Facsimile & text of the Book of Taliesin

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msm^m

THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY

OF CALIFORNIA

LOS ANGELES

GIFT OF

FREDERIC THOMAS BLANCHARD

FOR THE

ENGLISH READING ROOM

(5\0JLJi oiiL..

<3L-

I(j)bj)r Caltessin.

Polumc \x. of tt)e

Eight hundred Copies of this IVorh were printed

at the Pri-jate Press of the Editor in igoo-04;

Nos. I — 125 on Japanese Vellum paper;

126 — ^75 on toned linen-made paper;

2j6 — 4^0 on deckled-edge paper :

4SI — 800 have Text only.

mj^ii

jTacsimile t Ce^t

of tf)t

i^oofe of Caliesm

KcproDuceD $ oBDitcD

l|?on. i«.a.. t t?on. D. Litt. (a^xon.)
l^on, 3D, titt. (MaaUfl).

Keis a vedrich, ac a elite h guna.

tlanficDtog, J^. CQales :
JooucO to stubjjcribrrjj onlj».

i-ft.D^cac.x.

Withdrawn

2}

<:li'hi is deserted, & taliesin

is jettisoned. There is no oracle left to
consult, and no lecture-room open that
names the name of Taliesin. The learned
who write in Encyclopedias are like the
bards at the Court of Deganwy — in the
presence of Taliesin they become mute mutterers of
Blerwm, hlerwm.^ This is very remarkable when we
recall the fact that our earlier and better poets esteemed
Taliesin as their ' chief,' and most assuredly they were
right. What then is the explanation of the neglect,
not to say bo)xot, of our time? The mtinuscript*' which
contains his poetical works is beautifully' written, and
one of the easiest to read. Alas, it is also one of the
most difificult to understand, because it is among the
least faithful of transcripts. The manifest corruptions
of the text provide a luxurious excuse for doing
nothing to such as take their ease in the Halls of
learning. But is there no way of removing the lion
from the path? I believe so; and I venture to hope
that something has been done in that direction by
the provision of a text which reproduces all the
features of the original, both in collotj'pc Facsimile
and in typography. Every worker can thus examine
the materials in their earliest known form, and
in his own workshop. lie who has eyes to see
will learn much from the Facsimile as to the ways

a .See I Lines T.iliesin in L<idy Guest's M.ibinogion, Vol. iii. p. 337.
b Pcni.irth M.S. 2, now in the National Library of Wales. The Facsimile
Ix'tlurs any description of it. See Introduction, p. .\Iiii., f.n.76; and Text p. 81.

B.T. 1.

Pre-
face

n*2 J?!M>

and idiosyncracics of the scribe ; he will see how

various errors must have arisen, and make discoveries
Pre

which otherwise had been impossible for him. He is in

no sense de[>endent on the personal equation of the pre-
sent editor, for he can test the printed page against the
Facsimile. The foundation being thus well and truly
laid, the stability of any superstructure attempted will
depend on the skill and efficiency of the architect and
workman engaged. And if a word of warning may be
offered, it is this : Let no one take the ' labels ' on trust,
but make sure that they have the signification he
attaches to them. In the Introduction an attempt
has been made to focus attention on the necessity and
value of this preliminary inquiry. There is no source
more fruitful of error than to read modern ideas into old
geographical names, which are ever changing their con-
notation, as human struggles shift the boundaries. For
e.xample Pr>'dein and Germania,<^ in the twelfth century,
meant very different areas from what they do to-day, or
may have on the morrow. Without a specialized study
of Historical Geography, no lasting progress is possible
in the knowledge and understanding of a text like that
of Taliesin. Words, too, have to be examined, and
understood in the sense in which the author used
them — not in the sense they may have in our day.
We trip most grievously over words the most familiar,
because it does not occur to us to examine their mean-
ing historically. It is not enough to verify our refer-
ences ; we must verify everything. We must also
catechise the author at every opportunity. His allu-
sions to historical persons and events enable us to fix

c Gerniaiiia in llie 12th century comprehended Denmark, Norw.ay, Sweden.

>'♦. B.T.

dates, before which he had not written, for compositions
do not ante-date their subject, be it of battle or person,
a paean or elegy. If the internal evidence, supported
by linguistic and grammatical considerations, proves
that our text was written in the twelfth century and
after, it is sheer lunacy to claim for any part of it a
sixth century origin. That Taliesin flourished in the
middle of the twelfth century there can be no manner
of doubt ; and he was held in such high esteem that his
manner, his style was imitated.'^ ' But,' it has been ob-
jected, 'there might have been another Taliesin who lived
in the si.xth century.' Where is the evidence for this
ghost, this birth of fraud, this tattle of public platforms ?
Might-have-been is not evidence, but the offspring of
indolent belief, which shirks the effort to think. To say
this is to fly in the face of that Providence which pro-
vides for the sim[)le, but the man who has seen a truth
cannot be as if he had not seen it. Sooner or later
truth will out, and will be proclaimed on the housetops.
Bann gwir ban Siscleir — bannach ban leveir, 353=11.59.

A variety of evidence has been examined in the
Introduction, and need not be recapitulated here.'^
One subject, however, remains. The transformation
passages, which are a feature of Taliesin, have not
been discussed.^ They occur in several places ;S seem-
ingly they bear no very definite relation to their setting.
It is doubtful if the doctrine of transmigration was ever
in the poet's mind, for some of the '/ have bcens' are his-

d See Red Book Poetry iC6'38 ; M. 2143 ; cp. M. i69"28.
e The Introduction to the Book of .Aneirin contains important additional
matter, wliich develops and confirms the Historical argument.
f See Mr. S. Hartland's Perseus, vol. ii., p. 56.
g Sce2a'i9-24, 239-17, 26'20-22, 4819-23, 71 '8-18.

B.T. Hi.

Tal-
ies-
in's
age

torict"il.'> Mad Talicsiii been a Greek scliolar he might
have been inspired by tiie lines of Empedocies who sang:
rans Whenever one of ihe il;ienions, whose portion is length of days,
pollutes his hands with blood he must wander thrice ten thou-
'"^ sand seasons from the abode of the blessed, being born through-
lions m|( j|,g lime jn all manner of mortal forms, changing one
toilsome path of life for another. ... J have been a youth,
& a maiden, & a bush, & a bird & a gleaming fish in the sea.'
We also meet with the following transformation passage
in Amergin's verse, reputed to be the oldest in Irish :
I am the wind which breathes upon the sea, I am the wave of
the ocean, 1 am the murmur of the billows, I am the o\ in the
seven combats, i am the vulture upon the rock, I am a beam of
the sun, I am the fairest of plants, 1 am a wild boar in valour,
1 am a salmon in the water, I am a lake in the jilain, I am a
word of science, I am the point of the lance, I am the vital
spark of thought. Who throws light into the meeting on the
mountain ? Who knows the couch whereon the sun rests P''
At Hasingwerk Abbey, or at the Court of Owein Gwyn-
eS in Tegeingl, Taliesin might very well have met an
Irishman, or Irish scholar who repeated these lines of
Amergin in his hearing. Their novelty and freshness
are striking — are such as were likely to haunt a poet of
the temperament of Taliesin, and to bear fruit during
\ his rambles over the wastes of ILwy venyS, where the
vervain beset his path and enchanted his imagination.
I was in many a guise . . I was an eagle . . 1 was for a time in
the sky observing the stars . . I was a drop in the shower . .
1 was a great current on the slopes . . I was a wave in the plains . .
I was a young sahiion . . I was a King-fisher . . I was a speckled
snake on the hill . . I was a dragon in the lake . . I was a string
in the harp of enchantment . . I am a bard and harpist . .
I am the lyrist of eulogy . . Whence the brightness on the height ?«
h See 817, 241, 33'23. 48 22, 71 19-22.

i See Early Greek Philosophy by Prof. John Burnet; .-iiid .\ncient
Greek Liler.ilurc by Prof. Gilljert Murr.iy.

iv. B.T.

It is fatuous folly to imagine that early Welsh literature
is a thing apart. This creative parallelism between
Taliesin and Amergin is too close to be mere coin- .
cidence, especially when we remember that GrififyS ap ^^^^
Kynan, born of an Irish mother, could not grow up
amid the culture and traditions of an Irish court without
ac(]uiring and spreading them. The fact that we have
a life of GriffyS' suggests that he brought in his train
a man versed in letters, for there is no biograph)^
of any other Kymric prince. Foreign ecclesiastics
had also followed the Norman conqueror — scholarly
men whose knowledge of the classics was superior to
the clergy of this country.'" We see, in the many His-
tories that were written in the course of the twelfth
century that a more bracing intellectual atmosphere
had entered the island with the advent of the Normans,
whose cosmopolitan character yielded fresh impulses in
literature as in all other things. They were dominant
in the lordships Marcher from Chester to Pembroke,
and made their idioms and their ideas familiar to the
Kelts, among whom new hopes and ancient memories
awoke. Writers of a mixed nationality arose, whose
light still shines. Moreover the Crusades brought west-
ern races into intercourse with each other and the east,
thus vitalising the ideals and sympathies of the time
and enlarging its outlook. Add to this the presence of
joglars," and troubadours such as Bernart de Venta-

k See A Literary History of Ireland by Dr. Douglas Hyde. I have
to thank Dr. Mary Will:arns for reminding nie of the above passage.

1 Life ofGr.ap Kynan edited by Arthur Jones, M.A., Manclicster Univ. I'ress.

m See Book ii. of li. Ten Brink's Early English Literature.

n Joglar :> L.jocularis; in our Laws 'Joculatores' are translated 'cerddor-
ion.' Trobador f. trobar = F. irouver, f. LL. *troparc, to make poetry, cp. f.n. 66.

B.T. V.

Nor
-man

influ
-cnce

dorii in the train of Eleanor, queen of Henry II., and we
can better realize tiic atmosphere in which the Book of
Tahesin was produced. It is in every particular the
child and growth of the creative Norman period.

"It was upon the invention of new strophic forms and melodies
that the poet mainly founde'd his claim to the title of troubadour,
i.e. the finder, as opposed to the jongleur who recited the songs
of others, or handed down the tradition of popular poetry."

"Khymc took the place of assonance ; it no longer merely tied
successive verses, but as alternating or inserted rhyme . . . often
falling within the verse, or uniting the close of a line with the be-
ginning of the next . . . Various metres were gradually em-
ployed . . . (followed by) a technical classification of the lyrical
divisions, which received special names, determined ])artly by the
subject-matter and partly by the form. Thus we have the vers
to designate the simpler song-form of the older troubadours j the
clianso for the artistically developed love-song ; the sirventes for
the political or moral song, composed in the service of a lord;
the scn'ice-pocm inlcuded also the crusader's song & the elegy •» . .
The Hook of Taliesin consists almost entirely of sirventes.
There is some vers, but no trace of the chanso, or love-song.

The glory of Aranrod's looks exceeds summer dawn
is the solitary female touch. The metres should be com-
pared with those used by the troubadours, & clerici vag-
antes, as well as with later examples of the Kymric muse.°
The genesis of the companion small volume (ii.), con-
taining an amended text with translation into English,
is set forth in the remarks which preface it. The
Notes at the end of this volume (i.) are largely supple-
mentary, explanatory, alternative, or corrective of
volume ii. The Notes also refer to historical parallels
which it will be wise to consult. Neither a poet's allu-

o Mr. T. Gwynn Jones of the University College of W.iles has written a
paper on the metres of Taliesin. This paper was lent to me. 1 hope it will be
published somewhere. See Preface, voL ii.

vi. B.T.

sion, nor the comment thereon can convey much mean-
ing to a mind that is blank as to the mode of thought

and history of the poet's time. First aid naturally

auth-
comes from the Bruts, and from the poems of Gwalch-

mei, KynSel, and ILywarch, the bard of Mochnant ; ^^gg
also from Lewis's Topographical Dictionary. Then
those portions of the twelfth century Chronicles, which
record events contemporary with their historians, are in-
dispensable to the right understanding of the age of
Taliesin. The Domesday survey of the hundred of
Atiscross, and of the Marchian districts bordering on the
Dee and the Severn must not be neglected. The above
were and are the chief guides and authorities, the main
props and stay of the editorial work, which was prac-
tically done when Prof. Lloyd's History of Wales ap-
peared. The materials culled from non-Kymric sources,
and Prof. Lloyd's comments thereon were, however, of
considerable service to me while revising the proof-
sheets. For the second volume of the History of Wales I
desire to acknowledge my obligation. Let us hope that
some one, who can read Welsh and write English, will
do similar work for the Kymric material still unused.

Precise dates are often difficult of ascertainment. I
have tried to follow the lead of Prof. Lloj'd who, how-
ever, hides his light rather frequently beneath a phrasing
which baffles my comprehension.

Notes beginning with '? read' hoists the storm signal.
In great difficulties the 'wise observe a golden silence';
and yet it was not the silent goose that saved Rome.
A query and a suggestion challenge attention —
a bad suggestion rouses the desire to castigate, which
amounts occasionally to an inspiration in the attacking

B.T. viK

party. I have never received an inspired answer to a
'wise' question; but the imprudent sort is apt to find a
hot response. Better, then, a 'howler' that may herald
the li^ht, than all the respectability of^empty silence. I
am content to become the whipping-boy of light & truth.

The sign of equation ' = ' has, for the sake of brevity,
been used loosely in a variet)' of .senses such as equivalent,
denotes, refers to, means here, is used for, to wit.

Finally, it gives me much pleasure to record mj-
indebtedness to Mr. E. C. Quiggin, of Caius College,
Cambridge, for looking over most of the proof-sheets
of the Introduction,? and Notes. His objection.s,
criticisms, hints, 'i and contributions were, in turn, equally
helpful. I owe thanks also for the Register of Voters
for the County of Flint, to Mr. Herbert Lewis, M.P. —
for the county of Denbigh, to Mr. E. T. John, M.P.— for
Anglesey and Cheshire, to their respective County
Councils. Mr. Henry Taylor of Chester very kindly
lent me old maps shewing the former channels of the
Dee, and gave freely of his knowledge of the district.
I have also seen, in proof, a number of sheets of the forth-
coming part of Owen's Pembrokeshire,"" the noble

gift of my friend, Dr. Henry Owen of Poyston.
«

J. Qwenogvryn Evans.

Trem'uin, IJanhcdrog
March 20, 191 5.

p The Introduction w.is rcid, in March 1914. Ixjfore the Welsh Society at
Cambridge; and towards the end of theycirat the University College of Wales.

q 1 have not always observed the wise caution recommended, because 1
desire to provoke others to express their views.

r Mr. F-gerton Phillimore's multitudinous Notes and Appendices are a great
and valuable feature of this work.

Vl'^. B.T.

Introduction.

J

He who lias accepted assertions cares not for reasoning, f

"mong the bards of wales tradition

assigns the first place to Taliesin, whose
name occurs, with several others, in the ex-
tract' following: — "Ida, the son of Eobba,
held the regions 'on the east side of Add-
that is, on the Umbrian coast. Ida ruled ida-
years, and won Durham from Beriiicia. nien-
Dutigirn was, at that time, bravely struggling with '"">
«he Anglian race. Talhaearn, father of the Muse,
Vl-as in those days renowned in poetry, & Neirin,
& Taliesin, & Bluchbard, & Kian who is called the
Flower of Song.^ They shone together, at the same
time, in Britannic poetry." Now Ida founded the
kingdom of Northumbria in the year 547, and died
in 559. Thus we have a precise statement that a
man of the name of Taliesin, who wrote poetry in
the Britannic tongue, lived in the middle of the sixth
century. Our authority is one of the additional
documents' at the end of the work which bears

I Rrit. Mus. Harleian MS. 3859, fol. i88b, 11. 6~ii. For a printed Latin
text, see note 3 infra, and Introduction to the Book of A neirin, where
the date and authenticity of the Additional matter, following the Historia
Brittonum of Kennius, .are discussed. Cert.ain items in the Welsh Gene-
alogies arc demonstrably not earlier than iioo. f Tal., ii. 65-5.

2 Talhaearn figures as a divine in our poems. Bluchbard is not otherwise
known ; and Kian is too shadowy for identification. The whole passage looks
like a mistranslation of a paragraph in Welsh. See note on Talhaearn.

B.T. £ vii

J. the name of Nennius3, who was alive^ in 796, or up-
wards of two centuries after the time of Taliesin. The
mus

earliest manuscript of the Historia Britonnum' was
written after 11 25. Thus over five centuries intervene
between the bard and the record, a period long enough
to wear away the sharp edges of fact, and to rob truth
of essential features. The alleged evidence is, at
best, second hand, and purely dogmatic. It is not
■ supported by an)- detail. There is no hint that XenniusS
had seen a line of any poem by the bards named, nor
are we vouchsafed a word as to the themes of any one
of the five.' We have a bald statement, which, though
it is no worse than much of the material that goes to
the building of Histor)-, yet requires to be closely
scrutinized.

This we shall now attempt to do by directing atten-
™ tion to the earliest recorded use of certain words in our
text. Just as the archaeologist, when he e.xcavates the
site of some ancient city finds the various forms of
its civilization arranged in chronological strata, so we
find evidences of each past generation and its activi-
ties in the superimposed strata of our vocabulary. A
student of English in the year 2500 will have no diflS-
culty in finding out the precise time at which such
words as steamer, railway, radium, dreadnought, wire-
less telegraphy, aeroplane first came into the language,

3 Historia Rrillonum cum additamcntis Nennii in the Monumtnt.i
Gcrm.inice Historica Series. Tome XIII.. part L Edited by Prof. Zimmcr.

4 See DicL of Nat. Biography, and Prof. Lloyd's History of Wales, p. 224.

SN'cnnius and Ncnnian are used convention.illy for brevity, but I wish
to distinguish thrniighont between the Hist. Krittonum and the .Additional
m attcr, — the former nny. the latter cannot be the work of Nennius.

VMS

B.T.

without consulting books of reference. If he find none
of them in Shakespeare or Johnson, and only some ***
of them in Carlyle and Ruskin, he will quickly arrive
at sound conclusions. Similarly, if we trace words
like Prydein, Prydyn, Brytanyeit, Brython,
Brithon, Brithion, Kymry, Reged, & Godeu to
their earliest occurrence we shall learn something that \
will interest not a few of us. Caesar uses Britannia
for the island, and Britanni for the people of Britain.
Gildas also uses Britanni, but in the restricted sense, in
which Xennius & his successors* emplov Brittonesf for

the older peoples. Britannia, however, survives all

-ein
vicissitudes, though it suffers a great change as a geo-
graphical expression. As Saxons, and other foreign in-
truders, pushed the earlier population westward before
them the area of Britannia^ contracted more and more /
with the retreat westward, till, in the twelfth century, it
meant nothing more than the districts occupied by the
native people. It is precisely at this stage that Prydein;|2
appears in our text as an expression for the country ly-
ing west of a line drawn from Caer lleon upon Usk to
Caer lleon on the Dee, or Chester ; and the inhabitants

* Down to alx)ut 1125. fThe term Briltones is older than Nennius.

I!y Britto, Martial and Juvenal mean a Breton ; .Ausonius, a Briton. See
Lewis and Short's Latin Dictionary.

6 See Index to the Book of Llan Dav. The bards of the twelfth century all
agree in their use of Prydein for Wales alone. Meilyr sings of Gr. ap Kynan
as: Pascadur cynrein. Prydein briawd. .Mvv : 140a. Gwalchniei sings of
OweinGwynedd as: Gwyndeym Prydein. IB. 143a. Prydein allweddawr,
oUyneiddaw. IB. 144a. Teithiawg Prydein. IB. 145a. Kynddel calls Owein ;
bugeil Prjdein. IB. 150 ; urddawl ben, priawd nen Prydein. IB. 152. sec also
IB. 150b, 151b, 153b, 159b, i6ob, i88a ; he cills Llywelyn : add Prydein
IB. 189b: and Llywarch calls D. ap Owein Gwyndeyxn Prydein. IB. 201.
Tr.aethadur Prydein «y\', says Gwynvardd Brycheiniog. IB. 193b.

B.T. ix

tliLTCof, the Hrittoiics appear as Hrytlmn in WeLsli.

'^ The Ilarlcian' manuscript of Nennius, and the earlier

parts of Annales Cambric know nothing of Gualia

and Gualenses, which make their first appearance in

. foreitrn documents, such as the Woodstock Concordia7

of 1 1 26, between bishop Urban and carl Robert of

• I Gloucester. In the Historia Region BriliUuiie,^ finished

about 1136, Geoffrey of Monmouth set himself against

' the degenerate use of Hritaniiia and Britanni,

adding that the "customary dissensions had so caused

this proud people to degenerate that they could no

longer keep their foes at a distance. And . . . they were

. no longer called Brittones, but "Gualenses." It is

significant that the term Kjmrj' takes the place of

Prydein for the first time in Brul y Tyuyssogion in the

^"' year 1135; and that Gualenses displaces Brittones
-rv

in the AnnalesCamhrie in 1 136. Moreover it is pertinent

to observe in this connection that principes Britannic are

rendered by tywyssogion Cymry in the I'rivilegium of St.

Teilo,'° a fact of threefold significance : a. it shows that

Britannia and Kymry are synonymous; b. that the

Latin text was written after 1 125; and c. that the

Welsh translation is, inferentially, not earlier than 1135.

7 Book of Llan Dav. pp. 27 — 29.

8 In Ihe Rule MS. , Ihis work is dc-dicitod lo Rolwrt of Gloucester. This could
occur only when he wi\s friendly wilh King Slephen. as has been pointed out
by others. Conip.Are Ward's Catalogue of Romances in the Department
of MSS. in the Brit. Museum, Vol. r. , pp. 203 — 222.

9 "jam vocalianlur Britones sed Gualenses." Cp. Bruts, p. 255. This is
an echo of the resolution of Ilenry I., in 11 14 to abolish the " Britannic name":
Bruts, 29221. In the Domesday survey of 1086, Walensis is used for
the Kymro, and terra Walensis, usually, for his country, though one meets
here and there wilh Walia and Walls.

10 Book of Llan Dav, p. 120.

X B.T.

It is not till 1 163 that we meet with y Kymry", as a
translation of Gualenses, for the people of Wales.

The term Brytanyeit is confined to late twelfth
century prose works "based on Latin originals, such as
the Bruts, Maxen's Dream, and the Adventure
of LluS and Llevelys.'- Our early poetry knows
nothing of " Brytanyeit," for the obvious reason that no
poetry was written in the " Britannic" period.! The
Britanni had changed their name to Brittones before
the Welsh muse was yoked to song ; and, as might be
e,xpected, our earliest poems furnish instances of the
use of Brython which, however, for obvious reasons
had but a short career. As the Welsh rendering of
Scotti was Brithon, vel Brithion, confusion with
Brython was inevitable. And to this day learned
professors, writing on our history and literature, do not
appear to have noticed the distinction. The scribes,
too, were often blind to the difference between Brython
and Brt'thon ; and the copyist of our poems was no
exception. '3

What then is the lesson to be drawn from the statistics
of the occurence, in our text, of the words we have
e.xamined ? We meet with Brython in association with
Prydein in eleven poems; and both in association
with Kymr)- in five other poems. Then wc meet with
Kymry by itself in nine poems more.'3 This is evi-

II Hruts, p. 323. The earlier parts of the Bijas^wcre translated and com-
pili-d after 1194. The evidence of Welsh usage in its text is not trustworthy,
except ill so far ;is it may reflect changed terms in its originals. In the case
of Prydein and I'rydyn the Bruts reflect the confused us;igc of the second
half of the .\m. Century. 12 See White Book Mabinogion. Cols. 178—200.

t i.e., before the time of Nennius. Brytanyeit is a mongrel form.

>3 These figures refer to instances in the MS. text ; but see Index and Notes.

B.T. xi

Bry-
tan-
yeit

Brith
-ion

xiith
cen-
tury
use

Reg
-«d

dence conclusive of a transition period. The Bards of
1 1 50-1225 show a similar practice. '■♦ Gwalchmei
( I I 50-70) has four instances each of l'r}dein and Kyinry :
KynSel's (1160-1210) has five instances of Prydein,
one of Hr)'thon, two of Brythyon, and eight of Kymry :
ILywarch, brydyS yMochnantf (1175-1225), has
three Prydein, two Brython, and eight Kymry. Taliesin
was certainly contemporary with Gwalchmei and
KynSel, for all three sing to Owcin GwyneS, who died
in 1170. Taliesin, therefore, lived in the xiith century.

Before the evidence of the historical poems is ad-
duced, it will help us to visit the chief theatre of their
themes. First comes Rheged, a .sort of Wandering few
among Welsh Archaeologists. Bede, Nennius, Asser, the
Saxon Chronicle, Annales Cambrie, the early Genealo-
gies, Aneirin, and even the Latin original of Geoffrey's
Historia know nothing of this Rheged. It makes its
earliest appearance in the poems of Taliesin, and the
Black Book of Carmarthen, 92- 13. Then it occurs twice
in the Dingestow Court manuscript of the Brut, as a
rendering of Murefensium, of which Uranus is king.
The translator of Geoffrey's Latin text was, it is clear,
familiar with the Taliesin poems; because he confounds
Uri(in-us with Urbgen i.e. Urien and, by association of
ideas, adds " Reged " at a venture. Murefensium, in the
first instance of its occurrence, retains its form as Mur-
eiff in the Dingestow Court manuscript ; but some

14 The dates given here are derived from the internal evidence of the poems,
and cover the s i n g i n g period of their authors, not their years of life.

15 The archaic orthography of this poet's name has led to its mis-pronuncia-
tion as a trisyllable, Kyn-ddcl'-w, instead of Kyn'-ddelw. As in cevn-den»,
cousin, it is better to drop the final -w. lCliz,alx;thans wrote Kyn-ddel, just
as we write cevn-der. t Always mistakenly written : " Prydydd y moch."

xii B.T.

copyist had the happy thought of glossing it as " the
land otherwise known as Rheged." And the learned of
all ages and eminence have trod the path of faith, lost
in ' wandering thoughts ' and notions vain, without once
verifying their references.'^ Now, a careful reading of
our text shows plainly that Oswestry lies at the centre
of Rheged, which means a Run or March, for it is
obviously a metathesis of Rhedeg. KynSel sings :
Horns blare .... on the borders of Chester coun-
try . . . gold is the boon of the wayfarers of Rhedeg.
Cyrn cenyn . . . ar dervyn Caer ITeon ....
aur anreg Redeg rodolion. >7

Again Howel, son of Owein GwyneS, approaching it from
the south, mounts his Roan, travelling from Maclcnj-S
to the land of Rheged in one night.

Esgyneis, ar Velyn, o VaelenyS
hyd yn-hir Reged rhwng nos a dyS.'S

Rheged thus lies between the border of the earldom of
Chester and a night's ride from Radnorshire. In other
words it was, apparently, conterminous with the
Domesday hundred of Mersete'9, which included
the duos fines of Kynlleith and Edernion. This old
buffer territory corresponded with the Asaphian Dean-
eries of Marchia'9 and Edernion^°, and would,

i6 The passages referred to correspond with Bruts I94'i4, and 200'i4=
Giles's Latin text 165-32, and lyi'S- For an account of Dingestow Court
MS. sec Bruts. p. .\iii ; and for the passages where Rheged is omitted see
Bruts igi'3i = Giles i63'i5; Bnits 230'20 = GiIes 20f2i.

17 Brit. Mus. Addl. MS. 14869 fol. 47b, 11. 18, ig. 23; and Myv. i53a-57.

18 Ibid fol. 233'9-io ; and My\'. 198b. n-12.

19 Mer-sete = March-sitters ; border-settlers: maere = bound.ary. Cp.
Sonier-set = Gwlad yr hav. Marchia, like Rhedeg = lK)rder-land. which is,
here," (he fag-end of M e r c i a .

20 The full name of this Deanery was "Edernion and PenUyn." The
Penllyn half w^is not in " Mersete." For a list of Deaneries, with their
parishes, .see V Cynvmrodor. Vol. -XXII., pp. 25 — 124. 1910.

B.T. \ xiii

Red
-eg

Mer-
sete

March •'^PP''o^'ni<itely, be enclosed by a line drawn from Aber
.jjj Cciriog, north-east of Chirk, past St. Martin's south-
eastward of Kinncrlej' ; thence westward, past Lan y
Mynech, along the Tanat to ILan Rhaiadr yMochnant ;
thence northward, to the west of ILan Armon Dy ff ryn
Ceiriog, over the Hcrwj'ns to ILan Ddervcl ; thence in a
semi-circle embracing liettws Gwervil Goch, GwySel-
wern, and ILan Sant I'Traid Glj-n Dyvrdwy to the Dee
four miles below Corwen ; thence down the Dee to the
confluence of the Ceiriog, where we begaji.

If, then, Rheged is a synonym of Merseteand, later,
of Marchia, wliere is Godeu which is coupled with

Rheged as the mustering ground of IMainSw\'n ?
-eu , ^ . " ^ '

The meaning of Godeu furnishes the key to its situa-
tion. The radical, singular, form is cod: this bears
the same meaning as the second element in the
English word peas-corf=". The lenition of the initial
C — implies that Godeu is used poetically for Gwj'S-
Godeu, the full form of the territorial name, as
at 32' 1 8, and 25-24. Gigyi^ means brushwood, fore.st
growths ; and the compound gwyS-godeu signifies
pod-bearing scrub. What is Shropshire but the schrob-
bes (pi.) country of which our GwyS-godeu is a trans-
lation. It was at 'Godeu^^ & Rheged' that Henry II.
mustered his forces when he was a FlamSwyn, a

21 nc.in-po<ls = codcu (T.t ; but ffa-godeu = l)e,in-s(.ilks lied in Imndles.

22 Godeu here reprcsenls the Domcsd.iy hundred of Bascherche, which
exlciuled from Kllcsnierc to the Severn. Godeu hadalsoa widerapplicalion. Cp.
(Meilien de] Gurjxon Godlieu, filia Braclian, uxor Catlihraut Calehuyiiid.
(Vcsp. A. XIV., fol. 11). Gurycon (Vricon-ion) is not a person but a placed i.e.,
the Wrekin, whichisinGodheu [dh = niodern d, not sj. " Nearly all of Salop
south of Shrewsbury (Scirol)esl)erie), and p,irls of the north was a forest in
Norm.an limes .... the whole was Known as the Forest of Shropshire."
(N'ictoria History of Shropshire, vol. i., 484.) About 680 .Milburga

^'■^ B.T.

Bringer of Conflagration to Wales in 1157. Thus the

names of Rhesjed and Godeu confirm their position, and , .

■ ■ r I - • 1 ships

their position confirms their names in a way admitting i/i^^^y^

of no doubt. All the confusion about Rheged has ^r
arisen from the multiplicity of the lordships Marcher,
which spread south to Gwent, and west to Pembroke.
Wherever there was a March there was a Rheged,23 and
as a geographical expression it soon ceased to be used,
because of its vagueness. Possibly this very vagueness
was its charm to Taliesin who, almost alone, used it.24
When times are out of joint, men and places are not
spoken of by their normal names. Mystification be-
comes expedient in order to protect life and liberty.
Henry II., and his sons, harassed Wales and its borders.
The Welsh princes sometimes combined together, as in
1 165, to repel the Saxon foe. At other times they were
divided among themselves ; and often a prince would
ally himself with the Saxon to fight against his own kith
and kin. Under such circumstances when the friendships
of one day were the enmities of the next, a border bard
like Taliesin could not, perhaps, sing with safety to him-
self and his patrons, except cryptically and pseudonj-m-
ously. Hence the charge of obscurity laid against him
by those unversed in the story of his time. And who
is to blame — he, or the critics who seek for his heroes

established .i convent at Much Wenlock, which tradition asserts to have liecn
called Llan Meilien. Thus a Saxon lady becomes a Welsh saint,
thougli the MS. judiciously omits her name. For the Brychan documents
see Y Cymmrodor, vol., xi.\., pp. 24 — 30.

23 For instance, in 1116 Gilbert, earl of Pembroke, was lord of part of north
Cardiganshire, and the land between the Rheidol and the Vstwith figures as a
Rheged in the MS., though we should, apparently, re.id rhedeg.

24 See n.B.C, 9213, Owein Reged am rjTaelh. See also Mvv., 158b;
198b ; and Inde.\ to I'oETKV from the Red Book of Hergest.

B.T. C XV

and events six centuries too soon ? As \vc have seen,
the place-names examined bear a twelfth century mean-
ing, or first ajjpeared after 1 1 25. And since one, or other
of these names runs through our entire text, it will be
waste of time to trace and explore the man)- legends
woven out of the assumed sixth century origin of some,
or all of the Hook of Taliesin.=5 Unregenerate man
might delight in making our high priests bite the dust.
It would be easy writing, and entertaining reading.
" lUit the many fables they tell I cast to the winds ; 'tis
toil and labour enow to record the truth."

Turn we then to Urien of whom we read that he fought

Ida's successors, and was pre-eminent among his com-

. peers as a military leader.3 So was Owein GwyneS

Owein ^'Tio'if? Kymric princes : hence his noin de guerre of Urien.

Gwyn That this is not an assumption witness the elegy by his
-cdd contemporarj', KynSel, who describes Owein as " lord
of Penmon . . . shepherd of Mon .... the war-lord of
the conflict of Argoed ELwyvein .... dragon of Cod-
ing .... terror of Bernicia . . . .'^ blessed dragon of the
West." These lines might come from Taliesin's poems
to Urien, so familiar do they sound. At the Battle of
Argoed Llwyvein, Urien, " lord of the West," was in
command. Owein was the generalissimo of all Wales,
and Urien was 'lord of Prydein,'6r23, and its 'paramount
ruler,' S7'^9- KynSel tells us that he was "the prime
hero as far as Chester; that his sovereignty spread
from Penmon as far as the March of the Angles— as far
as Aeron=7." Taliesin's Urien prevailed at RhuSlan ;
in the Aeron country ; in GoglcS ; at ArSuiiwen, i.e.,

35 Sec Articles on Welsh Litcr.ilurc in Encyclopedias, etc.
26.MYV., 152. 27 111.. 153b.

xvi B.T.

in that township of Mold in which Montalt is
situated ; and at y RhodwyS. Hence UriCn's title of ^°"
Eiirdeyrn GogleS,-^ the Golden prince of the North, or ^'**'"*
the country bordering on the lower half of the Dee. We
have been taught to look for GogleS in the land of mists,
but as Owein GwyneS never was in Scotland, it looks
as if our mentors had lost their way in a fog of their own
creation. The warrior-poet Gwalchmci, who was ever
at Owein's side, knew his geography better. " Owein
bears the palm within the four corners of Wales : Homage
is rendered to him from the fort on the Clud in GoglcS ;
and he is a dragon in Dyved — in the far away South."

Uychlud glod Brydein bedrydaneu :

Uywystlir i5aw o Sin al-Clud Ogle5 —
draig y\v yn-Yved, draw yn-Eheu.^g
Here GogleS and Deheu are clearly antithetical, indica-
tive of the extreme limits of Owein's dominance. That
GogleS was on the banks of the Dee is clear from 13.13,
where gwyr GogleS are the men of Hugh Lupus, earl of
Chester. Moreover, in the war of 11 14, waged by
Henry I. against GriffjS ap Kynan, the third army
was formed of the men of Alban and GogleS, and
placed under the command of their respective princes —
Alexander of Scotland, 37 and the son of Hugh Lupus,
(Bruts 292 — 293). We also find that when the race
of Mwrchath sent ships to GogleS waters they arrived
at the mouth of the Dee. The Chirk Codex of the
Laws3° adds the further testimony that " Rhun ....
raised an army and went with the men of GwyneS to
the bank of the GweryS in GogleS where they spent
a considerable time in disputing who should lead

28 Tal. 58 9. 29 Mvv. 144.

30 Facsimile of the Chirk Codkx of the Welsh Laws, p. 42,

B.T. xvii

through the GweryS," i.e., the sacred stream, or Dec.
^°" Now in this border expedition Rhun, son of Owein
gledd Q„.y„cS, sickened and died, hence the dispute as to
who should lead ; and the " despatch of a messenger
to GwyneS " on the subject. "When the hateful news
of the death of Rhun came to Owein, he was so
harassed and saddened that nothing could give him
pleasure" (Bruts 313). Taliesin tells the same tale:

Dolorous from loss is our leader, who has been

lately bereft of a radiant countenance :
He asks of no one what is being done :

neither to me nor to you does he speak much. 64" 14.

It was at this juncture, presumably, that the men of
Powys crossed the Dee to ravage English Maelor,
and met with disaster.3' It would appear from Taliesin,
6r 16, and Gwalchmei=9 that the men of GwyiieS also
crossed the Dee to better purpose, for they triumphed
at Rhj'd al Clud, i.e. A Id ford in Cheshire. The
fact that Henry II., some years later, built a castles^
here proves that it had been a vulnerable point, and
accounts for it being also called Din al-Clut OgleS.29
Possibly the Venedotians did not, at that time, advance
further east, for we ne.xt hear of them before the Castle
of Mold,33 which fell into their power in 1146. This
good news roused Owein out of his lethargy, and re-
vived his spirits. But as his resumed activities can be
traced in the translated text, it will be more serviceable
to the student to canvass the geography of such names

31 See Prof. J. E. Lloyd's History of Walks, p. 491.

32 The earthworks of Aldford are the last rcmnins of a masonry castle of
early limes. The site was probably new . . . cut out of the solid ground . . .
but the lines are those of a palisaded mound and base court ... It is much
larger than its wooden prototype. Col. Morgan, in Arch. Camb. for 1910, p. 193.

33 Bruts, 314 u-ig.

xviii B.T.

as GogleS, Prydyn, Aeron, Clud, Argoed ILwy-
vein, ILwyvenyS, and EiSin, which have so hypno-
tized my precursors as to paralyze their critical faculty.
Without rhyme or reason, it has been the fashion to
assume that these place-names denote areas north of
the Tweed. But, as we have already seen, GogleS
was on the lower Dee — was part or whole of the terri-
tory of Hugh Lupus and, after him, of Ranulf, his son.
" Ranulf did not molest his enemies, until Owcin came
one day into Aeron," 6i-io. When Henry H. dis-
appeared from the Ceiriog valley in the rain, he went
to "sojourn and shelter in Aeron," 6y6. "Without
having won the semblance of victory ... he led his
weary troops back to the Shropshire plains ... he
mutilated the Welsh hostages to satiate his rage . . .
and hastened to Chester to meet the naval contingent
from Dublin," (Lloyd, 517). Owein GwyneS extended
his rule from Anglesey to Tegeingl, to Aeron, to
Chester.34 According to these passages Aeron was,
clearly, a district — extending, apparently, from Eulo to
Chester. Aeron was also the Welsh name of the " Pul-
ford " brook, which enters the Dee about a mile above
the Eaton Park Iron Bridge. This identification is
confirmed by the association of Aeron with Clud:

I'riodawr clodvawr Clud ac Aeion. (Myv. 160.)
The Clud brook rises west of Malpas, and flows
northward past the township and village of Clut-ton.3S

34 Myv., 153.

35 Tfiis brook name is old and authentic, for it appears in the Domesday
Cl,UT-tone, i.e. the enclosure, or settlement on the Glut. Glutton lies on the
road from Holt to Broxton, and Nantwich. There is, in the parish of Sand-
bach, another brook and township of this name : Ar-clud, -elyd, -olid. See
Ormerod's Ghissikke Vol., iii., pp. 116—117. Glutton is also the name of a
parish in Somerset. Another Glut gives its name to Einon Glut.

B.T. xix

Aer-
on

Clud

After a short course it joins the Dee a little below Aid-

Rtrt

ford. Soine 140 vards above the mouth of the Clud,

ar

Clud ""^ 35 yards below the Iron Bridge, was the Old Ford

across the Dee, named R)t al-Clut36 by Taliesin ;

while 400 }-ards, or so, to the south-east may be seen,

bciiind Aldford church the eartiiworks of Gwalchmei's

Din al-Clut which did homage to Owein GwyneS.=9

As to the situation of Prydyn, witness the passages

following : — War will know no return to the land of I'ry-

'^^' dyn, 1 5' I. This war was fought on the banks of the

^" Ceiriog in 1165. Then, lago is said to have come from

the land of Prydyn, 70'2i. Gwalchmei refers to Owein

GwyneS, the gorvvyr, or great-grandson of lago, as

claiming the ancestral land of Coding, (Myv., 143.)

Taliesin says that the Kymry were reconciled to the

GwySyl, who had come to Rlon and Prydyn. And that

the Cornovi carried away the natives with them.

Remnants will the Brythons be in their day of triumpii.

A chymod Cymry a gwyr Dulyn —

GwySyl (rhySoetlion) Von a J'Jiryiiyn, etc. I3'9
We also learn that the GwySyl, the Angles, and the
men of Prydyn know full well the crime of CreuSyn.
A rywyr gare5 CreuSyn —

Gwy5yl, Eingl, a gwyr Prydyn. 75-19.

A poet in the Black Book of Carmarthen prophesies
that there will be war in Prydyn: (the Kj-mry) will de-
fend their coast against the men of Dublin, for seven
ships will sail over the broad waters, 493.
Mi 5is-go-ganav gad ym-Hrydyn,

yn amwyn eu tervyn a gwyr Dulyn —
saith Ilong y deuant dros lydan lyn. 49"3.

36 Rhyd ar Clul, i.e. the Ford .ibove (upon, or ncir) lliuClud. " Wlicn the
water in the Dee is clear some of the pitcliing on either side can tx; seen. "
Akch. Camb., 1910, p. 192. I have to thank Mr. Kdw. Wells, of the l^aton
Estate Oflice, for information about the site of this Old ford, or .Mdford.

XX B.T.

The foregoing passages point to the modern counties of
Flint and Denbigh as forming Prj-dyn in the twelfth
century. The tradition about Caw being " lord of Cwm
Cowlyd in Pr)'d)'n " extends the boundary across the
Conwy river to a place little north of Capel Curig.
The exigencies of cyiighaneS make ILj'welyn ap
lorwerth the ruler of Prydyn — llyw Prydyn a'i phar.
P. 165.8, but this was in the thirteenth century. It was
the translators of the Bruts, towards 1 200, who started
the Scottish figments.37 The bards knew better.

I witnessed a battle above the Caer, & Wood of LI wy vein.

Gweleis aer uch Caer,38 uch Coed ILuvvein. Mvv. 150a.
It was pointed out in 1906 that Coed ILwj'vein ^^j^^
meant the defile of Eulo, or that of Colcshill, either
or both.39 Since that time Edward Lhwyd's Parochi-
al ia have appeared, wherein ILwyvein is stated to be
the name of the Coleshill brook, so that Coed ILwyvein,
in the parlance of to-day would be the wood of Nan t y
Flint.-t° Again KynSel inf(3rms us that Owein GwyneS
was " war-lord in the battle of Argoed ILw)'vein : "
Aer-gun . . . yn aer-g.id yn Argoed ILwyvein. Mvv. 152.
This points to the Eulo district as Argoed ILwyvein,
for Owein sent from his base at Basingwerk a party to ^^
intercept the English advance in the defile of Eulo.t' iLvvy-
And to this day, a little to the eastward, Argoed vein
survives as the name of a township in the parish of
Mold. Argoed ILwyvein is thus demonstrably the

37 In .Scottish Annals the country north of the Tweed is railed .AllMn.

38 This is Dinas Rasing, not " Chester" as stated in Pem : Vol. iii., p. 567.

39 See Introductory Remarks to the B.B.C., p. x.\vi. ■

40 Rarochialia Part i. . p. 85— a Supplement to the .ARCH. Camb., April 1909.

41 Hruts, p. 319. Kulo appears as Ede-LAVE in Domesday. On the form
ImiIo and its variants see Owens Pembkokeshike, Vol. iii., p. 561. note 5.

B.T. xxi

-ven
-ydd

country bordering on the VVepre brook. This brook
was also the eastern boundary of Englefield, which
"was all waste" according to the Domesday Survej-,
even when it passed from Earl Edwin to Hugh, earl of
Chester. It has been pointed out that a Forest,
fifteen miles long by four miles and a half wide,
^"^ stretched along the Flintshire littoral.-*^ This Forest
e.xtended from Eulo, towards Diserth, to a point be)'ond
Newmarket. I identify this Forest, the scene of
much sorrow to Henry H., as the ILwyvenyS of
Kymric poetry. To the south-west of Coleshill,
between Halkin and Cacrwj-s, we still find survivals of
the old name in ILwyvanod and Gelli Lyv-dy, once
the home o( the John Jones. Nearer to the west coast,
on the hill three miles behind Prestatyn, is the village
of Newmarket, the Welsh name of which appears as
Riuc Lenoit in Domesday, and Ryw Lyvnwjd
in Pope Nicholas' Taxatio.'t3 Ry normalizing these
typically English vagaries in orthography, we get
Rhiw LwyvenyS, i.e. the Hill of LwyvenyS. About
half a mile above Newmarket is the height known as
Coppar Lieni, which looks like the battered remains
of barbaric English spelling. The dropping of the un-
accented w an 8 in ILwyvenj'S would be normal, and
the loss of V between vowels is not uncommon. We
thus get Lyweny, Lyeny or Lieni. So that this high
cop of the great Forest was indeed Coppa ILwy-
venyS, the Crown, or Summit of LwyvenyS. It may be
worth remembering that a man named Levenot occurs

42 .Soc " W.-ilcs .-ind llic Coming of the Normans " by Prof. Lloyd in Cym-
mrodor Trans-ictions for 1899 — <900, p. 139,

43 Sec I listorj- of the Diocese of St. AsAph, Vol. i. , p. 408, 1908 : also Owen's
Pem. , Vol. iii. , p. 570. Both writers, I ani convinced, h.ive gone .isir.iy here.

xxii B.T.

at least four times in the Domesday survey as the
holder of Broughton, Golftj-n, Leadbrook, etc. Again '^''y-
the Welsh for the witch-elm is ILwyv-en, of which the '*"
plural is ILwyv, as in Gelli L(\v)yv-dy, which is now
corrupted into Love-dy and Loveday. Elms certainly
do grow in the district, but it is notorious that oak
was the h^ircst tree, the extent being often expressed
in Domesday by specifying the number of pigs a
Forest would support by its acorns.

EiSin is in the border country. In Prj'dein, in
EiSin (Owein GwyneS) is acknowledged chief: also at ''
Gavran+t on the Brecon border, 30'20. From 1146 to
1 1 59 Owein was dominant from Mold to BuSugre and
y RhodwyS, a country which includes Tre EiSin.-tS now
TreiSin, as locally pronounced. History also confirms
Taliesiii about Owein being for a season lord of the
Brecon border ;46 but there is not so much as an
old wife's tale to vouch for his sway on the Forth.
The Black Book of Carmarthen extends the district
beyond the Severn, when it refers to EiSin of the
border, E. gyminauc 94'i5; also to wywyS EiSin 957,
which is synonymous with Bre EiSin, now BreiSin
Hill — that conspicuous landmark, the sight of which
gladdens the heart of the K)-mro travelling west, after
wayfaring over the flats of England. There is also a
ILech EiSin in Merioneth ;^7 but where is there any-
thing to connect EiSin with Edinburgh ? The Scottish
capital is unknown to the annals, and poetry of the

44Gavran is a mistake for Graban, still preserved in Llan Deilo Graban
on tlie Wye, a few miles south of Builth. I before 1 147.

45 The Eiddiii district, from Mold to Budditgrc, w.as outside IVydein

46 Compare Taliesin 45'26 ; Bnits, and Henry of Huntingdon.

47 History of Diocese of St. .\saph, Vol. iii., 105, 123, (1912).

B.T. D xxiii

edda

Kymry. And )-et twenty-two generations have fol-
lowed the apostles of the Nennian Additamenta,
and of Geoffrey's Historia, to the confusion of
Hr)-tlionic territorial nomenclature. As we have seen,
our twelfth century writers — all men "on the spot" —
place the districts enumerated south of the Merse\'.
A}-e, with two possible exceptions.-t^ south of Chester.

Again, "CuneSa," 69-70, has come to us out of an
^""' impenetrable Scottish mist. lie is said to have been
the first to bestow land upon a church. He became
thus the eponjmus of such as did likewise. Tradition
assigns to his alleged descendant, Maelgwn, the
credit of being the first benefactor of Bangor
Cathedral, which, after it was burnt down in 1102, still
found friends in the house of GwyneS. Witness the
honour of burial near the altar given to the remains of
GriffyS ap Kynan, and to tho.se of Owein GwyneS.
The latter, we are told, met with a spiteful turn in his
life, 1 2 19. In other words he ended his career in con-
flict with Canterbury and Rome. After the death of
Bishop Meurig the old dispute as to the control of
the English over the Bangor see was reopened. In
defiance of authority Owein procured the election of
Arthur, his own nominee. The breach was widened
still further by Owein's refusal to put away his wife,
Cristin, as being of kin within the prohibited degree.49
Owein was final!)- excommunicated. However, the

48 Men of Gogledd, I3'i3, were the men of the earldom of Hugh Lupus.
See xvii, supra, (b.) hyl Balaon, 70'22. refers to the same event as Penryn
nialaon j-n y Gogledd, B.292-25. This is the headland of Wirral between
the Balas of the Dee and the Mersey. Blataon is cliairly a scr. err, for Balaon.
The ancient mouth of the Dee w.is a series of lakes, or pools.

49 Lloyd's Histor)- of Wales, p. 522.

xxiv B.T.

Ep-
on-

Bangor fraternity reciprocated his fricndsiiip 12112;
shrived him ; took him into their sanctuary -20 ; and
united to pray for his soul -ii. These Christian
offices were rendered to Owein in defiance of Church
authority, hence the " trembling of CuneSa's crosier-
bearer," '5. That " CuneSa " is Ouein GwyneS, and
the crosier-bearer bishop Arthur, the context and the
reference to the rebellion over-seas afford ample proof
But " CuneSa " is an impossible derivative of Cuno-
dag,s° which would give CynSa in twelfth century Welsh.
The very form " Cun«6a " shews that the compiler
of the Harlcian pedigrees was combining material of
various dates and origin. 3 The list of CuneSa's sons is
still later, and belongs to the xiiith century.

Let us, next, turn to the contemporaries of the bard.
1 sang before the renowned lord of Severn —
before Brochvael of Powys, who loved my muse. 33'7-
On page 45 we have a poem to his son, Cynan Gar- ^"'^
wyn. If we credit the Chronicles Brochvael died in
662 ; while his son, Cynan Garwyn, was living in 870 i.e.
208 years later.f Add to this the account of Taliesin
being "renowned" around 550.' History of this sort
reduces one to a melancholy, thoughtful silence — not
with regard to Taliesin, but in respect of his com-
mentators. What then is the explanation of Brochvael
and Kynan Garwyn ? They are respectively the
eponyms of Owein Keveilog, prince of Powys, and of
Kynan ap Owein GwyneS, lord of MerionyS,
which was once ruled by Kynan Garwyn. Maelgwn,
likewi.se, is the eponym of Owein GwyneS, whose

50 I do not question Cuno-dag being an ancient torni, picked up some-
where. But its transfornmtion into "Cunedda" proves that the compiler of
the I'edigrees was a late, i.e. xiitli century fabricator. fLloyd, 250.

B.T. XXV

son Rhun is said, in the Chirk Codex, to be the son of
Maelgwn . . . tlie first Gwledijj of G\vyiic8.3° Then
"there was a battle at Crug Dyved, when Aercol
was peregrinating." On the Towy, above Carmar-
then, the castle of Dryslwyn was built on an isolated
rocky eminence. The neighbourhood of this Crug is
associated with Aercol, or Agricola.5' It is also in
Dyved of which Cadell, son of GrifiyS ap Tewdwr,
was lord before he went on a pilgrimage to Rome in
1 153. The events of the poem synchronize with the
time of Cadell. Thus, we see that Rhun, Aercol,
K}-nan Garwyn, Brochvael and Taliesin were, after all,
contemporaries who lived after 1125.

Besides the eponymous we have also an epi-
. thetic class. "Heroes undergo the deathly shame —
.jjg HaearneiS, HyveiS, and Gwallawg. Owcin of
Maelconian habit doth lay the intruders low," 30" 16.
Now, in the war of 1157, Eustace fitz John, Constable
of Chester, and Robert de Courcy fell in battle ; while
Henry fitz Henry, "the King's descendant" (29'25) by
Nest, was drowned on the Anglesea coast, so that
Owein GwyneS, who was then in Flintshire, " never
saw him," 30'22. HaearneiS means a man of iron,
the indomitable; HyveiS means the intrepid, cour-
ageaux — suggested, perhaps, by Courcy; and Gwall-
awg means missing, or lost (at sea). Any man who
had one of these attributes might become known by
the epithet characteristic of him. As a matter of fact
we have two Hj-vciSs, two Gwallawgs, and three
Mabons, as shown in the Index A Mabon is the
scion of a princely, or royal line, such as Grififith ap

51 Pembrokeshire I*t. iii., 407-408.

xxvi B.T.

Rhys (39'2-i5) on his return from Ireland in 1113;
and Henry II., at the age of twenty-four, 30-12.
Mabon52 jy also used of Jesus Christ, as at 74-9.

If we cast a backward glance we see that the evi-
dence produced has established, not merely a complete
negative to the theory of a sixth century origin, and of
a Scottish toi)ography, but has proved the theatre of
action to be in Wales and the Marches, with Owein
GvvyneS for its central figure, and the date of composi-
tion subsequent to 1 125. An anal)-sis of the remaining
poems will in no way disturb these conclusions, except
to make the authorship later and later. What we may
call the Historical poems are of two kinds — the con-
temporary and the prophetic. The Daroganeu
are prophecies after the event :

Since they have gone whence they came, the minstrel
shall sing . . . and prophesy concerning them, ig'ig.

These Daroganeu contain references to events

ranging from the time of " I lors and Hengist," to

Geoffrey's Merlin, and Vergil, the alchemist. The

Bruts and the Annals are pillaged in the account

given of the war of 1098, of the flight and return of

GriffyS ap Kynan and of Kadwgan, of the rape of

Nest, of the checkered career of Owein ap Kadwgan,

of the return and adventures of GriffyS ap Rhys, of

the quarrel and reconciliation of the brothers Owein

and Kadwaladr, etc., and end with the hanging of

William de Breos53 in 1230, thus covering 132 years.

52 1 1 looks <is if Mabin-ogion was .i corrupt form of Mabon-ogion. If
the word were Uased on Maban we should have Mebin-ogioii. The meaning
of Mabon-ogion is more in keeping with the character of the Pedeir Kainc.
Cp. other forms ending in -on, such as Mod r -on. Rhian-on, Tcyrn-on.

53 See8oi7; and Lloyd's History of Wales, 670.

B.T. xxvii

Sum-
ma-
ry

Pro-
phe-
cies

His
-to

-ry

The contemporary poems again deal with events
from the death of Rhun, in 1147, to that of John in
121G. We iiave in tliis class valuable touches and de-
tails coiicernin^j the wars in Wales and the Marches,
concerning the buffeting of the Saxon invader in Snow-
donia, at Eulo, in ILwyvenyS, on the Herwyn and the
banks of the Keiriog, as well as concerning the strife
between John and ILewelyn. We have an echo
of the Crusades, and plaints about taxing the mon-
asteries to release King Richard from the Ilual
Eurin, 5 1 6. We have also, here and there, details
not found in the l>ruts. For instance:

/o/i/i disarmed the Promontory at the Gate of GodoSin ;

And, at the great Ubbanford, the shank-plaided King :

1 leave the Scot to his fears. 42'4.

This refers to John's northern expedition54 in 1209
when he took Berwick Castle, built on a promon-
tory, and met the King of Scotland at Norham, which
is "situated on a pass, or ford, on the river Tweed,
called Ubbanford" (Lewis). The Misae Roll of
the 1 1 th year of John proves that ILewelyn and other
Welshmen were with the King at Norham.

It must be apparent, from the Historico-prophetic
evidence, that no one man could sing for 132 years.
Either we have a late twelfth-century poet, who lived
to 1230; or a plurality of authorship, plus thirteenth-
century interpolations. Just as we can, in a general
way, discriminate between one friend and another by

54 O oes Gwrtheyrn also mentions this expedition, and Prof. J. E. Lloyd
expresses his belief that the stalement is '* found nowhere else." Alas, he is
not infallible, yel he takes me to t.isk for eharacterizing O oes Gwrlhejxn as a
" worthless compilation " — an opinion 1 still hold. Even a bungler may occa-
sion.illy go straight, and a Professor, we see, nods. See Cymmrodor
Transactions for 1899 — 1900, p. ijj. 11.3.

xxviii B.T.

Au-
thor-

voice, or footstep, or sentiment, so familiarity with the
book of Taliesin enables the student to recoj^nize
marked differences in style, and thought, and accent ; ship
in the lilt, and structure of the poems. The move-
ment and management of the metres show clearlj- that
more than one mind has been at work. The singer I
name Taliesin lived between 1105 and 1175, or there-
abouts. The Daroganeu, the Theological poems,55 and
those referring to Richard and John, as well as their
K)'mric contemporaries, are, in my opinion, by some
other poet, or poets. That ever)- one of the earlier
poems is homogeneous, with every word and line bearing
the hall-mark of Taliesin, I do not suggest. Though I
feel that I know the dainty tread of the Chief of Bards,
I am not one of those who can "smell a ghost," and
seize it, in every thicket. The .sound of the footfall
may be muffled occasionally, and the most inspired of
bards may nod sometimes. With this Confession of
Faith I quit the question of authorship to summon the
poet to tell his own story. p=

55 The Theological poems. ire later, i.e. than 1230; some, a good de.nl later.
Tri chant a mil blwyddynedd 'T is 1300 years

er pan yttiw ymuchedd : since Christ was born :

. A their mil cyn crog And Enoch flourished 3000

Uewychis Enog. 12-22. (years) before the Crucifixion.

According to Genesis V'., we have from the birth of
Adam to the birth of Seth 130 years Cainan to M.ahalalcel 70 years
Selh ,, ,, Enos 105 ,, Mahalaleel to Jarcd 65 ,,

Enos ., ., Cainan go ,, Jared to Enoch 162 ,,

To the above add 365. the years Enoch lived, and we get .\.M. 987 as the
dale of his death. Deduct this from A.M. 4004, and wc have 3017 years from
the death of Enoch to the beginning of the Christian era ; or 3047 " before the
Crucifi.\ion." The Chronology, we see, is not exact, but deals in "round
numbers." The seven-syllabled couplet is an irregularity in this poem and,
probably, an interpolation. Though a scrilw m.ay write for a generation with-
out change of style, I am reluctant to believe that our MS. can be as late as 1282.

B.T. xxix

^aliesin was, like most bards, autobiographic. As

^"'° the Ilancs.^'' is palpably a late compilation, we will sift

'° the text for more authentic evidence, and piece, as best

, . we can, the fraf^ments together into a connected whole,
-phic " "^

The first item connects him with a border settlement.

I pl.iyed .It n.ychwr— I slept 57 at Pulford. 26-8.
Pulford is situated five miles south of Chester, on the
road to Wrexham. To the north of Pulford is the
township of Lache. The English Dialect Dictionary
defines Lache as "a pond, a pool ; a swamp," etc. This
too is the meaning of the Welsh ILychwr. Now ever)-
child's "sleeping place" is his home; and his " plaj--
ground " is usiiall)' near, as Lache, or Il.xchwr is to
Pulford. W'c thus see that Taliesin slept and played
under the shadow and power of the capital of GogleS,
i.e., Chester. His second item shews him a bard.

Ccint, cr yn vych.in, I san^, though I was little, in the

yngliAd Godeii-vrij,',58 fight at the north end of Godeii,

rhag I'rydcin Wlcdig. 23-20 against Prydein's ruler. 11,29-25
In 1 121 MeredyS ap BleSyn sent young bowmen over

56 Hanks Tai.iksin w.is published liy lady Charlotte Guest in in 1849, and
is now accessible in Everyman's reprint of the Mabinopion.

57 This expression, taken with other statements below, suggests that he had
no parental, possibly not even a settled, home.

58 Cp. Brig tarian, the top or upper end of a shield. ST. Grf.ai,, § 191.
The Rxtlle of Godeu and the drift of tradition point to the country lying be-
tween .Mdford, Kanlwich. Whitchurch. Kllcsmere, and the Dee having been
overrun by the Rrylhon. 'I'hough the Domesday survey of Cheshire mentions
no Welsh freeholders, the Taliesin implications find .support in a ])ai>er
on Welsh Settlements east of Offa's Dyke, (Cymmrodor, \'ol. x.,
pp. 34-36). Mr. A. N. Palmer shews that the Saxon lords of the manors of
Itroxton hundred were "titular only," their holdings being "waste " in
1086. After 1 100 in almost every other township in western, southern, and
midmost parts of Rroxton hundred. " Welsh freeholders " appear " for up-
wards of three centuries." This return of the Welsh across the Dee to lost
territory may lie compared to the return of the Gwyddyl into Dyved. Taliesin
must have liecn a witness to the earlier stages in the eastward movement in the
xiith century.

XXX B.T.

the borders of Powys to intercept Henry I. in a wild

woody height.S9 "At that very time the [English]

army was marching cautiously upon its own ground."^

This would be the northern, or top end of Bascherche

Hundred, with which Godeu has been identified."

Note that the bard is youthful ; that Pulford is not far

off; and that he is against the Powj'sland ruler, i.e. Mere-

dyS ap BleSyn ap Kynvyn.^' Again, when Taliesin was

a slender twig, inexperienced in craft, 7'i5,

he went to a congress of the bards, where he was tested :

I was sifted in every faculty by the Brython bards, 7'i3.

The use here of the adjective Brython suggests that

he himself was not a Brython. If he was a native of "'

ent-
Aeron, this would be true geographicall)', and might be

ethnologicall}-. His parentage, like that of MyrSin, is
wrapt in mj-stcry ; it might be unknown even to him-
self. Hence the play of fancy as to his magical origin.
'T was not of father and mother that I was born.
I was created, after a new fashion, from nine constituents :
From the essence of fruits ; from primrose flowers ;
From the pollen of shrubs — the pollen of Oak

and Nettle, of Meadowsweet and Broom.
From the Water of the ninth wave ; from the

Fire of the lightning — from these was I made. . . .
(iwydion, the master of phantoms, enchanted me
from the Laburnum's golden fingers ; from the
breakers' prismatic hues ; from five kinds of
Loveliness — the five resources of wizards. 25'2 1.

A passage like that suggests that Taliesin sought to

Sgliruts 305-306. 60 William of M.ilmesbury, p. 436, (Ikiliii's Lib. )
6i See Bruts. 305 ; Lloyd, 464-65. The student should note that Taliesin
is against this Gwledig of Powys, who figures Ijelow (p. x.x.xii) as " Kynvyn."
Me never refers to Meredydd's de.alh even, nor to any other descendant of the
house of Kynvyn, fur the allusion to Owein Kyveilog is inconclusive. There
must be some deep and significant cause for this reticence, such as making of
him a slave, and a herd of some kind. See n. 2321, and observe that Mcredydd
and Madog of Powys were enemies of the house of Gwynedd.

B.T. E xxxi

slave

escape, in imagination, from a cruel experience. His
father might have been a bird of passage — say a Xor-
mant baron : his mother mi;^ht have perislied, or
abandoned him before memory began ; thus leaving
him utterly forlorn in the world, without kin or the
knowledge of kin. This would explain his resentful
indignation at the priestly praise of poverty, 27- 15.

Familiar to my lot has exiguity been. Monks praise it,
hut mark my Hord, it is no use praising; poverty to me.

Why I not one hour have I known without it persecuting me.

He was worse than poor. The fate of St. Patrick over-
took him; he was captured, and set to herd ? swine:

I was the slave of Kynbyn ; I was a herd besides. 26.21.
Kynryn was the father of BleSyn, the founder of the
^ historical house of Powys. " Kynvyn " here must be the
eponymus of MeredyS ap BleSyn, who died in 1 1 32. If
Taliesin was not familiar with the Brython speech,^
he would have learnt it in servitude, as the youthful
Patrick learnt Irish. Like him, too, he ran away, 27*6.

I wandered in the earth before I touched literature.
He could do no otherwise. If he were a foundling
he would have no home57 to which he might return.
Moreover, his inborn love of nature disposed him to
wander. During his life as a (swine)herd his intimate
companions had been field and forest ; so that when he
cut himself adrift, he clung to the Forest as his only
friend. Out of Powys he steps into ILwyvenyS, & sings :
Mine its wild places ; mine its cultivated parts :
Mine its metals63 and their produce rich. 6s"i3.

In ILwyvenyS he was not only beyond the power of

t William of .M.ilmesbury and Giraldus Qinibrensis, for ex. , were half Norman.

62 Pulford w,->s in the earldom of Chester, but sep.iratcd from Powys only l)y
the small brook Aeron. Natives here might he bilingu.al ? See p. .\.\xi. , supra.

63 Conip.-ire the Mines extending from Llan Asa to Klinl.

xxxii B.T,

Bard

Povvys, but once more under his native lord, Ranulf, the
earl of Chester, for whom he has a good word to say.
J\ii/iu\i did not molest his enemies
until Urien arrived one day in Aeron. 6r8.

Taliesin felt, as all feel, towards an invading stranger
and, it is clear, opposed the power of GwyneS in song,
or action (cp. n. 66.) But he soon changed his attitude, &
wrote a poem to propitiate the new lord of ILwyvenyS.
The Chief I do not dislike, nor am I lacking in respect for him :
To Urien I will go — to him will I sing . . . his people
I will praise ; to them will I go ; with them will 1 stay . . .
I will not set out to GogleS, and its territorial lords. 65 6.

One is not surprised at his resolution. Barring the
Lache for play, GogleS had been a hard stepmother to
him. He therefore seeks an 'understanding' with the {„
new lord of Tegeingl, Owein GwyneS, 6512: O.G.

I cannot live without friendship — Urien do not repel me.*'-!
Though the men of Englefield desire thy death,
I could wish to weave for thee the weft of extreme age.
There was none I loved better, though I knew it not.
It is but now I find how great is my love (for thee). 65' 1 8.
He was received into favour, and never had prince a
more loyal bard than Taliesin proved to the Lord of
the West. From 1146 to 11 76 we have reflected in
our text every phase of the fortune of the house of
GwyneS. Such, in outline, is the life of the bard, which
his own words sketch out for us. ^5 There is nothing im-
probable about his autobiographic touches — nothing in
conflict with the authentic history of the period.

Having, thus, fixed his time and countrj-, we will
now return to the Congress of the Bards, whither
It is well to go for the sake of deliberating with artists

about art ; and to sing a string of verses, as the custom is,

to the governor of the district who provides the feast. 8'4.

64 Tliis ineiiiit renouncing his old lord to become a naturalized Hrython.

65 See lnde.\ s.v. autobiography for other p;issi»gcs In the first ix;rson.

B.T. xxxiii

Con-
gress

But Taliesin meets there two classes, who disgust him —
the paunchy fellows who drink too freely ; and the
of the dad-ccineid, who recite other men's compositions.^
bards \Vlien singers sing a song from memory, they perform

no great wonder beyond what I ran do (extemporaneously,
though without training or experience) ... I do not like
this contesting . . . Poetizing is futile in compctition67 . . .
Give me the woods — a retreat in some cosy corner,

and a bard who creates, not one who cadges for gifts . . .
(However), I won the chair, and am the bard of the Hall.
The bards are highly incensed — loud their anathemas. 7-8.

As it was in the days of Taliesin so it is still : if a man
excel in any direction, were it only in industry and
single-minded devotion to duty, there is no calumny
too foul for envy to whisper by those who wander upon
every high hill, and play under every green tree. Tal-
iesin revenged himself by studying the books of the
bards, their round, and all that pertains to them.
They bring forth what is in them :
what is in them, tliat is what they are.
What they are on tour, that is their true character. 20-22.

66 The Ronuin joculator became in Southern Gaul the joglar (jongleur),
i.e. a wandering musician, and eventually a ' trobador,' which meant, origin-
ally a composer of new melodies. Later the 'trobador' introduced skilful
variations on a given theme, and eventually composed his own poems. A
famous trouljadour usually circulated his poems by the mouth of a joglar.
who recited them at different courts, for troubadour poetry was (about iioo)
essentially aristocratic. The troubadours were drawn from all classes— kings,
princes, feudal lords, monks, clerics, etc., not excluding women. .■\ joglar of
originality might rise to the position of a troubadour, and a troubadour who
fell upon evil days might sink to the position of a joglar. Poets sometimes com-
bined the two functions as, possibly, Taliesin did. See The Troubadours
by H. J. Chaytor, Camb. , 1912; also LaLitteratureP'ranjaiseauMoyen
Age by G. Paris; Early English Literature by B. Ten Brink; and
English Literature. . . . by W. H. Schofield.

67 Cp. the singing competition in Wagner's Mastersingers of Nurem-
berg. " O these .Masters ! with their sticking-plaster rules and restrictions,"
exclaims Sir Walter von Stolzing, the novice, whose improvised song Hans Sachs
defends as tjeing really poetical, if irregular in form — " He who is born a
Master stands a poor chance among other Masters."

xxxiv B.T.

The true index of a man is the way he does, or the way

he shirks, his work. Because Taliesin added finish

and witchery to his poetry, his muse was loved : even

lieyond the border of Prydein68 and its sweet homes

I have sung before Rulers over the mead cups. 55'5.

Always and everywhere, he maintained the lead.
When he wrote the elegy of Rhun, in 1 146, "the
master-singer's seat (was his) right," 64-3. In 1172,
when Owein Gwj-neS's lands were partitioned, Macl-
gwn received Mon, and David the territory north of
the Conwy river. In 1173 David seized M6n, and
drove Maelgwn to Ireland. At David's New Year's
Feast, in 11 74, Taliesin championed the e.xile.
I came to Deganvvy to take the part of Maelgwn —
very great his sufferings. In tlie presence of
the magnates I procured his liberty. When he is re-
called to Mon blessed the inhabitants will be. 33'i9

In the course of 11 74 Maelgwn returned to Mon, was
seized, & again cast into prison by his brother David.
From that day the Annals are silent about Maelgwn.
Not so Taliesin. He lifts the veil for one last glimpse.

I sing of true lineage : I shall continue to the end
in my pristine service to Elffin.6g He has been removed
from among the number of the gilded noljility.

Hated by those who delight in perjuries and treachery,
he is now seeking solace from the mass.

He cares no longer for praise : he knows no one. 19.22.

