Celcenorhinus macrostictus Holl., sp. nov. 

}. Saranifesa exprompta Holl., sp. nov. 

4. " motozioides Holl.. Ann. and Mag. N. H. (6), x, p. 288. 

5. (female). 

6. Eagris fuscosa Holl., sp. nov. 

7. Sarangesa siikalbida Holl., sp. nov. (underside). 

8. A'titrciis jolnistonii Bull., P. Z. S., 1887, p. 573. 

9. Eagris dekastigma Mab., C. K. Soc. Ent. Helg., 1891, p.-lxii. 
10. Acleros substrigata Holl., sp. nov. 

it. (underside). 

12. Gaitgara (?) basis/ri^u Holl., sp. nov. (underside). 

13. Part/am itnis/ri^a Holl., sp. nov. 

14. (underside). 

15. (tastroclucta uiahillci Holl., sp. nov. 

16. (underside). 

17. Carystns (/) thersaudcr Mal>., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6), x, p. 30. 

1 8. Parnara melphis Holl., sp. nov. 



32 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [January, 



OBITUARY. 

Mr. WILHELM JULICH died Nov. 8, 1893, in New York City, aged 54 
years, of cerebro-spinal meningitis. Mr. Jiilich's death was as unexpected 
by his own family as it was by his many friends, to whom the news of his 
sudden demise came as a great shock. He was a man of robust health, 
and while not feeling his best for some days, believed that his energy and 
will power would carry him through, as it had done before under more 
trying circumstances. On Tuesday, November jth, he declared his in- 
tention of going out to vote, and it was only the timely arrival of his 
physican that prevented him from doing so. Wednesday evening he be- 
came unconscious, and passed away peacefully about midnight. Mr. 
Jiilich was born at Rhine-Pfaltz, Germany, and came to this country at 
the age of fifteen, residing continuously from that time in New York City. 
He was appreciated for his good qualities by a large number of entomol- 
ogists who are not limited to New York, he being an honorary member 
both of the Brooklyn Institute and of the Newark Ento. Society, as well 
as of the New York Ento. Society. His labors in Entomology had been 
chiefly in Lepidoptera up to some fifteen years ago, at which time he 
began to devote his attention more exclusively to Coleoptera, of which 
he had a collection, beautifully mounted and arranged, of over 10,000 
specimens. He contributed a number of valuable and interesting articles 
on his favorite study to the various entomological journals, principally to 
'' Entomologica Americana." He was a member of the ist Regiment 
N. Y. Volunteers, and served two years in defence of his adopted country, 
was severely wounded at Chantilly, and lay several months in the hospital 
at Washington. On one occasion his entomological pursuits came near 
costing him his life. He was captured while trying to return inside the 
Union lines without -the countersign, and arrested as a spy. When he 
appeared before the court-martial, his story that he had been catching 
insects was not appreciated until he produced his bottles and displayed 
the " Kiifers," etc., they contained. His old commander, General Sigel, 
made a short and impressive address over his remains, in which he voiced 
the general regret that would be felt by the many friends who loved and 
honored him, and by whom his memory would be long cherished. He 
was buried November lotli in the Lutheran Cemetery, Brooklyn, L. I., 
with appropriate military honors. 

C. FREIHERR vox GUMPPENBERG, lepidopterist and postmaster at 
Bamberg, Germany. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for December, 1893, was mailed Dec. 7, 1893. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL. v. FEBRUARY, 1894. No. 2. 

CONTENTS: 



Wickham Habits of some Oceanic Economic Entomology 44 

Hemiptera 33 Notes and N#ws 47 

Wiley Butterflies of Miles City, Mont. 36 Entomological Literature 51 

Holland Small coll. of Butterflies, etc. 39 Entomological Section 57 

Wenzel Hispini found in New Jersey. 40 Holland West African Dysgoniidfe.... 57 

Horn Synonymical notes 41 Cockerell New scale insect on Agave. 59 

Editorial 42 Dyar Desc. of certain Geom. Larvae... 60- 



ON THE HABITS OF SOME OCEANIC HEMIPTERA. 

By H. F. WICKHAM, Iowa City, Iowa. 

The pelagic oceanic Hemiptera have possessed great interest 
for naturalists since their first description by Eschscholtz in 1822, 
The fact of their being found usually far from land and appearing 
only in pleasant weather has tended to cause a scarcity in collec- 
tions and comparatively few entomologists have had an oppor- 
' tunity to study them in life. The report of Dr. Buchanan White,. 
one of the "Challenger" series, formed a part of the library 
taken to the Bahamas by the recent University Expedition (of 
which the writer was a member) and awakened a desire to add 
something to the knowledge of these curious creatures. 

Though a careful watch was kept for them, not one was seen 
until June 22d, forty-seven days out of port; on that date, soon 
after noon, three or four specimens were seen skimming over the 
surface of the water after the fashion of our common Hygrotre- 
chus, but with extremely rapid movement, so that the note-book 
entry was made " any attempt to catch these insects with hand- 
nets from the deck of the schooner would be vain." On the 
24th they were seen again (in both cases off Key West), but no 
captures could be made. The sea was almost perfectly calm, not 
enough breeze stirring to fill the sails. 



34 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

On the second of July, while at anchor near the Sand Key 
Light, a few were seen near the vessel between three and four 
o'clock in the afternoon. By getting into a boat which was lying 
alongside, no difficulty was experienced in capturing two or three 
that came within reach of the net. The next day, while the ves- 
sel was under way with quite a pleasant breeze, they were seen 
again, before seven o'clock in the morning, skimming about the 
bows. Two or three were again taken by sitting in the chains 
under the bow-sprit and "jabbing" at them with a crab-net lined 
with bolting cloth, as often as one crossed our course. By eight 
o'clock they were less numerous. With the aid of the Report, 
previously mentioned, they were determined as Halobates wuller- 
storjfi Frauenf. , a name afterwards verified by Mr. O. Heidemann, 
of Washington. 

The following day more of them were seen in Lat. 24 24' N. , 
Lo-ng. 79 49' W. Immediately after dinner, when the water 
was still, except for a smooth swell, a specimen was caught in a 
crab-net and turned loose, without being touched by the fingers, 
into a tub of salt water on the deck. The insect at once com- 
menced to scud around on the surface with movements so rapid 
that the eye could not follow them, and any observations on the 
mode of locomotion were out of the question. In a few minutes 
partial exhaustion succeeded these violent exertions, and it was 
then seen that the long middle pair of feet did nearly all the work 
of progression, the anterior pair being carried folded up (nearly) 
and projecting forwards, a little to each side of the head. The 
antennae point forwards and outwards, forming a V. When the 
bug tires, the muscles at the insertion of the legs appear to weaken 
first, and the body is let down on to the water. It there rests in 
very much the position shown in Mr. Walker's figure in the 
" Entom. Monthly Magazine" for October, 1893, though my 
sketches, made on the spot, show sharper angles at all the knee 
joints. The same position is not always maintained, however, 
by different specimens. 

The movements of a tired specimen were as follows: in making 
a stroke the middle legs were brought forward until the tips were 
about on a line with the head. They were then rapidly brought 
back so as to nearly touch the tips of the hind pair, which were 
moved comparatively but little. The posterior feet seem to be 
used to steer with rather than as an aid in progression. The four 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 35 

legs work in unison, not alternately, i. e. the middle legs keep 
time with each other and with the hinder pair. The tips of the 
legs rest on the water, and are not immersed in it so that the little 
hollows near each, caused by the weight of the insect, can plainly 
be seen. With captive specimens sunlight acted as a stimulant, 
and evoked activity, which was lessened by shade. 

One Halobates was then placed in a tightly corked bottle, tilled, 
when immersed, so as to make certain that no air was enclosed, 
except the thin film which invested the insect. This was done at 
1.22 p. m., and at 1.30 was witnessed what was then supposed to 
be the final struggle with death ; after the expiration of four 
minutes this recommenced, and was continued at irregular inter- 
vals until 1.43, after which no more were seen until 1.48, at which 
time a tiny bubble of air made its way from the cork, and at 1.58 
another of these bubbles evoked a feeble struggle, the last. When 
finally removed to the alcohol bottle, not a movement could be 
detected, and the insect was undoubtedly drowned. This would 
appear to antagonize the theory that they stay beneath the sur- 
face in stormy weather. I also noticed, with several specimens, 
that they could (or would?) only dive after being wet so that 
"skimming" was impossible, but this does not agree with the 
observations of other naturalists, and I recognize its practical 
worthlessness as purely negative evidence. 

No more Halobates were seen during the trip, though on the 
1 5th of July some little water bugs, at first taken for the larvae 
of Halobates, were noticed at the extrance of the Spanish Wells 
harbor, skimming about on the surface of the water. Several 
pairs were observed in coitu and directed suspicion to the cor- 
rectness of the reference -so Mr. Heidemann looked up the 
matter and found them to be Rhagovelia collaris Burm., hitherto 
supposed to be a fresh water species exclusively. Fortunately, 
one couple was taken in the net, and did not separate on being 
placed in a tub for examination, so the following details were ob- 
served: The male rests rather tar back on the female, his head 
reaching to a point immediately above the insertion of her mid- 
dle legs. His anterior legs are then extended forward and bent 
at the "knee" nearly at right angles, so as to clasp the female 
thorax a little in front of the widest portion in such a way as to 
prevent his sliding off. All progression is then performed by the 
female, the male resting quietly on her back. His hold was very 



36 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

firm, as the female soon made frantic efforts to kick him off with 
her feet, and finally began to turn somersaults in (not on) the 
water in the attempt, presumably, to get rid of her mate, who, 
however, held on even after the pair was placed in alcohol. 

It was noticed, with the exception given above, that only those 
specimens wetted by handling would dive at all. Those that 
were unable to keep afloat by being thus thoroughly wet, soon 
die and sink quite to the bottom of the vessel in which they may 
be confined. Some only partially wetted were able to keep very 
close to the surface, but floated on their backs and were appar- 
ently unable to right themselves. 

The question of the disposition that these insects make of 
themselves during storms may be regarded as still unsettled, 
since it seems that wetting in many cases means death. Mr. 
Walker* thinks that they dive in rough weather, and only come 
up when it is absolutely calm, but the observations recorded above 
make this conclusion seem unlikely for some of the species at 
least -though his theory is by no means disproven, especially 
when attention is given to the apparent impossibility of the insect 
riding out a severe storm on the surface of the water without 
beine wetted. 



s 

o- 



BUTTERFLIES AT MILES CITY, MONTANA. 

By C. A. WILEY. 

A barren country surrounds Miles City, the centre of the great 
grazing territory of eastern Montana, a country of prairie and 
badlands with little verdure other than that on the immediate 
border of the rivers and in the creek bottoms. 

Here a lover of groves and forests must be content with a va- 
riety of trees that might easily be enumerated on his ten fingers, 
and but few of even these. 

Cottonwoods, broken and scrawny, are the only trees of large 
size near the city, but as one penetrates the country to the heads 
of the Yellowstone's many tributaries, he meets with ash, elm, 
box-elder and willows, all native varieties, and differing some- 
what from the same trees of the eastern States. 

In the badlands and in the hilly sections are pines and cedars 
also, but the majority of our country is a vast prairie, grass 

* Entom. Mo. Mag., second series, vol. iv, p. 231. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 37 

clothed, but bare of tree or shrub (the ever-present sage-brush 
excepted) and parched by the sun from July until Winter. 

What limited amount of shrubbery does occur is also confined 
to the water-courses. We have our native choke-cherry, wild- 
rose, plum, willow, snowberry, buffaloberry, greasewood and 
sagebrush, a meagre list indeed, when compared to the hundreds 
of shrubs and bushes abounding in most eastern localities. All 
vegetation without it. may be grasses and wild flowers occurs 
with us in but the most limited variety. We have no woods, no 
swamps, no hedges. What wonder then that the entomologist's 
hopes are saddened as he realizes that a corresponding dearth 
exists among his favored and busv tribes! 

I wonder who can recount the exact number of Papilios he has 
seen during three years past? It is my good (?) fortune to have 
seen just fourteen during that period. In the season of 1891 I 
saw but one, it was one of the Turnus group, probably rutulus 
or daunus, its rapid flight, however, baffled detection. In May 
of this year while returning from our ranch, on horseback, a dis- 
tance of about one hundred miles, I saw another of this same 
group, but was unable to capture it. During this trip, also, I 
counted nine zolicaon, only one of which was not in rapid flight 
across country; this one, a female, was depositing her eggs on 
our native wild parsnips, and I caught her easily, and obtained 
some twenty eggs, which I reared on cultivated parsnips in my 
garden. The only other Papilio seen this year was one related 
to zolicaon, but had none of the prominent show of yellow so 
characteristic of that species when on the wing. What it may 
have been I cannot say. 

Finally, two specimens of zolicaon taken on the summit of 
Signal Butte, near this city, on May 30, 1892, complete the 
number. 1 cite my experience with the Papilios to give a gen- 
eral idea of the scarcity of species occurring here. 

A few species of Colias, Pieris, Euptoieta, Phyciodes and Ly- 
t(zna occur here, however, in sufficient abundance not to be called 
rare. There exists an unusually localized distribution among 
most species here, which doubtless results from a similar localiza- 
tion of the food-plants, many of which are to be found only near 
flowing springs or other sources of moisture. The Satyrids, 
Pamphila, and other prairie varieties, however, may be met with 
in country of almost any character, as also may such ranging 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



[February,. 



species as the Argynnids, Pyrameis cardui or Danais archippits , 
This season has proven an unusually productive one, and fully 
twice the number of butterflies were on the wing this year than 
appeared in either 1891 or 1892. 

Our climate and soil are so dry that no agriculture is successful 
without irrigation, and I attribute this season's productiveness 
in the Lepidoptera of this immediate vicinity to systems of artifi- 
cial irrigation which have been in successful operation here only 
the last two seasons, and no doubt all insect life so dependent 
upon vegetation, will steadily increase as the amount and variety 
of plant-life is multiplied year by year by the introduction of 
agriculture under our irrigation systems along the Tongue and 
Yellowstone River bottoms. 

In the interest of the readers of the ENT. NEWS I append a 
list of the species of diurnals that I have taken about Miles City 
during a three years' residence here : 



Papilio zolicaon, rare. 
Pieris rapce, common. 

protodice. 

Anthrocharis olympia, not rare. 
Colias eurytheme, common. 

" eripkyle, common. 
Danais archippus, rare. 
Argynnis idalia, one 9 , differ- 
ing a little from eastern spec. 
Argynnis edwardsii, not com. 
nevadensis ' ' 
cypris, rare, 
sp., one. 

Euptoieta claudia, one of the 
most common (averaging 
small in size). 
Melitcea, three species ; not 

common and local. 
Pkyciodes tharos, rather com. 
car/ota, quite com. 
Grapta zephyrus, one. 
Vanessa antiopa, not common. 
californica, one. 
milberti, rare. 
Pyrameis cardui, not rare. 

? sp. nov. sp., pos- 
sibly Hy. Edw. hybrid carya? 
et atlanta. 



Limenitis weidmeycrii, rare and 

local. 
Limenitis disippus, rare and 

local. 
Ccenonympha ochracea, rather 

common. 

Satyrits alope-olympus, rare. 
cetus, rare. 
charon, rather com. 
Chionobas varuna, several spec- 
imens taken at ranch in July 
100 miles east of Miles City. 
Thccla niphoji, rare and local. 
Chrysophanus hypophlceas, not 

rare. 

Ckrysophanus rubidus, rare. 
Lyctena melissa, common. 
Pamphila, two or three species, 

all rare. 
Pyrgns tessellata, common. 

sp., not common. 
Pholisora catullus, common. 
Eudamus tityrus, one. 
sp. one. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 39 

Notes upon a Small Collection of Butterflies from 
Serra f.Sjerra>, Timor-Laut. 

By W. J. HOLLAND, Ph.D., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Through the kindness of my friend, Mr. Robert M. Grey. I 
have been able to add to my collection a number of specimens 
received by him from a friend who obtained them from Serra, the 
small rocky island, which lies at the northern entrance of the 
strait, which separates northern and southern Timor-Laut. The 
species received are the following': Chanapa sacerdos Bud., 
Danais hamata Macleay, Hypolimnas forbesii Bull., Precis c.\- 
pansa Butl., Doleschallia pratipa Cram., Rhinopalpa sabina 
Cram., Delias timorensis Boisd., Terias maroensis Butl., Belenois 
pitys Godt., Catopsilia scylla Linn., Papilio aberrans Butl., and 
Eidhalia ainanda Hew. 

The most of these species have been already recorded from the 
Timor-Laut group, and the species credited to Mr. Butler were 
described by him from the collections made by the naturalist 
Forbes during his visit to the islands. To Mr. Butler I am under 
obligations for having aided me in the determination of some of 
them. The presence of Euthalia amanda Hew., in the collection 
is very remarkable. Mr. Doherty, who has seen the specimens, 
has expressed great surprise at the fact that the collection should 
contain a specimen of this genus, and is inclined to think that 
there is an error in the locality label. But all the specimens were 
received at one time, in one parcel, all labeled in the same hand- 
writing, and all had explicitly written upon them " Sjerra, Feb. 
1893," in a bold and distinct hand. If the collector was correct, 
as there is a strong presumption that he was, the discovery of 
the genus Euthalia in Timor marks the southernmost extension 
of the genus thus far recorded in the annals of research. As the 
genus is not represented, so far as is at present known, in any 
of the islands nearer Timor-Laut than Celebes, the presence in 
Serra of E. amanda, originally described by Hewitson from 
Borneo, is a remarkable fact in distribution. 



VOL. VI, No. 2, of " Insect Life" should be of great interest to the 
economic entomologist, as it is almost entirely made up <>t tin- p;ip< rs 
read at the meeting of Economic Entomologists held at Madison, Wis., 
Aug. 14-16, 1893; the number contains 147 p iges. 



40 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

LIST OF THE HISPINI FOUND IN NEW JERSEY. 

By H. W. WENZEL, Phila., Pa. 

The following- species of Hispini were taken at Da Costa, At- 
lantic County, N. J., in a radius of not more than one mile: 

Microrhopala excavata (Oliv.) Odontota rubra (Web.) 
Odontota notata (Oliv r .) nervosa (Panz.) 

scapularis (Oliv.) Charistena nigrita (Oliv.) 
bicolor (Oliv. ) " ariadne (Newm.) 

horni (Smith) Stenispa mctallica (Fab.) 
dorsalis (Thumb.) 

Since the publication of Prof. J. B. Smith's catalogue of the 
insects of New Jersey, through careful collecting many unre- 
corded species of Coleoptera have been added, especially from 
collections made in south Jersey, in the sandy pine-barren re- 
gion, where large districts are entirely unexplored, and where 
probably much more valuable material will be obtained. 

The flora of this small district, in which all the species in the 
above list were taken, is very extensive, hence a large collection 
is always looked for by the collector. 

This list of Hispini from Da Costa adds four species to the list, 
besides including all the species mentioned in Prof. Smith's cata- 
logue, except Microrhopala vittata, which is found very common 
along the coast during July. M. xerene, which is also very com- 
mon in some localities along the Delaware River during June, 
where large numbers ot the species can be taken. Both species 
feed on similar plants found in wet places. 

M. porcata is the only species I never captured, and is recorded 
from Hudson County by Mr. M. L. Linell. 

This list is remarkable not only for the number of species 
found, but is also interesting in regard to the geographical dis- 
tribution that some of the species possess. 

In a communication from Mr. Dike, who writes me of Odon- 
tota horni, " I have a single specimen which I took in Virginia. 
O. notata I have only from Florida, and did not think it would 
be found in New Jersey." 

Odontota horni also occurs in Texas (Mr. Charles Liebeck's 
collection). Of Odonlota bicolor I received specimens from Mr. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 41 

Morrison, collected in Arizona; also have specimens from Dela- 
ware County, Pa., collected by Mr. Charles Johnson, also from 
Newark, N. J. 

Odontota horni and O. notata are found on the same plant, 
Tephrosia virgmJana, commonly known as Goats Rue. 

Of all the species mentioned, none were found unique. 

o 

SYNONYMICAL NOTES. 
By GEORGE H. HORN, M. D. 

In a recent study of the Coleoptera of the Peninsula of Cali- 
fornia my attention was called particularly to an arrangement of 
the species of Conibius and Notibius published by Capt. Casey 
(Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sc. vj. With the exception of two species, 
all those heretofore placed in the latter genus have been trans- 
ferred to Conibins, making the latter heterogeneous, and requir- 
ing the formation of a genus Conibiosoma, which cannot in any 
way be maintained. There have been at the same time two spe- 
cies of Notibius named which are not separable from puberulus 
{substriatus and laticeps}, both being simply feeble variations 
from our assumed type. 

Aphanotus has also had a new name added to it, the species 
being separated bythe apparently very good character of having 
the eyes divided by the sides of the head in brevicornis and not 
divided in parallelus. Usually such a character is believed to 
have generic value, but in the present instance has no value what- 
ever, as there are in my series three specimens in which one eye 
is completely divided, and in the other not. The remarkable 
coincidence is, that in the three specimens the right eye is the 
divided one, the left not. 



IN July, 1893, while collecting in a garden in Cambridge, Mass. , a friend 
of mine caught a bright, fresh specimen of Papilio philcnor ( Linn), 
which had evidently come from larva grown in the immediate vicinity. 
The seeming scarcity of this butterfly in this part of New England has 
prompted the recording of the above instance of its occurrence here. 
S. \V. DENTON. 

THE annual report of the Curator (Alexander Agassiz) of the Museum 
of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College for 1892-93 states that in 
1876, Dr. Hagen refused an urgent invitation to assume charge of the 
entomological collection of the University of Berlin. 



42 [February, 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Published monthly (except July and August), in charge of the joint 
publication committees of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, and the American Entomological 
Society. It will contain not less than 300 pages per annum. It will main- 
lain no free list whatever, but will leave no measure untried to make it a 
necessity to every student of insect life, so that its very moderate annual 
subscription may be considered well spent. 

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION 81.00, IN ADVANCE. 

gg^" All remittances should be addressed to E. T. Cresson, Treasurer, 
P. O. Box 248, Philadelphia, Pa.; all other communications to the Editors 
of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA, PA., FEBRUARY, 1894. 

IN the NEWS for October, 1893, p. 266, we published an editorial on the 
transmission of specimens of Natural History in the mails of the Universal 
Postal Union. It was there stated that the Academy of Natural Sciences 
of Philadelphia had resolved to address scientific bodies in certain coun- 
tries therein named, and ask them to request their respective governments 
to favorably reconsider a proposition, made by the -United States Post- 
office, to admit such specimens to the mails of the Union under the rates 
for "samples of merchandise." The Academy caused circulars to be 
printed, whose language in many respects was identical with that of our 
editorial, and sent them to various societies. Copies of the circular were 
also sent to scientific journals, in some of which it has already been 
printed. 

The publication of this circular in "Science" and in "Nature" has 
called forth some adverse criticism. Specific replies thereto have been 
prepared, and will doubtless soon appear in those journals. Here we 
merely wish to state the faults found and the nature of the rejoinders. 

The critic in "Science" is Mr. YV. Hague Harrington, the well-known 
Canadian entomologist. He believes that the trouble lies not with the 
countries who have rejected the proposition of the United States Post- 
office, but with the latter by not arranging a " Parcels Post" with th<>s, 
countries, such as many of those countries already have between them- 
selves. The reply to this is furnished by an official letter from Mr. N. M. 
Brooks, Superintendent of Foreign Mails, U. S. P. O., in which it is stated 
that the lowest charge in Great Britain on a parcels-post package " weigh- 
ing 3 pounds or less addressed for delivery in Belgium is i shilling 3 pence 
(= 30 cents), and to France i shilling 4 pence (= 32 cents), while in 
Canada the charge for a pound or less would be to Belgium 46 cents, and 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 45 

to France 48 cents." "Under present conditions a package weighing 
4>^ ounces may be sent from Canada to Belgium or France as a Ictit-r 
upon the payment of 45 cents ; as a Parcels-Post package the charge 
would be 46 and 48 cents respectively; as a 'sample' the charge \voukl 
be 3 cents," that is, at the rate of one cent for every two ounces. 

Mr. Robert McLachlan, the noted* British authority on the Neuroptera, 
is the critic in "Nature." While commending the movement, he also 
regrets that the United States has not a Parcels Post, as he says that the 
sample-post can only be used for small packets. As shown in the above 
quotation from Mr. Brook's letter, all parcels-post packages sent from 
Great Britain, weighing less than three pounds, must pay the three-pounds 
rate. By far the most of the packages sent by naturalists to each other 
weigh less than three pounds, and a large number weigh less than one 
pound, this estimate excluding alcoholic specimens which are unmailablc. 
Whatever view may be held as to the desirability of the adoption of a 
Parcels Post by the United States, it must be evident that a Universal 
Sample Post for specimens of Natural History is of equal, if not, as is 
our opinion, of far greater importance. 



DIASPIS LANATUS. This injurious scale-insect has hitherto been re- 
corded from Jamaica (where it is common) and Antigua. Two West Indian 
localities may now be added : Trinidad ( Port of Spain, on Caricapapaya, 
found by Mr. Urich ), and Grand Cayman (on oleander, coll. 11. Mac- 
Dermot, com. Prof. Townsend). It has also been discovered in more 
than one locality in the United States, as will be described in the annual 
report of the Dept. Agriculture for 1893. But the more particular purpose 
of this note is to state that the Antigua record must be canceled, being 
founded on an error. Long ago Mr. Barber sent me some scales from 
Antigua on Heliotrope, the 9 scales crowded on the stems, white with 
brownish exuviae, which were near the edge, but not on it. The shape 
of the scales was oval, about 4 mm. long and 3 wide. With these were 
small, white, tricarinate r^ scales. This insect I regarded as a new ( liin- 
iiaspis, which I named in MS. C. major. Later, on comparing the 9 
insect with that of Diaspis lanatiis, I found great similarity, although the 
produced segments on each side of the C. major were fringed with nu- 
merous spine-like plates a feature not nearly so strongly developed in 
typical D. /ana/its. On the whole, I concluded that the insect must be a 
variety of D. /ana/us, and that the trirarinate c? scales found with it did 
not belong to it. Lately, having sent some of the C. major to Washing- 
ton, Mr. Howard protests that it cannot be />. /n/m/its ; and on reconsid- 
ering the matter I believe he is right, and that it is a new Chioiiaspi* alter 
all. D. /anatns, therefore, is at present unknown in the Lesser Antilles, 
and C. major is to be added to the West Indian list of" ("or< id;e. It is 
intended to publish fuller details concerning it at some future time. 

T. D. A. COCKEKELL. 



44 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 



Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J. 



Legislation Against Insects. This subject is not a new one by any man- 
ner of means, and has attracted attention in several States of the Union, 
notably California and Massachusetts. In the latter State legislation 
extends only in the direction of an attempt to exterminate the Gypsy moth. 
In California the interest of the growers of the Citrus fruits have been the 
prime consideration. I am not aware that in any State there exist laws 
which can be made applicable to compel the destruction of insects of all 
kinds, and certainly nowhere is there any legislation that has proved abso- 
lutely successful. I have already touched upon this subject in this depart- 
ment, and have indicated that there has been a growing demand among 
the more intelligent farmers and especially fruit-growers, for some method 
of compelling a general attention to insect injury and the adoption of 
measures for the destruction of injurious species. It happens altogether 
too often that the careful farmer who does all that it is possible for him to 
do to prevent injury upon his own domain, finds that his efforts are to a 
large extent made useless by the fact that some of his neighbors do not 
adopt similar measures and annually raise on their land a sufficient num- 
ber of insects to supply the entire vicinity. Therefore, instead of finding 
his task lightened year by year, through a gradual reduction of the injuri- 
ous species, he finds that the supply is fairly well kept up through no fault 
of his own. A man finding himself in that position, naturally seeks for 
some method of compelling his neighbor so to use his property as not to 
damage him, and the question has been brought up in the agricultural 
societies in New Jersey for some time past, resulting finally in the appoint- 
ment of a committee by the State Horticultural Society to inquire into 
the possibility of preparing a law which was enforcable, and which enforced 
would accomplish the result aimed at. Of this committee the writer was 
a member, and the investigations made resulted in the conviction that it 
would be an extremely difficult matter to procure the enforcement of any 
law on the subject ; but as laws were demanded an act was drafted which 
it was believed would avoid some of the objection made to other similar 
legislation, and which would not be a dead-letter where there was suffi- 
cient public sentiment to secure its enforcement. 

In the first place, it was believed that the sentiment against informers 
on the part of juries, and indeed justices as well, was so strong, as a char- 
acter who sought to derive a profit from even the illegal acts of his neigh- 
bors, that it would be difficult to secure a conviction on any testimony 
given or secured by him. 

In the second place, it was decided that the act should be called into 
effect only through the action first of the County Boards of Agriculture, 
and afterward through the action of the State Board of Agriculture, or its 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 45 

Executive Committee, in this way throwing the burden of enforcing the 
act upon the official organization of the farmers in the State, and making 
whatever penalties were collected subject to the general purposes of the 
organized agriculturists of the State. No compensation except such as 
the State Board may make, is provided for the commissioners to be ap- 
pointed under the act, and those accepting the appointment under it will 
be men who are themselves personally interested in securing its enforce- 
ment. Under the general laws of the State a fine imposed as a penalty 
can be enforced by imprisonment, and the act can therefore be made 
effective as against practically all those who come under its ban. The 
report of the committee was made to the Horticultural Society at its re- 
cent meeting in January, 1894, and the draft of the act proposed was 
unanimously adopted, to be submitted by the legislative committee of the 
State Board of Agriculture, giving instruction to secure its passage, if 
possible, at the present session of the legislature. Following is the act 
which may be of interest to farmers and fruit growers in sections other 
than in New Jersey. 

AN ACT TO PREVENT DEPREDATIONS BY INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE 
AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL INTERESTS OF THIS STATE. 

PREAMBLE. 

WHEREAS, serious injury is annually caused by the depredations of 
insects to the Agricultural and Horticultural interest of this State, which 
injury may be lessened or entirely avoided by the use of methods published 
from time to time in the reports and bulletins of the Agricultural Experi- 
ment Stations in New Jersey ; and such methods are quite commonly 
adopted in this State by progressive agriculturists, farmers and fruit- 
growers and have prove effective and most useful ; and the refusal or 
neglect of certain other agriculturists, farmers and fruit-growers to adopt 
and practice such methods results in the continued reproduction and 
spread of such insect pests, to the great damage of their neighbors and 
the public. Therefore. 

1. BE IT ENACTED by the Senate and General Assembly of the 
State of New Jersey, That it shall be the duty of every agriculturist, 
gardner, farmer, nurseryman or other cultivator of the soil in the State to 
adopt and apply from time to time, in the proper seasons therefor, such 
methods for the destruction of insects injurious to growing crops and fruits 
of all kinds as are and may be advised and prescribed in tin- reports and 
bulletins of the Agricultural Experiment Stations in this State. 

2. AND BE IT ENACTED, That whenever requested by a resolu- 
tion of any County Board of Agriculture of this Slate, at a meeting of 
such board, regularly held, the Executive Committee- of the State Hoard 
of Agriculture of this State shall appoint three persons, residents of the 
county from which such request shall be made, to act. as commissioners 
or agents for the purpose of this act in such county, without oilier com- 
pensation than an as hereinafter provided. 



46 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

3. AND BE IT ENACTED, That whenever complaint shall be made 
to such commissioners, or to any one of them, that any person or persons 
within their county has or have failed, neglected or refused and continue 
to fail, neglect or refuse to use such methods so prescribed or to be pre- 
scribed by the said Agricultural Experiment Stations in this State, or other 
equally efficient and satisfactory methods, for the destruction of insects 
injurious to growing crops and fruits, on land in his, her or their posses- 
sion, that then said commissioners or any two of them shall notify such 
person or persons so complained of, in writing, by service of such notice 
signed by them, upon such person or persons personally, or by leaving 
the same at their place of residence, that they are required under the 
penalties provided in this act forthwith to apply such methods so prescribed 
or to be prescribed as aforesaid, for and towards the destruction of such 
injurious insects. And said notice shall specify the particular species of 
insect or insects complained of, and the methods to be adopted for their 
destruction, with a reference to the reports or bulletins of said Agricul- 
tural Experiment Stations, or some one or more thereof, where such insects 
and the methods for their destruction are or may be described or in lieu 
thereof, there may be served with such notice a printed copy of such bul- 
letins or reports and prescribed methods of destroying insects as are relied 
upon, or a printed extract or extracts therefrom setting forth the methods 
to be used for their destruction. 

4 AND BE IT ENACTED, That it shall be the duty of such person 
or persons so notified within twenty-four hours after receiving such notice 
and directions, to proceed to destroy such insects on his lands and prem- 
ises so complained of, in the manner and by such methods as said notice 
and directions shall specify ; and every person or persons who shall neglect 
or refuse so to do, for the space of six days after receiving such notice and 
directions served as aforsaid, shall forfeit and pay a fine not less than 
twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars in the discretion of the 
Court, besides the costs of the suit, to be sued for, received and collected 
by any one of the commissioners in his own name, adding thereto the 
name of commissioner, without other words of designation, in any Court 
of competent jurisdiction in the county in which such offence shall have 
been committed. 

5. AND BE IT ENACTED, That all fines and costs that may be 
received and collected under the provisions of this act, shall belong to and 
be paid into the treasury of the State Board of Agriculture of this State, 
to defray the costs and expenses incident to the enforcement of this act 
and for the general purposes of the said board. Said expenses to include 
such reasonable allowance to said commissioners for their services in the 
premises as may be made by the said Executive Committee of the said 
State Board of Agriculture. 

6. AND BE IT ENACTED, That this act shall take effect immedi- 
ately. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 47 

Notes and. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS 
OF THE GLOBE. 

'The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS sol : cit, and will thankfully receive items 
of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given 
in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] 



To Contributors. All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our 
earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- 
ence, as to make it necessary to put " copy' 1 into the hands of the printer, for each number, 
three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- 
portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be 
given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the 
number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. ED. 



DECEASED. Prof. P. M. FERRARI in Geneva. 

Dr. GEORGE H. HORN was elected an Honorary Member of the Ento- 
mological Society of Belgium on Dec. 26, 1893. 

PICTURES for the album of the American Entomological Society have 
been received from A. D. Hopkins, Rev. G. D. Hulst, H. G. Dyar, Levi 
\Y. Mengel, F. H. Hillman, E. P. Van Duzee. 

I HAVE taken, at Chicago, in July two Myrmeleonidae new to the State 
of Illinois ; Ulitia quadripunctata Burm. and Colobopterus excisiis Hag. 
Thi- former was taken at a lamp and the latter at an electric light. Both 
are rare, and of Colobopterus not many specimens are known. J. E. Mc- 
DADE, Kensington, 111. 

TRANSACTIONS of American Entomological Society for October, Novem- 
ber and December, 1893, have just been issued, closing volume .\\, with 
374 pages and 7 plates. The following were contributors : \V. H. Ash- 
mead, Nathan Banks, E. Brendel, P. P. Calvert, T. D. A. Cockerell, 
\Y. I. Fox, G. H. Horn, C. Robertson, |. B. Smith, C. H. T. Townsend 
and C. .M. Weed. 

THE life-history of but one or two species of the family Nernistrinidte 
has hitherto been published. Recently, in looking through Prof. Burner's 
ri illeetion of Diptera, in the University of Nebraska, I discovered a female 
specimen of the rare Rhynchocephalus sackeniWi\\., which was of yet more 
interest from the following note given me by Prof. limner: "Taken while 
apparently depositing eggs in the stem of /'rio^onitiii alahiin. Its actii ms 
were very similar to those of a bot-fly ; it was s. > absorbed in its work that 
it might have been captured with the lingers." The fly is evidently a 
rapid flyer, like its allies, the Bombyliiike. It has an elongated ovipostor, 
but doubtfully of sufficient strength to pierce woody tissue. The eggs of 
Hirmoneura. obscura are deposited in the holes of wood-boring i'ise< ts, 



48 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

and it is possible that the present species may have similar habits. I shall 
be glad if further investigation of this plant will throw more light upon 
the habits of the fly. The specimen was from near Colorado Springs. 
S. W. WILLISTON, Lawrence, Kansas. 

ON THE BUGONIA SUPERSTITION OF THE ANCIENTS. Baron C. R. 

Osten Sacken writes in " Nature" for Dec. 28, 1893: Last August I pub- 
lished in the " Bulletin Soc. Entomol. Italiana" 1893, pp. 186-217, an ar- 
ticle entitled, " On the Bugonia of the Ancients, and its relation to Eris- 
talis tenax, a two-winged insect." I desire to collect some more materials 
on that subject, in view of a second edition, and I would be very grateful 
to readers of '' Nature" who may be able to give me assistance in that 
matter. 

The information I require may be expressed in two questions: 

(1) Whether travelers in out-of-the-way places in Europe or Asia have 
not come across vestiges of the superstition about oxen-born bees, still 
lingering among primitive people? 

(2) Whether readers of Oriental literature have not come across pas- 
sages evidently referring to this superstition, like the passage I reproduce 
here as an example. I found it in the " Golden Meadows" of the Arab 
traveler Massoudi (died in Cairo, 955), translated by Barbier de Meynard 
and Pavet de Courteille, Paris, 1861, vol. iii, p. 233. It relates a conver- 
sation which took place in Arabia, and of which this is a fragment: " ' Had 
the bees, which produced this honey, deposited it in the body of a large 
animal?' asked Yiad. The surveyor answered: ' Hearing that there was 
a hive near the sea-coast I sent people to gather the honey. They told 
me that they had found at that place a heap of bones, more or less rotten, 
in the cavity of which bees had deposited the honey that they brought 
with them.' " 

Baron Osten Sacken, whose address is Heidelberg, Germany, would 
be happy to send a copy of his original paper to any one interested in 
the subject. 

TRAILED BY A TIGER. (Perils of a scientist now visiting in Pittsburgh). 
Mr. William Doherty has been recently spending a few days with Dr. 
Holland at his residence on Fifth Avenue. He is one of the most daring 
and successful travelers and explorers, who has risen from the ranks of 
the American people, though he is known to comparatively a limited 
circle of friends, who have been his reliance in his adventurous under- 
takings. He is a Cincinnatian by birth, and is descended from the Scotch- 
Irish settlers of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, whose bold stand 
in favor of independence in pre-revolutionary days is historic. He was 
graduated at the University of Cincinnati, and went in 1878 to Paris in 
charge of a portion of the exhibit sent to the Paris exposition by the 
United States Department of Agriculture. After remaining in Paris six 
months in the discharge of his duties there, he resolved to spend some 
time in travel, and visited the countries of Kurope lying along the Medi- 
terranean. He spent a year in Greece, then a year in Egypt. After tra- 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. -49 

versing Palestine twice, lie purchased a fine Arab horse at Bethlehem in 
judea, and mounting the animal headed for the East. 

His horseback ride took him across Syria and Persia. He spent a year 
at Teheran, the capital of Persia; rode into Turkestan, returned to the 
region of Muscat, and thence made his way into India. Making Calcutta 
his headquarters, he commenced an extended series of collecting tours, 
devoting his attention mainly to the insect fauna of the regions he visited. 
He thoroughjy explored the foot hills and higher slopes of the Himalayas, 
collecting in Kumaon, Sikkim, Bhotanandin Burmah and the Malay pen- 
insula. His explorations in these regions were diversified by expeditions 
to Java, Celebes and Borneo. 

Returning to Calcutta, he finally set out for a more thorough explora- 
tion of the islands of the great archipelago. He visited Bali, Sumbawa, 
Sumba, Ademara, Solor, Timor, Letti, Timor-Laut, Burn, Ambonia, Bat- 
chian, Ternate and adjacent islands; thence made his way to Humboldt 
Bay, on the north shore of New Guinea, exploring along the whole north 
shore in New Guinea, in the German and Dutch possessions, visiting Jo- 
bie and Schouten Islands, being the first naturalist to systematically ex- 
plore these localities. 

Humboldt Bay was visited by the Challenger expedition, but the atti- 
tude of the natives was so threatening that no landing was made. Mr. 
Doherty induced the captain of a vessel to put him into the inner bay, 
which is a beautiful land-locked sheet of water flanked by mountains, 
one of them rising to the elevation of 9000 feet above the tide. The bay 
is studded with little islands, upon one of which Mr. Doherty disembarked, 
accompanied by his four trusted Lepchas, or native butterfly hunters, 
whom he had brought with him from the mountains of India, and who 
had been the companions of his journeyings for many years. The natives 
of Humboldt Bay are exceedingly hostile and the lives of the party were 
in hourly danger. Mr. Doherty succeeded by a clever manoeuvre in in- 
spiring them with a wholesome awe of his person. 

It happened that among the swarms of natives that came crowding about 
the adventurers armed with bows and spears there was a man who had 
been carried to sea in his boat and had been picked up by the crew of a 
Malay prau 500 miles away from land. During his stay among the .Ma- 
lays this man had acquired a little knowledge of their tongue, and through 
him Mr. Doherty was enabled to communicate with the savages about 
him. 

He took occasion to warn them that any act of hostility would lead to 
terrible consequences, as IK- was a mighty wizard, and verified the asser- 
tion by exploding a dymanite cartridge which he had adroitly slipped into 
a crevice of a great boulder seven feet in height, which lay by the shore 
and which was torn to pieces by the explosion. The effect of this dis- 
play of terriiic and apparently supernatural power was wholesome. Mr. 
Doherty made it a point, after he had assured himself that he had ere, tied 
a monstrous impression, not to take with him firearms, lest the natives 



50 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

should think he was in fear of them, but boldly sallied forth with his but- 
terfly nets and explored the shores of the bay and penetrated some dis- 
tance into the interior, discovering a large fresh-water lake, the existence 
of which was not known before to geographers, and making wonderful 
collections of new species, which have since been transmitted to Hon. 
Walter De Rothschild and Mons. Oberthur, of France. 

The natives followed him everywhere and went fully aimed, but keep- 
ing a respectful distance, not knowing at what minute his terrible rock- 
rending power might be invoked for their destruction. Finally, however, 
they became bolder and more threatening in their demeanor, and realiz- 
ing that his life was in danger he made his way in his boats westward, 
exploring from point to point as he touched. His life was in his hands, 
so to speak, during this whole perilous journey, but with amazing tact 
and coolness he succeeded in carrying out his purposes and in coming off 
unscathed, save by fever and the effects of the constant nervous strain to 
which he was subjected. 

The following incident is a good illustration of his nerve: One of the 
best ways of collecting moths is by placing baits for them in proper places, 
and then visiting the spots after dark with a lantern and capturing them 
where they have congreated. While in Java Mr. Doherty was following 
this method, but discovered, to his surprise, during his rounds in the for- 
est, he had been followed for several nights by a Bengal tiger, which had 
tracked him from tree to tree as he went his walks. The tiger evidently 
had been deterred from making an onslaught by the lantern which Mr. 
Doherty carried. Mr. Doherty made up his mind that if the lantern pro- 
tected him, he would not be deterred by the tiger, and went on with his 
work night after night, and just as regularly as he went his rounds the 
tiger followed him. Finally the brute became bolder and showed him- 
self, and Mr. Doherty determined that it was time to put an end to this 
form of coquetry and laid a bait a dead animal in his path, and con- 
cealed himself with a rifle in a hollow tree. All night long he sat there 
waiting for " Old Stripes " to show himself, but singularly enough the 
tiger had reached the same conclusion as Mr. Doherty, and that night he 
failed to appear, and thereafter was conspicuous by his absence. He had 
apparently gotten tired of the business, as Mr. Doherty had. Not all of 
Mr. Doherty's tiger stories have such an ending, and he has been "in at 
the death " of not a few of these lords of the jungle. Strange to relate, 
Mr. Doherty declares that he is less afraid of tigers than of tame elephants. 
Tame elephants in India, he says, kill on an average one man a year, 
and as some of them live to be over one hundred years of age they are 
veritable man destroyers. This is true principally of bull elephants. Cow 
elephants are more tractable and gentle. 

Mr. I "oherty possesses a wonderful faculty of acquiring languagrs, and 
this power has served him in his journeys. He possesses a colloquial 
knowledge of twenty-seven of the languages and dialects of Asia and the 
Kust, and is wonderfully accomplished in the languages of modern Eu- 



1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 51 

rope. His visit to this country is simply for the purpose of rest and re- 
cuperation. He proposes in the later Winter or early Spring to return 
again to explore the islands lying north and east of New Guinea, to again 
visit New Guinea, and then to explore Hainan, Formosa and the interior 
of China. After that, if spared, he, may attack East Africa and Madagas- 
car, or possibly will devote himself to a thorough exploration of the east- 
ern foot hills and slopes of the Andes in South America. These are the 
projects which he is discussing with his friends. He has spent the Sum- 
mer with his relatives at a watering place in Maine, and four weeks with 
his brother-in-law, Prof. J. S. Hart, of Cornell University. He came from 
Ithaca to spend a few days with Dr. Holland, who possesses, in his great 
collection, large portions of the insects collected by Mr. Doherty in the 
East. Mr. Doherty's collections are found mainly in those great assem- 
blages of insect marvels, which have been made by Baron Rothschild and 
Messrs. Elwes and Druce in England, by Oberthur, in France, and by 
Dr. Holland, of Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh Gazette. 



Identification of Insects i Images ) for Subscribers. 



Specimens will be named under the following conditions : ist. The number of species 
to be limited to twenty-five for each sending; 2d, The sender to pay all expenses of trans- 
portation and the insects to become the property of the American Entomological Society ; 
3d, Each specimen must have a number attached so that the identification may be an- 
nounced accordingly. Exotic species named only by special arrangement with the Editor, 
who should be consulted before specimens are sent. Send a 2 cent stamp with all insects 
for return of names. Before sending insects for identification, read page 41, Vol. III. 
Address all packages to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy Natural Sciences, Logan 
Square, Philadelphia, Pa. 



Eritorrio logical Literature. 



THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. London, De- 
cember, 1X93. A contribution to the morphology of the limbs and mouth- 
parts of crustaceans and insects, Dr. H. f. Hansen [trans, from Zoolog- 
ischer An/eigerJ. On the cerebral nuclei of Myriapods, J. Chatin [transl. 
from Comptes Rendus]. 

TRANS. u M n>xs OF THK KANSAS ACADKMV OF SCIENCE (1891-92), xiii. 
Topeka, 1893. Notes on the elementary comparative external anatomy 
of insects, Y. L. Kellogg. Insects Notes, id, tigs. On the the horse Hit s 
of New Mexico and Arizona, (". II. T. Townst-nd. On a peculiar Acal- 
yptrate Muscid found near Turkey Tanks, An/., id. 

NOVA ACTA DKR KAIS. LEOPOLDINO-CAROLIN^E DEUTSCHEN A.KAD- 

KMIK DKR N.vivkFi iRsriiKK, Iviii, 4. Halle, 1X92. Systema Geometra- 
rum /oiue temperatioris septentrionalis: Systematic revision of the span- 
worms of the north temperate /one, C. F. von Gumppenberg. I'art Y. 



52 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

COMPTES RENDUS. L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. Paris, Nov. 27, 1893. 
On the male genital apparatus of Hymenoptera, M. Bordas. Researches 
on the anatomy and development of the female genital armor of Orthop- 
tera, M. Peytoureau. 

THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. Philadelphia, December, 1893. Ly- 
csenid larva on Atriplex, C. H. T. Tovvnsend. 

NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHE RUNDSCHAU, BRAUNSCHWEIG, Dec. 9, 
1893. Summary of W. M. Wheeler's "A contribution to insect embry- 
ology," R. von Hanstein. 

KNOWLEDGE. London, Dec. i, 1893. Curious cocoons, ii, E. A. 
Butler, figs. Jan. i, 1894. Bark-boring beetles, E. A. Butler, figs. 

THE GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE. London, December, 1893. Notes on 
the eocene tertiary insects of the Isle of Wight, Rev. P. B. Brodie. 

MlTTHEILUNGEN AUS DEM NATURHISTORISCHEN MUSEUM IN HAMBURG, 

x, 2, 1893. [On the insects collected by Dr. F. Stuhlmann in East Africa:] 
Hymenoptera, F. F. Kohl; Formicidae, Dr. G. Mayr; Diptera, V. von 
Roeder; Lepidoptera, Dr. A. Pagenstecher. 

NATURE. London, Dec. 7, 1893. -On the classification of the Tracheate 
Arthropoda, a correction, R. I. Pocock. 

BULLETIN OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD 
COLLEGE, xxv, 2. Cambridge, Mass., December, 1893. Compte-Rendu 
sur les Pantopodes, W. M. Schimkewitsch, 2 pis. 

PAPERS ON IOWA INSECTS, consisting of Fruit and Forest tree insects 
(reprinted from Trans. State Hort. Soc. 1892, pp. 96-127) and Some Iowa 
Farm insects (reprinted from Rep. State Agric. Soc. 1892, pp. 665-699). 
By Herbert Osborn, Professor of Zoology and Entomology, Iowa Agric. 
College. Des Moines, 1893. The many figures in the text add greatly 
to the value of this pamphlet which is intended for fruit-growers, farmers 
and stock-raisers. 

