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JANUARY,  1918. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.  XXIX.  No.  1. 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 
J808-1869, 


PHILIP    P.  CALVERT,  Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.D.,  Sc.D., 'Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 

RZKft.   T.    CRESSON.  J.    A.  G.    REHN. 

PHILIP   LAURENT,  ERICH    DAHCKH.  M.    W.    WHNZEL. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 
LOGAN  SQUARE. 


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ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  XXIX. 


Plate  I. 


WILLIAM     D.     KEARFOTT. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE    ACADEMY    OK    NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL,   XXIX. 


JANUARY,   1918. 


No.    i. 


CONTENTS: 


Obituary  of  William  D.  Kearfott i 

Stearns — Description  of  a  new  Species 
of  the  Family  Cercopidae  from  Wis- 
consin (  Hem.,  Horn.) 3 

Hebard — A  Generic  Assignment  of 
Three  North  American  Species  of 
Dermaptera  5 

Blaisdell — Studies  in  the  Tenebrionidae 
(Coleop. ) 7 

Howard — Moonstones  in  a  Cecropia 
Cocoon  (  Lepid . ) 15 

Smith — A  Key  to  the  Known  Species  of 
South  Carolina  Ants,  with  Notes 
(H5m.) 17 

Weiss— Isaac  P.  Trimble,  M.  D.,  Early 


Economic  Entomologist  of  New  Jer- 
sey    29 

Malloch — Occurrence    of    a     European 
Anthoim  iid  in  Illinois  (Diptera)  ...  32 

Editorial — The  Present  Crisis 33 

New  Color  for  Clothing  Suggested  by 

Butterfly  (Lep.) . .'.' 34 

Entomological  Literature 34 

Doings   of   Societies— Amer.    Ent.   Soc. 

(Lep.) 36 

Eritorn   Section  of  the  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 

of  Phila.  (Odoti  .  Orlliop  ,  Lep.) 37 

Entomological  Society  of  Nova  Scotia. 

A  Correction 38 

Feldman    Collecting    Social   (Lepid., 
Coleop.,  Orthop.,  Dipt.) 39 


William  D.  Kearfott. 

(Portrait,   Plate   I.) 

William  1).  Kearfott  died  suddenly  on  Monday  night,  No- 
vember the  1 2th,  1917,  following  an  attack  of  apoplexy. 
During  the  ten  years  from  1902  to  1911  he  was  an  active 
student  of  the  Microlepidoptera,  particularly  the  family  Tor- 
tricidae.  Previous  to  that  time  he  had  been  interested  in 
Lepidoptera  generally. 

An  indefatigable  and  keen-eyed  collector  and  a  master  nf 
technic  in  the  preparation  of  the  small  moths  he  studic  1.  he 
amassed  a  very  large  collection  and  also  received  many  speci- 
mens for  determination  from  the  United  States  and  Canada. 
He  also  reared  and  studied  the  life  histories  of  many  of  the-e 
insects.  In  addition  he  was  a  prolific  writer  of  systematic 
articles  and  described  many  new  specie-.,  one  paper  contain- 
ing 164.  species  and  varieties  new  to  science.  I  ie  was  very 
clever  with  the  brush,  and  pen  and  copied  many  figures  from 
books  and  made  paintings  of  typ<  -  in  museums  for  UM-  in  hi> 
studies.  Ilis  work  \\as  careful  and  accurate  and  ranked  high. 
Exception,  however,  was  taken  to  some  of  the  name-  he  pro 


2  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'l8 

posed  for  new  Tortricids  and  substitutes  were  suggested. 
Under  the  title  "Microlepidoptera  Suggestions"  he  published 
a  series  of  valuable  directions  for  pinning,  setting,  collecting 
and  breeding. 

He  was  a  jolly  companion  in  the  field  and  always  extended 
a  warm  welcome  to  fellow  students  visiting  his  home  and  in- 
specting his  collection. 

Several  years  ago  his  eyes  failed  him  for  work  on  these 
minute  insects ;  he  gave  up  their  study ;  his  Tortricidae  be- 
came the  property  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  His- 
tory in  New  York,  and  Dr.  William  Barnes,  of  Decatur,  Illi- 
nois, obtained  his  Pyralidae. 

Mr.  Kearfott  was  born  in  Berkeley  County,  West  Virginia, 
on  January  12,  1864,  and  was  the  son  of  Robert  and  Anna 
Dunham  Kearfott.  He  was  educated  in  preparatory  schools 
in  Richmond  and  Philadelphia.  In  his  earlier  years  he  was 
connected  with  the  Morton  Poole  Company,  of  Wilmington, 
Delaware,  and  the  International  Navigation  Company,  of 
Philadelphia.  He  was  associated  also  with  the  Worthington 
Steam  Pump  Company  and  later  with  the  Warren  Steam 
Pump  Company.  Two  years  ago  he  formed  the  Kearfott 
Engineering  Company.  He  was  considered  an  authority  on 
his  branch  of  engineering. 

His  home  was  at  220  Orange  Road,  Montclair,  New  Jersey. 
He  took  an  interest  in  local  affairs,  being  a  member  of  the 
Montclair  Club  and  the  Montclair  Golf  Club. 

Mr.  Kearfott  is  survived  by  his  wife,  Mary  J.  Kearfott ;  a 
daughter,  Marie,  and  a  son,  Thornton  Kearfott.— HENRY 
SKINNER. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  WILLIAM  D.  KEARFOTT. 
In  Entomological  News: 

Notes  on  an   Eriocranid  Larva.     1002,  XIII,   129. 
Microlepidoptera  Susrgestions.    1904,  XV,  89,  127,  165,  207. 
The   Mirnilepidoptera  in  Dr.  Holland's  Moth  Book.    1904,  XV,   105. 
Notes  on  the  Life  History  of  Polychrysia  formosa  Grt,   1904,   XV, 

301. 

British  Lepidoptcra  by  J.  W.  Tutt.    1904,  XV,  312. 
Desmia    funcralis.     1905,   XVI,  238. 
Synonymy  of   Certain   Tortricidae.    1909,   XX,   52. 


V 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS 

OK   THE 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF    THE 

ACADEMY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


VOLUME    XXIX,   1918. 


PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 


HENRY   SKINNER,  M.  D.,  Sc.  D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

EZRA    T.    CRESSON  t.    A.    G.    REI1N. 

ERICH    DAECKE. 
PHILIP    LAURENT  H.    \V.    SVKNZEL. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1918. 


The  several  numbers  of  the  NKWS  for  1918  were  mailed  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Post  Office  as  follows  : 

No.  1— January January  ]2,  1918 

"  2— February February  2, 

"  3— March March  2 

"  4— April April  1 

"  5— May April  30 

"  6— June May  31 

"  7— July July  5 

"  8— October October  4 

"  9 — November November  2 

The  date  of  mailing  the  December,  1918,  number  will  be  announced 
in  the  issue  for  January,  1919. 


PRESS    OF 

P.   C.   STOCKHAUSEN 
PHILADELPHIA 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  3 

Three    New    Brazilian    Microlepidoptera.     1911,    XXII,    125. 
In  tJic   Transactions  of  the  American  Entomological  Society: 

North  American  Tortricidae.    Polychrosis  Rag.    1904,  XXX,  287. 

New    North    American    Tortricidae.     1907,    XXXIII,    i.     (164    new 

species  and  vars.) 
In   the  Canadian  Entomologist  : 

New    Tortricids    from    Kaslo,    B.    C.,    and    the    Northwest.      1904, 

XXXVI,  109,  137- 

Coleophora  tillaefoliella   Clem.    1904,   XXXVI,   324. 

New  Tortricids.    1905,  XXXVII,  9. 

A  new  Gelechid  from  Ontario.    1905,  XXX VII,   15. 

Assiniboia   Microlepidoptera,   Collected  by  Mr.  T.   N.  Willing.    1905, 

XXXVII,  41,  89,  119. 

Hemerophila   kincaidiella    Busck.     1905.    XXXVII,    188. 

Manitoba   Microlepidoptera.    1905,   XXXVII,  205,  253,   293. 

New  Microlepidoptera.    1907,  XXXIX,   i,  53,  77,   121,  153,  211. 

The  Genera  of  the  Tortricidae  and  Their  Types  by  C.   H.  Fernald. 

1908,  XL,  334- 

A  New  Species  of  Japanese  Microlepidoptera.     1910,  XLII,  42. 
/;;    the   Journal   of   the    \'ew    York    Entomological    Society. 

Revision  of   the   Xorth  American    Species  of  the   Genus   Choreutes. 

1902,  X,  1 06. 

Descriptions  of  New  Tineoidea.     1903,  XI,  145. 
New  North  American  Tortricidae  and   Tineina.    1908,   XVI,   167. 


Description  of  a   new  Species  of  the  Family  Cerco- 
pidae  from  Wisconsin  (Hem.,  Horn.).* 

By  Lours  A.  STEARNS,  Alma  College,  Alma,  Michigan. 
Philaenus  parallelus  n.  sp. 

This  species  is  distinguished  readily  from  the  two  previ- 
ously described  Nearctic  members  of  the  genus;  from  sf>u- 
marius  (Linn.)  bv  its  elongate  form,  parallel-margined  elytra 
and  constant  color,  and  from  lincatns  (  Linn.)  by  its  larger 
size  and  distinctive  coloration,  namely,  a  body  color  of  uni- 
form pale  yellow,  with  a  conspicuous  -tripe  varving  from 
dark  brown  to  black  extending  from  the  anterior  margin  of 
the  tylu-;.  medially  across  the  vertex  and  pronotum,  and  along 
the  suture  of  the  elytra  to  the  apex. 

*  Extract  from  monograph  of  family  entitled  "Tin-  Xrarrtk-  Ci-r- 
copidae"  submitted  to  fulfill  thesis  requirement  for  M.  Sc.  demvr  ;it 
Ohio  State  I'niversity.  June,  1917. 


4  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'l8 

Length  8-10  mm.;  width  2.5-3  mm-  Vertex,  length  slightly  greater 
than  two-thirds  width,  disc  slightly  convex,  sloping  in  line  with  pro- 
notum,  medially  weakly  carinate,  laterally  depressed,  margins  between 
eyes  and  tylus  deeply  sulcate  and  somewhat  reflexed;  tylus  deeply  in- 
serted, disc  distinctly  elevated  with  depressions  lateral  to  weak  median 
carina,  anterior  margin  rounding-angulate  and  produced;  ocelli  placed 
close  to  posterior  margin  of  vertex,  equidistant  from  each  other  and 
from  posterior  margin  of  tylus;  front  broadly  rounded,  acutely  angled 
with  vertex,  inflation  a  slight  curve,  disc  narrowly  flattened  in  median 
line. 

Pronotum,  disc  weakly  convex,  medially  weakly  carinate,  anterior 
margin  broadly  rounded,  lateral  margins  short,  equalling  distance  be- 
tween ocelli,  parallel,  posterior  margin  deeply  emarginate;  elytra  cori- 
aceous, twice  longer  than  wide,  parallel  margined,  closely  and  finely 
punctate,  the  punctures  setigerous. 

Genitalia :  Female,  last  ventral  segment  one  half  length  of  preceding, 
convex;  pygofers  broad,  length  equalling  combined  basal  width,  outer 
margins  incurved  throughout  basal  third  and  indented  at  middle,  ex- 
ceeded by  stout  ovipositor  one-half  their  length.  Male,  last  ventral 
segment  twice  length  of  preceding,  convex;  plates  curved  dorsally  at 
nearly  right  angles  to  abdomen,  long,  broad  at  base,  laterally  extended 
here  to  one-half  width  of  last  segment,  obtusely  notched  to  one-half 
basal  width  at  end  of  basal  third,  thence  tapering  to  tip  as  cylindrical 
processes,  black,  sparsely  clothed  with  white  hairs. 

Color:  Pale  yellow:  stripe  from  anterior  margin  of  tylus,  medially 
across  vertex  and  pronotum,  and  along  suture  of  elytra  to  apex,  stripe 
extending  from  eye  across  lateral  margins  of  pronotum,  following 
and  fading  out  posteriorly  along  outer  sector  of  elytron,  and  sulcate 
anterior  margin  of  vertex  above  and  below,  dark  brown  to  black; 
front  with  disc  laterally  coarsely  ribbed  with  light  chestnut-brown. 

Described  from  seven  specimens  collected  in  Wisconsin  and 
received  through  the  kindness  of  Mr.  D.  M.  DeLong.  Three 
male  specimens  collected  at  "Medina,  Wise.,  8-23-16"  were 
swept  from  sedges  at  the  edge  of  a  tamarack  swamp ;  one  male 
and  three  female  specimens  collected  at  "St.  Croix  Falls. 
Wise.,  8-15-16,"  on  the  St.  Croix  River,  were  swept  from  sim- 
ilar sedges  in  a  swampy  hollow  in  the  State  Forest  Park  Re- 
serve. Neither  of  these  localities  had  ever  undergone  culti- 
vation apparently.  Type,  $ ,  St.  Croix  Falls,  in  author's  col- 
lection ;  paratypes  in  collections  of  Prof.  Herbert  Osborn  and 
Mr.  D.  M.  DeLong,  Ohio  State  University,  Department  of 
Entomology,  Columbus,  Ohio. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  5 

A   Generic   Assignment  of  Three   North   American 
Species  of  Dermaptera.1 

By  MORGAN  HEBARD,  Philadelphia. 

LABIIDAE. 

LABIINAE. 
Barygerax  auricoma  (Rehn). 

1903.  Labia  attricoma  Rehn2,  Ent.  News,  XIV,  p.  2g2.  [  ?  ;  Piedras 
Negras,  Costa  Rica,  (Schild  and  Burgdorf).] 

This  insect  differs  strikingly  from  the  genotype,  B.  csau 
Hebard,  in  the  decidedly  smaller  eye  and  similar  but  less  strik- 
ingly flattened-moniliform  antennal  joints.  The  forceps  are 
much  heavier  and  shorter  in  auricoma,  but  as  csau  is  known 
only  from  a  male  and  the  present  species  from  a  female,  we 
are  unable  to  determine  the  degree  of  difference  in  this  feature 
for  the  same  sex  in  each  species. 

The  following  features  are  noted  for  the  type.  Head  blackish 
brown;  eyes  small,  one-third  as  long  as  cheek.  Antennae  with  first 
joint  three  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  basal  width;  second  minute, 
not  as  long  as  broad;  third  slender,  about  twice  as  long  as  broad; 
fourth  and  fifth  joints  heavier,  appreciably  longer  than  broad;  suc- 
ceeding joints  flattened  bead-like,  submoniliform,  the  longest  twice 
as  long  as  broad.  Pronotum  yellowish,  about  as  long  as  broad,  caudal 
margin  evenly  convex.  Tegmina  broad,  convex,  ample,  leaving  only 
the  extreme  tips  of  the  wings  projecting,  much  as  in  csau;  tegmina 
and  wings  bluish  black.  Abdomen  and  limbs  yellowish,  discolored. 
Forceps  reddish  yellow,  very  short  and  heavy:  length  twice  basal 
width;  showing  a  short  median  flange  dorso-proximad  as  in  csau. 

Barygerax  breviforceps  (Caudell). 

1907.  Labia  breviforceps  Caudell,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  XXXIII, 
p.  174.  [$;  mouth  of  Rio  Dulce,  two  miles  from  Livingston,  Guate- 
mala, May  5,  1906,  (H.  S.  Barber).] 

This  species  differs  widely  from  both  B.  csau  and  B.  anri- 
coiitu  in  its  Imffy  general  coloration,  tegmina  similarly  elon- 
gate but  narrower,  with  costal  and  sutural  margins  parallel 

1  It  was  intended  to  include  the  study  of  these  forms  in  a  recent 
paper  by  the  author,  "Dermapterological  Notes,"  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci. 
Phila.,  1917,  pp.  231-250,  but  as  the  loan  of  types  from  the  National 
Museum  was  not  granted,  the  examinations  were  not  made  until  a 
visit  to  that  institution  was  possible,  where  the  material  discussed  here 
was  examined. 

-  Assi-ned  with  a  query  to  Prohibia  by  Burr  in  the  Genera  Insec- 
toruni. 


6  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'iS 

and  more  projecting  wings.  The  size  of  the  eye  and  length 
of  forceps  agree  closely  with  csau,  but  the  very  different  type 
of  tegmina  and  wings  may  compel  generic  separation  of  the 
present  species  when  more  material  of  this  group  has  been 
secured.  Whereas  csau  and  auriconia  have  a  similar  general 
appearance,  the  present  insect  has  a  decidedly  different  facies, 
due  largely  to  the  coloration  and  form  of  tegmina  and  wings. 
The  following  features  are  noted  for  the  type.  Entire  insect  buffy; 
head,  median  portion  of  pronotum,  exposed  surface  of  wings  and 
abdomen  suffused  with  brown.  Forceps  tinged  with  reddish  brown. 
Eyes  of  moderate  .  size,  as  long  as  cheek.  Pronotum  appreciably 
longer  than  broad,  lateral  margins  very  feebly  diverging  caudad, 
straight,  with  a  few  microscopic  bristles  and  a  larger  bristle  at  the 
latero-cephalic  angle.  Tegmina  elongate,  sutural  and  costal  margins 
parallel,  distal  margin  feebly  convex  and  feebly  produced  toward 
costal  margin,  truncate.  Wings  extending  moderately  beyond  tegmina 
a  distance  nearly  equal  tegminal  width.  Forceps  short,  heavy,  about 
two  and  three-quarters  times  proximal  width,  general  form  much  as 
in  auricoma.  Head,  pronotum  and  tegmina  moderately  well  supplied 
with  minute  microscopic  hairs,  exposed  surface  of  wings  and  abdomen 
heavily  supplied  with  these,  forceps  moderately  supplied  with  the  same. 

SPARATTINAE. 

Sparatta  diplatyoides  (Caudell). 

1907.  Cylindrog aster  diplatyoides"  Caudell,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
XXXIII,  p.  170.  '[9  ;  Cacao,  Trece  Aguas,  Alta  Vera  Paz,  Guatemala, 
April  u,  1906,  (H.  S.  Barber).] 

It  is  our  opinion  that  the  species  is  valid.  The  type  female 
has  the  forceps  and  pygidium  identical  with  those  of  S.  biollcyi 
Borelli,4  except  that  the  forceps  are  proportionately  shorter 
a.nd  these  organs  in  diplatyoides  are  proportionate  to  its  much 
smaller  size  ;  length  of  body,  exclusive  of  forceps,  7.5  ;  of  for- 
ceps, 2  mm. 

The  original  description  is  good.  The  pygidium  was  not 
described ;  it  is  quadrate,  with  lateral  margins  very  feebly  con- 
cave to  the  very  finely  pointed  latero-caudal  angles,  between 
which  the  caudal  margin  is  transverse,  showing  a  weak  con- 
vexity mesad. 

R  This  species  has  been  synonymized  with  a  query  by  Burr  in  the 
Genera  Inscctonim.  under  Sparatta  pckimctra  Serville,  described  from 
Brazil. 

1  Material  of  both  sexes  of  that  species  from  Costa  Rica  is  at 
hand. 


Vol.  XXIX  I  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  7 

Studies  in  the  Tenebrionidae  (Coleop.). 

By  FRANK  E.  BLAISDELL,  SR.,  San  Francisco,  California. 

The  following  new  species  are  based  on  facts  observed  in 
the  field,  by  Messrs.  Ralph  Hopping  and  F.  W.  Nunenmacher 
respectively. 

Coniontis  hoppingi  n.  sp. 

Oblong,  smooth  and  shining;  black,  frequently  nigro-piceous;  tibiae 
and  tarsi  rufo-piceous,  antennae  and  palpi  rufous,  pubescence  minute 
and  inconspicuous. 

Head  equal  to  one-half  the  width  of  the  prothorax,  convex  be- 
tween the  eyes,  vertex  rather  prominent,  finely  and  sparsely  punc- 
tate, the  punctures  frequently  denser  laterally  and  on  the  epistoma; 
fronto-clypeal  suture  is  more  or  less  evident,  and  the  posterior  can- 
thus  of  the  eye  is  slightly  more  prominent  than  the  anterior.  Antennae 
extending  to  a  point  slightly  behind  the  middle  of  the  pronotum. 
Epistoma  triangularly  emarginate  with  the  angles  rather  narrowly 
rounded.  Setae  absent.  Antennae  rather  slender,  the  third  joint  dis- 
tinctly twice  as  long  as  the  second,  the  fourth  to  the  seventh  inclus- 
ive, subequal  in  length  and  obconical,  eighth  to  the  tenth  subtriangular, 
eleventh  suboval  and  smaller. 

Pronotum  about  one-sixth  wider  than  long,  base  one-third  wider 
than  the  apex;  disk  evenly  convex,  finely  and  sparsely  punctulate,  the 
punctules  becoming  slightly  larger  and  denser  laterally;  apex  emar- 
ginate in  circular  arc,  rather  finely  beaded,  more  strongly  so  later- 
ally; sides  subparallel  in  basal  half,  thence  evenly  arcuate  to  the  apex, 
or  more  distinctly  arcuate  to  the  base,  bead  rather  strong;  base  as 
wide  as  the  elytra,  emarginate,  moderately  lobed  at  the  middle  third 
and  sinuate  laterally;  basal  angles  slightly  less  than  right;  apical  angles 
narrowly  rounded. 

Elytra  rather  more  than  one-half  to  almost  one-third  longer  than 
wide;  sides  snbparallel,  distinctly  and  rather  broadly  arcuate  in  api- 
cal third,  slightly  so  in  basal  two-thirds;  apices  swollen  and  reflexed, 
sub-tuberculate  and  slightly  divergent;  disk  convex,  moderately  so  on 
the  dorsum,  strongly  and  evenly  rounded  laterally,  with  a  tendency 
to  a  slight  inflexion,  arcuately  declivous  posteriorly,  sides  of  the  de- 
clivity more  or  less  slightly  inflated,  very  finely  and  at  times  sub- 
obsoletely  punctulate,  setae  only  visible  under  high  power.  At  times 
llu're  is  evidence  of  eroded  grooves,  occasionally  there  are  evanes- 
cent corrugations. 

Proplcurae  longitudinally  rugose  and  smooth.  Prosternal  process 
strongly  margined  and  feebly  convex. 

Length   14.0-15.5   mm.;   width   6.5-7.5  mm. 


8  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,'lS 

A  series  of  thirteen  specimens  collected  at  Colony  Mills. 
Tulare  County,  California,  elevation  5415  ft.,  by  Mr.  Ralph 
Hopping.  Type  in  the  writer's  collection. 

A  very  distinct  species.  The  tumid  or  tuberculate,  everted 
and  reflexed  elytral  apices,  are  unique  characters  by  which  the 
species  can  be  quickly  recognized.  Under  high  power  the  sur- 
face of  the  insect  appears  very  finely  pitted  or  pseudo-punctu- 
late  between  the  true  punctures ;  the  elytral  surface  is  mi- 
croscopically and  densely  granulate. 

According  to  Casey's  table,  the  species  belongs  to  the  riatica 
group. 

The  occurrence  of  eroded  grooves  and  costae  on  the  elytra 
is  atavistic.  The  crumpling  occasionally  observed  also,  may 
in  some  individuals  of  other  species  of  the  genus  Coniontis, 
amount  to  rugosities  as  evident  as  those  of  the  elytra  of 
Microschatia  inacqnalis  Lee. 

This  form  of  sculpturing  in  Coniontis  is  purely  anomalous, 
and  can  be  experimentally  produced  by  puncturing  the  elytral 
apodemes  immediately  after  the  casting  of  the  pupal  skin. 
The  wrinkling  is  due  to  shrinkage  on  account  of  the  loss  of 
tension,  which  allows  the  inherent  elasticity  of  the  integumen- 
tary tissues  to  act. 

The  rugulosities  in  their  feeblest  form  can  be  also  produced 
by  the  rapid  evaporation  of  the  body  fluids  immediately  after 
the  emergence  of  the  insect  from  the  pupa.  These  facts  ex- 
plain this  form  of  sculpturing  so  frequently  observed  in 
beetles,  and  which  is  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  a  fortuitous 
physiological  modification,  and  one  which  is  usually  considered 
of  specific  or  varietal  importance.  Its  constancy  in  certain 
species  depends  upon  the  stability  of  the  meteorological  con- 
ditions of  the  environment.  When  these  conditions  are  fitful, 
the  sculpturing  is  apt  to  be  asymmetrical.  Coelocnciuis  pre- 
sents this  condition  more  or  less  constantly,  both  in  its  symmet- 
rical and  asymmetrical  state  in  a  certain  per  cent,  of  individ- 
uals. 

The  crumpling  of  the  elytra  of  Microschatia  inaequalis 
is  inherent  and  fixed,  and  is  entirely  of  a  different  order  from 
that  observed  in  Coniontis. 


Vol.  XXl'xj  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  9 

In  hoppingi  it  is  to  be  noted  that  the  prosternal  process  is 
strongly  margined  in  all  of  the  specimens;  but  three  of  them 
exhibit  distinct  evidences  of  the  margin  becoming  obsolete  at 
the  apex.  In  part  of  the  specimens  the  sides  of  the  proster- 
nal process  are  parallel  and  no  dilatation  occurs  behind  the 
coxae;  in  others  the  apex  is  distinctly  dilated  with  the  sides 
arcuate. 

Three  specimens  are  perfectly  smooth,  the  others  of  the 
series  show  evidences  of  incipient  crumpling ;  in  four  there  is 
evidence  of  the  very  slight  costae  and  grooves.  Ten  of  the 
specimens  are  oblong  with  the  sides  parallel ;  three  show  evi- 
dence of  being  cuneate.  This  form  is  due  to  a  relative  widen- 
ing of  the  prothorax  and  a  tendency  of  the  elytra  to  narrow 
more  or  less  from  base  to  apex.  I  am  not  prepared  to  say 
whether  this  is  of  one  or  both  sexes. 

Two  of  the  specimens  are  more  strongly  punctulate,  and  one 
is  broader  behind  than  in  front.  In  the  types  the  elytral 
punctuation  is  finer  than  that  on  the  pronotum. 

The  variation  exhibited  by  this  small  series  is  characteristic 
of  nearly  all  the  species  of  Coniontis,  and  should  be  noted  by 
those  who  study  the  genus. 

Coniontis  globulina,  n.  var.  muscula. 

Oblong-oval,  slightly  elongate,  black,  dull  to  feebly  shining;  mouth 
parts  and  legs  rufous  to  rufo-piceous;  antennae  rufous,  more  or  less 
piceous  in  distal  one-half;  pubescence  mouse-colored  to  yellowish, 
abundant  and  more  or  less  conspicuous,  moderately  persistent,  not 
dense,  not  hiding  the  general  surface,  rather  less  than  moderate  in 
length  and  recumbent. 

Head  rather  small,  a  little  less  than  one-half  the  width  of  the 
pronotum,  finely  and  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  denser  on  the 
epistoma,  labrum  with  thirty  to  forty  sparsely  placed  punctures; 
front  nearly  flat,  vertex  distinctly  convex;  anterior  canthus  less  prom- 
inent than  the  posterior  and  rounded,  the  latter  scarcely  more  prom- 
inent than  the  posterior  margin  of  the  eye.  Mentum  transverse,  almost 
smooth  and  obsoletely  punctate;  apex  feebly  and  broadly  emarginate 
to  straight,  angles  not  prominent  and  rounded.  Antennae  moderately 
short  and  thick,  not  reaching  beyond  the  basal  fourth  of  the  prono- 
tum; outer  joints  broadened  and  compressed. 

Pronntinn  transverse,  length  equal  to  about  three-fifths  of  the 
width,  evenly  and  moderately  arcuate  from  side  to  side,  scarcely  con- 


10  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,' I- 

vex  antero-posteriorly;  apex  almost  arcuate  in  circular  arc,  middle 
third  of  the  arcuation  somewhat  straight;  base  subtruncate,  feebly 
sinuate  laterally;  disk  almost  evenly  punctate,  punctures  slightly  lar.^er 
than  those  of  the  elytra;  sides  feebly  arcuate  in  basal  one-half,  thence 
more  strongly  arcuate  to  apex,  bead  moderately  fine;  apex  finely 
beaded;  apical  angles  well  rounded;  basal  angles  subrectangular  and 
somewhat  more  than  narrowly  rounded. 
Proplcura  more  or  less  longitudinally  rugulose. 

Prostenium  finely  and  sparsely  punctate;  process  feebly  margined 
between  the  coxae;  apex  rounded,  not  margined;  varying  in  length 
and  moderately  constricted. 

Elytra  one-half  longer  than  wide,  evenly  convex  from  side  to  side, 
evenly  and  arcuately  declivous  in  apical  third;  apex  ogival;  sides  finely 
margined;  disk  somewhat  irregularly  and  rather  finely  punctate,  api- 
cal declivity  scarcely  rugose;  there  is  slight  evidence  of  longitudinal 
costae  or  smooth  lines. 
Epiplcura  smooth. 

Paraplcura,  meso-  and  metasterna  sparsely  punctate. 
Abdomen    finely    and    very    sparsely    punctate,    last    two    segments 
more   strongly   punctate. 

Mctafemora  very  sparsely  and  finely  punctate;  metatarsi  slightly 
shorter  than  the  metafemora. 

$ .     Form  narrower  than  the  females. 
Length  7.0-9.5  mm.;  width  3.5-47  mm- 

Type  locality — San  Joaquin  County  (San  Joaquin  Valley), 
Calif.  Collector,  F.  W.  Nunenmacher.  Type  in  the  writer's 
collection. 

Habitat — Under  leaves,  cowchips,  etc.,  and  running  over 
the  ground. 

Distribution — California  (San  Joaquin  Valley  southward  to 
the  Tehachapi  Pass). 

Remarks — Abundant.  Described  from  a  series  of  one  hun- 
dred and  thirty-five  specimens.  Several  males  are  distinctly 
cuneate,  others  are  less  so  and  pass  gradually  into  the  normal 
oblong-oval  form. 

Muscula  is  a  race  of  the  anomalous  globulina  Casey.  Several 
years  ago  the  writer  received  from  Prof.  H.  F.  Wickham  a 
small  series  of  the  latter  species,  who  collected  them  at  the 
Tehachapi  Pass.  The  series  contained  the  short  and  stout  form 
described  as  globulina  with  others  that  gradually  connected 
the  latter  with  those  of  a  normal  Coniontis-\'\kc  form.  It  is 


Vol.  xxi.\|  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  II 

perfectly  evident  to  the  writer  that  the  race  mnscnla  becomes 
broader  to  the  northward  and  narrower  to  the  southward. 
If  the  labels  were  removed  from  the  normal  form  taken  at 
Tehachapi  Pass  and  mixed  with  those  of  the  northern  form 
it  would  be  impossible  to  positively  separate  them  again.  The 
transition  is  complete  from  globulina  to  mnscnla.  The  sub- 
genus  Brachyontis  is  without  foundation  when  a  large  series 
is  studied  and  the  variations  noted.  Compare  the  descriptions 
of  globulina  and  muscula. 

Bibliography. — Casey,  Thos.  L.  A  Revision  of  the  Tenebrionid  Sub- 
family Coniontinae.  Proc.  Wash.  Acad.  Sciences,  Vol.  X,  p.  141. 

Coniontis  montana  Casey. 

According  to  Casey's  description  the  salient  characteristics 
of  this  species  are  its 

"oblong,  stout  and  parallel  form,  conspicuous  fulvous  pubescence  and 
dull  lustre. 

"Length  10.8-13.0  mm.;  width  4.9-6.2  mm." 

By  these  characters  it  can  be  diagnosed  from  all  of  the 
other  species  of  Coniontis.  The  value  of  other  characters  as 
aids  in  diagnosis  will  be  considered  below.  Mr.  F.  \Y.  Nunen- 
macher  has,  by  persistent  collecting  in  southern  Oregon, 
northern  and  northwestern  California,  amassed  a  series  of 
forty-five  specimens.  These,  with  the  results  of  the  writer's 
own  collecting,  give  a  total  of  eighty  specimens,  from  which 
the  following  observations  have  been  made. 

Distribution. — The  specimens  were  collected  in  the  follow- 
ing States  and  counties:  California  (Calaveras,  Alpine,  El- 
dorado, Placer,  Sierra,  Plumas,  Lassen,  Shasta  and  Siskiyou 
Counties)  ;  Oregon  (Josephine  County.)  A  smaller  series  of 
twelve  specimens  have  been  separated  as  C.  canonica  Casey. 
These  were  collected  in  Klamath  County,  Oregon ;  part  of 
these  are  intermediates  between  montana  and  canonica. 

As  considerable  use  has  been  made  of  the  characters  present- 
ed by  the  prosternal  process,  I  shall  give  the  results  of  an  ex- 
amination of  a  series  taken  in  the  order  in  which  they  happen 
to  be  placed  in  the  cabinet  box,  and  therefore  not  selected  to 
prove  any  preconceived  notion. 


12  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [  Jan.,  'l8 

As  the  examination  progressed  the  specimens  were  arrang- 
ed in  the  following  groups  with  definitions : 

1.  Prosternal   process   longer,   horizontal,    finely   and   sparsely   punc- 

tate, very  feebly  narrowed  between  the  coxae,  distinctly  mar- 
gined at  the  sides  and  obsoletely  so  at  the  tip,  the  latter 
evenly  rounded,  i  $  and  2  9  9 . 

2.  Process    just   the    least   convex    longitudinally,    sparsely    punctate, 

scarcely  narrowed  between  the  coxae,  distinctly  margined 
throughout;  surface  distinctly  and  transversely  convex  be- 
tween the  marginal  snlci,  tip  evenly  rounded,  i  9 . 

3.  Process     shorter,    deeply    margined    throughout,    sparsely,    finely 

and  distinctly  punctate,  longitudinally  impressed  at  middle  be- 
tween the  coxae;  surface  convex  behind  the  impression;  tip 
broadly  rounded,  narrowed  between  the  coxae  as  in  Group  I. 
i  9. 

4.  As   in    Group   2,   but   the   process   is   shorter,   strongly   and   more 

densely  punctulate.     I    9 . 

5.  Process    feebly    narrowed    between    the    coxae,    distinctly    convex 

longitudinally  and  noticeably  prominent  between  the  coxae, 
otherwise  as  in  Group  I.  I  $. 

6.  Process  not  impressed,  longitudinally  convex;  surface  convex  from 

side  to  side  between  the  marginal  sulci.  Otherwise  as  in 
Group  3.  i  9 . 

7.  Process  longitudinally  convex  between   the  coxae,  becoming  con- 

cave behind  the  coxae,  tip  gradually  deflexed  ventrad.  Other- 
wise as  in  Group  3.  I  $ . 

8.  Process    shorter   yet,   just   the    least   convex   both    ways,    strongly 

margined  at  the  sides,  no  evidence  of  a  bead  at  tip;  the  latter 
broadly  and  less  strongly  rounded.  3  $  $  . 

g.     Process  distinctly  narrowed  between  the  coxae.     Otherwise  as  in 
Group  2.     i    9 . 

10.  Process  longer,  margin  obsolete  at  tip.     Otherwise  as   in   Groups 

3   and   7.     i    9. 

11.  As  in   Group  3,   except  that  the  process  is   longitudinally  convex, 

flat  from  side  to  'side  between  the  marginal  sulci,  marginal 
bead  feeble  laterally  and  obsolete  at  tip.  39  9  • 

12.  Process    longitudinally   convex,   not   marginal   at   tip;    surface   flat 

transversely  between  the  marginal  sulci.  Otherwise  as  in 
Group  2.  i  9 . 

13.  As    in    Group    11.    except   that    the    process    is    strongly    margined 

throughout,  narrowed  between  the  coxae  and  with  the  tip 
more  strongly  dilated.  699. 

The  taxonomical  value  of  the  characters  presented  by  the 
prosternal  process  is  self-evident. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  13 

The  relative  prominence  of  the  canthi  cannot  be  relied  upon 
for  taxonomical  purposes.  The  majority  of  the  specimens 
have  the  anterior  canthi  slightly  less  prominent  than  the  pos- 
terior ;  in  a  few  specimens  the  anterior  are  most  prominent. 
Bilateral  asymmetry  is  occasionally  observed. 

The  smallest  specimen  has  the  following  dimensions : 
Length,  9.5  mm.;  width,  4.3  mm.  (  $  ).  The  largest  specimen 
measures:  Length.  14.0  mm.;  width,  6.5  mm.  (  $  ). 

It  is  probable  that  the  subpnbcsccns  group  includes  a  num- 
ber of  geographical  forms  that  may  be  described  as  species 
or  races  when  studied  in  large  series.  Each  species  and  race 
will  have  a  varying  number  of  intraspecific  variants,  which 
should  be  grouped  as  formac.  This  is  imperative  and  practi- 
cal. If  not,  the  continuous  founding  of  so-called  species  upon 
these  intraspecific  variants  will  in  time  clog  our  lists  with 
useless  synonyms.  There  is  a  crying  need  for  conservatism. 
In  the  majority  of  cases  the  characters  used  to  define  a  species 
have  no  more  value  than  the  variation  of  the  malar  promi- 
nences, nose,  ears,  etc.,  as  specific  or  varietal  taxonomical  char- 
acters in  human  beings. 

Montana  is  as  distinct  a  species  as  can  be  found  in  the  snb- 
pube.sccns  group.  Canonic  a  Casey  is  only  a  narrower  form  of 
inojitaiHt.  and  thus  far  observed  in  the  north,  namely: — in 
northern  California  and  southern  Oregon.  Montana  is  very 
closely  related  to  sitbpnbesccns,  and  when  followed  southward 
along  the  Coast  Range  of  mountains  graduallv  becomes  indis- 
tinguishable from  subpubcsccns,  as  observed  in  Marin  County, 
California. 

The  epistomal  sinus  is  usually  subtriangular,  but  occasion- 
ally it  becomes  broader,  less  deep  and  arcuately  emarginate. 
Two  specimens  from  Del  Norte  County  agree  in  every  wav 
with  those  from  Eldorado  County,  except  that  the  pubescence 
is  shorter  and  therefore  less  conspicuous. 

In  two  specimens  from  Dutch  Flat,  Placer  County,  the 
suture  between  the  episternum  and  epimeron  of  the  meso- 
sternum  is  completely  obliterated  ;  the  two  side  pieces  appearing 
as  one.  The  specimens  are  more  stronglv  convex  transversely. 
more  oblong,  with  finer  pubescence  which  is  not  as  long  as 


14  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'iS 

usual.  In  the  latter  character  they  resemble  those  from  the 
Calaveras  Big  Trees.  The  pubescence  increases  in  coarseness  to 
the  northward.  Specimens  from  Lassen  County,  California, 
and  Josephine  County,  Oregon,  have  the  coarsest  pubescence 
and  punctuation,  and  where  the  narrower  form  becomes  can- 
onica Casey. 

Specimens  with  coarse  pubescence  and  punctuation  are 
found  among  those  taken  in  Eldorado  and  Calaveras  Counties 
and  to  the  southward ;  but  they  are  fewer  in  number  than  to 
the  northward.  The  transition  from  one  variant  into  the 
other  is  gradual  in  all  directions,  and  therefore  no  limitation 
can  be  drawn  between  them.  They  are  all  included  under 
normal  specific  variation.  If  there  are  different  species  or 
races  they  must  be  defined  from  larval  or  pupal  characters— 
or  from  both. 

Analogy  is  found  in  the  series  collected  on  the  south  fork 
of  the  Kaweah  River,  Tulare  County,  California,  by  Mr.  Ralph 
Hopping,  whose  entire  collection  of  Coniontis  is  before  the 
writer.  Montana  in  that  region  gives  a  variation — pcrspicua 
Casey — that  is  the  opposite  of  canonica  in  form.  Canonica 
is  narrower,  and  pcrspicua  is  much  broader  than  montana. 
In  Mr.  Hopping's  series  the  specimens  gradate  so  evenly  that 
it  is  impossible  to  tell  where  w.ontana  ends  and  pcrspicua  be- 
gins. 

Pcrspicua  and  globulina  are  anomalous  forms ;  canonica 
less  so.  It  is  unfortunate  that  globulina  is  a  type  species,  for 
it  is  the  same  as  if  a  dwarf  or  a  hunchback  was  the  type  of 
Homo  sapiens. 

These  forms  are  undoubtedly  due  to  certain  physiological 
conditions  induced  by  environmental  phenomenon.  Seasonal 
vicissitudes  of  unusual  stress  may  be  considered  as  factors  in 
the  production  of  unusual  forms,  which  in  all  probability  re- 
vert to  the  type-form  when  causative  factors  cease  to  operate. 
Some  forms  are  due  to  mechanical  interference,  as  when  lar- 
vae are  forced  to  pupate  in  places  that  do  not  offer  sufficient 
space,  for  instance,  where  the  cell  is  short  so  that  the  pre- 
pupal  and  pupal  stages  are  under  flection  stress.  It  is  a  ques- 
tion of  mechanics. 


Vol.  XXl'x.l  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  15 

Moonstones  in  a  Cecropia  Cocoon  (Lepid.). 
By  L.  O.  HOWARD,  Washington,  D.  C. 

I  recently  received  from  a  Florida  correspondent  two  very 
beautiful  moonstones  found  in  the  inner  cocoon  of  a  cecropia 
moth.  They  are  about  the  same  size,  and  the  one  measured 
is  13x8x9  mm.  I  remembered  the  notes  in  Volume  II  of  the 
American  Entomologist  (1870)  and  at  once  turned  to  them. 
In  an  article  on  the  cecropia  moth,  on  page  100,  Doctor  Riley 
states  that  on  the  2Oth  of  March,  1867,  Mr.  J.  A.  Jackson,  of 
Goodings  Grove,  Illinois,  brought  in  a  cocoon  from  which  the 
moth  had  not  yet  escaped.  Enclosed  in  the  cocoon  with  the 
chrysalis  was  a  kernel  of  corn.  Doctor  Riley  thought  that  the 
kernel  had  been  accidentally  dropped  by  some  bird  and  had 
fallen  through  the  meshes  of  loose  silk  and  lodged  while  the 
worm  was  yet  spinning  its  cocoon.  He  remarked,  "It  is  one  of 
those  singular  coincidences  which  occur  once  in  a  lifetime, 
and  we  mention  it  in  this  connection  simply  to  place  the  fact 
on  record." 

On  page  177  of  the  same  volume  is  a  letter  from  Dr.  Will- 
iam LeBaron,  dated  Geneva,  Illinois,  February  22,  1870.  in 
which  he  stated  that  he  had  seen  the  note  and  that  in  two  in- 
stances cocoons  had  been  brought  to  him  for  examination  by 
a  young  man  of  Geneva,  each  containing  a  grain  of  corn. 
Doctor  LeBaron's  explanation  was  that  the  corn  was  deposit- 
ed in  the  cocoon  for  safe  keeping  during  the  formation,  or  pos- 
sibly forced  into  the  loose  end  after  completion,  of  the  cocoon, 
by  some  bird.  He  suspected  the  bluejay. 

Still  later,  on  page  370  of  the  same  volume,  a  correspondent, 
"S.  F.  C.,"  wrote,  stating  that  during  the  fall  of  '69  he  found 
five  cocoons  of  the  cecropia  moth,  all  of  which  contained  ker- 
nels of  corn  or  of  wheat  and  in  a  sixth  was  a  small  acorn.  I  It- 
had  seen  chickadees  trying  to  store  grains  of  corn  and  wheat, 
he  said,  and  believed  that  the  chickadee  as  well  as  the  blue-jay 
used  the  cocoon  of  the  cecropia  moth  as  a  storehouse. 

My  original  correspondent  in  regard  to  the  moonstones  was 
Dr.  W.  H.  Howcll,  Mayor  of  Leesburg.  He  sent  me  the  inner 
cocoon  of  the  cecropia  moth,  cut  in  half,  with  two  of  the  moon- 
stones inside.  The  third,  he  stated,  had  been  retained.  On 


l6  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'iS 

writing  to  Doctor  Howell,   he  placed  me  in   correspondence 
with  the  original  finder  of  the  cocoon,  Mrs.  Neal  Adams,  of 
Lady  Lake,  Florida.     I  wrote  her  that  I  had  consulted  Mr.  E. 
W.  Nelson,  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Biological  Survey  of  the 
Department  of  Agriculture,  who  had  told  me  that  in  that  part 
of  Florida  the  bluejay,  the  Florida  jay,  the  white-breasted  and 
brown-headed  nuthatches,  the  tufted  titmouse  and  red-headed 
woodpecker  all  have  the  habit  of  storing  miscellaneous  things. 
From  the  size  of  the  moonstones,  he  suspected  the  bluejay.     I 
asked  her  whether  any  one  in  her  town  had  a  pet  crow,  as  that 
might  have  been  responsible.    I  then  described  the  cecropia  co- 
coon, and  asked  whether  this  description  corresponded  with  the 
recollection  of  the  person  who  found  the  cocoon.     The  letter 
concluded  as  follows:  "The  cut  moonstones  found  in  its  in- 
terior, while  of  no  especial  value,  are  very  pretty  and  may  have 
been  prized  by  some  one.     I  know  that  birds  down  there  with 
you  are  apt  to  be  very  familiar,  and  it  is  not  impossible  that 
this  especial  thief  entered  a  bedroom  window  and  stole  the 
stones  from  the  top  of  a  bureau.    It  is  a  very  interesting  case." 
Mrs.  Adams  replied  that  the  cocoon  corresponded  exactly  with 
my  description,  and  that  it  was  found  near  her  house  in  the 
wheel-rut  of  a  new  clay  road.     The  outer  cocoon  had  been 
gashed  in  some  way,  but  the  inner  cocoon  was  opened  by  her, 
and  there  she  found  the  stones.     She  stated  that  no  one  to  her 
knowledge  had  a  pet  crow,  but  that  wild  crows  were  numerous, 
as  were  the  other  birds  mentioned  in  my  letter. 

These  moonstones  were  exhibited  at  the  Entomological  So- 
ciety of  Washington  and  at  the  Biological  Society  of  Wash- 
ington in  the  hope  that  some  of  the  members  might  have  found 
or  heard  of  similar  instances.  At  the  Entomological  Society, 
Mr.  Schwarz  stated  that  he  remembered  the  notes  in  the 
American  Entomologist  and  that  he  had  an  indefinite  idea  that 
he  had  seen  something  else  published  on  the  same  subject,  but 
could  not  particularize.  At  the  meeting  of  the  Biological  So- 
ciety, Mr.  Alexander  Wetmore  said  that  he  had  seen  blue  jays 
stuff  grains  of  corn  and  small  acorns  into  "big  cocoons." 

The  note  is  sent  to  Entomological  News  in  the  hope  that  it 
may  result  in  a  record  of  observations  of  a  similar  nature. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  IJ 

A   Key  to   the  Known   Species   of   South   Carolina 
Antst  with  Notes  (Hym.). 

By  M.  R.  SMITH,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  writer  is  very  much  indebted  to  Dr.  W.  M.  Wheeler, 
of  Harvard  University,  for  the  identification  of  several  species 
given  in  this  paper  and  also  for  the  use  of  a  number  of  his 
notes. 

Prof.  J.  S.  Hine  and  Prof.  C.  L.  Metcalf,  of  Ohio  State 
University,  kindly  criticized  the  paper  and  offered  suggestions. 

Key  to  Subfamilies  of  Formicidae. 

1.  Abdominal   pedicel   consisting  of   a   single   segment    2. 

Abdominal  pedicel  consisting  of  two  segments    3. 

2.  Cloacal  orifice  terminal,  surrounded  by  a  fringe  of  hairs, 

CAMPONOTINAE 
Cloacal  orifice  ventral    4. 

3.  Frontal  carinae  very  close  together,  almost  vertical,  not  covering 

antennal   insertions;   eyes  small   or  absent;   species  tropical   and 

sub-tropical DORYLINAE 

Frontal    carinae    not    as    above;    eyes    rarely    vestigial    or    absent; 
species  numerous    MYRMICINAE 

4.  No   constriction   between   the    first   and    second   gastric    segments, 

anal   glands   present,   which   produce   a   secretion   with   a   rancid 

butter-like   odor    DOLICHODERINAE 

Caster  with  a  distinct  constriction  between  the   first  and  second 
segments;  frontal  carinae  separated  or  close  together, 

PONERINAE 

Subfamily  PONERINAE. 

Frontal  carinae  closely  approximated;   the   tip  of   gaster   strongly 
deflected  downard;  clypeus  with  a  projection  in  the  middle, 

Sysphincta 
S.   pergandei    Roger. 

This  species  is  a  member  of  the  above  genus,  which  was 
once  common  to  the  southeastern  part  of  the  United  States, 
but  is  now  nearly  extinct.  The  writer  has  taken  only  one 
specimen  during  two  years  of  collecting  in  South  Carolina. 
This  specimen  is  rather  ferruginous  brown  in  color,  has  a 
thorax  without  sutures,  and  the  tip  of  the  gaster  is  deflected 
downward.  The  specimen  was  taken  from  beneath  some  pine 
leaves. 


l8  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Ian.,  'iS 

(Subfamily  DORYLINAE.) 
Claws    toothed    Eciton 

E.  opacithorax  Emery. 

The  workers  of  this  species  have  vestigial  eyes,  hence  lead 
hypogaeic  or  subterranean  lives.  Specimens  were  captured 
while  they  were  trailing  over  the  ground  in  single  file.  The 
species  does  not  seem  to  be  numerous  in  the  northwestern 
part  of  the  State,  the  writer  only  having  taken  specimens  on 
two  different  occasions. 

Subfamily    MYRMICINAE. 

1.  Postpetiole   joined  to   the   dorsal   surface  of  the  gaster,   which   is 

flattened  dorsally,  more  convex  ventrally  and  acutely  pointed. 

Cremastogaster 
Postpetiole  joined  to  the  anterior  basal  portion  of  the  gaster.. 2. 

2.  Meso-epinotal  constriction  usually   faint  or  lacking   3. 

Meso-epinotal  constriction  distinct    4. 

3.  Antennae  ii-jointed;  workers  monomorphic;  head  and  thorax  not 

rugose    Leptothorax    (in  part) 

Antennae  12-jointed;  meso-epinotal  constriction  as  well  as  pro- 
mesonotal  constriction  absent;  the  head  and  thorax  distinctly 
rugose  Pogonomyrmex 

4.  Antennae     11 -(jointed     5. 

Antennae    i2-jointed    6. 

5.  Head  with  one  pair  of  occipital  spines,  thorax  with  three  pairs  of 

dorsal  spines;  integument  rough,  bearing  stiff  or  hooked  hairs. 
(At fa).  (One  subgenus  in  South  Carolina,  which  has  numerous 
tubercles  on  the  head,  thorax  and  abdomen  Trachymyrmex) 
Thorax  and  petiole  without  any  traces  of  teeth  or  spines;  body 
slender;  workers  monomorphic  Monomorium 

6.  Last  four  joints  of  the  antennae   forming  a   rather   distinct  club: 

workers  with  slender  thorax  and  legs;  monomorphic, 

Aphaenogaster 
Last  three  joints   of  the  antennae   forming  a  club    7. 

7.  The  club  very  distinct;   the  workers   strongly  dimorphic;   soldiers 

with    large    heads     Pheidole 

The  club  not  quite  so  distinct;  meso-epinotal  constriction  deep  and 

distinct;   workers   monomorphic, 

Leptothorax,  sub-genus  Dictothorax  (in  part) 
Head  and  prothorax  distinctly  striated;  pro-mesonotal  constriction 

absent;   imported   species    Tetramorium 

Genus  Cremastogaster  Lund. 

I.     Workers  with  distinct  mid-dorsal  thoracic  carina   2. 

Workers  without  distinct  mid-dorsal  thoracic  carina, 

virtima  F.  Smith  subspecies  missouriensis 


Vol.  XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  IQ 

2.     Workers  with  distinct  mid-dorsal  thoracic  carina  extending  from, 
the  center  of  the  pronotum  to  the  center  of  the  mesonotum, 

lineolata  Say.  var.  lutea 

Workers  with  a  distinct,  short,  mid-dorsal  thoracic  carina  extend- 
ing  partly    or    throughout    the   mesonotum    lineolata    Say. 

C.  victima  F.  Smith,  subsp.  missouriensis. 

This  is  a  small  species  which  may  be  distinguished  by  the 
absence  of  a  mid-dorsal  thoracic  carina.  on  the  workers. 

C.  lineolata  Say,  var.  lutea. 

The  workers  have  a  distinct  mid-dorsal  thoracic  carina  ex- 
tending from  the  middle  of  the  pronotum  to  the  middle  of  the 
epinotum. 

C.  lineolata  Say. 

The  workers  of  this  species  are  very  common,  ranging 
throughout  all  parts  of  the  United  States.  They  build  nests 
under  stones,  in  galls,  wood  and  under  carton-like  structures. 
These  ants  are  exceedingly  fond  of  sweets  and  it  is  no  uncom- 
mon occurrence  to  find  them  in  attendance  upon  aphids,  coc- 
cids  and  similar  insects.  The  workers  when  disturbed  raise 
the  tip  of  their  gaster  in  a  threatening  manner  as  if  they  could 
sting. 

Genus   Leptothorax    Mayr. 

I.     Thorax  without  meso-epinotal  constriction;  antennae  eleven-joint- 
ed; color  yellow,  .curzrispinosus   (Subgenus  Leptothorax  s.  str.) 
Thorax  with  distinct  meso-epinotal  constriction;  antennae  twelve- 
jointed;  color  black,  .pcrgandei  (Subgenus  Dictothora.v  Emery) 

L.    curvispinosus    Mayr. 

The  small  yellow  workers  of  this  species  build  their  nests  in 
hollow  limbs,  galls,  nuts,  etc.  They  are  easily  identified  from 
other  species  of  this  genus  by  their  yellow  color  and  by  two 
black  or  brown  spots  on  the  first  gastric  segment.  The  species 
is  very  small  and  may  be  overlooked  by  the  casual  observer. 

L.  pergandei  Emery. 

The  workers  are  black  and  considerably  larger  than  those  of 
L.  curvispinosus.  The  habits  of  the  two  species  are  practical- 
ly the  same. 


2O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'l8 

Genus    Pogonomyrmex    Mayr. 
P.  badius  Latr. 

This  is  the  only  species  of  the  genus  that  occurs  in  the 
southeastern  states.  Some  of  the  workers  have  exceedingly 
large  heads.  The  workers  are  dark  rufous,  very  hairy,  and 
have  a  much  rugose  head  and  thorax. 

Genus  Atta.  Fabr.     Subgenus  Trachymyrmex  Forel. 
T.  septentrionalis  McCook. 

The  workers  of  this  form  have  a  number  of  tubercles  on 
the  body,  which  gives  them  a  rough  spiny  appearance.  This 
species  cultivates  fungus  in  its  nests  for  food.  The  nests  are 
open  from  the  first  of  April  to  the  latter  part  of  May.  After 
this  time  the  heat  becomes  too  intense  for  the  keeping  of  fun- 
gus without  the  closure  of  the  entrance  to  the  nest.  The  writ- 
er has  often  observed  workers  carrying  apple  blossom  petals 
into  their  nest  for  the  purpose  of  cultivating  fungus  from  it. 
Their  nest  always  has  the  excavated  dirt  placed  a  few  inches 
from  the  opening  in  such  a  manner  as  to  form  a  crescent. 
This  is  very  characteristic. 

Genus    Monomorium    Mayr. 
M.  minimum  Buckley. 

The  small,  slender  black  workers  of  this  species  occur  in  the 
fields  and  in  houses.  In  the  fi^eld  they  build  crater-shaped 
mounds.  Often  they  occur  in  large  enough  numbers  around 
houses  to  be  considered  pests.  The  writer  has  found  them 
nesting  in  rotten  wood. 

Genus  Aphaenogaster  Mayr. 

1.  Antennal  scape  with  a  shield-shaped  enlargement  at  the  base, 

treatac 
Antennal  scape  without  a  shield-shaped  enlargement  at  the  base. 2. 

2.  Femur  and  tibiae  of  legs  distinctly  enlarged  and  much  darker, 

lamellidens 
Femur  and  tibiae  not  distinctly  enlarged  and  much  darkened.  .  .  .3. 

3.  Head    broad,    occipital    region    with    distinct   lobes:    general    color 

dark  brown    fulra. 

Head  slender,  occipital  region  with  rounded  lobes:  general  color 
usually  light  ferruginous  brown  with  gaster  and  legs  yellow- 
ish   texana. 

Workers  smaller:  epinotal  spines  shorter  and  directed  more  back- 
ward; general  color  brownish;  base  and  tips  of  gaster  paler, 

texana,  var.  carolensis. 


Vol.  Xxix  !  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  21 

A.  treatae  Forel. 

The  workers  are  easily  identified  by  the  lobe-like  enlarge- 
ments of  their  scapes.  They  are  very  common  throughout 
the  eastern  section  of  the  United  States.  The  workers  are 
carnivorous  and  forage  singly.  They  nest  beneath  stones  in 
the  woods. 

A.  lamellidens  Mayr. 

This  species  has  workers  which  are  reddish  in  color  and 
have  much  darkened  femora  and  tibiae.  The  workers  have 
always  been  captured  by  the  writer  on  or  around  wood. 

•A.  fulva  Roger. 

The  workers  are  dark  brown  in  color  and  are  slender  in 
form.  They  nest  in  rotten  logs  in  the  woods.  This  species 
does  not  seem  to  be  common  in  the  northern  section  of  the 
State. 

A.  texana,  var.  carolensis. 

The  workers  are  hard  to  distinguish  from  those  of  A.  fulva. 
This  variety  seems  to  be  very  common  throughout  the  State. 
Their  nests  have  been  found  under  stones. 

Genus  Pheidole  Westwood. 

1.  Epinotum   with   vestigial   spines    morrisi   Forel 

Epinotum    with    spines    well    developed     2. 

2.  Ahdomen  piceous;  head  and  thorax  dark  rufous, 

crassicornis  Emery 
Abdomen    not    as    above     3. 

3.  General   body  color   yellowish    tysoni   Forel 

General    body   color    darker    4. 

4.  Size    larger,   3    mm. -3. 5    mm.;    workers    with    coarser,    longer    and 

more  numerous  hairs    dcntata   Mayr. 

Size  smaller  2  mm. -2.5  mm.;  workers  with  hairs  smaller  and  not 
as  numerous   vinelandica  Forel 

P.  morrisi  Forel. 

The  workers  are  easily  separated  from  those  of  allied  spe- 
cies in  having  only  vestigial  spines  on  the  epinotum.  Their 
nests  are  very  characteristic,  consisting  of  a  large  mound  from 
4  to  6  inches  high  and  from  6  to  8  inches  in  diameter,  built 
around  the  base  of  a  bunch  of  grass.  When  distributed  the 
workers  run  franticallv  to  and  fro  over  the  nest. 


22  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'iS 

P.  crassicornis  Emery. 

This  species  has  workers  that  are  distinctly  more  rufous 
colored  than  are  those  of  any  other  species  of  this  genus,  the 
abdomen  is  very  dark.  The  writer  has  found  nests  of  this 
ant  under  pavement  walks  and  around  the  roots  of  trees. 

P.  tysoni  Forel. 

Workers  of  this  shining  yellow  species  have  been  taken  only 
once.  The  workers  are  easily  identified  from  the  other  work- 
ers of  this  genus  by  their  yellow  color  and  smooth  shining  ap- 
pearance. 

P.  dentata  Mayr. 

The  workers  are  easily  confused  with  those  of  P.  vinelan- 
dica,  from  which  they  differ  in  the  sculpture  of  the  head  and 
in  their  larger  size.  The  nests  are  small  crater-shaped  af- 
fairs ;  sometimes  they  nest  under  stones  or  logs.  The  work- 
ers store  seed  in  their  nests. 

P.  vinelandica  Forel. 

The  workers  of  this  species  are  often  confused  with  those 
of  P.  dentata,  from  which  they  differ  in  their  smaller  size, 
less  numerous  hairs,  and  the  sculpture  of  the  head.  They 
build  nests  under  stones  or  in  the  open.  The  field  nests  are 
small  crater-shaped  mounds  only  a  few  inches  in  diameter.  The 
workers  store  small  grass  seeds  in  their  nests. 

Genus  Tetramorium  Mayr.     Subgenus  Tetramorium  s.  str. 
T.  caespitum  L. 

This  species  has  been  introduced  into  America  from  Europe 
and  occurs  principally  in  our  large  cities.  The  workers  have 
a  striated  thorax  and  head.  From  their  habit  of  nesting  be- 
neath pavement  walks  they  are  commonly  known  as  the  "pave- 
ment ant." 

Subfamily  DOLICHODERINAE. 

1.  Chitinous    integument   hard    and    brittle;    epinotum    with    declivity 

strongly  concave;   principally   arboreal   in  habits. 

Dolichoderus,  subgenus  Hypoclinea 
Chitinous    integument    thin    and    flexible    2. 

2.  Epinotum    with    a    conical    elevation;    terrestrial    species    building 

dome-shaped   mounds   in   sunny   spots Dorymyrmex 

Epinotum    not    as    above    3 


Vol.  xxix  i  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  23 

3.     Petiole  well  developed,  more  or  less  inclined;   workers  generally 

brownish  in  color;  nests  usually  under  stones  . .  .Iridomyrmex 

Petiole   vestigial   or    absent;    workers    black Tapinoma 

Genus  Dolichoderus  Lund. 

1.  Head   and   thorax   with   shallow   punctures    2. 

Head  and  thorax  coarsely  and  deeply  punctured   3. 

2.  Epinotal  concavity  with  a  strong  median  longitudinal  ridge;  head, 

thorax  and  petiole  yellowish   red;   body  hairless  above, 

marine  Forel   (Subgenus  Hypoclinca  Mayr) 
Kpiriotal  concavity  without  such  a  ridge;  at  least  the  head  black/4. 

3.  Base  of  gaster  with  reddish  yellow  spots, 

plagiatus  Mayr    (Subgenus  Hypoclinea  Mayr) 

4.  Body   without   erect   hairs   on   the    upper    surface;    body   and   ap- 

pendages   deep   black. .  taschenbergi   Mayr,   var.   atterina.   Whir. 
Body    with    erect    hairs    on    the    upper    surface;    thorax    reddish 
brown;  base  of  gaster  with  reddish  yellow  spots, 

plagiatus  Mayr  var.  pustulatus  Mayr. 

D.  mariae  Forel. 

This  beautiful  species  is  very  common  in  the  State.  The 
workers  build  nests  in  the  soil  at  the  base  of  broom  straw. 
The  writer  has  found  several  thousand  workers  in  a  nest.  The 
nest  has  a  peculiar  odor.  The  workers  are  especially  fond  of 
aphids  and  coccids ;  they  were  often  found  attending  the  aphis, 
Lachnus  australis,  on  pine.  In  numbers  this  species  is  the 
most  common  throughout  the  State. 

D.  plagiatus  Mayr. 

It  is  very  hard  to  distinguish  between  the  workers  of  this 
species  and  the  above.  The  habits  of  the  two  are  practically 
the  same.  This  species  is  not  as  numerous  as  D.  mariae. 

D.  plagiatus  Mayr,  var.  pustulatus   Mayr. 

This  species  is  a  variety  of  D.  plagiatus,  from  which  it  dif- 
fers principally  in  its  smaller  size  and  its  numerous  coarse 
punctures  on  the  head  and  thorax.  This  variety  does  not  seem 
to  be  numerous  in  the  State. 

D.  taschenbergi  Mayr,  var.  atterina  Whir. 

This  shining  black  species  is  very  common.  The  writer  has 
found  its  nests  in  the  soil  at  the  base  of  pine  trees  and  in  the 
soil  at  the  base  of  broom  straw.  The  habits  of  this  species  are 
the  same  as  those  of  the  above  two  species. 


24  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'iS 

Genus   Dorymyrmex   Mayr. 

1.  Color   dark   brown    2. 

Color  not  as  above,  light  yellowish   3. 

2.  Head   and  thorax    reddish  brown,   abdomen   darker, 

pyramicus  Roger 
General  color  much  darker,  almost  black, 

pyramicus  Roger,  var.  niger. 

3.  Head  and  thorax  reddish  yellow;  abdomen  lighter  with  darkened 

tip   . . pyramicus  Roger,  var.  flavus  Pergande. 

D.  pyramicus  Roger. 

This  dark  brown  species  builds  crater-shaped  nests  in  sun- 
ny spots.  It  is  one  of  the  most  numerous  ants  in  the  State  and 
is  common  throughout  the  southern  states.  The  workers  feed 
on  other  insects,  but  are  also  fond  of  aphid  excretions. 

D.  pyramicus  Roger,  var.  niger  Pergande. 

This  is  a  much  darker  form  than  the  above  and  has  not  been 
collected  by  the  writer  in  the  northern  part  of  the  State,  al- 
though it  is  common  in  the  warmer  southern  part. 

D.  pyramicus  Roger,  var.  flavus  Pergande. 

This  species  is  light  in  color,  being  reddish  yellow  with  a 
lighter  abdomen.  It  is  also  very  common  throughout  the  State. 
The  habits  of  this  variety  and  of  D.  pyramicus  are  the  same. 

Genus  Iridomyrmex  Mayr. 

i.     Color   uniform   brown;    workers   when   crushed   not   odorous;   im- 
ported species   found  generally  in  seaport  towns,  humilis  Mayr. 
Color  of  head  and  thorax  brown,  abdomen  lighter;  workers  when 
crushed  give  off  a  perceptible   Tapinoma  odor   ....an-alis  Andre 

I.   humilis   Mayr. 

This  species  has  been  imported  into  the  United  States  from 
Argentina.  It  occurs  principally  in  seaport  towns.  In  South 
Carolina  this  species  has  not  been  found  in  any  other  towns 
than  Charleston  and  Summerville.  As  a  species  of  econom- 
ic importance  this  ant  is  second  to  none.  The  Bureau  of 
Entomology,  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  has  a 
large  bulletin  on  the  distribution,  life  history,  control  measures 
and  other  important  point?  of  interest  concerning  this  ant. 

I.  analis  Andre. 

The  workers  of  this  ant  build  their  nests  principally  under 
stones.  The  ants  have  a  characteristic  odor.  The  workers  are 


Vol.  xxix|  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  25 

fond  of  attending  plant  lice.  In  one  field  of  rye  a  large  num- 
ber of  this  species  had  their  nests  in  the  soil  at  the  base  of 
rye  plants,  on  which  occurred  the  green  bug,  To.roptera  grami- 
num,  and  were  busily  attending  this  species. 

Genus  Tapinoma  Forster. 
T.  sessile  Say. 

This  slender  black  species  builds  its  nests  under  stones, 
leaves  and  the  bark  of  logs ;  generally  in  sunny  spots.  The 
workers  have  a  characteristic  odor.  The  pupae  are  salmon 
colored.  The  workers  of  this  form  resemble  those  of 
Dor\mynne.\-  pyratnlcus  in  appearance  and  action.  This  species 
may  be  distinguished  from  other  ants  by  the  presence  of  a  ves- 
tigial petiole. 

Subfamily  CAMPONOTINAE. 

1.  Workers  polymorphic;   no  ocelli  present Camponotus 

Workers  not  polymorphic,  though  often  variable  in  size 2. 

2.  Clypeal  fossa  distinctly  separated  from  the  antennal  fossa 3. 

Clypeal  fossa  confluent  with  the  antennal  fossa  5. 

3.  Mesonotum   not  constricted  or  cylindrical;   ocelli  present, 

Formica 
Mesonotum   constricted    4. 

4.  Antennal   scapes  and  tibiae  without  erect  hairs:   mesonotum   sub- 

cylindrical;  workers  nest  in  moist  places  ..  .Prenolepis    s.    str. 
Antennal    scapes    and    tibiae    with    erect    hairs:    mesonotum    con- 
stricted but  not  sub-cylindrical Subgenus   Nylanderia 

5.  Maxillary    palpi    six-jointed Lasius  s.   str. 

Maxillary   palpi   three-jointed Subgenus   Acanthomyops 

Genus  Camponotus  Mayr. 

1.  General    color   of    body    black    2. 

General  color  of  body  yellow  and  black,  or  red  and  black 3. 

2.  Form    robust;    workers    polymorphic;    head    and    thorax    sparM-ly 

covered  with  large  yellow  hairs;  the  abdomen  with  numerous 
large  and  small  hairs,  the  small  hairs  giving  it  a  bronzed  metal- 
lic lustre  . . .  .here ulancits  L.,  Subspecies  pennsylvanicus  DeGcer 
Body  slender;  head,  thorax  and  abdomen  smooth,  shining  black; 
body  practically  devoid  of  hairs  except  on  the  abdomen,  where 
the  anterior  and  posterior  edge  of  each  segment  bears  a  fringe 
of  long  hairs falla.r  Xyl.,  var.  ncarcticus  Emery. 

3.  Form    robust:    workers    polymorphic:    color    of    body   yellow    ex- 

cept the  head,   which  is  piceous;   abdomen   with   numerous  long 
hairs castanciis    Latr.,    subspecies    anicricanns    Mayr. 


26  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'iS 

Form  slender;  color  of  head  and  thorax  dark  rufous,  abdomen 
black;  abdomen  with  a  fringe  of  long  hairs  on  the  posterior 
edge  of  each  segment fallar  Nyl.  var.  decipiens  Emery. 

C.  herculaneus  L.,  subspecies  pennsylvanicus  De  Geer. 

These  large  black  ants  are  found  nesting  in  wood ;  because 
of  this  fact  they  are  commonly  known  as  the  "carpenter  ant." 
The  workers  of  this  species  seem  to  be  very  cosmopolitan,  oc- 
curring throughout  the  eastern  states.  Sometimes  they  are  very 
injurious  to  lumber  and  wooden  constructions,  through  which 
they  construct  numerous  galleries  and  chambers, 

C.  fallax  Nyl.,  var.  decipiens  Emery. 

These  slender  forms  with  red  heads  and  thoraces  and  black 
abdomens  are  commonly  found  under  the  bark  of  trees  or 
crawling  over  the  surface  of  the  bark.  The  writer  found  a 
large  number  of  workers  nesting  in  an  oak  gall. 

C.  fallax  Nyl.,  var.  nearcticus  Emery. 

The  slender  black  workers  of  this  species  nest  under  the 
bark  of  trees.  The  habits  of  the  workers  are  about  the  same 
as  those  of  C.  decipiens.  The  writer  has  never  found  but  a 
few  workers  in  the  nests. 

C.  castaneus  Latr.,  var.  americanus  Mayr. 

The  workers  of  this  species  may  be  recognized  by  their  yel- 
low bodies  and  dark  piceous  heads.  They  build  their  nests 
under  stones.  These  ants  are  very  common  in  the  woods.  In 
size  this  species  ranks  with  C.  pennsylvanicus,  which  is  the 
largest  species  in  the  State. 

Genus  Formica  Linn. 

1.  General  color  of  body  uniform  black;  head,  thorax  and  abdomen 

with  fine  pubescence,  giving  a  pruinose  effect, 

fusca  Linn.,  var.  subscricca   Say. 
General  color  of  body  not  black,  more  or  less  yellowish 2. 

2.  Abdomen    distinctly    darker    than    the    head    and    thorax,    almost 

black;  without  hairs,  except  for  the  fringe  of  hairs  on  the  pos- 
terior edge  of  each  segment;  head  and  thorax  dark  rufous, 

truncicola,  subspecies   Integra   Nyl. 

Abdomen  only  faintly  darker  than  the  head  and  thorax,  which 
are  yellow  or  yellowish  red  3. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2/ 

3.     Maxillary    palpi,    especially    their    last    two    joints,    conspicuously 
long;  color  pale  yellow;  gaster  slightly  infuscated, 

pallidefuh'a   Latr. 

Maxillary  palpi  shorter;  color,  reddish  yellow  with  more  or   less 
infuscated  gaster;  pubescence  and  hairs  long  and  abundant, 

pallidcfidra  Latr.,  var.  scliaufussi  Mayr. 

F.  fusca  Linn,  var.  subsericea  Say. 

The  workers  of  this  form  are  very  common  in  South  Caro- 
lina. They  forage  singly,  living  on  the  products  of  the  chase. 
This  form  is  very  cowardly  and  has  been  made  slaves  of  by 
other  species  of  this  genus. 

F.  truncicola,  subsp.  Integra  Nyl. 

The  robust  workers  of  this  species  have  red  heads  and 
thoraces  and  black  abdomens.  This  species  nests  in  rotten  logs. 
The  writer  has  seen  them  so  numerous  in  the  woods  that  when 
the  workers  were  crawling  over  the  leaves  it  sounded  much 
like  rain  pattering  on  the  leaves.  The  workers  are  very  pug- 
nacious when  aroused. 

F.  pallide-fulva  Latr. 

These  ants  are  very  numerous  throughout  the  State,  being 
commonly  called  red  ants.  Nests  have  been  found  in  the  soil 
at  the  base  of  trees  and  in  the  open  field.  This  species  re- 
sembles F.  fusca  subsericea  in  habits. 

F.  pallide-fulva,  Latr.,  var.  schaufussi  Mayr. 

This  variety  differs  from  the  typical  form  of  the  species  by 
having  a  much  more  infuscated  abdomen.  It  does  not  seem 
to  be  as  common  in  the  State. 

Genus  Prenolepis  Mayr. 

i.     Workers   from  3-4  mm.   in  size;  abdomen   often  distended;   color 
light  yrlli  >\\-ish,  abdomen   often   darker;   nests  in  moist  places. 

imparts  Say. 

Smaller   species   1.8-2  mm.   in   size;   color,   dark   brown   to   almost 
black;   upper   surface   of  body   with  prominent  coarse   hairs, 

parvula  Emery  (Subgenus  Nylanderia  Emery) 

P.  imparis  Say. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  numerous  species  of  ants  in  the 
State.  The  workers  are  very  fond  of  attending  aphids.  Some 
of  the  workers  often  have  their  abdomens  so  distended  with 


28  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  I  Jan.,  'l8 

aphid  honey  dew  that  they  can  hardly  walk.  This  species 
builds  crater-shaped  nests  in  moist  spots,  generally  preferring 
clay  soil,  probably  because  of  its  capacity  for  holding  moisture. 
The  males  and  females  remain  in  the  nest  over  winter  and  take 
their  nuptial  flight  in  the  spring.  The  writer  has  captured 
both  forms  in  Ohio  as  early  as  March  27th.  This  form  oc- 
curs around  the  house,  where  it  often  gets  into  the  pantry  and 
causes  the  housekeeper  a  great  amount  of  trouble. 

P.  parvula  Emery. 

This  form  is  smaller,  more  hairy,  and  of  a  darker  color  than 
P.  imparts.  The  workers  inhabit  the  fields,  where  they  often 
build  their  nests  under  rocks. 

Genus  Lasius  Fabricius. 

1.  Maxillary  palpi  six-jointed;  general  color  deep  brown. 

nigcr  Linn.,  var.  americanns  Emery. 
Maxillary  palpi   three-jointed (Subgenus   Acanthomyops} ,   2. 

2.  Petiole  low  and  broad  when  viewed  from  above;  hairs  of  the  body 

short   latipes  Walsh 

Petiole  higher  and  narrower;   abdomen   with  longer  hairs 3. 

3.  All  but  the  last  joint  of  the  antennae  broader  than   long, 

claviger  Roger. 

All  but  the  last  joint  of  the  antennae  not  broader  than  long; 
posterior  edge  of  each  abdominal  segment  with  a  fringe  of 
long  hairs  inter jcctus  Mayr. 

L.  niger  Linn.,  var.  americanus  Emery. 

This  form  is  very  common  in  the  corn  and  cotton  fields  of 
the  State.  Professor  Forbes,  of  Illinois,  has  published  several 
interesting  bulletins  on  this  species'  relation  to  the  corn  and 
cotton  root  louse,  Aphis  maidi-radicis.  It  has  been  definitely  . 
proven  that  these  ants  are  responsible  for  the  spread  of  the 
root  louse.  The  ants  are  very  abundant  throughout  the  United 
States,  except  the  extreme  southern  and  southwestern  sections. 
The  workers  have  an  abdomen  with  a  pruinose  appearance, 
which  when  crushed  gives  off  a  strong  formic  acid  odor.  Prof. 
W.  A.  Thomas,  of  South  Carolina,  has  found  that  the  cotton 
root  louse,  to  a  large  extent,  may  be  controlled  by  shallow 
plowing  the  growing  cotton  at  frequent  intervals,  thus  disor- 
ganizing the  ants. 


Vol.  XXSX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

L.  latipes  Walsh. 

This  form  is  found  nesting  under  stones.  The  females  are 
often  dimorphic,  one  form  being  peculiar  in  having  much 
flattened  femora  and  tibiae.  The  species  is  not  as  numerous 
as  L.  interject  us  and  L.  claviger. 

L.  claviger  Roger. 

Wheeler  states  that  this  is  the  most  common  species  of  the 
subgenus  Acanthomyops.  The  workers  build  their  nests  under 
stones  along  the  edges  of  woods  where  they  can  find  warmth 
and  moisture.  Solitary  dealated  females  have  been  found  under 
rocks  during  the  winter. 

L.  interjectus  Mayr. 

This  is  the  largest  species  of  the  subgenus.  The  workers 
build  their  nests  under  stones  and  in  old  logs.  These  ants  are 
very  fond  of  attending  subterranean  aphids.  In  numbers  this 
is  one  of  the  most  common  species  in  the  State. 


Isaac  P.   Trimble,   M.D.,  Early  Economic  Entomo- 
logist of  New  Jersey. 

By  HARRY  B.  WEISS,  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey. 
A  trifle  over  fifty  years  ago  there  lived  in  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  a  Dr.  I.  P.  Trimble,  who  was  interested  in  insects 
from  an  economic  standpoint  and  whose  chief  contribution  to 
entomology  was  a  work  of  139  quarto  pages  devoted  to  the 
plum  curculio  and  codling  moth.  This  was  entitled  "A  Treat- 
ise on  Insect  Enemies  of  Fruits  and  Fruit  Trees"  and  was 
published  in  1865.  Ninety-nine  pages  and  eight  of  the  eleven 
plates  in  tlie  book  are  taken  up  with  the  plum  curculio  and 
this  was  the  most  complete  account  of  that  insect  up  to  that 
time. 

In  the  introduction  Dr.  Trimble  states  that  he-  studied  in- 
sects injurious  to  fruits  for  many  years,  at  first  for  the  pro- 
tection of  his  own  crops  and  later  for  knowledge  that  he  had 
been  unable  to  find  in  books  and.  in  addition,  his  interest  was 
increased  bv  reading  such  works  as  those  of  Kirby  and  Spence, 
Iluber,  T.atreille,  Say.  Harris  and  Fitch.  From  observation. 


3O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'l8 

recorded  in  his  book  he  evidently  traveled  considerably 
throughout  New  Jersey  and  New  York,  always  keeping  a 
sharp  eye  open  for  the  plum  curculio  and  codling  moth,  and 
recording  in  a  diary  such  observations  on  these  and  various 
other  insects  as  he  thought  were  worth  while.  Birds  too  in- 
terested him,  as  evidenced  from  several  pages  of  his  treatise, 
which  are  devoted  to  them. 

He  was  fully  alive  to  the  many  valueless  remedies  proposed 
at  that  time  for  the  control  of  the  curculio  and  kept  a  collec- 
tion of  them.  He  states  (p.  52  of  his  Treatise),  "I  cannot 
imagine  anything  of  less  value,  unless  it  should  be  a  similar 
collection  of  quack  remedies  for  consumption  or  rheumatism." 
He  also  experimented  somewhat  with  various  materials  in 
order  to  determine  their  insecticidal  value,  and  some  of  these 
results  are  recorded  in  his  book.  From  reading  his  book  one 
gains  the  impression  that  he  was  interested  in  all  insects  more 
or  less,  but  especially  those  injurious  to  crops.  Although  de- 
voted mainly  to  the  curculio  and  codling  moth,  various  notes 
on  numerous  other  species  manage  to  appear,  showing  that 
he  was  widely  informed  for  that  period. 

In  addition  to  his  entomological  work,  Dr.  Trimble  evi- 
dently found  time  to  practice  medicine  as  the  Transactions  of 
the  Medical  Society  of  New  Jersey  for  1866  list  his  name 
from  Newark  as  a  registered  physician  in  New  Jersey,  and 
as  late  as  1874  his  address  is  given  in  the  Newark  City  direc- 
tory as  645  High  Street.  From  1863  to  1867  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Jersey  Historical  Society  and,  according  to 
the  proceedings  of  that  society  for  1866,  was  on  the  library 
committee  and  in  1867  and  1871  made  donations  of  books. 
He  was  also  entomologist  of  the  Horticultural  Association  of 
the  American  Institute  and  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society 
of  New  Jersey,  and  in  1863  made  a  report  to  this  latter  society 
on  the  habits  of  insects  injurious  to  grains  and  fruits. 

He  was  also  interested  in  politics,  being  assemblyman  to 
the  New  Jersey  legislature  from  Essex  County  in  1859,  1866 
and  1869,  and  chairman  of  the  House  Committee  on  Agricul- 
ture in  1866.  In  the  report  of  the  executive  committee  of  the 


Vol.  XXl'x]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  31 

New  Jersey  Agricultural  Society  for  1866  it  is  stated  that  the 
legislature  had  appropriated  $3000  to  the  society  for  prepar- 
ing and  publishing  Dr.  Trimble's  "Treatise  on  the  Insect  Ene- 
mies of  Fruit  and  Fruit  Trees,"  and  that  this  money  was  to 
be  paid  in  yearly  instalments  of  $1000,  the  secretary  of  the 
society  being  required  to  report  annually  the  manner  in  which 
the  money  was  expended.  It  is  further  stated  that  not  a  cent 
of  this  money  went  to  the  author,  but  was  used  by  the  society 
in  publishing  and  purchasing  copies  of  the  book  for  distribu- 
tion. Eight  dollars  were  asked  for  a  copy  with  colored  plates 
and  five  dollars  for  one  without  colored  plates. 

In  addition  to  being  the  author  of  Reports  by  the  Committee 
on  Agriculture  of  the  New  Jersey  legislature  for  1866,  Dr. 
Trimble  wrote  for  the  newspapers  and  appeared  on  the  lecture 
platform  of  various  societies  during  his  time.  For  the  fol- 
lowing list  of  papers  by  Dr.  Trimble  I  am  indebted  to  Mr. 
Andrew  J.  Mutchler,  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural 
History.  Although  aided  considerably  by  the  librarians  at  the 
Newark  Public  Library,  Rutgers  College,  New  Jersey  His- 
torical Society  and  the  State  House,  it  was  impossible  to  find 
anv  reference  to  an  obituarv  notice  of  Dr.  Trimble. 

J  ^ 

However,  at  the  suggestion  of  Dr.  Philip  P.  Calvert,  I  wrote 
to  Dr.  Ewing  Jordan,  editor  of  the  Medical  Alumni  Catalogue 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  who  very  kindly  and  gen- 
erously supplied  me  with  the  following:  "Isaac  Pirn  Trimble, 
son  of  Samuel  and  Amy  (Pirn)  Trimble,  was  born  at  West 
Bradford,  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  on  August  20,  1804, 
and  died  near  Cornwall,  New  York,  September  27,  1890.  He 
entered  the  Medical  School  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  October,  1824,  and  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  M.D., 
April  7,  1826.  He  was  a  general  practitioner  of  medicine, 
having  practiced  in  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  but  gave 
a  large  portion  of  his  attention  to  fruit  culture.  He  married 
on  March  31,  1841,  Jane  Riggs,  a  daughter  of  Caleb  S.  Riggs, 
an  attorney-at-law.  It  is  unknown  that  he  had  any  issue. 
Sources  of  information — 'Palmer  &  Trimble  Genealogy'  and 
Mr.  Gilbert  Cope,  West  Chester,  Pa." 


32  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'l8 

Papers   by   Isaac   P.    Trimble. 

Injurious  insects.  Proc.  Amer.  Pomol.  Soc.,  1864,  pp.  93-96.  [Habits, 
ravages,  and  means  against  Carpocapsa  pomonclla;  habits  of 
Conotrachclus  nenuphar.} 

Spare  the  toad.  [I.  P.  Trimble]  Can.  Farmer,  15  August,  1865.  S.-b. 
No.  i,  p.  45.  [Notes  the  insectivorous  habits  of  the  common 
toad.] 

A  treatise  on  the  insect  enemies  of  fruit  and  fruit  trees.  N.  Y.,  1865, 
ii  pis.  [Treats  of  Conotrachclus  nenuphar  and  Carpocapsa 
pomonclla.] 

Birds;  their  usefulness:  An  appeal  to  farmers  and  sportsmen.  [I.  P. 
Trimble]  Newark  Advertiser.  Can.  Farmer,  i  December,  1866. 
S.-b.  No.  2,  pp.  51-52.  [Notes  the  usefulness  of  various  birds 
and  of  the  Ichneumonidae  as  destroyers  of  noxious  insects.] 

Apple  Maggot.  N.  Y.  Semi-weekly  Tribune,  17  July,  1867.  [Distri- 
bution of  Trypcta  pomonclla.} 

An  insect  talk.  Proc.  Amer.  Pomol.  Soc.,  1867,  pp.  118-121.  [Habits 
of  and  means  against  Conotrachclus  nenuphar  and  Carpocapsa 
pomonclla.} 

The  plum  curculio  will  deposit  in  fruit  which  overhangs  water.  Amer. 
Ent.  and  Bot.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  119-120.  [Facts  and 
arguments  to  prove  that  trees  planted  over  water  are  not  pro- 
tected from  Conotrachclus  nenuphar.} 

Radish  maggots.  Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  pp. 
273-274-  [Abundance  of  Antlwinyia  raphani;  food  habits.] 

Chip-trap  Curculio  catching.  Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July-August.  1870, 
v.  2,  p.  274.  [St.  Joseph  methods  applicable  in  the  early  days 
of  the  season  only.] 


Occurrence  of  a  European  Anthomyiid  in  Illinois  (Diptera). 

On  August  24,  1917,  in  company  with  T.  H.  Prison,  I  captured 
on  the  shore  of  Lake  Michigan  a  large  series  of  a  very  pale  colored 
anthomyiid  fly  that  structurally  very  closely  resembles  the  common 
cilicrura  Zetterstedt.  On  making  a  careful  examination  of  the  species 
I  identified  it  as  Phorbia  albula  Zetterstedt,  a  species  recorded  as 
occurring  on  sandy  soils  in  Europe.  The  species  was  found  on  the 
bare  sand  along  the  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  north  of  Waukegan.  and 
was  very  common.  Owing  to  its  very  pale  color  it  was  very  difficult 
to  see  the  insect  on  the  dry  sand,  but  large  numbers  could  be  taken 
by  sweeping  with  the  net  very  close  to  the  ground.  Along  with  this 
species  were  two  others,  Phyllogastcr  littoralis  Malloch  and  Tetra- 
mcrinx  brcvicornis  Malloch,  both  of  which  were  much  scarcer  than 
albula. — J.  R.  MALLOCH,  Urbana,  Illinois. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  JANUARY,    1918. 

The  Present  Crisis. 

When  we  consider  the  vast  number  of  deaths  from  diseases 
in  previous  wars,  many  of  which  diseases  we  now  know  to  be 
wholly  or  largely  diffused  by  insects ;  when  we  reflect  on  the 
illness  and  death  borne  by  these  creatures  to  our  civilian  pop- 
ulation even  in  times  of  peace ;  when  we  think  of  the  truly 
enormous    injuries    inflicted    on    our    crops,    our    forests,    our 
stored  food  and  our  clothing,  we  must  admit  that  insects  exert 
an  influence  on  civilization  that  has  been  totally,  or  almost 
totally,  ignored  by  the  professed  historians  of  that   subject. 
We  must  also  concede  the  immense  importance  of  entomolog- 
ical science  (i)  in  discriminating  the  kinds  of  insects,  for  not 
all  of  those  even  closely  allied  are  detrimental  to  human  in- 
terests;   (2)    in  elucidating  their  physiology  and  life-history, 
whereby  alone  we  perceive  their  points  of  vulnerability,  and 
(3)   in  learning  their  relations  to  the  rest  of  the  world  and 
its   changes,   including   its   plant    and    its   animal    inhabitants. 
Unquestionably  there  is  very  much  yet  to  be  learned  in  all  of 
these  fields. 

The  application  of  these  general  conclusions  to  the  present 
crisis  manifestly  demands  that  all  the  insect  problems  which 
in  any  way  touch  upon  the  health  and  efficiency  of  the  army 
and  of  the  navy  and  of  the  civilian  population  which  stands 
back  of  and  supports  them,  should  be  investigated  by  men 
trained  in  entomological  work. 

Will  we  heed  and  put  to  good  results  our  previous  lessons 
on  insects  and  human  mortality  in  war? 

Knowledge  comes  hut  wisdom  lingers,  and  he  hears  a  laden  hrra>t 
Full  of  sad  experience  passing   to — the  stillness  of  his   rest. 

33 


34  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Jan.,  '18 

New  Color  for  Clothing  Suggested  by  Butterfly  (Lep.). 

One  of  the  more  than  30.000  butterflies  that  make  up  the  collection 
of  Prof.  Levi  W.  Mengel,  curator  of  the  Reading,  Pennsylvania', 
Museum,  auxiliary  to  the  public  school  system,  was  used  in  the  de- 
velopment of  a  new  color,  woven  gray  with  white,  to  be  exploited 
shortly  by  a  New  York  textile  firm.  Agents  of  the  concern  went  over 
the  collection  and  found  the  shade  among  specimens  that  had  not 
yet  been  placed  on  exhibition.— Public  Ledger,  Philadelphia,  October 

30,  IQI?. 

— •  <•»  • — 

Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record, 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

2 — Transactions  American  Entomological  Society,  Philadelphia. 
3 — The  American  Naturalist.  5 — Psyche.  6 — Journal,  New  York 
Entomological  Society.  9 — The  Entomologist,  London.  11 — An- 
nals and  Magazine  of  Natural  History,  London.  13 — Comptes 
Rendus,  Societe  de  Biologic,  Paris.  76 — Journal,  Cincinnati  Soci- 
ety of  Natural  History.  90 — Revue  Scientifique,  Paris.  99 — Cor- 
nell University  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Ithaca.  161— 
Proceedings,  Biological  Society  of  Washington.  198 — Biological 
Bulletin,  Marine  Biological  Laboratory,  Woods  Hole,  Mass.  240— 
Maine  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Orono.  264 — Boletin  del 
Ministerio  de  Agricultura  de  la  Nacion,  Buenos  Aires.  355 — Smith- 
sonian Institution  Report,  Washington,  D.  C.  404 — Report  of  the 
Quebec  Society  for  the  Protection  of  Plants.  447 — Journal  of 
Agricultural  Research,  Washington.  519 — The  Scientific  Monthly, 
Lancaster,  Pa.  548 — Physis,  Revista  de  la  Sociedad  Argentina  de 
Ciencias  Naturales.  554 — Quarterly  Bulletin,  State  Plant  Board  of 
Florida,  Gainesville. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Berlese,  A.— Gli  insetti  loro  organizza- 
zione,  sviluppo,  abitudini  e  rapporti  coH'uomo  (Vol.  II,  fuse.  11-13). 
B ouvier,  E.  L.— The  life  and  work  of  J.  H.  Fabrc,  355,  l!Hr>,  5S7-97. 
Drz,  A. — Polyembryonie  et  determinisme  du  sexe,  90,  11)17,  ;V.Ki-7. 
Felt,  E.  P. — Entomological  research  and  utility,  519,  v,  551-3. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  35 

Huard,  V.  A. — Historical  notes  on  entomology  in  the  Province  of 
Quebec,  404,  ix,  54-0.  Jorgensen,  P. — Zoocecidios  argentinos,  548, 
iii,  1-29.  Lahille,  F. — Nota  sobre  una  larva  de  insecto  de  respira- 
cion  branquial.  548,  iii,  247-8.  Robertson,  C. — Flowers  and  insects, 
XX:  Evolution  of  entomophilous  flowers.  Botanical  Gaz.,  Ixiii, 
307-16. 

PHYSIOLOGY  AND   EMBRYOLOGY.  Hegner,   R.  W.— The 

genesis    of    the    organization    of    the    insect  egg,    II,    3,    li,    705-18. 

Porter,  L.  T. — The  spermatocytic  divisions  of  Leptocoris  haema- 
toloma,  198,  xxxiii,  316-20. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Longinos  Navas,  R.  P.— Algunos  in- 
sectos  Neuropteros  de  la  Argentina,  548,  iii,  186-96. 

HEMIPTERA.  Baker,  A.  C.— Life  history  of  Macrosiphum 
illinoisensis,  the  grapevine  aphis,  447,  xi,  83-90.  Deletang,  L. — 
Sobre  la  presencia  de  "B^lostoma  grande  L"  en  Tucuman,  548, 
iii,  99.  Lizer,  C. — Description  d'une  nouvelle  espece  d'Eriophyde 
(Eriophyes  brethesi).  Une  nouvelle  variete  de  "Chrysomphalus 
obscurus"  (Coccidae)  (Chrysomphalus  obscurus  var.  lahillei).  De- 
scription du  male  de  "Icerya  subandina,"  548,  iii,  241-44;  245-7. 
Wilson,  C.  E. — Some  Florida  scale-insects,  554,  ii,  2-65. 

Knight,  H.  H. — A  revision  of  the  genus  Lygus  as  it  occurs  in 
America,  north  of  Mexico,  with  biological  data  on  the  species  from 
New  York  [many  new],  99,  Bui.  No.  391.  Osborn  &  Drake- 
Notes  on  Tingidae  [1  new],  5,  1917,  155-61. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Hampson,  G.  F.— Description  of  new  Pyra- 
lidae  of  the  subfamily  Pyraustinae,  11,  xx,  369-84  (cont.)-  Ihering, 
R. — Observacoes  sobre  a  mariposa  Myelobia  smerintha  em  Sao 
Paolo,  548,  iii,  60-8.  Lister,  J.  J. — Note  on  the  influence  of  tem- 
perature on  the  development  of  pigment  in  Pieris  rapae,  9,  1917, 
241-4. 

DIPTERA.  Brethes,  J. — Description  d'une  nouvelle  espece  de 
moustique  de  Buenos  Aires.  Sur  une  cecidie  de  "Physalis  viscosa": 
description  de  la  cecidie  et  de  la  Cecidomyie,  548,  iii,  226-9;  239-41. 
Joan,  T. — Xota  sobre  tin  estado  larvario  del  Gastrophilus  nasalis, 
264,  xxi,  42-5.  Marchand,  W. — Notes  on  the  habits  of  the  snow-fly 
(Chionea)  [European  species  especially],  5,  1917,  142-5!!.  Notes 
on  the  early  stages  of  Chrysops,  6,  1917,  149-63.  Serie,  P. — Obser- 
vation biologica  sobre  la  culebra  aglifa  "Liophis  poecilogyrus," 
548,  iii,  237-.S.  Severin,  H.  H.  P. — Life  history,  habits,  natural  ene- 
mies and  methods  of  control  of  the  currant  fruit  fly  (Epochra 
canadensis),  240,  Fhil.  264.  Thompson,  W.  R. — Sur  un  diptere 
parasite  des  isopodes  terrestres,  13,  Ixxx.  7S5-88. 


36  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [  Jan.,  'l8 

Felt,  E.  P.— New  gall  midges  [2  new],  6,  1917,  193-6.  Johnson, 
C.  W. — A  new  sp.  of  Criorhina  from  New  England,  5,  1917,  153-4. 
Metcalf,  C.  L. — Syrphidae  of  Maine,  2d  series:  Life  history  studies 
[1  new],  240,  Bui.  263.  Smith,  H.  E.— Five  n.  sp.  North  American 
Tachinidae,  5,  1917,  137-41.  Townsend,  C.  H.  T.— Genera  of  the 
dipterous  tribe  Sarcophagini  [20  n.  g. ;  6  n.  sp.],  161,  xxx,  189-98. 

COLEOPTERA.     Bruch,  C.— Metamorfosis  de  Pachyschelus  un- 

dularius.     Insectos  mirmecofilos,  548,  iii,  30-6;   141-9.     Frers,  A.  G. 

—Dos  palabras  mas  acerca  de  las  variaciones  de  "Lema  orbignyi" 

Guer.,   548,  iii,   220-3.     Tremoleras,  J. — Sobre   cuatro   casos   terato- 

logicos  en  coleopteros,  548,  iii,  94-6. 

Dury,  C. — Synopsis  of  the  coleopterous  family  Cisidae  (Cioidae) 
of  North  America  [2  n.  g.,  26  n.  sps.],  76,  xxii,  1-27.  Fall,  H.  C. — 
New  Dytiscidae  [25  new],  6,  1917,  163-82.  Schaeffer,  C.— On  Me- 
rium  and  some  blue  Callidium  [2  new],  6,  1917,  183-7. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Brethes,  J.— Descripcion  de  dos  nuevos  hi- 
menopteros  de  Buenos  Aires;  548,  iii,  90-1.  Bruch,  C. — La  forma 
sexuada  femenina  de  "Cryptocerus  ridiculus,"  548,  iii,  269-70. 
Frers,  A.  G. — Cuatro  himenopteros  parasites  de  "Pachodynerus 
argentinus"  Saus.  o  de  "Trypoxylon  platense"  Brethes,  548,  iii, 
88-9.  Gallardo,  A. — Notes  critiques  sur  les  "Formicides  sud-ameri- 
cains  nouveaux  ou  peu  connus  du  Dr.  Santschi,"  548,  iii,  48-51. 
Holmberg,  E.  L. — U~n  caso  de  mimetismo  en  las  Abejas,  548,  iii, 
234-7.  Turner,  R.  E. — On  Psammocharidae  in  the  Br.  Museum, 
11,  xx,  357-60. 

Cockerell,  T.  D.  A. — Collecting  bees  in  southern  Texas  [6  new], 
6,  1917,  187-93.  Viereck,  H.  L. — New  species  of  No.  American  bees 
of  the  genus  Andrena  [many  new],  2,  1917,  365-407. 


Doings  of  Societies. 


American  Entomological  Society. 

Meeting  of  October  26,  1917,  in  the  hall  of  The  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia.  Dr.  Henry  Skinner,  President,  in 
the  Chair,  eight  persons  present. 

Lepidoptera.— Mr.  Baylis  exhibited  specimens  of  Clilorippc  ccltis 
collected  at  Perkiomen,  Pennsylvania,  and  some  Heterocera  collected 
at  Lake  Pocono.  Mr.  Williams  made  some  remarks  on  the  male 
genitalia  of  the  genus  Thanaos,  and  gave  the  following  records  of 
species  determined  genitalically :  burycssi  (not  brizn),  Jemez  Moun- 
tains, New  Mexico,  iv,  27  to  v,  24  (Woodgate)  ;  Hints,  Santa  Cruz, 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  37 

vi-6,  and  Dormer  Lake,  vii-6  (Dodge),  California;  jnrcnalis  (not 
propertius),  Jemez  Mountains,  New  Mexico,  iv  to  vi,  25  (Woodgate, 
and  Louisiana,  Missouri,  v,  21  (Dodge);  propertius,  Salem,  Oregon, 
vi,  26  (Dodge);  clitus,  Garcia,  Arizona,  v  (Biedermann )  ;  tcrenthis, 
Tampa,  Florida,  i,  30  (Williams):  funcralis,  Jemez  Mountains,  New 
Mexico,  viii,  30  to  ix,  15  (Woodgate),  and  Woodward,  Oklahoma, 
vii,  20  (Dodge).  He  also  called  attention  to  Thanaos  pacuvius  God- 
man-Salvin  (Biol.  Cent.  Am.  Rhop.  T.  91  fig.  17)  (not  Lintner), 
which  is  scudderi  Skinner. 

Mr.  Laurent  explained  an  easy  and  satisfactory  method  of  clean- 
ing greasy  Lepidoptera.  White  blotting  paper  is  placed  on  each  side 
of  the  groove  of  a  setting  board:  the  specimen  to  be  cleansed  is  then 
placed  in  position  with  the  under  side  of  the  wings  resting  on  the 
paper.  Blotting  paper  is  now  placed  over  the  upper  surface  of  the 
wings,  and  white  twine  is  wrapped  around  board,  paper  and  specimen 
to  keep  every  thing  in  place.  Gasoline  is  gently  poured  over  the 
blotting  paper,  being  careful  that  none  gets  on  the  body  of  the  speci- 
men. This  specimen  is  then  placed  in  a  box  until  the  gasoline  has 
evaporated,  which  takes  but  a  few  hours.  At  the  end  of  this  time  if 
the  grease  has  not  all  been  absorbed  by  the  blotting  paper,  the  opera- 
tion should  be  repeated,  using  fresh  paper.  After  the  second  operation, 
if  not  the  first,  we  will  find  our  specimen  as  bright  and  clean  as  the 
day  it  was  captured. 

General.-  Mr.  Rehn  spoke  on  the  United  States  Government's  publi- 
cations on  Life  Zones,  and  especially  referred  to  the  recently  pub- 
lished valuable  Report  on  Life  Zones  of  Wyoming.  He  remarked 
en  the  close  affinity  between  insect  forms  on  the  costal  strip  of  Cali- 
fornia and  those  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  range  in  that  State.  Dr.  Skin- 
rier  gave  a  talk,  illustrated  by  lantern  slides,  on  economic  entomology, 
particularly  illustrating  the  local  crusade  against  mosquitoes. — R.  C. 
WILLIAMS,  JR.,  Secretary. 


Entomological    Section,    The    Academy    of    Natural    Sciences     of 

Philadelphia. 

Meeting  of  September  27,  1917,  Vice  Director  R.  C.  Wilbams,  Jr., 
presiding,  nine  persons  present. 

Odonata. — Dr.  Calvert  spoke  of  the  value  of  larval  exuviae  in  the 
study  of  geographical  distribution  as  they  furnish  positive  data  that 
the  species  breed  where  the  exuviae  are  found  and  are  often  obtain- 
able when  the  images  are  not  visible.  He  illustrated  these  remarks 
by  exhibiting  a  small  collection  which  he  had  made  at  a  pond  near  the 
ice-house,  at  an  elevation  of  3200  feet,  on  Mt.  Greylock,  Massachusetts, 
July  27,  1917,  between  2  and  4  p.  m.  The  ima^os  secured  were  of  7 
species  (Enallagma  cbriuin,  \\-halennia  ircnc,  Isclnnini  rcrticalis, 


38  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'l8 

Aeshna  interrupta  interrupta,  Cordnlia  shurtlcffi,  Lcucorhinia  intacta, 
Sympetrum  rubicundulum) ;  only  one  specimen  of  the  Aeshna  was 
captured,  although  one  or  two  more  may  have  been  seen.  The  exu- 
viae collected  were  of  N.  irene,  Ae.  interrupta  interrupta,  L.  intacta? 
and- of  two,  or  possibly  three,  additional  species  of  Aeshna:  umbrosa. 
canadensis  and  something  near  interrupta.  He  called  attention  to  the 
interesting  position  of  Mt.  Greylock  at  the  southern  end  of  an  arm  of 
the  Canadian  zone,  as  shown  on  the  map  accompanying  Prof.  A.  P. 
Morse's  article  on  the  distribution  of  New  England  Locusts  (Psyche, 
viii,  315,  February,  1899). 

Orthoptera. — Mr.  Rehn  spoke  about  the  collecting  trip  which  he 
and  Mr.  Hebard  made  in  Central  Florida  this  summer,  and  stated 
that  several  new  forms  of  the  interesting  genus  Bcllaccphala  were 
found,  of  which  over  350  specimens  were  collected.  Stopping  off  at 
Rabun  Bald,  Georgia,  on  their  way  home,  some  interesting  catches  in 
the  genus  Conocephalus  were  made. 

Lepidoptera.-  Dr.  Skinner  exhibited  two  specimens,  supposed  to  be 
Papilio  machaonidcs,  collected  in  Hayti  and  Tortugas  Island,  which 
showed  several  marked  differences  that  may  prove  to  be  of  systematic 
value;  he  also  spoke  about  the  collection  made  by  Dr.  Win.  L.  Abbott 
in  these  localities  this  summer.  Mr.  Williams  made  some  interesting 
remarks  on  the  genus  Hespcria,  especially  regarding  characters  pos- 
sessed by  the  genitalia  and  illustrated  them  by  drawings.  He  stated 
that,  based  on  the  genitalic  characters,  occidcntalis  seems  to  be  dis- 
tinct from  tcsscllata.  'Mr.  Rehn  cautioned  about  the  use  of  the  second- 
ary sexual  characters  in  generic  separation,  making  special  reference 
to  the  costal  fold  in  certain  Hesperidae,  and  illustrated  his  remarks  by 
reference  to  some  secondary  characters  that  proved  not  to  lie  even  of 
specific  value  in  Orthoptera. — E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Recorder. 


Entomological  Society  of  Nova  Scotia.  A   Correction. 

EDITOR,  Entomological  News :  Last  year,  with  a  view  of  increasing 
the  membership  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Nova  Scotia,  I  sent 
copies  of  the  Annual  Report  to  our  local  members  and  others,  whom 
I  thought  might  be  interested,  enclosing  a  circular  letter  setting  forth 
the  aims  and  scope  of  the  society.  Through  a  mistake  in  the  mailing 
department  a  number  of  these  letters  were  enclosed  with  copies 
going  outside  the  province.  This  has  led  to  some  misunderstanding 
and  the  impression  has  gone  abroad  that  we  are  soliciting  for  member- 
ship outside  the  province,  which  is  not  the  case. 

More  unfortunately  still,  a  copy  of  this  letter,  intended  only  for 
residents  of  Nova  Scotia,  was  published  in  full  in  the  November,  1917, 
issue  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Vol.  xxix  |  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  39 

I  would  he  glad  if  yon  would  correct  the  wrong  impression  to  which 
this  has  given  rise  as,  while  we  are  pleased  to  arrange  exchanges  with 
other  entomological  journals,  we  are  not  looking  for  membership 
outside  the  province.  The  information  regarding  membership  in  the 
society  contained  in  the  circular  referred  to,  applies  only  to  residents 
of  Novia  Scotia. — W.  H.  BRITTAIN,  Secretary. 


Feldman  Collecting  Social. 

Meeting  of  April  18,  1917,  at  the  home  of  H.  W.  Wenzel,  5614 
Stewart  Street,  Philadelphia;  ten  members  present.  President  Wen/.el 
in  the  chair. 

Lepidoptera. — Mr.  Laurent  said  that  on  his  recent  trip  to  Florida. 
Lepidoptera  were  abundant  but  difficult  to  catch,  owing  to  the  absence 
of  flowers:  the  only  species  he  captured  worthy  of  mention  was 
I.iincnitis  Ursula  Gdt.,  taken  in  Levy  County,  which  he  has  taken 
before,  but  not  in  Florida. 

Coleoptera. — The  same  speaker  said  he  had  tried  traps,  but  some 
animals  either  licked  the  molasses  out  of  the  jars  or  dug  them  com- 
pletely out  of  the  ground.  Mr.  H.  W.  Wen/.el  said  he  always  thought 
that  Dvnastes  tityus  Linn,  was  found  around  the  roots  of  trees,  but 
a  lady  in  Southern  Pines,  North  Carolina,  where  he  had  just  come 
from,  had  seen  them  eating  apples  and  had  sent  for  Mr.  Manee,  who 
collected  over  two  hundred  and  had  collected  over  five  hundred  on 
the  only  ash  tree  in  that  part;  they  fly  to  the  branches,  scratch  the 
bark  and  apparently  suck  the  sap.  Mr.  G.  M.  Greene  said  on  his  first 
day  in  Virginia  this  year,  April  isth,  he  had  collected  on  Miner's  Hill, 
back  of  East  Falls  Church,  fourteen  specimens  of  Pytho  plaints  Oliv., 
(amcricanus  Kirby)  under  pine  bark;  at  the  same  place,  April  i/th, 
he  had  collected  in  the  wagon  ruts  three  specimens  of  Tricrania 
sanguinipcnnis  Say. — G.  M.  GREENE,  Secretary. 


Meeting  of  May  16,  1917,  at  the  same  place,  seven  members  present, 
President  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Lepidoptera.- Mr.  Daecke  stated  that  he  took  a  female  specimen  of 
Danais  archippus  Fabr.  at  Rockville,  Pennsylvania,  April  29,  1017; 
he  said  that  while  it  is  well  known  that  females  of  this  species  return 
in  the  spring  from  the  South,  the  date,  April  29th,  is  remarkably  early, 
and  it  would  seem  that  this  specimen  hibernated  in  the  North;  he 
also  exhibited  a  specimen  of  Bomolocha  tarcuta  Grt.,  taken  at  Rock- 
ville, April  29,  1917,  and  a  specimen  of  Placjodis  altruaria  Pears., 
collected  by  Prof.  Sanders  at  Dauphin.  Pennsylvania,  April  27,  1917. 

Coleoptera.— Mr.  H.  W.  Wenzel  said  he  had  taken  the  usual  spring 
Buprestids  on  several  trips  to  Malaga,  New  Jersey,  April  22d  and  29th 
and  May  7th;  species  taken  included  Clnilcophara  libcna  Germ.,  Diccrca 


JtO  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Jan.,  'iS 

pwictn1ata   Sch.,   and   Buprestis  nltraniarina   Say. — J.   W.   GREEN,  Asst. 
Secretary.  

Meeting  of  June  20,  1917,  at  the  same  place,  nine  members  present, 
President  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Coleoptera.-  Mr.  Daecke  reported  taking  in  numbers  Anthrcnus 
verbose i  Linn,  on  pink  Splrea  in  his  garden  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsyl- 
vania, on  June  18,  1917,  and  suggested  that  it  would  be  an  economic 
feature  to  have  Splrea  growing  and  collect  and  destroy  this  species; 
also  stated  that  Prof.  Sanders  had  determined  the  following  species 
of  Lachnostcrna:  L.  inversa,  tristis  crcnulata,  gibbosa,  arcuata,  fusca 
and  hirticula  feeding  on  willow  at  Chestnut  Hill,  Pennsylvania,  June 
13,  1917,  L.  implicita  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  /,.  dubia,  inversa, 
fusca,  hirticula  and  gibbosa  at  Northbrook,  Pennsylvania,  June  9,  1917, 
and  L.  fusca,  dubia.  illicis  and  gibbosa  at  Punxsutawney,  Pennsylvania, 
June  14,  1917.  Dr.  Castle  reported  taking  Brachystilits  acutus  at 
Glasgow,  Delav;are,  June  8,  1917.  Mr.  Wenzel  reported  the  capture  of 
Buprestis  nltraniarina  at  Whitneys,  New  Jersey,  May  20,  1917. — FRANK 
HAIMBACH,  Secy,  pro  tern. 

Meeting  of  September  18,  1917,  at  the  same  place,  eight  members 
present,  President  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Lepidoptera.-' Mr.  H.  A.  Wenzel  spoke  of  a  flight  of  Danais  arcJiip- 
pus  on  September  4th  at  Ocean  City,  New  Jersey;  they  were  flying  in 
a  southwesterly  direction;  toward  evening  he  observed  them  settling 
on  a  tree,  and  there  were  so  many  specimens  that  the  tree  was  prac- 
tically obscured.  Mr.  Daecke  exhibited  Brotolomia  iris,  which  Dr. 
Castle  beat  from  oak  at  Linglestown,  June  28,  1917,  a  specimen  of 
Hacmatopis  ijrataria  forma  aunctaria  Haimbach,  taken  at  Pextang, 
Aug.  I,  1917.  and  Pamphila  sassacns,  taken  at  Inglenook,  June  3,  1917, 
all  in  Pennsylvania. 

Orthoptera. — Mr.  Huntington  spoke  of  a  plague  of  locusts  that  he 
observed  on  the  outskirts  of  Pottstown,  Pennsylvania,  on  September 
10,  1917;  entire  fields  were  cleaned  out. 

Coleoptera. — Mr.  H.  W.  Wenzel  exhibited  a  collection  made  this 
year  by  himself  and  son,  H.  A.  Wen/eel,  of  South  Jersey  Cicindelidae, 
nearly  300  specimens,  14  species.  Among  them  was  the  minute  form 
of  C.  hirticollis  from  Ocean  City,  August  2oth.  Dr.  Castle  reported 
that  collecting  has  been  very  poor  this  year;  he  had  taken  Goes  tcssel- 
lata  at  Hayden,  Maryland,  on  June  22,  1917. 

Diptera. —  Mr.  Daecke  exhibited  Hacmatopola  punclulata,  collected 
by  Prof.  Sanders  at  Weaver,  Pennsylvania,  June  24,  1917. — FRANK 
HAIMBACH,  Secy,  pro  tern. 


The  number  of  the  NEWS  for  December,   1917,  was  mailed  at  the 
Philadelphia   Post    Office   on    December  7,  11)17. 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  01  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42J  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  18! 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  News,  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork ;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13x2i  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX. — We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

~~ WARD'S 

Natural  Science  Establishment 

84-102  COLLEGE  AVENUE.  ROCHESTER.  N.  Y. 

We  are  the  "Headquarters"  for  Entomological  supplies 
and  specimens. 

The  only  genuine  Schmitt  insect  boxes  and  American 
Entomological  Company's  insect  pins  are  manufactured 
by  us.  Best  service  in  getting  spreading  boards,  breed- 
ing cages,  Riker  mounts  and  botanical  presses. 

Over  200  different  life  histories  of  insects  of  economic 
and  other  importance  furnished  by  us. 

Collections  of  mimicry  and  color  protection,  seasonal  and 
sexual  dimorphism. 

Send  for  list  129b  with  many  desirable  chances  of  Lepi- 
doptera  from  Peru. 


Ward's  Natural  Science  Establishment 

FOUNDED  1862  INCORPORATED   189O 

When  Writing  Fleaae  Mention  "  Entomological  News." 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  aniathonte 

sulkowskyi  Caligo'spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Urania  boisduvali 
Erinyis  guttalaris 
Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 

From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


Papilio  columbus 
"       andraemon 
"       celadon 
"       devilliersi 

From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  Lepidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

"       philoxenus  Brahraaea  wallachi 

And   Many   Other  Showy  Species 

From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Armandia  lidderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES    OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   SUPPLIES   AND    SPECIMENS 
ON    APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D.  404-410  W.  27th  Street 


FEBRUARY,   1918. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.   XXIX.  No. 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 
1808- I £69. 


PHILIP    P.  CALVERT,   Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRES5ON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 

HKNKY  SKINNER,  M.U.,  Sc.D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 

KZKA    T.    CRHSSON.  J.    A.    G.    REHN. 

PHIMl-    T  AI'RENT.  ERICH    DAECKH.  H.    W.    WENZEL 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

THE  ACADEMY  OK  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 
LOGAN  SQUARE. 

Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post-Office  as  Second-Class  Matter. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

published  monthly,  excepting  August  and  September,  in  charge  of  the  Entomo- 
logical Section  of  The  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia, 
and  The  American  Entomological  Society. 

ANJS  UAL,  SUBSCRIPTION,  $2.OO  IN  ADVANCE. 

SINGLE   COPIES   34   CENTS. 

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ment taken  for  less  than  |i.oo — Cash  in  advance. 


All  remittances,  and  communications  regarding  subscriptions,  non-receipt 
of  the  NEWS  or  of  reprints,  and  requests  for  sample  copies,  should  be 
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complaints  regarding  non-receipt  of  issues  of  the  NEWS  should  be  pre- 
sented within  three  months  from  date  of  mailing  of  the  issue.  After  that 
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all  other  communications  to  the  editor,  Dr.  P.  P.  Calvert,  4515 
Regent  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  from  September  isth  to  June  isth,  or  at 
the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  from  June  15th  to  September  isth. 


TO  CONTRIBUTORS.—  All  contributions,  will  be  considered  and  passed 
.upon  at  our  earliest  convenience,  and,  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published 
according  to  date  of  reception  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a 
circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumference,  as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put 
'  copy"  for  each  number  into  the  hands  of  the  printer  four  weeks  before  date 
of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  important  matter 
for  a  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras,"  without  change  in  form  and  without 
covers,  will  be  given  free,  when  they  are  wanted  ;  if  more  than  twenty-five 
c  >pies  are  desired,  this  should  be  stated  on  the  MS.  The  receipt  of  all  papers 
will  be  acknowledged.  Proof  will  be  sent  to  authors  for  correction  only  when 
specially  requested. 

*  SPECIAL  NOTICE  TO  AUTHORS 

Owing  to  increased  cost  of  labor  and  materials,  only  one  plate  (of  line- 
engravings  only)  will  be  published  in  each  issue  of  the  NEWS  during  1918, 
except  where  authors  furnish  the  necessary  blocks,  or  pay  in  advance*the  cost 
of  making  blocks  and  pay  for  the  cost  of  printing  the  plates.  Information  as 
to  the  cost  will  be  furnished  in  each  case  on  application  to  the  Editor. 
Blocks  furnished  or  paid  for  by  authors  will,  of  course,  be  returned  to  authors 
after  publication. 

F^"  The  printer  of  the  NEWS  will  furnish  reprints  of  articles  over  and  above  the  twenty-five 
given  free  at  the  following  rates:  Each  printed  page  or  fraction  thereof,  twenty-five  copies, 
15  cents  ;  each  half  tone  plate,  twenty-five  copies,  20  cents;  each  plate  of  line  cuts,  twenty- 
five  copies,  15  cents  ;  greater  numbers  of  copies  will  be  at  the  corresponding  multiples  of 
these  rates. 

500   PIN-LABELS,  25  CENTS!     All  Alike  on  a  Strip. 

Smallest  Type.     Pure  White  Ledger  Paper.     Not  Over  4  Lines  or  30  Characters  (  13  to  a  Line) 
Additional  characters  1c.  each,  per  Line,  per  500,  Trimmed. 

C.  V.  BLACKBURN,  12  Pine  St.,  STONEHAM,  MASS.,  U.  S.  A. 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  II. 


DINAPATE    WRIGHTII-GARNETT. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.     XXIX. 


FEBRUARY,   1918. 


No.   2. 


CONTENTS: 


Garnett — Notes  on  Dinapate  wrightii 
Horn  (Col.) 41 

Skinner — Selenis  sueroides  (  Lep. ) 44 

Van  Duzee — New  North  American  Spe- 
cies of  Dolichopodidae  (  Diptera ). . .  45 

Barber— Corrections  to  "New  York  Sco- 
lopostethi "  (Family  Lygaeidae  : 
Heter.) 5: 

Van  Dyke — New  Species  of  Buprestidae 
(Col. )  from  the  Pacific  States— No.  2  53 

Cockerell— The  Bembicine  Wasps 
(  H ym. ) 59 

Cole — A  new  Genus  of  Cyrtidae  from 
South  America  ( Dip. ) 61 

Material  Desired  (Coleoptera) 64 

Girault— The  North  American  Species  of 
Cerchysius,  females  (  Hym.Chalcid. )  65 

Hebard — A  Correction  Concerning  La- 
bia  annulata  and  Labia  dorsalis 
Dermaptera  :  Labiidae) 66 

Skinner — Argynnis  apacheana,  a  new 
name  (  Lepid. ) 67 


Stout — Variation  in   Labial   Characters 
in  the  Nymph  of  Gomphus  spicatus 

(Odonata) 68 

Professor  F.  L.  Washburn  Ceases  to  be 

State  Entomologist 70 

Editorial — Entomology  at  the  Convoca- 
tion Week  Meetings 71 

Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 72 

Emergency  Entomological  Service 72 

Changes  of  Address 74 

Emerton — A  New  House  Spider  ( Aran.)  74 
Marlatt — Interrelations  of  Different  Spe- 
cies of  Insects  (  Horn.,  Col.,  Hym.)..  74 
Rau — Maternal  Care  in  Dinocoris  trip- 

terus  Fab.  (  Hem. ) 75 

Entomological  Literature. ...    76 

Doings  of  Societies — Entomological  So- 
ciety of  France 79 

Ent.  Sec.,  Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.  of  Phila. 

(Dip.,  Lep.,  Orth.) 79 

Obituary  Notes 80 


Notes  on  Dinapate  wrightii  Horn  (Col.).* 

By  RICHARD  T.  GARNETT,  Oakland,  California. 

(Plate  II.) 

This  extremely  rare  Bostrichid,  called  by  Hubbard  the 
"dodo"  of  Coleoptera,  was  taken  by  the  writer  in  Palm  Can- 
yon on  May  21  and  22,  1917.  Every  dead  or  unhealthy  speci- 
men of  the  palm,  li'ashincjtonia  filifcra,  in  Palm,  Murray,  and 
Andreas  Canyons  was  thoroughly  examined.  Of  these  only 
one  log  in  the  extreme  lo\ver  end  of  Palm  Canyon  contained 
the  beetle.  This  log,  covered  by  driftwood,  was  \vedged  into 
a  crevice  in  the  rock  strata  fifteen  feet  above  the  summer 
stream  level.  From  this  log  on  the  days  mentioned  133  adults, 

*Geo.  H.  Horn— Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  XIII,  1886,  pp.  1-4,  pi.  i. 
II.  G.   Hubbard— Proc.  Ent.   Soc.  Wash.,  Vol.  4,  pp.  228-230. 
H.  G.  Hubbard — Entomological  Xews,  1899,  Vol.  X,  No.  4,  pp  83-89. 
B.   Fenyes — Rovart.   Lapok,   VIII,   p.   4. 

P.  Lesne — Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Vol.  78,  1909,  pp.  473-477,  figs.  572 
&573- 


42  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

28  pupae  and  17  larvae  were  taken.  Of  the  adults  Si  were 
males  and  52  females.  When  the  log  was  discovered,  one 
adult  had  made  its  exit,  as  was  shown  by  the  freshly  bored 
exit  hole.  The  colony  therefore  totaled  179. 

Many  other  logs  in  these  three  canyons  had  exit  holes  in 
them,  but  with  the  exception  of  the  one  above  noted  all  were 
black  with  years  of  weathering.  The  average  number  of  exit 
holes,  making  a  count  of  20  trunks,  was  14,  the  highest  num- 
ber being  21  and  the  lowest  2.  A  great  many  must  perish  and 
decay  in  their  pupal  cells  if  the  colonies  average  anywhere 
nearly  as  many  as  the  one  which  I  found. 

A  few  of  the  adults  were  yet  soft  from  their  change  from 
the  pupae,  but  the  majority  were  hard  and  would  undoubtedly 
have  emerged  in  7-14  days.  Thus,  if  there  are  any  survivors 
of  this  species,  the  time  of  emergence  must  be  the  latter  part 
of  June  or  the  first  part  of  July. 

The  galleries  of  the  fully  grown  larvae  averaged  18  mm.  in 
diameter.  This  diameter  was  exceptionally  constant  for  larvae 
of  the  curled  type.  The  galleries  crossed  and  recrossed  each 
other  in  a  confused  manner,  practically  destroying  all  fibre 
in  the  region  attacked,  the  powdered  material  being  packed  ex- 
tremely compactly.  The  galleries  never  approached  closer 
than  an  inch  to  the  hard  outer  layer  of  the  trunk  and  the  very 
centre  of  the  log  for  six  inches  in  diameter  was  untouched. 
All  the  wood  in  between  was  completely  riddled  by  the  bor- 
ings. The  larvae  were  working  usually  at  a  depth  of  about 
3  to  7  inches  beneath  the  surface.  Although  the  position  of 
the  log  may  have  had  something  to  do  with  it,  almost  all  of 
the  pupal  chambers  were  either  parallel  to  the  surface  of  the 
log  or  nearly  so.  The  exit  holes  were  being  bored  almost 
perpendicularly  from  the  pupal  chamber  to  the  outside. 

Two  of  the  larvae  were  of  a  much  smaller  size  than  the 
rest,  thus  tending  to  show  that  the  life  cycle  is  at  least  of  two 
years'  duration. 

The  weakening  of  the  trunk  bv  the  galleries  often  causes 

o  - 

the  trees  to  fall,  19  logs  occurring  in  Palm  Canyon  alone.  A 
great  many  of  the  standing  trees  have  exits  visible  on  them, 
but  usually  only  two  or  three  per  tree,  most  of  them  situated 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  43 

within  ten  or  twelve  feet  of  the  ground,  although  a  few  were 
noted  near  the  tree  crown.  When  occurring  in  prostrate  logs, 
the  exit  holes  seemed  to  be  indiscriminately  dispersed. 

The  attacks  of  this  beetle  are  not  always  fatal  as  is  shown 
by  a  number  of  standing  and  perfectly  healthy  trees  with  exit 
holes  on  their  boles.  If  these  holes  are  numerous  the  tree  is 
generally  dead. 

In  the  larval,  and  possibly  the  pupal,  stages  this  insect  must 
be  very  resistant  to  water,  as  the  log  had  apparently  broken 
off  at  the  roots  during  the  winter  of  1916,  been  carried  down 
the  canyon  and  jammed  into  the  crevice  by  the  high  water.  In 
this  journey  down  the  stream  the  water  must  have  seeped  into 
the  interior  of  the  log.  A  live  larva  was  placed  in  water  and 
was  drowned  in  28  minutes.  This,  however,  is  a  more  severe 
test  of  vitality  than  the  water-soaked  log  was.  A  live  adult 
was  drowned  in  15  minutes  35  seconds.  Three  hours  in  a 
strong  cyanide  bottle  was  insufficient  to  kill  three  of  the  adults. 

Larva. — Robust,  ventrally  flat,  dorsally  convex;  yellowish  white, 
mandibles  black;  9  abdominal  segments,  3  thoracic;  clypeus  white, 
labrum  darker  and  on  anterior  two-thirds  densely,  finely  ciliate;  labium 
and  maxillae  white  with  a  line  along  their  base  chitinized;  antennae 
3-jointed,  bisetose  at  tip.  Body  covered  with  short  fine  silky  brown 
hair;  body  resembles  that  of  a  "white  grub"  being  curled,  however, 
the  anterior  segments  are  much  the  larger.  Legs  apparently  3-jointed 
(Horn  says  with  4  articulations),  tarsal  claw  one  and  cleft.  Length 
46-63  mm.  (All  measurements  following  are  from  the  anterior  mar- 
gin of  the  thorax  to  the  tip  of  elytra.) 

Pupa. — Resembles  the  adult,  white:  head,  thorax,  and  elytra  smooth, 
the  latter  bent  under  the  abdomen  between  the  middle  and  hind  pair 
of  legs;  the  most  prominent  costae  and  tubercles  usually  visible  on 
the  elytra;  dorsal  surface  of  the  meso-  and  meta-thorax  and  of  the 
abdomen  visible:  scutellum  prominent:  a  row  of  fine  recurved  teeth 
across  the  dorsal  side  of  each  abdominal  segment  except  the  last,  each 
row  situated  nearer  to  the  posterior  edge  of  the  segment  than  to  the 
anterior  and  on  an  elevated  ridge;  abdomen  Q-segmented;  on  the 
end  of  the  abdomen  is  attached  the  shriveled  larval  skin,  the  mandibles 
on  the  ventral  side.  Length  42-64  mm.,  width  15-20  mm. 

Adult. — Cylindrical,  shining  black:  head  concealed  from  above  by 
the  thorax;  antennae  to-jointed,  first  joint  elongate  and  stout,  over 
twice  as  long  as  the  second  joint  which  is  also  stout:  joints  3  to  7 
smaller  and  equal;  joints  8  to  10  much  wider  and  clavate,  8  and  9 


44  ENTOMOLOGICAL,    NEWS.  [Feb.,  'l8 

triangular,  10  more  rounded.  Eyes  large,  prominent.  Labrum  dis- 
tinct, anteriorly  ciliate  with  silky  brown  hair. 

Thorax  very  convex,  sparsely  clothed  laterally  with  short  brown 
hair;  middle  of  anterior  portion  without  the  distinct  bulge  shown  in 
Horn's  figure  of  adult  female;  posterior  half  granulate  with  a  median 
longitudinal  sulcus  smooth:  anterior  half  with  recurved  dentate  tuber- 
cles (teeth  less  pronounced  in  the  females),  the  extreme  anterior  edge 
granulate  only. 

Elytra  shining,  glabrous;  costae  4,  the  2  outer  indistinct;  intervals 
of  inner  2  costae  foveolate,  smoother  towards  sides;  the  2  inner 
costae  terminate  in  a  tubercle  (female),  and  in  a  robust  tooth  (male). 
Elytra  bent  downward  behind  the  upper  tubercle  at  an  angle  of 
45-60  degrees.  The  declivity  smooth  in  the  male,  granulate  in  the 
female. 

Abdomen  5-segmented,  all  segments  equal  and  fully  visible;  entire 
ventral  surface  covered  with  fine  silky  brown  pile. 

Legs  more  or  less  covered  with  hair,  front  coxae  prominent,  coni- 
cal, trochanters  prominent,  femora  stout,  tibiae  flat  and  acutely  dentate 
externally,  tarsi  5 -jointed,  claws  simple  and  arcuate,  5th  tarsal  joint 
with  a  bristle-bearing  pad. 

Length  38-51  mm.;  width  14-18  mm. 

The  adult  is  lumbering  in  its  movements  and  has  poor  eye- 
sight as  one  of  the  beetles  escaped  and  Avhile  in  flight  collided 
with  anything  that  came  in  its  path,  making  its  recapture  easy. 
Although  the  wings  are  well  developed,  the  heavy  body  im- 
pedes swift  and  unerring  flight. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  II. 
Dinapntc  wrightii  Horn. 

1.  Adults,  dorsal  view — X  26/25.      (Male  with  robust  elytral  tooth.) 

2.  Adults,  lateral  view — X  26/25. 

3.  Larvae  and  pupae — Natural  size. 

4.  Larval   gallery  in   wood   of    Washingtonia   filifcra — X   8/9. 


Selenis  sueroides  (Lep.). 

Mr.  J.  G.  Bonniwell  has  recently  sent  me  a  specimen  of  Sclenis  tnon- 
otropa  Grote.  It  is  labeled,  "Bradentown,  Florida,  ex  larva,  August 
I7th."  Mr.  Bonniwell  says:  "My  wife  and  I  have  raised  quite  a  few 
of  these  from  the  larvae.  It  feeds  on  a  variety  of  'sensitive  plant'  and 
penetrates  the  stem  to  make  its  pupa."  The  species  was  described  by 
Grote  in  the  Canadian  Entomologist,  1876,  vii,  209.  from  Texas.  We 
have  specimens  of  the  same  moth  from  Cuba,  in  the  Poey  Collection, 
under  the  name,  Sclenis  sueroides  Gueiiee.  S'ucroidcs  was  described 
in  1852. — HENRY  SKINNER. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  45 

New  North  American  Species  of  Dolichopodidae 

(Diptera). 

By  M.  C.  VAN  DUZEE,  Buffalo,  New  York. 

Parasyntorinon  lepus  sp.  nov.  (Fig.  1). 

$ — Length  2.75  mm.  Face  narrow,  with  gray  pollen;  front  brown 
with  brown  pollen,  wide:  antennae  black,  nearly  as  long  as  the  head, 
third  joint  nearly  straight  above,  rounded  below  with  a  pointed  tip, 
excised  above  so  as  to  have  the  tip  curved  upward  (Fig.  i),  arista 
inserted  on  the  upper  edge  at  the  point  where  the  excision  begins, 
shorter  than  the  third  joint;  orbital  cilia  Mack  above,  brown  below. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  bronze  black  with  brown  pollen  which  forms 
two  slight  vittae  in  front  with  a  shining  black  space  between;  pleurae 
black  with  gray  pollen. 

Abdomen  dark  coppery  almost  black  with  a  few  very  short  bristles 
at  tip:  venter  yellowish:  hypopygium  small,  its  appendages  are  a 
pair  of  slender,  nearly  straight,  pointed,  brownish  lamellae  which  are 
fringed  with  hair,  back  of  these  a  short  central  filament  about  the 
same  length  as  the  lamellae. 

Fore  coxae  yellow  with  their  bases  infuscated  and  with  black 
bristles;  middle  and  hind  coxae  black;  femora  yellow,  their  tops  black- 
ish: tibiae  yellowish,  the  hind  pair  darkened  towards  their  tips;  tarsi 
darkened  from  the  tip  of  the  first  joint;  middle  femora  with  a  small 
bristle  on  each  side  near  the  tip:  fore  femora  with  delicate  hairs  on 
the  lower  side  which  are  as  long  as  the  width  of  the  femora;  fore 
tibiae  with  a  small  bristle  before  the  middle;  middle  tibiae  with  two 
strong  bristles,  one  at  first  and  the  other  at  second  third:  hind  tibiae 
with  several  bristles;  fore  tibiae  about  as  long  as  the  first  three  joints 
of  their  tarsi;  first  joint  of  fore  tarsi  with  three  small  bristles  at 
base  below,  second  joint  a  little  widened  below,  third  and  fourth  joints 
about  equal  and  without  bristles. 

Halteres  and  tegulae  yellow,  the  latter  with  black  cilia.  Wings 
tinged  with  gray,  slightly  brownish  in  front  of  the  second  vein; 
second  and  third  veins  slightly  diverging:  fourth  vein  parallel  with 
third  and  ending  in  the  apex  of  the  wing. 

9 — Differs  from  the  description  given  above  in  not  having  the 
femora  blackened  above  except  the  hind  pair  at  tip:  the  front  tarsi 
are  plain;  the  face  wider:  and  third  antcnnal  joint  much  smaller. 

Described  from  one  male  and  one  female  in  my  collection, 
taken  at  Los  Cerritos,  Los  Angeles  County.  California,  March 
2 1  st. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL,    NEWS. 


[Feb.,'i8 


Hercostomus  unicolor  Loew. 

Dr.  J.  C.  Bradley  took  two  males  at  Blue  Lake,  Humboldt 
County,  California,  and  a  female  which  seems  to  belong  to 
this  species  in  Colorado.  I  took  both  males  and  females  at 
Kearney,  Ontario.  Loew  described  it  from  Hudson  Bay,  and 
Wheeler  from  Wisconsin. 

Asyndetus  appendiculatus  Loew. 

Dr.  J.  C.  Bradley  took  a  male  of  this  interesting  species 
at  St.  Petersburg,  Florida,  August  10,  1910.  Loew  described 
it  from  Rhode  Island. 

Tachytrechus  laticrus  Coquillett  (Figs.  3,  4). 

$ — Length  5.5  mm.  Face  covered  with  yellow  pollen  which  gives 
it  a  velvety  appearance,  rather  narrow  in  the  middle;  palpi  and  pro- 
boscis black;  antennae  wholly  yellow,  third  joint  rather  small,  slightly 
pointed;  arista  black,  dorsal,  with  a  small  lamella  at  tip,  about  as 
long  as  the  height  of  the  head;  front  black,  dulled  with  yellowish 
pollen;  ocellar  tubercle  prominent  with  two  large  bristles;  orbital  cilia 
black. 

Thorax  metallic  black  with  bluish  reflections  on  the  dorsum,  shin- 
ing but  dulled  with  brown  pollen  on  the  dorsum  and  silvery  pollen 
on  the  pleurae:  this  white  pollen  extends  along  the  front  over  the 
humeri  but  is  interrupted  before  reaching  the  acrostichal  bristles,  these 
bristles  small  but  forming  two  close  set  rows  which  reach  a  little  be- 
yond the  middle  of  the  dorsum;  scutellum  black  with  a  slight  de- 
pressed, pollinose  space  on  each  side,  leaving  a  flat,  shining,  raised 
space  in  the  center. 

Abdomen  metallic  greenish  black  with  considerable  white  pollen  on 
the  sides;  hypopygium  rather  large,  black,  shining  on  the  inner  -jide, 
covered  with  whitish  pollen  on  the  outer  surface;  lamellae  nearly 


Fig-.  i.—Parasyntormon  lepns  sp.  nov.,  antenna. 

Fig.  2. — Hydrophorus  cnriiipes  sp.  nov.,  fore  leg. 

Fig.  3. —  Tachytrechus  laticrus  Coq.,  fore  tibia. 

Fig.  4.—  "  "          Coq.,  fifth  tarsal  joint  of  fore  loot. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  47 

round,    black,    fringed    with    black    hairs,    inner    appendages    shining 
black. 

Coxae  black,  with  white  pollen;  fore  coxae  with  yellow  pollen  and 
black  hairs  and  bristles  on  the  front  surface;  femora  greenish  black 
with  white  pollen,  the  extreme  tips  yellow;  fore  tibiae  pale  yellow  with 
white  pollen,  much  flattened  .on  the  distal  two  thirds  (Fig.  3), 
inner  edge  of  the  flattened  portion  black  and  densely  fringed  with 
flattened,  black  bristles,  near  the  base  a  more  or  less  distinct  brown 
ring;  middle  tibiae  more  or  less  yellow  towards  the  base,  sometimes 
mostly  black;  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi  black;  middle  tarsi  somewhat 
yellowish  at  base:  fore  tarsi  with  the  first  joint  mostly  yellow,  the 
following  joints  brown,  last  tarsal  joint  as  figured  (Fig.  4),  claw 
with  a  very  small  tooth  at  base  which  would  be  difficult  to  see  if  the 
claw  was  not  in  a  favorable  position. 

Halteres  reddish  yellow;  tegulae  pale  yellow  with  black  cilia.  Wings 
grayish  hyaline,  slightly  darker  between  the  second  and  third  veins; 
tips  of  the  third  and  fourth  veins  nearer  together  than  in  the  other 
eastern  species,  about  as  in  T.  olympiac  Aid. 

9 — As  in  the  male  except  that  the  face  is  wider;  arista  plane,  nearly 
as  long  as  the  face;  pollen  of  the  face  and  fore  coxae  white;  fore 
tibiae  plane,  rather  stout,  yellowish,  more  brown  towards  the  tip,  with 
three  large  bristles  on  the  inner  and  five  on  the  outer  surface  (in  one 
specimen  there  is  an  extra  bristle  on  the  inner  side  of  one  tibia) ; 
ovipositor  black. 

My  specimens  were  taken  by  Mr.  Harbeck  at  Manahawkin, 
New  Jersey,  July  3Oth. 

1  publish  this  as  I  cannot  find  any  record  of  Mr.  Coquillett's 
describing  it,  and  probably  it  is  only  a  manuscript  name.  I 
am  using  the  name  he  gave  so  as  to  save  confusion,  as  this 
species  has  gone  into  several  collections  under  this  name. 

Paraclius  nigrocaudatus  sp.  nov. 

<J  — Length  3  mm.  A  blackish  species  with  black  legs.  Face  very 
narrow  below;  antennae  black,  third  joint  rather  large,  oval. 

Thorax  and  abdomen  dark  green,  last  segment  of  the  latter  cop- 
pery; hypopygium  small,  black,  its  lamellae  very  large,  nearly  as 
long  as  the  hypopygium,  half  as  wide  as  long,  black,  fringed  with  long 
black  hairs  on  the  edge  next  the  venter. 

Legs  wholly  black;  fore  tibiae  with  two  rather  large  bristles;  middle 
tibiae  with  five  or  six,  regularly  placed,  prominent  bristles  on  the  up- 
per front  edge;  hind  tibiae  thickened  with  stout  bristles. 

Teeular  pn!c  yellow  with  black  cilia:  knob  of  the  halteres  yellow, 
stem  darker.  YYimvs  strongly  tinged  with  brown  anteriorly,  more 


48  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb.,  'l8 

gray  posteriorly;  last  section  of  fourth  vein  nearly  straight,  approach- 
ing the  third  almost  from  the  cross-vein,  but  not  forming  an  angle 
where  it  bends  forward,  its  tip  near  the  tip  of  the  third  vein,  and 
far  before  the  apex  of  the  wing:  last  section  of  fifth  vein  about  two 
and  a  half  times  the  length  of  the  cross-vein. 

Described  from  one  male  taken  at  Beaver  Creek,  Montana, 
in  August,  by  S.  J.  Hunter,  at  an  elevation  of  6300  feet. 

This  species  and  also  P.  flavlcornls  sp.  nov.  described  in 
this  paper  have  the  venation  something  like  that  of  a  Medc- 
tcrus,  but  the  other  characters  are  those  of  a  Paraclhis. 

Type  in  the  Kansas  University  collection. 

'Paraclius  flavicornis  sp.  nov. 

3 Length  3.2  mm.     Face   silvery  white,  very  narrow  below;   front 

pale  green  with  thick  white  pollen;  lower  orbital  cilia  pale;  antennae 
yellow,  third  joint  not  much  darker  at  tip,  rather  small;  arista  black 
with  short  pubescence. 

Thorax   pale  green,  dulled  with   white  pollen. 

Abdomen  brighter  green  with  white  pollen  on  the  sides  and  with 
black  hairs;  hypopygium  black  with  green  reflections,  yellow  on  the 
side  next  to  the  venter  for  its  whole  length:  lamellae  small,  yellowish 
white  with  a  few  yellowish  and  a  few  black  hairs  at  tips. 

Coxae  and  legs  yellow:  fore  coxae  with  a  row  of  black  bristles  at 
tip;  middle  and  hind  coxae  each  with  a  black  bristle  on  outer  sur- 
face; middle  and  hind  femora  with  a  preapical  bristle;  fore  and  middle 
tarsi  scarcely  darker  at  tip:  tip  of  hind  tibiae  and  hind  tarsi  brown. 

Tegulae,  their  cilia  and  the  halteres  pale  yellow;  Wings  grayish 
hyaline;  veins  yellowish  brown,  yellow  at  the  root  of  the  wings; 
costa  darker;  fourth  vein  with  a  slight  bend  before  the  middle  of 
its  last  section;  third  and  fourth  veins  nearly  parallel  towards  their 
tips;  fourth  vein  ending  a  little  distance  before  the  tip  of  the  wing; 
last  section  of  the  fifth  vein  four  or  five  times  as  long  as  the  cross- 
vein. 

9 Length  3-4  mm.     Face  a  little  wider  than   in  the  male,  cilia  of 

the  tegulae  black;  otherwise  as  in  the  male. 

Described  from  two  males  and  two  females,  taken  at  Bill 
William's  Fork,  Arizona,  August  and  September,  by  F.  H. 

Snow. 

Type  in  the  Kansas  University  collection. 

Hydrophorus  curvipes  sp.  nov.  (Fig.  2). 

$  —Length  3.5  mm.,  of  wing  4  mm.  Face  broad,  bright  metallic 
green  with  scarcely  a  trace  of  brown  pollen;  front  dark  brown,  opaque; 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  49 

palpi  rather  small  black;  proboscis  large,  black;  cheeks  not  visible 
below  the  eyes;  below  the  proboscis  there  are  a  few  delicate  brown 
hairs;  occiput  green  but  so  thickly  covered  with  brown  pollen  that 
the  ground  color  is  scarcely  visible;  postorbital  bristles  extending  to 
about  the  middle  of  the  eye;  postvertical  bristles  about  four  on  each 
side,  forming  a  row  that  joins  the  postorbitals  both  ways;  in  place  of 
the  usual  beard  there  are  numerous  short  black  bristles;  antennae 
black  (third  joint  missing  in  the  described  specimen). 

Thorax  dark  brown  pruinose  with  slight  coppery  reflections,  the 
space  before  the  scutellum  greenish:  dorsum  with  two  dark  brown 
lines  which  reach  from  near  the  front  to  the  depressed  green  area; 
scutellum  with  one  pair  of  bristles;  pleurae  blackish,  opaque. 

Abdomen  brown  with  coppery  reflections  and  with  the  first  segment 
green,  clothed  with  short  black  hairs:  hypopygium  distinct,  nearly 
globular,  brown,  gray  pruinose  as  are  also  the  sides  of  the  abdomen. 

Coxae  black,  fore  pair  with  long,  delicate,  somewhat  brownish,  pale 
hairs  on  the  front  surface,  these  hairs  much  longer  towards  the  base; 
femora  dark  metallic  green,  fore  pair  thickened:  tibiae  and  tarsi  black; 
fore  tibiae  bent  near  the  apex,  contracted  at  the  bend  (Fig.  2),  tip 
enlarged,  a  close  row  of  bristles  on  the  lower  side  which  is  not  inter- 
rupted at  the  bend:  fore  metatarsi  nearly  one-half  as  long  as  the 
tibiae  and  about  as  long  as  the  remaining  four  joints  together,  bent 
and  with  a  cluster  of  bristles  on  the  inner  side  near  the  base. 

Tegulae  and  their  cilia  brownish  yellow;  halteres  yellow.  Wings 
smoky,  an  indistinct  brown  cloud  on  the  posterior  cross-vein:  veins 
black:  first  vein  short;  second  vein  long,  extending  out  towards  the 
tip  of  the  wing  and  beyond  the  tip  of  the  first  vein  running  close  to 
the  costa  until  it  merges  into  it;  last  section  of  fifth  vein  equal  to  the 
cross-vein  in  length. 

9 — Occiput  and  front  dark  green,  shining  but  somewhat  dulled 
with  brownish  pollen:  face  shining  blue-green  with  a  little  white 
pollen  on  the  sides  below:  palpi  Mack  with  a  little  white  pollen  on 
the  outer  edge  and  long  black  hairs:  postvertical  bristles  in  a  row  of 
about  four  on  each  side  joining  the  orbitals  which  extend  below 
the  middle  of  the  eye;  beard  black  but  scattering;  antennae  black, 
small,  third  joint  oval. 

Dorsum  of  thorax  opaque  brown  with  a  darker  brown  line  on  each 
side  of  the  acrostichal  bristles  and  with  some  metallic  reflections  on  the 
posterior  portions;  acrostichal  bristles  very  small  and  scattering; 
dorsocentrals  rather  large,  black:  numerals  two,  and  one  behind  the 
humerus  and  above  the  notopleural  suture:  notopleurals  two;  also  a 
row  of  about  five  in  front  of  the  halteres:  propleura  with  a  group  of 
about  six  bristles:  scutellum  shining  green  with  one  pair  of  large 
bristles. 


5O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

Abdomen  green  with  coppery  reflections  and  stiff  black  hairs,  dusted 
with  white  pollen  which  is  more  dense  on  the  sides. 

Fore  coxae  clothed  with  long  bristle-like  hairs  on  the  front  surface; 
middle  and  hind  coxae  also  with  stiff  black  hairs;  fore  femora  a 
little  enlarged  at  base  and  with  rather  long  black  hairs,  but  without 
spines  below;  fore  tibiae  at  tip  with  a  distinct  angle  produced  towards 
the  femora,  without  spines  on  the  inner  side,  but  with  a  few  slender 
bristles  above;  last  joint  of  all  the  tarsi  slightly  flattened. 

Halteres  pale  yellow;  tegulae  yellowish  with  a  fringe  of  dark  brown 
hairs.  Wings  tinged  with  gray  with  a  brown  cloud  on  the  cross-vein; 
longitudinal  veins  bordered  with  brown;  costa  stout  beyond  the  tip 
of  the  first  vein;  veins  brown,  not  paler  at  base  of  wing. 

Described  from  one  male  and  three  females  from  Califor- 
nia, the  holotype  male  at  San  Diego  on  June  14;  two  females 
at  San  Diego,  April  5th ;  the  other  female  at  Long  Beach,  Los 
Angeles  County,  February  28th.  All  were  taken  on  salt 
water.  Type  in  my  collection. 

This  species  runs  in  Prof.  Aldrich's  key  (  Psyche,  Vol.  xviii, 
p.  48)  to  H.  gratiosus  Aid.,  but  is. quite  distinct,  the  shining 
green  face,  crooked  fore  tibiae  and  metatarsi  and  the  second 
vein  of  the  wing  running  so  close  to  the  costa  make  the  male 
easily  recognizable  ;  the  female  can  be  separated  by  the  black 
hair  of  the  fore  coxae  and  tegulae. 

Hydrophorus  argentatus  sp.  nov. 

$ Length  4.2  mm.,  of  wing  5  mm.  Face  covered  with  silvery 

pollen,  pointed  below,  somewhat  wider  and  shorter  than  in  H.  intcntus 
Aid.,  the  portion  below  the  suture  being  nearly  an  equilateral  triangle; 
face  slightly  narrowed  above;  front  seal  brown;  occiput  with  a  row 
of  spines  extending  each  way  from  the  postverticals,  about  six  on 
each  side  and  joining  the  orbitals  rather  far  clown;  orbitals  extending 
nearly  to  the  lower  corner  of  the  eye;  palpi  black;  antennae  black, 
third  joint  large,  about  as  broad  as  long,  irregular  in  outline. 

Thorax  covered  with  brown  pollen,  flattened  space  before  the 
scutellum  shining  bronze  brown;  propleurae  with  rather  long  white 
hair  and  one  black  bristle. 

Abdomen  bronzed  or  coppery;  hypopygium  concealed,  not  cutting 
into  the  fourth  sternite. 

All  coxae  with  fine  white  hairs;  fore  femora  rather  thick  on  basal 
portion,  with  two  rows  of  spines  below;  anterior  tibiae  nearly  straight 
with  a  slight  projection  on  inner  side  at  tip  and  a  row  of  small  spines 
on  inner  surface. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  51 

Knob  of  halteres  yellow,  stem  darker.  Winys  tinged  with  grayish 
brown;  a  distinct  hyaline  spot  back  of  the  base  of  the  fifth  vein  and 
brown  clouds  on  the  cross-vein  and  middle  of  the  last  section  of 
fourth  vein. 

Described  from  two  males  from  California;  one  taken  at 
Los  Cerritos,  Los  Angeles  County,  March  21  st,  the  holotype 
at  Berkeley,  Alameda  County,  May  27th.  Type  in  my  collec- 
tion. 

A  female,  taken  at  San  Diego,  California,  on  April  25th, 
may  belong  to  the  same  species  but  has  the  pollen  of  the  face 
more  yellowish  or  brownish  yellow,  but  otherwise  about  as  in 
the  male. 

This  species  is  quite  distinct  from  //.  wtcntns  Aid.,  although 
this  difference  is  difficult  to  put  into  words,  but  intcntus  is 
covered  all  over  with  a  distinctly  yellow  pollen,  while  in  this 
species  the  pollen  is  more  gray,  that  of  the  face  is  silvery  or 
only  a  little  yellowish  at  most.  This  species  is  also  a  little 
stouter  than  intent  us. 


Corrections  to  "New  York  Scolopostethi"  (Family 

Lygaeidae :  Heter.). 

By  H.  G.  BARBER,  Roselle  Park,  New  Jersey. 

In  the  February,  1917,  number  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS, 
pp.  65-68,  appeared  a  paper  on  the  "New  York  Scolopostethi" 
by  J.  R.  dc  la  Torre-Bueno,  in  which  occur  a  number  of  grave 
errors  which  need  correction.  The  sub- family  Aphaninae  or 
Rhyparochrominae  (page  65,  lines  18-23)  is  characterized  by 
having  the  suture  between  the  third  and  fourth  ventral  seg- 
ments (not.  the  second  and  third)  more  or  less  curved.  The 
tribe  Lethaeini  (page  65,  lines  23-26)  was  separated  by  Stal 
from  the  other  tribes  or  divisions  because  of  the  position  of  the 
posterior  glandular  opaque  spot  on  both  sides  of  the  fourth 
ventral  segment,  which  in  this  case  is  placed  closer  to  the  an- 
terior spot,  far  removed  from  the  posterior  margin  of  the  seg- 
ment. In  1913  Dr.  Bergroth  called  in  question  the  tribal  value 
of  these  glandular  spots,  so  far  at  least  as  the  Lethaeini  of 


52  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb.,  'l8 

the  world  are  concerned,  and  advocated  uniting  this  tribe 
with  the  Rhyparochromini.  However,  the  consideration  of 
the  position  of  these  glandular  spots  as  a  tribal  character  for 
our  United  States  Lethaeini  certainly  succeeds  in  grouping 
together,  without  other  characters,  a  fairly  well  unified  group 
of  genera. 

In  his  synoptic  key  (pp.  66-67)  for  separating  the  three 
species  of  Scolopostethus,  Mr.  Bueno,  in  following  Horvath 
1893,  perpetuated  his  error  in  reference  to  the  ocular  setae. 
Dr.  Horvath,  in  Rev.  d.  Entomol.,  XII.  pp.  238-241,  1893, 
published  a  description  of  the  three  American  species  of  Scolo- 
postcthns,  remarking  that  5.  atlanticus  and  5.  diffidcns  differ 
from  the  introduced  European  6".  ihonisom  by  the  absence  of 
the  two  setae  placed  near  the  eyes.  As  a  matter  of  fact  all 
three  species  possess  these  setae.  It  is  also  inadvisable  to  use 
claval  punctures  for  specific  diagnosis.  The  spines  of  the 
fore  femora  are  more  dependable  as  a  specific  character,  but 
these  are  subject  to  considerable  variation. 

The  following  key  will  serve  to  differentiate  the  three  spe- 
cies of  Scolopostethus: 

1  (4).     Hemelytra   strongly   fasciate  with   fuscous  posteriorly. 

2  (3).     Membrane    commonly    fuscous,    variegated    with    pale,    with    a 

large  pale  spot  on  each  side  in  macropt.  form.  Lateral  margins 
of  pronotum  straight.  Anterior  femora  armed  with  smaller  spines 
only  towards  apex  from  the  larger  spine.... S.  atlanticus  Horv. 

3  (2).     Membrane   in   macropt.    forms   commonly   pale   with   the   veins 

fuscous  and  without  the  pale  spot  on  each  side.  Lateral  margins 
of  the  pronotum  obviously  concave.  Anterior  femora  armed  with 
smaller  spines  both  before  and  behind  the  larger  preapical  spine, 

S.  thomsoni  Reut 

4  (i).     Hemelytra    not    strongly     fasciate    with     fuscous    posteriorly, 

merely  slightly  embrowned.  Lateral  margins  of  the  pronotum 
nearly  straight.  Membrane  dark  brown  with  a  pale  spot  on  each 
side  in  both  macropt.  and  brachypt.  forms.... S.  diffidcns  Horv. 

Mr.  de  la  Torre-Bueno  has  one  of  the  specimens  from  Colo- 
rado recorded  by  Uhler  in  Gillette  and  Baker's  Hemlptcra  of 
Colorado,  1895.  as  Eremocoris  troplcits  Dist.  This  particular 
specimen  is  S.  thomsoni  Reut. 


Vol.  xxixj  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  53 

New  Species  of  Buprestidae  (Col.)  from  the  Pacific 

States — No.  2. 

By  EDWIN  C.  VAN  DYKE,  University  of  California,  Berkeley, 

California. 

The  following  descriptions  are  in  the  way  of  a  supplement 
to  some  species  described  in  a  previous  paper.1 

Poecilonota  bridwelli   n.   sp. 

Elongate-oval,  sub-depressed:  brassy  green  with  the  exception  of  the 
antennal  and  tar  sal  joints  which  show  a  cupreous  tint;  the  front  and 
prosternum  moderately  densely  clothed  with  long  white  hair,  the 
surface  elsewhere  including  the  pronotum  and  elytra  more  sparsely 
clothed  and  with  shorter  and  more  depressed  pile;  the  depressed  areas 
above  and  the  greater  portion  of  the  under  surface  coated  with  a 
white  powdery  substance;  antennae  not  reaching  hind  margin  of  pro- 
notum; front  slightly  sulcate  and  coarsely  punctured;  pronotum  less 
than  three-fourths  as  long  as  broad,  side  margins  almost  straight  and 
parallel  for  posterior  three-fourths  then  gradually  rounded  to  apex, 
disc  with  a  smooth  median  elevated  longitudinal  line  extending  from 
base  to  apex  and  broadest  at  middle,  with  a  shallow  and  equally  broad 
depression  on  either  side,  a  secondary,  punctured,  and  irregular  ridge 
outwardly  bounding  these,  the  sulci  and  sides  coarsely  and  cribrately 
punctured;  elytra  three  times  as  long  as  pronotum  and  slightly  broader 
at  humeri,  side  margins  almost  straight  and  parallel  for  anterior  two- 
thirds,  thence  suddenly  narrowed  and  slightly  sinuate  to  apex,  the  tips 
hardly  prolonged,  but  slightly  divergent,  and  truncate  at  apex,  the  disc 
with  intervals  1-5  distinctly  elevated,  rounded,  and  continuous  through- 
out greater  portion,  intervals  7  and  9  equally  elevated  but  frequently 
and  broadly  interrupted,  intervals  6,  8  and  10  less  evidently  elevated  and 
more  interrupted,  the  more  continuous  intervals  coarsely  punctured  at 
irregular  distances,  the  striae  finely  punctate;  the  underside  in  front 
rather  finely  and  sparsely  punctured  in  median  area  and  more  coarse- 
ly and  cribrately  so  at  sides,  the  abdomen  with  a  smooth  area  down  the 
middle  and  with  sides  coarsely  and  aciculately  punctured.  Length 
13  mm.,  breadth  4.5  mra. 

$ .     Prosternum   rather   densely  clothed   with   long   silky   white   hair 
and  the  last  ventral  deeply  and  broadly  emarginate. 

9 .     Prosternum  less  densely  clothed  and  with  shorter  hair  and  the 
last  ventral  with  small  triangular  incisure 

The  description  given  above  was  based  upon  a  single  male. 

INew    Species    of    Buprestidae    (Col.)    from    the    Pacific    States,    by 
Edwin  C.  Van  Dyke,  Entom.  News,  Vol.  XXVII  (1916)  pp.  405-412. 


54  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb.,  'l8 

The  only  other  specimen  seen,  the  companion  female,  differs 
somewhat  as  regards  the  sculpturing  of  the  elytra,  all  of  the 
intervals  here  being  broadly  and  frequently  interrupted  so  that 
they  present  a  chain-like  or  catenulate  appearance  instead  of 
the  more  or  less  regular  one  which  is  observable  in  the  male. 

This  species  differs  materially  from  our  other  species,  by 
its  uniform  brassy  green  color,  its  more  evident  hairiness,  the 
more  distinctly  defined  longitudinal  sulci  of  the  pronotum, 
and  the  greater  elevation  of  the  elytral  intervals,  resembling 
in  this  last  regard  some  of  our  Diccrcas,  such  as  D.  tcnebrosa 
Kirby. 

Type  male  and  female  from  Imperial  County,  California, 
June,  1911,  collected  on  flowers  by  Mr.  J.  C.  Bridwell.  The 
type  male  is  in  my  own  collection,  the  type  female  in  the  collec- 
tion of  the  University  of  California.  The  species  is  named  in 
honor  of  the  collector. 

Melanophila  californica  n.  sp. 

Elliptical,  sub-depressed;  bronzed  above,  brassy  green  beneath;  with 
minute,  short,  erect,  white  hair  sparsely  scattered  over  the  elytra,  denser 
and  more  oblique  on  under  side  of  body;  front  of  head  convex,  shining, 
densely,  coarsely  and  closely  punctate,  the  median  punctures  some- 
what elongated;  pronotum  two-thirds  as  long  as  broad,  widest  near 
base,  distinctly  narrowed  in  front,  sides  feebly  arcuate,  hind  angles 
acute,  marginal  line  obliterated  in  front,  disc  rather  evenly,  coarsely, 
closely  and  regularly  punctured,  the  punctures  rarely  confluent;  elytra 
three  times  the  length  of  pronotum  and  but  slightly  broader,  densely 
granulate-punctate,  without  costae,  lateral  margin  finely  serrulate 
towards  apex,  apices  obtuse;  beneath  coarsely  and  densely  punctate 
in  front  and  more  finely  and  sparsely  behind;  tip  of  prosternum  sud- 
denly constricted;  last  ventral  segment  obtusely  rounded,  with  a  sub- 
serrate  ridge  below  the  side  margin  near  the  apex;  posterior  tarsi  with 
the  first  joint  not  longer  than  the  next  two.  Length  8.5  mm.,  breadth 
3-5  mm. 

$.  Generally  narrower,  with  outer  joints  of  antennae  broader,  and 
with  last  ventral  subtruncate  at  apex. 

9 .  Generally  broader  and  with  sides  of  pronotum  slightly  depressed, 
with  outer  joints  of  antennae  less  serrate,  and  with  last  ventral  more 
rounded  at  apex. 

The  color  of  the  upper  surface  may  vary  from  greenish  or  coppery 
bronze  to  a  very  dark  purplish  bronze  and  that  of  the  under  surface 
from  the  usual  greenish  to  a  deep  bronze.  Specimens  are  generally 


Vol.  xxix  |  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  55 

immaculate  but  they  may  have  from  one  to  three  well  defined  yellow 
spots  on  each  elytron,  situated  as  in  the  spotted  forms  of  M.  fulvogttt- 
tata  Harr.  and  M.  drummondi  Kirhy. 

