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Rev. m« C. DttiD
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Author of " The Mormons and Their Bible," etc.
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Preach the gospel to every creature
—New Testament
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PHILADELPHIA
JImcrican Baptist Publication Society
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1420 Chestnut Street
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Copyright 1Q03
M. T. LAMB
Published August, 1903
Ifrom tbc prcee of tbe
Bmertcan JBaptist publication Society
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this book is to awaken in the mind of
the reader the consciousness that he is called person-
ally to attempt the evangelization of men through his
own personal contact and influence. It lays upon the
individual himself what he has laid upon the ministry
and the church as a whole, the obligation to have the
one near him know of Christ. Generalization, and
not specific, individual work, duty, obligation, char-
acterizes the most of Christian activity. Those who
know of that marvelous soul-winner. Uncle John
Vassar, and his methods, find in him the exemplifi-
cation of the truths herein suggested ; namely, hand
to hand, heart to heart, personal interest and prayer
and solicitation. He never lost the one in the many.
Compliance with the spirit and suggestions of
this book will do three things :
1. Fix individual responsibility.
2. Increase the number of active church-members.
3. Give constant testimony to the power of con-
secrated, individual, Christian life.
Beyond question, many in our churches are
without joy and a sense of usefulness because of
mistaken notions of service. Let them comply
with the suggestions of this book, and church life
will take on a new meaning, and they will read
anew and aright the " Great Commission."
Trenton, N.J. J. K, MANNING.
ill
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
I. THE Command 5
II. Reaching Men 13
III. A Mischievous Error 24
iV. A Second Error 39
V. Sent to Save 55
VI. Incentives to action 73
Appendix 87
EVERY CREATURE
THE COMMAND
'* Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel to every
creature" (Mark i6 : 15).
ACCORDING to the census of 1890 there
were, in round numbers, fourteen million
church-members in our country, exclusive
of the Roman Catholics, or about one Protestant
church-member to every four and one-half of the
population. The census of 1900 shows a very
gratifying increase, namely, that the membership
in the Protestant churches has increased more rap-
idly than the population. So that to-day about one
to every four is enrolled in Christian churches.
Another gratifying fact is that the Christian ele-
ment is becoming more and more the dominating
element. That is, it is absorbing more and more
the wealthy and educated classes — the two classes
that largely control society.
If, however, we carefully investigate the situa-
tion regarding the thirty-eight to forty millions —
exclusive of the Roman Catholics — who are still
5
6 EVERY CREATURE
outside of the ciuirches and are old enough to be
led to Christ, two alarming facts will appear :
1. That the large majority of them are men.
Probably three-fourths of the entire number are
males, ranging in age from ten years and upward
to mature life and old age. It is one of the sad
facts that so few of the men are reached. And
this is especially true of the young men. We are
told that not over five per cent, of the young men
in our country are enrolled in our churches or iden-
tified in any form with Christian work.
2. The second unfortunate fact is that of these
thirty-eight or forty million unsaved persons, but a
very small per cent, attend church services, or are
brought under any direct religious agencies, not
even the special religious awakenings, street preach-
ing. Salvation Army work, etc. There must be in
the neighborhood of thirty million people who re-
main outside and are apparently untouched by all
present methods of Christian work. That is to
say, present methods of Christian work reach not
more than one-fourth of the unconverted people of
our country. And this one-fourth is made up largely
of the easy cases, if such a term is permissible —
persons who are regular attendants upon religious
service, of some kind, or who are willing to come
on special occasions. The three-fourths who are
left out because they do not, and, in most cases,
will not come to any religious service, may be
termed the hard cases — not hard to overcoming faith
or in the plan of God, but apparently hard cases
THE COMMAND 7
because we do not know how to reach them, or if
we know, have not been willing to put forth the
needed effort.
But we are certainly waking up to the necessity
and the vast importance of reaching all these out-
lying masses — that is, a few are waking up. In
the city of Trenton, N. J., four years ago, there
was a very systematic and thorough canvass of the
city. Volunteers were found who visited every
home, with a card of invitation to the religious
services which were being held every night in
three different churches, situated so as to be con-
venient of access to the outside masses that it
was desired to reach. These services were con-
tinued for a month. The pastors preached most
earnest sermons, and were aided a portion of the
time by a wise, consecrated, and successful evan-
gelist. Similar efforts were made in a large num-
ber of places all over the country, and are repeated
year after year, in many places with great persist-
ence and expense. But a most unfortunate fact is
that the results of these methods are becoming
more and more disappointing. The throngs who
attend these special services are almost exclusively
church-members. The people we want to reach
will not come. An earnest invitation to come will
not bring them.
The writer was present some time ago at an even-
ing service conducted by a very earnest and godly
man (an evangelist). There were present probably
one hundred and fifty persons. About twenty of
8 EVERY CREATURE
tliese were young converts, young people converted
during the previous evenings. The services were
very impressive throughout. Earnest appeals were
made to the unconverted, appeals that it would
seem could hardly be resisted. But when the
leader asked the unconverted present to show
their interest, there was no response. When a
little later he invited all who indulged a hope in
Christ to rise, every person in the house arose.
There were no unconverted persons present. The
good brethren were nonplussed at this unexpected
development, and the conclusion finally reached
was that should this condition of things continue for
two more evenings, they would close the meetings.
Could they, just at this interesting point, have
introduced a new preacher of world-wide repute,
or an eccentric man who knew how to attract the
outsiders ; or could they have had as a drawing
card some gifted singer, a few of the great mass
of the unsaved in that town might have been at-
tracted, and very likely benefited by the warm and
earnest services. But not being able to command
these extra attractions, they found themselves ap-
parently helpless.
And this is no exceptional case by any means.
A large majority of the best-planned and best-con-
ducted revival efforts to-day close after a few days
or weeks without special results, and chiefly be-
cause they are not able to attract the unconverted
to the services ; while the revival efforts that are
accounted successful are usually brought to a pre-
THE COMMAND 9
mature close because they have exhausted the
material. The few cases, easy cases, that can be
attracted into the meeting, are converted, or appar-
ently so, and then the meetings close because no
others are willing to come. Over one-half of all the
adults in that community — more than three-fourths
of these being men — are as yet unreached ; but
the meetings must close because the leader and
the workers in the church do not seem to know
any alternative. At the very point too of largest
promise, when the Holy Spirit has begun to move
upon the community and the church has reached a
measure of consecration that fits its individual
members for an aggressive movement upon the
largest scale, the meetings close, the harvest ends,
and the great multitude remains unsaved.
In our judgment, the most important and practi-
cal question of to-day is the question, "How to
reach these unreached throngs." Is it God's plan
and purpose that only those shall be reached who
can be with comparative ease ? Or is the fault in
our present methods ? Certainly the command is,
"Preach the gospel to every creature"; but by
present methods this command is practically impos-
sible. If we preach the gospel only to those who
will come and hear us, and one-half of the people
for various reasons will not come, then either this
command of our Lord is a farce, or impracticable,
or our present methods of obeying it are at fault ;
and if the fault lies at our door, what is it ?
The fact that we are not obeying our Lord's com-
10 EVERY CREATURE
mand, " Preach the gospel to every creature," cer-
tainly ought to awaken some anxiety and lead to
profound questionings. For really such a religious
effort as was made in Trenton and has become the
fashion all over the country, is not obeying this last
command of our Lord. It is a very important and
valuable movement, if not over-estimated. That is,
it is getting ready to obey, but it is not obedience.
The farmer who, in cultivating his field of corn,
should secure his team of horses and carefully feed
and fit them for the summer's work, and make
ready his cultivator, sharpen its teeth, etc., then
go over his entire field, counting the hills of corn,
noting the progress of the weeds, discovering the
stumps and large boulders and other difficulties that
must be met — and then sit down for the summer,
would be counted a fool, and if an employee, would
certainly be discharged. All this is simply getting
ready for work ; it does not cultivate one hill of corn.
So a thorough canvass of the city, counting the
number of unsaved, inviting every one of them as
politely and earnestly as we may to attend a relig-
ious service and become interested in the subject of
religion, is not preaching the gospel to these unsaved
ones, it may be getting ready to obey the Great
Commission, but is not obedience, and if offered to
our great Commander as such, is an insult to his
intelligence, as well as to ours ; and is very likely
a sufficient reason why he seems to be growing
weary of such efforts and fails to crown them with
former successes.
THE COMMAND II
In Luke 5 : 4-10 is recorded an exceedingly sug-
gestive incident. Those Galilean disciples were
skillful fishermen ; fishing had been their life-work
and study. They knew the little Sea of Galilee
from shore to shore ; knew the haunts of the fish
and all the best methods of beguiling them into
their nets. And yet this day they had been un-
successful. "We have toiled all the night and
have taken nothing." No sooner, however, does
Jesus get into the boat than the command comes,
" Launch out into the deep and let down your nets
for a draught." And when they had done this,
" They enclosed a great multitude of fishes and
their net brake. And they beckoned unto their part-
ners, which were in the other ship, that they should
come and help them. And they came, and filled
both the ships so that they began to sink." The
scene closes with the significant words, "Fear not,
from henceforth thou shalt catch men."
The scene suggests that this may have been a
designed object-lesson on the successful method of
catching men. These disciples were unsuccessful
all that previous night, apparently for two reasons :
I. They seem to have been fishing all the time
in shallow water. At least the sequel showed that
there was a great multitude of unreached fish out
in the deep water, fish that could not be induced to
leave their wonted haunts that night by all the arts
and tempting bait of the fishermen ; and if caught
at all must be caught right where they were con-
gregated.
12 EVERY CREATURE
2. They did not have the Master with them. It
is true they had fished all their lives without him ;
but now conditions had changed ; they had yielded
themselves to a new Master, and he would teach
them thoroughly, at the very beginning of their new
life with him, "Without me ye can do nothing."
Have we as churches been fishing in the shallow
water thus far, content to reach the fish that may
be induced to come where we are and failed to
hear the explicit command, "Launch out into the
deep and let down your nets for a draught " ? Or
have our efforts to reach these multitudes out in
the "deep" been made without the Master's
presence and direction, trusting to our wisdom of
words, or eloquent speech, or power of logic to
reach men instead of an indwelling Christ ?
In any event this is an unspeakably important
discussion. I firmly believe it lies at the basis of
successful Christian work during the twentieth
century. Present methods have grown up out of
false conceptions of important, central truths. Mis-
chievous errors have been playing the mischief.
Let us see what we can discover.
REACHING MEN
" For there went virtue out of him and healed them all "
(Luke 6 : 19).
FOR years past it has been a fond hope of the
author to prepare a small treatise upon the
subject, " Our privilege to come to Christ in
behalf of others, especially those whom we cannot
persuade to come for themselves," the discussion
being founded upon the lesson from the miracles.
This chapter will contain a few points briefly pre-
sented from the above contemplated discussion.
1. Out of nearly forty specific cases of healing
recorded in the four Gospels, only six came for them-
selves, and were healed because of their own indi-
vidual faith. Such were blind Bartimeus, the leper,
the woman with the issue of blood, etc.
2. About twenty cases were brought to Christ by
others, and were healed, not primarily because of
their own faith or their own asking, but because of
the faith and the asking of the persons who brought
them. To the Syro-Phoenician mother Jesus said :
" O woman, great is thy faith, be it unto thee even
as thou wilt." And her daughter was healed in
that very hour. To the nobleman from Caper-
naum, who came in behalf of his son, Jesus said :
13
14 EVERY CREATURE.
" Except ye see signs and wonders ye will not be-
lieve." To the father of the boy with the dumb
spirit he said : " if thou canst believe, all things
are possible to him that believeth," And while it
seems evident that the man sick of the palsy had
the faith needed to secure his own healing, yet as
if on purpose to emphasize Christ's interest in the
ministry of others the record says : " And Jesus
seeing their faith said unto the sick of the palsy,"
not the sick man's faith, but the faith of the four
men who at so much pains and effort let him down
before Jesus through the roof of the house.
3. These twenty cases that were brought by
others were hard cases — persons who could not or
would not come for themselves. They were per-
sons already dead, who could not come for them-
selves, or possessed with demons and would not
come for themselves, or they had the palsy, or
were so crippled, or were so low with disease that
they were physically unable to come for themselves.
4. These hard cases were apparently not only
just as easily cured, but just as willingly cured as
the six persons who appealed to Jesus in their own
behalf. That is, whether it was the individual's
own faith or the faith of another did not seem to
affect the result, if it was real genuine faith. Those
who came in behalf of others were as certain of a
hearing, and as uniformly successful, as those who
came in their own behalf.
Now, as I read the word, the object of Jesus' life
here was to reveal God the Father through the
REACHING MEN I 5
person of his Son. The object of the miracles was
to bear witness not only to his power but espe-
cially to his great love, his tender sympathy for
our race. And as the greater includes the less, we
reach the conclusion that all that he was willing to
do for the body while he was here in the flesh he
is now far more willing to do for the soul, hi fact
we cannot conceive him refusing for the spiritual
nature what he so readily did for the physical. Do
we not all believe and teach without hesitation that
Jesus is able and willing to save every one who
comes to him and asks for himself with faith ? We
point the sinner whose spiritual eyes are blinded to
blind Bartimeus. To the one who finds himself
full of the leprosy of sin, we preach the gospel of
healing with the poor leper as our text. These
spiritual lessons from the physical miracles in our
Lord's ministry have been drawn by all the lead-
ing preachers and teachers of New Testament the-
ology from the apostles' day until the present, so
far as I am aware.