INSECT LIFE, vi, 2. Washington, December, 1893. Fifth annual meet- 
ing of the Association of Economic Entomologists [at Madison, Wis., 
Aug. 14, 15, 16, 1893]. Presidential address, S. A. Forbes. Methods of 
treating insects affecting grasses and plants, H. Osborn. Notes on methods 
of studying life-histories of injurious insects, L. O. Howard. Another 
mosquito experiment, id. Phytotnyza affinis Fall, as a cause of decay in 
Clematis, J. Ritsema Bos. Farm practice and fertilizers as insecticides, 
J. B. Smith. The preservation of larvae for study, H. Garman. The dis- 
tribution of Coccida?, T. D. A. Cockerel!. Note and record-keeping for 
the economic entomologist, A. D. Hopkins. Illustrations for the eco- 
nomic entomologist, H. Garman. The arsenites and arsenical mixtures 
as insecticides, C. P. Gillette. Destructive Scolytids and their imported 
enemy, A. D. Hopkins. Parasitic and predaceous insects in applied en- 
tomology, C. V. Riley. The economic value of parasites and predaceous 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 53 

insects, J. B. Smith. Insect foes of American cereal grains, with meas- 
ures for their prevention or destruction, F. M. Webster, figs. Fumiga- 
tion with bisulphide of carbon for the complete and rapid destruction of 
insects which attack herbaria, furs and woolens, H. du Buysson. Methods 
of attacking parasites of domestic animals, H. Osborn. Remedies for 
insects injurious to cotton, H. E. Weed. The cheese or meat skipper, 
M. E. Murtfelclt. Hydrocyanic acid as an insecticide, D. W. Coquillett. 
On arsenical spraying of fruit trees while in blossom, J. A. Lintner. Some 
insects of the year, F. M. Webster. Insects of the year in New Jersey, 
J. B. Smith. Some of the more important insects of the season, H. Os- 
born. Icerya purchasi and Vedalia cardinalis in New Zealand, R. A. 
Wright. Notes on some insect pests of Trinidad, F. W. Urich. Notes 
on slip-records, T. D. A. Cockerell. Dipterous parasites in their relation 
to economic entomology, C. H. T. Townsend. 

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. London, Ont, December, 1893. 
Notes on the occurrence of Hepialus thule Strecker at Montreal, H. H. 
Lyman. On some undetermined Bombyces, H. G. Dyar. The Mesilla 
Valley cotton wood leaf-miner determined, C. H. T. Townsend. Descrip- 
tions of some species of Coleoptera occurring near Allegheny, heretofore 
undescribed, J. Hamilton, M.D. Notes and queries, W. J. Holland. 
Exochilium miindum Say attacking the fall web-worm, A. H. Kirkland. 
North American Thysanura-iv, A. D. Macgillivray. On the Eudriinae, 
A. R. Grote. List of Coleoptera taken at Sparrow Lake, Ont., J. Ham- 
ilton, M.D. Notes on Hepialus, H. G. Dyar. 

THE ZOOLOGICAL RECORD, volume the twenty-ninth. Being records 
of zoological literature relating chiefly to the year 1892. Edited by D. 
Sharp, M.A., F.R.S., F.Z.S., etc. London: Gurney & Jackson, 1893. 
Arachnida (39 pp.), Myriapoda and Prototracheata (7 pp.), R. I. Pocock. 
Insecta (332 pp.), D. Sharp. 

ZOOLOGISCHER JAHRESBERICHT FUR 1892. Herausgegcben von der 
Zoologischen Station zu Neapel. Redigirt von Prof. Paul Mayer. Berlin, 
R. Friedlander & Sohn, 1893. Arthropoda (Tracheata 40 pp.), Dr. W. 
Giesbrecht and Prof. P. Mayer. 

LEPIDOI>TERA INDICA by F. Moore. London, L. Reeve & Co. Part 
xvi, 1893, contains pp. 89-112, vol. ii, pis. 115-122. Satyrinae. 

DIE SPINNEN AMERIKAS Epeiridte von Graf E. Keyserling nach 
dessen Tode herausgegeben von Dr. George Marx, iv Bd, 2 half. Niirn- 
berg, 1893. Yerlag von Bauer & Raspe (Emil Raster). Pp. 209-377. 
Tab. x-xix. 

BIIILIOTHECA ZOOLOGICA, Heft viii. Stuttgart, 1893. Researches on 
mimicry as a basis for a natural sysU-m of the Papilionidre, 2nd part: Re- 
searches on mimicry, Dr. E. Haase, 8 pis. 



54 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

REVUE BIOLOGIQUE DU NORD DE LA FRANCE, vi, 2. Lille, November, 
1892. Apropos of some recent publications on the false parasitism of the 
Chernetidae on different Arthropods, R. Moniez. 

COMPTE REXDU. SOCIETE DE BIOLOGIE. Paris, Dec. 9, 1893. On the 
reproduction of the Sarcoptidae, Dr. E. Trouessart. 

COMPTE RENDU. SOCIETE PHILOMATHIQUE DE PARIS, Dec. 9, 1893. 
Male genital apparatus of the Hymenoptera of the tribe of the Bombin<~e, 
M. Bordas. 

BIOLOGIA CEXTRALI-AMERICANA. Part cxi. London, September, 
1893. Arachnida-Araneidea, pp. 105-120, O. P. Cambridge. Lepidop- 
tera-Rhopalocera, vol. ii, pi. Ixxvi, F. D. Godman & O. Salvin, Lepid- 
optera-Heterocera, H. Druce, pis. Ivi, Ivii. Orthoptera, pp. 9-40, pis. ii, 
iii, A. de Bormans, H. de Saussure and L. Zehnter. Hymenoptera, vol. 
ii, pp. 193-216, pi. xi, P. Cameron Part cxii, October, 1893. Hymenop- 
tera, vol. ii, pp. 217-256, P. Cameron. Lepidoptera-Heterocera, pi. Iviii, 
H. Druce. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera, vol. ii, pp. 297-312, F. D. Godman 
and O. Salvin. Orthoptera, pp. 41-64, pi. iv, H. de Saussure and L. 
Zehnter. -Part cxiii, November, 1893. Coleoptera, vol. vi, pt. 2, pp. 
125-164, G. C. Champion. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera, vol. ii, pp. 313-328, 
F. D. Godman and O. Salvin. Orthoptera, pp. 65-104, pi. v, H. de Saus- 
sure and L. Zehnter. 

PSYCHE. Cambridge, Mass., January, 1894. Biological notes on 
American Gryllidae, S. H. Scudder. Bibliographical notes-v, S. Hen- 
sha\v. New and undescribed genera of West African Noctuidse, \V. J. 
Holland. The Nemastomatidae and Trogulidae of the United States i, N. 
Banks. Wing-length in some New England Acrididse i, A. P. Morse. 

THE EXTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD. London. Dec. 15, 1893. Pupal de- 
velopment and color of imago, J. W. Tutt. The history of butterfly clas- 
sification, F. J. Buckell. 

ARCHIVES DE ZOOLOGIE EXPERIMENTALE ET GENERALE (3) I, 2. Paris, 
1893. -On the nidifications of Sphe.v splendidulus and Chalicodomaperezi, 
H. de Lacaze-Duthiers. 

BIOLOGISCHES CENTRALRLATT. Erlangen, Dec. 15, 1893. Composi- 
tion and origin of termite societies, C. Emery. 

MICHIGAX AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMEXT STATION. Bulletin 102. In- 
sects injurious to celery, G. C. Davis, figs. Agricultural College, Michi- 
gan, 1893, 32 pp. 

ACTES DE LA SOCIETE SciEXTiFiQUE DU CHILI, III, i and 2. Santiago, 
October, 1893. Therapeutic employment of Latrodcctns mac fans in 
Mexico, A. L. Herrera. On the wandering cricket of Chili, C. Berg and 
F. Letaste. The Coccidae of Chili, T. D. A. Cockerell. New notes on 
the Coleoptera of Chili, P. Germain. 



1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 

REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE DU BOURBOXNAIS, vii, 73. Moulins, January, 
1894. Geographical catalogue of the Anthicidse of France, Corsica, Al- 
geria and Tunis, M. Pic. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGA/.INE. London, January, 1894. 
Xotes on the earlier stages of the Nepticulse (cont.), J. H. Wood. An 
attempt to account for moth-grease with notes on its cure by ether, H. G. 
Knaggs, M.D. A synopsis of British Psychodidae (cont.), Rev. A. E. 
Eaton. 

THE BRITISH NATURALIST. London, December, 1893. Entomological 
nomenclature. F. J. Buckell. The Pterophorina of Britain (cont.), J. \V. 
Tutt. The regrettable announcement is made that this is the last number 
of this pleasant journal. 

ENTOMOLOGISCHE NACHRICHTEN. Berlin, December, 1893. Com- 
parative researches on the abdominal segments of female Hemiptera- 
Heteroptera and -Homoptera, C. Yerhoeff, Ph.D. 

DIE EXOTISCHEN IvAFER IN \YoRT UND BiLD. Bearbeitet von Alex- 
ander Heyne. Yerlag von Ernest Heyne in Leipzig, Hospitalstrasse 2, 
1893. i Lieferung. Pp. vii, 6, two colored plates of 58 figures of Cicin- 
delidae and seven of Dynastidte respectively. To be published in twenty 
Lieferungen at 4 marks a piece, appearing every six weeks, each contain- 
ing two colored plates and descriptive text. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST. London, January, 1894. On the vertical distri- 
bution of the British Lepidoptera, W. H. Bath. Extraction of moth 
grease by ether, H. G. Knaggs, M.D. A catalogue of the Lepidoptera 
of Ireland (cont.), \V. F. deV. Kane. Hypcna damnosalis \Ylk., J. B. 
Smith. 

LA GRAPHITOSE ET LA SEPTICEMIE chez les Insectes. Deux maladies 
des larves des Lamellicornes cause"es par les Bacte'ries, par I. Krasilshtshik. 
Extract: Mem. Soc. Zool. France, vi, p. 235, et seq., 1893; figs., 41 pp. 

MISSISSIPPI AC.KICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE Exi'EKIMENT 

STATION. Bulletin No. 27. Insecticides and their application, H. E. 
\\\-ed. Agric. Coll. Miss., November, 1893, 24 pp., figs. 

MEMOIRES SUR LES LEPIDOPTERES rediges par N. M. Romanoff. Tome 
vii. Monographic des Pliycitinse et des Galleriirtae par E. L. Ragonot. 
Saint Petersbourg, 1893, 658 pp., 23 plates, of which 20 are colored. This 
important volume is the seventh of the series edited by the Grand Duke 
Nicholas, of Russia. It deals with the Phycitiiue and Galleriina* of the 
entire world. The author, M. Ragonot, is a well-known authority on 
these groups, and is to be congratulated on the c< mplriioii ot his work. 
The plates contain in all 569 figures. 



56 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN INSECTS DESCRIBED 
IN THE PRECEDING LITERATURE. 



COLEOPTERA. 

Bembidiiim postfasciatuin Hamilton, Can. Ent. xxv, p. 305, Pa. Pla- 
tynns parmarginatus, p. 305, Pa. Stenolophus humidus, Soronia sub- 
striata, p. 306, Pa. Corymbites elongahcollis, p. 307, Pa., Ont. Hemip- 
tychus castanen-s, p. 307, Pa. Isomira riijicollis, Acalles curtiis, p. 308, 
Pa. Pachybaris strigapunctus, p. 309, Pa. Balaninus confusor, p. 309, 
Mass., Pa., O., W. Va., N. C. 

Cassididae: n. gen. et spp. Mex., Cent. Am., Champion, Biol. Cent.-Am. 
Coleop. vi, pp. 125-164. 

DIPTERA. 

Bibio tristis Williston and Kellogg, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. xiii, p. 113, 
fig., Kansas. 

Diachlorus guttatulus Tovvnsend, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. xiii, p. 134, 
N. Mex. Micropeza turcana, p. 136, Ariz. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Blennocampa populifolieUa Riley MS., Townsend, Can. Ent. xxv, p. 304, 
N. Mex. 

Pompilidae: n. spp. Mex., Cent. Am., Cameron, Biol. Cent.-Am. Hy- 
men, ii, pp. 193-222. Scoliidae, id. 1. c. pp. 222-256. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Thelethia n. gen. name for Thia (preocc.) Dyar, Can. Ent. xxv, p. 301. 
Hepialus argenteomaculatus Harr., var. perdita, p. 327. 

Hesperidae: n. spp. Mex., Cent. Am., Godman and Salvin, Biol. Cent.- 
Am. Lepid.-Rhopal. ii, pp. 297-328. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Forficulidae: n. spp. Mex., Cent. Am., de Bormans, Biol. Cent.-Am. 
Orthop. pp. 9-12. 

Blattidas: n. spp. Mex., Cent. Am., U. S., de Saussure and Zehnter, 
1. c. pp. i3-ro4. 

THYSANURA. 

Earn. Aphoruridae (nom. nov.) Macgillivray, Can. Ent. xxv, p. 313. 
New gen. and spp. Aphoruridae and Poduridae, pp. 313-318. 

ARANEINA. 

Epeindas: n. spp., Marx, Die Spinnen Amerikas, iv, pp. 209-377. N. 
spp. Mex., Cambridge, Biol. Cent.-Am., Arach.-Aran. pp. 105-120. 

PHALANGIDA. 

Trogulidae: Orf/io/asina n. gen. Banks, Psyche vii, p. ir. (>. r/t 
p. 12, S. Cal. Dendrolasma, p. 12. D, niirabi/is, p. 12, Wash. 



ENT. NEWS, Vol. V. 



PI. II. 




See page 57 



WEST AFRICAN DYSGONIID/E Holland (Reduced one-fifth). 



1 894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 57 

The Entomological Section 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS. 



The following papers were read and accepted by the Committee for 
publication in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS : 



NEW WEST AFRICAN DYSGONIIDAE. 

By W. J. HOLLAND, Ph. D., Pittsburg, Pa. 

(The following descriptions are all of species found in the valley of the Ogove River. 
The types are in my collection). 

DYSGONIIDAE Moore. 

(Ophiusidee Guen). 
SPHINGOMORPHA Guen. 

1. S. pudeus, sp. nov. rf . Palpi, front, and a stripe on the middle of 
the collar pale fawn ; patagia, upperside of the thorax and the abdomen 
pale chestnut; the lowerside of the thorax and the abdomen are cinereous. 
The primaries are pale reddish fawn: beyond the base the wing is crossed 
by a broad band of chestnut, narrowing irregularly from the inner margin 
to the middle of the cell, and then widening to the costa ; this band is 
margined externally and internally by fine paler lines, of which the outer 
line is most conspicuous, becoming broadly silvery white on the inner 
margin; there is a short waved, dark browned transverse line on the costa 
beyond the cell, and a narrow, straight, submarginal brown line running 
from the apex to the inner margin. The apex and outer angle are clouded 
with brown, and there are a few small white subapical spots on the costa. 
The secondaries are fuscous, darker toward the outer margin, with the 
costa stramineous, shining; the outer margin is bordered with pale ochra- 
ceous, and there is an incomplete transverse ochraceous band above the 
anal angle. Both wings on the underside are pale rosy fawn, with the 
inner margin still paler; both have a minute black spot at the end of the 
cell, and beyond the cell the wings are sparingly irrorated with minute 
blackish scales, and in some specimens accentuated by a few light spots 
arranged in a transverse series just beyond the cell. The primaries at the 
apex, and the secondaries at the anal angle have a few obscure blackish 
striae. 

9 . The female does not differ from the male, except in the shorter 
and more robust form of the abdomen. Expanse; .^\ 55 mm.; ? , 60 mm. 

LAGOPTERA Guen. 

2. L. rubricata sp. nov. J 1 . Palpi, front, corselet, and upperside of 
the thorax chestnut; upperside of the abdomen paler brown; lower side 
of the thorax and abdomen and anal tuft of hair minium-red. The pri- 



58 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

maries are chestnut, with the characteristic lines and markings dark brown. 
The secondaries are minium-red with the inner margin broadly blackish, 
this blackish tract being evaded beyond the cell by the red of the outer 
half of the wing which also sweeps inwardly along the inner margin. 
The fringe at the anal angle is gray, as are also the tufted hairs along the 
inner margin. On the under side both wings are minium-red. The 
primaries have an obscure lunulate discal spot. Expanse 55-60 mm. 

There is an unnamed specimen of this insect in the British 
Museum. 

MINUCIA Moore. 

3. M. vereounda sp. nov. (J\ Palpi, head, and upperside of the thorax- 
chestnut. The upperside of the abdomen is fuscous; the lowerside of the 
thorax and abdomen is paler, sericeous. The upperside of the primaries 
is cinereous chestnut, with a broad submarginal band of dark chestnut, 
constricted opposite the end of the cell; there is a lunulate dark spot at 
the end of the cell and a minute blackish spot in its middle. The secon- 
daries are fuscous, paler at the base and the outer angle, and with the 
outer third shaded near the middle of the margin with black. On the 
underside the primaries are fuscous, crossed by a pale grayish band be- 
yond the end of the cell, and with the outer third, except on the margin, 
broadly blackish. The secondaries below are fuscous laved with ochra- 
ceous at the base and darker on the outer margin. Expanse 55 mm. 

OPHIODES Guen. 

4. 0. catocalina sp. nov. ^. Front, collar, patagia, and the upperside 
of the thorax rufous ochraceous; the upperside of the abdomen is fuscous; 
the lowerside of the body is obscure pale ochraceous. The primaries are 
rufous ochraceous, with the fringes brown; they are marked by five nar- 
row, transverse, brown lines, viz.: a basal, a subbasal, two transverse 
limbal, and a submarginal line. The submarginal line is broader than the 
rest and less sharply defined; the outermost of the transverse limbal lines 
is composed of a series of regularly curved lines located upon the inter- 
spaces. This series is sharply deflected toward the base at the first sub- 
costal nervule. The innermost of the transverse limbal lines and the 
subbasal line approach each other as they draw near the inner margin. 
The secondaries are fuscous on the basal third, and bright yellow on the 
outer two-thirds, except where crossed by a broad black submarginal 
band, which diminishes in size from the outer angle toward the inner 
margin. On the underside both wings are paler; both have a lunulate 
discal spot at the end of the cell; both are traversed beyond the cell by 
incomplete transverse bands parallel to the outer margin. Of these bands 
the submarginal band is the heaviest. The primaries are marked above 
the outer angle by a large, round, blackish spot. 

9. The female does not greatly differ from the male, except in the 
greater robustness of the abdomen. Expanse: cf, 65 mm.; 9- 7 nim. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 59 

NAXIA Guen. 

5. N. apiciplaga sp. nov. rf. Palpi, front, patagia and upperside of the 
thorax, dark brown; the upper and lowersides of the abdomen and the 
lowerside of the thorax are dark fuscous. The legs are concolorous, the 
tarsi are ringed with whitish. The primaries are dark brown, marked 
with darker geminate crenulated basal, subbasal, median, limbal, and 
submarginal transverse lines. At the base the intervals between the lines 
are paler, and toward the costa bright ferruginous. On the costa toward 
the apex is a large subtriangular patch of gray margined inwardly with 
silvery white and accentuated on the costa by three minute white spots. 
The fringes are whitish, except at the outer angle, where they are black- 
ish. The secondaries are dark blackish fuscous, with the base clothed 
with grayish hairs. The fringes are broadly whitish from the outer angle 
to the end of the first median nervule. On the underside both wings are 
cloudy fuliginous, crossed with a number of parallel, crenulated, darker 
lines; both have the outer margins laved with light gray; both are heavily 
clouded with black about the middle near the outer margin. The prima- 
ries have the inner margin pale gray. Expanse 55 mm. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. 



Fig. i. Minncia vcrecnndci sp. nov. 

" 2. Lag opt era rubricata sp. nov. 

" 3. Naxia apicipla sp. nov. 

" 4. Ac/ura lioiardi Bcisd. 

" 5. Ophiodes croceipennis Walk. 

" 6. cafoca/ina sp. nov. 

" 7. Sphuigouiorpha pndens sp. nov. 

" 8. Lagoptera parallel epipeda Guen. 



-o- 



A NEW SCALE-INSECT ON AGAVE. 

By T. D. A. COCKERELL. 

Aspidiotus bowreyi, n. sp. Female scales crowded on the plant, re-mind- 
ing one of Pseudoparlatoria ostrcata. Scale elongate, slightly over 2 
mm. long, gray, with the circular blackish exuvi;r towards one end; first 
skin covered. When the film of secretion is removed, the exuvia- are 
shining black. Female (after boiling in caustic soda) broad pyriform, 
pale yellow. Three pairs of terminal lobes, none very prominent ; mid- 
dle pair close together but not touching, low, with truncate ends; second 
and third pairs broader, the third pair inconspicuous. IScyond the lobes 
the margin presents live distinct serrations, and beyond these some indis- 
tinct serration. The club-shaped thickenings (such as Comstock de- 
scribes in A. snii/acis} are very distinct ; there is a small one at the inner 



60 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

margin of each median lobe, and four larger ones on each side beyond, 
namely at the outer margin of the middle lobe, at each side of the second 
lobe, and besides the third lobe. Two rows of orifices run parallel with 
the margin, somewhat as in Maskell's figure of A. corokitz. Four groups 
of ventral glands, the cephalolaterals of about seven, the caudolalerals 
of about eight. Anal orifice a considerable distance from the hind end. 

Hab. On Agave rigida, at Hope, Jamaica. Collected by Mr. 
J. J. Bowrey, sent by Prof. C. H. T. Townsend. 

This interesting species is noteworthy for the form of the scale 
of the female, which is elongate with the exuviae to one end, after 
the manner of the male scale of A. biformis and other species. 
Females with young were sent, but the male has not yet been 
observed. This is not the first Coccid found on Agave, for, in 
1888, Mr. Douglas described Coccus {Gymnococcns} agavium, 
found on an Agave which came from North America, but still 
unknown to collectors in this countrv. 



-o- 



DESCRIPTIONS OF CERTAIN GEOMETRID LARV/E. 

By HARRISON G. DYAR, New York. 

Sabulodes dositheata Guen. 

Egg. Elliptical, flattened above and below, slightly hollowed above, 
smooth, shining pale pearly green. Under a microscope it is very slightly 
irregularly creased. Size .9 + .6 + .5 mm. Laid in a cluster of about 
40 or less on the underside of a leaf. 

Young larva (stage iii?). Head round, pale, with a brownish tinge, es- 
pecially around mouth and sides; ocelli black; a few setae; width 0.7 mm. 
Body green, tinged with white, pale ventrally. A broad, subdorsal, 
blackish shade-band which, as well as the ground color, contains several 
indistinct, whitish, longitudinal lines. A row of medio-ventral dark brown 
spots. 

Mature larva (stage vi?). Head rounded, sordid white, brown on the 
mouth parts, ocelli black; width 2.6 mm. Body cylindrical, plump, ab- 
dominal feet on joints 10 and 13, the joints between small. A few small, 
pale setae from the surface of the body. Color milky-white or pale green, 
darker dorsally, with germinate dorsal, single subdorsal, lateral and stig- 
matal pale yellow lines, all rather broad with irregular edges. Spiracles 
pale ochre. Anal plate white. A white line on anal feet. Thoraic feet 
white, with black tips. 

Pupa. Smooth, obsoletely wrinkled. On the head, just back of the 
eyes, a small warty prominence ; cremaster flattened, tapering, granular; 
its hooks well fastened into the silk of the cocoon. Color uniform milky- 
white, except the antenna cases, which are bright brown, strongly con- 



IS94-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 6l 

trasting, the color passing over vertex of head. Length 20 mm.; width 
6 mm. 

Cocoon. Composed entirely of silk, white, resembling a spider's nest. 
Spun between leaves or in a folded leaf on the tree. 

Food-plants. Eucalyptus, Ricinus, Rhatmius, Salix, etc. 

Larvae from Santa Barbara, Cal. All the species here de- 
scribed, except the two following and the last one, were kindly 
determined by Dr. Geo. T. Hulst. 

Endropia hypochraria H.-S. 

First stage. Head red-brown, with a lateral white spot and one above 
the mouth; width .4mm. Body six times banded, with whitish bands be- 
tween the thoracic and abdominal feet, the bands containing rather large 
white spots. A brown ventral line. Lenth 4 mm. 

Second stage. Head white; a large carmine-brown patch covers the 
vertex and extends down each side before the eyes and above the mouth; 
width 6 mm. Body carmine-brown, marked as before. 

Third stage. Head as before, the brown patch more extensive; width 
.9 mm. Pale bands on the body much interrupted; later the head be- 
comes brown mottled with white, black in front with two irregular ver- 
tical white lines and white clypeus. Body purple-brown finely streaked 
longitudinally with yellowish; venter yellowish; subdorsal yellow spots 
on joints 5, 6, 7 and 8 and stigmatal black ones on joints 5-9. 

Fourth stage. Head pale brown with dark brown mottlings and a ver- 
tical black band each side of the front, dentate inwardly, the two con- 
joined at the vertex and above mouth; width about 1.3 mm. Body yel- 
lowish wood-brown, mottled with darker brown, with an indistinct dorsal 
and ventral band and subdorsal, lateral and two subventral rows of mi- 
nute segmentary elevated black spots, each of the latter bearing a small, 
inconspicuous black hair; spiracles black. Length 29 mm. 

Fifth stage. Head as before; width 1.8 mm. Body also the same. 
Ventral pale band bordered sharply with dark brown subdorsal and sub- 
stigmatal interrupted bands, paler than the ground color. 

Si.rth stage. Head pale brown, mottled with darker brown; white in 
front with black specks and mottlings, separating two broad black bands 
which unite at the vertex. Width 2.7 mm. Body rust-red, with fine lon- 
gitudinal wavy black lines in germinate dorsal, three or four irregular 
lateral and four ventral bands; between the two pairs, or the latter, a broad 
pale medio-ventral band. Feet and joint, 2 paler. The Vniuute pilifer- 
ous tubercles are black. The spiracles have a black border. 

Pupa. Formed in a folded leaf and held in place by numerous threads. 
It is black, shining, red-brown in all the sutures and joinings of tin- 
parts. The abdominal segments taper rapidly; the cremaster is large 
and stout and terminates in two much-recurved '-pines with several shorter 
knobbed hairs growing from their bases. Length 15 mm. 



62 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

Food-plants. Found on Sassafras (S. offidnale), but readily ate other 
leaves. 

From Dutchess County, N. Y. 

Angeronia crocataria Fabr. 

I think it worthy of record that this species hibernates in the 
larva state when well grown. From eggs laid in August larvae 
were produced which reached the fifth stage and hibernated. 
The larva in the first four stages, and also at maturity, is green; 
but in the fifth, or hibernating stage, there is a marked change 
of color. After the fourth molt it is pale, dull brown above, a 
little darker at the sides, paler below, evenly concolorous and 
ceases feeding. 

Probole amicaria H .-S. 

Head whitish green with a vertical, pulverulent, crimson line before the 
ocelli; mouth brownish, ocelli black; width 1.4 mm. Body the same 
whitish green: a dorsal crimson band, broadly interrupted on the middle 
of each segment and furcate on joint 2, the forks meeting the lines on 
the head. Feet slightly touched with crimson. 

Last stage. As before; the stripes on the head very pulverulent; width 
2.2 mm. Later the markings become deep carmine-brown, fainter than 
before and blended, with obscure, similarly-colored mottlings over the 
body. A transverse stripe across the dorsum on joint 3, another on 
joint S, a little elevated and preceded by two dots, around which partly 
extends a shade from the band. Spiracles ringed with black. 

Food-plant. Found on dogwood (cornus). 

Larva from Rhinebeck, N. Y. 

Synchlora excurvaria Pack. 

Head pale brown, minutely pilose. Body with the segments projecting 
laterally in points, the dorsum roughened. On these lateral processes 
the larva attaches various objects, which gives it a strange appearance. 
Body light brown with black shades and an interrupted dorsal line. Two 
reddish points anteriorly on joints 3-9 and 13; other elevated reddish 
spots laterally and fine hairs; the skin granular. On joints 5-9 are curi- 
ous structures composed of pieces of dead leaves, etc. After moulting 
the larva applied several pieces of green leaf to itself, which subsequently 
withered, and also some pieces of paper from its label. Length about 
12 mm.; width of head i mm. 

Cocoon. Composed of the material which the larva carried on its 
back, spun together with silk. 

Pupa. Pale wood-brown; a blackish dorsal line; a point above i-ach 
eye, a line on antenna cases and the eyrs blackish. Indistinct brownish 
shades and spots throughout. Length 8 mm. 

Larva from Lake Worth, Fla. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 63 

Semiothisa granitata Guen. 

Head with rounded lobes, flat in front; white before, reddish at sides, 
with some brownish spots and a black patch below the apex of each lobe; 
ocelli black, mouth sordid whitish; width 1.2 mm. Abdominal feet pres- 
ent on joints 10 and 13, normal. On each segment a series of low, smooth, 
black tubercles, each bearing a rather long, black hair; a dorsal and lat- 
eral row of white, intersegmental patches 4ind an interrupted orange, 
subclorsal band; the rest of the body finely mottled with black and white 
on a sordid purplish ground color; a black dorsal patch in the centre of 
each segment. Thoracic feet black. 

Pupa. Wing cases prominent, rounded; abdomen cylindrical, slightly 
tapering; cremaster conical, with two divergent spines; cases creased, 
abdomen minutely punctured. Color blackish brown. Length iomm.; 
width 3 mm. 

Food-plants. Ribes 

Larva from Yosmite, Cal. 

Phasiaie irrorata Pack. 

Head rounded, green with a yellowish line behind the eyes; antennae 
pale. Body cylindrical, abdominal feet on joints ioandi3. Color green, 
finely streaked longitudinally with yellowish on dorsum and venter; a 
stigmatal yellow band on the fold, continuous with the band on the head 
and passing on to the last pair of abdominal feet. A few short, black 
seta?, visible with a lens. 

Pupa. Abdomen tapering, punctured; wing cases slightly creased; 
cremaster long, tapering, ending in two divergent points. Color brown. 

Food- plant. Cotton wood (Populiis} . 

Larva from Phoenix, Ariz. 

Selidosema jutumaria Guen. 

Head scarcely shining, greenish, testaceous, ocelli brown, mouth brown- 
ish; width i. 8 mm. Abdominal feet on joints 10 and 13. Color green, 
the folds of the segmental incisures yellowish. A dorsal band of four 
narrow, pale yellow lines and a broader stigmatal line, all slightly wavy. 
Spiracles faintly reddish. The larva rests flat on the leaf like a Noctuid. 

Pupa. Cylindrical, rounded; the abdomen small, tapering; cases 
finely creased, body punctured ; cremaster cylindrical, tapering, with 
two outcurving thick spines from its end. Length 15 mm.; width 5 mm. 

Food -plant. /\ ha in mis. 

Larva from Yosemite, Cal. 

Eucaterva variaria < n >te. 

/''.?.? (from abdomen of V moth).- Llliptical, flattened on two opposite 
sides and truncate at one end, densely covered with hexagonal depres- 
sions; color very pale green. Length .Smm., thickness .5111111. I'luk-rthe 
microscope the hexagonal areas are seen to be formed by broad, elevated, 



64 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 

reticulated lines, more or less granular and often broken. These eleva- 
tions are nearly white. The truncate end of the egg has an outer elevated 
ridge and an inner one, between which is a ring-like depression. The 
central elevation is hollowed to form the micropyle, and the reticulations 
radiate around it. 

Larva (from cast skin). Head round, the clypeus triangular, smooth, 
with a few short hairs; white, with numerous black dots, here and there 
partly confluent (like the wings of the moth), less thick on the lower part 
of the head. Clypeus white, with two confluent black dots near its apex; 
ocelli six, black; labrum and jaws brown; width about 2.2 mm. Anal 
plate large, oblong, white, dotted with black, like the head, but the spots 
more confluent. The body may have been white with black marks. 
Spiracles black. 

Pupa (from empty skin) . Skin thin, so that it is misshapen after the exit 
of the moth; apparently cylindrical, a littlle tapering on the abdomen with 
rounded ends cremaster ; short, broad, with six spines, recurved at their 
ends, the two posterior ones arising from slightly elevated conical bases. 
Color apparently very pale brown, or perhaps nearly white, with a slight 
bluish bloom over the surface. Length 16 mm ; width 4 mm. 

Cocoon. Spun among th narrow leaves of its food-plant; composed 
entirely of silk; a. dense network, the strands thick, so that the cocoon 
looks as if full of round holes. Inside of this is another slight netting, 
obscuring the pupa from view. Shape oblong, rounded; color white, ir- 
regularly stained with yellowish. Length 23 mm.; width 10 mm. 

The food-plant is Chilopsis saligna (Townsend). 
From Las Cruces, N. M., sent by Mr. C. H. Tyler Townsend 
(see " Psyche," vol. vi, page 258). 



WHILE traveling in Poland, Prof. Jaeger visited the highly accomplished 
Countess Ragowska, at her country residence, when she exhibited her 
fine, scientifically-arranged collection of butterflies and other insects, and 
told him that she had personally instructed her children in botany, history 
and geography by means of her entomological collection botany, from 
the plants on which the various larvae feed; history, from the names, as 
Menclans, Berenice, etc., given as specific names to the perfect insects; 
and geography, from the native countries of the several specimens. From 
the scientific names of insects, and the technical terms employed in their 
study, quite a knowledge of Latin and Greek, and philosophy in general, 
might also he gained. Cuzvati's Curious Facts. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for January, 1^91, \vas mailed Dec. 28, 1893. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 



AND 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 



VOL. v. 



MARCH, 1894. 



No. 3. 



CONTENTS: 



Hulst Elementary Entomology 65 

Editorial 72 

Economic Entomology 73 

Notes and News 77 

Entomological Literature Si 

Entomological Section 85 



Fox Studies among the Fossorial Hy- 

menoptera 86 

Holland Some new and little-known 

African Hesperiidae 89 

Mengel Description of new species of 
Myscejia from western Mexico 96 



ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY. 

LEPIDOPTERA-HETEROCERA (Moths). 
By GEO. D. HULST, Ph.D. 



The Geometrina comprise about 600 described species, and 
there remain probably from 200 to 300 species to be described. 

They are, as a rule, slender-bodied moths, with large, frail 
wings, and a weak flight. The labial palpi are usually rather 
short, not more than half the length of the head, projecting for- 
ward, with the end member usually very short; sometimes as long- 
as the head, very rarely recurved. In two instances only in the 
males they extend far forward, with second member very long, 
the palpi being decidedly Deltoid in appearance. 

The maxillary palpi are wanting. I have, by careful bleaching 
under a strong power, found rudiments, but these are scarcely to 
be noticed here. 

The antennae are very variable. In the females they are more 
simple in character than in the males, being generally ciliate and 
rarely bipectinate. In the males they vary. from the simplest 
form through serrate and dentate to very broadly plumose bi- 
pectinate. With us no form has been found with unipectinate 
antenme as in other parts of the world, and one only with an- 
tennae doubly bipectinate. 

3 



66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

The tongue is generally well developed, long though slender. 
In a few cases it is wanting. 

The ocelli are generally wanting, and are never prominent. 

The eyes are very uniform in character, being generally large, 
globose, prominent and naked. 

The clypeus is variable in appearance, generally broad and 
subquadrate. It is sometimes broader than long, and rarely very 
narrow, with the eyes almost joined. It varies generally from 
being flat to being well rounded, and is rarely tubercled. The 
vestiture is generally scaly and close, but very often the front is 
tufted, and rarely with hairs. 

The head, a? a whole, is generally large, prominent and free, 
though in the Bombycoid forms there is a strong tendency to 
retraction and smallness, as well as to a loss of the tongue, and 
an increase in hairness and quantity of vestiture. 

The thorax is generally slender and weak. The vestiture is 
generally loose. There is rarely a dorsal crest, more often low 
posterior tufts. The patagiae are well developed, loose, fluffy. 

The wings are generally very large for the size of the body, 
though frail. They are always present in the males, but in a few 
cases are aborted or entirely wanting in the females. Ordinarily, 
where present the wings have sharper apices and angles in the 
females than in the males. The wings vary in shape from very 
broad almost to lanceolate ; apices and angles are broadly 
rounded, or extended and acute; margins even, angulated, in- 
cised or eroded. They are generally covered with short scales 
closely laid, as a rule; but these are often in part, sometimes al- 
together, transformed into close-lying hairs. In a few cases the 
wings of the males are ornamented with tuftings or pencils of 
hairs. 

The venation is extremely variable ; far more so, probably, 
than any other family of the Lepidoptera: both as the species 
are compared, and in the individuals of the species. The fore 
wings are generally 12-veined, though in individual specimens 13 
are found, the last being along the costa nearer the base than 12. 
Vein ii is very often wanting, so that many species have n veins 
only, though this cannot be depended upon to any great extent 
for classification, as in any specimen of the species vein 1 1 is 
likely to appear. There are one or two internal veins. Vein 5 
is generally from near the middle of the outer edge of the cell. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 67 

Veins 7, 8 and 9 nearly always on one stem. In very many 
species, more generally in the n-veined ones, there is a vitreous 
spot or fovea, as Mr. Meyrick calls it, at the base of la in the 
fore wings beneath. In a few cases a pencil of hairs near the same 
spot. In one of our species there are 8 veins only in the fore 
wings, and in very many the relations of 10, n and 12 are ex- 
tremely variable, these separating or anastomosing in the indi- 
vidual species without regard to uniformity. In some cases there 
is no accessory cell, in many there is one, in many two. In some 
cases there is a subcostal cell, but 12 is generally free. 

The hind wings have normally 8 veins. There are one or two 
internal veins, and the position of all veins presents great varia- 
tion. Veins 3 and 4 generally separate, are sometimes stemmed. 
Vein 5, generally near the centre of the outer margin of the cell, 
is very often wanting, or merely a fold. Veins 6 and 7 may be 
separate or stemmed; vein 8 may be stemmed with the anterior 
part of th^ cell, joined near its base only, joined by a short cross- 
bar, or entirely separate. The wing often has a vitreous spot or 
fold below at base near vein 8, and the inner edge is quite otten 
modified by a fold and hair tuftings. 

The abdomen is slender, rather long, sometimes with lateral 
or dorsal tufts in the male. 

The legs present very considerable variation. They are gen- 
erally long, slender and frail, in some cases very long. The fore 
tibice are rarely spined. The epiphysis is always present, and is 
often prolonged to beyond the end of the tibiae. 

The middle legs are, with one exception, armed with a pair of 
spurs at the end of the tibiae, and are very uniform. 

The hind legs are generally longer than the others, and are 
usually with a pair of spurs at the end, and another pair above 
near the middle of tibia. In a few cases the legs are so much 
aborted as to be useless, and in a few are simply rudimentary in 
character. Many are furnished with a long pencil of hairs; this 
starts from the upper portion of the tibia and reaches to the lower 
end, being ordinarily concealed in a long groove on the inner 
side; where the hair pencil exists there. is always a swelling and 
enlargement of the tibia, and a shortening and abortion of the 
spurs and tarsi. This is a characteristic of the males, though in 
some cases there is a loss of spurs in the female. The history of 
variation in the hind legs seems to be as follows: The legs arc 



68 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

normally long and slender, with two pairs of spurs. Then for 
ornamentation the tufting is evolved, with the tibia correspond- 
ingly developed at the expense of the spurs and tarsi. Soon the 
eg becomes an appendage for ornamentation only, not for walk- 
ing. But, not being used for walking, its muscular power fails, 
without a recovery of its normal power, the other legs being 
sufficient for thai purpose. With the loss of muscular energy 
the tufting vanishes, the tibia contracts and weakens, and the 
whole leg becomes more and more rudimentary. 

The moths have a weak uncertain flight, rarely prolonged. 
They are, as a rule, easily disturbed by day. They hide during 
the hours of light underneath leaves and rubbish, or against the 
bark of trees, which in coloration they much resemble. In re- 
pose the wings lie flat, but generally partly spread. They are 
most abundantly found among plants in rich dark woods, and in 
damp swampy valleys. 

The eggs are generally oval, slightly flattened, and covered 
with reticulated spaces. 

The larva are largely characteristic from their peculiar mode 
of progression. One or more pairs of the abdominal legs are 
wanting, and to move the hind part of the body is drawn for- 
ward, curving up the central portion. They are consequently 
called " loopers" or " measuring worms." In a few species the 
first, or first two pairs of abdominal legs are wanting; in the great 
majority the first three pairs are aborted. The two hind pairs 
are correspondingly developed and muscular. 

The larva is generally naked, slender, cylindrical, rarely with 
extended processes, but generally more or less roughened, mim- 
icing in appearance living or dead twigs, or the petioles of leaves. 
They are generally nocturnal in habit, during the day descending 
to the ground or sitting rigid upon their hind legs with the body 
raised and extended in a nearly straight line. They spin a thread 
of silk as they move along, and when disturbed are apt to drop 
by this to the ground. They are as a consequence easily col- 
lected by beating bushes and plants over an umbrella. 

The larvae are often of economic importance, a few, such as 
the canker worms, becoming pests in certain parts of the country. 

The pupa is generally slender, naked, and elongated; some- 
times suspended by the extremity of the abdomen, and with a 
girth of silk about the thorax, sometimes in a thin cocoon, and 
sometimes it is subterranean. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 69 

The Geometrina are, in the main, very easily separated from 
other families of the Lepidoptera, but in some cases they very 
nearly approach certain Bombycina and Noctuina. From the 
latter they can be distinguished by the position of vein 5 of the 
fore wings, which in the Noctuina is close to 4, at the lower angle 
of the cell, while in the Geometrina it is near the middle of the 
outer edge of the cell. 

From the Bombycina they are separated by a phase of struc- 
ture which is at once characteristic and exclusive namely, the 
structure of the larva. The tendency of the Bombycina is to- 
wards the modification of the posterior abdominal legs to other 
uses, often resulting in their entire abortion. In the Geometrina 
the tendency is to give them more power by an abortion of the 
anterior abdominal legs. I am aware that entomologists look 
with little favor upon taking anything but the mature insect in 
classification, but embryology will change that. In botany, and 
elsewhere in zoology, embryological characters are regarded as 
being of the greatest importance, and certainly a student can 
locate his insect as closely by the eyesight only from the larvae as 
he can from the imagines. The species is the insect in both 
sexes, and in its whole history. 

The classification of the Geometrina has been largely artificial 
and empirical. The systematists have seemingly arranged their 
collections as nearly as it seemed they ought to be from appear- 
ance, and made their genera conform to peculiarities of appear- 
ance or the more obvious breaks in the line. There was no 
ability, and rarely any effort to exclusive definition. Some have, 
through Hiibner, Curtis, Stephens, Treitschke, Duponchel and 
Guenee, a classification without structural definition, and this has 
culminated with the system of von Gumpenberg, who follows 
the law that "nothing shall be used in classification which re- 
quires the use of the glass, or the denuding in any way of the 
insect." The early systematists of course are to be pardoned, 
as they were pioneers groping their way to the light. 

A structural classification was begun by Herrich-Schaeffer, 
and vastly bettered by Lederer. whose system has been followed 
in Europe from his time till now. Both, however, had in their 
systems much that was not based on structure. 

In 1892, Mr. Edward Meyrick, of England, published a paper 
on the "Classification of the Geometrina of the European 



70 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

Fauna," in which he gave a classification rigidly based on struc- 
ture, while following as far as pqssible the line of superficial re- 
semblances. He also follows, the now universally-received law 
of priority in the use of generic names. We have thus a classi- 
fication which is thoroughly structural, and promises to be more 
or less permanent. And we have generic names which cannot 
be superseded, thus giving a permanent nomenclature. 

As applied to our own fauna, adding where it does not apply, 
as well as changing in some items of importance, Mr. Meyrick's 
classification is as follows, by synopsis, so far as families go: 

GEOMETRINA. 

1. Hind wings. Vein 5 present and strong 2. 

Hind wings. Vein wanting, or a fold only Ennomidae. 

2. Hind wings. Vein 8 anastomosing with cell more than one-half its 

length; or when separate, joined by a cross-bar beyond the middle 

of the cell Hydriomeniidae. 

Hind wings. Vein 8 entirely separate from cell, or joined only shortly 
at base 3. 

3. Fore wings. Veins 6 and 7 stemmed, separate from 8 and 9. 

Microaiidae. 
Fore wings. Vein 7 long stemmed with S and 9 4. 

4. Hind wings. Vein 5 much nearer 6 than 4 Geometridae. 

Hind wings. Vein 5 near middle of cell 5. 

5. Hind wings. Vein 8 separate from cell at base, then shortly anasto- 

mosing, then rapidly diverging Sterrhidae. 

Hind wings. Vein 8 entirely separate from cell, or shortly joined at 
base, then subparallel with cell Monoctaenidae. 

The Ennomidae cover many divergent forms. Ripida has 
doubly bipectinated antennae. Many species have 1 1 veins only 
in the fore wings, and many have the basal fovea beneath in the 
male. These correspond to what has been known as the Boar- 
minae. The greatest aberrancy is shown in wing form among the 
Ennomidae, as the species have the borders very variable through 
angulation. 

The Hydriomeniidae cover what has been known as Eupithecia 
and the Cidaridae. Some of the species have the inner margin 
of the hind wings modified by a lobe or tufting, as Calocalft'. 
Those where vein 8 is joined with the cell in the hind win^s also 
have the inner edge of these wings much modified in some cases, 
and are known as the Lobophorime. Dyspteris falls in this 
group. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. ~ I 

The Microniidse include only a few genera with us. They are 
far more largely represented in the tropics. Leucida, Calledap- 
teryx and Callizzia belong here. 

The Geometridse include most of the green moths. They vary 
much in the sexes so far as the palpi and post-tibial spurs go. 

The Sterrhidae take the place of the Acidaliinae. They are 
very closely connected with the Geometridae, and here the greatest 
variation in the structure of the hind legs is found. Goniaci- 
dalia has but 8 veins in the fore wings. 

The Monoctaenidae (another new name to us) are poorly rep- 
resented in our fauna, though a very large family in Australia 
and the far East. They connect the Hydriomeniuhe with the 
Geometridae, and are represented by the genera Brephos, Bap- 
tria, Paleacrita, and a few others. 

A full classification of the Geometrina following Mr. Mey rick's 
method is now in preparation, and will shortly be published. 



THE statement in the "Canadian Entomologist" vol. xxv, p. 310, of 
Rev. W. J. Holland that a specimen of Erebus odora was found in the 
lecture-room of a church in Allegheny, Pa., reminds me of a similar 
experience : 

When I was Superintendent of Schools at Racine, Wis., in 1879, the 
janitor of the High School building, an excitable old gentleman, rushed 
up to me one morning with the information that after considerable effort 
(which no doubt he considered praiseworthy) he had captured a bat in 
one of the school-rooms and had confined it within one of the drawers of 
my desk. An entomologist will imagine my feelings when, on investiga- 
tion, I found a specimen of Erebus odora battered almost beyond recog- 
nition, especially when at that time the species was a stranger to my 
cabinet. It goes without saying that the janitor was instructed to allou 
me to capture any other bat that lie might discover on the premises. ( )nly 
forty-eight hours afterwards lie came to me with the information that tli< n 
was another bat in a certain room. I'.y lashing my entomologist's cane 
to a ten-foot pole I had little difficulty in capturing the "bat," though it 
had chosen a position on the ceiling, fortunately beyond tin- janitor's 
reach. It was a magnificent specimen of Erebus odora, perfectly fresh. 

My curiosity is excited anew as to the motive which impels this moth in 
particular to enter houses. It seems to be something moiv than an acci- 
dent. In this case it could not have been the attraction of artificial light, 
for the school-room was never lighted at night. It is also true, so far as I 
have observed, that /''rebus odora, though coining to trees sr.u-ared with 
treacle ior the capture of moths, will invariably start if the light of a dark 
lantern is allowed to come near it. O. S. Wisu < n i, Chicago, 111. 



72 [March, 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Published monthly (except July and August), in charge of the joint 
publication committees of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, and the American Entomological 
Society. It will contain not less than 300 pages per annum. It will main- 
lain no free list whatever, but will leave no measure untried to make it a 
necessity to every student of insect life, so that its very moderate annual 
subscription may be considered well spent. 

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION $1.00, IN ADVANCE. 

g@" All remittances should be addressed to E. T. Cresson, Treasurer, 
P. O. Box 248, Philadelphia, Pa.; all other communications to the Editors 
of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA, PA., MARCH, 1894. 
BORROWING BOOKS. 

