BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY
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NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION
;"36 -
DIVISION OF REVIEW
EVIDENCE STUDY
NO. 12
OF
THE FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING AND
METAL FINISHING AND METAL COATING INDUSTRY
Preparad by
TRISTRAM J. CAMPBELL
JULY, 1935
PRELIMINARY DRAFT
(NOT FOR RELEASE: FOR USE TN DIVISION ONLY)
TIIE EVIDEl'ICE STTOY SERIES
The EVIDEl'ICE STUDIES nere orifiinally nlanned as a r.enns of gathering
evidence bearing- upon various legal issues v.'hich arose under the National
Industrial Recovery Act.
These studies have value quite aside froni the use for which they were
originally intended. Accordingly, they are no'.v made available for confidential
use within the Division of Reviei.?, and for inclusion in Code Histories,
The full list of the Evidence Studies is as follows;
1. Automobile Manufacturing Ind,
2. Boot and Shoe Mfg. Ind.
3. Bottled Soft Drink Ind.
4. Builders' Supplies Ind.
5. Chemical Mfg. Ind.
6. Cigar Mfg. Industry
7. Construction Industry
8. Cotton Garment Industry
9. Dress Mfg. Ind.
10. Electrical Contracting Ind,
11. Electrical Mfg. Ind.
12. Fab, Metal Prod, Mfg., etc.
13. Fishery Industry
14. Furniture Mfg. Ind,
15. General Contractors Ind.
16. Graphic Arts Ind.
17. Gray Iron Fotmdry Ind.
18. Hosiery Ind,
19. Infant's & Children's V/ear Ind.
20. Iron and Steal Ind.
21. Leather
22. Lumber & Timber Prod. Ind.
23.
24.
25,
2c ,
27.
28,
29.
<i*0 •
31.
32.
33.
o4.
37.
38.
33,
40,
41.
42.
43.
Mason Contractors Industry
Men's Clothing Industry
Motion Picture Industry
Motor Bus Mfg. Industry (Dropped)
needlework Ind. of Puerto Rico
Painting ?c Paperhanging '& Decorating
photo Engraving Industry
plunbing Contracting Industry
Retail Pood (See No. 42)
Retail Lumber Industry
Retail Solid Fuel (Dropped)
Retail Trade Industry
Ri-.bber Mfg, Ind.
Ruboer Tire Mfg. Ind.
Silk Textile ind.
Structural Clay Products Ind,
Thro'.7ing Industry
Trucking Industry
Waste Materials Ind.
Wholesa-le & Retail Food Ind, (See No.
Tfinolesale Fresh Fruit & Veg. 3l)
In addition to the studies brought to completion, certain materials have
been assembled for other industries. These MATERIALS are included in the series
and are also made available for confidential use within the Division of Review
and for inclusion in Code Histories, as follows;
44. Wool Textile Industry
45. Automotive Parts & Equip, Ind,
46. Baking Industry
47. Canning Industry
43. Coat and Suit Ind,
43.
50,
51.
53,
Household Goods & Storage, etc. (Drop-'
Motor Vehicle Retailing Trade Ind, ped)
Retail/ Tire 4 Battery Trade Ind.
Shi-p & Boat Bldg. & Repairing Ind.
Wholesaling or Distributing Trade
L. C. Marshall
Director, Division of Review
o^^^l (A^l»
COHTEIITS
Pg-se
ForeT'ord 1
CHAPTE^a I - TKS KATlUffi OF Tllb IimUSTxlY 2
Size of the Industry 2
Geographical Distribution 2
iltunber of States in Wiich Specified Concerns Operate ...» 3
C:voit8l Inveistnent 3
Failures and FiuaJicial Conaitions 4
Volume of Sales and Productive Ca'oacity 4
CoHpeting Products S
Market for the Industry* c products 3
CHAPTER II - LA30E STATISTICS ?
11-Uj.iber of Wage Earners ;and Total Wages 7
Actual Hourly Earnings S
Hours of Labor 9
Actual Weekly Earninf^iG 10
"Heal" Earnings 10
i.iiscella:-ieous H
Effects of the Code on Lahor 13
Employees and Wages oy States 13
Wc-ii-es Conpared vith Total Vrilue of Product 13
Labor Complaints 14
CHAP'TER III - IIATERIJUjS: RAW AM) SEMI -PROCESSED 15
Princiiial Materials 1|^
Source of Materia-ls and Equipment 15
Co?t of Materials Compared r.-ith Total V' lue of Product .. 15
CHAPTER IV - PRODUCTIOU AilD DISTHIBUTIOlT 16
Advertising 16
CHAPTER V - TRADE PRACTICES 1'^
CHAPTER VI - GEIEBAL IHFOm-ATIClI IS
. llethod of Transportation Used 13
Trade Association Activity 1^
Relationr.hip hetv/'O^on Labor and Management 13
Trade Union Activity , 1^
Effect of the Code on the Industry 13
Use of Trade Marks 13
Foreign Competition 19
List of Erqperts •l^
SOURCE ^
APPEHDIX 21
8314 -i^
TADLE
I
TA£LE
II
TA2LE
III
TA£L7.
IV
TASLE
V
TA3LB
TI
TASLS VII -
TAILE VIII -
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TAJBLE
ta:ble
TABLE
TABLE
IX
-XI -
XXI -
XIII ~
XIV -
T'll -
TABLES
ITura-oer of Concerns, 19'"'8-1933 2
Total mimber of Concerns oy States, 1935 2
81 Concerns Classified According to the Ntunter
of States in Which They Had Plants, 1934 .... 3
Carjital Investment, 1929, 1931, 1933 3
Fixed Assets of 166 Companies, 1929, 1932, 1933 . ,4
ProductiTC Capacity, Vol-ome of Sales and
Estimated Percenta.ge of Productive Capacity
Utilized, 1928-1933 5
Sales Value or Volume of Principal Product
Groups, 1929, 1931, and 1933 6
Kumber of Wage Earners and Estimated Total
Annual Wage Payments at Current Hate, 1926-
Septemter, 1934 7
X''olrime of EiTiploj-ment and Wages 8
Average Hourly Earnings for Unskilled Wage
Earners, 1926 -September, 1933, . 8
A.verage Hourly Earnings, hy Wage Districts,
1929-1934 9
Average Hours Worked Per Week, 1926-1934 9
Average Hourly Earnings per Unskilled Wage
Earner, 1925-Septera'ber, 1933 10
Average Wee]:ly Earnings per Unskilled Wage
Earner, 1929 and September, 1933 11
Employment, Payrolls, Hours and Wages,
1933-1934 12-13
Percentage Relationship of Wages to the Value
of Product, 1926-1932 15
8314
IX -
-1-
FABHICATZD iSIAL FKODUCTS i J-MFACTUTtlllG- AllD
METAL FIi:iSIII];C aY,!) ISTilL COATING II.DUSTRY
Forev'rjrd
TLe ralDiicatGd Motai Products Manuf"ctr4.rinr and Metal Finishing and Iletal
Coating Industr- corers a vor," troad crsJ diver-jified field of industr;' - all
the vray fro:-! hos: ring and rinrers to artistic li fluting: equipnent. Tarioxis
Censua clrssifications cove:.- oirtr o:f t'lo Industr" "but it is not pos^ji'ble to
coinliine these so a.' to covei- e::act]" the Code clcp.sif ication. Sone branches
of the Industry a.s covered 1)3" the Code a.re not included in the Census data and
for others a hrea^cdoTm of the lore-inclurivc Census data, is not aveilahle. In
vicTT of this difficulty Code Authorit;,- rlr.ta have "beeri -oresented rather tha"
ori;';inal Census data. Tr-.e Code Aiithority "ibtained these data by rai:in,'=: the
proper adjustment for tho differeace betv/eon Census classifications ejid Code
class if ica.t ion.
The Code Authority v/as oi-'-^^c^nis^ed out of the Fabricated Metal Products
Federation, and, fnr the nost -part, the records of the Federation 'Tere incor-
porated into tne records of th^^ Code Authority. These records list 7,075
concerns in the Industry, and ".'rovide production p.nd flnsiicial da,ta. for a,bout
40 per cent of the concerns, and T/ar,e data for only about one per cent,. Se-
cause of the broad scope of the Industr;,!-, it has been difficult to obtain nore
conplete statistical covera^-©. Of those concerns reporting, the najorit;,'- are
probabljr the better orfranized "^nd cperated concerns of the Industr;''.
The fi.-iures talcen from the applications for presentation of Codes of Fair
Competition are narked esti:.iated tdierever they '7ere thus indicated on the code
applications. As is indicated b;- the rounding off of other figures from the
sarie source, it is likely they nere estimates also, but it i^. inpossible to
determine to ~rhat extent tiiis is trae.
The Bureau of La,bor Statistics data iiresented in Table JCVII constitate
tne anlj Governnent statistics pertaining specifically to the Industry as de-
fined by the Code. All of th^: material presented in the Appendix ras supplied
by the Code Authority, and is subi-iitted in the forn prepared by it.
8314-
-2-
CHAPOiJH I
THE NATURE OF TIffi IimUSTRY
Size of the Industry
The Patricatcd Hetnl Products iianufacturing aiid Metal Finishing and
Metal Coating Industry is composed of ap:pro::irar/-.el7 7,075 concerns engaged
in the production and wl\olesale distri"b\ition and fahricated metal "oroducts,!/
Due to the disorganized condition of this industry prior to the enforcement
of the codes no reliable statistics of the total numlDer of concei-ns operating
in pre-code years are availalDle, tut the folloning data for selected sub-
groups of the industry as listed in the Appendix under Exliihit A may "be
taken as a rough indication of the trend for the entire industr;/- during the
years 1928-1933,
TABiE I
Humter of Concerns, 1928-1933
(includes only those mrjiufacturing
groups listed in Ejiiihit A)
Year
Hfjnber of Concerns
1928
3,145
1929
3,193
1930
3,112
1931
3,054
1932
2,984
1935
2,909
Soxirce: Records of the Code Authority.
See Appendix, Erdiihit A, for
further infoms^tion.
G-eog^ra'ohical Sistrihution
In the Appendix u^ider E.xliihit B is listed the total nn^Aer of concerns
in each State. The distri'bution among the leading maniii'act-aring States is
indicated hy Tahle II,
TABLE II
Total ITuiiher of Concerns hy Stat ;s, 1935
State
ITumber of Concerns
U. S. Total
7,075
Hew York
1,383
Illinois
785
Pennsylvania
392
Ohio
678
Massachusetts
553
California
450
Connecticut
355
He^; Jersey
349
Michigan
328
Other States
1, 501
Source: Records of the Code Authority. See
jtopendix, Erdiihit B, for further in-
formation.
1/ As of Hay 25, 1935; from records of the Code Authority.
8314
TIius, of the total of 7,075 concerns in the FalDricatecL lietal Products
Manvaacturing and I'letal JTinisLln;;; and Metal Coating Industry, 5,574 concerns,
or nearly 80 per cent, are concentrated \7ithin the Boston-New York-Fhila-
delphia trade area, the Lcke States trade area, and the San Francisco trade
area.
Ilumlier of States in iHiich S'oecified Concerns Operate
The Code Axithority was a'olo to obtain detailed information on su'b~
sidiaries, 'braiiCJL plants, sales nfficjs and ue.rchoiiseG of concerns in the
industry only to the limited c::tcnt shcvm in the i/ipendi:: under ErJiilDit J.
Tatle III summarizes this Erdii'bit after all de'be.ta'ble items are discarded.
1VlBL3 III
81 Concerns Classified According to the Nnm'ber
of States in ¥laich They Had Plants, 1934
number of i-T'O-ulier of Injjnher of Plants
States Concerns O'T'erated
Total 81.. 258
One State 31 65
T\70 States 30 70
Tlaree States 8 34
Pour States 9 54
Seven States 1 9
iline States ?. 26
Source: Records of the Code Authority, See Appendix,
Exhibit J, for further information.
This tabulation is indicative of the interstate character of the indus-
try. Of 81 concerns \7ith 253 plants the activity of only 31 concerns auid 65
plants TO.s coirlTiiied to a sin^'le state. The remainder were operating in two
or more states.
C<?.pital Investment
Of the total capitp,l invested in the Fabricated lietal Products i.ianu-
facturing sxiA. Metal Finishing and Metal Coating Industry, there is no
available record, but for the industry sub-groups listed under Ejdiibit A
of the Appendix, invested capital is indicated in Te.ble IV.