We have seen how Taliesin spent part of early life
as a herd. That he relieved the tedium of his task, by
close observation of all visible phenomena in earth and

68 This might refer lo Montalt, before its fall in 1146. Tal. prays for the men
of .\rddunwcn and himself tiuis ; — May the blessing of God, and the united
voice of the saints make us countrymen (browyr) of Owcins worlliies. 44 6.

69 This EllTui is .Maelgwn (d. ? 1174-75) ap O. Gwynedd. For an account of
the strife among the sons of O.G., after his deiith, see liruts and Lloyd.

B.T. XXXV

El-
ffin

Text
cor-
rupt

sky, is abuiulaiUly clear from his |i(icms. Not c\cn
I)af}-6 ap Gwilim can take precedence of him in tiiis
respect. And if simplicity of invention, felicity of
thought and illustration, love of nature, and the mystic
spirit of reverence constitute a great poet, then Taliesin
was worth)' of the first place assigned to him by bardic
tradition. I judge as Lord Tennyson did :
The highest is the standard of the man.
Where lines have escaped mutilation, thej- run smoothly,
and carry a meaning as clear as a mountain stream.
But alas! what text has suffered like the Taliesin text
at the hand of scribes. Hundreds of lines have been
marred in transcription. 7° Syllables, words, clauses,
sentences, lines, have been dropped ; or prefixes, end-
ings, and ' catchwords ' have been repeated, or substi-
tuted for the original phrasing. Add to these misread-
ings, such^s arise from inattention, indistinct writing,
bad light, ignorance of the bard's topograph)' and
personages, plus deliberate changes traceable to the
influence of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Works, and we
have a tangle as difficult to unravel as any literary
Mark Tapley could desire. Nevertheless, Talicsin's
personality and genius emerge despite all misfortunes
to his text. He began to sing young, 23-20, and shone
early, 8-17: to be chosen for special mention in the
Nennian additamenta' he must have attained a fore-
most place about I130, possibly by his Song to the
Wind, 36-37, which has about it a primal freshness,
and the charm of enchantment. To read it is to

70 Let nic .isk students t6 compare 448-16 with the Black Book of Carmar-
then, 46'i-8, that they m.ay see with their own eyes how mistakes arise. See,
also, Table of Common Scribal Errors.

xxxvi B,T.

experience a mental glow of elation. Take again the
prismatic hues of the passage about the bard's own
magical parentage, (p. xxxi. supra). It is so limpid
and, in conception, so beautiful that it captures us as a
fairy tale captures a child. And what a delightful
stream is that of Gwion, which 'produces fine weather,
white clover, honey, and brimming mead-horns,' 32-23.
That, I take it, is the touch of the true Taliesin, who
hath power to tame the spirit of war itself.

When the shaibs were enchanted for the work of destruction,
the fighting was interrupted by the harmony of the harps —
the harps deplored conflict and banished doleful days. 24-8.

But how he stirs the blood when he sounds the bugle to

the charge in defence of country, 608. (See Bruts 324).

On Saturday morning there was a big battle,
from the rising to the setting of the sun.
Il'lamSwyn made haste with four companies —
.Shropshire and Rheged marshall together.
He marches from Argoed to ArvynyS,?'

without a halt the livelong day.
IFlamSwyn, of mighty swagger, demanded aloud : —

If they had come as hostages & are submissive?
Owein, of cleaving stroke, answered that

they had not — they neither do nor will submit :
And his son, Hoel, vowed he would be shrived
a hero, or ever he would give a single hostage.
Then Urien, Lord of the West, proclaimed aloud: —
" If there is to be an unfriendly meeting,
"let us hoist our banners on the mountain top —
" let us lift our eyes over the border :
"With spears over-head let us, like men,
"attack U-'lamSwyn among his host,
"and kill both him and his companions."

71 Henry's 1165 expedition travelled from Argoed, in Kiniierley parish,
through Oswestry, by Rhyd y Croeseu along the southern base of Gallt y Wrach,
Craig yr Hwch, and Voel Khiwlas to the crest of the hill (hyd ar vynyddl. at the
Pensarii cross-road. From this vantage ground the course of the ' old rOi»d '
showed, in July 1912, a burnt track across the fields, going in a l)ee-line, till it
joined • I'fordd y Saeson ' on tlie lierwyns. A short distance, on the left of the

B,T. xxxvii

Char-
act-
eris-
tics

Thus roused, united and resolute the Brythons advance.

The Keiriog valley roars — in flood it thunders.

Great shouting rises, and the S,i.rons tread the
honeycombed black swamps in the great retreat.

The King, fighting (a rearguard action), disappears in the
rain . . . Great his rage . . . (The Brythons)
pursue, and like a wheel of fire revolve over the land :

Like a wave they advance, and traverse ILwyveny5. 63-8.

They capture and demolish the castles of Basing-
werk, RhuSlan, and Prestatyn,7= and thus end "the
war that will not return to Prydyn," i.e. the Marches of
North W'ales. Well was it sung that Owein GwyneS, 46- 1
Controlled the fighting as a piece of gut harmonizes the orchestra.

However, it is not in war, but in Nature that Tal-
Love
of na "^^'" ''cvels. He is astir early ; and from some vantage

-ture ground on the ridge of ILwyvenyS he watches
The punctu.1l orb of consuming fire burst to view :
He admires, above the earth, the spread and blaze of dawn —
high above the breeze and the clouds, great the brilliance.
(The sun) abides not in the bays, nor in the reaches of the tides :
It traverses the estuaries, and is unceasing on the high seas.
Pearly dawn repels the powers of darkness,
and smiles on everything. 47' 19.

It was in the early morning, too, that he saw the smoke
of green peat curling in a dense mass, overshadowing
the earth, and rising higher and higher till it was lost
to view, 2 1- 18. He follows it in thought, and wonders

road to LI. .\rmon D.C. , is BwTcid y Brenhin, the Kings Council-bo,ird, a
sh.illow horsc-slioe excavation, with the earlh thrown up to form a ridge to
drain off the wet. .An idea! spot for a Generalissimo. Skirting ' Moel Wyiva '
on the west and north. I returned by mountain track over boggy Pen y
Gwely to Llechrj'deu, thence by the lanes to Carreg y Big. al)ove Rhyd y
Croeseu — a route possible in a scared retreat, but hardly for advance. A con-
tingent moved via Selaltyn to the Keiriog. emerging ne,ar where Offa's Dyke
crosses the stream. Opposite the .\ber of the streamlet from Crogen Iddon,
on a slope above the road, a field named Maes Crogen, on Crogen Wladus
commemorates a txittle here.

72 Seenn.i4'26, 151 ; Bnits 324 — 25; Lloyd pp. 517 — ao. and his note 123.

xxxinii B.T.

whither it goes, and "who shall give it law ?" 27-17. It
is only those, who have witnessed the one phenomenon
after the other, while crossing a Welsh mountain, who
can imagine the impressiveness of the sight. Emerging
from darkness amid solitude in the waste places of the
earth, sun and smoke alike awake that homing instinct,
which sees be>ond the horizon, obliterating the pre-
sent in the future. Truly, the magnificats of the
mountain induce that mystical lucidity of mind and
soul, which transfigures life and its destiny.

The idea haunts me that it was on some such a
morning, while descending from Moel y Gaer towards
the estuary of the Dee, that Taliesin conceived the
series of stanzas on Pleasant Things, 8-21.

Pleasant the feeling that penance kills excess . . ,

and blest the offering unto the altar . . .
Pleasant too when the good you recall.
Pleasant the heath when it is green . . .

and sweet the charlock in young corn . . .
Fair is the heron on the tidal reach at the flooding ;

and beautiful are the gulls at play.

Observing the fort of Dinas Basing before him, it
revives the memory of all the Pleasant Kaers (42-44),
that he frequented, when he attended New Year, or
other Feasts, receiving luscious mead till his tongue
became fluent in Prydein's praise, 4320 . . . Elation
befell the bard, though it did not last long. The after-
feeling was scathing : ' As the sun promotes summer
haze, so mead promotes chatter for the most part,'
64'2o. But Taliesin was no recluse. Ever friendly to
good cheer, he was intolerant of excess.

Pleasant is mead : none with reason will refuse it. 8'22.
Pleasant too is the butter-milk of the dairy. 9-25.

B.T. F xxxix

His appetite is wholesome. His revelry is in nature —
in cows in the meadows — in fruit trees in flower — in
the voice of the cuckoo in the trees.

Pleasant too is the summer sun, and
the lingering dusk of a long day, 916.

When the day's duties are done he strolls along a
lonely streamlet, where the meadow-sweet grows.
He caresses it; he admires its loveliness; its per-
fume possesses his senses — whence is it? Why is
the cool of the evening — why is the falling dew
pleasant? Why is the ravine ever in shadow?

Where has the night been during the day ?

What power could im[)ro\e upon the canopy of night?
Whence the splendour unkindled that shakes itself out ? 27 '^o-
Thus lost in meditation he slowly wends his homeward
way. At the door, as he casts an upward glance, we
catch upon the breeze a faint voice murmuring—

ETERNAL MIND ! 't is Thou that weavest the warp
of night and day — the day for my activities, and
the night for my rest. Renewed life also comes from Thee.

40 '22.

Before my ferrying over to my hard wages,
may I have a place in Thy mansion. 818.

Under the year 1200, Richard of Hoveden breaks
^y^ his narrative to give a brief summary of the maxims of

'^' the philosopher Secundus, though quite irrelevant to
cism

the matter before and after. The translator is per-
plexed, and remarks : " How this account came to be
inserted here, or for what purpose, it is impossible to
say." Thus do many people feel when they read
certain portions of the Book of Taliesin. The Seer's
primal questionings interrupt the continuity of a poem
to their bewilderment. Unconscious of the coincidence

xl B.T.

in time between the medieval rise and spread of mys-
ticism with the composition of our text, they think
there can be nothing in what they "cannot see." Eyes
and ears, says Heracleitus, " are bad witnesses to those
who have barbarian souls." They do not understand
that to spirits absorbed in mystical thought the expres-
sion of it permeates and colours all their thinking and
speaking. Their visions are to them the true realities.
They are in quest of Truth, of the hidden treasure, of
the Holy Grail — nothing else really matters. Though
Taliesin's mysticism is "natural" mysticism, it defin-
itely marks the period of the composition of the poems.
Majestic is knowledge ! Whence has it been imparted? 20-14
Knowest thou what raised the mountain before making 28-2
the earth habitable ? or who is the sponsor of life ? 28 6

or whence is the stroke of extinction? or what is the blest 20-26
abode of the soul? or who has seen it? (7r who knows it? 28-4
or whence is the light of the countenance? or what brings 20-15
the sparkle out of polished stones ? or what lies hidden 21-14
in the flashing ruby, and in the foam of the sea ?
When the night retires, what wanton effulgence there is 21-10
in the golden flood of day ! Now, does any know why
the sun's breast is crimsoned in pigment so perfect ?
If it be fingers that fashioned me, the hollow of the hand 22-7
will shield me. Heaven's lineage shall not be abased. 22-12

/. G. E.

B.T. «/»

C>^IIE SCIENCE OF DIPLOMATICS HAS FEW
Vy votaries, while those who have any mastery of it
are still fewer. Ability to read an old manuscript, like
abilit)- to read aloud, is common enough ; but ability to
^*'*° do either with insight and understanding is not a com-
'^^^ mon accomplishment. Paleography73 means much
more than ability to read old writing, however cor-
rectly— it means orderly knowledge of calligraphy
extending over a long period of time; while its success-
ful practice means a quick eye, and a penetrating gift
for the observation of the gradual but continuous change,
which takes place in the handwriting of every age
and school. And, as nearly all MSS. are copies, the
scribes and their methods must be closely studied.
From the time of Homer downward transcribers have,
in the main, been faithful to the matter of their respective
originals ; but as regards wording and orthography74
changes have been freely introduced. Fortunately the
transformation is never quite complete. Earlier forms
survive in every transcript ; and it is precisely these
survivals, together with a diagnosis of the personal
equation of the transcriber, based on his manifest mis-
takes and vagaries, which enable the practised paleo-
grapher to reconstruct the archet}-pe, to fix its date, and
to detect its dialect. For example, the Book of Taliesin

73 The man of one book has a great reputation for learning; but the man of one
MS. has that 'dangerous thing — a Httle knowledge. ' A regrettable instance of
this occurs on pp. 9-10 of a recent Welsh Grammar — the author does not know
enough of paleography to be conscious of his own ignorance. The 'cloud ' in
his fancy assumes the shape of a camel, of a weasel, and ends ' very like a
whale.' It is like the comparison of 'GwTecsam' to 'Gwreic Sam' — the re-
semblance is mere seeming without reality.

74 Cp. Black Book of Carmarthen 46'i-8 with Taliesin 44'8-is.*

xlii B.T.

belongs to the Margam school of writing; its ortho-
graphy is ' South-Walian,' while its ' hyxty ' for ' yny '
stamps the scribe as a native of Glamorgan. But the
occurrence of spellings such as de-, ed, egyd, megedorth,
en, sewyd, are abnormal, and point to the archetype
being in the dialect of Powys ; while the occasional
presence of t for B points to the twelfth century as its
date. A form like ' trei'tret ' is not a ' mistake,' but
evidence of our MS. being written at the very beginning
of a transition period. 75 After 1300 it was not an un-
common practice to flank (6 and)/ by a v or u when
they had the sound of v. Paleography thus teaches
that our manuscript was written at Margam, by a native
of the district towards the end of the thirteenth century 7^;
and that it was a copy of an archetype written some-
where in Pow^s in the twelfth century.

The various Tables of Scribal Errors furnish a
key to the personal equation of the scribe. These
' tables ' are worthy of attentive consideration. I have
endeavoured by classification of the errors to shew as
clearly as I could how they arose.77 Though the majority
of the examples are typical mistakes, every MS. must
be studied by itself, for much depends on the age of the
archetype and the idiosyncracy of the copyist.

75 I say ' at lliu very beginning ' because in the fourteenth century the examples
multiply as the century advances.

76 The style of the writing is that of about 1275 — it certainly appears to be
earlier than a MS. dated 1282. But if written by an elderly man, it might be 25
years later See p. 81.

77 Without the help of ocular demonstration on a blackboard it will be bard
for those unfamiliar with MSS. to 'see' how some misreadings have arisen.

*/ For the Tables of scribal errors see pages IJO-14J.
B.T. xUii

Mar-
gam

INDEX TO FIRST LINES.

Priv gyvarch gelvyd pan ryleat

Neur vum gan wyr kelvydon

Archav wedi yr trindawt

Ed ym peilliet ym pwyllat

Atwyn rin rypenyt yryret

Dews duw dehvat

Dygogan awen dygobryssyn

Bard yman ymae

Bum yn lliaws rith . .

Kyvarchav ym ren . .

Duw differth nevwy . .

En enw gwledic nev goludaw

Kennadeu am dodynt

Mydwyv merweryd . .

Golychavi gulwyd

Areith awdyl eglur . .

Ren rymawyr titheu

Dechymic pwy yw . .

Kychwedyl am dodyw

Golychav wledic pendevic pop \va

Teithi etmynt . . . etmygant

Advwyn gaer yssyS ar glawr gweil

Evrei etvyl ar veib israel

Kynan kat diffret

O pop adver y torov vroder

Torrit anvynudawl . .

xliv

\-\ =

64

I .

• '"35 =

68

II .

■ 325 =

Ill .

• 7-13 =

6

IV .

. 8-21 =

72

V .

. 104 =

VI .

■ "3'2 =

160

VII .

. 191 =

10

VIII .

• 239 =

26

IX .

• 2713 =

42

X .

. 2822 =

172

XI .

. 29'2I =

86

XII .

• 3024 =

98

XIII .

. 31'2I =

46

XIV .

• iy^ =

52

XV .

■ 34-15 =

S6

XVI .

• 35-22 =

60

XVII .

. 36-23=

2

XVIII .

. 3811 =

'54

XIX .

■ 40-4 =

100

XX .

. 4021 =

102

XXI .

• 42-17 =

116

XXII .

■ 44-17

XXIII .

• 45-«o =

90

XXIV .

. 46-5

XXV .

• 47-19 =

'94

B.T

ygoveisswys byt

Ar clawr elvyd

Ryvedav nachiawr

Ad duw meidat

Golychav wledic pendevic ri

Arwyre Jjwyr katraeth gati dj'd

Uryen yr echwyd

Eg gorffowys

Ar un blyned

E bore duw sadvvrn kat vawr a vii

Ard\v}Te reget ryssed ricu . .

Eg gwrhj't gogyveirch j'li trafferth

En enw gwledic nev gorchordyon

ILeuuyd cchassav

Ymchoeles elvyd

Madawc mur menwyt

Dyfifynhawn lydan dylleinw aches

Un duw uchav

Eneit Owein ap Vryen

Echrys ynys gwawt huynys

Mydwyv taliessin deryd gwawt

Dygogan awen dygobryssyn

Neu vi luossawc yn tr)dar . ,

Kein gyveSwch yam deulwch

Rydyrchavwy duw ar plwyff brython

Trindawt tragj'wyd . .

Kathyl goreu gogant

Yn wir dymbi romani kar

En Enw duw trindawt

Gvolychav vyn tat

Kein gencis kanav

Marchawc muth mistcrin

B.T.

XXVI

• XXVII

• XXVIII
XXIX

XXX

XXXI

. XXXII

XXXIII

XXXIV

XXXV

, XXXVI

XXXVII

xxxviii

XXXIX

XI,

XI, I

XI. II

XLIII

xi.iv ,

XLV .
XLVI ,

XI. VII .

xi.viii .

XLIX .

I, .

LI .

LII .

LIII .

LIV .

LV .

I.VI .

I.VII .

. 52-6

. . 5218

• 53-3

. 54>6=i26
. 5614= 158

• 5714= 76

• 58-13=106

• 597=198

. 6o-8 = 88

. 611= 82

. 62-17= I 12

. 6325= 78

. 65-6= 94

. 65-25 = 142
. 66-9=138

. 6618= 142

. 67-9=140
. 6718=124

• 68-5 = 132

69-9=120
. 7016= 150
• 7'7=i44

. 72-9=148
. 72-23=152

• 73-20

. 74'i2=i74
. 76-15 = 182

• 78-19

• 79-9
. 80-7

. 80-17 = 188

xlv

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PREFACE.

INTRODUCTION : vii.

1 The test of chronology applied to the use of Prydeiii,

Brython, Gualia, Kymry ... ... ... ix.

2 The identification of

Reged, xii., Godeii, xiv., Gogleh, xvii., Aeron,
&• Clut, xix., Prydyn, .v.r., Coed Llwyrein, xxi.,

Llwyvenyd, .xxii., Eibin ... ... ... ... .rxiii.

3 The use of Eponynis, .xxi>., and of Epithets ... ... .xxvi.

4 Vaticinations, x.wii.. History ... ... .v.wiii.

5 Authorship ... ... ... ... ... ... x.xix.

6 Autobiographic illustrations ... ... ... xxxi.

7 Characteristics ... ... ... ... xx.vtH.

THE SCIENCE OF DIPLOMA TICS xlii.

INDEX TO FIRST LINES xliv.

TEXT OF THE POEMS i-So

The Gatlurings of the MS. ... ... ... ... ... Si

NOTES — paleographical, textual, historical ... ... Sa

Additional Notes ... ... ... ... ... ... isS

TABLE OF SCRIBAL ERRORS 130

A list of some Books of reference ^'c. ... ... ... 144

GENERAL INDEX 146

A List of Subscribers.

xlvi B.T.

CORRECTIONS.

p./., 1. 1 2, for 'boycot' read 'boycott.'

p.vii., margin, read 'Addi/amentum"

p. tx., xii'i., xvi., & .rix. 1. 19, for Chester ? read Holt, see ii., fn. 1 1.

p. »>., amend fn. t . . . By Britto Martial and Juvenal mean an
inhabitant of Bretagne., 'at the mouth of the Somme,' in France.

p. .r., f n. 8, read : 'In the Berne MS. this work is dedicated to
King Stephen. This could only occur when he was friendly with
Robert of Gloucester, as 213.

p. .r., f n. 9, read 'jam non vocabantur, etc.

^.x^'. With regard to Taliesin's frequent use of Reged, it would
be more apt to observe that this was due to his associations with
this border country. It should also be pointed out that patrons fig-
ured frequently under an alias. For ex., Bertran de Born refers to
the earl of Brittany as Rassa, & to Henry, son of Henry ii., as Sailor.

p. .XV. Add to f n. 23 : — Note further that kymwd Geneu'r Glyn, in
Cantrev Penwedig, was attached to the Lords' Marches from 1066 to
1536. Mont. Coll., V. p. 118.

p. .r.r., 1. 4 and f n. 36. See A't^/Vj, 34'i. /?t'a(/ Comovii, 1. 17.

^.xxiv. As to 'CuneSaf,' metre and rhyme prove this form of the
name to be a fake of the scribe. See Notes, 69-1 f 17-21, 70-2-6.

p. .r.iT/., 1.27. For Owein Keveliog rca.d Owein Guyneb who was
for a time lord of northern Powys, and even of Keveliog itself in
1 162. See p. x.vvi., f.n. 61 ; notes 42-6-8.

^.x.rvi. For 'Anglesea' read 'Anglesey.' Delete x in 'courag-
eau-\', and omit 'Rhiannon' in f.n. 52. See Azotes, 68-i6.

p.x.n'iii. For II 47 read 1 146.

p. .r.r.r., 11. 7-13. Amend Introduction into: —
The rhyme suggests ILychfforS for ILychwr, and topo-
graphy confirms it, for the English of the emendation is
Lache Lane. Lache means "a pool, ditch, deep cart-
rut," etc. Now what playground can be imagined more
delightful to a boy than a lane abounding in ruts filled
with water? This Lane runs south south-west from
Chester through the township of Lache to Pulford.

p. j-.i-T///., 1. 25 ?read: Aye,thissonofCoel\o\\&d,e\.z. cp. .11'/. 1. 19.

p.xxxviii., 1. 13. Originally applied to the Lord Rhys.

B.T. xlvii.

For .> read

wherever it occurs.

Corrections of Notes, pp. 82—129.

First No/e— read : The text of page l represents lost pp. 1 and 2
of our MS. R.B. text is later, and in parts imitative, etc.
1 3" 1 5 cp. Mae breuSwyd am Berydon, etc. Tudur Aled.
\T20 tread: a chynhennyS.

20-6 The 'seith ugein cerfiawr' of 72-2 suggest : —
Seith ugein ogrwen Seven score lyres

yssy5 i'r Henben — has the Old Chief —

Wyth o bob ugein Eight out 0/ ei'ery score

ev vyT> or un sein. are tuned alike.

22-22 read: eufxn : eri/in . . . erfrin . . . e</rin.
3313 for 'cleric/' read 'cleri' . . . also 'corse' for 'corpse,' 3820.
35-4 fread: Bann, ban 5oeth o bair ogrwen A«-wen Dair.

Resounding, when it emerged out of the cauldron, was the
lyre of the very Grcuious Three, i.e. The Chart tes.
The Homeric CuARis, the Hcsiodic Chariths (three in number) personify
grace and beauty. They impart charm to eloquence, wisdom, and art —
refinement and gentleness to festive joys, and bestow everything that de-
lights and elevates gods and man. They favour poetry in p.\rlicular, and
embellish the works which the Muses inspire, just as the lyre lends charm
to the voice of the minstrel. Kerih-wen is but the alias of Homer's
Chabis, who may justly cl.aim Har.monia for mother. Classical Dict.
• bcirdd ogrwen' = minstrcls. See p- 129 s.v. ogyrwen-
42-2 1. for 'gwanef' read 'wane///' . . . also Cynran for Cynan 46-4.
43-17, b. fread: cyweithyS 7cylei8 — u5 erllyssan.
58-1 correct l-2j to i-^S . . . also rfillad into flillad 61-23.
62-25 cancel first line, and see vol. ii. \as action.

63-9 cyvrin gwern : ?cyvry& gwen . . . 7var is of the same nature
63-21 tread: Ac os y tyrr wySiv yn mg gwen

ev gwneiff an beir5 vy/// yn llawen.
And if he break his bill in the stress of war
he will make our bards ever happy.
63-25, b. for Gwely5 = "Chester," read 'estuary' of the Dee.
64-9 read: Hoffe5 ni 5ichawn Sawn a buchynt.
69- 1 2, b. cp. Ffwyr ffysc aer dervysc ar dervyn Lleon
llyw Prydein Llywelyn. R.B. P. 155-28.
72-2 for 'kep' read 'kept' . . cp.paluc{n. 73'«4) with Pem. iii-724.
p. 139-32 Wricesham in Peniarth MS. 231, p. 131. Leland's
'Wrighte/efham' is an er. for Wrightefef ham for Wrightwham.
p. 139-42 read: cp. 'Gwar-coed,' a common place-name ; Guor . .
p. 161 s.v. mordwyt read 'mordwy /ery5.'

xlviii. B.T.

The Book of Taliessin

^''^Rifgyuarch gcliiyd panryleat.pOy kynt ae i

tywyll ae goleuat . neuadaf pan vu padyd^
ycrcat.neu ydan tytwet .pyy2 y fcilyat. auo Heion 3
nyfniyn pCtyllat.ert qui peccatozamniuereit.coll-
ant jjC'lat nefOy plOyf ofifciicircit . bozcucbindcl . 02-
ganont teirpcl . eingyl gallwydel . gOnaont eii ry- 5
uel. pandaO nos adyd . pan iiyd llOyd eryz pannyd
tywyll nos . pan yO a^iyzd tlinos mo2. pandyuerC'yd
cOd anys gOelyd . yffit teir ffynnaOn . ymynyd fya- g
wn . yffit gaer gaithaCm . adan donn eigaOn .
Go2ithgyuarchaC'2 . pdy enO ypn2tha(i2 . pOy vu
perigla('2 . yuab nieir nidynuaC'L Pa ucffur mOy- u
naf.ao2uc adaf.pOy vcffur uffcrn .TiOy tcwet yllcnn^
pOy Hct ygeneu. pC'y nicint enneinhcu. neu ulacn
gOyd ffaliC'm .PycftOng mo2grOm.neu pet anat- 15

uon . yfTyd yneul)on . neuleu agOydyon . auuaiit
geluydyon . ncuawdant lyfy2yon> Pawnant pan-
daO nos alliant .panvyd ydiuant . cOd anos rac- 18
dyd . pandaO nafwclyd . Pater noflcr anibulo .
gentis tonans i adiuuando, sibilcm fignum
rogantcs fo2tum . am gOiO gOiO am gOmyd .am - 21

geiffant deugeluyd .anikaer kcrindan kcrindyd^
rytynncirch pect02 dauyd . y mwynant ysewant
yni kaffOynt yndirdan . kyniry yggiiduan . p20ua- 34
to2 encit . rac llOyth eiffyflleit . kymry p2if dirycit .
rann rygoll bOyeit^ gOaed hir ucheneit. afgOyar
honneit .dydocnt g('artlui02 .gOyducirch dyaruo2 . 27
eingyl ygliygo2 . gwclatt02 arOydon . gC'ynycith
ar faelTon . chiudus in fyon . orOyuannuflon . bydh-
aOt penn feiron . rac ftichit lewon . marini bzython „ 30
r>'daroganon . amcdi hcon . amhafren auon . Ha-
dy2 fiadyz kenn amaffOy. ffis an1ala.ftur.fi3. fel^
dy2ucdi trinct tramoed.crea(idy2 02ohai.huai gentil 33
ditTanai gofpcH . codigni cota gofgo2d niur co2nu
amandur. ncubum gan \vy2 kcluydon.gan uatli
hen gan gouannon. \Rcd Bookof Ikrgest,col. 1054]
u

3 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

gan ieOyd gan eleflron. ryganhymdeith achOyf- i
fon. blOydyn ygkaerofanhon.Oyf hen Oyf ne-
wyd.Oyf gOion.Oyf llOyrOyf synhOyr keinon. 3
Dygofi dyhen vaython.gOydyl kyl diucrogyon.
<X)cdut mcdOon. Oyf bard nyrifafi eillon.Oyf syO
llyO Oyf syO amryffon . Syhei arahei. Clrahci nys 6
medei. Siffradyr yny fradvi.pofbcirdein bzon-
rein adyfei.adeuhont uch medlen:ri.a,ganhont
gam vardoni . ageiffont gyfarOs nyf deubi . heb 9
gyfreith heb reith heb rodi. AgOedy hynny digo-
ui bzithuytabyt dyuyfci . nac eruyn ti hedOch
nyth vi. Ren nef rymawyr dy wedi. rac ygres 12
rymgOaref dy voli . Ri rex gle am gogyfarch yn
geluyd.aweleifli dns foztif . darogan dOfyn dni.
budyant uffern.hic nemo inper.pgenio. Ef di- 15
llygOyf ythOzyf dns uirtutu. kaethnaOt kyn-
nullOys eflif ifte eft.achyn buaffOn afvnfei ar-
naf. bOyf derwyn yduOdihcu. Echyn niynhOyf iS
derwyn creu. achyn del ewynuriO arvyggeneu.
Achyn vyghyfalle aryllatheu pzen.poet ym he-
neit ydagyfedeu. Abzeid om dyvveit Ilythyr llyf-
reu. kyflud dygyn gOedy gOely agheu. Ar saOl 22
agiglucu vym bard q-yfreu. r)-p2ynOynt wlat

nef adef gozeu. MarOnat y vil veib. 24

HRchaf wedi yr trindaOt. ren am rothOyr
dy volaOt.oryret paeffent periclaOt.an
g<)cilh an reith gOyth gogyffraOt. yd cdzyfynt 27

t«dn ►acxm ^ulm ^^ ^v^* tmt ♦i>\>r^>«^iv ;

MARWNAT Y VIL VEIB 4

feint sef kiOdaOt. rex nef bOyf ffraeth ohonaOt. i
kyn yfcar vy eneit am knaOt. rymawyr ym pai»
ym pechaOt. "IglCy eirolet racried. bydOyf oztrin-
daOt trugared. iolaf rybechaf eluyd gOaed naO 4
rad nef neflic toauoed. Adecuet feint feic feith-
oed. gOzhydzych ryfyd ieithoed . <X)o2heic mat 6
gynnyd kyhoed. nifer awyl duO trychoed.yn
nef yn dayar yn diwed. yn yg yn ehag yn yg-
wed.yg cozffyn eneit ynhagwed. Pell pOyll 9
rac rihydracwed.ath iolaf wiedic vvlat bed.
poet ymheneit ymbuched.yn tragywyd yg-
kynted yggOas nef nym gomed. 12

^[beflyl ar mcrthyri.gOerydon gOedwon gof-
ri. aselyf duO a serui. glan ieith glan teith dy
teithi.ac yn duun glas dyfyd imi.hyt pan 15
rychatOyf vyn teithi. Nifer auuant glan 10-
yfgradeu eurgolofneu eglOys.armeint tra-
ethadur atraethOys fywedyd llyfreu Il0yrl6ys 18
rac gOerin digarat difOyf. boet ymheneit y
amdififynnOyf. ];0^ Jfer auuant ynaghyffret
ufifern. oer gOerin _g(3ar§tret . hyt pym hoes 21
byt.hyt pan dillygOyf crift keithiwet. odOf-
ynueis affOyf e abaet. meint dyduc duO trOy 23
nodet. DOy vil veib o plant llia.clbimatu tin-
fra. aledeint yramiftraedzif crtri kila.deccra-
On rachel gOelfit phi . dybi ierofolima. 26

5 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

X\ J f^er feint amozica. anifer yii dull tozonia a. i
thozfi trachaerroma. apoli acalexandzia. aga-
ranOys ac indza . tres ptes diuicia . aficia affrica 3
europa. X^ifer feint capharnaOm.maritnen
anaim azabiilon acifucn aninifen ancptalim.
Judubziatuf azozim. Yndi ypzoffOydOys crifl, vab 6
nieir vcrch ioachim. oartemhyl pen echen pan ym.

X^Jfer feint erechalde. clot pell caflell marie,
nat attozroed fyloe eclie retunde phalatie cefa- 9
rie. amanion amabutc. adyffrynoed berfabe .
achyn cret gOyr cartafine areithuozyon retOnde.
ieithoed groec ac efrci alladin g<)yr llacharte . 12

X»^Jfer feint enugynyeit. deOzwyr echeurin eu
pleit. rac rihyd rOyfc uoleit . ketwyr neb cu ky-
neircheit. yn yg yn ehag ym pop reit. bOynt di- 15
naf yn cozff ac ynheneit. X'i'fs'' ^2'"^^ ficomozi-
alif a dep2offani yjiyf. armeint glan avendi-
g^ys dOfyr gOin gOyr ae diftryOyf. ac eiraOl ej is
urda61 pOyf. dan fyr feint ryfeilOys.

^;^^ifer feint adeily gozoz effectuf re inferioz.a
fupare fuperioz. ac armonim athyfoz. adyff- 21
ryn enoz asegoz. achartago maOz aminoz.ac
ynyfgOyr terwyn moz. X^K^-''' ftint ynys 23
pzydein. ac iwerdon adOyn ran . tozuoed mire-
in. gOeithredoed mirein. agredif agOeinif y
genhyn. '^^!^\fcr feint fcned anchwant.oduO 26

Id

..., ,..., ,^.,-Uccbcti^»mi.

ii^iwiiv^i«.Ac»mn«tnttimi^yfojJbytf

r-v.

r

^^tt aikV adnm C* /V« ♦>vUiMitc , • ^ ifcr fcmv

tJKcw^t «rf^wt-4iuian^ .tdKir mil nwzu
tif yUmt. Imt^ NkciwVjiv ud) cmmtr.cvii v^iJn

iWiu audi* ^tcdo ai nud vVJ\«i 41x^x1:14^*) ^^

i\i ■ uuti-M Ctp n1^ti£lu^lCl^ . <lU4inJij> fiur
il>i mAWluiV^A*" >u*>5«eaitiX^«Jacr4rw^'
*n tA iTuS? A»te\nr ttii iimUii iiit^N?nmrtii

I

f

J

i

MARWNAT Y YIL VEIB 6

dewin darogant.ym pop ieith ym pzydant.yg i
kylch eluyd ybuant. armeint doethur adaro-
gan crift achyn dybei d\buant. X^'^cr feint 3
oziente. achyfundaOt kiOdaOt iudc. ieithoed
groec acefrei.cllladin g6yr llacharte.
j^'eith vgeint feith vgeint fcith cant o feint 6
afeith mil afeith dec vgeint nouember nifer
aduunant . trdy verthyri mat doethant . Pym-
thec vtreint feint auuant.atheir mil niozia- 9
lif plant . hijs decembzif uch carant . tra phen
ieffu dichioaant . ^O^udeg mil yny gyman
agredOyf trOy lef ieuan . golychan gobzynant 12
ran. yn nefoed nyf digofant. ]l^aO mil feint
aaruollef bedyd achrefyd achyffes . yr goleith
poen poploed gCaes vffern oer yhachles. os 15
dofyd ryndigones. tr6y pen pedyr perit an lies.
divi venerunt angl'i in natale dni media j
nocte in laude cu paflozibs in bethleem. ni- is
uem angl'i decelo cu michaele archanglb qui
pcedunt pcelio erga animaf in mundo. am
niuem niuem angeli. pcedunt 9firmati. vni- 21
ftrati baptizati.ufq3 indie iudicij . quando fuit
xj5c crucifi.xuf ut sibi ipi placuiffet. veniffet
il)i in aOxiliu. plqh'i duo decim legionef ange- 24
lo^ toto ozbe tra^. ilic xpc uidente in agonia
in mundo. vt sint nrl auxiliu duodecim mi-
lia niilianle ante tribunal ilantem ciui lau- 27

7 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

dantie Laudantiu tu es mozes rex regum . i
Xl.ifer auu ac auyd vch nef is nef meint yf-
fyd.armeintagredOyf ygkywyd.agrediftrOy 3
ewyllif dofyd. meint arlit trOy yrodyd.trugar
duO dygerenhyd. QnbOyr gOar anwar gOledic.
nyth g(xlOyf kyn bOyf diennic . Toft yt gOyn 6
pop colledic . ffeft yd haOl eiffy wedic . ny reha bay t
ryodic.oryrct pzeffent pan Oyf die . traethaf
pan vydaf yggro ooffymdeith ofepio.oryfyr 9
omerthyr elo . yn edzyfynt feint fegerno.o
eir pechaOt pan ymbo.dim uch dim meint
am clyho. Buarth beird '2

d ympeilli =t ympOyllat. y veird bzython
.pzydeft ofer . ym ryozffeu ym ryoafed. di-
gaOn gofal ygofangoad. Oyf eiffygpzen kyfyg 15
argerd. Buarth beird arnyf gOypo. pymtheg
mil dzoftaO yny gymhOyffaO. Oyf kerdolyat.
Oyf keinyat claer. Oyf dur Oyf dzyO Oyf faer Oyf 18
syO.Oyf farff Oyf ferch ydymgeftaf. NytOyf
vard fyn yn aryfreidaO . pan gan keinyeit
canu yg kof. nyt ef wnafut Oy ryfed vchon. 21
handit ami eu herbynyaO. mal aruoll dillat heb
laO. Val ymfaOd yn Ilyn heb naO. Tyrui achef
ehofyn ygrad uchel ygOaed mozdOyt trefyd. 24
Creic amwanec.Ozth vaOz trefnat . anclut
yfcrut efcar nodyat. Creic pen perchen pen
anygnat.yn gOna medut meddaOt medyd. 27

s

V

,^»-ri-P

V'vf lie \nmvvt.Ku•ah•^<w^•^ a^wil di*t:.4i
UnxN abnt tw V^\ni vtvt.-fc^vt «f c«n;tf amn'ffctt

nctvv\m^^t^radKluv^tt^4m«5«hu♦^\♦c.4d[i I
^n clvnn\^HhnnU\vA:A4ur.l>u,5«ll>jo»3c5 ^vnl> ^
d» ncn*rtnNWr.AMl\miicttlUKl'ti>)«-v^!atr
Cii\nnnt'a\Tn>atiiiKl»cu«r.CnUW«Jl*n«ii j

pcii\nitt:.mtvntl> vnuut. ami »j«(^:MIuv^!k»u
yiiu.AMlV)nt(n4nc(ittarticn.(>^)l^inm\\U) .
nm^n o\no»i\Mti)a4idii »\^'\nMUid[>.iV4lcrr. J
Ady ^i^wct vfottUiXvil ^nKiMutt* ^l«m \«5iB
tVal ^v«t ^tlUt\moet1f . tva\ taiiuu cu^\nic I
4jrtt;ict(>H\Ml v^i^n yviUw »a-Uwtl)»i\Mi on '

i^^nAfvWii^lUfmildbnv.tHmVnntj;^^^

ivMVtibnttfir ^^uvnnKU Kvilictfiiu -
"^nmiw ivvo«**'vm'«t'.*U*4ltattnni
_^An"b\*i> >u(> >\w^»4nvt Jlnnm lH*fc*
7llv\♦^^Jmc^ d«>iJvfhtt Jvall tnwni Vitmlivm
^livi\«fet.flLtV\m nu^ u^ bl«a^n41f ..Iran iitinm
/ tiAcl fMAi«^\Hhtf .^2Uvnni «Mtvn vn awiStrtHm
/ tia\«af.AfaUat(nni^^ettttbair<^iUf.prt>v^

*

BUARTH BEIRD AR ADVWYNEU 8

Oyf kell Oyf dell Oyf datweir llet . Oyf llogell kerd i
Oyf lie ynnyet. karaf ygozOyd agozeil clyt. a
bard abzyt ny pzyn yret. Nyt ef caraf amryffon- 3
yat ageibyl kcluyd ny meued med. MadOf my-
net yrymdiot acheluydeit amgeluydyt.ach-
am clOm kyftOm kywlat. Bugeil baooed pozth- 6
oed neirthyat. Mai ymdeith heb troet y gat .
Eri vynnei ymdeith heb troet. Eri vagei kneu-
ha heb goet. Mai keiffaO bydueid yggruc. Mai 9
peireint anrcith yn uut . Mai gofgo2d lluyd heb
pen. Mai pozthi anclut ar ken. Mai grynnyaO
tyndei o V20 . Mai haedu awyr abach . Mai eir- 12
ach agOaet yfcall. Mai gOneuthur goleu ydall.
Mai docni dillat ynoeth.Mal tannu engOyn
artraeth. Mai po2thi pyfcaOt arlaeth. Mai toi 15
neuad adeil. Mai lladu llyry agOyeil . Mai todi
:lyfet rac geir. 6yf bard neuad . Oyf kyO kadeir.
Digonaf y vcird llafar llcfleir. kyn vy argyO- 18
rein ym garO gyfloc. rypzynhom ni an Hoc yth-

ty di vab meir. ^duOyneu TaliefTm.

HTdyn rin rypenyt yryret.arall atOyn 21

pan \'yd duO dymg0aret.At6yn kyfed
nOy gomcd gogyffrct .Qrall atOyn yam kyrn
kyfyfet. HtOyn nud ud blcid naf. clrall atOyn 24
hael gOyl golyflaf . AtOyn aeron yn amfer kyn-
hayaf. arall atOyn gOenith argalaf. HtOyn
hcul ynehOybyr yn nOyfre.arall alOyn rythal- 27

c

9 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

hOyr acdc. AlO\ II inarch myy'vzas man grc. i
arall alOyii ililO\OhOc. HlOyn chwant ac ary-
ant amaerOy. ar. at. dy vozOyn mocUOy. AtO. 3
eryrarlan llyr pan llanhOy. ar.at . gOylein yn-
crOarOy. HtOyii march ac eurgalch gylchOy.
ar. at. aduOyii yii adOy. At. eynaOn medic yli- 6
aOs . ar. at. kerdaOa hael hygnaOf . At . mei y
gogeu aceaOs.ar.at. pan vyd hin haOf. Ht6.
reith apherpheith neithaOa . ar.at. kyflOyn a- 9
garhaOz. At. bzyt Ozth penyt periglaOz. ar.at.
dydOyn yallaOz. At. med ygkynted ygerdaOz.
ar. at. am terwyn tozyf vaOz . at. cleiric catho- 12
lie yn eglOyf. ar. at. enefyd yn eg] neuadOyf.
Ht. plOyf kymrOydOy atowyf. ar.at. yn amfer
paradOys. At. lloer llewychaOt yneluyd. ar.at. 15
pan vyd dadymgofyd. At. hafacaraff hirdyd.
ar. at. athreidaO ageryd. Ht. blodeu arwarthaf
perwyd. ar. at. achreaOdyr kerenhyd. At.didzyf 18
ewic acelein. ar.at. ewynaOc am harchuein.
At. lluarth pan llOyd ygenhin. ar. at.katawarth
ynegin. Ht. edyftyftyr ygkebyftyr lletrin.-' ar. 21
at. kyweithaf abzcnhin. At. gleO nOy goleith
gogywec. ar.at. ellein gymraec. At. gruc pan
vyd ehoec. ar.at. mozua ywarthec. Ht. t)-mp. 24
pan dyn Hoc llaeth. ar. at. ewynaOc marchoga-
eth.Acyfimi at6yn nytgOaeth.athat bual
Ozth tal mcducith. At. pyfc yny hn llywyaOt.-' 27

f d«)^Ctt4C<J«*k>«.*lv«K'V^Vv^*TttttvWf.Hli^.

i JIf.VUn>fVvmnw^rv^w>4^.ttv^t'.Vtt4mfar
i^ ^45(^Ve.Jtr4U«»*ttcM««KMrt-\m4Uiv*.Ai*«4r.

h 4r.at;4Hnm\U>4^^*^.lH<>d2U4r(Wttthtf
[ 4Kl\vyv^.al^4t.4rffl1wi>^\n*tt4ltmln»^.3^^tJwf
5 <50^r4cdcm.Jv4r.<sflMw<JtamlMitlm«tti.

'\n**c!jo^.«Jr.4t.tti«jnuvHVai*HKJc. fl^tifm|>.
!^ .V4«^Wll^tUMtl)HV.4r.<<V>\nuw•m4ltKJW
^ (tlv^vf imi4t(nmntH:«^M^.AtHtr1nul

^

T I

1^ ' u

lltt4>6r4tHnvAU.4mvfti^^()4^)en^im«Ui' *^
^Wte.l^f^Vkjevwalnist VAC vViUttvm*<t»t*tf ^

YR ADVWYNEU A DYDBRAWT lO

■irall. at . yozeilO gOaryhaOt. At . geir alcfeir i
ytrindaOt. ar. at. rypenyt ypecha6t. AduOyn-
hafozaduOyndaOt/kerenhyd adofyd dydbzaOt. 3
t/^EOs duO delwat . g . yiymcs detbrawt.
e^ii^gOlcdic gOacd neirthyat . crifl icffu gO-
ylyat . rOyfc rihyd amnat . atuclach kaffat . 6
nym gOnel heb ranned . moli dy trugaretl .
Nydyfu yma.g^ledic dygynna. Nydyfuny
dyfyd . neb kyftal adouyd . ny ganet yn dyd 9
plOyO.neb kyftal aduO.nac nyt adef. neb ky-
ftal ac ef. Vch ncf if nef. nyt gOledic namyn
ef. Vch mo2 if moz. efancreOyf. Pandyffode- 12
Os . ef angOnaho maOz trOs . DydbzaOt ynech-
wrys. kcnnadcu o dzOf. GOynt . amoa.athan.
lluchet atharyan .eiryf nyt ab gOengan . llO- 15
yth byt yggriduan. ergelaOz.dygetaOz llaOhc-
than. ergclhaOz mo2 afyr. pan difcynho pat",
ydadyl ae nifer. adiyrn gopctroa ac enynnu 18
mo2 . llOyth b)t llofcetaOz . hyny uOynt mar-
waOz . llofcaOt ynyal ran rac y vaOz varan . Ef
tynho aches racy varanres .diffurn dyd rcgc?. 21
gOae aeharhoes . Ef tardho talaOz . terdit ncf
ylaOz . gOynt rud dygetaOz . ech ygad6yna02.
Neu byt mo2 waftat mal pan great. Scitli 24
pedyrae dywaOt. dayar diwarnaOt. DywaOt
thiO finIOiii dayar yn \n ff02n . Sad02n vo2C
rO)cl . yn gOiiahi) ii)' cuUi)(l . tir b\ daOl lywyd. 27
li 2

II THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

<:;()yntytoclo j^Oyd. cbzyn po[) dyhcd. pan li)fco i
mynydcd. atuyd triirancd achyrn rac rihed.
kyfoethaOc aehenuyn . moz.atir.allyn . ntuyd 3
cryn dygryii . adayar gychwyn. ac uch pop mc-
hyn. amarO meinuudyn. Eryf arirelOch. ac
ennynu llOch. Ton ajjhyolOch . taryan ymryth- 6
Och.tcithiaOc afar, ac eryf trOy alar, ac enyn-
nu trCyv var.rOg nef adayar. Pan dyffo trin-
daOt ymaes maeftaOt . llu ncf ymdanaO . llo- 9
yth llydan attaO. k\T(.l acherdoayon achlathlcu
egylyon. Daychafant ovedeu.eirant o dechzeu.
Eirant kOn coet. argymeint adoet. arewiny-
Oyf moz.awnant maOz gaOz.pzyt pan dyffo 13
ef ae gOahano . Y saOl auo meu . ymchoelant
odeheu. adigon6y kamwed . ymchoelent ypth-
gled. Ponyt erlyf dy gyfreu.alefeir dy eneu*
dyvynet yn du hynt yn nanheu yn tywyll 17
heb leuuereu . ac ym oed y ereu . ac ym ocd i
icitheu. ac ym oed i ganwlat ac eu cant Ilonc-
it. Canuet gOlat pzeffent . ny bum heb gat- 20
went. Oed mynych kyfar chwerO yrof am kef-
ynderO.Oed mynych kyryfcOydat yrof yam
kywlat. Oed mynych kyflafan . yrofi artruan .
am gozyO hOn vyth. nym gOnaei dyn byth. 24
amgyrrOyf ygcroc awidOn ynoc. am gyrKi-
yf ym pzen . dipynOys vym pen . TafaO ti vyn-
deu troet. moz tru eu hadoct. TauaO dyr boenet 27

j^tlt^ Attii^.Uyrd 4H)cr^(nvw 4^
6f4<i^tvmd*Vftii'iAtu>tn<m.vtmlv^4itt

iiat(vm.^vmo«6t^4it^^4C4uc4tittlUtid
»c.<£4im^^UtindTe«tr.nvUmntKij*r^ ^

UvW4t.^^irtvn^\H»fw«m.\»wfv4v'^^ ;

»

^..?*.'V -;'«iifc*»='-

l)atthrnw: ^vuv^.t\lu4V? >\n-c<rtnv>u >niw
onV\'^c4U4m.^ui40>\« ^ttln:u>t.vw^'Vnn\

iitt.^iuwv> ^\♦ c«(hti aiV\my vvtVvn tu.liav

ontiid'^y ftiii ^ytmm .3^iu Wn- yn Adnu^
yttcuMmAi^.tiiyeiiJuVi nn*y»>iTt^^%n!jM

mwri> Watm y^^♦t^lt(> anwu^^y V<^tilkrti>
en(^w^iu4>4yyC4ita«ti)»dumU Moy6vti<i>

cr^Mtt yttl^v*»^l<i«^♦^c«lmUl^nl owe v*^
t»s«J<A«(n «ii<jc. wcum<*ttvVcti Mur metnr <m
tKtfl\4ur.^»lr ^»w^tttytli «imiut;4ld>yt4wd>
Wi ^^tr.uy 4>m mil btoysyti^ tiaiuyn \m

DRYCHAVANT O VEDEU 12

efcyirn vyn tract. TauaOdy vyn dOy vzeich ny i
ny dybyd eubeich. TauaO dy vyn dOy yfcOyd.
handit mo2 dyuyd. TauaO dyr cethron ymy- 3
On vyg Gallon . TauaO dy gethraOt . yrOi( vyn
deu lygat. TauaOyr daallat cozon daein ym
iat . Tau;iO dy ocftru awanpOyt vyn lu . Teu 6
yOchitheu nial yr yoch llaO deheu. Joch ny b\'d
mudcu vyi)\van abereu. Awledic ny wydyem .
pan oed ti atrrogem . gOlcdic ncf (^[Oledic pop 9
tut ny wydem ni grift tut vyhut . Bei ath Oy-
bydem . crift athathechem . Nyt aruollir gOat
gan lOyth eiffyfflat . DigonfaOch i anuat yn 12
erbyn dofydyat . Can mil cgylyon yffyd imi
yn tyfton. adoeth ymkyrchaO gOedy vyg cro-
gaO.Ygcrocyn greulet. my hun ym gOaret. 15
yn nefoed bu cryt. pan ym crogyffit. Pan ozel-
wif k eli dy culoyd uch •keli. adienOch deuicu-
an ragof y deu gynran. adeu lyfyr yn ach llaO iS
yn eu darllcaO. nys deubi ryrys rygoffOy rygof-
fys. ac aOch bi wynnyeith gOerth aOch ynuyt
areith . kayat02 ydyleith arnaOch y vffernllcith 21
Crift ieffu uchel ryfeilas trychamil bloydyncd
cr pan yttiO ymbuched. aceil mil kyn croc yt
Icwychi enoc. ncu nyt atwen daut mcint cu 24
hciffylut. gOlat pzeffent ylh crmut. achyt aOch
bci odii. irychan mil ijloydyncd nann n \n 26

13 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

ozic odit buched tragywyd. jgCrymes pzydein

'•f\ Ygogan awen dygobzyffyn . maraned a vaOz.

A-^meued ahed genhyn. aphennaeth ehela- 3
eth affraeth vnbyn. agOedy dyhed anhed ym
pop mehyn. GOyr gOychyr yntrydar kafnar
degyn. efcut yggofut ryhyt diffyn. GOacthyl 6
gCyr hyt gaer weir gOafgaraOt allmyn. gOna-
haOnt gozuoled gOedy gOehyn.achymot kym-
ry agOyr dulyn . G6ydyl iwerdon mon aphry- 9
dyn . coznyO achludOys eu kynnOys genhyn.
atpozyon uyd bzython pan dyozfyn. Pell dygo-
ganher amfer dybydyn. Teyrned abonhed eu 12
gozefcyn. g<jyr gogled yg kynted yn eu kylch -
chyn. ymperued eu racwed ydifcynnyn.

^Oyfgogan <X)yrdin kyferueyd hyn. yn aber 15
perydon meiryon mechteyrn. achyny bei vn
rcith llcidi agOynyn. ovn ewyllif bzyt ydymOz-
thuynnyn. (X)ciryon eu tretheu dychynnullyn. 18
Ygketoed kymry nat oed atelhyn. yffydOzdyly-
edaOc alefeir hyn. ny dyffei atalei ygkeithiwet.
(X)ab meirmaOz aeir pzyt nathardet. rac pen- 21
naeth faeffon aceuhoffed. Pell bOynt kychmyn
yOztheyrn gOyned. ef gyrhaOt allmyn yalltuded.
nyf arhaedOy neb nyf dioes dayar. ny wydynt 24
py trciglynt ym pop aber. pan pzynaffant danet
tr6y fflet called, gan hozsahegyf oed yng euryffed.

" >»wHwJvw 4i^nt^. dp ^1vurt:4lUnvm v4^Uu^^^.
^Jvrw^^mt'ymV^V4^*«V*«V^^=^"**^^^^^^"^

It^

Mir «i4m (vm^K^ «Mv^.^^d^vmv'^ Od^iii ^ ^
J., , lfiMUlt<r' ^ac\»^lv^ 4»4Wku ^t^um ^VJ4a«^

t^vrift tviiHrbyt uytfiirv^m ave]^^vhTnli^tt'
o&mwin vv>m A^ v^tii vni^<)fv^i »^ mn 4Mt
tt Wiitn ^uUvtt t)tviM 6ttl)\j«i ^it««J^v«w

4.

^.

ARYMES PRYDEIN VAWR 14

eu kynnyd bu yOzthym yn anuonhed. gOedy i
rin dilein keith ymynuer.dechymyd med-
daO ma(>2 wiraOt o ved.dechymyd aghen ag- 3
heu llawer. dccymyd anaeleu dagreu ,g(i2aged
dychyfroy etgyllaeth pennaeth lletfer.dcch-
ymyd triflit byt aryher. Pan uyd kechmyn 6
danet an teyrned. GOzthottit trindaOt dyrna-
Ot abOyller. ydilein gOlat v2ython afaeffon
yn anhed.poet kynt eu reges yn alltuded . no 9
mynet kymry yn diffroed. CD^b meir maOz
aeir pzyt naf terdyn. kymry rac goeir hzeyr
ac vnbyn. kyneircheit kyneilweit vn reith 12
cOynnyn. Vn g02 vn gygho2 vn eiffor ynt.nyt
oed yrmaOzed naf lleferynt. namyn yrhebcoz
goeir nafkymodynt. YdduG adewi ydymo2ch- 15
ymynynt.talet g()2thodet flet y allmyn.g{Mia-
ent Oy aneireu eiffeu trefdyn. kymry asacffon
kyferuydyn yam Ian ymtreukiO ac ymOzthzyn'.
odirua02 vydina62 pan ymp2ofyn. ac am allt 19
lafna02 agaOz agryn. a.c am g()y geir kyfyrgeir
yam peurllyn. alluman adaO agarO difcyn. 3,
mal balaon faeffon fyrthyn. kymry kynyrche- 22
it kyfun dullyn. blacn Ozth von granwynyon
kyfyng ocdyn. meiryon ygwerth eu geu yneu
creinhyn. Eu bydin ygOaetlin yn eu kylchyn. 25
I'>cill ar cu tract trOy goct kilhyn. T2('y u02ch

15 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

ydiiiaf ffoxas ffohyn. ryfel heb dychwel y tirpzy- i
dyn. atto2 trtiylaO _Ljygho2 mal moallithryn.
(X)ciryon kaer geri difri cOynant. rei ydyffryn j
abzyn nyf dirwadaiit.yaber perydon ny mat
doethant. anaeleu eu tretheu dychynullant.
naO vi^cin canhOz ydifcyniKint. maOz watwar o
namyn pctwar nyt atcozant. tlyhcd yeu jrOza-
jredadywedant. eu cryffeu yn llaOn creu aozol-
cliant. kymry kyneircheit eneit dichwant. 9

g(iyrdchcu eu tretheu aamygant. llym llifeit
llafiiaOz llOyrylladant. nybyd y vedyc mOyii 02
awnaant. bydinoed katwaladyr kadyrydeuant. 12
rydzychafoynt kyniry kat awnant. ILcith anolc-
ith rydygyrchaffant. yggoaffen eu tretheu agheu
aOilant. ereill arofceill ryplanhaffant. oef oeffeu 15
eu tretheu nyf efcozant. ygkoet ymaes ym
bzyn. caiihOyll yn tywyll agerd genhyn. kyn-
an ynracwan ym pop difcyn. Saeffon rac bzy- iS
thon gOae agenyn . KatwaUidyr ynbakidyr gan
yunbyn. tK>yfynh(iyr ynllOyr yn eu dichlyn.
I'an fvrth(iynt eu clas d2of eu herchwvn. Ysjfcuf-
tud achreu rud ur rud alhnyn. Ygg02ffen pop 22
agreith anreith degyn. Self arhynt hyt gaer-
wynt kynt pOy kynt techyn . gOyn eu byt Oy
gymry pan ad2odynt. ryngOaraOt ytrindaOt 25
02 trallaOt gynt. na ch2ynet dyfet naglyOyffyg

i

isr ,_

■*•

T^ vf d^kiAh^ m«lii>t tnc«^*n mid^yvfiM0f^

i«^)«^'

ARYMES PRYDEIN VAWR i6

nyf gOnaho molaOt mciryoii mechteyrn. ua i
chynhozyon faeffon keffyii ebzyn . nyf g(inaho
medut meddaOt genhyn . heb talet odynget 3
meint ageffyn. Oymdifeit veijion ac crcill 1
ryn. trOy ciryaOl dewi a feint {J2yde)^n. hyt ffrta
arlego ffoh;i02 allan. Dyfgogan awen dydaO 0
ydyd. pan dyffo iwyfy vn gOffyl. Vn C02 vn gyg-
h()2 allocgyr Ilofcit. yrgobeith anneirao ar yn
pzydaO lu\d. Qcherd aralluro affo l^eunyj]. ny 9
Oyrkud ymda cOd a cOd vyd. DychyrchOynl
gyfarth mal arth ovynyd.ytalu gOynyeith
gOaet euhcnyd. a,tvi peleitral dyfa] dillyd. nyt 12
arbettOy car cozff ygilyd. atui pen gaflaO heb
emcnnyd. Atui gOzaged gOedO ameirch gOei-
1yd. Atui obein vthyr rac ruthyr kctwyr. nlli- 15
aOfllaO amhar kyn gOafcar Ikiyd. Kennadeu
aghcu dychyferwyd. pan fafhoynt galaneil Ozth
eu hennyd. Ef diala02"ytrctli "argOerth beunyd
ar nnnych gennadcu argculuyd. X^yft.'"^^"^ "^
k) iiiry ypcri trOy kyfergyr. yn gyweir gyteir
gytfon gytffyd. I)ygo2fu k)niiry yperi kat. a 21
llOyth lliaOf gOlat agynnullant. alkiman gkm
dcvvi adzychafant. ytywyffaO g0\-dyl tK'y liciii-
gant. agynlion dulyn genhyn yfafant. pan 24
dyffont yrgatnyt ymwadant. gofynnant yr
faeffon py geiffyffant . jAiy meint cu dylyet 26

02 vvlat

17 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

02 wlat adulyant. c(> mae eu herCi pan feilyaffaiU. i
cOmae eukenedloed py v2o pan doethant. yr
amfer g(utheyrn genhyn yfathzant. ny cheffir 3
owir rantir ankarant. Neu vzeint an feint pyr
yjaghyffant. ncu reitheu dewi pyr ytozraffant.
ymgetwynt g>;niry pan ymwelant. nyt ahont 6
allmyn oznen ysafant. hyt pan talhont feith
wejth gOerth digonfant. ac agheu diheu yg\ve-
rth eu cam, ef talhaOz o anaOz garmaOn garat. 9
yE?^5ir yXD^*^ arpetwarcant. GOyr gOychyr
gOalk hn-yon ergyr dofyd . o dihol faeffon o iwer-
dpn dyjD)^. Dybi olego lyghef rewyd. rewiny-
aOt ygat rOy^caOt lluyd. Dj^bi oalclut gOyri 13
dzut diweir ydihol opzydein vjrdn luyd. Dybi
olydaO pzydaO gyweithyd . ketwyr yarkatueirch
ny pheirch euhennyd . Saeffon o pop parth y 16
gOarth ae deubyd. ry treghif eu hoes nyf dioes
eluyd. dyderpi agheu yrdu gyweithyd. clefyt a
d)^ljd acan_g(>eryt. GOedy eur ac aryant achan- 19
hOynyd. boet perth eu differth ygwerth eu dzyc
fifyd. boet mo2 boet aggz eu kuffywy kuffulwyr
boet creu boet agheu eu kyweithyd. Kynan a 22
chatvvaladyr kadyr ynlluyd. EtmyxcaOz hyt
vzaGt ffaOt ae deubyd. Deu vnben deg-yn dOys
eu kuffyl. deu ozfegyn faeffon opleit dofyd. 25
deu hael deu gedaOl gOlat warthegyd. deu di-

..t^^e^^:

' ^^dpCwi^Wrtli ^t^TnCsnt. ^uM^sflfKu M;cwy«2r«i\!
r^llt;Nti^:«ll^dofy>». 0^^il^H f«s«(i&m oidto*

ARYMES PRYDEIN VAWR i8

archar baraOt vnffaOt vnffyd. deu erchwynaOc i
pzydein mirein luyd. deu arth nyfgOnagdarth
kyfarth beunyd. "D yfgogan derwydon me- 3
int aderuyd. ovynaG hyt lydaO yn eu llaO yt
vyd. o dyuet hyt danet (ly bieiuyd. o waOl hyt
weryt hyt eu hcbyr. ILettataOt eu pennaeth 6
trof yr echOyd. attoz argynhon saeffon nybyd.
atchwelOynt Oydyl ar eu hennyd. rydzychaf-
Oynt gymry kadyr gyweithyd. bydinoed am 9
gt'zOf athOzOf milwyr. Qthcynicd deOs ryge-
dOyf eu ffyd. iwif ypop llyghef tres aderuyd.
achymot kynan gan ygilyd. ny alwaOz gyn- 12
hon yn gynifwyr namyn kechmyn katwal-
adyr ae gyfnewitwyr. Eil kymro llawen lla-
far auyd. am ynyf gymOycit heit aderuyd. 15
pan fafliOynt galaned Oath eu hennyd. hyt yn
aber fantwic sOynedic vyd. allmyn argych-
wyn yalhudyd. ol 02th ol att02 areu hennyd. is
Saeffon Ozth ago2 ar vo2 peunyd. kymry gOen-
eraOl hyt vzaOt g02uyd. Na chciffOynt lyfraOa
nac aga02 bzydyd. arymes yr ynys hon nam- 21
yn hyn nybyd. JolOniri agreOy.s nef ac eluyd.
poet tywyffaOc dewi yrkynifwyr. ynyrygge-
lli kaer am duO yffyd. ny threinc ny dieinc nyt 24
ardifpyd. ny OyO ny wellyc ny plilyc ny chryd.

c Angar kyfyndaOt.

19 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

w3 Ard yman ymae neu cheiiit aganho. kanct i
At^pan darffo. fywedyd yn yt uo. haelon am
nacco. nyf deubi arotho. trt'y ieith talieffin. bu- 3
dydemellin. kian pan darfu. lliaof \ l^) foki.by-
lleith bitareith auacdu. neuf due yn gcluyd. ky-
ureu argywyd. GOiaOn alcferjd.ackifyn dyfyd. 6
gOnaei ovarO vyO. ac aghyfocth yO.. gOncynt
eu peiron averwynt heb tan. gOneynt eu de-
lideu yn oes oeffeu. dydOyth dydyccaOt.odyfyn- 9
wedyd gOaOt. Neut angar kyfyndaOt. pOy ychy-
nefaOt. kymeint kerd kiOdaOt adelif aOch taf-
aOt. pyrna threthoch traethaOt. Hat uch llyn 12
llathzaOt. pcnillyach paOb dybydaf yna gnaOt.
dOfyn dyfu ygnaOt. neur dodyO yflygnaOt. Tzy-
dyd par ygnat. Tz\ vgein mlyned yt poztheis 15
i laOzwed. yn dOfyr kaO achiwed. yn eluyd tired,
kanweif am dioed. kant rihyd odynoed. kan yO
yd aethant. kan yO ydoethant. kan cilewyd y is
gant. a.c ef ae darogant. ILadon verch liant. oed
bychan ychwant y eur ac aryant. POyr byO ae
diadaf gOaet yarwynwaf. odit traethatoz maOz 21
molhatoz. mitOyf talieffin. ryphzydafy iaOn llin.
paraOt hyt ffin yg kynelO elphin. Neurdeiryg- 23
het o rif eur dylyet. Pan gaffat ny charat anudon
abzat. nu ny chwenychvat trOy gogyuec angOa-
Ot. agogyfarchOy gOaOt bzaOt Ozthyf ny gOybyd 26

[nebaOt.

.;U0tt).tt^< .VuVi4W)t!v.twvi«ti) tuiisftftti.bu ^

''ijmtt,4c«facMi^4jjt.Il4ik>tiiKntl)U4ttr. >«^
ln»Hfvtn vH[)(V%mtrv<mv4c4rvttmr.^5vwlnn>4e

WfW1)ytrfBtt\^t^mcU>4^)feiii.:tVJurA2«^
\>tw<«r^U«t;^«a(Cttmydia«r4n*^

.au5';

r

ii4»ulT&vttcm>v A^♦tnLli♦:!n^^cf\»A;'V^ fan
:pct4Udti ai1)v^;r. ^waiuti y* vwt♦^lVMrv<n^ v^ •

ANGAR KYVYNDAWT 20

Doethur pzif geluyd. difpOyllaOt sywedyd. i
am Oyth am edzyCyth am doleu dynwedyd.
am frOyrt^OaOt geluyd. kerdOn duO yffyd trOy 3
ieith talhayarn. bcdyd budyd varn. avarnOys
teithi angerd vardoni. Ef ae rin nodes awen ae-
hymes. Seith vgein ogyruen yffyd yii awen. 6
Oyth vgcin opop vgein euyd yn vn. yn annOfyn
ydiOyth. yn annOfyn ygozOyth. yn annOfyn is
cluyd.ynawyr uch eluyd ymaeaegOybyd py 1 9
trillit yffyd gOell no llewenyd. GogOn dedyf ra-
deu awen pan deffreu. am geluyd taleu.am det-
wyd dieu.am buched ara.am oeffeu yfcozua. 12
am haual teyrned. py hyt eu kygwara. am gy-
haual ydynt trOy weryt maOzhydic. fyvvyd pan
dygyfrenfit awcl uchel gyt.pan vyd gohoyO bzyt
pan vyd mo2 hyfryt. pan yO gOzd echen. pan e- 16
chzeuOyt uchel. neu heul pan dodir. pan yO toi
tir. toi tir pOy mcint. pan tynhit gOytheint.
GOytheint pan tynnit. Pan yO gOyrd gOeryt.
GOeryt pan yO gOyrd. POy echenif kyrd. kyrd 20
pOy echenis. yfl;irj)Oy yflyryOys. YflyryOyt yn
llyfrcu pet wynt pet ffreu. pet ffreu pet wynt.
pet auon arhynt. pet auon yd ynt. dayar pOy y 23
llet. neu pOy ytheOhet. gogOn trOs llafnaOz am
rud am laOz. gogOn atrefnaOz rOg nef allaOz. pan
atfcin aduant. pan ergyr diuant. pan lewych 20

21 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

aryant. pan vyd tywyll naiit. anadyl {xin yO du. i
pan yOcreu auu. buch pan yO bannaOc. G62cic
pan yO ferchaOc. llaeth pan yO t^jOyn. pan yO 3
glas kelyn. pan yObaruaOt myn. ynlliaOf me
hyn. pan yO baruaOt. pan yO keu efOz. pan yO
mcdO colOyn. pan yO lledyf ozdOyn. pan yO baith 6
iyrchwyn. Pan yO hallt haloyn. CoaOf pan yO
yflern. pan yO lletrud gOern. Pan yO gOyrd Ui-
nof. pan yO rud egroes. neu wreic ae dioes. 9
Pan dygynnu nof. py datweir yffyd yn eur lli-
ant. ny Oyr neb pan rudir ybzon huan.lIiO yn
erkynan newyd anahaOz ydOyn . Tant telyn 12
py gOyn. coc py gOyn py gan. py geidO ydidan.
py dydOc garthan gereint ararman. Py dydOc
glein oerddygnaOt vein. Pan yO per erwein. 15
pan yO gOyrliO bzein. Talhayarn yff)^! mOyhaf
yfywedyd. POy amgyffraOd gOyd caches amot
dyd. GogOn da adzOc cOd a. cOd amewenir mCc.
maOz meint gogyhOc. kaOc pOy ae dylifas. POy 19
gOaOz gozffennaf. pOy abzegcthaf . eli ac eneaf.
GogOn gogeu haf. auydant ygayaf. awen aga-
naf. odOfyn ys dygaf. auon kyt beryt. gogOn 22
ygOzhyt. GogOn pan dyueinO. gogOn pan dy-
leinO. GogOn pan djllyd. gogOn pan wefcryd.
GogOn pypego2 yffyd ydan vo2. GogOn eu heif- 25
fo2 paOb yny ofco2d. Pet gyglo)J; yffyd yn dyd

■21

'^ yon v^cum auu • Inufi v^ vi> U4muu.(^>)ctt
^Ud iJ^UmV^mvoUimAHr nTvn.>mUui«f m«

vfyMl^<^v^•f^ *nn$^*4^ ^^'^o«)dw0 outer
v^lTVt'.tJSd^ von ^vucmi>.^^^ V^dv

<j»..

