JV°.
*MA20I . 1B90.A2
Apr. 1892
S8kV\Auq. IB
94
L
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
Boston Public Library
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Extra Census Bulletin.
No. 67. WASHINGTON, D. C. March 15, 1894.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
Census Office,
Washington, D. C, February 20, 1804.
Sir:
I have the honor to transmit the accompanying bulletin, which presents preliminary totals for all classes of
mechanical and manufacturing industries in the United States, as prepared by the Division of Manufactures.
Very respectfully,
CARROLL D. WRIGHT,
Commissioner of Lnbor in charge.
The Secretary of the Interior.
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES: 1890.
With the exception of mining and quarrying, which forms the subject of a separate report, this bulletin
presents for the United States and for each state and territory the statistics concerning all classes of mechanical
and manufacturing industries as reported at the Eleventh Census. The data are also presented by specified
industries for the United States. The tabular statements include ouly establishments which reported a product of
$500 or more in value during the census year ending May 31, 1890. The tables show: 1st, capital, excluding the
value of hired property, under the subheads of land; buildings; machinery, tools, and implements, and live assets;
2d, miscellaneous expenses; 3d, average number of employes and total wages, the employes being subdivided into
classes of officers, firm members and clerks; operatives, skilled and unskilled, and pieceworkers, the males, females,
and children of each class being shown separately; 4th, cost of materials used; 5th, value of products. The figures
are preliminary and subject to modification for final report.
It was found impracticable to make a complete canvass of the entire United States for the collection of statistics
pertaining to the generation of electricity for lighting and power purposes; the data concerning this industry are,
therefore, confined to the state of New York, the city of St. Louis, Mo., and the District of Columbia. A large
number of reports were received from dentists, which purported to represent only the mechanical work, but it was
evident that in many cases operative dentistry had been included. This fact, combined with the strenuous objection
on the part of the profession to give any information whatever of the character required by the census schedule, on
the ground that the census law did not seek to secure the returns for professional services, caused the office to
discontinue its efforts to obtain further reports for the mechanical branch of the profession. The statistics published
are those which were secured prior to the objection referred to.
The fact that the agents of the Census Office experienced in some cases great difficulty in obtaining reports from
large manufacturers who refused or neglected to comply with the requirements of the law, has caused the totals
stated in some instances to be less than they would have been had these reports been included, but these omissions
are comparatively few in number, and affect the statistical value of the data but slightly.
The individual returns were classified according to the product of chief value, but some of the differences, which
will appear upon comparison of these data with corresponding classes reported at the census of 1880, are due to
changes in the classification. Great care has been exercised in assigning the individual reports to the different
C. O. P.— 10m
2 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
classes, and copious cross references are made in the case of those general classes in which some of the products are
common. "When different branches of the same industry follow immediately in alphabetical order, these cross
references have been omitted.
"When two or more plants owned by the same corporation, firm, or individual are located in the same county
or city, and engaged in the same industry, they are tabulated and counted as one establishment.
Owing to changes in the form of inquiry and the inclusion at the Eleventh Census of certain industries omitted
at the census of 1880, the data reported at the two census periods can not be considered as an exact indication of
the growth of manufacturing and mechanical industries during the decade.
The following comparative summary shows the totals for the "United States in all classes of manufactures as
reported for the two census periods :
COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES : 1890 AND 1880.
1890
Number of establishments reporting 355,401 253,852
Capital 56,524,475,305 82,790,272,606
Miscellaneous expenses S630.944.058 (a)
Average number of employes (aggregate) 4,711,832 2,732,595
Total wages $2,282,823,265 5947,953,795
Officers, firm members, and clerks —
Average number 461,049 (/>)
Total wages 5391,914,518 (6)
All other employes —
Average number 4,250,783 iM
Total wages 51,890,908,747 (b)
Cost of materials used 55,158,868,353 53,396,823,549
Value of products 89,370,107,624 55,369,579,191
a This item was not reported at the census of 1880.
b Not reported separately at the census of 1880.
The following industries were omitted at the census of 18S0, but are included in the totals presented for 1890,
viz: bottling; cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam railroad companies; china decorating;
clothing, women's, dressmaking; coffins and burial cases, trimming and finishing; cotton cleaning and rehandling ;
cotton ginning; cotton waste; drug grinding; druggists' preparations, not including prescriptions; gas, illuminating
and heating ; hay and straw baling; and millinery, custom work. Petroleum refining formed the subject of a
separate report at the census of 1880 and the statistics were not included in the report on manufactures.
The true increase during the decade is more nearly shown by the following comparative table, in which the
statistics for 1890 do not include the data for the industries enumerated above, with the exception of petroleum
refining, and in which the statistics for 1880 have been perfected by the inclusion of petroleum refining and the
elimination of certain data duplicated under the head of "Mixed textiles" :
COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF TOTALS, "WITH PERCENTAGE OF INCREASE, FOR THE UNITED STATES : 1890 AND 1880.
increase.
Number of establishments reporting 322,624
Capital „ 56,138,716,604
Miscellaneous expenses 5615,056,643
Average number of employes (aggregate) 4,476,094
Total wages 82,171 ,356,919
Officers, firm members, and clerks-
Average number 426,139
Total wages 5372,005,001
All other employes-
Average number 4,049,955
Total wages 81,799,351,918
Cost of materials used 55,018,277,603
Value of products 89,054,435,337
253,502
82,780,766,895
(*>
2,700,732
8939,462,252
tc)
(<0
(<•)
(c)
83,395,925,123
85,349,191,458
47.77
69.27
a The difference between the totals stated in the table and those published in the reports
of the Tenth Census is caused by the elimination or data duplicated under the head of
" Mixed textiles ", such data having been included in the totals for the different branches of
the textile industry, also by the inclusion of petroleum refining.
b This item was not reported at the census of 1880.
c Not reported separately at the census of 1880.
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES. 3
It will be observed that the item " Miscellaneous expenses " is given for 1890 only. No previous census inquiry
has embraced the cost incurred in manufacturing operations other than wages and materials used. With the
exception of a few special inquiries the question used at the census of 1880 concerning " Capital " was as follows:
" Capital (real and personal) invested in the business ". The inquiry at the Eleventh Census was more in detail and
intended to include all the property or assets strictly pertaining to a manufacturing business.
The questions respecting employes and wages used at the Tenth Census generally called only for the "greatest
number of bands employed at any one time during the year ", also " the average number of hands employed " without
designating the different classes. The question used at the Eleventh Census required the average number of
employes to be reported by classes of officers and firm members ; clerks ; operatives, skilled and unskilled ; and
pieceworkers.
The cost of materials used is the reported cost at the place of consumption. The value of products is the
reported value at the factory of the total product for the year, not including any allowance for commissions or
expenses of selling. The products of one industry frequently become the materials for another, the repetition being
continued through several processes of manufacture, thus constantly adding to the total value of products by the
duplication and inclusion of the cost of the original materials. This duplication is unavoidable and is statistically
correct, but the reported aggregate value of products can not be considered as a correct indication of the
contribution to the wealth of the country by manufacturing processes.
The total value of products reported for the United States is $9,370,107,621 ; but the contribution to the wealth
of the country is more nearly shown by deducting from this amount $5,158,868,353, the cost of the materials used,
leaving $4,211,239,271 as the increased value of the raw materials.
The difference between the apparent cost and the value of manufactured product can not be taken as indicating
the profit or earnings of capital, because many items of expense enter into the mercantile portion of the business,
which branch is not within the scope of the census inquiry. The data furnished in the reports relating to
depreciation of manufacturing plants are not sufficient to form a basis for correct computations, and therefore are
omitted from these tables.
Table 1 presents the total for all classes of mechanical and manufacturing industries in the United States and
in each state and territory as reported at the Eleventh Census. Table 2 presents these statistics for the United
States and for each class of industry for which three or more establishments were reported as being in operation
during the census year. Industries in which less than three establishments were reported are grouped in order to
avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments.
4 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table 1.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
("Live assets includes raw materials ; stock in process and finished products on hand, and cash, bills, and accounts receivable. Miscellaneous expenses includes
L J used in the business, and all sundries not elsewhere reported. Cost of
27 Mis
28 Montana.
29 Nebraska
30 Nevada.
31 New Hampshire.
32 , New Jersey
33 New Mexico
34 New York
35 North Carol
36 North Dakota
42 South Carolina
43 South Dakota.
44 Tennessee.
45 ' Texas.
46 Utah.
47 Vermont
48 Virginia..
49 Washington....
50 West Virginia
51 w;
52 Wy
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
STATES AND TERRITORIES: 1890.
ent for tenancy ; taxes (including internal revenue) ; insur
uaterials used includes fuel ; rent of power and heat, and i
rdinary, of buildings
uterest paid on cash
AVERAGE NUMBER OP EMPLOYES AND TOTAL WAGES — continued.
Officers, firm
members, and
clerks — Cont'd.
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Cost of
materials
used.
Females above
15 years.
Males above
16 years.
Females above
15 years.
Num-
ber.
43,035 519,852,079 2881,439 81136,317,558 505,516 $139,283,393 101,471 814,699,217
27,399 12,725
590,912 50,569
89,403
357,799
56,974
157,288
29,655
119,034
1,010
1,563,914
430,195
215,994
124,624
479,554
124,292
192,719
229,636
2,4S2,743
414,703
561,436
11,796
721,512
14,098
117,897
4,247
193,110
415,256 106,282
5,122,282
27,710
6,568
58,566
1,418,689
337,270
61,042
3,665
101,317
152,731
19,905
63,561
1 16,820
27,136
61,614
436,446
10,988
12.S99
83,895
14,586
15,800
8,512
40,903
146
41,418
23,022
39,082
15,998
40,714
52,404
250,871
118,303
59,610
11,679
90,786
2,105
17,434
21,252
1,331
4,714 2,009,527 209,151
14,694
403,607
46,655
15,901
1,769
30,519
29,978
3,363
17,795
34,983
17,181
14,963
8,835,749 1,114
45,553,505 23,095
7,071,775 ! 2,009
9,732,366 2,599
3,569,122 ; 715
1,831
1,543
5,385
2,836
11,923
14,564
88,382
8,369
4,176
12,335,399
246,292
116,890,314
34,068,840
67,114
17,830,055
11,771,341
16,189,472
6,941.230
15,483,715
23,547,944
135,516,487
46.062,636
26,517,634
3,717,054
48,277,497
1,432,779
9,420,237
328,854
13,632,029 16,326
58,833,756 ! 23,022 I
448,306 I 9
263,838,516 107,857
4,904,628 5,174
688,515 jj 83
102,397,767 jj 24,943
50,260 II 3
8,856,556 ! 649
206,316,258 53,778
23,248,561 : 20,940
4,299,473 3,476
759,556 123
11,827,698 2,631
13.694,480 1,592
1,871,258 417
7,139,505 2,145 I
12,199,488 5,947
10,307,160 455
5,611,054 912
36,341.738 6,670
726,217 , 57
385,534 1,344
4,435
87,800
2,130,192
470,557
6,753,854
392,496
1,092,106
217,358
1,066,618
3,835
6,928,495
1,429,496
784
734,687
323,963
1,233,275
601,893
3,169,104
3,223,922
26,419,831
1,796,396
1,187,726
197,458
3,230
32,358,000
745,701
22,155
234,946
14,671,194
5,999,522
31,366
538,573
432,508
113,368
626,679
864,602
176,732
167,964
1,456,403
16,265
1,513
272
2,759
3,397
7,757
2.326
3,110,395
3,105
35,044
11
332,654
611
2,826
1
4,774,664
1,387
6,297,979
4,771
315,547
1,810
720,182
375,257
574
178,638
70,576
227,070
59,523
166,774
332,789
1,323,199
292,169
92,223
475,871
2,608
84,086
120
212,720
710,260
15 2,322
10,470 1,621,250
3,755 322,426
16 2,758
5,406 836,088
11 1,016
197 I 31,840
19,580 2,984,454
5,625 | 894,645
2,264 I 217,274
35 3,544
1,333 150,355
122,800
25,581
343
52,152
226,202
22,761
102,167
212.519
Males above
16 years.
