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EVIDENCES
RELATING TO THE
EASTERN PART OF THE CITY
OF
KINGSTON-UPON-HULL.
BY
THOMAS BLASHILL, F.R.I. B.A.
HULL:
A. BROWN & SONS, Limited,
26 & 27, Savile Street ; 6 & 8, King Edward Street.
1903.
cut-.
V
I
t
T^s^/fJi^L
I
PREFACE.
N January last, at very short notice, I submitted to the
Hull Scientific and Field Naturalists' Club some notes
on that part of the City of Kingston-upon-Hull which lies
east of the river — Marfleet being then, as now, excepted.
^ Portions of the paper were quoted from my book on Sutton
1 in Holderness, but in general the matter was from authorities
^ that were new, or that had not been used for this particular
purpose. By the kindness of friends, and owing to some
good luck otherwise, this matter has grown considerably,
but it is still no more than a collection of evidence bearing
on a branch of local history.
If I have ventured to dissent from the views of former
writers, even from Frost, I am not unmindful of the prob-
ability that exception will be taken to some of those herein
expressed, or that errors will be found which I have
overlooked.
I have not encumbered the pages with many notes and
references, but where it seemed necessary the sources of
separate items of information have been given. In general
the transactions in land will be found in the East Riding
Registrv at Beverley under the years given. The wills,
except a few that I have seen, are at York. The thirteenth
century charters, relating to Swine, are in the Stowe
Collection at the British Museum. Items relating to Meaux
Abbey are from the Chronica Monasterii de Melsa in the
Master of the Rolls* series. Particulars of the 'property
of the Religious Houses are from the Augmentation Office
papers in the Public Record Office. The Dodsworth MSS.
IV PREFACE.
in the Bodleian Library at Oxford might be consulted for
furtl^er information relating to Drypool, also the East Riding
Registry. There are a few cases in which I have given no
references, but I hope to deposit all the notes and copies of
documents used for this book and for Sutton in Holderness
in some suitable place for general reference.
Of those who haVe kindly given me information on par-
ticular points I must here thank Mr. Fred. A. Scott, Mr. J.
Spyvee Cooper, and Mr. H. F. Smith in respect of lands in
Drypool and the Groves, Mr. J. Travis-Cook, F.R.Hist.
Socy., Councillor J. G. Hall, who has studied the Drypool
Registers, Mr. G. H. Hill, who has investigated the ancient
boundaries, and Mr. W. Brown, for permission to copy some
drawings in his possession. I have mentioned other names
in the text, particularly that of Mr. J. R. Boyle, F.S.A., in
respect of the older documents of the Corporation which I
had leave to consult. And I must add the name of Mr.
Thomas Sheppard, F.G.S., who, having invited me to the
task, has facilitated it with a patience which I can only
hope is not feigned I
Great part of the book consists of matter which, by the
kindness of the Corporation of Hull I have been allowed to
gather out of its records. As a native of the quiet hamlet of
Stoneferry, very familiar once with these eastern suburbs, I
desire to inscribe this book to the body which, during the
mayoralty of Sir Alfred Gelder, has done so much for the j
improvement of the expanding City. !
THOMAS BLASHILL. I
29, Tavistock Square,
London.
CONTENTS.
PACK
Introduction i
Embankments and Reclaimation. — The Manors and Berewics.
Dripole, in the Parish of Sutton . . . .11
The Groves in Ancient Dripole. — Blockhouse Lane. — Summer-
gangs Dike. — The Fortifications. — High Road to Sutton. —
Lime Street. — The Brick Kilns. — Sugar House and the Thorn-
tons. — TheSpyvees. — Sutton Drain. — Quakers' Burial Ground.
— Drypool Field. — Magnusdaile. — The Clow Dike. — Burial
Ground at the Outhouses.
Hull, in the Manor of Sutton . . . - 25
Evidences of an Older Hull. — The Port and River. — The Ings.
— The Meadows of Sutton and of Hull and of Dripole. — A
Writ of Dower, — The Reeve of Hull. — Grant of Bondsmen.
Meaux Abbey and Wyke with My ton. — The Ville de Hull. —
Sayer, the King's Bailiff. — Roads to Stoneferry.
Stoneferry . . . . . . . -32
Stanford Rak ? — Ankedam. — Antholme dike. — Leads road,
bridge, and common. — The White House a Manor House. —
Cardinal Wolsey. — Henry VHL — Constable, Watson, Trus-
love, and Broadley. — Ann Watson's College. — Spinning. —
Katherine Hillyard. — Lopholme Hamlet.
The West Carr and Sutton Ings .... 39
The Monks of Meaux. — Dudley, Duke of Northumberland. —
The Earl of Leicester. — The Stainmar. — Sutton Drain. —
Hedon Croft. — Swine Lathes. — Countess Croft.
VI CONTENTS.
FAGE
SOUTHCOATES 42
The Domesday Survey. — Chapel of St. Mary. — Sir John de
Sutton. — Riots in his Manors. — The Holdemess Road. — The
open Fields. — The Ewelands. — The Chimney Lands. — The 1
Manor Courts. — Fines and Disputes. — "Nobles " of pasturag'e. '
— Sir Philip Constabte.-rjohn Dalton. — Enclosures of open
fields. — Holdemess House. — The Holdemess Road fifty years
ago.
Drypool in Swine 64
Drypool Church. — Its separation from Swine. — The Amescroft
and Kirke Field. — Piece of Southcoates detached. — Dissolu-
tion of Swine Priory, Thornton Abbey, and Carthusian Priory I
at Hull.— Fortifications of Henry VHI. — Disposal of surplus
lands. — Parish Registers. — Seventeenth century Citadel. —
Families of Popple, Watson, Bromfiete, St. Quintin, Blaides,
Pool. — Modem changes. — Anticipations.
EVIDENCES RELATING TO
EAST HULL.
INTRODUCTION.
Embankments and Reclaimation. — The Manors and Berewics.
'nr^HE extended boundary of the eastern portion of the
-■" City of Kingston-upon-HuU includes the modern
parish of Drypool-with-Southcoates and a large portion
of the parish of Sutton, consisting chiefly of the hamlet
of Stoneferry. It includes, also, the more distant
Marfleet. New streets and buildings are fast obliterating
ancient sites, with the boundaries of at least half a dozen
manors, and it is important to put upon record, before it is
too late, the former condition of these territories. I shall
have to use some of the materials already published in my
"History of Sutton," and must refer to it for fuller details
on many matters, but it was my research for that object
which made possible this contribution to local history.
In early times, when the district east of the valley of the
Hull was called the Isle of Holderness, that wide low-lying
valley, except in a few favoured spots, was freely subject to
the tidal ebb and flow. The date of the embankment of the
Humber and the Hull is too large a question to be settled
8 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
apart from other investigations, but, judging from the
inadequate description of Sutton in Domesday Book, I have
suggested that, in 1086, all our low grounds were still
overflowed by the tides. The historical and topographical
interest of the locality is, however, not dependent on the
precise date of the reclamation.
Beginning with the group of manors, or reputed manors,
in the parish of Sutton, we first find that Domesday Book
associates the Manor of Sudtone, held under the Lord of
Holderness, with a berewic held under the Archbishop's
College of St. John of Beverley. The owners of manor and
berewic had each his house with its enclosed land, but the
tillage and meadows of both were in narrow strips or in
plots, mixed together all over the area ; the manor consist-
ing of about three-fourths, and the berewic one-fourth of the
whole. In time, the berewic began to be called a manor,
and the manor itself became divided amongst many persons,
each of whom described his share as if it were the whole.
For clearness, and also because of the interest which is
given to the story, places and persons must be associated
together. The following were the lords of the undivided
manor as it descended from father to son ; all were of
knightly rank : —
Siward, living in the time of the Conqueror.
Sayer de Sutton ist, **the ould lord Sayer."
William, mentioned in 1173.
Amandus, mentioned in 11 87 and 1195.
Sayer 2nd, the King's Bailiff of the Port of Hull,
mentioned as early as 1 2 11 .
INTRODUCTION. 9
Sayer 3rd succeeded about 1250.
Sayer 4th succeeded about 1270.*
John de Sutton, senior, 1289.
John de Sutton, junior, 1339.
Thomas, the brother of John, 1356. He died between
1 38 1 and 1389, when his daughters, Constance
Margery, and Agnes, divided his manors and
lands.
The berewic was acquired from the College of St. John
at an early date, on the nominal rent of one pepper corn,
by the family of de Melsa, or Meaux, living at Bewick, in
Aldboro. They held it until, in 1377, John de Meaux, the
last male, died, and his sister Alice, who married Sir Ralf
de Hastings, succeeded. Then the berewic passed into a
family whose prominence in those times was very likely
to be fatal. The grandson of Sir Ralf and Alice was Sir
William de Hastings — created a baron — the Chamberlain
and friend of Edward IV., with whom he landed at Raven-
spur in 1 47 1, and on whose death Hastings was promptly
executed by order of Richard HI. In his will he mentions
his "manor'* of Sutton, and afterwards we hear no more of
a berewic. It is a pity that the lords of manor and berewic
never quarrelled, for else we should have learned more about
them and their lands.
Sayer de Sutton the second, the first and last man of real
mark in the family. Bailiff to the King for the port at the
river's mouth, a strong, high-handed man, always struggling
* A deed quoted herein is evidence that the date of 1289, given in
Frost's *' Notices," is erroneous.
lO EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
with his neighbours or his superiors, often in the right,
paying the penalty when in the wrong, was a commanding
influence over East Hull in the early years of Henry III.
He was a drainer of marshes, and it seems probable that he
caused the cutting of Summergangs Dyke, which forms the
boundary between Sutton and modern Drypod-with-South-
coates. These last originally lay wholly in the parish of Swine.
There was a berewic in ancient Dripole, and another in
Sotcote — he and his successors held the latter under the
Archbishop^s College of St. John of Beverley. But they held
a very large portion of ancient Dripole as a manor dependent
on their Manor of Sutton. This may have been the Dripole
berewic, or the result of some arrangement with the Arch-
bishop. In dealing with the districts of East Hull I shall
begin with this portion.
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON. II
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON.
The Groves in ancient Dripole. — Blockhouse Lane. — Summerg^ang"s
Dike. — The Fortifications. — High Road to Sutton. — Lime Street. —
The Brick-Kilns. — Sug"ar House and the Thorntons. — The Spyvees.
— Sutton Drain. — Quakers* Burial Ground. — Dry pool Field. — Mag*-
nusdaile. — The Clow Dike. — Burial Ground at the Outhouses.
Ancient Dripole included the Groves. When, in 1302,
the road from Hull into Holderness was made a public high-
way, it was said to pass first ** through the middle of the
town of Dripole to Suttcoats Som'gang." This accurately
describes the course of the thoroughfare, which divided tbc
nortliem part of Dnpole from the rest. While the fortifica-
tions of Henry VIII,, along the east side of the Old Harbour
still remained, the North Block House stood right in front
of the North Bridge, so that the traffic had to go partly
round it, and along the short piece of road formerly called
Bridge-Foot. Beyond this, in the seventeenth century, and
later, was Block House Lane, now called Witham, a country
road between grass fields, with only such agricultural
buildings as usually went with such land. At the further
end of this wide thoroughfare the great open Common of
Summergangs stretched out right and left. Block House Mill
standing near the corner of it, opposite the centre of the
wide road.
Summergangs Dike, which defined the west side ot
Dansom Lane and part of Naylor*s Row, curved round to
12 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
its outlet at Drypole-gote, near the entrance to Dry pool
Basin. Between this spot and the North Bridge would be
the site bought from Sir Thomas de Sutton on which to
build a tower to defend, the town. The fortifications of
Henry VIII. took land out of Sutton and Swine, they also
cut off the end of Summergangs Dike, which got a new
outlet beyond Dripole Field, half a mile further north. Of
this there is evidence. Excavations would probably show
that the lower course of the dike 4iad been subject to the
tide, much of the land being w^«te. As the history of
the ancient and modern fortifications is well known, chiefly
through the researches of Mr. E. S. Wilson, F.S.A.,* I need
only refer to the condition of the adjacent lands, quoting,
chiefly from Wills at York, from the *'East Riding Registry,"
and from private documents kindly shown to me.
. In 1659, Joseph Blaides left to his son William a close,
adjoining unto the Block House, containing twelve acres in
Drypoole.-}" His descendants had ten acres there, with
three tenements. In 1709, Mrs. Ann Watson convey-ed to
Alderman Collings Block House Close, of six acres, on the
south side of Block House Lane. Captain Phillip's map
of 1720 shews a stable of Alderman Collings*, where now
• " Statement as to the Title to the Citadel and Fortifications of King-s-
ton-upon-Hufl.'* And see also a very interesting paper on " The Castle
of Kingston-upon-Hull," by Mr. Joseph H. Hirst, M.S. A., in the Tran-
sactions of the East Riding* Antiquarian Society.
t The name of Block House Lane seemed to cling ^o the locality.
In Baines' Directory, of 1823, the map applies it to Naylor's Row. A
Sugar House conveyance, of 1825, mentions, I think in error, ** Lime
Street, formerly called Block House Lane."
I I
1 ?