T.^BLE IV
Capital Investment, 1323, 1931, 1933
(Inclnxles only those manvjfaxturing
groups listed in Exhibit A)
Yeor Ar.o-jJit
1929 $737,24^,263
1931 673,603,283
1953 525.332.097
Source: Report of Po.bricated Lietal Products
Federation.
8314
As c. supplement to Talilo IV, reference should "be made to Ezdiioit C of
tlie Appendix showing the finrjicial strvjst-'.ire of 165 concerns reporting this
type of informction. The firved assets of these concerns are given in the
follo\7i:ig table,
TABLE V
Eirced Assets of 166 Companies
1929, 1952, 1933
Year Aaount a/
1929 $90, -290, 841
1932 83,839,306
1933 62,144,295
Soui-cc: Fa'cricated Hetal Products i'oderation.
See Appendix, Ejiiioit C, for f-orther
ir-fornation,
a/ Fixed assets include laiid, "buildings, ma-
chinery ?iid equipnent less reserves and
depreciation.
These 15-3 concerns in 1935 reported their fixed assets as $62,144,295
Paid their total assets at $153,350,494, as compared v/ith the $625,332,097
of invested capital of the 2,909 concerns in Exhihit A. The conclusion may
he dra\7n tlia,t these 166 concerns were the more important ones in the
industry,
Regsj-ding Exhihit C attention is called to the following facts: first,
the maintenaiice of the liquid condition of these 165 concerns in the relation-
ship hetT/een their cxTrrent assets ajid current liabilities; second, the decline
to 63,8 per cent of 1929 valiies in the fixed assets (a decline in line uith
the nrite-dovrn in the assets of other industrial groups); and, third, the
rapid decline in surplus, and the change from net profit to net loss with a
decline in sales indicating that these concerns must, in the aggregate,
total some $119,000,000 in yearly sales in order not to incur a loss.
Failures and Financial Conditions
In 1954 there were 11 fail^ares in this industry, according to figures
compiled from Dun and Bradstrect's hy the Cost Accounting Section of the
Research and Flojining Division of HRA.
Erdii'bits A and C of the Appendix give, for certain selected concerns,
a limited comparison of the financial condition within the Industry for the
years 1929, 1932 and 1953. For these concerns, the data for 1932 and 1953
show a net loss,
Volnme ox Sales and Productive Ca-pacity
For the concerns in the raanuJTacturing siih-groups listed in Exhibit A,
the volume of sales is shoTrn in Table VI.
The productive capacity, limited to the s-nme industries, and the
estimated" percentage of prodactive crpacity utilised, are also shown.
8314
TJBLE VI
Productive Capacity, VoItijuc of Sales and.
Estimated Porcenta~e of Productive Capacity
Utilized, 1023-1933
(includen only those nanufactujring
groTxos listed in Eidiiltit A)
— — ■- '
Per
Cent of Pro-
productive Cn'o,-
icity
duct
ive Capacity
Year
(In tlioris raids)
Volume of Sc
ilea
Ut
ilized a/
1828
$613,377
$625, 526
77.0
1928
913,414
685,799
75.2
19 30
887,433
»
559,179
53.0
1931
073, G70
394, 305
45.1
1832
856,807
280,225
32.7
1933
782,012
265,062
33.9
Source: Records of the Code Axithority. See Appendix,
Exhihit A, for f^ai■■ther information.
cj Fercent,^^j^-e xitilized obtained by calciilatinj the
per cent that sales are of total capacity. It is
asGiijjed that the periods covered by production and
sa3-es are identical, the fact that there may he a
lag in sales "beins disregaj'ded.
On the assumption tliat the information iras compiled without "orejudice
and that the 2,209 concerns covered - being over 40 per cent of tlie total
n-umber of 7,075 concerns l/ i;i 1833 - are representative of all concerns,
the above percentages may be considered in a general v;ay to be character-
istic of fie Industry as a whole.
Table VII gives the sales value or volume for the principal product
groiTiDS in the Industry for the years 1929, 1S31, and 1933. 1934 data sA-e
not available. The table sho\;s the precipitoixs drop in the sales of most
of the product grou,JS sin:e 1S29. Particularly noticeable is the drop In
sale;j of railT.?" car appliance s rnd ferrous a:id non-ferrous produ.cts in
the Chicago area.
1/ See Tables I and III.
8314
-6-
TA'BLE VII
Sales Va,lti-c or Volvxio of Principal Product Grou-ps,
1929, 1931, and 1953
Annual S^les or Production
Product G-rotrps
1929
1931
1933
Li;l'liting equipment
Railway ca,r appli-
CJICOS
Electroplating
Perrotis & non-fcrrouc
products (Chica^^o)
Steel Ijarrels
Cutlerjr
Tools & implements
Wire c: iron fence
Vitreoiis enajielcd
nare
Wrenches and pliers
"Jire rope and strand
ru^QTolar split &
pronged rivets
TJood screv:s
Drapery & cai'pet liard-
v;aj.-e
Piles and rasps
$1-14,965,706 $71,643,552 $
52,015,000
23,727,916
23,198,000
23,145,897
21,570,000
17,740,00(Jt/
17,628,000
9, 01-, 000
13,084,240
3,000,000
12,969,675
14,228,000
13,317,000£/
11,752,000
4,561,000
9,500,000
2,400,000
6,767,430a/
8,913,000
9,900,000
5,875,541
17,531,402 14,386,068 7,450,725
15,000,000 7,000,000^ 4,500,000^/
159,398 tons 66,684 tons 22,928 tons£/
13,819,000 M
11, 243,751k/
3,527,000 M
7,788,S52£/
11,130,000^/ 10,002,075£/
11,000,000 5,000,000
6,738,000 M
3,874,53l£!:/
4,300,000
6,000,000
Source: Applications for Presentation of Codes of Pair
Conpetition sulimitted l)y individua.l Code Au-
thorities to the ITHA.
=/
■^
7 nonths.
1938
Com-oeting
Products
c/ 1930. e/ 5 months,
d/' Estimate sutraitted Isy Code Applicaaits.
The industries coupetin- nith the products of the Pa.liricated Metal
Products Man'afact-DJTing and Metal Finishing an.d Metal Coating Industry are
nidely diversified, l)ut consist in the main of those industries nc?Jixafactur-
ing wood, plastic rabher, and other prca.ucts which fall imder the juris-
diction of other codes.
Market for the Industry's Products
The industries and trades using the products of the Pahricatod lletel
Products Manufacturing azid Metal- Finishing and Metal Coating Industry ai'e
widely varied. Por insta:ace, it appears from the records of the Code Au-
thority thr.t in 1933 the Shoe Majiufactm-ing Industry used $792,477 worth
of shoe shanlcs; the structural industries used $2,500,000 worth of metallic
wall stro.ctures and $423,083 worth of metal safety treads; mining used
$212,099 v.'orth of mine tools; and paper a:id pulp mills required $2,822,241
v/orth of wire cloth.
8314
-7-
Chapter II
lilBor statistics
Num"ber of Wage Earners and Total WaP'es
The numlDer of wage earners and estimated total annual wages paid "by
the entire industry are given in Table VIII. Tlie data indicate an in-
crease of 98.9 per cent in the ."unual wage rate as of Septemter 16, 1934,
a"bovG the annual wage rate of April 1, 1333.
TABLE VIII
Humher of Wage Earners and Estimated Total Annual
Wage PajTnents at Current Hate, 1926-September; 1954
Annual Wage
Period or Numher of Payment r; at
Date Wage Earners Current Hate
1926 average 373,927
1929 average 413,053...
April 1, 1933 204, 51£ $145,412,000a/
July 15, 1933 250,284
September 16, 1935 313,752
September 16, 1954 515,000^ 289 , 225 , OOOS/
Source: Compiled by the Codo Authority from the Census of Manufactures^
and Trend of Sm-oloyment published by the Bureau of Labor Statis-
tics; other sources indicated in the footnotes. See E:-±iibits D,
S, nnA. ? in the Appendix for further information.
a/ Computed from the figure given as of Se-ntember 16, 1934, adjusted for
the per cent increase in total weekly payrolls as stated at the Public
Hearing on the P.M. P. Co.de.
b/ Computed from the ijercentage increase in emplojnnent as stated at the
Public Hearing on the P.M. P. Code,
c/ CoraiDuted from the anntial weekly earnings as stated at the Public Hear-
ing on the P.M. P. Code, adjusted for the total nun.ber of employees and
the total number of weeks in a year.
Volume of employment and wages represented as percentages of the May,
1933, level are given in Table IX. This information taken from Ej±ibit D,
Table VII, is not directly/' comnarable to that given in Table VIII bectoise
of a difference in the periods covered.
8314
TABLE IX
Volume of Enployment and ^n^,es
(May 1933 =. 100)
Period
Inde~ of tho
In
dcj: of
lumber
of 'Sm-Dloyees
Totax
I' avrol 1 s
May, 19S3
100.0
100.0
Fet, 1934
153.5
177o9
June 1934
119.5
138.1
Dec. 1934
127.2
153.8
Average, 1934
127.0
151.4 a/
Source: Records of the Code Authority, hased u-Don 2,700 to
3,000 reports from the industry. See E:>iii"bit D, Tatle
VII, in the Appendix, for further information.
sj On "basis of 36-hour week.
Actual Hourly Earning:s
The average hoiirly earnings for unskilled wage earners as reported hy
60 concerns are given in Tahle X.
TABLE X
Average Hourly Earnings for Unskilled
Wage Earners, 1926 - Septenher, 1933
(60 concerns)
Period or
Date
Average Hourly Earnings
Per Unskilled TIage Earner
( C ent s )
1926 average
1929 average
1932 average
A-oril 1, 1933
July 15, 1953
Septemher 16, 1933
35.1
31.8
27.9
25.7
32.5
Source! Records of the Code Authority.
The average hourly earnings troken do;7n by wage districts are given in
Table XI.
8314
-9-
T/^LE XI
Average Hourly Earnin?TS, "by Har.e Dintricts, 1929-1934
(In cents)
All
Reporting
Northern Wage
Southern Wage
Period or Date
C(
3ncern5
District
Di
strict
1926 average a/
50.3
„,
1929 avera£;e a/
54.9
—
—
May 6, 1955 "b/
45.2
43.2
35.0
Fet. 10, 1934 b/
50.5
50.6
41.0
June 15, 1934 hj
52.7
52.9
38.1
Dec. 15, 1934 hj
53.2
—
—
1934 average t/
52.7
—
*"■"
Sourcei^ Records of the Code Authority. Blanks indicate data not
available,
a/ Based upon reports from 60 concerns.
'bj Based upon 2,700 to 3,000 reports; preliminary figures; 1934
figure represents average for 52 weeks.
Hours of Labor
The average hours worked "oer week per employee may be summarized as
follows:
TABLE XII
Average Hours Worked Per Week, 1926-1934
All Rer>orting ITorthern Wage Southern Wage
Period or Date Concerns District District
1SS6 average a/ 48.6
1929 average a/ 46.8 - r-
1932 average a/ 31.9 ▼
A-oril 1, 1933 a/ 34.9
May 6, 1933 b/ 38.9 38.9 41.7
July 15, 1933 a/ 45.8
Sept. 16, 1933 a/ 41.3
Feb, . 10, 1954 b/ 38.5 38.5 36.0
J-'a:ie. 15, 1934 b/ 36.9 56,9 33. C
Dec. 15, 1934 b/ 37.2 - r-
1934 average b/ 35,4 - - .
Source : Records of the Code Authority, Blanks indicate data not
available.
a/ Based upon reoorts from 50 concerns,
b/ Based UDOn 2,700 to 5,000 reports from the industry.
8314
-10-
The fact that average weel':ly hom-s in th'i northGrn waf^e district are
identical with those for all reportinf; firms suggests that there are so few
plants and employees in the southern district that their hours have no ef-
fect where an average is taken for the country as a whole. According to
Exhibit 3 of the A-opendiz, however, some five per cent of all concerns -
altho^ogh not necessarily of all employees - are located in the southern
area. The erplanation of the identity of the northern and the United States
average may lie rather in the fact that the percentage of routhern concerns
reporting was too small to obtain proper weighting for that region in arriv-
ing at the final average.
Actual Weekly Earnings
The average weekly earnings for the Industry tabulated in Exhibit G of
the Append!" show a decline, from May 1935 to December 1934, in the weekly
earnings for the southern wage district, a substantial increase in the
northern wage district, with a corresponding rise for all reporting concerns.
"Real".' Earnings
The following analysis of "real" earnings is based on data submitted by
the Code Authority.