Females above
15 years.
445,757 8222,671,209 296,847 875,781,399 16,723 82155,971
Value of
produets,
including
receipts
from cus-
tom work
and
repairing.
85158,868,353 89370,107,624 | 1
215 31,076
17,423
1,633
1,254
3,027
2,792
1,824
6,865
14,857
54,599
14,873
4,390
3,120
171,885
4,674,798
473,532
9,669,768
931,074
992,426
1,893,862
640,892
3,970
15,706,156
5,661,209
4,750
5,501,876
28,166,329
5,870,016
2,293,977
121,196
6,212,231
173,217
387,394
44,735
2,074,694
13,353,442
12,799
48,830,785
355,794
44,664
1,060
57,265
3,029
2,095
1,865
1,190
5,681
41,706
3,944,039
83,848
424,134
207,197
1,167 232.188
9,221 2,563,656
5,468 ! 1,008,791
1,787 265,119
969 160,758
2,855 607,239
3,962 581,336
9,128 I 1,721,956
11,868 1,785,626
44,541 14,126,375
4,488 924,057
854 273,614
407 64,068
6,541
1,477,304
8,765
44,306
4,607 1,198,685 jj 282
13,893 3,468.619
7 3,704
86,493 23,348,915
1,053 163,156
2 1,040
35,449 15,761,149 16,588 3,536,747 '| 1,145
376,052
30,271,937
1,666,628
216,964
36,120
875,364
829,558
170,056
447,570
1,819,592
495,336
935,743
3,942,838
41,765
157 59,550
33,256 8,686,445
4,662 1,398,457
299 68,258
6 1,978
642 140,495
371 64,127
68 9,749
88,219
979,610
1,940
66,521
13,013
1,060
9,467
18,521
4,923
36,770
10,950
77,475
24,695
5,022
1,253
28,432,281
30,198
353,814
12,397.261
120,241,025
20,848,516
123,183,080
21,161,752
17.194,666
8,021,854
35,774,480
638,673
529,019,089
130,119,106
127,864
79,292,407
78,845,167
61,588,583
33,282,724
51,520,589
92,059,390
473,199,434
151,521,918
118,481,941
10,064,897
177,107,885
2,375,093
67,334,532
439,058
47,754,152
51,226,605 2
58,440 I 3
947,547 4
22,659,179 ; 5
213,404,096 6
42,480,205 ' 7
248,336,364 j 8
37,571,848 ! 9
39,331,437 10
18,222,890 1 11
68,917.020 12
1,396,096 13
91)8,610,280 14
226,825,082 15
248,932 16
125,049,183 17
110,219,805 18
126,719,857 19
57,806,713 20
95,689,500 21
171,842,593 22
888.160,403 23
277,896,706 24
192.033,478 25
18,705,834 26
323,897,688 27
5,507,573 28
93,037,794 29
1,105,063 30
85,770,549 31
188,960,704 353,179,917 32
691,420 1,516,195 33
871,264,085 1,711,577,671 34
22,789,187 I 40,375,450 35
3,087,161 5,028,107 36
341,016,464 641,688,064 37
56,518 180,445 38
21,793,578 41,432,174 39
773,530,105 1,331,523,101 40
76,253,023 142,500,625 41
18,873,666
3,523,810
40,463,782
36,152,308
4,252,030
20,433,174
50,148,285
19,917.057
23,729,089
145,437,016
1,084,432
31,926,681 42
5,682,748 ! 43
72,355,286 44
70,433,551 45
8,911,047 46
38,340,066 47
88,363,824 48
41,768,022 49
38,702,125 50
248,546,164 51
2,367,601 52
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table 2.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
■ materials; stock in process and finished products <
hand, and cash, bills, and accounts receivable- Miscellaneous expenses includes
used in the business, and all sundries not elsewhere reported. Cost of
MKCHANU Al. AND M A N t F A CTl' E I N < . IN I >T-TEI I-S
Num-
ber of
estab-
lish-
ments
port-
Value of plant.
Machin-
Total. Land. Buildings. ery ' *? ols '
and lm-
1 Agricultural implements 910 8145,313,997 831,811.412 36,246,748 813,671,576 811,893,088
2 Ammunition 35 4,368,529 2,398,483 453,045 1,046,593 898,845
3 Artificial feathers and flowers. (See also Mil- 251 3,081,828 391,734 105,900 60,000 225 834
linery and lace goods.)
4 Artificial limbs. (See also Surgical appliances.) 59 186,896 84,385 13 110 8,150 63 125
5 Artists' materials 39 361,460 119,095 27,125 27,510 64,460
6 Awnings, tents, and sails 581 3,063,009 422,538 93,560 78,400 250,578
7 Axlegrease.. 31 451,228 195,217 71,000 63,600 60,617
8 Babbitt metal and solder 36 954,654 256,475 101.550 88,350 66 575
9 Bagging, flax, hemp, and jute 1« 3,332,102 1,964,200 202.800 462,400 1,299,000
10 Bags, other than paper 64 6,015,685 1,740,190 264,700 455,400 1,020,090
11 Bags, paper 56 2.321,797 879,460 71,239 112,850 695,371
12 Baking and yeast powders 150 3,587,919 976,593 257,170 319,575 399,848
13 Baskets and rattan and willow ware. (See 403 2,702,713 852,325 168,243 340,875 343,207
also Whalebone and rattan.)
14 Bellows 17 146,044 43,775 8,550 12,900 22,325
15 Bells. (See also Foundry and machine shop 22 590,420 230,880 70,300 72,890 87,690
products.)
16 Belting and hose, leather 93 4,973,420 1,088,371 255,700 299,800 532,871
17 Belting and hose, linen 9 795,909 430,530 66,000 107,600 256.930
18 Belting and hose, rubber 17 5,270,068 1,935,943 487,070 492,991 955,882
19 Bicycle and tricycle repairing 83 1 172,070 78,808 6,400 7,300 65,108
20 Bicycles and tricycles 27 2,058,072 926,421 22,650 339,371 564,400
21 Billiard tables and materials 57 1,456,624 380,070 97,000 91,000 192,070
22 Blacking. (See also Cleansing and polishing 71 1,403,087 431,396 57,765 79,725 293,906
preparations.)
23 Blacksmithingandwheelwrighting. (Seealso 28,000 34,500,139 20,524,743 7,282,284 7,588,296 5,654,163
Carriages and wagons, including custom
work and repairing.)
24 Bluing 53 184,472 52,817 11,520 12,220 29,107
25 Bone, ivory, and lamp black. (See also Paints.) 24 1,627,651, 1,216,408 618,900 306,333 291,175
26 Bookbinding and blank-book making. (See 805 10,062,031 4,321,702 215,245 258,438 3,848,019
also Printing and publishing.)
27 Boot and shoe cut stock 344 5,401,834 787,354 104,595 189,325 493,434
28 Boot and shoe findings 138 1 1,793,123 627,562 97,215 124,305 406,042
29 Boot and shoe uppers 317 1,216.026 334,097 83,700 90,240 160,157
30 Boots and shoes, custom work and repairing... 20,803 , 14,230,081 8,296,361 2,886,383 3,233,353 2,176,625
31 Boots and shoes, factory product 2,082 95,282,311 21,527,403 2 190,160 5,463,879 13,873,364
32 Boots and shoes, rubber 11: 17,790,970 3,515,202 463,615 1,664,992 1,386,595
33 Bottling. (See also Liquors, malt; Mineral 716 5,656,705 3,195,945 940,077 906,819 1,349,049
and soda waters.)
34 Boxes, cigars 291 '. 3,374,451 1,371,787 260,615 317,865 793,307
35 Boxes, fancy and paper. (See also Fancy 588 9,277,973 3,954,674 533,730 . 863,089 2,557,855
articles, not elsewhere specified.)
36 Boxes, wooden packing. (See also Lumber, 636, 13,018,456 6,170,885 1,668,733 1,637,719 2,864,433
planing mill products, including sash, doors,
and blinds.)
37 Brass 14 1,208,619 861,735 106,800 330,800 424,135
38 Brass and copper, rolled 16 8,041,593 3,423.815 510,000 1,380,815 1,533,000
39 Brass castings and brass finishing. (Seealso 453 18,663,286 8,451,459 1,842,848 2,440,097 4,168,514
Bronze castings; Plumbers' supplies.)
40 Brassware 113 10,866,001 4,153,067 626,250 1,255,465! 2,271,352
41 Bread and other bakery products 10,484' 45,758,489 30,283,790 9,480,559 ' 11,555,107 9,248,124
42 Brick and tile. (See also Clay and pottery 5,828 82,578,566 53,629,375 21,031,133 14,601,046 17,997,196
products.)
43 Bridges 137 10,960,218 4,251,486 755,768 978.252 2,517,466
44 Bronze castings. (See also Brass castings and 14 710,190 217,002 71,219 44,539 101,244
brass finishing.)
45 Brooms and brushes _ 1,235 7,743,832 2,269,507 575,470 853,450 840,587
46 Buttons 106 3,089,265 1,262,943 98,664 208,185 956,094
47 Calcium lights 15 73,402 51,818 5,000 2,000 44,818
48 Cardboard. (See also Paper.) 5 616,548 282,063 30,000 74,898 177,165
49 Card cutting and designing 26 89,584 41,107 3,050 2,200 35,857
50 Carpentering 16,917 81,542,845 22,347,004 7,986,520 6,940,728; 7,419,756
51 Carpets and rugs, other than rag. (See also 173 38,208,842 17,375,384 2,884,139 5,559,458 8,931,787
Woolen goods )
52 Carpets, rag 354 975,381 611,805 217,288 283,145 111,372
53 Carpets, wood 6 333,000 210,850 75,000 57,000 78,850
54 Carriage and wagon materials 539, 13,028,161 5,915,063 994,335 1,655,968 3,264,760
55 Carnages and sleds, children's 87 3,158,412 1,122,872 283,200 451,460 388,212
56 Carriages and wagons, including customwork 8,614 104,210,602 39,732,196 13,443,756 17,386,952 8, 901, -488
and repairing. (See also Blacksmithing
and wheelwrighting.)
AVERAGE Nt
OF EMPLOYES AND
TOTAL WAGES.
Miscel-
laneous
expenses.
5113,502,585
1,970,016
2,690,094
■11,129,548
292,856
320,446
42,544 821,811,761
2,267 1,110,482
6,835 2,681,185
2,640,471
256,011
698,179
1,367,902
4,275,495
325,853
50,158
49,866
122,272
346,889
3,872
194
261
3,149
3,769
2,208,235
135,109
188,229
905,213
1,462,011
1,442,337
2.611,326
1,850,388
216,584
705,991
250,471
1,382
1,867
3,732
580,092
1,001,130
1,269,135
102,269
359,540
13,655
36,658
101
430
62,483
237,227
3,885,049
365,379
3,334,125
93,262
1,131,651
268,278
46,332
282,543
24,067
242,018
1,621
292
1.915
306
1,925
1,114,754
153,366
1,043,768
161,683
1.105,728
1,076,554
971,691
142,431
264,715
1,157
1,039
870,480
561,614
13,975,396
2,510,586
50,867
26,796,927
131,625
411,243
21,736
84,872
232
385
104,194
216,288
5,740,332
1,214,297
13,815
6,903,951
4,614,480
1,165,561
881,929
5,933,720
411,472
163,865
125,707
2,786,701
5,503
2,283
2,110
35,046
2,323,271
771,937
1.089.S23
16,559,242
73,754,908
14,275,768
2,460,760
9,217,519
943,918
728,173
139,333
9,264
3,929
66,375,076
3,966,875
2,271,355
2,002,664
5,323,299
337,496
941, 49S
5,537
19,954
2,134,383
6,869,900
6,847,571
1,011,900
13,922
6,477,125
346,884
4,617,778
10,211,827
53,016
321,793
1,222,989
819
2,801
11,903
436,569
1,577,778
6,922,489
6,712,934
844,475
7,518
4,057,058
15,474,699
2S, 949, 191
6,388,722
5,108,769
52,762
109,151
28,789,047
32,695,189
6,708,732
493,188
652,947
6S.001
8,921
311
5,681,364
253,835
5,474,325
611,554
10,984
4,317,026
1,826,322
21,584
334,485
48,477
59,195,811
256,846
6,696
38,281
9,789
10,945,617
4,036
97
223
214
140,021
1,673,876
49,570
139,782
106,583
94,524,197
20,833,458
1,819,441
29,121
11,633,116
363,576
122,150
7,113,098
2,035,540
64,478,406
78,132
41,781
821,743
248,126
6,022,972
1,764
328
10,928
2,936
73,453
650,119
155,396
5,208,427
1,330,955
40,198,522
SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES: 1890.
vent for tenancy; luxes (including internal revenue); insurance; repairs,
materials used includes fuel ; rent of power and heat, and mill supplies.]