But if we are justified in saying to the anxious
sinner, " Jesus while here on earth never turned
one away who came for himself with believing
faith, and therefore will not, cannot turn you
away," shall we not say with the same assurance
to the earnest Christian who becomes anxious for
a lost soul :
Jesus is the same yesterday, to-day, and forever ; and as
he never turned one away who came to him in behalf of a
friend or a neighbor who was sick or crippled or palsied or
l6 EVERY CREATURE
possessed with demons or was dead, so he will not, cannot
turn you away, if you with the same confidence and faith
come to him in behalf of one whose soul is palsied or pos-
sessed with demons or Is dead.
I have taken this position for years past, and
taught it in public and private.
The twenty-six cases above noted from the four
Gospels we suppose were selected for record simply
as specimens of the hundreds and thousands of
miracles performed by our Lord during his three
and a half years of public ministry. And these
are recorded to teach us all the lessons we need as
to Jesus' sympathy and love and the conditions
and the acceptable methods of approaching him
either for ourselves or for others.
Is it therefore an unimportant fact that there were
recorded at least three times as many persons who
were brought to Christ by others as came in their
own' behalf ? For this proportion of three to one,
or thereabouts, is evidently not accidental. The
careful reader of the Gospel narrative will easily
discover that the ministry of others is made the
prominent feature in the history of the miracles.
Not only were there twenty cases brought by
others, as against six who came for themselves,
but in every record of wholesale miracle-working,
that is, where a multitude is gathered together,
and a large number are healed in a single evening
or in a day, the statements are so worded as to
make prominent only the ministry of others, as for
instance Matt. 8 : i6, "And when the even was
REACHING MEN \j
come they brought unto him many that were pos-
sessed with devils, and he cast out the spirits with
his word and healed all that were sick."
In Matt. 14 : 35, 36, the statement is :
"And when the men of that place had knowl-
edge of him they sent out into all that country
round about, and brought unto him all that were
diseased :
"And besought him that they might only touch
the hem of his garment ; and as many as touched
were made perfectly whole."
In the next chapter we are told that Jesus re-
tired into a mountain of Galilee, and when his
whereabouts became known :
"Great multitudes came unto him, having with
them those that were lame, blind, dumb, maimed,
and many others, and cast them down at Jesus'
feet ; and he healed them."
It is quite probable that some of these sick people,
as soon as Jesus' presence was announced and ex-
plained to them, readily comprehended the situa-
tion, and at once appealed to him in their own
behalf. All this is possible and even quite probable.
Yet the record says nothing of these personal ap-
peals, but it does make exceedingly prominent the
ministry of others.
So then it cannot be accidental that three times
as many cases are recorded of persons healed
through the personal efforts and the faith of inter-
ested friends or neighbors, as came in their own
behalf.
B
l8 EVERY CREATURE
And this proportion of three to one becomes ex-
ceedingly suggestive and practical to us to-day in
view of the facts stated in Chapter 1., that our
efforts and our faith are largely limited to the easy
cases, embracing possibly one-fourth of the unsaved
persons in our country, while the three-fourths, the
harder cases, remain unreached. We spend vast
sums of money and make prodigious efforts to per-
suade one person to come to our gospel feast, while
the three persons who will not be persuaded to come
for themselves are counted out, and our consciences
are easily relieved of responsibility in their behalf.
If, however, we have rightly read the lesson from
the miracles, this great outside throng is within
reach of earnest Christian effort, and within the
all-embracing compassion of our Lord.
The limits of this treatise will not permit a full
discussion of this unspeakably momentous subject,
but we will endeavor very briefly to outline what
we conceive to be the Bible teaching.
Briefly, then, we believe the Bible teaches :
1. That the word of God, backed up by the
divine Spirit, is so " sharp " and so " quick " (life-
giving) and so "powerful" that it becomes prac-
tically irresistible when properly presented and
clearly apprehended.
2. That the divine Spirit is able, and in answer
to earnest believing prayer is willing, to take the
word of God which we in our helplessness have
attempted to present to the hardened sinner, and
so clarify it and hold it up so persistently and ex-
REACHING MEN I9
hibit its meaning so unmistakably that tiiis hardened
sinner will yield to it.
Two brief incidents will sufficiently explain what
we mean to teach :
I. An earnest colporter met an unusually rough
and ungodly captain of a canal boat and handed him
a gospel tract. To show his contempt of things
divine the captain uttered a horrid oath, tore the
tract in pieces, and threw it out into the water in
the presence of the colporter. A small bit of the
tract stuck to one of his dirty fuigers. He hap-
pened to glance at it and saw the word "God."
He picked it from his finger, and in doing so
saw on the other side the word "eternity." He
threw it out into the water and went his way full
of blasphemy and hatred of everything pertaining
to God. But strangely enough those two words,
"God," "eternity," kept coming up in his mind.
He thought to brush them away with a laugh and
a jeer, but for some reason they would not down.
All day long they bothered him. Do what he would
they kept intruding themselves. At night he imag-
ined he could easily close his eyes upon the un-
pleasant picture, but for the first time in years he
found himself unable to sleep. Those two words,
most potent and most portentous, kept staring him in
the face and gave him no rest or slumber. They grew
more potent and more portentous every hour. The
next day matters became still worse, and the final
outcome was that tliose two words, " God " and
"eternity," were held up before the mind and
20 EVERY CREATURE
thought of that wicked man until he saw their
meaning, and saw it so clearly that he was led to
yield himself to God and prepare for eternity.
Now our claim is that it was the Holy Spirit who
did this. It is his province to take of the "things
of Christ" and "show them unto us." It belongs
to him, by the use of the word of God as his sharp
sword, to "convince men of sin and of righteous-
ness and of judgment." And our belief is that the
Holy Spirit is willing to do this in any given case in
answer to earnest prayer, if such earnest prayer is
supplemented by the right kind of effort on our part.
2. A second incident coming under my own ob-
servation will bring out into a clearer light the
human agency, or the part God's people may play.
While assisting a pastor in a special meeting in
an intelligent lady was converted, who had
been greatly troubled with skepticism. She had a
very dear friend, a Mrs. Skinner, equally intelli-
gent, but an open and avowed infidel, a skeptic of
a very pronounced type. The very first meeting
she attended after her own conversion this good
lady asked us all to pray for her friend. The next
time she came she repeated the request more ear-
nestly than before. She persevered in repeating this
request until we all became deeply interested in
this case and began earnest prayer for her. In a
few days Mrs. Skinner consented to come with her
friend to one of our meetings, but became so angry
at what she heard that she declared she would never
come again. Prayer, however, was continued, and
REACHING MEN 21
a week later she came again and was still more
angry, asserting with increased decision that she
would not darken that church door again. This
was repeated for several weeks, as the meetings
were continued, with no relaxation of earnest prayer
for this troubled woman, for it soon became evi-
dent that she was passing through a very severe
mental and spiritual conflict. She reached a point
where she could not stay away from the meetings
but a night or two at a timej and yet every time
she came she would profess to be displeased.
I shall never forget the night when the answer
came. The church was filled with people. Mrs.
Skinner was seated with others on a seat under the
window by the side of the pulpit, and when an in-
vitation was given for persons in the congregation
who desired the prayers of God's people to come
forward and occupy the two front seats, instead of
stepping out to the seat in front of the pulpit Mrs.
Skinner arose and with great deliberation and de-
cision said : " Friends, I have decided to be a bur-
den on your hearts no longer. Your Jesus I receive
as my Jesus."
The next day she came to the afternoon meeting
and very promptly offered herself as a candidate
for baptism. The pastor, after examining several
other candidates, came to her and began by saying :
" Sister Skinner, do you think you have found the
Saviour ? " She was puzzled for a moment over
the form of the question, but presently answered :
" Mr. F , I think the Saviour has found me."
22 EVERY CREATURE
Mr. F asked no further questions. Tears of
joy and gratitude came to all our eyes. In a won-
derful way God had heard prayer, and in answer a
mind poisoned by error, and one of the hardest and
most stubborn wills I have ever met, had been
sweetly forced to yield to Christ.
hi this case God's three agents are very plainly
seen, and their place and specific work given and
clearly defined — the word, the Holy Spirit, and
God's people. God's people held aloft the word of
life, and it being refused and stubbornly resisted,
the aid of the mighty Spirit was more and more
invoked by persistent prayer. He took this word,
the things of Christ, and so showed them to this
stubborn soul that at length she yielded to their
influence and was saved.
Of course, a thorough discussion of this subject
would involve a presentation of several important
Bible truths, as, for instance, why is the word of
God irresistible when properly presented and at-
tended by the divine Spirit 1 our duty and privilege
to faithfully present God's word, and the ability
and the willingness of the Holy Spirit to make
effectual use of the word which we present to
such hardened sinners in answer to earnest, believ-
ing prayer.
This last would also involve a discussion of the
subject of prevailing prayer, what it is, and why
the Holy Spirit can do or will do in answer to such
praying what he is unwilling to do in the absence
of such praying, and also the place that " fasting "
REACHING MEN 23
and " all-night praying " may sometimes occupy as
a natural adjunct of very earnest praying.
All these considerations, while exceedingly im-
portant and vital to the subject under discussion,
yet have to be omitted for brevity's sake, and per-
haps may suggest themselves to the earnest reader
who shall heartily accept the conclusions and the
reasonings found in this brief treatment.
Ill
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR
" And he gave some . . . pastors and teachers, for the per-
fecting of the sanits unto the work of ministering, unto the
building up of the body of Christ" (Eph. 4:11, 12).
THERE are certain mischievous errors that have
come down to us from the past, and are
therefore thoroughly rooted and grounded in
the thought and the life of the Christian church to-
day, that stand directly in the way of God's plan of
reaching the great mass of unsaved ones by persist-
ent, informal, individual effort, rather than by the
more public and formal presentation of the gospel.
And the first and perhaps most dangerous of
these is the prevalent error regarding the work of
the ministry ; the pastor's relation to his people and
their relation to him.
Many seem to believe that the chief business of
the ministry is to preach, and the chief business of
the laity to support said preachers. We are called
"preachers" by way of distinction.
One of our best thinkers thus plainly states his
position :
The Great Commission was given to the apostles primarily,
but as trustees. Now 1 think the work of preaching and bap-
tizing is, ordinarily, ministerial work, and that the part of the
24
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR 2$
church at large in that commission is to see that it is done by
pastors, missionaries, etc., looldng them out, sending them,
praying for and supporting tiiem.
And this is evidently a very generally received
view as to the church's relation to the Great Com-
mission. That her obligation as to its claims is
chiefly, if not entirely canceled when she has
sought out from her own ranl<s men divinely called,
and has set them apart to the wori< of the ministry,
and sent them forth, and supported them with her
money and her prayers. That is, that the church's
way to reach the masses is chiefly t/irough the clergy,
through her own pastor and his assistants, for tlie
work at home ; and through missionaries for the
work abroad.
The author, however, frankly avows his convic-
tion that this view instead of being scriptural, is
the offspring of Rome, one of the unfortunate heir-
looms of the great apostasy which the Reformation
failed to kill, and that has entailed more of disaster
and spiritual death upon the church as a body than
almost any other heresy, its saddest outcome being
that the great body of our laymen have never felt
the responsibility of personal effort. They pay
their money to secure a man to do this work ; and
this, together with the feeling that they are not
personally adapted to such work, have not the gifts
or ability, as they imagine, to do it successfully,
has had the effect to quiet their consciences and
throw off any feeling of responsibility. And when
the appalling destitution around them and all over
26 EVERY CREATURE
the world is clearly presented, the value of the soul
and the superior claims of the future life, and they
are aroused to do more than they have been doing,
their fust and chief thought is to secure an evangelist,
a singer, a lay missionary, or some other attraction,
to assist the pastor. It never occurs to them that
this is a work they ought to do and must do them-
selves ; and that no proxies, however well qualified,
can shift the responsibility from their own shoulders,
or please God, or successfully accomplish the work.
We ask the reader's attention to a single passage
that presents in one sentence the pastor's relation
to his people as well as their relation to him and
their great mission on earth : "And he gave some
to be apostles, and some prophets, and some evan-
gelists, and some pastors and teachers. For the
perfecting of the saints unto the work of minister-
ing, unto the building up of the body of Christ"
(Eph.4: II, 12).
The old version is misleading. Those good old
bishops in King James' day were evidently so com-
pletely saturated with the universal sentiment of
their day that the clergy was a specially privileged
class, with sacred functions beyond the reach of
the "laity," that they were unable to understand
this very simple, straightforward statement of the
apostle, and so practically garbled the passage by
putting in three " fors " where the apostle put in
only one. They made it read : " For the perfecting
of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the
edifying of the body of Christ."
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR 2^
This would seem to say tliat the pastor had three
things to do, perfect the saints, do the work of the
ministry, and edify the body of Christ. Paul said
nothing of the kind. What he did say would work
a complete revolution in present-day methods, for
he makes the pastor's chief business, his greatest
work to be to reach the unsaved through Ids people.
The passage intimates quite as plainly that the
business of the church is not mainly to support its
pastor and build him an audience room and furnish
it with various attractions, but to do the work of
ministering ; that is, every form of service that will
** build up " the body of Christ.
But let us focus the light from other passages
upon these words of Paul, and see if we can get a
still clearer view of their meaning.
There are at least five words descriptive of five
well-known occupations in life that are in various
places in the Bible used to describe or illustrate the
position of the pastor in his relation to his people.
They are "husbandman," "shepherd," "watch-
man," " captain," and " overseer," and every one
of these is squarely against the prevalent heresy
we are combating.
I. " Husbandman." God's people are his vine-
yard and the pastor is the keeper of the vineyard,
the husbandman. But the husbandman produces
no fruit. All the fruit is gathered from the vine-
yard. To-day the pastor is expected to do the pro-
ducing, while God's vineyard, the church, care-
fully nourishes and encourages him.
28 EVERY CREATURE
2. The pastor is a "shepherd " ; his people are
the flock of sheep. His business is to feed and
care for the flock. But all the outcome of his toil
must come from the flock. The shepherd produces
no fleece ; he brings forth no lambs. His study
and care is not how he himself may produce, but
how he can so feed and care for his flock that they
may produce the largest results.
