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For  God  and  Country 


THE    EPIC    STORY    OF    THE    HEROIC    MUHLENBERG    FAMILY 


(Muhlenberg  Qollege 


MAY   TWENTY. FOURTH   TO   JUNE   FIRST 


1942 


\ 


t 


"Published  by  the 

MVHLENBERG  BICENTENNIAL  CELEBRATION,   InC. 

MuhLenberg  College,  Allentown,  Pennsylvania 

May  23)  1942 

Gordon  B.  Foster,  Editor 


V 


•    ^?^     • 


Foreword 


FOR  two  hundred  years  the  name  Muhlen- 
berg has  been  one  of  the  most  honored  in 
America. 
Through  two  centuries,  generation  after  genera- 
tion of  descendants  of  Henry  Melchior  Muhlen- 
berg faithfully  have  served  their  Church  and  their 
Nation  as  preachers  and  pastors,  as  statesmen  and 
diplomats  and  soldiers,  as  doctors  and  teachers 
and  lawyers.  Their  zeal  and  devotion  to  the  ideals 
that  prompted  the  founding  of  this  Country  have 
done  much  to  estabhsh  and  preserve  the  heritages 
of  freedom  and  liberty  that  today  belong  to  all 
Americans. 

The  Muhlenbergs  have  been  to  Pennsylvania 
what  the  Adams  and  Winslow  families  have  been 
to  New  England,  the  Jeffersons  and  Monroes  to 
Virginia. 

There  is  no  guage  and  no  yardstick  that  can 
measure  adequately  their  influence  through  the 
years.  But  this  much  is  certain :  They  firmly  estab- 
lished on  American  soil  a  Church  in  which  millions 
have  found  the  spiritual  comfort  of  religion  and 
have  been  stalwarts  of  that  and  other  churches; 
they  fought  heroically  in  all  of  America's  wars 
and  helped  establish  and  defend  the  Constitution; 
they  have  made  marked  contributions  to  science 
and  have  founded  and  directed  schools  and  col- 
leges as  teachers  and  administrators;  they  have 
served  in  the  legislative  halls  of  their  State  and 
their  Nation  and  have  held  important  executive 
positions;  they  have  built  homes  and  reared  fam- 
ilies and  have  remained  rooted  to  the  American 
traditions  they  helped  to  mold. 

This  College,  named  for  the  Muhlenbergs,  has 
continued  true  to  their  ideals  as  it  has  gone  about 
its  task  of  preparing  men  for  the  type  of  service 
the  Muhlenbergs  have  given. 

This  year,  two  centuries  after  the  progenitor 
of  that  family  came  to  America  to  begin  his  work, 
the   Lutheran    Church    honors   Henry    Melchior 


Muhlenberg.  This  week  the  Nation  joins  the 
Church  and  the  College  in  a  tribute  to  the  patri- 
arch and  his  three  distinguished  sons:  Major 
General  John  Peter  Gabriel  Muhlenberg,  one  of 
Washington's  most  trusted  officers  in  the  War  for 
Independence;  Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhl- 
enberg, first  Speaker  of  the  United  States  House 
of  Representatives;  and  Gotthilf  Henry  Ernst 
Muhlenberg,  pioneer  American  botanist.  The  sons, 
like  their  father,  were  Christian  ministers. 

The  Bicentennial  of  the  Muhlenberg  family  will 
reflect  on  the  lives  of  others  whose  accomplish- 
ments through  the  years  have  guided  this  Nation 
along  the  path  to  power  and  greatness.  It  will 
point  to  the  contributions  of  those  who  now  are 
fighting  on  home  and  battle  fronts  to  preserve 
the  Ideals  and  the  heritages  given  to  America  by 
the  Muhlenbergs  and  their  fellow  patriots. 

Events  of  the  week  are  predicated  upon  the 
past  and  again  call  to  mind  some  of  the  great 
moments  of  American  history.  But  they  are  more 
than  a  review.  They  are  a  challenge  to  those  who 
follow  the  Muhlenbergs  now  and  in  generations 
to  come  to  continue  the  fight  for  liberty,  for  faith, 
for  freedom,  for  justice,  and  for  truth.  They  pro- 
vide an  additional  Incentive,  if  one  be  needed,  to 
give  the  last  ounce  of  devotion  to  preserve  the 
right  to  worship  God  according  to  the  dictates 
of  one's  own  heart,  the  right  to  assemble  and  to 
speak  freely,  the  right  to  enjoy  liberties  so  long  as 
they  do  not  infringe  upon  the  same  rights  of 
others. 

They  remind  Muhlenberg  College  again  of  its 
duty  to  train  men,  who,  like  the  Muhlenbergs,  will 
be  qualified  and  prepared  to  lead  future  Ameri- 
cans to  the  great  victories  for  Church,  NatlonTand 
education  that  lie  ahead. 

It  is  in  this  spirit  that  Muhlenberg  College,  on 
its  own  seventy-fifth  anniversary  as  a  College 
named  for  the  Muhlenberg  Family,  presents  the 
Bicentennial.  7 


Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg 


HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG,  Lu- 
theran missionary  who  led  the  development  of 
his  Church  on  American  soil  and  became  the 
progenitor  of  a  mighty  clan  of  men  and  women  who  for 
two  centuries  have  served  their  Country,  bulks  large  in 
the  history  of  the  Church  and  the  Nation. 

The  scales  that  weigh  the  destinies  of  man  defy  his 
understanding.  A  moment  may  determine  the  course  of 
generations  of  human  lives.  It  was  to  such  a  moment  that 
the  hands  of  the  dial  moved  on  the  evening  of  September 
6,  1741,  when  the  man  now  recognized  as  the  patriarch  of 
the  Lutheran  Church  in  America  received  the  call  to  leave 
family  and  friends,  in  a  land  that  then  enjoyed  compara- 
tive comfort,  to  serve  the  leaderless  Lutherans  in  Penn- 
sylvania. 

Other  Lutherans  had  gone  to  America  before  him. 
Others  had  planted  their  churches  in  the  American  col- 
onies. But  to  Muhlenberg  fell  the  task  of  organizing  scat- 
tered Lutherans  along  the  Atlantic  Seaboard,  of  establish- 
ing churches  for  them,  and  of  forming  the  Ministerium  of 
Pennsylvania  and  Adjacent  States,  the  mother  synod  of 
the  United  Lutheran  Church  in  America. 

During  the  forty-five  years  of  his  ministry  in  Pennsyl- 
vania and  the  seaboard  states.  Reverend  Muhlenberg  or- 
ganized new  congregations  as  the  continued  immigration 
led  to  the  establishment  of  new  communities.  In  the  200 
years  since  he  began  his  work  in  1742  several  thousand 
Lutheran  congregations  have  been  organized  across  the 
American  continent,  and  today  the  church  he  nurtured 
on  American  soil  numbers  1,700,000  members  throughout 
the  United  States  and  Canada,  and  some  300,000  others 
in  many  parts  of  the  world.  The  Church  has  continued 
the  missionary  enterprise  that  brought  Muhlenberg  to 
America  and  has  remained  true  to  the  ideals  he  interpreted 
from  the  teachings  of  his  Master. 

Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg  was  born  September  6, 
1711  in  the  town  of  Einbeck,  in  the  electorate  of  Han- 
over, later  absorbed  by  Prussia.  His  father  was  Nicolaus 
Melchior  Muhlenberg,  descendant  of  a  former  baronial 
family,  a  member  of  the  town  council,  and  an  officer  of 
the  Lutheran  Church  in  his  community.  His  mother,  who 
on  the  death  of  Muhlenberg's  father  in  1723  faced  the 
problem  of  raising  a  large  family  on  a  small  estate,  was 
Anna  Maria  Kleinschmidt,  daughter  of  a  retired  military 
officer.  The  heritages  of  those  parents  may  be  traced 
through  the  long  list  of  their  descendants. 

As  a  boy  he  attended  the  schools  of  his  community, 
but  the  death  of  his  father  made  it  necessary  for  him  to 
go  to  work.  Evenings  he  devoted  to  study,  winning  the 
interest  of  the  rector  of  the  local  academv  who  assisted 


him  privately  and  finally  admitted  him,  at  the  age  of 
twenty-one,  to  the  highest  class.  In  1733  he  was  studying 
at  Zellerfeld,  teaching  four  hours  a  day  for  his  support 
and  devoting  the  rest  of  his  time  to  mastering  Latin  classics 
and  the  Greek  New  Testament. 

In  March  1735,  with  the  aid  of  a  stipend  from  Einbeck, 
he  matriculated  in  the  recently  established  university  of 
Goettingen  and  in  the  following  year,  with  two  other  stu- 
dents, rented  a  room  and  opened  a  charity  school.  The 
school  grew  into  an  orphanage  that  continues  to  our  own 
day.  In  1737  he  was  permitted  to  preach  and  catechise 
in  the  university  church. 

The  next  three  years  were  in  preparation  for  a  work 
he  little  dreamed  he  would  be  called  to  do.  He  served  as 
a  teacher  in  the  Halle  institutions ;  picked  up  considerable 
knowledge  of  diseases  and  medicine ;  grounded  himself  in 
theology  and  an  understanding  for  church  organizations 
and  foreign  missions ;  acquired  some  social  graces,  and 
became  skilled  in  conversation  and  argument,  and  talented 
in  music.  There  were  plans  for  sending  him  to  new  mission 
fields  in  India,  but  he  was  ordained  in  Leipzig  and  became 
pastor  of  a  parish  in  Grosshennersdorf,  a  town  in  Saxony. 

It  was  on  his  thirtieth  birthday,  September  6,  1741,  that 
he  visited  Doctor  Gotthilf  Augustus  Francke,  son  of  the 
founder  of  the  Halle  institutions  and  received  a  challeng- 
ing call  to  go  to  Pennsylvania.  He  preached  his  last  sermon 
at  Grosshennersdorf,  journeyed  to  Einbeck  to  say  a  last 
farewell  to  his  aging  mother,  his  brothers  and  his  sisters, 
and  then  went  to  London  to  receive  his  official  call  and 
instructions  from  Reverend  F.  M.  Ziegenhagen,  court 
preacher  at  the  Chapel  of  St.  James.  On  June  13,  1741 
he  boarded  a  packet  bound  for  Charleston,  South  Carolina. 

Reverend  Muhlenberg  arrived  in  Charleston  on  Sep- 
tember 22,  1742  and,  after  visiting  the  Salzburg  Luth- 
eran Colony  in  Ebenezer,  Georgia,  embarked  from  Charles- 
ton for  Philadelphia. 

The  Pennsylvania  city,  when  Muhlenberg  arrived  on 
November  25,  1742,  was  about  the  size  of  his  native 
Einbeck,  a  city  of  about  12,000  persons.  His  call  was  to 
serve  St.  Michael-Zion  Church  in  Philadelphia  and  the 
congregations  at  Hanover  and  Providence,  the  latter 
known  as  the  Trappe.  Arriving  at  Philadelphia  at  eight 
in  the  morning,  before  night  he  had  covered  ten  miles  of 
the  journey  to  New  Hanover  where  he  preached  his  first 
sermon  in  Pennsylvania  on  November  28,  in  an  unfinished 
log  structure.  The  next  day  he  visited  the  Trappe,  then 
returned  to  Philadelphia  where  he  preached  his  first  ser- 
mon on  December  5.  The  first  service  at  Trappe  was  held 
in  a  barn  on  December   11. 

Muhlenberg  early  fitted  himself  into  the  new  world 


Call-Chronicle  Newspapers 


[3 


scene,  and  seemed  to  thrive  in  his  multiple  role  of  pastor, 
itinerant  preacher,  school  master,  organist,  singing  teacher, 
and  physician. 

Although  Muhlenberg's  congregations  lay  thirty-six 
miles  apart,  he  went  from  one  to  the  other  spending  a 
week  at  each  place.  He  held  services  on  Sunday  and  taught 
in  the  parish  schools  during  the  week.  Peter  Brunnholtz 
arrived  in  Philadelphia  to  assist  him  in  January  1745  and 
that  spring  the  charge  was  divided,  Brunnholtz  serving 
the  congregations  in  Philadelphia  and  Germantown,  and 
Muhlenberg  those  at  New  Hanover  and  Trappe,  with 
general  oversight  of  all. 

Relieved  of  some  of  his  many  duties,  Muhlenberg 
spread  his  activities  into  more  distant  fields.  On  his  visits 
to  Tulpehocken,  the  wide  valley  between  Reading  and 
Lebanon,  he  won  for  himself  the  deep  friendship  and 
moral  support  of  Conrad  Weiser,  renowned  diplomat  and 
Indian  agent  and  the  most  influential  German  in  the 
colony.  In  the  Weiser  home  Muhlenberg  sang  the  hymns 
of  Halle  and,  according  to  tradition,  captivated  not  only 
Father  Weiser  but  also  his  daughter  Anna  Maria.  A 
tender  understanding  sprang  up  between  the  two  of  them, 
and,  with  the  blessings  of  Father  Conrad  and  Mother 
Anna  Eva  the  thirty-three  year  old  Muhlenberg  was  mar- 
ried on  April  22,  1745  to  Anna  Maria,  then  not  quite 
eighteen.  The  Muhlenbergs  were  the  parents  of  eleven 
children,  seven  of  whom  grew  to  maturity. 

As  new  churches  were  organized  Muhlenberg's  mind 
and  time  were  taken  up  with  the  ever  increasing  cares  of 
his  office,  extended  correspondence,  and  the  demands  made 
upon  him  from  all  parts  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  the 
colonies.  Almost  until  the  time  of  his  death  on  October 
7,  1787,  he  remained  pastor  of  the  United  Congregations 
that  had  called  him  to  America,  but  he  soon  made  them 
the  nucleus  of  an  organization  that  spread  rapidly  wher- 
ever Lutherans  settled.  Early  in  his  ministry  he  made 
trips  to  the  Raritan  Valley  in  New  Jersey,  to  Frederick, 


Maryland,  and  to  points  throughout  Eastern  Pennsyl- 
vania. Until  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolution  he  continued 
to  visit  Lutheran  congregations  scattered  from  the  Hudson 
River  to  the  Potomac. 

As  new  congregations  were  formed  and  older  ones  allied 
themselves  with  Muhlenberg,  the  need  of  closer  associa- 
tion became  apparent  and  on  August  26,  1748  the  first 
convention  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Ministerium  of 
Pennsylvania  was  held  at  Philadelphia.  He  remained  its 
revered  leader  even  after  the  infirmities  of  age  compelled 
him  to  restrict  his  activities.  In  1779  the  aging  pastor 
formally  resigned  as  rector  of  St.  Michael-Zion  and  two 
years  later  made  his  last  appearance  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Ministerium.  In  1784  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
made  him  a  doctor  of  divinity.  Though  his  mind  was  still 
clear  and  active,  he  was  confined  more  and  more  to  New 
Providence  and  finally  to  his  own  house  where  he  died 
October  7,  1787. 

Even  at  the  time  of  his  death  his  significance  as  the 
virtual  founder  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  America  was 
recognized  on  all  sides.  His  fame  has  grown  with  the 
church  and,  thanks  to  the  remarkably  full  records  of  his 
life,  he  is  still  one  of  the  molding  forces  of  his  denomina- 
tion, one  of  the  most  revered  figures  in  the  Protestant 
Church  in  America. 

As  a  boy  of  twelve  he  had  quietly  dedicated  his  life  to 
the  service  he  gave.  In  one  of  the  old  family  Bibles  is  to 
be  found  a  short  verse  he  wrote  at  about  the  time  he  was 
confirmed : 

"Two  hands,  both  fresh  and  strong,  did  my  Creator  give ; 
They  shall  not  idle  be  as  long  as  I  shall  live ; 
First  I  will  raise  them  up  to  God  to  praise  and  pray, 
And  then  they  may  begin  what  labor  brings  each  day; 
In  truth,  I'll  ne'er  forget  the  Ora, 
And  hand  in  hand  I'll  practice  the  Labora." 

How  well  he  fulfilled  his  plan  for  his  life,  history  has 

recorded. 


Muhlenberg  Preaching  in  a  Barn  at  Trappe 


4] 


C.  A.  Dorney  Furniture  Company 


The  Church  At  Trappe 


SHRINE  of  the  Lutheran  Church 
in  America,  the  beautiful  old 
Augustus  Lutheran  Church  at 
Trappe  stands  as  one  of  the  monuments 
to  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg  and 
the  pioneer  Lutherans  he  served. 

The  beautiful  old  German-rural 
church  near  Norristown  was  the  first 
house  of  worship  erected  on  American 
soil  by  the  Patriarch  Muhlenberg.  Its 
hand-hewn  timber,  its  hand  forged 
nails  and  hinges  and  latches,  represent 
the  work  of  Muhlenberg  and  the  men 
and  women  who  left  their  ploughs  and 
farm  workshops  to  erect  a  building  in 
which  they  might  worship  their  God 
according  to  the  dictates  of  their  own 
hearts. 

The  congregation  at  New  Provi- 
dence, now  known  as  Trappe,  was  in  ex- 
istence before  Henry  Melchior  Muhlen- 
berg set  out  on  his  voyage  to  America 
and  was  one  of  the  three  congregations  that  united  in 
calling  him  to  his  new  fields  of  labor.  A  barn,  private 
homes  and  later  a  school  served  as  meeting  places. 

It  was  on  January  5,  1743,  a  year  after  Muhlenberg's 
arrival,  that  the  congregation  took  the  first  steps  to  erect 
a  church,  a  building  that  was  to  be  fifty-four  "shoes"  long 
and  thirty-nine  wide.  With  happy  determination  members 
of  the  congregation  began  the  work.  Men  donated  labor 
and  materials  and  hauled  the  stones  and  timber  from  the 
nearby  forests  and  fields.  Women  and  children  split  and 
shaved  the  shingles.  On  their  crude  forges  they  fashioned 
the  nails  and  primitive  hardware. 

In  spite  of  the  obstacles  with  which  they  were  con- 
fronted, the  eager  congregation  worked  so  rapidly  that  the 
cornerstone  was  laid  on  May  2,  1743.  The  total  cost  of 
the  building,  including  the  digging  of  a  well  and  the 
purchase  of  a  chain  pump  was  the  equivalent  of  $889.92. 
Approximately  one-third  of  that  amount  was  raised  in 
Europe  by  Dr.  Ziegenhagen.  It  was  named  Augustus  in 
honor  of  Herman  Augustus  Francke,  founder  of  the  Halle 
institutions,  whose  son  persuaded  Muhlenberg  to  accept 
the  call  to  America. 

Only  the  exterior  of  the  building  was  finished  when  the 
first  service  was  held  on  September  12,  1743.  The  dedi- 
cation was  postponed  until  October  6,  1745  when  the 
building  had  been  completed  and  was  paid. 


Augustus  Church  at  Trappe 

The  seating  capacity  of  the  old  stone  church  is  about 
250  on  the  main  floor.  The  gallery  and  choir  loft  can 
accommodate  approximately  195  more  on  the  hand  hewn 
benches.  The  gallery  was  erected  in  1751  to  receive  the 
pipe  organ  that  had  been  purchased  in  Europe. 

Old  Trappe  Church  escaped  modernization  and,  in  its 
rugged  simplicity,  retains  the  distinction  of  being  the 
oldest  unaltered  Lutheran  Church  building  in  the  United 
States.  Only  repairs  that  were  necessary  for  its  preservation 
have  been  made.  The  roof  has  been  reshingled,  new  window 
sash  inserted,  and  the  outside  has  been  dashed  with  mortar 
to  exclude  moisture. 

The  visitor  today  may  see  the  old  collection  bags  hang- 
ing on  the  wall  behind  the  seats  occupied  by  the  officers 
of  the  congregation,  the  lovely  mahogany  pulpit  that  was 
imported  from  Europe,  the  old  white  altar  bearing  the 
date  1795,  the  old  pews.  There  too,  are  the  pews  of  the 
aristocrats  with  their  carved  board  doors  and  elaborate 
hinges. 

For  109  years,  until  the  second  church  was  built  in  1852, 
old  Trappe  Church  was  used  regularly.  There  was  no 
provision  for  heating  the  structure  and  in  the  winter  the 
sexton  covered  the  floor  with  long  straw.  Weak  and  elderly 
people  brought  hot  planks  and  bricks  as  foot  warmers. 

Although  removed  from  the  major  activities  of  the 
armies  of  the  Revolution,  the  old  church  nevertheless 
played  a  significant  part  in  the  struggle  for  freedom.  Here 


H.  Leh  and  Company 


[5 


Major  General  Muhlenberg  received  his  early  education 
and  was  confirmed.  Here  his  father  lived  at  the  time  of 
the  encampment  at  Valley  Forge  and  here  he  frequently 
preached  to  groups  of  soldiers  as  they  were  recruited. 

On  the  march  from  Brandywine  to  Germantown,  part 
of  Washington's  Army  passed  the  old  church.  On  Sep- 
tember 23,  1777  the  regiment  under  General  Armstrong 
encamped  around  it  and  used  the  church  and  school  house 
as  headquarters.  On  October  2  they  started  their  march 
for  Philadelphia  for  the  battle  of  Germantown  two  days 
later.  The  church  was  used  as  a  hospital  and  many 
wounded  soldiers  were  cared  for  within  its  thick  stone 
walls.  On  October  5  General  Washington  rode  to  the 
door  on  his  white  horse  and,  entering  the  church,  spoke 
words  of  cheer  and  comfort  to  his  troops. 