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
, of buildings and ]
it paid contractors; interest paid (
AVERAGE NUMBER OF
TOTAL WA'.KS
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Males above 16 Females above Males above 16 Females above
years. 15 years. years. 15 years.
r " Wages. ber " Wages. ber i Wages.
3,529
104
$3,615,117
137,121
405
518,265
84
58
85,472
59,789
720
68
86
42
619,038
73,467
102,680
56,831
225
253,414
172
396
414
174,610
415,575
258,559
20
16,224
53
41,520
270
18
100
91
330,309
29,322
154,464
58,792
123
121,148
138
191
164,560
223,092
,550 30,435 813,907,522 84
,410 1,371 774,259 616
,014 642 318,906 2,949
66,842 21
24307 13,287.010
1,273 1,357,705
474 417,730
195 172,459
568 406,910
18142 9,165,581
5,074 5,456,387
111 143,554
870 749,909
16589 I.",, 132,5X3
297,546 128
,9,017 7,453,142 177
5,768
11,314
6,555
1,242,534 958
58,752 9
83,207 3
485,443 1,416
524,045 1,168
230,918 j 536
422,269 501
529,342 261
$18,642
167,747
934,474
130,403
127,142
57,654
3.S30 1,281 767,023
520 101 73,992
6,284 1,724 846,630
750 ] 205 I 100,817
2,566 '), 1,703 , 902,376
720 l| 943 i 605,583
7,320 335 192,791
10,179 25,634 13,265,567
37,763 6,041 3,500.596 4,371
1,190,961
329,159
401,465
14,510 2,399
3,405 689
10,145 746
34,728 10,345
251,544 42,487 22,713,979 15941
9.354
28,688
10,238 4,780,116 415
Num-
ber.
51,188
3,807
5,096,687
286,033
14,200
386,460
1,158,597
5,177,7.31
2,463,037 842 236,385
14,635
6,028
3,795
1,107
11,775
6,416
80,079
120735
11,619
7,888
2,067
55,:32S
1, Cur,, 716 891
633,46.3
33,552
85,532
62,093
78,2.37,256
200,755
401,12.3
19,210
8,744
7,961
182,793
135,032
3,430,243
949,728
28,391,194
26,362
1,900
55,382
57,078
135,701
Pieceworkers
Males above 16 | Females above
years. 15 years.
Cost of
materials
used.
Value of
products,
including
receipts
from cus-
tom work
and
repairing.
$31,241
1,701
6,242
Num-i , Ir Nurn- ,„ Num-
ber. Wa S es - ber. Wa S es - ber.
5,550,234 10745 3,445,426 1,806
7,892 54,091,128 204
10 3,500 138
337 108,500 2,370
175
£56,911
21,394
756,684
250
35,670
8 $1,650 $31,603,265 $81,271,651
14 1,350 2,759,782 , 6,538,959
12 1,100 4,645,850 ' 9,078,683
200 4, 150, ISO 7,829,003
401,897 846,459
136 | ! i 2,385,894 2,905,102
| 73 26,152 ! 2,520,995 3,852,440
,415 | 690 174,961 206 32,966 12,657,270 16,355,365
1,896
2,984
18,322
1,545
750
2,716
506
1,664
794
6,746
233
9,517
11,497
7,875
3,899
16,350
30 7,651
34 10,936
1,082 322,300
1,133
""5,'SJb"
500
69,163 !
117
28,840
9,910
65,481
3,167,717 5,023,793
4,273,796 7,406,806
1,398,483 3,633,592
1,500 6.132,701
427,815
20,080 2 400 3,479,538
i ! 67,332
3,120 J 718,848
8,633,634 ]6
777,942 17
5,512,840 18
301,709 19
2,568,326 20
2,823,278 21
656 14,645,090 54,304,639 23
258,065 1,381 404,601
271,428 1,203
79,857 469
59,207 263
2,528,142 136
265.021
72,112
88,927
42,930
306 6,007,417 17,067,7S0
6,981 13,744,655 17,903,846
2,298 1,965,173 3,459,328
1,983,752 3,671,313
1,937 10,322,557 34,531,340
8,296,924 787 240,028 118,785,831
987,547 1 11,650,787
75 ! 7,937,001
120,649,358
18,632,060
13,583,418
115,691 i 1,195 312,370 20
366,485 7,150 1.813,309 164
742 118,701 1,002 506,911
8,576 14,244,503 25,513, ISO 36
15,975
142,221
474,926
49,546
11,638
14,775
144,396
389,016
1,238,549
172,319
5,000
3,000
1,765,605
5.493,231
12,249,607
2,519,860
8,381,472
21,344,434
173,864 . 278 29,963
187,778 34 4,708
7,0S9,202 13,615,172 40
12,770,146 21,868,068 4.3
695,485 1,165,163 44
6,900,553 14,156,383 45
1,551,603
35,048
701,764
88,186
137,847,002
4,216,795
110,062
1,070.805
243,070
211,195,162
330,845
4,714
900,223 2,331
85,825 66
802,823
9,559
199 32,708
6 1,235
28,644,905 47,770,193 51
827,314,
127,604
3,994,576
726,419
210,814
7,387,904
1,900,907
47,805,565
1,714,480
511,700
16,262,293
4,094,255
114,570,555
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table a.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
CAPITAL.
Num-
ber of
estab-
lish-
MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. ments
re-
] port-
ing.
1 Cars and general shop construction and
repairs by steam railroad companies.
2 Cars and general shop construction and
repairs by street railroad companies.
3 Cars, steam railroad, not including operations
of railroad companies.
4 Cars, street railroad, not including operations
of railroad companies.
5 Celluloid and celluloid goods
10
6 Cheese and butter, urban dairy product 160
7 Cheese, butter, and condensed milk, factory 4,552
product.
8 Chemicals. (See also Fertilizers; Gunpowder; 563
High explosives ; Paints; Varnish.)
9 China decorating. (See also Clay and pottery 78
products.)
10 Chocolate and cocoa products
$76,192,477
2,351,162
43,641,210
2,468,315
2,298,532
607,590
Value of plant
11 Cigar molds
12 Clay and pottery products. (See also Brick
and tile.)
13 Cleansing and polishing preparations. (See
also Blacking.)
14 Clock cases and materials. (See also Watch
and clock materials.)
15 Clocks
16,016,
55,032,
573
707 26,127,104
27 ' 5,727,202
16 Cloth, sponging and refinishing ■ 23
17 j Clothing, horse ' 31
18 Clothing, men's, custom work and repairing... 13,591
19 Clothing, men's, factory product 4,867
20 Clothing, men's, factory product, buttonholes.. 200
21 Clothing, women's, dressmaking 19,587
22 Clothing, women's, factory product 1,224
23 ; Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding , 358
24 ' Coffins and burial cases, trimming and finish- 1,368
| ing. I
25 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods ... 194
26 Coke 218
Collars and cuffs, paper 3
Combs ' 31
Confectionery 2,921
Cooperage 2,652
229,335
1,028,523
54,109,273
128,253,547
190,118
12,883,079
21,259,528
16,996,009
6,016,385
11,097,736
17,462,729
237,764
742,200
23,326,799
17,806,554
22,786,019
783,567
1,869,360
205 6,640,056
13 ! 116,210
Cotton, compressing 52 I 7,864,373
Cotton, ginning 1,637 I 3,221,987
Cotton goods. (See also Hosiery and knit 905 354 020,843
goods.)
Cotton ties 3 22,475
Cotton waste 31 711,956
Cordage and twine
Cordials and sirups
Cork cutting
Corsels
Cotton, cleaning and rehandling..
Crucibles , 10
Cutlery and edge tools. (See also Files; 474
Hardware; Saws; Tools, not elsewhere spec-
ified.)
Dentistry, mechanical 3,214
Dentists' materials 24
Druggists' preparations, not including pre- 1,805
scriptions. (See also Patent medicines and
compounds; Perfumery and cosmetics.)
Drug grinding : 13
Dyeing and cleaning 976
Dyeing and finishing textiles i 248
Dye stuffs and extracts ! 60
Electrical apparatus and supplies ' 189
908,152
12,082,638
4,019,637
2,908,113
4,624,814
337,885
3,011,178
38,450,800
8,590,096
18,997,337
Electric light and pi
Electroplating
Emery wheels
Enameled goods
Enameling
■ (a)..
144
27
$54,733,171 810860,668
1,916,929 814,006
19,316,079 3,811,086
988,956 489,500
1,196,795 " 139,738
H, 1
1,530,902
112,479
878,050
6,228,481
\ 23,600
250,000
117,332
606,955
30,000
3,976,737
115,731
23,700
24,399
8,000
836,508
240,562
146,185
106,832
11,090,130
8,359,363
130,153
6,492,274
2,900,778
3,445,002
2,839,798
14,000
27,350
4,202,761
2,069,521
11,130
2,365,464
554,050
678,339
1,016,323
2,258,391
617,500
848,041
1,124,190
1,868,419
1,729,228
1,918,622
699,285
4,019,471 1,200,706 1,640,590 1,178,175
18,358,750
13,551,007
3,176,587
,078,265 822,312
15,980,284
105,110
406,437
11,048,779
8,029,500
12,631,234
176,615
637,608
1,427,619
44,550
1,405,342
33,902
100,575
2,867,625
2,997,729
1,711,232
39,150
127,700
193,050
17,000
7,233,753 2,637,972
3,048,957 288,384
130,993,567 23,225,097
460,467 210,500
5,876,717 1,336,564
2,443,548 453,523
823,415 83,050
1,809,605 578,317
30,500
710,525
2,579,114
937,800
714,542
1,743,017
155,760
26,000
6,000
5,000
869,725
16,951
116,747
3,334,166
2,944,600
4,605,005
32,650
275,200
393,900
16,575
2,178,857
696,400
69,742,664
141,271
130,038
13,705,217
54,257
189,115
4,846,988
2,087,171
6,314,997
104,815
234,708
840,669
10,975
2,416,924
2,064,173
138,025,806
1,482,445
132,654
335,763
12,278,020
9,777,054
10,154,785
606,952
1,231,752
5,212,437
71,660
630,620
173,030
123,027,276
447,685
6,205,921
394,784
7,627
61,133
3,302,708
1,269,618
987,974
121,207
119,710
908,510
12,026
324,469
176,004
16,716,524
438,849 1,551,176 1,576,089
389,050 351,315 2,084,698
693,319 537,969 2,815,209
4,346,403
6,170,507
19,167,012
8S8.173
232,902
143,472
19,000
647,295
7,596,641
1,724,929
1,496,293
2,106,418
129,420
53,374
9,000
3,800
76,615
903,535
9,703,284
1,683,674
3,959,672
15,317,577
602,993
153,528
128,472
24,587
211,770
779,823
18.571,761
4,243,693
12,826,830
14,671,537
1,162,961
590,157
207,326
38,530
37,213
525,052
3,131,081
372,597
1,154,462
755,201
182,826
81,148
23,856
15,751
3.000
7,660
221,585
4,737
1,214
3,940
5,189
20,267
2,277
9,485
187
3,555,256
4,412,640
232,988
762,518
4,062,815
54,068
1,228,619
781,798
69,489,272
3,481,189
867,626
1,938,700
103,594
2,537,556
9,717,011
1,275,649
5,366,188
1,556,623
1,260,475
182,600
191,925
104,672
The
iliucd to the state of New York, the District of Columbia, and the city of St. Louis. See explanation in text, page 1.