^''-- - ^

)

<m.vv^v^t*^wjvnndubauin 4«iiivto»v\»vC^

Uu^iJtu UuM^tc tdUi.til o;WtI) vmnti>at.
\njTrt Ain^orxM.lmuitvttv toite.bmnbOdi) v

J

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/»►'

ANGAR KYVYNDAWT 22

pet dyd ym blOydyn . pet paladyr ygkat.pet i
dof ygkawat. atuOyn yt rannaOt gOaOt nOy
mefyl gogyffraOt. aches gOyd gOydyon. go- 3
gOn i nebaOt. py lenwif auon arpobyl phara-
on. pydyd6c rOynnon baran achOyffon. pyyf-
caOl odef pan daychafafOyt nef. POy uu ffozch hO- 6
yl odayar hyt awyr. pet byffed am peir am vn
am nedeir. pOy enO ydeu eir. ny eing yn vn
peir. pan yO mo2 mcdohaOt. pan yO du pyfcaOt. 9
mozuOyt uyd eu cnaOt. hyd pan yOmedyfc.
pan yO gannaCc pyfc. pan yO du troet alarch
gOyn. pedzydaOc gOayO llym. llOyth nc-f nyt 12
yftyg. py pedeir tywarchen ny wys eu gozfifen.
py voch neu py grOydyr hyd. Athgyfarchaf
vargat vard. gOz yth gynnyd efcyrn nyOl. 15
cOdynt deu rayadyr gOynt. Tzaethattoz vyg-
gofec. yn efrei yn efroec. yn efroec yn efrei.
Laudatu laudeate ieffu. Eil gOeith ym rithat. 18
bum glas gleiffat. bum ki bum hyd. bum
iOach ymynyd. bum kyff bum raO. bum bo-
ell yn llaO. bum cbill yggefel blOydyn ahan- 21
her. bum keilyaOc bzithwyn arieir yn eidin.
bum amOs arre. bum tarO tofle. bum bOch
melina02 mal ymaethaOz. bum gronyn er- 24
kennis . ef tyf6ys ymryn. amettaOz am dot-
ta02 yn Sawcll ymgyrraO: \n11-ygiaO2 olaO. 26

23 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

02th vyg godeidaO . am haruolles yjar grafrud i
grib efcar. Gozffowyffcis iiaO nos yny chroth
yn was. Inim aeduedic. bum Hat rac gOledic. 3
bum marO bum byO. keig ydym ediO. bum y
arwadaOt. yracdaO bum taOt. am eil Uyghozes
trrcf trrafrud am rodcs . odit traethattoz maOa 6
molhato2. MitOyf talieffin ryphrydaf iaOnllin.
parahaOl hyt ffin. ygkynnelO elphin. Kat »

«^vm ynUiaOs riih kyii bum dif- =godeu.

AJiryfrith. bum cledyf culurith. credafpan
writh. bum deigyryn awyr. bum ferwaO syr. n
bum geir ynllythyr. bum llyfyr ym pzifder.
bum llugyrn lleufer blOydyn ahanher. bum
pont ar triger ar trugein aber. bum hynt bu 14
eryr. bum coaOc ym)T. bum darwed yn Hat.
bum dof ygkawat. bum cledyf yn aghat. bum
yfcOyt yg kat. bum tant yn telyn HetrithaOc 17
naO blOydyn. yn dofyr yn ewyn. bum yfpOg
yn tan. bum gOyd ynlirthan. nyt mi Oyf ny
gan keint yr yn bychan. keint yg kat godeu 20
bzic. racpzydein wledic. gOeint veirch canhoHc.
Hygheffoed meuedic. gOeint mil maOaem. ar-
naO yd oed can pen. achat erdygnaOt dan von 23
ytauaOt. achat arall yffyd ynywegilyd. llyff-
an du gaflaO. Cant ewin arnaO. Neidyr vze-
ith gribaOc. cant eneit trOy bechaOt aboenir 26

2."

vnCMft*biim <vi^;l4S^lc.bmn a4t^lUcc^>lo^tc

Mi]tl>.\)mv» Mi^vrvw a^vr.lmm (<rtdU> sin*:
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civv*;tmm cwiJcvtnw.bum \n*^^ yntUt^
vfc(n>rv)^\wt.b\m\ tuttt-\mt«l\m

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In

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itnilivvf ^*>^al. j'^Uirth mi ^Oi>iu »>\>^;wo^mt'
ac^ii .^ucttlUn bU^ bim.lni>\vmrbiuli

<«min.lvHvCiKl>irotn.lmAwri>vyryr\jy6tn» ,

«u•imfcm•fltr.^&i^>wvu^w\nvr♦bu(H>vt*^ j
^^n^)^ itictndn t^nud* Ui^uryXMumtjfi^ ^

KAT GODEU 24

yny chna6t. bum ygkaer nefenhir naO ytgryffynt
wellt agOycl. kenynt gerdozyon kryffynt katua- 2
on.clatOyrein yvzythron aozeu g6ytyon.gelwyf-
fitarneifon argrifl: oachOyffon. hyt pan ygOa-
rettei yren rOy digonfei . As attebOys dofyd trOy s
ieith ac eluyd. rithOch riedaOc wyd. gantaO yn
lluyd. QrOyflraO peblic. kat arllaO annefic. pan
fynhOyt godeu. ygobeith an godeu. dygottoaynt s
godeu opcdzydant tanheu. kOyd)nt am acreu.
trychOn trymdieu . d\ar gardei bun. tardei am-
atgun. Blaen llin blaen bun. budyant buch n
anhun. nyn gOnei emellun. gOaet gOyr hyt
an clun. ml'yhaf teir aryfgryt. a.chwerif ym
byt. ac vn aderyO oyftyr dilyO. achrift ycroccaO 14
adydbzaOt racUaO. GOern blaen llin awant gyf-
feuin. helyc acherdin. buant hOyr yrvydin.
Eirinwyd yfpin anwhant odynin. keri kywrc- 17
nhin. gOzthrychyat gOzthrin. Fuonwyd eilh-
yt. erbyn llu ogeOzyt. auanwyd gOneithyt. ny
gozeu emwyt . yr amgclOch by wyt . Ryfwyd 20
agOyduOyt. ac eido yrybzyt. moz eithin yrgryt.
Siryan fenyffit. BedO yry va(>2 vzyt. bu hOyz gO-
ifcyffit. nyt yry lyfyrder. namyn yryvaOzed. 23
anron delif bzyt. allmyr uch allfryt. IFenitwyd
ygkynted. kadeir gygwryffed. onri gozeu ar-
dyrchcd rac bzon teyrned. llOyf yry varanhed. 26

25 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

nyt ofcocs troctued. cf lladci apherucd ac eithaf i
adiwcd. collwyd berniffit eiryfacaryf<jryt. gOy-
rof crOyn yvyt . taro trin teyrn byt. Mo2aOc a 3
Mozyt. fifawyd. ffynyeffit. kelyn tfleffyffit bu ef
ygOzhyt. yfpydat amnat. heint ech yaghat.
gOinwyd g02thqat . gozthozyffit ygat. redyn 6
anreithat. banadyl rac bzagat yn rychua bzi-
wat. eithin ny bu vat. yrhynny gOerinat.
G2UC budyd amnat. dy werin sOynat. hydgOyr 9
erlynyat. DerO buanaOz. racdaO crynei nef all-
aOz. Glelyn gleO dzuffyaOz yenO ym peullaOz. claf-
ufwyd kygrcs kymraO arodes. GOathodi gOzth- 12
odes creill otylles. Per gozeu gozmes ym jjlym-
lOyt maes. gozuthaOc kywyd aches vcilon.
wyd. kaftan kewilyd gOzthzyat fenwyd. Han- 15
lit dii muchyd . handit crOm mynyd. handit
kyl coetdyd. handit kynt myr ma(>2. erpan
gigleu yraOz. Qndeilas blaen bcd6. andatrith iS
datedO. ^n maglas blaen derO o warchan ma-
elderO. wherthinaOc tu creic. ner nyt yftereic.
Nyt o vam athat pan ymdigonat. am creu 21
am creat. onaO rith llafanat. o ffrOyth offrGy-
theu. offrOyth duO dechzeu. o vziallu ablodeu
bze. o vlaOt gOydeu agodcu. opzid opzidzet y 24
pan ymdigonet. o vlaOt danat odofyr ton naO-
vet . am sOynOys i vath . kyn bum diaret .

iVvm «ii^m m» tni Vvir.y -Uvtinv ^Wu'viur:'
ctlvnimr.ilvavbiunuin.vafMo cnmcj nof all

ufiV'v6 iH'^Mid U\nmui) aKV»0 . Gvidio:^ i)vnl)
odi26^mUon».lk6*^*^cii$cm«6vmvtvin

^ti^cu WiUn . .In^Ue t)l4<m b^vanXitm<>

»tttiattar.4)TiabittlilU^tn4it:<><Bh^ t>$w
^>m40i!iv\id) ^u> ^Jcincu. dViwlW AbUbm

|u« vm^l^ow«r, *> vUi>t ^in«itJi)^)(vi-«ii tub
i«r. Am 0^t)ye^\»tl^.Uvii bum ^i4ttcr

r

.ltt»0Sn»iu>vd I iVvtv<m mA*.mitt:obnnl^ini,o
bvt.^uiViM ^i\n»f v^iH>t yi\nvci\)«ntbvtr.

4rv»il omlun 46«m ^(>l> dual) amr oi25 ^ '
Viyf whfu.vs-ciiivf iRitH 0V4ctb:u\wJav^
(V^ dftoiiv^ odolo tic v^ i'^.o^>f VtUoiiM^.

«;n' V<mb\UH!«r.lUidf> Uv^ ^trf^^^^ vfojttnmr

vavyti^hnm ^)Ua»vttttvn.t>iw»o«*^4Timm ^
Uvf^lmm bOv<Hi<aHTyrt.Vyratffii[ mnt<ii5c

»mvHUeU.iJC'hid[ittt4itlinv!Umacllan(!^ ^
vKfv^iiwU AjviTim*^ ttu2j\mtf4m U)>fii\jt4d^

KAT GODEU 26

a,m sOynOys i wytyon maOnut obzython. o i
eurwys o euron. o euron o vodzon o pymp
pumhdnt keluydon. arthaOon eil math pan 3
)mclygyaed. amfoynOys i wledic. pan vei
letlofcedic. Qm fyynOys "fywydon "fywytkyn
byt. pan vei genhyf y vot pan vei veint byt. 6
hard bard bud an gnaOt arwaOt ytuedaf atra-
ctho tauaOt . GOaryeif ynllychOz. kyfceif 1
ym po2ffo2. neu bum yn yfco2 gan dylan eil 9
mo2. ygkylchet ym perued rOg deulin teyrned.
yndeu wayO anchwant onef pan doethant.
ynannOfyn llifereint (12th ur0yd2in djjbyd- n
ant petwar vgeint cant . a gOeint yr eu whant.
nyt ynt hyn n)t ynt ieu no mi yn eu bareu.
aryal can hOzagcni paOb ana6 cant oed gen- is
hyf inheu. ygcledyf hzhh gOaet bzi am dar-
wed o douyd ogolo lie yd oed. odof yt las baed.
cf gOzith ef datwrith. efg02ith ieithoed. llach- 18
aryenO llaOffcr. lluch llywei nifer. yfceinynt
yn ufel. odof yn uchel. bum neidyr vzeith y
mryn. bum goibcr yn llyn. bum ser gan gyn- 21
byn. bum bOyftuer hyn. vyg cafful am kaOc
armaaf nyt ynd20c. petwar vgeint mOc ar
paOb ailydOc. pymp pemhOnt aghell aymtal 24
am kyllcll. whech march melynacll. canweith
yffyd well. V'y march melyngan kyfret agOy- 26

(■ 2

f

lnt.viui\vnxtttiin»fvVotf»mV(nX>«mtbvtr.
i)4^t^Utt•^bu^imttlu^VJt•dViV»\V)tvtu«s^^atl•A

TTVt-vmrljvn xxytynt icu mrm vncwUotm.
ViJbb a5vCH)c. yvttty y6nil)ont4^U aynttal

KAT GODEU 26

a,m sOynOys i wytyon maOnut obzython. o i
eurwys oeuron. o euron o vodzon o pymp
puinhont keluydon. arthaOon eil math pan 3
ymdygyaed. amfoynOys i wledic. pan vei
letlofcedic. am fOynOys "fywydon "fywytkyn
byt. i)an vei genhyf y vot pan vei veint byt. 6
hard bard bud an gnaOt arwaOt ytuedaf atra-
etho tauaOt. GOaryeif ynllychOa. kyfceif 1
ym pozffoa . neu bum yn yfcoz gan dylan eil 9
mo2. ygkylchet ym perued rOg deulin teyrned.
yndeu wayO anchwant onef pan doethant.
ynannofyn llifcrcint Ozth urOydzin dj^byd- 12
ant petwar vgeint cant, a gOeint yr eu whant.
nyt ynt hyn nyt ynt icu no mi yn cu bareu.
aryal can hOaageni paOb anaO cant oed gen- 15
hyf inheu. ygcledyf bzith gOaet bzi am dar-
wed o douyd ogolo lie yd oed. odof yt las baed.
cf gOzith ef datwrith. cfgOzith ieithoed. llach- is
aryenO llaOffer. lluch llywei nifer. yfccinynt
yn ufel. odof yn uchel. bum ncidyr vzeith y
mryn. bum gOiber yn llyn. bum ser gan gyn- 21
byn. bum bOyftuer hyn. vyg cafful am kaOc
armaaf nyt yndzOc. petwar vgeint mOc ar
paOb adydOc. pymp pemhOnt aghell aymtal 24
am kyllell. whech march melynaell. canweith
yffyd well. V'y march melyngan kyfret agOy- 26

c 2

<1

Ttvt-vmr iivn \mynt icu no wn vncwUwtm.
Ijyf wWu-vd-ckM l«iti) ^victbnaniJar/

\niuM' <^N>hniuHid* bum tva^)(jt*V2<»^ y
wi>m. bum ^lUa* vnUvTi«t>\wi 0(a*^<tn ^m ^

^i)b o^vooc. y )>mv y6ml)i>nt74^U aymtal '
4TmHU(m.dcW)WAitt)t»dvn4cU.Gii)(!^ ^

&■

KAT GODEU 26

a,m sOynOys i wytyon maOnut obaython.o i
eurwys o euron. o euron o vodzon o pymp
pumhont keluydon. SlrthaOon eil math pan 3
ymdygyacd. QmfoynOys i wledic. pan vei
letlofcedic. am fOynOys "fywydon "fywytkyn
byt. pan vei genhyf y vot pan vei veint byt. 6
hard bard bud angnaOt arwaOt ytuedaf atra-
etho tauaOt. GOaryeif ynllychOz. kyfceif 1
ym pozffoa. neu bum yn yfco2 gan dylan eil 9
mo2. ygkylchet ym perued rOg deulin teyrned.
yndeu wayO anchwant onef pan doethant.
ynannOfyn llifereint 02th urOyd2in d)(byd- 12
ant petwar vgeint cant, a gOeint yr eu whant.
nyt ynt hyn nyt )nt ieu no mi yn eu bareu.
aryal can h02 ageni paOb anaO cant oed gen- 15
hyf inheu. ygcledyf hzkh gOaet b2i am dar-
wed o douyd ogolo lie yd oed. odof yt las baed.
ef gOzith efdatwrith. efg02ith ieithoed. llach- is
aryenO llaOffer. lluch llywci nifer. yfceinynt
yn ufel. odof yn uchel. bum neidyr V2eith y
mryn. bum goiber yn llyn. bum ser gan gyn- 21
byn. bum bOyftuer hyn. vyg cafful am kaOc
armaaf nyt ynd20c. petwar vgeint mOc ar
paOb adydOc. pymp pemhOnt aghell aymtal 24
am kyllell. whech march melynaell. canweith
yffyd well. Vy march melyngan kyfret agOy- 26

C2

27 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

lan.mihiiii nyt cban.kyfrOg mo2 a<^l;in . neu i
gozOyf gOaetlan . arnaO cant kynran.rud cm
vyg kychOy . eur vy yfcOytrOy . ny ganet yn adOy 3
anu ym gowy namyn gozonOy odoleu edayOy.
hir wynn vy myffaOz. pell na bum hcuffaOa.
Tzciglcis ymyOn llaOz kyn bum llcenaOz. Tzei- 6
gleis kylchyneif kyfceif cant ynys. cant
caer athzugys . derwydon doethur . darogenOch
y arthur. yffit yffyd gynt.neur uu ergcnhynt. 9
ac vnaderyOoyftyr dilyO. achrifl; ycroccaO. adyd-
bzaOt racllaO. curcm yneuryll. mi hudoyf berth- n
yll ac('y(Jyf dzylhyll ocrymef fferyll. Mab gyf-
yfarchaf ym ren yyftyry = reu Talieflin.
AaO awen . py dyduc aghen kyn no cherituen.
kyffefin ym byt auu eiffywyt. mcneich aleit pyr 15
nam dyweit. pyr nam ergryt. vn adz namherly-
nyt. py datOyreith mOc. pyt echenifdzOc.pyffyn-
haOn adiOc uchargel tywyllOc. pan yO kalaf cann.
pan yO nof lloergan.arall ny chanhoyt dyyfcOyt 19
allan . Pan yO gofaran tdzOf tonneu (12th Ian.
yndial dylan. dydahaed attan. pan yO moz trOm
maen. pan yO moz llym dzaen. aodofti pOy gOell
acvon aeyvlaen. pyperif pardyt rOg dyn acan- 23
nOyt. POy gOell yadOyt ae ieuanc aellOyt.aod-
ofl ti peth Oyt pan vych yn kyfcOyt . aecozff ae e-
neit. ae argel canhOyt. eilewyd keluyd pyrnam 26

r"

r

11
d>w^sjUi«l43j.<hniai»canr hmiwuni^ win

dfcis- fivUfivnwif Wccifaiittvm«e.cmr
aiciMtlim»5vd.^a'iVv^>n &3»2tlmi%iuu\VOt\)c*)

*lAnvi♦»)vft\♦rMU*VH]dn1ft:^♦a«catt>4^v^
warn hH^^rtr. vv**w4m4n!feiwAmaO:tuinti<a*U«

n^*t.^ d^l V4M*tTiW.lCU4ttP4tf tU>«>t.^
,jitn vcdi t^4«tt Vvdb v«HHHn*t4c<«»f^»i<u '

7<t J

twr^m^llKU. <m«)r^« vIviMmii ^yaift

tuf u]>5 ^\m ^i^R^e^mt mih!r4iaiicii4<H» i

d^^^n(n>.«>Mr«w«i]^^4ntH4ii)V4t^^^ I

\,-

MAB GYVREU TALIESSIN 28

dywedyd. aOdofti cOd uyd nof yn arhos dyd. aOd-
ofti arwyd. pet deilen yffyd. py daychefis my- 2
nyd kyn rewinyaO eluyd. py gyiiheil magO-
yr dayaryn bzeffOyl. eneit ptiy i^OynaOz pOy
(fOelas ef pOy S^yr. ryfedaf yn llyfreu naf gOd- s
ant yndihc'u. eneit pOy y hadneu pOy pzyt
y haelodeu. py parth pan dincu ry wynt a
ryffreu. ryfel anygnaOt. pechadur periclaOt. 8
Ryfedaf arwaOt pan uu ygOadaOt. py gozcu
meddaOt o ved abzagaOt. py goayO yffaOt amO-
yn duO trindaOt. pyrytraethOn i traythaOt. na- u
myn ohonaOt. py perif keinhaOc oaryant ro-
daOt. pan yO mozredegaOc. karr moz eithiaOc.
agheu feilyaOc ym pop gOlat yfrannadc. Qgheu 14
uch an pen yflledan ylenn. Vch nef noe nen. hy-
naf uyd dyn popanifer pan anheraieu ieu pop
amfer. yffit apzyderer 02 bzeffent haed.gOedy 17
anreufcd pyryngtuui ni byrhoedled. digaOn
llaOzyded kyweftOch abed. argOz angOnaeth
02 wlat gOerthefin. boet ef an duO an duOch 20

attaO ozdivved. DaronOy

«-/^vCi differth nefoy rac llanO llet ofrOy. kyn-
\J lafatarrtiy. atreif dzof vozdOy. py p2en a 23
vo mOy/ noget daronOy. Nyt Oy am nodoy am-
gylch balch nefOy. yffit rin )fr\-d uOy g0a02 gOyr
gO2on0y. oditaegOypOy. hutkuh vatlionOy. yg 26

29 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

koet pan tyfoy. ffrttytheu n6y kymrOy. Sr Ian i
gOyllyonOy. kynan ae kaffOy pzyt pan wledych-
Oy.dedeuantctwaeth troftrei athroftraeth.pe- 3
dcir pzif pcnnaeth . arpymhct nyt j^Oacth. <,Kiyr
gOzd ehclacth ar pzydcin aruaeth . GOzajred aui
ffraeth. Eillon aui kaeth. RyferthOy hiraeth med 6
amarchogaeth . Dedeuho dOy rein. gOedO agOzy-
aOc vein heyrn cuhadein.ar wyr yngozyein.
Dydcuho kynrein oamtir rufein. eu kerd agyg- 9
ein eu gOaOt ayfcein.anan derO adzein.argcrd
ytgygein. ki ytynnu. March yrynyaO. Eidon
ywan.hOch ytyruu. pymhet llOdyn gOyn aw- 12
naeth ieffu. owifc adaf yyrnra ymtrau. GOyd-
uet coet kein eu fyllu . hyt yt uuant ahyt yt
uu. pan wnel kymry kamualhau. kciraralluro 15
pOy karo nu. ILcmeif i lam olam eglOc. kcOffit
da nyr gaho dzOc. Megedozth run yffef ao'Oc.
rOg kaerrian achacr ryOc. ROg dineidyn. adi- is
neidOc. eglur dzemynt awyl goK>c. rac rynaOt
tan dychyfrOy mOc. anrcn duO anryamOc.
'N enO gOledic nef 21

.goludat'c. ydzefynt biewyd gynelluoaOc.
ciric y rethgren ricdaOc. rieu ryfelgar geOzher-
uaOc. Ef differth aduOyn llan lleenaOc. tozhyt 24
vn hOch ardOyaOc. Hirdychyferuydein o bzydein
gofein. oberth MaO ac eidin. Ny chymeryn ky- 26

dor v«^V(mtiac*buh*v\nnb«t ttvt>XVM»jtJ>^^jr
tfV:^ clKlactii ar V«*cni ♦niuicdi. 6vufitt^ axa

' cm cu «3feavr4\Kcimi.aiun iexv t^^;on.iW3^

iwcdi idTu 0 (V4(r 4J^*\««m \mmuu ;6m>

uu.v4nA:'t\c\^nntvtumiuUlwii.W*4itiUmxj
V^ kiw nu. ll«ntJif 1 toi «>Um o^. Wvifir

» VtlIlUcf)m•^^nu^)c■.l)tr^vdn»fwul^^lo\m♦^»tt

f r-

n4()vbh>r^^*m6J.KirvniwVj«nnmmn»
iVtw xxum tun . ri 'n5!<U)l vs> vtuul>Ci^*«0r
UarvrtWlnnnivT Uaiil),m,Kwkitavn«vn

l»n.mn'4tulw^»\^u^^tt>t.^dTuln»n.Vatv^4ilm
lbm4cc(hviU<n»awr.flaf<>«Ujr\niatnwr.ti<jr

DARONWY A GWALLAWC 30

uerbyn. kyweith kyweithyd clytwyn. Digon- i
Oyf difronef y lyghc.s. o belcidyr o bleij^hcit pzen
wres. p2eii)'al yOypaOb ytrachwres. a,i^hyfnent 3
ogadeu diijones gOallaOc <,4>ell gOyduOyt noc
arthles. kat yr agaches o achles gOaOt gog-
naO ybzot digones. Kat yniro V2etr0yn troy 6
wres maOz tan.meid2ai.>l yo ytrachwres.
kat yraekymrOy kanhon. kat kat crynei yn
acron. kat yn arddunyon ac aeron cidywet. 9
eilywet y vcibon. kat yg coet belt boet ron dyd.
ny medylyeifti dyalon. kat ynracuydaOl ama-
bon. nytatraOd aduraot achubyon. kat ygwen- 12
fteri ac eflygi lloygyr. SafoaOc ynaOner. kat
ynrof terra gan waOz. oed hyOfl gOzagaOn egu-
raOn. yndechaeu yghcnyat ygeiraOz.orieu o is
ryfel rydiffaOt. g(»yr adigaOn godei gOarthcgaOc.
haeardur ahyfeid agOalkiOc.ac owein mon ma-
el gynig deuaOt. a.wnaO peithwyr gozweidaOc. ks
ym pen coet clcdyfein. atuyd kalaned gOein. a
bzeinardifperaOt. ympzydein yneidin ynade-
ueaOc yggafran ynaduan bzecheinaOc.yn er- 21
byn ynyfc(in gaenadc.iiy wyl gOa nywclas

G(ialla()c.Glafwa()t Taliefrm.xxiiii.atal.

El'jinack-ii amd()d)nt niozynt anuonaOc. 24
Dygal'n ynillctcyiu iiuint vyg keudai't.
GnaOt rln f vn heli beli wiral't. GnaOt vfclnt

31 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

yfcaOn arjrefyn yfcaOl. GnaOt gOyth acadOyth i
oyfpydaOt gaer. ana() cant maer maKihaOt.
atvyd mei ar venei crei gyflogaOt. atvyd i 3
niO)- arjronOy creith gdynyeith gdnahaOt.
Adoerlloeith dyrreith anaO baraOt. O heyrn
erchwyrn edyrn dyrnaOt. Tai dillyn diachoz 6
daoch dzymluaOc. 1 eir llyghes yn aches ary-
mes kyn bzaOt. Tzi di\ved)d kat am tri phri-
aOt gOlat. GOnahaOt bat betraOt. Tzi opo]) 9
tri. tri phechaOt. ac eryri vze varnhaOt. llu o
feif. eil oynt. trydyd dygnaOt. ygkymry yd
erhy gOzaged gdeddaOt. Rac baran kynaii 12
tan tardaOt. katwaladyr aecOyn. bziohaOt
bze abzOyn. Goellt atho tei. ty tandaOt. at
vyd ryfedaOt.gOz gan vcrch yvzaOt. Dyfyn- is
hyn diiraOt olin anaraOt. o honaO ytyfhaOt
coch kattybzudaOt. Nyt arbet nanaOt. nach-
cfynderO na bzaOt. Ozth lef cozn kadOz naO cant 18
ynafyrdol. obedzydant dygnaOt. Dygozclwi
lefni okifwaOt efret. Ozth agaOd ygeudaOt.

YdOyf Merweryd . MolaOt duO dofyd. IlOzO 21
ky franc kywyd. kyfreu dyfynwedyd.
hard bzon fywedyd. pan at leferyd. awen
cOdcchuyd. arveinyoeth veinyd. Beird 24

ilafar llucde. cu gOadt nym gre.aryflrat
aryftre. yflryO maOz m mire. Nyt mi Oyf

Kadeir talieflln. xxiiii.

I

7 i^im* t'.iUcliin.n'nn.

w*\\\ amain. Ao^^^^wl cv*«\ itvttiti. JicK»ajc

abn^Ml ..\bUnj (j^n^^^^d^m.^nwU tm^Jiv
iU5.Atttvtn*c*> A&natc5. A^nn tat Uil^'O

ylif iVf\^. i^ni yz^m vttnun^n♦^- fey tf»U

GLASWAWT A CHADEIR TAL. 32

kerd uut. Goijyfarch veird tut. Ryt ebzOydaf dzut.
Rytalmaf ehut. Ryduhunaf dzemut. Teyrn 2
terwynwolut. Nyt mi Oyf kerd yas. Gogyfarch
veird treis. Bath vadaOl idas.dofyn eifryaOn
adas. pOy amlcwwif kaf . kamp ym pop nocth- s
as. pan y6 dien jrOHth.allat gOenith. ag(ilit
gOenyn.aglut acyftoz. a.c elyO tra moz. ac
cur biben lleO. alien aryant gOiO. arudem s

agraOn. accwyn eigyaOn. py dyfryf ffynha-
On berOz byryrdaOn.py gyffyllt gOerin bzec-
ci boned llyn. allOyth lloer wehyn. Ilcdyf llo- u
ned verlyn. asywypn fynhOyr. afewyd am
loer. agofrOy g(ied gOyr. GOzth awel aw)T. a
mall amcrin. agOadaOl tra mcriii. achozOc 14
gOytrin. arllaO pererin. aphybyr aphyc. ac
vzdaOl fcgyrffyc. allyffeu medyc. lie allOyr ven-
ffyc. abeird ablodeu. agudic berthcu. abziallu 17
abziOdeil. ablaen gOyd godcu. amall ameu-
ued. amynych adneued. agOin tal kibed. O
rufein hyt roffed . adOfyn dOfyr cchOytl. 1 )a(.m 20
yjif dofyd. Neu p2cn puraOz vyd. ffrOylhla-
On ygynnyd. Rei ias berwidyd oduch peir
pumOyd. agOiaOn auon.agofrOy hinon. a 23
mcl a meillon amedgyrn mcdwon adO-
yn ydzagon. da On y derwydoii. 25

33 KADEIR T. A MEIBON LLYR

f~:^i )lychafi <,mIoyd ;ir<jlOytl pop echen arben- i
Vy hie tozupcd yj^hyoed am ozden. keint yn
yfpydal't uch jjjturaOt aflawen. keint rac mei- 3
boil llyr yn eb\T henuejen. GOeleif treis trydar
ac auaracairhen. ytlethrynt lafnaOz arpcn-
na02 dif«,fo\ven. keint rac vd clotleu. yndoleu 6
hafreii. Rac bzochuael powyf agarOys vyjuvcn.
keint yn aduOyn rodle ymoze rac vzyen. Yn-
ewyd am an tract gOaet ardicn. Neut amuc 9
ygkadeir opeir kerritwen. handit ryd vyn
tafaOt ynadaOt gOaOt qgxTwen. GOaOt ogyr-
wen uferen rl'y digones arnunt. allcfrith a 12
g<^lith ames. Yflyryem yn llOyr kyn cl6yr cyf-
fes. dyfot yn diheu agheu neffnes.ac am tired
enlli dybi dylles.dyrehaOa llogaOz arglaOz ache?. 15
agalwn aryg(>2 an tligones. an nothOy racgO-
ythllOyth aghes. Pan alwer tjryon ynyf von
tiryon vaes. GOyn eu byt Oy gOleidon Saeffon iS
artres. DodOyf deganhOy yamryffon.amael-
g^n uOyhaf yachOyffon. ellygeis vyarglOyd
ygg(?yd deon. elphin pendefic ryhodigypn. );;^s- 21
fit mii teir kadeir kyweir kyffon.ac yt V2a6t
parahaOt gan gerdozyon. Bum ygkat godcu
gan lieu agOydyon.Oy arithOys gOyd eluyd 24
ac eleftron. Bumy gan vzan yn iwerdon. GOe-
le|f pan ladOyt ymozdOyt tyllon. kigleu gyf-
arfot aril gerdolyon agOydyl diefyl diferogyon. 27

w

txm4<yrvn»J(»yl*1|Culu^«tt.Cvdcrft^^aot1v^w•
.Vaii*tt*4Cit^n.vturtnynr\4tnair: t\r v-m
tuoj^iiiflppi^cn .ticmriucA)^ dMku.\niioi«u

vtij\U>vt^) i^;)<je.\wu 4UV»n*nmm vtivf\w»n
l«a(|Mn Ui^VtryTW«j:J<>\*rtvUotl ♦Ui^u ^ivt

O^viticti wUd» l)vtliid[iri!int.lHnmvvtiln>

; v^vl .ilmtiKmattni'umi.aAnialwu ftvlK^y 4^»

»jn mi tu*ivit>&i.tin jo\»^*iif;»d«r h^M'iJftii^.

u^bb;mt-.U»ncnrt-«uidvn^i.V0^t>vrtiuiM
\n»t'av^ni'^ni.«u-t)jivui;au] tun *jgim ivc>v.

fetrtc^/AT^ -^ ^*** ^^^^ ^^^^"^^ vn^U'1':;Cv^l♦at^1 wuf <nud)if
^>^Tm tU'd>^ ^ vCvmAtm *!Uvimcb v»^<*tt^-

•f •;

MEIB LLYR AP BROCHWEL 34

Open ren olcili hyt luch reon.kymryyn vn i
V2yt gOahyt Ozyon. GOaet dygymry yg kym-
clri. teir kenedyl gOythlaOn o iaOn teithi. GO- 3
ydylabzython aromani.awnahon dyhed ady-
uyfci. a.cam teruyn pzydcin kein ythrcfi. ke-
int racteyrncd uch medleilri. ygkcinyon de- 6
on iin aedyrodi. andOy penfywet ket ryferthi.
ys kyweir vygkadeir ygkaerfidi. Nys plaOcl
nyl) hcint aheneint auo yndi. ys gOyr niana- 9
Oyt aphryderi. teir ozyan^am tan agan recdi.
a.cam ybanneu ffrydycu gOcilgi. ^rffynhaOn
ffrOythlaOn yffyd oduchti. ys whegach noz [ 12
gOin gOyn yllyn yndi. agOedy ath iolaf ozuchaf
kyngOerytgozotkymotathi. Kadeir Teyr-

HRcith aOdyl eglur. awen tra mef- =non. CCC.
fur. am gOz deu aOdur. o echen aladur. ae 16
ffonfa acffur. aereom rechtur. ae ri rOyfyadur.
ae rif yfcrythur. ae goch gochleffur. ae ergyr
dzos uur..aekadeir gymeffur. ymplith gofcozd 19
nur. Ncuf tluc ogaOznur. meirch gOelO goftro-
diir. Teyrnon hcnur. hcilyn pafcadur. treded
dofyn doethur y vendigaO arthur. arthur ven- 22
digan argerd gyfaenant. arOyneb ygkat. ar
naO byftylat. pOyytri chynweiffat. awerchct-
wif gOlat. POy ytri chyfiinhed chyfarOyd. aget- 25
wif arOyd. adaO Ozth awyd. erbyn eu harglOyd.
I)

35 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

lian riinvt'd rotwyd. Ban vyd hyii hoywed. Ban i
co2n kcrtlctrOyd. Ban bio Ozth echOyd. Ban gOir
pan diftfleir. Bannach pan lefeir. Ban pan doeth 3
opeir. Ogyrwen awen teir. Bum mynaOc myn-
weir.ygkozn ym nedeir. nydyly kadeir/nygat-
wo vyg geir. kadeir gynif glaer . awen huaOdy I 6
haer. FOy end yteir kaer. rOg lliant allaer. nyf
g^tyr ny vo taer eiffylut eu maer. Pedeir kaer
yffyd. ympaydein powyffed. Rieu merweryd. 9
Em nyt vo nyt vyd . Nyt vyd am nyt vo. llyghef-
faOzavo. Tohit gdanec tra gro. Tir dylan dirbo.
Nac eillt nac ado. na bzyn na thyno. na rynnaOd 12
godo. Rac gOynt pan foaho. kadeir teyrnon. kcl-
uyd rOy katwo. keiffitoa ygno. kciffitoz kedic. 14
ketwyrcolledic. Tebygafi dull die. odiuapende-
uic. odull diuynnic. oleon luryc. DzychafaOt
gOledic. am terwyn henwi euwic. BzeuhaOt 17
baagaOt bzic. BzeuaOl eiffozic. Oric amerin am
teruyn chwhefrin. Jeithoed edein. aches ffyfc-
yolin. mordOyeit merin. oplant Saraphin. 20

dogyn dOfyn diwerin. dillygem elphin . Kadeir

«|0 I'n rymaOyr titheu. ker- -Kerrituen. CCC.

J— ^rcifant om karedeu. Yn deweint ympyl- 23
geineu. llewychaOt vy lleufereu. MynaOc hoed-
yl MinaOc ap lieu, aweleifi yma gynheu. Di-
wed yn llechued lieu. Bu gOad yhozd ygkadeu. 26

I nn Av^ itmSf v^« Um Vv* Uvn I vvOt . o >»ni

uic. o6uU ^unnmtc* ol^onUuvc. i>n<i>4f44rt'
^ *^^ ^ l^^jamtduvr tttij^u. li«t* V err? r t " » . cr p.

•c

fe

i\n ar cmvMKnMcciiwn .Gvvlcif \mtU^ tucr
\»^a«hattrvxni.v^ilao\Kciiralm\)liwtt.Aiim

dwn-^ Uvfivu boM» fmtVar ocaVai«5 vflv^
iVact-.iKb ^ ai)d) tmet.i^' bv^ Inm tiytn^

KADEIR KERRITWEN 36

Auacclu vymab inhcu. Dctwyd douyd rOygoz- i
eu. yjrkyfamryffon kerdcu. oed g6ell y synhO-
yr n()2 veu. keluydaf gbz agigleu. GOydyon 3
apdon dygynuertheu. ahudOyfgdzeic ovlodeu
adyduc moch odeheu. kan bu idaO difgozeu. dzut
ymyt agOryt pletheu. arithOys gozOydaOt yar 6
plagaOt lys. ac enweryf kyfrOyeu. Pan varn-
her ykadeireu. arbenhic vdun yveu. Vyg ka-
deir am peir am deduon am areith tryadyl ga- 9
deir gyffon. Rym gelwir kyfr(>y.s yn llys don.
Mi ac euronOy aceuron. GOclcif ymlad taer
yn nant ffrangcon. DuO ful pzyt pylgeint 12
rOg Oytheint agOydyon. Dyf ieu yn geugant
yd aethant von. y geiffaOyfcut ahudolyon. aran-
rot dzem clot tra gOaOz hinon. MOyhaf g(tarth is
ymarth o parth bzython . Dybzys am ylys ef-
nyf afon. afon ae hechryf gOzyf g02th terra. a
GOenOyn ychynbyt kylch byt eda. Nyt Oy dy- 18
wcit gcu llyfreu beda. kadcir getwided yffyd
yma. ahyt vzaOt paraOt yn europa. an rothoy
ytrindaOt trugared dydbzaOt. kein gardaOt 21
gan vvyrda. Kanu ygOynt. ccc. atal.

«y^Echymic pOyyO.crcat kyn dilyO.creadur
A-' kadarn heb gic heb afcOzn. hcb Oy theu heb 23
waet. heb pen ahcb tract. Ny byd hyn ny byd
ieu. no get ydcchzeu. Ny daO oeodeu yrofyn nac

2,7 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

agheu.nydioes eiffeu gan greaduryeu. MaOz i
duO mo2 wynneu ban daO odechzeu. MaOz yverth-
ideu yg<>2 ae gozeu. Ef ymaes ef ygkoet heb laO 3
aheb troet. heb heneint heb hoet. heb eidigaf ad-
oet. ac ef yn gyfoet aphymhoes pymhoct. ahe-
uyt yffyd hyii pet pemhOnt ulOydyn. ac ef yn 6
gyrtet acOyneb tytwet. acef nyanet.acef ny
welet. Ef ar voz ef ar tir ny wyl ny weh'r. ef yn
aghywir ny daO pan vynnir. Ef artir ef arvoz 9
ef yn anhebcoz.ef yn diachoz ef yn dieiffoz. ef o
pedeiroz ny byd Ozth gyghoz. Ef kychwyn agoz
oduch maen mynuoz. ef llafar ef mut. ef yn 12
anuynut. ef ynOzd ef yndzut pan tremyn tros
tut/ef mut ef llafar. ef yn ozdear. MOyhaf y 14
vanyar arOyneb dayar. ef ynda ef yndzOc. ef yn
aneglOc. ef yn anamlOc.kanyf gOyl golOc. Ef
yndzGc ef ynda.ef hOnt ef yma. ef aantrefna 17
nydiOcawna. E Nydioc awnech.ac"yndibech"ef.
Ef yn wlyp ef yn sych . ef adaO yn vynych . Owres
heul . ac oeruel lloer . Iloer yn anlles . handit llei
yg^zes. Vn gOz ae gozeu yrholl greaduryeu. 21
ef bieu dechzeu. adiwed diheu. nyt kerdaOz kel-
uyd.ny mohOy dofyd. Nyt kywir keinyat. ny
molhOy ytat. Ny naOt vyd aradyr. heb heyrn 24
heb hat. Ny bu oleuat. kyn ile creat. Ny byd
effeirat. ny bendicco auyrllat. Ny Oybyd anygnat.

i

' ' *•

4i>cu niOkn-. l^b lKti«i<t- l>cb I wet. bcb <a^l^^r .ic*

^Ninv; nv^^'^^nb ^;v^)02.Cf U\KltCt»vn i>^
\\jn)\n\nt)vn»sl) iXivJv'.ftf vwMef \mbsoc.<*f vn

fijfcuar. n>» l«nMcc<) 4u w!Ut;i)y vvl> v^ caxy^visx.

■i

Jt

r

I

.■)8

n>»tftttt; cirt'd? <itif,^t. ccttj> fcwu >nlV^. of* '
A^AMBj tti4n3:M4f.oU cUmuf lut)4Ufiiruf.

uifc(rtn»Atn»4»^^'**^«tn^wivtt>finitlO'

KANU Y GWYNT 38

yfeith lauanat. degwlat darmerthat. yn c<^- i
ylaOz wlat. Decuet digarat. digarOys eu tat.
Digaru kavvat yiirOy rewinyat. ILucuffer 3

llygrat. eiffoa eiffyflat. Seith feren yffyd. ofe-
ithnaOn dofyd . Seon fywedyd . aOyrcii defnyd.
Marca marceduf. ola olunuf. Luna lafuruf. 6
Jubiter. veneruf. Oheul ohydyruer yt gyrch
lloer lleufer. Nytcof yn ofer. nyt croc ny cre-
ter . an tat an pater, an kar an kymcr . yn ren 9
nyn ranher. gan lucllucuffer.

ychwedylam dodyO ogalchuynyd. GOarth
yndeheubarth anreith clotryd . Da aryd 12
yleu dywaled y vedyd . ILaOn yO yyftrat lawen
gynnyd. llara llued peblet llara arall v2o. kat
g02mes tratrachwres bzo. Odit o gymry ae 15
llafaro . Dyfet dygyrchet biO mab idno. ac ny
llefeffit neb ny do.yr talu canmu yrofvnlk).
Goleith dyyfcarant amgant dy vzo. Mai tan 18
tOym tarth yn yt vo. Pan gyrchaffam ni trOy-
detartirgOydno. Oed kelein veinwen rOggra-
yan agro. Pan ymchoeles echOyd o gludoys 21
vzo.Nyt efrefOys buch Czth yUo. Gogyfarch
vabon o arall V20 kat. pan amuc owein biO
yv20. kat ynryt alclut. kat ynygwen.kat 23
yggoffulOyt aban udun. kat rac rodawyf ei-
rOyn dzych. GOayiwaOz du alleulcnyn. kat tu- 26

39 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

man llachar derlyO derlin. yrcCyda02 ynllaO gar- i
than yggryn. awelei vabon arranwen reidaOl.
rac bio reget ykymyfcyn. Ony bei acadaned yd 3
ehettyn. Racojabon heb galaned Oy nyt eyn.
Ogyfarfot difcyn achychwyn kat. GOlat vabon
gOehenyt anoleithat. Ban difgynnOys owcin 6
rac bio ytat. tardei galch achOyr acyfpydat.
Nyt yfcafael yneb dOyn hio moel. kyt efclOch
rac gOyr rein rudyon. Rac pedzydan dande rac 9
kadarn gyfoyre. Rac gOyar ar gnaOt. rac afar
yftaenaOt. Kychwedylam dodyOoleutired dehcu.
Tzaeth rieu goleu haelon. Nyth yogyfeirch och-
wynogyon am ryt 02 am gOern ygatuaon. 13
Han berit kat ri rOyf dzagon. Billt na owillt
bio rac mabon. Ogyfaruot g02gun. bu kalaned
ned rei yn run. Bu llewenyd dybydyvzein. 16
Ban ymadzaOd g(iyr gOedy nuchien kat. Nyt
ef dieghif yfcOyt owein. YfcOyt uolch Ozthyat
ygkat trablud. nyreei warthec heb Oyneb rud. 19
Rudyon beuder biO ama02 yrat. gOyar go2gol-
chel g(>arthaf iat. ac ar Oyneb gOyn ydyrgaf-
fat. eurobell greuletgenem dullyat. p2eid wen- 22
hOys iolin. p2eid a dareflcinat. pzeid rac taer
uKiydyr taer gyffeflraOn. p2eid pengyfylchi.
keig aryfcOyda02. Ma02 difcreina02 llafna02
am iat. kat yrac Owein ma02. ma02 airat. 26

.iO

vrtc^mttn vubvon.^c Vl:^ln>^•ln Mn6e vac

n«i^ m vtt vim ."i^u tlcA^nittv^ ^v♦ln'^ vv;«mi .
Urn vnwto)b ^vr ^;i«J>v nud>\c\i XtAt^Ciyt

\

i:

mcmM«> l;v*\v>vurc\n\'vr\nuimv'\ni «j<'Ur.
\kx\i ^tfannun'O OvV«m rt\c<jvvmVUr\T«dt *

V ' 'Jv*hKiI \Mtcf iUvAvn^ Y^\> xx\ .Cv' ; .vA«n.i

V«iC UU^\Oiir?r vn^»lUtt \«^ a .V " nwt vn i&iAi*t
WM^WY uuKtn cu «j<kHJ^. »ltn uniivv «<i.a mal

KANU Y MED AR CWRWV 40

mcindyd kOydynt Oy wyr ynam6yn gOlat. i
pan difcynnOys Owein rac gOcnwlat yrech-
Oyd.Goaerefeinbudoetat. Kanu ymed.XXmi.
/CiOlychaf wledic pendeuic pop \va. GO2 a 4
V-/^ynheil ynef arglOyd pop tra. GO2 awna-
eth y dOfyr y baOb ynda. GO2 awnaeth popllat
acaellOyda. Medhet maelgOn mon acanmcd- 7
wa. a.evedgo2n cwyn gOerlyn gOyniha. a.s ky-
nnull gOenyn ac nyf mOynha. Med hidleit mo-
Icit molut ypop tra. ILeaOs creadur avac tra. 10
awnaeth duO ydyn yry donha. Rei d2ut reimut
ef aemOynha. Rei gOyllt rei dof douyd ae gOna.
yndillig vdunt yndillat yd a. Yn yOyt yn diaOt 13
hyt vzaOt yt parha. Golychafi wledic pendefic
gOlat hed. ydillCg elphin oalltuted. yg02 am
rodes ygOin ar c(i20f air med. ar meirch ma02 16
modur mirein eu g6ed. am rothOyetwa nial
diwed. trOy vod duO yryd trOy enryded. pump
pemhOnt kalan ygkyman hod. ElffinaOc var- 19
chaOc medhOyrdy ogled. Kanuy cOiOf.XXllll.
C'^Kithi etmynt g02 agatOynt gOynt. pan
V>/ilel yrihyd . go2uloedaOc eluyd. Menhyt 22
yntragywyd. yftidi auedyd dylif deweijit adyd.
Dyd ymamoga02. Nos ymo2fTrowyffa02. IMaf-
wed auolhaOz. y02th wledic ma02. Ma02 diiO di- 25
gones. heul haf ae rywres. Ac ef digones. bud

41 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

coct amacs . GaI\vctiU>2 yraches ar eilic aghymes.
GalwcttaOz pop neges . deuf dymgOares . achyn ^
dybydyn llOyth byt yr vn bzyn. ny ellynt ronyn
hebgyfocth mechteyrn. ef ae taOd ynllyn hyny
vo fginyn. c'f ac taOd yn weith arall. hyny vo yn s
vall. DzcuhaOc dyderuyd. dyfgofac yrcluyd. Gol-
chctta02 ylcftri. bit groyO y vzecci.Aphan vo
ana\vell.dydycca(i2 ogell. DydyccaOz rac rieu. 8
ykeingyfedeu. Nys gOzthzyn pop deu. ymel ae
gozeu. DuG etuynt yn of. yt vyd yny vod. llary-
af yO trindaOt. GozOyth medO medOhaOt. Ovy- n
nut pyfcaOt. meint ygodzefi. Gzayan moz heli.
kyn traeth reuerthi. Gzayan moz heli. y dan tywa-
Otam keud yar teithiaOc. mi hun am gOaraOt.
Nydigonir nebaOt. heb gyfoeth ytrindaOt. 15

Tlvithi etmygant. yn tryffin garant . gallaOc
gallogyd .anchwant fybOll fymaduant.
ban crdifcl tanc. Neu nof cOt dyuyd . kOd dir- 18
gel racdyd. AOyr kerd geluyd. pygel kallonyd.
Am dyro am de. 02 parth pan dOyre. Py dyduc
llyO gayaf. pygytdechzeu He. Yn dewif echiaOc .
ffuf. ffous ffodiaOc. Efduhun hunaOc. ef eo- 22
bzyn karaOc. kymry kaeruedaOc. ytat garadaOc.
Dear meneiuon.dearmynaOc mon. maOz erch
anudon. GOenhOys gOallt hiryon. am gaer Oyr-
agon. POy atal ykeinon. ae MaelgOn o von. ae 26

ffuf.^u9^^Muc.Cf«^uhutt1nmAvc.cfa0

bwn Wmu>c.t^nt1n♦ UaciiusMwc. vt^r ^w M<v ,
i^wrTtum«ww»^cArTmnu\>ctlww.ttuu:ctt^T

! »id«n. ^♦Vtttjil y}ncmcn . Ac iWicl^j^ own 'Ac

1

^\n .vfcctruntlt lA>fnvit1im 'Uiau Un« dcCf'ttt*

' ' ^a.v®'51Wl^>t•30Zttl^Utt•^uci)nw^t«^(M:^•i>v ^ •
<|i ouovn ^ttfti* v(^<>6 avttvMtillvtut>m4f M ^

MIC DINBYCH 42

dyfyd oaeron ae coel ae kanaOon. a.e gOzwedO 1
ae veibon. nyt anchward yalon. oynyrOyft-
lon. ef kyrch kerdozyon. fe fyberO Seon. Neur 3
dierueifirin. ymozdei vffin. ymozthoed godo-
din. yfceirurith kyfrenhiii. bzan bozedcwin.
Oyf kerdenhin hen. Oyf kyfreu lawen . AthzaO 6
ydygen.meu molaOt vzyen. Eiryan eiryoes.
llyminaOc llumoes. Ruduedel auOys. Rudy 11
aellynyOys. kat yn hardnenOys. ynyr acbzi- 9
wys. kant kalan kynnOys. kant car am y-
uOys. GOeleif wyr gozuaOz. adygyrchynt
aOz. GOeleis waet arllaOz. rac ruthyr clcdyfaOz. 12
Gleffynt efcyll gOaOz. efcozynt Oy waywaOz.
Tzychant kalan kyman clotuaOz. ynyrarlir
yn wir coch aOz 15

'Rchaf y wen yduO plOyf cfcozi. perchen
.nef allaOz pOylluaOz wofri. ^duOyn ga-
eryffyd ar glaOz gOeilgi. bit lavvcn ygkalan 18
eiryan yri. Sc amfer pan wna moz maOz Ozhy-
dzi. ys gnaOt gozun beird uch med leflri. Dy-
dybyd gOanec arvzys dybzys idi. ndaOhOynt 21
ywerlas oglaf ffichti. Ec am bOyf odeOs dzof
vygwedi. pan gattOyf amnt kymot athi.
yiduOyn gaer yffyd arllydan liyn. Dinaf di- 24
achoz moz oechylchyn.gogyfarch ty pzydein
kOd gygein hyn. Blaen llynaperbin boet teu 26
D 2

43 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

voyn. lUi ifofco2abu kerd yncil mchyn. Ace- i
ryr ucli OybyralKiybyrgranwyii. Rac vd fclyc
nac efcar _<,M"ch\vyn. Clot wafcar aj^Oanar yd 3
ymdullyn. AdiiOyn jjjacr yffyd arton naOuct.
aduOyn cu jfOcrin yn ymwaret. ny wnant
cu dOynuyt trOy veuylhaet. nyt ef eu defa- 6
Ot hot yngalet. Nyllafaraf cu arvyntrOyd-
ct. HOC cillon deu traeth ^Oell kaeth dyfet.
kyweithyd oryd wied warctret. kynnOys 9

r(t<f pop deu q^o2eu kiwet. AduOyn gaer yf-
fyd ae t^C'iia kyman. medut amolut aca-
darban. Ilyfyn ycherdeu yny chalan. a.mar- 12
glOyd hywyd heOz eiran. k)ny vynet yny
ailoyt yiuleruin llan. cfam rodes med a^oin
owydain ban. ^duOyn gaer yffyd ynyrejr- 15
lan.atuOyn yrodir ypaOb yran. a.twen yn
dinbych j^ozwen gOylan. kyweithyd wleid-
ud ud erllyffan. Oed ef vyn defaOt i nof ii^a- is
Ian. lledyfdaOt ygan ri ryfcl eiran. alien lliO
ehoec amedu pzein. hyny uOyf tauaOt ar
veird pzydein. AduOyn gaer yffyd aekyffrOy 21
kedeu. oed meu yrydeu adewiffon. ny lafar-
afi deith reith ryfcatOn. ny dyly kelcnic ny
Oyppo hOn. yfcriuen bzydein bzyder bziffOn. 24
yn yt wna tonneu eu hymgyffrOn. pereit
hyt [)ell ygell atreidOn. ^duOyn gaer yffyd 26

in

U3

crt.nocetUjn c«utt*4«ii ^Mfl lucrt) M^t .
MrUm.lU'trn vdKivVa vnvdv\lw.,^ip oj'

^nibvdi sS^'A<}>\ ^ti^vWH ^\HV•m^f^^^a••'<a^
i»^ u3 alhCm. Oc^ vfvxm 5otnn-i n<K«r^

vti \^>u4tottn«ii «uln»ni4vfii'(ni* wivn:

"^)Vtt€rt)«Jttttu mnxmr.^^jn^jAttw nm rem

TWfimt.i>vf icu bu dim'didU4mtiuMit^
.^' , v^ «5 vu^cod^ apodb 4v\ntt. w^Uiim«5

vc4mu)vt^.C<tv^l^mW^uii<JtU)c.\V^
^\moed-^«%t^)v^^4d)irtttmAchtU«i\iA>

V^K«<m*iocm'cu;r<xmvCkvv'i^nul^;^

PLAEU YR REIFFT 44

yii HrdOyrcin . GochaOn ymedut ymolut tjofrcin. i
lUluOyii arcu ho2 cfcoz tj^ynfrein. Godcf j^Oiych
dynibi hir yhadeiii. dychyrch bar karrec crec 3
mozednein. llil yniyoii tyghct treidet trath-
amein.a.blcidutgo2llOytgo2euaffein. Dimpy-
neroduch Hat pOy Had cofein. Bcndith culOyd 6
ncf gytlef afeiii. arnyn gOnel yn vzowyr goz-
Oyr owein. AduOyn gaer yffyd arlan Uiant.
aduOyn ytrodirypaOb ychwaiit. Gogyfarch ti 9
vynet boet tcu uOyant. G0ayav\;Hi2 ryn rein
adcrllyffaiit. DuO mcrchyr gOcleif wyr ygkyf-
nofaiit. Dyf ieu bu gOartheuaamugant.ac 12
yd oed V2igcr coch ac och ardant. Oed lludued
vynet dyd ydoethant. a.cam Gefyii llech \aclOy
k)lchOy V2i\vant. cOd COydyn ygan gefyn 15
llu ogaraiit. £>laeu yr reifTt. x.c.

el'Yei ctuyl ar veib ifrael vchel enuryt.kyt
rif dilyn rydyneffeyn. RygadOyf duO dial is
arpkiyf j)haraonuf. Dec pla [)ocni kyn eu bodi.
ymo2 aftOys. kyfiefinpla pyfcaOt difa.digiia-
Ot annOyt. Eil pla llyffeint IluoffaOc. licOlTyiU 21
fiVonoed. Tei athrefneu athylccu achelleu bO-
yt. T2yded gOydbet gOychyr goHget gOalatOyd. 2j
Petwar iccur curam yftyredynogyon. I*'il kygu-
hoef ffKiyth coetainaes cnOt kylyon. I'ynihet
bl'yflnoii arholl vibiioii egipcion. Bellit milcdt 26

45 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

otrOm aelet deritolyon. Chwechet heb eu. chwyf-
fic crugeu creitheu mozyon. Seithuet taryan. kyn-
llyfc athan aglaO kynOyt. G6yntgo2diberth.ar 3
deil agOyd. Oythuet llofcuf. llydan eu cluft. blodeu
kyfys. NaOuet aruthyr diiicdlaOc vthyr doniaOc
nofuf. Uu tywyllOc dzem aneglOc egiptius. Dec 6
veinyoeth mOyhaf gOynyeith arplOyf kynrein.
Crift ieffu crifl ioni grein.hut ynt clydOa.chwech-
antmilOamiletefrei. ^zaOfganu kynan gar-

Yj'ynan kat diffret amarllof- wyn.m.bzoch.

X^cifkct.kanytgcugofyget. GOathclgOn tref- "
bzct. kant goaOyd kyfret aryant eu tudet. Cant
lleng ehoec o vn o vaen gyffrct. Cant armell ym
arffet.a.phymp(jnt cathet. CledyfgOein karrec m
dyrngellgOell honeb.cant kynan kaffat.kas
anwelet katellig yflret. katanyfcoget.kat ar
Oy kyrchet. gOay waOz ebzifet. GOcnhGyf aladet. 17
alafyn gOy arlet.kat ymon maOz tec.erglyt
amolet Tza menei mynet gOozOyd agOozgret .
kat yg cruc dymet. aercol ar gerdet. Nac ny ry- 20
welet.ybiO rac ffri6 neb. Mab bzochuael bzolet.
Eidywet eidunet. kernyO kyfdarchet. ny maOl
ieu tyghet. DyftOc aghyffret ynyd am iolet. 23
MygkynnelO ogynan. kadeu crgynnan. aeleu
fflam lydan. kyfOyrein maOztan.kat ygwlat
bzachan . katlan godaran. Tegyrned truan cri- 26

IT-

iJvni(Vi"'

*lUtfvm 4^^v ArUt.tior v nvm wAsn tsc. ^v-^j^vt
^<ktA*tno uir^no^id). AMU InoH^uadlnolw-.
A>v^bvvm4o o^vtum^tioicu »n\j\ntnAn.*Ul«iu

A*it , ^

fkittibovo ^:i»6.bii^i iA>& ^ulm .M>t*5>vc!i
6Cnvcu(lv♦lvvDvv^v4c«^m♦tfvt^v^^il€id

t

LLATH MOESSEN ' 46

nyt rac kynan. Iluryc yn ymwan.eiffoz llyO i
heechan. kyngen kymangan. nerthi athwlat
lydan. kigleu ymdidan. paOb yny gochvan. ky- 3
Ich byt goch gOochuan. keithynt dygynan.
Hath /^Pop^-duer yt02of uroderdychyfaeraOt. bud
j-noef-^^'^'^^^fi^- yft'''^g^''*^'-^'c "^^^'fty" volaOt. Dy- 6
fen. bOyth duO kein. ynarffet meiryheiffozaOt.

hynt gOiryoned kyflaOn rihed kynnelO oho-
naOt. GOyeilieffe dy pobyl iude. dychyfaeraOt. 9
hugelwir lieu oluchalcho yreu pechaOt. De-
heu reen mynyd adien mOyn kyfundaOt. yn
ran eluyd yntemhyl felyf sell ogyffraOt. Gof- 12
unet gOas colofyn dias ffcft fflemychaOt.
ParadOys dzOs. bugeil deOs duun gOledych-
aOt. Neu rygigleu gan paoffOydeu lleenaOc. 15
Geni ieffu ayzattau arydarfu. hytyuuched.
a.uei uuched ypop ried bOyt paraOt. kyn peri-
ffit bei mi pzytOn periclaOt. Ryduc clacrnyt. 18
dayar ayfpcidaOt. a.r vo2 diffoys pan diffgyn-
nOys dyamgyffraOt. GOlat pziodaOz nyf due
mOynuaOz bei im ohohonaOt. Meintdygodct 21
boet im dyrat. GOyeilieffe arat ieffu llathyr
yblodeu. MaOz gOyrth ynyvryt oduOdony-
eu. Efoedygnat. Ygnat ocd cf. dewin (.iiheu. 24
GO2 ycuffyl ypop vfyd racgeu. Ef yffyd gafacl
clayar nifer toeu cunlleith yluyd dcheu. ymal 26

47 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

bydeOiii tlilit olu lloneit. Hubyd yGOzth vn i
mab meir moli reen. huarwaf gOas oduOtre-
idafpetwyr petgOiryon.dyrac afael kyfoet 3

coet kyllaOn.llcdyffit gein oarffet ieffu.rud
ny popon moch ydyfcat orodi rat rex nieibun.
Newyd anaO nymaOa glywant dyiiyadon. Guir 6
yrat gOafpozthyant hebOzadon. DygOerthy-
dyd pop vchif rac derwydon. Nudais nywidyn
llarychwel gOelet mabon. Dydugant thus 9

ac eur dilus oethiopia. OduO gozden aduO re-
en rex meneifon. Herot gyftic ny bu godic.
ygeleudon. Dypoenedic gOallat peuues per- 12
chen meibon. Panaethdofyd parth pan dill-
yd nilus habed. Ryduc herot. annOyt gayafaOl.
kyflaOn vonhed. Ygkaer nazared nytaeth 15
peues perchen anaO. Byt adebzyat hubOyf
ythrat tut gozchozdeon. Geni douyd dyduc
perchen lleg egylyon. is

'orritanuynudaol tuth iaOl dan yfcaOl.
Ef iolen oduch llaOz tan tanhOytin gOa-
O2 uch awel uchel uch no phop nyfel. maOz y 21
anyfel. Nythric ygofel no neithaOz llyr. llyr
110,byr ytebyr dyvar ygkynebyr gOaOzgOen
g62thuchyr. OzthwaOz Ozth wrys Ozth pop 24

heuelis.Ozth heuelif nOython Ozth pedyr af-
aon. ardOyreafi avarn gOzys kadarn trydar 26

r

L<ma!-

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v« \xt^ A^\ u«JkI \id) no V5^nvftt«wM« v

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1

vVJittro'm lUv* >*t<> U\> >v\- Jvv if\m X^uthw

\U*VTnii . A^\M niiXxti) amni . \; ^i^.;n \vynct
mn- ,TtTnrv*nr^)iU». t wt\im m^\d^ lx«\Mi?. ^

i)m. AcctvnlUmtvm vac nv4rejs>m.>>mdc»vn

l)tt)A\V>c\uOum flfain \minnH>dvlnjrn tltf vn
cut! bum t?m vn c^cntb .lm(n K&jfvn \^

l'»«a»<JI^'it-. v»

KANU Y MEIRCFT 48

dOfyn ygaf . nyt mi i;()2 llOfyr l]o\ t crOybyr Ozth 1
ck'yt. hut vyn deu garant.deu dichuar dich-
want om llaO yth laO dyt dOy dim. Tzithri 3
nodctatco2arhcnet.amarch mayaOc. amarch
genethaOc.a.march karadaOc kymrOy teith-
iaOc. amarch gOythur. amarch gOardur. 6

amarch artliur. ehofyn rodi cur. amarch tal-
ieffm. amarch Ilcu lletuegin. aphebyrllei
llOynin. agrei march cuniii. ko2nan kynei- 9
waOc awyd avvydaOc. Du mozoed ciiwaOc.
March bzOyn bzo bzadaOc. artri earn allaOc
nyt ant hynt hilaU. kcthin march keidaO. 12
earn avarn arnaO. YfcOyduriih yfcodic.go-
rOyd llemenic. march rydercji rydic. llOyt
lliO elleic. allamrei llaOn elwic. affroenuoll 15
gOirenhic march fadyrnin. amarch cuftcn-
hin. ac ereill yntrin rac tirallgoin.hcnwyn
mat dyduc. kychwedyl ohiraduc. Hum huch is
Inim U>ch hum fyO bum foch. l)um l)an bum
banhOch.bi|m ga02 ymrythoch.ljum llif yn
eirth bum ton yn eghcirth. bum yfcafyn yf- =1
ccinat dilyO. bum kath pcnurith artri phrcn.
bum pell, bum pcngafyr aryfca0p2cn.bum
garan gOala gOelet golOc. tra gOzes milet 24
mo2yal. katwent kencdyl ila. 02yfryd if a\v\ r
gOedy kaffolwir. lul byO 02 mod mcint
am gOyr. 27

kyncilwai

49

50

51 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

y<jofeifritys l)\t. hu clcii tec nr wlat f^Olcdych- i
\ Ifit. l)u haclliaf IxTthaf oaryanct. bu tcrO-
yii i^OciU'yn j^oac ysjjywlat. cf tozrcf ardar 3

tcir j^Oeith yi,'^kat. ac ef ny vyd co2LjOyd ywlat
dar i)lufa02 pcbyr pcll athcchOys coct gyrth
ygodiwaOd alexander. ynliual curin <(Oae a 6
garcharer ny phell garchar&yt. a,gheu dybu
ac lie ef kafas ergyr olu neb kyn noc ef ny dar-
haOd myued bed berthzOyd 02 adOyndaOt hael 9
alexander ackymcrth yna.gOlat syr asiry-
oel agOlat fyria agOlat dinifd2a. agOlat dini-
tra. gOlat pers amers agOlat ykanna. a.cy- 12
nyffed pleth aphletheppa. achiOdaOt babilon
ac agafcia ma(»2 agOlat galldaruf bychan y da.
hytydymduc ytir tywarch yna. ac ytwnahont 15
eub2yHi2th eu helya ywedant gOyftlon yeuro-
pa.acanreithaOgOladoed gOyffyoed tra. GOyth-
yr gOenynt wraged g02dynt ynia. b2()n lofcc- iS
digyon gOyled gOaftra. Ogadeu afoz panatrod-
et digonynt hzeln gOneint pen b2ithret ymil-
wyrmageidaOn pan attrodet. Neu wlat yth- 21
vveiffon ti pan diffydet. ny byd yth efcar efcoz
lludet. Rac gofal yrhual acagalet mil cant
riallu aim varO rac sychet. eu geu gogOilleu 24
aceu milet. asgOenOynOys ywaf kyn nne tref-
ret. kyn noliyn bci gOell digonet. yjnharglOyd 26

■1;

ilc4*«iwTnavn>x^Ur(jTAViMi'irfi^^

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anatttt4tt»A«i»T»»c©v^^.ftu4«i\«jo^tUa i*/
4C4UTmW%ilddi«v»^>V^K);yo v^f UvnTioctref r^ '

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i

i

ALEXANDER MAWR 52

gOlatlOyd gOlat gogonet. Vn wlat io2 0202jjo- 1
2eu yftlyncd.diwyccOyf digonOyf poet gen-
hyt ty gyfrret.y\r» SaOl am clyO poet meu 3

euhunet. UigoiiOynt Oy vod duO kyngOafc
tytwet.

HR cla02 eluyd ygyftedlyd ny ryanet. Te- 6
ir perfon duO.vn mab adOyn terOyn
trinet. Mab yrdOydit.mabyrdyndit. vn mab
ryued. Mab duO diiias.mab gOen mcir gOas. 9
mat gOas gOelet.Ma02 yo2den.ma02 duO re-
en ran gogonet. Ohil ade ac ab2ahe yn ryanet.
Ohil dofyd dogyn dOfynwedyd llu ryanet. Dy- 12
due o eir ejl deill abydeir o pop aelet. pobyl |
ginhiaOc. goec gamvvedaOc SalO anmyncd.
Rydzychafom erbyn triiidaOt gOedy gOaret. 15
Croes crift yn glaer . lluryc llachar rac pop ae-
let. Rac pop anuaOs poet yndilif dinaf diffret.
•^O ^Tcdaf nachia02 / 18

J—t adef nefyla(>2 odyfot rOyf ga02 Clle.xan-
dcr ma02. Alexander magida02 he(<ys liayarn-
daOn cledvfal anwoLraOn. Ueth dan cigvaOn. 21
Dan eigaOn eithyd ygeiflaO keluydyl. agc-if-
fo keluydyt bit oiewin yv2yt. lilithyd odiich
gOynt. rOgdeu grifft arhynt ywelet d2emynt. 24
D2emynt aweles p2effent ny chymes. GOele?
ryfedaOt g02llingan pyfcaOt. aeidunOyf y 20

53 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

ny V2yt.agafas 02 byt. aheuyt oe diwed ganduO i
trugarcd.

HlxluO mcidat duO dofydat dcwin trugar. 3
Ma02 cnwcryfpan ym nodciil itrOy tony-
ar. To2uocd mocffen gOlcdic rcen gOae cu hafcar.
Ys arganfu perif aelu reglyt ypar. ac y vozaOc 6
ao2ugoft newyd ypar. Neur diiu'iK'y trOy ryf-
erthOy auaOd adar.ad2ycheif heul hyt golle-
wein ybu dayar. Ti anodyd arygeryd opop kar- 9
char, namyn tozuoed teryd euga02 trOin cu
dear. HnaOd ninhcu rac adOydeu uffcrn anwar.
^d du6 meidat duO dofydat dcwin trugar. 12
ys tcu ti wlat nef. ys62th tagncf it ykery.
Nyt oef ludet naceiffywet ythwlat dofyd.ny
Ny pherir neb ny byd efcar neb y(> gilyd. Mia 15
wydyOn bcif dcallOn rac kewilyd.karu ohonaOt
ylan trindaOt oncb keluyd. Beird ach gogan.
Oynt acharan yn tragywyd. Ny bu agOael yro- 18
deift ifrael.ynllaO dauyd. alexander keffei llaO-
er niferywyr. Nyt ef nerthaf ony chafas dy
gerenhyd. He vydinoed ae vaOz gadeu ae gam 21
luyd. pan docthant yr dayar buant dear eu di-
henyd. Selyf ygnat agennis gOlat.bu gOell
HOC yd.Mab teyrnon. bu gnaOt berthon oe 24
gyweithyd. Jago veibon auu verthon ar eu
heluyd. adygymuant arannyffant trOy eird 26

[dofyd.