A correspondent writes as follows: " Is there any possible way of bor- 
rowing books from the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences or the 
American Entomological Society? If not, might not some scheme be 
devised ? For example, I particularly want to see Ragonot's new mono- 
graph Phycitidse and several parts of the " Biologia Centrali-Americana." 
I don't care to buy them; and, in fact, do not want to possess them at all, 
but if I could borrow such works by paying all cost of transport and de- 
positing a sum to cover possible loss, it would be a great advantage. You 
see entomology is being dreadfully crippled by the great difficulty of get- 
ting necessary works, the result being that those not situated near a large 
library are placed at a disheartening disadvantage. Cannot this matter 
be brought up before the American Entomological Society or the Acad- 
emy of Natural Sciences, and see if anything can be done ? Many people 
would doubtless give books to form the nucleus of such a loan library, 
and probably enough money could be raised to pay the salary of a libra- 
rian. I think the mere discussion of the matter might have ultimate good 
results, though nothing was done at present." We see no reason why 
such a library could not be inaugurated with this idea in view. Of course, 
such a thing could not be done in any of our society libraries at present, 
as it would be a manifest injustice to those who pay for the use of the 
books, and if they found a work missing which they wished to consult, 
there would be war at once. Also, there are few libraries which have 
sufficient funds to duplicate expensive books, and expensive works are 
the ones which would be in demand. It would have to be a special li- 
brary for this purpose alone, with a special fund and librarian. Of course, 
it could be an adjunct department to some already existing library. 



1 894.] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



73 



DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, 



Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J. 

Wookpecker Work. It is nothing unusual to see a woodpecker hard at 
work on the trunk of a tree, evidently after a meal, and sometimes quite 
large trunks are hammered into in the search for larvae. It is surprising how 




IMC,, i. section of a trunk of black oak, showing 
holes made by woodpecker; one-third natural size 
(from a photograph). 

much work seems to be done lor such an apparently small return, and in 
wocd like white and black oak. Among our rare insects are the Cossi'Js, 
andjimong those forms that entomologists like to get, is C. 



74 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



[March, 



I have recently received evidence that leads me to believe that the abun- 
dance of woodpeckers and the rarity of the Cossids are directly related. 
Through my friend, Mr. }. T. Brakeley, of Bordentown, N. J., who spends 
a considerable portion of the year in the New Jersey pines, I have recently 
received some good specimens of the work of woodpeckers in oak, and a 
figure* of one of the specimens is herewith presented shewing the holes. 




FIG. 2. Section of trunk sawed to show the burrows of 
the larva sought by the woodpeckers ; the termination of 
their holes marked by a x ; one-third natural size (from a 
photograph). 

made by the woodpeckers on the outside of the tree, and showing also a cut 
through the trunk to indicate the locality of the larvie that the wood- 
peckers were after. I urged upon Mr. Brakeley in his chopping opera- 
tions to keep a lookout for the insects that the woodpeckers were after, 

* These figures were first published in " Garden and Forest," No. 300, and electrotypes 
were obtained through the kindness of the publishers of that paper. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 75 

as he informed me that quite frequently he found that the woodpeckers 
had not reached the larval burrows, having been either scared off, or had 
become tired of the work, with all the probabilities in favor of the first 
suggestion. A few days ago he sent me a larva taken from one of these 
biack oak sticks, and in this case also, a woodpecker had attempted to 
get at the burrow; but had for some reason stopped short, giving this 
larva a chance to mature. I had expected to find some Longicorn larva, 
and was quite surprised to find instead a magnificent specimen of a Cosxn/, 
which is almost certainly querciperda. These insects live for two or three 
years in the trees, and the woodpeckers, therefore, have a very long time 
to find them, and in that way few of them ever reach maturity and change 
to moths. When these insects inhabit the lower parts of trees and be- 
come nearly full grown, they make enormous channels, and these chan- 
nels are very frequently taken possession of by ants, who make use of 
them for their nests. It is, indeed, quite usual to attribute this work to 
the ants. It would seem as if the nutritive value of these larva; must be 
very high if it pays for the expenditure of force used in getting at them. 

A New Fact in the Life-history of the Silk-worm. One learns from all 
sorts of sources; even the daily papers sometimes give us extremely in- 
teresting information concerning entomology. The latest that I have seen 
is from the New York Tribune for Jan. 31, 1894, and it gives us the new 
information that " worms crawl out of their cocoons." The entire article 
is as follows : 

" In the cargo of a steamer which recently arrived at a Pacific port from 
China were a number of boxes of silk-worms, in transit for London. 
After the steamer arrived in port the worms began to crawl out of their 
cocoons. Holes had been bored in the boxes to give air to the worms. 
They soon found the holes, crawled through them, and a number suc- 
ceeded in reaching the deck, where they were picked up by visitors. An 
enterprising man on shore saw the worms, bought all he could get, and 
proposes starting a silk industry in Oregon." 

\Ye wish the enterprising man the enormous success he merits. 

A Note on the Habits of the Cockroach. It sometimes happens, even in 

the best regulated families, that certain household pests make their ap- 
pearance in rather annoying numbers, and these are not always insect 
pests alone. Recently it has happened that in the house occupied by me 
there was an invasion of mice and roaches (Periplaneta orii-iitn/is* and 
some measures became necessary in order to get rid of them. A mixture 
of even parts of borax and chocolate, finely powdered and thoroughly 
mixed, proved tolerably effective, and it would probably have been per- 
fectly satisfactory could I have had it applied thoroughly and persistently 
for a sufficient length of time. They did not disappear soon enough or 
completely enough to suit me, and I substituted a phosphoric paste, 
which was promptly effective in so far that the roaches disappe.ued from 
the lower regions where this had been used; but made their appearance 
in the upper part of the house, where they were even less welcome. For 



76 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

tlie mice, traps were introduced, and a great haul was made two or three 
days in succession. I noticed one morning on examining the traps that 
one of the dead mice had been eaten into and a considerable portion of 
it devoured. I attributed this to cannibalism, and thought it probable 
that the mice were hard up for food. This occurred on two or three oc- 
casions, and in one instance I noticed that several roaches ran away from 
the trap when I opened the closet door. '\ his induced me to look a little 
more carefully into the matter of the eating, and I suspected that the mice 
could not well have done that kind of chewing which was present. I 
concluded to experiment a little further, and when I captured another 
mouse, left it in the trap for two or three days to see what the outcome 
would be. Then early one morning I carefully opened the- closet door 
scaring off several roaches that were evidently engaged in making a meal 
on the dead mouse. I found that they had not only eaten hide and hair, 
but had eaten a considerable portion of the intestines and the flesh. 
Around several of the vertebrae the muscular tissue had been cleaned off 
as completely as if ants had done it, and every bone and every process, 
and every spicule, as well as the ribs were perfect and entirely cleaned, 
making, so far as it went, a perfect skeleton. I had known, of course, 
that roaches were almost omnivorous, and that nothing was sacred to 
them; but this is the first time that I ever noted such a habit as that above 
described, nor do I recollect ever having read of any similar occurrence. 
Perhaps some of the readers of the NEWS have seen or heard of some 
like instance, and if so I would be pleased to have a note of it. 

The Pear-leaf Blister-mite. In Bulletin No. 61, of the Cornell Station, 
Mr. M. V. Slingerland has an account of the above insect, Phytoptns pyri 
Scheut, in which he finds that Winter spraying with the kerosene emul- 
sion diluted not more than eight times is an almost perfect remedy. The 
life-history of the mite is stated, and it is found that the adults hibernate 
under the bud-scales, where they are easily reached by the kerosene, 
which penetrates every crevice readily. The emulsion diluted only three 
times produced no injurious effects upon the trees. 

This result is an important one, in that it forces the grower into his 
orchard in Winter, and the application made as against the mite will be 
of use also against the Pear psylla, and will destroy many another insect 
Avhich seeks shelter in crevices and like situations. 

In New Jersey this species is abundant, seasonally and locally; but usu- 
ally noted only early in the year, nearly all trace of the insect's work dis- 
appearing by mid-Summer. No permanently injurious effects have been 
noticed in this State. 

Timber Beetles. Mr. A. D. Hopkins has sent out from the West Vir- 
ginia Experiment Station a circular to lumber manufacturers asking in- 
formation concerning injury done to timber by a number of species of 
wood-borers, mainly Scolytids and Lynie.vyllids. The object is to gather 
statistics, so far as possible, concerning the percentage of defective timber 
and the actual money loss. It is impossible to repeat the questions asked, 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 77 

because they refer to illustrations and descriptions of injury which ac- 
company the circular. Of course any information derived from replies 
to such a circular will be exceedingly imperfect; but will give some infor- 
mation perhaps as to how the commercial value of lumber is affected. 
Just at the present time pin holes in oak are a positive advantage in the 
manufacture of "antique" furniture, since it saves putting them in artifi- 
cially. The circular displays Mr. Hopkins' activity, however, and also 
the fact that he is devoting his entire energy to the question; the only true 
way of obtaining permanently valuable results. Ten years would not be 
more than sufficient to gain a thorough knowledge of the relation of in- 
sect life in its relation to the forest trees of a single locality only, and there 
need be no period of idleness at any season. 



Notes and. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS 
OF THE GLOBE. 

[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit, and will thankfully receive items 
of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given 
in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] 



To Contributors. All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our 
earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- 
ence, as to make it necessary to put " copy"' into the hands of the printer, for each number, 
three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- 
portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be 
given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the 
number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. ED. 



PICTURES for the album of the American Entomological Society have 
been received from Dr. R. E. Kunze, C. V. Piper, A. G. Weeks, Jr. 
Ernest Andre, of France, M. J. Elrod. 

EDMOND DE SELYS-LONGCHAMPS was unanimously elected a corre- 
spondent of the American Entomological Society at its meeting held 
Feb. 15, 1894. 

Dr. E. H. EAMES, of this city, while out botanizing for specimens of 
the Virginia Snake-root (Aristolochia serpentaria], found a plant upon 
which were a number of Paf>ilio philenor larvae. The doctor was glad 
to get the plant, as it is very scarce about here. I attempted to raise them, 
but could find nothing upon which they would feed; I tried Spice-bush, 
Sassafras, Smartweed and all th,e most pungent plants I could find, and 
they would take to none; one was full grown, and changed to a chrysalis 
without eating any more. 

E. H. Eames is a thorough botanist, and he says that this is the northern 
limit of the food-plant. I have also found Jnnonia ca'uia common about 
here, but not until after the first of October. Tcrias lisa is also common 
through September and October. I. F. Mi H IKK, Jr., Hridgeport, Conn. 



78 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

A VARIATION IN TACHINID ATTACK. An instance recently came under 
.my observation which not only appeared to be something of a departure 
from the ordinary method of attack, as it is usually observed in these 
parasites, but afforded an illustration of the fact that a protective resem- 
blance or mimicry does, not always protect. Ordinarily, the eggs of 
Tachina and closely allied species when deposited on Lepidopterous 
.larvae, are placed on the dorsal or lateral surface, more frequently the 
former, and especially on the thoracic segments, where they are least 
liable to become detached by the victim. In this case the host was the 
larva of one of the Geometridas, and when first observed was alive and 
attached posteriorly to a limb, with the body thrown out at an angle, as is 
the habit in caterpillars of this family, while the eggs had been placed on 
the ventral surface of the thoracic segments about the bases of the legs, 
and in the region of the oesophagus. None of the parasites developed 
to adults, and hence the species cannot be determined. Just what led the 
parent fly to place her eggs in this locality it is of course impossible to 
say. A slight movement in the limbs of the larva might, if not already 
known to the parasite, have led to the discovery of its true nature; but 
even in that case it would seem thajt the larva should have been able to 
defend itself in that quarter and driven the fly to attack a less protected 
part, even if the latter had not found it out of its own accord. 

F. M. WEBSTER. 

A BUG GNAWED HIS HEART. A young boy's death gets a strange ex- 
planation. Mtmcie, Ind., Jan. 19, 1894. A remarkable case of a boy 
being killed by a bug that gnawed his heart deeply interests local physi- 
cians. Samuel Lennox, seven years old, died a few days ago with very 
peculiar symptoms. The boy had been sick for some time, but his case 
was different from any other. A post-mortem examination revealed that 
part of the heart had been eaten away by an insect, causing death. Nearly 
a year ago the boy drank water from a brook and swallowed a water bug. 
The insect ate its way through the boy's stomach and then began devour- 
ing the heart, the boy bleeding to death. 

NOTE. This is undoubtedly a species of bug we have had occasion to 
refer to before in the NEWS humbug. ED. 

A FURTHER note on Oceanic Hemiptera. The species of Rhagovc/ia 
mentioned in my article in the February number of the NEWS is, accord- 
ing to a recent communication from Mr. Heidemann, not collaris, but a 
new species which is about to be described by Prof. Uhler as plunibca. 

H. F. \\TCKHAM. 

THE Texas Goddess of Liberty has more than a bee in her bonnet. 
She isn't a Populist of the Mrs. Lease order, but a ij-feet high statue 
poised on the highest pinnacle of the State Capitol at Austin. In cleaning 
the statue a few days ago it was discovered that a swarm of bees had made 
their home in the hollow head of the goddess, using the nostrils as an 
entrance, and had filled it half full of honey. AV<v ) 'ork Sun. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 79 

ASPIDIOTUS NERII. The distribution of this scale, brought about by 
human means, is very wide; yet the insect is by no means found every- 
where. Curiously enough, the true A. nerii is not yet known from the 
West Indies. In Jamaica the oleander is much cultivated, but no A. 
nerii was to be found ; nor is it in Mr. Barber's collections from the 
Lesser Antilles, or those of Mr. Ulrich from Trinidad. There is a scale 
on palms in the West Indies that was considered a variety of nerii, 
but I have recently satisfied myself, by the examination of a good deal 
of material, that it is a quite distinct species, namely A. destructor 
Signoret; and further, that my A. fallax and Mr. Newstead's A. cocotis 
are but slight varieties of it. The supposed A. palinarum from Bar- 
bados is another variety. On the continent, A. nerii is known from 
widely separated points. On August 8th, last year, I found it on a pink 
oleander in Las Cruces, N. Mex. Dr. A. Duges sent it to me on oleander 
from Guanajuato, Mex., where it is known to have existed at least since 
1884. It had been recorded from Chili, and a few days ago M. Lataste 
sent me specimens on oleander and jasmin^ from Santiago. It would 
be interesting to obtain fuller particulars about the distribution of this 
scale, and I would suggest that those who have the opportunity might 
examine oleanders in various localities whence it has not been reported, 
to see if it is really absent, or merely unnoticed. The white scales on the 
leaves are very conspicuous and could not well be overlooked by any one 
searching for them. T. D. A. COCKERELL. 

AN EARLY BUTTERFLY. As evidences of the extraordinary mildness 
of the season hereabouts friends have been bringing or sending to the 
Ledger office during the past week or two dandelion flowers, pansy or 
heartsease blossoms, and other floral specimens gathered outdoors in 
sunny nooks and sheltered places. On Monday, Jan. 23, 1894, these 
treasures and harbingers of Spring were pleasantly added to by a live and 
healthy specimen of the pretty yellow butterfly of the species which is so 
well known to everyone, and which forms the finishing touches to every 
pastoral scene. This golden specimen of butterfly down was found flut- 
tering happily about the regions pf Seventh and .Market Streets, and was 
brought to the Ledger office and given the freedom of the editorial rooms. 
Public Ledger. 

THE SILK SPIDER of Madagascar forms the subject of an interesting 
.article in Die Natnr, by Dr. Karl Mulk-r. Its native name is Halabe, 
meaning great spider. 'This Halabe, or Mepliiia niadayascariensis, 
spins threads of a golden color, anil strong enough, according to Main- 
droin, to hang a cork helmet by. The female spider may attain a length 
of 15 cm., while the male does not exceed 3 cm. A single female indi- 
vidual, at the breeding season, gave M. Cambone, a French missionary, 
some 3000 m. of a tine silken thread during a period of about 27 days. 
The thread was examined with a view to creating a new industry. Small 
textures woven of these threads are actually used by the natives for fas- 
tening flowers on sunshades and for other purposes." Public Ledger. 



8o ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

IN the NEWS for October, 1893, p. 270, we reprinted from the " Zoolog- 
ischer Anzeiger, " a new classification of the Tracheate Arthropods pro- 
posed by Mr. R. I. Pocock. In "Nature" for Dec. 7, 1893, Mr. Pocock 
states that Dr. E. Haase has informed him that in Scolopendrella the 
generative openings "are situated on the fourth body-segment. This 
genus is therefore progoneate, like the Dilopoda and Pauropoda ; but 
whether it should be ranged with these two classes, or occupy an inde- 
pendent position between the Progoneata and Opisthogoneata, is a ques- 
tion for future discussion." Owing to our not receiving the proof of the 
note in the October NEWS, certain errors are contained in it which we 
take this opportunity to correct: line 6, for " Pauropod," read "Pauro- 
poda;" line 7, for "aimple," read "simple;" line 15, for "a," read "aa;" 
line 17, for " B," read "bb." 

IN an article on the correct name of the Milk-weed butterfly, published 
in the " Entomologist's Record" for January isth, Mr. F. J. Buckell comes 
to the conclusion that it should be Anosia archippus. 

INTERESTING FOSSIL INSECTS. Dr. S. H. Scudder, from Paris, Dec. 
2, 1893, contributes a brief article on "The Carboniferous Insects of 
Commentry, France," to "The American Journal of Science" for February, 
1894. He states that he has recently had the opportunity of seeing a 
considerable part of a collection of fossil insects from the Upper Carbon- 
iferous of Commentry, in Central France, and also the illustrations pre- 
pared by M. Charles Brongniart, of the Paris Museum, to portray these 
remains. When M. Brongniart's work appears, "our knowledge of 
paleozoic insects will have been increased three- or four-fold at a single 
stroke and an entirely new point of departure for the future opened. No 
former contribution in this field can in any way compare with it, nor even 
all former contributions taken together. Besides, it will offer such a 
striking series of strange forms as cannot fail to awaken the attention of 
the least curious. One may not enter into details, but mention may simply 
be made of one species, regarded by M. Brongniart as one of the fore- 
runners of the dragonflies, in which the wings have an expanse of con- 
siderably more than two feet (or about seventy centimeters), and of which 
several specimens are preserved. It is a veritable giant among insects." 

TRANSACTIONS of American Entomological Society, vol. xxi, 1894. 
No. i, in press, containing the following articles: Catalogue of the Cole- 
optera of Alaska, with synonymy and distribution, by John Hamilton, M.D.; 
Descriptions of new genera and species of Noctuidae, byj. B. Smith; 6 pis. 

Identification of Insects (Imagos) for Subscribers. 

Specimens will be named under the following conditions: ist, The number of species 
to be limited to twenty-five for each sending ; 2d, The sender to pay all expenses of trans- 
portation and the insects to become the property of the American Entomological Society ; 
3d, Each specimen must have a number attached so that the identification may be an- 
nounced accordingly. Exotic species named only by special arrangement with the Editor, 
who should be consulted before specimens are sent. Send a 2 cent stamp with all insects 
for return of names.. Before sending insects for identification, read page 41, Vol. Ill, 
Address all packages to ENTOMOLOGICAL XKWS, Academy Natural Sciences, Logan 
Square, Philadelphia, Pa. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 8 1 

Entomological Literature. 



SCIENCE. New York, Dec. 29, 1893. A new mite infecting mush- 
rooms, H. Osborn, figs. Jan. 19, 1894. Another rope of maggots, \Y. 
H. Ward. 

ANNALES DBS SCIENCES NATURELLES. ZOOLOGIE (7), xv, 6. Paris, 
Dec. i, 1893. Note on the existence in Senegal of a new species of Pro- 
sopistoma, A Veyssiere, figs. 

ZOOLOGISCHER ANZEiGER. Leipsic, Dec. 27, 1893. On Chordeuma 
gennanicum mihi (Diplopoda), C. Verhoeff. Preliminary communication 
on new observations on the intercalated stage of the Julidae, a new 
grouping of the old genus Julus and some new and rare Diplopods from 
Tyrol, id. Jan. 22, 1894. Preliminary note on the spermatogenesis of 
/,'nniby.v niori, K. T. Nogakushi. 

ANNALES DE LA SOCIETE ENTOMOLOGIQUE DE BELGIQUE, xxxvii, 12. 
Brussels, 1893. Note on the Attini, A. Forel. 

BlHANG TILL KoNGL. SVENSKA VETENSKAPS-AKADEMIENS HAND- 

LINGAR, xviii, iv Afcl. Stockholm, 1893. [On nerve endings and fine 
capillaries in epithelium of lepidopterous larva? in Swedish], E. Holm- 
gren, i pi 

FLOWERS AND INSECTS xi, by Charles Robertson. Extract: Botanical 
Gazette, xviii, pp. 268-274. July, 1893. 

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL AND SYNONYMICAL CATALOGUE OF THE DESCRIBED 
MEMBRACID^E OF NORTH AMERICA. By F. W. Coding, M.D., Ph.D. 
From Bull. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist. vol. ?, pp. 391-482. Date? 

THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES 
(2), viii, i. Sydney, July 28, 1893. On the life-histories of Australian 
Coleoptera, part i, W. W. Froggatt. Revision of the Australian Amaryg- 
mides, part ii the genera Chalccpterus (cont.) and Amarygmus, Rev. T. 
Blackburn. 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF VICTORIA (n. s.), V. Mel- 
bourne, May, 1893. Further notes on ,the oviparity of the larger Victo- 
rian Peripatus, generally known as P. Leitcfcartii, A Dendy, D.Sc. 

THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. London, Janu- 
ary, 1894. The endosternite of Scorpio compared with the homologous 
structures in other Araclmida, H. M. Bernard, i pi. On the Elateridae of 
Japan, G. Lewis. 

COMPTE RENDU. SOCIETE PHILOMATHIQUE DE PARIS, Dec. 24, 1893. 
Tracheae and tracheal respiration, J. Martin. 

THE OTTAWA NATURALIST, January, 1894. Hymenoptera Phytophaga, 
1893, W. H. Harrington. 



82 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

REVUE BIOLOGIQUE DU NORD DE LA FRANCE, vi, 3. Lille, December, 
1893. New species of Thysanura found in the grotto of Dargilan, R. 
Moniez. 

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. London, Ont., January, 1894. De- 
scription of the preparatory stages of Phyciodes carlota Reakirt ( C/iaii- 
dryas isnieria Scudder), W. H. Edwards. Note on Copidryas platensis, 
A. R. Grote. An entomological trip to Copper Cliff, Ont., \V. H. Har- 
rington. Some undescribed stages of Noctuid larvae, H. G. Dyar. The 
mottled umber moth (Hibernia defoliaria L.), J. Fletcher, figs. Descrip- 
tions of two new Hymenopterous parasites from water-beetles, W. H. 
Ashmead. February, 1894. A check-list of the Nearctic Coccidae, T. D. 
A. Cockerell. Notes on Coleoptera, C. VV. Stromberg. Notes upon 
Lyctzna exilis Boisd., with descriptions of some of its early stages, \V. 
H. Edwards. On some aquatic larvae, with notice of their parasites, H. 

F. Wickham. Descriptions of the larvae of certain Tenthredinidas, H. 

G. Dyar. Food-plants of some California!! Lepidoptera, J. B. Lembert. 
The genera Pieris Schrk. and Euchloe Hb., J. W. Tutt, figs. Addi- 
tions to the list of Canadian Coleoptera, ii, A. H. Kilman. A very re- 
markable and anomalous Syrphid with peculiarly developed hind tarsi, 
C. H. T. Townsend, figs. 

DEUTSCHE ENTOMOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT IRIS, vi, 2. Berlin, Jan. 3, 
1894. The macrolepidoptera of the vicinity of Dresden, H. Steinert and 
K. Zeidler. Revision of the first group of the genus Heliconius, G. 
Weymer, 2 pis. 

THE LOCUSTID^E AND BLATTID.E OF INDIANA. By W. S. Blatchley. 
Extract: Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 1892, pp. 92-165. Terre Haute, Ind., 1893. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD. London, Jan. 15, 1894. Danais 
atrhippus, Anosia plexippus, or What ?, F. J. Buckell. Hair tufts and 
androconia in Eustroma reticuldta, T. A. Chapman, M.D. Notes on Dr. 
Buckell's paper on classification, W. F. Kirby. On an additional method 
for determining the species of Lepidoptera [by the scales], W. S. Riding, 
M.D. On the larva of Arctia caja (cont.), T. A. Chapman, M.D. 

SPECIES DES HYMENOPTERES D'EUROPE ET D'ALGERIE. Fonde" par 
Edmond Andre" et continud sous la direction scientifique de Ernest Andre. 
436 fascicule. Gray: Bouffaut Freres. July i, 1893. Pp. 137-240, Vol. 
Y ( Braconidae, cont.). 446 fascicule, Oct. i, 1893. Pp. 209-272, pis. iii, 
v, vi, xi. Vol. VI (Chrysididae, cont.). 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILA- 
DELPHIA, 1893. The Odonate genus Ortho/estes, P. P. Calvert, figs. 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATURAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION OF STATEN 
ISLAND, iv, 3. Jan. 13, 1894. Staten Island Harvest rlies, \V. T. Davis. 

BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE LINNEENNE DU NORD DE LA FRANCE, xi, 
257. Amiens, November, 1893. Theory of the parasitism of insects, L. 
Carpentier. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 83 

BIOLOGISCHES CENTRALBLATT. Erlangen, Jan. i, 1894. On the origin 
of the social life among Hymenoptera, C. Emery. Jan. 15, 1894. The 
origin and formation of the worker stage among ants, C. Emery. On 
the morphology, biology and pathology of the " Nonne" \_Psilura mo- 
nachal, E. VVasmann. 

ZooLOGiscHEjAHRBUCHER, vii, 4. Jena, Dec. 23, 1893. Contributions 
to the knowledge of the North American Ant fauna, C. Emery, i pi. 

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFTLICHE ZOOLOGIE, Ivii, 2. Leipsic, 
Dec. 31, 1893. Contributions to the knowledge of the colors of Insects' 
scales: i. Lepidoptera, 2. Coleoptera, F. Urech. 

THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. Philadelphia, January, 1894. Courtship 
among the flies, J. M. Aldrich. 

PSYCHE. Cambridge, Mass., February, 1894. The habits of the acu- 
leate Hymenoptera, i, \Y. H. Ashmead. New and undescribed genera 
and species of West African Noctuidae, ii, W. J. Holland, figs., i pi. 
Hermann August Hagen, Eds. Wilhelm Julich, T. L. C. 

MlTTHEILUNGEN DER SCHWE1ZERISCHEN ENTOMOLOGISCHEN GESELL- 

SCHAFT, ix, i. Schaffhausen, 1893. Contributions to the knowledge of 
the Hymenopterous fauna of Switzerland, T. Steck. List of Lepidoptera 
taken at electric lights in Bern from May to October, 1892, R. Benteli. 
Coleoptera helvetica, pp. 321-352, Dr. G. Stierlin. 

TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, xx, 4. 
Philadelphia, Oct. -Dec. , 1893. Notes on Bees, with descriptions of new 
species, C. Robertson. Notes and descriptions of Pselaphidae, with 
remarks on the Scydmaenidse, E. Brendel, M.D., i pi. A synopsis of 
the Harvest-Spiders (Phalangiidae) of South Dakota, C. M. Weed, i pi. 
The Cosmetidae of the United States, id., i pi. Seventh contribution to 
a knowledge of certain little-known Aphididae, id., i pi. The ento- 
mology of the mid-alpine zone of Custer County, Colo., T. D. A. Cock- 
erel!. 

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE (3), xlvii, 278. New Haven, 
February, 1894. The Carboniferous Insects of Commentry, France, S. 
H. Scutlder. 

CORNELL UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Bul- 
letin 61. Ithaca, N. V., December, 1893. The pear-leaf blister i /Viytofi- 
tus pyri], M. V. Slingerland. 

THE KANSAS UNIVERSITY QUARTERLY, ii, 3. Lawrence, Kans., Jan- 
uary, 1894. New genera and species of Dolichopodidte, I. M. Aldrich. 
Descriptions of North American Trypetidx, with notes, W. A. Snow, 2 pis. 

TWENTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 
OF ONTARIO, 1893. Toronto, :<S94. Injurious insects of the year, J. 
Fletcher, figs. Annual address of the president, \V. H. Harrington, figs. 
Entomological mistakes of authors, Rev. T. \V. Fyles. The season of 



84 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

1893, id., figs. Mosquitoes, J. A. Moffat, figs. Canadian Uroceridae, W. 
H. Harrington. Additional notes on Japanese insects, id. Notes and 
queries, Rev. W. J. Holland, figs. The Dragonfly, T. J. MacLaughlin, 
figs. The song of Thyreonotus, W. T. Davis. Notes on some of the 
more important entomological exhibits at the Chicago Exhibition, J. 
Fletcher. A contrasted summary of the main external characters of 
Butterflies in their different stages of life, S. H. Scudder. Some of the 
papers read at the last meeting of the Economic Entomologists are here 
reprinted, for a full list of which, see ENT. NEWS for February, p. 52, 
under " Insect Life." 

THE FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT 
STATION OF THE STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Fort Collins, Colo., 
for the year 1892. 1894. Report of the section of Entomology, C. P. 
Gillette. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST. London, February, 1894. On an unusual num- 
ber of monstrosities occurring in Eros (Platycis) minutus F., J. W. Shipp. 
On the vertical distribution of the British Lepidoptera (concl), W. H. 
Bath. A catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Ireland (cont.), W. F. de V. 
Kane. Remarks on certain genera of Coccidae, W. M. Maskell. Notes 
on the synonomy of Noctuid moths (cont.), A. G. Butler. Protective 
resemblances in S. American insects, W. C. Mit. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE. London, February, 1894. 
-Notes on some British and exotic Coccidse (No. 27), J. W. Douglas. 
Additions and corrections to the list of British aculeate Hymenoptera, E. 
Saunders. Grease, R. Freer. Notes on the earlier stages of the Nepti- 
culae (cont), J. H. Wood. 



NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN INSECTS DESCRIBED 
IN THE PRECEDING LITERATURE. 



ACARINA. 

Tyroglyphus lintneri Osborn, Science, xxii, p. 360. N. Y. ? 

COLEOPTERA. 

Pselaphidce, Scydmaenidae: n. spp. U. S., Brendel, Trans. Am. Ent. 
Soc. xx, pp. 277-284. 

DIPTERA. 
Dolichopodidaj: n. gen. et spp. U. S., Aldrich, Kans. Univ. Quart, ii, 

pp. 151-157. 
Trypetidte: n. gen. et spp. U. S., Snow, Kans. Univ. Quart, ii, pp. 159- 

174, pis. vi, vii. 
Syrphidaa: Calotarsa n. gen. Townsend, Can. Ent. xxvi, p. 50. Type 

C. ornatipes, p. 5 2 , fi g' s -> IH - 

HEM1PTERA. 
Membracidar. n. gen. et. spp. U. S., Coding (see ante). 



1 894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 85 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Gausocentrus gyrini Ashm'ead, Can. Ent. xxvi, p. 25, la. Cyrtogaster 
dineuiis, p. 26, la. 

Fermicidae: n. spp. U. S., Emery, Zool. Jahrb. vii, pp. 633-681. 
Apidce: n. spp. U. S., Robertson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xx, pp. 273-276. 
Monostegia quercus-coccinece Dyar, Can. Ent. xxvi, p. 42, Mass. 

ODONATA. 

Ortholestes abbotti Calvert, Proc. Ac. N. S. Phila. 1893, p. 382, fig. 3, 
Hayti. 

ORTHOPTERA. 
CeuMop/ri/us/atisH/cusR\atch\ey, Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., 1892, p. 146, Ind. 



The Entomological Section 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS. 



JANUARY 25, 1894. 

A regular stated meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences was held in the Hall, S. W. cor. Nineteenth and Race 
Streets, this evening, Dr. G. H. Horn, Director, presiding. Members 
present: Liebeck, Seiss, Calvert, Ridings and Skinner. Associates: Fox, 
Boerner and Dr. Griffith. Mr. Calvert spoke of the work by Prof. Corn- 
stock on evolution and taxonomy, and read passages therefrom. The 
only previous work of any moment on this subject and relating specially to 
wing structure was that of Redenbacher, written in 1886. Redenbacher's 
views on the primitive structure of the wing were given by the speaker. 
The views of Prof. Comstock on this subject were also given and explained 
by the aid of blackboard sketches. Reference was made to the neuration 
of dragonflies, and comparisons made with the wing structure of some of 
the other orders. Dr. Horn considered the methods pointed out by Prof. 
Comstock as the proper way to study. The question should always be 
asked oneself when any new anatomical structure is found, why is it ? what 
does it mean ? Mr. Calvert exhibited a Coleopterous larva; collected last 
September in a small stream in Delaware County, under and clinging to 
stones. At first glance it appeared to be an Isopod crustacean, but Mr. 
Liebeck had identified it as a Parnid larva, Dryops sp. Specimens were 
also taken by Mr. Moore at West Spring Hill, Delaware County, Pa. Dr. 
Horn stated that the larva had been actually described as a crustacean. 

FEBRUARY 15, 1894. 

Meeting held this evening, Dr. Horn, Director, presiding. Members 
present: Laurent, Seiss, Skinner, Ridings, Johnson, Calvert, Liebeck. 
Associates : Fox, Nell. The Publication Committee reported in favor of 
publishing the following paper in the Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.: " A Prelimi- 



86 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

nary view of the Lepidopterous Family Notodontidae," by B. Neumoegen 
and H. G. Dyar. Mr. Calvert stated that in studying the genera of dragon- 
flies he had been led to investigate the value of photography as a means 
of illustrating the neuration. He put the specimens in an ordinary 
spreading board and put the blue print paper beneath the wings and 
placed glass slips over the wings and placed them in the sun. This gave 
a print with the veins in white and a blue back ground. He then went 
over the white veins with India ink and then dissolved the blue back 
ground with sodium carbonate, and this gave the neuration black on a 
white back ground. The method was not as satisfactory as could have 
been wished on account of the smallness of the printed parts, which, of 
course, were only as large as the original wings. The results of the ex- 
periments were shown by aid of specimen prints. Dr. Horn said that 
some time in the near future he intended to present some thoughts on the 
family Meloidae, and said he took exception to the present classification 
of the Meloiini, which he considered unnatural. Mr. Fox called attention 
to a specimen of Stizns uniciiicfus which he exhibited. It lacked the 
usual red band on abdomen which is possessed by the normal form. 



The following papers were read and accepted by the Committee for 
publication in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS : 

STUDIES AMONG THE FOSSORIAL HYMENOPTERA.-I. 

Synopsis of the North American Species of Alyson. 
By WILLIAM J. Fox. 

ALYSON J urine. 

Alyson Jur., Nouvelle Me"thode, 195, 1806; Handlirsch, Sitzb. Akad. \Yiss., 
Wien, Math.-naturw. classe, xcvi, p. 235. 

FEMALES. 

'i. Median area of metanotum triangular 5. 

Median area of metanotum semielliptical, or U-shaped 2. 

2. Thorax black 3- 

Thorax red; legs, except hind tibia; red melleus. 

3. Abdomen not at all red 4- 

Abdomen on two basal segments red; median enclosure of metanotuni 

coarsely reticulated, the posterior face of metathorax when viewed 
from behind is bidentate laterally oppositus. 

4. Enclosure on metanotum at the base nearly as broad as it is long, am! 

enclosing seven or eight distinct, longitudinal, radiating ridges; 

clypeus entirely yellow; wings subfuscous radiatus. 

Enclosure on metanotum decidedly longer than it is broad at the base, 
irregularly and rather finely rugose; clypeus with a dark blotch in the 
middle; wings, except the usual fuscous cloud, subhyaline. COllicu*. 

5. Abdomen black; clypeus, and greater part of legs, black . (juignardi 
Abdomen on two basal segments red; clypeus yellow; legs fulvous. 

trianguliferus. 



I894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 87 

MALES. 

1. Median area of metanotum triangular 

Median area of metanotum semielliptical, or y-shaped . 

2. Within the median area the metanotum is coarsely reticulated 
Within the median area the metanotum is not at all reticulated 4. 

3. Legs and clypeus black . oppositus. 

Legs, except hind tibia, fulvous; clypeus yellow . . mellens. 

4. Area of metanotum enclosing numerous distinct, radiating ridges: cly- 

peus and flagellum beneath, yellow radiatus. 

Area of metanotum finely rugose, with two diverging, central, longi- 
tudinal ridges; clypeus yellow, black medially; flagellum testace- 
ous beneath conicus. 

5. Median area of metanotum exactly triangular, without a transverse 

ridge before the apex; legs fulvous, the four anterior coxa? yellow. 

trianguliferus. 

Median area of metanotum with a transverse ridge before apex, which 
gives the area the appearance of being semielliptical . . . 

6. Mesopleurae punctured throughout guignardii. 

Mesopleura; on lower portion coarsely striated striatus. 

1. Alyson oppositus Say. 

A. oppositus Say, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist, i, p: 380, ^ 9 ; Packard, 

Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. vi, p. 421. 
Occurs from Canada to Virginia; Colorado. 

2. Alyson melleus Say. 

A. melleus Say, 1. c. p. 380. $ ; Provancher, Add. Hym. Quebec, 

p. 270, $cT, December, 1887. 

Canada to Mexico; Illinois. The credit for describing the 
of this species should be given to Provancher, whose description 
appeared in December, 1887, while that of Handlirsch, who also 
describes a apparently for the first time, did not appear until 
early in 1888. 

3. Alysoa radiatus n. sp. 

9. Black; scape beneath, clypeus, spot between insertion of antenna-, 
inner orbits reaching beyond middle of the eye, mandibles except tips 
and extreme base, and the anterior legs in front, yellow; the anterior coxa? 
and trochantrrs arc black on basal portion; four hind tibia-, tarsi and tips 
of femora reddish testaceous macuke; on second segment white-; \\ings 
subfuscous or dark subhyaline, the usual cloud in the vicinity of the mar- 
ginal and submarginal cells very faint; stigma pale testaceous, the ner- 
vures much darker. Front finely and closely, yet distinctly punctured, 
the vertex perhaps more distinctly so; anterior margin of clypeus indis- 
tinctly bidentate medially; first joint of llig.-llum not more than one-tilth 
longer than the second; dorsulum and scutellum finely and rather closely 



88 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

punctured, the latter distinctly impressed; enclosure of metathorax nearly 
as broad at the base as it is long, and with numerous strong, radiating 
ridges; outside of this enclosure the metathorax is coarsely rugose, except 
on the metapleurae ; abdomen shining, the first two dorsal segments 
scarcely punctured. Length 7 mm. 

cf . Antennae beneath, four hind tibiae and tarsi in front and the parts 
mentioned in the description of the 9, yellow; wings subhyaline; first 
joint of flagellum decidedly shorter than the second, which is in turn 
slightly shorter than the third, last joint curved. Length 7 mm. 

Nevada, Colorado. The form and sculpture of the enclosure 
of metanotum will distinguish it. 

4. Alyson conicus Prov. 

A. conicus Prov., 1. c. p. 271, $. 

cf . Black; inner orbits as far as centre of front, scape and pedicellum 
beneath, mandibles except tips, clypeus, except spot in middle (some" 
times the clypeus is entirely black), apex of anterior coxse, as well as the 
fore femora and tibiae in front, yellow; four posterior tibiae, tarsi and apex 
of femora testaceous; flagellum beneath obscurely testaceous; wings sub- 
hyaline, iridescent, nervures and stigma testaceous; first joint of flagel- 
lum but little more than half as long as the second, which is in turn 
slightly shorter than the third; front finely and closely punctured, strongly 
impressed medially ; scutellum impressed ; metathorax bluish, the en- 
closure shorter than in the 9 ; abdomen shining, first two dorsal segments 
impunctate. Length 5.5 mm. 

Canada. One $ specimen has the flagellum yellowish be- 
neath. 

5. Alyson guignardii Prov. 

A. guignardii Prov., 1. c. p. 271, ?(j\ 
Canada; Illinois. 

6. Alyson striatus n. sp. 

tf. Black; scape beneath, clypeus entirely, sides of face, inner orbits 
as far as centre of front, mandibles except tips, two spots on prothorax 
above and apical portion of anterior coxae, yellow; legs yellow-testaceous, 
or pale-yellow, flagellum brownish beneath; maculae on second segment 
white, transversely elongate; wings subhyaline, iridescent, nervures testa- 
ceous; the head, thorax and abdomen is clothed with a rather conspicu- 
ous, oppressed pubescence. Anterior margin of clypeus slightly incurved ; 
front finely and closely punctured, strongly impressed medially; first joint 
of flagellum but little more than half as long as the second, this latter 
joint fully as long or slightly longer than the third; last joint curved as 
usual; dorsulum and scutellum with tolerably fine and close punctures, 
the scutellum not impressed; enclosure on metanotum triangular, with a 
strong transverse ridge before the apex, which gives it the appearance of 
being semiellipliY, within the enclosure there are two strong, longitudi- 



ENT. NEWS, Vol. V. 



PI. III. 







See page f-g. 



AFRICAN HESPERIID/E Holhuul. 



I&94-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 89 

-nally diverging carinse; with exception of the space between these carince 
and the metapleurse, the metathorax is coarsely rugose; the mesopleuru.- 
on lower portion with coarse, longitudinal striations; abdomen with the 
last segment reddish. Length 7 mm. 

District of Columbia. Easily distinguished by the striated 
mesopleurse. 

7. Alyson trianguliferus Prov. 

A. triangulifer Prov., 1. c. p. 272, <$. 

9. Black; first and second abdominal segments red; mandibles, ex- 
cept tips, clypeus, orbits as far as middle of front, scape, first two or three 
joints of flagellum beneath and tubercles, yellow; legs entirely fulvous, 
the anterior pertaining to yellowish; front finely and evenly punctured, 
vertex likewise; first joint of flagellum, if anything, a little longer than 
the second ; prothorax and dorsulum with fine and close, but distinct 
punctures, the prothorax on sides indistinctly striated; scutellum not im- 
pressed, the suture which separates it from the dorsulum strongly foveo- 
lated ; enclosure on metanotum almost exactly triangular, within with 
somewhat irregular ridges, posterior face of metathorax rugose; wings 
subhyaline, iridescent, with a fuscous cloud in the vicinity of the marginal 
and submarginal cells; the abdomen, especially beneath, is clothed with 
long, sparse, dark hairs. Length 7-8 mm. 

Massachusetts, Virginia, Illinois. Resembles the 9 of opposi- 
tus, but the shape of metanotal enclosure will distinguish it as 
well as the color of legs. 

o 

SOME NEW AND LITTLE-KNOWN AFRICAN HESPERIID/E. 

By W. J. HOLLAND, Ph.D., D. D., F. Z. S., etc. 

The species described and figured in the following paper are 
represented in my own collection by the types, or by authenti- 
cally determined specimens. The figure of Tagiades dannatti 
Ehrmann, recently described in the pages of the ENTOMOLOGICAL 
NEWS, is represented by a drawing which I have carefully made 
from the type. I am inclined to think that this species is iden- 
tical with T. lacteus Mab., described in the Bulletin of the Ento- 
mological Society of France, ser. 5, vol. vii, p. xxxix. The 
description given by Mons. Mabille tallies well with the insect 
figured, save in one or two minor particulars. Cal&norhinn* 
afratus Mab., C. illustris Mab., and C. interniplaga Mab:, 
which were described a couple of years ago by Mons. Mabilk- in 
the " Comptes Rendus," of the Belgian Entomological Society, 
being there referred to the genus Pardaleodes, are known to me 



9Q ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

by the types, which I saw in the possession of Mons. Mabille 
upon the occasion of my last visit to Paris. While I did not have 
specimens of these species with me at the time for purposes of 
comparison, the insects before me agree so well with the descrip- 
tions given by Mons. Mabille, and with the hasty pen and ink 
outlines I drew at the time, that I am quite confident that there 
is no error in the determinations given. Celcenorhiniis collncens 
mini, I had determined as C. (Pardaleodes} lucens Mab., but my 
good friend. Dr. Scudder, who recently did me the great kind- 
ness of comparing a set of drawings of some of the Hesperiicke 
in my collection with those contained in the collection of Mons. 
Mabille and other great European collections, assures me that 
my species, while very near C. lucens Mab., is manifestly distinct, 
the mesial band on the primaries being much broader in C. lucens 
than in my species. 

I hope shortly to be able to publish a revision of the Hes- 
periidae of Africa and the adjacent islands, and for this purpose 
am having drawings made of the types of the hitherto unfigured 
species which are contained in the museums of Europe. The 
work is one of some magnitude, and is attended with considerable 
expense, but will prove a great boon to working naturalists, 
unless I am greatly mistaken. 

CEL2ENORHINUS, Hiibn. 

i. C. collucens sp. nov. tf. Allied to C. lucens Mab., MS? The upper 
side of the head, thorax, and abdomen is fuscous, clothed with olivar eous- 
green hairs. The lowerside of the thorax and abdomen are much paler. 
The palpi on the lower side are ochraceous. The antenna?, which are 
blackish, are marked with ochraceous on the underside at the tip and 
just after the club. The primaries are dark brown clothed with greenish 
olivaceous hairs at the base. They are traversed by a broad translucent 
mesial band of bright waxen-yellow, on the costa and near the outer 
angle showing bright lemon. This band is somewhat regularly indented 
on the innerside and very irregularly indented on the outer margin. In 
addition, there are three large, translucent, subapical spots. The secon- 
daries are dark brown or blackish, heavily clothed with greenish hairs at 
the base, and with a few patches of similar hairs beyond the cell. Upon 
the outer margin, just below the outer angle, is a broad lemon-yellow 
spot. On the underside the ground color of both wings is much paler. 
The markings of the primaries reappear on this side, and, in addition, the 
costa near the base is yellowish. The secondaries are without the large 
lemon-yellow spot near the outer angle, and are slightly clouded with 
darker brown. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. QI 

9. The female is much like the male, but larger, and on the secon- 
daries has the large yellow spot replaced by two or three small circular 
spots. These spots reappear indistinctly upon the underside. Expanse: 
rj\ 38-40 mm.; $, 45 mm. 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

OSMODES Wats. 

2. 0. (?) fan* sp. nov. cJ'. Upperside of palpi, head, thorax and 
abdomen dark brown; lowerside of thorax and abdomen slightly paler 
brown; legs blackish; the underside of the palpi at the base whitish. The 
primaries on the upperside are black, crossed from the costa to the sub- 
median nerve by a broad orange-red mesial band, irregularly dentate 
inwardly, and irregularly angulated and indented outwardly. The secon- 
daries on the upperside are dark brown or blackish. The primaries on 
the underside are as on the upperside, save that the mesial band shades 
into creamy white in the neighborhood of the submedian nerve, and there 
are two small white subapical dots near the costa, and another small 
white dot between the second and third median nervules near the outer 
margin. The secondaries upon the lowerside are dark fuscous, clouded 
with darker brown transverse bands and subapical spots. Expanse 30 mm. 

This beautiful species is allied to O.f vibius Hew. The single 
specimen in my collection is from the Bule country, one hundred 
miles back from the coast at Great Batanga, in a region about 
1800 feet above the level of the sea. 

PARNARA Moore. 

3. P. (?) picaninif sp. nov. <$. Upperside of head, thorax and abdomen 
black; lowerside of palpi and pectus broadly white; femora and adjacent 
parts of thorax grayish; legs black ; lowerside of abdomen blackish. 
The primaries on the upperside are black. There are some olivaceous 
hairs at the base. The inner margin at the base is narrowly edged with 
pale grayish hairs. Just above the outer extremity of this pale streak is 
a small linear white translucent spot. At the end of the cell are two 
similar translucent linear spots, and below the cell at the origin of the 
second median nervule a curved narrow elongated translucent white spot. 
There are three small translucent submarginal spots nearer the cell than 
the margin, two of them approximating each other, located one on either 
side of the third median nervule near its origin. The uppermost ol the 
three is located beyond the end of the cell. The secondaries are black 
on the upperside, like the primaries, with a grayish ray extending from 
the base for a short distance along the submedian nerve. There is a 
transverse macular hand beyond the cell, consisting of three or tour spots, 
the two outer spots being pure white, the inner spots being obscured by 
grayish hair. There are one or two small obscure spots near the anal 

* Fan = Notnen iribits A/ricanie. 

f Xomen puelli apud Africanos in America, nouH*i>n]U<iiu rtiain in Africa, hal<Hante.- . 



92 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

angle. On the underside the primaries are marked as on the upperside, 
but the spot near the submedian nervule is transformed into a somewhat 
vaguely defined elongated ray, and there is a very narrow white line 
bordering the cell on its upperside at the base. The secondaries on the 
lowerside are marked by a broad, white, transverse band, irregularly 
dentate outwardly, and interrupted in the region of the submedian nerve. 
Expanse 28 mm. 

The type, which is unique, was taken by Dr. Good in Liberia. 

4. P. mabea sp. nov. <j\ Upperside of head, thorax and abdomen 
dark brown; lower side of thorax and abdomen dark brown, covered 
with grayish hairs; legs concolorous. The primaries on the upperside 
are dark brown, marked by eight translucent spots, two above each other 
at the end of the cell; a triangular silvery white spot, with its base resting 
upon the middle of the submedian nerve; a larger subquadrate spot 
between the first and second median nervules, with its outer lower angle 
produced toward the margin; a smaller subquadrate spot between the 
second and the third median nervules, and three small subapical spots 
arranged in a curved series below the costa. The secondaries on the 
upperside are dark brown with two elliptical translucent white spots 
beyond the cell separated by the second median nervule. On the under- 
side the primaries are slightly paler than on the upperside, with the region 
of the cell darker than the remainder of the wing. The spots of the 
upperside reappear on the underside. The secondaries are dark fuscous, 
inclining slightly to reddish on the lowerside; and in addition to the two 
elliptical spots, which appear on the upperside, there is a circular white 
spot at the end of the cell, and a somewhat smaller spot before the outer 
angle midway between the margin and the cell. Expanse 32 mm. 