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES: 1390— Continued.
t'ERAGE NUMBER OF
EES AND TOTAL WAGES— Continued.
Officers, firm members,
and clerks.
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Males above 16 Females above Males above 1G Females above
years. 15 years. years. 15 years.
Num- , Tr Num- ,_ Num-
ber. Wa S es - ber. Wa S es - ber.
Num- Num- _,
ber. | Wa S es - i ber. ! Wa S es -
Pieceworkers.
Males above 16 Females above
years. 15 years.
Num- ,_ Num- __ Num-
ber. Wa e es " ber. Wa S es " ber.
Cost of
materials
used.
Value of
products,
including
receipts
from cus-
tom work
and
repairing.
1,9H
81,568,759
25
23,172
688
749,136
48
83,520
43
100,245
156
2,107
96,537
856,009
1,794
2,316,021
81
66,346
68
139,229
18
1,268
17,300
1,247,513
88
74,429
3
3,250
86
123,908
39
66
14538
10558
187
42,788
71,538
12.128,714
10,850,469
123,726
709
2,459
1,314
1,378
581,296
3,146,543
1,428,357
1,036,474
647
698,516
160
8
65
4,226
2,083
113,332
12,922
68,321
3,409,377
1,600,488
381
99
118
279
18
522,549
118,494
125,337
455,701
9,620
215
739
2,627
187,811
130,838
3,427,362
3
48
850
49,896
24
764
38,960
711,073
3,216
200
1,882
2,697,709
323,726
1,090,483
$15,483 100209
li 1,998
10,566 22,922
1,671
920
4,916
11,142
67,411
25,558
1,328
415
11,475
21,598 13,950
2,693
176,734 i 22,343
395,338 134,422
10,377 I 307
,646,606 I 768
237, '.172 7,361
19,028 I: 2,614
16,238 j 1,668
14,296 4,242
300 ' 4,448
$56,276,276
1,403,249
11,483,051
989,312
237,732
164,207
4,018,245
6,243,321
105,515
353,171
42,898
6,808,408
80,403
17,438
1,018,449
199,066
63,406
13,903,830
19,069,096
139,174
477,725
4,568,764
1,490,026
902,818
125 | 838,250
12,926
8,332
107,778
625,889
38,616
101,976
34,950
1,560
10,715
21,430
3,257
27,648
213,824
5,200
2,452 1,471,156
322
107,189
2,241,967 583 194,194
1,901,456
28,039
306,710
5,330,904
5,848,626
98,075
1,200
1
82
75
37,372
2
1,320
1,883
6,579
85,840
15,079
1,252
8,531
28,883 132
705,830 265 114,289 2,091
791,908 30 13,383 16,297
246,662 5 2,554 2,053
826,986 43 22,152 '] 6,221
3,056 !] 1,791
4,608 1,529
1,236 !, 241
2,416,927
89,994
381,631
510,039
24,058
517,743
631,256
32,695,795
665,484
473,448
777,287
364,115
46,008
42,378 | ..
30,086 I | || 129
4,567 :i 1,133 586,723
4 1,200
150 ' 47,804
9,106 2,641,031
24080 6,715,114
412 111,141
45238 11,985,221
13788 4,819,012
553 149,959
31 8,528
14 3,134
116 35,665
7,704 1,771,681
3 650
4,356 1,108,758
58 14,716
884 194,921
3,319 1,104,991
99 18,560
9,207
71,115
69,059
2,349
42,833
31,898
12,949
14,500
4,564
$251
2,184
5,452 2,728,191
564 ' 304,174
4,494 2,162,662
373 89,872 31 3,420
10,673 2,910,214 94 22,060
51,023 10,787,641 1,033 79,627
265 77,559
1,926 497,141
12,125 3,175,191
388 113,933
11 2,171
3,016
78,328
52,390
126,444
3,994
54,053
9,212
290,849 1,550
15,568
600
51 ,050
60,724
54,940
51,860
70,661 13 3,268
1,133,324 1,380 396,794
8,053,091 2,151 574,973
1,017,486 4 936
3,469,140 970 243,039
1,284,502 \. 1 ■ 240
802,578 ' 87 28,152
134,420 f 2 416
116,294 92 27,253
67,126 23 7,044
9,164
7,450
7,359
9,089 4,120,129
925 336,752
1,997 1,101,722
16,960 3,429 1,539,610
10,811 222 110,674
43,486 213 . 94,753
786 | 26 ' 7,225
7,543 : 1,068 : 613,707
3,952
1,134
306,959
30,574
2,363
3,950
600
155,566
62 10,300
5,774
1,542,605
230
45 | 5,440
3
10,786
86
3,126,107
4 | 325
932 141,418
i
$129461,698 1
2,966,347 2
70,083,737 : 3
3,302,115 4
1,363,534 _ 5
2,050,338 6
60,635,705 7
59,352,548 8
847,555 9
4,221,675 10
211,000 11
22,057,090 12
865,904 13
44,038 14
4,228,846 15
399,814 16
1,572,265 17
126,219,151 18
!251,019,609 19
784,055 20
23,393,829 j 57,071,732 21
34,277.219 I 68,164,019 22
65,961,465 I 75,042,010 23
3,656,859 j 7,783,140 24
5,547,082 j 12,230,554 25
.,501,526
,154,840
,674,486
364,778
!, 892, 219
70,060
.,618,401
382,120
11,724
,457,778
34,132
777,570
1,494,637
1,846,857
84,167
499 ' 183,621
,509,737
223,077
344,120
,116,629
1,636,911
;, 372, 637
,231,141
,501,902
.,662,140
415,005
254,309
542,481
.,912,979
16,498,345 26
301,093 27
1,020,835 28
55,997,101 29
38,617,956 30
I 32,376,454 31
1,903,200 32
I 2,840,359 33
■ 12,401,575 34
525,595 35
2, 624., 027 36
2,367,450 37
267,9S1,724 38
1,475,255 7,864,299 43
993,855 2,594,888 44
2,411,851 1 6,659,797 45
192,321
1,103,556
12,385,220
6,352,668
8,819,498
1,155,789
1,048,057
186,579
118,659
52.999
436,766 46
5,267,819 1 47
28,900,560 ! 48
9,092,514 ! 49
19,114,714 | 50
4,783,224 : 51
3,121,642 i 52
726,425 | 53
444,942 I 54
181,942 55
Ill
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table 2.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Num-
ber of
estab-
lish-
ments
re-
port- I
irig. ' Aggregate.
Value of plant.
Engravers' materials 16
Engraving and diesinking 382
Engraving, Bteel, including plate printing. 134
(See also Lithographing and engraving;
Photolithographing and engraving.)
Engraving, wood 285
Envelopes 41
Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 377
Felt goods. (See also Woolen goods.) 34
Fertilizers. (See also Chemicals.) 1 390
Files. (See also Cutlery and edge tools.) 140
Firearms 34
Fire extinguishers, chemical ' 9
Fireworks ' 22
Fish, canningand preserving. (See also Food 110
preparations.)
Flags and banners. (See also Regalia and 29
society banners and emblems.)
Flavoring extracts 148 I
$139,920 849,460
794,554 424,854
2,924,125 1,250,133
3,218,466
2,386,317
4,460,621
40,594,168
2,991,988
4,672,424
81,500
22,050
96,000
130,850
276, 7W)
,870,499
265,970
■118,900
405,733 48,530 4,500
507,266 214,435 73,900
3,186,975 i 1,421,730 466,970
13,197,623
1,776,199
2,755,496
16 j Flax, dressed
17 ] Flouring and grist mill products 18,470
18 , Food preparations. (See also Fish, canning ( 302
and preserving; Fruits and vegetables, can-
ning and preserving; Oysters, canningand
preserving.)
19 Foundry and machine shop products. (See , 6,475
also Ironwork, architectural and ornamen-
tal ; Steam fittings and heating apparatus.)
20 | Foundry supplies 21
21 Fruit jar trimmings \ 5
22 i Fruitsand vegetables, canningand preserving. , 886
(See also Food preparations; Pickles, pre-
serves, and sauces.)
23 | Fur goods. (See also Plats and caps, not i
eluding wool hats.)
24 , Furnishing goods, men's. (See also Shirts.) ' 586
25 Furniture, cabinetmaking, repairing and up- 4,054
holstering. (See also Mattresses and spring
beds.)
26 Furniture, chairs ' 340
27 Furniture, factory product ' 1,579
28 Furs, dressed 26
29 Galvanizing 27
30 j Gas and lamp fixtures. (See also Lamps and 108
reflectors.)
31 I Gas, illuminating and heating i 742
32 ! Gas machines and meters ; 38
33 Gas stoves 24
34 : Glass 294
35 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting 279
376,130
1,361,800
1,361,635
208,473,500
6,715,535
153,945
225,650
867,810
136,539,851
3,040,819
73,800
42,640
201,010
23,776,931
662,661
Miscel-
laneous
expenses.
AVERAGE NUMBER
OF EMPLOYES AND
TOTAL WAGES.
$3,500 844,460
41,050 361,754
332,000 909,933
714,453
5,787,740
486,804
630,350
16,000
93,675
467,340
42,950
41,660
204,200
41,730,612
553,101
874,751
4,539,384
1,023,425
1,706,246
28,030
46,860
487,420
37,195
141,350
462,600
71,032,308
1,378,273
890,460 813,959
369,700 150,239
1,673,992 I 155,902
1,528,876
2,594,637
27,396,545
1,215,789
1,916.928
1,635 1,169,073
2,560 1,881,583
357,203
292,831
1,765,245
222,185
1,136,150
493,825
71,933,649
3,674,716
382,798,337 187,048,990 41,014,439 51,032,859 95,001,692 195,749,347 24,637,980 247,754 148,389,063
18,859
25,483
280,660
20,098 ,
153,406
3,954
2,266
10,158
2,666
2,759 !
82
956,366
1,058,550
1,679,818
1,011,296
4,671,831
1,445,941
1,700,205
57,878
213,103
1,248,396
227,123
27,035,742
1,816,835
353,105 111,900 104,000 137,205
484 I 11,115,840
14,387,075
66,393,864
266,921
1,301,973
7,218,964
326,712
53,282
33,689
1,289,681
212 152,773
552 ! 166,735
50,881 : 5,243,707
546,500 | 322,967 10,026,063 864,506 | 8,075 I 4,749,191
10,679,252 2,330,360 ' 22,211 7,589,349
8,085,836 1,406,085 14,721 : 8,584,097
4,592,771
24,595,393
152,025
464,593
2,354,562
40,950
144,300
:«i;,275
258,771,795 234,101,052 15,521,707
1,603,426 514,687 73,350
1,199,528 515,229 29,591
40,966,850 25,437,450 5,097,726
2,504,089 692,797 132,516
1,907,254
9,438,445
44,600
128,900
691,000
1.093,205
8,863,594
66,475
191,393
1,287,287
35,048,435 153,830,910
149,250 292,087
141,562 344,076
11,401,021 8,938,703
134,000 426,281
9,794,304
41,798,471
114,896
837,380
4,864,402
24,370,743
1,088,739
684,299
15,529,400
1,811,292
r es and mittens. (See also Hosiery and
it goods; Woolen goods.)
Gold and silver, leaf and foil
Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not
from the ore.
Graphite
Greaseand tallow. (Sec also Axle grease ; Soap
nd candles.)
ndstones
Gunpowder. (See also Ammunition; Highex-
plosives.)
nairwork
Hammocks
Hund knit goods
Hand stamps
Hardware. (See also Cutlery and edge tools;
Tools not elsewhere specified.)
Hardware, saddlery
324 5,977,820
5,991,023
4,859,266
1,105,198
4,763,397
Hat and cap materials
Hats and caps, not including wool hats. (Se
also Fur goods; Straw goods, not elsewher
specified.)
Hay and straw, baling
High explosives. fSecalso Ammunition ; Gun
powder.)