This  species  in  the  table  of  Dr.  Horn2  would  come  immedi- 
ately after  M.  fiilvoguttata  Harr.  It  differs  from  this  by 
being  generally  narrower  and  more  convex,  more  brilliant, 
with  more  acute  hind  angles  to  the  thorax,  a  more  densely 
punctured  pronotum,  and  by  having  a  subserrate  ridge  on  the 
last  ventral  segment  near  the  side  margin.  From  M.  intrusa 
Horn  which  it  superficially  resembles,  it  differs  by  being  gen- 
erally larger,  by  having  the  sides  of  the  thorax  less  parallel, 
and  by  lacking  the  uniformly  dispersed  pile  on  the  elytra ; 
and  from  the  recently  described  M.  piniedulis  Burke,3  a  closely 
related  species,  it  differs  by  being  larger  and  more  convex,  by 
never  having  the  elytral  maculations  more  than  mere  spots, 
by  having  the  thorax  longer  and  with  sides  less  parallel  and 
by  not  having  the  submarginal  ridge  of  the  last  ventral  either 
so  distinctly  serrate  or  continued  around  the  apex  of  the  seg- 
ment. 

My  series  of  fourteen  specimens  represents  material  taken 
at  Carrville,  Trinity  County,  El  Dorado  County,  Tuolumne 
County,  Shasta  County,  and  Mount  Wilson,  Los  Angeles 
County,  and  from  the  yellow  pine,  Pinus  pondcrosa  Dougl., 
Jeffrey  pine,  P.  jcffreyi  Yasey,  digger  pine,  P.  sabiniana 
Dougl.,  and  the  big-cone  spruce,  Pseudotsuga  macrocarpa 
Mayr.,  the  Mount  Wilson  specimens  being  captured  on  this 
last.  Besides  my  series,  I  have  examined  at  least  thirty  more 
specimens,  chiefly  in  the  collections  of  Mr.  H.  E.  Burke  and 
Mr.  Ralph  Hopping.  The  species  is  apparently  confined  to 
California  and  in  Northern  California  and  the  Sierras  seems 
to  be  found  only  about  the  pines,  while  its  more  common  rela- 
tive, M.  drummondi  Kirby.  has  a  preference  for  the  Douglas 
fir,  Pseudotsuga  ta.rifolia  Britt. 

Type  male  from  Carrville,  Trinity  County,  California,  July 

2Revision  of  the  species  of  some  genera  of  Buprestidae  by  George  H. 
Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Vol.  X  (1882)  p.  102. 

3A  new  Ruprestid  Enemy  of  Pinus  Edulis  by  H.  E.  Burke,  Proc.  Ent. 
Soc.  Wash.  Vol.  IX  (1908)  pp.  117-118. 


56  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

I,  1913,  collected  on  Finns  ponderosa  Dougl.  by  myself,  in 
my  own  collection;  one  paratype  deposited  in  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia. 

Chrysobothris  falli  n.  sp. 

Form  and  appearance  nearly  that  of  C.  caurina  Horn,  sub-depressed, 
upper  surface  piceous  with  cupreous  punctate  areas,  head,  sternum 
and  femora,  viridocupreous,  tibiae  and  abdomen  with  a  greenish  purple 
lustre;  antennae  gradually  more  slender  towards  tip,  third  joint  as  long 
as  the  next  two,  front  flat,  coarsely,  somewhat  cribrately  punctate, 
with  two  small  callosities  between  eyes,  and  clothed  with  fine  white, 
erect  pile,  clypeus  triangularly  emarginate,  with  sides  of  emargination 
rounded  externally;  thorax  with  length  two-thirds  of  breadth,  with 
sides  slightly  divergent  forwards  from  base,  sinuate  at  middle,  and 
obliquely  constricted  towards  anterior  angles,  disc  moderately  convex, 
a  rather  shallow  though  well  defined  median  sulcus  densely  punctured, 
a  flat  but  irregular  callosity  bounding  it  on  either  side  and  extending 
from  base  to  apex,  two  irregular  callosities,  one  anterior  and  one 
posterior,  between  this  latter  and  sides,  the  surface  otherwise  moder- 
ately densely  punctured,  and  with  a  small  amount  of  white  pile  at  the 
sides:  elytra  well  rounded  at  humeri,  with  sides  somewhat  parallel  from 
in  front  to  beyond  the  middle,  thence  slightly  arcuate  and  convergent 
to  hind  angles,  disc  slightly  convex,  the  sutural  costa  well  defined, 
broader  and  flatter  in  front,  narrower  and  cariniform  posteriorly  and 
from  middle  to  apex  almost  straight  and  but  slightly  diverging  from 
suture,  the  second  costa  less  elevated  and  defined,  but  interrupted  one- 
third  from  base  and  one-third  from  apex,  the  third  only  evident  in 
median  portion  of  elytra,  the  fourth  feeble,  all  the  costae  joined  by 
certain  irregular,  flat,  smooth  and  transverse  areas  which  are  more  or 
less  aggregated  or  joined  into  transverse  bands,  especially  just  back 
of  base,  at  middle,  and  towards  apex,  the  depressions  all  coarsely  and 
densely  punctured,  and  like  the  elevations,  with  a  tendency  to  be 
formed  into  transverse  belts  as  is  the  case  one-third  distant  from  the 
base  and  one-third  from  apex;  body  beneath  shining  and  quite  smooth 
posteriorly;  prosternum  slightly  lobed  at  middle  in  front,  quite  densely 
punctured,  and  moderately  pilose;  anterior  femora  with  a  broad  obtuse 
tooth,  serrulate  on  outer  edge;  last  ventral  with  its  margin  serrulate. 
Length  ii  mm.,  breadth  4.5  mm. 

$.  Prosternum  more  finely  and  densely  punctured;  anterior  tibia 
arcuate,  rather  abruptly  dilated  at  tip,  the  dilatation  being  a  lamina 
arising  from  the  posterior  side  about  one-fourth  distance  from  apex 
and  gradually  arcuately  widening  until  near  apex  where  slightly  notched, 
obliquely  truncated  at  apex;  middle  tibia  less  arcuate,  gradually  broader 
from  apical  third  to  tip,  the  posterior  tibia  straight;  last  ventral  seg- 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  57 

ment   semi-circularly   emarginate,   the   last   dorsal   moderately   punctate 
and  with  a  triangular  emargination  at  tip. 

9.  Prosternum  more  coarsely  and  sparsely  punctured;  anterior  tibia 
moderately  arcuate,  gradually  wider  to  tip,  the  middle  less  arcuate  and 
gradually  wider  to  apex,  the  posterior  straight;  last  ventral  longer  than 
in  male  and  with  a  shallow  apical  emargination:  last  dorsal  more 
grossly  and  closely  punctate  than  in  male  and  with  a  small  apical  notch; 
the  head,  sternum  and  femora  with  more  of  a  purplish  lustre;  size 
slightly  larger  than  male,  length  12  mm.  and  breadth  5  mm. 

This  species  has  the  facies  of  C.  canrina  Horn  and  is  in  fact 
most  closely  related  to  it,  though  it  is  also  sometimes  confused 
with  C.  monticola  Fall.  It  differs  from  C.  canrina  Horn  in 
being  more  shining  and  in  having  the  elytra  elevations  more 
flattened,  the  sutural  costa  less  definitely  explanate  towards  the 
apex,  the  clypeal  emargination  less  acute,  and  in  not  having 
the  apical  dilatation  of  the  anterior  tibia  in  the  male  suddenly 
constricted-  at  apex.  From  C.  inonticola  Fall  it  can  be  told 
by  being  generally  smaller,  more  shining,  by  having  the  elytral 
elevations  flatter,  the  prosternal  lobe  much  less  distinct,  the 
upper  margin  of  the  eyes  less  close  together,  the  dilatation  of 
the  anterior  tibia  in  the  male  not  as  broad  nor  evenly  rounded 
off  towards  the  apex,  and  by  having  the  space  between  the 
suture  and  the  sutural  costae  more  or  less  checkered  by  alter- 
nate callosities  and  punctured  areas,  a  feature  which  it  some- 
times shares  with  C.  canrina  Horn  and  which,  though  super- 
ficial, is  quite  characteristic. 

A  series  of  eighty-one  specimens  has  been  examined  and 
from  the  following  localities,  all  in  California:  Independence 
Lake,  Nevada  County,  July  12-18,  1916;  Donner  Lake,  Placer 
County,  July  3-8,  1916;  Tahoe  Tavern,  Lake  Tahoe,  July  21, 
1916,  all  collected  by  R.  T.  darned: ;  Tuolumne  Meadows, 
Yosemite  National  Park,  July  18  and  19,  1916,  by  G.  R.  Pilate, 
and  Forest  Hill,  Placer  County.  April,  i8(;8,  by  myself.  The 
major  portion  were  secured  by  Mr.  Garnett  at  Donner  Lake 
on  yellow  pine,  Finns  ponder osa  Dougl.,  and  at  Independence 
Lake  on  Jeffrey  pine,  P.  jeffrcyi  Vasey.  At  the  same  time 
were  also  collected  one  hundred  and  eighty  specimens  of  typi- 
cal C.  canrina  Horn  and  several  typical  C.  inonticola  Fall. 
This  species  most  likely  somewhat  replaces  C.  canrina  Horn 


58  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

in  the  Middle  and  Southern  Sierras  and  is  there  generally 
found  in  company  with  C.  monticola  Fall,  as  is  the  other  with 
it  in  the  more  northern  parts  of  the  State. 

Type  male  and  female  from  Donner  Lake,  Placer  County, 
California,  July  5  and  6.  1916,  in  my  own  collection:  para- 
types  deposited  in  United  States  National  Museum,  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  and  California  Academy 
of  Sciences.  The  species  is  named  in  honor  of  my  good 
friend,  Mr.  H.  C.  Fall. 

Chrysobothris  laricis  Van    Dyke. 

In  a  small  series  of  specimens  of  Chrysobothris  received 
from  Mr.  G.  R.  Pilate  and  collected  by  him  in  the  Tuolumne 
Meadows  of  the  Yosemite  National  Park,  July  u,  1916,  I 
found  five  females  and  one  male  of  the  above-named  species. 
These  specimens  all  differ  slightly  from  the  typical  phase 
found  in  Eastern  Oregon,  in  being  more  cupreous  and  bril- 
liantly metallic,  by  having  the  transverse  punctate  areas  of 
the  elytra  more  definitely  defined,  the  sutural  elevation  more 
widely  explanate  near  the  apex,  and  the  dilated  portion  of 
the  anterior  tibia  in  the  male  less  broad  though  of  the  same 
type.  These  differences,  however,  are  simply  differences  in 
degree  and  show  that  the  species,  like  all  of  its  relatives,  is 
variable.  In  this  more  southern  area  it  also  most  likely  breeds 
in  the  lodge-pole  pine,  the  dominant  tree  in  the  region.  The 
western  larch  does  not  extend  into  California. 

Chrysobothris   exesa   Lee. 

Within  the  last  few  years  1  have  seen  several  specimens  of 
the  above-named  beetle  that  were  taken  in  California,  one 
taken  in  1912,  in  Imperial  County,  by  J.  C.  Bridwell  and  the 
others  taken  at  Palm  Springs,  Riverside  County,  in  April, 
1917.  by  G.  R.  Pilate.  These  latter  were  taken  on  mesquite, 
Prosopis  juliflora  D.  C.,  making  the  sixth  species  of  the  genus 
that  I  know  of  that  lives  on  this  tree,  the  others  being:  C. 
octocola  Lee.,  C.  dcbilis  Lee.,  C.  mall  Horn,  C.  merkelii  Horn, 
and  C.  gennnata  Lee.  The  last,  however,  has  not  been  re- 
corded from  California. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  59 

The  Bembicine  Wasps  (Hym.)- 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL,  University  of  Colorado,  Boulder,  Colo. 

Entomologists  are  greatly  indebted  to  Professor  J.  B.  Parker 
for  his  exhaustive  study  of  the  Bembicine  wasps  of  North 
America,  published  in  Proceedings,  United  States  National 
Museum,  Vol.  52,  pp.  1-155  (191?Y  Tne  work  represents 
the  labor  of  years,  and  includes  full  descriptions,  tables  of 
genera  and  species,  and  excellent  illustrations.  Strangely 
enough,  for  reasons  which  it  is  hard  to  comprehend,  the  author 
has  failed  to  complete  his  elaborate  treatment  by  giving  ade- 
quate particulars  concerning  the  localities  of  the  new  species. 
After  so  much  labor,  why  was  that  of  copying  the  labels  of 
the  specimens  described  too  great  to  be  undertaken?  Why 
was  it  considered, — if  the  matter  was  considered, — that  in  a 
State  containing  six  different  life  zones  the  type  locality  of 
a  species  was  a  matter  of  utter  indifference?  There  is  no 
good  reason  why  entomologists  should  not  conform  to  the 
rules  of  procedure  in  describing  new  species,  which  are  well 
established  in  botany,  ornithology  and  other  kindred  sciences. 
It  is  just  as  easy  to  do  these  things  properly  as  any  other 
way,  and  it  seems  a  pity  that  entomological  writings,  so  ad- 
mirable in  nearly  every  respect,  should  fail  where  failure 
could  so  readily  be  avoided.  There  are  two  orders  of  insects, 
the  Orthoptera  and  Odonata,  in  which  the  treatment  in  practi- 
cally all  recent  American  papers  is  above  reproach.  These 
orders  have  been  fortunate  in  being  studied  by  men  who  were 
well  acquainted  with  the  best  methods  employed  in  other  de- 
partments of  zoology.  Why  should  not  Lepidopterists,  Hy- 
menopterists  and  Coleopterists  take  note? 

In  the  particular  case  under  discussion  I  have  thought  it 
useful  to  ascertain  the  type  localities  of  many  of  the  new 
species  and  publish  the  data.  For  the  particulars  given  I  am 
greatly  indebted  to  Mr.  S.  A.  Rohwer  and  Professor  S.  J. 
Hunter. 

(A.)    Types   in  University  of    Kansas. 

Bembix  helianthopolis.  Type  9,  Graham  Co.,  Kansas,  2130  ft., 
August  Hi,  l '.» 1:2  (F.  X.  Williams).  Allotype  $,  same  data; 
also  two  paratypes  with  same  data,  and  one  paratype  from 
Trego  Co.,  July  12,  1912. 


60  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

Bembix  latifrons.     Albuquerque,  New  Mexico,  Aug.,  1894   (Snow). 
Microbembex  aurata.    Three   paratypes,   collected   by   F.    H.    Snow 

in   Arizona,   at    Bill   Williams    Fork,   Aug.;    Congress   Junction, 

July;  Baboquivari  Mts. 
Stictiella  melampous    (sic1)-     Nothing  to   add  except   that   date   is 

Aug.   18. 
Stictiella  divergens.     Type,   Sheridan  Co.,  Kansas,  2650  ft.   (F.   X. 

Williams).      Paratype,   Ness   Co.,   Kans.,   2260   ft.,   July   7,   1912 

(Williams). 
Bicyrtes  annulata.     Type,  Oak   Creek   Canon,  Ariz.,  6000  ft.,   July 

(F.   H.   Snow). 
Bicyrtes  gracilis.     Add  5000-8000  ft.,  July. 

(B.)     Types  in  the  United  States   National   Museum. 

Stictiella  melanosterna.  Type  $  and  allotype  9 ,  Las  Cruces,  New 
Mexico  (Cockerel!).  The  type  was  taken  in  1894. 

Stictiella  caliista.  Type  $,  Mesilla  Park,  N.  M.,  at  flowers  of 
Chilopsis  lincaris,  June  g,  1898  (Cockerell).  Allotype  9,  Me- 
silla, N.  M.,  at  flowers  of  Leucosyris  spiuostts,  July  21  (Cock- 
erell). 

Stictiella  bituberculata.  Type  $,  San  Bernardino  County,  Calif. 
(Coquillett).  Allotype  9,  mouth  Los  Gatos  Canon,  Mt.  Diablo 
R.,  Fresno  County,  Calif.,  June  2,  1907  (Bradley). 

Stictiella  megacera.  Allotype  $,  N.  Yakima,  Wash.,  July  17,  1903 
(Eldred  Jenne). 

Bicyrtes  annulata.  Paratypes;  Albuquerque.  N.  M.  (Ashmead  col- 
lection); Mesilla  Park,  N.  M.,  Sept.  18,  1899  (Cockerell);  El 
Paso,  Texas,  Aug.  21,  1908  (F.  C.  Pratt). 

Bembix  arcuata.  Type,  Cotulla,  Tex.,  May  11,  1906  (T.  C.  Craw- 
ford). 

Bembix  hinei.  Type  $,  Galveston,  Tex.,  May  (Snow);  allotype 
9,  Padre  I.,  Texas,  June  29,  1895. 

Bembix  comata.  Type  $  and  allotype  9.  California  (no  other 
data  on  labels). 

Bembix  melan.nspis.  Type  o,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  Calif.  (Coquillett). 
Allotype  9,  California  (Raker,  2363). 

Microbembex  aurata.  Type  $  and  allotype  9 ,  Los  Angeles  Co., 
Calif.  (Coquillett). 

Microbembex  hirsuta.  Type  $  and  allotype  9 ,  Brewster  Co.. 
Tex.;  Rio  Grande,  June  13  to  17,  1908  (Mitchell  and  Cushman). 

Steniolia  albicantia.  Type,  Grand  Coulee,  Columbia  R.,  Wash., 
July  12,  1902. 

The  type  of  Bembix  rugosa  is  labelled  only  "Arizona." 

(C.)    Types  at  the  Academy  of   Natural   Sciences  of   Phila- 
delphia. 
Bembix  foxi.     Type    $    and  allotype    9.   Illinois    [labelled  "111."]. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NKWs  6l 

A  new  Genus  of  Gyrtidae  from  South  America  (Dip.).* 

By  FRANK  R.  COLE,  Scientific  Assistant,  United  States 

Bureau  of  Entomology. 

In  preparing  a  monograph  of  the  Cyrtidae  of  North  Amer- 
ica, the  writer  has  had  access  to  the  collection  in  the  National 
Museum.  In  this  collection  of  Cyrtidae  there  are  a  few  speci- 
mens from  Chile,  South  America,  collected  by  C.  E.  Reed. 
One  specimen  labeled  Lasia  diniidiata  seemed  to  be  so  entirely 
different  in  general  appearance  from  any  known  species  of 
that  genus  that  I  took  the  trouble  to  examine  it  more  closely. 
This  specimen  is  of  an  undescribed  genus,  quite  far  from  Lasia, 
and  belongs  in  another  subfamily — the  Oncodinae.  The  ab- 
domen has  evidently  been  broken  off  and  is  glued  on  to  the 
thorax  at  an  impossible  angle.  One  of  the  front  legs  is  broken 
off  in  the  middle  of  the  femur  and  the  last  four  joints  of  the 
tarsi  are  broken  off  from  the  other  front  leg. 

VILLALUS    new    genus. 

Head  hemispherical  and  composed  almost  entirely  of  the 
eyes.  Eyes  touching  from  vertex  to  antennae  and  from  small 
space  at  antennae  to  the  tiny  mouth  parts.  The  mouth  parts 
are  rudimentary  and  the -facial  triangle  much  reduced  and  on 
the  under  side  of  the  head.  There  is  no  proboscis.  The  eyes 
are  thickly  covered  with  very  short  pile.  Antennae  small  and 
apparently  two-jointed  (see  Fig.  3),  the  first  joint  being  sunken 
in  the  head;  second  joint  cylindrical  and  not  much  longer  than 
broad  ;  the  third  joint  radish-shaped  and  with  a  slender  style 
which  is  enlarged  slightly  at  the  tip  and  ends  in  a  microscopic 
bristle.  Ocellar  tubercle  rather  small,  with  three  ocelli,  form- 
ing an  equilateral  triangle  (see  Fig.  4).  Occiput  slightly- 
swollen  and  with  short  hairs. 

Thorax  large  and  swollen  in  appearance  with  rather  short 
recumbent  hair.  Upper  pleurae  swollen  and  covered  with 
hair.  Humeral  callosities  quite  large  but  widely  separated. 
Post-alar  callosities  of  medium  size.  Scutellum  rounded  and 
about  as  long  proportionately  as  in  Oncodes.  Legs  including 

*Puhlished  by  permission  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture. 


62 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[Feb., '18 


I7i7lalus  chilensis  n.  gen.  et  sp. 

Fig.  i. — Entire  insect.  Fig.  2. — Outline  sketch  of  dorsal  view.  Fig.  3. — Antenna, 
much  enlarged.  Fig.  4. — Ocellar  tubercle,  much  enlarged.  Fig.  5. — Last  tarsal 
joint  and  ungues,  showing  the  three  pad-like  pulvilli.  Much  enlarged. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  63 

coxae  with  thick  short  hairs,  legs  of  normal  size  and  struc- 
ture, the  ungues  rather  short.     (See  Fig.  5.) 

Abdomen  quite  large  in  proportion  to  body,  the  venter 
probably  flat  in  life,  or  slightly  convex  (in  this  specimen  it 
has  been  drawn  in  when  the  body  dried).  The  abdomen  is 
composed  of  six  segments. 

Wings  rather  long  and  narrow  and  of  the  general  shape 
of  the  wing  of  Eulonchns  sp.  Squamae  large  and  of  rather 
thick  membrane  as  in  One  odes.  Alula  not  projecting.  Vena- 
tion quite  different  from  any  known  genus  of  this  family. 
The  auxiliary,  first  and  second  veins  are  rather  long  and 
heavier  than  the  other  veins.  There  is  a  long  cell  above  the 
discal  cell,  the  outer  first  basal  cell,  present  in  some  other 
genera.  The  third  vein  is  not  forked  and  ends  in  the  apex  of 
the  wing.  There  are  four  posterior  cells,  all  widely  open. 
Second  basal  cell  much  longer  than  the  first.  Anal  cell  long 
and  narrowed  in  the  margin.  Anal  vein  does  not  quite  reach 
the  margin  of  the  wing.  The  membrane  of  the  costal,  sub- 
costal, marginal,  submarginal,  outer  first  basal  and  first  pos- 
terior cells  covered  quite  thickly  with  short  hairs. 

Villalus  chilensis  new  species. 

Head  and  eyes  black.  The  reddish-brown  antennae  are  small,  the 
first  apparent  joint  cylindrical,  the  second  joint  (actually  the  third) 
radish-shaped  and  with  a  rather  long  slender  style  which  expands  a 
little  near  the  tip  and  ends  in  a  thin  microscopic  bristle. 

Thorax  brownish-yellow  with  rather  thick  short  pile  of  a  dark  yellow 
color.  Scutellum,  humeral  and  post-alar  callosities  brownish-yellow. 
Pectus  blackish.  Halteres  brownish  yellow.  Legs,  including  coxae, 
pale  yellow,  ungues  black. 

Abdomen  brownish-yellow  with  a  reddish  tinge,  and  clothed  with 
rather  short  reclinate  yellow  pile.  Venter  (probably  somewhat  dis- 
colored) a  paler  yellow,  with  dark  spots  on  second,  third  and  fourth 
segments.  Genitalia  very  inconspicuous. 

Wings  rather  long,  the  anterior  half  clouded  with  brown,  darker  near 
the  costa.  Squamae  brownish  hyaline,  margined  with  black  and  with  yel- 
low hairs  on  the  surface.  Costa  and  veins  blackish-brown.  Membrane  of 
the  costal,  subcostal,  marginal,  submarginal,  outer  first  basal  and  first 
posterior  cells  covered  with  «very  fine  short  hairs  of  brownish  color. 
Auxiliary,  first  and  second  veins  long  and  heavy.  Cross-veins  separat- 
ing first  basal  cell  from  marginal,  submarginal  and  outer  first  basal 


64.  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

cells  quite  heavy.  Third  vein  unforked  and  ending  in  the  wing  tip. 
Second  basal  cell  almost  twice  the  length  of  first  basal  and  about  as 
long  as  discal  cell.  Supernumerary  cross-vein  at  base  of  first  posterior 
cell  parallel  with  the  short  vein  between  the  discal  and  second  posterior 
cells.  All  of  the  posterior  cells  are  widely  open.  There  are  only  two 
veins  emerging  from  the  discal  cell,  the  third  branch,  found  in  Eulon- 
chus,  Lasia  and  a  few  others  having  disappeared. 

Type. — United  States  National  Museum,  No.  21074.     One 
specimen.     Habitat. — Chile. 

The  genus  Holops  Phil,  is  probably  the  nearest  to  I 'Mains. 
Holops  inanis  Phil,  is  yellow  with  yellow  pile  and  has  the 
anterior  margin  and  apex  of  the  wings  infuscated.  Philippi 
in  his  brief  description  mentioned  that  the  small  mouth  open- 
ing was  triangular.  He  stated  that  he  could  see  no  proboscis 
(as  in  H.  cyancus),  but  thought  it  might  possibly  be  strongly 
retracted.  No  mention  is  made  of  the  wing  venation.  The 
head  of  Villains  is  like  that  of  Holops  and  the  antennae  of  like 
structure  and  similarly  placed.  If  the  figure  of  H.  cyaneus 
given  by  Philippi  can  be  relied  on,  the  venation  is  quite  dif- 
ferent from  Villains.  Verrall  in  "British  Diptera,"  Vol.  Y, 
p.  451,  has  a  figure  of  the  wing  of  Holops  nigrapcx  Big.  which 
is  like  that  shown  by  Philippi  in  his  "Aufzahlung  der  chileni- 
schen  Dipteren."  In  both  of  these  figures  the  third  vein  is 
forked  and  the  veins  posterior  to  this  do  not  reach  the  wing 
margin.  Also  the  anal  cell  is  closed  some  distance  from  the 
margin  and  the  discal  cell  has  a  third  vein  emerging  from  it, 
missing  in  Villains.  This  is  the  only  Cyrtid  that  I  know  of 
which  has  short  hairs  on  the  wing  membrane. 

Verrall  in  "British  Diptera"  stated  that  Megalybns  gave  a 
clue  to  the  venation  of  Oncodes  and  Acroccra  and  was  a  type 
intermediate  between  Eulonchus  and  Astomclla.  This  genus 
Villains  has  a  venation  very  nearly  approaching  that  of  Mega- 
lybns. We  see  in  this  form  a  modification  of  the  more  com- 
plex venation  of  Lasia,  Eulonchns  and  Pteropexus,  and  a 
suggestion  of  the  still  more  simplified  venation  of  Oncodes. 


Material  Desired  (Coleoptera). 

Dr.  W.  D.  Pierce,  Bureau  of  Entomology,  Washington,  D.  C.,  desires 
to  receive  for  study  material  in  Gymnaetron,  Linarla  and  Mianis. 


Vol.  xxixl  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  65 


The  North  American  Species  of  Cerchysius,  Females 

(Hym.,  Chalcid.). 

By  A.  A.  GIRAULT,  Glenn  Dale,  Maryland. 

Scrobes  forming  a  semicircle.     Head  densely  scaly.     Wings  hyaline. 
Mandibles  stout,  with  three  nearly  equal  teeth. 

First  two   pairs   of   legs    yellow    except    coxae.       Scape    concolorous. 
Ovipositor    extruded    for    two-thirds    the    length    of    the    abdomen, 
somewhat    compressed.      Body    densely    scaly.      Dark    metallic    blue. 
Tegulae  blue. 

Hind  legs  concolorous   except  proximal   three   tarsal   joints;   mar- 
ginal  vein   nearly  twice  longer  than   wide,   a   little   shorter  than 
the    postmarginal,    the    latter    a    little    over    half    the    length     of 
the  stigmal;  frons  moderate,  with  several  rows  of  minute  punc- 
tures on  each  side;  scape  slender,  very  slightly,  linearly  exfoliat- 
ed   ventrad;    pedicel    nearly    twice    longer    than    wide.      Lower 
face  with  obscure  thimble  punctures.     A  trace  of  yellow  against 
the   marginal   vein;   venation   yellow   brown.      Elongate, 

pallipes  Provancher. 

Middle  legs  entirely  yellow  except  the  coxae,  the  other   femora  more 
or  less  concolorous. 

Scape    concolorous.      Legs    fuscous    except    the    cephalic    femora 
(washed),  hind  femora  except  at  each  end  and  the  coxae;  funicle 
i    shorter   than   2  by   a   half.     No   scrobes.     Ovipositor   as   long 
as  the  abdomen  ............................  caudatus  Cameron. 

Scape   honey   yellow:   ovipositor  valves  broad,  testaceous  as  is  the 
venation.      Flagellum  brown-black.      Base    of    cephalic    femora, 
basal    two-thirds    of  hind  femora  and  all  coxae  concolorous,  the 
rest   of    the    legs    dark    reddish    ............  hnbbardi    Ashmead. 

Middle  legs,  besides  the  coxae,  more  or  less  concolorous.  Scape  con- 
colorous. Femora  widely  reddish  at  apex  (the  first  two  pairs). 
Postmarginal  vein  not  as  long  as  the  stigmal. 

Basal  half  of  cephalic  femora,  base  of  middle  femur  broadly,  hind 
femur  except  at  apex,  coxae,  base  of  middle  and  hind  tibiae 
above,  concolorous;  legs  reddish;  scape  slender;  marginal  and 
postmarginal  veins  subequal,  the  veins  yellow:  ovipositor  valves 
extruded  for  half  the  length  of  the  abdomen,  much  compressed; 
scutellum  densely,  finely  punctate;  thorax  convex, 

elasmoccri  Ashmead. 

Legs  the  same  but  hind  legs  entirely  concolorous  except  the  first 
three  tarsal  joints  and  apex  of  the  tibia  and  the  middle  legs  all 
reddish  except  a  metallic  spot  above  near  base  and  the  coxae; 
tarsi  white,  the  legs  reddish;  scape  with  a  moderate  ventral 
dilation  which  is  very  distinct  (much  broader  than  the  very 
slight  exfoliation  in  pullipcs);  funicle  i  about  twice  longer 
than  wide,  subequal  to  the  pedicel.  \Ynatiim  dark,  the  marginal 


66  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

vein  a  little  shorter  than  the  postmarginal;  ovipositor  valves 
slender,  extruded  for  three-fourths  the  length  of  the  abdomen; 
scutellum  scaly  like  the  rest  of  the  body.  Thorax  flattened  as 

in   pallipes marilandicus    Girault. 

First  two  femora  almost  entirely  concolorous.  Postmarginal  vein 
elongate,  longer  than  the  long  stigmal.  Legs  concolorous  except 
apex  of  tibiae  very  narrowly,  distal  third  of  middle  tibiae,  tarsi 
and  middle  trochanters  which  are  reddish;  frons  scaly,  with 
four  rows  of  punctures,  not  as  broad  as  in  marilandicus;  lower 
face  with  small,  scattered  punctures;  eyes  shorter;  scape  slightly 
dilated,  the  pedicel  longer  than  any  funicle  joint.  Funicle  I 
smallest,  subquadrate,  2  longest,  a  third  longer  than  wide; 
maxillary  palpi  black;  marginal  vein  twice  longer  than  wide; 
ovipositor  valves  very  slender,  nearly  as  long  as  the  abdomen. 
Scutum  and  scutellum  with  scattered  punctures,  scaly. 

whittieri  new  species 
Cerchysius  whittieri  n.  sp. 

9  .  Somewhat  smaller  than  marilandicus,  the  abdomen  shorter,  the 
thorax  more  convex.  The  male  is  similar  but  has  the  flagellum  fili- 
form and  clothed  with  soft  hairs,  the  solid  club  longer  than  funicle  i 
which  is  longest,  nearly  thrice  longer  than  wide,  6  longer  than  wide, 
longer  than  the  s  nail  pedicel.  Mandibles  tridentate.  Maxillary  palpi 
4-jointed. 

Scrobes  longer  than  in  marilandicus,  the  frons  narrower,  the  eyes 
smaller.  The  elongate  postmarginal  vein  is  characteristic  and  the 
species  is  probably  a  Hcmcncyrtus. 

One  pair,  San  Francisco,  California  (Alex.  Craw).  From 
Lccaninin  olcac. 

Types :  Catalogue  No.  20663,  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, the  pair  on  tags,  their  heads  and  fore  wings  on  a  slide. 


A  Correction  Concerning  Labia  annulata  and  Labia  dorsalis.  (Der- 

maptera;  Labiidae.) 

We  wish  to  draw  attention  to  an  error  recently  made  by  us,  Trans. 
Am.  Ent,  Soc.,  XLIII.  p.  318.  We  have  there  given  Labia  dorsalis 
(Burmeister)  as  a  synonym  of  Labia  annulata  (Fabricius)  and  have 
supplemented  this  by  stating  that  no  differences  between  the  de- 
scriptions of  these  species  could  be  found.  As  a  matter  of  fact  annulata 
and  dorsalis  are  widely  distinct  species  as  understood  by  us,  belong- 
ing to  different  sections  of  the  genus  as  was  pointed  out  elsewhere  in 
that  same  paper,  and  when  the  group  has  been  thoroughly  studied 
will  probably  be  found  to  require  even  generic  separation. 

This  confusing  mistake  was  made  through  including  in  the  rough 
manuscript  an  earlier  and  unverified  incorrect  note  to  this  effect, 
which  was  in  consequence  incorporated,  but  inexcusably  overlooked  in 
both  the  reading  of  the  finished  manuscript  and  the  proof. — MORGAN 
HEBARD,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  67 

Argynnis  apacheana,  a  New  Name  (Lepid.)« 
By  HENRY  SKINNER. 

I  propose  the  name  apacheana  for  the  species  of  Argynnis 
described  and  figured  by  Mr.  W.  H.  Edwards  in  Volume  I 
of  his  Butterflies  of  North  America,  plate  IV  of  Argynnis, 
figures  1,2,  $  ,  3,  4,  9  ,  under  the  name  nokomis. 

What  he  originally  described  as  nokomis  in  the  Proceedings 
of  The  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia  for  the 
year  1862,  page  221,  is  a  different  species.  The  type  was  a 
male  and  he  gave  as  the  locality,  "Rocky  Mountains,  and 
Mountains  of  California."  He  also  says,  "This  is  much  the 
largest  of  the  Pacific  species,  equalling  the  largest  specimens 
of  Cybclc.  In  color  it  most  resembles  Aphrodite.  The  female 
I  have  not  seen."  This  is  the  same  species  which  he  subse- 
quently described  under  the  name  nitocris,  in  the  Transactions 
of  the  American  Entomological  Society,  1874,  Volume  XV. 
The  type  of  nitocris  was  "one  male  taken  at  White  Mountains, 
Arizona,  by  Lieut.  Henshaw  of  the  exploring  Expedition 
under  Lieut.  Wheeler,  August,  1873." 

In  volume  one  of  his  Butterflies  of  NortJi  America,  Mr. 
Edwards  says  in  regard  to  nokomis,  "The  original  specimen 
from  which  the  description  of  the  species  was  drawn  was  re- 
ceived by  me  in  1862,  through  the  Smithsonian,  and  was 
labelled  'Bitter  Root  Mountains'  ....  Until  the  present 
year  ( 1872)  it  has  been  an  unique  in  my  collection  and,  so  far 
as  I  know,  not  found  in  any  other."  Recently  Mr.  R.  C.  Will- 
iams, Jr.,  searched  the  Edwards-Holland  collection  in  Pitts- 
burgh for  this  type  but  was  unable  to  find  it.  Nokomis  was 
twice  figured  by  Mr.  Edwards  for  this  Volume  I,  the  upper  and 
under  sides  of  the  male  being  given,  and  drawn  by  D.  Wiest, 
but  this  plate  was  not  published  and  the  American  Entomo- 
logical Society,  which  issued  the  volume,  still  possesses  the 
withdrawn  plates.  Mr.  Edwards,  having  received  five  males 
and  two  females,  of  what  I  call  apaclieana,  brought  from 
Arizona  by  the  Exploring  Expedition  under  Lieutenant 
\Yheeler,  in  1871,  beautifully  figured  both  sexes,  ihe  drawings 


68  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Feb.,  '18 

in  the  plate  actually  published  having  been  made  by  Mrs. 
Peart. 

Mr.  B.  Neumoegen  received  quite  a  number  of  both  sexes  of 
apacheana  and  the  specimens  in  collections  are  from  this  ma- 
terial. Mr.  Jacob  Doll  informed  me  that  all  these  specimens 
were  shipped  from  Kanab,  Utah,  but  he  did  not  know  the  ex- 
act locality  where  they  were  taken.  There  can  be  no  question 
but  that  the  original  description  of  nokomis  applies  to  what 
we  know  as  nitocris  and  therefore  nitocris  becomes  a  synonym 
of  nokomis. 

If  anyone  possesses  specimens  of  apacheana,  with  accurate 
data,  it  would  be  very  useful  to  have  the  localities  and  dates 
of  capture  published.  At  present  I  am  not  prepared  to  say 
anything  about  the  specific  value  of  the  two  names,  but  I  have 
not  seen  any  maculation  characters  that  show  intergradation. 


Variation    in    Labial    Characters   in    the    Nymph    of 
Gomphus  spicatus  (Odonata). 

By  ALICE  L.  STOUT,  Buffalo,  New  York.. 

In  the  identification  of  a  collection  of  Gomphns  nymphs 
sent  to  the  Limnological  Laboratory  of  Cornell  University, 
slight  variations  were  noticed  in  the  minute  characters  of  labia 
whose  general  form  seemed  identical.  As  the  labial  char- 
acters are  those  most  depended  upon  for  the  separation  of 
species,  it  was  necessary  to  study  the  variation  in  one  species 
before  using  the  minute  characters  to  differentiate  between 
species.  The  material  for  this  study  was  one  hundred  and 
ten  exuviae  of  nymphs  of  Gomphns  spicatus  collected  by  Dr. 
Needham  at  one  time  and  place. 

The  labial  characters  used  for  the  separation  of  species  are 
as  follows :  The  shape  of  the  median  lobe,  the  presence  or 
absence  of  a  median  tooth  on  this  lobe,  the  form  of  the  median 
tooth  when  present,  the  number  and  shape  of  the  teeth  on  the 
inner  margin  of  the  lateral  lobes. 

In  the  following  study,  variations  in  the  above  points  were 
noted.  I  mounted  one  hundred  and  ten  labia  from  the  above 


Vol.  xxixl 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


Variations  in  labia  of  Gomptius  spicatus  larvae. 


/O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb.,'l8 

mentioned  material.     The  most  typical  form  was  that  shown 
in  Fig.  I.     The  variations  occurred  in  various  characters. 

The  end  hook  showed  four  tyes :  Type  I  (Fig.  2)  was  long 
with  the  first  tooth  indistinctly  separated  from  it.  There  were 
fifty-five  specimens  of  this  type. 

Type  II  (Fig.  3)  was  short  with  the  first  tooth  indistinctly 
separated  from  it.  There  were  forty-eight  specimens  of  this 
type. 

Type  III  (Fig.  4)  was  long  with  the  first  tooth  distinctly 
separated  from  it.  There  were  five  specimens  of  this  type. 

Type  IV  (Fig.  5)  was  blunt  at  the  end  and  occurred  six 
times. 

The  number  of  teeth  on  the  lateral  lobe  varied  from  four 
to  ten.  The  most  usual  number  was  six  or  seven.  The  varia- 
tions toward  few  or  many  were  both  rare  as  is  shown  by  the 
data: 

Left  lobe  Right  lobe 

Number  of  teeth  4,    5,    6,    7,    8,    9,  10  4,    5,    6,    7,    8,    9,  10 

Frequency  i,    8,40,44,16,    o,    i  o,    7,39,44,18,    I,    i 

The  median  lobe  varied  in  shape  from  nearly  straight  to 
very  convex  (Figs.  6,  7  and  8).  The  tooth  on  the  front  mar- 
gin was  single  or  double.  Fach  of  these  forms  varied  from 
rudimentary  to  pointed.  In  some  cases  it  was  absent.  The 
occurrences  were  as  follows :  Median  tooth  absent  in  eight 
cases,  single  and  rudimentary  fifty-one  cases,  single  and  pointed 
thirty  cases,  bifid  and  rudimentary  five  cases,  bifid  and  pointed 
nine  cases. 

These  variations  show  that  the  detailed  characters  which 
have  been  used  to  differentiate  between  species  cannot  be 
used  as  absolute  criteria,  but  must  be  considered  with  general 
shape  and  size  of  the  labia,  which  remain  fairly  constant  in- 

one  species. 

— •  «•  • — 

Professor  F.  T,.  Washburn  Ceases  to  Be  State  Entomologist. 

In  order  to  be  enabled  to  devote  all  of  his  time  to  closely  allied 
economic  work  in  the  Agricultural  Department  of  the  University  of 
Minnesota,  Professor  F.  L.  Washburn,  for  fifteen  years  State  Entomol- 
ogist, has  asked  and  obtained  the  consent  of  the  Board  of  Regents  of 
the  University  to  drop  the  State  Entomologist  work,  with  its  attendant 
police  and  quarantine  duties,  this  change  to  be  effective  February  6th, 
1918. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,   FEBRUARY,    1918. 

Entomology    at   the    Convocation   Week    Meetings. 

As  announced  in  the  NEWS  for  December  last  (page  469), 
we  shall  not  print  a  list  of  the  papers  bearing  on  entomology 
presented  at  the  meetings  of  various  societies  at  Pittsburgh 
and  at  Minneapolis,  between  December  27,  1917,  and  January 
2,  1918.  In  spite  of  the  special  conditions  induced  by  the 
war  and  the  extremely  cold  weather  upon  railroad  trans- 
portation, and  of  the  deterrent  letter  of  the  President  of  the 
American  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Science  (pub- 
lished in  Science  for  December  28  and  elsewhere),  the  attend- 
ance seems  to  have  been  fair.  We  are  informed  that  50  to 
60  persons  were  present  at  the  meetings  of  the  Entomological 
Society,  25  to  50  at  those  of  the  Ecological  Society,  and  20 
to  200  at  those  of  the  Naturalists.  The  total  number  of  papers 
of  entomological  bearing  listed  on  the  printed  programs,  with 
some  additions  of  which  we  have  been  informed,  was,  at 
Pittsburgh,  96,  or,  if  we  add  those  forming  parts  of  the 
Paleontological  Society's  symposium  on  "Problems  in  History 
of  Faunal  and  Floral  Relationships  in  the  Antillean-Isthmian 
Region  and  their  Bearing  on  Biologic  Relationships  of  North 
and  South  America"  (8  titles)  and  those  constituting  the 
Naturalists'  symposium  on  "Factors  of  Organic  Evolution" 
(6  titles), — no,  and  o  at  the  Zoologists'  meeting  at  Minneap- 
olis— a  grand  total  of  119,  in  comparison  with  139  at  New 
York  in  the  preceding  year  (see  the  NEWS  for  February,  1917, 
page  88). 

The  above-quoted  total  of  96  was  made  up  of  24  papers 
from  the  program  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  America, 
48  from  that  of  the  American  Association  of  Economic  Ento- 
mologists with  7  from  its  Apicultural  and  4  from  its  Horti- 
cultural Inspection  Sections.  3  from  the  Ecological  Society  of 
America,  I  from  the  American  Phytopathological  Society, 


72  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb.,  'l8 

7  from  the  American  Society  of  Naturalists  and  2  from  Sec- 
tion F,  A.  A.  A.  S. 

The  subject  of  the  annual  address  to  the  Entomological 
Society  was  "The  Biological  Aspects  of  the  War"  by  Prof. 
Vernon  Kellogg,  that  of  the  President  (Prof.  R.  A. 
Cooley)  of  the  Economic  Entomologists,  "Economic  Entomol- 
ogy in  the  Service  of  the  Nation."  Dr.  L.  O.  Howard  was 
scheduled  to  take  part  in  Section  F's  symposium  on  "Contri- 
butions of  Zoology  to  Human  Welfare."  Other  topics  of 
more  than  ordinary  interest  to  be  treated  were:  "The  Bio- 
climatic  Law  of  Latitude,  Longitude  and  Altitude,  as  applied 
to  Entomological  Research  and  Practice,"  by  A.  D.  Hopkins ; 
"Distribution  of  the  Maritime  Diptera  of  Eastern  North 
America,"  by  C.  W.  Johnson;  "Reminiscences  of  my  early 
work  upon  the  Diptera,"  by  S.  W.  Williston ;  "Insects  and 
Camp  Sanitation,"  by  E.  P.  Felt :  a  general  discussion  on  "How 
can  the  Entomologist  assist  in  Increasing  Food  Production?'' 
and  moving  pictures  of  Gipsy  Moth  Work  in  New  England, 
conducted  by  the  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Entomology.  Doubtless 
some  of  the  papers  on  the  geographical  distribution  of  plants 
at  the  joint  session  of  the  Ecological  and  Botanical  Societies 
will  be  helpful  to  entomologists.  As  in  1916,  the  Zoologists, 
Anatomists  and  Ecologists  distributed,  some  days  before  their 
meetings,  printed  abstracts  of  the  papers  to  be  presented  at 
their  sessions. 


Notes    and    Ne\vs. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   GLEANINGS   FROM   ALL   QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

Benjamin   Dann   Walsh. 

A  brief  account  of  the  life  of  Benjamin  Dann  Walsh,  whose  like- 
ness appears  on  the  cover  of  the  NEWS  for  1918,  was  published  in  this 
journal,  volume  V,  pages  269-270,  November,  1894,  accompanied  by  a 
different  portrait. 

Emergency  Entomological  Service. 

Numbers  8  and  9  of  these  mimeographed  Reports  issued  by  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  appeared  under  the  dates  of 
November  6  and  December  3,  1917,  respectively.  No.  8  is  supplementary 


Vol.  Xxix  |  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  73 

to  No.  7  (noted  in  the  NEWS  for  December,  1917,  page  470),  as  it  con- 
tains reports  received  too  late  for  inclusion  in  the  latter;  additional 
data  on  the  cotton  boll  weevil  in  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Tennessee 
and  Oklahoma  are  recorded;  Euphoria  inda  is  noted  as  injuring  cotton 
bolls  in  Tennessee  for  the  first  time;  injuries  to  apples,  due  to  the 
codling  moth  are  widespread,  as  in  New  York,  Oregon,  Tennessee  and 
Utah;  corn-stalk  borers  and  peach-twig  borers  in  Arizona,  fall  migrant 
aphids  in  Idaho,  apple  and  thorn  skeletonizer  (Henterophila  pariana) 
in  New  York,  Crioccris  asparagi  for  the  first  time  in  Oregon,  the 
strawberry  root  louse  in  Tennessee  and  grasshoppers  (4  spp.)  in  Utah 
receive  special  mention. 

No.  9  contains  a  report  of  the  Federal  Horticultural  Board  on  two 
additional  outbreaks  of  the  pink  boll-worm  in  Texas,  reported  to  the 
Department  early  in  November.  The  more  serious  of  these  is  at  Trinity 
Bay,  north  of  Galveston,  "the  total  infested  area  involved  being  up- 
wards of  5,000  acres":  "clean-up  operations  are  being  pushed  with  the 
utmost  speed."  Results  of  a  recent  trip  by  Mr.  Busck  to  study  the 
status  of  this  insect  in  Mexican  cotton  fields  are  given. 

"As  the  season  of  field  activities  for  1917  nears  its  end,  the  outlook 
as  regards  the  chief  insect  pests  of  cereal  and  forage  crops  in  general 
is  encouraging.  With  the  exception  of  white  grubs  and  grasshoppers, 
none  of  the  more  dangerous  enemies  seems  to  be  present  in  sufficient 
numbers  to  warrant  apprehension.  Of  course,  this  does  not  mean  that 
a  great  outbreak  of  chinch  bug,  Hessian  fly,  army  worm,  or  green  bug 
cannot  occur  during  the  growing  season  of  1918.  Nevertheless,  field 
conditions  at  present  indicate  no  such  probability." 

The  sweet  potato  weevil  (Cyclas  formicariits  Fabr.),  "the  most  im- 
portant pest  of  the  vear,"  was  found  in  November  for  the  first  time  in 
(coastal  parts  of)  Georgia  and  Mississippi,  as  well  as  in  Tennessee; 
data  on  the  present  known  distribution  of  this  species  are  given.  Plans 
for  extension  work  in  bee-keeping  west  of  the  Appalachians  are  out- 
lined. We  shall  reprint  elsewhere  in  the  NEWS  a  very  interesting  state- 
ment concerning  Icerya  control  at  New  Orleans.  There  are  reports 
trom  fourteen  States  and  from  Porto  Rico,  dealing  with  many 
insects  of  economic  importance. 

Report  No.  10,  for  January  5,  1918,  contains  some  little  additional 
information  on  the  pink  boll-worm  in  Texas  and  Mexico.  The  Secre- 
tary of  Agriculture  has  prohibited  the  importation  of  any  variety  of 
sweet  potato  or  yam  (Ipomoca  batatas  and  Dioscorca  spp.)  from  all 
foreign  countries  and  fn>m  Hawaii  and  Porto  Rico  into  any  part  of 
the  United  States,  from  January  i,  1918:  this  is  in  relation  to  the 
spread  of  the  sweet  potato  weevil,  for  which  additional  localities  in 
Mississippi  are  reported.  The  report  from  California,  occupying 
nearly  three  pages,  consists  of  a  statement  by  Mr.  George  P.  Gray  on 
the  consumption  and  cost  of  the  economic  poisons  employed  against 


74  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Feb.,  '18 

insects,  fungi  and  rodents  in  that  State.  Mr.  E.  N.  Cory,  of  the 
Maryland  Experiment  Station,  proposes  the  installation  of  a  large 
rotary  dryer  at  each  army  cantonment  for  the  drying  of  horse  manure 
and  the  distribution  of  the  dried  article  "through  the  help  of  the 
National  Fertilizer  Association  at  a  cost  plus  percentage  basis,  thus 
relieving  the  soldiers  and  civilians  of  the  menace  of  flies  and  provid- 
ing for  the  farmer  a  source  of  fertilizer  in  the  time  of  scarcity.  More- 
over, the  number  of  cars  required  to  handle  this  material  will  be 
greatly  reduced  from  the  number  required  under  the  old  plan  to  handle 
daily  the  fresh  manure  produced  at  each  camp." 

Changes   of   Address. 

C.  W.  Howard,  Associate  Professor  of  Entomology,  University  of 
Minnesota,  will  remove  to  Canton,  China.  Address:  care  of  Canton 
Christian  College,  Hongkong,  China. 

H.  H.  Knight,  formerly  of  Ithaca,  New  York,  and  F.  R.  Cole,  of 
Hood  River,  Oregon,  have  entered  military  service. 

I.  S.  Wade,  Wellington,  Kansas,  to  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Entomology, 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Dr.  J.  Chester  Bradley,  of  Cornell  University,  has  accepted  an  assist- 
ant professorship  of  entomology  at  the  University  of  California  for 

1918. 

A  New  House  Spider  (Aran.). 

One  day  in  October,  1914,  I  was  in  a  restaurant  in  Boston  when 
a  spider  walked  over  the  table  and  was  caught.  It  looked  different 
from  any  native  species  and  I  put  it  aside  for  further  examination. 
In  December,  1915,  I  stopped  for  a  meal  in  the  railroad  restaurant 
at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  and  there  a  spider  came  onto  the  table  and  was 
caught.  It  turned  out  to  be  the  other  sex  of  the  species  found  in 
Boston.  In  May,  1917,  a  friend  who  has  a  tannery  in  Danvers,  Massa- 
chusetts, sent  me  another  of  the  same  species  out  of  a  bale  of  hides 
from  Africa.  I  then  consulted  Mr.  Banks  and  he  was  at  once  re- 
minded of  Thatiafus  coloradcnsls  Keyserling  and  brought  out  a  bottle 
of  this  species  from  Claremont,  California,  which  on  comparison 
proved  to  be  the  same  as  the  eastern  spiders.  So  it  appears  that  we 
have  here  a  western  spider  that  takes  readily  to  life  about  houses  and 
is»spreading  across  the  country. — J.  H.  EMERTON,  Boston,  Mass. 

Interrelations  of  Different  Species  of  Insects  (Horn.,  Col.,  Hym.). 

All  things  considered,  the  progress  of  Icerya  control  at  New  Orleans 
during  the  summer  and  fall  [of  1917]  has  not  been  entirely  satisfactory. 
Apparently  several  agents  have  retarded  the  successful  propagation  of 
the  Vcdalia.  Chief  among  them  must  be  mentioned  the  Argentine  ant. 
This  ant  undoubtedly  aids  in  a  very  material  increase  of  the  Icerya. 
In  the  fall  of  the  year  they  reach  their  maximum  numbers  and  these 
hordes  so  effectively  patrol  and  guard  the  scale  infestations  that  the 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  75 

adult  lady  beetles  are  not  allowed  a  moment's  peace.  By  means  of  a 
natural  protection  the  Vedalia  larvae  are  not  molested  by  the  ants,  nor 
are  the  stationary  pupae,  but  the  adults  seem  to  lack  this  protective 
quality  and  many  of  them  are  actually  killed  and  devoured  by  the  ants. 
The  extremely  high  temperatures  accompanied  by  relatively  high 
humidity  during  the  summer  exerted  a  very  depressing  effect  upon  the 
propagation  of  the  ]\-dalia.  They  died  off  in  millions  so  ...  that  they 
could  not  entirely  hold  the  scale  in  check.  For  about  a  month,  from 
mid-September  to  the  middle  of  October,  the  weather  was  ideal  for 
their  propagation  and  they  did  very  nicely,  then  it  turned  much  too 
cool  and  for  the  past  six  weeks  [to  Nov.  27]  they  have  done  very 

little  outdoors Very  interesting  results  have  been 

obtained  through  the  very  effective  control  of  the  Argentine  ant 
in  and  around  the  hothouse  used  for  the  propagation  of  the  Vedal'm. 
Until  the  ants  were  controlled  no  difficulties  were  encountered  in 
obtaining  heavy  infestations  of  the  Icerya  on  three  large  Pittosporuni 
bushes  which  were  planted  in  the  hothouse  and  caged  for  Vedalia 
propagation.  Since  the  control  of  the  ant,  however,  the  Icerya  is  not 
doing  nearly  so  well.  The  honeydew  which  was  assiduously  gathered 
by  the  ants  for  food  now  remains  attached  to  the  scales  and  as  it  con- 
tinues to  be  excreted  it  drops  down  forming  threads  which  "candy" 
in  the  dry  atmosphere.  So  much  of  this  honey-dew  is  in  evidence  that 
the  plants  have  taken  on  a  snowy  appearance. — C.  L.  MARLATT  in  Re- 
port No.  9,  Emergency  Ent.  Service,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agr.,  Dec.  3,  1917. 

Maternal  Care  in  Dinocoris  tripterus  Fab.  (Hemiptera). 

Early  in  February,  1917.  in  conversation  with  Ralph  Rallin, 
a  high  school  youth  of  this  city,  I  learned  that  he  had  found  on  a 
banana,  and  still  had  in  his  care,  a  mother  bug  and  her  brood.  T 
urged  him  to  make  what  observations  he  could  and  later  he  presented 
me  with  the  mother  and  her  fifteen  offspring.  The  adults  and 
nymphs  were  identified  by  Mr.  E.  H.  Gibson  as  Dinocoris  triptcrnx 
Fab.  Mr.  Gibson  writes  that,  so  far  as  he  has  been  able  to  learn, 
members  of  this  genus  occur  only  in  Central  and  South  America,  and 
that  the  nymphs  are  in  the  second  instar. 

Since  there  was  some  doubt  in  the  mind  of  Fabre  as  to  the  ac- 
curacy of  the  observations  on  the  maternal  instinct  in  Hemiptera. 
and  as  Kirkaldy  has  unearthed  much  evidence  (Entomologist,  36: 
113-120,  1903)  to  show  the  unfairness  of  Fabre,  I  quote  the  following 
from  a  letter  from  Ralph  Rallin  in  reply  to  certain  questions,  with 
a  figure  made  from  a  rough  sketch  by  this  youthful  observer: 

"Early  in  February  I  found  the  group,  mother,  empty  egg  shells  and 
young,  on  part  of  the  banana  nearest  the  stalk:  this  was  concealed 
by  other  bananas.  The  young  were  already  hatched  when  I  found 


76  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb., 'l8 

the  group;  they  were  ranged  around  the  empty  egg  shells.  These 
shells  were  all  together,  like  the  cells  of  a  honey  comb,  and  one  end 
of  each  had  been  broken  by  the  young  as  it  emerged. 

"Close  to  the  egg  shells  and  the  young  bugs  was  the  mother.  The 
entire  group  for  the  most  part  remained  motionless  and  apparently 
lifeless.  She  neither  brooded  over  the  young,  nor  did  the  young 
crawl  over  the  mother's  body.  Occasionally,  however,  one  of  the 
young  would  move  and  in  so  doing  would  disturb  the  others;  except 
for  this  they  remained  motionless.  The  mother  remained  in  the  same 
position  almost  all  the  time;  only  a  few  times  did  she  slightly  shift  her 
position  to  one  side  or  the  other." 

With  food  abundant  at  hand,  there  was  little  occasion  for  much 
activity  and  still  I  hardly  think  it  was  entirely  due  to  this  cause  that 
the  mother  remained  with  the  brood  into  the  second  instar.  While 
it  is  possible  that  the  whole  phenomenon  is  accidental,  there  is  some 
probability  that  this  is  an  actual  case  of  maternal  solicitude  in  this 
insect. 

Further  observations  will  have  to  decide  whether  the  mother's  close 
proximity  to  her  brood  is  one  of  maternal  solicitude  or  only  one  of 
physical  economy. — PHIL  RAU,  St.  Louis,  Missouri. 


Hntomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record, 
Office  of  E:xperiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

2 — Transactions,  American  Entomological  Society,  Philadelphia 
4 — The  Canadian  Entomologist.  11 — Annals  and  Magazine  of  Nat- 
ural History,  London.  21 — The  Entomologist's  Record,  London. 
87 — Bulletin.  Societe  Entomologique  de  France,  Paris.  99 — Cornell 
University  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Ithaca.  164 — Science 
Bulletin,  University  of  Kansas,  Lawrence.  179 — Journal  of  Econo- 
mic Entomology.  180 — Annals,  Entomological  Society  of  Amer- 
ica. 189 — Journal  of  Entomology  and  Zoology,  Claremont,  Calif. 
195 — Bulletin.  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  Cambridge.  198 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  77 

— Biological  Bulletin,   Marine   Biological   Laboratory,  Woods   Hole, 
Mass.     200 — Bulletin    Biologique   de   la    France   et    de    la    Belgique 
223 — Broteria,    Revista    de    Sciencias    Naturaes    do    Collegio    de    S 
Fiel.    (Ser.    Zoologica).      324 — Journal    of    Animal    Behavior,    Cam- 
bridge.    344 — U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 
407 — Journal  of  Genetics,  Cambridge,  England.     411 — Bulletin,  The 
Brooklyn     Entomological    Society.      447 — Journal    of    Agricultural 
Research,  Washington.     538 — Lorquinia,   Los   Angeles,   Cal.     540 — • 
The  Lepidopterist,  Official  Bulletin,  Boston  Entomological  Club. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Bordage,  E.— Phenomenes  de  transfor- 
mation des  tissus  larvaires  chez  les  insectes  metaboles,  87,  1917, 
270-2.  Crampton,  G.  C. — The  probable  color  of  the  ancestral  winged 
insects,  411,  xi,  116-18.  Hilton,  W.  A. — Suggestions  from  the  study 
of  the  central  nervous  systems  of  invertebrates,  189,  ix,  141-46. 
Pemberton  &  Willard — New  parasite  cages,  179,  x,  525-27. 

PHYSIOLOGY  AND  EMBRYOLOGY.  May,  H.  G.— Selection 
for  higher  and  lower  facet  numbers  in  the  bar-eyed  race  of  Droso- 
phila  and  the  appearance  of  reverse  mutations,  198,  xxxiii,  361-95 
Nabours,  R.  K. — Studies  of  inheritance  and  evolution  in  Orthop- 
lera,  II-IV,  407,  vii,  1-70.  Rayburn,  M.  F. — The  Chromosomes  of 
Nomotettix,  164,  x,  267-71.  Robertson,  W.  R.  B. — A  deficient  super- 
numerary accessory  chromosome  in  the  male  of  Tettigidea  parvi- 
pennis,  164,  x,  275-92. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.  Hirst,  S. — On  three  new  parasitic  acari, 
11,  xx,  431-34.  Howard,  C.  W. — New  tick  record  for  Minnesota, 
179,  x,  560.  Lizer,  C. — Une  nouvelle  coccidocecidie  de  1'Argentine, 
223,  xv,  103-7. 

Chamberlin,  R.  V. — The  Gosibiidae  of  America  north  of  Mexico. 
195,  Ivii,  205-55. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Crampton,  G.  C.— A  phylogenetic  study 
of  the  larval  and  adult  head  in  Neuroptera,  Mecoptera,  Diptera  and 
Trichoptera,  180,  x,  337-44.  Hilton,  W.  A. — The  nervous  system  of 
Thysanura,  180,  x,  303-13.  Walker,  E.  M. — The  known  nymphs  of 
the  No.  American  sps.  of  Sympetrum  (Odonata),  4,  1917,  409-18. 

ORTHOPTERA.  Hebard,  M.— Notes  on  Mexican  Dermaptera, 
2,  xliii,  409-32. 

HEMIPTERA.  Funkhouser,  W.  D.— Biology  of  the  Membraci- 
dae  of  the  Cayuga  Lake  basin,  99,  Mem.  11,  445  pp.  Peterson,  A. 
—Studies  on  the  morphology  and  susceptibility  of  the  eggs  of  Aphis 
avenae,  A.  pomi,  and  A.  sorbi,  179,  x,  556-60.  Ross,  W.  A. — The 
secondary  host  of  Myzus  cerasi,  4,  1917,  434. 


78  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  ['Feb.,  'l8 

Gibson  &  Wells — A  key  to  the  species  of  the  genus  Ceresa,  oc- 
curring north  of  Mexico,  and  the  description  of  a  new  sp.,  411,  xi, 
110-13. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Clark,  H.  L.— Preparatory  stages  of  Homop- 
tera  unilineata,  411,  xi,  103-<>.  Cockerell,  T.  D.  A. — The  geometrid 
genus  Barnesia  [preoccupied].  411,  xi,  115.  Klotz,  H. — Butterflies 
of  Elysian  Park,  538,  ii,  38-9.  Lichti,  Shallenberger  &  Johnson— 
A  tentative  list  of  moths  from  the  Claremont-Laguna  region,  189, 
ix,  125-137. 

Barnes  &  McDunnough — New  No.  American  Phycitinae  [1:6],  4, 
1917,  404-6.  Cassino,  S.  E. — A  new  Apantesis.  A  new  variety  of 
Catocala  lacrymosa.  Note  on  Catocala  helena,  540,  i,  100-101;  104. 

DIPTERA.  Bishop,  Mitchell  &  Parman— Screw-worms  and 
other  maggots  affecting  animals,  344,  Farm.  Bui.  857.  du  Buysson, 
H. —  (See  under  Coleoptera.)  'Crampton,  G  C. — (See  under  Neu- 
roptera.)  Crumb  &  Lyon — The  effect  of  certain  chemicals  upon 
the  oviposition  in  the  house-fly,  179,  x,  532-36.  McCulloch  & 
Yuasa — Notes  on  the  migration  of  the  hessian  fly  larvae,  324,  vii, 
307-23.  Malloch,  J.  R. — Key  to  the  subfamilies  of  Anthomyiidae, 
4,  1917,  406-8.  de  Peyerimhoff,  P.— Ceratopogon  et  Meloe,  87,  1917, 
S50-53.  Ping,  C. — Observations  on  Chironomus  decorus,  4,  1917, 
418-26. 

Felt,  E.  P. — Asphondylia  websteri  n.  sp.,  179,  x,  ,><)2.  Greene, 
C.  T. — Two  new  cambium  miners,  447,  x,  313-17.  Guthrie,  E.— 
New  Mycetophilidae  from  California  [1  n.  g. ;  5  n.  sps.],  180,  x, 
314-22.  Malloch,  J.  R. — A  new  genus  of  Anthomyiidae  [2  n.  sps.], 
411,  xi,  113-15. 

COLEOPTERA.  du  Buysson,  H.— Observations  sur  des  nym- 
phes  de  Coccinella  septempunctata  parasitees  par  le  Phora  fa<=ciata, 
87,  1917,  249-50.  Martin,  J.  O—  In  quest  of  Dinapate  wrightii,  411, 
xi,  107-10.  Palmer,  M.  A. — Additional  notes  on  heredity  and  life 
history  in  the  coccinellid  genus  Adalia,  180,  x,  289-302. 

Carnochan,  F.  G. — Hololeptinae  of  the  U.  S.  [1  n.  g.;  9  n.  sps.], 
180,  x,  367-98.  Fall,  H.  C.— Two  new  varieties  of  Cicindela  tran- 
quebarica  from  California,  411,  xi,  106. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Cockerell,  T.  D.  A.— Descriptions  and  rec- 
ords of  bees— LXXVTIT,  11,  xx,  436-41.  Donisthorpe,  H.--Tchneu- 
mons  versus  Apanteles,  21,  xxix,  231-2.  Ewing,  H.  E. — Partheno- 
genesis in  the  pear-slug  saw-fly,  180,  x,  330-30.  Jones,  T.  H.— Oc- 
currence of  a  fungus-growing  ant  in  Louisiana,  179,  x.  5f>l.  Kelly, 
E.  O.  G. — The  biology  of  Coelinidea  nieromvzae,  179,  x.  527-31. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  79 

Wheeler,  W.  M. — Jamaican  ants  collected  by  C.  T.  Brues,  195,  Ixi, 
457-71. 


Girault,  A.  A. — Notes  on  Hymenoptera  Parasitica  [1  n.  g.;  2  n. 
sps.J,  411,  xi,  118.  Isely,  D. — A  synopsis  of  the  petiolate  wasps  of 
the  family  Eumenidae,  found  in  North  America  [9  new],  180,  x, 
345-66.  Rohwer,  S.  A. — The  No.  American  wasps  of  the  subgenus 
Pemphredon  [4  new],  411,  xi,  97-102. 


Doings  of  Societies. 

Entomological  Society  of  France. 

The  treasurer's  report  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  France  for 
1916  shows  receipts  to  the  amount  of  27,670  francs  and  expenditures 
(including  investments)  of  25,400  francs.  The  capital  of  the  Society 
December  31,  1916,  was  139,038  francs.  (Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  1917, 
No.  7).  The  Society  awarded  the  Dollfuss  prize  for  1916  of  300  francs 
to  Prof.  Auguste  Lameere,  of  the  (University  of  Brussels,  for  his  works 
on  Prionidae,  and  the  Constant  prize  of  1916  of  500  francs  to  J.  Sainte- 
Claire  Deville  for  his  Catalogue  critique  dcs  Colcopteres  de  la  Corse 
(1914)- 

Entomological    Section,    Academy    of    Natural    Sciences    of    Phila- 
delphia. 

Meeting  of  November  22,  1917,  Director  Philip  Laurent  presiding 
and  eight  persons  present.  Henry  W.  Fowler  was  elected  a  contributor. 

Mr.  J.  A.  G.  Rehn  made  a  communication  on  the  physiography  of  sev- 
eral collecting  regions  of  southern  Arizona,  illustrated  by  lantern  slides. 

Diptera. — Dr.  Skinner  read  an  abstract  of  an  article  by  McDunnell 
&  Eastwood,  relative  to  the  overwintering  of  the  house  fly.  Dr.  Cal- 
vert  exhibited  larvae  of  Bibionidae  (identified  by  comparison  with  fig. 
225,  p.  476,  of  Vol.  vi,  Cambridge  Nat.  Hist.),  some  of  a  very  great  num- 
ber found  near  Media,  Pennsylvania,  November  n,  1917,  by  Dr.  J.  P. 
Moore.  The  larvae  were  observed  in  an  area  of  about  two  square  feet, 
at  a  depth  of  2-3  inches,  in  soil  near  a  peach  tree,  on  which  soil  goat 
manure,  mingled  with  decaying  corn  stalks  and  forest  leaves,  had  been 
placed  in  the  preceding  winter.  He  referred  to  similar  observations  in 
the  work  cited,  in  Packard's  "Guide  to  the  Study  of  Insects,"  and  in 
Kellogg's  "American  Insects." 

Lepidoptera. — Mr.  Laurent  presented  two  specimens  of  .-Ictha- 
loptcra  ant'.caria  Walker  fn.im  Chestnut  Hill,  Pennsylvania,  and  blown 
larvae  of  three  species  of  Dataua.  He  also  exhibited  an  interesting  ab- 
normal male  of  Saniia  cccropia.  also  a  female  cccrofiia  seven  and  one- 
eighth  inches  in  expanse.  The  speaker  stated  that  this  was  the  largest 


8O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Feb.,  'l8 

specimen,  by  a  quarter  of  an  inch,  out  of  many  hundred  that  he  had 
bred.  Dr.  Skinner  spoke  about  his  work  on  the  genitalia  of  Argynnis. 
Orthoptera. — Mr.  Rehn  commented  on,  and  gave  some  illustra- 
tions of  the  genitalic  characters  of  several  Orthoptera,  showing  that  the 
value  of  certain  characters  is  not  constant  in  the  various  groups  or 
families. — E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Recorder. 


OBITUARY  NOTES. 

ANTOINE  GROUVELLE,  specialist  on  the  Clavicorn  Coleop- 
tera, died  at  Neuilly-sur-Seine,  France,  June  9,  1917,  aged 
74  years.  He  became  a  member  of  the  Entomological  Society 
of  France  in  1870,  served  as  President  in  1891  and  1897  and 
was  elected  an  honorary  member  in  1911.  Until  his  retire- 
ment, in  1907,  he  was  Director  of  the  State  Tobacco  Factory. 
His  papers  number  more  than  150,  one  of  the  latest  having 
appeared  in  the  Bulletin  of  the  French  Society  for  March  28, 
1917.  His  collection  of  Coleoptera,  said  to  be  very  large  and 
valuable,  was  bequeathed  to  the  Paris  Museum.  (Obituary 
notices  in  Bull.  Soc.  Ent,  Fr.,  1917,  pp.  181-2,  and  Ent.  Mo. 
Mag.,  August,  1917.) 

The  deaths  of  Commandant  PIERRE  XAMBEU,  "author  of 
numerous  works  of  compilation  on  the  larvae  of  Coleoptera," 
at  Ria,  Pyrenees-Orientales,  France,  on  June  9,  1917,  aged  80 
years ;  of  Dr.  E.  A.  GOLDI,  formerly  director  of  the  museum 
at  Para,  Brazil,  subsequently  named  the  Museu  Goldi  in  his 
honor,  at  Berne,  Switzerland,  July  5,  1917;  and  of  Dr.  MAX 
STANDFUSS,  of  Zurich,  well  known  for  his  experimental  re- 
searches on  the  variability  of  Lepidoptera  (date  of  death  not 
given),  are  announced  in  the  Bulletins  of  the  Entomological 
Society  of  France,  1917,  Nos.  12  and  14. 


Among  the  deaths  of  entomologists  during  1917,  as  a  re- 
sult of  the  war,  we  note  with  sorrow  and  sympathy  for  his 
father,  that  of  REGINALD  JAMES  CHAMPION,  Lieutenant,  Scots 
Guards,  July  18.  1917,  at  the  age  of  22.  He  had  already  pub- 
lished four  papers  on  insects.  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  London, 
Sept.,  1917.) 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  8CHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  o>  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42i  in.  high,  13  in.  deep.  182 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  Newc,  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside,  lined  with  cork;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13x2i  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.— \Ve  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box.  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

WARD'S 

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NEW    ARRIVALS 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  amathonte 

salkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  columbus  Urania  boisduvali 

andraemon  Erinyis  guttalaris 

celadon  Protoparce  brontes,  etc, 
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From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  L/epidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

philoxenus  Bralimaea  wallachi 

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If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D. 


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MARCH,   1918. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.   XXIX.  No.  3. 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 
18084869, 


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ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  III. 


10 


13 


11 


9 


12 


BEETLE-MITE    FAUNA    OF    MARY'S    PEAK.-EWiNG. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


Vol..    XXIX. 


MARCH,   1918. 


No.  3. 


CONTENTS: 


Ewing— The  Beetle-Mite  Fauna  of 
Mary's  Peak,  Coast  Range,  Oregon 
( Acarina ) 81 

Tillyard — The  Micropterygidae  Not  of 
the  Jugate  Type  (Lep.) 90 

Robertson — Some  Genera  of  Bees 
(Hym.) 91 

Genuine  Entomological  Enthusiasm...     92 

Sell — Notes  on  the  Hibernating  of  the 
Belted  Cucumber  Beetle  (Col.) 93 

Williams — The  Genus  Lycaena,  Enop- 
tes  Group  ( Lep  ) 99 

Rehn  and  Hebard— A  New  Species  of 
the  Genus  Nemobius  from  Califor- 
nia (Orthoptera;  Gryllidae;  Gryl- 
linae) 102 

Rohwer — Notes  on  and  Descriptions  of 
the  Nearctic  Woodwasps  of  the 
Genus  Xiphydria  Latreille  (  Hym.)  105 

The  Rippon  Collections  go  to  the  Nat- 
ional Museum  of  Wales in 

British  Museum  not  to  be  used  for 
Government  Purposes in 

Editorial — An  Appeal  for  Co-operation  IT2 


Malloch — Another  European  Antho- 
myiid  in  Illinois  (  Diptera ) 113 

One  Hundred  and  Fifty  Years  of  Col- 
lecting   113 

New  Entomological  Officials  in  Minne- 
sota    113 

Mr.  Schaus's  Collecting  in  Guatemala  113 

New  York  Entomological  Society  Fund  114 

Weiss— Gracilaria  zachrysa  Meyrick  in 
New  Jersey  (  Lep. ) 114 

Howard — An  Unusual  Bumblebees' 
Nest  (Hym.) 114 

Wickham— Feeding  Habits  of  a  Har- 
vest Spider  (Phalangida) 115 

Entomological  Literature 116 

Review  of  Oberthiir  :  Etudes  de  Lepi- 
dopt£rologie  Compared 118 

Review  of  Escomel :  The  Latrodectus 
mactans  and  the  Gliptocranium 
gasteracanthoides  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  Arequipa,  Peru 118 

Doings  of  Societies — Feldman  Collect- 
ing Social  (Coleop. ,  Dipt.) 119 


The  Beetle-Mite  Fauna  of  Mary's  Peak,  Coast 
Range,  Oregon  (Acarina). 

By  H.  E.  EWING,  Iowa  State  College,  Ames,  Iowa. 

(Plate   III.) 

Studies  of  a  mountain  flora  or  fauna  have  usually  had  a 

j 

special  fascination  to  most  naturalists.  Especially  is  this  the 
case  where  the  mountain  flora  or  fauna  studied  is  at  such  an 
altitude  as  to  belong  to  a  different  life  zone  from  that  of  the 
surrounding  country.  While  located  in  Oregon  the  writer  had 
such  an  opportunity  of  studying  a  mountain  fauna  and  its 
relation  to  that  of  the  surrounding  region  belonging  to  a  differ- 
ent life  zone.  For  several  summers  I  made  collections  from 
the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  and  also  from  surrounding  regions. 
Mary's  Peak  is  one  of  the  Coast  Range  Mountains  of  western 
Oregon.  Tt  is  in  Benton  County,  and  is  situated  about  15 
miles  southwest  of  the  town  of  Corvallis,  the  county  seat. 

Si 


82  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'iS 

This  mountain  is  the  highest  of  the  whole  region  in  which  it 
is  situated.  It  rises  to  a  height  of  about  4,000  ft.  above  the 
sea  level,  and  can  be  seen  from  many  points  of  the  Willamette 
Valley,  with  its  long  "hog-backed"  north  spur  and  its  precipi- 
tous south  slope.  Beginning  at  its  base  Mary's  Peak  is  densely 
wooded,  and  continues  so  almost  to  its  very  top.  The  entire 
top,  including  a  considerable  region  to  the  southwest,  is  quite 
bare  of  trees,  but  is  thickly  covered  with  a  heavy  growth  of 
grass.  The  only  places  that  are  somewhat  open  below  this 
grassy  region  are  a  few  along  the  streams  which  rise  from  the 
base  of  the  snowline.  Snow  stays  on  the  top  of  the  mountain 
for  six  or  eight  months  of  the  year  and,  around  the  base  of 
the  grass  land,  drifts  do  not  melt  away  until  June  or  July. 
The  forest  trees  found  at  the  base  are  chiefly  Douglas  fir  with 
a  few  Pacific  coast  white  oaks.  Higher  up  are  cedars,  and 
near  the  top  the  noble  fir.  Along  the  streams  are  thimble- 
berries  and  vine  maples.  There  is  a  good  rainfall  over  the 
whole  of  the  mountain,  and  the  vegetation  is  luxurious-. 

The  types  of  the  new  species  and  varieties  described  below 
are  in  the  author's  collection. 

A  LIST  OF  SPECIES  AND  VARIETIES  RECORDED  FROM  MARY'S  PEAK.  TO- 
GETHER WITH   DESCRIPTIONS  OF  NEW   ONES. 

Family  ORIBATIDAE. 
Eupelops  monticolus  n.  sp.  (PI.  Ill,  fig.  1). 

Color  of  species  a  chestnut  brown.  Lamellae  very  large,  of  about 
equal  width  throughout,  and  almost  as  long  as  the  cephalothorax. 
Pseudostigmatic  organs  extending  forward,  clavate,  and  slightly 
pectinate.  Abdomen  about  as  broad  as  long,  evenly  rounded  behind, 
and  bearing  a  few  minute  hairs.  Genital  opening  roughly  rectan- 
gular and  situated  about  one  and  one-third  times  its  length  in  front 
of  the  anal  opening.  Anal  opening  larger  than  the  genital  opening, 
somewhat  circular  in  outline,  and  situated  about  two-thirds  its  length 
from  the  posterior  margin  of  ventral  plate.  Tarsus  of  leg  I  about 
equal  to  tibia  in  length.  Integument  of  lamellae  and  pteromorphae 
irregularly  tuberculate.  Length,  0.48  mm. ;  width,  0.33  mm. 

From  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon :  in  moss ;  by  the  writer. 
Three  specimens  obtained. 

Eupelops  monticolus  Swing,  var.  subborealis  n.  var.    (PI.  Ill,  fig. 

2). 
This    variety    is    somewhat    smaller    than    the    type.      The    pseudo- 


Vol.  xxix] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


stigmatic  organs  are  longer  and  subfusiform  in  shape  instead  of  be- 
ing clavate.  The  lamellae,  also,  are  not  so  conspicuous.  Length. 
0.46  mm. ;  breadth,  0.32  mm. 

1-Yorn  Corvallis,  Oregon;  under  a  log;  by  the  writer. 

Achipteria  oregonensis  n.  sp.  (PI.  Ill,  fig.  3  and  text  fig.  4). 

A  very  dark  brown,  smooth  species.  Lamellae  extending  beyond 
the  tip  of  the  cephalothorax.  and  each  ending  in  a  cusp-like  point. 
Lamellar  hairs  reaching  to  about  the  tips  of  the  lamellae,  curved, 
pectinate,  and  each  situated  on  the  inner  margin  of  the  free  part  of 
the  lamella  near  the  base.  Interlamellar  hairs,  long,  curved,  simple 
(or  minutely  pectinate),  and  not  reaching  the  tips  of  the  lamellae 
Pseudostigmatic  organs  extending  forward,  subfusiform,  and  simple. 
Abdomen  almost  as  broad  as  long,  evenly  rounded  behind,  and  hair- 
less above.  The  long  cusps  of  pteromorphae  are  curved  outward  and 
downward  toward  their  tips,  and  do  not  reach  the  tip  of  cephalo- 


8 


Fig.  4.— Achipteria  oregonensis  n.  sp.     Cusp  of  right  pteromorpha,  dorso-lateral  aspect. 
Pig.  5. — Achipteria  oregonensis  n.  sp.,  var.  borealis  n.  var.     Cusp  of  right  pteromorplia, 

dorso-lateral  aspect. 

Fig  b.—Jugatala  lamellata  n.  sp.     Left  pseudostigmatic  organ  seen  from  above. 
Fig.  i.—Jugatala  lamellata  n.  sp.     Left  lamella  from  above. 
FjK.  %,—  Oribatella  acuta  n.  sp.     Left  pseudostigmatic  organ  from  above. 


84  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

thorax.  Genital  opening  subrectangular,  smaller  than  anal  opening, 
and  situated  a  little  more  than  its  greatest  diameter  in  front  of  the 
latter.  Legs  long;  claws  heterodactyle.  Length,  0.71  mm.;  width, 
0.53  mm. 

From  Corvallis,  Oregon ;  on  ground  under  an  old  piece  of 
wood;  by  the  writer.  Several  specimens.  This  species  has  a 
variety,  found  at  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak. 

Achipteria  oregonensis  Ewing,  var.  borealis  n.  var.  (Text  fig.  5). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  being  smaller,  in  having  shorter  cusps 
to  the  pteromorphae,  and  in  having  the  lamellar  hairs  less  curved. 
Length,  0.51  mm.;  width,  0.39  mm. 

From  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon;  under  a  rotting  log; 
by  the  writer.  Only  a  single  specimen  secured. 

Jugatala  lamellata  n.  sp.    (Text  figs.  6  and  7). 

A  rather  large,  chestnut  brown  species.  Lamellae  very  large,  at- 
tached to  cephalothorax  for  about  one-half  their  length,  the  free 

anterior  part  of  lamellae  about  twice  as  broad  as  the  attached  pos- 
terior part,  and  ending  in  two  cusps,  the  outer  being  the  longer. 
Lamellar  hair  situated  between  lamellar  cusps;  curved,  pectinate,  and 
almost  as  long  as  the  lamella.  Pseudostigmatic  organs  capitate  and 
simple.  Abdomen  almost  as  broad  as  long,  and  sparsely  clothed  with 
curved,  pectinate  setae.  Pteromorphae  large,  rounded  on  their  ven- 
tral margins.  Genital  covers  smaller  than  anal  covers  and  situated 
about  twice  their  length  in  front  of  the  latter.  Posterior  legs  not 
extending  beyond  the  tip  of  abdomen.  All  the  legs  provided  with 
long,  almost  subequal  claws.  Length,  0.77  mm. ;  width,  0.53  mm. 

From  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  a  moist  stone  ; 
by  the  writer.  From  Spenson,  Oregon ;  on  rotting  vegetable 
material,  by  H.  F.  Wilson.  Three  good  specimens  obtained. 
The  type  from  Spenson,  Oregon. 

Ceratozetes  clavilanceolata  (Ewing). 

Recorded  from  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  rotting 
logs ;  by  the  writer. 

Oribatella  minuta  Banks. 

Recorded  from  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon  ;  in  moss ;  by 
the  writer.  Recorded  also  from  Corvallis,  Oregon :  under 
bark  of  a  log ;  by  the  writer. 

Oribatella  acuta  n.  sp.  (PI.  TIT,  fig.  9,  and  text  fig.  8). 

A  smooth,  dark  chestnut  brown  species.  Lamellae  very  large,  at- 
tached to  the  cephalothorax  for  over  one-half  their  length,  and  each 


Vol.    XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  85 

ending  in  a  sharp  point.  Lamellar  hairs  short,  stout,  simple,  and 
curved ;  slightly  surpassing  the  tips  of  lamellae.  Pseudostigmatic 
organs  short,  subcapitate,  simple,  and  extending  forward.  Abdomen 
longer  than  broad,  sparsely  clothed  with  rather  short,  strongly  curv- 
ed, simple  setae.  Pteromorphae  large,  attached  to  abdomen  for  over 
one-half  its  length,  and  rounded  below.  Genital  opening  circular, 
much  smaller  than  anal  opening  and  situated  about  one  and  one-half 
times  its  diameter  in  front  of  the  latter.  Legs  rather  short ;  last 
pair  not  reaching  the  tip  of  abdomen;  claws  heterodactyle.  Length, 
0.54  mm. ;  width,  0.39  mm. 

From  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak ;  under  rotting  logs  and  in 
moss ;  by  the  writer.  Many  specimens.  This  species  belongs  to 
that  group  of  Oribatellas  that  have  the  lamellae  similar  to 
those  of  the  genus  Achiptcria  Berlese. 

Family  NOTHRIDAE. 

Liacarus  bidentatus  n.  sp.    (PI.  Ill,  fig.  10). 

A  rather  large,  chestnut  brown,  shiny  species.  Lamellae  extending 
almost  to  tip  of  rostrum,  their  anterior  third  free,  and  each  ending 
in  a  small  inner  cusp.  Lamellar  hairs  long,  straight,  apparently 
simple ;  each  arising  from  tip  of  lamella  outside  of  cusp,  and  extend- 
ing far  beyond  the  tip  of  cephalothorax.  Pseudostigmatic  organs 
simple,  swollen  toward  base,  beyond  which  they  are  setiform.  Ab- 
domen almost  as  broad  as  long,  hairless  above.  Genital  opening 
somewhat  shield-shaped,  very  much  smaller  than  anal  opening,  and 
situated  about  twice  its  greatest  diameter  in  front  of  the  latter.  Legs 
long ;  claws  heterodactyle.  Length,  0.91  mm. ;  width,  0.62  mm. 

From  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  a  rotting  log,  and 
under  a  moist  stone;  by  the  writer.  From  Corvallis,  Oregon; 
under  logs ;  by  the  writer.  From  Cascade  Mountains  along 
Santiam  River;  under  a  log;  by  the  writer.  The  description 
here  given  is  based  on  the  type  specimen  from  Mary's  Peak, 
under  a  moist  stone.  The  specimens  from  Corvallis  are  slightly 
larger  than  the  type. 

Liacarus  robustus  n.  sp.    (PI.  Ill,  tig.  11). 

A  large,  almost  black,  shiny  species.  Lamellae  about  four-fifths  as 
long  as  cephalothorax,  with  their  anterior  third  free,  and  not  ending 
in  cusps.  Between  the  free  ends  of  the  lamellae  is  situated  a  cen- 
tral mucro,  which  surpasses  the  tips  of  the  lamellae,  but  does  not 
reach  the  tip  of  the  rostrum.  Lamellar  hairs  long,  straight,  minutely 
and  sparsely  pectinate;  each  arises  from  the  tip  of  lamella.  Pseudo- 


86  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  'iS 

stigmatic  organs  simple,  swollen  toward  their  middle,  beyond  which 
they  are  stoutly  setiform.  Abdomen  very  large,  oval,  and  without 
hairs  above.  Genital  opening  somewhat  shield-shaped,  much  smaller 
than  anal  opening,  and  situated  over  twice  its  greatest  diameter  in 
front  of  the  latter.  Anterior  legs  extending  beyond  the  tip  of  rost- 
rum by  about  the  full  length  of  their  tarsi ;  posterior  legs  falling 
considerably  short  of  the  tip  of  abdomen.  Length,  i.oo  mm.;  width, 
0.68  mm. 

From  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  rotting  logs  ; 
by  the  writer.  From  Corvallis,  Oregon ;  under  bark  of  stick 
lying  on  ground ;  by  the  writer.  The  specimen  from  Corvallis 
is  considerably  larger  than  the  others.  The  type  from  Mary's 
Peak. 

Liacarus  aequidentatus  n.  sp.    (PI.  Ill,  figs.  12,  13). 

A  large,  dark  brown,  shiny  species.  Lamellae  large,  practically 
as  long  as  the  cephalothorax,  widest  toward  their  middle,  and  each 
ending  in  two  small,  equal  cusps.  Lamellar  hairs  long,  straight,  sim- 
ple;  each  arising  from  the  end  of  lamella  between  the  two  cusps, 
and  extending  far  beyond  the  tip  of  the  rostrum.  Pseudostigmatic 
organs  swollen  toward  their  middle  beyond  which  they  are  setiform 
and  minutely  and  sparsely  pectinate.  Abdomen  large,  elongate,  and 
hairless  above.  Genital  opening  somewhat  shield-shaped,  smaller  than 
anal  opening,  and  situated  about  twice  its  greatest  diameter  in  front 
of  the  latter.  Legs  long  but  hind  pair  not  extending  beyond  the 
tip  of  the  abdomen.  Length,  0.92  mm.;  width,  0.61  mm. 

From  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  moist  stones ;  by 
the  writer.  From  Corvallis,  Oregon ;  under  an  old  piece  of 
wood  which  was  lying  on  damp  ground ;  by  the  writer.  The 
single  specimen  which  I  have  from  Corvallis  is  larger  than 
those  obtained  from  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  but  appears  to  be 
the  same  in  other  respects.  The  type  from  Mary's  Peak. 

Notaspis  bipilis  Hermann. 

Recorded  from  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  a  rotting 
log;  by  the  writer.  Recorded  also  from  Corvallis,  Oregon  :  on 
ground  under  an  old  piece  of  wood ;  by  the  writer. 

Cepheus  flavus  n.  sp.    (PI.  Ill,  figs.  14,  15). 

A  long,  recticulated,  rough  species.  Lamellae  very  large,  covering 
much  of  the  cephalothorax,  and  united  along  their  median  free  part 
so  as  to  form  a  hood-like  structure  overhanging  the  rostrum.  Lamel- 
lar and  apparently  interlamellar  hairs  also  wanting.  Pseudostigmatic 


Vol.    Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  87 

organs  moderate,  recurved,  simple,  and  clavate.  Abdomen  reticulated 
above  around  the  margins  and  along  the  free-projecting  margins  of 
the  shoulders,  but  toward  the  center  above  the  reticulations  pass  intc 
a  central  pitted  area.  No  hairs  above.  Genital  opening  subcircular 
in  outline,  about  equal  in  size  to  anal  opening,  and  situated  about 
one-third  its  longest  diameter  in  front  of  the  latter,  which  is  egg- 
shaped  in  outline.  Posterior  legs  not  reaching  the  tip  of  the  abdomen. 
Tarsal  claws  subecjual.  Length,  0.79  mm. ;  width,  0.47  mm. 

From  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  rotting  logs ; 
by  the  writer.  From  Corvallis,  Oregon ;  under  a  log ;  by  the 
writer.  Description  based  on  type  individual  from  Corvallis. 
This  individual  is  considerably  different  from  the  two  speci- 
mens from  Mary's  Peak  in  that  the  pseudostigmatic  organs  are 
more  strongly  clavate,  also  there  is  a  difference  in  the  reticula- 
tions of  the  integument. 

Hermanniella  punctulata  Berlese,  var.  septentrionalis  Berlese. 

Recorded  from  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon;  under  a 
rotting  log;  by  the  writer. 

Hermanniella  punctulata  Berlese,  var.  columbiana  Berlese. 

Recorded  from  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  a 
rotting  log;  by  the  writer.  From  Mt.  Jefferson,  Oregon  (eleva- 
tion about  5,000  ft.)  ;  under  logs  ;  by  the  writer.  From  Coast 
Range  Mountains,  Oregon ;  under  a  log ;  by  the  writer. 

Hermanniella    punctulata    Berlese,    var.    robusta    n.    var.    (PI.    Ill, 

fig.  16). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  being  much  larger.  Measurements  of  type 
(Berlese)  :  "Ad  540  p.  long.,  380  <i.  lat."  Measurements  for  var. 
robusta  n.  var. :  Length,  0.81  mm. ;  width,  0.50  mm. 

From  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  a  rotting  log ;  by 
the  writer.  From  Lake  Permelia,  Oregon  (about  4,000  ft.)  ; 
under  moist  dead  wood  lying  on  ground;  by  the  writer.  No 
differences  noted  between  specimen  from  Mary's  Peak  (Coast 
Range)  and  those  from  Lake  Permelia  (Cascades).  The  type 
from  Mary's  Peak. 

Hermanniella  punctulata  Berlese,  var.  occidentalis  n.  var.   (PI.  Ill, 

fig.   IT). 

Considerably  smaller  than  the  foregoing  variety.  Pseudostigmatic 
organs  more  strongly  clavate  than  in  most  of  the  varieties.  Hind 
pair  of  legs  extending  to  or  beyond  the  tip  of  the  abdomen.  Length, 
0.68  mm. ;  width,  0.40  mm. 


88  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

From  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  a  rotting  log ; 
by  the  writer.  From  Coast  Range  Mountains,  Benton  County, 
Oregon;  under  a  log;  by  the  writer.  Two  specimens,  the  type 
from  Mary's  Peak. 

Family   HOPLODERMATIDAE. 
Phthiracarus   maximus  Ewing. 

From  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak,  Oregon ;  under  rotten  logs ; 
by  the  writer.  From  Coast  Range  Mountains,  Benton  County, 
Oregon ;  under  logs  ;  by  the  writer.  From  Corvallis,  Oregon ; 
under  a  log;  by  the  writer. 

THE  RELATION  OF  THE  FAUNA  OF  THE  TOP  OF  MARY'S  PEAK 
TO  THAT  OF  THE  REST  OF  THE  COUNTRY  AND  EUROPE. 

Here  are  recorded  18  specimens  and  varieties  from  the  top 
of  Mary's  Peak,  all  coming  from  far  up  in  the  boreal  life  zone. 
Of  these  18,  we  find  8  specimens  and  4  varieties  new  to  science. 
In  regard  to  the  distribution  of  these  18  species  and  varieties 
we  find : 

3  are  recorded  from  the  top  of  Mary's  Peak  only. 
7  are   recorded  both  from  the  top  of  Mary's   Peak  and   from  the 
surrounding  region  in  the   transition   life  zone. 

3  are   recorded   from   both   the  Coast  Range   and   Cascade   Moun- 
tains. 

2   species,   recorded    from   the   top   of   Mary's    Peak,   have   distinct 
Varieties  at  lower    altitudes. 

4  species   found  at  the  top  of   Mary's   Peak,  have  been  recorded 

from  the  eastern  part  of  the  United  States. 

I    species    from   the   top   of    Mary's   peak   is   known   to   be    widely 
distributed    in   Europe. 

We  find,  therefore,  that  the  beetle  mite  fauna  of  Mary's 
Peak,  while  related  somewhat  to  that  of  the  eastern  part  of 
the  United  States  and  Europe,  is  in  the  main  quite  distinct. 
Further,  it  is  equally  distinct  from  the  fauna  of  the  Cascade 
Mountains.  Only  3  of  the  18  forms  recorded  from  the  top  of 
this  mountain  were  also  recorded  from  the  Cascade  Mountains. 
This  is  not  because  of  lack  of  records  from  the  Cascades,  for 
I  have  probably  as  many  species  from  these  mountains  as  from 
the  Coast  Range.  The  beetle  mites  found  on  the  top  of  Mary's 


Vol.    XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  89 

Peak  are  most  closely  related  to  those  found  in  lower  altitudes 
of  the  Coast  Range  Mountains.  Seven  of  the  18  forms  were 
found  at  lower  altitudes,  and  in  two  other  cases  a  slightly 
different  variety  was  recorded  for  the  lower  altitudes.  It 
would  be  interesting  to  know  how  closely  the  beetle  mites  from 
Mary's  Peak  are  related  to  those  of  the  South  Pacific  and  A.sia, 
but  at  present  we  know  very  little  of  the  mite  fauna  of  these 
latter  regions. 

SOME  DISTINCTIVE  FEATURES  OF  THE  FAUNA  OF  THE  HIGHER 

ALTITUDES  OF  MARY'S  PEAK. 

One  of  the  most  distinctive  features  of  the  beetle  mite  fauna 
of  the  eastern  part  of  the  United  States  is  the  very  large 
number  of  shiny  species  in  proportion  to  the  rough  ones.  In 
this  respect  we  find  the  fauna  of  Mary's  Peak  in  harmony  with 
that  of  the  eastern  United  States.  Thirteen  of  the  18  forms  re- 
corded from  the  top  of  the  mountain  are  shiny.  We  note, 
among  other  things,  3  species  of  Liacarus,  all  new.  We  find 
4  varieties  of  Hermanniella  punctuhita  Berlese,  the  largest 
number  recorded  from  any  one  locality.  We  note  the  occur- 
rence of  a  species  of  the  genus  Jitgatala  Ewing,  a  genus  in 
which  the  pteromorphae  are  united  by  a  shelf-like  chitinous 
projection  from  the  anterior  margin  of  the  abdomen.  We  note 
the  absence  of  species  belonging  to  the  family  Hypochthonidae, 
and  the  record  of  only  one  species  of  Hoplodermatidae. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  III. 

Fig.  I. — Envelops  monticolus  n.  sp.  Left  pseudostigmatic  organ 
from  above. 

Fig.  2. — Eupelops  monticolus  n.  sp.  var.  siibborealii  n.  var.  Left 
pseudostigmatic  organ  from  above. 

F%-  3- — Achipteria  orcgonensis  n.  sp.  Left  pseudostigmatic  or.nan 
from  above. 

Fig.  9. — Oribatclla  aciita  n.  sp.     Left  lamella  from  above. 

Fig.  10. — Liacarus  bidcntatus  n.  sp.  Tip  of  left  lamella  and  its 
lamellar  hair  from  above. 

Fig.  ii. — Liacants  robustvs  n.  sp.  Left  pseudostigmatic  organ  from 
above. 

Fig.  12. — Liacarus  acquidentatus  n.  sp.  Left  pseudostigmatic  organ 
from  above. 


90  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

Fig.  13. — Liacarus  acquidcntatus  n.  sp.  Tip  of  left  lamella  and  its 
lamellar  hair  from  above. 

Fig.  14. — Cepheus  flams  n.  sp.  Left  pseudostigmatic  organ  from 
above.  W  &\ 

Fig.  15. — Cepheus  flams  n.  sp.  Tarsus  and  part  of  tibia  of  leg  I, 
from  above. 

Fig.  16. — Hermanniella  punctulata  Berlese  var.  robusia  n.  var.  Left 
pseudostigma  and  pseudostigmatic  organ  from  above. 

Fig.  17. — Hermanniella  punctulata  var.  occidentalis  n.  var.  Left 
pseudostigma  and  pseudostigmatic  organ  from  above. 


The  Mtcropterygidae  Not  of  the  Jugate  Type  (Lep.). 

By  R.  J.  TILLYARD,  Macleay  Fellow  in  Zoology,  Linnean 

Society  of  New  South  Wales. 

While  carrying  out  researches  upon  the  phylogeny  of  the 
Panorpoid  orders,  I  have  made  a  careful  study  of  the  Jugate 
Lepidoptera.  The  result  of  the  study  of  five  genera  of  the 
family  Micropterygidae  (sens,  lot.,  including  the  Eriocraniidae) 
is  that  I  find  them  all  to  be,  not  of  the  jugate  type  of  the 
Hepialidae,  but  of  a  more  primitive  jugo-frenate  type,  in  which 
the  wing-coupling  apparatus  closely  resembles  that  of  the 
Planipennia,  Megaloptera  and  Alecoptera.  On  the  hind  wing, 
near  the  base  of  the  costa,  there  is  a  strongly  developed  frenu- 

lum  of  from  two  to  six  bristles  (usu- 
ally three  or  four),  which  becomes  en- 
gaged, during  flight,  in  the  sinus  formed 
between  the  dorsum  of  the  forewing 
and  the  so-called  jugum  ;  this  latter  is 

a.  Base  of  dorsum  of  forewing     bent    Undct'    tllC    f°™    <^'"<7    With    its    apex 

'  f4a'nobe    pointing  outward  and  forward,  and  acts 


wh?"m)vierwed  "from  b£    as  a  retinaculuni  for  the  frenulum,  and 
of  MAn  .Vsfme!   not  in  any  way  as  a  jugum  or  "yoke" 
viewld    ^or  the  costa  of  the  hind  wing  as  it  does 


from  above.   (x6o.)  jn  the  Hepialidae.     The  accompanying 

figure  will  explain  these  points  clearly.  I  will  shortly  publish 
a  full  account  of  my  researches,  and  only  send  this  short  note 
because  of  the  present-day  difficulties  and  delays  in  sending 
communications  from  Australia  to  other  parts  of  the  world. 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  9 1 

Some  Genera  of  Bees  (Hym.)« 
BY  CHARLES  ROBERTSON,  Carlinville,  Illinois. 

In  my  paper,  "Synopsis  of  Halictinae,"  Can.  Ent.,  34:243-50, 
1902,  species  with  pubescent  fasciae  on  the  apical  margins  01 
the  abdominal  segments  and  with  the  cubital  nervures  not  en- 
feebled or  obsolescent  were  referred  to  Halictus,  while  those 
with  the  fasciae  on  the  basal  margins  and  the  third  cubital 
nervure  enfeebled  were  referred  to  Lasioglossum.  It  is  pro- 
posed to  subdivide  these  groups. 

//.  parallelns  Say  (H .  occidentalis  Cress.)  and  H.  leron.vii 
Lep.  are  retained  in  Halictus. 

Odontalictus  n.  gen.,  with  O.  Vujatns   (H.  ligatus   Say 
H.  armaliceps  Cress.)  as  the  type,  is  separated  on  account  of 
the  cheeks  of  the  female  being  produced  into  a  tooth. 

Seladonia  n.  gen.,  with  S.  sdadonia  (H.  scladonins  F.)  as 
the  type,  includes  rather  small,  greenish  species,  like  .S\  fas- 
data,  flavipes,  etc. 

Curtisapis  n.  gen.,  with  C.  coriacca  (H.  coriaccns  Sm.)  as 
the  type,  is  separated  on  account  of  the  serrate  hind  spurs  of 
the  females.  The  females  are  more  opaque  and  smaller  than 
in  Lasioglossum.  It  includes  also  C.  fiiscipcnnis  and  forbcsii. 

Neotrypetes  n.  gen.,  with  Trypcies  prodnctus  as  type,  has 
the  second  ventral  segment  of  the  male  chitinous  on  the  sides 
and  membranous  in  the  middle.  The  first  segment  is  larger,  is 
produced  over  the  second  and  is  clasped  by  the  apical  dorsal 
segment.  In  the  type  of  Trypctes,  T.  truncorum.  the  first  seg- 
ment is  not  produced.  The  second  is  larger  and  the  apex  of 
the  last  dorsal  segment  is  pressed  against  it.  In  Trypctes  male 
the  principal  ventral  segment  is  the  second,  while  in  Neotry- 
petes male  the  first  is  the  principal  one. 

Zaperdita  n.  gen.,  with  Pcrdita  niaitra  as  type,  has  the  max- 
illary palps  consolidated.  It  might  properly  be  referred  to 
Geoperdita,  but  that  genus  is  said  to  have  only  three  joints  to 
the  labial  palps. 

Heterosarus  n.  gen.,  with  Calliopsis  pan'its  as  type,  differ.-i 
from  Pscudopanurgus  in  having  the  tibial  scopa  of  simple 
hairs.-  Pseudopanurgus  has  a  plumose  scopa  and  collects  pol- 


92  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'l8 

len  exclusively  from  Compositae,  while  Hcterosants  collects 
pollen  from  a  variety  of  flowers. 

Epimelissodes  A  slim.— This  genus  was  based  on  the  state- 
ments that  the  first  and  second  cubital  cells  were  subequal  and 
the  maxillary  palps  three-jointed.  In  Trans.  Acad.  Sci.,  St. 
Louis,  10:53,  I  have  pointed  out  that  the  second  cubital  cell 
is  often  smaller  than  the  first  and  the  maxillary  palps  four- 
jointed.  However,  I  would  retain  the  genus  for  the  three 
species  whose  males  fall  together  in  my  table,  Trans.  Am. 
Ent.  Soc.,  31  'j6g.  These  are  E.  atripcs,  obliqua  and  illinoen- 
sis. 

Zaodontomerus  Ashm. — The  genus  was  defined  as  having 
the  maxillary  palps  four-jointed  and  the  hind  femora  of  the 
males  with  a  large  tooth  beneath.  In  Trans.  Acad.  Sci.,  St. 
Louis,  10:54,  I  referred  C.  calcarata  to  Ccratina  because,  while 
it  had  the  toothed  femora,  it  had  six-jointed  maxillary  palps. 
But  I  think  it  is  better  to  refer  it  to  Zaodontomerus  without 
regard  to  the  joints  of  the  palps. 

The  females  of  C.  dnpla  and  Z.  calcaratus  have  never  been 
identified.  I  certainly  have  females  of  both  which  I  cannot 
distinguish. 

In  a  copy  of  his  paper  sent  me,  Ashmead  made  a  marginal 
note  that  o  had  been  omitted  from  the  printed  Zadontomerus. 
It  seems  to  me  that  it  was  correct  to  elide  the  o. 

Sarogaster  nom.  nov. — This  is  substituted  for  Gnathodon, 
which  is  preoccupied  in  Mollusca.  The  type  is  5.  gcorgicits 
(Mcgachilc  georgica  Cress.). 


Genuine   Entomological   Enthusiasm. 

Various  numbers  of  the  Entomologist  (London)  during  the  year  1917 
contain  "Notes  on  some  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  the  British  Line  in 
France,"  by  Capt.  H.  D.  Smart,  Royal  Army  Medical  Corps,  wherein 
the  author  remarks  :  "From  the  nature  of  my  occupation,  serious  col- 
lecting has  been  impossible,  and  the  insects  taken  or  observed  are  th" 
result  of  day-time  rambles.  Collecting  by  night  and  by  the  rearing  of 
larvae  have  both  been  impossible.  Often  I  have  had  no  net.  and  the 
difficulty  of  using  a  net  in  trenches  needs  experience  for  its  proper 
appreciation."  (Jan.,  1917).  In  a  later  installment  is  a  reference  to 
"the  time  when  a  shrapnel  bullet  put  an  end  to  my  continental  activi- 
ties." (Oct.,  1917).  In  spite  of  all  the  difficulties  and  d:uigrrs,  Capt. 
Smart  has  noted  many  species  of  almost  all  groups  of  Lepidoptera. 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  93 

Notes  on  the  Hibernating  of  the  Belted   Cucumber 

Beetle  (Col.). 
By  R.  A.  SELL.  Houston,  Texas. 

Owing  to  the  absence  of  Dr.  J.  S.  Huxley,  who  suddenly 
decided  to  answer  the  call  for  England's  sons  to  enter  the  war, 
the  work  of  1916-17  in  continuation  of  the  experiments  with 
Diabroticas,  begun  Sept.  16,  1915,  was  not  carried  out  ac- 
cording to  plans  which  had  been  worked  out.  Extensive  ex- 
periments with  i2-punctata  and  the  saddled  cucumber  beetle 
were  abandoned  when  Mr.  Simmons  took  a  year's  leave  of 
absence  and  the  Department  of  Biology  of  Rice  Institute  was 
compelled  to  meet  the  demands  of  a  heavy  enrollment  of  under- 
graduate students. 

The  experiments  with  the  belted  cucumber  beetle  (Diabro- 
tica  baltcata  Lee.)  were  carried  through  under  conditions  that 
seemed  to  be  satisfactory  in  every  way  except  that  it  was  an 
unusual  winter.  Cold  weather  set  in  much  earlier  than  com- 
mon and  the  usual  periods  of  prolonged  rainy  weather  did  not 
occur.  There  were  no  long  periods  of  very  warm  weather 
and  the  temperature  did  not  stand  as  high  as  usual.  The 
barometric  readings  showed  less  variations  than  usual.  No 
attempt  has  been  made  to  explain  what  effect  these  weather 
conditions  had  upon  the  insects  but  it  is  quite  probable  that 
they  prepared  for  hibernation  earlier  than  usual  because  of  the 
low  temperature. 

All  of  the  specimens  used  in  the  following  experiment 
were  obtained  at  market  gardens  within  eight  miles  of  Hous- 
ton, Texas. 

PREPARATION  FOR  HIBERNATING. 

During  the  latter  part  of  October  these  beetles  were  espec- 
ially destructive  to  the  foliage  of  various  kinds  of  plants.  The;, 
were  particularly  destructive  to  egg  plant  and  late  beans  but 
many  of  them  could  be  found  in  the  cane  fields,  working  among 
the  stumps  and  the  younger  leaves.  Undoubtedly  this  rep- 
resented a  long  period  of  eating. 

About  340  beetles  were  brought  in  from  tin-  fields  on  Novcm- 


94  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  "18 

her  7-9-11.  While  they  appeared  to  be  very  lively  they  ate 
sparingly.  Both  sexes  were  so  plump  and  heavy  that  males 
were  often  mistaken  for  females.  They  seemed  to  be  nervous 
and  would  fly  frequently,  even  without  an  apparent  cause,  but 
when  they  were  subjected  to  the  "Fatigue  Experiment"  as  used 
on  12-pitnctata  (Journal  of  Economic  Entomology,  Vol.  9,  p. 
554),  they  proved  to  be  decidedly  lacking  in  power  of  en- 
durance. 

The  first  pair  put  to  the  real  test,  rated  as  No.  I,  made  the 
following  record : 

Nov.  n,  fatigued  in  8  min. 

Nov.   12,  fatigued   in   11   min.;   ate  very   little. 

Nov.  13,  fatigued   in  8  min. 

Nov.  14,  fatigued   in   14  min. ;   nibbled   in  a  mechanical  manner. 

Nov.  16,  fatigued  in  16  min. 

Nov.  17,  fatigued  in   12  min. ;  would  not  eat. 

Nov.  18,  fatigued  in   14  min.;  very  restless. 

Nov.  19,  fatigued  in  8  min. ;  stupid. 

Nov.  20,  fatigued  in  18  min. ;  active,  ate  fairly  well. 

Nov.  21,  fatigued  in  14  min.;  would  not  eat. 

Nov.  22,  fatigued  in  8  min. ;   stupid. 

Nov.  23,  fatigued    in    6   min. ;    male    flew    across    the    room    only    two 

times. 

Nov.  25,  neither  would  fly. 

Pair   No.    2. 

Nov.  n,  fatigued  in  n  min. 

Nov.  12,  fatigued  in  10  min. 

Nov.  13,  fatigued  in  7  min. ;  male  indisposed. 

Nov.  14,  fatigued  in  11  min. 

Nov.  16,  fatigued  in  12  min. 

Nov.  17,  fatigued   in  15  min. 

Nov.  18,  fatigued   in  n   min. 

Nov.  19,  fatigued  in  14  min. 

Nov.  20,  fatigued  in  12  min. 

Nov.  21,  fatigued  in  16  min. 

Nov.  22,  fatigued  in  19  min. 

Nov.  23,  fatigued  in  14  min. 


both  ate. 


male  especially  lively, 
both   restless, 
ate  very  little, 
not  very  active, 
restless, 
lively, 
refused  food. 


Nov.  25,  fatigued  in  9  min. ;  male  did  not  fly. 

Nov.  26,  fatigued  in  12  min. ;  stupid. 

Nov.  28,  fatigued  in  4  min. ;  male  would  not  fly. 

Nov.  29,  fatigued  in  8  min. ;  very  stupid. 

Nov.  30,  fatigued  in  7  min. 

Dec.     2,  neither  would  fly. 


Vol.  xxix] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    \F.\YS. 


95 


Nov. 

Nov. 
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Nov. 
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Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
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Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 


Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Dec. 

Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Nov. 


n,  fatigued  in   12  min. 

12,  fatigued   in   16  min. 

13,  fatigued   in    18   min. 

14,  fatigued  in    16  min. 

16,  fatigued  in  12  min. 

17,  fatigued  in   17  min. 

18,  fatigued  in   14  min. 

19,  fatigued   in   12  min. 

20,  fatigued  in  16  min. 

21,  fatigued  in  16  min. 

22,  fatigued  in  14  min. 

23,  fatigued   in  9  min. ; 

25,  fatigued  in  5  min. ; 

26,  fatigued  in  6  min. ; 

28,  fatigued  in  4  min. ; 

29,  neither   would   fly. 


Pair  No.  3. 
;  lively. 
;   ate  heartily. 

;    female   excitable. 
;   female  deposited  three  eyi;s,   live 
;   female  seemed  normal. 
:  both  ate  well. 

;   restless. 

;   neither  would  eat. 
;  male  stupid. 

;  male  flew  about   four  min. 
male   flew  one  min. 
male  would  not  fly. 
male  more  lively. 
male  would  not  fly. 


12, 
13, 
14, 
16. 

17, 
18, 

19- 

20, 
21, 
22, 
23, 
25- 
26, 
28. 

29, 

30, 

2, 

II, 

12, 
13, 
14, 

16, 


fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
male  died, 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
refused  to 

fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 
fatigued  in 


Pair    No.    4. 
14  min. 
12  min. 

14  min. ;   lively. 
16  min. ;   both  ate. 
18  min. ;  both  lively. 

12  min. ;   another  male. 
14  min. ;   active. 

18  min. ;  both  took   food. 

16  min. ;  rather  nervous. 

19  min. 

17  min. ;  male  died  two  hours  after  test. 

20  min. ;   female  alone. 

12  min. ;   female  alone,  stupid. 

8  min. ;   female  alone,  more  lively. 

female  alone,  stupid. 

female  alone. 


10  mn. 
12  min. 
fly. 


Pair  No.  5. 

15  min. 

16  min. ;  ate  heartily. 
14  min. 

18  min. ;  lively. 

19  min. ;  very  lively. 
18  min. ;  ate  heartily. 


96  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'l8 

Nov.  18,  fatigued   in   14  min. ;   male  rather   stupid. 

Nov.  19,  fatigued   in   16  min. ;   male   flew  very  deliberately. 

Nov.  20,  fatigued  in  8  min. ;  both  stupid. 

Nov.  21,  fatigued  in  12  min. ;  ate  Very  little. 

Nov.  22,  fatigued   in   11    min.;   would   not  eat. 

Nov.  23,  fatigued  in  8  min. ;  male  flew  about  three  minutes. 

Nov.  25,  fatigued  in   10  min. ;  both  nervous. 

Nov.  26,  fatigued  in  7  min. ;  male  would  not  fly. 

Nov.  28,  fatigued  in   n   min.;   male  flew  well. 

Nov.  29,  fatigued   in  8  min. ;   both  stupid. 

Nov.  30,  fatigued  in  5  min. ;  male  would  not  fly. 

Dec.  2,  fatigued  in  7  min. ;  both  stupid. 

Dec.  3,  fatigued  in  4  min. ;  male  would   not  fly. 

Dec.  4,  fatigued  in   i   min. ;   male   would  not   fly. 

During  these  experiments  each  pair  was  kept  in  a  paste- 
board box  with  a  covering  of  mosquito-bar.  They  were  kept 
in  the  laboratory  and  fresh  leaves  were  supplied  when  needed. 
It  is  well  known  that  insects  will  not  become  stupid  and  lapse 
into  sleep,  or  partial-sleep,  as  readily  under  the  unnatural  con- 
ditions of  the  best  planned  laboratory  as  they  will  in  their  nat- 
ural environment.  Accordingly,  on  Dec.  2,  pair  No.  3  was 
placed  in  the  outside  laboratory.  That  night  they  sought 
shelter  in  the  soil.  When  disturbed  the  next  day  they  seemed 
anxious  to  get  deeper  into  the  ground,  but  on  Dec.  4  they  were 
quite  asleep.  This  seemed  to  confirm  the  assumption  that  the 
increasing  stupidity  and  lack  of  ability  or  inclination  to  fly, 
even  when  confronted  with  the  stimulus  of  a  hand-bellows  and 
strong,  disagreeable  odors,  was  due  to  a  physiological  prepara- 
tion for  a  period  of  inactivity. 

OBSERVATION  OF  HIBERNATING  HABITS. 

In  order  to  get  exact  data  as  to  how  these  insects  spend  the 
winter,  outdoor  insect-cages  were  provided.  These  cages  were 
1 6  inches  square,  and  were  covered  on  all  sides  with  small- 
mesh  wire  screen.  The  ground  served  as  a  floor — the  soil 
being  dug  up  and  some  leaves  and  sticks  worked  in  to  make  it 
easy  for  the  insects  to  get  as  far  beneath  the  surface  as  they 
desired  to  go. 

On  Nov.  12  the  beetles  were  carefully  separated  into  lots. 


Vol.  xxix] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


97 


In  each  of  ten  of  these  cages  24  beetles  were  placed — 12  males 
and  12  females — and  the  cages  were  numbered  from  i  to  10. 
In  addition  to  the  ten  cages  one  cage  containing  98  beetles  was 
kept  as  a  reserve  and  treated  in  every  way  like  the  others.  They 
wtre  supplied  with  plenty  of  fresh  leaves  from  day  to  day  but 
by  Nov.  25  comparatively  few  of  them  ate  with  a  normal  ap- 
petite. Following  this  was  a  period  of  inactivity. 
An  abbreviated  outline  of  a  mass  of  notes  follows : 


Lot  No.  i: 

Nov.  22,  loss  of  appetite. 
Nov.  26,  very  restless. 
Nov.  30.  sluggish,    refused    food. 
Dec.     4.  3    males    went    into    the 

ground. 
Dec.    5,  5   males    and    3     females 

went  into  the  ground. 
Dec.      6.  3    males    and    Q    females 

went  into   the  ground. 
Dec.     8,  i     male     went     into     the 

ground. 

Dec.    10,  all   in   subconscious   con- 
dition. 

Feb.    22,  3   females  above  ground. 
Feb.    23,  7   females   and    2    males 

came  out. 
Feb.    24,  2    females    and  8  males 

came  out. 
Feb.    25.  i  male  came  out. 

(Investigation    showed   that   the 

other  male   was  dead). 

Lot  No.  2. 

Xov.  22,  feeding  contentedly. 
Nov.  25,  restless. 
Dec.      2,  sluggish. 
Dec.      4,  i  male  went  out  of  sight. 
Dec.      5,  ii    males   and   6   females 

left  the  leaves. 
Dec.     8,  5    females   went  beneath 

the  surface. 

Dec.      9,  all  in  the  ground. 
Feb.    24,  i  female  came  out. 


Feb.    26,  3  females  came  out. 

Feb.    27,  4    females    and    7    males 
came  out. 

Feb.      28,  3    females   and   3   males 
came  out. 

Mar.     3,  all  out. 

Lot  No.  3. 

Nov.  23,  restless. 

Nov.  25,  restless. 

Dec.     2,  sluggish. 

Dec.      4,  8  males  and  i  female  out 
of  sight. 

Dec.      5,  i  male  and  4  females  dis- 
appeared. 

Dec.      6,  2   males    and    6    females 
disappeared. 

Dec.     8,  i     male     and     I     female 
disappeared. 

Feb.      22,  8  females  above  ground. 

Feb.    23,  3  females  and  8  males  ap- 
peared. 

Feb.      25,  3  males  appeared. 

(In    this   cage   one    female    was 

found   dead,   and   one   male   could 

not  be  found). 

Lot  No.  4. 

Dec.     6,  all  had  disappeared. 
Feb.    22,  first  came  out. 
Alar.     3,  all  of  them  were  out. 

Lot  No.  5. 

Dec.  5,  first  one  disappeared. 
Dec.  12,  last  one  disappeared. 
Feb.  24,  first  ones  came  out. 


98  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'iS 

Mar.     6,  all  out  but  6  females.  Lot    No.    8. 

(The    6    females  had   been    de-      Dec.      5,  2  males  disappeared, 
stroyed    by    the    larva    of    a    pre-       Dec    10,  all    of    them   beneath    the 
daceous  beetle).  surface. 

Feb.    22,  i    female   appeared. 
Lot    No     6  Mar.     5,  all   of   them   were   out. 

Dec.     4,  first  ones  disappeared.  Lot    No.    9. 

Dec.    10,  all  of  them  were  out  of  Dec.     2,  i  male  disappeared. 

sight.  Dec.    10,  the  last  one  disappeared. 

Feb.    22,  one  female  came  out.  Feb.    21,  I  female  came  out. 

Mar.     6,  all   of   them   were   out.  Mar.     2,  they   were   all   out. 

Lot   No.   10. 

Lot    No"    7"  Dec.      4,  8  males,   i   female  disap- 
Dec.      2,  first  one  disappeared.  peared 

Dec    12,  all  of  them  were  beneath  Dec     IIt  ajj    Of    t]:em    had    disap- 

the  surface.  peared. 

Feb.    22,  5   females  came  out.  Feb.    23,  4  females  came  out. 

Alar.     2,   they   were   all   out.  Mar.     2,  all   of   them   were   out. 

Summarizing  the  above,  the  insects  went  into  the  ground  dur- 
ing the  nine  days,  Dec.  4-12  inclusive,  and  they  came  out  dur- 
ing the  fourteen  days,  Feb.  21  to  March  6  inclusive.  The 
longest  period  possible  for  a  beetle  to  have  remained  under- 
ground was  ninety-two  days  while  the  shortest  period  possible 
was  seventy-one  days. 

They  showed  a  decided  preference  for  going  down  along 
the  roots  of  biennials — the  coffee  bean  is  a  favorite  plant  for 
their  winter  quarters.  In  the  hibernating  condition  the  legs  are 
drawn  up  next  to  the  body,  the  wing  covers  tightly  closed,  and 
the  antennae  drooped.  When  taken  out  of  the  ground  a  hiber- 
nating beetle  is  very  much  asleep.  While  it  can  be  handled 
roughly  without  the  least  show  of  life  there  is  a  tenseness  of 
the  muscles  that  betrays  the  real  condition.  Possibly  the  quick- 
est way  to  awaken  a  beetle  from  this  condition  is  to  put  it  in 
the  sun. 

COLOR  PHASES. 

It  seems  pertinent  to  add  to  the  above  a  few  observations  on 
the  baffling  question  of  "color  phases"  which  seem  to  appear 
so  distinctly  and  to  disappear  so  completely  among  the  spotted 
forms  of  the  Diabroticas  that  they  are  almost  like  a  mirage.  The 
color  phases  of  the  Belted  Cucumber  Beetle  seem  to  present  a 


Vol.    Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  99 

problem  as  puzzling  and  as  interesting  as  that  of  the  California 
Flower  Beetle  (Diabrotica  soror}.1  During  the  latter  part  of 
the  summer  most  of  them  are  light  green  marked  with  the  reg- 
ulation "belt"  of  light  yellow,  but  careful  observation  from  day 
to  day  will  reveal  a  few  individuals  that  are  marked  rather 
sharply — instead  of  the  "belted"  effect  they  present  the  ap- 
pearance of  being  spotted  and  the  spots  are  nearly  white  since 
they  have  almost  lost  the  yellow  shade  while  the  back-ground 
of  green  seems  to  have  taken  on  a  deeper  shade.  When  killed 
and  placed  in  the  cabinet  such  individuals  fade  out  so  com- 
pletely that  it  is  impossible  to  distinguish  them  from  the  reg- 
ular forms.  The  proportion  of  this  form  increases  as  the  time 
for  hibernating  approaches.  The  "old  age"  phase  seems  to  be 
a  faded  green  with  an  increasing  "belted"  effect. 


The  Genus  Lycaena,  Enoptes  Group  (Lep.). 
By  R.  C.  WILLIAMS.  Jr.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(Plates  IV,  V,  VI.) 

Until  recently  the  species  of  these  butterflies  have  been  con- 
fused in  collections.  In  1911,  Dr.  Henry  Skinner  (Ent.  News, 
XXII.  p.  259)  considered  the  three  names  then  in  use  repre- 
sented but  forms  of  one  species.  In  this  he  was  then  justified 
by  the  fact  that  they  are  extremely  close  in  color  and  macula- 
tion,  and  all  variable,  and  the  types  were  not  available,  that  of 
enoptes  Boisd.  being  in  Europe,  battoidcs  Behr  destroyed  and 
glancon  Edwards  not  fixed. 

A  further  study  of  the  male  genitalia,  however,  showed  a 
remarkable  difference  in  the  clasps,  and  in  1916-17  Drs.  Barnes 
T'.nd  McDunnough.  in  their  valuable  work  (Cont.  Lep.  N.  A 
III.  p.  116,  p.  213),  added  a  number  of  names  to  the  list  and 
figured  the  species  and  male  genitalia. 

In  the  meantime,  to  definitely  place  the  first  species,  enoptcs, 
\\hich  is  in  Mr.  Charles  Oberthiir's  collection  at  Rennes, 
France,  and  which  he  so  beautifully  figured  (Etud.  Lep.  Coinp. 
IX.  PI.  237,  Fig.  1948  tf  .  1949  9  "I  in  1913.  I  sent  to  him 

journal  of  Economic  Entomology,  Vol.  8,  page  515. 


TOO  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'iS 

preparations  of  the  genitalia  of  the  two  California  species  in- 
volved, with  a  request  for  a  comparison  with  the  type.  He 
promptly  forwarded  hoth  slides  and  type  to  Dr.  R.  L.  Reverdin 
at  Geneva,  Switzerland,  who  made  a  preparation  from  the  type 
specimen  in  the  same  manner  in  which  mine  were  made,  i.  c., 
with  the  girdle,  clasps  and  aedoeagus  separately  mounted,  and 
the  photograph  of  this  is  reproduced  here  (Plate  IV)  thus 
establishing  cnoptcs  Boisd.  It  will  be  noted  that  Drs.  Barnes 
and  McDunnough  had  correctly  determined  the  species. 

Dr.  Reverdin  writes  that  the  genitalia  agree  with  those  of 
my  specimen  which  was  from  Truckee,  California.  VII,  (Sin- 
clair), and  states  that  the  aedoeagus  of  cnoptcs  is  bilobed  at 
its  internal  extremity,  though  this  character  is  only  indicated 
in  the  photograph. 

In  addition  to  the  Truckee  series  of  cnoptcs,  I  have  this 
species,  genitalically  determined,  from  Benton  County,  Oregon, 
larger  in  size  and  differing  somewhat  in  the  relative  intensity 
of  the  maculation  from  type,  but  probably  not  sufficiently  to 
warrant  a  varietal  name. 

I  also  have  cnoptcs,  genitalically  determined,  from  F.ureka, 
Utah,  7000  ft.  VI,  i  (Spalding)  ;  Park  City,  Utah,  VII.  5 
(Snyder)  ;  Stockton,  Utah,  VI,  13;  Chimney  Gulch,  Golden, 
Colorado,  V  (Oslar).  These  are  the  ylaucon  of  B.  &  McD. 

The  second  example  sent  over  by  me  was  from  an  insect 
from  Havilah,  California,  VI,  ir>  (Grinnell).  resembling  the 
figure  of  cnoptcs  and  since  named  battoides  bcnwrdino  by 
Barnes  and  McDunnough,  with  which  it  agrees  in  the  male 
genitalia.  That  their  conception  of  baltoidcs  Behr  is  correct, 
is  confirmed  by  the  fact  that  there  is  an  insect  in  the  Henry 
Edwards  collection  in  New  York,  labelled  "Lone  Mountain. 
Lake  Tahoe,"  and  in  his  catalog  marked  by  him  "True  to  type" 
(of  battoides),  which  agrees  with  the  Barnes  and  McDunnough 
figure  except  that  it  is  not  quite  so  strongly  marked  below. 

I  have  battoides  bcrnardino,  genitalically  determined,  from 
Bodie  ;  Fredalba  VII,  23  (Pilate)  ;  Southern  California  (Po- 
ling) ;  Techachapi.  VII,  4  (Haskin)  ;  Nellie,  California,  VII, 
2T,  (Hewlett)  and  battoides  ccntralis  from  Jcmez  Mountains, 
New  Mexico,  VII,  18,  (Woodgate). 


Vol.    X-xix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  IOI 

The  third  species,  glaucon  Edw.  or  spaldingi  B.  &  McD., 
I  received  from  Mr.  B.  N.  Lehman  near  Eureka,  Utah,  at  7500 
ft.  elevation,  twelve  years  ago,  and  while  recognizing  it  as 
unusual  and  genitalically  distinct,  I  have  been  unable  to  con- 
vince myself  that  it  is  not  Mr.  Edwards'  species.  It  is  this 
form  from  Stockton,  Utah,  that  Dr.  Skinner  had  before  him, 
and  determined  as  glaucon,  and  there  are  two  Colorado  in- 
dividuals of  this  form  in  Dr.  Holland's  Edwards  collection  in 
Pittsburgh.  The  species  is  found  in  a  number  of  the  col- 
lector's localities  in  northern  Utah.  The  type  specimens  prob- 
ably were  collected  near  Virginia  City,  Nevada,  and  they  ap- 
pear to  be  lost.  Although  this  locality  and  the  known  Utah 
range  of  the  species  are  widely  separated,  the  physiographical 
conditions  are  similar,  and  the  insect  may  have  a  wider  range 
than  now  appears,  especially  as  Nevada  is  a  State  in  which 
relatively  little  collecting  has  been  done. 

I  have  been  unable  to  find  any  constant  character  of  color 
or  maculation  by  means  of  which  to  separate  cnoptcs  and 
battoidcs  but,  as  pointed  out  by  Dr.  Skinner,  all  of  the  examples 
of  glaucon  I  have  examined  show  the  orange  band  of  the 
secondaries  below,  continued  on  the  primaries,  and  while  dimin- 
ishing in  intensity  as  it  approaches  the  outer  angle,  nevertheless 
gives  the  insect  a  decidedly  inclissa-\\ke  appearance. 

L\'cocna  riia  B.  &  McD.  I  have  not  examined  genitalically. 

The  genus  Philotcs  in  which  the  above  insects  have  recently 
been  placed,  was  erected  for  sonorcnsis  Feld.,  which  differs 
in  general  appearance  from  all  of  our  Lycaeninae,  so  that  if 
Lycacna  is  to  be  split  up,  cnoptcs  and  its  allies  are  entitled  to 
a  generic  name  of  their  own,  but  I  am  inclined  to  place  all 
of  the  above,  together  with  piasus  Boisd.,  lygdamns  Dbld., 
xerces  Boisd.,  and  the  recently  re-discovered  pardalis  Behr 
under  Lycacna  Fab.,  (type  arion  Linn.),  on  account  of  the 
close  and  distinctive  characters  of  the  aedeoagus,  and  also  of 
the  girdle,  tegumen  and  dorsal  hooks,  sinking  Pliacdrotes 
Scud,  and  Glaucopsyche  Scud. 

Plates  IV,  V  and  VI  show  the  armature  of  the  four  species 
enoptes,  battoidcs,  glaucon  and  sonorensis,  in  outline,  drawn 
from  microscopic  projections. 


IO2  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'l8 

The  original  insects  and  accompanying  slides  of  genitalia 
referred  to  in  this  paper  are  deposited  in  the  cabinet  of  the 
American  Entomological  Society.  Thanks  are  due  to  Mr. 
Oberthiir  and  Dr.  Reverdin  for  their  kindness  and  assistance 
in  clearing  up  the  American  nomenclature. 

EXPLANATION   OF   PLATES. 

Plate  IV.      $    genitalia  of  type  of  Lycaena  cnoMcs  Boisd. 
Plate     V.     Fig.    i,    2,    3,    Lycaena    battoidcs    bernardino    B.    &    McD., 

Fredalba,   California. 
Fig.   4,    5,   Lycaena    battoides   ccntralis    B.   &   McD.,   Jcmez 

Mts.,  New  Mexico. 

Fig.  6,  girdle  Lycaena  enoptcs  Boisd. ;  Benton  County.  Ore- 
gon. 
Fig.  7,  8,  9,  clasp,  aedoeagus  and  fulcrum;  enoptcs,  Eureka. 

Utah. 

Fig.   10,  clasp;   enoptes,  Truckee,   California. 
Plate  VI.     Fig.  i,  2,  3,  Lycaena  glaucon  Edw.  Eureka,  Utah. 

Fig.  4,  5,  6,  Lycaena  sonorensis  Feld.,  Nellie,  California. 


A  New  Species  of  the  Genus  Nemobius  from  Cali- 
fornia (Orthoptera ;  Gryllidae  ;  Gryllinae). 
By  JAMES  A.  G.  REIIN  and  MORGAN  HEP.ARD,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Nemobius  eurynotus1  new  species. 

The  present  remarkable  species  is  readily  separable  from 
any  other  of  the  genus  found  in  the  United  States  by  its  large 
size,  broad  form,  general  coloration,  sub-obsolete  ocelli  and  ex- 
tremely short  ovipositor,  which  in  proportionate  brevity  is  only 
equalled  by  that  of  AT.  caroliuits  brevicaudits  Bruner.  The  un- 
equal disto-ventral  pair  of  caudal  tibial  spurs,  however,  show 
the  position  of  the  species  to  be  in  the  first  section  of  the 
North  American  forms  of  the  genus  and,  though  very  widely 
separated,  it  should  be  placed  after  N.  pantcli  Hebard.  Addi- 
tional material  is,  in  our  opinion,  necessary  to  determine 
whether  the  present  insect  should  be  placed  in  the  same  sub- 
genus  as  that  species,  Brachynemobius,  or  should  be  assigned 
to  a  distinct  and  yet  undescribed  subgenus. 

1  From  evpiWxos  ==  broad  backed. 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  IV. 


LYCAENA     ENOPTES.— WILLIAMS. 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  V. 


LYCAENA     ENOPTES    GROUP. -WILLIAMS. 

1-3,  LYCAENA  BATTOIDES  BERNARDINO. 
4,  5,  L.  BATTOIDES  CENTRALIS.       6-10,  L.  ENOPTES. 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  XXIX. 


Plate  VI. 


LYCAENA    ENOPTES    GROUP.-wiLUAMS. 

1-3,    LYCAENA    GLAUCON.         4-6,    L.    SONORENSIS. 


Vol.  xxix] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


103 


The  general  appearance  of  the  present  insect  resembles 
rather  a  diminutive  and  brilliantly  colored  example  of  Mio- 
gryllus  vcrticalls  (Serville),  than  any  species  of  the  genus 


Type  of  Nemobius  eitrynotiis  new  species. 
Fig.  i.  — Dorsal  view  of  insect,     (x  4.) 

Fig.  2.— Lateral  outline  of  ovipositor.     (Greatly  enlarged.  I 
Fig.  3.  — Latero-internal  outline  of  caudal  tibia  and  tarsus  showing  spines  and  spurs 

(Greatly  enlarged.) 
Fig.  4.  — Latero-external   outline   of   caudal   tibia   showing   spines   and   spurs.     (Greatly 

enlarged.) 


104  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

Nemobiits  in  the  collections.  The  color  pattern  is,  however, 
distinctive,  while  the  excellent  characters  for  the  Group  Nem- 
obiites  prevent  any  possible  confusion  with  the  species  of 
Miogryllus. 

Type:    9  ;  Berkeley,  California.    November  18  to  20,  1906. 
(J.  C.  Bradley.)     [Hebard  Collection,  Type  No.  472.] 

Size  large  for  the  genus,  larger  than  any  of  the  North  American 
species  except  Ar.  (Argizala)  brasilicnsis  (Walker)  ;  form  very  ro- 
bust; surface  shining;  head  and  pronotum  with  hairs  reduced  in  num- 
ber. Head  large,  very  full  and  rounded,  about  as  wide  as  pronotum, 
width  slightly  but  distinctly  greater  than  depth.  Ocelli  subobsolete, 
indicated  by  inconspicuous  minute  spots,  the  surface  at  these  points 
showing  no  convexity.  Eyes  slightly  less  ample  in  proportion  to  size 
of  head  than  in  other  North  American  species.  Maxillary  palpi  as 
normal  for  North  American  species.  Pronotal  proportions  interme- 
diate between  those  of  pantcli  and  brasilicnsis,  length  distinctly  more 
than  half  of  width.  Tegmina  much  reduced,  very  slightly  longer  than 
pronotum,  slightly  the  more  produced  at  humeral  angle,  the  margin 
there  broadly  rounded,  the  distal  margin  thence  weakly  oblique  to 
the  very  broadly  rounded  sutural  angle ;  longitudinal  veins  con- 
spicuous, cross-veinlets  very  few.  Wings  probably  absent.  Ovipositor 
very  short  and  heavy,  about  as  long  as  caudal  metatarsus,  straight." 
Subgenital  plate  small,  scoop-shaped,  the  free  margin  divided  into 
two  evenly  convex  portions,  the  juncture  of  which  forms  a  median 
acute-angulate  emargination.  Caudal  tibia  with  four  internal  and 
four  external  dorsal  spines,  which  are  rather  short  and  heavy  for 
the  genus,  much  as  in  pantcli:  these  have  their  ventral  surfaces  con- 
cave, with  margins  microscopically  and  very  minutely  serrulate.  Cau- 
dal tibia  with  three  pairs  of  distal  spurs,  of  which  the  ventral  pair 
are  unequal  in  length ;  longest,  dorso-internal  spur,  two-thirds  as 
long  as  metatarsus. 

Length  of  body  10.,  pronotum  1.95,  exposed  portion  of  tegmen  2.15, 
ovipositor  2.35,  caudal  femur  5.5,  caudal  tibia  4.2.  Width  of  head  3., 
pronotum  3.,  dorsal  field  of  tegmen  2.,  abdomen  at  widest  point  3.3, 
caudal  femur  2.1  mm. 

General  coloration  shining  mummy  brown  and  ochraceous-orange. 
Head  with  occiput  ochraceous-orange,  washed  with  mars  brown 
caudad  of  lateral  ocellar  areas  and  between  these  flecks,  mesad,  sup- 
plied with  three  nearly  attingent  smaller  flecks  of  the  same  color; 

2The  valves  are  distorted  distad,  each  separating  from  the  others, 
as  has  been  observed  in  other  species  of  \anobius  (see  Hebard, 
Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phila.,  1913,  p.  453,  footnote  51,  [1913]),  and 
are  apparently  much  worn,  no  trace  of  teeth  being  found. 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  IO5 

interantennal  protuberance,  face  and  mouth  parts  rich  blackish  chest- 
nut-brown. Maxillary  palpi  ochraceous-tavny,  distal  fifth  of  ulti- 
mate joint  mummy  brown.  Pronotum  blackish  brown  with  an  in- 
tricate pattern  of  ochraceous-tawny.  Tegmina  mummy  brown,  the 
veins  dark,  tinged  with  chestnut.  Abdomen  blackish  brown,  each 
dorsal  segment  with  a  pair  of  large  cinnamon,  irregularly  trapezoidal 
markings  which  widen  caudad.  Cerci  cinnamon.  Subgenital  plate 
and  median  portion  of  preceding  segment  cinnamon-buff.  Limbs 
ochraceous-tawny,  heavily  washed  with  cinnamon  brown. 
The  type  of  this  distinctive  species  is  unique. 


Notes  on   and  Descriptions  of  the   Nearctic   Wood- 
wasps  of  the  Genus  Xiphydria  Latreille  (Hym.). 

By  S.  A.  ROHWER, 

Specialist  in  Forest  Hymenoptera,   Bureau  of  Entomology,  U    S.   De- 
partment   of    Agriculture,     Washington,     D.    C. 

This  paper,  which  is  a  contribution  from  the  Branch  of 
Forest  Insects,  Bureau  of  Entomology,  is  based  on  a  study  of 
the  species  of  Xipliytlria  in  the  collections  of  the  National 
Museum,  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia, 
the  Public  Museum  of  Quebec  and  the  British  Museum.  The 
work  is  based  in  the  greater  part  on  the  collections  of  the 
National  Museum  but  contains  notes  from  the  species  in  the 
other  collections.  The  type  of  the  new  species  described  and 
the  neotypes  here  designated  are  in  the  United  States  National 
Museum. 

The  North  American  species  of  Xifhytlria  have  been  tab- 
ulated by  Konow  (Syst.  Zusam.  Chalast.,  pp.  207-3 1 ; ::: ) ,  l)Ut- 
inasmuch  as  that  author  did  not  have  a  large  collection  or  ac- 
cess to  the  types,  there  are  some  points  which  do  not  accord 
with  the  facts.  Harrington  (Trans.  Roy.  Soc.  Canada  sec.  4, 
iS()3)  tabulates  the  Canadian  species  and  MacGillivray  (Bui. 
22  Conn.  Geol.  Nat.  Hist.  Survey,  1917)  tabulates  the  species 
of  the  Northeastern  States.  None  of  these  papers  include  all 
of  the  species  so  it  seems  worth  while  to  give  a  synopsis  of 
the  North  American  species.  The  larvae  of  Xif>li\'i1ria  are 
wood  borers  and  confine  their  attacks  to  dead  <>r  d\  in-  branches 
*  In  Zeitschr.  syst.  Hym.  u.  Dip.,  V,  41-5').  1 1^01-05. 


106  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

of  deciduous  trees.  The  following  key  includes  all  of  the 
North  American  species  except  basalis  Say  and  li'alshii  West- 
wood. 

Table  to   the  \Tearctic  Species. 

1.  Females    2 

Males    8 

2.  Abdomen   rufous   or   rufo-ferruginous,   without    spots 3 

Abdomen  black,   with  pale  lateral  spots  or  bands 4 

3.  Head  and  thorax  mostly  black ;   prescutum  V-shaped,   longer  than 

its  anterior  width ;   orbital  carina  extending  well  above  the   top 

of  eye   abdoininalis   Say. 

Body  entirely  rufo-ferruginous  ;  prescutum  U-shaped,  the  anterior 
width  subequal  with  the  length ;  orbital  carina  terminating  be- 
fore the  top  of  eye crythrogastra  Ashmead. 

4.  Flagellum  white    maculata   Say. 

Flagellum    black    5 

5.  Posterior  orbits  and  superior  orbital  area  shining,  practically  impunc- 

tate ;   antennae   extending  beyond  the  tegulae,   hicoriae  Rohwer. 

Posterior    orbits    and    superior    orbital    area    opaque    with    distinct 

puncture*  ;  antennae  short  not  extending  beyond  the  tegulae,..  6 

6.  Second    antennal    joint    distinctly    less    than    half    as    long    as    the 

third   and   shorter   than   the    fourth ;    prescutum    V-shaped ;    legs 

reddish    proi'ancheri   Cresson. 

Second  antennal  joint  distinctly  more  than  half  as  long  as  the 
third  and  subequal  with  or  longer  than  the  fourth ;  prescutum 
U-shaped ;  legs  largely  black  7 

7.  Front   with   irregular   raised   lines,   the   area   between   the   antennae 

and  extending  to  the  clypeus  with  well-defined  raised  lines; 
prescutum  depressed  posteriorly  so  the  transverse  rugae  of  the 
notauli  are  complete  or  nearly  complete  from  notaulus  to  no- 
taulus ;  tergites  three  and  four  with  nearly  complete  yellow 

bands canadcnsis  Provancher. 

Front  and  face  reticulate ;  prescutum  not  depressed  posteriorly, 
the  notauli  complete ;  tergites  three  and  four  with  lateral  spots, 

tibialis  Say. 

8.  Superior   orbital   area   coarsely   sculptured ;   head   sculptured   above 

the  supraorbital  line  ;  legs  reddish prnrancJierl  Cresson. 

Superior  orbital  area  and  head  above  the  supraorbital  line  smooth 
practically  without  sculpture  (the  area  behind  the  ocelli  in 
macnlata  is  sometimes  somewhat  sculptured)  9 

9.  Second    antennal    joint    distinctly    shorter    than    the    fourth;    small 

ferruginous    or    rufo-piceous    species     10 

Second  antennal  joint  subequal  with  or  longer  than  the  fourth; 
black  species  1 1 


Vol.    Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  IOJ 

10.  PVescutum  broad,  the  posterior  width  hall   or  nearly  half  as  great 

as  the   anterior  width ;   mesepisternum   and   sternum   yellow, 

erythrogastra  Ashmead. 

Frescutum  longer  and  more  narrowed  posteriorly,  the  posterior 
width  distinctly  less  than  half  the  anterior  width;  mesosternum 
black ;  mesepisternnm  black  with  a  large  pale  spot, 

abdominalis  Say. 

11.  First  three  tergites   (not  propodeum)   and  also  the  following  highly 

polished    and    for   the   most    part   without   sculpture ;    prescutum 
coarsely    reticulate,    with     a    tendency     to     form     longitudinally 

raised  lines    hicoriae  Rohwer. 

First  three  tergites  and  the  following  more  or  less  granular; 
prescutum  finely  reticulate  with  a  tendency  to  form  trans- 
versely raised  lines  maculata  Say. 

Xiphydria  abdominalis  Say. 

Xiphydria   abdominalis   Say,   Keating's    Xarr.   Exped.   appendix   vol.   2, 

1824,  p.  311;   Leconte,  Writings  of   Say,  vol.   2,   1859,  p.  208. 
Xiphydria    attcnuatiis    Norton,    Proc.    Ent.    Soc.    Phil.    vol.    I,    1862,    p. 

144- 

Xiphydria   rufirentris  Cresson,  Tran.  Amer.   Ent.   Soc.  vol.  8,   1880,  p. 

34- 

The  type  of  abdominalis  Say  is  lost,  but  a  female  coming 
from  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  has  been  chosen  neotype.  The 
types  of  attcnuatiis  Norton  and  rufirentris  Cresson  are  in  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia. 

In  describing  this  species  Say  states  that  the  wings  are  ful- 
iginous. The  type  of  rufirentris  Cresson  has  nearly  hyaline 
wings,  but  a  reared  series  shows  that  the  color  of  the  wings 
varies  somewhat  and  some  of  the  specimens  have  dark  enough 
wings  to  agree  with  Say's  definition  of  fuliginous.  The  author 
does  not  doubt  that  this  is  Say's  species.  The  rearings  also 
definitely  associate  attcnuata  Norton  as  the  male. 

Distribution: — Pennsylvania  (Say,  Norton);  New  York 
(Cresson)  ;  New  Jersey  (MacGillivray)  ;  Harrisburg,  Pennsyl- 
vania (Champlain  and  Kirk)  ;  Plummer's  Island,  Maryland 
(H.  S.  Barber). 

Host-plant: — Tilia  aincricana  Linnaeus. 

Parasites: — Pammegischia  orclctii  Bradley  and  Afcyarhyssa 
!u  1 111  id  a  (Say). 

Patton   (Can.  F.nt.  vol.   ir.   iKj*),  p.   14)   records  attcnuatus 


io8  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

Norton  as  reared  from  twigs  of  Betula  nigra  collected  in  Con- 
necticut, and  describes  the  female.  His  description  does  not 
agree  well  with  the  species  here  considered  as  attenuatus,  but 
does  agree  with  a  female  which  is  a  different  and  undescribed 
species  and  bears  a  Bradley  manuscript  name.  The  author  is 
inclined  to  believe  that  Patton  did  not  have  attcnuata  as  here 
determined,  because  the  female  of  attenuata  does  not  have 
pale  marks  on  the  abdomen. 

Xiphydria  erythrogastra  Ashmead. 

Xiphydria  erythrogaster  Ashmead,  Can.  Ent.  vol.  35,  1903,  p.  233. 

The  type  of  this  species  is  lost,  but  a  male  from  Lyrrte,  Con- 
necticut, which  agrees  with  the  description  and  is  without 
doubt  Ashmead's  species,  has  been  made  a  neotype. 

Distribution: — Avalon,  New  Jersey  (type  locality);  Lyme, 
Connecticut  (A.  B.  Champlain)  ;  Lancaster,  New  York  (M. 
C.  van  Duzee)  ;  Washington,  District  Columbia  (J.  A.  Hys- 
lop)  ;  Cabin  John  Bridge,  Maryland  (H.  S.  Barber)  ;  Dif- 
ficult Run,  Virginia  (T.  E.  Snyder). 

Host  Plant: — Carpinns  caroliniana  Walt. 

Parasites: — Megarhyssa  humida  Say;  Paiiiincgiscliia  ovcl- 
Ictii  Bradiev  :  l:-iir\toma  species  (not  definitely  proven). 

Xiphydria  maculata  Say. 

Xiphydria  maculata  Say,  Bost.  Jn.  Nat.  Hist.  vol.  i,   1836,  p.  221  ;  Le- 

conte's  Ed.,   Say,  vol.  2,  1859,  p.  681. 

Xiphydria  albicornis  Harris,  Treat.  Ins.  Mass.,  1841,  p.  392. 
Xiphydria  mcllipcs  Harris,  Treat.  Ins.  Mass.,   1841,  p.  393. 

The  type  of  maculata  Say  is  lost,  but  a  specimen  from 
Plummer's  Island,  Maryland,  which  agrees  with  the  descrip- 
tion and  is  the  same  as  Indiana  specimens,  is  considered  neo- 
type. The  types  of  Harris's  species  may  be  in  the  Boston 
Society  of  Natural  History. 

Specimens  of  maculata  having  only  four  spots  on  the  abdo- 
men agree  with  the  description  of  melllpcs. 

Distribution : — Widely  distributed  through  Canadian  and 
Transition  Zones  in  the  eastern  United  States  and  Canada. 

pJost-plants: — Acer  saccharinnm  Linnaeus. 

Parasites: — Pammegischia  Inirquci  I'rovancher  and  Mcgar- 
h\ssa  nil  Ida  (Cresson). 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

Xiphydria  hicoriae  new  species. 

This  species  is  closely  allied  to  maculata  Say  hut  may  easily 
he  distinguished  by  the  characters  given  in  the  foregoing  key. 
The  females  are  easily  separated  from  those  of  macnlaia  by 
the  black  flagellum  and  the  males  can  he  recognized  from  those 
of  inoculata  by  the  more  shining  abdomen. 

9.  Length  to  end  of  abdomen  12  mm.;  sheath  2  mm.  beyond  the 
end  of  abdomen.  Head  between  the  eyes  coarsely  reticulate,  with 
more  or  less  distinct  lines  radiating  from  the  ocelli:  posterior  orbits 
below  obliquely  striate ;  posterior  orbits  above  and  head  behind  the 
ocelli  polished,  practically  without  sculpture;  orbital  carinae  stronii 
almost  complete;  antennae  rather  long,  extending  to  the  tegulac.  17- 
jointed;  second  antennal  joint  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  third 
and  distinctly  longer  than  the  fourth;  mesoscutum  coarsely  reticulate; 
prescutum  well  defined,  V-shaped,  longer  than  anterior  width;  scutel- 
lum  reticulate:  tergites  shining,  finely  granular  along  the  apical  mar- 
gins, apical  tergites  polished.  Black;  inner  orbits,  posterior  margin 
of  head  (interrupted  at  top)  two  lines  on  vertex,  dorsal  margin  of 
pronotum,  spot  on  lower  margin  of  pronotum  and  small  lateral  spots 
on  tergites  two,  three,  four  and  five  yellowish  white ;  wings  sub- 
hyaline,  venation  dark  brown. 

Paratypes  indicate  the  species  may  be  18  mm.  long,  have  the  axillae 
and  lateral  spots  on  tergites  six  and  seven  yellowish-white. 

$.  Length  n  mm.  Agrees  well  with  female  but  the  legs  are 
dark  piceous  and  the  tergal  spots  are  on  segments  two  to  six  in- 
clusive. In  some  males  the  four  anterior  legs  below  trochanters 
and  the  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  are  rufo-piceous. 

Distribution: — Harrisburg  (type  locality),  Shiremenstown, 
Pennsylvania  (W.  S.  Fisher)  ;  Syracuse,  New  York  (Black- 
man).  The  species  has  also  been  taken  at  Westbury,  Long  Is- 
land (A.  R.  Chamnlain).  and  at  Castle  Rock,  Pennsylvania. 

Host-plant : — Hlcoria. 

Type:— Cat.  No.  -'1554  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus. 

Xiphydria  provancheri  Cresson. 

Xiphidion   canadcnsc   Provancher,   Nat.   Can.   vol.   7,   1875,  p.   374    (not 

Xiphydria  canadcnsis  Provancher  1.  c.  p.  373). 
Xif>h\dria   proranchcri  Cresson,   Trail.   Amer.   Ent.   Soc.,   vol.   8,    1880, 

p.  49. 

Type  in  first  Provancher  collection,  Public  Museum,  Quebec, 
bearing  yellow  label  138. 


JIO  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'l8 

Distribution : — Canada,  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts 
(Cresson)  ;  Ithaca  and  Saranac  Inn,  New  York;  Roxboro, 
Pennsylvania. 

Host  plant :—  "White  birch."  Specimens  from  Ithaca.  New 
\  ork,  and  the  birch  is  probably  Bctiila  populifolia  Marsh. 

Xiphydria  canadensis  Provancher. 

Xiphydria   canadensis  Provancher,    NTat.   Can.   vol.   7,    1875,   p.   373. 

Type  in  first  Provancher  collection.  Public  Museum,  Quebec. 
bearing  yellow  label  137. 

This  species  although  close  to  tibialis  Say  should  be  easily 
distinguished  by  the  characters  given  in  the  above  table. 

Distribution  : — Other  than  the  Canadian  specimens  in  the 
Public  Museum  of  Quebec  the  only  other  specimen  seen  is  a 
female  collected  on  the  sand  at  Virginia  Beach,  Virginia,  by 
A.  D.  Hopkins. 

Xiphydria  tibialis  Say. 

Xiphydria  tibialis  Say,  Keating's  Narr.  Exped.  vol.  2,  1823,  appendix 
p.  312;  Leconte's  Ed.  of  Say,  vol.  i,  1859,  p.  208. 

The  type  of  this  species  is  lost,  but  a  specimen  from  New 
Jersey  agrees  well  with  the  type  and  is  considered  a  neorype. 

Distribution: — Pennsylvania  (type  locality);  Canada  (Har- 
rington) ;  New  Jersey  (collection  and  Smith  IQIO)  ;  Omega, 
Kansas  (Crevecoeur). 

Species  not  recognized. 

Xiphydria  basalis  Say. 

Xiphydria  basalis  Say,  Boston  Jn.  Nat.  Hist.  vol.  i,  1836.  p.  22;  Le- 
conte's Edit.  Say,  vol.  2,  1859,  p.  681. 

Konoiiia  basalis  (Say).  MacGillivray,  Bull.  22  Conn.  Geolg.  Nat.  Hist. 
Survey,  1917,  p.  169. 

The  type  of  this  species  is  of  course  lost  and  there  are  no 
specimens  in  any  of  the  collections  studied  which  can  be  this 
species.  Judging  from  the  description  it  is  correctly  placed,  by 
MacGillivray,  in  the  genus  Konowia.  Konow  treats  this  as  a 
good  species  with  -a'alshii  Westwood  as  a  synonym. 

Xiphydria  walshii  Westwood. 

Xiphydria  ivalshii  Westwood,  Thesaur.  Ent.  Oxon.  1874,  p.  113; 
Kirby,  Hym.  Brit.  Mus.  vol.  I,  1882,  p.  371,  pi.  14,  fig.  14;  Har- 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  Ill 

rington,    Trans.    Roy.    Soc.    Can.    sec.    4,    1893,    p.    138;    Konow, 
Syst.  Zusam.  Chalas,  p.  313. 

The  type  of  this  species  is  a  unique  male  and  is  in  the  Brit- 
ish Museum  of  Natural  History.  It  is,  as  Harrington  sug- 
gested, probably  closely  allied  to  provancheri  Cresson,  but  the 
antennae  have  fewer  joints,  there  are  two  pale  spots  on  the 
scutum  (a  variable  character),  and  the  description  infers  the 
mesepisternum  is  black.  My  notes  from  the  type  are  inade- 
quate, they  are  in  part ;  head  behind  supraorbital  line  smooth 
and  shining ;  postocellar  area  parted  by  an  impressed  line ; 
venation  in  general  very  like  fig.  85  of  MacGillivray,  Proc. 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  vol.  29,  pi.  41.  It  seems  to  the  author  that 
this  is  a  species  of  Xifh\dria  and  it  is  possible  that  it  is  pro- 
rancher  i  Cresson. 

List  of  Xcarctic  Species. 

abdominalis  Say.  erythrogastra  Ashmead. 

albicornis   Harris =maculata    Say.      maculata   Say. 
atfenuata     Norton  =  :  abdominalis       ntcUipcs   Harris=maculata   Say. 

Say.  provancheri   Cresson. 

basalis   Say.  ntfircntris     Cresson=abdomiivxlis 

canadensis  Prpvancher  Say. 

canadcnsis  (Provancher)     —   pro-      tibialis   Say. 

vancheri   Cresson.  \valshii  \\"est\vood. 


The  Rippon  Collections  go  to  the  National  Museum  of  Wales. 

The  collections  of  the  late  Robert  H.  F.  Rippon,  author  of  the 
superbly  illustrated  I  cones  Ornithopterorum,  have  been  presented  tr 
the  National  Museum  of  Wales  by  Lord  Rhondda.  according  to  the 
London  Times,  as  reported  in  Science  for  February  15,  1918.  The 
majority  of  the  specimens  are  said  to  be  exotic,  the  insects  to  number 
over  100,000.  including  over  3,000  Papilionidae.  over  5,000  Nymphalidae 
and  over  40,000  Coleoptera,  while  dragonflies,  mayflies,  crickets,  grass- 
hoppers, stick-  and  leaf-insects,  Diptera  and  Hymenoptera  are  ex- 
pressly mentioned. 

British  Museum  not  to  be  used  for  Government  Purposes. 

It  is  stated  by  Xiitife  that  the  British  Government  has  abandoned 
the  intention  of  using  the  British  Museum  building  at  Bloninshury  and 
the  Natural  History  building  at  South  Kensington  for  government  de- 
partments, a  decision  which  will  meet  with  approval  throughout  the 
civilized  world. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  MARCH,  1918. 

An  Appeal  for  Co-operation. 

An  editor  is  quite  as  likely  to  acquire  a  varied  knowledge 
of  human  nature  as  those  whose  work  is  of  a  less  literary 
character.  There  are  the  considerate  and  the  inconsiderate 
contributors — appreciative  and  inappreciative  respectively  of 
the  (often)  wholly  gratuitous  labor  which  the  editor  performs 
for  the  journal,  the  authors  and  the  subject  or  cause  to  which 
the  publication  is  devoted.  The  topic  is  not  a  new  one,  nor 
have  we  any  special  present  ground  for  complaint,  but,  as 
remarked  on  this  page  some  years  ago,  it  is  well  for  all  of  vis 
to  be  reminded  from  time  to  time  of  our  shortcomings,  our 
carelessnesses,  our  sins  (if  we  cared  to  use  so  strong  a  word). 

Our  lives  are  brief,  ovir  working  time  is  limited — these  un- 
welcome truths  become  more  vivid  as  we  grow  older.  It 
seems  as  though  almost  half  of  that  time  were  often  wasted 
for  us  by  the  mistakes,  the  delays,  the  slipshod  or  careless  do- 
ings of  others,  requiring  many  things  to  be  done  over  again. 

Many  a  paper  presented  for  publication  in  a  given  periodical 
has  evidently  been  prepared  without  any  regard  to  the  form 
and  other  requirements  of  the  journal  in  question,  even  stand- 
ing directions  on  the  cover  or  elsewhere  being,  it  would  seem, 
utterly  unheeded.  It  would  not  be  unjust  or  too  harsh  to 
bluntly  refuse  such  careless  contributions,  yet  not  infrequently 
the  editor  makes  up  the  deficiencies,  smoothes  the  asperities, 
writes  to  the  author  to  send  lacking  data  and  so  relieves  the 
^rter  of  drudgery  'from  which  he  rightly  should  not  be  ex- 
empted. 

The  present  is  a  time  requiring  all  the  co-operation  that  is 
possible.  Who  is  so  far-seeing  as  to  be  able  to  detect  all  the 
reactions  and  interactions  of  our  daily  deeds?  May  we  not 
appeal,  with  successful  results,  to  all  who  work  and  write  to 
so  care  for  the  details  of  their  labor  that  others  may  not,  to 
their  own  disadvantage,  have  to  gather  up  the  loose  ends? 


112 


Vol.    XXl'x]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  113 

Notes    and    News. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OP  THE  GLOBE. 

Another  European  Anthomyiid  in  Illinois  (Diptera). 

Tn  the  collection  of  the  Illinois  State  Natural  Survey,  there  is  a 
male  of  Phaonia  ijucrccti  Bouche,  a  European  species  not  hitherto 
recorded  from  North  America.  The  specimen  was  taken  at  White 
Heath,  April  14,  1909.  (Cf.  Ent.  News,  xxix,  p.  32). — J.  R.  MAI.LOCH, 
Urbana,  Illinois. 

One  Hundred  and  Fifty  Years  of  Collecting. 

In  noting  the  death  of  William  H.  Baker,  a  British  collector  of 
insects,  in  May,  1917,  in  his  ninety-third  year,  the  Entomologist  (Lon- 
don) says  that  the  13,000  British  moths,  of  which  the  united  col- 
lections of  his  father  and  himself  consisted,  are  said  to  represent  the 
labors  of  no  less  than  150  years.  (Vol.  1,  p.  168,  July,  1917.) 

New  Entomological  Officials  in  Minnesota. 

The  Board  of  Regents  of  the  University  of  Minnesota,  at  their 
meeting  on  January  iSth,  elected  Dr.  W.  A.  Riley,  of  Cornell,  Pro- 
fessor of  Parasitology  and  Chief  of  the  Division  of  Economic  Zoo- 
logy. Associate  Professor  A.  G.  Ruggles  was,  at  the  same  time,  ap- 
pointed Station  Entomologist,  which  position  carries  with  it  the  office 
of  State  Entomologist.  At  the  December  meeting  of  the  Board.  Pro- 
fessor F.  L.  Washburn,  who  has  held  the  position  of  State  Entomolo- 
gist in  Minnesota  for  nearly  sixteen  years,  asked  and  obtained  per- 
mission to  be  relieved  of  that  position  and  its  attendant  police  duties, 
and  the  action  of  the  Board  on  the  iSth  was  necessary  to  fill  the  va- 
cancy thus  caused. 

Mr.  Schaus's  Collecting  in  Guatemala. 