3. "Watchman." When a watchman sees an
enemy coming it is not his business to get down
from his watch-tower, buckle on his armor, and
chase the enemy away. His duty is simply to
arouse the garrison of soldiers stationed within. It
is their business to buckle on the armor and re-
pulse the enemy.
4. The word " captain " is frequently used in the
Old Testament to designate the business of the
leaders of God's hosts. A captain never says to
his men in the presence of an advancing foe :
" Boys, do you see the enemy yonder ? Now, you
be good fellows ; you shout and encourage, and
support, and pray for me, and I'll march there
among them and fight and disperse them," The
very statement of such a conception destroys it.
But evidently this is the conception of many in our
churches to-day, who suppose that their main duty
is performed when they stand by, holding up the
hands of the pastor, and support him, while he
marches into the thickest of the fight, and does his
best as a champion soldier. The successful captain
is not the man who can do the best fighting by
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR 29
himself, or who has the most powerful and the most
dextrous right arm ; but the man who can make
the best soldiers out of his hundred men. For
each of his men has a right arm that may be made
as strong and as skillful as his own.
5. The word "overseer" is, however, the com-
pletest word, and most frequently used in the New
Testament to describe the work of the pastor.
" Over whom the Holy Ghost hath made you over-
seers " (Acts 20 : 28). What is the business of
an overseer in a shop where a hundred men are
employed ?
Manifestly not to do the work of that shop. The
hundred men are employed for that purpose. Man-
ifestly too, his business is not to call his hundred
men together once a week and deliver to them a
carefully prepared address upon their duties to their
employers, etc., and then dismiss them to their
homes until he can prepare another address. Nor
is it the business of those employees to get out
once or twice a week to hear their overseer's elo-
quent address, pat him on the shoulder and say,
" That was a very encouraging and helpful ad-
dress," and then make a contribution toward his
salary and the expense of lighting and warming the
shop. No, no, each one of these hundred men is
employed to do an honest day's work every day in
the week, and this overseer is put there to see that
he does it. He is to find a place for each one, and
look after his work, to help the new beginners, and
so have general charge of the work of that shop.
30 EVERY CREATURE
And his success as an overseer will be determined,
not at all by his own ability to turn off a large
amount of work, but by his ability to get the largest
amount of work and the best work from each one
of his hundred men.
How plain and simple, then, these words of the
apostle become. God gave apostles, prophets,
evangelists, pastors (overseers), and teachers, a
large array of helpers, all for one grand purpose,
" for the perfecting of the saints unto the work of
ministering, unto the building up of the body of Christ;
till we all come," apostles, prophets, evangelists,
overseers, teachers, and people together, "in the
unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the
Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure
of the stature of the fulness of Christ." Every
individual member grown into manhood. In this
way only will there be developed skilled workmen
enough to do easily and well all the work required
in bringing a revolted world back to Jesus Christ.
The writer desires to relate how his eyes were
first opened to a clear understanding of the meaning
of the Great Commission in its relation to the neg-
lected ones immediately around us.
Over thirty years ago he was pastor of a small
Baptist church in the city of Valparaiso, hid. The
membership was about one hundred. The Meth-
odist and Presbyterian churches were much stronger,
each having two hundred and fifty or over, both
also sustaining a flourishing academy that brought
into their congregations a large number of young
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR 31
people. These three and a little Christian church,
with a score of members, constituted the religious
furnishings of the city and the adjacent country,
containing, all told, a population of about four
thousand. The Baptist church was in very great
need of a revival ; there had been no conversions
for years, the spiritual state was low, the Sunday-
school small, congregations meagre, and scarcely
any unconverted at either Sabbath service. The
pastor had frequently prepared sermons for the un-
converted, and had been obliged to preach them to
professing Christians only. By some careful figur-
ing he had ascertained that there were at least fifteen
hundred people old enough to be Christians, who
never went inside of a church door. He had also
come into possession of two other facts that began
to trouble him. The first was that the Methodist
and Presbyterian churches were not likely to look
after those fifteen hundred people. Having a
large number of unconverted already in their con-
gregations, they found plenty of material to work
upon without seeking new. If, therefore, these
fifteen hundred were to be looked after, the Bap-
tists must do it.
But a second fact, still more perplexing, was that
neither the Baptist pastor, nor the membership, nor
the choir, nor the church edifice was sufficiently
attractive to draw any one of these fifteen hundred
people. How to reach them was therefore a most
perplexing problem.
They thought they had a solution. Good Brother
32 EVERY CREATURE
Ash, pastor at Laporte, twenty-five miles east, was
very popular in Valparaiso. Whenever he came a
full house greeted him ; and he had given encour-
agement that he would help when needed. So after
the week of prayer, special meetings were begun,
and Brother Ash was invited. But for some reason
lie would not come. Two deacons were sent, but
failed to bring him ; then the pastor went, but he
would not come. We felt indignant, for there
seemed no good reason ; but the Lord had shut him
up, and he just would not come.
Meanwhile the meetings were continued without
a particle of interest, only a growing anxiety on the
part of a few members to have a revival. The pas-
tor could not preach extemporaneously, and had
used up all his old preparations before the meeting
began, and of course could not prepare a written
sermon every day that had any drawing power in
it. When he had a whole week for preparation
he was unable to draw the unconverted on the
Sabbath, much less on a week night. He felt the
humiliation of his position very keenly, but not a
bit more so than his good brethren did. But what
could be done ? A little handful of anxious ones
meeting every night, praying for a revival, and yet
completely beaten when Brother Ash obstinately
said " no."
As a next best thing the pastor wrote to every
Baptist minister within reach of Valparaiso, but
was unsuccessful everywhere.
Three weeks thus passed, when as a last resort
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR 33
he went to Chicago to secure Brother Hunt, then a '
very successful Sunday-school man, a lay worker,
and a warm personal friend. Brother Hunt " wanted
to come very much, but was so situated," etc.
He fmally said: "Go and get Brother Brace."
Brother Brace was a young man, a convert of only
three years, without education, a foreigner, with a
brogue that almost made it difficult to understand
him at first acquaintance, uncouth in his appearance,
and witho-ut a particle of polish in his manners, but
a warm-hearted, genial young Christian, full of love
for Jesus, and willing to do all he could for him.
He was a mason by trade, with a mother and two
sisters depending upon him for their support. How-
ever, by our becoming personally responsible for
his wages as a mason, Brother Brace was secured.
He brought with him a satchel full of tracts and
papers, and proposed to visit every family in the
city, and speak an earnest word to every individual
in each family ; but he wanted somebody to go with
him. "Two by two," he said, "was the gospel
plan." It was with considerable difficulty that a
partner was secured. Several of our best brethren
and sisters had nothing specially important on hand
just then ; but the very idea of doing such a work
almost took their breath away. Finally good Brother
Wallace consented to go with Brother Brace, on
condition that he " shouldn't be expected to take
any part during the day ! " They began in the
morning, starting en the street next to the church.
They stopped at every house, Methodists, Presby-
C
34 EVERY CREATURE
terians, everybody. Brother Brace was very per-
sistent, yet without offense, in seeing every person
in the house — the hired girl, the man sawing wood
out in the back shed, every child, large and small.
A few, earnest, tender words, a prayer where found
desirable, and a warm invitation to attend the
meeting at night, these were the means used.
The very first night we had some new faces in
our congregation and a new interest. In fact,
Brother Wallace had found his heart and his mouth
opened long before the evening service ! Within a
week the house was full, and nearly a dozen had
asked for prayer. The Methodists who had been
conducting a meeting during all these weeks with
indifferent interest, began to wake up, and very
soon their house was full. We sent for the Pres-
byterian pastor who was helping somewhere in a
meeting ; he came home, opened his church, and
it was soon crowded. And thus for weeks, the
work developed more and more power, until salva-
tion almost literally "ran down our streets like a
river." It was by far the most extended and
powerful work of grace Valparaiso had ever en-
joyed. I do not know the number of professed
conversions, several hundred, but I know that
every person in Valparaiso had the message of sal-
vation earnestly presented to him two or three
times, at least, before that meeting closed. For
Brother Brace and partner had been at work but
three or four days, when several other parties were
ready to fall into line, and ere the meetings closed
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR 35
a large number of the converts had also undertaken
the same good work.
This was my first real lesson on the Great Com-
mission. It proved a most effectual commentary, es-
pecially in two directions : it gave a new and a very
real meaning to the one word " every creature,"
and it quite unsettled me as to the exalted position
and the exclusive heritage of the clergy.
Will the pastors who read these pages suffer this
word of exhortation, that you attempt as rapidly as
possible to get into the position of "overseers " ?
I mean by this that you come to regard the work
of developing the individual members of your church
into soul winners as your first work, rather than
the preparation and delivery of sermons. And
further, that you convince yourself thoroughly that
the true way, in fact the only effectual way, of
doing this is not primarily through sermons and
prayer meeting talks, but by actually doing it. That
is, taking one and another and another of your
members right out into the field, the "highways
and hedges " and showing them how to do personal
work, just as an "overseer" would initiate a
beginner in the shop. If you have not been doing
this in the past, your work, from an overseer's
standpoint, has largely been a failure, has it not ?
You have had one hundred, two hundred, five hun-
dred of the Lord's employees under your charge for
the past five, ten, twenty, or possibly thirty years,
and how many of these employees have become
skilled workmen under your direction ^ The num-
36 EVERY CREATURE
ber of developed soul winners in your church must
be the test of your success as an overseer.
The ordinary overseer whose men were as
"raw " after five or ten years of his oversight as
when they began work under him, v^%uld certainly
be counted a complete failure. Should he reply,
"Nay, but I have delivered the most earnest ad-
dresses to these workmen. 1 have reasoned with
them and pleaded with them as earnestly as I am
capable, and they have responded in the most
hearty 'amens,' have said, oh, so many times,
' What a splendid address,' ' How practical,' ' How
plain,' * How inspiring,' * Bound to do good.' Cer-
tainly I have had every evidence of my men's
appreciation."
Our answer would have to be : " All this may be
true, but you were employed in that shop to set
those men to work and keep them at work, sliow-
ing them how, etc. Instead of this, you have been
addressing them, talking eloquently to tliem, and
finding gratification in their clieers and their hearty
appreciation of your ability as a speaker, your
many manly qualities, etc., while the real work of
that shop and the great interests of your employer
have been sacrificed. As a matter of fact, under
your manipulation, or at least by your tacit con-
sent as their overseer, those employees have reached
the conclusion that they can stay at home six days
in tlie week and run business of their own and yet
expect wages as employees."
Of course the illustration of a shop and its over-
A MISCHIEVOUS ERROR 37
seer cannot be pushed in all directions. God is not
running a shop for the pay he can get out of it ;
nor will he go into bankruptcy if his employees re-
fuse or fail to do their work. And yet, as we have
already learned, more than one-half of the adults
in our favored land, and ninety-eight out of every
one hundred, taking all the rest of the world to-
gether, are as yet untouched by the saving influ-
ences of the gospel. And though God himself can-
not become bankrupt, or ultimately fail of accom-
plishing his great purposes of grace and love, yet
more than a thousand million souls are to-day going
into eternal bankruptcy because God's people have
failed to hear his trumpet call, " Go ye into all the
world and preacii the gospel to every creature."
God is not willing that any one of these thousand
millions should perish ; but, as we have found, is
depending upon his people as his body to go out
into the highways and hedges and compel them
to come in. And beloved brethren, because God
thought he could trust you with so important a
mission, he has put you into the ministry, and
given you the charge of his workmen. Did he
make a mistake in the selection of his leaders ^
If Paul told the truth as to the object, the great
business of the Christian ministry (Eph. 4 : 12), to
develop the saints until they shall be able to do all
kinds of service and to build up the body of Christ,
then I fear that the large proportion of us have been
pitiable failures ! Ten years, perhaps twenty or
thirty years of oversight and drilling, and the most
38 EVERY CREATURE
of our men not a whit better than when we began !
No more skillful as workmen, no larger as Chris-
tians, almost as completely babes as the day they
were born ! Many of them, in fact, smaller and
weaker than on the day of their birth ! A very
good proof this that our methods must be at fault.
Rev. Doctor Manning, in his hitroduction, speaks
of Uncle John Vassar, who is known and revered
by thousands of souls whom he was permitted to
lead to Christ, and is loved and admired by a
great host of God's people who were helped and
inspired by his thorough consecration to God and
his great love for lost men. Only a humble lay-
man, with little education and no large brain cali-
ber ; yet what a wondrous power for good ! Every-
where he went he was "a burning and a shining
light," waking up sleeping Christians and setting
whole communities on fire ! My brother pastor,
are you sure there are not a score of Uncle John
Vassars among the men and women of your church,
only awaiting your molding hand, and subject to
your call ?
IV
A SECOND ERROR
" Without me ye can do nothing " (John 15:5).
THERE is a second mischievous error, closely
related to the one just considered, quite as
prevalent, and quite as unfortunate in its
ability to paralyze effort. It is the very common
error as to the kind of effort required in winning a
soul to Christ. The very general conception seems
to be that it is largely a mental struggle, a sharp
contest between mind and mind, the weaker finally
yielding to the superior logic, the impassioned ap-
peal, the irresistible eloquence, or the hypnotic in-
fluences of the stronger.
The following excuses will suggest the prevalent
drift of thought :
" I can't talk with people so as to make any impression
upon them."
" That neighbor over there can talk all around me, there
is not a particle of use of my visiting there."
" 1 am not sufficiently posted on the evidences to reply to
Mr. H 's objections to the Bible, so what is the use of my
calling upon him? "
" If I had the learning, or the knowledge of human nature,
or such ability to get at people as my pastor possesses, I
would not hesitate a moment."