J J
I
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON. 1 3
runs Great Union Street. This street was laid out in 1801,
when the North Block House was removed, but there was
previously there a way into Drypool. In 1744, William
Burton, of Hotham, the heir to his great uncle, Christopher
Gunby, sold to John Jones, house carpenter, and Thomas
Ward, bricklayer, his cottage, with garth of an acre in the
parish of Sutton, '*at the going in to the town of Drypool,
from Hull, at the north-west end of the town of Drypool,
and abutting on the highway which leads from Hull to Dry-
pool."* In 1768, Thomas Broadley acquired from Matthew
Henry Witham, together \Yith a share in the manor, land
near to the North Bridge, and south of ** Bridge-Foot,
otherwise Witham." I think this new name came from his
father, Henry Witham, whose aunt, the widow of Thomas
Dalton, had left her late husband's property in Sutton to her
own family. From that time building went on over this
corner of Sutton parish, leaving a large vacant space in the
centre of it, known as the '* Muck-Garth," and used as such
without much protest until the Cholera epidemic of 1849.
There was in Bridge-Foot, probably on both sides, waste
land of the manor. When buildings sprung up, John
Collings and others paid rents to the lord. Edward Johnson
had a way to his lime kiln. Thomas Broadley's purchase
included houses, shops, and warehouses, let to Robert
Owing and others. In 1768 Owing demised to Burrill a new
* A Fine (Trinity Term 8 Wm. III.) in which Christopher and Robert
Gunby were plaintiffs shews that the family held lands in Sutton, Stone-s
ferry, Southcoates, and Drypool as early as 1696, but I think the name
was then somewhat recent.
14 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
built house and buildings adjoining ground of the Rev. John
Collings on south and east.
Early in the eighteenth century, Lime Street was called
the High Road to Stoneferry and Sutton. It ran close to the
raised bank of the river, which left a width of some thirty or
forty yards of grass between bank and stream. The local
name for this space, covered only at the highest tides, was
the Growths, or Groves.
For a quarter of a mile from Bridge-Foot the High
Road ran past old enclosed lands on the right, that
extended back in long strips as far as Summergangs
Dike, where Dansom Lane was afterwards made. The
Growths along the river, opposite to each plot, belonged
to the plot.
In Joseph Osborne's Map of 1668, in the Hull Museum,
a wooden windmill is shewn near the river, not far from
the North Bridge. In Captain Philips's Map, of 1720,
the separate plots on the right of the high road, divided
by ditches, seem to be carefully indicated. Early in the
eighteenth century, shipbuilding and seed-crushing, already
well established on the Sculcoates bank,* were in contempla-
tion on ** Sutton Side," as it was sometimes called. A rape
mill, an oyle mill, a warehouse, one good residence, and
some small farm buildings, already stood near the high
* Wincolmlee, about which there is an absurd legend of an old
woman who would "wink and lie," is there. I think the name was
brought from Wincolmlee, near Newcastle, by Hugh Mason, who owned
the Charterhouse lands adjoining, or perhaps by one who was connected
with shipping.
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON. 1 5
road to Stoneferry, and the brickmaker was making ready
for the builder.
The suburb springing up was called Brick-Kilns. The
whole district, which was afterwards called the Groves, was
stHl reckoned to be in the Sutton portion of Drypool.
At, or close to the entrance to the High Road from Bridge-
Foot, was a tavern called **The Antigallican," a sign very
popular in those days of hatred against the French. It was
pulled down about 1765, before the house next door was
bought to make the outlet for Sutton Drain, then about to
be cut.* In 1730, Hannah, the widow of Edward Johnson,
Grocer, conveyed to her son, William Johnson, **of Brick-
Kilns, limeburner," her lime-kiln and little garth, lying in
Brick-Kilns near the River Hull, and near to the North
Bridge. In 1740 he described it as being between the Sugar
House and North Bridge. Although one fine lime-tree is
remembered, and more have been imagined in that locality,
I am disposed to derive the name of Lime Street from the
industry then practised there.
The plot on which the Sugar-House was built consisted
of six acres of grass, in two closes, that extended along the
wide part of Witham as far as Dansom Lane. The land
at the corner of Lime Street and Witham was perhaps not
included. The plot had belonged to the Johnsons, but, in 1 72 1 ,
passed through the hands of Robert Ellerker, millwright, to
the executors of Richard Sykes, of whom William Wilber-
* E.R.R. Conveyance by Thomas Broadley and his tenant, Robert
Owen, or Owing-, of the adjoining plot to the Commissioners of drainage.
l6 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
force, senior, was one. In 1726, a rape mill, lately built, and
two houses faced the high road by the river. But, in 1732,
Godfrey Thornton, of London, and William Thornton, of Hull,
sons of John Thornton, a Hull merchant, and brothers-in-
law of William W^ilberforce, had here their building-S for boil-
ing, baking, and refining sugar, first illustrated in Gent's
** History of Hull." In 1752, in the time of their nephew,
John Thornton, of Clapham, who married Lucy Watson, of
Hull, a distill house had been lately built, with a double
refining house. In 1756, William Wilberforce, junior, was
concerned financially with the Thorntons and Watsons in a
■
piece of land forming the northern part of the Sugar-House
site, on which a Soap-House with two dwelling houses were
newly erected. In 1760, this **sope-house with warehouse
for smelting tallow " was conveyed to John Thornton. The
soap-house was carried on for many years by Lee and Pead,
and afterwards by Lee and Cross.
The Sugar-House was owned in many shares, chiefly by
the Thorntons, who actually carried on the business to the
fifth generation, but Watsons and Wilberforces were also
interested in the property. Fifty years ago there was a
draw-bridge across Lime Street that had to be raised to let
a high vehicle pass, also an upper bridge, and men were
wheeling sacks in long procession. There has been found
recently a very fine iron chest of the seventeenth century,
having under the lid an elaborate lock with ten bolts. It was
in a hole in the brickwork under the old chimney, and may
have contained the more treasured belongings of the Thorn-
,.„.
Chest poind at the Slu/
R HOISE.
Plate of Polished Iron, Piebceo, that Covered the Lock.
\ >
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON. 1 7
tons. A similar chest is in the vestry at Swine. Sugar-baking
came to an end before the soap-making industry, which was
carried on till about 1859.
The third William Wilbcrforce, whose memory is im-
perishable, imbibed from his near relatives, the Thorntons,
the principles of religion and philanthropy which he upheld
with all the energy of his life. But, with the Thorntons,
those principles were hereditary and inbred. London
merchants and bankers of the highest standing. Directors
of the Bank of England, Chairmen of great commercial
associations, leading authorities on finance, and the trusted
advisers of Chancellors of the Exchequer, they kept in touch,
by business and by marriages, with the town from which
they sprang. Of such were John Thornton, "the philan-
thropist," whose benefactions were **more than princely,"
Samuel Thornton, who represented Hull in four Parliaments,
but suffered in a great commercial crisis, John Thornton,
his son, who took upon himself the inherited burden, Henry
Thornton — the cousin and closest friend of Wilberforce —
a man of boundless generosity, and Henry Sykes Thorntdh,
"a king of men." The threatening ruins that tower over
Lime Street are their monument.
One of the houses built by the Thorntons still remains.
It was probably the residence of Benjamin Pead, soap maker,
and from 1846 to 1865 was the parsonage of the Rev. John
Scott, the vicar of St. Mary's. It is a good example of an
eighteenth century town house.
The house which the Spyvees leased from the Burtons,
B
1 8 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
built before 1690, with its ornamental gables, stood next to
the soap-house, but has disappeared. Hither John Spyvee
brought his business of a "roper" from Goole way, becoming
a Freeman of Hull in 1722, but the burial, in 1718, of a
** band-maker " at Sutton, seems to suggest an earlier date.
Hi^ son Samuel, and his grandson Samuel, followed him as
lessees under the Burto;ns, heirs of the Gunbys, and then the
chief proprietors here. They had farm buildings at the back,
also tillage in the Clough Field, and pasturage in Summer-
gangs. In 1748, the "Greaves, or Groves" in front,
extending to the river side, were under a short lease to
Edward Hodgson, whose family was coming into prominence.
In 1774, Samuel Spyvee, junior, bought the house and rope-
walk, but Sutton Drain had before then cut off the further
end of the land on which Pemberton Street was laid out.
Rope-making was continued by Samuel Spyvee Cooper, but
the builder was inevitable. There was, to the last, an
old wooden bridge over the water, not quite reaching the
eastern bank ; the gap could be temporarily spanned when
a rope for a deep mine was being made, and the rope would
then be extended even along Pemberton Street. Spyvee
Street now commemorates this old family. Their memorials
are to be found at Drypool Church, which attracted this
growing neighbourhood until 1844, when it was provided
with the new Church of St. Mark's in its own parish.
In 1787, the next plot in Brick Kilns, before owned by
Idell and by Popple, but then by Hill, was sold by auction
at the George Inn. It ran back as far as the Quakers'
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON. I9
Burial Ground. There were upon it two dwelling-houses
fronting the high road, and a large building, lately a rape-
mill, also the Groves by the river, containing 1575 square
yards. The auctioneer used a sand-glass to time the bids,
and to demonstrate to buyers the ebbing away of their
opportunity. By the conditions of sale the highest bidder
within the running of three half-minute glasses was to be
the purchaser. The property fetched fifteen hundred and
sixty pounds.
Quakers then had their separate burial grounds, the
burials being registered at the Parisji Churches until they
kept Registers of their own. This small grave-yard, now
surrounded by houses, contains three fiat stones, the oldest
of which commemorates Ant^ Wells, of Hull, Merchant,
who departed this life on the 28th day of 6th month, 1676.
In 1678, when the wife of Thomas Richardson, of Wyton,
was buried there, the Minister of Sutton noted that they
failed to produce to him an affidavit that she was wrapped
only in woollen, as the law then required. It had, by
mistake, been sent to Swine, because Drypool was known
to be in Swine, and this locality was still called Drypool.
There are a few entries in the Sutton Registers down to 1679
of persons buried *'in loco usurpato populo vulgo dicto
Quakers," and, with grander simplicity, '*in Sepulterio
Quakerorio. "
Quakers swarmed about Hull, and were notorious for
their sufferings. In 1657, when the Quaker, William Elliker,
a small Sutton farmer, probably living in this neighbour-
20 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
hood, refused to pay eight shillings and sixpence towards
the repair of the ** Steeple-House," or Church, the Steeple-
House officers, with the local constable, Peter Tock, seized
a bacon-flitch, which was sold for twenty-six shillings, and
two chines, worth one shilling and sixpence. Still smaller
men lost calves or pewter dishes, and, after deducting
expenses, a few coppers would be offered back, which they
would refuse to touch. This is only a sample. They were
hauled before the magistrate in Hull, or cudgelled, or turned
out to a savage mob. Many were sent to York Castle ;
some died. They were, no doubt, very provoking. When
they differed with the magistrate they called him a liar to
his face, and when he was drunk they told him of it straight,
tightening their hats on their heads.
In 1767 the adjoining plot to the north, with its groves or
growths, belonged to Edward Hodgson. In the same year
the property beyond this, now the Allottment Gardens and
the Recreation Ground adjoining Dansom Lane, belonged to
Robert Burton, but the growths by the river had been
acquired by Hugh Blaydes. In 1818 these were occupied as
timber yards by Richardson & Wade, John Barkworth, and
others, which brings us to the modem state of things in this
locality.
We now reach a large plot, the history of which goes
back to remote ages. It was the ancient ploughland of the
manor, called Dripole Field as lately as 17 10, but which,
from the new outlet to Summergangs Dike, got the name
of the Clough Field. It contained only twenty-eight acres.
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON. 21
which does not agree with the three oxgangs, or forty-five
acres, which Sayer de Sutton, the second, held in Dripole,
nor with the area of the berewic in Dripole as given in
Domesday.* Perhaps the enclosed lands between it and
Withani had been carved out of old Dripole Field ; there
is here great scope for conjecture. Nearly the whole of the
strips of lands in this tillage field must have belonged to
Robert Burton, for in 1757 he sold the wide Growths in front
of it, reserving only the claims of the owners of one broad
land and one narrow land in the field. What is called a
Pightle, probably a Toft, that had been nibbled from the
Clough Field was sold in 1764 to Thomas Hodgson, and is
now, I think, the site of the Subscription Mill in Dansom
Lane. In 1767 the Enclosure Award gave the whole field
to Robert Burton. In the midst of this ancient ploughland
the truncated spire of St. Mark's Church dominates its
district of mean streets.
We know the complete history of Magnusdaile, the
estate next to the Clough Field during nearly seven hundred
years. It had been got together bit by bit in the thirteenth
century, by the Monks of Meaux. They had one piece six
perches wide, from Robert de Melsa, the owner of the
berewic, for the health of his soul and the souls of his
ancestors, but were bound to repair the " Sedik " or river
bank, along which was a right of way, afterwards the High
Road. Some of the plots were given to keep up the daily
• This was three taxable oxgangs, which was probably the same
land that Sayer afterwards held.
22 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
alms at the Abbey Gate, some were got in exchanges, some
they redeemed from mortgages to the Jews at York and
Lincoln. They were permitted to enclose this estate of
thirty two acres with bank and ditch. It ran from the river
to Summergangs dike, and its northern boundary was a
stream called Gyselfleth. After a hundred years, however,
they had so neglected its boundaries that the cattle of the
neighbours roamed over it, but when they began to clear
out the ditches, the lord of the manor and the free tenants
made violent resistence. Then all the parties met on the
spot, the monks shewed their charters, old men gave their
recollections, and as Sir Thomas de Sutton took their
part, they were allowed to amend their boundaries. They
could then let the land at a mark per annum more than
before.