The  congregation  at  Trappe  also  built  the  first  school 
house  in  Providence  Township  in  December  1742,  to  be 
replaced  by  a  new  log  school  in  1750.  Here  the  Charity 
School  was  opened  in  1754  with  Benjamin  Franklin, 
Conrad  Weiser,  Provost  William  Smith,  and  Governor 
James  Hamilton  among  the  trustees. 

Through  the  years  this  old  church  has  stood  as  a  monu- 
ment not  only  to  Muhlenberg  but  to  the  zeal  and  courage 
and  spiritual  fervor  of  the  Pennsylvania  German  pioneers 
who  labored  on  this  new  continent  so  that  they  and  their 
posterity  might  enjoy  the  heritages  that  today  belong  to 
all  Americans. 


Muhlenberg's  Pulpit  at  Trappe 


Interior  of  Old  Trappe  Church    . 


6] 


Lehigh  Spinning  Company — Queen  City  Textiles 


John  Peter  Gabriel  Muhlenberg 


AMERICA,  fighting  today  to  preserve  the  freedoms 
that  have  been  its  cornerstone  for  more  than  175 
^  years,  may  well  take  its  challenge  from  one  of  its 
early  patriots.  Major  General  John  Peter  Gabriel  Muhl- 
enberg, son  of  the  patriarch  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in 
this  country. 

"There  is  a  time  for  all  things,"  the  fighting  Pennsyl- 
vania German  parson  told  his  Woodstock,  Virginia  con- 
gregation on  a  Sunday  in  January  in  1776,  "a  time  to 
preach  and  a  time  to  pray.  But  there  is  also  a  time  to 
fight  and  that  time  has  now  come." 

Pastor  Muhlenberg,  one  of  the  leaders  in  the  struggle 
for  liberty  that  preceded  the  battles  of  the  American  Revo- 
lution, faced  a  crowded  church  that  Sunday  morning.  Clad 
as  usual  in  the  long  black  clerical  gown,  he  repeated — for 
the  last  time — the  liturgy  his  father  had  prepared,  read  the 
first  eight  verses  of  the  third  chapter  of  Ecclesiastes,  then 
preached  the  sermon  that  has  come  down  through  the 
years  as  a  tradition  and  a  challenge. 

He  pronounced  the  benediction,  then  dramatically  cast 
aside  his  clerical  robe  to  stand  before  the  congregation  in 
the  uniform  of  a  colonel  in  the  Eighth  Virginia  Regiment. 
Drums  beat  in  the  churchyard  and  before  the  congregation 
returned  from  Divine  service,  300  men  and  boys  had  en- 
listed in  the  Continental  Army  with  their  pastor  as  their 
colonel.  Recruiting  was  completed  in  March  and  the  men 
from  the  Shenandoah  Valley  marched  away  for  Suffolk. 

Through  the  long  years  of  the  war  that  made  this  Nation 
free,  Muhlenberg  and  his  men  fought  in  the  most  bitter 
campaigns.  Their  colonel  became  a  brigadier  general  and, 
after  the  war,  was  brevetted  a  major  general. 

The  spirit  of  the  man,  the  character  that  prompted  him 
to  leave  his  pulpit  to  fight  for  the  cause  in  which  he  be- 
lieved, is  found  in  his  own  words,  an  answer  to  a  relative 
who  complained  that  he  had  abandoned  the  Church  for 
the  Army: 

"I  am  a  clergyman,  it  is  true,"  Muhlenberg  said,  "but 
I  am  a  member  of  society  as  well  as  the  poorest  layman, 
and  my  liberty  is  as  dear  to  me  as  to  any  man.  Shall  I 
then  sit  still  and  enjoy  myself  at  home  when  the  best 
blood  of  the  continent  is  spilling?  Do  you  think  that  if 
America  is  conquered  I  should  be  safe?  Far  from  it.  And 
would  vou  not  sooner  fight  like  a  man  than  die  like  a 
dog?" 

Not  as  well  known  as  the  famous  quotation  from  his 
Woodstock  sermon,  these  words,  too,  echo  down  through 
the  years  to  a  Nation  that  today  faces  a  new  foe. 

General   Muhlenberg,   eldest  son  of   Henry   Melchior 


Muhlenberg,  was  born  at  the  Trappe,  October  1,  1746. 
Here,  living  in  an  atmosphere  of  freedom,  he  developed 
the  frontier  spirit  bequeathed  to  him  by  his  grandfather, 
Conrad  Weiser. 

Until  1761,  when  the  family  removed  to  Philadelphia 
and  he  entered  the  academy  that  later  became  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania,  he  received  his  training  and  edu- 
cation from  his  parents.  At  the  age  of  seventeen,  in  1763, 
he  was  sent  abroad  to  continue  his  education.  He  was 
apprenticed  to  a  small  grocer  who  failed  to  keep  the  agree- 
ment Peter  had  signed  in  the  belief  that  he  was  to  learn  the 
drug  business.  For  two  years  he  clung  to  the  distasteful 
job,  then,  after  proper  releases  had  been  signed  and  settle- 
ment made,  he  left  and  joined  an  English  Regiment  that 
was  being  recruited  in  the  "free  city"  of  Lubeck.  Peter 
became  secretary  of  the  Regiment  but,  a  short  time  after 
the  troops  came  to  America,  his  release  was  arranged. 

Although  for  a  while  Peter  seemed  to  prefer  a  business 
career,  as  a  dutiful  elder  son  he  began  his  training  for  the 
ministry.  His  teacher.  Dr.  Charles  M.  Wrangel,  provost 
of  the  Swedish  Lutheran  Churches  on  the  Delaware, 
brought  to  him  an  appreciation  for  the  profession  for  which 

General  Muhlenberg 


ZoUinger-Harned  Company 


£7 


he  was  being  trained.  He  soon  became  a  powerful  and 
eloquent  preacher  and  when  he  preached  at  Gloria  Dei 
Church  in  Philadelphia  it  was  noticeable  that  the  attend- 
ance at  St.  Michael's  dropped.  Members  of  that  congrega- 
tion suggested  that  Peter  be  permitted  to  preach  in  their 
church.  He  preached  his  first  sermon  there  on  the  evening 
of  Good  Friday,  1768.  Thereafter  he  was  regularly  em- 
ployed as  assistant  to  his  father,  supplying  pulpits  through- 
out Eastern  Pennsylvania,  including  Montgomery  and 
Lehigh  Counties.  Later  he  served  the  United  Zion  and  St. 
Paul  Churches  in  Hunterdon,  Somerset,  and  Morris 
Counties  in  New  Jersey. 

In  May  1771,  a  few  months  after  his  marriage  to  Anna 
Barbara  Meyer,  daughter  of  a  well-to-do  Philadelphia 
potter,  he  received  a  call  to  serve  the  congregation  in 
Woodstock,  in  the  fertile  Shenandoah  farm  lands  to  which 
Pennsylvanians  had  migrated.  It  was  necessary  however 
that  he  be  ordained  by  the  Church  of  England,  because 
the  law  then  enforced  in  Virginia  sanctioned  no  marriage 
by  a  "dissenting  minister"  and  because  as  a  minister  of  the 
established  church  his  salary  would  be  assured  through 
taxation.  Muhlenberg  sailed  for  London  on  March  2, 
1772  and  on  April  23  was  ordained  by  the  Bishop  of 
London  in  the  King's  Chapel  at  St.  James. 

In  Virginia  Muhlenberg  became  one  of  the  outstanding 
exponents  of  the  patriot  cause  and  was  recognized  not  only 
as  the  spiritual  but  also  as  the  civic  leader  of  the  people  in 
the  Woodstock  region.  He  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Burgesses  in  1774,  associated  with  the  leaders  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary Party,  among  them  Patrick  Henry,  and  was 
made  chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Public  Safety. 

With  the  authorization  for  six  additional  regiments  of 
troops  in  Virginia,  Muhlenberg,  at  the  urging  of  George 
Washington  and  Patrick  Henry,  took  command  of  the 
Eighth  Virginia  Regiment. 

Muhlenberg's  first  campaign  was  in  Georgia,  where  he 
and  his  men  received  the  news  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence, and  in  South  Carolina,  where  he  came  to  the 
relief  of  General  Lee.  On  February  21,  1777  he  was  com- 
missioned Brigadier  General  in  the  Continental  Army  and 
ordered  north  to  Morristown,  New  Jersey.  On  September 
1 1  his  brigade  and  Weedon's  bore  the  brunt  of  the  fighting 
at  Brandywine,  and  on  October  8  he  again  distinguished 
himself  at  Germantown. 

Through  the  war  Muhlenberg  and  his  men  fought 
heroically  in  battle  after  battle.  The  winter  of  1777-78 
he  was  stationed  with  Washington  at  Valley  Forge  and 
in  July  took  command  of  the  second  line  of  the  right  wing 
under  General  Green  at  Monmouth  Court  House.  Later 
in  the  year  he  was  with  Putnam's  Division  on  the  North 
River  and,  while  Putnam  was  detailed  for  other  duties 
during  the  winter,  commanded  the  division.  He  was  in 
winter  quarters  at  Middlebrook,  New  Jersey  in  1778-1779 
and  the  next  summer  supported  General  Anthony  Wayne 
in  the  assault  on  Stony  Point. 

In  December  1779  Washington  sent  Muhlenberg  to 
Virginia  to  take  chief  command  in  that  state.  He  fought 
on  but  heavy  snowfalls  and  impassable  roads  prevented 
him  from  reaching  Richmond  until  March.  Later  Major 
General  von  Steuben  succeeded  to  his  position  and 
Muhlenberg  became  second  in  command.  He  was  engaged 


"There  is  also  a  time  to  fight" 

in  most  of  the  numerous  but  indecisive  actions  at  this 
stage  of  the  war.  When  Cornwallis  was  bottled  up  at 
Yorktown,  Muhlenberg  was  in  charge  of  the  troops  on 
the  south  bank  of  the  James,  and  on  October  14,  1781 
commanded  the  American  brigade  that  stormed  one  of  the 
British  redoubts. 

Muhlenberg's  health  had  been  permanently  impaired  by 
the  war  and  he  was  uneasy  about  his  finances.  Settling  his 
affairs  in  Woodstock,  he  removed  to  Philadelphia  in  1783, 
where  he  was  a  hero  second  only  to  Washington. 

The  soldier  who  had  fought  in  the  battles  for  liberty 
now  worked  at  home  to  make  those  freedoms  secure  and 
to  hand  them  down  to  posterity.  He  was  elected  to  the 
Supreme  Executive  Council  of  Pennsylvania  in  1784  and 
from  1785  to  1788  was  vice-president  of  Pennsylvania 
under  Benjamin  Franklin. 

With  his  brother  Frederick  Augustus,  he  was  elected  a 
representative  at  large  in  the  first  Congress,  and  a  repre- 
sentative from  Montgomery  County  in  the  third  and  sixth 
Congresses.  In  1790  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con- 
stitutional Convention. 

Muhlenberg's  leadership  was  again  recognized  when, 
on  February  18,  1801,  he  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate.  He  resigned  a  month  later  in  order  to  accept  the 
appointment  as  supervisor  of  revenue  for  the  Pennsyl- 
vania District.  From  1802  until  his  death  on  October  1, 
1807  he  served  as  Collector  of  Customs  for  the  Port  of 
Philadelphia. 

In  America's  fight  for  freedom  and  in  the  struggles  to 
lay  a  strong  foundation  for  this  great  Nation,  Major  Gen- 
eral John  Peter  Gabriel  Muhlenberg  set  an  example  for 
posterity  and  earned  the  place  Pennsylvania  and  the  Na- 
tion have  given  in  the  Rotunda  of  the  National  Capitol 
for  the  statue  that  memorializes  his  life. 


8] 


Blossom  Products  Company 


Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhlenberg 


CARVED  deeply  into  the  history  of  a  great  Nation 
is  the  name  of  Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhl- 
enberg, first  Speaker  of  the  United  States  House 
of  Representatives  and  one  of  the  patriots  who  fought 
valiantly  behind  the  battle  lines  as  America  forged  its 
way  to  power  and  greatness. 

A  Lutheran  clergyman,  like  his  father  and  brothers, 
Frederick  Muhlenberg  became  one  of  the  most  imf)ortant 
political  figures  in  Pennsylvania  and  one  of  the  first  states- 
men in  the  Country  he  served  during  the  War  for  Inde- 
pendence and  in  the  years  that  followed.  Less  colorful 
than  his  soldier  brother  Peter,  his  contributions  to  the 
structure  of  American  life  were  nonetheless  important. 

The  third  child  and  the  second  son  of  the  patriarch, 
Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhlenberg  was  born  at 
Trappe,  January  1,  1750  and,  as  he  studied  under  the 
guidance  of  his  father  and  mother,  grasped  something  of 
the  spirit  of  the  new  land  to  which  his  father  had  come  in 
1742.  As  a  boy  of  thirteen  he  was  sent  with  his  brothers 
to  Halle  to  acquire  an  education  that  was  to  fit  him  to 
follow  in  the  footsteps  of  his  father. 

Returning  to  Philadelphia  in  1770  with  his  brother 
Gotthilf  and  their  future  brother-in-law  John  Christopher 
Kunze,  he  was  ordained  into  the  ministry  by  the  Lutheran 
Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania  in  Reading  on  October  25, 
1770  and  thereafter  became  assistant  to  his  brother-in-law, 
Christian  Emmanuel  Schulze.  The  first  few  years  of  his 
ministry  were  spent  in  the  Tulpehocken  region,  preaching 
and  performing  other  ministerial  acts  at  Tulpehocken, 
Schaeferstown,  Lebanon  and  other  points  in  that  region. 

On  October  15,  1771,  just  a  year  after  his  ordination, 
he  was  married  to  Catharine  Schaefer,  daughter  of  a  Phila- 
delphia sugar  refiner,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons  and  four 
daughters. 

His  ministry  in  Pennsylvania  was  of  short  duration,  and 
in  1773  he  was  called  as  the  pastor  of  Christ  Church,  the 
"Old  Swamp  Church,"  at  Frankford  and  William  Streets 
in  New  York  City.  There  are  records  and  traditions  of  his 
eloquent  preaching  and  of  his  leadership  of  the  congrega- 
tion that  once  had  been  a  part  of  his  father's  parish.  Before 
he  left  he  aided  in  building  the  foundation  upon  which  has 
developed  the  Lutheran  Synod  of  New  York. 

It  was  while  engaged  in  this  work  in  New  York  that  he 
began  to  give  voice  to  opinions  which,  when  crystallized 
into  action,  drew  him  into  the  political  arena.  While 
preaching  there  he  was  a  witness  to  the  course  of  events 
which  ripened  into  the  open  revolt  of  the  colonies  against 
the  British  crown.  Frederick  immediately  allied  himself 


with  the  patriot  party  and  was  outspoken  in  support  of  its 
cause,  so  much  so  in  fact,  that  when  Lord  Howe  was  ap- 
proaching the  city  in  1776,  he  vowed  that  he  would  appre- 
hend the  man  to  whom  he  referred  as  "that  rebel  minister." 

There  is  a  record,  however,  that  in  1775  he  wrote  to  his 
brother  Peter  rebuking  him  for  mixing  revolutionary  and 
martial  activities  with  the  ministry.  It  is  not  clear  whether 
it  vyas  to  his  brother  or  to  some  other  critic  that  Peter  re- 
plied in  defining  his  attitude. 

As  a  precautionary  measure,  Frederick  sent  his  w^ife  and 
two  children  to  Philadelphia  in  February,  1776  and  in 
June,  when  Howe's  fleet  appearing  in  the  offing,  he  fol- 
lowed them.  A  month  later  he  removed  to  Trappe  with 
his  family  and  relieved  his  father  of  the  charge  at  New 
Hanover.  He  also  preached  regularly  at  Oley  Hills  and 
New  Goshenhoppen  and  occasionally  in  Reading. 

Philadelphia  was  the  center  of  his  activities  for  some 
time  and  there,  as  in  New  York,  he  was  an  outstanding 
supporter  of  the  patriot  cause.  The  turning  point  of  his  life 
was  his  election  in  March,  1779  to  fill  the  unexpired  term 
of  Edward  Biddle  in  the  Continental  Congress.  He  had 
been  an  honest,  faithful  and  laborious  clergyman,  but  his 

Speaker  Muhlenberg 


Wetherhold  and  Metzger 


[9 


choice  of  that  profession  had  been  dictated  by  circum- 
stances rather  than  by  his  own  volition  and  to  the  political 
career  now  opening  ahead  of  him  he  turned  with  renewed 
hope  and  energy.  His  decision  to  enter  politics  at  that  time 
must  have  been  made  after  considerable  inward  searching 
of  mind  and  spirit.  His  father  was  opf>osed  to  the  step,  and 
he,  himself,  having  been  trained  in  the  ministry,  must  have 
realized  the  gravity  of  the  move  he  was  making. 

Since  politics  and  preaching  are  not  ordinarily  associated 
in  the  compounding  of  a  career,  it  resolved  itself  in  Fred- 
erick's case  to  a  choice  of  one  or  the  other.  Since  the  lure 
of  statecraft  proved  to  be  so  great,  it  was,  perhaps,  a  happy 
choice  he  made,  for  the  exigencies  of  the  times  required 
statesmen  who  were  moved  by  principles  ingrained  in  those 
who,  like  Frederick  Muhlenberg,  had  been  trained  in  the 
ethics  of  the  Christian  religion. 

His  term  as  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress  ex- 
tended from  March  2,  1779  to  October  28,  1780  when  he 
became  ineligible  for  three  years.  The  years  of  his  service 
covered  a  critical  period  in  the  fortunes  of  the  American 
arms.  Particularly  baffling  was  the  problem  of  supplying 
the  Army  with  sufficient  food.  Congress  had  exhausted  its 
repertoire  of  ideas  and  had  turned  the  responsibility  over 
to  the  states.  These  entities  were  so  slow  in  meeting  their 
obligations  that  it  appeared,  for  a  while,  as  if  the  Army 
must  disband  or  starve. 

Pennsylvania,  as  the  state  best  able  to  come  to  the  rescue 
because  of  its  thriving  agricultural  industry,  was  implored 
by  Congress  to  do  something  quickly.  Frederick  Muhlen- 
berg, as  a  member  of  the  Congressional  committee  estab- 
lished to  cooperate  with  the  state  authorities  in  this  emer- 
gency, did  yeoman  work  in  effecting  a  program  of  relief. 
Other  duties  as  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress 
also  claimed  his  attention.  Membership  on  the  Treasury 
and  Hospital  committees  plunged  him  directly  into  the 
whirl  of  events.  His  influence  as  a  delegate  from  the  im- 
portant state  of  Pennsylvania  made  him  a  welcome  cog  in 
the  congressional  machine. 

Frederick's  subsequent  career  in  politics  unfolded  with 
great  rapidity.  At  the  completion  of  his  term  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  he  was  called  to  the  Pennsylvania  General 
Assembly.  Three  of  the  four  years  which  marked  his  con- 
nection with  that  body  he  served  as  Speaker  of  the  lower 
house.  This  was  a  particularly  fortunate  experience,  for  it 
prepared  him  for  the  successful  stewardship  of  a  similar 
office  in  the  first  National  Congress  organized  after  the 
adoption  of  the  present  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 
He  was  president  of  the  Council  of  Censors,  1783-1784, 
and  one  of  the  party  striving  for  a  revision  of  the  state 
constitution. 

On  March  9,  1784  he  was  commissioned  justice  of  the 
peace  and,  on  the  organization  of  Montgomery  County  in 
autumn  of  the  same  year,  was  made  register  of  wills  and 
recorder  of  deeds.  He  wrote  occasionally  for  the  press  and 
his  private  letters  are  enlivened  with  racy  comments  on 
the  politics  and  politicians  of  the  day. 

Before  entering  upon  his  duties  under  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  States,  he  helped  secure  its  adoption.  Dela- 
ware was  the  first  state  to  ratify  the  new  instrument  of 
government  after  its  submission  to  the  states  in  the  fall  of 
1787.  But  Delaware  was  a  small  state  and  presumably  had 


gained  much  at  the  expense  of  the  larger  states  as  a  result 
of  the  compromises  that  marked  the  drafting  of  the  docu- 
ment. Pennsylvania,  the  first  large  state  to  ratify,  started 
a  movement  that  brought  others  quickly  into  the  fold. 
Frederick  Muhlenberg,  a  Federalist  and  therefore  inter- 
ested in  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  presided  at  the 
convention  called  in  Philadelphia  in  1787,  to  adopt  the 
Constitution. 

Financial  necessity  compelled  him  to  engage  in  business 
and  he  became  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Muhlenberg  and 
Wegmann,  importers,  and  Muhlenberg  and  Lawersweiler, 
sugar  refiners.  He  owned  a  house  and  fifty  acres  of  land 
at  Trappe,  with  which  a  store  of  some  kind  was  connected. 