39
40 EVERY CREATURE
" There is Mrs. S , she is not especially gifted in speech
but she is wealthy, her husband is the mayor of the city, or a
senator. People respect her, and will listen attentively to
whatever she says. My husband is not so fortunate ; no one
cares particularly for me ; so what is the use?"
" Oh, 1 suppose if 1 were thoroughly consecrated, like Sister
E , if my heart were brimming full of love for the Master
and of tender interest for souls, so that whenever 1 spoke to
them the tears would come unbidden, and 1 could just over-
whelm them by my emotion — why, then I might accomplish
something. But somehow 1 never could get hold of people."
And thus in one way and another there is con-
stantly cropping out the mischievous idea that to
be a successful soul-winner I must in some way
have the ability to overmaster the one whom I
would reach, either by my superior conversational
powers, my acute logic, my learning, my position
in society, my impassioned earnestness, my mas-
tery of the emotions, or ability to control other
natural forces or elements of power. And because
the rank and file of our members do not possess
these desirable qualifications in so large a measure
as they suppose needful, they consider themselves
quite excusable, and may leave the work to the
preachers, or to a possible few in the church who
are favored with the requisite qualifications.
Now, it would be a sufficient answer to all this
to quote the plain, unequivocal language of the
Master himself, "Without me ye can do nothing."
Or the positive side of the same truth as uttered
by the apostle, " I can do all things through Christ
that strengtheneth me." Or put in still more defi-
A SECOND ERROR 41
nite terms, " He that abideth in me and I in liim,
the same bringeth forth much fruit." This tells us
absolutely that the qualifications for large useful-
ness or fruit-bearing are not dependent upon the
natural elements of power or influence over men,
but rather upon our close relations with the Lord
Jesus Christ.
The true source of power over men is most con-
clusively revealed in Gen. 32 : 28. After an all-
night wrestling, God said to Jacob : " Thy name
shall no more be called Jacob but Israel (/. e., prince
of God), for as a prince hast thou power with God
and with men and hast prevailed."
Jacob had not as yet met his brother, but God
says, "thou hast prevailed." The wicked Esau is
conquered. How conquered } By logic ? Elo-
quent speech ? An appeal to the emotions ? The
skillful manipulation of magnetic forces ? No, no,
none of these. Jacob had met God and prevailed
with him ; he had taken hold of omnipotent forces,
had moved the arm that moves the world.
And as God's true people have ever since borne
this wonderful name, " Israel," "princes of God,"
so it has ever been true that they have had power
and influence over men, not at all in proportion to
their natural resources, but in proportion to their
close relationship with the Lord Jesus Christ, for
he said : " If ye abide in me and my words abide in
you, ye shall ask what ye will and it shall be done
unto you." And th's, whether you can talk fast or
slow, reason logically or otherwise, have magnetic
42 EVERY CREATURE
powers at your command, have the influence which
the possession of wealth or position in society
brings or belong to the poorest and the most
obscure. As a matter of fact, God reveals a
reason why not many "wise men after the flesh,"
not many "mighty," not many "noble" should
be put forward in his kingdom.
" But God hath chosen the foolish things of the
world to confound the wise, and God hath chosen
the weak things of the world to confound the things
which are mighty ; and base things of the world,
and things which are despised, hath God chosen,
yea, and things which are not, to bring to nought
things that are ; that no flesh should glory in his
presence " (i Cor. i : 26-29).
And it is not difficult to understand why an en-
throned Christ rather than an eloquent tongue
should be most successful in reaching lost men.
I. What does that lost soul need in order to obtain
salvation .-' He needs to become acquainted with the
Lord Jesus Christ. "And this is life eternal that
they might know thee, the only true God and Jesus
Christ whom thou hast sent " (John 17 : 3).
To know Christ is to trust him ; to know him is
to be captured by him. " When it pleased God . . .
to reveal his Son in me immediately I conferred not
with flesh and blood " (Gal. i : 16). At once cap-
tured when the Son was revealed to him ! The
reason men do not love the Lord Jesus Christ and
trust all their interests for time and eternity to
him, is simply because they do not know him.
A SECOND ERROR 43
2. But there is no way of imparting tiiis infor-
mation, and introducing a soul to the Lord Jesus
Christ so directly and effectively as by bringing that
soul into personal contact with Jesus as he lives
enthroned in the person of a consecrated Christian.
Actions always speak louder than words. A " living
epistle" will be "known and read of all men"
where words are empty and lifeless.
Many of my readers are perhaps familiar with
Rev. A. B. Earles' account of a skeptical judge
near Boston, who was first made a skeptic and
afterward converted, by a philosophical study of
his own wife. He had listened to eloquent, clear,
powerful preaching all his life without avail. His
wife was a noble specimen of a woman, all that
could be desired as a wife, and a prominent mem-
ber of a fashionable church, a gifted leader in
church society. But the most careful scrutiny on
the part of the husband revealed no divine element
in her life. Her noble womanly qualities came to
her not through her religion, but through a ricii
natural inheritance. So far as he could see, her
religion was doing nothing for her beyond what a
well-endowed nature furnished. And so he became
skeptical, concluding there was nothing in religion
except an outward form, since his wife was ac-
counted more than an average specimen.
But there came a time of refreshing in that com-
munity, and this good wife experienced a wonder-
ful spiritual uplift that brought her close to the
Saviour, and so filled her with his gracious presence
44 EVERY CREATURE
that her entire outward Hfe was changed. Her
very face became radiant with a new-found joy
and peace. Her whole conduct revealed the pres-
ence of a new-found Friend, dearer than life, and
yet whose presence sweetened every part of life,
made her husband dearer to her, and gave an added
charm and interest to everything about her.
A few days of this new life in Christ furnished
the evidence that thirty years of nominal church-
membership and thousands of eloquent sermons
had failed to do. The judge was converted. An
enthroned Christ proved a stronger appeal than
eloquence, or logic, or magnetic currents, or Chris-
tian atmospheres !
We are told of two brothers, alike educated, keen
of intellect, powerful in speech — the one a promi-
nent minister of the gospel, the other equally
prominent as an expounder of the law, but a con-
firmed skeptic. The lawyer sent word that he
would visit his brother, remain over Sabbath, and
hear him preach. The brother considered this the
providential opportunity of his life, and so for three
weeks the midnight oil was burned and his library
ransacked in the earnest effort to prepare a sermon
whose logic should be invincible and whose reason-
ing exhaustive. The lawyer came, listened to the
able sermon and returned home. A few weeks
later he asked his brother's prayers, and told of
skepticism vanished.
With inexpressible delight the brother replied,
giving suitable counsel and help, and closed his let-
A SECOND ERROR 45
ter with the inquiry, " What particular thought in
the sermon was made such a blessing to you, my
brotiier ? It might be of value to the cause of
truth if put into tract form, or otherwise given to a
wider public."
The brother replied that the sermon, though very
able, had no special effect upon him. He had an-
swered satisfactorily to himself each different argu-
ment as it had been presented. But after the
sermon, when that old colored brother got up and in
a stammering way told of his love for Jesus, there
was something in his manner, in his glowing face,
in his moistened eyes, that said to that practical
lawyer so used to reading men — "Real," "gen-
uine," and somehow furnished an argument that
he did not know how to answer.
But incidents of this kind are familiar to us all,
and yet how slow to learn the important truth, that
it is "not by might, nor by power, but by my
Spirit." That an enthroned Christ is the real
power. " He that abideth in me and 1 in him, the
same bringeth forth much fruit." Not a little fruit,
but much fruit, much ! much ! ! much I 1 !
It is the omnipotence behind the arrow and not the
character or quality of the arrow itself,' that deter-
1 I presume it is hardly necessary for me to explain, that I am not foolish
enough to believe or teach that natural gifts or special mental training
makes no difference, and is no aid in winning a man to Christ. While the
omnipotence behind the arrow is the most important, the essential factor,
yet even an omnipotent hand can use a straight, well-shaped., smooth, and
toughened arrow with far more effectiveness than a crooked, unwieldy, ill-
shaped, and brittle affair.
When David would slay the giant Goliath with stones from his sling, he
selected smooth, round stones from a brook, stones that would go straight to
the mark when slung from his sling, instead of rough or flat or three-cornered
stones that might easily be deflected from their course.
46 EVERY CREATURE
mines chiefly how far it shall be projected, and with
what irresistible effect (see Zech. 9 : 14), and it is a
living Christ enthroned in the heart and life, actually
living in a human body, looking through human
eyes, adding an expressible charm to the counte-
nance, making the heart larger and the mouth wiser
and the feet more beautiful ; an every-day presence,
filling the heart with gladness and the lips with
laughter and praise, making unpleasant duties a
pleasure and sacrifices a joy, that preaches the
loudest sermon and the best.
A remarkably suggestive scene is that recorded
in 2 Kings 4 : 34-36, the restoration of the dead
boy to life. The prophet went alone into the room
where the dead child lay, and after shutting the
door and praying, " He went up and lay upon the
child, and put his mouth upon his mouth, and his
eyes upon his eyes, and his hands upon his hands :
and he stretched himself upon the child, and the
flesh of the child waxed warm."
And this process was repeated until " the child
opened his eyes " and life was restored. Whether
a designed type or not, there is in this strange scene
a beautiful suggestion of God's method of bringing
dead souls to life, by having a live soul, one full of
the Christ life, come into such close and persistent
contact with a dead soul, as that the warmth and
heat of the one shall become contagious, and by
and by impart itself to the other. Or to express it
in another way — this man whom I wish to reach
and save has ears, but he does not hear God's
A SECOND ERROR 47
warnings or his gracious promises, and so 1 put my
ears into his ears' place ; 1 hear for him. He has
eyes, but they do not see the dangers that beset
him, or the glorious things that are offered him ;
but 1 see these things clearly, and so I become eyes
to him. He has a mouth, but it has never been
opened in prayer to God, and so I talk to God in
his behalf, as he ought to talk for himself. His
heart is cold and dead, and so I put my heart in his
heart's place and attempt to feel for him the burden
of soul and the agony of interest that he ought to
feel for himself.
And thus I put my soul in that soul's place so
closely, so persistently, that he cannot help but
catch my fire and become warm from my heat.
is not this the central thought in the command
" Go out into the highways and hedges and compel
them to come hi " ? No man can be forced to be a
Christian. And yet, if 1 lay siege to my neighbor,
get close to him, and hold on tenaciously and per-
sistently, will not be shaken off or turned aside by
any consideration of self-interest or ease — naturally
enough, my great interest in him will by and by
awaken interest in himself.
The word leaven is a very expressive word. As
a Bible type, it represents sin. But it has a won-
derful power of assimilation ; it is able to get close
to and take hold of every particle of meal with
which it comes in contact, and hold on until it has
diffused itself, imparted its own nature to those
particles. In this particular, it becomes a remark-
48 EVERY CREATURE
ably practical illustration of what Christ's people
ought to be and may be as they come in contact
with those around them — an active, vigorous, re-
generating force,
1. Leaven or yeast is of no value or force so long
as it is kept apart from the meal. In cakes covered
with tin-foil, it is utterly useless. It is only when
dissolved in water and mixed through the entire mass
of meal so thoroughly that its particles come in con-
tact, close and direct, with every separate particle
of the meal, and remain in such close contact until
time enough has elapsed for a chemical change to
take place, that it can accomplish its work.
2. But with these conditions, the results follow
with mathematical certainty. It always accom-
plishes its mission, if the yeast is good.
Many a church is like a gross of yeast cakes cov-
ered with tin-foil, boxed up, and packed away on
ice. Good yeast it may be, but in cold cakes yet.
If we would see the power of God displayed, and
the entire community permeated with the truth, let
those yeast cakes be melted up somehow, get them
warm until fermentation begins, then start them
out into the streets and lanes of the city, out into
the highways and hedges, out into the slums, the
" deeps " of sin and depravity, and we will discover
that the old gospel has lost none of its power.
"Ye are the salt of the earth" (Matt. 5 : 13).
This is a boy's definition of salt : " Salt is that kind
of stuff that makes your potatoes taste bad when
you don't put it in."
A SECOND ERROR 49
We can readily imagine a thousand barrels of tlie
best and purest salt crowded into a warehouse, and
the warehouse surrounded by great piles of meat
and fish and vegetables of various kinds souring
and spoiling and rotting until the very atmosphere
becomes polluted and death-dealing. What is the
matter ? Only this : The salt has been kept in
those barrels instead of being distributed all through
that outlying mass.
The Christian world to-day presents the strange
phenomenon of a vast amount of apparently good
salt "barreled up" in our churches. At least, all
around these churches and living next door per-
haps, to its individual members are multitudes of
people who are spoiling and filling the moral at-
mosphere with malarial poisons, becoming worse
and worse ; for drunkenness, lewdness, debauch-
ery, anarchism, thieving, robbing, murder,' all are
said to be on the increase in our country, breath-
ing out pestilence and death. What is the matter ?
The salt has not been put in. It is barreled up
in our churches, brought out for exhibition on the
Lord's Day, or displayed at the week evening
prayer meeting, but is not brought into close living
contact with this reeking, seething mass that
crowds the saloons and gambling hells and brothels
every night, and fills our jails.
Do you note how that farmer occupies his field
of corn ? He begins at one corner of the field and
runs his cultivator alongside of each separate row
of corn, touching every hill as he passes, and then
D
50 EVERY CREATURE
back on the other side of the same row touching
every hill on that side. And then, if the corn is
planted in rows both ways, he turns about and
runs his cultivator crosswise over the entire field ;
so that when the field is completed, he has touched
each separate hill of corn on all four sides. He has
not simply touched these separate hills ; he has
pressed his cultivator right down into the soil and
thoroughly stirred it clear to the very roots of these
hills, and all around them on all four sides; so that
the entire soil has been moved and made mellow.