At the Dissolution in 1539, Magnusdaile, in Dripole, was
occupied by Agnes Squyer, at the rent of ;^3 19s. In 1608,
Peter Orrell, of South Cave, got a lease from James I. for
forty years, at £2 ^ year, with i6s. for ** increase for the
price of a sheep." In 1627, his son, Walter, who was living
there in his own house, sold the remainder of the lease to
William Popple, described in the conveyance as ** Master
and Mariner," for one hundred and forty eight pounds. In
1656, Alderman William Popple held the freehold, and left it
to his son, Edmund, it being then occupied by Peter Tocke,
the constable, and Richard Tocke. In 1709, John Idell
conveyed to Alderman Gray meadow land near Halfpenny
Gate, "otherwise Maunsdale;*' there was then, perhaps,
DRIPOLE, IN THE PARISH OF SUTTON. 23
a toll gate on the High Road. About that time Henry
Cocke held Magnusdaile. In 1767 this property belonged
to Richard Hodgson. From him it passed to Howard ; the
brick making industry having spread over it. It was next
owned by Mr. Liddle, then the Flax and Cotton Mills, old
and new, were built upon it, with the workmcn*s dwellings
in Dansom Lane, called the Lines. Howard Street (now
Chapman Street) was run through it, and the Groves got
the kind of populatiqp, and put on the appearance of a
Lancashire town.
Before the middle of the seventeenth century, the drain,
to take the water from Summergangs Dike, had been cut
between Old Dripole Field and Magnusdaile, with a clough,
shown in Osborne's map, and this gave rise to the new
name of the Clough Field. The estate of the Monks has
been commemorated in old documents under such names
as Maunsda^e, Mansdell, and Moundscale ; Mounsdale Drain
may still be traced. It is mentioned in presentments by the
jury of the middle Bayliwicke of Holderness in 1708, when
the owners and occupiers of Summergangs were amerced in
five pounds for default in the Clow Dike.
Somewhere along the High Road to Stoneferry, at, or
near Magnusdaile, was the Outhouses. Richard Tocke,
tenant to Alderman Popple, was living, as the Parish
Register says, at the **Oute houssiss." Here was another
burial-place, several times mentioned in the Register. It
is sometimes called, rightly or wrongly, a " burning" place ;
some traces of it ought to be found in excavations, not far
24 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
beyond the Sculcoates Bridge. I think that Gyselfleth,
north of Magnusdaile, was the boundary of ancient Dripole.
At some little distance beyond the boundary the footway to
Sutton struck off from the High Road across the Ings, .where
it still runs by Thistleton.
HULL, IN THE MANOR OF SUTTON. 25
HULL, IN THE MANOR OF SUTTON.
Evidences of an older Hull. — The Port and River. — The Ings. — The
Meadows of Sutton and of Hull and of Dripole. — A Writ of Dower.
— The Reeve of Hull. — Grant of Bondsmen. — Meaux Abbey and
Wyke with Myton.—The Ville de Hull.— Sayer, the Kings BaillflF.
Roads to Stoneferry,
Beyond Magnusdaile, a belt of land close to the river
bank was an old enclosure, behind which were the open
meadows of the Ings. The way in which some, at least,
of this river-side land became enclosed seems to be shown
by two charters (Stowe, Nos. 484 and 485), in the British
Museum. By these, Sayer the Third granted to the Nuns
of Swine thirty acres of land, measured by the perch of
eighteen ^feet, between the closes formerly belonging to
Amandus de Watton and Simon Scott, of Hull, extending
from the meadows of Sutton to the river, with common of
pasture for their cattle after the hay and corn harvest until
the middle of March. The large close that measured thirty
acres and a half, on which the Hull Glass Works stood,
and which Earless Cement Works now occupy, answers this
description, lying, as it does, north of Magnusdaile, part of
which had been the property of William de Watton. The
Charter, No. 487, grants twenty one acres of land in the
meadows of Sutton, extending from the common pasture of
Summergang as far as the arable land by the river.
The enclosed lands beyond the thirty-acre close, towards
26 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
Stoneferry, were the South Field, the Little Field, and the
**Intack," a name that suggests its enclosure. They were
sold to Mr. Thomas Broadley, by the last representatives
of that branch of the Daltons which acquired the third
part of the manor, called Boomer's, or Bulmer's, from the
descendants of Agnes, daughter of Sir Thomas de
Sutton.
The Ings were, in general, called the Meadows of Sutton,
but, on account of their extent, they had many distinctive
local names, a portion near the river beyond Magnusdaile
being known as the Meadows of Hull.
There is a Charter (Stowe, 486), by which Sayer the
Third granted important rights-of-way to the Nuns of Swine,
who had large and growing interests in Dripole. One of
these ran along the present footway, leading from Sutton
towards Kingston -upon -Hull. Sayer grants to the nuns
that, with their men riding or going, they may use the
path which reaches from Sutton as far as Dripole, ** through
the meadows of Sutton and of Hull and of Dripole as the
men of Sutton and Dripole now use it. " This is an exact
description of the path, as shown on the old map of Sutton,
which represents the allotments in the common fields at the
Enclosure of 1767. It is not known that Sayer had any
lands on the west side of the river, and, if he had, we
cannot conceive why the men of Sutton, or the nuns, should
desire to go from Sutton to Dripole by the way of Wike,
or Myton, or the ** Hull" which grew up on their sites.
I place this evidence first, because it throws light on many
HULL, IN THE MANOR OF SUTTON. 2J
documents of older and later dates. Sayer the Second had
leased to Thornton Abbey, in 12 17, for twelve years and
three months, pasturage for 616 sheep, at six score to the
hundred, in the fields and marshes of Sutton, Hull, Sote*
cotes, and Dripole, with free entrance and exit between
Hull and Wilflete. That is, I submit, all over his lands
between the River Hull and the limits of his manors at
Marfleet.
The application of the name "Hull" to these meadows
may more clearly be inferred from a singular grant (Dods-
worth, 94. f. 90), made by Sayer the Fourth, immediately
on succeeding to the manors. His father, Sayer the Third,
who died about 1270, having left, we must suppose, no
special provision for Joan, his widow, she impleaded in
the Court of the King, before the Justices of the Bench,
by a Writ of Dower, called from its commencing words,
"Unde nihil habet," certain persons who had held lands
and tenements from her husband. They included Arch-
bishop Walter Giifard, Isabella de Fortibus, then the
widowed Countess of Albemarle, Richard, Abbot of Meaux,
and Matilda, Prioress for Swine. These, appearing before
the Justices in the Octave of St. Hilary, 55th Henry 3rd,
drew in Sayer, the son, as heir, who, as he says, "to avoid
costs and labours and grievances," granted to his mother,
on Thursday next before the Feast of St. Matthew, in
the Chapel of Sutton, a sufficient dower, including the
following items : —
** The Manor of Sottecotes with its liberties, easements,
28 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
and other appurtenances, his entire holding in Drypol, with
all its liberties, easements, gates, customs, and other appur-
tenances, eighty acres of meadow with their appurtenances,
in Villis de Sutton et Hull, with which she had already been
dowered by the Bailiffs of the Countess of Albemarle. " And
also ''William the Reeve {propositus), of Hull, with all his
holding, all his family and chattels." I do not suppose that
the **Ville de Hull" then meant more than the cottages
which accommodated the herdsmen whom William super-
vised, with, posisibly, a few serfs or labourers employed
about the bank of the river. At any rate, the dower granted
would be in his manor, and not in the Hull which sprung
up at or near Wike or Myton.
Again, Sayer, **the son of Sayer " (who was probably the
fourth), granted to Robert de Hildyard, common in Sutton
and Hull, as much as belonged to an oxgang of tillage.
Tillage and pasturage would be in his manor. At the
inquest on the death of Sayer the Fourth, in 1289, the
manor of Sutton is mentioned, together with the manors
of Ganstead and Hull, but nothing is known of his holding
a manor of Hull other than this.
These charters throw light on an older document (B. M.
Lansd., 194), by which Stephen, son of Ralph de Sutton,
a descendant of former lords, grants, for the health of his
soul and the souls of all his ancestors, to God, and to the
Altar of St. John of Beverley, his bondsmen, John, Henry,
and Roger, sons of Richard, son of Robert of Hull, with
all their children then born, or in future to be born. Unless
HULL, IN THE MANOR OF SUTTON. 29
it can be shown that the lords of Sutton had also a manor
on, or near the site which Edward I. obtained from the
Monks of Meaux, we must, I think, read all the ordinary
references to Hull with Sutton of this early date, as applying^
to the Hull which was a member of the manor of Sutton.
And when, in 1269, Joana de Stoteville refers to her men
of Hull, they must have been men in her manor of Cotting-
ham, who lived by the river side.
I am not concerned in questions as to the sites of Wyke
and Myton, but I do not understand how, if the name of
Hull was in use before 1278 for the growing town on, or
near to the site which Edward I. afterwards acquired from
the Monks of Mealix, the Monks should, in that year, be
petitioning for a market and fair at the same spot, under
the name of Wyke, near Myton, on the Hull ; nor is it
likely that, with such a gold-mine actually within their
grasp, they should have mortgaged their estate here for a
trivial sum, thus inviting a loss which they must have
foreseen. Nor can one imagine such a commerce as
Frost mentions in his Notices, existing upon a site
that, as yet, had no Municipal Government and no
public means of approach by road, and which failed
to be clearly described in any independent documents
relating to this locality.
I suggest that the commerce, whether by the Hull or by
the Humber, was carried on by transhipment between sea-
going ships and river barges, in the harbour or haven, from the
chain fixed across the river's mouth to the chain at Stanford-
30 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
Rak, or Stoneferry, these being the two limits of the port.
In respect of such traffc, the **Ville de Hull" means the
Port on the Hull. Such an arrangement rendered necessary
the appointment of Sayer the Second as the Bailiff of the
river, until the king saw the advantage of a regularly con-
stituted town at the river's mouth, which would put an end
to the ill-regulated commerce along the stream.*
Sayer the Second, though deprived, for his misdeeds, of
the control of the traffic, retained his ancient rights over the
stream. In 1269, his son, Sayer the Third, gave up to
Archbishop Walter Giffard, his rights of making weirs in
the water of Hull, or any other obstacle to ships and boats,
between the Humber and Beverley. This date is fixed by
a similar grant of Joanna de Estouteville in respect of her
manor of Cottingham ; John de Oketon being one of the
witnesses to each charter.
From the railway bridge at Wilmington may still be traced
on the grass, after a light fall of snow, the High Road to Stone-
ferry. When the Holderness Road and the Ings Road to Sutton
superseded the High Road by the river, Stoneferry was, for
wheel-traffic, practically cut off from Hull. Sixty years ago,
the existing road beyond Wilmington was a private way to
* These views as to an older Hull I first suggested in a paper on
** Hull and Dripole in the 13th Century," in the Transactions of the East
Riding Antiquarian Society. The "Notices relative to the Early History
of the Town and Port of Hull " is a splendid testimony to the learning
and industry of its author. But I am satisfied that Mr. Frost was mis
taken as to the existence of an earlier Hull upon the site of Kyngeston
upon Hull. Much of his evidence consists of disputes over a commerce
extending up the river even to Beverley.
{
Town of Stoneferry
HULL, IN THE MANOR OF SUTTON. 3 1
farm lands, axle-deep in mud, with an unlighted footway,
along which women walked in pattens. The keeper of the
Holderness toll-bar would stroll round to see if he could
catch any unauthorised person driving that way to Hull to
escape the toll.
32 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
STONEFERRY.
Stanford Rak? — Ankedam. — Antholme Dike. — Leads road, bridge, and
common. — The White House a Manor House. — Cardinal Wolsey. —
Henry VHI. — Constable, Watson, Truslove, and Broadley, — Ann
Watson's College. — Spinning. — Katherine Hillyard. — Lopholme
Hamlet.
Stanferry, Staynfery, Stanefery, or Stoneferrye, may be
one of the places made dry by the Embankments, or it may
have been one of the small holms always just clear of the
tides. I assume it is the same as Stanford-Rak, where, before
1269, Johanna de Stuteville of Cottingham and her predeces-
sors put a chain across the river at night. At that time it was
the place nearest the Humber where road traffic crossed the
river and it must then have been a place of some importance.
The derivation of the name from * * Sutton-ferry " is plaus-
able, but it is more allied to Stanmar or Stainmar, the sheet
of water that once lay over a great part of Summergangs
and Sutton Ings. It was perhaps a stone or paved ford.
It was a hamlet of small farms with one site that may
have been anciently occupied by a residence or a farm of
the Lords of the Manor. This is close to the ancient ferry
and landing place and to Stoneferry Clough ; the enclosure
map of 1767, shows that the paddock between the existing
farmstead and the town street was part of the village Green.
Its traditional name is the Green garth.
In the reign of Richard II. a third part of the manor with
STONEFERRY. 33
its fishery was conveyed from Thomas Ughtred to Sir Ralph
Hastings, together with **The Ferry of the Water of Hull "
then let to William Bulfyne.
Stoneferry Clough is the most ancient outlet for water
from the meadows of Sutton ; it took drainage even from
Wawne. The old channel still crosses the fields from near
'Tween dikes-lane to Stoneferry-town street, where it widens
towards the Clough. The ancient name was Ankedam,
but in very early times a * Leda ' or canal was cut
along the side of the road^ from Sutton. This is called
in the Enclosure Award, Antholme-dike. Between these
two channels was a long narrow Common, called in
old charters the **Lede" or **le led"; some adjoining
meadows in the Ings were called Ledeholmdaile. At the
Enclosure it was called Leads Common. Both the dikes
were solemnly fished by owners of shares in the manor in
order to keep up their rights. They divided the dikes into
sections. As late as 1774, after the Enclosure, a con-
veyance from Wadman to Frost of the Hastings berewic,
includes **one fishery in the middle set in the Lea Dike and
also one set in the upper end of New Lea Dike. *' The old
name for the road from Stoneferry to Sutton is Leads Road,
and the Bridge over Sutton Drain is Leads Bridge. Such
is the persistency of old names.