Mr.  William  Schaus,  who  has  been  collecting  Lepidoptera  in 
Guatemala  for  the  past  three  years,  writes  us  under  date  of  January 
19,  1918:  "We  have  had  severe  cold  here  [Motagua  valley,  not  far 
from  Puerto  Barrios],  54  at  night,  and.  as  there  was  no  collecting. 
I  have  been  separating  my  catch  into  families  and  repacking,  so  much 
less  work  to  do  later.  I  find  I  have  40000  specimens  which  will  take 
some  time  to  classify  and  identify.  Moreover,  the  cost  of  living  is 
soaring,  for  here  in  the  Motagua  valley  we  are  dependent  upon  the 
I'.nit  Co.  for  many  supplies  and  many  articles  are  no  longer  obtain- 
able. Carbide  has  given  out  and  no  more  will  be  received,  so  with- 
out my  night  work  I  am  quite  lost.  We  are  only  waiting  for  more 
favorable  climatic  conditions  to  go  north  and  I  hope  to  be  in  Well- 
ington before  April  is  over." 


114  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

New  York  Entomological  Society  Fund. 

Through  the  generosity  of  Mr.  Wm.  T.  Davis,  a  permanent  fund  for 
the  general  purposes  of  the  New  York  Entomological  Society  has  been 
established  by  an  initial  contribution  of  $500. 

Gracilaria  zachrysa   Meyrick   in   New  Jersey    (Lep.). 

This  species,  which  has  already  been  recorded  on  azaleas  in  New 
Jersey  greenhouses,  was  at  first  thought  to  be  rather  rare  and  limited 
in  distribution,  but  is  now  known  to  occur  in  many  private  greenhouses 
in  various  parts  of  the  state  and  considered  somewhat  of  a  pest.  In 
commercial  houses  it  is  not  so  common,  as  such  firms  hold  over  as 
little  azalea  stock  as  possible  from  year  to  year.  The  larvae,  which 
are  about  one-fourth  of  an  inch  in  length,  mine  the  leaves  and  also 
fold  over  the  tips  and  in  some  cases  have  been  suspected  of  eating 
through  the  buds. 

Felt,  in  his  I3th  Report  as  State  Entomologist  of  New  York,  records 
it  from  that  State  and  under  the  name  Gracilaria  azaleac  Busck 
(Insec.  Inscit.  Menstr.  2;  1-2),  which  was  later  reduced  to  a  synonym 
of  Gracilaria  zachrysa  Meyrick.  He  also  gives  brief  life-history  notes 
and  states  that  tobacco  extract,  either  used  as  a  spray  or  fumigant, 
appears  to  be  effective  in  controlling  it.  In  "Ziekten  en  Beschadigin- 
gen  der  Tuinbouwgewassen,"  by  Brock  en  Schenk,  it  is  stated  that  the 
species  was  introduced  into  Holland  from  Japan  and  infests  all  Jap- 
anese and  Indira  varieties  of  azaleas;  that  greenhouse  azaleas  are 
injured  during  the  winter  and  that  the  life-history  is  unknown  in 
Holland.  Stomach  poisons  are  recommended  and  nicotine  extract  is 
suggested  as  a  fumigant. 

It  undoubtedly  occurs  in  Belgium,  as  it  is  frequently  found  in  the 
larval  and  pupal  stages  on  azaleas  imported  from  that  country  and 
was  evidently  introduced  into  New  Jersey  largely  in  that  way.  To  a 
less  extent,  it  has  been  found  on  azaleas  imported  from  Japan.  Tn 
private  greenhouses  in  New  Jersey  it  is  usually  eotten  rid  of  by  hand- 
picking  of  infested  leaves.  In  one  large  commercial  establishment 
arsenate  of  lead  paste  at  the  rate  of  eight  pounds  to  100  gallons  of 
water  gave  good  results. — HARRY  B.  WETSS,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

An   Unusual   Bumblebees'   Nest    (Hym.). 

Early  in  September,  1917,  I  received  specimens  of  Botnbns  /v;w- 
s\h'anicus  DeGeer  from  Mr.  Court  W.  Ranslow,  of  Garrison,  Mis- 
souri, with  the  statement  that  the  colony  from  which  these  bees  came 
built  its  nest  in  an  abandoned  nest  of  an  English  sparrow,  in  a  tall 
elm  tree  in  his  front  yard.  He  wrote.  "The  nest  was  a  large,  bulky 
one,  with  a  roof,  as  the  sparrows  sometimes  build  them,  and  was 
twenty  or  more  feet  from  the  ground.  We  did  not  know  that  the 
bees  were  building  in  the  nest  until  it  blew  out  and  fell  to  the  ground. 


Vol.    XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  115 

My  sister  picked  it  up,  thinking  it  was  an  empty  birds'  nest,  but  drop- 
ped it  again  quickly.  They  (the  bees)  were  so  ill-natured  that  it 
was  not  safe  to  go  near  them;  so  at  night  we  scalded  them.  Is  it 
common  for  this  species  of  bee  to  utilize  such  places  for  their  nests? 
I  do  not  know  whether  the  bees  drove  the  sparrows  out,  or  the  spar- 
rows deserted  the  nest  voluntarily." 

The  Washington  entomologists  whom  I  have  consulted  and  Mr.  E. 
\Y.  Nelson,  Chief  of  the  Biological  Survey,  have  never  heard  of 
bumblebees  living  in  birds'  nests.  The  case  seems  interesting  and 
exceptional.  I  send  this  account  to  Entomological  Xews  in  the  hope 
that  it  may  bring  out  other  accounts  of  strange  nesting  places  of  this 
bee. 

In  a  later  letter  Mr.  Ranslovv  wrote  that  a  neighbor  had  told  him 
that  a  colony  of  bumblebees  entered  an  upstairs  room  in  her  house 
through  an  open  window  and  built  a  nest  in  a  box  of  old  clothing 
that  had  been  put  away  to  cut  up  for  carpet  rags. — L.  O.  HOWARD, 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Feeding  Habits  of  a  Harvest  Spider  (Phalangida). 

In  the  morning  of  the  I4th  of  October  I  was  seated  on  my  kitchen 
step  at  Iowa  City,  cracking  hickory  nuts.  After  a  few  of  them  had 
been  broken  open  a  large  Harvest  Spider  (apparently  our  common 
Liobunnm]  came  out  from  the  nearby  grass  and  made  directly  for  the 
spot  upon  which  the  nuts  had  been  cracked.  Remembering  what  I  had 
read  of  the  carnivorous  habits  of  these  Arachnids,  I  offered  a  small 
Balaninus  larva,  about  one-third  grown,  to  see  if  it  would  be  attacked, 
but  no  special  response  was  evoked  other  than  a  rearing  up  of  the 
Harvest  Snider  after  the  method  common  to  this  group  when  slightly 
excited.  The  larva  was  not  picked  up  nor  bitten.  After  a  few  moments 
the  Harvest  Spider  picked  up  a  piece  of  kernel,  about  a  cubic  millimeter 
in  size,  from  a  sound  nut,  holding  it  with  the  tips  of  the  pedipalpi  and 
nipping  or  scraping  with  the  chelicerae,  removing  only  minute  particles 
which  were  evidently  swallowed.  This  process  continued  for  about  25 
minutes  and  was  watched  through  a  low-powered  lens.  The  observa- 
tion was  terminated  by  the  interference  of  a  large  cricket  running 
acrosr,  the  walk  and  bumping  into  the  Harvest  Spider  which  then  re- 
tired into  the  grass,  carrying  the  rest  of  the  nut  fragment  with  it.  This 
note  is  offered  to  indicate  that  the  habit  of  eating  vegetable  matter  at 
times  is  not  always  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  water  (as  suggested  by 
Warburton  in  the  Camhrid<j<-  Xutiiral  History.  IV.  441),  since  the  nuts 
were  fairly  well  seasoned  and  most  of  the  contained  moisture  must 
have  been  in  the  nature  of  oil.  Possibly  the  odor  was  strongly  attrac- 
tive since  the  Harvest  S;>i  kr  ran  directly  from  cover  to  the  cruslv-:! 
kernels  and  did  not  appear  to  be  easily  disturbed  while  feeding. — II.  F. 
WICKIIAM,  State  University  of  Iowa.  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 


ii6  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [Mar.,  '18 

Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON.  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring1  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record, 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

2 — Transactions,  American  Entomological  Society,  Philadelphia. 
4 — The  Canadian  Entomologist.  5 — Psyche.  37 — Le  Naturaliste 
Canadian,  Quebec.  68 — Science,  New  York.  78 — Gardeners'  Chron- 
icle, London.  87 — Bulletin,  Societe  Entomologique  dc  France, 
Paris.  99 — Cornell  University  'Agricultural  Experiment  Station, 
Ithaca.  113 — Archives  Italiennes  de  Biologic.  143 — Ohio  Journal 
of  Science,  Columbus.  148 — New  York  Agricultural  Experiment 
Station,  Geneva.  153 — Bulletin,  American  Museum  of  Natural  His- 
tory, New  York.  291 — Proceedings,  Staten  Island  Association  of 
Arts  and  Sciences.  313 — Bulletin  of  Entomological  Research, 
London.  449 — British  Museum  (Natural  History)  Publications, 
London.  480 — The  Annals  of  Applied  Biology.  524 — Technical 
Bulletins,  Entomology,  University  of  California,  Berkeley.  532— 
Proceedings,  National  Academy  of  Sciences  of  the  United  States 
of  America,  Washington.  540 — The  Lepidopterist,  Official  Bulle- 
tin, Boston  Entomological  Club.  546 — Illinois  Biological  Mono- 
graphs, Urbana.  553 — Florida  Buggist,  Gainesville,  Fla.  555 — 
Archive  de  Anatomia  e  Anthropologia,  Lisboa. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Brown,  N.  E.— The  defertilisation  of 
flowers  by  insects,  78,  Ixiii,  4.  Emerson  &  Norton — Removing  in- 
sects from  greenhouse  plants  without  spraying  and  without  injury 
to  the  plants,  68,  xlvii,  44.  Harmer,  S  .F. — Alcohol  and  alcoholo- 
meters, 449,  Instruct,  for  Coll.  No.  13.  Hov/ard,  L.  O.— A  sugges- 
tion to  morphologists  and  others,  68,  xlvii,  H3-4.  Rocci,  U. — Con- 
tribution a  la  connaissance  des  graisses  des  insectes,  113,  Ixvi,  53-C>. 
Wilson,  R.  N. — Notes  on  some  insects  of  South  Florida  in  191  r, 
553,  i,  40-3.  Yothers,  W.  W. — The  effects  of  the  freeze  of  Febru- 
ary 2-4,  1917,  on  the  insect  pests  and  mites  on  Citrus.  553,  i,  30-3.1. 
39-40. 

PHYSIOLOGY    AND    EMBRYOLOGY.       Metz    &    Bridges- 
Incompatibility   of   mutant   races   in    Drosophila,   532,   iii,   673-78. 


Vol.    XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  IIJ 

MEDICAL.  Bishopp  &  Wood — Preliminary  experiments  with 
sodium  fluoride  and  other  insecticides  against  biting  and  sucking 
lice.  5,  xxiv,  187-9.  Calvert,  P.  P. — Insects  and  human  mortality 
in  war.  (Old  Penn,  Philadelphia.  Dec.  21,  11)17,  p.  297-302).  Ed- 
wards, F.  W.— Mosquitoes  and  their  relation  to  disease,  449,  Econ. 
Ser.  No.  4.  MacGregor,  M.  E. — A  summary  of  our  knowledge  of 
insect  vectors  of  disease,  313,  viii,  155-63. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.  Hirst,  S.— Species  of  Arachnida  and  My- 
riopoda  .  .  .  injurious  to  man,  449,  Econ.  Ser.  Xo.  6. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Waterston,  J.— Fleas  as  a  menace  to 
man  and  domestic  animals,  449,  Econ.  Ser.  No.  3. 

Smith,  L.  W. — Studies  of  North  American  Plecoptera  (Ptero- 
narcinae  and  Perlodini),  [10  new],  2,  xliii,  433-89. 

ORTHOPTERA.  Davis,  W.  T.— The  local  occurrence  of  Co- 
nocephalus  strictus.  291,  vi,  149.  Fulton,  B.  B. — The  tree  crickets 
of  New  York:  life  history  and  bionomics,  148,  Kept.  34,  433-77. 

HEMIPTERA.  Adkins,  W.  S.— Some  Ohio  Heteroptera  rec- 
ords, 143,  xviii,  5S-G1.  Cummings,  B.  F.— The  bed  bug,  its  habits 
and  life-history  and  how  to  deal  with  it,  449,  Econ.  Ser.  No.  5. 
Hollinger,  A.  H. — Phenacoccus  stachyos  Ehr.  (  =  :  P.  pettiti  Roll.), 
4,  1918,  23-4.  Newstead,  R. — Observations  on  scale-insects  (Coc- 
cidae)— V,  313,  viii,  125-34.  de  la  Torre  Bueno,  J.  R.— Some  He- 
teroptera from  the  Parry  Sound  district,  Ontario,  4,  1918,  24-5. 
Van  Duzee,  E.  P.— Catalogue  of  the  Hemiptera  of  America,  north 
of  Alexico  excepting  the  Aphididae,  Coccidae  and  Aleurodidae, 
524,  ii,  1-902. 

Knight,  H.  H. — A  revision  of  the  genus  Lygus  as  it  occurs  in 
America,  north  of  Mexico,  with  biological  data  on  the  species 
from  New  York  [many  new],  99,  Bui.  391.  Olsen,  C.  E. — North 
American  Cicadellidae  in  the  collection  of  the  American  Museum 
of  Natural  History.  Subfamily  Cicadellinae  [1  new],  153,  xxxviii, 
1-G.  Osborn  &  Drake — Some  (7)  new  species  of  Nearctic  Tingi- 
dae,  143,  xvii,  9-15. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Maheux,  G.— Sur  les  poils  urticants  des  che- 
nilles, 37,  xliv,  81-3.  Preston,  C.  E. — Notes  from  Provincetown, 
540,  ii,  1-2.  Rocci,  U. — Sur  une  substance  venereuse  contenue  dans 
les  Zygenes,  113,  Ixvi,  73-9(5.  Stowers,  N. — Hints  for  amateurs, 
540,  ii,  4-6.  Verity,  R. — Une  nouvelle  methode  de  montage  et  de 
conservation  des  lepidopteres  par  series,  87,  1917,  312-16.  Wol- 
ley  Dod,  F.  H.— Notes  on  Barnes  &  McDunnough's  "Check  list  of 
lepidoptera  of  P.oreal  America,"  4,  1918,  8-16  (cont.). 

Cassino,   S.   E.— A    new   Apantesis,   540,   ii,   2-4.      Swett,   L.   W. 
Geometrid    notes.      On    the    genus    Xanthorhoe    [3    new],    4,    1917, 
17-23.     Geometrid  notes   [1  n.   sp.],  5,  xxiv,  190-1. 


IlS  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'l8 

DIPTERA.  Bishopp,  F.  C.— The  distribution  of  the  nose  fly 
and  other  species  of  Gastrophilus  in  the  U.  S..  5,  xxiv,  182-7. 
Guerreiro,  L. — Notas  sobre  a  Lucilia  caesar  sen  estudo  no  Insti- 
tute de  Anatomia  de  Lisboa,  555,  iii,  1/3-201.  Morris,  H.  M.— On 
the  larval  and  pupal  stages  of  Bibio  johannis,  480,  iv,  91-114. 

Hine,  J.  S. — Descriptions  of  robber-Mies  of  the  genus  Erax  [:; 
new!,  143,  xvii,  21-22. 

COLEOPTERA.  Shelford,  V.  E.— Color  and  color-pattern 
mechanism  of  tiger  beetles,  546,  iii,  134  pp. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Brues,  C.  T.— Note  on  the  ichneumonid 
genera  Cyanocryptus  and  Lamprocryptus.  Note  on  the  adult 
habits  of  some  hymenopterous  egg-parasites  of  Orthoptera  and 
Mantoidea,  5,  xxiv,  191-5;  195-C.  Cockerell,  T.  D.  A.— The  bee- 
genus  Erachynomada,  4,  1918,  26-8.  Parrott  &  Fulton — The  cherry 
and  hawthorn  sawfly  leaf-miner,  148,  Rept.  34,  403-32.  Wheeler, 
W.  M. — The  temporary  social  parasitism  of  Lasius  subumbratus. 
Notes  on  the  marriage  flights  of  some  Sonoran  ants.  The  pleo- 
metrosis  of  Myrmecocystus,  5,  xxiv,  1G7-7G;  177-80;  180-2. 


ETUDES  DE  LEPIDOPTEROLOGIE  COMPAREE.  Vol.  XIV,  1917.  By  CHARLES 
OBERTHUR.  This  volume  consists  of  474  pages  and  numerous  plates. 
Probably  the  parts  of  most  interest  to  the  American  student  are  the 
studies  and  genitalic  illustrations  of  the  genus  Lycacna.  Doctor  Jacques 
Reverdin  presents  an  illustrated  article  on  Lycacna  arans  and  its  va- 
rieties. Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman  describes  a  new  species,  Lycacna  acgns. 
This  is  closely  related  to  our  species,  mclissa,  and  the  author  says 
aster  from  Labrador  does  not  differ  to  a  specific  extent  from  incl'.ssa. 
The  types  of  aster  came  from  Newfoundland.  Dr.  Chapman's  paper  b 
illustrated  by  20  plates.  This  is  followed  by  a  beautifully  illustrated 
article  on  Actiiinte  by  M.  Oberthiir.  with  n  plates  in  color.  M.  F. 
Le  Cerf  contributes  an  article  on  the  Aegeriidae  with  seven  plates. 
This  contains  species  of  our  fauna  and  also  some  new  genera  and 
species  are  described.  Biological  observations  and  figures  of  certain 
species  of  Lycacna  are  given.  The  work  is  up  to  the  beautiful  standard 
of  those  preceding  it  and  is  a  splendid  contribution  to  lepidopterologi- 
cal  studies. — HENRY  SKINNER. 


THE  LATKODECTUS  MACTANS  AND  THE  GLIPTOCRANIUM  GASTERACAN- 
THOIDES  IN  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  AREQUIPA,  PERU.  By  Dr.  E.  EsCOMEL, 
Arequipa.  Peru.  New  Orleans  Medical  and  Surgical  Journal,  Vol.  70, 
P-  53°.  IQ1?-  This  article  refers  to  certain  spiders  whose  hit:  kills 
persons  or  makes  them  very  sick.  It  has  interest  for  readers  ot 


Vol.    XXl'x]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NKYVS.  I  If) 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  as  one  of  the  species  is  found  in  the  United 
States.  The  author  states  that  L.  mactans  is  widely  distributed  over  the 
globe,  being  found  in  North  and  South  America,  Europe,  Africa  and 
Oceania.  Its  habits,  food  and  general  zoological  characters  are  con- 
sidered. The  effect  of  the  poison  and  the  differential  diagnosis  are 
detailed.  Three  cases  are  described  and  the  treatment  given;  they  all 
recovered.  The  other  species.  G.  gasteracanthoides,  is  also  fully  de- 
scribed and  the  death  of  a  small  child,  nine  days  after  having  been 
bitten,  is  mentioned.  Five  other  patients  were  bitten,  but  all  recovered. 
The  remedy  advocated  is  a  saturated  solution  of  potassium  perman- 
ganate used  externally.  The  author  also  used  the  drug  internally  in 
solution  in  the  strength  of  i  to  4,000, — HENRY  SKINXKR. 


Doings  of  Societies. 

Feldman  Collecting  Social. 

Meeting  of  October  17,  1917.  at  the  home  of  H.  \Y.  Wenzel,  561  | 
Stewart  Street,  Philadelphia.  Nine  members  present,  President  H. 
A.  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Coleoptera— Mr.  Laurent  exhibited  a  series  of  Papilio  glaiicux 
Linnaeus,  collected  at  Mt.  Airy,  Philadelphia,  showing  great  varia- 
tion in  maculation;  also  recorded  the  capture  of  a  male  PapUio 
crcsphotitcs  at  Mt.  Airy.  August  24.  and  stated  that  this  was  the  only 
specimen  he  had  ever  seen  in  the  vicinity  of  Philadelphia  in  the  forty 
years  he  had  been  collecting,  but  that  occasional  specimens  had  been 
captured  by  other  collectors  in  years  past.  Mr.  Daecke  recorded  the 
rearing  of  Pyrausta  pcrtc.vtcills  Led.  from  rolled  up  leaves  of  violet  : 
he  stated  that  he  had  collected  in  the  past  summer  a  caterpillar  of 
Apatclodcs  tnn-cfiicta  S.  &  A.  in  its  fifth  stage,  that  is  with  yellow 
hair:  it  pupated  on  account  of  lack  of  food  without  going  through 
the  sixth  larval  statre  which  has  gray  hair;  the  ability  of  larvae  to 
omit  instars  was  discussed.  Mr.  Daecke  further  recorded  having 
taken  in  a  wheat-stubble  field  at  Camp  Hill.  Pennsylvania.  October 
6th.  a  number  of  caterpillars  of  Friitnf>arcc  quinquemaculata  Haw. 
in  all  stages  on  ground  cherry;  he  pointed  out  that  the  younger  speci- 
mens on  account  of  the  advanced  date  could  never  reach  maturity; 
all  the  specimens  of  the  last  instar  were  almost  black,  but  tbcv  had  the 
usual  lateral  stripes. 

Coleoptera. —  Mr.  Daecke  recorded  Cicindela  scrfniffa/a  form  har- 
i-isi  from  nil  the  hilly  sections  around  Harrisburtr.  Pennsylvania,  the 
captures  dating  from  July  4  to  Sept.  22.  Air.  H.  \Y.  \Yenzel  exhibited 
a  cardboard  box  that  had  contained  red  pepper  which  was  riddled  by 
Sitodrcpa  panlcca :  the  inside  of  the  box  was  lined  with  the  empty 


I2O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mar.,    'l8 

cocoons.  The  same  speaker  reported  from  Springfield,  Delaware 
County,  Pennsylvania,  Sept.  23  and  29,  Cicindcla  punctulata,  \2-gut- 
tata,  and  rcpanda,  and  remarked  that  this  was  after  several  hard 
frosts.  Mr.  J.  W.  Green  recorded  from  Phillipsburg,  New  Jersey, 
Languria  lecontei  on  giant  ragweed,  July  i:  Saprimts  fitcliii,  May  20; 
and  Dialytcs  striatulus  Sept.  9. — J.  W.  GREEN,  Asst.  Secy. 


Meeting  of  November  2ist,  1917,  at  the  same  place.  Eleven  mem- 
bers present,  Pres.  H.  A.  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Diptera. — -Mr.  Daecke  exhibited  the  galls  of  Eurosta  conspurcata 
Doane  and  E.  clsa,  Daecke,  the  differences  being  very  striking.  Mr. 
Hornig  recorded  fourteen  species  of  mosquitoes  found  this  summer 
within  the  Philadelphia  city  limits: — Malarial:  Anopheles  puncti- 
pcnnis  Say  and  A.  quadrimaculatus  Say;  Saltmarsh :  Acdcs  sollicitans 
Walk.,  A.  taeniorhynchus  Wied.,  A.  cant  at  or  Coq.  and  Culcx  salinar- 
ins  Coq.;  Swamp:  Psorophora  ciliata  Fabr.,  Aedes  sylveslris  Theob. 
and  A.  cantons  Meig. ;  Wood;  Aedes  triseriatus  Say  and  Psorophora 
sayi  Dyar  and  Knab ;  House :  Cnlcx  restnans  Theob.,  C.  pipcns  Linne 
and  C.  saxatilis  Grossb. 

Coleoptera.—  Mr.  Hornig  exhibited  specimens  of  Popilia  japonica 
Newm.,  an  injurious  insect  which  has  recently  gained  a  foothold  at 
Riverton,  New  Jersey,  having  been  introduced  from  Japan  through 
Dreer's  Nurseries.  Mr.  J.  W.  Green  exhibited  Laccophilus  incon- 
spicuus  Fall  from  Edmonton,  Canada,  vi-i2  and  Nitidula  nlgra  Schaef- 
fer  same  place,  viii-6,  both  collected  by  F.  S.  Carr.  Mr.  Geo.  M. 
Greene  exhibited  the  following  species  all  collected  this  year  by  him- 
self;  Panagacus  fasciatus  Say,  East  Falls  Church,  Virginia,  vii-i, 
Zenoa  picea  Beauv.,  same  place,  vi-3,  Bellamira  scalaris  Say,  same 
place,  vi-3,  Eburia  quadrifjeminata  Say,  at  light,  Plr.mmer's  Island, 
Maryland,  vii-2i,  Chionanthobius  schwarzi  Pierce,  same  place,  viii-s, 
on  Chionanthus  (fringe  tree),  Qctotoma  plicatula  Fabr.,  same  place, 
vi-24,  and  A  call  odes  ventricosus  LeC.,  Maryland  shore  near  Plum- 
mer's  Is.,  vi-23.  He  also  exhibited  the  series  of  Pytho  and  Tricrania 
recorded  at  the  April  meeting.  (See  p.  39,  this  volume). 


Meeting  of  December  iQth,  1917,  at  the  same  place.  Nine  members 
present,  Pres.  H.  A.  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Coleoptera. —  Dr.  Castle  exhibited  four  specimens  of  a  Pachnaens 
he  had  collected  in  Detroit,  Florida,  v-15  and  16,  which  do  not  agree 
with  our  two  species. 

Mr.  Geo.  M.  Greene  called  attention  to  an  easily  explained  "minor" 
mistake  occurring  in  the  minutes  in  Ent.  News  xxv,  p.  89,  Feb.,  1914, 
where  he  mentions  Barren  Hill,  Virginia — this  should  be  Miner's  Hill. 
Adjourned  to  the  annex. — GEO.  M.  GREENE,  Secretary. 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  it)  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  ot  Lion- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42i  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  183 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  New*.  Vol.  XV7,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork  ;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9xl3x2i  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.— We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
RECENT   LITERATURE 

FOR   SALE    BY 

THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 

Please    check    the    items    you    desire    of   this    list    and    return    it 
with  your  remittance. 

MARCH,    1918 

COLEOPTERA. 

2073.— Blaisdell  (F.  E.).— Studies  in  the  Tenebrionidae  [2 

new],  (Ent.  News,  29,  7-14,  '18) 20 

2074.— Garnett  (R.  T.). — Notes  on  Dinapate  wrightii  (Ent. 

News,  29,  41-44,  1  pi.,  '18)  2!) 

DIPTERA. 

:.'075. — Van  Duzee  (M.  C). — New  .North  American  species  of 
Dblichopodidae  [5  new],  (Ent.  News,  29,  45-51,  ill., 
'18)  15 

HYMENOPTERA. 

L'oifi.— Cockerell    (T.    D.    A.).— The    Bembicine    wasps.      (Ent. 

News,  29,   59-60,   '18)    10 

2077. — Girault  (A.  A.). — The  North  American  species  of  Cer- 

chysius,  females  [1  new],   (Ent.  News,  29,  65-66,  '18).     .10 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

2078. — Skinner  (H.). — Argynnis  apacheana,  a  new  name  (Ent. 

News,  29,   67-68,   '18) 10 

pDONATA. 

2079. — Stout  (A.  L.). — Variation  in  labial  characters  in  the 
nymph  of  Gomphus  spicatus  (Ent.  News,  29,  68-70, 
ill.,  '18)  \ 10 

HEMIPTERA. 
2080. — Barber   (H.  G.). — Corrections   to   "New  York  Scolopo- 

stethi"  (Ent.  News,  29,  51-52,  '18)    10 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


u 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  arnathonte 

snlkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  columbus  Urania  boisduvali 

"       andraemon  Erinyis  guttalaris 

celadon  Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 
devilliersi 


u 


From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  Lepidoptera 

200  Dvnastes  hercules 


From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

philoxenus  Brahmaea  wallachi 

And    Many   Other   Showy   Species 

From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Armandia  lidderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES    OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL    SUPPLIES    AND    SPECIMENS 
ON    APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D.  404-410  W.  27th  Street 


APRIL,   1918. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.  XXIX.  No. 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 
JS08-1869, 


-PHILIP   P.  CALVERT,  Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.D.,  Sc.D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 

KZttA    T.   CRESSON.  J.    A.  <3.    REHX. 

PNII.IP   I.AURSNT,  ERICH    DAECKH.  H.    W.    WRNZSC. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 
LOGAN  SQUARE. 

Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post-Office  as  Second-Class  Mailer. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

published  monthly,  excepting  August  and  September,  in  charge  of  the  Entomo- 
logical Section  of  The  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia, 
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5^°  Address  all  other  communications  to  the  editor,  Dr.  P.  P.  Calvert,  4515 
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TO  CONTRIBUTORS.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed 
upon  at  our  earliest  convenience,  and,  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published 
according  to  date  of  reception  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a 
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"copy"  for  each  number  into  the  hands  of  the  printer  five  weeks  before  date 
of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  important  matter 
for  a  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras,"  without  change  in  form  and  without 
covers,  will  be  given  free,  when  they  are  wanted  ;  if  more  than  twenty-five 
copies  are  desired,  this  should  be  stated  on  the  MS.  The  receipt  of  all  papers 
will  be  acknowledged.  Proof  will  be  sent  to  authors  for  correction  only  when 
specially  requested. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE  TO  AUTHORS    . 

Owing  to  increased  cost  of  labor  and  materials,  only  one  plate  (of  line- 
engravings  only)  will  be  published  in  each  issue  of  the  NEWS  during  1918, 
except  where  authors  furnish  the  necessary  blocks,  or  pay  in  advance  the  cost 
of  making  blocks,  and  pay  for  the  cost  of  printing  the  plates.  Information  as 
to  the  cost  will  be  furnished  in  each  case  on  application  to  the  Editor. 
Blocks  furnished  or  paid  for  by  authors  will,  of  course,  be  returned  to  authors 
after  publication,  if  desired. 

(W  The  printer  of  the  NEWS  will  furnish  reprints  of  articles  over  and  above  the  twenty-five 
given  free  at  the  following  rates  :  Each  printed  page  or  fraction  thereof,  twenty-five  copies, 
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these  rates. 

500   PIN-LABELS,  25  CENTS!     All  Alike  on  a  Strip. 

Smallest  Type.      Pure  White  Ledger  Paper.      Not  Over  4  Lines  or  30  Characters  (13  to  a  Line 
Additional  characters  Ic    each,  per  Line,  per  500.  Trimmed. 

C.  V.  BLACKBURN,  I  2  Pine  St.,  STONEHAM,  MASS.,  U.  S.  A. 


ENT.  NEWS,  Voi,.  XXIX. 


Plate  VII. 


3 .     P. 


CORYTHUCHA    SPINULOSA.-DicKERsoN  AND  WEISS. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.     XXIX. 


APRIL,,    1918. 


No.  4. 


CONTENTS: 


Dickerson  and  Weiss— Corythucha 
spinulosa  Gibson,  a  new  Lace  Bug 
on  Wild  Cherrv  (Hem.,  Horn.)  ..  121 

Girault— New  and  Old  West  Indian 
and  North  American  Chalcid-flies 
(Hym.) 125 

Scudder's  Tertiary  Insects  of  North 
America 131 

Kmill — A  new  Species  of  Eupogonius 
(Coleoptera)  from  Pennsylvania...  132 

Cresson — New  North  American  Dip- 
tera  (Scathophagidae) 133 

Knab  and  Van  Zwaluwenburg — A  Sec- 
ond Mycetophila  with  Dung-bear- 
ing Larva  (Diptera;  Mycetophili- 
dae) 138 

Garnett— Beetle, Hippomelassphenicus, 
Prey  of  Wasp  (Dip.) 142 

Parker  — Data  Concerning  Flies  that 
Frequent  Privy  Vaults  in  Montana 
(Dip.) 143 

Malloch— Two  New  North  American 
Phoridae  (  Diptera )  146 


Editorial— As  to  Types 148 

Moths  Lively  after  a  Low  Tempera- 
ture (  Lep. ) 149 

Leussler — Interesting  Butterfly  Occur- 
rences at  Beeville,  Texas  (Lep.)...  149 

Leng — Genitalia  of  Rhynchophora — 
Material  Wanted  ( Col. ) 150 

Skinner — Some  Species  of  Copaeodes 
( Lep. ) 150 

Entomological  Literature 151 

Review  of  Van  Duzee :  Catalogue  of 
the  Hemiptera  of  America  North 
of  Mexico,  excepting  the  Aphidi- 
dae,  Coccidae  and  Aleurodidae... .  154 

Review  of  Lutz:  Field  Book  of  Insects  155 

Doings  of  Societies — Meeting  of  Ohio 
Entomologists  (Arachnida,  Ho- 
moptera,  Hymen.,  Lep.,  Dip.) 156 

Obituary  — Dr.  Samuel  Gibson  Dixon..   157 

Charles  Arthur  Hart 157 

Charles  Palm 159 

Adolph  Friedrich  VI.. 159 

Erratum .   160 


Corythucha  spinulosa  Gibson,  a  New  Lace-bug  on 
Wild  Cherry  (Hem.,  Horn.). 

By  EDGAR  L.  DICKERSON  and  HARRY  B.  WEISS*,  New  Bruns- 
wick, New  Jersey. 

(Plate  VII  ) 

During  the  late  summer  of  1916  this  species  was  first  noted 
feeding  on  wild  cherry  (Primus  scrotina)  at  Jamesburg,  New- 
Jersey,  and  observations  conducted  since  then  have  resulted  in 
the  following  notes.  Overwintering  adults  first  appeared  dur- 
ing the  first  few  days  in  June,  females  being  most  abundant. 
Unfavorable  weather  undoubtedly  delayed  their  appearance 
several  weeks.  At  this  time  scattered  feeding  injuries  were 
noted  usually  along  the  mid-ribs  of  the  leaves  showing  that 
considerable  feeding  took  place  during  egg-deposition.  Egg- 

*  The  arrangement  of  the  author's  names  has  no  significance  and 
indicates  neither  seniority  nor  precedence. 


121 


122  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

laying  started  the  first  week  in  June,  which  was  soon  after 
emergence,  and  continued  until  about  June  20,  at  which  time 
only  a  comparatively  few  females  were  found  and  during 
which  time  most  of  the  eggs  were  laid. 

The  eggs  are  deposited  in  the  mid-rib  on  the  under  side  of 
the  leaf,  usually  in  the  basal  portion  which  is  pubescent.  This 
results  in  the  eggs  being  partially  hidden.  Most  of  the  eggs 
stick  out  parallel  to  the  leaf  surface  although  some  appear  to 
be  inserted  perpendicular  in  the  leaf  tissue  close  to  the  mid-rib 
while  a  few  are  inserted  in  the  mid  rib  at  an  angle.  Only  the 
basal  rounded  end  of  the  egg  is  inserted  in  the  leaf  and  the 
outer  projecting  part  of  the  egg  is  covered  with  the  black 
varnish-like  excrement  of  the  female.  From  4  to  35  eggs  were 
found  in  a  single  mid-rib,  these  being  distributed  unevenly  on 
both  sides.  As  a  rule,  each  leaf  contained  about  15  eggs. 
Hatching  started  about  June  25  and  the  first  adults  appeared 
July  15,  the  egg  stage  requiring  from  2  to  3  weeks.  The  ist, 
2nd  and  3rd  nymphal  stages  required  from  2  to  3  days,  the 
4th  from  3  to  4  days  and  the  5th  from  7  to  9  days.  The  5th 
was  undoubtedly  prolonged  by  cool,  rainy  weather  at  that  time. 
In  fact,  all  stages  are  shortened  or  prolonged  by  favorable  or 
unfavorable  weather. 

The  nymphs  feed  in  colonies  on  the  under  surface  of  the 
leaf  along  the  mid-rib  and  if  the  individuals  of  a  colony  are 
separated  they  will  later  collect  and  feed  together.  While 
there  is  a  tendency  for  some  4th  and  5th  stage  nymphs  to 
migrate  somewhat,  most  of  them  feed  together.  By  the  last 
of  July  many  adults  of  the  first  brood  are  present  and  egg  lay- 
ing starts,  young  leaves  usually  being  selected  for  this  purpose. 
By  the  latter  part  of  August  the  first  adults  of  a  second  brood 
are  present  and  continue  to  appear  well  into  September.  On 
account  of  the  length  of  time  over  which  oviposition  extends  it 
is  possible  to  find,  during  the  summer,  all  stages  of  the  nymphs 
at  the  same  time.  All  stages  feed  on  the  under  leaf  surface 
which  results  in  a  whitish  discoloration  of  the  upper  surface. 
The  under  surface  is  disfigured  by  varnish-like  spots  of  ex- 
crement. In  common  with  Stcphanitis  pyrioidcs  Scott,  a  few 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  123 

females  of  a  previous  brood  can  always  be  found  lingering  on 
the  plants  long  after  the  eggs  have  hatched  and  as  late  as  the 
time  when  4th  and  5th  stage  nymphs  are  present.  The  adult 
was  described  by  Mr.  Edmund  H.  Gibson,  who  very  kindly 
and  generously  permitted  us  to  include  his  description  in  this 
paper. 

Egg.  (Plate  VII,  fig.  2.)  Length  0.55  mm.,  width  0.2  mm.  Ellip- 
tical, basal  half  translucent,  outer  half  dark  brown.  Basal  end  acute 
with  rounded  tip.  Sides  of  apical  half  subparallel,  slightly  tapering 
toward  tip.  Extremity  of  apical  end  truncate  with  rim-like  collar  and 
central  projecting  cone-shaped  nipple. 

First  stage  nymph.  (Plate  VII,  fig.  3.)  Length  0.62  mm.  Shape 
elliptical,  dorsal  surface  of  body  brown,  posterior  half  darker  than 
anterior  half.  Head  bears  three  prominent  tubercles  arranged  in  a 
triangle  on  dorsal  surface.  Dorsal  surface  of  body,  especially  posterior 
portion,  and  lateral  margins  of  abdominal  segments  bearing  compara- 
tively prominent  secreting  hairs.  Antennae  one-third  length  of  body, 
white,  sparsely  covered  with  prominent  secreting  hairs.  Rostrum 
white,  reaching  to  posterior  pair  of  legs.  Legs  white. 

Second  sta;/e  nymph.  (Plate  VIT,  fig.  4.)  Length  0.8  mm.  Shape 
similar  to  that  of  first  stage,  but  more  oval  in  outline.  Color  darker 
than  that  of  first  stage.  Tubercles  on  head  more  pronounced.  Bases 
of  hairs  tuberculate.  A  single  spine-like  tubercle  on  lateral  margins 
of  first  and  second  thoracic  segments  and  the  second  and  remaining 
abdominal  segments,  each  tubercle  bearing  a  glandular  hair.  A  pair 
of  spine-like  tubercles  tipped  with  secreting-  hairs  on  the  dorsal  sur- 
face of  the  pro-  and  mesothorax  and  the  second,  fifth,  sixth  and 
eighth  abdominal  segments.  Antennae  white,  comparatively  slightly 
shorter  than  in  first  stage.  Rostrum  white,  reaching  to  posterior  legs 
Legs  white. 

Third  stage  nymph.  (Plate  VII,  fig.  5.)  Length  i.i  mm.  Shape 
oval,  dorsal  surface  brownish  black.  Tubercles  as  in  preceding  stage. 
Sides  of  thorax  and  abdomen  margined.  Eyes  prominent.  Antennae 
one-third  iength  of  body.  Legs  and  rostrum  as  in  preceding  stage. 

Fourth  stage  nymph.  (Plate  VII,  I'm.  6.)  Length  1.42  mm.  Shape 
oval,  dorsal  surface  brownish  black.  Eine  light  median  dorsal  line  on 
prothorax,  broadening  into  a  dorsal  median  spot  on  meso-  and  meta- 
thorax  and  first  abdominal  segment.  First  two  abdominal  segments 
slightly  lighter  at  lateral  margins.  Tubercles  similar  to  those  of  pre- 
ceding stage,  glandular  hairs  becoming  spine-like.  Tubercles  of  head 
and  thorax  bearing  several  of  these  spine-like  hairs.  A  spine-like  Inir 
anterior  to  each  tubercle  on  pro-  and  mesothorax.  Tubercles  mi  lat- 
eral margins  of  abdomen  each  beariii:..'  two  spine-like  hairs  and  some 


124  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'iS 

finer  glandular  hairs.  Lateral  margins  of  pro-  and  mesothorax  prom~ 
inently  lobed.  Lobes  of  mesothorax  reaching  second  abdominal  seg- 
ment. Eyes  prominent,  reddish.  Antennae  white,  slightly  more  than 
one-third  length  of  body.  Rostrum  white  tinged  with  brown,  reaching 
third  pair  of  legs.  Legs  white,  tarsi  tinged  with  brown. 

Fifth  stage  nymph.  (Plate  VII,  fig.  7.)  Length  2.2  mm.  Shape 
broadly  oval.  General  color  dark  brown,  almost  black.  Outer  angles 
of  prcthoracic  lobes  with  conspicuous  light  spot;  median  portion  of 
mesothorax  light;  light  band  extending  across  metathorax,  first  ab- 
dominal segment  and  posterior  portions  of  the  mesothoracic  lobes.  A 
pair  of  prominent  tubercles  on  dorsal  surface  of  head  and  one  in  mid- 
dle of  vertex,  a  divided  tubercle  on  apex  of  hood,  one  on  the  outer 
angle  of  margin  of  prothoracic  lobe,  one  on  either  side  of  light  spot  on 
mesothorax,  one  on  lateral  margin  of  mesothoracic  lobe,  one  on  lateral 
margin  of  each  abdominal  segment  beginning  with  the  fourth,  a  pair 
on  the  median  dorsal  surface  of  the  fifth  and  sixth  abdominal  seg- 
ments. Each  tubercle  bears  3  or  4  spines.  There  is  a  pair  of  spines 
on  median  dorsal  portion  of  second  and  eighth  abdominal  segments. 
On  the  lateral  margin  of  the  prothoracic  lobe  there  are  three  spines 
anterior  to  the  tubercle  and  two  anterior  to  the  tubercle  on  the  meso- 
thoracic lobe ;  a  median  pair  on  the  mesothorax  posterior  to  the  hood. 
Eyes  distinct,  granular,  dark  brown,  showing  just  beyond  lobes  of 
prothorax.  Antennae  white,  about  one-third  length  of  body,  last  two 
segments  bearing  number  of  long  fine  hairs.  Rostrum  extending  to 
middle  pair  of  legs.  Legs  white,  tip  of  tibia  and  tarsus  suffused  with 
light  brown,  each  segment  bearing  several  minute  hairs. 

Adult.     Corythucha  spinulosa  (Plate  VII,  fig.  8). 

Edmund   H.  Gibson,  Trans.  Amer.   Ent.   Soc.  xliv,  p.  79   (1918). 

"Hood  twice  as  high  as  median  carina  and  noticeably  longer.  Height 
of  hood  equals  about  two-thirds  the  length  of  hood  and  not  much 
greater  than  length  of  median  carina.  Median  carina  with  two  rows 
of  areoles.  Reticulation  of  hood  large.  Costal  margins  of  elytra 
nearly  straight.  Spines  on  membranous  margins  normally  long,  not 
numerous  on  nervures.  Size  4  mm.  long,  2.5  mm.  wide. 

"Hood  embrowned  on  top.  Nervures  of  paranota  yellow,  with  only 
trace  of  brown  spots.  Dark  brown  band  across  base  and  apex  of 
elytra.  Apical  band  slightly  less  in  width  than  one-third  length  of 
elytra.  Two  or  three  large  hyaline  areoles  in  apical  band  and  sev- 
eral partial  hyaline.  . 

Differs  from  associate!  Osb.  &  Dr.,  in  having  a  lower  hood, 
fewer  spines  on  nervures,  two  rows  of  areoles  in  median  carina 
and  a  narrower  apical  band  across  elytra.  Distinguished  from 
cyrta  Parsh.,  in  having  crest  of  hood  more  acute  and  angulate 
and  top  from  crest  forward  nearly  straight. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  125 

Described  from  one  female  and  three  males  collected  by 
Dickerson  and  Weiss  at  Jamesburg,  New  Jersey,  and  in  the 
Parshley  collection  and  from  one  female  and  two  males  in  the 
Weiss  collection.  Many  other  specimens  from  the  same  local- 
ity have  been  examined.  Food  plant  of  this  species  is  wild 
cherry,  Prunns  scrotum." 

Up  to  the  present  this  species  has  been  found  only  at  James- 
burg  in  New  Jersey  and  appears  to  be  rather  well  distributed 
over  a  small  wooded  section  in  that  locality. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  VII. 
Corythucha    spinulosa    Gibson. 
Fig.  I,  cherry  leaf   showing   feed-      Fig.  5,  third   stage  nymph. 

ing.  Fig.  6,  fourth  stage  nymph. 

Fig.  2,  egg.  Fig.  7,  fifth   stage  nymph. 

Fig.  3,  first   stage   nymph.  Fig.  8,  adult. 

Fig.  4,  second  stage  nymph. 


New  and   Old    West   Indian   and   North   American 

Chalcid-flies  (Hym.)« 

By  A.  A.  GIRAULT,  Glenn  Dale,  Maryland. 
GROTIUSOMYIA  new  genus. 

Belongs  to  the  Ophelinini.  Habitus  and  structure  of  the 
Entedonini. 

5  .  Head  (cephalic  aspect)  triangular,  the  antennae  in- 
serted at  the  ventral  ends  of  the  eyes,  the  scrobes  forming  a 
narrow,  acutely  pointed  triangle ;  antennae  lo-jointed,  short 
and  clavate,  two  very  thin  ring-joints,  the  club  2-jointed  and 
obtuse  at  apex.  Mandibles  broad,  at  apex  with  twelve  equal, 
minute  teeth. 

Pronotum  distinct,  of  moderate  size.  Parapsidal  furrows 
complete,  much  curved,  narrow  like  a  suture.  Axillae  a  little 
advanced,  with  blunt  apex.  Scutellum  simple. 

Propodeum  with  a  very  strong  median  carina  and  a  "com- 
plex" lateral  one  consisting  of  two  carinae  diverging  at  once 
from  base  or  nearly,  opening  disto-laterad,  the  cephalic  arm 
forming  the  cephalic  margin  of  the  propodeum  and  nearly 
against  which  is  the  moderate,  oval-reniform  spiracle;  the  oth- 


126  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

er  arm,  the  true  lateral  carina,  runs  disto-laterad  toward  the 
hind  coxa  and  well  mesad  of  the  spiracle  ;  it  has  a  distinct, 
smooth  sulcus  along  its  lateral  side.  Abdomen  sessile,  flat 
above,  its  second  segment  occupying  slightly  less  than  half 
the  surface,  its  caudal  margin  straight,  the  other  segments 
short  except  7. 

Marginal  vein  a  little  longer  than  the  submarginal,  about 
thrice  the  length  of  the  well  developed  stigmal,  the  latter  some- 
what shorter  than  the  postmarginal.  Tibial  spurs  of  hind 
legs  not  enlarged,  distinct. 

Gcuot\pc:  Mlotropsls  nigricans  Howard. 

1.  Grotiusomyia  nigricans  (Howard). 

9.  Length,  1.15  mm.  Dark  metallic  blue,  the  wings  hyaline,  the  vena- 
tion pale,  the  antennae,  tegulae  and  legs,  golden  brown  except  the  hind 
coxae.  Mandibles  white,  at  apex  narrowly  reddish,  broadly  dusky  at 
base.  Head  and  thorax  scaly  punctate  (that  is  scaly  but  the  lines 
raised),  the  propodeum  and  the  abdomen  (except  segment  2  entirely), 
scaly.  Hind  coxae  above  sculptured  like  the  scutum.  Bulla  quadrate, 
dusky.  Scape  cylindrical,  moderately  long.  Pedicel  a  little  longer  than 
wide,  small.  Funicle  joints  all  distinctly  wider  than  long,  the  distal 
two  larger  than  the  proximal  two,  the  club  about  equally  divided,  the 
second  joint  smaller,  i  much  wider  than  long.  Scutellum  with  four 
bristles. 

One  female  reared  from  larva  of  Eudamus  protcus,  St. 
Vincent,  British  West  Indies  (F.  Watts).  United  States 
National  Museum,  the  female  on  a  tag,  the  head,  a  hind  tibia 
and  a  fore  wing  on  a  slide. 

2.  Grotinsomyia  flavicornis  Girault,  Psyche,  xxiv,  p.  95,  1917. 

9 .  The  same  but  the  mandibles  only  7-dentate,  the  pedicel  is  in- 
fuscated,  the  propodeum  and  postscutellum  glabrous  not  scaly.  Funicle 
i  quadrate.  Otherwise  the  same. 

Two  females  reared  from  a  pyralid  leaf-miner  on  oak, 
August  4,  1879,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Secundeisenia  (Eiseniella)   mexicana   (Ashmead). 

The  postmarginal  vein  is  distinct  but  very  much  shorter  than  the 
stigmal.  Otherwise  the  species  resembles  a  Blastophaga.  Marginal 
vein  somewhat  shorter  than  the  long  stigmal.  Antennae  u -jointed, 
the  first  funicle  joint  with  a  process. 

Type  in  the  I'.  S.  National  Museum  examined. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  12J 

Stomatoceras  unipunctatipennis  new  species. 

$  .  Length,  2.35  mm.  The  red  collar  or  prothorax  is  characteristic. 
Blood  red,  the  following  parts  black :  Head,  antenna  distad  of  funi- 
cle  2,  scutum,  parapsides,  scutellum,  axillae,  abdomen  except  lower 
sides  and  venter,  propodeum  broadly  along  the  meson  and  the  middle 
part  of  the  mesopleurum.  Fore  wings  embrowned  from  the  base  of 
the  bend  of  the  submarginal  vein  to  apex  and  with  a  perfectly  round, 
rather  small  hyaline  spot  against  the  apex  of  the  short  stigmal  vein; 
venation  dark. 

Funicle  I  a  little  longer  than  wide,  2  longest,  twice  longer  than 
wide,  shorter  than  the  pedicel,  8  quadrate;  club  a  little  longer  than 
the  pedicel.  Marginal  vein  somewhat  less  than  twice  the  length  of 
the  postmarginal,  the  latter  over  twice  that  of  the  stigmal  which  is  di- 
rected distad.  Black  teeth  on  hind  femur  along  basal  half.  Cheeks 
caudad  margined.  Umbilicately  punctate;  mesopleurum  cross-rugulose; 
apex  of  scutellum  emarginate  only;  abdomen  (except  segment  2) 
scaly,  7  with  obscure  thimble-punctures,  the  last  segment  with  a  me- 
dian carina.  Propodeum  with  coarse,  oblique  rugae  and  a  pair  of 
median  ones,  all  conspicuous. 

One  female,  January  27,  1897,  Berkeley,  West  Virginia  (E. 
A.  Schwarz). 

Type :  Catalogue  No.  206/8,  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, a  female  on  a  tag,  antennae  and  fore  wings  on  a  slide. 

Stomatoceras  unipunctatipennis  Girault  americensis  new  variety. 

9 .  Like  the  typical  form  but  a  third  larger,  the  abdomen  entirely 
black  except  the  base  beneath,  the  pronotum  black  except  the  caudal 
margin  laterad,  the  cephalic  part  of  propleurum  black,  the  upper  and 
lower  parts  of  metapleurum  and  the  propodeum  except  disto-caudad. 

One   female,   Camden   County,   New  Jersey    (W.   J.    Fox). 
Type:    Catalogue  No.  20680,  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, the  female  on  a  tag. 

Stomatoceras  tenuicornis  new  species. 

$.  Length,  4.00  mm.  Black,  the  filiform  antennae  except  scape  (ex- 
cept at  apex)  and  the  club  (except  at  base),  knees  very  narrowly,  tips 
of  tibiae,  tarsi  and  the  extruded  part  of  the  ovipositor  valves,  blood 
reddish;  also  the  middle  coxae.  Fore  wing  infuscated  as  in  the  pre- 
ceding but  instead  of  the  round  hyaline  circle  there  is  a  hyaline  stripe 
which  reaches  two-thirds  the  way  across  the  wing. 

Funicle  I  over  twice  longer  than  wide,  a  little  over  half  the  length 
of  the  very  elongate  pedicel  which  is  a  little  longer  than  any  funicle 
joint;  funicle  2  longest,  a  third  longer  than  2,  slightly  longer  than  3, 
8  twice  longer  than  wide;  club  subcqual  to  funicle  3.  Abdomen  scaly 


128  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

from  the  distal  third  of  segment  2  (except  the  other  segments  broadly 
proximad)  ;  large  punctures  on  7  distinct  Propodeum  rugose  but  with 
five  half-complete  "median"  carinae  at  base,  all  well  separated.  As 
in  the  other  species. 

One  female,  Santa  Rita  Mountains,  Arizona,  May  21  (H. 
G.  Hubbard). 

Type:  Catalogue  No.  20681,  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, the  females  on  a  tag,  a  fore  wing  and  an  antenna  on  a 
slide. 

Pleurotropis  kansensis  new  species.  ' 

$.  Similar  to  quercicola  (Ashmead),  but  segment  2  of  the  ab- 
domen is  entirely  glabrous  and  occupies  but  one-fourth  of  the  surface, 
the  scutum  is  uniformly  sculptured  and  the  petiole  quadrate.  Lateral 
carinae  straight,  long,  the  pair  of  median  very  close  together. 

One  female,  Onaga,  Kansas  ( Crevecoeur). 
Type :     Catalogue  No.  20694.     United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, the  female  on  a  tag,  the  head  on  a  slide. 

Polycystus  clypeatus  new  species. 

Characterized  by  not  having  the  clypeus  advanced  but  its 
apex  tridentate,  the  teeth  subequal ;  moreover  there  is  a  very 
narrow,  hairlike  "tooth,"  longer  than  the  others,  between  the 
third  tooth  and  the  sinus  at  lateral  margin.  Syntomopus 
americanus  Ashmead  has  the  clypeus  tridentate,  but  the  lat- 
eral teeth  are  very  weak  and  short,  the  median  one  long  and 
conspicuous.  Syntomopus  affinis  Ashmead  has  the  clypeus 
similarly  armed. 

$ .  Length,  0.85  mm.  Dark  metallic  green,  the  wings  hyaline,  the 
venation  yellow;  knees  very  broadly,  tarsi  and  tips  of  tibiae  white, 
the  tibiae  yellow;  flagellum  beneath  suffused  with  yellow. 

Antennae  inserted  below  the  middle  of  the  face  but  above  the  ven- 
tral ends  of  the  eyes,  the  scrobes  inconspicuous;  pedicel  somewhat 
longer  than  wide  at  apex,  longer  than  any  funicle  joint;  i  of  funicle 
quadrate,  6  nearly  twice  wider  than  long;  ring-joints  (2)  short,  a 
little  unequal.  Mandibles  4-dentate.  Head  and  thorax  densely  scaly- 
punctate. 

Pronotum  transverse.  Parapsidal  furrows  about  half  complete. 
Axillae  separated.  Propodeum  neckless,  tricarinate,  the  carinae  join- 
ing around  the  caudal  margin,  the  cephalic  margin  to  the  spiracle 
foveate,  the  fovese  bounded  by  carinae,  the  spiracle  elliptical;  a 
spiracular  sulcus  directly  from  the  spiracle  and  along  the  lateral  side 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  I2C) 

of  the  lateral  carina.  Propodeum  and  petiole  seal}',  the  latter  about 
as  long  as  the  hind  coxae. 

Abdomen  smaller  than  the  thorax,  slightly  scaly  toward  apex,  widest 
at  apex  of  segment  2,  flat  above,  kneeled  beneath;  segment  2  occupying 
over  a  third  of  the  surface,  with  a  small,  distinct  incision  at  meson 
caudad;  other  segments  much  wider  than  long;  the  ovipositor  valves 
extruded  a  little. 

Hind  tibial  spur  slender.  Postmarginal  vein  long,  a  little  shorter 
than  the  marginal,  distinctly  longer  than  the  elongate  stigmal. 

One  female  reared  from  a  leaf-miner  on  corn,  St.  Vincent, 
British  West  Indies  (F.  Watts). 

Type :  Catalogue  No.  20682,  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, the  female  being  on  a  tag;  hind  legs,  the  head  and  a 
fore  wing  on  a  slide. 

Mosolelaps  cyaneiventris  Ashmead.     Genotype. 

One  ring-joint,  seven  funicle,  three  club,  the  antennae  13-jointed. 
Female.  From  the  type. 

Sycophila  incerta  Ashmead. 

The  scutellum  is  flat  and  quite  as  in  Kocbclca  but  the  postmarginal 
vein  is  much  shorter  than  the  stigmal,  yet  distinct.  Mandibles  triden- 
tate.  Propodeum  plane,  distinct,  wider  than  long.  Funicle  joints  all 
wider  than  long,  shorter  than  the  pedicel.  Tzt'o  ring-joints,  contrary 
to  the  description.  The  abdomen  bears  four  brown  cross-stripes,  the 
first  at  the  apex  of  segment  2;  body  honey  yellow.  Type  seen. 

Many  females  reared  from  Ficns  laurina,  Barbadoes,  West 
Indies  ( F.  Watts). 

Idarnes  carme  Walker.     Genotype. 

The  antennae  are  II -jointed  with  one  ring-joint,  the  club  3-jointed 
and  with  a  slight  nipple  at  apex.  Mandibles  with  two  equal  acute 
teeth.  Ovipositor  about  twice  the  length  of  the  body.  Scape  yellowish 
except  above.  The  original  description  is  otherwise  about  correct. 
There  is  no  minute  fourth  club-joint  (or  a  nipple  which  has  the  ap- 
pearance of  being  articulated). 

Reared,  together  with  a  Blastophaga,  from  Fie  us  laurina. 
Barbadoes,  British  West  Indies  (  F.  Watts).  Compared  with 
specimens  in  the  United  States  National  Museum.  A  syno- 
nym is  my  Idarnomorpha. 

Bruchobius  laticeps  Crawford. 

9.  Length,  2.30  mm.  Short,  robust.  Differs  from  the  description  of 
the  genotype  of  Metastenoides  in  that  the  postmarginal  vein  is  a  lit- 


I3O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

tie  longer  than  the  short  marginal,  the  latter  subequal  to  the  stigmal; 
the  spiracular  sulcus  is  not  present,  the  spiracle  reniform  and  rather 
stouter;  neck  of  propodeum  prominent,  the  abdomen  very  shortly 
petiolate,  the  petiole  vertical  and  hidden;  segment  2  of  the  abdomen 
occupies  somewhat  over  a  third  of  the  surface  (its  caudal  margin 
straight);  all  coxae  metallic:  otherwise  the  same;  distal  half  of  hind 
tibiae  white;  funicle  i  nearly  twice  the  length  of  the  pedicel;  ring-joints 
increasing  in  size;  clypeus  striate:-  one  hind  tibial  spur  short;  parap- 
sidal  furrows  three-fourths  complete. 

$  .  Femora  more  or  less  metallic,  the  abdomen  with  a  large  white 
blotch  at  base  (beneath  and  above),  two  nearly  equal  ring-joints, 
funicle  i  a  half  longer  than  wide,  a  little  shorter  than  6,  longer  than 
the  short  pedicel,  2  longest,  about  twice  longer  than  wide.  Funicle  and 
club  darker. 

From  several  pairs  associated  with  cowpea  weevils  at  Col- 
lege Station,  Texas  (Paddock).  The  genus  belongs  to  the 
Miscogasteridae  and  is  closely  allied  with  my  Mctastcnoldes, 
if  not  identical  with  it. 

Pseudomphale  eudami  new  species. 

9.  Differs  from  cuprcus  in  that  the  sculptured  area  on  segment  2 
of  the  abdomen  is  twice  longer  and  mostly  of  fine  punctures,  the  lateral 
grooves  of  the  scutellum  meet  medially. 

From  nuiroacncns  in  that  segment  2  is  punctate,  the  abdominal 
petiole  is  only  weakly 'tricarinate. 

From  apantelivorus  in  that  the  large  area  containing  the  spiracle  is 
not  wholly  glabrous  but  coarsely  scaly  at  its  margins,  the  abdomen  is 
shorter,  the  prepectus  subglabrous  (scaly  reticulated,  not  punctured, 
in  the  other)  and  the  sculpture  of  abdomen  2  coarse  (in  the  other 
very  fine  and  of  minute  punctures  as  in  microgaster.) 

From  cockerel! i  (which  is  the  same  as  apdntelivorus  bui:  differs  in 
having  the  coarse  sculpture  on  the  abdomen),  in  that  its  prepectus  is 
delicately  scaly. 

Of  the  continental  North  American  fauna,  it  runs  to  sardns  Walker, 
but  abdomen  2  in  that  species  bears  scaly  sculpture  as  it  does  in  all 
the  varieties  and  allies  of  that  species.  The  species  producta  Ash- 
mead  has  segment  2  of  the  abdomen  punctured  back  to  the  middle  or 
more.  Funicle  joints  subequal,  short,  oval,  a  little  shorter  than  the 
pedicel  and  than  club  i. 

$  .  Scape  compressed,  its  distal  half  metallic  above,  the  lour  funi- 
cle joints  as  in  the  female,  more  hairy,  longer  than  the  pedicel,  shorter 
than  the  club. 

Three  pairs  reared  from  the  larva  of  Eitd'iwits  protcus,  St. 
Vincent,  British  West  Indies  (  F.  Watts). 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  13! 

Types:  Catalogue  No.  20662,  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, two  males,  three  females  on  tags.  Types  of  the  named 
species  examined  or  else  specimens. 

The  table  of  species  in  the  Proc.  U.  S.  National  Museum, 
40,  1911,  p.  446,  is  faulty  in  that  the  coloration  of  the  femora 
and  tibiae  is  not  mentioned  and  the  sculpture  of  the  head  is 
used ;  I  have  been  able  to  see  no  real  difference  in  respect  to 
the  latter,  though  I  have  examined  every  species  concerned 
besides  all  those  from  North  America.  However,  citplcctri 
has  the  space  inclosed  by  the  V-shaped  suture  in  front  of  the 
ocelli  subglabrous ;  in  the  genotype  this  is  glabrous. 

Closterocerus   utahensis  Crawford    (californicus   Girault). 

One  female  from  Symydobius  chrysolepis  on  Oner  ens  chry- 
solcpis,  Alpine,  California,  April  30,  1916  (A.  F.  Swain). 

Omphalchrysocharis  petiolatus  new  species. 

9.  Similar  to  oricntalis  but  the  mandibles  only  bidentate,  the  petiole 
nearly  twice  longer  than  wide  and  with  lateral  carinae  (its  surface 
scaly),  the  scutellum  with  a  short  sulcus  at  base,  the  propodeum  with 
irregular  carinae  along  its  meson  broadly.  Funicle  joints  nearly  twice 
longer  than  wide,  subequal,  each  a  little  longer  than  the  pedicel. 

$ .  Scape  dilated,  black  along  its  dorsal  edge,  otherwise  pale. 

Three  pairs  reared  from  an  Oscinid  on  daisy,  March  5, 
1890  (Washington,  D.  C.). 

Types :  Catalogue  No.  20665,  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, two  males,  three  females  on  tags,  the  head  of  each  sex 
on  a  slide. 

Arthrolytus  aeneoviridis  Gfrault. 

One  female.  Phoenix,  Arizona,  from  Bucculalrix  thnrbcri- 
aclla  on  cotton  (C.  K.  Wildermuth). 


Scudder's  Tertiary  Insects  of  North  America. 
A  few  copies  of  Volume  XIII  of  the  final  reports  of  the  Hayden  Sur- 
vey, entitled  "The  Tertiary  Insects  of  North  America,"  have  been  re- 
cently acquired  by  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  Department  of 
the  Interior,  and  may  be  obtained  on  application  to  the  Director  of  the 
U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  Washington,  D.  C.  This  monograph  is  of  in- 
terest to  paleontologists.  It  contains  734  pages  and  28  plates. 


132  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

A  new  Species  of  Eupogonius  (Coleoptera,  Ceram- 
bycidae)  from  Pennsylvania. 

By  JOSEF  N.  KNULL,  Bureau  of  Zoology,  Harrisburg, 

Pennsylvania. 

As  far  as  I  know,  five  species  of  Eupogonius  have  been 
described,  from  the  United  States.  Four  of  these,  E.  tomen- 
tosits  Hald.,  E.  vcstitus  Say,  E.  pubesccns  Lee.  and  E  snb- 
aniuilus  Lee.  are  found  in  the  eastern  part  of  our  territory, 
while  E.  fitlvovestitiis  Schaeffer  was  described  from  Texas. 

Eupogonius  fraxini  n.  sp. 

Dark  brown  clothed  with  irregular  patches  of  closely  appressed 
fulvous  hairs,  intermixed  with  erect  black  and  yellow  hairs.  Head 
irregularly  clothed  with  fulvous  hairs,  densely  and  deeply  punctured, 
each  puncture  bearing  an  erect  black  hair.  Eyes  black,  prominent, 
coarsely  granulate  and  fringed  with  short  fulvous  hairs  along  the 
margins.  Female  antennae  shorter  than  body,  male  antennae  extend- 
ing beyond  the  tips  of  the  elytra,  dark  brown,  sparsely  clothed  with 
fulvous  hairs,  coarsely  and  densely  punctured  toward  the  base,  de- 
creasing toward  the  apex,  each  puncture  bearing  a  long  flying  black 
hair,  third  joint  longer  than  the  first  and  second  joints  taken  to- 
gether, fourth  joint  as  long  as  the  third,  fifth  joint  one-half  as  long 
as  the  fourth,  joints  six  to  eleven  gradually  decreasing  in  length. 

Thorax  narrower  than  the  elytra,  armed  on  each  side  with  a  rather 
prominent  obtuse  spine,  clothed  with  irregular  patches  of  closely  ap- 
pressed fulvous  hairs,  deeply  and  densely  punctured  on  dorsal  surface 
and  along  the  sides,  each  puncture  bearing  an  erect  black  hair. 

Elytra  broader  than  the  thorax,  densely  clothed  with  irregular 
patches  of  fulvous  hairs,  showing  the  ground  color  in  small  shiny 
areas,  irregularly  coarsely  and  deeply  punctured,  finer  toward  the 
base ;  each  puncture  containing  an  erect  black  or  yellow  hair,  sides 
parallel  for  the  anterior  two-thirds  and  gradually  tapering  to  rounded 
apices. 

Ventral  surface  convex,  dark  brown,  covered  with  a  uniform  fulvous 
pubescence,  segments  fringed  with  fulvous  hairs,  sparsely  and  lightly 
punctate,  punctures  becoming  more  numerous  along  the  lateral  margin 
and  on  the  fifth  ventral  segment,  each  puncture  containing  a  long 
light-brown  hair. 

Femora  dark-brown,  tibiae  and  tarsi  much  paler,  legs  clothed  with 
fulvous  pubescence  intermixed  with  long  light-brown  hairs.  Length, 
8  mm. ;  width,  3  mm. 

Described  from  two  males  and  two  females  chopped  from 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NK\VS.  133 

the  bark  of  a  dead  black  ash  (Fra.riuus  niqra  Marsh.)  at  Hum- 
melstown,  Pennsylvania,  July  21,  1917.  Type:  A  male  in  the 
author's  collection. 

The  larvae  had  worked  through  the  bark  and  transformed 
to  the  adult  stage  without  entering  the  sapwood. 

I  believe  that  Mr.  F.  C.  Craighead  took  the  same  species 
from  an  ash  tree  at  Great  Falls,  Virginia,  in  1916. 


New  North  American  Diptera  (Scathophagidae). 

By  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of 

Philadelphia. 

Grthacheta  amoena  new  species. 

<?  .  Black;  frontalia,  antennae,  halteres,  lateral  margins  of  abdomen, 
legs  except  hind  tarsi,  tawny.  Face,  cheeks,  palpi,  squamae,  and  fore 
coxae,  white.  Wings  brownish  with  decided  intensification  along  costa. 
Opaque ;  frontal  orbits,  occiput,  ocellar  tubercle,  thorax  except  mes- 
onotum,  abdomen  except  dorsum,  cinereous.  Mesonotum  brownish  with 
fine  dorso-central  black  stripes ;  scutellum  and  abdomen  also  brownish 
All  bristles  black. 

Slender;  head  as  broad  as  thorax.  Frons  nearly  .3  width  of  head; 
orbits  parallel;  three  proclinate  frontals.  Antennae  .8  length  of  face; 
third  joint  3  times  as  long  as  second  with  acutely  prominent  apical 
angle  ;  arista  micro-plumose.  Palpi  nearly  as  long  as  horny  proboscis. 
Oral  margin,  each  side,  with  2-3  bristles  besides  the  vibrissa.  Thoracic 
chaetotaxy :  D.  C.  2:3,  Hum.  1-2,  Presut.  i,  Np.  2,  Sa.  2,  Pa.  2,  Ppl.  2, 
Stigma  I,  Mpl.  2-3,  Spl.  3.  Scutellum  triangular,  narrowly  trrncate 
with  4  long  bristles  ;  the  apical  pair  cruciate  and  at  extreme  apex.  Ab- 
domen 1.5  times  as  long  as  broad,  narrower  than  thorax;  segments 
2-4  each  with  a  long,  erect  bristle  on  apical  lateral  margins  ;  5-6  each 
with  4  erect  apical  marginal  bristles;  lobes  of  fifth  ventral,  suspended, 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  with  roundly  pointed  apices,  sparsely  pilose. 
Legs  long  and  slender,  especially  the  femora.  Chaetotaxy :  Fore 
femora  with  post.  fl.  and  ext.  series  long  and  slender;  fore  tibiae  with 
2  ant.  ext.,  i  post.  ext.  and  fl.;  middle  femora  with  i  ant.  fl.,  3-4  ant., 
2  subap.  post.,  2-3  fine,  long  post.  fl. ;  middle  tibiae  with  i  ant.  fl.,  2 
ant.  ext.,  2  long  post,  ext.,  i  post,  fl.;  hind  femora  with  3  fine  long 
fl.,  1-2  ant.  fl.,  6  ant.  ext. ;  hind  tibiae  with  I  ant.  fl.,  3  ant.  ext.,  3  post. 
ext.  Wings  long  and  narrow;  costa  without  spine  at  first;  veins  3-4 
curved  and  parallel;  penult,  and  tilt,  of  fourth  subequal ;  ult.  of  fifth 
.5  as  long  as  post.  c.  v. ;  anal  vein  attaining  margin.  Length. — 6  mm. 


134  KXTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l<S 

Type. —  $  ;  Swarthmore,  Pennsylvania,  April  10,  1910  (E. 
T.  Cresson,  Jr. ;  sweeping  over  grass),  [A.  N.  S.  P.  No.  6176]. 

A  female,  Ithaca,  New  York,  April  24  [Cornell]  seems  con- 
specific  with  the  above  male  and  is  similar  in  most  respects, 
but  with  the  usual  augmentation  in  the  chaetotaxy ;  also  the 
wings  are  more  hyaline,  tinged  with  yellow  instead  of  brown; 
apex  of  abdomen  pale  but  not  flattened;  second  antennal  joint 
pale  at  apex. 

Cordilura  vierecki   new   species.  , 

9.  Black;  frontalia,  second  antennal  joint  above,  halteres,  fore 
femora  apically,  fore  tibiae  and  tarsi,  hind  legs  including  tarsi,  tawny; 
face,  cheeks,  palpi,  squamae,  whitish  yellow.  Wings  yellowish  with 
pale  veins.  Pile  of  ventral  surfaces  pale.  Opaque,  yellowish  pruinose. 
Frons  .3  width  of  head;  orbits  parallel;  bristles  very  long.  Face 
in  profile  retreating.  Oral  margin  with  long  bristles.  Occiput  strongly 
swollen  below.  Third  antennal  joint  distinctly  angular  at  apex;  arista 
plumose  to  apex.  Mesonotal  bristles  very  long,  also  the  four  on 
scutellum.  Fore  femora,  with  distinct  bristles  in  post,  extensor  and 
ant.  extensor  series ;  three  or  more  long  ones  in  ant.  flexor  series  of 
hind  femora  ;  middle  and  hind  tibiae  with  three  long  bristles  in  each 
ant.  and  post,  extensor  series.  Penultimate  section  of  fourth  vein  .8 
as  long  as  ultimate.  Apical  segments  of  abdomen  laterally  compressed. 
Length — 8  mm. 

Type. —  9  ;  Beulah,  New  Mexico,  June  28,  1902  (on  top  of 
range;  H.  L.  Viereck),   [A.  N.  S.  No.  6177].     Paratypes  — 
2.    9  ;  topotypical. 

I  have  also  3  females  from  Top  of  Las  Vegas  Range, 
New  Mexico,  June  28,  1902,  which  are  probably  part  of  the 
typical  series. 

Apparently  closely  allied  to  confnsa  Lw.,  but  very  different 
in  color  pattern. 

Cordilura  amans  new  species. 

Entirely  yellow  except  ocellar  spot,  bristles  and  the  bare,  or  micro- 
plumose,  arista,  black.  Wings  yellowish,  with  pale  veins.  All  bristles 
strong  with  apical  scutellar  bristles  nearly  as  strong  as  the  lateral  ones. 
Third  antennal  joint  twice  as  long  as  second,  with  distinct  apical  angle. 
Hind  tibiae  with  2  post,  extensors.  Penult,  section  of  vein  4  about  .5 
as  long  as  ult.  Length — 5  mm. 

Type. —  $  ;  Redwood  Canyon,  Marin  County,  California, 
May  17,  1908  (E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.),  [A.  N.  S.  No.  6178]. 


Vol.  X.xix]  ]•  XTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  135 

Cordilura  adrogans   new  species. 

$.  Black;  frons  anteriorly,  apex  of  second  antennal  joint,  lialteres, 
palpi,  fore  tibiae,  tawny;  face  and  cheeks  white.  Wings  brownish, 
more  intense  along  costa  and  at  apex  ;  veins  black.  Mesonotum  and 
abdomen  shining;  frons,  occiput,  pleura,  and  metanotum,  more  or  less 
hoary. 

Frons  .25  as  broad  as  head,  slightly  convex;  orbits  converging; 
occiput  moderately  convex.  Oral  margin  with  long  bristles.  Third 
antennal  joint  with  sharp  apical  angle;  arista  plumose  basally.  Pile 
of  ventral  surfaces  pale.  Dorsocentrals  2:3,  and  2  numerals,  very 
strong.  Apical  bristles  of  scutellum  small  and  cruciate;  lateral  ones 
strong.  Abdomen  cylindrical  with  lateral  marginal  bristles  strong; 
lobes  of  fifth  ventral  acute  apically,  short  pilose.  Hypopygium  large. 
Femora  stout;  all  tibial  bristles  well  developed;  hind  tibiae  with  3-4 
post,  extensors.  Penult,  section  of  vein  4  about  .6  as  long  as  ult. ; 
veins  3-4  curving  and  parallel.  Length — 6  mm. 

Type. —  $  ;  Mesa  Grande,  Sonoma  County,  California,  June, 
1908  (P.  C.  Baumberger),  [A.  N.  S.  No.  61/9]. 

Parallelomma   nudicornis    new   species. 

$.  Black;  head  except  occiput  above,  ocellar  spot,  frontal  orbits, 
pleura  except  an  elongate  spot  beneath  wings,  and  legs,  yellow.  Shin- 
ing except  frontalia  and  face.  Wings  hyaline. 

Slender  species  with  nearly  spherical  head.  Frons  .3  width  of  head; 
orbits  parallel.  Third  antennal  joint  1.5  as  long  as  second,  with  round- 
ed apex;  arista  micro-pubescent.  All  bristles  weak;  only  one  d.  c. 
near  posterior  margin,  and  one  weak  humeral.  Scutellum  with  minute 
approximate  apical,  and  strong  lateral,  bristles.  Second  abdominal 
segment  with  long  lateral  marginal  bristles;  segments  3-5  with  long 
bristles  only  at  lateral  apical  margins.  Fifth  ventral  lobes  very  small. 
Bristles  of  legs  very  weak;  no  post,  extensors  on  hind  tibiae.  Anterior 
c.  v.  at  middle  of  discal.  Long  3.5  mm. 

Type. —  $  ;  Berkeley  Hills,  Alameda  County,  California, 
March  22,  1908  (E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.),  [A.  N.  S.  No.  6181]. 

I  hardly  think  this  can  be  incrmis  Lw.,  which  was  described 
from  New  Hampshire,  although  I  have  seen  a  specimen  of 
nndicornis  from  British  Columbia. 

Parallelomma  dimidiata  new-  species. 

$.  Pale  yellow;  ocellar  spot,  occiput  above,  mesonotum  including 
upper  half  of  humeri  and  of  notopleura,  scutellum.  metanotum  and 
abdomen  except  hypopygium,  shining  black.  Metanotum  and  pleura 
with  more  or  less  hoary  reflections.  Bristles  black;  most  pile  pale,  but 


1^6  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

on  all  tibiae  and  tarsi  dark  and  short  although  longer  and  more  erect 
on  middle  tibiae  beneath.  Dorsocentrals  except  posterior  one,  and 
humeral  bristles,  weak  and  pale.  Wings  brownish  but  more  intense 
along  costa  and  veins. 

Slender  species,  with  nearly  spherical  head.  Frons  .25  width  of  head; 
orbits  converging.  Scutellum  with  well  developed  lateral  and  minute 
cruciate  apical,  bristles.  Lobes  of  fifth  ventral  large,  broad  with  nar- 
rowly rounded  apices.  Penult,  section  of  fourth  vein  1.25  as  long  as 
post.  c.  v.  and  .3  as  long  as  ult.  section.  Length — 7  mm. 

Type. —  $  ;  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  June  19,  1912  [Cor- 
nell University  Collection].  Paratypc. — I  $  ;  topotypical. 

Very  similar  to  my  determination  of  C.  plcuritica  Lw.,  but 
here  the  pleura  are  pale  without  hlack  area  beneath  the  wings, 
and  the  humeri  are  yellow  on  the  lower  half.  The  middle 
tibiae  with  moderately  long  bristles  and  erect  black  flexor  pile. 
This  may  be  C.  innnda  Lw.  and  is  probably  closely  allied  to 
the  European  albipcs  Fall. 

Parallelomma  vicina   new   species. 

$.  Similar  to  diinindiata  but  the  mesonotum  with  a  broad,  median 
pale  stripe  which  does  not  attain  the  base  of  the  scutellum.  Pleura  with 
a  dark  area  beneath  wings  which  includes  the  metanotum.  Apices  of 
hind  femora  dark;  pile  on  tibiae  pale,  very  long  and  erect  on  flexor  of 
middle  tibiae.  Hypopygium  dark.  Wings  infuscated  at  tips,  especially 
noticeable  along  veins  2,  3,  4.  Cross  veins  narrowly  clouded.  Scutellum 
without  any  trace  of  apical  bristles.  Lobes  of  fifth  ventral  broad  and 
broadly  rounded  at  apices.  Length — 6  mm. 

9.  Similar  but  with  no  characteristic  pile  on  tibiae:  bristles  of  fore 
legs  strong;  hind  tibiae  with  2  post,  extensors. 

Type. —  $  ;  Swarthmore,  Pennsylvania,  April  29,  1906  (E. 
T.  Cresson,  Jr.),  [A.  N.  S.  P.  No.  6180].  Paratypcs.—2  $, 
4  9  ;  topotypical,  April  29  to  May  28. 

Very  similar  to  my  determination  of  gracllipcs  Lw.,  but 
that  species  has  no  dark  pleural  spot  and  the  pale  mesonotal 
stripe  continues  onto  the  scutellum ;  the  lobes  of  the  fifth 
ventral  are  very  broadly  truncate  with  emarginated  apices. 

\ 
Scathophaga  nigrolanata  new   species. 

$.  Black;  frontalia,  face,  cheeks,  palpi,  halteres,  legs  except  fore 
femora  laterally,  base  of  wings,  apex  of  abdomen  and  of  segments, 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  137 

pale  brown  to  yellow;  second  antennal  joint  brown.  Wings  hyaline; 
ant.  c.  v.  dark  but  not  clouded.  Head,  thorax  and  abdomen  more  or 
less  opaque,  brownish  gray,  becoming  lighter  below.  Legs  more  shin- 
ing. All  pile  and  bristles  black.  Pile  of  thorax,  abdomen,  and  legs, 
very  long  and  wooly.  Mesonotum  indistinctly  vittate.  Arista  bare. 
Six  frontal  bristles;  5  or  more  fronto-orbitals  in  a  series  diminishing 
to  near  line  of  base  of  antennae.  Palpi  as  long  as  proboscis,  somewhat 
clavate.  Cheeks  .6  height  of  eyes,  with  no  distinct  bristle.  Acrostichals 
not  differentiated  from  the  pile;  d.  c.  2:3  with  the  anterior  one  scarcely 
discernible;  humeral  bristle  indistinct.  Scutellum  convex,  triangular, 
acute,  with  4  bristles.  Femora  without  distinct  bristles ;  fore  tibiae  with 
a  hair-like  apical  extensor ;  middle  tibiae  with  2-3  ant.  ext,  3  post,  ext., 
2  post.  fl. ;  hind  tibiae  with  2  ant.  ext.,  1-2  post,  ext.,  and  a  long  hair- 
like  preapical  extensor.  Veins  3  and  4  parallel.  Length — 7-10  mm. 

T\pe. —  $  ;  West  Coast  of  Greenland,  1891  (Mengel  and 
Hughes,  on  the  Peary  Expedition),  [A.  N.  S.  No.  6182]. 
Paratypes. — 3  $  ;  topotypical. 

This  form  differs  from  the  other  allied  arctic  species  in  be- 
ing larger,  darker  in  color  of  the  pollinose  dusting  and  pile ; 
the  latter  is  noticeably  long  and  wooly,  much  longer  than  in 
st  ere  or  aria. 

Scathophaga  nigrolimbata  new  species. 

$  .  Yellow  with  incisures  of  abdomen  black.  Head  opaque ;  thorax 
and  abdomen  more  or  less  shining.  All  bristles  and  setulae,  pile  of  ab- 
dominal dorsum,  and  apical  half  of  hind  femora,  black;  that  of  occiput, 
pleura,  venter,  fore  and  middle  femora,  pale.  Wings  yellowish  with  pale 
veins  and  no  clouds  over  c.  vs. 

Frons  with  6  frontals  and  3  orbitals.  Arista  plumose.  Cheeks  .25 
height  of  eyes.  Acrostichals  seriated  posteriorly;  d.  c.  2:3;  other 
bristles  normal.  Scutellum  semi-circular,  with  4  bristles.  Femoral 
bristles  indistinct.  Fore  tibiae  with  2  ext.,  i  post.,  all  hair-like  ;  middle 
tibiae  with  i  ant.  ext.,  I  post,  ext.,  all  weak;  hind  tibiae  with  3-4  ant. 
ext.,  i  apical  ext.,  2  post.  ext.  Wings  with  veins  3,  4  parallel. 
Length — 6  mm. 

9.  Similar  with  bristles  stronger.  Abdomen  darker,  due  probably 
to  decomposition. 

Type. —  $  ;  Beaverkill,  Sullivan  County,  New  York,  August 
12,  '1909  (E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.),  [A.  N.  S.  No.  6183].  Allo- 
type. —  9  ;  topotypical. 

This  may  be  pallida  Walker,  but  there  is  no  curving  of  the 
post.  c.  v.  as  described  by  Walker. 


138  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'iS 

A    Second    Mycetophila    with    Dung-bearing    Larva 
(Diptera ;  Mycetophilidae). 

By  FREDERICK  KNAB  and  R.  H.  VAN  ZWALUWENBUUG, 
Bureau  of  Entomology. 

(  Plate   VIII) 

From  the  majority  of  published  statements  one  gains  the 
impression  that  the  larvae  of  the  numerous  species  of  the 
genus  Mycetophila  are  very  much  alike  in  appearance  and 
habits.  They  are  described  as  elongate  white  fleshy  larvae 
with  a  darker  chitinous  head.  They  are  stated  to  occur  more 
or  less  gregariously  in  fungi,  either  burrowing  in  their  interior 
or  living  between  the  lamellae.  Larvae  of  this  genus  living 
singly  and  exposed,  upon  the  foliage  of  higher  plants,  appear 
to  have  been  recorded  but  once.*  We  are  able  to  make  known 
a  second  species  of  such  habits,  discovered  in  Porto  Rico  by 
the  junior  author.  \Ye  initiate  the  subject  with  a  brief  synop- 
sis of  the  principal  biological  data  brought  out  by  Doctor 
Holmgren  in  the  paper  just  mentioned. 

These  highly  remarkable  larva?  were  discovered  bv  the 
third  Nordenskioeld  expedition  in  the  rain-forest  region  of 
Peru  and  Bolivia.  The  larvae  occurred  singly  upon  the  leaves 
of  bamboo  (Chusquea  spp. )  and  carried  upon  their  backs  a 
black  shell ;  they  so  closely  simulated  in  appearance  a  small 
gastropod,  such  as  Ancylus,  that  at  first  they  were  mistaken 
for  such.  The  larva  is  short  and  stout  and  the  protecting  shell 
carried  upon  'its  dorsum  is  constructed  of  its  own  excrement 
and  shows  a  series  of  rings  or  creases  indicating  the  success- 
ively added  layers  of  material  (Plate  YIII,  fig.  4).  That  the 
shell  has  a  protective  function  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  when 
the  larva  is  touched  at  one  side  it  draws  the  shell  in  that  direc- 
tion. The  larvae  occurred  but  sparingly  and  crept  about  slow- 
ly on  the  bamboo  leaves  in  search  of  food.  Forward  movement 
was  accomplished  by  successive  muscular  contractions  along 
the  ventral  surface  in  the  manner  of  a  gastropod ;  but  the 

*  Holmgren,  Nils,  Monographische  Bearbeitung  einer  schalentrag- 
enden  Mycetophilidenlarve  (Mycetophila  ancylifonnans  n.  sp.V  Zeit- 
schr.  f.  wissensch,  Zool.,  vol.  88  pp.  1-77,  pis.  1-5  (1907). 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  139 

larva  can  only  progress  upon  a  moist  surface  and  this  is  pro- 
vided by  the  secretion  from  the  enormously  developed  sali- 
vary glands.  A  shining  silky  trail  remains  after  the  larva  has 
moved  on  and  the  secretion  dried.  The  larva  feeds  upon 
fungi  occurring  upon  the  surface  of  the  bamboo  leaves,  mow- 
ing these  off  with  its  peculiar  serrate  mandibles  (Plate  VIII, 
fig.  5).  Holmgren  had  great  difficulty  in  rearing  the  larvae, 
partly  from  inability  to  maintain  suitable  conditions,  but  es- 
pecially from  the  frequent  infestation  of  the  larvae  with  small 
parasitic  dipterous  larvae.  Finally  Holmgren  succeeded  in 
rearing  a  single  imago  and  this  proved  to  belong  to  the  genus 
Mycetophila  and  was  described  as  a  new  species  under  the 
name  M.  ancyliformans.  The  lajva  when  about  to  pupate 
threw  off  its  shell  and  constructed  a  cocoon  of  salivary  threads, 
consisting  of  an  outer  layer  of  large  meshes  and  an  inner 
closely  woven  one  which  rather  closely  covered  the  pupa 
within. 

The  larva?  found  by  the  junior  author  in  Porto  Rico  were 
very  similar  to  those  discovered  by  Holmgren ;  they  were 
dirty  white  and,  like  them,  carried  a  black  shell  formed  of 
their  own  excrement.  The  larvae  were  first  found  in  October, 
1916,  near  the  town  of  Aibonito,  on  the  edge  of  the  woods 
and  at  an  altitude  of  about  2000  feet.  They  occurred  upon 
the  leaves  of  Guama  (Inga  laurina)  and  extensive  search 
yielded  only  five  of  them,  the  largest  one  about  four  milli- 
meters in  length.  A  further  careful  search  in  the  same  local- 
ity recently  (June,  1917)  was  unsuccessful.  Very  recently 
(July,  1917)  larvae  of  the  same  kind  were  found  in  consider- 
able numbers  on  the  under  surfaces  of  leaves  of  "poma  rosa" 
(Eugenia  jambosa  L.)  in  a  narrow  valley  near  Mayaguez. 
A  single  male  was  reared  from  the  larvae  found  at  Aibonito, 
and  another  male  from  the  larvae  found  near  Mayaguez ; 
through  these  two  specimens  the  specific  unity  of  all  the  larvae 
is  established. 

The  dung-covering  of  the  larva  consists  of  a  dull  blackish, 
rather  rough  mass  of  homogeneous  material.  Its  shape  differs 
more  or  less  in  our  specimens  from  that  described  and  figured 


I4O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

by  Holmgren  for  his  species.  The  resemblance  to  a  snail-shell 
is  usually  less  complete,  although  the  mass  is  obliquely  conical, 
the  apex  close  to  one  end,  and  concentric  creases  are  present. 
Some  of  our  specimens  are  much  more  flattened  and  rise  but 
gradually  toward  the  apex,  while  the  creases  are  less  numer- 
ous. Others  of  our  specimens  (compare,  Plate  VIII,  our  figs. 
2  and  3  with  fig.  4  from  Holmgren)  do  not  slope  regularly 
from  the  apex  to  the  sides;  instead  there  is  a  central  strong- 
ly conical  portion,  separated  by  a  deep  crease  from  an  outer 
flattened  portion.  In  short,  while  the  principle  of  construc- 
tion is  the  same,  there  is  considerable  variation  culminating 
in  specimens  closely  approaching  Holmgren's  in  shape 

The  larva  before  pupation  spun  a  loose-meshed  cocoon  be- 
neath the  black  dung-cap,  which  ultimately  rested  on  top  of 
the  cocoon.  As  in  the  species  described  by  Holmgren,  the 
cocoon  consists  of  wide,  irregular  meshes  of  white  glistening 
threads  secreted  from  the  salivary  glands.  There  is  an  outer 
network  of  a  few  very  coarse  threads  and  these  are  connected 
and  here  and  there  drawn  toward  each  other  by  finer  threads. 
Inside  of  this  outer  very  open  meshwork  is  a  cocoon  of  small- 
er meshes  and  finer  threads,  a  considerable  space  intervening 
between  the  two,  but  occasional  threads  connecting  them.  The 
meshes  of  this  inner  cocoon  are  still  very  open  and  allow  the 
pupa  within  to  be  plainly  seen.  This  inner  cocoon  again  con- 
sists of  coarser  and  finer  threads,  the  former  approximately 
corresponding  to  the  finer  threads  of  the  outer  cocoon.  The 
coarser  threads  for  the  most  part  run  around  the  cocoon  trans- 
versely at  rather  regular  intervals,  while  the  finer  threads  run 
mostly  lengthwise  and  bind  together  the  transverse  threads. 
The  entire  structure  is  fastened  to  the  leaf-surface.  On  top 
of  the  cocoon,  as  already  mentioned,  usually  rests  the  shell  or 
dung-cover  of  the  larva  (Plate  VIII,  figs.  2,  3)  ;  in  other 
cocoons  the  dung-cover  has  been  cast  off.  The  pupal  period 
lasts  four  days.  The  description  of  the  imago  follows. 

Mycetophila  merdigera,  n.  sp.    (PI.  VIII,  fig.  1). 

$  .     Pale  ocher-yellow,  the  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  with  the  apices 
of  the  segments  extensively  marked  with  hrown. 


Vol.  xxixj  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  14! 

Head  prominent,  yellow,  the  frons  evenly  convex,  nearly  as  long  as 
broad,  clothed  rather  densely  with  short,  coarse,  pale  shining  hairs ; 
ocelli  two,  large  and  distinct,  close  to  ocular  margin.  Eyes  very 
shortly  hairy.  Antennae  slightly  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax 
together,  yellow  at  the  base,  shading  to  black  beyond  the  fifth  joint; 
fifth  joint  about  twice  as  long  as  wide. 

Mesonotum  moderately  convex,  not  prominent  anteriorly,  ocher- 
yellow,  opaque,  slightly  pollinose,  clothed  with  shining  rather  short 
hairs.  Scutellum  concolorous,  with  four  long  marginal  bristles,  the  mid- 
dle pair  slightly  longer  than  the  outer  ones.  Postnotum  brownish. 
Pleurae  pale  blotched  with  brown. 

Abdomen  dorsally  dull  ocher  yellow  and  clothed  with  coarse  and 
rather  sparse  black  hairs,  the  segments  distally  marked  with  blackish, 
on  the  second  segment  all  but  a  median  triangle  the  apex  of  which 
reaches  its  posterior  margin ;  on  the  succeeding  segments  the  dark 
color  is  less  extensive,  becoming  indefinite  on  the  distal  ones.  Venter 
wholly  yellow. 

Coxae  very  pale,  all  three  pairs  with  a  few  coarse  dark  bristles  dis- 
tally. Femora  pale  yellow,  the  hind  pair  brown  at  extreme  apex  and 
with  a  few  long  bristles.  Tibiae  pale  at  base,  tinged  with  green  and 
becoming  darker  toward  apices  ;  middle  and  hind  pairs  with  three  rows 
of  long  black  bristles  on  extensor  surfaces;  middle  pair  with  three 
bristles  on  flexor  surface,  the  proximal  one  of  which  is  much  shorter 
than  the  others;  front  tibiae  shorter  than  first  tarsal  joint  (20:24), 
the  spur  slightly  shorter  than  the  tibia ;  hind  tibiae  apically  with  a 
comb  of  yellow  bristles  on  inner  side,  the  longest  spur  nearly  equal 
to  first  tarsal  joint.  Tarsi  green,  the  crowded  black  setulae  causing 
them  to  appear  blackish  toward  apices;  hind  tarsi  with  the  first  joint 
distinctly  shorter  than  the  succeeding  ones  together  (24:31). 

Wing  uniformly  tinged  with  greyish  yellow,  unspotted;  veins  strong, 
brownish  yellow  ;  petiole  of  medial  fork  very  short,  not  quite  equal  to 
the  R-M  cross-vein;  base  of  cubital  fork  about  as  near  wing-base  as 
the  latter.  Halteres  pale. 

Length :   Body  about  3  mm.,  wing  2.5  mm. 

Porto  Rico:  Aibonito,  26  October,  1916,  one  male  reared 
from  larva  found  on  Inga  laurina  (R.  H.  Van  Zwaluwen- 
burg)  ;  Mayaguez,  9  July,  1917,  one  male  reared  from  larva 
from  Eugenia  jambosa  L.  (Van  Zwaluwenburg) . 

Type:   Cat.    No.    21535,   United   States    National    Museum. 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  Mycetophila  ancyliformans 
Holmgren,  and  also  to  M.  insipiens  Williston  (Trans.  Ent. 
Soc.  London,  1896,  p.  264)  from  the  island  of  St.  Vincent. 


142  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'iS 

The  latter  will  probably  prove  to  have  similar  larval  habits. 
Mycctophila  merdigcra,  according  to  the  table  of  Johannsen 
(Fungus  gnats  of  No.  Amer.,  Part  IV,  1912,  p.  84)  falls  to- 
gether with  M.  e.rstincta  Loew  from  the  eastern  United  States  ; 
perhaps  this  last  suedes  also  will  prove  to  have  a  similar  life- 
history  and  our  collectors  should  watch  for  these  very  re- 
markable larvae. 

In  conclusion  attention  must  be  called  to  the  existence  of 
dung-bearing  larvae  in  the  closely  related  genus  Epicypta. 
Such  larvae  were  recorded  by  Bremi*  and  by  Ferris**  as  early 
as  1846  and  1847.  The  latter  gives  a  detailed  and  very  inter- 
esting account  of  the  early  stages  of  Epicypta  scatophora  (Per- 
ris)  ;  Osten  Sacken  is  of  the  opinion  that  Bremi  had  the  same 
species  under  observation.  These  larvse  feed  upon  fungi  occur- 
ring upon  dead  wood  and  cover  themselves  much  more  com- 
pletely with  their  own  dung.  They  finally  pupate  within  an  urn- 
shaped  cocoon  of  the  same  material. 

EXPLANATION   OF    PLATE   VIII. 
Mycetophila  merdigcra  Knab  and  Van  Zvval.,  n.  sp. 

(Photographs   by  J.  H.   Paine.) 
i.  Adult  male.    2.  Cocoon,  top  view.    3.  Cocoon,  side  view. 

Mycctophila   ancyliformans   Holmgr. 

(After  Holmgren.) 
4.  Larva,  lateral  view.    5.  Mandible  of  larva.    6.  Maxilla  of  larva. 


Beetle,   Hippomelas   sphenicus,   Prey   of   Wasp    (Col.). 

While  collecting  on  the  desert  near  Barstow  about  May  15,  1917,  a 
large  black-bodied,  yellow-winged  wasp  was  taken  in  my  net.  The 
wasp  was  found  to  be  carrying  a  small  specimen  of  Hippomelas  spli'~»i- 
cus  LeConte.  This  was  remarkable,  for  H.  splicnict{s  has  never  been 
reported  from  California.  The  wasp  may  have  carried  it  from  Arizona, 
a  distance  of  about  140  miles,  although  that  point  is  debatable.  The 
size  of  the  beetle  very  closely  approximated  that  of  the  wasp,  which 
was  a  very  large  specimen.  It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  wasps  collect 
and  store  their  nests  with  various  Coleoptera ;  specimens  of  Hippn- 
niclas  calif  onticits  Horn  in  my  collection,  taken  by  Dr.  F.  E.  Blaisdell 
in  1885,  were  found  in  a  wasps'  nest  at  Poway,  San  Diego  County. — 
RICHARD  T.  GARNETT,  Oakland,  California. 

*Isis  von  Oken,  vol.  39,  1846,  p.  169. 

**Notes  pour  servir  a  1'histoire  des  metamorphoses  de  diverses 
especes  de  Dipteres.  I.  Notice  sur  une  larve  de  Mycetophila  qui  se 
couvre  de  ses  excrements.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  2  Ser.,  vol.  7, 
pp.  51-61,  pi.  3,  no.  I,  figs.  1-13  (1847). 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  VIII. 


1-3,    MYCETOPHILA   MERDIGERA  N.   SP.; 
4-6,  M.  ANCYLIFORMANS  HOLMG.— KNAB  AND  VAN  ZWALUWENBURG. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  143 

Data  Concerning  Flies  that  Frequent  Privy  Vaults 

in  Montana  (Dip.). 
By  R.  R.  PARKER,  Bozeman,  Montana.1 

As  a  part  of  the  fly  investigations  conducted  by  the  Mon- 
tana State  Board  of  Entomology  at  Laurel,  Montana,  during 
the  season  of  1914,  experiments  were  carried  on  to  obtain 
data  concerning  the  species  of  flies  frequenting  privy  vaults. 
Local  conditions  were  discussed  in  the  First  Biennial  Report 
of  the  Board,  pages  36  to  50. 

The  most  detailed  results  were  obtained  from  a  trap  con- 
structed to  cover  the  entire  back  of  a  privy,  the  vault  of  which 
was  open  in  the  rear.  The  excavation  was  about  three  feet 
deep.  The  seats  were  uncovered  and  the  door  always  open. 
After  the  trap  was  in  place  the  flies  had  ingress  by  means  of  the 
doorway  and  the  open  seats  and  could  escape  either  by  the 
reverse  course  or  by  the  trap  opening  in  the  rear  of  the  vault. 
In  the  latter  ca?e  they  were  captured.  The  results ;  therefore, 
showed  the  species  present  and  their  comparative  abundance, 
but  not  the  total  number  of  flies  entering  the  vault. 

The  flies  for  examination  were  captured  in  small  Hodge 
traps  placed  above  holes  bored  through  the  board  forming  the 
top  of  the  large  trap.  These  traps  were  collected  and  new  ones 
substituted  each  day  except  Sunday,  the  catches  for  Saturday 
and  Sunday  being  counted  as  one.  The  experiment  was  con- 
tinued for  32  days,  from  July  20  to  August  21.  An  accurate 
record  was  kept  of  the  number  of  males  and  females  of  each 
species.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  experiment  a  large  number 
of  dead  flies  were  removed  from  the  large  trap,  but  owing  to 
their  poor  condition  it  was  impossible  to  separate  the  males 
and  females  and  in  the  genera  Calliphora,  Lucilia,  Fannia  and 
Sarcophaga  specific  determinations  were  not  attempted.  The 
results  are  shown  in  the  accompanying  table. 

The  total  catch  was  c;6/6  flies, — 8330  from  the  Hod^e  tra<>s 
and  1346  from  the  large  trap.  The  number  of  species  in- 
cluded was  26, —  Muscidae,  13;  Anthomyidae,  4;  Sarcophagi- 
dae,  3 ;  Syrphidae,  2 ;  Tachinidae,  i  ;  Culicidae.  2 ;  and  Orta- 
lidae,  i.  The  reader  should  consult  the  table  for  the  species 
totals  and  species  percentages  of  the  total  catch. 

The  data  show  one  fact  that  is  common  to  all  the  species, 
namely,  that  the  females  greatly  predominate.  This  is  espe- 
cially apparent  in  Lucilia  sericatc  (Meigen)  and  L.  caesar 
(Linnaeus'),  the  former  showing  a  ratio  of  I  male  to  678  fe- 

1Contribution  from  the  Laboratory  of  the  Montana  State  Board  of 
Entomology,  State  College,  Bozeman,  Mont. 


144 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[April,  JiS 


males,  and  the  latter  only  females.  It  is  interesting  to  note 
this  high  percentage  of  females  even  in  species  that  do  not 
breed  in  excrement.  Musca  domcstica  females  were  about 
three  times  as  numerous  as  males,  564  to  197.  The  same  re- 
lationship was  found  to  hold  good  when  flies  were  trapped 
out-of-doors  with  human  excrement  for  bait,  females  being 
in  that  instance  about  four  times  as  numerous  as  males.  1 
have  no  data  to  show  the  comparative  abundance  of  the  two 
sexes  in  houses,  but  it  is  apparent  that  as  a  seeker  of  filth  the 
female  house  fly  is  potentially  more  dangerous  to  the  human 
species  than  the  male.  For  this  reason  any  bait  that  will  at- 
tract more  females  than  males  should  be  considered  more  ef- 
ficient than  one  which  will  attract  an  equal  number  of  both 
sexes.  Several  baits  were  tried  with  this  in  view  and  a  com- 
bination of  beer  and  oatmeal  was  found  the  most  effective. 


TABLE  GIVING  DATA  CONCERNING  FLIES  CAPTURED  IN  PRIVY  TRAP  EXPERIMENT 
AT  LAUREL,  MONTANA,  JULY  20  TO  AUGUST  21,  1914. 


HODGE  TRAPS 

TRAP 
CLBAN- 

INGS 

SPECIES 
TOTAL 

SPECIKS 
PER 
CENT 
OF  TOTAL 
CATCH 

Males 

Females 

Total 

Aftiscfl  dotnesticci  

'97 
274 
o 
i 
o 

0 

17 

o 

19 

o 
1609 
59 

2 
O 
I 
I 
O 
O 
O 

564 
1078 
i 
678 
1  20 
i 
46 

2 
107 
I 
2949 
319 

8 
i 
5 
32 
4 
5 
82 

761 
1352 
i 
679 
1  20 
i 
63 

2 
126 
I 

4558 

378 
IO 

I 
6 
33 
4 
5 
82 

'37 
9 

I 

i'3 

222 

O 

>  345 
i 

874 

1574 
i 

"45 
64 

2 

:56 
I 
5067 

378 
JO 
I 

47 

4 
39 
166 

'37 
9 

i 

9-03 
16.27 

.01 

11.83 
.66 

.02 

1.61 

.01 
52.37 

3-9' 
.10 
.01 

•49 

.04 
.40 
1.72 
1.42 
.09 
.01 

Calliphora  erythrocephala   ~| 
C.  coloradensis  > 
C  latifrons  ) 

30 

0 

509 

o 
o 
o 

\  : 

o 

34 
84 

0 
0 

o 

p   sp          J 

Ophyrct  lencostotna      

Ravinia  peniculata  

Sarcopliaga  haemorrhoidalis.. 

Anacampla  Icitiusciila    ...   ... 

Eristalis  tenax  

TOTALS 



8330 

1346 

9676 

Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  145 

From  the  standpoint  of   numbers,  the  comparatively  small 
representation  of  Musca  domcstica  was  most  interesting-.     It 
constituted  but  9.03  per  cent,  of  the  total  catch.    Muscina  sta- 
bnlans  (Fallen)   was  unexpectedly  abundant   (16.27  Per  cent, 
of  the  total).    This  is  a  fact  of  some  importance  because  there 
are  seasons  of  the  year  when  this  fly  is  almost  the  only  one 
found  in  houses.     The  same  applies  to  Phorinia  tcrrae  novae 
Desvoidy,  which  is  one  of  the  first  flies  found  in  house-;  in  the 
spring,  preceding  the  species  just  mentioned.     The   observa- 
tions  concerning   these   two   species   were   made   under   rural 
conditions.     These  flies,  however,  together  with  Phormia  re- 
gina  (Meigen)   and  species  of  Calliphora,  which  appear  later 
in  the  season,  do  not  seem  to  frequent  food  to  any  great  ex- 
tent when  in-doors,  but  are  most  commonly  seen  on  the  win- 
dows.    The  species  of  Fannia,  of  which  F.  scalans  Fabricius 
was, predominant,  were  the  most  abundant  of  the  privy  flies, 
possibly  because  the  species  just  noted  is  such  a  prolific  breed- 
er in  latrines.     The  two  species   of   Sarcophagidae,   Ravin  in 
pcniculata  R.  Parker  and  Sarcophaga  haemorrhoidalis  Fallen, 
both  excreta  breeders,  were  present  in  less  number  than  5". 
coolcyi  R.  Parker,  which  breeds  in  carrion  and  decomposing 
animal  matter.     It  should  be  remembered  in  discussing  these 
figures  that  they  represent  the  fly  fauna  for  only  a  small  part 
of  the  fly  season.    At  an  earlier  or  a  later  period  the  compara- 
tive   abundance    might    be    entirely    different, — for    example, 
Musca  domcstica  would  be  practically  absent   in  the   spring, 
while  Muscina  stabulans  would  be  likely  to  be  more  numerous. 
Similarly  the  species  of  blow-flies  vary  greatly  in  comparative 
numbers  at  different  seasons. 

For  the  purposes  of  comparison  a  list  of  the  species  reared 
from  material  from  this  same  vault  during  the  period  of  the 
experiment  are  given:  Fannia  scalaris,  Ophyra  Icucostoma, 
Limosina  sp.,  Rhcgmoclcma  atrata,  and  Ncmopoda  cvlindrica. 
Other  species  reared  from  material  taken  from  deep  vaults 
were  Dcsinametopa  latipcs  and  Lcria  scrrata  (  Powderville. 
Montana,  1916).  There  is  a  considerable  difference  between 
species  breeding  in  deep  vaults  and  those  breeding  in  surface 
privies  and  in  excrement  dropped  in  the  open.  This  the  writrr 
plans  to  discuss  in  another  paper. 

Besides  the  Diptera,  as  noted  above,  a  number  of  Lepidop- 
tera,  Orthoptera  and  Coleoptera,  as  well  as  numerous  Ara- 
neida  and  Phalangida  were  found  in  the  Hodge  traps. 

It  is  interesting  to  compare  the  data  as  given  for  the  privy 
trap  experiment  with  the  comparative  percentages  of  some  <>i" 
the  same  species  when  trapped  out-of-doors  with  human  ex- 


146  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

crenient  as  a  bait: — Musca  domestica,  21.81;  Muscina  stabu- 
lans,  21.26;  Liicilia  sericata,  26.07;  L.  caesar,  3.31;  Phormia 
regina,  n.66;  P.  terraenovae,  .07;  Calliphora  spp.,  1.34;  Op- 
kyra  leucostoma,  .21  ;  undetermined  Anthomyidae,  5.25 ;  Sar- 
cophagidae,  8.75.  Under  these  conditions  Mnsca  domestica 
was  found  to  exceed  Muscina  stabulans  only  by  a  fraction  of 
one  per  cent.  Luc  ilia  sericata  was  the  most  abundant.  The 
two  experiments  were  conducted  at  the  same  time. 

The  writer  desires  to  acknowledge  his  indebtedness  to  Mr. 
J.  R.  Parker  of  the  Bozeman  Experiment  Station  for  the  de- 
termination of  the  two  species  of  Culicidae,  and  to  Dr.  W.  A. 
Hooker,  of  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Entomology,  for  the 
determination  of  Rhcgmoclcma  atrata. 


Two  New  North  American  Phoridae  (Diptera.) 

By  J.  R.  MALLOCH,  Urbana,  Illinois. 

The  two  species  described  in  the  present  paper  were  col- 
lected by  the  writer  in  1917  in  Illinois.  The  types  are  in  the 
collection  of  the  State  Natural  History  Survey  of  Illinois. 

Both  species  are  readily  distinguishable  from  their  congen- 
ers by  the  characters  mentioned  in  notes  at  the  end  of  their 
respective  descriptions. 

Apocephalus  pictus  sp.  n. 

$  . — Pale  yellow,  slightly  shining.  Frons  black,  subopaque ;  anten- 
nae, proboscis,  and  palpi  yellow ;  arista  brown ;  cephalic  bristles 
black.  Thorax  yellow  with  the  exception  of  a  dark  spot  just  below 
squamae.  Abdomen  yellow,  with  a  large  velvety  black  mark  on  each 
side  of  segments  3  to  5 ;  hypopygium  shining  black;  anal  process 
yellow.  Legs  pale  yellow  ;  mid  coxae  with  a  black  spot  on  posterior 
surface.  Wings  slightly  yellowish;  veins  brown.  Halteres  yellow, 
apices  of  knobs  black. 

Frons  with  8  bristles  proximad  of  ocelli,  the  upper  4  in  a  straight 
transverse  line,  the  lower  4  in  a  curved  line,  the  median  pair  much 
lower  than  the  outer  and  very  close  together ;  post-antennal  bristles 
absent;  frontal  suture  distinct;  antennae  very  large,  third  joint  pear- 
shaped  and  half  as  large  as  eye;  arista  apical;  palpi  smaller  than  third 
antennal  joint.  Mesonotum  with  one  pair  of  dorso-centrals ;  scutellum 
with  4  subequal  bristles ;  mesopleura  bare.  Second  abdominal  seg- 
ment twice  as  long  as  third,  with  several  setulose  hairs  on  each  side ; 
hypopygium  very  similar  to  that  of  pcrgandcl  Coquillett.  Legs  rather 
stout;  all  coxae  with  several  strong  black  bristles  on  anterior  sur- 
face; hind  femora  with  a  fringe  of  setulose  hairs  on  apical  portion  of 
antero-ventral  surface;  hind  tarsal  joints  1-4  dilated  at  apices  and 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  147 

each  armed  with  a  long  subapical  bristle  on  anterior  surface  ;  dorsal 
surface  of  hind  tarsi  with  sparse,  fine,  upright  hairs.  Costa  ending 
slightly  before  middle  of  wing,  its  divisions  •j:21/2:\\  fringe  very  short 
and  close  ;  fourth  vein  regularly  arcuate,  ending  as  far  before  apex  of 
wing  as  fifth  does  behind  it. 
Length,  2  mm. 

Type  locality,  Havana,  Illinois,  August  30.  Taken  in  a 
sand  "blowout." 

This  species  differs  in  the  chaetotaxy  of  frons,  color  of 
abdomen  and  halteres,  and  number  of  scutellar  bristles  from 
automata  Malloch,  which  it  most  closely  resembles.  The  only 
species  with  black  halteres  which  is  known  to  me  is  aridus 
Malloch,  which  is  I  mm.  in  length  and  has  the  third  an- 
tennal  joint  rounded. 

Aphiochaeta  quadripunctata  sp.  n. 

$. — Black.  Frons  rather  glossy,  pleurae  glossy,  abdomen,  with  ex- 
ception of  hypopygium,  opaque.  Antennae  dark  brown;  palpi  pale  yel- 
lowish ;  legs  stramineous,  mid  and  hind  coxae  and  femora  fuscous. 
Wings  clear,  veins  black,  2  large  oblong  black  spots  near  apex  of 
wing,  one  on  fourth  vein  and  the  other  on  fifth,  both  of  which 
extend  along  the  course  of  vein  to  margin  of  wing.  Halteres  black, 
knobs  stramineous. 

Frons  slightly  broader  than  high;  lower  transverse  series  of 
bristles  convex,  the  inner  one  on  each  side  slightly  lower  than  outer 
and  much  closer  to  the  latter  than  to  the  upper  post-antennals ;  4  strong 
post-antennals  present,  the  lower  pair  little  closer  than  the  upper ; 
antennae  of  moderate  size,  third  joint  rounded;  arista  very  slender, 
pubescent,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  height  of  frons;  palpi  larger  than 
antennae,  armed  with  a  few  strong  setulae.  Mesopleurae  with  a 
number  of  setulae  on  upper  posterior  third;  scutellum  with  2  strong 
bristles  and  2  weak  anterior  hairs.  Abdomen  subconical,  with  very 
short  setulae ;  hypopygium  small.  Legs  slender,  fore  tarsi  short  and 
distinctly  thickened;  hind  tibiae  with  weak  setulae  on  their  postero- 
dorsal  surfaces.  Costa  to  middle  of  wing,  first  section  slightly  longer 
than  2+3,  third  slightly  more  than  one-third  as  long  as  second; 
fringe  of  moderate  length;  fourth  vein  regularly  arcuate,  ending  as 
far  before  apex  of  wing  as  fifth  does  behind  it. 

Length,   1.5  mm. 

Type  locality,  Elizabeth,  Illinois,  July  8. 

No  described  species  of  this  genus  has  the  wings  spotted  as 
this  one.  In  1912  I  described  coiu/louicriila  which  has  a  black 
spot  at  apex  of  wing,  but  in  this  species  the  spot  consists  of 
numerous  microscopic  black  hairs  and  n«>t  of  a  dark  pigmen- 
tation of  the  membrane  as  in  quadripunctata. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  APRIL,  1918. 

As  to  Types. 

Perhaps  since  the  following  list  of  kinds  of  types  has  gone 
to  the  printer  it  has  been  increased  to  at  least  57  varieties : 
Type,  Holotype,  Allotype,  Cotype,  Paratype,  Syntype,  Mor- 
photype,  Lectotype,  Plesiotype,  Neotype,  Heautotype,  Plasto- 
type.  Monotype,  Chirotype,  Apotype,  Hypotype,  Autotype, 
Ideotype,  Androtype.  Gynetype,  Topotype,  Orthotype,  Haplo- 
type,  Logotype  and  Pseudotype. 

The  invention  of  new  names  for  kinds  of  types  has  followed 
the  discovery  that  the  word  type  in  the  past  had  no  very  exact 
meaning  and  now  the  pendulum,  has  swung  to  an  absurd  degree 
and  has  gotten  perilously  near  to  perpetual  motion.  The  sensi- 
ble thing  to  do  would  be  for  some  one  to  grasp  the  pendulum 
and  swing  it  back  to  the  word  type  and  give  the  word  its  exact 
present  meaning. 

The  International  Entomological  Congress  has  accepted  the 
principle  of  the  single  type.  The  Entomological  Society  of 
America  has  thus  far  not  accepted  the  single  type  idea. 

It  is  foolish  to  expect  anyone  of  ordinary  mind  to  remember 
the  meanings  of  such  an  aggregation  of  verbiage  as  the  above 
list  shows.  We  would  advocate  the  use  -of  very  few  of  these 
terms,  probably  three  are  quite  sufficient  for  ordinary  mortals- 
type,  paratype  and  lectotype.  Very  learned  individuals  may 
wish  to  go  the  whole  gamut  and  unfortunately  there  is  no  law 
to  prevent  people  from  being  foolish.  Lectotypes  should  be 
established  with  the  greatest  care. 

Our  remarks,  of  course,  do  not  apply  to  minute  insects  like 
the  Coccidae.  In  such  cases  a  single  slide  should  be  considered 
the  type.  The  establishment  of  a  single  type  is  absolutely 
essential  for  systematic  work,  as  the  fixing  of  a  name,  in  con- 
junction with  a  specimen  of  the  insect  it  represents,  is  necessary 
for  the  founding  of  a  sound  and  enduring  nomenclature.  Even 
the  persons  who  use  all  the  varieties  appear  to  be  a  bit 

as  to  what  they  all  mean.  H.  S. 

148 


Yol.xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  I  |< ) 

Notes    and.    Ne\vs. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL,   GLEANINGS   FROM    ALL   QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

Moths  Lively  after  a  Low  Temperature  (Lep.). 
Early  in  December,  on  the  day  after  8°  of  frost  had  been  registered, 
some  female  Winter  moths,  Chcimatobia  brumata,  were  found  on  an 
apple  tree  in  a  perfectly  lively  condition.  One  male  was  found  on 
the  same  day.  This  appears  to  indicate  that  the  pests  can  withstand 
a  considerable  severity  of  frost. — The  Gardener's  Chronicle,  London, 
Jan.  12,  1918,  p.  n. 

Interesting   Butterfly    Occurrences   at   Beeville,   Texas    (Lep.). 

During  the  past  few  years  I  have  received,  from  time  to  time,  some 
interesting  butterflies  from  Beeville,  Texas,  and  as  some  of  them  are 
exceedingly  rare  in  the  United  States,  I  feel  that  they  should  be 
recorded  for  the  benefit  of  other  lepidopterists. 

The  insects  were  collected  by  Miss  Pattie  Hutchinson,  who  kindly 
furnished  in  addition  to  most  of  the  insects  themselves  the  data  on 
which  this  article  is  based. 

Cydhiiou  pocyi  Gundlach — One  specimen  of  this  tropical  swallow- 
tail was  captured  by  Miss  Hutchinson  at  Beeville,  June  17,  1916.  It 
agrees  with  figs.  6  &  7,  PI.  CXXI,  in  "Reise  der  Oesterreichischen 
Fregatte  Novara  um  die  Erde."  (Trip  of  the  Austrian  Frigate 
Novara  around  the  World.)  It  is  apparently  a  Central  American 
species,  as  Dr.  Wolcott  of  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  has  in  his  collection  a 
specimen  taken  at  Pozo  Azul,  Costa  Rica,  by  M.  A.  Carriker,  June. 
1902. 

Picris  amaryllis  var.  josepha  G.  &  S. — 2  $  &  i  9  taken  Sept.  18, 
1916.  Miss  Hutchinson  reports  that  she  observed  a  good  many  more 
during  a  period  of  about  a  month,  saying  they  were  found  on  wild 
run  flowers.  Nearly  all  were  more  or  less  worn. 

Catopsilia  [>hilca  Linn. — Miss  Hutchinson  reports  the  capture  of 
onp  specimen  at  Beeville  by  Mary  Miller,  a  school  girl  of  that  place. 

Catopsil'a  anarithc  var.  maxima  Neum. — A  nice  series,  both  sexes, 
collected  during  Aug.  &  Sept.,  1916. 

Goncptcrw  clnrinde  Godt. — One  specimen  taken  by  Miss  Hutchinson 
Sept.  6,  1916,  and  another  by  Miss  Mary  Miller,  about  the  same 
date. 

Kricogonia  Ivsidc  Godt. — A  nice  series  received.  Collected  during 
May,  1916.  .  The  males  are  mostly  form  tcrissa.  while  among  the 
females  is  one  form  uiiicolor  and  one  form  fantasia. 

Mclitaca  thcona  var.  bolli  Edw. — 2  $  &  2  9  received.  These  were 
reared  from  larvae  found  on  a  native  shrub  called  "Ceniza  blanca" 
(Snanish  for  white  ashes)  emerging  Oct.  7  &  14. 

F.udaitnts  dorantes  var.  rantcrbcrt/i  Skin. — I  $  &  i  9  received. 
Collected  Oct.  16,  1916.  A  number  of  others  collected  during  October 
and  a  few  in  the  spring. 

Eudamus  albofasciatus  Hew. — 5  specimens  collected  during  Sept., 
1916. 

Murgar'w  albociliata  Mai). — 3  $  &  I  9  received.  Collected  during 
March  &  September,  1916. 

Celotcs  ncssHS  Edw. — i  specimen  collected  Sept.  30. 

Systasrn  pulrendaitn  Feld. — T  specimen  collected  Sept.  30,  1916. — 
R.  A.  LEUSSLKR,  Omaha,  Nebraska. 


ISO  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

Genitalia  of  Rhynchophora — Material  Wanted   (Col.)- 

When  Mr.  Fred  Muir  was  in  New  York  there  was  naturally  much 
conversation  about  the  joint  paper  of  Sharp  &  Muir,1  on  the  genitalia 
of  beetles  and  I  was  glad  to  learn  that  Dr.  Sharp  was  continuing  the 
study,  especially  in  the  Rhynchophora,  and  that  I  could  be  of  some 
service  by  sending  him  a  few  American  forms  that  he  needed  for 
study.  This  has  been  done  and  I  have  now  a  letter  reading  in  part 
as  follows  :  "Ithyccrus  is  extremely  interesting.  It  has  most  com- 
plicated and  remarkable  genitalia,  which  prove  beyond  a  doubt  that  it 
must  be  associated  with  the  Belidse;  a  family  that  is  at  present  not 
recognized  as  represented  in  North  America,  though  it  is  known  to 
occur  in  the  Andean  region  of  South  America.  I  have  not  yet  been 
able  to  procure  any  of  the  South  American  forms,  but  shall  try  to  do 
so  and  let  you  know  about  them.  Meanwhile  I  will  be  much  obliged  if 
you  will  publish  my  statement  and  say  that  I  shall  be  very  much  obliged 
if  I  can  get  some  additional  material  of  Ithyccrus  to  complete  the  in- 
vestigation which  is  very  difficult  in  certain  respects.  Specimens  killed 
in  ether,  and  afterwards  transferred  to  distilled  water,  would  probably 
help,  even  more  than  dried  specimens.  Spirit  specimens  are  good,  but 
not  so  good  as  other  ones,  as  the  spirit  causes  the  delicate  muscles  to 
stiffen." 

In  addition  to  Ithyccrus.  specimens  of  the  genera  Dirotognathus, 
Acamptus,  Calandrinus,  Honnops  and  Yuccaborus  are  needed  and  may 
be  sent  to  me  or  direct  to  Dr.  David  Sharp,  Lawnside,  Brockenhurst. 
Hants,  England,  by  anyone  who  h?<=  them  to  spare  and  wishes  to  as- 
sist in  the  investigation. — CHARLES  W.  LENG,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. 


Some  Species  of  Copaeodes  (Lep.). 

The  first  species  described  was  aurantiaca  Hew.  No  localitv  was 
given  and  the  description  is  remarkable  for  brevity.  It  is  as  follows: 
"Upperside  oransre-yellow  with  the  base  of  both  wings  brown.  Under- 
side as  above.  Exp.  7-10  inch."  Dr.  J.  H.  McDunnough  says  he  has 
seen  the  type  in  the  British  Museum  and  that  the  name  is  correct  for 
the  species  generally  known  as  procris  Edw. 

Waco  Edw.  was  described  in  1868  from  one  male,  from  Dr.  Lin- 
cecum.  Dr.  Lincecum  at  that  time  lived  at  Long  Point,  Texas.  This 
place  is  in  Washington  county,  southeast  of  \Vaco.  Perhaps  the  name 
indicates  that  the  types  were  taken  at  Waco. 

Minima  Edw.  WPS  de=cribed  in  1870  and  the  male  type  was  from 
Waco,  Texas,  (G.  W.  Belfrage). 

Procris  Edw.  was  described  in  1871  and  the  type  locality  was  given 
as  near  Waco,  Texas,  (G.  W.  Belfrage). 

In  1890  Wright  described  Candida  and  gave  as  the  type  locality 
"canons  in  the  foothills  of  southwestern  California."  This  is  a  pure 
synonym  of  aurantiaca. 

Barnes  and  McDunnough  in  their  Contributions,  ion.  ITT,  ion. 
described  rayata  as  a  new  snecies  and  figured  both  sexes.  Thev  say  the 
white  dash  on  the  under  side  of  the  secondaries  renders  their  species 
very  easily  recognized.  Tvpe  locality,  San  Benito,  Texas. 

The    relationship    of    all    these    names    is    interesting.      Godman    and 

1  The  comparative  anatomy  of  the  male  rrenital  tube  in  Coleoptera 
by  D.  Sharp,  M.A.,  F.R.S.  and  F.  Muir.  F.E  S.  (Trans.  F.nt.  Soc.  Lond., 
Dec.,  1912,  pp.  477-642,  plates  XLTI-LXXVIII). 


Vol.  xxixl  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  T^T 

Salvin  in  the  Biologia  figure  the  rayata  form  as  aitrantuicn  and  put 
all  the  other  names  into  the  synonymy  except  rayata.  which  had  not 
then  been  described.  I  have  only  seen  the  aurantiaca  form  from  Cali- 
fornia and  Arizona  and  both  forms  from  Texas.  Most  of  the  Texan 
specimens  we  have  show  the  white  ray  on  the  underside  of  the  secon- 
daries. It  is  probable  that  all  the  names  represent  one  species. 
Waco,  minima  and  procris  have  the  same  type  locality. 

Mr.  Edwards  in  his  description  of  procris,  female,  says :  "On  the 
under  side  of  secondaries  the  yellow  color  only  obtains  next  abdom- 
inal margin;  rest  of  wing  yellow  brown,  with  a  pale,  whitish,  streak 
running  from  base  to  middle  of  hind  margin."  Rayata  is  therefore 
a  synonym  of  procris,  unless  it  can  be  shown  that  the  sexes  of  procris 
were  different  species.  Even  so  we  would  then  have  to  reckon  with 
waco  and  minima. 

It  would  appear  that  the  species  is  aurantiaca  and  with  procris  as  a 
variety,  characterized  by  a  white  ray  on  the  underside  of  the  secon- 
daries.— HENRY  SKINNER. 


Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including-  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following-  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing-  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record, 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  F,n- 
tomology,  Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

4 — The  Canadian  Entomologist.  6 — Journal.  New  York  Ento- 
mological Society.  8 — The  Entomologist's  Monthly  Magazine, 
London.  9 — The  Entomologist,  London.  11 — Annals  and  Maga- 
zine of  Natural  History,  9th  series,  London.  21 — The  Entomolo- 
gist's Record,  London.  34 — Proceedings,  Iowa  Academy  of  Sci- 
ences, Des  Moines.  37 — Le  Naturaliste  Canadien,  Quebec.  51— 
Novitates  Zoologicae,  Tring,  England.  60 — Anales,  Museo  Na- 
cional  de  Buenos  Aires.  90 — Revue  Scientifique,  Paris.  115— 
Oversigt  Kongelige  Danske  Videnskabernes  Selskabs  Forhandlin- 
ger  Copenhagen.  172 — The  American  Museum  Journal.  New  York. 
181 — Guide  to  Nature,  Sound  Beach,  Conn.  394 — Parasitology, 
Cambridge.  England.  411 — Bulletin,  The  Brooklyn  Entomological 
Society.  420 — Insectitor  Tnscitiae  Menstruus:  A  monthly  journal 
of  entomology,  Washington.  438— Bulletin,  Illinois  State  Labora- 
tory of  Natural  History,  Urbana.  447 — Journal  of  Agricultural 
Research,  Washington.  513 — South  African  Journal  of  Sciences, 


152  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April, 'l8 

Cape  Town.  519 — The  Scientific  Monthly,  Lancaster,  Pa.  556— 
Zoological  Society  Bulletin,  New  York.  557 — Journal,  Board  of 
Agriculture,  London. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Beebe,  W.— Label  making  in  the  field, 
556,  xxi,  1574.  Bouvier,  E.  L. — Les  guerres  d'insectes,  90,  Iv,  737- 
741.  Crampton,  G.  C. — A  phylogenetic  study  of  the  terminal  ab- 
dominal segments  and  appendages  in  some  female  apterygotan  and 
lower  pterygotan  insects,  6,  xxv,  225-37.  Kearfott,  W.  D. — Obitu- 
ary notice  of,  4,  1918,  71-2.  Obituary  notice  and  bibliography,  6, 
xxv,  238-9.  Palm,  C.— Obituary  notice,  6,  xxv,  237-8.  Sheldon,  W. 
G. — On  a  cure  for  entomological  specimens  affected  by  verdigris, 
9,  1918,  30-3. 

MEDICAL.  Brues,  C.  T.— Insects  and  the  national  health,  519, 
vi,  193-209.  Nuttall,  G.  H.  F.— The  part  played  by  Pediculus  hu- 
manus  in  the  causation  of  disease,  394,  x,  43-79. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.  Eales,  N.  B.— Cheese  mites,  557,  xxiv, 
1087-96.  Sorensen,  W. — Sur  la  morphologic  de  1'abdomen  des 
Araignees,  115,  1916,  351-93. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Carman,  P.— The  Zygoptera,  or  dam- 
sel-flies, of  Illinois,  438,  xii,  411-587.  Hewlett,  F.  M.— Notes  on 
head-  and  body-lice  and  upon  temperature  reactions  of  lice  and 
mosquitoes,  394,  x,  186-8.  Nuttall,  G.  H.  F. — Bibliography  of 
Pediculus  and  Phthirus.  The  biology  of  Pediculus  humanus,  394, 
x,  1-42;  80-185.  Wells,  L.— Odonata  of  Iowa,  34,  xxiv,  327-333. 

ORTHOPTERA.  Brethes,  J.— Descripcion  de  una  nueva  mosca 
langosticida,  60,  xxviii,  141-44.  Caudell,  A.  N. — Homocoryphus 
malivolans  in  Texas,  411,  xii,  21-2.  Marelli,  C.  A. — Las  diferentes 
larvas  de  langostas  que  acompanan  a  las  grandes  mangas  de  la 
saltona  de  Schistocera  paranensis,  60,  xxviii,  345-90. 

HEMIPTERA.  Dickerson  &  Weiss — Idiocerus  scurra.  a  poplar 
leafhopper,  6,  xxv,  218-24.  Fontanel,  P. — Une  nombreuse  posterite. 
Le  puceron  de  la  rudbeckie  (Golden  glow  aphis),  37,  xliv,  115-123. 
Olsen,  C.  E. — Notes  on  Draeculacephala  inscripta,  6,  xxv,  215-18. 

Davis,  W.  T. — Sonoran  cicadas  collected  by  H.  H.  Knight,  J. 
Bequaert  and  others,  with  descriptions  of  [.">]  new  species,  6,  xxv. 
203-15.  Gibson  &  Wells — The  genus  Ophiderma  [2  new],  6,  xxv, 
199-203.  Knight,  H.  H. — New  sps.  of  Platylygus  with  a  note  on 
the  male  of  Largidea  grossa  [2  new],  411,  xii,  16-ls. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Dyar,  H.  G.— Brabantia  rhizoleuca  rede- 
scribed,  420,  v,  169.  Engelhardt,  G.  P.— Papilio  thoas  feeding  on 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  153 

Ruta  graveolens,  411,  xii,  22.  Gravatt,  G.  F.— Gipsy-moth  larvae 
as  agents  in  the  dissemination  of  the  white-pine  blister-rust,  447, 
xii,  459-62.  Jorgensen,  P. — Las  mariposas  argentinias,  Famila  Pieri- 
dae,  60,  xxviii,  427-520.  Kaye,  W.  J. — New  species  and  races  of 
Ithomiinae  in  the  Joicey  collection,  11,  i,  77-86.  Prout,  L.  B. — 
New  L.  in  the  Joicey  collection,  11,  i,  18-32.  Rothschild,  L. — Some 
new  moths  of  the  families  Arctiidae  and  Eupterotidae,  51,  xxiv, 
475-92. 

DIPTERA.  Bacot,  A. — A  note  on  the  period  during  which  the 
eggs  of  Stegomyia  fasciata  from  Sierra  Leone  stock  retain  their 
vitality  in  a  humid  temperature,  394,  x,  280-3.  Brethes,  J.— Algu- 
nas  notas  sobre  mosquitos  argentinos,  60,  xxviii,  193-218.  Dyar, 
H.  G. — A  second  note  on  the  species  of  Culex  of  the  Bahamas. 
The  larva  of  Aedes  idahoensis,  420,  v,  183-87;  187-8.  Hewlett,  F. 
M. — (See  under  Neuroptera,  etc.).  Mally,  C.  W. — Note  on  the 
eversion  of  the  ptilinum  during  the  emergence  of  the  housefly, 
513,  xiii,  599. 

Alexander,  C.  P. — New  Nearctic  crane-flies — IV.  [10  new],  4, 
1918,  60-71.  Dyar  &  Knab — New  American  mosquitoes  [4  new]. 
The  genus  Culex  in  the  U.  S.  [2  new],  420,  v,  165-69;  170-83. 
Malloch,  J.  R. — A  new  sp.  of  Hartomyia  from  Illinois.  Notes  on 
Chloropidae,  with  descriptions  [of  2  n.  g.;  1  n.  sp.],  411,  xii,  18; 
19-21.  Townsend,  C.  H.  T. — New  genera  of  Amobiinae  [11  n.  g.], 
420,  v,  157-65. 

COLEOPTERA.  Champion,  G.  C.— Note  on  the  curculionid 
genus  Sysciophthalmus,  with  a  description  of  a  n.  sp.  from  Tierra 
del  Fuego,  8,  1918,  35.  Notes  on  various  South  Am.  C.  collected 
by  Charles  Darwin  during  the  voyage  of  the  "Beagle,"  with  de- 
scriptions of  n.  gen.  and  sp,c.,  9,  1918,  43-48  (cont.). 

Blatchley,  W.  S. — On  some  new  or  noteworthy  C.  from  the  west 
coast  of  Florida— IV.  [4  new],  4,  1918,  52-59.  Van  Dyke,  E.  C.— 
Some  new  beetles  in  the  families  Cantharidae,  Ptinidae,  and  Sca- 
rabaeidae,  from  western  N.  A.,  with  notes  upon  others  [1  n.  p.: 
14  n.  sps.],  411,  xii,  1-15. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Bigelow,  E.  F.— How  honeybees  produce 
honeycomb,  181,  x,  259-72.  Gallardo,  A. — Las  hormigas  de  la  Re- 
publica  Argentina.  Subfamila  Dolicoderinas.  Notas  acerca  de  la 
hormiga  Trachymyrmex  pruinosa.  Notas  complementarias  sobre 
las  Dolicoderinas  argentinas.  Notes  systematiques  et  ethologiques 
sur  les  fourmis  Attines  de  la  Republique  Argentine,  60,  xxviii, 
1-130:  241-52;  257-62;  317-44.  Heslop  Harrison,  J.  W.— The  pair- 
ing habits  of  certain  bees,  21,  xxx,  11-12.  Holmberg,  E.  L.— Las 
especies  argentinas  de  Coelioxys,  60,  xxviii,  541-91.  McAtee,  W. 


154  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

L. — The  biting  powers  of  ants,  172,  xviii,  141-7.     Perkins,  R.  C.  L. 
—The  synonymy  of  Andrena  wilkella  and  its  allies,  with  notes  on 
habits,    as    confirming    specific    distinction,    9,    1918,    36-9.      Verner, 
S.  P. — Ant  pests  and  ant-eating  animals,  556,  xxi.   1575. 


CATALOGUE  OF  THE  HEMIPTERA  OF  AMERICA  NORTH  OF  MEXICO,  EX- 
CEPTING THE  APHIDIDAE,  COCCIDAE  AND  ALEURODIDAE.  By  EDWARD  P. 
VAN  DUZEE.  University  of  California  Publications,  Technical  Bul- 
letins, vol.  2.,  pp.  i-xiv  and  1-902.  (Paper  $5.00,  cloth  $5.50.  In  the 
East  it  may  be  had  at  the  University  of  California  Press,  280  Madison 
Ave.,  New  York.) 

Through  this  work,  Mr.  Van  Duzee  -definitely  assures  his  leadership 
of  present-day  American  hemipterists.  I  voice  the  mind  of  his  col- 
leagues in  this  country  in  congratulating  him  and  ourselves  on  this 
very  valuable  volume.  For  years  to  come  this  Catalogue  will  be  the 
basis  of  all  work  in  Hemiptera  for  our  fauna ;  all  must  refer  back 
to  it  to  agree  or  to  disagree.  It  is  indispensable. 

The  Catalogue  is  carried  out  on  the  excellent  plan  of  Oshanin's 
V  erseichniss  dcr  palacarktischcn  Hemiptercn  niit  besondcrcr  Bcriick- 
sichtigung  Ihrcr  Vertheilung  im  Russischen  Rciche,*  the  only  work 
on  a  restricted  fauna  to  which  it  may  be  compared.  It  diTers  from 
Oshanin  in  that  the  references  given  are  only  such  as  are  material. 
Oshanin  lists  every  reference.  The  classification  follows  Reuter — 
with  mitigations.  Horvath  is  guide  in  matters  of  nomenclature.  Many 
types  are  renovated  or  changed  to  agree  with  the  author's  interpre- 
tation or  understanding  of  the  International  Code.  This  question  of 
nomenclature  and  priority  will  always  be  with  us  to  vex  until  we 
come  to  an  agreement  as  to  what  constitutes  priority,  so  framed 
that  no  room  will  be  left  for  personal  interpretation.  We  must  also 
put  the  casual  biologists — the  science  teacher,  the  sanitarian,  the  physi- 
cian— in  a  position  where  they  shall  not  be  able  to  dictate  to  the 
specialist  what  his  names  must  be,  lest  a  change  compel  the  casual 
to  learn  perhaps  three  or  four  new  names. 

The    arrangement    of    the    aquatic    and    semi-aquatic    forms    is    not 
satisfactory,   but    this    must    be    the    subject   of    more    extended    com 
ment. 

Generic  and  specific  indices  add  greatly  to  the  completeness  and 
usefulness  of  the  work. 

The  volume  as  a  whole  is  surprisingly  free  from  errors,  except  of 
typography ;  a  little  more  exacting  editing  would  have  done  away 
even  with  these  few. 


*  Beilage  zum  Ann.  Mus.  Zool.  Acad.  Imp.  Sci.  St.  Petersb.,  Bd. 
XI-XIV,  pp.  i-xxiv,  1-1087,  1906-09;  Bd.  XI,  XII,  XIII,  pp.  i-xvi, 
1-492,  1906-08;  Bd.  XV,  pp.  i-xvi,  1-217,  1910. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  155 

We  shall  doubtless  have  a  series  of  articles  correcting,  expanding 
and  improving  this  truly  great  work,  of  which  one  is  threatened  above. 

Meantime,  no  working  hemipterist  can  afford  to  do  without  this,  the 
first,  real,  authoritative  Catalogue  of  our  Hemipterous  fauna.  Some 
may  get  it  to  curse,  but  all  will  keep  it  to  bless. — J.  R.  DE  LA  TORRE 
BUENO,  White  Plains,  New  York. 


FIELD  BOOK  OF  INSECTS.  With  special  reference  to  those  of  North- 
eastern United  States,  aiming  to  answer  common  questions.  By 
FRANK  E.  LUTZ,  Ph.D.,  Associate  Curator,  Dept.  of  Invertebrate  Zool- 
ogy, American  Museum  of  Natural  History.  With  about  800  illustra- 
tions, many  in  color.  G.  P.  Putnam's  Sons,  New  York  and  London, 
The  Knickerbocker  Press,  1918,  Pp.  ix,  509.  $2.50. 

The  very  first  thing  the  author  of  this  attractive  volume  tells  us  is 
that  ten  years  ago  he  felt  sure  there  was  little  excuse  for  additional 
general  entomologies.  He  doesn't  admit  that  his  opinion  has  changed, 
but  rather  throws  the  burden  of  this  book  on  the  publishers  who  evi- 
dently wished  to  extend  a  series  of  "Field  Books"  already  in  existence. 
We  believe  that  this  is  the  most  convenient  pocket  book  on  all  groups 
of  North  American  insects  that  has  yet  appeared.  It  measures  7  x  4^4 
x  i  inches,  weighs  15  ounces,  is  printed  in  clear  type  of  the  same  size 
as  that  in  which  these  words  are  and  well  spaced,  and  deals  (so  it 
claims)  with  about  1400  species,  of  which  nearly  600  are  illustrated  by 
one  or  more  figures.  In  selecting  the  species  to  be  discussed  Dr.  Lutz 
has  been  guided  by  what  the  public,  in  evidence  at  his  museum,  seem  to 
want  to  know.  The  two  extremes  of  desire  appear  to  be,  "How  much 
is  a  moth  worth?"  and  "Why  are  bed  bugs?"  An  answer  to  the  former 
is  given  on  page  154,  but  we  have  looked  in  vain  on  page  106  (and 
elsewhere)  for  any  response  to  the  other,  assuredly  more  philosophical, 
conundrum.  We  are  far  from  laying  anything  against  the  author  for 
this  omission,  however.  The  book  is  entertainingly  written  and  every 
here  and  there  the  reader  is  made  acquainted,  by  means  of  a  well-chosen 
and  not  superfluous  passage,  with  some  of  the  best  entomological  liter- 
ature. Who  will  soon  forget  the  venerability  of  the  cockroach  after 
reading  page  62?  Ever  and  anon  the  author  gives  us  one  of  his 
own  witty  sayings  as  when,  in  discussing  some  of  the  difficulties  of  the 
classification  of  the  Serricorn  Coleoptera,  he  remarks  that  nature  appar- 
ently does  not  use  a  card  catalog  (p.  306),  while  farther  down  on  the 
same  page  is  the  delicious  story  of  the  Breakbacks. 

The  insects  are  taken  up  seriatim  by  orders  (24  of  them),  but  the 
Lepidoptera,  Diptera,  Coleoptera  and  Hymenoptera  occupy  about  340 
of  the  509  pages.  Here  and  there  are  keys  to  the  more  interesting  fam- 
ilies, genera  or  species.  Great  reliance  for  identification  is  naturally 
placed  on  the  figures,  about  700  of  which  are  new  and  the  work  of 
Mrs.  E.  L.  Beutenmiiller.  The  colored  illustrations  are  on  24  plates 


156  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

which,  curiously,  are  not  numbered,  except  in  the  list  on  pages  vii-ix, 
although  the  black  and  white  plates  bear  their  proper  serial  numbers. 
Many  of  the  four-color  figures  have  a  slight  blurred  effect  in  the  print- 
ing, unfortunately.  The  introduction  tells  very  briefly  of  nomenclature, 
growth  and  structure  and  much  more  fully  of  collecting  and  preserving 
insects  and  the  control  of  injurious  insects.  This  book  will  do  much  for 
entomology. — P.  P.  CALVERT.  (Advt.). 


Doings  of  Societies. 

Meeting  of  Ohio  Entomologists. 

For  some  years  it  has  been  the  custom  for  the  entomologists  of 
Ohio  institutions  to  hold  an  annual  meeting,  the  main  purpose  being 
to  correlate  the  entomological  activities  of  the  State.  Such  meetings 
are  open  to  active  entomologists  and  students  specializing  in  ento- 
mology. 

At  the  recent  meeting  held  in  the  Botany  and  Zoology  building 
of  the  State  University,  at  Columbus,  on  January  29,  1918,  thirty- 
seven  entomologists  were  present  and  the  following  program  was  ren- 
dered : 

General. — Herbert  Osborn:  Entomological  objectives  in  the 
Biological  Survey.  F.  H.  Krecker:  Insect  fauna  of  rock-bottom 
ponds. 

Economic. — E.  W.  Mendenhall:  Observations  on  some  insects  in 
nurseries  for  the  year  1917.  J.  S.  Hine:  Apicultural  conditions  in 
Ohio.  D.  M.  DeLong:  Remarks  on  work  with  tobacco  pests  and 
leaf-hoppers.  D.  C.  Mote:  Experiments  with  Sodium  fluoride  in 
controlling  sheep  lice.  lA.  J.  Basinger:  A  survey  of  greenhouse 
pests  for  Columbus  and  vicinity.  J.  S.  Houser:  The  insect  out- 
breaks in  southern  Ohio  woodlands,  1916-17.  J.  R.  Stear:  Geo- 
graphical distribution  of  the  insect  pests  of  Ohio  for  1917.  C.  A. 
Weigel:  On  the  penetration  of  insecticides.  T.  L.  Guyton:  The 
potato  aphid  outbreak  of  1917.  Richard  Faxon:  The  control  of 
animal  parasites  at  the  front. 

Arachnida. — Wm.  M.  Barrows:  Observations  on  field  and 
meadow  spiders. 

Homoptera. — H.  A.  Gossard:  The  periodical  cicada  in  Ohio  in 
1917.  R.  K.  Fletcher:  Observations  on  Miridae.  J.  C.  Hamlin: 
Observations  on  Membracidae.  (See  also  Hymenoptera). 

Hymenoptera. — F.  A.  Fenton:  Notes  on  Leaf-hopper  parasites. 

Lepidoptera. — R.  S.  McKay:  The  evergreen  bag-worm,  habits  and 
food  plants. 

Diptera. — C.  L.  Metcalf:  Notes  on  Syrphidae. 

J.  S.  HOUSER,  Scc'y. 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  157 


OBITUARY. 

DR.  SAMUEL  GIBSON  DIXON,  President  of  The  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia  since  1896,  and  Commis- 
sioner of  Health  for  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  since  1905, 
died  in  Philadelphia,  February  26,  1918,  after  an  illness  of 
eight  months.  He  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  March  23,  1851. 
studied  successively  law  and  medicine  in  the  University  of 
Pennsylania.  and  bacteriology  and  hygiene  in  King's  Col- 
lege, London,  and  Pettenkofer's  laboratory  at  Munich.  He 
was  assistant  demonstrator  in  physiology  in  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  1886-88,  professor  of  Hygiene  1888-90,  and  later 
a  trustee  of  the  same  institution.  His  activity  in  The  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  began  about  1890  in  connection  with 
bacteriological  work  and  in  the  following  year  he  became  a 
curator,  a  function  which  he  filled  to  the  end  of  his  life. 
Largely  through  his  efforts  the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania 
was  induced  to  make  a  number  of  appropriations  to  the  Acad- 
emy by  means  of  which  its  buildings  were  greatly  extended 
and  strengthened.  These  additions  and  improvements  were 
his  chief  contribution  to  the  institution's  progress  and  welfare 
and  will  stand  as  an  enduring  monument  to  his  labor  and 
devotion. 

As  Commissioner  of  Health  for  Pennsylvania  he  took  much 
interest  in  the  relation  of  insects  to  disease,  directed  the  mak- 
ing of  a  mosquito  survey  of  the  State  in  1906  by  Mr.  H.  L. 
Viereck  (to  which  references  will  be  found  in  the  NEWS  xvii, 
150;  xviii,  29-30),  and  promoted  investigations  of  the  pos- 
sible role  played  by  flies  in  the  transmission  of  infantile  par- 
alysis. 


CHARLES  ARTHUR  HART  was  born  at  Quincy,  Illinois,  Oc- 
tober 12,  1859,  and  from  1884  to  the  day  of  his  sudden  death, 
February  18,  K)i8,  was  connected  with  tin-  office  now  officially 
designated  as  the  Illinois  State  Natural  History  Survey. 

That  the  collections  of  the  Survey   are  among  the   largest. 


158  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

and  undoubtedly  the  most  comprehensive,  in  the  United  States 
is  largely  due  to  the  untiring  efforts  of  Mr.  Hart,  while  the 
arrangement  and  classification  are  almost  entirely  his. 

The  handicap  of  a  lack  of  an  entomological  course  such  as 
is  now  possible  to  students  was  to  a  very  large  extent  over- 
come by  studious  application  to  the  work  of  classification,  and 
an  exceptional  natural  aptitude.  Always  a  keen  and  observant 
field  collector,  the  opening  of  the  biological  station  on  the 
Illinois  River,  at  Havana,  in  1894,  provided  him  with  an  ex- 
ceptional opportunitv  to  indulge  in  research  into  the  life-his- 
tories of  aquatic  insects,  and  as  a  part  result  of  this  work  he 
published  his  paper  on  the  Entomologv  of  the  Illinois  River 
in  1895.  This  paper  is  a  model  for  work  of  this  nature,  con- 
taining as  it  does,  besides  many  statistical  and  systematic  data, 
many  observations  on  the  life-histories  of  the  forms  dealt  with 
which  are  presented  in  a  readable  and  interesting  manner.  In 
addition  to  this  paper  Mr.  Hart  drew  up  manuscript  keys  to 
various  orders  of  insects  in  their  different  stages,  and  to  mol- 
lusca.  for  use  in  the  summer  school  at  Havana.  Apart  alto- 
gether from  the  knack  of  assembling  in  orderly  array  and  uni- 
formly labeling  the  multitude  of  preserved  specimens  in  the 
laboratory,  which  Mr.  Hart  possessed  to  a  marked  degree,  he 
at  all  times  bore  in  mind  the  biologic  and  economic  habits  and 
characteristics  of  these  forms,  something  that  is  becoming 
undeniably  rarer  in  these  days  of  specialization. 

The  paucity  of  Mr.  Hart's  publications  is  not  to  be  accepted 
as  a  criterion  of  his  knowledge  of  entomology,  nor  as  an  in- 
dication of  inability  to  handle  such  undertakings,  as  his 
knowledge,  in  my  opinion,  was  both  ample  and  varied,  and  his 
published  works  show  his  ability  to  lucidly  express  himself, 
but  rather  denotes,  at  least  to  those  who  knew  him,  the  degree 
of  self -repression  which  he  exercised  in  order  that  his  ap- 
pointed task,  the  arrangement  of  our  collections,  should  be 
accomplished.  At  the  time  of  his  death  this  task  was  still 
incomplete,  being  interrupted  in  the  Orthoptera,  but  he  left 
things  in  such  condition  that  it  will  be  possible  to  take  up  the 
work  where  it  was  left  unfinished. 


Vol.  xxixl  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  159 

He  left  one  paper,  the  manuscript  of  which  is  fairly  ready, 
on  the  Pentatomoidea  of  Illinois,  and  this  I  have  undertaken 
to  complete,  mostly  from  his  notes,  and  publish. 

From  my  four  and  one-half  years  of  constant  association 
with  him.  I  conclude  that,  as  a  factor  in  broadening  the  scope 
of  systematic  entomology  and  in  linking  it  up  with  other 
branches  of  nature  study,  he  played  a  very  important  part,  not 
only  through  his  published  papers  but  through  the  influence  he 
exercised  upon  university  students  with  whom  he  came  in  con- 
tact. He  saw  clearly  that,  in  order  to  command  attention  and 
prove  its  economic  value  commensurate  with  the  expenditure 
demanded  for  it,  entomology  should  be  considered  in  its 
broadest  possible  aspect,  and  the  lack  of  published  papers  by 
him  is  in  large  measure  due  to  the  fact  that  the  amount  of  work 
for  which  he  assumed  responsibility  left  him  but  little  time  for 
the  preparation  of  papers. 

Although  never  robust  he  devoted  many  hours  more  daily 
to  his  work  than  he  was  called  upon  to  do.  a  characteristic 
found  almost  exclusively  among  scientists  who  pursue  their 
studies  because  of  inclination  and  not  of  necessity. 

His  earliest  work  was  principally  done  on  Coleoptera.  but 
in  later  years  he  devoted  much  time  to  Odonata,  publishing 
one  paper  in  collaboration  with  J.  G.  Needham,  and  to  the 
Orthoptera.  His  principal  work  during  the  last  six  years  was 
done  on  the  Hemiptera  and  it  is  unfortunate  that  his  untimely 
death  prevented  him  from  publishing  his  results. — J.  R.  MAL- 

LOCH. 

CHARLES  PALM,  one  of  the  founders  of  the  New  York- 
Entomological  Society  (organized  June  29,  1892),  born  at 
Calbe.  Germany,  in  1836,  died  November  5,  1917.  An  obitu- 
ary notice  and  portrait  are  published  in  the  Journal  of  the 
Society  for  December,  1917  (Vol.  XXV,  pp.  237-8.  pi.  18). 


Despatches  published  in  the  daily  press  announced  the  death, 
from  his  own  hand,  of  ADOLFH  FRIEDRTCH  VI,  grand-duke  of 
Mecklenburg-Strelitz,  on  February  23,  1918,  near  his  castle  at 
Neu-Strelitz.  He  was  born  at  Neu-Strelitz,  June  17,  i8Sj, 


l6o  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April,  'l8 

son  of  the  grand-duke  Adolf  Friedrich  V,  whom  he  succeeded 
on  his  father's  death,  June  n,  1914.  He  is  said  to  have  served 
brilliantly  with  Von  Mackensen  in  Serbia  in  1915,  being  the 
first  officer  to  cross  the  Danube,  and  was  credited  with  storm- 
ing Fort  Elisabeth  almost  single-handed. 

The  relationship  of  the  deceased  to  the  entomological  world  is  chiefly 
through  his  leadership  of  two  important  African  expeditions,  both  of 
which  secured  very  extensive  entomological  collections.  One  of  these 
expeditions,  the  German  Central  Africa  Expedition  of  1907-1908,  of 
which  Dr.  H.  Schubotz  was  the  zoologist,  traversed  the  country  be- 
tween Victoria  Nyanza  and  Lake  Kivu  in  western  German  East  Africa: 
explored  the  Virunga  Volcanoes,  the  lower  slopes  of  Ruwenzori  and 
the  Ituri  River  region  of  the  northeastern  Belgian  Congo.  The  second 
expedition,  the  Second  German  Central  Africa  Expedition  of  1910- 
1911,  on  which  Drs.  Schubotz  and  Arnold  Schultze  were  zoologists, 
visited  the  lower  Congo  basin  and  lower  Ubangi  River,  one  party  going 
down  the  Shari  River  to  Lake  Tchad  and  returning  to  the  west  coast 
by  way  of  the  Niger  River,  another  party  traversed  the  southern 
Cameroons  to  the  west  coast  and  two  other  sections,  by  different  routes, 
traveled  the  Uelle-Ubangi  system,  across  the  watershed  and  down 
the  Nile. 

On  the  entomological  collections  of  the  first  expedition  twenty-three 
reports  had  appeared  up  until  the  time  when  communication  with  Ger- 
many was  discontinued.  Of  these  seven  were  on  the  Hymenoptera  and 
the  same  number  on  the  Coleoptera,  while  two  were  on  the  Orthoptera 
and  one  each  on  Plecoptera,  Dermaptera,  Collembola,  Thysanoptera, 
Trichoptera,  Hemiptera  and  Lepidoptera,  the  authors  being  Kieffer, 
Strand,  Bischoff,  Stitz,  Szepligeti,  Lesne,  Pic,  Hintz,  Kerremans,  W. 
Horn,  Bernhauer,  Klapalek,  Burr,  Griinberg,  Borchmann,  Jacobi,  Weise, 
Enslin,  Gebien,  Ulmer,  Karny,  Borner,  Schulthess-Rechberg,  Kolbe, 
Shelford  and  Rehn.  These  reports  were  published  as  sections  of  the 
natural  history  results  of  the  expedition — IVissenschaftliche  Ergcb- 
nisse  dcr  Dcntschcn  Zcntral-Afrika-E.rpcdition  1907-08.  The  results 
of  the  second  expedition  have  been  appearing  in  a  similar  series — 
Ergcbnisse  dcr  TLrvciten  Dcutschen  Zentral-Afrika-E.vpedition  1910- 
IQII.  To  date  nine  entomological  sections  have  been  received  in  Phila- 
delphia, five  on  Coleoptera.  one  on  Mecoptera,  two  on  Hymenoptera 
and  one  on  Hemiptera.  The  authors  of  these  are :  Weise,  Enslin, 
Szepligeti,  Melichar,  Sjostedt,  Gebein,  Moser,  Ohaus,  Bickhardt  and 
Kerremans. — J.  A.  G.  REHN. 


ERRATUM. 
Page  119,  line  18  (March,  1918),  for  Coleoptera  read  Lepidoptera. 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 


These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  from 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  01  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42J  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  ]t-{ 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  New?.  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork  ;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13  x  24  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.—  We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 


WARD'S 

Natural  Science  Establishment 

84-102  COLLEGE  AVENUE,  ROCHESTER.  N.  Y. 

We  are  the  "Headquarters"  for  Entomological  supplies 
and  specimens. 

The  only  genuine  Schmitt  insect  boxes  and  American 
Entomological  Company's  insect  pins  are  manufactured 
by  us.  Best  service  in  getting  spreading  boards,  breed- 
ing cages,  Riker  mounts  and  botanical  presses. 

Over  200  different   life   histories   of  insects   of  economic 
and  other  importance  furnished  by  us. 

Collections  of  mimicry  and  color  protection,  seasonal  and 
sexual  dimorphism. 

Send  for  list  129b  with  many  desirable  chances  of  Lepi- 
doptera  from  Peru. 


Ward's  Natural  Science  Establishment 

FOUNDED   1862  INCORPORATED   189O 

When   Writing  Pleaae   Mention  "  Entomological  News." 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


From  Columbia,  So.  America  : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  amathonte 

sulkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  columbus  Urania  boisduvali 

andraemon  Erinyis  guttalaris 

celadon  Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 
devilliersi 


u 


From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  Lepidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

"       philoxenus  Brahmaea  wallachi 


And    Many   Other   Showy   Species 


From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Arraandia  lidderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES    OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL    SUPPLIES   AND    SPECIMENS 
ON    APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D.  404-410  W.  27th  Street 


MAY,  1918. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.  XXIX.  No.  5. 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 
J808-J869, 


PHILIP   P.  CALVERT,  Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor, 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.D.,  Sc.D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 

EZRA   T.  CRESSON.  (.    A.  <5.    REHN. 

PHII.IP    LAURENT,  BRICK    DARCKB.  M.    W.    WKNEEt. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 
LOGAN  SQUARE. 

Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post-Office  as  Second-Class  Matter. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

published  monthly,  excepting  August  and  September,  in  charge  of  the  Entomo- 
logical Section  of  The  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia, 
and  The  American  Entomological  Society. 

ANNUAL,  SUBSCRIPTION,  $2.OO  IN  ADVANCE. 

SINGLE  COPIES   24   CENTS. 

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ment taken  for  less  than  $1.00 — Cash  in  advance. 


All  remittances,  and  communications  regarding  subscriptions,  non-receipt 
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copies. 

8^°  Address  all  other  communications  to  the  editor,  Dr.  P.  P.  Calvert,  4515 
Regent  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  from  September  isth  to  June  isth,  or  at 
the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  from  June  isth  to  September 


TO  CONTRIBUTORS.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed 
upon  at  our  earliest  convenience,  and,  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published 
according  to  date  of  reception.  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a 
circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumference,  as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put 
"copy"  for  each  number  into  the  hands  of  the  printer  five  weeks  before  date 
of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  important  matter 
for  a  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras,"  without  change  in  form  and  without 
covers,  will  be  given  free,  when  they  are  wanted  ;  if  more  than  twenty-five 
copies  are  desired,  this  should  be  stated  on  the  MS.  The  receipt  of  all  papers 
will  be  acknowledged.  Proof  will  be  sent  to  authors  for  correction  only  when 
specially  requested. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE  TO  AUTHORS 

Owing  to  increased  cost  of  labor  and  materials,  only  one  plate  (of  line- 
engravings  only)  will  be  published  in  each  issue  of  the  NEWS  during  1918, 
except  where  authors  furnish  the  necessary  blocks,  or  pay  in  advance  the  cost 
of  making  blocks,  and  pay  for  the  cost  of  printing  the  plates.  Information  as 
to  the  cost  will  be  furnished  in  each  case  on  application  to  the  Editor. 
Blocks  furnished  or  paid  for  by  authors  will,  of  course,  be  returned  to  authors 
after  publication,  if  desired. 

(W  The  printer  of  the  NEWS  will  furnish  reprints  of  articles  over  and  above  the  t\venty-fi%'e 
given  free  at  the  following  rates  :  Each  printed  page  or  fraction  thereof,  twenty-five  copies, 
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these  rates. 

500   PIN-LABELS,  25  CENTS!     All  Alike  on  a  Strip. 

Smallest  Type.     Pure  White  Ledger  Paper.     Not  Over  4  Lines  or  30  Characters  (13  io  a  Line) 
Additional  characters  1c    each,  per  Line,  per  500,  Trimmed. 

C.  V.  BLACKBURN,  12  Pine  St.,  STONEHAM,  MASS.,  U.  S.  A. 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  XXIX. 


Plate  IX. 


ABNORMAL    AND     NORMAL    SAMIA    CECROPIA. -LAURENT. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY    OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.    XXIX. 


MAY,   1918. 


No.   5. 