And frequently he has had to stop his team and
reach down and with his own hand pluck out from
between the stocks of corn some wild vine that has
secured a foothold there, and which, if unmolested
would ruin the entire hill.
Thus each hill in that field receives his careful
attention according to its needs. And he does this,
not once or twice, but he keeps at it all summer.
Over and over again he stirs the soil around these
hills, and removes the obstructions to their growth,
until every separate stock in each hill has devel-
oped all its strength, and is ready to produce a
golden harvest.
God's hills are all souls, precious souls of incon-
ceivable value, each separate soul of inconceivable
value, and God wants each one saved. He wants
this particular neighbor saved who lives in the
same block with me and upon whom I have never
yet called. God has called upon that neighbor ten
thousand times and been deeply, intensely inter-
A SECOND ERROR 51
ested in his salvation. He has spared his life all
these years, restored him from grievous sicknesses,
averted dangers, thrown around him a thousand
kindly providences. In fact, he has done all that
God himself can do except to force me as his co-
laborer to do my part, not willing that any should
perish. But he is crippled in this instance and
handicapped by my unbelief or want of consecra-
tion or of clear views of duty and responsibility.
For how can that neighbor "hear without a
preacher" ? And the preacher who lives nearest
to him, I myself, has never yet called upon him.
The main reason, therefore, so far as I may know,
why that neighbor is not yet saved is simply my-
self. Possibly I have imagined the reason to be
because that neighbor is so depraved that he will
not come to our attractive meeting-house and listen
to our able pastor or the delightful music which we
have so liberally helped to procure. Perhaps so,
and yet it remains true that God loves that soul so
intensely that he had him directly in mind when
he said to me, "Occupy this field for me." And
when he found that this neighbor would not be
attracted by the fine music or the eloquent preach-
ing, then he said to me still more directly and posi-
tively, " Go over there and compel him to come
in," or, keeping in thought the figure of the corn-
field and this neighbor as one of the hills, God asks
me to go over there and get right down by the side
of this particular hill and dig all around it, stirring
the soil of his heart to its very depths with God's
52 EVERY CREATURE
plowshare, his irresistible word, and keep doing
this persistently, if need be, with tears, giving him
no rest nor God rest until by the aid of the Holy
Spirit, who always accompanies such effort, this
hill has been won for Christ and transformed into
a fruit-producing plant.
This sort of individual, personal work has some-
how never seemed to enter into the thought of the
great body of our Christian laymen as a personal
obligation. But suppose we put the matter squarely
and earnestly in this way :
(i) If present methods have so far failed to reach
that neighbor ; (2) if present methods crowded to
their utmost tension would probably be equally
unsuccessful in reaching this particular case ; (3)
but if a personal effort made by myself after the
fashion just suggested would probably be success-
ful— then the conclusion seems absolutely un-
avoidable, God wants me to make that effort. The
interests of that precious soul are specially com-
mitted to me, in such a sense too, fearful thought !
that if I fail and that soul perishes his blood will be
required at my hands.
As a matter of fact, if the great revivals of mod-
ern times, the really deep, powerful ones, could be
carefully investigated, the personal element would be
seen to be the predominating feature. The author's
experience while doing the work of an evangelist
has been uniformly this. If he succeeded in arous-
ing the church-members so that they became deeply
interested and anxious for a revival, that interest
A SECOND ERROR 53
would invariably manifest itself in the individual
members of the church singling out specific cases
for prayer. A wife will become intensely anxious
for her husband and ask the church to pray for
him. And she herself will hold right on, becoming
every day more and more anxious, pleading with
constantly increasing intensity for the church's aid,
and combining such appeals to the church with her
own individual efforts to interest her husband. A
parent will in the same way become interested in
a child, a Sunday-school teacher for her class or
for individuals in her class, another one for some
hardened sinner.
I shall never forget how a pastor once singled
out the three leading men of the place, all rough,
swearing, ungodly men. He asked us all to pray
for them ; did not mention their names, only said,
" those three men," and kept on saying it at every
meeting for prayer until every member of the
church became interested in "those three men,"
and prayer ascended to God every day and almost
continually for over six weeks until the trio were
one after the other converted.
My conviction is that no real deep work of grace
is possible that does not develop this element of
individual work for individual souls. No matter
how powerful the preaching or how noted the evan-
gelist, that preaching is the most powerful and se-
cures largest results which first reaches and arouses
God's people to personal effort and to mighty wres-
tling prayer for individual sinners.
54 EVERY CREATURE
When Elder Jacob Knapp was in his prime as an
evangelist he went to Utica, New York, and spent
eleven weeks there. Beginning in a small Baptist
church, his congregations rapidly grew. Larger
churches were offered him and still larger until the
largest room in the city was occupied and packed
to the doors day after day.
For nine weeks this eccentric man of God
preached to professing Christians only, not a ser-
mon to the unconverted. But at the end of the
nine weeks the whole Christian population of the
city apparently were upon their knees in bitter re-
pentance for their sins, especially the sin of neglect-
ing their neighbors' souls. And they started out
two by two to visit every unsaved person in the
city. They met their unconverted neighbors, the
ungodly business men of the city, as well as their
own husbands and wives and brothers and sons
with tears and pleaded for forgiveness for years of
neglect, and then with great tenderness and intense
earnestness besought them to be reconciled to God.
This was going out into the "deep." It was
real obedience to the Great Commission, an earnest
attempt to " preach the gospel to every creature."
And the results were simply marvelous. In two
weeks eleven hundred persons were converted.
Many imagine such old-fashioned revivals are
things of the past and cannot be expected in these
days. 'But try this method and see.
SENT TO SAVE
" As thou hast sent me into the world, even so have I also
sent them into the world" (John 17 : 18).
THE picture forming the frontispiece presents a
robust-looking man out on a wide, deep sea,
leisurely rowing along in a large lifeboat,
looking skyward, and singing lustily as he rows,
"I'm bound for the kingdom, glory, hallelujah,"
while all around him are hundreds of drowning men
and women struggling vainly for life amid the angry
billows. But in his selfish joy he moves leisurely
on, singing his psalms, and shouting his hallelujahs,
apparently unmoved by the fearful catastrophes
that are almost momentarily taking place around
him—the look of despair, the piteous cry for help,
the sinking to rise no more, of one and another and
another— but on he rows, and on he sings, and the
lifeboat remains empty !
Now, this man in the lifeboat is designed to
represent many a professing Christian who sup-
poses he has a good hope and can " read his title
clear. to mansions in the skies," but can look on
with apparent indifference at the awful peril of the
great mass of people about him, and make no effort
to rescue them. The picture, however, is an un-
55
56 EVERY CREATURE
natural caricature. In the first place, these drown-
ing men and women know that they are drowning,
and make frantic efforts to save themselves, crying
piteously for aid ; whereas the lost men around the
average Christian are doing nothing of the kind ;
are neither appealing piteously for help, nor even
embracing the multitude of opportunities that are
offered them for rescue, if the average Christian
to-day were confronted with such a scene as is
described in the picture, he would undoubtedly at
once interest himself in the rescue of such anxious
ones. The problem we have to face is a very dif-
ferent one. Men have become the enemies of God,
are poisoned by sin, deceived by the arch-enemy,
until sin has become "a sweet morsel," and they
do not want to part company with it. They are
drowning, it is true, but are enjoying their drown-
ing as a pleasant pastime ! They will not be per-
suaded to get into the lifeboat, even though it
stops at their side and offers rescue.
Nevertheless, the picture is full of suggestiveness
to the average Christian ; for the very fact that the
great mass of the unsaved are deceived and blinded
and poisoned so that they do not want to be saved,
only adds to the terribleness of the situation. Be-
cause a man is determined to be lost is a reason
why heaven and earth should be moved to rescue
him, if there is any possibility of rescue.
Not long since a woman threw herself from a
ferryboat, while crossing the Delaware River be-
tween Philadelphia and Camden. She was suffer-
SENT TO SAVE 57
ing from mental derangement and had previously
made several attempts to destroy herself, but that
fact made no difference. Immediately the engine
was reversed, and passengers and crew made every
effort possible to rescue her. She fought with her
rescuers and was determined to die, but they finally
succeeded in saving her ; and no passenger on board
that boat was cold-blooded enough to find fault be-
cause of the delay !
If God's word points out the effectual method of
making those unwilling ones willing, in the day of
God's power, and these multitudes around me who
are so joined to their idols that they do not want to
be saved, and who often resent my earnest efforts
in this direction — if these may still be rescued, and
I, after knowing this fact, remain indifferent, then
this picture should be my sharp rebuke. If there
is a possibility of rescue, then such rescue becomes
the great business of my life.
HUMAN SYMPATHIES DEMAND IT
Human sympathies would require just this kind
of earnest personal effort for the perishing around
us, were there no such command as the " Great
Commission " in the Bible.
Human sympathies are very strong. When
thoroughly aroused they master us completely.
Sordid, selfish men forget their selfishness, and in
the presence of helplessness or danger will risk
their lives. A whole community will become ex-
58 EVERY CREATURE
cited to a white heat over a single child lost. Busy
men will forget their business and by the hundreds
spend days and nights in the most careful search,
until the lost one is found.
I shall never forget a sad incident connected with
a large fire in the city of Amboy, 111., in 1871. The
north side of Main Street caught fire in the middle
of the night, and nearly the entire business portion
of the city was burned to the ground. An old one-
story brick building, on the south side of the street,
with walls thick, strong and old-fashioned, was used
as a lock-up, our local jail. Late in the evening
the sheriff had locked up in it a poor drunken man,
and had the key in his pocket. The old building
was usually empty. No one outside of the sheriff
knew anything of the occurrence. The fire which
started two or three hours later was on the north
side, and everybody thought could be easily con-
fined there. But when the north side had become
one vast sheet of flame, the heat became so intense
that suddenly fire broke out in half a dozen places
on the south side, and in an incredibly short time
our old jail was surrounded by devouring flames.
The poor prisoner, awakened by the heat from his
drunken slumber, suddenly filled the air with frantic
screams — the first intimation we had that the old
jail was occupied. And instantly faces were
blanched ; the terrible news quickly spread ; the
burning houses were forgotten in the fearful con-
sciousness that a man was exposed to a cruel fate.
A thousand were ready to help ; but alas ! we were
SENT TO SAVE 59
all helpless, the door was locked. The sheriff was
valiantly fighting the fire away in the rear of the
burning buildings on the north side, and knew
nothing of the situation at the jail until it was too
late ! A large log was found and a score or more
of strong men picked it up and rushed around in
the rear of the building, and though dangerously
exposed to the terrible heat, made a battering-ram
of the log, and worked like tigers to break a hole
into the wall. But in vain ! The poor man per-
ished, and the whole community felt the humilia-
tion of a sad blunder. And though the sheriff was
not at fault, save as forgetfulness was fault, yet he
found it expedient to leave the city and did not
venture to return for several months.
All this intense interest, an agony of interest, over
one poor, worthless life ! And is a precious soul, lost
in the mazes of sin, of less interest than a child that
has wandered into yonder wild wood ? or an eternal
death less horrible than a temporal one ?
Jesus could weep over Jerusalem, and Paul could
have "a great heaviness and continual sorrow of
heart" over the blindness of his own people, and
could be "pressed beyond measure" so as to be
called " beside himself," and feel such a weight of
responsibility that he counted himself a "debtor"
to all men, and wherever he went, as for three
years at Ephesus, " ceased not to warn every man
night and day with tears." But not so the most of
us to-day. A mother will bend with intense inter-
est over the cradle of her darling little one brought
6o EVERY CREATURE
to death's door by a dangerous illness. How she
watches every variation of its beating pulse ! In
her agony she forgets to eat, forgets to sleep. She
would almost give her own life to save that precious
one. Such is a mother's love. But that little one
lives, grows into manhood, a sinner. The devil
gets the advantage of him, wraps his chains around
him, and rapidly is fitting that child for the unspeak-
able sorrows of an endless night ; but does that fond
mother in her agony of interest over the lost soul
forget to eat or forget to sleep ?
If I were standing near a high bridge, and should
see a blind man approach with a view of passing
over, and should happen to know that some work-
men had just gone to their dinner, leaving a dan-
gerous gap in the center of the bridge uncovered,
but say nothing at all to my blind neighbor, simply
look on while he merrily presses forward, reaches
the fatal gap, steps over, and is dashed in pieces
one hundred feet below, am I guilty of his blood ?
The law of Moses says " Yes " ; the common sense
of manhood the world over would say "Yes."
Providence had made me just then a watchman for
that blind man. I saw the danger but raised no cry
of alarm. His blood would be required at my hands.
And so the very relations we sustain as Chris-
tians to the blinded souls all around us, and the
blinded ones everywhere ; our ability to see, our
knowledge of their danger and of God's wondrous
provision for their escape, providentially constitute
us watchmen ; and we cannot shirk the respon-
SENT TO SAVE 6 1
sibility. So the people of Gennesaret evidently
reasoned :
" And when the men of that place had knowledge
of him, they sent out into all that country round
about, and brought unto him all that were diseased ;
" And besought him that they might only touch
the hem of his garment : and as many as touched
were made perfectly whole " (Matt. 14 : 35, 36).
Two important facts put together, aroused all
their natural sympathies, and led them to organize
a systematic effort to reach every needy one in
their country — first, the knowledge that there
were diseased ones all around them ; and second,
that now Jesus had come into their country who
was both able and willing to heal every one who
could be brought to him. They reasoned at once,
" Now is our opportunity ; here is a man able and
willing to heal every person we can bring to him.
It would be a burning shame under such circum-
stances, to allow any suffering one in our neighbor-
hood to be deprived of so marvelous a favor." And
so they quit their business for the time being.