After the partition of the manor between the three daugh-
ters of Sir Thomas de Sutton the chief house of the successors
of Constance, the eldest, must I think have been upon the
site by the old ferry which I have indicated. They let it to
34 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
tenants with the manorial rights. Her third share in the
manor and lands was bought in 1527, of Robert Ughtred by
Cardinal Wolsey, some little time before his disgrace, as
part of the endowment of his new College at Oxford. In
1529 it was confiscated by Henry VIII., who in 1535 granted
it to Sir Marmaduke Constable. In 1554 the lessee was
Stephen Hogge of a Southcoates family. He lived at
Stoneferry and left to his wife and children his part of the
manor of Sutton which he held from Sir Marmaduke Con-
stable, and his ,two parts of the house in which he lived.
«
In 1649, this share in the manor was held by Sir Philip
Constable, Bart., who calls himself ** a third lord in Sutton *' ;
his rental here stood thus —
Rent-
Capons.
Thomas Hay of Stoneferry... 02. 13. 04. 2
John Cross ... ... ... 10. 01. 08. 2
William Watson ... ... 01. 14. 08. 2
Steven Snaith ... ... 02. 00. 00. 2
16. 09. 08.
The capons are the last remnants of the ancient ** ser-
vices " which in feudal times a tenant had to render to his
lord. Apart from them his manorial rights seem to have
been of no substantial value. The lands lay intermixed all
over the Parish, so that the rental of Stoneferry cannot be
separated from that of Sutton.
In March 1552-3, Sir Philip Constable's estates having
been forfeited for treason against the Commonwealth, a
STONEFERRY. ^ 35
survey and valuation was made. (Rentals and Surveys,
Domestic, Interregnum, E. 58, Folio 182 b.), in which
Constable's third share in a cottage and a ninth part of the
manor stood at six shillings and eightpence a year. Among
the tenants was Mr. Thomas Watson, the prefix to whose
name shews that he was of more consequence than his
small rent of forty shillings for Constable's third share
would indicate. His father, Mr. Thomas Watson, and
his mother had lived at Stoneferry, though they were
probably from Drypool ; their wills shew no signs of
wealth.
I am not sure that he can be identified with the Thomas
Watson whose half-penny token dated 1668 and bearing the
arms of the Tallowchandlers' Company, is in the Municipal
Museum, but he was probably a prosperous merchant in
Hull. The Town Clerk, Charles Vaux, Steward of the
Manor of Sutton, was his friend and executor. Before
his death in 1665, he had acquired the forfeited estates of
Sir Philip Constable in Sutton and Stoneferry and seems to
have added thereto. He lived at the White House on the
site I have described. His property was chiefly settled by
Deed and by Will on his widow for her life, some of it with-
out any devise of the remainder, of which his sister Elizabeth^
the wife of John Truslove of Wawne and Stoneferry, got a
considerable share as "shift-lands," besides what she had
under his will. From her descendants Mr. Thomas Broadley
bought a portion called Whitehouse farm, the rest of her
property being acquired by Mrs. Ann Watson who lived at
36 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
White House, and, dying in 1721, founded in that house her
College for widows and maiden daughters of clergymen.
Mrs. Ann Watson's will furnishes incidentally many
interesting particulars as to her house and lands, and other
possessions. She left amongst her friends her plain gold
ring, with a **posie" or motto in it, her gold ring without
a posie, her clothes of woollen, linen, and silk, and a pair of
silver candlesticks and snuffers. Her heirlooms and pictures
in her house were to be continued ther« for ever for orna-
ments and benefits to the house. Her house, called White
House, the north end of cow-house, and the close it stood in,
were for ever to be appropriated to a college or dwelling for
clergymen's widows and clergymen's daughters, old maids,
and for a school for teaching children.
. Ten girls, who could read, were to be taught by the
school dame to knit, spin, and sew. The girls were to be
the children of poor inhabitants in need of such assistance,
and were to help the ladies in their domestic affairs, and each
was to receive twopence per week. The children were to go
to Sutton Church on St. James' Day, and every Sunday when
there should be service and sermon, and to be catechised
when there should be catechising. The minister of Sutton
was to have five pounds for the service and sermon on
St. James' Day. The school dame was to read prayers on
Wednesdays and Fridays. Each of the inmates was to
receive five pounds per annum, the school dame being paid
five pounds more.
When a new College or Hospital was provided at Stoneferry,
Old Uprjuht Spinning Whrbl.
STONEFERRY. 37
the White House was used as a farm. In the time of my
grandfather, Samuel Hudson,* who succeeded his father there
it was a spacious Manor house, having a carved oak staircase
and large rooms that had been divided to accommodate the
former residents.
The house was taken down when a new house was built
some seventy-five years ago. The small portion now
remaining consists of a low room with a chamber over ; the
floor of the chamber is carried on a beam and joists, all
bearing a good moulding on the angles. There was origin-
ally a wide fireplace, but within the opening a more modern
fireplace has been constructed. It may be that this was done
by Mrs, Watson, or even by the Trusloves' or Thomas
Watson. The floor-timbers and the wide fireplace look as
old as the time of Stephen Hogge. i*
The Rev. J. H. Bromby, Vicar of Hull, remembered the
ladies being carried to Sutton Church, as Ann Watson had
provided, riding on pillions behind the tenants. Until the
direct road from Hull was made, Stoneferry had much
of the quaint tranquility of a Dutch village. But until the
drain was cut there was not always access to Sutton. In
1589 and in 1637 Stoneferry children had to be baptized at
Dry pool because of the floods over the Leads Road.
The student of Field names may find near the city boun-
* This name, which appears in lists of occupiers from the sixteenth
century, is now extinct.
t The implements tor spinning, measuring, and hanking flax, here
illustrated, are part of those used at that house until 1829 by my grand-
mother and her daughters.
38 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
dary some interesting items. Meadows and pasturage that
Isabella, Countess of Albermarle, had held under the lords
of Sutton, were held in 1296 by Robert de Hillyard, lately
her bailiff. They descended to the two daughters of Thomas
de Hillyard of Riston, about whose wardship and marriage
there is an interesting dispute recorded in the Chronicle of
Meaux Abbey. Katherine, who married Peter de Nuttle of
Burstwiok, parted with her life interest, settling the reversion
on her son (Dods. 139. f. 45. b.), in whose family the pro-
perty descended. By the river, just beyond the World's
End farm, are two fields called High and Low Nuttles, which
commemorate this piece of family history. Early in the
fifteenth century, there was near Stoneferry a hamlet called
Lopholme, mentioned in the manuscript record at York
Minster of a great case about burials in Sutton. Out on
the margin of the West Carr are a couple of fields still
called Loppam, where marks of foundations are all that
remain of this deserted hamlet. Part of the property of
the Carthusian Monastry near Hull was here, and families
called Lopholme, Lopham, and Loppam, lingered long among
the small farmers of Stoneferry.
In 17 17 Mary Peacock conveyed to Thomas Mould a Garth
where a cottage formerly stood, with half a steng (or rood),
formerly called Guy me Coat (an enclosure for sheep), abutting
on Guyme Close on the west and on Stoneferry West Carr
on the north. Guyme Close would be by the river, north
of Stoneferry : the name commemorates a Gime, or breach in
the bank. The Moulds were a family of merchants in Hull.
THE WEST CARR AND SUTTON INGS, 39
THE WEST CARR AND SUTTON INGS.
The Monks of Meaux. — Dudley, Duke of Northumberland. — The Earl
of Leicester. — The Stainmar. — Sutton Drain. — Hedon-croft. — Swine
Lathes. — Countess Croft.
The West Carr, a great sheep pasture, Sutton Ings, a
great meadow and the pasture of Summergangs in South-
coates, were all under the same lord of the manor, and were
occupied to some extent by the same tenants. The sheep and
cattle lived in winter on the meadow ground and in summer
on the pastures. The chronicle of Meaux Abbey is largely
occupied with the early and persist^nf *! struggles of the
Monks to acquire shares in the newly reclaimed meadows
and pasturage from the lords of the manor, and from the
free tenants whose ancient farms were perhaps already large
enough for them. The success of the monks was remarkable
and, through their trade in wool, they ought to have grown
richer than they did. At the dissolution of the monastry
in. 1539, the Crown seized this property, letting it with
Meaux Abbey, on leases for lives to the family of Alford, and
later, granting the rents from these leases to John Dudley,
Duke of Northumberland and to his son, Robert Dudley,
Earl of Leicester until it again reverted to the Crown. These
rentals were afterwards settled upon successive Queens-
Consort.
The municipal boundary includes part of the Ings which
were divided into ** dailes " or allotments, several transactions
40 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
in which between the lords of the manor, the Nuns ot
Swine, and others, are recorded in the Stowe Charters. The
Marr or Lake, which had covered much of this g-round, was
commemorated among-st the dailes by such names as Stayn-
mar and East and West Stanmardaile ; Robert de Stanernia
seems to have written many of the Charters.
Sutton Drain, made through the Ings about 1765, g-reatly
to the improvement of all the low lands over a wide area,
was the outcome of long* consideration. In 1677 a Com-
mittee of the Corporation had reported against a scheme
for carrying such a drain to Malmesdale Clough, thinking
that a better outfall could be g'ot into the Humber between
Drypool and Marfleet, which idea has since been carried out.
A proposition was seriously entertained as recently as 1786,
to make Sutton drain into a navigable canal, with Locks
and Wharves for the carriage of corn and manure and goods ;
the roads being excessively rough and hazardous. There
were then no light carts, and farmers' wagons frequently
broke down, even on turnpike roads.
The railway to Hornsea, after crossing Sutton dra}n,
enters upon an Enclosure more ancient than Summergangs
dike, for the dike was carried half round it so as to in-
clude it in Sutton. It was the largest of the sheepfolds which
were necessary adjuncts to pasturage in Summergangs and
meadow in the Ings. There were probably more sheepfolds
than one here. One of its three divisions is called Lang'croft,
an old name, the largest is Hedon-croft, probably so called
from Hedun de Hedun, who in 1217 held meadow in the Ings.
THE WEST CARR AND SUTTON INGS. 4 1
By a charter (B.M. L.F.C. VIII.), Sayer the third granted
to the Nuns of Swine, the site of that sheepfold in the
**cultura" that lies next to the cultura called Hedon-crofte,
**just as.it is bounded by the dikes." These would be
meadows, for the term is used of meadows in similar char-
ters. Also before 1260 Sayer granted to the Nuns (Stowe
487) eighteen and a half acres next Hedon-croftes, near to
their sheepfold. He warranted this against his lord, the
last William de Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle, who died in
1260 At the dissolution in 1540, the property of the Nuns
was granted to Sir Richard Gresham, then to Sir John
Constable and passed to the Alureds.
In 1731 and 1734 (E.R.R.) conveyances were made of
a bercaria or sheep-coate called Swine Lathes, and two
closes containing eighteen acres, formerly the lands of John
Alured. The lathes would be store places and shelters for
sheep.
In the Ings, close to the Summergangs dike, a little west
of Hull East Park, is a field of old enclosure called Countess
Croft. Sayer the third, or his son granted to Isabella,
Countess of Albemarle, widow of William de Fortibus, by
a charter (Dodsworth, 94), with 120 acres of meadow in
Sutton, pasturage for a thousand sheep in Sottecoates, Dry-
pool, and Sutton. This was no doubt, her sheepfold, and
we see by such evidences the persistency of old dikes and
old names.
42 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
SOUTHCOATES.
The Domesday Survey. — Chapel of St. Mary. — Sir John de Sutton. —
Riots on his Manors. — The Holdemess Road. — The open Fields. —
The Ewelands. — The Chimney lands. — The Manor Courts. — Fines
and Disputes. — "Nobles" of pasturage. — Sir Philip Constable. —
John Dalton. — Enclosure of open fields. — Holdemess House. — The
Holdemess Road fifty years ago.
At the time of the Domesday Survey, about 1086, Sotcote
and Dridpol had in the manor or manors thirteen taxable
oxgangs. It was then waste, but in the time of Edward the
Confessor its annual value had been thirty shillings. The
College of St. John of Beverley had in Sotcote a berewic of
one carucate or eight oxgangs, and in Dritpol three oxgangs
with soke upon five. All this was tillage, amounting to 195
acres in the manor and 240 acres in the berewic. This also
was then waste. But if the third part of the ploughland,
which must lie in fallow each year, went untaxed and unre-
corded, this sum of 435 acres represented a total of 652 acres
of tillage, besides meadow and pasturage, of which nothing
is told. The total area of the combined townships is now
1 48 1 acres.
The interest of the lords of the Manor of Sutton in South-
coates, led to the foundation of a Chapel there, subject to the
rights of the Church or Chapel of Drypole which was under
Swine. In 1236, a dispute between Sibil Prioress of Swine
and Sayer the second, who complained that she had deforced
him from the advowson of the Church of Dripole, was settled
SOUTHCOATES. 43
by a Fine in which he quit-claimed to her this right. In
return she agreed that the nunnery should find a chaplain,
with clerk, books, vestments, light, and all requisites for a
chantry in the chapel at Ganstead, also that he should have
a free chantry in Southcoates, as he had before, at his own
charges, saving harmless the Church of Dripole.