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v^iacr fiM.nvy ^boilol ^ytt itvlnv6«n»

Twwn (!«tli nv^vtrwb o^a«rC\M>\citri>yf
^^^«tt^m\mctw^oal\\HVwv^wwrvc^:y "^

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♦Sllr— -

PREIDEU ANNWVYN 54

auel wiryon auu lOydon agymyrth ffyd. Y i
V2a0t kaim bu diwerin dzOc ycj^uffyl. Aser a
foy6 yn awyrloyOeu kyweithyd.Seren a<^- j
el adOyn niferraceu milwyr.allath voeffen
ef aetozuoed arcu heluyd. Rudech dalen vd
eilladem vdei genhym.llafar amut adoeth 6
adzutafdiwygyd.GOledic cOd vn cOd dirpery
andihenyd. Molaf inhcu pacffOyl tozuocd a-
def menvvyt. Molaf iiiheu adaOt goaeu go2- 9
eileirO byt.p2Jf teyrnas aduc ionas operued
kyt.kiodaOt iiiniucii \>u i^O: llavvcii p2c^clh-
yffit. Riein tra mo2 bu'yfcaOt io2 yfco2yrrit. 1^
a.c auaria meirmerch anna ma02 yphcnyt.
yrdyhaeled athrugared vechteyrn byt.Qn
dOym ninheu yncfkacrcu kynnOyf gcnhyt. 15

Olychaf wledic /

pendeuic gOlat ri . py ledaf ypennaeth
d2oftraeth niuiidi. bu kyweir karchar gOcir is
ygkaer fidi.trOy eboftol pOyll aphrydcri.
Neb kyn nocef nyt iieth idi. yrgadOyn trom
las kywirwas ae ketwi.arac pzeideu annof- 21
yn toft ytgeni. ac yt uraOt parahaOt ynbar-
dwedi. T2i lloneit p2ytwen ydaetham ni idi.
nam fcith nydyrreith ogaerfidi. Neut Oyf 24
glot geinmyn cerd ochlywir. ygkaer pcd2y-
uan pcdyr ychwclyt.yg kynneir 02 peir pan .:o

55 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

leferit. Oanadyl naO moaOyn gochyneuit. i

Neu peir pen annOfyii pOy yvynut.j^Oaym
am yo202 amcrerit. ny bcirO boyt lk>fyr ny 3
ryty<^hit. cledyf lluch lleaOc idaO rydyrchit.
ac yn llaO IcminaOcydedewit.arac dzOs pozth
vffern llufjyrn llofcit. aphan aetham ni gaii 6
arthur trafferth lechrit. namyn seith ny
dyrreith o gaer vedwit. NeutOyfjjlot ge-
inniyn kcrd glywanaOz. ygkaer pedzyfan 9

ynyf pybyrdo2 echoyd amuchyd kymyfcetoz
gOin gloyO eugOiraOt raceugozgozd.Tzi llo-
neit pzytwen ydaetham ni arvoz. namyn 12
seith ny dyrreith ogaer rigoz. jQy obzynafi
lawyr lien llywyadur tra chacr wydyr ny wcl-
fynt Ozhyt arthur. Tzi vgeint canhOz afeui 15
arymur.oed anhaOd ymadzaOd aegOylya-
dur. tri lloneit pzytwen yd aeth gan arthur.
namyn fcith ny dyrreith ogaer golud. I^y iS
obzynafy lawyr llaes eu kylchOy nyOdantOy
pydyd peridyd pOy.pyaOz ymeindyd yganct
cOy. POy gOnaeth arnyt aeth doleu defoy.ny 21
Odant Oy yrych bzych bzas ypenrOy. Seith
vgein kyg()ng yny aerOy. aphan aetham
ni gan arthur auyrdOl gofOy. namyn feith 24
ny dyrreith o gaer vandOy. I^y obzynafy
lawyr llaes eu gohcn. ny Odant pydyd peri 26

[dyd pen.

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A\il amrn cox . »> ^nii;mcii4>\«> dc ^>aat\iidx .
cltunt\»:vf Modv;, i\n»wVdi M»cl)mir\x\\
i\^anrjun \Mc4i ^24V*cvtira^i>i>\)6a ^nr
y 4V^^»bccf4W>mMu*mraWraU*>2.Cb

1^

GWEITri GWENYSTRAT 56

PyaOz ymeindyd yganet perchen. Py vil a- i
gatwant aryant ypen. Pan aethani ni gan
arthur afyrdOl gynhen . namyn fcith ny 3

dyrrcith ogaer ochrcii. CQyiicich dychiuit
val cunin co2.ogyfranc udyd ac gOidanho2.
ac vn hynt gOynt ae vn doiyr moz. a,e vn vf- 6
el tan tOzOf diachoz. Myn'ych dychnut val
bleidaOz. ogyfranc udyd ae gOidyanhaOz ny-
Odant pan yfcar deweint agOaOz. neu Oynt 9
pOy hynt pOy yrynnaOd. py va diua py tir
aplaod.bet fant yndiuant abet allaOz.Go-
lychaf y wledic pendefic maOz.na boyf trill 12
crift am gOadaOj.

HROyre gOyr katraeth gan dyd.am wledic
gOcithuLidic gOarthegvd. Vzyen hOn an- 15
waOt cincuyd.kyfedeily teyrned ac gofyn
ryfelgar. rOyfc cnwir rOyf bcdyd . GOyr pzy-
dein adOythein ynlluyd.gOcn yllrat yllatlyl iS
kat kyny gyd . ny nodes na maes na choedyd
tut achles dypme ozmes pandyuyd.Mal
tonnaOz tofl eugaOz dzos eluyd. GOelcif wyr 21
gOychyr ynlluyd. agOedy bozegat bziOgic.
GOeleis i tozof tcirffin traghedic. gOaed goho-
yO gofaran gochlywyd. ynamOyn gOen yftrat 24
ygOelit gofur hag agOyr llaOz lludedic . Yn
dzOs ryt gOclcif y\\ yr llctrudyon. ciryf dillog 26

57 TFIE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

yrac bluOa {rofedon. Vn ynt tanc gan aethant i
golludyon llaO ygcroes gryt ygro garanwyny-
on. kyfcdOynt ygynrcin kyOym don.gOanecaOa 3
gollychynt raOn cu kaftbn. ©Oclcif i wyr gofpe-
ithic gofpylat. agOyar auaglei ardillat. adully-
aO diailym dOys 02th kat. kat gOoztho ny buffo 6
]).in p^iyllatt glyO reget reuedafipan ucidat.
GOeleis i ran rcodic am vzyen pan amOyth ae
alon. yiillech wen galyflcm yOytheint oed llaf- 9
yn aeffaOa gOyr gobozthit 02th aghcn. awyd kat
adiffo eurowyn. ac yny vallOyfy hen ymdygyn
agheu aghen. ny bydif yn dirwen. namoIOyf 12
i V2yen.

^I'Ryen yrechOyd . haelaf dyn bedyd. lliaOs
124.arodyd ydynyon cluyd. malykynnullyd 15
ytwcfceryd. Hawcn beird bedyd tra vodyuuch-
yd. ys mOy llewenyd gan clotuan clotryd. ys
mOy gogonyant vot vzyen yae plant, acefyn is
arbennic yn 02uchel wledic. yndinaf pcllennic.
ynkeimyat kynteic. lloegrOys aegOydant pan
ymad2odant . agheu aegOdant gaOffant amy- 21
nych godyant . llofci eu trefrct adOyn cu tudct
ac eimOnc collet ama02 aghyffret heb gaf-
fel gOarct. rac vzyen reget. Reget diffreidyat 24
clot io2 ag02 gOlat vymod yffyd arnat. Opop
erclywat dOyf dypeleitrat pan erclywat kat. 26

SI

'■:Z^^

Jim AwUoci) \<xi ^mv(t«ni V wtlKwt•Ol^^ll.^f
V^ ^»U1^^\»^ v^vttwn cUn'^•mJl vlHnmulu*^

#

t

X^Xi

/

AVKvtVvc<yt\i>vcytwytU«s)n\ViiC4TUC^

Ad^mtv^^ad^m tttitfc imi vydnttofiitr.

KANU URYEN 58

kat pan ykyrchynt jrOnyeith awneit. Tan i

yntei kyn dyd rac vd yrechOyd. YrechOyd
tcccaf aedynyon haelhaf . LfnaOt eigyl hcb 3
waeffaf.am teyrn gleOhaf. gleOhaf eif-
fyllyd tydi gozeu yffyd.oaauu acauyd.
nyth oes kyftedlyd.pan dzemherarnaO (>

yfehalaeth ybzaO. GnaOt gOyled ymdan-
aOam teyrn gocnaO. ^mdanuO gOyled.
^lliaOs maranhed eurtcyrn goglcd arbcMi- 9
hie tcyrned. a.c yny vallOyf hen ymdygyn
agheu aghen. ny bydif ym dirwcn na mo-
lOyfi V2yen. 12

aLC gozffowys can rycheddyf parch ach-
ynnOys. amcd mcuedOys. MeuedO-
yf mcd yo2uoled achein tired imi ynryfcd. 15
a^ryfed niaOz ac eur ac aOz. ac aOz achet ach-
yfriuet achyfriuyant. arodi chwant. chw-
ant oerodi yr \ y Il<>chi. \ i lad ytgryc yl is
vac yt vyc. yt vyc yt vac yt lad )iirac. rac-
wed rothit yveird ybyt. Byt yngcugant
itti yt wedant (>2th dy ewyilis . DuO ryth pe- 21
rif ricu ygnif rac ofyn dyl)2is. annogyat
kat diffrcidyat gOlat.gOlat dil'freidyat kat
annogyat. gnaOt amdanat t020f pyrtylat. 24

Pyftalat t02()f ac yuet c020f. k(>2l)f oe yfet
achein trefret achein tudct imi ryanllofet. 26
E 2

59 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

n.dyfcnyd vaii.ac circh achlanynvn trypan i
maOz abychan talieflln gan tidi acdidan.ys
tidi go2cu 02 agiglcu y('2dlidcu. Molaf inhcu 3
dy wcithrcdcu. ac yny valloyf hen ym dyi^^yn
aghcu aghen. ny bydif ymdirwen iia molo-
yf vayen. 6

Vjt'In \n l)lyned ar vn yn darwed gOin amall
53.amcd. QgOzhyt diaffed ac eilewyd gozot.
alieitam vcrercu ae pen ffuncu ae tec gOydua- 9
eu ei paOb oewyt dyfynt yniplymnOyt. ae
varch ydanaO yggodeu gOeith mynaO.achwa-
nec anaO bud am li am laO. Oyth vgcin vn lliO 12
oloi abiO. bid blitli acychen aphop kein agen
Ny bydOn lavven bei lleas vzyen.ys cu kyn
eithyd yeifkygryn kygryt. ab2igerwen olch- 15
et ac clo2 ydyget agrangOy arllet am wact
gOyr gonodet. ag02 b(i2r bythic. auci wedo y
wreic. am yf gOin ffeleic. am ys goin niyiiyc is
gyltOn.am so2th am po2th am pen kyn najjhar
kyfOyrein. kymaran tauaO gOas yrdzCvs a
gOarandaO py trOft aedayar agryn acmoz 21
adugyn. dygtiynyc ychyngar 02th ypedyt. Of-
fit vch ymryn neut V2yen aegryn. Offit vch
ympant neut V2yen aegOant. Offit vch ymy- 24
nyd.ncut V2yen ao2uyd. Offit vch ynrio neut
V2ycn acb2iO. Offit vch ygclaOd. neut V2yen 26

?r<?

4lvarintt\)«v<jmiWV^n^<nuli4tsc^*^lW

«t:4c4<Ky^v«tttTd^um^arlUtam<Jc'»w^

lyiKVjvwtt^'Uvwmmv tuu4i> ^^ vvhw a
4<m^m«>v^m\vrvcbVttcctt- wrtivvc>>\*t.C:
vm^xm<rn«ut\nmi4cd^ktttt.6%^vd)Vtnv
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vnlU^ vcVaw. iV \nn»\vitu>vf itk» \nn6yivn

\)W\m vcttV'4rUu.^3f0^^ll a\t««trvvxn6unii.
^^>ft)Vt'Vvvn^v^•AttncViVtfflam{w^♦tv\uw

\mt n\t v^>mt-tt\♦f vntr^vtrnw* Ad^tcuvob
axl b)«^n lHmt^\v\i3ct<»>.\»>maftetcit>VA*(hn

tvv\ntv5HV*mi v«t()on 0\mdj o5u^> <imv\.i\

GWEITH ARGOET LLWYVEIN 60

ablaOd. Vch hynt vch as vch ympo[) kamas. i
Nacvii trcO nadcu ny naOcI yraceu. Nybydci
arnewyii aphacideu yny j^ylchyn. Goatfozy- 3
aOc jjfozlaffaOc crozlaffar. eil a^heu oed ypar.
yiillad ycfcar. a.c yny v^^lk>yfillc■^ ynid)t4yii
ajrheu aghcii. ny hydif yni dyrwen. namo- 6

loyfvzyen. GOeilhargoet llGy fein.kanu vz-

el)()2(: tluO fatkian kat uaOiauu. ():j)an du) - yen.
re heul hyt pan _<,rynnu.dy_i^rylToy.s tlam- 9
doyn yn petwar llu.irodcu arctrct yymdiillu.
dyuOy oargoet hyt arvynyd.ny chcffynt cir-
yof hyt yr vndyd. atozelwif flamdOyn vaOz 12
trcbyftaOt.cldodynt yggOyftlon aynt paraOt.
YsattebOys. Owein dOyrein ffoffaOt. iiyt dod-
ynt nyt ydynt nyt ynt paraOt. Clchcncu vab 15
coel bydci kymOyaOc leO. kyn aflalci oOyllyl
neba0t.a.tO2c-l\vif vaycii vd yrcchoyd.obyd ym-
gyfaruot am gerenhyd. dyrchafon eidoed oduch
niynyd. He am j)()2lhOii Oyiiob oduch cm\I. 'd 19
dyrchafoii [)eleidyr oduch pen gOyr. QchyrchOn
fflamdoyn yny luyd. JllladOn ac ef aegyweithyd.
arac gOeith argoet llOyfein bu llawcr kclcin . 22
Rudei vzein rac ryfel goyr. ClgOcrin agryfkiys
gan einewyd. arinaf ybloydyn nat Oy kynnyd .
ac yny vallOyfy hen ym dygyn aghcu aghcn.
ny bydif ymdyrvvcn na moK'yf vzyen . =6

6l THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

'RdOyre reget ryffed rieu. i

,neu tirygofteis kyn bOyf teu. gniffynt
kat lafnaOz achat vereu. Gniffynt wyr ydan kylch
OyaOz. lleeu goOy gOyn gOylein ymathzeu ny 4
mat vzOytrOyt. Ri ny mat geu ydymarmerth
gOledic gOzth kymryeu. nys gyrr neges ygeif-
faton gochaOn marchaOc mOth molut gOzyon. 7
odzeic dylaO adaO doethaO don. Yny doeth viph
yntreif aryalon.hyny doeth vzyen ynedyd yn
aeron. ny bu kyfergyryat ny bu gynnOys. Tal- 10
gynaOt vzyen yrac powys nybu hyfrot bzOt
echen gyrrOys hyueid agododin alleu towys .
deOz ynenmyned atheith gOyduOys diueuyl 13
dydOyn ygOaet gOyden aweles llOyuenyd.
Vdyd kygryn. yn eidoed kyhoed yn eil mehyn
kat yn ryt alclut kat ymynuer. kat gellaOz 16
bzeOyn. kat hireurur. kat ympzyfc. katleu
kat ynaber iocd ydygy franc adur bzeucr maOz
kat glutuein gOeith pencoet lloyth llithyaOc 19
cun aromozmant gOaet.atueilaO gOyn go-
uchyr kyt mynan eigyl edyl gOzthryt.Iletrud
agyfranc acvlphynryt gOell ganhergdledic 21
pyr yganet yvd pzydein pen perchen bzoefl-
laOn y vd. nyt ymduc diUat na glas na gaOz
na choch nac ehoec vyc moz llaOz. nyt ardodes 25
yvozdOyt dzof voel maelaOz veirch ogenedyl

^Ha^lc<^^«l1 tivtmv^uaiv^ »j^nnnic»j^\\tia(
\mtiiftiVan«*U*)n \s\'<vy^ xvjtit vuhju vw«I'>vw^v<»

cc^«l^nweln♦u<^^^a^^)Mnatl«utoM♦*• \,
^v^nm v«5Va^ ^^n *\^^c\c6 lUn>u^»^«

Incinm.tutfclni'^unmtHitrvmvnKc.Uatlm
larv^lal>n*\o^\x^^^3vfl•anca^ur^rtau^*^^uw

amai'<jttioJitutir^va«-.,\cvvtniU) sx^nm «j>>
udivi*^H>rTn\mau cujvV c;>vV ^nihv>»r.ll«vub
a^vfrancoa^^xnnvr^jssiU •^anlvsi'^j^^Viihc

Uw vvd .ttvt^m^5v\o>iUatrtia ^s^ na^tj

•

y

A^yax A^)OvwtJv^f \m\&wJiwn na wot
lA(V«tUJ\'fvntuwd)^.«<>d4tCixacn^

ttUBWCutnPVvtun-^ni>vV>wl^rtHmn'v«tt ^ <

U^^ «^f-.\ _^f^/;^v.» , R.^4?ijrV^'

^4.

YSPEIL TALIESSIN 62

vzych mo2 greidaOl. Haf ydan ayafacaraf yn 1
llaO.aryt arotwyd eu harOylaO. agOefi; ydan
geird ac ymdOyraO. a,c hyt ozffen byt edzy- 3
wyt kaO.gofydin goyfcub. dyhaOl am dclO
dileOz am leuuercu.neu vi erthycheis yncif
rachOyd peleidyr aryfcOyd.yfcOyt ynllaO 0

godeu areget yn ymdullyaO. neu vi awele-
if OzynbuarthaO. farff foned virein fegidyd
laOz. Neu vi gogOn ryfel ydargolIaOz. armeint 9
agollOyf yargollaOa. neu vi neu ymgozOyth
medu medlyn gan hyfeid hyOz hyoll dilyn
neu vi neu yfcenhedeif kyfcaOt gOeithen dith- 12
rychOys vy rieu radeu lawen gOacfa gOlatda.
Ozth uruOyn. a.c yny vallOyfy hen ymdygyn
agheu aghen.ny bydif ymdirwen na mol- 15
Oyfvzyen. yfpeil talielTin. kanuvzyen.

/^G gdzhyt gogyfcirch yiUrafferth gOactoyf
VA avvelloyf ynkertli wir. gOeleif i rac neb nym 18
gOeles pop annOyl. ef diwyl yneges. GOeleis
ipafcam leu am lys. GOeleis i deil odyfyn ado-
wys. GOeleif i keig kyhafal yblodeu. Ncur we- 21
leif vd haelhaf y dedueu. GOeleis i lyO katraeth
tramaeu bit vy nar nOyhachar kymryeu CiO-
erth vy nat maOz uyd yuud yradeu pen maon 24
milwyr amde. pzeid lydan pzen onhyt yo vy
awen gOeii yfcOydaOz yrac glyO gloyO glas 26

63 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

jjOen i^IeO ryhaOt jjleOhaf vn yO vzyen. nym '^oz- i
feif gOarthejryd. jrozdear gozyaOc gozlaffaOc goz-
hiffar goziaga gozclOyre. Pop rei fag dileO du mer-
wyd ymozdci vd tra blaOd )-n yd cl oth vod. V'ared
melynaOz yn ncuad maranhedaOc diffreidaOc s
ynaeron.maOzyvvyn yanyant. aceilon maOz
dyfal l;il .im yalon. maOz gOznerth yftlyned y
vzython.mal rot tanhOydin dzos eluyd. mal s
ton teithiaOc llOyfenyd. mal kathyl kyfliO gOen
agOeithen. Val moz mOynuaOz yO vzyen. Vn y
cgin cchangryt gOaOz. Vn yO ricu rOyfyadur a u
dyaOz. Vn yO maon meirchmOth miledaOz. dcch-
reu mei ym powyf bydinaOz. Vn yOyndeuOy
pan oRiy yweirin.eryr tirtuhir tythremyn . 14
a.dunRm yarozOyd ffyfciolin tut ynyeil gOerth
yfpeil talieffin. Vn yO gOzys gOz llaOz agozOyd.
\'n yO bzcyr bcnffyc y argloyd. vn yO "hydgre "hyd
yndiuant. vn yO bleid banadlaOc anchwant. 18
vn yO gOlat vab eginyr. ac vn wed ac vnfon kat-
ua ketwyr \nR>n ydzOc yieaian.achencu aiiud
hael ahirvvlat ydanaO. ac of it yt Oydif ym gOcn 21
ef gOncif beird byt yn llawen. kyn mynhOyf
nieirO mcib gOyden gOaladyr gOaod gOenvvkit
VzyeN. 24

eN enO gOledic nef gozchozdyon . rychan-
ant ry chOynant ydzagon. GOzthodcs 26

ii»ful laUw v*Uim .Tn«Un«^w4rtl> \Kftvm4d v

4l^wrtottv4Vi«v♦\>^fi\^fao\wtttr^nl^Hn\^J^«l•tlJ

^biumltrbn >H>btob4iid^Uoc4n^«nit;
Uilt>«t^^V^*\.nifw vdioc v\«dt4n . Advmcw antt^

tmr \v c'l7\j)m4»w v&M^^'^ .G\>Jt{>o6>20^

/^

^•*

■J-^ipIP

rv^^^tK iv&v1v>fiif n'c^iWAf v^*^-J«^v^ '
\hV1cMc wom'&^> .Q ^bivA) i\\^^ itivw t|wr

^Im^i^r rv^^*^> vv\vccfa<« iTlvci'^'^i*- ivt^>

**-

i

Y WALLAWG 64

gogyfres gOelydon lliaOs run ;i nudanOython. i
ny golychaf an gnaOt beird ovaython. Ryf-
ed hael o fywyd fywcdyd. Vnlle rygethlyd 3

rygcthlic rydylyfaf rychanaf ywlc^dic. yny
wlat yd oed ergrynic nym gC'ncl nyf gOnaf
ec nevvic. AnhaOd diollOg aOdloed nydiffyc 6
ywledic nyomed. Oedzych aOdyh trtmi teyr-
ned yny uyO nyf deubyd bud bed. Ny digon-
ont hoffed oe buchynt. kaletach yrarteith ha- 9
el hynt. Tozyf pzcffcnnaol tra phzydeiji tfa
phryder rygohoyO rylyccraOz rylyccrer. ryth-
aruaOz rybarnaOz. rybarn paOb ygOz banher 12
aeninat yn ygnat ac eluet. Nyt ygOz dxilaO y
daeret gOaf greit agOzhyt gotraet. E»eicha(>c
gOallaOc ynllywct. hOyrwedaOc gOallaOc artebet. 15
Ny ofyn yncb avvncch ud ncut ym vd nac nciit
ychdarwerthcr tcOued jMidiwcd haf. nyf kyn-
nyd namyn chwech. Chwechach it gynan o is
h\nn\ il chwcdlaOc trOydedaOc traeth dyd. Tt-yr-
ned ygOncd nOyf mcd mac tebic heul haf hue-
nyd foned ganmOyhaf kenhafgan docth ygan ::i
llu eilaffaf bint bytli dcrwyt bzyt haf \)zyl
mab lleenaOc liiaOc. HamgOaOl gOnngOaOl.
gOnngOzcs.tarth gdzes gOzes tarlh tragynnif 24
ydeghif heb warth.clcda cicdifa cledifarch.
Nyt amtyrr ylu yled^at.nyt amcfcut ygaO y 26

<>v\vlat

65 THE BOOK OF TALTESSIN

k\wlat. Tyljynt tal yfcOydaOz rac taleu y veirch. i
( )march trOfl mozyai- rithcarriallu gOynaOc ri
^liyfllant jj^Oeiryd {j^oIudaOc ogaer glut hyt ga- 3
LTgaracJa(>c.yft;idvI tirpenpzys agdallaOc tcyr-
md teOzn tagwedaOc. DadolOch Yzycn. 5
leuuy^ echaffaf mi nyO dirmygaf. vayen agyr-
chaf. JdaO yt ganaf. pan del vygwaeflaf. ky-
nOys agaffaf. a.r parth g02euhaf ydan cilaffaf . s
Ny_t mjiOz yimclaOz byth gOeheleith awelaf. Nyt
afattaduntganthunt nybydaf. Nychyrchafigo-
gledarmeiteyrncd. kyn pei amlawered ygOnel- n
^ gyghC'yftled. Nyt reit im hoffed. Vayen nym
gomed. ELoyfenyd tired yfmeu eu reufed. Ys meu
ygOyJed. ys meu yllared. ys meu ydelideu ae goz-
efraffeu med ouualeu adadieiffeu gan teyrn goz-
eu. haelaf rygigleu . Teyrned pop ieith it oil yd 16
yirt geith. Ragqt yt gOynir yf djr dyoleith. ky^t
ef mynaffOn gOeyhelu henOn. Nyt oed well ager-
On.kyn yfgOybydOn. weithon ygOelaf ymeiiit 19
agaffaf. Namyn yduO vchaf nyf dioferaf. Dy
teyrn veibon haelaf dynedon.Oy kanan eu hyf-
cyrron yn Ured eu galon.ac yny vallOyfi hen 22
ymdygyn agheu aghen ny bydaf ym dirvven
na molGyfi vzyen. MarOnat erof.

Mchpeles eluyd val nof yn dyd. odyfot dot 25
ryd crcOlff pen bedyd . ErcOlff adywedej.

vii.Ht«%Uf n>MA<m .^tnt^d ^ i«tli troll vi -

FiVcf)Adid vnuvJ*^«l twf vn^\♦^•^M♦fbt Hat

%.

igj>cutv!ifiiu« .vfttov^H'J >nn«^a ♦wuv<M«i , J[

j,^ - >5utv^"0f ijC\>4> «i€*iv .

MARWNADEU 66

agheu naf riuei.yfcOydaOz ymozdei arnaO atoz- i
rei. ErcOlf fyweffyd ermin lloej^yr egyd. Pede-
ir colofyn kyhyt rudeur arcu hyt. Colofneu 3
crcOlf nyf arucid bygOl. BygOl nys beidei.Gz-
es heul nys gadei. Nyt aeth neb if nef hyt yd
aeth ef. ErcOlf mur ffoffaOt. Af amdut tywaOt. 0
As rodOy trindaO trugared dydbzaOt yn vnda-
Ot heb eiffeu.

QadaOc mur mcnwyt. MadaOc kyn bu bed. 9
bu dinaf edzyffcd.o gamp achymOcd .
Mab vthyr kyn lleas ocIaO dyOylllas. dybu
erof greuIaOn. B llewenyd anwogaOn. Tziilyt
anwogaOn aozyO erof greuIaOn. Bzattau ieffu 13
ac ef y n credu. Dayar y ncrynu ac eluyd y ngar-
du.a.chyfcoc arybyt a,bodyd argryt.llam an-
wogaOn aozyO erof crculaOn.mynct ynytrcfyn
ymplith oer gethern hyt yg waelaOt vffern. 17
lyffynhaOn lydan dylleinO achcf. f-Harbnat
dydaOdyhebcyrdy bzis dy . cojroi .m. oaprp.
bzys. MarOnat cozroy am kyffroes. Oer deni gOz 20
garO yanOyteu. aoed voy ydzOc nyf maOzgicleii.
Mab dayry dalei lyOarvoz deheu. dathyl oed y
glot kyn nnc adncu. DyltynhaOn lydan dellei-
nt.1 nonncu.dydaO dy hebcyr dybzys dybzeii . 24
MarOnaOt cozroy gcnhyf inhcii. ( )<r deni. Dyf-
f) ii1i;Kmi Kilan ilylleinO tly Hyr. dy saelli (l)ch-

6; THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

yrch traeth diuOg dybyr. GOz awerefcyn m i

O2 y varanref. awedy mynaO mynet trefyd. 3.

ant (»y ffr'es ffra wynyonyd. Tza uu uudugere
voze dujrra02. chwedlcu am u^Oydir owir hytla(i2. 4
kyfranc co2roi achocholyn. lliaOf eu teruyfcam
eu teruyn. Tardei pen amwern gOerin goaduOyn.
kaer yffy gulOyd ny gOyd ny grin. GOyny vyt yr
eneitaeharob2yn . iHarbnat opian til ton. tal. ac cant, s

aN duO uchaf dewin doethaf mOyhaf aued
Py delifmacs pOy ae s6)inas ynlkiO trahael .
Neu gynt nocef. pOy uu tagnef arredyf gefel. u
G02th2if gOaftraOt gOenOyn awnaeth gOeith
gOythloned. GOanu dylan. adOythic Ian. treif
ynhytyruer. Ton iwerdon. athon yanaO. athon 14
ogled, aihon p2ydein t02Uoed yirein yn petwa-
red. Golychafi tat duO douydat gOlat heb om-
ed. CreaOdyr celi an kynnOyf ni yntrugarcd. 17
'Neit owein ap V2yen. iHatbnat aDtoein
;;6bOyllit yrcn oe reit. Reget ud ae cud
tromlaf. nyt oed vas ygywydeit. Jfcell kerd- 20
glyt clot ua02 efcyll gaOz "llifeit "gOayawaOz .
canycheffir kyfledlyd.y vd llewenyd llatrcit.
Medel galon gcueilat. eiffylut ytat ae teit. 23
Pan ladaOd Owein fflamdOyn. Nyt oed uOy
noc et kyfceit. kyfcit lloegyr llydan nifer aleu-
ueryn eu llygeit. arei ny ffoynt hayach. aoed- 26

[ynt

4tttvv 4(!^<^ 4(^v«nv>.'^ uu mt^ii^m
imnainm.^Ai'ia yen 4m4Mm ff^mn ^)3A^»K>i^.

CH'«<n*f Mu(t»i*t- ti^^Miv(9^m iVf^na^ S^^' >

^

VmndJtJ) m<iwocti) t^mUv?. l»^ivntH*f

4ctl)uvp\*^tt4 uv\»f uv^ lH»T5ovUcnn.tlm
bv\*ft^»tn ^nrt^.lu'C nab^»f mftrv^tKJbof-
l>i^ dblcdtc<»UmdeficiUtum*m.\^^iii>m'ti)^

MARWNAT OWEIN 68

ch no reit. Owein aecofpes yndzut mal cnut i

yndylut deueit . GO2 gOiO uch yaniliO feirch .
arodei veirch yeircheit. kyt as cronyei mal ca- 3
let. ny rannet rac yeneit. Eneit. O .ap vzyen.

echzys ynys gOaOt hu /
ynys gOzys gobetroz. Mon mat goge 6

gOzhyt eruei.menei ydoz.lleweif wiraOt gO-
in abzagadt gan vzaOt efco2.Teyrn wofrOy
diwed pop rOyf rewinetoz.TzifllaOn deon yr 9
archacdon kan rychioz. Nyt uu nyt vi ygky-
melri ygyfciffoa. Pan doeth aedon.owlat wy-
tyon feon teOdoz. GOenOyn pyr doeth pedeir 12
pennoeth meinoeth tymhoz. kOydynt kyf-
oet ny bu clyt coet gOynt ygohoz . Math aceu-
uyd. HutOyt geluyd ryd eluinoz. YmyO gOyt- 15
yon ac amaethon.atoed kyghoz.Toll tal y
rodaOc ffyryf ffo diaOc . ffyryf diachoz . katarn
gygres y varanres ny bu werthuoz. kadarn is
gyfed ym pop gozfed gOnelit yvod. Cu kyn-
acthOy hyt tra uOyf uyO kyrbOylletoz . am
bOyfl gan grift. hyt na bOyf trift ran ebof- 21
tol. Had archaedon gan egylyon. cOynOyffctoz
'Chrys ynyf gOaOt huynys gOzyf goch-
.ynia. Yrac bud was. kymry dinaf. clrof 24
ara. DzaganaOl ben pziodaOz pcrchen ymretonia.
Difa (fOledic 02 bendcfic ae tu terra. Pedeir moz

69 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

Oyn wedy eu cOyn dygnaOt eu tra. ErdygnaOt i
wirar voza'rtir. hireu trefra. Oe wironyn na
digonyn dimgofettra. keryduf Oyf nachyr- 3
bOyllOyf am rywiiel da. YlOzO lywy pOy gOahar-
dOy pOy attrefna. YlOzO aedon pOy gyiihcil mon
mOyii govvala. ambOyfi gan grifl: hyt na bOyf 6
trift odaOc oda. Ran trugared ywlat ricd buch-
ed gyfa.

QYdOyf talieffin deryd gOaOt godolaf vcdyd. 9
licdyd rOyd rifedeu eidolyd. kyfKmc allt
ac allt ac echOyd. ErgrynaOz cuncdaf creifferyd.
ygkaerweir achaer liwelyd. ErgrynaOt kyfat- 12
Ot kyfergyr. kyfanwanec tan tramyr ton. Ilu-
paOt gle6 ygilyd. kan kafas y whel uch cluyd .
mal vcheneit gOynt Ozth onwyd. kefynderch- 15
yn ygOn ygyfyl kyfachetwyn achoclyn keren-
hyd. GOifcant veird kywrcin kanonhyd. marO
cunedaf agOynaf agOynit . COynitoz teOdoz is
teOdun diarchar. Dychyfal dychyfun dyfynveif.
dyfyngleis dychyfun. YmadzaOd cOdedaOd ca-
letlOm.kaletach Ozth elyn noc afcOzn. ys kyn- 21
yal cunedaf kyn kywys athytwet.yOyneb a
gatwet kanweith cyn bu lleith yndozglOyt
Dychludent wyr bzyneich ympymlOyt. Ef ca- 24
net racyofyn aearfOyt oergerdet. kyn bu dayr
dogyn ydOet. heit haual am Oydwal gOnebzOyt. 26

^9 5f^

\ I ?5?ciT>Mv\*^ itfe!«u ciioU»d»U\vft\mc 4llr

cinicNtf a^^nnuf o^mit-. ^vttitw teuNn

tetloni .Mcfcidi wcf ) cl\m tu>r.rih>m .ve Uim
^^x«<«tlun A'«rti» c\m bii U<ati) \mio:#in»t-

fa tui^ Ww^^ mc Vn nt^. If vM^fai «)intifm' ,
«>^»fl»iv ^'cUMtr.^>mttt\5itr v^tlUv tin

.lHn*t»vn:im x^y^\ ^Ami lumM .>iu4 lum
VlKiw«wrii duUcHi .vifivtet^i \niU\»tt .A^

KWYNAW KUNEDA 70

gOeinaO gOaeth llyfred noc adOyt. a.doet hun i
dimyaO agOynaf amlys am grys cunedaf
amryaflaO hallt am hydyruer mo2. cLmhze- 3
id afOan aballaf . gOaOt veird aogon aogaf.
a.c ereill arefon arifaf . RyfcdaOz yn erulaOd
a.naG cant gozOyd kyn kymun cuncda. Ry- 6
mafei biO blith yrhaf. Rymafei edyrflraOt
ygayaf. Rymafei win gloyO acoleO. Ryma-
fei tozof keith rac vn treO. F,f dyfal ogrcffur 9
ogyfleO gOeladur. Pennadur \nyt lleO llu-
dOy uedei gywlat rac mab edern kyn edyrn
anaeleO. Ef dywal diarchar diedig. am ryf- 12
reu agheu dychyfyg . Ef gobozthi aes yman-
regoaaOl gOir gOzaOl oed y vnbyn. Dymhun
achyfatcun athal gOin kamda. diua hun 15

§Vgogan awen dygobzyffyn. [ogoclig.
maranhcd ameuued ahed gcnhyn.a,
phennaeth ehalacth affraeth vnbyn. QgOe- is
dy dyhcd anhcd ympopmehyn. Seith me-
iboveli dychafyffyn. kafwallaOn allud ach-
efludyn.diwed plocoUiagootirpzydyn. GOlat 21
uerO dyderuyd hyt valaon . lludedic cu hoely-
on ymdcithic eu hafOyn. GOlat wehyn var-
gotyon . kollaOt kymry oil eu hacldcr. ynry- 24
gyftlyned opennaeth weiffon. Rydybyd
llyminaOc auyd gOz chwannaOc ywcrefcyn ss

71 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

mon areweinyaO gOyned. oeheithaf oe pher- i
ued oedechreu oediwed. achymryt ygOyftlon .
Yftic yOyneb nyt eflOg yneb nachymryna/
Saeffon. DydaO gOz ogOd awna kyfamrud. 4
achat ygynhon . arall adyfyd pclleiiaOc y
luyd llewenydy vzython. iHarbnat btb^r pen.
«Y^lai \i luoflaOc yntrydar. ny phcidOn rlig 7
4-Cil(u lu heb Oyar. Neu viaelwir gozlaffar.
Vyg wrys bu enuys ym hefcar. Neu vi tywyf-
faOc yn tywyll am rithOy am dOy pen kawell. 10
Neu vi cil kawyl yn ardu. ny pheidOn hcb
Oyar rOgdeulu. Neu viaamuc vy achleffur.
yn difant acharant cafnur. Neur ozdyfneis 13
iwaet am Oythur. cledyfal hydyr rac mci-
bon caOrnur. Neu vi arannOys vy achleffur
naOuetran yg gOzhyt ardiur. Neu vi ato2rc- 16
if cant kaer. neu vi aledeif cant maer. Neu
vi arodeif cant lien, neu vi aledeif cant pen.
Neu vi arodeif i hen pen. cledyfaOz goauaOa 19
gyghallcn. Neu vi ozeu terenhyd hayarndoz
edeithoz penmynyd. ym gOeduit ymgofit .
hydyr oed gyhir. Nyt oed vyt ny bei vy eiffi- 22
11yd. Midoyf vard moladOy yghywreint.poet
ygan vzein ac eryr ac Oytheint. auacdu ae
deubu ygymeint. pan ymbyrth petrywyr 25
rOg dOy geint. DrigyaO y nef oed ef vychwant .

t "i

^j\«d^uluai.liVu Vi OKU tKwnt»v6 iM^vntiCnn
Naibuv^»tn4mcy^ymin»vtli vw^•^i^vr

r -^ . 1

mrdv\«nrie<^uJttt.Vvntmw4>tvtMetlmVi»

ic4m^*^t.oMwiiUij<uvUii(httiiU4r.!l4t\m '

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(!^lvIulTVfbc^l.0at^1uccalKtnv»V<vv*t^:^ i

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jtti

KEIN GYFEDWCH

/-

rac eryr rac ofyn amheirant. Oyf bard ac 6yf te- i
lynaOz. Oyf pibyd ac Oyf crythaOz. Seith vge-
in kerdaOz dytjozuaOz <jy<^hallen. Bu kalch 3
vzi v2iniat.hu efcyll edeinat. Dy vabdy vcird-
nat dy veirdcwndat. vyn tauaOt ytracthu vy
marOnat. handit o meinat j^Oathglodyat hyt 6
p2yt p2ydein huyfcein ynihOyllat. Golcdic ncf
yokennadeu nam doat.

Ki:ingyfedOch yam deulOch . llOch am plcit. 9
picit am .fi^acr. kaer yn ehacr ryyfcrifyat
vircin ffo racdaO. a.r llej^ kaO mOyedic ucin dzc-
ic amjryffreu . odiich lleeu Ileftreu Hat. Hat yn 12
eurgyrn. eurgyrn ynllaO. llaO yn yfci. yfci y
mod2ydaf nur yth iolaf budic vcli amhanogan.
Ri rygeidO yteithi. Ynyf vel veil teithiaOc oed 15
idi. i'ymp pcnnacth dimbi oOydyl ffichti opc-
chadur kadcithi ogcncdyl yfci. pymp crcill dy-
mgoi o nozdmyn mandi. W'hcchet ryfcd ri. is
oheu hyt vcdi. Seithuct o hcni yweryt dzof
li. Oythuet lin.x adyui nyt lloyded efco2i. Gynt
gOaed venni. GalwaOz eryri anhaOd ydcui. 21
Jolon cloi pan ynbo gan geh adef ncf dimbi.

BVdyrchafoy duOarployff bzython aroyd
llcwcnyd lluyd o von. kyffryffcd crOyncd 2a
b2ys (T02cho2dyon. IFaO claeropopacrkaffaul
gOyfllon. I'owys dybydant doyf ygkylk'udon. =6

73 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

GOyr <T02uyn ffozynt areudeduon. Deuluyd i
ant bydant jryffon. yn vn redyf vn eir kyweir
kymon. kyfranant yn iaOn keredigyaOn vaon. 3
Pan wclych wyr ryn am lyn aeron. Pan votrOni
ty wi atheiui auon . Oy gOnant aer ar V2ys amlys
lonyon. ageunif adewif yn ozllOython. Nynoth- 6
Oy dinaffoed rac yrOython. Dynclut. dyn maer-
ut dyn daryfon . nyt oed lOyr degyn dyn riedon
Pan dyfu gatwallaOn daof eigyaOn iwerdon . 9
yd atrefnOys nefoy yn ardnefon. keinyadon
moch clyOyf eugofalon. MarchaOc lu moz taer
am gacr llion. a.dial idwal acaranwynyon. 12
agOare pelre aphen faeffon. Ys trabludyo ygath
vzeith ae hagyfieithon. o ryt ar taradyr hyt y
ym po2th Oygyrymon. Jeuanc didOynas dinaf 15
maon. O2 pan amygir mel ameillon . Gadent
eu hamrydar aehamryffon. Nyt diOyftyl godi
die 02th alon. RydyrchafOy duO arplOyf hzy- is
thon. a. II.

RindaOt tragywyd ao2eu eluyd. agOedy
cluyd adaf yn geluyd. agOedy adaf. daygoz-
cu eua. yr ifrael bcndigeit ao2eu murgreit. G02d 22
ygyrbOylleit . Glan ygywydeit. Deudec tref yr
ifrael .dOy rein gywychafael. Deudec meib yr
ifrael. ao2eu duO hael. Deudec meib yr ifrael. 25
buant gytuaeth . deudec da dinam . teir mam

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1

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iiiwc<» ^><iuH trtidn VniatiiMi . ov<<K>iA&t ii«f<rt

••1

GWAWT LUD YMAWR 74

aemaeth.Vn gOzaecreOys creaOdyr aegOnaeth. i
Mai ygOna avynho auo» pennaeth . Deudeg
meib yr ifrael awnaeth culOyd . mal ygOna a 3
Vynho auo arglOyd . Deudcc meib yr ifrael
awnaeth dofyd.mal ygOna auynho avo kel-
uyd. Deudcc meib yr ifrael dymgofu oganhat 6
icffu. ac vii tataebu atheir mam udu. Oiiadu
ydocth rat aceiffydyd mat.ameir mat great,
achrifl vyneirthat. arglOyd pop gOcnvvlat a- 9
alwaf aeilO pop ryd.hu bo vyg hynnyd.gen-
hyt gerenhyd. Gbabt luo pmabj.

Eathyl go2cu gogant Oyth nifcr nodant. 12
1 )uO lluii dybydant peithiaOc yd ant. DuO
maOzth ytrannant gOyth yn yfcarant. DuO 1
merchyr mcdant ryodaes rychwant. DuO icu 15
efcozant eidyolyd anchwant. DuO gOener dyd
goamant.ygwaet gOyr gonofant. DuO sadozii.

DuO sul dy is
yngeugant diheu dybydant. Pymp Hong a
phymcant o ranant o niant obzithi baithoi
Nuoes Nuedi bzithi bzitanhai. Sychediedi euro!
Hil coet cogni antarcd dymbi.paOb y adonai ar 2z
weryt pOnipai. Darofum darogan gOactl hir
rac gozman. Hir kyhoed kyghan . katwaladyr
achynan. byt budyd bychan . difa gOzes huan . 25
Dyfgogan dcruyd auu auutlyd. Oybyr "geironyd
K 2 L' S^""*^'

75 THE BOOK OF TALTESSIN

kerd aOn ygenhyd. (jylhaOt eil echOyd yn tozroed i
mynyd.ban beu lla6n hyd. bzython argyghyr.
yv2ython dymbi gOaet gOned ofri.Guedy eur 3
ac eurynni.difleith moni allccnni.aceryri anhcd
yndi. Dyfcogan perffcith anhed yndiffeith. kymry
pedeir ieith. Symudant euhareith. Yt yvi yuuch 6
yuuch vzeith y??!? awnaho g6ynyeith. Meindyd
bzefaOt. meinoeth berwhaOt. ar tir berOhodaOz.
ynllogoed yffadaOz. kathyl g6ae canhatoz kylch 9
pzydein amgoz. Dedeuant vngyghoa yOzthot y
gOarthmo2. Boet gOir venhjyt dzagOynaOl byt.
DolOys doIhOyckyt dolaethOy eithyt. kynran 11a-
On yt gyfarch kynut heb eppa heb henuonha. 13
heb ofur byt. Byt auyd diffeith direit.kogeu tyg-
hetto2. HoyOwed trOygroywed. gOyr bychein bzon
otOyllyd.tozuenhaOl tuth iolyd. HOedyd arvedyd
Ny wan cyllellaOz cledyfaOz meiwyr. Nyt oed udu
ypuchyffOn anaO angerdaOl trefdyn. acywyr is
kared creudyn. kymry eigyl g6ydyl pzydyn. ky-
mry kyfret ac afcen. DygedaOz gOydueirch ar
llyn. gogled owenOynuyd o heirmyn o echlur 21
caflur caflyn. oechen adaf henyn. DygedaOz
trydO ygychwyn bzanes ogofcozd gOyrein me-
ryd milet feithinarvozagozarcriftin. Vch ovoz 24
vch o vynyd. Vch ovoz ynyal ebzyn. coet maes ty-
no abzyn. Pop araOt heb ergly0a6 nebaOt ovynaOc

f t^.^o^ciJ oO^'<n\>)miwd ot)«nanAm dodTtur 4«

i

f

k

^>n] A yMv ^itt>>i\:m WtlKm oi^v^ w\k '
tmxy^v. n\\ men aa Un'Hxm.tvTf nvln>» tn

\

YMARWAR LLUD 76

opop mehyn. Yt vi bzithzet alliaOf jryniret. a^^o- i
fut amwchyn. Dialeu trOy hoyO j^redeu baef-
fOyl ogodi creaOdyr kyfoethaOc duO vzdin. Pell 3
amfer kyn no dydbaaOt ydaO diwarnaOt. adOy-
rein darlleaOz teruyn tiryon tir iwerdon. Ypzy- s
dein yna ydaO datOyrein. bzython o vonhcd rufe-
iii. ambi barnodyd o aghygres dieu. Dyfgogan
fywedydyon ygOlat ycolledigyon. Dyfgogan 8
deruydon tra moz tra bzython. haf ny byd hi-
non. BythaOt bzeu baeyryon. ae deubyd ogOan-
fret tra merin tat ket. Mil ymbzaOt pzydein 11
V2dein. acyam gyfflm kyffin. NachOyaf ygo-
glyt gOern gOerin gOaelotwed uffern . ergrynaf
kylleflric kaen gan wledic gOlat anoaffen. 14

yN wir dymbi romani /
kar. Odit ovabdyn arallypar. RacdaO ryglyO-
haOz maO gyfargar abydin agOaetlin aryefcar. 17
athriganed kyrn agOerin trygar. rythrychjnt ry-
gyrchynt yg cledyfar. hzein ac eryron gollychant
Oyar. arllOybyr gOait arch gOzys diarchar. ardyr-
ched katwaladyrlluch allachar.arOyneb bydin- 21
aOz bzooed ynyal. \/ n wir dymbi dydzanoncu.
gofunet dyfgogan yg kynechaeu . BlOydyncd
budic roffed rihyd reitheu. Gayaf gyt llyry llym 24
llywit llogeu. keithiaOn eilyaffaf my nut ryffrcu.
Vzit myr ryuerthOy ar warr tonncu. Elyrch 26

^^ the book of taliessin

dymdyjj^yrch tamo<jla62 balcheu.arthalleOderlly?
olcu bylleu. Ef dibyn yteruyn orudvereu. ROy 2
kciffut kyftud rybud rageu. Rac yvaranres ae
vaOz vcdeu. Crcdeu cOydynt tyrch tozrynt t02uo-
ed talcu. ykynnif katwaladyr clot lathyrlcu. s
DydyrchafOy dzeic oparth deheu. Gan waf rydad-
las yndyd dyf ieu. "W^nwirdymbi hael hyOzed.
tyruaOt molut maOz edzyffed. llOybyr tcO Iluoffa- 8
Oc llydan ywed. hyt pan uOynt feith ieithyri fr(iy.
ned.hyt pan traghOy traghaOt trydar. Ri eidun
duhun duded.treif areigylahynt oalltuted.trOy n
V02 llithrant eu heiffilled. "^n wir dymbi teithiaOc
mon. ffaO daeic diffreidyat ypopyl bzython. pen-
lluyd perchyd llurygogyon. DOfyn darogan dewin
dzywon. PcbyllyaOnt artren atharanhon. Gp2- is
llechant goadyfynt ygeiffaO nign. pell debet by-
hyt oiwerdon. Tec ffaO dillygyaO keffarogyon. 17
^E)yfgogan delwat oSgarat dyhed. GogOn j)an
perit kat arwinued. arth odeheubarth yn kyfarth
gOyned yn amOyn rihyd ryfed roffed. ycheiric al-
tirat ydarmerthed. Gayaf kelenic ynlleutired. 21
kyfleOynt aeffa02 yggaOa yg cled. ygymiif kat-
waladyr ar 102 gOyne_d. "V^nwir dydeuha02 dy-
derbi hyn. lloegyr oil ymellun eu meuoed gen-
hyn. GOelet artebet ygOyr b2ychwyn. rOng fa- 25
eth vereuahayarn gOyn. GalOha02arvo2. gOaywa02

[aegryn.

: ■ ' ^/

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rvnwwrttwiurr 1 - \i <:• 'A^ykvbvro^ lUi^^
Of iH>Mn \<#«J.l >v*«'i.*^ tiinnn- i^nli ictrt>vn^

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tte^vnw^^^X^fvmrinXilt^^ won 4W lvl«rt'lT

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nmrun yn«^t:^l V^xun ^mvC^^nr^iwrri*

tfnthuwti ^tfm'^itv& »)nif .inm^mmtifew

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'~isgi(

YMARWAR LLUD 78

NuchaOnt yn eigaOn tra Uydan lyn. Hallt ac yn-
yffecl vyd eu budyn. "V'^nwirdymbi dydza haf-
ren. Vzthenedic pzydein bzenhin gozden. llary 3
lywyd lluyd lliaOf yechen. Teyrnas kyfadaf
cas oiaen. GOerin byt ynwir bydaOnt lawen.
MedhaOnt ar pciron bcrthwyr echen.fflemy- 6
chaOt hirell ty uch hafren. bydhaOt kymry
kynnull yn difcowen.ykynnif katwaladyr
bythit llawen. Pcneri cerdo2yon clot agOeith- 9
en. A'^n wir dedeuhaOa aelu aelongaOz acta-
ryf yfcOyta(>2 ae newityaO gOaywaOz. agOedy
gOychyr a02 yuod ef gOnelaOz.kylch pzydein 12
bo flemychit ygno.dzcic nyt ymgelho yrme-
int ydo. Nyt yfcaOn iolet gozefcyn dyuet. Dy-
dyccaOt ynwet tra merin rcget. Perif perch- 15
en kct.golcdychaOt yn eluet. Hael hydyr y
dylif. go2ua02 ygynnif. Ozth awyryohif kat-
waladyr gOeithheinif. "V'^martoar IIuO bpcba. ii>
/^NenO duO trindaOt kardaOt kyfrOys.lk>-
VAyth lliaOs anuaOf eu henwerys.dygozef-
cynnan p2ydein p2if van ynyf.gOyr gOhit yr :i
afcia agOlat gafis. pobyl pOyllat enwir eu tir
nywys . Famen gowyreis herwyd marif . Am-
laes eu peiffeu e pOy eu heuelif. aphOyUat dy- 24
vyner ober efnif. europin arafin arafanif.
CriftyaOn difryt diryd dilif. kyn ymarwar llud 26

79 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN

allefelif. DyfgocjettaOa perchen ywen ynys rac pe-
naeth o rufein kcin yechays. Nyt rys nyt kyf-
K>ys ri rOyf yarcith. arywelei aryweleif oaj^rhy- 3
fyeith. Dullatoz petrygOern llugyrn ymdeith.
Rac ryuonic kynran baran godeith. Rytalaf
mab grat rOyf yareith. kymry yndanhyal. 6
ryfcl argeith. Pzyderaf pOyllaf pOy yhym-
deith. lizythonic yniwif dydyrchefis. Wanu
.Volychaf vyii tat . vyn duO [pbpt mabj. 9
vyn neirthat . adodes trOy vy iat eneit
ym pOyllat . am goauc yngOylat. vy feith llaf-
anat. otan adayar adOfyr ac awyr . anyOl ablo- 12
deu agOynt godeheu. Eil fynhOyr pOyllat ym
pOyllOys vyn tat. vn yO arynnyaf . adeu atyn-
af. athzi awaedaf. aphetwar avlaffaaf. aphymp 15
awelaf. adiwech aglywaf . aseith aarogleuaf.
ac aagdiwedaf. Seith awyr yffyd oduch fywedyd.
athcir ran ymyrmo2 ynt amrygyr. M02 ua02 18
aryfed ybyt nat vn wed. Rygoauc duO vzy ary
planete. rygoauc fola. rygoauc luna. rygo2uc
marca ymarcarucia. Rygo2uc venuf. rygozuc 21
Veneruf. ryg02uc feueruf . aseithuet faturnf
Ryg02uc duO da. pymp g02egys terra pyhyt
yt para. Vn yffyd oer. adeu yffyd oer. ar trydyd 24
yffyd wres adyofac an lies. Petweryd paradOys
gOerin agynnOyf. Pymhet artymheraOd 26

DAROGAN KATWALADYR 80

a pyrth yvedyffaOt. yntri yt rannat. yn amijcn i
pOyllat.vn yO yrafia.deu yO yr affrica. Tzi yO
europa bedyd gygwara. hyt v2odic yt para. 3
pan varnher pop tra. Ryg02uc vy awcn yvoli
vyren. MydOy talieffin arcith lifdewin para-
haOt hyt fin ygkynnelO elphin . Uami 6

""^ Ein geneis kanaf. byt vn / pbEt b^tba.
'^^dyd niOyhaf . lliaOf abOyllaf ac abayde-
raf. kyfarchaf yvcird byt payt nam dyweit 9
pygynheil ybyt. na syrth yneiffywyt. Neur
byt bei syrthei.py aryt gOydei. Poy aegogy-
nhalei. Byt mo2 yO aduant. pan syrth yn 12
diuant etwa yngeugant. Byt moz yO ryfcd.
na syrth yn vn wed. Byt moz yOodit.moz
yaOz ytlethrit. Johannes. Matheuf. Lucas. a 15
Marcuf.Oy agynheil ybyt trOy rat yr yfpzyt.

QarchaOc mOth mif- Darooan liaihial'.
terin ardeu Oyneb bzOytrin bcrwyn. Ro- 18
daOc bzaO llaO ytreghi. ac yn eryri ymoloi. Pan
del katwaladyrgogOna. ydpleu pzydein pen ma.
***»6c pes mocs nyma. aminhcu bydif ym 2"i
arua.ys deubi feis yna yerchi boytta.dogyn
gOyr o ryfyr roffeda. JcuhaOt gOzcic gan y gOaf.
hen gaf ny ma. Uogyn gOyr oryfyr. awt-Icilli 24
vygkaram bzaOt. GOeleif i gelein vein abzcinar
gnaOt ac arall ar darwein gOall grcin cledyfaOt. 26

ac am 1.1 n

THE WAV THE GATHERINGS OR
QUIRES ARE MADE UP.

'he Book of Taliessin is defective at the begin-
Lit^ "'"S' ^^^'^'^ ''^^ third quire, and at the end of the
Manuscript. A glance at these rough diagrams will

show how the quires are made up at present. It is
seen that the first leaf, of quires one and four respec-
tively, is missing. Whole quires may also be missing at
either, or both, of these places. There is no evidence
one way, or the other. But the catch-words, at the
bottom of page 80, prove that a quire, or more, is lost
at the end of the manuscript.

Other manuscripts written apparently by the same
scribe are the "Gwentian Code" at the British Museum,
and Geoffrey's Brut at Mostyn Hall. It is curious that
these should be, also, similarly defective. It may be a
coincidence, and it may be due to a habit, on the part of
the scribe, of writing particulars which proved inconven-
ient to borrowers, or later holders, of the MSS. As
regards the Book of Taliessin, the work of the destroyer
must have taken place four or more centuries ago, be-
cause the earliest transcripts of it have preserved for us
no lost pieces. The rubbed and dirty state, of pages 3
and 80, proves that they were "outside pages" for a long
time before the manuscript was bound.

J.G.E.
Oxford, May 3, 1904.

PALEOGRAPHICAL & OTHER NOTES.

The following contractions are used in the Notes.

A. = Aneirin

An. Cam. =Anna!es

Cambric
antcpn. =anticipalion
app. =apparerit, -ly

B. = Bruts

B.B.C. = BlackBk. ofC.
B.Ll.D. = Bk.ofLl.Dav.
cler. = clerical
cp. = compare
cpd. =compouiid

cy.= century

er.= error

F. .-X. B. = Kour .Ancient

Books of Wales
LI. = Prof. Lloyds His-
tory of Wales
M. = My\yrian Arch :
n. = note. nn. = notes
O.G.=Owein Gwyne<ld
P. = Poetry from R. B. H.
Q. = Dr. E. C. Quiggin

rad. =radical form
ruptn. = repetition
k. B. II. = Red Book

of llergesl
scr. =scrit)e, scribal
T. = Bk. of Taliesin
W.B. = White Book

.Vlabinogion
\vr. =writ-ing, -ten
= , etiiial. yields
; =for. s.v.=sub voce

The text of paye i, wh. is late, imitative, and of questionable
relevance, has been taken from Ked Book of Hergest.
f5 uebin, pi. of ni.ib= ? sons of Owein GwyneS.
1-6 Gall- liyM is a late importation into Welsh. It is unknown to

Aneirin, B.IJ.C, Taliesin, and other xii. cy. writers. SiV Pick,

ii. 108, Macbain, and F.A.U., ii. 452. > raul: ar Eingl a Gwy6el.
iio Caer . . . a-dan donn. cp. W.B. 95-4, 96'6, 98'i6.
n9 I'ater Noster etc. Based on W.B. 95-3I to 98, q.v.
I -22 X-erin : ,^en'in adan . . . dyd. See W.B. 99. The k of X-erin is

a reptn. of the k in /-.ler.
1.23 eirch pector. ? a trans. o{ arcte ; and f f^pu(>i)c/or.' ii. 66-51

follows W.B. text. Ktitiuyd is for Uavid, he is the .Scottish King.
\-2i g'.i'ynyeil/i, (.i/r.T/;//-, 1220, A. 2-15). "Borrowed from *7-en-

(ieela, Lat. vindicta, deliverance." I.W. Mr. T. Lewis, in his Intro.

to Gloss. Med. W. Law, p. xiii, connects iTcj/yr///; with U.Juin,

war. see i6-ii, 31-4, 457, 757, gOnyeith 581.
1-29 claudus, laiiu; crippled. Q. Trans, in vol. ii. 68-66 as 'clauj-us.'
1.32-34. To make sense of these lines is formidable w-ork. See ii.

68-74-82. ffur. fi?. cp. 34-17, 4 '-2^; B. B.C. 65-9.

B.T. •' 8-

83 nOOR' OF TAUESIN

y\ ? read: ban /////wyd gwan elestron. P. 2036 reads cuuyd iox
o\xr ie6yd. ? metath. for c/Oyd = e/vy5. jff T. 33-24. Ei/nj'8 oc-
curs in a document dated 23 Hen. vii. (Arch. Camb., 1906, p. 6).

3-2 j,'ovan-non, -hon. ? a personal name; if pi. ofgovan, = fn//7.f/«f«.
Such were ianf, smilli, & priest. These received special training.

34 Dygovi. cp. dymgovu, 74-6; dymgovyd, 9-16.

34 diwer- = di/er-ogyon 33-27, =duon, M. 142(1. Read: di_^rogion.

3-7 posbe/rd-tv«. The / is half erased : omit -ein.

3-10 digo/zi. App. ;/, but possibly w, in MS.

3-12 Rymawyr, 3 s. pres. Ind. > Lat. memor-or, to be mindful of.

3-13 Rex glor/e=Hrenhin gogoniant. [ftY 4-2, 35-22.

3-14 Dominus fortis = Arghvy5 cadarn.

3-14 dOfyn. ? read: D'rogandwvn. dC'fyn is app. for d///yn = dyOyn,
blessed, in some places. Diii= Domini has no app. place here.

3-15 ? read: Hie nemo in/er/ progeniem, Here >io one iiilroduces his
oj-spring. Will some medieval Latinist point out the source of
this line, and the title?

3-16 Ev Sillyngwys i thorv, i.e. Uffern's. Cp. 4-22.

3-17 ? read: A chyn ho un se/ arnav, bwyv yn adav Duw di-eu,-
Before there is any brand upon we, may I be in the hand of the
tnie God. sel > O.K. seel ; Lat. sigillum.

3-21 ? a change of metre here. The lines arc of irregular lengths.

3'22 kystud dj'o-yn. J ixad: 50yn cystuS.

325 roth\v_)'r = roth\\j_)'r dy volavvd.

4-2 pac* = ? in pacf. It cannot be pa.r.

4-23 affCiyf. The f was or. \vr. f.

5'7 pe« .... en«gynyeit 5-13. Hybrid forms.

7-13 Ed = E6, which = £■?' or )^. peiHi 1 = peinic/. Latin con-
tractions are used in final syllables of Welsh words, as •\=et
here. cp. yguair& = yng-waire/, B.IL.D. 134-12 & 229-8; Kyuriss;
= Kyvryssf/=-e5, B.B.C. 16-4; fij = ffin;>/, T. 1-32.

7-ig Nyt and Neut are often confounded by the scribe.

7-20 Bar5 siuyn. cp. iVwrf vyng-hleu garant, 48-2.

8-1 Oyf . . . Oyf . . . Oyf . . . ('j-f . . . Oyf. Scr. misreading of "wf«"
as "«eu (whence dyi'). For the \V.B. particle neii K. B. uses r.'.

8-3 ni bryn \ ged. cp. Prynesynt eu moli. M. 146a.

8-6 a cha»« clwm. cp. a bunch of verses. See B. 186-27.

8-7 porthoed neirthyat. </. Beir5borthiadbraint neirthiad. M. 152(1.

8-7 tr<7^/ : XxwyA, a track, cp. Myny5 Troed, (near Llangors, Bre-
con), ■& Twrch trwyd, ? the boar of the track, i.e. the hunted boar.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 84

89 bycl//i'icl. metath. for bydcwicl, i.e. bydtT'yS, pi. of bydav. ip.
bydeCiin 47-1 ; byd[ev]i, 64-22.

8-iB ar^yC'rein. Argy7'rein = 0(5.fcj'///>.f. We want a verb. .?<><• ii. 10-57.

8-19 kyn -^argywein . . . ry-prynZ/ow ni. The change from i.s. to
I. pi. may beascr. misrcadingofry-prynhM'««/ = ryphrynhTf_>Tf/.

8-22 ? read: pan ryh Duw ymwared.

8-24 ? read: A5vwyn Nu5, /rt/j/zc/ u5 ar breih Na.v = ? /Ae Stars.

8-27 ? read: A. h. yn ewybr — yn nwyvre, or yn Hwybrrtwyn nwyvre.

9-6 A^/uOyn. Or. wr. /, then altd. to d by scr. |f.n.66.

9-7 cer5a\vr hael, hynaws, a princely, genial minstrel, cp. n. 19-2 ;

9-19-25 fwynawf . . . ^\\ynawc= ? ru'y'naw . . . ewyn.

9-26 Atha/ bual. see ii. 7 1 -52. cp. atha/ eur vual, P. 170-/.'.

9-27 medueith. fread: mth-vaet/i.

12-6 7iyn. Or. wr. 6. 12-17 *keli. ? erasure before ifr.

13-1 Prydein %>awr. This Armes was, seemingly, composed in the
xiiith century. Text and metre are full of pitfalls, and territorial
terms begin to show misuse, vawr is at the end of 1. 2 in MS.

13-2-5. jcf 70-16-18. cp. 13-2-14 ufil/i Hruts 271-21-273.

13-7 IVeir. ? metath. of IVeri, i.e. Gweryio), a name of part of
lower Uee. see n. 186. 13-8 -hal>//t. an altd. /.

13-10 Ci3/7/y7i/ = Cornovii = men of Cheshire, Shropshire, tVi". Kyn-
«wys, i.e. Kyn/-wys prior, or otiier inhabitants. Achlud-H^.f is
preterite. Read: achlud-///, older -int (fut.).

13-11 (/. GorffitVrythyonyratporyonarantyrrongyweithy5. P. 17-33

13-14 rac \\e.'b = be/ore their face, does not go \\\\\\ ynvhen'eh. ? cy-
ve5. The gorvolei of 1.8 suggests 'rcnc w/c5'= a 'swag' -/east,
see ii. 160-16.

13-15 f^ber pery^on. Read : Aber Y5on wh. is, app., in the direction
of Keri. [cp. Ni chlywa i neb ac oslcf ber Ond pobol Aberybon.
From Penillion Telyn. J.M.J.]

13-17 lleith, ?a levy. Cp. co\-lecta, from Legere, to gather.

13-18 memon, steu'anls, pi. of maer ^haX. maior.

13-21 pryd na tharSet. ? na tharSet wei, may not appearance arise.

1 3-23 Allniyn i.e. Alemanni= Northerners in the 1 2th cy., but in the
13th cy., as here, =/oreigners. See Note 18-17.

13-24 fread: Nis arhaeSwy neb ni 5i-oes 5aer.

14-6 Kechm>n Uanet : Normanieit. As the Normans were pat-
rons of Margam, no scril>e in that Abbey could, i;i such a connec-
tion, allow Normanieit to remain in the tc.\t. kech-myn is, app,. a

B.T.

85 nOOK OF TALIESIN

derisive cpd. of c<it7/-, as in 'cach-gwn,' cowards, worthless fellows.
It also occurs at i8-i3 ; & lychmyn at xyzi ; but nowhere else.
Metre is wrong in all three places.

1410 /(J 15-2 All account of the war of 1165. [13.324-11.

14T3 eiffon Or. wr. «; altd. by erasure inter. C\>. yn gyv-un,

14-16 ymorchmynyn/. / underdotted in red — ? accidental.

14-17 Irev-byn. a cpd. of trev + din, a tribal stronghold, the home,
cp. " A man's house is his castle."

1 4- 1 9 allt, the height =V>tx\\yn.

14-20 a very corrupt line, am ^4'-wy= ?amwy«. Geir[/^']yr-gi'ir =
? CcYciawc ergyr. Peur^t pci'r, pcir, pcnn, or by nietath. peru
for bcnv — the/ being due to asso. with /'enn llyn.

14-25 y^waetlin. Or. wr. n.

1426 Bu'lch y Dimis. An old road from Corwcn goes through
Bcttws G.G. past \'elin y wig to Ruthin — another branch to I'cn-
tre Bryn Saith Marchog, in GwySelwern. Dinas lies K.N.K. of
\'elin y wig The Welsh contingent, prob., passed this way to
lLwyvcny5, 63-9. See next note.

I 5- 1 J/b-xas ffohyn. Read: /o/Tis, rud. Boras. The King, or some of
his party, fled along the Ceiriog to Chirk, thence to Rhiw-Abon,
Wre.Kham, Boras, and I'ulford into Aeron, 63-4-7. see p.xi.r.

15-3 — The war in /Cert, Mont., 1228. See B., 365 ; Lloyd, 667.

15-5 eu. CanceWed hy Tuhnca.tOT zndhy puncta delentia.

15-9 Kymry kynyrchcit. see Bruts for 1231 —33, p. 366.

15-9 ene'n. Begun as /. 1. 13 .? a Heith anoleith a 5ygyrchant.

15-17 Cynan : cyn>-an, chiej. 1. 19 kat waladyr, military leader.

15-22 ? read: Yng-hystu5 creu r^-d ar ru5 AHmyn.

16-2 nisgOna/ro. Retraced into gCmado. ? read: Nisgwna^ove5ud,
i.e. drinking in moderation will not, etc.

16-3 ? read: heb dal yd ro5ent, without commission they distribute.

16-6 IFrwt ar Lego. cp. IFrwt, a stream, with Suir, '<r ri^vr' (O'Reilly).
Port-law (Waterford) on the Suir was called 'Port ar Lairgus'
(Strachan). cp. Forth iMchi (B. 326) ; P. Lagi, vel Larky {An.
Cam. 53); Porth /alar/hi : P. ra larchi = by metath., V.ar Larchi
(B. 264-11); porth larg, p. larc (Life of Gr. ap K'ynan, pp. 106,
124, & 161 n. 20; in Irish Port Lairge. Largi«es (B. 264, 327)
is for Lairges. cp. peues with ha.t.pagus.

16-11 gwynjeith. Retraced; or. wr. /. see n. 1-28.

16-12 dyfal = dy«ar, metath. for dOyar ?=£wya.T.

16-19 Dy</)'rvir Kymry, etc. c/. tervyscus gynnwr>'\-, B. 312-1.

B.T.

AnsCELLANEOUS NOTES 86

16-24, 187 Gynhon, pi. of Gynt, 3i'i 1, 72-20, \.^. gcnti's = Northmen.

16-25 ga/. Retraced into (/. U^y n. 17-18; B.U.C. 125-13.

17-3 y sathrant. I read: y// salhrant.

17-5 nv'theu. The r is faint &«' illegible. The reference here is to

17-5 y tormssant. Retraced into/. [Bp. Ijernard.

17-7 02 . . . daut (-14). 2 retraced into r in both instances. Imt-n.

17-7 or //en : or «en. man, place, followed \>y y or i is affected to

17-9 anrtTt'r. ?a metath. foran-wrtr. Bute/. 21-12; Tciilu Madauc
\waA aiiluiur, U.IJ.C. 103-4 ; Anawr ■g^x\\\ax\'M\, A. 5-7.

17-10 /read: gwyr gwychr v^'IIt hirion ergyrch donny5. 15ont =
liar/, javelin. The reference here is to the men of Magnus.

17-16 final/ is irregularly formed. ['■'P- <i^'-S-

17-18 Dugy\veithy5. ep. Hit ilii,H.2Ciy 10 = nigri gentiles, A.C^&y.
Dub gint, A.C.866, 15.259-32. The gen/iles of Annales Cam-
brie appear in Hruts usually as een/ietlloeS, the nigri g. as cen-
/ledloeb dtion (see H. index). "In Irish the Norwegians are
called Finn geinii (white gentiles), the Danes Dubh geinti
(black gentiles), geinti being a loan from Latin." Q. see 16-24.