Every sick person, or blind, or lame, or palsied, or
leprous is visited and by some means induced to go
with the committee, or allow the committee to carry
them to Jesus, and every one of them is healed.
It did not require any special command from the
lips of Jesus to induce the strong, healthy men and
women of Gennesaret to engage in such a humane
mission. Had one poor unfortunate anywhere in
that country been left out, shame would have cov-
62 EVERY CREATURE
eied the face of every healthy person. They
could never have forgiven themselves for such an
inhuman oversight, especially if said unfortunate
had remained for years a sufferer.
And so if any soul plunges headlong into eternal
night, within our reach, unwarned by us who know
the two great facts, his danger and God's remedy,
he will perish in his sins, but his blood will be re-
quired at our hands. (See Ezek, 33 : 8, 9.) So long,
then, as so great a proportion of the earth's popula-
tion are still perishing in their sins in total igno-
rance of Jesus Christ as the world's Saviour ; and
so long as it remains true, as it is true now, that the
Christian people of the world have the time and
the men and the money in abundance to reach
speedily every one of earth's teeming millions with
the gospel message — so long the blood of every per-
ishing one wiH be required at our hands. And
therefore, until this obligation has been fully met,
the Great Commission is and must be our life's
business, whether Jesus has said so or not.
Common human sympathies, the natural relations
we sustain to each other, make the Great Commis-
sion obligatory.
I wish to tell a little incident of our Western college life.
The Northwestern University, situated at Evanston, twelve
miles north of Chicago, has organized among its students a
volunteer life-saving crew, which has become famous for its
services. Some years ago in the early morning, there came
the word that a steamer was in distress. The students hurried
down to the shore. There they saw the " Lady Elgin," not
only in distress, but going to pieces, and men and women in
SENT TO SAVE 63
Imminent peril of being lost. Among the students were two
brothers from Iowa. One of these brothers stripped off ail
surplus trappings and swam out and brouglit one to the shore,
and another, and another, and another, and another, until he
had, what seems incredible, some eight or nine rescued on the
shore of Lake Michigan. They had built a fire of logs and
he was blue with cold. As he stood there trembling before
the fire, and looked out over the lake again, he saw another
man in peril. He said, " 1 must go again." They gathered
around him and said, " It does not mean rescue for him for
you to go ; it means death to you." He broke from the crowd
and plunged out, and he brought a tenth, an eleventh and
twelfth, and again he stood, strength apparently all gone.
And as they looked at him there, so blue and chilled, they
thought that death had put its finger upon him. He looked
out and again he saw others in peril, and again he struck out
through the storm, and he brought the thirteenth, and four-
teenth, and fifteenth to the shore. And now he stood there by
the fire once more. Again he looked out and saw a beam
drifting In, and clinging to that beam a man. And as he looked
again he saw the man's wife, apparently, and the man was
making almost superhuman efforts to save his wife, and as he
looked he saw that beam was drifting around a point of land
that meant death. He broke out from the crowd again.
He plunged into the water, grasped hold of that beam. He
swung it round the perilous corners of that lake, and brought
man and wife safely to land.
That afternoon as he stood in his room with his room-mate,
shivering and white and exhausted, he said, " Did I do my
best? Did I do my very best? Oh, I am afraid I did not do
my best." And that night they say he tossed in delirium all
night, and they tried to calm him, and his brother sat beside
his bed as he tossed through the night. The only thing he
thought of were those that were lost. His brother said,
" Why, you saved seventeen." " Oh," he said, " If I could
only have saved one more! "
Gentlemen, look out to-day. Don't you see the storm-
tossed sea? Don't you see the people in your home? Don't
64 EVERY CREATURE
you see the millions of heathen going down? Oh, in the
strength of God, men, in the strength of God to-day let us
plunge in again and again and again, until every last ounce
of strength is gone, and when at last utterly exhausted in the
service of Jesus Christ, we sink upon the sand, in the inten-
sity of our longing to save some, let us cry, " Oh, if 1 could
only have saved just one more ! " ^
THE VALUE OF THE SOUL DEMANDS IT
The unspeakable value of the soul requires just
such a mission for life from every individual.
This thought has of course been taken for
granted, as it lies at the basis of the previous argu-
ment. But 1 wish to make the thought prominent
by bringing it directly to the surface. If every soul
on earth is of unspeakable value, then no possible
press of business, or any considerations of an
eal'thly character can constitute a sufficient excuse
for neglecting any one of them. Let me present
clearly and sharply two thoughts.
I. I have sometimes allowed my imagination to
run somewhat after this fasliion. Suppose we had
no souls, no future existence. Fifteen hundred
millions of people on the earth's surface to-day,
each living his allotted time, taking his share of joy
and sorrow, and then passing out of existence to be
no more. The average of human life, taking the
world together, is estimated at about thirty-three
years. And so if we could add all the lives upon
earth together, there would be a grand total of
fifty billions of years. A monster aggregate ! What
^ Rev. R. A. Torrey, in "The Evangel and Sabbath Outlook."
SENT TO SAVE 65
an inconceivable amount of joy and of sorrow,
of pleasure and of pain, of developing character,
and of besotted beastliness is crowded into that
fifty billions of years, the sum total of all the lives
of this generation !
But now suppose that somewhere in our own
country, or possibly in China, or in the wilds of
Africa, one person should be found who had a soul,
and was surely destined to an eternal existence.
There would instantly gather about that one indi-
vidual, more of interest and of value, than about all
the balance of the world's population put together.
For that one soul will live longer than all the lives
of all the rest of earth's inhabitants added one to
another. In fact, after that one soul has been in ex-
istence fifty billions of years, eternity will only have
begun : he will have just as long to live after that
as he had at the beginning. If he is happy, the sum
total of his happiness will infinitely outmeasure the
sum total of all the happiness to be enjoyed by all
the balance of earth's inhabitants during their brief
existence here. Or if he is miserable for eternity,
the sum total of his misery will be immeasurably
more than all the miseries and all the sorrows, and
all the heartaches, and heartburns of earth added
one to another. To secure that one soul's happi-
ness for eternity, or to leave it in a hopeless and
eternal night, must therefore be an unspeakably
greater work than all the other interests in this
world combined.
If I had it in my power, by earnest effort and
E
66 EVERY CREATURE
large sacrifice to make one million men happy, real
happy, continuously happy, each for thirty years,
my name would be handed down through all the
coming generations as one of earth's noblest bene-
factors. But if I should refuse to make the sacrifice,
and leave a million men to untold hardships and
sufferings, each for the thirty years, I would rightly
be branded as a fiend and a traitor to humanity, and
all the coming generations would unite in cursing me.
And yet to rescue one single soul from the outer
darkness, and secure for it the unending bliss of the
saved, is a work ten thousand times more valuable,
and its neglect unspeakably more terrible. And
hence all other merely earthly interests must in-
stantly yield whenever they come in conflict, even
remotely, with this one all-absorbing interest.
2. The second thought will therefore be immedi-
ately accepted, with no possible chance of avoiding
the conclusions reached.
Suppose two courses or paths in life are offered
to each one of us. The one is a very pleasant and
in every way a desirable course, filled with beauty
and joy, with the best of companionships, all that
heart could wish ; accompanied too, with the con-
stant consciousness of accomplishing a grand work
for the world, for God, and for eternity — for suppose
the results of so desirable a life's work could be the
salvation of one hundred souls. Magnificent results
of a delightful pathway, strewn all the way with
fragrant flowers.
The other course is the very opposite. It leads
SENT TO SAVE (yj
through a path filled only with briars and thorns ;
no deUcioLis flowers, no delightful companionships,
a hard, rough road full of self-denials and crosses
and hot furnaces all the way through. But this
hard, undesirable, cross-bearing life finally results
in the salvation of one hundred and one souls, one
soul more than the other course.
Now, which of these two courses would we choose ?
Which would you choose, my brother 1 Which one
shall I choose ? Let us take our souls to task over
this question, for it cuts to the quick, does it not ?
And yet to choose the easy, pleasant, self-indul-
gent path which every one of us is prone to do,
and very likely would do with very few exceptions,
would be to place one life of pleasure here against
a soul's happiness forever. It would say, " I am
unwilling to suffer a few brief years here in the
flesh to save one soul from suffering during the eter-
nal ages. I am unwilling to deny myself a few brief
years of pleasure and joy that a soul may be lifted
up to the unspeakable joys and glories of heaven
forever." The rankest, meanest selfishness this !
The very opposite of the spirit of my Master who
chose to sacrifice everything that 1 might enjoy the
bliss and glory of heaven !
Surely the unspeakable value of the soul would
require just such a mission for life.
THE UNCONVERTED WORLD DEMANDS IT
The way indicated is the only possible way of
proving to the unconverted world the supreme im-
68 EVERY CREATURE
portaiice of religion, and the exceeding value of the
soul. When the Christian people in any community
become so thoroughly in earnest for souls that they
are impelled to go right out after them in earnest,
personal conversation, neglecting their business to
do it, making sometimes great personal sacrifices to
do it, it does not take long for the unconverted to
get the thought that the soul must be of value and
religion a personal matter to them.
On the contrary, when Christians of any com-
munity club together and employ a man to do their
preaching and their house-to-house visiting for them,
while they go on about their worldly business, the
impression is unavoidable that, while religion may
be of great importance, it is not quite so important
as our regular business, and should never interfere
with it. Human nature is such that we do not do
things in that way ; we cannot when we become in-
tensely interested in any matter.
A little child is lost in a neighboring wood. You
do not employ a skillful scout at good wages to
hunt up the child — yes, you might do that, but you
would not wait on him alone. Everybody turns
out and the woods are thoroughly scoured, until the
little one is found. Before one man could get over
all that ground the little one might perish.
If your friend has fallen into the water and is
drowning you will hardly wait to circulate a sub-
scription and send abroad for a skillful swimmer.
The first man at the water's edge who can swim at
all would be implored to hasten to the rescue.
SENT TO SAVE 69
A loved one has taken poison. You will of course
hasten to the nearest physician. But he may be
absent or a long way off. You will not wait a
moment, even for him, if you know what to do
yourself or if any of your neighbors can tell you.
And when the physician comes you will not then
coolly go about your business, not if you care very
much about the outcome ; you will undoubtedly
stay right by, till the crisis is over at least, business
or no business.
So if I believe that my neighbor's soul is worth
inconceivably more than any possible earthly thing,
and that it is in immediate danger of eternal loss,
how can 1 go quietly about my worldly business
and leave that soul's eternal destiny to the uncer-
tainties of a proxy, who has so much work thrust
upon him that he may never reach that neighbor of
mine until it is too late ? And especially if I know
that all the proxies that have been employed for
years past in my community have so far failed to
reach even the one-half of the perishing ones im-
mediately around me }
1 believe the soul vastly more valuable than any-
thing else on earth. And yet I have left over one-
half of my own neighbors and friends without a
persistent effort to rescue them. Surely there must
be some mistake about my conception of the soul's
value. My whole past life would indicate that
there are many things of more value in my eye
than the souls of my neighbors.
But if there are serious questions as to my ortho-
70 EVERY CREATURE
doxy, how about those neighbors of mine who have
so far been neglected ? How can they find by any-
thing they have ever seen that the soul has any
special value ? If they carefully study my past
life, for instance, to find out the soul's value, will
they not conclude that a good horse or a comfort-
able home or possibly a new suit of clothes has
occupied more of my thoughts and of my heart
than the interests of their lost souls ?
I may reply that " I pay twenty-five, fifty, or
one hundred dollars a year to support the gospel
and help save my neighbors, that I have five hun-
dred dollars invested in the church building, that I
attend every night, and sometimes twice a day for
a month, or even two months, during the protracted
meeting, and almost always take part while there.
Is not all this proof enough of deep interest ?
Yes, proof enough of deep interest in something.
But suppose I subject myself to a little sharp cross-
questioning for a moment. How much, for instance,
have I put into tobacco during the past year ? Or
into fancy horses, or into my summer outing, or
into that additional eighty acres that I purchased in
the spring, or into that palatial residence recently
built, or into the furnishing of some of its rooms,
or into a more stylish wardrobe, or the enlarging of
my business ? If the money I have put into the
cause of Christ, and the time given to it are offered
in evidence of a deep heart interest, I must not
wince when the light is turned on or when my heart
is probed to the bottom. As a matter of fact the
SENT TO SAVE 7 1
time that I put into that protracted meeting was not
very valuable time. 1 did not sacrifice business
interests or crowd my farm work very much. The
meeting was held at a season of the year and at an
hour of the day when I was not specially crowded.
And the amount of money I have put into the
Lord's cause, all told, is perhaps one-twentieth or
possibly scarcely one-fiftieth part as much as 1 have
invested in worldly interests ; and so if contribu-
tions of time and money are the gauge of real in-
terest, they will prove me about one-twentieth or
one-fiftieth as much interested in souls and in heav-
enly treasures as in the body and in earthly things.
Perhaps, however, this sort of probing is too
sharp ; it may not be applicable to the case in hand.
Suppose, on the contrary, that 1 am a thoroughly
earnest and devoted Christian, and have given my
money and time from the purest love to God and
the most earnest desire to save souls ; that in fact
this is the uppermost desire of my heart. Yet 1
ought to know that, however thoroughly I have
proved to myself and to the church and to a por-
tion of the unconverted around me a deep interest
in souls, yet my money and my efforts have failed
to touch in any efficient way that vast number
around me, that unfortunate one-half of our popu-
lation whom existing methods have not reached.
So that all my gifts and efforts have failed to fur-
nish clear evidence to these persons that I have a
special care for souls.