When  Congress  assembled  in  New  York  in  1778,  Muhl- 
enberg came  to  it  with  the  reputation  of  an  experienced, 
urbane,  impartial  presiding  officer  and  was  elected  Speaker. 
It  is  considered  probable  that  the  choice  was  brought  about 
by  Muhlenberg's  experience  in  the  Pennsylvania  Assembly, 
by  his  record  as  a  leader  of  the  patriot  cause,  and  his  work 
on  behalf  of  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  and,  by  the 
fact  that  since  the  President  came  from  the  South  and  the 
Vice-president  from  New  England,  it  was  desirable  to  elect 
the  Speaker  from  the  powerful  middle  states.  He  was  re- 
elected to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses. 
What  induced  his  defeat  as  Speaker  in  the  Second  Congress 
by  Jonathon  Trumbull,  son  of  the  Revolutionary  Whig 
Governor  of  Connecticut,  is  not  as  yet  altogether  clear, 
although  it  is  a  fact  that  his  Federalism  had  been  growing 
lukewarm.  Republican  votes  helped  reelect  him  as  Speaker 
when  the  Third  Congress  was  organized  and  he  held  the 
office  for  all  but  two  of  his  eight  years  in  Congress. 

As  Speaker  of  the  House,  Frederick  Muhlenberg  was  in 
the  very  thick  of  the  affairs  of  the  Washington  administra- 
tion. Since  this  was  a  period  of  precedent-making,  he,  by 
his  decisions,  helped  to  establish  the  customs  which  since 
that  time  guided  our  National  legislators.  In  1796,  as 
chairman  of  the  House  acting  as  a  committee  of  the  whole, 
he  cast  the  deciding  vote  to  refer  again  to  the  House  the 
bill  appropriating  money  for  the  ratification  of  Jay's 
Treaty.  It  was  a  courageous  and  statesmanlike  act,  but  it 
cost  him  his  jwpularity  in  Pennsylvania. 

As  the  Federalist  candidate  for  Governor  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, he  was  badly  beaten  by  Thomas  McKean  in  1793 
and  overwhelmingly  in  1796. 

With  the  passing  of  the  years,  he  appears  to  have  veered 
away  from  Hamiltonian  Federalism  toward  Jeffersonian 
Democracy.  In  the  election  of  1800,  when  the  Federalists 
for  the  first  time  lost  control  of  the  National  Government, 
John  Adams  attributed  it  partly  to  the  activities  of  Fred- 
erick Muhlenberg  and  his  brother  Peter.  The  vote  of  Penn- 
sylvania was  close  and  Adams  believed  its  defection  from 
the  Federalist  ranks  was  due  to  these  two  men. 

Out  of  National  politics,  he  returned  to  Pennsylvania 
where  Governor  Thomas  Mifflin  appointed  him  receiver- 
general  of  the  Pennsylvania  land  office.  He  died  in  Lan- 
caster in  1801. 

A  stalwart  leader  who  had  the  courage  to  stand  by  his 
convictions,  Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhlenberg 
brought  a  high  standard  of  Christian  ethics  into  American 
Government  as  the  foundations  for  this  Nature's  future 
were  established. 


10] 


H.  Ray  Haas  and  Company 


Gotthilf  Heinrich  Ernst  Muhlenberg 


IN  the  world  of  science  the  name  of  Muhlenberg  is 
best  known  as  that  of  an  early  American  botanist, 
Gotthilf  Heinrich  Ernst  Muhlenberg,  third  son  of 
the  patriarch  and  like  his  father  and  brothers  a  Lutheran 
clergyman. 

Henry  E.  Muhlenberg,  as  he  is  now  usually  known, 
devoted  his  life  to  the  work  of  the  Church,  but  his  name 
has  come  down  through  the  generations  more  as  a  nat- 
uralist and  educator  than  as  a  preacher  and  theologian. 
Almost  every  work  on  the  botany  of  North  America  men- 
tions his  name  on  many  pages  as  one  who  was  able  to  name 
and  describe  a  plant  for  the  first  time  or  in  honor  of  whom 
a  plant  was  named. 

Born  at  the  family  home  at  Trappe  on  November  17, 
1753,  the  youngest  of  the  Muhlenberg  boys  was  sent  to 
Germany  with  his  brothers  at  the  age  of  ten  to  complete 
his  formal  education.  There,  awaiting  the  age  at  which 
he  could  enroll  in  the  University  of  Halle,  he  spent  six 
years  at  the  Waisenhaus  mastering  languages. 

In  1770  he  returned  to  Philadelphia  and,  though  he  was 
a  stripling  of  seventeen,  the  members  of  the  Lutheran 
Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania  were  so  impressed  by  his 
scholarship  and  had  such  faith  in  the  Muhlenberg  name 
that  they  ordained  him  at  Reading  on  October  25,  1770. 
His  first  few  years  in  the  ministry  were  spent  as  assistant 
to  his  father  at  Philadelphia,  Barren  Hill,  and  in  the  Rari- 
tan  Valley  of  New  Jersey. 

Called  to  the  Philadelphia  congregation  as  its  third 
pastor  in  April  1774,  he  served  there  during  the  most 
troublesome  years  of  the  Revolution.  During  the  War, 
because  of  the  prominence  of  his  brothers,  he  was  con- 
stantly exposed  to  dangers  and  found  it  necessary  to  send 
his  family  to  Trappe.  He  himself  remained  in  Philadelphia 
until  four  days  before  the  British  occupation  and  then 
narrowly  escaped  death  when,  disguised  as  an  Indian  and 
carrying  a  rifle  under  his  blanket,  he  was  almost  discovered 
by  a  Tory.  After  the  British  withdrawal  in  June,  1778, 
he  returned  to  Philadelphia  but  resigned  in  April,  1779. 

After  serving  a  country  parish  for  a  few  months,  pur- 
suant to  a  call  he  visited  Lancaster  on  January  1,  1780 
and  on  March  9  of  that  year  took  charge  of  Trinity  con- 
gregation, worshipping  in  the  same  lovely  colonial  church 
building  that  serves  it  today.  It  was  during  his  pastorate 
there  that  the  imposing  195  foot  steeple  was  erected. 
Trinity  Church  histories  tell  of  the  extensive  repairs  and 
additions  to  the  church  building  made  under  his  direction. 
The  Halle  Reports  tell  of  his  spiritual  successes,  particu- 
larly concerning  his  catechumens. 

Dr.  Muhlenberg,  a  profound  scholar  who  could  speak 


Latin,  who  was  proficient  in  Greek  and  Hebrew,  and  who 
could  preach  in  five  modern  tongues,  ranked  among  the 
ablest  theologians  in  the  Lutheran  Church  in  America.  He 
served  Trinity  Church  until  his  death  on  May  23,  1815. 
The  Ministerium  saw  him  active  as  its  secretary  for  six 
terms  and  as  president  for  eleven  terms. 

Muhlenberg's  botanical  interest,  he  says,  began  while 
assistant  to  his  father,  but  it  did  not  take  on  its  serious 
nature  until  his  temporary  exile  in  Trappe  during  the 
British  occupation  of  Philadelphia.  His  interest  lay  pri- 
marily in  the  rather  inconspicuous  flowering  plants  and 
the  lower  forms,  and  in  the  economic  and  then  important 
medicinal  uses  of  plants.  Grasses  were  his  favorites. 

His  botanical  journeys  were,  for  the  most  part,  re- 
stricted to  the  vicinity  of  Lancaster  county.  On  one  occa- 
sion he  was  stopped  by  a  robber  who  demanded  his  money. 
In  return,  Muhlenberg  held  forth  his  Bible  assuring  the 
robber  that  this  was  his  most  valued  fwssession.  "I  sus- 
pected you  were  a  priest  and  might  have  known  you  were 
too  poor  to  own  a  cent !"  was  the  reply. 

Gotthilf  H.  E.  Muhlenberg 


The  Freeman  Dairy  Company 


[H 


It  was  not  long  until  Muhlenberg  became  acquainted 
with  fellow  naturalists.  This  began  with  a  visit  by  Dr. 
Johann  David  Schoepf,  a  military  surgeon  of  Hessian 
troops,  who  after  the  war  made  a  tour  of  the  eastern  states 
in  search  of  medicinal  plants.  The  visit  began  an  exchange 
of  letters  and  materials  with  the  eminent  botanists  of  Ger- 
many, France,  England,  Sweden  and  America.  Among 
them  were  most  of  the  leading  scientists  of  the  day. 

Unfortunately,  Muhlenberg  received  little  credit  for  his 
assistance.  During  his  visit  Dr.  Schoepf  had  been  given  the 
Muhlenberg  notes  on  herbs,  but  in  his  North  American 
Materia  Medica,  Schoepf  fails  to  acknowledge  this  help. 
Similarly,  upon  examining  Bigelow's  Medical  Botany, 
Muhlenberg  could  not  help  remarking  to  his  son,  "This 
gentleman  has  appropriated  to  himself  all  my  explanations, 
without  making  any  acknowledgement." 

In  the  precision  and  accuracy  of  his  descriptions,  his 
scrupulous  regard  for  correct  nomenclature,  his  aversion  to 
splitting  species  into  numerous  varieties  on  the  basis  of 
minute  variations,  and  his  recognition  of  the  necessity  for 
collaborative  effort  in  compiling  a  complete  flora  of  North 
America,  he  was  a  true  forerunner  of  Torrey  and  Gray. 

The  Muhlenberg  hibarium.  Dr.  Muhlenberg's  collec- 
tion of  pressed  plants,  was  purchased  by  his  friends  and 
presented  to  the  American  Philosophical  Society  in  1818. 
It  is  now  at  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  at  Philadel- 
phia where,  in  the  words  of  the  present  curator,  it  is  still 
of  great  value  to  botanists,  is  frequently  referred  to,  and 
is  one  of  the  scientific  treasures  of  America. 

In  the  present  botanical  manuals  there  are  nearly  one 
hundred  plants  named  by  Muhlenberg.  About  one-half  of 
them  are  reeds  and  grasses.  Another  is  the  common  pussy 
willow.  Among  the  plants  named  in  honor  of  him  are  a 
genus  of  grasses,  a  sedge,  a  knotweed,  an  oak,  a  centaury, 
a  small  willow,  two  lichens,  two  mosses,  and  a  fungus.  A 
turtle,  Clemmys  Muhlenbergii  bears  the  common  name, 
Muhlenberg's  Turtle.  The  yellow  oak,  although  rare,  is 
a  fitting  monument  to  him. 

The  contributions  of  this  remarkable  lay  scientist,  termed 
by  his  contemporaries  as  the  American  Linneaus,  are  well 
summarized  by  Dr.  Schreber  who  wrote  the  following  in 
naming  a  group  of  grasses  "Muhlenbergia:" 

"The  genus  .  .  .  has  received  its  name  .  .  .  after  my 
most  revered  friend.  Dr.  Henry  Muhlenberg,  evangelical 
minister  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  and  president  of  the 
German  University  there,  also  a  member  of  many  learried 
societies,  who  has,  through  the  discovery  of  numerous  new 
species  and  in  other  ways,  rendered  immortal  service  to 
the  natural  history  of  North  America,  and  especially  to 
the  knowledge  of  the  plants  of  Pennsylvania  and  the  other 
United  States." 

Many  honors  were  conferred  upon  Muhlenberg,  who 
never  allowed  his  ministerial  career  and  his  parish  work 
to  suffer  because  of  his  interest  in  science.  He  was  made 
a  member  of  a  number  of  learned  and  honorary  groups, 
received  the  degree  of  master  of  arts  from  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1780,  and  the  degree  of  doctor  of  di- 
vinity from  Princeton  in  1787. 

Muhlenberg's  interest  in  education  is  evidenced  by  his 
influence  in  the  founding  of  Franklin  College,  one  of  the 
institutions  that  later  was  merged  into  Franklin  and  Mar- 
shall.  He  was  the  first  president  of   Franklin   College, 


referred  to  above  by  Dr.  Schreber  as  "The  German 
University." 

Concerning  his  personality  there  is  a  description  by  his 
son,  presented  by  his  greatgrandson.  Dr.  F.  A.  Muhlen- 
berg, first  president  of  Muhlenberg  College: 

He  was  "a  person  of  medium  stature,  robust  frame,  and 
florid  complexion.  He  frequently  started  on  foot  from 
Lancaster  to  Philadelphia,  considering  the  walk  as  a 
trifling  feat.  His  manners  were  easy  and  affable,  but  dig- 
nified. He  was  extremely  fond  of  music  and  on  several  in- 
struments performed  with  skill." 

On  July  26,  1774  he  married  Mary  Catherine  Hall  of 
Philadelphia,  who  bore  him  four  sons  and  four  daughters. 

In  spite  of  his  physical  strength  and  intellectual  vigor, 
he  was  subject  to  a  recurrent  illness  which  finally  caused 
his  death.  Attacks  began  at  the  age  of  thirty-three  years 
and  increased  in  intensity  in  subsequent  years. 

On  May  2Z,  1815  he  told  his  son  he  felt  another  attack 
coming  on.  He  braced  himself  against  the  stove  and  prayed, 
first  for  his  congregation,  then  for  his  family,  and  last  for 
himself.  In  the  midst  of  his  last  prayer,  he  fell  into  the 
arms  of  his  son  and  expired. 

Less  colorful  than  his  two  older  brothers,  he  stands  today 
as  a  stalwart  son  of  a  revered  and  honored  father,  a  faithful 
pastor  who  as  he  quietly  labored  in  new  fields  brought 
honors  to  a  name  that  remains  one  of  the  greatest  in 
America's  history. 

Trinity  Church,  Lancaster 


12] 


Jeddo-Highland  Coal  Company — H.  N.  Crowder,  Jr.  Company 


Muhlenberg  College 


A  LIVING  memorial  to  the  Muhlenberg  family, 
Muhlenberg  College  stands  today  firmly  rooted  to 
the  ideals  for  which  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg 
and  his  three  patriot  sons  fought  as  they  helped  lay  the 
foundations  for  American  freedom  and  democracy. 

In  this  College,  located  in  the  heart  of  the  territory  of 
the  Lutheran  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania  where  the 
Patriarch  Muhlenberg  established  the  Lutheran  Church 
on  American  soil,  the  forces  of  education  for  a  century 
have  been  marshalled  for  service  to  God  and  Country. 

Today,  as  through  its  long  history,  Muhlenberg  remains 
a  Lutheran  Church-supported  College  dedicated  to  train- 
ing young  men  for  lives  of  service  in  all  the  professions  and 
in  business.  It  believes  in  the  strong  and  broad  preparation 
offered  by  the  basic  liberal  arts  curriculum  adapted  to 
meet  the  needs  of  the  individual  student.  It  subscribes  to 
the  philosophy  of  its  first  president,  a  great  grandson  of 
the  patriarch,  that  no  education  is  complete  "unless  it  pre- 
pares a  man  to  discharge  all  his  duties  properly  in  this 
world  and  qualifies  him  for  the  rewards  and  employments 
of  eternity." 

Through  the  nearly  one  hundred  years  of  its  history  as 
an  academic  institution,  Muhlenberg  College  has  main- 
tained the  highest  traditions  and  objectives  of  a  church- 


related  liberal  arts  college.  Its  aim  has  always  been  and 
is  today  to  develop  in  each  of  its  students  a  Christian  per- 
sonality ;  to  provide  each  young  man  with  the  tools  that 
are  essential  for  the  full  enjoyment  of  life  through  the 
development  of  his  abilities  to  serve  and  earn ;  to  enable 
him  to  appreciate  and  make  complete  use  of  opportunities 
that  surround  him  on  the  campus  and  as  a  member  of  a 
larger  society. 

The  College,  located  in  the  residential  section  of  Allen- 
town,  Pennsylvania,  some  fifty  miles  from  Philadelphia 
and  ninety  miles  west  of  New  York  City,  was  founded  in 
1848  as  the  AUentown  Seminary,  a  co-educational  institu- 
tion. It  retained  this  name  until  1864  when,  by  an  Act  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Legislature,  it  was  incorporated  with 
full  collegiate  powers  under  the  name  of  the  AUentown 
Collegiate  Institute  and  Military  Academy. 

It  was  not  until  1867  that  its  control  passed  into  the 
hands  of  the  Lutheran  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania.  At 
that  time  the  charter  was  amended  and  the  name  changed 
to  Muhlenberg  College  in  honor  of  Henry  Melchior 
Muhlenberg  and  his  distinguished  family.  The  Minis- 
terium elects  eighteen  of  the  College's  thirty  trustees,  call- 
ing many  prominent  laymen  and  clergj'men  to  help  direct 
its  policies. 

Like  the  Lutheran  Church,  Muhlenberg  has  carefully 


In  Residential  Allentown — The  Muhlenberg  Colleoe  Campus 


Mrs.  J.  S.  Burkholder— Robert  L.  Burkholder 


[13 


Gideon  F.  Ecner  Memorial  Chapel 

erected  its  superstructure  on  foundations  that  were  solidly 
laid  by  its  pioneers — men  with  the  vision  and  foresight  and 
the  consecrated  zeal  of  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg. 

From  its  founding  until  the  turn  of  the  century,  the 
College  was  content  to  occupy  one  building  close  to  the 
center  of  the  city.  Its  student  body  numbered  less  than 
one  hundred  men.  Its  faculty  members  were  few.  But  it 
transmitted  its  strength  and  its  character  into  its  students 
and  prepared  them  for  useful  service  in  the  communities 
where  they  soon  became  leaders. 

Early  in  the  twentieth  centurj',  development  of  a  new 
campus  was  begun  in  what  is  now  the 
heart  of  Allentown's  choice  residential 
section.  Step-by-step  the  seventy-two 
acre  campus  was  developed.  New  build- 
ings were  erected  and  equipped  as  the 
College  built  to  meet  present  and  future 
needs.  The  student  body  grew  steadily 
and  is  growing  now  toward  the  600 
limit  that  has  been  fixed  by  the  Board 
of  Trustees.  For  the  last  few  years 
Muhlenberg's  annual  registration  has 
been  between  525  and  550  men. 

The  College  plant  includes  a  fine 
library  building  with  a  capacity  for 
200,000  volumes;  a  modern  and  com- 
pletely equipped  science  building ;  an 
administration  building  including  of- 
fices and  lecture  rooms ;  a  stately 
Gothic  chapel  known  as  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  college  chapels  in  Amer- 
ica; two  dormitories,  one  of  them  de- 
voted exclusively  to  freshmen ;  a  dining 
hall ;  and  several  residences. 


The  Faculty  numbers  forty  men — one  for  every  fourteen 
students.  Thev  are  men  who  are  real  teachers. 

Endowment  funds  total  $1,000,000. 

Through  the  years  its  policies  have  been  guided  by  such 
Christian  educators  and  Lutheran  stalwarts  as  Dr.  Fred- 
erick Augustus  Muhlenberg,  its  first  president,  who  served 
from  1867  to  1876;  Dr.  Benjamin  Sadtler,  president  from 
1876  to  1885;  Dr.  Theodore  L.  Seip,  who  served  from 
1886  to  1903 ;  Dr.  John  A.  W.  Haas,  whose  span  of  serv- 
ice extended  from  1904  to  1936;  and  Dr.  Levering  Tyson, 
president  since  1937. 

Muhlenberg  is  accredited  by  the  highest  agencies,  in- 
cluding the  Middle  States  Association  of  Colleges  and  the 
Association  of  American  Universities.  It  is  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Association  of  American  Colleges.  Thus,  its 
graduates  enter  professional  schools  with  the  highest 
qualifications. 

Men  who  hold  bachelor  of  arts,  bachelor  of  science,  and 
bachelor  of  philosophy  degrees  from  Muhlenberg  are  to  be 
found  today  at  the  top  of  every  profession  and  in  every 
field  of  business. 

Through  the  years  the  College  has  been  more  than  a 
memorial  to  the  Muhlenberg  family.  It  has  typified  the 
ideals  for  which  those  Lutheran  patriots  fought  in  the 
early  days  of  this  Nation's  history. 

It  has  taken  its  challenge  from  Henry  Melchior  Muhlen- 
berg, the  preacher,  missionary,  and  church  executive ;  from 
Major  General  John  Peter  Gabriel  Muhlenberg,  the 
clergyman  who  became  a  soldier  and  statesman  when  his 
Country  called  him  to  service  as  it  struggled  to  maintain 
the  ideals  for  which  he  and  his  church  have  always  stood ; 
from  Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhlenberg,  clergy- 
man, statesman,  and  first  Speaker  of  the  United  States 
House  of  Representatives;  from  Gotthilf  Henry  Ernst 
Muhlenberg,  clergyman,  distinguished  botanist,  and 
educator. 

This  year  Muhlenberg  honors  those  whose  name  it  bears 
and  it  reiterates  its  pledge  to  remain  rooted  to  their  faith, 
true  to  their  ideals,  loyal  to  the  America  they  helped  to 
build. 


Across  the  Campus 


14] 


The  Allen  Laundry — The  Aldrich  Pump  Company 


A  Challenge  and  a  Pledge 


THE  world  today  is  in  turmoil  solely  because  cer- 
tain individuals  have  temporarily  injected  their 
powerful  personalities  on  the  thinking  and  living 
of  millions  of  people.  The  character  of  these  individuals  is 
open  to  present  appraisal.  The  final  verdict  will  be  written 
by  history.  The  people  who  have  been  influenced  by  these 
personalities  are  the  victims  of  an  accumulation  of  sins  of 
omission  and  of  commission  spread  over  many  generations. 
From  time  to  time  the  minor  results  of  these  sins,  social  and 
political,  have  caused  eruptions  of  more  or  less  serious  pro- 
portions. Today,  however,  we  see  a  volcanic  burst  of  venom 
and  hate  and  violence,  pent  up  for  centuries,  sweeping  the 
whole  world  like  a  grass  fire. 