TABLE XIII
Average Hourly Earnings per Unskilled
Wage Earner, 1926-Sept ember, 1933
(60 concerns)
. -
NM Cost of
Heal
Actual Earnings
Living Index
Earnings
Period or Date
(cent
s per
hour)
(1929-100)
(cents "oer hr.)
1926 average
33.1
103.9
31.9
1929 average
35.1
100.0
35.1
1932 average
31.8
74.9
42.5
April 1, 1953
27.9
68.4 (AvTil)
40.8
July 15, 1933
26.7
72.7 (July)
36.7
Sept. 15, 1933
32.5
74.5 (Aug.)
43.6
Scarce: Records of the Code Authority, and IffiA.
From the same source, and by means of the same method, the real weekly
earnings for unskilled wage earners were computed as given in Table XIV which
shows an average increase in real earnings per week of $lr,59, as corn-oared
with an average decrease of $3e01 in actual average weekly earnings for the
same class of wage earners and for the same period.
8314
-11-
Ti^LE XIV
Averages Weekly Earnin,'"s per Unskilled
Wa^e Earner, 1C29 and September 1933
(60 concerns)
I
IIRA. Cos-b of Real Earn-
Actual Earnings Living Index ings
Period or Date (dollars per T^ek. ) (1939=100 ) (dollars ner wk.)
1929 average 16.43 100.0 1G,43
Sept. 1933 15.42 74.5 (Aug.) 18.02
Source: Records of the Code Authority.
Miscellaneous
In Erchibit H of the Ap-oendix is given a tabulation of the relationship
between the size of wage groups and the comparative number and percentage of
reporting concerns and reported employees in eadi group for 1935; 5,337 con-
cerns having a membership of 225,162 employees comprise the groupings. An
additional 25IIO plants v^rere not reported,
Eiihibit K indicates that the najority of the concerns in the reporting
industries employ less than t en workers,
Eidiibit D of the Appendiv presents a variety of statistical information
regarding wages, emplo^Tnent, and hours of labor. Tables I and II of E::hibit
D indicate that about 57 per cent of the wage earners covered, receive as much
as 45 cents an hour and that about 55 per cent of the office workers earn as
much as $20.00 a week. Table VX of Exhibit D shows that about 43 per cent of
the factory workers and about 71 per cent of the office employees work between
37,6 and 40 hours a week.
Table III of Exhibit D shows the number of workers by classes that, out
of a total of 172,582, were receiving less thr'n the minimiim wage in 1934, In
the northern wage district there were 2sl1'2 such workers - 1,2 per cent of the
total workers - while the southern district reported only 20 workers. However,
as has been suggested before 1/ the preponderant number of employees reported
for the northern wage district is considered to be due to more complete re-
porting in that district rather than to the actual geographical distribution
of employees.
Table IV of Exhibit D classifies these 172,582 workers into male and fe-
male, office and factory, and gives the total workers in each class, with theii
respective hours and earnings for the week ending December 15, 1934, Table V
performs a similar service for the year of 1934 and gives, in addition, an anal-
ysis of the equivalent weeks worked on a 40-hour week basis and the average
yearly earnings of each class,
1/ See above p. 9 and 10
8314
-1 '^—
Effects of the Code on Labor
TalDle XV presents data on employment, payrolln, hours and wages for
1933 and 1934. These data are the result of a special tabulation undertaken
■by the Bureau of Lator Statistics, in cooperation vdth the IIRA. Research and
Planning Division, to provide rclialsle infornation reiSiarding the Industry as
specifically defined ty the Code. They are not strictly comparable nith
other data already given in this Chapter "because of the difference in the
size of the sample and in the source supplying the information.
Other material givin^^ a conroarison of the pre-Code and Code situation
is given in Ei-iibit;; D, F, and G- of the Appendix.
Table \i
Enployment, Payrolls, Hours and Wages a/
1933-1934
Month Taj
1953
Jan.
?eh.
Mar,
Apr.
May
J-'one
July
Aug.
Sept,
Oct,
llov,
Dec,
Average
Inde-es. 1953 = 100
Average
Hours
Worked
Wages
Aver- Aver-
age ej age c/
Employ- Pay- Man-
ment cJ rolls c/ Hours d/ Per Week eJ Hourly. y|g^^}gj,gj)
B4,5
75.9
73.7
86.9
79.4
79.1
82.1
69.0
70.9
84.3
72.8
76.3
87.4
85.0
90.5
94.5
99.9
107.2
101.7
109.0
119.6
112.3
117.3
119.6
116.5
120.8
116.1
118.9
125.3
118.8
116.9
123.8
116.2
114.0
122.1
111,4
100.00 100.00
100. CjO
31.7
33.1
31.4
33.1
37.6
41.2
42.7
38.7
36.2
36.3
36.1
35.5
36.1
45.4
44.3
44,6
43.7
43.4
43.0
42.1
44.9
48.4
48.6
48.5
49.9
45,6
15.12
15.39
13.97
14.35
16,17
17,61
17.81
17.33
17.24
17,53
17,31
17,60
16,45
1934
Jan,
110.0
115,2
104,2
34.4
50-, 5
17.18
Feh.
114.7
126,0
115.9
36.1
50,1
18.14
Mar,
120,5
136,5
123,4
37,2
50,2
18.69
Apr.
124,0
142,4
127,3
37,3
50.9
18.95
May
124,5
144,4
126.4
36.9
51.7
19.07
Jime
121,1
138,1
122,0
36.6
51,5
18,75
July
115,4
124,6
109.0
34,3
52.7
17,80
Aug,
112.9
122.0
104,7
35,7
52,9
17.82
Sept,
111,1
117.9
101.6
35,2
53.1
17,69
Oct,
112.2
124,7
107.5
34,8
52.9
18,44
Nov,
113,5
128.9
110.6
35.4
53.0
18,80
Doc,
116,2
139,0
117.7
36.8
53.7
19,79
Average
116,3
130.0
114.0
35.6
51.9
18,43
Continued)
8314
So-.orce: Urnroblit-hed data secured "by the Bir-'eau of Lator Statistics ir co-
operation with the Division of Research and Planning, ITHA..
a/ Reportiiii,? establislirasnts considered to he almost completely covered hy
the Fahricated Metal Products Code,
h/ Pi.'ju.res reported were for the payroll period nearest the 15th of the
month,
c/ Based upon a representative sample covering an average of 525 estshlish-
raents and nearly 54.000 employees in 193?. Tiie sample T7as somewhat
large.' irx 1934.
d/ CoariUued: Inde:-: of employment times avera,^e hours worked per weak re-
duced to 1933 = 100.
e/ Based upon a representative sample covering an average of 365 estahlish-
ments and nearly 4y,G00 employees in 1933. The sample was considerably
larger in 1954.
Bmnloyees and Wa^'^es "by States
No statistics are available covering the total number of employees and
the total amount of annual wages by states; but in S:^±.ibit I of the Appendi:?:
is sho',7n the nvcjiber of eiirployees and the annual earnings for 1934 by states
for the 2,752 concerns reporting this information to the Code Authority.
These 2,762 concerns, vdth 162,302 emiployees and an annual pa.yi oil of
$160,571,947, can bo assumed to constitute a fairly representative sample of
concerns conservatively estimated to have had 225,000 1/ emiilo^ees in December
19S4, and a calculated payroll of approximately $290,000,000. i/
A comparison of Szhibit B with Ebihibit I indicates that these data are
reported more completely for some states than for others, and Exhibit I can
therefore be considered only as a. rough indicator of the relative importance
of the v3-rioti3 states.
Wages Com-oared v/ith Tot^l Value of Product
As shown in Table XVI, wages represent about 27 or 28 per cent of the
total value of the ^iroduct,
TABLE XVI
Percentage Relationship of Wages to the
Value of Product", 1926-1932
Per Cent Wages are of
Date Total Value of Product
1926 27.8
1927 28.1
192S 25.7
1932 "■ 25.9
Source: Sstimates of the Fabricated I/ietal
Pi-cducts Federation.
ly' See Exhibit A, footnotes "b" and "c."
2/ See Table VII I, abo^e.
331 •■:
-.14-
La"bor Complaints
Between the datas of i.Iay 9, 1934, and ITovemtor 23, 1934, the Compli-
ance Division listed the following later complaints of infractions of the
Patricated Metal Product:^ Code:
Type of Violations IT-umher of Con-plaints
Wag:e violations
Art. Ill - Wages 48
Reducing wa""eG 1
Hot paid for oirertime 22
Holdin:i; tack Dart of v/age 1
Seeking tack wages 7
Total wage violations 79
Eour violations
Art. Ill - Hours 33
Hours and wages 53
Working 7 days a week 4
Art. IV - Falsifying time cards 1
Total hour violations 91
Other complaints
Art, III - Home work 1
Classification 6
Section 7-A 4
Child lator 2
Art. IV - Lator provisions not posted 2
Discrimination and intimida-
tion 7
Miscellaneous sutjects _4
Total other complaints 26
Grand total number, all
complaints 196
8314^
-15-
Chapter III
MTERIALS: PAW MTD 3Ei:iI-py.0CESS3D
Principal tiaterials
The -principal materials used in the Faliriccited Metal Prodacts Man^^-
factv.rin:; end Metal Finishin.;: and Metf..! Coating Industry are iron, steel
and ferrous alloys in the form of "billets, Lars, rods, sheets and shapes;
copper in a variety of forms; leal, zinc, tin, e-nd altuninura. A large pro-
portion of these raaterisls enter into the Industry in the secondary form
and emerge as the finished product for the ultimate consumer.
Source of Materials and Equipment
Ho statistics are avail^hle as regards the source of these materials,
their voli-jne or their amonnts, hut it may dp ansur^ed tnat the iron, steel
and ferrous £illoy fabricators draw their material from the Pittsburgh and
Birmingliam areas, the Lake States, and fi'om the small imports of ferrous
products shipped in from the Etiropean industrial areas; tha.t they drar; on
the Western and Lake States, Canada, and Chile as their principal sources
of copper; on the Western States, Central States, Canada, and Meirico for
lead; on the Western States, Central States, Canada, and &arops for zinc;
on the Straits Settlements (t'lalaya) for tin; and en the New York, Tennessee,
and Horth Carolina producers for aluminum.
The jiiachinery and equipment used in the Industry is manufactirred
primarily in the machine-manvifacturing and machine-tool centers of the
Southern Kew England, New York, Pennsylvania, and Ilorth Central States
areas.
Cost of Materials Compared ^ith Total Value of Product
On the statement of the Code Authority, the cost of materials plus
the costs of managem'^nt comprise tijv-o-thirds the value of the product.
8514
-16-
Chapter IV
PRODUCT lOlT AlZ) DISTfilBUTIOK
Iiecaij.se of the la.c]^ of Code Authority information concerning
production £.nd distribution, and the overlappin:;; character of Census
and Department of Commerce data, practically no reliable information
is availaTDle on production and distrihntion for the Industry as de-
fined "by this Code, Such relevant data as are available are given
in Tables VI and VII above. The Code Authority advises that there have
been no inrportant shifts in the centers of production from 1929 to
1935.
Advertising
The Code Autiiority advises that ad.vertisinr: is conducted in
all media,, and tnat some is local aud some national in scope.
8314
-17-
Chapter 7
TIUDS PILVCTIOJiS
Su^senuent to the ^''^.-blisluient of tlie Cr.'k:-i, there existed vfirious
practices which Crrlled for clearer interpret<',.tioii of Code provision;! ftid more
definite r-.cheTenz? bo adTdnistrative ooltcies.
Certain jn--:iber3 of the Conrplpte vTirs and Iron Fsr-cc Industry atteirryted
to circuravcnt the. strict ohservsiTiCO of filed delivery prices thro'-.v2;h the
■atilization of dealers who, hj rfcoatia;?; to castonex a a -oortiou of the dealer's
Gtr,ndr.rv dii-cou.i.:t , cut price'- to t}i.e con^n'-er.
The Code lu-Oiority- of the Joh 'J-elvp-ii-in^ ?'ot--!l Coatin,'^ Inda-itr^-- stteTTij-
ted 'riO cloaely to restrict tnc form of pr-^cs f i1 ii!,;; i^-'tr.\ as to he inr;trj-
mental in fixin;'^; ori'.e?'. .