This species is represented in my collection by a single speci- 
men coming from the valley of the Ogove. 

5. P. batamjae sp. nov. tf. Closely allied to P. picanini, but much larger, 
and without the basal streak on the inner margin of the primaries, and 
with the outer margin of the primaries not as deeply excavated before the 
inner angle, as in that species. On the underside the primaries are much 
as in P. picanini, but the secondaries on the underside are wholly differ- 
ent, being light gray clouded, with very pale fuscous in the region of the 
anal angle, with the fringes very pale fuscous inclining to whitish. The 
wing is marked by an irregularly curved series of pale whitish spots, two 
at the end of the cell, four composing a transverse series, the two outer- 
most being small, located on either side of the second median nervule 
near its origin, the third, and largest, being separated from the fourth, 
which is small and linear, by the submedian nerve. Expanse 32 mm. 

Hab. Batanga, German West Africa. 

* Mabea = Noinen gent is Africanm. 



IS94-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 93 

6. P. argyrodes sp. nov. $. The upperside of the thorax and abdomen 
dark brown, clothed lightly with grayish hairs at the insertion of the 
wings. On the underside the thorax and abdomen are dark brown. The 
legs are concolorous. The primaries on the upperside are black, marked 
by a subquadrate spot at the end of the cell constricted near the middle. 
There are three subquadrate spots on the median interspaces beyond the 
cell regularly diminishing in size toward the apex, and two or three mi- 
nute subapical spots forming a curved series near the costa. The secon- 
daries on the upperside are black with two minute and obscure spots 
beyond the end of the cell, the inner fold of the wing near the base being 
clothed with grayish green hairs. On the underside the primaries are 
dark brown, becoming paler toward the outer margin, and slightly laved 
with purplish brown. The spots of the upperside reappear, and in addi- 
tion there is a whitish spot above the submedian nerve. The secondaries 
are dark brown tinged with purplish on the euter margin and having the 
fringes very pale fuscous. The middle of the wing is traversed by a some- 
what irregularly curved series of four silvery spots, the innermost of which 
is the largest. Expanse 30 mm. 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

7. P. leilCOphaea sp. nov. $. Upperside of head, thorax and abdomen 
black; lowerside of palpi inclining to ochraceous; lowerside of thorax and 
abdomen grayish; legs concolorous. The primaries on the upperside are 
black, margined with glaucous hairs on the inner margin at the base. 
There are two round spots at the end of the cell: three forming a median 
series beyond the cell, the lower spot on the submedian nerve being small, 
quadrate, silvery white; the second and third on the middle interspaces, 
the second the largest. In addition there are three subapical spots form- 
ing a curved series near the costa. The secondaries on the upperside are 
black withtwo oval white spots, one on either side of the second median 
near its origin, the uppermost being the largest. The fringes at the anal 
angle are broadly white. On the underside the primaries are marked 
much as on the upperside, but the spots are not so sharply defined as on 
that side. The secondaries are blackish. There is a small white spot at 
the end of the cell, and three similar small spots forming a transverse 
series beyond the cell. These spots are bordered with blackish. The 
outer third of the wing toward the anal angle is washed with bluish gray, 
upon which the nervules, which are dark, stand out distinctly. The 
fringes at the anal angle are broadly white, and the white color of the 
fringe runs inwardly as a whitish ray along the submedian nervule. 

9 . The female is marked like the male, but the secondaries are more- 
broadly whitish at the anal angle, and have, in addition, a white spot an- 
nulated with dark brown beyond the end of the cell near the outer angle. 
Expanse: <j\ 30 mm.; 9, 34 mm - 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

Mons. Mabille, to whom I showed the type, declared the spe- 



94 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

cies to be unknown to him. It is not found in the British Mu- 
seum. In some respects it is closely allied to P. indusiata Mab. , 
but totally distinct. 

S. P. (?) subuotata sp. nov. -j\ Upperside of thorax and abdomen 
fuscous; lowerside of thorax and abdomen fuscous, inclining to ochra- 
ceous; lowerside of palpi whitish; legs fuscous. The primaries on the 
upperside are dark brown. There is a small spot at the lower angle of 
the cell at its end. There are three spots forming a median series, the 
lower most white, subtnangular, and opaque, resting on the submedian 
nerve about its middle. The second, which is the largest and subquad- 
rate, is located just below the spot at the end oi the cell. Above it is a 
smaller subquadrate spot lying between the second and third median 
nervules at their origin. In addition there is a similar subquadrate spot 
below the costa beyond the end of the cell midway between it and the 
apex. The secondaries are dark brown, marked by a curved band of 
semi-translucent yellowish spots located beyond the cell near the origin 
of the median nervules. On the underside the primaries are brownish 
fuscous. The translucent spots reappear on this side, but are less distinct. 
The base is laved with ochraceous, as is also the outer margin near the 
apex. The outer margin is ornamented by a series of dark spots form- 
ing a regularly curved band from the apex to the second median nervule, 
where they are lost in the darker ground color of the wing. These spots 
are defined inwardly by pale yellowish hastate markings. There is a fine 
marginal black line. The fringes are dark fuscous. The secondaries on 
the lowerside are ochraceous, the middle area beyond the cell being trav- 
ersed by a somewhat broad band of bright yellow spots running from the 
costa to the first median nervule. There are four or five blackish spots 
between this band and the base pupiled with pale ochraceous. There is 
.a regularly curved submarginal series of blackish spots defined inwardly 
by paler markings. The margin and the fringes are as on the primaries. 
Expanse 26 mm. 

This species probably does not belong to the genus Parnara, 
though without a dissection its exact location cannot be absolutely 
determined. It probably comes nearer the genus Osmodes, 
though it does not belong to it, and may perhaps represent the 
type of a new genus. 

GASTROCHETA Mab. 

9. G. cybeutes sp. nov. $. The upperside of the body is black. The 
lowerside is grayish white. The antenna? are marked with white at the 
end of the club. The primaries on the upperside are black. There are 
two elongated translucent white spots at the end of the cell very near to 
each other, a median series of three moderately large translucent spots, 
of which the lower spot resting on the submedian nerve is oblong, quad- 
rate, silvery white, the second is subhastate with its point obtuse pointing 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 95 

inwardly, the third, the smallest of the series, lying between the origin of 
the second and thid median nervules. There is a subapical curved series 
of three small white translucent spots. The secondaries have a round 
translucent white spot beyond the base divided by the nervule which de- 
fines the upper margin of the cell. This spot is partly obscured by the 
grayish hairs which cover the base. Beyond the cell are two oblong sub- 
quadrate spots separated from each other by the second median nervule. 
The fringes of the secondaries are pale. On the underside the primaries 
are pale greenish fuscous with the middle area deep blackish. The spots 
on the underside are as on the upperside. The secondaries are greenish 
fuscous with the anal angle broadly laved with whitish. There are two 
series of spots forming macular bands, one crossing the cell, the other 
beyond it. The inner series consists of three spots, the uppermost of 
which is large and oval. The two innermost spots are smaller, opaque, 
and accentuated outwardly by blackish markings. The outer band of 
^puts is composed of a curved series of eight spots, of which the third 
and fourth reckoning from the inner margin, are translucent and the 
largest; the second and fifth are minute; the first and sixth are linear, the 
first being the larger; the seventh is minute and circular; and the eighth, 
which is nearest the costa, is linear. 

9 . The female is marked very much like the male, but the secondaries 
on the underside are broadly whitish on the middle area and toward the 
base, with the outer margin clouded with dark brown. The two bands 
<>f spots are separated near the inner margin by a brownish area like that 
on the outer margin. The spots are all more or less obscurely defined 
in the female, their outlines being lost in the paler ground color of the 
wing. Expanse; tf, 32 mm.; 9, 37 mm. 

Hab. Valley of the Ogove. 

Mons. Mabille, who has seen this species, regards it as an un- 
described. It is not found in the British Museum, nor in the 
museum at Berlin. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE III. 



Fig. i. Tagiades dannatti Ehrmann, ENT. NEWS. vol. iv, p. 309. 

2. Celtznorhinusinterniplaga Mab., C. R. S. Ent. Belg. '91, p. Ixxiii. 

3. cotluscens sp. nov. 9 

4. colluscens sp. nov. $. 

5. afrafns Mab., C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1891, p. Ixxiv. 

6. i//nstri.s Mab., 1. c. p. Ixxiii. 

7. Procainpta rani Holl., Ann. and Mag. N. Hist. (6), vol. x, p. 293. 

8. Osinodcs?fan sp. nov. 

9. Parnara picanitn ' sp. nov. 

10. batangfe sp. nov. 

11. argyrodes sp. nov. 

12. nnibea sp. nov. 

13. (?) sit/niotafa sp. nov. 

14. leucophfca sp. nov. 

15. ' cybeutes sp. nov. 



96 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 

Description of a new species of Myscelia from Western Mexico. 

By LEVI W. MENGEL, Reading, Pa. 

Myscelia skiiiaeri nov. sp. Expands two and one-quarter inches. The 
basic color of the entire upper surface is black, paling slightly along the 
internal margin of the inferior wings. Beginning at the base of the su- 
perior wing, running into the discoidal cell about three-eighths of an inch 
dividing, and running into the wing nearly three-quarters of an inch, is a 
blotch of rich purple. Along the margin of the wing is a line of white or 
pale bluish spots, broken, running along the entire margin. There is a 
parallel line of spots, nearly the same color, though somewhat darker, 
running very close to the edge. There are two white apical spots sur- 
rounded by the faintest tinge of blue, three submarginal spots, and two in 
the centre of the costa, all of the same color. The inferior wings are 
emarginate, with a thin, pale, broken line of white spots running along 
the edge. A large blotch of the same rich purple as on the superiors 
spreads from the base into the cell, extending almost to the upper margin 
of the wing. It is not divided, as in the superiors. Near the margin is a 
row of purple spots running parallel to the edge. A second and third 
marginal row run across the wing. Between the last row and the large 
blotch runs a band across the wing in the centre. Counting this row, and 
excluding the white marginal line, there are four rows of these purple- 
colored spots between the edge and blotch. The undersides of the wings, 
as in M. streckeri Skinner, resemble the under surface of Pyrameis ata- 
lanta, and, like it, cannot be* described. 

The species is close to M. streckeri Skinner, and they may be 
varieties of the same species belonging to the same zoological 
area. But in the general appearance, and in the number of rows 
of purple spots, from which there is no variation in skinneri, they 
differ to such a degree that I believe the species is worthy of a 
name. 

Described from five specimens from Bayemena, Sinoloa, 
Mex. Named in honor of Dr. Henry Skinner, of Philadelphia. 



OBITUARY. 

MORITZ SCHUSTER died of apoplexy Feb. 7, 1894. Mr. Schuster was 
born in Germany in 1823, and was an enthusiastic entomologist up to the 
time of his death. His home was at 1803 Hickory Street, St. Louis, Mo. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for February, was mailed Jan. 31, 1894. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL. v. APRIL, 1894. No. 4. 



CONTENTS: 

Fall Collecting in the Sierras of S. , Visitors from South America 113 

California 97 Editorial 115 

Taylor Larva and pupa of P. homerus 101 Economic Entomology Ti6 

1 "\\nsend Ants from Las Cruces 103 : Notes and News uS 

I'ernald Elementary Entomology 104 Entomological Literature 121 

Van Duzee Note on Scolopostethus.... 108 Entomological Section.... 125 

Jjyar Arkansas Lepidoptera 108 Cockerell A new Chrysis 125 

Skinner Tachyris ilaire no Coquillett New Diptera from Wash.... 125 

Aaron The Bold Robber Fly 110 ! Fox Fossorial Hymenoptera 126 



COLLECTING IN THE SIERRAS OF S. CALIFORNIA. 

Bv H. C. FALL, Pomona, Cala. 

j 

The chief glory of Southern California is its climate; but, un- 
like the proverbial lion, the Summer temperature is sometimes 
more pronounced than it is painted by the real-estate agents. 
When the mercury has frisked about for several weeks between 
90 and 115, the average man begins to feel the need of a read- 
justment of surroundings, and circumstances permitting, hies 
himself to the coast or to the mountains. 

My friend, Mr. F. D. Twogood, of Riverside, and myself con- 
sidered the above sufficient excuse for contracting with the stage 
driver to set us clown on the top of the San Bernardino Moun- 
tains one morning in early July. 

Both Mr. Twogood and myself have a weakness for entomology, 
he being partial to the Lepidoptera, while I lean rather toward 
the Coleoptera. In the following remarks I shall confine myself 
to noticing a few of the beetles taken during a month's stay on 
the mountains. 

\Ve camped in a little valley at about 5000 feet elevation, 
through which an ever lessening stream fringed with alder* and 
willows flowed toward the Mojave Desert. The higher ground 
was rather sparsely wooded with pine, fir. cedar and oak, the 
conifers predominating. The little variety of vegitation indicated 

4 



98 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

a limited insect fauna, which proved to be the case. About one 
hundred species of Lepidoptera and four hundred of Coleoptera 
were the result of our raid, and these were not obtained without 
labor. 

Our headquarters was located near a saw-mill, with two ob- 
jects in view the greater facility of obtaining supplies, and the 
prospect of securing many species of beetles whose pleasure it is 
,to complete the work of destruction once begun by the lumber- 
men. With the wastefulness characteristic of those who gather 
from an apparently inexhaustible supply, the upper, or even the 
whole trunks of hundreds of giant pines were left lying on the 
ground, a prey to the insects and the elements. Under the 
loosening bark of one of these fallen monarchs I began my search. 
The first thing bottled was Cossonus piniphilus; these were always 
to be found, and with them in greater or less numbers occurred 
Tachys nanus, Hister pundigcr, Plegaderus nitidus, Lasconotus 
.pusilliis and Hypophlceus snbstriaius. Other occasional finds 
under bark were Rhyssodes hamatus, Alindria cylindrica (very 
small), Bins cstriatus, Uloma languid and Metaciisa marginalis. 
Buprestidte were here much more numerous than in the valleys 
below. Chrysobothris cuprascens (hitherto reported from Colo- 
rado and New Mexico) was beaten in numbers from pines, and 
with them a few C. femorata and C. calif ornica. The latter and 
also the brilliant Melanophila gentills were taken dead from their 
burrows in dead pine twigs. Melanophila intrusa and Chryso- 
phana placida were also beaten from pines. Specimens of Bu- 
prestis maculiventris and B. Iceviventris were taken flying near 
the summit. I can perceive no differences other than color be- 
tween these two forms, and their manner of occurrence indicates 
specific identity. Buprestis fascia fa turned up in sweeping the 
low herbage beside the brook, and Dicerca Jwrnii was dug from 
dead alder stumps. On willows occurred Agrilus politns and A. 
nivciventris; the latter was the more abundant, and several trees 
were observed which had been seriously injured by its attacks. 
The flowers of a large primrose yielded many Anthaxia feneo- 
gastcr and Acmceodera connexa, and promiscuous sweeping or 
beating gave one specimen of Agri/us angelicas, also several 
Anthaxia deleta of both sexes, the male bright green and the 
female olivaceous. 

The piles of lumber near the saw-mill prompted frequent visits, 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 99 

especially during- twilight, when many tilings were on the wing. 
Of these the largest game was Ergates spicidatus, often seen fly- 
ing slowly about the board piles and easily taken. The large 
burrows in pine stumps bear witness to the larval habits of this 
species. Under like circumstances were taken Pactopus hornii, 
Carcbora longula, Lasconotus servus, Ernobius sp., Hylasies 
nic'cer and H. longus. Our camp fire attracted numerous speci- 
mens of Anelastes driiryi, and occasionally a Polyphylla crinila; 
I have never seen this species in the low country, its place there 
being taken by P. lo-lineata, which is not rare at electric lights. 

Returning to camp one evening about sundown, I stopped to 
examine a small alder which had been felled across the stream. 
I had gathered a dozen or two of Pityophthorus pubipennis, 
which had emerged from their burrows and were taking an even- 
ing promenade, when, from the hole of one of the bark borers a 
strange head appeared ; it belonged to that curious Cucujide, 
Narthecius grandiceps, and diligent search resulted in the finding 
of about a dozen of this very rare beetle. I know not what may 
be the habits of this insect, but the circumstances strongly sug- 
gest that it may be parasitic on the bark borer above mentioned. 
On this same alder I found t\vo or three Lasconotus linearis, and 
from a freshly-cut tree close by a little colony of Rhyncholus 
spretus. Beneath a log partially imbedded in turf by the side 
of the stream I discovered the headquarters of Hippodamia con- 
i-<')-o-ens for this region; here, crowded together in places several 
deep, were not less than ten thousand individuals; what can be 
the signification of such a gathering? 

Space will not permit a detailed allusion to even half of the 
species collected, nor is a complete list now possible, owing to 
the difficulty of identification; many, indeed, being unclescribed. 

That this article may be of some value as indicating geograph- 
ical distribution, I append as complete a list as possible of the 
not mentioned above : 



Cicindela i2-guttatu Dcj. ISnnbidium iridescens Lcc. 

Cychrus punrtatus Lee. Tachys anthrax Lcc. 
Notiophilus semiopacus Esch. audax Lee. 

Dyschirius gibbipennis Lee. Pterostichus ater Dcj. 

Sclii/o^t-niu^ drprrsMis Lee. cast.mipt.^ Men. 

Bembidumi erasum Lcc. <>r< i(lrmnlis Dej. 

longulus Lee. . \mura soitulu Ziiiiin. 

semistriatus Hald. ivmntestriata Dcj. . 



100 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



[April 



Platynus funebris Lee. 
fossiger Dej. 
Lebia viridis Say. 
Stenolophus anceps Lee. 
Anisodactylus piceus Men. 

consobrinus Lee. 
Bidessus pictodes Sharp. 

affinis Say. 

Deronectes striatellus Lee. 
Hydroporus vilis Lee. 
Ilybiosoma regularis Lee. 
Agabinus glabrellus Mots. 
Agabus lugens Lee. 
lecontei Cr. 
(iyrinus plicifer Lcc. 
Ochthebius puncticollis Lee. 
\ lydraena pennsylvanica Kies. 
Tropisternus californicus Lcc. 
Hydrocharis glaucus Lee. 
Chsetarthria nigrella Lee. 
Limnebius piceus Horn. 
Cymbiodyta dorsalis I\[ots. 
Laccobius ellipticus Lee. 
Creniphilus rufiventris Horn. 
Cercyon lugubris Payk. 
Ptomaphagus consobrinus Lee. 
Ouedius explanatus Lee. 
capucinus Grav. 
limbifer Horn. 
Philonthus sordidus Grav. 
nigritulus Grav. 
Stenus costalis Cas. 

terricola Cas. 

californicus Cas. 
Cryptobium californicum Lee. 
Lathrobium jacobinum Lee. 
Scopseus punctatus Cas. 

truncaticeps Cas. 
Caloderma angulatum Cas. 

rasile Cas. 

Tachinus debilis Horn. 
Bledius ruficornis Lee. 
Trogophlceus diffusus Cas. 
Phalacrus penicellatus Say. 
Megilla vittigera Mann. 
Harmonia picta Rand. 



Coccinella sanguinea Linn. 
Mysia hornii Cr. 
Exochomus marginipennis Lcc. 
Scymnus coniferarum Cr. 

pacificus Cr. 
Aphorista morosa Lee. 
Synchita variegata Lee. 
Aulonium longutn Lee. 
Cerylon castaneum Sav. 
Pediacus depressus Hbst. 
Brontes dubius Fab. 
Mycetophagus californicus Horn. 
Paromalus tejonicus Horn. 
Sabrinus lubricus Lee. 
Epuraea immunda Sturm. 
Nitidula ziczac S\'. 
Omdsita discoidea Fab. 
Thalycra concolor Lee. 
Trogosita virescens Fab. 
Tenebrioides sinuata Lee. 
Peltis pippingskoeldi Mann. 
Hesperobaenus abbreviatus Mots. 
Limnebius punctatus Lcc. 

nebulosus Lcc. 

californicus Lee. 

tenuicornis Cas. 
Dryops suturalis Lee. 
Cyphon concinnus Lee. 
Horistonotus sufflatus Lee. 
Elater carbonicolor Fsc/i. ? 
Megapenthes aterrimus Horn. 

stigmosus Lcc. 
Athous excavatus Mots. 

limbatus Lee. 
Eros lastus Mots. 
Podabrus comes Lee. 
Malthodes fusculus Lee. 
Dasytes pusillus Lee. 

hudsonicus Lee. 
Cymatodera puncticollis Hland. 
Clerus sphegeus Fab. 
Hydnocera scabra Lcc. 
Cregya fasciata Lcc. 
Necrobia rufipes Fab. 
Ptinus l)iniacu!alus Mc/s. 
Hadrobregmus gibbicollis Lcc. 



i8 9 4-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



IOI 



Ptilinus basalis Lee. 
Ata-nius abditus Hald. 
Amphicoma canina Lee. 
I iichelonycha crotchii Horn. 
Spondylis upiformis Mann. 
Prionus caliiornicus Mots. 
Callidium hirtellum Lee. 
Kticrossus villio )rnis Lee. 
Necydalis cavipennis Lee. 
Leptura crassicornis Zer. 
Acanthocinus obliquus Lee. 
Saxinis speculifera Horn. 
( .'ryptocephalus sanguinicollis Suffr. 
Glyptoscelis illustris Cr. 
Colaspidea cuprascens Lee. 

smaragdulus Lee. 
Chrysochrus cobaltinus Lee. 
1'lagiodera prasinella Lee. 
Phyllobrotica viridipennis Lee. 
Luperodes varipes Lee. 
Haltica bimarginata Say. 
Crepidodera helixines Linn. 
Kpitrix subcrinita Lee. 
( ilyptina atriventris Horn 
Pliyllotreta albionica Lee. 
riuetocnema opulenta Horn. 
Microrhopala melsheimeri Cr. 
Odontota californica Horn. 
Zabrotes obliteratus Horn. 
Asida obsoleta \^cc. 
Iphthimus serratus Maim. 
Coelocnemis dilaticollis Mann. 



Tenebrio tenebrioides Beaiiv. 
Plytydema oregonense Lee. 
Helops edxvardsii Horn. 
Cistela variabilis Horn. 
Pentaria nubila Lee. 
Anaspis collaris Lee. 
Notoxus calcaratus Horn. 
Rhipiphorus flavipennis Lee. 
Rhynchites bicolor Fab. 

glastinus Lee. 
Thricolepis inornata Horn. 
Scythropus californicus Hotn. 
Apion proclive Lee. 
Smicronyx imbricatus Cos. 
Anthonomus sycophanta Walsh. 

inermis Boh. 

ornatula Dietz? 
Magdalis cuneiformis Horn. 

lecontei Horn. 
Orchestes parvicollis Horn. 
Piazurus californicus Lee. 
Copturus longulus Lee. 
Ceutorhynchus obliquus Lee. 
Balaninus uniformis Lee. ? 
Rhyncholus oregonensis Horn. 
Pityophthorus retusus Lee. 
' Tomicus confusus Lee. 
Scolytus ventral is Lee. ? 
Phlceosinus punctatus Lee. 
Dendroctonus 
Hylurgops subcostulatus Mann. 



-o- 



Description of the Larva and Pupa of Papilio homerus Fab. 
By CHARLES B. TAYLOR, F. E. S. 

LARVA. Length about two and one-quarter inches; general 
appearance incrassated, the bodv being thickest Irom the third 
to the fifth segments, from thence tapering gradually to the anal 
extremity, which is abruptly truncated. Head small, pale ochre- 
ous or brown, deflected, and, when the larva is at rest, almost 
completely obscured by a projection of the anterior margin of 
the first segment. Color protective, harmonizing closely with 



102 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

the tint of the leaf of the food-plant. Upper surface a rich deep 
chrome-green, extending- down to about the spiracular region, 
where it terminates with a more or less irregular or sinuous out- 
line most pronounced towards the posterior segments, where the 
green is sharply divided from the color of the under surface by a 
narrow edging of white; first segment with a short transverse 
dorsal bar of pale dun or ochreous brown ; a broad curved band 
of the same color, bearing a few lines and spots of black, runs in 
a posterior direction across the dorsal surface of the third seg- 
ment and down to the sides of the fourth segment, where, curv- 
ing slightly upwards, it ends in club-shaped dilations enclosing a 
simple ocellus, colored as follows: On a comma-shaped ground 
patch of black is drawn a rather broad ring of dun, bordered 
below with bluish gray, followed by a black iris, with a bluish 
white pupil. Across the posterior or margin of the fifth segment 
is drawn a most inconspicuous luniform stripe ol white, having a 
raised appearance, as if laid on with several coats of body color, 
and which is in turn marked with little transverse bars of pale 
lavender, five in all; the horns of the crescent have this time a 
slightly anterior direction, and terminate at the sides, between 
the fourth and fifth segments, just at the junction of the green with 
the brown of the under surface. Anterior margin of the filth 
segment immediately in front of the white stripe, finely irrorated 
with white; between the fifth and sixth segments is a broad trans- 
verse band of deep black, more or less completely hidden by the 
segmental fold, except when the larva is in motion; then it is very 
conspicuous. Ventral surface, including abdominal legs, dull 
dark brown; a broad band of this color, suffused with a lavender- 
gray tint, bearing a few scattered spots of blue-gray, and having 
a very irregular or jagged outline, is continued obliquely up- 
wards in a posterior direction from the eighth segment, and meet- 
ing on the dorsal surface of the tenth segment descends again 
obliquely, narrowing rapidly, however, before joining the brown 
of the under surface, thus enclosing an irregular diamond-shaped 
patch of green. Segmental folds strongly marked on the ventral 
surface. 

PUPA of usual shape, but not greatly angulated; color wholly 
dark wood-brown, with two pairs of white tubercles on the clor>al 
surface of the middle abdominal segments. 

FOOD-PLANT. A tree growing to a large size and of great 



1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 105 

height, bearing subovate leaves with long stalks, deep glossy 
green. Local name, " Water Wood;" botanical name unknown. 
The larva was taken at the Fountain Road in the Bath district of 
the Parish of St. Thomas, in the East, on the 27th day of No- 
vember, 1893, and developed a male Homerus on the 2gth of 

December following. 

XOTE. The food-plant is probably Clnmarrhis cyjnosa Jacq. ED. 

o 

SOME ANTS FROM LAS CRUCES, NEW MEX. 

By C. H. TYLER TOWNSEND. 

The following ants were collected at Las Cruces, New Mex. T 
from 1891 to 1893. The determinations were all made at Wash- 
ington by Dr. Riley. They will be of interest, as very little is 
known of the ants of this region. 

Camponotus castaneus Latr. 9 . This species, which is 10-1 1 
mm. long, is common in houses. It is wholly rufous, with black- 
ish abdomen, and head rather darker rufous than the rest. 

Cremastogaster sp. 9 .A small blackish ant, about 2^3 mm. 
long. Thorax, legs and antennae with a rufous tinge. 

Cremastogaster lineolata Say 9 . This is a small species, with 
rufous head, antennae, thorax and legs, and black abdomen. 
Length 4-5 mm. A colony of workers and white larvae found in 
galleries in dead stick of cottonwood, Feb. 20, 1893. 

Dorymyrmex sp. 9 . A small ant. Head, thorax and antennae 
rufous, abdomen and legs black. 

Formica sp. $ (?\A moderately small black ant. Lt--- 
black, wings clear. 

Formica sp. 1 . A winged specimen, black with yellowish 
legs; wings slightly smoky. 

Formica Integra Nyl. 9 . Workers. 

Monomorium minntiim Mayr. 9 . A very small black ant. 

Myrmccina sp. $ . A slender yellowish ant. 

Pogonomyrmex occidentalis Cr. 9 $ . Several workers and 
males. 

Tapinoma sessile Say 9 A small black ant. 
Tetramorinm sp. (?) 9. This is a small yellowish ant. The 
workers are about 2 l /2 mm. long and slender. 

Two of the above species, Cremastogaster lineolata and Tapi- 
noma sessile, are found in Baja, Cala., as shown by a small col- 
lection made there by the California Academy of Sciences, and 
sent to Mr. Theo. Pergande for determination. Mr. PergandrV 
paper appears in the Proceedings, series 2, vol. iv, pp. 26-36. 



104 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY. 

MICROLEPIDOPTERA. Part I. 

By Prof. C. H. FERNALD, Amherst, Mass. 



The group of insects known as microlepidoptera may be con- 
veniently divided into the following families, viz. : Pyralidae, 
Pterophoridae, Tortricidae and Tineidae. Some authors regard 
them as superfamilies under the names Pyralidina, Tortricina, 
Tmeina and Pterophorina, in the order given. Others consider 
the last-named group as a family under the Pyralidina, but it 
seems more natural to consider them a distinct family and place 
them immediately after the Pyralidae, to which .they seem most 
nearly allied. 

The family Pyralidae includes medium- and small-sized insects 
ranging in expanse of wings from 10 to 60 mm. Their fore wings 
are entire and more or less triangular in form, while the hind 
wings are sometimes wider, and, when at rest, are more or less 
folded and covered by the fore wings, which are placed horizon- 
tally or sloping, with the hinder borders touching, along the line 
of the body. Some of the species (Crambids and Phycids) have 
narrower fore wings and roll them around the body when at rest. 

The maxillary palpi and tongue are usually well developed, 
though the latter is abortive in some species. The ocelli are 
usually present. 

The fore wings have twelve, eleven, ten, nine, or even in some 
species only eight veins. The dorsal vein (ib) is generally ac- 
companied by a short internal vein (la), which sometimes runs 
to the hinder margin, sometimes it is lost before reaching the 
margin, and sometimes it curves up and joins the dorsal vein. 
This internal vein has very generally been overlooked, owing, 
perhaps, to the fact that many persons mount their prepared or 
bleached wings in Canada balsam, which renders many of the 
finer veins entirely invisible. Wings designed for microscopic 
study should be mounted in glycerine (see Packard's "Ento- 
mology for Beginners," p. 269). Vein 5 arises much nearer to 
4 than to 6, S and 9 are stalked. 

The hind wings have the frenulum developed, and normally 
contain eight veins, but the number is sometimes reduced to 
.seven, and in a few species to six. There are three internal veins 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 105 

distinguished as la, ib, and ic, counting outwardly. Vein il> 
is rarely if ever forked at the base, as in the Tortricids and many 
of the Tineids. Vein 5 is much nearer 4 at its origin, than to 6. 
Veins 6 and 7 are stalked, or, in a few species, they are separate. 
The costal vein arises at the base of the wing near the subcostal 
and runs near and parallel with it to the end of the cell, beyond 
which it is either joined with vein 8 for a short distance, or else 
runs so close to it as to appear to unite with it. This is an im- 
portant characteristic of this family. 

The subfamilies may be separated by the following table : 

1. Median vein of hind wings not hairy above 2. 

Median vein of hind wings hairy above ,v 

2. Fere wings with vein 7 separate from 8 and 9 .... Pyraustiuae. 
Fore wings with vein 7 arising from the stem of 8 and 9 . Pyralinae. 

3. Fore wings with vein 7 present 4- 

Fore wings with vein 7 absent Phycitinae. 

4. Maxillary palpi triangular Crambinae. 

Maxillary palpi not triangular Galleriinae. 

The family Pterophorid^e (feather-wings or plume-moths) in- 
clude small moths ranging from 10 to 36 mm. in expanse of wings. 
They have slender bodies; long, slim legs; long, narrow and fis- 
sured wuigs which they hold nearly horizontally, and at right 
angles with the body, but the feathers of the hind wings are 
folded over each other and drawn forward under the fore wings. 

The genus Agdistis, of Europe, has entire wings, but the fis- 
sure is indicated. The genera Scoptonoma and Stenoptycha, es- 
tablished by Zeller and placed among the Pterophorids, have 
been transferred to the Pyralids, the former being synonymous 
with Guenee's genus Lineodcs. The fringes are quite long, and 
arranged on both sides of the divisions of the wings, giving them 
their strong resemblanc? to the feathers of a bird, and thus mak- 
ing more complete organs ot llight. 

This family comprises two well-defined subfamilies: Pttn- 
phoriiKe and Orneodina . 

The Pterophorina- have a fissure in the fore wings extending 
in from the middle of the outer margin, between veins 4 and 7, 
nearly one-fourth of the length of the wing. The hind wing' is 
separated into three divisions by two fissures extending in from 
the outer margin, the first between veins 4 and 8, nearly to the 
middle of the wing, the second between ic and 2, nearly three- 



106 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

fourths of the distance to the base of the wing". These divisions- 
are called feathers; the anterior being called the first feather, tin- 
middle one the second feather, and the posterior one the third 
feather. 

The Orneodinae may be easily distinguished by having the fore 
and hind wings each six-cleft. Only one species has as yet been 
found in this country, and that is the well-known European Or- 
neodes hexadactyla L., the larva of which feeds in the flowers of 
honey-suckle (Lonicera), spends the pupal state under ground 
.ind hibernates during the Winter in the imago state. 

The usual time of flight of the feather-wings is on mild, calm 
evenings, when they are frequently attracted to light and rarely 
to sugar. They may, however, be easily "flushed" in the day- 
time from the low shrubbery on which they usually rest, when 
they will fly a short distance and alight again. These insects are 
not generally very abundant, yet where one is ' ' flushed ' others- 
can generally be found, often in considerable numbers. 

A few of the species are of economic importance, as they feed 
on useful plants and sometimes do much injury. 

The family Tortricidae, or leaf-rollers, include a large group of 
rather stout-bodied insects, below the medium size, ranging in 
expanse of wings from 7 to 43 mm. They are distributed very 
widely over the globe, but do not appear to be so abundant in 
tropical America as in some other regions. 

The head is covered with coarse, erect scales, which give it a 
rough appearance. The tongue is rather short, and in a tew 
species it is obsolete. The ocelli are generally present. They 
have no maxillary palpi, but the labial palpi are rather stout and 
blunt. The antennae are from half to three-fourths as long as the 
costa, simple or pubescent, and in a very few species pectinated. 
The legs are of moderate size and length, and often present sec- 
ondary sexual characters in the males. Such characters also 
occur on other parts of many of these insects, as on the lore and 
hind wings, antennae, etc. 

The fore wings are moderately elongated, triangular, or some- 
what rectangular, with short fringes. The surface of the win^ 
is generally smooth, though in some species there are small tuits 
of elevated scales arising at definite places. The pattern of col- 
oration is quite uniform in the subfamilies, but in some species 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. IOJ 

the fore wings are of plain colors and entirely without markings. 
The color and markings appear to be of service in concealing 
them from their enemies. Very interesting dimorphic forms 
occur in some species, as Teras minuta Robs. When these in- 
sects are at rest the fore wings are either spread out flat, or they 
are inclined, roof-shaped, or else they are more or less rolled 
around the body. The fore wings have twelve veins, except in 
a few species, which have but eleven. Vein i is forked at the 
base, and all are separate at the origin, except 7 and 8, which are 
united at the base for a greater or less extent in some species. 

The hind wings are more or less trapezoidal in form, and with- 
out markings, except in a few Australian species. They have 
eight veins, except in a few species, where 3 and 4 coalesce and 
torm one. There are three internal veins indicated as la, ib and 
ic. These arise separately from the base of the wing behind the 
median vein, and ib is forked at the base. The costal vein arises 
free from the base of the wing and very near to the base of the 
subcostal which is so fine near the base as often to appear to be 
merged into the costal. This position of the costal vein of the 
hind wing and the fork at the base of ib, readily separates the 
Tortricids from the Pyralids. 

The subfamilies may be separated by the following table : 

1. Median vein of hind wings hairy above Grapholithinae. 

Median vein of hind wings not hairy above 2. 

2. Vein 2 of the fore wings from near middle of median vein . Tortricinae. 
Vein 2 of the fore wings from outer third of median vein . Conchylinse. 

A large- majority of the Tortricids fold or roll together the 
leaves of the plants upon which they feed. Some feed in fruit 
and seeds; others are borers in stems, and a few are supposed to 
be gall makers, while one has been shown to be carnivorous. 

There is probably no other family of insects in which a larger 
proportion of the species is injurious to plants that are of value 
to man. 

The usual time of flight is from 4 to 7 or 8 in the evening, but 
they may be "flushed" or beaten from the bushes at other times 
of the clay. A very few come to light or sugar, but not many 
can be captured by these methods. 



108 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

NOTE ON SCOLOPOSTETHUS. 

By E. P. VAN DUZEE. 

In the November, 1893, number of the "Revue d'Entomologie," 
Dr. C. Horvath, in an article on "LesScolopostethus Americains, " 
questions the occurrence of .5". affinis Schill. in this country. 
Three American species of this genus are known to him, two of 
which he describes as new, the third he identifies with .5". thomsoni 
Rent. , of Europe. 

This note of Dr. Horvath' s has led me to go over my material 
in this genus with the following results : All my specimens evi- 
dently belong- to one species. They want the mesosternal tuber- 
cles, but possess the long erect bristles on the vertex near the 
ocelli. The lower edge of the anterior femora is minutely den- 
ticulate beyond the prominent tooth and more coarsely on the 
basal one-half. In some examples the second joint of the antenrue 
is entirely pale, in others the apex is piceous, while one specimen 
has this joint and the base of the third pale. On the claws the 
two outer rows of punctures are parallel and the apex ot the 
corium is broadly piceous. In some the membrane is short, in 
others fully developed, but in all there is a large whitish spot 
exteriorly next the tip of the corium more conspicuous in the 
macropterous examples. 

Comparing these specimens with Dr. Horvath's synopsis in the 
"Revue" for 1892, I can discover no characters sufficient to 
distinguish them from the European .5". thomsoni. The name 
S. affinis Schill. I received from some of my correspondents 
about nine years ago when 1 first took up the study of the Hem- 
iptera, and have never made a careful study of this species to 
verify the determination. 

o 

ARKANSAS LEPIDOPTERA. 

^ 

By Rev. JOHN DAVIS. Little Rock, Ark. 


A somewhat diligent canvass of the suburbs of Little Rock 

during the past season leaves the conviction that, contrary to sonic 
current beliefs, there are few diurnals here new to the science. 
Throughout the early months it was very rainy and cold, so that 
it is probable some of the less frequent species were overlooked. 
But those who are expecting any numerous "finds" from this 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL XK\VS. 109 

State, aside from the Heterocera, are likely to wait apace. Among 
the moths I believe some new and beautiful varieties are still 
awaiting description. Arkansas offers a most inviting field for 
the lepiclopterist. The common moths that are about our houses 
are emerging already these early days in January. 'Not many 
weeks hence we will see archippus and P. rapce lazily flitting 
about over gardens and hedges. The earliest D. 'archippus seen 
last season was on March 12, while on the iyth following a school 
girl picked up by the road-side a superb specimen of Deilephila 
lineata. It would be hazardous to say how many broods of P. 
rapce emerge between March and December, and the same applies 
to not a few other species. I observed P. rapce pairing as late 
as December ist. In the midst of so much that invites the ento- 
mologist in Arkansas, it is almost disheartening to see the few 
engaged here in the study. Aside from the force at the Experi- 
ment Station at Fayetteville, I do not know of a single worker or 
collector in the State. In the face of so little local study and 
investigation it may be rash to say there are no new diurnals 
here. The appended 1'st is, therefore, only a partial one, the 
captures being chiefly on the streets and gardens of Little Rock, 
or in the immediate environs : 

P. tunius. Pamphila phylaeus. 

P. cresphontes. Terias lisa, 
P. rapce. nicippe. 

P. protodice. Nathalis iole. 

C. eurytheme. Phyciodes phaon. 

C. philodice. Thecla poeas. 
G. interrogationis. I .ycaena alee. 

G. comma. comyntas. 

G. progne. Euptoeita claudia. 

L. ursiila. Pyrameis hunter a. 

D . portlandia. Neonympha sosybius. 
P. troglodyta. Apatura clyton. 

D. archippus. Apatnra rar. proserpina. 

/. coenia. r\'rgns \j rich/us. 

Pamphila accius. l^liolisora catullus. 

The last fourteen were identified through the courtesy of Dr. 
Skinner, editor of ENTOMOLOGICAL Xi-.us. 



110 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

TACHYRIS ILAIRE n. var. NEUMOEGENII. 

By Dr. HENRY SKINNER. 

(See plate iv.) 

The species T. ilaire is one of our larger butterflies, and is 
found in Florida, Texas and Arizona. It is quite a variable 
species, and our Florida specimens differ materially from those 
found in the West Indies, South and Central America. Mv 

j 

attention was called to this difference by Mr. B. Neumoegen 
whose collection contains a fine series of specimens from the 
Indian River, Florida, and those of other localities. Mr. Neu- 
moegen has sent me four females for study and inspection, and 
these I have before me. Three are from the Indian River, Fla., 
and one is from Arizona. In the Indian River specimens, the 
inferiors above are lemon-yellow and the superiors white, with 
the tips and basal areas grayish black. One specimen has a bor- 
der of this darker color on the superiors. The Arizona specimen 
has quite a wide dark border to all the wings. The wings 
beneath are white with the bases of the superiors rich orange. 
The males are entirely white, and those from the Indian River, that 
1 have, show no dark tip to the superiors, while the South Amer- 
ican and Central American specimens have a marked black tip. 
The males beneath are white and only show traces of the orange. 
The Florida males are more of a cream color, while the South 
American males are more of a dead white. The males and 
females figured are from the Indian River, Fla., and for this form 
I propose the varietal name neumoegenii. There are four Cuban 
specimens in the coll. of the American Entomological Society. 
The females of these have a black border to all four wings; that 
of the inferiors not being nearly so heavy as on the superior wings. 
Dr. Staudinger in his " Exotische SchmetterHnge," figures this 
species, and the %> has the black tip on the apices of the superiors 
and the 9 has a wide black border on both the superior and in- 
ferior wings. This I take to be the typical form. 

o 

THE BOLD ROBBER FLY. 

By S. F. AARON. 

Among insects of the order called Diptera, the two-winged flies, 
to which the mosquito, gnat, horse-fly, common house-fly, etc., 
belong, is particularly noted for its extremes in insect character- 



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1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. Ill 

istics. The order possesses the fastest rivers, the biggest eaters, 
the strongest jumpers (the flea), the most gluttonous blood- 
suckers and the most rapacious species of the class insecta. Of 
the rapacious Diptera, the typical example is the robber tly, 
known to naturalists by the scientific term Asi/us, of which there 
are many different species, large and small. Our most common 
species around Philadelphia is about one inch long, light and 
dark brown, with silky, gray tufts of hair about its body and a 
bluish spot at the last segment of its slender abdomen. 

The robber fly is the peregrin falcon of insects, and hawk fly 
would be a better name for it. It will seize almost any insect as 

J 

its prey, often a grasshopper so large that it cannot fly with it or 
a stout moth, sometimes many times larger than itself, a bug, 
beetle, fly, or even a bee, wasp, or small hornet. The Asilns 
seems rather inclined toward the stinging Hymenoptera (the bee 
and wasp order), and there is a species found in the Southern 
States that makes the annulated paper nest wasp Polistes almost 
exclusively his prey. The robber fly has three principal charac- 
teristics that serve his hawk-like habits: long, but strong legs, a 
long and exceedingly sharp, sword-like proboscis, and muscular 
wings that enable him to overtake almost every other insect in 
the air or to pounce upon his victim resting on leaf or flower. 
If he seizes a bee or wasp his legs are long enough to hold his 
prey so that he cannot be reached by the sting. His proboscis, 
held when inactive in a sort of double sheath, the point just pro- 
truding, is capable of great extension, and is also a haustelum; 
with it the Asilus sucks the juices of his victims. No insect will 
live any length of time with a considerable part of its insides 
pumped out. The robber fly always pounces upon the back of 
a wasp or other insect; sometimes when its prey is apparently 
unsuspecting. The struggle is short, sharp and decisive. An 
Asilns has been seen to seize a grasshopper, and the powerful 
Arridian did everything, lor a few moments, to dislodge its 
raptor, the first few springs rolling them both over in the grass, 
the robber keeping his hold and remaining on the grasshopper's 
back, while the latter tried to scrape the fly off with his Ion- 
hind legs. In a moment the sword proboscis was thrust away 
into the back of the 'hopper's head, and with a few convulsive 
kicks the Acridian expired, literally bereft of his brains, or what 
part of them the fly could make a meal of. 



112 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

On another occasion the writer happened to spy the Asilus just 
finishing a wasp, and though its body was somewhat larger than 
the robber the latter flew off with it almost as swiftly as if not at 
ail burdened. One frequently comes across our common Asilus- 
struggling in the grass with a moth, sometimes twice the size of 
the fly, and it is not uncommon to find him with a bumble-bee, 
which he will carry from grass-stalk to grass-stalk when disturbed. 
A light brown Asilus, rather rare about Philadelphia, occasionally 
seizes upon the common sulphur-yellow field butterfly, Colias 
philodice. 

The keen sword-like proboscis of the robber fly is easily thrust 
through the hard coat-of-mail of a wasp, hornet, certain beetles 
and all other softer insects, and will stop their struggles in a few 
seconds. But the robber occasionally attacks insects that pos- 
sess such invulnerable outer crusts that his sharp bill cannot 
pierce it. A friend tells of an instance in which he saw a robber 
fly attack a gold bee, C/ijysis, a small metallic-colored insect that 
is so hard that one cannot crush it between the finger and thumb. 
The fly held the bee easily enough, despite its struggles, but 
could not thrust his proboscis into the head or thorax of the 
Chrysis, and after repeated trials gave up the job and flew away, 
and the bee, not hurt at all, flew away also. 

The writer once saw a robber fly drop a divaricated Buprestis 
(the pretty beetle, golden and green, that boys call " coat-tails") 
and the beetle ran away unhurt. The robber had evidently been 
trying to thrust its bill through its hard exterior and had failed. 
There are several beetles that will thus foil the Asilus. 

The Asilus also sometimes more than meets his match. I once 
witnessed an affair between a large black robber fly (found only 
in the South and when on the wing, in general appearance, like 

a dragon fly) and the famous sand hornet, the beautiful Stigns. 
The hornet is another rapacious insect, but uses the paralyzed 
bodies of her victims only to lay her eggs in, then burying them, 
that the coming generation of hornets, when hatched, will have 
food and shelter with which and wherein to carry on their trans- 
formations into the full-grown insect. The victims of the Stigus 
are fat grasshoppers or spiders and the dog-day locust, Cicada 
pruinosa, a first cousin to the seventeen-year locust of fame. The 
struggle between the hornet and her victim is over more quickly 
than that between \\\^Asihts and his prey. The Cicada is very 
swift of wing, and I do not believe the robber fly could catch it, 
but the hornet often does catch and kill it in the air. 



1894-] KXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 113 

VISITORS FROM SOUTH AMERICA. 



The Many-footed Hosts that are brought here as Stowaways. 



Throughout the year, but particularly at this season, when the 
city is dependent upon the tropics for its fruit supply, almost 
every steamer entering New York brings a number of many-footed 
stowaways. The steamers which bring the most of these stowa- 
ways are those that come from the West Indies and Central 
America, loaded with bananas, and a naturalist will always be 
rewarded by a visit to any of the piers where these vessels unload. 
As bunch after bunch of bananas is handed out from the hold to 
be packed away in large open vans, a lizard often drops out and 
can be easily captured. These are of every color, many of them 
beautiful, and all perfectly harmless. Sometimes a small tropical 
moth flutters out, and a careml observer will find many sorts of 
ants, from great black fellows that have a savage bite to the 
tiniest of the species. 

Very unwelcome visitors are centipedes and scorpions, that 
frequently find shelter in the large green bunches, and many of 
the men who handle the fruit have been stung by those noxious 
insects. The sting of the scorpion seems instantly to parali/e 
the limb struck, and causes most acute pain and much swelling. 
The centipede, whose every leg is armed with a sting that leaves 
its poison behind as it hurries over the human skin, leaves a trail 
of pain behind it which is quite acute as that caused by the scor- 
pion. The best remedy for these stings is strong spirits of 
ammonia, which should beat once rubbed into the skin vigorously. 

Now and then a small snake makes his appearance from among 
the fruit, and always causes a panic among the people near by. 
These are always of the tree variety, and are generally harm- 
less, but they receive no favor and are soon battered into a jelly. 
Spiders are among the most common of these tropical immigrants, 
and among these the hairy-legged tarantula is, very rightly, (In- 
most dreaded. One that was captured recently covered nearly 
as-much ground as a man's hand. The ugly customer lived tor 
several weeks in confinement. It was fed on raw meat; but was 
particularly fond of cockroaches. The other spiders that come 
on the fruit ships are harmless, and almost all of them are beauti- 
fully marked, and are prized by naturalists. 

4* 



114 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

Various species of beetle can often be found on these ships, 
from the giant elephant to some not larger than a pin's head. 
Among this class of insects the naturalist will occasionally find 
.a rare species that will repay him for many hours spent on the 
windy piers. Not uncommon visitors are the frogs, little green 
and brown fellows, that could give. Mark Twain's jumping frogs 
points and then beat him out of sight. So nimble are these little 
batrachians that it is hard work to catch them. If caught they 
should be let loose in a greenhouse, where they do wonderfully 
well and do much good in killing parasites. For its size the tree 
frog can croak louder than any other member oi his loud-voiced 
family. 