In 1327, Sir John de Sutton senior had licence in Mort-
main to alienate three messuages and land, with pasture for
two horses, four oxen, and two hundred sheep, in Sotcotes,
to a Chaplain to celebrate divine service daily in the chapel
of St. Mary at Sotcotes, for the souls of himself and his
ancestors. Some of the charters of Sir John de Sutton are
dated at Sudcoats, having, no doubt, been sealed at the
Chapel of St. Mary, the site of which might perhaps be found
among the farms, or at Mile-house, where the Holderness
Road turns as if to avoid some pre-existing obstacle. A
list of the chantry priests is given by Poulson.
The natural overflow from the Stainmar would be at
Marfleet, but, in the constant efforts to improve the drainage,
the Humber and the Hull have by turns taken these low-
land waters. Summergangs-dike, which was cut for this
purpose, divides Sutton from Southcoates and Drypool. It
has been called ** Gouts "-dike, corrupted to Gold-dyke, from
the French igout — a sewer.
The Patent roll of the ist Edward II (part 2.m, 4. d., 1308)
reveals some of the troubles of the lord of the manor. John
de Sutton senior, complained that certain named persons had
distrained and impounded his cattle, killing several, and a
44 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
Commission was issued with orders to deal with the male-
factors. Again in the ist Edward III (part 3.m. 24. d.) a
long list was presented of rioters who, at Drypole, had
beaten and wounded John the son of the lord of the manor
to the peril of his life. These also with others had entered
the Free Warren of John de Sutton senior, at Sotcotes,
Sutton, and Drypole, hunting hares and rabbits, and beating
and wounding his servants.
Summergangs, always a pasture, dotted and seamed all
over with ponds, and sikes and watery hollows, was of
very fluctuating value. The charter by which Hull acquired
one-sixth of the manorial rights, shews that in the reign of
Henry VIII, the full annual value of three commons, each
being for eighty sheep and four horses, was thirteen shillings
and four pence. Its history in the reign of Elizabeth is
chiefly contained in the Rolls of the Manor Courts which I
shall quote, but in a survey made in 1674, when the Crown
lease of the Meaux Abbey pasturage was held under
Catherine the Queen of Charles II, four hundred sheep-gates
were nearly overlooked because, for many years, sheep had
not been turned in, as the profit would not have been enough
to pay the highway rate. The suggestion that the name
comes from So*mer-gangs would be more convincing of
the name if the ancient lake had been the South Mere, but
there is no evidence of this. It was a pasture, only used in
summer and, on account of its wetness, not always in that
season.
In my book upon Sutton I have shewn how this grazing
SOUTHCOATES. 45
for 400 sheep in Summergangs, with pasturage for the lambs
in tlie Ings **in the season of separation," was granted by
Sayer de Sutton 3rd to Martin de Otringham, Knight, a
burgess of Hedon, and given to Meaux Abbey by his grand-
son Richard, a priest. After the Dissolution it was included
in the leases to the Alfords of Meaux Abbey. The Prioress
of Swine had here pasturage for 500 sheep and all other
cattle except pigs. This was worth 26s. 8d. per annum at
the Dissolution, and was sold in 1557 to Sir John Constable
and his son.
In 1637, Margaret Bell alias Stalker, a servant, died
of the plague which she got at Hull. She lies buried in the
Summergangs.
The Holderness Road, made for public access to Hull,
was not precisely new ; it followed the old line of one of the
rights of way granted by Sayer the third to the Nuns of
Swine. His charter (Stowe 485) gave them freeway for
carts and wains, men, horses, and other animals from the
bridge of Bilton, through the midst of the meadow of Sutton
as far as Summergang-dike, and through the pasture of
Summergangs as far as Dripole and Sotecotes and to their
sheepfolds. In 1302, in the time of John de Sutton, the
grandson of Sayer, the King took, without payment, the
meadow and pasture along this track, for laying out the road
into Holderness. It passed "through the middle of the town
of Dripole to Suttecoates Som'gang," (at Dansom Lane),
thence to the cross in Somergangs, (the position of which
is lost), thence to the west end of the town of Sutcotes, (near
46 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
Mile-house), and thence to Lambhelmsike — where Summer-
gangs-dike is now crossed by the road. It may be that the
omission to pay for the land was due to its being an old
private road. In the great floods of 1764, the whole land
between Bilton and Hull was under water, so deep that the
turnpike houses were deserted, and there was no travelling
along the road **from January 6th to the ist day of April,
except in a boat. One man and horse, attempting to go
through, were drowned."* About 181 3, Isabel Richardson,
who kept house for her cousin, Thomas Priestman, in Hull,
used to walk to his new house at East Mount along this road
in pattens, **to keep her feet out of the water, so abundant
in this locality."
Many entries in the Book of the Provost of St. John at
Beverley, relate to Southcoates where the lords of Sutton
held a Manor under the College, while other persons also held
lands directly under it. The manor was held at a rent of
eight shillings per annum, and when Sir Thomas de Sutton
failed to appear at the Court of the Provost or to pay his
rent, he was fined like other tenants or was excused like
others. Sir Thomas succeeded his brother Sir John, who had
held one manor in Sutcoates and two carucates of land,
presumably arable, with the meadow and pasture and houses
that went with it. In the 26th, Henry VI his representatives
were Sir Edmund Hastings, Sir John Salvayn, and the
* This is the true effect of an entry in the Patrington Register, which
I examined with the late Canon Maddock ; ** but " being there used for
** except."
SOUTHCOATES. 47
Ladies Isabella Godard, wife of John Cussons, and Constancia
Pygott or Bigod, who then shared the divided manor. Their
lands in Sutcotes are described as arable, meadow and pasture.
In the reign of Henr}' VIIL, Salvayn's share passed through
Sir William Sydney and the Crown to the Corporation of
Hull.
The hamlet of Southcoates seems to have contained
several small farms or cottages with crofts at their rear and
sheepcots close to the pasturage. The Manor Rolls and other
evidences shew that there were in Southcoates, besides Sum-
mergangs, the following open fields and meadows : —
The East Field, West Field, and Humber Field, were
originally the three open arable fields necessary for a rotation
of wheat, spring crops, and fallow ; but by the reign of
Elizabeth, and probably long before, all these had been laid
down in grass. Indeed, the old plough-lands, when they are
clearly visible, seem never to have acquired the double
curvature characteristic. of ancient tillage. I think the fields
were at least partly meadow, for fines were inflicted on those
who turned cattle into some of them or drove across them
after Candlemas. The South Ings meadow abutted on
Humber bank and adjoined the Humber Field.
The ** Wood" adjoined the West and East Fields ; it con-
tained about twelve acres. There was a dike from East
Field gate to West Field gate ** about the Wood.'' It was
probably rough pasturage, with some trees or bushes ;
William Hogg lived at the Woodhouse. In 1578, Katherine
Wetherall was fined i2d. for cutting down **burceir* in the
48 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
Wood. Burcell or bristle was a dead fence or the thorns or
brushwood used for fencing. Besides these, there were the
Ewelands, the Chimney land, and the Cornepasture, all lying
to the north-east of Southcoates.
The Ewelands was a good-sized meadow owned by
different persons ; perhaps their ewes were sent there from
Summergangs when the lambs were turned into Sutton Ings
to be weaned. It adjoined Marfleet, for ^ir Philip Constable's
tenant. Mr. Miller, held **all that parcel of meadow lying in
Ewland containing eight acres, bounded by Marfleet Common
on the east." It was near to Sutton Ings, for in 1726 Anne
Kirby conveyed to Peter Langrick two acres of meadow
there, near to Ewland Gate, which may have been the
Toll-bar.
The **Chimley land" adjoined the Ewelands and the Com-
mon. In 1554, Stephen Hogge, of Stoneferry, left to a child
then expected his Chimney Land — if a son. It has been
suggested that lands were so called because turves for fuel
might be cut in them, or because a Chimin or way passed
through them. Christopher Bennington had to pay ten
shillings for neglecting the dike between his Chimley land
and Yowelande, and the tenants of Ewelands were fined a
shilling for not having scoured two cordes, or fourteen yards,
of the dike between them.
In 17 1 3, a conveyance from Beauley and Nettleton to
Thomas Wetwang, a Sutton yeoman, included four acres of
meadow in the Ings running over the '*Cawsey," one end
extending to the Sideing, and the other to Chimney lands.
SOUTHCOATES. 49
The Side-Ings was a small ancient enclosure by Landsyke
drain, south of Bellfield ; the Cawsey (or Causeway) was, I
suppose, the Holderness Road. Another strip of one acre
ran **over the Cawsey adjoining Bilton Common." In a copy
of "Paynes for the Middle Balywick," of about 1650, the jury,
which dealt with all the greater water-courses in the district,
ordered that ** the sewer beginning at Chimney lands Nooke,
and that runneth betwixt the Sumergams and the Ings, and
runneth to the new sewer at Maunsdale, and from thence to
Mounsdale Clow, be well dressed witii sythe and rake, and
ground-scoured where need requires, in pains of every corde
undone ids." This is Summergangs dike, running from the
boundary of Marfleet, which is not otherwise referred to in
this copy of Paynes. Another conveyance includes meadow
abutting upon "a close of meadow" called Chimney lands.
The Cornepasture, probably tillage laid down to grass,
may have been enclosed land. Thomas and Frances Hogg
were joint tenants of the Corne Pasture House. In 1659,
Joseph Blaides, senr., left to his son William, who in 1667
devised to his sons, ** land called the Corne Pasture and
the Ewelands, containing 24 acres." I suspect that these
were old enclosures out of the East Field. There was a
close called Galencroft.
The entries of encroachments in the rolls of the Manor
Courts shew that the Common was part of Summergangs,
that which lay south of the Holderness Road. It adjoined
the West Field, for Thomas Teele had to pay i2d. for not
sufficiently digging out the dike between them. It adjoined
50 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
the Chimley land, for Robert Hodgson was fined ten shillings
in respect of twenty cordes of the intervening dike.
In 1422, William Twyer of Ganstead, by a charter which
I have seen, caused to be settled upon his son Robert, on his
marriage, lands, which included a messuage, a croft, eleven
acres and a half of plough land, one acre and three roods of
Meadow in Sotcotes and three animal pastures in the Frith,
which was in the same locality.
The Court Leet or view of Frank Pledge, a Royal Court,
and the Court Baron of the Lords of the Manor were held
together twice a year, in April or May and in September or
October ; a few of the Rolls, the earlier in Latin, are preser-
ved at the Town Hall. They are usually headed like the
first which begins as follows : — *
* * Sudcotes. View of Prank Pledge with the Court Baron
of the Mayor and Burgesses of the Town of Kingeston upon
Hull and of Philipp Constable Esquire, Thomas Dalton,
John Stanhoppe, John Cockerell, Ralph Brown, and heirs of
Robert Hogge, Lords of the Manor, held there the 12th day
of October in the i8th year of the reign of our Lady Eliza-
beth by the Grace of God Queen of England France and
Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c." The Court elected
four Adjisters, called jesters, or keepers of the fields, a Con-
stable and a Bailiff, and then dealt with some thirty or forty
** suitors," who were absent, either excusing or fining them
* I have to thank the Property Committee of the Corporation for per-,
mission to use these Rolls, and I am particularly indebted to Mr. Boyle,
as already mentioned.
SOUTHCOATES. 5 1
eigfhtpence each. Henry Randes was the Steward. The
Jury of about fifteen was sworn and they had to take the
list of offences and deliver their verdict a few days later at
the house of John Lewis in Hull, under a penalty of from
six and eight pence to forty shillings each. Waste, or stray,
cattle had to be handed over to John Lewis.
The ordinary offences were such as not keeping up
ditches or fences for which they were responsible, omitting
to make a clute or dam across a ditch where necessary,
driving cattle across a clute, not bringing in their rams from
Summergangs at the proper season, turning horses into ^
sheep pasture, turning pigs or geese into a pasture, not
taking their sheep out of the meadow ground at the feast of
the Purification, driving cattle across a field at forbidden
times, turning out sheep or cattle where they had no right,
taking them in or out without informing the Wardens or
Jesters, permitting swine to go unringed or to go **wroting"
in the field, allowing dogs to chase sheep, keeping an unlaw-
ful dbg, turning out diseased animals, as Richard Hoge did
with "tow skabed horsses" and one with glanders to the
infection of the others, fold-breach, or liberating cattle im.
pounded for trespass, or for non payment of "Jest money.*'
The fines varied greatly for the same offence as to place,
time, and the extent of the offence. Generally the basis for
the calculation was the noble of six shillings and eight pence.
Turning put diseased animals might cost 3s. 4d. or 6s. 8d.,
turning out geese 5s. to los., sheep or cattle wrong 2d. to is.,
a -biill .2s,, a swine wroting 4d. Twenty cordes (of twenty-
52 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
one feet) seems to have been a usual length of dike for a
tenant to keep in order ; to neglect this might cost him ten
shillings. But often the fines were so trivial, that the jury-
men must have considered the chance of their own turn
coming next. The Finders, who had to impound stray cattle,
were ordered not to take for their " punsalls " more than 2d.
for a horse, or id. for a beast or five sheep. This confirms
the ordinary estimate of five sheep to one beast-gate.
Many tenants who had made encroachments on the
Common or Summergangs had to pay from two pence to
eiglit pence a year annually therefor, there Weing, it seems,
no absolute prohibition.
To let rights of pasturage to strangers was an offence
for which fines of eight pence to six and eight pence satisfied
the Court, but a tenant might let grazing rights to another
tenant if he gave notice to the Jesters. The rule, of doubt-
ful application in Sutton, that pasturage could only be held
by an inhabitant, "down sitting- and uprising," does not
seem to have existed here, for among the suitors are resi-
dents in adjacent townships.