We  know  that  the  annals  of  mankind  contain  many  in- 
stances of  the  achievements  of  other  types  of  personalities 
who,  less  spectacular  than  those  usurping  the  headlines  of 
today,  have  in  their  quiet  but  effective  way,  advanced  the 
human  race  and  the  cause  of  liberty  of  thought,  work  and 
worship.  While  history's  finger  writes,  these  heroes  are 
unsung  stalwarts,  the  sum  total  of  whose  efforts  neverthe- 
less marks  the  real  progress  of  mankind.  If  this  were  not  so 
we  would  still  be  barbarians.  Today's  struggle  is  against  a 
reversion  to  that  very  barbaric  state.  It  is  evidence  of  the 
gradual  advancement  of  the  race  through  the  accomplish- 
ments of  such  pioneers.  It  is  a  gigantic  global  protest 
against  evil. 

For  this  reason  it  is  a  privilege  not  usually  accorded  to 
one  coterie  of  enthusiasts  such  as  is  our  little  academic  circle 
to  acclaim  the  work  of  the  man  for  whom  this  College  is 
named  and  to  testify  to  our  faith  in  what  he  and  his  dis- 
tinguished sons  stood  for  in  this  community,  in  this  com- 
monwealth, and  in  the  country  just  being  born  when  he 
and  they  began  their  fruitful  labors.  A  great  deal  has  been 
written  and  said  about  the  Muhlenbergs  and  their  work, 
and  more,  rather  than  less,  will  be  said  and  written  as 
modern  research  and  historical  perspective  interprets  what 
was  done  under  their  guidance  and  direction.  But  it  is  suf- 
ficient for  us  today  that  we  can,  with  thankful  hearts  and 
unclouded  minds,  subscribe  to  and  reaffirm,  without  any 
mental  reservation  whatsoever,  the  principles  to  which  they 
devoted  their  lives  and  their  sacred  honor — principles 
which  were  as  simple  as  they  were  axiomatic — love  of 
Country  and  love  of  God.  Their  protest  too  was  against 
evil  and  they  believed  in  implementing  it  by  organizing 
sound  learning  in  the  service  of  Church  and  Country. 

What  a  combination  of  power,  consecration  and  sheer 
native  ability  was  back  of  that  protest !  The  patriarch  him- 


self was  fired  with  religious  zeal  and  he  had  a  passion 
for  sound  learning.  He  transmitted  these  qualities  to  his 
sons  and  in  turn  each  of  them  expanded  into  areas  where 
eminent  success  was  achieved  long  after  he  was  gone — in 
science,  statecraft  and  military  prowess.  In  all  these  areas 
this  country  now  needs  leadership  as  never  before  in  the 
history  of  the  Republic  the  Muhlenbergs  help>ed  to 
establish. 

Fortunately  for  our  citizenry  the  United  States  has 
never  had  to  depend  solely  upon  her  military  might.  The 
record  of  our  participation  in  war  shows  initial  bungling 
and  an  abhorrence  of  those  qualities  which  strict  adherence 
to  force  as  a  means  for  the  settlements  of  international 
dispute  always  engenders.  Yet  when  the  need  for  military 
genius  has  arisen  some  outstanding  personality  has  emerged 
as  a  leader,  someone  imbued  not  only  with  the  tactical 
requirements  but  with  the  spiritual  qualities  true  and  last- 
ing success  demands.  General  Muhlenberg's  early  military 
career  as  part  of  a  regiment  representing  the  Euroi)ean 
tradition  was  distasteful  to  him,  but  he  later  gloried  in 
the  cause  of  the  American  colonies.  If  America  was  con- 
quered, would  he  be  safe?  Never.  His  "liberty  was  as  dear 
to  him  as  to  any  man."  He  would  "sooner  fight  like  a 
man  than  die  like  a  dog."  That  breed  of  warrior  wins  not 
only  battles — it  wins  causes.  That  type  of  soldier  will  have 
to  be  enrolled  in  large  numbers  in  the  armed  forces  of  this 
country  in  the  present  war  or  the  liberties  the  Muhlen- 
bergs won  and  established  for  us  will  disappear  forever. 

So,  Patriarch  Muhlenberg  and  you,  his  distinguished 
sons,  after  two  hundred  years,  scanning  and  appraising 
what  you  have  meant  to  all  of  us  and  what  your  example 
has  taught,  we  who  vicariously  proudly  bear  your  name, 
reaffirm  the  faith  you  exemplified  and  solemnly  promise 
to  uphold  the  record  written  by  you  in  letters  of  flaming 
fire,  faith  in  the  all-wise  presence  of  Almighty  God  and 
the  example  of  His  Son,  Jesus  Christ,  our  Lord  and  Sa- 
viour; faith  in  His  Church  as  an  instrumentality  to  achieve 
His  purpose  on  this  earth;  faith  in  simplicity  and  honest 
dealing  as  men  consort  with  one  another ;  faith  that  right 
makes  might;  faith  in  the  brotherhood  of  man  and  the 
sanctity  of  the  individual  personality;  faith  that  eternal 
justice  eventually  will  prevail  over  the  forces  of  evil;  faith 
that  all  things  work  together  to  do  God's  will. 

This  Bicentennial  pledge  we  offer  to  you  on  this  solemn 
occasion  with  grateful  hearts  and  thankful  spirits. 

Levering  Tyson 
President,  Muhlenberg  College 


The  Kutztown  Publishing  Company 


[15 


A  Distinguished  Family 


THE  fame  of  the  first  generation  of  Muhlenberg 
men  is  secure.  Possessing  in  common  a  characteristic 
piety,  an  irrepressible  versatility,  and  a  well-de- 
veloped sense  of  leadership,  they  displayed  their  talents 
upon  a  large  canvas  of  activities.  As  clergyman,  soldier, 
statesman,  scientist,  or  a  combination  of  several  of  these, 
each  helped  mold  and  shape  the  American  traditions  of 
today. 

The  passing  of  this  generation  did  not  mark  the  end  of 
the  influence  of  the  family  upon  American  life.  The  con- 
tinuity of  outstanding  service  to  God  and  Country  has  re- 
mained unbroken.  Generation  after  generation  has  evi- 
denced in  a  marked  degree  the  characteristics  of  their 
illustrious  forebears.  They  have  been  doctors  and  lawyers, 
ministers,  statesmen  and  educators. 

Henry  Augustus  Philip  Muhlenberg,  son  of  Gotthilf 
Henry  Ernst  Muhlenberg,  as  a  clergyman,  statesman  and 
diplomat,  carried  the  traditions  of  the  first  and  second 
generations  into  the  third.  As  a  clergyman,  his  abilities 
were  recognized  by  his  elevation  to  the  presidency  of  the 
Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania.  His  prestige  among  his 
fellow  Pennsylvania  Germans  led  to  his  election  to  Con- 
gress in  1829.  Here  the  sturdy  versatility  so  characteristic 
of  the  family  was  to  serve  him  well.  He  easily  acclimated 
himself  to  the  political  environment  and  became  a  recog- 
nized supporter  of  the  Jackson  forces. 

During  the  administration  of  Martin  Van  Buren,  suc- 
cessor to  Andrew  Jackson  as  President  of  the  United 
States,  Muhlenberg  was  successively  offered  positions  as 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  and  Minister  to  Russia.  Of  modest 
means,  he  declined  these  honors  fearing  that  the  financial 
requirements  involved  would  be  too  great  a  strain  upon  his 
resources.  His  colleagues,  however,  were  determined  that 
his  abilities  should  be  utilized  as  a  representative  of  our 
country  abroad.  When,  therefore,  a  few  years  later,  it  was 
decided  to  open  a  legation  in  Austria,  Muhlenberg  was 
again  suggested  for  the  post  of  minister.  While  he  was 
still  apprehensive  because  of  the  attendant  financial  com- 
mitments, he  decided  to  yield  to  the  wishes  of  the  admin- 
istration. In  1838,  therefore,  he  became  the  first  minister 
representing  the  United  States  in  Austria,  a  signal  honor. 
Unfortunately,  his  fears  regarding  his  inability  to  keep 
pace  with  the  legation  obligations  proved  only  too  real. 
Within  two  years,  at  his  own  request,  he  was  recalled. 

His  Pennsylvania  constituents  regarded  his  retirement 
from  the  foreign  service  as  their  opportunity  to  make  use 
at  home  of  his  unusual  talents.  Thus  in  1844  he  was 
nominated  for  the  governorship  of  the  state.  With  the 
party  solidly  behind  him,  his  election  appeared  to  be  a 
foregone  conclusion.  Unfortunately,  during  the  campaign 
he  suffered  a  stroke  and  died,  bringing  to  a  close  a  career 
paralleling  in  usefulness  and  service  those  of  the  founders 
of  the  line  from  which  he  sprang. 

The  fourth  generation  exhibits  the  same  resourcefulness 
and  energy  so  profoundly  evident  among  the  earlier  mem- 
bers   of    the    family.    William    Augustus    Muhlenberg, 


grandson  of  Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhlenberg,  in 
common  with  his  elders  began  his  career  as  a  clergyman. 
His  work  among  his  congregation  developed  in  him  an 
active  interest  in  social  rehabilitation.  In  an  effort  to  pro- 
vide educational  opportunities  for  those  unable  to  afford 
the  more  exclusive  facilities,  he  founded  two  schools, 
Flushing  Institute  and  St.  Paul's  College.  The  latter,  the 
more  ambitious  experiment  of  the  two,  was  expected  ulti- 
mately to  absorb  the  former.  Both  institutions  were  situ- 
ated on  Long  Island  and  were  organized  in  accordance 
with  the  advanced  ideas  upon  education  which  were  in- 
fluencing the  course  of  instruction  in  the  1830s.  However, 
because  of  circumstances  beyond  Muhlenberg's  control, 
both  were  short-lived.  Their  influence  remained,  never- 
theless, for  the  methods  which  the  founder  developed  in 
the  organization  and  operation  of  the  schools  were  copied 
widely  in  this  period  during  which  the  outlines  of  our 
modern  educational  system  were  being  formulated.  Muhl- 
enberg was  now  deeply  interested  in  the  movements  which 
were  effecting  the  emancipation  of  the  common  man. 
Undismayed  by  the  failure  of  his  educational  experiments, 
he  turned  to  other  pursuits  of  a  similar  nature.  Altogether, 
his  activities  reflect  to  a  remarkable  degree  the  social  forces 
which  were  so  much  a  part  of  the  period  in  which  he  lived. 

Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg,  a  cousin  of  William 
Augustus  Muhlenberg,  and  a  grandson  of  Gotthilf  Henry 
Ernst  Muhlenberg,  likewise  carved  an  enduring  niche  in 
the  annals  of  this  period  of  our  history.  Possessing  in 
generous  share  the  vigor  of  mind  and  body  and  strong  sense 
of  service,  the  natural  inheritance  of  the  others  of  whom 
we  have  spoken,  he  contributed  richly  to  the  educational 
development  of  the  state  of  Pennsylvania. 

Beginning  his  service  as  a  clergyman,  he  was  drawn  into 
the  educational  world  through  public  recognition  of  his 
talents  as  a  teacher  and  administrator.  Five  colleges  in 
Pennsylvania  were  to  be  influenced  directly  by  his  scholar- 
ship and  administrative  ability.  As  a  teacher  at  Franklin 
College  and  at  Pennsylvania  College,  he  was  instrumental 
in  the  merger  that  resulted  in  present-day  Franklin  and 
Marshall  College  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania.  In  1867  he 
moved  to  Allentown  where  he  became  the  first  president 
of  Muhlenberg  College.  Taking  over  the  administrative 
reins  of  the  institution  at  a  time  when  it  was  entirely  in 
an  experimental  stage,  he  nurtured  its  growth  for  nine 
years.  When  he  resigned  in  1876  the  continuance  of  the 
College  was  virtually  assured.  Two  other  schools  were 
benefited  by  his  association  with  them,  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  and  Thiel  College.  As  a  teacher  in  the  former 
and  president  of  the  latter,  he  rounded  out  an  educational 
career  rich  in  its  contributions. 

These  men,  as  has  been  suggested,  had  in  common  a 
characteristic  piety,  an  irrepressible  versatility,  and  a  well- 
developed  sense  of  leadership.  As  a  result,  they  shared  in 
many  of  the  movements  that  were  characteristic  of  the 
periods  in  which  they  lived,  and  exemplified,  in  no  small 
degree,  the  prevailing  historical  currents  of  thought  and 
action. 


16] 


Estate  of  Louis  Willenbecher — Ruhe  and  Lange 


The  Muhlenberg  Women 


HISTORY    has    reserved   a    place    for   its   heroic 
women,  among  them  the  wives  and  the  daughters 
of  the  Muhlenbergs,  the  mothers  of  a  continuing 
.  line  of  teachers  and  preachers  and  statesmen  and  soldiers, 
a  line  of  Americans  who  have  placed  the  Muhlenberg  fam- 
ily among  the  most  illustrious  in  this  Nation. 

It  has  noted  the  place  of  Anna  Maria  Weiser  Muhlen- 
berg, wife  of  the  patriarch  and  mother  of  his  eleven  chil- 
dren. To  her  fell  the  task  of  rearing  to  maturity  four 
daughters  and  three  sons  as  her  distinguished  husband  went 
about  the  work  that  frequently  kept  him  away  from 
home  for  many  weeks.  As  the  daughter  of  John  Conrad 
Weiser  II,  famous  Indian  agent  of  Pennsylvania,  she  was 
accustomed  to  the  rigors  and  dangers  of  pioneer  life  and 
ready  to  share  the  hardships  of  an  itinerant  pioneer  preacher 
such  as  Muhlenberg. 

Oldest  of  the  four  Muhlenberg  daughters  who  grew  to 
womanhood  was  Eve  Elizabeth,  their  second  child,  born 
at  Trappe  sixteen  months  after  her  brother  Peter.  On 
September  23,  1766,  she  married  the  Reverend  C.  Em- 
manuel Schulze,  one  of  her  father's  younger  associates  in 
the  Lutheran  ministry,  who  from  1770  until  his  death  in 
1809  was  pastor  of  Christ  Church  at  Tulpehocken.  Nine 
children  and  a  long  line  of  prominent  citizens  were  de- 
scended from  the  union,  among  them  John  Andrew  Mel- 
chior  Schulze,  a  Lutheran  clergyman  who  served  in  the 
Pennsylvania  State  Legislature  and  who  twice  was  elected 
Governor  of  Pennsylvania. 

Fourth  child  of  the  patriarch  was  Margaretta  Henrietta 
Muhlenberg,  born  at  Trappe,  September  17,  1751.  Like 
her  sister,  she  married  one  of  her  father's  associates,  the 
Reverend  John  Christopher  Kunze,  who  had  been  educated 
at  Halle  with  her  two  brothers.  Dr.  Kunze  was  pastor  of 
Christ  Church  in  New  York,  and  a  member  of  the  faculty 
of  King's  College  when  it  reopened  as  Columbia  College 
(later  Columbia  University)  in  1784.  Only  four  of  their 
ten  children  survived  childhood.  Among  them  was  a  daugh- 
ter, Margaretta  Henrietta,  who  married  Laurentius  Henry 
von  Post.  From  this  line  many  notable  New  York  families 
are  descended. 

Mary  Catherine  Muhlenberg,  the  sixth  child  and  the 
third  daughter,  was  born  November  4,  1775.  She  married 
Francis  Swaine,  a  patriot  who  furnished  clothing  for  the 
Pennsylvania  troops  in  the  War  for  Independence  and 
who  later  became  Sheriff  of  Montgomery  County  and  first 
President  of  the   Bank  of  Montgomery  County.  Their 


children  died  in  infancy,  with  the  exception  of  the  eldest, 
who  remained  single.  There  are  no  descendants  of  this  line. 

Youngest  of  the  Muhlenberg  children,  Maria  Salome 
Muhlenberg,  was  the  helper  and  companion  of  her  aging 
parents  through  the  war  years.  She  was  married  on  May  8, 
1782  to  Matthias  Richards,  nephew  of  the  first  Treasurer 
of  the  United  States,  and  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  Berks 
county  for  six  years.  Her  husband  served  as  a  member  of 
Congress  from  1807  to  1811  and  was  Collector  of  Reve- 
nues under  President  Madison.  Their  ninth  child,  the 
Reverend  John  William  Richards,  was  the  father  of  a 
family  of  distinguished  church,  military,  and  professional 
men.  One  of  them,  Mathias  Henry  Richards,  a  graduate 
of  Gettysburg  college  and  a  soldier  in  the  Civil  War,  be- 
came Professor  of  English  at  Muhlenberg  College  in  1868. 

In  her  last  years,  Maria  Salome  lived  at  Reading  where 
her  husband  conducted  a  general  store.  Here  she  was  a 
parishioner  of  her  distinguished  nephew,  the  Reverend 
Henry  Augustus  Muhlenberg,  pastor  of  Trinity  Lutheran 
Church  and  later  United  States  Minister  to  Austria.  Her 
kindliness  and  friendliness,  the  warmth  of  her  personality, 
are  characteristics  of  the  other  members  of  her  family. 

Other  lines  of  the  distinguished  family  have  come  down 
through  the  three  sons,  all  of  whom  married  daughters  of 
patriot  families.  Anna  Barbara  Meyer  of  Philadelphia 
became  the  wife  of  Major  General  John  Peter  Gabriel 
Muhlenberg,  the  mother  of  his  four  sons  and  two  daugh- 
ters. Mary  Catherine  Hall  of  Philadelphia  married  Gott- 
hilf  Henry  Ernst  Muhlenberg  and  was  the  mother  of  four 
sons  and  four  daughters,  one  of  them  Henry  Augustus 
Muhlenberg.  Three  sons  and  four  daughters  were  born  to 
Frederick  Augustus  Conrad  Muhlenberg  and  his  wife,  the 
former  Catherine  Schaefer  of  Philadelphia.  A  grandson, 
William  Augustus  Muhlenberg,  became  the  eminent  leader 
of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  and  was  active  some 
ninety  years  ago  in  the  beginnings  of  the  movement  for 
Christian  reunion  which  has  resulted  in  the  formation  of 
the  World  Council  of  Churches.  He  was  also  one  of  the 
famous  hymn  writers  of  America. 

Through  the  years  other  illustrious  Muhlenberg  women, 
wives  and  daughters  of  a  family  honored  through  America, 
have  worked  at  the  sides  of  their  husbands.  Ofttlmes  their 
own  personalities,  like  those  of  their  forebears  who  have 
taken  their  places  in  history,  have  been  merged  with  those 
of  their  husbands.  Personalities  and  ideals  and  charac- 
teristics of  both  have  been  transmitted  to  the  strong  and 
courageous  generations  that  have  followed  them. 


Royal  Manufacturing  Company 


C17 


United  States  Bicentennial   Commission 


^       FRANKLIN  D,  ROOSEVELT        N 
fO  New  York  <=^. 

(  President  of  thft  United  States        ) 


I  /"  BISHOP  EDWIN  HOLT  HUGHES  \ 
/°  Washington.  D.  C.  "S, 
V^ Methodist  Church J 


6 


DR.  FREDERICK  H.  KNUBEL 

New  York 

President,  United  Lutheran  Church 


I.     CrEP-GUYL.  MOSEr)  (       DR.  DANIEL  POLING     >     /- 

gf  Berks  County         J  (^Philadelphia  Baptist  MinislerJ  Qj 


REP.  FRANCIS  E.  WALTER 
Northampton-Carbon-Monrofl. 


^  ("rep.  CHARLES  L.  GERLACH  )      CrEP.  I,  ROLAND  KINZER}     . 
pj  i Lehigh-Bucks J     (        Lancaster-Chester        J    ' 


18] 


Seventy-seventh  Congress  of  the  United  States  of  America 

AT  THE  First  Session 

Begun  and  held  at  the  City  of  Washington  on  Friday,  the  third  day  of  January,  one  thousand  nine  hundred 

and  forty-one 


JOINT  RESOLUTION 


Providing  for  the  representation  of  the  Government  and  people  of  the  United  States  in  the  observ- 
ance of  the  two  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  coming  of  Doctor  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg  to  the 

American  colonies. 


Whereas  Muhlenberg  College  will  hold  celebrations  dur- 
ing the  year  1942  commemorating  the  two  hundredth 
anniversary  of  the  arrival  in  the  American  colonies  of 
Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg,  patriarch  of  the  Lutheran 
Church  in  America ;  and 

Whereas  the  said  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg  was  promi- 
nently identified  with  the  early  days  of  the  Common- 
wealth of  Pennsylvania,  having  been  active  for  many 
years  in  the  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania,  mother  synod 
of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  America ;  and 

Whereas  the  said  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg  was  the 
father  of  Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg,  first  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Representatives,  and  of  General  John 
Peter  Gabriel  Muhlenberg,  a  friend  of  George  Wash- 
ington and  a  member  of  his  staff,  famous  for  his  action 
in  having  thrown  off  his  clerical  gown  while  delivering 
a  sermon  at  Woodstock,  Virginia,  disclosing  himself 
dressed  in  the  uniform  of  an  officer  of  the  Continental 
Army  making  a  remark  to  the  effect  that  there  was  a 
time  to  pray  and  a  time  to  fight ;  and 

Whereas  it  is  appropriate  that  the  Government  and  the 
people  of  the  United  States  should  join  with  Muhlen- 
berg College  in  the  celebrations  commemorating  the  two- 
hundredth  anniversary  of  the  arrival  in  the  American 
colonies  of  one  so  closely  identified  with  the  early  days 
of  the  Republic:  Therefore  be  it 

Resolved  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the 
United  States  of  America  in  Congress  assembled.  That 
the  Government  and  people  of  the  United  States  unite 
with  Muhlenberg  College  in  a  fitting  and  appropriate 
observance  of  the  two-hundredth  anniversary  of  the  ar- 
rival in  the  American  colonies  of  Henry  Melchior 
Muhlenberg. 