Hones and whetstones
65,525
78,468
998,873
26,271,840
913,116
4,470,000
32,500
5,001,388
162,530 345,550 405,036 5,064,704
870,000
564,475
109,900
248, f
1,400,000
719,631
197,650
1,135,111
1,521,023
2,886,273
557,172
2,730,616
9,500
796,755
1,159,910
5,369,929
13,294
99.192
7,799,385
105,209
118,617
2,267,696
272,138
923,429
420,913
46,863
354,113
13,837 5,737,810
63,946 34,470.845
437 I 287,508
846 j 473,111
5,530 3,592,512
14,860 j 10,642,794
1,071 I 709,529
1,031 j 628.773
45,987 22,118,522
3,794 2,496,420
3,109,008
342,412 125,000 115,790 101,622 1,020,581
5,200
34,915
557.508
12,330,030
10,300
79,000
1,929,035
4,300
14,915
426,508
6,740,591
29,250
60,325
43,553
441,365
13,941,810
278,334 ; 1,787
5,799 ! 132
959,240 1,730
282,152 1,945
3,369 86
20,352 224
126,548
2,400,827
3,179
1,705
27,193
18,359
61,989
650,647
9,911,486
TOTALS FOB THE UNITED STATES.
SrECIFIED INDUSTRIES : 1890— Continued.
11
AVERAGE XlMltl-:K or l"M IT.t »\l :S AND TOTAL
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Males above 16 Females above
years. 15 years.
Num.
ber.
SI9.SS9
JOT, 294
273,232
353,372
239,801
343,715
156,486
1,249,584
224,439
120,078
31,684
46,705
117,823
Males above 16 Females above
years. 15 years.
Pieceworkers.
Males above 16 Females above
years. 15 years.
Num-
ber.
9 28,100
15912 8,824,109
"2 580,123
Wages.
SI ,000
5,128
31,946
101,121
1,430
4,377
3,926
4,196
1,500
10,777
73,231 45,892
13,799 | 2,154
Num-: ,„
ber. Wa E es -
-76,015
617,105
750,895
634,278 11,5
652,059 3
3,376,671
751,731
1,376,575
16071 18,923,521 531 262,493
1,003 1,206,044 125 65,399
,279
114,624
17,755,268
927,748
205530 115,265,032
14,817 2,091,
2,598 1,805,562
40,810 2,006 1,174,144
32,864 8,959 5,096,006
273,854
430,825
91,634
25,914
17,113
3,816
315
35,178
32,879
82,020
50,665
203,501
4,339
4,620
19,410
9,956
17,818
59,229
69,737
5,219
Value of
products,
Cost of including
materials rwel P t9
used. ' from cus "
2,079
21,718
13,132
290,248 1,307 253,694
892 I
445,011
8,184
5,647
6,650
1,276
22,871 13,201,445
19,488
46,234
8203,764
434,506 2,187,157
742,765 j 3,347,804 I 3
157,656 , 1,555,418 4
2,530,793 4,855,680 i 5
1,814,556 ! 4,810,450 6
2,809,937 4,654,768 7
25,113,874 39,180,844 , 8
1,038,943 3,179,649 j 9
485,946 ' 2,922,514 ' 10
57,736
188,938
4,710,709
195,834
592,542
6,972,268
195,587
455,849
1,430,120
2,614,514
638,285 ; 981,283 16
434,152,290 513,971,474 17
8,129,925 14,105,485 18
50,791 238 51,839 171,145,156 412,701,872 19
4,914 | 32 I 2,970 259 ! 75,280 104 18,320 , 275,744 , 802,237 , 21
12886 1,193,000 3,499 106,704 3,652 397,022 12,828 j 807,848 2,080 55,434 18,665,163 29,862,416 22
3,418
5,632
6,519
2,146
297,974
723,850
' 693,555
4,007 4,362,439
r 48,618
i 110,233
> 705,955
1.810 2,120,496
"l 82,427
7 ' 116,009
1,053 1,217,202
'"6 ! 532,192
3,443,760
25,549,492
129,215
349,228
2,737,419
51,101 I 2,966 1,283,012
220,707 7,289 3,833.399
1,300 167 107,519
3,650 13 8,120
8,052 102 62,668
456
22,673 12,951
1,200 :, 826
6,038 861
15,359 24,337
9,668 3,042
426,122 26 12,542 J 1,807
72,320
146,687
96,409
219,979 298
22,224
271,200
1,232,122 i
281,719
143,857
1,445,350 I 29 I
1,300
160,368
3,914
35,358 547
23,297 112,505
5,251 j! 1,570
2,040 ' 898
15,480 1: 7,354
8.492,617 i 38
541,785 l! 15 I 6,819 ,
476,083 5 I 1,250
10,664,728 1,626 273,064 6,498
1,861,281 i 151 50,712 58
150
954,891 |l,121
897.562 I 5
638.563 J 34
420,806 || 496
613,369 i 1
114,434 ! 941
5,343 | 14
5,887 ,| 78
287,776 l 60
,257,169 1,156
332,097
1,524
8,256
155,743
6,078
153 ] 76,798
57 ' 29 393
"SiS',W 11,727 8,881 ',623
11,427 65 I 30,170
11,411 ji 1,196 | 552,094
3,000
18,200
68,101
11,136
10,783 2,335,529
"99 55,816
11,742,508 20,526,9
8,500 15,280,572 29,870,946
9,757,060 23,884,252
6,572,299 16,866,358
38,796,471 94,876,722
203,199 651,296
1,940,712 2,957,143
2,208,124 7,825,672
6 750 14,037,087 56,987,290 : 31
...! I 675,542 I 1,838,644 1 32
...i 840,126 2,137,944 33
59,181 445 88,619 12,140,985 41,051,004 34
970 2,188,287' 6,090,378 35
818,246 ! 14 1,605 '. 5,021,144 j 10,103,821 36
5,029,131 7,756,686 37
1 600 , 2,510,927 ] 4,270,460 38
50,720 ' 1,834,716 2,977,791 39
225 30,005,096 32,035,520 40
26,380
5,135,901
54,605 41
7,474,911 42
1,637
5,158
2,799
13,059
15,579
294,219
26,565
23,088
3 1,710
490 ! 17 6,300
6,448 50 30,565
88,916 I 3,747 : 1,908,106
7,782 || 1,024 I 411,620
4,752
10,115
3,721
91,351
16,306
1,302
2
1,140
34,742 122,240 ; 43
3,279,004 6,752,343 ' 44
846,045 1 2,489,061 45
26,535 60,254 : 46
88,280 205,775 47
432,687 1,583,872 48
10,186,442 26,726,463 | 49
1,624,849
2,059,001
16,160,802
3,465,524 51
37,311,599 | 52
729,195 1,058,142 53
2,202,719 , 4,600,272 54
12
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table 2.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
41
MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING INDl fB I "RIES
Num-
ber of
estab-
lish- |
ments,
re-
port-
ing.
1 , Hooks and eyes ! 10
2 Horse shoes, factory product I 4
3 Hosiery and knit goods. (See also Cotton 796
goods; Gloves and mittens; Woolen goods.)
4 House furnishing goods, not elsewhere speei- 133
fied.
5 Ice, artificial 222
6 Ink, printing 35
7 Ink, writing 33
8 Instruments, professional and scientific 233
9 Iron and steel 645
Iron and steel bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. 82
Iron and steel doors and shutters 7
Iron and steel forgings 90
Iron and steel nails and spikes, cut and 138
wrought, including wire nails.
Iron and steel pipe, wrought 22
Iron work, architectural and ornamental. (See ' 724
also Foundry and machine shop products.) j
Ivory and bone work | 64
Japanning i 39
Jewelry. (See also "Watch, clock, and jewelry 783
repairing.)
Jewelry and instrument cases 76
Jute and jute goods 7
Kaolin and other earth grinding 95
Kindling wood 136
Labels and tags 47
Lamps and reflectors. (See also Gas and lamp i 93
fixtures.)
Lapidary work 29
Lard, refined. (See also Slaughtering.) ! 17
Lasts | 52
Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 28
Leather board. (See also Paper.) i 8
Leather, dressed skins i 38
Leather goods. (See also Pocketbooks; Trunks ! 139
and valises.)
Leather, morocco : 121
Leather, patent and enameled ; 32
Leather, tanned and curried 1,596
Lightning rods 22
Lime and cement >. 873
Linen goods j 3
Liquors, distilled I 440
Liquors, malt. (See also Bottling.) 1,248 |
Liquors, vinous. (See also Liquors, distilled.). .| 236 j
Lithographing and engraving. (See also \ 219
Engraving, steel, including plate printing;
Photolithographing and engraving; Print-
ing and publishing.)
Lock and gun smithing 1,308
Looking-glass and picture frames i 1,290
Lumber and other mill products from logs or 21,011
bolts.
Lumber, planiDg mill products, including 3,670
sash, doors, and blinds. (See also Boxes,
wooden packing; Wood, turned and carved.)
Malt. (See also Liquors, malt.) 202
Mantels, slate, marble and marbleized 90
Marble and stone work. (See also Monu- 1,321
ments and tombstones.)
Masonry, brick and stone. (See also Plaster- 5,969
ing and stuccowork.)
Matches I 27
Mats and matting { 24 !
Mattresses and spring beds. (See also Furni- 696
ture; Wirework, including wire rope and
cable.)
Millinery and lace goods. (See also Artificial 278
feathers and flowers.)
Millinery, custom work 5,999
Millstones 4
Mineral and soda waters. (See also Bottling.)... 1,377 |
Mirrors ' 45
Value of plant.
Land. Buildii
Machin-
ery, tools,
and im-
plements.
$449,618 i S246,545
1,299,065 675,950
50,607,738 23,574,761
SI 1,200
62,879
,271,466
AVERAGE NUMBER
OF EMPLOYES AND
TOTAL WAGES.
Miscel-
laneous
expenses.
Aggregates.
Aver- ;
age Total
num- wages.
ber.