T::e Code Authovit;- o'' the :iet:aiic V/nll ^tr^'Ctir-t. IncMstry contended
that certair. ;i,:lditional iDrovisionb rere a'.,c o^sar"/ as follc^rs: first, thf-t
there Bhoii.ld he p. ten-d.'-y '71'itin.;- TcrJod in filing prices; second, Ihat pri-
ces on special re.'uireraents r,r, voll as st{:")5."rd requirement '3 should he filed;
ohird, that a pen-'ilty s3-ston should be re^;.rlrei to pr>..vent selling helo.?
cost; and, foiu-th, that a li-ni t.n,tj ou on free sauplus shovJ d he ina,ucu;:-ated
■^■0 .allo\; tho srnall r.pmxiT.v.ctuj.vrj; s to r.ore readily coiTioe'"? ■■■ith those Irrge
in-i.rruacturers acle to faruVsii elahorate free sarnie s. The Code Authority
f j.rther reciuested permission to establish and oper;\te a Central Quantit^/ Bu-
repoi to standardize cjjantities and ^'vinda of 'naterials and services reqaired
for each individurl Job.
Tne Code Aathorit-- for the Cutlery, ivlcnicco't InoleHsrt, and Painters'
and Paperhangers' Tool i/iairif ;vaturiup; Ir.dustry rec leiv-tcd a stay in the price-
filing provisions of the Code because ofthe connlercitles of products and the
difficolty in classifying^ then as re.gards cuality. It fLU'ther requested a
stay in the .•?« termination of a uniform method of accounting, as well e,s a
stay in the prohibition against sales below cost. Aniendjnents lyere proposed
limiting; the return of unsatisfactory raerchandise .and the un'Jiraited s-juaran-
teein^' of quality raerchandise.
In the Hilk and Ice Crean Can ilanufact-jj-in,-^ Iridustry an attest was made
to restrict the form of sales contract to certain avemies of distribution,
to restrict the allowance on cash discounts, and to restrict the classifica-
tion of consuiaers*
In general, it is o". c-irved that there existed a r,trong tendency for the
r'-.ithorities either to exceed their prescribed f'unctious or ijlao to favor
certain industrial classes in their interpretations of the Codes. Tue in-
dustrialist, on his side, so^J,*rht to maintain his ov/n ;^onersl practices as
ethical and within the r.eanin^ of the i-ern "'fair trade," yet to consider
the practices of his coi^oetitors f.-s unjustif iabDe restriction of his liberties
8. '514
-18-
er VI
GEISRAL lAtPORivIA-TIOK
Methods of Trans'oortation Used
Accordint; to the experience of tne Econoiaic Adviser the ferrous and
non-ferrous kietals that enter into the man-ofacti-jre of Fa^bricated Metal
Prodiicts are shi-ooed from the plants nandortal..in,^.: the initial conversion
into the reauired forms, by railror^d, r.'ater, or ti-uck, to the plants of the
Fabricated metal Products Manufact'orers. There the pu.nching, pressing, mold~
ing, machining, and conditioning operations create tho forn in which the
product is again shipped - by means of railroad, or truck, in carload or
less-than-carload lots - to the manufactiirers assembling the products with
other commodities, or to the wholesale and retail distributors throughout
this country and abroad.
Trade Association Activity
According to the Code Autnority the tmde associations and cooperative
activities within this Industry vary. Scne associations are of long standing
while others came into being only with the Code Authorit^r and the National
Recovery Act.
Relat ionship betireen Labor nn.d Ma-iiagement
Again according to the Code Authority, the relationship bet'?een labor
and management within the Industry aT-ears cordial; as the ratio of one code
infraction per 2,519 employees for the period from May 9, 1934 to November
24, 1934, tends to indicate. 1/'
Trade Union Activity
There has been little unioni'^ation among labor and such as has existed
has been confined for the most part to compa.n^'- imions. The Code Authorit;'-
knows of no organization of different labor gi'oups in this Industry. The
American Federation of Labor has unionized very few shops. This lack of
trade union activitjr has been ascribed to the fair treatment accorded em-
ployees.
Effect of the Code on the Industry
The Code Authority affirms that the Code of Fair Competition has had an
importezit effect upon the Indastry. It has materially aided in increasing
employment and wages and in decreasing hours a,s a review of the preceding
sections of this report - particularly Chapter II — will demonstrate.
Use of Trade Marks
According to the Code Authority, practica.lly sill the products of this
Industry are trade marked.
1/ Compliance Division Rejort, December 10, 1934,
8314
-19-
'FoTeiyzn CoiTfpetit.ion
Again on the testimony of the Code Authority, some forei>^n inpo:^ts,
such as steel pins, wire cloth. End electric shells for electric light duIds,
have proven a material menace. In the majority of other fields, foreign
imports have had little, if an:/, effect on the Industry,
List of Experts
As regards technical exnerts in the Fabricated Metal Products ManuiG.c-
turing and Metal Finishing and Metal Coating Industry, Mr. W. A. Fisher of
the Code Authority has furnished the following nai'nes and information:
A. M. Ferry, 1427 I Street, Washington, D. C.
Has had 20 years experience in trade
associations and is an expert on wire cloth.
D. S. Himter, Keith Bldg. , Cleveland, Ohio.
Qualified as an authority on steel "barrels
and druns, galvanized wire and fabricated
metal prod acts in general.
William Goss, Scovill Manufactxiring Co.,
Wo.terhur^'-, Co nne ct i cvit .
A qualified industrialist.
Leonard Mortimer, Interstate Tariff Co:amission.
An expert on all metals.
Joseph E. Peterson, Ref. George Hyrick, Jr., Chief,
Former Economic Adviser on Fahricated Metal
Products Code.
W. A. Fisher, 729 15th Street, il. W. , Washington,
D. C.
Stati'.-tician, Code Authority for the Fabri-
cated Metal Products Ifcinufacturing and
Metal Finishing and Metal Coating Industry.
8314
-20-
soimcES
All statistical data iii this report, imlesr other-
wise ST^ecificrll.y identified, have teen conpiled for this
division by the Code Authority of the subject Industry. All
opinions, unles-o specifically identified, have heen hased
UT5on the data of the Code Authority, the "Applications for
Presentation of Codes of Pair Comoetition, " the Research
and Planning Pivision report entitled "::aterial Dearin^; on
the Pahricated Metal Products Manufacturing^; and Hotal Fin-
ishing and Metal Coating Industrjr," ?jid upon the ey^oerience
of the T7riter,
8314
-21-
IPPEKDIX
List of Exliibits (as submitted "b:" the Code Authority)
Exhibit A Size of Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturing and Metal
Finishing and Metal Coating Ind.ustry, 1922-1933*
Exhibit B Eumber of Concerns Listed nith the Code Authority of the
Fabricated Metal Produ-cts Manufacturing and Metal Finish^
ing and Metal Coating Industry, by States.
Ejiiibit C ......Data for Fabricated Metal Products Industry for Use of
Durable Goods Industries Coi.miittee.
Eidiibit D Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturing and Metal Finish-
ing and Metal Coating Industry.
Table I. .. .Distribution of Factory Workers
According to Wage G-roups
Table II. ,, Distribution of Office Employ-
ees According to Wage G-roups
Table III.. Workers Receiving Less Than the
Minimum Wage
Table IV,.. Volume of Eniploy-ient and Wages
During Week Ending December I5, 193^*
Table V. ...Volume of Enploji-ient and Wages
During Year of I93U.
Table VI. . .Distribution of Workers
Accordine^ to Hour Groups
Table VII..Vol-ume of Enplojrment and Wages
Exhibit E Average llumber of Wage Earners in the Fabricated Metal
Products Manufacturing and Metal Finishing and Coating
Industry, I926-I933. (Tuo tables.)
Exhibit F Comparison of Changes in Wa^-es and Employment in the
Fabricated Metal Products Industry as Disclosed by
Various Sets of Data,
Exhibit G Average Weekly Earnings Fabricated Metal Products Manu-
facturing and Metal Finishing and Metal Coating Industry,
May 6, 1933 to December I5, 193^+.
Exhibit H Number of Concerns and iJvjnber of Employees Reported,
Form 10 and Other Sources by Size Groups.
.Exhibit I Classification by States of IJiinber of Employees and
Annual Earnings for 193^ Fabricated Metal Products and
Metal Finishing and Metal Coating Industry.
Exiaibit J Subsidiaries, Branch Plants, Sales Offices and Warehouses
of Concerns in the Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturing
and Metal Finishing and. Metal Coating Industry.
-oOo-
S31H
KxHibit-A
Sia« %t yabrloat«4 Metal Produote Maaufaolmring and Metal Plaisblng aad Metal Ooetiag Zaduatr?, 192&->I933
(Includes onlr thoee products groups on attached list) §/
-
I». of
Oenotnt
ffBB^Wf fff g""'^ «»«»«-
InTanted OfteitAl
^„ ^7Q,^0MoB Oaonalt's
Amount
Dollars
Aat.Per
Gonoem
Dollars
Amt.
Per
Sspl.
Dole.
Asount
Dollars
Aat.Per
fJonoers
Dollars
Aait.
Ptr
Ks!
AB»imt
Dollars
ABt.Per
Oenowa
Dollars
258.625
Aat.
Par
Teare
ffttal}er
Hoe Per
Ooncera
£?l
19«
5.1*5
155.796
»»9.5
69«.2O0,?lU
222,003
\kst
626.6?6.Mv4
199,2«>5
»l.022
815,J7M59
5,221
1929
5,193
l6»».5«)
51.5
757,2*^2,263
230.895
h.hm.
686.799,203
215.095
M75
913,»H3,597
286.068
5.552
1930
5,11»
1^.»^5
H€.7
712,l«»»,077
228.851
H.896
559,178,6l»0
179.685
3,81^4
M7.H63.253
285,175
6.1@l
1951
5,05*^
126,612
4i.5
678,603 283
222, 201
5,'»60
39»^.50^,5ll
129,111
5,11*^
875.669.701
286,07»»
6,900
1938
2,9«'»
10«,9'*5
36.5
645,1*7,»^5
215.532
5.905
280,225.066
95,909
2.572
856,807,075
287 15*
7,865
1933
2.909 i/
112,633 s/
5a.7
625.332,097
21^965
5,552
265,061,658
91,118
2.555
782, 012, m
268,825
6,9*5
iJ Seureet Ooa^iled by the Oodt Auttoritr froia Inforaatioa snpplied It by the Tarious groves listed, on Tera 50U—
Applioation for Present «t ion of a Oode to HRA«
a On Maj 21. 1935. ^^« figure can be accurately stated to be 7,075 for the Industry ^n a wiiole.
, See Exhibit B.
il For Deo. 1934. this figure any be ooneerratively eetiaated to be 225.000 for the Industry ae a whole*
See Ixhibit X.