The Court dealt with cases of debt or damage between
the Suitors. It made orders as to the repair of Humber
bank, as to keeping up military exercises and enforcing the
sumptuary laws by which every one had to dress according*
to his degree. Rarely it made orders applicable to Drypool,.
the relations of this place with Southcoates being variable
and difiicult to understand.
Once Leonard Lockwood and William Hdgge had to
SOUTHCOATES. S3
answer for failing to pay 2s. 8d. for three **se sparres" —
pieces of ship timber — bought of Leonard Stutt. Then
Leonard Lockwood complained that John Cockerell, having
accepted ten shillings, had not let him have pasture for
certain beasts as he had faithfully promised, whereupon the
defendent came and said the complainant might have the
pasture.
In April 1595, the Jury presented the inhabitants of
Sudcotes for wearing of hattes, the total penalty being 4d.
It being then obligatory on men to wear on Sundays and
holidays woollen caps of English make under a penalty of
3s. 4d., the inhabitants of Sutcots and Dripole were pre-
sented in October for not wearing capps according to the
statute and were amerced in 6d. only. The township of
Sutcots was amerced in i2d. for not keeping their Stocks in
repair. For not watching according to the statute, the inhabi-
tants of Sutcots were amerced in i2d, and for not exercising
the statute for ** artylyrie " their amercement was 6d. John
Aldred was ordered to keep his gate from Dripole field,
(in Sutton) into Summergangs in sufficient repair, hung
and locked, and the **bursels" or fences at both ends of
the gate in repair. No one might make a brigg from his
meadow in Sutton Ings across Summergangs dike unless it
was properly fenced and so kept. The same Court ordered
that, as there were divers places in the South Ings where
the Humber bank was in great ruin and decay, sufficient
timber should be taken ** of that which now lyethe a scattered
abrod on the banke, grothes and pasture of the South
54 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
Ings" for the lockering of the same. And it was ordered
that for the cost of the work every lord, freeholder, or tenant,
for term of years, in the South Ings should pay 2s. 6d.
for '* every Noble ancient rent '* they had in the South
Ings. The meaning of the Noble in relation to pasturage in
Southcoates will appear from other evidences.
This Court of the 20th October, 1595, is notable for the
variety of its business. John Graves did fealty and was sworn a
tenant. Mr. Robert Dalton who had succeeded his father as
one of the lords of the manor had not shewed his evidences
but he had promised to shew and examine them to any
who should be thought meet at his own house before the
next Court. Mr. Eestoft had made the like default but his
tenant Mr. Shipwrighte (a Sutton man) craved respite till
the next Court.
The fines were moderated by the Jury, written in English,
and ordered to be read out in church where the whole parish
would hear. Very few would be entitled by their own
innocence to scoff at their neighbours on account of such
exposure.
The struggles of the writer of the later Rolls to set down
unfamiliar words and phrases are pathetic, but he gives some
evidence of the local pronunciation of Yorkshire and Lincoln-
shire words. He writes of yowes, bease, boles, geyse, and
yates that must *^ hinge of iorane lowpes and crukes." One
list is of **paymens layde at thyse corte howldene at Sutcotes
in the xxxj yeare of the reigne of oure sufFeringe layde the
quenne maightye." The **sonne and hare" succeeds his
SOUTHCOATES.
SS
father. A tenant must **dacke his dike" or "dacke his
dacke" or **make half dacke." A dack was a hollow or
furrow that might let off water, perhaps a mere grip. Then
the tenants " shall none genge no horse gaytes from theyre
Sheppe gaytes nor shepp gaytes from theyre hors gaytes,"
upon pain of every default los., unless they exchanged or
substituted half a common together. It was thus secured
that at least forty sheep should be dealt with when the tenant
chose to change one kind of animals for another. Geng or
genge is a variant of ging, a troop or gang. But this scribe
also uses "geng'^ for give — as "to geng warning."
From lists of suitors in attendance at this court, or
amerced for absence, or excused, compared with the list of
estreats in October 1593, when all were absent through the
omission of the bailiff to summon them, we have the following
names, nearly in the order in which they were called : —
Freeholders :
Richard Hillyard, Gentleman.
Robert Hog"g".
Simon Wetherell.
Thomas Rawiingson.
John Gregorie.
William Willson.
Thomas Bennington.
Stephen Hogg of Stoneferie.
John Aldred, Esquire.
The heirs of Bamebie.
The heirs of Threshwell.
The heirs of Girlington.
Michael Beesbie.
Robert Gayton.
Walter Proctor.
Leaseholders and tenants at Will:
Marmaduke Grimstone, Esquire.
John Chicken.
George Almond.
Margaret Rawiingson.
The heirs of Christopher Askwith.
Joshua Wakefield.
Richard Hogge, Junior.
William Barnes.
Thomas Hogge, Senior.
Margaret Hodgeson.
Peter Almond.
Henry Constable, Knight.
Margaret Tweene.
Thomas Grimstone.
Frances Hogge.
56 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
Robert Spencer {Leaseholder),
Christopher Hillyard, Knig'ht.
Paul Carter.
Christopher Hogg".
Thomas Anderson, alias Fox.
Miles Todd.
Thomas Hogg".
William Humpton.
Robert Stephenson.
Matthew Tuttell.
Leonard Lockwood.
Robert Dew.
John Graves.
Richard Huntingdon.
Thomas Wood.
Roger Keddie.
A few names, perhaps of temporary occupiers of pasture
gates, are missing, Thomas Anderson, alias Fox, and Todd
were probably tenants of John Alford, Esquire, of Fawley
Court, Wilts, lessee of the Rectory and tithes of Sutton.
He was elder brother of Sir Lancelot Alford, lessee of the
meadows and pasturage in Sutton and Summergangs that
had belonged to Meaux Abbey. John had inherited the
rectorial tithes and lands in Sutton and other property,
leasehold and freehold. At a Court held about 1590, Edward
Trislay was ordered to shew his evidence for his Common
in Summergangs. He was Edward Truslove, gentleman, of
Wawne and Sutton, a relative of the Alfords, and lessee
under them of the Rectory lands. He was the father or
grandfather of John Truslove, of Wawne and Stoneferry. .
The Noble of grass was the result of a valuation made of
the new pasturage when the arable fields were laid down, in
the fifteenth or sixteenth century. The number of cattle-gates
that the open grass lands, apart from Summergangs, would
support, was then calculated, and three gates were supposed
to be worth an annual rent of 6s. 8d., or a noble. These
were then allotted to the freeholders, in proportion to their
holdings. This involved fractions, but the beast-gate being
SOUTHCOATES. 57
divided into four feet, two feet was a gate for a foal or a calf.
The fractional parts of a Noble were often expressed rather
awkwardly in money — William Woolfe was amerced in 2d.
for unjustly filling two gates, " over 4s. 2d. of grass."
The difficulties arising out of the ownership of land in
common fields are illustrated by records (Exchequer Special
Commissions, loth and i ith, Charles I.), of proceedings by
Katherine, Mary, and Margaret Davie, whose grandmother,
dame Katherine Moore, had bought the reversion of the Sutton
Rectory, after the lease, granted by Queen Elizabeth to the an-
cestors of the defendant, Henry Alford. He said that certain
lands which they claimed were not part of the Rectorial lands,
but the Court ordered them to be given up, and appointed
a Special Commission of four persons to set them out.
They agreed as to several items of the claim, but differed
about a tenement called Bursiland, in Sutton, sometime
let to Thomas Foxe, and a bovate or oxgang of land
called Bursiland, in Sutton and Sudcoats, lately held by
John Meeke. The report of James Watkinson and Robert
Moore reveals a conflict, after which their two colleagues
refused to discuss the matter further, and carried the Com-
mission away. It is easy to see how the confusion might
have arisen. ^
The farmstead called Bursiland, worth 6s. 8d. per annum,
a mere cottage being worth 4s., was probably named from
the bushes or thorns locally called bursels, used for making
a dead fence, and the oxgang of land, originally let with it,
would bear its name. But the arable fields of Southcoates,
58 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
laid down to grass, were valued in Nobles, and the identity
of the strips of tillage must have been forgotten. When,
in 1710, Hugh Mason bought the Sutton Rectory from
Brodrepp, the heir of the plaintiffs, he took a conveyance
of the tenement called Byrsall Lands, and the oxgang called
Byrsill, but perhaps these properties were never identified.
Gyme Close, one of the lands in dispute, containing 4f
acres, took its name from the "Gyme," which was, I think,
on the small piece of Summergangs close to the Holderness
Road, and near to Mile House, over which piece Southcoates
Lane passed. A Gyme was a hole formed in the ground by
the giving way of an embankment. There were, near there,
a large pond, and a little watercourse called Gyme Sike. The
Commission found that Gyme Close abutted north on Sum-
mergangs and south on the West Field. The Enclosure
Award gives a right of way through the south-east corner of
lands allotted to Benjn. Blaydes, called the Gyme, and from
thence turning south-west upon the side of the old enclosure
into another part of* the Gyme, leading from Sudcoates to
Hull. It also awarded a thirty foot road on the allotment of
Benjn. Blaydes from the Turnpike road near the Gyme Sike
on the south-west side of the Gyme, to West Field as far as
the village of Sudcoates. This is rather vague, but I think
this small piece of Summergangs west of Mile House was
called the Gyme.
For the benefit of the present inhabitants I have given
some idea of the intolerable complexity of the system of
common fields.
SOUTHCOATES. 59
The name of Sir Philip Constable, of Everingham, whose
estates were forfeited for treason against the Commonwealth,
is of melancholy interest in connection with Southcoates as
in Stoneferry, he being lord of a third of this manor also. In
March, 1652, the survey shewed that his total annual income
there was £ig 19s. 6d., but the surveyors thought the value to
be £2 1 6s. more. Among other tenants, Thomas Harrison
had a cottage, and a two-acre meadow called Ember Garth,
with one Noble in the East Field, and one in Humberfield.
He had also ** ten pence," or the eighth of a Noble in the
Wood, and 160 sheep-gates in Sommergaines. I suppose
Constable's property was sold, but he was allowed to
compound for his chief estates, by paying a fine of one-
third of their value. The family is now represented at Ever-
ingham by Lord Herries.
John Dalton, of Swine, who had inherited a share in the
manor, was a fellow-sufferer. In 1653 he complains to the
Committee for Compounding that, although two-thirds of his
estate is sequestered for his recusancy^ his third has not been
set apart for him, so that he cannot comply with the demands
of his creditors. This was granted "if sequestered for
recusancy only." In 1654 he begs to contract for the two-
thirds under the Recusants Act of 1653. He owned the
Hastings berewic, married the Lady Mary Viscountess
Dowager Dunbar, and lived at Nuttles. In 1685 he
, died.
The eighteenth century was the period when the great
bulk of the open fields in England was enclosed, and allotted
6a EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
to private owners, their value being enormously increased.
But very considerable enclosures had before been effected.
A large piece containing nine fields in the north-east corner
of the parish was treated as old enclosure in 1764.
About 1590, the East Field seems to have extended to the
Oxlands in Sutton, for the Court ordered the ditch between
those lands to be cleansed.*
The moving spirit in the enclosures carried out in South-
coates was Charles Pool, the younger, through whose
influence Sutton parish was enclosed, in 1767. He was
a prominent man in Hull, a nephew of the Rev. William
Mason the Vicar of Holy Trinity, and cousin of the Rev.
Arthur Robinson who succeeded to the benefice.
Summergangs was enclosed in 1748, the pasture gates
being then reckoned by Demain, or Stinted Commons
and Free Commons, which were of double value. The
Demain Common meant pasturage for eighty sheep and
four horses or beasts. Charles Pool, having acquired
a large proportion, and being, also, the owner of the
tithes, brought the other owners of pasturage to an agree-
ment, whereby this wide area was cut up into sections,
the tithe upon which was fixed at one shilling and
sixpence per acre. Dansom Lane now runs along the
western margin of Summergangs, close to old Summer-
gangs Dike. That the flow of water along this dike had
already been cut off is clear, for this lane, first called Clow
• There was somewhere a little Oxland, which may be that here
referred to. If so, Ewelands was an ancient meadow.
SOUTHCOATES. 6 1
Lane, and, for a short time, Mill Lane, was made to enable
cattle to be taken from the Holderness Road to drink at
**Mansley,'' or **Munsley" Clow ditch, near to Edward
Hodgson's farm house, on Magnusdaile, where the water
had been diverted to the river.
Of the three ancient open fields the Humber Field was
the first to be enclosed. In 17 17, Elizabeth Robinson con-
veyed to Sarah Robinson lands including a "close of meadow
or pasture formerly called the Thirteen and fourpence," con-
taining three acres in Sudcoates. In 1727, Sarah Robinson
conveyed to Wm. Jarratt the same close in Humber Field,
** which said field was some years ago enclosed and allotted
in lieu of six beast gates, commonly called thirteen shillings
and fourpence of grass." But if I have correctly identified
the Humber Field, it was enclosed long before 171 7. In the
nth Charles I. the commissioners in the case of Davey and
Alford, who quarrelled over Bursill lands, agreed that
Humber Close was a close of pasture ground of about 5^
^cres, abutting south and west on Sudcoates Humber Field,
east on a pasture ground called Sudcoates South Inges, and
north on a pasture ground called Sudcoates West Field.
This Humber close must in 1636 have already been enclosed
out of the Humber Field.