17-20 achan/idynj'd. The // is faint, and rest illegible.

17-22 Kywfithyd — altd. -26 war/hegyd more like r than /.

18-3 KynSel's poem to O.K. opens with the same words. M. i6i(j.

18-5 O rrrta'/= Domesday's ll'aure, now ll'oore in the psh. of
Mucklestone, 12 miles due E. of Whitchurch. This ll'awl has
nothing to do with any Roman, or other H'all, or vallus.

18-6 Tceryt =G\.\cryb, i.e. Dee. According to Descriptio Al-
banie the river Forth divided 'regna Anglorum et Scottorum'
at Stirling in 1165, and was '.Scottice vocata Kro/h, liritannice
H'erid.' Similarly part of the lower Vee divided Saxon and
Brython. Only in this poem, and in the Chirk Codex (Intro,
p. .r?'//.) do I remember Gwery5, except as a doublet of guyr-
/t', as at 4-13. ja- F.A.B., i.56; Tal., ii. 170-175: nn. 13-7, 18-5.

18-1 i-l 2 Ilynghes . . . Kynran ( = 0.G.) . . . y gily5 (= Kadwaladr).

18-14 Kymronawen = O.G. -SVf Brut s 323-3. [1^- 3" i'2S-30-

18-17 Sant-wic, > holy bay. cp. Rhoscolyn's Holy Bay, nr. Holy-
head. "? San//-wic, sandy creek." Q.

18-17 anmyn(B. 324-2-3). .. attor(B. 324-34). .. Sacson (B. 324-31).

1819 gwcnerawl. from Lat. venera{byi-is, ancient.

19-1 new t/ieint a ganho, I /i,t~'e sung what he will sing does not
suit context. / read: ne/r/hcint. See note 8-7.

192 \\a.t\on=generosi, princes. See B.309-11 ; M. Mjc; & n.9-7.

B.T.

8; HOOK or T.UJRS/X

19'3 Trwy />/M Tal. Would Tal. write thus impersonally ? See -is
infra — niitwyv Tal. cp. Trwy iti't/t 'Palliaearn 20-4. \i icitli be
the right word, what is its exact meaning in the two instances?
Cp. geir loi, and in the Laws.

\<).\hiihyhei)ifl/!>i. 3 pi. fut. Ind. of .i*,)'///*)////, tograsp (I'ughe). sec
cmcWiin 2412; ymcll///; 7724: the -iin may = -/>//. cp. ami iwch
veir5 i ''«8. M.i62(j. Context suggests b(e)/>-5 for b//5.

194 kia// : kiaw = cia«'(r), 3 sing. pres. Ind. of ciori, to fall. ip.
Aychiiiwr, A. 2-8, 4-17, 28-4.

19-4 cyvol// cannot be a cpd. of mol/. ? golychu.

19-5-10 Text is corrupt. Lines 6-7 refer to the/c/r dadi-ni (W. B.
56-11-28) and the IVtSon. The pi. peir-on, for a dim. peir-«n,
has thrown the whole into confusion, mixing sing, and pi. hope-
lessly, cp. Hanes Taliesin. ? read: GwiSon y pcin/n verwei
heb 7ii(i/han : Gwiawn leveryS o-i dyvn y dyv-y5, etc.

19-9 o dyfyn-Tucdyd seems out of harmony with context. ? if wcdyh
is for We«5y5. <r/. P. i-i, and n.35-22. j« Tal. 31-22; 52-12.

19-10 k)/yndawt : k//yn-, i.e. cwyndawl, a feast, as if from a
" cen{i)ta/-io." cp. Ccni/are, to dine much, to feast.

19-12 trae-thawt. true- is reptn., and tluiiut may = r/uiivc.

19-19 ca/it, a circular band, a hoop.

19-19 ELadon, i.e. Latona, daughter of Oceanus. IL. Reynolds.

.19-21 gwynwas : gwyng/as = Delos, held to be sacred.

19-26 an gOaC't . . . wrthy/=? Ev wrthyi/an gwawd.

20-7-8 yn Minifyn (thrice repeated) is a hopeless bungle, unless
lines are missing. ? read: affwyn.

20-13 Py'iy' • ?byhyt. cp. 12-10; 77-16; voiAbe/iet, B.IL.D. 122-6.

20-17 echrewvvyt. There is a faint punctum delens under the u.

20-18 tywhit . . iynml. ?both for ty//'hit = tyvhit, 3 s. f. Ind. of tyvu.

20-22 //yfreu. Retraced ; or. writing illegible.

20-25 '""d. The second part of the r is very faint.

20-26 atsnn. An altd. letter. 21-4 bar«aOt. Begun as w.

21-6 Colwyn. Lat. Calen-us. "Calenum was a town in Southern
Campania, celebrated for its good wine." Lewis & Short, s.v. Cales.

21-9 ne« = ner'wraig, i.e. Mary, the mother of Jesus. Egroes, /«]^j,
are also called aeron mieri Meir.

21-10 dy-g>'//nu : dy-g£-//nu = dy-gec'nu. cp. Or pan Swyre heul hyt
pan g>'//nu [ = gt-;'nu], 60-9 These instances are mutually destruc-
tive to the sense of cynnu = cwrini.

21-12 an<jhaCi2 : anhaO/ = a///^rtM'S / hwyn — a gloss on a/rah-uyn.

B.T.

MTSCEIJ.ANEOUS NOTES 88

2l'i8 mew[c]nir : nu-wnir : m<?\vnir, a cpd. of mawn + ir.

21-19 ca'u'g \>\'iy Sylivas. cp. Awake I for Morning in the flowl of
Night Has flung the stone that puts tlie stars to flight. Onuir A'.

21-22 auon. ip. Gwiawn avon, 32-23. ? read: Avon cyd berid
gog«n ban dorliid, l/ii: stream 'while it tiickles, I know whence it
springs, cp. Hanes Taliesin.

22-1 pet . . . pet . . . pet. ? cler. er. for \iob.

22-7 am vn am : a-m v(y)n am =by metath. a-m ainuyn.

22-8 enw y deu eir=Bran Vendigeid, Ni eing yn un peir. W'.I!.

22-15 escyrn ; escywn ; and ny61 for //y«/=hynt. l40'3''i 53''''-

22- 1 6 gwynt, here, means afflatus, i.e. inspiration.

22-22 e;'5in : e^in, a metath. of ehrin, cackHng. cp. Gwylein . . .

22.23 toste = ?tros trc(0. [pleideu £-8n«. Gwalch'.

22-24 er-kennis, 3 s. pret. of ergynnu. I was a grain wh. rose up,
i.e. sprouted, and grew out of tlie ground.

23-6 gref grafruS, a detected, undeleted blunder, for %xaf ru/d.
Fresh from wr. iar gra/ruh,2y\, the scr. blunders a second time.

23-8 Cad Godeu. This battle, app., took place in 1121. see
Introduction, p. xx.ri. supra. It was, possibly, after this battle
that Taliesin was carried into Powys. see n. 23-21.

23-10 clehyv. This is the right word in 1. 16, and therefore, as a
transformation index it should not occur twice in the same poem.
Context suggests: Bum celvyh cyvrith — credad pan vu rith, /
was a past master at semblance, which decei''cd when it was (mere)
seeming. The /, in cu/urith, may be a reptn. of ce/-, or it may
be 1 : f, and an early instance of -///- for v, f being used in
certain MSS. for /=v and Jf indiscriminately, see Table of
Common Scribal Errors.

23-20 Read: Yng-had Godeu-vrig. See n. 58, p. .r.fj-. supra.

23-21 canholig. cp. Glyw am ry5 ragor-ueirch gleisson, gleisscit
liw, ^\as ganoligion (=?gl«'ysei5 \y\\, clas g^'norigion). P.35-15.
f read: (Jweint veirch c/nong — Ileng oe5 veucSig.

/ liurled a spear at the chiefs horses, a troi>p in occupation.
It was for being ^ franc tireiir, possibly, that the I'owysians cap-
tured Tal., and made a herdsman of him. see p..r.r.i7. supra.

23-23 For an account of seed placed under the tongue, see The
Tree of the Cross, p. 239 of Pen. M.S. 32, etc.

24-1 Kaer //efenhiryi»r ? k. //evenhi/= VevenhyR, i.e. the fort of
PYstrad Meurig, or Il-an Rhystud, taken by the sons of Gr.
ap Rhys from the lord of the Gwydion country in GwyneS.
ji-c Kruts, 3 1 7 ; Lloyd, 504-505,

B.T.

89 POOK OF TAI.IF.^IN

24-4 neifon. cp. niveroe5 neiuyon P. 35.35.
245 Read: Digonsf/ y Rcen. y after -ci is non-syllabic.
24-6 gantaw is impossible with r/tlnvch ; 7-eiid: R//th/-\vcli.
24- 1 2 ? read: Bu5iant buch Anhun, nyn gwnaei ymdlwn, yng-waed
h\cl an //i.'-wrn, the gain pJ Aiilhoiif^ hermit life would not deliver
us^in blood up to our ankles. see\<^-^; and 77-24. V,wc\\ = bucheh.
24-13 Mwyhav teir arjf gryd,(25-2). The three most poignant
a chweA^/ yn byd. quakings, that will upset

Ac wy a 5eryw, our world, will happen

o ystyr dilyw, because of the deluge,

a Christ yn croccaw, and the hanging of Christ,

a dySbrawt rhag Ilaw. r/. 27-10 and the judgment to come.
Passages like the above look like interpolations, see ii. 40-242.
24-15 (7(w)er«, alders, provided ambuscade, but here must be a
scr. er. for Deru, i.e. de/^o, oak-(saplings), which were abundant,
and esteemed to be "at the head" of trees used for bows.
24-17 \ier\, wild brier, cer'tos 7'el ce'iros, /lips. Dictionaries trans-
late Jteri by medlar, wh., as pointed out in Pem.,iii., p. 602, was
not indigenous in Wales.
2420 RysjjyS a gT^ySuwyt. -7£j8 = antcpn. of .i^ny'S- ; and -U7ii_yt =
reptn. of emwj't. Read: Drysi a gwy5urt, brambles &= woodbine.
24-21 eithin. Kc^.A: eil/men. see 25-8, and r/. n. 23-10.
24-24 ^'///Avy5 . . . 25-i5y<'«wy5. ffew't- : ffe//;t- : feint-wyS, jva/
scrub, cp. y^t'en sant, punt a dal (Laws of Ho., ed. by T. Lewis,
p. 41-32). "Curiously enough, Yew trees mark, in many places, the
--"''' old route followed by pilgrims to Canterbury." Judge Parry.
24-26 ITwyv, a wite/i-e/m, is m. sing. The common elm was intro-
duced into this country after the Norman conquest.
25-6 rerfm. ? for re/in = re?/in, i.e. rea'in, haX.ruina. The vines
w-ere rifled in their ?7///?. [M. 153^-1 2. jfc ii. 32-1 15.

4 25-7 bragat. cp. 35-18; and Brys briwgad brig bragad hnwex.

25-9 ? read: Hy-z', gwyr e.x\\dYa.w, ^erw -n vuan rhagSaw, nes y
Ilavvr ergryn. Glew elyn .... The bold kno^os how to pursue;
he dashes swiftly foni'ard, till the ground shakes. . . .
/ 25-18 a-n deilas blaen bedw = ? birch-boughs decked us luith leaves,
cp. ii. 34-141 ; and see Golden Bough, vol. i., p. 201 : —
On Thursday before Wliitsuiiday the Russian villagers go out into the woods,
weave garlands, and cut down a young birch-tree. wh. they dress in woman's
clothes and, after a feast, carry it home, and set it up in a house where for
two days it is visited .... A little before Whitsunday in every village along
the streets young birch trees stand in rows, every house and room is adorned
,r\;^ with boughs, even the Railway engines are decked with green leaves.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 90

25-19 blaen derw. cp. DSr a dyv yn arS viies . . . yn y blaen. ILeu
ITaw-gyffes. W.B. 1087-10.

25- 1 9 dadrith. r/.W.B. 108-20-28. Mael Der\v= FGw^dion.

26-B Itychjcr. ?scrib. er. for DLych^rCJ) = Lache Lane, see Intro.
p. XXX. I had not traversed the district when I adopted llychT'or,
(ii. 36-180). O lychwr i lychwr, A. 14-5, suggested /ai^oon.r,
such as the bore formed in the old channels of the Dee.
see Ormerod's History of Cheshire, vol.i., p. 199.

26-10 ? read: yng-hylch, ym-herve5, i.e. ewrywhere, rhwng deu lin
x\\\^Z., helween the knees of px'mc^i, i.e. sheltered; or rhwng deu
dcyrneS, be/ween two rulers, i.e. ? Ranulf and O. G.

26-1 1 ? read: I deu waew an-chwant, o wyn ban 5oethant ;
yn annwn Hivereint ; wrth vrwydrin bySeint.
Their two lustful lances, the emissaries of passion, in strife
are ever dripping (with blood); a-fighting they are wont to be.
orf: yn annwn He/A-ereint, i.e. in strife are ever scintillating,
ne/" : new : //e« = C'yn, rad. gwyn. wa_)'& was or. wr waOO.
rtwchwant is intensive.

26-15 If there is no change of metre, ? read: Arial a genhiv, pawb
anaw genhyv : Canav i ng-hle5>'\', a vr<Jth(/Ti'5 waed-lij'. Of
valour wilt I sing : Ez'ery gift of the muse is mine; I will praise
tny sword, wh. has made blood jffir-u'. see 11.38-194.

26-16-18 am darwcb . . . ieithoeb should, app., come after //(•//<•/, 1. 20.

26- 1 7 o dof. ? read : o-i odiv Has bae5.

26-18 baed. e( gdrith, tf <\M7iirith. e{ gdrith ieithoed. We have
here an embarrassing ex. of the scribe's propensity for reptns.
Gwrith is a monosyllable ; g^cr-eith is a dissyllable in A. 2-15.
Prof J. Morris Jones's explanation (Grammar, 152) cannot be
accepted for either form. I have interpreted the passage in the
light of the hunt of the T.T. in W.Ii. As a boar could know
nothing of 'languages' I read: en go-lith\{ri)eithoed. i. r. t. are
often confounded, and elisions are frequent, see ii. 38-206.

26-21 gwiber yn llyn. cp. the story of the dragons beneath Dinas
Emrys. see Nennius's Historia Brittonum, §42.

26-23-24. see ii. 38-21 2. Surely an interpolation, for the passage re-
fers to "the taxing of every man, clerk and lay, one-fourth of his
rents and movables . . . and the taking of even the silver chalices
from churches" in order to ransom King Richard in 1193-94.
.t^tf Y.P., p. 1 16. /«0c might be read //»0c. ^/>. Fac. 27-17.

27-1-7 Seemingly, Taliesin took part in the events of 1157. when
O.G., after successfully encountering Henry M., retired in the

B.T. B

91 ROOR' OF TAIJESLV

direction of Dolai Elwy, or St. Asaph. Gwalclimei's Traeth
Edryuy = Trc\- draeth, i.e. Newport, Pern, (see L.M. Celtic Re-
mains). Edrywy still survives under an alias as Carreg y Dre'wi.
(A. W. Wade Evans). ^ And no-o,' my friends are gone, all save
Goronwy ; and I am grown old with bloodless, attenuated fingers.
The whole poem is reminiscent, with many interpolations.

27'3 ganet, vel angct. see Dictionaries, s.v. angu, ganu.

27-4 edr)'<5y. Or. wr. edrtfry. 27-10 jff n. 24-13 supra.

27-12 Tixmts fferyll. Vergil during the first twelve centuries occu-
pied the position of a prophet, wh. explains the ascription to him
of magical powers . . . From Augustine to Abclard, the flower of
medieval learning believed that the fourth Kclogue was a pro-
phecy of the birth of Christ. Countess Martinengo-Cesaresco.

27-16 ? read: awr na-m herlynid. Omit 7'«.

28-8 awygnaOt. an impf letter. 28-15 "<"'- «'" •*''''- 2-

28-16 pop amser .... 29-13 ymra. Cancelled also by rubricator,
by a stroke of his pen. see Facsimile.

28-20 dudt'//, metath. of duc-Z/d, i.e. duc-ho, -hOy (for dyc-co, -cwy)
3 s. pres. Subj. of dwyn.

28-21 The Daron'iiy poem opens, app., with a reference to the
kennelling of dogs in Il^an Dyvrydog Ch., and to the death of
Hugh, the Proud, earl of Shrewsbury, in 1098. see Giraldus Camb.,
p. 448, (Bohn's Lib.). Uaronwy figures in the Triads, (K.B. Mab.
308-9) as 'the second principal oppression of Mon.' This, earl
Hugh certainly was. Daronwy is also a place name : 'E.y.tenta
Daronwy cum Hamlet' Kuwgh Dernok . . . de molcndino de
Daronwy & Cornewe ... in com. Talebolion . . . de predictis
duobus molendinis .... in villis. Darronwy & Kuwgh Dernok.
See Record of Carnarvon, pp. 59, 58. This C«wch, now
CAvch Dymog is in IL. Deusant.

28-23 dros vor-(/<£y. Construction inadmissible, j^^ ii., 172-4.

28-24 Nog^/ Daronwy, than that 0/ Daronwy. Correct ii., 172-6.

28-25 •'' ''<'"<^-' Gw(an)a\vr gor Gornw-y, the company 0/ the Corno'ni
will be despatched: or, Ys rhin yssy5 vwy — gwa^w gwy/ Goronwy,
a greater secret will be the lance of G. passion, see W.I5., 104-8-34.

29-2 Gwyllionwy= ? the main tributary of the Dulas. Rising
near Coedaneu, it flows at the base of ' Carregy Lleidr 'Hill. A
large upright stone now monopolizes that name, but Carreg, in
place-names does not mean a iiiaen hir, but a rocky elevation.
The Hill itself was prob. known once as Carreg y Gwyllion, i.e.
ILadron. Cp. Gwyllion Ma«5wy, the bandits of Mawbwy.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 92

29'2 Kynan. Read: Kynmn, //le chief, i.e., Gr. ap Kynan.

29-4 Pedeir priv bennaeth= J. \V. the Conqueror; 2.\V. Rufus; 3.
Henry I. ; 4. Stephen ; 'pumhccl'= Henry II.

297 t7T<;vSa'= Empress .Matilda, mother of Henry II.

ipwnawg 7iain= Maud of Boulogne, consort of Stephen.

29. 1 2 Ilwdn gwyn = a lamb, or sheep. Ymatru : cp. mae c wedi
mhatrid, /le has removed his clothes. nw</n: d irregularly formed.

29-13 tr'7iy8-v(il)ed, with fW(/ is tautological. Read: Bwysl\\\^di.

29- 1 6 /am o /am. Or. wr. app. 'ram 02am'.

29' 1 8 Read: rhwng K. Ric/n a Cliacr Ry//wg, Din EiSin a Din
Ataw^, (M.21 5<j). The funeral pile of Run ap O.G. was on the Dee
(see Intro, xvii.), and visible from (1.) Maiden Castle on top of
Bickerton Hill, Bro.\ton; (2.) from Beeston Castle, situated on a
high precipice. " Should the masonry . . be removed, the earth-
works. . . \\o\x\A i^xc<,ey\\.\.hc appearance 0/ a promontory (Kyn-w^)
camp, according to the classification of the Committee on An-
cient Earthworks." Col. Morgan in ARCH. Camh., p. 174, 1910:
(3.) Din Ei5in, ? = Caer Gwrlc ; and (4.) Din Ald\\\^, i.e. Castle
of Hawarden. Eib-\\\^, being reptn. of Ei6-\n is suspect. Din
Ei5wg has no more to do with 'Tintock' than with 'Tin tacks.'
Eidyn was or. wr. Eid6n = ? a nietath. of EdOin. cp. Skene ii. 367,
401; Pem.iii. 203, 567. For earl Edwin's holdings see /><)///«(/</)'.

29-2 1 This poem commemorates the war of IJJ/ when Henry Fits
Henry sailed from Milford Ha'i'en to North Anglesey, and was
slain or lost, between Pen Coed and Moelvre. see B. 3 1 9 ; LI. 497.

29'2S Hir dychyvery5«« 0 bryd<?/« goftvV/ 0 berth Maw ac eidin.
In ein o . . ein . . ein o we have a good instance of the scribe's
propensity for repetition. ?read: Nis dychyveryS ymrwydrin
Brydein gor o berth niawr Cerdin, (O.G.) will not meet in battle
Dyved^s host from the great ha''en of k'erdin, because Owein had
gone to Ei5in to oppose the enemy on the borders. For this
reason /// welas H'allawg, 30.22. ' Porth maw(a)(r ^'Sin ' might
be read ' I'orth mawr or-5in,' the large haven of the great
stronghold; better still read 'Cc/-5in,' the secluded fort, whence
Forth Kerdin in Dyvet (\V.B.499-4). Pern. Castle, built on Ken-
arth bychan, is associated with Nest, Gwallawg's mother, see
n. 3810; and cp. Pem. i.306, 322.

30-3 pren Ti'res : «res = wes = the acorn tree.

30-3 pawb (y /rachwres) seems to be construed with both sing. &
pi., though strictly it is sing. frawl, &c.

307 trwy wres ma02 (t)anmeidrawl ? = trwy (>res m(arw)awl an-veid-

B.T.

93 HOOK OF TALIESIN

30'i4 tetTii, usually \vr. fra (see /Vjc. 40-10), is here misread for era.
Coed y Cra ucha, and Coed y era isa are two farms on cither
side of the road from Flint to Halkin, at its junction with the road
from Northop to Holywell.

3o'i4 gwragawn(t), 3 pi. fut. Ind. see li.IL.Dav, p.xliii, guragun,
I. pi. Imperative. (j>. n.26-i8.

30' 1 6 Gwyr a tiigawii gode/ : Gwyr a o5e/"

30' 17 haear(n)(///r should rhyme with hyv-t'/S. sec Intro, xxvi.

3o'22 ? read: Yn i erbyn yn escyn yn gaenawc.

Talicsiii laments the feud among the sons of O.G. after his death.

3024 Kennadeu. see Bruts, 330- 12. Anvonaivg, (cp. A. 88, 10-5,
31-18). JiY Lloyd 551-552. 31-1 yscaC)/. Or. wr. «.

31-2 Maer, i.e. D.apO.G., married to H.'s half sister Emma, 15.333-4.

31-3 refers to Rhodri's triumph over U. in 1 175. Ii.333; LI. 552.

311 2 kyna/;. Or. wr. /«. Read: kynran, i.e. Howel, slain by his
brother Khodri. J^^ 6.332-26; M.2i\b; LI. 549.

3115 ryvebawt, etc. In 1173 'Ganet mab i'r Argl. Rys oi nith,
verch VaredyS vab Gr., i vrawd.' Bruts 331-11.

31-16 dwrawt : d/r/awc, rad: tir-iawg, territorial lord ='Lox A R.

3117 Katty = Kat (i'y(vel ry)-bru5awt. cp. Catty bruwawc, P. 44-27.
? a reference to the massacre of Aber Gevenni, in 1 175.

32-1 Ryt = ry yt. Read: ry-debrwydav.

32-4 f read: dovn eigiawn, a5as. But see ii. 48-22.

32-5 am lewwis. a misreading of or. amle«uis.

32-6 a gOlit. a reptn. of gdlith = goIit//, 3 s. pres. Ind. ? read: py
a olith wenyn o glyd ac ystor.

32-13 Gwrth a wyr Caim, a mall tra merin :
A waSawl VyrSin, y corwg gwydrin.

Cain shall know persecution, & decay beyond the bourne :
Myr5in's dower will be the coracle of glass.

32- 1 7 .? read: A b/aii-d a blodeu.

32-21 pjzraOz. Or. wr. '21.' y?f«rf.- puvawr. j^^ B.B.C. n.48-4.

33-13 chvyr. scr. er. ioT hwyr. The <:/;/;>■ of B.B.C., 15-9, 90-5, wh.
is dissyllabic = (r/)'K//r, still pronounced clwir. c/«y=clerici.

33-20 = 11.55-108 vwyhav i achwysson, very great his plaints,
troubles, cp. Gelwyssit . . . ar Grist a achwysson {? because of
troubles), 24-4 = 29-48. But Rum ganhym5eith achwysson, 3- 1 =
69-86, & baran achwysson, 22-5 = 23-204, suggest kinship with
Lat. acce(n)s-u5, attendant, follo7i>er, hence a state officer who at-
tended one of the highest magistrates. Lat. Dicty. Jt-f further, Bruts
200-7, 288-22, 291-7, 327-2.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 94

33-21 ryhoiiigyon : cy\\ot\^\ox\ = cynhon^\on, ? a biform of cyn-
horogion, (A. I-IO-22, 25), leaders, chiefs, see ii. 541 10.

33-24 / read: Yng-hadeu bum gan Leu a Gwydion,

/ was in battles with Lieu and Gwydion.

33-26 pan lah'u'yt. cp. pan z'ei let loscedig, 26-5. Mor5wyt tjllon =
gwr gwynllwyt cloff'{ = Fisher King, = Anfortas), who is ever asso-
ciated with a big fire, see W.B. 127-17; Parzival, Bk. V., 1. loy.

33-27 di/er- =di^rogion. i^f 11.3-4.

34-1 6leth. ? a scr. er. for olych. Penrhyn Golych means Holy-
head, cp. Dyffryn goluch in B.IL.D., and see Pughe s.v. goluch;
also K.A.B., ii. p. 404.

34-1 IJuch Riion — Lache. As to A'eon compare :
Bc5 Rhun, v-ab pyd, yng-or glyd avon dcr,
yn oervel, yng-weryd —
be5 cyn^:an yn Rht-on Ryd.
7'he grave of Rhun, son of misfortune, is in the country of the
pure stream ; in the cold under the sod at Rheon lord is the grave
of the chief. This Rhun, son of O.G., died on the banks of the
Uee in 1 146, (Intro, xvii-xviii). cp. Oni 5cl Cadwaladr oc gyn-
adl, Ryd Reon, until Cadwaladr (brother of O.G.) come (on his
way from Ness in 1 1 57) to his tryst at Rheon Ford. B.B.C., 52-3.
see LI. 496. Thus Rheon was, app., that Regio of Cheshire, wh.
lies west of the Dee, and the Ford to it was known as ' V'aduni
Region-'is trans Devani.' This would be the passage of the Uee
at Aid-ford, between Eaton Park Iron Bridge and the mouth
of the Glut. Read Ryt Reon for Ryt al-Clut in Intro, .i.i'. I.4 ;
and amend foot-note 36 to : ' The Ryt al-Clut was the passage of
the Clut brook, on the road from Aldford to Chester.' The rest
of the note refers to Ryt Riion.

34-8-13 see Introductory note on 54-16-24.

34-9 Ys gvvyr mawr ovyd a phryderi —
teir_^rian a-dan gt'«/an rheg5i.
// is familiar with the great alfliction, the care,
and the moaning that is found beneath a cave there.
mawrtJi'yt : mau(r) o?'yt, i.e. Andromeda's enchainment to a rock
in Joppa harbour, i^see n. 54-16). Sir John Rhys sits comfortably
by the fire, and cheerily plays three organs, but without marked
enthusiasm for the music he makes, see Welsh Folklore, p. 678.

Kaukir Teyknon. The Teyrnon of i^' 1^-26 is, clearly, Richard L,
who figures as Arthur in 54- 1 5 to 56. Richard 'was a poet: wit-
ness his ballad composed in Durenstein prison. (Y.P. pp. 1 16, 120).
cp. 'Nam Artur Ilierosolymum perrexit ct oravil coram

B.T.

95 nOOk' or r A LIES IN

cruce doniinica, ut ei dominus victoriam daret . . . de paganis,
quot et factum est . . . (MS. C. in Nennius's Historia Brittonuiii,
etc., p. 200). This variant, or additional matter exemplifies the
xiii. cy. methods. The remoter the historian is from an incident,
the fuller the particulars about it.

34-16 'O echen A/adur' has a syll. too many, sec 1. 22 infra, and
ii. 56'4. Villa Aradtir occurs in the M.S. of the Life of St. Cadoc.
This Trev A;Tidur is now j/ Radyr. Radyr park is by IL. Illteyrn
chapel, (the exterior wail of which has a curious inscription to the
wife of King Arthur. Lewis' Top. Dicly.) Radyr occurs twice as
a place name near Usk. Jtt' PEM.iii.306, n. 5 ; 312, n. 4.

34- 17 Ri nvyvhidur^VXriXs^ of France, whose vassal Richard was.

34-20 cawrnur. cp. Casnur, and see 71-15, where meibon Cau<r-
/iur=?l\\e sons of Hen. ii. 'O gawrnur' implies a place. ? read:
neu-s dug yar gawr mur, he took from the champion of the wall
(around Acre), i.e. from Saladin in July 1 192. see Y.l*., p. 1 13-1 14.
Cp. Rodri mawr mur ciwdodoeh. M. 146 b.

34-21 ? read: Teyrnon, henur, heilin bascadur, try5y5, 5wvn Soeth-
ur ! ymendig a;nur, Tcyriwn, our seigneur! lavish thy bounty:
thou, deeply wise, art pining away in a blessed enterprise.

34-24 Tri Cyn\veissat = ? a. Eleanor, the King's mother; b. John,
his brother ; c. William of Longchamp, bp. of Ely, his justiciar.

Cadeir Tevrn, 35-1-21 refers to Howel ap O.G. &= his brothers.
35-4 ogrven a//-wen dair, the harmony of the blessed three, viz.
the Graces, the Charit-es. Cerit-wen is the goddess of outward
form, of grace, of finish, tp. ii. 11-14; & B. B.C. 9-6, 15-1.

Herwy5 ur5en aw51 Kyrridwen, ogrren am-had —

am-had anaw, a ry-wallaw y caw ceinad.
fn regular order Keridwen rhymes, varying the harmony — the
various kinds of melody, wh. the joglar pours forth, (fw-had =
various seed ; (cp. am-ryw). a(reith) a^ctyr^Tiv.', a mctath. of 'a
yy-zcrtllaw', aireith being a gloss on ceinad. In llehv ogrven
(B.B.C. 14-9) we have a technical musical term = 'flat,' as opposed
to 'sharp.' Again, seith ugein ogn'cn yssyS yn awen (vol. ii.
15-79) : now if ogrven was a person, male or female, we could not
have seven score such, {see Rhys's Lectures on Welsh Phil-
ology, 304-307). KynSel sings : 1 am a truly renowned bard
among the rhythmic bards (beirS ogrven) .... 1 am very well
versed in the ways of the arts of Keridwen. P. 169-30. Ogn'en
has nothing to do with Ocuran gawr (R.B. Mab. 302) to whom
KynSel refers : 1 voli gwron gwrhyd Ogyrfan, M. 1 54«; & Rac val
ym co5it yn Ilys Ogyruan. R.B. Poetry, 169-22. see Pem. iii. 332.

B.T.

AflSCEIJ.ANEOUS NOTES 96

357 teir caer = ? Conwy, Deganwy, and Rhu51an.

35-8 maer = ? Davy5 ap Owein GwyneS.

35-9-12, -20 The Manx friends of Rhodri. see B. 337 ; Lloyd, 588.

35-13 teyrn-o«. nietath. for teym uo = vo. ? refers to Howe), slain
by his brothers, D. & Rodri, sons of O.G.

35-17 hen . . e//Ti'ic = ? hener'ic, of ancient line. Correct ii. 61-70.
Ciuledic=} Rhodri, or Llewelyn.

35-20 mor- Or. wr. /. Saraphin = ' j^r/Jw/j.' Bible Dicty.

35-26 ? read: Di-T/e5 yn n-echwe5 yw ILeu, or DiweS yn lle/the5
VH i Leu. cp. Re5 ILeu ydan achles mor, n.l5.C.66-i4. see\\.(iO-}.

36-6 ? read: drud ym-yd, gwcrid bletheu. see \\.()2- \%.

367 y-ar logawd Pryderi lys. see W.B. 83-31 to 85. The llys, now
Ciurt, is at the top of the gravelly slope, where the road forks be-
yond RhySlan bridge over the Cledlyn. The earthen rampart &
fosse on the south and west sides remain.

36-12 Kaerjffrancon = '> the fort on the brow of the deep ravine of
the ILyvni, opposite ILeuar bach. Bryn Cwydion is not far off,
and G-djytheint is associated with Clynog, a few miles distant.

36-16 y warth . . . am y /ys. The genders are mixed. Note that
L4 = W.B. ioo-ioi;ll. 5-9 = \V.B.83-29-86; II. i4-i7 = W.B.95-98.

36-23 Dychymig = ? 2 s. Iniper. Imagine what it is. But see ii. 3-1.

37-15 banyar = a cpd. of ban + dyar.

37-18 a 'umecfi, 3 s. pres. Subj. i/>. har en/uet a gunech = *Ae . . .
injuria quod. . . fecerit.' B. IL.D. 1 20-25, "9''- Vol. ii. 457 as-
sumes a possible form from i^wrychu, to heap together.

37-20 After oeniel the scr. either turned over two leaves, or inter-
polated matter of his own. At 40-21, etc., Canu y t^iynt %^^xn%Xo
be continued, jcf ii. 462-77 ; n.41-12; and note the marginal re-

37-20 ? read: ILug lloer yr an lies ... -23 mo/livvy. [ferences.

37-26 f read: ni bendic avrllad. Ni wyr anynad.

38-1 ? read: Deng-wU-8 fiarmerthat.

38-3 KaTi'at >(-«.'(// )rjf/; <AA'='cael. Read: o 5i-garu cAd

38-6 Read: Mars a Mercunus, Sol a Satumus,
Luna lavurus, Jupiter, Venus.

38-9 Read: Reen na-n rhanher gan lu Lucuffer.

38-11 Calch-'i'ynyti. "A lyme-stone vayne appeareth at Munclon,
i.e. Mountain." Pem., i. p. 64. This Mountain is CalchvynyS.
It presides over Pembroke Castle, wh. Dr. Henry Owen identifies,

B.T.

97 BOOK OF TALIESIN

as I think rightly, with Ce{v)>uirth bychan. The original Pem. Castle

was a palisaded rampart, on or near the present site, sec n. 29-25.

Prof. Lloyd (p.418, n. 59), and Mr. E. Phillimore (Pem. iii.345)

have other, but divergent views.
38-11 gwarth. j^f 8.282-15. Anreith. j-cc B. 282-14, 302-6.
38-13 g'iuleh vedy5. cp. 56-17, & see ii. 154-3 ; B. 281-18.
38-13 lawen. f/. IlewenyB Had. B. B.C. 193-3.
38-14 peblet = peOTblet//, confusion, perplexity.
38-15 Read: /?/// M-.c/ cad gormes. ji-f 8.282-31 /^ 284.
38-16 ma/' idno ; ma ('ySno. Osvein and his father came from the

GwySno country, cp. I. 20.
38-17 ? read: Ac ni levessid "Scs/ r/iag tod.o. Er talu can mu . . .

Kadwgan had to pay a fine of 100 cows, but had still with him a

calf=hisson. .st-f B. 285-10-15.

38-20 celein vein wen, or celein \'einwen, i.e. //ic corpse of Nest.

see P. 13-2-16.
38-21 read: rhwnggraian Ro, i.e. an embankment of pebbles heaped
up by the sea, as y Ro va7i'r, near Aberystwith ; y Ro 'luen be-
tween Vriog marsh and the sea.
Mabon'. The te.xt of 2,^-1 to 39-10 refers to Gr. ap Rhys's battlesin

Dehetibarth. see Bruts, 296-300, which vol.ii., p. 154, follows.
38-24 ryt alcliit is pure gibberish here. ? Ryt y Gors.

b. ynj'^vven, metath. oi gy\sen = Cywyn. cp. yn Aher Cq/7i'i',or. wr.
c.ouu\ = (lc>uyn. 6.297-14. There are vestiges of an encamp-
ment on Treventy farm, in the psh. of LI. V'el Aber Couyn.
38-25 rodawys. ? for tod&wt wys. cp. KheAeg rodohort. M. 1533-57.
39- 1 /uwan. ? a misreading of ruzV/an, i.e. rhwyv-an, a petty ruler.

39-2 ar >-an : ar /an \\en Reidawl, on the bank of fair Rhcidol.
But see ii. 154-26.

39-3 rac biw reget, etc. This line, (wh. is defective in length, in
assonance, and in end-rhyme) led Sir John Rhys to locate Rheged
on the Rheidol. see Intro, xv. n. 23 ; & ii. 154-27.

395 The OWEIN .\p Kadwg.vn section begins here, see B. 302,
where O. figures as tywyssawg nu = lly7i\ i.e. General. Read:

O arvod cychwyn a thervyn cad, yd wehyn Mabon anoleithad.
Ban Siscynnwy llyw rhag biw y ?i;/ad, tar5 ev galch. achlwyr a
chry%gr-uf'jAr2L.dL ; From the beginning to the ending of the war,
Mabon will ward oj destruction. When the Chief (Owein) des-
cends upon the country's cattle, he will arm thoroughly, and
swiftly nuirch. Correct ii. 154-30-33, wh. follows the Bruts.

B,T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 98

36-6 gOryt. or. wr. /. 0 is followed by 2 in B. T.

36- 1 2 ffran^con. or. wr. c or o. 37'6 ^yn. a boggled //.

39- 1 4 Ban berir cad ^^rt// Ri, rhwyv Dragon,

bollt na owintTi^' biw rhag Mabon {i.e. Gr. ap Rhys].
When war is set going by the King, the Dragon's chiej,
(it is) a shock that the cattle are not wild against Mabon.
Biw=\.\\^ 'kittle cattle' of Dyved, i.e. the Normans, Saxons,
and Flemish, cp. Gwartheg EdeirnyaOn, P. i6-2i.

39-15 Read: calane5 ve5«' rei ym-Rwnwj', slaughter claimed some
at lif^cnws. see An. Camb. sub Ao. 11 16, I5.IL.Dav Index,
and Lewis under ILan Egwad.

39' 1 6 ? read: ELewenyS 5yby5 i ub a brein, i.e. to Gerald of I'eni.

39' 1 7 yma/ZraOd. App. an altd. r.

39'20 ? read: RhuSion beude/r biw o vawr vrad. [15656.

39-20 gvvyar gor golche/. ? a cler. er. for gor-golchef, but see ii.

39-22 Wenhwys = men 0/ Cwent. read: Powys, B.301.

39-24 '? read: y tri cyv-estrawn hiid, i.e. Saxon, Norman, Sr" Flemish.

39-24 yj^-rt;/.- pen gyvylcheintgeinc. p^n : p<jn, affected by following,)'.

3926 Read: cild rac Owein awr vawr o irad, there was raised against
Orcein a war-shout 0/ great bitterness, because of the affair of Nest.

40-2 ? read: Han 5iscyn Owein yng-Wenwlad, y5 e/rch vreint cyr-
reiveint o-i Dad. When Owein is descending into the happy land
he craves for the boon of forgiveness from his Father.

40-4 pen-devicpop wa. <•/. 40-14, 54-17. ?devicpobma. .rc^-ii. loo-i.

40-9 molrit. ? mclit, 3 s. fut. Ind. cp. cpd. dy-valu, to ponder.

40- 1 r yr y donha. ? = er i 5awna, for endo-wing him.

40-13 see ii. 100-13-14, with order changed. di//ig : diwig = di-Jcig,
clothing, fleece.

40-15 Elphin figures in Welsh legend as a synonym of misfortune.
This 'exiled' Elphin = Maelgwn, son of O.O. The bard, 1. 7
supra, prays that Maelgwn may possess Mon. cp. 33-19-21,
19-22-26, and see Intro., p. .vxr-'. Maelgwn, David, & Rhodri
were the three sons of O.G. surviving him in 1 174. cp. the asso-
ciation, as rulers, o{ Alpin-us Montanus, his brother D. Alpinus,
and Civilis ; also Cicero's pun on Treviri and Ires viri.

40-19 Read: Elffin, varchawc /;«(■/, hwyr dy ogleS. r/. nn.9-7, 19-2.

40-21 Read: Teithi edniviynt, Gwr a gadwyn wynt :

Pan 6el yn rhi7fy5, gor-vloeSawg elvyS. cp. ii. 6-68-73.
They culmire the powers of Him who chains the wind:
When it rushes up the hills, the welkin resounds.

B.T. C

99 BOOK OF TALIESIN

4023 ? read: Ys ti a ve5yS, in thy /mnti or fiower. deu'eint =

from midnight to 3 a.m. see ii. 190-1-8.
40'24 f read: Mas\vc5 arvollawr, etc., soft repose is tlie t^ift of tlie
great Ruler. M.2l%\\ = soft, Jlahliy, relaxed, mod. meaning of mas-
\\e5= frivolity of the irreverent and comic sort. ? Male5. see
41-1 Mead: Galwer, er ach/i's, ar eihg gymes ; [Intro: p.xl.

(ic yiir/iob neges Dews dymgwares. correct ii. io2-i2.
Let the call for succour be made to His flowing justice
and, in every affair, God may give deliverance.
4 1 '2 a chyn dybySyn . . . mechteyrn. Lovers of //'/c/'a/ translation
may try their hand here. There is no obscure word, see ii. 102-16.
4 1 -6 dyygfl-ik'g. As dy intensifies, and go modifies the meaning of a
word, the combination is impossible. '> read: ys go-ioag, or gpr7uag.
41-6 ? read: A olcho i lestri, byS groew i vrecci, or

Golchrt dy lestri ; Bit groew dy vrecci. see ii. 104-26.

4 1 -8 anaiL'cll. If akin to Corn. antiaucl= Lat. procella (Zeuss 1073),

we should translate, When the beer is '''' up." J£Y ii. 104-28. Golch-

tXtawr . . . (\y5ycca7i'r {twice) 3 s. fut. Ind. Va.ss. for 2 s. Imper.

41-9 mel, honey, is used for mead, h\\\ grain for cwrw. Since God

m&Ai grain, and is pleased with its sap, or essence, !w&, it fallows

that C7i'r7i' is God-ordained ! That is the subtle argument implied.

41-10 etuynt yn of. ? edwyn, knows, or cnvyn, sends i noh.

see rearrangement of lines in ii. 104-35-53.
41-12 app. a detached passage of Canu y Gwynt. ? read:
Cymeint y tervi raean mor heli,
ac ym arswydi cyn traeth ryverthi ;
A-ni cu5wy tywawd ^-x gli'ynt yw deithawg.
So greatly dost thou churn the gra^'cl of the sea,

that I shudder ere thou rushes t ashore:
May the sand cover me and the Wind he careering.
41-14 ;/;/hun. cp. 12-15, 27-1, and muhun. ? A'i'/hun = Trindawt (/)
41-16 yn tryffin garant. ? a place name. (j>. Kar/;ant. .fee ii. 104-37.
41-20 ? read: am-dyrr o-r ant'e, — o-r pt'/r pan Swyre.
4i-2iechiawg, w/rcw^. (7>.eichawg 64-14; eithiawg 28-13 ?'W//awg.
41-22 Read: ffysr ffo ys . . f/. prys : prysc, B.B. 0.65-9 & n. 57-15.
41-22 d//-hun. u tends to affect i ^ y into u. cp. f//-hu5a\v, -wr.
B. 292-14; d/rhunawd B. 279-25; d/z-un T.4-15; Ilur/zg- A.5-I9, etc.
41-23 Karawc. app. Beh Carawg at Eglwys Bach(\vy), in Erethlin,
is the tump of Gr. ap IL'n ap Seisyll ( = tad Caradawg) who,
when he retired in this direction after engaging the Saxon in 1063,
was 'forsaken in wild glens and fell by the treachery of his own

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES loo

men.' I!. 267-23. Pennant nach{uiy,) to the south of the Church,
is the place to wh. Alexander of Scotland, and the son of Hu^jh,
earl of Chester, led their armies in 1 1 14, (15.2931-5). (I'rof Lloyd
has gone astray here, 463). King John also passed through
Erethlin on his way to Conwy, ip. B.15.C. 5514; LI. 370, 635 ;
Pern, iii., 549-550; Silvan Evans Uicty. %.v. Carawg.

b. CaerweSawg. Hybrid form, possibly «. frcad: Caer t'e5-awg,
a gra-'c tump; or gwely car«e5awg, a tumulus bed; or gwely
caerweB-awg, a fort-like resting place. Jtv ii. 190-22 ; n. C5-4.
Canoed is a township of Eglwys Bach(wy).

41-24 Meneiuon. There is a Menei-vron near the Anglesey end of
the Carnarvon Ferry. .*" read: Menei «on. Lord of Menei = IL'n
ap Jor. see 15.355-23 to 356; cp. n.47-10.

41-25 gwallt hirion. Read: by lit hirion. The long bows of the
Gwentians needed long 'bolts.' li. 356. see Giraldus Camb.,
p. 370-371, (Bohn's Liby.).

42-1 coel ganawon = Owein&Rhys, sonsofGr.apRhys. Ii.345.

42-2 .'' read: (gael) o Ynyr wystlon. Ynyr a reputed King of (iwent,
is here the eponymus of prince John who, in virtue of his mar-
riage with Hawise of Gloucester ' became lord of Glam., with a
considerable stake in the Welsh Border,' LI. 575. cp. Intro,
p. XXV. In re Gwystlon, see B. 348-32 to 349, etc.

42-3 se. ? seS: see ii. 104-44. '/• B. B.C. 23-10, where se (a reptn.
of.rt'ith) = r)'-suinad ; but see .M. 148^.

42-3 neur di-ervm / rin, l s. for di-erv/.f, 3 s. see ii. 192-35.

42-4 mordei. ? moryd, i.e. maw-r ryd. see Intro. p..t-.r77'//.

42-6-8 If this passage is by Tal., he was preceptor at Strata Mar-
cella, wh. was in Dygen. The Abbey there was founded by O.K.
in 1170, or 1 172 (LI. 599), so that chronologically there is no
difficulty. But had Taliesin been educated at Basingwerk (after
1 131) so as to be qualified? I question his relation with the
house of Powys altogether. Pages 40-42 are, seemingly, full of
disconnected fragments of various dates.

42-7 Urien : Owein(K.) to rhyme with Uygen. nu///oes = ?nu /woes,
many his 7'irtues. Emendation in ii. 192-45 assumes this to refer
to O.K. after he joined his own fraternity about 1 195, when Tal.
would be 85, if not 90 years old, an age highly improbable, see
Intro. p..i-.t-/.r., and n. 42-6-8 preceding.

42-8-15 refer to the taking, and retaking of Gwenn Wynnwyn's
Castle at Welshpool, j-t-t- B. 339-8-23 ; LI. 583 ; Pern. iii. p. 634.

42-9 A'uByn .... har5 Wenn wys, i.e. Castell Coc/i, called Gwenn
Wynnwyn's castle because he completed it. The word is not

B.T.

101 BOOK OF TALIESIN

Gwen but Gwenn {sec A.S'i, ii'i4, 1319, 24'i5.2i). The fact
that it rhymes with hen proves nothing, for instances of long and
short vowels rhyming are not wanting, cp. Guen-cat, Guen-erbiu,
Guen-gale, Guen-garth, Guen-vor, and Brat-guenn in B. Ll.D., and
Guen-doleu. All are names of males. (/. I r. _/frt«, a hero (Ccrw^r'j
Glossary); nn. 1-28, 56-18. With Wyiiiniyn, or Wynn Wynn,
compare John Wynn Deka, of Royton, Denbigh-shire.
b. Hyn^Oys. or. wr. u. ? read: ellyn^Oys.

42- 1 2- 1 3 A(^y\-au'r . . . gwaew-rt7i';-. These plurals imply the
wielders of these weapons, rather than the weapons themselves.

42-14 Kalan for ? kynran, but cp. Gael, co/an, a fellow-soldier,
cp. 'eit/iyr un a //as.' B. 339-19.

42. 1 4 Y;?yr ar tir. ? y iiyr = i vur, /i/s iiuiriis ; or y wur, //ic >nurus.
Ynyr, as a proper name, stands for John in Taliesin, but there
are historical objections to making Ynyr the subject of the verb
cochawr. .fcf B. 339-8-23 ; ii.192-58; n.42-2.

42-16 Archav y Wen Sw-j'v blwyv escori, —

Berchen nev a Ilawr, bwyllvawr, or-vri.
I imp/ ore tite divine B/essedness to de/i'der the pcop/e — -
tite Disposer of heaveii and earth, of great wisdom &=■ g/ory.
Does Wen here stand for Trindawd? These lines belong to the
previous poem.

42-18-24 App., we have here the Caers of Aber ILeinog, and of
Priestholm, 'mor oe chylchyn'? But cp. 'Aethant hyt y-Mon . . .
jTio megis y-mywn kaer a vei damgylchynedig o Weilgi,' where
the island of M on is meant. L i f e of G r. ap K y n a n, p. 1 42.

42-21 dySyvyS g^vanec ar vrys i5i. cp. ^Magnus . . . dyfryssyavv
aoruc y eu kyrchu'. B.273-I5.

42-21 ? read: adawhwyt A/on werlas, o glas EFichti, verdant Mona
was abandoned on t/ie part of the Pictish band. cp. 'Ac yna y5
edewis Magnus . . . (yn) 5eissy\'yt.' B. 273-18.

42-26 H/n : nin. Ap Erbin = Urien, i.e. O.G. The whole context
proves that Erbin = Gr. ap Kynan.

43-1 voyn. ? scr. er. for Vo« r>n, i.e. Penmon.
b. eryr=Hugh, the proud, earl of Shrewsbury.

43-4 Caer ar ton nawvet = Aber Teivi Castle, visited by the tide.

43-8 traeth, abnormally formed ; r/. mordOyeit 35-20; trablud 39-19.
eillon Deu-draeth = the men Kemes, Pem.

43-9 Kyweithy5= Kadwgan ap Ble5yn. ^Tt'/t-S, cp. B. 281-19.

43-9 Caer yn yr eg/an = Tenby. Eglan, estuary, is a cpd. of e-,
eh-, *eks- Lat. ex, and g/ann. cp. //^-mendith, curse.

RT.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES lo:

43- 1 7 gorwen wylan = Isabel, Countess of Pem., resided during her
minority, at Tenby Castle, cp. LI. 571.
b. \vlei5u5 u5 er = ? \v>'lci5 v('6e;-r. correct ii. 1 18-34.

43'20 //yny vwyv tavawt = //// / am become the bell-clapper over the
bards of Prydein. But see ii. 1 18-38.

43-22 y rj'deu. f read: y tvr5eu. cp. Intro, xt.xxxiv, & f.n.66.

43-24 ? read: Yscriven Brydein — piydaThriffwn, t/te script 0/ J'ry-
dein — I uill sin^ its chief burden (i.e. its chief items) or: Brud
ev brisivvn, her Brut, or history I prized. [ L^t pcll-'\s.

43-26 hyt pen, lon^, afar. ? read: hyS-bell, doe-skin, parchment.

b. y gell atlireiSwn, the room I explored, cell yscriven = the MS.

room, the Library, but what Caer had one? There were MSS. at

Bassingwerk(i 131), Margam (i 147), Strata Florida (1 164), Strata

Marcella (i 172), but later than these foundation dates.

44- 1 f read: yn ar-5\vyrein, in the extreme east (of Prydein), oi

yn Ar5un\ven, i.e. at Mold. \shall obtain ^eat wealth.

b. read: Gochawn oi meSud vo lud gor-veint, by taking it we

44-2 0'«-vreint refers to Tal. being/orw/tr/j' a native of the district,
cp. n.44-7; Intro, p. A-.r.r.

b. go5ev gOrych. see ii. 120-49. Pughe's cormorant is a mere
guess. The description fits the curlew alone. A disturbed curlew
on top of liLTwyn threatcntd iiie like a nesliiig lapwing, utlc-ring fearsome
cries, finally it perched on a jutting rock, and kept up an incessant -'crake
crake," the very antithesis of its soft whistle-call of an evening when nearing, or
on, the beach. The curlew, lieing a denizen of the coast & ntoorlatui twlh,
is a fitting emblem of O.G. , who held the coast, and had now over-run the
moorland country fietween Mold and [iuddugre.

44-4 trei5et trathamein = ? trei5 ced talm-eint .f^f ii. 120-51.

44-5 The first letter of this line is uncertain — more like // than (j-mein.

44-5 Blei5, u5 yor-llwyd. Lupus is asso. in command with (jernianus
in the Victoria alleluiatica at Maes Garmon, a mile south of Mold.

44-7 ar/yn. a scr. er. for an gwnel, etc. This line tontirms cyn-
vreint, and the Pulford origin of Tal. see n. 442, Intro. p..i.r.r.
The date of the poem must be about 1 147.

44-8 This CdLex= Carmarthen, which accounts for a copy of lines
8-15 being found in the B. B.C., 46-1-8.

44-10 Text of B.B.C. differs from B.T. compare the two. / read:
Gwaewawr Castell Gwys a 5erIIyssant, (B.314).
or Gwaewawr Rhyn Rein7<;i,'^, daro.i7>'/yant.
Khynn ^promontory. Rheinwg = Uyved, wh. includes Pen-vro,
i.e. L/ead-land. Jtv Pem. iii. 279 ; LI. 502.

44-11-12 refer to the expedition against Carm. Castle, wh. Mred.
ap Gr. repulsed. B. 3 12-3 13. see B.B.C, Intro, p. xxvii-viii.

B.T.

I03 BOOK OF TAIJES/N

44' 13- 1 5. (see ii. 120-64.) Cadwaladr's castle of Cynvael was taken
by his nephews, Kynan and Howel in 1 147. B.315. ILech /WAvy
looks like a cler. er. for ILech A'ofiwy, whose bold precipitous side
dominates the glen of Cynvael, from the Rhaiadr down past Dryn
Cyvergyr (on the opposite side). It was in this glen that ILcu
had jf x^ruyn, (W.B. 104-105). L/ec/i Ronwy still survives as the
name of a farm. Cyn : Cen = Cevn. JA^tV isadoubletofil/<7tf/.
The Cevn J/oc/ stretches along the Festiniog-lSala road.

Plaeu yr Eifff, Plagues of Egypt. \-a>laii rhyhid.

44' 1 7 etuyl . . . dilyn. Read: yd wel . . . dilein, rhySynessein w«2-

44'20 read: di'gnawd, an-vwyd, lean, unfit for food.

44'2I Tluosawc heint, Hewnsynt ffwrn-wyd, oven, ffronoed for
fforn-oed = ftwrn-wyd, *forneto-, Lm. fornus. (^. ael-7i^rf= hearth.

44-23 read: gwychr jfo/iorg'cd a weladwyd. ep. Lat. co/ior/em.

44-24 cur am ys/)'r = amys<v?r gur, disease of the bowels.
b. cygnohes vii^won = ? vi($)'on, a double pi. oi biw.

45-1 rferitolyon : ^ifweridolion, t/ie large intestines.

45-3 ? read: a gwynt anvert/i, oer gor-5i-berth, ar 5eil a gwyg.

45-4 Hoscus : locust, blodeu : ? blagur cyv-ys.

45-5 diueSlawc : diveflawc. do«/awc : do;«awc.

45-6 novus : noi-vus = nwyvus.

457 ? read: Degivr/ meini coeth roed inni gan Egiptiein;
Yna mabweith., mwyhav gwynyeith ar blwyv Cynrein.
Hudynt glydwr, hwe-chan-mil gwr, pe5yd Evrein.
Crist Jesu mad, dyro i-m rad, Cristonig rein.
Plwyv CyT\ri\n = P/iaraoh's ^plebs,' or people.

Trawsganu Kynan, reads more like an eulogy than a satire, but
history proves the title correct. The bard is a?i adherent of the
Lord Rhys -who, with his brother, had driven the house of Givyneh
north of the Dovey. After O. G.'s death the Lord Rhys became
the prop of England (LI. 540), and the justiciar of Deheubarth.
13.330-31. At this time Kynan 7vas lord of Merionyh, etc.
see n.^^-iyi^; Intro, p.x.r?'. ; LI.550.

45-10 Read: Cynan, cad 5iffred, a ry-loffes ged.

can nid geu i vyged. Gwrth-el gun trevred . . .
Cynan, the bulwark of battle has gleaned much wealth. So,
his was not an empty show. He would move against the lord of
a province with a loohorses, running abreast, in silver trappings —
with a 100 green tents, every cover complete in one piece — with
a 100 armlets, having five spikes on their rim bands — with a
sword, etc. as in 11.93-1 1.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 104

45-16 CadeTIing Ystrad= Vale of To-iLy. Cadell was lord of Car-
marthen, & of Crug Dy\-ed= Dryslwyn Castle. 15.316-18; 320-34;
45-17-18. see Hruts 321-18, & Lloyd 503. [Intro. \t.x.xvi.

45-11-18-19. Cadwaladr was driven from his castle of Cynvael
(B. 315), held by Morvran, abbot of /"ca^// (M.2491^ '44); & also
out of Mona : '■ gn.vrtltlaiwyt Cadwaladyr 0 ynys I '0/1'. Moslyn
MS. 1 16, fol. 174(5; B.315; LI.490, n. 14.
45-20-23 When Aircol ( = Cadell, Intro, p.xxvi.) went pereyrinating
to Rome in 1154 he left his brothers in charge of his realm.
Meredy5 died, and Rhys was attacked by, amongst others,
Reginald, earl of Cornwall, & by Kynan who retired from I))-\ed
'empty-handed', hence the 'satire.' li. 32033-34 ; 321-25-34;
45-22 eidywet. A'ead.- Dyved. T.Gwyn Jones. [LI.510-511.

J-'roi/i here forward lite Lord Rliys is tite hero.
45-24 ? read: Myg cevn(/erw Cynan, cadeu or-ynvwan

ai lew laiv Hydan . . . Honoured is Cynan's eousin,
luho, etc. as in ii. 93-36. Cd'ndenv is now Uender,' cousin. The
lord Rhys was really kyvyrderw, second cousin, of Kynan.
45-25 cad yng-wlad Bnzchan. .*" read: Yng-Hantrev ISychan, in

Cajitrev Bychan. j^-^ B. 320-34 ; LI. 506-507.
46-1-4 Kynan : Kyn^an, t/ie e/iief i.e. the Lord Rhys.
46-2 J\ead: nerthiad gwlad lydan, the support of England heard the
talk of all. 'gwlat lydan' is used for a wide expanse of flat
country, like that around Chester, or Gloucester, cp. \V.I5. 38-7,
and 'the broad acres of England.' Correct ii. 95-46.
46-4 Read: ceith ynt Si Gynan. Prof Loth, and T. (iwyn Jones.
46-10 ? read: Ifu clwid Tleu, o Iwch aeleu ;
46-13 ? read: Go-wyned gwas, colovn 5ias,
46-16 Read: a-i vrattau, a ry-5ar\-rt7(v/.

g^vr vei vucheS i bob rhi///e5, a bwyd parawd.
Cyn perissid be// mi bryt-ivV/ / bericlawd.
Rhy-Sug cla-'<(r, nid aeth 5aear, aw/ yspeidawd.
/ wlad briodawr, ni bn vwynvawr, bai o honnad.
0-i groes greuled, niaint / goSed, boed ini / rad.
Gwyeil Jesse, a fjFon fose, llathr y blodeu.
Mawr wyrth g-uyryd, 5y-leinw i vrjtl o Ouw Sonieu.
Ev oeS ynad — ynad iw Dad, Dewin dihcu.
Gw-r y cyssul i bob uvyl, dywal rac geu.
Ys ev amner daear niver, toeu cynlleilh.
Ueheu liiyS, mal bydev/8. Ion lu dileith.

B.T.

105 nOOR' OF TA LIES IN

47' I HyvyS wrth cir, a dysc niab Meir, ; voli'r /on.
I hijarwas, o Duw treiSas ; gwyr pet gwirion.
Du«' rac-arvae///, cy\oe.A g^cyiinaetli, coe/ gyviawn/cw
ILeSc/ Gaini, o arffedin : rhu5 na phob/o//. Cp. 315.
47-5 rex = Mv/////; meibon. Ne«c8 ana/// . . . ^ dyniadon.
Gwir y rhadu///, r gwasporthiant, heb \vra5on.
Dywerthyd/s bob uch bob is, rhag derwySon.
Dris ni wySyn, Itarwch welyn, gweled Mabon ( = Jesu).
47-10 o ethiopia : o Inibilon . . . n:v menei/o// : hrcnhin fioii, the

scr. confusing Slon with /.ion, and adding the gloss Menei.
47-12 Ev 5y-boenes, wallad beiies, berchen nieibon.
47-14 Nihis a't'pn. RliySug Herod, an-wyd \^)\'iiPii . . . .
i Gaer Salem, nid aetli berchen, penes aneb.
Bid adebriad ; hubwyv ith rad, Tu5 gorch//5ion !
Tu5 g. = keeper of secrets, but ? Xwr, or trtd gorchorSion.
47-17 gorchordeon. or. \vr. «. Ge«/', more like w. tread:

yng-eni Crist, dy5ug/« dyst leg engylion.
47-22 anyfe/. more like / than /.

48-1 ? read: grwydr wrth avon Chvyd, but see ii. 194-22.
48-4 a/cor ar hewet : a-r cor a-r e«wet. henet : hewet.
48-5 gr//t'thaOc : gc-//)'thawg = go-icythawg.
48-6 ? read: A march Gwari-dur. see W.B. 469-37.
48-22 penvrith looks like a gloss on 'kath,' leopard, said to be
blazoned on the shield of Richard in the third crusade. The
lines following suggest : Bum gath ar drin-bren, / was a leopard
on the battle-guard, i.e. shield of wood.
48-23 Bum pell ; bum pen : bum ga5r ar yscaw/ (j'ren :
Bum gan ran gwara yn gweled gorvlwng dra:
Gres mire morva — Cadwed geneSl 5a.
/ went afar; I was chief; I was puissant over an active force :
I was put under guard, a witness of excessive anger:

Welcome the sight of the marsh — Let it guard my good people.
We have here a picture of King Richard in Palestine, in Austria, &
of his return to Sandwich, wh. 'is surrounded on all sides by a
considerable extent of low ground.' 'ga/)r' : gaSyr, rad. caSr,
7nod. cadr, mighty, 'golwg' : gor//luc = gor-vlwng, is a natural
mistake after 'gwelet'. Correct ii. 198-71-74.
V L'<'g^ 48 ends a quire, and the first leaf of the next quire is
Jnissing. see diagram oti p.%\. 'Kyneil wad,' the catch-
word suggests a calling together of men for the Crusades.
The next folio contains the end of an elegy to liichard.
51-1 deu tec = Richard, and his brother John.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES io6

518 Richard, at the siege of Chaluz, was shot fatally in the breast.

51-10-21 These lines, ii'hich arc manifest interpolations, deal with
the story of Alexander. Compare Plutarch's Life of A.

51-9 hnt\=gcnerosus, noble, f/. nn. 97, 19-2. ? \\Atr, irresistible.

524 DigonOywt. abnormally formed. g(v//c. The rubricator closed
the M.S. before the big capital A on the opposite page was dry,
thus causing the a and most of/ to adhere to it, and peel off.

52-9 ? read: Gwen Veir vab-was, madws weled.

52-10 ree«. a boggled letter. 52-15 ? read: RhySyrchavdwrf.

52-18 ? read: Rhyve5 na chriawr a aSev nev i lawr.

52-20 ? read : och -ailcdii^ m^'grSawn, hcvc/ys tTarmawn.

52-22 ? read : / crchi celvySyd. A geis gelvy5yd, bit, etc.

53-4 Kead: mawr enwercis/ .... drwy y toniar (lomdyar).

53-6 Read: zm y vor-dros/ .... newyS i var.

53-8 Read: Heul o hwyrein hyd o-IIewein y bu8 5aear.

53-13 it y kery. read: ti am cer)-5, thou lovest me.

53-15 Ni pherir bar ni by5 escar:

53-17 //oneb gelvyS, an ingenious dogtna.

53-18 Ni bu ang-wael ro5i Israel .... viwcx gii'ledyh, -20.

53-21 gad^/ : gadofS. -22 doethant Saear . . . . ///-ihenyS.

53-24 ma* : ma^ dcyrnon = A7/if ^/(//(/n/. j(vn.34-i5.

53-25 ]K-go ^e\\>oxi = sons of Oivcin Gwynci. see Intro, xr.

54-2 ? read: drwg i gynhyh. 'gussyl' does not rhyme.

54-3 f read: A-r ser a-s hoyw; yn awyr lo)w, etc.

b. ? read: Heulwen a gel aSvwyn niver rhag eu _^vyl/y5.

545 torvoed : torvi'«, 3 s. pres. Ind. of tonvnnu, to crowd together.
b. ? read: Cyrchent Salen, a dilTaden, veSei ger)-5. cp. Gen. 3-7.

547 Gwledig cw5 vyh, cw5 dirperyS . . .

549 goreili'/rw : gor-eilw, 3 s. pres. Ind. oi goralw.

54-11 ? read : phuyv Niniven bu crlawen. i:iuida7L't = z gloss on

54-15 ^/('ym. Or. wr. (5 or i^. Read: Adyti. [filwy,'.

54-16 This poem deals with the Crusading expedition of Richard
to Palestine, and his imprisonment on his return journey. Caer
Sidi is a rocky eminence, rising 116 feet above Joppa's level
surroundings. The two extremities of its dangerous beach con-
verge, & the harbour is formed by low, and partly sunken rocks,
which make the sea seem alive — its swirls, sidi, being caused
according to the mythus by serpents, or dragons, {preibcu an-
niwn,) to which Andromeda was exposed, enchained to a rock

B.T. V

!07 BOOK OF TAI.IF.f^IN

here. Josephus declares that her chains were still to be seen in
his day. 'Jaffa is beautiful when viewed from the sea, beautiful
also in its surroundinijs.' It was a door 'to a reyion of rich soil,
where fruit and viticulture flourished' .... the 'dangerous char-
acter of the haven of Joppa was accounted for in olden times by
the presence of a draijon, just as the tawtiy fountain near Joppa
was thought to derive its hue from the blood of the monster slain
by Perseus.' see Encydopcdin lUblica & Classual Dict'ics.

54-18-24 See Sir John Rhys's Celtic Folklore, p. 679; and n. 34-9,

54-19 4-^ostol : or-(-//(-stol. fr^ ii. 126-4. [supra.

54-20 ? read: er cadwyn drom t/ras, cyvro-'as Ketwi, because of the
heavy large-linked chain of Kctii's own close.. The Nereid
Keto was honoured on the Phoenician coast and; if Ketwi = Ke-
to, her very home was, app., Joppa harbour. But ? Ke/wi, a
metath. of keri'/i = cewH. see ii. 126-6.

54-22 'tost yXgeni' might refer to Richard in Austria, but sec ii. 126-7.

54-24, 55-8 Neut wyv: (</. mydwyv). ? read: glod (f.) ^tmber
cerS . . . but cp. Gochawn gyrS ceinmyn, A. 27-1 2. sec ii. 1 26- 1 1.

54-25 crrd. Regun as /' or 0.

54-26 pedyr ychwelyt =? ped rym-chwelyd, /w/ .fi-c ii. 126-12.

54-26 'Yng-hynneir o-r peir pan leverid, my first word came out of
the cauldron when it was spoken. Cp. 'y mam, my mother,
W.B. 118-25. ^ read: ynghyweir oeS j peir pan verwid, com-
plete, or fully prepared, was the cauldron when it boiled.

55-3 Read: vwyd nwvr-8>'«, or vwyd i adyn.

55-6 uffern = \\-\e. annwvn of 54-21. Before hell's mouth lamps were
burning. This implies that Joppa harbour was lighted in some
way at the entrance, or from its rock.

55-8 vchwyd s.x\A. TcSid are of the same mood, tense, person, and
meaning. Joppa was taken, 7/e8id, by Richard. ? wchiiid.

55-10 Read: yng-Haer bedryvan, 1^,7;//^ bybyrSor ; 11.127-24.

echwy5 ac echrys gymyscetor, sunset and shuddering
fear come together, because of the dangers there.

55-1 1 Gwin gloew y gwirawd, \\?\.dawd caxh-f.ox, sparkling wine is
the liquor, wh. the folk of the place give freely, see n. 54- 1 6.

55-14 /awyr : ? fawyr = ffavr, /rtT'cwr. Sir J.R. takes lawyr to be
the Lat. laurus, a laurel tree, see M. 143a ; ITewyr, M.212^.
lien, a lake = a gloss on ILywiadur, ' Governor' of Tiberias. For
lien. ? read : cla-,ir, leprous, as a term of contempt, but cp. 1. 1 9.

55-14 Caer Wydyr. Near the sandy mouth of the river Beleus
was .'\kka, or .'Vcre, far-famed for the manufacture of glass.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 108

Though ill, Rich, had himself carried to the trenches, and used
his arblast against the Mahoinedans on the ramparts — iri ugcin
canhwr a seiv ar y mur. 55-15. When Rich, took Acre, the Och-
ren of 564, the ILyn Lywiadur, Saladin, slew the Christian
prisoners at Tiberias. The plain of Akka holds much water.
The Beleus, rising in a marsh, becomes in 5 miles a considerable
river. This marsh has been identified with I'liny's Camii-jiii,
whence our Doleu Dnmy, 55'2i, and Caer Canduy of 1. 25.
see Encyclopedia Biblica.
55- 19-26 Ilaes eu cylchwy . . . eu gohen, slack on their round . . . in
their coinniand, a reference to the King of France and others who
did not support Rich., because of their jealousy, see Y.I*, p. 1 14.
56-5 OwibanhoT. One of the townships of \'ienna is named IVieden.
Rich, was caught outside Vienna, but whether or not it was in the
township of Wieden 1 have no books to verify, cp. Vejenles.
56-6 ? read: A-i un uvel tan twrw a than ani^or? cp. ii. 128-52.
56-9 ? read: Yscar ni wySeint Seweint a gwawr;

Yn nev hynt ni welynt pwy a-u naw5;
py 6ia ry-5iv/r, py dir a blaw5. see ii. 128 55.
Thejf do not perceive the dispersion of night in the dawn;
Nor see, in the Crusade, who it is that protects them —
what plague will be destroyed, what land he will smite.
Sir John Rhys has translalcd this poem in his I'rcfacc, p. xxv. , lo Ic Mortc
d .Vrthur. (liveryman s). The poem, we are lold, lx:longs "tothcreahn
of twilight and darkness," to wh. his translation may also Ik; assigned.