-23-
The attached data represent information from only a portion of the
Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturinf; and Metal Finishing and Metal
Coatir^- Industry. The data represent groups nanufacturing the follon-
in.2; 'oroducts:
Aluminum Wares
Cutler3'-
Cut Tacks, Wire
!cks
Fire Pots & Blo'j Torches
Lift Tracks & Portable Ele-
vators
Wire Cotton Tie Buckles
Brass For^^jij^s
Bright 'iTire Goods
Chain
Chucks
3Dra;oery <?= Carpet Hardware
Electric Industrial Trucks
Electro Plating & Metal
Polishing
Files
Fle-dble Hetal Hose &
Tubing
Forged Tools
Galvanized Ware
Tools & Implements
Hack Saws
Hand Bag Frames
Hand Chain Hoist
Industrial Wire Cloth
Wrenches
Insulated- Containers
Liquid Fuel Appliances
Lock C: Builders Hardware
Machine Screw Nut
Machinist Precision Tools
Metal Safety Tread
Milk fo Ice Cream Cans
Mine Tools
Display Equipment
Augur Bits
Cutting Dies
Job Ge.lvanizing
Metal Spinning & Stamping
Screw Machine Products
Steel Partition
Open Steel Flooring
Won-Forrous Hot Water Tanks
Perforated Metal
Pipe Tools
Porcelain Enamel
Power & Gang Lawn Mowers
Eailwa^^ Brake Beams
Eailwa;- Car Appliances
Refrigeration Valves & Fittings
Shoe Shanks
Snrp Fasteners
Socket Screws
Steel Barrels
Steel ?ackage
Therr.io static Bi Metal
Ash Can
Shoe Machinery
Carp Screws
Gold Leaf
Machine Screws
Wood Screws
Vises
Vitreous Enamel Ware
Washing Machine Parts
Wire Cloth
Wire Sope & Strand
Wheelbarrow
Advertising Metal Sign &
Display Equipment
Artistic Lighting Equipment
Corset Steel
Furnace Pipe & Elbows
Hog Pdngs
Tackle Blocks
Wire S: Iron Fence
S31U
-24-
llojn'ber of Concerns Listed vdth the Code Authority
of the Fabricated Metal Product:; Manufacturing and Metal
Finishing and i.Ietal Coatinti' Industry by Stater,
State h"o. of Concerns
Alabama 22
Arizona 5
Arkansas 12
California ^5°
Colorado 33
Connecticiit 355
Dclai-zare 5
District of Columbia 26
Florida 2S
Georgia 27
Idaho 1
Illinois 726
India.na 17^^
Iowa 5^
Kansas 20
Kentucky 27
Louisiana. 19
Maine 25
Maryland 5"
Massachusetts 553
Michit^an 32'
o
Minnesota 113
Mississippi 3
Missouri 199
Montana 1
I'lebraska ' 3-'-
ITerr H?3p shire 30
Ueu Jersey 3^9
i-Teu Mexico 1
Hew York 1,323
K. Carolina 15
N. Dakota - 3
Ohio b73
Oklaiioma 29
Oregon 33
Pennsylvania 692
Hii.ode Island SO
S. Carolina 4
S. Dal'ota 1
Tennessee ^
lexB-s 72
Utali 6
Vermont " " ' '■ H
Virginia 21
Washington 62
¥. Virginin, 21
Wisconsin 179
Total 7,075
Source: Compiled by tiie Code Authority
S3lH
^J
Ftnaaslttl Zafonuitiea
Kxklbi% 0
riMA A«Mt« at •&« of raa7 aasMe
iBoltidt land, BailAiac** MaoUa^sr
■ad Haipaaat lata vaaarraa aatf
di^fteiatiaa
TttaX A»Mta
OvrMt liaMiltiaa at «aA «1 yaar aasadt
Ia«l«ia— Aeeavats pajrabla, tanravad
araar.Taxaa aoeraad aad paTs^l*, aooviMA
paTMlla, aad Aividaada daa&affad and pay-
akla
Tttta Aaaata laaa lUMUtlM
Otpital at mA af yaa? aaaaAi
laoladt CtaMoa aat ^yafanrat ataeka at
H* of daolavod valM. Oapital lotaa
*n»l«a at tai af paat
lot Pvof it •» Uaa fov j
•tloo fot Taav
19 2f
JI2L
fo.s^e.aM 8i»g^,3o6
192,H53,^»W 151,Oi«»153
1^,001,007 i30,»»io,f7«
6l.9«5,Ol» 30.t53.9^
19,715.3^ 13,7S!.5«
«*7.3«7.in 97,990,9i3
f%T oaat
193> io of
T^m.
100.0
69. t
98.9
sm,l€3,iiOJ I73,77».35g T^-f
27,709.955 St,Ǥ0,805 ft-9
7<.5
i9.9S
-1«9.7
59.<
i921
Fat oaat
1933 lo of
166 100. 0
#91,^.199 70,«>
6t,l^,S95 €i,f
153,55©p8»f^ ^.«
M,$tl^,6iO
(Looa)
3.7»7.33l
ll3.X30,3t7
69 96
07.0
-119.1
•19.7
P09
1933 !• of
lOt.O
1S1.7
lOd.S
S5.3
96.7
93.3
mgjA (Looo)
115.*
Data for 7ftteiea««4 Matal ProAiota Inlets?
For Um af OoraUa OaaOa Xad^e^riaa OeoBiliea
^iag«0 aad Basra
njLJ-U.LLL.I". II .I'PIW I ^ H'tl, ,.»^ I
ATwraga Qe^ire par ««9k g^rsa^ ^ Salary
Itebar ef oa^aidias Hajian iag
^Aay waak la %be aaeigafi^ad saat''* *
&^
169
^.B7
i?.^7
^.9
33. s
56.9
»^5.'^
k6.€
33.3
Hkok
^3.0
^Tstega Samiags Oe^ssa Labe? ^.9 33.S 61. 9 IS.9 7f.$ 1^.9 9@.f
Per hour of ®*sp
&a0l@?ees paid oa
*£i«ttsly basis inolQAias
9iece «ork aaraiaga All ot&ar labor 56.9 45.1^ 79.0 ^«g 77.7 ^^l 81. |
AT«rae« bo%78 9«r vaak aottaally aorlead ^
Sbop BB|>leyea8 paid on bourly and for
piooa aorb baeis M.$ 33*3 ^•f 39>S 00.7 39«i 73*7
ll9
19,13%
if»7
5S.5
79.5
U«S
77.7
39.$
do.7
^2.8 ^.9
s3=sseEsesB
For oast ?er aaat
Pej. 1953 ^^ S^f 1933 -^,. .
is of Jtoy ie of 8oa«. la af
1933 ^a^y 19if 1933 ^aly 19>9 1933 l»y 199
it
fiovs@%i 0^^106 by %h» Oodo &»%&»rity.
-27-
P.enorts ur.ed in F. M. P. F. Compilation
For Use of Durable Goods Industries Committee
Individuals
Associations
F. 3. Willierqe Co.
C. B. Porter Co.
Berger Biros. Co.
Enil Steinhorst F- Sons
By Products 3teel Corp.
Standards Brass Llf^;, Co.
Marquette Metal Products Co,
National Standard Co.
The Seng Co.
Floj^-d Mfg. Co.
Bridgeport Brass Co.
Stefco Steel Co.
Lj'-ons Mfg. Co.
Dietz Co,
Homestead Vaive Mfg. Co,
Durant Mfg. Co.
Bor,'en Prod. Corp.
American Casting & Mfg. Co.
Ashton Valve Co.
lorrey Roller Bushing
Dill Mfg. Co.
Glascock Bros. Mfg. Co.
Tut tie & Bailey, Inc.
Consolidated Safety Pin Co.
Oster-Williams
Lufkin Rule Co,
Manning, Maxwell & Moore
Hauc]-: Mfg. Co,
Roofing & Corrugating Co.
Nat'l Metal Prod. Co.
New Delphos Mfg. Co.
Superior Sheet Metal W.cs.
Central Valve Mfg. Co.
Chicago Blow Pipe Co.
W. H, Handy & Sons Co.
Torrington Mfg. Co.
Veeder Root, Inc.
American Cutlery
Lock & Builders
Electrical Industrial Truck
Hand Chain Hoist
GcnSral Tool & Znpleaent
D. S. Hunter & Associates
Cycle Parts & Accessories
8314
-28-
Exhibit D
PalDricated Metal Products Haniifacturin^ and
Metal Finishing and Metal Coatinc- Industr"-
(2946 CO
(2946 co-nplete reportn for Decem'ber, 1934 and Anmial 1934)
TABLE I
Distribution of Factory Workers According to Wage G-roups
Hourly Wage Rate
Nuinber of WorJcers
Per Cent
of Total
Cunulative
Per Cent
Under 24. 0(^
24.0 to 27. 9f^
28.0 to 31.9^
32.0 to 34.9^
35.0 to 39.9^
40.0 to 44.9^
45.0 to 49.9^
50,0 to 54.9c,?
55.0 to 59. 9j^
60.0 to 69.9f5
70.0 to 79. 9j*
80.0 and over
75
440
1,747
2,008
20,131
43,200
21,581
18,490
13,012
18,138
9,867
7,772
.05
-
.28
.33
1.12
1.45
1.28
2.73
12.86
15.39
27.61
43.20
13.79
56.99
11.82
68.81
8.32
77.13
11.59
88.72
6.31
95.03
4.97
100.00
Total
156,461
100.00
TABLE II
Dist
:ribution
of
Office
Enployees
Ac CO
ird
ing
to
Wa^e Groups
Actual
¥aj
Wee!
2;e
ciy
Wur.iber
of
EriTJloyees
Per Cent
of Total
Cumulative
Per Cent
Under $9,60
$9.60 to 11.19
$11.20 to 11.99
$12.00 to 13.99
$14.00 to 14.49
$14.50 to 14.99
$15.00 to 17.99
$18.00 to 19.99
$20.00 to 21.99
$22,00 to 24.99
$25.00 to 29.99
$30.00 to 34.00
$35.00 and over
121
76
99
248
1,238
232
3,639
1,562
1,569
1,552
2,160
1,505
2,070
.75
—
.47
1.22
.61
1.83
1.54
3.37
7.99
11.36
1.44
12,80
22.57
35.37
9.69
45.06
9.73
54.79
9,63
64,42
13.40
77,82
9.34
87.16
12.84
100.00
Total
16,121
100.00
8314
-29-
TJffilS III
Workers Receiving Less Than Minimim Wa^e
ITorthern TTg^'^e District Southern ^p-e Dir.trict
1111211)0 r of ITuin'ber of
WaA'G fe.t.e ITorlcorn Vs^^rfi flate Workers
Apprentices
Male Icrjrnern; male
himdicapped workers
Peratxls learners; female
. hanclicap'-ped woi-'hers
Watcl:uaen
iialc factor^/ workers;
tracliuen; uainteuance
nen
Female factory v/orkers
Office "boys and girls
All other office work-
ers
40<f: per
hr.
151
35{^
per
hr.
0
3LV per
hr.
125
28 (^
per
hr.
1
28{^ per
hr.
59
24^^
■Dor
hr.
0
32^ per
hr.
82
28^
per
hr.
0
4Uf; per
hr.
560
35r/
per
hr.
17
35',i per
hr.
402
30^
TDer
hr.
0
$12 per
vrk.
79
$12
per
wk.
0
$15 per
wk.
634
$15
per
wk.
2
TAEIS IV
Vol^■une of Eaplo-ment ruid Wa^es Dm-ing Week Ending Decemher 15, 1934
11x11:1110 r
Total
Hoiirs
Total Average Average Average
Actual Weekly Hourlj- Weekly'-
Class of Workers uorlisrs Worked - Payroll Hours Eai'nings Earnings
Factory, nale 131,333 5,032,834 $2,758,338 3G.3 54.8^ $21.01
Factory, feaale 25,128 929,775 352,412 37.0 59.0^ 14.42
Factoi-y, all 156,461 5,952,609 3,121,250 38.1 52. 3f;' 19.95
Office, all 16,121 533,652 385,788 39.3 51. 0,;^ 23.99
Total workers
172,582 6,595,251 3,508,038 38.2 53. 2(^
30.33
8314
TABLI ▼
VolUM of K«pioT««at aM fi««t Dorlaf Tmt of 1934
Olatt
of
Workers
Of fie*
tota
liaib«r of
fforkoro
Total
Man lu>wr«
Worked
Total Actual
PaFToll
ATOXago
Wookly
■our*
<5? Wka.)
ATovac* AToyaca Avoroco ATovaft Wiai¥ay af ArtraM
Monxlf Wookly Bowra ko kouv oooke pn ToaHy
Bagaiage larainfa Pay Toar yoa* fo> on)loyoo laraiaga
15^,339
15,960
172. «9
W6,197,7J»5
30.^97.592
3l6.«95,337
11*7, 6H6. 639 35.2
$ 19,lH*».063 37.0
1167,060,708 35.*
51.6/
63.24
52.7/
tlfl.l6
|23>99
Hi. 65
l.<3l
1.923
1,<39
H5.«
M.1
I16.O
I 9kh
«l,tl6
• 970
TASbS Tl
DlstrttmtloQ of Workofi Aocordiag to Koxur Oroupa
a
Actual Hour* Vorkod
80.0 boar a and undo*
80.1 to 89.0 iMVuro
>.0 •
8$.l to
30.1 to
35.1 to
J 7. 6 to
0.1
37.5
^.0
, to H8.5
U8.6 to 45.0
45.1 to ki,0
kt,l to 36.0
56.1 and OTOS
Total
fftCtggy laplfiTMt.
SwBbor of Per oont Caamlatlvo
iorkovo of Total Pax oaat
a, 359
17,339
11,080
10,131
10,959
5.3*
11. OS
48.59
7.04
6.4i
7.00
8.10
100.00
io!67
l4.3i
25.3?
30.84
93.35
97. «
100.00
Workova
of Par ooaft Oonslatlva
of Total
805
la
660
880
843
l6,lfl
For oont
100.00
-31-
TASLE VII
Volume of Eiirolojinent and Wages
Date
Number of
B.iployeee
Total
iian-Hours
Uorked
Total
Payroll
May 1933
Peb. I93U
June I93U
Dec. 193^
Annual I93U
100.0
153.5
119.5
127.2
127.0
100,0
152.1
113.3
12.14.9
12^-^.0 a/
100.0
177.9
13s. 1
153. s
151. U a/
a/ On uasis of 36 iioui" iTeel:.