CONTENTS: 


Laurent — Notes  on  Variations  and  Ab- 
normal Forms  of  Three  Species  of 
Saturniidae  (  Lep.  1 161 

Blaisdell — Studies  in  the   Tenebiionid 

Tribe  Eleodiini,  No.  3  (Coleop.)...   162 
'Cockerell— Some    Bees   of    the    Genus 

Panurginus  (  Hym.)  .    169 

Membership  in  the  Association  of  Eco- 
nomic Biologists 171 

Knight — New  Species  of  Lopidea  from 
Arizona  (Hemip.  Miridae  I  172 

Townsend A   New  Muscoid  Genus 

from  t  he  Chi  ricahua  Mountains,  Ari- 
zona (  Dip. ) 177 

Aldrich— The  Anthomyid  Genus  Pogo- 
nomyia  (Dip.) 179 


Funkhouser — A    New    Membracid    on 

Cypress  (  Homop.  | 185 

McDunnough  —  A    Review   of   Reviews 

(Lep.) 187 

Mosquitoes  and  the  War 191 

Editorial — The  Forms  of  Generic  and 

of  Specific  Names 192 

Weiss — Additional    Acarina    found    in 

New  Jersey 193 

Entomological  Literature 194 

Doings  of  Societies — American    Ento- 
mological Society  (Dip.,  Orthop., 

Odonata.  Lep.) 197 

Entomological  Section,  The  Acad. 

Nat.  Sci.  of  Phila.  (Lep.,  Orthop.   198 
Feldman  Collecting  Social — Coleop., 
Lep.,  Dip 199 


Notes  on  Variations  and  Abnormal  Forms  of  Three 
Species  of  Saturniidae  (Lep.). 

By  PHILIP  LAURENT,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

(Plate  IX.) 

During  the  past  forty  years  I  have  bred  a  few  thousand 
specimens  of  Callosainia  proinetliea,  Philosauria  cynthia  and 
Emilia  cccropia.  and  have  obtained  many  specimens  differing 
from  the  normal  forms.  A  specimen  of  Callosamia  promethea 
in  which  the  basal  half  of  all  four  wings  is  blackish,  the  color 
of  the  male,  and  the  outer  half  of  the  wings  purplish  red,  as  in 
the  female,  is  one  of  the  interesting  variations.  Two  speci 
mens  of  PJnlosauiia  cynthia  have  the  ground  color  of  the  wings 
dark  gray  instead  of  drab-grav  :  while  the  white  and  lilac  col- 
on'd  lines  and  markings  are  wauling.  An  oddity  in  the  way 
of  a  five-winged  Sninitt  cecropia,  with  four  perfect  wings  and 


161 


1 62  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [May,    'l8 

one  imperfect,  was  secured  a  few  years  ago.  This  year  (1917) 
there  emerged  in  one  of  my  cages  an  abnormal  Sainia  cecropia 
differing  from  any  specimen  I  have  ever  seen.  The  cocoon 
from  which  the  moth  was  bred  did  not  differ  from  any  of  the 
hundred  or  more  other  cocoons  that  I  had,  all  of  which  were 
collected  on  the  outskirts  of  Philadelphia.  A  description  of 
this  specimen  is  not  necessary,  as  it  is  well  figured  in  this  num- 
ber of  the  NEWS  (Plate  IX,  upper  figure). 


Studies   in   the    Tenebrionid   Tribe   Eleodiini   No.   3 

(Coleop.). 
By  F.  E.  BLAISDELL,  SR.,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Eleodes  pimelioides  Mann.,  var.  brevisetosa  n.  var. 

Oblong-ovate,  very  densely  and  rather  finely  sculptured,  dull  black, 
the  legs  dark  nigro-piceous. 

Head  very  densely  and  confluently  punctate,  punctures  rather  fine. 
Antennae  moderate  in  length. 

Pronotwm  about  one-fifth  wider  than  long;  disc  moderately  convex, 
rather  finely  and  very  densely  punctate,  punctures  more  or  less  con- 
fluent, the  intervals  being  mere  lines ;  sides  more  or  less  angulate  at 
middle,  thence  evenly  and  moderately  arcuate  to  apex,  conversely 
oblique,  convergent,  straight  or  feebly  sinuate  to  the  basal  constric- 
tion, the  latter  distinct  and  about  one-seventh  of  the  total  length,  with 
sides  straight  and  parallel. 

Elytra  slightly  oblong,  two-sixths  longer  than  wide,  vertically  de- 
clivous posteriorly;  sides  broadly,  evenly  and  moderately  arcuate; 
Immeri  obtuse  and  not  in  the  least  prominent ;  disk  widest  at  the  mid- 
dle third,  moderately  convex  on  the  dorsum.  broadly  and  arcuately 
rounded  at  the  sides;  surface  densely  sculptured  with  tuberculiform 
granules,  which  are  bright  and  shining  at  their  summit?,  each  bearing 
a  short  seta.  On  the  central  part  of  the  disk  the  granules  are  less  de- 
veloped and  more  asperately  punctate,  the  asperities  are  absolutely 
without  an  orderly  arrangement.  Otherwise  as  in  brunnipes. 

Measurements. —  $ — Length,  n.o  mm.;  width.  4.75  mm.  9 — Length, 
12.0-15.0  mm.;  width,  5.0-7.5  mm. 

Types  in  my  own  collection.  Collector  F.  W.  Nunen- 
macher. 

Habitat.  Lassen  County,  California  (type  locality),  May; 
Verdi,  Nevada,  April.  21  specimens  studied. 

In  the  male  the  first  joint  of  the  protarsi  bears  a  moderate 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  163 

tuft  of  golden  pubescence  at  tip  beneath  ;  the  second  joint  has 
a  narrow  transverse  tuft.  The  basal  joint  of  the  mesotarsi 
bears  a  very  small  tuft  which  does  not  wholly  interrupt  the 
plantar  groove. 

The  female  referred  to  under  bnmnipcs  in  my  monograph 
of  the  Eleodiini  (Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.),  and  which  was 
collected  at  Verdi,  Nevada,  belongs  here.  It  was  doubtfully 
referred  to  brunnipes  and  did  not  not  agree  with  my  speci- 
men of  that  species  which  was  collected  at  Buena  Vista,  Colo- 
rado. 

Eleodes  nunenmacheri  n.  sp. 

Robust,  subovate,  densely  sculptured  and  dull  black.  Elytra  tuber- 
culate  throughout,  body  setigerous  throughout. 

Head  rather  small,  less  than  one-half  the  width  of  the  prothorax, 
very  densely  punctate,  punctures  rather  small,  subperforate,  and  more 
or  less  coalescent:  intervals  very  narrow  or  more  or  less  obsolete; 
feebly  and  broadly  impressed  along  the  line  of  the  frontal  suture.  An- 
tennae a  little  longer  than  the  head  and  pronotum,  moderate  in  stout- 
ness, outer  four  joints  moderately  compressed,  very  feebly  incrassate ; 
third  joint  as  long  as  the  fourth  and  fifth  taken  together,  fourth  to  the 
seventh  inclusive  subequal  in  length  and  obconic,  eighth  triangular, 
ninth  and  tenth  about  as  long  as  wide,  eleventh  obovate. 

Pronotum  wider  than  long,  widest  just  in  front  of  the  middle; 
sides  broadly  and  evenly  arcuate  anteriorly,  oblique  and  converging 
posteriorly,  and  just  noticeably  arcuate  to  straight — not  reentrant, 
constricted  in  basal  twelfth,  sides  of  the  constriction  straight  and 
parallel,  sinuate  only  at  the  junction  of  the  obliquely  directed  sides 
and  the  constriction,  arcuately  subangulate  at  middle  ;  disk  evenly  and 
moderately  convex,  densely  punctate,  punctures  moderate,  subperforate, 
more  or  less  coalescent  and  minutely  setigerous,  intervals  very  narrow 
to  subobsolete,  with  scattered  small  smooth  areas  as  if  a  puncture  was 
now  and  then  obsolete;  apex  very  feebly  sinuate  and  not  beaded; 
base  subequal  to  the  apex,  transverse  and  not  beaded ;  apical  angles 
obtusely  and  narrowly  rounded ;  basal  angles  rectangular  and  not  prom- 
inent. 

Proplcura  opaque,  densely  and  finely  punctate,  punctures  minutely 
setigerous ;  surface  rugulose  at  the  acetabula. 

Elytra   slightly  longer   than   wide,   quadrato-ovate.   widest   in   middle 
third ;    base    truncate,    slightly    wider    than    the    contiguous    prothoracic 
base ;    humeri    subangulate    and    not    prominent ;    disk    moderately    con 
vex  on  the  dorsum,  broadly  and  arcuately  rounded  laterally,  arcuately 
and    abruptly    declivous     posteriorly;      surface     strongly     tuberculate 


164  ENTOMOLOGICAL,    NEWS  [^ay,    'l8 


throughout,  tubercles  moderate  in  size,  nearly  simple,  bearing  small 
setae,  laterally  and  on  the  apical  declivity  more  distinctly  muricate, 
setae  longer,  feebly  reclinate,  more  strongly  so  at  the  extreme  periphery, 
with  minute  tubercles  scattered  between  the  larger  ones,  all  smooth  and 
more  or  less  shining,  general  surface  minutely  reticulate. 

Epiplcura    very    sparsely    mtiricato-tuberculate,    gradually    narrowing 
from  base  to  apex  ;  surface  minutely  reticulate. 

Sterna  finely  and  densely  punctate. 

Paraplcura  finely  and  less  densely  punctate. 

Abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  rather  densely  punctate,  first  segments 
distinctly  so,  fifth  finely  and  moderately  densely  punctate. 

Legs  moderate  in  length  and   stoutness. 

$  .  —  Less  robust,  somewhat  narrower.  Abdomen  rather  less  than 
moderately  convex,  impressed  at  middle  of  the  first  two  segments, 
slightly  oblique  to  the  sterna.  First  two  joints  of  the  protarsi  clothed 
with  a  tuft  of  golden  pubescence  at  tips  beneath.  First  joint  of  the 
mesotarsi  without  tufts. 

9-  —  Robust.  Abdomen  quite  strongly  convex.  First  joint  of  the 
protarsi  distinctly  thickened  at  apex  beneath  and  evidently  clothed 
with  coarse  short  setae;  second  joint  with  a  narrow  transverse  tuft 
which  is  cleft  at  middle,  plantar  groove  distinct  basally,  but  obsolete  on 
the  first  joint  which  is  convex  beneath. 

Measurements.  —  $  —  Length,  9.5-11.0  mm.;   width,  4.5-5.0  mm.      9  — 
length,  12.5  mm.;  width,  6.5  mm. 

Habitat.  —  Klamath  and  Lake  counties,  Oregon  ;  Lassen  and 
Modoc  Counties,  California.  17  specimens  studied. 

Types  $  and  9  in  my  own  collection  ;  type  locality,  Klamath 
County,  Oregon.  F.  W.  Nunemnacher,  collector. 

The  males  have  the  prothorax  rather  more  strongly  con- 
stricted before  the  base,  but  the  sides  in  all  instances  are 
straight  or  feebly  arcuate  between  the  middle  and  the  con- 
striction and  not  re-entrant,  as  in  cordata  and  pijiiclioidcs. 
The  prothorax  appears  relatively  wider  as  a  result. 

NitnenniacJicri  differs  from  pimelioides  in  the  shape  of  the 
pronotum  and  in  its  denser  punctuation  ;  the  tuberculation  of 
tfK.  elytra  is  also  more  regular  and  less  muricate.  It  should 
follow  pimelioides  and  its  races  in  our  lists. 

Eleodes  nunenmacheri,  var.  verrucula  n.  var. 

Form  as  in  nunenmacheri.  Punctuation  of  the  pronotal  disk  slightly 
finer.  In  the  female  the  form  of  the  pronotum  is  the  same  as  in 
nunenmacheri,  while  in  the  male  the  basal  constriction  is  more  ab- 


Vol.     XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     XK\VS  165 

ruptly  formed ;  as  a  result  the  sides  behind  the  middle  are  somewhat 
more  strongly  convergent  and  straighter,  and  the  sides  of  the  con- 
stricted portion  are  straight  and  parallel.  The  basal  angles  are  rec- 
tangular. 

The  elytral  disk  centrally  and  along  the  suture  is  somewhat  sub- 
obsoletely  tuberculo-rugulose,  peripherally  muricato-tuberculate,  the 
tubercles  being  more  reclinate  than  in  nunenmacheri,  their  summits  are 
bright  and  shining  and  about  one-half  as  large  as  in  the  typical  race; 
very  small  tubercles  are  scattered  between  the  larger  ones.  •  The 
general  surface  is  microscopically  granulato-reticulate.  Laterally  the 
tubercles  are  setigerous,  the  setae  are  reclinate  and  in  length  about 
equal  to  the  height  of  the  tubercles;  on  the  central  part  of  the  disk 
the  setae  are  more  hair-like. 

The  inter-coxal  process  of  the  prosternum  is  not  mucronate  in  the 
specimens  at  hand. 

$ . — Abdomen  oblique  to  the  sterna,  rather  feebly  convex  and  quite 
strongly  impressed  on  the  first  two  segments.  The  basal  two  joints  of 
the  protarsi  bear  tufts  of  golden  pubescence  at  tips  beneath ;  basal 
joint  of  the  mesotarsi  bears  a  small  transverse  tuft. 

9  . — As  in  nunenmacheri. 

Frequently  the  apical  tarsal  tufts  are  piceo-fuscous,  but  usually 
become  golden  yellow  after  immersion  in  chloroform. 

Measurements. —  $ — Length,  9.5-11.0  mm.;  width,  4.5-5.0  mm.  9  — 
Length,  12.5  mm. ;  width,  6.5  mm. 

Habitat. — Lake  and  Klamath  Counties,  Oregon ;  Lassen  and 
Modoc  Counties,  California ;  78  specimens  studied. 

Types  $  and  9  in  my  own  collection ;  type  locality,  Lake 
County,  Oregon.  F.  W.  Nunenmacher,  collector.  The  speci- 
mens were  collected  in  May. 

Eleodes  propinqua  n.  sp. 

Ovate,  twice  as  long  as  wide,  distinctly  pubescent  throughout,  densely 
sculptured ;  elytra  moderately  scabrous. 

Head  rather  finely  and  densely  punctate,  feebly  convex.  Antennae  ex- 
tending a  short  distance  beyond  the  base  of  the  pronotum,  slightly 
compressed  and  feebly  dilated  in  the  outer  three  joints,  scarcely  in- 
crassate ;  third  joint  just  the  least  longer  than  the  combined  lengths 
of  the  fourth  and  fifth,  fourth  to  the  seventh  joints  inclusive  subequal 
in  length  and  width,  eighth  triangularly  obconical,  ninth  triangulo- 
oval,  tenth  slightly  wider  than  long,  the  eleventh  short  obovate. 

Pronotum  slightly  wider  than  long,  widest  just  in  advance  of  the 
middle;  disk  moderately  convex,  more  strongly  so  in  the  lateral  thirds, 
closely  and  not  finely  punctate,  intervals  narrow,  feebly  convex  but 
not  rugose,  somewhat  scabrous  laterally;  base  and  apex  subtruncate, 


i66  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

scarcely  margined;  sides  subangulate,  more  or  less  feebly  arcuate  and 
convergent  before  the  middle  to  apex,  somewhat  oblique,  straight  or 
feebly  arcuate  to  the  marked  constriction  posteriorly,  the  latter  about 
or  less  than  one-sixth  of  the  total  pronotal  length;  apical  angles  ob- 
tuse ;  basal  angles  rectangular. 

Proplcura  rather  densely  punctato-rugose  and  submuricate. 

Elytra  oval,  about  one-fourth  longer  than  wide,  widest  at  middle 
third ;  base  truncate,  distinctly  wider  than  the  contiguous  pronotal 
base ;  .humeri  obtuse  and  not  in  the  least  prominent ;  sides  evenly  ar- 
cuate, apex  not  broadly  rounded ;  disk  moderately  convex  on  the  dor- 
sum,  evenly  and  broadly  arcuate  laterally  and  vertically  declivous  pos- 
teriorly ;  surface  densely  sculptured,  punctate-scabrous  centrally  about 
the  suture,  tuberculate  laterally,  tubercles  rather  small,  somewhat  muri- 
civte,  more  strongly  so  on  the  apical  declivity,  each  tubercle  or  punc- 
ture with  a  moderately  long  semi-erect  hair. 

Epiplewa  subscabrous  and  not  strongly  defined  from  the  elytral 
disk. 

Sterna  and  parapleura  shining  and  densely  punctate. 

Abdomen  glabrous  and  shining,  more  or  less  densely  punctate, 
especially  on  the  first  segment  and  basally  on  the  others. 

Legs  moderate  and  rather  slender.  Anterior  tarsi  dissimilar  in  the 
sexes. 

$  . — Somewhat  narrow.  Abdomen  feebly  oblique  to  the  sterna  and 
impressed  at  middle  of  the  first  two  segments.  Protarsi  with  the 
first  two  joints  scarcely  thickened  at  tips  beneath,  each  with  a  tuft  of 
pubescence,  tufts  piceo-flavous,  that  of  the  first  joint  rather  broadly 
truncate,  that  of  the  second  transverse  and  subtruncate ;  first  joint 
of  the  mesotarsi  with  a  small  rounded  and  truncate  tuft  at  tip  be- 
neath. 

9. — Broader  and  ovate.  Abdomen  horizontal.  First  joint  of  the 
protarsi  somewhat  thickened  at  tip,  with  the  apico-marginal  tufts 
of  spinules  contiguous  at  the  median  plane  and  blocking  the  plantar 
groove. 

$  . — Length,  9.5-10.5  mm. ;  width,  4.5-5.0  mm.  9  . — Length,  10.0-12.0 
mm. ;  width,  5.0-6.5  mm. 

Habitat. — Modoc  County,  California.  Collected  May  15, 
1913,  by  F.  W.  Nunenmacher;  52  specimens  studied. 

Types  $  and  9  in  my  own  collection ;  type  locality,  Modoc 
County,  California. 

In  a  single  female  the  joints  of  the  protarsi  are 
wholly  denuded  of  spinules.  The  plantar  grooves  are  not  de- 
fined on  the  first  four  joints,  which  are  evenly  and  smoothly 
convex  from  side  to  side,  the  first  is  subhemispherically  promi- 


Vol.     Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS  l6/ 

nent  in  the  apical  two-thirds;  the  fifth  joint  is  alone  margined 
beneath. 

Proplnqua  is  related  to  caseyi,  from  which  it  differs  in  its 
coarser  sculpturing,  more  strongly  sinuate  sides  of  the  prono- 
tum  and  many  other  details  which  can  be  determined  by  com- 
parison of  the  two  descriptions.  The  elytra  are  noticeably 
pubescent. 

Elcodcs  brci'lsctosa,  nnnenmachcri,  verrucnla  and  pro  pin- 
qua  belong  to  the  subgenus  Blapylis. 

Eleodes  hispilabris  Say,  var.  imitabilis  n.  var. 
Syn.  E.  hispilabris  forma  laez'is. 

Tn  order  to  express  the  relationships  of  the  races  of  his- 
pilabris properly,  it  becomes  necessary  to  consider  the  smooth 
form  (forma  lacz'is)  as  a  race  instead  of  a  forma.  The  origi- 
nal diagnosis  given  in  my  Monograph  of  the  Eleodiini  is  as 
follows : 

Robust,  integuments  decidedly  black,  thick  and  alutaceous,  also  quite 
smooth.  Thorax  rather  large.  Elytra  usually  evenly  convex  from  side 
to  side,  sulci  very  shallow  and  subobsoletely  punctured ;  intervals 
very  feebly  convex  and  with  a  single  row  of  widely  spaced  punctures, 
that  become  minutely  but  distinctly  muricate  laterally  and  on  the 
apical  declivity.  Legs  somewhat  slender. 

Measurements. —  $ — Length,  23.0  mm.;  width,  8.0  mm.  $ — Length, 
23.0-26.0  mm. ;  width,  9.2-10.0  mm. 

iiabitat. — Utah  (Salt  Lake,  June,  Coll.  Hubbard  and 
Schwarz)  ;  Oregon  (The  Dalles);  State  of  Washington 
(Walla  Walla,  Coll.  Chas.  Fuch  and  F.  E.  Blaisdell). 

Types  in  my  own  collection;  type  locality.  The  Dalles,  Ore- 
gon. 

While  there  are  very  close  resemblances  between  the  two 
sexes  as  to  general  form,  a  difference  is  obvious.  The  males  are 
slightly  narrower  and  the  abdomen  less  convex.  E.  liispila- 
bris  forma  elongate  of  the  Monograph  ( Bull.  63,  U.  S. 
Nat.  Mus.)  is  a  variation  of  imitabilis  and  not  of  the  type- 
species.  Its  relationship  may  be  expressed  as  follows : 

E.  hispilabris,  var.  imitabilis,  forma  elongata. 

The  essential  diagnostic  characters  are  as  follows : — General  form 
distinctly  elongate  and  narrower  as  compared  with  the  typical  race. 


:68  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

Integuments  thick,  dull  black  and  alutaceous.  Elytra  sulcate,  but 
less  so  than  in  E.  hispilabris  var.  scnlptilis,  and  slightly  more  so  than 
in  imitabilis.  The  elytral  intervals  are  more  or  less  feebly  convex. 
The  prothorax  is  noticeably  larger  and  the  legs  stouter.  The  general 
form  is  the  same  in  both  sexes, — the  female  is  depressed  on  the 
dorsum  as  in  the  male  and  the  elytra  are  but  slightly  wider  than  those 
of  the  male.  There  is  here  less  sexual  differentiation,  as  has  already 
been  mentioned  in  connection  with  other  species  or  races,  as  E. 
(Blapylis)  ncotomac  for  instance. 
Eleodes  hispilabris  Say,  var.  attenuata  n.  var. 

Elongate,  subfusiform,  shining,  black;  elytra  more  or  less  slightly 
sulcate,  moderately  convex ;  integuments  weak. 

Head  finely  and  sparsely  punctate,  punctures  coarsest  on  the  epis- 
toma  and  finest  on  the  vertex.  Antennae  long  and  as  in  hispilabris. 

Pronotum  widest  at  about  the  middle;  disk  smooth  and  more  or 
less  alutaceous,  moderately  convex,  finely,  very  sparsely  and  irregularly 
punctured,  narrowly  granulate  and  opaque  along  the  marginal  bead ; 
apex  slightly  narrower  than  the  base,  feebly  emarginate  and  obsoletely 
beaded ;  sides  evenly  and  broadly  arcuate,  becoming  slightly  sinuate 
before  the  basal  angles,  which  are  subrectangular,  distinct  but  not  in 
the  least  prominent,  marginal  bead  more  or  less  strong;  base  feebly 
beaded  and  feebly  arcuate;  apical  angles  subacute  and  not  dentiform 
to  moderately  dentiform,  not  or  feebly  everted. 

Propleura  smooth,  subopaque,  finely  punctulate,  and  more  or  less 
feebly  rugulose. 

Elytra  ovato-fusiform,  about  twice  as  long  as  wide,  widest  at  the 
middle;  base  very  feebly  emarginate  and  just  the  least  wider  than  the 
contiguous  base  of  the  pronotum ;  humeri  minutely  dentiform;  sides 
evenly  arcuate,  feebly  and  broadly  sinuate  before  the  apex,  the  latter 
subacute,  slightly  dehiscent  and  the  suture  impressed;  disk  feebly  con- 
vex on  the  dorsum,  broadly  and  rather  evenly  rounded  laterally, 
gradually  and  arcuately  declivous  posteriorly;  surface  more  or  less 
sulcate ;  sulci  shallow  and  with  a  single  row  of  small,  very  closely 
placed  punctures,  intervals  feebly  to  moderately  convex  and  with  a 
single  row  of  widely  spaced  punctures.  The  deflexed  sides  are  more 
coarsely,  irregularly  punctate,  subsulcate  and  more  or  less  asperate. 

Sterna  and  parapleura  more  or  less  finely  punctate. 

Abdomen  more  or  less  glabrous,  finely  and  sparsely  punctate,  punc- 
tures denser  and  rugulose  on  the  first  segment. 

Legs  slender;  profemora  armed.  Tarsi  grooved  and  similar  in  the 
sexes. 

$. — Slender,  fusiform.  Elytral  apex  more  attenuate  and  the  disk 
more  gradually  declivous  on  the  dorsum.  Abdomen  horizontal  and 
feebly  convex. 


Vol.    XXl'x]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS  169 

9  • — Less  elongate,  broader.    Abdomen  more  strongly  convex. 
•Measurements.— $ — Length,  20.5-23.0  mm.;   width,  6.0-6.5  mm.      9- 
Length,  20.0-24.0  mm.;  width,  6.2-7.0  mm. 

Habitat. — Nogales,  Santa  Cruz  County,  Arizona,  August 
and  September,  1906.  Eleven  specimens  studied.  Collected 
by  F.  W.  Nunenmacher. 

Types  in  my  own  collection;  type  locality,  Nogales,  Arizona. 

Attenuata  can  be  recognized  by  its  smoother  sculpturing, 
more  attenuate  and  fusiform  body. 


Some  Bees  of  the  Genus  Panurginus  (Hym.). 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL,  Boulder,  Colorado. 
It  is  a  remarkable  thing  that  the  northern  genus  Panurginus 
has  penetrated  to  Southern  South  America ;  while  Pcrdita,  so 
rich  in  species  in  our  southwest,  appears  to  be  wholly  absent 
from  the  South  American  desert  regions. 

Panurginus  callurus  sp.  n. 

—Length  nearly  5  mm.,  with  broad  abdomen;  head  and  thorax 
black,  abdomen  clear  orange-ferruginous,  without  hair-bands  ;  flagellum 
short,  bright  ferruginous  beneath,  darker  above;  mandibles  bright  fer- 
ruginous, with  the  apex  broadly  black;  hair  of  head  and  thorax  whit- 
ish, scanty,  abundant  on  postscutellum  ;  facial  quadrangle  much  broader 
than  long ;  head  and  thorax  shining  and  finely  punctured,  the  mesothorax 
and  scutellum  polished  ;  eyes  gray ;  tegulae  light  rufo-testaceous  ;  wings 
hyaline,  nervures  and  stigma  testaceous;  b.  n.  falling  far  short  of  t.  m. ; 
base  of  metathorax  with  irregular  plicae,  and  the  surface  microscopi- 
cally reticulate;  legs  ferruginous,  the  anterior  femora  dusky;  scopa  of 
hind  tibiae  loose,  of  simple  curved  hairs,  which  are  microscopically  an- 
nulate; hind  basitarsus  about  as  long  as  the  other  joints  together,  and 
much  broader;  claws  cleft;  abdomen  with  very  little  hair  except  at 
apex.  The  stigma  is  smaller  than  in  P.  vagabiindus. 

Carcarana,  Argentina  (L.  firnncr  76).  United  States  Na- 
tional Museum.  Easily  kno\vn  by  the  red  abdomen.  P.  mft- 
t'cntris  Friese  has  also  a  red  abdomen,  but  the  head  and 
thorax  are  dark  blue.  It  is  from  Mexico. 

Panurginus  vagabundus  sp.  n. 

5. — Length  about  5  mm.,  anterior  wing  4;  black,  the  hind  margins  of 
the  abdominal  segments  rather  obscurely  ra-.taneous  ;  pubescence  scanty, 
whitish;  eyes  slaty  black;  clypeus  pale  lemon  yellow  \\ith  two  dark 


I/O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [May,     '  1 8 

dots,  the  surface  rugoso-punctate,  not  polished;  mandibles  rufescent; 
labrum  black,  polished  and  shining:  facial  quadrangle  about  as  broad 
as  long;  flagellum  bright  ferruginous  beneath,  reaching  as  far  as  base 
of  wings;  mesothorax  and  scutellum  shining,  finely  punctured;  base 
of  metathorax  rugulose,  dull,  with  feeble  plicae;  tubercles  faintly  red- 
dish or  wholly  black;  tegulae  rufotestaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  very 
faintly  dusky  apically ;  nervures  and  the  large  stigma  ferruginous ;  b.  n. 
falling  a  little  short  of  t.  m. ;  knees  pale  yellowish;  anterior  tibiae  in 
front,  and  their  tarsi,  light  reddish  ;  the  other  tarsi  whitish  on  outer 
side  and  light  ferruginous  on  inner;  abdomen  shining,  finely  punctured, 
without  hair-bands.  Claws  cleft;  hairs  on  hind  tibiae  delicately  plu- 
mose. 

• 

Carcarana,  Argentina  (L.  Bruner,  40  and  72.)  United 
States  National  Museum.  This  is  separated  from  its  nearest 
relatives  as  follows,  the  table  based  on  males : 

Legs   black    i. 

Legs  partly  yellow  or  pale  reddish 2. 

1.  Clypeus  yellow saltensis  Friese. 

Clypeus  white   aeneiventris  Friese. 

2.  Tubercles  yellow,  wings  dark   steinbachi  Friese. 

Tubercles  not  yellow,  wings  clear   vagabundus  Ckll. 

In  Meadow  Valley,  northern  Mexico,  Prof.  C.  H.  T.  Town- 
send  took  three  species  of  Pamirgimts.  One  is  the  Rocky 
Mountain  P.  bakcrl  Ckll.,  while  the  other  two  are  new. 

Panurginus  nitescens  sp.  n. 

9 . — Length  a  little  over  7  mm. ;  shining  black,  with  scant}'  pale  hair ; 
eyes  obscure  green ;  clypeus  polished,  with  large  distinctly  separated 
punctures,  and  a  faintly  indicated  median  groove;  antennae  black;  an 
irnpunctate  area  on  each  side  of  the  ocelli ;  mesothorax  polished,  with 
distinct  but  widely  scattered  punctures  ;  area  of  metathorax  rugosopli- 
cate,  with  a  prominent  smooth  shining  rim ;  tegulae  dark,  with  a  large 
reddish  spot ;  wings  clear,  nervures  and  stigma  dull  rather  pale  red- 
dish ;  legs  black,  with  pale  hair ;  spurs  ferruginous ;  abdomen  shining, 
hind  margins  of  segments  2  to  4  broadly  reddish. 

Meadow  Valley,  Mexico  (Toivnscnd}.  United  States  Na- 
tional Museum.  This  species  is  best  distinguished  by  com- 
parison with  several  others  which  it  greatly  resembles,  as 

follows : 

Middle  of  flagellum  bright  rufous  beneath;   wings  brownish, 

perlaei'is  Ckll. 

Flagellum  not  thus  marked;  wings  clear,  or   (Birred)   slightly  dusky..  I. 


Vol.   xxix")  ENTOMOLOIIU  Ai.    .\K\vs  I/I 

1.  Second  s.  m.  narrowed   fully  half  above,   first  r.   n.   joining  second 

s.  m.  much  more  than  twice  as  far  from  base  as  second  r.  n.  from 
apex;  mesothorax  very  smooth,  without  conspicuous  punctin 

pic  red  Crawl". 

Second  s.  m.  not  thus  narrowed  above,  first  r.  n.  joining  second  s. 
m.  nearer  base  (especially  in  innuptns)  ;  mesothorax  distinctly 
punctured  2. 

2.  Area  of  metathorax  without  a  shiny  rim;  tegulae  testaceous. 

iiuntptus  Ckll. 

Area  of  metathorax  with  a  shiny  rim;  tegulae  reddish   fuscous. 

nitcsccns   Ckll. 
Panurginus  planatus  sp.  n. 

$  . — Length  about  6  mm. ;  slender,  black ;  quadrate  spot  on  labrum, 
large  spot  at  bast  of  mandibles,  clypeus  entirely,  lateral  face-marks 
(pointed  above  at  an  angle  of  about  50  deg.),  a  lobe  on  inner  side  of 
lateral  marks  (representing  part  of  dog-ear  marks)  and  lower  part  of 
supraclypeal  area  (pointed  above),  all  pale  yellow;  the  yellow  patch  on 
labrum  is  the  process,  which  is  broadly  truncate,  slightly  emarginate, 
with  a  submarginal  row  of  black  spots;  pubescence  scanty  and  pale: 
antennae  long,  black;  mesothorax  polished,  with  strong  punctures; 
area  of  metathorax  with  strong  plicae,  more  or  less  branching,  hue 
without  a  shining  rim;  knees  broadly,  tibiae  at  apex,  anterior  tibiae 
in  front,  and  the  basitarsi,  light  yellow;  tegulae  rufopiceous:  wings 
dusky,  nervures  and  stigma  fuscous ;  abdomen  shining,  sixth  ventral 
segment  with  a  large  median  depression. 

Meadow  Valley,  Mexico,  September  (Townsend.)  United 
States  National  Museum.  Related  to  P.  concinnus  Fox,  but 
especially  to  P.  rudbeckiae  Rob.  The  three  are  separated 
thus: 

Flagellum  pale  testaceous  beneath,  .concinnus  Fox  (Lower  California). 

Flagellum   dark    i. 

i.  Clypeus  with  a  strong  median   sulcus    ..rudbeckiae  Rob.    (Illinois). 
Clypeus  without  such  a  sulcus   pinna  tits  Ckll. 


Membership   in   the    Association    of    Economic    Biologists. 

EDITOR.  EXTOMOI.OC.K-.M.  XI-AVS:  I  beg  to  inform  you  that  at  a  recent 
meeting  of  the  Council  of  this  Association  it  was  decided  to  cancel 
the  rule  limiting  its  membership  to  those  of  British  nationality.  As 
foreign  members  will,  therefore,  have  the  same  privileges  as  Britisli 
ones,  including  the  right  to  receive  the  sliinals  nf  .Implied  /.V.'/ri/v  for 
the  annual  subscription  of  £i.  i.  o.  (which  is  sold  to  the  public  at 
25  sh.),  the  fact  may  possibly  be  of  some  interest  to  readers  of  your 
journal. — S.  A.  NEAVK.  Honorary  Secretary.  S<),  (Jneen's  Gate,  Lon- 
don, S.  W.  7. 


172  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

New  Species  of  Lopidea  from  Arizona  (Hemip. 

Miridae).* 
By  HARRY  H.  KNIGHT,  Ithaca,  New  York. 

( Plate  X.) 

The  writer  did  considerable  collecting  in  Arizona,  while 
with  the  Cornell  Biological  Expedition,  and  in  the  present 
paper  gives  the  results  of  his  studies  on  the  species  of  Lopidea 
taken  in  that  region.  This  interesting  genus  presents  a  num- 
ber of  species  having  great  similarity  of  coloration  and  gen- 
eral form  but  with  very  distinct  genital  structures,  characters 
which  must  be  used  if  we  are  to  determine  the  species  con- 
sistently. 
Lopidea  arizonae  new  species  (Plate  X,  Fig.  1). 

Suggestive  of  marginata  but  much  larger  and  with  bright 
red  on  the  basal  half  of  the  pronotum :  genital  claspers  dis- 
tinctive of  the  species. 

$ .  Length  7  mm.,  width  2.3  mm.  Head  white,  the  sutures,  sides 
of  tylus,  heavy  bar  each  side  of  the  median  line  of  the  front  and  the 
base  of  the  head  black;  rostrum  blackish  with  pale  on  the  first  seg- 
ment, eyes  brownish  to  black ;  antennae  black,  second  segment  linear. 
Pronotum  with  the  basal  half  bright  red,  shining,  narrow  basal  margin 
fuscous,  anterior  margin  white,  calli  black.  Scutellum  fuscous,  pale 
median  stripe  on  the  apical  half.  Hemelytra  dark  red  shaded  with 
fuscous,  more  red  bordering  the  embolium  and  on  the  inner  half  of 
the  cuneus ;  embolium  and  outer  margin  of  the  cuneus  ivory  white ; 
fine  pale  pubescence  with  short  black  bristles  on  the  white  embolium  ; 
membrane  fuscous.  Coxae  and  femora  more  or  less  pale  and  marked 
with  fuscous  and  black ;  femora  fuscous  on  the  front  margin  with  a 
row  of  black  dots  beneath  and  usually  two  rows  on  the  upper  side, 
tibiae  and  tarsi  black.  Venter  marked  transversely  with  alternating 
bands  of  fuscous,  reddish  and  pale. 

9 .  Very  similar  to  the  male  in  coloration,  only  more  robust,  the 
pale  color  more  extended  on  the  venter. 

This  species  was  taken  by  the  writer  on  Robinia  ncomc.vi- 
cana  in  Post  Creek  canyon  near  Bonita,  Arizona.  It  occurs 
apparently  in  several  mountain  ranges  of  Arizona  at  altitudes 
of  6000  to  7500  feet. 

*  Contribution  from  the  Department  of  Entomology  of  Cornell 
University. 


Vol.    Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS 

Holotype — $,  July  16,  1917,  near  Bonita,  Arizona  (H.  H. 
Knight)  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allotypc — Taken  with  the  type. 

Paratypcs — 3  $  ,  22  2  ,  topotypic;  2  $  .  I  9  ,  July  2~] ,  Sa- 
bino  Canyon,  altitude  7800  feet,  Mt.  Lemon,  Santa  Catalina 
Mountains,  Arizona  (H.  H.  Knight).  $  9,  July  29,  Hua- 
chuca  Mountains,  Arizona  (H.  G.  Barber  V  14  $  9  .  Arizona 
(H.  K.  Morrison,  1883,  Cornell  Collection).  $,  June  15, 
Jemez  Springs,  New  Mexico  (Woodgate). 

Lopidea  apache  new  species    (Plate  X,   Fig.  2). 

Very  similar  in  general  appearance  to  arizona  but  differs  in 
having  the  anterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  more  reddish  and 
the  basal  half  of  the  disk  more  fuscous;  male  more  reddish, 
including  the  embolium  and  cuneus. 

$.  Length  6.8  mm.,  width  2.1  mm.  Head  nearly  as  in  arizona  but 
with  the  black  on  the  tylus  and  front  more  extended.  Pronotum  deep 
dull  red,  calli  black,  the  disk  somewhat  darkened  with  fuscous.  Hem- 
elytra  as  in  ariznna,  but  all  white  of  the  embolium,  cuneus  and  scu- 
tellum  replaced  by  red.  Legs  more  fuscous  and  sides  of  the  venter 
with  more  red  than  in  arizona;  genital  claspers  distinctive  of  the 
species  (fig.  2). 

9  .  Length  7.2  mm.,  width  2.3  mm.  Hemelytra  with  more  fuscous 
than  red,  embolium  and  outer  half  of  the  cuneus  pale,  inner  half  of 
the  cuneus  red  ;  disk  of  the  pronotum  having  the  red  darkened  with 
fuscous,  anterior  margin  more  pale  with  reddish. 

This  species  was  taken  in  company  with  arizonae  on  Robinia 
ncomc.vicana  and  at  the  time  was  thought  to  be  the  same  spe 
cies.     It  is  possible  that  apache  was  merely  attracted  to  the 
plant  to  feed  on  the  flowers  and  does  not  breed  there. 

Holotype — $,  July  16,  1917,  near  Bonita.  Arizona  (If.  H. 
Knight)  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allotypc — Taken  with  the  type. 

Paratypcs— 6   <3  ,  31    9  ,  taken  with  the  types. 

Lopidea  navajo  new  species   (Plate   X.   Fig.   ::). 

Very  similar  to  apache  but  slightlv  smaller,  darker  colored 
and  with  less  red;  male  genital  claspers  distinctive  of  the 
species. 


i/4  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [May,    '18 

$.  Length  6.5  mm.,  width  1.9  mm.  Head  marked  nearly  as  in 
arizona,  but  the  pale  areas  more  yellowish.  Pronotum  with  the  disk 
more  fuscous  than  reddish,  the  anterior  margin  pale  yellowish  and  not 
conspicuously  white  as  in  arlznna.  Scutellum  and  hemelytra  mostly 
dark  fuscous  as  in  apache,  but  the  embolium  and  more  than  half  of 
the  white,  claval  suture  margined  with  pale.  Legs  and  venter  nearly 
as  in  arizona. 

9 .  Very  similar  to  the  male  in  coloration  and  only  slightly  more 
robust. 

This  species  was  found  breeding  abundantly  on  Robinia 
nconic.vicana  near  Williams,  Arizona.  The  writer  has  never 
seen  any  species  of  Lopidca  so  abundant  as  was  this  one  on  the 
trees  of  R.  neomexicana  around  the  camping  grounds  set 
aside  in  the  forest  preserve  two  miles  west  of  Williams. 
Nymphs  as  well  as  adults  were  taken  clustered  on  the  tender 
flower  shoots  where  they  preferred  to  feed.  Strangely  enough 
L.  arisonac  was  not  taken  here  though  the  botanists  determined 
the  trees  as  identical  with  those  from  which  arisonac  was  taken 
at  Bonita. 

Holotypc — $,  August  4,  1917,  Williams,  Arizona  (H.  H. 
Knight)  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allotypc — Taken  with  the  type. 

Parat\pes — Numerous  specimens  taken  with  the  types. 

Lopidea  lateralis  new  species   (Plate  X.   Fig.  4). 

$  .  Length  5.9  mm.,  width  2  mm.  Black,  the  embolium  and  onter 
half  of  the  cuneus  ivory  white.  Pronotum  with  the  side  margins  of 
the  disk  strongly  margined,  narrowly  pale;  basal  angles  of  the  disk 
and  posterior  half  of  the  sides  orange  red:  extreme  base  of  the  corium 
and  the  articulations  brownish  to  orange.  Second  antennal  segment 
slightly  thicker  at  the  base,  tapering  gradually  to  the  apex ;  genital 
claspers  (fig.  4)  distinctive  of  the  species. 

9 .  Length  6  mm.,  width  2  mm.  Very  similar  to  the  male  in  col- 
oration. A  few  females  have  the  membrane  much  abbreviated,  ab- 
ruptly rounded  and  scarcely  reaching  over  the  tip  of  the  venter 
(length  4.7  mm.,  width  2  mm.). 

This  species  was  swept  from  a  wild  raspberry  (Rnbiis  sp.) 
and  a  few  from  flowering  herbaceous  plants  growing  on  the 
slopes  of  Mt.  Lemon  at  an  altitude  of  7800  feet. 

Holotype — £,  July  27,  1017,  Sabino  Canyon,  altitude  7800 


Vol.     Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     XKVVS  1/5 

feet,  Mt.  Lemon.  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  Arizona  (  H.  H. 
Knight)  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allotypc — Taken  with  the  type. 

Paratypcs—26  $  ,  I?  9  ,  topotypic;  $  ,  August  4,  \Yilliams, 
Arizona  (  H.  H.  Knight).  3  $.1  9,  Arizona  (H.  K.  Morri- 
son, 1883,  Cornell  Collection). 

Lopidea  garryae  new  species  (Plate  X,  Fig.  5). 

A  small  fuscous  form  having  some  of  the  color  characters 
of  nigridca  but  differs  in  several  respects;  genital  claspers  dis- 
tinctive of  the  species. 

$.  Length  5.1  mm.,  width  1.5  mm.  Fuscous,  the  head  and  anten- 
nae black,  legs  fuscous  to  blackish;  bordering  the  front  of  the  eyes, 
sometimes  the  sides  of  the  face,  sides  and  front  margin  of  the  pro- 
notum,  dull  pale  yellowish.  Hemelytra  and  scutellum  fuscous,  emho- 
liuin  and  frequently  the  base  of  the  clavus  and  corium  pale  yellowish 
to  reddish  brown ;  cuneus  reddish,  membrane  fuscous.  Venter  fus- 
cous with  reddish  on  the  sides. 

9.  Length  5  mm.,  width  1.6  mm.  Very  similar  to  the  male,  the 
embolium  paler  with  the  head  and  venter  more  blackish. 

This  species  was  found  breeding  on  Garr\a  icric/htii  in  Post 
Creek  Canyon,  altitude  7000  feet,  near  Bonita,  Arizona. 

Holotypc — $,  July  16,  1917,  near  Bonita,  Arizona  (H.  II. 
Knight)  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allntypc — Taken  with  the  type. 

Paratypes — 5    $  ,  2    9  ,  taken  with  the  types. 

Lopidea  lepidii  new  species  (Plate  X,  Fig.  6). 

Very  similar  to  media  in  size  and  coloration  but  differing 
distinctly  in  the  structure  of  the  male  genital  claspers. 

$.  Length  52  mm.,  width  1.7  mm.  Head  and  antennae  black,  juga. 
lorae,  genae  and  bordering  the  eyes  yellowish  to  reddish :  second  an 
tennal  segment  nearly  linear.  Thorax,  hemelytra  and  venter  bright 
red,  with  the  calli,  scutellmn.  sternum,  apical  half  of  the  clavus  and 
inner  half  of  the  corium  darkened  with  fuscous.  Legs  dark  fuscous 
to  blackish;  genital  claspers  (fig.  6)  distinctive  of  the  species. 

9.  Length  5.6  mm.,  width  i.Q  mm.  Slightly  more  robust  than  the 
male,  the  red  color  more  of  an  orange.  Thi<  sptcies  has  vrry  rarely 
if  ever  the  white  embolium  so  frequent  in  media. 

Hnlotypc — $,  July  17,  1017.  near  Bonita,  Arizona  (TT.  TT. 
Knight)  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  |  May,    'iS 

Allotyfie — Taken  with  the  type. 

Paratypcs — Numerous  specimens  taken  with  the  types.  14 
$  9  ,  Arizona  (H.  K.  Morrison,  1883,  Cornell  Collection).  $  . 
July  13,  Palmer  Lake;  3  $  ,  July  31,  Ridgway ;  $  ,  June  10, 
Fort  Lupton,  Colorado. 

The  writer  found  the  species  breeding  on  Lcpldiuiu  thnrbcri 
which  was  growing  around  the  adobe  ruins  of  old  Fort  Gra- 
ham, near  Bonita,  Arizona.  A  short  distance  away  was  found 
an  extensive  growth  of  the  same  plant  as  determined  by  the 
botanists  on  the  expedition,  which  was  abundantly  infested  by 
Lygus  clisus  V.  D.,  but  no  specimens  of  Lopidea  lepidii  were 
to  be  found.  It  would  seem  from  this  that  the  species  breeds 
only  in  favored  spots. 

The  writer  has  seen  specimens  of  both  media  and  lepidii 
irom  Colorado  where  the  species  appear  to  overlap.  In  the 
eastern  States  there  is  only  one  species  that  could  be  taken  for 
media  Say,  it  having  the  inner  hook  on  the  right  clasper  very 
long  and  more  slender  than  in  lepidii,  the  same  clasper  having 
also  near  the  tip  a  distinct  dorsal  projection  with  five  or  six 
serrate  teeth  at  the  top. 

Lopidea  minima  new  species  (Plate  X,  Fig.  1}. 

Very  small,  reddish  with  fuscous  and  black,  resembling 
media  in  coloration;  genital  claspers  distinctive  of  the  specu-s. 

$.  Length  3.8  mm.,  width  1.4  mm.  Black,  the  basal  half  of  the 
pronotum  orange  to  red ;  hemelytra  red,  bordering  the  commissure, 
membrane  and  scutellum,  fuscous. 

Holotyl>c — <?  .  July  23,  1917.  Sabino  Canyon,  altitude  5500 
feet,  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  Arizona  (H.  H.  Knight)  ;  Cor- 
nell University  Collection. 

Paratypes — $  ,  topotypic.  2  $,  Arizona  (H.  K.  Morrison. 
1883,  Cornell  Collection). 

The  writer  took  the  species  on  C  our  set  la  microphylla  which 
is  probably  the  food  plant.  At  that  date  the  species  was  not  in 
season,  the  two  specimens  taken  probably  being  stragglers  of 

the  brood. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  X. 

Male  genital  claspers  of  Lopidea.  A,  left  clasper,  dorsal  aspect. 
B,  right  clasper,  dorsal  aspect.  C,  right  clasper,  posterior  aspect. 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  X. 


A 


\~.  apacVie 


VAoXeraXXs 


NEW     LOPIDEAE    FROM     ARIZONA. -KNIGHT. 


Vol.    XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS 

A  New  Muscoid  Genus  from  the  Chiricahua  Moun- 
tains, Arizona  (Dip.). 

By  CHAKI.KS  H.  T.  TOWNSEND,  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Entomology, 

Washington,  D.  C. 

On  August  4,  1917,  while  seeking  shelter  in  a  shallow  cave 
under  overhanging  rock  walls  of  South  Fork  Cave  Creek, 
Chiricahua  Mts.,  Arizona,  at 'an  altitude  of  about  5500  feet,  the 
writer  found  a  single  female  of  a  very  remarkable  fly  resting 
on  the  roof  of  a  pocket  at  one  end  of  the  cave.  Diligent  search 
made  subsequently  in  similar  situations  failed  to  disclose  addi- 
tional specimens.  The  reproductive  system  was  extracted  and 
proves  the  fly  to  belong  to  one  of  the  Calirrhoid  groups,  as 
indicated  by  the  external  head  characters. 

CHIRICAHUIA  new  genus. 

Head  in  profile  nearly  twice  as  high  as  its  length,  in  front 
view  almost  as  wide  as  its  height.  Eyes  proportionately  small, 
thinly  but  distinctly  hairy,  extending  about  as  low  as  tips  of 
antennae  or  about  two-thirds'  way  to  vibrissae.  Lower  profile 
of  head  rounded,  bulged  downward.  Yibrissal  axis  equal  to 
antennal  axis.  Clypeus  broad,  rather  elongate-oval  in  outline, 
widened  below,  in  nearly  same  plane  throughout,  feebly  cari- 
nate  on  upper  half.  Epistoma  in  front  view  very  short  and 
restricted,  in  same  plane  with  clypeus,  not  produced,  about 
level  with  vibrissae.  Facialia  widely  separated,  only  slightly 
curved  inward  below,  with  sparse  downwardly-directed  bris- 
tles on  lowest  third,  the  vibrissae  widely  separated  and  a  little 
longer  than  the  bristles  below  them.  Proboscis  very  short,  less 
than  one-third  head-height.  Palpi  reaching  nearly  to  end  of 
proboscis,  moderately  stout,  subcyhndrical.  Antennae  inserted 
far  above  eye-middle,  extending  scarcely  over  half  way  to  oral 
margin,  second  joint  but  little  elongate,  third  joint  about  two 
and  one-half  times  length  of  second  and  of  even  width.  Arista 
hare,  basal  joints  short,  inserted  nearly  half  way  down  third 
antenna!  joint.  Front  very  broad,  taking  up  nearly  half  the 
head-width  at  vertex,  widening  anterior! v.  srnreelv  as  long  as 
its  average  width.  Parafrontalia  averaging  somewhat  broader 
than  frontalia.  narrowing  posteriorly  l;nmi;il  bristles  descend- 
ing to  base  of  third  anieimal  joint.  <  >ul<T  vertical  well  devel- 


178  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS  [^lay,     'l8 


oped,  directed  strongly  outward  and  a  little  forward.  Three 
proclinate  fronto-orbitals,  the  hind  one  directed  more  outward 
and  representing  the  ordinary  reclinate  pair,  a  very  small  one 
between  the  front  two  and  some  microchaetae  outside.  Front- 
alia  extended  into  narrow  divergent  prongs  behind,  the  ocellar 
area  occupying  half  their  length.  (  )cellars  present,  proclinate. 
Parafacialia  rather  broad,  averaging  about  one-third  width  of 
clypeus,  with  row  of  downwardly-directed  bristles  along  front 
edge,  this  row  paralleled  on  lower  halt"  by  a  short  row  behind  it 
near  lower  end  of  eye.  Cheeks  almost  as  wide  as  eye-length, 
nearly  as  wide  as  vibrissal  axis.  Occiput  broadly  bulged  be- 
hind eyes.  Occiput  and  cheeks  sparsely  clothed  with  short 
bristles. 

Two  sternopleurals,.  three  postsuturals.  Four  marginal  pairs 
of  scutellars,  the  apical  pair  slightly  longest.  No  costal  spine. 
third  vein  bristled  about  half  its  length,  other  veins  bare. 
Apical  cell  narrow,  attenuate  on  distal  third,  open,  ending  in 
wing-tip,  the  fourth  vein  only  gently  sinuate,  the  third  vein 
curved  strongly  backward  distally.  Hind  crossvein  straight, 
nearer  to  small  crossvein  than  to  cubitus.  Tegulae  smaller 
than  average.  Legs  short,  front  tarsi  but  little  wider  than 
others. 

Abdomen  of  four  segments,  the  last  two  segments  a  little 
longer  than  the  first  two  ;  without  macrochaetae,  with  only 
bristly  hairs  which  are  a  little  longer  and  more  erect  on  anal 
segment. 

Chiricahuia  cavicola  new  species. 

One  female,  in  small  cave  in  rock  cliffs  of  South  Fork  Cave 
Creek,  Chiricahua  Alts..  Arizona,  5500  feet,  August  4.  IQI/ 
(Townsend).  Holotype,  No.  21580,  U.  S.  N.  M.,  TD.  5130. 

Length  of  body,  5  mm.:  of  wing,  4.5  mm.  Lemon-yellow;  the  ab- 
domen, mesoscutum,  scutellum,  tibiae  and  tarsi  brown  ;  the  pleurae, 
antennae  and  palpi  light  rufous.  Frontalia  brownish-rufous.  Ptilinal 
suture  conspicuously  brown.  Wing  veins  yellow,  a  small  slight  cloud 
at  stigma;  hind  crossvein  conspicuously  clouded,  also  second,  third 
and  fourth  veins  evenly  so  on  apical  fifth  of  wing.  Tegulae  watrrv 
white.  Tn  some  lights  ihe  abdomen  and  scutellum  appear  yellow  and 
the  mesoscutum  polished  black. 

This  strange  fly  appears  to  belong  in  or  near  the  Melano- 
phorinae,  and  may  be  parasitic  in  some  cave-frequenting  host. 


Vol.    Xxixj  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  1/9 

The  Anthomyid  Genus  Pogonomyia  (Dip.)-* 

By  J.  M.  ALDRICH,  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Entomology.  West 
Lafayette,  Indiana. 

The  genus  Pogonomyia  was  established  by  Rondani  in  1870 
(Bull.  Soc.  Ttal.,  ii,  336,  xxiii)  for  a  single  species,  alplcola, 
v.  Inch  was  designated  as  type ;  it  came  f  rom  Mont  Cenis  in 
the  Alps.  The  main  characters  are  repeated  by  Van  der  \Vulp, 
Biologia,  Dipt.,  ii,  334,  1896,  and  by  Meade,  Desc.  List.  Br. 
Anth.,  London,  1897,  p.  29.  I  translate  tlic  entire  description 
from  Rondani's  Prodomus  Dipt.  Ital.,  vi,  37,  1877: 

"Eyes  bare,  almost  contiguous  on  the  front  in  male.  Front  prom- 
inent. Oral  margin,  especially  at  the  sides  of  the  epistoma,  with  dense 
erect  beard.  Antennae  short,  the  second  segment  with  rather  long 
setulae ;  arista  nearly  bare.  The  hind  calypter  a  little  longer  than  the 
front  one.  Anterior  crossvein  directly  behind  the  tip  of  the  first  vein  ; 
sixth  vein  rather  long  but  not  reaching  the  margin.  Front  and  middle 
femora  of  ordinary  structure,  the  hind  ones  with  a  row  of  setae  below; 
middle  tibiae  with  setae  behind  and  on  outer  side;  hind  tibiae  some- 
what incurved  toward  tip.  Apex  of  abdomen  setose  but  not  densely 
villous." 

Dziedzicki  and  Schnabl  (Die  Anthomyiden,  1911,  196)  ad- 
mit several  rather  divergent  species,  so  that  the  genus  in  their 
conception  is  difficult  to  define ;  they  recognize  two  subgenera, 
Pogonomyia  and  Pogonomyiclla. 

Stein,  in  his  classic  work  on  North  American  Anthomyidae 
(Berl.  Ent.  Zeitsch.,  xiii,  1897,  169,  170)  mentioned  two  spe- 
cies found  in  the  N.  A.  collections  sent  him.  The  first,  from 
Idaho,  he  identified  doubtfully  as  alpicola,  a  species  with  which 
he  was  not  acquainted  ;  the  other  he  recognized  only  in  two 
females  and  did  not  describe.  As  I  furnished  the  Idaho  ma- 
terial, most  of  it  was  returned  to  me,  and  I  collected  more 
specimens  in  the  West  in  later  years.  Only  a  couple  of  years 
ago  I  sent  some  to  Professor  Bezzi.  and  he  informed  me  that 
they  were  not  the  European  alplcola,  and  sent  me  a  pair  of 
the  latter  to  support  his  opinion.  Later  1  found  nlpicoln  in 
Colorado. 

*  Published   by   permission   of   the   Chief  of  Bureau. 


i8o 


ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS 


[May,    '18 


Van  der  \Yulp  described  (he.  cit.}  a  Pogonomyia  aterrima 
from  northern  Mexico  (Ciudad  Durango,  8100  feet)  ;  as  his 
description  agrees  and  I  have  the  northern  species  from  as  far 
south  as  Southern  California,  there  is  no  reason  to  question 
that  aterrima  is  the  same  as  the  Idaho  species.  I  redescribe 
it  farther  on. 

Stein's  other  North  American  species  was  even  more  un- 
fortunate, as  he  described  the  male  in  the  same  paper  under 
the  name  Spilogaster  nitcns  (p.  199)  ;  quite  recently,  more-' 
over,  one  of  the  females  with  Stein's  label  "Pogonomyia  n.  sp." 
came  under  the  eye  of  Mr.  Malloch,  and  as  he  had  the  male  he 
described  the  species  under  the  name  Pououom\ia  flavincr~'is. 
This  synonymy  I  made  out  from  the  type  of  nitcns  (which, 
by  the  way,  is  from  Toronto  and  not  Massachusetts  as  Stein 
gives  it)  ;  it  has  been  rubbed  on  the  most  accessible  side  of  the 
head,  and  consequently  does  not  show  as  many  bristles  on  the 
epistoma  as  is  characteristic  of  the  genus,  which  doubtles 
plains  the  mistake. 

Generic  Characters.  ^Ificola  shows  the  following  charac- 
ters /'/;  both  se.ves,  which  I  consider  of  generic  importance  (  see 
figure  of  head)  : 

Entirely  shining  or  subshining  black  color;  epistoma  strongly 

produced  and  upturned,  the 
vibrissae  above  the  lower 
edge  of  the  head ;  bucca  and 
back  of  head  with  abundant 
long  bushy  hairs ;  sides  of 
epistoma  with  bushy  hairs, 
some  of  which  are  directed 
upward;  para  facial  wide: 
front  prominent,  antennae 
short,  the  arista  nearly 
bare;  eyes  bare;  acrostirh- 
als  merely  hairs  except  the 
hindmost  pair;  calypters  un- 

Pogonomyia  alpicola  -H<>n,l  of  M;I|,,.  CM  |  IKll ,    the   hilld     OIKS    father 

strongly    projecting    behind    the    front    ones;    halteres    black; 
scutellum   bare   below;   dorsum    of     abdomen     hcarim--   rather 


Vol.     XXIX]  ro.MoLoCICAL     NEWS  l8l 

numerous  long,  slender,  upright  bristles,  irregularly  ar- 
ranged except  a  row  along  the  hind  edge  of  each  segment; 
hind  tibia  bearing  among  others  a  ro\v  of  strong  bristles  down 
the  inner  hind  side;  no  costal  spine;  third  and  fourth,  veins  al- 
most parallel;  sixth  vein  well  developed  at  base,  becoming 
evanescent  and  disappearing  at  about  two-thirds  the  distance 
to  the  margin. 

The  male  has  a  narrow  front  and  the  female  has  cruciate 
'frontals  ;  but  these  are  less  important  characters  than  some  at 
least  of  the  preceding'  list. 

Schnabl  and  Dziedzicki  include  two  species  with  yellow  hal- 
teres, one  with  plumose  arista,  one  with  wide  front  in  male. 
\Ye  are  not  concerned  with  these  at  present.  The  four  species 
herein  treated  agree  very  well  in  characters,  and  unquestionably 
belong  together.  The  genus  belongs  to  Phaoninae.  differing 
from  Phaonia  mainly  in  the  protuberant  epistoma  with  up- 
curved  bristles,  the  black  halteres  and  the  general  intense  black- 
color.  Most  Phaonias  have  hairy  eyes,  and  none  of  the  forty 
species  in  my  collection  has  black  halteres. 

Table  of  Species.     Male  and  Female. 

1.  Parafacial  as  wide  as  the  length  of  the  third  antennal  joint;    front 

tibia  with  4  bristles  on  outer  hind  side  in  male,  3  in  female.... 2 

Parafacial    narrower    than    length    of    third    antennal    joint;    front 

tibia  with  2  bristles  on  outer  hind  side  (rarely  3  in  female)  ...  .3 

2.  Front  of  male  twiee  as   wide  as  distance   between  hind   ocelli ;   mid 

basitarsus  with  two  rows  of  stont  spines  below,  which  in  the 
male  are  longer  than  the  width  of  the  joint,  in  the  female  not 

quite    so    long     (  Colorado ) spinitarsis  n.  sp. 

Front  of  male  not  as  wide  as  the  distance  between  the  hind  ocelli, 
mid  basitarsus  in  both  sexes  without  unusual  spines  (Europe. 
Colorado)  alpicola  Ron  dan  i 

3.  Eastern  species  (Ontario  to  Wisconsin  and  Illinois)  ;  parafacials  sur- 

passing the  width  but  not  equaling  the  length  of  the  third  anten- 
nal joint;  palpi  elongate;  wings  yellow,  especially  the  veins; 
abdomen  in  male  brownish-gray  pollinose  with  narrow  median 

black  stripe    nitens  Stein 

Western  species  (  llritish  Columbia  to  Mexico  and  Colorado);  para- 
facials  as  wide  as  third  antennal  joint;  palpi  usually  not  elon- 
gate; wings  infuscatcd;  abdomen  subshining  black, 

aterrima  Van   der  \Vulp 


1 82  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [May,    'l8 

Pogonomyia  aterrima  V.  d.  Wulp. 

Van  der  Wulp,  Biologia,  Dipt.,  ii,  334,  1896. 
Stein,  Berl.  Ent.  Zeitsch.,  xiii,  169,  1897  (?  alpicola). 
$.  (First  see  generic  characters  and  table  of  species  above.) 
\Yholly  black,  mostly  subshining.  Front  only  slightly  protuberant  be- 
low, at  the  narrowest  above  about  as  wide  as  the  distance  between 
the  hind  ocelli;  orbits  silvery,  very  narrow;  about  12  pairs  of  erect 
frontal  bristles,  beginning  slightly  below  ocelli;  second  antennal  joint 
with  three  or  four  long  erect  hairs;  parafacial  silvery,  about  as  wide 
as  third  antennal  joint;  transverse  impression  extending  narrowly  below 
the  eye,  very  distinctly  set  off  from  the  shining,  bushy-haired  bucca, 
which  extends  forward  to  form  the  side  of  the  protuberant  epistoma ; 
front  edge  of  epistoma  forms  a  sharp  projecting  rim;  palpi  of  ordi- 
nary size,  with  a  few  hairs ;  proboscis  rather  slender,  with  ordinary 
labella;  back  of  head  flat  above,  bulging  below,  covered  with  bushy 
hair. 

Thorax  above  with  very  thin  brown  pruinosity,  almost  shining,  its 
hairs  erect  and  long,  not  very  numerous,  its  bristles  large ;  post  dc  3, 
ant  dc  2,  inta  2,  supa  2,  posta  2,  hum  3,  inthmn  i,  presut  i,  npl  2;  stpl 
i  large  behind  and  one  more  slender  in  front,  together  with  several 
irregular  slender  ones.  Mesopleura  hairy  and  bristly  above  a  diagonal 
line  from  the  upper  anterior  to  the  lower  posterior  angle  ;  pteropleura 
and  metapleura  bare.  Scutellum  with  one  marginal  and  one  apical 
pair  of  bristles,  the  latter  close  together.  Calypters  and  their  fringe 
white. 

Abdomen  moderately  broad  and  flat,  the  two  middle  segments  about 
2l/2  times  as  wide  as  long ;  hypopygium  small,  rounded,  turned  under, 
both  its  segments  subshining,  the  first  with  rather  coarse,  the  second 
with  very  fine  hair;  inner  forceps  (obere  Zangen,  D.  &  S.)  short  and 
blunt,  the  outer  (untere  Zangen,  D.  &  S., — homologous  with  the  acces- 
sory plates  of  Parker's  and  my  Sarcophagid  work)  shining  brown, 
stout,  not  tapering,  almost  truncate  at  tip,  straight,  the  hind  edge 
excised  to  fit  against  the  inner  forceps.  Fifth  sternite  not  much  devel- 
oped, with  a  shallow  excision  apically. 

Middle  femur  with  a  row  of  bristles  on  the  whole  length  of  the 
front  lower  edge,  smaller  at  tip  where  there  are  some  larger  above 
them;  and  on  apical  third  of  front  lower  edge  a  row  of  about  5,  be- 
ginning large  and  decreasing.  Hind  femur  with  an  entire  row  of 
long  bristles  below,  another  on  the  upper  front  edge,  and  one  on  the 
hind  side  which  dwindles  toward  tip.  Front  tibia  with  three  setae  on 
outer  hind  edge;  middle  tibia  with  about  eight  on  outer  hind  side, 
three  on  inner  hind  side,  one  small  or  none  on  outer  front  side ;  hind 
tibia  with  a  strong  row  on  outer  hind  side,  another  on  inner  hind 
side,  four  or  five  on  outer  front  side  (well  outwardly),  and  usually 
a  few  erect  hairs  on  inner  front  side.  I'ulvilli  grayish  brown  moder- 
ately elongated,  on  the  front  feet  only. 


Vol.    XXlxl  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  183 

Wings  strongly  blackened  on   front  and  basal  portion. 

Length   5.5-6  mm. 

9  .  Front  nearly  as  wide  as  one  eye,  velvet  black,  a  shining  triangle 
in  front  of  the  ocelli;  parafrontals  and  parafacials  wider  than  in  male; 
frontal  bristles  eight  or  nine,  large.  Middle  tibia  with  three  or  four 
setae  on  outer  front  side,  otherwise  as  in  male ;  hind  tibia  without 
erect  hairs  on  inner  front  side.  Wings  slightly  and  rather  evenly  in- 
fuscated.  Length  6-7  mm. 

84  specimens,  of  both  sexes:  SASKATCHEWAN:  2  Farewell 
Creek,  August,  1907.  IDAHO:  IT  Moscow,  April  23  to  May 
22;  i  Craig's  Mt.,  June  21-25,  l&94'<  ~  Lawyer's  Canyon,  June 
16,  1909.  CALIFORNIA:  5  Claremont  (C.  F.  Baker).  COLO- 
RADO: 61  Tennessee  Pass,  July  24-26,  1917. 

Variations :  The  cruciate  frontal  bristles  of  the  female  are 
sometimes  absent ;  some  females  show  the  palpi  lengthened  as 
in  a  it  ens;  the  pubescence  of  the  arista  is  occasionally  almost  as 
long  as  in  nit  ens. 

Pogonomyia  nitens  Stein. 

Stein,  Berl.  Ent.  Zeitsch.,  xiii,  199,   1897   (Spilogastcr ). 
Malloch,  Bull.   111.  St.   Lab.  Nat.   Hist.,  1915,  356   (flarincrris). 

This  species  differs  from  atcrrima  in  so  few  characters  that 
a  full  description  is  superfluous.  The  main  differences  have 
already  been  presented  in  tabular  form ;  I  should  add  that  the 
palpi  in  nitens  are  longer  and  more  slender  than  is  usually  the 
case  in  atcrrima. 

Ten  specimens,  both  sexes:  one  female,  Algonquin,  Illinois, 
paratype  of  flarincrris,  from  Mr.  Malloch:  eight  specimens. 
Polk  County.  Wisconsin,  collected  many  years  ago  by  Prof.  C. 
F.  Raker,  which  1  found  in  the  collections  at  Stanford  Univer- 
sity ;  one  female,  Waubamic,  ( hitario,  June  14,  1915  (  H.  A. 
Parrish.  Coll.).  furnished  by  Professor  Melander. 

I  have  also  seen  several  Wisconsin  specimens  in  the  collec- 
tions of  Professors  Marshall  and  Wilson,  in  the  University  of 
Wisconsin,  and  Mr.  Malloch  recently  informs  me  that  he  has  a 
long  series  from  Illinois;  but  1  have  never  found  it  in  Indiana. 
All  of  the  recorded  dates  of  collection  are  in  quite  earlv  sum- 
mer, and  this  is  also  true  for  atcrrima  if  the  altitude  is  con- 
sidered. 


184  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

Pogonomyia  alpicola. 

Rondani,   Hull.   Sue.  Knt.    llal.,  ii,  337,   18/0;   Prod.  Dipt.   Ttal.,  vi. 

33-   i877   (both  male  only). 
Pokorny,  Verb.  Zool.-Bot.  Ges.  Wien,  xliii,  7,  1893   (female). 

See  list  of  generic  characters  already  given,  and  also  table  of  spe- 
cies. Front  of  male  at  narrowest  somewhat  wider  than  the  anterior 
ocellus,  widening  rapidly  toward  antennae;  in  female  about  a  third 
the  head-width  above,  slightly  more  anteriorly.  Parafacials  silvery, 
parafrontals  not;  side  of  epistoma  with  about  20  long  upcurved  bris- 
tles in  male  only  6  or  8  shorter  in  female. 

Thorax  and  abdomen  black  with  thin  brownish  pruinosity,  same  in 
both  sexes,  and  upright  long  hairs  in  male  which  are  but  little  devel- 
oped in  female.  Chaetotaxy  :  ps  dc  3  or  4,  ant  dc  2,  acr  in  female  only 
a  prescutellar  pair,  in  male  numerous  tall  hairs  in  front,  those  behind 
the  suture  becoming  somewhat  like  slender  bristles;  hum  2  or  3,  npl  2, 
intal  2,  supal  i  and  a  long  prealar,  scutellum  with  2  lateral  and  i  api- 
cal, postal  2,  mesopleura  and  sternopleura  in  male  with  abundant  long 
hair  approximating  the  length  of  bristles,  no  distinct  separation  be- 
tween them  and  the  few  bristles ;  in  the  female  stpl  3,  mspl  with  a 
row  behind  and  2  or  3  in  front.  Calypters  white  with  pale  yellow 
rim  and  fringe. 

Abdomen  unstriped,  fourth  segment  longest  in  female,  sternites  in 
male  with  long,  dense  hair.  Mid  tibia  of  male  with  3  bristles  on 
outer  front  side,  5-6  on  outer  hind,  6-8  on  inner  hind,  4-5  slender  on 
inner  front;  the  female  has  one  or  two  less  in  each  of  these  rows. 
Hind  tibia  of  male  with  numerous  rows  of  bristles  standing  in  all 
directions  except  directly  toward  the  flexor  and  extensor  surfaces, 
especially  a  few  characteristic  erect,  long  hairs  on  inner  and  outer 
flexor,  an  incipient  "villosity" ;  the  calcar  is  one  of  a  row  on  the  inner 
extensor  side.  The  female  has  on  the  hind  tibia  only  three  rows — 
4  in  meso-extensor,  5  on  latero-extensor,  and  5-6  on  latero-flexor.  A 
slight  spine  below  on  hind  basitarsus.  Wing  strongly  infuscated  at 
base,  gradually  less  so  toward  apex,  no  costal  spine. 

Length  6  to  7^  mm. 

Two  males,  one  female,  Tennessee  Pass,  Colorado.  Julv 
24-26,  1917;  one  male,  one  female,  Europe,  from  Profrs^nr 
Bezzi. 

Pogonomyia  spinitarsis  n.  sp. 

Closely  allied  to  alpicola,  from  which  it  differs  by  the  characters 
given  in  the  table  and  a  few  others.  The  upcurved  bristles  of  the 
epistoma  are  only  about  8  in  male,  5  in  female  ;  arista  with  very  short 
pubescence ;  palpi  short. 

Thorax    of    male    not    with    the    striking   long   hair   of   alpicola    male, 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  XI. 


STICTOLOBUS    TRILINEATUS   SP.  NOV.-FUNKHOUSER. 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  185 

more  like  the  females  of  the  two  species.  Tibiae  in  both  sexes  with 
bristles  about  as  in  alpicola,  but  with  mid  and  hind  tarsi  more  spin}' 
beneath,  which  attains  its  greatest  development  in  the  mid  basitarsi 
of  the  male,  where  there  are  10-12  striking  spines  in  each  of  t\vo  rows. 
Wings  as  in  alpicola.  Size  the  same. 

One  male,  one  female,  Square-Top  Mt,  Grant,  (ieneva 
Park,  Colorado,  July  24,  1916.  Altitude  11,500  feet.  Collected 
by  L.  ().  Jackson.  Types  in  the  Bureau  of  the  Biological 
Survey,  Washington,  D.  C.  They  were  sent  me  for  studv  by 
J.  R.  Malloch. 

1    »    i 

A  New  Membracid  on  Cypress  (Homop. ). 

By  \Y.  D.  FUNKHOUSER,  Cascadilla  School,  Ithaca, 

New  York. 

(Plate  XI.) 

Through  the  courtesy  of  Mr.  H.  H.  Knight,  of  Cornell  Uni- 
versity, I  have  been  permitted  to  examine  a  series  of  specimens 
of  a  very  interesting  species  of  Membracidae  collected  from 
cypress  in  Louisiana  in  the  summer  of  1917. 

The  insect  has  apparently  not  been  described  and  is  of  inter- 
est not  only  because  it  is  the  first  membracid  recorded  on  this 
host  but  also  because  it  proves  to  be  another  representative  of 
the  genus  Stictolobits  erected  by  Metcalf  in  K)i6*  to  accom- 
modate Membracis  sitbnlata  Say. 

This  genus  is  peculiar  in  showing  the  pronotal  characters  of 
a  Cyrtolobus  and  the  wing  structure  of  a  Stictoccphala.  The 
anterior  elevation  of  the  pronotum  is  obtusely  rounded  as  in 
Cyrtolobus  and  the  general  appearance  of  the  insect  suggests 
that  genus.  The  forewings,  however,  are  entirely  free,  as  in 
Stictoccphala,  although  there  are  no  indications  of  carinate 
sides  on  the  metopidium. 

The  series  consists  of  thirty-seven  specimens.  Seven  males 
and  thirteen  females  were  collected  at  Bogalousa,  Louisiana, 
on  June  15,  1917,  and  eleven  males  and  six  females  were 
taken  at  Colyell,  Louisiana,  on  June  16.  All  were  found  on 
cypress. 

*  Metcalf,  Z.  P.  The  Rediscovery  of  Membracis  subulata  Say,  with 
a  Description  of  a  New  Genus  (Homop.).  Entomological  Xcu  ^  Jan- 
uary, 1916,  Vol.  xxvii,  No.  I,  1-3  pp.,  PI.  1. 


186  ENTOMOLOGICAL,   NEWS  I -May,   '18 

The  species  is  reported  as  being  comparatively  abundant  in 
the  type  locality  on  the  dates  given  and  may  be  described  as 
follows : 

Stictolobus  trilineatus  sp.  nov.  (Plate  XI). 

Near  Slictolobus  siibitlatus  Say  but  differing  in  color,  in 
markings,  in  punctuation  and  slightly  in  wing  venation. 

Bright  green  with  three  longitudinal  white  stripes  ;  posterior  process 
of  pronotum  castaneous,  tip  brown ;  tegmina  hyaline,  bases  slightly 
punctate,  veins  broadly  marked  with  brown,  tips  fuscous  ;  thorax  and 
legs  greenish-yellow;  under  surface  of  abdomen  yellow. 

Head  yellow-green  margined  with  lighter,  impunctate,  slightly  stri- 
ate ;  basal  line  adjoining  prothorax  much  elevated  in  middle  half; 
prominent  swelling  above  each  ocellus;  median  sulcus  faint;  inferior 
margin  smooth ;  eyes  deep  brown,  prominent,  extending  laterally  be- 
yond the  humeral  angles ;  ocelli  prominent,  reddish,  a  little  nearer  to 
each  other  than  to  the  eyes  and  situated  on  a  line  extending  through 
centers  of  eyes ;  clypeus  long,  extending  as  far  below  the  inferior 
margin  of  the  face  as  its  projection  above  the  margin,  hirsute  at  tip. 

Pronotum  bright  green,  deeply  and  uniformly  punctate,  gradually 
rounded  in  front  with  no  indication  of  carinations  on  sides;  meto- 
pidium  wider  than  high,  smooth  callosities  above  eyes  joining  in  nar- 
row line  in  center;  humeral  angles  not  prominent,  rounded;  posterior 
process  gradually  acuminate,  deflexed,  extending  beyond  tip  of  ab- 
domen but  not  reaching  apices  of  tegmina,  sharply  carinate  above, 
bright  castaneous  with  tip  brown ;  semicircular  impression  on  each 
side  of  pronotum  very  pronounced  ;  median  carina  not  percurrent,  be- 
ginning at  about  middle  of  dorsal  line  and  becoming  prominent  and 
strong  posteriorly;  three  prominent  greenish-white  lines  extending 
longitudinally  on  the  pronotum,  one  on  the  median  dorsal  line  begin- 
ning at  base  and  extending  to  the  point  at  about  the  middle  of  the 
dorsum  where  the  median  carina  begins,  one  on  each  side  arising  just 
above  the  eye.  extending  over  the  shoulder  and  ending  at  the  middle 
of  the  lateral  margin,  all  of  these  lines  strongly  punctate. 

Tegmina  entirely  free  from  pronotum,  hyaline,  base  greenish  and 
slightly  punctate,  tip  fuscous  in  external  border:  middle  half  of  radial 
and  cubital  veins  broadly  marked  with  brown,  costal  margin  white  :  tip 
acute,  middle  apical  cell  triangular  and  petiolate,  other  apical  cells 
varying  greatly  within  the  species  ;  bind  wings  entirely  hyaline,  exter- 
nal border  wrinkled,  apical  cell  usually  but  not  always  truncate. 

Sides  and  under  surface  of  thorax  greenish-yellow  ;  pubescent ;  legs 
brownish-yellow,  tibiae  greenish,  claws  fuscous ;  abdomen  yellow, 
under  surface  concolorons  yellow,  apical  end  tinged  with  greenish. 

Sternal  plate  of  male  acute,  smooth,  tip  brown;   lateral  valves  fhcon- 


\  ol.    XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  l8j 

spicuous ;  apical  terguin  armed  with  a  tooth  on  each  side  below; 
oedeagus  long,  narrow,  brown,  very  slightly  swollen  at  tip,  styles  nar- 
row and  pointed. 

Last  ventral  segment  of  female  sharply  notched  in  middle,  rounded 
on  either  side  of  notch;  tip  of  abdomen  green,  lightly  pubescent;  ovi- 
positor brown. 

Length  to  tip  of  tegmen  6.7  mm.  Width  between  humeral  angle- 
2.4  mm. 

Type — Male.  Type  locality:  Bogalousa,  Louisiana,  Female 
does  not  differ  in  size  or  markings. 

Type,  allotype  and  twenty-one  paratypes  in  author's  collec- 
tion; ten  paratypes  in  Mr.  Knight's  collection;  four  paratypes 
in  Cornell  University  collection. 

The  wing  venation  in  this  species  shows  considerable  varia- 
tion as  represented  in  Plate  XI,  Figs,  i,  6,  7  and  8.  In  the 
fore  wing  M3  and  M4  are  often  separated,  making  six  instead 
of  the  normal  five  apical  cells  (Fig.  8)  and  changing  the  shape 
of  the  cells  in  the  apical  end  of  the  wing.  In  the  hind  wing 
R4+5  is  usually  coalesced  with  Mi +2  (Fig.  6)  to  form  a 
truncate  terminal  cell,  but  occasionally  they  are  separated, 
leaving  the  terminal  cell  petiolate  (Fig.  7).  The  forewing  in 
no  case  shows  the  three  discoidal  cells  as  found  in  the  wing  of 
Stictolobus  siibnlatns  Say. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XI. 
Stictolobus  trilincatus  sp.  nov. 

Fig.  i.     Lateral  view.  Fig.  6.     Hind  wing,  normal  vena- 
Fig.  2.     Frontal   view.  tion. 
Fig.  3.     Dorsal  view.  Fig.  7.     Ilind    wing,    showing   va- 
Fig.  4.     Male      genitalia  —  caudal  nation. 

view.  Fig.  8.     Fore    wing,    showing    va- 

Female   genitalia,    ventral  nation, 
view. 


A  Review  of  Reviews  (Lep.). 

By  J.   McDuNNOUGii,    Ph. I)..    Decatur,    Illim  is. 

My  paper  in   KNTOMOLO<;ICAL  NF.WS,  xxvii,  393,  has  been 

the   partial   subject   recently   of   three   articles   by    well-known 

lepidopterists ;   two   of   the   authors,    H.    (}.    Dvar    (Ins.    Insc. 

Menstr.,  v,  42)   and  (1.  Bethune-Baker   (  Knt.   I\rc..  xxix.  219) 


i88  KNTOMOLOCICAI,   M:\vs  [May'iS 

commend  my  method  of  selecting  generic  types  but  are  strongly 
against  disregarding  Hiibner's  "Tentamen"  as  unpublished; 
the  third  writer,  Sir  George  Hampson  ( Ent.  News,  xxviii, 
463),  finds  my  action  in  discarding  the  Tentamen  entirely  jus- 
tifiable, but,  as  was  to  be  expected,  seriously  objects  to  my 
method  of  fixing  generic  types. 

These  three  articles  serve  to  further  emphasize  the  great 
necessity  for  the  leading  systematic  entomologists  in  each 
group  of  insects  "getting  together''  and  trying  to  evolve  some 
common  method  on  which  to  base  their  work.  Co-operation 
is  just  as  vital  in  entomology  as  it  is  for  the  Allies  in  the  pres- 
ent war,  and  the  muddled  synonymy  and  constant  changes  of 
nqmenclature  in  the  Lepidoptera  can  just  as  certainly  be  traced 
to  the  insistence  of  each  systematist  on  ''ganging  his  ane  gait" 
as  the  allied  reverses  (according  to  military  critics)  are  attribu- 
table to  the  lack  of  co-ordination  of  the  several  war  fronts. 
Sir  George  Hampson  expresses  the  hope  that  one  of  the  minor 
benefits  of  the  war  may  be  to  bring  us  back  to  a  simple  binom- 
inal nomenclature ;  I  should  like  to  express  the  hope  that  ento- 
mologists will  be  taught  by  the  war  the  necessity  of  co-opera- 
tion and  the  value  of  discarding  possibly  one  of  one's  own  pet 
theories  for  the  sake  of  the  general  good. 

With  regard  to  Hiibner's  "Tentamen"  I  have  already  ex- 
pressed the  hope  that  some  definite  action  concerning  this  work 
may  soon  be  taken ;  my  own  reason  for  rejecting  it  at  th^ 
time  of  issuing  my  list  of  Noctuid  types  and  later  in  our 
"Check  List"  was  not  because  I  regarded  the  generic  names 
as  nomina  intda  but  because  there  is  no  evidence  in  the  pam- 
phlet itself,  such  as  place  or  date  of  publication,  to  show  that 
it  was  anything  more  than  a  sample  sheet  prepared  for  Hiib- 
ner's own  use  and  of  which  possibly  one  or  two  copies  fell  at 
a  later  date  into  the  hands  of  co-workers  for  some  reason  or 
other ;  personally  I  should  just  as  soon  accept  the  names 
therein  proposed  as  not,  but  with  half  the  systcmatists  clamor- 
ing for  its  rejection  and  the  other  half  just  as  loudly  insisting 
on  its  retention  the  only  certainty  is  that,  whichever  course  is 
followed,  is  going  to  cause  adverse  criticism. 

A   few   of    the   remarks   in   the   critical    articles   above   men- 


Vol.   xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    XF.WS  i8g 

tinned  call  for  n  rejoinder  by  myself.  Dr.  Oyar's  review,  con- 
sisting as  it  docs  largely  of  personal  items,  may  be  advantage- 
ously disregarded.  Mr.  Bethune-Baker  comments  on  the  ar- 
rangement of  Aegeriidae  in  our  "Check  List":  in  this  \ve  fol- 
lowed, more  or  less  blindly,  Mr.  A.  Btisck's  Synoptic  Tables 
of  the  group  published  in  1909  (Proc.  Wash.  Ent.  Soc.,  xi. 
115)  and  must  refer  him  to  Mr.  Busck  personally  for  further 
details.  Sir  George  Hampson  charges  that  the  type  of  the 
genus  Phytouietra  Haw.  cannot  possibly  lie  acnco  as  specified 
by  Westwood,  since  it  was  based  on  larval  characters,  the  only 
two  larvae  known  to  Haworth  being  those  of  fcstncac  and 
^(Uinna;  he  would  therefore  place  the  genus  as  prior  to  Auto- 
(jrapha;  I  must  confess  that  Haworth's  "Lepidoptera  F>ritan- 
nica"  is  entirely  unknown  to  me  and  I  doubt  if  a  copy  exists  in 
this  country;  if  so,  I  have  been  unable  to  find  it.  This  being 
the  case,  I  cannot  comment  on  Hampson's  remarks  but  would 
note  that  he  certainly  raises  a  delicate  point  which  may  call 
for  a  special  ruling  by  the  committee  on  International  Nomen- 
clature. With  regard  to  Hampson's  non-acceptance  of  Och- 
senheimer's  generic  names  published  in  1816  as  notnina  nuda 
I  quote  Article  79  of  Hanks  and  Caudell's  Entomological  Code 
which  says  that  "A  generic  name  becomes  valid  when  publish- 
ed in  connection  with  or  with  reference  to  a  valid  (==  described 
or  figured)  specific  name  or  to  replace  a  valid  generic  name." 
The  first  portion  of  this  article  clearly  covers  Ochsenheimer's 
generic  names  which  were  published  in  connection  with  sev- 
eral valid  specific  names ;  I  believe  that  the  general  entomolog- 
ical usage  in  this  country  upholds  me  in  regarding  them  as 
valid  and  I  must  refuse  to  accept  Hampson's  reference  of  them 
to  Treitschke  (1825). 

With  regard  to  Hampson's  remarks  on  the  dates  of  Hub- 
ner's  "Vcr/eichni -•-•."  I  should  like  to  point  out  that  he  has 
overlooked  several  important  points  in  this  connection.  In 
the  first  place  T  would  refer  him  lo  a  painnhlet  published  in 
1005  by  Trof.  ' '.  II.  Fernald.  of  \mheM.  M.-i.ssacliMsetts.  on 
the  dates  of  Ilubner's  "Sammlung  Eur  Schmett."  ;  in  thi- 
i  are  reprinted  s<  \eral  of  ITiibner's  <{(it,  // 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [May,     'l8 

advertising  his  works  for  sale,  which  were  found  in  the  copy 
of  Hiibner's  "Sammlung"  in  the  Royal  Library  at  Berlin; 
Prospectus  IV,  dated  Augsburg,  6th  April,  i8oq,  contains  a 
reference  to  "Beitraege  zur  Sammlung  Ex.  Schmett.,"  stating 
that  two  plates  were  completed  and  for  sale  at  36  kr.  a  plate ; 
obviously  from  this  the  "Beitraege''  or  ''Zutraege, "  as  they 
were  later  called,  were  commenced  at  a  much  earlier  date  than 
that  of  the  title-page  to  the  first  century  (December  22,  1818) 
and  it  seems  probable  that  this  date  indicates  the  completion 
rather  than  the  commencement  of  the  century,  especially  as 
Prospectus  V,  dated  22nd  December,  1823,  announces  two 
complete  centuries  of  the  "Zutraege/'  as  it  is  now  called,  for 
43  fl.  24  kr.,  and  the  date  on  the  preface  of  the  second  century 
is  1822.  Accepting  this  evidence  as  conclusive,  Hampson's 
remarks  concerning  the  incorrectness  of  Sherborn  &  Front'? 
fixation  of  the  dates  of  the  early  pages  of  the  "Yerzeichniss" 
as  1816  and  1818  are  fallacious  ;  the  text  of  the  ''Yerzeichniss" 
preface  distinctly  shows  that  it  was  written  prior  to  the  re- 
mainder of  the  work  and  it  is  just  as  distinctly  dated  Augs- 
burg, 2ist  September,  1816;  the  fact  that  he  refers  by  number 
in  the  "Yerzeichniss"  to  certain  plates  of  the  "Zutraege"  shows 
that  these  plates  were  issued  prior  to  1816  or  1818.  as  the  case 
may  be.  Instead  therefore  of  dating  all  the  plates  of  the  first 
century  of  the  "Zutraege''  1818  we  must  use  the  dates  1800- 
1818  and  for  the  second  century  1818-1822.  the  reference  to 
Lycns  niphon  (Zutr.  203,  204)  on  page  74  of  the  '•Yerzeich- 
niss," clearly  showing  (if  we  accept  Sherborn's  "Yerzeichniss" 
dates)  that  the  first  plate  of  the  second  century  was  ready  late 
in  1818;  up  to  page  160  of  the  "Verzeichniss"  the  latest  refer- 
ence to  the  "Zutraege"  I  have  found  is  on  page  149  to  figures 
213-4  which  at  least  would  make  1820  the  latest  date  possible 
for  the  first  three  plates  of  the  second  century. 

In  the  first  16  pages  of  the  "Verzeichniss,"  for  which  the 
date  1816  is  claimed,  the  latest  reference  to  the  "Zutraege"  is 
Sic\'onia  apseudes  Hbn.  (Zutr.  1^1,  142);  25  out  of  the  35 
plates  of  the  first  century  were  therefore  published  prior  to 
September.  1816,  the  first  two  plates  being  prior  to  April,  i8o<r. 


Vol.   xxix]  K\TO.M<>L(>I;H-.\I.    .\K\VS  191 

for  American  Lepidopterists  this  is  important,  a  number  of 
North  American  species  having  been  figured  on  the  early 
plates.  I  utterly  fail  to  agree  with  Hampson  that  the  whole  of 
the  "Verzeichniss"  should  be  credited  to  1827  simply  because 
he  has  found  no  previous  reference  in  the  contemporaneous 
literature;  I  limner's  method  of  distributing  his  work  in  small 
portions  has  been  too  fully  commented  on  by  Herrich-Schaef- 
fer  ( Corr.  Bl.  Zool.  min.  Ver.  Regens..  1869,  p.  209)  and 
others  to  permit  of  the  doubt  that  the  parts  were  not  distrib- 
uted as  they  appeared  from  the  press  but  were  held  over  until 
the  completion  of  the  volume.  Until  therefore  some  much 
more  conclusive  contrary  evidence  is  given,  I  believe  the  dates 
given  by  Sherborn  and  Prout  (1912,  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  (8), 
ix.  179-180)  should  be  accepted  as  correct. 

In  conclusion  I  should  like  to  state  my  conviction  that  the 
generic  names  proposed  in  the  "Zutraege"  are  perfectly  valid : 
they  are  proposed  in  connection  with  a  specific  name  of  which 
a  perfectly  identifiable  figure  is  given  and  in  most  instances  are 
definitely  monobasic  ;  in  my  opinion  they  should  certainly  take- 
priority  over  the  same  names  often  used  at  a  later  date  in  the 

"Yerzeichniss." 

1  <•>  i — 

Mosquitoes   and  the   War. 

Freeing  the  Hog  Island  shipbuilding  zone  of  disease-breeding; 
mosquitoes  was  decided  upon  at  a  meeting  of  the  State  war  Ivir' 
in  Harrishurg  yesterday.  The  work  will  he  done  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  State  Department  of  Health  with  experts  who  aided 
Surgeon  General  William  C.  Gorgas  in  cleaning  up  the  Panama  Canal 
zone. 

It  will  he  thr  bigsrest  fight  against  mosquitoes  ever  undertaken  in 
Pennsylvania.  The  State  war  hoard  has  in  charge  the  $2,000,000  war 
defense  appropriation.  It  decided  to  contribute  $75.000  to  the  $210,- 
ooo  fund  being  raised  to  wipe  out  the  oests.  The  State  Health  De- 
partment will  put  $25,000  into  this  project,  the  city  of  Philadelphia 
$50,000,  the  Emergency  Fleet  Corporation  $50,000  and  the  Westing- 
house  Klectric  Company  $10.000. 

The  appropriation  was  made  following  conferences  arranged  In 
acting  Commissioner  of  Health  Rover  and  the  engineer  of  the  Fed- 
eral Government.  Pennsylvania,  New  Jersev  and  this  city  relative 
to  the  elimination  of  the  mosquitoes,  which  if  allowed  to  hrrrd  would 
stop  the  night  shifts  working  on  the  Federal  shins  and  c:it  the  effi- 
ciency of  the  plant  down  by  half. 

The    money    will    be    expended    in    a    drainage    and    pumping    Station 
Two    wells    will    lie    dug    and     two    numpinu    -'ations    erected    -uid    the 
swamp  water  treated  with   oil  to  kill   the   larvae. 

—Public   Ledger,   Philadelphia.  April  18. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  MAY,  1918. 

The  Forms  of  Generic  and  of  Specific   Names. 

In  view  of  the  forms  of  generic  and  specific  names  in  arti- 
cles recently  submitted  for  publication  in  the  NEWS  and  in 
other  entomological  journals,  it  seems  necessary  to  call  the 
attention  of  authors  and  others  to  the  rules  of  zoological  no- 
menclature governing  these  forms.  The  examples  are  of  our 
own  selection. 

Of  the  International  Rules  of  Zoological  Nomenclature 
(Proceedings,  Ninth  International  Zoological  Congress,  Mo- 
naco, 1913),  Article  8  reads:  "A  generic  name  must  consist  of 
a  single  word,  simple  or  compound,  written  with  ar  initial  cap- 
ital letter,  and  employed  as  a  substantive  in  the  nominative 
singular." 

Example  :     Johannsenia,  NOT  Johannseni. 

Article  14  of  the  International  Rules  reads :  "Specific  names 
are : 

a.     Adjectives   which   must   agree   grammatically    with   the 


generic  name." 


Example:  Lopidca  minima,  NOT  minimus;  Pogonomyia  spinitarsis, 
NOT  spinitarsus;  Johannsenia  aurea,  NOT  aurei. 

"b.  Substantives  in  the  nominative  in  apposition  with  the 
generic  name." 

Example:  Lopidca  narajo.  L.  arirjona  is,  perhaps,  admissable,  but 
L.  arizonae  is  better  (see  Article  16  quoted  below). 

"c.     Substantives  in  the  genitive." 

Example:  Lopidea  garryae  (because  found  breeding  on  the  plant 
Garrya  wrightii'). 

"If  the  name  is  given  as  a  dedication  to  one  or  several  per- 
sons, the  genitive  is  formed  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of 
Latin  declination  in  case  the  name  was  employed  and  declined 

192 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  193 

in  Latin.  If  the  name  is  a  modern  patronymic,  the  genitive 
is  always  formed  by  adding-,  to  the  exact  and  complete  name, 
an  i  if  the  person  is  a  man,  or  an  ae  if  the  person  is  a  woman, 
even  if  the  name  has  a  Latin  form  ;  it  is  placed  in  the  plural  if 
the  dedication  involves  several  persons  of  the  same  name." 
Examples:  Eleodes  niineninaclicri,  Cydimon  p»cyi. 

"Recommendation.  The  best  specific  name  is  a  Latin  ad- 
jective, short,  euphonic,  and  of  easy  pronunciation.  Latinized 
Greek  words  or  barbarous  words  may,  however,  be  used." 

Examples :      Panurginus  planatus,   Tetragoneuria  cynosura. 

Article  16:  "Geographic  names  are  to  be  given  as  sub- 
stantives in  the  genitive,  or  are  to  be  placed  in  an  adjectival 
form." 

Examples  :     Halictoides  novaeangliac ,  Plcuroiropis  kansensis. 

Article  20:  "Recommendations.  The  prefixes  sub  and  pseiido 
should  be  used  only  with  adjectives  and  substantives,  sub  with 
Latin  words,  pscndo  with  Greek  words,  and  they  should  not 
be  used  in  combination  with  proper  names.  The  terminations 
aides  and  ides  should  be  used  in  combination  only  with  Greek 
or  Latin  substantives ;  they  should  not  be  used  with  proper 
names." 

Examples:  Nemoria  subcroceata,  Lycaena  pseudarginlus,  Sphaeri- 
dium  scarabacoides.  Pscudamericana  and  pseudimitans  are  bad. 


Additional  Acarina  Found  in  New  Jersey. 

To  the  lists   of   New  Jersey  mites   published   in  the   "Entomological 

News,"  vol.  26,  p.  149  and  vol.  27,  p.  109,  can  be  added  the  following: 

Trombidhim  scricciiui  Say.  "Pine  Barrens"  of  New  Jersey.  The 
"red  bug." 

Eriophyes  nyssae  Trott.  Lakehurst,  August  18.  Galls  on  leaves  of 
sour  gum.  (Dickerson  &  Weiss). 

Eriophyes    bn.ri.       Rutherford.      On   boxwood. 

Eriophyes  sp.  Kingston,  August  22.  On  flowering  currant.  (Dicker- 
son  &  Weiss). 

Eriophycs  sp.  or  disease.  Lakehurst,  August  iS.  Witch's  brnom  on  oak. 
(Dickerson  &  Weiss). 

Eriiipln'cs  sp.  or  disease.  Lakehurst,  August  iS.  Witch's  broom  on 
A'hus  copalliua.  (Dickerson  &  Weiss).  -HAKUV  I'..  Wluss, 
New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 


194  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON.  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  In  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record. 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

2— /Transactions,   American   Entomological   Society,   Philadelphia. 
3 — The  American  Naturalist.     4 — The  Canadian  Entomologist.     5 — 
Psyche.    9 — The  Entomologist,  London.    11 — Annals  and  Magazine 
of    Natural    History,    9th    series,    London.      18 — Ottawa    Naturalist. 
37 — Le    Naturaliste    Canadien,    Quebec       67 — Entomologiske    Tid- 
skrift,    Stockholm.      69 — Bolletino,    Societa    Italiana    Entomologica. 
68 — Science,  New  York.     73 — Archives,  Zoologie   Experimental   et 
Generale,    Paris.      121 — Archives    des    Sciences    Physiques    et    Natu 
relies,  Geneva.     128 — Proceedings,   Linnean   Society  of  New  South 
Wales,   Sydney.     141 — Proceedings.   Indiana   Academy   of   Sciences, 
Indianapolis.      142 — Report,    Michigan   Academy   of    Sciences,    Lan- 
sing.     153 — Bulletin,   American    Museum   of   Natural    History,   New 
York.     184 — Journal  of  Experimental  Zoology,  Philadelphia.     195 — 
Bulletin,  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  Cambridge.     223 — -Bro- 
teria,   Revista  de   Sciencias   Naturaes   do   Collegio  de   S    Fiel.    (Ser. 
Zoologica).      238 — Anales,    Sociedad    Cientifica    Argentina,    Buenos 
Aires.      259 — Publication,    Carnegie     Institution      of      \Yashington. 
313 — Bulletin    of   Entomological    Research,    London.      322 — Journal 
of   Morphology,    Philadelphia.      324 — Journal    of   Animal    Behavior, 
Cambridge.     344 — U.    S.    Department   of   Agriculture,   Washington, 
D.     C.      405 — University    of    Toronto     Studies,     Biological     Series. 
407 — Journal    of   Genetics,    Cambridge,    England.      447 — Journal    of 
Agricultural  Research.  \Yashington.     491 — Transactions.  American 
Microscopical  Society.  Decatur,  Illinois.     509 — Revue  Generale  des 
Sciences   pures   et   Appliquees,   Paris.     532 — Proceedings,    National 
Academy  of  Sciences  of  the   United   States  of  America,  Washing- 
ton.    540 — The   Lepidopterist,   Salem,    Mass.      558 — Journal,   Straits 
Branch   Royal  Asiatic  Society. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Cockerell,  T.  D.  A.— Invertebrate  pale- 
ontology, 68,  xlvii,  IMD-SO.  Crampton,  G.  C. — A  phylogenetic  study 
of  the  terga  and  wing  bases  in  Embiids,  Plecoptera,  Dermaptera 
and  Coleoptera,  5,  xxv,  4-12.  Fagan,  M.  M.— The  uses  of  insect 


Vol.     Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS 

galls,  3,  lii,  153-7(5.  Lameere,  A. — La  vie  des  insectes  aiix  temps 
primaires,  .509,  xxix,  5-13.  McMurrich,  J.  P. — Provancher  chez 
nos  compatriotes  de  langue  anglaise,  37,  xliv,  131-35.  Moore  & 
Graham — Toxicity  of  volatile  organic  compounds  to  insect  eggs, 
447,  xii,  579-87.  Provancher,  L. — Notes  biographiques,  37,  xliv, 
13(5-41.  Sheldon,  W.  G. — Formaldehyde  for  fixing  the  wings  of 
entomological  specimens,  9,  1918,  68-9.  Tavares,  J.  S. — Cecidologia 
Brazileira,  223,  xvi,  21-48.  Tullgren,  A. — En  enkal  apparat  for  auto- 
matiskt  vittjande  av  sallgods,  67,  xxxviii,  97-100.  Turner,  C.  H.— 
Literature  for  191(5  on  the  behavior  of  spiders  and  insects  other 
than  ants.  324,  vii,  405-19.  Wells,  M.  M.— Literature  for  1916  on 
ants  and  myrmecophils,  324,  vii,  420-43. 

PHYSIOLOGY  AND  EMBRYOLOGY.  Hagan,  H.  R.— Ob- 
servations on  the  embryonic  development  of  the  mantid  Parateno- 
dera  sinensis,  322,  xxx,  2S3-44.  McEwen,  R.  S. — The  reactions  to 
light  and  to  gravity  in  Drosophila  and  its  mutants,  184,  xxv,  49- 
105.  Nakahara,  W. — Studies  of  Amitosis:  its  physiological  rela- 
tions in  the  adipose  cells  of  insects 322,  xxx,  483-526.  Payne, 

F. — The  effect  of  artificial  selection  on  bristle  number  in  Droso- 
phila ampelophila  and  its  interpretation,  532,  lv,  55-8.  Thompson, 
C.  B. — Origin  of  the  castes  of  the  common  termite,  Leucotermes 
flavipes,  322,  xxx,  83-155. 

MEDICAL.  MacGregor,  M.  E. — Insects  as  carriers  of  disease, 
491,  xxxvii,  1-17. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.  Criddle,  N.— Some  habits  of  two  burrow- 
ing spiders  in  Manitoba,  18,  xxxi,  104-7.  Hansen,  H.  J. — On  the 
trichobothria  (auditory  hairs)  in  Arachnida,  Myriopoda  and  In- 
secta,  with  a  summary  of  the  external  sensory  organs  in  Arach- 
nida, 67,  xxxviii,  240-59. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Banks,  N.— Xew  neuropteroid  insects 
[many  newl.  195,  Ixii,  22  pp.  Brocher,  F. — (See  under  Coleop- 
tera.)  Clemens,  W.  A. — An  ecological  study  of  the  mayfly,  Chiro- 
tenetes,  405,  No.  17.  43  pp.  Horton,  J.  R. — The  citrus  thrips,  344, 
Bui.  No.  (516.  Tillyard,  R.  J. — On  the  morphology  of  the  caudal 
gills  of  the  larvae  of  zygopterid  dragonflies,  128,  xlii.  31-112  (cont.). 

ORTHOPTERA.  Glaser  &  Wilcox— On  the  occurrence  of  a 
niermis  epidemic  amongst  grasshoppers,  5,  vxv,  12-1 5 

HEMIPTERA.  Gibson  &  Holdridge— The  genus  Narnia  and  a 
key  to  the  genera  of  Anisoscelini,  5,  xxv,  1-4.  Ferris,  G.  F. — A 
note  on  the  occurrence  of  abdominal  spiracles  in  the  coccidae,  4, 
T.I18.  85-8.  Richardson,  C.  H. — The  pulsatile  vessels  in  the  legs  of 
Aphididae,  5,  xxv,  15-17. 

Gibson,  E.  H. — The  genus  Corythucha  (Tingidae)  [21  new],  2, 
xliv,  (59-101.  The  'jcnus  Hadroiu-ma  (Miridae)  [2  n.  sps.],  4,  1918, 


196  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

81-4.  Gillette,  C.  P. — Aphis  saliceti,  Siphocoryne  pastinacea  and 
allied  species  [2  n.  sps.],  4,  1918,  89-94.  Swain,  A.  F.— [Nine]  new 
Aphididae  from  California,  2,  xliv,  1-22. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Barnes  &  McDunnough— Life  histories  of 
N.  American  species  of  the  genus  Catocala,  153,  xxxviii,  147-77. 
Beutenmiller,  W. — Notes  on  the  larvae  of  Catocala  and  their  hab- 
its, 540,  ii,  17-20.  Hawkes,  O.  A.  M. — Studies  in  inheritance  in  the 
hybrid  Philosamia  (Attacus)  ricini  x  P.  cynthia,  407,  vii,  135-52. 
Ljungdahl,  D. — Etvvas  uber  die  oberflachen-skulptur  einiger 
schmetterlings-puppen,  67,  xxxviii,  217-28.  Pictet,  A. — Influence 
de  la  pression  atmospherique  sur  le  developpement  des  L.,  121, 
xliv,  413-54.  Tillyard,  R.  J. — The  wing-venation  of  L.  (Preliminary 
report),  128,  xlii,  167-74. 

Ellsworth,  A. — Three  new  forms,  540,  ii,  21-2. 

DIPTERA.  Ball,  S.  C.— Migration  of  insects  to  Rebecca  shoal 
light  station  and  the  Tortugas  Islands,  with  special  reference  to 
mosquitoes  and  flies,  259,  No.  252,  195-212.  Bergman,  A.  M. — Om 
renens  oestrider,  67,  xxviii,  1-32,  113-46.  Cresson,  E.  T.,  Jr. — Costa 
-Rican  Diptera,  III— Ephydridae,  2,  xliv,  39-68.  Felt,  E.  P.— Notes 
and  descriptions  of  Itonididae  in  the  collection  of  the  Am.  Mus. 
N.  H.,  153,  xxxviii,  179-82.  Tetley,  H. — The  structure  of  the 
mouth-parts  of  Pangonia  longirostris  in  relation  to  the  probable 
feeding-habits  of  the  species,  313,  viii,  253-68. 

Malloch,  J.  R. — A  partial  key  to  species  of  the  genus  Agromyza 
[3  n.  sps.  1 ;  Supplementary  note  on  the  anthomyid  genus  Ph3'llo- 
gaster,  4.  1918,  76-80;  81. 

COLEOPTERA.  Brocher,  F.— Etude  experimentale  sur  le  fonc- 
tionnement  du  vaisseau  dorsal  et  sur  la  circulation  du  sang  chez  les 
insectes.  I.  Le  Dyticus  marginalis.  II.  Les  larves  des  Odonates, 
Nouvelles  observations  sur  la  respiration  des  Dyticides,  73,  Ivi, 
1-24;  247-58;  445-90.  Champion,  G.  C.— The  C.  of  the  Falkland 
Islands,  11,  i,  167-86.  Goldsmith,  W.  M.— Field  notes  on  the  dis- 
tribution and  life  habits  of  the  tiger  beetles  of  Indiana,  141,  1916, 
447-55.  Grave,  B.  H. — Zeugophora  scutellaris,  322,  xxx,  245-61. 
Marshall,  G.  A.  K. — A  new  weevil  pest  of  sweet  potatoes  in  Ja- 
maica, 313,  viii,  269-72. 

Leng  &  Mutchler — Insects  of  Florida,  V. — The  water  beetles 
[2  n.  sps.],  153,  xxxviii,  73-116. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Bruch,  C.— Costumbres  y  nidos  de  hor- 
migas,  238,  xxxiv,  154-68.  Burkill,  I.  H. — A  note  upon  the  way 
in  which  bees  settle  on  flowers  of  Derris  thyrsiflora,  and  the  in- 
jury resulting  upon  their  search  for  honey,  558,  1917,  263-4.  Cock- 
erell,  T.  D.  A. — Neotropical  bees,  principally  collected  in  Argen- 
tina, 2,  xliv,  25-38.  Santschi,  F. — Description  de  quelques  nouvelles 


Vol.     xxix]  KNTOMOLOGICAL     NK\\> 

fourmis,   238,   Ixxxiv,   276-83.      Wheeler,   W.   M. — A    list   of   Indiana 
ants,   141,   1916,  460-6. 

Cockerell,  T.  D.  A. — Descriptions  and  records  of  bees. — LXX1X 

[2  ne\vl.  11,  i,  158-67. 

—    «•»   

A  STUDY  OF  THE  JAPANESE  LASIOCAMPIDAE  AND  DREPAXIDAE.  By 
Kikujiro  Nagano.  Bulletin  No.  2  of  the  Nawa  Entomological  Labora- 
tory, Cifu,  Japan,  December,  1917. — This  important  contribution  is  in 
English  and  Japanese.  There  are  ten  plates ;  five  delineate  the  species 
and  larvae  in  color  and  the  others  show  anatomical  details.  A  num- 
ber of  new  genera  and  species  are  described.  Valuable  features  of 
the  work  are  the  descriptions  of  the  larvae,  the  life  histories  and  dis- 
tribution. The  excellent  colored  plates  are  the  work  of  the  author. 
-H.  S. 

Doings  of  Societies. 

American  Entomological  Society. 

Meeting  of  December  10,  1917,  in  the  hall  of  The  Academy  of  Nat- 
ural Sciences  of  Philadelphia ;  eight  persons  present,  the  President, 
Dr.  Henry  Skinner,  in  the  chair.  Donations  to  the  collections  of  the 
Academy  of  135  specimens  of  37  species  of  Corytlnicha  from  Mr.  E.  H. 
Gibson,  and  5  myriopods,  n  insects  from  the  Belgian  Congo  from 
Mr.  Morgan  Hebard  were  reported. 

The  following  were  elected  to  serve  as  officers  and  on  standing 
committees  for  the  year  1918:  President,  Henry  Skinner;  ] 'ice-Presi- 
dent, ].  A.  G.  Rehn ;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Morgan  Hebard;  Re- 
cording Secretary,  R.  C.  Williams,  Jr.;  Treasurer,  E.  T.  Cresson ; 
Publication  Committee,  J.  A.  G.  Rehn,  E.  T.  Cresson  and  P.  P.  Calvert; 
finance  Committee,  J.  A.  G.  Rehn,  D.  M.  Castle  and  Morgan  Hebard; 
Property  Committee.  E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.,  Morgan  Hebard  and  Philip 
Laurent. 

Meeting  of  February  28,  1918,  in  the  same  place;  eleven  persons 
present;  Dr.  Henry  Skinner,  President,  in  the  cbair. 

A  communication  was  read  from  Dr.  Ann  H.  Morgan,  of  Mount 
Holyoke  College,  South  Hadley,  Mass.,  announcing  the  loss  of  their 
library  and  collections  by  fire,  and  soliciting  material  and  literature. 
Mr.  Rehn  moved  that  the  requirements  of  the  College  be  ascertained 
through  Dr.  Morgan,  with  a  view  to  assisting  them  with  pamphle.s 
and  material.  This  motion  was  carried. 

The  following  motion  was  ordered  spread  on  the  minutes  : 

"The  American  Entomological  Society  hears  with  regret  of  the 
death  of  Dr.  Samuel  Gibson  Dixon,  President  of  The  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  on  February  -H*.  miS." 

Diptera. — Mr.  Hornig  reported  that  the  first  flies  of  the  season, 
presumably  M itsea  domestiea,  emerged  February  JJtli. 


198  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

Orthoptera. — Mr.  Rehn  exhibited  specimens  of  four  species  ot 
the  aberrant  Tettigoniid  genus  Paraphidnia.  These  specimens  repre- 
sented four  undescribed  species,  the  two  previously  known  species 
being  quite  distinct,  but  unrepresented  in  the  collections  at  the  Acad- 
emy. The  speaker  cited  this  as  an  illustration  of  the  frequently  en- 
countered difficulty  in  securing  material  of  the  older  species. 

Odonata. — Dr.  Calvert  exhibited  a  box  of  Odonata  collected  by 
Mr.  E.  Daecke  in  the  central  part  of  Pennsylvania,  the  most  interest- 
ing of  which  were:  Goniphits  ainnicola  Walsh,  Inglenook,  vii.  3,  1916, 
i  $  (the  first  Pennsylvania  records  were  published  in  the  NEWS, 
xxvii,  380)  ;  Gtnnpluts  rcntricosus  Walsh,  Inglenook,  v.  25  and  vi.  I, 
1913,  2  $  ,  i  9  (the  only  other  Pennsylvania  specimen  known  to  the 
speaker  being  a  9  from  York  by  George  Miller,  in  the  Academy's 
collection)  ;  Nenrocordiilia  yamaskanensis  Provancher,  Perdix,  vi.  8, 
1913,  i  9  (the  second  known  specimen  from  the  State,  the  first  being 
the  male  from  the  same  locality,  also  by  Mr.  Daecke,  recorded  in  the 
NEWS,  xxi,  429)  ;  Sninatochlora  tcncbrosa  Say,  Rausch's  Gap  and  Gold- 
mine, ix.  4,  1917,  i  $  from  each  locality,  and  Libcllula  flarida  Ram- 
bur,  Linglestown,  vi.  15,  1913,  I  9  (the  first  record  for  Pennsylvania). 

Lepidoptera. — Dr.  Skinner  exhibited  lantern  projections  of  mi- 
croscopic slides  of  the  male  genitalia  of  species  in  the  family  Hes- 
peridae  and  remarked  on  the  strong  characters  in  the  clasps  or  valvae. 
— R.  C.  WILLIAMS,  JR.,  Recording  Secretary. 


Entomological  Section,  The  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of 

Philadelphia. 

Meeting  of  December  10,  1917.  Director  Philip  Laurent  presiding, 
nine  persons  present.  The  death  of  Wm.  D.  Kearfott,  a  contributor, 
Nov.  13,  1917,  was  announced. 

Dr.  Calvert  made  some  interesting  remarks  on  the  disease  mor- 
tality in  recent  wars,  making  special  reference  to  typhus  fever  and  its 
attributed  transmission  by  the  body  louse,  Pediculns  vestimenti.  The 
life  history  of  the  louse  was  given  and  various  preventatives  were 
discussed.  Dr.  Skinner  mentioned  some  of  the  methods  he  recom- 
mended as  being  effective  in  repelling  lice. 

Lepidoptera. — Dr.  Skinner  made  a  few  remarks  relative  to 
Anthocharis  genutia  forma  flavida,  specimens  of  which  were  col- 
lected by  W.  J.  Coxey,  February  12,  1917,  at  Savannah,  Georgia.  This 
form  differs  essentially  in  having  the  orange  apical  area  of  the  fore 
wing  of  the  male  including  or  attaining  the  black  spot.  Mr.  Wil- 
liams reported  receiving  Pieris  monustc,  female  form  phileta  from 
Miss  Elizabeth  O.  Groves,  Miami,  Florida.  She  writes  that  she 
found  pupae  in  quantities  and  collected  a  pint  from  which  she  se- 
cured 200  emergences  the  last  week  of  June  and  first  week  of  July. 


Vol.    xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS 

At  this  time  there  appeared  what  the  natives  called  a  "plague  of  but- 
terflies," about  half  being  white  and  half  the  melanic  form.  Mr. 
Baylis  exhibited  a  method  of  spreading  Lepidoptera  in  which  glass 
slips  were  used  in  place  of  card  to  keep  the  wings  in  place  while 
drying. — E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Recorder. 


Meeting  of  January  24,  1918,  with  Director  Philip  Laurent  presid- 
ing, nine  persons  present. 

Dr.  Hecquaert  gave  an  interesting  account  of  the  J.  C.  P.radley  Scien- 
tific automobile  trip  across  the  United  States.  He  mentioned  collecting 
some  Nemistrinidae  in  Texas,  and  of  collecting  a  species  of  Apidat? 
at  light. 

Orthoptera.  Mr.  Rehn  made  a  few  remarks  on  the  Acridid  sub- 
family Eumastacinae,  illustrating  the  same  with  the  series  from  the 
Academy  collection  and  also  representatives  from  the  extensive  North 
American  series  now  being  studied. 

Lepidoptera.  Mr.  Williams  gave  an  interesting  communication  on 
his  studies  on  the  genitalia  of  Lycaeninae,  illustrated  by  projections 
of  the  original  micro-mounts  of  the  dissections  on  the  screen. — E.  T. 
CRESSON,  JR.,  Recorder. 

Feldman  Collecting   Social. 

Meeting  of  January  i6th,  1918,  at  the  home  of  H.  W.  Wenzel,  561.1 
Stewart  St.,  Philadelphia ;  nine  members  were  present.  Pres.  H.  A. 
Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  to  serve  for  the  year  1918 :  Pres- 
ident. H.  W.  Wenzel;  Vice  President.  Wm.  S.  Huntington ;  Treas- 
urer. H.  W.  Wenzel;  Secretary.  Oeo.  M.  Greene;  Ass't  Secretary,  }.. 
W.  Green. 

Coleoptera.  Mr.  J.  W.  Green  stated  that  he  had  taken  the  genitalia 
from  all  his  specimens  named  from  external  characters  as  L.ifjyrus 
gibbosus  DeG.  Those  from  the  females  were  useless  for  identifica- 
tion, being  mostly  membranous,  but  in  the  males  they  all  agreed  ex- 
cept one  from  Florida,  which  is  most  likely  neglectus  LeC.  Mr.  Daecke 
exhibited  a  specimen  of  Adcloccra  brevicornis  LeC.,  collected  by  J.  N. 
Knull  at  Charteroak,  Pennsylvania,  vi-2i-ij. 


Meeting  of  February  20th.  1918,  at  the  same  place;  eleven  members 
present,  Mr.  T.  L.  King,  of  Harrisburg,  visitor.  Pres.  H.  W.  Wenzel 
in  the  chair. 

Prof.  Sanders  gave  an  interesting  review  of  his  official  duties  and 
staff  in  a  general  way. 

Lepidoptera.  Mr.  King  remarked  on  the  Angonmois  Grain  Moth, 
Sitotroga  ccrcalclla  Oliv.,  which  causes  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  an 


2oo  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [May,   '18 

annual  loss  of  wheat  exceeding  in  value  one  million  dollars.  It  is 
spreading  over  the  entire  southeastern  wheat  region.  It  winters  as 
larvae  in  grain  in  granaries  and  barns ;  constructs  cocoon  within  grain, 
and  starts  to  transform  to  pupae  in  May.  May  10-20  large  number 
of  pupae  found.  First  generation  emerges  in  late  May  and  early 
June  coincident  with  the  heading  of  the  wheat.  Females  deposit  their 
eggs  under  the  glumes  which  protect  the  green  wheat.  Number  of 
eggs  per  female  ranges  from  36  to  148,  with  an  average  of  92.  Most 
of  the  eggs  are  deposited  the  first  and  second  days  after  mating. 
Hatching  occurs  in  7  to  9  days.  Young  larvae  gnaw  their  way  into 
the  green  wheat  and  feed  on  the  milky  contents.  Life  cycle  requires 
40  to  50  days,  and  in  some  instances  longer.  A  second  generation  oc- 
curs at  harvest  time,  and  this  for  the  most  part  emerges  after  the 
wheat  has  been  carried  into  the  barns.  This  leads  to  the  development 
of  three  more  broods,  so  that  in  all  there  are  five  broods  of  moths 
each  year,  and  there  is  evidence  that  we  have  as  many  as  six  broods, 
as  moths  were  found  in  the  barns  as  late  as  mid-December.  The 
great  destruction  of  wheat  by  this  insect  is  done  while  the  unthreshed 
wheat  remains  in  the  mow. 

Mr.  Daecke  exhibited  pitch  nodules  of  Evctria  virginiana  Busck  and 
E.  comstockiana  Fernald,  stating  that  those  of  the  latter  are  always 
found  on  one  year  old  shoots,  while  those  of  the  former  are  on  two 
to  five  year  old  branchlets.  This  led  to  the  observation  that  it  takes 
7'ii't/iniaua  two  years  to  mature.  He  exhibited  also  the  small  thin- 
walled  nodules  of  virginiana  at  the  end  of  their  first  year  and  at  the 
time  when  the  two  year-old  insects  are  emerging. 

Diptera.  The  larvae  and  pupae  from  pig  manure  exhibited  by  Air. 
Hornig  at  the  December  meeting  have  emerged  and  prove  to  be 
Chrysomyza  dcmandata  Fabr. 

Coleoptera.  Mr.  Hornig  exhibited  a  bottle  containing  milk  tablets 
which  has  been  in  a  desk  since  1912.  Upon  examination  this  was 
found  to  contain  live  Anthrcnus  larvae.  Prof  Sanders  said  there  is 
a  record  of  Trogodcrma  larvae  living  five  years  without  food. 

Mr.  J.  W.  Green  exhibited  the  Ligyrus  mentioned  at  the  January 
meeting  and  a  Florida  specimen  from  Dr.  Castle's  collection,  the 
genitalia  of  which  agree  with  his  specimen.  Sketches  of  the  genitalia 
were  also  shown  proving  that  gibbosus  DeG.  and  ncijlcctus  LeC. 
are  distinct. 

Mr.  H.  W.  Wenzel  exhibited  four  pairs  of  dents  hictus  King-  (ab- 
rnfittis  LeC.)  which  superficially  appear  to  be  four  different  species. 
Those  from  Boulder,  Colorado,  were  light;  from  Southeastern  Ore- 
gon had  dark  elytra;  from  Round  Mt,  Texas,  had  dark  elytra  and 
thorax,  while  the  Chisos  Mts.,  Texas,  form  had  dark  elytra  and  thorax 
but  were  much  larger. — GEO.  M.  GREENE,  Sec'y. 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  01  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  tht  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42i  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  181 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  New?,  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9  x  13x2*  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.— We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 


RECENT   LITERATURE 

FOR   SALE    BY 

THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 

Please    check    the    items    you    desire    of   this    list    and    return    it* 
with  your  remittance. 

MAY,  1918. 

COLEOPTERA. 

2086. — Knull  (J.  N.). — A  new  species  of  Eupogonius  from 
Pennsylvania.  (Cerambycidae).  (Ent.  News,  29,  1  ::•_'- 

133,  '18)    10 

DIPTERA. 
2087. — Cresson    (E.    T.,   JO. — New   North    American    Diptera. 

(Scathopha.uidae").      (Ent.    News,   29,   1:5:5-137,   '18) 15 

2088.— Malloch  (J.  R.). — Two  new  North  American  Phoridae. 

(Knt.   News,  29,   146-147,  '18) 10 

HYMENOPTERA. 

r.'Os.y — Girrult  (A.  A.). — New  and  old  West  Indian  and  North 
American  chalcid  flies.  [1  n.  g.,  7  n.  sps.].  (Ent. 
News,  29,  125-1:;!.  Ms)  15 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

2083. — Williams  (R.  C). — The  genus  Lycaena,  Enoptes  group 

(Ent.  News,  29,  99-102.  3  pis.,  '18)    20 

HEMIPTERA. 
775. — Gibson  (E.  H.). — The  genus   Corythucha   (Tingidae),   [21 

n.   sps.],    (44,  69-104,   '18)    55 

772. — Swain    (A.    F.). — New   Aphiuidae    from    California    [9    n. 

sps.] ,   (44,  1-24,  2  pis.,  '18)    50 

When    Writing   Plttane    Mention  ••  l.nt  .>ni->U,ti<-»1   New*." 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


u 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  amathonte 

stilkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  columbus  Urania  boisduvali 

"       andraemon  Erinyis  guttalaris 

celadon  Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 
devilliersi 


u 


u 


From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  "Lepidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

philoxenus  Brahmaea  wallachi 

And   Many  Other  Showy  Specie* 


u 


From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Armandia  Hdderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES   OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   SUPPLIES   AND   SPECIMENS 
ON   APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KN Y-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D.  404-410  W.  27th  Street 


JUNE,  1918. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.   XXIX.  No.  6. 


Benjamin  Dann  Waist 
1808-1869, 


PHILIP   P.  CALVERT,  Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.D.,  Sc.D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 

KZRA  T.  CRESSON.  •  1-  *•  G-  RBHN. 

PHILIP  LAURENT,  KRICH  DAKCKK.  H.  W.  WBN*BI_ 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 
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C.  V.  BLACKBURN,  I  2  Pine  St.,  STONEHAM,  MASS.,  U.  S.  A. 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  XII. 


8 


9 


WING    VENATION    OF    PEDICIINE    CRANE-FLIES    (TIPULIDAE 

DIPTERA).— ALEXANDER. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL.   XXIX.  JUNE,  1918.  No.  6. 

CONTENTS: 


Alexander— A    new    Interpretation    of  Brimley— Records   of   North    Carolina 

the  Wing-venation  of  the  1'ediciine  Odonata  from  1908  to  1917 227 

Crane-flies  (Tipulidae,  Diptera).. .  201  i    Malloch— A    New   Species   of  Johann- 

Weiss  and  Dickerson— The  early  sta-  senomyia  (Ceratopogonidae,  Dip.)  229 

gesof  Conthucha  pergandei  Heid.  Wilson— A    New   Species   of   Macrosi- 

(Hem.,Hom.) 205  phum  (  Aphididae.  Honi. ) 230 

Knight— Old  and  New  Species  of  Lo-  '    Ireland— Coenonympha  brenda(Lep.  : 

pidea  from  the  United  States  (He-  Satyridae)   231 


mip.,  Miridae) 210 

Marchand— The  Larval  Stages  of  Ar- 
gyra  albicans  Lw.  (Diptera,  Doli- 

chopodidae> 216 

McAtee— Psyllidae  of  the  vicinity  of 
Washington,  D.  C.,  with  descrip- 
tion of  a  New  Species  of  Aphalara 

(  Horn. ) 220 

Goe— Life  History  and  Habits  of  Gas- 
troidea  caesia  Rog.  ( Col  ) 224 


Editorial  — Making    the     Editorial     of 

Greater  Use  to  Entomology 232 

Yuasa — An    Extra   Molt   in   the   Nym- 
phal    Stages    of   the    Chinch    Bug 

(Hem.,  Het.) 233 

Emergency  Entomological  Service 234 

Entomological  Literature 237 

Obituary— Ottomar  Reinecke 240 

,  Dr.  Emile  Frey-Gessner. . . .  240 
William  Henry  Harwood.. .  240 
Richard  S.  Standen 240 


A  new  Interpretation  of  the  Wing-venation  of  the 
Pediciine  Crane-flies  (Tipulidae,  Diptera). 

By  CIIAS.  P.  ALEXANDER,  University  of   Kansas,  Lawrence, 

Kans. 

(Plate  XII.) 

Since  the  appearance  of  Needham's  exhaustive  work  on  the 
wing-venation  of  crane-flies*  there  has  been  a  tremendous  in- 
crease in  our  knowledge  of  the  group,  the  number  of  new 
species  described  in  the  past  decade  being  far  more  than  half 
of  all  those  discovered  in  the  preceding  century  and  a  half. 
These  novelties  have  included  many  interesting  new  types 
that  give  us  additional  and  suggestive  data  on  some  of  the 
critical  points  of  venation.  In  other  papers  I  have  shown  the 
probable  true  interpretation  of  the  Cylindvotominae  and  in 

*  Needham,  James  George.  Venation  of  the  whites  of  Tipulidae. 
23rd  Report  of  the  State  Entomologist  "f  New  York  for  1907,  pp.  2\j- 
248,  pi.  11-30;  1908. 

201 


2O2  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [ June.  'l8 

this  article  I  wish  to  take  up  a  similar  problem  in  the  Pediciini. 
The  tribe  Pediciini  is  one  of  the  smaller  groups  of  Tipulidae, 
in  North  America  being  made  up  as  follows:  Pcdicla  (4)  ; 
Tricy phono,  (22);  Ornithodes  (i),  constituting  the  Pediciae  ; 
Rhaphidolabis  (9)  ;  Dicranota  (5)  and  Polyangacus  (i),  con- 
stituting the  Dicranotae.  The  figures  in  parentheses  are  the 
numbers  of  apparently  valid  species  at  the  present  writing. 
The  species  described  by  Williston  as  Rhaphidolabis  dcbilis  is 
not  included ;  the  type  is  a  mere  fragment  and  the  species,  to 
my  knowledge,  has  not  been  rediscovered,  the  Alaskan  speci- 
mens so  considered  by  Coquillett  being  a  Tricyphona  that  was 
later  described  as  T.  glacialis. 

It  seems  advisable  to  discuss  at  this  time  the  reasons  for 
interpreting  the  venation  of  members  of  this  tribe  as  has  been 
done  in  recent  papers  by  the  writer  since  the  nomenclature 
of  the  radial  field  that  was  used  is  very  different  from  that 
hitherto  accepted.  Stated  briefly,  it  may  be  said  that  the  author 
believes  from  the  data  that  are  now  available  that  the  vein 
that  has  been  called  Ri  is,  in  reality,  Ri  +  2,  the  short,  oblique 
branch  of  R.2  having  been  hitherto  called  the  radial  cross- vein. 
It  has  long  been  a  striking  character  of  this  generalized  group 
that  the  so-called  radial  cross-vein  was  situated  far  out  at  the 
tip  of  Ri,  in  some  (as  'Polyangaeus  Doane.  to  judge  from  the 
author's  figure)  being  beyond  the  tip  of  Ri  and  appearing  as 
a  free  branch  of  R2 ;  in  others  (as  Tricyphona  vitripennis, 
Rhaphidolabis  flaveola,  etc.)  it  is  oblique  and  not  unlike  the 
branch  R2.  Recently  I  have  seen  a  remarkable  crane-fly  from 
the  north-western  United  States  (T.  protca}  that  proves  that 
the  above  interpretation  is  the  correct  one,  the  free  portion 
of  R2  being  long,  oblique  and  fused  with  7?i  only  near  the 
wing-margin  (see  diagram  2). 

This  interpretation  readily  disposes  of  almost  all  the 
Pediciine  genera,  fitting  the  condition  in  Pcdicia  and  in  most 
Tricyphona.  It  does  not  fit  Ula  because,  as  shown  elsewhere, 
this  genus  is  a  Limnophiline  type*.  The  apparent  exceptions 

t  Alexander,  Chas.  P.  Biology  of  the  North  American  Crane-flies, 
part  3.  The  Genus  Ula  Haliday,  Pomona  Journal  of  Entomology  ang 
Zoology,  vol.  7,  pp.  1-8,  plate;  1915. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NF.WS.  2O3 

to  the  above  interpretation  occur  in  the  commonest  Eastern 
Tricyphona  (inconstans  O.  S.),  where  veins  R2  +  3  are  fused 
basally  with  R^  for  a  short  distance  (see  PI.  XII,  diagram  6) 
and  the  r-m  cross-vein  connects  directly  with  the  sector  just 
before  its  fork,  or  just  beyond  the  fork  on  vein  7?5  :  some 
Dicranotae  (see  diagrams  7  and  10)  are  quite  as  in  the  above. 
It  seems  to  me  that  this  is  due  to  the  fusion  of  veins  Rz  +  3 
with  R^.  Thus  in  Rhaphidolabis  we  get  forms  (modest a,  fig. 
8,  rnbcsccns,  cayuya,  etc.)  where  the  cell  7? 3  is  sessile  ;  in 
R.  major  (fig.  9)  it  is  very  short-petiolate,  an  intermediate 
condition  to  that  found  in  R.  tcnuipcs  (fig.  7).  Even  in  the 
last  named  species  alone  there  is  considerable  variation  in  the 
length  of  this  fusion  in  a  series  of  specimens.  This  length  of 
the  petiole  of  cell  7?3,  i.  e.,  vein  Rz  +  3+4  (according  to  the 
present  interpretation)  is  one  of  the  most  variable  features  of 
venation  in  the  Dicranotae. 

This  interpretation  of  the  venation  would  give  the  Pediciini 
a  much  more  generalized  venation  than  the  earlier  interpreta- 
tion, and  other  features  of  the  adult  and  larval  organization 
certainly  confirm  this  belief.  All  four  branches  of  the  radial 
sector  are  present,  the  first,  R2,  being  fused  with  7?i  for  a 
varying  distance  back  from  the  wing-margin.  It  will  be  seen 
that  the  Tanydcridac  (diagram  i),  the  only  crane-flies  known 
where  the  full  complement  of  branches  of  the  sector  is  pres- 
ent and  attain  the  wing-margin  unfused,  lack  the  radial 
cross-vein  and  this  certainly  seems  to  me  to  be  suggestive. 
If  its  anterior  branch,  7?2,  is  swung  slightly  cephalad  to  fuse 
with  Ri,  then  we  have  the  apparent  radial  cross-vein  formed. 
We  must  await  more  evidence  before  we  can  finally  and  accu- 
rately interpret  the  radial  field  of  the  wing  in  all  crane-flies 
since  it  is  by  all  means  the  most  plastic  field  of  the  wing. 

In  Dicranota  (diagram  10)  and  Polyangaeus  alone  of  this 
tribe  the  true  radial  cross-vein  is  present  and  here  is  located 
far  before  the  tip  of  Ri,  proximad  of  the  upward  deflection 
of  R2. 

The  diagrams  herein  shown  (Plate  XT!)  illustrate  the  fol- 
lowing points : 


204  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June,  'l8 

No.  I  shows  a  typical  Tanyderine  (Protoplasa),  the  radial  field  not 
unlike  the  supposed  ancestral  Pediciine  type. 

No.  2.  Tricyphona  protea  Alex. ;  note  the  long,  oblique  free 
portion  of  R2,  fused  with  Ri  near  the  margin  only  (compare  these  two 
branches,  Ri  and  R2,  with  the  corresponding  figure  i). 

No.  3.  T.  diaphana  and  allies;  including  diaphana  (Doane), 
exoloma  (Doane)  and  frigida  Alex.;  here  the  posterior  branch  of  the 
sector,  R4,  and  RS  are  separate  (compare  this  field  of  the  wing  with 
the  corresponding  one  in  fig.  i). 

Brunetti   (1912)   erected  the  genus  Amalopina  for  a  small 
species  from  India  that  agrees  somewhat  in  venation  with  this 
group   of   species.     Later,   Bergroth    (1913)    was   inclined  to 
admit  this  name  as  valid,  but  included  with  it  the  group  of 
species  just  discussed.     I  do  not  believe  that  these  three  Ne- 
arctic  species  belong  to  the  same  group  as  Brunetti's  species 
which  has  cell   ist  M.2  open  by  the  atrophy  of  in  and  other 
venational  differences.     Brunetti  describes  this  group  as  hav- 
ing the  r-m  cross-vein  connecting  with  "the  2nd  and  3rd  longi- 
tudinal veins."     By  this  I  suppose  he  means  the  3rd  and  4th 
longitudinal  veins  since  I  know  of  no  crane-fly  where  the  r-m 
cross-vein  is  not  connected  posteriorly  with  the  median  vein 
(4th  longitudinal).     Or,  it  may  be  that  Brunetti  mistook  the 
basal  deflection  of  R$  for  the  r-m  cross-vein  since  this  sim- 
ulates a  cross-vein  and  apparently  connects  the  veins  he  de- 
scribes.    If  we  recognize  Brunetti's  group  Amalopina  surely 
we  must  have  other  names  for  the  many  other  groups,  such  as 
T.  kni^anai  (fig.  5),  T.  apcrta  Coq.  etc. 

No.  4.  The  common  Tricyphona  type  with  the  branch  R2  short  and 
simulating  a  cross-vein  and  with  veins  R4  and  RS  fused  for  a  varying 
distance  to  form  a  petiole  for  cell  R4,  this  fusion  being  longest  in  T. 
brevlfurcatn,  hannai  and  katahdin.  The  following  Nearctic  species 
come  in  this  group : 

T.  ampla  (Doane),  T.  aiiripennis  (O.  S.).  T.  calcar  (O.  S.)  and  7*. 
intinnnalis  Alex.  T.  brciifurcata  Alex.;  T.  hannai  Alex.  T.  apcrta 
Coq.;  T.  degenerata  Alex.  T.  hypcrborca  (O.  S.).  T.  glacialis  Alex.; 
T.  ritnpcnnis  (Doane).  T.  scptentrionalis  Rergr. ;  T.  ccn-ina  Alex.  T. 
vernalis  (O.  S.),  T.  katahdin  Alex,  and  T.  paludiciila  Alex. 

No.  5.  T.  ktiwanai  Alex.  (Japan)  has  the  r-m  cross-vein  connect- 
ing directly  with  the  sector  and  the  branches  R2+3,  R4  and  R5  all 
arising  from  a  single  point. 


Vol.  XXIX  |  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2O5 

No.  6.  The  inconstans  type.  Often  the  r-m  cross-vein  connects  di- 
rectly with  the  sector  before  its  fork,  as  shown ;  cell  R3  is  usually 
short-petiolate,  reins  R2+3  being  fused  with  R4  for  a  short  distance. 
Species  included : 

Tricyphona   inconstans    (O.    S.),    T.    constans    (Doane). 

No.  7.  The  type  of  Rhaphidolabis  tcnuipcs;  the  condition  of  the 
radial  field  not  unlike  the  last.  Species  included  : 

R.  (Rhaphidolabina)  fla-reola  O.  S.  R.  polymcroides  Alex.  R. 
tcnuipcs  O.  S.,  R.  ncomexicana  Alex. 

No.  8.  R.  modesta  types  ;  cell  R3  sessile.     Species  included  : 

R.  (Plectromyia)  modesta  O.  S.  R.  sessilis  Alex.  R.  rubesccns 
Alex. ;  R.  cayuga  Alex. 

No.  9.     R.  major  Alex. ;  cell  R3  very  short-petiolate. 

No.  10.  Dicranota  pallida  type;  radial  field  of  the  type  of  No.  / 
but  the  true  radial  cross-vein  present.  Species  included : 

D.  pallida  Alex.  D.  argcntea  Doane;  D.  noveboracensis  Alex.  D. 
rivularis  O.  S.;  D.  euccra  O.  S.  Polyangacus  maculatus  Doane. 

If  the  above  interpretation  of  a  backward  fusion  of  Ri 
with  R2  is  the  correct  one,  as  certainly  appears  from  the  data 
now  available,  it  is  the  first  case  of  such  a  fusion  in  the  Tipu- 
lidae,  the  apparent  fusion  in  the  Cylindrotominae  being  no  fu- 
sion at  all  but  an  atrophy  of  the  tips  of  veins  R I  and  of  R2, 
so  that  the  remaining  vein,  R$,  simulates  a  long  fusion  of  Ri  + 
2  +  3  back  from  the  wing-margin. 


The  early  Stages  of  Corythucha  pergandei  Heid. 

(Hem.,  Horn.). 

By  HARRY  B.  WEISS  and  EDGAR  L.  DICKERSON,*  New  Bruns- 
wick, New  Jersey. 

This  species  is  rather  widely  distributed  in  New  Jersey, 
having  been  found  by  the  writers  on  alder  (Alnns  ylntinosa) 
at  Trenton,  Morris  Plains,  Lakehurst,  Jamesburg  and  Plain- 
tk-ld  and  in  nurseries  on  birch  (Betitla  uigra,  B.  litiea,  B.  popu- 
li folia)  at  Springfield,  Elizabeth  and  Princeton.  White  birch 
(B.  alba)  was  examined  at  numerous  localities  with  negative 
results.  In  Smith's  List  of  the  Insects  of  Mew  Jersey  it  is 
further  recorded  from  Roselle  Park  by  Barber  and  from 

*  The  arrangement  of  the  authors'  names  has  no  significance  and  in- 
dicates neither  seniority  nor  precedence. 


206  HXTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  (  Tune,  'l8 

Lakehurst  by  Torre  Bueno.  This  list  also  includes  a  Staten 
Island  record  by  Davis.  Miss  Patch,  in  Bull.  134  of  the  Maine 
Agric.  Exp.  Sta.,  records  it  as  occurring  on  willow  and  alder 
between  Bangor  and  Orono,  Maine,  and  it  also  occurs  in  Ohio, 
according  to  Osborn  and  Drake,  in  Bull.  8  of  the  Ohio  Biol. 
Survey.  Heidemann,  in  the  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  vol.  viii, 
Nos.  1-2,  cites  records  from  Pennsylvania,  District  of  Colum- 
bia, Virginia,  Massachusetts,  Illinois  and  Kansas  and  states 
that  the  National  Museum  contains  specimens  labeled  as  found 
on  elm,  crab  apple  and  hazel.  Van  Duzee  in  his  check  list  of 
the  Hemiptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico  gives  the  general 
distribution  as  Eastern  States  and  Canada. 

It  was  described  by  Heidemann  in  Vol.  viii.  Nos.  1-2,  of  the 
Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  in  which  brief  mention  is  also  made  of 
the  larval  forms  and  eggs.  The  adult  overwinters,  having 
been  found  by  Barber  while  sitting  under  alder  during  Novem- 
ber. Heidemann  states  "under  fallen  leaves  and  in  crevices  of 
the  bark."  In  New  Jersey  the  insects  appear  during  the  latter 
part  of  May  or  first  of  June,  according  to  the  weather,  and 
eggs  are  deposited  on  the  under  sides  of  the  leaves  in  the 
pubescent  tissue  found  in  the  axils  formed  by  the  main  rib 
and  its  side  branches.  From  one  to  five  eggs  were  found 
in  each  axil,  each  egg  usually  being  inserted  at  right  angles 
to  the  leaf  surface  and  all  being  completely  hidden.  Eggs 
were  found  similarly  placed  in  the  leaves  of  birch.  Heide- 
mann records  finding  the  eggs  on  black  alder  (probably  Al- 
ints  rnhjoris).  Considerable  feeding  takes  place  during  egg 
deposition.  The  nymphs  after  hatching  feed  in  colonies 
on  the  under  sides  of  the  leaves  causing  a  discoloration  of  the 
upper  surfaces,  which,  however,  is  not  as  pronounced  on  alder 
as  the  discoloration  following  the  feeding  of  other  species 
on  other  plants.  On  birch,  however,  the  effects  of  the  feed- 
ing were  much  more  evident. 

By  the  middle  of  July  adults  of  the  first  brood  are  present 
and  copulation  takes  place  followed  by  egg-laying  during  the 
last  of  this  month.  Erom  five  to  six  weeks  are  required  for 
a  complete  life  cycle  and  during  the  last  of  August  or  first  of 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2O/ 

September,  adults  of  a  second  brood  appear  and  later  go  into 
hibernation.  On  account  of  the  extended  oviposition  period, 
it  is  possible  at  times  to  find  all  nymphal  stages  feeding  to- 
gether. Colonies  of  early  stage  nymphs  move  around  very 
little.  Colonies  of  fourth  and  fifth  stage  nymphs  move  around 
more  than  the  younger  ones,  probably  because  the  leaf  tissue 
at  one  spot  is  more  quickly  exhausted  by  the  larger  nymphs. 

Egg.  Length  0.5  mm.,  greatest  width  o.ii  mm.  Shape  elliptical, 
broadest  one-fourth  from  basal  end.  Base  rounded  forming  an  ob- 
tuse angle.  Viewed  from  side  one  surface  is  slightly  concave,  the 
other  side  gradually  rounded.  Tip  about  one-half  width  of  egg  at 
basal  fourth,  with  a  conical  cap,  just  below  which  is  a  constriction. 
Subtranslucent  except  for  apical  half,  which  is  brown. 

ist  Stage  Nymph.  Length  0.51  mm.,  greatest  width  exclusive  of 
spines  0.16  mm.  General  shape  elliptical,  sides  marginate.  General 
color  of  dorsal  surface  brown.  Fine  median  dorsal  line  on  head  and 
prothorax  broadening  out  into  a  spot  covering  most  of  the  dorsal 
surface  of  the  meso-  and  metathorax  and  first  two  abdominal  seg- 
ments. Posterior  abdominal  segments  lighter  at  lateral  margins.  Pro- 
and  mesothorax  and  each  abdominal  segment  beginning  with  the  sec- 
ond bears  a  spine  on  lateral  margin.  A  pair  of  spines  on  vertex  of 
head,  a  pair  on  front  and  a  double  pair  on  either  side  of  a  median 
line  on  top  of  head.  A  median  pair  on  dorsum  of  mesothorax  and  on 
second  abdominal  segment.  Four  median  spines  in  a  transverse  row 
arising  from  tubercles  on  fifth,  sixth  and  eighth  abdominal  segments. 
Each  spine  tipped  with  a  secreting  hair.  Eyes  red,  not  prominent. 
Antennae  white,  one-third  length  of  body  bearing  several  compara- 
tively long  hairs.  Rostrum  white,  one-half  length  of  body,  extending 
beyond  third  pair  of  legs.  Legs  white,  tinged  with  brown  at  apical 
ends  of  femora. 

2nd  Stage  Nympli.  Length  0.70  mm.,  greatest  width  exclusive  of 
spines  0.3  mm.  Shape  broadly  elliptical,  head  brown.  Light  median 
dorsal  streak  beginning  on  head  and  extending  into  ppithorax.  Outer 
thirds  of  thorax  brown,  median  third  white  beginning  with  posterior 
half  of  prothorax.  This  light  median  band  extends  through  the  first  and 
second  abdominal  segments,  which  are  also  lighter  at  sides.  Remainder 
of  abdomen  light  brown,  somewhat  lighter  at  median  posterior  por- 
tion. Spines  on  head  similar  to  those  of  preceding  stage,  save  that 
the  pair  anterior  to  posterior  margin  of  head  rest  on  tubercles  which 
also  bear  a  few  hairs.  Spines  on  lateral  margins  of  segments  similar 
to  those  of  preceding  stage  but  more  pronounced.  A  pair  of  tuhrr 
cles  on  dorsal  surface  of  mesothorax  and  fifth,  sixth  and  eighth  al> 
d"ininal  segments  each  bearing  a  spine  and  a  few  hairs.  A  pair  of 


2C)8  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |  Jt!Tie,  'l8 

spines  on  dorsal  surface  of  second  abdominal  segment.  Eyes  not 
prominent,  consisting  of  four  distinct,  red  ommatidia.  Antennae,  one- 
fourth  of  length  of  body.  Legs  and  rostrum  similar  to  those  of  pre- 
ceding stage. 

3rd  Stage  Nymph.  Length  0.88  mm.,  greatest  width  exclusive  of 
spines  0.43  mm.  Shape  oval,  somewhat  pointed  at  both  ends.  Slightly 
narrow  at  anterior  end.  General  color  brown.  Fine  median  line  on 
dorsal  surface  of  head  and  prothorax  widening  on  meso-  and  meta- 
thorax  and  extending  across  the  first  three  abdominal  segments.  Light 
median  dorsal  spot  on  7th  and  8th  abdominal  segments.  Spines  on 
lateral  margins  of  segments  similar  to  those  of  preceding  stages  save 
those  on  pro-  and  mesothorax  which  rest  on  tubercles  bearing  two  or 
three  smaller  spines.  Spines  on  remainder  of  dorsum  similar  to  those 
of  preceding  stage,  but  more  pronounced.  Antennae  slightly  longer 
than  those  of  preceding  stage.  Eyes,  legs,  rostrum  similar  to  those 
of  preceding  stage. 

4th  Stage  Nymph.  Length  1.2  mm.,  greatest  width  exclusive  of 
tubercles  0.67  mm.  Shape  oval,  sides  distinctly  marginate.  Brownish 
markings  on  dorsal  surface  variable.  Lateral  and  posterior  margins 
of  head  brown,  dorsal  surface  light  at  centre.  Prothorax  brown  on 
either  side  of  centre,  lobes  light.  Median  portion  of  mesothorax 
light,  lobes  dark.  Metathorax,  first,  second  and  third  abdominal  seg- 
ments all  light  in  some  specimens  and  a  brown  band  on  either  side  of 
centre  in  others.  Remaining  abdominal  segments  brown,  save  for 
lateral  margins  and  median  posterior  portion  of  abdomen  which  are 
light.  Head  bears  a  pair  of  separated  spines  on  front,  a  pair  to- 
gether on  vertex,  a  pair  of  separated  tubercles  bearing  several  spines 
and  hairs  on  top  anterior  to  posterior  margin.  Prothorax  lobed  at 
sides  bearing  a  pair  of  spines  on  outer  angle  of  lobe  and  two  anterior 
to  these.  Mesothoracic  lobes  bearing  a  pair  of  spines  at  outer  angle 
and  a  single  one  anterior  to  it.  Spines  on  lateral  margins  of  abdomen 
beginning  with  the  second  segment.  Beginning  with  the  fourth  ab- 
dominal segment  each  lateral  spine  has  an  additional  smaller  spine 
ventral  to  it.  Tubercles  and  spines  on  abdomen  somewhat  similar  to 
those  of  preceding  stage.  Dorsal  surface  of  lateral  margin  of  each 
segment  bears  a  brown  hair.  Eyes  reddish.  Antennae  white,  one- 
third  length  of  body.  Legs  similar  to  those  of  preceding  stage,  ex- 
cept that  outer  extremities  of  tibiae  and  tarsi  are  tinged  with  brown. 
Rostrum  extending  to  bases  of  third  pair  of  legs. 

5th  Stage  Nymph.  Length  1.6  mm.,  greatest  width  exclusive  of 
tubercles  0.92  mm.  Shape  broadly  oval.  Posterior  extremity  of  ab- 
domen forms  an  obtuse  angle.  Head  light,  tinged  with  brown.  Pro- 
thorax  with  a  brown  band  either  side  of  centre,  lobes  light.  Meso- 
thorax light  at  centre,  anterior  portion  and  apex  of  lobes  brown. 


Vol.  xxix] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


2CX) 


Metathorax,  ist,  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  light.  Remaining 
abdominal  segments  brown,  save  for  margins  and  dorsal  spines  which 
are  white.  A  pair  of  separated  spines  on  front  of  head,  a  pair  with 
united  base  on  vertex.  Tubercles  on  dorsal  surface  of  head  near 
lateral  margins  prominent,  separated,  each  bearing  three  spines  and 


Corytliucha  pergandei,  Heid.,5th  stage  nymph  and  adult  (after  Heidemann). 


two  hairs.  Prothoracic  lobes  with  tubercles  at  outer  angles,  each 
bearing  four  spines  and  a  hair.  Anterior  to  these  tubercles  are  two 
large  spines  with  a  smaller  spine  between  them  and  one  on  either  side. 
Wing-pads  of  mesothorax  with  tubercle  on  lateral  margin,  this  tubercle 
bearing  four  spines  and  a  hair;  anterior  to  it  are  two  smaller  and  two 
larger  spines.  Lateral  margin  of  each  abdominal  segment  beginning 
with  the  second  bears  a  tubercle  with  three  spines  and  a  hair.  A 
pair  of  small  median  spines  on  prothorax,  a  pair  of  smaller  ones  on 
mesothorax  posterior  to  these.  A  pair  of  median  tubercles  on  pos- 
terior margin  of  prothorax,  each  tubercle  bearing  two  spines  and  two 
hairs.  A  pair  of  separated  median  spines  on  2nd,  5th  and  8th  ab- 
dominal segments.  Two  or  three  hairs  anterior  to  these  spines  on 
5th,  6th  and  8th  abdominal  segments.  Kyes  reddish.  Antennae,  one- 
third  length  of  body,  light,  tinged  with  brown,  bearing  several  long 
hairs.  Legs,  light;  tip  of  tibia  and  tarsus  tinged  with  brown.  Rostrum 
reaching  bases  of  third  pair  of  legs. 


2IO  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  f  June.  'iS 

Old  and  New  Species  of  Lopidea  from  the  United 

States  (Hemip.,  Miridae).* 
By  HARRY  H.  KNIGHT,  Ithaca,  New  York. 

(Plate  XIII.) 

Lopidea  media  (Say).     Heterop.  Hemip.  N.  Amer.,  p.  22,  1831. 
(Plate  XIII,  fig.  1.). 

The  various  workers  on  Hemiptera  have  generally  agreed 
on  the  species  that  represents  Say's  Media,  type  of  the  genus 
Lopidea,  there  being  only  one  form  east  of  the  Mississippi 
that  will  fit  the  original  description.  Farther  west,  however, 
beginning  with  Colorado,  and  Texas  to  the  southwest,  media 
overlaps  with  two  species,  lepidii  and  intermedia,  forms  which 
could  never  be  distinguished  with  certainty  except  by  the  gen- 
ital characters.  The  writer  has  figured  the  male  genital  clasp- 
ers  (PI.  XIII,  fig.  i)  of  a  specimen  from  Missouri  which  is 
the  same  as  the  generally  accepted  media  Say.  Males  of  .this 
species  have  been  examined  coming  from  several  States,  rang- 
ing from  Maine  to  Colorado  with  two  specimens  from  farther 
west. 

The  writer  found  media  breeding  on  Solidacjo  ritgosa  at 
Four  Mile,  New  York,  in  company  with  Ilnacora  malina 
Uhler,  but  judging  from  the  distribution  of  the  species,  he  is 
of  the  opinion  that  it  breeds  on  other  plants  also. 

Records:  $9,  Aug.  16,  Ashland  Junction,  MAINE,  59,  July  3, 
Hanover,  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  (C.  W.  Johnson).  $  9,  July  13,  Swamn- 
scott,  MASSACHUSETTS  (H.  M.  Parshley).  59,  July  4,  Four  MiU\ 
59,  July  12,  Batavia  (H.  H.  Knight);  59,  July  3,  White  Plains 
(Torre  Bueno)  ;  59,  July,  Staten  Island  (Wm.  T.  Davis),  XE\V 
YORK).  5,  July  2,  Jamesburg,  NEW  JERSEY,  (W.  T.  Davis).  5. 
June  17,  Brightwood,  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA;  9,  Aug.  7,  1907, 
Hyattsville,  MARYLAND  (O.  Heidemann).  59,  May  30  to  June  23, 
Plummer's  Island,  59.  June  4-15,  Beltsvill",  MARYLAND;  59,  June 
6,  Mount  Vernon,  59,  June  23,  Glen  Carlyn,  VIRGINIA  (W.  L.  Mr- 
Atee).  5,  Ames,  IOWA.  59,  Julv  15,  Springfield,  Mis.sm'M 
(H.  H.  Knight).  5,  Aug.  15,  Bozeman.  MONTANA.  5  9,  June 
26,  July  17,  Fort  Collins,  COLORADO.  5,  July  3,  1891,  Ogden,  UTAH. 

Lopidea  intermedia  new  species.    (PI.   XIII,  fig.  11). 

Similar  in  coloration  to  media  and  lepidii,  to  which  species 

*  Contribution  from  the  Department  of  Entomology  of  Cornell  Uni- 
versity. 


Vol.  xxix|  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  211 

it  is  very  closely  related ;  differs  in  being  shorter  and  more 
compact  and  in  the  structure  of  the  male  genital  claspers. 

$.  Length  4.9  mm.,  width  1.7  mm.  Bright  red  with  fuscous  and 
blackish  as  exhibited  in  media,  shorter  and  more  compact,  the  an- 
tennae shorter  also;  second  antennal  segment  linear,  in  length  (1.31 
mm.)  less  than  the*  width  of  the  pronotum  (1.48  mm.)  at  the  base. 

9 .  Similar  to  the  male  in  si?e  and  coloration. 

This  species  was  found  breeding  on  a  purple  flowering  weed 
that  grew  in  clumps  along  the  small  stream  that  flows  by  He- 
lotes.  Few  adults  were  out  at  the  time  of  collecting,  but  tin- 
ny mphs  were  found  rather  plentiful. 

Holotypc:  $  ,  July  i,  1917,  Helotes,  Bexar  Co.,  Texas  (H. 
H.  Knight)  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allotypc :  Taken  with  the  type. 

Paralyses :   4    6,5    9  ,  taken  with  the  types. 

Lopidea  robiniae  (Uhler).  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  1:24,  ls;i. 
(PI.  XIII,  fig.  2). 

This  is  a  common  and  well-known  species  in  the  Eastern 
States,  breeding  on  locust  (Robinia  pseudo-acacia}  from  which 
its  name  is  taken.  The  writer  has  examined  specimens  from 
Georgia,  North  Carolina,  District  of  Columbia,  Pennsylvania. 
New  York,  Connecticut  and  Massachusetts. 

This  species  has  in  the  past  frequently  been  confused  with 
conflucns  and  even  Uhler  was  willing  to  place  his  robiniae  as 
a  variety  of  media  Say  (Proc.  Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  19:406, 
1878).  The  species  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  male  genital 
claspers  (PI.  XIII,  fig.  2)  which  are  very  characteristic;  the 
number  of  teeth  on  the  basal  part  of  the  right  clasper  and 
line  spines  at  the  tip  of  the  curved  part  may  vary  slightly  in 
number  but  the  general  form  of  the  clasper  is  distinctive. 

Lopidea  confluens  (Say).     Heterop.  Hemip.  N.  Amer.,  p.  2:1,   l^:;i 

(PI.  XIII,  fig.  P.). 

This  species  is  slightly  more  ovate  and  robust  than  robiniae, 
is  frequently  very  similar  in  coloration  bui  usually  more  orange 
or  reddish,.  It  has  frequently  been  labeled  robiniae  in  collec- 
tions and  the  onlv  certain  wax  of  determining  the  yellow 
is  by  examining  the  male  genital  claspers. 


212  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |  June.  'l8 

The  writer  found  confluens  breeding  on  Polymnia  uvcdalia 
in  Missouri  and  the  species  doubtless  lives  also  on  P.  cana- 
dcnsis.  There  appears  to  be  little  doubt  but  that  the  species 
here  figured  is  the  form  described  by  Say.  since  this  is  the  only 
common  form  in  the  Middle  States,  and  the  only  one  from 
Missouri  that  will  fit  the  original  description. 

Records:  2$,  July  29-30,  $,  Aug.  13,  Batavia,  New  York  (H. 
H.  Knight).  39.  Aug.  28,  Honesdale,  Penn.  (C.  E.  Olsen).  39, 
July  19  to  Sept.  5,  Plummer's  Island,  Maryland  (W.  L.  McAtee). 
$  9,  Aug.  ii,  Springfield,  Ohio  (W.  S.  Adkins).  2$,  59,  June  10, 
Flatwood,  Alabama;  42  5  9,  July  15-18,  Springfield,  Missouri  (H.  H. 
Knight). 

Lopidea  sayi  new  species.    (PI.  XIII,  fig.  5). 

$ .  Length  6.1  mm.,  width  2.1  mm.  Slightly  smaller  than  staphylcac 
but  very  similar  in  coloration,  the  antennae  being  more  nearly  linear ; 
bright  yellow  to  light  orange,  the  scutellum  and  more  or  less  on  each 
side  of  the  commissure,  fuscous ;  base  of  the  head  and  each  side  of 
the  median  line  of  the  front,  tylus,  rostrum,  antennae,  membrane, 
femora  and  tibiae,  black.  Sternum  and  sometimes  part  of  the  venter, 
fuscous ;  genital  claspers  distinctive  of  the  species. 

9 .  Very  similar  to  the  male  but  with  more  fuscous  and  less  orange 
in  the  yellow. 

Holotype:  $,  June  6,  1917,  Brown's  Ferry  on  Savannah 
River,  South  Carolina  (H.  H.  Knight)  ;  Cornell  University 
Collection. 

Allotype :    Taken  with  the  type. 

Paratypes:  $,  taken  with  the  types.  $,  June  15,  1902, 
Plummer's  Island,  Maryland  (O.  Heidemann). 

Lopidea    caesar    (Renter).      Caps.    Amer.    Bor.,    p.    67,    1876.      (PI. 

XTIT,  fig.  4). 

This  species  was  described  by  Renter  (1876)  under  the  new 
generic  name,  Lomatoplcura,  with  the  type  locality  given  a> 
Pennsylvania.  It  was  later  found  that  Uhler's  Lopidea  (  1872) 
was  very  similar  to  Lomatoplcura  and  the  only  points  of  dif- 
ference between  the  type  species  that  could  be  fixed  upon  in 
classification  was  in  the  linear  and  incrassate  form  of  the  an- 
tennae. The  writer  has  shown  in  a  previous  paper  that  the 
thickness  of  the  antennae  varies  in  the  different  species,  and 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  213 

that  the  incrassate  form  cannot  be  taken  as  a  basis  for  generic 
distinction.  Reuter  (1909,  Bemerk.  u.  neark.  Caps.,  p.  72) 
refers  to  cacsar,  having  before  him  a  male  specimen  from 
Texas  sent  by  Mr.  Heidemann,  and  a  female  specimen  which 
may  or  may  not  have  been  cacsar  (1876).  In  the  same  note 
the  author  remarks  that  the  second  antennal  segment  of  the 
male  is  "thinner"  than  in  the  female,  again  showing  that  he 
had  two  species  under  consideration.  The  male  considered 
above,  being  the  same  as  major  n.  sp.  from  Texas,  does  have 
more  slender  antennae  than  either  caesar  or  re  uteri.  The 
writer  finds  that  the  sexes  of  a  given  species  of  Lopidca  do 
not  differ  in  the  antennal  characters. 