The East and West Fields, with the South Ings, which
seems to have ceased to be meadowed, were enclosed in
1764 under the influence of Charles Pool, who enclosed
Summergangs, and on similar terms. The total amount of
pasturage dealt with was 94 nobles, one gate, one foot, and
62 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
the sixth part of a gate, which would be grazing for one
sheep.
To those of us who remember Southcoates two genera-
tions ago its then condition seems already ancient. At the
enclosure, ditches were cut to define the allotments, the
Holderness Road, having been, I think, until that time,
open to the Common.
The allotment in Summergangs, made to Mr. William
Constable on the north side of the Holderness Road, with
adjoining lands, was within a few yeai^s occupied by a
house, the property of Mr. Hall. In 1785 it was ad-
vertised for sale as **a handsome new-built house,
commanding a beautiful expansive view of the H umber."
It became the residence of Mr. . Pickard, who sold it
to Mr. John Broadley. By the kindness of Mr. Walter
J. Jalland, I am able to give an illustration of the original
house. In 1838 it was bought by Mr. Boswell Middleton
Jalland and his brother, who erected in its place the. fine
Elizabethan mansion called Holderness House, two illustra-
tions of which appear in Poulson's ** Holderness."
Except Holderness House, no residence, unconnected
with business premises, was erected on the north side of
Holderness Road beyond Dansom Lane before 1850. About
that date the site of Wilton Terrace at the corner of Dansom
Lane and the Holderness Road was still a grass field. With
several properties in Sutton and Hull, it was left by Thomas
Mould to John Graham, afterwards Graham-Clarke, of New-
castle, the son of John Graham, of Sutton, and the
.^?
i
SOUTHCOATES, 63
maternal grandfather of the poetess, Elizabeth Barrett
Browning. Nearly all the old buildings north of the
road have been removed, but one long covered rope-walk
is now embedded in a great joinery factory. The mills, with
the smoking chimneys of distant factories, were the great
features in the approach from Holderness.*
The mill, called Block House Mill, recently taken down,
stood in Drypool by Summergangs, in a line with the centre
of Witham. Its lower story was, in shape, like a dwarf
tower or fortification. But sketches on the maps of the
allottments shew only a little wooden mill. I suppose it
took its name from Blockhouse Lane.
South of Holderness Road, the terrace called Somers
Town had then been built many years, and there were
better houses beyond, the last terrace being Hornsea Parade,
near Marfleet Lane. But, before the days of omnibuses, build-
ing tor residence was pretty strictly limited within the
distance, to and from which a business man could walk
for his early dinner, or even, in those times of long hours,
to and from his early tea. Hull was then supposed to be
finally completed, but I have since heard of far-sighted
people who thought that the town might extend even beyond
such limits. Its population has trebled under our eyes.
• These mills included the ** Six Sail Mill," the sails of which, having
caused the death of a man, were said to have revolved afterwards the
contrary way ! Such was the legend ; but the Rev. John Ellam, formerly
the Vicar of Drypool, heard as a fact that, the accident having happened
during its construction, the owner had the machinery reversed as a mark
of his sorrow.
64 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
DRYPOOL IN SWINE.
Drypool Church. — Its Separation from Swine. — The Arnescroft and
Kirke Field. — Piece of Southcoates detached. — Dissolution of Swine
Priory, Thornton Abbey, and Carthusian Priory at Hull. — Fortifica-
tions of Henry VIII. — Disposal of surplus lands. — Parish Registers.
— Seventeenth century Citadel. — Families of Popple, Watson, Brom-
flete, St. Quintin, Blaides, Pool. — Modem chang^es. — Anticipations.
Owing to the lack of efficient drainage, and to the
frequent floods of early times, this remote corner of Holder-
ness would be nearly valueless, until the great demand
for wool brought every acre that would carry sheep into
practical use. The old tillage of doubtful dryness would
then be more valuable as meadow and pasture, and this
seems to have been the case through later times. The page
of evidences in Poulson's ** Holderness," does not afford
much help, for references to Drypool are inextricably mixed '
with Sutton and Southcoates ; but, except as to Drypool
Field, in Sutton, of 29 acres, there is little evidence of
mediaeval or modern tillage.
Although the Chapel of St. Peter was the mother church
of Southcoates, both were included, together with the manors,
in the parish of Swine. A manuscript book of the fifteenth
century, in the library of the Dean and Chapter of York,
records some long and complicated proceedings in various
ecclesiastical courts, relating to the right of burial of the
inhabitants of Sutton, Stoneferry, Dripole (in Sutton), and
X Cotton MS., Avcvsrcs i, '
SolTH OF DRVPOOL ChVBI
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. 6$
Lopholme at their chapel of Sutton, which was not yet
separated from the mother church of Wawne. On the
23rd March, 1429, John Wylflete, of Hedon, whose family
belonged to Preston and Marfleet, said that several years
ago many persons were drowned in the river at Hull
Ferry, and their bodies were taken out in the parish of
Swine, which would be the eastern bank of the river at
Drypool.*
After the Reformation this parochial arrangement broke
down, and, under the Common weallih, a remedy was sought.'
A Survey, made in 1649, states. thmt **Drypoole hath a
Parochial Chapel depending upon Swyne ; the tythes belong
to the Lordship of Drypoole and Sudcoats, and are worth
yearly the value of thirty pounds, out of which they should
provide for a minister, but have not had one this four years
and a half. We consider it fitt that it be Separate from
Swyne, and made a parish of itself, being five miles
distant from Swyne." This scheme was carried out at a
later date. A memorandum of the early part of the
eighteenth century states that the advowson was bought
by Alderman Johnson, of Hull, and left to his daughter,
Mary Banes.
The fields or open places in Drypool were the Arnes-
croft Meadow, adjoining Southcoates West Field, also
the Kirke Field, adjoining the Humber Field, of Southcoates.
There was somewhere a Middle Field, as well as a Dripole
* Wililete was the old name for the dike that divided Southcoates from
Marfleet.
E
66 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
West Field, which last agrees with the Clough Field in
Sutton.*
The Arnescroft was evidently a large meadow in which
all who had much interest in Drypool had shares. There is
no part of Drypool that answers to this except the large
piece thrust in between Summergangs and the rest of South-
coates. This leaves very little ground for Humber Field,
but the Humber must have laken a breadth of land along
that shore, in spite of the **Jk)6kering'* done to the bank in
the South Ings^
In 1579 tenants in Humber Field were fined ten shillings
because they had not sufficiently dug out 20 cordes of dike
or 420 feet next the Kirke Field. The Stowe MS.,
No. 70, in the British Museum is a grant made about 1250
by Geoffrey de Watton to the Nunnery of Swine of lands
including **an acre and a half and a perch in the territory of
Dripol in Neucroft, whereof one head extends to the Humber
and the other head upon Arnes Croft, and an acre and a perch
of meadow at Thorndaile towards the south." Neucroft
was probably a recent extension of Kirke Field, which was
near the Church, so as to bring it in touch with Humber
Field. No. 71 is another grant, with his body for burial,
by this same Geoffrey, of ** those two selions (or plough-
lands) which extend from the dike of Arnescroft as far as
the Humber, and that acre and a perch of meadow lying
• A Corporation lease of 1695, to Thos. Atkinson, includes five roods
of pasture "in Drypool feild, nigh Moundscale Clough of Clough feild."
This must have been their share of the wide Growths, for the Clough
Field was never laid down to grass.
(P
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. 67
next to the 'cultura' of the said Nunnery at Thornedaile.'*
These were probably the same lands, and the term **cultura"
is sometimes used for meadow.
An old enclosure in this locality is indicated in the entry
in the book of the Provost of Beverley of the 26th Henry VI.,
already quoted. The lords of the Manor of Sudcoats are
said to hold of the Lord Provost a place of lands with the
appurtenances in the town of Dripole, *'and it lies between
the place of the Abbot of Thornton to the north and the
Outgang which leads to the pasture called Newfrith to
the south." Was this upon the detached piece of
Southcoates sold, as we shall see, in 165 1 by Broumflitt to
Popple? If so, it indicates the position of the land of
Thornton Abbey. Further evidences as to localities not
easy to identify are contained in the surveys made of lands
acquired for the fortifications in Dry pool.
To begin at the beginning : — The land sold in the first
year of Richard II. by Sir Thomas de Sutton to the Mayor
of Hull and others lay "on the east side of the water
of Hull on the north side of the Kaye there." It consisted
of one piece measuring 100 ells each way ** within the
lordship of the said Thomas de Sutton in Dripole ; " also
the land on which the Quay was situated containing 100 ells
in length and 10 in breadth. This must surely have been in
the Drypool associated with his Manor of Sutton. There is
no evidence that this land was used for the expressed pur-
pose of building a fortification. The fortifications actually
made there grew out of different conditions at a later time.
68 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
The dissolution under Henry VIII. of the Priory of Nuns
at Swine, the Carthusian Priory at Hull, and Thornton
Abbey, brought much of the limited area of Drypool into
the possession of the King. These lands had been let to
tenants, and the Crown when in need ot money, leased or
sold thqm with others for large sums paid down, subject
always to the existing tenancies. The chief points of interest
here are the lands by the river on which were erected the
Block Houses and their connecting walls. The land of the
Carthusians was in Sutton, extending from the North Bridge
to Dripolegote ; that of the Nunnery lay to the south in
Swine. The land of Thornton Abbey was in the Drypool
portion of Swine, or partly in Southcoates.
I have long suspected that all the lands of the Carthusians
«
in Sutton, Lopholme, Stoneferry, and Drypole, east of the
River Hull, being those which had decended from Benedict
de Sculcoates through the families of De Grey of Rotherfield
and De la Pole, were, like the Hastings berewic, independent
of the lords of Sutton. After the fortifications were erected
the surplus land was granted to Sir Henry Gates, and upon
the deed a memorandum was added that * * the said Mannor
o£ Skulcots dothe extende into ye P*ishes and hamletts of
Sculcots, Sutton lordP-, Drypole and Stonefery. " This con-
dition might have been created when Henry VIII. acquired
the manor, but there is some evidence that it was of older
standing. As far back as the time of Sayer the second, when
a canal was cut in the West Carr, arrangements had to be
made by the Monks not only with the lord of Sutton and John
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. 6g
de Meaux, the owner of the berewic, as to rights of fishery,
but with WiHiam de Seintluce (Santa Lucia), who then held
the Sculcoates Manor. Evidently lie was of more importance
than a free tenant. And in 1312 there is an entry upon the
Close Roll (New Calendar, 5, Edw. ii, m. 16), otdering the
King's Escheator to restore to the widow the lands which
John de Grey, of Rotherfield, ** tenant in chief, held in
Scolecotes, Sutton, and Drypol." Perhaps when the course
of the river was originally marked out, certain patches of dry
land belonging to the Sculcoates mafhor were left on the
eastern side. • # "*
On the surrender of Swine Priory in 1536, its Drypool
property consisted of two holdings only — a grange let to
John Williamson, chaplain, at £6 a year, and a close called
**le pightell," with six acres of meadow, let to Robert
Blassill at i8s.* Among the appurtenances to the grange
there was probably meadow in *' Sutton Yngs," besides 37
acres of meadow there let separately at 49s. 4d. All these
lands were granted with the rest of the Swine property to Sir
Richard Gresham, who was receiving the rents from the
tenants in 1539. Among the Spiritualities of the Priory was
the Rectory of Driepoole, worth five pounds a year, the tithe
of which the Prioress had kept in her own hands.
When the King determined to make the fortifications, the
lands had to be got back from Gresham by an exchange
carried out under Edward VI. The grange was then said to
* He also held a lathe or bam, two stables, and two gardens in
Southcoates and Stoneferry. The registers and other documents shew
that this Drypool family survived there into the Eighteenth Century.
70 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
be in the township of Drypoole adjoining the King's Majesty's
edifications and fortress.*
The fortifications having been finished, Queen Mary
granted to John Grene and William Jenyns, property includ-
ing Drypole Grange with the appurtenances now described
as 3 J oxgangs of land, 15^ acres of meadow in a close called
Armescroft, 5 acres of meadow in Sutton Yngs, in a place
called Grym, and the tithes of the 15^ acres in Armescroft,
three cottages in Drypole, near the graveyard, a bercaria
called Swynelathes, with the manure from all animals pastur-
ing therein, and all other property let with the grange.
All this was let on lease to Thomas Aldred, Esquire,t at
£^ IIS. 4d., and if these ** appurtenances" went with the
grange when the rent was jQ6^ the difference seems to be
due to the absorption of land for the fortifications. The
land so absorbed would lie west and south of the church.
There appears to have been already a tower there at the
entrance to the Old Harbour, to which was secured one end
of the chain that closed the Port, and if there were also
houses there, as shewn in the plan in the Cotton Collection,
they or some of them might be included in the appurtenances
originally acquired with Drypool Grange.
As to Swynelathes, the charter {B.M., L.F.C., VIII., 7),
* There was also included a cottag^e with a close in Drypool, called
Langcroft, let on lease to Agues Squyer, widow, at 5s. 4d. She held
Magnusdaile under Meaux Abbey, and if this is the Langcroft that
adjoins Hedon Crofl, the name of Drypool extended further into Sutton
than I have supposed.
t Alrede, Aldred, or Alured — the family so long prominent in and
about Hull.
4
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. *Jl
which still bears the seal of Sayer the third, grants to the
nuns the sheepfold *^ which lies next to the land called
Hedoncroft in Sutton just as it is bounded by the dikes.*'
I have placed Swynelathes on the Key Map with Hedon Close
and Langcroft, which are so named in the Sutton Tithe
Award of 1843. **Grym," or the Grimes would lie unfenced
in the Ings adjacent.