Sec.  2.     There  is  hereby  established  a  commission  to  be 


known  as  the  United  States  Muhlenberg  Bicentennial 
Commission  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  the  Commission) 
to  be  composed  of  fifteen  Commissioners,  as  follows :  The 
President  of  the  United  States  and  four  persons  to  be 
appointed  by  him,  the  President  of  the  Senate  and  four 
Members  of  the  Senate  to  be  appointed  by  said  President 
of  the  Senate,  and  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives and  four  Members  of  the  House  to  be  appointed  by 
said  Speaker. 

Sec.  3.  The  Commission,  on  behalf  of  the  United 
States,  shall  cooperate  with  representatives  of  Muhlenberg 
College,  extend  appropriate  courtesies  to  the  delegates  of 
foreign  universities  and  other  foreign  learned  bodies  or 
individuals  attending  the  celebrations  commemorating  such 
anniversary. 

Sec.  4.  The  members  of  the  Commission  shall  serve 
without  compensation  and  shall  select  a  chairman  from 
among  their  number,  but  the  President  of  the  United  States 
shall  be  designated  as  the  "honorary  chairman"  of  the 
Commission. 

Sec  5.  Any  vacancies  occurring  in  the  membership  of 
the  Commission  shall  be  filled  in  the  same  manner  in  which 
original  appointments  to  such  Commission  are  made. 

(Signed)  Sam  Rayburn 
Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives 

(Signed)  Carter  Glass 

President  of  the  Senate 
Pro  Tempore 

Approved 
Aug.  16,  1941 

Franklin  D.  Roosevelt  (Signed) 


Reuben  J.  Butz 


[19 


The  Bicentennial  Week 


Sunday,  May  24 

FAITH  OF  OUR  FATHERS'  DAY 

7 :30  p.  m. — Community    Religious    Rally,    Muhlenberg 

Stadium. 

Address:  Dr.  E.  P.  Pfatteicher, 

President  of  the  Lutheran  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania 

Dedication  of  the   Muhlenberg  Service  Flag   Honoring 

Men  Now  Serving  in  America's  Armed  Forces 

Monday,  May  25— YOUTH  DAY 
6:45  p.m. — Patriotic  Music  Festival,  Muhlenberg  Sta- 
dium. 4,000  Boys  and  Girls  of  the  Allen- 
town  Public  Schools,  under  the  direction 
of  Miss  Mildred  Kemmerer. 
8  :45  p.  m. — First  Presentation  of  the  Bicentennial  Pag- 
eant, "For  God  and  Country." 

Tuesday,  May  26 
WOMEN'S  DAY 
2:30  p.m. — Muhlenberg    College    Woman's    Auxiliary, 
College  Chapel. 
Address:  Mrs.  F.  H.  Knubel. 
6:30  p.m. — Muhlenberg  Alumnae  Dinner,  College  Com- 
mons. 
8 :00  p.  m. — Patriotic  Rally,  Muhlenberg  Field. 

Speaker:  Mrs.  Franklin  D.  Roosevelt. 
8 :45  p.  m. — Bicentennial     Pageant,     'Tor     God     and 
Country." 

Wednesday,  May  27 
CITY  OF  ALLENTOWN  DAY 
8 :30  p.  m. — Remarks :  Mayor  George  F.  Erich,  Mayor 
of  the  City  of  Allentown. 
Address:  Judge  Richard  W.  Iobst,  Presi- 
dent Judge  of  the  Lehigh  County  Courts. 
8 :45  p.  m. — Bicentennial     Pageant,     'Tor     God     and 
Country." 

Thursday,  May  28 
BROTHERHOOD  DAY 
7:00  p.m. — Unveiling  of  the  Statue  of  Major  General 
John  Peter  Gabriel  Muhlenberg  in  Front 
of  Library  Building. 
Address : 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Frederick  A.  Muhlenberg 
Presentation  of  the  Roll  of  Honor  of  Muhlen- 
berg Men  now  in  their  Country's  Armed 
Forces. 


Address:  William  S.  Hudders  '26 
8 :45  p.  m. — Bicentennial     Pageant,     "For     God 
Country." 


AND 


Friday,  May  29 
ALUMNI  DAY 
10:00  a.  m. — Junior  Oratorical  Contest,  West  Hall  Audi- 
torium. 
4:00  p.m. — Senior  Class  Day,  Muhlenberg  Stadium. 
6 :30  p.  m. — Joint  Reunion  Dinner  for  Alumni,  Campus 
Tent. 
Speakers:  Dr.  John  D.  M.  Brown  '06 
Senator  James  J.  Davis 
8:45  p.m. — Bicentennial    Pageant,     "For     God    and 
Country." 

Saturday,  May  30 
NATIONAL  DAY 
7 :00  p.  m. — National  Day  Program  of  the  Bicentennial 
Week. 
Speakers:    The    Honorable    Sam   Ray- 
burn,    Speaker    of    the    United    States 
House  of  Representatives;  The  Honor- 
able   Prentice    Cooper,    Governor   of 
Tennessee. 
Introduction:     The     United     States 
Muhlenberg  Bicentennial  Com- 
mission. 
8 :45  p.  m. — Bicentennial     Pageant,     "For     God    and 
Country." 

Sunday,   May  31— BACCALAUREATE  DAY 
3 :30  p.  m. — Baccalaureate    Service,    Gideon   F.    Egner 
Memorial  Chapel. 
Sermon:  Dr.  Paul  E.  Scherer,  Pastor, 
The  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  of  the 
Holy  Trinity,  New  York  City. 
Dedication  of  the  Oscar  F.  Bernheim  Win- 
dow. 

Monday,  June  1 
COMMENCEMENT  DAY 
10:00  a.m. — 75th  Commencement  of  Muhlenberg  Col- 
lege. 
Speaker:   Sir  Angus   Fletcher,   British 
Statesman  and  Man  of  Letters. 


Portraits  of  the  members  of  the  Muhlenberg  family  and  scores  of  items  from  their  pioneer  homes  are  on  display 
through  the  Bicentennial  Week  in  the  Muhlenberg  Library  through  the  cooperation  of  their  descendants  and  several 
historical  groups. 

Campus  visitors  are  also  invited  to  tour  the  College  buildings  where  special  displays  have  been  arranged  to  show  the 
scope  of  the  educational  work  of  this  institution,  a  memorial  to  the  Muhlenbergs. 


20] 


General  Paving  Company 


FOR  GOD  AND  COUNTRY 

The  Muhlenberg  Bicentennial  Pageant 


Written  by  John  D.  M.  Brown  '06  Litt.D. 
A  John  B.  Rogers  Production 

Business  Direction,  William  Munsy 

Staged  by  William  Marlatt 

Assistant  Directors,  Andrew  H.  Erskine,  Robert  E.  Albee  '42 

Musical  Director,  Harold  K.  Marks  '07  Mus.D. 

The  Chronicler — Karl  Hinnerscheetz 


Chorales  played  by  The  Bach  Trombone  Choir  of  Bethlehem,  Pa. 


George  Sigley,  leader 
Earl  Bruch 
Grant  Cressman 
Bernard   Beitel 


James  R.  Ahearn  '45 
Robert  M.  Bauers  '43 
Willard  Christman  '42 
John  W.  Dowler  '45 
Howard  E.  Funk  '44 
Arthur  L.  Getz  '45 
Martin  Rothenberger  '42 
C.  Wilfred   Steffy  '42 
Robert  Wuchter  '42 
Lowell  P.  Yund  '44 


Lester  C.  Bailey 
Horace   O.   Beebe 
Russell  H.  Best 
Clinton  B.  Bodine 
John  F.  Brader 
Arthur  E.   Carter 
Herbert   F.   Conrad 
Clarence  A.  Conrad 
William  H.  Givler 
H.   G.  Grim 


Frederick    Sawyer 
William  Miller 
Spurgeon   Sigley 


Richmond   Myers 
Samuel  Gapp 
Fred   Mease 


THE  PAGEANT  CHOIR 
Muhlenberg  College  Chapel  Choir 


Richard  Hoffert  '44 
Maurice  J.  Hart  '43 
Warren  S.  Harding  '43 
Frederick  A.  Heuer  '44 
Robert  G.  Holben  '42 
Robert  H.  Kichline  '45 
John  L.  Smale  '42 
Jacob  J.   Schofer  '45 
Glen  H.  Wampole  '44 


Bennett  H.  Kindt  '42 
Ervin  R.  Kishbaugh   '44 
Donald  Larrimer  '44 
Harland  G.  Leeland  '45 
Ivan   G.  Mattern  '44 
Edward  F.  Muller  '45 
William   Stults  '43 
Dean  E.  Tyson  '45 
Gerald  P.  Wert  '42 


BICENTENNIAL  MALE  CHORUS 
(Including  the  Lehigh  Consistory  Chorus) 

Herbert   F.   Gernert  '05  Thomas  Schrader 

Herbert  W.  Guth  Henry  L.  Shelly 

A.  E.  lander  Edward  L.  Shover 

Owen  J.  Jones  Guy  J.   Smoyer 

George  R.  Kimmel  H.  Lloyd  Swavely 

John  Kline  Andrew  Tallman 

Clarence  Metzger  Walter   Unangst 

Raymond  Miller  A.  F.  Wagaman 

Allen  G.  Rauch  F.  R.  Warmkessel 

MUSIC  BY  THE  CHOIRS 


Matthew  Morris 
Ellwood  Miller 
Harry   Miller 
Irwin   Cressman 


LeRoy  Ziegenfuss  '44 
Arnold  Petry  '44 
H.  E.  Pfeifer  '43 
Elwood  W.  Reitz  '42 
Lester  Stoneback   '43 
Vern  E.  Snyder  '42 
Alvin   Shiffer  '43 
Edwin  E.  Wisser  '42 
David  P.  Weber  '45 
Daniel  Zimmerman  '43 


Edgar  W.  Weaver 
Myron  R.  Wehr 
H.  Elmer  Weidner 
George  W.  Wing 
Robert  Yeomans 
G.  Donald  Marks  '15 
William  Miller 
Richard  Miller  '36 
Russell  Beazley  '34 
G.  LeRoy  Faust 


Chorales 

Fathers  of  the  Church,  O  hear  us  Words  by  Dr.  J.  D.  M.  Brown  '06,  Tune — Storl 

If  Thou  But  Suffer  God  to  Guide  Thee 
Now  Thank  We  All  Our  God 
O  Morning  Star,  How  Fair  and  Bright 
Come,   Holy   Spirit,   God  and  Lord 

Dawn    and    Desire    


Sing  Praise  to  God  Who  Reigns  Above 
All  Glory  Be  to  God  on  High 
Lord  Keep  Us  Steadfast  in  Thy  Word 
A  Mighty  Fortress  is  Our  God 


Words  by  Arthur  Freitag,  '21,  Music  by  H.  K.  Marks  '07 

VOICES  OF  PERSONAGES  IN  THE  PAGEANT 


DR.  FRANCKE  Edwin  Wisser  '42 

HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

John  Metzger  '42  and  Robert  E.  Albee  '42 

MRS.  FRANCKE  Mrs.  Thomas  A.  Jacks 

MAID  Mrs.  Edward  J.  Fiuck 

DR.  ZIEGENHAGEN  Robert  E.  Albee  '42 

CAPTAIN  McCLELLAN  H.  Edmund  Pfeifer  '43 

SAILOR  Robert  Wuchter  '42 

LAWYER   Professor  Truman   Koehler   '24 

INNKEEPER  Robert   Holben   '42 

PHILIP  BRANDT  Robert  Wuchter  '42 


ELDER  Robert  E.  Albee  '42 

JUDGE  ALLEN  Robert  Holben  '42 

PETER   MUHLENBERG  Edwin   Wisser  '42 

FREDERICK  MUHLENBERG  H.  Edmund  Pfeifer  '43 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON   Paul  Candalino   '43 

ROBERT  WRIGHT  Edwin  Wisser  '42 

PRESIDENT  MUHLENBERG  Robert  Holben  '42 

MRS.  HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Mrs.  Truman  Koehler 
VOICE  FROM  THE  ATTACKING  SHIP 

Robert  Wuchter  '42 


Americus  Hotel 


[21 


FOR  GOD  AND  COUNTRY 

PROLOGUE 

SCENE  ONE 

Luther  at  Wittenberg 

Martin  Luther  in  the  garb  of  an  Augustinian  monk  nails  his  famous  theses  upon  the  oaken  door  of  the  Castle  Church 
at  Wittenberg,  October  31,  1517. 

MARTIN  LUTHER  The  Reverend  Conrad  Wilker,  D.D. 


SCENE  TWO 
Luther  at  the  Diet  of  Worms 

Martin  Luther  makes  his  heroic  stand  for  freedom  of  conscience  and  for  liberty  before  Emperor  Charles  V  at  Worms. 
The  bishop's  palace  is  thronged  with  representatives  of  Church  and  Empire.  April  18,  1521. 


MARTIN  LUTHER  The  Reverend  Conrad  Wilker,  D.D. 

EMPEROR  CHARLES  V  Earle  Swank  '43 

JOHANN  VON  ECK  Myron  Kabo  '42 

FATHER  GLAPION  Charles  Hlavac  '45 

ALEANDER,  PAPAL  NUNTIUS  Harold  Benjamin  '42 

GATTINARA,  IMPERIAL  CHANCELLOR 

William    Hough    '44 
ARMSDORF,   IMPERIAL   CHAMBERLAIN 

George   Berghorn   '42 

ELECTOR  RICHARD  OF  TRIER  Richard  Baureithel  '43 

BISHOP  OF  AUGSBURG  Kenneth  Walker  '43 

BISHOP  OF  BRANDENBURG  Robert  Frey  '45 

ARCHBISHOP  ALBRECHT  OF  MAINZ    ...  Charles  Keira  '42 
IMPERIAL   HERALD   Creighton   Faust   '43 


ULRICH   VON  PAPPENHEIM  John  More  '45 

GEORG   VON    FREUNDSBURG   Paul   Arner   '43 

DR.  HIERONYMUS  SCHURF  Arthur  DiMartini  '45 

GEORG   SPALATIN   George   Woodley   '44 

DUKE  ERICH  OF  BRAUNSCHWEIG  Ray  Schmoyer  '42 

MARGRAVE  JOACHIM  OF  BRANDENBURG 

Richard  Zellers  '43 

LANDGRAVE  PHILIP  OF  HESSE  Arlan  Bond  '42 

DUKE  GEORG  OF  SAXONY  David  Jaxheimer  '44 

FRIEDRICH   VON   THUN Donald  Martin  '44 

DUKE   GEORG  OF  WERTHEIM   Richard   Betz   '42 

JUSTUS  JONAS  Spiro  Chiaparas  '42 

DR.   HIERONYMUS   VEHUS  Earl  Repp   '44 


SCENE  THREE 

Devast.ation  of  the  Rhine  Valley 

Soldiers  of  the  armies  of  Louis  XIV  drive  helpless,  terrified  Rhenish  Palatinate  peasants  from  their  burning  homes 
and  villages.  The  flames  of  conflagrations  light  the  sky  with  a  lurid  red.  Late  Seventeenth  Century. 

Phyllis  Rose,  Marie  Mertz,  Betty  Miller,  Dorothy  Nadig, 
Georgia  Callahan,  Phyllis  Bauer,  Ruth  Bridwell,  Joan  Feukan, 
Annemae  Erney,  Marian  Weldner,  Muriel  Oherson,  May 
Sterner,  Clarice  Hamilton,  Geraldine  Pellettieri,  Dorothy 
Sanders,  Adele  Joseph,  Jeanne  Laubach,  Ruth  Fellencer,  June 
A.  Urffer,  Frances  Adams,  Ann  Rosenau,  Vivian  Cass,  Joan 
Casteline,  Ann  Villard,  Mary  Laudenslager,  Jean  Kulp,  Claire 
Lunda,  Dorothy  Wilmer,  Patricia  Crawford,  Miriam  Howet, 
Patricia  Herrity,  Doris  Drommes,  Marjorie  Haaf,  Emma  Jane 
Bray,  Anne  Popek,  Dorothy  Ross,  Joy  Barter,  Justine  Mc- 
Candless,  Edna  Siegfried,  Constance  Reichard,  Alma  Kerstet- 
ter,  Helen  Moore,  Doris  Kutz,  Helen  Beer,  Jean  Litts,  Emma 
Dalmas,  Thelma  Eberly,  Jean  Mulhern,  Margaret  Schuler, 
Madlyn  Leibensperger,  Elsie  Chondor,  Esther  Perin,  Miriam 
Hersh,  Doris  Johnson,  Shirley  Wessner,  Betty  Quinn,  Betty 
Apgar,  Barbara  Hineline,  Rovine  Bretz,  Bettie  Moyer,  Janice 
Glose,  Warren  M.  Wenner  II,  James  Lester,  Harry  Swoper, 
Claude  Baum,  Althea  Werner,  Dorothy  Frankenfield,  Frances 
Bachert,  Joe  Hacker,  Joe  Kmetz,  Joe  lacocca. 


FRENCH  OFFICER  George  Schmidt  '45 

FRENCH  SOLDIERS— Howard  Baily  '44,  Edward  Bossick  '43, 
Ben  Celian  '44,  Frank  Zindel  '44,  Joseph  Windish  '43,  Henry 
Wetherhold  '45. 
PEASANTS — William  Kanehann,  Charles  Quinn,  Lido  lacocca, 
Nathan  Kline,  David  Hacket,  Jr.,  William  HoUenbach,  Charles 
McGee,  Louis  E.  Krieg,  Jr.,  George  Selfries,  Jr.,  William  J. 
Speer,  Robert  C.  Neubauer,  Edward  Fritchman,  Luther  Frantz, 
Robert  H.  Vogel,  Herbert  Gernert,  Dick  Heller,  Gordon 
Miller,  John  Reagen,  James  C.  Eisele,  Al  Jenkins,  Norman 
Ensrud,  Floyd  Moschini,  William  Bright,  George  Rutt,  Theo- 
dore Uhle,  Walter  Ungerer,  Richard  Funk,  Paul  R.  Buehler, 
Stanley  Watson,  Fred  Hacket,  George  Gutekunst,  Richard 
Tallinger,  Sylvia  Garfinkel,  Marjorie  Flohr,  Florence  Baize, 
Mary  Ellen  Belles,  Joann  Garland,  Joyce  Peck,  Madeline 
Neil,  Alice  Tallmadge,  Helen  Hess,  Mary  Jane  Heckman, 
Edith  Siegel,  Betty  Andreas,  Dawn  Goheen,  Grace  Bader, 
Leah  Williams,  Anne  Brown,  Henrietta  Miller,  Ruth  Reinoehl, 
Violet  Nabhan,  Samila  Joseph,  Ruth  Hiller,  Pat  Callisto, 
Margaret  Becker,    Dottie   Wint,   Kay   Ritter,   Bette   Lenhart, 


SCENE  FOUR 
Penn's  Treaty  with  the  Indians 

Against  the  background  of  deep  forests,  William  Penn  makes  his  celebrated  treaty  with  the  Indians  at  Philadelphia. 
This  treaty  of  peace  and  friendship  contrasts  with  the  preceding  scene  of  warfare  and  hatred.  Autumn  1682. 


WILLIAM  PENN  The  Reverend  Corson  C.  Snyder  '17 

CHIEF  SACHEM  TAMINEND  Harry  Becker  '43 

CHIEF  OF  MINGOES  Edgar  Brown  '43 

CHIEF  OF   SHAWNEES  Paul   Gebert  '45 

QUAKERS 

JAMES  PRICE  Hugh  McGee  '45 

JAMES  LOGAN  Ellis  Johnson  '43 

THOMAS   HOLMES  David  Barbieri  '44 

THOMAS  STORY  Thompson   Ferrier  '44 


THOMAS   LLOYD   Daniel   Prescott   '44 

WILLIAM  MARKHAM  Robert  Gilbert  '44 

CHRISTOPHER  TAYLOR  Milton  Donin  '42 

WARRIORS — George  Hawkins  '42,  Berton  Sexton  '42,  Denny 
Beattie  '43,  Robert  Kroll  '44,  LeRoy  Ziegenfuss  '44,  William 
Van  Ness  '42,  Calvin  Loew  '43,  Frank  Newman  '43,  Thomai 
Miller  '45,  James  Major  '44,  Charles  Goodall  '44,  Walter 
Menzel  '44,  Allan  Stead  '44,  Henry  Wacker  '42,  William 
A.  Smith  '45. 


22] 


Louis  F.  Neuweiler's  Sons — Mack  Manufacturing  Corporation 


SCENE  FIVE 

Palatinate  Refugees  Come  to  Pennsylvania 

Driven  from  their  homes  by  European  Wars  and  Persecution,  a  long  procession  of  men,  women,  and  children  in 
peasant  attire,  passes  slowly  through  the  dense  forests  of  Pennsylvania.  They  are  Lutheran  refugees  from  the  Palatinate 
seeking  peace  and  freedom  in  William  Penn's  fields  and  woodlands.  Early  Eighteenth  Century. 