Timber-laden vessels from the tropics are always worth a visit. 
Scorpions and centipedes are common upon them, and generally 
the visitor is rewarded by finding many beetles, and sometimes 
the chrysalis of some tropical butterfly or moth may be met with, 
Avhich, if kept in a warm place, will hatch and give the collector 
a perfect specimen of an insect he little dreamed of ever possess- 
ing. Among the wood, too, may often be found the nests of the 
mason wasp. If these are broken open and the grub is not full 
grown, one is sure to find several kinds of small spiders that the 
mother wasp had stung into insensibility and placed in the cell 
for food for her progeny. Newspaper. 



AN INSECT MINE. Three years ago, in April, as I was collecting insects 
on the shores of Lake Michigan, on the coast from South Chicago, 111., 
tc Whiting, Ind., I found, to my surprise, wintering in and on the sand, 
Coleoptera of every kind. I found principally good and complete speci- 
mens of Doryphora io-1'uieata, Catalpa lanigcra by the hundred from one- 
half inch to one and one-half inches deep in the sand, while under the 
small pieces of wood, principally bark and rubbish that had been washed 
to the shore, could be seen a great many specimens of Calcrita jaiins and 
Sp/ieuop/ionis of different varieties, even this large light gray specimen, 
C. sc fiitu for of a darker and dull green color than ours of Missouri, some 
C. calidnni and Ceopinns i/icnissa/its, while Pterostichns and Flatynus of 
every kind, I gathered by the thousand. I have of late years visited the 
sand shores of the Mississippi, but never again have I seen such greg.iri- 
onsness in insects. Those interested in Entomology living on lake 
.shores have a good chance if 1891 was not an exceptional year for Chicago 
suburbs. EUGENE R. FISCHER. 



115 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Published monthly (except July and August), in charge of the joint 
publication committees of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, and the American Entomological 
Society. It will contain not less than 300 pages per annum. It will main- 
lain no free list whatever, but will leave no measure untried to make it a 
necessity to every student of insect life, so that its very mock-rate annual 
subscription may be considered well spent. 

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION Sl.'OO, IN ADVANCE. 

fig^ All remittances should be addressed to E. T. Cresson, Treasurer, 
P. O. Box 248, Philadelphia, Pa.; all other communications to the Editors 
of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA, PA., APRIL, 1894. 



THE NEW ENTOMOLOGY. 

The above is the title of the annual address delivered before the En- 
tomological Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, England, fan. 8, 1894, 
by \Y. E. Sharp, from which we quote : " Entomology is comparatively 
an old science, but it must be apparent that of recent years the study has 
assumed a wider horizon, and taken to itself new and perhaps even more 
fascinating methods. ' ' With all respect to the past masters in Entomology, 
how limited was their sense of domain they were investigating. Patient 
and reliable as were their researches, valuable as was the knowledge of 
Nature they acquired and bequeathed to us, they never seemed to trouble 
themselves about the meaning, the why of phenomena, the how; the 
methods of tilings were enough for them. The disciples of the past sup- 
posed that when every insect form in the world had been described and 
catalogued, and the whole of the order finally and unanimously arranged 
in methodical series of divisions then their purpose would be accomplished 
.md their occupation gone. We, on the contrary, know that even with 
such perfected work our real labors would be but begun. 



A CoLLHCTio.x NOTK. On February 25th, three collectors near New- 
ark took the following specimens around the base of trees. Any number 
of Notiophi/ns siiuru'iis, Dyschyrius globulosus, Hcinhidinin i-ons/ricfiini, 
]!. .f-tnat-ii/alinn; between fifty and sixty Mctahletus auicricauus, also 
Apenes sinuata, Platynusmetallescens, Droniiiispift-ns, ( 'rypfair/ni amp/a, 
Pandeletejus hilaris, Onntius rcn/i.r, besides a considerable number of 
Staphylinidse, which have not yet been identified. K. A. I'.ISCIIUFK. 



Il6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 



Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N, J. 

California Entomology. The report of the work of the Agricultural 
Experiment Station of the University of California for the year 1891, '92 
is at hand, and contains, among other things of interest, synopsis of the 
diseases of cultivated plants and one of the families of insects. Under 
the title, Diseases of Cultivated Plants, are included the effects of the 
injuries caused by insects, and it is attempted to give, in a diagnostic way, 
those characters which will enable the average "intelligent farmer" (a 
term, by-the-bye, to which I have heard objections) to recognize what it 
is that troubles him. Having determined from the first synopsis whether 
the trouble is disease or insect work, the second synopsis is intended to 
enable the individual to determine what insect or what sort of creature 
has caused the trouble. The make-up of the table is decidedly original, 
and in practice it may work well in some hands. The farmers in California, 
however, must be very much further advanced than most of those along 
the Atlantic coast if they find themselves able to make satisfactory deter- 
minations from the publication. This is not intended at all as adverse 
criticism upon the value of the synopsis, because this has undoubtedly 
been carefully thought out and put into as clear a language as possible. 
It is simply that the average farmer, intelligent or otherwise, would very 
mnch rather write to the Station and send specimens, throwing upon the 
entomologist the burden of telling him just what to do, than he would 
make use of such a paper as that given us by Mr. \Voodworth. This is 
not really surprising, for what may seem very simple and clear to a trained 
mind, may be altogether beyond even a well-developed one not used to 
analytical methods. 

Habits Of the Cockroach. Mr. Roy Hopping, Bloomfield, N. J., writes 
on this subject as follows: " Your note on the habits of cockroaches in the 
KNT. NEWS for March, 1894, recalls to me the way we got rid of that pest 
in our house. The family was still away at the seashore, and my father, 
returning before them, conceived the idea of disinfecting the house with 
a sulphur candle. If you have never seen this harmless toy I will say it 
is sulphur contained in a tin cup about half the size of a fruit-can and has 
four wicks. It was started at five o'clock in the afternoon and at ten my 
father, after opening the do6r, decided to take a walk, Returning at 
twelve he managed to get in after making several dives at the windows 
from the open dour and throwing these open. By much ventilation he 
managed to make the upper stories habitable. It was known there were 
some roaches in the house and they had increased during the- time the 
house was unoccupied. The sulphur drew them from their holes for air 
and has that advantage over poison. The next morning, armed with 
broom, shovel and barrel but suffice it to say we haven't had any 
roaches since." 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 117 

Report on the Insects of New York. Dr. Lintner's 8th Report has just 
ci >ine to hand. It is for the year 1891, and therefore fully two years behind. 
There is no question as to the value of the Report, for it is up to Dr. Lint- 
ner's usual standard of thoroughness; but it is at least unfortunate that 
it is impossible to bring out the Report in time for use in the season follow- 
in- that in which the studies were made. This is one point in which most 
Experiment Stations have the advantage of State officers whose publica- 
tions are confined to an Annual Report; for they can by means of Bulletins 
reach the farmers at the time at which information will be most useful to 
them. Considerable space is devoted in the Report to a history of the 
Pear Midge, and the suggestion is made that the larvae be destroyed by 
killing the blossoms after the eggs have been deposited, by the use of the 
arsenites in sufficient strength, or drenching the ground beneath the trees 
after the larva- have entered it, with the kerosene emulsion. The latter 
recommendation is hardly practical, and would be altogether too expen- 
sive. I do not think it would be possible to get the farmers to go into the 
business of manufacturing kerosene emulsions on any scale large enough 
lo enable them to drench an orchard covering acres of ground. Lime or 
wood ashes are also recommended, but there is no actual experiment to 
Mipport the recommendation. Blasting the blossoms would undoubtedly 
< ffective could the pear growers be induced to adopt the remedy ; but 
it is here that the difficulty will be found; for in my experience there is 
nothing in the world that the average farmer or fruit-grower hates worse 
than to do anything that will injure a possible fruit, even when it is demon- 
strated to him that there is not one chance in a thousand of his getting it. 
Another series of articles < >f great interest is on the Fish-flies, Chauliodcs 
and Corydalis, giving the life-history of the species and some interesting 
information concerning their habits. The Report contains altogether too 
many matters to be referred to at length; but on looking it over the ento- 
mologist finds that almost every subject has been treated in some wax- 
since the Report was written, and while Dr. Lintner has brought up tin- 
articles to date as far as possible, yet it is, in our hurry-scurry age, already 
a little behind the time, which, however, does not prevent it from being 
an extremly valuable one to his constituency. 



WHY KRKIU'S ENTERS HOUSKS. The query as to why Ju'i-fnix enter- 
houses, proposed by Prof. Westcott in the last number of the NH\VS, brings 
to mind a habit of these moths which I noticed while in the Bahama Islands 
last Summer. These islands have numerous large caves which are the 
retreat during daytime of hosts of /ur/ms, sharing the shelter from the 
tropical sun with the larged-earecl bats of that region i Maciolns :catcr- 
hoHsii}. Occasionally the moths may be started from very thick foli 
but the caves appear to be the favorite hiding-places. It seems that the 
rave-frequenting habit might quite possibly account to 1 ' the predilection 
the species of l-'.i; : />ns show lor houses when they Straggle in regions where 
their accustomed shelters are hard lo find. H. V. WICKHAM. 



IlS ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

Notes and 



ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL (QUARTERS 
OF THE GLOBE. 

[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NK\VS solicit, and will thankfully receive items 
of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given 
in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] 



To Contributors. All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our 
earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- 
ence, as to make it necessary to put " copy" into the hands of the printer, for each number, 
three weeks before date of issue, 'fhis should be remembered in sending special or im- 
portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be 
given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the 
number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. ED. 



Mr. E. I>. Poui-TON has been elected to the Hope Professorship at 
Oxford, which was made vacant by the death of J. O. Westwood. 

Prof. A. J. COOK, for many years professor of entomology in the 
Agricultural College of Michigan, has removed to Claremont, Cal., where 
he is professor of zoology in Pomona college. " Insect Life." 

DR. WESTCOTT writes us that he took one example of Composiafidel- 
issitna H. S., Jan. 2, 1894, at Jupiter, Fla. It was perfectly fresh and very 
sluggish in flight, probably not long from the pupa. Nothing else was on 
the wing, except some battered specimens of Eudavnus proteus Linn, and 
a few Diptera. 

AN IMPORTED BOSTRYCHUS. In looking over the material of a fellow 
collector at Newark I found seven or eight specimens of a Ilostrychns 
new to me. I asked where it was taken and was informed that it came 
from parties working in a licorice-factory and was found flying around the 
lights, the factory working night and day. In exploring the locality near 
the factory I was unable to find where they could come from, until I 
learned that some of the wood in use in the factory was imported from 
Spain and Turkey. Suspecting, therefore, an imported species I handed 
it to Prof. Smith, who Informs me that, according to Dr. Horn, it is /.'. 
capucinus, a species not heretofore recorded as having been taken in 
North America. It is almost certain that the specimens were brought in 
the material impoited for the use of the factory, and almost equally cer- 
tain that the species has not yet gotten a foothold on any American trees 
E. A. BISCHOFF. 

IDENTITY OF PEXOMACHUS AND HEMITKLES. It ha:; long been tin 
opinion of experienced entomologists that l\'zo>nachus is but tin- winglf- 
form of Hemiteles. This gen.-nc identity, although pointed out b\ 
Snellen von Vollenhoven, has been neglected in recent lists of Messrs. 
Cresson and Howard, who admit the two forms as distinct genera. Tin 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 119 

following observation completes the proof attempted by Walsh. In 1873 
I bred from a cocoon of spider eggs upwards of a dozen specimens ot :i 
dark-colored species. Part of these were wingless with the thorax as in 
J'ezoinciclucs, others were perfectly winged and the thorax was fully devel- 
' oped as in Heniite/cs, with which genus the venation agreed; but there 
were also a number of intermediate forms with minute wing-pads, or with 
no signs of wings, yet with the thorax perfect, showing the transition 
between the two genera to occur in this one species. \V.\i. HAMITUN 
PATTON, Hartford, Conn. 

THK VALUE OF LOCAL LISTS. The " List of insects taken in the Alpine 
region of Alt. Washington by Mrs. Slosson in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for 
January, which includes so many species not before found at so high an 
altitude is of a good deal of value from a zoo-geographical point of view. 
A number of specialists are under many obligations to Mrs. Slosson for 
her assiduous and unselfish labors. Indeed, in the great dearth of good 
collectors, it is fortunate for the science that there is some one who is will- 
ing to spend the time to collect in all orders. The great, need at present 
is the publication of full local lists based on specimens named by experts. 
As one who has greatly profited by the large collections made in the South 
as well as in White Mountain region by the author of this list, the writer 
bears testimony to the value of such labors. It is to be hoped that the 
example thus set will be followed by others in the Western and Pacific 
States. A. S. PACKARD. 

THE importance of carefully printing the date and volume of a journal 
on the pages of papers extracted therefrom has again been illustrated 
by a recent occurrence. In the NEWS for March, p. 81, in noticing 
Dr. Coding's Catalogue of the Membracida;, we were obliged to mark 
both the volume and the date with an interrogation point (?l. This has 
of course attracted Dr. Coding's attention, and he writes to say that 
every copy of this paper li sent to me has a cover on which is plainly 
printed 'Vol. iii,' and at the bottom '1894.' Possibly copies were scut 
out which had no covers. The Catalogue complete was received by me, 
Jan. 18, 1894, and doubtless was shipped a day or two earlier." Dr. Cod- 
ing's conjecture is correct, and the copy received by the American Ento- 
mological Society had no cover when received, while special care li.nl 
been taken to examine this copy to find these indications, but in vain. 
Tin- journal in question is the Bulletin of the Illinois State I.ahorati n \ 
of Natural History. 

SPIDER MIMICKV. In the middle of October, 1893, I wasbusilv engaged 
on the banks of the Lyell fork of the Tuolumne River, in the High Sier- 
ras of California. My attention was attracted to what I supposed was a 
clear-winged insect that had landed by some mistake in the- river, and 
was dragging its abdomen along in the water, while the fluttering wings 
struck the surface of the water every time they came down, and seemed 
to evince the greatest eagerness to reach the bank I was standing on, I 



120 ^ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

became highly interested to know and see how it would save itself from 
death by drowning, when suddenly h stopped, and to my great surprise 
it was a fawn-colored spider two-thirds of an inch long from the fore to 
the hind legs. To accomplish this description the abdomen and the hind 
legs remained on the water, while the anterior legs were raised up and 
down with rapidity, while at the same time water enough adhered to them 
to cause that clear-wing appearance that insects have that live near water, 
and it would push or walk along on the water with its hind legs. To be 
sure I was not mistaken I looked around and saw several of them going 
through the same mimicry, doubtless to attract such insects as it preys on. 
Being without tubes or alcohol I did not take any to have them identified. 
JOHN B. LEMBERT. 

HAVING noted the various articles on " Ventursome Insects," I thought 
1 would add my experience in that line. When I lived and collected in 
the neighborhood of Dayton, O., I used to catch numbers of ApaJura 
celtis every season. There was one place especially that I used to g_o to 
for that species. It was along an old rail fence on the bank of a creek. 
The corners of the fence were filled with a regular hedge of Celtis bushes 
-and trees for a good many hundred yards. I found the insects on the fence 
or lower leaves of the Celtis, or on the tree trunks. They were darting 
about from point to point, often returning to the same point to rest time 
and again, but seldom resting for more than a few moments at a time. I 
would walk along slowly the length of the hedge, and then back over the 
same ground; each time taking about as many as I did the first time. I 
have often taken from twenty to fifty in two or three hours. I have had 
them to light at different times pretty much all over me, and have caught 
them in my cynicle bottle while resting on me, or with my net. Have had 
the same insect to dart away and return several times and light on un- 
person, while I was making efforts to catch it. Like the Hesperida?, it 
takes a quick eye to follow them as they dart about, and unless one 
knows what he is looking for and is used to them, he will not see many. 
I remember once taking a prominent entomologist of Michigan out to 
hunt for them. He had never taken celtis 'till that day. We went in a 
buggy. I let him out at one end of the fence and told him I would drive 
around and meet him at the other end. I noticed he was walking along 
very fast, and did not seem to be taking anything. When he came up to 
me I noticed he had a very disgusted look on his face. I had told him 
he would find them in plenty, and he had not seen one. I went back with 
him and showed him where to look. His contenance soon changed, and 
he had all he wanted to attend to. 

Debis portlandia was very rare around Dayton. The first specimen 1 

ever saw was on the trunk of a tree in a thick woods. From its actions 1 

thought it was an A. celtis, until after 1 had raptured it. It darted about 

very rapidly and lit once or twice on me, and then back on the tree trunk 

before 1 captured it. (',. R. PILATE, Griffin, ('.a. 

P. S. Any person studying the typical Cnt-u-alas will find perfect 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 121 

examples of diilciola Grote, in the collection of Mr. F. A. Fddy, of 
Bungor, Me. He purchased my entire collection. I never saw any vari- 
ation in all examples taken, and they could not be placed as a variety <>f 
any species that I had ever seen. 



Identification of Insects dmagos) for Subscribers. 

Specimens will be named under the following: conditions : ist, The number of species 
to be limited to twenty five tor each sending; 2d, The sender to pay all expenses of trans- 
portation and the insects to become the property of the American Entomological Society ; 
3d, Each specimen must have a number attached so that the identification may be an- 
nounced accordingly. Kxotic species named only by special arrangement with the Editor, 
who should be consulted before specimens are sent. Send a 2 cent stamp with all insects 
for return of names. Before sending insects for identification, read page 41, Vol. Ill, 
Address all packages to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy Natural Sciences, Logan 
Square, Philadelphia, Pa. 



Entomological Literature. 



AMERICAN NATURALIST. Philadelphia, February, 1894. The classifi- 
cation of the Arthropoda, J. S. Kingsley. 

COMPTE RENDU. SOCIETE DE BIOLOGIE. Paris, Jan. 27, 1894. On the 
role of certain Coleoptera in the dissemination of certain cases of anthrax, 
F. Heim. 

THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. London, Feb- 
ruary, 1894. Descriptions of some new species of Heterocera from Cen- 
tral America, H. Druce. 

SCIENCE. New York, Jan. 26, 1894. Red ants, W. A. Stearns. A 
rope of insects, |. B. Smith. Fungi and insects, J. F. James. February 
2d. The enemies ( >f Lepidopterous pupa? enclosed in bark-formed cocoon--, 
1.. 1!. Poulton. An explanation of the rope of maggots, S. \Y. \Villiston. 

KNOWLEDGE. London, Feb. i, 1894. Stinging insects, E. A. Butler, 
figs. 

F.NTOMOLOGISKE M Em jELELSER, iv, 4. Copenhagen, 1893. Larva,- 
Coleopterorum Mussel Hauniensis, F. Meinert. Organs and characters 
in different orders of Arachnids, H. J. Hanson, 2 pis. 

ZOOLOGISCHER ANZEiGER. Leipsic, Feb. 5, 1894. Contributions to 
the knowledge of the antennal sense-organs of insects, C. M. Child. 

IL NATURALISTA SKMLIANO. Palermo, December, 1893. Catalogue 
of the Coleoptera of Sicily Icont.), K. Kagusa. 



122 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ApriL 



E SOCIETATIS ExTOMOLOGic/E ROSSIC/E, xxvii. St. Petersburg, 
the anatomy and histology of Phylloxera z'asfafri.v, I. Kras- 
silstschik, 2 pis. The Transcaspian hymenopterous fauna, Gen. O. Ra- 
doszkowski (concl.). On Russian Galeodidae, A. Birula, i pi. A sepa- 
rating character between the Cerambycidas and the Chrysomelidce, G. 
Jacobsohn, i pi. On the biology of Russian Lepicloptera: iv. Coloration 
and ocellate spots, their development (cont.) (in Russian), J. Portschinky, 
2 col. pis. Synoptical revision of the Tenebrionid genus Leptodcs Sol., 
A. Semenovv. Revision of the species belonging to the Silphid genera 
Pteroloina Gyllh. and Lyrosoma Mannh.. id. 

BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE I.MPERIAI.E DES NATURALISTES DE Moscor, 
1893, 2 and 3. Review of the copulatory armature of the males of the 
genera Crocisa Jur., Melecta Latr., Psendomelecta Rad., Chrysanthcda 
Pert., Mesocheira Lep., Aglcc Lep., Melissa Smit., Euglosw Latr., Eu- 
Icma Lep., Acauthopns Klug., Gen. O. Radoszkowsky. 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD. London, Feb. 15, 1894. The evolu- 
tion of the Lepidopterous pupa, a sketch, T. A. Chapman, M.I). Con- 
tinental Lepidoptera sold as British, J. \\ ' . Tutt. On the larva of Arctia 
caja etc. (cont.), T. A. Chapman, M.D., i pi. 

LE NATURALISTS CANADIEN, xxi, i. Chicoutimi, Province of Quebec, 
January, 1894. Medical entomology, Ed. This journal, founded by 
L'Abbe Provancher, has been revived, after an interval of three years, 
under the editorship and proprietorship of L'Abbe Huard. 

ENTOMOLOGISCHE NACHRICHTEN, xx. 2. Berlin, January, 1894. Re- 
marks on Yerhoeff's " Primare und secundare Sexualcharaktere" of in- 
sects, Dr. K. Escherich. 

BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE LINNEKNNE DU NORD DE LA FRANCE, xi, 
258. Amiens, December, 1893. Myrmecophilous insects, L. Carpentier. 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATURAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION OF STATKN 
ISLAND, iv, 4. New Brighton, S. I., Feb. 10, 1894. The seventeen-yr.tr 
locust on Staten Island, W. T. Davis. 

BULLETINO DELLA SOCIETA ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA, XXV, 3. Flor- 

ence, Dec. 31, 1893. Contributions to the study of the Ilrrnthkke, note 
xxii, A. Senna, 3 pis. 4, Jan. 15, 1894. Exotic scorpions in the Royal 
Museum of Natural History of Florence, T. Thorell. 

SITZUNGS-BERICHT DER GESELLSCHAFT NATURFORSCHENDKK FRKIN- 
DE zu BERLIN. 1893, No. 10. The origin of the reproductive cells .mion- 
insects, R. Heymons, figs. 

MEMOIRES DE L'ACADEMIE IMPERIALS: DKS SCIENCES DK ST. PFTFRS- 
imrRG, VII serie, xxxviii, 12, 1892. A contribution to the knowledge ot 
the excretory organs of the Pantopoda, A Kowak-vsky, i pi. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NF.WS. 123 

COMPTES RENDU DE L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. Paris, Feb. 12, 1894. 
Researches on the anatomy and development of the female genital 
armor of lepidopterous insects, A. Peytoureau. Observations on the 
hypermetamorphosis or hypnody of the Cantharkke: the phase called 
pseudo-chrysalid considered as a phenomenon of encystment, J. K. d' 
Herculais. Salivary glands of the Hymenopterous family Crabronida?, 
M. Bordas. On some parasites of the Lepidodendrons, P>. Renault. 

INSECT LIFE, vi, 3. Washington, February, 1894. The inserts oc- 
curring in the foreign exhibits of the World's Columbian exposition, C. 
Y. Riley. The Hymenopterous parasites of the California Red Scale, 
L. O. Howard, figs. The insect collections of the Columbian exposition, 
F. H. Chittencien. The Apiarian exhibit at the Columbian exposition, 
F. Benton. The San Jose scale at Charlottesville, Va., E. A. Schwar/. 
The San Jose scale in Virginia, D. W. Coquillett. Pyralidina of the Death 
Valley expedition, Eds. Descriptions of Pyralidre from the Death Valley, 
C. H. Fernald. Entomological memoranda for 1893, M. E. Murtfeldt. 
A new spider parasite, W. H. Ashmead. Notes on ScolytuUe and their 
food-plants, W. F. H. Blandford. Notes, etc. 

BULLETIN OF THE OHIO AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION (2), vi, 
4. Whole No. 51, December, 1893. Miscellaneous entomological papers, 
Insect immigrants in Ohio, Insect foes of American cereals, all by V. M. 
Webster, figs. 

YERHANDLUNGEN DER K. K. ZOOL.-HOT. GESELLSCHAFT IN WIKX, xliii, 
3, September, 1893. On the anatomy of Bdclla arenaria Kramer, Dr. L. 
Karpelles, 2 pis. 4, December, 1893. On the knowledge of the anatomy 
and histology of Scittigcra coleoptrata. Dr. T. Adensamer, i pi. Pre- 
liminary monograph of the Muscaria schizometopa (excl. Anthomyid;i- >. 
Dr. F. Brauer and J. E. v. Bergenstamm. Remarks and additions to 
Prof. G. Strobl's 'Die Anthomyinen Steiermarks,' E. Pokorny. 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, xvi, No. 968. Wash- 
ington, 1893. Notes on Myriapoda from Loanda, Africa, collected by 
Mr. Heli Chatelaine, including a description of a new genus and species, 
O. F. Cook. 

EIGHTH REPORT on the Injurious and other Insects of the State of 
New York for the year 1891. By J. A. I.intner, Ph.D., State entomolo- 
gist. Albany. 1893 (from the Forty-tilth Report on the New York State 
Museum, pp. 105-321), 53 tigs, and 2 pis. 

DEUTSCHE ENTOMOI.OGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT. 1894, heft i. Berlin, Jan- 
uary, 1894. Remarks on HerrC. Yerhofffs researches on the abdominal 
segments and the copulatory organs of male Colcopu-ra, O. Schwar/, J. 
Weise. 



124 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

MllTHEILUNGEN DER SCHVVEIZERISCHEN ENTOMOLOGISCHEN GESELL- 

SCHAFT, ix, 2. Schaffhausen, January, 1894. Coleoptera helvetica, Dr. 
G. Stierhn, pp. 353-384- 

THE ENTOMOLOGIST. London, March, 1894. The New Entomology, 
\V. E. Sharp. How moth grease spreads, H. G. Knaggs, M.D. Remarks 
on certain genera of Coccidce, W. M. Maskell. The genus Fhilometra 
Grote, A. G. Butler, I'h.D. 

THE ENTOMOLOGISTS' MONTHLY MAGAZINE. London, March, 1894. 
-Thermobia furnorum Rovelli, a heat-loving Thysanuran, in London 
bakehouses, R. McLachlan. Wing expansion in a butterfly delayed by 
low temperature, T. A. Chapman, M.D. Musca(Calliphora) vomitoria 
in New Zealand, W. W. Smith. What are the specific limits of Aspidiotns 
destructor Sign., T. D. A. Cockerell. Grease : do male moths require 
more energy than females?, H. G. Knaggs, M. D. Supplement to anno- 
tated list of British Tachinidce, R. H. Meade. 



NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN INSECTS DESCRIBED 
IN THE PRECEDING LITERATURE. 



COLEOPTERA. 
Cicindt'la bates! \V. Horn, Deut. Ent, Zeit. 1894, p. in, Mex. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Chalcididae: Aspidiotiphagus Howard, Ins. Life, vi, p. 230, for Cocco- 
phagus citrinns Craw., fig. Five n. spp. different genera, 1. c. pp. 231- 
236, figs. Signophorinae, n. subfam. p. 234. 

Zaglyptns kiucaidii Ashmead, Ins. Life, vi, p. 260, Wash. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Sphingidae, Lithosiicke, Saturniicke, Lasiocampidae : n. spp. Mex., Cent.- 
Am., Druce, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6), xiii, pp. 168-182. 

Pyralidas: n. spp. Calif., Fernald, Ins. Life, vi, pp. 255-257. 

SCORPIONES. 

Oncoccntrns Tliorell, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. xxv, p. 374, n. gen. for Cen- 
trums phaiodactylus \Vood. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 125 

Tne Entomological Section 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS. 



The following papers were read and accepted by the Committee for 
publication in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS : 

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW CHRYSIS. 

By T. D. A. COCKKRELL. 

Chrysis mesillae n. sp. Face green, with more or less cupreous reflec- 
tions, occipital region purple-blue. Prothorax bright green; mesothorax 
coppery, with blue sutures, postscutellum purple, leglike greenish-blue, 
with violet reflections. Abdomen emerald-green, with a strong coppery 
lustre, lower margins of segments violet. Basal joint of antenna; shining 
green. Femora blue-green, with ochreous tips, tibia? similarly colored 
with ochreous t ; ps and bases, tarsi ochreous, the terminal joints fuscous. 
\Yings hyaline, with distinct, dark brown nervures. Face more or less 
covered with short white hairs; head and thorax strongly and regularly 
punctate; prothorax with a median blue line, but no distinct grooves. 
Punctures on abdomen somewhat closer together, and hardly as large, as 
those on thorax, those on the dorsum of the third segment being especially 
hue and close, in contrast with the thoracic punctures. Pits distinct, about 
twelve in number, bordered above by purple; end of abdomen strongly 
bidentale. No median keel on any of the abdominal segments. Length 
about 6 mm. Type in Coll. Amer. Ent. Soc. 

Hab. Las Cruces, New Mex. , July 12, 1893. Two specimens. 
Apparently closely allied to, but distinct from, C. aurichalcca 
Provancher. The name mcsillcr is derived from the Mesilla Valley, 
in which Las Cruces is situated. 



-o- 



TWO INTERESTING NEW DIPTERA FROM WASHINGTON. 

By D. W. COQUILLETT, Washington, D. C. 

Criorhina i Cyiiorhina i johnsoni n. sp. 9- Head opaque black, lower 
third of front and the entire face yellow, cheeks narrowly yellow next-the 
eyes; proboscis not longer than height of head; antennae yellow, the third 
joint and arista brownish. Thorax shining metallic bron/e, its pile short, 
abundant, yellow; humeri yellow, pleura black, its pile yellow. Scutellum 
translucent pale yellow, its pile long, abundant yellow. Abdomen sliming 
metallic pale bluish, its pile short, sparse, depressed, yellow, that on hind 
end of the second segment broadly extending forward in middle of dor- 



126 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 

sum, and a cross-band on the third segment behind its middle, black. Legs 
yellow, apices of femora brown. Wings yellowish hyaline. Length 12 mm. 

Washington. Received from Prof. O. B. Johnson, after whom 
the species is named. Differs from all the previously described 
species by its translucent, yellow scutellum. The head resembles 
Figure 7, Plate IX, of Williston's "Synopsis of the North 
American Syrphidae," but the facial tubercle is larger, and the 
underside of the head is more nearly horizontal; the venation is 
similar to figure 3 of the same plate, except that the third vein 
is straighter and its last section longer. The thorax and scutellum 
are destitute of long, stout bristles. 

Ceroplatus fasciola n. sp. ?. Head, including the greatly flattened 
.antenna; and large palpi, dark brown, the retracted proboscis, base of 
third antennal joint, and a small spot beneath each antenna, yellow. 
Thorax shining brown, a medio-dorsal vitta on the posterior half, and the 
lateral margins, yellow; pleura yellow, a large spot above the middle 
coxae and small one above the hind coxa?, dark brown. Scutellum yellow, 
its base brown; center of metanotum dark brown. Abdomen shining 
blackish brown, base of each segment, except the first, yellow; on the 
second, third and fourth segments prolonged posteriorly as an indistinct 
dorsal vitta; coxa; and femora yellow, bases of middle and hind femora 
and of hind coxa?, blackish brown, tibia? and tarsi brownish-yellow. 
Wings pale yellowish, the apex between tip of first vein and of anterior 
branch of the fifth blackish, apex of anterior branch of fifth vein bordered 
with blackish, this color projecting into the fourth posterior cell near its 
middle; apex of auxiliary vein far beyond the origin of the third, being- 
opposite the origin of the fourth; subcostal cross-vein before the middle 
of the distance between humeral cross-vein and tip of this auxiliary vein; 
anterior branch of third vein very oblique, ending in costa beyond apex 
of first vein. Knob of halteres black. Length 10 mm. 

Washington. Received from. Prof. O. B. Johnson. The only 
other described North American species ( carbonarius ) has a 
wholly black thorax, and a black abdomen margined with white. 

o : 

STUDIES AMONG THE FOSSORIAL HYMENOPTERA. II. 

Synopsis of the N. Am. species of the genus Didineis Wesmael. 
By WILLIAM J. Fox. 

DIDINEIS Wesm. 

JJidiiifis Wesm., Revue Critique, p. 96, 1851. 
.Alyson Cresson, Synopsis, p. 117, 1887. 

This genus resembles Alyson in many respects, but can be at 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 1 27 

once distinguished by the submedian cell receiving the basal vein 
much before its apex, while in Alyson this vein is interstitial. 




FIG. I. Fore wing of Didineis \Vesni. 

FEMALES. 
Head and thorax black; abdomen red; spot on clypeus and scape beneath 

yellow . . texana. 

Head, thorax and abdomen reddish brown ; clypeus and scape of the 

same color peculiaris. 

MALES. 

Antenna; long and slender, the joints not at all nodose beneath, texaiia. 
AnteiiiKe stout, the joints of flagellum more or less nodose. 

Black, first two segments of abdomen red nodosa. 

Hntirely reddish brown, the apical segments of abdomen fuscous. 

peculiaris. 
T. Didineis texana Cress. 

. Hyson tc.rantis Cr. , Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. iv, p. 226, $, 1873. 
Didineis texana Handl., Sitzb. Akad. \Vissensch. Wien, Math- 
naturw. Classe, xcvi, p. 267, 9c?- 

^ Virginia, District of Columbia, Texas. Mr. 

~~\^^ J Guignard has sent me an unusually large speci- 

-* V men, taken at Ottawa, Canada, by Mr. W. H. 

KII;. 2. Last 2 joints Harrington. 

of male antenna. 

2. Didineis nodosa n. sp. 

. Anterior margin of clypeus subtruncate; front and vertex with very 
fine and close punctures; antenna; stout, the first joint of the flagellum 
longer than the second and much thickened beneath at the apex, joints 
2-5 also thickened in this manner, the tenth joint produced into an acute 
spine beneath at apex, the last joint very large and curved; metathorax 
with coarse striations, those within the elongate, semi-elliptic enclosure 
placed obliquely on each side of a longitudinal, central, raised line; fore 
legs much flattened and dilated, the lower margin of fore femora suban- 
gular medially; abdomen finely and closely punctured. First two seg- 
ments of abdomen red; tibia; and tarsi yellow-testaceous; scape beneath, 
clypeus, except in middle, inner orbits to about the middle of front yellow; 
last joint of flagellum reddish testaceous; wings subhyaline, iridescent, 
without tuscous markings. Length 6 mm. 
State of Washington. 



128 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April. 

4 

3. Didineis peculiaris n. sp. 

9 . Head rather well developed behind the eyes; front and vertex very 
finely and closely punctured; clypeus tridentate; first joint of the flagel- 
lum somewhat shorter than the following two joints united; dorsulum 
finely and closely punctured; metathorax rather finely rugose; abdomen 
finely and closely punctured; entirely reddish brown, the thorax beneath 
and apical joints of antennae blackish; clypeus and abdomen apically, 
sparsely clothed with white pubescence; wings subhyaline, in the region 
of the marginal, second submarginal and third discoidal cells there is a 
fuscous cloud. Length 8 mm. 

\ Antennae stout, joints 1-5 of flagelltim thickened or nodose at apex 

beneath, but not so strongly so as in nodosa, 
the last joint very large, curved and subtruncate 
at apex, the preceding joint spinose at apex 
beneath; anterior femora with the lower margin 
FIG. 3. Last two joints of rounded beneath ; colored like the 9 . except 
maie antenna. that the apical segments of the abdomen are 

blackish, and the inner orbits, scape beneath and anterior margin of cly- 
peus, yellow; wings with a fuscous cloud. Length 6-7 mm. 

Montana. The coloration will at once distinguish it from the 
other species. 




OBITUARY. 

HERMAN GLEISSNER, Rector of the 63 Parish School, Berlin. 
FRANZ VON MICKLITZ, K. K. FORSTMEISTER in Vienna. 

FRANCIS POLKINGHORNE PASCOE on the 2oth of June at Brighton, 
England. He was born in Penzance, Sept. i, 1813, was known through 
his interest in Coleoptera. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for March was mailed Feb. 28, 189.4. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS OE THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL. v. MAY, 1894. No. 5. 

CONTENTS: 



Fernald North Greenland Microlepid- 

optera 129 

Wadsworth Third addition to the list 



Economic Entomology 143 

Notes and News 146 

Entomological Literature 148 



of Dragonflies (Odonata) 132 ', Entomological Section 154 

Snyder Collecting in Utah 133 Van Duzee Synonymical notes on 

Williston On the genus Erax 136 ; some N. American Tettigonidse 156' 

Fernald Elementary Entomology 138 ; Cockerell A new wax-scale found in 

Webster Species of reared Coleoptera 140 I Jamaica 157 

Editorial 142 ' Brendel On some Pselaphidse 158 

NORTH GREENLAND MICROLEPIDOPTERA. 

By Prof. C. H. FERNALD, Amherst, Mass. 

The insects described in this paper were captured at McCor- 
mick Bay, North Greenland, in lat. 77 42' North, between July 
25 and Aug. i, 1891, by Mr. Levi W. Mengel, entomologist, and 
Dr. W. E. Hughes, ornithologist of the West Greenland expe- 
dition. This party was sent out by the Philadelphia Academy 
of Sciences to escort Lieut. R. E. Peary to his Winter quarters 
at McCormick Bay. 

Mr. Mengel wrote me as follows: "The microlepidoptera 
were caught at the following places: Godhavn, on Disco Island, 
two species at Upernavik, three specimens at Cape York, and 
the remainder were taken at McCormick Bay. I can safely say 
that 75 per cent, of all the insects were taken at this locality, 
though we had but two good collecting days while there, all the 
others being foggy, cold and damp. The insects, especially the 
micros, did not fly unless the sun was shining. 

" The shores at McCormick Bay, and in fact all the coast visited, 
sloped gently inward for distances ranging from 500 to 1000 
yards, rarely further, unless glaciers or glacial streams were de- 
scending from the ice cap. The side of the mountain then arose 



130 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

precipitously to the height of 2000 feet or more. It was along 
this narrow strip or belt of land bordering the sea that nearly all 
animal life was found. The soil was fairly fertile, though frozen 
below the depth of a few inches. Along this strip many flower- 
ing plants were growing. Here we caught many of our larger 
insects, but where the vegetation became scarce along the base 
of the mountain where the great mass of boulders lay which had 
become detached from the mountain side, the micros were most 
abundant. They were extremely hard to catch, and being nearly 
of the same color as the lichen-covered rocks, were more easily 
overlooked. When detected they would run rapidly and hide 
under some projecting leaf or rock. They flew with a quick 
jerky flight for a short distance and generally alighted on the 
rocks or on the lich'ens with which they were covered, and seldom 
alighted on the herbage. 

' ' Diligent search failed to discover any cocoons. Several minute 
larvae about one-fourth in. long, of a pea-green color were found 
crawling along the side of the boulder. I was unable to mid 
the food-plant, but attempted to raise them offering them both 
moss and lichen, but they refused to eat and died. Another larva 
was found on the stem of some species of Campanula. It was 
green inclining to olive in color on the forward part, and was 
about three-eights of an inch long. I attempted to raise this 
larva also, but it refused to eat, and therefore died. I believe, 
however, that it may have been the larva of one of the micros, 
though of course I do not know. 

" Willow and birch are the only trees found in Greenland, and 
in the northern part, at least, they never exceed four or live in- 
ches in height. I am inclined to think that these little trees are 
the food-plants of a number of species, notwithstanding the fact 
I was unsuccessful in locating the larvae." 

The information given by Mr. Mengel in his letter to me, ex- 
tracts of which are given above, is of great interest, and gives us 
a better idea of the conditions under which these insects lived 
than we might otherwise obtain. 

rnfortunately, all the specimens sent to me are marked ' ' Green- 
land," but Prof. Skinner, who sent them, stated that they were 
taken at McCprmick Bay. 

One of the species sent is a small pale green Geometer in very 
.;- condition, but strongly resembles Ncmoria. There were 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 13! 

also four examples of Laodama fusca Haw., one male and three 
females. This species has a wide distribution occurring over 
northern and central Europe, Japan, North America, Iceland and 
Greenland. 

The larva is supposed to feed on Bctiila and Calluna, and has 
been bred from the egg on Vaccinium myriillus, and also on 
Salix caprea. It is therefore very probable that the larvae of 
this species fed on the dwarf birch or willow as Mr. Mengel con- 
jectured. 

It is not probable that the larvae found by Mr. Mengel belonged 
to this species since the images were on the wing during the 
seven clays he was at McCormick Bay, and at this time they laid 
their eggs, which are known to hatch in about ten days, and they 
are supposed to hibernate during the Winter as half-grown 
caterpillars. 

There were in the collection thirty-two examples of Pyrausla 
torvalis Moesch. This species was first described by Moeschler 
in the Wiener Entom. Monatsch., Bandvii, p. 198, pi. v, fig. 16 
(1864), from Labrador, and Staudinger also gives the Pyranees 
as its habitat. The early stages and food-plant are unknown. 

The collection also contained ten examples of a new species 
which I have named for Mr. Mengel, the entomologist of the 
expedition, 

Sericoris mengelaua n. sp. Expanse of wings 20 mm. Head and an- 
teniue black; palpi black, whitish at the base, and with a whitish spot on 
the outside of the second joint. Thorax black, with a fe\v scattered white 
scales almost forming a band across the thorax just in front of the small 
tuft. Fore wings black, with a white spot on the basal third of the costa 
extending down to the median vein, and on the costa in the middle of 
tliis spi it there is a small black spot with another below it. On either side 
is an oblique black hairline through the white- spot, below which are ;i 
few scattered \vhit<- scale,. 1 Yon; tin- outer fourth of the costa a white 
band extends t-> the anal angle. This band sends out a prolongation on 
the costa and one into the cell, and it also has two black spots on the 
costa, the outer one of which is elongated. Two minute White spots rest 
on the deep black ground of the middle of the costa, and the basal part 
of the costa has a few sprinkles of white. The fringe is black at the a] 
but black and white mixed elsewhere. Hind wings and abdomen above 
dark ashy gray. Underside of the abdomen and wings ashy gray, with 
the markings of the upperside of the wings indicated. Legs dark brown, 
annulate with whitish. 

Described from ten examples in poor condition. 



132 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May r 

One of the most interesting features of this small collection is 
the very dark color of the insects. The specimens of the Lao- 
dama fusca, and also of Pyrausta torva/is, are much darker than 
any I have ever seen before, either of those taken in New Eng- 
land or in Labrador, but when we recall that Mr. Mengel states 
that they rest on the lichen-colored rocks we have not far to seek 
for the cause of this dark color. The lichens, which almost en- 
tirely cover the rocks in northern regions, are very dark brown 
or black, and when insects habitually rest on such places the 
lighter colored varieties are more easily seen and destroyed by 
their enemies and the dark forms are left to propagate the species, 
and, as a result, a dark race is formed in time. 



Third Addition to the list of Dragonflies Odonata of 
Manchester, Kennebec County, Maine. 

By Miss MATTIE WADSWORTH 

(See ENT. NEWS, vol. i, pp. 36, 55 ; vol. ii, p. n ; vol. iii, p. 8. 

lOfl. Lestes ung-uiculata Hag. 

1890, July 15, one over Snake Pond ; recently determined, 

6/. Enallagrna pollutum ? Hag. 

1893, June 29, two teneral $ S near Lake Cobbosseecontee. 

43ffl. Celithemis elisa Hag. 

1893, June 22, one 9 in pasture near woods. 

39. L-eucorhinia proxima Calvert. 

The 9 of this species has not been recorded from this locality. 

1892, June 15, one $ near brook. 

1893, June 18, 20, July n, one 9 each day, all near brook. 
These have been identified, as all others have been, by Mr. P. 

P. Calvert, of Philadelphia. 

Fifty-seven species of dragonflies have now been found in this 
place, and forty-five of these were seen or taken, during 1893. 
Of the rarer species but few were noted: one Cordulia (Somato- 
chlord) lepida Selys, one Gomphus parvulus Selys, and a G. 
spinosus Selys, were taken. The only Epitheca (Somatochlord) 
forcipata Scud, seen, was sufficiently accommodating to alight 
on the house and be taken by the hand. One Fonscolombia 
vinosa Say was found on the window, in the horse's stall. 



1894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 133 

COLLECTING IN UTAH.-Part I. 

By ARTHUR J. SNYDER. 

From Tuesday night, when I entered a darkened car in the 
yard of the Northwestern Depot at Chicago, until Friday about 
i P.M. seems a long time to continue traveling westward at the 
speed trains now attain "just to catch butterflies!" as "Billy," 
the waiter in our restaurant said. To any except interested natu- 
ralists such a trip may even seem ridiculous. 

Though my net and killing bottle were constantly at hand they 
proved of but little use until near the end of my journey. Once 
we were delayed in the midst of a seemingly boundless sage 
thicket by the breaking of our engine. I fully employed the 
time by making a thorough search for insects. My entire catch 
was two small Geometers which were whipped from the sage. 
One other moth was started which resembled a Syneda, but it 
escaped. 

At Croyden, Utah, while the train stopped for a few moments 
I found butterflies abundant, especially on the flowei-s of a spe- 
cies of Echinosternum. Several Lyccena, a Melitcea, and Pyrgus 
ccespitalis were taken here. 

About noon on Friday our train reached the beautiful city 01 
Ogden. Here I parted company with Mr. Vernon Bailey, col- 
lector of birds and mammals for the Smithsonian Institute, and 
who had introduced himself at once on noting my collecting outfit. 
Although our acquaintance was of but a few hours, it was pleasant 
to meet some one interested in the same line of work who had 
been over the ground and could, in that brief time, give me valu- 
able information concerning the territory in which I was to collect. 

From Ogden to Salt Lake City was but a short trip through 
fields of Alfalfa then in bloom, and especially beautiful after 
having passed through hundreds of miles of sage brush. 

It is not my purpose to fully describe the delightful scenery 
nor to enter into an extended description of the beautiful city ol 
Salt Lake. Cool mountain streams are always refreshing, but to 
see them flowing where we usually see filthy gutters was indeed 
a restful and interesting sight. 

After wandering for a short time through the beautiful wide 
streets of the city and securing a room, I at once began the chase. 
The first specimen seen was P. nttnlns. In the streets of the 



134 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

city, and away from the busy parts, I soon found Chrysophanus 
helloides in abundance. One of my first captures was a perfect 
Epicallia virginalis, which had just emerged from the chrysalis, 
crawled onto a weed and had not yet tried its wings. This spe- 
cies I found only in the vicinity of Salt Lake, and though quite 
a number were seen flying about only four were taken in all. 

On this first afternoon P. camillus, P. pratensis, Leucarctia 
acrea, Coenonympha ochracea, Lyccena acmon, a Pamphila and 
Plusia californica were taken besides those I have mentioned. 
The Phyciodes and Coenonympha were quite common on blossoms 
of Alfalfa. 

On the following morning not knowing where to go I started 
out to find the best resorts and took the north side of the city. 
Trains run from Salt Lake City to the Salt Springs and Bountiful. 
From the terminus of the car line I started for the mountains 
modestly, as I thought, determined to go to one of the nearest 
banks of snow and be content for the first day. About noon the 
snow seemed as far away as ever so I gave it up and started oil 
my return. During this forenoon I saw for the first time the 
beautiful CaUochortus nuttallii or Sego Lily, the flower of Utah, 
In the lowlands I found the same species of insects as on the day 
previous and P. tessellata, also Vanessa milbertii. On the moun- 
tains L. pheres and L. acmon were abundant, with an occasional 
Eudamus nevada. One P. rutulus was taken, and several were 
seen about the blossoms of Honey Locust trees. It may be of 
interest to note that at Bountiful I found the fruit trees nearly 
stripped of foliage by the larvae of Clisiocampa californica (1 may 
be wrong as to species); californica was abundant at Park City 
later in season, and I think this was the same. 

A trip on Monday forenoon to the lowlands in the vicinity ot 
the Jordan River convinced me that collecting in dry localities 
was not profitable. The Ccenonyuipha, pamphiloides and ochracea 
were found here, also a few Lyccena and Phyciodes. 

In the afternoon, with Prof. Smith of the Salt Lake Academy, 
a trip was taken to Red Butte Canon up on the mountains above 
Fort Douglass. There the first Argynnis were taken. It sur- 
prises one not accustomed to the mountains to note the changes 
in vegetation as he ascends. On this trip a few A. meadii were 
seen and several taken. In a few days this species and A. neva- 
densis were abundant in the same locality. Along a tramway 



IS94-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 135 

running up this canon Nisoniades brizo, Eudamus nevada, E. 
tityrns, Lyccsna pheres and acmon, Pyrgus tessellata and numer- 
ous beautiful Odonata were found. 

As an illustration of the abundance of the Argynnis, on June 
2oth, fifty of the two species meadii and nevadentis were taken. 
The former were found in the valley or lower part of the canon, 
and nearly all were taken on the blossoms of Achillea millefolium. 
I soon found the easiest way to take them was to walk up and 
down the road and quietly capture them while sipping the nectar, 
for when once started they were not easily caught. 