Early in the Seventeenth Century the Crown was raising
large sums on the remainder of the monastic lands. In 1609
Sir Baptist Hicks, a London Merchant, afterwards Lord
Campden and his associates, having paid ;£^75)OOo, James L,
at their instance, granted to Edward Bates and Henry Ellwes
lands including the pightell with 1 1 acres of meadow in the
Ings, formerly held by Robert Blassill.
In the first year of Queen Mary surplus lands, formerly
belonging to Thornton Abbey, were granted to Domina Joan
Constable, widow, and Sir John Constable, of Burton Con-
stable. They included a cottage in Drypole, an oxgang of
land and pasture in the Kirkefelde, a sheep cote and half a
close of land of i^ acres in the fields of Drypole, land and
pasture in ** le Midlefelde," Drypole, called a ^^pyghell,**
half an oxgang of land and pasture in the fields of Drypole,
containing i\ acres, i^ acres of land and pasture in le Midle-
feld, and a close of an acre in the town of Drypole. The
Middle Field would lie between the Kirkefield and the Clough
Field in the Groves.
On the Patent Roll, 17 Elizabeth, part 5, is a grant to John
Sonkye and Percival Gunson of an acre and a half of meadow
72 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
in Maunsdale, two acres of meadow In the south territory of
Stoneferry and Dripole West Field, half an oxgang of land
in the lordship of Drypule, called Kirkefeld, and a toft there
containing an acre of meadow, and another acre and a half
of meadow called Armescrofte, formerly belonging to the
dissolved monastery of Thorneton, co. Lincoln. At the
Dissolution, Thornton Abbey held in Drypole lands of the
annual value of £^ is. 2^6.
About. 1570, Mr. Robt. Ratcliffe endowed his hospital in
Salthouse Lane with pasture tb fe^d one cow in the Kirkefield.
In the 4th James L, Henry jAipted held pasture there for
56 cattle. But Sir Francis Thomas purchased of him two
oxgangs in the Kirke Field. This would be tillage. It may
be that only one part of this field had been liaid down to grass.
In 1645, Jeffrey Blades of Hull, Mercer, devised to his son
Edward a close of meadow of four acres and one stang in
Dripole Church Field.* In 1659, Joseph Blaides senior,
of Hull, devised to his son William the Blockhouse close,
containing 12 acres in Drypole. Also, "at Stoneferry the
house wherein Ellen fiisher dwells, called the ffery house,
with one garth and the groves '' and a common, and a house
in Drypoole with free common and a Pichell. In 1667,
William Blaides of Hull, Shipwright, devised to his son the
same property. The family was closely connected with Scul-
coats and Sutton.
The Parish Registers contain some interesting items be-
* He also left to him his gardens, &c., near Jesus Gate, ** now called
•Blanket Row," lately purchased of Thomas Gaskin.
1784- From Robt. Thew's Plan.
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. 73
longing to the time before the Blockhouses of Henry VIII.
were superseded by the new Citadel, and when old Drypool
still existed. In 1591, Jenet Adam of the South Blockhouse
was buried. In 1600, Owmfrey, the son of William Hop-
kinson was baptised, the " consponsors " being Humphrey
Hall, rector of Patrington, Josua Hall and **Mistrees Peeke"
of Hull. The fortifications were used as prisons for Popish
Recusants who were very harshly treated — alive and dead.
In 1602, Thomas Cletheray, a recusant of the North Block-
house was put into his grave "by the means of Henry
Garrat, without the minister and without the order of
buriall according to law." In. 1677, Mr. Martin Frobisher
of the South Blockhouse was buried. This bearer of a
distinguished name may have had no connection with the
great sea captain, for the name was in common use for a
person who furbished up arms or utensils. Among the
expenses of the Corporation about 1522 was one shilling
paid ** to the Frobisher for scouring the Sword." In 1597,
a suicide was buried on the north side of the church. The
name of Blaides frequently appears; the Bromfleets were
landowners improving their position from the sixteenth to
the eighteenth century. One of the oldest local names is
Schakyll or Shackles, of Stoneferi^ and Southcoates in
the* fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
The erection, late in the seventeenth century, of the
Citadel, which remained until the middle of the nineteenth
century, led to many negotiations and revived old disputes
between the Crown and the Corporation, extending back to
74 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
their purchase from Sir Thomas de Sutton, in 1377, of land
for a tower.* Questions relating to lands in that locality
were dealt with in 1801, and particularly in 1861, when an
action by. the Corporation against the Crown was dismissed.
Owing to legal proceedings now pending, points that might
be of interest cannot be investigated at present, but the
following item may be usefully extracted from pro-
ceedings in Chancery of about the latter date. See
Chancery B. & A., i860, page 6, and Decree No. 2259,
22 Nov., 1861.
Until 1 68 1 there remained in use on the east side of the
river the fortifications of Henry VIII., consisting of the
North and South Blockhouses with the Castle standing
between them, and the long connecting wall and ditch. But
in that year the Ordnance Department under Charles II.
determined to strengthen and extend these fortifications, and
caused a new Citadel to be constructed wholly in the parish
of Drypool, enclosing the Castle and the South Blockhouse,
but abandoning the North Blockhouse and the connecting
wall from the scheme of military defence.
On the nth October, 1681, the Board of Ordnance sub-
mitjted to Counsel ** the draughts and the conveyance for the
lands to the south of Drypool Church and to the east of the
Castle and South Blockhouse, to be taken in of several
persons for the fortifications." The works were at once
pressed on by Major Beckman, who was in charge. While he
• See Poulson's ** Holdemess " under Drypool, and Sheehan's "Hist,
of Hull."
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. 75
was Still negotiating with the Corporation, and though
the conveyances were not complete, he was working on
the site of the old wall and ditch on the eastern side near
to the river, which belonged to the Crown. But after
some long delay the purchases of land were completed,
and **the same was duly conveyed by the several owners
thereof."
The two purchases contained about 30 acres, one part
being *^all that close adjoining into the blockhouse, containing
by estimation about 1 2 acres, lying and being in the lordship
of Drypool," and another part containing 19 acres of pasture
ground, '* abutting west upon the said close first described."
The new Citadel occupied the land covered by the southern
end of the old fortifications and part of the land purchased,
and it projected upon the foreshore so that the tides rose from
four to eight feet against the south wall. There remained,
however, about 14 acres of the purchased land lying eastward
of the Citadel, the surplus property of the Crown. The
whole became extra parochial.
From the description there may have been two, "several,"
or separate owners only, or there may have been "several" or
many owners of the close and the piece of pasture ground.
But there is no hint of a village of Drypool such as has been
assumed to have existed south of the church, and is indeed
shewn upon a sixteenth century drawing in the British
Museum. Better details of old Drypool may be discovered,
but, whether the owners were two or many, one can be
clearly identified.
76 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
In 1690, Elizabeth Truslove,* the sister of Thomas Watson,
of Stoneferry, left to her daughter, Margaret Dickinson, a
messuage and close in Drypool, which messuage had been
lately demolished, and the ground taken from her upon
the making of a citadel or fortifications near Drypool,
**for which I have not as yet received any satisfaction.*'
This seems to carry the Watson property beyond the
manor of Sutton. Here was one of the purchases that were
uncompleted when Major Beckman was hurrying on the
works on the western side of the Citadel.
In 165 1, Robert Broumfli^t conveyed to Israel Popple his
interest in a croft on which a tenement or toft late stood
abutting on Church-Field Lane (leading from Drypool Church
to the Kirke Field), on which now stand buildings north of
Popple Street. The King's highway was on the west, and
Churchfield Lane on the south. Farm buildings on this
land have been converted into cottages. The Hedon New
Road, an unprofitable undertaking, sliced a portion from the
property. With this was conveyed one little close near to it,
the two being shewn on Capt. Philips' map and on later
maps. The Ordnance map of 1856 shews that these were
detached portions of Southcoates. They had common rights
in that manor. In 1665, Thomas Bromfieet was a Church-
warden. The name of Bromfieet appears in many entries
in the Register, the prefix of Mr. shewing the position
• She was the daughter of Thomas and Margaret Watson, of Stone-
ferry, and was married to John Truslove, of Keingley, Wawne, at
Drypool Church in October, 1650.
n
4*-
* '
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. 77
of the family. In 1665, Mr. Thomas Watson,, of Stone-
ferry, who got Sir Philip Constable's share in the manor
of Sutton, left the manorial rights to his sister's son,
George Bromfleet, with all the privileges of the Courts, &c.
Although he only got therewith a piece of ancient pasture
ground, he was, as Sir Philip Constable had been, "a third
lord in Sutton." In 1676, George Bromfleet joined with
John Dalton, who owned a portion of the manor of Sutton,
as well as the Hastings Manor, in granting to the Mayor
and Burgesses of Hull liberty to set down posts and stoopes
on Sutton Side for fastening such ships as should be drawn
beyond the North Bridge. His share in the manor passed,
by purchase, from his representatives to Charles Pool, Senior,
and through the family of Mason to Mr. R. C. Broadley.
Charles Pool acquired from the same source the tithes of
Drypool and Southcoates.*
North-west of Church Street is a block of property,
bounded, by St. Quintin's Place, close to the old course of
Summergangs Dike. This was associated with a smaller
piece to the north of Popple's crofts. Wills of the family of
St. Quintin, long resident in Drypool, shew that it was in that
family in 1729, when it consisted of a dwelling-house and
* The lands and tithes belonging to George Bromfleet, who died in
1703, were inherited by his son, Henry. His heir was his uncle, Samuel
Bromfleet, whose coheirs were the sisters. Consolation Lyth, spinster
(who in 1 710 sold her share to Thomas Eyres), and Jane, the wife of
Noah EUerthorpe. In 171 7, both shares were bought by Charles Pool,
whose son, Charles Pool the younger, brought about the enclosure of the
spacious fields and commons in Southcoates and Sutton. This with
much of Pool's property passed to the family of Broadley.
78 EVIDENCES RELATING TO EAST HULL.
garth, with two **pickels," and one free common on Summer-
games. Pickel here means pightle, a sheepcot or enclosure
in the meadows. In 1781, William St. Quintin left the
property to his sisters for life, and afterwards to a boy named
William St. Quintin. In course of time it became covered
with streets and houses^ which are now being partially
cleared away.
Hardly any of the places named in the records of old
times would now be recognisable by the thinly scattered
population of the cowkeepers and shepherds that were their
chief occupiers. Building is reaching Stoneferry and pro-
gressing towards Sutton. The Humber Field and the Kirke
Field, with much of the South Ings and the Arn^escroft have
been appropriated, and the eastern docks have driven back
the Humber tides. Streets and terraces of houses, such as
have occupied all the western parts of the Summergangs,
are now invading the grass lands of the West Field, while
far away beyond the East Field, streets were, years ago,
prematurely laid out. Electric Tramways having been
carried beyond the East Park, with probable extensions
eastward and northward the time cannot be far distant when
all the old historic sites and landmarks within the eastern
boundries of the City will be known only from old records.
The western part of the City is now being intersected by
noble avenues ; soon the Holderness Road will be continued
by a straight thoroughfare leading to the centre of it's com-
merce and the centre of its Municipal life. The " Groves "
will be intersected by a thoroughfare as necessary for bright-
DRYPOOL IN SWINE. 79
ing the dull places of that oddly named locality as for the
convenience of its trade. Then the narrow, crooked and
squalid rows and lanes throug^h which the growing* traffic
has struggled, will give place to fitting and dignified means
of approach to the City of Kingston-upon-Hull.
INDEX.
»»
>»
Albemarle, Isabella, Countess
of, 27, 41
Alford fam., 39, 56
Alured, Alrede or Aldred fam.,
4^ 53» 70
Ankedam dike, 53
Antholme dike, 53
Antigallican Tavern, 15
Amescroft meadow, 65, 70, 72
Auction by sandglass, 19
Berewic in Sutton, 8, 9
Sudcoats, 10, II
Dripole, 10, 21, 42
Beverley, College of St. John,
8,42
Blassell, Robt., 69, 71
Blaides fam., 12, 72
Blockhouse, North, 11, 13, 73
„ South, 73
Blockhouse Close, 12, 72
Lane, 11, 12
Mill, II, 63
Broadley fam., 13, 26, 35, 62, 77
Bromflete fam., 67, 73, 76, 77
Browning, Eliz. Barrett, 63
Brick Kilns, 15
Bridge foot, 11, 13, 14
Bu reels, Bursilland, 47, 53
Burial in Woollen, 19
Burton fam., 17, 20, 21
Countess Croft, 41
Catherine, Queen of Charles 1 1 ,44
Chest, ancient, 17
»»
»»
»»
»»
Chimney lands, 48
Clough Dike, 61
,, Field, 18, 20
CoUings, fam., 12, 13, 14
Commons, stinted and free, 60
Constable, Sir John, 41, 71
Sir Marmaduke, 34
Sir Philip, 34, 59, 77
Cooper, Spyvee, 18
Coraepasture, 49
Carthusians, Hull, 38, 68
Dailes, 39
Dalton fam., 13, 26, 59
Dansom lane, 14, 60
Davie, heiresses, 57
Dripole in Sutton, 10, 11, 12, 13,
in Swine, 64
Field, II, 20, 53, 64
West-field, 65
Manorand Berewic, 10,42
Church, 18, 64
Grange, 69, 70
Dripole-gote, 12, 68
Drypool with Southcoates, 7
Dudley, Duke of Northumber-
land, 39
,, Earl of Leicester, 39
Edward L, 29
Embankments, 7
Ember Garth, 59
Enclosure of Fields, 59, 61
Ewelands, 48
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