They look on and say, " Yes, that man is evi-
72 EVERY CREATURE
dently interested in something. He spends a good
deal of time and money in religious matters. Prob-
ably that is his way of getting enjoyment out of
life. As to his interest in souls, well, we don't know
about that. He has worked hard to get his relations
into the church and a few of his neighbors. Perhaps
he thinks them saved from a deal of misery in the
next world. But he evidently cares very little for
us. Been living right here for thirty, fifty years
past, and had a thousand chances to talk his religion
to us. But never a word. His love for particular,
favorite souls may be strong, but his love for average
souls like ours isn't very much, to say the least."
Dear brethren in Christ, this is a fearfully serious
charge, that it is impossible to teach the uncon-
verted world the superlative value of the soul by
our present methods of church work or by any
proxy attempts to reach them while the principals
in the case, the employers, that is, the great body
of professing Christians, are pressing every energy
in the acquisition of wealth or other worldly treas-
ures and for worldly ends.
Intense personal effort pressed incessantly "night
and day with tears," disclosing a great burden, a
deep heart current that is deeper and stronger than
any other heart longing — oh, this is the great need
of the hour. And such as this can only be born,
and, after it is born, only developed by direct obe-
dience to this Great Commission, a personal at-
tempt, so far as in us lies, to " preach the gospel to
every creature."
VI
INCENTIVES rO ACTION
" Who for the joy that was set before him endured the
cross, despising the shame" (Heb. 12 : 2).
" He shall see of the travail of his soul and shall be satis-
fied" (Isa. 53 : II).
A CLEAR view of the future life such as the
Bible unfolds would affect us as it affected
Jesus and so constrain us to make his life's
mission ours.
Jesus saw something ahead that satisfied him,
some picture of the future that so completely cap-
tured him that it lifted him over the cross and
made him willing to despise the shame.
A skillful artist will select a rough piece of mar-
ble and discover an angel in it, and upon this dis-
covery will proceed to expend upon that uncouth
piece of marble an immense amount of labor and
patience and skill. For days and weeks and montiis
and even years, if he be working for immortality,
he chisels and measures and scrapes and rubs and
polishes until he has brought the angel out. Now
it is very evident that the artist had the angel in
his mind and upon his heart during this whole
period of hard, persistent labor. The vision of the
angel furnished him the motive and gave him the
73
74 EVERY CREATURE
inspiration all the time. It lifted him over all the
hard places, furnishing him the balm alike for
weary brain and aching muscles. He could not
have been induced to put in all this toil and thought
and artistic effort, in fact, would never have begun
the work at all had he not discovered the angel at
the very beginning.
I sometimes say, when presenting the work of
the Children's Home Society, that if it could be
proven that one of the bright little boys we fre-
quently have for placement in a Christian family
would certainly become a president of the United
States almost every second family in the country
would be willing to take that boy. Though many
of them had boys of their own, they would want
this boy, and simply because they had discovered
a president in him. This important discovery
would tone and color all their relations to that boy,
their method of discipline and training, the kind of
work both physical and mental. Everything they
did for that boy or required him to do would be
done because they had discovered a president.
Very much depends upon what we discover as
the outcome of our labor and sacrifices. We need
to see an angel or a president or some large result
if we persist in well-doing in the midst of great sac-
rifices or severe afflictions.
God understands perfectly this peculiarity of our
nature, for it is just like his own, and hence has
placed before us as inducement to a life of constant
sacrifice and persevering toil in the one direction
INCENTIVES TO ACTION 75
the largest possible promises and the most glorious
anticipations.
In a little book entitled " The Value of a Child "
this astounding proposition is made and we think
clearly proven :
"Among all created beings in the universe God
has chosen to lift redeemed man up to the very
highest place."
This statement is wild and exaggerated beyond
conception if not true. But if it is true or any-
where near the truth every intelligent person on
earth ought to know it well.
After showing briefly that the scheme of human
redemption seems to be central in God's plans for
the entire universe, the author then points out defi-
nitely and clearly that in at least seven important
particulars the redeemed from this world will ap-
parently have the advantage of the highest angels
or archangels.
1. They are to be the bride, the recognized wife
of the great King (Isa. 54 : 5 ; Rev. 19 : 7, 9 ; 21 : 9).
2. They are counted as brothers and sisters and
therefore on a social equality with Jesus (John
15 : 15 ; Mark 3 : 35 ; Heb. 2:11; Rom. 8 : 29).
3. They are to have bodies like his glorious body
(Phil. 3 : 21 ; i Cor. 15 : 47, 49).
4. They will bear his image and appear like him
in every respect (2 Peter 1:4;! John 5:1; 3:2).
5. They will share with him all his infinite wealth
as to material possessions (Rev. 21:7; Gal. 4:1,7;
I Cor. 3 : 21, 22 ; Rom. 8 : 17).
76 EVERY CREATURE
6. They will share with him his royal preroga-
tives, sit with him upon his throne, reign with him,
etc. (Rev. 3 : 21 ; i : 6 ; 22 : 5).
7. They will forever enjoy the distinction of
priests, men who stand nearest to God and become
his represeotatives to the people, teachers, God's
ambassadors, ministers plenipotentiary, in a certain
sense revealers of God (i Peter 2 : 5, 9 ; Rev.
20 : 6; 1:6).
In connection with this carefully study the mean-
ing of the two following statements :
"And his name shall be in their foreheads"
(Rev. 22 : 4) ; " his body, the fulness of him that
filleth all in all" (Eph. i : 23).
Do these passages intimate that Christ's people
through the ages of eternity are to be his body and
so divinely furnished that through them he can
reveal himself in all his infinite fullness to all the
intelligent beings in the universe ? Can this be
the thought of this wonderful passage ? Surely,
Glorious things of thee are spoken,
Zion, city of our God.
And it is at least safe to affirm that not one of all
these royal prerogatives is enjoyed by the angels.
They do not have material bodies like unto his glo-
rious body. They were not begotten in his image,
hence they are not reckoned as children, for " he
took not upon him the nature of angels." They
do not belong to the private family of the great
King — high lords, mighty princes they may be, but
INCENTIVES TO ACTION 'j'j
not blood relatives, members of the royal family.
Neither do they sit with the King upon the throne,
they stand around the throne as waiting servants.
They do not wear crowns, nor reign as kings, nor
perform the office of priests ; nor are they counted
as the bride of the great King, heaven's queen ;
neither are they heirs of the material universe, nor
counted as sharing with the Lord of lords and King
of kings his honor and glory and an equal place
with him in the tender love of the Father.
Well, now our thought is that we ought as Chris-
tian workers to have clear views upon this subject,
the future of the saved — not simply or chiefly my
future, but the future of the one I am permitted to
rescue ; or otherwise I can have neither the right
nor a sufficient motive and inspiration to effort.
Evidently Jesus gladly endured the cross. One of
our poets says :
He saw, and O amazing love ! \\t flew to our relief.
Down from the shining courts above, with joyful haste he sped.
And it was all because he loved ! And he loved
because he saw two things, our present condition as
lost, and what we might become if saved. " For
the joy that was set before him he endured the
cross." A glowing, glorious picture of the future —
that great company of redeemed ones, as happy as
they can be, and constantly growing happier ; the
noblest beings in the universe, all patterned after
the great King himself, and constantly becoming
more like him ; the most useful beings in the uni-
78 EVERY CREATURE
verse, because most resembling their Lord, and
therefore best qualified to do good, and growing
more and more valuable as the ages of eternity
pass on.
Oh, what a picture ! How inspiring to a lofty
soul that has forgotten self and finds supremest
joy and pleasure in the joy and in the advancing
glory of others. And to think that all this company
of magnificent ones, so supremely happy and so in-
calculably valuable to the whole universe, have
been rescued from a horrible pit, were slaves of sin,
hopelessly poisoned and wrecked by it, led captive
by the devil at his will, and were snatched out of
their fearful destiny and lifted up into such exceed-
ing joy and glory by reason of his own sacrifices
and supreme self-surrender !
Was not such a picture enough to satisfy Jesus ?
And ought not and would not such a picture satisfy
us, and make us willing to endure any cross, or de-
spise any shame ? Can I look over into that neigh-
bor's house, the fourth door from mine, and see
that soul under the power of sin and Satan, rapidly
getting ripe for the "outer darkness," and then look
forward into the future and see a face " shining as
the sun," see a "king and a priest unto God " —
yea, not one such only, but the children of this
saved one, and his children's children, and all the
others, perhaps a mighty throng of redeemed ones
who have been led to Christ by this neighbor of
mine, or by his children, or by his children's chil-
dren— can I or can any one see these two pictures
INCENTIVES TO ACTION 79
plainly and then hesitate for one moment to hasten
to the rescue ? And will not the few hours or the
days of effort required in reaching such a soul, if
the Holy Spirit guides and the Master is with me,
be the sweetest hours of my life ?
Suppose it does prove a very difficult case to
reach and may require "some deed of kindness
done " to win a place and open the heart for the re-
ception of the truth, or require valuable time from
my business, or the emptying of my pocket-book,
or even the still harder cross, a frank and open
confession of years of sinful neglect, is there any
cross of sacrifice or burden that I will find myself
unwilling to bear or endure if only so wondrous a
prize can be secured ?
The Lord Jesus Christ said of one of earth's
honored ones, " Among them that are born of
women there hath not arisen a greater prophet than
John the Baptist " ; but added with wondrous em-
phasis : " Notwithstanding, he that is least in the
kingdom of heaven is greater than he." That
little child in your care, now such a " trouble-
somie comfort," as one mother puts it, such a per-
plexing problem, if received in his dear name, and
trained for him, will become a greater than John
the Baptist. That neighbor over there at the fourth
door, if captured for Jesus will become a greater
than John the Baptist. Yonder miserable outcast
in the slums or in that gutter, if rescued and saved
will become a greater than John the Baptist.
How so ?
8o EVERY CREATURE
John the Baptist was the "forerunner" of the
world's Messiah, this rescued one will become an
owfi brother! John the Baptist was a "prophet"
of the Highest, this one will become not only a
"prophet," but a " priest " and " king " as well.
John the Baptist enjoyed a brief ministry of a
few months, a brilliant meteor flashing for a day
and then going out, but this one whom you have
rescued will shine as a star forever and ever;
not exerting a brief influence in one small nation,
but sitting by the side of the great King upon his
throne of universal dominion. With face shining as
the sun, he shall become known to every intelligent
being in God's universe, and every world that rolls
in space shall sometime during the countless ages
of eternity feel the inspiration of his presence and
receive some blessing from his existence.
John the Baptist was highly honored in that the
angel Gabriel appeared to his father and announced
his birth, but this rescued one has more than one
angel ("angels") for his own personal bodyguard
from his birth to his death. (See Matt. i8 : lo ; Heb.
1:14; Ps. 91 : 10-12, etc.) It is true, we are not
permitted, as Zacharias was, to see any of these
angels or hear their voices, or have any of their
words recorded in God's written Book where all the
generations of men are permitted to read them.
But we should not forget there is another Bible be-
ing written now, the book of God's Providences,
the History of Redemption, God's central plan for
the entire universe — and in this larger book that
INCENTIVES TO ACTION 8l
will be read in the ages to come by every intelligent
being in the universe, will probably be found an
intensely interesting record of the birth of this out-
cast one whom you have rescued, the delegation of
angels that attended his birth, the announcement
of the important event in heaven, the selection and
designation of his bodyguard, the history of their
ministries to him, his chequered history during
childhood and youth, how he was abandoned, it
may be by his parents, or at least neglected by
them and by all the Christian neighbors around
him while in his youth and when easily reached,
because they knew nothing of his value ; how God
discovered a priceless jewel in him, and laid his
rescue upon your heart, as a great burden — honored
you instead of the angel Gabriel with a message to
him ; how with hesitation and trembling you finally
delivered the message ; how your message was at
first rejected, but with patience and love and the
girdings of the Holy Spirit you persisted in your
efforts, asking others to help you, until at last the
soul was won !
All this is being recorded in God's great book ;
and as well his after history as a child of God, his
feeble beginnings, his gradual unfolding, his increas-
ing influence upon other lives about him until in
the "harvest home" he shall appear with his
bundle of sheaves, saying to the Master: "Here
am I and the children whom thou hast given me."
And then will come your meeting with that re-
deemed soul and his retinue of saved ones, and
F
82 EVERY CREATURE
your discovery of all the golden fruitage that has
developed out of your little sacrifice and effort.
And then ! Oh, then an eternity of blessedness,
and of unceasing praise and thanksgiving that God
gave you the grace while here to resist the mighty
current of worldliness that is sweeping all before it,
and the temptation of the world and the flesh and
the devil to keep away from that fourth door neigh-
bor until he perished ; and that you were unwilling
to quiet your conscience with the plea, " I pay my
money for the pastor and his assistants and the
Sunday-school teachers, let them do this work ; I
will hold on to my worldly pleasures and attend to
my business, even though I enter upon the eternal
ages a — blank !
We will close this discussion with two suggestive
incidents :
Over thirty years ago the giving of only one dollar and
fifty cents to a very poor family, at a tune of severe trial,
bought their hearts, as it were, gave me the freedom of their
home, made them interested in me, and willing to attend our
church services. First the prayer meeting where the mother
was converted and baptized. Then the fatlier, a very rough,
swearing man followed. Six children were brought into the
Sunday-school. A second and a third family, poor outcasts
like themselves, who never attended church, and whom pov-
erty and cheap clothing had kept out of church society, were,
through their efforts brought to our services, and after a while
to Christ! And all this the outcome of a small money con-
tribution, which proved, not, of course, the immediate means
of conversion, but an entering wedge, opening the heart, so
that the truth could be dropped into it. It was a time of finan-
cial stringency with myself, in fact all 1 had, and no pledge,
INCENTIVES TO ACTION 83
except the word of God, that I should have anything in the
future. On this account perhaps, did the dear Lord so sweetly
and gloriously turn my little brass into gold. For the end is
not yet. I expect to meet that man and his wife in yon har-
vest land, followed perhaps, by their children, and their chil-
dren's children, and who can tell how many others in their
train? And I have a sort of presentiment somehow, that the
very first greeting they will give me will be a hearty thanks-
giving to God for that one dollar and fifty cents. And so dur-
ing all the ages of eternity, as I behold their happiness, and
share in their bliss, and watch their developing characters
into loftier and still grander proportions, will not every penny
in that one dollar and fifty cents become a pearl ? And shall I
ever cease to thank God for the golden opportunity of putting
that little bit of money into his treasury.?