837,520 $197,825 8203,073
68,500 544,571 623,115
6,194,088 15,109,207 27,032,977
833,008 243 8148,444
42,019 493 282,870
3,627,245 61,209 18,263,272
6,939,659 3,065,108 414,500 1,179,366 1,471,242 3,874,551 366,750 3,667 1,779,753
9,846,468 8,873,731 1,595,360 1,338,652 5,939,719
1,863,025 620,163 174,600 132,900 312,663
792,194 i 357,760 101,500 154,900 101,360
2,996,021 | 1,293,363 247,600 248,817 796,946
373,478,018 210,830,316 31,553,087 42,766,656 136,510,573
10,789,8211 5,812,292 1,101,168! 1,291,348 "
42,550
7,152,145
24,334,549
23,950 10,000
4,281,004 1,125,732
13,825,194 2,273,151
9,043,906 1,678,093
10,671,455 2,983,622
5,000
699,308
3,108,506
1,917,951
2,877,618
1,894,549 839,272
285,794 I 111,900
22,246,508 ' 4,141,958
3,334,575
1,299,533
646,815
2,550,214
100,635
3,898,910
906,820
4,892,525
445,743
434,800
2,114,931
872,105
450,180
902,772
26,435
898,215
391,282
2,405,572
250,053
171,700
135,000 402,400
9,650 18,600
173,200 405,661
683,422
242,772
532,950
210,950
61,950
134,300
106,430
85,750
881,844
47,790
45,675
152.870
78,400
675,800
65,607
71,000
2,980,060 692,
12,283,793 '. 3,988,333 I 651,800
4,108,409 1,530,767 461,500
81,261,696 22,526,492 6,346,010
436,661 118,628 35,700
18,752,396 14,464,265 7,482,480
908,589 288,895 38,995
31,006,176 16,972,727 2,816,967
232,471,290 148,239,269 33,538,926
5,792,783 2,706,613 367,010
117,110 130,343
8,950
2,455,964
8,443,537
301,872
83,650
3,563,097
898,559
418,383
354,630
685,572
26,435
638,915
227,132
847,928
136,656
55,025
445,169
1,793,306 1,543,227
647,900 421,367
10,155,462 6,025,020
40,690 42,238
972,737
1,242,862
434,434
1,702,658
162,647,702
4,977,529
18,600
2,871,141
10,509,355
1,055,277
173,894
18,104,550
1,219,644
427,428
196,635
1,647,442
74,200
3,000,695
515,538
2,486,953
195,690
263,100
477,485 3,265 1,441,187
162,554 516 455,764
47,676 508 301,426
203,937 2,371 1,606,194
16,918,753 152,535 84,665,506
597,605 7,341 j 3,472,202
4,210
366,812
1,244,624
53
38,389
2,638,641
7,816,994
1,095,805 12,064 5,845,462
1,344,813 18,672 11,951,457
111,293
21,941
1,493,545
173,298
60,882
197,759
13,294
845,116
62,192
208,645
30,166
30,978
1,345
292
15,761
687,360
156,201
10,270,393
744,129
772,377
379,897
1,320,273
618,0-12
571,732
552,321
92,163
2,287,438 190,874 3,074 1,464,124
4,095,536
161,400
6,299,511
2,886,249
88,500
7,856,249
8,295,460
2,577,642
58,735,204
318,033
4,288,131
619,694
14,033,449
84,232,021
3,086,170
838,727
218,546
4,309,421
20,559
65,583
65,179,927
48,276,290
270,377
8,237
2,087
34,318
5,343
31,81)1)
1,282
4,599,569
1,352,981
17,825,605
132,195
5,473.222
180,204
2,814,889
28,382,544
15,490,127 8,715,408 451,829 1,075,873 7,187,706 6,774,719 1,155,653 ! 10,590 7,147,174
1,867,220
521,915
936,078
725,930
6,317,637
8,554,995 I 2,237,358 590,955 710,325 936,078 I 6,317
496,339,968 294,325,888 156539,097 31,273,534 106,513,257 202,014
120,271,440 52,327,364 16,128,855 13,976,848 22,221,661 67,944,076
24,293,864 10,787,614 3,230,357
1,854,759 698,780 304,900
10,775,391 4,889,280
24,041,961
51,660,111
1,941,092
392,639
6,662,929
5,827,303
238,650
1,743,427
1,729,954
155,230
4,142,684
11,279,547 3,798,090 2,932,363 4,549,094
1,104,935 I 190,228 j 364,698
165,062 j 23,400 23,100
2,068,458 I 631,626 I 673,591
1,788,243 100,200
13,506,250
1,155,979
13,266,570
278,516 2,560
1,019,920 9,664
20,136,273 286,197
6,594,958 86,888
1,502,316
5,257,553
87,784,433
1,305,246 3,694 2,103,200
108,899 1,704 1,160,861
1,772,017 23,888 17,433,505
5,688,854 108,405 70,681,800
]2»,800 1,755 544,211
26,651 ' 423 212,481
680,386 7,337 3,660,297
1,335,043 ■ 4,841,967 742,153 11,827 5,452,429
16,309,220
3,964,230
1,598,687
1,785,618
579,925
12,344,990
2,620,266
23,976
8,945,139
49,450
36,150
20,500
10,600
5,050 i
13,300
1,628
28
17,864
10,781,817
8,229,883
1,818,888
1,539,273
4,871,722
2,551,934
1.280,577
7,717
4,206,868
1,695,772
264,997
18,110
33,300
213,587
1,430,775
169,594
1,542
1,033,235
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES : 1890— Continued.
13
AVERAGE NUMBER OF EMPLOYES AND
Officers, firm members,
and clerks.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
Pieceworkers.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
Num-
ber.
22 841, 458
19 40,976
1,520 1,641,230
122 148,580
373 406.641
1,773 5,662,568
358 454,485
7,625
322,451
664,889
94,657
51,004
2,158,469
193,413
152,673
87,365
280,701
120 181,300
76 85,439
137 165,963
20 19,711
58 47,911
305 336,620
414 , 454,262
81 I 131,735
2,050 2,086,155
41 j 52,161
660 525,361
9 13,070
573 j 564,325
4,483 I 7,621,418
229 | 178,955
856 1,256,812
877,994
Num-
ber.
8915
"43,923 |:ll, 681
4,415 ' 2,083
480 2,606
Num-
ber.
876,766 96
224,004 I
4,892,839 15125
1,021,581
1,081,810
828,905 3
80
3,882,062 2,711
219,142 82
Num-
ber.
Wages.
8100
17,890
374,128 3,165 81,148,361
.625
,358
7,955 1,592
25,038 147357
13,263 4,246
73,597 9,760
258,782
101,555
975,849
78,715.288
2,013,927
28,714
1,965,782
6,449,349
473,830 140
69,655 I 41
6,286,793 2,598
1,837
3,610
3,572
3,612
1,500
1,730
520,971
454,816
247,046
928,854
15 7,108 j 1,
761,894 879
11 5,059 1,140 625,424
82 27,507 6,510 3,403,867 5
181 80,925 252129 73,723,635 1,3
151 71,538 76,849 41,156,203 1
300 , 3,285 1,571,931
2,028 1,399 863,155
8,762 ,20,907 14,759,349
34,737 99,866 , 62,706,284
710 292,329
4,540
18,350
3,746
130 | 79,291 1,775
818,322 5,852 2,885,416 351
5,100 j 24
1,400,425 49 26,280 5,582
190,828 1,280
15
15,949
1,362
8,658
24,081
39,236
42,040
12,846
824,420
4,646
33,740
30,404
1,494
3,894
262,016
57,704
27,028
2,886
2,814
10,026
225,065
12,824
2,300
10,752
169,269
Cost of
materials
used.
Num-
ber.
25,701 86,124,008 1,205
24,792 2
112
29,480
600
6,216
233,012
36,225
" 21,966
6,114 6,029 , 3,157,773
312 1,370 , 790,654
9,401 29,130 13,916,135
2,820 159 75,109
3,548 12,430 4,698,620
156 ; 69,728
4,500 4,559 2,142,232
47,713 29,117 20,399,030
2,325 962 285,418
35,032 7,727 5,277,573 1,461 372,757
604
.15,500
56,683
"12,000"
145
508 91,609
600 45
135,678 367
249,524 2,616
6,862
64,349
333,604
28,200 1,474 226,112
139,198 16051
12,764 !
2,715,868 l 92
776,285 45
1,791,134
4,962,085
7,174
1,250
8,611
SO, 054
343
201 ,924
160
23
936
67,166
12,196
767,663
23
14,780
51
377
1
140
27,280
120,065
780
60,684
5
3,350
3
193
1
1
38
676
155,352
575
400
21,298
193
105,528
1,333
635
2,963
• 4
874,304
430,280
1,772,196
1,660
517
62
194
374
54
229,915
18,711
102,802
165,763
5,905
124
136,757
55
427
9,051
22,611
219,404
2,607,984
1,444
796,804
43
118
937
18,244
87,708
529,646
1,686
1,127,713
70
81
24,109
40,395
1,160
520,238
5,939
8,210
122,825
Value of
products,
including
receipts
from cus-
tom work
and
repairing.
$325,615 8593,604
519,449 1,110,032
35,861,585 67,241,013
4,832,791 , 8,347,285
940,699 4,900,983
1,145,554 2,376,672
519,231 1,128,307
698,352 3,271,616
295,777,813 430,954,318
6,746,304 12,373,031
29.792 88,515
4,875,697 9,042,563
22,960,737 34,227,517
25,147
2,220
5,992
29 9,100
2 , 725
24
22
4,162
10,680
3 300
17 3,528
27
7,612
3 140
2,159
15, 000
921,975 1,918,607 16
120,184 350,819 17
16,110,219 34,761,458 18
483,441 1,454,053 19
501,909 1,120,121 20
1,330,290 2,846,862 21
1,187,460 2,401,873 22
402,371 1,048,304 23
1,542,092 4,039,359 24
124,852 [ 315,604 25
12,654,360 I 15,474,848 26
331,225 1,239,065 27
6,882,157 8,351,754 28
211,936 463,705 29
724,739 1,072,755 30
2,988,747 5,578,428 j 31
18,174,452 26,279,105 32
3,932,724 6,502,228 33
100,114,806 138,282,004 ; 34
212,789 483,296 35
5,667,863 15,741,801 36
268,907 547,273 37
14,909,173 104,197,869 38
64,003,347 182,731,622 39
1,31S,012 2,846,148 40
6 1,222 6,265,464 17,988,157 41
4,834
100
1,224
364 822,557 3,153,834 42
17,713 39 5,846 7,069,115 16,376,173 43
113,875 652 66,613 231,555,618 103,667,575 44
12,161 15 2,376 104,926,834 183,681,552 45
103,412
4,098
119,956
17,100,074 23,442,559 46
1,254,667 3,127,662 ' 47
16,232,430 41,924,264 48
91,791,109 190,704,818 , 49
8,727,380 15,683,932 52
435,174 3,544
13,940 j 392
1,273,801 i | 8,588,342 18,047,067 53
95,362 6
762 18,756,776 36,983,082 54
| 18,294 47,152 55
17,089 8 1,350 6 375 4,562,803 14,353,745 56
55,010 3,274,131 6,000,533 57
14
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table 2.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
.MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING I \ 1 >! - TIM I : >
Num-
ber of
estab-
lish-
ments
re-
port- Aggregate.
ing.
Value of plant.
1 Models and patterns I 449
2 Monuments and tombstones. (See also Marble 2,052
and stone work.)
3 Mucilage and paste 55
4 Musical instruments and materials, not spe- 293
cified.
5 ' Musical instruments, organs and materials 145
6 Musical instruments, pianos and materials 236
7 Needles and pins 45
8 Nets andseines 22
9 Oakum 7
10 Oil, castor 7
11
Oil, cottonseed and cake
Oil, essential
Oil, illuminating, not including petroleum, i
fining.
Oil, lard
Oil, linseed
119
62
Oil, lubricating 124 ;
Oil, resin 8
Oilcloth, enameled 9
Oilcloth, floor 19
Oleomargarine 12
Optical goods 191
Ordnance and ordnance stores 4
Oysters, canning and preserving. (See also 16
Food preparations.)
Painting and paper hanging 10,043
Paints. (See also Chemicals ; Varnish) 382
Paper. (See also Leather, board ; Pulp, wood.). 567
Paper goods, not elsewhere specified 66
Paper hangings 27
Paper patterns 27
Patent medicines and compounds. (See also 1,127
Druggists' preparations, not including pre-
scriptions.)
Paving and paving materials
Pencil cases
Pencils, lead
Pens, fountain and stylographs
35 Pens, gold .
Pens, steel
Perfumery and cosmetics. (See also Druggists'
preparations, not including prescriptions.)
Petroleum, refining
Photographic apparatus
Photographic materials
70 1
45
8719,089 8119,138 8120,717
4,261,564 1,988,177 1,189,296
,288 2,083,252 450,560 871,755
Machin-
ery, tools,
and im-
plements.
Miscel-
laneous
expenses.
8665,632
8,811,668
AVERAGE NUMBER
OF EMPLOYES AND
TOTAL "WAGES.
8150,512 2,010 81,427.