Source: Compiled "by the Code Authority.
Exhibit E
TABLE I
Average Kuraber of Wa-^'e Earners in the
Fabricated Metal Products lianufacturing and
Metal Finishing and Coating Ind^tstry, 1926-1935
Iramber of Wage Per Cent Per Cent Increase
Date Earners of 1<^26 Over Ar;ril 1, 1933
(1) (2) (3) (^)
1926 370,927 100.0 S5.3
1929 ^13,653 109,0 102.0
April 1, 1933 ... 20U,515 53. S
Jul;; 15, 1933 ... 250, 2SU 6G.1
Se-^t. lo, 1033 a/ 313,752 32. G 53*^
22. i:.
Source: Compiled by the Code Authority from U. S. Census of
Manufactures, and Bares,u of Labor Statistics data.
a/ Result of projection of per cent in colunn h. Table II.
TABLE II
Average Iranaber of Wage Earners on the Payroll of the Fabricated Iletal
Products Manufa-cturing and Metal Finishing and Coating Industry,
1926-1933 a/ (Hepresentative concerns)
Kumber of j?ujnber of Per Cent Per Cent In-
Firms '>7r,ge of creace Over
Date Reoorting Eo.rners 192b Aoril 1, 1933
(1) "(2) (3) '(ii) (5^
1926 60 20,650 100.0 su.s
1929 60 21,137 102,4 S9.2
A-oril 1, 1933 ... 60 11,172 5^.1
jLily 15, 1933 . . . 60 13,99^ 67. a 25.3
Sept. lb, 1933 .. 60 17,Q"9 21a1 53. 0
Source: Compiled b?/ the Code Av.thority.
a/ For tyoical ^eeks, exce^^Dt rrherc other.7ise specified,
831^
-3.?-
-p
■p
0)
cs
-p
O
o
'n
•P
<\>
w
pi
o
o
Pi ''^
^
(X)
ri O
d H
o
ca w
U
m -p
0) CO
a ^
X l-H
o
Vi -P
o o
^^
o o
•H Ph
H
c3 H
\S. -P
O 0)
o :r:
O
+^
«i
O
•H
a (A
•H
fn '•d
■P U
u. d
p< o
n a)
o
o o
•H Ch
■P f!
Oi o
o <a
•i-i
S ,^
o o
o
r-^^
r-'V — *
ov-i-
Hl-^
0-^
«H
rH
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>.>=
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0) ,Q
Wtu
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d
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to
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rH ^J3
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d r-^
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d [^
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tn <u
C) -p
!irt P
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— '-P
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w
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■s
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VV\,5i-
>fi-
to
(Ajr~-vD
C\! O^i-l
r^o^
^■
• • •
• • •
• •
•
Lr>HUD
LTMAJ
0'>
K^rf
K>r— H
U^OJ
H
+ + f
+ +
LOr-IO
• • •
I-^CVJH
-i + I
w
u
O
• • •
t■'^^— H
t t
■p
O
• •
oor^
• • •
t^r-ftO
LntoH
r^l
tftScfi
CD
+=■
s .di
O
^r^c^^Lf^ o H
y>
c
HCOUJ
^ CaH
+ +
■dl
r -
v) tn
u u
•^ :i
t:J
en
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'x! U '
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CD
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fnMH
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c;
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ca n
!>.,) tip
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f-i d lu o
cr; Jh
PM i>5 :-s 03
r^^ MM
r-l 0 ;.iSH
Al o o o
cj '-d
^ 0) 0) rt
1-! d c-j
d fn fH •1-"'
+=0 0) d
r-i •-» '-.
C.l F* »-•
ca o:>
•rl -H
o3 d o
M Fn -rl
iH r-j (X|
'S 'O) tn
ID 0) O
0) a? !:l
Cj d
in fn -t^
0) CD C'u
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to
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fn "d
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|-.
■H
+3
d
Pi
CQ o
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■p
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p-
!'J3
•H
u
d
(D
O
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■;^
d
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^( CO O
Jh id H
:•; ;d « O
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cf; • en +3
cj '..o rl o
"nn"ia|~ol^|
S3lU
—33—
Exhibit G
Avera,^e Weekly Earnings
Pfxtricvated Metal Prod-actr. i.iant'-.facturin,^' and
Metal Pinichint;' and Metal Costing Industry
(May S, 1933 to Doc. I3, 193^0
Northern Vfego Southern Wage A-11 Heoorting
Period District Dir;trict Firms
Mr.y 6, 1333 $16. S2 $i^:-,So §15. SI
FeiD. 10, 1S3U 19.50 i}:,79 13 M
June 15, 1S3U 19. 5'^ I-.57 19.^!-^
Dec. 15, 193^ not segregated 20.33
193^'- Annual aj' not segregated IS. 65
Source: Conpiled l)y the Code Ar.thoi.-itj- from the Industry;
Deceniber and Annual :fi'igures preliminary.
a/ Por R2 weeks.
S3li|
Kxhibit a
lftwib«r
of Ooncerns »nd Kumber of
Siaplojreee,
, fonfi 10 Rnd
other Sources, by
31«e OroupfH/
forra 10
Per c«nt
■^roul-vtlve
I^oprprua-
;^,eppitlT«g Ot[^;
Per cont
Other '^pTAjrpfifi
Cunml!»tlve
Per cent
OWBttlatlT*
Slse Group
.vuiiber
or
Total
Per cent
Number
of Total
Per cent
Muaber
of Total
Per o«at
0
102
2.S
?.g
185
11.2
11.?
287
5 4
.4
I 5
^ip
?« 0
30. g
%.5
IS?
4?.5
53.7
1»732
32.5
IV
6-10
^ 7
364
16.0
69 :
807
18.4
ll-?5
m
?0.b
66.1
?n
13.4
83.1
982
71.4
?6-50
12.5
7«.6
127
7.7
90.8
590
11 1
82.5
87 4
51-75
^J
U
gii.5
47
?.9
93.7
95.4
?64
49
76-100
l4«
?5i?.5
?8
1.7
176
3.3
90.7
101-150
iki
k,0
92.5
911 u
?8
\l
971
176
5-2
1.5
94 0
151 200
70
1'?
\l
97 9
98.8
«3
Hi
?01-?00
101-^0
?7
2.^
96. «
:l
101
1.9
k2
1.1
97.9
I
QQ.?
49
.9
98 3
401 500
26
.7
98.6
.2
9*^.4
J?
.6
98.9
50l-iOOO
kl
1.1
99.7
6
.4
99.8
.9
9<».8
1000*
10
.3
100.0
3
?
100 0
13
2
100.0
Total
3.690
100.0
_. . _,„
1,647
Number
100.0
5,3^7
00.0
of Ioiploy0©9
Reported On:
P'orm 10
pther Sourpsa
Per cent '
Pej
r cent
Oumulotive
Per cont
Gunnilntlvo
Sunulatlre
3lB« GroMp
Numbar
of
Total
Per cent
Humber
of Total
Per oont
Nunber
0
of Total
Per oeat
0
0
0
0
0 •
0
0
0
0
1-5
2,77«
1.5
1.5
1,635
*^.5
5:?
4.613
?.o
2.0
6-10
»*,ia3
2.3
3.8
11987
49
6,170
l6,?69
20,954
2-7
4.7
11-25
?6-50
if. 678
6.9
9.0
10.7
19.7
3.691
k, 85
9 1
10 8
18.5
29.3
:i
11.9
51-75
13,7*^5
6.9
27.1
3^.0
'^3.9
50.3
61.7
69 4
2,913
7.2
16.5
46 3
16,6^8
16,848
28.6
76-100
12,7*^2
U,oo6
9.8
.5
45!8
52.1
101-150
l5i-?oo
ia,2«5
11,792
U
3 ^?
8.5
5.7
8.6
54.8
60.5
21,734
l4,ii6
u
201-^00
30i-I»oo
21,0?9
lU,?J40
11.4
3 505
2,^5
69 a
75«0
24,534
16,655
"7:?
§3.?
70.4
401-R00
11,»*85
75.6
1,680
79.1
13,165
32.254
^
9.4
76.1
90. S
501«1000
2f.l75
15.3
90 9
U,079
10.0
89.1
1000*
16,756
9.1
1 j.O
k',h^6
10.9
100.0
PI, 192
100.0
Total
IS', ^57
100.0
40,705
100.0
?25,l6?
100. 0
I
3o«roet Conq)lled by the Oor* e Authority.
^ In eddltlon there wore no reports received from approsiaately 2,110 plants tAich brings the total number of plants In the Indttetry
to 7,447 (7,170 eonceraa).
-35-
Ejiiiliit I
Classification "by States of lT-un"bei- of Employees and
Annual Earnin^cs for 193^ Faloricated Metal Products
Manufacturing and Metal rinichin{i; a.nd Metal Coating Industry
(As reported on Code Authority's form 10 and compiled by it)
Annual Earnings
State Reports Em-oloyees I93U
Alabama
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delavrare
Dist. of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
1 01.7a
Kansas
Kentuclty
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missoiiri
Nebraska
Hew Haijp shire
Hei;r Jersey
Hew York
l)Iorth Carolina
ITorth Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Riiode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Number of
IJunber of
Reports
EriToloyees
U
120
2
163
96
2.392
11
123
215
33.273
2
32
k
J+3
2
7
7
3^7
351
12,1+31
7S
^.031
15
259
1+
U67
Ik
6og
3
9^
6
ISS
21
1,22s
210
11,533
136
3,05s
33
1,137
2
IS
7S
3,720
H
25s
1^
731
i^si
7,562
326
15,260
1
11
1
2
377
25,670
3
Ug
13
111
313
15,72U
3^+
3,03^
1
7
15
1,17s
22
53U
5
Sh
5
122
20
262
12
3,662
90
7,262
Total 2,76? lS2,o02
$ 77:
,161
10 s
,2511
2,3^7
090
90
,601+
30,750
,2l+6
3^
J6l
65
,S69
4
,407
I3U
,^13
15,653
,556
3,505
Iks
220
,766
1+9 5
»153
559
,S97
5^
r6S9
173
,260
i,0S7
,222
11,91s,
»357
9,393
,S2S
l,0S7,
,oUi
g
,SU7
3,UU6
,62l^
35
6U3
so 5,
,sso
8,0SU
,059
12,7^6,
,105
1^1
,171
1.
U3S
25,371
oi+i
kk,
S7S
23 =
762
15,6S1.
03s
2,S56,
555
Dj
,50S
S66,
2SS
396,
190
SI,
S2S
102,
2S7
27s,
556
3,316,
56s
S,6in,
379
60.571,
9I+7
Source: Compiled by the Code Authority.
S3ll|.
ExliilDit J
Si^lisiclira-ios, Brancli Plnnts, Sales Officon and. Warehouses of Concerns in
tlie ZTabricatecl Metal F;:"Oi.;act.'. LloJiixfactriring and lietal Finishin;:^ SJid Hetal
Coating Industry (As indiC8,ted "by the records of tlie Code Authorit/,
ojid compiled l)y it)
Aluminiiii Good;; Hfr;. Co,
MaiiitoTroc, Wis,
Plants:
Two Fdvers, Wis,
i'fenitovroc, Wis.
Alioiainun Specialty Co,
Manitov/oc, Wis,
Branch:
Chilton, Wis.
Americaii Si'ass Co.
Wo.ter'bxu'^-, Conn,
Hills & Factories
iinsonia, Conn.
Btiffalo, II. Y.
3-uffalo, IT. Y.
Detroit, Ilich,
Kenosha, Wis.
Yorrin^'ton, Conn,
Waterhiir;'', Conn,
WaterhTU-y, Comi.
(WaterDury Brass
Goods Corp.)
(Ajnerican Iletal
Eose Co,)
Offices & A^yencies
Hevf York, H. Y,
Washington, J). C,
Heurrk, H. J.
Providence, ?.. I.
Atlanta, Ga.
Cleveland, Ohio
Chicago, 111.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Da^yton, Ohio
Fhila., Pa,
Boston, Mass.
St. Louis, IIo,
Houston, Te::as
Pittshurgh, Pa.
San Francisco, Calif.
Americcm Cpx & FouLidry Co,
Ue\7 York City
Pl^mts:
Detroit, Mich.
prsssod Steel Dept., llllton, Pa.
8314
-37-
Arnerican Ch?.in Co., Inc.
Bridgeport, Conn.