In how many ways I might have used it upon myself ! It
might have gone into smoke in a few cigars. It might have
furnished a momentary pleasure at a theatre or dancing party.
It might have added a pleasant ornament or a richer fibre to
my wearing apparel ; or furnished my palate with additional
dainties for a day or week ; and then the curtain would have
dropped and the scene ended.
A sad consciousness comes to me now, however, and a
humiliating confession ; that after such an experience of the
Lord's strange chemistry, I have failed to embrace a hundred
golden opportunities since afforded. Opportunities of saving
by sacrificing, of accumulating treasure up there by self-de-
nial here, of investing in souls by crucifying the flesh ; and
while writing this, there comes over me a feeling of regret
that no words can describe ; for if one dollar and fifty cents
invested for God has given me so much of joy already, and
was made the means by which several precious souls were
won to Christ, who will welcome me in heaven and be " my
joy and crown of rejo'cing," how many such glad welcomes
I have lost ! Heaven is poorer, and I shall be poorer forever
for my selfish folly here ! ^
1 Selected.
84 EVERY CREATURE
But sometimes it costs more than a small money
contribution.
Two slum sisters crept up a rickety and dirty stairway five
or six stories high to an attic, and there, in a desolate room fit
for a pigsty, they found an old man crippled by rheumatism
and asthma until entirely helpless. He was sitting in an old
chair, the only article of furniture in the room. He could not
stand up ; he could not lie down ; he could not even bend
down and reach his feet. There he sat night and day alone,
save that twice a day a miserable drunken daughter, who
lived in the story below, brought him something to eat.
His person and clothes were filthy beyond description. His
naked feet had in some way become covered with sores ; and
some charitable person, weeks before, had come in and kindly
bound them with lint saturated with ointment, but had for-
gotten to return and replace the bandages ; and the lint had
imbedded itself into the flesh until both feet were a mass of
corruption, covered by dirt and vermin more terrible than I
can describe to you to-night.
What did those two slum sisters, God's noble women, do?
First of all they secured a pail of warm water and got down
on their hands and knees and scrubbed that filthy floor until
they had made it clean. Then with another pail of water
they got down in front of that old man, put his feet into it,
and tenderly bathed and soaked them until the old bandages
and the corruption were removed. Then they dressed them
over again with clean lint and ointment, and did not forget to
return the next day, and the next, and so every day for weeks
they washed those feet and dressed them until they healed.
Meanwhile, those sisters began to tell him the story of the
cross. His mind was as dark as a heathen's. He swore at
them when they first intruded into his den. But such un-
heard-of love and tenderness conquered him. It could not
have been otherwise. He was sweetly forced to listen to the
truth ; they compelled him. And so, by the time his feet were
healed, his soul had been healed. And now it was their turn
INCENTIVES TO ACTION 85
to be blessed ; for he became so happy in Christ that every
time tliey visited him they received an inspiration and uplift.
A few months passed, and the time came that the old man
must die. The sisters came in, and he says to them : " O sis-
ters, I have been a big, black, vile sinner, and I hated yer
when yer first came ; but when yer touched my feet 1 won-
dered at the love that could make yer do that. And I thought
there must be something in it, and I listened to yer, and my
hard old heart was melted by the love of God as yer told me
the story, and 1 found salvation. Now, I am dying, I am
going straight to heaven, 1 am going to Jesus, and I'm going
to tell him what yer did fer me, how yer washed my feet.
And I'm going to watch for yer when ye come, and I'm going
to meet yer at the gate and lead yer through heaven and take
yer straight to Jesus, and say, ' Lord, here are the sisters that
washed my feet.' " '
A hard, unpleasant service, do you say ? But
oil, the compensation ! A priceless sou! saved ! A
source of satisfaction and joy here and a very crown
of rejoicing during an endless eternity !
1 From an address by Captain Blanche B. Cox, of the Salvation Army.
APPENDIX
THE SECRET OF BUILDING UP A CHURCH
BY JAMES CHALMERS
ON Sunday, March 3, Dr. James Chalmers re-
ceived one hundred and thirty-six new
members into his church at Elgin, 111. At
the previous communion, which was his first in
Elgin, he received seventy-seven new members.
His record last year at the Second Church, of To-
ledo, O., was as follows for the five communion
periods, not counting the summer vacation : first,
forty-one ; second, fifty-four ; third, fifty-eight ;
fourth, sixty-four ; fifth, eighty-four, making over
three hundred new members in one year. He ac-
cepted a call to Elgin, beginning work there last
December, and has already received two hundred
and thirteen new members into the Elgin church.
Such an unusual record as this is an evidence of
God's favor and guidance. It denotes not alone
aggressiveness and adaptability, but a gift of com-
mon sense and organization such as few possess.
" The Advance " wrote to Doctor Chalmers to learn
the secret of his success for the benefit of other
pastors in the denomination. His reply is so full
of valuable suggestions to every Christian man,
woman, and child that we are gratified to be per-
mitted to publisii it for the benefit of readers of
"The Ram's Horn " : ^
1 This article, which found its way into the " Ram's Horn " of April 20, as
explained above, is so complete an illustration of the teaching of this book-
let that the author takes great pleasure in transcribing it entire.
87
88 APPENDIX
There is nothing in my method of church work
but that may be easily applied, with perhaps slight
modifications, to any field. In the first place, I try
to simplify the matter of church organization ; and
in the second place, I try to set every one to work.
Most churches are over-organized. There are
too many societies, too many meetings, too many
different things to be attended to, too much effort
spent in trying to keep life in the skeletons of a
dozen different church societies, too much energy
wasted in trying to drum people out to all the dif-
ferent meetings of all these different church organ-
izations. Consequently there is too little time and
energy left to be expended in the real, legitimate
work of the church, namely, the conversion of men
and women and the salvation of souls. Just as in
these days, every little town has its score of lodges
and societies of every different name and plan,
until the people are taxed to their utmost to sustain
them all, just so the modern church finds itself bur-
dened with a dozen or a score of different subor-
dinate organizations which are multiplied in number
as time goes on, until all of the church energy is
expended in an effort to keep up interest and main-
tain life in all of these church societies, and none
is left for the legitimate work of the church — the
evangelization of the community.
Thoroughly believing this, I try to simplify the
church organizations, eliminating some societies
entirely, and merging others together until there
should be but two general church organizations :
APPENDIX 89
a " woman's union " (or " guild ") and a " men's
club " (or " league "). Every male member of the
church is, by virtue of that fact, a member of the
men's league, and every female member of the
church is a member of the woman's guild.
Then we divide the entire territory of the parish
into ten or a dozen sections or neighborhoods, thus
grouping the membership of both the men's league
and the woman's guild into about a dozen different
neighborhood sections, with a chairman and secre-
tary for each section. These neighborhood sec-
tions of the general societies look after the neigh-
borhood sick and poor, conduct cottage prayer meet-
ings, visit strangers and new-comers and invite them
to church, make a canvass of the neighborhood,
and look after those who have no church home, and
perform a score, of useful services.
Moreover, with such a skeleton organization as
this, covering the entire membership of the church,
the pastor can put his hand at any time upon any
part of the organization in any corner of the parish
and have things done — the thought all along being
that the organization is a mere outline or skeleton,
that no time is to be wasted upon it, but that the
energies of all are to be expended in charities, in
evangelism, in increasing the membership of the
church, and in other legitimate church work.
This is undoubtedly the great desideratum — the
very acme of church success. What is wanted
everywhere is a working church — a church where
the entire membership is at work. This activity of
QO APPENDIX
the entire membership of a church moves the com-
munity miglitily, the results are simply marvelous.
And this activity is likewise transforming upon the
Christian life and character of the members who
do the work.
Now it is not so hard to set a church to work as
many imagine. Most people are willing to do a
reasonable amount of church work, or at least a
very small amount of church work each. I tell
them that I do not want so-called " working bands,"
but that I want the whole church to be a working
band. I show them by blackboard demonstration,
as of a mathematical problem, how that four hun-
dred members, each working two hours a week for
the eight weeks between one communion and an-
other, would do an amount of work equal to that
which would be done by a public school teacher in
the regular school hours of five years. I get each
member to devote two hours a week (i) to increas-
ing the church attendance and (2) to increasing
the church-membership. They do not consider
this an unreasonable request ; they are willing to
respond to such a moderate requirement, and the
results upon the life and activities of the church
are tremendous.
1 tell them that 1 do not want so-called " leading
members " and " officers and pastor " to do the work
of the church ; that 1 want each member to do a part
of the work — not all, not much, but a little. That
it is to be a church " of the people, by the people,
and for the people," and that each member is a
APPENDIX 91
necessary part of the plan of the work and cannot
be spared.
As an illustration of what I mean I ask them to
go with me (in imagination) to the Elgin Watch
Factory near-by, where nearly three thousand
operatives are working. We go together into one
workroom after another and find most of the opera-
tives asleep. We arouse them only to hear them
say, "Oh, the manager of this factory is busy,
and some leading workers over in that other room
are active, they will attend to the work of the
establishment." It is readily seen that every op-
erative must be awake and at work, each doing
his part, no one making a whole watch, but each
making his little portion which is necessary to the
perfect whole.
So I try to show them that each member of a
live church must be awake and at work, no " lead-
ing members " doing it all, but each doing his own
little part so necessary to the whole. And I actu-
ally demonstrate to each that his individual portion
of work is essential, and that to him, be his posi-
tion never so humble and modest, is due the credit
for the marvelous results.
And this is the truth and no flattery. I liken it
to the nomination of my friend, the Methodist min-
ister, who is serving at the present time as Con-
gressman from Michigan. He required one hun-
dred and forty-one votes to secure his nomination
in his party convention. By tremendous effort we
secured the bare one hundred and forty-one votes.
92 APPENDIX
and we could not have controlled another vote by
possible effort. Had we fallen one vote short of
the one hundred and forty-one a combination would
have been made that would have defeated my friend.
After the convention adjourned ojie of the one hun-
hundred and forty-one came to me and said, "It
was my vote that nominated your friend." " Yes,"
1 said, "you did it." Then a second crowded up
to me and whispered, " I gave him the majority
vote." "Yes," I replied, "yours is the credit
and the glory for the good work done this day."
A third man came to me and said, " I did not have
a vote to-day, but I controlled one, and if I had not
secured that vote for your friend he would have
fallen short." " Yes, sir," 1 answered, '* you were
the only man that could have won that vote, and
without that vote the day was lost. To you be-
longs the credit of this victory." And so on around.
Did I prevaricate ? Did I flatter ? By no means.
It was the gospel truth.
And so 1 show each of my people that his one
little vote, his modest work, his quiet influence, is
not only important, but that it is absolutely essen-
tial ; that the great work cannot be done without
him, and that to him belongs the credit and the
glory of the noble results. And the beauty of it
is that this is all true. They see that it is true,
that it is perfectly logical and thoroughly sound,
and they proceed to act upon it with confidence.
Nor is this a mere experiment. I had tested it
in other work before applying it to the church.
APPENDIX 93
Years ago, wliile principal of a village high school
in Michigan, which had never previously graduated
more than four students at any one commence-
ment, I applied this principle of personal work by
every student, until the fourth and last year that
I was principal we graduated a class of twenty-
seven. Later, when I was at the head of the de-
partment of English literature in the Ohio State
University, by similar methods we increased the
number of students in the literature department
from two hundred and sixteen to six hundred and
eighty-three in five years. Still later, while I was
the president of the Wisconsin State Normal School,
by similar methods we increased the attendance of
students from two hundred and seventy-six to six
hundred and twelve in three years. I always be-
lieved that the same practical, organized effort of
united individual work that wins so certainly else-
where will win in the church work also, and now I
am sure of it.
In answering your request I have spoken in the
first person, using the personal pronoun freely. If
I had actually done this work myself, perhaps mod-
esty would forbid this free use of the first person.
But I feel like one who has been a spectator, stand-
ing near-by as the work has gone on. Others have
done the actual work, to them belongs the credit,
and I am recording for you the results. It reminds
me of a barn-raising which I witnessed in the coun-
try when a boy. The great framework of the barn
having been previously mortised and fitted, was to
94 APPENDIX
be put up in a day by a "barn-raising bee.'' It
required some seventy-five men of the neighbor-
hood far and near, with pike and peavey and pole
and handspike to lift the huge framework into place.
1 observed that this was not accomplished by one
man stepping forward and giving a lift to a piece of
timber, and then another lifting, and then another,
but that all took hold together, all prepared to work
in harmony — to lift in unison. One of the number
stood aside and said, " All ready men — Yo-hee ! "
By every man helping and all lifting together, foot
by foot the huge framework went up until it stood
erect with every timber in its place.
There was no great credit to the man who said,
"Yo-hee." Any other man could have said it as
well — but it was necessary that some one should
say it. So I have not done this work. The
church has actually done it. The members have
been doing the real lifting. Mine has been the
modest task of standing by and saying, " Yo-hee."
Some one else can say it just as well, but in the
raising of the great spiritual framework of a com-
munity it is necessary that some one stand by and
say, "All together now, ready, * Yo-hee.' "
Perhaps I ought to add that all our work is done
quietly, reverently, and with constant prayer to
God for guidance and inspiration, and to the Father,
Son, and Holy Spirit is ascribed all praise and all
glory for whatever may be accomplished in Jesus'
name.
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