PEASANTS  OF  SCENE  THREE 

THE  PAGEANT 

EPISODE  ONE 

The  Great  Decision 

September  6,  MM— Halle 

A  scene  in  the  home  of  The  Reverend  Doctor  Gotthilf  August  Francke,  Senior  Professor  of  the  Theological  Faculty 
at  Halle,  and  Director  of  the  Orphan  House.  Doctor  and  Mrs.  Francke  greet  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg  as  their  guest 
on  his  thirtieth  birthday.  The  cause  of  American  Missions  is  presented  to  the  young  preacher.  He  makes  his  great  decision 
to  go  to  Pennsylvania  to  serve  as  Halle's  Missionary  to  the  scattered  Lutheran  Colonists. 

DOCTOR   FRANCKE   Harold   Helfrich,   Jr.   '44  MAID   Mrs.   Ira   F.  Zartman 

MRS.  FRANCKE  Mrs.  Truman  Koehler  HENRY    MELCHIOR   MUHLENBERG 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19 

EPISODE  TWO 

The  Great  Commission 

May  24,  \U2— London 

In  the  residence  of  the  Lutheran  Court  Preacher  of  George  II,  the  distinguished  Doctor  Ziegenhagen,  Muhlenberg 
receives  his  formal  call  to  the  three  united  Evangelical  Lutheran  Congregations  in  Philadelphia,  New  Hanover,  and  New 
Providence.  Doctor  Ziegenhagen  takes  passage  for  him  on  the  Georgia  Packet  Boat,  bound  for  Charleston  under  convoy 
of  an  English  man-of-war,  since  England  is  at  war  with  Spain. 

DOCTOR  ZIEGENHAGEN   Raymond   Fetter  '42  HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19 

EPISODE  THREE 

Through  Perils  on  the  Sea 

July,  1 742 — On  Board  a  Small  Two-Masted  Vessel 

Passengers  and  crew  of  the  Georgia  Packet  Boat,  a  small  brigantine  armed  merchantman,  prepare  to  defend  their  ship 
against  Spanish  privateers.  Muhlenberg  displays  great  bravery  and  calmness  in  the  hour  of  peril,  and  shows  his  ability  to  face 
a  dangerous  situation  with  courage  and  faith  in  God. 

HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  THEIR    CHILDREN— William   Zartman,    Rhea    Joy    Koehler, 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19  Truman  Koehler,  Jr. 

CAPTAIN   McCLELLAN   Frederick   Roediger   '43  CUSTOMS   OFFICER   John   Dietterle   '45 

SSITA^"  i'^^F^^^'^  '^'""'"   Leopold   '43  LAWYER   Wilmer   Cressman   '42 


DRUMMER   BOY   Robert  Cox   '45 

SPANISH   COOK  James  Keiter  '43 

BOATSWAIN   Bertram   Gilbert  '43 


FOUR   TAILORS— Harold    Knauss    '42,    Paul    Kemmerer    '42, 
Thomas   Meredith   '42,   Kirk   Odencrantz  '43. 


SAILORS-George  Sweda  '43,  John  Bisset  '42,  Al.  Zuzzio  '44,  MERCHANT   Charles   Woodworth    44 

Richard  Geissler  '45,  B.  Krimmel  '43,  William  Richards  '44,  YOUNG  MAN   Rodney  Arner    44 

R.  Krimmel  '44,  Charles  Burrell  '43.  AN  ENGLISH  LADY  Mrs.  Edward  J.   Fluck 

SALZBURG  PEASANTS  Doctor  and  Mrs.  H.  H.  Reichard  HER  MAID  Mrs.  Ira  F.  Zartmao 

EPISODE  FOUR 

Landing  in  America 

September  23,  MM— On  the  Wharf  at  Charles  Town 

Muhlenberg  sets  foot  at  last  on  American  soil.  He  meets  some  of  his  countrymen  who  lament  the  lack  of  services  in 
their  own  language.  He  also  sees  for  the  first  time  negro  slaves,  and  expresses  his  concern  for  those  Christians  who  bring 
their  fellowmen  into  bondage. 

HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  ENGLISH   SOLDIERS— John  Elliot  '43,  Howard  Yarns  '43 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19  NEGRO   SLAVES— Herbert  Lindsay,   Samuel   Brantley 

^"^^M^^fr^""    ^^"''="''    '+'•    Frederick    Johnson    '44,    Lee  ENGLISH   MERCHANT  Charles  Woodworth  '44 

Miller    44 

ENGLISH    SAILORS— Lee    Van    Horn    '43,    Robert    E.    Neu- 


CAPTAIN   CHILD  George   Rizos  '44 


meyer  '42  PASSENGERS  AND   SAILORS  OF  EPISODE  THREE 

The  Allentoiun  Dairy  Company — Sears,  Roebuck  and  Company 


[23 


EPISODE  FIVE 

Pastor  in  Pennsylvania 

Scene  1 :  Within  an  English  Inn  in  Philadelphia  .  .  .  November  25,  1742 

Muhlenberg  arrives  as  a  stranger  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia.  He  inquires  of  the  innkeeper  the  location  of  two  of  his 
congregations,  New  Hanover  and  New  Providence,  and  is  directed  to  these  places  by  a  Lutheran  from  that  part  of  the 
country,  who  is  in  the  inn  at  that  time. 

INNKEEPER  Donald  Watkins  '44  CITIZENS— Harold   Knauss   '42,   Pern   Anthony   '44,   William 

PHILLIP  BRANDT  Louis   Steinbach   '45  Bradley  '42,  Erwin  Funk  '45,  Harold   Stout  '45,  Paul   Stein- 

HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  k    „  '/t 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19  "^      ' 

EPISODE  FIVE 

Scene  2:  Interior  of  the  Log  Church  at  "The  Swamp,"  New  Hanover. 

Muhlenberg  speaks  to  the  congregation  at  New  Hanover,  and  administers  The  Lord's  Supper  to  many  communicants 
at  Christmas.  The  Elders  and  Deacons  of  New  Hanover  and  New  Providence  congregations  accept  Muhlenberg  as  their 
pastor;  an  Elder  reads  the  document  acknowledging  the  obligations  of  the  congregations  to  their  new  minister.  Members 
of  the  congregation  greet  the  new  pastor  with  the  right  hand  of  fellowship.  December  25,  1742. 

The  pewter  communion  service  used  in  the  Pageant  has  been  lent  by  Western  Salisbury   (Jerusalem)   Church,  organized  1741. 

HENRY   MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  WOMEN    OF   THE   CONGREGATION— Mrs.    Vernon   Hen- 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19  ninger,  Mrs.  Clarence  Gilbert,  Mrs.  Bertha  A.  Bickel,  Mrs. 

PHILLIP  BRANDT  Louis  Steinbach  '45  Charles  S.  Troxell,  Mrs.  Robert  R.  Fritsch,  Mrs.  Hiram  K. 

V  i^i'lv^JiPir  ^E^^?S^~     p     *  T  TT     ui       .,i  Singer,   Mrs.  Carrie   E.   Parnell,   Mrs.   Stanley  Kramer,   Mrs. 

V.^LENTINE   GEIGER   Professor   Truman   Koehler    24  u   C     1    a     i-     u        »«       r.   i   u  n    r      n  »«       ur  r^ 

CHRISTOPHER  WITHMAN  H.  Hemphill  '45  ""!'"'  '\/"!!"j  '^'!-  ^^'P''  ^.'/^"i^""'  ^rs    Warren  C. 

MATTHIAS   RINGER   Samuel   Jaxheimer   '43  Hemley,  Mrs.  Robert  A.  Boyer,  Miss  Florence  Wenner,  Mrs. 

PETER   CONRAD   Warren   Bieber   '44  Edward  G.  Fluck,  Miss  Salome  Dillinger,  Mrs.  E.  B.  Everitt, 

J.ACOB   .AISTER  Dean   Robert   C.   Horn   '00  Miss   Aline   Dillinger,   Mrs.  John   D.   M.   Brown,   Mrs.   John 

MARTIN   KEBLINGER W.  A.  Hardy  '45  V.    Shankweiler,    Mrs.    Walter    H.    Gross,    Mrs.    Preston    F. 

GEORGE  JURGER  Harold  Humphrey  '43  Everett,  Mrs.   George  H.  Brandes,  Miss  Annette  R.  Austin, 

JOHN  NICOL.  GROESSMAN  Paul  Himmelberger  '45  ^^^    Russell  W.  Stine,  Mrs.  Stanley  L.  Harter,  Mrs.  Samuel 

^^^^^ul^^^^^^'^^^^^^  IK      .  k'";^/'"'''  '11  Duld,   Miss   Mary   A.   Funk,   Mrs.   William   G.   Vogel,   Mrs. 

JOHN   BEUTER   John   Schmitthenner   '42  „•          t     t   u             \/i       tu             u    ait     u        c       \^       \t    i 

NICHOLAUS  BITTEL Joseph  Schlegel  '42  Victor  L.  Johnson,  Mrs.  Thomas  H.  Weaber,  Sr.,  Mrs.  V.  J. 

GEORGE  GROESSMAN  Donald  Kaag  '44  Dion. 

JACOB  MILLER  Henry   Harner  '44  CHILDREN  OF  THE  CONGREGATION— Rhea  Joy  Koehler, 

JOHN  GEORGE  GROESSMAN  G.  Weir  Cressman  '42  Truman  Koehler,  Jr.,  Dorothy  Stine,  William  Zartman,  Grace 

FRIEDERICH  REICHERT  Dr.   Harry  H.  Reichard  E.  Shankweiler,  Bruce  E.  Shankweiler. 

EPISODE   SIX 

Frontier  Missionary:   1743 

Scene   1 :    Muhlenberg  rides  through  the  wilderness  of  Pennsylvania  to  bring  God's  Word  and  Sacraments  to  scattered 

congregations,  and  to  families  along  the  wide  frontier. 
Scene  2:    Conrad  Weiser  and  his  four  sons,  with  Indian  Chiefs  and  braves,  greet  Muhlenberg,  the  frontier  missionary,  in 
a  clearing  in  the  forest  primeval  of  Pennsylvania  near  the  Tulpehocken.  Muhlenberg  is  given  a  name  of  honor  by  the 

Indian  chief. 

CONRAD  WEISER— The  Reverend  Conrad  Weiser  Raker  '34  CONRAD  WEISER'S  SONS— 

(great-great-great  grandson  of  Conrad  Weiser).  ^^^ick ::-:::=:::::::::.  ^^nai^l^t^  'II 

HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  PETER Paul  Corbiere 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19  SAMUEL   William  Zartman 

INDIANS  OF  SCENE  FOUR  OF  THE  PROLOGUE 

Scene  3:    Interior  of  a  frontier  home  along  the  Tulpehocken.  Muhlenberg  weds  Anna  Maria  Weiser.  April  22,  1745. 
Brunnholz  and  Schaum,  newly-arrived  co-workers  from  Halle,  are  witnesses  to  this  marriage  ceremony. 

MRS.  CONRAD  WEISER  Mrs.  Preston  A.  Barba  PASTOR  PETER  BRUNNHOLZ  Eric  Walter  '43 

ANNA  MARIA  WEISER  Stella  Boyko  JOHN   SCHAUM   Hugh  Brown   '42 

MARGARET   WEISER   Betty    Stine  MUHLENBERG,  CONRAD  WEISER  AND  HIS  SONS,  FROM 

PASTOR  TOBIAS  WAGNER  Kenneth  Maurer  '42  SCENE  2. 

EPISODE  SEVEN 

Consecration  of  Trappe  Church 

October  6,  1745 — Trappe,  Pennsylvania  {New  Providence) 

With  impressive  ceremonies,  Augustus  Church,  the  new  stone  sanctuary  at  Trappe,  is  dedicated  by  Muhlenberg  and 
his  associates.  This  permanent  church  stands  as  the  first  fruits  of  the  patriarch's  labors  in  the  American  vineyard. 

24] 


HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Earle   H.  Weinsheimer  '19 

PASTOR  LAWRENCE  T.  NYBERG  Jack  SnauflFer  '43 

PASTOR  JOHN  SCHAUM  Hugh  Brown  '42 

PASTOR  PETER  BRUNNHOLZ  Eric  Walter  '43 

PASTOR  TOBIAS  WAGNER  Kenneth   Maurer  '42 

PHILLIP   BRANDT   Louis    Steinbach    '45 

DEACONS  AND  ELDERS  FROM  EPISODE  FIVE,  SCENE  2. 
WOMEN    OF    THE    CONGREGATION     FROM    EPISODE 
FIVE,  SCENE  2. 


MEMBERS  OF  THE  CONGREGATIONS  AT  TRAPPE  AND 
NEW  HANOVER: 

ADAM   WARTMAN  Warren   Mohr,  Jr.   '45 

JACOB  EPLER  Robert  OhI  '45 

ABRAHAM  WARTMAN  Donald  S.  Holmes  '45 

HANS  ROTHERMEL  Charles  Huber  '44 

JOHANNES   APPEL   Harold    Stewart   '44 

HENRY    PENNEBACKER   William   Barba    '44 

KILIAN  KATIE  Nadis  Kershner  '42 


EPISODE  EIGHT 

Organization  of  the  Ministerium 

August  14,  1748 — St.  Michael's  Church,  Philadelphia 

Pastors  and  delegates  of  the  congregations  in  Pennsylvania  and  elsewhere  meet  in  St.  Michael's  Church  to  consecrate 
this  House  of  God,  and  to  organize  the  first  synod  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  America.  John  Kurtz  is  ordained  to  the 
office  of  the  Holy  Ministry  by  the  laying  on  of  hands  of  the  officiating  clergymen. 

HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  Fluck  '45;  ANDREAS  KEPNER  (New  Hanover),  Wesley 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19  Jones;    HEINRICH    RITTER    (Upper    Milford),    Donald 

JOHN   KURTZ  Jack   High   '42  Lindenmuth;  BALTHES  BEIL   (Saccum),  Beverly  Keller; 

SWEDISH  PROVOST  JOHN  SANDIN  ....  Norman  Keller  '42  ANDREAS  BEYER    (North   Kill),   Francis  A.  Boyer  '44; 

PASTOR  JOHN  HARTWIG  Lee  Snyder  '42  ABRAHAM  LAUCK  (Tulpehocken),  Leonard  W.  Wether- 

PASTOR  JOHN  F.  HANDSCHUCH  Paul  Kidd  '42  hold   '42;   JACOB   LEITNER    (Earltown:   New   Holland), 

MAGISTER  GABRIEL  NASEMAN   Eugene  Kutz  '43  Kenneth  Heberling '45 ;  CHRISTOPHER  TRENKEL  (Lan- 

PASTOR  PETER  BRUNNHOLZ  Eric  Walter  '43  caster),    Edward    Halperin    '45;    JOHN    GROTHAUSEN 

DELEGATES    FROM    TEN    CONGREGATIONS:  (Germantown),  Roger  M.  Voipe '45 ;  JOHN  SCHWINGEL 

FREDERICK     MARSTELLER      (New     Providence),     Louis  (Philadelphia),  Joseph  A.  Peters  '44. 


EPISODE  NINE 

Sending  His  Sons  to  Halle 

April  27,  1763 

In  front  of  the  parsonage  in  Philadelphia,  Muhlenberg  entrusts  his  three  young  sons  to  the  care  of  Chief  Justice  Wil- 
liam Allen  on  their  journey  to  Halle  by  way  of  London.  After  a  farewell  admonition  from  their  father  and  a  blessing  by 
a  family  friend,  Provost  Wrangel,  Peter,  Frederick,  and  Henry  bid  farewell  to  their  sisters,  Eve,  Margaret,  and  Mary. 
rheir  mother  accompanies  them  to  the  boat.  (Allentown  is  nimed  for  Judge  Allen  who  lived  in  Trout  Hall.) 


HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19 

JUDGE  WILLIAM  ALLEN  Luther  Bachman  '28 

PROVOST  CHARLES  MAGNUS  WRANGEL 

Herbert  Dowd  '43 

MAN  SERVANT  Bernard  Neumeyer  '43 

PETER  MUHLENBERG,  AGE  16  William  E.  Young  '45 


FREDERICK  MUHLENBERG,  AGE   13 

Bruce  E.  Shankweiler 
HENRY  ERNST  MUHLENBERG,  AGE  9  ..  James  E.  Swain,  Jr. 

MRS.  HENRY  MUHLENBERG  Mrs.  James  E.  Swain 

EVE   MUHLENBERG,  AGE   15  Marjorie  Haaf 

MARGARET  MUHLENBERG,  AGE  12  Marion  Weldner 

MARY  MUHLENBERG,  AGE  7  Jan  Converse 


EPISODE  TEN 

Crowning  the  Work  in  Philadelphia 

June  25,  1769 

The  dedication  of  Zion's  Church,  largest  church  building  in  America.  A  solemn  procession  of  deacons  and  elders,  dele- 
gates and  ministers  enters  the  sanctuary  accompanied  by  the  governor  and  his  staff,  the  University  Provost  and  faculty, 
visiting  clergymen,  physicians  and  justices.  Muhlenberg  on  this  festive  occasion  addresses  "the  worshipful  convention." 

LUTHERAN  MINISTERS:  Menzel  '44;   JOHANNES  BIGLER,  Walter  A.   Feller  '44. 

HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  (Philadelphia),  Earle  REFORMED    CHURCH    VESTRYMEN— J.    R.    Plotnick    '43, 

H.    Weinsheimer    '19;    CHRISTOPHER    E.    SCHULTZE  William  Beisel  '45. 

(Philadelphia),   William    Muehlhauser   '43;    JOHN   LUD-  DEPUTY   GOVERNOR  JAMES   HAMILTON 

WIG  VOIGHT  (New  Hanover  &  Providence),  Ray  Turner  Donald  Mack  '44 

'42;  JACOB  BUSCHKIRCH  (Germantown),  Robert  Town-  PROVOST  OF  THE  UNIVERSITY   WILLIAM   SMITH 

send   '44;   JOHN   A.   KRUG    (Reading),   Harold   Schmoyer  Harry  Grace  '45 

'42;   JUSTUS   C.    HELMUTH    (Lancaster),   James    Duflfy  MEMBERS  OF  THE  FACULTY: 

'44;   JOHN   CASPER   STOEVER    (Lebanon),   Ernest   Fel-  WILLIAM   SHIPPEN,  JR Eugene   Kertis   '44 

lows   '42;   JOHN   KURTZ    (Tulpehocken),  Jack  High   '42;  JACOB   DUCHE  Robert   Burkart   '43 

WILLIAM  KURTZ  (Earltown:  New  Holland),  H.  Stanley  JAMES   WILSON   Arthur   Damask    '45 

Kramer  '45;  AUGUSTUS  F.  KUHN  (New  York),  William  JOHN  MORGAN  Charles  Simpson  '44 

Schneller  '42.  PRESBYTERIAN  MINISTERS 

DELEGATES    FROM    EPISODE   EIGHT  Murray  Kahn  '45,  Jack  Kistenmacher  '45 

DEACONS   AND   ELDERS   OF  ZION'S  LUTHERAN  ENGLISH    CHURCHMEN— Malcolm    Albright    '43,    Clarence 

CHURCH:  Kiernan  '42,  Linford  Stever  '42,  Maurice  Horn  '44. 

FREDERICK    KUHL,    Walter    Stolz    '43;    GEORGE    D.  PHYSICIANS  Albert  J.  Weiss  '42,  William  Walters  '42 

SECKEL,   Robert   Stahl   '44;    MARTIN   RAU,   Walter   E.  JUSTICES  Donald  Bistritz  '43,  Donald  Kuhnsman  '42 


[25 


CONGREGATION— Mrs.  Donald  Wilber,  Mrs.  Julianna  Eck- 
ert.  Miss  Stella  Brown,  Miss  Althea  Kulp,  Mrs.  Telford  Horn, 
Miss  Margaret  L.  Stewart,  Miss  Alma  Sechrist,  Miss  Beatrice 
Cortwright,  Miss  Grace  Metzler,  Miss  Pauline  Lutz,  Mrs. 
Mamie  Clauser,  Miss  Ruth  Wertman,  Mrs.  Miriam  Rabenold, 
Mrs.  Ada  Sensenbach,  Mrs.  W.  J.  Miller,  Miss  Ruth  B.  Keny- 


on,  Miss  Isabel  Brearley,  Miss  Rachael  Aaron,  Mrs.  Corinne 
Best,  Mrs.  Jacob  G.  Ortt,  Miss  Marion  Ruth,  Miss  Penelope 
Jones,  Wesley  Jones,  Beverley  Keller,  Kenneth  Heberling, 
Joseph  Peters,  Herman  Mayforth,  Jr. 
BRITISH  OFFICERS— Wayne  Keck  '44,  Frank  Jakobowski  '43, 
W.  Warren   Swenson  '44,  Roger   Volpe  '45. 


EPISODE  ELEVEN 

The  Fight  for  Liberty:   1776-1781 

Scene  1:    Within  the  Lutheran  Church,  Woodstock,  Virginia,  January,  1776 

Interior  of  a  small  country  church.  The  congregation  is  assembled  to  hear  an  epoch  making,  wartime  sermon  delivered 
by  their  young  minister,  Peter  Muhlenberg.  Most  of  the  men  are  in  civilian  attire,  but  some  are  wearing  Continental 
Army  uniforms.  Pastor  Muhlenberg  speaks  to  his  people  on  the  theme :  "There  is  a  time  to  pray  and  there  is  a  time  to  fight ; 
that  time  has  come  now."  Throwing  aside  his  black  ministerial  gown,  he  stands  before  his  people  in  the  uniform  of  a  Colonel 
in  the  Continental  Army  and  asks  the  men  of  his  congregation  to  follow  his  example,  to  enlist  in  the  fight  for  freedom. 