56-14 to 57. Owein ap Kadwgan of Powys accepts the King's com-
mission to lead an expedition against Or. ap Rhys, and is slain by
the King's own party, 7>ic. by Gilbert of Pembroke, in rcnenge
for the ravishment of Nest, his wife, see n.39-26.

56-14 Gwledig is an epithet usually applied only to persons exer-
cising sovereign power. Florence of Worcester calls Owein,
^ King of the Welsh.' Have we here a reflection of that descrip-
tion ? 15. calls O. tywysog llu, 300-34 ; see n.40-2.

56-19 ni noSes na maes na choedyS, neither field nor wood afforded
shelter. 3.301-9-20.

56-22 1 read: gwedy brad bore-gad, briw gigy5, after the treachery
of the morning's battle (I saw) mangled remains.

56-23 Gweleis t5^'r<i'f= I saw thumkrX Read: tcrtfv = torv.
Ji-^ 11.158-13; Bruts 301-34— 302.

56-24 .*" read: Yn amwyn Ystrad •fyya, or Yn diffred Gwcn ystre'd.
Mr. Timothy Lewis has compared g^vyn with ' Ir. fian, war.'
ji-^nn. 1-28, 75-6. Fian is also rendered hero in Cormac's Glossary.

B.T.

I09 nOOK OF TA LIES IN

Gwcn ys/rad, therefore, = U^ar, or Warrior's dale (commemora-
tive of the death of O. ap Kad.), = the Estrat Brunus of An.
Cambrie, Ao. 1 1 16. On the banks of the Cothi, above its inflow
into the Towy, we have, a. ILwch Gwyn (the ILwch Ewm of
the Kulhwch story ; and the ILwch (iw/n of Driitwas ap Tryftin's
adar) ; /'. Crych (iwyn ; c. Ynys Wen ; d. Cwm dwyn ; e. \'elin
Wen [-Vstrad ?], halfway between Cothi-bridj^e and Aber Gwih.
The name Ystrad survives on tlie Carni. side of the Cothi, ex-
tending along the Towy. sec B. 301-302; cp. Cr-<i/tv;-vyny5, 7S'-i-

562 5 gofur hag : go-vur/haa/r, feeble resistance, or thrustings.
cp. Silvan Evans s.v. burlh. The // of /;ag is against ii. 158' 16.

56- 26 yn drws ryt : tyr, at the portal of the castles, cp. 'ereill yn
keissaw am5iffyn or cestyll nessaf.' B. 301-18.

57'l unyn yn'hanc. cp. 'gwnaethant heSwch ' at Carm. 15.30l'26.

57'4 GO-speithic ,4.'vspylat = repetn. s/eithic spylat = antcpn. read:
gosftfrthic p_)'s/ylat. see ii. I 58-23.

577 rt'gtV : xy^as. O. ap Kad. was not a prince of Regct, but of
Powys. \jxicn, 57-8, is used for Owein because of cynghaneS.

57-8 amwyth ae. Inadmissable construction. Besides, in war, folk
usually fight their foes, j-a- ii. 158-29.

57-9 yn Ilech \\<^xi galystein y C'ytheint, metath.ofj'j/^-w/jfijAwytheint.
y/^em : ytfein : ycfcin : yc{e)ii:m=ynghem'ein galwytlieint. cp.
Pedwar meib ar 'hw^wc^ yng'henvein Lywarch —
gwyr glew galiiytheint :
CyX[ eu dyvod glod tra meint. P. 12-9-10.
There (were) 2^ youths in the company of Llywarch (ap Trahaearn
of Arwystli, B. 301-2) — bra^'e men full of the 'corath of war: their
expedition lost them no end of fame. Tal.'s Llech wen is the
Llech echemeint of the Triads (R.B. i. 300-4, 306-16), wh. shows
how ignorantly the Triads were put together. ILech Wen = ?
Rock camp, on the bank of the Cothi. ec-hemeint = eng-he«veint.
b. Ti[&/yn : na«f n = Ilawen. \see ii. 158-32.

57-1 1 eurouyn = ? e uro wen=yn Vro wen (= ? Gwen-ystrad), but

57-11 ynyvaUC'yf. .. vrien. mistakenly appended here.

57-14 ? read: Urien, rhi-t EchwyS. cp. u5 yr Echwy5, 58-2 ; draig
wen ollewin, M. i50rt-8, = Owein G., whose son, Rhodri, is called
Gollewin wledig, M. 146;^.

57-23 eimdnc : oruli^nc = goT\\\\ng. cp. Table of Scr. Errors.

5725 clod ior, angor gwlad, the fame of the ruler is the anchor of
the country. <5!>. ii. 76-28.

58-1 gdnyeith. ?a metath. of gO>7ineith, wh. would be the true
spelling, if horn *vindecta. see nn. 1-23, 56-24.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES no

58-3-4 A reference to the Ear! of Essex throwing down the royal
stanJard, and fleeing from tlie field of battle at Colcshill.

58-10 Yny vallwyv, etc. .f^^ ii. 1 12-60-63.

58-15 ry/eS ; ? ryjjch. see ii. 106-8. 58-22 rlcK ygwis : en ri i wys.

59-1 ILwyveny5 vann ac eirch achlan yn un tirran, Llv.'yi'enyf/s
high ground, and well-cleared spaces extend conlinuously to-
gether. eirch = pl. of crch, wh. we have in Ilan-tn// ; trigan, //V
together, ? metath. of \\rgsL\\ : tircan = tirran, 3 pi. pres. Ind. of
tirraw. The Rev. J. Puleston Jones, when told the boundar-
ies of ILwyveny5 (Intro, .r.r.), made the interesting; comnicnl
that pecularities of dialect mark the said area to this day.

59-2 f read: Mawr a bychan Taliessin gan, a thi ai di5an.
ys ti-r goreu, o-r a gigleu, yng-wrhydreu.
Gtualchmei, M. i43(j-22-36; & A'ynSelw, M. i52«-33, i6oi5-48, in a
similar manner, mention themselves in their poems.

59-8-9 Rhyme and metre defective, see ii. 1 10-5-10.

59-10 ? read; c\hid pawb (/eAvyd . . . a-i varch y danaw.

59-17 ang-\vr \ve5wf/' i wr^ig. A reference to the demand of the
Ch. that O.G. should put away Cristin, his wife, see Intro, xxh'.

59-18 am ys . . . vnyn-yc gylt-^n, metath. iov gyltyc for gylleic.

59-20 kymaran : kymc/n. [jff ii. 110-30

b. Ta«aC' = ? Tati/aT', wh. would fittingly end what has gone be-
fore, and bridge the change of subject that follows ; but the rest
of the sentence implies a verb in 2 s. imperative. However drws
looks like an antcpn. of tru's-X.. Tradition & the Pedigrees asso-
ciate Guinvst with 'Urien' & O.G. see Welsh Saints, iii. 150,
iv. 369, & Lewis Top. Dicty. s. v. IL. R wst.

59-22 dugyn : dy-gynn, 3 s. pres. Ind. of dy-gynnu, to rise greatly;
or ? .fug//-(/ynn = (the sea's) withdrawing roar. cp. ii. 1 10-37.

60-3 gorg(7ryawg : Gor GtTyawg : read: yng-or<;r Geriawg.

60-7-22 a rac gw-eith Argoed Llwyi'ein. Locality and metre both
wrong. The poem refers to the Bcrwyn-Ceiriog conflict of 1 165,
when all the Welsh princes, cynrein, joined forces againt Henry
II. see 13.324. Read: Ac rhag gweith cynrein, because 0/ the
action 0/ the princes . . . Correct title into 'Gwaith Cynrein = The
action of the Princes,' ii.88, & 90-20.

60-1 1 O Argoed hyd ar vynyb. While going from Rhyd y Croeseu
to 'ar vynyS' I overtook a native, who had know ledge of even the
field names about 'ar vyny5,' but he had never heard of 'Ar\'yny6'
as a place-name, see \n\.xo.x.\:vvii, fn. 71.

b. eiryos. ? for eirids, but see ii. 88-6. Cynghanc5 suggests
erfid, encounter; <)r 'arcs ni chefiid hyd yr un dy5.'

B.T.

Ill BOOK OF TALIESIN

6018 (//;/ gerenhyS, beyond \.e.. except for friendship.

61-4 ■^owy gwyn gTylein. Note reptns. ? read: go-gwySj'ii yii
gelein. see ii.82-5.

6 1 '8 K«/, for ni. Tal. scribe mostly writes hyiiy for oni, as in 1. 9.

6i-ii ny (bu) gy«//wys : g577V/('ys = ni gywriO-Oys. j<?<?ii. 82-1 1-15.
In ' 1 150' Madog ap Mcrecly5, prince of Powys, with the help of
troops received from Kanulf of Chester met O.G. in eastern
ILwyveny5, and was defeated. 3.316-27-30; LI. 494.
/'. //jT'iv'S, the bold one = O.G. What follows refers to the con-
fhclsof I 146-1165. gododi)i : got(o)din = go^6in, 3 s. pres. Ind.
of gor-Sinaw, to drive fon<.'ard.

6fi4 Oieyhen = 'i VVepre brook, the stream of Avj^ved, in contrast
with ILwyven, the stream of Ci>e(/ ILwyveny5.
//. Gweles Lwyven)-5, i.e. O.G. venit, vidit, vincil.

6i'i5 Read: yn 5ioed cynh«7 yn eil mehyn, /ort/m'it/i lie holds
{Flint shire) as a second I territory, seen.jyy correct ii.84'22.

6ri6 Rhyd Alclut, i.e. Aldford in Cheshire. This implies that the
expedition of 1 146 did cross the Dee at Rhyd Heon. see Intro.
.vviii., XX ; n.34-i. Mr. Q. suggests that the al of Alclut, and
the aid of Aldford may be the same. In any case it can have
nothing in common with the Scottish Alclyde, for the level
country round Aldford has nothing like the alt- of Dumbarton.
Correct the ar Glwyd of ii.84-22 into Al Clud.

61-17 6re6yn suggests Berwyn, but it should rhyme with hir. ii.84.

6l-l8 Cynghuneh suj^gests: Cad ymHorth Aber oe^- gyvranc Sir,
or cad yn Aber mint gyvranc oe5 5ir — briwed nior gludven.
There was al Forth Aber a sad fatal event — the sea-raft was
broken. Porth Aber is near Moelvre. Is this the Aber-Strech
of the voters' list? Strech= Ystrych. cp. Cevn yr ystrych
( = ? 'Cevn Restyr' of the Bruts), near Carmarthen.

61-19 Read: Yng-vveith Pen Coed, in the action of Fencoed.
There is a place of this name on the coast in the parish of ILan
Vihangel Mathavarn eithav.
b. Cun = Henry fitz Henry, son of Nest, who lost his life be-
tween Pen Coed and Moelvre in 1157. cp. nn. 29-21-25.

61 -20 Read: Adveil wna yna wyn goruchyd,

cyd mynn Sais Z^i-^eingl ; i /;e8yl wthrid
o ledruS gyvranc //anc yn .<4/ryd.
Thereupon the lust of supremacy dies down, though the Saxon in-
sists on having Te^eingl, whose people had been driven out in
consequence of the huVs gory enterprise at Aldford, in 1146.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ita

Z/(Z«r= Rhun ap O.G. The ac \Vlf>h of the text is an intcrest-
ing s'oss, unless we read: o ledrufl v,'yvranc RanwU )'n Rhyd —
the Rhyd bcinj; either R. Reon, or R. Alckit. seen. 34-1.
6r23 ? read: Prydein bcn-berchen //oe/zlawn yrf v)'S:
Nid ymSwg dillad na glas aesa.\vr,

na chrtlfh ehoepr wyg mor, neu lawr ;
Ncwd er5yd vorSwyd dros veirch Vaelavvr
o genedl Voelyrch. Er mor reidawl, etc.
Pry/fein's O7'er-/ort/ (O.G.) t'.t e^ier blithesoine: he bears nor mail,
nor shields of blue, nor armour coloured like sea-weed or ^^ass;
... as in ii. 85-35. Varwest; a string, band.

62'2 giuesl survives still in the cpds. 'pen-wax/,' a halter; and
62'5 Neu vi erthycheis yn eis rhajj hwyS, now, I breathed hard
against my side, i.e. / heard with pride. In other words the bard
was in sympathy with the Saxon. If this line is as it was or. wr.
there must be a lacuna here, but see ii. 84-43.
62-7 yn j'w5aniaw is metrically defective, see ii. 84-45.

Yspeil Taliesin deals witli Henry's expeditions to Wales
in 1 157, 1 165, and his troubles 'with his sons.

62-17 Eg : 'yng=(v)yngwrhyd. j^-f n. 54-26.

62-19 Pob an-wyl ni 5y-wyl i neges, the very shy will not see his
duty. But .ff^ ii. 1 12-4.

62-22 llyw can draeth, a reference to H.'s expedition in 1 157.

62-24 Gw/rth vy nw5 . . . pen maon, i.e. O.G.

62-25 ?fead: prei^ kt'yvtvn, onOyS re/n yw i arr'eu. JCt' ii. 1 14-13 ;
Girald. Cam., 371. If 'on//yt' is for 'on0y5,' '/ren' is tautologi-
cal ; but ash-tree = ' pren onnen.'

63-2 ? read: Gor Geriawg — gor-livawg, gor-lavar. r/. ii. 1 14-17.

63-3 goria-jj-rt, antcpn. of f.OrSwyre. Read : goria/z-n*. cp. Lat.
'qua-r^,' wh. shows that tlie noun res was subordinated in Lat.
speech, just as in English thini( is subordinated in ' some-thini^.'
see Prof W. M. Lindsay's Hist. Lat. Gram. This Lat. res
occurs in many W. words, such as ach-r,?, adarre, bic-r*', can-rf,
coch-r^, gweryd-re, ho\\-rc, pel-r^, tan-rr, yst-n". 63-4 ot//. or.

63-5 .? rfa;/.- anheSaC't, diffreidaO/. jz-f ii. 1 14-22. [wr. «.

63-7 yst\yned = association. 'i y%c\yvi<id, ravaginff.

63-9 .*" read: mal cyrchr/z cyvrin gwem a gweithen, as they are
advancing there is skirmishing in the alder copses, that beset
their progress. cp.\\.\\^-i%. K(a.)lhyl. ? metathesis for A//M —
i.e. Kynh(ent). Kyv-liO, earlier 'kyvliw' : kyvri//.

63- 10 ? read: moryawr, i.e. mawr-^wr, a hero.

B.T.

113 BOOK OF TA LIES IN

63- 1 1 ' echrtng ' suggests a scribal error for ethcZ/ng, Welsh, ediin.
ty/ g-Sadr. ? a metatli. o( go-tinfriwr. see ii. 1 14-30.

b. r('yf(yn)d//r a (lya('r. The internal rhyme, metre, and context
suggest 'rt rhw)'\r// ci/ra5ia«r.

63-13 ym powys . . . yn deuOy. The scr. has been mentally inter-
preting his text, and glossing instead of following it. For ym
p07vys read touyssci ; and for \\n de//Oy ' read ' e?' 5e«('y.' The
scr. is, app., thinking of Doleu Devwy, 55-21.

63-15 zSmxiSWH. Internal rhyme & sense requires aSun/S, 2 s.

/'. tut ynyf/1. tud yn\a\=a wild dis/ric/, a thing beloved of Tal-
iesin: 'tud yn \Ti\' = a place in Yale, wh. had belonged to I'owys.
Did Tal. wish to return as lord of a distri< t where once he had
served as a slave ? The internal rhyme requires jr/7=?an adj.,
meaning cultivated, see ii. 1 14-37.

63-21 .*" rend: Ac os y dygwy5 i la'w rhag Gw-en
ev gwne///id beir5/fl« byd yn TTawen.
And were his glaive to break against Giucn,
the 7uorlds bards would rejoice.

The Elegy 0/ Rhun son of Owein Gwyneb, who died in 1 146.
Metre and text are 7>ery corrupt.

63-25 ry-chanrtw/ ry-chwyna«/ should be I s. sec 64-3.

b. Gwr///odes go-g>;;^res Il'clyS-on, he checked, he made uncom-
fortable the men of 0'7cv/)'8 = Chester: metrically th requires an
answering explosive (jff). Correct 78-3, 79-3. see n.69-12.

64-1 ILiaws Run a Nuh a Nwython. In the Kulhwch story Gwyn
ap Nu5 kills Run ap Nwython, wh. may account for the asso-
ciation of the names here. KynSel sings of ' Eurgorv torv
teyrnas Nwython,' M. 151(1; and calls CadwaHon

'Gwr eil Vlei5, g\vrei5 gwrhyd Nwython,' the fosterling oj
Lupus, the source of the valour of N., M. 160/;. ? read:
ILiaws alaryn am Run vab Nwython ; but see ii. 64-4.

64-2 Ni oruchav %eir beirS i overthon, the bards testimony cannot
over-exalt his fine gifts.

64-5 ec: ^rnewic, (Lat. no7'ic-m%,) = anew land. ?o-r r\e\v\c = a-new.

64-6 x\y Siffyc ... ? read: neu-r Siffyg, &c. see ii. 8o- 1 2.

647 aOdy//. Or. wr. «. see ¥a.c. Read: adC'y/h. f = O.G.

64-7 teyrne5 (pi.), but 'yn y vyw ' is s. Read: ri, or ub GwyneS

64-8 deubyh, a gloss on hcnyw, 3 s. pres. Ind. oA hanvod.

64-9 Ni 5igonont hoffeS ; 6y buchynt, they may not satisfy their
affection, (for) they hankered after . . The cynghaneS is defective.
read: ? ni 5igawn hoffe5 Sawn a buchynt. see ii. 80-81 -15.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 114

64- 10 tra Phryde/n : Pryden. The countr>' eastward of the Wepre
brook was 'beyond' Pr)dc/n, Pr>'dfn, or Pryd^ — the spelling,
in the earlier poetry, depends on the exigencies of cynghane5.

64-12 arwaOr. ? «. f rciui: a rytharv Uwr ac an' ryvarnher.

64-13 ? read: am en<-inad yng-//yw/ad ar Elved (w/u-n they hear)
of the anointing in the country bordering on Elinet. Elniet sur-
vives in West Riding place-names on the Cheshire border.
Rybarn app. suggested ygnad, wh. Rhun never was. cp. ii. 80. '

b. fread: ni-d idngwr di-law8(/a/yn-aered. iang = ? it'anc + gwr.

c. d»ilaCi . . . E»eichaOg. » = erasures.

64-16 read: ndc i-m u5 nuc i-ch u5 dar-wetter, neither to my chief,
nor to yours, is much spoken. We cannot construe ' neut . . .
nac'. seen.7-i(). c/. ii.80-27. \seen.8oii

64-18 chwec-hach it gynan : Hweccach had g<Tiaw = i5aw genaO.

6419 tc_jTne5. Or. \vr. J. MS. = tey«ne5. j<"c Facsimile.

64-20 in prose ^M^] y mftg heul hav huenyS, velly y mAg me5
sone5 gan mwyhav. Ys cenhedy5
gan Soeth y-gan goeth lu eilassav.

64-22 .'' read: Bint 5erwy5 vyd«'y5 it bryd hav. The forms byd-
eliiw 47-1, and bydiTn are scr. errors. Correct ii. 80-37, and see
n. 46-16. The honey of the oak-swarms was deemed the best.

64-23 ? read: Pryd mab Heenawg am ffrawd buarth,

the bard will sing of the agitation of the camp.
lliawc :jrru\\t, i.e. ffrawd. Correct ii.8o-38.
b. Hamg(vj01. a is faint. 'gOnngOres' is one word in MS.

64-25 ? read: heb 7i'all gwarth, without the reproach of failure.

64-26 nyt : n(amyn yng-h)yd. amescut : am-yscw(y)d. y-ga(5 :
y-ga«; or Namyn amyscwydant gan/ y gywlat. ('/. ii. 82.

65-2 march-tnvst. ? a gloss on carnial.

b. Moryal. I have found this word only here, in B.B.C. 63-5,
and in the echo of older things in P. 4-14, 16-31. Edw. Lhwyd
records a Bryn Morial n.e. of Oswestry. It apparently means
the Greater Ki:j/f = the Maelors.

65-3 ? read: o Gaer Glut hyd yn-hut Kaer Garawc, from Atdford
to the territory of Ou'r Oarawg, i.e. to the banks of the Conwy.
Correct Cl'uyd into Clud in ii. 82-49.

65-4 tir pen-prys. Prys : prysc, brushwood, enters into place
names all over Wales, and the border country, as in !'rees-gwyn.
Pen prys in ILanvwrog, Pen prysc in IL. y byther, Tre-brys
in Bettws Ivan. Here, it may be merely descriptive of a district.

B.T. E

115 nOOK OF TAI.IRSTN

65'6-23 This appears to be the first song of Taliesin to O.G. It has
a note reminiscent of the song of the Wind^ and of the Festival.

65-9 nyt . . nyt ny . . ny. The /A///t;j-i'(/ negatives destroy the sense.
f read: ys mawr yni ilawr byth . . . ys dv attaSunt, ganthunt y
bySav. see ii. 94'9.

65-10 Read: ni chyrchav Ogleb, I will not go to Gogleb. Correct
ii.94'13. Tal. was, app., at or near Basingwerk, tlien under the
■ sway of O.G , but GogleS, i.e. Ches. was still under its carl.

65-1 1 Gaulish inagos yields Xom. »ia, Gen. mei, N. pi., me\ in Welsh.

65-16 Teyrne5 pod ieith, it oH y5 ynt geith. Norman, Flemish,
Saxon, Northmen, Irish are included here. ep. B. 321-26; ceith,

65-17 ragot, on thy aeeount. jff ii. 96-31. [n. 46-4.

65-18 //el« : f/yl/v. henOn : hen^/rwm. j^^ ii. 96-34.

65-20 a ga^f suggested by 'meint'; context requires 'a garav.'

65-21 canant : ? /annant, scatter; but see ii. 97-43.

65-24 . . . Mancnat Krov. This poem is not an elegy, marwnad,
but a paean of rejoicing over the submission of John to the Pope,
and at the removal of the interdict. B. 344'33, 349' 1 4-

65-26, 666 Err<£'(lflF), a sc. er. for Y^xov = Heroh, the true \V. form
of Herod = John here. cp. n.66-4, and see 47-1 1-14.

66- 1 Read: y-mordei i ysrwyd arnaO a dorrid. see B.349- 1 6-25 ; LI.639.

66-4 Ercwl/: Ercwl/, i.e. Hercules. The/ and ^are misreadings
ofyi John sent a fruitless embassy to Morocco, hence the refer-
ence to the cols, of Hercules, cp. B. 349-3. bt'idei ; or. wr. /.

66-5 Read: Nid aeth neb \r nev (because of the interdict) hyd i
ivrhdd ev. The 'hyd y5 aeth (reptn.) ev,' accounts for the rubri-
cator's manvtiad. Correct ii. 142-18.

66-7 yn ?'ndaOt : ^f/yndaOt, blessedness. [B. 349-8.

66-9 Croget yn Lloeger . . wr arberchawc . . Madawc ap Maelgwn.

66-10 Du d(i)nas tdxyffeh : oeh Oas e«ry/"e5 o gamp a chyr5e5,
minstrelsy. cy;//&e5 : ?cyr«0e5 : cyr^'weS : cyr8e5, to/ jc^ ii. 1 38.

66-1 1 Read: o-i lawr . . .for (or away from) his country he became
a hostage. Correct ii. 138-6, 139-6.

66- 1 3 f read: Tristid an- wogawn ivnaeth Erov greulawn. cp. ii. 1 38-9.

66- 1 5 Read: cys/fg ar y byd am vedy5 ar gryd, the world is afflicted
because of the instability of baptism, see B. 344-33; LI. 619.

66- 1 8 . . . History in this poem is clear and authentic. It tells
of the ^ spreading flood'' of discontent at the lawless tyranny of
John = Corro''.. [Blathnat intrigued with Cuchulinn, who killed
her husband CCiroi (Corroi)]. LVn ap for. figures as Cocholyn

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ii6

at CiTS- The only analogy app. is this : Ll'n helped to smash
John's /07(vr, though he was his son-in-law, daw. John had been
declared 'King of Ireland' in 1 177 and sent thither in 1 188. 'Mar-
C'na(5t' (1. 24) shows that 'MarC'nat' is wrong; f read: Mar///a('t.
Sir John Rhys has published a romantic translation of this |x>eni in .\rch.
Camb. for January 1892. p.67; and his friend. I'rof. Kuno Meyer, dales the
poem "from the ninth century."! Cym. Trans. 1895-96. p. 71.

66- 1 8-24 Dvffynhawn . . . dy 5aw, reptn. for '/' Saw", tp. 1. 26, dy
Xlyr, for 'y Ilyr. The large initial D overlays they in Di-ffynha&n.

6622 Mab Aiiri [ = mab //arri, /.<•. John] Salei lyw y Ueheu = Rhys
Gryg. B.349-28, 35 ft 1. ar-vor, marilime, is a gloss on Deheii.

i)i>-z^ dy^reu : De//eu, the scribal br being a reptn. from dy^rys.
Sir John Rhys equates dybreu with Dm'er.

66"25 to (iT2y 'dyvrys Deheu . . . niyned trevy5,' refer to the dir-
vawr lu that ILewelyn led to S.W. see H. 354'i 1 to 355'6.

67- 1 gOra\verescyn[gylchynUeheu]m(/('ry varanres . . sec ii. 144-15.

67-3 a[eth]ant wy (la/res \re {} vrodyr vro) \Vyniony5. jtvB. 355.
GwynionyS Castle is on Cod-Vol, above IL. Uyssul.
b. Tra vu vu5ugre vore 6ug awr, '.chile there was a victory, one
morning news was brought . . . -re, sec n. 633; cp. ii. 144-18.

67-7. CCiyn. Or. wr. Kor Y.

bT<)-\y The Harrying of the coast-line, 'dy-lan' is here, app.,
neither a personal, nor a place-name. John's 'great onslaught on
Ll'n rcsoh'ed itself into an order to the fleet assembled at Chester
to sail around the North- Welsh coast, &• inflict as much damage

67-10 swynas. cp. dwT swyn, holy water. [tis possible. LI.639.

67-12 Gwrthriv Gwas Tra^-M, gwenwyn a wnaeth — gweith gwyth-
lone5. (jwana/ dylan, adwythig Ian, drcisyn yn hydrweS. Tom
IwerSon, a thorj' Vanaw, iyhiiw Oglc6. The hostile force of the
Comes Litoris roused discontent — the fruit of eril passion.
The coastline was pierced, and the harassed sea-board pillaged
ruthlessly. A cre^u from Ireland and a crew from Man set sail
to Gogleh, i.e. Chester. LI.639. Correct ii. 140 & 141-10-19.

67-13 ^ythlone5. Or. wr. 6, but altd. by scribe.

67-14 Iwer5(7//. Or. writing faint but legible, despite the retracing.

67-15 'orv Prydcin (B. 319-22-34) yn 'pctware6' : yn pe/ri//;//c5.
see B. 350-14-19, and ii. 140-22.

Elegy to Owe in GwyneS.

67-18 ap Urien does not occur elsewhere in Tal. The ap is unin-
telligible here. Urien might be a gloss on Owein. Cynghane5
and metre make both impossible.

B.T.

117 BOO/C OF TA LIES IN

67- 1 8 rcx\ antcpn. of nid. Read: «^r = bp. of Banjjor. see Intro.

xxiv-v, & n.69'9. Ren, i.e. riien is a dissyllable always.
67-19 ae cu5 tom clas. O.G.'s tomb is within Bangor Cathedral.

b. gCbOyllit. or. wr. (' ; Read : o.
67-20 Tal. calls O. the life-blood of poetry; & KynSel sings:
Am Owein Gwyne5 yd gwynant . . .
car cerheu cerhorion ramant. M. 151-53.
67-21 escyll : estil > Lat. /utstil-a, a javelin.
67-23 geveilat : Geveiladc. cissylut : eissylrtut, a ser. er. for

eisorawd. .ri-t- ii. 125-10. cp.^G-y.
i)T2^ pan la5awd. na5 = /<7 beat, ilrive hard, to kill.
67-26 f read: A-r rhei ni ffoynt haeach oe5 ynvyttach f/n-(5areid,

■were foolisher derring-dos. cp. ii. 1 24- 1 6.
6S-3 K)t as cronnei mal caled, tho'' he hoarded like a skin-flint.

The Island Dread refers to the conflict between Rhodri,
David, and Llewelyn ap Jorwerth, ugj-gy.

68-7-9 yMenei 5or . . . rewinetor. For the triumph of Ll'n at the
passage of the Menei, and the ruin of David, see LI. 589 and (. nn.
b. TIeweis win . . . gan %>rawd escor. .' a reference to the new
year's feast of 1 174 (56633-19; Intro, .r.r.r?'). David was uterine
brother to Rhodri. If Tal. wrote this poem he was alive in 1 197,
which is disputable, see n. 42-6. The metre is too late for Tal.

68-9-22 Tristlawn . . . rhychitor. Rhodri d. 1195; Or., abbot of
Strata Marcclla, d. 1196; Lord Rhys in 1 197; and O. Keveliog
in 1 1 98. The stanza following points to the Lord Rhys as the
person meant, ^y). B. 340. The (/(Aw of 1. 1 1 is Gr. ap Kynan
ap O. G. see n. 68-19. cp. Hebrew adon, Addan, Addon & Iddo.
Does 'afdon' occur outside this poem? Tff,, -[g,

68-11 gwlad Gwydion = country between Gwrvei and the ILyvni.

68-12 Gwenwyn, Plague. In 1 197 'bu dirvawr dymhestl o varwol-
aeth ar hyt Ynys Prydein . . . ymSangosses Atropos . . . dwywes
. . . wcmuynic nerthoeh. 3.339-26-31.

68-13 pe//noeth meinoeth : bewnoeth mein/oeth, i.e. mein_i,''oeth.
see ii. 134. Prof J.M.J, falls into a strange er. here. Gram. p. 93, v.

68-14 3c e;/uyd . . ryd eluinor : a ce«uyd . . ry-delui uov, i.e. Math
a gen^'yS hud-wyr celvyS, ry-6ehvyn ?'or. Math perceives crafty
enchanters, who hephantoin the sea. cp. n.3- 1 ; ii. 1 34-3 1 -39 ; W. B.97.

68-16 ioxac ?r6ad_)'ramaeth-on = .' lord of husbandry, x^oX a person.
Similarly govan-on ( = ? lord of the metal worker) seems to be
another of the professional names of the crafty Cwydion.
cp. n. 3-2; correct 134 and 135-32.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ii8

68-19 cu/-yn- : cuo'n- : cun /yn-aeth wy = /or(/n/'/?/>i-C>^May, (in

IL. Wnda psh.) = ? the home of (Jr. ap Cynan ap O. G.
68-24 yrac bud-was, for 'rac but-t-zV-Has,' regent, which John was

during Richard's absence in, France, cp. cynweisat, t,\-2^.*
68-26 ae t« /erra : ae t/Vet ta = ae dircS da. Correct ii. 136-63.

b. (p)e</eir : y teir niorwyn, the Fates, see H. 339-29.
6g-l wedy e« cwyn : wedy e//-cwyn, after the allolnient (of hfe).

ancwyn in the laws = an allotment of provision for private use.
69-3 dim gofet/ra : go-fet//a, nothing that fails, cp. ii. 136-72.
69-8 aedon : adon ; see n.68-9-22. Gr. ap Kynan ap Owein G.

'held Mon,' 1 195-1200. see LI. 589.
69-9 This Elegy to O.G., like that to his son Khun, is full of diffi-
culties. The metre prcmes the te.rt to lie corrupt.
The reader shall Iwar four things in mind; i. ilie i|UiUTcl of King and
Ch. with O.U. over the appointment of a bp. to Ilan^or; 2. b>et»et.-n the CTi.
and O.G. over his wife Cristin ; 3. the excommunication of O.G. by Canter-
bury and Rome, and the disregarding of this by the Bangor clergy; 4. O.G.'s
offer of help to France against t'.ngland.
69-9 teryb gwawd. cp. taro tant y delyn ; and Grttk pteclron.
i. fedyS. In front oft/ the scr. began an e, which was natural
after a word ending in/=t'. [I'oya^e.

69- 1 o dyd rw)!5£7/. cp. Duw yn rhwy5 i chi ; rh»-y5-deb iwch, hon
69- 11 Can Ergrynu, being intrans., have a pass, form in -adrt;
the rhyiTie condemns cune5a7'. .' read: cyvryngawd cun-e5aw^
gi-eiscry5, the prince-appointcil Ifi. Tfill make intercession, cun,
chief, prince; cun-e5 = ///V prerogative; cun-e5-awg = ii'/;<i/ /)<-/--
tains to his prerogative, see List of Elisions. (to .Mcir.

69-12 Kaer JKeir : K. Keir, i.e. Bangor cathedral, wh. is dedicated
b. achaer liwelyb : a-cher;> lyw elvyi. cp. llyw bydoeh = ILew-
elyn, M. 2\2b-y). The Kair ligualid oi Harl. MS. 3859, fol. 195,
is possibly a cpd. of ILi -K". wely5, /the stream of the Laches.
PrydyS y-Mochnant knew this to be Chester. Witness:
ILiwelyS lettawd dy voliant, ILcwelyn ! P. 166 25.
Ltiwelyi will spread wider thy fame, IJe-welyn. M. 21 2(1-47.
Here we have a pointed reference to the alliance of Ll'n with the
earl of Chester, whose nephew and heir, Kanulf, married the
daughter of Ll'n. There was also political co-operation Ijclwccn
them; see LI. 657. GwcryR, 18-6, is inferentially a variant of
(;we/y5-on 64-1 ; see Intro, x-i'ii-.n'iii; nn. 13-7, 18-6.
69-12 Read: Ergry///aw5, cyvadaw5 gyvcrgyr j
cyd gwaneg i ennyn tan tra myr:
He htts gro^vn old, and quitted the field of buttle ;
still, he proceeds to kindle rebellion oj'er seas. Correct ii. 1 20-6.

B.T.

119 HOOK OF TA LIES IN

69-13 an-wan-eg. The scr. halted between anvon and ^wancg-\\.
69-14 ymhwel i'cM, i.e. excommunication, sec Intro, xr?'., n. 69-9.
69-16 gOw. see Fac. If 'gC'wpl;//' be the right emendation here,

the m..in explain the telescoping.
69-17 (GO)is-w«/ : ys ceneinx. veir5 cywrcint gar on0y5; marw tii

nav . . . lite skilled bards were wont to celebrate the warrior^ but

it is the beloved chief that I lament. Cor. ii. 122& 123-13-14, q.v.
69-ig te\v6or tof 8-un ; reptn. /vVW.- tewSor v//. ff^ ii. 122-15.
b. ((/>'-(r)hyfal {dychyfun dy/yn-)\&% dyfyn-gleis dychyfwn. We

have here a wild example of the scribe's muddling powers.

Read: haval /^eis « dyvn-gleis dychyflfr/n. j'fd' ii. 122-16. cp.
ILyw bydoe5 — \icd]3yA,d-d.'7'n a beis . . M. 212^-39.
69-20 ymadraw</ : ymadaw.

b. Vd5edaw</' is a bogus form, for '///5eda\v,' to cover.
69-21 ys ky//ya/ cunfdaf for ys c)rryad, cu n^^Sad, He was shrir'cn,

and lovingly given sanctuary, cp. Kyrraw B.B.C.8r8. [122-20.
69-22 f read: cyn cwys^</_>'«-hudwed — i wyneb a gadwed. cp. ii.
69-24 Dy-chludent 8/ ' wyr Bryneich,' a gloss on ArSunwent, Mold.

sec: Intro, xviii ; 13.314-11-19.
69-26 g&//ebryyt. Hybrid form — might be ii, or u.
70-1 Head: Ceinan am 7'ed . . . wrangle around the ^rave. cp. yrn-

gerySu ac ymgeinaw = convicia cum castigantibus verbis. Hist.

Regum Brit. (Giles) p. 154; B. 1844. Cp. also King John,

1 find the people strangely f;intasied ;
Possessed with rumours, full of idle dreams,
Not knowing what ihcy fei\r, but full of fear. I\*. ii. 1. 144.
No scope of nature . . no customed event
But they will pluck away his natural cause. III. iv. 1.154.
b. noc adC'yt : wo caSOyt = n/ chat'l)yd, worse dastardy there never
was, (lit. 'could not be had'). •

702-6 Cune5ay! No person of this name is known. Cadwallon
ap Gr. ap Kynan had a son 'CuneSa,' B. 317, but the rhyme de-
mands a final v here. Read: vyn cu nav, i.e. vynghu nav, my
beloved lord. cp. marw cu nav 69-18. The cun-e5-avf of 69-11
accounts for all the CuneSavs. cp. Intro, x.viv.
70-3 (jT'Orn : .'' aw v^zrwn, but see ii. 122-30.

70-4 gOaOt ... a rifaf. Context suggests : GweStt;;'d veirS Prydcin,
goriein a gav, ac erchyll yr erwyll a rythav, Frydein's bards are
dispatroned, lamentation I find, and fearful the gloom that holds
my gaze, ri/av : ?ri^v, a possible form for 'ry/Ztav.' cp. ii. 122.
70-6 .*" read: Rhyvei5aw5 . . . can gorvyn cyn cymun (//Ti'eSav he
dared . . . a hundred combats before his last communion; or, we
may read: vynghu nav; see n. 70-2.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 120

707 Rywa/ei : ry/;ni/ei = rynTanfei, ranaflei, //(•rt';'-'»Vi<i"</a//;o»^«j.
b. edy(r)flra('/ : eSystraOr, steeds. Prof. J.M.J. (Gram. 2o8-i)
classifies e5ystrrj(5/& f,oxwyha6l with the pi. /-stems, like pysojtf/.
But the pi. is eSystrrfdr, as in A. 54. At 366 of Tal. read: A rith-
wys or\vy5</(5r yar oz-IaOr Pryderi lys, he enchanted horses upon
the high ground of I'ryderi's court. ' yar' implies a cpd. of 'llawr.'
Gor-iinor aptly describes the site of I'.'s court; see n. 367; but
} llog-{\)a.\\r, i.e. ground within a palisading; cp. Hoc, a hurdle-
pen. The / of /lagaOt is antcpn. of /'{ryAcn). ehyalrudt, gor-
wy5«<5/, plagiiTi/t are, all tliree, bogus forms, cor. ii.62, 63-19.

70-9 o gre^ur) : ? ogre//, i.e. hogrell, a youth, cp. hogerel, hog-yn,
hog-lanc, 'a wi5wn yn oc,' 11-25.

70-1 1 f read: ITuSwyj ve5ei gywlad rhag^rt/, he crushed the owner
of a border country because of treachery, see ii. 122-42.

70- 1 5 «c/;yfatcun (jt/;al : c^yhtcun tal : cy/ryht cun tal-gC'in.

b. g<5in. 6 : /' with metath. = bing, bench, A..S. bene; \V '///einc'
cp. tal being a 5yly, the top end of the bench he deserres, A. 1 2-8.

70-17 In the 12th cy. a clan moved 'bag& baggage' from one dis-
trict to another, cp. Bruts 307-5-7.

70-19-21 Thcso lines tjcir signs of iKring corrupted under the influence of the
Geoffrey cult, which over-uht-lna-d Kyniric tr.iditions enrly in the .xiiith cy.
plo ; bIo = bro is i\ siirviv.il. .-xnil lir a gloss on it. ? read:
Seith o /;// Rodri 5yrchavyssi(/

/Jnarawd, Idwal Voel, a Meurig;

Idwal a lago o vro Brydyn ;

Cynan a Griffyb iyjfei ar hyn.
' Seven have been raised from the race of Rho<lri — .Vn.onwvd, Idwal Voel. and
Meurig; Idwal and lago from the region of I'rydyn; Cynan and (iriffilh
came after these.' Thus restored we have sense, good history-, and the true
ancestry of the ' seventh ' = Gr. ap Kyn,in, of whose lime the |K>el sings.
The at)Ove lines ,-u-e not in ii. 150, as I failed lo twig their meaning in lime.

70-22 (dy)dcruyd : tyrvid hyd vala-on. The I'enryn lUataon of
B.292-24 is the peninsula of Wirral, wh. is in Gogle5 = lhe earl-
dom of Chester. Blataon is possibly a scr. er. for bala-on,
the outflows of Dee and Mersey.

70-22 Order of words transposed ; read: yniReilhig vyS i hijelion =
Gr. ap Kynan & Kadwgan ap lile5yn who lied to Ireland. B. 273-5.

70-23 IluScdig eu haxnLiyn = n gloss for marchogion. see ii. 150-8.

70-24 (gwlad , . .) collawd gymyrrc5 o estrig lyi'rei y pcnnaeth
weison (Kymry . . .) will lose its status from the run-away
cowardice of the young princes. B.273. ry-gyst-lyne5 = (j///iim-^,
but ? r)'_f--_)'j/-ly//e5, metath. for_yj'//7^= estrig lyi/reS. <-/.ii. 150-1 1.

B.T.

i:i BOOK OF T A LIES IN

70- 26 Llyiiiinawg, scr. er. for Lleimxwg, north of Beaumaris.

71 1-6 refer to the incursion of the earls of Chester and Shrewsbury into Angle-
sey in 1098. Hugh, the proud, landsat .M)er Lleinogami iwnetratesMon.
Magnus arrives suddenly out of the sea-mists, and kills Hug^h. The .\nglo-
French retire, and Gr. .I'p K. returns, see B. 273, and the Chroniclers.

71-3 refers to Magnus, and should come after I.4.

71-6 ? read: Mar///a\vd uchel ben, the Hammering, or Fall of the
High Chief, i.e. Hubert de Burgh.

There is no excuse for turning the adj. uthyr, mod. uthr, into the romantic
Uthyr or Uther, much less for adding dragon to pen. App., 'uthjT' is
an er. for uchel. the adj. wh. denotes all high ofiicers of state. Correct
title, ii. 144 and 145. The poem was app. wr. in 1233. after the revolt
(trydar, I.7) of Ll'n. The influence of the Mabinogi is traceable throughout.

717 / Read: Myvi vum yn Hiaws trydar, / was in many a tumult.

7I7-1I ni pheidwn rhag ITu heb wyar, / could not desist without
(a taste of) the blood of the opposing host. ra.c = against, as well
z.% be/ore. 'deu lu.' cp.B. 36333.

71-10 a-in rhithwy, doAwy ynghawcK, he, ^i<ho will enchant me,
will place me in a creel, ii. 1446. cp. Hanes Taliesin, p. 265.

71-1 2-1 5 (. . . . vy a)r/dessur : ci'fessur .... (I defended) reason-
ably the friends of the hated lord on his coanishment. cas nur is
William de Breos (Junior). This 'scion of a hated stock,' was ■
hanged by Llewelyn, who remained friendly with the Breos
family. 6.365-25; LI. 670-671.

71-14 Gwytliur led Crei5ylad to his home, but Gwynn ran away
with her, \V. B. 496. OwyXi\wx = Llewelyn who married Joan,
with whom \V. de Breos intrigued in 1230.

71-14 Read: cleSyval hydr rhag maer Cawr-nur, daring the fight
against the steward of the puissant lord. Mrtrr= Hubert de
Burgh, the justiciar of Henry iii., who is the Cawr-nur of our te.\t.
Ll'n swept over South Wales and did as depicted in 11. 16-18.
j^'f B. 365-366; LI. 672-674.

71-19 in prose='^\y\'\ a ro5eis gleSyvawd i Henben, y gorvawr
gynghallen, / administered a blow to the old chief, the High Coun-
sellor, i.e. Hubert de Burgh, who was deprived of power in 1231,
and of the office of Justiciar in 1232. Dicty. N.B. see nn.72-i-4.

71-20-22 Based on W.B. 90-91.

71-23 Read: Midwyv var5 moladwy, cywreint,

gin am vraenat eryr guytheint : see ii. 147-26 -27.
G-wydion a-i deubu, yng Him ;?eint,
ban ymbyrth yr hwch, ymhylgeint,
ar ^'ig pu'dr syrth rhwng dwy-geinc.
Dringaw i nev^'S ev vy hwant,
mal eryr, rhag ovn am-heirant.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 122

Gwydion came to him in the ravines of Cim where the sow, at
dawn, was feeding on the rotted flesh falling atween the branches.
To ascend to heaven like an eagle is my desire for fear of fitlint;
into decays, ref. to the fall of Hubert de Burgh, see n. 7 1-19.
Correct ii. 146 and 147-27-33.

Avagddu is a syll. loo lont;. The W. B. version has Gwydion.
ygym-enU = yngHim (n)cim. I'ont y Cim spans the Llyvni within a short
distance of the (^'lynog-Carnarvon road; Cini farm Imrtlcrs the stream.
' Llain yr H wch, a field-name on Kilhinog Wen, lies on the right hand of
the lane leading from Pont y Cim towards Bryii Gwydion.

72'2 Wyv bar5, ac wyv telynawr; wyv pibyS, ac wyv crythawr
ar seith ugein cer5awr 5ir gorvawr gynglialTcn ;
/galchvri 5ivreinad — /Ju escyll ledcinad.
/ am a bard and a harpist, a piper and crowder — (I am better)
than the seven score minstrels of the High Counsellor. He is
shorn of his great glory. The wings of doom are spread. With
Cynghall-(tn cp. cynghellaur (B.Ll.D. 12010), & the vernacular
call hen. William of Longchamp, bp. of Ely & justiciar ostenta-
tiously ' Icep a band of minstrels.' Y.P. p. 1 15. I find no such
record of other chancellors. j.r^ nn.7i-i9, 724. D.N.U.

72-4 Read: J'/e7> 5yverwad verTi'/ 5ewinda*

ar vlaen vyn-havawd i draethu marthawd. Correct ii. 146-37-38.
May the cauldron that was boiled so long concoct witchery
on the tip of my tongue to declare the fall, see 11.147-37-40.
dyiiah, antcpn. of </i'7/eirdnat : dyve«r»;/at. dy veir reptn. of dy-
TwVdnat. i^ubert was not dead but fallen, so that manvnat
lacks both fact and rhyme.

72-9 dt'//- metath. for Aue- for d(a)d<'lwch, {e)lwch amhad.

72-10 pleh metath. for pc/it : pent = pery5. am garr = anga<5r.
b. gaer. A'aer yn thaer. reptns. Read : roed yn e/a(5r.

72- ri order of words confused, j*'^ ii. 148-7 ; cp. B. 356.

72-12 am g>;^rei. metath. & er. for Timgryfpix, hastened on mi u,ui.
b. o5uch ITceu : oSuch ny(r)eu en Ilestreu Ilad, aboT'e, i.e. beyond
the tidal reaches.

72-14 am-Hanogan, a metath of a/ .1/anogan. ap ,1/— often
becomes am-H — as ain-Hcurig, am-Horgan, etc.

72-15 Ynys ve/ \'e/i. antcpn. rt-(/i/ ' ve/.' Some such scr. er. is the
source of the 'Ynys vel' in the Triadic xiiith ey. compilations,
and in the later versions of the liruts.

72-17-20 Pymp pennaeth = 1. William i.; 2. William ii. ; 3. Hcnr>- i. ;
4. Stephen ; 5. Henry ii.; 6. r>-\c5 ri= Henry, eldest son of Henry
ii. ; 7. Richard ; 8. John = Z^'«.r.

B.T. F

123 ROOK OF TALIESIN

72-19 fread: \ wtryA AvosW, his gra-'c biyond //le sea. Richard's
body was buried at Font-Evraud ; his heart at Rouen.

72-20 linx has been interpreted as 'Hin deg^ as if .v could represent
/fg in a mutated form 1 The numeral is .r. x without the stop
after it, is .r and notliinj; else. By linx is meant John — an im-
pression of his seal shows a leopard, a fit symbol of his character.

72-21-22 G y n t Hae5 c-/ dren£ i : Ireland will rend tlie air after Ids
Yd lavar Eryri — death and F.ryri's ansii.'ering

anhawS i dewi. shout will hardly fie hushed.

lolwn Eloi Let us beseech the Lord,

pan vom </an geli when here beneath the sky,

a5ev nev 5ini-bi. that the heaven-home be ours.

7'enni : «en/;i = ? /reni.'i. GnUvawrKryn^Fryri will be called.
Galwaw/ ar Eryri = will call unto Eryri. gly wawr ar E., i.e. The
gentile shout a'/// (^£' //t'an/ c« Eryri. 'carreg /aivir' = echo,
the meaning app. implied here. _^n : n'an geli, sub Jove.
Si'wbi = 5i-w, to us, the infixed pro. n becomes ni before fi.
Lines 21-22 were crowded out of ii. 148 to preserve the syninielry of p. 150.

72-25 KafTael : cael_y« g., recei'idng (back) our hostages.

72-26 dybySant. cp. 74-13-19 ? read: dychwelunx cyvrysseS ....
deSvon. Jfi? B. 271-18-24 ; 273-15-22.

73-1 deu,?-«/7 luy5ant = Gr. ap Kynan, and Kadwgan ap BleSyn.

73-3 Keredigyazan is a gloss on Kad. ap BlcSyn's territory.
ma-0!i = \a.nA lords, or holders of territory.

73-4 wyr ryn for ? gryn wyr, a good many men, but see ii. 15210.

73-5 avon, a gloss on Teivi. The antithesis of trdni is lion, in
allusion to the feasting on the Teivi. B. 281-19.

73-6 gwnant aer ar vrys am lys Lonion = \\\t Kenarth bychan of
B. 281, wherefrom O. ap Kadwgan abducted Nest. Lonion = old
parish of St. Mary, of wh. Pem. Dock is a part. It extends
from the Ferry to the old castle of Pembroke, the site of which
would be aptly described by 'Cenarth bychan.' Mr. Phillimore
favours Penar, a short distance down the Pem. river, see n. 38-1 1.

73-6 fread: geu ni-s edewis yn oscorSion, the false one did not
leave as champions. . . .

73-9 Read: Ban 5yvu Gadw^wn dros eigawn i BoT.uys,
athrevnwys a/;ne5 yn ar5 Verion
When Kadwgan came by sea (to Powys) he arranged a home in hilly
Merion. cp. man-gre 6.284-14. 'fznerSon' is a gloss on 'eigawn.'
cp. KadwgaCn ac Owein a ffoassant i ."Kber Dyvi, [mywii] Uong a oed yn
[Aber Teivi], a dalhoed o Iwerdon ycliydic kyn no hynny, a ch)'\'newit
yndi. B. 28328 ; Most)-n MS. 116. Kadwgan did not go to Ireland at all at
this lime, and Owein did not go directly. 3.284-25.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 124

7310 Kei«- : Keiwyadon= Ithel, Madawg & Uchtryd. U.282-4.

73-11 w/arc/wit/f = Gerald Ystiwert. 13.283-20. ///o/» : ILonyon, /. 6.

73-12 Idwal : It/iel a.'p Ririd. an-wynn-ion, un-bUssed, guilty.

73-13 pel-n-. cyngliane5 demands pell-f/;. cp. n.63-3.

73-14 y gatli vreith = A'o/an/. Catli vreith, c. penvrith, c. paluc — all
\.\\\^^ = leopard. '■^ Fale, a term in heraldry, O.K. pul, means a
stripe; paluc may be derived from this." Q.
b. anghyvieithon, foreigners, i.e. all who could not speak Welsh.
My compositor insisted on 'anghyvreithA'n' in ii. 152-25.

73'24 gywychavael : ? dyrch-, or arych-avael.

74-1 ? read: y gwr ae crewys, ev ganvys a wnaeth.

743-5 Read: Duu> culwy5 .... Dinu dovyS.

74-7 u5u ona5u = older forms of u5u///, o na5u///. ip. Il.U.C. n.4'j-5o.

74-8 eissy(/y5 : eisilly6, offspring, cp.y 1-22.

74-10 read: a alwav pop /y5, every day.

74-20 o rana(n)/ o //iant. melath.for o rana/ /jo//iant, for

o r/nat noviant (500 ships) by enchantment float.

O vrithjiv rhithc5, Out of the varied web of enchantment,

nid oes n/' ve5<'8. there is nothing you cannot have.

Lines 20-21 are, it seems, 'old Irish' (.Skene, F.A.H. ii.421). Still
they make excellent Welsh. We have reptns. of b in irithoi . . .
*rithi ; and of/ in brith/' . . . brith/. (b) ritho/ : rithct = rithe6.
N« : nit. Nucdi : n/ ve5i, older svhyh, 2 sing. pres. Indicative.
(With ve5t-5, ip. buche-6 and bucly5, l'ouysst-6 and PoHyss_)-6).
Iiritn.\n/r«i (reptn.)/or Brithfn-i. cp. Mon-i75-4; j)'i(h)edi-edi,
metath. for yse.&\c e;^i. euroi spelt backwards = ioruf, a South
Walian gloss on eiii= ivy. The Uichanals nie ivy,

and tht-ir inspired fury was. by some, t>elievcd to lie due to the exciting and
inlo.xic.ititig proiierties of the plant. Golden Bough, vol. i. p. 135.

74-23 a-r weryl, i.e. a rywc-rid X-wmpei, //f, who would have been
delivered, fell= Hugh of .Montgomery. Correct ii. 176 & 177-26.
^cwmpo' is the living form of the Uicty. 'c\vrmpa\v.'

74-23 gwaeH hir rac Gorman, app. an allusion to i\\c alMuiaiic cry
at Maes Garmon, near Mold.

74-24 a chynan = .' ach, or ap Cynan, but see ii. 176-30.

74-26 Read: Geir wybr gcr5 tJovyf), the firniainent chants the can-
ticles of the lj)rd. The marks " indicate transposition of the words.

75-1 eil echwy5, fosterling of the West, i.e. the Irish-bred Or. ap
Kynan. j<-<-n.76-6. <;;*. O. Ir. </// 'esca'; Lat. al-erc, to nourish.
" If eil bears the meaning you assign to it, it is prob. a genuine
Celtic word. cp. Ir. nUm /foster; Ir. :ihnm, rearing ; Ir. altru,
foster father=0.\\. altraw." Q,

B.T.

125 BOOK OF TALIESIN

75-2 ? read: Ban vyh beuv; llawn //yr, Hrython a-r j;yrchir.

When the tide fills the bay, the Hrython will be attacked.
beu, a bay, > F. bale ; L. L. baia. cp. peues, a country, < V.pays;
Lat. pagus. Correct ii. 176 and 177-39-40.

75-6 pedeir ieith, i.e. Saxon, French, Irish, Welsh.

b. f read: Dyvi di vurt'ch vreith a wnaho gwyn-eith. There
will come against the brindled C07u ( = French ; cp. bi6 n. 39-14).
one who will work '■deliverance^ (? '■havoc'). Having regard to
the way Hugh the proud ?cc\i\ his men met their end havoc, slaugh-
ter would suit the meaning oi guyn-eith. cp.nn. 1-28, 429, 56-24.

75-7 Translate : That which 7vill low at dawn will seethe at eve.
What will be boiled on land will be eaten at sea. ii. 1 79-53-56.
Read: Ar dir verwhitor rtr T'cr yssitor. ii. 178-55-56.

75-10 Magnus departed suddenly of his ow-n accord. B.273-19.

75- 1 1 ven///yt : v enwyt, nietath. for (t-)// mynet, with reference to
the departure of the Anglo-French element in Mon. In ven/wyt
the second limb of/; and the / are wr. over an erasure.
b. dragwywawl : dragwySawl,/;);' <rjrr. Correct ii. 178-62.

75-12-14 These lines refer to King Rich.'s imprisonment in Austria,
tynghettor : tynghrtor. see n.75-19.

75-19 Creu5yn = thecountryunder&behind ILan Dudno. Ordericus
V'italis places the great battle of 1098 near Deganwy, and tells us how, after
strange ships had Ijeen seen, the two earls summoned forces from all places.
Gwynvynydd is in Montgomery, and Long Mynd in Shropshire, both being
in the province of Hugh of .Montgomery, earl of Shrewsbury.
b. Kymry . . . Kymry. Both instances are inconsistent with his-
tory, and metrically inadmissible. The Gwyhyl ratted over to
the forces opposed to the Kymry. On Prydyn see Intro, xx.

75-20-22 Dygert'-a?£v . . Ay^e.t-awr 10-16-23, a questionable form.
Dygfd = 3 s. Imper. ; dygawr, 3 s, fut. Ind, Pass.; dygitawr. Pass.
{absolute form); V)\ig-ed, -id, -ad, 3s. pret. Pass, read: dy-5u-
%\ii, had been brought. Cor. ii. 180. j-fi? Ordericus V. j./^t). 1098.

75-21 echlwx, metath. for lechxxx : lechu(e)/=(Ar)nech\ve5.

-\ur cas -/ur ca% /yn — such errors make one believe that the
scr. must have been drunk at times.

75-24 ? read: y-myned moryd seithin, while sailing lite straits they
keep shooting. 3 pi. in -in-t are fut. Ind. see n. 77-1 1.

75-26 Arawd heb glywed o nebawd Sjv? — na mynawg, nac arvawg,
un mehyn, without any man whatsoever hearing ^service' — nor
prince, nor soldier 0/ any place, cp. oratio periculosa of an old
Missal, used for the dying. Mynawg. cp. O.W. minn "bor-
rowed from Ir. mind, a diadem." Q. Cancel ii. 180-93-94.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES 136

765 dar//^awr, metath. for da^r //awr : daer^iw/, earth's lot.

766 ru/fin, metath. for rue/ in = rwyv ynf ■ /^/n^'J, i.e. Gr. ap K.,
who was not a Hrython born, but 'a lirylhon by liisant^ — a foster-
ling of the West. jf<' n.75-i.

7610 Byrhawr brehyrion, i.e. Hugh of Chester, and H. of .Mont.

76-14 ^ yiiitinvar llini 1111161' wr. in margin by Ir. hand.

76-15 ro>n-a.-n\ car : roiu a «i = rh7t'yv a vi gar.

76-17 gOaftlin. Or. wr. /. frect ii. 182-10.

76-21 Iluf// rt Hachar : IIu ca(dr) Ilachar. a-r, /'.c. a rywyneb. Cor-

76-22 <^/ydra«o//eu : .' rydra«o</cu, /.f. rhy-dravodeu,,i,'rt\i//n>«*/£'j.

Hut cp. dy dra Havren and ty uch H., 78-2-7 ; ii. 182.
76-23 y_^. Or. wr. n.

76-24 f read: gaeav Ilym gwyd lyry5 lywid longeu. </. ii. 184-14.
77-3 Keiss«/ : Keis/V. cystu5 =- Lat. iustod-\a., 'persons in con-
finement,' hostages. Kystur/ was or. wr. KystuA
77-5 o glod lathr leu, of shining bright fame. The 'lathr.i^eu' of
ii. 1 84-23 is a bit of sub-editing in the composing room, and is typical
of the universal tendency to reptn. clod, or.f., as here, is often ///.
776 dy-5yrchavwy d-nvV : dy-5yrchavwyd /ynh = j/iiW<irj/, i.e. the
thing rolled up. cp. 'torchi Ilewys.' dreic . . par/// lack assonance.
77'7 >'" ('/)'8 = antcpn. oQ dyf \ft\x : yni-dyfli/;eu (i.e. am-BiflTynci) a
bungled gloss on 'am i scw^ for his inun. The reference is to
Gr. ap Rys on his return from Ireland in 1113. I). 294; LI. 433.
77-8 hael. see x\n. i.)T, 192. //i<% metath. for //kji'. Read:
ILyw byrr tew Ilydan i wcZ= //enry /., who will rule, luyS,
Hyd ban vo mab seith wcith yng-WyneS.
'/n' is a gloss indicating O.G., who had seven sons; 1. Khun;
2. Hywel; 3. lorwerth; 4. Maelgwn; 5. David; 6. Khodri; 7.Cynan.
77-10 /-rydar (reptn.) for ryJar : ryv<it = ryva5 : ryvt'6, wh. refers
to Henry's strange death, following on the eating of lampreys.
77-10 Khi -// Keding e\hun S/z-hun dudwc5. see ii. 185-31.

The King at Reading desires a sleeping ground. Cor. 184-31.
77-1 I t read: a. Eingl Artxsynt ar Sy-hynt o alltudcR;
b. Eingl dreisant *an heuan\ o alltudeS ;
a. nithrant trwy vor-g/eis a-u heisilleS.
i. trwy \oryd rhy lithr/V/ eisillcS.
Mor(glcis) has no aulhorily cxci-pl lli<-- rhyme to Mi[)[X)rt it. Moryd il
supposed to Ik: the Welsh name of ihc Kiighsh Chiiiiiicl. If llmt \x so,
Mor>-cl also=Mcnei Strnils. See n.75'»4. MorYil is often spell • Morfd,"
the V licing affected by long 0, aa il is by long u in dchun (77-10) for
dvhun, the sleep of death. Sec n. 41-33.

B.T.

127 BOOK OF TA LIES IN

77- 1 3 IFaw/ 5raig a Siffreid bobl Vrython. ii. 184.
Pen IIuy5, pcrchid lurigogion : 36

Dwvn ciarogen/w dewin Srywon,
pebyniawnl ar Dren a Tharanhon :
(lorlethant Alliiiyn oi-5yvyn \'on —

pen i)//rtx '11 debed I \ver5on. 40

Teg ffaw 5i^ygiaw Kesarogion,
a dystan angharan 5eKv d/-he5 —
go'gwn y peril! erwin (/r/neS. 43

The fame of the dragon will defend the Brython people :
The invading chief will respect their mailed warriors
who, the sacred druids confidently prophesy, 38

will pitch their tents on the Tern and Taranhon ;
and also overwhelm //tc Norlhincn who ever frequent
Mon — long deferred their departure to Ireland. 40

Glorious the report of the failure of the King's men,
who protest that they hate the mere image of strife;
(but) they will, I suspect, carry on very fierce warfare. 43
(larogeniiit . . . perint. 3 pi. fut. Incl.

7720 ? read: Yng-heiryS alltir, ynarmetheS,

drwyr gaeav celynt ; yn ncudire5
cyvlenwynt aesaw r ; yn //awr ?(jogle5
rfygynniv gwaladr ar ior GwyneS.
/// the Ciiers of a strange land, in a state of preparedness, t/iey will
shelter for the winter: in the culti-'ated parts they will load their
shields; in the ? GogleS country our leader will make 7uar on the
lord of Gwynch.

ycheiric : y_f heiri/=yng-heiry5, pi. of Caer. cp. Tre-r Ceiri{h).
KelenzV, reptn. ? read: Kelyn/. aesawr, shields, w ere used for
carrying things, cp. Yvain carrying his hon on his shield: 'I'an
porte tot estandu, Dedanz I'anvers de son escu. II. 4659-60.
(Foerster).
77-25 ? read: Gwelir ar-debed cetiedl Vrychwyn, i.e. Flemings.

rhag saetheu a bereu 'arw/r gwyn,' 'heroes of war.'
Gelwhitor Srar vor — gwaewawr gryn.
78-3 wrth-f«-edic. ? urSedig P., the anointed of P., king of destiny.

cp. ii. 186. Use of Prydein is abnormal ; the poem is late.
78-12 Cylch Prydein y bo, i.e. whem'er in Prydein he may be.
78-20 e« henwerj's : ? ev waredOys, he has delivered.
79-2 Nyt rys : nit /(0)ys, i.e. nid dwys, ni-d cyvrwys, ni rwyv i areith,

neither circumspect nor wise is he who rules not his tongue.
•j()i) ^rat. Begun as r.

B.T.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

128

79- 1 4 Un yw a jynniav, deu yw a deimlav, tri yw a wae5av,
pedivar a welav, a phymp a glywav, hwech a vlassaav,
a seith a aroglav, ac n> di\ve5av.
79- 19 Khyorug Uuw vry, yar y planedi,
Sol a Keretriiis, Mars a Mercurius,
Luna, Saturnus, ar seithved Venus.
Latin c is, in some words, used for the Greek s as 'mami' for
Mars a. xpc = xrs, i.e, Christos, 0-23.
7924 Cyntav yssy5 oer, a-r eil yssyS oer ;
TrydyS yssy5 wres, yd o-vAg antics ;
PedweryS radwys, gwerin a gynnvvys ;
Pymhed tymlierawg, pyrth y vedyssawd.
frigid= i.artic; 2.antartic; 3. torrid; 4-5. N.&S. temperate zones.
80-3 hyd vrawd i7 bara. vrod/V, possibly -/V = antcpn. of >•/.
805 Parhiiav hyd ffin . . .

80-17 mis/erin. The / is illegible, but cp. P. 32-24: Gweleis wyr yn
trin a incirch mysterin. ? Lat. nins(fltn-us, weasel-colour, i.e. buy.

80-18 Marchawc . . . arSeu wyneb, the perfitiious knit;/it, i.e.

W. de lireos. Ji-c n. 7 1 • 1 3.
%o- iq brad Had. Very faint in MS. Readr 'brarfllarf.'
80-20 Katwaladyr is not a proper name here (nor in many other
places) but = >t'rt/ walaiir, a war lord. ILewelyn ap lorwcrth is
said to have been born in the castle at Dol wy5clein, i.e. yn dol
en Prydein — -the 'y dole// Prydein' of our text.
8o-2 1 f read: \at (j//;l]('c. The a . . a, though very faint indeed, were
or. the suggestions of the eye ; the e . . . I arc mental inferences,
nywa : ny«/a, i.e. nywia. w////(h)eu :;///// =ymi =_^micu.

bydi/ : bydiw : byS i-«. (y)marua : ma/ua. / remi:
AC am/Og oes moes ny7f/a,
ae ffinicu vy5 i-n vadva. see ii. 188, i89-7-8.
The rest is clear history. William was hani^eti, hence the 'gwall
grain cleSyvaw-d.' see IJruts 365-25.

The rest of the MS. is missing, see p. 81.

Additional Notes.

aches approach, entrance, increase,
flood-tide > L. accessus.

achwysson. see n. 33-20.

achubyon, things seized ami saved,
salvage -=- L. octiipare.

armetl, armlet >■ L. arinella.

B.T.

cleir, clergy, cp. U.cleir, prob. bor-
rowed fr. L. cicrus.

cogOiHeu, 'i veiled ones, brides.
cp. Ir. cochiill -- L. cucullio.

creiseryS. Y .croisier contuscA with
O.F. crocier, bearer uf a crook.

/;■>/) ',

-J

129

ADDITIONAL NOTES

Aeon, optimates, aristocrats.

cp. O. Ir. deg-, dag-,

\V. da ^bonum.'
echwy5 sundown, IVest ==- L.

excedere, to withdraw.
c\\, fosterling, jr^ n. 75•l•
eisy wyd, poverty, :> L. e-Vigiiitas.
ellein choice > L. eligend-
escyll : estil. see n. 67-21.
eurbiben = L. orpimentum.
ffel-c/V, pen-c/V. cp. Lat. acies.
flet domicile, Br. jfet, => O.E.

_/?<•//, abode,
ffraeth, violated > \..fraclus.
gwenerawl. jct' n. 1 8' 1 9.
Pendevig {^qenno-tamAko

gwiw, living, L. vivus.
gwyliadur =» L. vigilator-
gwynnyeith. jcfnn. i'28,42-9,56-24
lienur. </. L. senior —
Ilyvrawr .> L. IJbrarius.
ma, mei. j^^ n. 65-1 i.
maon. see n. 733. \um.

me\yn-awr, yellow gold =» L.</;/r-
merin, marine, > L. mariniis.
misterin. seen.io-iy.
mug, fowj-, bor. fr. L. mtigit.
newic ^ L. novTcus.
ogyrwen = ogrwen (metath. of

or-gwen), .'bor. from O.F.

orguene, lyre, see nn.35-4.
der. of genno-tamo-, W. penhav,)

king, as in 'Cantrev Pen«'frf-ig' = 'cyvoeth y brenliin (B.348).
Pen-7wrf-ig, like lireton Pin-wV/-ik, is a metath. of Pen-f/tv-ig.
Sir John Rhys (C.F., p. 504), Mr. Egerton Phillimore (Pern. iii.
485), and Prof. Lloyd (257), supported by his astounding n. 166,
have 'PenweSig'! But see B. M. MS. 14869, fol. 101 a-b = M.ig2b.
Dy'gychwyn gennad vawrrj'dic doryf
y dervyn Keredic . . .
dywed y down benwedic. P. 151 28.
Dos o benwedic boen ou)t gennad
gan yth wna Kewilyt . . .
dywed y down veirionyt.
Here the 8 in ouyt, Kewilyt, Meirioiiyt is written 't,' whereas we have
'd' in Penwedic. i.e. 'tervyn Keredic -yaGn, on the Dy\'i.

plawS, bor. fr. L. plaudit.
plawr, bor. fr. h.plorat.
pXwyy, people ^^\..pleb-
pos-veir5. cp. Med. h.poss^.
rechtur > L. rector-
se. see n. 423.
Seith Pedyr = Sancti Petri.'
ser(w), slave, ^ L. servus.

serwaw, to observe, '^ L. seri'are.

trevb-ret : trev-ret — the run of the
tribe, i.e. a continuous stretch of
of country, the bounds of wh. is
possibly indicated by the word
cant, a hoop, ambit, cp. O. Ir.
trev, L. tribus, E. tribe; Br. kant,
a circle.

B.T.

A LIST OF SCRIBAL ERRORS.

14-6 a : 0 ryher 162
14-1 1 a : o eir 162
1719 ac (jr- : a g<)rian 168
20-5, 40-8 ae : oe 14, 100
27-17 dat- : dotwy 42
30-5 kat yr « : cadyr o 86
327 a : o glut 48
34-23 axn- : (7r//aw(r) 56
39-20 a mawr ; o vawr 156
41-17 grtll- : g<7ll\vng 104
42-i4*k<jlan : ? cMan 193
51-19 g«de« : gflde; 1 30
58-16 «c aOr : wawr 106
62-3 rtc : oe 84
64-14 a : o wrhyt 80
67-4 owix : loawyr 144
68-25 dragon : dragon 136
78- 10 t«ryv : tcryv 186

b : 6
16-4 ve/V'on : ('e8(5on 166
19-4 byW : dylleith 10
24-8 go/ieith : go<5citli 30
36-18 cyn-i5yt : 6yl 62
38-16 nia/^ idno : ma (5if»no 154

v'lfi/ton : v\6yon

mad : ? mat/ <5y<hyr 13S

c • r. t. 5
-aOr ; aOr 74
ac : arestwng 88
■8 64-13, 75-20, a<r : ar =
ii. 130, 80, 180

64-6 er : or 80

67-25 ky/Ieit : ky/>eit 124

75-18 air y : a r)""'y 'So

15-15 osreill : os/-, 164

177 /TiUtont : CAjTont 168

25-20 /u : (Ti 34

26-23 dru-t : dl(a)w/ 38

B,T.