The  writer  has  seen  the  more  important  collections  of  Miri- 
dae  from  the  United  States  and,  after  a  careful  survey  of  the 
Lopidca  material,  he  feels  quite  safe  in  saying  that  if  the  type 
of  Lomatoplcura  cacsar  came  from  Pennsylvania,  as  stated  in 
the  original  description,  then  it  can  be  only  one  of  two  species, 
that  which  the  writer  figures  as  caesar  (PI.  XIII,  fig.  4)  or 
the  species  renteri.  These  two  species  are  indeed  very  similar 
in  general  appearance,  having  prominent  incrassate  antennae, 
and  are  the  only  forms  coming  from  Pennsylvania  that  could 
be  taken  for  caesar.  Reuter  (1909)  determined  at  least  two 
species  as  caesar  and  it  is  not  to  be  wondered  at  when  one  sees 
how  closely  together  certain  species  run,  the  only  apparent 
difference  being  found  in  the  male  genitalia.  After  a  careful 
study  of  considerable  material  with  reference  to  the  color 
characters  and  distribution  of  the  species,  the  writer  has  fig- 
ured what  he  believes  must  be  caesar  Reuter  (1876). 
Lopidea  minor  new  species.  (PI.  XIII,  tig.  f>). 

Smaller  and  more  reddish  than  niyridca  but  larger  than 
minima. 

$.  Length  4.5  mm.,  width  1.6  mm.  Fuscous,  the  exterior  half  of 
the  corium,  the  cuneus,  sides  of  the  body  and  head,  reddish,  the  etn- 
bolium  paler;  prominent  dark  brownish  pubescence ;  genital  clasprrr^ 
distinctive  of  the  species,  showing  a  close  relationship  to  dcK'isi  whirh 
species  is  much  larger. 

Holotypc  :    $  ,  "Colorado"  ;  Cornell  University  Collection. 


-T4  FXTOMOT.iV.lOAT.     NEWS  |  TuilC.  'l8 

A:  es:    S,  topotypic:    $,  Dickinson.  North  Dakota   ill. 

Osborn). 

This    species    stood    in    the    Cornell    Collection    as    /.,-. ;-\c/,v 
.:.  being  received  in  an  exchange  lot  from  C.   F.  Baker 
in  1806.     It  ditters  from  /.:  in  its  small  size,  coloration, 

and  genital  claspers. 

Lopidea  picta  new  species.     <F1.   XIII.   tig.   :V 

Dark  fuscous  with  black  and  white,  ditt'ering  from  most 
species  of  Lopidea  in  the  absence  of  any  reddish  coloration. 

„"  .  Length  5.5  mm.,  width  1.78  mm.  Dark  fuscous,  calli.  base  o'  : 
head,  tylus  and  each  side  of  the  median  line  of  the  front,  rostrum 
and  antennae,  black:  anterior  part  of  the  pronetum  and  the  head 
ivory  white,  excluding  the  parts  given  as  black :  scutellum  except  the 
margins,  embolium  and  cuneus.  pale.  Side  of  the  pronotum,  pleurae 
and  venter,  white:  sternum,  sutures  of  the  pleurae  and  marks  on  the 
sides  of  the  venter  and  genital  segment,  fuscous.  Legs  fuscou-  I 

\.  coxae  except  base,  lower  edge  of  the  femora  and  apices,  pale. 
Second  antennal  segment  nearly  linear.  Cienital  claspers  distinctive 
of  the  species. 

$.  Very  similar  to  the  male  in  coloration,  certain  forms  shorter 
and  more  robust  with  membrane  abbreviated. 

Holotypc:  o.  Tune  15.  1000.  Pueblo.  Colorado  ( K.  D. 
BalH  :  Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allot y^c  :  topotypic. 

Faratypcs:  4  £,  2  9  .  topotypic  :  "  ,3  9  ,  July  24.  1000.  Sal- 
ida.  Colorado. 

Lopidea  incurva  new  species.    ^Pl.   XIII.  fig.   SV 

Slightly  larger  than  ;;.'/;; or  and  smaller  than  da:i:s:.  reddish 
with  the  fuscous  on  the  dorsutn  much  as  in  ir.inor;  male  genital 
claspers  distinctive  of  the  species. 

Length  5  mm.,  width  1.6  mm.  Second  antennal  segment  slightly 
thicker  at  the  middle  and  tapering  toward  base  and  apex.  Dorsum 
fuscous  with  only  the  exterior  margins  of  the  corium.  pronotum  and 
cuneus.  reddish:  membrane,  antennae,  eyes,  rostrum  and  most  of  the 
face,  fuscous.  Legs  pale  fuscous,  coxae  and  basal  half  of  the  fenvra 
pale  to  yellowish  and  pink,  tarsi  fuscous  to  black. 

Holot\fc:  '.  July  17.  Langdon.  Missouri:  Cornell  Uni- 
versitv  Collection. 


Vol.  XXl'x]  MXTOMMl.fK.M  AL    NKVYS.  215 

Allot \ pc :  July  17,  1.^92.  '/alesburg,  Illinois  (Heidemann 
collection.) 

Paratypc :  4  ,  same  data  as  the  allotype. 

Lopidea  major  new  species.    (PI.   XIII,  fig.  9). 

Very  large,  slightly  more  robust  than  either  cacsar  or 
rcittcri,  carmine  red  and  only  narrowly  fuscous  along  the 
commissure ;  male  genital  claspers  distinctive  of  the  species. 

$.  Length  7.3  mm.,  width  2.57  mm.  Second  antennal  segment 
scarcely  incrassated,  tapering  slightly  from  near  the  base  toward  the 
apex.  Carmine  red,  the  scutellum  lightly  infuscated  and  very  narrowly 
along  the  commissure  of  the  hemelytra ;  calli,  antennae,  rostrum,  head 
excepting  the  juga  and  bordering  the  eyes,  legs,  sternum,  genital 
segment,  and  membrane,  dark  fuscous  to  black. 

9 .  Length  7.5  mm.,  width  2.74  mm. ;  slightly  more  robust  but  very 
similar  to  the  male  in  coloration. 

Holotypc:  Z,  May  5,  1896,  San  Antonio,  Texas  (Marlatt)  ; 
Cornell  University  Collection. 

Allotype :  topotypic. 

Paratypcs:  $  6  9  ,  topotypic. 

This  is  the  same  species  and  some  of  the  same  material 
that  Renter  (1909)  had  before  him  and  took  to  be  cacsar 
when  he  stated:  "the  structure  of  the  male  genitalia  is  very 
characteristic,  the  tip  of  the  left  (sinistra)  forcep  being 
divided  into  three  rather  short  prongs  of  equal  length,  and  in 
addition  is  armed  with  a  strong  tooth  nearer  the  base."  It  is 
to  be  noted  that  he  should  have  said  right  clasper  instead  of 
left  (sinistra)  ;  also  the  female  that  had  "thicker"  antennae 
was  a  different  species,  and  possibly  cacsar.  The  material  was 
sent  to  Reuter  for  determination  by  Mr.  Heidemann  when 
that  worker  was  preparing  his  paper  "Bemerkungen  uber 
nearktische  Capsiden  nebst  Beschreibung  neuer  Arten." 

Lopidea  texana  new  species.    (PI.  XIII,  fig.  10). 

Very  similar  to  major  in  size  and  general  structure,  but  in 
color  more  orange  red  than  carmine ;  male  genital  claspers 
distinctive  of  the  species. 

$.  Length  7.3  mm.,  width  2.45  mm.  To  be  distinguished  from 
major  with  certainty  only  by  the  male  genital  claspers,  these  struc- 
tures showing  a  close  relationship  between  the  species. 


2i6  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [June, '18 

$.  Length  7.5  mm.,  width  2.7  mm.  Very  similar  to  the  male;  the 
more  yellowish  or  orange  red  coloration  serves  to  distinguish  the 
females  from  those  of  major  in  the  small  series  studied. 

Holotypc:    $,  Austin,  Texas   (C.  T.  Brues)  ;  Cornell  Uni- 
versity Collection. 
Allotype :  topotypic. 
Paratypcs:  5   9  ,  topotypic;  5  ,  May,  1896,  Texas  (Marlatt). 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XIII. 

Male  genital  claspers  of  Lopidea. 

A.  left  clasper,  dorsal  aspect.  B.  right  clasper,  dorsal  aspect.  C. 
right  clasper,  posterior  aspect.  D.  left  clasper,  posterior  aspect.  E. 
right  clasper,  internal  lateral  aspect.  F.  right  clasper,  external  lateral 
aspect. 

The  Larval  Stages  of  Argyra  albicans  Lw.  (Diptera, 

Dolichopodidae) . 

By  WERNER  MARCHAND,  Princeton.  New  Jersey. 

(From  the  Rockefeller  Institute  for  Medical  Research,  Department 
of  Animal  Pathology). 

While  collecting  Tabanid  larvae  by  sifting  the  mud  of  the 
edge  of  a  pond,  some  unknown  dipterous  larvae  were  found, 
which,  it  was  thought  at  first,  might  be  those  of  Chrysops. 
However,  when  bred,  they  gave  flies  of  the  family  Dolichopo- 
didae. For  the  determination  of  the  flies  I  am  indebted  to 
Mr.  E.  T.  Cresson,  Jr.,  in  Philadelphia,  who  identified  them 
as  Argyra  albicans  Loew.  The  species  has  been  recorded  for 
Princeton  in  Smith's  "Insects  of  New  Jersey." 

In  the  present  condition  of  entomological  literature  it  is 
practically  impossible  for  anyone  who  makes  occasional  ob- 
servations on  a  subject,  not  directly  falling  within  one's  own 
field  of  research,  to  ascertain  whether  such  observations  are 
new  or  not.  I  publish  the  following  fragmentary  notes  on  the 
flies  in  question,  in  the  hope  of  a  future  closer  co-operation 
between  students  of  Dipterous  life-histories.* 

*  According  to  Malloch's  recent  paper  (1917)  a  great  majority  of 
Dolichopodid  larvae  are  aquatic.  Malloch  makes  no  mention  of  the 
genus  Argyra,  but  points  out  the  meagerness  of  our  knowledge  on 
early  stages  of  this  family. 


SNT.  NEWS    "01,.  XXIX. 


Plate  XIII 


11 


OLD    AND     NEW     LOPIDEAE     FROM     THE     UNITED    STATES. -KNIGHT. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

Larval  stages  of  a  considerable  number  of,  chiefly  Euro- 
pean, Dolichopodid  species,  as  enumerated  by  Fr.  Brauer 
(1883),  are  known;  the  majority  appear  to  be  terrestrial  in 
habit,  being  found  in  damp  soil,  under  decaying  leaves,  in  rot- 
ten wood,  etc.  The  larva  of  a  species  of  Argyra  (A.  vcstita 
Wiedemann)  has  been  described  by  Th.  Beling  in  1882,  who 
found  them  in  the  sandy  mud  of  a  small  brook,  the  limicolous 
habit  apparently  being  characteristic  for  the  genus. 

The  larvae  of  Argyra  albicans  were  much  less  active  than 
Tabanid  larvae ;  they  do  not  float  at  the  surface  as  do  the 
larvae  of  Tabaiuts  lincola,  which  were  found  in  the  same  lo- 
calities, and  can  apparently  stay  much  longer  under  water 
than  these.  They  were  taken  as  early  as  March  24  (4  speci- 
mens) and  April  i  (one  specimen),  at  the  edge  of  a  small 
pond  on  the  premises  of  Princeton  University,  and  were  kept 
in  a  jelly-glass  with  some  wet  sand  and  plant-debris.  Two 
of  them,  which  were  seen  climbing  out  of  the  jar,  were 
transferred  on  April  /  into  a  crystallizing-dish  with  some  wet 
mud,  and  burrowed  into  it  immediately.  On  April  17  two 
oblong  cocoons  were  discovered  in  the  mud,  one  of  which  was 
opened  and  contained  a  freshly-formed  pupa,  bearing  two 
long,  horn-like  breathing  tubes  at  the  anterior  end.  The  pupae 
were  kept  in  a  damp  atmosphere,  in  the  crystallizing  dish, 
having  a  glass  cover.  On  April  20  the  eyes  had  turned  yel- 
lowish brown,  on  April  21  dark-brown;  on  April  22  all  parts 
had  become  black  except  the  abdomen,  which  was  pale  with 
black  hairs  visible  through  the  cuticle,  and  the  respiratory 
tubes,  which  also  were  pale.  On  April  23  at  1.30  p.  m.  two 
female  images  of  the  fly  were  found.  The  duration  of  the 
pupal  period,  consequently,  was  six  days.  The  cocoon  of  the 
one  specimen  which  had  been  left  undisturbed  was  found  to 
have  opened  by  means  of  a  circularly-cut  cover,  the  pupal  shell 
protruding  from  the  opening  in  its  entire  length  ( tig.  i  </  ) . 
(  )f  the  two  tlies  one  was  killed,  the  other  one  kept  alive  in  a 
test  tube  with  a  piece  of  apple  rind,  but  had  died  on  the  fol- 
lowing morning. 

Description : 


218 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[June,  '18 


Larva.  (Fig.  I  a).  6-9  mm.  in  length,  i  mm.  in  diameter,  12-seg- 
mented.  elongate-cylindrical,  narrowed  anteriorly,  the  first  segment 
being  small,  the  second  and  third  larger,  the  following  segments  of 
about  equal  length,  nth  and  I2th  segments  slightly  enlarged.  Head 
small,  two  chitinous  rods  supporting  the  mandibles  extending  into  the 
third  segment,  head  and  these  rods  brownish-black.  Remaining  body 
semi-transparently  yellowish-white.  Respiration  metapneustic,  two 
slender  tracheal  trunks  extending  all  along  the  body,  giving  off 
branches  to  each  segment,  their  openings  near  together  in  a  groove 
at  the  dorsal  side  of  the  I2th  segment;  two  shorter  tracheae,  which 
extend  through  segments  11  and  12,  likewise  opening  into  this  groove. 
Dorsally,  on  the  I2th  segment,  on  both  sides  of  the  respiratory 
groove,  two  triangular  lobes  formed  by  the  integument ;  two  similar 
lobes  placed  somewhat  behind  the  latter  and  lower  on  the  same  segment. 
On  the  anterior  border  of  segments  3-8  a  narrow  row  of  minute 


a 

Figure  i.     Early  stages  of  Argyra  albicans  Lw.     a.  larva  ;   f>.  pupa,  ventral  view  ; 
c,  pupa,  lateral  view  ;    d,  earthen  cocoon  with  empty  pupal  shell  projecting  from  it. 

spines.  Similar  rows  of  minute  spines  on  ventral  side.  Otherwise 
the  cuticle  smooth,  glassy,  shining,  not  striated.  Edges  of  segments 
5-10  somewhat  prominent,  reminding  of  vestigial  prolegs. 

Pupa.  (Fig.  i  b  and  c).  3-3.5  mm.  in  length  (with  breathing-tubes 
4  mm.).  Length  of  the  breathing-tubes  I  mm.  Dorsoventral  diame- 
ter of  thorax  1.5  mm.  Conical;  thorax  considerably  thicker  than  ab- 
domen, the  latter  narrowing  down  towards  the  tip.  Head  large,  two 
black  tubercles  at  the  front,  placed  narrowly  together,  two  small  ones 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

in  front  of  these;  a  bristle  on  each  side  of  this  tubercle;  two  dark 
narrow  lines  extending1  from  here  downwards  to  the  face.  Above  the 
region  of  the  mouthparts  two  appressed  bristles  slightly  converging 
with  their  tips.  On  anterior  edge  of  prothorax  two  slender  respira- 
tory tubes  of  equal  length,  projecting  beyond  the  head,  flattened  and 
pale  at  base,  pointed  and  shining  black  at  the  tip.  General  color  of 
fresh  pupa  white,  head  more  yellowish.  Abdomen  Q-segmented,  white, 
on  dorsal  side  reddish.  Dorsally  on  each  abdominal  segment  near 
its  posterior  border,  a  transverse  row  of  very  small,  short,  brownish 
spines.  Lateral  abdominal  spiracles  present  but  not  very  distinct.  The 
spiracular  areas  with  minute  punctuation.  On  the  ventral  side  of 
8th  abdominal  segment  a  fleshy  prominence  corresponding  to  the 
larval  anus.  Last  segment  (of  female  pupa)  short,  with  low  wart- 
like  prominences.  Wing-cases  rounded,  smooth ;  leg-cases  free,  con- 
siderably longer  than  wing-cases.  Pupation  in  the  mud,  in  oval-shaped, 
earthen  cocoon,  5  mm.  in  length,  with  smooth  inner  walls. 

I  notice  that  Baling,  in  his  description  of  the  larva  of  Arg\ra 
vestita,  mentions  not  four  but  five  integumental  lobes  on  the 
1 2th  segment,  counting  three  upper  ones,  the  middle  one  of 
these,  however,  often  being  much  smaller  than  the  two  lateral 
ones. 

In  the  pupa  of  Argyra  vcstita  Beling  mentions  on  the  front 
four,  short  stiff  bristles ;  he  did  not  observe  the  cocoon  formed 
for  pupation. 

The  habit  of  opening  the  pupal  cocoon  by  means  of  a  "cyc- 
lorrhaphous"  cover,  is  of  some  interest  and  may  throw  light 
on  the  evolution  of  cyclorrhaphous  from  orthorrhaphous  Dip- 
tera.  While,  as  seen  in  this  case,  some  orthorrhaphous  Dip- 
tcra  form  cocoons,  which  they  open  after  the  fashion  de- 
scribed, it  is  quite  possible  that  in  cases  where  pupation  takes 
place  within  the  larval  skin,  the  instinct  to  detach  the  cover 
from  a  surrounding  cocoon  is  transferred  to  the  larval  skin 
surrounding  the  pupa,  and  as  this  closely  adheres  to  the  pupal 
surface,  the  pupa  opens  it  by  the  same  means.  If  this  is  so, 
then  all  flies  which  became  cyclorrhaphous  originally  made 
cocoons,  a  habit  which  would  serve  to  explain  the  barrel-like 
shape  of  the  puparia  and  also,  to  some  extent,  the  fact  that 
the  last  larval  skin  is  not  shed  ;  in  some  cases  the  skin  may 
adhere  to  the  inner  side  of  the  cocoon,  especially  if  the  latter 


220  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June,  'l8 

is  made  of  hardened  earth  or  clay,  and  the  final  molt  may 
become  mechanically  dependent  on  this  factor  and  impossible 
without  it.  In  a  later  stage,  when  the  insects  have  adapted 
themselves  to  a  new  environment,  no  cocoon  is  formed,  but 
pupation  takes  place  as  if  there  were  a  cocoon  surrounding 
the  pupating  larva ;  the  larval  skin  cannot  be  successfully  shed, 
and  the  result  is  a  puparium,  but  the  latter,  consisting  of  both 
larval  and  pupal  skin,  is  opened  after  the  fashion  of  a  cocoon. 

LITERATURE. 
BRAUER,  F.,  1883.     Die  Zweifluegler  des  K.  K.  Hofmuseums  zu  Wien, 

Denkschriften    der    Wiener    Akademie    der    Wissenchaftcn. 
BERLING,  TH.,  1882.    Beitrag  zur  Metamorphose  zweifluegeliger   Insek- 

ten.     Archiv   fuer   Naturgeschichte,   Jahrg.   48,   Heft   2,   pp.   225- 

226. 
MALLOCH,  JOHN    R.,    1917.      A    Preliminary    Classification   of    Diptera, 

Exclusive  of  Pupipara,   Based  upon  larval  and  pupal  characters, 

with  keys  to  imagines  in  certain  families.    Part  I.,  Bull.  111.,  Lab. 

of  Nat.  Hist.,  Vol.  XII,  Article  III,  pp.  403-407  (Dolichopodidae). 

March. 


Psyllidae  of  the  vicinity  of  Washington,  D.  C.,  with 

description  of  a  New  Species  of  Aphalara  (Horn.) 

By  W.  L.  McAxEE,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  list  of  species  herein  presented  comprises  the  psyllids 
recorded  from  the  District  of  Columbia  region  in  the  papers 
cited  in  the  bibliography  plus  those  obtained  by  the  writer 
and  other  collectors  whose  names  are  mentioned  in  connection 
with  their  captures.  The  list  totals  23  species,  and  may  be 
compared  with  those  for  the  vicinity  of  Ames,  Iowa.1  15  spe- 
cies, of  which  4  were  described  as  new  ;  for  New  Jersey,3 
18  species,  of  which  one  is  cited  merely  as  n.  sp.  and  3  are 
recorded  on  hypothetical  grounds;  and  for  Colorado,  18  spe- 
cies, 14  of  them  cited  under  manuscript  names.3 

Of  the  23  species  here  listed  5  were  originally  described 
from  material  obtained  wholly  or  in  part  from  the  vicinity  of 


,  C.  W.  Proc.  Iowa  Ac.  Sci.  1894   (1895),  1'P-   152-171. 
2Smith,  J.  B.  Rep.  N.  J.  State  Mus.  1909  (1910)   pp.  108-110. 
3Gillette,  C.  P.  and  Baker,  C.  F.  Bui.  31,  Colo.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta.,  1895, 
pp.  113-115- 


Vol.xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEW?.  221 

Washington.  For  the  benefit  of  those  interested  in  the  fauna 
of  Plummers  Island,  Maryland,  it  may  he  said  that  10  of  the 
species  have  been  collected  on  the  island  and  3  others  nearby. 

Livia   Latreille. 

L.  maculipennis  Fitch. — Obtained  by  sweeping  in  marshy  situations 
in  May  and  June  and  by  beating  pine  foliage  January  to  June,  also 
in  October.  Abundant. 

L.  marginata  Patch. — The  only  specimens  seen  were  collected  at 
Falls  Church,  Virginia,  July  24,  by  Nathan  Banks.  These  were 
living  in  tufts  of  sedge,  the  upper  leaves  of  which  were  entirely 
etiolated. 

L.  vernalis  Fitch. — Swept  in  marshy  places  in  May  and  beaten 
from  pine  from  January  to  September;  has  been  taken  also  in 
October.  Abundant. 

Aphalara  Fo'rster. 

A.   calthae    Linnaeus. — A  very   abundant   species;   propagates   here 
apparently  exclusively  upon  Polygouuin,  commonly  on  P.  lapathi- 
folium.     Has  been  collected  on  the  food  plant  from  June     to  Oc- 
tober and  upon  pine  from  January  to  April. 
A.  eas  new  species.       (Text   figs.) 

Named  in  honor  of  Mr.  E.  A.  Schwarz,  who  has  done  much 
careful  study  of  Psyllidae,  and  published  some  excellent  pa- 
pers on  the  family. 

A  species  of  Aphalara,  recognizable  at  a  glance .  by  its 
chunky  appearance,  and  broad  milky  fore  wings  with  some 
of  the  veins  "darkened  distally.  This  species  belongs  to  the 
section  of  Aphalara  that  has  the  clypeus  rounded  truncate  and 
projecting  but  little  beyond  plane  of  face,  and  from  compari- 
son with  descriptions  in  Crawford's  monograph  and  with  speci- 
mens in  the  U.  S.  National  Museum  appears  to  be  undescribed. 

Length  of  body,  1.74  to  2.31  mm.;  of 
wing,  2.24  to  2.64  mm.  Width  of  head,  .<«; 
to  .76  mm. ;  of  thorax,  .82  to  I  mm. 

General  color  of  the  body  yellowi^i- 
green  to  yellow-brown,  with  following 
brown  to  blackish  markings:  last  2-3  joint> 
of  antenna,  underside  basal  two  joints;  im- 
pressions of  vertex  and  pronotum  ;  a  divid 
ed  semicircular  spot  on  front  of  praescu- 
tum  :  4  vittae  on  scutum,  those  of  inner 

At>lialara_eas\\*v.    Upper      j)ajr   curved    and    pointed    anteriorly ;    dist.tl 
ngure,  lorewing.   Lower  ngure, 
male  genitalia.  ends   of   tiliial    and   tarsal   joints;    most   of 


222  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [  June,  'l8 

the  thoracic  sutures;  ventral  segments  largely;  and  tips  of  geni- 
talia. 

Fore  wings  milky  hyaline,  veins  thick;  veins  near  apical  margin  and 
especially  those  bounding  marginal  cells,  dark  and  bordered  by  nar- 
row brownish  clouds. 

Male  forceps  almost  boot-shaped  in  profile,  the  "toe"  directed  pos- 
teriorly. Whole  genitalia  of  about  the  same  shape  as  in  A.  picta 
Zett. 

Type  male  and  allotypc  (in  my  collection)  from  Plummers 
Island,  Maryland,  May  I,  1914,  W.  L.  McAtee.  Paralyses 
include  specimens  from  Plummers  Island,  April  23,  1916,  L. 
O.  Jackson;  Maryland  near  Plummers  Island,  April  28,  1915; 
May  9,  1913;  May  18,  1913,  W.  L.  McAtee,  and  Great  Falls, 
Maryland,  May  6,  H.  S.  Barber.  Five  specimens  with  the  last 
data  are  in  the  National  Museum  Collection. 

My  specimens  were  obtained  by  sweeping  low  vegetation, 
the  particular  food  plant  unfortunately  not  being  determined. 

A.  picta  Zetterstedt. — Specimens  labelled  Washington,  D.  C,  are 
dated  from  May  19  to  October  15,  and  simply  Virginia,  from  May 
23  to  September  7.  Other  specimens  have  been  taken  at  Belts- 
ville,  Maryland,  June  15,  1913,  Mount  Vernon,  Virginia,  June  6, 
1915,  McAtee;  and  Dyke,  Virginia,  May  28,  1915,  L.  O.  Jackson. 
Specimens  in  the  National  Museum  collection  bearing  the  cabinet 
name  A.  astcris  Riley  belong  to  this  species. 

A.  veaziei  Patch. — Abundant;  extreme  dates  of  collection  May  11 
to  September  23.  A  cabinet  name  A.  solidaginis  Riley  indicates 
a  food  plant,  though  probably  not  the  sole  one.  The  species  has 
been  beaten  from  pine  in  June.  In  general  appearance  this  spe- 
cies and  the  last  seem  almost  to  grade  into  each  other,  but  the 
male  genitalia  are  distinct.  The  form  A.  veazici  mctzaria  Craw- 
ford apparently  has  not  been  taken  about  Washington,  but  I  have 
swept  it  from  salt  marshes  at  Wallops  Island,  Virginia,  (May 

25,  1913). 

Calophya  Loew. 

C.  flavida  Schwarz. — Originally  described  from  District  of  Colum- 
bia material.  Occurs  only  upon  Rhus  ylabra  where  it  has  been 
collected  from  May  i  to  August  4.  Usually  rather  scarce. 

C.  nigripennis  Riley. —  Abundant  on  Rhus  copallina,  May  4  to  June 
29.  Mr.  E.  A.  Schwarz  says :  *"Our  eastern  species  hibernate  as 
full  grown  larvae  or  pupae  on  the  stems  of  their  food  plants  and 
there  is  but  one  generation  each  year." 

*  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.  6,  1904,  p.  240. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  223 

Trioza   Forster. 

T.  aylmeriae  Patch. — Mt.  Vernon,  Virginia,  February  28,  L.  O. 
Jackson;  and  March  21,  1915,  McAtee. 

T.  diospyri  Ashmead.—  Abundant  on  persimmon  (Diopyros  rir- 
giniana)  ;  March  26  to  August  14. 

T.  obtusa  Patch. — Washington,  D.  C.,  April  G  and  27,  1885;  Mary- 
land, February  22,  1884,  A.  Koebele ;  Dead  Run,  Virginia,  in 
flowers  of  Amclanchicr,  April  23,  1916,  L.  O.  Jackson.  Cabinet 
name,  T.  ainelanchieris  Riley. 

T.  salicis  Mally. — Common  on  willow  from  June  to  August, 
though  nymphs  have  been  collected  as  late  as  October ;  found  on 
pine  foliage  from  November  to  April. 

T.  tripunctata  Fitch. — Probably  the  most  abundant  species  of 
Psyllid  in  this  region.  Plants  of  the  genus  Rubus  are  said  to  be 
the  true  hosts,  but  it  would  seem  hardly  enough  specimens  are  seen 
upon  Rubus  (May-July)  to  account  for  the  great  abundance  of 
the  species  on  pine  (October-June). 

Neotriozella  Crawford. 

N.  immaculata  Crawford. — Washington,  D.  C.,  October,  1883,  E. 
A.  Schwarz;  Mt.  Rainier,  Maryland,  November  14,  1915,  L.  O. 
Jackson ;  Eastern  Branch,  near  Bennings,  D.  C.,  on  Finns  lir- 
giniana,  December  30,  1915,  McAtee. 

Hemitrioza  Crawford. 

H.  sonchi  Crawford.— Washington,  D.  C.,  June  13,  19,  22,  36; 
Virginia,  October  9,  1881,  E.  A.  Schwarz;  Four-mile  Run.  Vir- 
ginia, June  29,  1913,  A.  Wetmore.  All  of  this  material  except  last 
lot,  was  used  in  connection  with  the  original  description  of  the 
species  (and  genus). 

Pachypsylla  Riley. 

P.  celtidis-gemma  Riley. — Common  on  hackberry,  May  8  to  June  7. 

P.  celtidis-mamma  Riley. — Not  very  common:  found  on  hackberry 
May  13  to  August  15,  and  on  red  cedar  (Junipcnis  riryiniana) 
and  other  conifers  from  October  to  February.  Specimens  labelled 
P.  c.-ininnta  seem,  to  be  only  small  individuals  of  this  species. 

P.  venusta  Osten  Sacken. — Department  of  Agriculture  grounds, 
Washington,  D.  C.,  September,  1892.  Miss  M.  Sullivan.  Originally 
described  from  Washington,  D.  C. 

Psyllopsis  Loew. 

P.  fraxinicola  Forster.— Washington.  D.  C.,  May  18  to  August  10, 
Hubbard  and  Schwarz. 

Psylla  Geoffroy. 

P.  annulata  Fitch.— Beltsville.  Maryland.  May  2s.  I'.HC,;  August  It, 
1914,  McAtee. 


224  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |  June,  'l8 

P.  carpinicola  Crawford.-  Common  on  Carpimts  caroliuiaiw.  May   15 
to  October  u. 

P.    cephalica    Crawford. — Washington,    D.    C,    July    1,    August    17, 
E.  A.  Schwarz. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY. 

CRAWFORD,  D.  L. — 1914.  A  monograph  of  the  jumping  plant-lice  or 
Psyllidae  of  the  New  World.  Bui.  85,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus..  186  pp., 
541  figs.  [Records  15  species  from  the  District  of  Columbia. 
Among  them  Hcmitrioza  sonchi,  new  genus  and  species  and 
Psylla  cephalica  new  species  are  described  from  District  ma- 
terial in  part.] 

McAxEE,  W.  L. — 1915.  Psyllidae  wintering  on  conifers  about  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  Science,  N.  S.,  41,  June  25,  p.  940.  [Five  species 
discussed.] 

OSTEN  SACKEN,  C.  R. — 1861.  Ueber  die  Gallen  und  andere  durch 
Insecten  hervorgebrachte  Pflanzendeformationen  in  Nord-Am- 
erica.  Ent.  Zeit.  Stettin.  22,  Nos.  10-12,  Oct.-Dec.  pp.  450- 
423.  [Describes  Celtis  gall  and  gall  maker,  Psylla  (now 
Pachypsylla)  venusta  from  Washington,  D.  C.] 

SCHWARZ,  E.  A. — 1904.  Notes  on  North  American  Psyllidae,  Part  I. 
Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  6,  No.  4,  Nov.,  pp.  234-245,  figs.  6-12. 
[Describes  Calophya  flavida  new  species  and  records  C.  niyri- 
pcnnis  Riley,  from  the  vicinity  of  Washington,  D.  C.] 


Life  History  and  Habits  of  Gastroidea  caesia 

Rog.  (Col.) 

By  MILTON  T.  GOE,  Portland,  Oregon. 

These  beautiful,  little,  dark-green  beetles  are  to  be  found  in 
countless  numbers  in  and  around  Portland,  Oregon,  from  the 
latter  part  of  March  until  late  in  autumn.  Plants  of  the  Dock 
species,  Rum  ex  crispus  and  Rnmcx  obtusifolins,  are  their  fa- 
vorite hosts,  and  on  bright,  warm  days  both  adult  and  larva 
may  be  found  feeding  upon  the  leaves  of  these  plants;  but 
during  cold  or  rainy  days  they  take  shelter  in  the  ground  near 
where  they  are  feeding.  From  my  observations,  I  find  of  the 
two  Rumcx  species,  they  prefer  obtusifolins.  The  adult  beetle 
and  the  larva  both  feed  greedily  upon  the  leaves  of  these 
plants  ;  the  larvae  eat  the  parenchyma  off  the  upper  and  under 
surface  of  the  leaves,  but  are  more  often  found  on  the  under 
side.  The  adults  are  even  more  devastating  than  the  larvae, 


Vol.  X\i.\|  ENTOMOLOCIC  \I.     \K\YS.  J_'5 

frequently  destroying  the  whole  of  the  leaf  except  the  midrib. 
The  Gastroideas  are  so  fond  of  these  plants,  and  confine  them- 
selves so  closely  to  them,  that  they  might  well  be  given  the 
common  name  of  Dock  Beetles. 

During  my  investigation  of  these  Chrysomelids  in  their  nat- 
ural surroundings  and  in  captivity,  rhubarb  was  the  only  culti- 
vated plant  upon  which  I  found  that  they  would  feed,  though 
I  tested  them  with  lettuce,  radish,  beet  and  other  plant  leaves. 
They  ate  sparingly  of  the  rhubarb  leaves  and  readily  left  them 
when  given  access  to  dock. 

Although  they  have  well  developed  wings  they  never  fly  and 
their  protection  from  enemies  is  their  color  and  habit  of  feign- 
ing death. 

The  female  deposits  her  eggs,  which  are  elongated  and 
of  a  dark-yellow  color,  in  irregular  masses  on  the  under 
side  of  the  leaves.  The  number  of  eggs  in  these  masses  varies, 
but  is  usually  from  thirty  to  forty.  The  eggs  are  always  de- 
posited during  the  day,  the  individual  laying  later  each  day 
until  the  laying  is  quite  late  in  the  afternoon,  then  she  begins  in 
the  early  morning  once  more.  One  especially  productive  fe- 
male deposited  a  batch  of  thirty-four  eggs  in  the  early  morning 
and  thirty  late  in  the  afternoon  of  the  same  day.  but  this  was 
an  exception  and  the  only  instance  in  which  I  have  known  of 
more  than  one  batch  of  eggs  being  deposited  during  the  same 
day.  Occasionally  there  are  days  of  rest  when  no  eggs  are  laid. 
One  female  deposited  thirty-three  eggs  on  the  fifth  day  after 
reaching  maturity,  which  shows  how  closely  one  generation 
may  follow  another.  The  first  generation  of  females,  which 
mature  from  pupae  that  have  passed  the  winter  in  the  ground, 
is  the  most  productive  generation  of  the  year.  While  the  aver- 
age number  of  eggs  produced  each  day  is  less  than  the  average 
number  produced  by  later  generations,  the  adult  life  period, 
and  therefore  the  productive  period,  is  longer  than  that  of  la- 
ter generations.  During  the  height  of  the  season  of  oviposit- 
ing, the  abdomen  of  the  female  is  so  dilated  that  the  elytra 
stand  at  almost  right  angles  to  the  body,  the  female  at  this  time 
being  much  larger  than  the  male.  At  the  end  of  the  laying  sea- 
son the  abdomen  returns  to  its  normal  sixe.  There  are  four  or 


226 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[June,  '18 


five  generations  of  this  beetle  each  year,  the  number  of  gener- 
ations depending  upon  the  length  of  the  warm  season.  The 
life  of  the  male  is  much  shorter  than  that  of  the  female;  from 
my  observations  I  found  the  life  of  the  female  to  be  about 
three  times  the  length  of  that  of  the  male. 

Following  are  the  dates  and  number  of  eggs  laid  by  a  female 
beetle  of  the  first  generation,  the  period  of  incubation,  larval 
period  and  the  time  required  for  pupation : 


March 

31 

29  eggs 

April  14 

32  eggs 

April  28 

38  eggs 

April 

i 

36  eggs 

April  15 

None 

April  29 

33  eggs 

April 

2 

31  eggs 

April   16 

3i  eggs 

April  30 

None 

April 

3 

30  eggs 

April  17 

32  eggs 

May       i 

34  eggs 

April 

4 

32  eggs 

April  18 

None 

May      2" 

33  eggs 

April 

5 

37  eggs 

April  19 

38  eggs 

May       3 

36  eggs 

April 

6 

None 

April  20 

32  eggs 

May      4 

30  eggs 

April 

7 

21  eggs 

April  21 

37  eggs 

May      5 

36  eggs 

April 

8 

37  eggs 

April  22 

32  eggs 

May      6 

None 

April 

9 

32  eggs 

April  23 

32  eggs 

May      7 

None 

April 

10 

32  eggs 

April  24 

33  eggs 

May      8 

33  eggs 

April 

ii 

9  eggs 

April  25 

35  eggs 

May      9 

None 

April 

12 

24  eggs 

April  26 

34  eggs 

May     10 

None 

April 

13 

36  eggs 

April  27 

None 

May     ii 

None 

May     12 

22  eggs 

Total,  1049  eggs. 

This  female  laid  no  more  eggs  after  May  I2th  and  on  May 
iSth  we  found  her  dead  on  a  leaf  of  dock;  most  of  these  bee- 
tles go  into  the  soil  to  die. 

April  9th,  fifteen  larvae  hatched  from  the  batch  of  twenty- 
nine  eggs  laid  on  March  3ist.  These  tiny,  black,  worm-like 
larvae  were  kept  in  a  jar  containing  about  two  inches  of  soil, 
and  provided  with  fresh  dock  leaves  daily.  The  larvae  of 
these  beetles  do  not  seem  to  moult,  but  simply  grow  larger  until 
they  enter  the  soil  for  pupation. 

April  26th  all  of  the  larvae  living  at  that  time,  ten  in  all, 
entered  the  soil  to  pupate.  Nothing  more  was  seen  of  them 
until  May  loth,  when  five  fully  developed  beetles  emerged 
from  the  soil,  five  having  died  during  the  pupal  period. 

During  the  process  of  transformation  these  injects  change 
in  color  from  black  to  yellow,  and  from  yellow  to  green. 

From  notes  taken  at  different  times  I  find  that  the  time  for 
incubation  is  from  six  to  ten  days ;  the  larval  period  is  from 
ten  to  sixteen  days,  and  the  pupal  period  is  from  fourteen  to 
sixteen  days. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  22/ 

Records  of  North  Carolina  Odonata  from  1908 

to  1917. 

By  C.  S.  BRIMLEY,  Raleigh,  North  Carolina. 

These  records  include  those  of  species  not  hitherto  taken  in 
North  Carolina,  as  well  as  any  other  records  which  materially 
extend  the  range  of  other  species.  The  species  new  to  North 
Carolina  are  marked  with  a  star  (*). 

Calopteryx     dimidiata    Burm.      Wakefield,    Wake     County,    eleven 
taken    on    Buffalo    Creek,    five    miles    from    here,   July    4,    1908, 
C.  S.  B. 
Lestes    vigilax    Hagen.      Pine    Bluff,    Moore    County,    twenty-one 

taken   in   July,   1914,   by  J.    D.   Ives. 

*Amphiagrion  saucium  Burm.    NRaleigh,  May  18,  1909,  one  female. 
Sunburst,  Hayvvood  County,  three  in  May,  1912,  one  in  May, 
1913,  C.  S.  B. 
Argia  fumipennis  Burm.     Raleigh,  one,  July  14,   1914.     Pine   Bluff, 

July,   1914,  seventeen,  J.   D.   I. 

Argia  putrida  Hagen.     Pine  Bluff,  six  in  July,  1914,  J.  D.   1. 
Argia  tibialis  Rambur.     Pine  Bluff,  July,  1914,  J.  D.   I. 
Argia   violacea   Hagen.      Wakefield,    Durham   and    Fuquay    Springs 

(in  Wake  County)  are  three  new  localities. 
*Enallagma    geminatum    Kellicott.      Pine    Bluff,    a    pair    taken    by 

Prof.   Ives  in  June,   1914. 

*Ischnura   prognatha    Hagen.      Raleigh,   twenty-seven    taken   along 
pools  in  marshy  stream  running  into  Walnut  Creek,  August  1 
to   29,   1914,   C.   S.   B. 
Telagrion  daeckii  Calvert.    Southern  Pines,  June  23,  1909  (1),  C.  S. 

B.;   Pine   Bluff,  July,  1914   (5),  J.  D.  I. 

Gomphus  brimleyi  Aluttkowski.  Lumberton  (as  G.  parrulus  in 
Ent.  News,  March,  1904;  identification  changed  to  G.  abbrcri- 
atus  in  Ent.  News.  March,  1906),  also  from  Southern  Pines, 
April  29,  1908;  White  Lake,  Bladen  County,  May,  1910  (F.  S.), 
and  Raleigh,  May  15,  1915,  C.  S.  B. 
*Gomphus  plagiatus  Selys.  Lake  \Vaccamaw,  September  20,  191.1, 

R.  W.  Leiby. 

*Gomphus  vastus  Walsh.     Black  Mt.,  late  May,  1910,  F.  Sherman. 
*Hagenius  brevistylus  Selys.     Raleigh,  one  male,  August  22,  1914; 
also   one   seen   mounted   in   collection   of   Mr.   A.   H.    Manee   at 
Southern  Pines,  and  said  to  have  been  taken  by  him  there. 
*Lanthus    parvulus    Selys.      Andrews,    Cherokee    County,    tenerals 
common  in  mid-May.  1908.  C.  S.  B.     Sunburst,  rather  common 
in   late   May,  19]:i,   but   none   seen  at   same   season   in   previous 
year,  C.  S.  B.     Black  Mt.,  late  May,  1910,  two,  F.  S. 


22tS  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |Jline,  'l8 

Progomphus  obscurus  Rambur.  Pine  Blufif,  July,  1914;  Southern 
Pines,  June  22,  23,  1909,  C.  S.  B.  Fuquay  Springs,  June  22, 
1911,  C.  S.  B. 

Tachopteryx  thoreyi  Hagen.  Raleigh,  two  taken  by  H.  Spencer, 
May  14,  1916,  near  Lake  Raleigh. 

Aeshna  umbrosa  E.  M.  Walker.  The  specimens  previously  listed 
by  me  from  Raleigh,  Linville  and  Highlands  as  A.  constricta 
should  be  referred  here.  Blowing  Rock,  September  4,  1915, 
one  male. 

Epiaeschna  heros  Fabr.  Southern  Pines,  May  15,  1909,  A.  H. 
Manee. 

Cordulegaster  diastatops  Selys.  Andrews,  late  May,  1908.  Sun- 
burst, a  few  in  late  May,  1912,  and  1913,  C.  S.  B.;  three  in  mid- 
June,  1911,  F.  S.  Southern  Pines,  April  8,  1910,  A.  H.  M. 
Aquone,  Franklin  County,  mid-May,  1911,  F.  S. 

Cordulegaster  fasciatus  Rambur.  Ridgecrest,  mid-July,  1916,  taken 
by  some  boys  and  brought  to  Mr.  Sherman's  office. 

Didymops  transversa  Say.     Greensboro,  early  May,  1913,  C.  S.  B. 

Helocordulia  selysii  Hagen.  Raleigh,  March  18,  1908,  and  April  17, 
1914,  C.  S.  B. 

Macromia  georgina  Selys.  Our  Raleigh  Macromias  seem  to  be- 
long here,  including  those  formerly  listed  as  M.  tacniolata  and 
M.  illinocnsis  (Ent.  News,  May,  1903,  and  March,  1906).  Rather 
uncommon  at  Raleigh,  flying  both  over  streams,  and  in  open 
places  in  dry  upland  woods,  from  late  June  to  mid-September, 
also  Southern  Pines,  September  6,  1909. 

*Macromia  australensis  Williamson.  Raleigh.  July  26,  1916,  one 
female  lacking  the  antehumeral  stripes,  may  belong  here,  if 
not  merely  a  variation  from  M.  (/corgina,  which  it  otherwise 
resembles  (C.  S.  B.). 

Neurocordulia  obsoleta  Say.  Southern  Pines,  June  5,  1909,  A. 
H.  M. 

Tetragoneuria  cynosura  Say.  Southern  Pines,  April  4,  1910,  A. 
H.  M. 

Tetragoneuria  cynosura  simulans  Muttkowski.  Here  belong  my 
"scmiaquca"  records  from  Lumberton  and  Raleigh. 

Tetragoneuria  semiaquea  Burm.  Here  belong  all  my  conihlamita 
records,  also  the  scmiaquca  records  from  Lake  Ellis.  Other 
localities  are  Southern  Pines,  late  March  and  April,  Manee; 
White  Lake,  May,  1910,  F.  S. 

Celithemis  elisa  Hagen.  Southern  Pines,  August  11.  1909,  three, 
A.  H.  M.  Pine  Blufif,  June,  July,  1914.  J.  D.  I.  Raleigh, 
August  29,  1914.  August  8,  1916. 

Celithemis  fasciata  Kirby.  Southern  Pines,  June  23,  1909,  C.  S.  B. 
Lakeview,  June  11,  1912,  C.  S.  B.  Pine  Bluff,  June,  July,  I'.UI, 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  22Q 

J.  D.  I.     Raleigh,  six  in  July  and  August,  1914  to  lOir,,  C.  S.  B. 
Celithemis  ornata   Rambur.     Pine  Bluff,  June,  July,   l'.»14,  J.   D.   I. 

White   Lake,  early  June,  1915,  F.  S. 
Erythrodiplax  minuscula  Rambur.    Raleigh,  June  18,  1908,  August 

3,  1915,  C.  S.  B.     Pine   Bluff,  June,  July,  1914,  J.  D.   I. 
Ladona  deplanata  Rambur.     Raleigh,  April  21,  1916. 
Libellula  auripennis   Burm.     Cape   Hatteras,  July,   August,    1909. 
Libellula   axillena   Westwood.      Raleigh,   August   4,    1908,    July    16, 

26.   1917;   Wakefield,   July   1,   1908,    C.    S.    B.      Southern    Pines, 

August  11,  1909,  A.  H.  M. 
Libellula   flavida    Rambur.      Fuquay    Springs,   June    20,    1911,    two; 

Pine   Bluff,  three  in  June  and  July,  1914,  J.   D.   I. 
Libellula  pulchella  Drury.     Sunburst,  late  May,  1913,  C.  S.  B. 
Libellula   semifasciata    Burm.      Sunburst,   late    May,    1913,    at    4000 

feet   elevation,   C.   S.   B. 

Libellula  vibrans  Fabr.     Southern  Pines,  June  23,  1909,  A.  H.  M. 
Nannothemis   bella    Uhler.      Southern    Pines,   June   23,    1909,   abun- 
dant.    Pine  Bluff,  twenty-six  in  June  and  July,  1914,  J.  D.  I. 
*Pantala  hymenaea  Say.     Raleigh,  August  11,  1915,  one  female. 

These  records  are  based  on  my  own  collecting,  on  collecting 
done  by  Mr.  F.  Sherman,  Entomologist  to  the  State  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture,  and  his  assistants,  on  specimens  received 
from  Mr.  A.  H.  Manee,  of  Southern  Pines,  and  on  collections 
made  by  Professor  J.  D.  Ives,  formerly  of  Wake  Forest  Col- 
lege, at  Pine  Bluff,  Moore  County,  in  June  and  July,  1914. 

The  total  number  of  forms  of  Odonata  which  T  now  have 
on  record  from  North  Carolina  is  104,  of  which  36  are  Zygop- 
tera,  and  the  remaining  68  Anisoptera. 


A  New  Species  of  Johannsenomyia  (Ceratopogonidae, 

Diptera). 
By  J.  R.  MALLOCH,  Urbana,  Illinois. 

In  describing  the  present  species  I  take  the  opportunity  to 
correct  an  error  in  my  synopsis  of  this  genus.* 

The  species  stigmalis  Coquillett  should  be  placed  among 
those  with  unspined  fifth  tarsal  joint,  and  should  run  down 
to  section  /  in  the  key.  The  characters  cited  under  the  first 
subsection  of  12  should  be  transferred  to  J  as  an  additional 
subsection. 


*Bull.  III.  State  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol.  X,  art.  6,  p.  332  (1915). 


230  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June,  'l8 

To  include  the  present  species,  Section  12  should  be 
changed  to  read  as  follows : 

12.     Tarsal    claws    exceedingly    long,    those    of    each    hind    pair    very 
unequal,  the  inner  about  4  times  as  long  as  the  outer, 

annulicornis  n.  sp. 

Tarsal  claws  short,  subequal  on  all  legs 13 

Johannsenomyia  annulicornis  sp.  n. 

$.  Black,  slightly  shining.  Back  of  head  and  vertex  brown,  re- 
mainder of  head  and  its  appendages  yellow,  apices  of  the  short 
flagellar  joints,  and  all  of  the  long  joints  except  the  bases  of  the  first 
two  fuscous.  Thorax,  except  prothorax,  and  abdomen  black.  Legs 
yellow,  mid  and  hind  coxae,  hind  femora  except  bases,  hind  tibia 
on  basal  half,  the  extreme  apices  of  basal  four  joints  and  all  of  apical 
joints  on  all  legs  fuscous.  Wings  clear,  region  of  cross-vein  in- 
fuscated.  Halteres  dark  brown. 

Antennae  very  slender,  longer  than  head  and  thorax  combined. 
Thorax  densely  short-haired ;  mesopleurae  with  similar  short  hairs 
on  the  greater  portion  of  its  surface.  Legs  very  long,  fore  and 
hind  femora  thickened  apically;  tibiae  not  setulose ;  basal  joint  of 
hind  tarsi  but  little  shorter  than  hind  tibiae;  apical  tarsal  joint  on 
all  legs  with  a  double  series  of  long  bristles  on  basal  half;  claws  each 
with  a  short  tooth  at  base,  inner  claw  on  hind  tarsi  about  four  times 
as  long  as  outer.  Third  vein  ending  about  one-eighth  from  apex  of 
wing,  first  at  about  one-fifth  of  distance  from  cross-vein  to  apex  of 
third;  media  and  cubitus  forking  before  cross-vein.  Length,  4  mm. 

Type.      9  ,   Illinois   State   Laboratory   of    Natural   History. 
Type   locality,   Lake   Villa,   Illinois,   July   21,    1916    (C.   A. 
Hart). 

A  New  Species  of  Macrosiphum  (Aphididae,  Horn.). 
H.  F.  WILSON,  University  of  Wisconsin,  Madison,  Wisconsin. 

This  insect  occurs  commonly  on  the  leaves  of  Rhododen- 
dron californicum  Hook,  along  the  coast  region  of  Oregon. 
The  description  was  made  from  specimens  collected  at  New 
Port,  Oregon,  June  15,  1915.  Apterous,  alate  and  pupal 
forms  were  present  in  great  numbers. 

Types  mounted  in  balsam  on  slides,  in  my  collection. 

Macrosiphum  rhododendri,  n.  sp. 

Apterous  i'ii  iparous  female,  deneral  color  pale  green,  a  few  pinkish 
forms  were  also  taken.  The  distal  end  of  the  fifth  and  the  entire 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  231 

sixth  segment  with  unguis  dusky.  Distal  ends  of  tibiae  and  tarsi 
also  dusky.  Hairs  on  antennae,  legs  and  body  short  and  heavy, 
spinelike,  capitate  at  the  tip.  Antennae  slightly  longer  than  the 
body.  Unguis  slightly  longer  than  the  third  antennal  segment.  Third 
segment  with  two  or  three  small  circular  sensoria.  Antennal  tubercle 
prominent  and  gibbous.  Nectaries  more  or  less  cylindrical,  but  with 
a  slight  taper  and  slightly  curved  toward  the  center.  This  latter 
character  produces  a  slightly  swollen  effect  which  is  accentuated  by 
the  constricted  tip. 

Measurements.  Body  length,  2  mm.  Length  of  antennae:  total 
length  2.26  mm.  Antennal  segments  III.  0.58  mm. ;  IV.  0.38  mm.  ; 
V.  0.38  mm.;  VI.  0.13  mm.;  Unguis  0.56  mm.  Length  of  nectaries- 
inside  0.55  mm.  Cauda  0.22  mm. 

Pupae.     Dark  grey  to  chocolate  brown. 

Alate  viviparous  female.  General  color  pale  green,  head  and 
thorax  dusky  to  black.  Antennae  with  outer  two-thirds  dusky. 
Tibiae  at  distal  end,  and  tarsi  dusky.  Antennae  a  little  longer  than 
the  body.  Fourth  segment  a  trifle  longer  than  the  unguis.  Third 
segment  with  30  to  40  irregularly  sized  circular  sensoria.  Antennal 


Macrosiphum  rhododcndri  n.  sp.— A,  Nectary.     B,  Third  antennal  segment. 

tubercles  large  and  gibbous.  Nectaries  as  in  the  apterous  form. 
Cauda  turned  upward  and  constricted  toward  the  middle,  as  in 
drawing. 

Measurements.  Body  length,  2.22  mm.  Length  of  antennae.  2.25 
mm.  Antennal  segments.  III.  0.578  mm. ;  IV.  0.4  mm. ;  V.  0.41  mm. ; 
VI.  0.09  mm. ;  Unguis,  0.53  mm.  Nectaries,  0.445  mm.  Cauda,  0.24 

mm. 

—     ««»   — 

Coenonympha  brenda  (Lep.:  Satyridae). 

I  spent  the  last  of  August,  1917,  in  the  Greenhorns  above  Glenville, 
California.  Noticing  a  pallid  little  Satyrid,  I  took  half  a  dozen,  more 
for  purposes  of  identification  than  anything  else.  Because  of  limited 
opportunity  to  collect  and  miserable  facilities  for  preserving  a  collec- 
tion in  the  oil-country,  T  usually  foolishly  disregard  the  insignificant 
sorts.  Imagine  my  chagrin,  on  reaching  home,  to  find  my  Satyrid 
to  be  Coenonympha  brenda!  While  not  gregarious,  three  or  four  were 
fluttering  languidly  over  every  high,  grassy  knoll,  and  a  day's  collecting 
would  have  yielded  a  hundred  specimens.  T  wonder  if  C.  brenda  is 
a  late-fall  species,  coming  after  we  have  about  given  up  collecting, 
and  thus  has  escaped  notice? — W.  IT.  IRELANP. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  JUNE,  1918. 

Making  the  Editorial  of  Greater  Use  To  Entomology. 
In  a  recent  (December,  1917)  number  of  the  Sigma  Xi 
Quarterly,  the  literary  editor  of  The  Independent  has  some 
amusing  remarks  "From  the  other  side  of  the  Barricade." 
the  obstacle  in  question  being  that  which  separates  editors 
from  non-editors.  Many  topics  are  touched  upon  but  for  our 
present  purpose  we  wish  merely  to  quote  the  following : 

And  there  are  others,  graduate  students,  assistants,  teachers,  men 
who  stand  at  the  very  frontier  of  human  knowledge,  familiar  with 
sources,  knowing  real  science  from  fake  science,  eager  and  able  to 
write,  but  when  they  come  to  me  or  I  get  after  them  they  ask  helpless- 
ly:  "What  do  you  want  me  to  write  about?" 

What  do  they  take  an  editor  for  anyway?  If  I  knew  what  they 
know  I  should  not  ask  them  to  write.  I  should  do  it  myself.  Do  they 
think  that  our  correspondent  somewhere  in  France  cables  to  us  :  "Come 
over  and  tell  me  what  there  is  here  to  write  about"?  Do.  they  think 
that  our\  musical  critic  drops  in  to  ask:  "Have  I  heard  any  new  com- 
posers lately  whom  you  think  I  ought  to  write  about  and,  if  so,  what 
should  I  say  about  them  ?"  Did  Columbus  go  to  King  Ferdinand  and 
inquire:  "Has  Your  Majesty  anything  in  the  sea-faring  line  that 
you  would  like  to  have  me  do  ?" 

To  these  extracts  we  should  like  to  add  the  last  sentence 
from  the  First  Report  of  Committee  on  Zoology  of  the  Na- 
tional Research  Council :  "The  Committee  ....  invites  from 
every  zoological  investigator  in  the  country  a  statement  of  the 
things  most  urgently  needed  for  the  promotion  of  his  own 
research  work." 

The  needs  and  problems  of  The  Independent  are  not  those 
of  the  NEWS  or  of  other  entomological  journals,  at  the  pres- 
ent time  at  least.  Whatever  opinions  may  be  held  as  to  the 
value  of  the  articles  published  in  the  periodicals  of  our  sci- 
ence, there  is  now  no  lack  of  material  to  occupy  the  available 
monthly  or  quarterly  space.  These  articles  are  almost  wholly 
technical,  often  narrowly  so.  But  in  the  prosecution  of  such 
special  and  limited  researches,  difficulties,  errors  and  hind- 

232 


Vol.  XXl'x]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2$$ 

ranee?  of  various  kinds  continually  appear.  Many  of  these 
could  be  overcome,  avoided,  or  removed  by  pointing  them  out 
and  discussing  them  in  a  general  and  impersonal  manner. 
Here  the  editorial  page  offers  an  opportunity  and  the  NEWS 
will  be  glad  to  have  suggestions,  from  those  enumerated  in 
the  first  sentence  quoted  above  from  the  Quarterly,  as  to  just 
what  some  of  their  problems  are  so  that  the  editors  may 
discuss  them.  Many  of  the  editorials  which  have  appeared 
in  this  journal  have  been  based  on  such  conscious  or  uncon- 
scious criticisms,  contained  in  letters,  manuscripts  received  for 
publication  and  other  sources.  But  we  should  like  to  have 
more  of  them,  for  the  editors  of  the  NEWS  do  not  know  all 
that  its  readers  and  contributors  know.  By  such  co-operation 
our  editorials  can  surely  be  made  of  greater  use  and  assistance 
to  the  progress  of  entomology. 


Notes    and 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   GLEANINGS   FROM    ALL   QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

An  Extra  Molt  in  the  Nymphal  Stages  of  the  Chinch  Bug 

(Hem.,  Het.). 

In  1875  Riley  in  his  Seventh  Missouri  Report  published  an 
original  description  of  the  four  nymphal  stages  of  the  chinch  bug 
accompanied  by  figures  of  the  different  life  history  stages.  His  de- 
scriptions and  figures  have  been  accepted  as  authentic  and  have  been 
copied  repeatedly  by  various  writers.  Professor  Forbes  improved 
the  original  figures  immensely  by  publishing  in  the  Twenty-third 
Illinois  Report,  1005,  an  excellent  colored  plate  illustrating  "The 
Chinch-bug:  five  stages  of  development  and  the  eggs."  In  the 
descriptions,  however,  he  stated  that  "the  chinch-bug  molts  four 
times  after  hatching."  A  careful  examination  of  available  literature 
on  the  subject  failed  to  bring  to  light  a  single  exception  to  the 
original  four-stage  notion  of  Riley. 

In  the  spring  of  1916,  I  had  an  opportunity,  at  the  Kansas  Experi- 
ment Station  to  raise  the  insect  under  conditions  which  permitted 
close  observations  and  obtained  invariably  five  molts  instead  of 
four,  as  is  generally  believed.  The  extra  molt  or  stage 
between  either  the  first  and  second  stages  or  second  and  third  s 
of  Riley.  The  exact  sequence  of  this  extra  stage  is  difficult  to  state 
because  of  the  inadequacy  of  the  original  description.  The  five 
nymphal  stages,  as  I  found  them,  are  distinct  and  can  he  distinguished 


234  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June.  'l8 

from  one  another  on  a  definite  structural  basis.  They  can  be  readily 
distinguished  by  the  degree  of  the  development  of  the  mesothoracic 
wing  pads  as  follows :  First  stage,  no  wing  pads  discernible,  no 
dusky  bands  on  the  mesothorax ;  second  stage,  no  wing  pads  visible 
but  a  dusky  band  on  each  side  of  the  meson  of  the  mesothorax,  the 
caudal  margin  of  the  dusky  areas  straight ;  third  stage,  rudimentary 
wing  pads  visible  as  a  slight  projection  from  the  caudal  margin  of 
each  dusky  band  on  the  mesothorax,  the  tip  of  the  wing  pads  not 
reaching  the  caudal  margin  of  the  mesothorax;  fourth  stage,  the 
wing  pads  distinct,  extend  on  to  but  not  beyond  the  first  abdominal 
segment;  fifth  stage,  wing  pads  very  distinct,  extend  on  to  and  some- 
times beyond  the  second  abdominal  segment.  These  five  stages 
were  found  in  the  fields,  indicating  that  the  extra  molt  occurs  in 
nature  and  was  not  an  abnormality  produced  under  artificial  condi- 
tions. Detailed  descriptions  of  different  stages  will  be  published  later. 
— HACHIRO  YUASA,  University  of  Illinois.  Urbana,  111. 

Emergency  Entomological  Service. 

Publication  of  the  reports  issued  under  this  heading  by  the  United 
States  Department  of  Agriculture  reporting  co-operatinn  between 
Federal,  State  and  Station  Entomologists  and  other  agencies,  sus- 
pended since  early  January  (see  the  NEWS  for  February,  1918,  pp. 
72-74),  has  been  resumed  with  No.  11  for  May  i,  1918,  consisting  of 
40  mimeographed  pages. 

As  in  the  earlier  issues,  this  number  contains  notes  on  many  dif- 
ferent entomological  topics,  so  that  it  is  difficult  to  give  a  summary 
of  its  most  important  contents  in  a  small  space.  The  data  given  arc 
not  only  of  direct  economic  value,  but  also  of  much  ecological  in- 
terest. 

The  foreword  says,  "The  general  tenor  of  all  the  reports  is  th">t 
there  has  been  considerable  climatic  control  of  insects  during-  the  past 
winter.  It  will  be  of  great  interest  to  watch  the  conditions  this  year 
with  a  view  to  determining,  if  possible,  what  that  control  has  been 
compared  with  other  years."  Thus,  winter-killing,  in  large  w- 
centages,  of  Coleopterous  and  Lepidopterous  larvae  is  reported  from 
Connecticut,  of  bag-worms  in  West  Virginia,  of  scale  insects  in  Michi- 
gan, Rhode  Island  and  District  of  Columbia  <»f  the  Argentine  ant 
at  New  Orleans,  of  codling  moth  larvae  in  parts  (but  not  all)  of  the 
Arkansas  valley  and  in  Illinois,  of  anhids  in  Virginia  and  Indiana; 
boring  larvae  in  dead  trees,  however,  are  exceptions  to  this  statement. 
Winter  losses  were  unusually  heavy  aiming  bees  that  were  not  properly 
protected  in  the  clover  region.  In  California,  where  the  climatir  con- 
ditions were  less  severe,  aphids  appeared  in  injurious  numbers  in 
January,  and  the  cotton  leaf -per foratoi  ( Huccitlatri.r  llun-l'cru'Ilu) 
has  appeared  "much  earlier  than  ever  before  observed,"  as  a  "quite 
alarming"  outbreak  in  the  Imperial  Valley.  In  southern  Arizona  "ex- 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    XKVYS.  235 

ceptionally  cold  nights"  by  interfering  with  the  development  of 
parasites  has  resulted  in  a  very  serious  infestation  of  aphids  in 
April.  The  citrus  white  fly  (nialcitmdcs  citri)  has  been  checked  in 
its  development  but  not  killed  "to  any  material  degree"  by  cold  spells 
in  Louisiana.  The  entomological  department  of  the  Florida  Plant 
Board  is  preparing  for  distribution  cultures  of  the  Red  and  Yellow 
.•Ischersonia  fungi  which  are  specific  enemies  of  this  insect. 

Among  insect  enemies  of  special  importance  are  noted  the  Sweet 
Potato  Weevil  (Cyclns  formicarius')  which  has  been  found  on  an  ad- 
ditional plant  (Calonyotion  bona-no.v)  in  Florida;  certain  varieties 
of  the  morning  glory,  especially  Iponioea  pcs-caprac.  are  considered 
!•>  be  the  preferred  host  plants  of  this  weevil  am1  hence  may  serve  as 
successful  "catch  crops."  Heavy  losses  from  this  insect  have  been 
suffered  in  Texas. 

The  acreage  in  Irish  potatoes  in  Louisiana  is  unusually  large  with 
complaints  of  injury  by  the  Colorado  beetle. 

The  Hessian  fly  began  emergence  in  southern  Illinois  on  April  i, 
a  week  earlier  than  in  1917,  and  was  in  flight  in  southeastern  Missouri 
on  March  18;  little  damage  from  this  insect  to  the  winter  wheaf 
crop  of  1918  is  expected,  however.  An  interesting  relation  between 
this  fly  and  joint  worms  is  brought  out,  but  is  too  lengthy  for  in- 
clusion here.  The  worst  injury  to  wheat  in  Kansas  has  been  caused 
by  the  false  wire  worm,  Elcodcs  of>aca. 

Abundant  rains  in  parts  of  Texas  in  the  first  hall"  of  April  are  cred- 
ited with  having  killed  nearly  all  the  chinch  bugs  there.  Outbreaks  are 
possible  in  southern  Illinois  and  parts  of  Missouri  and  Kansas. 

A  European  corn  stalk  borer  (f'yruiisia  nitbilalis  Hiibn.)  is  very 
abundant  in  eastern  Massachusetts,  causing  serious  anxiety.  It  may 
be  made  a  subject  of  quarantine  by  the  Federal  Horticultural  Hoard. 

A  warning  of  probable  destructive  outbreaks  of  white  grubs  in  many 
sections  north  of  a  line  from  Philadelphia  to  Des  Moines  is  sounded. 
Heavy   infestations   of   canker   worms   are   noted    in    Mississippi,    the 
eastern  part  of  Kansas  and  northeastern   Ohio. 

The  plum  curculio  is  expected  in  large  numbers  in  Georgia  and  in 
Ohio. 

The  pear  thrips  has  been  more  abundant  than  usual  in  the  San  Fran- 
cisco Bay  region  of  California. 

Both  the  cottony  cushion  scale  (Iccryii  purchasi)  and  its  enemy,  Ibe 
/Y</<;//</  lady-bird,  overwintered  successfully  at  New  Orleans,  the  for 
mer  only  being  killed  when  its  host  plant  was  destroyed;  "the  present 
status  of  Iceryu  control  at  New  Orleans  looks  very  encouraging."  In 
Tulare  County,  California,  spraying  orchards  with  a  proprietary  com- 
bined insecticide  and  fungicide  containing  arsenicals  destroyed  the 
I't-iliilia,  resulting  in  a  "very  striking  and  most  interesting"  outbreak 
of  the  cottony  cuslion  scale  on  citrus.  /  Y</<//I'<I  is  being  furnished  by 
hundreds  to  growers  in  Florida  by  the  State  Plant  board. 


236  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June,  'ig 

"The  destruction  and  cleaning  up  of  cotton  in  and  surrounding  the 
districts  in  Texas  invaded  by  the  pink  boll  worm  is  now  practically 
completed  for  the  crop  of  1917  ....  A  total  of  8794  acres  of  cotton 
land  has  been  cleared  of  standing  and  scattered  cotton  at  an  average 
cost  of  $9.94  per  acre.  The  cotton  fields  cleaned  represent  657  owners 
or  tenants  ....  Proclamations  have  been  issued  by  the  Governor 
of  Texas  quarantining  the  known  infested  districts  in  Texas  .... 
Within  these  areas  the  growing  of  cotton  is  designated  a  public  menace 
and  is  prohibited  for  a  term  of  three  years,  or  so  long  as  such  condi- 
tion of  menace  to  the  cotton  industry  shall  lie  deemed  to  exist."  The 
boll  weevil  and  the  pink  boll  worm  are  still  found  in  Arizona. 

Indications  are  favorable  for  outbreaks  of  grasshoppers  in  the  west- 
ern half  of  Kansas  and  in  Montana,  and  of  plant  lice  in  Wisconsin. 

"The  general  situation  in  regard  to  insecticides  over  the  country  is 
favorable  as  regards  the  amount  of  materials  on  hand  or  apparently 
available.  A  considerable  increase  in  cost  of  certain  classes  of  insecti- 
cides, however,  is  to  be  noted,  especially  arsenical  insecticides,  lime- 
sulphur  preparations  and  fish-oil  soaps."  Prof.  A.  L.  Lovett,  of  Ore- 
gon, expresses  the  belief  that  a  more  thoroughly  organized  effort 
among  entomologists  for  making  tests  of  insecticides  is  desirable. 

Several  entomologists  who  have  entered  the  Sanitary  Corps  of  the 
Army  having  expressed  a  desire  to  keep  in  touch  with  problems  which 
are  being  met  by  other  entomologists,  contributions  from  entomologists 
at  the  training  camps  will  be  welcome  and  will  be  given  a  separate 
heading  in  future  numbers  of  these  Reports.  Screw-worm  flies  ap- 
peared in  unusual  numbers  in  April  in  certain  parts  of  Texas,  which 
is  partly  ascribed  to  the  large  number  of  carcasses  of  animals  which 
died  as  a  result  of  the  extreme  drought  in  southwest  Texas  and  were 
not  properly  cared  for.  In  the  absence  of  Prof.  W.  B.  Herms,  now  a 
Captain  in  the  Sanitary  Service,  the  mosquito  survey  of  California  will 
be  continued  this  year  by  Prof.  S.  B.  Freeborn  and  the  State  Board  of 
Health,  and  it  is  hoped  to  complete  it  this  year.  A  malarial  mosquito 
survey  of  Missouri  is  under  way. 

"The  exports  of  1917  honey  to  Europe,  especially  to  the  United  King- 
dom, have  exceeded  by  far  any  previous  year.  During  the  winter  it 
was  common  for  more  honey  to  leave  for  Europe  in  ten  days  than  in 
any  year  previous  to  1914.  Imports  have  been  very  heavy,  but  honey 
is  now  included  in  the  list  of  articles  of  which  the  imports  are  restricte.l 
....  Requests  for  help  in  the  work  [of  Apiculture] espe- 
cially for  the  service  of  extension  men,  are  far  greater  than  can  In- 
filled because  of  a  lack  of  both  money  and  available  men." 

The  State  Entomologist  of  Connecticut  writes:  "Here  we  are  short- 
handed  and  it  is  hard  to  get  help.  Our  funds  are  somewhat  limited,  and 
this  probably  is  the  case  at  many  of  the  stale  institutions." 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  237 

Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.   REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnidu  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted, 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic^  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record. 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

4 — The  Canadian  Entomologist.  5 — Psyche.  11 — Annals  and 
Magazine  of  Natural  History,  9th  series,  London.  12 — Comptes 
Rendus,  Academic  des  Sciences,  Paris.  50 — Proceedings,  U.  S. 
National  Museum.  68 — Science,  New  York.  86 — Annales,  Societe 
Entomologique  de  France,  Paris.  87 — Bulletin,  Societe  Entomolo- 
gique  de  France,  Paris.  179 — Journal  of  Economic  Entomology. 
180 — Annals,  Entomological  Society  of  America.  184 — Journal  of 
Experimental  Zoology,  Philadelphia.  189 — Journal  of  Entomology 
and  Zoology,  Claremont,  Calif.  198 — Biological  Bulletin,  Marine 
Biological  Laboratory,  Woods  Hole,  Mass.  235 — Memorie.  R.  Ac- 
cademia  dei  Lincei,  5th  series,  Roma.  240 — Maine  Agricultural 
Experiment  Station,  Orono.  272 — Memorias,  Real  Academia  de 
Ciencias  y  Artes  de  Barcelona.  306 — Journal,  College  of  Agricul- 
ture, Imperial  University  of  Tokyo.  411 — Bulletin,  The  Brooklyn 
Entomological  Society.  420 — Insecutor  Inscitiae  Menstruus, 
Washington.  447 — Journal  of  Agricultural  Research,  Washing- 
ton. 490 — The  Journal  of  Parasitology,  Urbana,  Illinois.  548— 
Physis.  Revista  de  la  Sociedad  Argentina  de  Ciencias  Naturales. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Campos,  F.— Algunos  cases  teratolo- 
gicos  observados  en  los  artropodos,  180,  xi,  97-8.  Needham,  J.  G. 
—Aquatic  insects  (in  Ward  &  \Yhipple.  Fresh-water  biology,  pp. 
876-946).  Brittain,  W.  H.— The  insect  collections  of  the  Maritime 
Provinces  [Canada],  4,  1,  117-22.  Bruch,  C. — Nuevas  capturas  de 
insectos  mirmecofilos,  548,  iii,  458-iii1). 

PHYSIOLOGY  AND  EMBRYOLOGY.  Machida,  J.— The  sper- 
matogenesis  of  an  orthopteron,  Atractomorpha  bedeli,  306,  vi, 
215-44. 

MEDICAL.  Felt,  E.  P.— Insects  and  camp  sanitation,  179,  xi, 
93-106. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.     Emerton,  J.  H.— Studies  of  Canadian  spi- 


238  KNTOMOLor.iCAL  NEWS.  [June, '18 

ders  in  summer  of  1917,  4,  1,  128-9.  Ewing  &  Hartzell— The  chig- 
ger-mites  affecting  man  and  domestic  animals,  179,  xi,  256-64. 
Frers,  A.  G. — Xota  sobre  "Apembolephaenus  jorgei,"  548,  iii,  405-6. 
Wolcott,  R.  H. — The  water-mites  (Hydracarina)  (in  Ward  &  Whip- 
pie.  Fresh-water  biology,  pp.  851-875). 

Chamberlin,  R.  V. — Myriapods  from  Nashville,  Tennessee,  5,  xxv, 
23-30.  Hodgkiss,  H.  E. — Eriophyes  ramosus  n.  sp.,  179,  xi,  149. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Bruch,  C.— Desarrollo  de  Chrysopa  la- 
nata,  548,  iii,  361-9.  Grassi,  B. — Flagellati  viventi  nei  termiti,  235, 
xii,  331-94.  Longinos  Navas,  R.  P. — N.  nuevos  o  poco  conocidos, 
272,  xiii,  No.  26,  16  pp. 

ORTHOPTERA.  Caudell,  A.  N.— On  a  collection  of  O..  made 
in  Central  Peru  (exclusive  of  the  Locustidae).  420,  vi,  1-70.  Glaser, 
R.  W. — A  systematic  study  of  the  organisms  distributed  under  the 
name  of  Coccobacillus  acridiorum,  180,  xi.  19-42.  Pantel,  J. — A 
proposito  de  un  Anisolabis.  Contribucion  al  estudio  de  los  or- 
ganos  voladores  y  de  los  asclerites  toracicos  en  los  Dermapteros, 
272,  xiv,  No.  1,  160  pp.  Sanford,  E  W. — Experiments  on  the  physi- 
ology of  digestion  in  the  Blattidae,  184,  xxv,  355-412. 

HEMIPTERA.  Becker,  G.  G. — Notes  on  the  woolly  aphis,  179, 
xi,  245-55.  Bruch,  C. — (See  General  Subjects).  Fulton,  B.  B.— 
Observations  on  the  life-history  and  habits  of  Filophorus  walshii, 
180,  xi,  93-6.  Johnson  &  Ledig — Tentative  list  of  Hemiptera  from 
the  Claremont-Laguna  region,  189,  x,  3-8.  Lathrop,  F.  H. — Notes 
on  three  species  of  apple  leaf  hoppers,  179,  xi,  144-S.  Paddock,  F. 
B.— Texas  aphid  notes,  179,  xi,  29-32.  Smulyan,  M.  T.— Key  and 
descriptions  for  the  separation  and  determination  of  ...  stem 
mothers  of  three  species  of  aphids  .  .  .,  5,  xxv,  19-23. 

Knight,  H.  H. — Additional  data  on  the  distribution  and  food 
plants  of  Lygus,  with  descriptions  of  a  n.  sp.  and  var.,  411,  xiii, 
42-5. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Ainslie,  G.  G.— Contributions  to  a  knowledge 
of  the  Crambinae  of  N.  A.  I.,  180,  xi,  51-62.  Benedict,  R.  C.— The 
yellow  clothes  moth,  68,  xlvii,  39:2.  Brethes,  J. — Description  d'une 
galle  et  du  papillon  qui  la  produit,  548,  iii,  449-51.  Dyar,  H.  G.— 
Descriptions  of  new  L.  from  Mexico,  50,  liv,  335-72.  Giacomelli,  E. 
—Nuevos  estudios  y  observaciones  sobre  Pieridas  argentinas.  No- 
tas  lepidopterologicas,  548,  iii,  370-85;  106-9.  King,  J.  L. — Notes  on 
the  biology  of  the  angoumois  grain  moth,  Sitotroga  cercalella,  179, 
xi,  87-93.  Peterson,  A. — Some  experiments  on  the  adults  and  eggs 
of  the  peach  tree  borer,  Sanninoidca  exitiosa,  and  other  notes,  179, 
xi,  46-5.").  Prout,  L.  B. — New  Heterocera  in  the  Joirey  collection, 
11,  i,  312-18.  Turner,  C.  H. — The  locomotions  of  surface-feeding 


Vol.  xxix]  !  XTOMOLOGICAL    NE\VS. 

caterpillars  are  not  tropisms,  198,  xxxiv,  157-148.     Webster,  R.  L,.— 
Notes  on  a  spirea  leaf-roller,  179,  xi,  269. 

DIPTERA.  Aldrich,  J.  M.— Notes  on  D.,  5,  xxv,  30-5.  Seasonal 
and  climatic  variations  in  C'erodonta.  180,  xi,  63-6.  Barber,  G.  W. 
—On  the  life1  history  of  Sarcophaga  eleodis,  179,  xi,  268.  Brethes, 
J. — Description  d'une  cecidie  et  de  sa  Cecidomyie  d'une  "Lippia" 
d'Entre  Rios,  548,  iii,  411-13.  Bruch,  C. — Observaciones  sobre 
"Hirmoneura  exotica,"  548,  iii,  427-30.  Cameron,  A.  E. — Life  history 
of  the  leaf-eating  crane-fly  (Cylindrotoma  splendens),  180,  xi,  67-89. 
Claassen,  P.  W. — Observations  on  the  life  history  and  biology  of 
Agromyza  laterella,  180,  xi,  9-18.  Cockerell,  T.  D.  A. — The  mos- 
quitoes of  Colorado,  179,  xi,  195-200.  Dunn,  L.  H. — Studies  on  the 
screw  worm  fly,  Chrysomyia  macellaria,  in  Panama,  490,  iv,  111-121. 
Hutchison,  R.  H. — Overwintering  of  the  house  fly,  447,  xiii,  149-70. 
Malloch,  J.  R. — -Key  for  the  specific  identification  of  the  females  of 
the  dipterous  genus  Hydrotaea  found  in  N.  A.,  411,  xiii,  30-3. 

Dyar,  H.  G. — The  male  genitalia  of  Aedes  as  indicative  of  nat- 
ural affinities.  A  revision  of  the  American  species  of  Culex  on  the 
male  genitalia.  A  note  on  the  American  species  of  Mansonia, 
420,  vi,  71-86;  86-111;  112-116.  Malloch,  J.  R.— A  partial  key  to 
species  of  Agromyza,  Paper  2,  4,  1,  130-2.  A  n.  sp.  of  Orthocladius 
(Chironomidae),  411,  xiii,  42.  Parker,  R.  R. — A  new  sp.  of  Sarco- 
phaga from  Br.  Columbia,  4,  1,  122-4. 

COLEOPTERA.  Bruch,  C.— (See  General  Subjects).  Burke, 
H.  E. — Notes  on  some  southwestern  Buprestidae,  179,  xi,  209-11. 
Desbordes,  H. — Contribution  a  la  connaissance  des  Histerides,  3 
Mem.,  86,  Ixxxvi,  165-92.  Garnett,  R.  T.— Notes  on  the  genus  Bu- 
prestis,  in  California,  180,  xi,  90-2.  Hayes,  W.  P. — Studies  on  the 
life-history  of  two  Kansas  Scarabaeidae,  179,  xi,  136-44.  Pic,  M. 
— Especes  nouvelles  du  genre  Statira,  et  notes  synonymiques,  87, 
1918,  95-6.  Tremoleras,  J. — Description  d'un  carabique  nouveau 
appartenant  au  genre  "Ega,"  548,  iii,  436-7.  Woods,  W.  C. — The 
biology  of  the  alder  flea-beetle  (Altica  bimarginata),  240,  Bui.  265. 

Barber,  H.  G. — A  n.  sp.  of  Leptoglossus:  a  new  Blissus  and  vari- 
eties, 411,  xiii,  :;.->-9.  Davis,  W.  T.— A  new  tiger-beetle  from  Texas, 
411,  xiii,  33-4.  Ferris,  G.  F.— An  apparently  n.  sp.  of  Leptinillus 
(Leptinidae),  4,  1,  125-8.  Fisher,  W.  S.— A  new  Hoplia  from  Flor- 
ida, 4,  1,  140-2. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Cockerell,  T.  D.  A.— Some  South  American 
bees,  4,  1,  137- HO.  Brethes,  J.— Description  d'un  Chalcidien  galli- 
cole  de  la  Reptibli<|iu-  Argentine,  87,  191S,  S2-4.  Bruch,  C.— Hormi- 
gas  de  Catamarca  (see  also  (u-ncral  Subjects),  548,  iii,  430-3.  Fri- 
son,  T.  H.— Additional  notes  on  the  life  history  of  I'.ombus  auri- 


24O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June,  'l8 

comus,  180,  xi,  43-50.  Lecaillon,  A.— Sur  la  maniere  dont  1'Ammo- 
phile  herissee  (Psammophila  hirsuta)  capture  et  transporte  sa 
proie,  et  sur  1'explication  rationnelle  de  1'instinct  de  cet  hymenop- 
tere,  12,  1918,  530-2.  Nelson,  J.  A.— The  segmentation  of  the  ab- 
domen of  the  honey  bee,  180,  xi,  1-8.  Whiting,  P.  W. — Sex-deter- 
mination and  biology  of  a  parasitic  wasp,  Hadrobracon  brevicornis, 
198,  xxxiv,  250-6.  Wolcott,  G.  N. — An  emergence  response  of  Tri- 
chogramma  minutum  to  light,  179,  xi,  205-9. 


OBITUARY. 

The  March,  1918,  issue  of  The  Oologist,  of  Lacon,  Illinois, 
contains  an  obituary  notice  and  portrait  of  OTTOMAR  REI- 
NECKE, who,  in  cooperation  with  Frank  H.  Zesch,  published  a 
"List  of  the  Coleoptera  Observed  and  Collected  in  the  Vicinity 
of  Buffalo"  (Bulletin,  Buff.  Soc.  Nat.  Sci.,  iv,  pp.  2-15,  July. 
1881).  This  list  gives  the  names  of  species  only,  collected 
''within  a  radius  not  exceeding  fifteen  miles  [during]  .  .  . 
a  period  of  nearly  fourteen  years."  An  ''Additional  List  of 
Coleoptera  collected  by  Ottomar  Reinecke,"  likewise  of 
names  only,  appeared  in  January,  1882,  on  page  55  of  the 
same  volume.  According  to  The  Oologist,  Reinecke  was  born 
at  Sondershaven,  Germany,  November  26,  1840,  settled  in 
Buffalo  at  the  age  of  twelve  years,  and  died  there,  November 
26,  1917.  He  was  a  printer,  editor  and  a  proprietor  of  the 
Freie  Presse,  park  commissioner  and  business  man,  and  a  stu- 
dent of  birds  as  well  as  of  beetles. 

The  death  of  DR.  EMILE  FREY-GESSNER,  of  Geneva,  Swit- 
zerland, an  honorary  fellow  of  the  Entomological  Society  of 
London  since  1912,  was  announced  at  the  meeting  of  that 
Society  held  October  3,  1917,  but  without  further  particu- 
lars. 

The  English  journals  print  obituaries  of  WILLIAM  HENRY 
HARWOOD,  English  Lepidopterist  and  Hymenopterist,  born 
February  25,  1840;  died  December  24,  1917,  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag., 
Feby.,  1918),  and  of  RICHARD  S.  STANDEN,  English  Lepidop- 
terist and  artist,  born  October  n,  1835;  died  July  2i>,  1017 
(Entomologist,  Nov.,  1917;  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  Dec.,  1917.) 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  ot  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42i  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  18J 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  New?,  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13x2i  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX. — We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 


RECENT   LITERATURE 

FOR   SALE    BY 

THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 

Please    check   the    items   you    desire    of  this    list    and    return    it 
with  your  remittance. 

COLEOPTERA. 
2089.---Blaisdell    (F.    E.). — Studies    in    the    Tenebrionid    tribe 

Eleodiini.     No.  3.     [0:6].     (Ent.  News,  29,  162-168,  '18)     .15 

DIPTERA. 

776. — Dietz  (W.  G.). — A  revision  of  the  North  American  spe- 
cies of  the  Tipulid  genus  Pachyrhina,  with  descrip- 
tions of  new  species.  [0:25].  (Tr.,  44,  105-140,  4 
pis.,  '18)  65 

778. — Marchand  (W.). — The  evolution  of  the  abdominal  pat- 
tern in  Tabanidae.  (Tr.,  44,  171-179,  1  pi.,  '18) 20 

2091. — Townsend  (C.  H.  T.). — A  new  muscoid  genus  from 
the  Chiricahua  mountains,  Arizona.  [1:1].  (Ent.  News, 
29,  177-178,  '18)  10 

HYMENOPTERA. 

2090.— Cockerell  (T.  D.  A.).— Some  bees  of  the  genus  Panur- 

ginus.     [0:4].    (Ent.  News,  29,  169-171,  '18) 10 

ORTHOPTERA. 

777. — Hebard  (M.). — New  genera  and  species  of  Melanopli 
found  within  the  United  States.  [2:10].  (Tr.,  44, 
141-169,  1  pi.,  '18)  50 

779. — Rehn  (J.  A.  G.). — On  Demaptera  and  Orthoptera  from 

southwestern  Brazil.  [0:9].  (Tr.,  44,  181-222,  1  pi.,  '18)  .75 

When  Writing  Please  Mention  "  Entomological  New*." 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  amathonte 

sulkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 


Papilio  columbus 
andraemon 
celadon 
devilliersi 


u 


From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  Lepidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


Urania  boisduvali 
Erinyis  guttalaris 
Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 

From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

"       philoxenus  Brahmaea  wallachi 

And  Many   Other  Showy  Species 

From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Armandia  lidderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES   OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   SUPPLIES   AND   SPECIMENS 
ON    APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D.  404-410  W.  27th  Street 


JULY,   1918. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.  XXIX.  No.  7. 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 
1808-1869. 


PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Ph.D.,  Editot 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.D.,  Sc.D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 

EZRA   T.   CRESSON.  J.    A.  C.    REHN. 

PHILIP    LAURENT,  ERICH    DAHCKK.  H.    W.    WENZEL. 


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ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  XIV. 


OVIPOSITION    OF    NOTONECTAE    ( HETJ.-HUNGERFORD. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY   OF    NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.  XXIX. 


JULY,   1918. 


No.   7. 


CONTENTS: 


Hungerford  —  Concerning  the  Oviposi- 
tiou  of  Notonectae  (  Hem. ) 241 

Braun  —  New  Genera  and  Species  of 
Lyonetiidae  (  Microlepidoptera). . .  245 

Beutenmuller— Description  of  a  New 

Periclistus  (  Cynipidae,  Hym.) 251 

Cockerell— A  Remarkable  New  Bee  of 
the  Genus  Oxaea  (  Hym. ) 252 

Watson  —  Hemileuca  burnsi,  its  specific 
validity  and  habitat  (Saturnidae, 
Lepid. ) 252 

Wickham — An  Interesting  new  Species 
of  Eleodes  (Col.:  Tenebrionidae). .  255 

Caudell  —  Reg  a  rd  in  g  Diapheromera 
veliei  Walsh  and  Manomera  blatch- 
leyi  Caudell  (Orth.:  Phasmidae)..  258 

Dunn— The  Lake  Mosquito,  Mansonia 
titillans  Walk.,  and  its  Host  Plant, 
Pistia  stratiotes  Linn.,  in  the  Canal 
Zone,  Panama  (Dip.:  Culicidae)..  260 

Editorial—"  Making  the  Editorial  of 
Greater  Use  in  Entomology" 270 

Currie— Occurrence  of  the  Damselfly 
Argiallagma  minutum  (Selys)  in 
Southern  Florida  (Odonata) 271 


i    Emergency  Entomological  Service  (U. 

S.  Dept.  Agric. ) 271 

Fletcher— The  Cottony  Cushion  Scale, 
Icerya  purchasi,  in  Ceylon  ( Ho- 
rn op.,  Coccidae) 274 

Entomological  Literature 274 

Review  of  Fletcher  :  Report  of  the  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  Second  Entomolo- 
gical Meeting  held  at  Pusa 277 

Review  of  Barnes  and   McDunnongh  :  tt- 
Contributions  to  the  Natural  His-" 
lory  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  N.  Amer.  277 
Doings  of  Societies — Ent.  Sec.  of  The 
Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.  (Orthop., 

Odonata) 278 

Twenty-Fifth    Anniversary   Meeting 
of  the   New    York    Entomological 

Society 278 

The  Entomological  Society  of  France  278 
Feldman  Collecting  Social  (Coleop. )  279 
Foundation  of  the  Entomological 

Society  of  Spain 279 

Obituary — Gustave  Adolphe  Baer 280 

Charles  Edwin  Sleight 280 

Erratum 280 


Concerning  the  Oviposition  of  Notonectae  (Hem.). 

By    H.    B.    HUNGERFORD,    University    of    Kansas,    Lawrence, 

Kansas. 

(Plates  XIV,  XV) 

This  short  paper  is  presented  to  clear  up  certain  points 
concerning  the  oviposition-of  the  back-swimmers  of  the  genus 
Notonccta  in  America.  In  a  former  paper  the  writer  called 
attention  to  the  diversity  of  statement  in  regard  to  the  egg- 
laying  of  the  European  N.  glanca  and  to  the  fact  that  the 
American  species  are  said'  to  differ  markedly  from  Ar.  (jlunca 
as  reported  by  Regimbart. 

In  view  of  the  careful  work  of  this  French  writer,  who 
stated  that  the  European  form  inserts  its  eggs  in  the  stems  of 
plants,  the  writer  regarded  it  as  strange  that  all  the  American 
species  should  simply  affix  their  eggs  to  plants  and  other  sup- 
ports in  the  water.  In  view  of  the  observations  of  Esseiilier^ 
in  California  and  Bueno  in  New  York,  however,  it  appeared 
likely  that  such  might  be  the  case. 

241 


242  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

In  order  to  account  for  the  apparent  discrepancy  the  writer 
undertook  an  investigation  of  the  ovipositors  of  such  forms 
as  he  could  find  about  Ithaca,  New  York,  viz.,  N.  undnlata, 
N.  z'ariabilis,  N.  insulata  and  A:.  irrorata. 

It  was  apparent  at  once  that  the  first  three  possess  struc- 
tures ill  adapted  to  making  incisions  in  plant  tissues  of  suffi- 
cient size  to  receive  the  eggs.  The  last  species,  however,  pos- 
sesses an  ovipositor  capable  of  performing  such  a  function. 
(Compare  Plate  XIV,  Figs,  i  and  5,  and  Plate  XV,  Figs.  9 
and  5.)  Upon  the  basis  of  this  preliminary  examination  it 
was  asserted  that  N'  irrorata  would  be  found  to  place  its  eggs 
in  the  tissue  of  plants. 

Nothing  more  was  done  about  the  matter  until  spring,  when 
N.  irrorata  females  were  observed  to  place  their  eggs  in  the 
stems  of  moneywort  (Lysimachia  nummula-ria  L.),  luncus, 

• 

and  dead  Typha  stems.*  Here  then  was  a  member  of  the 
genus  Notonccta  in  America  that  agreed  with  Regimbart's 
notes  on  TV.  ghiuca,  and  the  writer  became  interested  in  a 
little  study  of  the  form  and  function  correlated  with  the  activ- 
ity under  discussion. 

N.  ylanca  was  secured  for  study  through  the  kindness  of 
Edmund  Gibson,  of  the  National  Museum.  One  female,  a 
pinned  specimen,  was  relaxed  sufficiently  to  permit  the  re- 
moval of  the  drilling  parts.  An  examination  of  these  parts 
disclosed  the  fact  that  they  resemble  those  of  our  N.  irrorata 
rather  than  those  possessed  by  the  rest  of  the  American  series 
examined.  (See  Plate  XV,  Fig.  6.) 

Sufficient  material  of  TV.  irrorata,  N.  undulata  a'.id  TV  z'ari- 
abilis was  examined  to  establish  the  fact  that  there  exists  for 
these  forms  at  least  some  constancy  of  size  and  form.  An 
examination  of  the  accompanying  Plate  XV  will  suffice  to  in- 
dicate that,  although  all  are  equipped  to  abrade  the  surface 
of  the  stems,  only  TV.  irrorata**  of  our  American  forms  pos- 
sesses an  ovipositor  comparable  to  that  of  the  European 
glanca. 

*  See  Hungerford.     Ento.  News   XXYIIT.  p.  271,  foot  note. 
**  The  palaearctic  .V.  lutra,  reported  for  this  country,  also  possesses 
this  sort  of  a  structure.     (See  Plate  XV,  Fig.  i.) 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  243 

In  the  rather  compact  tissue  of  Moneywort  the  eggs  of  N. 
irrorata  are  occasionally  so  placed  as  to  resemble  closely  the 
figure  presented  by  Regimbart.  In  one  case,  where  Chara 
alone  was  available,  two  or  three  eggs  were  hidden  in  the 
mud  lodged  in  one  of  the  lower  axils  of  the  plant.  As  a  rule, 
however,  the  eggs  are  placed  at  or  below  the  surface  level  of 
the  supporting  tissue.  In  a  water-soaked  Typha  leaf  several 
cases  were  noted  where  two  eggs  had  been  deposited  through 
one  puncture.  (See  Plate  XIV,  Fig.  2.) 

On  the  other  hand,  N.  undnhita.  N.  variabllis,  N.  insulata, 
N.  indica  and  an  undescribed  species  reported  by  Essenberg 
attach  their  eggs  to  the  stems  and  the  reader  may  draw  his 
own  conclusions  for  the  others  that  have  been  figured.  (See 
Plate  XV.)  The  writer  would  be  glad  to  receive  notes  con- 
cerning the  habits  of  oviposition  of  any  of  the  Notoncctac 
not  hitherto  recorded. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY. 

BERLESE,  ANTONIO  A.  1909. — Gli  Insetti  .    .    .  Vol.  I,  p.  299. 
DUFOUR,   LEON.      1833. — Recherches   anatomiques   et   physiologiques   sur 

les    Hemipteres.     Mem.    Savants    etrang.      Acad.    Sc.    Paris.     Vol.   4, 

prj.  129-462. 

HEYMONS,  R.  1899 — Beitrage  zur  Morphologic  and  Entwicklungsges- 
chichte  der  Rhynchotcn.  Nova  Acta.  Acad.  Leop.  Carol.  Vol.  74, 
PP-  349-456. 

HEYMONS,  R.  1899. — Der  Morphologische  Bau  des  Insektenabdomens; 
Zool.  Ctrlil.  Vol.  6,  p.  537. 

HUNGERFORD,  H.  B.  1917.— Egg  Laying  Habits  of  a  Backswimmer, 
Bucnoa  w.nrtjantacca.  Entom.  News.  Vol.  XXVIII,  p.  174. 

REGIMBAKT,  M.  1875. — Observations  sur  la  ponte  du  Dytiscus  mar- 
ginalis  et  de  quelcjues  atitres  Insectes  Aquatiques.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent. 
Fr.  (5),  V.  p.  204. 

SCHRODER,  CUR.  1913.— Handbuch  der  Entomologie.  Vierte  Lieferung, 
Bd.  Ill,  p.  no. 

SCHIODTE,  J.  C.  1870. — On  some  new  Fundamental  Principles  in  Mor- 
phology and  Classification  of  Rhynchota.  Annals  of  Natural  His- 
tory, Vol.  VI. 

SHEPHERD,  FOREST.     1847. — On  the  Habits  of  Notonecta  glauca. 

Silliman's  American  Journ.,  Ser.  2,  Vol.  4,  p.  423;  also  Ann.  and  Alag. 
Nat.  Hist.    Ser.  2,  Vol.  I,  p.  158.     1848. 

VERHOEFF,  C.  1893. — Vergleichende  Untersuchungen  uher  die  Abdomi- 
nal-segmente  der  weiblichen  I  Icmiptera,  Heteroptera  und  Homnp- 
tera ;  Verb.  Naturh.  Yer.  Rheinl.  Westf.  auch  Diss.  Bonn. 


244  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [ Jn^Y»  'T^ 

WESFEI  SCHEID,    HEIXIUCH.      1912 — Ueher   die    Biologic    und    Anatomic 

von     Plea     minutissima     Leach.       Zoologische     Jahrbikher,     Jena, 

XXXIII,  p.  387. 
WESENBERG-LUND,     C.       1913. — Fortpflanzungs-verhaltnisse ;     Paarung 

und  Eiablage  der  Siisswasserinsekten.     Fortschritte  der  Naturwissen- 

schaftlichen  Forschung,  VIII,  p.  195. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  XIV  AND  XV. 

PLATE   XIV. 

Fig.  i.    Ventral  view  of  the  genitalia  of  the  female  .V.  irrorata  show- 
ing the   drilling   parts   of   the  ovipositor — indicated  by  V.     It   is 
one  of  these  parts  that  is   figured   from  three  aspects  in   Plate 
XV,  figure  9. 
Fig.  2.     A  portion  of  water-soaked  cattail  leaf  showing  two  eggs  of 

A",  irrorata  deposited  through  one  puncture. 

Fig.  3.    Egg  of  Ar.  irrorata  in  Moneywort  stem.    The  embryos  usually 

develop  with  cephalic  end  at  micropylar  pole  of  the  egg.     This 

one    is    reversed    as    shown    by    the    eyespot    of    the    developing 

nymph  within. 

Fiij.  4.    Egg   in   Moneywort   showing  the   nature   of  the   rent   through 

which  the  nymph  escaped.     Postnatal  molt  removed. 
Fig.  5.     Ventral  view  of  the  genitalia  of  the  female  N.  insulata,  show- 
ing the   drilling  parts   of  the  ovipositor — indicated   by  V.      It  is 
one   of  these   parts   that   is   figured    from   three   aspects   in   Plate 
XV,  figure  5. 

PLATE  XV. 

This  plate  contains  three  views  of  the  left  member  of  the  first  pair 
of  gonapophyses  of  the  female  of  each  of  the  species  of  the  genus 
Notonecta  available  in  this  country.  Two  species  have  been  omitted 
because  of  the  lack  of  material. 

The  views  are  from  left  to  right :  Outside  or  lateral  view — ven- 
tral view  showing  the  organ  on  edge — Inner  view.  All  of  the  draw- 
ings were  made  with  camera  lucida  and  drawn  to  the  same  scale.  The 
length  of  the  adult,  together  with  outside  measurements  of  the  ovi- 
positor are  added  for  purposes  of  comparison  of  relative  size  of 
parts.  The  writer  believes  that  a  study  of  these  organs  should  be 
taken  into  account  in  determining  relationship  of  species.  A  study  of 
a  wide  series  would  certainly  establish  the  range  of  variability  in  size 
and  shape  of  these  parts  and  in  some  cases  (if  not  all)  aid  in  specific 
determinations.  The  drawings  here  presented  are,  however,  intended 
to  indicate  merely  the  correlation  of  this  organ  with  the  habit  of 
oviposition. 

Fig.  I.  Notonecta  lutca.  Size  of  adult,  13-17.1  mm.;  valve  of  ovi- 
positor. 1.025  mm.  \  .725  mm.  Specimen  loaned  by  Mr.  Gib- 
son, of  Nat.  'Mus.  Taken  in  Finland  by  Sahlberg  and  determined 
by  Kirkaldy. 


ENT.  NEWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  XV. 


11 


GONAPOPHYSES  OF  NOTONECTAE  (MET. I.-HUNGERFORD. 


1.    N.   LUTEA. 

6.     N.    IMSULATA. 

9.     N.    IRRORATA. 


2.     N.   RALEIQHII. 
6.    N.  QLAUCA. 
10.    N.   UHLERI. 


3.  N.  UNDULATA. 
7.  N.  MEXICANA. 
11.  M.  INDICA. 


4.    N.   VARIABILIS. 
8.    N.  8HOOTFRM. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  245 

Fig.  2.  Notonccta  ralciyhii.  Size  of  adult,  ?;  valve  of  ovipositor 
.4  mm.  x  .25  mm.  Specimen  given  to  me  by  Mr.  J.  R.  de  la 
Torre  Bueno. 

Fig.  3.  Notonccta  undulata.  Size  of  adult,  10-13  mm.;  valve  of  ovi- 
positor, .5  mm.  x  .312  mm.  Material  from  Ithaca,  New  York, 
and  Lawrence,  Kansas. 

Fig.  4.  Notonccta  rariabilis.  Size  of  adult,  8.2-10.2  mm.;  Valve  of 
ovipositor,  .4  x  .312  mm. 

Fig.  5.  Notonccta  insulata.  Size  of  adult,  12.6-15.5  mm.;  valve  of 
ovipositor,  ./  x  .425  mm.  Material  from  Palo  Alto,  California. 

Fig.  6.  Notonccta  glauca.  Size  of  adult,  ?;  valve  of  ovipositor,  1.125 
x  .55  mm.  Loaned  from  Nat.  Museum  by  Mr.  Gibson;  a 
specimen  from  England,  collected  by  Uhler. 

Fig.  7.  Xotonccta  mc.vicana.  Size  of  adult,  11-14  mm.;  valve  of 
ovipositor,  .7  x  .5  mm.  Specimens  from  Arizona. 

Fig.  8.  Notonccta  shootcrii.  Size  of  adult,  8-13  mm.;  valve  of  ovi- 
positor, .65  x  .375  mm.  Specimen  given  to  me  by  Mr.  J.  R. 
de  la  Torre  Bueno. 

Fig.  o.    Notonccta  irrorata.     Size  of  adult,  11.8-14.4  mm.;  valve  of  ovi- 
positor, 1.675  x  -575  mm-     Material  taken  at  Ithaca,  N.  Y. 
Fig.    10.     Nntonccta  tihlcri.     Size  of  adult,   12  mm.;  valve  of  oviposi- 
tor, .65  x  .35  mm.     Specimen  given  to  me  by  Mr.  de  la  Torre 
Bueno. 

Fig.  II.  Notonecta  indica.  Size  of  adult,  10.5  mm.;  valve  of  ovipositor, 
•5  x  -375  mrn'  Material  from  Douglas,  Arizona,  collected  by 
Dr.  Snow. 


New  Genera  and  Species  of  Lyonetiidae  (Micro- 

lepidoptera). 

By  ANNETTE  F.  BRAUN,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Opostega  bistrigulella  n.  sp. 

Head  and  thorax  white.  Fore  wings  white ;  an  oblique  fuscous 
spot  at  the  middle  of  the  dorsal  margin  with  its  apex  pointing  toward 
the  apex  of  the  wing.  In  the  cilia  before  the  apex  are  a  very  oblique 
costal  and  opposite  dorsal  streak,  the  dorsal  a  little  the  more  oblique 
and  running  to  the  base  of  the  black  apical  spot.  A  fuscous  line  in 
the  cilia  around  the  apex  about  equally  distant  from  the  apical  spot 
above  and  below  the  apex,  and  leaving  between  it  and  the  oblique 
costal  streak  a  patch  of  pure  white  cilia.  Hind  wings  and  cilia  almost 
white.  Legs  pale  yellowish  white.  Abdomen  grayish.  Expanse:  12 
mm. 


246  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [July,  *l8 

Locality :  Loma  Linda,  California,  April  23  and  May  27. 
(G.  R.  Pilate.) 

Types  in  author's  collection. 

Especially  characterized  by  the  shape  of  the  apical  line  in 
cilia. 

Bucculatrix  ceanothiella  n.  sp. 

Face  and  head  white,  the  tuft  with  a  few  brown  scales,  antennae 
'white,  the  stalk  annulate  with  dark  brown.  Ground  color  of  thorax 
and  fore  wings  white,  with  sparse  dusting  of  dark  brown  scales. 
The  dusting  becomes  more  dense  along  base  of  costa,  and  in  the  basal 
third  of  dorsum.  Markings  formed  of  groups  of  dark-tipped  scales 
are  situated  as  follows:  a  triangular  costal  spot  just  beyond  one- 
third  ;  a  large  oblique  streak  beyond  the  middle,  becoming  attenuated 
in  the  middle  of  the  wing  and  continuing  as  a  line  of  dark  scales  to 
the  middle  of  the  hind  margin;  a  scarcely  denned  grouping  of 
dark-tipped  scales  before  the  apex  on  the  costa;  a  rather  large  semi- 
circular spot  on  the  middle  of  the  dorsum,  with  a  few  darker  scales 
on  its  inner  side  on  the  fold.  Cilia  whitish,  with  a  dark  line  from 
apex  to  dorsum.  Hind  wings  and  cilia  pale  silvery  gray.  Legs  whitish. 
Tarsal  joints  dark-tipped.  Abdomen  whitish.  Expanse:  6.5  mm. 

Locality:     Colton,   San  Bernardino   County,  California. 

Type  in  author's  collection. 

The  larva  is  a  miner  in  the  leaves  of  Ccanolhns,  forming1 
at  first  a  small  semi-transparent  brownish  blotch  mine ;  later 
it  feeds  externally  on  the  under  side  of  the  leaf.  Cocoon 
white,  marked  with  indistinct  ridges.  Lo^va  in  February; 
imago  April  5. 

Bucculatrix  latella  n.  sp. 

Face  and  antennal  eye-caps  white;  tuft  on  the  head  white,  usually 
with  a  group  of  ocherous  hairs  in  the  middle  posteriorly.  Fore  wings 
white,  with  scattered  minutely  brown-tipped  pale  ocherous  scales ; 
a  broad  ocherous  streak,  sometimes  nearly  obsolete,  from  base  along 
fold  to  one-fifth;  on  the  middle  of  the  dorsum  a  large  conspicuous 
ocherous  patch  sometimes  reaching  the  middle  of  the  wing,  and 
bordered  internally  just  above  the  margin  by  a  small  patch  of  darker 
brown-tipped  raised  scales.  A  little  beyond  this  on  the  costa,  there 
is  a  more  or  less  distinct  patch  of  the  pale  ocherous  brown-tipped 
scales.  At  the  end  of  the  cell  is  a  minute,  but  distinct  black  dot.  A 
patch  of  pale  ocherous  dark-tipped  scales  in  the  apex  of  the  wing; 
the  ocherous  shade  in  the  scales  sometimes  lacking,  leaving  only  the 
dark  tips.  Hind  wings  grayish,  cilia  ocherous  at  their  bases,  shading 
outwardly  to  pure  white.  Legs  whitish.  Expanse :  10-12  mm« 


Vol.  Xxix]  l'..\  KlMOl.dCIC  AL    NKWS.  247 

Locality:      Loma   Linda.   California,      April   21    to   June   4. 
(G.  R.  Pilate.) 

Types  in  author's  collection. 

Bucculatrix  quadrigemina  n.  sp. 

Face  and  antennal  eye-caps  white,  antennal  stalk  annulate  with 
brown.  Tuft  whitish,  mixed  with  pale  fawn.  Fore  wings  whitish. 
There  are  four  rather  distinctly  defined  costal  patches  of  ocherous 
brown-tipped  scales ;  the  first,  within  the  basal  fourth,  oblique  on  its 
outer  edge,  passes  into  a  pale  ocherous  shade  below  the  fold ;  the 
second,  narrower  and  more  oblique ;  the  third,  broad  and  diffused, 
becoming  pale  ocherous  toward  the  middle  of  the  wing,  where  it 
meets  the  apex  of  the  second  spot,  and  a  dorsal  patch  of  darker 
brown-tipped  raised  scales  occupying  the  middle  of  the  dorsum  oppo- 
site the  space  between  the  second  and  third  costal  spots.  The  fourth 
costal  patch,  lying  just  before  the  apex,  is  sometimes  extended  to  en- 
close the  entire  apical  portion  of  the  wing.  A.  small  patch  of  dark- 
tipped  scales  on  the  dorsum  lies  between  the  dorsal  raised  scales  and 
the  apical  patch.  Cilia  white,  dusted  with  dark-tipped  scales,  especially 
opposite  the  apex  and  beneath  the  apical  patch  of  dark-tipped  scales. 
Hind  wings  and  cilia  gray.  Legs  grayish  buff,  tarsal  segments  tipped 
with  black.  Expanse  :  7  mm. 

Locality.     Loma  Linda,  California,  June   18  to  30   (G.  R. 
Pilate).    - 

Types  in  author's  collection. 

Eucculatrix  eupatoriella  n.  sp. 

Face  pale  yellowish.  Tuft  ocherous  in  front  shading  to  reddish 
brown  behind.  Antennal  eye-caps  ocherous  shading  to  reddish  out- 
wardly; stalk,  brown.  Thorax  and  fore  wings  bright  brownish  or 
reddish  ocherous;  markings  silvery  metallic.  At  the  basal  two-fifths 
an  oblique  silvery  costal  streak;  a  little  nearer  the  base  an  oblique 
silvery  dorsal  streak,  followed  immediately  by  a  patch  of  dark  brown 
raised  scales.  At  two-thirds  a  second  oblique  costal  streak,  margined 
internally  especially  on  the  costa  with  dark-tipped  scales,  and  oppo- 
site this  a  pair  of  almost  confluent  silvery  dorsal  streaks,  the  first 
margined  internally,  the  second  externally  with  dark-tipped  scale^. 
In  the  cilia  above  the  apex  is  an  elongated  dull  white  spot;  beneath 
this  a  transverse  streak  of  silvery  scales  forms  the  inner  border  of  a 
small  black  apical  spot.  Cilia  gray  with  a  row  of  brown-tipped 
scales  extending  from  the  dull  white  costal  spot  to  the  dorsuni.  Hind 
wings  and  cilia  dark  gray.  Legs  gray;  basal  and  apical  fourth  of 
hind  tibiae  dark  with  black  spurs,  middle  portion  and  hairs  silvery  ; 
tarsi  black-tipped.  Abdomen  dark  gray  above,  silvery  beneath.  Ex- 
panse :  5-5-6-5  mm- 


2_|x>  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

Localities:    Cincinnati,  Ohio;  Balsam,  North  Carolina. 

The  type  is  from  Cincinnati  and  is  one  of  the  series  of 
reared  specimens. 

Type  and  paratypcs  in  author's  collection;  paratype  in  the 
collection  of  the  Entomological  Branch,  Department  of  Agri- 
culture, Ottawa,  Canada. 

The  pale  green  larva  feeds  on  Eupatorium  pcrfoliatum, 
making  at  first  a  very  long  much-contorted  linear  mine,  later 
feeding  externally  on  the  under  side  of  the  leaf,  eating' small 
patches  and  leaving  only  the  upper  epidermis.  A  single  leaf 
contains  often  twenty  or  more  mines.  The  white-ribbed  co- 
coon is  spun  on  the  under  side  of  the  leaf,  usually  up  against 
the  midrib.  Larvae  and  cocoons  collected  August  13,  pro- 
duced imagoes  from  August  16  to  24.  An  earlier  generation 
of  moths  appears  at  the  beginning  of  July. 

This  species  is  allied  to  B.  trifasciclla  Clemens,  but  differs 
from  it  in  the  brilliant  luster  of  the  markings  and  the  ab- 
sence of  the  costal  streak  near  the  base. 

Eucculatrix  insolita  n.  sp. 

Face  dark  gray,  tuft  of  whitish  and  dark  gray  or  brown  scales  in- 
termixed ;  eye-caps  grayish,  antennal  stalk  black.  Thorax  and  basal 
third  of  fore  wings  white  to  a  line  extending  a  little  obliquely  out- 
ward from  costa  to  dorsum.  Costal  edge  from  base  almost  to  one- 
third  black;  a  few  scattered  black  scales  near  base  of  dorsum,  and 
usually  a  patch  of  ocherous  fuscous  dusting  on  the  fold  within  the 
basal  third.  Middle  third  of  wing  blackish,  bordered  outwardly  by 
two  oblique  curved  white  streaks,  meeting  in  the  middle  of  the 
wing.  Apical  third  of  wing  dusted  with  fuscous,  black  and  tawny 
scales.  A  white  costal  streak  precedes  the  apex,  in  which  there  is  a 
small  black  spot.  Cilia  dark  gray,  with  a  line  of  black-tipped  scales 
around  the  apex.  Hind  wings  and  cilia  fuscous.  Legs  black,  tarsal 
segments  silvery  at  base.  Abdomen  blackish  with  silvery  gray  anal 
tuft.  Expanse  :  7-7.5  mm. 

Locality:  San  Bernardino  Mountains,  California  (August 
29-30),  with  the  note  "beaten  from  fir." 

Types  in  author's  collection. 

The  very  striking  contrast  between  the  almost  white  basal 
third  and  the-  black  middle  of  the  wing  will  assure  immediate 
recognition  of  this  species. 


Vol.xxix|  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  _'4'j 

Bucculatrix  pertenuis  n.  sp. 

-Face  and  head  white.  Tuft  white  with  a  few  darker  hairs  in 'the 
middle,  varying  from  pale  ocherous  to  brown.  Antennal  stalk 
brownish.  Ground  color  of  the  thorax  and  fore  wings  creamy  white, 
markings  varying  from  pale  ocherous  with  sparse  dusting,  to 
brownish  ocherous.  The  extreme  edge  of  the  costa  near  the  base  is 
black  or  dark  brown,  and  just  within  the  costa  is  some  scattered 
darker  dusting.  An  ocherous  streak  along  the  fold  reaches  one-third 
of  the  wing  length.  Just  before  the  middle  of  the  wing,  there  is  a 
narrow  curved  very  oblique  costal  streak,  which,  before  reaching 
the  middle  of  the  wing,  bends  and  runs  parallel  to  costa;  its  apex 
meets  a  slightly  less  oblique  and  broader,  more  darkly  dusted  costal 
streak  beginning  at  the  middle  of  the  costa  and  running  more  or  less 
distinctly  across  the  wing  into  the  dusting  just  before  and  beneath 
the  apex.  A  broad  triangular  costal  spot  before  the  tip  of  the  wing 
Scattered  dusting  along  the  base  of  the  dorsum  joins  an  outwardly 
curved  rather  broad  streak  on  the  middle  of  the  dorsal  margin,  marked 
on  its  inner  side  just  beneath  the  fold  by  a  black  dot.  Beyond  this 
streak  at  the  tornus  is  a  dusted  spot.  A  more  or  less  distinct  line  of 
dusting  in  the  apex  extending  obliquely  toward  base.  A  dark  line 
around  the  apex  in  the  cilia.  Hind  wings  pale  grayish  ocherous.  Legs 
whitish,  anterior  pair  and  tips  of  tarsi  dark  brown.  Expanse:  6.5 
mm. 

Locality:  Winnfield,  Louisiana,  June  27  to  July  9  (G.  R. 
Pilate). 

Types  in  author's  collection. 

EXEGETIA  new  genus. 

Head  and  face  smooth ;  tongue  moderate.  Antennae  two- 
thirds,  in  male  shortly  ciliate,  basal  segment,  enlarged,  flat- 
tened, concave  beneath,  and  further  enlarged  by  a  pointed  flap 
of  scales  projecting  anteriorly  and  at  apex  to  form  a  rather 
large  eye-cap.  Labial  palpi  short,  drooping,  second  joint  with 
some  rough  projecting  scales  beneath.  Fore  wings  narrow 
lanceolate  with  the  apex  slightly  downturned ;  ib  furcate  at 
base,  2  represented  only  by  a  short  spur  just  before  3,  3  con- 
tinuous with  lower  margin  of  cell,  lower  angle  of  cell  not  well 
defined,  4  and  5  connate,  7  and  S  stalked  to  near  costa,  7  to  cos- 
ta, ()  and  10  from  near  end  of  cell,  i  i  from  before  middle:  cell 
open  between  5  and  7.  Hind  wings  two-thirds,  lanceolate,  cilia 


250  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [July,  'l8 

3 ;  5  and  6  coincident,  stem  perceptible  to  base  ;  cell  open  be- 
tween 4  and  5  +  6.  and  between  5  +  6  and  7.  Hind  tibiae 
smooth. 

Genotype :     E.regctia  crocea  n.  sp. 

Allied  to  Hrioptris  Meyr.  and  Otoptris  Meyr.,  especially  to 
the  former.  In  general  aspect,  it  resembles  Tischeria,  to 
which  it  is  also  related,  but  is  relatively  narrower  and  longer 
winged. 

Exegetia  crocea  n.  sp. 

Face,  head  and  antennal  eye-caps  light  reddish  ocherotis ;  antennal 
stalk  fuscous.  Fore  wings  pale  ocherous,  reddish  tinted  at  the  base, 
with  a  little  fuscous  dusting  on  costa  near  base ;  shading  to  reddish 
ocherous  toward  apex.  Hind  wings  and  cilia  pale  ocherous.  Legs 
ocherous,  irrorated  with  purplish  fuscous.  Abdomen  ocherous,  grayish 
toward  tip.  Expanse:  n  mm. 

Locality:     Owen  River  Valley,  California. 
Type  in  author's  collection. 

DICRANOCTETES   new  genus. 

Head,  smooth ;  tongue  present.  Labial  palpi  long,  slender, 
widely  diverging,  terminal  joint  two-thirds  of  second,  acute. 
Maxillary  palpi  obsolete.  Antennae  two-thirds,  finely  ciliated 
in  the  male,  basal  segment  flattened,,  scarcely  enlarged.  Fore 
wings  ovate-lanceolate,  apex  sharply  upturned;  ib  simple,  2 
absent,  3  from  angle  and  continuous  with  lower  margin  of 
cell,  4  absent,  5,  6  and  7  out  of  8,  5  from  near  base  of  stalk, 
7  to  costa,  9  connate  with  stalk  of  5,  6,  7  and  8,  cell  open  be- 
tween 9  and  10,  n  from  before  middle  of  cell;  cell  narrow, 
margins  becoming  coincident  at  base.  Hind  wings  one-half 
lanceolate,  cilia  3  ;  4  absent,  6  absent,  cell  open  between  3  and 
5.  Posterior  tibiae  with  bristly  hairs  above. 

Genotype:    Dicranoctetes  ain/ularis  n.  sp. 

Allied  to  Hiero.YCstis  Meyr.,  partiVularlv  in  general  fea- 
tures of  the  neuration,  but  differing  in  the  smooth  head  and 
absence  of  maxillary  palpi.  All  the  veins  indicated  in  the  de- 
scription as  present,  are  distinct,  showing  no  lendencv  toward 
obsolescence. 


Vol.  XXIX  |  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  25! 

Dicranoctetes  angularis  n.  sp. 

Face  and  palpi  silvery;  a  spot  at  the  base,  in  the  middle  and  tip  of 
the  terminal  segment  of  palpus  black ;  head  and  antennae  gray. 
Thorax  and  fore  wings  gray  shading  outwardly  to  brownish  black. 
Just  beyond  the  middle  is  an  angulated  white  fascia  almost  inter- 
rupted in  the  middle  by  the  blackish  ground  color.  Costal  and  apical 
cilia  white ;  two  nearly  perpendicular  black  streaks  in  the  costal 
cilia ;  a  black  streak  extending  outward  into  the  apical  cilia,  with  a 
faint  streak  branching  obliquely  upward  from  it.  A  black  apical 
spot.  Cilia  below  the  apex  gray,  with  a  black  line  through  them 
starting  a  little  below  the  apex.  Hind  wings  and  cilia  gray.  Legs 
silvery,  fore  and  hind  tarsi  gray.  Expanse  :  7  mm. 

Locality:     Mountain  Lake   Park,  Maryland,  July  26. 
Type  in  author's  collection. 


Description  of  a  New  Periclistus  (Cynipidae,  Hym.). 
By  WILLIAM  BEUTENMULLER,   New  York. 

Periclistus  castanopsidis,  sp.  nov. 

9 .  Head  yellowish  brown,  face  striately  punctate,  vertex  and 
cheeks  finely  punctate.  Antennae  14-jointed,  yellowish  brown,  some- 
what darker  terminally. 

Thorax  black,  collar  yellowish  brown  or  black,  finely  punctate  and 
pubescent.  Parapsidal  grooves  almost  continuous,  not  quite  extend- 
ing to  the  collar  and  most  distinct  at  the  scutellum  ;  the  grooves  arc 
parallel  to  about  the  middle,  then  curve  inwardly  to  the  scutclluni 
where  they  are  moderately  widely  separated.  Anterior  parallel  lint's 
exceedingly  fine  and  scarcely  evident.  Median  groove  wanting.  Lateral 
grooves  scarcely  evident.  Pleurae  black,  striate,  with  a  large  black, 
glossy  area.  Scutellum  black,  rugose,  basal  fovea  large. 

Abdomen  yellowish  brown  with  a  large  brown-black  dorsal  patch, 
smooth  and  shining. 

Legs  pale  yellowish  brown.  Wings  hyaline.  Radial  area  closed. 
Cubitus  continuous.  Areolet  large.  Length,  2.25  mm. 

Habitat:     Truckee,   California      (H.   G.   Dyar). 

Described  from  two  females  reared  from  galls  of  Andricus 
castanopsidis  Ueutm.,  on  Castanopsis  chrysophylla,  March 
14,  1914.  It  is  a  .^nest-fly. 

Type:  Collection  United  States  National  Museum.  Co- 
type:  Collection  of  \Ym.  Beutenmuller. 


252  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |  July,  'l8 

A  Remarkable  New  Bee  of  the  Genus  Oxaea  (Hyrn.)- 

By  T.  D.  A.   COCKERELL,  Boulder,  Colorado. 

I  have  just  received  a  bee,  collected  by  Dr.  Eugenio  Gio- 
comelli,  at  La  Rioja,  Argentina,  which  looks  like  a  Ccntris, 
but  actually  belongs  to  the  rare  genus  Oxaea.  The  superficial 
resemblance  to  Ccntris  is  such  that  I  began  running  it  through 
the  tables  for  that  genus,  until  I  noticed  the  entirely  different 
venation.  We  appear  to  have  an  excellent  case  of  Miillerian 
mimicry. 

Oxaea  haematura  n.  sp. 

9  .  Length,  19  mm. ;  head  black,  with  white  hair,  short  fuscous  hair 
on  occiput;  facial  quadrangle  about  as  broad  as  long;  eyes  green; 
labrum  with  a  strong  median  ridge,  the  upper  part  of  which  is 
grooved ;  clypeus  closely  punctured  but  shining ;  antennae  black ; 
thorax  black,  very  densely  covered  with  hair  as  in  the  similar  species 
of  Ccntris,  this  hair  dorsally  bright  fulvous,  ventrally  creamy-white; 
tegulae  clear  fulvous ;  wings  strongly  dusky,  nervures  piceous ;  legs 
black;  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  stiff  black  hair,  but  the  tibiae  with 
a  large  loose  white  scopa  beneath ;  abdomen  with  the  first  four  seg- 
ments brilliant  blood-red,  dull,  hairless,  almost  impunctate,  but  the 
second  segment  shows  fine  punctures;  fifth  segment  black,  glistening, 
well  punctured,  posteriorly  with  a  thick  black  fringe,  and  on  each 
side  with  a  tuft  of  creamy-white  hair;  apex  with  black  hair;  apical 
plate  very  broad,  the  middle  portion  elevated ;  venter  dark,  the  first 
three  segments  with  bright  ferruginous  hind  margins. 

Quite  unlike  any  other  O.vaea;  nearest  to  the  Brazilian  O. 
ritfa  Friese,  which  has  dark-brown  hair,  and  is  considerably 
larger. 

Type  in  the  writer's  collection. 


Hemileuca  burnsi,  its  specific  validity  and  habitat 
(Saturnidae,  Lepid.). 

By  J.  HENRY  WATSON,  Withington,  Manchester,  England. 

Sir  George  Hampson  has  lately  called  my  attention  to  a 
note  by  Dr.  Dyar  in  Insec.  Insc.  Mens.  of  December,  1916. 
on  the  locality  of  //.  burns!,  which  I  described  in  Trans. 
Manch.  Ent.  Soc.  1910,  as  from  the  Truckee  Pass,  California, 


Vol.  XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  253 

and  in  which  1  am  rather  "hauled  over  the  coals"  for  having 
given  an  erroneous  locality.  For  this  reason  only  he  accepted 
this  as  a  distinct  species  from  H.  ncnmoegeni  as  it  was  from 
a  different  life  zone  from  the  latter  species,  its  actual  local- 
ity being  Reno,  Nevada,  a  town  some  thousands  of  feet 
lower  down  the  pass.  He,  however,  entirely  ignores  the  fact 
that  I  distinctly  stated  Reno,  Nevada,  on  two  subsequent  oc- 
casions (Ent.  News  XXIII,  p.  97,  and  Ent.  News  XXIV,  p. 
130,)  where  I  described  certain  forms  of  burnsi  as  having 
been  bred  from  pupae  collected  by  Mr.  Burns  at  Reno,  Neva- 
da, and  which,  according  to  Dr.  Dyar's  interview  with  Mr. 
Burns,  appears  to  be  its  correct  locality. 

Well,  first  I  have  yet  to  learn  that  an  insect's  title  to  rank 
as  a  separate  species  depends  on  its  vertical  distribution  and, 
secondly,    I,   myself,   am   totally   unacquainted   with   the      dis- 
trict and  gave  the  localities  as   I   received  them   from     Mr. 
Burns.     But  apart  from  this,  this  insect  is  not  ncumocgeni, 
and  I  am  not  quite  so  surprised  at  Dr.  Dyar's  not  identifying 
it  correctly,   for  he  states  the  specimen  figured   in   Packard, 
Mon.  of  the  Bomb.  Moths  of  N.  A.,  Vol.  III.,  PI.  LX,  fig.  7, 
to  be  a  male,  whereas  it  is  a  female,  as  can  be  distinguished 
by  its  black  and  white  banded  body.     The  male  of  burnsi  is 
described  and  figured  by  myself  as  well  as  ab.  iluiac  as  having 
an  all  cream  body,  and  the  question  is  whether  Dr.  Dyar  had 
seen  a  male.     I  am  quite  aware  that,  apart  from  my  own  col- 
lection, there  were  very   few  specimens  of   this  insect  in  the 
U.  S.  A.  collections  ;  just  as  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic  there 
are  very  few  ncniiioc</eiii.     To  my  knowledge  at  the  time  of 
describing  bitrnsi,  both  this  insect  and   ncumocgcni  were  en- 
tirely wanting  in  all  European  collections  that  I  am  acquaint- 
ed with :  Berlin,  Leiden,  Paris.  Mons.  Chas.  Oberthur's  Coll. 
at  Rennes,  the  British  Museum,     Rothschild's     collection     at 
Tring  and  the  Oxford  and  Manchester  Museums  among  the 
larger   ones.      Since    bnrnsi   has   been    described,    however,    I 
have  examined  the  only  four  specimens  of  neumoegeni  in  Eu- 
rope  that   are   known   to   me:   these   are   tin-    four   male   speci- 
mens in  the  Oxford  Museum,  taken  at   Prescott,  Arizona,  by 
Or.  Kunze,  June,   1910,  and  of  which  I  was  very  kindly  al- 


254  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [July,  'l8 

lowed  to  add  one  to  my  collection.  I  do  not  know  the  female 
except  from  specimens  figured  in  Packard's  Vol.  Ill,  but  the 
four  specimens  examined,  as  well  as  all  the  photographs  of 
specimens  of  neumocgcni,  can  be  distinguished  from  burnsi 
invariably  by  the  body  color,  by  the  color  of  the  antennae  and 
by  the  dead  white  texture  of  the  wings  of  neumoegcni,  which 
Dr.  Barnes  calls  attention  to  in  Packard's  Vol.  Ill,  and  which 
Dr.  Dyar  remarks  upon.  My  own  series  of  burnsi,  including 
the  ab.  ihnae  and  other  forms  amounts  to  133  specimens,  of 
which  45  are  males ;  now  it  appears  these  are  all  from  Reno 
instead  of  some  from  the  Truckee  Pass,  as  given  to  me  by  Mr. 
Burns.  (Mr.  Burns,  like  many  other  field  workers,  is  cer- 
tainly not  one  of  the  best  caligraphists,  and,  as  a  matter  of 
fact,  nearly  all  of  his  most  interesting  letters  to  me  are  writ- 
ten in  pencil.) 

There  is  not  one  of  these  specimens  which  cannot  be  dis- 
tinguished from  the  four  specimens  of  neumocgcni,  which  I 

* 

have  examined,  and  the  splendid  photographs  of  the  type 
specimen  and  other  specimens  figured  in  Packard,  by  two  or 
three  characters  which  are  palpable :  a  small  lozenge-shaped 
transparent  spot  (not  found  in  burnsi}  in  the  cell  of  the  fore- 
wing  in  neumoegeni;  the  light  orange  brown  antennae  in  both 
sexes  of  neumoegeni  compared  with  the  black  brown  of  burn- 
si;  the  cream  body  of  burnsi  males  and  the  orange  brown 
body  of  neumoegcni;  and  another  character  which  can  be  read- 
ily noticed  is  that  on  the  forewing,  the  submarginal  wavy 
band  ends  on  the  costa  with  a  slight  curve  towards  the  apex 
in  neumoegcni;  this  is  constant  in  the  single  specimen  which 
I  have  and  in  all  the  photographs  of  this  insect,  in  either 
sex,  figured  in  Packard,  but  which  is  not  so  in  any  specimen 
of  burnsi,  which  I  possess  or  have  seen  (compare  Packard, 
Plate  LXIII,  figs.  5,  6  and  7,  and  plate  LXVII,  figs,  i  and 

2). 

I  have  in  preparation  some  additional  notes  on  Packard's 
Vol.  ITT  and  T  am  stating  there  that  the  food  plant  of  //. 
burnsi  is  sagebush,  as  Mr.  Burns  stated  in  a  letter  to  me 
about  two  or  three  years  ago.  Apart  from  the  fact  that  Dr. 
Dyar  calls  attention  to  this  erroneous  locality,  I  think  that 


Vol.  xxix]  KXTOMOLOr.ICAL    XK\VS.  255 

would  put  the   matter  right,  as   I   believe   the   habitat  of   the 
plant  would  give  the  habitat  of  the  insect. 

Might  I  say  in  conclusion,  if  anything  further  were  needed 
to  show  the  specific  distinction  between,  these  two  insects,  that 
on  an  occasion  before  the  insect  was  described,  when  I  was 
at  Tring  I  read  Edward's  original  description  of  neitiiioeycni 
out  while  Dr.  Jordan  examined  a  specimen  of  burnsi,  and 
when  we  had  gotten  half-way  through  Dr.  Jordan  said,  "You 
may  stop,  that  description  does  not  apply  to  this  insect  at  all." 
This  was  after  Dr.  Dyar  suggested  that  I  should  not  describe 
this  insect  as  their  investigator  was  examining  a  Hcinileuca  in 
S.  Nevada.  Who  that  investigator  was,  or  what  the  insect  was, 
I  am  uncertain.  If  it  was  Prof.  Aldrich,  the  larvae  which  he 
was  investigating  and  which  were  used  as  food  by  the  In- 
dians, some  of  which  were  sent  to  me  for  identification,  were 
not  the  larvae  of  H.  bnnisi,  as  they  fed  on  willow  on  the  mar- 
gins of  streams.  If  it  was  Mr.  Ainslie,  the  insect  that  he  was 
investigating  and  of  which  I  have  a  long  series,  was  Eitlcnco- 
pJicas  olk'iae,  which  feeds  on4  various  hard  grasses  but  which 
I  succeeded  for  a  time  in  getting  to  feed  on  some  of  our  com- 
mon English  grasses. 


An  Interesting  new  Species  of  Eleodes  (Col. : 
Tenebrionidae). 

l')\   II.  F.  WICKI-IAM,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

During  the  late  autumn  of  1916,  I  was  engaged  by  the  U. 
S.  Bureau  of  Entomology  in  making  some  field  investigations 
of  Eleodes.  Until  fairly  recently,  these  insects  were  not 
known  to  inflict  much  damage  upon  field  and  forage  crops, 
but  it  now  looks  as  if  they  might  have  to  be  reckoned  with  in 
various  sections  of  the  semiarid  interior,  since  the  larvae  have 
developed  considerable  capacity  for  depredations  upon  wheat. 
In  the  course  of  my  work,  I  came  across  one  very  small  but 
interesting  undescribed  species,  occurring  in  abundance  in  the 
bean-growing  district  near  \Villard,  Xe\v  Mexico,  and.  though 
it  has  not  yet  been  reported  as  troublesome,  it  seems  desirable 
that  a  name  be  assigned  in  order  that  some  use  may  be  made 


256  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [July,  'l8 

of  the  field  notes  and  experimental  records  now  in  the  files  of 
the  Bureau.  The  following  description  is  published  by  offi- 
cial permission. 

In  making  out  the  diagnosis,  I  have  tried  to  follow  the  gen- 
eral outline  laid  down  by  Dr.  Blaisdell*,  without  attempting 
his  extreme  refinement  of  detail.  The  new  species  runs  easily 
to  his  subgenus  Trichclcodes  and  is  readily  separable  from 
either  of  the  two  already  described  by  its  much  smaller  size 
and  different  vestiture.  It  is  probably  very  locil  in  habitat, 
otherwise  it  seems  as  if  specimens  must  have  come  to  hand 
in  some  of  the  numerous  collections  made  in  the  southwest- 
ern states  during  the  past  fifty  years. 

Eleodes  barbata  new  species. 

Ovate,  about  twice  as  long  as  wide  or  occasionally  a  little  more 
elongate,  clothed  with  sparse,  curved,  golden  hairs,  intermixed  with 
very  much  longer  straight,  erect,  black  ones. 

Head  feebly  convex,  frontal  suture  hardly  visible  and  then  only 
in  certain  lights ;  punctuation  strong  but  not  coarse  nor  very  dense, 
with  a  tendency  to  form  indistinct  series  radiating  from  the  center  of 
the  vertex ;  hairs  similar  to  those  on  the  prothorax  but  shorter.  An- 
tennae reaching  about  two-thirds  to  the  prothoracic  base,  outer  three 
joints  moderately  incrassate,  hardly  compressed,  third  joint  scarcely 
or  barely  equal  to  the  next  two  taken  together,  fourth  and  fifth  sub- 
equal,  eighth  hardly  larger  than  the  seventh. 

Pronotum  widest  near  the  middle,  about  three-fourths  as  long  as 
wide,  disk  moderately  convex  from  side  to  side,  strongly  shining, 
golden  hairs  of  the  inner  coat  numerous  but  not  obscuring  the  sur- 
face, long  black  hairs  sparser,  punctures  strong  and  deep,  of  moderate 
size,  separated  by  their  own  diameters  or  more  on  the  median  area, 
closer  and  more  confused  at  sides,  where  they  are  distinctly  muricate. 
Apex  arcuately  emarginate,  finely  beaded  on  each  side  of  the  middle; 
sides  nearly  evenly  arcuate,  a  little  more  rapidly  narrowed  posteriorly, 
distinctly  margined,  the  bead  fine,  attaining  the  base  which  is  truncate, 
finely  margined  at  middle,  a  little  more  strongly  at  sides,  subequal  to 
the  apex  ;  hind  angles  small  but  distinct.  Propleurae  polished,  rather 
strongly,  irregularly  and  more  or  Jess  rugosely  punctured. 

Elytra  oval,  strongly  shining,  widest  along  the  middle  third,  base 
truncate,  humeri  rounded,  sides  more  arcuate  basally  and  apically,  sub- 
parallel  medially ;  apex  rounded,  obtuse,  disk  convex  on  the  dorsum, 
more  strongly  so  laterally,  posteriorly  rather  suddenly  but  not  quite 
vertically  declivous ;  surface  very  densely,  seriately  but  not  quite  reg- 

*  Bulletin  63,  U.  S.  National  Museum,  Washington,  1909. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  257 

ularly  punctate,  the  punctures  moderately  deep,  muricate  or  subas- 
perate,  especially  towards  the  sides  and  tip.  Vestiture  double,  similar 
to  that  of  the  pronotum. 

Epipleurac  finely,  rugosely  punctured.  Aleso-  and  metathoracic  side- 
pieces  shining,  punctures  moderate  in  size,  deep,  more  or  less  crowded 
or  confluent.  Abdomen  sparsely  hairy,  moderately  punctured,  the  last 
segment  much  more  finely  and  sparsely. 

Legs  of  moderate  length  and  stoutness,  relatively  shorter  than  in 
E.  hirsuta,  closely  and  fairly  coarsely  punctured,  with  double  vestiture, 
the  long  hairs  more  numerous  upon  the  tibiae  than  on  the  femora. 
Thighs  simple,  fore  and  middle  tibiae  about  straight,  hind  tibiae  very 
plainly  recurved  or  bent  upwards  at  tip. 

The  first  abdominal  segment  is  distinctly  shorter  than  the  second 
and  third  united.  The  prosternum  has  a  strong  mucro  upon  its  pos- 
terior face.  The  spurs  of  the  fore  tibiae  are  rather  slender,  slightly 
curved  and  subequal  to  each  other  in  both  sexes,  but  are  longer  in  the 
female  :  those  of  the  middle  and  hind  tibiae  are  straight,  the  inner  much 
longer  than  the  outer.  The  male  has  a  flatter  abdomen  than  the  fe- 
male and  is  less  robust. 

Length,  6  to  7.25  mm.     Breadth,    $ ,  3  mm.,    <?  ,  3.50  mm. 

In  general  appearance,  this  species  recalls  E.  hirsuta  Horn, 
but  differs  in  size,  outline,  and  many  other  characters.  Some 
of  the  most  readily  seen  differentials  in  E.  barbata  are  the 
relatively  longer  elytra  with  more  pronounced  humeri  and 
more  broadly  rounded  apex,  the  double  vestiture  with  decid- 
edly more  conspicuous  long  hairs,  relatively  shorter  legs  and 
antennae,  sparser  prothoracic  punctuation  and  shorter  first 
ventral.  It  looks  decidedly  like  an  Amphidora,  but  a  study 
of  the  generic  characters  inclines  me  to  place  it  in  FJcodcs. 
Little  difference  exists  in  the  tarsal  vestiture  of  the  Blaptini 
and  the  Amphidorini,  as  defined  by  LeConte  and  Horn*  but 
the  present  insect  goes  better  with  Elcodcs  by  the  form  of 
the  elytral  epipleurae  and  the  size  of  the  tibial  spurs. 

Numerous  specimens  were  taken  under  dried  dung  among 
short  brush  in  the  fine  sandy  soil  about  Willard,  New  Mexico, 
in  September. 

Types  have  been  returned  to  the  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Ento- 
mology. 

*  Classification  of  the  Coleoptera  of  North  America.  Washington, 
1883,  pp.  373  and  375- 


258  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

Regarding  Diapheromera  veliei  Walsh  and  Manomera 
blatchleyi  Caudell  (Orth. :  Phasmidac). 

By  A.   N.   CAUDELL,   of   the   Bureau  of   Entomology,   U.   S. 
Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,   D.   C. 

The  type  material  of  Diapheromera  t'clici  \Yalsh  consisted 
of  one  female  specimen  from  Illinois,  taken  in  a  place  over- 
grown by  weeds  beneath  the  boughs  of  two  isolated  ash  trees, 
and  one  pair  from  Nebraska  taken  by  Dr.  Yelie  in  a  place 
overgrown  by  weeds  but  with  no  trees  within  a  long  distance 
of  it.     The  description  drawn  from  these  three  specimens  ap- 
pears to  apply  to  Manoiucra  blatclilcyi  so  far  as  concerns  the 
female,  but  the  characters  ascribed  to  the  male  apply  to  the 
true  veliei.     The  slender  acute  basal  spine  of  the  cerci  of  the 
male  described  by  Walsh  certainly  pertain  to  relici  rather  than 
to  blatchleyi  and,  besides,  if  it  had  been  the  male  of  blatchleyi 
Walsh  had  before  him  he  would  very  surely  have  mentioned 
the  but  slightly  swollen  intermediate   femora   as  a  character 
decidedly  at  variance  with  those  of  D.  feinorata,  the  species 
with  which  he  compared  this  new  species.    That  he  did  specifi- 
cally notice  the  middle  femora  is  evident  from  the  fact  that 
he   mentions   their   lacking   the   brown   banding   of   femorata. 
Thus  it  appears  very  certain  that,  while  the  female  from  Illi- 
nois was  quite  surely  a  specimen  of  M.  blatchlc\i,  the  male 
from  Nebraska,  probably  also  the  Nebraska  female,  was  the 
true  z'eliei.     That  the  male  is  to  be  rightly  considered  as  the 
specific  type  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  the  male  is  morpho- 
logically the  more  important  in  this  group  and  that  this  con- 
struction is  according  to  good  sense  and  in  compliance  with 
Par.  73/(  of  the  Entomological  Code  of  Nomenclature. 

Diapheromera  zrlici  may  be  distinguished  from  Manomera 
blatchleyi  by  the  comparatively  shorter  and  anteriorly  broader 
head  of  both  sexes,  by  the  strongly  swollen  intermediate  fem- 
ora of  the  male  and  by  the  posterior  femora  of  both  male  and 
female  being  furnished  beneath  with  a  prominent  subapical 
spine,  in  Manoiucra  this  spine  being  either  entirely  absent  or 
very  small.  The  last  dorsal  segment  of  the  abdomen  of  the 


\T0\.  X.xix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  259 

female  is  longer  in  blatchlcyi  than  in  vcl'ici,  being  about  4  mm. 
in  the  former  and  3  mm.  in  the  latter ;  the  cerci  of  the  female 
Manonicra  are  also  decidedly  longer  than  in  either  Dlaphcro- 
inera  relief  or  feinorata.  the  actual  length  in  adult  individuals 
before  me  being  3.75  mm.  in  blatchlcyi,  2  mm.  in  relief  and 
1.25  mm.  in  feinorata.  Additional  characters  for  the  separa- 
tion of  the  males  of  relief  and  blatchlcyi  are  found  in  the  inner 
basal  projections  of  the  cerci,  these  being  slender  and  apically 
acute  in  reliei,  while  in  blatchlcyi  they  are  blunter  and  stouter, 
less  so,  however,  than  in  D.  feinorata. 

Dial'hcroiiicra  relief  is  apparently  not  at  all  a  common  spe- 
cies and  probably  does  not  occur  in  Illinois,  or  rarely  so. 

Material  in  the  National  Museum  comes  from  the  following  locali- 
ties; San  Diego,  Texas,  May  I5th,  one  $.  Schwarz;  Victoria,  Texas, 
August  24th,  one  $ ,  W.  E.  Hinds ;  40  miles  South  of  Alice,  Texas, 
June  isth,  1904,  one  mated  pair,  Barber;  Stillwater,  Oklahoma,  one 
cJ,  Caudell ;  Garden  City,  Kansas,  July  27th,  1891,  one  9;  Lakin, 
Kansas,  July  27th,  1891,  one  $  ;  Pipestone,  Minnesota,  August  4th, 
1911,  one  $.  The  locality  labels  on  the  Kansas  specimens  are  not  per- 
fectly legible  and,  as  the  dates  are  the  same,  it  is  possible  that  they 
are  from  the  same  source. 

As  represented  by  the  above  listed  material  this  species  is 
seen  to  extend  across  the  Middle  States  from  Texas  to  Min- 
nesota. The  exact  local  habitat  of  none  of  these  specimens  is 
known  except  of  the  mated  pair  from  40  miles  south  of  Alice, 
Texas;  these  were  taken  by  Mr.  Barber  on  weeds  or  shrubs 
on  the  prairie  some  distance  from  any  woodland.  This  agrees 
with  the  habitat  of  the  type. 

Manonicra  blatclilcvi  is  represented  in  the  National  Museum 
by  material  from  Iowa.  Indiana,  Illinois,  Kansas,  Oklahoma. 
Maryland,  Virginia,  New  York  and  New  Jersey.  The  Atlantic 
Coast  material  is  composed  of  female  specimens  only,  but  they 
appear  to  agree  specifically  with  specimens  from  the  type  local- 
ity. The  Middle  West  specimens,  so  far  as  known,  were  taken 
in  open  field  or  prairie  regions.  (  >f  tin-  Atlantic  Coast  speci- 
mens I  took  one  in  the  woods  on  a  stone  and  Mr.  llarber  took 
one  on  a  post  by  the  Club  House  on  Plummer's  Island,  Mary- 
land. These  are  the  only  ones  of  which  I  know  the  exact 


260  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [July,  'l8 

local  habitat,  but  my  good  friend,  Wm.  T.  Davis,  of  Staten 
Island,  New  York,  wbo  has  taken  these  insects  in  numbers, 
assures  me  that  this  is  not  a  tree  species.  The  following  quo- 
tation is  from  a  recent  letter  from  him  on  this  question:  "I 
have  collected  a  great  many  females  of  the  Manoincra  that 
occurs  about  New  York,  and  have  seen  a  great  many  more 
that  I  let  stay  in  the  low  vegetation,  so  that  they  might  not 
be  exterminated.  I  have  always  found  the  insects  on  golden 
rods,  Asters  and  such  like  plants,  and  can  assure  you  that  it 
isn't  a  tree  species."  This  conforms  with  the  known  habitat 
of  more  western  material  and  seems  to  make  rather  sure  the 
determination  of  these  eastern  specimens  as  blatchlcvi.  It  is 
certainly  singular  that  among  the  somewhat  ample  material 
of  Atlantic  Coast  specimens  found  in  various  eastern  collec- 
tions not  a  single  male  is  to  be  found.  Can  it  be  that  this  in- 
dicates parthenogenesis  ? 


The  Lake  Mosquito,  Mansonia  titillans  Walk.,  and 
its  Host  Plant,  Pistia  stratiotes  Linn.,  in  the  Canal 
Zone,  Panama  (Dip. :  Culicidae)."" 

By  L.  H.  DUNN,  formerly  Entomologist  of  Board  of   Health 

Laboratory,  Ancon,  Canal  Zone. 

That  the  formation  of  Gatun  Lake  introduced  new  elements 
creating  prominent  changes  in  the  flora  and  insect  fauna  of 
the  Canal  Zone,  Panama,  is  manifest  beyond  all  doubt.  Prior 
to  the  beginning  of  the  construction  of  the  Gatun  Dam  and 
the  Spillway,  the  area  now  covered  by  the  lake  was  traversed 
by  the  swift-flowing  Chagres  River  and  the  numerous  smaller 
rivers  forming  its  tributaries.  The  Chagres  afforded  good 
drainage  throughout  its  valley  with  the  exception  of  a  low 
marshy  area  south  of  Gatun.  This  area  was  known  as  the 
"Black  Swamp."  It  was  several  square  miles  in  extent  and 
of  irregular  formation.  In  the  dry  season  this  region  con- 
sisted of  a  series  of  small  lakes,  pools  and  sluggish  streams. 

*  Read  before  the  Medical  Association  of  the  Isthmian  Canal  Zone, 
January  18,  1918. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  26l 

In  the  rainy  season  nearly  the  whole  of  this  area  usually  be- 
came inundated  and  formed  a  large  swamp  with  considerable 
jungle  growth. 

In  1910,  when  the  construction  of  the  dam  and  spillway  had 
progressed  sufficiently  to  cause  an  appreciable  interruption  in 
the  flow  of  the  Chagres  River,  great  changes  began  to  take 
place  in  the  topography  of  the  lower  Chagres  Valley.  Dur- 
ing that  year  the  Chagres  changed  from  a  swift  rolling  river 
with  sea  level  at  Gatun  during  high  tide  to  a  small  lake,  some 
current  being  still  retained  through  the  portion  occupying  the 
former  river  channel.  This  lake  slowly  widened  and  formed 
estuaries  both  to  the  east  and  west  as  the  low  valleys  permit- 
ted. It  also  gradually  extended  southward  with  a  quieting 
effect  on  the  former  swift  current.  During  the  wet  season 
of  1910  this  lake  reached  a  depth  of  18  feet.  During  1911 
sufficient  water  was  retained  to  increase  the  depth  to  20  feet. 
In  1912  a  depth  of  56  feet  was  present.  In  1913  enough  water 
was  released  to  reduce  the  depth  to  48  feet,  and  the  water  was 
at  this  level  when  the  gates  of  the  spillway  were  closed  on  July 
i,  1913.  With  the  closing  of  all  the  gates  the  depth  increased 
from  month  to  month  until  January  I,  1914,  when  the  surface 
of  the  lake  reached  its  required  elevation,  approximately  85 
feet  above  sea  level.  At  this  elevation  the  lake  has  a  surface 
area  of  more  than  170  square  miles  and  a  depth  of  more  than 
87  feet  in  its  deepest  parts.  At  some  points  it  extends  south- 
ward to  a  distance  of  9  or  10  miles  outside  the  Canal  Zone. 
The  irregularities  of  its  contour  causes  it  to  have  a  shore  line 
of  more  than  1000  miles. 

Prior  to  the  formation  of  this  great  artificial  lake,  Munsonia 
titillans,  the  "lake  mosquito"-— as  we  are  terming  it  on  account 
of  its  abundance  in  the  lake  regions — and  its  host  plant,  the 
wild  water  lettuce,  Pistia  slraliotcs.  wen-  present  in  compara- 
tively small  numbers  in  the  Canal  Zone. 

Before  the  waters  of  the  lake  flooded  the  "Black  Swamp.'' 
a  few  scattered  masses  of  the  water  lettuce  occurred  in  the 
various  small  bodies  of  water  found  within  the  area  of  this 
marshy  region.  A  few  more  small  isolated  colonies  were  also 


262  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |  July,  'l8 

to  be  found  in  a  low-lying  marshy  area  in  the  vicinity  of  An- 
con  and  Balboa.  A  few  plants  were  also  reported  present  in 
a  marshy  area  in  the  vicinity  of  the  upper  Trinidad  River. 

The  spread  of  this  plant  at  that  time  was  very  slow.  The 
isolation  of  the  colonies  in  shallow  pools,  which  became  almost 
devoid  of  water  during  the  dry  season,  proved  rather  unfavor- 
able for  its  multiplication  at  the  Pacific  end  of  the  Zone.  The 
scattered  small  masses  in  the  Chagres  Valley  were  prevented 
from  increasing  to  any  great  extent  by  the  fact  that  when 
heavy  rains  occurred  all  colonies  that  had  spread  from  the 
ponds  and  pools,  in  which  they  were  growing,  to  the  small 
streams,  were  invariably  swept  down  by  the  increased  current 
of  the  latter  to  the  Chagres.  They  were  then  carried  along  on 
the  surface  of  this  river  to  the  sea.  However,  with  the  rising 
of  the  lake  and  the  cessation  of  the  currents  the  rivers  were 
gradually  changed  to  sluggish  bodies  of  water.  The  plants 
then  left  the  small  pools  to  which  they  had  been  previously 
confined  and  floated  on  the  surface  of  the  rising  waters,  driven 
about  by  the  action  of  the  winds.  They  were  soon  carried  to 
the  outer  periphery  of  the  inundated  lowlands,  where  the 
thick  forest  growth  and  stagnant  waters  offered  good  protec- 
tion and  opportunity  to  flourish  under  these  altered  condi- 
tions. Consequently  they  increased  so  rapidly  that  large  float- 
ing islands  were  soon  formed.  This  rapid  expansion  con- 
tinued until  today  in  some  parts  of  the  lake  these  plants  may 
be  observed  covering  the  surface  of  the  water  in  masses  sev- 
eral miles  in  diameter,  reminding  one  of  bright-green,  level 
meadows. 

Before  the  increase  of  the  Pistia  took  place  in  the  Canal 
Zone,  but  few  specimens  of  its  associated  mosquito,  Mansonia 
titillans,  were  to  be  found  here.  In  writing  of  this  mosquito 
Knab1  remarks,  "In  working  over  the  mosquito  material  from 
the  Canal  Zone  collected  by  Messrs.  Busck  and  Jennings  from 
1907  on,  the  absence  of  this  characteristic  species  was  most 

1  Knab,  Frederick.  Changes  in  the  Mosquito  Fauna  of  Panama. 
Proceedings  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Washington,  Vol.  XV, 
No.  i,  page  41,  1913- 


Vol.  xxix]  KNTOMOUICK  AI.    xi'.ws.  263 

striking.  Mr.  Busck  reported  it  from  only  one  locality.  Lion 
Hill,  and  Mr.  Jennings  did  not  send  it  in  at  all."  The  same 
writer,2  in  mentioning  the  abundance  of  this  mosquito  at  a 
later  date  (1913),  states,  "In  lots  of  mosquitoes  taken  recently 
and  sent  for  determination  by  Mr.  James  Zetek,  the  entomol- 
ogist of  the  Canal  Zone,  both  Mansonia  titillans  and  Aedeo- 
inyia  squamipennis  appear  in  considerable  proportion." 

That  M.  titillans  has  continued  to  multiply  with  consider- 
able rapidity  is  plainly  shown  by  the  number  of  this  species 
found  among  the  mosquitoes  caught  by  hand  in  the  habitations 
of  the  Canal  Zone.  From  February  i,  1916,  to  January  31, 
1917,  out  of  a  total  catch  of  391,019  mosquitoes,  251,332,  or 
more  than  64  per  cent.,  were  of  this  species. 

The  association  of  the  larvae  of  M.  titillans  with  the  Pistia 
plant  was  first  discovered  by  Prof.  H.  W.  B.  Moore,3  of 
Georgetown,  British  Guiana,  in  1910.  Later,  in  1915,  he4 
succeeded  in  observing  also  the  egg-laying  habits  of  the  adult 
female.  The  habits  and  life  history  of  this  mosquito  are  more 
peculiar  and  interesting  than  those  of  any  other  of  the  many 
varieties  of  whose  habits  and  life  history  we  have  any  knowl- 
edge.* 

The  egg  of  this  species  is  small  and  dark  colored.  One  end 
tapers  into  a  slender  elongation  which  equals  about  one-half 
the  length  of  the  egg.  This  elongation  gives  the  egg  the  gen- 
eral appearance  of  a  minute  Indian  club  minus  the  hand- 
grasp.  Eggs  freshly  deposited  by  females  confined  in  breeding 
jars,  which  did  not  contain  plant  life,  were  pale  white  but 

2  Ihid. 

:;  Moore,  H.  W.  B.  Found  at  last.  The  Daily  Argosy  Demerara, 
Jan.  27,  1910.  Quoted  by  Dyar  and  Knab  in  Entomological  News, 
Vol.  21,  p.  259,  1910. 

4  Dyar  and  Knab.  Eggs  and  Oviposition  in  Certain  Species  of 
Mausonia.  Insecutor  Inscitiae  Menstruus.  Vol.  IV,  Xos.  4-6,  p.  62, 
1916. 

[*Comparison  should,  however,  be  made  with  the  similar  habits  oi 
the  larva  of  Cnlc.r  pfrtnrbans.  See  Smith,  J.  I'-.,  Hnt.  News,  xix,  pp. 
22-25,  P'S-  iii-iv,  Jan..  1908,  and  Grossbeck,  J.  A.,  /.  c.,  pp. 
pi.  xxiii,  Dec.,  1908.— En.J 


264  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  | 'July,  'l8 

changed  to  a  dark  brown  in  a  few  hours.  They  were  usually 
scattered  over  the  surface  of  the  water.  Under  natural  con- 
ditions the  eggs  are  attached  to  the  under  surface  of  a  Pistia 
leaf  lying  flat,  or  nearly  so,  on  the  surface  of  the  water. 

While  ovipositing  the  female  clings  to  the  edge  of  the  leaf 
or  hangs  suspended  by  her  legs  between  two  leaves  that  are 
nearly  contiguous.  The  lower  end  of  her  abdomen  curves  be- 
neath the  edge  of  the  leaf  and  the  eggs  are  attached  in  a  mass 
to  its  under  surface. 

Ordinarily  mosquito  larvae  live  free  in  the  water  and  secure 
their  air  supply  at  the  surface.  This  species  adopts  a  some- 
what different  mode  of  procedure.  The  breathing  tubes  in 
both  the  larval  and  pupal  forms  are  so  modified  as  to  enable 
them  to  attach  themselves  to  the  roots  of  the  Pistia  and  se- 
cure their  air  supply  directly  from  the  plant  at  some  distance 
from  the  surface.  When  a  young  larva  of  M.  titillans 
emerges  from  the  egg  it  descends  into  the  mass  of  rootlets  of 
the  plant  and  pierces  the  thin  outer  skin  of  one  of  them  with 
its  pointed  air  siphon.  The  siphon  remains  in  this  small 
opening  and  the  larva  grows  and  passes  the  larval  stage  at- 
tached to  the  host  plant  in  this  manner. 

The  filamentous  roots  of  the  Pistia  forms  a  mass  heavy 
enough  to  cause  them  to  hang  straight  downward  in  the  wa- 
ter. The  larvae,  when  attached,  also  usually  hang  with  head 
downward.  Naturally  the  anal  gills  extend  outward  in  an 
opposite  direction  from  the  air-siphon.  Occasionally  the  lar- 
vae are  observed  to  change  this  position  and  lie  extended  at  a 
right  angle  to  the  root.  It  has  also  been  noted  that  while  in 
this  horizontal  position  they  frequently  swing  around  with  a 
circular  motion,  the  attached  siphon  acting  as  an  axis.  Very 
likely  this  latter  position  is  assumed  while  feeding.  It  is 
very  probable  that  they  feed  on  the  microscopic  plankton, 
desquamations  from  the  plant  roots,  and  other  vegetable  de- 
bris found  in  such  profuse  abundance  among  these  masses  of 
roots.  Larvae  have  been  observed  so  thickly  coated  with 
small  particles  of  decayed  vegetable  matter  that,  when  in  the 
water,  they  could  hardly  be  recognized  as  larvae,  if  attention 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  265 

were  not  directed  to  them  by  their  motion.  This  covering 
usually  consists  of  desquamated  particles  from  the  plant 
roots,  which,  becoming  attached  to  the  hairs  of  the  larvae, 
causes  them  to  resemble  small  pieces  of  decayed  vegetable 
fibre.  This  is  especially  true  of  larvae  found  in  small  land- 
locked pools  at  the  side  of  a  river,  where  the  water  is  usually 
stagnant. 

The  young  larvae  that  emerged  from  eggs  deposited  by  fe- 
males in  confinement  rarely  lived  longer  than  twenty-four 
hours  and  never  seemed  to  take  any  food. 

Although  we  have  not  been  able  to  study  the  development 
of  the  larvae  under  natural  conditions,  it  is  nevertheless  quite 
manifest  from  laboratory  observations  that  they  develop  very 
slowly.  Young  larvae  that  have  been  removed  from  their  en- 
vironment and  placed  in  breeding  jars  containing  Pistia  plants 
readily  attached  themselves  but  never  lived  longer  than  eight 
days,  showed  no  appreciable  increase  in  size  and  did  not  pu- 
pate. Large  larvae  that  were  apparently  mature  and  ready  to 
pupate  also  readily  attached  themselves  to  the  plants  when 
placed  under  these  conditions,  but  they  also  seemed  to  be 
rather  short-lived  when  confined  in  breeding  jars.  Usually 
those  that  failed  to  pupate  within  seven  or  eight  days  after 
being  placed  in  the  jars  died  before  pupation.  A  few  lived 
for  longer  periods  of  time  and  succeeded  in  reaching  the  pupal 
stage.  One  full  grown  larva  attached  to  a  plant  lived  in  a  jar 
for  nineteen  days  and  then  pupated.  In  confinement  they 
seem  to  thrive  better  in  water  that  is  stagnant  and  quite  foul 
with  vegetable  debris  than  in  clean  fresh  water.  Naturally 
this  is  clue  in  part  to  the  increased  food  supply  found  in  the 
water  containing  the  extraneous  matter. 

When  placed  in  a  dish  containing  no  plant  life  the  larvae 
are  capable  of  living  for  a  few  days  as  free  living  larvae, 
somewhat  similar  to  those  of  Cnlc.v.  They  hang  head  down- 
ward with  the  air-tube  at  the  surface  of  the  water,  going  back 
and  forth  from  the  bottom  to  the  surface  to  feed  and  breathe. 
Very  often  they  will  hang  from  the  surface  for  long  ;>eriod> 
of  time  and  they  also  seem  to  be  capable  of  remaining  at  the 


266  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  (July,  'iN 

bottom  under  water  for  extended  periods.  They  seem  to  have 
an  aversion  for  sunlight  and  will  descend  and  bury  them- 
selves in  the  debris  at  the  bottom  of  the  container  as  soon  as 
it  is  placed  where  the  sun  can  shine  on  it.  Usually  when  pro- 
gressing through  the  water  they  move  backwards  with  a  quick, 
jerking,  sideways  movement  of  the  abdominal  segments.  They 
are  rapid  in  movement  and  when  at  the  bottom  of  a  dish  are 
difficult  to  take  up  in  a  pipette  on  account  of  being  able  to 
propel  themselves  through  the  debris  so  rapidly.  They  sel- 
dom live  longer  than  five  or  six  days  in  a  jar  which  does  not 
contain  Pistia  plants. 