The A. nevadensis were found farther up the mountain sides, 
and were most abundant on the sunny slopes, where they were 
flitting close to the ground under and through the Artemisia. 
Several unsuccessful chases up the mountain side and one or two 
falls made me wonder if there was not a better way. I noted that 
nearly all were working their way up the mountain and seemed 
to prefer a certain wind-protected patch leading up a narrow but 
not deep gorge which was so steep one could only ascend it by 
holding to the shrubs of Artemisia and Quercus gambelii. 

On taking my place near the head of this gorge, I found the 
question solved, for I had simply to stand and with one quick 
sweep of the net capture them as they attempted to pass. This 
method proved so much easier and more satisfactory that I gave 
up tearing clothes and nets in chasing specimens through the 
thick brush. It was often interesting to note butterflies flitting 
from flower to flower up the mountain keeping in the sunlight as 
the source of light gradually sank to rest behind the hills and 
then returning to the valleys in same manner the next morning. 

The valleys or cuts between parallel ranges always were the 
' best places for collecting, except for such genera as Parnassius 
and Chionobas. 

Besides species mentioned, Anthocharis ausonides, Nisoniades 
lucilius, Limenitis weidemeyerii, Melit&a nubigena, Colias ed- 
wardsii, Pieris occidentalis , D. archippus and Pyrameis carye 
were taken in Red Butte Canon. 

June 23d I left Salt Lake City for Park City, which is thirty- 
two miles away, and at an elevation of 7000 feet. Here the most 
of my collecting was done, an account of which will be given in 
mv next article. 



136 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

On August i gth Mrs. S. and myself returned to Salt Lake, 
and Monday the 2ist visited Red Butte Canon for the last time. 
Satyrus ariane was abundant, but all old and mostly broken 
specimens. A few Pamphila agricola, two Theda melimis, and 
quite a number of Theda crysalus were taken. Two Catocala 
were seen, the only specimens noted during our trip. Several 
Syneda were seen, but of the genus Catocala both Park City and 
Salt Lake regions seemed to be barren. On the mountains above 
Park City Syneda adumbrata was abundant. 

Another, to me, unaccountable fact was, that nothing would 
come to sugar. A preparation which always proves successful 
here was tried at Park City, but nothing not one specimen, so far 
as I could determine, came even to sample the mixture. Another 
preparation, suggested by Mr. B. Neumoegen, was tried night 
after night with the same results. I can only account for this in 
one of two ways: either the nights were too cold, or the altitude 
too great. What few Noctuids I took came to the light from my 
lamp placed in an open window, or were taken during the day- 
time on shrubs and grasses. 

Before closing this first article I wish to repeat and emphasize 
two suggestions which I had from Dr. Skinner just after I began 
collecting in Utah: First, "Take every specimen you see;" 
second, ' ' Whenever possible take specimens of the sexes in coitu 
placing them in same paper. ' ' 

I believe that no one can positively identify species on the wing. 
In my own experience some of my best captures were made when 
I supposed I was taking old acquaintances. A beautiful female 
Argynnis leto was supposed to be a faded Vanessa antiopa until 
Mrs. S. assured me it was not, and I captured it by way of proof. 



-o- 



ON THE GENUS ERAX. 

By S. W. WILLISTON. 

Next to Asilus, in its wide sense, there is no genus of the 
Asilidae which presents more difficulties to the student than does 
Erax. Osten Sacken well expresses these difficulties in his work 
on the Central American Diptera in the "Biologia." There 
are quite a number of species described by the older authors 
which will probably never be determined with certainty until their 
types are examined, if they ever are, for doubtless some of the 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 137 

types are no longer in existence. Furthermore, the genus is a 
large one; it has already become unwieldy, and it requires divi- 
sion, for convenience sake, if nothing else. Hitherto, however, 
there have been no characters discovered which will satisfactorily 
serve this purpose. In my attempt at the elucidation of our own 
species, in the "Transactions" Amer. Ent. Soc. xii, p. 64, I was 
tempted to separate three by an anomalous peculiarity in the 
neuration, but forbore to do so for reasons which seemed to be 
important. Mr. Coquillett has, however, recently used this char- 
acter to define his genus Efferia* in which he has located two 
of these species and described three new ones. But these new 
species themselves add still another objection to the acceptation 
of his genus. It makes comparatively little difference how far 
we divide genera, provided natural relationships are not disturbed. 
In the present case we have characters which show decided re- 
lationships ignored, and species brought together which have 
their nearest allies in different groups of Erax, as it now remains 
with Mr. Coquillett' s species removed. In E. anomalus, one of 
the species included in Efferia, a striking character is the pilosity 
of the abdomen, which is, as I described it, "parted down the 
middle and combed outwards," a character found only in Candida 
among the other species of Efferia, but which does occur in va- 
rious other species of Erax, E. stamineus for instance. Again, 
in certain species of Erax, E. jiibatus for example, we find an 
equally remarkable development of the hair of the mesonotum, 
which is developed "mane-like" along the middle. This char- 
acter occurs in only one of the six species with three submarginal 
cells, E. rava Coq. Furthermore, should the genus be accep- 
table, it would be better to use the name Eichoichcmus, proposed 
for it by Bigot, with Erax flavianalis Macquart (Dipt. Exot. 
Suppl. iii, p. 1 86, pi. ii, fig. i2a, not 13) as its type. 



A Scotchman who wanted to sell some bees inserted the following ad- 
vertisement in the local paper: " Extensive sale of live stock, comprising 
no less than 140,000 head, with an unlimited right of pasturage." New 
York Tribune. 

* " Canadian Entomologist," xxv, p. 175. 



I3 8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May r 

ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY. 

MICROLEPIDOPTERA. Part II. 
By Prof. C. H. FERNALD, Amherst, Mass. 



The family Tineidae or Leaf-miners, is one of the largest of the 
Lepidoptera. It includes insects ranging in expanse of wings 
from 3 to 55 mm., but a large majority are much below the me- 
dium size. Notwithstanding their abundance they have been 
very much neglected by collectors and students in this country. 

The head in some species is covered above and in front with 
erect hair-like scales which give it a rough appearance. Other 
species have the head rough above, but smooth in front, and still 
others have the head covered in front and above with scales that 
lie flat, giving the head a smooth appearance over the whole sur- 
face. The tongue is generally present, though sometimes absent. 
The labial palpi are almost always present, often long, curved up 
in front, with the third joint long, slim and pointed, especially 
in many of the larger species, which in other respects, more or 
less resemble the Tortricids. Sometimes they are short and in- 
clined downwards. In som,e species they are covered with scales 
that are closely appressed to the surface, and in others with loose 
diverging hairs, and sometimes the second joint is more or less 
tufted. 

The maxillary palpi are generally, though not always, present 
and sometimes have as many as rive or six joints. The ocelli 
are present in some species, but absent in others. The eyes are 
quite prominent, circular, ovoid, or elliptical in outline. The 
antennae are generally from two-thirds to three-fourths as long as 
the costa, though in a few cases they are less than half as long as 
the wing, while on the other hand they are sometimes three or 
four times as long as the fore wing. They are generally smooth, 
though in some species they are more or less strongly ciliated. 
Frequently a tuft of hair arises from the basal joint, and in some 
groups this joint is expanded into a broad concave cap, which 
entirely covers the eye when the insect is at rest. 

The thorax is smooth, and the abdomen has no unusual char- 
acters. The legs are rather long and slim. The fore tibiae usu- 
ally have a tibial plate near the end, and the middle tibiae have a 
pair of spurs at the end, while the hind tibiae have a pair of spurs 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 139 

at the end and another pair near the middle. The inner spurs 
are much longer than the outer. The hind tibiae are in many 
species clothed with long hairs along the upperside. 

The wings vary in form from trapezoidal to narrow or lanceo- 
late, and in most cases have long fringes, especially toward the 
anal angle of the hind wings. The venation is normal in those 
species that have broad wings, but incomplete in many of the 
narrow winged species. The hind wings are of plain colors and 
without markings, while the fore wings of many, especially of 
the smaller species, are most beautifully and brilliantly colored, 
and the markings are very sharply defined. I know ot nothing 
in nature that rivals the indescribable beauty of many of these 
little minims of creation. Without doubt the plan of coloration 
was inherited, but heightened and intensified by natural selection. 
Some years ago while walking by a maple tree I saw what looked 
like the excrement of a small bird on a leaf of the maple, but, 
on closer examination, it proved to be a Stenoma schlcegeri rest- 
ing on the leaf. So perfect was the resemblance to the excrement 
of a bird that the protection seemed perfect. This observation 
has been made by others on the same insect. 

The members of this family are principally vegetable feeders, 
yet a few of them feed on hair, feathers, and woolen fabrics, often 
causing great injury. Many of those living on vegetable matter 
are of economic importance since they feed on such plants as are 
of direct value to man, while a large number of the species feed 
on plants that are of little or no value. 

The larvae of the larger species feed under ground on the roots 
of plants; between leaves rolled or drawn together; or burrow 
in stems, fungi or decayed wood. Some of the larvae of the 
smaller species live in peculiarly shaped cases which they form 
from portions of the leaves on which they feed. The great ma- 
jority of the smaller species mine between the cuticles of the 
leaves. These mines are very plainly visible, and their peculiar 
form is characteristic of the species. 

A few of these insects hibernate during the Winter in the imago 
state; a much larger number hibernate in the larval state, while 
many pass the Winter in the pupal state. 

Some of the species fly in the middle of the day in the hot sun; 
others fly in the night, but a great majority fly in the early morn- 
ing or near sunset, especially on warm and calm evenings. Very 



14 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

few are attracted to light or to sugar, but many of the larger 
species are easily "flushed" from their resting places and may 
be taken in the net. 

The Tineidae have a world- wide distribution, but certain groups 
are better represented in some parts of the world than in others. 
They have been discovered in rocks of the Miocene period and 
also in amber, indicating their presence on earth in early tertiary 
times. 

The classifications thus far given are based too largely on su- 
perficial characters, except the one given of a part of the family 
by Mr. Meyrick, and this needs verification for the species of 
this country. I have already made critical studies on the structure 
of a large number of our species, but have not yet gone far 
enough to give a satisfactory synoptical table. 

o 

NOTES ON A FEW SPECIES OF REARED COLEOPTERA. 

By F. M. WEBSTER. 

Leptotrachelus dorsalis Fab. The larvae of this species were 
first observed by me on July 22, 1884, actively engaged in de- 
stroying the larvae of the wheat straw worm, hosomatritici Riley, 
which the reaper had left exposed in the stubble. Early in Au- 
gust they were observed to stop the cavity in the upper end of 
the stubble with bits detached from the inside and rolled into a 
ball. August nth larvae, pupee and adults were observed in 
stubbles that had thus been plugged up, a single individual only 
occupying a stubble. I have no description of the larva, except 
that it is slender, depressed, 8 mm. in length and very active. 
See Rep. Comm. Agr. 1884, p. 387. 

Phalacrus politus Mels. Adults reared August 4th from heads 
of rye affected with smut. Larva? observed in these heads on 
July i2th, at which time they were isolated in breeding-jar. The 
same species breeds in smut on corn. 

Neoclytus erythrocephalus Fab. Observed female ovipositing 
in trunk of dead apple tree at Columbus, Ohio, July 21-24, fSgi. 
From this same tree trunk adults emerged May 31, 1892. 

Bruchus mimus Say. Reared from seeds of Red Bud, Cercis 
canadensis L. 

Disonycha caroliniana Fab. I reared the adult at Lafayette, 
Ind. , from a larva captured while feeding on the foliage of the 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 14! 

common Purslane, Portiilaca oleracea L. Dr. Horn ("Transac- 
tions" Am. Ent. Soc. vol. xvi, p. 205) states that the species 
occurs from Pennsylvania to Florida, he having also a specimen 
in his cabinet from Missouri, "doubtful as to locality." My 
specimen was determined at the Department of Agriculture at 
Washington, where it was sent under No. 1376, July 6, 1891. 

Cistela brevis Say. I have reared adults of this from pupae 
found in the decaying portion of a trunk of Red Bud, Cercis 
canadensis L. in Illinois, where, in the northern portion as well 
as in Indiana and Ohio, I have collected the light colored form, 
while in Ohio both this and the black form occur. It was the 
light form that was reared. 

Apion segnipes Say. Adults, larvae and pupae, found in pods 
of Tephrosia mrginiana Pers. collected near Toledo, Ohio, Oc- 
tober 5th, by Mr. J. S. Hine. The major portion of the larvae 
had transformed in the pods, in the fields, as early as i4th of 
September. 

Brachy 'tarsus limbatus Say. Adults were observed in the act 
of ovipositing in the bloom of Sneeze-weed, Helenium autumale 
L. near Wooster, Ohio, September yth. Larvae reach full growth 
in the fall and abandon the plants, emerging from the ground as 
adults the following Spring. The larvae are rather robust, white, 
with brown heads, and are usually observed in the curved position 
common to Rhynchophorus larvae. 



NOTE ON PLATYPSYLLUS. Since the discovery of this insect much has 
been written about it by various authors, but none have indicated any 
means for distinguishing the sexes. Having recently received a very 
large series collected near Fort Yuma, Cal., the opportunity has been 
afforded for examining with a view to determining the sexual peculiarities. 

As received, in alcohol, the females are apparently longer and are not 
bent in arc, the males shorter and bent. The wedge-shaped prosternal 
plate is almost absolutely smooth in the female, but with numerous coarse 
punctures, especially posteriorly in the male. The last ventral segment 
is oval at tip in the female, truncate or even slightly emarginate in the 
male. Finally, the anterior tarsi are slender in the female, and as com- 
pared with the tibiae longer, while in the male there is a distinct shortening 
and thickening of the three basal joints. 

In 39 specimens examined, 12 were females and 27 males, showing a 
preponderance of more than two to one in the males. G. H. HI >K.\, M.D. 



142 [May, 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Published monthly (except July and August), in charge of the joint 
publication committees of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, and the American Entomological 
Society. It will contain not less than 300 pages per annum. It will main- 
tain no free list whatever, but will leave no measure untried to make it a 
necessity to every student of insect life, so that its very moderate annual 
subscription may be considered well spent. 

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION $1.00, IS ADVANCE. 

fg^* 1 All remittances should be addressed to E. T. Cresson, Treasurer, 
P. O. Box 248, Philadelphia, Pa.; all other communications to the Editors 
of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA, PA., MAY, 1894. 
TYPE SPECIMENS. 

WE have received a letter from Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell which ex- 
presses our views exactly in regard to type specimens, and we think it so 
important that we reproduce it here. The majority of types are not 
unique, and at least one could be spared for some public collection : 

" I want, so far as possible, to make a practise of always sending you 
type specimens along with the descriptions, and I think it would be a re- 
markably good thing if no descriptions were allowed to stand unless the 
types were deposited in a public collection. In the term ' public collec- 
tion' I should include such as that of the American Entomological Society, 
which I understand can always be seen by respectable entomologists. 

" I do not think for a moment that we really could refuse to recognize 
descriptions not thus represented by types; but we might at least make 
the practise of placing types in accessible collections a common one, so 
that public opinion would condemn those who failed to do so. In certain 
instances it seems justifiable to retain types during one's life-time. Thus, 
Lord Walsingham is keeping his types of Tineidae, which he no doubt 
finds necessary for his work; but he has arranged that upon his death they 
shall go to the British Museum. Such a collector as Dr. Holland ought 
certainly to do the same; possibly he has done so. If on his death his 
numerous types were distributed by sale it would be a great pity, and I 
might add, a serious injustice to other lepidopterists all over the world." 



PICTURES for tin- .illmi/i of the American Entomological Society have 
been received from Prof. I). S. Kellicott, Dr. R. E. Kunze, C. V. Piper, 
A. G. Weeks, Jr., M. |. Elrod. We have not received nearly all that we 
would like. We want pictures of all the entomologists of the world. 



1894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 143 

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, 



Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J. 

"A strange Worm on a Grapevine." A singular worm was picked from 
a leaf of a grapevine yesterday by an aged gentleman, and was shown to 
a number of people who have seen all sorts of worms, but who never 
before beheld a worm like unto this. The creature was brought to the 
Call office for exhibition and description. The worm is about two inches 
and a half in length and a third of an inch in thickness. The color re- 
sembles the underside of a grape leaf. The head is quite large in pro- 
portion to the body and contains a large bright eye set in the forehead. 
The worm has fourteen very short feet and walks backward, the tail being 
erected and having the intelligent motions of a head. The motions of 
the body are quick and sinuous, and the feet have a remarkable strength 
in adhering to objects. The most singular feature of the worm, however, 
consists of a number of small white points sticking out from its body and 
sides like quills on the fretful porcupine. These are probable cocoons 
containing the young of the species. From the Newark Sunday Call. 

"Grass-eating Insects." Bulletin No. 64 of the Cornell Experiment 
Station makes a departure in the character of publications issued by Ex- 
periment Stations. The work is entitled, "A synopsis of the species of 
Crambus of the Ithaca fauna," and it is a thesis in Entomology by Mr. 
E. P. Felt. The Bulletin covers rather more than fifty pages and is partly 
popular, but much more technical. There are described first, the general 
habits of the species of Crainbus and the remedies to be used against them 
as a whole. Following we have a synopsis of twenty-seven species, based 
first upon the markings and afterward upon the sexual characters. This 
again is lollowed by special notes on certain of the species in which there 
is an extremely generalized description of the insects, and a great deal 
more detailed description in many cases of the early stages, together with 
records of raptures, etc. Finally, we have notes on the affinities of the 
species, a very complete bibliographical list in which also geographical 
distribution of the species is given, and a series of fourteen plates illus- 
trating vi-nation, the sexual characteristics, certain egg shapes and the 
wing maculation of tin- twenty-seven species. To the farmer the Bulletin 
will be of little value, principally because the character of the publication 
will prevent him from reading it. and it was not written primarily with the 
interest of the fanner in view. From the scientific standpoint the infor- 
mation contained in the Bulletin is very decidedly interesting, and it is a 
distinct contribution to our knowledge of these insects. There is much 
that is original in the observations made, and of course the studies on 
sexual structure, venation, etc., are original, and probably accurate. The 
work will be an extremely useful one to entomologists, and it brings up 
again the question that I have already mentioned on previous occasions 



144 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May r 

as to the character of the Bulletins to be issued by the Experiment Stations. 
There is room for differences of opinion, and in that view the matter is 
beyond the domain of criticism; still, I cannot help feeling that a special 
publication of this character is misplaced in a Bulletin. The farmer will 
not understand it, and if unfortunately he locks over a Bulletin of this 
character and finds it beyond him, he is very apt to base an adverse judg- 
ment upon Bulletins as a whole. The other objection is one that I have 
previously made, and is that the information is not thus made completely 
accessible to the scientific man. The Bulletin is good, and I would advise 
every entomologist to get it if possible; but I would be as anxious to keep 
it out of the hands of the farmer. The only criticism that need be made 
is that the description of the species should have been a little more com- 
plete, and that all of the species should have been described, even though 
no biological notes were at hand. While the figures are good, yet in 
some cases a few words of description would make matters certain where 
doubt is left. 

Injurious Insects and the use of Insecticides. Under this title we have 
a book of 216 pages by Frank W. Sempers, published by W. Atlee Burpee 
& Co., of Philadelphia. This firm are seed dealers and growers, and have 
published a number of books which are used in some measure to adver- 
tise themselves, being distributed as premiums to those purchasing a cer- 
tain amount in value of seeds. Mr. Sempers is not an entomologist, and 
the book is -a compilation. On the whole it is a very convenient little 
publication, giving a considerable amount of information gathered from 
generally reliable sources, and it is one that will be an addition to the 
library of every practical agriculturist. While there is little to be said in 
criticism of what the book actually contains, very much could be said in 
criticism of what it does not contain. In other words, one of the chief 
faults of the book is that the selection of insects to be treated is not the 
most judicious possible. Quite a number of the most destructive forms 
of the Eastern and Middle United States are omitted, while a considerable 
number that are scarcely ever heard of as practically injurious are treated 
at some length. Sometimes, also, one local account of an insect is used 
to the exclusion of equally important records from other localities. For 
instance, Heliothis armiger is treated only as a cotton insect, while no- 
thing is said of its injuries to corn, and especially to early tomatoes, where 
they are grown. Mr. Sempers' ignorance of entomological literature ap- 
pears sometimes where complete accounts of species have been published 
in places other than those Reports and Bulletins that appear to be acces- 
sible to him. Thus fhe very complete life-history of the Strawberry 
weevil published in " Insect Life" has been overlooked, and all the infor- 
mation taken from the rather incomplete account published at the Dela- 
ware Station. There are several other instances of this character; but 
nevertheless, if the book be not taken too literally, or as being up to date 
in all respects, it will be a very handy one for practical use. 



IS94-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 145 

The Periodical Cicada. Before the end of the month for which this num- 
ber is issued the voice of the Cicada will be heard in the land. The brood 
is a large one, quite widely distributed, and will be one of considerable 
importance to the agriculturist, unless all previous experiences are over- 
tured. It will give another opportunity for close observation concerning 
the actual distribution of the species within State lines, and as there are 
perhaps more working entomologists at the present time than ever before, 
our knowledge of the actual distribution of the species should be better 
denned than ever before. Warnings have been given to fruit-growers that 
it would be unadvisable to set out young trees during the present Spring 
in those localities where the insects are known to have occurred. A feature 
that it will be worth while to observe rather closely during the present 
year, is the influence of Sparrow, that is, of course, the English Sparrow, 
upon the number of these insects. A few years ago when the Cicada ap- 
peared in Washington, D. C., and was so elaborately and completely 
studied by Dr. Riley and his force, the Sparrows destroyed a very large 
proportion of the specimens. About the same time a brood appeared 
upon Long Island, extending for a distance of about five miles through a 
territory that was rather closely examined by myself, embracing Prospect 
Park and the Ocean Parkway toward Coney Island, along the whole of 
which distance the English Sparrow has taken undisputed possession to 
the almost entire extermination of a considerable number of our native 
birds. At that time I found that the Sparrows had also practically exter- 
minated the Cicada, because an entire day's search gave me just one 
punctured branch, showing eggs deposited. It is, of course, that I do not 
mean to suggest that that was the only one that escaped; but it is rather 
remarkable that where the insects were present in such numbers that ovi- 
position should have been so restricted as to make the finding of punc- 
tured twigs so difficult a matter. The Sparrows are still becoming more 
and more numerous each year, and their influence upon the future reoc- 
currence of this particular brood will be more than ever important. I 
would suggest that every collector and every entomologist make special 
observations in the direction of the relation of English Sparrow and the 
Cicada. On the first appearance of the insects note whether there is a 
special congregation of the birds in the places where they are most abun- 
dant. Observe the length of the period during which the insects remain, 
and whether there is an abrupt cessation within a space of ten days or 
two weeks. Finally, the region covered by them, or that in which they 
were most abundant, should be rather closely searched over for egg punc- 
tures, and in this way a basis of observed facts will be gathered that will 
enable us to see whether the next appearance of these insects will be in 
anything like the numbers of the present expected invasion. 



So light is the spider's web that a pound weight of it will reach around 
the world, and leave enough to reach from Liverpool to New York. New 
York World. 



146 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

Notes and 



ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS 
OF THE GLOBE. 

[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit, and will thankfully receive items 
of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given 
in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] 



To Contributors. All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our 
earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- 
ence, as to make it necessary to put " copy'' into the hands of the printer, for each number, 
three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- 
portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be 
given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the 
number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. ED. 



EARLY BUTTERFLIES. March iSth of the present year was the warmest 
March day in my recollection. Pieris rapes and Colias philodice were 
seen in numbers, and also a fine male Papilio turnus. P. rapes and C. 
philodice generally make their appearance around Mt. Airy about the 
beginning of April, and P. turnus a month or so later. P. LAURENT, 
Mt. Airy, Pa. 

THE MARTINDALE collection of Lepidoptera has been purchased by the 
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. In this the Academy pos- 
sesses the finest museum collection in America. It is in nine fine cabinets, 
containing 320 large drawers. The specimens are nearly all faultless, 
having been largely purchased from dealers. It contains many exceed- 
ingly rare species. 

CASSIDA NEBULOSA Linn. In a recent letter from Mr. G. C. Champion 
I have received the following: " I cannot separate your Cassida from the 
European nebulosa. It is supposed to be destructive to crops of beet in 
Europe, and has been called the beet shield-beetle. It is recorded from 
Persia, Siberia, etc." 

This message accompanies the return of a Cassida given to nie by Mr. 
A. Bolter, collected near the Santa Ana River, California, and indicates 
the presence of a possibly injurious insect. The species resembles tcxana 
in sculpture, but is darker in general color. The elytra have numerous 
5tnall black spots. GEO. H. HORN, M.D. 

IDENTITY OF PEZOMACHUS AND HEMITELES. The note of Mr. \V. H. 
Patton, under this head in the April number of ENT. NEWS, leads me to 
record the fact that I have reared Pezomachus obscurus Cress, and Hcmi- 
teles drassi Riley, simultaneously, from the same nest of a Drassid spider. 
This was of course not conclusive evidence of their generic identity, but 
I have not been able to get rid of a suspicion that such might ultimately 
prove to be the case, especially as my breedings belonged to opposite 
sexes, the Hctniteles being all of them males and the Pezomachus females. 
F. M. WEBSTER. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 147 

AN EARLY MOTH. It may be of interest to some of the readers of the 
NEWS as to which species of our Geometric! moths is first to make its ap- 
pearance in the Spring time. In the neighborhood of Philadelphia Anis- 
opteryx vernata Harr. is no doubt the first to appear. My earliest record 
is March i3th, while this year the first was observed March i6th, at Salem, 
Mass. The species has been observed as early as February 25th (Packard, 
" Monograph of the Geometrid moths of the U. S." p. 403). Anisoptcryx 
vernata is common in some parts of the New England States, while in 
eastern Pennsylvania it is comparatively rare and causes but little damage. 
PHILIP LAURENT, Philadelphia, Pa. 

NOTE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF ALETIA ARGILLACEA Hbn. in Ohio. 
On Sept. 24, 1891, I captured an adult at electric light in the city of Co- 
lumbus. Oct. 4, 1893, at Wooster, I took another specimen, in daytime, 
this one being to all appearances freshly emerged and without the least 
blemish. These notes are given, not on account of their individual value, 
but with the hope that, when the phenomena of the northern occurrence 
of the species is better understood, they may be of service to some one, 
somewhere. F. M. WEBSTER. 

GRAF-KRUSI, of Gais, St. Gall, Switzerland, has sent us a sample of his 
silk butterfly-net. This is a folding net with three hinge joints and can be 
folded very compactly. The special feature of the frame is the arrange- 
ment by which any size stick can be made to fit, which is a very great 
convenience. The most interesting part is the net proper, which is com- 
posed of silk and is very light in weight, yet of exceedingly great strength. 
It is impossible to force a hole through the net with the fingers on account 
of the strength of the silk and the admirable and ingenious way in which 
the interlacing meshes are locked, which may be seen under a glass. Such 
a net would last a long time and would be useful in tropical countries and 
in the vicinity of blackberry bushes or other vegetation which interferes 
with the work of the collector. The net is also very inexpensive (see adv.). 

Is IT so ? Longevity of parasites in dead larvae. In September, 1892, 
I found a number of full-grown larvae of Paonias astylus. which after a 
few days went into the ground, with the exception of two of them; these 
I found dead in the breeding-cage one morning, without being able to 
ascertain cause of it, as there was absolutely no visible trace of their 
having been stung by parasites, or suffering from other disease. Being 
anxious to preserve these larvae and to show them to my entomological 
friends, I placed them in a glass bottle, tilled with alcohol, and out same 
on a shelf in my study, frequently looking at them, but never noticing any 
change in their appearance. By some accident the glass bottle containing 
these specimens fell to the floor and was broken, when I discovered this, 
early in March (1894), a week or so after it had occurred, I found the 
dried up larvae covered with the small white cocoons of the ichneumon 
fly (Pteromalussv. ?), certainly a most remarkable thing after their having 
been in alcohol nearly one and a half years. H. AICH, 43 Murray St., N. Y. 



148 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

To THE EDITOR. In reply to your postal of yesterday I beg to say I 
have not communicated to you any " fake" story, but merely related facts. 
It is absolutely impossible to suppose that the dead larvae referred to were 
stung after the bottle was broken, for at this time of the year it is not 
likely that ichneumon flies should exist in my study, which, by the way, 
is a rather cold room. As I stated before, I carefully examined larvae at 
the time they died, because they looked perfectly healthy, and I was at a 
loss to account for their death. My theory now, after appearance of the 
ichneumon cocoon is, that they were stung when quite full grown, that 
worms destroyed intestines of the larvae, causing their death, and that 
they had been feeding inside the dead body all the time, because the al- 
cohol prevented their usual way of coming to the surface. The facts are 
and remain, that the dead larvae after being preserved in alcohol for nearly 
one and a half years were found covered with cocoons of an ichneumon 
fly on the floor, together with the remnants of the broken bottle. HER- 
MANN AICH. 



Identification of Insects (Imagos) for Subscribers. 



Specimens will be named under the following conditions : ist, The number of species- 
to be limited to twenty-five for each sending; 2d, The sender to pay all expenses of trans- 
portation and the insects to become the property of the American Entomological Society ; 
3d, Each specimen must have a number attached so that the identification may be an- 
nounced accordingly. Exotic species named only by special arrangement with the Editor, 
who should be consulted before specimens are sent. Send a 2 cent stamp with all insects 
for return of names. Before sending insects for identification, read page 41, Vol. Ill, 
Address all packages to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy Natural Sciences, Logan 
Square, Philadelphia, Pa. 



Entomological Literature. 



1. NATURE. London, March i, 1894. Note on the habits of a Jamaican 
spider \_Nephila clavipes], T. D. A. Cockerell. March 22. The suspen- 
sion of foreign bodies from spiders' webs, R. Philipp. 

2. SCIENCE GOSSIP. London, March, 1894. Roosting butterflies, J. 
T. Carrington, figs. 

3. THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. Philadelphia, March, 1894. A cu- 
rious hemipteron [Reduvius personatus}, L. Highfield. April, 1894. The 
white marked Tussock-moth (Orgyia leucostignia Sm. and Abb.) in 
Chicago, J. L. Hancock, figs. 

4. THE OTTAWA NATURALIST, February and March, 1894. Corydalis 
cornuta, J. Fletcher. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 149 

5. BERICHTE DER NATURFORSCHENDEN GESELLSCHAFT zu Freiburg i 
B. viii. Zoologische Abhandlungen August Weismann zu seinem sech- 
zigsten Geburtstage 17 Januar, 1894, gewidmet; 1894. On abnormal con- 
ditions in the beehive, Dr. O. vom Rath. On seasonal dimorphism and 
polymorphism among Japanese Lepidoptera, Dr. A. Fritze. 

6. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, 1892. Brook- 
ville, Ind., 1893. Modern geographical distribution of insects in Indiana, 
F. M. Webster, i map. A partial list of new species of parasitic Hymen- 
optera reared in Indiana, id. The Locustidae of Indiana, W. S. Blatchley. 
The Blattid&e of Indiana, id. 

7. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY, 1894, pt. i. Lon- 
don, February, 1894. The progress and present state of our knowledge 
of the Acari (President's address), A. D. Michael. 

8. THE AMERICAN TERTIARY APHID.E, with a list of the known species 
and tables for their determination. By Samuel Hubbard Scudder. Ex- 
tract from the thirteenth annual report of the Director of the U. S. Geo- 
logical Survey. Washington, 1894. Pp. 341-366. Pis. cii-cvi. 



9. PSYCHE. Cambridge, Mass., March, 1894. The habits of the Acu- 
leate Hymenoptera ii, W. H. Ashmead. New and undescribed genera 
and species of West African Noctuidse ii, W. J. Holland, figs. The 
Nemastomatidae and Trogulidae of the United States, N. Banks. Wing- 
length in some New England Acrididee ii, A. P. Morse. April, 1894. 
The habits of the aculeate Hymenoptera iii, W. H. Ashmead. New 
and undescribed genera and species of West African Noctuidse iii, W. J . 
Holland. Early stages of Spilosoma latipcnnis, C. G. Sonle. 

10. ENTOMOLOGISCHE NACHRICHTEN, xx, 3. Berlin, February, 1894. 
Synonymic catalogue of European parasitic bees, Dr. v. Dalla Torre 
and H. Friese. 

11. DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW DELTOID MOTHS. By G. H. French. 
From Bulletin Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, vol. 4, art. ii. 
Champaign, 111., March 10, 1894. 

12. ENTOMOLOGICAL MATERIA MEDICA; or an enumeration of insects 
employed by physicians as remedial agents. Read at the World's Medical 
Congress in the city of Chicago, 111., June 2, 1893. By Richard Ernest 
Kunze, M..D., etc., New York, 20 pp. 

13. OBSERVATIONS ON SOME ENTOMOPHTHORE^E. By F. M. Webster. 
From Journal of Cincinnati Society of Natural History, January, 1894, pp. 
I75-I77- 

14. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON, 

iii, i (Ian. 5, i893-June i, 1893). Issued March S, 1894. Parasitism, C. 
AY. Stiles. Notes on the genus Caitroi/oni, \\ . H. Ashmead. Note on 



150 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

Bmthinus, H. G. Hubbard. A peculiar structural feature of the Elasminse, 
L. O. Howard. A parasitic Scolytid. E. A. Schwarz. The curious de- 
fenses constructed by Melipona and Trigona, F. Benton. Note on the 
ovipositor of some species of Donacia, E. A. Schwarz, figs. Degenera- 
tion by disuse of certain organs in spiders, G. Marx. A synopsis of the 
Spalangiiiice of North America, W. H. Ashmead. Note on the Coruco, 
a hemipterous insect which infests poultry in southern New Mexico, C. 
H. T. Townsend. Descriptions of two Rhynchophorous Coleoptera from 
semi-tropical Florida, E. A. Schwarz. Notes upon wasps i, VV. H. Pat- 
ton. Synopsis of the North American species of Toxoneura Say, W. H. 
Ashmead. Continuation of the life-history of the whip-tail scorpion, G. 
Marx. Notes on the family Pachylommatoideae, W. H. Ashmead. The 
Death's-head moth in relation to honey bees, F. Benton. Further notes 
on Lachnosterna, C. V. Riley. Notes on Coccidse, id. 

15. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CITY OF LONDON ENTOMOLOGICAL AND 
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY for the year 1893 (1894). This volume, with 
those for 1891 and 1892, has been received within the past month, their 
first appearance, to our knowledge, in Philadelphia. Their contents, of 
course, mainly concern British insects, while such papers as have a gen- 
eral bearing have been already published in the Entomologist's Record. 
One looks in vain in these volumes for an index or table of contents. 

16. COMPTES RENDUS. L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. Paris, Feb. 26, 
1894. Anatomy of the salivary glands of the Philantidse, M. Bordas. 
Researches on the anatomy and development of the male genital armor 
of Lepidoptera, M. Peytoureau. March 19. Anatomy of the tracheal 
system of the larvae of Hymenoptera, M. Bordas. 

17. THE BRITISH NATURALIST. New series, No. i. London, Jan. 15, 
1894. No. 3, March 15. What constitutes a British insect at the present 
time? C. S. Gregson. The Pterophorina of Britain (cont.), J. W. Tutt. 
Air breathing Arthropods, L. Greening, 3 pis. 

18. CORNELL UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 
Bulletin No. 64. Ithaca, N. Y., 1894. On certain grass-eating insects: 
A synopsis of the species of Crambus of the Ithaca fauna, E. P. Felt. 

figs., 14 pis. 

19. BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA. Part cxiv. London, January, 
1894. Arachnida Araneidea, pp. 121-136, O. P. Cambridge. Coleoptera, 
vol. vi, pt. 2, pp. 165-180, pi. v, G. C. Champion; vol. vii, pp. 177-192, pi. 
x, H. S. Gorham. Hymenoptera, vol. ii, pi. xii. Lepidoptera Rlu.pal- 
ocera, vol. ii, pp. 329-352, pis. Ixxvii-lxxviii, F. D. Godmanand O. Salvin. 
Orthoptera, pp. 105-128, pi. vi, H. de Saussure and L. Zehnter. Part cxv. 
February, 1894. Coleoptera, vol. vi, pt. 2, pis. vi, vii. Hymenoptera, 
vol. ii, pp. 257-304, P. Cameron. Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, vol. ii, pis. 
Ixxix, Ixxx. Orthoptera, pp. 129-160, pi. vii, H. de Saussure and L. 
Zehnter. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 

20. THE BOTANICAL GAZETTE. Madison, Wis., March, 1894. Flowers 
and insects xii, C. Robertson. 

21. JOURNAL OF THE TRINIDAD FIELD NATURALISTS' CLUB, i, 12. Port 
of Spain, February, 1894. Notes on some Trinidad Coccidse, T. D. A. 
Cockerell. A check list of the Coccidse of the neotropical region, id. 

22. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. London, Ont., March, 1894, 
Notes on " A revision of the genus Oeneis (Chionobas)" by Henry J. Ehves, 
etc. and James Edwards (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1893, pt. iv, December),. 
\V. H. Edwards. Preparatory stages of Laphygma flavimaculata Harv., 
and other notes, H. G. Dyar. Three new West African moths, G. A. 
Ehrmann. New North American Trypetidse, D. W. Coquillett. The- 
Odonata of Ithaca, N. Y., N. Banks. Notes on nocturnal Lepidoptera, 
A. R. Grote. A tetratological trio, W. H. Harrington, figs. The Coc- 
cinellidae of Dodge County, Wisconsin, W. E. Snyder. Winter habits 
of some Colorado Proctotrypidse, C. F. Baker. Concerning Calotarsa 
ornatipes Townsend, N. Banks. April, 1894. New North American Ho- 
moptera vii, E. P. Van Duzee. The life-history of Rivula propinqualis 
Gn., E. P. Felt, figs. Notes on the life-history of Argyria viva/is Drmy, 
id. Preparatory stages of Catocala retecta Grote, G. H. French. Notes- 
on Pieris and Anthocharis, H. G. Dyar, figs. Notes on Parnassius 
clodius, ]. B. Lembert. Notes on the proposed new genus Calotarsa, C, 
H. T. Townsend. Notes on nocturnal Lepidoptera, A. R. Grote. North 
American Thysanura v, A. D. Macgilhvray. Genera of Thysdnura, T. 
D. A. Cockerell. Calotarsa ornatipes, S. W. Williston. 

23. ANNALES DE LA SOCIETE ENTOMOLOGIQUE DE BELGIQUE, xxxviii, 
2. Brussels, February, 1894. List of the Anthicidse described since the 
catalogues of MM. Gemminger and Harold (1870-1893), M. Pic. 

24. ANNALI DEL MUSEO Civico DI STORIA NATURALE DI GENOVA (2), 
xiii, 1893. Revision of the system of the Orthoptera and description of 
the species brought by M. Leonardo Fea from Burmah, C. Brunner de 
Wattemvyl, 6 pis. 

25. ANNALEN DES K. K. NATURHISTORISCHEN HOFMUSEUMS, viii, 2, 
Vienna, 1893. New species of the genus Gorytes Latr. (Hymenoptera), 
A. Handlirsch. 3 and 4. On Ampule x Jur. (s. 1.) and the closely-allied 
Hymt-nopterous genera, F. F. Kohl, 3 pis. 

26. BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE DE TOULOUSE, 
xxvii, January-March, 1893. On an acarine (Psorergates simplex Tyr- 
rell) of the mouse, G. Neumann. 

27. ATTI DELLA R. ACCADEMIA DELLE SCIENZE DI TORINO, XXviii, 93,. 

1892-93. On contractions of the striated muscles and the movements of 
Boinl>y.\- tnori, Dr. M. L. Patrizi, figs. ua. Observations on the move- 
ments and respiratory muscles of the thorax of Coleoptera, L. Camerano. 



152 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

28. MEMORIE DELLA R. ACCADEMIA DELLE SCIENZE DI TORINO (2), 
xliii, 1893. Diptera of Mexico part i. Stratiomyidae-Syrphida?; part ii. 
Syrphidae-Conopidse-Pipunculidae, Dr. E. Giglio-Tos, 2 pis. Researches 
on the absolute force of the muscles of insects flexor muscles of the 
mandibles of Coleoptera, L. Camerano. 

29. SCIENCE. New York, Feb. 23, 1894. Chilopoda migrating in broad 
daylight, F. C. Kenyon. Rope of maggots, F. M. Webster. 

30. THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD. London, March 15, 1894. The 
life-history of a Lepidopterous insect, comprising some account of its 
morphology and physiology, J. W. Tutt. Glimpses at American ento- 
mology, Ed. 

31. JOURNAL DE L'ANATOMIE ET DE LA PHYSIOLOGIE, xxx, i. Paris, 
January-February, 1894. Note on a large marine species of Bdella orig- 
inally from Iceland, Dr. E. Trouessart, i fig. 

32. FOREST LEAVES, iv, 8. Philadelphia, April, 1894. The gypsy moth 
in Massachusetts. 

33. ZOE, iv, 4. San Francisco, March, 1894. Notes on Lepidopterous 
larvae, C. H. T. Townsend. Chariessa lemberti, J. J. Rivers. 

34. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILA- 
DELPHIA, 1893, pp. 467-551 ; 1894. The North American Larridae, W. J. 
Fox. 

35. BULLETIN OF THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. No. 101. Insect 
fauna of the Rhode Island coal field, S. H. Scudder, Washington, 1893, 
2 pis. 

36. NINTH REPORT on the Injurious and other Insects of the State of 
New York for the year 1892. By J. A. Lintner, Ph.D., State entomolo- 
gist (46th report N. Y. State Museum, pp. 291-495), Albany, 1893. 

37. REVUE BIOLOGIQUE DU NORD DE LA FRANCE (6), 6. Lille, March, 
1894. On some Arthropods found in formicaries, R. Moniez, figs. 

38. JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, ii, i, 
March, 1894. A preliminary revision of the Bombyces of America north 
of Mexico, B. Neumoegen and H. G. Dyar. Notes on Lepidoptera found 
on Vancouver Island, W. H. Danby. The larva and pupa of Eucaterva 
variaria Grt., C. H. T. Townsend. The seventeen-year Cicada on Staten 
Island, W. T. Davis. The Phalangida of New York, N. Banks. List of 
the Coleoptera of Northeastern America, with special reference to the 
fauna of New York City and vicinity, C. W. Leng and W. Beutenmiiller. 

39. WEST VIRGINIA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Bulletin 
No. 36. Morgantown, W. Va., February, 1894. Black holes in wood, 
A. D. Hopkins. No. 35. Defects in wood caused by insects, id., figs. 

40. LE NATURALISTE CANADIEN. Chicoutimi, Quebec, March, 1894. 
L'abbe" Provancher, biographical notice (portrait), Y. A. Huard. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 153 

INDEX TO THE PRECEDING LITERATURE. 



The number after each author's name in this index refers to the journal, as numbered 
in the preceding literature, in which that author's paper was published ; * denotes new 
North American forms. 



THE GENERAL SUBJECT. 

Webster 6, 13, Kunze 12, Stiles 14, Gregson 17, Greening 17, Robertson 
20, Tutt 30, Lintner 36, Hopkins 39, Huard 40. 

ARACHNIDA. 

Cockerell i, Philipp i, Michael 7, Banks 9*, 38, Marx 14 (two), Cam- 
bridge 19*, Neumann 26, Truessart 31 (Bdella sanguined* N. J. ?), Scud- 
der 35*, Moniez 37 (Lce/aps similis* D. C.). 

MYRIAPODA. 
Kenyon 29, Moniez 37. 

THYSANURA. 
Macgillivray 22, Cockerell 22, Moniez 37 (Entoinobrya dissiimlis* D. C.). 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Blatchley 6 (two), Morse 9, de Saussure and Zehnter 19 (two) (Blattidce*, 
Mantidae*), B. von Wattenwyl 24, Scudder 35*. 

NEUROPTERA. 
Fletcher 4, Banks 22, Scudder 35*. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Highfield 3, Scudder 8, Townsend 14, Riley 14, Cockerell 21* (two), 
Van Duzee 22*, Davis 38. 

COLEOPTERA. 

Hubbard 14 (B. californica* Calif.), Schwarz 14 (three) (Crypturgns 
a/utaceus* Fla., Md. Anchoniusfloridanus*, Loganius jicus* Fla.), Riley 
14, Champion 19 (Cassididar*), Gorham 19 (Coccinellidoe*), Harrington 
22, Snyder 22, Pic 23, Camerano 27, 28, Rivers 33*, Leng and Beuten- 
miiller 38, Hopkins 39 (Carthylns columbianus* \Y. Va.). 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Carrington 2, Hancock 3, Fritze 5, Holland 9 (two), Soule 9, French 1 1 
{Pseudaglossa forbesii*, Pallachira hartii* 111.), 22, Benton 14, Peytou- 
reau 16, Tutt 17, 30, Felt 18, 22 (two), Godman and Salvin 19 (Hesper- 
idce*), Edwards 22, Dyar 22 (two), Ehrmann 22, Grote 22 (two), Lembert 
22, Patrizi 27, Anon. 32, Townsend 33, 38, Neumoegen and Dyar 38, Danby 
38. 



154 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

DIPTERA. 

Coquillett 22*, Banks 22, Townsend 22, Williston 22, Giglio-Tos 28*, 
Webster 29. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

v. Rath 5, Webster 6, Ashmead 9 (two), 14 (four) (Centrodora clisio- 
canipce* Fla., Spalangiinae*, Taxoneura*, Pachylommatoideae*), Dalla 
Torre and Friese 10, Howard 14, Benton 14, Patton 14 (Pepsis* Calif.),. 
Bordas 16 (two), Baker 22, Handlirsch 25*, Kohl 25*, Fox 34*, Cameron. 
19 (My sine*, Mutilla*}. 



Th.e Entornplogica.1 Section. 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS. 



MARCH 22, 1894. 

A regular stated meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences was held in the Hall, S. W. cor. Nineteenth and Race 
Streets, this evening, Dr. Geo. H. Horn, Director, presiding. Members 
present: E. T. Cresson, G. B. Cresson, Calvert, Ridings, Laurent, Skinner. 
Johnson and Liebeck. Associate: Fox. Dr. Skinner explained a method 
of dissolving grease from specimens. Instead of wedging a piece of cork 
in the bottom of a jar or glass, the insect is pinned on a piece of sheet 
cork and the cork then floated with the insect downward in the gasoline 
or other liquid used. Dr. Horn described a similar method. Mr. Calvert 
said that benzine dissolved the powdery substance found on dragonflies, 
and that alcohol did not, so that he preferred the latter for some speci- 
mens. Dr. Horn exhibited a photographic negative of a curious beetle 
from Lower California, which he had recognized as probably new. He 
afterwards found that it had been described by Bates as a Longicorn, but 
belongs to the Rhipiceridae, and is known as Vesperoctenus flohri Bates. 
Mr. Fox called attention to a bee of the genus Oxtza from Lower Cali- 
fornia. He stated that the genus Oxcsa had been heretofore restricted 
to South America, and' that the species exhibited, which was new, was 
most closely related to an undescribed form from Brazil. But three spe- 
cies of the genus had been described, and none had been described since 
1865. HENRY SKINNER, Recorder. 



The following papers were read and accepted by the Committee for 
publication in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS : 



1 894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 155 

Synonymical Notes on some North American Tettigonids. 

By E. P. VAN DUZEE, Buffalo, N. Y. 

Among the numerous species of Tettigonia described by Mr.. 
Walker in his " List of the Homopterous Insects in the British 
Museum" appear many North American forms from the United 
States and Canada. Most of these are but redescriptions of spe- 
cies already characterized by earlier authors or by Mr. Walker 
himself in preceding pages of the same volume. 

Recently, in working over the material in my collection, I have 
been able to settle, to my satisfaction, the synonymy of a few of 
his doubtful species, which I will give here with -some corrections 
from other authors that may be of interest to American students 
of these insects. Most of these species have already been located 
by Signoret, Stal and others, but some of their corrections were 
erroneous and must be changed. The following notes will help 
to show the utter worthlessness of Walker's descriptive work. 
Probably no man ever described so many species of insects in all 
orders, and certainly no one ever did such careless and unreliable 
work. 

The following are the species of Tettigonia accredited by Walker 
to North America with their synonymy. The pages refer to pt. 
iii of his " List." The numbers prefixed are the serial numbers 
of the species in his work: 

82. T. rubriguttata p. 763. 

Signoret places this as a synonym of T. sanguinolenta Fabr. , 
which Stal refers to genus Diedrocephala Spin. 

84. T. teliformis p. 764. 

This is Diedrocephala coccinea Forst. 
92. T. prasina p. 768. 

Is our common Diedrocephala novteboracensis Fitch. 
95. T. herbida p. 769. 

This is Helochara communis Fitch. Walker, in 1852, placed 
this as a synonym of H. communis, but Signoret the next year 
separated it as distinct, and placed Walker's next species, similis, 
as identical with Fitch's communis, thus reversing these forms. 
Then, in 1858, Walker, evidently not recognizing his own spe- 
cies, adopted Signoret 1 s arrangement, which seems to have been, 
followed by all later students. T. similis is, however, a very 
distinct species inhabiting the West Indies. Helochara communis, 



156 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

of which T. herbida Walk, is a synonym, has a wide distribution 
in the United States and Canada, extending south to Florida and 
Mississippi, west at least to the Rocky Mountains and north to 
British Columbia and Quebec. 