Associate Companies:
Andrew C, Camptell Div.
Manlejr Mfg. Div.
Pai^e Steel & Hire Div.,
Ilonesson, Pa.
Wright JIfg. Div., York,' ia,
Anerican Ca"ble Co., Ind,
Offices:
Los Angeles, Calif,
Atlanta, Ga.
San Prancisco, Calif,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Houston, Texas
Chicago, 111,
ITew York City
Philadelphia, Pa.
Pord Chain Block Co.
Hazard TiTire Rope Co.
Highland Iron & Steel Co.
0-.7en Silent Spring Co., Inc,
Reading-Pratt & Cs.dy Co., Ind,
Hartford, Conn.
RtLhher Shock Insulator Coro,
American Por]- & Hoe Co.
Branches:
Hartford, Conn.
Bridgeport, Conn.
Braddock, Pa,
York, Pa.
Branches:
Ashtahula, Ohio
Wallingford, Vt.
Connerut, Ohio
?t, Madison, Iowa
G-eneva, Ohio
Meinphis, Tenn.
Charleston, W. Va.
Dunkirk, N. Y.
Cxiicajo, 111.
NeT7 York, Yl. Y.
Cleveland, Ohio
Forth Girnrd, Pa.
American Hardware Corp,
New Britain, Conn.
Subsidiaries :
Corhin Cabinet Lock Co.,
ITew Britain, Conn.
P, <?: r. Corbin, Ue^v Srltaln,
Conn.
8314
-38-
Sutidiaries: (Cont 'd)
KuBsell A Erv'in Mfg. Co.,
Hew Britain, Conn.
Cor"bin Screw Corp.,
ITew Britain, Conn.
Branches:
Chica{^o, 111.
ITev! York, IT. Y.
Dayton, Ohio
Philadelphia, Pcnna,
American Machine &
Fomidry Co.
Brookljni, il. Y.
American Steel & '!7ire Co.
Clevelo,nd, Ohio
Wahlstrom Tool Division
(Suhsidiary of U. S. Steel Corp.)
Warehouses:
Atlanta., G-a,
Baltimore, Md.
Buffalo, K. Y.
Cleveland, Ohio
Denver, Colo.
Detroit, Mich.
Par 20, H. D.
Zansa.s City, Mo.
Chicago, 111,
Louisville, Xy»
KeT7 York, N. Y.
Pitts'bur.'^h, Penna.
St. Lotiis, Ivlo.
Plants and Factories:
77orcester, Itass.
De KalD, 111.
Wau!<:e^^an, 111.
Chicarj;o, 111.
Kansas City, 1-io.
Indiana
Trenton, l\, J.
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Minnesota
Atlanta, Ga.
Joliet, 111.
Scott St, T/orks
Hockdale Works
1-Iew Haven, Conn. Works
Cleveland, Ohio
Cuyahoga Works
Consolidated Wor]-s
American Stove Co.
2001 S. Kings highiiay
St. Louis, Mo.
. Factory Plants:
Harve3'-, 111,
St, Louis, Mo.
Cleveland, Ohio (Oil &
Gasoline Div. )
Loraine, Ohio
Branch' Offices :
San Francisco, Calif,
Atlanta, Ga.
Chicago, 111,
Boston, Mass.
Y.ev York City
Cleveland, Ohio
Philadeljjhia, Penna.
8314
-39-
Ames Baldwin ViTyomirii^ Co.
Parkersburg, W. Va.
Pactorien :
Main Plant, Parker sTmrg, ¥. Va.
I'orth Easton, Mass,
E. C. Atkins Co.
Main Jrlant:
Indianapolis, Ind,
331^^
Branch Offices:
Chicaf^o, 111.
Nev7 York City
Atlanta, Ga.
Memphis , Tenn.
¥.en Orleans, La.
Portland, Oregon
Seattle, Wash.
Kltimath Palls, Oregon
Atlas Fence Co.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Subsidiary of Manganese Steel
Porge Co. ,
Philadelphia, Pa,
Auduton Wire Cloth Corp,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Subsicliary of Manganese Steel
Porge Co. ,
Philadelphia, Pa,
Barrett-Cravens Co.
Chicago, 111.
Siibsidiary: Senple & Reddick Co.
Hillside, N. J.
C. J. Bates ^^ Son
ilci.7 Haven, Conn.
Branch Pr^.ctory:
Chester, Conn.
E. Sehringer iletal ¥ks.
iNTenark, IJ. J.
Subsidiary of Wisner iifg. Co,
benjamin Electric Mfg. Co.
DesPlalnes, 111.
Brs-nch:
Porcelain En^uneling cj Sta.'rping
Div.
DesPlaines, 111.
3ohn. Al-ominum <£: Brass Corp.
Detroit, Mich.
PlantT.:
Brass Forgin/;,
Detroit, Mich.
Car.itol Brass Div., Detroit,
Mich.
Breuer-Titchener Corp,
Courtland, H. Y.
Branches:
Crandal Stone Div.
Binghainton, II. Y,
-40-
Branches: (Cont'd)
Cortloaid ToT^inr, Div.
Coi-tlaiid, II. y.
Cortlaiia Carriage Goods Div.
Gortlnnd, IT. Y.
Broderick & Bascom P.ope
Co. (Ile.ir- Plant)
St. Louis, ilo.
Philip Carey I-Ifg. Co.
Locl:land, Cincinnati,
Ohio
Branch Plnjit:
lliddletoim, Ohio
Warehouses:
lle\7 York, II. Y.
Houston, Te:cas
Portl'-uid, Oregon
Brejich Plants:
Seattle, YJash.
Peoria, 111.
S. Eartonvill, 111
Branch Offices;
Atlanta, G-a,.
Baltimore, Md.
Boston, Mass.
Charlotte,
C.
Chicago, 111.
Cincinnati, Ohio
C o lura Dxis , Ohi o
Dallas, Te::as
Da;''ton, Ohio
Indianaroolis, Ind.
Jacksonville, Pla.
Kansas City, Mo.
Louisville, K-j.
Minneapolis, Minn.
Iletr Orleans, Lr,.
ilon York, il. Y.
Oraslia, "Eeb,
Phi la., Pa.
PittSDiu-gh, Pa.
Salt Lai-e City, Utaii
Wlieeling, ¥. Va.
Loclclsjid, Ohio
Plymouth iieeting. Pa.
East St. Lo^iis, 111.
Salt Lalce City, UtaZa
Champion Lighting Co,
Phila., Pa.
Sales Agent:
Salmonson & Co,
New York City
8314
-41-
Chase Coinp;?iLies, Inc.
Waterbury, Conn,
Warehouses:
New York, F. Y.
Boston, Ma.ss.
St. Louis, Mo.
ITewark, IT. J.
Phila. , Pa.
Baltimore, Md.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Detroit, I.Iich.
Chicago, 111.
Milwaukee, Wis.
Minneapolis, Minn.
New Orleans, La.
Los An.r^eles, Calif.
San Francisco, Calif.
Seattle, Wash,
Mills & Factories:
Chase Brass i: Copper Co., Inc.
Lighting Fixture Eept.
Waterbury, Conn.
Chase Rolling Mills, Waterhur;",
Conn.
Waterhury Mfg. Co. , Waterhury,
Com.
Chase Metal Wlcs. , Water1ji.iry,
Conn.
Consolidated Safety Pin Co.,
Bloomfield, N. J.
Cherrsr-Burrell Corp
Branch Plants:
Cedrr PLa;oio.s, Iowa
Little Falls, N. Y.
Mi iTrauke e , Wi s*
Bait i' lore, Md.
Offices:
Fittsta-i.rgh, Pa.
New York, N. Y.
St. Paul, Minn.
Boston, Mass.
Philadelphia, Pa-
Cleveland, Ohio
Cincinnati, Ohio
Detroit, Mich.
Chester Dairy Supply Co.
Chester, Pa.
Branch:
A. H. Reid Creamery
Supply Co.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Daii-y
8314
-42-
Chicago RailT/ay Equipment Co.
Chicaf:o, 111.
Chicago Screw Co.
Chicago, 111.
Branch Plant:
Franlclin, Pa.
Subsidiaries:
Western Automatic Machine
Co. , Elyria, Ohio
Hartford Machine Screw Co.,
Hartford, Conn.
Detroit Screw Wl^s. , Detroit,
Mica.
Chroniiun Corp. of Aaerica
New York City
Branch Plants:
Kilv/aiikee , Wi sc .
Water"bury, Conn.
Clevelaxid, Ohio
Chicago, 111.
Cincinna,ti Sheet Metal &
Roofing Co,
Cincinnat i , Ohi o
C-K-R Co.
Chicago, 111
(Sulisidiary of Wierton Steel Co.)
Branch Plants:
Rittenhouse Plant, Akron, Ohio
Cronk-Kohler Plant, Franlcfort,
¥.. Y.
Cleveland Chain e. Mfg. Co.
Cleveland, Ohio
Clevelajid Ts.ck TiJks.
Cleveland, Ohio
Clevelan.d TTire Spring Co.
Cleveland, Ohio
Coleman Bronze Div.
Chicago, 111.
Colemaii La^np £: Stove Co.
Wichita, Ktmsas
Consolide.ted Expanded Metal Co,
Wtiesling, ¥. Va.
Plants:
Station D. , Cleveland, Ohio
Eenry St. , Cleveland, Ohio
(Subsidiary of Bishop <?;
Bahcock Mfg. Co., Cleveldn.d,
Ohio)
Plant:
Cayaiioga Hts., Ohio
(Subsidiary of Kawneer Co.)
Branch:
Sunshine Products Co.
Chicago, 111.
Branches:
Sonerville, Mass.
Baffalo, M. Y.
Chicago, 111.
Cleveland, Ohio
Detroit, Mich.
Phila. , pa.
8314
-43-
BranChes: (Cont'd)
New York, 11. Y.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Beach Bottom, W. Va.
Corona Corp.
Jersey City, lU J.
Creanerjr Poxkage L.fg. Co
Chicago, 111.
Cyclone Fence Co.
Davidson Enamel products, Inc.
Diamond E2cpansion Bolt Co.
Garwood, iJ. J.
S. R. Droescher, Inc.
NevT York City
Duplex Incinerator Div.
Clevelajid, Ohio
Eagle Lock Co.
New York City
Sales Agency for Ligiitolier Co.
Plant r.:
Derby, Conn.
Arlington Heights, 111.
Lake Mills, Wis.
jTt. Atkinson, Wis.
Branches:
Cleveland, Ohio
Detroit, Iviich. (Warehouse)
ivlineola, 11. Y.
De Kelb, 111.
Atlanta, Ga.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Te cujnsaii , Mi ch .
Greensburg, Ind.
K. Chicago, 111.
Newark, N. J.
Fort Worth, Texas
Branch Plants:
Lima, Ohio
Connersville, Ind.
Branches:
New York, K. Y.
Phila., Pa.
St. Louis, Mo.
San Francisco, Calif.
Chicago, 111.
Detroit, Mich.
Los Aiigeles, Calif.
Plant:
Crawford, N. J.
( Subsidiary of Consolidated
Iron-Steel Mfg. Co.)
Pl.'int: Eagle Lock Company,
Terryville, Conn.
8314
-44-
Empire Plov Company
Cleveland, Ohio
Enamelers Guild, Inc.
Pitts'bvi.rgh, Penna.
Evans Prodxicts Co.
Detroit, Uich,
PairbsJilrs Conxoany
Nev7 York City-
Ac sociated Company of Gtencral
Wheelbarrovr Company of
Cleveland, Ohio
Subsidiary of 0. Eommel & Co,
Sales Organization for Luiiber
Products Coi-p,
District Offices:
Ner York, II. Y.
Boston, Iv'ass.
Pittsburgh, Penna.
Branch Plants:
St. Jo Im sb ary , V t »
East Holine, 111,
Pe.ctories:
Binghamton, IT. Y,
Rome , C-a.
Federal Sere;? Works
Detroit, Hich,
Branch:
Superior Screw & Bolt i.Ionu-
facturing Co,
Cleveland, Ohio
Florence Stove Co,
G-?a-"dner, Mass,
Branch Factory:
Kankakee, 111,
Sales Offices:
New York, IT. Y.
Chicago, 111.
Atlanta, Gao
Detroit, Mich.
Dallas, Texas
Sa,n Francisco,
Calif.