970,358 12,101 7,930,016
18,430,872
1,820,089
1,135,764
275,675
621 ,798
12,808,996
102,223
561,496
481,526
14,003,358
4,091,157
284,110
772,820
3,704,436
634,532
2,608,176
7,639,991
1,106,962
82,374,099
2,922,449
5,709,909
156,106
18,596,823
4,701,884
954,609
467.623
186,525
263,962
1,385,346
81,100
39,573
73,525
85,500
8,941,014 898.345
70,872 10,006
349,200 107,500
197,500 65,500
5,036,210 1,208,775
1,067,901
153,500
412,450
1 ,596,845
135,434
212,584
58,000
74,950
295,550
32,231
64,281
504,250 234,200
1,738,750
222,900
95,633
35,000
51,000
2,733,217
11,497
114,000
300,476
50,000
170,750
777,150
29,900
760,937 7,807,036 821,315 4,'
1,577,788
650,609
332,417
78,000
127,462
5,309,452
554,8)1
45,500
166,750
524,1+5
73,300
697,951
1,847,688
89,300
13,728,988
865,480
668,141
89,150
357,836
3,023,256
130,610
360,370
2,107,591
1,701,449
193,608
602,712
1,394,513
71,674
53,920
6,579
28,314
1,163,586
34,462
15,480
102,663
1,321,461
928,718
20,890
66,929
195,764
385,563
228,028
18,885
80,199
3,096,477
9,347,729
728,002
217,985
57,116
70,131
1,907,827
37,492
54,418
2,073- 1,286,062
1,072 876,470
117 | 82,652
367 212,461
1,583 837,969
328 245,890
2,844 , 1,300,452
1,459 1,099,306
3,514 712,501
7,665,288 2,564,067 2,516,812 2,584,409
14,869,182 4,389,155 5,250,204 . 5,229,823
56,289,244 9,002,883 18,250,116 : 29,036,245
1,217,536 115,550 378,900
2,108,753 355,500 486,584
18.690 2,500 3,550
5,275,507 1,700,721 1,833,970
12,648,093
66,625
3,100,836
142,265
473,964
77,416,296
362,834
1,172,640
4,689,540
21,000
936,000
43,325
149,120
35,127,700
108,851
459,179
1,307,336 552,281
"" '270,'o6o 373 ,'666 '
3,100 3,600
12,000 8,000
Photography. 3,105
Photolithographing and engraving. (See also 89
Lithographing and engraving; Stereotyping
and electrotyping.)
Pickles, preserves and sauces. (See also Fruits 316
and vegetables, canning and preserving.)
Pipes, tobacco 69
Plastering and stuccowork. (See also Masonry, 1,746
brick and stone.)
Plated and britannia ware. (See also Silver- 68
ware.)
Plumbers' supplies. (See also Brass castings 122
and brass finishing.)
Plumbing and gas fitting 5,327
Pocketbooks. (See also Leather goods ) 62
Printing and publishing, book and job. (See 4,098
also Bookbinding and blank-book making.)
Printing and publishing, music. (See also 79
Bookbinding and blank-book making.)
Printing and publishing, newspapers and peri- 12,362
odicals. (See also Bookbinding and blank-
book making.)
Printing materials 64
Printing, tip 27
Pulp goods 9
7,886,668
7,100
104,600
614,670
7,000
6,403,994
12,800
132,413
4,913,459 1,679,044
29,036,245
723,086
1,266,669
12,640
1,740,816
26,084.855
1,704,913
3,601,156
137,416
13,321,316
6,270,959
234,325
660,117
54,857
7,063,311
29,568
1,647
2,814
448
9,390
13,746,584
765,181
1,474,788
153,738
5,094,202
2,829,920
21,000
293,000
36,625
129,120
7,958,553
45,625
2,164,836
98,940
324,844
1,147,235
5,919
154,528
12,380
82,753
22,730
89
1,452
176
363
10,450,970
60,088
580,750
102,799
260,669
87,443
299,553
223,067
1,693,023
6,295
421,335
511
1,755
152,175
877,679
20,837,038
88,951
222,166
42,288,596
253,983
713,461
2,069,268
28,263
91,356
12,471
549
899
6,989,478
308,939
538,266
3,781,131
590,878
2,724,227
530,495
1,592,786
145,059
10,432
1,352
6,405,871
988,898
738,056 3,234,415 528,283 4,252 1,767,319
1,965 95,545 l| 1,345 730,996
),057 311,812 10,624 6,845,487
13,150,990
9,678,107
29,335,247
1,121,834
67,146,445
1,816,205
126,269,885
1,370,487
154,910
418,015
3,922,351
3,859,279
999,259
1,085,228
8,113,905 2,590,074 2,437.944
257,065 63,416 116,184
40,295,690 2,569,068 3,005,351
924,777 52,200 33,600
78,760,034 10,409,896 11,769,253
562,878
114,000
228,571
441,910
499,025
2,618,710
1,785,101
3,085,8S7
77,465
34,721,268
838,977
56,580,885
484,322
114,000
115,466
9,228,639 1,276,431 6,919 3,775,305
5,818,828 550,938 5,485 3,304,214
21,221,342 2,492,884 42,513 28,762,611
864,769 101,933 1,348 661,992
26,850,755 10,855,620 58,139 35,874,361
891,428 t 362,117
47,509,851 35,727,039
807,609
40,910
189,471
121,874
26,992
46,228
701
106,095
448,582
68,601,532
486,106
158.600
139,034
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES : 1890— Continued.
15
Num-
ber.
Officers, firm members,
and clerks.
Males above 16
years.
t'ERAGE NOini-i: or loli'l.oYKS AND TOTAL
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Females above
15 years.
Males above 16
years.
Num-
ber.
Num-
ji ber.
Females above
15 years.
Num-
ber.
409,446
965,686
74,532
27,114
10,300
24,729
412,197
8,568
22,644
432,470
29,056
29,702
91,953
88,504
275,494
34,888
69,641
8,886,887
1,995,138
1,599,563
150,174
297,182
40,860
2,007,911
1,021,570
13,080
126,500
28,434
72,900
1,102,892
44,560
115,868
12,840
12,696
! 2
870
1,850
2
1,166
3
i 15
2,220
7,246
2,492 1,550,531 79
6,355,258
395,852
60,281
43,636
44,532
3,248
14,584
3,654
5,452
4,352
130,908
6,242
21,280
881
1,961
46
3,988
14,119
1,624
2,150
425,291
53,596
168,789
759,173
858,811
182,689
3,307,846 421
10,340,749 4,627
440,462 385
1,044,155 240
35,558 361
2,177,014 2,190
9,182,112
45,540
246,311
58,003
151,385
59,772
6,836
4,490
959
12,624
1,864
4,240
1,440
822
8,466
11,153
4,857
10,850
4,078
6,907
135
7,375
6,787,427
168,329
7,925,120
204
209.341
17576
16)197,805
142
39
23
143,500
44,914
27,370
59,870 34,656
1,752 ! 569
300,250 35,780
15,458
1,079,368
424,438
5,233,229
2,700,124
2,217,258
170,084
36,925,542
253,394
98,972
99,418
Num-
ber.
Pieceworkers.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
Num-
ber.
Cost of
materials
used.
Value of
products,
including
receipts
from cus-
tom work
and
repairing.
3,795
4,132
1,977 1,072.1511
48,619
121,729
108,604
1,040
8,854
23,124
1,224
20,916
72,557
20,936
3,454,720
10,470,779
450,442
634,634
231,733
431,231
2,570
1,340
2,870
76,928
939
219,170
1,148,527
100,624
59,015
72,422
558,554
1,250
350
15,968
182
4,312
44,836
34,211
14,523
39,544
118,035
204,486
121,089
150,212
39,076
27,340
96,910 215 18,440
2,175,:
1,324,:
9,213,188
25,766,368
1,515,865
1,002,196
363.400
573,363
19,335,947
255,847
599,720
,184 8,656,530 16
,320 738,680 17
,518 1,603,265 18
,295 3,877,822 19
2,988,525 20
3,505,973 21
2,424,662 22
3,260,766 23
450,814
14,484
1,800
75,501 ; 480 l 122,336 12
7 824 23,102,359
10 1,690 24,930,532
300 3,572,027
|i 85,269
865 11,030,910
547 i 2-l(',KM
18,170
9,819
27,104
708,820
4,361
25,106
13,891,005
59,491
796,378
123,214
235,628
74,309,388
4,179.235
7.431,726
377,456
32,620,182
30,644,072 31
164,450 32
1,687,560 33
351,775 34
' 718,070 35
16 3,473 67,918,723 85, 001, 198 38
| 164,620 624,342 39
560 1 1,107,269 2,121,1
662,756
23,115
117
16
18,663
2,658
210,685
21
2,372
31,368
4,536
15
8
1 ,875 ;!
1,174
200,457
147
25,733
13,719
111
26,441 |
26,234
96,439
2,640,833
475
63
1,382
91,263
5,505
248,486
21,341
24
4,128
2,444,092
5,940
638,913
6,456
12,570
2,426
"8
7
3,108
1,124
805
623 346,509
681 391,309
259 ! 83,939
161 91,178
3,660 2,097,445
38 26,634
12,932 10,034,505
55,285
1
120
86,524
7
1,280
6,266
75
4
520
80,340
16
2,097
8,258
4
600
156
8,218
9
1,665
1,596
778,100
24
3,207
27,262
913
5,328,541 9,790,855 43
4,647,890 11,502,966 46
5,853,709 : 11,960,464 j 47
401,415 1,683,333 51
38,955,322 ! 179,859,750 52
567,638 1,459,434 . 53
114,967 368,601 I 54
122,851 352,582 55
L6
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table 2.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
AVERAGE NUMBER
OF EMPLOYES AND
TOTAL WAGES.
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
1 Pulp, wood 82
2 Pulp from fiber other than wood 7
3 Pumps, not including steam pumps 256
4 Refrigerators 82
5 Regaliaandsociety bannersandemblems. (See 137
also Flags and banners.)
6 Registers, carfare 7
7 Registers, cash 5
8 Rice cleaning and polishing 32
9 Roofing and roofing materials. (See also Tin- 2,140
smithing, coppersmithing, and sheet-iron
working.)
10 Rubber and elastic goods 139
11 Rules, ivory and wood 16
12 Saddlerv and harness 7 931
13 Safes and vaults ' 39
14 Salt 200
15 Sand and emery paper and cloth 9
16 Sausage. (See also Slaughtering.) 249
17 Saws 95
18 Scales and balances 76
19 Screws, machine 20
20 Screws, wood..... 7
21 Sewing machine cases 7
22 Sewing machine repairing 166
23 Sewing machines and attachments 59
24 Shipbuilding 1,010
25 Shirts. (See also Furnishing goods, men's.) 869
26 Shoddy 94
27 Show cases 99
28 Silk and silk goods 472
29 Silversmithing 24
30 Silverware. (See also Plated and britannia 30
Slaughtering and meat packing, wholesale. 611
(See also Lard, refined; Sausage.)
Slaughtering, wholesale, not including meat 507
packing. (See also Lard, refined ; Sausage.)
Smelting and refining 50
Soap and candles. (See also Grease and tal- 578
Soda water apparatus. 12
Sporting goods 136
Springs, steel, car and carriage 57
Stamped ware. (See also Tinsmithing, cop- 99
persmithing, and sheet-iron working.)
Starch g0
Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 200
Steam fittings and heating apparatus. (See 217
also Foundry and machine shop products.)
Steam packing 34
Stencils and brands 106
Stereotyping and electrotyping. (See also 81
Type founding )
Straw goods, not elsewhere specified. (See 6
also Hats and caps, not including wool hats.)
Sugar and molasses, refining 393
Surgical appliances. (See also Artificial limbs.) 155
Tarand turpentine 670
Taxidermy 1 6 3
Teasels 5
Timber products not manufactured at mill 1.606
Tinsmithing, coppersmithing, and sheet-i
working. (See also Roofing and roofing ma-
terials ; Stamped ware.)
Tobacco, chewing, smoking, and snuff I 395
Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes 10,956
Tobacco, stemming and rehandling '292
Tools, not elsewhere specified. (See also Cut 462
lery and edge tools; Hardware.)
Toys and games I39
Trunks and valises. (See also Leather goods.)..! 395
Type founding. (See also Stereotyping and I 38
electrotyping.)
30,841,316 7,526,380 1,463,852 3,204,161 2,858,367
59,517,827 10,193,759 3,323,453 4,077,496 2,792,810
5,735,610 869,735 197,635 482,375 189,725
11,376,622 5,232,7
2,781,185
6,900,756
4,968,309
1,173,652
1,854,899
2,287,971
23,311,936 19,463,749 31,267 .8, 568, 071
49,324,068 17,673,063 : 98,156 TO, 767, 989
4,865,875 424,869 6,504 1,455,946
742,349 1,216,408 3,273,946 6,143,919 835,443 i 7,095 4,144,838
159,050 ! 348,200 666,402 1,607,533 283,592 !! 3,440 I 1,346,850
634,355 668,950 551,594 5,045,857 663,762 6,785 3,513,749
86,500 177,500 2,023,971 2,6S0,338 236,907 il 2,172 1,401,749
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES : 1890— Continued.