That  the  pupa  forms  and  makes  it  escape  from  the  larval 
skin  without  causing  the  latter  to  become  detached  from  the 
air-supplying  rootlet  is  quite  evident  as  the  empty  larval  skins 
are  frequently  found  still  attached. 

Like  the  larvae,  the  pupae  also  attach  themselves  to  the 
Pistia  and  secure  their  air  supply  from  the  porous  rootlets. 
The  respiratory  tubes  of  a  pupa  are  long  and  slender  and 
curve  backward,  downward  and  slightly  outward.  When  at- 
tached to  a  plant  the  tips  of  these  tubes  are  sometimes  direct- 
ed inward  and  inserted  in  the  root  so  closely  together  that  they 
nearly  join  in  the  plant  tissue.  At  other  times  they  are  in- 
serted with  nearly  the  width  of  the  pupa  between  the  two 
tips.  We  have  never  observed  these  tubes  inserted  widely 
apart  as  the  outward  curve  of  the  tips  would  lead  one  to  sus- 
pect would  be  the  procedure.  The  pupae  often  hang  sus- 
pended by  the  air-siphons  with  the  head  and  dorsal  surface 
proximate  to  the  rootlet. 

When  placed  in  breeding  jars  the  pupae  survive  and  seem 
to  change  to  imagines  as  readily  as  under  natural  conditions, 
whether  the  plants  are  present  or  not.  If  plants  are  present 
the  pupae  soon  affix  themselves  to  the  rootlets  and  remain 
attached  during  the  pupal  period.  If  no  plants  are  present 
they  obtain  their  air-supply  at  the  surface  of  the  water  like 
other  pupae,  and  are  able  to  move  about  at  either  the  surface 
or  the  bottom  with  apparently  equal  facility.  The  pupal  period 
ranges  from  two  to  five  days.  A  three-day  period  seems  to 
be  the  average. 


Yul.xxixj  ENTOMOI.OCICAL    NEWS.  267 

Although  we  have  carefully  observed  a  number  of  pupae, 
we  have  not  been  able  to  witness  the  actual  emergence  of  an 
imago  from  a  pupa  when  attached  to  a  plant.  When  in  con- 
finement it  would  seem  that  the  greater  percentage  of  adults 
emerge  at  night,  usually  between  midnight  and  morning,  pos- 
sibly during  the  early  morning  hours.  However,  from  what 
we  have  observed  on  the  emergence  of  the  imagines,  we  are 
convinced  that  the  pupae  detach  themselves  and  ascend  to  the 
surface  when  the  time  for  the  adults  to  emerge  arrives.  Pupae 
have  been  noted  attached  to  the  roots  at  certain  points  and 
after  the  ecdysis  a  close  search  has  been  made  for  the  pupal 
skins;  none  were  ever  found  attached  to  the  points  previously 
noted.  When  adults  emerge  in  breeding  jars  containing  Pis- 
tia,  pupal  skins  are  found  on  the  surface  of  the  water.  Re- 
peated careful  examinations  of  the  plants  for  attached  empty 
skins,  after  the  emerging  of  the  adults,  always  proved  nega- 
tive. 

From  laboratory  observations  we  assume  that  a  pupa  at- 
taches itself  to  the  roots  so  lightly  that  the  first  struggles  of 
the  imago,  in  attempting  to  escape  from  the  pupal  skin,  alone 
suffice  to  detach  the  air-tubes  from  the  plant  tissue,  and  allow 
an  ascent  to  the  surface.  An  examination  of  an  empty  pupal 
skin  discloses  that  the  imago  forces  itself  through  the  dorsal 
surface  of  the  cephalothorax,  and  the  position  of  the  air 
siphons  /;/  situ  would  not  permit  of  the  passage  of  the  imago 
between  them  on  its  way  to  the  surface — which  would  be  the 
course  indicated  by  the  position  frequently  maintained  by  the 
pupa  when  attached — without  causing  them  to  become  detached 
from  the  plant. 

The*  adult  mosquito  of  this  species  is  easily  recognized  bv 
the  narrow,  light-colored  band  on  the  proboscis,  large  palpi, 
brown  thorax,  truncated  abdomen,  wings  densely  clothed  with 
broad  dark  brown  and  yellow  scales  which  give  them  a  mot- 
tled appearance,  and  the  yellowish  white  bands  on  the  tarsi. 
While  resting,  the  mosquito  assumes  a  crouching  position, 
with  the  thorax  and  abdomen  held  close  to  and  parallel  with, 
the  surface  on  which  it  rests.  The  legs  are  held  in  such  a 
position  that  the  femorotibia!  joint,  or  knee,  of  each  leg  ex- 
tends above  the  level  of  the  thorax  and  resembles  a  small  in- 
verted letter  V.  This  gives  the  appearance  of  the  body  being 
suspended  from  the  legs,  rather  than  supported  by  them. 

This  species  of  mosquito  is  tropical  or  subtropical  in  its 
habitat.  It  is  widely  distributed,  being  found  in  some  parts 
of  the  Southern  States,  Mexico,  Central  and  South  America, 


268  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

and  the  Antilles.  In  Panama  it  is  at  present  the  most  ubi- 
quitous mosquito  of  the  Gatun  Lake  region.  It  is  a  strong 
flier,  and  travels  for  long  distances  and  may  be  encountered 
in  the  jungle  several  miles  from  the  lake  shore. 

Between  twilight  and  sunrise  seems  to  be  their  favorite 
time  of  activity.  In  the  evening,  shortly  after  sundown,  they 
begin  their  search  for  a  blood  meal.  They  may  then  be  en- 
countered in  towns  and  settlements,  in  the  forests,  and  also 
flying  about  over  the  surface  of  Gatun  Lake  at  some  distance 
from  the  shore.  They  appear  to  be  strongly  attracted  by  light 
and  the  smell  of  man,  and  enter  houses,  either  screened  or  un- 
screened, without  any  hesitation.  Being  sure  and  vigorous  in 
flight,  they  are  especially  adept  in  entering  screened  houses. 
Alighting  on  the  outside  of  the  screens  at  points  nearest  to 
the  lights,  they  dart  through  an  opened  door  at  the  first  op- 
portunity, or  find  holes  or  rents  in  the  screening  through  which 
they  can  enter. 

They  will  fly  over  Gatun  Lake  and  bite  occupants  of  boats, 
if  not  at  too  great  a  distance  from  the  shore,  as  readily  as 
men  in  the  forests.  The  writer  has  been  bitten  by  this  species 
while  in  a  steam  launch  at  least  three-quarters  of  a  mile 
from  the  nearest  shore.  This  was  during  early  twilight,  about 
6.30  P.  M.  Although  the  launch  was  traveling  at  the  rate  of 
eight  miles  an  hour,  they  did  not  seem  to  be  deterred  from 
their  attempts  to  gain  a  meal  of  blood.  They  could  be  plainly 
observed  darting  under  the  awning  of  the  launch  by  the  doz- 
ens. Although  the  most  of  their  attacks  were  directed  at  our 
ankles  near  the  bottom  of  the  boat,  where  they  were  protected 
from  the  wind  caused  by  the  boat's  passage,  they  did  not 
neglect  our  hands  and  faces  which  were  above  the  level  of 
the  boat's  gunwales.  Many  of  these  winged  hypodermics  were 
also  plainly  visible  darting  around  the  light  at  the  bow  of  the 
boat.  It  appeared  that  we  were  either  going  through  large 
numbers  of  them  flying  in  the  air,  or  else  a  number  were 
keeping  pace  with  our  boat  and  flying  about  the  how  light. 
The  evening  was  calm  with  no  appreciable  wind  blowing  over 
the  lake.  Frequently  these  mosquitoes  will  also  apparently 
without  the  least  hesitation,  enter  railway  trains,  as  they  stop 
at  the  several  stations  in  the  lake  region  while  en  route  across 
the  Isthmus,  and  prey  on  the  passengers. 

Although  they  will  bite  readily  during  all  hours  between 
sunset  and  sunrise,  they  shun  the  light  as  much  as  possible 
and  do  not  usually  bite  in  bright  daylight.  However,  in  a 
darkened  room  of  a  house,  or  along  narrow  trails  through  the 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  269 

jungle  where  the  luxuriant  growths  furnish  ample  shade  they 
will  attack  one  as  viciously  during  the  day  as  at  night  time. 

This  mosquito  is  a  persistent  biter  and  thin  clothing  some- 
times offers  but  little  protection  against  them.  A  thin  shirt, 
if  it  fits  closely,  is  no  defense  against  their  attacks.  They  will 
also  pierce  heavy  drill  riding  breeches,  and  if  the  attacks  are 
directed  at  the  knees — where  the  breeches  are  usually  tight 
when  one  is  sitting  down — they  can  extract  a  meal  of  blood 
without  much  difficulty. 

We  have  confined  females  of  this  species  in  a  test  tube 
and  then  applied  the  latter  to  the  palm  of  the  hand;  the  tough 
cuticle  was  pierced  and  engorgement  took  place  as  readily  as 
on  a  thinner  area  of  the  skin. 

When  biting  the  female  usually  lowers  her  head  and  buries 
the  proboscis  as  deeply  as  possible  in  the  skin,  meanwhile  ele- 
vating the  abdomen.  As  soon  as  the  proboscis  is  inserted  to 
its  full  length,  the  abdomen  is  lowered  until  the  posterior  end 
practically  rests  on  the  skin.  The  head  is  then  raised  and  the 
proboscis  slowly  withdrawn  until  only  the  tip  remains  in  the 
puncture.  The  alternate  insertion  and  withdrawal  of  the  pro- 
boscis, which  may  be  likened  to  the  action  of  a  plunger  in  a 
pump,  continues  until  the  female  becomes  gorged.  One  fe- 
male was  observed  to  insert  and  practically  withdraw  her  pro- 
boscis twelve  times  during  a  feeding  of  two  minutes'  dura- 
tion. Although  this  is  the  usual  mode  of  procedure  in  feed- 
ing, a  few  females  have  been  noticed  to  insert  the  proboscis 
as  deeply  as  possible  and  remain  almost  motionless,  filling 
with  blood  slowly  but  steadily  and  occasionally  expelling  a  few 
small  drops  of  bloody  fluid  per  annm.  This  sometime^  con- 
tinues for  a  period  exceeding  ten  minutes.  Although  females 
confined  in  breeding  cages  when  allowed  to  bite  unmolested, 
are  slow  in  becoming  gorged  as  compared  with  other  vari- 
eties of  mosquitoes,  they  are  very  persistent  and  will  gorge 
themselves  nearly  to  the  bursting  point.  One  female  was 
noticed  to  take  blood  very  slowly,  with  the  mouth  parts  deeply 
inserted,  and  became  apparently  full  of  blood  in  six  minutes. 
She  then  withdrew  the  proboscis,  walked  about  a  little,  and 
after  expelling  a  few  drops  of  dark-colored  fluid  from  the 
anus,  again  inserted  the  proboscis  and  began  taking  more 
blood.  She  remained  771  situ  ten  minutes  this  second  time. 
At  the  end  of  this  period  she  walked  up  on  the  side  of  the  cage 
and  rested,  apparently  so  full  of  blood  that  she  was  unable  to 
fly. 

(To  be  continued.) 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  JULY,  1918. 

"Making  the   Editorial   of   Greater   Use   to   Entomology." 
As  a  result  of  the  editorial  under  this  title  in  the  NEWS  for 
June  we  have  received  the  following: 

I  noted  in  your  editorial  in  the  last  issue  of  the  Ent.  News  that 
you  wished  to  know  how  the  editorials  might  be  "made  of  greater  use 
and  assistance  to  the  progress  of  entomology."  If  in  some  way  it 
would  be  possible  for  an  editor  to  give  information  in  his  subject  to 
those  who  wish  to  learn  some  of  its  phases  with  which  he  is  un- 
familiar, I  am  sure  yon  would  earn  the  "undying  gratitude"  of  many 
a  "would-be"  investigator  like  myself,  who  knows  little  of  what  has 
already  been  done  and  lacks  the  necessary  material  to  investigate 
phases  of  the  subject  which  are  worthy  of  further  study.  This,  how- 
ever, would  place  an  undue  burden  on  the  editor;  but  if  he  could 
undertake  to  put  the  applicant  into  communication  with  some  one 
who  would  be  willing  to  give  information  or  lend  material,  it  would 
certainly  be  a  great  help  to  anyone  in  my  position,  who  has  no  one 
to  consult  with  other  than  those  he  chances  to  hear  of,  or  takes  the 
liberty  of  writing  to,  and  whose  material  for  study  is  limited  to  what 
he  can  collect,  or  cajole  some  more  fortunate  individual  to  lend  him. 
I  have  found  entomologists  to  be  wonderfully  sympathetic  and  ready 
to  help  to  the  fullest  extent  of  their  ability;  but  I  know  of  others  who 
dislike  to  appear  so  shamelessly  bold  as  to  ask  favors  from  utter 
strangers,  and  have  therefore  gone  without  the  needed  material  and 
information  which  my  brazen  "cheek"  has  obtained  for  me,  but  if 
these  persons  had  some  way  of  getting  in  touch  with  entomologists 
through  the  medium  of  your  editorial  columns  or  otherwise,  I  think 
this  would  help  one  class  of  investigators,  at  any  rate.  I  must  admit, 
however,  that  I  am  "speaking  two  words  for  myself,  and  one  for  the 
other  fellow,"  and  this  proposition  is  so  onesided,  that  I  imagine  most 
people  would  not  care  to  bother  with  it.  '  As  far  as  my  own  material 
is  concerned,  I'd  be  only  too  willing  to  lend  it  to  anyone  who  needs 
it,  in  order  to  help  on  the  good  work  and  to  pass  on  the  assistance  I 
have  so  freely  received  from  others,  and  if  you  know  of  anyone  who 
needs  material  I  would  be  glad  to  help  him  out  as  much  as  I  am  able. 

The  NEWS  and  its  editors,  through  editorials  or  otherwise, 
will  be  glad  to  help  our  correspondents  to  get  in  touch  with 
other  workers  whose  assistance  may  be  the  one  thing  needful 
for  the  prosecution  of  researches  on  which  they  may  be 

engaged. 

270 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  271 

Notes    and.    Ne\vs. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   GLEANINGS   PROM   ALL   QUARTERS 
OP    THE    GLOBE. 

Occurrence   of   the    Damselfly    Argiallagma    minutum     (Selys)    in 
Southern   Florida  (Odonata). 

In  a  small  collection  of  dragonflies  made  by  Mr.  C.  A.  Mosier  on 
Paradise  Key,  Royal  Palm  State  Park,  in  the  Everglades  of  Dade 
County,  Florida,  November,  1917,  and  deposited  in  the  National  Mu- 
seum by  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture,  through  Dr.  \V.  E.  Safford,  were  two  female  specimens 
of  this  interesting  little  dragonfly.  This  appears  to  be  the  first  record 
of  the  occurrence  of  this  Neotropical  species  within  the  limits  of  the 
United  States. 

The  species  was  described  from  Cuba  in  1857.  Dr.  Calvert,  in  the 
Neuroptera  volume  of  Biologia  Centrali-Americana,  pages  3/6-377. 
records  it  from  Calisco,  Cuba,  (one  male  and  one  female  collected  by 
Poey)  and  from  Los  Amates,  Guatemala,  (one  male  collected  Janu- 
ary 16,  1905,  by  Mr.  E.  B.  Williamson). 

The  monotypic  genus  Argiallagma,  as  stated  by  Dr.  Calvert,  be- 
longs in  the  same  division  of  the  legion  Agrion  as  do  Hyponeura  and 
Argia,  but  differs  from  those  genera  in  that  the  long  biserial  hairs  are 
less  numerous  (5-7  on  the  third  tibiae),  the  postcubitals  are  fewer  in 
number  so  that  the  nodal  sector  arises  near  the  fifth  postcubital  on  the 
front  wings  and  near  the  fourth  on  the  hind  wings  (origin  of  this 
sector  one  or  more  postcubitals  farther  distad  in  Hyponeura  and 
Argia),  and  the  female  has  an  apical  ventral  spine  on  the  eighth  ab- 
dominal segment. 

No  doubt  additional  collections  made  in  this  picturesque  section  of 
Southern  Florida  will  bring  to  light  other  interesting  dragonfly  rec- 
ords.— ROLLA  P.  CURRIE,  Bureau  of  Entomology,  United  States  De- 
partment of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Emergency  Entomological  Service.    (U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.) 

In  the  following  summary  of  number  12  of  these  reports,  dated 
June  I,  1918,  topics  are  arranged  in  the  same  order  as  that  followed 
in  the  summary  of  number  11  (£NT.  NEWS,  June,  1918,  pages  234-236) 
for  ease  of  comparison. 

Climatic  Effects  on  Insects.— At  the  insectary  at  East  Falls  Church, 
Virginia,  little  winter  killing  of  wood-boring  Cerambycid  larvae  was 
observed  and  data  are  given  for  the  conclusion  "that  a  continued  lm\ 
temperature  is  more  fatal  to  these  wood-boring  larvae  than  fluctuating 
low  temperatures  and  that  the  fatal  low  temperature  is  somewhere 
between  15-20  deg.  [F.]  below  zero.  Also  there  seems  to  be  a  greater 
mortality  in  exposed  wood  than  in  moist  logs  on  the  ground.  The 
difference  in  humidity  under  these  conditions  may  be  an  important 
factor."  Milder  winters  around  Washington  seem  to  have  more  dis- 
astrous effects  on  the  European  Pine  Sawfly  (Diprion  simile  Hartig) 


2/2  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [Juty,  'l8 

than  the  severe  winter  of  1917-18.  The  past  winter  is  thought  to  have 
had  no  appreciable  effect  in  decreasing  or  retarding  the  appearance  of 
the  tent-caterpillar  near  Washington,  D.  C. 

Aphids. — "A  few  warm  days  in  early  April  followed  by  a  cool 
rainy  April  and  a  cool  May  have  resulted  in  the  most  serious  out- 
break of  aphids  that  western  Oregon  has  experienced  in  recent  years. 
Practically  no  type  of  crop  or  plant  has  escaped  infestation  and  in  the 
majority  of  cases  the  attack  is  extreme" ;  Macrosiphum  pisi  is  espe- 
cially mentioned.  Experimental  work  to  destroy  the  insects  took 
several  forms.  A  wooden  drag,  10  feet  long,  18  inches  wide,  pulled 
by  a  horse  through  12  acres  captured  140  pounds  of  aphids.  A  fungus, 
"Empusa  aphidis  Hoffman,  is  killing  aphids  in  great  numbers,  but  ap- 
parently only  in  limited  areas."  The  same  Macrosiphum  is  doint? 
considerable  damage  to  later  pole  varieties  of  peas  in  Louisiana. 

"After  an  unusually  mild  and  open  winter,  followed  by  a  cool  and 
rainless  spring,"  Macrosiphum  creclii  appeared  in  great  numbers  on 
alfalfa  near  Fernley,  Nevada.  The  rosy  apple  aphis  is  unusually  abun- 
dant in  the  Rogue  River  valley,  Oregon,  and  has  done  injury  to  apples 
in  West  Virginia;  the  green  peach  aphis,  Myzus  persicae,  is  abundant 
at  Wenatchee,  Washington.  Complaints  of  the  melon  aphis  (Aphis 
gossypii}  come  from  California,  Texas  and  z\labama,  of  the  bean 
aphis  (A.  rumicis  L.)  from  California,  Ohio  and  New  Jersey.  In 
New  Jersey,  "the  rosy  apple  aphis  and  other  aphids  of  the  orchard, 
especially  Aphis  pomi,  received  such  a  severe  set  back  from  the  April 
snow  and  sleet  storm  that  injuries  are  inconsequential."  Apple  aphids 
"are  relatively  scarce"  in  Connecticut.  The  non-appearance  of  aphids 
at  Wichita,  Kansas,  up  to  May  16,  is  noted  as  unusual;  they  "are  very 
scarce  throughout  the  entire  western  part  of  Michigan." 

Sweet  Potato  Weevils. —  Observations  on  the  Sweet  Potato  Weevil 
(Cylas  formicarius  Fab.)  in  flight  are  recorded,  although  it  is  believed 
not  to  fly  long  distances.  Another  weevil,  which  attacks  this  plant  in 
Jamaica,  has  been  found  on  Calonyction  aculeatum  and  Ipomoea  pes- 
caprac  at  Moore  Haven,  in  extreme  southern  Florida.  It  is  Euscepcs 
porcellus  Boh.,  very  closely  related  to  the  so-called  sweet  potato 
"scarabee"  (E.  batafae}. 

Control  of  the  Colorado  potato  beetle  in  Louisiana  appears  to  be 
succeeding. 

Damage  by  the  chinch  bug  in  Texas  will  depend  much  on  weather 
conditions;  in  some  counties  they  are  very  abundant. 

In  May,  in  York  County,  Maine,  Lachnosterna  tristis  "visited 
shade  trees  in  such  numbers  that  their  flight  made  a  noise  that 
exceeds  that  of  a  dozen  swarms  of  bees  ...  a  very  unusual 
record  for  Maine." 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2/3 

Plum  curculio  attacks  are  mentioned  for  the  Ozark  region  of 
Arkansas  and  Southern  Indiana. 

The  pear  thrips  continues  its  attacks  in  California,  prunes  being 
largely  affected. 

Cotton  boll  weevil  reports  come  from  Arkansas,  southeastern  Ala- 
bama, southwestern  Georgia  and  from  Florida,  Pradciiin  ornithogalli, 
Diacnsia  t'fginica  and  cutworms  are  injuring  Texan  cotton. 

While  grasshoppers  (Mclanoplus  sp.)  will  apparently  be  especially 
abundant  in  western  Montana  this  season,  it  is  thought  that  the  in- 
fested territory  will  not  be  so  extensive  as  last  year,  as  a  large  amount 
of  the  then  vacant  land  has  been  ploughed  up.  From  eastern  Oregon 
comes  the  report:  "Will  make  May  n  our  first  big  drive  when  we 
expect  out  at  least  500  people.  Expect  to  mix  and  spread  about  3000 
pounds  of  poison  then  as  about  300  acres  of  egg  deposits  will  be 
ready  to  treat.  The  hoppers  are  not  leaving  the  egg  beds  to  any  ex- 
tent yet,  but  remain  massed  up.  In  some  places  several  acres  will  be 
completely  covered  with  hoppers,  several  deep." 

Injurious  Insects  of  Great  Abundance. — Among  other  injurious 
insects  special  mention  is  made  of  the  fall  web  worm  in  Florida  and 
the  pecan  nut  case  bearer  (Acrobasis  hcbcscclla)  in  Texas,  both  on 
pecans ;  the  blackhead  fireworm  on  cranberry  in  Washington ;  cut 
worms  in  Texas  on  all  kinds  of  plants,  in  Arizona,  Oklahoma,  Kan- 
sas, Tennessee,  Indiana,  Wisconsin,  Georgia,  Pennsylvania  and  New 
Jersey;  the  potato  flea  beetle  (Epitrix  cuciancris  Harr.)  in  many 
localities;  the  larger  stalk  borer  (Papaipema  nitclci  Guen.)  on  tomato 
in  Mississippi;  the  asparagus  beetle  (Crioceris  asparagi  L.)  in  Mary- 
land and  Virginia;  mealy  bugs  (Pseudococcu.i)  and  Piik'inaria  sp.  on 
figs  in  Louisiana,  the  Argentine  ant  being  a  potent  factor  in  the  dis- 
tribution of  the  mealy  bugs;  grain  weevils  (Sik'anus  surinamensis, 
Calandria  nryzas')  in  warehouses  in  Oregon.  The  gipsy  moth  has 
gained  additional  ground  in  Connecticut. 

A  class  in  the  Entomology  of  Disease,  Hygiene  and  Sanitation 
composed  of  about  forty  members  of  the  United  States  Bureau  of 
Entomology  has  been  formed.  The  course  of  study  will  consist  of 
thirty  or  more  lectures,  about  one-half  hour  in  length,  followed  by 
reviews  of  important  publications.  The  course  is  principally  aimed  at 
training  a  large  group  of  men  for  army  and  municipal  sanitary  ento- 
mology. The  proceedings  arc  mimeographed  and  will  be  sent  to  any 
one  desiring  to  enrol!  in  the  class.  Teachers  not  now  presenting 
courses  in  this  subject  may  possibly  desire  to  give  the  course  to 
groups  of  advanced  students.  All  correspondence  should  be  addressed 
to  the  class  secretary,  Jacob  Kotinsky,  Bureau  of  Entomology,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 


274  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [July,  'l8 

The  Cottony  Cushion  Scale,  Icerya  purchasi,  in  Ceylon  (Homop., 

Coccidae). 

Information  has  recently  been  received  from  the  Government  of 
Ceylon  to  the  effect  that  Icerya  purchasi  has  become  established  in 
that  Colony,  and  a  leaflet  issued  by  the  Ceylon  Department  of  Agri- 
culture gives  further  information,  whereby  it  appears  that  this  pest 
was  first  discovered  in  December,  1915,  on  Acacia  decurrens  on  an 
estate  in  the  Agrapatnas,  Central  Province,  and  that  by  October.  1916, 
it  had  increased  in  numbers  and  spread  on  to  Acacia  dcalbata.  In 
August,  1916,  it  was  discovered  in  enormous  numbers  in  an  Acacia 
forest  at  Ambawela  and  subsequently  was  found  on  Acacias  at 
Galaha  and  Upper  Hewaheta,  appearing  also  on  Citrus  trees  at 
Galaha.  It  has  apparently  also  been  found  on  other  trees  at  Kandy. 
It  thus  becomes  apparent  that  Icerya  purchasi  has  obtained  a  firm 
footing  in  Ceylon  and  has  evidently  been  present  in  that  island  for 
some  time 

So  far  as  we  know  at  present,  India  is  free  of  this  scale.  It  is, 
however,  quite  possible  that  it  may  occur.  If  any  readers  should 
come  across  specimens  answering  to  the  description  and  figures  here 
given,  they  will  confer  a  benefit  on  the  general  public  by  informing 
me  at  once  and  sending  specimens  to  Pusa  for  examination  in  order 
that  prompt  measures  may  be  taken  to  prevent  the  spread  of  this 
noxious  insect. — T.  BAINBRIGGE  FLETCHER,  Imperial  Entomologist,  in 
The  Agricultural  Journal  of  India,  vol.  xii,  pt.  iv,  pp.  525-531.  Oct., 
1917. 

•—*•»-•• 

Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

LTnder  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
toinology  of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted: 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physioloary  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  rein  tins  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following'  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  nil  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring1  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic.  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record. 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology.  Series  B. 

2 — Transactions,  American  Entomological  Society,  Philadelphia. 
4 — The  Canadian  Entomologist.  6 — Journal,  New  York  Entomo- 
logical Society.  8 — The  Entomologist's  Monthly  Magazine,  Lon- 
don. 9 — The  Entomologist,  London.  21 — The  Entomologist's 


Vol.  X.\ix|  KXTOMOUH'.ll  AL     XKU'S.  -'75 

Record,  London.  143 — Ohio  Journal  of  Science,  Columbus.  161 
Proceedings,  Biological  Society  of  Washington.  200 — Bulletin  Bio- 
logique  de  la  France  et  de  la  Bel<?ique.  208 — Boletin,  Real  Sociedad 
Espanola  de  Historia  Natural,  Madrid.  263 — Proceedings,  Hawaiian 
Entomological  Society,  Honolulu.  373 — Contributions  to  the  Nat- 
ural History  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  North  America,  by  Wm.  Barnes 
and  J.  H.  McDunnough,  Decatur,  111.  394 — Parasitology,  Cam- 
bridge, England.  447 — Journal  of  Agricultural  Research,  Washing- 
ton. 480.  The  Annals  of  Applied  Biology.  519 — The  Scientific 
Monthly,  Lancaster,  Pa.  534 — Proceedings,  California  Academy  of 
Sciences,  San  Francisco.  536 — Journal,  Bombay  Natural  History 
Society.  540 — The  Lepidopterist,  Salem,  Mass.  543 — Genetics, 
Princeton,  N.  J. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Felt,  E.  P.— Gall  insects  and  their  re- 
lations to  plants.  519,  vi,  509-25.  Entomological  research  and 
utility.  519,  vi,  551-:;.  Glaser,  R.  W. — The  aerobic  nature  of  insect 
tissue.  6,  xxvi,  1-3.  St.  John,  W.  St.  A. — •Formaldehyde  in  the 
setting  of  insects  and  in  the  prevention  of  "verdigris,"  9,  1918, 
91-2.  Sleight,  C.  E. — Obituary  notice  by  W.  T.  Davis.  6,  xxvi,  47-8. 

PHYSIOLOGY  AND  EMBRYOLOGY.  Metz,  C.  W.— The  link- 
age of  eight  sex-linked  characters  in  Drosophila  virilis.  543,  iii, 
107-34.  Weinstein.  A. — Coincidence  of  crossing  over  in  Drosophila 
melanogaster.  543,  iii,  135-172. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Nuttall,  C.  H.  F.— The  biology  of  Phthi- 
rus  pubis  (Parasitica).  394,  x,  ::s:;.40:>. 

ORTHOPTERA.  Criddle,  N.^The  egg-laying  habits  of  some 
of  the  Acrididae.  4,  1!tis,  145-.")!.  Fowler,  W.  W. — A  combined  in- 
stance of  protective  resemblance  and  mimicry  in  a  locust.  8,  L918, 
92.  Illingworth,  J.  F. — Notes  on  the  mating  of  cockroaches.  263, 
iii,  :{~4-5.  Weiss  &  Dickerson. — The  European  mole  cricket,  Gryl- 
lotalpa  gryllotalpa,  an  introduced  insect  pest.  6,  xxvi,  is-:2:t. 

HEMIPTERA.  De  Long,  D.  M.— The  occurrence  of  a  probable 
gynandromorph  in  the  homoptera.  143,  xviii,  226-8.  Drake,  C.  J.— 
Two  new  tingids  from  the  West  Indies.  143,  xviii,  174-<>.  Hunger- 
ford,  H.  B. — -Notes  on  the  oviposition  of  some  semi-aquatic  hemip- 
tera  (Hebrus,  Salda,  Lamprocanthia).  6,  xxvi,  12-1S.  Knight,  H. 
H. — Synoptic  key  to  the  subfamilies  of  Miridae.  6,  xxvi,  40-1.  Muir, 
F. — Homopterous  notes.  II.  263,  iii,  414-29.  Petherbridge  &  Hu- 
sain — A  study  of  the  capsid  bugs  found  on  apple  tree-;.  480,  iv, 
179-205. 

Ball,  E.  D. — A  nc\\'  genus  and  three  n.  sps.  of  North  American 
Membracidae.     161,  xxxi,  27-30.     Barber,  H.  G. — Concerning  Lyga- 


2/6  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [July,  'l8 

eidae — No.  1.  6,  xxvi,  44-6.  Van  Duzee,  E.  P. — Report  upon  & 
collection  of  Hemiptera  made  by  W.  M.  Gifford  in  1916-191 7  chiefly 
in  California  [many  new].  534,  (4),  vii,  249-318. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Bartsch,  R.  C.  B.— Notes  on  collecting,  pre- 
paring and  preservation  of  L.  540,  ii,  25-7  (cont.).  Beutenmuller, 
W. — The  food-plants  of  Catocala.  Notes  on  the  eggs  of  C'atocala. 
540,  ii,  28-30;  33-4.  Lathy,  P.  T.— Two  n.  sps.  of  Satyridae  from 
So.  America.  9,  1918,  82-3.  Lindsey,  A.  W. — Notes  on  distribution. 
540,  ii,  30-17;  37-38.  Turner,  H.  J. — A  new  method  of  mounting 
and  preserving  in  series.  21,  1918,  76-7.  Wood  &  Selkregg — Further 
notes  on  Laspeyresia  molesta.  447,  xiii,  59-72.  Watson,  F.  E. — A 
large  number  of  sps.  of  butterflies  observed  in  one  day's  collecting. 
6,  xxvi,  3-7. 

Anon — A  new  form  of  Catocala  minuta.  540,  ii,  28.  Barnes  & 
McDunnough — Notes  and  new  species  [many  new].  373,  iv,  61-180. 
Comstock,  J.  A. — Melitaea  anicia:  two  new  aberrations.  540,  ii, 
34-7.  Swett,  L.  W. — Xanthotype  crocataria,  with  a  description  of 
new  sps.  540,  ii,  38-9  (cont.). 

DIPTERA.  Hutchison,  R.  H.— Overwintering  of  the  house  fly. 
447,  xiii,  149-69.  Roubaud,  E. — Precisions  sur  "Phormia  azurea." 
Muscide  a  larves  hemophages  parasites  des  oiseaux  d'europe.  200, 
Ii,  420-30.  Wright,  R.  E. — The  distance  mosquitoes  can  fly.  536, 
xxv,  511-12. 

Alexander,  C.  P. — New  nearctic  crane-flies.  Part  V.  [7  new.]  4, 
1918,  158-65  (cont.).  Dietz,  W.  G.— A  revision  of  the  N.  A.  species 
of  the  tipulid  genus  Pachyrhina,  with  descriptions  of  [23]  n.  sps. 
2,  xliv,  105-140.  Malloch,  J.  R. — Key  to  the  N.  A.  sps.  of  Agromyza 
related  to  simplex.  [1  new.]  4,  1918,  178-9.  Parker,  R.  R.— A  new 
sp.  of  Sarcophaga  from  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.  6,  xxvi,  28-30.  Sturte- 
vant,  A.  H.— Acalypterae  collected  in  Mobile  Co.,  Alabama.  [1 
new.]  6,  xxvi,  34-40. 

COLEOPTERA.  Champion,  G.  C. — New  and  little  known  salta- 
torial  Dascillidae.  8,  1918,  93-102  (cont.).  Garnett,  R.  T.— An  an- 
notated list  of  the  Cerambycidae  of  California.  4,  1918,  172-77 
(cont.).  -Leng,  C.  W. — Microclytus — a  correction.  Description  of 
a  new  sp.''of  Piezocorynus.  6,  xxvi,  8-10;  11-12.  Robinson,  W. — 
Beetles  collected  on  a  dead  black  oak  in  Virginia.  6,  xxvi,  30-3. 

Liljeblad,  E. — Descriptions  of  eight  n.  sps.  of  C.  in  the  family 
Mordellidae.  4,  1918,  153-8. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Burrill  &  Smith— A  preliminary  list  of  the 
ants  of  Wisconsin.  143,  xviii,  229-32.  Chapman,  T.  A. — Prolonged 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  277 

life  in  a  headless  ant.  21,  1918,  4^-4.  Fenton,  F.  A.— The  parasites 
of  leaf-hoppers,  with  special  reference  to  the  biology  of  the  An- 
leoninae.  143,  xviii,  177-212.  Lichtenstein  &  Picard — Etude  mor- 
phologique  et  biologique  du  "Sycosoter  lavagnei,"  hecabolide  para- 
site de  1'  "Hypoborus  ficus."  200,  li.  440-74.  Mercet,  R.  G. — El 
genero  C'entrodora.  208,  xviii,  103-9.  Roubaud,  E. — Le  venin  et 
1'evolution  paralysante  chez  les  hymenopteres  predateurs.  200,  li, 
391-419.  Wheeler,  W.  M.— Ants  collected  in  British  Guiana  by 
C.  W.  Beebe.  6,  xxvi,  23-28. 

Gahan,  A.  B. — An  interesting  new  hymenopterous  oarasite.  4,  1918, 
151-2. 


REPORT  OF  THE  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  SECOND  ENTOMOLOGICAL  MEETING- 
HELD  AT  PUSA  on  the  5th  to  12th  of  February,  1917.  Edited  by  T. 
BAINBRIGGE  FLETCHER,  R.N.,  F.L.S.,  F.E.S.,  F.Z.S.,  Imperial  Entomol- 
ogist. Calcutta,  Superintendent  Government  Printing,  India.  Cal- 
cutta, 1017. — This  meeting  was  remarkably  successful,  the  various  en- 
tomological interests  being  represented  by  twenty-five  members  and 
two  visitors.  The  report  makes  a  handsome  volume  of  312  pages, 
with  a  very  complete  index.  There  are  34  colored  plates,  representing 
the  life-histories  of  injurious  insects.  An  additional  plate  is  a  group 
picture  of  those  in  attendance  at  the  meeting. 

The  conference  covered  a  wide  field,  hill  crops,  leguminous  field- 
crops,  oil-seeds,  Malvaceae,  nonmalvaceous  fibre  plants,  cane,  cereals, 
grasses  and  fodder  crops,  fruit  trees,  palms,  garden  plants,  drugs  and 
dyes,  cruciferous  crops,  pests  of  stored  products,  etc.,  were  all  con- 
sidered. The  report  impresses  one  with  the  great  activity  shown  in 
regard  to  economic  entomology  in  India  and  with  the  value  of  such 
meetings  as  a  means  of  calling  attention  to  the  importance  of  the 
work.  The  excellent  plates  will  also  appeal  to  the  systematist  who  is 
not  interested  in  the  economic  features  of  entomology. — H.  S.  (.-Idrt.) 


CONTRIBUTIONS  TO  THE  NATURAL  HISTORY  OF  THE  LEPIPOI-TERA  OF 
NORTH  AMERICA,  Vol.  IV,  pt.  2.  By  WILLIAM  BARNES.  S.B..  M.I),  and 
J.  H.  McDuNNouGH,  PH.D.  There  are  119  pages  and  14  plates.  This 
part  consists  of  notes  and  descriptions  of  new  species  and  varieties. 
Typical  specimens  are  figured  in  many  instances  and  also  the  new 
species  and  varieties.  Species  in  most  of  the  families  of  the  Rhopalo- 
cera  and  Heterocera  are  considered.  There  is  a  decided  imprm  cnu-nt 
in  the  half-tone  plates  of  this  number.  The  authors  still  cling  to  the 
antiquated  method  of  type  citations.  The  single  type  method  is  im- 
perative. This  work  is  of  the  greatest  \alur  to  the  students  of  thu 
Lepidoptera. — H.  S. 


2/8  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |Jllly,'lN 

Doings  of  Societies. 


Entomological   Section   of   The   Academy   of   Natural   Sciences   of 

Philadelphia. 

Meeting  of  March  28,  1918.  Vice  Director  R.  C.  Williams,  Jr.,  pre- 
siding. Eleven  persons  present. 

Orthoptera. — Mr.  Rehn  spoke  on  the  distribution  of  some  species 
of  the  Acridid  subfamily  Eumastacinae  in  California,  Arizona  and 
Nevada,  making  special  reference  to  that  of  the  short-  and  long-winged 
forms. 

Odonata. — Dr.  Calvert  exhibited  some  Odonata  from  Pennsyl- 
vania, collected  by  members  of  the  State  Zoologist's  department  at 
Harrisburg,  forwarded  by  Mr.  Daecke.  They  included  Calopteryx 
amata  Hagen,.  one  female  from  Charter  Oak,  Huntingdon  County, 
June  20,  1917,  by  H.  B.  Kirk;  apparently  the  first  record  of  this  species 
from  Pennsylvania.  From  Charter  Oak,  were  also  specimens  of 
Tachopteryx  thoreyi,  Ophiogomphus  johannus,  Cordulegaster  obliquus, 
and  Helocordula  uhleri, — all  more  eastern  records  in  Pennsylvania  for 
these  species  than  have  been  previously  noted. 

After  more  or  less  extended  discussions  on  the  above  subjects,  the 
meeting  adjourned. — E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Recorder. 


Twenty-Fifth    Anniversary    Meeting    of   the    New    York   Entomo- 
logical Society. 

A  special  meeting  of  the  New  York  Entomological  Society  was 
held  on  Friday  evening,  June  7th,  at  the  Hotel  Colonial,  Sist  St.  and 
Columbus  Ave.,  New  York  City,  to  celebrate  the  Twenty-fifth  Anni- 
versary of  the  incorporation  meeting  of  June  7th,  1893.  The  pro- 
gramme at  8.30  P.  M.  comprised  the  History  of  the  Society;  Remin- 
iscences by  Mrs.  Annie  Trumbull  Slosson,  Mr.  Henry  Bird  and  oth- 
ers of  the  older  members;  and  remarks  by  guests  representing  sister 
societies,  among  whom  were  Dr.  Henry  Skinner  and  Mr.  J.  A.  G. 
Rehn,  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  of  Philadelphia. 


The  Entomological  Society  of  France. 

At  its  meeting  of  December  26,  1917,  the  Society  elected  J.  de 
Joannis  and  J.  Kiinckel  d'Herculais  honorary  members  to  fill  the 
vacancies  due  to  the  deaths  of  A.  Grouvelle  and  M.  Standfuss.  The 
recommendations  of  the  committee  making  the  nominations,  from 
which  these  two  members  were  selected  by  the  Society,  based  the 
claims  of  M.  de  Joannis  to  this  honor  on  his  systematic,  synonymic, 
geographical  and  biological  work  on  Microlepidoptera,  tbose  of  M. 
Kiinckel  d'Herculais  on  his  fundamental  memoir  on  Volucella,  that 
on  Brehm's  collection,  on  "the  best  treatise  on  general  entomology  in 
the  French  language,"  and  on  numerous  other  works  on  taxonomy, 


Vol.  XX'ix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2/9 

anatomy,  development,  metamorphoses  and  biology  of  insects.  Of  the 
fourteen  honorary  members  of  the  Society,  eight  are  French  (Bedel, 
Bouvier,  Brolemann,  Fauvel,  Joannis,  Kiinckel  d'Herculais,  Mabille, 
Raffray),  one  Italian  (Berlese),  one  Spanish  (Bslivar),  one  Ameri- 
can (Howard),  one  Belgian  (Lameere),  one  Russian  (the  grand- 
dtike  Nicholas  Romanoff)  and  one  English  (Sharp).  The  committee 
on  the  Dollfus  prize,  of  300  francs  annually,  has  recommended  that 
the  award  for  1917  be  made  to  Dr.  J.  Villeneuve  for  his  collective 
works  on  Diptera.  At  the  meeting  of  February  27,  1918,  the  treasurer 
reported  that  the  Minister  of  Public  Instruction  had  granted  the  So- 
ciety 350  francs  for  the  support  of  its  work.  The  President  for  1918 
is  Dr.  Paul  Marchal.  (From  the  Bulletins  of  the  Society,  1917,  15— 
1918,  4). 

Feldman  Collecting  Social. 

Meeting  of  March  20th,  1918,  at  the  home  of  H.  W.  \Yenzel,  5614 
Stewart  St.,  Philadelphia.  Twelve  members  present,  Mr.  Chas. 
Bertsch,  of  this  city,  visitor.  Pres.  H.  W.  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Coleoptera.-  Mr.  Geo.  M.  Greene  exhibited  specimens  of  Mylabris 
amicus  Horn  from  near  Higley,  Arizona,  and  a  dried  blossom  of 
Agave  pahncri  Englm.  on  which  they  were  collected,  though  this  is 
not  the  food  plant  as  pointed  out  by  Cushman,  J.  Eco.  Ent.  iv,  p.  498, 
Dec.,  1911,  where  he  states  that  it  had  been  bred  in  company  with  M. 
sallaci  Sharp  from  pods  of  huisache  (1'achellia  farnesiana)  from 
Victoria.  Texas. 

General. — Mr.  Hornig  gave  an  illustrated  talk  on  the  fly  and 
mosquito  problem  about  Philadelphia  and  the  red  tape  encountered  in 
getting  any  work  done.  This  was  preceded  by  slides  of  Mr.  Feldman, 
the  Jamesburg,  New  Jersey,  and  other  groups  of  local  entomologists, 
and  some  intimate  views  of  the  officers  of  the  Social,  past  and  present. 
These  slides  were  afterwards  presented  to  the  Social. — GEO.  M. 
GREENE,  Sec'y. 

Foundation  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Spain. 

The  Sociedad  Fntomologica  de  Espana  was  founded  January  o, 
1918,  as  the  result  of  a  proposal  sent  out  by  an  organizing  committee 
consisting  of  Senores  Hermenegildo  Gorria,  of  the  Royal  Academv 
of  Sciences  and  Arts  of  Barcelona,  President;  Jose  M.  Dusmet,  of 
the  Royal  Spanish  Society  of  Natural  History,  J'ice  President;  and 
Longinos  Navas,  S.  J.,  Secretary.  The  present  official  location  of  the 
society  is  at  the  Colegio  del  Salvador  at  Zaragoza  (Saragossa).  The 
statutes  state  that  the  object  of  the  society  is  "the  theoretical  and 
practical  study  of  insects  in  their  different  aspects.  It  will  include 
then  the  study  of  the  organography,  biolo.uy  and  classification  of  in- 
sects, as  well  as  of  the  uses  which  can  be  derived  from  them  or 
their  work  and  of  the  injuries  which  they  inflict  on  animals  and  plants. 


280  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [Juty>  'l& 

Investigations  on  other  lower  animals,  as  arachnids  and  worms,  hut 
excluding  mollusks,  are  also  admitted.  The  Society  adopts  as  its 
motto  'Lahore  et  ordine.'  By  the  word  labore  the  biological  and  prac- 
tical work  is  indicated  and  hy  ordine  taxonomy.  Both  ideas  are  sym- 
bolized by  a  bee-hive,  which  will  figure  with  the  motto  in  the  seal  and 
medal  of  the  society."  The  society  will  meet  on  the  first  Tuesday 
(not  a  holiday)  of  each  month,  except  July,  August  and  September, 
and  will  publish  a  monthly  bulletin  except  in  the  three  months  named. 
A  double  number  (Nos.  i  and  2  of  Tomo  I)  of  this  Boletin,  for 
Enerc,  1918,  has  appeared,  containing  the  list  of  officers  and  members 
(2  honorary  :  Charles  Oberthur  and  Antonio  Berlese,  and  48  ordinary 
or  "numerarios"),  the  steps  leading  to  the  foundation  of  the  society, 
the  statutes,  the  first  installment  of  a  Systematic-Geographic  Cata- 
logue of  the  Coleoptera  observed  in  the  Iberian  Peninsula,  the  Py- 
renees properly  so-called  and  the  Balearic  Islands  by  Jose  M.  de  la 
Fuente  y  'Morales,  an  annotated  list  of  the  Chernetida  of  Spain  by 
Jose  Fernandez  Nonidez  and  two  pages  of  brief  notes — 32  pages  in 
all.  The  officers  for  1918,  in  addition  to  the  president,  vice-president 
and  secretary,  as  named  above,  are  Senores  Pedro  Ayerbe,  Vice- 
Secretary;  Jose  Cruz  Lapazaran,  Librarian;  Miguel  Padilla,  Conserva- 
tor, and  Jose  Garcia  Crespo,  Treasurer. 


OBITUARY. 

The  death  of  GUSTAVE  ADOLPHE  BAER  at  Paris.  January 
13,  1918,  aged  79  years,  was  announced  at  the  meeting  of  the 
Entomological  Society  of  France,  January  23,  1918.  A  native 
of  Aarau,  Switzerland,  he  joined  the  Society  in  1859,  spent 
the  years  1867  to  1882  at  Manila,  i896-'9S  in  Peru,  crossed 
the  Andes  in  1900,  and  in  1905  made  an  expedition  in  the 
Province  of  Goyaz,  Brazil.  In  1886  he  published  a  catalogue 
of  Philippine  Coleoptera  in  the  Annales  of  the  Society.  (Bull. 
Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  1918,  No.  2.) 


CHARLES  EDWIN  SLEIGHT,  trichopterist  and  general  ento- 
mologist, died  at  Ramsey,  New  Jersey,  May  20,  1917.  An 
obituary  notice  is  published  in  the  Journal  of  the  New  York 
Entomological  Society  for  March,  1918.  He  was  born  at 
Yonkers,  New  York,  May  26,  1860. 

Erratum. 

220,  line   12  for  BERLING  read   BEUNG. 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  01  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42i  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  18! 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  New*,  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork  ;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13x2i  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.— We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square.  Cambridge.  Mass. 


RECENT   LITERATURE 

FOR    SALE    BY 

THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 

1900   RACE  ST.,  PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

DIPTERA. 

776. — Dietz  (W.  G.). — A  revision  of  the  North  American  spe- 
cies of  the  Tipulid  genus  Pachyrhina,  with  descrip- 
tions of  new  species.  [0:25].  (Tr.,  44,  105-140,  4 
pis.,  '18) 65 

2093. — Malloch  (J.  R.). — -A  new  species  of  Johannsenomyia 

(Ceratopogonidae).  (Ent.  News,  29,  229-230,  '18.)  ...  .10 

778. — Marchand  (W.). — The  evolution  of  the  abdominal  pat- 
tern in  Tahanidae.  .  (Tr.,  44,  171-179,  1  pi.,  '18) 20 

HEMIPTERA. 

2092.— McAtee  (W.  L.).— Psyllidae  of  the  vicinity  of  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  with  description  of  a  new  species  of  Aphal- 
ara.  (Ent.  News,  29,  220-224,  fig.,  '18)  10 

2094. — Wilson  (H.  F.). — A  new  species  of  Macrosiphum 

(Aphididae).  (Ent.  News,  29,  230-231,  fig.,  '18)  :10 

ORTHOPTERA. 

777. — Hebard  (M.). — New  genera  and  species  of  Melanopli 
found  within  the  United  States.  [2:10].  (Tr.,  44, 
141-169,  1  pi.,  '18)  50 

779.— Rehn  (J.  A.  G.). — On  Demaptera  and  Orthoptera  from 

southwestern  Brazil.  [0:9].  (Tr.,  44,  181-222,  1  pi.,  '18)  .75 

When  Writing  Pleaae  Mention  "  Entomological  New*." 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


u 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  amathonte 

salkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  columbus  Urania  boisduvali 

andraemon  Erinyis  guttalaris 

celadon  Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 
devilliersi 


u 


t 


From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  Lepidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


From  New  Guinea 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS.    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

philoxenus  Brahmaea  wallachi 

And   Many  Other  Showy  Species 


U 


From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Armandia  lidderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES   OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   SUPPLIES   AND   SPECIMENS 
ON    APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D.  404-410  W.  27th  Streel 


NOTICE  CHANGE  OF  ADDRESS  OF  EDITOR  ON  SECOND  PAGE  OF  COVER 

OCTOBER,   1918. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


Vol.   XXIX. 


No.  8. 


*• 


••      • 


•- . 

:    i 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 
1808-1869. 

PHILIP    P.  CALVE RT,  Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.D.,  Sc.D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


&ZRA    T.    CRESSON. 
PHILIP   LAURENT, 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 


ERICH    DAECKE. 


J.    A.   G.    PEHN. 
H.    W.    WENZBU 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

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• 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  XXIX. 


Fordo,    olivacea. 


E   formicaria.     x  90 


-CSSOM^SS^pi 

F.  olivdcecL 


GRASS-ROOT    APHIDS.-GILLETTE. 


• 

; 
0(;l  I 


• 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NRWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE    ACADEMY    OF    NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.   XXIX. 


OCTOBER,   1918. 


No.   8. 


CONTENTS: 


Gillette— Some  Grass-Root  Aphids 
(Hem.,  Horn.) 281 

Mai  loch — Pyrrhoteshaematoloma  H.S., 
and  Leptocoris  trivittatus  Say  in 
Illinois  (  Hemiptera,  Coreidae) 284 

Alexander — New  Species  of  Crane-flies 
from  California  (Dip.) 285 

Dunn — The  Lake  Mosquito,  Mansonia 
titillans  Walk.,  and  its  Host  Plant, 
Pistia  stratiotes  Linn.,  in  the  Canal 
Zone,  Panama  (Dip.:  Culicidae)..  288 

Dozier — An  Annotated  List  of  Gaines- 
ville, Florida  (Coleoptera)  295 

Death  of  Prof.  S.  W.  Wjllislon 298 


Jones — Dohrniphora  venusta  Coquillett 

(  Dipt.)  in  Sarracenia  flava 299 

The  Rev.   O.   Pickard-Cambridge  and 

his  Collection  of  Arachnida 302 

Van     Dyke— New     Inter-Tidal    Rock- 
Dwelling  Coleoptera  from  Calif 303 

Weiss — Additions  to   Insects  of    New- 
Jersey,  No.  6 309 

Editorial— No  Simple  Life  for  Insects  313 

Emergency  Entomological  Service 313 

Entomological  Literature 314 

Doings  of  Societies — Feldman  Collect- 
ing Social  (Col.,  Dipt.) 319 

Obituary— William  Hague  Harrington  320 


Some  Grass-Root  Aphids  (Hem.,  Horn.). 

By  C.  P.  GILLETTE,  Fort  Collins,  Colorado. 

(Plate  XVI.) 

FORDA    Species. 

When  Heyden,  in  1837,  characterized  this  genus  from  the 
apterous  form  of  his  formic  aria,  he  had  not  seen  the  winged 
lice.  Other  species  have  been  described  since,  but  still  no  one 
seems  to  have  discovered  that  this  root-feeding  group  of 
aphids  develop  winged  lice  in  mid-summer  that  desert  the 
grass  roots  to  seek  fresh  food-plants.  We  have  been  rearing 
the  winded  migrants  of,  at  least,  two  species  of  Fordo,  at  the 
Colorado  Experiment  Station  for  several  years  past.  Believ- 
ing their  characterization  will  be  of  service  in  classifying  the 
group,  I  am  giving  descriptions  of  these  alate  forms  with  our 
data  upon  life  habits,  and  am  also  including  enough  of  a  de- 
scription of  the  apterous  forms  to  enable  one  who  dpes  not 
have  the  original  descriptions  to  separate  them. 

281 


V 

\ 


282  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

Forda  formicaria  Heyden   (Plate   XVI,  figures  1,  2,  3  and  4). 
Syns. :    Rhizotcrus  Tacca  Hartig,  Tychea  graminis  Koch,  Forda  occl- 
dentalis  Hart. 

Apterous  specimens  of  this  species  sent  to  me  by  Air.  F.  Y. 
Theobald,  Wye,  England,  seem  to  be  identical  with  one  of  the 
common  species  upon  grasses  and  in  ant  nests  in  this  country, 
and  both  agree  well  with  the  original  description  of  fonnicaria, 
and  also  with  the  description  given  by  Mr.  Hart,  Eighteenth 
Report  of  State  Entomologist  of  Illinois,  1894,  p.  95,  for  his 
occidentalis;  the  latter  name,  therefore,  along  with  Rhizotcrns 
vacca  Hartig  and  T.  graminis  of  Koch,  are  probably  syno- 
nyms. 

Alate  Summer  Migrant.  About  June  loth,  at  Fort  Collins, 
Colorado,  the  alate  form  begins  to  appear  and  to  migrate  from 
the  grass  roots.  At  the  end  of  about  four  to  six  weeks,  the 
entire  colony  become  winged  and  leave  the  host  plant,  appar- 
ently to  seek  others  of  the  same  sort.  At  least,  we  find  the 
lice  later  in  the  season  upon  grass-roots  again,  where  they  re- 
main all  winter,  and  we  have  not  taken  them  upon  other 
plants. 

This  early  summer  migrant  may  be  described  as  follows:  General 
color  of  prothorax  and  abdomen  sordid  straw  yellow ;  head,  meso-  and 
metathorax,  antennae,  a  transverse  line  on  pronotum,  veins  and  stigma 
of  wings,  entire  legs,  cauda  and  anal  plates,  a  transverse  band  on  each 
abdominal  segment  and  a  small  spot  on  either  lateral  margin  of  the 
segments  of  the  abdomen,  black  or  blackish;  at  th'e  center  of  the  meso- 
thorax  above,  a  small  yellow  spot. 

Wings  hyaline,  cross-veins  I  and  2  of  the  fore  wing  unite  at  the  base 
and  the  third  ends  abruptly  at  basal  one-third  of  length,  all  veins  with 
narrow  blackish  margin ;  stigma  short,  stout,  rounded  distally,  with 
stigmal  vein  rising  near  the  middle  at  the  thickest  part ;  hind  wing 
with  2  transverse  nerves,  the  second  obsolete  at  base. 

Head  and  antennae  well  set  with  short,  curved  hairs ;  head  short, 
broad,  vertex  slightly  bi-lobed ;  beak  reaching  hind  coxae :  antennal 
joints  I  and  2  sub-equal,  3  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  entire 
antenna;  joint  4  somewhat  longer  than  joint  .s  with  the  small  spur; 
joint  3  with  about  30  oval  sensoria  extending  along  its  entire  length; 
joint  4  with  usually  2  sensoria  before  the  large  terminal  one:  joint  5 
with  a  very  large  sensorium  at  base  of  spur.  Cauda  broadly  rounded 
and  twice  as  broad  as  long ;  see  Plate  XVI.  figures  2  and  4.  Length 
2.70  to  3. ;  antennae,  .80  to  .90  mm. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  283 

We  have  taken  the  alate  form  from  June  2  to  July  12  on  the 
roots  of  grasses. 

Apterous  Form — The  adult  apterous  form  is  sordid  grayish  green 
in  color,  is  very  plump,  and  set  with  rather  plentiful  long  fine  hairs; 
the  beak  reaches  to  a  point  half-way  between  the  hind  coxae  and  the 
tip  of  the  abdomen,  and  joint  3  of  the  antenna  is  distinctly  longer 
than  joints  4  and  $  with  spur  combined;  length  2.80  mm.  These 
characters  easily  separate  this  species  from  F.  olii^cca.  See  figures 
I  and  3. 

We  have  taken  this  species  on  the  roots  of  Melica  bnlbosa, 
Poa  pratensis,  Phlcuin  alpinum,  and  Elymns  sp.  in  Colorado. 

Forda  olivacea   Roh.    (Plate   XVI,   figures   5,   6,    7   and   8). 

Alatc  z'iriparons  female.  This  is  a  very  abundant  louse  upon  the 
roots  of  different  grasses.  To  the  naked  eye,  or  by  the  use  of  a  hand 
lens,  the  alate  lice  appear  entirely  black.  The  real  color  is  dark 
olive  green.  The  head,  thorax,  antennae,  legs,  anal  plate  and  a  trans- 
verse band  on  each  segment  of  the  abdomen  on  the  dorsum  are  black, 
or  nearly  so.  In  some,  the  legs,  especially  the  middle  pair,  show 
considerable  light  brown  color. 

The  body  is  very  robust,  wings  stout  and  short,  stigma  short,  broad 
and  blackish,  especially  along  the  lower  margin ;  cross-veins  slender 
and  brown  in  color,  veins  i  and  2  rising  near  together,  but  not  uniting 
as  in  formicaria :  hind  wing  with  2  transverse  nervures ;  sub-costal 
vein  very  strong  and  black;  transverse  veins  simple  as  in  Pemphigus, 
stigmal  vein  rising  at  center  of  the  under  side  of  the  stigma  and 
extending  to  the  tip  of  the  wing. 

Joint  3  of  the  antenna  with  a  poorlv  defined  double  row  of  oval 
transverse  sensoria,  about  20  to  24  in  number;  joint  4  with  2  to  4  large 
oval  sensoria,  and  joint  .5  with  i  or  2  before  the  large  one  near  the 
distal  end;  spur  rather  short;  joint  3  as  long  as  the  two  following, 
together,  including  the  spur;  beak  attaining  the  second  coxae.  Cauda 
short,  broad,  rounded  posteriorly. 

Length  of  body,  1.80  to  2.20;  wing,  2.50  to  3;  antenna,  .65  to  .70; 
hind  tibia.  .75  mm. 

Described  from  numerous  specimens  taken  at  Fort  Collins, 
Colorado,  by  L.  C.  Bragg-,  June  25,  1912,  and  by  the  writer. 
June  26,  1915,  in  both  cases  from  Hordcnni  sp. 

Apterous  female  :  Color  sordid  greenish  yellow,  head  and  prothorax 
a  little  dusky;  legs,  antennae,  anal  and  genital  plates,  and  usually  i 
or  2  transverse  lines  on  terminal  segments  of  abdomen  above,  dusky 
to  blackish;  antennae>.54  mm.  long  and  s-jointed;  joint  3  shorter  than 
4  and  5  together;  joints  4  and  5  each  with  sensorium  near  distal  end, 


284  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct., 'l8 

beak  barely  surpassing  3d  coxae ;  vertex  very  convex  ;  body  of  large 
examples  2.5  by  I..S  mm.  very  plump,  almost  globular;  cauda  very 
short,  oval,  set  with  short  hairs  only ;  no  cornicles,  eyes  dusky  and 
small  in  size ;  ocular  tubercle  large  but  not  very  prominent ;  body  and 
appendages  very  free  from  hairs. 

This  is,  by  far,  the  more  abundant  of  these  two  species  in 
Colorado,  and  does  considerable  damage  to  grasses  and  grains 
every  year.  It  is  most  common  upon  somewhat  isolated  clumps 
of  grass  along  the  roadside,  the  borders  of  the  fields  and  upon 
ditch  banks,  where  the  ground  is  not  often  cultivated.  The 
louse  colonies  work  mostly  upon  the  roots,  close  about  the 
crown  of  the  plants,  for  the  most  part  within  one-half  inch  of 
the  surface  of  the  ground,  and  always  are  accompanied  by 
ants.  As  a  result,  the  roots  are  often  largely  destroyed,  the 
plants  stunted  and  have  the  appearance  of  drying  out,  and 
are  easily  pulled  from  the  ground.  The  lice,  being  wholly 
underground,  are  seldom  noticed  by  the  farmer. 

While  this  louse  is  a  very  general  feeder  among  the  grasses. 
Hordeum,  or  squirrel-tail  grass,  and  the  Agropyrons,  or  wheat 
grasses  and  Kentucky  blue  grass,  seem  to  be  favorites.  We 
have  taken  this  species  also  on  wheat,  oats,  barley,  timothy, 
Bromus  inermis,  B.  tectorwn,  and  species  of  Elymus. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XVI. 

Figures  I  and  2 — Apterous  viviparous  and  alate  viviparous  forms 
of  Forda  formicaria;  3  and  4  antennae  of  the  same;  5  and  6  apterous 
and  alate  forms  of  Forda  olivacea,  7  and  8  antennae  of  the  same. 
Original ;  Miriam  A.  Palmer,  delineator. 


Pyrrhotes  haematoloma  H.  S.,  and  Leptocoris  trivittatus  Say 
in  Illinois  (Hemiptera,  Coreidae). 

The  distribution  of  the  above  two  coreids  as  given  by  Van  Duzee 
in  his  recently  published  catalogue  does  not  extend  east  of  the  Missis- 
sippi River.  The  first  named  species  is  represented  in  our  collection 
by  one  specimen  taken  bv  the  writer  at  Havana,  Illinois,  August  30, 
1917,  in  a  sand  blowout,  and  several  specimens  from  Texas,  one  of 
which  was  taken  at  Brownsville  by  Mr.  C.  A.  Hart.  The  other  species 
is  the  very  common  box-elder  bug  in  connection  with  the  abundance 
of  which  in  Illinois  we  receive  many  letters  annually.  J.  R.  MALLOCH, 
Urbana,  Illinois. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  285 

New  Species  of  Crane-flies  from  California  (Dip.). 

By  CHARLES  P.  ALEXANDER,  Kansas  University,  Lawrence, 

Kansas. 

The  following  new  species  of  crane-flies  were  included  in 
a  collection  of  undetermined  material  sent  to  me  for  nam- 
ing through  the  kindness  of  Mr.  Millard  C.  YanDuzee,  to 
whom  I  am  indebted  for  this,  as  well  as  many  other  favors  in 
the  past. 

The  types  are  in  the  writer's  collection. 

Family  TANYBERIDAE. 
Protoplasa  vanduzeei  sp.  n. 

Size  small  (wing  under  seven  mm.)  ;  wing  long  and  narrow,  spotted 
and  clouded  with  grayish,  the  pattern  heaviest  on  the  anterior  half  of 
the  wing,  including  the  entire  costal  cell. 

$  .  Length  about  5  mm.;  wing  6.3  mm.;  greatest  width  of  the  wing 
1.2  mm. 

Rostrum  brown;  mouth  parts  and  palpi  dark  brown.  Antennae  dark 
brown,  short,  apparently  :6-segmented,  the  segments  with  pale  hairs. 
Head  light  brown  with  a  dark  brown  dorso- median  line. 

Pronotum  brownish.  Mesonotal  praescutum  light  grayish-brown 
with  three  brown  stripes,  the  middle  stripe  broad,  split  by  a  narrow 
pale  line;  lateral  stripes  less  distinct;  remainder  of  the  mesonotum 
grayish-brown  ;  the  scutellum  fringed  with  about  15  long  hairs.  Pleura 
light  grayish-brown.  Halteres  dark  brown,  the  .extreme  base  and  the 
stem  paler.  Legs  with  the  coxae  and  trochanters  pale  yellowish-brown, 
sparsely  gray  pruinose ;  femora  pale  yellowish-brown,  the  apices  dark- 
er ;  tibiae  pale  brown  tipped  with  darker ;  tarsi  dark  brown. 

Wings  long  and  narrow,  subhyaline  with  a  heavy  gray  pattern,  as 
follows:  costal  cell;  large  clouds  at  the  base  of  cells  R  and  M.  at  the 
base  of  Rs,  along  the  cord  and  at  the  fork  of  veins  Ri+j;  most  of 
these  markings  lie  on  the  anterior  half  of  the  wing,  those  on  the  pos- 
terior half  located  at  the  wing  margin  at  the  ends  of  the  longitudinal 
veins  and  scattered  along  the  veins  as  rounded  spots.  Venation :  all 
veins  long  and  slender,  conforming  to  the  extreme  narrow  shape  of 
the  wing;  m-cu  cross-vein  obliterated;  anal  angle  of  the  wing  not  as 
distinct  as  usual  in  the  genus. 

Abdominal  tergites  light  brown  nasally,  dark  brown  on  the  apical 
half,  the  extreme  caudal  margin  narrowly  ringed  with  pale;  stcrnites 
paler.  Hypopygium  with  the  pleural  appendages  orange,  bi-lobed,  the 
dorsal  lobe  elongate,  slender,  the  ventral  lobe  short,  stout,  obtusely 
rounded. 


286  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

Holotype:  $,  Los  Cerritos,  California,  March  14,  1915. 
(M.  C.  VD.) 

This  interesting  fly  is  closest  to  P.  vipio  O.  S.  but  is  a  very 
different  species,  being  much  smaller  and  showing  unmistak- 
able signs  of  degeneracy  of  the  wings.  I  take  great  pleasure 
in  dedicating  this  interesting  crane-fly  to  Mr.  VanDuzee, 
who  collected  the  type  specimen. 

Family  TIPULIDAE. 
Tribe  Eriopterini. 
Erioptera  (Erioptera)  cinctipennis  sp.  n. 

Coloration  gray,  praescutum  with  four  narrow  brown  stripes ;  wings 
dusky,  cross-banded  with  subhyaline. 

$.     Length  4.5-5  mm.;  wing  5.4-5.7  mm. 

Rostrum  and  palpi  black.  Antennae  black,  short,  the  flagellar  seg- 
ments short,  oval,  with  a  dense  pale  pubescence.  Head  dark  gray. 

Pronotum  gray,  the  scutellum  more  yellowish.  Mesonotal  praescu- 
tum brownish-gray  with  four  narrow  brown  stripes,  the  intermediate 
pair  longer;  pseudosutural  foveae  elongate,  conspicuous,  jet  black,  ex- 
tending obliquely  across  the  segment  just  in  front  of  the  lateral 
stripes ;  scutum  gray  with  two  brown  spots  on  each  lobe ;  scutellum 
and  postnotum  light  gray.  Pleura  clear  light  gray.  Halteres  light 
yellow  throughout.  Legs  with  the  coxae  brown,  sparsely  gray  pruinose ; 
trochanters  and  femora  brown,  the  latter  broadly  darkened  apically ; 
tibiae  and  tarsi  dark  brown. 

Wings  comparatively  narrow,  strongly  suffused  with  dark  brown, 
the  basal  portion  of  the  wings,  a  broad  band  before  the  ,cord  and  the 
broad  subapical  regions  clearer,  presenting  an  appearance  of  a  clear 
narrow  band  before  the  cord  and  a  broader  brown  band  extending 
from  the  stigma  across  the  wing;  stigma  distinct,  dark  brown;  veins 
dark  brown.  Venation  as  in  subgenus ;  7?^+-j?  usually  short,  about 
equal  to,  or  a  little  longer  than,  r  or  r-m;  second  anal  vein  not  greatly 
sinuated. 

Abdomen  dark  brown,  the  apices  and  lateral  margins  of  the  segments 
narrowly  pale  and  with  sparse  golden  hairs.  Hypopygium  more  red- 
dish. 

Holot\pe:  S,  Los  Angeles,  California,  April  29,  1915.  (M. 
C.  VD.) 

Paratopotypes,  four  $,  April  26-May  3,  1915. 

Paratypes,  two  $ ,  Los  Cerritos,  California,  March  JT,  11)15. 
(M.  C.  VD.) 


Vol.  XXIX  |  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  28/ 

This  handsome  species  is  readily  told  from  related  species 
of  the  subgenus  by  its  handsomely  banded  wings,  in  this  re- 
spect suggesting  the  South  African  E.  pcringncvi  Bergroth. 

Tribe   Limnophilini 
Phyllolabis  flavida  sp.  n. 

Coloration  pale  yellow;  wings  nearly  hyaline,  stigma  lacking;  vein 
Sc  long,  R2+3  arcuated,  about  equal  to  cell  R*  alone  ;  inner  end  of 
cell  ist  M:>,  slightly  proximad  of  r-m. 

$ .  Length  5.3  mm. ;  wing  5.5  mm.  9 .  Length  4.8  mm. ;  wing  5.8 
mm.  '!  R|  ^ 

Rostrum  and  palpi  pale  yellow.  Antennae  elongate,  in  the  male,  if 
bent  backward,  extending  about  to  the  base  of  the  abdomen,  the 
flagellar  segments  cylindrical,  with  moderately  long  hairs ;  antennae 
pale  yellowish,  the  terminal  segments  darker.  Head  brownish-yellow; 
eyes  large,  black. 

Thorax  pale  brownish-yellow,  without  distinct  stripes.  Halteres 
elongate,  pale,  the  knobs  brownish.  Legs  pale  yellowish,  the  tarsi 
dark  brown. 

Wings  rather  broad,  pale,  subhyaline,  stigma  lacking;  veins  brown. 
Venation:  Sc  long,  ending  just  before  the  middle  of  /?_=>+.?,•  in  the 
other  described  species  of  the  genus  Sc  is  much  shorter,  ending  just 
beyond  the  fork  of  the  sector ;  R2-\-$  arcuated,  shorter  than,  or  sub- 
equal  to  R2  alone;  inner  end  of  cell  ist  M*  slightly  proximad  of  r-m. 

Abdomen  pale  yellowish,  the  segments  ringed  caudally  with  darker. 
Segments  eight  and  nine,  and  the  posterior  half  of  seven,  black;  hypo- 
pygium  orange-brown.  Male  hypopygium  with  the  caudal  projection 
of  the  eighth  sternite  long,  slender,  narrow  at  the  base,  gradually  and 
slightly  expanded  toward  the  apex,  which  is  bilobed  and  pubescent; 
just  dorsad  of  this  blade  are  two  needle-like  blades.  Lateral  pro- 
longations of  the  pleurites  elongate,  curved,  fringed  at  the  tips  and 
along  the  sides  with  long  stout  hairs,  the  apical  portion  of  this  arm 
expanded.  Ventral  inner  pleural  appendage  sickle-shaped,  with  a 
slender  handle,  the  blade  widely  expanded,  curved  outwardly,  the 
acute  lips  directed  inwardly;  dorsal  inner  pleural  appendages  bifid,  the 
inner  arm  longest  and  decussate  with  its  fellow  of  the  opposite  side. 

Holot\[>e:  £,  Alpine,  San  Diego  County,  California,  April 
io,  1915.  (M.  C.  YD.) 

.•Illotypc:    9,  with  the  type. 

Related  to  /'.  cluriijcr  C).  S.  in  the  lack  of  a  stigmal  spot 
to  the  wings,  but  very  distinct  in  its  pale  coloration,  vena- 
tional  details,  and,  especially,  the  peculiar  male  genitalia. 


288  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

Limnophila  (Dactylolabis)  nitidithorax  sp.  n. 

Wings  deeply  suffused  with  brown,  unspotted ;  body-coloration  dark 
brown,  somewhat  shiny;  legs  at  the  base,  including  the  coxae,  yellowish. 

$.  Length  6.2-7  mm.;  wing  6.4-7.1  mm. 

Rostrum  and  palpi  dark  brown.  Antennae  short,  dark  brown ;  head 
broad  between  the  eyes  with  long  scattered  black  hairs ;  head  brown- 
ish-black, very  sparsely  grey  pruinose. 

Thoracic  dorsum  dark  brown,  without  distinct  stripes,  sublustrous, 
very  sparsely  pruinose ;  dorso-pleural  membranes  dull  brown.  Pleura 
similar  to  the  dorsum.  Halteres  short,  yellow.  Legs  with  the  coxae 
yellowish,  the  outer  faces  at  the  base  darkened ;  trochanters  yellow ; 
femora  yellow,  the  tips  dark  brown ;  tibiae  and  tarsi  brown. 

Wings  with  a  strong  brownish  tinge  ;  veins  dark  brown.  Venation 
as  in  the  subgenus ;  r  at  the  tip  of  Ri;  7?<?+j  short  to  very  short; 
Rs  nearly  perpendicular  at  its  origin ;  cell  Mi  deep,  longer  than  its 
petiole;  basal  deflection  of  Cui  at,  or  just  beyond,  the  fork  of  M. 

Abdomen  dark  brownish-black,  the  caudal  margins  of  the  segments 
and  a  narrow  dorso-median  line  black ;  hypopygium  black ;  ventral 
pleural  appendages  very  long,  digitiform,  longer  than  the  pleurites. 

Holot\pc\  $,  Berkeley,  California,  May  16,  1915.  (M.  C. 
VD.) 

Paratopotypes,  three  $ . 

The  only  regional  species  of  this  subgenus  with  the  wings 
unspotted  is  L.  (D.)  hortensia  Alex.  (British  Columbia),  a 
grayish  fly  with  quite  a  different  wing-venation. 


The  Lake  Mosquito,  Mansonia  titillans  Walk.,  and 
its  Host  Plant,  Pistia  stratiotes  Linn.,  in  the  Canal 
Zone,  Panama  (Dip. :  Culicidae). 

By  L.  H.  DUNN,  formerly  Entomologist  of  Board  of  Health 
Laboratory,  Ancon,  Canal  Zone. 

(Continued  from  page  269) 

We  have  noted  a  few  virgin  females  that,  when  confined  in 
cages,  would  take  a  blood  meal  nearly  every  day ;  one  speci- 
men took  14  blood  meals  in  17  days,  which  is  the  longest  time 
that  we  have  been  able  to  keep  M.  titillans  alive  in  captivity. 

In  some  instances  the  bite  of  this  mosquito  is  quite  painful 
and  produces  considerable  irritation.  In  other  cases  their  bites 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  289 

are  hardly  noticeable.  During  some  experiments  recently  car- 
ried out  in  an  attempt  to  incriminate  this  species  with  the 
transmission  of  Dengue  fever — which  proved  negative  and 
were  not  completed — 34  mosquitoes  were  allowed  to  become 
gorged  on  one  patient.  These  bites  extended  over  a  period  of 
five  days.  They  did  not  cause  the  patient  any  itching  or  pain 
except  a  few  of  them,  less  than  10  per  cent.,  when  the  skin 
was  first  pierced.  Many  times  the  patient  could  not  feel  the 
mosquitoes  biting  at  all.  The  writer  afterwards  received  97 
bites  from  these  same  mosquitoes  during  a  period  of  10  days. 
The  only  sensation  experienced  was  an  occasional  slight  sting 
when  the  mouth  parts  were  first  inserted.  A  slight  itching 
sensation  developed  in  a  few  of  the  bitten  areas  several  days 
later  when  accidentally  rubbed  or  irritated. 

Although  M.  titillans  is  present  throughout  all  months  of 
the  year  in  the  Canal  Zone,  it  is  most  abundant  from  late  April 
to  early  October.  During  this  period  it  is  more  numerous  in 
the  lake  region,  and  is  also  found  at  greater  distances  from 
the  lake. 

While  investigating  the  abundance  of  this  species  on  the 
west  side  of  the  lake,  we  visited  Mr.  J.  A.  Forsyth  on  board 
the  house-boat  Hyacinth  on  the  evening  of  October  i,  1915. 
Mr.  Forsyth  is  in  charge  of  the  destruction  of  the  water  hya- 
cinths in  Gatun  Lake.  While  searching  for  the  hyacinths  he 
visits  many  obscure  parts  of  the  lake,  and  has  been  kind 
enough  to  keep  me  informed  of  the  status  of  the  Pistia,  and 
has  assisted  in  my  observations  on  this  plant  in  many  ways. 
He  had  previously  informed  me  of  the  hosts  of  mosquitoes 
that  paid  nightly  visits  to  the  house-boat.  Owing  to  this  in- 
formation an  evening  visit  was  made  for  the  purpose  of  inves- 
tigation. The  boat  was  anchored  about  200  yards  from  the 
shore  in  an  arm  of  the  Cano  River  region,  at  the  west  side 
of  the  lake,  about  one  and  one-half  miles  west  of  the  Canal 
route.  Two  miles  west  of  the  place  of  anchorage  the  surface 
of  the  water,  several  square  miles  in  area,  was  covered  with 
packed  masses  of  the  Pistia  plants.  All  the  living  quarters  of 
the  boat  were  well  screened.  The  fore  deck  was 


290  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

and  unscreened.  At  the  beginning  of  dusk  the  mosquitoes, 
attracted  by  our  lights,  began  mobilizing,  and  soon  they  were 
flying  about  in  veritable  swarms,  and  resting  on  the  window 
and  door  screens  by  the  hundreds.  Wishing  to  secure  speci- 
mens for  identification,  we  stepped  out  on  the  unscreened  fore 
deck  of  the  boat,  and  after  quickly  sweeping  a  five-inch  midget 
net  through  the  air  in  a  circle  a  few  times,  hastily  retreated 
within  the  protection  of  the  screens.  An  examination  of  the 
contents  of  the  net  revealed  39  mosquitoes.  All  were  M.  titil- 
lans.  Seven  were  males  and  32  females.  In  January,  1916, 
four  months  later,  this  house-boat,  which  was  still  anchored 
at  the  same  place,  was  again  visited,  but  comparatively  few 
mosquitoes  came  to  attack  us  in  the  evening. 

A  considerable  amount  of  interesting  information  has  been 
obtained  concerning  the  water  lettuce,  Pistia  stratiotes,  which 
acts  as  host  plant  for  M.  titillans  by  furnishing  the  larval  and 
pupal  forms  with  their  necessary  air-supply.  The  name  Pistia 
was  undoubtedly  derived  from  the  Greek  word  pistos,  mean- 
ing watery,  this  name  being  probably  gained  by  the  plant's 
aquatic  nature.  In  many  of  the  Spanish-speaking  countries 
of  Central  and  South  America  this  plant  is  known  as  "Sirena." 
In  the  West  Indies  it  is  commonly  referred  to  as  Water  Let- 
tuce, while  in  other  localities  it  is  termed  Tropical  Duckweed. 
The  appellative  of  Water  Lettuce  is  quite  suitable  for  this 
aquatic  herb,  as  it  bears  a  somewhat  superficial  resemblance 
to  the  ordinary  lettuce  of  the  garden  variety.  It  is  a  tropical 
and  subtropical  plant  and  has  a  wide  distribution,  being  found 
in  many  parts  of  the  world.  It  is  distributed  in  the  United 
States  as  far  north  as  North  Carolina,  being  especially  abun- 
dant in  the  St.  Johns  River  in  Florida ;  throughout  Central 
and  South  America  and  the  West  Indies ;  in  Africa  from  Natal 
to  Senegambia  and  Nubia ;  in  Asia  from  the  East  Indies  to  the 
Philippine  Islands,  and  on  the  Madagascar  and  Mascarene  Is- 
lands. 

Hogg,5  in  speaking  of  this  plant,  says,  ".  .  .  .  in  the  West 
Indies,  Africa  and  India,  where  it  is  said  to  absorb  the  dele- 

5  Hogg's  Vegetable  Kingdom. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS 

terious  gases  of  the  muddy  marshes  where  it  grows,  and  it  is 
perhaps  on  this  account  that  it  is  held  sacred  on  the  west 
coast  of  Africa,  the  priests  consecrating  it  in  vases  filled  with 
water  in  which  it  is  left  to  grow.  A  decoction  of  the  plant  is 
considered  demulcent  and  refrigerant,  and  is  prescribed  in 
dysuria  and  other  diseases  of  the  urinary  passages.  In  India 
the  leaves  are  applied  to  hemorrhoids.  The  plant  is  said  to 
be  so  acrid  that  in  Jamaica  the  water  taken  from  the  tanks 
where  it  grows  is  so  impregnated  with  acridity  that  it  causes 
bloody  flux." 

This  plant  has  the  general  appearance  of  a  loose  rosette  of 
green  leaves.  These  leaves  are  wedge-shaped,  being  broad 
and  somewhat  flattened  at  the  apical  end,  and  narrowly  tapered 
at  the  basal  end.  Many  have  a  central  indentation  at  the  api- 
cal end.  On  healthy  plants  the  leaves  are  of  firm  texture  and 
a  bright  green  in  color.  They  are  thickly  clothed  with  fine 
downy  hairs.  A  small  flower-bearing  bract  arises  near  the 
base  of  each  foliage  leaf.  Each  bract  contains  a  male  an-d  a 
female  flower  attached  to  an  adnate  spadix.  The  flowers  are 
very  small,  white,  inconspicuous  and  unisexual.  The  male 
flowers  are  arranged  in  whorls  with  two  very  short  stamens. 
The  female  flowers  are  solitary.  The  ovaries  are  single-celled 
and  contain  many  small  seeds.  From  near  the  base  of  each 
leaf  there  also  springs  a  slender  shoot  or  runner  which  extends 
away  from  the  parent  plant  and  develops  a  young  plant  at  its 
apical  end.  Sometimes  this  young  shoot  plant  becomes  sep- 
arated from  the  parent  plant  very  quickly,  but  occasionally  it 
in  turn  sends  out  its  plant  shoot  before  the  connecting  runner 
is  broken.  Thus  at  times  three  generations  of  plants  may  be 
found  still  attached  to  each  other,  although  this  does  not  com- 
monly occur. 

The  roots  of  a  large  plant  consist  of  innumerable  long,  slen- 
der, feathery  filaments. 

Upon  the  bursting  of  the  seed  pods  the  small  seeds  drop 
down  beneath  the  surface  of  the  water,  lodging  in  the  root 
masses  if  the  plants  be  closely  packed;  if  not,  they  sink  to  the 
bottom.  After  remaining  in  the  water  for  approximately  ten 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

days,  each  seed  germinates  a  small  leaf.  Upon  first  issuing 
forth  this  is  nearly  round  in  shape,  about  i  mm.  in  diameter, 
and  resembles  a  tiny  green  ball.  This  leaf  continues  to  grow 
under  water  until  about  the  third  day,  when  it  is  usually  3  or 
4  mm.  in  diameter.  It  then  slowly  rises  to  the  surface  of  the 
water  and  is  soon  floating  buoyantly.  A  second  leaf  usually 
makes  its  appearance  on  the  first  or  second  day  after  the  young 
plant  has  reached  the  surface.  Several  slender,  threadlike 
rootlets  also  make  their  appearance  soon  after  the  surface  has 
been  reached,  and  extend  downward  in  the  water.  About 
every  five  or  seven  days  thereafter  a  new  leaf  adds  itself  to 
the  formation  of  the  rosette.  On  a  i-i-day-old  plant  of  average 
size  the  leaves  are  about  10  mm.  long,  8  mm.  wide,  and  the 
rootlets  about  15  mm.  in  length.  The  growth  is  very  rapid 
and  in  a  few  months  a  plant  attains  a  diameter  of  from  5  to 
8  inches,  and  may  have  several  runners,  with  young  sprout 
plants  attached,  fastened  to  it. 

Older  and  larger  specimens  may  be  found  having  from  16 
to  20  leaves,  some  of  the  latter  being  from  7  to  10  inches  in 
length.  The  roots  attain  a  length  of  y/2  feet,  and  open  out 
sufficiently  to  form  a  bulky  mass  below  the  surface  of  the 
water. 

In  new  locations  these  plants  grow  in  great  numbers  in  the 
quiet  water  near  the  shore,  where  they  are  protected  from  the 
winds  and  currents.  They  multiply  so  rapidly  that  large 
masses  are  soon  formed.  Strong  winds,  or  heavy  rains, 
causing  an  elevation  of  the  water,  tend  to  set  these  floating 
masses  of  plants  in  motion,  and  they  drift  about  on  the  sur- 
face of  the  wrater  with  the  action  of  the  winds  and  currents, 
until  they  are  again  swept  into  protected  coves  or  lodge  be- 
tween the  dead  trees  in  the  inundated  area.  Here  the  masses 
continue  to  enlarge  and  each  day  finds  a  little  more  of  the 
surface  of  the  water  covered  with  a  bright  green  carpet  of 
Pistia.  When  we  consider  that  propagation  occurs  both  by 
seeds  and  runners,  an  idea  may  be  formed  of  the  rapidity  with 
which  it  multiplies. 

During  the  dry  season  there  is  a  noticeable  difference  in  the 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  2Q3 

appearance  of  the  plants.  At  this  period  of  the  year  the  large 
outside  leaves  drop  over  on  the  surface  of  the  water  and  slowly 
decay.  The  smaller  leaves  in  the  center  of  the  plant  remain 
alive,  but  their  growth  is  very  slow.  The  usual  bright-green 
color  gives  way  to  a  lemon  yellow.  Plants  that  measure  14 
and  16  inches  in  diameter  during  the  wet  season  diminish  in 
size  to  6  inches,  or  even  less,  during  the  dry  season.  Many  of 
the  filamentous  roots  also  seem  to  decay  and  drop  off  during 
the  dry  season.  During  this  time  large  plants  are  often  found 
having  less  than  10  per  cent,  of  the  number  of  rootlets  that 
are  usually  present  at  other  times  of  the  year.  From  observa- 
tions made  we  consider  that  these  changes  are  caused  by  the 
dry  hot  winds,  burning  sun  and  lack  of  rain  and  moisture  of 
the  dry  season.  Apparently  the  leaves  are  unable  to  take  up 
sufficient  moisture  from  the  water  in  which  they  grow  to  with- 
stand the  effects  of  the  wind  and  sun  for  any  length  of  time. 
A  certain  amount  of  rainfall  seems  to  be  necessary.  Plants 
growing  in  small  sheltered  coves,  where  they  are  continually 
shaded  from  the  sun  and  protected  from  the  action  of  wind 
and  current,  remain  green  and  vigorous  throughout  the  year. 

On  nearly  all  arms  of  the  lake  that  reach  back  into  former 
river  valleys,  portions  of  the  surface  will  be  found  thicklv.  cov- 
ered with  Pistia  plants.  In  the  Cano  and  Pescado  River  reg- 
ions tightly  packed  masses  of  plants  extend  over  the  surface 
from  shore  to  shore,  covering  the  water  for  mile  after  mile. 
In  the  lower  parts  of  the  Pelanque,  Aguadiente  and  Chilibre 
districts  several  square  miles  of  Pistia  may  be  found.  The 
lake  portion  of  nearly  every  river  region  on  either  side  of  the 
lake  has  its  quota  of  plants. 

\\V  have  made  soundings  at  points  in  the  Cano  River  dis- 
trict where  these  plants  were  so  thickly  massed  together  on 
the  surface  that  it  was  necessary  to  separate  them  in  order  to 
see  the  water,  and  found  a  depth  of  34  feet  under  them,. 
However,  although  growing  and  rapidly  multiplying  on  the 
surface  of  deep  water,  they  reach  a  greater  degree  of  luxuri- 
ance when  in  shallow  pools  of  stagnant  water,  bordered  by 
thick  forest  growths  which  afford  shade.  In  places  of  this 


294  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

character  the  plants  grow  very  large.  The  rootlets  become 
very  numerous,  forming  large  heavy  masses,  and  are  usually 
well  covered  \vith  decayed  vegetable  debris.  On  one  plant 
taken  from  such  a  locality  51  larvae  of  M.  titillans  were  found 
attached  to  the  rootlets. 

That  the  Pistia  plant  is  essential  to  the  existence  of  M.  titil- 
lans in  the  larval  stage  might  be  well  assumed,  and  is  in  fact 
rendered  highly  probable  by  the  simultaneous  increase  of  both 
the  plant  and  mosquito  in  the  Canal  Zone  following  the  forma- 
tion of  Gatun  Lake.  However,  we  strongly  suspect  that  this 
species  may  occasionally  be  found  attached  to  the  roots  of 
other  aquatic  plants.  A  few  larvae  closely  resembling  M. 
titillans  have  been  found  attached  to  the  roots  of  grasses, 
sedges,  etc.,  of  aquatic  nature.  These  larvae  were  too  small 
for  positive  identification  and  when  placed  in  jars  died  in  a 
few  days.  It  is  possible  that  they  may  have  been  larvae  of 
another  species  of  Mansonia  very  close  to  titillans. 

As  far  as  known  at  present  no  morbid  conditions  have  been 
credited  to  this  mosquito.  However,  should  it  ever  become 
certain  that  this  species  is  concerned  with  the  transmission 
of  disease  in  the  Canal  Zone,  it  will  then  be  necessary  to  take 
steps  for  its  elimination.  This  can  only  be  accomplished  by 
clearing  the  Zone  of  the  water  lettuce.  When  we  estimate  the 
number  of  square  miles  of  this  plant  that  may  be  found  float- 
ing on  the  surface,  we  would  on  first  reflection  be  justified  in 
considering  that  its  eradication  would  be  an  undertaking  of 
considerable  magnitude,  but  in  reality  it  could  be  accomplished 
under  quite  reasonable  conditions.  The  most  feasible  plan  for 
the  destruction  of  these  plants  is  spraying  with  an  arsenical 
solution.  They  are  readily  killed  by  arsenical  sprays  and  will 
decay  and  sink  in  from  6  to  8  days  after  the  spray  has  been 
applied.  This  work  would  require  a  house-boat,  steam  launch, 
pump-boat  and  about  three  pangas,  or  row  boats.  A  crew 
consisting  of  one  white  man  and  from  eight  to  twelve  negroes 
would  be  necessary.  An  outfit  of  this  kind  should  spray  about 
an  average  of  35,000  square  feet  per  day  when  the  plants  are 
in  good-sized  masses.  The  initial  cost  of  the  outfit  would  be 


Vol.  XXIX]  KNTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  2Q5 

the  most  expensive  part  of  the  campaign,  as  the  maintenance 
would  be  but  slight  in  comparison  with  the  work  accomplished. 
However,  this  work  will  probably  never  be  undertaken  in  the 
Canal  Zone  unless  M.  titillans  is  strongly  incriminated  in  the 
transmission  of  some  disease  injurious  to  man  or  domestic 
animals. 

Throughout  our  observations  we  have  diligently  searched 
for  insects  destructive  to  this  plant,  but  up  to  the  present  time 
we  have  found  but  one  natural  enemy.  This  is  the  larval 
form  of  a  small  moth,  Sauica  miiltipllcalis  Guen.  These 
small,  worm-like  larvae  tunnel  into,  and  feed  upon,  the  foliage 
leaves,  destroying  large  numbers  of  them.  However,  the 
plants  multiply  so  rapidly  that  the  destruction  caused  by  these 
larvae  is  seldom  obvious.  It  is  to  be  deplored  that  this  de- 
struction is  not  excessive  enough  to  produce  results  in  dimin- 
ishing the  number  of  M.  titillans  in  the  Canal  Zone. 


An  Annotated  List  of  Gainesville,  Florida,  Coleoptera. 

By  H.  L.  DOZIER,  University  of  Florida. 

The  following  annotated  list  is  the  result  of  extensive  col- 
lecting at  Gainesville,  Florida,  from  January  I,  1916,  to  June  i, 
1917.  Collections  and  observations  were  taken  under  all  con- 
ditions and  during  all  seasons  of  the  year.  These  were  made 
in  the  various  ecological  habitats,  but  the  majority  of  the 
Coleoptera  listed  here  are  hammock  insects,  as  the  writer  was 
conducting  an  ecological  study  of  Florida  hammock  and  piny- 
woods  insects  during  this  period. 

The  term  "hammocks"  is  applied  in  Florida  to  the  dense 
hardwood  and  cabbage-palmetto  forests,  as  distinguished  from 
the  open  pine  lands  and  cypress  swamps. 

All  specimens  were  collected  by  tin-  writer  unless  otherwise 
designated.  A  number  of  records  of  Prof.  J.  R.  Watson, 
Entomologist  of  the  Florida  Agricultural  Fxperiment  Station, 
are  included  and  credited  to  J.  R.  W.  Specimens  designated 
Bio.  Coll.  are  in  the  biological  collection  of  the  University  of 
Florida. 


296  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

The  bulk  of  the  determinations  has  been  made  by  Mr.  W. 
S.  Fisher,  of  the  United  States  National  Museum,  to  whom  I 
am  especially  indebted.  Others  who  have  determined  material 
and  to  whom  I  wish  to  express  thanks  are  as  follows :  W.  S. 
Blatchley,  C.  A.  Frost,  Dr.  E.  A.  Schwarz,  J.  J.  Davis  (Lach- 
nosterna),  ].  A.  Hyslop  (Elateridae),  and  Dr.  A.  D.  Hopkins 
(Scolytidae). 

ClCINDEI.IDAE. 

Tetracha   Carolina    Linn.     Very    scarce,    June    4-8.      Edge    of    piny 
woods,   June   4   (J.   R.   W.). 

Cicindela  scutellaris  var.  unicolor  Dej.  Common  in  and  along 
sides  of  roads. 

Cicindela  punctulata  Fab.  The  most  abundant  species  of  tiger- 
beetle  found  here.  Most  abundant  during  June. 

Cicindela  dorsalis  var.  media  Lee.  A  single  specimen,  May  6  (Bio. 
Coll.). 

Cicindela  abdominalis  Fab.  Taken  at  edge  of  piny  woods  (J.  R. 
W.),  April-June  14. 

CARABIDAE. 

Omophron  labiatum  Fab.     Beneath  arc-light.  May   7. 

Calosoma  sayi  Dej.  Found  during  August  in  velvet-bean  fields; 
predaceous  on  Anticarsia  gcmmatilis,  June  24. 

Pasimachus  strenuus  Lee.  Met  with  occasionally  beneath  old 
logs.  April  9-22. 

Pasimachus  subsulcatus  Say.     Beneath  old  logs,  April  4. 

Mono  monilicornis  Latr.  Beneath  bark  of  dead  pine  trees,  March 
1. 

Dicaelus  alternans  Dej.  A  single  specimen  beneath  log  at  Hog- 
town  Creek,  April  11. 

Galerita  janus  Fab.     Very  common  under  old  logs  the  year  round. 

Galerita  lecontei  Dej.  Same  habitat  as  above  species,  but  not  so 
abundant. 

Casnonia  pennsylvanica  Linn.  Roots  of  grass  and  at  lights,  May 
13. 

Lebia  viridis  Say.     On  Sak'ia  leaf,  May  15.     May  15-June  12. 

Callida  decora  Fab.  Adults  taken  beneath  bark  of  decayed  oak 
stumps  and  limbs,  Jan.  i6-Feb.  4.  Both  adults  and  larvae  abun- 
dant in  velvet-bean  fields  during  August  preying  upon  cater- 
pillar of  Anticarsia  gcmmatilis. 

Plochionus  amandus  Newm.  A  specimen  taken  in  caterpillar's 
nest  on  Osnianthus  amcricanum,  Aug.  13. 

Apenes  sinuata  Say.  A  specimen  taken  in  leaf-tyer's  nest 
(Lavcrna  sabcllela)  on  Phoenix  canariensis. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  2Q7 

Brachynus  stigycornis  Say.     Beneath  log,  May  1. 
Selenophorus  palliatus   Fab.     Abundant  at  lights,  June   7. 
Euphorticus  pubescens   Dej.     An  unlabelled   specimen. 

GYRINIDAE. 
Dineutes  carolinus  Lee.     Abundant  in  water  of  streams  and  sinks. 

COCCI  NELLIDAE. 

Megilla  maculata  DeG.     Not  abundant. 

Hippodamia  convergens  Guer.  A  very  abundant  species.  Espe- 
cially abundant  on  the  bull  thistle  in  April. 

Coccinella  sanguinea  Linn.  Abundant  throughout  most  of  the 
year. 

Chilocorus  bivulnerus  Muls.  Is  found  the  year  round  and  is  prob- 
ably the  most  useful  native  coccinellid  here. 

Exochomus  children!  Muls.  This  small  reddish  species  was  abun- 
dant on  oak  foliage,  April  16.  At  chinquepin  blooms,  April 
29. 

Exochomus  contristatus  Muls.  An  adult  taken  feeding  on  third- 
stage  larvae  of  the  citrus  whitefly,  Sept.  22. 

Brachyacantha  dentipes  Fab.     Taken  on  oak  foliage,  April  3-16. 

Brachyacantha  querceti  Sz.  Taken  on  buckeye  foliage  at  Hog- 
town  Creek,  March  9.  A  specimen  taken  in  buckeye  leaf- 
roller's  nest,  feeding  on  the  remains  of  the  inhabitant  which 
it  had  apparently  killed,  March  5.  (J.  R.  W.). 

Hyperaspis  proba  Say.     One  on  hickory  leaf,  April   11. 

Scymnus  fraternus  Lee.  Very  abundant  during  March  in  the 
blooms  of  Cratcgus  and  on  the  foliage  of  the  buckeye. 

Stethorus  utilis  Horn.  Both  adults  and  larvae  of  this  species 
were  very  abundant  on  camphor  foliage  feeding  on  Tetranychns 
yothcrsi  from  Nov.  i4-Jan.  The  larvae  of  this  species  are  more 
or  less  garnet  in  color.  A  larva  of  Chrysopa  oculatus  was 
observed  feeding  upon  a  fullgrown  larva. 

Delphastus  pusillus  Lee.  Adults  were  abundant  on  citrus  foliage 
feeding  on  whitefly  larvae,  Oct.  13.  A  few  of  the  dirty 
white  larvae  of  this  species  were  also  observed  feeding  ap- 
parently upon  the  eggs  of  the  whitefly  on  this  date. 

EROTYLIDAE. 
Megalodacne  heros  Say.     Several  taken  hibernating  beneath  loose 

bark  of  a  large  magnolia  log,  Jan.  25. 
Tritoma    festiva    Lee.      A    number    taken    beneath    bark    of    fallen 

oak,  Feb.  13. 
Tritoma  thoracica  Say.     One  on  ash  leaf,  April  5. 


298  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

DERMESTIDAE. 

Anthrenus  varius  Fab.  Taken  at  cherry  laurel  blooms  by  hun- 
dreds, Feb.  28-Mar.  2.  Abundant  in  blossoms  of  wild  plum, 
Mar.  16.  Numbers  in  blossoms  of  Cratcgus,  March  25. 

Cryptorhopalum  sp.  Very  abundant  in  blossoms  of  Crategus, 
March  25. 

HlSTERIDAE. 

Platysoma  carolinus  Payk.  Probably  the  most  common  species 
of  histerid.  Taken  beneath  pine  bark  of  decaying  log, 
Feb.  19. 

Paromalus  aequalis  Say.  Occurs  rather  abundantly  beneath  bark 
of  fallen  oaks,  Feb.  7-Mar.  6. 

DASCYLLIDAE. 
Ora  hyacintha   Blatch.     Two   specimens  taken   at   light,   Sept.   7. 

ELATERIDAE. 

Adelocera  marmorata  Fab.  A  rather  scarce  species.  Beneath 
bark  pulled  from  decayed  pine  and  oak  trunks,  March  1-9. 

Lacon  curtus  Lee.  Numbers  on  corn  plants,  Aug.  16.  April  16- 
Aug.  16. 

Alaus  oculatus  Linn.  Is  found  wintering  in  the  adult  stage  in 
decayed  stumps  in  plentiful  numbers. 

Alaus  myops  Fab.  Found  in  the  same  habitats  as  above  species, 
but  is  not  so  abundant. 

Monocrepidius  lividus  DeG.  Found  abundantly  on  the  foliage  of 
various  trees  and  shrubs  in  the  hammocks  and  on  corn 
plants,  March  15-Aug.  17. 

Monocrepidius  vespertinus  Fab.  Very  abundant  on  corn  plants 
and  at  lights  in  June.  Varies  greatly  in  markings. 

Elater  hepaticus  Melsh.  Six  adults  taken  in  decayed  piece  of 
wood  suspended  in  small  tree,  Jan.  28. 

Elater  rubricollis  Hbst.     An   undated   specimen    (Bio.    Coll.). 

Orthostethus  infuscatus  Germ.  This  beetle  passes  the  winter  in 
the  pupal  stage,  issuing  the  latter  part  of  April.  The  larva 
is  cylindrical,  very  highly  chitinized,  with  a  thimble-shaped 
9th  abdominal  segment.  It  is  a  typical  inhabitant  of  decay- 
ing logs,  where  it  is  found  the  year  round.  Adults  April 
20-26. 

Limonius  pubicollis  Lee.  Numbers  taken  on  buckeye,  March  5-9. 
Taken  on  low  shrub  at  Hogtown  Creek,  April  11. 

Agrypnus  sallei  Lee.     A  single  specimen,  May  1.    (Bio.  Coll.). 

Cebrio  mandibularis  Lee.  Numbers  taken  in  pouring  rain  on  pave- 
ment the  morning  of  June  8.  These  beetles  were  found  on 
their  backs,  where  they  were  struggling  to  upright  them- 
selves. It  took  them  a  long  time  to  do  this. 

(To  he  continued.) 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  299 

Dohrniphora  venusta  Coquillett  (Dipt.)  in  Sarracenia 

flava. 

By  FRANK  MORTON  JONES,  Wilmington,  Delaware. 

(Plate  XVII.) 

The   abundant  accumulated   insect   captures   of   our   larger 
North  American  pitcher-plants  offer  a  store  of  animal  food, 
advantage  of  which  is  taken  by  quite  a  list  of  insects.     Some 
of  these  are  apparently  habitual  and  necessary  associates  of 
the  plants,  while  others,  though  they  frequently  avail  them- 
selves of   this   shelter  and    food-supply,   have   other   habitual 
feeding-places.     In  the  late  summer  the  pitchers  of  Sarracenia 
flava  no  longer  actively  capture  insects  ;  the  accumulated  insect 
remains  found  in  them  at  this  season  are  more  or  less  dry  and 
fragmentary,  and  probably  no  special  equipment  of  habit  or 
structure  is  required  by  insects  discovering  this  food-supply  to 
evade  capture  by  the  leaf-trap.    Among  several  species  present 
in  the  pitchers  at  this  time  is  the  larva  of  a  Phorid  ;  from  two 
or  three  to  a  dozen  or  more  of  these  larvae  may  occupy  a 
single  pitcher  ;  the  puparia,  too,  are  found  among  the  insect 
remains,  and  the  emerging  flies  mate  and  oviposit  in  captivity, 
so  that  a  tumbler  of  dead  grasshoppers  is  all  the  equipment 
necessary  to  obtain  them  in  all  stages.     Professor  C.  T.  Brues 
has  kindly  identified  this  fly  as  Dohrniphora  venusia  Coquillett, 
a  widely  distributed  species  occurring  in  both  North  and  South 
America.      Coquillett's    description    (Canadian    Entomologist, 
XXVII,  p.  107,  1895),  purporting  to  be  that  of  the  female,  is 
in  reality  that  of  the  male   (see  Malloch,  Proc.  U.   S.   Nat. 
Mus.,  XLIII,  p.  432,  1912)  ;  di-raricata  Aldrich  has  also  been 
referred  to  this  species.     In  view  of  the  apparent  dearth  of 
knowledge  of  the  life-histories  of  the  Phoridae,  the  following 
descriptions  of  the  egg,  larva,  puparium,  and  of  both  sexes 
of  the  imago  as  obtained  from  Sarracenia  flara  are  here  pre- 
sented. 


H<7<7.  —  Elongated  ova!,  not  quite  symmetrical  :  white,  pearly,  slightly 
polished,  minutely  but  not  closely  punctate,  surface  dry,  non-adherent; 
size,  .27x.6.5  mm.;  scattered  singly  by  the?  ;  in  this  stage  (at  70  deg. 
Fahr.)  three  days. 


300  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

Larva,  last  stage. — Length  4  mm. ;  dorsally  flattened ;  brownish- 
white,  unpolished,  the  texture  roughened  with  fine  sparse  hairs  which 
are  short  and  microscopic  except  on  the  larger  pointed  processes  ;  on 
each  side  the  segments  bear  fleshy  pointed  processes,  progressively 
larger  posteriorly ;  dorsal  area  above  these  processes  bears  four  evenly- 
spaced  rows  of  lower  smaller  protuberances;  the  ventral  surface  bears 
six  rows,  still  smaller,  those  of  the  outer  row  on  each  side  papillate, 
of  the  inner  rows  low  and  inconspicuous ;  the  posterior  spiracles  are 
in  contact  medially,  ferruginous,  in  shape  resembling  short  stout 
flasks,  somewhat  flattened  ;  the  head  segment  at  its  base  on  each  side 
bears  a  single  protuberance  which  consists  of  a  stout  bristly  basal 
portion  surmounted  by  a  smoothly-rounded  knob;  the  antennae  (?)  are 
minute,  fleshy,  apparently  2-jointed,  and  without  setae;  the  head  con- 
tains two  chitinized  parts  or  organs,  the  largest  of  which,  a  thin  flat 
plate,  brown  in  color,  its  margin  rounded  and  entire  and  with  two 
minute  perforations  near  its  anterior  edge,  is  of  almost  equal  area  to 
the  entire  segment ;  beneath  this  is  the  cephalopharyngeal  skeleton, 
which  has  one  great  hook  with  a  low  tooth  on  its  under  surface,  and 
two  prominent  backward-pointing  barbs  above ;  when  the  skeleton  is 
mounted  on  a  slide,  the  slight  pressure  of  the  cover-glass  causes  these 
barbs  and  a  pointed  attachment  in  front  of  them  to  separate  from  the 
hook,  and  they  are  probably  segmented  to  it ;  on  the  ventral  surface  of 
the  succeeding  segment  is  an  8-toothed  labial  (?)  plate;  this,  with 
the  cephalopharyngeal  skeleton,  seems  to  constitute  the  only  chitinized 
mouth-parts.  The  larvae  are  usually  so  smeared  and  discolored  with 
their  moist  and  putrid  food,  which  clogs  and  clings  to  their  roughened 
surface,  that  their  real  structure  is  hidden  ;  about  sixteen  days  are  spent 
in  the  larval  stages. 

Puparium. — Not  greatly  different  in  size  and  shape  from  the  larva ; 
in  color,  dull  mahogany  brown ;  the  pointed  processes  of  the  larva, 
except  the  lateral  row,  almost  obsolete ;  on  the  third  day  after  the 
hardening  of  the  larval  skin  and  its  change  of  color,  two  remarkable 
flat  wand-like  structures,  their  edges  fringed  with  rigid  cleft  filaments, 
are  pushed  upward  from  the  dorsal  surface  of  the  fourth  segment, 
their  points  divergent,  and  become  fixed  in  this  position ;  the  larva 
seems  to  possess  no  such  extrusible  organs,  though  two  darkened  areas 
on  the  second  segment  may  indicate  their  location ;  these  wand-like 
appendages  of  the  puparium,  whatever  their  office,  apparently  corre- 
spond to  the  thorn-like  processes  possessed  by  the  puparia  of  some 
other  species  of  the  Phoridae.  About  sixteen  days  are  passed  in  the 
pupal  stage  (at  approximately  70  deg.  Fahr.),  though  at  summer 
temperature  the  transformations  probably  occupy  less  time  than  is 
indicated  by  these  records  from  breedings  indoors  and  under  unnatural 
conditions. 

Imago     $  . — Length    2-3    mm.      Head    black,    almost    opaque ;    front 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  3OI 

with  the  usual  fourteen  bristles;  three  strong  bristles  below  the  eye 
on  each  side;  paloi  yellow,  sparsely  black-haired  beneath,  terminally 
with  three  upwardly  directed  and  two  downwardly  directed  bristles; 
antennae  very  finely  pale  pubescent,  dark  smoky  brown  above,  below 
slightly  paler,  more  yellowish;  arista  plumose,  black  or  nearly  black; 
proboscis  (in  dried  examples)  reddish-amber,  not  projecting  beyond 
or  below  the  palpi ;  oral  margin  shining  brown ;  no  conspicuous 
ocellar  elevations  or  sutures;  eyes  finely  pubescent. 

Dorsum  of  thorax  dark  brownish-black,  subshining  and  thickly  set 
with  short  stiff  backwardly  directed  black  hairs;  a  strong  upwardly 
directed  bristle  below  the  anterior  spiracle ;  a  supraalar  row  of  four 
bristles,  the  first  and  last  the  stronger;  four  prescutellar  bristles, 
the  inner  (dorsocentral)  pair  usually  the  weaker;  scutellum  naked, 
opaque,  black,  with  two  strong  marginal  bristles  and  a  barely  distin- 
guishable outer  pair;  halteres  pale  dull  yellowish-brown. 

Legs,  with  their  coxae  and  most  of  the  pleurae,  yellow ;  fore 
tibiae  always  with  four,  often  with  five,  and  sometimes  with  six 
rather  weak  setae  spaced  along  the  outside ;  middle  tibiae  spurred,  and 
with  a  pair  of  strong  setae  below  the  knee,  one  comparatively  weak 
subapical  seta,  and  on  the  apical  half  a  series  of  oblique  rows  of 
short,  even,  appressed  hairs,  from  which  area  also  spring  stronger  hairs  ; 
hind  tibiae  spurred  but  without  other  setae,  though  the  hairs  are  longer 
and  stronger  along  the  outer  edge;  metatarsi  of  all  legs  with  rows  of 
short  even  hairs  on  the  inside,  this  structure  best  marked  on  the 
posterior  metatarsi,  each  of  which  bears  about  twelve  such  rows ; 
pulvilli  present  but  weak. 

Wings  almost  hyaline ;  veins  dark  brown,  the  heavy  veins  nearly 
black;  base  of  wing  bristly  and  with  three  long  plumose  bristles  on 
lower  edge;  bristles  edging  the  costa  stiff,  and  as  long  as  the  width 
of  the  thickened  costal  vein,  which  extends  slightly  beyond  the 
middle  of  the  wing;  a  single  short  bristle  at  the  origin  of  the  heavy 
portion  of  the  third  vein,  which  is  distinctly  forked;  first  longi- 
tudinal vein  reaches  the  costa  about  three-fourths  the  distance  from 
the  humeral  vein  to  the  end  of  the  thickened  costa;  mediastinal  vein 
faintly  marked  ;  fourth  vein  up-curved,  reaching  margin  about  equally 
distant  from  tip  of  wing  as  the  fifth  ;  seventh  vein  weak,  but  readily 
distinguishable. 

Dorsum  of  abdomen  principally  velvety  black ;  the  basal  segment 
yellow,  more  or  less  black-margined  posteriorly ;  the  next  segment 
anteriorly  yellow,  posteriorly  black,  with  an  angular  backward  projec- 
tion of  the  yellow  area  on  the  median  line;  the  three  succeeding 
segments  black,  each  with  a  small  yellow  triangular  marking  on  the 
anterior  edge  medially ;  sixth  segment  broadly  yellow  anteriorly,  pos- 
teriorly black;  abdomen  beneath,  pale;  hypopygium  in  fresh  examples 
usually  extruded,  sometimes  folded  back  beneath  the  abdomen ;  the 


3O2  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

clasp-shaped  organs  are  dark  brown,  the  projecting  finger-like  organ 
(which  in  dried  examples  may  be  the  only  portion  visible)  yellow  or 
pale  amber,  with  fine  black  hairs  ;  this  organ  often  bears  a  solidified 
globule  (indicated  by  dotted  line  in  figure)  of  about  the  same  color 
and  texture,  which  might  easily  be  mistaken  for  a  portion  of  the 
insect. 

9. — The  larger  examples  (dried)  slightly  exceed  3  mm.  in  length; 
colors  of  head  and  thorax,  and  chaetotaxy,  practically  identical  with 
those  of  the  $  ;  the  proboscis,  in  living  or  freshly  killed  material,  is 
almost  twice  as  long  as  that  of  the  $ ,  is  horny,  and  is  usually  held 
vertically  as  shown  in  the  figure ;  in  dry  examples  it  is  drawn  up 
obliquely  or  horizontally  between  the  palpi,  but  exceeds  them  in  length 
by  fully  its  own  width;  in  this  sex  the  second  joint  of  the  antenna 
is  usually  visible  and  is  yellowish-brown;  the  abdomen  of  the  $  is 
more  dilated  and  less  strongly  chitinized  than  that  of  the  $ ,  the 
longitudinal  striations  (indicated  in  the  figure)  are  more  marked,  and 
the  velvety  black  and  yellow  of  the  male  are  replaced  by  dull  smoky 
brown;  terminal  joint  of  the  hypopygium  pale  amber,  usually  drying  to 
dark  brown. 

Described  and  illustrated  from  numerous  eggs,  larvae,  and 
puparia,  and  from  nine  male  and  six  female  flies,  bred  from 
dead  insects  contained  in  the  pitchers  of  Sarracenia  ftava,  Sum- 
merville,  South  Carolina. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XVII. 
Dohrniphora  venusta  Coquillett,  female. 
Front  of  same,  showing  arrangement  of  setae. 
Egg. 

Terminal  segments  male  abdomen. 
Larva. 
Puparium. 

Head  segment  of  larva,  further  enlarged  (from  slide  mount). 
Cephalopharyngeal  skeleton,  same  enlargement  as  preceding. 
Labial  plate,  same  enlargement  as  preceding. 


The  Rev.  O.  Pickard-Cambridge  and  His  Collection  of  Arachnida. 

According  to  the  Entomologist's  Monthly  Magazine  for  August,  1918, 
a  "Memoir  of  the  Rev.  Octavius  Pickard-Cambridge"  by  his  son,  A. 
W.  Pickard-Cambridge  (Oxford  printed  for  private  circulation,  1918) 
has  appeared,  giving  a  biographical  sketch  and  a  "very  complete 
bibliography  of  the  scientific  papers"  of  its  subject.  The  "great 
series  of  Arachnida,  with  its  numberless  'types'  brought  together 
during  his  long  life  and  the  extensive  library  of  works  relating  to 
the  class  have  found  a  final  resting  place  in  the  Oxford  University 
Museum  and  are  now  available  to  all  students  of  the  subject" 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  XXIX. 


Plate  XVII. 


DOHRNIPHORA    VENUSTA-JONES. 


Vol.  XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  303 

New  Inter-Tidal  Rock-Dwelling  Coleoptera  from 

California. 
By  EDWIN  C.  VAN  DYKE,  Berkeley,  California. 

Here  and  there  along  our  Pacific  Coast  are  to  be  found 
certain  rocks  which  are  so  situated  that  they  are  submerged 
by  the  high  tides.  These  harbor  many  types  of  true  sea  ani- 
mals, but  in  their  crevices,  often  such  articulates  as  mites, 
chilopods,  pseudo-scorpions,  Thysanura  and  Coleoptera.  It 
is  a  most  interesting  fauna  and  one  to  which  I  have  given 
some  little  time,  during  recent  years.  As  a  result,  I  have 
secured,  among  other  things,  three  new  species  of  Coleoptera. 
The  descriptions  of  these  are  now  presented. 

CARABIDAE. 

THALASSOTRECHUS   n.   gen. 

Body  somewhat  elongate,  flattened,  and  moderately  robust. 
The  head  large,  not  constricted  behind  the  eyes,  with  shallow 
frontal  grooves,  and  two  supraorbital  setae.  The  antennae 
moderately  stout,  arising  under  a  feeble  frontal  ridge,  the 
third  joint  slightly  longer  than  the  second,  the  first  and  second 
glabrous,  the  second  and  third  shining  and  with  few  hairs,  the 
following  quite  hairy,  subopaque,  and  gradually  increasing  in 
width  towards  apex.  Eyes  moderate  in  size  and  well  removed 
beneath  from  the  mouth.  Clypeus  moderately  prolonged  and 
with  a  setigerous  puncture  each  side.  Labrum  short,  broadly 
emarginate,  plurisetose  in  front.  Mandibles  prominent,  prog- 
nathous, feebly  arcuate,  acute  at  tip,  and  with  a  small  setiger- 
ous puncture  at  apex  of  scrobe.  Maxillae  slender,  acute  at 
t'p.  ciliate  with  a  few  stiff  hairs  on  inner  side,  the  outer  lobe 
biarticulate,  palpi  of  moderate  length,  the  terminal  joint  gradu- 
ally tapering,  not  subulate,  slightly  longer  than  preceding,  and 
fiiu-ly  truncate  at  tip,  the  penultimate  not  hairy.  Submentum 
broad,  its  basal  suture  distinct,  deeply  emarginate  and  with 
a  broad  bifid  tooth  at  middle,  the  epilobes  dentiform,  ligula 
moderately  prominent,  truncate  and  bisetose  at  apex,  the  para- 
glossae  slender  and  very  little  longer  than  the  ligula  and  not 
ciliate  within,  the  palpi  of  moderate  size,  the  last  joint  fusi- 


304  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct., 'l8 

form,  finely  truncate  at  tip,  not  subulate,  and  longer  than  the 
preceding  joint. 

Prothorax  with  side  margin  narrow  and  a  seta  at  the  sides 
near  the  front  and  at  hind  angles.  Body  not  pedunculate, 
scutellum  distinct.  Elytra  elliptical,  not  margined  at  base, 
sides  narrowly  inflexed,  margin  posteriorly  entire  and  without 
internal  plica,  disc  without  distinct  striae,  but  with  five  or  six 
well-marked  dorsal  punctures.  Prosternum  not  prolonged  at 
tip.  Mesosternum  declivous  in  front  and  sulcate,  moderately 
separating  the  coxae,  the  epimera  narrow.  Metasternum  short, 
the  epimera  distinct,  the  posterior  coxae  narrowly  separated. 
Legs  moderate  in  length,  the  tibiae  not  spinulose  externally,  the 
anterior  deeply  emarginate  within,  the  inner  spur  almost  at 
middle.  Tarsi  slender,  claws  simple.  The  anterior  tarsi  of 
the  males  with  two  joints  dilated  and  squamulose  beneath. 
Type  of  genus,  Trechus  barbarae  Horn.1 

This  genus  undoubtedly  belongs  in  the  tribe  Pogonini,  though 
it  differs  from  all  genera  included  within  that  tribe  by  Horn2, 
by  having  the  posterior  coxae  separated.  Of  the  two 
groups  composing  that  tribe,  it  superficially  resembles  most 
the  Trechi,  especially  the  typical  genus  Trechus,  within  which 
the  type  species  was  placed  by  its  describer.  It  is,  however, 
structurally  much  more  closely  related  to  the  genus  Pogonus  of 
the  group  Pogoni,  especially  as  regards  its  mouth  parts.  Its 
habits  also  more  closely  simulate  those  of  Pogonus. 

Thalassotrechus  nigripennis  n.   sp. 

Elongate,  subdepressed,  moderately  shining,  rufotestaceous,  abdomen 
and  outer  joints  of  antennae  somewhat  piceous,  elytra  black  excepting 
narrow  marginal  bead  and  epipleurae. 

Antennae  moderately  stout,  the  ninth  joint  reaching  the  elytra,  the 
outer  joints  gradually  broader.  Head  finely  alutaceous,  impunctate, 
frontal  depressions  vague,  eyes  moderately  prominent,  mandibles  promi- 
nent and  correct. 

1  "Random  Studies  in  North  American  Coleoptera,"  by  George  H. 
Horn,  M.  D.,  Trans.  Am.  Soc.,  Vol.  XIX  (1892),  p.  4. 

2"On  the  Genera  of  Carabidae  with  special  reference  to  the  fauna  of 
Boreal  America,"  by  George  H.  Horn,  M.D.,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc., 
Vol.  IX  (1881-2),  p.  135. 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  305 

Prothorax  as  long  as  head  excluding  mandibles,  somewhat  broader 
than  long,  base  two-thirds  width  of  apex,  sides  arcuate  in  front  and 
almost  straight  behind,  hind  angles  obtuse,  lateral  margin  very  narrow 
and  not  wider  at  base,  apex  truncate,  disc  smooth,  with  a  fine  longi- 
tudinal median  line,  the  transverse  lines  and  basal  impression  but 
vaguely  indicated. 

Elytra  regularly  oblong  oval,  almost  one-third  longer  than  head  and 
prothorax  together,  humeri  obtusely  rounded,  disc  smooth,  with  but  the 
vaguest  traces  of  striae,  six  dorsal  punctures.  Body  beneath  smooth 
and  shining.  Length  5.5  mm.,  breadth  1.75  mm. 

Type  male  and  female  in  my  own  collection,  collected  at 
Moss   Beach,   San   Mateo   County,   California,   July   7,    1912 
Paratypcs  to  be  deposited  in  the  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum, Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  and  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Sciences.    Over  a  hundred  specimens  seen. 

This  beetle  has  been  captured  in  the  crevices  of  those  rocks 
situated  just  below  the  high  tide  mark,  at  the  mouth  of 
Tomales  Bay,  Marin  County,  California,  as  well  as  at  the 
type  locality,  and  one  specimen  from  Carmel,  Monterey  Coun- 
ty, California,  in  the  collection  of  Mr.  L.  S.  Slevin,  has  been 
seen.  It  differs  from  T.  barbarae  Horn,  a  good  figure  of  which 
has  been  given  by  Schaeffer3,  by  being  larger,  by  having 
the  prothorax  proportionately  broader,  especially  in  front,  and 
by  the  color.  The  two  species  of  this  genus  are  not  unique 
among  the  Carabidae  in  living  in  the  inter-tidal  area,  for  we 
have  several  closely  related  genera,  such  as  Aepus  with  its 
three  species,  A.  marinus  Strom,  and  A.  robinii  Lab.  from  the 
south  coast  of  England  and  west  coast  of  Europe  and  A.  gra- 
cilicornis  Woll.  from  the  island  of  Madeira;  Thalassophilns 
longicornis  Schaum,  a  species  which,  though  normally  a 
streamside  beetle,  is  sometimes  found  on  the  seacoast  of  Eu- 
rope and  Madeira ;  Thalassobius  tcstaccus  Gay,  a  species  from 
the  seacoast  of  Chili ;  and  Ilaphanus  stcphensi  MacLeay,  from 
Port  Dennison,  Australia,  which  is  supposed  to  have  similar 
habits,  as  it  was  found  "under  stones  in  black  moist  soil  close 

3"Synopsis  of  the  Species  of  Trechus,  with  the  Description  of  a  New 

Species,"  by  Charles  Schaeffer,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Vol.  XI V 
(1901),  pi.  XXVIII,  fig.  6. 


306  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

to  the  sea  beach."  Besides  these,  we  also  have  certain  of  the 
Bembidii  and  some  Pogonus  which  are  normally  submerged 
at  times. 

HYDROPHILIDAE. 
Ochthebius  lapidicolus  n.  sp. 

Elongate,  subdepressed,  dull  black  with  but  the  faintest  tinge  of 
bronzing,  legs  piceous.  Head  triangular,  truncate  in  front,  broader 
across  the  eyes  than  apex  of  thorax,  front  with  two  deep  foveae. 
labrum  with  front  margin  broadly  and  shallowly  emarginate. 

Prothorax  about  one-fourth  broader  than  long,  apex  barely  emargin- 
ate, base  narrower  than  apex  and  truncate,  sides  straight  and  strongly 
divergent  from  apex  to  prominent  median  angulation,  then  slightly 
sinuate  and  convergent  to  base,  not  serrate,  lateral  margin  narrow  in 
front,  broader  behind,  and  continued  around  on  to  both  base  and  apex, 
not  translucent,  hind  angles  rounded,  disc  but  slightly  convex,  with 
shallow  median  longitudinal  and  accompanying  sinuous  lines  but  with 
deep  sulci  at  sides,  the  more  elevated  portions  sparsely  punctured  and 
with  minute  white  hairs  in  each  puncture. 

Elytra  elliptical,  almost  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  head  and 
prothorax  together,  with  a  narrow  margin  running  from  base  to  near 
apex  and  without  serration,  disc  faintly  striate,  the  striae  punctured 
with  large,  elongate,  shallow,  and  rather  distantly  placed  punctures, 
faint  apically  but  more  evident  basally  and  at  sides,  each  puncture 
containing  a  minute  white  hair.  Beneath  finely  and  sparsely  punctured 
and  pubescent.  Length  1.5  mm.,  breadth  0.5  mm. 

Type  and  paratype  in  my  own  collection,  collected  from  the 
crevices  of  the  inter-tidal  rocks  at  Moss  Beach,  San  Mateo 
County,  California,  May  ist,  1910.  Paratypes  to  be  deposited 
in  the  United  States  National  Museum,  The  Academy  of  Nat- 
ural Sciences  of  Philadelphia  and  California  Academy  of 
Sciences.  Over  fifty  specimens  examined. 

This  beetle,  because  of  its  elongated,  depressed,  subopaque, 
and  but  slightly  sculptured  surface,  could  not  be  confused 
with  any  others  of  the  genus  that  have  so  far  been  described 
from  this  country.  Its  only  close  relatives  are  0.  Icjoslisl 
Muls.  et  Rey  and  its  variety  0.  subintcger  Muls.  et  Rey  from 
the  south  coast  of  England  and  the  west  coast  of  Europe 
and  O.  adriaticus  Ritt.  from  the  coast  of  Dalmatia,  which  con- 
stitute the  subgenus  Prionocthebius  Kunert  and,  like  it,  are 
true  inter-tidal  species.  The  first  two,  which  I  have  seen 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  307 

through  the  courtesy  of  Mr.  H.  G.  Champion,  and  his  father, 
G.  C.  Champion,  differ  from  it  by  being  generally  larger,  2  mm. 
or  over  in  length,  evidently  shining  and  submetallic,  with  pro- 
thorax  but  little  narrower  in  front,  the  elytra  with  finely  punc- 
tate striae,  and  by  having  the  margins  of  both  prothorax  and 
elytra  finely  serrate. 

EURYSTETHIDAE    ( AEGIALITIDAE)  . 

Key  for  the  Determination   of   the  Species   of   the  genus  Eurystethes 

Seidl.     (Aegialites  Mann.). 
Elytra  evidently  striate. 

Head  and  thorax  not  shining  and  with  but  few  and  inconspicuous 
punctures. 

Elytra  deeply  striate  and  without  distinct  punctures. 
Head  and  thorax  alutaceous,  elytra  shining,  eyes  not  promi- 
nent, longitudinal  thoracic  line  well  defined.     Length  3-4 
mm.     (Aleutian  Is.,  S.  E.  Alaska.  Queen  Charlotte  Is.) 

californicus   Mann. 

Elytra  shallowy  striate  and  with  small  but  distinct  punctures. 
Head  and  thorax  coriaceous,  elytra  rugose,  eyes  very  promi- 
nent,  longitudinal   thoracic    line    prominent.      Length   3-3.8 
mm.     (Robben  Is.  off  coast  of  Sakhalin  Is.) 

stejnegeri  Linell. 

Head,  thorax,  and  elytra  shining  and  with  numerous  well  defined 
punctures,  eyes  quite  prominent,  thoracic  line  rarely  evident. 
Length  2-2.5  mm.  (Mendocino  Co.  and  The  Farallone  Is.,  Cal.) 

fitchsii  Horn. 

4The  family  and  generic  names  as  here  used  are  in  accordance  with 
the  latest  rulings  on  nomenclature.  In  1845,  Col.  Motschulsky  de- 
scribed Elosoma  persica  and  £.  (?)  californica,  in  the  Bull.  Soc.  Imp. 
Nat.  Mosc.  Vol.  18,  p.  33.  In  1853,  Count  von  Mannerheim  described 
Aegialites  debilis  in  the  Bull.  Mosc.  Vol.  26,  p.  180.  This  last  was  later 
found  to  be  the  same  as  B.  ?  californica  Mots,  and  so  had  to  be  reduced 
to  synonymy  but  because  of  the  belief  that  persica  and  colifornica  were 
not  congeneric,  the  generic  name  of  Aegialites  was  allowed  to  stand 
for  californicus.  Later  rulings  on  nomenclature  however  made  this 
invalid  seeing  that  it  had  been  previously  employed  to  designate  a  genus 
of  birds,  so  to  remedy  the  defect.  Seidlitz  in  the  Deutsch.  Ent.  Zeit. 
for  !Qi6,  p.  127,  proposed  the  name  Eurystethes  for  the  genus  and 
Eurystethidae  for  the  family.  Therefore  if  we  believe  with  him  that 
persica  and  californica  are  not  of  the  same  genus  and  family,  which  I 
most  decidedly  do,  we  have  no  alternative  but  to  accept  the  names 
proposed  by  Seidlitz. 


308  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  *l8 

Elytra  without  striae.  Eyes  very  prominent,  head,  thorax,  and  elytra, 
alutaceous  and  subopaque,  with  punctures  hardly  evident,  longitu- 
dinal thoracic  line  well  denned.  Length  2-2.5  rnrn-  (Marin  and  San 
Mateo  Cos.,  Cal.)  subopacus  n.  sp. 

Eurystethes  (Aegialites)  subopacus  n.  sp. 

Oblong,  dull  greenish  blue  above,  alutaceous,  subopaque  legs  and 
under  surface  rufo-piceous,  the  femora  somewhat  greenish.  Head 
flattened,  minutely  and  sparsely  punctate,  with  a  short  longitudinal 
frontal  impression  and  a  broad  shallow  one  to  the  inner  side  of  each 
eye;  eyes  small,  coarsely  granulate,  and  prominent;  antennae  just  reach- 
ing posterior  margin  of  thorax,  somewhat  club-like,  the  tenth  joint 
transverse. 

Thorax  slightly  broader  than  long,  somewhat  narrower  at  apex  than 
at  base,  widest  in  front  of  middle,  sides  distinctly  arcuate,  disc  slightly 
convex,  with  broad  shallow  median  impression  running  from  apex  to 
near  base,  secondary  impressions  on  either  side  just  anterior  to  midflle, 
and  with  a  few  widely  scattered  and  barely  perceptible  punctures. 

Elytra  oval,  truncate  at  apex,  wider  behind,  without  distinct  striae 
and  distinct  punctures,  and  with  four  shallow  transverse  impressions 
giving  them  a  wrinkled   appearance.     Pygidium   exposed.     Underside 
sparsely  and  finely  punctured.     Length    $    2  mm.,  breadth   i   mm.,    $ 
length  2.25  mm. 

Type  $  and  $  in  my  own  collection,  taken  at  Moss  Beach, 
San  Mateo  County,  California,  July  7th,  1912,  from  the  crev- 
ices of  the  inter-tidal  rocks.  A  third  specimen  was  secured 
later  on  at  the  same  locality  and  a  fourth  from  near  the  mouth 
of  Tomales  Bay,  Marin  County,  California. 

This  very  distinct  species,  because  of  its  subopaqueness  and 
lack  of  elytral  striation,  could  not  be  confused  with  any  of 
the  known  species.  As  indicated  in  the  key,  its  very  prominent 
eyes,  short  body,  and  non-shining  appearance,  would  suggest  a 
certain  relationship  to  E.  stejncgeri  Linell,4  a  species  from 
the  opposite  side  of  the  ocean.  The  only  other  beetle  which 
has  been  associated  with  those  mentioned  in  the  table  is  E. 
persica  Mots.,5  a  species  undoubtedly  not  congeneric  with 
them. 

Mr.  E.  A.  Schwarz  and  H.  S.  Barber,  of  Washington,  have 
materially  aided  me  in  this  paper  by  suggesting  and  looking 
up  references  for  me. 

*Canad.  Entom.  XXX    (1808),  p.  74. 

sBull.  Mosc.  XVIII  (1845),  p.  33. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  309 

Additions  to  Insects  of  New  Jersey,  No.  6. 
By  HARRY  B.  WEISS,  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey. 

According  to  Mr.  A.  M.  Nadler,  the  following  changes  and 
corrections  should  be  made  in  the  Corrodcntia  of  the  1909  list : 
Pterodclla  pedicularis  should  be  P.  pedicularia  Linn.,  Am- 
phientomum  hagcni  should  be  Echmepteryx  hageni  Pack.,  My- 
opsocus  In  gens  should  be  Lichenomima  lugens  Hagen  and  M. 
sparsus  should  be  L.  sparsa  Hagen. 

I  am  greatly  indebted  to  Mr.  C.  W.  Leng,  Mr.  Harold 
Morrison,  Mr.  H.  S.  Barber,  Mr.  A.  B.  Gahan  and  Mr.  A.  A. 
Girault  for  identifications  in  their  respective  fields  and  to  Mr. 
E.  L.  Dickerson,  Mr.  C.  E.  Olsen,  Mr.  A.  M.  Nadler,  Messrs. 
Bischoff  and  Knitter  and  others  for  their  kindness  in  notifying 
me  of  their  findings. 

Order  CORRODENTIA. 
Echmepteryx  hageni  Pack.     Tenafly,  numerous  on  bark  of  trees, 

coming  out  during  and  after  a  rain  (A.   M.  Nadler). 
Pterodela  pedicularia  Linn.     Bergenfield,  Sept.  (A.  M.  Nadler). 
Psocus  leidyi  Aaron.     Tenafly,  Sept.,  dead  on  log  without  bark  (A. 

M.  Nadler). 
Cerastipsocus  venosus  Burm.     Tenafly  (A.  M.  Nadler). 

Order  HOMOPTERA. 

Cerataphis  lataniae.     On  palms  in   greenhouses. 
Macrosiphum  illinoisensis  Shim.     New  Jersey,  on  wild  grape  (Jour. 

Agric.  Res.  vol.  XI,  p.  83). 

Dialeurodes  citri  R.  &  H.  Riverton,  in  greenhouse  on  Gardenia. 
Aclerda  tokionis  Ckll.     Riverton,  May  15,  on  bamboo.     Introduced 

from  Japan  (H.  B.  Weiss). 
Acutalis  tartarea,   var.    semicrema   Say.      Chester,   Aug.    12    (E.    L. 

Dickerson). 
Dictyophara  dioxys  Walk.    New  Jersey  (Bull.  Brook.  Ent.  Soc.  vol. 

XII,   p.    70). 

Catonia  cinctifrons  Fitch.     W.   Norwood,  Aug.   28    (E.   L.   Dicker- 
son). 

Cixius  misellus  VanD.     Chester,  Aug.   12   (E.   L.   Dickerson). 
Oecleus  borealis  VanD.     Egg  Harbor,  May  16  (E.  L.  Dickerson). 
Lamenia  obscura  Ball.     Lakehurst,  July  7   (E.  L.  Dickerson). 
Draeculacephala  noveboracensis  Fitch.     Great  Piece  Meadow,  Aug. 

5,  Ramsey  (Bull.  Am,  Mus.  Nat.  Mist.,  vol.  XXXVIII,  art.  I, 

p.  6). 


3IO  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Octv  'l8 

Draeculacephala  inscripta  VanD.     Ft.   Lee   district,  July   13    (Coll. 

Am.   Mus.  Nat.   Hist.). 
Draeculacephala    angulifera   Wlk.      Little    Ferry,    Aug.    28    (F.    M. 

Schott) ;  Hornerstown,  Aug.  18;  Gt.  Piece  Meadow,  Aug.  6; 

Little   Ferry,  Aug.   15;    Bear   Swamp   near   Ramsey,  July   10 

(F.  E.  Lutz). 

Pagaronia  tripunctata  Fh.     Nutley,  Aug.  (E.  L.  Dickerson). 
Idiocerus  scurra  Germ.     Irvington,  New  Brunswick,  Bound  Brook, 

Trenton,  July,  Aug.,   Sept.,   two   broods.     Breeds   on   poplar 

(Dickerson   &   Weiss). 

Agallia  immaculata  Lath.     Lahaway,  May  30   (C.  E.   Olsen). 
Macropsis  virescens  Fabr.  var.  graminea  Fabr.     Irvington,  Plain- 
field,   Bound   Brook,  Ridgefield,  July,   on   poplar    (Dickerson 

&  Weiss). 

Oncopsis  distinctus  VanD.     Ft.  Lee,  Aug.  (E.  L.  Dickerson). 
Eutettix  seminudus  Say.    Springfield,  Sept.  9  (E.  L.  Dickerson). 
Scaphoideus  carinatus  Osb.     Norwood,  Aug.  28  (E.  L.  Dickerson). 
Empoasca  trifasciata  Gil.     Trenton,   Aug.   20;    Irvington,   July   31; 

Ridgefield.     Breeds  in  poplar  (Dickerson  &  Weiss). 

Order  HEMIPTERA. 
Corythucha    spinulosa    Gibson.      Jamesburg,    July    (Dickerson    & 

Weiss).      Rutherford,   Wyckoff    (E.    L.    Dickerson),   on   wild 

cherry. 
Corythucha  crataegi  Morr.     Oak  Ridge  (Weiss)  ;  Hackensack,  Aug. 

(Dickerson),    on    hawthorn. 
Corythucha  parshleyi  Gibson.     Hammonton  (Dickerson  &  Weiss), 

on  walnut. 

Hesperotingis  antennata  Parsh.     Lakehurst,  June  27    (H.   G    Bar- 
ber)   (Psyche  vol.  XXIV,  p.  21). 
Leptostyla  heidemanni   O.    &   D.      Delaware,   Aug.   25;    Lakehurst, 

July  19  (E.  L.  Dickerson).     This  should  replace  L.  nblonga  Say 

of   1909  list. 
Cyrtorrhinus  caricis  Fallen.     Lakehurst,   Sept.  30    (H.  G.   Barber) 

(Canad.  Ent.  vol.  49,  p.  250). 
Lopidea  reuteri   Knight.     Hewitt,    Newfoundland,    July      (W.     T. 

Davis)   (Ent.  News  vol.  28,  p.  459). 
Lopidea   heidemanni    Knight.      Westfield,    June    4    (W.    T.    Davis) 

(Ent.   News  vol.  28,  p.  456). 
Lygus  olivaceus  Reuter.     Manasquan,  Sept.  13  (W.  T.  Davis)  (Rulf. 

391,  Cornell  Univ.  Ag.  Exp.  Sta.). 
Lygus  canadensis  var.  binotatus  Knight.     Havith,  June  18   (W.  T. 

Davis)   (Bull.  391,  Cor.  Univ.  Ag.  Exp.  Sta.). 
Lygus  plagiatus  Uhler.     Madison,  Aug.  29  (W.  T.  Davis)  (  Bull.  391, 

Cor.  Univ.  Ag.  Exp.  Sta.). 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  311 

Order  COLEOPTERA. 
Hydroporus  dilatatus  Fall.  var.  suffusus  Fall.    Eatontown,  July  4,  in 

running   brooks    (Sherman)    (Jour.   N.   Y.    Ent.   Soc.   vol.   25, 

p.   175). 
Popilia  japonica    Newm.      Riverton,   July,   Aug.,   on   grape,   cherry, 

rose,  smartweed  and  various  other  weeds.     Introduced  from 

Japan    (Dickerson  &  Weiss). 

Chaetocnema  quadricollis  Schwarz.     Arlington,  Rutherford,  on  hi- 
biscus (Dickerson  &  Weiss). 
Phyllotreta   (Haltica)   armoraciae   Koch.     Chester   (H.   O.   Marsh) 

(Bull.  535,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.).     The  horse-radish  flea  beetle. 
Pachyphanes  discoideus  Lee.     Sterling,  July,  on  sneezeweed  (Bis- 

choff). 
Anthonomus  subguttatus  Dietz.     New  Jersey,  July    (Rhyn.   N.   E. 

Amer.). 
Pseudoanthonomus   hamamelidis    Pierce.      Ramsey,   Sept.   15    (Bis- 

choff). 
Auleutes  cruralis  Lee.     Newark,  Aug.   12;   Sterling,  Aug.   11    (Bis- 

choff.  Knitter). 
Ceutorhynchus    zimmermanni    Gyll.      Newark,    June    24    (Bischoff, 

Knitter). 

Ceutorhynchus  semirufus  Lee.    Newark,  June  5,  on  dandelion  (Bis- 
choff, Knitter). 
Pelenomus  griseus  Blatch.     Newark,  June  24,  in  swamp  (Bischoff, 

Knitter). 
Baris  interstitialis  Say.     Anglesea  (Rhyn.  N.  E.  Amer.).     Appears 

in   1909  list  as  Baris  transrersa  Say. 

Limnobaris  grisea  Lee.     New  Jersey  (Rhyn.  N.  E.  Amer.). 
Limnobaris    bracata    Casey.      New     Jersey     (Leng).       Oligolochws 

robustus  L.  in  1909  list  is  a  synonym   (Rhyn.  N.  E.  Amer.). 
Odontocorynus    salebrosus    Casey.      Orange,    April    (Rhyn.    N.    E. 

Amer.). 
Microcholus    striatus    Lee.      Lakehurst,    April    26    (Rhyn.    N.    E. 

Amer.). 

Hylesinus  rufipes  Eich.     Atco,  April  9,  on   wild  cherry   (Wenzel) 
(Rhyn.  N.  E.  Amer.).     Appears  in  1909  list  as  H.  ofacnlus. 

Order  LEPIDOPTERA. 
Acronycta  wanda  Buch.     Union  Co.,  June,  Aug.  (Ent.  News  vol.  28, 

p.  183). 
Xylina  patefacta.     Lakehurst,  Oct.  2  (Woodruff)   (Jour.  N.  Y.  Ent. 

Soc.  vol.  25,  p.  85). 
Papaipema   polymniae    Bird.      Elizabeth    (Buchholz)    (Canad.    Ent. 

vol.   49,   p.    121). 


312  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

Nepticula  paludicola  Braun.  Pemberton,  New  Lisbon,  White's 
Bog,  May,  July,  larva  mines  leaves  of  cranberry  (H.  B.  Scam- 
mell)  (T.  A.  E.  S.  vol.  43,  p.  177). 

Nepticula  obscurella  Braun.  Montclair,  larva  mines  leaves  of  bay- 
berry  (Myrica  carolinensis) .  (T.  A.  E.  S.  vol.  43,  p.  176). 

Order  HYMENOPTERA. 

Pteronidea  ventralis  Say.  Trenton,  Rutherford,  New  Brunswick, 
larvae  on  poplar  and  willow.  Eggs  observed  May  19  (H.  B. 

Weiss). 

Andricus  gemmiformis   Beut.     Ft.   Lee'  district.     Bud-shaped   galls 
on  trunk  of  white  oak  (Beut.)   (Canad.  Ent.  vol.  49,  p.  346). 

Bracon  virginiensis  Morr.  Westville,  Aug.  30.  Should  replace 
A  gat  his  haematodcs  Br.  in  1909  list.  (Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus. 
vol.  52,  p.  341). 

Casinaria  (Limnerium)  limenitidis  How.  Rutherford,  Aug.  1. 
Bred  from  cocoons  collected  at  this  locality.  Parasitic  on 
Limcnitis  archippus  (Weiss). 

Arthrolytus    aeneoviridis    Gir.      Rutherford    (Weiss).      Bred    from 

cocoons  of  Casinaria  limenitidis  How. 
Megastigmus  aculeatus  Swed.    Paterson,  May  31,  Rutherford.    Bred 

from  Rosa  multiflora  seed.    Introduced  from  Japan   (Weiss). 
Pemphredon   foxii   Rohwer.      Camden    Co.,   July    27    (Bull.    Brook. 

Ent.  Soc.  vol.  12,  No.  5). 

Order  DIPTERA. 

Diarthronomyia  hypogaea  F.  Low.  Irvington,  Bound  Brook,  in 
greenhouses.  Galls  on  leaves,  petioles,  stems,  buds  of  chry- 
santhemum. 

Neolasiopterus  hibisci  Felt.  Rutherford,  galls  on  hibiscus  (Dicker- 
son).  Recorded  from  Staten  Is.  in  1909  list  under  genus 
Choristoneura. 

Dioctria  brevis  Banks.     Englewood  (Psyche  vol.  24,  p.  117). 

Tachytrechus  laticrus  Coq.  Manahawkin,  July  30  (Harbeck)  (Ent. 
News  vol.  29,  p.  46). 

Coenomyia  ferruginea.  Greenwood  Lake,  June  6;  Alpine.  May  3 
(Davis  Coll.).  Hewitt,  June  8  (Amer.  Mus.  Coll.)  (Jour.  N. 
Y.  Ent.  Soc.  vol.  25,  p.  134). 

Notiphila  nudipes  Cress.  Woodbury,  July  7  (C.  W.  Johnson); 
Manahawkin,  June  30  (H.  S.  Harbeck).  (T.  A.  E.  S.  vol.  43, 
pp.  27-66).  Replaces  N.  bella  Lw.  of  1909  list. 

Notiphila  olivacea  Cress.  Cape  May,  June  17  (Harbeck);  Mana- 
hawkin, Aug.  3;  West  Orange,  June  1  (Harbeck)  (T.  A.  E.  S. 
vol.  43). 

Notiphila  riparia  Meig.  Salt  Meadows,  Aug.  (Weidt,  Harbeck) 
(T.  A.  E.  S.  vol.  43). 

Notiphila  cognata  Cress.  Manahawkin,  June  30  (Harbeck)  (T.  A. 
E.  S.  vol.  43,  p.  47). 

Notiphila  bispinosa  Cress.  Anglesea,  Barnegat  City,  July  11  (Har- 
beck) ;  Cape  May,  June  4.  Tuly  22  (Harbeck  &  Tohnson) ; 
Stone  Harbor,  Aug.  8  (Harbeck)  (T.  A.  E.  S.  vol.  43,  p.  58). 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 

. _^ _.*  .     _  ._ 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  OCTOBER,   1918. 

No  Simple  Life  for  Insects. 

The  more  we  learn  of  life,  the  greater  do  its  complexities 
reveal  themselves.  It  is  doubtful  whether  we  can  assert  of 
any  organism  that  leads  the  "simple  life."  This  is  just  as 
true  of  insects  as  of  any  other  creatures.  The  discoveries  of 
recent  years  as  to  the  parts  which  insects  play  in  transmitting 
causative  agents  of  disease  are  but  a  beginning  of  that  fund 
of  biologic  and  ecologic  knowledge  which  the  next  generation 
of  entomologists,  pathologists,  bacteriologists,  protozoologists 
arid  hygienists  will  possess.  Confirmation  of  this  view  is  fur- 
nished by  observations  published  during  the  past  few  months, 
as  where  Turner  has  emphasized  the  carriage  by  Heteroptera 
and  Homoptera  of  specific  plant  maladies,  such  as  pecan 
kernel  spot  by  the  green  soldier  bug,  Nesara  viridnla,  and  the 
recent  announcements  from  both  English  and  American 
sources  of  the  connection  of  trench  fever  with  human  lice. 
The  famous  example,  cited  by  Darwin  in  the  third  chapter  of 
The  Origin  of  Species,  "showing  how  plants  and  animals, 
remote  in  the  scale  of  nature,  are  bound  together  by  a  web  of 
complex  relations,"  will,  names  changed,  ultimately  be  true 
for  many  more  insects  than  the  humble  bees  of  which  it  was 

first  employed. 

— i  »  — 

Notes    and    Ne\vs. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   GLEANINGS   FROM   ALL   QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

Emergency  Entomological  Service. 

Owing  to  limited  space  in  our  pages  and  to  the  great  variety  of  topics 
mentioned  in  Nos.  13  and  14  of  the  Reports  of  this  Service  of  the  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture,  for  July  i  and  August  i,  1918,  respectively, 
we  give  here  a  very  brief  notice  of  their  most  important  contents  only. 
(Compare  the  NEWS  for  July,  1918,  pages  271-3.) 

Further  data  on  Climatic  Effects  on  Insects  are  that  white  grubs 
are  undoubtedly  less  abundant  in  parts  of  Indiana  than  in  the  Fall  of 
1917,  a  result  ascribed  to  later  appearance  of  the  imagos  in  1917,  owm- 
to  cool  weather,  with  consequently  younger  and  less  resistant  grubs 
to  meet  the  sudden  freeze  of  last  October.  The  cold  of  the  winter  of 
1917-18  apparently  killed  only  those  joint  worms  which  were  in  the 
upstanding  stubble,  not  those  in  stubble  lying  in  or  near  the  ground. 

From  Massachusetts  comes  the  statement:  "Thus  far  fAug.  i] 
this  has  been  emphatically  a  Plant  Louse  Year,"  and  similar  ex- 
periences are  reported  as  far  south  as  Maryland,  excessive  drought 
intensifying  the  injury  from  aphids  on  many  vegetables. 

313 


314  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

The  grains  have  been  seriously  attacked  by  joint  worms  (Cephus 
sp.),  the  Hessian  fly  and  the  wheat  midge  in  Ohio,  and  from  New 
York  to  South  Carolina ;  the  first  named  insects  have  been  very 
abundant  in  Indiana,  Illinois  and  Michigan  also,  while  in  Oregon  aphids 
have  been  the  chief  pests  of  wheat  and  oats. 

Several  new  species  of  insects  attacking  cotton  have  appeared  near 
Victoria,  Texas,  this  year,  increasing  the  total  over  previous  years. 
The  red  spider  [Tctranychus  gloveri]  has  done  serious  damage  to 
cotton  in  South  Carolina  and  Georgia,  while  T.  tclariae  has  been 
destructive  to  fruits  and  beans  in  California. 

Grasshoppers  have  been  a  great  plague  from  Wisconsin  to  Cali- 
fornia and  Texas.  The  species  mentioned  are  chiefly  Melanoplus 
differentiates  and  devastator.  "In  southwestern  Kansas. .  .in  some  fields 
the  dead  grasshoppers  [from  the  use  of  poisoned  bran  mash]  are  so 
thick  that  the  stench  is  very  bad.  In  some  oat  fields  where  the  grass- 
hoppers have  come  in  from  surrounding  pastures  and  meadows,  they 
are  so  abundant  as  to  actually  give  the  field  a  reddish  tint,  especially 
in  the  evening  when  they  crawl  up  the  stalks  to  roost." 

Cutworms  are  credited  with  "an  immense  amount  of  damage" 
in  South  Dakota,  and  have  been  troublesome  eastward  to  New 
Jersey  and  also  in  Texas. 

Widespread  injury  by  the  banana  root  borer  in  Florida  has  led  to 
co-operation  by  the  State  Plant  Board  and  the  Federal  department 
for  its  extermination.  Castor  beans,  now  of  importance  as  a  war 
crop,  have  been  seriously  damaged  in  the  same  State  by  army 
worms.  A  research  station  of  the  department  has  been  established 
in  the  Panama  Canal  Zone  on  account  of  the  known  occurrence 
of  the  black  fly  there  and  in  Cuba,  constituting  a  menace  to  citrus 
fruits  in  the  Gulf  States. 

A  curious  case  of  injury  to  hogs  is  reported  from  the  Russian 
River  Valley,  California,  where  tent  caterpillars  have  been  unusu- 
ally bad,  especially  in  prune  orchards.  Hogs  have  been  killed  by 
feeding  on  the  caterpillars,  their  stomachs  being  completely  filled 
with  the  silk  of  the  tents  formed  into  dense  balls. 


Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record, 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations.  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

1 — Proceedings,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia. 
3 — The  American  Naturalist,  Philadelphia.  4 — The  Canadian  En- 
tomologist, London,  Canada.  5 — Psyche,  Cambridge,  Mass.  8 — 
The  Entomologist's  Monthly  Magazine,  London.  9 — The  Ento- 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  315 

mologist,  London.  13 — Comptes  Rendus,  Sociele  de  Biologic, 
Paris.  18 — Ottawa  Naturalist,  Ottawa,  Canada.  50 — Proceedings, 
U.  S.  National  Museum,  Washington,  D.  C.  51 — Novitates  Zoolo- 
gicae,  Tring,  England.  68 — Science,  Lancaster,  Pa.  87 — Bulletin, 
Societe  Entomologique  de  France,  Paris.  105 — Videnskabelige 
.Meddelelser,  Naturhistoriske  Forening  i  Kjobenhaven,  Copenha- 
gen. 143 — Ohio  Journal  of  Science,  Columbus,  Ohio.  161 — Pro- 
ceedings, Biological  Society  of  Washington,  Washington,  D.  C. 
179 — Journal  of  Economic  Entomology,  Concord,  N.  H.  180 — An- 
nals, Entomological  Society  of  America,  Columbus,  Ohio.  184— 
Journal  of  Experimental  Zoology,  Philadelphia.  189 — Journal  of 
Entomology  and  Zoology,  Claremont,  Calif.  195 — Bulletin,  Mu- 
seum of  Comparative  Zoology,  Cambridge,  Mass.  198 — Biological 
Bulletin,  Marine  Biological  Laboratory,  Woods  Hole,  Mass.  204— 
New  York  State  Museum,  Albany.  313 — Bulletin  of  Entomological 
Research,  London.  292 — Insecta,  Rennes,  France.  322 — Journal 
of  Morphology,  Philadelphia.  344 — U.  S.  Department  of  Agricul- 
ture, Washington,  D.  C.  394 — Parasitology,  Cambridge,  England. 
407 — Journal  of  Genetics,  Cambridge,  England.  411 — Bulletin,  The 
Brooklyn  Entomological  Society,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y.  417 — Univer- 
sity Studies,  Lincoln,  Nebraska.  447 — Journal  of  Agricultural  Re- 
search, Washington,  D.  C.  475 — Bulletin,  Societe  Vaudoise  des 
Sciences  Naturelles,  Lausanne,  Switzerland.  494 — Proceedings  of 
the  Royal  Institution  of  Great  Britain,  London.  502 — American 
Museum  of  Natural  History,  New  York.  507 — Occasional  Papers, 
Museum  of  Zoology,  University  of  Michigan,  Ann  Arbor.  513— 
South  African  Journal  of  Sciences,  Cape  Town.  534 — Proceedings, 
California  Academy  of  Sciences,  San  Francisco.  540 — The  Lepi- 
dopterist,  Salem,  Mass.  553 — Florida  Buggist,  Gainesville.  559— 
Leland  Stanford  Junior  University  Studies,  Stanford  University, 
California.  560 — Archives  da  Escola  Superior  de  Agricultura  e 
Medicina  Veterinaria,  Pinheiro  (E.  do  Rio),  S.  A. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Bordage,  E.— Sur  la  constitution  du 
reticulum  du  tissu  adipeux  secondaire  chez  les  insectes  metaboles. 
87,  1918,  124.  Comstock,  J.  H.— Nymphs,  naiads,  and  larva.  180, 
xi,  222-4.  The  wings  of  insects,  430  pp.  (The  Comstock  Pub.  Co., 
Ithaca,  N.  Y.).  Crampton,  G.  C. — The  genitalia  and  terminal  ab- 
dominal structures  of  male  Neuroptera  and  Mecoptera,  with  notes 
on  the  Psocidae,  Diptera  and  Trichoptera.  5,  1918,  47-.V.).  A  phylo- 
genetic  study  of  the  terminal  abdominal  structures  and  genitalia 
of  male  Apterygota,  Ephemerids,  Odonata,  Plecoptera  .  .  .  and 
their  allies.  411,  xiii,  49-68.  Fuchs,  C. — In  memoriam.  534,  viii, 
27-U4.  Glaser,  R.  W. — On  the  existence  of  immunity  principles  in 
insects.  5,  1918,  159-46.  Harrington,  W.  H.— Obituary.  4,  L918, 
181-187.  Newell,  A.  G. — The  comparative  morphology  of  the  geni- 


3l6  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,'l8 

talia  of  insects.  180,  xi,  109-56.  Pierce,  W.  D. — A  manual  of  dan- 
gerous insects  likely  to  be  introduced  in  the  U.  S.  through  importa- 
tions. 344,  Office,  Secty.,  256  pp.  Robertson,  R.  B. — Shooting  lar- 
vae. 9,  1918,  162.  Tragardh,  I. — On  a  new  method  of  ascertaining 
the  parasites  of  the  respective  host  insects  in  a  mixed  infesta- 
tion. 313,  ix,  75-9. 

PHYSIOLOGY   AND   EMBRYOLOGY.      Lancefield,   D.   E.— 

An  autosomal  bristle  modifier,  affecting  a  sex-linked  character. 
3,  Hi,  462-4.  Sturtevant,  A.  H. — A  parallel  mutation  in  Drosophila 
funebris,  68,  xlviii,  72-3.  Warren,  D.  C.— The  effect  of  selection 
upon  the  sex-ratio  in  Drosophila  ampelophila.  198,  xxxiv,  351-71. 

MEDICAL.  Anon. — Guarding  soldiers'  camps  against  flies  and 
mosquitoes,  68,  xlviii,  63-4.  Nuttall,  G.  H.  F. — Combating  lousiness 
among  soldiers  and  civilians.  394,  x,  411-586.  Winslow  &  Lutz — 
Insects  and  disease.  502,  Guide  Lean.  No.  48,  73  pp. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.  Chamberlin,  R.  V.— The  Chilopoda  and 
Diplopoda  of  the  West  Indies.  195,  Ixii,  151-262.  Emerton,  J.  H. 
—Collecting  notes  for  northern  spiders.  18,  xxxii,  13.  Hartzell,  A. 
A  chigger  mite  of  Chrysopa  larva.  179,  xi,  386.  Hull,  J.  E.— 
Gynandry  in  Arachnida.  407,  vii,  171-81.  Mello-Leitao,  Dr. — Aran- 
has  novas  ou  pouco  conhecidas  de  thomisidas  e  salticidas  Brasilei- 
ras.  560,  i,  117-154. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Alice  &  Stein— Light  reactions  and 
metabolism  in  mayfly  nymphs.  184,  xxvi,  423-58.  Cullen,  Jamie- 
son,  etc. — The  rectal  tracheation  and  rectal  respiration  of  the  lar- 
vae of  Odonata  Zygoptera.  1,  1918,  75-113.  Gahan,  C.  J.— The 
"death  watch":  notes  and  observations.  9,  1918,  121-5  (cont.). 
McGregor,  E.  A. — Lipeurus  dovei  nom.  nov.  (Mallophaga).  5, 
1918,  46.  Rich,  S.  G. — The  respiratory  rectum  of  the  nymph  of 
Mesogomphus  (Odonata).  513,  xiv,  426-32.  Weiss  &  Dickerson 
—Notes  on  Trioza  alacris  in  New  Jersey.  5,  1918,  59-63.  Wil- 
liamson, E.  B. — Two  interesting  new  Colombian  Gomphines  (Odo- 
nata) ;  Results  of  the  University  of  Michigan  Williamson  expedi- 
tion to  Colombia,  1916-17.  507,  No.  52;  No  59. 


Watson,  J.  R. — Thysanoptera  of  Florida  [3  n.  sps.].  553,  i,  53-5, 
65-77. 

ORTHOPTERA.  Allard,  H.  A.— A  musical,  cricket-like  chirp- 
ing of  a  grasshopper.  68,  xlviii,  67-8.  Essig,  E.  O. — The  European 
earwig,  Forficula  auricularia.  179,  xi,  338.  Walden,  J. — Prelim- 
inary list  of  Claremont-Laguna  O.  189,  x,  21-2. 


Cockerell,  T.  D.  A. —  (See  under  Coleoptera.). 


Vol.  XXl.x]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  317 

HEMIPTERA.  Butler,  E.  A.— On  the  association  between  the 
Hemiptera-Heteroptera  and  vegetation.  8,  1918,  132-6.  Davidson, 
W.  M. — Alternation  of  hosts  in  economic  aphids.  179,  xi,  289-94. 
Ferris,  G.  F.— Notes  on  Coccidae.  4,  1918,  221-5.  Gibson,  E.  H.— 
Notes  on  the  North  and  Central  American  species  of  Acantho- 
cephala.  4,  1918,  237-41.  Gillette,  C.  P.— The  black  cherry  aphis, 
Myzus  cerasi.  4,  1918,  241.  Houser,  J.  S. — The  Coccidae  of  Cuba. 
180,  xi,  157-74.  Luginbill  &  Beyer — Contribution  to  the  knowl- 
edge of  Toxoptera  graminum  in  the  South.  447,  xiv,  97-107.  Mil- 
liken,  F.  B. — Nysius  ericae,  the  false  chinch  bug.  447,  xiii,  571-78. 
Parshley,  H.  M. — Hemipterological  notes.  5,  1918,  64-5.  Shinji, 
C.  O. — A  contribution  to  the  physiology  of  wing  development  in 
Aphids.  198,  xxxv,  95-116.  Weiss  &  Dickerson — The  early  stages 
of  Empoasca  trifasciata.  4,  1918,  201-5. 