44-26
66-

9-19
3013

51

26-25 wherh : why/h 40

41-18 tanc : tan/ 104

46-1 llyw-heethan : -e/han, 94

53-17 azh : a/h

55-4 llu£-h : ?llu//h 126

55-21 nvy : Avy 128

60- 1 5 aiheneu : a (hcirei 90

61-7 marfhaCv : mar/haO/ 82

64-14 eifhawc : ei/liawc 80

64-15 gwall-awf : aw/ 80

66- 1 5 cysfoc : cys/ec 1 38

6721 escyll : es/il 124

68-17 rodawf : roRaw/ 134

69-20 i<'5 : /u5cda\v 122

71-24 vrein ai' : vraena/ 146

76-24 budif : bu5i/ 182

77' 6 gor-llech : lle/li-ant 184

77-2i»kele/;;V : kele//;/ 186

25-14 go-ruth -awt- : raw8

7720 ycheirif : yng-heiry* 184

Cl : D
46-26 <-/ayar : (/ayar
55-4 f/cdyv : </e6yv 126

H : Cl
48-2 t/ea . . </cu : c/eu . . c/eu
rp. F.A.B. 19-5 'am tfet ar wy
</un.' see II. B.C. Kac. 57-2, etc.

D : 0

43-6 tfyfn :jf&yn-vyt 118
cp. liillwiifj 3-15. 4-aa, 35-21, 40-15. 56
•a6; Cfllwng 33-20, & H-kC 86-5. 106
-8. & r.olIwiiR 8()-4. oillwn in dialed.

68-24 bu(/ : bu4'<eil) 136

D : b
25-io*(/erw : ?//cr\v 34
40-23 uet/ : ? ttc/(yS 102
59-3 wr</lid : wr//id/ ;
wrhydr-cu

'3'

BOOK OF TALIESIN

46-25
66-4

2210
249

35'4
64- 1 9
66' 10
706

t : I
wyd : uvy/
arveirf : arvei/

142

23-1
25-9
33-4
43-"
45-5
47-25
5118
cp.
62-25
70-1

7315
76-21

55-18

56-10

56-11

61-12

67-9

61-18

68-19

31-12
41-20
45-'

8-2
9-4
919

0 : n
mor ut'y/ : ?vOy;; 22
kOyrf : kOy«-ynt 30
ke</ig : cewig 58
traeth(o)d-yrf : -y« 80
td- : enry/e5 138
gor-Oyrf : vy« 122

5: b=f. ff
go-5eiSaO ; 5eit'a& 24
hyd : hy?' 30
try8 : try^'ar
a^/ar : a7'ar(n) 1 18
di-ueS : vef-lawc
peSyr : pej/yr 194
gor5 : gon'ynt 130
dy-orvyn 13-1 1
ly(/- : I(w)y?/-y5 114
ncc ?ixi : ni cawwyd 122
di-5 : di-?'vvynas 152
ardyrch-eS : e?' 182
preiS : prei^ 114

n : r

golu(/ : gofur 1 28
rynnaw^/ : awr 128
aplaw(/ : aplaw;- 128
gort'(o)5in : go;-5in 82
aued : am/;er 140
oe(/ : oer 84
vod : bor i 34

n : b

gweBrfaOt : (5aOt 98
am de : ?an(5e 190
rtfer : (5eritolion

e : C
gor-fil : gor-ril 8
fryr : cryr 72
^wynaOc : tCiynaOc 74

17-19 fur : Air 168
28-15 nof : noc 46
76-25 c\\ : (-ilyaff(yn) 182

e : i

30- 1 6 cgaOc : zngaOc 88
32-8 Wew : lIAv 48
40-10 llcaOs : U/aws 100
41-24 dfar : d/al 190

f : 0

16-2 cbryn : cbryn 166
24-7 pcblic : ? p^'bl (5)ic 30
24-12, 77-24* emcllun ; ynirtlhvn
25-13 pt-r : por 34
29-23 gfOr : gC'(?r- 86
29-26*bt'rth : berth 86
31-10 (t)ri phivh : ryphor/h- 58
35-9 mcr : mor WeryS
41-18 crdlM : frSiOel 104
43-10 gorcu : gOr oi 118
48-5 gene : godj'ihaiK 194
57-23 «'w('nc : orz'/Ong 76
60-24 einewyb : orntniy'b 90
64-6 ec : or 80
65-9 we\av : vclav 94
66-20 d^ni : dovi 142
67-11 gn'el : govel 140
68-7 tfruei : or\e\ 132
69-22 cun«Ia/ : cu no5a// 122
77-6* (d)r<?ic : torc(li) 184

e : E

8-18 llrf/eir : llyfc eir 10

14
15-

16
24-
26-
27-
29-
30-
32-

4 de : d/-chyvyd 1 62

21 eu : yn clas 1 64
16-26^168, 53-22, 54-3

■3 ei -.yd 166

■20 em : jm-wyt 30

25 whcch : \vh)'th 40
men : mvneicli 42
meg : mvgedorth 174
eg :_yg = /ngaOc 88
Sfwyd : sj'wyd 48

B.T.

A LIST OF SCRIBAL ERRORS

'32

34-1 pen r^n : penyn 54
34'2l*/rt-d£-5 : cryhyt) 56
359 PowysSd-6 :^5 58
36- 1 8 eba. -.yh 4 62
36-23 Ae : d/xhymic 2
37'6 pe'in : p^mhwnt 2
38-17 We : ll/vessit 154
41-1 2*go-d^£'fi : Ayr\\
47-2* moli rcen : molir

^'■on = Ion.
47-17 gorchor5-<^on : jon
57-7 r^u : r/veSaf 158
57-8 re : r/'oSic 158
57-1 i*euio : ymro 158
58-13, 62-17 i^g :/ng 106,112
6o-8 £■ : K 88
60-19 <-myl :/myl
61-13 ^" :/m(5eith) 84
63-3 d^ar : gor-5yar 114
63-3 dilfO : dil>'v 1 14
63-4 varfd : va/ yd 1 1 4
63-25, 78-19 En -.yn 78
64-14 ^■(s) -.ys 80
64-17 ueA : vyd-av 80
64-26 am-«cut : /scuit 82
65-6 ILfuuyS : ILywyS 94
66-2 fgyd : jgyd 142
66-23 df : d/-lleinvv 144
67-6 amwe-ni : annvj'n 144
67-10 deU/ : Ayhf 140
71-21 i>5eith :/m5eith 146
76-23 i-d :jd 182

f : a inilially & medially
normally, final f=v
1-32 /i} ■._ff~\nkii 68
3-7 /radri :^radri 70
14-5 C)/roy : cy^ry 162
14-5 llet/er : ff'cr 162
25-11 c/a/ : cra^usrwyS 34
29-1 ty/: iyffviy 172
30-13 sa/'w : sa/?w_)'att-c 88
64-1 gog>/: gy/res 78
64-20 nwyf : nwy ^(erchyn) 80

B.T.

69-20 dychy/KH : chy^rin 12
70-5* rif : ri^: ? ry//(av 122
70-10 o g)/lew : o g>:^^ew
70-12 ry/reu : ryj/rcu
78-13 /lem :/lemychid 186
78-26 di/Vyt : di(j?ryd

f : f
4-14 sely/": sell;
25-io*ne/' : ?ne/ 34
25-15 /en :/eintty5 34
44-7 £i/ein :a/ein 120
57-7 rf-ve6a/: a/ 158
58- 15 r>/e5 : ry/re5 106
66-2 Ercwl/: Ercwl/"
707* ry///a/ei : rywran/ei 12:
73-8 dar-y/bn : yni/on 152
73-11 clywy/": clywi/ 152
75-22 ada/: acha/ 180

f : 5. D
24-7 an-ne/" : neSig 30
28-22 q/r : o3r : or5wy 172
4 1 • 1 o yn q/" : y no8 1 04
43-2o*tt0y/': ?r0y5 118
48-23*ga/yr : gaflyr 196
65-24*Erq/'; Erod 142
73-io*ne/' : (an)nei 152
62-10 a gollwy/' : H-y(/ 84
63-22 gw-nei/" : i</ 1 16
69-22*cu nfda/ : no5a</ 122

f ; b
4 1 6 gq/ag : gotfag 104
41-18 er-di/el : orSidcl
44-1 go/' : go6rein 118
46-12 gfjAin : godyned
57-9 lla/yn : lla(Jen 158

ff : f = tl
9-16 araff' : arat' 74
10-21 di^ : di-'Orn
1410 di^ : dijToeS 162
15-1* ^cas : {•'oras 164
3924 gy^: gyestraOn 156

133

BOOK OF TALIESIN

43
45
52
67
72
72

24

65

72

r

57
16

16

24
56

58
72

73

61
71
47'
75'

37

40
62

27
67

17
55

2 1 Qyff : cy wrwySwri 1 1 8

14 ar^et : art'ed 92
3 Kxi^: gyi/red 132

3 ffx^ : z/re 144

23 plwy^ : pUvyi/ 152

24 kyff : cyt'-ryffe5 152

ff : f. IT. I
2\*JJ'm\\. :/eint-«y5 32
26*Ercwl/r: Ercwl/ 142
12 am-g)/rei : gry^/Tei 148

25 eissy^j'" : eisy/Zeit 60

4 ka^on : ca//on 158
'3 ga/?aw : g(\v)a//a\vc 166

0 : 0. t
19 goxvu : ciyryir 166
1 5*^(ier« : derO 30

19 i-yd :^/y5 158
24 an-nq^'at ; no(/at 108
22*^n : (/an 148

24 ^wych : ri'yrch-
4 keiii^ : ceint 26

i) : li. »

15 ky//oed : ?ci//wyd 84

22 gy/«'r : ? gilyS 146

20 tan-/;('yt-in : //Oyth- 194
2 hyd : llyl : llyr 1 76

1; : b

22 di//eu : ? di(5eu =
dieu. cp. he-5/7f
22*ri/!y5 : ? ri(5yS 102

25 on/;yt : ondyS 1 14
£^. car onhyd 69- 1 7

1 ; i

19 ara/1 : ar/al 42

23 mede/ : medez 124
• I s ve/ : ? vez 1 48

I : f. f

•7 talhont : cafhont 168
■I4*lawyr : ? ffavyr 128

55-18 go'lud : go-fur 128
71-7 lu : funi 144
71-12-15 lessur : fessur 144
75-12 dolaeth : dofaeth 178
43-2 felyc : ffefic 1 16

1 : r

8-24 b/ei5 : brci5 72
14-4 (an)ae/ : aereu 162
22-6 hwy/ : hwyr 22
2511 c/af : c/affusrwy5 34
27-21 dia/ : dyar 42
30- 1 1 rac&y5 aw/ : -awr 88
33-27 ger5-o/ : orion 54
44-23 gwa/ : gwaradwyS
47-22 gove/ : gover 194
48-26 kaffo/ : caffd-r 198
51-3 ardar : arda/ 130
51-16 he/ya : he/-Oa 1 30
551 /e : ry-verwid 126
55-7 lech-rit : /yt 126
63-9 kyv-/i\v : ryw 114
64-2 go/ : goruchav 78
72-9 p/eit : peo'5 148
75-12 do/ : dorwys 178

I : t

8-27 rytha/ : rytha/ 72
39-20 (g)olche/ I loche/ 156
69-21 cynya/ : cyrria/ 122

II ; flf. u

17-19 dy//id : diffyS 168
61-4 //i-eu -.ffl^n 82
64-23*///a\v(- : ffra.\\t 80
7 5- 1 6 twy//yd : trwy^yS 178
76- 1 5 dar//t'a\vr : dac r J^awd 1 80
77-i7*di// : di^ygiaw 184
40-13 di//ig : di«ig = diCMg 100

m : iu. ui

47-2 woli : / z/oli
7615 *ro;«- : toiii = rOyv
80-21-24 nywa : nyuia. i

182

B.T.

A LIST OF SCRIBAL EliRORS

'34

m : n. ni. nt. nt. nu

1614 e/«enny5 : c/;einy5 166

34-17 tcom : Kzoii 56

54-6 deillacle/« : ililladew

54-15 dOy/« : dOy«

45-23 a/« iolet : a«/ale5 92

70-7 tyin : ry/rranfei 122

59-9 heit-a/« : a/;/ 1 10

8-5 acha/« : acha//w 8

m : ni. ur. ul
647 owe5 : oruth 80
36-6 ywyt : i u>y\. 62
45-19 a///olet : a «/-olud 92
57-23 eiw : or«/&ng 76

m : b
14-2 dechy/w : chyz/yd 162
4520 Uywet : Dyz'ed 92
48- 5 ky/« : cyt/rvvy 194
61-16 y/// : (d)yi/ynner 84
68-23 go-chy;«a : t/a 136

n : 6. 5. !j
7-27 yn : yd wna 8
41-3 bry// : hryti 102
48-9 Uvvy/; : lKvy(/in 196
66-2 ermi« : ermi</ 142
47-1 bydewiw : bydevyS
56-16 govyn : gorvyS 158
75-11 dragwy« : gwyfiawl 178
35-14 ygw : yng-/w 58

n : c. It. it
26-1 niawwut : mawr u5 36
37-i8*w/;ech : ? wrech 4
41-19 kallo// : caIIo/--y5 190
46-7 kei« : cei/-
51-18 gwe/» : gwer-ynt 130
54-6* ge// : ge/--hy5
57.4 ra\v/< : 'r awr 158
61-3 gn/ss : gr)'ss-ynt 82
61-17 bredy/i : bre/zyr 84
69- 1 7 ka/; oniyd : car ondyS

B.T.

6r

41
60
6i'
65
69

32
61-
61-
65-
68-
T

20-
21-
23-
24-
24-
29-

34'
35
39
44'
66
68
68

74
76

42

58
61
61
64

22 gather : gather 84
8* a/;aw : ? ar/a/;ell 104

15 a che«eu : a ilie/rei 90
10 ky«/( : cynir///Oys
26 pe« : peir 142
'21 kywya/ ; cyrria/ 122

It : u. b. b
8 lle« ; lle« 48
13 e// : e« 84
i6 ymyn«er : (d)yvyn«er
iS hc/zOn : hewwii 96
13 pe« : pewnocth 134
-21 ucho« : uchoi/ 6
18 ty/;hit : tyz'hit 16
1 2 ky//an : cy fan 20
25 ar//aO : arfawc 28
1 //ev : ^'ev-enhy5 28
22 few : leiz-yssit 32

25 v« : v« 86
24 am : orva.v/{x) 56
'5 kor« : cori/ 58

16 «e5 : ?'e5 156
'21 an« : an.'wyt
•20 de//i : dot'i 142

15 «or : voT 134
•24 di/>as : diz'as 136

26 o//yd : WoT'yS 176
i5*//i : 7'i 182

1-18 e« : edynnir
-5 bra// : bra6 192
g wen : /Fen-wys 192
■26 g«is : g<5ys 106
•3 g«ilT : g<5issynt 82
••3. 74>4 y : >A 84, 174
18 gynaw : ? genaO 80

0 : a

3-21 om : am 70
45-19 gwor : gwArwyd 92
45-23 am iolet : anidlet
5119 o g<jdeu avor : a

godei av(jr 130
59-10* ot : (je(l)wyt 1 10

BOOK or TALIESIN

61-9

66-24

68-1*

70-22

77-17

344

39-12

48-26

66-15

674

7420

75-16

16-15

39- 1 3
7-10

145

21-26

24-21

29-25

34-22

4310

64-5

64-10

65-13

66-21

69-16

73-13
76- 15

8-7
31-5
32-11

38-21
44-22
61-8

64-9,
6115

0 : a
y doeth : y5 (jeth 28
n^n : ? iirfnneu 144
ox\ : (jnu(jreit 124
hoe\ : Iwelyon 150
byhyt o : a 184

0 : e
axion : ? aO^n 20
a rom- : a(gynnani 54
och : <rchwynogion 1 56
ca((o\ : cafffr 198
cyscfc : cysU'c 138
ow'ir : ? awyr 144
(b)rithoi : rithfS 174
t(?ruen : t^^rOyn 178

0 : u. b

ob : Kbein 166
ryt or : ry cur 156
el^ : e\6

cyitoy : ?cyflfr6y 162
gygloyt : gigldyt 22
eido : ei5(e)0 32
gouein : gC'vfin 86
dovyn : dOvyn 56
gorcu : gOr c^ 1 1 8
ydoed : (t)ydOed 80
toryv : tOryv 80
ILoyv : ILOyvenyS 96
v^y : vOy 142
ach(7el : achOelyn 120
yo : yd 152
rom- : rC'iu : rOj'v 182

oc ; b?
troet : tr(5)'/ 8
l\oe{\)\h : lldcth 98
Woer : ll(5jr 48
hoe\ : h(5)'les 154
ffornoed : fTOrn^j'd
doeth : uddylhabi 82
692 oe : dy So, 136
kyhocd : ciliOj'd 84

P
2823 /ren : <('ren 172
57-4 gos/r/ : goscor- 158
69-13 "u/ • lluS/'awt 120
74-23 /&m : t'Oinpei
t ; C. t. 5
7-9, 80-23 ryvyr : ryvyc
8-3 ret : cet 8
22-5 riiynn : cOyryon 22
32-20 ruvein : cOvein 50
20 nur : nuc 56
5 dar : da/ 130

19 gwas-tra : ta/ 130
25 ochlyw-i?' : '\l 126
25*go-vur : ? govu/ 158
10 aessaOr gC'yr : ? aeraOt gOy/

18 hrfuer : br/Oe/ 84

20 go(r)uchyr : y/ 84
17 dar-wer/// : \ve//er 80

1 i*frgryn-a(>r : -aO/ 120
8 ehvir : elwi/ 144
10 pop r>'5 : pop /y5

10 by/haOr : byrhaO/ 182

11 treis ar : -an/ 184

21 ywania : ynvatva. 188

12 an(a)haOr : anhaOS 20

25 mett-aOr : aC'5 24
dott-aOr : a\v5 24

26 gyrr-aOr : aC'5 24
ryg/awr : ryg/avv5

12 ve;-lyn : ve8-lyn 48
-5 ryveSaO/- : ryve;'5a&5 122
24 haeWer : haele5 150

2 gy^hyr : gynhyS 176

t : i. 1. n
23 ar : a i hynt 164
10 byryr : by / ry-5a0n 48
20 bender : ? beudez'-r 1 56

19 creu : c/eu 70
-26 uurch : VO/ch 164

I he/-0 : he/y(th) 168
23 deir : dei/ynghed 14

B.T.

34-
SI-
S'-

S4-
56-

57-
6r
61-
64-
69-
71-
74-
76-

77'
80

32

70
70-

75'

•5
32
39
3
14
17'
19

A LIST OF SCRIBAL ERRORS

136

65
20

26
26
29
39
39
47'
5''
55'
63'

^o■

76'

4-
59-
6o'

62'

66'

77'
79'

4-
24'

42'

5''
64-

T
8'

30'

br

75'

■9'

20'

26-

28'

gweir : g\vei/;y5an 82
kyng-wara : \va/a 16
pcrffor ; P7('/(Tor(5) 36
d^c : d/(5t = dlrt\vt 38
hir : hi/ 86
ar ran : ar /an 1 54
rein : /ein 1 56
dy\'ar : dyva/ 194
ardar : arda/ 130
lechril ; lecli/yt 126
vared : va/ yd 1 14
breiS : b/ei5 122
virein : vi/ein 148
cle5yva/- : a/ 182

f : f = b
di/wys : diffwys
am y/ : yj' 1 10
laflar : \\\vs.x 1 1 2
'bneS : j'oneS 84
ryfleS : ryi'eS 138
derll)/: derlly-' 184
/eucrus :_/eretrius

r : I. It

yfev : /ev
/e« : /e77ssit 32
/e : ?/e, (?/e5) 190
ynyff : ? ynia/-e5 1 86
'. 78-1 =?ymy/e5 186
/ywyd : /ywySon 78
ogrelT : ? (h)ogre// 122

fc. ft : fr. ff
ym-ge// : gei/Tav 6
lle/?eir : ll)y<cir 10
Wen/Zcri : W'en/redi 88
ky/(cit : cy/>-eil 124
cri/Zin : cry//yn

t : t. r. I
(trae)/haC'/ : rliaOr 12
g(iy/li : gOy.h-cint 16
ar/hadon : ar<li a//on
rodaO/ : a(v 44

34-
34-
39-
44-
5'-
55-
64-
67-
70-
71-
71-
81
l6-

27-
29-
3>-
38-
42
47
47
57
6r
65
76
76
18
47'
75
59
78

8-:
16

17
18
26-

30-
38-
43-
44-

47-

13 ei/h : eifhiawg 46
10 /eir : feir 54
21 /reded : nry5y5 56
13 ry/ or : rytnir 156
24 aniys/yr : amysryr
17 gwy/hyr : gwychyr

130

llu(h : ?llC))Vh 126
war/h : warfhawt 80
23 Geveil-a/ : aOc 124
9 /rew : frevv 122
6* u/hyr : ? uche/ 145
26 gein/ : geinf 146
, 2 1- 10 da/ : darOeir 8, 18
23 /ywyssaw : ?ryssiaw or
i wyssiaw 166
17 py/ : pyrechenit 42
1 1 /ynnu : r)'nnu 174
1 7 katty : cat ry (? ^/y)
26 /uwan : ru/i'an 154

9 ka/ : ka(e)r 190
17 tu/ : ? tC'r

23 y /ebyr : yr ebyr 194

10 goborth-i/ : ir 158

19 lhvy/(h) : lluyr 84
1 7 rago/ : ragor 96
10 by/haO/ : byrhaOr 182

24 gy/ : %yrr 184

20 vraO/ : OraO/ 170
4 coe/ : coc/
10 gwrtho/ : 0/ 178
1 7 by//(ic : ? b&y/Zic 1 1 o
3 vr///(en)edic : ? urSedig

t : 5
o-io'l A/ : aiwyn 72
8 lUvii/ : lluar.fy8 166
19 g«cr-y/ ; y8 168
6 (i\ver>'/ : C'iwe/y8 1 70
I, 44-5, Ml : ufl 36, I 20
o bei/ : bei»v« 88

25 golTulOy/ : OyS 154

26 hy/ : hyS 118
10 vyne/ : WyneS 120
14 Hero/ : lleroS

B.T.

'37

BOOK OF TA LIES IN

t : 5

57-18 vo/ : vo5 76

58-1 gvvnei/ : gwneyS 78

62-2 xot : ro8-«yd 84

623 b>7 : by5

62-3 edryw-y/ : y5

62-25 on/iy/ : onC'yS 114

63-15 tu/yn : ty5yn 1 14

64-18 \t : i5(a\v) 80

64-22 derwy/ : y5

66-6 amdu/ : du5 142

67-25 e/ : (o)e5 125

69-12 ergry>;aO/ : er-j,'ry;«a\v5 12

69-12 cyvat-aO/ : a('5

72-9* p/ei/ : pe;75 148

75-3 gwae/ : gwaeS 176

75-6 y/yvi : (d)y-Syvi 178

78-11 newi/ : newyS, 186

II : n. ir. ri. il. it

3-10 digowi : ? o/t\ 70

7-21 \vna/t/t : \vna/?t 6
15-21, 16-26, 53-22 eit : yn
26-22 b\vyst-;^er : »er 38
67-9 a7/ed : amwer 140
68-14 ^c e;/-uyd : a ce//-7'/5 134
10-18 e;;ynn« : eCiynnzV
16-19 gorv?< : dyrv/V 166
19-1 ne;/(heint : ne/r/Iieint 10
19-3 b«d : b(e)/VS
68-26 \.u : u'r 136
25-20 /« : cri 34
69-20 dychy^«n -.Jinn

u = t)

3-8 a.deu : aSeT'hont 70

3- 1 1 dyii : dy?'ysci 70

8-10 «ut : 7'ut 8
14-24 gtu : geT'yneu 164
21-9, 32-21, 51-21 ne» : nez'
42-5 »rith : -jTith 192
46-17 wuch : 7/uche5
51-24, 54-1, 74-26 //u : 7'u

58-15
58-17
58-22

9-27
14-2
i6-io
24-12
27-1 1

U : to

52-22, 53-17 keh/ : cel7'y5
54-1 a«el : A-'el

Kol : 7'ole5 106
cyvriK : cyvri7'et
rie« : riy7' = riyfi
58-25 y«et : yvet 108
70-5 er« : er7'la05 122
71-9 en//ys : en7'ys 144
71-19 ttaOr : z/awr 146
77-8 tyn/aOt : tyrr/awt 184
78-20 e«< : 67'
22-9 d« : Ail 22
f'7''3*K"'3n" • gwen// 140

11= b
me5«eith : Oeilh 74
inyn;/er : Oer 162
kud : c05 166
tmoWim : On 30
er//yll : erOyll 40
32-20 ruve\x\ : c6\e\n 50
39-12 gole?/ : gleCi 156
41-6 dre« : dreOdaOt 104
46-10 l«ch : K'cli
46-12 el//yd : elOyS
46-14 d?/un : dOvn
52-9 ry« : ry(ie5
59-20 ta/z-aO ; ? taOav 110
68-15 deb// : delOin 7'or 134
72-21 de?/i : deC>i 148
73-1 gorz/jTi : Oyn 152
74-26 den/ : derOyS 176
78-2 huh : bOSyn 186

8-11, 32-7 c\ut : clyt 8,48.

41-22 fF;/s. ffowj : ^ysc Ho ys 190

46-26 cttn : cj'nlleith

54-5 Ru : ry-dech

63-14 iu : dj-hir 114

77-24 ymolh/n :_)'nt 186

78-1 n«ch : nychaOnt 186

B.T.

A LfST OF SCR f HAL ERRORS

.38

b. b : u

20-6, 59' 1 2 j'g : wgein 16, no

36-8 v5 : «5un

42'4* 7'ffin : 6'flin 190

46' 2 5 viyTt : //vyS

59-23 vch Krien : //chi/rien 1 12

61-15 '^d : //5y5 84

22- 16, 71-4 cOd : c«5 24, 150

45-ll*g&n : gor-g«n 90

47'6 nC7i'y5 : ne«eS

63-19 7'ns(5n : /.n sen 1 16

69-2o*c(55 : /«5cclaw 122

69-26 d(5et : dwSet

70-12 .inaele(5 .tit 122

t> : b
7 am-'n : aniCyn 22
4 va5awl : 0a5a0l 48
10 7'ynet : \Vyne5 120
8* 7'etlwit : we5\vit 126

22 7'lph : rriph 84
25 T'yc : g&yc 84

23 7/)' nar : Oanar 1 14

b. to : b

20 arv*ei5a(i : -0.71 6
10 plOyO : plOy?'

2 edryOyth : etlryj'vS 14
13 aOner : a7'ner 88
5, 706 anaO : -a7' 98, 122
2* Orych ; t'rych 120
4 go-g&yd : gOySyn 82

3 diU'd : dil/7' 1 1 4
6 gordyd : gorfy/i 122

21 \Ven-<5yn- : 7'yn/;y5 180

12 lcr7fyn : 7'yn 72
27 llyTi/yaOt : ly-'ynaC't

2 eurji'ys : -'ys 36

3 Tt'olut : 7'olut 48

13 awcX : A7'el 50

4 ua. : 7'a 100

22 dy-t'ct : Dyvet 92
9 7ft-lav : 7'olav 94
12 Weir : Veir 120

B.T.

22

32

44-

55

61

61

62

?■
10-
20-
30-
3'-
44-
61-

63
70

75'

9

9

26

32

32'
40

45'
65

69

6 : b. 0. p

I -2 1 gOi<5(gO)i() : gOi/'irjO 66
27-12 dySyv : (iySiv 40

30-7 7t'res : <5res : /res 86
7o-i5*g(5in : <5ing 124

3-16, 5623 t(5r>'v : toryv 70
19-16 dC'fyr : dovyr 12
26-l8*g(5nth : go/ithr 38
30-18 «-na6 : wnAO 88
34-1* 6let\\ : o/j'ch 54
34-16 gdr : gOor, or gor. cp.

36-6, 39-15, 63-7-16
42-1 %6x : gorwe5w 192
63-19 sOn : son 1 16
67-19 g(5 : gcbwyllit 124
16-7 c<5ssyl : cyssyl 166
59-17 b(5rr : hyxx 1 10
75-18 puchyss(5n : jTi 178

E : f. 8- i-
^i^-iz-iyib yx ; ex 32
26-1 i*/n : e\x 38
5 1 -9 my : nit-ue5 1 30
579 lla/yn : llaCvn 158
62-2 xy\. : xt-l 84
64-2 ovr^thon : ovcrlhon
66- 1 3 ory6 : ? oxc'u 1 38
69-25 dayx : da^-r 122

also/ : £'//, x[yt : nc//t
34-7 dOy : dOc 54
42-9 ellyry : ellynj.'^iys 190
3i-24,68-i3mein)'oeth :^i.'Deth 134
51-25 ywas : ^wres
3-12, 18-23/g : /ng 70, 170
3-4, 1 1 -27- 1 2-6, <ly : d/
8-2-i8, 19-22 -af)' : -av / 10, 14
42-8 RySi-n : ? Ru5 d/n 190
42-26 Wyn : ll;n I 16
59-1 trygan : tr/gan 108
66-25 genlyv : cenh;V 144
67-21*051711 J' : es//1 ;-n
71-21 ym : rvn 146
76-18 trjgar : tr/>;gar 182

139 J^OOK OF TALfFSirN

It would be easy to add examples from other MSS., but without
a larye selection of Facsimiles, and close apjilication on the part
of the student there could be no real insij^ht into paleography. Still
it may help to call attention to certain letters. Take the recurring
confusion between c. t. r., or between -auc, -aur, -ant, and observe
that c. has a doublet k., a mutated form g., and is used for the
Greek s; while t., in turn, represents t. d. S., and after n. becomes
h. or n. under the accent. We have seen that k. g. r. d. 5. h. n.
have been confused, though in form so dissimilar. The explanation
is this — the archetypal c. t. r. have been misread by the copyist,
hence the confusion. Things that are like one another are not
always the same. It is therefore necessary, before attempting
emendation, to ascertain the date of the composition of a text, and
the date of the MS. copy thereof Then, strict regard must be paid to
changes in hand-writing within the period intervening. The student
must be warned that rules applicable to one period may be inap-
plicable, not to say misleading in another period. Still the general
lesson of the examples given on pages 130-38 may be enforced by
the following differences in two MSS. of Bruts y Tywysogion.

Mos/yn MS.\i6 Red Book Copy Ma6d6y Mada6c 30319

Ac y ciledych6yl y CLefych6yt 262'i8 Sulhaern Trahaearn 306-29

=yR heSych6)t KatwaUa6n Kadwga6n 308 26

CHad6yt cl.ad6yt 333'33 a rolTer ar offer-en 318 'id

niorci.eis morciieis 26216 y prydyd goreu y Trydyd g. 320'5

eiroHaf eiroi.af 287'9 wyDua wyl.ua 322' 11

murrarCH m6rcHatn 284^28 moB nioD 3258

kyi'Hroes cyl-'Froes 26419 allwed a lla6ed 342-27

S'uLyen Sufyen 270-21 b6rneifreit b6rr,ei)Teit 378-25

a chyfadNaboT a chyfaduab 298-7 urdafni6L urdaffa6s 284 7

Other well-known examples in the Bruts are Ri(/it : Ri/'it ; Eihu/ :
Eila-'; A'ryn Onnen : A'ryn Onnen (see An. Camb. and Pen. MS. 20,
p. 69) ; kymwt Alec/; : Ale/ ; k. w;;k«an : wnk//am : ? wrikesham =
Wrexham; o an/zor DuO : o an;/o5 Duw. In the Antiala; Camhrie
we have Caradarn : Traharn ; Celli Z)arna?/f : Celli Carnan/; lYut
Sul in Mon : Di// Sub// i?i Mon ; Hiraduj- ; Hiraduc ; Languin : Lan-
gum ; Lon(d)o/;/(am) ; Lonion ; Mei-Cf-;rn : Mei-iY-ri'n = Meicen ;
Nant in mer : Nant jVimer; and Penco;? : Pen Co//. The 'Brittan-
nic' name of 'insula Tanet' is said to be 'ruo ihni,' vel 'ruo ichin,'
etc. (see f. nn. i and 3, pp. vii., viii.) This looks like a typical
Saxon blunder for 'uor rinn', i.e. Inis Worriii, a compound of guor
& rinn, /iie island above the Foreland^ the North Foreland being
directly below Thanet. ep. Gu^r, gurjrr = nape of neck.

The type of mistakes shewn on pages 140-44 are common.

B.T.

A LIST OF SCR/HAL ERRORS

140

3
3
7
7

9
1 1

14
»5
15
16
16
16
18
18
19
20
2 1*

21'

23'
22'
24
24
24
25'
26

27-
28'

30
3O'
30-
3O'

3"-
3'-
3'-
32-
32-

3y
:iy
3y

Anticipations. 34'2o

■16 nt'u iKu : nu, Leu 66 34'22
•32 \\a.<X-yr ffradVR 68

•3 IKvyr . . synlnvyK 35'24

■7 posbeir5-t'/« broil rEiN 36' '8

■12 yj»-rfj- rymgwaRES 70 39' '4

•24 mordwy-/ TrevyS 8 39'25

6 pen . . . i>EN 8

•16 \U<l-u Uyrv 10 3926

12 cleir-/t catholic 72 40''3

•10 a ch/athl,eu 40-18

■18 j'/«-dreul . . . YMwrth- 40'19

■I fforzs I'I'ohyn 164 4024
■9 kyntv'rchElt 164

■2 cynhor-ion SaesON 166 45'22

•8 anneir-rtd . . prydAO 46-16

-10 ym&j . . . cw5a 47'3

-2 ar-//i . . . gwarTH 170 48-2

■10 amgdr-i^athdrOr 48-10

•7-8 gOney/;/ . . . gCmei'/// 10 48-21

•13 hau-(i-l . . . gyhauAl 16 48-25

■4 b</rtfaOt . . . bARUaOt 18 51-10

-14 (/y-5\vg . . . DvSwg 20 53' '5

-2 rann-rt6t gwAwr 22 5 3" '9

-II gannAOc 22 S4'5*

•9 pedryd-(j«/ tANHeu '30 56-25

■18 gdrth- . . . gwrthrin 58-15

■20'*Kys-w^d agWvSvid 32 59'22

■II G/elyn gLew 34 60-2

25 ky//eLL : ky//;//cll 38 61-10

15 pyr . . . PVK 42 61-19
8 /f-c(h)adur I'Ericl . . 44

1 kywehVi kyWElthyS 86 6l- 22
5 3L%ac/tcs o ACHles 62-24
9* ArSunyon . . . AerOn 62-26
15 o rieu O ryvel 98 63-2*
3 met . . MenEi 64-11
17 nitii .\vi\. : nebabi 100 64-16
25 <i-rystrat Akystre 48 64-18

2 teyrn rKKwVN 64-25
10 hyr\K : py i ry 65-2
15 dyreha6/- llogaWR 52 66-12
17 tiryon . . . TIRVON 54 67-6
22*/<'/>kal)EIR 54 67-19

B.T.

nur . . . gaOrnuR 56
vendig-«6 . . . an/;ur
ARt//ur vendlgAN
mynitOc . . . niinAWC 60
cyni^yt . . . i;yt 62
b/llt na owillt 1 56
yscwyda- -r maWR
discreinrt6r lavnAWR
;«awr . Mawr
di//ig . . . diLLad 100
(nuy . . . TRWY 102
Elffin-«(5f varchAWC
aniodaC'-r . . . gor-flbw-
yssaO-r . . . arvollaOR
t-/-dywet ElSunet 92
uuchcd . . . UUCHED
pet-wyr PET gwirion
di-i//-uar dicHwant 194
(jTcyv/ AWYDawc 196
j'j-cafyn vsceinat
o-r ys-/yh is : o-r/y5 is

gwlat . . . C.WLAT I 30

>iy . . neb . . NY . . NEB
ro5e-/>-t Israel
''d-c-illadem vuei
\uig . . AGwyr 158
ryved . . . rvved 106
dygwyn-^f vchyngar
\\e\s . . . dEu 1 12
ny {: n«) ... NY 82
l\\\y//i HiTHy(j//i.-
ar ormANT 84
gawher . . gaxet
iey<i y UL'D 114
glyw gloyw
gorliM^aC'c gorlASSar
rylyc-era.\vr RVlycCRER
lid . . . ui) 80
chwech. chwcc'hach
clc5(j cle5ivA 82
g\vyn-(i7cc . . goIudAWC 82
rt-n-wo-gaOn . . AnwogaC'n
amwt^m gwERin 144
rew . . REit 124

MI

BOOK OF TALIESIN

bTzi geveiW. . . tAT 124
67-25 ky.rreit kyscit 124
69-i9*(/)'(-hyval dychyfuii liyfyn-

veis DYI'VN gleis UYCHVl' UN

70-5 arfi'on arivav 122
70'lo o grelf-z/r . . gweladuK
70-26 Lly;«iNa(ic : LlelNawc 150
71-15 a rann-\\)'i . . KAN 146
72-1 rue . . RAC 146
72-13 y« EVR^yr/i t-«/-GVRN VN
72-22 ^'an Geli : (/an geli
73-6 or\\wy//ion . . ykwvTlllon
74-23 (/(j^-ovumDAROgan 176
76-10 l/rcu liREVryon 182
76-18 thi-ych-_)'///. .gyrchvNT 182
76-20 gwrit arch . . di ARchar
76-21 Uu-c/i . . Ilacnar
77-3 geiss«/. kystUD 184
77-4 7/c't/eu CREDEU cwyS-
yn/ . . tf rrYNT tOrvoeS
77-25 gwele/ ardeber 186
78-3 ur\.h-en- . . gor5EN

Repetitions

3-10 HE15 reith Aet ro5i 70

7-26 anclUT yscr/// 8

8-1 kEll. . dell : drull 8

8-8 TRoet . . /roet 8

9-21 eh\ST-ysi-yr 74
13-4 A . . ehelaETH a ffia-c//;
i3-i5*Al!ER/cr-y5on 160
13-24 NYS . . . nys . . dioe-J
14-12 KYN . . ^j'w-eilweit 162
14-19 dirvAWR vy5in-<z7£'r
14-20 gEir (kyv)-yrgcir 162
14-21 AM gOy . . . yam
15-15 erEiLL ar oscf/7/ 164
15-20 YN Uwyr yn eu 164
i6-i gwnaHO . . gwnn-Zw 166
16-11 vy«y5 : vv-//;'-5 =0y5
17-9 talliAWR . . anatar 168
17-15 olYDaw pr-j'(/-a\v
17-20 dilTErth gw-^-rth
18-3 gwarTH (kyv)ar/h 170

1 8-6 lletTA-A2-\vt 170
18-13 naMYN kech-tiiy/i
19-12 tr(a)e- /rut'-thawt 12
19-14 GNAwr . . ygiiawt . .

yi\.y-giia7L>l
20-2 AM OyTH am ediywy//;
20-7 s. UGEIN . . . w. ugeiii 14
20-22 Pet . . /-et . . Pet . ./-et
20-23 '"'^T •'^ UON . . pet auon
21-13 I'Y Gwyn. cog /j/ ^'■wyn 20
2118 CWD A . nod a niEw-t-nir
22-6 dyrchAV-rtt'-wyt 22
22-17 y" Kvrei yn f^'-roec 24
22-23 i^u"' b\\iz\\ : rwch
23-20 KEINT . . . keiitt 28
2yiz-i^ arNaw . . arwaw
24-8 goneu. . ang-ort'-eii . . gcdeii
24-21 eMwyt . . gny5-«-\vyt 32
24-22 sirian jenyssit 32
25-14 pl.yniAvyl 34
25-17 Kyi . . kyw\. : ^^c'ynt 34 '
25-22 O KKRWYTH 0. . o ffmytli
25-24 O pri5 o priSret 36
26-2 O . . o EURON . o enroll
26-6 vel . . . ve/ 36
26-10 VM . . . yn deu 38
26-18 EV OWRITH . . . ev givrith
27-26 cyscWYT . . canh-rty/ 44
28-17 prydER-cr 46
28-2o*l)U0 an du6c\\ 46
28-23 Py/ren 172
28-24 AM . . am I'ji
302 niCiON-wyw digon-z% . .

belEldyr o bltv'gheit 86
31-4 CREI . . . creith 98
31-9 TRI . . . \.ri . /-ri 98
32-6 gwlith . . . g-7C-lit 48
32-i4*MERlN . . merin 50
33-11 OGYRVEN . . ogyrven
33-15 DYbi rfylles 52
33-24 GWYDyon . . . gwyd 54
34-1 pEn rrn 54
34-23 Arwyneb «r//a\v 56
35-4 myNawc my/nceir 58

B.T.

A LIST OF SCRIBAL ERRORS

142

3517 Bre'whawi braga-ti/-t

. . . brfwawl 60
36-1 1 EURONwy ac Euron
36-17 AVON . (ivon 62
37-4 HEli hoet . heb 2
377-9 E|- . . E/. . ef. . v.v . . Ef. .
386* niArs a nKjrcedus OL a o-

\untts . . JupitEk Ven-fr-us
38-14 LLARA . . . //lira 154
39'9 gwyR rein 1 56
39-22 I'RElD . . prat/. . prdd 1 56
39-23 tAKr . . . Xaet 156
409 hidlKit molf/t 100
41-1 GALWKT-rtifr. . ga/ijet/awr
41-3 dyby5-//< . . . bry« 102
41-20 aM nyro a/«(/e 190
41-25 (;wenh\vys^^allt 192
43-18 UD ud (: wehci) 1 18
44-1* V . . ./molut 118
45-19 GWorwyd a .fw-Orgret 92
46-21 HO-//(7-naw-t
47-1* bydeC'/// : 'bydevn' dil//
47-2* huarWAS^^(«
47-22 anyveL . . gove/ : gover,

streum/el. llyr . //yr 194
47'23*y tliltyr . . kynfiiyr 194
47-24 gwawr . . . wa-w-r
47-25 HKUK.lis . . heueX\%
48-8 LLKU . . . -//ei 196
48-13 CARN avar-n . . \S . . ys

52-10 GWAS . . g^c'dS

52-2i*niawR . . inagidawr
54-10 gorEIl.-«>-\v
54-18 kyWKiR . . . g^ueir 126
55-4 lle(en)AWc . . llemin<iwc
56-1 1 BET . . . abet 128
56-16 EI neuyS . . kyved-tv-ly
57-2 Gryt_iy-ro.i,''<j-ran\vynion
57-5* GO speithic ^o-spylat 158
57-26 V.«.C\.\\\ .\-x . . . erc/ywat 78
58-14 a Me5 wt'-iie5wys 106
58-16 AC eur rjc AWR . ac iiwr
58-20 liVT . byt
58-26 aCHein . . . at//ein 108
59-18 GWIN . . . giuin 1 10

B.T.

6 1 -4* gwvn . . g(5ylein 82

61-10 ifU . . . bu

61-15 eiSOEl) kyhft-i/ 84

61-17 eurwr : eurt-r

6 1-22 owell^'anher

61-24 V \''' • ■ y vd

62-10 agoLLwyv . . argo//aC'r

62-18 gwEi.eis . . g\vf/cs 112

62-23 ^'y "-^'^ • • ^'y ""'

62-26 GWEN . . . ir%L'cn 1 14

63-7 MAWR . . . maivr 1 14

63-14 Tir Aihir /y

63- 1 9 ac VN we5 ac vn

SWN . . vn s6n
63-23 MEirO . . . meib : hil 116
64-3 svwvi) sy-Mdyd 78
644 RVGethly5 ryg-ethUc 80
64-6 anhaw5 . . a-itz-dloeS 80
64- 10 I'RA . . . /-Ta
64- 1 1 rytharvAWr . . barndn'r
64-15 GWALLAWC . . gwa//a\vc
64-16 Heur . . . ncut 80
64-17-19 kVNNyd . . h)'«//yd
64-21 mwyHAV ken/;<Ji/
64-24 (ibrvsi.KKl^giures gwres

tarth
64-25 tarrh . . . \var/h . cleiMVA

cXcdi'iarch 82
64-26 nvt . . . n/t
65-5 TcyrNed /eOr-/; 82
66- 18 uvlleinw . . (/y5a\v dy . . .

Ay bris dy brrs 142
67-4 vu5ugRe . . dug-/--a\vr 144
67- 14 ATHON . . athon 140
69-10 VEdy5. /'£'-dy5 120
69-12-13 ergry//awT . . Ilupaw-/
69- 13-15 K vv . . X;yt'-an wanec . .
69-16 k«'y«d- . . . y Gvvyl kyv-
69-18 A GWVNav ri/,'T(;>'/;it 122
70- 1 1 Edern kyn-f-dyrn
70-18 ehalaETil Kx-xcllt 150
71-20 -dOR . . edeith-«/- 146
72-lo*l'I.ElT . p/cil am

GAi'R . kacr e//atT 1 48
73-10 atrevnwvs nev-K'/ 152

'43

BOOK or TALIESIN

72- 1 3 VMK-gyrn . c«r-GYRN ''N

Haw . llaw/« vsci . ysci
73-i3*gwaRE peln' 152
73-21 aDAv da
74-20 cANt o rana-/;-t 176

•26 auu a««clyd 176
75-4 E'JU (If f«-rynni

MoNl lleen-///
75-8* berwHAVVT Xiftrwhodaivr

yssadtiTi'r 1 78
75-12 UoAvYs doLhwyc/tyt

do/aeth-Tty 178
75-15 hOYWeS . . gr<ywe5
75-26*arAWt . . erglywrtrt/ 180
77-10 TRAGllwy fraj^/idiiT Arydar
77-22 \G gabr j'g 186
78-3 havrKN vrth-t'«-cdic

Elisions.
3-25 roth\\;)'r : rothwy (j/jr
8-8 eri : e/ri(?') -yynnei 8

eri : eh'w vagei
13-23 y-\vrtli (/')eyrn 160
15-22 custuS (8)ac>Teu
16-9 prydaw(/) /uy5 166
et (r)odyn
gweiry(5) 5ihol 168
e//y5 : ez' (•t')y5 14
gyhava/ (^^Z f) ySynt 16

3-7

17

20

20

26-20 o dov(j'/!) yn uchel 38

30-10 beit : beiVC//) = beiSyS 88

31

36

10 beit : be;V(//') = beiSyS
20 a gawrf (</)y 100
13 rwn_^ (^)wytheint
38-6* marcedu/" (/)oI
39-8 cy/ (c)escl\vch 156
53-9 bu(S) Saear
5718 Urye/; («)oe 76
59-16 elor (r)y-5yged 166
61-16 ka/ kat (/')yvynner .

ge(r) /lawr
64-5 y wla/ (/)yt('ed 80
64-25 cie5iva(/) cleS 82
66-7 trindaw(/) /rugareS
67-26 ar (r)ei 124

68-26 gwledic (^)orbendevic 136
69 ! i*cune5av(i-) frcisery5
70- 1 5 achy(yc) /at cun 1 24
76-24 hy(/ ((/)r(jetheu 182
77-2 o ru5 : a(r) >-u5
77-22*glerf ((i^ygynniv 184

Notliiiig could bt more decisive
against the modern practice of doubling
consonants, not under the accent, than
the above elisions.

Metathesis
1-30 ffich//: ffich// 68
6 j/hei : j's hei 70

17
18

24
24
25
26
27'
28'
28'

29
29
29

3I'
31'

38'
39'
41-
41'
43'
45-
46-

•8 g«« : g(w)y/(2hont
-24 Vt'vyZ : toyZ 8
•g hydiuid : bydc-^'yS
-4 dy lieS : heS dy 160
■10 ym&2 : ym(l)r«S 166
■9 anadT : a.n6iir 168
•10 de6s : ddj's 170
■2 am- : man^icco 10
7 am 71/1 am : amCuyii) 22
■ 1 2 ped/yd : pt/ydrdwc
3 at'6 : aSt'vedic 26
■19, 68-4 )!y -.yn 30, 124
■24 ffe«n : J/hi>tt\vyb 32
7 brrtgat : brtrcat
2 vodron : vordon 36
19 ara/1 : arrt/l : a.ria\ 42

22 ovrwy : orSwy 172

23 T^iJrdwy ; {D)ovrdwy
13 ym^'riju : yriKz/ru 174
15 ca.mua//t(ia : cani/«Wu
22 ydrevj'w/ : ;y/ 86

2 marif : inaTivhawt 98
7 dr£7ch : d<j;-ch 98

24 yry'^w^n : Gywyn 154
17 nwchzVn : lycht'/n

1 2*d;'^vi : divvi
21 //yw : wyll 190

3 jrf: ^ 116

1 1 ar//(?T'eis : aLX^iollts 90
10 a/i?ho : af/(eu)

B.T.

A LIST OF sen I HAL ERRORS

144

5 rig gwastra : gwasta/ 130 16

53-10 naiiiyn : amiiyn 16

55-11 gorgori : i^oxhi(or 126 17

55-15 se;// : se/V 128 17

56-16 kyvi-(/(ei)/)' : kyv/yfrf i

56-26 /J/ : lyr lifi 18

59-3 wrtiiiti : wr Ait// =vir/tytfreu 18

59-15 (j/chet : /(7chet no 20

61-4 go6)' gbyn : gofd/vyn 21

i.e. go-gwySyn . . .

nia//;?-eu : mar//te\i 82

61-12 a //fu : af //« 82 30

61-26-62 see ii. 84-35-36 30

62-5 er//;ych : Pe/rycheis 84 32-
62-13 g"ar.f(Z : gwaj^rt(w)(r 86

62-23 kym/j : kyrryreu 114 ^y

63-16 benffy'C y : ffycy(r) pen 116 33-

64-2 o vr>-thon : o-\ier\.\\ox\ 78 35-

64-4 e/hlic : le(i)thic 39-

64-7 ^■wdy\\ : arf7£'j'(t)h 80 39-

64- 1 1 ry/ycr{Gr) : /yryiawr 39-

66-2 1 voy . . mawr : mawr . . vOy 40-

66-7 yn vn- : (Jy/zdaOt 142 42-

67-19 ren : ner 124 43-

67-20 tnw/Ias : tew das 124 53-

69-6 rriTi'/n : mywn 138 54-

70-3 hydriicr : hyArcii/KW 122 55-

lo-\i*g6in : bing 124 55-
72-3 kaA-/i : ca//// : cethlyS 146

72-9 <\cu : d(a)//£"lwch 148 61-

72-12 ^ffrcn : ^ryff\s'\ 148 61-

74-26 a«w8y5 : a byvyh 176 63-

75-16 h7t/£-(d)yd : hra'yd 178 63-

76-5* da;V/^awr : da/'r //awr 180 66-

76-6 xuvcm : ru/7.'cn 180 67-

77- 1 ba/ch : h/och = bnjcheu 1 84 69

77-8 \\6y : Wyw byrr tew 184 69

Glosses. y^.

g=a gioss on, ox for. 7^

3-9 cyvarws, g. ced 76

3-14 dwvyn dotnini, «_?-. 76

91 march, g. rt«/K'.f 72 76

13-20 leveir hyn, g. 8>'a'rt7i'(/ /-« 77

14-8 gwlat, g. rt«/«-8 162 77

B.T.

-15 ketwyr, g. r//«W)'8 167
-19, 32-19 mynych, g. ami

3 amser, g. oet 168
-14 diweir, g.^w/ryS
-3 kyvarfh, ■^.parclun'

10 milwyr, g. /■//(•///)'8 170

16 safhwynt, g. w/wn/
-9 yn awyr, g. n<ni 1 4
-12 an(a)haivr : anhawS y

Svvyn, g. anahuiyn 20
boct ef an duw, a g. 46
-17 iMo//, a gloss.

22 gwr, ^.gwas
■I3*a\vel, g. 'gwrlh {am Ave/)

a wyr Kiiim.' 50
■ 1 7 ynys, a gloss 54
■25 Bran, g. ninb hurryS

9 Prydein, g. Powysscb 58
6 Owein, g. iiyw 1 54
14 ri, g. riiyt/ 156
21 gwyn, g. il-uyd

23 deweint, g. nos 102

2 1 *dybrys, g. ar vrys 1 16
19 lliw, g. c/wcc 1 18

10 gawr, g. biot-b

1 7 gwlat, g. ri 1 26
5 drws, ■g. porth
io*niucliy5, g. cclncyh

ynys, g. bann 1 26
13 myned, %.yi)thfith 84
■2* ac Wlff, g. }ky/mm-
1 3 ym Powys, g. lowyssei 1 1 4

23 meib, g. /;// 1 16
1 3 aoryO, g. wnactli

1 8 ap vryen, g. Owein 1 24

24 'wyr IJryneich,' a g.

25 ofyn, g. <jrjw;;'(/ 122

23 eu havwyn, g. marcliogion

24 'Kymry,' ^. giu/at (1. 23)
5 auon, g. Tei^>i 152

3 duw urSin, g. creawdr cyv-
5* //aOr, g. dacr 1 80
16 arall, g. ■<('c//Vi' 1S2
16 y geissaw, g. dynynt 184
16 byhyt o(c), g. Iwerhon

145 BOOK OF TA LIES IN

A glance at the following instances, culled from the columns of
The Times, The Manchester Guardian, Daily News, etc.,
should bring home to the students of the Taliesin text that the errors
of the scribe are, in most respects, typical of those made by us to-day.

Anticipation — Do not d/Ver numerically : di^er . . . He started
to shouW wiLDly : to shou/ . . . with muj/ tfuSTo : miu7; . .
now matter how lightly : no . . . bold//?g- maintainiNG : boldly . .
County" TolstoY : Count . . . 2f e writes well : ht . . . sor/ Throat : sorf.

Repktitions — A very Fair /lirblind philosophy : /urblind .
tariKF^form : reform ... it Just y'roves my statement : /roves .
after severAL Aah : days ... to perceive the contending Points of
/iew : -view . . . Terrible Turkish T'rout : Rout . . . the artillERy
were moved along the vall^ry . . . eXAjramination . . . scenes of
Jubiylation took; place : jubilation took . . . qui«te ; quite.

METATHESis^wiiswer : answer . . . Rev J. P. declined to s\>ig the
Ulster covenant : si^« ... I asy : I say . . . orfm : form . . . h/iii :
him . . . msiprtd : inspired ... a crago of rice : cargo ... I fwan : I
mean . . . ou>rk\ng : waking . . . Russian pAjrols : patrols.

Orthographical oddities — H.M. Government raving decide
dto : having decide;/ to . . . German untrutcs : untruths . . . the Ger-
mans having mobilized their IFar Lord : Landwehr . . . Srince
William : Prince . . . p(i«/eau : pAj/eau . . . hzhyriuth : hahyrinth . . .
am//gamation and ama/^tmation : ama/^mation . . . Btla College :
Bala . . . pru//ent : prurient . . . heltered,: sheltered . . . the solos and
.f//oruses : (V;oruses . . . caused severe dames : damages ... he was
ilra//ed out : drai^^ed out ... a desolute interval : desolate . . . 'he
held the broad cast views' . . . He is using hi artillery smore paringly :
his artillery more sparingly . . . -lUat rtight : water-tight . . . John
Wesley at 80 foand punching a healthy exercise at 5 a.ni. -.preaching.

When we find grotesque mistakes of this kind in the newspapers we
use our common sense, and correct them by the context. Why should
we not do the same with the Taliesin Scribal Errors? Why should
we not seek for the right word in the right place — not merely a right
form of some wrong word, like ''raving^ '■punching,' ^dames,' and
' Trout' in the above instances. By ignoring history, sense, and context
we drag the poet down to the level of our own pet~i/ersity and ig-
norance; then, full of our own conceit, we blame Taliesin!

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX.

Aber, pob I3'25 = i6o ; trugein a.

23-14 = 26. \<l'^-

Aber, porth, 6 [ • 1 8* = 84. //. ebyr
Aber Co/6y, n. 38-24. A. Coiuyn
Aher Dyvt, n. 73-9.
Aber Gerenni, n. 31-17.
Aber li.einog, nn. 42-18, 71-1 ;

70-26*
Aber (per) y5on 13-15*, 15-4= ^(>°-
Aber Santwic 18-17= 170.
Aber Teh'i, nn. 43-4, 73-9.
Abrahe, hil, 52-1 1.
achwysson 3-1=68; 22-5 = 22;

24-4 = 28 ; 3320*= 54.
A5av 1-2, 2913, 7321, 7522 ;

hil Ada, 52-11.
adon 74-22=176; aedon 68-11 =

134; 69-5 = 138; archaedon

68-io-22*= 132.
aSuC'yn Gaer-eu 42-17/044=116.
a5(iyneu Taliessin 8-10 = 72.
Aercol, xxvi., 4520* = 92. Cadell
Aeron on the Dee, xvi., xix.,xxxi.,
30-9 = 86; 61 -10 = 82 163-6= 1 14.
Aeron, glyn, 73-4= 152. Curi/. s.
aessawr 57-10, 77-22*
Affrica 5-3, 80-2. [30-5 = 86.

agrtches, cat yr, = cadr a gyngres
agascia 5114= 130.
Aladur 34- 1 6* = 56. Arthur

alarch 22-1 1 =22.
Alban, x^iii. Scotland

Alclut, din xvii-viii., ryt x^'iii.,

cor. xr. 1.4 by n. 34-1 ;6i-i6*-22*

= 84. seeC.CAwx. Aldford

A/clut,ryl,ii-24*= 154. R.yGors
Alclut 17-13=168; cp.n.bx-xb.

146

Aldford, n. 65-3.

Alexander the Scot, ^OTy.,n. 41-23.
Alexander 5 1 -6 = 130. ? Saladin
Alexander 51-10*= 130; 53-19;

Alexander niawr 5219-20.
Alexandria 5-2.
allawr 56-1 1 = 128.
allgwmn, tir, 48-17= 196.
Allniyn, i.e. Alenianni, 13-7-23 =

160; 18-17=170; n. 77-13; A.
= all(jn 16-6= 166.
allniyn ( = 'i strangers) 14-16= 162;

15-22*, 17-7. \Rhoduyi

Aliin, ymhrysc, 61-17 = 84. y
amaethon 68- 1 6*= 134.
am-Hanogan, lieli, 72-14=148.
Amorica 51.
amrysson 36 = 68; 33'i9=54;

73''7 = '52; cyv-amrysson ger-

5eu 36-2 = 60.
Anarawt o hil Rodri, n. 70-19-21.
Anarawt, gwr o lin, 31-16*= 100.
anawell 41-8*= 104.
Andromeda, nn. 34-9, 54- 1 6.
Aneirin, z'ii.
Anfort(U, n. 3326.
angar kyvyndawt 1826, 19-10*
anghyvyeith 79-3; -on 73-14*
ang-wr 59-17*= 110; -wyr 56-25.
Anhun24-i2* = 30. c/*. B.B.C.81-5.
ar vynyS, xx.vini., f.n.71 ; 60-1 1.
A r llechwedd, 75-21*
armes 13-1 = 160; 18-21 = 170.
Arthur 279 = 40; 55-7. 56-3= '26;

Al/tdur= A. 34-i6; A./('rantur

34-22 ; gwrhyt A. 71-16=140;

march A. 48-7. Richard i.

I B.T.

147

BOOK OF TALIESIN

Arthur, bp. of Bangor, x.xh'-v.
Asia 8o-2 ; Asica 5-3 ; c. agasica

51-14= 130; g. g. Ascia 78-22.
athraw yn Dygen 42-6*= 192.
atporion 13-11*= 160.
A/rofins, n. 68-12.
AvacSu 19-5 = 10; 71-24*= 146;

mab Kerrituen 36-1 =60.
Avaon 47-25 = 194.
Awel 32-13; Avel 54-1. Abel

avon 21-22 = 20; 36-17 = 62; 22-4

= 22 Red sea; Gwiawn a., 32-23

= 50. see Havren.
awdyl 34-15 = 56; -oe5 64-6 = 80.
Awen 13-2=160; i6-6=l66; 27

-14 = 42; 31-23 = 46; 337 = 52;

34-15 = 56; 35-6 = 58; 62-26 =

114; 70-16=150; 80-4; ?35-4*
Babilon, ciwdawt, 51-13= 130.
baeS 26-17 = 38.
balaon, 14-22= 162.
Bala-on, .r.m'., 70-22*= 150. fi2.
Ba>igor,hf>.of, nn. 67- 18- 19; 69-8-
banyar 37- 15* = 4.
BarS 8-3 = 8; 19-1 = 10; 26-7 = 36;

bargad v. 22- 1 5 = 24 ; wyv b. 3-5

= 68; 71-23, 72-1 = 146; b. neu-

a5 8-17=10; b. swyn 7-20 = 6;

b. gyvreu 3-23 = 70. //. BeirS

8-i8=io ; 31-24 = 48 ; 53-17;

69-17 = 122; b. bedyS 57-16

= 76; b. Brython 7-13 = 6; b.

Prydein 43-21 = 118 ; n. 70-4 ;

b. Mon 70-4= 122 ; b. treis 32-

14 = 48 ; b. tut 32-1 =48 ; b. y

byt 58-20=106; 63-22=116;

80-9 ; b. ovrython 642* = 78 ;

buarth b. 7-12-16 = 6; cylch b.

ii. i6-ii8.
barSoni, cam, 3-9; angerS v. 20-5.
Bargotyon 70-23=150.
Basi/iffwerk, xxi., xxxTi'ii., nn.

42-6-8; 43-26; 65-10.

Beda, ITyvreu, 36- 1 9 = 62.

bedw 25-18*

bedy5 6-14, 38-13=154 ; 66-15 =

138 ; 69-9=120 ; 75-16=178 ;

80-3; beirS b. 57-16 = 76; dynb.

57-14 = 0.0.76; rwyv b., 56-17

= 0. ap Kadwgan 158; pen b.

65-26 = Erov, i.e. John 142.
being, tal, 70-15*
Be Zeus, n. 55-14.
Beh, vii. meib o, 70-20*; ani-Han-

ogan 72-14= 148; ynys, 72-15*
beh 30-26 = 98.
Bernicia, X7n.,
Bersabe, dyffrynoeS, 5-10.
berth Maw ac ei5in, o, 29-26* = 86
berthwyr 78-6= 186.
Berwyn n. 14-19; 61-17*, 8o-i8.
Bethleem 6- 18.
biw 35-2 = 58; 38-23, 39-3*7-i5*'

20; 45-21; biw blith 59-13, 70-7 ;

biw moel 398 ; biw mab idno

38-16=154.
B.B.C. n.44-8io.
Blathnat, n.66-18.
blei5 nav 8-24 = prei5 nav 72.
BleiS, u5 gorllwyd, 44-5*; n. 64-1.
BlodeuweS = g. o vlodeu 36-4 = 62.
bclTt, nn. 39-14, hfH^ 17-11, 41-25.
Boras, n. 15-1.

Brachan, gwlat, 45-26* = 92.
Bran 33-2 5 = wffi5 /rfcryS 54; enw

y deu eir = B. Vendigeid 22-8*

= 22; b. =braw 42-5 = 192.
brawd 19-26=14; 31-18=100;

80-25 = 188; b.escor 68-8= 132;

march b. 3115 =98.
brecci 41-7*= 104; bonhe5 Ilyn

32-11=48.
Brecheinawc30-2 1 = 88. cp. 45-26*
brein 21-16, 39-16, 51-20, 60-23,

76-19, 80-25.
breith. seehnch, cath, neidyr,brith.

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX

148

brenhin 9-22 ; b. gor5en 783= 1 86.
Bretonia 68-25= 136.
bre. see Ei5in, Eryri, GwynionyS.
bre trvvyn 306 = T. Moelvre, 86.
Bra'Sini? : Hre Edwin), .f.nV'/.
breOyn, Ilawr, 6 1 • 1 7 = 84. A/oM
breyr 14-11 = 162, 63-17=116;

?6i-i7 ; -yon 76-10*
brith 21-6; brithi brithoi 74-20.

see cleSyv, breith.
Brithan/wi : Britht^ni, 74-21*= 176
Brithion xi. see s.v. Brython.
bro 8-12, 17-2; 30-6, 38-15-18-22.
Brochvael Powys, xxv., 33-7 = 52;

45-10-21 =go.
'Bnvnws, ys/ra/, n. 39-15.
Brwyn bron bradawc, 48-11.
brych. see cenedl, ych.
brychwyn, gwyr 77-25*= 184.
liryn Guydion, nn. 36-12, 71-23.
Bryn Moryal, n. 65-2, b,
Bryn Seitli marc hog, n. 14-26.
Bryneich, gwyr, 69-24* a gloss
Brytanyeit, xi.
Brython jr., ^xn'., 7-13 = 6; 13- 1 1*

= 160; 14-8=162; 15-18=164;

63-8=114; 71-6=150; 72-23,

73-18=152:75-2*= i76;Bryth-

ron 24-3 = 28; adj. 77-13.
Brython : Brithion 3-4 = 68; 34-4

= 54 ; 36-16 = 62 ; 753= 176;

marini B. 1-30 = 68. Scotti

brython, o, = go-rithion 26- 1 =36;

64-2 = go verthon 78.
bualeu 65-15 = 96.
buarth beir5.r^.r/., 7-12-16 = 6 ; n.
buch vreith 75-7*= 178. [64-23
buch Anhun 24-1 i* = 3o. t/.buch-

e6 69-7= 138.
bu5ug-re 67-3*= 144.
bu5was 68-24* = 1 36. King John
bu5yant uffern 3-15 = 70.
Bwkh y Dinas 14-26*= 164.

B.T.

bwrr bythic. see gwr b.b.

bwyeid 1-26= 166.

bwystnon 44-26.

/57iyj-/viled, n. 29-13= 172.

bydav 8-9* = 8 ; 64- 1 7* = 80; byd-
e7/y8 47-i*; 64-22* = 8o.

cad- see cat-

cadavarth 9-20 = 74.

cadeir 34-i9 = cadr 56.

cadeir 35-5 ; c. gyniv 35-6 = 58 ;
cyw c. 8-17=10; c. getwided
36-19 ; -eu 36-8 = 62.

cadeir. see Kerritwen, Taliessin,
Teyrnon, teyrn.

Ca(iel/,xx''i., nn. 45- 16-20. j-^^Cat-

Kadwaladyr. see Kat-

Cadwgan ap Blehyii, nn., 43-9, 70
-22,73-i-9;tatOwein39-7=i54.

caer 18-24= '7°; teir c. 35-7; ped-
eir c. 35-8 = 58; cant c. 71-17 =
1 46 ; a5wyn geyryS 8-10 = 72-74.

caer 44-8* = 1 20 ; n. 45-26. Carm.

caer kerin : gerein 1-22* = 66.

Caer ffrangcon 36- 12* = 62.

Garadawc 65-4*. ? Carawg
gar/hawn 1-10 = 64.
Geri 15-3*= 164. Kerry, Mont.
Glut 653* = 82. Aldford

golud 55-18 = go-vur 128.
Gwenfrewi : Gwen/Veri, 30-12
= 88. Dinas Basing

li welyd = lyw elvyS = 9-12*
Ligualid, n. 69- 1 2, *. Chester
Ilion : Lonion 73-12*= 152.
Nazared 47- 15.

A'evenhir 24- 1=28. Mevenyh
Ochren 56-4= 128. Acre

ovanhon 3-2* = 68; n.68-l6.
pedr>-van 54-25, 55-9*= 126.
Rian 29- 1 8* Maiden's cas.

rigor : rigol 55-13 1 Joppa

Roma 5-2.
Ry/iwc 29- 1 8* = 1 7 2. Beeston c.

149

BOOK OF TALIESIN

CaerSidi34-8 = 54;54-i9-24=i26;
n. 5416. Joppa

Van- : Gan-d\vy55-2 5= i28;n.
veSwit 55-8*= 126. [5514-
ve5awc 41-23*= 190.
Weir : Weri 137*= 160.
Weir : Veir 69-12*= 120.
Wydyr 55-14= 128. Acre

Wynt 15-23= 164. Winchester
Wyrangon 4 1 -25 = 1 90. Wor-
yspy5awt 3 1 - 2 = 98. \cester
caereu, nev, 54-15; aSwyn geyryS

42-17= 1 16.
Caersalem, n. 47-14.
caeth Dyvet 43-8= 118.
Kaim 54-2; 11.32-13 = 50; Cein47-4
kizlan 42- 1 4* = 1 92. \Cain

Calch vynyS 38-11*= 154.
calethvm 69-20=122.
canawon 42-1 = 192. see cenaw.
Candevia, n. 55-14.
canholic : cynhoric, 23-31* (9-12.)
ca«-on/iy5 : caron0y5 69-i7= 122.
cant caer, c. maer, c. Hen, c. pen
71-17=146. ("-15 = 28.

canhwr 15-6=164; 2615 =38; 55
Cantrev Bychan, n. 45-25.
CanuVryen 5765; t. y Bytbychan
80-6 ; c. y Byt mawr 79-8 ; c. y
Cwrw 40-20 ; c. y Gwynt 36-22 ;
n. 37-20; c. yng-hov 7-21 =6.
Capharnawm 5-4.
Caradawc, march 48-5= 194; tad

C. 41-23*; caer C. 65-4*
Carawc 41-23*= 190; ?65-4 = 82.
Carmarthen^ nn. 44-8, 45-16; C.

castle, nn. 44-1 1, 57-1.
carnavlawc, tri, 4811.
carrec, bar, 44-3 = 1 20.
Cartasine 5-11.
Carwed, n. 41-23, b.
casnar 13-5 = 160.

W.deBreos

cassul a-m cawc 26-22* = 38.
castell Marie 5-8.
Caswallawn ap Beli 70-20.
cat ar Cowyn 38-24, ^*= 154.

ar Wy 4516^ 92.

ger Tlawr bre//yr 61-16. Mold

glutuein 61-19* = 84.