PETER  MUHLENBERG  John   Metzger    42  LIEUTENANT  COLONEL  ABRAHAM  BOWMAN,  Clark 

riviriAMS  FROVT  FPisnnF  tfn  Diefenderfer '42 ;  MAJOR  PETER  HELFENSTEIN,  Arthur 

CIVILIANS  FROM  EPISODE  TEN  g^^^^  ,^.  ADJUTANT  FRANCIS  SWAINE,  Preston  EI- 

OFFICERS    AND     SOLDIERS     OF     THE  CONTINENTAL  kis    '45;    SOLDIERS— William   Beard   '44,    Peter   Gorgone 

ARMY:  '43,  Bertram  Levinstone  '42,  Robert  G.  Hale  '45. 

EPISODE  ELEVEN 

Scene  2:    Interior  of  Trappe  Church,  August  4,  1776. 

One  month  after  the  signing  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  the  venerable  Pastor  Muhlenberg  addresses  soldiers 
of  the  Continental  Army,  enlisted  from  his  congregation.  He  admonishes  them  to  fight  bravely  for  their  country.  The 
departing  soldiers  are  deeply  moved  and  much  strengthened  by  the  words  of  their  beloved  preacher. 

HENRY   MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG  Grube  '45,  John  Gross  '44,  Donald  Gross  '45,  James  Feeman 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19  '44,  Franklin  Falk  '45,  Ted  Casper  '45,  Charles  Mortimer  '42, 

CONTINENTAL  SOLDIERS— Frederick  M.  Haas,  Jr.  '45,  Mar-  William  Evans  '44,  Joe  Costabile  '45,  Warren  Nafis  '43,  Alex 
tin  Shemella  '45,  Richard  Ornsteen  '45,  Gilbert  Kaskey  '45,  Busby  '42,  Russell  Kirk  '45,  Richard  Woodring  '44,  Kenneth 
Elmo  Miller  '44,  David  Gottlieb  '45,  Glenn  Neubauer  '43,  Stone  '44,  Albert  Grunow  '43,  William  Keck  '43,  James  Cramp- 
Robert  Wessner  '43,  William  Feller  '42,  Thomas  Jenkins  '44,  sey  '44,  Jack  Meyerdierks  '44,  Charles  Schiffert  '43,  Robert 
Raymond  Coward  '45,  Edward  Fenstermacher  '45,  George  Sell  Haldeman  '44,  James  Wetherhold  '44,  Charles  Seaman  '45, 
'42,  Jasper  lobst,  Mark  Reed,  Lloyd  Groner  '45,  William  Martin  Kaplan  '45,  Howard  Laubach  '42,  Arthur  Sweetzer 
Flail  '43,  Warren  Flower  '42,  Sam.  Tenneriello  '42,  Jeff  Fred-  '42,  Edward  Robertson  '42,  Nathan  McWalters  '45,  George 
erick  '43,  Joe  McKeane  '43,  John  Maxwell  '44,  Ivan  Mat-  Nittolo  '44,  Paul  Baize  '44,  Robert  Humphrey  '44,  Julius 
tern  '44,  Edward  Lukens  '44,  James  Klemmer  '45,  Matthew  Kreuzer,  Jr.  '45,  Martin  Shemella  '45,  Jacob  J.  Schofer  '45, 
Kerestes  '44,  William  Hrisko  '44,  James  Hemstreet  '44,  George  Peter  Cosier  '44. 

EPISODE  ELEVEN 

Scene  3:     The  retreat  past  Trappe  Church.  September  19,  1777. 

On  a  misty  September  night,  after  the  battle  of  Brandywine,  the  retreating  American  Army,  led  by  General  George 
Washington,  moves  slowly  to  the  sound  of  muffled  drums  past  Trappe  Church,  which  is  dimly  seen  in  the  background. 
General  Peter  Muhlenberg  comes  with  his  regiment,  but  dismounts  to  visit  briefly  with  his  father  and  his  wife  who  appear 
among  the  civilians  watching  the  soldiers  march  by. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON  James  McGinley  '45  OLD  .MEN— B.  F.  Levy  '42,  Alton  Hoffman  '45,  Carl  Newhart 

PETER  MUHLENBERG  John  Metzger  '42  '44,  Eugene  Laigon  '42,  Stanford  Kessler  '45. 

MRS.  PETER  MUHLENBERG  Mrs.  Thomas  A.  Jacks  TOWNSPEOPLE— Mrs.   Morris   Max,    Mrs.   Elias    M.   Lavin, 

^t?,^^^P^w„?i^'!^vf''^°'^  ..James  Bowen  '4S  ^rs.  Samuel  Neuman,  Mrs.  Morris  Griff,  Mrs.  Isadore  Mor- 

SiNRY^MEY^mOR''  MUHLeSbERG '"''"'  ""''^'"    ''  V^'  ^"-  '^^  7^^^''  ^"^  ^'  ^^'f -.'  ^^^  Jj^  ^-""f 

Earle   H    Weinsheimer  '19  Mrs.   Leon    Kessler,   Mrs.   Emanuel    Scoblionko,    Mrs.    Morris 

GENERAL  ANTHONY  WAYNE  Joseph   Fleischman  '45  Mayer,    Mrs.    Charles    Cohen,    Mrs.    David    Wolensky,    Mrs. 

AMERICAN  BUGLERS— Richard  Weidner  '43,  Wellace  Eberts  Harry  Elkin,  Mrs.  Edward  Coleman,  Mrs.  Irvmg  Schwartz. 

'43.  SOLDIERS  OF  SCENES  1  AND  2. 


EPISODE  ELEVEN 

Scene  4:    Christmas  in  the  Muhlenberg  home  at  Trappe.   December  26,  1777. 

A  small  room  in  the  home  of  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg  on  the  day  following  Christmas.  General  Peter  Muhlen- 
berg, wearing  a  heavy  military  cape  covered  with  snow,  risks  his  life  to  ride  home  from  Valley  Forge  in  order  to  spend 
Christmas  with  his  family.  He  urges  his  father  to  seek  the  safety  of  the  valley  of  the  Tulpehocken  beyond  Reading  but  the 
old  preacher  will  not  desert  his  post  or  his  people  in  their  hour  of  danger. 


MRS.  HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Mrs.  James  E.  Swain 
HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Earle  H.  Weiniheimer  '19 


PETER  MUHLENBERG  John   Metzger  '42 

MRS.  PETER  MUHLENBERG  Mrs.  Thomas  A.  Jacks 


26] 


EPISODE  ELEVEN 

Scene  5:    The  victory  at  Yorktown.  October  14,  1781. 

In  front  of  a  British  redoubt  at  Yorktown,  American  troops  of  Muhlenberg's  brigade  advance  slowly  and  silently  by 
night  under  the  command  of  General  Peter  Muhlenberg  and  Colonel  Alexander  Hamilton.  They  storm  the  strong  redoubt, 
and  thus  'brings  final  victory  to  American  arms.  On  the  parapet  of  the  fallen  redoubt  appears  the  American  Flag  in  the  light 
of  dawn.  Victorious  American  soldiers  acclaim  Generals  Washington,  Lafayette  and  Muhlenberg  as  they  join  in  the  song 
"America." 


GENERAL  GEORGE  WASHINGTON  ..  James  McGinley  '45 

GENERAL  PETER  MUHLENBERG  John  Metzger  '42 

ALEXANDER  HAMILTON  James  Bowen  '45 

LAFAYETTE  John   Smale  '42 

LAFAYETTE'S  AIDE  Louis  Smith  '45 


BRITISH   OFFICER  Paul  Candalino  '43 

BRITISH  SOLDIERS— John  Seedor  '43,  Herman  Schleifer  '45, 

Russell   Kirk   '45,   Edward   McManus   '43,   Victor   David   '43, 

Donald  Seeger  '45,  Ralph  Bagger  '45,  James  Remaley  '43. 

AMERICAN  SOLDIERS  AND  OFFICERS  OF  SCENES  1,  2, 

and  3. 


EPISODE  TWELVE 
The  End  of  the  Journey — 1787 

The  aged  patriarch  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  America  at  the  end  of  his  life  reviews  his  long  struggle  to  plant  the 
Church  in  the  American  wilderness,  and  bids  his  sons  and  daughters  carry  on  the  work  he  began.  He  asks  them  to  take  their 
places  in  the  new  commonwealth,  the  United  States  of  America.  Finally  with  trembling  hand  but  with  firm  faith  in  the 
future  he  writes  a  prayer  for  posterity.  His  sons,  Peter  (in  the  uniform  of  a  major  general  in  the  Continental  Army), 
Frederick  (in  the  attire  of  legislator  and  speaker  of  the  first  Congress),  and  Henry  Ernst  (in  clerical  gown),  exhibit  the 
several  fields  in  which  they  serve  Church  and  nation.  Mrs.  Muhlenberg  and  the  four  daughters,  seated  before  these  sons, 
exemplify  the  three  hierarchies  ordained  of  God :  the  home,  the  school,  the  Church. 


HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Earle  H.  Weinsheimer  '19 
MRS.  HENRY  MELCHIOR  MUHLENBERG 

Mrs.  James  E.  Swain 
JOHN   PETER   GABRIEL   MUHLENBERG 

John  Metzger  '42 
FREDERICK   AUGUSTUS   CONRAD   MUHLENBERG 

Doctor  James  E.  Swain 
GOTTHILF  HENRY  ERNST  MUHLENBERG 

Professor  Charles  Bowman 
EVE  ELIZABETH  MUHLENBERG  ...  Mrs.  Ira  F.  Zartman 
MARGARET  HENRIETTA  MUHLENBERG 

Mrs.  William  S.  Ritter 
MARY   CATHERINE   MUHLENBERG 

Mrs.  Harry  A.  Benfer 


MARIA   SALOME  MUHLENBERG,  Miss  Adelaide  Richards 

(Maria  Salome's  great  granddaughter) 
NOTE:  In  1787,  the  last  year  of  the  patriarch's  life,  all  his 
daughters  were  married.  Eve  was  the  wife  of  the  Reverend 
C.  Emanuel  Schulze,  an  eminent  Lutheran  clergyman.  Mar- 
garet also  was  a  minister's  wife;  her  husband,  the  Rever- 
end John  Christopher  Kunze,  preached  in  New  York  and 
taught  Oriental  languages  in  Columbia  College.  Mary  married 
Francis  Swaine,  Revolutionary  War  patriot  and  banker. 
Maria  Salome,  the  youngest  of  the  daughters,  was  the  wife 
of  Matthias  Richards,  nephew  of  the  first  treasurer  of  the 
LTnited  States  and  a  justice  in  Berks  County.  Her  grandson. 
Doctor  Matthias  Richards,  was  for  many  years  professor  of 
English   at  Muhlenberg  College. 


EPILOGUE 
Scene  1 :    Serving  the  Nation.  May  8,  1789. 

As  the  Chronicler  speaks  his  encomium  of  Henry  Melchior  Muhlenberg,  he  links  the  Pageant  with  the  Epilogue  which 
portrays  the  great  influence  of  the  Muhlenberg  family  in  building  our  America.  This  first  scene  shows  Frederick  Augustus 
Muhlenberg  as  Speaker  of  the  House  congratulating  George  Washington  upon  his  election  to  the  Presidency.  The  action 
takes  place  in  a  room  adjoining  the  Representatives'  Chamber  in  New  York  City. 


JOHN   PETER  MUHLENBERG  John   Metzger  '42 

(Pennsylvania) 

FREDERICK  MUHLENBERG  Doctor  James  E.  Swain 

(Pennsylvania) 

PRESIDENT  GEORGE  WASHINGTON 

James  McGinley  '45 

MEMBERS   OF   HOUSE   OF   REPRESENTATIVES: 
JAMES    MADISON,    Virginia,    Professor    Victor   L.  Johnson; 
RICHARD  LEE,  Virginia,  William  W.  Silliman;  THOMAS 


TUCKER,  South  Carolina,  George  H.  Lazarus;  HUGH 
WILLIAMSON,  North  Carolina,  John  Gilbert;  DANIEL 
CARROLL,  Maryland,  William  S.  Hudders  '26;  GEORGE 
CLYMER,  Pennsylvania,  Martin  F.  Dussinger;  ELBRIDGE 
GERRY,  Massachusetts,  John  K.  Heyl  '28;  ROGER  SHER- 
MAN, Connecticut,  Milton  Focht;  GEORGE  MATTHEWS, 
Georgia,  James  Bieret;  JOHN  LAURENCE,  New  York,  John 
Zimmerman;  ELIAS  BOUDINOT,  New  Jersey,  Clarence  Mus- 
selman;   FISHER  AMES,  Massachusetts,  Alfred  W.  Wentz. 


[27 


EPILOGUE 

Scene  2:    Serving  the  Church — The  evening  of  September  3,  1867. 

In  the  court  house  in  Allentown  the  dream  of  the  patriarch  is  at  last  fulfilled,  and  a  college  of  the  Lutheran  Church 
is  formally  opened.  His  distinguished  great-grandson,  Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg,  D.D.,  is  inducted  into  the  office  of 
president  of  the  new  college  which  bears  the  honored  name  of  the  family.  President  Muhlenberg  in  his  inaugural  address 
sets  forth  the  ideals  and  the  design  of  the  college. 


THE  HONORABLE  ROBERT  E.  WRIGHT— I.  R.  Mayer. 
FREDERICK  AUGUSTUS  MUHLENBERG— C.   S.  McElyea. 
FIRST  FACULTY  OF  MUHLENBERG  COLLEGE  REPRE- 
SENTED  BY   PRESENT   FACULTY   MEMBERS: 

THE  REVEREND  EDWARD  J.  KOONS,  A.M.,  Vice-President 
and  Professor  of  Mathematics. 

Luther  J.  Deck,  A.M.  '20,  Professor  of  Mathematics. 
THE  REVEREND  WILLIAM  R.  HOFFORD,  A.M.,  Professor 
of  Latin. 

Edward  J.  Fluck,  Ph.D.  '30,  Instructor  in  Latin. 
THE  REVEREND  JOSEPH  F.  FAHS,  A.M.,  Professor  of  His- 
tory. 

Anthony  S.  Corbiere,  Ph.D.  '20,  Professor  of  Romance  Lan- 
guages. 
THE   REVEREND   SAMUEL  PHILLIPS,   A.M.,   Professor   of 
Rhetoric,   English   Literature   and   Political   Economy. 
William   C.   Wilbur,   A.B.,   Instructor   in   History. 

THE  REVEREND   HANS  N.  RIIS,  Professor  of  German. 
Preston  A.  Barba,   Ph.D.   '06,   Professor  of   German. 

THEODORE  C.  YEAGER,  M.D.,  Professor  of  Chemistry,  Phy- 
siology, and  Botany. 


John  E.  Trainer,  M.S.  '35,  Instructor  in  Biology. 
THE  REVEREND  THEODORE  L.   SEIP,  A.M.,  Principal  of 

Academic   Department   and    Assistant   Professor   of   Greek. 
Karl  F.  J.  Wittrich,  M.S.,  Instructor  in  Economics. 
MEMBERS   OF  THE   FIRST  BOARD   OF  TRUSTEES: 

JONATHAN     REICHARD— (Treasurer     of    the     College), 
Welcome   Odenheimer. 

MELCHIOR  HAY  HORN— Dean  Robert  C.  Horn  '00,  grand- 
son of  Melchior   Hay   Horn. 

WILLIAM   SAEGER— Winfield  Keck. 

THE    REVEREND    WILLIAM    RATH— Clyde    Derr. 

THE  REVEREND  SAMUEL  K.  BROBST— William  DeLong. 

THE  REVEREND  JOSEPH  A.  SEISS,  D.D.— Paul  R.  Breit- 
enstein. 

THE  REVEREND  F.  J.  F.  SCHANTZ— Arthur  A.  Cassell. 
THE  REVEREND  JOSHUA  YEAGER— George   Sevart. 
LEWIS  KLUMP— Evan  Gardner. 
BENJAMIN    F.   TREXLER— Paul   Laudenslager. 
CHRISTIAN  PRETZ— F.  L.  Schmeyer. 


EPILOGUE 

Scene  3 :  Facing  Forward — A  Vision  of  the  College  and  the  Church 

A  lighted  altar  surmounted  by  a  luminous  cross  portrays  the  Christian  ideals  of  Muhlenberg  College.  On  either  side  of 
this  altar  appear  the  Chapel  Choir,  the  faculty,  and  the  students,  in  academic  garb.  Field  lights  reveal  a  great  ensemble  of 
Lutheran  choirs  led  by  four  Lutheran  clergymen,  typifying  the  Church  of  Muhlenberg  still  growing,  still  advancing  on. 
The  processions  approach  the  altar  singing  the  Bicentennial  Hymn  and  carrying  before  them  the  flags  of  Church  and  Coun- 
try. The  Pageant  closes  with  the  hymn,  "A  Mighty  Fortress  Is  Our  God"  and  The  National  Anthem.  The  audience  is 
requested  to  join  in  the  singing  of  these  final  songs. 


THE  MUHLENBERG  CHAPEL   CHOIR 

REPRESENTATIVES  OF  THE  FACULTY: 

Kingsbury   M.  Badger  Winfield  Keck 

H.  A.  Benfer  Dr.   Harry   H.  Reichard 

Robert  Boyer  Walter  L.   Seaman 

Dr.  George  H.  Brandes  Donald  E.  Shay 

Rev.  Harry  P.  C.  Cressman  '13    Rev.  Russell   W.   Stine   '22 

Ephraim   B.   Everitt  Dr.  Isaac  M.  Wright 

Dr.  Robert  R.  Fritsch  '00  Truman  Koehler  '2+ 

Dr.  John  C.  Keller  William   S.  Ritter  '16 

REPRESENTATIVES   OF   THE    STUDENT   BODY: 

CHOIRS:  The  Choirs  of  Lutheran  Churches  in  the  Allentown 
Conference. 

Milnes   '45,  Albert  Bird   '44,   Lloyd   Biedler   '43,  John   Louis 
DiFranco  '42,  John  Light  '44,  Joseph  Peters  '44. 
— Walter  Kepler  '45,  James  Reppert  '45,  Robert  Mumma  '44, 
Richard  Kinard  '43 


Howard  Laubach  '42 
Richard  Betz  '42 
Arlan  Bond  '42 
Charles  Keim  '42 
Myron  Kabo  '42 
Ray  Schmoyer  '42 
Spiro  Chiaparas  '42 
George  Berghorn  '42 
Harold  Benjamin  '42 
Milton   Donin  '42 
George   Hawkins   '42 
Berton  Sexton  '42 
William  Van  Ness  '42 
Alfred  Laubach  '42 


Warren    Flower   '42 
Monroe  Greene  '42 
A.   Victor   Hanson,  Jr.   '42 
Raymond  Hausman  '42 
Ralph  Hauze  '42 
W.  Roger  Jamieson  '42 
Paul  A.  Kemmerer  '42 
Nadis   Kershner   '42 
Paul  J.  Kidd  '42 
Clarence  B.  Kiernan  '42 
Harold  L.  Knauss  '42 
William  M.  Kuzmiak  '42 
Henry  Wacker  '42 
Ralph  H.  Berry,  Jr.  '42 


William  Bradley  '42 
Hugh  E.  Brown  '42 
Alexander  Busby  '42 
Sherwood   Cota   '42 
Wilmer  Cressman  '42 
Clark    Diefenderfer   '42 
H.  Warren  Dimmig  '42 
Ernest   Fellows   '42 
Raymond  Fetter  '42 
Gerald   P.  Wert   '42 
Bertram   Levinstone   '42 


B.   Franklin  Levy  '42 
Benjamin  R.  Lewis  '42 
Warren  R.  Mack  '42 
Kenneth  R.  Maurer  '42 
Harry  U.  Mervine  '42 
John   Metzger   '42 
Charles  E.  Mortimer  '42 
Clayton   H.  Musselman  '42 
Robert  E.  Neumeyer  '42 
John    Newpher   '42 
Edward  H.  Robertson  '42 


CLERGYMEN:  Phares  G.  Beer  '13,  Edward  G.  Schmickel  '30, 
Arthur   S.   Deibert  '14,   Warren   C.   Heinly  '28. 

CHOIRS:  The  Choirs  of  Lutheran  Churches  in  the  Allentown 
Conference. 

CHIEF  ELECTRICIAN— Paul  Morentz  '43.  Assistants— Frank 
Milnes  '45,  Albert  Bird  '44,  Lloyd  Biedler  '43,  John  Louis 
Di  Franco  '42,  John  Light  '44,  Joseph  Peters  '44. 

CHIEF  STAGE  MANAGER— Kenneth  Struble  '43.  Assistants— 
J.  Henry  Brown  '45,  Robert  MacDonough  '44,  Dennis  Web- 
ster '44. 

CHIEF  PROPERTY  MAN— William  Somerville  '42.  Assistants 
— Walter  Kepler  '45,  James  Reppert  '45,  Robert  Mumma  '44, 
Richard  Kinard  '43. 

STAGE  CREW— Robert  Bechtel  '44,  Yar  Chomicky  '45,  Luther 
F.  Cressman  '42,  Eugene  R.  Kutz  '43,  William  N.  Richards  '44. 