In 1887, Mr. C. W. Woodworth described a species of Tetti- 
gonia from Illinois as T. similis. If his species proves distinct 
from T. hieroglyphica Say, which I doubt, its name will have to 
be changed. 

97. T. tenella p. 770. 

This is Tettigonia bifida Say. 

98. T. innotata p. 770. 

Signoret identifies this with Diedrocephala mollipes Say. 

99. T. angulifera p. 771. 

This is a good species, and not a variety of D. mollipes, as 
suggested by Signoret. I have examined specimens from New 
York and Kansas. It belongs to genus Diedrocephala Spin. 

100. T. antica p. 771. 

Signoret places this as a synonym of T. angulifera. It may 
represent the male of Diedrocephala mollipes Say. 

101. T. minor p. 772. 

102. T. producta p. 772. 

The latter name I have employed to designate the smaller me- 
lanic form or race of Diedrocephala mollipes Say. Its characters 
are probably of less than specific value; possibly it should not be 
considered a distinct variety even. T. minor seems to be an 
unusually dark form of this variety. 

103. T. acuta p. 773. 

This is a synonym of Diedrocephala mollipes Say. 

104. T. i-guttata p. 773. 

A good species from Florida. It pertains to genus Diedro- 
cephala Spin. 

105. T. 4-plagiata p. 774. 

Signoret describes this as a good species. 

107. T. striata p. 775. 

Evidently this is intended for Oncometopia costalis Fabr. 

108. 7. lugens p. 775, and 

109. T. pyrrhotelus p. 775. 

Signoret places these as synonyms of Oncometopia costalis 
Fabr. , in which he is followed by Walker in his Supplement. 



1894.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 157 

no. T. nigrifascia p. 776. 

This and the two following are placed by Signoret as synonyms 
of T. tripunctata Fitch, but they certainly represent a distinct 
species which should be known as T. nigrifascia Walk. This is 
a Mexican form, while T. tripunctata Fitch inhabits most of the 
eastern United States. 

in. T. pallida p. 776 and 

112. T. albida p. 777. 

Are synonyms of T. nigrifascia Walk. 

113. T. robusta p. 777. 

This is T. histrio Fabr. according to Dr. Stal (Hemip. Fabr. 
ii, p. 76). It has been recognized by Mr. Uhler from the West 
Indies (see ENT. NEWS, iii, p. 60). 

115. T. uniguttata p. 778. 

This is recognized by Signoret as a distinct species, and placed 
near nigrifascia Walk. 

67. T. badia p. 756. 

This species I have been unable to locate satisfactorily. Can 
it be a Gypona, perhaps scarlatina Fitch ? 



-o- 



A NEW WAX-SCALE FOUND IN JAMAICA. 

By T. D. A. COCKERELL, Las Cruces, N. Mex. 

Ceroplastes albolineatus n. sp. Scale 6 mm. long, pinkish white, plates 
indistinct, two conspicuous ascending white lines of secretion on each side. 
Wax extremely thick, its being as great as the breadth of the enclosed 
insect. 

Insect free from wax, 3 mm. long, depressed, showing three rather 
sharp processes on each side, and a dorsal hump. The "tail" is quite 
rudimentary. 

Derm with round gland-spots, only moderately numerous. Antennae 
not very well seen, being broken ; but second joint broader than and not 
so long as third, fourth somewhat longer than third, first and second 
shaped somewhat alike, but first of course larger than second. 

Legs very small, pale brown. Femur a little longer than, and more 
than twice as broad as tibia. Tarsus about half as long as tibia; tarsal 
knobbed hairs distinct, with large knobs. Claw short; digitules of claw 
very large and stout, extending beyond claw, with large knobs. 

Food-plant; not identified. With the twigs on which the scales 
occurred were sent a few fragments of the leaves, which were 
green above and pinkish purple below, in striking contrast. The 



158 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

fragments of twigs boiled with the scales in caustic soda gave a 
very fine madder color. 

Locality; Kingston, Jamaica ; received from Prof. C. H. T. 
Townsend, curator of the Jamaica Museum. 

The food-plant seems to be some ornamental shrub, and as I 
did not meet with the scale in Jamaica, I infer that it is probably 
a recent introduction from some other tropical locality. The 
indistinctness of the plates, and the great thickness of the wax, 
is in great contrast to C. cirripediformis, and reminds one of 
C. ceriferus. From this latter it is distinguished not only by its 
appearance, but by the rudimentary condition of the "tail." 
The long fourth joint of the antenna in C. albolineatus is also 
peculiar as compared with other species, but it requires to be 
confirmed in specimens with better antennae. The present spe- 
cies resembles C. psidii in its larger digitules, but it has a shorter 
claw; it is distinguished from psidii at once by the absence of 
the external markings of that species. From C. floridexsis it 
differs entirely in appearance, and is also much larger; from C. 
depressus it is distinguished by external features at a glance. It 
cannot be C. jamaicensis, which, though very imperfectly de- 
scribed by White, has distinct plates after the manner of C. cir- 
ripediformis. From the remaining described species of Cero- 
plastes it is distinguished by characters which it is hardly worth 
while to enumerate. 

A specimen has been sent for coll. Amer. Ent. Society. 



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ON SOME PSELAPHID/E 

By E. BRENDEL. M.D., Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 

There is before me a Pselaphid from the Dry Tortugas, which, 
according to A. Raffray's classification, is a Bryaxis of a very 
elongate depressed form, resembling in outlines the European 
Trichonyx ; but by comparing the figures and the synoptical 
characters given by Raffray, it seems to claim a place near the 
Australian genus Briara Reitter. I give a description of it : 

BRIAR AXIS Brendel. 

Tarsi with one claw, trochanters obliquely inserted into the 
femora, posterior coxae not conical, not prominent, with their 
mutual distance equaling twice the thickness of the femur; infe- 



\K\VS. Vol. V. 



I'i. V. 










See page 158. 



PSELAPHID/E i.Brendel). 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 159 

rior surface of the head convex, with a faint medial carina; pro- 
sternum convex, not carinate; mesosternum short, narrow between 
the globiHar coxae; metasternum very large, longitudinally stil- 
cate, densely punctate; the second ventral as long as the 'two 
adjoining segments. 

Briaraxis depressa n. sp. Depressed, dark ferruginous, pubescence 
fine, sericeous, punctate throughout. Length 1.15 mm. 

Head behind the eyes one-half wider than the front, vertex flat, with 
four small nude fovese, two near the frontal margin, connected by a faint 
transverse line, and two larger ones in a line through the middle of the 
eyes; occiput triangularly impressed. Antennae as long as the head and 
prothorax, joints i, 2 and 3 subequal, decreasing, 4 smaller, 5 larger, equal 
to 3; joints 6 and 7 equal to 4, all longer than wide, obconical; 8 quad- 
rate; 9 little longer, transverse, as wide as 2; 10 one-fourth wider, as long 
as 2; the last ovoid, not acuminate, one-half longer than wide. Sides of 
the prothorax rounded (not edged); disc broadly convex, widest through 
the anterior third, where the outlines are evenly arcuate, thence almost 
straight to the neck and the base; the lateral pubescent foveae situated in 
a shallow ample depression, the medial one nearer the base, small, pro- 
longed forward as a shallow, ill-defined medial depression. Elytra de- 
pressed, widest near the posterior angles and one-third wider than the 
shoulder width, and but little wider than the length of the suture; base 
trifoveate, the outer fovea large, with a discal line on third of the elytral 
length. Abdomen without basal carinae, border rather narrow, the seg- 
ments subequal in length. 

Dry Tortugas. 

Bryaxis i Reichenbachia i arthritica n. sp. Impunctate, brownish red, 
pubescence short, inconspicuous. Length 1.4 mm. 

Head flat, the disc from the front to the base one-third longer than the 
basal width, very slightly narrower on the front ; eyes prominent, foveaa 
equidistant, the frontal foveae situated in a transverse impression, the lat- 
eral ones not more than their own diameter from the eye. Prothorax 
convex, so that the lateral foveae appear from above as ellipses. Elytra 
si miewhat alutaceous, with three basal foveae. Abdominal basal carinae 
divergent, one-half the length of the segment, and one-third as distant as 
the total width. Ventrals without sexual marks. 

-Antennae compressed from side to side, very irregular, not one 
joint like the other (PI. v, fig. 7). Intermediate trochanters armed with 
a blunt thorn. 

San Obispo, Cal. (Carl Fuchs). 

Ctenisis dispar Sharp. 

In a recent paper in the "Transactions" of the American En- 
tomological Society (xx, p. 282) I mentioned the occurrence of 
this species in Arizona, found by A. Bolter. 



160 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 

Mr. Casey presumes it to be different from Ct. dispar. His 
description, except the color, tallies exactly with Sharp's descrip- 
tion and the figure in the " Biologia Centrali- Americana," and 
with my Mexican specimens, which have come to me from the 
hands of A. Raffray. Bolter's specimen is a female, and my 
male specimen differ slightly in the length of the eighth antennal 
joint, which Casey pounces upon to honor friend Raffray with a 
doubtful n. sp. from a unique. 

Another presumption of Casey is that Bryaxis perforata Aube 
will be restored, and presumes again B. perforata Brend. should 
be named B. terebrata Casey. Casey, I think, has not seen a 
specimen of B. perforata Brend., but describes from the same 
locality the old perforata again as B. intricata Casey. There are 
several other presumptions upon which Casey founded n. g. and 
n. sp. to which I have at present no time to refer. 

I give on Plate V figures of the above described species and 
of some South American forms, which may interest somebody. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE V. 



Fig. i. Metopioxis gladiator Reitter. Brazil. 

" 2. Rhexius braziliensis Schauf. Brazil. 

" 3. Rhinocepsis gracilis Schauf. Amazons. 

" 4. Jubus tetratomus Reitter. Venezuela. 

" 5. Goniacerus simonis Raffray. Venezuela. 

" m 6. Briaraxis depressa Brendel. Dry Tortugas. 

" 7. Antenna of Bryaxis arthritica Brendel; a, upper view; b, side view. 



OBITUARY. 

EDWARD NORTON died at his home in Farmington, Conn., on April 8, 
1894, of pneumonia, aged 70 years. He was an authority in Hymenop- 
tera. A more extended notice will be given in the near future. 

In Karnter, on January nth of this year, EMANUEL LIEGEL. He was 
born April 5, 1859, an< ^ interested in Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, on 
which subjects he published several articles, and at the time of his death 
had just completed the manuscript of a Fauna Carinthiaca. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for April was mailed March 30, 1894. 



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ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL. v. JUNE, 1894. No. 6. 



CONTENTS: 



Edward Norton, biographical sketch of 161 

Baker Michigan Araneae. 163 

Snyder Collecting in Utah 164 

Davidson Parasites of wild bees 170 

Cockerell Habits of some Asilidae 173 



Notes and News 185. 

Entomological Literature 187 

Entomological Section 193 

Brendel Corrections in Pselaphidse 194 

Williston Am. gen. of Sapromyzinas... 196 



White Collecting in Prospect Park...... 174 Slosson Hyparpax var. tyria 198- 

Boerner An early Spring trip 175 Dyar A new form of Pagara 198 



Rowley Sphinges of Missouri 176 

Banks Neuropteroid insects of Kansas 178 

Editorial 181 

Economic Entomology 182 



Klaares Variety of Euphoria 198 

Cockerell New Hymenoptera. ... 199 

Fox Fossorial Hymenoptera 201 

Cockerell New Coccidae 203 



EDWARD NORTON. 

Mr. EDWARD NORTON died April 8, 1894, at his home in 
Farmington, Conn., aged 70 years, of pneumonia. He was 
born in Albany, N. Y. , in 1823, his father being John Treadwell 
Norton, of honored memory. After graduating from Yale, in 
1844, he traveled in Europe, and spent several Winters in the 
South to ward off threatened disease of the lungs. Agriculture 
became to him a fine art, to which he devoted a singularly intel- 
ligent and well-trained mind. He became interested in fine 
grades of cattle, and was widely known for his enterprise and 
skill in this department of farming industry. For many years, 
and until the time of his death, he was secretary of the American 
Guernsey Cattle Club, and in this capacity was well known in 
different parts of the country, and was an acknowledged authority 
regarding this valuable kind of imported stock. 

Mr. NORTON was a highly intelligent man; his mind was broad 
and well balanced, and he loved the study of natural history. A 
friend, in a letter, says: " Mr. Norton was a public-spirited man, 
cordially interested in everything that promised to be of advan- 
tage to the community in which he lived; he \vas a man of sterling 



1 62 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

integrity, just and true in all his business relations, ever ready to 
do all in his power to promote the welfare and happiness of his 
fellows, not only in larger matters, but pre-eminently in little 
things the unobstrusive things that make up so much of life; he 
was friendly, social and genial; though engaged in a large busi- 
ness he always found leisure for his friends; he was a Christian 
gentleman, -sincere, openhearted as the sunshine, and those who 
knew him intimately and for years in the home and in business, 
will bear witness to his unvarying purity, uprightness and kind- 



ness.' 



Mr. NORTON'S favorite branch of natural science was Ento- 
mology, and his specialty Phytophagous Hymenoptera, although 
he was well versed in all the families of the order. Of late years 
his business pursuits prevented him from engaging actively in the 
study, but the work done was well done, and has proved of great 
value and assistance to the student, notably his> admirable and 
exhaustive monograph of the Saw-flies of North America pub- 
lished in 1867-69, which alone has earned for him an honored 
name among entomologists and made him an authority in that 
family of Hymenoptera. 

Mr. NORTON has named and described upwards of 250 species 
of Hymenoptera, new to science, in his several publications, 
among which are the following: 

On the Hymenoptera of the genus Allantus in the United States, Bost. 
Jour. Nat. Hist, vii, 236-260 (1860). 

Catalogue of several genera of the Tenthrediniclas in the United States, 
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, viii, 150-161 (1861). 

Notice of the genus Selandria ; Descriptions of several of Harris' 
named Tenthredinidae, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, viii, 219-224 (1861). 

Catalogue of American species of Tenthredo as arranged by Hartig, 
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, ix, 116-122 (1862). 

On the synonyms of Cinibe.r americana, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, i, 201 
(1862). 

Notice of several new species of Tenthredinidae, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, 
i, 143 (1862). 

A description of several new Hymenoptera, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, i, 
198-200 (1862). 

Catalogue of our species of Ophion, Anouialon and Cainpoplex, Proc. 
Ent. Soc. Phil, i, 357-368 (1863). 

Notes on Tenthredinidae, with descriptions of new species, Proc. Ent. 
Soc. Phil, iii, 5-16 (1864). 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 163 

Catalogue of the described Tenthredinidae and Uroceridae of North 
America, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. i, 31, 193; ii, 211, 321 (1867-69). 

Notes on Mexican Ants, Am. Ent. ii, 57-72; descriptions of same, 
Comtn. Proc. Essex Inst. vi, i-io, figs. (1868). 

Notes on North American Tenthredinidae, with descriptions of new 
species, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. iv, 77-86 (1872). 

Report upon the collection of Formicidce made in portions of Nevada, 
Utah, Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona, during the years 1872-74, 
Rep. Wheeler Expl. v, Zool. 729-736 (1875). 

On the Chrysides of North America, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. vii, 233-242 
(1879)- 

At the time of his death Mr. NORTON was a corresponding 
member of the American Entomological Society, and also a 
member of several other scientific bodies at home and abroad. 

NOTE. The portrait of Mr. NORTON, published in this number of the 
NEWS, is from an amateur photograph (the only one obtainable) taken 
shortly before his death, and kindly sent to us by his brother, Col. Charles 
L. Norton, of New York City. 



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MICHIGAN ARANE/E. 

By C. F. BAKER, Fort Collins, Col. 

A large part of the species recorded in the following list were 
collected by myself at Agricultural College, Michigan. All avail- 
able records from other sources are also added, as follows : (i) 
specimens collected at the above locality by Mr. V. H. Lowe; 
(2) records sent me by Mr. Nathan Banks; (3) one record in 
Marx's Cat. Araneae. 

The species, with one exception (that mentioned by Marx), 
were determined by Mr. Banks, who also revised the list, and 
added the synonymical notes. 

Earn. DRASSIDyE. 
Prosthesima ecclesiastica Hentz. 

Earn. DICTYNID^E. 

Dictyna volucripes Keys. Dictyna volnpis Keys. 

Amaiirobins bcnnctti Blaekvv. (sylvestrts Em.) 

Earn. CLUBIONID/E. 
Clubiona americana Bks. (oniata Em.) Clubiona obesa Hentz [Marx. ] 

Earn. AGALENID/E. 
Agalena ntzvia Bosc. [Banks.] Cicurina aimata Keys. 



164 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

Fam. THERIDID.E. 

Theridium tepidariorum Koch. Theridium spiralis Em. [Banks.] 

Steatoda borealis Hentz. Lathrodectus mactans Fab. 

Stemonyphantes bucculentus Clerk. Linyphia marginata Koch. 
Lophocarenum florens Cambr. 

Fam. EPEIRID^E. 

Agriope riparia Em. Epeira displicata Hentz. 

Epeira gibberosa Hentz. Epeira patagiata Clerck. 

Epeira insularis Hentz [Lowe]. Epeira strix Hentz [Lowe]. 

Fam. TETRAGNATHID^E. 

Tetragnatha extensa Linn. Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz. 

Eucta straminea Em. [Banks]. 

Fam. THOMISID^E. 

Afisumena vatia Clerk [Lowe]. Misumena georgina Keys [Loew]. 

Xysticus gtilosus Keys. Coriachne versicolor Keys. 

Runcinia aleatoria Hentz. Ebo latithorax Keys [Banks]. 

Tibellus oblongus Walck. Philodromus alaskensis Keys (?). 



Fam. L 
Ocyale undata Hentz. Dolomedes sexpntictatus Hentz. 

Fam. ATTID,E. 
Phidippus tripunctatus Hentz. Dendryphantes octavus Hentz. 

Ergane borealis Blackw. (Hasarius hoyi Peck.) 
Astia vittata Hentz. Epiblemum scenicum Clerk. 

Icius mitratus Hentz [Lowe]. PhilfEiis milifarsis Hentz [Lowe]. 

Habrocestum decorum Blackw. (sp/endeus Peck.) [Lowe]. 

Summary : genera, 33; species, 41. 



-o- 



COLLECTING IN UTAH Part II. 

By ARTHUR J. SNYDER. 

All a-board ! Yes, so our seats seemed and certainly the accom- 
modations were not the best in the world. But who cares for 
uncomfortable seats and jolting cars when the trip is uphill from 
an elevation of 4260 feet to one of 7000 feet in a distance of thirty- 
two miles, and all the journey through indescribably beautiful 

scenery ? 

Much of the road from Salt Lake City to Park City, Utah, is 
beside a beautiful dashing mountain stream. On that June even- 
ing we passed many of the disciples of Isaac Walton, and not 
seldom glimpses of the speckled beauties testified as to the suc- 
cess of the anglers. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 165 

Up, Up, Up ! Pulled on our way for a time, then our com- 
plaining- engine becoming weary, changed positions and pushed. 
Finally, side-tracked, we were given an opportunity to rest and 
take a longer look at the mountains while awaiting a down train. 

From the overhanging bank was a bush of the snowberry just 
in the height of its beauty and covered with beautiful pink blos- 
soms, while on the other side an open space was thickly dotted 
with the purple blossoms of Pentstemon. 

Bird-life was not abundant in this parfof Utah, but a dove 
flying across an open valley, seemed to carry my thoughts as it 
passed to home and scenes more familiar. A dozen species 
would easily cover all the birds I noted in the vicinity of Park 
City. The fat grouud squirrels {Spermophilus arivatiis) startled 
by the train would hasten to a safe distance and watch our pas- 
sage with interest, while a tiny chipmunk would occasionally be 
seen hastening, as for life, to the shelter of some rock, but nearly 
always stopping to look back and utter its sharp chirp of protest 
against pursuit. 

At 7 o'clock P.M. we were in Park City, a town with one street 
on a level and all the rest either up or downhill, mostly up, sur- 
rounded by mountains on all sides but one, and there a narrow 
opening to the east. Great snow banks still lingered on the 
mountains and Winter's icy breath was plainly felt after sunset. 
The next day, June 24th, dawned bright and clear. After a glorious 
night's rest in the mountain atmosphere one was fully ready to 
note the beauties of the insect world and realize what a pleasant 
thing it is to live. 

"Going a fishing, Mister?" was the first question. "You 
won't catch many trout there," was the next salutation as I was 
following the course of an irrigation stream and making numerous 
sweeps with my net for the butterflies on blossoms near the bank. 
: ' Catching grasshoppers for bait"? was the third, and so on, but 
I couldn't stop to explain and satisfy the curiosity of all, and it's 
my impression that many of the people remember me and always 
will as an easterner who "wasn't quite right." The young 
westerner is not less quick to see a bargain or to make money, 
however, than the youth of older States, and not infrequent were 
the calls made at my boarding house by boys with fruit cans full 
of live butterflies which they wished to sell to the collector. 
"Say, mister, here's a fine one"! some young naturalist would 



l66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

say, as a rare species with probably two-thirds or one-half of its 
wings remaining was handed to me. All collectors know the 
story and, I am sure, feel, as I did, with what good intents these 
offers were made. 

During my stay at Park City four localities were found to be 
especially abundant in butterflies. The first was a slightly ele- 
vated level pasture which was irrigated we'ekly and abounded in 
Ccenonymphas, Lyc&nas, Argynnids, Melittzas and one species 
of Satyrus. Here also I found a few Chrysophanus, Pamphilas, 
Limenitis, Pyrgus, tessellata and a few Noduids. A large patch 
of Mertensia grew at one side of this field, and here were taken 
Melamorphia ononis and Argynnis epithore var. kreimhild. 
Numerous other flowers were abundant along the edges of this 
field, such as Aconitum columbianum, Aquilegia ccerulea, Po- 
tentila gracilis, Achillea millefoli^lm, Echinospermum floribun- 
dum, Mentha canadensis and cnicus. The last species named 
proved more attractive than anything discovered for Argynnis 
leto and Pamphila manitoba. Along the edges of the water, in 
lower land, were clumps of willow, the resort of Limenitis 
weidemeyeiii. In the water were Verona americana, a blue-grass 
flower, and Mimulus luteus. 

The second locality extended from this first along the edges 
and to the tops of some high mountains to the southeast, where 
Parnassus smintheus and Chionobas chryxus were abundant. 
Near the base of one of these mountains was a delightful spring 
where many insects congregated. RfelitcEagabbi, several Lyc<znas, 
Pamphila agricola, Limenitis weidemeyerii and a Pholisora 
(possibly new). 

A trail leading to the top of one of these high mountains was 
the highway of several species of butterflies, but especially of Pa- 
pilio daunus. These great beauties were continually passing up and 
down the mountain. Taking a position beside the trail one day 
several were taken, but nearly all were broken either by the stroke 
of the net or before the strong wings could be silenced in the cya- 
nide jar. Twice I succeeded in seeing the daunus oviposit on the 
leaves of Prunus virginiana. On the first occasion one fertile egg- 
was secured and the second time three. In no case did I find more 
than two eggs on the same leaf. Later in the season two larvae, sup- 
posed to be daunus, were found on a poplar tree near my window. 
These are worthy a more extended description, and I hope to 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 167 

write up their life-history later. They fed heartily and were 
beauties from the first. Their appearance was so neat and trim 
and the coloration and shape such that even a hater of ' worms" 
could but admire these. When ready to start home neither had 
pupated, but the trip was made in a jelly glass and both retained 
their appetites on reaching Illinois. The first pupated August 
28th, and the second September 8th. The first chrysalis is i^$ 
in. long, in every way resembling P. asterias, color gray, with 
dark band along each side. I regret that I cannot give the time 
from egg to pupa, but both were found in the larvae state, the 
first on July 25th. Female daunus confined with poplar and 
chokecherry leaves failed to oviposit even after repeated trials. 
Along the trail previously mentioned Anthocharis ausonides and 
Stella were quite frequently seen, but were always wary. 

On an open table-land covered with dwarf poplars and a wild 
gooseberry; Grapta zephynis and Nemeophilapetrosa, were found, 
but only three of the former and one of the latter. Clisiocampa 
californica was an abundant species and very destructive to the 
native vegetation. On June 29th, I picked at least a pint of the 
cocoons from the chokecherry bushes in about ten minutes. On 
the tops of the mountains were found P. smintheus and C. 
chryxus in abundance, a few Papilio zolicaon, Pieris occidentalis, 
Melitcea nubigera, Nisoniades lucillus, and a Papilio resembling 
ajax in general appearance, but larger. 

The plants on and near the tops of the mountains were of two 
species, Leduin debile and wrightii. These moss-like plants, 
growing on the rocky hill-sides, where nothing else could obtain 
a foothold in the barren soil, were often eaten close to the ground 
by the larvae of Parnassius smintheus. Frequent and continued 
search and digging revealed a very few larvae and three empty 
pupae cases. This led me to think that I searched in the wrong 
season. A female smintheus confined with a transplanted plant 
of Ledum oviposited two eggs which proved to be not fertile. 

On June 3Oth, a trip was made six miles to the south and three 
notes concerning it seem worthy of mention. Near the bare top 
of a high mountain, probably 9000 feet elevation, a perfect swarm 
of Melicleptria villosa was discovered. On the level rocky top 
C. chryxus was abundant, and could be easily taken by working 
against the wind. About noon while sitting down to put some 
of my captures in papers, hundreds of Cocdnella passed me 



168 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

going with the wind. It was a new experience, and never before 
or since have I seen this insect so numerous. On two occasions 
while ascending the mountains from another view, large numbers 
of Cantharis nuttallii were seen moving with the wind and taking 
short flights from plant to plant. 

Returning from the trip mentioned large patches of Mertensia 
were found, and by watching these flowers eight Hemaris bruceii 
were taken. Several were seen on other days, but always about 
the Mertensia. 

The third locality was north from Park City, and was a valley 
between two mountains with a branch running east. Here, and 
on the level top of one of the side mountains, were found Argyn- 
nis eg Ids, cornis and meadii ; Lyctsnas heteronea. acmon and 
stzpiolus ; Theda crysalus, calif ornica var. and behrii, Satyrus 
charon, Chrysophanus rubidus and Pseudohazis eglanterina var. 
nuttallii, (I call this species nuttallii on good authority, but have 
had three different names for the variety) The typical eglan- 
terina was seen through July and early August, and four speci- 
mens were taken. This form of eglanterina appeared later and 
was abundant up to the time of leaving, August igth. A tew of 
another variety (a white form) were caught, but through a mis- 
take every specimen was sent to other parties and I have not had 
a name for it. 

The fourth location was the valley southwest of the city which 
contained several large meadows partly under water with a stream 
running through and numerous clumps of willows. Here Argyn- 
nis eurynome (two forms) A. leto, myrina ; Lyccenas of several 
species, two Pamphilas, Colias hagenii, Vanessa milbertii and a 
few others were found. 

A few Coleoptera were taken, but at present cannot give names 
of them. The beautiful Odonata were common, and a few species 
were taken, one of which proves to be a new species. Mr. Cal- 
vert had a description of the male in manuscript, but had not 
seen the female. It was my intention to give at the close a list 
of species taken, but I feel that already I have used too much of 
the valuable space in the NEWS, and yet have not been able to 
tell half. I can only wish that my entomological friends might 
all have as enjoyable an excursion and try collecting in the West. 



THIS number contains fourty-four pages. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 169 

THE BOLD ROBBER FLY AND THE MANTIS. 

By W. A. HARSHBARGER, Topeka, Kans. 

The article in the April number of NEWS on "The Bold Rob- 
ber Fly" recalls a battle that I witnessed last September between 
one of the larger species of Asilus and a female Mantis (Stag- 
momantis Carolina). The fight occurred on a small tree in my 
yard near which I happened to be standing. The fly darted into 
the tree and instantly set up a great buzzing that attracted my 
attention. The Mantis caught the fly around -the thorax with 
one of her fore legs or graspers, and a regular sparring match 
ensued, in which the fly seemed to use its feet to push the Mantis 
off. The long body and legs of the Mantis gave it great advan- 
tage in avoiding the proboscis of the fly, but when it attempted 
to eat any part of the fly the latter would prod it, so that it had 
to give up. Finally, the other grasper was thrown about the fly 
in such a way as to pinion one wing. The Mantis then slipped 
one grasper down to the neck of the fly, and while in this posi- 
tion ate off its proboscis. She next turned her attention to the 
legs, which were removed one by one. At this point I interfered, 
captured the Mantis, and meant to put the fly out of misery, but 
it flew away from me minus a proboscis and four legs. The 
Mantis was placed under a glass and fed thirteen house flies in 
succession. This occurred at noon. At night a male Mantis 
was placed under the same glass and in the morning his wings 
and legs alone remained. After this slight repast the Mantis 
was allowed to fast a day and a half, when a large female Acridium 
americanum was placed under the glass. At once a battle began. 
The grasshopper was so strong and heavy that the fight seemed 
uneven. It succeeded in kicking and scraping the Mantis loose 
from every hold that it got. Finally, the Mantis seized one of 
the hopping legs and began to eat it off about the middle of the 
femur. The grasshopper beat itself and the Mantis violently 
against the glass, but the latter hung on until it gnawed the leg 
off, when it loosed it hold, fell onto its back and expired. 
Whether the violent exertions of the grasshopper killed it or I 
starved it to death, I cannot sav. 



To prove that the clothes he sells are all wool, a Ridge Avenue dealer 
shows customers the moths in the garments. 



170 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

ON THE PARASITES OF WILD BEES IN CALIFORNIA. 

By A. DAVIDSON, M. D., Los Angeles, Cal. 

In ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for May, 1893, I recorded the para- 
sites I had found affecting the Carpenter bee, Xylocopa orpifex, 
and in the further investigation of parasitic life among the Hy- 
menoptera I have bred some insects the record of which may be 
of some interest : 

Photopsis unicolor Cress. Four specimens of this species were 
bred from cells of the following bees: 

No. i, from cell of Anthidium emarginatzim; found in Septem- 
ber, 1892; adult issued July 20, 1893. 

No. 2, from a cell of Anthophora sp.? dug from a soft rock in 
September, 1892; hatched July 2Oth, 1893. 

No. 3, from cell of the same species; hatched in August, 1893. 

No. 4, from cell of Anthidium emarginatum ? occupying a hole 
in the ground ; found in October, 1892; hatched Nov. 5, 1893. 

In one instance no cocoon seems to have been formed; those 
of the others closely resembled cocoons of the Anthophora they 
infested. The larvae of the bees had been entirely consumed. 

Argyramceba cedipus, Fabr. From the cell of a small bee 
found six inches deep in adobe soil this bee-fly appeared on July 
29. The parasite had evidently attacked the larva after the latter 
had spun its cocoon; and while in the pupa stage had, after the 
manner of its tribe, wriggled itself through the cocoon and then 
transformed. 

Leucopsis sp.? Three of these Chalcids were hatched from the 
lower cells of a series of about a dozen of a species of Anthidium 
in August. The bee cells occupied about nine inches of the hol- 
low stem of an Audibertia polystachya and when found in the 
previous month contained only the three parasites, the bees and 
some other parasites having already escaped. The parasites 
formed no cocoon and the remains of the nearly full grown bee- 
larvae were easily recognised among the debris. 

One of the most common Bumble bees of this section is the 
handsome yellow-coated Bombus fervidus Fabr. Whether its 
describer named this insect from the warmth of color in its coat, 
or for reasons associated with a more intimate acquaintance with 
its habits I cannot say, but at all events the name suggests the 
character of the receptions the innocent seeker after truth is likely 
to experience. These insects are .especially numerous along the 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 17 1 

sea-coasts, their nest of withered grass and weeds being easily dis- 
covered in the rush-like vegetation that clothes the sandy wastes. 

I examined a few of their nests and was somewhat surprised by 
the excessive number of some of the parasites found therein. 
The most abundant species was a Tachina-fly, Brachycoma david- 
soni n. sp. Coquillett (see the appended description), of which 
there were literally hundreds. The larvae, about half an inch 
long when full grown, is very active and voracious. The eggs are 
originally deposited on the larvae of the bee, which the Tachinid 
larvae, after hatching soon consume, and, wandering around, 
attack other larvae or penetrate the pupa-cells and devour their 
contents. I placed some of the Brachycoma larvae in a glazed 
pasteboard box about half a line in thickness, and the next day 
found that a number of them had penetrated the sides and made 
their exit; so the ordinary bee-cocoon is not likely to seriously 
impede their progress. In a few instances at least the eggs seem 
to be deposited within the pupa-case, as I have found as many as 
twelve of the parasites in one cell and with no evidence of a point 
of entrance; nor did it seem possible that such tiny larvae, appar- 
ently but a few day's old, could penetrate the tough cocoon. 
Before pupating the larvae eats its way through the cocoon and, 
hiding among the debris near the ground soon transform. Of 
these parasites but few were observed before the first of Septem- 
ber, when the approach of Winter probably lessened the activity 
of the bees. During the latter part of this month and through- 
out the remainder of the season some of the nests fairly swarmed 
with them. The majority of the pupae hatched out in 17 or 1 8 
days after transforming; those remaining are, now March, begin- 
ning to produce the perfect flies. 

Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. The Mediterranean flour moth 
larvae are found along with those of the firachycoma, and in the 
majority of instances are quite as abundant. I have not observed 
them attack the larvae of the bee and presume that they live on 
the bee-food, since late in the Autumn, when the bees have for- 
saken their nests, they are more numerous than at any other time. 
Of those found at this season some hatch out in the Autumn, but 
the greater number remain in the larva state until the following 
Spring. 

What the larvae of the flour moth feeds on in other countries, 
or whether their presence in the nests of the bumble bee is here 



172 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

unusual I have no means of knowing, but if it proves on investi- 
gation that their normal habitat in this State is the nest of the 
wild bee it would certainly tend to support the belief that they 
are indigenous. Two years ago one of the mills of this city was 
reported to be infested by this moth, but as my investigations do 
not extend beyond that date I am unable to state whether or not 
they existed prior to that time. 

Mesostenus thoracicus Cresson. Two specimens of this species 
were bred from larvae found in the nest of Bombus fervidus. 

Sarcomacronycha tripoxylonis Towns. Six of these Tachinids 
were bred from the cells of Sphe.x elegans, having probably fed 
on the tree crickets, CEecantJnis niveus, with which the cells were 
stored. 

Brachycoma davidsoni n. sp. Coquillett. Proboscis horny and rather 
slender, labellas small, facial ridges bristly on less than their lower fourth, 
third antennal joint one and two-thirds times as long as the second. 

cJ 1 . Head yellowish white, occiput grayish black, frontal vitta deep 
brown, at middle equal to one-third width of front, no orbital bristles, 
frontal bristles in a single row, extending to base of second antennal joint, 
sides of face bare, except for a row of bristles that extend to the cheeks ; 
palpi black, only slightly thickened at the tips ; antennae black, three- 
fourths as long as the face, arista thickened on its basal two-fifths, the 
penultimate joint broader than long; eyes naked, not extending as low as 
the vibrissae; cheeks one-half as wide as height of eyes. Thorax, scutel- 
lum and abdomen black, apex of the fourth segment broadly and the geni- 
talia, yellowish; thorax opaque, gray pollinose, marked with three median 
and two broad lateral black vittae. Scutellum gray pollinose, bearing a 
dorsal and three marginal pairs of macrochaetae. Abdomen opaque, gray 
pollinose, but changing to blackish in different lights, first segment bear- 
ing two lateral macrochaetae each side, second segment with two some- 
times scarcely perceptible dorso-marginal and four lateral macrochaetae, 
third segment with a marginal row of twelve, the fourth with a similiar 
row of fourteen macrochaetae. Legs black, tibiae bearing scattered bristles, 
claws and pulvilli very elongate. Wings hyaline, posterior cross-vein 
sinuate, at last fourth of distance between small cross-vein and the bend, 
the latter rectangular, beyond it the fourth vein is very convex inwardly; 
third vein bristly halfway to small cross-vein. Calypterae pure white, knob 
of halteres yellowish. 

9 . Ground color of head blackish, frontal vitta only one-fourth width 
of front, three or four orbital bristles each side, sides of face bearing 
short bristles outside of the regular row of strong bristles, palpi greatly 
dilated at the apex, claws and pulvilli rather short, otherwise as in the <j\ 
Los Angeles County, California. Eight males and eleven 
females, bred by Dr. A. Davidson from larvae found feeding upon 
those of Bombus fervidus. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 173 

ON THE HABITS OF SOME ASILID/E. 
By T. D. A. COCKERELL. 

The article in the April NEWS, on the "Bold Robber Fly," 
induces me to send you the following- notes on Asilidae which 
were prepared for one of our N. Mex. Station Bulletins, but 
crowded out in publication. All the observations recorded were 
made between Las Cruces and the Agricultural College, in the 
Mesilla Valley, New Mexico, altitude 3800 feet. 

I am indebted to Messrs. Coquillett and Johnson for the iden- 
tification of the flies, and to Mr. Fox for reporting on the Hy- 
menoptera mentioned. 

Erax dubius Will. 
Erax cinerascens Bell. 

These two flies belong to the family Asilidae, the species of 
which are recognized by their long tapering bodies and usually 
large size. Flies of this family prey on other insects, and are 
often to be accounted useful, but unfortunately they also prey on 
one another. Both the above species were taken from the clutches 
of other Asilids: Erax dubius from a large kind known as Proc- 
lacanthus philadelphicus, the other from a kind not identified. 
This was on July 28th. 

Mallophora fautrix O.-S. 

A fly over half an inch in length, with brown wings, face with 
a yellow beard, scutellum and abdomen above yellow, thorax and 
legs black. On July 28th one was taken, which, like the last 
two species, had been caught and killed by a large Asilid. On 
August 5th, however, I found one which had itself caught a wasp 
{Odynerus sp. near propinqwis}. 

Thus it appears that a fly, which is able to capture and kill 
wasps, is nevertheless itself liable to be killed by another fly. 
This quite reverses one's natural idea that a wasp, with its sting 
and hard body, would be superior to any fly. 

On July 2Sth another JMallophora (which Mr. Johnson says is 
a new species, unless described from Mexico) was caught with a 
honey bee in its clutches. 

Proctacanthus philadelphicus Macq. 

A large Asilid fly over an inch and a quarter long. As related 
above, one was found preying on Erax. On July 28th I also 



174 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

took one which had caught a butterfly, Synchlce lacinia var. 
crocale. The butterfly is the parent of those spiny caterpillars 
which so abound on sunflowers about Las Cruces. 

Proctacanthus milbertii Macq. 

A large fly like the last. On August I4th one was found which 
had captured a wasp {Bembex sp.). Dr. Riley has recorded 
this species as an enemy of the honey bee. 

Promachus princeps Will. 

Another Asilid fly which Mr. Johnson says was only known 
hitherto from the State of Washington. One was found at Las 
Cruces on July 8th, it had captured a wasp ( Odynerus annnlatus). 



-o- 



COLLECTING IN PROSPECT PARK, BROOKLYN, L. I. 

By H. G. WHITE. 

Living close to this beautiful park I have been there almost 
every day for the past two years in search of specimens of Le- 
pidoptera for my collection. I have searched almost every nook 
and corner, and have been well rewarded for my trouble. Al- 
though being situated within a large city, there are more things 
to be taken there than many collectors may think, and from my 
own observations few collectors seem to care to visit it, for within 
the two years I have only seen three others besides myself. It 
may interest some of the NEWS readers to know what is to be 
found within its grounds. Upon February 28th of this year I 
found some Vanessa antiopa flying in the woods where they had 
been hibernating this Winter. March 3d I took some Pieris 
rapte; April i2th, two Grapta comma; May ist took the first 
Colias philodice; May 6th, one Papilio turmis, which is early for ' 
this locality; May yth one Eudamus tityrus. The Zeuzcra py- 
rina or &sculi is doing its awful work within the park, and all over 
our cities of New York and Brooklyn. Every tree within the 
park is attacked with it, except the resinous ones. It seems to 
me a great pity that our government does not take holdof this 
matter, for it is a most serious one indeed. Then again, there is 
a field for an entomologist in Prospect Park, as in Central Park, 
New York; some of the most beautiful trees within its limits are 
ruined completely. Last season I managed to take good speci- 
mens of the following: 



1 894-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



175 



Vanessa antiopa 
milberti 
atalanta 
huntera 
cardui 

Grapta comma 
progne 
j -album 
I.imenitis Ursula 

disippus 
" arthemis 
Junonia ccenia 
Argynnis idalia 
cybele 
myrina 
bellona 

Danais archippus. 
Melitaea phaeton 
harrisii 

Thecla halesus 
favonius 
edwardsii 
" smilacis 
niphon . 
Lycaena pseudargiolus 

comyntas 
Papilio turnus 

philenor 
asterias 
troilus 
cresphontes 
Callidryas eubule 
Colias eurytheme 



Colias philodice 
Pieris rapce 
" protodice 
" oleracea 
Eudamus tityrus 
cellus 
proteus 
Pamphila zabulon 

leonardus 
peckius 

Hemaris thysbe 
Thyreus abbotii 
Amphion nessus 
Deilephila lineata 

gallii 

Chaerocampa tersa 
Philampelus pandorus 
achemon 
Protoparce celeus 
Carolina 
rustica 
cingulata 
Sphinx gordius 
" chersis 
" luscitiosa 
Smerinthus geminatus 
Paonias excaecatus 
myops 
astylus 

Cressonia juglandis 
Sesia acerni 

" albicornis 
Utetheisa bella 



Arctia nais 

virgo 

Pyrrharctia isabella 
Spilosoma virginica 
Attacus cecropia 

promethea 
angulifera 
Telea polyphemus 
Samia cynthia 
Actias luna 
Hyperchiria io 
Citheronia regalis 
Eacles imperialis 
Dryocampa rubicunda 
Clisiocampa americana 

'" disstria 
Cossus robinise 

querciperda 
Zeuzera pyrina or 

aesculi 

Ennomos subsignaria 
Agrotis baja 

bicarnea 
c-nigrum 
lubricans 
Plusia asrea 
" formosa 
simplex 

Catocala insolabilis 
residua 
nebulosa 
ilia 
cerogama 



-o- 



AN EARLY SPRING TRIP. 

By CHAS. R. BOERNER, Philadelphia, Pa. 

On March i8th, I made a collecting trip to Clementon, Cam- 
den County N. J., it being the first warm day of the year. Insects 
were scarce as yet, but I managed to make the following captures. 
It was my intention to collect water beetles, but the water was 
too cold, as only eight specimens were seen in about an hour's 
time. Cicindela purpurea, vulgaris and re.panda were plentiful, 
but of pn.rpurea I only caught two specimens. Tachys xanthopus 
and T. Jiavicauda were common, the former running along the 



176 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

banks of the lake, and the latter was found under the pine-bark. 
Agonoderus pallipes and Bradycellus rupestris were found flying 
in abundance. I was in hopes of securing more water beetles, 
but had to be satisfied with six specimens of Cnemidotus edentulus, 
two specimens of Ccelambus dissimilus, also. a specimen of C. 
nubilis ? two specimens of Hydroporus obscurus, five specimens 
of Gyrinus analis, a specimen of G. borealis, Dineutes assimilis 
and Helophorus lacustris, two specimens each. During my day's 
wanderings, I came across the dead body of a dog, which proved 
a harvest. I judge (by its odor) it had been lying there about 
three weeks. Of Silpha inequalcE and S. noveboracensis there 
were two specimens each ; Creophilus villosus two specimens. 
Aleochara lata was very common, in fact they seemed to own the 
carcass. Oxyielus sculptus, four specimens ; a species of Lathro- 
bium, also a species of Staphylind undetermined. Omosita colon, 
Nitidula ziczac, N. rufipes, and Aphodius inquinalus, were all 
common. I found on the body two specimens of Onthophagns 
tuberculifrons . This species was really abundant, but at a hasty 
glance I took it for O. pennsyhanicus. On showing it to Mr. 
Wenzel he determined it as tubercidifrons. He was surprised at 
its being found in this locality. In Prof. J. B. Smith's list of 
"Insects found in New Jersey," Dr. Hamilton reports that he 
found it on Brigantine Beach. In the droppings of a horse 
Aphodius inquinaius was found plentifully, while Geotrnpes 
egeriei was found in one specimen. Under the pine-bark I found 
specimens of Elater xanthomus. This is recorded in the New 
Jersey list as one of the rarest Elaters found in this county. 
Rhagium lineata was very common ; one peculiarity about the 
specimens found was that they were completely covered with a 
parasite. Cossonus: concinnus was also common, but most of the 
specimens were dead, and fell apart on handling. A specimen 
of Coxelus guttulatus and a species of Li/argus were also found 
in the stump of an old tree. ' 

o 

NOTES ON THE SPHINGES QF MISSOURI. 
By R. R. ROWLEY, Louisiana, Mo. 

Daremma undulosa. 

On the 30th of August, 1886, eight larvae of this species were 
collected by Mr. Ralph Sweet and the author from ash bushes 
near Curry ville, Mo. These were all well grown when found and 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 177 

were from three to three and a half inches in length and most of 
them of a light whitish or yellowish green above and darker 
green below. Head dark green, with a lateral pink or flesh-col- 
ored stripe, obcordate, but slightly bilobed at the apex or top. 
Feet and caudal horn in the majority of the specimens pink or 
flesh color. In others the horn is green in front with a flesh- 
colored lateral stripe. Spiracles vermilion, with a white or yel- 
low central slit. The whole body, except the caudal shield and 
side plates, smooth (to the eye). Caudal horn with a yellowish 
green tip and covered with pink and green granules. The seven 
lateral, oblique bands yellow, with a dark green shade line above, 
the first six crossing one whole segment and a half of the next. 
The seventh band is the broadest and brightest and extends to 
the base of the caudal horn. Caudal shield and plates with black 
granules. 

One larva was a beautiful brown in color, the shade on the 
upperside of the bands becoming a deep reddish brown with 
greenish yellow patches below the bands. Caudal horn and feet 
bright pink; an indistinct green shade on the upperside of the 
horn which is long, strong and but little curved in all of the 
specimens. 

The larva of imdulosa changes to a watery purple or red before 
burrowing to pupate. Pupa from i^4 to i^ inches long, dark 
brown (almost black;. Tongue case not apparent. The pupa 
is shaped much like that of Ceratomia amyntor. 

From the eight pupae obtained from the larvae of 1886 but 
three imagoes emerged in 1887. 

On the 25th of August, 1887, we collected twenty larvae on 
ash. They were fed in muslin bags on ash and lilac to maturity. 
The half grown larvae were a beautiful bright yellowish green 
above, dark green or bluish green from the spiracles down, ex- 
cept the underside of the third and fourth segments, which were 
yellowish green and similarly colored above. 

One larva, \y? inches long, was bluish green, with first, second 
and seventh bands whitish; the others green. Stripes on the 
head yellow. Spiracles vermilion, with a yellow dot above and 
below. 

One full grown larva was of a light reddish brown ('almost 
wine color); eight or nine were pale bluish green; the rest light 
yellowish green. Head reddish or wine color, with a paler lateral 

6* 



IjS ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

stripe; underside of the body bluish green in the yellow green 
larvae. Caudal horn pink, with a yellowish end terminated by a 
black tip. The seven sphingial bands bright yellow and rather 
broad on the yellow-green larvae, whitish on the blue-green 
" worms." Spiracles brick-red with a surrounding ring of pale 
red. The bands are shaded above by dark green and also by an 
oblong, triangular pink patch on the yellow-green specimens; 
eight creases to each body ring. Some of the larvae began to 
burrow on the day of capture, and pupated in five or six days. 
The burrow is several inches in depth. 

Hemaris diffinis. 

I have collected the larvae of this species on feverwort in June, 
and later in the Summer on buckberry and snowberry. The 
mature "worm" is nearly two inches long; side of body light 
yellowish green with yellow granules; top of the body bluish 
green with white granules; underside of the body dirty brown. 
Top of second segment set with strong tooth-like yellow gran- 
ules surrounding the head not unlike a yellow collar. Head 
blue-green; feet banded with black and dirty white. Spiracles 
black, set in an oval bluish spot with a white dot above and below 
(the spiracle). Caudal horn slender, almost straight, black and 
heavily granular, yellow at the side of the base. Young larva 
whitish, with black horn and a very distinct yellow "collar." 
Larva does not burrow, but spins a thin cocoon inside of leaves. 
Pupa almost black. 

o 

ON A COLLECTION OF NEUROPTEROID INSECTS 
FROM KANSAS. 

By NATHAN BANKS. 

Mr. W. A. Snow, of the University of Kansas, has kindly sent 
me for determination the collection of these insects in that in- 
stitution. Although the collection is small, yet it adds materially 
to our knowledge of the distribution of these interesting insects, 
as hardly any species were previously known from the State. 

PERLIDJE. 