Baker,  A.  C. — The  dimorphs  of  species  of  Chaitophorus  [l  new]. 
J61,  xxxi,  85-88.  DeLong,  D.  M. — Additional  records  of  Tennessee 
Cicadellidae  [6  new].  143,  xviii.  233-42.  Drake,  C.  J.— A  new  corn 
insect  from  California  (Corythuca  essigi).  179,  xi,  385.  Ferris, 
G.  F. — The  California  species  of  mealy  bugs  [many  new].  559, 
Univ.  Ser.,  77  pp.  Gillette  &  Bragg — Aphis  bakeri  and  some  allied 
species  [l  new].  179,  xi,  328-33. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Anon.— Relaxing  L.  9,  1918,  162.  Barnes  & 
McDunnough— Noctuid  notes.  4,  1918,  192-5.  Bartsch,  R.  C.  B.— 
The  occurrence  of  Hemileuca  lucina  in  Massachusetts.  540,  ii,  47. 
Beutenmuller,  W. — On  W.  H.  Edward's  types  of  Catocala.  540, 
ii,  44.  Blackmore,  E.  H. — On  the  validity  of  Eupithecia  hartequi- 
naria.  4,  191S,  214-5.  Caffrey,  D.  J. — Notes  on  the  poisonous  urti- 
cating  spines  of  Hemileuca  oliviae.  179,  xi,  363-7.  Childs,  L. — Cod- 
ling moth  activities  at  time  of  total  eclipse.  179,  xi,  387.  McAlpine, 
W.  S.— A  collection  of  L.  from  Whitefish  Point,  Michigan.  507, 
No.  54,  26  pp.  Oberthur,  C. — Etudes  de  lepidopterologie  comparee. 
Fasc.  xv,  7:;o  pp.  Ottolengui,  R. — A  few  missing  types  located.  540, 
ii,  49-51.  Poulton,  E.  B. — Mimicry  and  butterflies.  494,  xxi,  372-9. 
Prout,  L.  B. — New  species  and  forms  of  Geometridae.  51,  xxv, 
76-89.  Turner,  W.  B.— Female  L.  at  light  traps.  447,  xiv,  135-49. 


Braun,  A.  F. — New  species  (7)  of  micro-L.  4,  1918,  229-36. 
Cassino,  S.  E. — A  new  form  of  Catocala  sappho;  New  species  [3] 
of  Catocala.  540,  ii,  46-7;  52-4.  Comstock,  J.  A. — Notes  on  the 
pola-minuta  group  of  Melitaeas,  with  description  of  a  new  sp.  540, 
ii,  .">.">  (cont.).  Hampson,  G.  F. — Descriptions  of  new  genera  and 
sps.  of  Amatidae,  Lithosidae,  and  Noctuidae.  51,  xxv,  93-217. 
Rothschild,  L. — Catalogue  of  Zerynthiinae  and  allied  genera  in  the 


318  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

Tring  Museum,  with  critical  notes.     Catalogue  of  the  Parnassiinae 
in  the  Tring  Museum   [l  new].     51,  xxv,  64-75;  218-62. 

DIPTERA.  Andrews,  A.  W. — Diptera  collected  on  Whitefish 
Point,  Chippewa  Co.,  Michigan.  507,  No.  53,  8  pp.  Cockerell  & 
Scott— Culicidae  of  Colorado.  179,  xi,  387-8.  Keilin,  Dr.— Sur 
quelques  modes  particuliers  de  resistance  des  larves  de  dipteres 
centre  la  dessiccation.  87,  1918,  102-4.  Ludlow,  C.  S.— Tricho- 
prosopon  (Culicidae).  5,  1918,  66-8.  Muir,  F—  Pipunculidae  and 
Stylopidae  in  Homoptera.  8,  1918,  137.  Parker,  J.  R.— The  life 
history  and  habits  of  Chloropisca  glabra,  a  predaceous  oscinid. 
179,  xi,  368-80.  Rogers,  J.  S. — A  collection  of  Tipulidae  from 
Schoolcraft  County,  Michigan.  507,  No.  55,  4  pp.  Sturgis,  W.— 
Claremont-Laguna  D.  from  the  collections  of  the  Dept.  of  Zool.  of 
Pomona  College.  189,  x,  27-31.  Townsend,  C.  H.  T.— Note  on 
oviposition  of  Gasterophilus  nasalis.  4,  1918,  246-8.  Wesenberg- 
Lund,  C. — Anatomical  description  of  the  larva  of  Mansonia  rich- 
ardii  found  in  Danish  fresh  water.  105,  Lxix,  277-328.  Whealdon, 
R.— The  balancers  of  the  house  fly.  68,  xlviii,  222-3. 


Cockerell,  T.  D.  A. — (See  under  Coleoptera.).     Felt,  E.  P.— New 

gall  midges  [6  n.  sps.].  179,  xi,  380-4.  A  study  of  gall  midges— 
V.  [many  new].  204,  Bui.  198,  101-268.  Hine,  J.  S.— Notes  on  rob- 
berflies  from  southwest  Texas  .  .  .  with  a  description  of  a  nc\v 
sp.  of  Erax.  507,  No.  61.  Malloch,  J.  R. — Notes  and  descriptions 
of  some  anthomyiid  genera  [4  n.  g. ;  2  n.  sps.].  161,  xxxi,  65-68. 
Anthracophaga  distichliae  sp.  n.  179,  xi,  386-7.  Melander,  A.  L.— 
The  dipterous  genus  Drapetis  (Empididae)  -[many  new].  180,  xi, 
183-221.  Parker,  R.  R. — A  new  sp.  of  Sarcophaga  from  California. 
189,  x,  32-3. 

COLEOPTERA.  Andrews,  A.  W.— C.  collected  in  northwestern 
Nevada  by  the  Walker-Newcomb  expedition.  507,  No.  48,  3  pp. 
Barbey,  A. — Evolution  d'un  Cerambycide  xylophage.  475,  li,  577- 
82.  Blair,  K.  G. — A  note  on  the  systematic  position  of  the  genus 
Tretothorax.  8,  1918,  152-4.  Bordas,  L. — Morphologic  et  contenu 
des  tubes  de  malpighi  de  quelques  Cetoninae.  292,  vii,  25-7.  Burke, 
H.  E. — Biological  notes  on  some  flat-headed  woodborers  of  the 
genus  Buprestis.  179,  xi,  334-38.  Champion,  G.  C. — 'New  and  little- 
known  saltatorial  Dascillidae.  8,  1918,  139-49  (cont.).  Mclndoo, 
N.  E. — The  olfactory  organ  of  a  coleopterous  larva.  322,  xxxi, 
113-131.  Morse,  E.  S. — Fireflies  flashing  in  unison.  68,  xlviii,  92-3. 
Muir,  F. —  (See  under  Diptera.).  Parks,  H.  B. — Notes  on  Eleodes 
tricostata.  179,  xi,  388.  Perkins,  R.  C.  L.— The  assembling  and 


Vol.  XXIXJ  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  $19 

pairing  of  Stylops.  8,  1918,  129-31.  Pic,  M.— Deux  nouveaux  Poe- 
cilesthus  (S.  Am.).  87,  1918,  123.  Sharp,  D.— On  gynarchy  in  C. 
8,  1918,  154-5. 

Cockerell,  T.  D.  A. — New  species  of  N.  Am.  fossil  beetles,  cock- 
•  roaches,  and  tsetse  flies.  50,  liv,  301-11. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Bordas,  L.— Sur  le  regime  alimentaire  de 
quelques  Vespinae  (Vespa  crabro).  292,  vii,  5-7.  Carr,  E.  G. — An 
unusual  disease  of  honey  bees.  179,  xi,  347-51.  Graham,  S.  A. — An 
interesting  habit  of  a  wax  moth  parasite.  180,  xi,  175-80.  Gautier, 
C. — Etudes  physiologiques  et  parasitologiques  sur  les  lepidopteres 
nuisibles.  La  ponte  des  Apanteles,  parasites  de  Pieris  brassicae. 
13,  Ixxxi,  801-3.  Johnson  &  Ledig — Early  specimens  of  H.  from 
the  Claremont-Laguna  region.  189,  x,  23-6.  Malloch,  J.  R. — Oc- 
currence of  a  European  solitary  bee  (Andrena  wilkella)  in  the 
eastern  U.  S.  161,  xxxi,  61-64.  Viereck,  H.  L. — Notes  on  the  bee 
genus  Andrena.  A  list  of  the  families  and  subfamilies  of  ichneu- 
mon flies  or  the  superfamily  Ichneumonoidea.  161,  xxxi,  59-60; 
69-74.  Turner,  R.  E. — On  Braconidae  parasitic  on  Diatraea  sac- 
charalis  in  Demerara  (S.  A.).  313,  ix,  81-2. 


Fenton,  F.  A, — The  parasites  of  leaf  hoppers.  With  special  ref- 
erence to  Anteoninae  [6  new].  143,  xviii,  243-78.  Mickel,  C.  E.— 
New  species  of  Sphecoidea  from  the  central  and  western  states. 
A  synopsis  of  the  Sphecoidea  of  Nebraska.  417,  xvii,  319-456. 


Doings  of  Societies. 

Feldman  Collecting  Social. 

Meeting  of  April  I7th,  1918,  at  5614  Stewart  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Twelve  members  present;  Dr.  E.  C.  Van  Dyke,  of  Berkeley,  California, 
visitor.  Pres.  H.  W.  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Coleoptera. — Dr.  Van  Dyke  spoke  of  the  intertidal  collecting  on 
the  islands  along  the  Pacific  coast,  particularly  of  the  genus  .T,^ialitcs, 
which  is  found  in  the  crevices  of  the  rocks  below  high  tide  line,  so 
that  part  of  the  time  they  live  under  water.  Associated  with  these 
was  a  marine  Hydrophilid  of  the  genus  Ochthebius  (the  only  species 
found  in  this  country  and  undescribed),  a  Carabid  related  to  Pogonns 
and  many  Staphylinids.  They  are  all  supposed  to  feed  upon  the 
minute  algae.  He  had  seen  a  specimen  of  a  cave-dwelling  Carabid 
at  Cornell  University,  collected  years  ago  by  Prof.  Comstock  in  Texas, 
which  is  not  related  to  any  of  the  North  American  or  European 
species  generally  found  in  caves.  It  is  eyeless,  with  a  long  thorax, 
lon1^  hraded  and  lon.y  K'.u^ed  and  is  a  new  Lti/nus  more  closely  related 
to  Casnonia. 


3-2O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Oct.,  'l8 

Diptera. — Mr.  Hornig  gave  more  details  of  his  mosquito  crusade. 
Mr.  Laurent  exhibited  a  large  series  of  Tabanus  fuscopnnctatiis  Macq. 
which  he  said  were  very  common  and  annoying  the  early  part  of  this 
month  at  Gunntown,  Levy  County,  Florida. 

General. — Mr.  Laurent  said  collecting  was  not  so  good  this  year 
*in  Levy  County,  Florida,  but  he  had  succeeded  in  getting  a  couple 
hundred  each  of  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera.  He  exhibited  also  a 
picture  of  Ottomar  Reinecke,  who  died  November  26th,  1917. 


Meeting  of  May  I5th,  1918,  at  the  same  place.  Ten  members  and 
one  visitor  present.  President  H.  W.  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Coleoptera.  Dr.  Castle  exhibited  a  peculiar  small  Staphylinid  of 
the  genus  Micropeplus  which  he  had  colllected  on  his  last  trip  to 
Miami,  Florida,  May  5. 

Diptera.  Mr.  Hornig  stated  that  he  had  found  a  tree  with  a 
depression  where  the  three  main  branches  started  from  the  trunk, 
which  contained  damp  leaves  but  no  water.  These  leaves  were  taken 
home  and  examined  with  a  microscope  but  he  could  find  no  eggs ; 
they  were  placed  in  a  jar  and  covered  with  water  and  it  now  contains 
about  twenty  mosquito  larvae.  Recorded  the  first  local  appearance 
of  the  following:  Aedes  canadcnsis  Theob.,  March  26th  to  April  30th, 
A.  syh'estris  Theob.,  April  ist  to  April  3Oth  and  A.  sollicitans  Walk., 
April  i.sth  to  May  oth. 

GEO.  M.  GREENE,  Sec'y. 


OBITUARY. 

WILLIAM  HAGUE  HARRINGTON,  born  at  Sydney,  Cape 
Breton,  Nova  Scotia,  April  19,  1852,  died  at  Ottawa,  Canada, 
March  13,  1918.  From  1870  to  1916  he  served  in  the  Canadian 
Post  Office  Department.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Ottawa  Field  Naturalists'  Club  in  1879  and  a  member  of  the 
Entomological  Society  of  Ontario  since  1877;  in  both  associa- 
tions he  held  various  offices,  including  the  presidencies.  His 
chief  entomological  work  was  on  the  Hymenoptera,  but  many 
articles  from  his  pen  on  Coleoptera  and  on  insects  in  general, 
especially  those  of  economic  importance,  appeared  in  Canadian 
journals. —  (From  the  obituary  notice,  accompanied  by  por- 
trait and  bibliography,  in  the  Canadian  Entomologist  for  June, 
1918.) 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  ii)  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  01  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42J  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  18i 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's constructio)!  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  News.  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork  ;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13x2A  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.— We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 


RECENT    LITERATURE 

FOR   SALE    BY 

THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 

1900   RACE  ST.,  PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

COLEOPTERA. 

781. — Greene  (G.  M.). — A  rare  coleoptera  paper  of  T.  W.  Har- 
ris. (Trans.,  44,  251-261,  1918) :>o 

2099. — Wickham  (H.  F.). — An  interesting  new  species  of  Eleo- 

des.  (Ent.  News,  29,  255-257,  1918)  10 

HYMENOPTERA. 

2096. — Beutenmuller  (W.). — Description  of  a  new  Periclistus 

(Cynipidae).  (Ent.  News,  29,  251,  1918)  10 

2097. — Cockerell  (T.  D.  A.). — A  remarkable  new  bee  of  the 

genus  Oxaea.  (Ent.  News,  29,  252,  1918)  10 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

2095. — Braun  (A.  F.). — New  genera  and  species  of  Lyonetiidae. 

[2  n.  g.,  8  n.  sps.].     (Ent.  News,  29,  245-251,  1918) 15 

2098. — Watson  (J.  H.). — Hemileuca  burnsi.  its  specific  validity 

and  habits  (Saturnidae).     (Ent.  N.,  29,  252-255,   I'.H.s)".      .10 

ORTHOPTERA. 

780. — Rehn  &  Hebard — A  study  of  the  North  American  Euma- 
stacinae  (Acrididae).  [1  n.  g.,  2  n.  sps.].  (Trans.  44, 
223-250,  6  pis.,  1918)  60 

When   Writing;  Plnage   Mention  "  Entomological  News." 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


u 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  amathonte 

sulkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  columbus  Urania  boisduvali 

andraemon  Erinyis  guttalaris 

celadon  Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 
devilliersi 


u 


From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  Lepidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

philoxenus  Brahmaea  wallachi 

And   Many   Other   Showy   Species 

From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Armandia  lidderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES    OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL    SUPPLIES    AND    SPECIMENS 
ON    APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 

G.  Lagai,  Ph.D.  404-410  W.  27th  Street 


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(SEE    INSIDE    OF    COVER) 

NOVEMBER,   1918. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

Vol.   XXIX.  No.  9 


Benjamin  Dann  "Walsh 
1808-1869. 

PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Ph.D.,  Editor. 
E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Associate  Editor. 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.D.,  Sc.D.,  Editor  Emeritus. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE: 

EZRA    T.    CRESSON.  J.    A.    G.    RBHN. 

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ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  XXIX. 


Plate  XVIII. 


SAMUEL    WENDELL    WILLISTON. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY    OF    NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.  XXIX. 


NOVEMBER,    1918. 


No.  9. 


CONTENTS: 


Professor  Samuel  Wendell  Williston...  321 

Aldrich— Samuel  Wendell  Williston...  322 

Beutentnuller — Notes  on  Cynipidae, 
with  Description  of  a  New  Species 
(Hym.) 327 

Dozier — An  Annotated  List  of  Gaines- 
ville, Florida,  Coleoptera 331 

Frost— Dragonfly  Larva  Feeding  on  a 
Living  Snake  (Odon.) 335 

Faust— A  New  Tyroglvphid  for  West- 
ern Montana  (  Acar. ) 336 

Robertson — Proterandry  and  Flight  of 
Bees  (  Hym. ) 340 

Hancock— A  New  Genus  and  Two  New 
Species  of  Tettigids  (Orthoptera), 
with  a  Note  on  Nomotettixborealis 
Walker 343 

Fox— On  a  Long-Winged  or  Caudate 
Phase  of  Neotettix  proavus  Rehn 
and  Hebard  (Orth.) 347 


Ferris— The  Alleged  Occurrence  of  a 
Seasonal  Dimorphism  in  the  Fe- 
males of  Certain  Species  of  Mealy 
Bugs  (  Hemiptera  ;  Coccidae) 349 

Editorial— En  tomo  logy  in  Central 
Europe 353 

Ireland— Collecting  Notes  from  Califor- 
nia (  Lepid. ) 353 

Baerg— Key  to  Eastern  Species  of  Rhy- 
phus  ( Dip. ) 354 

Hoplniger — Notes  on  Papilio  indra 
Reakirt  (Lep. ) 354 

Entomological  Literature 355 

Doings  of  Societies — Ent.  Sec.,  Ac.'d. 

of  Nat.  Sci.  of  Phila.  (Lep.,  Dip.)  359 
Feldman    Collecting    Social    (Lep., 
Col.) 360 

Obituary — Dr.  Gustavo  Leonardi 360 


Professor  Samuel  Wendell  Williston. 

We  present  herewith,  as  a  frontispiece  (Plate  XVIII)  to 
the  present  November  number  of  the  NEWS,  a  portrait  of  the 
late  eminent  dipterologist,  Professor  Samuel  Wendell  Willis- 
ton.  The  photograph  from  which  it  was  taken  is  an  old  one, 
probably  dating  from  the  eighteen-eighties,  which  were  the 
years  when  Dr.  Williston  was  most  active  in  his  entomological 
work.  In  later  years  his  appearance  was  very  different,  as 
those  who  saw  him  at  recent  meetings  of  the  Entomological 
Society  of  America  will  recall.  We  understand  that  a  more 
familiar  portrait,  of  a  date  of  four  or  five  years  ago,  will  prob- 
ably appear  in  another  journal,  but  that  which  we  offer  here 
more  nearly  corresponds  to  that  of  the  dipterologist  than  to 
that  of  the  paleontologist.  Klsewhere  in  this  issue.  Dr.  Willis- 
ton's  life  and  career  is  very  appreciatively  and  sympathetically 
sketched  by  his  friend  and  pupil,  ProtY-^or  \1drich. 


321 


322  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,'l8 

Samuel  Wendell  Williston. 

Bv  T.  M.  ALDRICH,  West  Lafayette.  Indiana. 

./      J  J 

Samuel  Wendell  Williston,  the  eminent  palaeontologist  and 
dipterist,  died  in  Chicago  on  August  30,  1918.  At  the  time 
of  his  death  and  for  some  years  previous  he  was  Professor  of 
Palaeontology  and  Director  of  the  Walker  Museum  in  the 
University  of  Chicago. 

He  was  born  in  Boston  on  July  10,  1852,  and  was  therefore 
a  little  past  66  years  old.  His  father  was  a  blacksmith,  un- 
educated but  of  native  ability,  who  removed  with  his  family 
to  Manhattan,  Kansas,  in  1857.  Here  young  Williston's  boy- 
hood was  spent,  and  in  due  time  he  entered  the  Agricultural 
College  in  his  home  town,  graduating  from  it  in  1872.  But 
his  college  course  was  interrupted,  for  he  ran  away  from  home 
at  1 8  and  went  to  work  as  a  railroad  laborer,  from  which 
humble  position  he  rose  before  he  was  20  to  be  a  transit  man 
at  a  handsome  salary  for  that  time.  However,  he  suffered 
greatly  from  malaria,  and  had  to  resign  and  go  back  home ; 
after  recuperating  he  finished  his  college  course.  Railroad 
engineering  went  flat  in  the  panic  of  1873,  and  he  began  to 
study  medicine,  "reading"  in  the  office  of  a  local  doctor.  In 
the  summers  of  1874  and  1875  he  assisted  Professor  B.  F. 
Mudge  on  fossil-collecting  expeditions  in  Western  Kansas, 
the  work  being  done  for  Professor  Marsh  of  Yale  University. 
He  spent  the  winter  of  1875-6  in  the  medical  school  of  the 
University  of  Iowa,  and  was  invited  to  come  to  Yale  to  see 
Marsh  in  the  spring ;  this  resulted  in  a  contract  to  work  for 
Marsh  for  three  years  at  $40  a  month,  and  in  all  to  almost 
continuous  employment  with  him  for  nine  years,  until  1885. 
He  managed  to  finish  his  medical  course  and  get  his  M.D.  at 
Yale  in  1880.  But  by  this  time  his  scientific  bent  was  strongly 
developed,  and  it  soon  appeared  that  his  work  lay  in  following 
it  rather  than  in  the  practice  of  medicine.  He  specialized  in 
palaeontology,  and  received  his  Ph.D.  under  Marsh  in  1885. 
His  genius  for  anatomy  led  to  an  appointment  as  demonstrator 
in  Yale  Medical  the  following  year,  and  after  a  short  appren- 


Vol.  Xxix]  RXTdMD.MiC.ICAI,    NEWS  323 

ticeship  to  the  full  professorship  in  human  anatomy  in  1887,— 
a  striking  recognition  of  his  ability. 

After  three  years  in  this  position,  he  accepted  a  call  to  the 
University  of  Kansas  in  1890  as  Professor  of  Historical  Geolo- 
gy and  Palaeontology.  Twelve  years  of  his  prime  were  spent  in 
this  institution,  years  crowded  with  productive  labor.  He 
helped  organize  the  medical  department  of  the  University,  and 
took  on  the  deanship  of  it  along  with  his  other  work ;  this 
almost  broke  his  vigorous  health,  and  he  had  to  slacken  his 
pace, — perhaps  never  again  quite  regained  it. 

The  consciousness  that  he  was  working  beyond  his  strength 
had  something  to  do  with  his  going  to  the  University  of 
Chicago  in  1902  as  Professor  of  Palaeontology.  Here  he 
was  able  to  concentrate  on  a  single  specialty,  officially  at  least, 
as  he  left  medicine  behind  and  thought  he  had  left  entomology 
also.  In  this  place  he  spent  the  last  fourteen  years  of  his  life, 
beginning  under  some  unexpected  handicaps  and  gradually 
working  up  to  full  recognition  and  honor. 

In  the  outline  just  given,  entomology  is  hardly  hinted  at,  for 
the  reason  that  Williston  never  held  an  official  entomological 
position.  But  he  found  time  to  do  much  valuable  work  as  a 
pioneer  in  dipterology.  His  employer  would  not  allow  him 
to  publish  in  palaeontology,  and  he  sought  a  field  outside 
where  he  could  be  free  to  work  and  publish  ;  this  he  found 
in  the  Diptera.  His  interest  in  the  flies  began  to  be  serious 
about  1878.  At  this  time  Osten  Sacken  had  returned  to 
Europe,  and  there  was  not  a  single  American  student  of 
the  order  but  Edward  Burgess,  the  Boston  yacht  designer, 
who  published  only  one  small  paper.  So  Williston  was  vir- 
tually alone  on  the  continent.  In  the  absence  of  guidance, 
he  plowed  his  way  by  main  strength  (as  he  often  narrated  to 
the  writer)  through  descriptions  of  species  until  here  and 
there  he  made  an  identification,  which  served  as  an  anchor 
point  for  a  new  offensive.  He  had  few  definitions  of  genera, 
so  had  to  work  backward  from  the  species.  After  a  year  or 
two  of  this  tedious  and  time-wasting  effort  he  came  upon 
Schiner's  Fauna  Austriaca,  in  which  the  Austrian  families, 


324  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [NoV.,'l8 

genera  and  species  of  Diptera  as  known  up  to  1862-4  are 
analytically  arranged  and  succinctly  described.  To  his  immense 
relief  and  satisfaction,  he  now  found  that  all  his  American 
flies  could  be  traced  to  their  families,  and  most  of  them  to 
their  genera,  in  this  fine  work.  He  was  so  impressed  by  the 
saving  of  time  accomplished  that  his  own  publications  coming 
later  show  the  effect  of  this  early  experience  on  every  page ; 
everywhere  he  has  the  beginner  in  mind  and  is  clearing  the 
way  for  him. 

In  a  few  years  he  began  publishing  tentative  papers  analyz- 
ing the  American  families  and  genera  of  the  flies.  These  he 
extended  and  enlarged  in  a  pamphlet  in  1888,  and  again  in  a 
bound  volume  in  1896;  and  in  1908  published  a  third  edition 
still  more  complete,  with  1000  figures,  his  well-known  Manual 
of  Diptera.  This  third  edition  is  his  main  contribution  to  ento- 
mology. It  is  a  handbook  unapproached  by  anything  else 
dealing  with  a  large  order  of  insects.  From  necessity  he 
published  it  at  his  own  expense ;  it  was  eight  years  before  the 
receipts  from  sales  covered  the  cost  of  printing,  but  happily 
he  lived  to  see  this  consummation. 

His  other  papers  of  his  early  period,  1881-89,  dealt  with 
Asilidae,  Conopidae,  Tabanidae,  and  smaller  groups,  and  es- 
pecially with  Syrphidae,  in  which  his  fine  monograph  of  1886 
is  still  in  universal  use,  and  by  the  taxonomic  genius  of  its 
author  has  created  in  the  United  States  an  ineradicable  belief 
that  the  family  is  an  easy  one,  well  adapted  for  the  beginner 
to  publish  in ;  a  mistaken  belief,  but  highly  complimentary  to 
the  monographer. 

From  1890  his  more  important  papers  were  concerned  with 
tropical  Diptera  (Mexico,  St.  Vincent,  Brazil),  and  with  bibli- 
ography. As  his  official  duties  grew  more  exacting,  he  gradu- 
ally abandoned  entomology,  but  he  had  as  many  farewell  ap- 
pearances as  an  opera  singer,  for  he  could  not  resist  the  temp- 
tation to  come  back  again  and  again.  Even  as  late  as  the 
spring  of  1917,  when  he  was  visiting  the  writer  and  reveling 
once  more  in  a  collection  of  Diptera,  his  old  enthusiasm  came 
back  so  strongly  that  he  planned  describing  some  new  genera, 


Vol.  xxixj  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  325 

and  did  in  fact  publish  one  (Annals  Ent.  Soc.  Amer.,  x,  23). 
But  after  1896  he  did  little  work  on  the  order  except  in  prepar- 
ing the  third  edition  of  his  Manual,  which  cost  him  two  years  of 
arduous  work,  as  he  drew  800  figures  with  his  own  hand. 
His  deep  interest  in  genera  and  his  very  wide  acquaintance 
with  them,  together  with  his  universally  recognized  taxonomic 
ability,  made  him  in  the  period  1890-1900  the  peer  of  Osten 
Sacken,  Brauer  and  Mik  as  a  world-authority  in  Diptera. 

The  types  of  Williston's  new  species  are  much  scattered. 
His  Syrphidae  were  acquired  by  the  National  Museum ;  the 
rest  of  his  earlier  collections  by  the  University  of  Kansas ; 
his  Biologia  material  and  that  from  St.  Vincent  went  to  Lon- 
don, and  1  understand  were  finally  deposited  in  the  British 
Museum;  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History  obtained 
his  later  collections,  including  some  duplicates  of  type  series 
from  St.  Vincent  and  perhaps  Mexico.  Williston  did  not  be- 
lieve in  designating  a  single  type  specimen,  hence  in  some  cases 
his  types  of  the  same  species  are  in  two  museums.  He  had  no 
collection  of  Diptera  in  his  last  years,  although  he  still  re- 
tained his  fine  library  in  the  order. 

Although  he  never  gave  any  formal  entomological  courses, 
he  gave  informal  and  even  more  valuable  assistance  both  in 
Kansas  and  Chicago  to  several  entomologists  who  were  special- 
izing on  Diptera ;  among  them  W.  A.  Snow.  Hugo  Kahl, 
C.  F.  Adams,  A.  L.  Melander  and  myself.  We  all  admired 
him,  and  our  admiration  grew  into  deep  love  and  veneration 
with  the  passing  years.  He  had  students  outside  of  entomology 
like  E.  C.  Case  and  C.  E.  McClung,  who  achieved  high  scien- 
tific standing.  His  lecture  courses  in  palaeontology  were  full 
of  broad  generalizations  about  evolution,  and  in  the  highest 
degree  stimulating  and  profitable  to  students  with  biological 
training,  as  I  am  informed  by  Melander,  who  took  them.  He 
did  not  have  large  classes  at  any  time,  and  his  lectures  were 
mostly  informal  in  style,  drawn  from  a  rich  experience  and 
given  in  intimate  association  with  the  student,  the  kind  that 
would  make  a  deep  impression.  But  his  life  work  was  mainly 
directed  to  the  larger  circle  outside  his  institution. 


326  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,  'l8 

While  in  New  Haven  he  received  a  visit  from  C.  V.  Riley, 
who  urged  him  to  come  to  Washington  as  first  assistant  in  the 
Division  (afterward  Bureau)  of  Entomology.  But  Williston 
entertained  a  shrewd  doubt  as  to  whether  he  could  be  happy 
in  a  position  subordinate  to  Riley,  and  declined  the  offer, 
although  its  acceptance  would  have  meant  a  permanent  posi- 
tion at  an  increased  salary.  This  incident  was  narrated  to 
me  several  times  by  Williston;  it  occurred  about  1885. 

In  the  last  few  years  Williston  published  two  volumes  on 
fossil  reptiles,  his  greatest  specialty,  and  last  winter  was  work- 
ing on  a  handbook  of  reptilia,  which  was  probably  near  com- 
pletion when  he  was  compelled  to  abandon  it.  If  this  volume 
can  be  printed,  it  will  close  up  his  work  on  the  reptiles  about 
as  well  as  his  Manual  of  Diptera  did  for  the  flies.  My  last 
mental  picture  of  the  man  represents  him  on  a  day  last  winter, 
sitting  at  a  table  before  a  window  in  his  study  at  home,  in 
one  hand  a  long-snouted  reptilian  skull,  in  the  other  a  draw- 
ing pen  with  which  he  was  rapidly  making  a  sketch  of  it. 

He  attended  the  Pittsburgh  meeting  of  the  Entomological 
Society  of  America  last  winter  and  gave  reminiscences  of 
his  early  work  on  Diptera  to  an  interested  audience. 

In  physique  he  was  large  and  vigorous,  and  mentally  he 
was  greatly  endowed.  I  think  I  shall  offend  no  living  Ameri- 
can dipterist  when  I  say  that  he  towered  above  us  all.  The 
truth  of  the  assertion  will  be  more  clearly  evident  if  we  con- 
sider that  his  work  on  Diptera  was  never  more  than  a  side 
line,  an  absolute  gift  to  science,  accomplished  in  odd  times 
while  he  was  attaining  distinction  in  anatomy  and  world-wide 
reputation  in  palaeontology,  his  main  specialties. 

Considering  the  positiveness  of  his  opinions  and  his  frank- 
ness in  expressing  them,  his  life  was  singularly  free  from  sci- 
entific controversies,  and  especially  from  those  leading  down 
into  personalities.  In  many  long  conversations  with  him,  I 
do  not  recall  that  I  ever  heard  him  express  a  personal  dis- 
like for  a  scientific  colleague,  except  in  one  case  where  he  felt 
that  advancement  in  a  teaching  position  had  been  obtained  by 
servility,  and  another  where  he  felt  that  his  own  matured 
opinion  had  been  treated  rather  contemptuously. 


Vol.  XX'ix]  F.XTO.MOI.MC.ICAL    XE\YS  327 

His  last  years  were  full  of  honors.  He  was  a  delegate 
to  the  International  Zoological  Congress  at  Monaco;  Yale 
University  gave  him  an  honorary  D.Sc. ;  he  was  chosen  to  the 
limited  membership  of  the  National  Academy  of  Sciences,  and 
the  Entomological  Society  of  America  made  him  an  Honorary 
Fellow,  one  of  seven  out  of  its  membership  of  600. 

He  was  married  in  1880  to  Annie  I.  Hathaway,  of  New 
Haven,  who  survives  him  together  with  three  daughters  and 
a  son. 

I  first  knew  him  by  correspondence  in  1890,  when  on  learn- 
ing that  I  was  beginning  to  work  on  Diptera  he  sent  me  sepa- 
rates of  his  papers.  In  January,  1893,  I  went  to  the  University 
of  Kansas  to  study,  drawn  entirely  by  his  presence  there.  He 
received  me  with  open  arms,  and  helped  me  in  every  way 
possible  until  I  left  in  July  to  take  up  my  work  in  Idaho. 
Then  I  saw  him  only  a  time  or  two  in  twenty  years,  and  had 
few  and  short  letters  from  him,  for  he  was  a  notably  poor  cor- 
respondent. After  coming  to  Indiana  in  1913  I  was  so  near 
that  we  were  frequently  together.  My  sketch  would  be  en- 
tirely inadequate  without  some  acknowledgment  of  my  per- 
sonal obligation.  In  Kansas  he  lent  me  money;  he  wanted 
me  to  live  in  his  house ;  he  could  not  do  enough  to  further 
my  scientific  aspirations.  More  than  any  other  of  my  teachers, 
he  became  my  ideal  of  a  scientific  man;  and  if  in  later  years 
my  ideal  took  on  larger  proportions,  so  he  too  seemed  to 
expand  in  his  mature  powers  ;  and  at  the  close  of  his  life  I 
still  feel  that  a  splendid  and  inspiring  example  of  scientific 
work  and  achievement  is  contained  in  his  career. 


Notes  on  Cynipidae,  with  Description  of  a  New 

Species  (Hym,). 

By  WILLIAM  BEUTEXMUI.LEK,  New  York  City. 

Biorhiza  nigra   Fitch. 

Hiorhiza  n'ujra  Fitch,  5th  Rep.  Xox.  Ins.  N.  V.  (Trans.  N.  Y.  Agric. 
Soc.,  1858  (1859),  782). 

Acraspis  politus  Bassett,  Trans.  Am.  Fnt.  Soc..  v<>1.  XVII  1890 
p.  85. 


328  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,'l8 

Fitch's  type  of  Biorhiza  nigra  is  in  the  United  States  Na- 
tional Museum  and  not  lost  as  stated  by  me  in  my  paper  on 
the  species  of  Biorhiza,  Philoni.v  and  Allied  Genera,  and  their 
Galls  (Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  Vol.  XXVI,  1909,  p. 
246).  I  examined  the  type  a  few  years  ago  and  my  notes 
say  that  it  is  the  same  as  Acra-spis  politus  Bassett. 

Philonix  fulvicollis  Fitch. 

Philoni.v  fuhncollis  Fitch,  5th  Rep.  Nox.  Ins.  N.  Y.  (Trans.  N.  Y. 
Agricul.  Soc.,  1858  (1859),  p.  783). 

Cynips  q.  erinacei  Walsh,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  vol.  II,  1864,  p.  483 
(gall  only). 

Philoni.v  erinacei  Beutenmuller,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  vol. 
XXVI,  1909,  p.  247. 

The  type  of  Philonix  fuhncollis  Fitch,  is  in  the  United 
States  National  Museum  and  Pliiloni.v  erinacei  is  the  same  as 
P.  fulvicollis. 

Philonix   nigricollis    Fitch. 

Philonix  nigricollis  Fitch;  sth  Rep.  Nox.  Ins.  N.  Y.  (Trans.  N.  Y. 
Agricul.  Soc.,  1858  (1859),  p.  873). 

The  type  of  P.  nigricollis  is  in  the  U.  S.  National  Museum. 
It  is  a  small,  slender  species,  measuring  2  mm.  in  length.  It 
is  dark  reddish  brown  with  the  collar  darker  and  the  legs 
yellowish  brown. 

Philonix  lanaeglobuli  (Ashmead). 

Acraspis  lanaeglobuli  Ashmead.  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.,  vol.  XI \T, 
1887,  pp.  128,  139. 

I  examined  the  type  of  lanaeglobuli  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Museum  and  also  have  before  me  an  example  given  to  me 
many  years  ago  by  Ashmead.  I  strongly  suspect  that  Acraspis 
gillettei  Bassett  will  prove  to  be  the  same  as  lanaeglobuli. 
The  galls  of  both  are  also  exactly  similar. 

Callirhytis  agrifoliae  (Bassett). 

Cynips  q.  agrifoliae  Bassett.     Can.  Ent.,  vol.  XIII,  1881,  p.  53. 
Callirhytis  clairmontis  Kieffer.     Invert.  Pacifica,  vol.  I,  1904,  p.  43. 

Mr.  C.  F.  Baker  kindly  sent  me  specimens  of  Callirh\tis 
clairmontis,  galls  and  flies  and  I  find  the  same  to  be  identical 
with  Callirhytis  agrifoliae.  Mr.  Baker's  specimens  are  from 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  32Q 

the  same  material  sent  to  Prof.  KiefYer  for  description  of  clair- 
nwntis. 

Odontocynips  nebulosa  Kieft'er. 

Odontocynips  nebulosa  Kieffer,  Boll.  Lab.  Agricol.  Portici,  vol.  IV, 
IQIO,  p.  112. 

This  species  was  heretofore  known  only  by  the  types 
from  Georgia  and  Texas  in  the  Berlin  Zoological  Museum  and 
was  unknown  to  American  collectors  until  Prof.  E.  P.  Felt 
sent  me  specimens  of  the  flies  and  galls  taken  at  \Yoodstock, 
Georgia,  in  February,  1917,  on  the  roots  of  oak.  Air.  Lewis 
H.  Weld  was  fortunate  enough  to  collect  the  galls  on  the  roots 
of  Post  oak  (Qucrcus  minor}  at  Palestine,  Texas,  Oct.  16, 
1917,  and  sent  me  specimens  from  which  1  obtained  a  fine 
series  of  females.  These  were  cut  from  the  galls  in  December 
while  others  emerged  January  I9th  to  February  26th,  1918  (in- 
doors), and  others  are  still  in  the  galls.  The  gall  is  composed 
of  large,  rounded,  hard,  woody  nodulus,  closely  grown  together, 
so  as  to  form  a  large  mass,  while  others  are  single  or  in  clus- 
ters. Each  nodule  contains  a  single  large  larval  chamber.  The 
fly  is  a  beautiful  creature.  It  is  deep  brownish  black  or  almost 
black  and  covered  with  fine,  silky,  whitish  hairs.  The  wings 
are  marked  with  large  blackish  patches.  The  genus  is  allied 
to  Cynips  and  may  be  characterized  by  having  a  large  tooth  on 
the  under  side  of  the  hind  femora. 

Andricus   impositus   sp.   nov. 

$  . — Head  dark  rufous,  evenly  punctate  and  clothed  with  short 
white  hairs.  Antennae  13-jointed,  pitchy  brown-black. 

Thorax  black,  subopaque,  evenly  and  finely  punctate.  Parapsidal 
grooves  very  fine,  not  continuous,  extending  forward  to  about  the  ends 
of  the  anterior  parallel  lines,  and  most  distinct  at  the  scutelhun. 
Median  groove  very  fine  and  about  as  long  as  the  parapsidal  grooves. 
Lateral  grooves  scarcely  defined.  Anterior  parallel  lines  shining  and 
extending  to  the  middle  of  the  thorax.  Pleurae  punctate,  hairy,  with 
a  polished,  smooth  area.  Scutellum  black,  evenly  rugoso-punctate, 
basal  fovea  large  and  deep. 

Abdomen  black,  slightly  rufous  at  the  extreme  base  and  tip,  smooth. 
polished  and  with  a  rounded  patch  of  whitish  hairs  on  each  side  at 
the  base. 


330  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,  'l8 

Fore  tibiae  brown,  femora  darker,  middle  and  hind  legs  pitchy 
brow/i  with  the  knees  paler. 

Wings  hyaline,  veins  delicate  brown.  Radial  area  closed.  Cubitus 
exceedingly  faint  and  not  extending  to  the  first  cross-vein.  Areolet 
large. 

Length,  2.75  to  3.25  mm. 

Gall.  —  On  the  under  sides  of  the  leaves  of  post  oak  (Qncrcus  minor) 
in  clusters  from  about  4-40  individuals  closely  packed  together,  on  the 
mid-rib  and  lateral  veins,  September  to  November.  Monothalamous. 
Green,  sometimes  tinged  with  red.  Elongate,  rounded  at  the  sides, 
narrow  at  the  point  of  attachment  and  concave  at  the  apex  with  a 
small  central  nipple.  Outside  it  is  rather  densely  covered  with  small 
pustules.  When  young,  the  gall  is  almost  solid,  but  as  it  grows  older 
the  larval  chamber  gradually  occupies  the  entire  interior.  After  it 
drops  to  the  ground,  late  in  the  fall,  the  gall  gradually  changes  its 
shape  to  almost  globular  (berry-like)  with  the  concave  apex  flat- 
tened and  the  surrounding  rim  less  prominent.  The  crystal-like  pus- 
tules change,  the  gall  becoming  evenly  rugose.  The  point  of  attach- 
ment becomes  long,  narrow  and  sharply  pointed.  The  entire  inside  be- 
comes hollow  with  the  outer  wall  thin  and  brittle. 

Length,  2.50  to  5  mm.  ;  width,  2  to  4  mm.  ;  length  of  clusters,  5  to 
35 


Habitat  :  Westchester,  New  York  City. 

Type  :  female  in  the  writer's  collection. 

My  observations  on  the  galls  were  made  from  at  least  500 
clusters.  At  first  I  considered  it  to  be  that  of  Zopheroteras 
vaccinii  Ashm.,  which  it  resembles  when  immature.  But  the 
flies  are  different,  the  female  of  vaccinii  being  apterous.  The 
gall  of  A.  impositus  when  mature  resembles  somewhat, 
those  of  Cynips  dimorphus  and  C.  vacciniiformis.  My  galls 
were  collected  during  September  and  until  November  1st,  1915, 
but  they  evidently  also  occur  earlier  in  the  season,  because 
some  of  the  flies  emerged  in  June  and  July  and  others  in 
September,  1916.  But  the  majority  remained  over  until  1917, 
the  flies  emerging  indoors  in  January  and  February.  My 
specimens  were  collected  on  a  small  rocky  elevation  in  a, 
swamp,  close  to  the  Bronx  River,  near  Westchester,  New 
York  City.  This  locality  is  gradually  being  filled  in  for  streets 
and  other  improvement  and  soon  will  become  extinct.  I  have 
also  taken  the  gall  at  Lakehurst,  New  Jersey,  and  it  probably 
will  be  found  in  other  places  where  Quercus  minor  grows. 


Vol.  XXlx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  331 

An  Annotated  List  of  Gainesville,  Florida,  Coleoptera. 

By  H.  L.  DOZIER,  University  of  Florida. 

(Continued  from  page  298) 
BUPRESTIDAE. 

Chalcophora  virginiensis  Drury.     A  common  species.     The  larvae 

bore  in  pine. 
Chalcophora    georgiana    Lee.      Not    as     abundant     as     the     above 

species.     May. 

Dicerca  obscura  Fab.  An  adult  taken  on  pine  log,  Jan.  3  (J.  R   W.). 
Dicerca  punctulata  Sch.     A  specimen  in  sandy  road.    (W.  E.  Pen- 

nington)   Jan. 

Buprestis  lineata  Fab.     Not  an  uncommon  species. 
Buprestis  connexa  Horn.     An  undated  specimen.   (J.   R:  W.). 
Buprestis   decora    Fab.      Two    specimens    on    pavement    near    pine 

trees — one    contained    a    large    number     of     well-developed 

eggs — March  29. 

Melanophila  notata  L.  &  P.     One  in  flight,  Mar.  31. 
Anthaxia  cyanella  Gory.     Always  taken  on  foliage  of  oak.     First 

of   season    taken    March   27.     Very   abundant   on   young   red 

oak  bushes  in  open  fields,  April   15. 

13.    (J.  R.  W.). 

Chrysobothris    femorata    Fab.    var.      At    dogwood    blossom,    April 
Chrysobothris  chrysoela   Illig.    One  in  flight,   Nov.   1.    An   uncom- 
mon species. 

Chrysobothris  sp.    An  undated    $. 

Actenodes  auronotata  Lap.     This  is  a  Cuban  species  found  occa- 
sionally in  Florida.     Several  specimens  in  flight,  June  27-28. 
Acmaeodera  ornata  Fab.     An  uncommon  species,  May  1. 
Acmaeodera  tubulus  Fab.     Taken  in  dew-berry  blossom,  March  2. 

Abundant  at  wild  plum  blossoms,   Mar.  8.     On  bull  thistle, 

April  11. 
Agrilus  subcinctus  Gory.     Numbers  taken  in  copula  on  ash  leaves 

in  hammock,  April  4.     Mar.  24-Apr.  4. 
Taphrocerus  agriloides  Cr.     Numbers  taken  by  sweeping  nut  grass 

and  low  herbage  at  hammock  edge,  April  1-3. 
Brachys    cuprascens    Blatch.      Extremely     abundant     eating     oak 

foliage  from  March  24-April   16. 

LAMPYRIDAE. 

Calopteron  reticulatum  Fab.  This  large  handsome  species  is 
found  rather  commonly  on  the  foliage  of  various  shrubs 
and  trees,  Mar.  5-June  25. 

Celetes  basalis  Lee.     On  basswood  leaf,  April  2. 
Photuris    pennsylvanica    DeG.      Taken    on    pine    at    night    and    on 
corn  plants,  June  9. 


332  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [Nov.,  'l8 

Chauliognathus  marginatus  Fab.  Our  most  common  species  here 
and  abundant  everywhere,  especially  at  the  blossoms  of 
chinquepin  and  flowers.  Taken  nearly  the  whole  year 
round. 

Polemius  limbatus  Lee.  Taken  on  needles  of  long-leaf  pine,  Dec. 
4. 

MALACHIDAE. 

Melyris  cribrata  Lee.  Abundant  in  blossoms  of  Cratcgus  and 
dogwood,  Mar.  3-11. 

Melyris  basalis  Lee.  Taken  with  the  above  species  but  less  abun- 
dantly. 

CLERIDAE. 

Enoclerus  thoracicus  Oliv.     Beaten  from  oak  foliage,  April  18. 
Clerus  lunatus  Spin.      One  taken   at   chinquepin   bloom,   May   14. 
Priocera   castanea   Newm.      One    taken    at   hammock  edge,   March 
(C.  P.  Bishop). 

SCARABAEIDAE. 

Canthon  depressipennis  Lee.     Very  common  around  dung  in  roads 

from  April  to  Sept. 
Canthon  laevis  Drury.     Our  most  common  dung  beetle  and  is  met 

with  along  roads,  rolling  their  balls  of  dung,  April-Sept. 
Canthon  nigricornis  Say.     Not  as  abundant  as  the  above  species, 

May  3. 

Choeridium  lecontei  Harold.     Taken  occasionally  at  lights,  May  27. 
Copris  Carolina  Linn.     Most  abundant  during  June. 
Copris   minutus   Drury.      A    common    species   abundant    nearly   the 

year  round.     Very  abundant  at  lights  Feb.  5. 
Copris    anaglypticus    Say.      A    specimen    taken    in    ft.    long   tunnel 

beneath  dung,  March  12,  evidently  lying  dormant  (J.  R.  W.). 
Phanaeus  igneus  MacL.     A  rather  common  species  the  year  round, 

flying  around  dung  in  roads.     While  in  flight,  their  buzzing 

greatly  resembles  that  of  the  bumble-bee.     Jan.  5-March  26. 
Phanaeus  carnifex  Linn.     Closely  resembles  the  above  species,  but 

is  not  nearly  so   abundant.     The  males   are  rarely   seen. 
Onthophagus  hecate  Panz.     Found  frequently  in  dung. 
Bolbocerosoma  farctum  var.  tumefactum  Beauv.    A  specimen  taken 

from  beneath  bark  of  fallen  pine  Aug.  3.     A  specimen  flying 

over  grass  of  wet  prairie,  July  30  (J.  R.  W.). 
Trox  suberosus  Fab.     Taken  at  dead  rat,  June  28. 
Diplotaxis  languida  Lee.     Taken  at  night  eating  oak  foliage,  May 

2.     Mar.  12-May  2. 
Diplotaxis   bidentata    Lee.      Numbers    taken    at    night    feeding    on 

chinquepin  foliage,  April  24.     Varies  in  color  from  brown  to 

black. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  333 

Diplotaxis  frontalis  Lee.     Taken  with  the  above  species,  April  24. 

Several  at  lights,  April  6. 

Diplotaxis   subcostata    Blanch.      Large    numbers    taken    under    arc- 
light,  April  6. 

Ataenius  imbricatus  Melsh.    Very  abundant  at  lights,  June  7. 
Ataenius  alternatus  Melsh.     Also  very  abundant  at  lights,  June  7. 
Aphodius  lividus  Oliv.     Very  numerous  for  several  nights,  June  7. 
Aphodius  stercorosus  Melsh.     A  single  specimen  at  lights,  June. 
Bradycinetus  ferrugineus  Bequv.     Rather  scarce.     Lights,  June  3- 

Aug.   30. 

Bolboceras  lazarus  Fab.    Abundant  at  lights,  July  21  and  Sept.  3. 
Serica  vespertina  Gyll.     A  specimen  taken  eating  foliage  of  young 

hickory,   March  10. 
Lachnosterna   prununculina    Burm.      Several   at   lights,   June   G.     A 

swarm  of  hundreds  was  eating  the  foliage  of  pine  at  night, 

June  8.     I  was  attracted  by  the  loud  buzzing  of  them  over- 
head. 

Lachnosterna  glaberrima  Blanch.     One  at  lights,  June  6. 
Lachnosterna  sp.  nov.  near  nova.     Three  specimens  taken  beneath 

arc-light,  April  6. 

Lachnosterna  parvidens  Lee.     One  at  light,  April  4. 
Lachnosterna  latifrons  Lee.     At  light,  June  1. 

Lachnosterna  micans  Knoch.     An  uncommon  species  here,  April  5. 
Polyphylla   gracilis    Horn.     An    uncommon    species,   but   taken   on 

pine,  April  28-May  20. 
Polyphylla  occidentalis  Linn.     This  species  is  also  a  pine  foliage 

feeder,  April  25-May  31. 

Anomala  semilivida  Lee.    A  specimen  on  beggarweed,  Aug.  13. 
Anomala    marginata    Fab.      One    taken    beneath    log    at    Hogtown 

Creek,    May   23.     This    species   feeds    on    the    foliage   of   the 

grape  and  various  trees. 
Strigoderma  pygmaea  Fab.     Found  abundantly  on  various  weeds, 

corn  and  cotton,  April  20-Aug. 
Pelidnota  punctata  Linn.    Taken  in  small  numbers  at  lights  during 

May. 

Cyclocephala  villosa  Burm.     A  few  at  lights,  June  7. 
Dyscinetus  trachypygus  Burm.    Abundant  the  year  round  at  lights. 
Ligyrus  gibbosus  DeG.     Abundant  at  lights  during  May. 
Dynastes    tityrus    Linn.       Found    occasionally    beneath    old    logs. 

Abundant   beneath    arc-lights   in    July. 
Stephanucha  (Euphoria)  areata  Fabr.     A  rather  rare  species  here. 

Taken  only  along  sandy  roads,  Jan.  16-Feb.  19. 
Euphoria  sepulchralis  Fabr.     An  extremely  abundant   species,  oc- 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,  'l8 

curring  at  the  blooms  of  chinquapin   and  especially  at  bull 
thistle.     Abundant  from  March  25-Aug.  16. 

Euphoria  inda  Linn.  Occurs  at  blossoms  of  various  plants,  but  is 
an  uncommon  species  here,  Oct.  9. 

Trichius  delta  Forst.  First  made  their  appearance,  April  28,  at 
chinquepin  blooms.  Taken  at  blooms  of  Sah'ia,  cherokee  rose, 
and  other  flowers.  These  beetles  were  more  or  less  abundant 
through  June.  An  adult  was  taken  at  golden  rod  bloom,  Aug.  9. 

Adults  of  this  species,  together  with  T.  piger,  were  reared 
from  larvae  collected  in  oak  stump.  The  grubs  greatly  resemble 
those  of  Lachnosterna  but  are  smaller  in  size  and  are  of  a  more 
creamish  color. 

Trichius  viridulus  Forst.  A  specimen  taken  in  bloom  of  southern 
papaw  along  roadside.  Occurs  also  at  blooms  of  chinque- 
pin. A  rare  beetle  here  as  elsewhere,  May  23. 

Trichius  piger  Fabr.  Occurs  at  flowers  of  various  kinds,  including 
New  Jersey  tea  and  the  magnolia.  Is  not  as  abundant  as  T. 
delta  and  apparently  has  not  as  long  a  season  as  that  species. 
May-June. 

Trichius  texanus.     Three  taken  at  chinquepin  blooms,  May  20  (C. 

Nieland). 

CERAMBYCIDAE. 

Orthosoma  brunneum  Forst.     Taken  occasionally  at  lights. 

Criocephalus  nubilus  Lee.     Taken  at  lights,  March  10-April  20. 

Chion  cinctus   Drury.     Common  at  lights,  Jan. -April  15. 

Eburia  quadrigeminata  Say.     Occasionally  at  lights. 

Eburia  stigma  Oliv.     A  specimen  at  light,  June  11. 

Romaleum  atomarium  Drury.     At  light,  June  15. 

Elaphidion  mucronatum  Say.     Light,  June  8. 

Elaphidion  unicolor  Rand.     A  specimen  at  light,  June  8. 

Heterachtes  ebenus  Newm.     A  specimen  at  light,  Sept.  25. 

Molorchus  bimaculatus  var.  semiustus  Newm.    Rather  common  at 

blossoms  of  dogwood  and  Cratcgus,  March  11-12. 
Molorchus  bimaculatus  var.  corni  Hald.     A  single  specimen  of  this 

variety   taken    at   dogwood   blossom,    March    10. 
Molorchus    bimaculatus   var.      A   specimen    of   a   black   variety    of 

bimaculatus  taken  at  Cratcgus  blossom,  March  12. 
Rhopalophora    longipes    Say.      One    taken    at    dogwood    blossom, 

March  11. 
Callichroma  splendidum  Lee.    A  specimen  of  this  uncommon  beetle 

was  taken  in  piny  woods,  flying  from  the  bark  of  one  pine 

tree    to    another,    making    a    loud    buzzing    noise    as    it    flew, 

April  21   (O.  Manecke). 
Xylotrechus  colonus  Fabr.    Rather  common  at  lights. 


Vol.  XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  335 

Xylotrechus  sagittatus  Germ.     A  specimen  taken   on  recently  cut 

pine  stump,  Sept.  24  (J.  R.  W.). 
Neoclytus    erythrocephalus    Fabr.      A    pair    collected    in   copula   at 

Hogtown   Creek,   Feb.  20   (J.   R.   W.).     Bred  from  Japanese 

persimmon. 

Strangalia  famelica  Newm.  var.     One   specimen    (J.   R.  W.) 
Strangalia  strigosa  Newm.     Rather  abundant  at  chinquepin  blooms, 

May  7. 
Typocerus  velutinus   Oliv.     Taken   at   chinquepin   bloom,   May    10 

(J.  R.  W.). 
Typocerus  zebratus   Fabr.     On  pine  foliage   in   March.     On  small 

thistle  in  open  field,  April  20. 
Monohammus  titillator  Fabr.     A  very  common  species  that  breeds 

in  pine,  June  9-Oct.  20. 

Dorcaschema  alternatum  Say.     An  undated  specimen. 
Leptostylus  planidorsus  Lee.     A  specimen  at  light,  Sept.  28. 
Leptostylus  aculiferus  Say.     An  abundant  species. 
Liopus  alpha  Say.     Taken  at  lights,  Oct.  11  (J.  R.  W.). 
Liopus  alpha  var.  floridanus  Hamilton.     A  specimen  at  light.  Aug. 

21. 

Liopus  minuens  Horn.     Two  undated  specimens   (J.  R.  W.). 
Graphisurus    fasciatus    DeG.      Several    newly    emerged    adults    and 

pupae   were   taken    beneath   bark  of   fallen    oak,    Feb.    7.     A 

specimen  at  light,  Sept.  25. 

Acanthocinus  obsoletus  Oliv.     In  flight  at  night,  April  15-Oct.  11. 
Ecyrus  dasycerus  Say.     A  specimen  collected  on  fig  bush,  April  4. 
Oncideres  cingulata  Say.     The  work  of  this  beetle  is  very  notice- 
able on  pecan  twigs.     Its  work  has  also  been  observed  on 

blue   beech. 

Hippopsis  lemniscatus    Fabr.     Breeds  in   stems   of  ragweed    (Am- 
brosia),  Aug.   6. 

Saperda  vestita  Say.     An  undated  specimen  (J.  R.  W.). 
Ataxia  crypta  Say.     Several  undated  specimens  (J.  R.  W.). 
Oberea  bimaculatus  Oliv.     An  undated  specimen  (J.  R.   vV.). 
Oberea  ocellata  var.  plagiata  Casey.     Taken  in  hammock,  May  23- 

July  5. 

(To  be  continued.) 


Dragonfly  Larva  Feeding  on  a  Living  Snake  (Odon.). 

On  the  property  of  F.  H.  Kennard,  Newton,  Massachusetts,  in  a 
tank  with  a  basin  making  a  sort  of  aquarium,  a  dragonfly  larva,  i-il/t 
inches  long,  bit  pieces  out  of  a  water  snake  about  12  inches  long.  The 
snake  died  or  was  killed  because  of  the  wounds  shortly  afterward. — 
C.  W.  FROST,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


336  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov., 'l8 

A  New  Tyroglyphid  for  Western  Montana  (Acar.).* 
By  ERNEST  CARROLL  FAUST,  Ph.D.,  University  of  Illinois. 

(Plate  XIX.) 

Among  the  parasites  found  by  the  writer  on  the  Balsam- 
root  plant,  Balsawiorrhiza  sagittata,  in  Western  Montana,  was 
the  interesting  mite  described  in  this  paper.  The  creature 
was  found  in  Missoula,  in  June,  1916,  gnawing  and  sucking  the 
juicy  parts  of  the  new  leaves.  Neither  the  rootstock  nor  the 
underground  stem  was  infected,  nor  were  any  other  plants  in 
the  vicinity  attacked  by  this  acarinid. 

The  mite  belongs  to  the  Family  Tyroglyphidae  and  to  the 
genus  Rhizoglyphus.  It  is  most  nearly  related  to  the  species 
R.  hyacinthi  (Boisduval)  and  R.  rhlsophagus  Banks,  both  of 
which  have  been  reported  for  the  same  locality  (Cooley  191,4, 
Banks  1906).  However,  marked  differences  in  several  points 
of  structure  in  this  mite  justify  the  creation  of  a  new  species. 

Rhizoglyphus  sagittatae   nov.    spec.    (PI.   XIX). 

Ovate  oblong,  creamy  yellow  in  color,  with  a  thin  chitinous  covering. 
9  ,  0.5  mm.  long  by  0.26  mm.  wide ;  $  ,  0.47  mm.  long  by  0.24  mm.  wide. 
The  rostral  platform  stretches  forward  considerably  anterior  to  the 
main  cephalic  portion  of  the  body.  On  the  dorsum  of  this  structure 
is  a  single  pair  of  prominent  bristles.  On  each  side  just  behind  ap- 
pendage II  is  a  single  projecting  bristle.  In  the  posterior  region  of  the 
abdomen  are  three  pairs  of  bristles,  one  ventral  and  two  slightly  dorsal. 
The  cephalothorax  is  separated  from  the  abdomen  dorsally  by  a 
distinct  sutural  groove. 

One  of  the  distinguishing  features  of  the  species,  both  male  and 
female,  is  the  character  of  the  appendage  spines.  They  are  flat  plates, 
broadly  elliptic  at  the  distal  end,  and  fit  deeply  into  the  appendage  at 
the  proximal  end.  The  characteristic  sickle-shaped  grasping  spine  at 
the  end  of  the  tarsi  in  the  female  and  at  the  end  of  tarsi  I,  II  and  IV 
in  the  male  is  also  plate-like  and  broadly  lunar. 

Tarsi  I  and  II  of  both  sexes  have  an  apical  crest,  consisting  of  one 
lunar  grasping  spine  and  five  elliptic  spines.  There  is  a  single  short 
bristle  arising  from  their  midst.  From  the  tibia  of  segments  I  and  II 
arise  a  large  tactile  bristle  on  the  outside  and  an  elliptic  spine  on  the 
inside.  The  genual  bears  a  single  inconspicuous  bristle  on  its  outer 
margin.  Tarsi  I  and  II  are  appressed,  so  that  they  are  broader  than 
long.  Tarsi  III  and  IV  in  the  female  and  IV  in  the  male  are,  on  the 

*  Contributions  from  the  Zoological  Laboratory  of  the  University 
of  Illinois  under  the  Direction  of  Henry  B.  Ward. 


ENT.  NKWS,  VOL.  XXIX 


Plate  XIX. 


6  /        \    7  8     \   \  -S 

NEW    TYROGLYPHlD,    RHIZOGLYPHU3    SAGlTTATAE. -FAUST. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  337 

other  hand,  longer  than  broad.  They  bear  a  stout  lunar  grasping 
spine,  a  single  elliptic  spine  on  the  outer  side  and  three  slightly  smaller 
spines  on  the  inner  side.  There  are  no  bristles  on  tarsi  III  and  IV. 
The  tactile  bristle  of  segments  III  and  IV  is  small  and  inconspicuous. 
The  tibia  bears  no  spine  in  appendages  III  and  IV  of  the  female  or  in 
appendage  IV  of  the  male.  Genuals  III  and  IV  of  the  female  bear  a 
single  small  bristle  pointed  outward.  The  third  appendage  of  the  male 
is  heteromorphic  (Fig.  6).  The  tarsus  is  practically  reduced  to  a  very 
large  median  hastate  spine  and  a  pair  of  smaller  auxiliary  spines.  The 
tibia  of  male  appendage  III  bears  a  small  tactile  bristle  and  a  short 
broad  spine. 

The  palpus  of  the  prehypopid  nymph  is  slender  and  its  tarsus  is 
crowned  with  several  small  bristles  (Fig.  8).  This  appendage  changes 
in  the  adult  mite,  so  that  it  is  shortened  and  broadened,  while  the 
tarsus  is  bluntly  triangular  and  heavily  chitinized  (Fig.  9).  As  in 
other  Tyroglyphidae,  the  mandibles  are  chelate  without  any  marked 
dentitions. 

The  gravid  female  has  from  one  to  four  large  eggs,  measuring  about 
170  by  90  /j..  The  shell  of  the  egg  is  moderately  thick  (Fig.  5).  The 
contents  of  the  egg  consist  of  large,  highly  refractive  granules,  irreg- 
ularly oval  in  contour.  The  vulva  is  situated  far  cephalad  between 
appendages  III  and  IV.  Around  it  is  a  broad  horse-shoe  shaped  chiti- 
nous  band,  distinctly  crenate  anterior  to  the  vulva.  On  this  band  are 
two  pairs  of  genital  suckers.  The  anus  in  the  female  is  anterior  to 
the  ventral  bristles. 

The  male  is  characterized  also  by  the  genital  suckers.  In  addition 
the  copulatory  suckers,  entirely  postanal,  are  conspicuous.  They  have 
a  large  central  cavity  (Fig.  7).  Only  heteromorphic  males  have  been 
found. 

Type  specimens  are  in  the  collection  of  the  writer,  Nos.  18.  i 
and  18.2. 

Immature  Stages. — There  is  a  distinct  hypopus.  The  prehypopid 
stage  is  a  delicate  creamy  yellow  octopod,  whereas  the  hypopus  has  a 
heavy  brownish  yellow  chitinous  covering.  The  hypopus  measures  0.26 
mm.  long  by  0.16  mm.  wide.  The  cephalothorax  and  abdomen  are 
approximately  equal.  They  are  separated  ventrally  by  a  transverse 
suture.  Appendages  I  and  II  are  considerably  larger  than  III  and  IV. 
Tarsi  I  and  II  are  acute,  ending  in  a  spine.  The  round  sucking  plate 
at  the  posterior  part  of  the  ventrum  consists  of  two  inner  rows  of  three 
suckers  each  and  two  outer  rows  of  one  sucker  each.  In  addition, 
there  is  a  pair  of  suckers  anterior  to  the  plate. 

The  relation  of  R.  sac/it tatac  to  R.  Ji\acintlii  and  R.  rhizo- 
phagus  is  shown  in  the  following  table: 


338 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS 


[Nov.,'iS 


Legs. 


Tarsus  I 

Tarsi  I  and  II 


Tarsus  IV. 


Male. 


Bristles  of  female. 


Tarsus  of  hypopus 

Suctorial  plate  of  hypo- 
pus 


R,  sagittatae. 


short  stout 
broader  than  long 

with  one  stiff  bristle ; 
with  five  elliptic  spine 
plates 

two  and  one-half  times 
as  long  as  broad;  four 
spined, noapical  hairs 

heteromorphic,  leg  III 
thickened  ;  terminal 
spine  not  sickle  sha- 
ped ;  one  large  and 
two  elliptic  flat  spine 
plates 

six  dorsal  abdominal 
near  tip,  two  ventral 
abdominal  postanal 


terminated  by  long 
claw 

two  inner  rows  of  three 
suckers,  two  outer 
rows  of  one  sucker, 
one  pair  anterior  to 
plate 


R.  hyacinthi. 


short,  stout 
longer  than  broad 


R.  rhizophagus 


short,  stout 
longer  than  broad 


with  two  bristles  ;  with  with  two  bristles  ;  with 
four  acutely  pointed  five  acutely  pointed 
short  spines  short  spines 

three  times  as  long  as  three  times  as  long  as 


broad;   three  spined. 
two  apical  hairs 


broad  ;  three  spined, 
two  apical  hairs 


heteromorphic,  leg   III   homomorphic,    leg    III 


thickened ;     terminal 
spine  sickle-shaped 


six  dorsal  abdominal 
near  tip,  four  sub- 
equal  ventral  abdo- 
minal 

terminated  by  stout  sin- 
gle claw 

two  longitudinal  rows 
of  three  suckers,  me- 
dian one  largest,  one 
outer  row  of  one  suc- 
ker, four  corner  suc- 
ers 


not  thickened,  termi" 
nal  spine  sickle-sha- 
ped 


eight  dorsal  abdominal 
near  tip,  four  sub- 
equal  ventral  abdo- 
minal 


The  various  species  of  the  genus  Rhizoglyphus  are  noted  for 
their  root-  or  bulb-eating  propensity.  The  cosmopolitan 
species,  R.  Jiyacinthi,  is  a  serious  pest  to  a  great  number  of 
cultivated  bulbs  (Michael  1903).  Tt  was  at  first  thought  that 
this  mite  was  merely  a  saprophyte  or  at  most  a  parasite  of 
pathological  tissues.  But  the  recurrent  finding  of  the  creature 
in  otherwise  healthy  bulbs  has  caused  the  acarologist  to  dis- 
card that  view  and  to  consider  it  as  a  primary  parasite.  R. 
sagittatae  is  not  a  parasite  of  the  root  or  underground  stem 
of  Balsamorrhisa  sagittata.  It  is,  on  the  contrary,  always 
above  ground,  securing  its  nourishment  from  the  aerial  por- 
tion of  the  plant  at  the  season  when  the  leaves  are  succulent 
and  juicy.  It  was  even  found  on  young  seedlings  some 
twenty  to  forty  days  old,  taken  from  the  field.  R.  sagittatae  is 


Vol.  Xxix  |  ENTOMOI.MC.ICAJ,    NEWS  339 

not  an  internal  borer,  channeling  subdermal  passageways,  as 
R.  hyacinthi  is.  Moreover,  this  species  has  always  been  found 
as  a  parasite  on  an  indigenous  plant,  common  to  the  Western 
uplands,  while  other  rhizoglyphids  described  from  this  con- 
tinent have  been  found  on  cultivated  roots  and  bulbs,  usually 
imported  stock.  This  fact  argues  favorably  for  the  indi- 
geneity  of  R.  sagiltatae. 

Records  of  Rhizoglyphus  species  as  human  parasites  are 
not  wanting.  Dalgetty  (1901)  has  shown  that  a  dermatitis  of 
coolies  in  the  Indian  tea  fields  during  the  wet  season  is  at- 
tributable to  a  mite  which  has  been  designated  as  Rhizoglyphus 
parasiticus.  However,  the  presence  of  a  sessile  caroncle,  the 
lack  of  a  distinct  suture  between  cephalothorax  and  abdomen, 
the  absence  of  heteromorphic  males,  and  the  plumose  struc- 
ture of  some  of  the  spines,  practically  exclude  this  species 
from  the  genus  Rhisoglyphus.  Similar  records  in  the  United 
States  (Pepper,  Schnauss  and  Smith  1908)  attribute  cases  of 
intestinal  dysentery  to  a  mite  "either  identical  with  or  more 
probably  a  closely  related  species  to  Rhisoglyphus  parasiticus 
Dalgetty."  While  the  latter  acarinid  more  nearly  conforms 
to  the  tenus  Rhizoglyphus,  the  data  are  too  meagre  to  assign 
it  to  a  definite  systematic  position.  On  the  whole,  true  parasit- 
ism of  Rhisoglyphus  in  man  is  questionable  and  not  at  all  a 
settled  fact. 

SUMMARY. 

1.  A    new    Tyroglyphid,    Rhizoglyphus    sagittatac,    is    de- 
scribed  from  western   Montana.     It  is  closely   related  to  R. 
rhisophagus  and  R.  hyacinthi,  but  is  distinguished  by  the  el- 
liptic plate-like  appendage  spines  and  the  paucity  of  bristles  on 
the  appendages. 

2.  The  mite  is  superficially  parasitic  on  the  aerial  portions 
of  an  indigenous  plant  of  the  western  range,  Balsamorrliiza 
sagittata. 

3.  The  study  of  this  species  tends  to  show  a  wide  diversity 
of  the  genus  Rhizoglyphus. 


34O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,  'l8 

LITERATURE  CITED. 

BANKS.  N.  1906.  A  Revision  of  the  Tyroglyphidae  of  the  United 
States.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agr.,  Bur.  Ent.,  Tech.  Ser.  13.  34  pp.,  6  pi. 

COOLEY,  R.  A.  1914.  Eleventh  Annual  Report  of  the  State  Ento- 
mologist of  Montana.  Bull.  Mont.  Agr.  Coll.  Exp.  Sta.,  No.  98. 

13  PP- 
DALGETTY,  A.   B.     1901.     Water-itch,  or   Sore  Feet  of  Coolies.     Jour. 

Trop.  Med.,  4;  73-77;  I  pi. 
MICHAEL,  A.  D.     1903.     British  Tyroglyphidae.     II.    London.     183  pp., 

20  pi. 
PEPPER,  W.,    SCHNAUSS,   F.    S.,   AND   SMITH,   A.   J.      1908.     Transient 

Parasitism  in  Man  by  a  Species  of  Rhizoglyphus.     Univ.  Penn. 

Med.  Bull.,  21  :  274-277. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XIX. 
All  the  figures  are  of  Rhizoglyphus  sagittatac. 

Fig.  i— Adult  female,  X  140.  Fig.  5 — Egg,  X    180. 

Fig.  2 — Hypopus,  X  140.  Fig.  6— Appendage    III    of    male, 

Fig.  3 — Appendage   III  of   female,  X  440. 

X   440.  Fig.  7 — Posterior  ventrum  of  male. 

Fig.  4 — Appendage    I    of    female,  Fig.  8— Prehypopid  palpus,  X  140. 

X   440.  Fig.  9 — Palpus,  adult  female,  X  440. 


Proterandry  and  Flight  of  Bees  (Hym.)- 

By  CHARLES  ROBERTSON,  Carlinville,  Illinois. 

That  bees  are  proterandrous,  the  males  appearing  before 
the  females,  seems  to  be  well  known.1  But  it  does  not  seem 
to  be  so  well  known,  if  at  all,  that  the  females  fly  a  consider- 
able time  after  the  males  disappear.  In  the  Bombidae  and 
Halictidae,  except  Proteraner,  the  females  live  all  winter  and 
come  out  in  the  spring.  They  belong  to  the  males  which  pre- 
ceded them  in  the  fall  before.  But  these  two  families  are 
excluded  here  on  account  of  the  difficulty  in  distinguishing  the 
broods. 

Of  229  other  local  bees  184  (80.3  per  cent.)  are  known  in 
both  sexes.  As  far  as  observed,  they  begin  and  end  their 
flight  as  follows: 

JSee  Loew,  "Blumenbesuch  von  Insekten  an  Freilandpflanzen,"  /:  68, 
note  2.  1884. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  34! 

Begin 
Males  and 

Males  females  Females 

first  together  first 

69.0  12.5  18.5 

End 

Males  and 

Females  females  Alales 

last  together  last 

87.5  2.1  10.3 

The  females  are  first  in  only  18.5  per  cent,  of  the  cases  and 
the  males  last  in  only  10.3  per  cent. 

The  males  were  observed  first  in  127  cases  and  the  females 
last  in  161.  This  accords  with  the  probabilities,  for  the  males 
average  9.6  days  before  the  females,  while  the  females  average 
22  days  later  than  the  males. 

In  112  cases,  60.8  per  cent,  of  those  in  which  both  sexes 
are  known,  the  males  are  first  and  the  females  last.  Of  these 
109  are  taken  as  about  correct,  and  normal,  and  three  are  ex- 
cluded here  as  incomplete.  The  following  table  gives  the  num- 
ber of  normal  species  in  each  group  and  the  average  number 
of  days  under  each  heading: 

Nor-     Males  Females  Spe- 

mal    precede  follow    Males       Females        cies 

Prosopis 3  11.3  21.0  143.0  152.6  164.0 

Colletcs    7  6.5  15.5  63.7  72.7  79.2 

Andrenidae     16  6.8  22.5  33.6  49.4  56.2 

Other  short-tongued  bees  7  6.0  26.1  29.8  50.0  56.0 

Osmiinae    10  10.6  28.0  44.3  61.7  72.3 

Megachilinae     10  6.5  25.1  63.8  82.4  88.9 

Coelioxys    4  12.2  20.2  65.5  73.5  85.7 

Stelididae    3  18.0  21.3  53.6  57.0  75.0 

Nomadidae    1 1  9.1  22.2  35.8  49.0  58.0 

Epeolidae  and  Melectidae    ...  11  10.0  17.5  47.4  55.0  65.0 

Tctralonia     4  3-7  14-0  37-2  47-5  51-2 

Other  Euceridae    18  10.8  12.1  59.0  60.2  71.1 

Other  long-tongued  bees 5  10.4  17.8  58.4  65.8  76.2 

Total    109  8.9  20.1  50.8  62.0  71.1 

The  males  fly  a  shorter  time  before  the  females  appear 
than  the  females  do  after  the  males  disappear,  and  conse- 
quently have  a  shorter  flight.  In  109  cases  there  are  only  27 


342  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov., 'l8 

exceptions.  But  as  regards  the  exceptions,  the  presumption  is 
that  the  observations  are  incomplete.  Accordingly  the  average 
flight  given  in  the  table  is  too  short  for  the  females  and  the 
species. 

As  a  rule  the  early  groups  have  a  shorter  flight  than  the 
late  ones :  the  Andrenidae  than  the  Panurgidae,  the  Osmiinae 
than  the  Megachilinae,  Nomadidae  than  other  Melectoidea, 
Tetralonia  than  other  Puceridae.  But  Prosopls  has  a  longer 
flight  than  Collctcs,  and  the  Dasygastrae,  although  earlier, 
have  a  longer  flight  than  the  other  long-tongued  bees. 

In  the  case  of  72  Pygidialia :  23  short-tongued  species  have 
an  early  maximum  and  average  56.1  days;  27  long-tongued 
hosts  have  a  late  maximum  and  average  68.0  days ;  while  22 
long-tongued  inquilines  average  61.6  days.  In  the  case  in 
which  the  inquilines  are  known  they  have  a  shorter  flight 
than  their  hosts. 

As  regards  their  beginning,  the  Andrenidae  are  quite  pe- 
culiar, so  that  they  essentially  modify  the  general  result.  Com- 
pare : 

Begin 
Males  and 

Males      females  Females 

first  .    together  first                                  Total 

Andrenidae     42.5             30.0  27.5                                          4° 

Other  bees 76.3              7-6  15.9                                      H4 

.According  to  Schmiedeknecht  (Loew  /.  r.)  Andrena  clark- 
clla  is  proterogynous.  According  to  my  observations  the  local 
species -fall  into  the  following  three  sets: 

Protcrandrous ;  Andrena  erythronii,  salicacea,  sayi,  erythrogastra, 
pruni,  dunningii,  geranii,  Ptilandrena  g.  maculati,  Opandrena  cressonii, 
Trachandrena  forbesii,  rugosa,  crataegi,  Pterandrena  krigiana,  rud- 
beckiae,  pulchella,  helianthi,  asteris. 

"Synchronous:  Andrena  salicis,  carlini,  illinoensis,  nubecula,  salic- 
taria,  platyparia,  Ptilandrena  polemonii,  Parandrena  andrenoides, 
Opandrena  personata,  ziziae,  Trachandrena  claytoniae,  Pterandrena 
soKdaginis. 

Proterogyhous:  Andrena  mandibularis,  nasonii,  Ptilandrena  eri- 
geniae,  lomelissa  violae,  Opandrena  bipunctata,  serotina,  Trachandrena 
mariae,  nuda,  hippotcs,  spiraeana,  aliciae. 


'Vol.  Xkix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  343 

A  New  Genus  and  Two  New  Species  of  Tettigids 

(Orthoptera),  with  a  Note  on  Nomotettix 

borealis  Walker. 

By  J.  L.  HANCOCK,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

(Plate  XX.) 

Two  new  tettigids  from  the  southern  United  States  herewith 
described,  are  noteworthy  as  representing  a  new  genus  closely 
allied  to  Neotctti.v  Hancock.  Rehn  and  Hebard  recently 
recorded1  under  the  genus  Neotettix  another  species  called 
proavns,  from  Georgia  and  North  Carolina,  which  properly 
belongs  to  this  new  genus  ;  so  that  three  species,  one  of  which 
might  possibly  be  a  race,  are  known  within  our  borders.  Of 
these  three  species,  nitllisinns,  from  Brownsville,  Texas,  is 
selected  because  of  its  clearly  defined  characters,  as  the  type 
of  the  genus,  to  which  I  have  given  the  name  Cavotettix.  All 
three  members  of  the  genus,  namely :  Cavotettix  nullisinus  sp. 
nov.,  Cavotettix  proavus  Rehn  and  Hebard,  and  Cavotettix 
aptcrus  sp.  nov.,  are  easily  separated  from  members  of  the 
genus  Neotettix. 

CAVOTETTIX  penus  nov. 

Somewhat  resembling  in  general  aspect  the  genus  Neotettix 
Hancock  in  the  small  size,  the  abbreviated  pronotum,  and  the 
wide  and  nonproduced  vertex  as  viewed  from  above,  but 
differing  as  follows :  the  body  apterous  or  subapterous ;  the 
median  carina  of  the  vertex  more  compressed ;  the  somewhat 
wider  scutellate  frontal  costa  ;  in  the  tectate  dorsum,  with  the 
median  carina  of  the  pronotum  compressed-cristate.  This 
genus  is  also  differentiated  by  the  broad  scapular  area  at 
the  sides  of  the  pronotum  ;  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum 
'  bearing  but  one  deep  and  angular  excavate  sinus,  the  superior 
tegtninal  sinus  being  vestigial  or  entirely  obliterated ;  the  teg- 
mina  either  absent,  or  minute,  vestigial :  the  wings  absent  or 
rudimentary,  normally  covered  from  view  ;  the  first  joint  of 
the  hind  tarsi  nearly  twice  the  length  of  the  second  and  third 
combined. 


1  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sciences,  pp.   139,  140,   HH(>,  jilaU-  XII,  Figs.  1-2. 


344  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov., 'l8 

This  genus  borders  on  the  Cladonotinae,  as  evidenced  by 
the  widely  forked  scutellate  frontal  costa ;  however,  the  other 
general  characters  present,  perhaps,  a  greater  leaning  toward 
the  Tettiginae. 

Type:    Cavotetti.r  nullisinus  sp.  nov. 

Cavotettix  nullisinus  sp.  nov.   (PI.  XX,  figs.   1,  la). 

9  . — Description  drawn  from  type.  Stature  moderately  small,  above 
coarsely  granulate-rugose,  sparingly  scattered  with  tubercles  on  the 
disc  of  the  pronotum. 

Antennae  short,  eyes  moderately  small  but  prominent,  head  having 
the  cheeks  depressed  below  the  antennae.  Vertex  nearly  twice  the 
width  of  one  of  the  eyes,  the  median  carina  prominent,  compressed 
and  elevated  above  the  eyes,  arcuate  and  forming  with  the  frontal 
costa  a  subrounded  advanced  profile,  yet  flattened  in  front  and  sub- 
sinuate  between  the  eyes  and  below  at  the  median  ocellus ;  frontal 
carinulae  of  vertex  interrupted  and  open  in  front  on  each  side  next  to 
the  median  carina,  but  outwardly  curved  and  little  compressed  at  the 
sides  next  to  the  eyes ;  surface  of  vertex  between  the  eyes  fossulate 
forward  and  mammilate  backward  on  each  side,  the  occiput  partly 
covered  behind ;  frontal  costa  widely  forked,  sulcate  and  divergent 
above  between  the  eyes,  widely  separated  and  scutellate  between  the 
antennae,  between  the  latter,  and  below,  the  rami  subparallel. 

Pronotum  with  the  dorsum  strongly  tectiform,  coarsely  granulate- 
rugose  ;  median  carina  sharply  compressed,  translucent,  arcuate  for- 
ward before  the  shoulders,  longitudinally  flattened  over  the  middle 
area,  and  convex  declivent  toward  the  pronotal  apex ;  dorsal  front 
margin  of  pronotum  truncate ;  lateral  carinae  conspicuous,  the  humeral 
angles  very  obtuse  angulate ;  hind  process  stout,  abbreviated,  scarcely 
reaching  to  the  knees  of  the  hind  femora;  the  lateral  margins  gradually 
convergent  backward  to  near  the  apex,  where  they  more  abruptly  con- 
verge to  form  an  acute  angle  with  an  obtuse  subtruncate  apex,  not 
at  all  emarginate  ;  the  anterior  prozonal  carinae  behind  the  front  border 
little  elevated  and  parallel ;  sides  of  pronotal  process  with  a  broad 
somewhat  undulate  scapular  area,  widest  above  the  articulation  of  the 
hind  femora,  narrowing  backward  to  the  apex ;  lateral  lobes  of  pro- 
notum posteriorly  bearing  only  one  large  inferior  sinus,  deeply  angularly 
excavate ;  the  superior  or  tegminal  sinus  rudimentary,  represented  by 
a  slight  excavation  nearly  the  length  of  the  tegmina,  and  with  a  very 
indistinct  notching  forward ;  posterior  angles  of  the  lateral  lobes 
broadly  rounded  externally,  the  lateral  inferior  margins  little  dilated. 

Tegmina  visible  but  very  minute,  the  part  showing  narrow,  and 
nearly  twice  the  length  of  one  of  the  eyes,  but  lying  partly  covered  in 
the  recess  of  the  vestigial  sinus ;  wings  rudimentary,  only  extending 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  345 

beyond  the  tegmina  about  the  length  of  the  latter,  but  normally  covered 
by  the  hind  process. 

Fore  femoral  margins  above  entire,  below  subundulate ;  middle  fem- 
ora little  compressed,  margins  minutely  crenulate,  very  indistinctly 
undulate  above  and  below ;  hind  femora  robust,  the  superior  marginal 
carina  crenulate,  terminating  in  a  pregenital  tooth  but  not  sharp ;  and 
an  inconspicuous  genicular  eminence  ;  the  outer  pagina  rugose  granu- 
late, bearing  on  the  outer  face  above  a  series  of  large  oblique  granu- 
late tubercles;  first  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi  very  much  longer  than 
the  second  and  third  combined. 

Length  of  body,  9  mm.;  pronotum,  7  mm.;  hind  femora,  5  mm. 

Habitat.     Brownsville,  Texas.     (Townsend). 
T\f>c :    9    Brownsville,  Texas,  in  my  collection. 

Cavotettix  apterus  sp.  nov.  or  race  (Plate  XX,  figs.  2-2c). 

9  .—Description  of  type.  Resembling  Cavotettix  proavus  Rehn  & 
Hebard  in  the  form  of  the  vertex  and  wide  frontal  scutellum ;  size 
slightly  smaller,  apterous,  the  hind  femora  more  elongate ;  body  above 
granulate,  slightly  rugose,  sparingly  sprinkled  with  coarser  granu- 
lations. 

Pronotum  having  the  dorsum  compressed,  angulate  produced  forward 
over  the  head  to  the  middle  of  the  eyes  ;  the  median  carina  of  dorsum 
cristate,  quite  highly  arcuate  longitudinally,  highest  between  the  shoul- 
ders, and  bearing  small  translucent  punctulations  when  viewed  against 
the  light,  such  as  occurs  in  Nomotctti.v  cnmprcssus  Morse;  the  dorsal 
prozonal  carinae  behind  the  anterior  border  nearly  parallel,  yet  sub- 
convergent  backward ;  surface  between  the  shoulders  granulate,  with 
no  indications  of  elevated  ridges  as  in  proarns;  lateral  lobes  of  the 
pronotum  with  but  one  inferior  sinus,  the  usual  superior  tegminal  sinus 
entirely  obliterated,  and  completely  obsolete  (in  proarns  represented 
by  a  notch,  in  nullisinus  by  a  slightly  wider  shallow  excavation)  ;  the 
scapular  areas  between  the  lateral  carina  and  inferior  margin  at  the 
sides  of  the  pronotum  substraight,  very  broad  forward,  wider  than  in 
nnllisinns,  the  inferior  margin  near  the  sinus  dilated  opposite  the  artic- 
ulation of  the  hind  femora,  from  this  point  backward  the  margins  of 
the  scapular  area  gradually  contracted  to  near  the  apex  of  pronotum  ; 
the  blunt  apex  of  the  latter  reaching  backward  beyond  the  middle  of 
the  hind  knees  nearly  to  their  apices. 

Tegmina  and  wings  absent,  or  entirely  hidden  from  view ;  a  very 
minute  vestigial  tegmen,  almost  hidden,  appears  on  one  side  only  in 
the  male  allotype. 

Hind  femora  much  less  robust  and  more  elongate  than  in  proavus, 
the  greatest  diameter  forward  contained  over  two  and  one-half  times 
in  the  length;  first  joint  of  hind  tarsi  nearly  twice  the  length  of  the 
second  and  third  combined. 


346  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [Nov., 'l8 

Length  of  the  body,  9.5  mm. ;  pronotum,  8.5  mm. ;  hind  femora,  5.5 
mm. 

$  . — A  male  paratype  measures  :  body,  8.5  mm. ;  pronotum,  7.5  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  5  mm. 

This  form  may  be  only  a  race  or  variety,  of  proavus,  yet 
the  several  characters  which  differentiate  it  warrants  its  de- 
scription as  a  distinct  species. 

Habitat,  Clarksville,  Tennessee  (Blatchley). 

Type  $  and  allotype  $ ,  Clarksville,  Tennessee,  in  the  col- 
lection of  W.  S.  Blatchley. 

Differential  Synopsis  of  the  Species  of  Covotctii.v. 

1  (2)   Crest  of  pronotum  moderately  low ;  dorsal  front  margin  trun- 

cate or  nearly  so,  partly  covering  occiput,  but  not  reaching  to  the 
middle  of  the  eyes;  minute  tegmina  of  female  much  longer  than 
one  of  the  eyes ;  median  carina  of  vertex  strongly  compressed  and 
prominent;  median  carina  of  pronotum  thinly  cristate,  arcuate  and 
translucent  forward,  longitudinally  lower  over  the  middle  area, 

Cavotettix  nullisinus  sp.  nov. 

2  (l)   Crest    of    pronotum    rather    high;    dorsal    front    margin    obtuse 

angulate  reaching  over  the  head  to  the  middle  of  the  eyes. 

3  (4)   Hind  femora  distinctly  elongate ;  superior  tegminal  sinus  of  the 

lateral  lobes  obliterated;  tegmina  absent  in  female  (or  when  pres- 
ent in  male  very  minute,  vestigial)  ;  wings  absent;  scapular  area  at 
the  sides  of  the  pronotum  substraight,  very  broad  and  slightly 
dilated  forward Cavotettix  apterus  sp.  nov.  or  race. 

4  (3)   Hind   femora  moderately   robust;    superior   tegminal   sinus   rep- 

resented by  a  notch;  tegmina  of  female  about  as  long  as  one  of 
the  eyes ;  absent  in  the  male ;  scapular  area  not  dilated  forward, 

Cavotettix  praams  Rehn  &  Hebard. 

THE  STATUS  OF  NOMOTETTIX  BOREALIS  WALKER. 

Some  years  ago  when  E.  M.  Walker1  described  the  species 
Nomotettlx  borealis,  I  was  led  to  believe  that  this  species  was 
the  same  as  Nomvtettix  sinnfrons  Hancock,  described  ten 
vears  before.2  After  a  recent  reference  to  this  species  by 
Rehn  and  Hebard3  where  a  synopsis  of  borealis  is  again  given 
after  a  study  of  the  type,  I  am  more  than  ever  satisfied  that 
borealis  and  sinnfrons  are  identical.  The  type  of  sinnfrons 
in  my  collection  is  from  St.  Anthony  Park,  Minnesota,  while 
Walker's  type  came  from  the  Temagami  District,  Ontario. 


ENT.  NKWS,  VOL.  XXIX. 


Plate  XX. 


2a 


NEW    TETTIGIDS. -HANCOCK. 

•\--\A,  CAVOTETTIX    NULLISINUS;     2-2C,  C.   APTERUS. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  347 

According  to  my  conclusion,  without  having  seen  the  type, 
the  name  borealls  falls  as  a  synonym.4 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XX. 

Fig.  I.     Cavotettix  nullisinus  sp.  nov.      9  .     Profile  view;  drawn  from 

type   in   the  author's  collection. 

Fig.  10.     Same,  dorsal  aspect,  head  and  fore  part  of  pronotum. 
Fig.  2.     Cavolettix  aptcrus  sp.  nov.      9  .     Profile  view ;   drawn   from 

type  in   the  collection  of   W.    S.    Blatchley. 

Fig.  20.     Same,  dorsal  aspect  of  head  and  fore  part  of  pronotum. 
Fig.  2b.     Same,  face. 
Fig.  2c.    Same,  hind  leg. 


On  a  Long- Winged  or  Caudate  Phase  of  Neotettix 

proavus  Rehn  and  Hebard  (Orth.). 
By  HENRY  Fox,  Entomological  Assistant,  U.  S.  Bureau  of 

Entomology.* 

In  1916  Rehn  and  Hebard  described  Neotetti.v  proavus  on 
the  basis  of  five  specimens  from  the  southeastern  United 
States. f  It  is  very  evident  from  the  remarks  of  these  authors 
that  they  had  to  do  solely  with  material  in  which  the  tegmina 
and  wings  were  greatly  reduced  and  with  the  caudal  pro- 
longation of  the  'pronotum  not  exceeding  the  tip  of  the  abdo- 
men. During  the  early  summer  of  1917  the  present  writer 
found  this  species  not  uncommon  locally  in  wooded  areas  in 
the  vicinity  of  Clarksville,  Montgomery  County,  Tennessee. 
Most  of  the  specimens  collected  at  this  locality,  and  now  in 
the  collection  of  the  writer  and  of  the  local  -field  station  of 
the  Bureau,  agree  with  the  form  described  by  Rehn  and  He- 

JCan.  Ent,  XLI,  p.  173,  1909. 

^Ent.  News.  p.  278.  i8oQ. 

s  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc..  p.  127.  1916. 

4  No  answer  was  received  from  Dr.  Walker  to  a  letter  asking  for 
the  loan  of  his  type  for  examination.  Very  recently  Blatchley  received 
from  Walker'one  of  his  two  specimens  of  AT.  borcalis,  and  finds,  as  I 
have  above  noted,  that  it  is  the  same  as  my  slnnfrons. 

*  Published  by  permission  of  the  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Entomology. 

fProc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  Phila.,  LXVIII,  pp.  137-141. 


348 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS 


[Nov.,  '18 


bard,' but  there  are  two  specimens  in  the  lot  which  are  interest- 
ing as  representing  a  long-winged  or  caudate  phase  of  this 
species. 

Both  of  these  specimens  are  females.  One  is  shown  herewith  in  the 
accompanying  figure.  With  this  should  be  compared  the  view  of  a  typi- 
cal, short-winged  individual  as  shown  in  Figure  i,  plate  XII,  of  Rehn 
and  Hebard's  paper  already  cited.  It  will  be  observed  that,  in  marked 
contrast  to  the  latter,  the  form  figured  here  has  the  tegmina  quite  well 
developed  and  external  in  position,  whereas  in  the  typical  form  they 
are  greatly  reduced  and  concealed  from  view  beneath  the  pronotum. 
Correlated  with  the  presence  of  well-developed  tegmina  is  the  presence 


Neotettix  proavus  R.  and  H.,  long-winged  phase. 

of  a  clearly  defined  superior  sinus  on  the  caudal  margin  of  the  lateral 
lobe  of  the  pronotum.  This  margin  is  therefore  clearly  bisinuate  in 
the  long-winged  phase.  In  the  typical  phase  the  superior  sinus  is  so 
inconspicuous  that  Rehn  and  Hebard  have  ventured  to  describe  this 
margin  as  unisinuate.  Other  differences  between  the  two  phases — • 
such  as  those  in  the  degree  of  development  of  the  wings  and  in  the 
caudal  extension  of  the  pronotum — are  evident  from  a  glance  at  the 
figures. 

It  is  obvious  that  the  discovery  of  this  long-winged  phase 
of  Neotetti.r  proavus  necessitates  some  modification  in  the 
statement  of  the  differential  characters  of  the  species  as  given 
by  Rehn  and  Hebard  in  their  key  to  the  species  of  this  genus 
(op.  cited,  p.  138).  Thus,  as  already  intimated,  the  assertion 
therein  that  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum  have  the  caudal 
margin  unisinuate  applies  strictly  only  to  the  typical  form ; 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  349 

in  the  long-winged  form  this  margin  is  clearly  bisinuate,  as 
in  most  Tettiginae.  The  further  assertion  in  the  key  that 
the  tegmina  in  the  female  are  hidden  under  the  pronotum  is 
also  true  only  of  the  typical  form  of  the  species.  The  last 
differential  character  mentioned  in  the  key,  namely,  the  strong- 
ly arcuate  and  sublamellate  form  of  the  pronotal  median  cari- 
na  applies  to  both  the  typical  and  the  long-winged  form.  To 
the  mind  of  the  present  writer  the  most  reliable  and  con- 
venient character  for  separating  Neotettir  proavns  from  other 
members  of  the  same  genus  is  the  form  of  the  frontal  costa, 
which  appears  to  be  quite  constant  in  all  the  specimens  ex- 
amined and  has  been  fully  and  clearly  described  by  the  authors 
named. 


The  Alleged  Occurrence  of  a  Seasonal  Dimorphism 
in  the  Females  of  Certain  Species  of  Mealy 

Bugs  (Hemiptera  ;  Coccidae). 
By  G.  F.  FERRIS,  Stanford  University,  California. 

It  has  been  asserted  by  various  authors  that  the  females 
of  certain  species  of  Phcnacoccus  and  Pscndococcus  are  sea- 
sonally dimorphic.  It  is  said  that  in  these  species  the  winter 
female  is  viviparous  and  possesses  a  smaller  number  of  anten- 
nal  segments  than  does  the  summer  female,  which  is  oviparous. 
As  far  as  I  am  aware,  these  claims  have  not  been  questioned 
by  any  one  and  Brain1  has  even  been  led  into  a  generaliza- 
tion to  the  effect  that  "I  am  inclined  to  associate  the  smaller 
number  of  antennal  segments  in  these  cases  with  retarded 
metabolism,  as  this  is  always  found  in  the  winter  forms." 

It  is  the  purpose  in  this  paper  to  show  that  in  certain  of 
these  cases  this  alleged  dimorphism  does  not  exist.  Further- 
more, it  is  the  intention  to  question  that  it  ever  exists  in  this 
group,  at  least  as  far  as  any  morphological  features  are  con- 
cerned. 

We  may  first  consider  the  case  of  Pscndococcns  agrifoliae 
Essig,  in  which  the  evidence  is  sufficiently  complete  to  leave 


in,  C.  K.     The  Coccidae  of  South  Africa.     In  Trans.  Royal  Soc. 
S.  Africa,  vol.  i,  pt.  2.     (1915). 


35°  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,'l8 

no  room  for  reasonable  doubt.  Through  the  kindness  of  Mr. 
Essig  I  have  been  permitted  to  examine  the  types  of  this 
species.  There  are  certain  details  in  connection  with  these 
types  that  may  be  passed  over,  and  it  will  suffice  for  my  pur- 
pose to  state  that  the  material  examined  contains  specimens 
of  three  species  belonging  to  as  many  different  genera. 

Of  these  three  species,  one  is  nothing  more  than  that  previ- 
ously described  by  Ehrhorn  as  Ripersia  villas  a.  Another  is  a 
Pscudococcus  that  I  am  elsewhere  describing  as  P.  quercicolus. 
The  third  is  represented  only  by  immature  specimens,  but  is 
unmistakably  a  species  of  Pnto  (=Ceroputo}.  The  first  is 
the  "winter  form,"  the  second  is  the  "summer  form"  of  P. 
agrifoliae.  The  only  reason  that  appears  for  regarding  these 
as  forms  of  the  same  species  is  the  fact  that  they  were  found 
upon  the  same  host.  However,  the  two  are  morphologically 
so  very  different  as  to  render  it  most  highly  improbable  that 
they  have  anything  to  do  with  each  other.  Furthermore,  the 
evidence  obtained  from  observations  on  the  life  history  of 
one  of  the  species  is  sufficient  to  remove  any  doubt  that  might 
remain. 

P.  quercicolus,  the  "summer  form"  of  P.  agrifoliae,  is 
quite  common  on  oaks  in  the  vicinity  of  Stanford  University, 
and  I  have  followed  the  species  closely  enough  to  be  sure  that 
it  has  but  one  generation  per  year.  The  winter  is  passed  in 
the  first  or  second  larval  stage,  and  maturity  is  reached  in  May 
or  June.  In  one  instance  I  have  found  mature  females  in 
February,  but  the  conditions  here  were  unique.  The  speci- 
mens were  found  beneath  the  bark  in  old  and  nearly  over- 
grown borer  workings  in  company  with  ants.  No  difference 
appears  between  these  individuals  and  those  taken  in  the  sum- 
mer. 

Essig  further  states2  that  "It  is  very  probable  that  the 
same  dimorphic  forms  exist  in  Pseudococciis  artcuiisiae."  The 
reasons  for  this  assumption  are  not  given.  I  have  examined 
the  types  of  this  species,  also,  and  find  that  it  is  identical  with 
Erium  lichtcnsioides  (Ckll.),  a  species  that  I  know  to  have 

2Essig,  E.  O.    Pomona  Col.  Jn.  Ent.  &  Zool.,  vol.  2,  p.  148.     (1910). 


Vol.  XXl'x]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  351 

but  one  generation  per  year,  at  least  in  the  vicinity  of  Stanford 
University.  There  is  upon  the  same  host  a  species  of  Pseudo- 
coccus  (at  present  undetermined),  and  I  suspect  that  this  is 
the  reason  for  Essig's  statement.  However,  there  is  no  more 
reason  to  assume  that  this  is  a  form  of  E.  lichtcnsioldes  than 
to  assume  that  the  latter  is  a  form  of  Phenacoccus  artemi- 
siae. 

King  has  recorded  an  apparent  case  of  such  seasonal  di- 
morphism in  connection  with  his  original  description  of  Phena- 
coccus acericola.  He  states  that  specimens  of  this  species 
taken  in  the  summer  had  nine-segmented  antennae,  while  speci- 
mens taken  in  the  autumn  had  eight-segmented  antennae.  It 
happens  that  a  species  of  Pscudococcus.  that  I  identify  as  P. 
comstocki  (Kuwana),  occurs  on  maple  in  the  eastern  states, 
and  there  is  every  possibility  that  confusion  has  resulted  from 
this. 

The  last  case  that  I  shall  consider  (chronologically  it  is  the 
first)  is  that  of  Pscudococcus  trifolii  (Forbes).  This  was 
described  from  a  form  with  seven-segmented  antennae.  Later 
authors  have  regarded  a  form  with  eight-segmented  antennae 
as  the  "summer  form"  of  this  species.  The  whole  matter  has 
been  summed  up  by  Forbes3,  and  consequently  I  need  not 
review  the  literature  here.  Through  the  kindness  of  Prof. 
Forbes  I  have  had  the  privilege  of  examining  one  of  the  origi- 
nal co-types  of  this  species  and  am,  therefore,  in  a  position  to 
form  some  conclusions  in  regard  to  the  matter. 

The  species  described  by  Forbes  proves  to  have  six  or  seven 
segments  in  the  antennae  and  to  have  but  one  pair  of  cerarii. 
These  cerarii  are'  on  the  anal  lobes,  and  each  contains  two 
conical  spines  and  two  or  three  small  setae  which  are  sur- 
rounded by  many  scattered  pores.  The  descriptions  of  the 
"summer  form"  are  all  insufficient  to  permit  the  definite  recog- 
nition of  the  species,  but  there  arc  certain  points  of  value  in 
which  all  agree  and  which  may  be  summed  up  somewhat  as 
follows:  "A  species  with  from  fifteen  to  seventeen  pairs  of 
waxy  tassels;  with  a  crowded  group  of  pores  about  the  anal 

3Forbes,  S.  A.    Kept  State  Ent.  111.,  vol.  ->?.  pp.  "7-1-23-     09°9)- 


352  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,'l8 

lobe  cerarii,  adult  female  with  8-segmented  antennae."  In 
other  words,  it  is  a  species  with  15-17  pairs  of  cerarii  (for  that 
is  what  the  tassels  mean)  ;  a  perfectly  typical  species  of  Psen- 
dococcns. 

The  only  evidence  that  I  have  been  able  to  find  in  the  litera- 
ture tending  to  indicate  that  these  may  be  forms  of  the  same 
species  is  the  fact  that  they  occur  upon  the  same  host,  and 
this  I  cannot  consider  to  carry  any  weight  whatsoever.  A  care- 
ful perusal  of  the  paper  by  G.  C.  Davis4,  who  appears  to 
have  been  responsible  for  the  original  assumption  that  these 
are  forms  of  the  same  species,  indicates  that  he  did  not  have 
the  species  described  by  Forbes.  Neither  is  there  any  evidence 
that  any  one  has  actually  reared  the  one  form  from  the  other 
in  a  carefully  controlled  experiment.  It  does  appear  that  the 
species  examined  by  Davis  was  oviparous  at  one  season  of 
the  year  and  viviparous  at  another,  but  this  is  not,  after  all, 
a  very  great  difference.  However,  it  does  not  appear  that 
Davis'  experiment  was  sufficiently  well  controlled  to  demon- 
strate even  this  beyond  question. 

The  morphological  evidence  alone  is  sufficient  to  indicate 
that  here  again  two  entirely  distinct  species  have  been  con- 
fused. As  I  have  already  noted,  the  description  of  this  "sum- 
mer form"  is  insufficient  to  permit  the  definite  determination  of 
the  species,  but  it  is  possible  that  this  is  nothing  more  than 
Pscudococcus  maritimus  (Ehrh.).  This  is  a  species  that  was 
originally  described  from  California,  where  it  is  found  upon 
an  extremely  wide  range  of  hosts,  but  which  occurs  through- 
out the  United  States.  - 1  have  seen  specimens  from  wild 
cherry  in  New  York,  from  osage  orange  and  sycamore  in  Ohio 
and  from  clover  in  Oregon,  as  well  as  from  numerous  hosts  in 
California.  It  is  practically  certain  that  this  is  the  species  de- 
scribed by  Hollinger  as  P.  omniverae  from  numerous  hosts  in 
Missouri.  The  various  descriptions  of  P.  trifolii  all  agree  in 
speaking  of  the  mass  of  pores  about  the  anal  cerarii,  and  this 
is  a  very  characteristic  feature  of  P.  maritimus.  If  my  sur- 
mise be  correct,  there  remains  no  doubt  that  this  is  not  a  di- 
morph  of  the  original  trifolii,  for  its  life  history  is  well  enough 
known,  and  it  has  never  been  suspected  of  any  irregularities. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  matter  may  soon  be  so  effectually 
cleared  up  that  no  possible  doubt  mav  remain.  The  difficul- 
ties in  the  way  of  studying  the  mealy  bugs  are  sufficient  with- 
out the  interpolation  of  any  that  are  wholly  imaginary. 

4Davis,  G.  C.  Michigan  Ag.  Exp.  Station,  Bull.  116,  pp.  58-60.     (1804). 


ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS. 


PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  NOVEMBER,  1918. 


Entomology   in   Central   Europe. 

Recent  military  and  political  events  in  En  rope  raise  one's 
hopes  that  the  end  of  man's  violent  attack  on  the  life  of  his 
own  species  is  approaching  and  that  among  the  blessings  of 
peace  may  be  a  renewed  cultivation  of  the  constructive  sciences. 
How  thoroughly  depressed  entomology  and,  doubtless,  other 
fields  of  study  appear  to  those  in  Central  Europe  may  be  seen 
from  the  following  extracts  from  letters  from  a  correspondent 
in  a  neutral  country,  written  the  past  summer. 

I  have  fallen  into  a  kind  of  apathy  regarding  almost  everything  in 
connection  with  my  foreign  correspondents.  This  is  part  of  a  general 
mental  disposition,  prevailing  in  myself  (and  in  many  others!);  one 
tries  to  do  his  daily  work,  to  look  for  some  distraction  and  comfort  in 
direct  contact  with  Nature  (who  is  not  changed)  and  leave  the  rest  to 
kismet.  May  this  unhappy  condition  change  before  it  becomes  un- 
changeable or  worse ! 

I  think  I  am  not  mistaken  if  I  note  the  progressive  atrophy  of  scien- 
tific work,  here  and  elsewhere,  as  far  as  I  can  see  ;  no  doubt  it  would 
be  superficial  to  see  the  reason  for  this  phenomenon  in  want  of  paper, 
increased  expense  for  printing,  want  of  working  hands:  all  these  things 
have  their  share,  but  the  principal  reason  is  the  condition  of  minds. 

You"  may  scarcely  imagine  how  much  the  condition  of  all  our  scien- 
tific periodicals — 1  believe  not  only  here  but  all  over  Europe — is  dis- 
couraging [to]  writing  any  article  of  some  length.  They  can  neither 
live  nor  die,  but  I  am  afraid  the  prognostic  is  rather  for  death.  The 
leading  medical  papers  alone  seem  to  make  exception,  the  one  1  am 
subscribing  [to]  for  more  than  thirtv  years  remains  on  a  remarkably 
high  standard  and  is  even  positively  improved  by  the  reduction  of 
space.  Epidemiology  appears  to  be  the  branch  of  SCUMH-C  that  has 
taken  most  profit  from  the  common  disaster  of  all;  also  a  si?/ninn 
tcniporis. 

—   * 

Notes    and    Ne\vs. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   GLEANINGS   FROM    ALL   QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

Collecting  Notes  from  California  (Lepid.). 

Dr.  Holland  and  Prof.  Comstock  both  insist  that  all  Heterocera  rest 
with  wings  spread  flat,  or  rolled— never  held  erect  in  butterfly  fashion. 
Out  here  we  have  several  small  Cjeometers  (Hydriomena?)  that  often 
rest  in  true  butterfly  stvle,  with  wings  erect,  but  they  also  frequently 
rest  with  outspread  wings.  Rut  has  anyone  ever  seen  I:crnaldclla 
fintctaria  C,.  &  R.,  resting  with  wings  flattened  out?  T  have  taken 
dozens  at  light  here  in  the  past  three  vears.  and  seen  hundreds  of 
specimens,  and  have  yet  to  see  one  resting  in  moth-fashion.  The  wings 
are  always  held  erect  and  tightly  together. 

353 


354  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [Nov.,'l8 

Possibly  because  of  the  evenly  distributed  rains  of  that  year,  this 
country  swarmed  with  entomological  prizes  in  the  spring  of  1915.  The 
following  usually  uncommon  moths  were  all  abundant  at  light :  Fernal- 
dclla  fimetaria  G.  &  R.,  Syneda  howlandi  Grote,  Triocnemis  saporis 
Grote,  Trochoclea  antica  Smith,  Fishca  yoscmitae  Grote,  Copicucullia 
propinqua  Smith. 

In  1916  and  1917  I  failed  to  take  a  single  specimen  of  any  of  the 
above  named,  although  collecting  at  the  same  locality,  and  all  other 
sorts  were  comparatively  scarce.  This  year  there  again  appears  to  be 
an  abundance  of  insect  life. 

This  spring  I  captured  a  Papilio  rutnlus  minus  both  tails.  These  had 
not  been  broken  off,  but  the  hind  wings  were  apparently  deformed, 
being  fluted  and  crimped  at  the  anal  angle,  with  a  yellow  half-moon 
where  the  tail  should  have  been. — W.  H.  IRELAND,  Maricopa,  California. 

Key  to  Eastern  Species  of  Rhyphus  (Dip.). 

As  there  is  no  key  giving  the  differential  characters  of  the  three 
species  of  Rhyphus  occurring  in  the  northeastern  states,  I  submit  the 
following.  It  is  based  on  the  study  of  a  rather  large  series  of  specimens. 

a.  Basal  section  of  Mz  as  long  as,  or  longer  than,  the  median  cross- 
vein  ;   i.  e.,  the  bases  of  the  three  veins  arising  from  the  apex  of  the 
discal  cell  about  equidistant  from  each  other. 

b.  Wing  with  a  distinct  yellowish  spot  near  the  middle  of  the  costal 
margin ;  subapical  hyaline  spots  sharply  denned ;  eyes  of  male  holoptic  ; 
median  dorsal  vitta  geminate ;  i.  e.,  divided  by  a  slender  gray  line,  more 
distinct  in  the  female  altcrnatus  Say. 

bb.  Yellow  and  hyaline  spots  less  distinct  and  more  diffuse ;  eyes 
of  both  sexes  dichoptic  ;  median  dorsal  vitta  only  indistinctly,  if  at  all, 

geminate   fcnestralis  Scopoli 

ao.  Basal  section  of  A/2  much  shorter  than  the  median  cross-vein  ;  eyes 
of  male  holoptic  ;  no  yellow  spot  near  middle  of  costal  margin. 

punctatus  Fabr. 
— W.  J.  BAERG,  Ithaca,  New  York. 

Notes  on  Papilio  indra    Reakirt  (Lep.). 

According  to  most  accounts,  Papilio  indra  occurs  only  at  high  eleva- 
tions, around  10,000  feet.  However,  at  the  confluence  of  the  Okanogan 
and  Columbia  rivers,  in  Washington,  at  an  altitude  of  only  580  feet, 
I  have  taken  40  in  one  day,  nearly  all  of  them  torn,  owing  to  the  strong 
north  wind  and  their  habit  of  flying  among  the  hard  sage  brush  and 
grease-wood.  They  are  water-loving  and  seem  to  take  to  water  imme- 
diately after  transforming,  as  the  only  perfect  ones  were  secured  at 
the  edges  of  puddles.  They  are  strong  fliers,  and  when  aroused  are 
gone  for  good.  The  food-plant  of  indra  is  supposed  to  be  Artemisia 
dracunculoides.  I  believe,  however,  that  in  the  locality  mentioned, 
they  feed  on  an  umbelliferous  plant,  a  wild  parsley,  which  grows  on 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  355 

high,  dry,  sandy  hillsides  and  dies  down  by  the  end  of  May.  P.  indra 
occurs  and  disappears  simultaneously  with  it.  I  have  noticed  this  during 
five  seasons  of  collecting.  During  a  light  shower  I  took  2  5  on  it, 
notwithstanding  large  sage  brush  being  all  around  to  hide  in.  P. 
zolicaon  feeds  on  the  same  plant.  The  larva  of  zolicaon  is  orange  and 
black,  and  I  have  found  larvae  almost  entirely  black,  which  I  took  to  be 
P.  indra.  I  had  them  pupate,  but  a  small  Ichneumon,  about  2  mm. 
long,  attacked  the  pupae  and  destroyed  them,  along  with  pupae  of 
rntulus,  delimits,  bnicci.  ciirymcdon  and  zolicann.  all  of  which  are 
found  there.  The  pupae  are  nearly  black,  while  that  of  zolicaon  is  a 
light  brown. 

On  July  20,  1916,  I  took  one  P.  indra  on  Foggy  Dew  Creek,  Okanogan 
County,  Washington,  at  an  elevation  of  about  2,000  feet,  also  at  the 
same  place  a  Parnassius  and  several  Ocncis  gigas.  The  male  indra 
seems  to  prefer  the  tops  of  the  foothills,  where  it  is  found  in  company 
with  brucei  and  zolicaon,  while  what  females  I  took  were  found  at  the 
water  edge  and  low  canyons.  It  is  characteristic  that  indra  when 
aroused  always  flies  uphill.  All  my  indra  were  taken  from  April  20 
to  May  25,  by  which  time  only  old  specimens  are  found.  P.  brucei 
in  the  same  place  raises  2-3  broods  a  season,  but  its  food  plant  grows 
on  irrigation  ditches  and  is  green  all  summer.  The  larva  of  brucei 
will  eat  the  wild  parsley,  but  zolicaon  and  what  I  believe  to  be  indra 
will  not  eat  the  food  plant  of  brucei,  but  starve  instead. 

In  the  same  region  I  took  a  hybrid  of  B.  lorquini  and  B.  disippus, 
which  is  in  the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. — 
J.  C.  HOPFINGER,  Bay  City,  Texas. 


Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  Is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record, 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  "Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

2 — Transactions,  American  Entomological  Society,  Philadelphia. 
4 — The  Canadian  Entomologist.  London,  Canada.  6 — Journal,  New 
York  Entomological  Society.  9 — The  Entomologist,  London.  10 — 


356  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov., 'l8 

Nature,  London.  50 — Proceedings,  U.  S.  National  Museum,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  68 — Science,  Lancaster,  Pa.  87 — Bulletin,  Societe  En- 
tomologique  de  France,  Paris.  102 — Proceedings,  Entomological 
Society  of  Washington.  143 — Ohio  Journal  of  Science,  Columbus, 
Ohio.  153 — Bulletin,  The  American  Museum  of  Natural  History, 
New  York.  238 — Anales,  Sociedad  Cientifica  Argentina,  Buenos 
Aires.  272 — Memorias,  Real  Academia  de  Ciencias  y  Artes  de  Bar- 
celona. 273 — Proceedings,  Royal  Society  of  Edinburgh.  285 — Na- 
ture Study  Review,  Ithaca,  N.  Y.  322 — Journal  of  Morphology, 
Philadelphia.  411 — Bulletin,  The  Brooklyn  Entomological  Society, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  438 — Bulletin,  Illinois  State  Laboratory  of  Nat- 
ural History,  Urbana.  447 — Journal  of  Agricultural  Research, 
Washington,  D.  C.  490 — The  Journal  of  Parasitology,  LTrbana,  Illi- 
nois. 540 — The  Lepidopterist,  Salem,  Mass.  548 — Physis,  Revista 
de  la  Sociedad  Argentina  de  Ciencias  Naturales.  556 — Zoological 
Society  Bulletin,  New  York. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Beebe,  W.— Insect  tyrants.  556,  xxi, 
1670-73.  Blackmore,  E.  H. — Rare  and  uncommon  insects  taken  in 
British  Columbia  during  1917  (Rept.  Provincial  Mus.  Nat.  Hist., 
Br.  Columbia,  1917,  pp.  11-13).  Crampton,  G.  C. — Probable  ances- 
tors of  insects  and  myriapods.  4,  1918,  285-8.  Glaser,  R.  W. — • 
The  polyhedral  virus  of  insects  with  a  theoretical  consideration 
of  filterable  viruses  generally.  68,  xlviii,  301-:?.  Harrington,  W.  H. 
—Entomological  collections  of.  4,  1918,  292.  Walsingham,  Lord 
—German  naturalists  and  nomenclature.  10,  cii,  4. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.  Barrows,  W.  M.— A  list  of  Ohio  spiders. 
143,  xviii,  297-318.  Dunn,  L.  H. — The  tick  as  a  possible  agent  in 
the  collocation  of  the  eggs  of  Dermatobia  hominis.  490,  iv,  154-8. 
Simon,  E. — Notes  stir  la  synonymic  de  plusieurs  araignees  de  la 
famille  des  Clubionidae.  87,  1918,  201-2. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Longinos  Navas,  R.  P.— Algunos  insec- 
tos  neuropteros  de  la  Argentina.  548,  iv,  SO-89.  Rich,  S.  G. — The 
gill-chamber  of  dragonfly  nymphs.  322,  xxxi,  317-49. 

Folsom,  J.  W. — A  new  Isotoma  of  the  snow  fauna.  4,  1918. 
291-2.  Kennedy,  C.  H. — New  sps.  [5]  of  Odonata  from  the  south- 
western U.  S.  4,  1918,  256-61;  297-300.  Longinos  Navas,  R.  P.— 
Neuropteros  nucvos  o  poco  conocidos  [1  new].  272,  xiv,  339-66. 

ORTHOPTERA.  Davis,  W.  T. — Introduction  of  palaearctic 
preying  mantids  into  the  north  Atlantic  states.  411,  xiii,  73-6. 
Howard,  L.  O. — Schistocerca  tartarica  taken  at  sea.  102,  xix,  77. 
Lynch  Arribalzaga,  E. — La  langosta  voladora  de  Columbia  y  Vene- 
zuela. 548,  iv,  49.  McAtee  &  Caudell— First  list  of  the  Dermaptera 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  357 

and  Orthoptera  of  Plummers  Island,  Maryland,  and  vicinity.     102, 
xix,   100-22. 

Rehn  &  Hebard — Study  of  the  N.  A.  Eumastacinae  (Acrididae) 
[2  n.  sps.l.  2,  xliv.  223-50. 

HEMIPTERA.  Baker,  A.  C.— Our  birch  Symydobius  distinct 
from  the  European  (Aphididae).  4,  1918,  318-20.  Drake,  C.  J.— 
The  N.  A.  species  of  Teleonemia  occurring  north  of  Mexico  [3 
new].  143,  xviii,  323-32.  Notes  on  N.  Am.  Tingidae  [2  new].  411, 
xiii,  86-8.  Lizer,  C. —  I'sylla  erythrinae  n.  sp.  (S.  A.).  238,  Ixxxv, 
307-10.  Stevens,  H.  M. — Contribution  to  the  knowledge  of  the 
family  Chermesidae.  I. — Biology  of  the  Chermes  of  spruce  and 
larch  and  their  relation  to  forestry.  273,  xxxvii,  356-81. 

Barber,  H.  G. — Concerning  Lygaeidae. — No.  2.  [12  new].  6,  xxvi, 
49-60.  Knight,  H.  H. — Genus  Sericophanes  with  descriptions  of 
two  n.  sps.  (Miridae).  411,  xiii,  80-3.  (See  Drake  above.) 

LEPIDOPTTRA.  Ainslie,  G.  G.— Color  variation  in  pupae  of 
Terias  nicippe.  102,  xix,  TS.  Bonniwell,  J.  G. — Notes  on  collecting 
in  Florida.  540,  ii,  57-00.  Blackmore,  E.  H.— New  British  Colum- 
bia L.  (Rept.  Prov.  Mus.  Xat.  Hist.,  Br.  Columbia,  for  1917,  pp.  14- 
15).  Davis,  W.  T. — A  moth,  Anacampsis  innocuella,  at  Cold  Spring, 
Long  Island,  N.  Y.  6,  xxvi,  111-12.  Marlatt,  C.  L. — The  origin 
of  the  pink  boll  worm.  68,  xlviii,  309-1:2.  Mayor,  C.  M. — Sugaring. 
9,  1918,  188-90.  Young,  B.  P. — Ecological  notes  on  the  spring  can- 
ker worm  (Paleacrita  vernata).  4,  1918,  267-80.  Zesch,  A. — Study- 
ing butterflies.  285,  xiv,  242-8. 


Beutenmuller,  W. — Descriptions  of  new  Catocalae  [6  new].  540, 
ii,  60-3  (cont.).  Ely,  C.  R. — Revision  of  the  N.  A.  Gracilariidae 
from  the  standpoint  of  venation  [3  n.  gen.].  102,  xix,  29-77.  Hein- 
rich,  C. — A  new  Coleophora  injurious  to  apple  in  California.  A 
note  on  the  tortricid  genitalia.  102,  xix,  135-6;  137-8.  Swett,  L.  W. 
— Geometrid  notes — Hydriomena  [1  ne\v|.  4,  1918,  293-6. 

DIPTERA.  Brethes,  J. — Description  d'une  nouvelle  "Dexiinae" 
argentine.  548,  iv,  115.  Greene,  C.  T. — Contribution  to  the  biology 
of  N.  A.  Diptera.  102,  xix,  146-61.  Malloch,  J.  R. — Partial  key  to 
the  genus  Agromyza — IV.  4,  1918,  315-18.  Snyder,  T.  E. — A  pecu- 
liar habit  of  a  horsefly  (Tabanus  americanus)  in  the  Florida  ever- 
glades. 102,  xix,  141-6. 

Aldrich,  J.  M. — Two  new  Hydrotaeas  (Anthomyiidae).  4,  191S, 
311-14.  Hine,  J.  S. — Descriptions  of  seven  species  of  Asilus.  143, 
xviii,  319-3:.':.'.  Malloch,  J.  R. — A  new  No.  Am.  species  of  Antli •• 


358  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS  [Nov.,'l8 

myiidae.  4,  1918,  310.  An  undescribed  N.  Am.  species  of  Hydro- 
taea  (Anthomyiidae).  411,  xiii,  93-4.  Smith,  H.  E. — Notes  on  N. 
A.  Tachnidae,  including  the  description  of  one  new  genus.  102, 
xix,  122-6.  Sturtevant,  A.  H. — Synopsis  of  the  nearctic  species  of 
the  genus  Drosophila  [1  new  sp.].  153,  xxxviii,  441-46.  Walton, 
W.  R. — Three  new  tachinid  parasites  of  Eleodes.  102,  xix,  22-5. 

COLEOPTERA.  Barber,  H.  S.— Notes  and  descriptions  of 
some  orchid  weevils.  102,  xix,  12-22.  Beutenmuller,  W. — Notes  on 
the  Cychrus  found  in  the  Black  Mts.,  No.  Carolina.  411,  xiii,  89-90. 
Fisher,  W.  S. — A  new  sp.  of  longicorn  beetle  infesting  cowpeas 
from  Mexico.  102,  xix,  173-4.  Frers,  A.  G. — Metamorfosis  de  Tro- 
goderma  pectinicornis  (Dermestidae).  548,  iv,  90-4.  Greene,  G. 
M. — A  rare  Coleoptera  paper  of  T.  W.  Harris.  2,  xliv,  251-61. 
d'Orchymont,  A. — Note  preliminaire  sur  la  nervation  alaire  des  C. 
87,  1918,  170-2.  Robertson,  C. — Bees  and  Strepsiptera.  411,  xiii, 
83-5.  Woodruff,  L.  B.- -Note  on  Cremastochilus.  6,  xxvi,  110-11. 


Hyslop,  J.  A. — A  new  genus  (Perissarthron)  of  Elateridae,  and 
a  revision  of  the  American  Elateridae  of  the  genus  Pyrophorus, 
with  descriptions  of  [3]  n.  sps.  Elaterid  genus  Oistus  of  Candeze 
[1  new].  102,  xix,  1-12;  126-8.  Pierce,  W.  D.— The  comparative 
morphology  of  the  order  Strepsiptera  together  with  records  and 
descriptions  of  insects.  50,  liv,  391-501.  Nicolay  &  Weiss — A  re- 
view of  the  genus  Buprestis  in  No.  America  [2  new].  6,  xxvi,  75- 
109.  Schwarz  &  Barber — Two  new  hydrophilid  beetles.  102,  xix, 
129-35. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Beebe,  W.— (See  under  General).  Burke, 
H.  E.— Oryssus  is  parasitic.  102,  xix,  S7-9.  CockereU,  T.  D.  A.— 
The  crimson  Augochlora  bees.  9,  1918,  211.  Cushman,  R.  A.— 
Notes  on  the  biology  of  Schizonotus  sieboldii.  A  much  described 
ichneumonid  and  its  systematic  position.  102,  xix,  128-29;  162-5. 
Gallardo,  A. — Hormigas  dolicoderinas  de  los  Andes  de  Mendoza. 
548,  iv,  28-31.  Hall,  W.  B. — Notes  on  the  immature  stages  of  Hemi- 
taxonus  multicinctus.  102,  xix,  28.  Holmberg,  E.  L. — Suplemento 
I  a  las  especies  argentinas  de  Coelioxys.  548,  iv,  1-13.  Middleton, 
W. — Notes  on  the  larvae  of  some  Cephidae.  102,  xix,  175-9.  Muese- 
beck,  C.  F.  W.-— Two  important  introduced  parasites  of  the  brown- 
tail  moth.  447,  xiv,  191-206.  Robertson,  C. — How  Emphor  drinks. 
4,  1918,  320.  Bees  and  Strepsiptera.  411,  xiii,  83-5.  Rohwer,  S.  A. 
—American  sps.  of  the  genus  Cephus.  102,  xix,  139-41.  Santschi, 
F. — Sous-genres  et  synonymies  de  Cremastogaster.  87,  1918,  182-5. 
Sladen,  F.  W.  L. — Pollination  of  alfalfa  by  bees  of  the  genus  Me- 
gachile.  Table  of  Canadian  species  of  the  latimanus  group.  4, 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  359 

1918,  301-4.     Thompson,  C.  B. — Dual  queens  in  a  colony  of  honey 
bees.     68,  xlviii,  294-5. 

BeutenmuJler,  W. — New  species  [4]  of  Rhodites  from  Oregon.  4, 
1918,  305-9.  Crawford,  J.  C.— [Ten]  new  H.  102,  xix,  165-72. 
Cushman,  R.  A. — Two  new  chalcids  from  the  seeds  of  Amelanchier. 
102,  xix,  79-86.  Malloch,  J.  R. — North  Am.  species  of  the  genus 
Tiphia  in  the  collection  of  the  Illinois  natural  history  survey  ['21 
new].  438,  xiii,  1-24.  Rohwer  &  Cushman — Idiogastra,  a  new  sub- 
order  of  H.,  with  notes  on  the  immature  stages  of  Oryssus.  102, 
xix,  89-99. 


Doings  of  Societies. 

Entomological  Section  of  The  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of 

Philadelphia. 

Meeting  of  May  23,  1918.  Director  Philip  Laurent  presiding,  twelve 
persons  present. 

Lepidoptera.-  Dr.  P.  W.  Whiting,  of  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, made  an  interesting  communication  on  his  genetic  researches 
with  the  common  flour  or  grain  moth,  Epkcstia  kuhni^lla.  He  found 
that  there  was  quite  an  extension  in  the  hatching  of  a  single  laying 
over  a  period  varying  from  two  to  three  months.  The  moth  in  its  dif- 
ferent stages  is  verv  susceptible  to  temperature  and  humidity,  the  best 
results  in  the  rearing  being  obtained  in  a  high  temperature  and  humid- 
ity ranging  near  go  per  cent.  There  were  three  distinct  types  found 
in  the  course  of  breeding:  a  typical,  nearly  uniformly  grayish  brown 
form,  a  "black-shouldered"  form  having  black  areas  at  the  bases  and 
apices  of  the  primaries,  and  an  entirely  black  form.  The  degree  of 
development  of  the  adult  mouth  parts  varied  considerably,  in  some 
cases  being  almost  wanting.  There  were  also  some  noticeable  malfor- 
mations in  the  genitalia,  and  a  few  cases  of  intersexes  were  noticed. 
The  ravages  of  a  coccidian,  a  protozoan  parasite,  which  proved  very 
destructive  among  the  larvae,  wiping  out  whole  colonies,  necessitated 
thorough  sterilization  of  the  apparatus  and  media.  Another  parasite 
of  the  larva  was  a  hymenopteron,  a  species  of  Habrobracon,  and  the 
study  of  its  life  history  and  variations  gave  some  very  interesting  re- 
sults. The  communication  was  illustrated  by  drawings  and  series  of 
the  bred  moth  material. 

Diptera.-  Mr.  Hornig  exhibited  specimens  of  Aedcs,  sqttainiiier  Coq. 
as  a  new  record  for  Philadelphia.  He  stated  that  two  to  three  days 
elapse  between  emergence  and  the  first  feeding.  He  also  mentioned 
rinding  some  eggs  of  A.  triscnitus  in  moist  dirt,  not  water,  from  a 
crotch  of  a  tree,  a  medium  in  which  he  could  not  imagine  the  larvae 
could  live. — E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  Recorder. 


360  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS  [Nov.,'l8 

Feldman  Collecting  Social. 

Meeting  of  June  IQ,  1918,  at  the  home  of  H.  W.  Wenzel,  5614  Stew- 
art Street,  Philadelphia;  all  the  members  (thirteen)  present.  President 
H.  W.  Wenzel  in  the  chair. 

Lepidoptera.—  Mr.  Huntington  said  he  had  been  troubled  by  many 
clothes  moths  in  his  bedroom  and  was  at  a  loss  to  find  where  they 
bred  as  he  had  examined  all  the  clothes  in  wardrobe  and  chiffonier, 
but  finally  discovered  they  were  breeding  in  the  felt  in  the  heels  of  his 
shoes,  having  completely  eaten  the  pads  from  several  pairs  of  shoes. 
Mr.  Haimbach  recorded  a  single  specimen  of  Nacophora  qucrnaria  S. 
and  A.,  which  he  collected  on  his  place  at  Lower  Merion  Township, 
Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  VI-3-i8. 

Coleoptera. — Mr.  Laurent  exhibited  a  series  of  Ncoclytus  crythro- 
ccphalus  Fabr.  as  well  as  a  section  from  the  trunk  of  a  nine-inch  per- 
simmon tree  showing  the  borings  made  by  the  larvae  of  this  beetle. 
From  a  twelve-inch  log  cut  from  the  trunk  of  the  tree  eighty-one  speci- 
mens emerged  from  May  loth  to  June  3rd.  The  greatest  number  to 
appear  in  one  day  was  on  May  21  st,  when  eighteen  beetles  emerged. 
Previously  he  had  bred  this  species  from  a  three  and  one-half-inch  limb 
of  an  English  walnut,  where  they  had  bored  through  the  entire  limb, 
but  in  this  case  only  the  sap  wood  was  attacked.  Mr.  H.  W.  Wenzel 
said  insect  life  about  here  seems  to  be  scarce  this  year,  specially  good 
material,  and  that  he  is  specializing  in  Elateridae  this  season,  having 
so  far  turned  up  twelve  species  of  Melanotus.  Recorded  the  following 
Coleoptera  collected  by  H.  A.  Wenzel  and  himself:  Castle  Rock,  Penn- 
sylvania, V-IQ:  Lndius  (Corymbitcs}  tarsalis  Melsh.  on  willow  and 
young  walnut,  L.  (C.)  hamatus  Say  on  hickory,  Elatcr  htcluosus  LeC. 
on  willow,  their  first  record,  and  Lcptura  nnitabU's  Newm.  on  hickory, 
also  their  first  record;  Somers  Point,  New  Jersey,  V-26:  Dicaclus  pur- 
puratus  Bon.,  Typophorus  6-notatns  Say  on  cedar,  also  several  species 
of  Elateridac ;  Broomall,  Delaware  County,  Pennsylvania,  VI-2:  six 
species  of  Melanotus,  Nothodcs  ditbitans  LeC.,  their  first  record,  and 
Sapcrda  puncticollis  Say;  Millville,  New  Jersey,  VI-8:  Aneflomorpha 
(Elaphidion')  aculcatum  LeC.,  Hclops  cistcloidcs  Germ,  (their  record 
for  this  latter  species  last  year  was  VII-I5),  Cinyra  gracilipcs  Melsh. 
on  oak  and  Goes  dcbilis  LeC. ;  Ardmore  Junction,  Pennsylvania,  VI-i6, 
on  elder  blooms:  four  species  of  Lcplura,  lbic<ila  Say,  ritiata  Swed., 
vagans  Oliv.  and  rubrica  Say. — GEO.  M.  GKEENE,  Secretary. 


OBITUARY. 

Dr.  GUSTAVO  LEONARD:,  the  well  known  coccidologist,  died 
the  25th  of  August,  1918,  in  Yentimiglia,  Italy,  aged  49 
years.— F.  SILVESTRI. 


The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  aixl  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  01  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  424  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  183 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  New?,  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork  ;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13x2i  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.— We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  linen. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square.  Cambridge,  Mass. 


RECENT    LITERATURE 

FOR   SALE    BY 

THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 

1900   RACE  ST.,  PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

COLEOPTERA. 

781. — Greene  (G.  M.). — A  rare  coleoptera  paper  of  T.  W.  Har- 
ris. (Trans.,  44,  251-261,  1918)  MO 

2099. — Wickham  (H.  F.).- — An  interesting  new  species  of  Eleo- 

des.  (Ent.  News,  29,  255-257,  1918)  .10 

DIPTERA. 

2100.— Jones  (F.  M.). — Dorniphora  vemista  in  Sarracenia 

flava.  (Ent.  News,  29,  :.M)9-30r>,  ;>!.,  1918) LS 

782.— Malloch  (J.  R.).— Diptera  from  the  southwestern  U.  S. 
Part  IV.  Anthomyiidae.  (New  sps.].  (Trans.,  44, 
263-319,  pi.,  1918) 95 

HYMENOPTERA. 

2097.— Cockerell    (T.    D.   A.).— A   remarkable   new   bee    of   the 

genus  Oxaea.     (Ent.  News,  29,  :.'">:.:,   1918)    10 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

2098. — Watson  (J.  H.). — Hemileuca  burnsi,  its  specific  validity 

and  habits  (Saturnidae).     (Ent.  N.,  29,  252-255,   1918).     .10 

ORTHOPTERA. 

785. — Rehn  (J.  A.  G.). — On  a  collection  of  Orthoptera  from 
the  State  of  Para,  Brazil.  [New  sps.].  (Pro.  A.  N. 
S.  P.,  1918,  144-236,  2  pis.)  1.45 

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ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


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PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

THE   ACADEMY   OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES,    PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.   XXIX. 


DECEMBER,    1918. 


No.   10. 


CONTENTS: 


Swain— Miscellaneous  Studies  iti  the 
Family  Aphididae  (  Hem.,  Horn.')..  361 

Skinner— A  Gynandromorph  of  Callo-  * 
samia     angulifera     and     Melitaea 
phaeton  aber.  streckeri  ( Lep. ) 369 

Dozier — An  Annotated  List  of  Gaines- 
ville, Florida,  Coleoptera 370 

Howard — A  Note  on  Insects  Found  on 
Snow  at  High  Elevations 375 

Change  of  Address 377 

Honors  to  Entomologists 377 

McDunnough— Dates  of  Issue  of  the 
Plates  of  Gu6rin's  Iconographie  du 
Regne  Animal  (  Lepid.) 378 

Blaisdell— Studies  in  the  Tenebrionid 
Tribe  Eleodiini.  No.  4  (Coleop. ).  380 

Schaus — A  New  Agrias  from  Guate- 
mala (NymphaliHae,  Lep.)  387 

Me Atee— Vaporous  Discharge  bv  Ani- 
somorpha  buprestoides  (Orthop- 
tera  :  Phasmidae 388 


Editorial— Rules  and  Suggestions  for 
our  Contributors 

Parshlev— Bibliography  of  the  North 
American  Hemipt'era  in  Prepara- 
tion  

Entomological  Collections  of  the  late 
W.  H.  Harrington 

A  New  List  of  Coleoptera  of  N.  Amer. 

Huguenin  — Early  appearance  of  I.v- 
caena  antiacis  and  xerxes  (Lepid.) 
in  1917 

The  Annual  Meetings  of  Societies  in 
Convocation  Week 

Entomological  Literature 

Review  of  Bequaert :  A  Revision  of  the 
Vespidae  of  the  Belgian  Congo 

Obituary— John  W.  Bradlev,  Vernon 
King.  David  Ernest  Lantz,  Freder- 
ick Knab,  V.  A.  E.  Daecke  and 
Stuart  C.  Vina! 


3«9 
39' 
392 

392 

393 
394 

397 
400 


Miscellaneous  Studies  in  the  Family  Aphididae 

(Hem.,  Horn.).1 
By  ALBERT  F.  SWAIN,  University  of  California,  Citrus 

Experiment  Station,  Riverside,  California. 
During  the  writer's  study  of  the  California  Aphididae  sev- 
eral questions  relating  to  the  identity  and  synonymy  of  various 
genera  and  species  have  arisen.     A  few  of  these  questions  are 
discussed  and  the  writer's  conclusions  given  herewith. 

There  is  always  present  the  question  as  to  the  proper  limita- 
tions of  genera,  which  oftentimes  is  difficult  to  decide.  As  a 
general  rule,  the  writer  does  not  believe  in  the  formation  of  a 
vast  number  of  genera  on  slight  structural  diftVn'nces.  How- 
ever, there  are  included  in  some  genera  species  of  such  widely 
different  characters  that,  although  a  specific  determination  may 

1  Paper  No.  50— University  of  California,  Graduate  School  of  Trop- 
ical Agriculture  and  Citrus   Experiment  Station,   Riverside,  California. 


" 


At 


362  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec., 'l8 

be  readily  accomplished,  a  generic  determination  is  quite  diffi- 
cult. The  genus  ApJiis  Linn.,  as  understood  by  American 
aphidologists,  is  an  example  of  this.  Macrosiphum  Passerini 
is  another.  Occasionally  one  finds  a  species  that  does  not  fit 
into  any  genus,  or  that  will  fall  into  any  one  of  a  number  of 
genera,  according  to  which  table  is  used  for  the  determination. 
It  is  far  simpler,  and  in  the  writer's  opinion  better,  in  such  a 
case,  to  describe  a  new  genus  for  that  species. 

I.     THE  GENUS  MACROSIPHON  FELLA  DEI,  GUERCIO. 

In  1911  Del  Guercio2  described  the  genus  Macrosiphoniella, 
designating  as  the  type  species,  Macrosiphum  atnim  (Ferr.). 
The  following  species  he  also  placed  in  this  genus :  Siphono- 
phora  absinthii  Koch,  Siphonophora  artonisiae  Pass.3  (tana- 
cctaria  Koch),  Aphis  cainpanulac  Kalt.,  Macros! phoniella 
chrysanthenii  Del  Guer.,  Siphonophora  linariae  Koch,  5\  littca 
Buckton,  Aphis  millcfolii  Fabr.,  A.  solani  Walker  and  A.  I'iciac 
Kalt. 

This  genus  is  quite  similar  to  Macrosiphum  Pass.,  except 
that  the  cornicles  are  not  considerably  longer  than  the  cauda ; 
in  fact  they  are  oftentimes  shorter.  Del  Guercio  separates  it 
from  Macrosiphum  Pass,  arid  Meyoura  Buckt.  by  the  following 
key: 

"Sifoni  corti  presso   a  poco  della  lunghezza  della  codetta: 
"Sifoni  distentamente  clavati.  .Mcgoura  Buckton. 
"Sifoni  cilindrici,  piu  o  meno  allargati,  talvolta, 
all  base Macrosiphoniella  Del  Guer. 

2  Del  Guercio,  A.    Redia  7:  331-333.    1911. 

3  Theobald    (Jour.  Econ.   Biol.,  8:   71.    1913.)    credits  this   species   to 
Boyer   de    Fonscolombe,   and    from   his   description    it   would   certainly 
fit   into   this   genus.     Wilson    (Trans.   Amer.    Knt.    Soc.,   41  •  97.     1915) 
describes  a  species   from  Artemisia   in   Oregon  under  this   name.     He 
places  S.  frigidac  Oestlund  as  a  synonym.     Tt  is  probable  that  he  had 
Oestlund's    species,   but    he   could   not    have   had    this    one,    for    in   his 
material   the   cornicles    were    fully   twice   as   long   as   the   cauda.      The 
measurements    were:    cornicles    0.73    mm.,    cauda    0.30    mm.     (alate); 
cornicles  0.52  mm.,  cauda  0.27  mm.   (aptera).     Therefore  Siphonophora 
frigidac   Oestlund   is   distinct  and   belongs   to   the  genus   Macrosiphum 
Pass.,  while  S.  artcmisiac  Fonsc.  belongs  to  the  genus  Macrosiphoniella 
Del  Guer.     The  latter  species  has,  to  date,  never  been  reported  from 
America. 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    XK\YS.  363 

"Sifoni  lunghi  o  lunghissimi,  sempre  molto  piu  lunghi 
della  codetta.  .Ma-crosiphnm   Passerini." 

The  species  in  this  genus  have  heretofore  been  considered  as 
belonging  to  Macrosiphum,  but  the  writer  is  in  full  accord  with 
Del  Guercio  in  placing  them  in  a  distinct  genus. 

The  question  was  brought  to  the  writer's  attention  on  taking 
specimens  of  M.  sanbornii  Gillette  on  chrysanthemums  at  Stan- 
ford University  and  in  Riverside.  This  species  cannot  very 
well  be  placed  in  the  genus  Macrosiphum  because  of  the  short 
bottle-shaped  cornicles  which  are  not  longer  than  the  cauda 
(Text  fig.  i).  It  does  fit  the  genus  Macrosiphoniella  of  Del 
Guercio,  however. 

Van  der  Goot4  adds  another  species,  M.  citricola  v.d.G.,  to 
this  genus,  making  a  total  of  twelve  species.  Of  these,  ten 
occur  in  Europe,  two  in  Australasia,  and  one  in  America. 

II.     THE  GENUS  SIPHONATROPIIIA  NOV.  GEN. 

The  writer  has  recently  described  an  aphid  from  Monterey 
and  Guadalupe  cypress  under  the  name  of  Ccrosipha  cuprcssi 
Swain.5  At  that  time  he  was  doubtful  as  to  its  generic  posi- 
tion, so  placed  it  provisionally  in  Cerosipha.  Since  then  he  has 
had  opportunity  to  study  it  further  and  has  come  to  the  con- 
clusion that  it  does  not  fit  into  any  described  genus.  Conse- 
quently he  proposes  a  new  genus  for  the  species,  naming  it 
Siphonatrophla  (from  its  atrophied  cornicles).  Below  is  a 
brief  description  of  the  genus. 

Body  of  alate  small  and  of  the  shape  of  Aphis,  but  the  body 
of  the  apterae  with  a  very  swollen  and  convex  abdomen.  Fore- 
head flat  and  without  frontal  protuberance.  Antennae  short, 
scarcely  reaching  to  the  abdomen,  five- segmented,  and  without 
antennal  tubercles.  Segments  three  and  five  subequal,  and  the 
base  and  spur  of  five  subequal.  Body  without  lateral  tubercles 

1  Van  der  Goot,  P.  Zur  Kcnntniss  der  Blattlause  Java's.  Contrih. 
a  la  Fauna  des  Indes  Neerlandaises,  i  :  34.  1917. 

5  Swain,  A.  F.  New  .Ipliididac  from  California.  Trans.  Amer.  Ent. 
Soc.  44:  19-22.  1918. 


364  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,  'l8 

on  prothorax  or  abdomen.  Legs  normal  in  alates,  but  short 
and  stout  in  apterae.  Cornicles  merely  pores,  with  the  opening 
broader  than  long,  slightly  flanged  near  the  mouth.  Cauda  of 
alates  long  and  ensiform  or  triangular,  of  apterae  short  and 
conical.  Anal  plate  distinct  and  fairly  conspicuous,  broadly 
rounded.  Rudimentary  gonapophyses  two.  Wings  long  and 
slender,  being  much  longer  than  the  body,  and  with  an  Aphis- 
like  venation,  in  which  the  second  branch  of  the  third  discoidal 
is  nearer  to  the  tip  of  the  wing  than  to  the  base  of  the  first 
branch. 

Type:  Cerosipha  cit'prcssi  Swain,  on  Cuprcssiis  guadalu- 
pensis  and  C.  macrocarpa,  Riverside  and  San  Diego  counties, 
California.  This  species  lives  singly  on  the  tips  of  the  leaves  of 
cypress.  The  alates  are  very  rare,  which  facts  seems  to  indi- 
cate an  alternation  of  host  plants.  The  alternate  host,  if  any, 
is  unknown. 

This  genus  is  somewhat  similar  to  Slpha  Passerini  and  to 
Cerosipha  Del  Guercio,  especially  in  the  five-segmented  an- 
tennae and  the  aphidine  venation.  In  Cerosipha  Del  Guercio 
the  cornicles  are  longer,  while  in  Sipha  Passerini  the  cauda  is 
knobbed  and  the  body  flat  and  covered  with  long  fine  hairs. 
In  venation  it  resembles  Aphis  padi  Linn,  and  ApJiis  pruni- 
foliae  Fitch.  The  cauda  reminds  one  of  Siphocoryne  Passerini 
or  Mysus  Passerini.  In  Wilson's  keys  to  the  Aphidini6,  this 
falls  into  either  Brachycolns  Buckton  or  Crvptosiphutn  Buck- 
ton.  From  both  it  differs  in  the  five-segmented  antennae.  The 
short  pore-like  cornicles  and  the  shape  of  the  body  separate  it 
from  the  former,  and  the  shape  of  the  cauda  from  the  latter. 
From  Setaphis  v.d.G.7.  which  it  resembles  somewhat  super- 
ficially, it  differs  in  lacking  the  "Siphunculoidae"  and  in  the 
typical  Aphis  venation  with  the  twice-branched  cubital  vein. 

i.  Cornicles   cylindrical   and   as  broad   as   long.     Body   slender 

Brachycolns  Buckton.     Type:   Aphis  stcllariae  Hardy. 

6  Wilson,   H.  F.     A  key  to  the  genera  of   the   subfamily   Aphidinae 
and  notes  on   synonomy.     Annals   Ent.   Soc.   Amer.,  3:   321-322.     1910. 

7  Van  der  Goot,   P.     Zur   Kenntniss  der   Blattlause  Java's.     Contrib. 
Fauna  des  Indes  Neerlandaises,  i  :  153.    1917. 


Vol.  XXIX]  I'.XTOMOI. ()C,I(  AT.    XF.WS.  365 

Cornicles  barely  distinguishable,  being  only  small  pores.     Body  oval 

and    distended,    particularly    in    the    apterae 2 

2.  Antennae  five-segmented.     Cauda  of  alates  long  and  ensiform,  and 

of  apterae    short    and    conical,    but    well    developed 

Siphonatrophia  nov.  gen.     Type:  Ccrosipha  cuprcssi  Swain. 
Antennae  six-segmented.    Cauda  short  and  tapering  and  not  developed 

in    the    apterae 

C  r\'ploxi[>lntin    Buckton.      Type:    C.    artcmisiac    Buckton. 

III.  THE  GENUS  MONELLIA  OESTLUND. 
In  1887  Oestlund8  described  the  genus  Monellia  with  Aphis 
caryclla  Fitch  as  the  type.  He  separated  this  genus  from 
Calliptcnts  Koch  by  the  position  of  the  wings  when  at  rest.  In 
the  latter  they  are  held  roof-like  as  is  typical  in  the  Aphididae, 
while  in  the  former  they  are  horizontal,  that  is,  laid  flat  on  the 
abdomen.  Following  is  Oestlund's  description  of  the  genus : 

Antennae  longer  than  the  body,  on  no  frontal  tubercles.  Eyes 
pale  red  ;  ocelli  present.  Beak  very  short.  Thorax  low  and  flat ;  pro- 
thorax  nearly  as  large  as  thorax  proper.  Wings  held  horizontal  in 
repose;  venation  as  in  Calliptcnis.  Honey-tubes  not  obvious.  Style 
short,  enlarged  at  apex. 

As  just  stated,  Aphis  caryclla  Fitch  was  designated  as  the 
type.  In  this  species  the  wings  are  said  to  lie  horizontal  when 
the  insect  is  at  rest.  Many  times  in  California  there  has  been 
taken  on  walnut  a  species  which  has  been  considered  as  caryella 
Fitch.  Careful  comparisons  with  mounted  specimens  from 
Indiana  show  no  structural  differences,  so  that  there  can  be  no 
doubt  that  they  are  identical.  However,  the  species  in  Cali- 
fornia does  not  have  the  habit  of  holding  the  wings  horizontal 
when  at  rest.  It  would  seem,  therefore,  that  this  habit  is 
variable. 

Many  of  the  American  aphidologists  have  considered  Callip- 
terns  caryac  Monell  as  belonging  to  this  genus.  Here  is  another 
species  that  does  not  have  this  habit,  at  least  in  California. 
Specimens  from  California  agree  perfectly  with  specimens  in 
the  writer's  collection  from  Pennsylvania.  The  writer  has  been 

8  Oestlund,  O.  W.  Synopsis  of  the  Aphididae  of  Minnesota.  Bull. 
Minn.  Geol.  and  Nat.  Hist.  Survey,  4:44.  1887. 


366  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [DeC.,'lS 

unable  to  find  any  authentic  record  as  to  the  wing  position  in 
this  species.9 

In  Moncllia  californicus  Essig,  the  wings  are  not  held  hori- 
zontal. The  one  other  species  in  this  genus,  M.  costalis  (Fitch) 
is  unknown  to  the  writer,  and  in  Baker's10  description  no 
statement  is  made  concerning  this  point. 

Inasmuch  as  this  character  of  wing  position  is  variable  in 
the  type  species,  it  cannot  be  considered  of  importance  in  sepa- 
rating genera.  Furthermore  it  is  the  writer's  opinion  that  a 
character,  such  as  this,  which  cannot  be  used  in  the  determina- 
tion of  mounted  specimens,  should  not  be  considered.  A  large 
part  of  the  systematist's  study  must  necessarily  be  with  museum 
specimens,  and  such  a  character  cannot  be  of  any  use  then. 
Therefore,  the  retaining  of  this  genus  does  not  seem  justifiable. 

Practically  all  of  the  species  considered  by  the  earlier  Amer- 
ican aphidologists  as  belonging  to  Calliptcrns  Koch  have  been 
transferred  to  Myzocallis  Passerini.  In  this  latter  genus  are 
those  species  with  the  antennae  set  on  more  or  less  distinct 
antennal  tubercles  and  with  the  cornicles,  although  small,  dis- 
tinct and  almost  as  long'  as,  or  longer  than,  wide.  This  leaves, 
therefore,  in  Callipterus  Koch  only  those  species  without  anten- 
nal tubercles  and  with  pore-like  cornicles.  Here,  then,  belong 
the  four  species  of  Monellia  Oestlund. 

Baker11  gives  a  key  to  these  American  species.  All  four 
have  as  their  hosts,  species  of  either  Carya  or  Juglans,  or  of 
both.  C.  californicus  (Essig)  is  known  to  occur  only  in  Cali- 
fornia, and  C.  costalis  (Fitch)  in  New  York  and  Connecticut. 
The  other  two  species,  C.  caryae  Moncll  and  C.  caryclla 
(Fitch),  are  found  throughout  the  north  and  middle  Atlantic, 
the  middle  western,  and  the  Pacific  Coast  States.  In  the  west 
they  are  of  rare  occurrence,  however. 

9  Essig    (Pom.  Jour.   Ent.,  4:   771.     1912)    in  comparing  his   species, 
californicus,   with   Thomas's   description   of   caryae   Monell   states   that 
in    the   latter   the    wings   are    held   horizontal.     Thomas's    note    is    not 
accessible  to  the  writer,  however. 

10  Baker,    A.    C.      Eastern    Aphids,    new    or    little    known.      Part    II. 
Jour.  Econ.  Ent.,  10:424.     1917. 

11  Raker,  A.  C.     Op.  cit. 


Vol.  X,\ix|  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NKW>.  367 

IV.  A  NEW  SPECIES  OF  THE  GENUS  THRH-SAIMIIS  GILLETTE. 12 
In   October,    1917,   specimens   of   a   species   of    Thripsaphis 

were  received  by  the  writer  from  Mr.  G.  F.  Ferris  of  Leland 
Stanford  Junior  University.  These  had  been  found  on  the 
leaves  of  Carc.v  sp.  near  San  Francisquito  Creek,  Santa  Clara 
County,  California.  Not  being  able  to  identify  them  with  any 
known  species,  the  writer  herewith  describes  them  as  a  new 
species, 

Thripsaphis  caricicola  nov.  sp.   (Text  figs.  2-fi). 

Cotype  specimens  are  in  the  writer's  private  collection  in 
Riverside,  and  in  the  U.  S.  National  Museftm.  Washington, 
D.  C. 

Locality:  Santa  Clara  County,  California.  Collector:  A.  P. 
Batchelder.  Date:  October  26,  1917.  Host:  Carc.r  sp. 

Alatc  znviparous  female. — General  body  color  yellow  and  dusky 
black.  Head  yellow  with  margins  dusky.  Antennae  dusky  to  black, 
except  base  of  segment  three,  which  is  pale.  Eyes  reddish  brown. 
Beak  yellow  with  tip  black.  Prothorax  dusky  with  median  yellow 
stripe.  Thoracic  plates  black.  Legs  yellowish  with  tarsi  and  tips  of 
tibiae  and  of  femora  black.  Abdomen  yellow  with  four  rows  of 
darker  spots,  two  lateral  and  two  sublateral.  Cauda  and  anal  plate 
dusky. 

Body  rather  long  and  narrow,  resembling  somewhat  that  of  a  thrips. 
Head  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  wide  between  the  eyes.  Front  with 
a  prominent  semiquadrangular  protuberance  (fig.  2),  which  is  about 
as  wide  as  long,  and  as  large  as  the  first  antennal  segment.  Antennae 
(fig.  4)  about  three- fourths  as  long  as  the  body.  No  antennal  tuber- 
cles. Segment  III  the  longest,  being  but  slightly  shorter  than  IV  and 

V,  or  V  and  VI  combined.     V  about  five-sixths  as  long  as  IV,  which 
in   turn   is   slightly   shorter   than   VI.     VI   base   and    spur   equal.     The 
usual  primary  sensoria  on  V  and  VI     and  accessory  sensoria  on  VI. 
Secondary  sensoria  only  on  III,  being  circular,  equal-sized,  and  placed 
in    a    more    or    less    straight    row    on    the    basal    three-fourths    of    the 
segment:  n  to  12  in  number     Beak  short  scarcely  reaching  first  coxae. 
No  lateral  tubercles  on  the  prothorax  or  abdomen.     Cornicles   (fig.  5) 
merely  pores,  which  are  about  one-sixth  as  wide  at  the  mouth  as  the 
length  of  the  hind  tarsi.     Cauda   (fig.  5)   distinct,  knobbed,  about  two- 
thirds  as  long  as  hind  tarsi.    Anal  plate  (fig.  5)  large,  prominent,  deep- 
ly bilobed.     Legs  long  and  slender,  normal  throughout.    Wings  (fig.  6) 

12  Gillette,  C.  P.  Two  new  Aphis  genera  and  some  new  species. 
Can.  Ent,  49:  193-196.  iyi7- 


368 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[Dec.,'i8 


long  and  slender,  venation  regular,  the  third  discoidal  of  the  fore  wing 
being  twice  branched,  and  two  distinct  oblique  veins  being  present  on 
the  hind  wing.  The  second  branch  of  the  third  discoidal  of  the  fore 
wing  is  nearer  to  the  tip  of  the  wing  than  to  the  base  of  the  first 
branch. 


ap 


Fig.  \.-Macrosiphoniella  sanborni  (Gillette).     Caudal  end  of  abdomen. 

Figs.  ?.-(>.— Thripsaphis  caricicola  nov.  sp.  Fig.  2.— Head,  alate.  Fig.  3.— Head, 
aptera.  Fig.  4.— Antenna,  alate.  Fig.  5.— Caudal  end  of  abdomen,  alate.  Fig.  6.— Wings, 
alate. 

Ca.,cauda;  co.,  cornicle  ;  a.  />.,  anal  plate  :  r.  s>\,  rudimentary  gonapophyses. 

All  drawings  were  made  with  the  camera  lucida,  and  all  except  fig.  6,  with  the  25 
mm.  ocular  and  16  mm.  objective.  Fig.  6.  was  made  with  the  same  ocular,  but  with  the 
lower  lens  of  the  16  mm.  objective  removed. 


Vol.  XXl'x|  K.NTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  369 

Measurements:  Body,  length  (including  both  cauda  and  frontal  pro- 
tuberance) 2. ii  mm.,  width  of  thorax  0.609  mm.;  antennae,  total  1.79- 
1.81  ;  III,  0.609-0.646  mm.;  IV,  0.340-0.357  mm.;  V,  0.297-0.306  mm.; 
VI,  base,  0.174-0.187  mm.;  VI,  spur,  0.174-0.187  mm.;  cornicles,  width 
at  mouth,  0.025-0.032  mm.;  cauda,  0.119  mm.;  hind  tarsi,  0.170-0.187 
mm.;  wing,  length,  2.77-2.86  mm.;  width,  0.799  mm.;  expansion,  6.14 
mm. ;  third  discoidal  from  base  of  first  branch  to  tip  of  wing,  0.837 
mm. ;  from  base  of  second  branch  to  tip  of  wing,  0.242  mm. 

Apterous  rii'iparous  female. — General  color  of  body  yellow.  Ryes 
reddish  brown.  Antennae  with  segments  I,  II  and  III  (except  ex- 
treme tip)  light  straw-colored;  IV,  V,  VI  (except  spur)  and  tip  of 
III  black.  VI  spur  dusky  but  somewhat  lighter  than  base.  Legs  with 
tarsi  and  joints  black,  remainder  lighter. 

Structural  characters  as  in  alates,  except  no  secondary  sensoria. 

Measurements:  Body,  length  (including  both  cauda  and  frontal  pro- 
tuberance) 2.04-2.28  mm.;  width  of  thorax,  0.51-0.54  mm.;  antennae, 
total  1.22-1.62  mm.;  Ill,  0.408-0.553  mm.;  IV,  0.221-0.306  mm.;  V,  0.204- 
0.272  mm.;  VI,  base,  0.136-0.170  mm.;  VI,  spur,  0.136-0.170  mm.;  cor- 
nicles, width  at  mouth,  0.032-0.035  mm.;  cauda,  0.085-0.119  mm.;  hind 
tarsi,  0.153-0.170  mm. 

This  species  seems  typical  of  the  genus  except  for  the  fact 
that  both  oblique  veins  of  the  hind  wings  are  distinct.  How- 
ever, as  Gillette13  states,  "the  presence  or  absence  of  the  vein 
should  not  be  given  generic  importance."  From  the  figures  of 
T.  z'ernicosa  Gillette,  the  species  seems  very  closely  related  to 
the  one  described  here.  As  only  apterous  oviparous  females  of 
that  species  were  described,  it  cannot  now  be  determined 
whether  or  not  they  are  synonymous. 


A  Gynandromorph  of  Callosamia  angulifcra  and  Melitaea  phaeton 

aber.  streckeri   (Lep.). 

Doris  M.  Armstrong,  of  Brockett  Point,  Branford,  Connecticut,  has 
sent  me  for  examination  two  very  interesting  specimens.  One  is  a  per- 
fect gynandromorph  of  Callosamia  angulifera.  The  wings  of  the  left 
side  are  of  the  dark  color  of  the  male  and  the  antenna  of  this  side  is 
male.  The  wings  and  antenna  of  the  right  side  are  female  in  color  and 
character.  The  specimen  was  a  captured  one. 

Perfect  examples  of  gynandromorphism  are  evidently  of  rare  occur- 
rence and  they  are  more  interesting  when  the  sexes  of  the  species  are 
so  different  in  appearance. 