General Bronze Corp,
Long Island City, N, Y,
General Metal i;ra.re Co, (Main
plant)
Minneapolis, Minn,
Plants:
Polachek Plant, Long Island
City, iJ, Y,
Roman Bronze Works
Corona, Long Island, ¥., Y,
Guarantee & Steel Co.,
Chicago, 111.
Branch Plant:
Portland, Oregon
8514
-45-
W. A, Gib OF. & Son, Inc.
Ciiester, Pa,
Gilbert & Bennett Mfg. Co.
(Main plant)
GeorgetOTm, Conn,
Wm. Hodges & Co.
Philadelphia, Penna,
Howe Scale Co,
Rutland, Vt.
Indestro Mfg, Corp.
Chic?,go, Illinois
Ivanhoe Division
Miller Co,
Meriden, Conn,
Jensen Creamery Machinery Co,
Oakland, Calif,
Edws.rd Kat singer Co,
Kirsch Company, Inc.
Sturgis, Michigan
Plant :
Oneida, Ne^? York
Branch Plant:
Wireton, Blue Island, Illinois
Plant :
Camden, New Jersey
Subsidiary:
Ohio Eovre Scale Co,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
Subsidiary of Duro Metal
Products Co,
Branch of Bloorafield, IT, J,
Branches:
Edward Katzinger Co,,
Baltimore, Md,
A, & J, Kitchen Tool Co.,
Chicago, 111.
Geneva Forge, Inc,
Geneva, N, Y,
Branches:
ITew York City
Boston, Mass.
Oakland, Calif.
St, Louis, Mo,
A, Leschen & Sons Rotdb Co.
Branch Offices:
Chicago, 111,
Denver, Colo,
New York, K, Y.
San Francisco, Calif,
Plant: St. Louis, Mo»
Lewis-Shepard Co.
Watertovm, Mass.
Lisk Manufact-oring Co., Ltd.
Canaiidaigua, N. Y.
Branch:
Crawfordsville, Ind,
Plant : (Branch)
Geneva Plant, Geneva, N, Y,
Newark, N. Y,
8C14
-46-
Lowell ¥rench Co.
Worcester, Mass.
McKay Co,
Pittsburf^h, Penna.
Milcor Steel Co.
MilY/a'olcee, T?i scons in
Mitcliell- Vance, Inc.
New York, U. Y.
P. H, i.'iurphj- Co,
Chica^^o, 111,
National Enaaieling &
Stamoing Co,
MiltTa-jl^ee, Wise.
National Lock Washer Co,
Nevrark, IT, J.
Nicetovm Mfg. Co,
Philadelphia, Penna,
Nicholson File Co,
Provi6.ence, S, I,
Koesting Pin Ticket Co., Inc,
Mt, Vernon, K, Y,
SuDsidiaries:
Safety Wrench & Appliance Co.
Worcester, Mass,
Warnock Mfg, Co,
Worcester, Masf^,
Branch Plants:
York, Penn, .
KcKees Rocks, Penna,
Branch:
Canton, Ohio
Selling Agency for Shapiro &
Aronson
Branch Plants:
Standard Railway Equipraent Co.
Railway Metal Products Co.
Union Metal Products Co.
(All located at Chicago, 111.)
Branches:
Laurel Hills, L. I., ¥, Y.
Baltiaore, Md.
New Orleans, La.
Granite City, 111., Starj-rping
Wl:s, Branch
New York City
Chicago, 111,
Branch Plant:
Milwaulcee, Wis,
Suosidiaries:
Philadelphia Lawn Mov/er Co,
Fp.v.1 & Bee.nnan Mfg, Co,
(same address in Phila»)
Factories :
Arcade File Works, Anderson,
lad,
G, & H. Barnett Div,
Philadelphia, Penm;,
Paterson, N. J«
Branch:
Chicago, 111,
8314
-47-
Pennsylvania Star^Din^: Corp.
York, Penna.
Perfection Stove Co.
Cleveland, Ohio
Division:
Pennsylvania Crate Co.
Red Lion, Penna.
Bra^iclies:
Cleveland, Oliio
Cleveland, Ohio
Chicaifi'O, 111.
Kansas City, Mo.
Omaha, Net.
Philadelphia, Penna.
Brooklyn, IT. Y.
St. Paul, Minn.
Boston, Mass.
E. St. Lo^iis, 111,
Albany, IL Y.
Atlanta, Ga.
Dallas, Tercas
Charlotte, IT. C.
Oakland, Calif.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Petrole^im Iron Works Co,
of Texas (Office)
Nen York City
Brpjich Oi
'fice of Beaiijnont,
The Pfaudler Co.
PittslDurgh Steel Co.
Pittshurgh, Penna.
Fayette R. Plur.b, Inc.
Philadelphia, Penna.
Brmiches :
Rochester, IT. Y.
Elyria, Ohio
Hew York, N. Y.
Chicago, 111.
San Francisco, Calif.
BraxLches:
San Francisco, Calif.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Atlanta, Ga.
Chicago, 111.
Evansville, Ind.
St. Louis, Mo.
Hew York, H. Y.
Mono seen, Penna.
Philadelphia, Penna.
MejTiphis, Tenn,
Dallas, Texas
Houston, Texas
Branch Plant :
St. Louis, Mo.
8314
.43-
Pro^-pressive Service Co.
St, Lnv-is, I;io.
PjTene Kf,i. Co.
Neuarl-:, IT. J.
Eheon Hfg. Co.
jilichnond, Calif.
Revere Co roer & Braes Co.
Re-pulDlic Stoel Coro.
Chiceffo, 111.
Eo^beson Rochester Cor-p,
Rochester, K. Y.
Jolm A. Roe-jlin^'s Sons Co.
Trenton, Li. J.
(Main Plant)
Russel, 3-ujrdso,ll & I7ard
3olt £: l"ut Go,
Rod: lall?, 111.
Sranch Plant :
Karri sburn, Pemia.
Branch ?} ant :
llev/ar'r, IT. J.
Branch Plant :
South.^ato, Calif.
3rnnches:
F.oae I.iamifs-cturing Co. Div. ,
Rone, '■. Y.
Dallp.s Division,
Chicas^o, 111,
3reaich Plant :
Upson ll-at Division,
Cleveland, Ohio
Plant :
Perry, H. Y.
Offices:
Eew York, II. Y.
Chicago, 111.
Los An.^Teles, Calif.
Rojral Rochester, Ind.
Branch 0 f f i c e s :
Chicaro, 111,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Ilew Yorl:', IT. Y.
Birniingl-iarn, Ala.
San Prancisco, Calif.
Los An;?;eles, Calif.
Seattle, Wash,
Portland, Ore/;on
Atlanta, Ga.
Denver, Colo,
Boston, Mass.
Cleveland, Ohio
Branch Plant:
Port Chester, a, Y.
8314
-49-
Scovill LIfg. Col
Water'bvT''', Conn.
Branch Offices:
Boston, Mass.
Providence, R. I.
New York, II. Y.
Pliila, Penna.
Atlanta, Ga,
Syracuse, IT. Y.
Detroit, Ilicli,
Chica:-;o, 111,
Cijicinnati, Ohio
San Fi'ancisco, Calif.
Los An;;eles, Calif.
Plants & Factories:
Aivierican Pin Div. ,
Wat crbuxy, Conn.
Morenc3'--Van Btiren Div. ,
Stiar;::is, Mich.
Oakvilie Co. Div.,
Waterh'ujry, Conn.
A, Schrader's Son, Inc.,
Brooklyn, H. Y.
Hanilton Beach Mfg. Co.,
Bacine, Wis.
Plunihers' Brass Goods Div.,
Waterville, Conn.
Shapiro & Aronson
Hew York City
Selling Agency:
Mitchell- Vance, Inc.
Sheet Lletal S^oecialty
Pitt shirr gh, Pemia.
Branch of same company at
Pollanshee, W. Va.
Snap-On Tools, Inc.
Kenosha, Wis.
Branches:
Alhany, il. Y.
Broolcljm, K. Y.
Bvvffalo, IT. Y.
Chicago, 111.
JTe?/ark, N. J,
Philadelphia, Penna.
San Pi-ancisco, Calif.
Cincinnati, Ohio
5:-racus'3, i-I. Y.
Toledo, Ohio
Allston, Mass,
Baltimore, Md,
RiclTiiiond, Va.
Atlanta, G-a.
1T3W Yorlr, II. Y.
Seattle, Wash.
8314
-50-
Stsjilev Woi-.rs
llev Britain, Conn.
Branches:
:Jew Britain, Conn.
Niles, Ohio
Newark, II. J. (Atha Plant)
Stanley Rule & Level Co.,
New Britain, Conn.
Steel c: Tuhes, Inc.
Clevelen.d, Ohio
Branches:
Detroit Works, Ferndale, iach.
Superior Works, Elyria, Ohio
Brooklyn Works, Brooklyn, II. Y.
Cleveland Works, Cleveland, Ohio
Ijlyria Works, Elyria, Ohio
General C- Sales Offices:
Cleveland, Ohio
Stewart Iron ^orks Co.
Covington, Ky.
Truscon Steel Co. (ivlain
Pl?jit )
Yo-oiigsto-'.Tn, Ohio
Branch Ox'fices:
Buffalo, N. Y.
Des Moines, Iowa
Coltunhus, Ohio
Chattanooga, Tenn.
Chicago, 111.
Branch Factories:
Pressed Steel Division,
Cleveleno., Ohio
Berger i.ifg. Co. Div. ,
Canton, Ohio
Union Fork i Hoe
ColiuiDus, Ohio
Branch Plants:
Continental Works
Frankfort, 11. Y.
United Shoe Machinery
Boston, Mass.
Branch Plants:
Die Plant - St. Louis, Ho.
Beverly Factory, Beverl;-, Mass,
Die Plant, Einghamton, N. Y.
United States Register Co.
Battle Creek, Mich.
(Main office &. plant)
Branches:
Minneapoli s , Minn.
Alhan.y, N. Y.
Kansas City, Mo.
Denver, Colo.
8314
-51-
Veeder Hoot, Inc.
Hartford, Conn.
Vitreous Steel products Co.
ITapp ane e , I ndi ana
Wacknian Welded Ware Co.
St. Louis, Mo.
Ware Bros.
Chicago, 111.
Washlfurn Co.
Worcester, Mass,
Branch:
Bristol, Conn.
Braiich of Cleveland, Ohio
Branches:
Sand Springs, Okla. , Section
Line (Warehouse)
Houston, Texas
N. Kansas City, Mo.
Hew Orleans, La.
Trade ¥.8jae of Chicago Roller
Skate Co.
Branches:
Andrews Division,
Rockford, 111.
Michigan Wire Goods Division,
Niles, Michia;an
Wheeling Steel Corp.
Wheeling, W. Va.
Branch Plants:
(1) La Belle Works, Wheeling, W. Va.
(2) Ackerman Factory, Wheeling, W. Va.
(3) Martins Ferry Factory,
Martins Ferry, Ohio
Wickmre Spencer Steel Co,
New York City
Williajnsport Wire Rope Co.
Williajnsport, Penna.
(Main plant)
Branch Plants:
Clinton Works - Clinton, Mass.
Wiclnvire Works - Buffalo, H. Y.
Morgan Works - Worcester, Mass.
Goddard Works - Worcester, Mass.
Palmer Works - Palmer, Mass,
Branch Plant:
Sparrows Point, Md.
Warehouses & Branch Offices:
Phila. , Penna.
PittsMrgh, Penna.
Cleveland, Ohio
New Orleans, La.
Chattanooga, Tenn.
Tulsa, Okla.
Houston, Texas
Chicago, 111.
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■JiTarehouses & Branch Offices: (Cont'd)
Cincinnati, Ohio
New York, K. Y.
Blackwell, Okla.
Odessa, Texas
Tampa, Fla.
HolDbs, Few Mexico
Wilson « Bennett Mfg. Co,
Chicago, 111.
Branches:
Jersey City, IT. J.
Hew Orleajis, La.
Woodings Verona Tool Works
Verona, Penna.
Plant: .
Oakmont, Penna.
Yale & Towne Mfg. Co.
Branch Plants:
Starflford, Conn. Division
Phila. , Penna. Division
Walker- Automatic Div. ,
Chicago, 111.
S£.eg6.r Lock Works,
Chicago, 111.
llorton Door Closer Co. ,
Chicago, 111.
Detroit Plant, Detroit, Mich.
Walker Vehicle Co.,
Chicago, 111.
Barrows Lock Works,
Worth Chicago, 111.
M. M. Young & Co.
Chicago, 111.
Artforge, M. M. Young Co.
(same concern)
8314-#
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