Pteronarcys nobi/is Hag., i tf. Tennessee specimen. The basal 

This differs somewhat from Ha" border of the antenna- is narrow 

gen's description of his New York and without a process above. The 

specimen, but resembles more his angles of the prothorax sharp, the 



1 8 9 4-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



179 



sides slightly concave; the knees 
are black; the venter orange in 
the middle; veins of wings some- 
what clouded, especially near 
base; the ninth ventral segment 
black, except tip, which is yel- 
lowish, deeply notched ; the ap- 
pendages of the last dorsal seg- 
ment are brown and their superior 
margins slightly concave. Length 
27 mm. 

Acroneuria sp., i 9- Estes Park, 
Col. Probably a form of the 
common abnormis. 



Pseudoperla occipitalis Pict., i 9- 
Perla lurida Hag., 2 $, i $. The 

appendages of the last dorsal 

segment of the $ are slender, 

narrowed at the tip and sharp 

pointed. 

Perla zanthenes Newm., i $, i $. 
-The (^ appendages are much 

broader and more blunt than in 

lurida. 
Perla ephyre Newm., i 9, i c? ? 

The (^ may be another species. 
Capnia sp., i specimen. 



EPHEMERIDJE. 



Poly in itarcys albus Say ? One sub- 
imago, probably this species. 

Hexagenia bilineata Say, 3 spec. 

Hexagenia venusta Eat., 2 spec. 

Pentagenia ^-punctata Walsh, i 
subimago. 

Leptophlebia sp., 2 specimens. 



Siphlnnts sp., 2 specimens. 
Siphlurus aridus Walk. ? A sub- 
imago, perhaps this species. 
Heptagenia pule he Ha Walsh, 2 sp. 
Heptagenia sp., i specimen. 
Ccenisdiuiinuta Walk., 3 specimens 



ODONATA. 



Calopteryx maculata Beauv., i 9- 

Hetczrina americana Fab., i (J 1 . 

Hetfsrina basalis Hag., i (J. 

Lestes forcipata Ramb., i 9- 

Argia apicalis Say, 2 9 > I c?- 

Ischnura verticalis Say, 4 spec. 

Enallagma civile Hag., i cT-~~ 
Manitou Park, Col. 

Enallagma prcevara Hag., i $. 

Enallagma signata Hag., i $. 

Enallagma sp., i 9- Thorax vil- 
lous, moderately large, prothorax 
with a pale spot each side, post- 
ocular spots confluent, abdomen 
as in E. siguata, but a small me. 
dian black spot on segment 10, 
it is also a little shorter than in 
that species, pterostigma very 
short, almost white,' as are also 
the costal veins. 

Herpetogomphus dcsignatus Selys, 

id 1 - 



Cphiogomphus sever us Hag., i 9- 

Manitou Park, Col. 
Gomphns externalis Selys, i tf. 
Gomphus ainnicola Walsh, i $. 
Anax junius Drury, i 9 
Macromia ttsniolata Ramb., i $. 
Epitheca obsoleta Say, i 9 
Pant a la hymcncea Say, i cf , 2 9 . 
Perithemis domitia Drury, i ^, 2 9 . 
Libellula triinacnlata DeGeer, i 9 
Libellula basalis Say, i $. 
Mesotheviis siniplicicollis Say, 3 ^. 
Mesothemis longipennis'Rurm., i 9- 
Dip/ax riibiciinda Say, : 9 
Diplax costifera Hag., i 9- 
Diplax decisa Hag., i 9- Agrees 

with Hagen's description, except 

that the wings are flavescent to 

the nodus. 

corrupta Hag., i $, i 9. 



180 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

NEUROPTERA. 

Raphidia oblita Hag., 2 specimens. Bittacus stigmaterus Say, 2 spec. 

Colorado. Brachynemurus abdominalis Say, 

Hemerobius sp. , i specimen. i specimen. 

Polystcechotes punctatus Say, i sp. Brachynemurus sp., 2 specimens. 

Chrysopanigricornis Burm., i sp. Colorado. 

Chrysopa florabunda Fitch, i spec. Ulula hyalina Latr., i specimen. 
Bittacus strigosus Hag., 2 spec. 

TRICHOPTERA. 

Set'odes urowarii Kol., i specimen. white; anterior wings black, with 

Setodes albida Walk., 2 specimens. many small white spots, most 

Setodes incerta Walk. ?, i specimen numerous near tip; posterior 

Has the palpi shorter and more wings fusco-hyaline, cilia black. 

hairy than other specimens which Spurs 1.2.2. Length 98.5111111. 

I have seen and may be different. One $ and one rf, Douglas Co., 

Leptocerus dilutus Hag., 3 spec. Kans., August, electric light. A 

Mystacides punctata nov. sp. larger specimen has a greenish 

Black, with white spots. Palpi abdomen, the tarsi spotted with 

black with black hair, second black, part of the basal joint of 

joint short, third much longer, antennae and the face white; it 

fourth a little shorter than the may be different, but is badly 

third, fifth long and flexible, ta- rubbed. 

pering. Antennas black, basal Hy dropsy che scalaris Hag., 2 spec. 

third annulate with snow white, Hydropsy che sp. , 2 specimens. 

basal joint black, with a white Hydropsyche phalerata Hag., 8 sp. 

line on inner side; thorax and ab- -There may be two or more 

domen black; legs fuscous, tarsi species in this. 

All the specimens are from Douglas County, Kansas, unless 
otherwise marked. 



Mrs. SLOSSON has sent me a very interesting species as a result of her 
stay in Florida this Winter. Thecla acis was described by Drury in 1773. 
The species has remained exceedingly rare in collections in this country, 
and is wanting in a number of the largest. The locality given by Drury 
is New York, which is evidently an error. Acis is a West Indian species, 
and its geographical range is probably not accurately known. Mrs. Slos- 
son says in regard to it: "I had grown tired of collecting Theclas and 
finding them all pceas, and was surprised to find these two strangers (acis) 
in the net. They were fluttering with the others about blossoms and 
leaves in the hot sunshine on a path through the low scrub quite near the 
ocean beach at Lake Worth." There is a good description of the species 
in French's " Butterflies of the Eastern United States. HENRY SKINNER. 



1894-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



Published monthly (except July and August), in charge of the joint 
publication committees of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, and the American Entomological 
Society. It will contain not less than 300 pages per annum. It will main- 
tain no free list whatever, but will leave no measure untried to make it a 
necessity to every student of insect life, so that its very moderate annual 
subscription may be considered well spent. 

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION $1.00, IN ADTANCE. 

Sij^ All remittances should be addressed to E T Cresson, Treasurer, 
P. O. Box 248, Philadelphia, Pa. ; all other communications to the Editors 
of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA, PA., JUNE, 1894. 

FIELD MEETING. 

ON the 4th of July, 1890, a field meeting of the entomological societies 
of New York, Brooklyn, Newark and Philadelphia, was held at James- 
burg, N. J. A similar meeting was held on the same date of the follow- 
ing year. These two meetings were so profitable and enjoyable that a 
number of our entomological friends desire to have a similar meeting this 
year on the " fourth." Jamesburg is probably the most suitable place to 
meet, as it a good place to collect and about equidistant between the cities 
mentioned. It is earnestly hoped that all the entomologists of the four 
cities will attend, and also any from other places interested in the subject. 
It is exceedingly pleasant to meet our entomological friends and corre- 
spondents, some of whom we have never seen. Greetings and expe- 
riences are exchanged and many topics of interest discussed at luncheon 
time with mother earth for a seat and the blue canopy above, partly in- 
tercepted by the delicate springtime leaves. The idea is to devote the 
morning to collecting if so desired, and then to have a general meet at 
luncheon and devote the afternoon to social pleasures. Jamesburg is on 
the Amboy division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and may be reached 
from New York via. Monmouth Junction, 7. 20 a.m.; Newark, 7.503.111.; 
Philadelphia, Broad Street Station, 6. 50 a.m.; Camden, 7.00 a.m. Later 
trains leave New York via. Rahway and Philadelphia on the Long Branch 
division, but it is urged that the early train be taken, as this will bring the 
party into Jamesburg at the same time. Nothing has been absolutely de- 
cided upon yet, but it is sincerely hoped that the meeting may be con- 
summated. If the different societies agree to have the excursion, all 
parties interested could get any necessary information from the different 
secretaries. Why not make it a big success ? 



l82 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 



Edited by Prof. JOHN B, SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J. 

The United States Entomologist. We have received, with extreme regret, 
a notice of the resignation of Dr. C. V. Riley of his position as United 
States Entomologist to take effect June i, 1894. After that date Dr. 
Riley's address will be at the U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. 

Of Dr. Riley's service in the cause of Economic Entomology we need 
say nothing. His published works speak for him better than anything 
else. In his resignation the Department will sustain a loss, the extent of 
which it is impossible to state at present. As Dr. Riley is fortunately still 
among the living we cannot say as much of praise as we might under 
other circumstances; but we are not sure that the Department's loss will 
not be Dr. Riley's gain. The demands upon the official time of the head 
of the Department of Entomology are so great and are so constantly 
increasing that it becomes difficult to obtain opportunity for other than 
mere routine work. The cares and worries of official position, the ques- 
tion of appropriations, of expenditures and red tape generally, is not 
favorable to the production of the clearest and best scientific thought, and 
in resigning from the Department to retire among the quieter shades of 
the National Museum, Dr. Riley has perhaps adopted a course which will 
be beneficial to his health, while enabling him at the same time to arrange 
and systematize some of the immense masses of notes and material which 
he has accumulated during the many years of his active career. While, 
therefore, we regret Dr. Riley's resignation as Entomologist, deeming no 
one within our knowledge quite so fit for the position as he, we are not 
without hope that his successor will be a man who is not unacquainted 
with Dr. Riley's methods of work, and who will be able to profit by his 
experience, and perhaps also by his advice in the future. It is desirable 
that the man to fill this position should be one who has the general respect 
of the entomologists ot the United States, perhaps I should say the world. 
More than in any other lines the United States Entomologist is looked 
upon as representing Entomology in the United States. During Dr. 
Riley's administration his Department has become to be considered as 
the American center,' and to this application is made by entomologists 
from all portions of the world. Indeed, I may say that a most liberal 
use of the Department and of the United States Entomologist is made 
by the entomologists of this country, and particularly those holding offi- 
cial positions at the Experiment Stations. In filling this position merit 
only should be looked to and politics should not receive consideration 
for an instant. 

The San Jose Scale. Under date of April 4, 1894, the United States 
Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, issued circular No. 
3, second series, with information concerning the character and spread of 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 183 

the above insect, detailing the places where it has been found in the east 
and describing its introduction into this country, and its history in a suc- 
cinct manner. Illustrations showing the insect in all its stages and exam- 
ples of infested fruit and twigs are also given, and suggestions as to the 
remedies which should be used. In the body of the circular the sugges- 
tion is made that some of the eastern nurseries, and New Jersey was es- 
pecially hinted at, were responsible for the distribution of the scale in the 
Atlantic States. This attracted my attention of course, and an investiga- 
tion was made, which resulted in the discovery that the charge was true, 
and that the scale had been present in Ne\v Jersey for a period of six or 
seven years at least, and had been distributed from at least one point for 
three or four years in succession. According to the account given in the 
Bulletin above cited the scale was first brought to California from Chile 
about 1870, but did not become noticeable until 1873. In 1886 or 1887, a 
New Jersey grower ordered from California, San Jos district, a consider- 
able quantity of Japanese plums which were sent him in due course, from 
which the scale spread to other stock in his nursery, and through this stock 
into neighboring orchards. I saw the scale on a few young trees in the 
fall of 1893, but did not recognize its character, paying very little attention 
to it since no special complaint was made of its abundance, and because 
I had not that special knowledge in the group which enabled me to rec- 
ognize the insect at a glance. A region of from six to ten miles along the 
Delaware and extending into New Jersey for perhaps five miles back is 
quite generally infested, although varying of course in degree in the or- 
chards, according to the age of the trees and the date of infection. How 
much further the insect has spread within the State I have not yet been 
able to ascertain, but am conducting investigations with the view of dis- 
covering the facts. Fortunately the character of the community in the 
infested district is such that the gentlemen engaged in fruit culture are 
able to appreciate the gravity of the situation, and wherever it has been 
shown that the scale has an existence the most active measures have been 
taken to stamp it out. In the nursery from which it started thousands of 
dollars' worth of stock has been destroyed, because it was more or less 
infested by this insect. Many large trees have been taken out and burnt, 
others have been cut back liberally, and yet others are marked for radical 
treatment at the proper time. The strictest supervision is now exercised 
over stock that is sent out, and none that is suspicious will be distributed 
hereafter. I think I may say positively that from the original source of 
infection no further distribution of the scale will be made, and I also feel 
hopeful that wherever the scale has been shown to be present, measures 
will be taken such as will enable it to be completely destroyed. The in- 
vestigations that have been made thus far are not sufficient to authorize 
any conclusions concerning the preferences of the scale, but some quite 
marked indications exist. For instance, among the plums, the Japanese 
varieties are favorites, while the American and European varieties seem 
to be less attacked, although by no means exempt. Among pears, the 



184 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

Bartlett, Lawrence and Idaho, are prime favorites, while the Keiffer seems 
to be entirely exempt, the Leconte very nearly so, and other stocks vary- 
ing in susceptibility. As a rule, French stocks are infested. The most 
interesting thing noticed seems to be the absolute immunity of the Keiffer, 
for even where a single tree planted in a trial row has its branches crossed 
and interlocked with other varieties on each side it will be free, though 
the neighboring trees on each side may be infested, and I have seen isolated 
trees of other varieties standing in Keiffer orchard infested, while the 
Keiffers themselves did not show the least trace of the scale. Yet it may 
be premature to assert that under all circumstances the Keiffer is exempt. 
The introduction of this scale into the east is another lesson in care, and 
it gives another illustration of the way in which injurious insects are dis- 
tributed. Too great care cannot be exercised in the examination of stock 
received by nurseries from other districts, and on the other hand every 
farmer, or every fruit grower, before he sets out a tree should examine it 
with extreme minuteness in order to make certain that it does not intro- 
duce some pest theretofore unknown on his land. One of the objects of 
this note is also to attract the attention of entomologists and agriculturists 
to the importance of seeking it in orchards throughout the east, and es- 
pecially orchards that have been newly set within the last half a dozen 
years. The nursery from which this insect was distributed is one having 
a very large trade, and stock that is likely to be infested has been sent in 
every direction throughout the east. It is known that at least one orchard 
in Pennsylvania is infested, and probably more will be found; but it be- 
hooves the officers of horticultural societies and agricultural bodies to 
look into this matter now when there is yet a possibility of limiting or 
checking the spread of the insect, whereas in a very few years it may be 
so much beyond our control that nothing can be done. 

An Exportation of Beneficial Insects. Heretofore the discussion has 
been mostly of the possibility of importing insects that are, or that are 
supposed to be, beneficial to agriculturists by breeding upon injurious 
species. Dr. Riley has informed us that an experiment has just been 
made by which one of our insects, Chilocorus bivulnerns, has been ex- 
ported to the West Indies with the idea of destroying certain scales oc- 
curring in those islands. The facts as given by Dr. Riley are, that for 
three or four years the extensive lime plantations of the Montserrat Co., 
Birmingham, England, located on the Island Montserrat, have been suf- 
fering from the attacks of various scale-insects, and particularly ilfytilaspis 
citricola and Chionaspis citri. Spraying and fumigating were tried at the 
suggestion of Dr. Riley on a limited portion of the estate; but the injury 
continued and became so serious that finally he determined to ask leave 
of absence from official duties and personally investigate, the Montserrat 
Co. paying expenses. Dr. Riley was accompanied on this trip by Mr. H. 
G. Hubbard, whose thorough work on the insects infesting oranges in 
Florida peculiarly fitted him for this investigation. The start was made 
February xyth, and two months were spent at Montserrat, Dominica and 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 185 

Martinique, the three islands on which limes are most extensively grown, 
and in which they seem to come to the greatest perfection. Dr. Riley 
says that the trip was full of interest, and will, he fully believes, ultimately 
result in benefit to the Company. Among the natural enemies found at 
work among the scale insects, some of which were identical with those 
found in the United States, there was no trace of the Twice-stabbed Lady- 
bird, Chilocorus bivulnerns, which is, after all, most effective in keeping 
the scales in check in Florida. Anticipating its absence, Dr. Riley had 
arranged for shipments from home, some of which had already arrived in 
good condition before he left Washington, and after latest advices from 
Mr. Hubbard, were reveling in Montserrat scales. Dr. Riley thinks there 
is every hope, therefore, that we may have in this instance another striking 
example of the value of the importation of beneficial insects under pecu- 
liarly favorable conditions. 



Notes and. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS 
OF THE GLOBE. 

[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit, and will thankfully receive items 
of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given 
in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] 



To Contributors. All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our 
earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- 
ence, as to make it necessary to put " copy" into the hands of the printer, for each number, 
three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- 
portant matter for certain issue. Twenty-five "extras" without change in form will be 
given free when they are wanted, and this should be so stated on the MS. along with the 
number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. ED. 



THERE will be no NEWS for July or August. 

PICTURES for the album of the American Entomological Society have 
been received from \V. Hampton Patton, Dr. F. E. Blaisdell, G. B. King. 

I HAVE a large number of the cocoons of Pronuba yuccasella contain- 
ing living pupae, and shall be glad to send some, on application, to anyone 
who is interested in trying to secure fruit from Yucca Ji/anien/osa growing 
in gardens which are north of the range of the insect, and hence do not 
normally produce fruit. C. V. RILEY. 

TRANSACTIONS of the American Entomological Society, vol. xxi, No. 
2, now in press, will contain the following papers: Revision of the genera 
and species of Desmori of North America, by Wm. G. Dietz, M.D. A 
preliminary revision of the Lepidopterous family Notodontidae, by B. 
Neumoegen and H. G. Dyar. Some new American Acarina, by Nathan 
Banks. 



1 86 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

IT will be of interest to the entomologists of the United States to learn 
that the University of Kansas has recently acquired by purchase the en- 
tire collection of North American Diptera, including the types made by 
Prof. Townsend. The collection will make an especially valuable addi- 
tion to the already very large collection of American Diptera, by far the 
largest in existence, now at the University of Kansas. The University 
collection now includes between twenty-five and thirty thousand speci- 
mens, and between four and five thousand species. The resources of the 
University, under the able administration of Chancellor Snow, and aided 
by his son, Mr. W. A. Snow, will enable this collection to be soon put in 
order, permitting for the first time the easy and ready determination of 
collections. An expedition to the southwest, especially for the collection 
of Diptera, is contemplated the present season, which, it is hoped, will 
add from five to ten thousand specimens to the collections. 

S. W. WILLISTON. 

AN OPEN LETTER FROM DR. RILEY. To friends and correspondents : 
Inasmuch as a press despatch, inspired by other motives than love of 
truth, has given wide circulation to a false statement in regard to my re- 
cent resignation as Entomologist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, 
and inasmuch as I am receiving more-letters of regret and inquiry than 
can well be responded to in writing, this printed form is employed to save 
time in answering letters and to correct any misconception of the facts. 

As shown by the text of the letter addressed by me to the Secretary 
of Agriculture in resigning office, the action was prompted by a due re- 
gard for the wishes of my family, for my health, and for my peace of 
mind; and, as intimate friends well knew, it had been contemplated for 
some time. It was taken without suggestion from, or consultation with, 
the Secretary of Agriculture or anyone else, and, since resignation of 
government office is so often looked upon as practical dismissal, I took 
particular pains to state these facts. 

To those who may feel regret at this course, or who have already ex- 
pressed it, let me say that I was never much in love with Department 
life, as, under the most favorable circumstances, there are many unpleas- 
ant features connected with it to one ambitious to achieve results and 
impatient of political methods, unnecessary red tape or needless restric- 
tions. 

Many years of activity in the position which I am about to leave have 
resulted in impaired health, and I have simply taken a step which ought 
to have been taken long ago. To those who feel interested in my future 
let me say that for a while I shall make no definite plans, but that I can 
never lose interest in the subject of entomology. Relieved of the ad- 
ministrative detail and drudgery connected with the office, I hope, in con- 
nection with the honorary curatorship of the Department of Insects in the 
U. S. National Museum, to be able to do some long contemplated work 
of a purely scientific character. My address in future will, therefore, be, 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 187 

care U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C., to which all publications 
now addressed to me at the Department of Agriculture should be for- 
warded. C. Y. RILEY. 

Identification of Insects (Jmagos) for Subscribers. 

Specimens will be named under the following conditions : ist, The number of species 
to be limited to twenty-five for each sending; 2d, The sender to pay all expenses of trans- 
portation and the insects to become the property of the American Entomological Society ; 
3d, Each specimen must have a number attached so that the identification may be an- 
nounced accordingly. Exotic species named only by special arrangement with the Editor, 
who should be consulted before specimens are sent. Send a 2 cent stamp with all insects 
for return of names. Before sending insects for identification, read page 41, Vol. Ill, 
Address all packages to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy Natural Sciences, Logan 
Square, Philadelphia, Pa. 



N. B. It is to the generosity 01 Mr. Liebeck, who has devoted much 
of his time to the matter, that the NEWS has been able to identify Coleop- 
tera for its subscribers. As Mr. Liebeck now desires a well-earned vaca- 
tion, subscribers are requested not to send any more Coleoptera for iden- 
tification until after September i, 1894, as such specimens cannot receive 
attention until that time. EDS. 



Entomological Liter ature. 



1. ANNULS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, vii, Nos. 6-12, 
March, 1894. Coleopterological notices v, T. L. Casey, i pi. 

2. THE BOTANICAL GAZETTE, xix, 4. Madison, Wis., April, 1894. 
Artificial cultures of an entomogenous fungus, G. F. Atkinson, 3 pis. 

3. BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, vi. 
New York, April, 1894. Studies of some species of North American Ae- 
geriidce, W. Beutenmiiller. 

4. OVERSIGT OVER DET KONGELIGE DANSKE VlDENSKABERNES SELS- 

KABS FORHANDLINGER, 1893, 2. Copenhagen. Larvae of the genus 
Acilius, F. Meinert, i pi. 

5. NATURE. London, April 5, 1894. Centipedes and their young, F. 
W. Urich. April 12. Bees and dead carcases, W. F. Kirby. May 3. 
Centipedes and their young, Dr. R. v. Lendenfeld. 

6. TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 
1893. A revision of the genus Yp/if/ihna, with especial reference 'to the 
characters afforded by the male genitalia, H. J. Ehves and J. Edwards. 
The effects of temperature in the pupal stage on the coloring of Picris 
napi, Vanessa atalanla, Chrysophanns plilosas and Ephyra piinctaria, F. 
Merrifield, i pi. On _the phylogenetic significance of the variations pro- 
duced by differences of temperature in Vanessa atalanta; an appendix to 



188 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

the preceding paper, Dr. F. A. Dixey. Descriptions of new genera and 
species of Neotropical Rhynchota, W. L. Distant. On some neglected 
points in the structure of the pupae of Heterocerous Lepidoptera, and 
their probable value in classification; with some associated observations 
on larval prolegs, Dr. T. A. Chapman. Two new species of Pulvinaria 
from Jamaica, T. D. A. Cockerell, figs. On stridulation in ants, Dr. D. 
Sharp. Dicranota, a carnivorous Tipulid larva, Prof. L. C. Miall, 4 pis. 
On a Lepidopterous pupa (Micropteryx purpurella) with functionally 
active mandibles, Dr. T. A. Chapman. Description of a new genus and 
species of Papilionidae from Mexico, O. Salvin. Formicidae of St. Vin- 
cent, collected by Mr. H. H. Smith, Dr. A. Forel. The cost of insect 
collections, Dr. D. Sharp. On the sexes of larvae emerging from the suc- 
cessively laid eggs of Smerinthns populi, E. B. Poulton. A revision of 
the genus Oeneis, H. J. Elwes and J. Edwards. 

7. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILA- 
DELPHIA, 1893, part iii. Heredity in the social colonies of the Hymen- 
optera, E. D. Cope. 

8. THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE. London, April, 1894. 
A new species of A/eurodes, ]. W. Douglas, figs. Note on Thermobia 
furnorum Rovelli, Dr. D. Sharp. Thermobia furnornin Rovelli and 
Lepismodes inqnilina Newman, R. McLachlan. The entomology of a 
London bakehouse, F. Milton. Why are large Perlidae resident in Scotch 
but not in Swiss lakes ?, A. E. Eaton. Notes on the earlier stages of the 
Nepticulae, J. H. Wood. May, 1894. Abundance of Pyrameis cardui L. 
in the Ziban, Algeria, Rev. A. E. Eaton. Patent postal box without 
packing, H. G. Knaggs. British Hemiptera, additions and corrections, 
J. Edwards. Supplement to annotated list of British Tachiniidae, R. H. 
Meade. Tinea pallescentella in a wasp's nest, C. G. Barrett. 

9. THE ENTOMOLOGIST. London, April, 1894. The new entomology 

(cont.), W. E. Sharp. A catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Ireland (cont.), 

W. F. de V. Kane. May, 1894. John Jenner Weir (with portrait), Ed. A 

dark chamber for larvae, H. G. Knaggs, figs. The genus Philometra Grote, 

J. B. Smith. Remarks on certain genera of Coccidae, W. M. Maskell. 

10. THE GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE. London, April, 1894. Further re- 
marks on the tertiary (Eocene) insects from the Isle of Wight, and on 
others from the Lias and Coal-measures, Rev. P. B. Brodie. 

11. THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. New York, May, 1894. The 
guests of the mayflower, Prof. C. M. Weed, figs. 

12. TERMESZETRAJZI FUZETEK, 1893, Nos. 3-4. Budapest, Jan. 31, 
1894. New or little-known Myriapods in the zoological collection of the 
Hungarian National Museum, Dr. E. v. Daday, 3 pi. 

13. ZOOLOGISCHER ANZEiGER. Leipzig, April 2, 1894. Contribution 
to the knowledge of the abdomen of male Elateridae, C. Verhoeff, figs. 
On Hydrachnidas, R. Piersig (cont.). April 9, 1894, Predatory Pseudo- 
scorpions, W. Hess. On the significance of the endosternite of Arach- 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 189 

nids ii, W. Schimkewitsch. Anatomy of the salivary glands of the Hy- 
menoptera of the family Ichneumonidse, M. Bordas. 

14. THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. London, 
April, 1894. The Elateridae of Japan, G. Lewis. Corylophidae and Tri- 
chopterygidae found in the West Indian Islands, Rev. A. Matthews. De- 
scriptions of some new species of Heterocera from Central America, H. 
Druce. Contributions to the knowledge of the antennary sense organs 
of insects, C. M. Child (transl. Zool. Anz. Feb. 5, 1894). 

15. PROCEEDINGS OF THE VICTORIA INSTITUTE OF TRINIDAD. Parti. 
Port-of-Spain, March, '94. Notes on the study of butterflies, B. Rake, M.D. 

16. BULLETINO DELLA SOCIETA ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA, XXVJ, I. 

Florence, March 25, 1894. First materials for a limnological fauna of the 
Lago di Garda, A. Garbini. Materials for a catalogue of Italian Mallo- 
phaga and Pediculina, A. Berlese. Revision of the European species of 
the Mosquito family (cont.), E. Ficalbi. 

17. THE JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE MEDICINE AND VETERINARY AR- 
CHIVES. New York, March, 1894. On the emasculating botfly, figs. 

18. TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, xxi, 
i. Philadelphia, January-March, 1894. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of 
Alaska with the synonymy and distribution, J. Hamilton, M.D. Descrip- 
tions of new genera and species of Noctuidse, J. B. Smith, Sc.D., 6 pis. 
Notes and descriptions of North American Bombylidae, D. W. Coquillett. 

19. SOCIETAS ENTOMOLOGICA. Zurich-Hottingen, March i, 1894. 
On the marks of copulation among insects, Dr. K. Escherich. April 15. 
Some new termites from Ceylon, with remarks on their guests, E. \Yas- 
man, S. J. 

20. ANNALES DE LA SOCIETE ENTOMOLOGIQUE DE BELGIQUE, xxxviii, 
3. Brussels, 1894. Study on the geographical distribution of the Bu- 
prestidse, C. Kerremans. xxxvii, 13, 1893. President's address [solitary 
and communal life among insects], M. Tosquinet. 

21. MISSISSIPPI AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE EXPERI- 
MENT STATION. Bulletin No. 28. The horn-fly, H. E. Weed. Agr. 
Coll., Miss., January, 1894; figs. 

22. THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S RECORD AND JOURNAL OF VARIATION. 
London, April 15, 1894. The life-history of a Lepidopterous insect, com- 
prising some account of its morphology and physiology, J. \V. Tutt. 
Dealers and stealers, H. R. Brown. John Jenner Weir obituary, }. \V. 
Tutt, with portrait. 

23. ATTI DELLA SOCIETA TOSCANA DI SCIENZE NATURALI. Memorie, 
xiii. Pisa, 1894. Contributions to the study of the digestive tube of Ar- 
thropoda: histological and physiological researches on the digestive tube 
of Orthoptera, G. Visart, figs. 

24. LE NATURALISTE. Paris, April 15, 1894. The rearing of Hymen- 
optera, Dr. F. Regnault. 



1 90 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

25. COMPTES RENDUS. L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. Paris, April 9, 
1894. On antennal nerves and chordotonal organs in ants, C. Janet. On 
revivification of Tardigrada, D. Lance. April 16. On the venomous ap- 
paratus of Hymenoptera, M. Bordas. The rejection of blood as a means 
of defense in some Coleoptera, L. Cuenot. April 25. Diptera parasitic 
on Acridians the Bombylidse; larval hypnody and metamorphosis with 
active and resting stages, J. K. d'Herculais. 

26. PSYCHE. Cambridge, Mass., May, 1894. The habits of the aculeate 
Hymenoptera iv, W. H. Ashmead. Further notes on Coleoptera found 
with ants, H. F. Wickham. Two cave beetles not before recorded, H. 
Garman, figs. New and undescribed genera and species of West African 
Noctuidae iv, \V. J. Holland, i pi. Preparatory stages of Pseudohazis 
shast<znsis Behrens, H. G. Dyar. 

27. PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, xxxii. 
Philadelphia, April 4, 1894. Tertiary Tipulidae, with special reference to 
those of Florissant, Col., S. H. Scudder, 9 pis. 

28. FAUNA, 1894, i. Luxembourg. Honey dew and its origin, Dr. E. 
J. Klein. 

29. SCIENCE. New York, March 23, 1894. The sembling of a large 
native moth, Telea polyphemus, H. Garman. 

30. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, No. 281. New Haven, 
Conn., May, 1894. Observations on the derivation and homologies of 
some Articulates, J. D. Dana. 

31. THE CORRELATION OF STRUCTURE and host relation among the 
Encyrtinse, L. O. Howard. Wilder Quarter Century Book, pp. 177-185. 
Ithaca, N. Y., 1893. 

32. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY CIRCULARS, xiii, No. ui. Baltimore, 
April, 1894. Origin of the " Nasutus" (soldier) of Eutermes, H. M. 
Knower, figs. 

33. THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. London, April 28, 1894. Death 
to the green-fly, M. C. C. 

34. LEPIDOPTERA INDICA. By F. Moore. Pt. xvii (vol. ii, pp. 113-136, 
pis. 123-130). London, L. Reeve & Co., 1894. 

35. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WissENSCHAFTLicHEZooLociE, Ivii, 3. Leipsic, 
April 17, 1894. Contributions to the knowledge of the developmental 
history of the scorpion, A. Brauer. 

36. POPULAR SCIENCE NEWS. Boston, May, 1894. Insect parasites 
of animals i, J. B. Smith, figs. 

37. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. London, Ont., May, 1894. But- 
terflies common to Norway and Arctic America, F. M. Webster. Try- 
peta solidaginis Fitch and its parasites, Rev. T. VV. Fyles. Some notes 
on the collecting season- of 1893, J. A. Moffat. Notes on some scale in- 
sects of the subfamily Diaspinae, T. D. A. Cockerell. A reply to Mr. \Y. 
H. Edwards, H. J. Elwes. New North American Homoptera viii, E. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 

P. Van Duzee. Zethus aztecus in Florida, W. H. Patten. Note on Acro- 
nycta cristifera Walk., A. R. Grote. Folded wings in Fcenus, W. H. 
Patten. 

38. THE LONDON, EDINBURGH AND DUBLIN PHILOSOPHICAL MAGA- 
ZINE AND JOURNAL OF SCIENCE (5), 228. London, May, 1894. Note on 
the elasticity of spider lines, J. H. Gray. 

39. THE BRITISH NATURALIST. London, April 15, 1894. The effects 
of cold upon insect pests, F. V. Theobald. 

40. KNOWLEDGE. London, May i, 1894. Insect secretions i, E. A. 
Butler. 

41. FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. 
St. Louis, 1894. The emergence of Pronuba from the Yucca capsules, J. 
C. Whitten. 

42. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (2), iv, 
pp. 92-121. San Francisco, April 19, 1894. Second report on some Hy- 
menoptera from Lower California, Mexico, W. J. Fox. 

43. JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, i, 4, De- 
cember, 1893. [Not previously received.] Spring collecting in northern 
Florida, Mrs. A. T. Slosson. A strange form of Catocala, G. A. Ehr- 
mann. A preliminary revision of the Bombyces of America north of 
Mexico (cont. ), B. Neumoegen and H. Dyar. Four new genera and spe- 
cies of West African Sesiidas, W. J. Holland, figs. List of the Coleoptera 
of Northeastern America, with special reference to the fauna of New York 
City and vicinity (cont.), C. W. Leng and W. Beutenmiiller. 

44. INSECT LIFE, vi, 4. Washington, D. C., May, 1894. A new and 
destructive peach tree scale (Diaspis lanatus Morg. and Ckll.), Eds., figs. 
The currant stem-girdler (Phyllcecus \_Janus\ flaviventris Fitch), C. L. 
Marlatt, figs. Habits of Stibadium spuiiiosiuu Gr., M. E. Murtfeldt. The 
insect guests of the Florida land tortoise, H. G. Hubbard, figs. The 
control of Phylloxera by submersion, Eds., figs. Acorn insects, primary 
and secondary, M. E. Murtfeldt. Preliminary report on suppressing the 
San Jose" scale in Virginia, D. W. Coquillett. 

45. PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOSTON SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY, 
xxvi, pp. 220-240, April 18, 1894. Spharagemon: a study of the New 
England species, A. P. Morse. 

46. NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL REPORT for 1894, pp. 154-223. 
[Lincoln, Neb.] Insect enemies of the apple tree and its fruit, L. Bruner, 
figs. 

47. CATALOGUS HYMENOPTERORUM hucusque descriptorum systemati- 
cus et synonymicus. Auctore Dr. C. G. de Dalla Torre. Vol. 11: ( y- 
nipicloe. Lipsiae, Sumptibus Guilelmi Engeimann, MDCCCXCIII, 140 pp. 

48. SPECIES DES HYMENOPTERES D'EUROPE ET D'ALGERIE fonde" par 
Edmond Andre" et continue sous la direction scientifique de Ernest Andre". 
45e Fascicule [pp. 241-336, vol. v Braconidae]. Paris, M. Duboscard, 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

Jan. i, 1894. 466 Fascicule [pp. 273-336, pis. vii, ix, xii-xvii, vol. vi 
Chrysididse; pis. iii-viii, vol. v], April i, 1894. 

49. ENTOMOLOGISCHE NACHRICHTEN, xx, 6, Berlin, March, 1894. 
Review of H. J. Kolbe's " Einfuhrung in die Kenntniss^ der Insekten, C. 
Verhoeff. On the comparative morphology of the abdominal appendages 
of Coleoptera, id. 7. April, 1894. On primary and secondary sexual 
characters of insects, an answer to Dr. K. Escherich, id. 8. April, 1894. 
Descriptions of new Lamellicorns, Buprestidae and Cerambycidae from 
Central and South America, A. F. Nonfried. 



INDEX TO THE PRECEDING LITERATURE 



The number after each author's name in this index refers to the journal, as numbered 
in the preceding literature, in which that author's paper was published ; * denotes new 
American forms. 



THE GENERAL SUBJECT. 

Atkinson 2, Sharp 6, Milton 8, Knaggs 8, 9, Sharp 9, Brodie 10, Weed 
n, Child 14, Garbini 16, Brown 22, Tutt, 22, Lance 25, Dana 30, Smith 
36, Theobald 39, Butler 40, Mrs. Slosson 43, Hubbard 44, Bruner 46, Tos- 
quinet 20, Verhoeff 49 (two) Escherich 19. 

MYRIAPODA. 
Urich 5, v. Daday 12, v. Lendenfeld 5. 

ARACHNIDA. 

Piersig 13, Hess 13, Schimkewitsch 13, Brauer 35, Gray 38, Banks in 
Hubbard 44 (Chelanops affinis* Fla.), Marx in Hubbard 44 (Ornithodorus 
americanus* Amblyomma tuberculatum* Fla.). 

THYSANURA. 

Sharp 8, McLachlan 8. 

ORTHOPTERA. 
Visart 23, Scudder in Hubbard 44 (Ceuthophilus latibuli* Fla.), Morse 

45*. 

NEUROPTERA. 
Eaton 8, Berlese 16, Knower 32, Wasmann 19. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Distant 6, Cockerel! 6*, 37, Douglas 8, Edwards S, Maskell 9, Berlese 
6, Klein 28, Van Duzee 37, Rileyand Howard 44 (two), Coquillett 44. 

4 

COLEOPTERA. 

Casey i (Staphylinidse*, Pselaphidae*, Scaphidiidae*, Histeridae*, Par- 
nidse*, Alaus*, Pactopus*, Cerambycidse*), Meinert 4, Verhoeff 13, 49, 
Lewis 14, Matthews 14*, Hamilton 18, Kerremans 20, Garman 26 (Calo- 
dera cavicola* Ky.), Wickham 26, Cuenot 25, Leng and Beutenmiiller 43, 
Hubbard 44*, Murtfeldt 44, Nonfried 49*. 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 193 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Beutenmiiller 3*, Elwes and Edwards 6 (two) (Oenis ( Chionobas] beanii*, 
Alberta), Merrifield 6, Dixey 6, Chapman 6 (two), Salvin 6 (Jlaronia 
brevicornis*, Mex.), Poulton 6, Wood 8, Eaton S, Barrett S, Kane 9, 
Druee 14*, Rake 15, Smith 9, 18*, 36, Tutt 22, Holland 26, 43, Dyar 26, 
Garman 29, Moore 34, Webster 37, Moffat 37, Elwes 37, Grote 37, Whitten 
41, Ehrmann 43 (C, denussa* Pa.), Neumoegen and Dyar 43, Murtfeldt 
44 (two). 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Sharp 6, Cope 7, Kirby 5, Bordas 13, 25, Regnault 24, Janet 25, Ash- 
mead 26, Howard 31, Patten 37 (two), Fox 42*, Marlatt 44, Dalla Torre 
47, Andre 48, Forel 6*. 

DIPTERA. 

Miall 6, Meade 8, Ficalbi 16, Anon. 17, Coquillett 18*, Weed 21, Scud- 
der 27*, C. 33, Fyles 37, d'Herculais 25. 



Ttie Errtornological Section 

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS. 



APRIL 26, 1894. 

A regular stated meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy 
of Natural Sciences was held in the Hall, S. W. cor. Nineteenth and Race 
Streets, this evening, Dr. G. H. Horn, Director, presiding. Members 
present: E. T. Cresson, G. B. Cresson, Seiss, Ridings, Johnson, Calvert, 
Liebeck, Welles and Skinner. Associates: Fox, Boerner. Mr. Reineck 
visitor. Eight specimens of Aegialites fuchsii were presented by Mr. 
Charles Fuchs, of San Francisco, Cal. Dr. Horn presented six specimens 
of Platypsylla castoris. Mr. Calvert read a letter from Baron Edmond 
de Selys-Longchamps, thanking the American Entomological Society for 
electing him a correspondent. Mr. Calvert stated that in his Catalogue 
of the Dragonflies of Philadelphia the first appearance of Anax jnniiis 
was given as May ist. He had observed a specimen this year at West- 
ville, N. J., on April 2ist. Four years ago he had described a species 
from Florida under the name Lepthemis gravida, which was one of Dr. 
Hagen's manuscript names. According to the latest generic develop- 
ments he found that gravida did not belong to Lept/ieinis, but to the 
genus Cannae ria described by Kirby. This genus contains two other 
species, furcata and batesii. These species can all be separated by good 
anatomical characters. The speaker also stated that he had examined 
two hundred specimens of a species of Orl/ieinis, and in only one wing 
of one specimen did lie find variation in the neuration which would be 
indicative of generic character. Dr. Horn stated that in 1868 

6** 



IQ4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

was found in the museum at Amsterdam, and in 1874 he had also investi- 
gated it. Up to the present time nothing has been done toward distin- 
guishing the sexes. The speaker pointed out the sexual peculiarities 
(see ENT. NEWS v, 141). Remarks were also made about Cassida nebu- 
losa Linn, (see ENT. NEWS v, 146). Mr. William Reineck was duly elected 
an Associate of the Section. HENRY SKINNER, Recorder. 



The following papers were read and accepted by the Committee for 
publication in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS : 



CORRECTIONS IN PSELAPHID/E. 

By E. BRENDEL, M. D. 

The occasion for this communication is a lot of Mexican and 
South American Pselaphidse donated to me by my kind friend 
and distinguished entomologist. Achille Raffray. An accompa- 
nying letter, dated Tientsin, China, March 16, 1894, contains 
some interesting remarks, which I shall quote in his own lan- 
guage, as follows: 

1. Un Euplectus de Californie, qui je ne puis determiner. Le con- 
naissez vous ? 

For a description of this n. sp. see below. 

2. Une Bryaxis hcsmatica var. perforate, Aube, de 1' Europe meridio- 
nale. Je possede le meme insecte, exactement le meme, sous le nomme 
de B. obscura Dejean, c'est une type authentique, de la collection Reiche 
il vient de I'Amerique boreale, sans localite precis. 

I suppose there must have occurred a misplacement of a label 
with the obscura Dej. The specimens before me are true hatmatica; 
one from Gall, merid. the var. perforata (figs. 1-2); the other var. 
bidentata (fig. 3) from Germany; var. bidentata resembles some- 
what B. illinoiensis. 

3. Cylindractus. J'ai etudie a nouveaux ce genre. II est decidement 
identique aux Ty chits et 1'espece est voisine de votre ludoviciamis ; mais 
c' est une espece distincte. 

4. Psclaptrichus est une sousgenre de Bythinus auquel il est attachee 
par des especes du Japon. 

5. Je crois, que Bryaxis albionica est tres different de " prop'uiqna" Lee. 
Mes exemplaires viennent aussi de Californie. J' envoie vous le type de 
Motschulsky. 

Here I call to my recollection, that LeConte's propinqua was 
as " thorace impunctata, polita" and (the being unknown) 



i8 9 4-] 



ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 



195 



comprising all species of that description; but after the recogni- 
tion of the male one of them was the true propinqua and rny B. 
polita was a nondescript (teste Ulke). The description of pro - 
pinqua in " Short Studies, iSSr" is very similar to that of albi- 
onica, and considering the varieties of the antennae and color, 
and the geographical distribution of propinqua, Ulke, as well as 
I, supposed the two species identical. 

Bryaxis albionica Motsch. <$. Piceous black. Antennae, palpi and legs 
dark reddish brown. Elytra bright red, base and suture dark brown, 
impunctate or very unevenly punctate. Length 1.40 mm. 

Head .punctured at the sides, with the foveae small, mutually four times 
farther distant than either from the eye, vertex little shorter than quad- 




rate, front suddenly declive, the frontal fovea wanting or hidden by pu- 
bescence on the declive part, which bears two small teeth ; ternpora 
rounded, as long as the eye. Antenna as in figure 4, where the right 
antenna is turned. Prothorax convex, though the foveae almost fully seen 
from above. Abdomen: first dorsal three times wider than long, carinae 
very short, far apart. Posterior tibite curved, flattened, not dilated, in- 
termediate tibiae with a strong spur at the end. 

The specimen before me is one of Motschulsky's types, the 9 , 
from Los Angeles, has the front not declive and the fovea nor- 
mal. Identical -wifafundata Casey. 



196 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 

EuplectllS raffrayi n. sp. (fig. 5) c?. - Brown, impunctate, pubescence 
coarse, sparse, form resembling E. linearis. Length 2.0 mm. 

Head with the occiput convex, finely carinate, tempora arcuate, con- 
vergent, longer than the eye; frontal margin depressed, fovea three times 
farther apart than from the eye, grooves straight, convergent. Antennae 
unusually long, longer than the head and prothorax, loosely jointed. Pro- 
thorax wider than the head, as wide as long, lateral edge minutely serru- 
late; disc with a medial, fusiform groove extended to the angulated trans- 
verse groove connecting the lateral foveae; the base with five ample, semi- 
circular impressions. Elytra as long as wide, shoulder width almost as 
wide as the prothorax; disc with a few traces of coarse impressions, the 
base tripunctate and trilineate, the sutural line slightly arcuate beyond the 
middle; second line one-quarter length, the third one-eighth. Abdominal 
dorsals subequal, but rather slightly increasing in length, without any 
basal impressions or carinae; ventrals 2, 3, 4, with a shallow medial im- 
pression, 3d in the apical third with a transverse carina across the impres- 
sion; 5th, the posterior margin, depressed; 6th, the base depressed; the 
yth, or, according to Casey's etymological experiment, analoge to " ver- 
texal" the podexal segment is lozenge-shaped, not carinate and almost 
surrounded by the 6th. 

California. This is the largest species known. 

Among the Mexican species there are four Eupsenius which 
may possibly occur inside of our limits. They are: 

E. politus Reitter, St. Thomas, 12 mm. long, unicolorous yellowish red, 
occiput sulcate, front arcuately porrected, bearing two punctures (fig. 6). 

E. mexicanus Raffray, 1.3 mm. long, dark red, elytra brighter, front per- 
pendicularly declive, above with a shallow transverse impression (fig. 7). 

E. nitidus Raffray, Mexico, 1.4 mm. long, front obliquely declive, before 
the antennal line with a wide shallow impression and faint foveal sulcus 
(fig. 8). 

E. (jibbicollis Raffray, Mexico, 1.55 mm. Dark red, elytra brighter, 
vertex quadrate, trapezeous, front declive, depressed between the antennas. 
Pronotum swollen along the median line (fig. 9). 

Ctenisis aequiiioctialis, Amazon. Fig. 10, antenna. 

iCtenisis dispar, Mexico. Fig. u, antenna. 

o 

THE AMERICAN GENERA OF SAPROMYZIN/E. 

By S. W. WILLISTON. 

In the examination recently of a considerable material in this 
family, I have discovered all of the known American genera, all 
of which, save perhaps Griphoneura, occur in North America. 
As I shall not have the opportunity for some time of preparing 
the results of my studies for publication, I herewith offer the fol- 



1894-] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 197 

lowing synopsis of the genera, in the hopes that it may be of 
service to others. 

Sapromyzinae. Small species, seldom more than seven millimeters in 
length. Head as broad or a little broader than the thorax; front with one 
or two bristles on each side in front of those at the vertex. Antennae 
usually short and porrect; sometimes the third joint elongated. Face 
without vibrissae. Abdomen short-ovate. Legs never elongate; auxiliary 
vein of the \vings present; cross-veins never approximated; basal cells 
small, but complete. 

i. All the tibiae with a preapical bristle ; ovipositor flattened, horny; 
bristles of the front never reaching below the middle .... 2. 
All the tibiae, or at least the front and middle pairs, with a preapical 
bristle; bristles of the front descending below the middle; ovi- 
positor not horny 3. 

2. Metallic black species, front narrow Louchaea. 

Yellow, or yellowish species; front broad Palloptera. 

3. Arista thickened and with short, dense plumosity . . Pachycerina. 

Arista slender, base, pubescent or plumose 4. 

4. Face very broad, in profile strongly convex below . . Physogenua. 

Face receding, flattened, or gently arched 5. 

5. First posterior cell much narrowed in the margin . . Griphonenra. 
First posterior cell not or but slightly narrowed in the margin . . 6. 
6. Shining black species; third joint of antennae more or less elongate. 

Lauxania. 

More or less yellow species, at least the thorax not shining black; 
third joint of the antennae not more than three times as long as 
wide Sapromyza. 

Sapromyza longipennis, S. lupulina, S. vulgaris and ^. coin- 
pedita, occur on the Pacific coast, at least all but the first, which 
I have seen from Kansas. .SI vulgaris I have also taken from 
the West Indies. It is identical with 6". ocellaris Towns. , and, 
notwithstanding the abdominal bands, is doubtfully distinct from 
.5". cincta from Texas and Porto Rico (Roeder). 5". macula Loew 
seems to be the same as ,5". odopuncta from the West Indies and 
South America. ,S\ plagosa Giglio-Tos. from Mexico, is the 
same as 6". geminata Wied., which I have from Brazil. Pallop- 
tera J2icunda Loew, from Sitkha, occurs also in Washington and 
California. Sapromyza urina Giglio-Tos, from Mexico, seems 
identical with Physogenua ferruginea Schiner, which I have from 
Brazil. In any event, it is a Physogenua and not a Sapromyza. 
Pachycerina verticalis Loew apparently