The  other  example  is  an  aberrant  specimen  of  Melitaea  [>haett»i 
Drury,  and  is  very  similar  to  the  form  described  by  Ellsworth  in  Hnt. 
News  1902,  XIII,  104,  under  the  name  streckeri.  Ah.  streckeri  was 
taken  at  Vestal,  New  York. — HENRY  SKINNER. 

13  Gillette,  C.  P.  Op.  cit..  p.  194. 


3/0  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |DeC.,'l8 

An  Annotated  List  of  Gainesville,  Florida,  Coleoptera. 

By  H.  L.  DOZIER,  University  of  Florida. 

(Continued  from  page  335) 

CHRYSOMELIDAE. 

Lema  brunnicollis  Lee.  A  specimen  taken  in  live  oak  hammock, 
Aug.  20  (J.  R.  W.).  Abundant  on  low  oak  bushes  and  weeds 
in  open  field,  April  11-15. 

Lema  trilineata  Oliv.  Adults  and  larvae  of  all  stages  were  abun- 
dant feeding  on  a  solanaceous  weed,  the  ground  cherry,  in 
open  field,  April  11-15. 

Lema  6-punctata  Oliv.  One  taken  sweeping  weeds  at  hammock 
edge,  May  4. 

Lema  conjuncta  Lee.  Taken  in  flight  along  road  through  ham- 
mock, May  1.  A  specimen  swept  from  oak  foliage,  April  1. 

Lema  solani  Fabr.  Numerous  at  Hogtown  Creek,  April  9,  eating 
the  foliage  of  a  solanaceous  weed.  March  14-April  9. 

Anomoea  laticlavia  Forst.  This  species  has  been  taken  feeding 
on  pine  foliage,  June  8,  and  on  weed  at  Hogtown  Creek, 
April  9.  A  specimen  swept  from  oak,  April  3. 

Coscinoptera  dominicana  Fabr.     Beaten  from  oak  foliage,  April  18. 

Chlamys  plicata  Fabr.  Numbers  of  this  queer-looking  beetle  were 
taken  on  chinquepin  blooms,  evidently  eating  the  pollen, 
May  20. 

Exema  gibber  Oliv.     Taken  in  the  hammocks,  April  2. 

Bassareus  congestus  Fabr.     Beaten  from  oak  foliage,  July  5-24. 

Cryptocephalus  4-maculatus  var.  flavipennis  Hald.  Beaten  from 
wild  cherry  in  bloom  on  road  to  Hogtown  Creek,  March  9. 
Taken  also  on  oak  and  wild  buckeye  foliage,  April  3-18. 

Cryptocephalus  guttulatus  Oliv.  Taken  on  weed  at  Hogtown 
Creek,  April  9.  Beaten  from  oak  foliage,  April  3. 

Cryptocephalus  obsoletus  Germ.  A  specimen  taken  sweeping  grass 
and  low  herbage  in  flatwoods,  Oct.  29. 

Cryptocephalus  badius  Suffr.  A  number  of  specimens  taken  on 
linden,  July  12-14. 

Griburius  larvatus    Newm.      An   undated    specimen. 

Monachus  auritus  Hald.     On  oak  foliage,  April  4. 

Monachus  thoracicus  Cr.  Large  numbers  of  this  little  bronze  chry- 
somelid  were  taken  at  wild  plum  blossoms,  Feb.  18-20.  Abun- 
dant at  cherry  laurel  blooms,  March  1,  and  at  wild  cherry 
blooms,  March  7-9. 

Typophorus  viridicyaneus  Crotch.  One  taken  eating  sweet  potato 
foliage,  Aug.  18. 


Vol.  XX1X|  EXTOMOLOCICAI.    XF.XVS.  37 1 

Typophorus   canellus  Fabr.     Beaten  from  wild  grape. 

Metachroma  marginalis  Cr.     Beating  oak  foliage,  April  3. 

Lina  scripta  Fabr.     Larvae  taken  on  Carolina  poplar,  Aug.  20.     An 

adult   at   light,  April   20. 
Colaspis  brunnea   Fabr.     A   number  on   sweet  potato  foliage,   Aug. 

31.     On  cowpeas,  June  15   (R.  N.  Wilson). 
Colaspis  favosa  Say.     A  specimen  at  light,  June  9.     This  species 

is  of  considerable  economic  importance,  feeding  on  eucalyp- 
tus  and   grape   foliage. 
Ceratoma  trifurcata   Forst.     Taken  in   abundance  on   cowpeas    (R. 

N.  Wilson). 
Trirhabda  brevicollis  Lee.     This  beetle  makes  its  appearance  every 

year  about  the  first  of  April,  having  only  one  brood  a  year. 

Some  years  it  completely  defoliates  all  the  prickly  ash.     The 

first  larvae  of  the  season  have  been  taken  April  1.     The  pupal 

stage  lasts  only  a  few  days. 

Galerucella  notulata  Fabr.     Taken  on  ragweed  (Ambrosia},  July  6. 
Diabrotica   12-punctata   Fabr.     Taken   abundantly   on   a   number   of 

plants. 
Oedionychis  6-maculata   111.     Abundant  on  foliage  of  ash,  together 

with  O.  scalaris,  April  5.     Extremely  quick  in  its  movements. 
Oedionychis  scalaris   Melsh.     Taken   on   ash,   but   not  as  abundant 

as   the   above  species,   April   5-6. 

Oedionychis  fimbriata  Forst.     Beaten  from  oak  foliage,  April  18. 
Disonycha  glabrata  Fabr.     Abundant  on  bull  thistle  while  in  bloom, 

April    20.      Large    numbers    riddling    the    foliage    of    pigweed 

(Amaranthus) ,  May  15.    A  few  taken  on  corn  plants,  Aug.  16. 
Disonycha  triangularis  Say.  Taken  by  sweeping  low  foliage — moist 

hammock  edge,  April   15.     Taken   hibernating  under  old  log 

(C.  Nieland). 
Disonycha  abbreviata  Melsh.     Several  taken  sweeping  low  herbage, 

Feb.  26  and  April  4. 
Phyllotreta  picta  Say.     Very  abundant  on  young  oak  foliage,  March 

10-April   2. 
Haltica  chalybea   111.     This  species  winters  over  in  the  hammocks 

in  Spanish  moss.     An  adult  was  taken  at  wild  plum  blossom 

as  early  as  Feb.  18,  and  by  the  27th  large  numbers  were  be- 
ginning to  work  on  wild  grape  foliage.  Hundreds  were 
swarming  everywhere,  May  5. 

Haltica  ignita  111.     An  unusual  swarm  of  this  flea-beetle  occurred 
at  lights,  April  27.    Crepe  myrtle  seems  to  be  a  favorite  food 
plant,  as  this  plant  is  simply  riddled  at  times. 
Haltica  marevagans  Horn.     The  wild  Ocnothcra  is  the  favorite  food 

plant  of  this  species.     They  made  their  appearance  about  April 


372  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,  ?l8 

26th  and  simply  riddled  this  plant.  After  this  plant  was  gone, 
they  went  to  Jussicua.  Abundant,  April  26-Sept.  12. 

Blepharida  rhois  Forst.  Adults  and  larvae  were  very  abundant 
on  young  sumac,  April  11-15.  Larvae  were  also  abundant, 
Sept.  29,  so  that  there  must  be  a  number  of  broods  per 
year. 

Chaetocnema  confinis  Cr.  Occurs  in  abundance  in  the  hammocks 
on  the  foliage  of  basswood,  wild  cherry,  buckeye,  and  vari- 
ous other  trees  and  shrubs,  March  3-April. 

Chaetocnema  pulicaria  Melsh.     Taken  on  corn  (R.  N.  Wilson). 

Psylliodes  elegans  Horn.  Taken  on  oats,  April  15  (R.  N.  Wilson). 
Abundant  by  sweeping  grass  and  low  vegetation  in  open 
field,  April  1-3. 

Octotoma  plicatula  Fabr.  The  first  adult  of  the  season  was  taken 
on  buckeye  leaf,  March  6.  The  ash  is  their  first  choice  as 
a  food  plant,  and  by  March  25  large  numbers  are  at  work 
on  this  plant.  They  are  to  be  found  for  only  a  few  weeks 
and  then  disappear.  As  far  as  I  have  observed,  they  have 
only  a  single  brood  a  year. 

Chalepus  bicolor  Oliv.  Several  specimens  taken  sweeping  low 
foliage  at  hammock  edge,  April  1. 

Chalepus  rubra  Weber.  Several  have  been  taken  between  leaf- 
tyer's  old  nests  in  the  hammocks  on  oak  from  Jan.  25-March  2. 
They  begin  to  get  abundant  on  linden,  the  foliage  of  which  they 
eat,  by  the  middle  of  March.  As  with  O.  plicatula,  they  are 
present  for  only  a  few  weeks  and  then  disappear.  A  specimen 
was  taken  on  oak,  May  I,  and  a  pair  in  copula  on  linden,  June  n. 

Chalepus  notatus  Oliv.  A  few  were  taken  on  blackberry,  Ostrya 
and  oak,  April  4-5. 

Metriona  (Coptocycla)  purpurata  Boh.  This  species  has  been  taken 
on  buckeye,  oak  and  wild  morning-glory  vines,  March  is-May  15. 
It  is  rather  uncommon  and  its  favorite  food  plant  is  Ipomoea. 

Deloyala  (Coptocycla)  clavata  Fabr.  A  specimen  of  this  rough- 
backed  cassid  was  taken  on  a  weed  at  Hogtown  Creek,  April 
9.  Several  taken  on  oak  foliage,  Dec.  2-3.  This  is  more  of  a 
northern  insect,  and  this  record  extends  the  distribution  of 
the  species  for  a  considerable  distance  south  of  its  usual 
range. 

Chirida  (Coptocycla)  guttata  Oliv.  Occurs  on  wild  sweet  potato 
vines.  A  specimen  was  taken  on  wild  mustard  foliage.  April 
20-Aug.  12. 

Coptocycla  bicolor  Fabr.  An  abundant  species  occurring  on  the 
foliage  of  Ipomoea  and  oak  the  year  round,  Dec.  4-Aug.  12. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    XE\V>.  3/3 

Porphyraspis  cyanea  Say.  This  species  is  found  only  on  saw-pal- 
metto, Jan.  1-Oct.  28. 

Chelymorpha  argus  Licht.  A  specimen  was  taken  in  crevice  of  old 
log  at  hammock  edge,  Feb.  18  (C.  Xieland). 

TENEBRIONIDAE. 

Nyctobates  barbata  Knoch.  Found  beneath  loose  bark  of  decaying 
tree  trunks.  It  is  typical  of  this  habitat.  Oct.  20. 

Epitragus  tomentosus  Lee.  Taken  beating  oak.  Extremely  com- 
mon the  year  round. 

Polypleurus  nitidus  Lee.  Very  common  under  old  logs  and  boards 
on  the  forest  floor  in  both  piny  woods  and  at  hammock 
margin.  Simulates  death  when  disturbed.  Jan.  14-Feb.  3. 

Polypleurus  geminatus  Sol.  Less  common  than  the  above  species, 
but  is  typical  of  the  same  habitat.  Jan.  14-Feb.  3. 

Uloma  impressa  Melsh.  Large  numbers  beneath  bark  of  fallen 
pine  log,  Nov.  19. 

Uloma  punctulata  Lee.  Taken  with  U.  impressa  in  abundance,  Nov. 
19. 

Diaperis  maculata  var.  floridana  Blatch.  Found  occasionally  be- 
neath loose  bark  hibernating,  April  27. 

Boletotherus  bifurcus  Fabr.  Found  occasionally  on  shelf  fungi  in 
the  hammocks. 

Adelina  lecontei  Horn.  Numbers  taken  beneath  bark  of  oak  limbs 
in  pile,  Feb.  4.  Evidently  not  hibernating,  as  larvae  presum- 
ably of  this  species  were  found  working  with  them. 

Helops  cisteloides  Germ.  Scarce.  Characteristic  of  rotten  logs  and 
stumps  both  in  piny  woods  and  hammock,  Jan.  15-28. 

CISTEI.IDAE. 
Hymenorus  obscurus  Say.     Taken  on  oak  foliage,  May  2. 

OEDEMERIDAE. 

Oxacis  thoracica  Fabr.  Found  abundantly  on  chinquepin  during  its 
entire  blooming  period,  April  27-May  24. 

MORDELLIDAE. 

Tomoxia  lineella  Lee.     A  specimen  taken  beating  oak,  April  18. 

ANTHICIDAE. 

Notoxus  calcaratus  Horn.  Frequent  on  the  foliage  of  oak,  hickory 
and  other  trees,  April  29. 

MELOIDAE. 

Pyrota  sinuata  Oliv.     One  taken  at  lights,  Sept.   19. 
Nemognatha  piezata  Fabr.     Very  numerous  at  bull  thistle  blooms, 

May  2fi. 
Epicauta  marginata  Fabr.     Taken  on  wild  Gerardia  plant,  Aug.  31. 


374  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [L\'C.,'lR 

Epicauta  strigosa  Gyll.     Abundant  at  blooms  of  a  composite,  Sept. 

25. 

RHIPIPHORIDAE. 
Rhipiphorus    octomaculatus    Gerst.      A    specimen    taken    on    okra 

plant,  Aug.  1. 
Rhipiphorus    cruentus    Germ.      One    taken    at    chinquepin    bloom, 

April  26. 

CURCULIONIDAE. 

Attelabus  analis  111.     The  adults  of  this  little  reddish  weevil  made 

their  appearance   about   March   20.     On   this   date   they   were 

few  in   number,   and   their  work  on   oak   was  just  beginning. 

By    March    27    the    adults    were    numerous,    and    their    work 

could  be  noticed  everywhere. 

Pterocolus  ovatus  Fabr.     Several  taken  on  oak  foliage,  April  13-15. 
Tachygonus  lecontei  Gyll.     Beaten  from  oak,  prickly  ash  and  holly, 

Dec.  4  and  April  18. 

Pandeleteius  hilaris  Hbst.     Abundant  on  oak,  in  April. 
Anthonomus  rufipennis   Lee.     Numbers   taken   on   hickory  foliage, 

April   Ifi.     Active  at  night  running  over  the  foliage. 
Prionomerus  calceatus  Say.     Taken  on  oak  foliage,  April  5. 
Centrinus  albotectus   Casey.     Abundant   in   blooms  of  composites, 

dewberry,  and  Cratcgus.  March  i-May  15. 
Craponius  inaequalis  Say.    Taken  on  hickory  foliage,  April  2.  Makes 

a   squeaking  noise   when  handled. 
Conotrachelus  anaglypticus  Say.     A  specimen  found  on  newly  cut 

oak  stump  in  hammock,  March  8.     Several  beaten  from  buck- 
eye at  Hogtown  Creek,  March  5. 

Eugnamptus  striatus  Lee.     On  young  oak  foliage,  March  10. 
Calandra  oryzae  Linn.     This  weevil  is  very  abundant  at  chinquepin 

blooms,   April  28-May   24. 
Chalcodermus    collaris    Horn.      A    specimen    taken    on    corn    plant, 

Aug.   16. 
Chalcodermus  aeneus  Boh.    A  serious  pest  of  cowpeas,  Aug.  Taken 

eating  tips  of  young  oak  shrubs.  May. 
Wollastonia  quercicola  Boh.     Taken  at  light.  May  9. 

SCOLYTIDAE. 

Ips  calligraphus  Germ.  Found  in  large  numbers  with  its  galleries 
in  the  bark  of  fallen  pine,  Aug.  3.  On  this  date  the  majority 
were  just  issuing  from  the  pupal  stage,  but  large  numbers  of 
fullgrown  larvae  and  pupae  were  present. 

Platypus  compositus  Say.    Two  females  taken  at  light,  Nov.  14. 

Xylobiops  basilaris  Say.  A  specimen  taken  at  light,  Sept.  17.  This 
species  was  reared  from  Japanese  persimmon  wood. 

Xyleborus  xylographus  Say.     A  specimen  taken  at  light,  June  8. 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  375 

A  Note  on  Insects  Found  on  Snow  at  High 

Elevations. 

By  L.  O.  HOWARD,  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Entomology, 
Washington,  D.  C. 

The  literature  of  this  subject  is  very  considerable  in  quan- 
tity and  widely  scattered.  Some  day,  I  hope,  some  one  will 
bring  it  together.  This  note  is  simply  a  contribution  to  the 
subject. 

Mr.  Titus  Ulke,  of  Washington,  gave  a  lecture  on  this 
general  topic  before  the  Aquarium  Society  of  Washington  in 
the  winter  of  1916-17,  in  which  he  recorded  observations 
which  he  had  made  in  the  Mount  Rainier  National  Park  ;  and 
Mr.  F.  E.  Matthes,  of  the  Geological  Survey,  in  a  bulletin 
published  in  1914,  makes  additional  contributions.  Mr. 
Matthes'  bulletin  inspired  several  letters  from  different  cor- 
respondents. Writing  to  him  myself,  he  replied  in  some  de- 
tail and  referred  me  to  Dean  W.  O.  Cone,  of  the  Cathedral 
of  Saint  John,  Ouincy,  Illinois,  who  had  written  to  him  about 
certain  observations  which  he  had  made  some  years  ago,  which 
interested  me  so  much  that  I  wrote  to  Dean  Cone  and  re- 
ceived the  following  reply,  which  is  of  such  interest  that  it 

should  be  published. 

(Copy) 

Cathedral   of    St.   John, 

Quincy,  Illinois, 

Feb.   I,   1918. 
Mr.  T..  O.  HOWARD. 

Chief,  Bureau  of  Entomology. 
My  dear  Sir : 

Your  letter  of  Jan.  29  relative  to  my  observations  of  Coreidae  is  at 
hand. 

I  am  blessed  with  sharp  eyes  and  a  retentive  memory,  and  am 
reasonably  certain  that  the  following  account  is  accurate: 

In  company  with  Rev.  Hudson  Stuck,  who  afterward  made  the  first 
ascent  of  Denali,  or  Mt.  McKinlev.  and  several  others,  I  began  the 
ascent  of  Sierra  Blanca  from  the  western  side  in  Aug.,  1904.  This  is  a 
group  of  the  Sangre  de  Cristo,  and  consists  of  several  peaks,  the 
highest  of  which  is  about  14,500  feet.  We  pitched  our  camp  at  extreme 
timber  line,  and  made  our  explorations  from  there.  About  13,000  feet 


376  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [DeC..'T<S 

there  is  a  crater  lake,  surrounded  by  talus,   in  which  at  that  season 
were  some  small   fields  of  snow,  on  the  north  side  of  the  mountain 
crest,  reaching  down  to  the  lake.     A  fine  stream  issued  from  this  lake, 
and   passed   through   other    smaller   lakes,    some   of   which   were    filled 
completely  with  the  debris  of  the  mountain.     The  largest  snow   field 
was   on   the   south   shore   of   the  crater  lake   and   was   reflected   in   the 
water  like  a  giant  spear-head.     This  extended  up  a  rift  in  the  wall  of 
rock  about  200  feet  and  continued  along  the  water  for  perhaps  twice 
that   distance.     There   was   no   vegetation   whatever   around   the   lake, 
the  snow  and  rock  coming  sharply  to  the  water's  edge.     One  portion 
of  this  snow  field  had  a  reddish  tinge,  which  we  took  to  be  the  effect 
of  dust,  the  mountain  walls  being  very  red.     As  we  came  nearer,  this 
reddish  tinge  was  overlaid  by  a  very  soft  and  unusual  tint  of  green. 
We  were  looking  then  toward  the  sun,  and  I  thought  it  was  an  optical 
effect,  until  we  arrived  at  the  edge  of  the  lake.     The  snow  then  had 
lost  its  brightness,  and  looked  very  dirty.     Scattered  all  over  it  were 
the  torpid  or  dead  bodies  of  the  insects.     A  boy  in  the  party  called  out, 
'Look  at  the  squash  bugs!'     I  picked  up  and  examined  several   speci- 
mens.   They  were  the  color  of  fresh  spring  leaves ;  had  the  flat  thorax 
and    wing-shields,   with   the    small   head   and   the    sucking-tube    of    the 
Coreidae.     I   did  not  see  any  of  them  in  motion,  and  concluded  that 
they  had  been   paralyzed  or  killed   by  the   cold.     The   fourth  member 
of  our  party  to  arrive  said:     'Them's  stink-bugs,'  thus  confirming  my 
conclusion.     He   also   declared   that  he  had   seen   that   species   on   the 
aspens  at  the   foot  of  the  mountain,  but   I   had  never   observed  them 
there.     The  specimens  which  I  observed,  several  hundred,  were   fully 
developed,  and  capable  of  flight.    I  collected  some,  and  intended  giving 
them  to  the  University  of  Colorado,  but  an  accident  which  happened 
the  same  day  took  me  away  in  great  haste.     I   lost  all  my  specimens, 
and  never  was  able  to  return  to  that  spot.     Nothing  relative  to   this 
expedition  ever  was  published. 

Enos  Mills,  a  well-known  writer  on  Rocky  Mountain  natural  history, 
tells  me  that  he  has  never  encountered  the  Coreidae,  but  thinks  they 
'would  most  likely  be  found  in  the  high-lands  of  Southern  Colorado.' 
—WILLIAM  O.  CONE. 

So  far  as  I  know,  there  is  no  observation  on  record  at  all 
comparable  to  this  one  made  by  Dean  Cone  and  his  party. 
There  can  be  little  doubt  as  to  the  general  position  he  has 
assigned  to  these  creatures  which  occurred  in  such  great  num- 
bers. Mr.  A.  N.  Caudell,  in  his  paper  on  insects  found  on 
Pikes  Peak,  read  before  the  Entomological  Society  of  Wash- 
ington, February  13,  1902,  records  Lygaens  turcicits  as  "very 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLor,rr.\L  XF.WS.  377 

abundant."     This  seems  to  be  the  only  recorded  observation 
which  at  all  parallels  that  of  Dean  Cone's  party. 

After  all,  there  is  really  nothing  very  surprising  about  these 
observations.  Almost  any  insect  which  flies  strongly  is  apt  to 
be  carried  up  by  currents  of  wind  and  deposited  upon  glaciers, 
and  when  these  insects  are  unusually  abundant  such  remark- 
able occurrences  upon  glaciers  as  reported  by  Dean  Cone  are 
likely  to  happen.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  in  certain  regions  such 
carriage  by  upward  currents  of  air  may  have  an  appreciable 
effect  upon  the  temporary  abundance  of  certain  species  at 
lower  levels.  In  a  recent  paper,  for  example,  Dr.  W.  M. 
Wheeler,*  referring  to  the  finding  of  dealated  qvieens  of 
Liometopuni  apiculatum  Mayr  at  an  elevation  of  9,400  feet, 
concludes  that  these  individuals  "had  been  wafted  to  this  alti- 
tude the  previous  summer,  and  had  perished,  probably  from 
cold,  while  endeavoring  to  found  new  colonies."  He  further 
adds : 

These  observations  strengthen  Forel's  and  my  contention  that  in 
mountainous  regions  queen  ants  are  often  borne  up  by  air-currents  to 
elevations  at  which  the  physical  conditions  will  not  permit  them  to 
establish  the  species.  It  is  very  probable  that  this  process  continues 
year  after  vear  and  that  it  mav  constitute  an  appreciable  drain  on 
certain  ant  populations  at  lower  altitudes. 


Change  of  Address. 

The  following  change  of  address  is  requested:  from  E.  D.  r.all, 
State  Entomologist,  Madison,  Wisconsin,  to  E.  D.  Ball,  Department  of 
Zoology  and  Entomology,  Ames,  Iowa. 

Honors  to   Entomologists. 

Dr.  F.  D.  Godman,  surviving  founder  and  editor  of  the  Rinloyia  Ccn- 
trali-Americana,  has  been  awarded  the  gold  medal  of  the  Linnean  So- 
ciety of  London,  according  to  The  I:ut>>iiioli></ist.  which  also  states  that 
Dr.  Paul  Marchal,  President  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  France, 
was  elected  an  Honorary  Fellow  of  the  Entomological  Society  of 
London  on  March  20,  1918.  Prof.  Auguste  Lameere,  of  the  University 
of  Brussels,  has  been  elected  a  foreign  correspondent  of  the  Tnstitut 
de  France  (Academy  of  Sciences),  according  to  the  Bulletin  of  the 
Entomological  Society  of  France  (1918,  page  iSi). 

*"Notes  on  the  Marriage  Flights  of  Some  Sonuran  Ants,"  /'.vy./i,  . 
Vol.  XXIV,  No.  6.  pp.  177-180. 


3/8  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,  'l8 

Dates  of  Issue  of  the  Plates  of  Guerin's  Iconographie 

du  Regne  Animal  (Lepid.). 
By  J.  McDuNNOUGH,  Decatur,  Illinois. 

In  1909  (Ent.  News,  XX,  396)  Mr.  N.  Banks  had  an  inter- 
esting note  regarding  the  dates  of  this  publication  in  which  he 
showed  conclusively  that  the  plates  were  published  previously 
to  the  text  and  that,  if  a  named  figure  be  considered  valid  (a 
generally  accepted  principle  nowadays,  I  believe),  all  such 
names  should  be  credited  with  a  date  prior  to  1838. 

In  connection  with  our  Catalogue  of  North  American  Lepi- 
doptera  I  have  recently  had  occasion  to  go  into  the  matter  of 
the  dates  of  the  plates  of  this  work  relating  to  the  Lepidoptera 
(Plates  76-91)  more  closely  and  find  that  in  all  probability 
they  were  all  issued  prior  to  1832.  Henderson's  English  Edi- 
tion of  Cuvier's  Regne  Animal  contains  what  are  obviously 
poor  reproductions  of  all  of  Guerin's  plates,  our  copy  of  the 
illustrations  of  this  work  bearing  the  date  1834.  We  have  not 
a  copy  of  Griffith's  Animal  Kingdom  (1832)  available,  but 
it  must  at  least  contain  reproductions  of  some  if  not  all  of 
Guerin's  plates.  Mr.  Banks,  to  whom  we  wrote  regarding 
these  plates,  has  been  kind  enough  to  copy  for  us  a  note  to 
the  "Alphabetical  List  of  Species  of  Insects  figured"  which 
reads  as  follows :—  "Many  of  the  species  figured  did  not  occur 
till  after  the  supplementary  observations  on  the  order  to 
which  they  belong  were  printed ;  as  these  therefore  are  not 
noticed  in  the  work,  a  brief  description  of  them  is  inserted  in 
this  list ;  descriptions  are  also  inserted  of  all  those  published 
by  M.  Guerin,  in  his  'Iconographie  du  Regne  Animal,'  which 
have  been  copied  in  this  work,  no  accounts  of  which  have 
hitherto  been  published  by  M.  Guerin."  It  is  quite  plain  there- 
fore that  Guerin's  plates  were  merely  copied  in  Griffith's 
work  and  that  Gray's  descriptions  incorporated  in  the  List  are 
antedated  by  Guerin's  figures.  Rothschild  &  Jordan  note  this 
fact  with  regard  to  Chlaeno gramma  jasiiihicanun  (PI.  84)  in 
their  Revision  of  the  Sphingidae,  p.  05,  although  Smcrintlius 
io,  figured  on  the  same  plate,  is  credited  by  them  to  Gray  on 
page  331  for  some  reason  that  is  not  very  obvious  to  me. 


Vol.  XXJx]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    \K\\>.  379 

Plate  80  contains  a  figure  of  Satynis  balder  which  is  re- 
ferred to  by  Boisduval  himself  in  the  Icones,  p.  189  under  the 
new  genus  Chionobas;  it  has  been  shown  by  Scudder  (Hist. 
Sketch,  pp.  98  and  140)  that  this  portion  of  the  Icones  was 
published  probably  late  in  1832;  the  same  plate  contains  a 
figure  of  a  species  called  Humane  to.vea  Godt.  which  Gucrin 
in  the  text  (page  489)  notes  is  a  misidentification,  referring 
the  species  to  atala  Poey,  a  name  published  in  April,  1832, 
presumably  after  Plate  80  had  been  issued. 

Plate  81  contains  Polvoinmatus  tJioe  which  is  referred  to 
in  the  text  of  Boisduval's  Lep.  Am.  Sept.,  p.  125,  this  portion 
of  the  work  having  been  issued  in  all  probability  late  in  1833 
(znde  Scudder,  Hist.  Sketch). 

In  view  of  the  above  facts  I  believe  therefore  that  these 
plates  must  be  considered  as  having  been  published  between 
j_829  and  ^8_3J.;  the  ne\v  N.  American  species  contained  on 
them  have  been  variously  credited  to  Boisduval,  Gray  or  Guer- 
in,  but,  since  it  is  the  figure  on  Guerin's  plate  that  holds  the 
name,  both  Mr.  Banks  and  myself  are  of  the  opinion  that 
Guerin  must  be  considered  to  be  the  author  in  all  instances 
but  one.  This  single  exception  is  found  on  Plate  87,  fig.  8, 
where  the  figure  of  a  Limacodid  larva  is  listed  in  Guerin's 
text  as  "Chen,  de  Lim.  indeterminee"  which  is  certainly  no 
specific  name  ;  Griffith  in  his  copy  of  Guerin's  plate  first  latin- 
izes this  to  Limacodes  indetenninus.  which  name  we  presume 
will  hold  and  should  be  credited  to  Griffith  ;  that  Gray  had 
nothing  to  do  with  the  name  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  there 
is  no  text  description  of  the  insect. 

I  would  further  note  that  the  description  of  Limacodes 
strigata  imago  in  the  text  (p.  512)  seems  to  refer  to  Sis\rosca 
Ic.rtnla  H.  S..  but  the  larva  on  which  the  name  is  based  is  cor- 
rectly referred  by  Dyar  to  dclphinli.  Scricaria  ranocccps  (  PI. 
87,  fig.  i)  with  habitat  as  N.  America,  according  to  the  text, 
appears  to  have  been  omitted  from  all  our  catalogues:  it  is  a 
Datana  species,  possibly  floridaiia  Graef,  but  an  exact  deter- 
mination from  the  figure  seems  impossible.  Plat  \ptcr\.\-  glo- 


380  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,  'l8 

bidariae  (PI.  88,  fig.  9)  is  also  recorded  in  the  text  (p.  520) 
from  N.  America ;  the  species  looks  like  a  Geometer,  but  I  fail 
to  recognize  it  and  think  that  possibly  the  locality  given  may 
be  erroneous ;  the  figure  is  striking  enough  to  make  identifi- 
cation fairly  easy. 

In  the  light  of  the  above   remarks  the   following  changes 
should  be  made  in  our  Check  List : 

123  balder  Guer.  instead  of  balder  Bdv. 

328  virginiensis  Gucr.  instead  of  virginiensis  Gray. 

404  thoe  Gucr.  instead  of  thoe  Bdv. 

670  jasminearum  Gucr.  instead  of  jasminearum  Bdv. 

709  to  Guer.  instead  of  io  Gray. 

1033  lecontei  Guer.  instead  of  lecontei  Bdv. 

3669  borealis  Gucr.  instead  of  borealis  Bdv. 

4813  indetermina  Griff,  instead  of  indetermina  Bdv. 

4816  delphinii  Guer.  instead  of     delphinii  Bdv. 

strigata  Guer.  instead  of  strigata  Bdv. 

4889  sepulchralis  Guer.  instead  of  sepulchralis  Bdv. 

lugubris  Guer.  instead  of  lugubris  Bdv. 

6755  asilipennis  Guer.  instead  of  asilipennis  Bdv. 


Studies  in  the  Tenebrionid  Tribe  Eleodiini.     No.  4 

(Coleop.). 

By  F.  E.  BLAISDELL,  Sr.,  M.D.,  San  Francisco,  California. 

The  status  of  a  part  of  the  races  described  in  the  present 
contribution  has  been  in  doubt  for  a  long  time.  The  opportu- 
nity of  examining  larger  series  than  had  previously  been  at 
hand  is  clearing  up  slowly  many  enigmas  in  the  genus  Eleodes. 

Much  credit  is  due  Mr.  Nunenmacher  for  his  enthusiasm 
and  persistency  in  exploring  out  of  the  way  regions. 

Eleodes  (Blapylis)  parvicollis  var.  squalida  n.  var. 

Form  oblong-oval  to  ovate,  slightly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide. 
Color  deep  black,  elytra  shining,  head  and  pronotum  duller  in  lustre. 

Head  a  little  less  than  one-half  as  wide  as  the  pronotum,  compara- 
tively small,  about  as  wide  as  long ;  finely  punctate,  punctures  some- 
what sparse  centrally,  denser  laterally,  with  a  small  glabrous  space  at 
the  epistomal  base,  that  sometimes  extends  upon  the  epistoma;  front 
slightly  convex  and  not  impressed.  Antennae  short,  not  quite  extend- 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  381 

ing  to  the  pronotal  base,  almost  slender,  last  three  joints  forming  a 
feeble,  parallel  club;  third  joint  not  quite  as  long  as  the  next  two  taken 
together,  joints  four  to  eight  longer  than  wide  and  obconical,  joints 
four  to  six  increasing  slightly  in  length,  the  fourth  distinctly  longer 
than  the  fifth,  joints  seven  and  eight  subequal  in  length,  ninth  and 
tenth  triangular,  about  as  wide  as  long  and  slightly  wider  than  the 
preceding  joints,  eleventh  short  oval,  scarcely  longer  than  wide. 

Pronotum  slightly  transverse,  a  little  more  than  one-third  wider 
than  long;  sides  evenly  arcuate  in  anterior  four-fifths,  more  strongly 
so  just  before  the  somewhat  suddenly  formed  basal  constriction  at 
basal  fifth,  here  the  sides  are  straight  and  parallel;  apex  a  little  wider 
than  the  base  and  truncato-sinuate ;  apical  angles  obtuse  and  scarcely 
rounded ;  base  quite  truncate,  and  the  angles  distinctly  rectangular ; 
disk  evenly  convex  from  side  to  side,  not  strongly  so,  rather  finely 
punctate,  punctures  evenly  dispersed,  separated  by  once  or  thrice  their 
diameters,  slightly  denser  and  feebly  asperate  laterally. 

Proplcurae  not  rugose  and  sparsely  punctate. 

Elytra  oval,  slightly  oblong,  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide ;  humeri 
distinct,  narrowly  rounded,  and  not  in  the  least  prominent;  base  trun- 
cate ;  sides  more  or  less  moderately  arcuate ;  disk  moderately  convex, 
rather  strongly  rounded  laterally,  inflexed  sides  feebly  arcuate,  pos- 
teriorly arcuately  declivous,  punctures  moderately  coarse  and  strong, 
rather  closely  placed  and  more  or  less  serial  in  arrangement,  series 
rather  closely  placed,  strial  punctures  scarcely  coarser  than  those  of 
the  intervals  and  separated  by  about  their  own  diameters,  intervals 
sparsely  punctate,  all  the  punctures  becoming  more  irregular  and  con- 
fused laterally,  the  strial  series  almost  distinct  to  the  lateral  declivity ; 
surface  scarcely  asperate,  setae  not  visible. 

Parapleura  moderately  coarsely  and  densely  punctate. 

Sterna  rather  densely  and  not  coarsely  punctate.  Prosternum  not 
mucronate. 

Abdomen  shining  and  not  coarsely  nor  densely  sculptured,  slightly 
rugulose. 

Legs  moderate  in  length  and  stoutness. 

$ . — Oblong-oval,  slightly  narrowed  anteriorly,  sides  of  elytra  less 
arcuate,  body  narrower ;  abdomen  less  convex  and  feebly  oblique  to 
the  sterna.  Protarsi  with  yellow  pads  on  the  first  three  joints,  pads 
dense  and  convex  on  joints  one  and  two,  pad  transverse  and  com- 
posed of  straight  golden  spinules  at  apex  of  joint  three;  on  the  fourth 
joint  the  spinules  are  lateral  and  the  plantar  groove  is  open.  Meso- 
tarsi  with  a  small  pad  at  apex  of  first  joint. 

9  . — Ovate,  elytra  broader.  Abdomen  horizontal  and  more  strongly 
convex.  Tarsi  without  pubescent  pads  beneath. 

Measurements. —  $,  length  12.8  mm.,  width  5.5  mm.  9  ,  length  13.0 
mm.,  width  6.0  mm. 


382  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,  'l8 

Types:  $  and  9  in  the  author's  collection.  Collectors 
Blaisdell  and  Letcher. 

Type  locality  and  habitat:  Davis'  Meadow  near  Railroad 
Flat,  Calaveras  County,  California.  Elev.  1400  ft.,  June.  A 
series  of  fifteen  specimens. 

Remarks :  At  first  glance  squalida  resembles  cordata  in 
form  and  elytral  sculpturing,  except  the  serial  arrangement ; 
the  pronotal  punctuation  is  that  of  parvicollis.  It  is  of  interest 
to  note  that  the  pronotum  is  exactly  of  the  same  form  and 
proportion  in  both  sexes — equally  arcuate  and  equally  con- 
stricted at  base. 

Squalida  is  one  of  the  many  interesting  geographical  races 
of  parz'icollis,  and  still  more  so  when  we  consider  that  a  race 
of  cordata  inhabits  the  same  region  and  presents  analogous 
variations  of  sculpturing— namely  horrida,  described  below. 

The  environment  is  a  small  meadow  surrounded  by  pines 
(Pimts  ponderosa  Dougl.)  with  white  oaks  (Ouercns  lobata- 
Nee.)  in  the  open  areas.  The  ground  is  more  or  less  shaded 
and  the  usual  mat  of  pine  needles  covers  the  ground  among 
the  pines,  and  in  the  open  under  the  oaks,  the  oak  leaves,  dead 
branches  and  bark  cove^  the  ground.  Since  the  series  of 
squalida  was  collected,  some  twenty  years  ago,  a  fire  has 
swept  the  region  and  greatly  thinned  out  the  pines.  In  this 
same  spot  Omits  blaisdelli  Casey  was  taken. 

Eleodes  (Blapylis)  pimelioides  var.  patruelis  n.  var. 

Moderately  robust,  ovate  to  ovate-oval,  dull  in  lustre,  and  about  twice 
as  long  as  wide  ;  prothorax  more  or  less  strongly  constricted  at  base, 
densely  punctate,  intervals  mere  lines ;  elytra  sculptured  with  small 
and  more  or  less  rounded  granules  or  tubercles  laterally,  subasperately 
punctate  each  side  of  the  suture;  tubercles  shining  at  summit,  not 
reclinate  or  distinctly  piliferous. 

Head  densely  and  somewhat  coarsely  punctate.  Antennae  some- 
what shorter  than  in  pimelioides,  otherwise  the  same. 

Pronotum  widest  at  the  middle,  about  one-third  of  the  length  wider 
than  long;  sides  evenly  arcuate  in  front  of  the  middle  and  convergent, 
slightly  subangulate  at  the  middle,  and  thence  obliquely  and  feebly 
arcuate  to  become  sinuate  at  basal  seventh,  and  then  straight  and 
parallel  to  the  basal  angles,  the  latter  rectangular;  base  feebly  arcu- 
ate ;  apex  feebly  emarginate  with  angles  obtuse. 


Vol.  xxixj  K\T<'.M<>L<><;ic.\L  XKYVS.  383 

Elytra  not  broadly  oval  to  suboblong,  widest  at  the  middle  and  about 
one-half  wider  than  long;  disk  more  or  less  evenly  and  feebly  convex 
in  the  central  area,  broadly  and  stronglv  convex  laterally,  and  more  or 
less  vertically  declivous  posteriorly;  surface  sculpturing  without  any 
evidence  of  order,  intervals  between  the  tubercles  not  rugose,  laterally 
the  tubercles  are  feebly  asperate  and  the  setae  minute.  Otherwise  as 
in  pimclioides. 

$  . — Narrower  and  oblong-ovate.  Abdomen  feebly  convex,  first  seg- 
ment somewhat  impressed  at  middle ;  feebly  oblique  to  the  sterna. 
First  two  joints  of  the  protarsi  with  darkish  tufts  of  pubescence,  the 
tuft  of  the  first  joint  is  truncate  at  tip.  larger  and  more  rounded  than 
that  of  the  second,  here  the  tuft  is  apical  and  transverse;  the  third 
joint  has  a  divided  tuft  and  the  plantar  groove  is  distinct,  the  meso- 
tarsi  have  a  quite  small,  transverse,  apical  tuft  on  the  first  joint. 

9. — Broader  and  ovate.  First  joint  of  the  protarsi  rounded  and 
thickened  at  tip  beneath;  second  and  third  joints  transversely  thick- 
ened at  tips. 

Measurements. — Length,  10.0  (  $  }  to  11.5  (9)  mm.;  width,  5.0 
(  $  )  to  575  (  9  )  mm. 

Types  (  $  and  9  )  in  the  collection  of  the  California 
Academy  of  Sciences. 

Type  locality :  Provo  Canyon,  Wasatch  Mountains,  Utah. 
Collector  J.  R.  Slevin,  May  2ist,  1913.  Number  of  speci- 
mens studied,  19. 

Remarks:  Patnidis  is  rather  more  robust  than  pimclioidcs, 
the  sculpturing  finer,  the  sides  of  the  pronotum  are  more 
broadly  rounded  and  the  constriction  is  distinctly  shorter. 

Eleodes  (Blapylis)  cordata  var.  horrida  n.  var. 

Form  as  in  cordata.  Deep  black,  polished  and  shining.  Head  sculp- 
tured as  in  cordata.  Pronotal  disk  coarsely,  very  densely,  deeply  and 
more  or  less  confluently  punctate ;  intervals  mere  convex  lines. 

Elytra  very  coarsely,  densely  and  rugosely  muricato-tuberculate 
throughout,  with  longitudinal  series  of  punctures  that  are  more  or  less 
distinct. 

$  . — Narrower  than   in  typical   cordata. 
9  . — Elytra  less  broadly  oval. 

Measurements. —  $,  length,  10.5  mm.;  width,  4.5  mm.  9  ,  length,  n.o 
mm. ;  width,  5.7  mm. 

Types :  $  and  9  in  the  author's  collection.  Collectors 
Blaisdell  and  Letcher. 

T\f>e  lociilitv  and  luibitat:  Davis'  Mr;i<l<>\v,  near  Railroad 
Flat,  Calaveras  County,  California;  clcv.  1400  ft.,  June. 


384  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,  'l8 

Remarks :  Horrida  is  very  coarsely  sculptured  and  with 
longitudinal  series  of  punctures  on  the  elytra.  The  sculptural 
deviations  from  the  typical  form  are  analogous  to  those 
presented  by  squalida. 

In  the  monograph  (Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.)  specimens 
from  Calaveras  County  were  referred  to  the  typical  form  of 
cordata  ;  the  latter  is  found  on  the  San  Francisco  peninsula, 
and  in  the  Sacramento  and  San  Joaquin  Valleys,  but  not 
extending  into  the  foot-hills  of  the  western  slope  of  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mountains.  In  horrida  the  pronotum  is  different  in 
the  two  sexes  as  in  typical  cordata;  in  patrnelis  the  pronotum 
presents  much  less  sexual  differentiation  and  is  almost  simi- 
lar in  form  in  the  two  sexes. 

Eleodes  (Blapylis)  inculta  var.  affinis  n.  var. 

Form  of  inculta,  from  which  it  differs  as  follows :  Males  rather 
more  elongate ;  pronotum  narrower  in  both  sexes,  with  the  side  mar- 
gins distinctly  and  briefly  sinuate  before  the  basal  angles,  the  latter 
slightly  prominent.  Elytral  sculpturing  rather  mere  asperate,  but  not 
coarsely  so. 

In  the  male  type  the  pronotum  is  about  as  wide  as  long,  with  the 
sides  evenly  arcuate  and  just  the  least  sinuate  before  the  subdentiform 
apical  angles;  tarsi  as  in  inculta. 

In  the  female  the  tarsal  pubescence  is  somewhat  heavier. 

Measurements. — Length,  12.5  to  15.5  mm. ;  width,  5.7  to  8.6  mm. 

Types:  <>  and  9  in  the  collection  of  the  California  Academy 
of  Sciences. 

Type  locality:  Santa  Cruz  Island.  Collector  J.  R.  Slevin, 
April  1 3th,  1913.  Number  of  specimens  studied,  7. 

Habitat:  Santa  Cruz  and  San  Miguel  Islands,  off  the  coast 
of  California,  south  of  Santa  Barbara. 

Remarks:  The  series  of  affinis  have  been  compared  with 
twenty-six  specimens  of  inciilta,  collected  on  the  Island  of 
San  Miguel.  These  specimens  of  inculta  are  smaller  than 
those  previously  studied  from  the  Island  of  Santa  Rosa  (see 
p.  331,  Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Museum). 

Eleodes  vandykei  Blais. 

This  should  be  graded  as  a  distinct  species,  as  it  is  evidently 
more  closely  related  to  granu'lata  than  to  letchcri.  A  series 


Vol.  xxix]  I:\TOMOLOGJCAL  xi-:\v^.  385 


of  thirty-two  specimens  has  been  collected  in  Klamath  County, 
Oregon,  by  Mr.  Nunenmacher.  The  specimens  exhibit  a 
tendency  to  develop  elytral  tubercles  as  in  grannlata.  This  is 
also  the  case  in  pari'iila,  which  should  henceforth  be  recorded 
as  a  race  of  randykei. 

Specimens  have  recently  been  examined  from  Medicine 
Lake,  Siskiyou  County,  California;  they  were  collected  on 
August  1  6th. 

Eleodes  hornii  Blais. 

Among  specimens  collected  in  Plumas  and  Eldorado  Coun- 
ties, California,  by  Mr.  Nunenmacher,  were  nine  examples  of 
this  rare  and  distinct  species.  These  agree  every  way  with 
the  types  as  regards  form,  but  present  some  variation  in 
punctuation  and  size.  One  male,  however,  agrees  perfectly 
with  the  type.  In  the  other  specimens  the  prothoracic  and  ely- 
tral punctuation  is  slightly  coarser,  denser  and  more  irregular 
in  distribution.  In  the  types  there  is  no  evidence  of  a  serial 
arrangement  of  the  elytral  punctures,  in  four  of  those  col- 
lected bv  Mr.  Nunenmacher  there  is.  The  largest  male  col- 

*  o 

lected  in  Eldorado  County  has  a  length  of  14.5  mm.,  and  -j 
width  of  5.5  mm.  The  largest  female  and  the  one  presenting 
the  greatest  amount  of  variation  in  sculpturing,  has  a  length 
of  14.5  mm.,  and  a  width  of  6.0  mm.  In  hornii  the  hutneri 
are  absent  and  the  elytra  evenly  oval. 

Eleodes   hornii,  var.  monticula   n.   var. 

Opaque,  form  as  in  hornii.  Prothorax  smaller  and  more  finely 
punctured.  Elytra  more  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  being  some- 
what eroded  and  at  times  sublineate  in  arrangement.  The  elytra  arc 
less  evenly  oval,  being  just  a  little  more  produced  at  apex  and  the 
latter  more  broadly  rounded. 

In  the  male  the  humeri  are  slightly  evident 

Monticula  is  more  convex  than  is  typical  liornii.  In  the 
monograph  of  the  Eleodiini  (Bull.  63,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.)  the 
specimens  now  described  were  referred  to  hornii  and  collected 
at  Mokelumne  Hill,  Calaveras  County,  California,  elev.  1300 
ft. 

Y'y/v  in  the  author's  collection. 


386  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NK\VS.  |DcC.,'l8 

Type  locality :  Mokelumne  Hill,  Calaveras  'County,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Habitat:  California   (Calaveras  County: — Mokelumne  Hill, 
April.      Shasta    County : — Castella,    July.      Tulare    County  :— 
Cedar  Creek,  June;  Rattlesnake  Creek,  July   ( Hopping's  col- 
lection) ). 

Eleodes  dentipes,  var.  perpunctata  n.  var. 

Syn.  E.   denlipcs  forma  elongata  punctata. 

Mr.  Nunenmacher  has  quite  recently  collected  an  extensive 
series  of  perpunctata  (60  specimens),  in  Tehama,  Butte  and 
Shasta  Counties,  California.  The  specimens  are  distinctly 
homomorphic  and  represent  a  valid  geographical  race.  At 
the  time  that  the  Monograph  of  the  Eleodiini  was  written,  the 
specimens  referred  to  the  elongate  punctate  form  of  dentipes, 
came  from  several  widely  separated  regions  and  were  mixed 
with  other  races  and  forms. 

There  were  no  data  to  indicate  that  perpunctata  was  capable 
of  reproducing  its  characteristics  with  any  degree  of  stability, 
as  has  been  proved  by  the  above  series.  The  forma  elongata 
laeris  of  the  Monograph  now  becomes  the  smooth  elongate 
form  of  perpunctata. 

In  perpunctata  the  elytra  are  more  or  less  minutely  granu- 
lato-rugulose,  more  or  less  strongly  punctate,  with  the  punc- 
tures in  series. 

Type  in  the  author's  collection. 

Type  locality :  Placerville,  Eldorado  County. 

Habitat:  California  (Eldorado  County: — Placerville.  Teha- 
ma County,  April.  Trinity  County: — Haybrook,  April,  (Hop- 
ping's  collection).  Contra  Costa  County: — Martinez.  San  Ma- 
teo  County: — San  Jose). 

Eleodes   gigantea   Mann. 

A    series    of    specimens    taken    in    northern    California    by 
Mr.    Nunenmacher,   answers   to   Mannerheim's   description— 
"Elytra  finely  granulate-punctate,"  and  proves  that  the  typical 
form  of  gigantea  is  northern  and  not  southern  in  habitat. 

The   pronotal    disk    is    rather    less    sparsely    hut    distinctly    punctate. 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL  XE\VS.  387 

The  elytra!  surface  is  very  finely  rugulose,  with  punctures  distinct  and 
less  than  moderate  in  size,  plainly  serial ;  in  each  series  the  punctures 
are  separated  by  a  space  equal  to  a  little  more  than  their  own  diam- 
eters; the  intervals  are  narrow,  with  a  single  row  of  irregularly  placed 
punctures  ;  at  the  periphery  the  punctures  are  more  irregular. 

In  size  the  specimens  are  as  large  as  any  collected  in  southern  Cali- 
fornia. The  females  have  the  pronotal  sides  less  arcuate,  as  a  result 
the  pronotal  width  is  less. 

Measurements. —  $,  length,  22.0  to  33.5  mm.;  width.  7.75  to  9.5  mm. 
9  ,  length,  24.5  to  29.0  mm. ;  width,  10.0  to  13.0  mm. 

Fifteen  examples  collected  in  Tehama  County,  California, 
April  27th,  1913. 

Eleodes  gigantea,  var.  meridionalis  new  var. 

The  form  of  gigantea  occurring  in  southern  and  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, and  from  as  far  north  as  the  Santa  Cruz  Mountains, 
should  he  considered  a  geographical  race,  to  which  I  give  the 
name  meridionalis.  The  chief  distinguishing  characters  may 
be  stated  as  follows : 

Pronotal  disk  rather  sparsely  and  feebly  punctulate,  sides  more 
strongly  arcuate  in  the  female ;  elytra!  surface  finely,  irregularly  and 
evenly  punctate,  rarely  with  closely  placed  series  of  punctures. 

Types:   $   and    $    in  the  author's  collection. 
Type  locality:  San  Diego,  California. 

Habitat:  California  (Kern  and  Santa  Cruz  Counties  south- 
ward to  northern  Lower  California). 


A  New  Agrias  from  Guatemala  (Nymphalidae,  Lep.). 

P>y  W.  SCHAUS,  Washington,  D.  C. 

In  the  supplement  to  the  Rhopalocera  of  the  Biologia  Cen- 
trali- Americana  reference  is  made  on  page  696,  under  Agrias 
acdon,  to  a  letter  from  Senor  Don  Juan  Rodriguez,  who  states 
that  he  has  a  male  of  this  species  captured  in  Vera  Paz, 
Guatemala. 

After  the  death  of  Don  Juan,  his  sons  kindly  gave  me  this 
specimen  in  remembrance  of  their  father,  and  on  examination 
I  find  it  is  a  female  belonging  to  a  new  species  which  I  take 
pleasure  in  naming  after  mv  late  friend. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  |  Dec.,  'l8 

Agrias  rodriguezi,  new  species. 

Body  fuscous.  Fore  wings  :  apex  broadly,  outer  and  inner  margins 
narrowly  black ;  a  large  crimson  space  at  base,  reaching  nearly  the 
middle  of  wing  on  costa,  its  outer  edge  oblique  to  vein  2  postmedially, 
then  angled  and  inbent,  followed  by  a  broad  blue  shade  from  subcostal 
vein  to  submedian.  Hind  wings  black  with  a  large  deep  blue  space, 
not  extending  above  vein  6,  leaving  costal,  inner  margin  and  base 
broadly  black,  the  outer  margin  narrowly  so.  Underneath  the  colora- 
tion is  similar  to  the  female  of  Agrias  acdon  given  in  the  Biologia  on 
PI.  31,  fig.  6.  Female  :  expanse  83  mm. 

Hab.:    Vera  Paz,  Guatemala. 

T\pe:  A  female  in  the  Schaus  Collection  in  the  United 
States  National  Museum. 


Vaporous    discharge   by    Anisomorpha    bupre^toides.    (Orthoptera: 

Phasmidae). 

A  review  of  information  on  the  secretions  of  this  phasmid  and  their 
ejection  was  published  by  Samuel  H.  Scudder  in  1876  (Psyche,  Vol. 
1,  PP-  I37-9)-  C.  J.  Maynard  gives  (Contr.  to  Science,  Vol.  I,  1889,  pp. 
31-35)  a  full  account  of  the  thoracic  glands  and  their  discharge.  An 
interesting  note  on  the  subject  will  be  found  also  under  the  name  of  H. 
M.  Russell  (Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.  Vol.  XIV,  No.  3,  July-Sept.,  1912,  p. 
117).  Observations  on  the  nature  and  source  of  the  discharge  by  the 
insects  vary;  it  is  a  milky  fluid  or  a  very  fine  mist;  it  is  discharged 
from  definite  pores  on  the  sides  of  the  thorax  or  from  some  part  of 
the  abdomen.  An  observation  differing  somewhat  from  the  previous 
accounts  should  be  put  on  record,  and  the  diversity  of  opinions  should 
induce  someone  to  make  a  thorough  study  of  the  matter  and  publish  a 
full  account.  The  observation  to  which  I  refer  was  made  by  Mr.  C. 
H.  M.  Barrett,  taxidermist  of  the  United  States  Biological  Survey, 
while  on  a  collecting  trip  in  Florida.  At  Miakka  Lake,  Manatee  County, 
during  a  thunderstorm,  June  19,  1918,  Mr.  Barrett  found  a  number  of 
pairs  of  Anisomorpha  buprestoidcs,  in  copula,  in  the  interstices  of  a 
pile  of  boards  in  a  deserted  cabin.  When  suddenly  uncovered  or  other- 
wise disturbed,  the  insects  discharged  from  the  end  of  the  abdomen 
vapor  in  the  form  of  small  puffs  appearing  two  inches  from  the  ab- 
dominal apex.  The  discharge  in  each  case  was  immediately  preceded 
by  a  crackling  sound  similar  to  that  made  by  a  small  electric  spark. 
Mr.  Barrett's  observation  that  Anismorpha  buprestoidcs  discharges  a 
vapor  from  end  of  abdomen  and  that  the  discharge  is  preceded  by  a 
peculiar  crepitation,  differs,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  from  any  previously 
recorded. — W.  L.  McATEE,  Biological  Survey,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agriculture, 
Washington,  D.  C. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  DECEMBER,   1918. 

Rules  and  Suggestions  for  Our  Contributors. 
The  following  letter  was  received  from  the  Secretary-Treas- 
urer of   the   Entomological   Society   of   Washington   in   April, 
1918: 

The  Executive  Committee  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Wash- 
ington has  recently  adopted  certain  rules  and  suggestions  governing 
articles  published  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Society.  A  copy  of  these 
rules  and  suggestions,  which  are  to  be  published  shortly  in  the  first 
number  of  Volume  XX  of  the  Society's  Proceedings,  is  enclosed. 

In  adopting  these  rules  the  Executive  Committee  passed  the  fol- 
lowing resolution:  first,  that  copies  of  these  rules  and  suggestions  be 
sent  to  other  periodicals  publishing  articles  on  Entomology ;  second, 
that  said  copies  be  accompanied  by  a  letter  recommending  the  adoption 
(unless  already  in  force)  of  these  or  similar  rules  and  suggestions. 

In  the  days  when  there  are  so  many  workers  in  Entomology  and  so 
much  is  written  it  is  believed  that  there  should  lie  certain  definite 
and  understood  policies  which  will  tend  to  make  it  necessary  for  all 
authors  to  give  in  their  papers  certain  definite  information  which  is 
of  great  importance  to  contemporaneous  and  future  workers  and  will 
assist  in  stabilizing  our  nomenclature.  Rule  4  is  one  of  the  most 
necessary,  especially  when  we  consider  that  much  of  the  indexing  has 
to  be  done  by  persons  with  limited  knowledge.  Suggestion  6  is  also 
of  great  importance  and  the  subject  it  covers  is  most  often  considered 
of  but  little  importance  by  those  dealing  with  genereal  biology,  mor- 
phology, etc. 

We  trust  that  you  will  give  this  matter  careful  consideration,  and 
hope  that  you  will  believe  it  desirable  to  adopt  similar  rules  which  will 
help  to  build  our  science  on  a  firm  foundation. 

As  the  Rules  referred  to  emanated  from  the  Washington 
Society,  the  Editors  of  the  XK\YS  considered  it  as  a  matter  of 
courtesy  that  we  should  withhold  comment  upon  them  until 
their  appearance  in  the  Proceeding.  The  first  number  of 
Volume  XX  (  for  January,  1918)  seems  to  have  reached  sub- 
scribers here  on  October  21  ;  the  first  page  contains  the  fol- 


lowing: 


389 


39O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec..'l8 

RULES  AND  SUGGESTIONS  GOVERNING  PUBLICATION    IX 
"PROCEEDINGS    OF    THE    ENTOMOLOGICAL    SOCIETY    OF 

WASHINGTON." 

RULE  i. — No  description  of  a  new  genus,  or  subgenus,  will  be 
published  unless  there  is  cited  as  a  genotype  a  species  which  is 
established  in  accordance  with  current  practice  of  zoological  nomen- 
clature. 

RULE  2. — In  all  cases  a  new  genus,  or  subgenus,  must  be  character- 
ized and  if  it  is  based  on  an  undescribed  species  the  two  must  be 
characterized  separately. 

RULE  3. — No  description  of  a  species,  subspecies,  variety  or  form, 
will  be  published  unless  it  is  accompanied  by  a  statement  which  in- 
cludes the  following  information,  where  known:  (i)  the  type-locality; 
(2)  of  what  the  type  material  consists — with  statement  of  sex,  full 
data  on  localities,  dates,  collectors,  etc.,  and  (3)  present  location  of 
type  material. 

RULE  4. — -No  unsigned  articles,  or  articles  signed  by  pseudonyms  or 
initials  will  be  published. 

RULE  5. — The  ordinal  position  of  the  group  treated  in  any  paper 
must  be  clearly  given  in  the  title  or  in  parentheses  following  the  title. 

SUGGESTION  i. — All  illustrations  accompanying  an  article  should  be 
mentioned  in  the  text  and  preferably  in  places  where  the  object  illus- 
trated is  discussed. 

SUGGESTION  2. — It  is  desirable  in  describing  new  genera  and  species 
that  their  taxonomic  relationship  be  discussed,  and  that  distinguishing 
characters  be  pointed  out. 

SUGGESTION  3. — In  discussion  of  type  material  modern  terms  indicat- 
ing its  precise  nature  will  be  found  useful.  Examples  of  these  terms 
are:  type  (or  holotype),  allotype,  paratype.  cotype,  lectotype,  neotype, 
etc. 

SUGGESTION  4. — In  all  cases  in  the  serial  treatment  of  genera  or 
species  and  where  first  used  in  general  articles  the  authority  for  the 
species,  or  genus,  should  be  given,  and  the  name  of  the  authority  should 
not  be  abbreviated. 

SUGGESTION  5. — Where  the  title  of  any  publication  referred  to  is  not 
written  in  full,  standard  abbreviations  should  be  used. 

SUGGESTION  6. — When  a  species  discussed  has  been  determined  by 
some  one  other  than  the  author  it  is  important  that  reference  be  made 
to  the  worker  making  the  identification. 

So  far  as  the  NEWS  is  concerned,  we  have,  we  believe,  ob- 
served  most  of  these  Rules  and  Suggestions  for  some  years 
previous  to  the  action  of  the  Executive  Committee  at  Wash- 
ington, and  not  a  few  letters  have  been  sent  out  from  ihe 
Editor's  office  to  our  contributors  asking  for  fuller  in  forma- 


Vol.  XXlx]  KXTd.MOLOGICAL    XE\YS.  ,V )  I 

tion,  of  the  kind  mentioned  in  Rule  3,  to  be  incorporated  in 
their  articles.  As  some  of  these  cases  are  of  very  recent  date, 
we  take  this  opportunity  to  call  the  attention  of  all  those  send- 
ing in  manuscripts  to  the  NEWS  to  the  importance  and  neces- 
sity of  observing  this  and  the  other  rules  and  suggestions 
printed  above. 

In  one  respect  only  do  we  deviate  from  the  Washingtonian 
formulae.  We  see  no  reason  for  discontinuing  the  Editors' 
prerogative  of  publishing  unsigned  editorials.  In  reply  to  a 
statement  of  our  practice  in  this  matter,  the  Secretary-Treas- 
urer of  the  Washington  Society  wrote  : 

\Yhile  at  the  time  the  editorials  are  written,  everyone  who  reads 
them  is  familiar  with  the  initials  or  with  the  fact  that  the  editor  is 
responsihle  for  them,  years  later,  when  conditions  may  have  changed, 
these  facts  may  he  partly  overlooked  and  the  next  generation  may  not 
he  familiar  with  the  initials.  In  other  words,  the  point  I  am  trying  to 
make  is  merely  this,  that  only  the  articles  or  editorials,  which  are 
signed  hy  the  name  of  the  author  will  be  of  a  permanent  nature.  I 
helieve  that  by  using  the  name  of  the  author  it  will  help  to  build 
science  on  a  firmer  foundation. 

}}'e  shall  not  presume  to  say  what  weight  should  be  attached 
to  the  editorials  in  the  NEWS,  but  we  still  think  they  are  better 
unsigned,  even  if  speedy  oblivion  be  the  fate  which  is  to  over- 
take their  authorship. 


Notes    and    News. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL   GLEANINGS   FROM    ALL   QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

Bibliography   of   the    North   American    Hemiptera   in    Preparation. 

As  man}-  of  my  correspondents  know,  I  am  engaged  on  a  bibliography 
of  the  North  American  Hemiptera,  designed  to  supplement  Van  Duzee's 
recent  catalogue  and  undertaken  at  his  suggestion..  It  will  be  much 
appreciated  as  an  aid  in  making  the  work  complete,  if  authors  will 
communicate  with  me  regarding  their  works  on  this  subject,  more 
especially  those  whose  publications  are  few  in  number  or  have  appeared 
in  the  proceedings  of  state  Academies  or  local  societies. — H.  M.  Parsh- 
ley,  Smith  Collruc.  Northampton,  Mass. 


Entomological  Collections  cf  the  late  W.   H.   Harrington. 

According  to  the  Canadian  I-'ntonii'lu^ist  for  September,  1918.  the 
entomological  collections  of  the  late  \Y.  M.  Harrington  (whose  death 
was  recorded  in  the  NEWS  for  October,  page  320)  have  been  acquired 
by  the  Entomological  Branch  of  the  Department  of  Avrii -ulture, 
(  ittaua.  and  will  be  incorporated  in  the  Canadian  National  Collection 
of  Insects  there. 


39-2  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,'l8 

A   New  List   of  Coleoptera   of  North   America. 

As  indicated  elsewhere  in  this  number  of  the  NEWS,  Mr.  C.  W.  Leng, 
of  New  York,  the  well-known  Coleopterist,  has  prepared  a  new  list  of 
the  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  the  publication  of  which  will  depend 
on  the  extent  to  which  advance  subscriptions  shall  be  secured.  As 
the  list  will  be  very  useful,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  as  many  entomolo- 
gists as  possible  will  come  to  the  aid  of  this  praiseworthy  undertaking. 


Early  Appearance  of  Lycaena  antiacis  and  xerxes  (Lepid.)  in  1917. 

Following  my  usual  yearly  custom,  I  collected  early  in  1917  on  the 
western  slope  of  Twin  Peaks,  San  Francisco,  California  (altitude 
ranging  from  200  to  800  feet).  My  observations  were  as  follows: 

February  5th — My  first  day  out;  white  frost  in  A.  M.  No  Lycaena 
to  be  seen,  two  C  alias  and  one  Anosia  plexippus  taken. 

February  nth — White  frost  in  A.  M.,  weather  bright  but  cold.  No 
Lycaena  to  be  seen,  two  C  alias  and  one  Anosia  plc.vippus  taken. 

March  6th — White  frost  in  A.  M.,  weather  fine.  One  antiacis,  one 
xerxes  and  two  Anosia  plcxippus  taken. 

March  nth — White  frost  in  A.  M.,  weather  bright  but  cold.  Two 
Colias  and  two  Euchloe  taken  ;  no  Lycaena  to  be  seen. 

March  i5th — White  frost  in  A.  M.  No  Lycaena  to  be  seen,  two 
Euchloe  and  one  Colin*  taken. 

March   iQth — White   frost  in  A.   M.,   weather   fine.     Two   L.  antiacis 
9  9,  two  Euchloe  ausonidcs,  two  Picris  rapac,  one  plexippus  and  one 
P.  atalanta  taken. 

March  22nd — White  frost  in  A.  M.,  high  wind.  One  Euchloe 
ausonidcs  and  two  Lycaena  acmon  taken.  Four  Lycaena  .rerxcs  or 
antiacis  seen,  but  could  not  be  captured  on  account  of  the  high  wind. 

March  24th — White  frost  in  A.  M.,  weather  warm.  One  xerxes  9 
taken,  many  Pieris  rapae  and  Anosia  plexippus  seen,  not  taken. 

March  27 — Two  xerxes  $  9,  one  antiacis  $,  two  Thccla  dumcto- 
rum  and  one  Euchloe  ausonides  taken. 

April  5th — Weather  hot.  One  xerxes  $  and  two  antiacis  9  $ 
taken  ;  numerous  Colias,  Pieris,  plexippus  seen  but  not  taken. 

April  I3th — Four  xerxes  3  $  9  ,  and  five  antiacis  3  <J  2  9  taken,  also 
a  Lycaena  with  white  dot  like  a  black  center,  just  perceptible  on  close 
examination,  which  I  cannot  identify  more  closely,  although  it  is  either 
antiacis  or  xerxes;  numerous  Colias  and  Alclitaca  seen  but  not  taken. 

April  20th — Weather  good,  sun  obscured.  Three  xerxes  $,  two 
antiacis  9  $  taken.  Many  more  could  have  been  captured,  but  I 
preferred  to  observe  their  movements.  Singling  out  an  antiacis,  I 
devoted  \l/2  hours  watching  it  among  the  blue  lupine  bushes.  It  first 
deposited  three  eggs  on  a  bud,  each  on  a  different  section  of  the  bud; 
it  then  flew  to  another  lupine  and  deposited  seven  eggs  scattered  over 
four  buds.  The  buds  bearing  the  eggs  were  placed  in  a  breeding  cage, 


Vol.  XXIX]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS. 


393 


hut  they  all  wilted  down.     The  first  L.  phcrcs  of  the  season  were  taken 
this  date. 

April  24th — Very  foggy  but  warm.  Two  antiacis  and  one  xerxes 
taken,  also  an  aberrant  specimen  of  antiacis  with  very  large  oval  black 
dots. 

April  26th — Three  antiacis,  one  xerxes,  one  L.  acmon  and  four  L. 
phercs  taken;  the  latter  were  just  beginning  to  come  out  in  numbers; 
several  other  specimens  of  antiacis  and  xerxes  were  seen  but  not 
captured. 

May  i st— Cloudy  and  windy.  Three  antiacis.  two  xerxes,  four  L. 
phcrcs  taken  ;  several  xerxes  or  antiacis  and  many  Melitaca  seen  but 
not  taken. 

May  5th — A  little  cloudy  but  warm.  One  xerxes,  one  antiacis,  and 
two  fine  specimens  of  The  da  dumctontni  taken;  L.  phcrcs  and  Mc'itaca 
numerous,  but  did  <not  take  any. 

May  nth — Weather  warm.  Did  not  see  any  xerxes  or  antiacis  on 
this  date.  L.  phercs  and  Melitaea  in  great  numbers,  but  none  were 
taken. 

May  i6th — Weather  fine.  Not  a  single  xerxes  or  antiacis  was  seen. 
L.  pheres,  Colias,  Anosia  plcxifpus  and  Melitaca  in  abundance. 

May  2ist — L.  xerxes  and  antiacis  entirely  absent.  Colias  in  great 
numbers.  Melitaca  and  Anosia  plexippus  plentiful.  L.  phcrcs  in  abun- 
dance on  sand  dunes. 

From  previous  observations  it  would  appear  that  L.  antiacis  and  L. 
xerxes  make  their  appearance  in  San  Francisco  about  March  ist  and 
disappear  about  the  middle  of  May,  I  believe.  I  conclude  my  remarks 
respecting  the  Lycaenac,  xerxes  and  antiacis.  with  an  incident  which,  no 
doubt,  will  be  of  interest.  In  March,  1916,  I  noticed  at  the  top  of  a 
lupine  a  pair  of  blue  butterflies  in  copulation.  I  caught  the  two  and  kept 
them  alive,  and,  to  my  great  surprise,  on  reaching  home,  I  discovered  I 
had  a  xerxes  and  an  antiacis.  I  placed  both  in  a  breeding  cage,  together 
with  some  lupine  branches  for  food,  but  they  remained  untouched.  The 
xerxes,  a  male,  died  in  two  days,  and  the  female,  an  antiacis,  died  in 
five  days.  A  post-mortem  examination  disclosed  two  well-formed  eggs 
in  the  female,  but  they  wilted  down  after  one  hour. 

I  have  often  stated  that  xerxes  and  antiacis  are  one  and  the  same 
species,  etc.,  etc. — J.  C.  HUGUENIN,  San  Francisco,  California. 


The  Annual  Meetings  of  Societies  in  Convocation  Week. 

The  American  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Science  will 
hold  its  annual  meeting  in  Baltimore  on  December  26  to  28,  KM*. 
Owing  to  limited  accommodations,  due  to  war  conditions,  meetings  of 
the  Association  and  of  its  affiliated  societies  will  be  omsiderably  re- 
duced. 

The  Entomological  Society  of  America  will  hold  only  a  short 
business  session  on  December  26,  27  or  28,  according  to  circumstances. 


394  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NE\\  S.  [Dec.,  'l8 

The  Association  of  Economic  Entomologists  will  probably  meet  on  one 
or  more  of  the  same  days. 

The  American  Society  of  Zoologists,  in  conjunction  with  Section  F, 
A.  A.  A.  S.,  will  meet  on  December  26,  27  and  28;  a  conference  with 
representatives  of  the  United  States  Government  Bureaus  interested 
directly  in  Zoological  problems,  a  joint  meeting  with  the  American 
Society  of  Naturalists  and  another  with  the  Ecological  Society  of 
America  are  being  arranged. 

The  American  Society  of  Naturalists  will  hold  a  meeting  on  Decem- 
ber 28  and  its  annual  dinner  on  the  evening  of  the  same  day,  on  which 
latter  occasion  Prof.  Vernon  L.  Kellogg,  of  the  Department  of  Ento- 
mology of  Leland  Stanford  Junior  University,  is  announced  to  talk 
on  "The  German  Philosophy  of  War." 


Entomological    Literature. 

COMPILED  BY  E.  T.  CRESSON,  JR.,  AND  J.  A.  G.  REHN. 

Under  the  above  head  it  is  intended  to  note  papers  received  at  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  pertaining  to  the  En- 
tomology of  the  Americas  (North  and  South),  including  Arachnida  and 
Myriopoda.  Articles  irrelevant  to  American  entomology  will  not  be  noted; 
but  contributions  to  anatomy,  physiology  and  embryology  of  insects,  how- 
ever, whether  relating  to  American  or  exotic  species,  will  be  recorded. 

The  numbers  in  Heavy- Faced  Type  refer  to  the  journals,  as  numbered 
in  the  following  list,  in  which  the  papers  are  published. 

All  continued  papers,  with  few  exceptions,  are  recorded  only  at  their 
first  installments. 

The  records  of  papers  containing  new  species  are  all  grouped  at  the 
end  of  each  Order  of  which  they  treat.  Unless  mentioned  in  the  title, 
the  number  of  the  new  species  occurring  north  of  Mexico  is  given  at 
end  of  title,  within  brackets. 

For  records  of  Economic  Literature,  see  the  Experiment  Station  Record. 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  Washington.  Also  Review  of  Applied  En- 
tomology, Series  A,  London.  For  records  of  papers  on  Medical  Ento- 
mology, see  Review  of  Applied  Entomology,  Series  B. 

3 — The  American  Naturalist,  Philadelphia.  4 — The  Canadian 
Entomologist,  London,  Canada.  5 — Psyche,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
8 — The  Entomologist's  Monthly  Magazine,  London.  9 — The  Ento- 
mologist, London.  11 — Annals  and  Magazine  of  Natural  History, 
9th  series,  London.  17 — Lepidoptera,  Salem,  Mass.  21 — The  Ento- 
mologist's Record,  London.  68 — Science,  Lancaster,  Pa.  72— 
Transactions.  Kansas  Academy  of  Science.  Topeka.  75 — Annual 
Report,  Entomological  Society  of  Ontario,  Toronto.  81 — Biologi- 
sches  Centralblatt,  Leipzig.  89 — Zoologische  Jahrbucher,  Jena. 
102 — Proceedings,  Entomological  Society  of  Washington,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  118 — Memoirs  and  Proceedings,  Manchester  Liter- 
ary and  Philosophical  Society,  Manchester.  150 — Transactions, 
Royal  Society  of  Edinburgh.  177 — Quarterly  Journal  of  Micro- 
scopical Science,  London.  179 — Journal  of  Economic  Entomology, 
Concord,  N.  H.  189— Journal  of  Entomology  and  Zoology,  Clare- 
niont,  Calif.  198--Bioloi>ical  Bulletin,  Marine  Biological  Labora- 
tory, Woods  Hole,  Mass.  273 — Proceedings,  Royal  Society  of 
Edinburgh.  420 — Insecutor  Inscitiae  Menstruus.  Washington.  530 


Vol.  Xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  395 

-Proceedings,   British   Columbia   Entomological    Society,   Victoria. 
540 — The  Lepidopterist,  Salem,  Mass. 

GENERAL  SUBJECT.  Cameron,  A.  E.—  Fos>il  insects,  with 
special  reference  to  those  of  the  tertiary  lake  deposits  of  the  Simil- 
kameen  Valley,  B.  C.  520,  No.  10,  21-0.  Chandler,  A.  C.— Animal 
parasites  and  human  disease.  (New  York.  John  Wiley  &  Sons, 
1918,  570  pp.)  Chapman,  T.  A. — Racial  and  subspecific  names.  21, 
1018,  1G8-70.  Crampton,  G.  C. — Thoracic  sclerites  of  immature 
pterygotan  insects,  with  notes  on  the  relationships  indicated.  102, 
xx,  30-65.  Cushman,  B.  A. —  A  convenient  method  of  handling 
large  numbers  of  individuals  in  life-history  studies  of  insects. 
102,  xx,  112-14.  Cutler,  D.  W. — Natural  and  artificial  partheno- 
genesis in  animals.  118,  Ixii,  No.  2.  Ely,  C.  R. — Recent  entomo- 
logical chemistry  and  some  notes  concerning  the  food  of  insects. 
102,  xx,  12-18.  Holland,  W.  J. — Shall  writers  upon  the  biological 
sciences  agree  to  ignore  systematic  papers  published  in  the  German 
language  since  1014?  68,  xlviii,  469-71.  Lochhead,  W. — Few  notes 
on  the  ecology  of  insects.  75,  1018.  85-91.  Loeb,  J. — Forced  move- 
ments, tropisms,  and  animal  conduct.  (Philadelphia,  J.  B.  Lippin- 
cott  Co.,  200  pp.,  1018.)  Lyle,  C.  T. —  An  entomogenous  fungus 
growing  from  the  cocoon  of  a  braconid.  9,  1918,  227-0.  Tucker, 
E.  T. — Determinations  and  records  of  insects  collected  at  Piano. 
Texas.  72,  xxviii.  201-H12.  Wheeler,  G. — Varietal  and  aberrational 
nomenclature.  A  protest.  21,  1018,  145-6. 

PHYSIOLOGY  AND  EMBRYOLOGY.  Hoy,  W.  E.— Tin- 
chromosomes  in  embryos  of  Epilachna  horealis  and  Diabrotica 
vittata.  198,  xxxv,  166-74. 

MEDICAL.  Pierce,  D.  W.— Medical  entomology  a  vital  fact  »r 
in  the  prosecution  of  the  war.  102,  xx.  01-104. 

ARACHNIDA,  ETC.  Emerton,  J.  H.— Transranadian  spiders. 
75,  1018,  76-8.  Hutchinson,  R.  H.— Note  on  the  life  cycle  and  fer- 
tility of  the  body  louse  (  Pediculus  corporis).  179,  xi.  404-6. 

NEUROPTERA,  ETC.  Cockle,  J.  W.— Notes  on  the  hyberna- 
tion  of  some  larvae  and  the  movement  of  Boreus  in  the  snow.  520, 
No.  10,  14-15.  Muir,  F. — Notes  on  the  Derbidae  in  the  British 
Museum  collection. — IT.  Derbinae.  8,  I'.ns.  T.^-'HO  (Com.) 

ORTHOPTERA.  Allard,  H.  A.— Rhythmic  synchronism  in  the 
chirping  of  certain  crickets  and  locust^.  3,  lii.  548-52. 

HEMIPTERA.  Baker,  A.  C.— The  identity  of  Aphis  circe/andis. 
102,  xx.  i::o-i.  Barber,  H.  G. — Synoptic  keys  to  the  Lygaeidae  of 

the  U.  S.     5,  xxv,  71-88. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec..  'iS 

Baker,  A.  C. — Another  [new]  Toxoptera  feeding  on  sedge  (Aphi- 
didae).  5,  xxv,  88-93.  Barber,  H.  G.— Genus  Plinthisus  in  the  U.  S. 
[3  new].  102,  xx,  108-11.  Ferris,  G.  F.— Notes  on  Coccidae,  II. 
[4  n.  g.,  1  n.  sp.].  4,  1918,  323-32. 

LEPIDOPTERA.  Blackmore,  E.  H.— Notes  on  Geometridae 
new  to  British  Columbia.  520,  No.  10,  16-20.  Chapman,  T.  A.— The 
genus  Hesperia.  21,  1918,  145,  161-8  (cont.).  Corcoran,  J.  A.— 
Some  notodontian  larvae.  75,  1918,  47-9.  Downes,  W. — Notes  on 
the  L.  of  the  northern  Okanagan.  520,  No.  10,  11-13.  Durrant, 
J.  H. — Key  to  Hubner's  system  of  classification  exemplified  by  the 
complete  family  Alucitae  of  Hubner's  "Verzeichniss,"  pp.  428-31, 
sp.  4177-4198.  21,  1918,  Aug.-Sept.  issue.  Dyar,  H.  G.— New  moths 
from  Mexico  and  Cuba.  420,  vi,  130-40.  French,  C.  H. — Notes  on 
Catocala  julietta  and  C.  muliercula.  17,  ii,  36.  Riser,  O.  F.  &  J.  S. 
—Life  history  of  Catocala  nuptialis.  540,  ii,  66-9.  Huie,  L.  H. — The 
formation  of  the  germ-band  in  the  egg  of  the  holly  tortrix  moth, 
Eudemis  naevana.  273,  xxxviii,  154-65.  Kopec,  S. — Lokalisations- 
versuche  am  zentralen  nervensystem  der  raupen  und  falter.  89, 
Abt.  f.  Zool.,  xxxvi,  453-502.  Reiff,  W. — Alorpho  cypris  f.  mirandus 
form.  nov.  17,  ii,  58-9.  Wormsbacher,  H. — Collecting  in  Ohio 
during  the  spring  of  1918.  17,  ii,  75-7. 

Ehrmann,  G.  A. — New  sps.  and  var.  of  butterflies  [5].  Two  new 
So.  American  Hesperidae.  17,  ii,  21-22,  29-30:  66.  Heinrich,  C. — A 
new  genus  of  L.  allied  to  Leucoptera.  On  the  lepidopterous  genu^ 
Opostega  and  its  larval  affinities.  102,  xx.  21-2;  27-38. 

DIPTERA.  BalJowe,  H.  L. — Breeding  of  mosquitoes  in  alkaline 
water.  5,  xxv,  96.  Dunn,  L.  H. — A  new  mosquito  from  Colombia. 
102,  xx,  128-30.  Dyar  &  Barret — Descriptions  of  hitherto  unknown 
larvae  of  Culex.  420,  vi,  119-20.  Dyar  A  Knab — Bromelicolus  Ano- 
pheles— A  correction.  420,  vi,  140-1.  Hosier  &  Snyder — Notes  on 
gadflies  in  the  Florida  everglades.  102,  xx,  115-26.  Pause,  J. — Bei- 
trage  zur  biologic  und  physiologie  der  larve  von  Chironomus  gre- 
garius.  89,  Abt.  f.  Zool,  xxxvi,  339-452, 

Aldrich,  J.  M. — New  and  little  known  Canadian  Oscinidae  [4 
new].  4,  1918,  336-43.  Dyar,  H.  G. — [Twelve]  new  American  mos- 
quitoes. Notes  on  American  Anopheles.  420,  vi,  120-9:  141-51. 
Greene,  C.  T.— Three  new  sps.  of  D.  102,  xx,  69-71.  Malloch,  J.  R. 
—Revision  of  the  dipterous  family  Clusiodidae  (Heteroneuridae), 
[1  new].  Genus  Cnemedon  in  N.  Am.  (Syrphidae),  [l  new].  102, 
xx,  2-8;  127-8.  Pettey,  F.  W.— -A  new  sp.  of  Sciara  bred  from  red 
clover  crowns.  179,  xi,  420.  Townsend,  C.  H.  T. — Some  muscoid 
synonymy,  with  one  new  genus.  102,  xx,  19-21.  New  muscoid 


Vol.xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  397 

genera,  species  and  synonymy   [12  n.  g.,  8  n.  sps.J.     420,  vi,  151-56 
(cont.). 

COLEOPTERA.  Becker,  G.  G.— Cannibalism  in  Euetheola  rugi- 
ceps.  179,  xi.  431.  Champion,  G.  C. — Notes  on  various  species  of 
the  American  genus  Astylus.  with  descriptions  of  their  sexual  char- 
acters. 11,  ii,  337-67.  McGregor,  E.  A. — A  new  plant  host  of  the 
boll  weevil.  102,  xx,  78-9.  Morris,  F.  J.  A. — A  comedy  of  errors. 
75,  1918,  68-75.  Morse,  F. — Fireflies  flashing  in  unison.  68,  xlviii, 
418-19.  Myers,  L. — C.  from  the  Claremont  Laguna  region.  189, 
x,  43-53.  Pierce,  W.  D. — Case  of  the  genera  Rhina  and  Magdalis. 
102,  xx.  72-s.  Ritchie,  W. — The  structure,  bionomics,  and  forest 
importance  of  Myelophilus  minor.  150,  Hi,  213-34. 

Blaisdell,  F.  E. — Synopsis  of  the  genus  Tegrodera  \1  new].  4, 
1918,  333-5.  Fisher,  W.  S.— A  new  sp.  of  Agrilus  from  Florida.  102, 
xx,  67-8. 

HYMENOPTERA.  Cockerell,  T.  D.  A.— New  halictine  bees 
from  Chile.  A  group  of  American  halictine  bees  simulating  the  old 
world  genus  Nomioides.  4,  1918,  343-5;  348-9.  Cushman,  R.  A. — 
Correct  names  for  some  of  our  common  ichneumonid  parasites. 
102,  xx,  9-12.  Gatenby,  J.  B.— Polyembryony  in  parasitic  H.  177, 
Ixiii,  175-90.  Kutter,  H. — Beitrage  zur  ameisenbiologie.  81,  xxxviii, 
110-16.  Nelson,  J.  A.— An  eyeless  drone  honeybee.  102,  xx,  105-8. 
Wasmann,  E. — Bemerkungen  zur  neuen  auflage  von  K.  Escherich 
"Die  Ameise."  81,  xxxviii,  116-29. 

Gahan,  A.  B. — Description  of  a  new  hymenopterous  parasite 
(Braconidae).  Three  new  chalcidoid  egg-parasites.  On  Propachy- 
neuron  (Chalcidoidea).  102,  xx,  18-19;  23-6;  66.  Rohwer,  S.  A.— 
Note  on  Chalcis  abiesae.  New  sawflies  of  the  subfamily  Diprio- 
ninae.  102,  xx,  18;  79-90. 


A  REVISION  OF  THE  VESPIDAE  OF  THE  BELGIAN  CONGO  Based  on  the 
Collection  of  the  American  Museum  Congo  Expedition,  with  a  List  of 
Ethiopian  Diplopterous  Wasps.  By  J.  BEQUAERT.  Bulletin  of  the 
American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  XXXIX,  article  i,  pages  1-384, 
plates  I-VI,  267  text-figures.  New  York,  Aug.  2,  igiS. 

In  common  with  other  taxonomists  to  whom  the  description  of  new 
species  is  a  necessary  and  time-consuming,  yet  not  at  all  pleasurable, 
feature  of  their  work,  the  reviewer  always  feels  a  distinct  satisfaction 
in  handling  a  comprehensive,  well-balanced  and  adequately  illustrated 
systematic  treatise.  This  satisfaction  is  further  increased  if  the  work 
goes  beyond  systematics  alone  and  adds  valuable  data  on  the  habits 
and  distribution  of  the  species  studied.  The  publication  here  noticed 
is  distinctly  in  this  category,  being  in  addition  clearly  presented  and 


39$  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec.,  'l8 

admirably  arranged,  with  its  geographic  information  supported  by  the 
personal  knowledge  of  the  Congo  possessed  by  the  author. 

The  material  collected  by  Messrs.  Lang  and  Chapin  on  the  Amer- 
ican Museum  Congo  Expedition  formed  the  basis  of  Dr.  Bequaert's 
contribution.  In  other  groups  of  insects  the  study  of  these  collections 
will  supply  equally  important,  and  let  us  hope  equally  satisfactory  and 
comprehensive,  works.  The  Lang-Chapin  collection  of  Vespidae  was 
made  in  the  Belgian  Congo  between  June,  1909,  and  October,  1915,  and 
consisted  of  over  2700  specimens  of  the  family,  the  most  extensive  col- 
lection of  that  group  ever  made  in  the  Ethiopian  region.  We  are  in- 
formed the  best  series  were  from  regions  the  wasp  faunae  of  which 
were  practically  unknown  previous  to  that  time,  among  these  being  the 
Ituri  forests  and  the  savannahs  of  the  northeastern  Uele  region. 

The  collections  studied  contained  representatives  of  83  species  and  24. 
"well  marked  color  varieties,"  of  which  21  species  and  9  varieties  are 
described  for  the  first  time  in  this  paper.  Of  the  remaining  62  species 
only  25  "had  hitherto  been  found  within  the  boundaries  of  the  Belgian 
Congo."  To  summarize,  on  the  basis  of  the  present  paper,  we  now  know 
of  101  species  of  Yespidae  from  the  Belgian  Congo,  21  of  which  are 
here  first  described  and  37  first  recorded  from  that  territory.  According 
to  Bequaert  the  Belgian  Congo  possesses  "about  one-fifth  of  the  total 
number  of  Vespidae  described  from  the  entire  Ethiopian  region."  The 
types  of  all  the  new  species  and  varieties  are  deposited  in  the  Amer- 
ican Museum  of  Natural  History. 

Certain  features  of  the  paper  deserve  having  attention  called  to  them, 
both  from  their  value  in  this  paper  and  also  their  worth  as  models  for 
other  authors.  On  page  7  is  given  a  list  of  approximate  locations  of 
places  mentioned  in  the  paper,  with  districts  and  latitude  and  longitude, 
which  is  supplemented  on  page  9  by  a  map  of  the  Congo  Basin,  show- 
ing the  localities  mentioned  and  the  limits  of  the  West  African  Rain 
Forest. 

Under  "Specific  Characters  in  the  Vespidae"  we  find  an  interesting 
resume  on  the  relative  value  of  structural  and  color  characters,  which 
is  so  presented  that  it  applies  to  many  groups  of  insects  other  than  the 
Vespidae.  The  summary  given  on  page  11  is  to  our  mind  so  clearly 
stated  and  axiomatic  we  may  be  pardoned  for  quoting  it.  "The  varia- 
tion of  the  color  markings  is  always  much  greater  than  that  of  the 
structural  characters.  In  many  cases  we  find  an  almost  constant  struc- 
tural type  presenting  numerous,  different  color  varieties;  it  seems  evi- 
dent that  these  color  forms  are  genetically  related  ;  the  color  characters 
may  be  more  recent  and  therefore  less  stable,  or  they  may  be  more 
subject  to  modifications  under  the  influence  of  external  factors.  At 
any  rate,  they  may  be  considered  as  different  clothes  worn  by  the  same 
morphological  type,  this  type  being  of  monophyletic  origin.  The  prob- 
lem becomes  still  more  interesting  when  we  note  the  occurrence  of  the 


Vol.  xxix]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    XKWS.  399 

same   color   pattern,    the    same   cloth,    in    very   different   morphological 
types,  often  belonging  to  different  genera." 

Under  "Peculiarities  of  the  Ethiopian  Wasp  Fauna"  we  find  a  most 
interesting  discussion,  to  illustrate  which  the  author  uses  Engler's  im- 
portant map  of  the  botanical  regions  of  Africa.  This  section  of  the 
paper  has  a  value  to  any  zoologist  studying  the  Ethiopian  representa- 
tives of  any  group.  Here  we  also  find  included  a  distributional  table 
of  the  numbers  of  genera  and  species  of  Vespidae  found  in  the  major 
faunal  divisions  of  the  world,  which  emphasizes  the  relative  poverty  of 
the  Ethiopian  region  in  diplopterous  wasps,  when  compared  with  the 
Neotropical  and  Australian  and  Oriental  regions. 

In  the  descriptive  account  of  the  species  the  method  of  treatment  is 
well  worthy  of  imitation  elsewhere.  After  remarks  on  each  genus  in 
the  Ethiopian  region  we  have  a  summary  of  the  known  ethology  of 
the  genus,  followed  by  a  key  to  the  Congo  species  and  frequently  maps 
showing  the  Ethiopian  distribution  of  the  genus  discussed.  The  de- 
scriptions of  species,  new  and  re-described  previously  known  forms, 
are  particularly  full,  accompanied  by  well  selected  outline  illustrations 
of  the  diagnostic  features.  In  certain  cases  genera  are  fully  re-de- 
scribed. 

Under  certain  genera,  as  Euincncs,  summaries  of  the  general  types 
of  coloration  found  in  the  genus  are  presented,  while  the  ethological 
information  is  often  very  comprehensive.  The  treatment  of  the  wide- 
ly distributed  ftnmcncs  inaxillosus  is  particularly  exhaustive,  and  here 
we  find  tabulations  of  the  parallelism  of  similarly  colored  forms  in 
morphologically  distinct  genera  on  which  phase  of  the  subject  are 
further  data  under  the  genera  Odyncnis.  Rhynchalastor  and  Synagris. 
The  information  concerning  the  acarid  chambers  of  the  species  of  the 
genus  Nortonia  is  detailed  and  well  illustrated. 

Under  the  genus  Synagris  is  discussed  the  curious  feature  of  loss  of 
terminal  palpal  joints,  which  is  of  value  in  securing  a  proper  concep- 
tion of  the  importance  of  these  features  in  the  taxonomy  of  the  genus. 

The  "Bibliographic  and  Synonymic  Catalogue  of  the  Ethiopian  Ves- 
pidae" covers  pages  266  to  350.  In  character  it  is  clear  and  well  ar- 
ranged, and  also  conforms  with  the  best  practice  of  the  times  in  giv- 
ing both  summaries  of  the  distribution  and  the  type  localities  of  the 
species.  A  particularly  full  index  closes  the  paper. 

As  a  whole  the  paper  is  an  excellent  one,  which  any  entomologist,  or 
in  fact  any  systematic  biologist,  would  do  well  to  examine,  if  for  no 
other  reason  than  to  profit  by  the  method  of  presentation  of  the  con- 
tents. The  author,  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History  and  the 
Congo  Expedition  members  equally  can  feel  pride  in  the  publication  of 
Dr.  Bequaert's  study.  May  all  the  Congo  reports  be  as  commendable 
as  this  one.— J.  A.  G.  RKJIN. 


4OO  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Dec., 'l8 


OBITUARY. 

Obituary  notices  of  JOHN  W.  BRADLEY,  of  the  United  States 
Bureau  of  Entomology,  died  July  4,  1918,  and  of  VERNON 
KING,  of  the  same  Bureau,  died  April  11,  1918,  are  given  in  the 
Journal  of  Economic  Entomology  for  August,  1918.  Both  were 
in  the  aviation  service. 

Professor  DAVID  ERNEST  LANTZ,  assistant  biologist  in  the 
Bureau  of  Biological  Survey,  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture,  who  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  on  October  /, 
1918,  took  an  active  interest  in  the  entomological  fauna  of 
Kansas  during  his  residence  in  that  State  from  18/8  to  1904. 
He  was  born  in  Juniata  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  I,  1855. 

FREDERICK  KNAB,  of  the  Bureau  of  Entomology,  United 
States  Department  of  Agriculture,  died  November  2,  1918, 
after  a  long  illness.  He  was  born  in  Wurzburg,  Germany, 
September  22,  1865,  and  after  serving  as  zoological  artist  to 
the  State  Entomologist  of  Illinois  in  1903-1905,  entered  the 
service  of  the  Bureau  in  1906.  He  was  associated  with  Doc- 
tors L.  O.  Howard  and  H.  G.  Dyar  in  the  authorship  of  the 
four  volume  work,  The  Mosquitoes  of  North  and  Central 
America  and  the  West  Indies,  published  by  the  Carnegie  In- 
stitution of  Washington,  1912-1917.  A  biography,  bibliography, 
and  probably  a  portrait,  of  Mr.  Knab  will  be  published  in  the 
Proceedings  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  IVasliington,  of 
which  he  was  a  member.  His  duties  as  Custodian  of  Diptera 
in  the  United  States  National  Museum  will  be  assumed  by 
Prof.  J.  M.  Aldrich. 

V.  A.  ERICH  DAECKE,  of  the  Advisory  Committee  of  the 
NEWS,  died  at  Richmond  Hill,  Long  Island,  New  York,  on 
October  28,  1918.     We  hope  to  give  an  account  of  his  entu 
mological  work  in  our  next  number. 

The  death  of  STUART  C.  VINAL,  of  the  Massachusetts  Agri- 
cultural Experiment  Station,  on  September  26,  1918,  is  an- 
nounced in  Science.  He  was  twenty-three  years  old.  "He  dis- 
covered the  presence  of  the  European  corn  borer,  Pyraitsta 
nuliilalis,  in  this  country  last  year  and  was  engaged  in  the 
study  of  its  habits  when  seized  with  influenza." 


INDEX    TO    VOL     XXIX. 


(*  indicates  new  genera,  species  or  varieties.; 

ALDRICII,  J.  M.    The  anthomyid  genus  Pogonomyia.     (Illus.; 


Samuel  Wendell  \Yilliston  ..........................  322 

ALEXANDER,  C.  P.    A  new  interpretation  of  the  wing-vena- 
tion of  the  Pediciine  crane-flies.     (Illus.)    ..........  201 

New   species  of   Crane-flies    from   California  ..........  285 

BAERG,  W.  J.    Key  to  eastern  species  of  Rh\f>lins  ........  354 

BARBER,  H.  G.    Corrections  to  "New  York  Scolopostethi".    51 
BEUTEXMULLER,  \V.     Description  of  a  new  Pcridlstus.  .  .  .251 

Notes  on  Cynipidae,  with  description  of  a  new  species.  327 
BI,AISDELL,  F.  E.    Studies  in  the  tenebrionid  tribe  Eleodiini. 
Nos.  3,  4  ...................................  162,  380 

Studies  in  the  Tenebrionidae  ........................      7 

BRAUN,  A.  F.    New  genera  and  species  of  Lyonetiidae  ....  245 

BRIMLEY,  C.  S.    Records  of  North  Carolina  Odonata  t'n-ni 
1908  to   1917  ....................................  227 

BRITTAIN,  W.  H.     Entomological  Society  of  Xova  Scotia. 
A  Correction  ....................................    3^ 

CALVERT,  P.  P.    An  appeal  for  co-operation.     (  Editorial  )..  i  12 
Entomology  in  Central   Europe.      (Editorial)  .........  353 

Entomology  at  the  convocation  week  meetings.     (  Fciitorial  ! 

/i 
The  forms  of  generic  and  specific  names.     (  Editorial  )  .  .  Hj2 

Making    the    editorial    of    greater    use    to    entomology. 
(  Editorial)    ................................  232.    270 

No  simple  life  for  insects.     (  Editorial)    ..............  313 

The  present  crisis.      (  Editorial  )  .....................    33 

Review  :  Lutx's  Field  book  of  Insects  ................  155 

Rules  and  suggestions  for  our  contributors.     (  Editorial  (. 
CAI'DKI.!.,  A.  X.     Regarding  Dinphcrotucra  rdici  and  Mmi- 
d  hlalchlc\l  ................................. 

•JOJ 


402  INDEX 

COCKERELL,  T.  D.  A.     A  remarkable  new  bee  of  the  genus 

O.vaea    252 

Some  bees  of  the  genus  Pannrginns 169 

The  Bembicine  wasps 59 

COLE,  F.  R.  A  new  genus  of  Cyrtidae  from  South  Amer- 
ica. (Illus.)  6 1 

CRESSON,  E.  T.,  JR.     New  North  American  Diptera 133 

CRESSON  &  REHN.     (See  Entomological  Literature.) 

CURRIE,  R.  P.  Occurrence  of  the  damselfly,  Argiallagma 
minutum,  in  southern  Florida 271 

DICKERSON  &  WEISS,  t'orythitcha  spinuloso,  a  new  lace- 
bug  on  wild  cherry.  (Illus.)  121 

DICKERSON,  E.  L.    (See  also  Weiss  &  Dickerson.) 

DOZIER,  H.  L.  An  annotated  list  of  Gainesville.  Florida, 
Coleoptera  205,  331,  370 

DUNN,  L.  H.  The  lake  mosquito,  Mansonia  titillans,  and 
its  host  plant,  Pistia  stratiotes,  in  the  Canal  Zone,  Pan- 
ama   260.  288 

EMERTON,  J.  H.     A  new  house  spider   74 

EWING,  H.  E.  The  beetle-mite  fauna  of  Mary's  Peak,  Coast 
Range,  Oregon.  (Illus.)  Si 

FAUST,  E.  C.  A  new  Tyroglyphid  for  western  Montana. 
(Illus.)  ' .336 

FERRIS,  G.  F.  The  alleged  occurrence  of  a  seasonal  di- 
morphism in  the  females  of  certain  species  of  mealy 
bugs  .  . 349 

Fox,  H.  On  a  long-winged  or  caudate  phase  of  Ncotctti.r 
proarus.  (Illus.) 347 

FROST,  C.  W.     Dragonfly  larva  feeding  on  a  living  snake.  .335 

FUNKHOUSER,  W.  D.  A  new  membracid  on  Cypress. 
(Illus.)  .185 

GARNETT,   R.   T.     Beetle,  Hippomelas  splicnictts,  prey   of 

wasp 1 42 

Notes  on  Dinapatc  Bright ii.     (Illus.)    41 

GILLETTE,  G.  P.     Some  grass-root  Aphicls.     (Illus.)   281 

GIRAULT,  A.   A.     New  and   old  West   Indian   and   North 

American  chalcid  flies 125 

The  North  American  species  of  Ccrcliysins,  females   .  .  .65 


INDEX  403 

GOE,  M.  T.    Life  history  of  Gastroidea  caesia 224 

HANCOCK,  J.  L.    A  new  genus  and  t\vo  new  species  of  Tet- 

tigids,  with  a  note  on  Noniotctti.r  borcalis.     ( I  Hits. 'i   .  .343 
HEBARD,  M.     A  correction  concerning  Labia  uunulata  and 

Labia  dorsalis    66 

A  generic  assignment  of  three  North  American  species 

of  Dermaptera   5 

(See  also  Rehn  &  Hebard.) 

HOPFINGER,  J.  C.     Notes  on  Papilla  iinira   354 

HOWARD,  L.  O.     A  note  on  insects  found  on  snow  at  high 

elevations    375 

An  unusual  bumblebees'  nest 114 

Moonstones  in  a  Cecropia  cocoon 15 

HUGUENIN,  J.  C.     Early  appearance  of   Lycacna  antiacis 

and  .rcr.vcs    392 

HUNGERFORD,  H.  B.     Concerning  the  oviposition  of  Noto- 

nectae.      (Illus.)    241 

IRELAND,  \Y.  H.     Collecting  notes  from  California   353 

JONES,    F.    M.     Dorniphora   rcnnsta   in   Sarraceuia   flai'ci. 

( Illus.)     299 

KXAB  &  VAN  ZWALUWENBURG.    A  second  Mycetophila  with 

dung-bearing  larva.      (Illus.)    138 

KNIGHT,  H.  H.     New  species  of  Lopldca  from  Arizona. 

(Illus.)     172 

Old  and  new  species  of  Lopidca  from  the  United  States. 

(Illus.)     210 

KNULL,  J.  N.     A  new  species  of  Eupogonius  from  Penn- 
sylvania    132 

LAURENT,  P.     Notes  on  variations  and  abnormal  forms  of 

three  species  of  Saturniidae.     (  Illus.)   161 

LENG,  C.  W.     Genitalia  of  Rhynchophora — Material  want- 
ed     150 

LKUSSLER,  R.  A.     Interesting  butterfly  occurrence  at  Bee- 

ville,  Texas 149 

McArEK,  \Y.  L.     Psyllidae  of  the  vicinity  of  Washington. 

D.  C.,  with  description  of  a  new  species  of  Aphalara, 

( Illus. )    220 

Vaporous  discharge  by  Anisomorpha  bnprcstoldcs 388 


404  INDEX 

McDuNNOUGH,  J.     Dates  of  issue  of  the  plate  of  Guerin's 

Iconographie  du  Regne  Animal   378 

A  review  of  reviews 187 

MALLOCH,   J.   R.     Another   European   anthomyiid   in    Illi- 
nois     113 

A  new  species  of  Johannsenomyia   229 

Obituary :  Charles  A.  Hart   157 

Occurrence  of  a  European  Anthomyiid  in  Illinois 32 

Pyrrhotcs  hacmatoloma  and  Lcptocoris  tririltatits  in  Illi- 
nois     284 

Two  new  North  American  Phoridae 146 

MARCHAND,   W.     The   larval   stages   of   Argyra   albicans. 

(Illus.)     216 

MARLATT,  C.  L.     Interrelations  of  different  species  of  in- 
sects        74 

PARKER,  R.  R.     Data  concerning  flies  that  frequent  privy 

vaults  in  Montana   143 

PARSHLEV,  H.  M.     Bibliography  of  the  North  American 

Hemiptera  in  preparation    391 

RAU,  P.     Maternal  care  in  Dlnocoris  triptcrus 75 

REHN,  J.  A.  G.     Obituary:  Adolph  Friedrich,  grand  duke 

of  Mecklenburg-Strelitz   159 

Review :  Bequaert's  Revision  of  the  Vespidae  of  the  Bel- 
gian Congo   .  .  397 

(See  also  Cresson  &  Rehn.) 
REHN  &  HEBARD.     A  new  species  of  the  genus  Nemobius 

from  California.     (Illus.)    102 

ROBERTSON,  C.     Proterandry  and  flight  of  bees 340 

Some  genera  of  bees 91 

ROHWER,  S.  A.     Notes  on  and  descriptions  of  the  Nearctic 

wood-wasps  of  the  genus  Xiphydria   105 

SCIIAUS,  W.    A  new  Agrias  from  Guatemala 387 

SELL,  R.  A.    Notes  on  the  hibernating  of  the  belted  cucum- 
ber beetle    (»3 

SKINNER,  H.     Argynms  apachcana,  a  new  name   67 

As  to  types.     (Editorial.)    148 


INDEX  4°5 

A  gynandromorph   of   Callosainia  ani/ulifera   and   .Mcli- 

tuca  phaeton  aber.  strcckcri 369 

'  >bituary  notice  of  \\'illiam  D.  Kearfott I 

Review :    Barnes   &    McDimnough's   Contributions,    \  ol. 

IV.  Pt.  2 277 

Review :    ( )'berthur's    Ktudes   de   Lepidopterologie   Com- 

paree    1 18 

Review:    Escomel's    The   Lalrodcctns    niaclans   and    the 
Gliptocranium  gasteracanthoides  in  the  Department  of 

Arequipa,   Pern    1 1 8 

Review:  Nagano's  Study  of  the  Japanese  Lasiocampidae.iQ? 
Review :    Report  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Second  Ento- 
mological meeting  held  at  Pusa,  India 277 

Sclcnis  sucroidcs   44 

Some  species  of  Copacodcs 150 

SMITH,  M.  R.    A  key  to  the  known  species  of  South  Caro- 
lina ants,  with  notes    17 

STEARNS,  L.  A.    Description  of  a  new  species  of  the  family 

Cercopidae  from  Wisconsin    3 

ST<H:T,  A.  L.     Variation  in  labial  characters  in  the  nymph 

of  Com  pints  spicatns.     (Illus.)    68 

SWAIN,  A.  F.     Miscellaneous  studies  in  the  family  Aphid- 

idae.      (Illus.)    361 

TII.LYARD,  R.  J.     The  Micropterygidae  not  of  the  jugate 

type.      (Illus.) 90 

DM  LA  TOR  KM  lU'K.xo,  R.  J.     Review:  Van  Duzee's  Cata- 
logue of  the  Hemiptera   1 54 

TowxsExn.  C.  II.  T.     A  new  muscoid  genus  from  the  C'hi- 

ricahua  mountains,  Arizona i  77 

WATSON,  J.  H.     Hemilenca  hnnisi,  its  specific  validity  and 

habitat    252 

\\'i-.iss.  11.  1).     Additional  Acarina  found  in   \Yw  Jersey   ..193 

Additions  to  in^rls  of   \e\\-  Ji-r.sey.  Xo.  6 3a) 

Gracilaria  :::achr\sa  in  Xew  Ji'rsey i  i  \ 

Isaac   I'.  Trimble,   M.I).,  earlv  economic  entomologist  ol 

Xew  Jersey 2<) 

(See  also  Dickerson  \   \\'eiss.) 


406  INDEX 

WEISS  &  DICKERSON.    The  early  stages  of  Corythucha  /vr- 
gandei.      (Illus.)    -2<  '5 

WICKHAM,  H.  F.    An  interesting  new  species  of  Eleodes  .  .255 
Feeding  habits  of  a  harvest  spider   115 

WILLIAMS,  R.  C.,  JR.    The  genus  Lycaena,  cnoptcs-group. 
(Illus.)     99 

WILSON,  H.  F.    A  new  species  of  Microsiphmn.     (Illus.)  .  .230 

VAN   DUZEE,    M.   C.      New   North   American   species   of 
Dolichopodidae.      (Illus.)     45 

VAN  DYKE,  E.  C.     New  inter-tidal  rock-dwelling  Coleop- 

tera   from  California    303 

New  Species  of  Buprestidae  from  the  Pacific  States- 
No.  2  53 

YUASE,  H.     An  extra  molt  in  the  nymphal  stages  of  the 
chinch  bug    233 

ZWALUWENBURG,  R.  H.     (See  Knab  and  Zwalmvenburg.) 


INDEX 


407 


GENERAL    SUBJECTS 

Academy    of    Natural    Sciences 
of   Philadelphia.      (See   En- 
tomological  Section.) 

American  Entomological  So- 
ciety   36,  197 

Association  of  Economic  Bi- 
ologists, Membership  in  the  171 

British  Museum  not  to  be 
used  for  Government  pur- 
poses    in 

Central    Europe,    Entomology 

'"    353 

Collecting  in  Guatemala,  Mr. 
Schaus's  113 

Collections  of  the  late  W.  H. 
Harrington  391 

Convocation  Week  Meetings, 
Entomology  at  the 71,  393 

Co-operation,  An  appeal  for..    112 

Crisis,   The  present 33 

Doings   of    Societies,   36,    79,    119, 
156,  197,  278,  319,  359. 

Editorial  of  greater  use  to  en- 
tomology, Making  the.. 232,  270 

Emergency  E  n  t  o  mological 
Service 72,  234,  271,  313 

Enthusiasm,  Genuine  ento- 
mological    92 

Entomological    Literature,   34,   76, 
116,  151,  194,  237,  274,  314,  355, 

394- 
Entomological  Section,  37,  79,  198, 

278,  359- 
Feldman  Collecting  Social,  39,  119, 

199-  279,  319,  360. 
Erance,  Entomological   Society 

of    79,  278 

GcMieric    and    specific    names, 

Forms  of '92 

Harrington   collections    391 

Honors  to  entomologists   ....   377 
Insects  attacking  insects,  66,   126, 

141,  296,  312. 


Minnesota,    New    entomologi- 
cal officials  in   113 

New  York  Entomological  So- 
ciety Fund  114 

New  'York  Entomological  So- 
ciety   Meeting    278 

Nova     Scotia,     Entomological 
Society  of,  A  correction...     38 

Ohio      Entomologists,      Meet- 
ings of   156 

One   hundred   and   fifty   years 
of  collecting  113 

Plants  attacked  by  insects,  41,  44, 
73.  107,  114-  121,  132,  172,  185, 
193,  205,  210,  220,  224,  230,  235, 
241,  246,  251,  272,  274,  279,  283, 
284,  309,  313,  329,  336,  360,  363 

Plants  visited  by  insects,  40,  55, 
60,  297,  299,  360,  370. 

Rippon   Collections   go   to  the 
National  Museum  of  Wales  in 

Rules     and     suggestions     for 
contributors    389 

Scudder's  Tertiary  Insects  of 
North  America    131 

Simple  life  for  insects,  No...   313 

Snow  at  high  elevations,  Note 

on  insects   found  on 375 

Spain,  Foundation  of  the  En- 
tomological   Society    of....   279 
Types,  As  to   148 

OBITUARY    NOTICES 

Baer,  G.  A 280 

Bradley,  J.  W 400 

Champion,   R.  J 80 

Daecke,   E 400 

Dixon,  S.  G 157 

Frey-Gessner,  E 240 

Gnldi,  E.  A So 

Grouvelle,   A So 

Harrington,  W.  11 320 

Hart,  C.  A 157 

I  lanvood,  W.  H 240 


408 


INDEX 


Kearfott,  W.  D.    (ill.) i 

King,  V 400    ! 

Knab,  F 400 

Lantz,  D.  E 400 

Leonardi,  G 360 

Mecklenburg,  A.  F.  duke  of..    159 

Palm,  C 159 

Reinecke,    0 240 

Sleight,  C.  E 280 

Standen,  R.  S 240 

Standfuss,   M 80 

Vinal,  S.  C 400 

Williston,  S.  W 322 

Xambeu,   P 80 

PERSONALS 

Ball,  E.  D 377 

Bradley,  J.   C 74 

Godman,  F.  D 377 

Howard,  C.  W 74 

Knight,  H.  H 74 

Marchal,  P 377 

Pickard-Cambridge,   0 302 

Smart,  H.  D 92 

Trimble,  I.  P 29 

Wade,  J.   S 74 

Walsh,  B.  D 72 

Washburn,  F.  L 70 

Williston,    S.    W.    (ill.) 321 

REVIEWS 

Barnes  &  McDonnough  :  Con- 
tributions Vol.  IV,  pt.  2...  277 

Bequaert :  Revision  of  the 
Vespidae  of  the  Belgian 
Congo  397 

Escomel :  Latrodectus  mac- 
tans  and  the  Gliptocranium 
gesteracanthoides  118 

Fletcher:  Report  of  proceed- 
ings of  the  entomological 
meeting  at  Pusa  277 

Lutz  :    Field  book  of  insects..    155 

Nagano :  Japanese  Lasio- 
campidae  and  Drepanidae..  197 


Oberthur :  fitudes  de  Lepi- 
dopterologie  1 18 

Van  Duzee :  Catalogue  of  the 
Hemiptera  154 

GEOGRAPHICAL    DISTRIBU- 
TION 

Arachnida:  Iowa,  115;  Mass.,  74; 
Mont.,  336*;  N.  J.,  193;  Ohio, 
74;  Oreg.,  81. 

Coleoptera:  Can.,  120;  Ariz., 
1 68*,  279;  Cal.,  8*,  41,  53*,  142, 
162*,  303*,  381*;  Col.,  200;  Del., 
40;  Fla.,  120,  200,  235,  272,  295, 
370;  Me.,  272;  Md.,  120;  Mo., 
235;  Nev.,  162*;  N.  J.,  39,  40, 
311,  369;  N.  Mex.,  2^7*;  N.  C., 
39;  Oreg.,  11,  163*,  224,  381; 
Pa.,  40,  119,  132,  199,  369;  Tex., 
200;  Utah,  167*,  386*;  Va.,  39, 
93,  120;  Wash.,  167*. 

Diptera :  Greenl.,  137* ;  Can.,  46, 
183;  Ariz.,  48*,  177;  Cal.,  45, 
48*.  133*,  183,  285*;  Col.,  183; 
Fla.,  46,  320;  Ida.,  183;  111.,  32, 
113,  147*,  183,  230*;  Mont.,  143;  . 
Neb.,  47*;  N.  J.,  46*,  120,  216, 
312;  N.  Mex.,  133*;  N.  Y.,  133*: 
Wise.,  183;  S.  C.,  299;  W.  Ind.. 
140*:  C.  Am.,  260;  S.  Am.,  61* 

Hemiptera:  Alab,,  212,  272;  Ariz., 
172*.  212*,  245,  Cal.,  245,  272, 
349,  361  ;  Col.,  175*.  210,  213*, 
283*;  Conn.,  211,  272;  Ga.,  211; 
111.,  214*,  284;  Iowa,  210;  Kans., 
233,  245;  La.,  185*,  235,  272;; 
Me.,  210;  Md.,  210,  220*;  Mass., 
210;  Mo.,  211,  214*;  Mont.,  210; 
Nev.,  272;  N.  H.,  210;  N.  J., 
121,  205,  210,  272,  309;  N.  Mex., 
172*;  N.  Y.,  210,  245;  N.  C., 
211  ;  N.  D.,  213*;  Ohio,  212,  272; 
Okla.,  272 ;  Oreg.,  230*,  272 ; 
Tex.,  215*.  272,  -.'84;  Utah,  210; 
Va.,  210,  211*.  220;  Wash.,  272; 
Wise.,  3*,  272;  Asia,  274. 


INDEX 


409 


Hymenoptera :  Can.,  no;  Cal., 
66*,  251*;  Conn.,  108;  Ga.,  329; 
Kans.,  110;  Md.,  107;  Mass., 
no;  Mo.,  114;  N.  H.,  no;  N.  J., 
107,  312;  N.  Y.,  108,  330*;  Pa., 
107;  S.  C..  17:  Tex.,  329;  Va., 
108;  W.  Ind.,  125;  Mex.,  170* ; 
S.  Am.,  169*,  252*. 

Lepidoptera :  Ariz.,  37 ;  Cal.,  37, 
100,  231,  246*,  353,  392;  Col., 
100;  Conn.,  369;  Fla.,  37,  39,  44, 
198;  Ga.,  198:  La.,  249*;  Md., 
251*;  Mass.,  235;  Mo.,  37;  N.  J., 
40,  144,  311;  N.  Mex.,  36,  100; 
N.  C.,  248*;  Ohio,  248*;  Okla., 
37;  Oreg.,  37:  Pa.,  36,  39,  40, 
99,  119,  161,  360:  Tex.,  149,  150; 
Utah,  loo ;  Wash.,  354;  W.  Ind., 
38;  C.  Am.,  387*. 

Xeuroptera  :    N.  J 309 

Odonata  :  Fla.,  271  ;  Mass.,  37  ; 
N.  C.,  227 ;  Pa.,  198,  278. 

Orthoptera:  Cal.,  102*;  Fla.,  388; 
Tl!.,  259;  Ind.,  259;  Iowa,  259; 
Kans.,  259;  Md.,  259;  Minn., 
259;  N.  J.,  259:  N.  Y.,  259; 
Okla.  259;  Term.,  345*.  347; 
Tex.,  259,  345*;  Wash.,  259; 
C.  Am.,  5. 

ARACHNIDA 

Acarina  found  in  New  Jersey, 

Additional    193 

.\chiptcr\a    (see    orcgoncnsis, 

borealis). 

ttcittu*.   Onhntclla    (ill.) 84 

aequidentatvs*,      I.  i  a  c  a  r  u  s 

(ill.)    86 

Heetle   mite   fauna   of   Mary's 

Peak,   Oregon    (ill.) 81 

hidcntatus*,  Liacarus    (ill.)...     85 
borealis*,  Achiptcria    (ill.) ...     84 

colorodensis,  Thanatus  74 

J'.upclnps       (see      monticolus, 

subborealis) . 


Feeding  habits  of   Phalangida  115 

House  spider,  A  new 74 

Hermanniella      (see     robusta, 

occidentalism . 
Jui/atala  (see  lamellata). 

lamellata*,  Jugatala   (ill.) 84 

Liacarus    (see   bidentatus,   ro- 

biistits.  aequidentatus) . 
inmiticolus*.  Eupclops   (ill.)..     82 
occidental-is*,       Hermanniella 

(ill.)    87 

oregonensis*,  Achiptcria  (ill.)     83 
Oribatclla   (see  acuta). 
Phalangida,     Feeding     habits 

of   115 

Pickard-Cambridge  collection.  302 
Rhisoglyphus   (see  sagittatae). 
robusta*,   Hermanniella    (ill.)     87 
robustus*,   Liacarus    (ill.) ....     85 
sagittatac*.  Rhizo  glyph  us 

(ill.)     336 

subborcalis*.   Eupclops    (ill.).     82 
Thatunus  (see  coloradcnsis}. 
Tyroglyphid      from      western 

Montana.   New    (ill.) 336 

COLEOPTERA 

Additions  to  New  Jersey  rec- 
ords       311 

affiuis*.    Encodes    inculta    ....    384 
attcituata*.  I'.lcodcs  hispilabris  168 

baltcata,   Diabrotica    93 

barbata*.  Elcodcs   256 

Belted    cucumber    beetle    (see 

Diahrotica  bait  cat  a). 
IHapylis   (see  Elcodcs). 
!»<Tisctos(i*,   I-'lcodcs  f>iinclio- 

idcs    ii'-' 

brid-:\.'clli*.    I'oci-Houota     53 

P>upri  -tidui-    from    tlic    Pacific 

States,   Xe\v    53 

cacsia,    (insti-oiilcii    224 

culifiirnica*.  Melanophila  ....     54 
californicHs,   Hurystethes   ....  307 
Chrysobothris   (see  falli.  l/iri- 
cis,  e.rcsa). 


INDEX 


Coniontis  (see  hoppingi,  mus- 
cula,  montana). 

Diabrotica  baltcata.  Hibernat- 
ing of  93 

Dinapatc    u'rightii.    Notes    on 

(ill.)    • 4i 

Eleodes,  Interesting  new 255 

(See  also  brerisetosa,  nun- 
cnmacheri,  z'errucula,  pro- 
pinqna,  iinitabilis,  clongata, 
attenuata,  squalida,  z'an- 
dykei,  hornii,  monticula, 
perpunctata,  gig  ant  ea,  meri- 
dionalis,  patruclis,  horrida, 
affinis). 

Eleodiini,  Studies  in  the..  162,  380 
elongata*,  Eleodes  hispilabris 

imitabilis    167 

Eupogonius  from  Pennsylva- 
nia, New  132 

Eurystethes  (see  californicus, 
stejnegeri,  fuchsii,  subopa- 
cus}. 

exesa,  Chrysobothris  58 

falli*,  Chrysobothris   56 

fra.vini*,   Eupogonius    132 

fuchsii,  Eurystethes    307 

Gastroidea  caesia,  Life  history 

and  habits   224 

Genitalia     of     Rhynchophora, 

Material   wanted   150 

yigantca,  Eleodes   386 

Hibernating  of  the  belted  cu- 
cumber beetle  93 

Plippomelas    sphcnicus,    prey 

of  wasp  142 

hoppingi*,  Coniontis   7 

hornii,  Eleodes   385 

horrida*,  Eleodes  cordata...  383 
imitabilis*,  Eleodes  hispilabris  167 
Inter-tidal  rock-dwelling  cole- 

optera   303 

Interrelations  of  different  spe- 
cies    74 


lapidicolus*,  Ochtliebius   306 

laricis,   Chrysobothris    58 

Life    history    and    habits    of 

Gastroidea   caesia    224 

List   of    Coleoptera   of    North 

America  392 

List    of    Gainesville,    Florida, 

Coleoptera 295,  331,  370 

Material  desired  for  study...  64 
tncridionalis*,  Eleodes  gigan- 

tea   387 

Melanophila  (see  calif  ornica) . 

montana,  Coniontis   n 

monticula*,  Eleodes  hornii..  385 
muscula*,  Coniontis  globulina  9 
nigripennis*.  Thalassotrcclius.  304 

nuncnmacheri*,  Eleodes    163 

Ochthcbius   (see  lapidicolus}. 
patruelis*.    Eleodes    pimelio- 

ides    382 

pcrpuncata*.  Eleodes  dentipes  386 
Poccilonota  (see  bridzvelli). 

propinqua*,  Eleodes    165 

Rhynchophora,  Material  want- 
ed  for  genitalia 150 

Rock-dwelling  coleoptera  from 

California,  New   303 

sphenicus,  Hippomelas    142 

squalida*,   Eleodes   parricollis  380 

stejnegeri,    Eurystethes    307 

subopacus*,  Eurystethes  ....  308 
Tenebrionid  tribe  Eleodiini, 

Studies   in    162,  380 

Tenebrionidae,   Studies   in  the       7 

Thalassotrcclius*    303 

randykci,   Eleodes    381 

rerrucula*,      Eleodes     nunen- 

inacheri    164 

wrightii,  Dinapatc    (ill.) 41 

DIPTERA 

Additions  to  New  Jersey  list.   312 

ddrogans*,    Cordilura    135 

albicaiis,  .-Irf/yra   216 


INDEX 


411 


albnla,  Phorbia  32 

alpicola,  Pogonomyia  (ill.)...  184 

altcrnatus.  Rhyphus  354 

amans*,  Cordilura  134 

amocna*.  Orthacheta  133 

ancylifonnans,  Mycctophila 

(ill.) 139 

annulicornis*,  Johannsenom- 

yia  230 

Anthomyid  genus  Pogonomyia 

(ill.)    • 179 

Anthomyiid  in  Illinois,  Occur- 
rence of 32,   113 

Aphiochacta    (see  quadripunc- 

tata). 

Apoccphalus  (see  pictus). 
appcndiculatus.  Asyndctus    ....  46 
argcntatus*,  Hydrophonts  ...     50 
Argyra        albicans,        Larval 

stages    (ill.)    216 

Asyndctus    (see    appendicula- 

tus). 

aterrima,   Pogonomyia    182 

caz'icola*.   Chiricahuia    178 

chilensis*.   Villains    (ill.) 63 

Chiricahuia*    177 

cinctipennis*,  Erioptera   286 

Cordilura         (see        ricrccki. 

amans,  adrogans). 
Crane    flies    from    California, 

New   285 

Crane  flies,  Wing  venation  of  201 
cun-ipcs*.  Hydrophorus  (ill.)  48 
Cyrtidae  from  South  America, 

A  new  genus  of  (ill.) 61 

Dactylolabis  (see  Limnophila) . 
dintidiata*.    Parallelomma . . . .  J35 
Dolichopodidae,     New     North 

American  (ill.)    45 

Dohrniphora   venusta   in   Sar- 

raccnia   flora    (ill.) 299 

1  >ung-hearing  larva  of  Myce- 

tophila   138 

I'.riopicra  (see  cinctipennis). 


l;.unjpean  Anthomyiid  in   Illi- 
nois     32,   113 

fciicstralis,  Rhyfhns    354 

flavicornis* ,  Paradius    48 

fhrcida*.  Phyllolabis  287 

Flies      that      frequent      privy 
vaults     in     Montana,     Data 

concerning    143 

Hcrcostoinus    (see    unicolor). 
Hydrophorus      (see   curi'ipes, 

argcntatus). 

Johannscnomyia.      New      spe- 
cies of    229 

Lake  mosquito  (see  Mansonia 

titillans). 

laticrus*,    Tachytrechus    (ill.)     46 
Larval  stages  of  Argyra  albi- 
cans  (ill.)    216 

I c pits*,  Parasyntormon    (ill.).     45 
Limnophila  (see  nitidithorax) . 
Mansonia  titillans  and  its  host 

plant  in  the  Canal  zone,  260,  288 
mcrdigcra*,  Mycctophila  (ill.)    140 

Mosquitoes  and  the  war 191 

Mosquito,    Mansonia    titillans 
and    its    host    plant    in    the 

Canal  zone   260,  288 

Muscoid  genus   from  Chirica- 
hua   mountains   of   Arizona, 

New    177 

Mycctophila    with    dung-hear- 
ing  larva    (ill.) 138 

nigrocaudatus*,  Paradius....  47 
nigrolanata*.  Scathophaga..  .  .  136 
nigrolimbata*,  Scathophaga...  137 

nitcns.  Pogonomyia    183 

nitidithora.v* ,  Limnophila    ....  288 
nudicornis*,  Parallelomma  ...   135 
Orthacheta  (see  amoena). 
I'aracliits    (see   nigrocaudatus, 

flavicornis). 

Parallclonnna  (see  nudicomis, 
diinidiata,  I'icina). 

(see  Icptts). 


412 


INDEX 


Pediciine  crane  flies,  Interpre- 
tation of  wing  venation 

(ill.)    201 

Phaonia   (see  qucrccti). 
Phorbia   (see  albula). 
Phoridae,  New  North  Ameri- 
can       146 

Phyllolabis   (see  flaiida}. 

pictus*,    ApoccphaJns    146 

Pogonomyia,  Anthomyid  genus 

(ill.)    .". 179 

Privy   vault   flies 143 

Protoplasa  (see  vanduzeei). 

punctatus,   Rhyphits    354 

quadripunctata*,  Aphiochaeta.   147 

qucrceti,  Phaonia   113 

Rhyphus,  Key  to  eastern  spe- 
cies    354 

Scathophaga  (see  nigrolanata, 

nigrolimbata) . 
Scathophagidae,    New    North 

American    133 

spinitarsis*,  Pogonomyia 180 

Tachytrcchus  (see  laticrus}. 

titillans,  Mansonia 260,  288 

unicolor,  Hercostomus  46 

vanduseei*,  Protoplasa  285 

•venusta,  Dohnriphora  (ill.)---   299 

vicina*,  Parallclomma    136 

vierecki*,  Cordilura   134 

Fillalus*  (ill.)   61 

War,  Mosquitoes  and 191 

Wing-venation  of  the  Pedi- 
ciine crane  flies,  New  inter- 
pretation of  (ill.) 201 

HEMIPTERA 

Additions  to  New  Jersey  list..  309 
agrifoliae,  Pscudococcns   ....  349 

apache*,  Lopidca  (ill.) 173 

Aphalara,     New     species     of 

(ill.)    220 

Aphididae,  Studies  in  the  fam- 
ily (ill.)  361 


Aphids,  Some  grass-root  (ill.)  281 

arizonac*,   Lopidca    (ill.) 172 

atlanticus,  Scolopostcthus 52 

Bibliography  of  North  Ameri- 
can Hemiptera  in  prepara- 
tion    391 

Brachycolus   364 

cacsar,  Lopidca    (ill.) 212 

calif ornicus,  Monellia    366 

caricicola*,    Thripsaphis    (ill.)   367 

caryella,  Monellia 365 

Cercopidae  from  Wisconsin .  .       3 
Cerosipha  (see  cupressi). 

Chinch  bug,  Extra  molt 233 

confluens,  Lopidca   (ill.).....  211 
Corythucha    pergandci,    Early 

stages  of    (ill.) 205 

spinulosa,    a   new    lace-bug 

(ill.)      121 

Cottony  cushion  scale  in  Cey- 
lon    274 

Cryptosiphum 365 

cupressi,  Cerosipha 364 

diffidcns,  Scolopostcthus    ....     52 
Dimorphism  in  certain  species 

of  mealy  bugs   349 

Dinocoris   tripterus,   Maternal 

care  in    75 

Early    stages    of    Corythucha 

(ill.) 205 

cas*,   Aphalara    (ill.) 221 

Forda  (see  formicaria,  oliva- 
cca). 

formicaria,   Forda    (ill.) 282 

garryae*,   Lopidca    (ill.) 175 

glauca,    Notonecta    (ill.) 245 

hacmatoloma,  Pyrrhotcs    ....  284 

Icerya   purchasi  in    Ceylon . .  .  274 

incurra*,  Lopidca    (ill.) 214 

indica,  Notonecta    (ill.) 245 

insulata,  Notonecta    (ill.)....  245 
intermedia*,  Lopidca    (ill.)...  210 
Interrelations  of  different  spe- 
cies     74 


INDEX 


irrorata,  Notonccta    (ill.).... 

Lace-bug  on  wild  cherry  (ill.) 

lateralis*,  Lopidca  (ill.) 

lepidii*.  Lopidca   (ill.) 

Leptocoris  in   Illinois 

Lopidca   from  Arizona    (ill.). 

Lopidca  from  the  L'nitcd 
States,  Old  and  new  (ill.)  .  . 

lutca,  Notonccta    (ill.) 

Macrosiphoniella    

Miicrosiplmm,  A   new   (ill.)... 

major*.  Lopidca    ( ill.) 

Maternal  care  in  Dinocoris 
tripterus  

Mealy  bugs,  Occurrence  of  a 
seasonal  dimorphism  in  fe- 
males of  

media,   Lopidca    (ill.) 

Aiembracid  on  Cypress   (ill.). 

mc.vicana,  Notonccta    (ill.)... 


Lopidca    (ill.)..  . 
nymphal     stages 
bug   


of 


minima* 
Molt    in 

chinch 

M osellia   

nai'ajo*,  Lopidca    (ill.) 

Notonectae,      Oviposition      of 

(ill.)    

nymphal  stages  of  chinch  bug, 

Extra  molt 

I'liracca,  I'orda    (ill.) 

Oviposition      of      Notonectae 

(ill.)     

parallelus*,  J'hilticinis   

pcraandci,    Corythuclia    (ill  ). 
Philaenus   (see  parallelus). 

picta* ,  Lopidca    (ill.) 

Psfudococcus    (see  agrifolitic. 

(jucrcicolus,   trifolii). 
Psyllidae    of    the    vicinity    of 

Washington,   D.   C 

purchasi,    leery  a    

f'yrrhotes    and    Leptocoris    in 

Illinois    

iji-iircicoliis,    Psctidococcus.. .  . 


121 
174 
175 
284 

172 

210 
244 
362 
230 
215 

75 


349 
2IO 

185 

245 

176 

233 

365 

173 
241 

233 
283 

241 

3 
205 

214 


220 
274 

284 
350 


ralciuhli,  Xotonccta    (ill.)....  245 
rh  niodendri*,       Macroslplnun 

(ill.)     230 

rol-iniac,   Lopidca    (ill.) 211 

.\nnhrtrn  i,    Macrosiplnnn     (ill.)  363 

suyi*,   Lopidca    (ill.) 212 

Scolopostethi,  Corrections....  51 

.<li",itcrii.  \'otonccta   (ill.)....  245 

Siphonatrophia*   363 

sp'.nnlosa,    Corythucha     (ill.),  ui 
Slictolobiis   (see  trilincatus). 

tc.vana*,    Lopidca    (ill.) 215 

tli  'insoiii,  Scolopostethus    ....  52 
1'hripsaphis    (see  caricicola). 

li-iii>lii.   PscudococcHS    351 

friiiiicdtus*.   Stictolnbus    (ill.)  185 

triptcrns,   Dinocoris    75 

triritiatHX,    Leptocoris    284 

uhlcri,   Xotonccta    (ill.) 245 

undnlata,  Xotonccta   (ill.)  ....  245 

rariabilis,    Notonecta    (ill.)...  245 


HYMENOPTERA 

abdominalis,  Xiphydria    107 

Additions  to  New  Jersey  list.  312 

ticncircntris,  Panurifiimx    ....  170 

af/rifoliac,   Callirhytis    328 

americanus,  Camponotus   ....  26 

a  in  eric  aims,  Lasius    28 

amcriccnsis*,    Stoinatoceras ..  .  127 

analis.  Iridomynncx   24 

.-Indrictts  (see  impositus). 

Ants  of  South  Carolina 17 

Aphacnogaster     (see     trcatae. 

lamellidens,   fulra.   carolcn- 

sis ) . 

.]tta   (see  septentrionalis) . 
attcrina,    Dolichodcrus    tasch- 

cnhenii     23 

bad'ms,  Pogonomyrmc.r   Jo 

basalts,   Xiphydria    no 

Bees,  Some  genera  of 91 

Bembicine   wasps    59 


414 


INDEX 


Biorhisa  (see  >  i  Ig  r  a ) . 
Boinbus,  Unusual  nest  of....    114 
Bruchobiu'S   (see  laticeps). 
Bumblebees'  nest,  Unusual...   114 

caespitum,  Tetramorium  22 

calif  ornicus,    Clostcrocerus . . .   131 
Callirhytis   (see  agrifoliae). 

callurus*,  Panurginus    169 

Camponotus    (see    pennsylva- 

nicus,   dccipiens,   ncarcticus, 

amcricanus). 

canadensis,  Xiphydria    no 

carmc,  Idarncs    129 

carolensis,  Aphacnogastcr 21 

castanopsidis*,    Pcrisclistus.. .   251 

caudatus,   Cerchysius    65 

Cerchysius,    North    American 

species  of    65 

Chalcid-flies,  West  Indian  and 

North  American  125 

claviger,  Lasins 29 

Closterocerus  (see  utahensis). 

clypcatus*,  Polycystus   128 

concinnus,  Panurginus    171 

coriacea,  Halictus   91 

crassicornis,  Phcidole    22 

Cremastogaster   (see  missour- 

iensis,  lutea,  lineolata). 

Curtisapis*    91 

curvispinosus,    Leptothora.v.. .     19 
cyaneiventris,    Mosolelaps. . .  .   129 
Cynipidae,  Notes  and  descrip- 
tions       327 

decipiens,  Camponotus    26 

dcntata,  Phcidole    22 

Dolichodcrus       (see      marine, 

plagiatus,      pitstulatits,      at- 

terina) . 
Dorymyrmc.v   (see  pyramicus, 

niger,  flavus). 
Eciton   (see  opacithorax) . 
Eiscniclla  (see  Sccundciscnia). 

elasmoceri,  Cerchysius   65 

Epivnelissodes*   9- 


crythrogastra,  Xiphydria 108 

eitdami*,  Pscudomphalc    130 

flai'icornis,   Grotiusoinyia 126 

flarus,  Dorymyrmex    24 

Flight  of  bees   340 

Formica    (see    subsericca,   in- 

tegra,    pallidc-fulra,    schau- 

fussi). 

fuli'a,  Aphacnogaster  21 

fulvicollis,  Philonix  328 

georgicus,  Megachile    92 

Grotiusomyia*    125 

haematura*,  O.vaca  252 

Hctcrosarus*    91 

hicoriac*,  Xiphydria   109 

hubbardi,    Cerchysius    65 

humilis,  Iridomyrmc.v    24 

Idarncs  (see  carmc). 

imparis,  Prenolcpis    27 

impositus*,  Andricus   329 

incerta,  Sycophila   129 

innuptus,  Panurginus    171 

intcgra,  Formica    27 

intcrjcctus,  Lasius    29 

Interrelations       of       different 

species 74 

Iridomyrmc.v      (see      humilis, 

analis). 

kansensis*.  Pleurotropis 128 

Key  to  ants  of  South  Carolina     17 
lamcllidens,    Aphacnogaster...     21 

hiiacglobnli,  Philoni.r   328 

Lasius    (see  americanus,   lati- 

pes,  clai'igcr,  inter jectus.) 

laticcps,  Bruchobius    129 

latipes,  Lasius    29 

Leptothora.r     (see     currispin- 

osus,  pcrgandci). 

lineolata,  Cremastogaster 19 

ligatus,  Halictus   91 

lutca,     Cremastogaster     lineo- 
lata          19 

maculata,  Xiphydria  108 

mariae,   Dolichoderus   23 


INDEX 


4'5 


tnarylandicns,   Cerchysius  ..... 

maura,  Pcrdita   .............. 

mc.vicana,  Secundeisenia  ...... 

minimum,  Monomorium    ..... 

Mii>tmpsis       (see      Grntittso- 

myia). 
missouriensis,  Cremastogaster 

rictima   ................... 

Monomorium  (see  minimum), 
morrisi,  Phcidolc    ........... 

Mosolelaps      (see     cyancircn- 

tris). 
Nearctic    wood-wasps    of    the 

genus  Xiphydria    .......... 

nearcticus,  Camponotus  ...... 

iiebnlosd.   Odontocynips    ..... 

Xcotrypctes*   ................ 

nic/ra,  Biorhisa   .............. 

uii/cr.   Dorymyrmex    ......... 

nic/ricans,  Grotiusomyia    ..... 

ni(/ricollis.  Philoni.v   ......... 

nitcscens*,  Panurginus   ...... 

Odontalictits*    ............... 

Odontocynips    (see  nebulosa). 
Omphalchrysocharis   (see  pet- 

iolatus). 
opacithorax,  Eciton    ......... 

O.raea,  Remarkable  new  ...... 

pallide-fulva,  Formica   ....... 

pallipcs,  Ccrchysins    ......... 

Paintffiiiuis.  Some  bees  of... 
pitrritla.  f'rcnolcpis   .......... 

pan  us,  Calliopsis   ........... 

pennsyh'anicus,  Rinnbits  ..... 

pcnnsylvanicus,   Camponotus.. 
pcrciandci,  Lcptolhorax   ...... 

pergandci,  Sysphincta   ....... 

Pcriclistus,    Description    of    a 

new    ...................... 


s*,    Omphalchrysoch- 


ars 


gi 

126 

20 


19 


21 


105 

26 
329 

91 
327 

24 
126 
328 
170 

91 


i8 

252 

27 

65 

169 

28 

9i 

IM 

26 

19 

17 

251 
170 

i.U 


Plici(I<>!c  (see  uiorrisi.  cnissi- 
cnrni.'i.  tysoui,  dciitntti.  I'inc- 
landica), 


Philonix  (see  fulvicollis,  >ti£- 
rit'iillix,  lanac globuli ) . 

pic'Tfi.  Panunjinus   171  " 

pldi/idtus.  [itilicliodcrus   23 

plaiiatits*.   I'aintrf/inus    171 

Plcurotropis    (see   kansensis). 
Pogonomyrmex   (see  badius). 
Polycystns  (see  clypcatus) . 
Prctwlcpis    (see   imparts,  par- 
Tula). 

productus,   Trypctcs    91 

Proterandry  and  flight  of  bees  340 

provancheri,  Xiphydria   109 

I'sendomphalc    (see   cttdami). 
pustulatus,   Dolichoderus   pla- 

giatus  23 

pyramicus,  Dorymyrmex   ....     J4 

rudbcckiac,  Panurginus 171 

saltensis,  Panurginus    170 

Sarogastcr*    92 

schanfussi,   Formica    27 

Secundeisenia  (see  mexicana). 

Seladonia*     91 

scladonia,  Ualictns   91 

septentrionalis,        Trachymyr- 

me.r    20 

rcssilc,   Tapinoma    25 

steinbachi,  Panurginus   170 

Stomatoceras  (see  unipuneta- 
tipennis,  americensis.  tenui- 
cornis). 

siil'sericea,   Formica    27 

Sycophila    (see    incerta). 
Sysphincta  (see  pergandei). 
Tapinoma   (see  sessile). 
tenuicornis*,   Stomatoceras...    i-'7 
Tctramorium  ( see  caespitum). 

til'ialis,  Xiphydria  no 

Trachymyrmex  (see  septen- 
trionalis). 

traetae,  .  Iphacnogastcr  21 

Tyjies  of  bembicine  wasps. ...     59 

lysoni,  I'lieidole   22 

unipunctatipennis*J  Stonnito- 
ceras  I-'/ 


416 


INDEX 


utaliensis,    Closterocerus 131 

vagabundus*,  Panurginus 169 

•vinelandica,  Phcidole    22 

U'alshii,  Xiphydria    no 

Wasps,   Bembicine    59 

-n'liitticri*,  Ccrchysius   66 

Wood-wasps  (see  Xiphydria). 
Xiphydria,  Notes  and  descrip- 
tions of    105 

Zaodontomcrus*    92 

Zaperdita* 91 

LEPIDOPTERA 
Abnormal   forms  of  Saturnii- 
dae   (ill.)    161 

Additions  to  New  Jersey  list..   309 
Agrias    from     Guatemala,    A 

new    387 

ttngularis*,  Dicranoctctes 251 

angulifera,  Callosamia    369 

antiacis,   Lycaena    392 

apachcana*,  Argynnis   67 

Argynnis  apacheana  n.n 67 

(see  also  nokomis). 

aurantiaca,  Copaeodes   151 

battoides,  Lycaena    99 

bcniardino,  Lycaena  battoides 

(ill.)    ." 100 

bistrigulclla*.  Opostcga   245 

brcnda,  Cocnonyinpha    231 

Bucculatri.v   (see  ccanothiclla, 

latclla,  quadrigemina,  cnpa- 

toriclla,  insolita,  pcrtcnuis). 

btirnsi,  Hcnrilcuca    252 

Butterfly  occurrences  at  Bee- 

ville,  Texas  149 

caenothiclla*,   Bucculatri.r. . . .  246 
Callosamia    angulifera,    Gyn- 

andromorph  of   369 

(see  also  promcthca). 

Candida,  Copamdrs    150 

cccropia,  Sainia    ( ill.  ) i(>i 

centralis,     Lvcacua     batloides 

(ill.)    100 


Cocoon,  Moonstones  in  C'ecro- 

Coenonympha   brcnda    

Collecting  notes  from  Cali- 
fornia   

Color  for  clothing  suggested 
by  butterfly  

Copaeodes,  Some  species  of.. 

crncca*,   E.regetia    

cynthia,  Philosatnia    

Dicranoctctes*     

Enoptes-group  of  Lycaena 
(ill.)  " 

eupatoriella*,    Bucculatri.r.  .  . . 

E.regetia*    

glaucon,  Lycaena    (ill.) 

Gracilaria  sachrysa  in  Xew 
Jersey  

Guerin's  Iconographie  du 
Regne  Animal,  Dates  of 
issue  of  

Gynandromorph  of  Callosa- 
mia a.igulifcra  

Hcmilcuca  burnsi,  its  specific 
validity  and  habitat 

Iconographie  du  Regne  Ani- 
mal, Guerin's  

indra,  Papilio    

insolita*,  Bucculatri.r   

Jugate  type,  Micropterygidae 
not  of  

latclla*,  Bucculatri.r    

Lycaena  antiacis  and  .rer.res, 
Early  appearance  of 

Lycaena,   cnoptes-group    (ill.) 

Lyonetiidae,  New  genera  and 
species  

Mclitaca   (see  strcckeri). 

Micropterygidae  not  of  the 
jugate  type  (ill.) 

niinilna,  Copaeodes   

Moonstones  in  a  Cecropia  co- 
coon 


15 
231 

353 

34 
150 
250 
161 
250 

99 
247 
249 
100 

114 


378 
369 
252 

378 
354 
248 

90 
246 

392 
99 

245 


90 

150 

15 


INDEX 


417 


Moths  lively  after  a  low  tem- 
perature      149 

nokomis,  Aryyinris    67 

Opostcya   (see  bistrujnlclla). 

f'apilio  indra,  Notes  on 354 

pcrlcnnis*.  Bucculatri.v   249 

Philosamia  (see  cyntliia). 

procris,  Copacodcs  . . 150 

proincthca,  Callosamia    161 

quadrigemina*,  Buccitlatri.v. . .  247 

rayata,   Copacodcs    150 

Review  of  reviews 187 

rodriguezi*,  Agrias   388 

Satnia  (see  cecropia). 
Saturniidae,    Variations    and  ab- 
normal forms  of   (ill.) 161 

Selcnis  sucroides    44 

sonorcnsis.  Lycacna    (ill.)....  102 

s/rcclccri.    .}fclitaca    phaeton..  369 

siicrnidcs,  Selcnis   44 

Temperature,      Moths      lively 

after   low    149 

Variations       and        abnormal 

forms  of   Saturniidae    (ill  )  161 

Tv'flf 0,  Copacodcs  150 

.\-c;:vcs,  Lycacna    392 

zachrysa,  Cracilaria   114 

ODONATA 

Argiallagma  munition  in  Flo- 
rida    271 

Damselfly  in  southern  Florida, 

Occurrence  of    271 

Feeding  on  a  live  snake,  Larva  335 
(.itniiplnts       spicatiis.       Labial 
characters  in  the  nymph  of 

(ill.)    68 

Labial  characters  in  the  nymph 
of  Goinphus  spicatiis,  Vari- 
ation in  ( ill.) (>tf 

Larva  feeding  on  a  live  snake  335 

miiiHlinn.    .Iri/iallat/ina 271 

Xorth  Carolina  Odonata,  Rec- 
ords Of  22J 


Nymph  of   Gomphits  sp 

Labial  characters  in  the  (ill.)  68 
Records  of  North  Carolina 

Odonata  from  1908  to  1917  jj/ 
spicatiis.  Goiiiplnts  ..........  68 


ORTHOPTERA 

.  Inisomorpha  buprcstoidcs, 
Vaporous  discharge  by  ..... 

annnlata,   Labia    ............. 

nptcnts*,    Carotctti.r    (ill.)... 

curicoma,  Baryycra.v   ........ 

Barynerax  (see  aitricoina. 
breviforceps). 

blatchleyi,  Manomcra    ....... 

borcalis,   Nomotcttix    ........ 

brciiforccps,   Bary/cra.v    ..... 

huprcstoidcs,  Anisomorpha.  .  . 

Caudate  phase  of  Xcotctti.r 
prnarus  (ill.)  ............. 

Camlctti.v*    ................. 

Correction  concerning  Labia.. 

Cylindrogastcr  (see  Sparatta). 

Dermaptera,    Generic    assign- 
ment of  three  North  Amer- 
ican species  ............... 

omcra  rclici,  and  Ma- 
iionicra  blatchleyi,  Regard- 


388 

66 

345 

5 


346 

5 

388 

347 

343 
66 


ng 


diplatyoides,  Sparatta  ........ 

dorsalis,   Labia    .............. 

eurynotus*,  Ncmobiiis    (ill.).. 
Generic    assignment    of    three 

species  of  Dermaptera  ..... 
Labia  (see  ainiulata.  dorsalis). 

(see  also  Barygerax). 
I.ong-winged  phase  of  \cotct- 

ti.v   pnmi'us    (ill.)  .......... 

Xcmnbins      from      California 

(ill.)     ..................... 

(see  also  eurynotus). 
Xc<>tctti.\-       pr<>a;'ns.       Long- 

winged  or  caudate  phase  of 

(ill.)    ..................... 


258 

<> 

66 


347 


102 


347 


418 


INDEX 


\T<»iiotettix  borcalis,  Note  on  343 

344 
347 


*,  Cavotettix  (ill.)  . 
proaz'us,  Ncotetti.v    (ill.) 
Sparatta   (see  diplatyoidcs). 


Tettigids,  New  genus  and 
species  of  (ill.)  343 

Vaporous  discharge  by  Auis- 
omorpha  buprestoides 388 

z'elici,  Diaphcrouicra   258 


EXCHANOKS. 

This  column  is  intended  only  for  wants  and  exchanges,  not  for 
advertisements  of  goods  for  sale.     Notices  not  exceed- 
ing three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow  ;  the  new 
ones  are  added  at  the  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top 
(being  longest  in)  are  discontinued. 


Lepidoptera — I     have     for    exchange    first    class     specimens    of 

Wanted  in  series  for  cash  or  exchange  beetles  of  the  genus 
S erica  (Scarabaeidae)  from  all  parts  of  North  America.  Cicindcla 
lincolniana  Casey  among  the  exchanges  offered.  R.  W.  Dawson,  De- 
partment of  Entomology,  University  Farm.  Lincoln,  Nebraska. 

Wanted  for  Cash — Lowest  insects  of  all  families,  preserved  in 
fluid,  for  phylogenetic  study.  G.  C.  Crampton,  Amherst,  Mass. 

Wanted — South  American  and  Indian  macrolepidoptera  in  ex- 
change for  Australian  specimens  in  any  order.  (Rev.)  H.  S. 
Bodley,  The  Vicarage,  Birchip,  Victoria,  Australia. 

Wanted — A  series  of  volumes  of  the  Candian  Entomologist  in- 
cluding vols.  29,  30  and  31;  also  Ontario  Entomological  Society  Re- 
ports, Nos.  2,  3,  4,  8  and  9.  State  condition  and  price  wanted".  M. 
H.  Ruhmann,  Vernon,  British  Columbia. 

For  Exchange — Have  rare  western  Lepidoptera  which  I  will  ex- 
change for  butterflies,  (North  American  preferred.)  Send  lists 
of  your  offerta. — Dr.  John  Comstock,  321  South  Hill  St.,  Los  An- 
geles, C'al. 

Wanted — Canadian  Entomologist.  Part  xx  of  H.  F.  Wickham's 
Coleoptera  of  Canada  or  complete  number  of  Can.  Ent.,  xxix,  Feb., 
1897,  containing  same.  Also  Farmers'  Bulletins  189  and  191.  Geo. 
M.  Greene,  25:54  W.  Columbia  Ave.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Catocalae — For  exchange ;  perfect  specimens  of  Faustina  var.  r//- 
lah.  siinilis,  f/racilis.  Desire  other  Catocalae. — Ernest  Baylis,  5011 
Saul  Street,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Incisalia  polios  for  Exchange — Want  /.  inis,  anf/itstus,  niph^n,  T. 
damon  and  Thccla  from  South  and  West.  Also  have  L.  pontiac  to 
exchange  for  "Skippers."  H.  M.  Bower,  702  First  National  Bank 
Bldg.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Wanted  to  Exchange — T  wish  to  exchange  Actias  luna  cocoons 
for  Lepidoptera.  Carl  Selinger,  4419  Dover  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

Will  pay  cash  for  Pars  39  and  5:2:  Coleopterorum  Catalogus,  of 
Junk.  Tos.  O.  Beaulne,  3653  Notre  Dame  Fast.  Montreal.  Canada. 

Wanted — Living  and  preserved  material  of  Tabanid  and  other 
dipterous  larvae  and  pupae.  Tabanid  larvae  obtained  by  sifting  soil 
at  edge  of  ponds  and  streams.  Packing  in  wet  material,  not 
water,  each  larva  separate,  in  glass  vials  or  tins.  To  preserve 
use  boiling  water,  then  alcohol.  Exchange:  Insects  of  all  orders, 
or  casli.  Werner  Marchand,  10  Dickinson  St.,  Princeton,  N.  J. 

Live  Pupae  of  Sph.  chersis,  drupiferarum,  luscitiosa,  eremitus. 
Phil,  achemon,  Deid.  inscripta,  Paon.  excaecatus,  nivops,  Kac. 
imperialis.  Cres.  juglandis  and  others  for  exchange.  Wanted— 
N.  A.  and  Exotic  Lepidoptera.  Will  pay  cash  for  N.  A.  Catocalas. 
Herman  T.  F.rb.  9:25  Hatch  Ave.,  Woodhaven,  Lg.  I  si.,  New  York. 

Wanted  for  Cash  or  Exchange — Exotic  Lycaenidae  and  some 
species  from  the  \3 .  S.  Send  me  your  offerta  and  lowest  cash  price. 
Paul  N.  Mus</rave.  130  Oak  Street,  Clarksburg.  \Y.  Va. 

Wanted — Syrphidae.  Bombylidae  and  Coccincllidae  from  all 
parts  of  the  world  in  exchange;  also  Florida  insects  for  those 
from  other  regions.  P.  W.  Fattig,  Box  315,  Gainesville,  Fla. 


COLEOPTERA    ILLUSTRATA 

CARABIDAE  Vol.  I,  No.  4  CARABIDAE 

PRICE  $1.00          CONTENTS         PRICE  $1.00 


Omophron  Anchomenus  Pterostichus 

limbatus  Fabr.  assimilis  Payk.                           lacunosus  Cfiamt. 

Notiophilus  cyaneus  Dej.                              reiserii  Gangl. 

biguttatus  Fabr.  Agonum                                           validiusculus  Cfiaud. 

Dyschirius  sexpunctatum  Linn.                 caucasicus  Men. 

nitidus  Dej.  marginatum  Linn.                   bicolor  Arag. 

salinus  Scfiaum.  mullerii  Hrbst.                           cribratus  Dej. 

globosus  Hrbst.  scitulum  Dej.                             variolatus  Dej. 

Laemostenus  Clibanarius                                      fossulatus  Quens. 

complanatus  Dej.  dorsalis  Pontopp.  Abax 

Sphodrus  Pterostichus                                    passerinii  Dej. 

leucophthalmus  Linn,     nimbatus  Moraw.  Pseudopercus 

juvencus  Ball.  eurymorpha  Tsch.                    politus  Dej. 

Calathus  depressidorsis  Rttr.  Molops 

caucasicus  Chaud.  findelii  Dej.                                elatus  Fabr. 

fuscipes  Goeze .  zieglerii  Duff.                             piceus 

erratus  Sahl.  metallicus  Fabr.  Tanythrix 

Dolichus  panzerii  Panz.                            senilis  Scfiaum. 

halensis  Schall.  fasciatopunctatus  Creutz.    Corsyra 

halensis  Schall.  justusii  Redt.                             fusula  Fisch. 

v.  rufithorax  dufourii  Dej.  Masoreus 

Platynus  ambiguus  Fairm.                      aegyptiacus  Fej . 

scrobiculatus  Fabr.  rhilensis  Rttbg.  Lebia 

swaneticus  Rttr.  chlorocephala  Hoffm. 


With  Index  of  Volume  1  Complete. 


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One  to  a  Page,  8vo. 


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136  Joralemoii  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A. 

SOLD  : 

I  have  sold  my   1918  stock  of  Catocala  ovae  to  Mr.  T.  D. 
May  field,  50  Columbia  Street,  Newark,  New  Jersey. 

TOM  SPAULDING, 

R.  F.  D.  No.  I.  Box  274,  Provo,  Utah. 


Entomological  Books 


Catalogue    No.    6 


To  be  issued  early  in  January;  will  contain  numerous  attrac- 
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List  of  Colcoptera  of  North  America 

By  CHARLES  W.   LENG 

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PAID  SUBSCRIPTIONS  ARE  OBTAINED  BEFORE  FEBRUARY   1st 


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The  Celebrated  Original  Dust  and  Pest-Proof 

METAL  CABINETS 

FOR  SCHMITT  BOXES 

These  cabinets  have  a  specially  constructed  groove  or  trough  around  the  front, 
lined  with  a  material  of  our  own  design,  which  is  adjustable  to  the  pressure  of  the  front 
cover.  The  cover,  when  in  place,  is  made  fast  by  spring  wire  locks  or  clasps,  causing  a 
constant  pressure  on  the  lining  in  the  groove.  The  cabinet,  in  addition  to  being  abso- 
lutely dust,  moth  and  dermestes  proof,  is  impervious  to  fire,  smoke,  water  and  atmos- 
pheric changes.  Obviously,  these  cabinets  are  far  superior  to  any  constructed  01  non- 
metallic  material. 

The  interior  is  made  of  metal,  with  upright  partition  in  center.  On  the  sides 
are  metal  supports  to  hold  28  boxes.  The  regular  size  is  42i  in.  high,  13  in.  deep,  181 
in.  wide,  inside  dimensions;  usually  enameled  green  outside.  For  details  of  Dr.  Skin- 
ner's construction  of  this  cabinet,  see  Entomological  New?,  Vol.  XV,  page  177. 

METAL  INSECT  BOX  has  all  the  essential  merits  of  the  cabinet,  having  a 
groove,  clasps,  etc.  Bottom  inside  lined  with  cork;  the  outside  enameled  any  color 
desired.  The  regular  dimensions,  outside,  are  9x  13x2i  in.  deep,  but  can  be  furnished 
any  size. 

WOOD  INSECT  BOX.— We  do  not  assert  that  this  wooden  box  has  all  the  quali- 
ties of  the  metal  box,  especially  in  regard  to  safety  from  smoke,  fire,  water  and  damp- 
ness, but  the  chemically  prepared  material  fastened  to  the  under  edge  of  the  lid  makes 
a  box,  we  think,  superior  to  any  other  wood  insect  box.  The  bottom  is  cork  lined. 
Outside  varnished.  For  catalogue  and  prices  inquire  of 

BROCK  BROS.,  Harvard  Square,  Cambridge,  Mass. 


RECENT   LITERATURE 

FOR   SALE    BY 

THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 

1900   RACE  ST.,  PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

GENERAL   SUBJECTS. 

2101.— Williston   (S.  W.).— Portrait  of  S.  W.  Williston    (Ent. 

News,   29,  pi.,  xviii,   1918)    10 

ARACHNIDA. 

2103. — Faust  (E.  C.). — A  new  tyroglyp"hid  for  western  Mon- 
tana. (Ent.  News,  29,  336-340,  1  pi.,  1918)  1.-. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

:2H>:2. — Beutenmuller  (W.). — Notes  on  Cynipidae,  with  descrip- 
tion of  a  new  species.  (Ent.  News,  29,  327-330,  1918)  .10 

ODONATA. 

784. — Whedon  (A.  D.). — The  comparative  morphology  and 
possible  adaptation  of  the  abdomen  in  the  Odonata. 
(Trans.  44,  374-437,  9  pis.,  1918)  l.-.'o 

ORTHOPTERA. 
783. — Rehn   (J.   A.   G.). — Descriptions   of  one    new  genus   and 

fifteen  new  species  of  tropical  American   Orthoptera. 

(Trans.,  44,  321-372,  2  pis.,   1918)    85 

2104. — Hancock   (J.  L.). — A  new  genus  and  two  new  species 

of  tettigids,  with  a  note  on  Nomotettix  borealis.  (Ent. 

News,  29,  343-347,   1   pi.,   191S)    1.-, 

2105. — Fox  (H.). — On  a  long-winged  or  caudate  phase  of  X. 

tettix  proavus.      (Ent.    News,   29,  34?-:;  in    ull.t,    1918),     .ID 

When  Writing  Please   Mention  "  Kntowologifal   Newt." 


NEW    ARRIVALS 


From  Columbia,  So.  America : 

OVER    10,000    BUTTERFLIES,    INCLUDING 

Morpho  cypris  Morpho  amathonte 

stilkowskyi  Caligo  spp. 

From  Cuba  : 

1500    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 


Papilio  columbus 
andraemon 
celadon 
devilliersi 


u 
u 


u 


From  Venezuela  : 

Over  5000  Lepidoptera 

200  Dynastes  hercules 


Urania  boisduvali 
Erinyis  guttalaris 
Protoparce  brontes,  etc. 

From  New  Guinea  : 

2000  Coleoptera 
200  Orthoptera 


From  Assam,  India : 

1200    BUTTERFLIES    AND    MOTHS,    INCLUDING 

Papilio  arcturus  Kallima  inachis 

"       philoxenus  Brahmaea  wallachi 

And    Many   Other   Showy   Species 

From  Tibet  (Bhutan) 

Armandia  lidderdalii  Parnassius  hardwicki 


CATALOGUES    OF 

ENTOMOLOGICAL    SUPPLIES    AND    SPECIMENS 
ON    APPLICATION 


If  interested  kindly  send  your  list  of  desiderata  for  further  information  to 

THE  KNY-SCHEERER  CORPORATION 

Department  of  Natural  Science  New  York 


G.  Lagai,  Ph.D. 


404-410  W.  27th  Stree 


90 


SMITHSONIAN  INSTITUTION  LIBRARIES 


3  9088  00844  5314