17
Num- _
ber. W "8 e8 -
AVERAGE NUMnKR OF EMPLOYES AND TOTAL
Officers, firm members,
and clerks.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
24,200
314,781
217,513
283,998
9,476
37,234
96,160
2,353 2,067,893
,577 5,089,938
292 255,826 I
197 188,174 !
47 52,263 .
73 80,968
19 33,810
134 I 85,567
268 ! 412,171
1,112 ; 1,188,407
1,376 1,426,295
148,567
156,098
1,396 1,852,235
56,498
214,144
2,809
1,019
3,138,108
1,342,114
171,463
208,902
385,795
75,892
134,023
240,479
424,347
227,964
26,914
55,875
1,040
1,452 1,611,541
10903 8,182,002
""6 322,909
261 ,377
712,865
269,350
Wages.
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Males above 16
years.
2,536 $1,043,737
52,581
2,790 1,660
1,420 I 1,542 749,663
22,871 636 328,159
450 90 54,076
624 568 363,418
; | 627 220,768
20,619 10,644 6,390,445
3,613 I 1,846,539
36.869
8,260,550
1,932,460
1,397,591
100,156
16,761
3,412
3,598
356,607
1,301,686
641,616
390,936
357,241
1,950
65,642
3,376
9,312
6,052
23,499
2,575
1,243
1,149
11,478
Females above
15 years.
Num'
ber.
447
564,510
106,455
3,425,590
14,212,969
1,510,621 7,817
532,238 i 405
636,591 4
6,254,114 19007
187,260 ; 13
1,302,637
48,964
7,414
4,596
2,926
2,344
1,300
1,872
4,627
34,601
6,130
138,834
196,787
702,459
2,352,446
232
219,127
197
2,818,631
16
43,002
6
13,337
10
8,298,903
201
4,364,601
1,043
9,372 11,274 3,630,623 6,550
110,927 20,515 9,585,024 8,527
4,520 ! 3,087 ! 710,637 1,215
5,842 4,787 ' 2,627,648 J 112
10,044
10,134
10,888
749,257
1,824,420
482,933
18,364
1,323
5,602
19,243,991
471
3,735,117
3
950,000
2,982,056
1
972
496,284
13
444,502
462
4,752
177,664
2,272
2,260,224
796
300
238,784
3,515
109,694
857
190,206
316
1,560
61,161
404,784
115
42,808
29
14
17
8,038
5,602
10,143
1,265,960
2,327,476
188,752
101,228
58,522
71,083
1,777
10,750
1,580
45,131
4,102
5,916
Pieceworkers.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
16,025
42,108
254,373
23,772
71,998
26,344
17,513
2,700
14,136
407,321
119,989
8,887
400
69,415
2,375
21,768
4,362
71,211
2,054
2,301
11,464
19 ! 7,599
4,615 2,335,574
364 ! 192,333
457 148,356
352 , 240,731
565 255,133
1,059,292
592,142
1,047,458 17,746 4,348,166
2,012
66,203
3,095,417
655,135
253,647
225, S97
283,342
49,685
48,331
41,074
66,363
260,405
585,684
3,056
2,920
79,011
11,860
6,403
72,761
72,825
2',446,'275
527 l 130,623
Num-
ber.
3,668 952,199 4,014
18,937 19,281,741 15,687
717 I 105,296 426
20,808
36,222
2,652
11,684
9,419
20,493
998
2,268
2,860
'9,513
2,500
600
9,467
Cost of
materials
used.
Value of
products,
including
receipts
from cus-
tom work
and
repairing.
$2,005,166 $4,627,796
126,902 524,243
1,681,275 4,103,410
2,377,958 4.513,616
1,246,906 3,203,890
32,618 141,320
222,576 1,281,500
5,601,206 6,693,196
14,712,379 29,412,813
11,113,528 18,708,917
34,325 154,173
24,674,225 52,970,801
2,635,313 6,641,844
1,826,770 5,484,618
781,505 1,249,647
1,935,170
2,346,401
867,955
331,701
900,676
3,055,367
5,572,992
2,322,744
1,183.341
2,326,645
1,119,:
2,219,
5,229,:
107,758,811 123,118,259
524,488 1,650,033
2,874,693
37,727
50,362
8,077,379
231,773
84,700
15,842 1,340
21,422 373
19,422
7,372
774,640 1,549 97,839 29,192,249 65,843,587
4 H47.2S9 1,134 150,188 50,298,960 129,693,275
64,867 ! 127 9,280 12,813,108 16,209,761
3,517,269 10 528,025
538 340,431
67,219
92 15,045
1,453,738
3,749,755
21 ,264
51 9,932
4,703,982
10,821,621
210,577
60 9,115
1,434,092
3,916,904
20
990,439 2,249,551 21
86,816 385,941 22
3,502,173 12,823,147 ! 23
16,925,109 40,342.115 24
15,704,353 33,638,593 25
26
366,993,662 433,252,315
113,968,549 1128,359,353
1,016,202 2,711,879
:, 709, 449
,331,571
1,475,271
,003,372
732,611
:,183,>jU9
US— 3
18
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
Table 2.— THE UNITED STATES, BY
MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.
Num-
ber of
estab-
lish-
ments
port-
ing.
CAPITAL.
Miscel-
laneous
expenses.
AVERAGE NUMBER
OF EMPLOYES AND
TOTAL WAGES.
Aggregate.
Value of plant.
Live assets.
Aggregates.
Total.
Land.
Buildings.
Machin-
ery, tools,
and im-
plements.
Aver-
age
num-
ber.
Total
wages.
1
30
435
152
140
15
694
163
32
45
4,502
19
9
26
81
77
182
24
569
4
872
167
32
1,311
143
8
12
$1,421,783
5,616,289
4,427,654
11,308,943
175,225
5,858,395
1,712,953
661,784
4,727,100
6,057,125
10,106,114
221,358
1,116,359
1,632,404
2,463,231
4,167,457
11,607,685
11,757,902
262,718
7,825,668
2,711,609
4,142,221
130,989,940
68,085,116
1,007,320
2,952,222
$615,948
897,622
1,441,558
2,703,849
35,250
3,685,561
588,735
361,250
1,495,991
3,251,016
4,941,217
12,575
433,816
357,958
716,106
1,300,655
5,297,694
5,178,999
241,000
3,930,607
1,474,902
1,194,389
57,820,243
27,890,810
553,500
2,036,050
$35,350
159,350
343,629
743,525
3,000
880,388
100,580
55,500
127,850
877,854
679,971
$47,050
187,303
467,290
1,083,116
1,500
1,188,302
184,379
56,100
404,500
818,144
1,554,510
$533,548
550,969
630,639
877,208
30,750
1,616,871
303,776
249,650
963,641
1,555,018
2,706,736
12,575
155,830
212,252
355,967
703,855
2,863,320
2,882,332
186,000
2,386,470
618,689
668,934
31,952,849
17,085,176
305,500
1,151,855
$805,835
4,748,667
2,986,096
8,605,094
139,975
2,172,834
1,124,218
300,534
3,231,109
2,806,079
5,164,897
208,783
682,543
1,274,446
1,747,125
2,866,802
6,309,991
6,578,903
21,718
3,895,061
1,236,707
2,947,835
73,169,697
40,194,306
453,820
916,172
$119,773
961,328
244,043
1,310,811
25,388
355,334
82,444
29,099
443,175
1,047,575
733,404
13,297
86,125
245,962
171,781
1,298,181
447,480
858,877
13,385
624,837
200,961
249.568
8,402,623
4,917,760
76,723
219,518
1,735
6,863
3,479
1,851
205
3,388
1,239
563
3,869
8,647
6,675
79
620
1,087
1,295
2,399
7,804
; 7,917
95
8,430
3,101
3,592
79,351
43,593
! 1,082
1,748
$1,078,203
3,204,797
1,454,062
1,749,061
160,594
1,149,069
589,523
292,497
2,116,286
5,516,595
3,688,927
53,713
297,508
544,522
691,583
1,437,771
4,183,802
3,983,209
42,009
4,226,923
1,237,334
1,363,944
28,478,931
15,880,183
653,096
622,080
3
Upholstery materials. (See also Carpets and
rugs, other than rag ; Woolen goods ; Worsted
goods.)
5
Vault lights and ventilators. (See also Foun-
dry and machine shop products.)
8
Watch and clock materials. (See also Clock
cases and materials.)
10
Watch, clock, and jewelry repairing. (See also
Jewelry.)
Whalebone and rattan. (See also Baskets
and rattan and willow ware.)
110,811
51,094
134,723
205,900
928,655
917,012
37.000
637,509
319,668
144,350
6,534,819
2,842,769
80,000
179,276
167,175
94,612
225,416
390,900
1,505,719
1,379,625
18,000
906,628
506,515
381,105
19,332,575
7,962,865
168,000
704,919
18
Wirework, including wire rope and cable.
(See also Mattresses and spring beds.)
20
Wood, turned and carved. (See also Lumber,
planing mill products, including sash, doors,
and blinds.)
23
24
25
Woolen goods. (See also Carpets and rugs,
other than rag; Felt goods ; Gloves and mit-
tens ; Hosiery and knit goods.)
a Industries in which less than three establishments are reported are grouped in order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments.
These establishments are distributed as follows : fuel, artificial, 2 ; phonographs and graphophones, 2 ; racking hose, 1 ; rubber, vulcanized, 1 ; sugar and molasses,
beet, 2; thread, linen, 2 ; tinfoil, 2.
TOTALS FOR THE UNITED STATES.
SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES : 1890— Continued.
19
Officers] firm members,
and clerks.
Males above 16
years.
Num-
ber.
S 126, 154
721,637
229,938
425,098
156,750
51,138
Females above
15 years.
173 ! 212,763
3,803 2,645,708
44,579
140,070
126,995
413,517
323,832
872,028
12,692
883,549
211 182,411
89 I 112,661
2,355 2,310,323
923,838
38,270
59,848
S6.573
47,300
2,210
NUMBER OF EMPLOYES AND TOTAL WAGES— COlltjr
Operatives, skilled and unskilled.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
Num-
ber.
3656,143 154
1,348,737 1,831
778,629 554
1,740 438 190,623
1,310 530 261,669
8,813 1,077 541,580
706,555
346,516
197,902
Wages.
$46,759
575,218
168,778
9,140
4,827
29,834
4,510
1,301
29,414
11,379
""2, '600
1,523
7,363
4,585
17,962
1,017
805,563
3,717,636
2,209,385
29,317
3,050,088
105,581
12,952
122,535
772,335 , H 3,436
619,606 523 118,547
16,307,265 25672 7,120,875
613,926
352,476
5,089,269
" '159,404
Pieeeworkrrs.
Males above 16
years.
Females above
15 years.
Num-
ber.
3241,270 3
140,666 1,093
169,945 338
1,291
3,379
2,098
3,645
18,212
1,026
1,470
11,415
16,948
668,963
Sl,050
347,615
78,645
2,326 1,472,244 1,'
59,510
62,980
10,825
82,651
123,778
592,759
19,631
2,000
115,683
449 200,613
242,607 117 15,966
360,424 598 133,114
1,780 752,058 4,487 1,250,399
2,355
4,654
1,337
39,034
Cost of
materials
used.
Value of
products,
including
receipts
from cus-
tom work
and
repairing.
3632,723 33,630,126
7,562,921 13,771,927
3,013,253 5,733,039
3,268,455
1,354,550
314,674
6,649,300
2,489,175
787,310
637,720 1,185,565 13
821,614 2,153,818 14
1,123,947 2,475,050 15
5,341,874 9,239,669 16
15,038,540 22,012,804 17
8,325,435 15,552,857 18
1,498,773 3,597,602 21
2,802,041 5,329,921 22
82,270,335 133,577,977 ! 23
50,706,769
2,005,682
1,773,808
79,194,652 , 24
2,976,730 25
3,142,145 26
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