MAKE  UP  COMMITTEES— Miss  Mary  Voos,  Mrs.  George 
Schlotterer,  Mr.  Clifford  Gackenbach,  Mrs.  Thomas  Jacks, 
Miss  Evelyn  Brong,  Miss  Eleanor  Haring,  Miss  Audrey  Mac- 
Donald,  Miss  Lilly  Girton,  Miss  Clara  Byrnes,  Miss  Nancy 
White. 

WARDROBE  COMMITTEE— Mrs.  Edmund  S.  Keiter,  Kings- 
bury Badger,  assisted  by  members  of  the  Muhlenberg  College 
Woman's  Auxiliary. 


28] 


COMMITTEES 


Judge  James  F.  Henninger  '12 
Vice-President 

Edmund  S.  Keiter  '38 
Secretary-Treasurer 


THE  CORPORATION 

Rev.  Corson  C.  Snyder  '17 
President 


FINANCE  DIVISION 


George  B.  Balmer  '23 

Dr.  a.  Chari.es  R.  Keiter  '08 

Dr.  John  D.  M.  Brown  '06 

Dr.  Levering  Tyson 

Dr.  William  A.  Hausman,  Jr.  '99 


Victoi   R.  Schmidt,  L.  Roy  Campbell,  Co-chairmen 


Concessions,  Novelties 
Gurney  F.  AfRerbach  '16 
Kenneth   Conrad 
Dr.  James   Edgar   Swain 
Dr.   Victor  Johnson 
Harry   Dubbs   '19 
John  T.   Gross  '31 
Alvin  F.  Julian 

Gates 
Frank  Taylor  '42 
Dr.  James   Edgar   Swain 
William  Fink 


Decorations 
Owen  W.  Metzger 
Robert  H.  Wessner 
Norman  G.  Reinicker 
John  J.   McLaughlin 
Harry   Hertzog 
G.   Edward   Leh 
Charles   E.   Folwell 
Charles   G.   Kidd 
William   O.   Gross 
Fred   L.   Shankweiler 
William  R.  Weiss 
Jeremy  Fisher 
W.  Howard  McLuckie 


Paul  Candalino  '43 
Karl  F.  J.  Wittrich 
Alvin  F.  Julian 

Historical   Booklet 
Gordon  B.  Fister  '33 
George   M.   Pierce 
William   S.  Rudders  '26 
Ralph   H.  Walker 
Donald  P.  Miller  '28 
Charles   H.   Dieter 
Reuben  C.  Pretz 
Dr.  Preston  A.  Barba  '06 
Dr.   Victor  Johnson 


Tickets 
Oscar  A.  Mahler 
Mrs.  Henry  Shelly 
Jane  Taylor 
Ray   Druckenmiller 
Russell  Bisbing 
Mrs.  John   Soler 
Harry  Graver 
Ernest   Kuhnsman 
Mrs.  Herbert  Kern 
Alfred   Wallitsch 
Clarence  Reed 
James   E.   Weiss 


Valentine  Guldin 
Gurney  F.  AfBerbach 

Church   Tickets 
Rev.  Charles  Ruloff  '31 
Rev.  Edward  G.  Schmickel  '30 
Rev.    Walter    Williams   '29 
Dr.  Reuben  E.  V.  Miller  '15 
Rev.  Paul  Wolper  '11 
Rev.   William   Berkemeyer   '29 
Rev.  David   Frederick  '13 
Rev.  Karl  Reisner  '10 
Rev.  Mark  Trexler  '21 
Rev.  Paul  Spieker  '22 


PUBLICITY  DIVISION 
Major  J.  C.  Shumberger,  Samuel  W.  Miller  '27,  Co-chairmen 


Distribution 
Fred  F.  Kramer,  Jr. 
Vernon  W.  Casteline 
Albert  Bittner  '90 
Kenneth  H.  Koch  '32 
Louis   E.   Hertz 
Edgar   H.    Mortimer 
Robert  R.   Sewell 
Luther  R.  Bachman  '28 
Edwyn  T.   George 
Paul  F.  Bittner  '18 

Newspaper 
William  D.  Reimert 
Gordon  B.  Fister  '33 
Percy  Ruhe  '01 


Charles   Meredith,  Jr. 
Charles  H.  Esser  '13 
Frank  Marstellar  '36 
Albert  Bittner 

Photography 
John   V.   Shankweiler   '21 
Charles   Gerhart   '31 
Edwaid  Kline 
John   Koehler   '42 
Franklin   Marsteller   '36 
John  Yeastrop 

Radio 
J.  C.   Shumberger,  Jr. 
Rev.  B.  Brvan  Musselman 


George    Y.    Snyder 
John  I.  Van  Sandt 

Speaker 
Henry   V.   Scheirer   '29 
Dr.  William  L.  Katz  '13 
Karl   Y.   Donecker  '29 
Theodore  R.  Gardner  '28 
Forrest   E.   Gotthardt   '31 
Donald  V.  Hock  '32 
Edwin  K.  Kline  '30 
Woodrow  W.  Kistler  '34 
Kenneth  H.  Koch  '32 
James  C.  Lanshe  '30 
Richard  H.  Rauch  '37 
Arcus  F.  Shaffer  '30 


Dr. 


SPECTACLE  DIVISION 
Joseph   T.   Hummel   '17,   Mrs.  Joseph   T.   Hummel,   Co-chairmen 


Audience 
William  Ritter  '16 

Historical  Research 
Dr.  John  D.  M.  Brown  '06 
Dr.   Theodore    G.   Tappert 
Rev.  John  W.  Doberstein 
Rev.  William  C.  Cooper 
Dr.   Victor   L.   Johnson 
Dr.  Preston  A.  Barba  '06 


Music 
Dr.   Harold   K.  Marks  '07 
E.  B.  Kocher 
Paul  C.  Ensrud 
Dr.   Harry  Sykes  '29 
Herbert   Gernert   '05 
Ralph   F.  Kemmerer 
Dr.  Warren  F.  Acker  '04 


Rev.  Wm.  Berkemeyer  '29 
I.   H.   Bartholomew 

Properties  and  Grounds 
Edmund  S.  Keiter  '38 

Talent 
Mrs.  Ralph  H.  Henry 
Earl   Weinsheimer    '19 


Mrs.  John   H.  Leh 
Mrs.   Philip  Pardee 
Miss  Jane   Taylor 
Mrs.  Thomas  Jacks 
K.   M.  Badger 
Rachel  Kirk 
Henry   Faucett 
Mrs.  E.  G.  Scoblionko 
Irene  Welty 


Reverend  Snyder 


Judge  Henninger 


President  Tyson 


Professor  Brown 


[29 


Museum  and  Exhibit 
John  Davidson 
George  Rickey 
Dr.  Levering  Tyson 
Edmund  S.  Keiter  '38 
Miss  Mary  Funk 
Dr.  Preston  A.  Barba  '06 
Mrs.  Robert  C.  Horn 
Miss  Adelaide  Richards 
Mrs.  George  Kemp  Engelhart 
Mr.  J.  Bennett  Nolan 
Herbert  B.   Anstaett 

Faith  of  Our  Fathers'  Day 
Dr.  Conrad  Wilker  '32 
Rev.  Edward  J.  Schmickel  '30 
Rev.  Raymond  J.  Heckman  '17 
Rev.  Warren  C.  Heinly   '28 
Rev.  Arthur  S.  Deibert  '14 
Rev.  Herman  F.  Gohn 
Rev.  Benjamin  Lotz 
Rev.  G.  Franklin  Gehr 
Rev.  Melvin  A.  Kurtz   '03 
Rev.  Paul  B.  Wolper  '11 
Rev.  Charles  S.  Rahn 

Youth  Day 
William  L.  Connor 
Clifford   Bartholomew   '26 
Miss  Miriam  L.  Boyer 
J.  Birney  Crum  '23 
Louis  E.  Dieruff  '29 


SPECIAL  EVENTS  DIVISION 
Winfield  Clearwater,  Walter  Guthrie,  Co-chairmen 


Solon  J.  Fegley 

Miss  Marian  \.  Fenner 

Miss  Mildred  Kemmerer  '23 

C.  F.  Kistler  '17 

Albertus  L.  Meyers 

Kenneth  G.  Hildebrand 

Luther  E.  Kellian 

Eugene   Geiger 

Doris  Peoples 

James  Houseberg 

Earl  C.  Punchard 

Franklin  L.  Brobst 

Rudolph   Grosskurth 

Mrs.  Luther  Linn 

Earl  N.  Schmehl 

Mrs.  Byron  Stauffer  '3+ 

Mrs.   Elizabeth   Turkheimer 

Ruth  Borger 

Anna  M.  Schlegel 

Rev.  Earl  S.  Erb  '20 

Women's  Day 
Mrs.  W.  Gordon  Williams 
Mrs.  Dewey  Fuller 
Mrs.  Levering  Tyson 
Mrs.  Owen  Clauss 
Mrs.  Anna  Spieker 
Mrs.  Warren  Heinly 
Mrs.   Victor  Gangewere 
Mrs.  Owen  Roth 
Mrs.  Luther  B.  Klick 
Mrs.  Charles  Bramwell,  Jr. 


Mrs. 

Robert  Klotz 

Ira  C.  R.  Guldin 

Mrs. 

David  Menges 

Gordon  W.  Williams 

Mrs. 

J.  S.  Esser 

Mrs. 

H.  W.  Tyson 

Alumni 

Mrs. 

Richard  Klick 

William  Hudders  '26 

Mrs. 

William  H.  Cooper 

Dr.  Joseph  Hummel  '17 

Mrs. 

Ira  Frankenfield 

John  Heyl  '28 

Mrs. 

William  S.  Way 

Ray  Brennan   '35 

Mrs. 

J.  J.  Neudoerffer 

Andrew  Diefenderfer  '40 

Mrs. 

L.  C.  Haas 

Rev.  Charles  Ruloff  '31 
Theodore  Gardner  '28 

Cu 

ty  of  Allentoiun  Day 

Luther  Ziegler  '35 

Mayor  George  F.  Erich 
Robert  E.  Ritter 
Clarence  E.  Mensinger 
Edgar  W.  Wolf 
Henry  K.  Bauman 
Dr.  Joseph  R.  Bierman 
George  W.  Kistler 
Miss  Irene  Welty 
Joseph   J.   Gackenbach 
Arthur  V.  Yohe 
Clarence   W.  Marcks 

Brotherhood 
Christian  J.  Eurich,  Jr., 
Wm.  T.   Shetlock 
I.  Donald  Bennett 
Edward   Shotzberger 
Christian   Huber,   Sr. 
Ira  Earl 
Thomas  H.  Lukens 


National  Day 
Gen.  Frank  D.  Beary 
Captain  Edward  Quinn 
Russell  Kirby 
Harry  G.  Weiland 
Earle  Riedy 
William  Willenbecher 

Baccalaureate  and 
Commencement 

Prof.  Luther  J.   Deck  '20 
Prof.  Carl  W.  Boyer  '23 
Prof.  Harold  K.  Marks  '07 
Dr.  Edward  Fluck  '30 
Kingsbury  Badger 
Richard   E.   Hibbard 
Gordon  B.  Fister  '33 
Dean  Robert  C.  Horn  '00 
Rev.  H.  P.  C.  Cressman  '13 


Dignitaries 

John  S.  Wise,  Jr. 

Raymond  E.  Bear 

Reuben  J.  Butz  '87 

Dr.  Joseph  T.  Hummel  '17 

Victor  Schmidt 

Owen  W.  Metzger 

David  A.  Miller  '94 


HOSPITALITY  DIVISION 
Joseph  D.  Young,  Reuben  J.  Butz  '87,  Co-chairmen 


Henry  L.  Snyder  '15 
H.  A.  Benfer 

Housing   and  Information 
Donald  Miller  '28 
Tilghman  Fenstermaker  '31 
Dr.  Edward  A.  Fluck  '30 
Phillip   Gesoff  '31 
Ray  Brennan  '35 


Richard  G.  Miller  '36 
Ferdinand  E.  Palladino  '32 
Rev.  Thomas  J.  Richter  '38 
Rev.  Edward  G.  Schmickel  '30 
Henry  J.  Weidner  '31 
Carroll  G.  Parks  '31 

Safety  and  Travel 
John  A.  Rupp 
Arthur  V.  Yohe 


William  B.  McGorum 
Lawrence  A.  Nuesslein 
Raymond  Kuhns 
William  S.  Hudders  '26 
Earl  L.  Weaver 
Ralph  A.  Wagner 
William  O.  Gross 
Charles  E.  Folwell,  Sr. 
Jeremy  Fisher 


Dr.  Hausman 


Reverend  Keiter 


Mr.  Keiter 


30] 


Patrons 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  Gurney  F.  Afflerbach 

Miss  Louise  E.  Albright 

Mrs.  Roderick  E.  Albright 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edwin  G.  Arner 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  B.  Balmer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  Emory  Earner 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Clifford  Bartholomew 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Elmer  H.  Bausch 

Dr.   Frederick  R.  Bausch,  Jr. 

Dr.  and   Mrs.  P.   G.  Beer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  James  P.  Bender 

Mr.  Harry  A.  Benfer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Nolan  P.  Benner 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  O.  F.  Bernheim 

Best  Chemical  Company 

Mr.  George  Betz 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harold  W.  Beyer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  A.  Albert  Bittner 

Dr.   and   Mrs.  Russell   S.   Bleiler 

Mrs.   Charles   B.   Bowman 

Mrs.   Charles  W.  Bowman 

Dr.  Carl  W.  Boyer 

Dr.  George  H.  Brandes 

Mrs.   Stanley  Paul  Brown 

Mrs.  Louis  Buehler 

Mr.  Reuben  J.  Butz 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Samuel  D.  Butz 

Mr.   William  B.  Butz 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Roy  L.  Campbell 

Mr.  Carl  A.  Cassone 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Oliver  N.  Clauss 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  S.  Cole 

Mrs.   S.  B.   Costenbader 

Rev.  Harry  P.  C.  Cressman 

Mrs.   Henry   H.   Dent 

Miss  Ruth  Emmeline   Dixon 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harry  R.  Dubbs 

Dr.  John  T.  Eckert 

Lt.  Col.  and  Mrs.  George  Kemp  Engelhart 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ira  T.  Erdman 

Mayor  and  Mrs.  George  F.  Erich 

Mr.  and   Mrs.  Charles   H.  Esser 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  George  T.  Ettinger 

Rev.  William  O.  Fegley 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Feldman 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  F.  A.  Fetherolf 

Mr.  J.  Wilmer  Fisher 

Miss  Mame  L.  Fisher 

Mr.   and   Mrs.  Gordon  B.   Fister 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  T.  Fister 

Dr.  Edward  J.  Fluck 

Mr.  Bernard   Frank 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dewey  Fuller 

Mrs.  V.  J.  Gangewere 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Theodore  R.  Gardner 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  Gehringer 

Mrs.  M.  M.  Gottlieb 


Miss  Rachel  G.  Graham 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Arthur  P.  Grammei 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  George  A.  Greiss 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Malcolm  W.  Gross 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  O.  Gross 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ira  C.  R.  Guldin 

Mrs.  John  A.  W.  Haas 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Daniel  W.  Hamm 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robert  V.  Harned 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Ralph  F.  Harwick 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Walter  K.  Hauser 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  W.  A.  Hausman 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  G.  Heilman 

Mr.  Charles  A.  Heist 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harvey  Heist 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  Roland  Heller 

Judge  and  Mrs.  James  F.  Henninger 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Ralph  H.  Henry 

Dr.  W.  F.  Herrmann 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Louis  E.  Hertz 

Sheriff  Mark  W.  Hoffman 

Dr.  Robert  C.  Horn 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  T.  Hummel 

Mr.  Thomas  G.  Hummel 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  William  L.  Katz 

Mrs.  William  G.  Keck 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Clyde  H.  Kelchner 

Miss  Winifred  Elizabeth  Kern 

Mr.  A.  Kimberg 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Martin  S.  Kleckner 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  G.  Kleckner 

Miss  A.  Violet  Kline 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Willard  Kline 

Mrs.  R.  B.  Klotz 

Mr.  Eugene  M.  Knerr 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  Herbert  Koch 

Mr.  Harry  K.  Krouse 

Rev.  Walter  R.  Krouse 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  James  F.  Lambert 

Rev.  Preston  A.  Laury 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  H.  Lees 

Mrs.  Emilie  LeFort 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  Edward  Leh 

Mrs.  C.  Merrill  Leister 

Mrs.  Robert  LeSinger 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Nevin  T.  Loch 

Mr.  and   Mrs.   Edward  A.  Lukens 

Miss  Betty  Jane  Lukens 

Mr.  Nathan  D.  Martin 

Dr.  John  D.  Matz 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  David  A.  Menges 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Owen  W.  Metzger 

Mrs.  Carrie  M.  Michler 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Donald  P.  Miller 

Dr.   and   Mrs.  Reuben  E.  V.  Miller 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Samuel  W.  Miller 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  Jack  Morgan 

Mr.   and   Mrs.   Edgar   Mortimer 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  F.  Mosser 

Mr.  Clarence  B.  Nissley 

Dr.  and   Mrs.  John  Noble 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Pierce 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Stanley  V.  Printz 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Norman  G.  Reinicker 

Mrs.  Tillman  Reuber 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Martin  H.  Ritter 

Mrs.  Irene  A.  Ritter 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harold  J.  Romig 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  W.  C.  Schaeffer 

Mr.  J.  Thomas   Schantz 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  William  P.  Schout 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Victor  R.  Schmidt 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dalton  F.  Schwartz 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  George  F.  Seiberling 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  F.  Seidel 

Mr.  and   Mrs.   Henry  B.   Shelly 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  L.  Shimer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harry  Shimer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harry  H.  Shimer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Howard  E.  Shimer 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  Myron  Shimer 

Mrs.  Burton  C.  Simon 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carl  S.  Sipple 

Major  and  Mrs.  J.  C.  Shumberger,  Sr. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Corson  C.  Snyder 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henry  L.  Snyder 

Miss  Arlene  Spengler 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  H.  Stahl 

Miss  Jean  Stahl 

State  Office  Equipment  Company 

Mrs.  Ida  Steinmetz 

Mrs.  Grace  Stiles 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Stiles 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  F.  Stolte 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Wayne  G.  Stump 

Miss  Jane  W.  Taylor 

Mr.  Joseph  Thornton 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  C.  H.  Trexler 

Judge  Frank  M.  Trexler 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Theodore  T.  Trexler 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  William  C.  Troxell 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  P.  S.  Trumbower 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Levering  Tyson 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Frank  M.  Urich 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fred  W.  Weiler 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fred  Martin  Weiss 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  R.  Weiss 

Dr.   and   Mrs.  John  J.  Wenner 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Warren  M.  Wenner 

Mr.  W.  C.  Wilbur 

Mrs.  Conrad  Wilker 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Isaac  M.  Wright 

Mr.  Richard  K.  Yehl 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  J.  Yingling 

Mr.   and  Mrs.  Robert  A.  Young 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  S.  Young 


[31 


Acknowledgm  ents 


M.  S.  Young  and  Company 

KuHNs  and  Shankweiler 

Moyer-Shimer  Insurance  Agency 

Nineteenth  Street  Theatre 

Phoebe  Floral  Shop 

William  Freihofer  Baking  Company 

Reeves,  Parvin  and  Company 

The  Trexler  Lumber  Company 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  S.  H udders 

Koch  Brothers 

The  Superior  Restaurant 

Pennsylvania  Independent  Oil  Company 

DUNGAN  AND  FrY 

G.  A.  RiNN  Paper  Company 

Heimbach  Baking  Company 

Heyl-Bond-Miller 

United  Materials  Company 

Bohlen,  Gross  and  Moyer 

Brown  and  Fulford 

Emmaus  Coal  and  Lumber  Company 

Hill  Metal  and  Roofing 

Tapperson  Seed  Company 

Bee,  Incorporated 

Albright  Son  and  Company 

Penn  Coat  and  Apron  Supply 

S.  E.  Sostman  Company 

Muhlenberg  College  appreciates  the  cooperation  of  the  organizations  and  individuals 
listed  here  and  through  the  booklet  in  making  possible  this  historical  publication. 


32} 


Muhlenberg  Bicentennial  Hymn 

Words  by  the  Rev.  John  D.  M.  Brown,  Litt.D. 
Head  of  the  Department  of  English,  Muhlenberg  College 

Tune:  Hymn  493,  God  of  Our  Fathers 

Most  Gracious  Lord,  Who  led  o'er  land  and  wave 
Through  wood  and  wilderness  our  fathers  brave 
To  this  new  land  by  faith's  unfailing  flame, 
In  thankfulness  we  glorify  Thy  name. 

For  all  our  fathers  in  the  days  of  old, 
Steadfast  and  worthy,  faithful,  true,  and  bold, 
Servants  and  soldiers  in  Thy  realm  divine. 
Eternal  praise  and  thanks,  O  Lord,  be  Thine. 

Sustain  us  now  with  Thy  celestial  aid; 
Fill  us  with  zeal  and  courage  unafraid; 
Give  us  abundant  grace  to  do  Thy  will. 
Perfect  Thy  kingdom,  and  Thy  law  fulfill. 

Our  fathers'  God,  to  Thee  all  praise  we  give, 
In  Whom  the  souls  of  men  and  nations  live ; 
With  grateful  hearts  we  bow  before  Thy  face : 
Thy  strength  our  glory,  and  our  hope  Thy  grace.