Godeu 23-9*-2o* = 26; 33-23.

yng Wen/i;eri : Gweii/>-eOi 30

-12 = 88. Dinas Basing

lavnawr a bereu 61-3 = 82.

ym prysc Alun, 61-17 = 84.

yn Aber 6 1 - 1 8* = 84. in Man

yn ryt Alclut 6 1 - 1 6* = 80.

yn ryt/ Cars 38-24*= 154.

yng-hoed 30- 10 = 88. ? Eiilo

yng-o:^un\vy5 38-25 = 154.
Cartage mawr a minor 5-22.
Katelling Ystret 45-i6* = 92. Vale

of Towy.
cath vreith 73- 12,* ae hangyv-
ieithon - 1 4* = l 5 2 ; c. penvrith

cathleu

10; .'74-12.

L48-2

catholic : cynhoric 9-12 = 72;
c/.n.23-2i. [=158.

katraeth = gwyr ka5r aeth 56-14*

katraeth = IIyw ka« traeth 62-22*

kat t y-bru5awt, coch, 3 r 1 7* = 1 00.

katva 63-19= 116.

katvaon 24-2 = 28; 39-13= 156.

katwaladyr 15-19; gwaladr 15-12
= 164; 74-24=176; 76-21, 77-5
-22, 78-8-17, 80-17*= 182-188.

Katwaladyr 17-23=168; 18-13 =
170; 31-13 = 98; nn. 34-1, 44-13.

Catwallawn 73-9. Cadivgazun

Kaw 72- 1 1 = 1 46. King John

caw 19-16=12; 62-4 = 84.

cawc 26-22* = 38.

kawell 7i-io = *i44. creel

Cawr-nur, 71-15* Henry Hi.

Kawyl, eil, 71-11 = 144.

cawxnMX : cawr mnr 34-20* = 56.

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX

Cawrnur, tnaer, 71 15* =144.
kech- = cyrch Katwaladyr 18-13.
kechmyn Danet 14-6*= 162.
kychmyn : ky/chyn 13-22=160.
Keidaw 48-12 = 194. j^^ Kethin.
keilyawc brithwyn 22-22 = 24.
Cein 47-4*. see Kaim.
ceinhawc 28-12= 14.
keinyat 7-18 = 6; 37-23 ; -yeit 7-20
kei« : kei.f.fyadon 73-10'*= 152.
keiric = keiryS, 77-20*; aSwyn g.

42-17 /(J 44-16= 1 16-120.
C^xxiog 14-20*= 162; n. 15-1 ; Cer-

yawc 603= 1 12; 63-2*= 114.
keissaton6i-6 = 82; kei«- 73-10*
celein vein 802 5. W. de Breos
celein veinwen 38-20= 154 = c^^rj^
kelenic 43-23= 1 18. \of Nest

cell, creawdyr, i>T\T, rfan geli

72-22* ; uch cell 12-17 ;

de celo 6-19.
clas 15-21 ; das 54-21 = 126 ; (6o-i

= 112); torn das 67-20* = 1 24 ;

gwyn glviS 19-2 1 = 12.
Clas Ffichti 42-22*= 1 16.
claw5 (? Offa) 59-26 =112.
clawr elvy5 52-6; c. gweilgi 42-18
cle5 64-25 = 82; parth g. i ri6.
cleSyv 23-16=28; c. gwein carreg

45''4 = g- gaW/et 92; c. brith

26- 16* = 38; c. culvrith 23- 10*

= 26; c, Hachar y enw 26-18

= 26; cle5yvaOr42-i2*
cle6yv lluch Heawc : r/eSyv Hu/Vh

Het-wawc 55-4.
cleir/V : cleir 9-12 = 72; 128.
clot-leu 33-6=52; clot-van 57-17.
cludwys vro 38-21 = 154.
Clut brook, xix; f.n. 35; n. 34-1.
Glutton, xix.

Clwchi/tVKnwchDyrnogjn. 28-21.
clwyr cyffes = //\vyr gyffes 33" 13*
Clwyt 48-2*= 194. L=5--

B.T.

Clytwyn 30- 1 = 86.

cnut 68-1 = 124.

Cocholyn 67-5 = 144; n. 66-18.

coel ganawon 42-1*

Coel : X'oel = /roel 60- 1 5 = 90.

Coding 70-16= 124.

Coat 30-10 = 88; c.cogni 74-22* =

176; c. y era, n. 30- 1 4 ; see Pen c.
Coleshill, XX!.
cogeu 9-8 = 72; 75-14= 178.
Coll ap Heli 70-21*.
colovneu Ercwb 66-3*= 142.
Coluyn 21-6=18. ? Calen-us

contractions, n. 7- 1 3.
Conwy 31-4 = 98.
corn 352-5 = 8; c. cadwr 31-18 =

100; kornan 48-9.
Comyw, XX., i3-io* = Cornovii

160; ? 28-26*
Corroi 66-20*-25*, mab Dayry

66-i9*-22= 142; cyvrancCorroi

a Chocholyn 67-5 = 144.
corwc gwytrin 32-14*= 50; corwc

y-myr 23-15 = 26.
cov, yn, 7-21=6; 38-8.
Cmuyn 38-24*= 154. \lew

crec mor ednein 44-3* = 1 20. cur-
Crei, march Cunin, 48-9.
Creifylciii, n. 7 1 - 1 4.
creisery5.i'.i-/7'-i/.,69- 1 1 = 1 20; 1 28.
CreuSyn, xx., 75-19*= 180.
Crist 4-22, 56, 6-3, 12-10-11, 24

-4-14, 27-10, 46-6, 68-21, 69-6,

74-9; C. Jesu 105, 12-22, 45-8;

croes C. 52-16; croc 12-15-23.
Cristin, .r.xiv., nn. 59-17, 699.

see 75-24= 180.
Cristioni 458. Cristyawn 7826.
croes, niis/ortune, 572= 158.
Cruc Dymet, xxi'i., 45-20 = 94;

n . 4 5 - 1 6. Dry s hoy n cas.

'5'

BOOK OF TALIESIN

crys-yrwydrat, hasty flight, vol. ii.

'5'^'33; </. crys-gwybat, a sud-
den/a!/, vanquishntcnt.
crythawr 722= 146.
cun : cynran 61-20 = 84; deu ^'ww

73-1*== 152; cii 68-19.
Cmifbii ap Cadvjallon ap Griffyh

ap K'yiian, n.70-2.
'cuncdav' 69-1 1*22*; marw c.

69-18*; Ilys, crys c. 702 ;

cymun c. 70-6*;

mab Edein 70- 1 1 — 1 20. Urien
Cunin, Crei march, 48-9.
cunlleith 46-26. Kynlleith, xiii.
Custenhin 48-16.
Cwm Ceruyn 44-15*= 120.
cwm//in 69-16*= 120.
cwrwv 2 1 -7 =- 1 8 ; canu y c. 40- 1 6

= 102; n.41-9.
kychniyn. see kechmyn.
ky-chwe5yl 38-11 = 154; 39- 1 1

= 156; 48-18= 196.
cyffes 33- 1 3 =-52.
cyllenawr 75-17=178.
kylyon 44-25.
kymangan 46-2 = 94.
kymaran 59-20. see no.
Cymraec 9-23 = 74; ii. 24229.
Kymro, eil, 18-14*= 170. O.G.
Kymry {country) 1-24-25 = 66; 13

-19=160; 14-22 = 162; 15-9-13;

18-19=170; 31-11=98; 38-15

= i54;4l-23= i90;68-24= 136;

75-5 = 178; 79-6.
Kyniry(/ft)//f)i3-8= 160; 14-10,

14-11, 14-17=. 162; 15-25 = 164;

i6-20*-2i = 166; 17-6=168;

18-9=170; 29-15 = 172; 34-1

= 54; 75-19*; 78-7=186;

K. for Ffreitic 71-3=150.
cymry : cymnwed 34-2 = 54; for

kymyrreS 70-24= 150.
cymun 70-6= 122.

B.T.

kyn : cyn= Tyn aethwy 68-ig* =
Kynan [ap Jago] 74-25 [134

= 176; n. 70-21.
Kynan ap O.G., xx7>., n. 44-13; =

K. 'garwyn ap B.' 45-lo*-2i-24
kynan ; kyn/'an = 7. Gr. ap Kyn-
an 29-2*= 172; ». O.G. 17-22 =

168; 18- 1 2*= 170;? 15-1 7= 164;

iii. Khun ap O.G., n. 341 ;

iv. Howel ap O.G. 3i-i2* = 98;

21. Lord Rhys 46- 1-4* = 94.
kynan : cenaw 64-18 = 80.
Kynbyn, xxxii., 26-21 =38. Kyn-

vyn of Powys. [59'2

Kyn5el xii., xvi., xxt., nn. 18-3,
cynghallen 7 1 -20* Hubert de B.
cynghallen 72-3* W.ofLongchamp
cynhon 71-5 = 150/^r ? cyn-don.
cynhorig(ion), nn. 23-21, 33-21.
Cynlleith xiii.,
cynneir, n. 54-26.
cynran 61-20 = 84. H. fitz H.
cynran 79-5; deu g. 12-18. see
Kynvael,nn.44-i3,45-i 1. \kynan.
cynvreint, n. 44-2.
kynweissat, tri, 34-24* = 56.
cynnwys 13-10*= 160.
cyr5e5, n. 66-10. see cerS.
cystwm cywlad 8-6 = 8.
cyvarws : ced 3-9 = 70.
cyvarwy5, tri, 34-25 = 56.
cyvestrawn had, tri, 39-24*
kyvranc 31-22, 56-58, 6122; k. C.

a C. 67-5. \= 192.

kyvrenhin ysceirvrith, xxviii., 42-5
kyvrwys, ep. of Kerritwen, 36-10
kyvyndawt : cwyndawt, 18-26,

19-10*= 12.
cy w cadeir 8-17=10.
cyweithyS, 17-15-22=168; 18-9 =

i7o;54-3;6o-2l =9o;cyweithy5

= Kadwgan 43-9*; du g. = nigri

gentiles 17-18= 168.

GENERAL INDEX

152

cywlat 8-6 = 8; 11-23; Si"3;=i30;

64-27, 65-1 = 82; 70-11*= 122.
kywyd 7-3; 19-6= 10; 25-14 = 34;

31-22 = 46.
Danes, n. 17-18.

Danet 13-25*= 160. Thanet

Danet 18-5 = 170. Forest of Dean
Danet, kechmyn, 14-7*= 162.
clarogan, x.n'ii., 3- 1 4 ; 77- 1 4, 80- 1 7.
Daronwy 28-21*24=172.
DavyS 53-19; ?=Uovy5 1-23*
I)avy5 ap O.G., nn. 31-2, 35-8*,

35-13,40-15, 68-7.
daw 66- 1 9-24; GMViiaiuy 2-1^. LPn
Dayry, Corroi mab,66- 19-22 = 142.
Decembris 6-10.
'deSyv Ilwyth niienawg" 55-4 = 1 26;

deSvon Kerritwen 36-9 = 62.
Deganhwy 33-19=54; n. 75-19.
Deheu,.i'7';y., 11-15, .'66-24*= '44;

arwr : //yTfj'D. 66-22*; cylchyn

D.,n.67-i ; gwyr U. 1510= 164;

IluyS D. 46-26; Keen D. 4610;

moch o i)., 36-5 = 62; o leutireS

D. 39-11 = 156; o parth D. 77-6.
Deheubarth 38-12=154; 77-19 =
Deles, n. 19-21. [184.

deon 33-21, 34-6, 68-9 ; n.73-3 ; 1 29.
derw, n. 2415; 25-io*-i9* = 34 ;

29-10= 172; derw yt 64-22*
dcrwyS 74-26; -on 18-3= 170;

27-8 = 40; 32-25 = 50; 47-8;

76-9= 182.
Deproffani, ynys, 5-17.
deu di-archar, d. erchwyn, d. geid-

wad, d. liael, d. unben 17-24-
deu^"-//// 73-1 = 152. [18-2=170.
deu Iwch : d(juelwch 72-9=148.
deu tec 5 1 - 1 * = 1 30. Rich. Sr'Jo/in
deu wayw anchwant 26-1 1*=38.
Deu-traeth, eillon, 43-8*= 1 18.

in Pern. f73'23-74-6.

deu-5ec meib a threv yr Israel

B.T.

Devwy, doleu, 55-21 = 128;

nn.55-14*, 63-13.
Dewi 14-15 = 162; 16-5-23=166;

18-23=170; Dewi Srtnt 17-4;

TyDewi 17-5 = 168.
dewin 6-1, 42-5 = 190; 46-24;

S3-3-i2;67-9=l4o;77-l4=l84;

80-5; -Aab 72-5.
Dtiws 10-4-12; 41-2; 42-22; 46-14.
diffeith 75-4-5-14.
dif/erogyon, dievyl, 33-27* = 54;

(JwySyl, kyl 5iu- 3-4* = 68.
(Iiheny5 54-8.
dilTat, iiiai/, armour, 7-22; 8-14 =

8; 575= 158; 61-24 = 84;

clothing 40- 1 3 = 1 00.
Dilyw 24-14, 27-10, 36-23, 48-22.
l^in Alcltid, xvii. see Glut.
Din EiSwg 29-18*. If eihwg=

'adjoining' (P.), Din E. is Caer

Eslyn, opp. C. Gwrle \G7urle
Din EiSyn 2918*= 174. ? Caer
Dinas, Bwlch y, 14-26*
Dinbych 4317= 118. Tenby

dinitra = ? din terra, 51-11. ? Gaca
dinifdra 51-1 1.
Din Oethwy 68-19*= 134.
Diwed ap Beli 70-21.
Del wyhe/ein en Prydein 80-20*.
doleu. see Devwy, Edrywy,

Havren, Prydein. fD. 36-4.

Don, Hys 36-10 = 62; Gwydion ap
dorglwyt 69-23= 122.
DovyS, God, 6-i6, 7-4, 10-3, 17-25,

24-5. 26-17, 3''2i, 32-21, 36-1,

37-23, 40-12, 53-14-27, 74-5; =

Jesus 10-9; geni D. 47-17;

hil D. 52-12.
dragon 32-25 = 50; 39- 1 4 = 1 56 /.^.

O. ap Kadwgan; 63-26 = 78

= Maelgwn ap O.G.
dragonawl ben 68-25 = ' i^- ^"'^' '■
dreic= Dauphin of France, 721 1

'53

BOOK OF TALIESIN

dreic 77-13* 78-13. cp.yyb*
drysi, n. 24-20.

Dryslwyn cas. xxvi. , nn. 4 5 • 1 6- 20.
dryw 7-18 = 6; drywon 77-15*
Uu (oe5 mor enwawc), inarch B.

48-10= 196.
Du gyweithyS 17-18*= 168.
Uulyn, gwyr 13-9=160; Gynhon

16-24* \/\/!ys

duiaOt : tiriaOc 31-16=100. Lord
Duw 20-3, 28-20-22, 31-21, 65-20,

72-23; 73-18-25, 76-3, 78-19,

79-9-19-23; D.dovy5 31-21 ; D.

Reen 52-10. see Dews, Dovy5.
duOch 28-20* = 46.
dwvyr ech\vy5 32-20 = 50.
dwvyn 3-14*; -wedyS 52-12; dy-

vyn w. 19-9*= 12; 31-22 = 46.
D^uy 14-18= 162.
dwyrein 29-7, 60-14, 73"24, 76-4.
V)ybr&\i : De//eu 66-24*
Dygen 42-7*
dylan 27-21 =42; tir d. 35-1 1 = 58;

d. eil mor 26-9 = 36; d. eil ton

67-8*-i3*= 140; cp. 'Uiw tonn

dylan.' P. 169-19.
dyledawc 13-19= 160. {gc'

dyn clut 73-7 = 152. O. ap Kadw-
dyvet : tavlet -=-tabu!eta,?>-iy = 10.
Dymet, cruc, 45-20* Dryslwyn c.
Dyved 15-26= 166; 18-5 = 170; 38

-16=154; 78-14= 186; kaeth U.

43-8= 1 18; nn. 44-10, 45-20-22.
eaws 9-8.

ebostol, 68-21 = 136; ebestyl4-i3.
ebostol : gorchestol 54-19=126.
ebyr, di-\vng 67-1 = 144; Gwery5

18-6=170; Henv-elen 33-4 = 52.
Echalde 5-8.

echen 61-12 = 82; pen e. 5-7.
Echwy5, yr, 18-7=170; 3821

= 154; 57-i4*=76; 58-2 = 78;

60-17 = 90; eil E. 75-1*= 176.

B.T.

Edern, mab, 70-1 1 = 122. O.G.

Edernion, xiii.

Edrywy, doleu, 27-4* = 40.

eSystrawr 70-7,^*. cp. A. 5-4.

effeirat 37-26 = 4.

eginyr, gwlat va^, 63-19= 1 16.

Egipcion 44-26; -tius 45-6*

e-glan, c. yn yr, 43- 1 5* Tenby.

eglwys 9-13; e. Bach(uy) n. 4 1-23.

egroes 21-9*

ez5in : e5nn 22-22* = 24.

EiSin, xxiii., 30-20=88; Din E.

29-18*= 172.
Ei5in, ac, 29-26* = 86. in Pern.
Eifft, yr, 44-16* see Egip-.
eigawn 52-22, 78-1 ; eig-yawn

32-4-9, 52-21, 73-9=152.
Ei5u-g. see Din EiSwg.
€\\, fosterlings 1 29.
e. angheu 60-4.

e. Ka wyl 7 1 - 1 1 = 1 44. ? Konwyl
e. coet cogni 74-22= 176. i^y
e. Echwy5 75-1*= 176. Gr.apK.
e. Math 26-3 = 36. f Gwydion
e. mor 26-9 = 36; e. ton 67-8*= 140
eil ^ Lat. ali-us, second.

Kymro 18-14= 170. O.G.

ITu o Ynt 31-1 1.

mehyn 61-15 = 84.

synhwyr, pwyllat, 79-13.
eilevvyS 19-18=12.
eillon 3-5 = 68; e.Deudraeth 438

= 118; eilon 63-6 =114.
Eingyl, .r.r., i-6* = 64; 1-28 = 66;

58-3 = 78;75-i9=i8o;77-ii* =

184; =Teg-Eingl 6i-2i* = 84.
eirch, n. 59-1.
eircheit, meirch y, 68-3.
eiryf ab gwengan 10-15.
elawr, n.72-io,i^; elor 59-16.
Eleanor., queen, n. 34-24.
elestron 3-i* = 68; 33-25 = 54.
elein 9-19 = 74.

GENERAL INDEX

"54

Elffin(awc) 40-19. j^-^" Elphin.
Eli 12-17; 21-20= 21 ; E//as 2r20.
Eloi 72-22*
Elphin.r.i-.r?'., 19-23= i4;23-8 = 26;

35-21=60; 40-i5*-i9*= 100;

80-6; pendevic r., 33-21 =54.

cp.Mlfin.in. vryuri. Pen. MS. 16-53.
Elvet 64-13*, 78-16. Elmet

Eweas 21-20 = 20. E//as

England, n. 46-2.
Engleliekl, xxii., xx.xin.
Enlli, tireS, 331 5 = 52.
Enoc 12-24.
Enor, dyffryn, 5-22.
enw dcii cir = Bran vendigeit 22-8*
enu gynyeit, 5-13*. Eobba, vii.
Epitlietic, xxvi. Eponynis, xxxv.
eppa : epaOl 7513= 178.
Erbin = Gr. ap Kynan, blaen Hin

of O.C, 42-26*= 1 16.
Ercwl/" : Ercwl/'66-4* Hercules
ErcO(lfr) 65-26*, 66-2-6= 142. see
Eret/ilin, n. 4 1 - 2 3. \_Erotr

eri : ? eiriv 8-8 = 8.
Erov65-24*-i'd= 142; E. greulawn

bb-2-6, 66- 1 2*- 1 6 = 1 38. /o/in
eryr = (Tyr 9-4 = 72.
eryr guytheint 71-24*, 72-1. Lieu
eryr tir 6314= 1 14. O.G.

eryr uch wybyr 43-1-2*= 1 16.
Eryri 72-21*; 75-4= 176; 8019 =

188; E. vre 31-10 = 98.
escyrn nyOl 2215 = 24.
Eslrat Hniniis, n. 56-24.
Ethiopia 47-10* Babilon

Eiilo, xxi., xxviii.
euron 26-2 = 36.
Euron 36- 1 1 = 62.
Euronwy 36- i I. '■gwreic Urien J?.'
Europa5-4; 36-20 = 62; 51-16 =
Europin 78-25. L'3°! 8°'3-

eurowyn : e/; Vro \Ven(ystrad)

57-11;* (/.n. 56-24.

B.T. A

eurteyrn GogleS, xvii., 58-9 = 78.
Eustace fitz J., xxz'i. JC^HaearneiS.
euuyS, ac, ybr ?a cenvy5 36814*

= 134. (/.3-1*
Eva 73-22.
Evrei 22-17 = 24; 4417; 45-9;

ieith 5-12; 6-5; Evrein, n. 45-7.
Evxoac : Groec 2217 = 24.
ewic 9-19 = 74.
EynaCin 9-6 = 72.
ffalium, gwyS, 1-15=66.
Famen 78-23.

fftnix- : J/c/nlwyh 24-24*= 32.
IFeryll 27- 1 2* = 40.
IFich-// :-// 1-30 = 68. Picls

IFichti, clas 42-22*= 1 16; GwySyl

IF., 72-16= 148.
ffin, torv teir, 56-23= 158.
Fisher King, n. 33-26.
IFlaniSwyn, .m'., 60-9-12-21=88;

67-24 = 1 24. Henry ii.

Flemish, nn. 39- 14-24.
IFoxas 15-1*= 164. Boras

ffra : vre or -.'ro. .vcf GwynionyS.
firangcon, nant : ? Caer'^d- 1 2* = 62
IFra7f 13-4; 70-18= 150. Aberffro
Ffreinc 13-2= 160; [70-16], 71-j.
IFrocnvon, march S., 48-15= 196.
ffrwt ar Lego 16-5*= 166
ffynhawn 32-9 = 48; 34-1 1 = 54; n.

54-16; dyffynhawn Iydan66-l8;

66-23-25 = 142; leir ff. 1-9 = 64.
Gafis, gwlat, 78-22.
galldarus : caldarius 5114= 1 30.
GallwySel 1-6* = 64.
galyslcni 57-9*
garan : gran-\\\x\\cm 57-2 = I 58 ;

an-wynion 73-12=152.
garanwys 5-2.

Garmawn 17-9=168. . Gerinani
Garnion 7424*
garthan2i-i4 = 20; 23-19 = 28;

39-1 = 154.

'55

BOOK OF TALIESIN

Gafran, xxiii., 30-21. f Gniban,
Geoffrey, x.xhi., n. 70- 1 9. yBrec.
Gerald of Pern, nn.39-i6; 73-II.
Gilbert of Pern. , n . 5 6 • 1 4.
Gildas, ix.

glaswawt T., 30-23, 31-20= 100.
Glyn Aeron 73-4= 152. inCard.s.
glyvv Reget STT* see 158.
Glywyssyng 15-26= 166.
godeu 24-8 = 30; g\vy5godev, xiv.,

2524 = 36; 32-18 = 50.
Godeu, xh'., xxxi'., 59-1 1 = 1 10;
cat G., 23-9-20* = 26, (33-23* =
54); G. a Reget 60-10 = 88;
62-7 = 84; goro/=? Godeu 598
= 110. Baschurche hundred

GodoSin, ym-Horth, xxviii., 42-4

= 192. Benuick

gododin,a,/(7raor5in6ri2* = 82.

(jOgleS, xxni. , xix. , xxxiii. ,65-10*;

eurteyrn G., 58-9 = 78; gwyrG.,

13-13=160; nawr G., n.77-2o;

IlynG. 75-21 = 180; ton : dyhaw

O. 67-15 = 40; nn. 67-12, 70-22,

75-20. earldoDi of Chester

gogle5 = /w?-///, i.e. death 40-20.

goUewein 53-8.

golu</ : go-vur, Kaer, 5518= 128.

cp. 56-25.
goluda\vc = O.G., 65-3 = 82.
golystav, gwyl, 8-25 = 72.
gorSen 47-10, 78-3.
tfo;ya\vc : GorGer\'A.\sci>y2 = 1 14.
Gorman 74-24*
Goronwy 27-4 = 40. "i G. ap O. ap

Jidzuin, father in law of O. G.
Goronwy 28-26*= 172. t Cornwy
gorwySaC'/ : -aO/- 36-6. see n. 70-7,^.
goscorS 21-26, 7S'~3> g-"'"' 34''9>
goscor43-i; gosgor5 8- 10; gor-
gorS 55-11 = 126.
govan 7-15 =6; gov«« 29-26*=86
govan//on 1-36, 3-2* = 68 ; n. 68-16.

Grei march Cuniii 48-9.
GriffyS ap Cynan .r.ivV., nn. 29-2,
70-22, 73-1 ; eil Echwy5 75- 1*
= 176; Brython o vone5 76-6*.
GriffyS ap Cynan ap O. G., xxv.,

69-5*; nn. 68-19, 69-8.
Gr. ap IL'n ap Seisill, n. 41-23.
Gr. ap Rys, n. 77-7. see Mabon.
Gro 38-21*= 154.
Groec, ieith, 5-12, 65, 22-17.
gwaewav\r. see gwaywar.
gwaladr kat, I 5- 1 2-19; 63-23,

74-24, 76-21, 77-5-23. 78-8-18,

8017. Q*. Gvvenn -cat.
Gwalchmei, xit.,xviii.,xx.,n. 592.
Gualensis, x.
GwaHawc, xxi'i., 30-4-17-23 = 88;

nn.29-25;6ri9,(^. HenryfitzH.
gwall-awf : -aw/'64-i5 = 80; =an-

wallawc 65-4 = 82.
gOallt : byllt hirion 17-11*= 168;

41-25*= igo.
gwanec : Magnus, 42-21*= 1 16.
gwarchan Mael Derw 25- 19 = 34.
gwaRE peb'i" : pelli'w 73-13= 152.
G\var«lur 48-6*
gwarthec Edeyrnawn, n. 39-14.
gwarthegyd 56-15, 63-2.
gwas = Taliessin 23-3 = 24.
g was nev, yng, 4- 1 2. cp. gwynwas.
gwastrawt : Gwas Trai//f = Comes

Litoris 67-12*
Gwawl 18-5*= 170. Woore

gwaywanchwant, deu, 26-11* = 38.
gwaywawr 38-26, 42-13*, 44-10*,

45-17, 67-21, 77-26*, 78-11.
gwe5w = Empress Matilda, 2')-j*
gweilgi, 34-11, 42-18.
Gweir 5418. see Kaer W., Gweryt.
gweith Argoet Duwyvein 6o-7*-22

= 88; g. Mynaw 59-1 1 ; g. Pen-

coet 61-19 = 84; %.d\u Sul //;

Mon = g. Di« Sul;// y-Mon.

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX

156

gweithen62-i2 = 86; ? = a wcillien

{verb) 63-10, 78-9.
Gwely5, -on 64-1*; n.69'l2-; Kaer

Weri 13'7*= 160 ; ebyr Gweryt

1 8-6*; n.69-l2.
gwen = war, lunwc. cyvr)0 wen a

weithen, such the havoc they

■wrought by f). ^.nn. 1-28, 42-9,

56-24, 75-6, 77-25.
Gwen (yscH-yd) 62-26, 63-21*
G\ven-Vyny5 75-21*
Gwen Wynnwyn, nn. 42-8- 15,

42-9. see gwen.
Gwen Ystrat 56-18-24*= 158 ; n.

57-11; cp.Vxte.%-gxuyn, n.65-4.
gwenerawl 1819*
gwenyan 10- 15.
Gwenhwys 41-25*= 190; 45-17

= 92. Cii'cntians

Gwenhwys : Powys 3922*= 156.
gwenith 32-6 = 48.
Gwen/Zeri : Gwen/rewi, i.e. Gwen-

yrewi 30- 1 2 = 88. Basingiuerk
gwenwlat 40-2* 63-23, 74-g.
gwenwyn 68-12*= 134.
gwenyn 32-7 = 48; 40-9=100.
gwern 21-8, 24- 15*, 39-13, 676,
Gweryt. jft-GwelyS. \y(>-iy

Gwiawn 196= 10; G. avon 32-23.
gwiber yn Ilyn 26-21* = 38.
Gwi5anhor 56-5*, -yanhawr 56-8
GwiSon, ii., 10-17. [=128.

gwion : ?gwi5on 3-3 = 68.
gwirawt, beli, 30-26 = 98 q.v.
gwlat 3425, 645; g.anorffen 76

•14; g. Brachan 45-25*; g. 5a

62-13; g.din terra 5 1-1 > ;g.Gafis

78-22; g.he5 4-io, 40-15;

g.lydan 46-3*; g.nev 3-23,

53-14; g.nefwy 1-5; g. ri 5417;

g. rie5 697 ; g. Syr . . Siryoel . .

Syria . . Pers . . Mers . . y kanna

51-10-12; g.vabon 39-5.

B.T.

gwlat Vrylhon a Saeson 14-8 ; g.
Wytyon 68- 1 1 ; g. y colledigyon
76-8 ; g. yr Ascia 78-21.

gwledic 233, 54-7, 61-6-21; =0.
ap Kadwgan 56-14; = MorSwyt
tylTon 26-4; =O.G. 64-4-7; =
Urien56i4, 57-19; =Rodriap
O.G. 35-17; = Richard i., 54-16,
56-12, 68-26; Prydein w. 23-21.

gwledic = Duw 4- 10, 7-5, 10-5-8-1 1,
29-21,40-4-14-25; =Jesu 12-8-9,
46-6; = Moesen 46-6.

gwle5 59-7== 108.

gwleiSon 33-18.

GOleth : ? Gol//'ch 34-1* = 54.

gwnech 37-18*, 64-16 = 80.

GCmeS 6420, 75-3. ji'f Gwyne5.

gwr bwrr bythic 59-17.

gwr dylyedawc 13-19=160.

gwr (i.e. the Lord Rhys) gan verch
i vrawt 3 1 ■ 1 5* = 98. {proud

gwr hwannawc 70-26= 150. I/, the

gwr o gu5 7 1 -4 = 1 50. Magnus

gwreic o vlodeu 36-4 = 62.

gO(o)rgun 39-15. Gerald of Pern.

gwrhyt34-2 = 54;64-l4 = 8o; 68-7
= 132; g.Arthur 71-16= 146.

gCianerlli 63-7= 1 14. fi6o.

Gwrtheyrn 17-3=168; ? 13-23 =

g&rwe5w veibon 42-1*= 192.

G'wnust,n.^()-zo,b\ ii., 110-34. •

gwryawc vein 29-7* =172. Maud

gCryon 34-2; 61-7. [<//>■.

Gwy, am, 14-20* = 92.

Gwydyon ri6 = 66; 33-24*= 54
G. ap Don 36-3 = 62; n. 36-12
Gwytyon 24-3 = 28; 26-1=36
68-15 = 134; gwlat \V. 68-11*
nn. 68-16, 71-23.

gwydyon 22-3 = 22 q.v.

Gwydyr, Kaer, 55-14*= 128. Acre

gwy5 115, 11-1,21-17, 22-3, 2319,
24-2, 25-15, 33-24, 454.

'57

BOOK OF TA LIES IN

g«y5*et 29-13; 44-2 3-
g\vy5-godeu,.i'"'->32' ' 8 = 5o;gwy5

a godeu 25-24 = 36. see Godeu.
Gwy5en, meib : /«'/, 63-23= 1 16.

Beauclerc, i.e. Henry i.
G wy5en 6 1 - 1 4* = 84. ? / J 'cpre brook

cp. Gwyhcn brook, in Creu5yn.
G\vy5no,tir38-2o; ma(5i5no38-i6*
g»y5vaeu 59-9= 1 10.
gwy5veirch 1-27 = 66; 7520= 180.
Gtty5yl 16-23=166; 18-8=170;

34-3 = 54 ; f ''• kyl d- 34 = 68 ; G.

dievyl d. 33-27 = 54; G. IFichti

72-16=148; c;. l«-er5on, Mon a

Phrydyn 13-9=160; G. Prydyn

75-19*= 180.
gw-yeil Jesse 469-22.
Gwygyr,porth, 73-15 = 152.

Kemeis bay in North Anglesey.
gwyl golystav 8-25 = 72.
Gwylan orwen 43-17*= 1 18.
gwylcin 9-4 = 72; 6 1-4* = 82.
gwylyadur . . mur 55-16.
Gwyllyonwy 29-2*= 172.
gwyn. sec gwen.
Gwynn ap A'uS, n. 7 1 - 1 4.
Gwynau'c 65-2 = ? Cwyntfyd 82.
GwyneS 13-23=160; /j-p=i64;

<5j-5 = 82; 71-1 = 150; 72-24 =

152; n. 76-6; 77-9*-2o*= 184;

ior G. 77-23= 184; GwneS 64-20
= 80; 75'3='76; Vynet 44-10

•14= 120.
gwynt 10-14-23, ii-i, 22-i6*, 35

•13, 40-21* 45-3, 52-24, 56-6-9,

68-14, 69-15.
Gwynt, kanu y, 36-20 to 37, 40-21*

-22 ,4I-I2*-I4-22 = 2 /o 6.
GwynvynyS. see GwenvynyS.
gwyn was 19-21; gwas nev 4. 1 2.
gwynyeith i-28* = 68; 12-PO; 16

-ii = l66;3i-4 = 98;45-7;75-7*;

gOnyeith s8-i* = 78; n. 5624.

GwynyonyR, fire, 67-3*= 144.

gwyr Bryneich 69-24* ; g. Brych-
wyn 77'25*= 184; g. byt/itm 75
-15 = 178; g. catr aeth 56-14 =
158; g. celvy5on 1-35 ; g. Deheu
15-10=164; g. Dulyn 13-9 =
1 60 ; g. GogleS 1 3- 1 3 = 1 60 ; g.
gobortliit 5710; g. gono5et 59
-17 ; g. Goronwy 2825 ; g. gor-
wyn 73-1 ; g. gospeithic 57-4;
g. Prydein 5617 ; g. ryn 73-4 ;
g. wa/// : 'I'yllt hiryon 17-1 1 ;
g. ILacharte 512, 6-5.

Gwyr terwyn mor, ynys, 523.

Gwyrangon, caer, 41-25= 190.

Gwys, castell, n. 44- 10.

gwystyl 6016 = 90; gwystlon 42
-2* 51-16,60-13,71-2,72-26.

Gwytheint 36- 1 3* = 62.

gwytheint 20-18 = 7(5; 57-9*= 158;
71-24*= 146. [48-6=194.

Gwythur, 7114*= 144; march G.,

Gymeint : Kim ;;eint, 71-25*.

Gynt, n. 17-18; 31-1 1 =98; 72-20*;
//. Gynhon i6-24*=i66; 18-7,
1812= 170.

HaearrrV//-, .rxvi., 30- 1 7* = 88.

\is.e\=generosus,7ioble, 8-25, 9-7*,
17-26, 40-19*; 5 1-9*63-2 1,64-3,
68-22, 73-25, 77-7, 78-16; //.
haelon 19-2*, 39-12, 70-22*

Hanes Taliesin, xxi., n. 71-10.

Havren 1-31=68; 782-7=186;
doleu H. 33-7 = 52.

Hawd clyr 63-1 = 114.

hayarndor = helyator emSeith
71-20= 146.

Weix : Hir-myn 75-21. LotigMynd

heli 30-26 = 98. \ Burgh

hen pen 7 r 1 9* = 1 46. Hubert de

hen \'rython 3-4 = 68. Scotti

Hengys 13-26= 160.

Henry i., xxxi., nn. 77-8-10.

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX

158

Henry ii.,.i-<'/V/., nn. 62-22, 78-4.

See IKlam5wyn
Henry fitz Henry, XV7'/., n. 61-19,*;

Gwalliiui,' 30-4- 1 7-23 = 88 ; n. 29
Henvclen.ebyr, 33-4 = 52. [•25-
henvon luu' 75-1 3= 178.
Henwyn 48-17= 196.
Hercules, n. 66-4.

Her-o/= -0547-1 1-14. jri?n.65-26.
heul 8-27, 20-17, 37-20, 38-7, 40

•26, 53-8* 60-9, 64.20* 66-5;

heultvcn : sercn 543 ; c/>. huan
HiraSuc 4818= 196. [21-11

Hirniyn, 75-21 (-19*)= 180.
j¥oel vab O.G. 60-16 = 90; notes

31-12, 35-1-13, 44-13-
hogretl 709*= 122.
Hors a Hengys 13-26= 160.
hua! eurin 5 1-6-23 = 1 3°-
Hubert de Burgh, nn. 71-614-23,

72-1-4; =Seis 15-23=164.
Hugh Lupus, earl of Chester, xi.x.,

nn.4r23, 711, 76-10.
Hugh the Proud, earl of Shrews-
bury, nn. 711, 74-23, 75'6i9,

76-10.
hut 45-8; 48-2; hutlath 28-26; iiut-

wyr celvyS 68- 14*; hudolyon

36-14.
hwch, IJaiii yr h., n. 71-23 sow
hwch 29-25 = 86. ship

hy5, taran 71-20= 146; hySww 71

-22; hy5 : hyv 25-9* — <^.ii. 34.
hy5-ben 43-26* = 88
hy5-_^^ 63-17 = ? hc/y5 1 1 6.
HyvciS, xxvi., 30- 1 7. '>. R.deCourcy
HyveiS 6i-l2* = 82; 621 1. O.G.
HywelapO.G. Jtv Hoel.
Ida, vii.

I6as 32-4 = 48. Judas

Jago,.rj:., 70-21*; I.veibon 53-25*
Jal 63-7= 114.
Idno, mab, 38- 1 6* = ? ma Oy5no 1 54

B.T.

Idwa! 7 y 12* = Ithcl n\) Ririd 152
Idwal &. Idwal Voel, n. 70- 19-2 1.
Jeaian, xxviii., 63-20= 116; cyn-
weisat 34-24*; n. 41-23. K.John
jeith, pedeir 75-6*; pob j. 65
-16*; seith j. 77-9; j. Talhayarn
20-4*; j.'raliessinl9-3*;//.jeith-
oe5 6-4. cp.ib-xZ.
Jerosolinia, 4-26.
Jesse, gwyeil, 46-9-22.
jessu 6-1 1, 22-18, 29-13, 46-16-22,
47-4, 66- 1 3, 74-7 ; mab Meir 8-20,
13-21, 14-10,47-2,52-9. jtvCrist
Jeuan 6-12; deu J. 12-17. St. John
je0yd3-i* = 68. t/.68-i4*
Indra 5-3.

Joachim 5-7. fn. 71-14.

Joan (gwreic gan i gwas 80-23),
Johannes 80- 15.

John, king, x.wiii., 51-1 ; n. 67-8;
= CaH' 72-11 ; =Corroi 66-19*
-20*-25*; 67-5; =ErcO(lfr) 65
-26*, 66-2-6; =Erov 65-24*,
66-12-16; = Ynyr42-2*-9-i4;
cynweissat 34-24*; bug^/7-was
68-24*; '-'n>^ 72-20*.
Jonas 54' 10.

Jopp,,, nn. 34-9, 54-16-20, 55-6-8.
jor (j\vyne5 7723*= 186. O.G.
')or6c, ivy, n. 74-20.
fose, n.46-16. Joseph

Isabel, countess oj I'em., n. 4317.
Israel 53-19*173-22; meibyrl.,44
■i7,73'24,74-6-3;trev yrl. 74-23
Ithel ap Ririd, nn. 73-10-12= 152.
Jubiter 38-7*

Jude, kiwdawt 6-4; pobl 46-9.
Judubriactus 5-6.
I\ver5on 5-24, /j-p, 17-11, 33-25,
67(-i2*)-i4*, 73-9* 76-5,77-17*
Iweryh, //w/^, = l!ran 33-25 = 54.
Iwys 16-7 = 166. (/. 18-1 1 = 170.
Lache, & Lache Lane,x.xx., n.69- 1 2

'59

BOOK OF TALIESIN

Lego I7'I2; ffrwt ar Lego i6-6*

= i66. Lair^^c

leopard, nn. 72-20, 73-14.
Levenot, xxii-iii.

Linx 72-20*= 148. K. John

Liwely5, Ligualid. Jtv Caer L.
locus/ 45-4*
Lonyon, llys 73-6*; kaer Llion 73

■12*= 152. t/. n. 38-1 1.
Lucas 80-15.

Luna 38-6* 7920*; Uoer 38-8.
Lupus, n.64-1,/;. see Hugh L., &
Llacharte, g., 5-12, 6-5. [Blei5.
Lladin 5-12, 6-5; ii., 24-229.
Lladon, verch Liant, 19-19*= 12.
Llan Dyvrydog, n. 28-21.
L/.Eg'Miui, n. 39-15. \L/e!iia7i>g
LI. Lleennawc 29-24 = 86. G/un
Lleawc, Ihvch = \\\\yt\\ llci?«awc

55-4=126.
LIkch f(//enieint, n. 57-9.
Llecli EiSin, xxiii.
LlechVachvy,cevyn,44-l4*= 120.
Llech Wen 57-9*= 158. (^.n.56
nechrit 55-7 = llecli/yd 126. [24.
HechueS Lieu 35-26* = 6i.
Lleennawg. see Llan LI. & Lleawc.
Ueenawc 46-15; mab 11.64-23*

= 80. c/. 55-4=126.
Hecnawr 27-6 = 40. Taliesin

Llecni 75-4= 176. Lleyn

Lle/nawc = LI. Lleennawc 29-24 =

86; Llyminawc 70-26*= 150; eil

mehyn 43-1 = 116.
Heminawc 55-5 = 126. cp. 70-26*
lien : Llyn lywyadur 55-14*= 128.
Governor of Lake ( Tiberias)
neon luryc 35-16 = 60.
Lieu, n. 25-19; 35-25-26* = 6o.
Lieu a Gwydion 1-16-35=66;

(33-24*= 54).
lIeu = goleu 38-26, 46-10, 77-2-5;
c/f«39-ii,77-2i; = llu 61-12-17.

neuuyS = !ly\vy5 65-6 = 94.

Llevelis, Llu5 a, 79-1.

Llewelyn ap/onuertli, xxi. , xx^'iii.,

nn. 66-18-25; 67-9; 68-7; 69-12;

71-6-13,^; 80-20; =Cocholyn

67-5 = 144; =G\vythur,n.7l-i4;

= daw /(>//n 66- 1 8.
Llia, plant, 4-24.
Lliant 35-7 = 58; 44-8= 120;

Lladon verch L., 1 9- 1 9* = 1 2.
Llienni, coppa'r, xxii.
nin Anarawt 31-16*; blaen ITin 24

-11-15 ; b. 11. ap Erbin 42-26*;

iawn llin 19-22, 23-7.
nines 21-8.
Llion, caer, 73-12* =Lonion q.v.

Tal. does not know Chester by

the name of ' Caer Llion.''
Lliwely5. see Ca.sx lAwelyh ('pell

o Cieri.' AL 198-10), Gwely5on,

Gweryt.
no 38- 17-22=1 54. O. ap Kadwg.
Hoe 9-25; noi 59-13= 1 10.
ELoegrwys 57-20=76.
ILoegyr 1 6-8 = 1 66 ; 66-2 = 1 42 ; 67

-25 = 124; 77-24=184; Lloygyr

30-13 = 88.
nogellker5 8-i.
Iloglawr 36-7* = 62; n. 70-7,1!*.
Hong 74-19=176; -eu 76-25*.

nong-awr 33-1 5 = 52, 78-10 =

186; cp. gwy5veirch, & hwch.
ILoy\'eny5 65- 1 3 = 94. see Llwyv-
Huch = flashing 26-19 = 38; =

\\\\yt\\ 55-4=126; =llu 76-21.
Lluch Reon 34-1*= 54. Lache
Llucuffer 38-3-IO. Lucifer

LIu5 a Llevelis 78-79.
Llu5 vab Beli 70-20*
nu5 : llUyi 74-11, 78-18.
numan \^2\= 162; 16-22=166.
nuryc 35-16 = 60; 52-16. [73-1.
HuyS o Von 72-24 ; deu liiySawt

B.T.

GENERA I. INDEX.

1 60

Llwch 1 1 -6; LI. C'uyn, n. 5624.
Llwynin varch Lieu, 489.
Ilwyth, an^hes 3317; H. TTeenawc
S5'4\ n.lliaws 78-19; Ilwyth
nithyawc 61-19.
Hwyv 24-26* = 32 ; -anod, -dy,.r.i-/y/.
Llwyven brook., .r.ri., 11.61-14.
Lhvyvein, Argoed, 6o-7*'22 = 88.
LlwyvenyS, .i.tii., n. 14-26; 61-14*
= 84; 63-9= 114; LI. vann 59-1*
= 108 ; LI. tireS 65-13 = 94.
Llydaw 18-4=170; ? olyda\v(c),
17-15 = 168. [ = 36

LlychOi- ; Llych^orS, x.vx., 26-8*
nyffandu 23-24 = 28; nyffeint44-2l
LlywI.S'awc 70-26*= 150. siv

Lleinawg. f.«v lien,

llyn 26-21 ; Uydan lyn 42-24, 78-1.
ITynghes 17-12= 168; 18-11 = 170;
30-2 = 86 ; j<5-/7 = 62 ; 72-11 =
148; teir 11. 31-7 = 98; llynghcs-
sawr 35-10= 58.
ILyr, nieibon, 33-4 = 52.
llyr 9-4, 47-22, 66-26.
Ilys. .ftv Aranrot, 'Ciincdav,' Don,

Lonyon, Pryderi.
ITythyr 23-12 = 26 ; H. ITyvreu 3-21.
llyvyr 23-12 = 26; deu 1. 1218;
ilyvreu 3-21=70; 20-22=16;
28-5=44; n. Beda 36-19 = 62;
llyvyryon 117 = 66.
ITyvrawr 18-20= 170.
TTyw J' Dehcii 6622. R. Giyg.

lIy\vbyrrtew77-8*= 184. Henry i.
tlyw kan traeth 62-22. Henry it.
Llywiirch up Trahaearn, n. 57-9.
Llywiinli, hrydyh y Afoc/mant, .xii.
Hywyadur, lien, 55-14. Saliuiin
ITywyF) (Lleuuy5) 65-6 = 94. O.G.
IlywyS pellenawc 71-6. Gr.apK.
llywyS lliaws 78-4 = 1 86. Henry it.
mab. see Corroi, Grat, Heenawc,
Uricn, Uthyr; =?ma^63-i9.

B.T.

mab ( = ? daw) 72-4. IJ'n ap /or.
mab g'yvreu Taliessin 27-12 = 42.
mab idno ; ma (lySno 38- 16*= 154.
niabon.i-.nvy.,3o-l 1 =88. Henryii.
mabon xxvi.., 3823*, 39-2-4*- 15*

= I 54-56; n.JTJ. Gr. ap Rhys
mabon 47-9* Jesus

Mabon-ogioti., xxvii., f.n. 52. cp. n.
Mabute 5-10. L7''6.

Madawc vab Maelgwn66-9*= 138
Madawc vab MeredyS, n.6i-i 1.
Madawc vab Ririd, n. 73-10.
Maelawr .v?-'//'/., 6i-26* = 84 ; ep.

Maylor, n.65-2.
Mael Derw, jjwarchan 25-19* = 34
Maelgwn ap O.G., .vx7>-7)i., .v.i:x7'.,

33''9 = 54; 40-7= 100; 41-26;
Maelgyninj" 30- 1 7 = 88. [n. 40- 1 5.
Maelwy, cevyn llech, 44-14*= 120
niaer3i-2*; 358*; 71-17*= 146.
Lat. maior. ep. mawr a minor

15-22.

o; =

•3.75

[-10*

Maes Gannon., n.44-5.

Magnus 42-21 = 116; n. 1 7-
Mivng 1 3-6 = 160; nn. 7 1 -

magos, n. 65-1 I.

magwyr 28-3 = 44.

mam, teir, 74-7.

Manaw, tor?', 67-14= 1 40; n. 67- 12

nianauyt 349*= 54.

Mandi, Norilmyn. see Normandi.

^L-^ndwy, n. 55-14. .tci- Kaer Fan-

Manion 5-10. [dwy.

Manogan 72-14*= 148.

niaon 62-24,63-12= 114; 73-3*- 16
= 152. <-/.n. 75-26.

Marcanicia= Mercurius 79-21*

Marcediis= Mercuriiis 38-6*

march 48-4- 1 8. see Arthur, Brwyn,
Caradawc, Keidaw, Cunin, Cus-
tenhin, dwart'dur, Cwythur,
Lieu, KySerch, Sadyrnin, Tal.

march m<-/awc 48-4 = 1 94 ; m. mel-
ynell 26-25; -yngan 26-26 = 40.

i6i

BOOK OF TA LIE SIN

m.irchawc mwth 8o- 1 7 = 1 88 ;

617 = 82; m. lu 73-1 1.
Marcus 8o-i6.
niarini brython 1-30 = 68.
Maritnen 5-4.
Mars 386*, 79-21*
marw cu nav 69-17*
niarwnat : marthadt 66-18-20-25*

= 142; 67-8= 140; 71-6= 144.
marTfwat : rna^r t'at 72-6= 146.
niarwnat : gwr/iad (>y2^= 142.
ISfar. 0\vein«/ b'ricnbTl%*= 124;

O.G. 69-70= 120.
Math 25-26 = 36; 68- 1 4*= 1 34; M.

hen 1-35 = 68; A. eil.M.26-3 = 36
Matheus 80-15.

Mathonwy, hutlath, 28-26=172.
Maw, o berth = 0 borth mawr K.,

29-26. Milfoid Haven

Maylor, n. 65-2. sec Maelawr.
mebin i-5* = 64. sons of O.G.

mechteyrn 13-16, 16-1, 41-4 ; m.

byt 54- 14-
me5 14-3, 40-16; m. hidleit 409;

m. a bragawt 28-10; m.gorn 40

-8, m. gym 32-24 ; nieSueith 9
ineSyc 32-16. [-27*

mehyn, eil, = Aber Lleinog 43-1 ;

= Flintshire 61-15. [75' 1 7-

mei 65-1 1*; mc/'awc, 48-4; meiwyr
meib. j-ct'Beh,Gwy5en, Israel, mil.
meibon. see Cawrnur, GvvrweSw,

perchen, rex, Urien.
meinwen. see celein.
Meir 46-7, 54-13, 74-8 ; mab M.

47-2; verch Joachim 5-7; castell

Marie 5-8; Feir69-i2*; nev

wreic 21-9*; veir : 'i b€niv Tl'^.
meirch Maelawr 61-26 = 84 ; ni. y

eircheyt 6S-3 ; m. gwehv 34-20;

m. mwth 63-12= 1 14.
meiryon 13-16-18*= 160; 14-24,

I 5-3, 16-1 = 162-66.

Menei 31-3 = 98; 45-19 = 92; 68
7*= '32; n. 771 1.

Meneiuon 41-24*; -eifon 47- 11*

meneich 27-15; myneich 56-4-7.

menhyt 40-22 = 102; nienwyt 54-9;
niur m. 669.

Mercurius 38-6*, 79-21*

Meredyh ap B/ebyn., x.v.r-xx.vii.

Meryawn, Merion, n. 73-9= 152.

merin 32- 1 4*,76- 1 1 ,78- 1 5. margin-

mer- : meSlyn 32-12 = 48. \ctn.

Mer/in 32-14 = 50. Myrhin

Mers, gwlat, 51-12= 130.

Meisefe, xiii.

merthyr 7-10; -yri 4-13, 6-8.

mcr : mor WeryS 35-9 = 58.

Meurig, n. 70-19.

mic 42- 1 5 (in margin).

mil veib 3-24; dwy v. v. 4-24.

minawc va/ Lieu 35-25 = 60.

moch o Deheu 36-5 = 62.

modron : mordon 26-2 = 36.

modrydav 72-14= 148.

moel . . . vrych 61-26 = 84.

J/w/vre, trwyn, 30-6 = 86.

Moessen, gwledic Keen 53-5; Hath
V. 46-6, 54-4; (53-2).

Men 13-9=160; (30-17); 36-14
= 62; 40-7= 100; 41-24-26= 190;
45- 18 --^92; 68-6= 132; 69-5 =
138; 70-22, 71-1, 72-24; 73-15 =
150-2; 77- 13*- 16= 184 ; diftcilh
M. 75-4=176; Ynys Von 33-17
= 54; Moni 75-4.

morawc 53-6; ni.a moryd 25-3 = 32

mordei 66-1*= 142; ?formo\Ar(^\
63-4= 1 i4;morrt'«' : ?mor_)'/Uf5fin,
xxi'iii.., 42-4. Ubbanford

mordwyt 61-26. [-24 = 8.

mordwy/ /refyS : morda^' gery5 7

mordwyt tyllon 33-26* = 54; gwle-
dic let loscedic 26-4*= 36.

Morocco, n. 66-4.

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX

162

Morvran, abbot of Towyn, n.451 1.
Moryal 48-25, 652/* = 82.
morialis plant, 69; sico m. 516
nioryd25-4; nn. 42-4, 75-24, 77-11.
morwyn, naw 55-1. The Muses
morwyn, /eir, 68-26*. T/ie Fates
mu, cant, 38-17.*
niur 34-19, goscorS mur 1-34; g.
■z'ur34-2o= 56; m.fFossawt66-6 =
142; gwylyadiir mur 55-16= 1 28.
Murefensiitm^ xii.
Mwrchath, xviii. [67-2 = 144.

Myna\v=Manaw 18-4=170. cp.
niynawc 35-4-^.^=58; niynawc

Mon 41-24= 190.
mynawc 75-26*= 180.
niyneich 56-4-7 = 128; men- 27-15.
mynuer 14-2= 162. ^.61-16 = 84.
mynweir 35-4 = ? mygreir=58.
myny5seryawni-9;/«. Troed^vi.%-].
Myr5in.i-.r.i-/., 13-15 = 160; Merin :

Mer/in 32- 14* =50; merlyn =
Nairn 5-5. [meSIyn 32-12.

nanheu 1 1 -17; nonneu 66-24= >44-
nam ffrangcon 36- 12* = 62.
nav 8-24*; cu nav nn. 69-18, 70-2.
naw Morwyn 55-1 ; n.raS nev 4-4;

n.rith 25-22; nawvet ran 71-16
Nazarecl, kaer, 47-15. [= 146.

neidyr vreith 26-20 = 38; n.v. grib-

awc 23-25 = 28.
neithavvr 9-9 = 72; r/. 47-22 = 194.
neifon 24-4*= 28. Nefon 73-10*
Nennius,viii. [ = Merion 152.
Neptalim 5-5.

ner, n.67-18. hp. Arthur

A'i?j/, jr.r-?///., nn.29-25, 38- 1 1 - 14-20,

= l54;nn.39-26,56-i4,6i-i9,73-6.

neuaS 8-16; barS n.8-i7 = 10; yn

n.63-5; (Agia-
nev, gwledic, 63-25, 72-7.
nev hynt, 56-9* Crusade

Nevenliir, Kaer, 24-1* Me-^'eiihyh

B.T. i

Nevon 73-10* = ? Merion 152.

Nilus 47-14.

Niniven 55; kiwdawt 54-11*

Nor(S«/>'«)mandi 72-18=148.

Norham on the Tweed, xxviii.

A'orwrt//, nn. 39-i4-24;65-i6;75-6.

Normanyeit, n. 14-6.

Northmen, n. 65-16.

Nonvegiatis, n. 1 7- 1 8.

nos galan 43-18

Nu5 8-24* = 72; 64-i* = 78; Nu5

hael 63-20= 1 16.
nur 72-14*; c/.cas nur, 71-13.
Nvvython 47-25 = 194; 64-i* = 78.
o. affection caused by 6 & 0, n. 77
ocrell 70-9*= 122. [-11.

Ocuran, n.35-4.
ogyruen 20-6=14; -"en 33-1 1 = 52;

o. awen dair 35-4*= 58; 129.
oergcrSet 69-25= 122. cp.n.To-\.
^ffeirat 37-26; -eit, 1-5.
<>fferen 33- 1 2

■on in iMab-on, modr-on, Teyrn-
on, amaelli-on, govann-on,.r.ri7y.
f.n. 52, n. 68-16.
oryan, teir:ceirgorian34- 10; 54- 16*
Owein (ap Kadu-gan) 39-6*- 1 8-26*,
40-2*, nn. 56-14, 57-7, 73-6, drag-
on 39-14= 156; llo 38-i7*-22 =
154; Vryen 56-15* 57-8*-i3 =
158 ; rliwyv bedyS 56-17*= 158.
Owein (ap Cradoc.) 38-23= 154.
Owein ap Griffy5 ap Rhys xx'.'i.,

n. 42-1; =Mabon 38-23*, 39-2,

39-4-5-15 = 154.
Owein KeTeliauc, n.68-9.
Owein Gwyneh, x''i.,xviii.,xxiv-v.

30-17 = 88 ; n.40-2 ; 44-8= 120;

60-14; 67-i8*-24 ; 68-1 = 124; n.

69-i4;angwr vei 59-17*; Kyniro

llawen 18- 14* =170; goludawg

653 = 82; gwledic 64-4-7 = 80;

ILeuuy565-6; mar. 67-68= 124;

1 63

nOOK OF TAUESIN

O. GwyneS 69-70= no ; penn-
adur 7010= 122; vii. meib, n.77
•S; teyrn 26'io*; u5 G\vyne5,
n. 647 ; Reget u5 67-19= 124;
= Vryen 57-i4-i8, 58-12, 59-6-
26, 61-9-1 1 =82 ; 63-1-10-24, 65
-5-24; arbennic 57-19, a. te-
yrneS 589; canu V. 58-65; dyn
bedy5 57-14; eurdeyrn GogleS
58-9; goruchel wledic 57-19;
Reged Siffreidiad 5724; u5 yr
ech\vy5 58-2, 60-17; u5 Prydein
pen berchen 61-23; V'. Reged
57-24; i deyrn veibon 65-21 ;
mab Edern 70- 1 1 = 1 22 ; as cu5
torn clas 67-20*; cp. O. ap Vrien
67-18*= 124.

paluc (striped), 11.73-14*

par O.G. =eil angheu 604
Paradwys 9-15 = 74; 7925; drvvs

pasc 62-20= 1 14. [p. 46-14.

pedeir kaer 35-8 = 58 ; p. icith 75
•6*; p. priv bennaeth 294; ped-
eir : teir morwyn, 68-26*.

Pedyr6-i6; seith Pedyr 10-25.

Peir 22-9, 35'4=58; n.41-20; 54
26*= 126; 72-4;* p. Kerrituen
33-10=52; 36-9 = 62; p. pen an-
nwvyn 55-2=126; p. pymwyS
32-22 = 50; peironi9-8*; 78-6.

peithwyr 30-18 = 88.

pel/-c, gwaRE, 73-13*= 152.

Pen Annwvyn, peir, 55-2 = 126.

Pen Coet, gweith, 61-19* = 84; P-
c. cle5>'vein 30-19 = 88.

pen echen 5-7; p. gavlaw : gwaH-
awg 16-13=166; p. ri 789 =
i86;p. seiron 1-30; p. sy wet 34-7.

Pen prys, tir, 654* = 82.

pendevig 35-15=60; p. ri 54-17 =
126; p. mawr 56-12=128; gor-
bendevig 68-26= 136; n. 73-3.
see Penwedig. Richard i.

pendevig gwlad he5 40-14= 100.
pennadur 70-10= 122. O.G.

pennaeth 13-3=160; 14-5 = 162;
i8-6= 170; 54-17; 74-2 racb. 13
-2 1 ; p. o Ruvein 79- 1 ; iv. priv b.
ar pymhet 29-4*= 172; pymp p.
72-16*; p. weison 70-25*= 150.
Pennant Dach{wy), n. 41-23.
Penren WIeth 34-1*= 54.
penrwy 55-22
Penryn Blataon, n.TO-22. see

Balaon. IVirral

Penryn Goluch, n. 34-1.
Penwedi\(^='Ptx\A&v\^, p. 129.
perchen 56-1 ; priodawr b. 68-25 ;
Prydein b.b. 61-23; p. ket 78-15.
pererin 32-15

periglawr 1-12 = 64; 9-10=72.
Perif 536 = Pharaoh; 78-15; Peril

72-10*= 146.
Pers, gwlat, 5 1 ■ 1 2 = 1 30. Persia
Perydon,Aber, 13-16*= 160; 15-4.
pen 75-2*= 176; cp. 62(-i9)= 1 14.
peurllyn 14-21*
Phalatie 5-9.

Pharaoh n. 457; pobl Pharaon 22
-4 = 22; plwyv Pharaonus44-ig.
PhiHp of France, nn. 34-17; 55-19.
pibyS 72-2= 146.
pla 4-26; dec p. 44-19; n. 56-9.
plaeu yr Eifft 44-16
plagawt 37-7* see n.70-7,/^.
plant Llia 4-24; p. morialis 6-10.
Pleth a Phletheppa 51-13= 130.
plo : bro 70-21*

plwyv 9- 14 = 74; 10-10; p. Brython

7223=152; 7318; p. kynrein

45-7 ;*p. Niniven 54-11; p. offeir-

eit 1-5 = 64; p. Pharaon- 44-19.

pont y Cim, n. 71-23.

popyl Brython 77-13. por42-5.

Porffor, xr.t., 269 = 36. cp. Por-

ford, W.B. 201-5. Pulford

B.T.

GENERAL IX HEX.

164

porlh Aber 6i-i8*

porth beirS 87* = 8.

porth Kerdin, n. 29-25.

porth uffern 555*= 126.

porth Maw ac eidin 29-26* ? Pern.

porth Wygyr 73-15. Keincis bay

porthawr l-i i =64.

pos beir5 3-7* = 70; 129.

l'owys.n///'/.,6l-l I = 82; nn. 39-22,
42-6,73-9; Brochvael P. 337 =
52; =/owys 63-13*= 1 14; gor-
_^wys : gor A'owys 5 8- 1 3 = 1 06 ;
/'owys :.^wys 72-26= 152.

Powyse5 35-9 = 58. cp. M. \i,\a.

prei5 Wenhwys 3922*= 156. cp.
BrenhineS Powyj- ai Gwenhwy-
sy5, Myv. I4i(t.

prei6eu 60-3; p. annvwyn 54-21*

Prees-gTuyn, n. 65-4.

pren onhyt 62-25.

priawt gwlat, tri, 31-8 = 98.

privder 23- 1 2 = 26.

Priestholm, n. 42-18.

proffwydeu, .*' cieir Heenawc =
? clerici vagantes 46- 1 5.

progeniem 3- 15* = 70.

Prydein, ix-x., xxiii., .r.r.«'.,=
IVith's, 17-14=168; 18-2=170;
30-20 = 88; 42-25 = 1 16; 64-10*
= 80; 72-7 =146; 76-5-1 1 = 180;
beirS P. 43-2 1 = 1 1 8 ; n. 70-4 ;
cylch P. 75-10= 178; 78-12* =
186; dol e« P. 80-20*= 188;
tervyn P. 34-5 = 54; ur5edig P.
78-3*;yscriven U., 43-24*= 1 18;
P. (a gloss) 35-9.

Vryds:\n = Deheubarih 29-25* =
86; gwyr P. 5617= 158; ton =
? torv P. 67- 1 5 = 1 40. cp. Index
ofQ. LI. Uav s.v. rSrilannia.

Prydein (adj.). P. arvaeth 29-5 ;
P.gOvein 2925; P. BowysseS 35
-9 ; P. ur5in 76-12; P. wledic 23-20

B.T.

Prydein, ynys 5-24; ynys hon 18
-21; priv van ynys 78-21; P.
vawr 13-1*= 160; (? seint Pry-
dyn 16-5= 166).

Prydyn xx. = Tegeingl^etc.., 1 3-9 =
160; 75-19; bro P. 70-21*; tir P.
15-1 = 164; ?P.i6-5 = i66; Pry-
den 64-io* = 8o. c/>. Pridin
B. B.C., 49-4; C. Codex 15-4.

pryderi 34-10*= 54; 54-19=126.

Prydcri lys 36-7* = 62; n. 707,^.

Prydyh yMocknant, xiL, n. 69- 1 2 ;
129. see ILywarch, b. M.

prydy5 18-21; prySest 714.

prysc Alttn, cat ym, 61-17 = 84-24;
Pen prys 65-4* = 82.

Prytwen, 54-23, 55-1 1-17= 126.

Pul/ord brook, xix., xxx., nn. I 5- 1,
44-7. see Potior.

pwyll 54-19=126. [37-5 = 2.

pym hoes byt 4-21; p. h.pym hoet

pymppennaeth72-i6*;privb. 29-4.

pumwyd, peir, 32-23 = 50.

Rachel 4-26. \/ars

raiHunt, cer&orion, n. 67-20 ^jog-

Ranulf, xix., .v.v.viii., nn. 26-10, 61
• 1 1-20, 69- 1 2. see W'lpk.

Razo 38-26 — 39-6= 154.

-re. nn. 63-3, 67-3,*, 73-13

Rechtur 34- 1 7 Rector-em

Reding, n.yyio,b.

Redeg vei Reget, .rii., xiv-i'., 19
•76=12; nn. 3825, 39-3; 57-7
•24 = 76;6ri =82;67-ig= 124;
78-15= l86;glyvvR.57-7*= 158;
Godeu a R. 60-10 = 88 ; 62-7 =
84 ; biwR. 393* = I 54. Marchia

Reginald of Cornwall, n. 45'2o.

Reidawl 39-2*= 154.

Rein«'r, Ryn, 44- 10*

ren : rl-en 3-25, 24-5, 27-13, 29-20,
35-22, 38-9, 67-19, 80-5; r. nev
3' 12. regent -em

i65

BOOK OF TALIESIN

Riion, Lluch, 341*= 54; ryt R.,

A'/z/if /!#('«, n. 15-1. [n. 6i-i6.

Kian : R;'ein, Caer, 29i8*=i72.

R/ein, dwy, 297*= 172.

Kichard /'., =Teyrnon 34-14-26*,
nn.48-23,5ii-8,53-24,54i6-22,
55-14, 68-24,72i9,75i2;diag-
onawl ben 68-25 = I36;g«leclig,
pendevig gwlat ri 54-16=126;
g.p. niawr 56-12=128; = Arth-
ur, n. 34- 1 5 ; = goruchel garch-
araOr, R.B. Mais., 306-16.

Rin, xx-ciii., 42-4.* Bcrzi'kk

rith 23-9, 25-22; rithat 22-18; rith-
Och 24-6; rithwy 71-10; ri/h-
wyd 3-1*; rithwys 33-24, 36-6.

Riw Lyvnwyd, xxii.

Ro, y, 38-21*= 154.

Robert de Courcy, xxvi.

rodawys 3825*= 154.

Rodri, scitit o hil, n. 70-19-21.

AW/-/'<v>at;.,nn. 31-3-12,35-9-13
?39-i7, 4o-'5; 68-7-9.

Rodwy5, y, xvii., xxiii.

r£)mani, a, for ^c fnnani = a Ger-
mani, i.e. northiiun 34-4= 54.

ro;«a«i : ro/« a ui 76-15*= 182.

Ros terra 30- 1 4* = 88. Rlios y era

RuSlan, .xvi., n. 35-7.

ru5-vedel 42-8= 192.

Rii5yn 42-8*= 192.

Run ap O.G., x^fii., xxvi., x.ixv.,
dragon 63- 26; mar. Run63-64 =
78, mygedorth R. 29-17= 172 ;
see nn. 34-1, 61-20, 64-13.

Run, yn, 39-16= 156. ym-Rw/itcs

Ruvein, pennaeth, 79-2. R. pontiff

Ruvein : amdir P/'rydein 29-9.

mvein : ? riivein 32-20=50 ; for
rufv in (G\vyne5) 76-6*= 180.

Rys ap Or. ap R., 42-1*

Ry5erch, RySig march, 48- 1 4 = 1 96

Ry5Ian Teivi, n. 36.7*

rymavei 70-7*; rymawyr 3-12*
Ryn K€\nu>c 44-10*. see Rin, Kaer
Rys gryg^Xi.bb-zz. [Rynwc.

Rys, yr Argl., = tiriaOc o lin Anar-

awt, 31-15*= 100 ; nn. 45-8-23;

46-1; 68-9. [ = 84.

Ryt Alclut jr.r., n. 34-1; 6i-l6*-22
Ryt Ah/ut=> Ryt y Gors 38-24
RytarTaradyr73-l4= 152. [= 154
Ryt Reon, .x.v., nn. 34-1, 61-16-20.
ryve5a\vt 3 1-15* = 98.
Sadwrn, duw, 10-26; Saturnus

38-6*, 79-22*
Sadyrnin, FfroenvoTI varch, 48-16.
Saesson 1-29 = 68, 13-22, I4-8-I7

-22, 15-18, 16-2-26, i7-ii-i6-25

= 160-70 ; 33'i8 = 54 ; 71-4 =

1 50; 73-13=152. see Seis.
Saladin, n. 34-20, 55-14. [128

Sant /7-^<= 168 ; =seint, 56-11 =
Santwic, Aber, 18-17*= '70-
Saraphin, goblant, 35-20 = 60.
sarff7-i9, 62-8 = 84.
Saxon, /.I-.,. It'., nn. 39-14-24, 41-23,

6516; nn.62-5, 756.
fe 42-3*= 190; .'' read: le.
Segor 5-22. Segerno 7-10.
Seint, (pi.), 4-7 ; s. Pryd(e)yn 16-5

= 166 ; see Sant.
seint, breint an, = ? privilegium

5rt;;f// [Davidis] 17-4=168.
seiron 1-30 = 68.
SeithPedyr 10-24. <'A4'5! 129.
Seis 31-11 =98; 8022; n.6i-2o.
Sei 515-23=146. Hubert de Burgh
seith 7916; s. ieith 77-9; s. 11a van-

at 38-1, 79-11 ; s. meib 70-19;

namyn s. 54-24, 55-7-24, 56-4 ;

seith nawn 3S-5 ; s. seren 384 ;

s.ugein 6-6, 55-22, 72-2 ; seith-

vet 79-22.
Selyv 4- 1 4 ; S., vabTeyrnon, 53-24 ;

temhylSelyv46-i2.

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX

1 66

sene5 anchwant 5'26.

Seon j<y-j/ 42-3 = 1 90;68- 1 2 = 1 34 ;

n. 47'io; Syon 1-29.
seren 54'3; seith s. 38-4; pi. ser 54

•2; syr 5-19, 10-17.
ser(5 26' 21 =38, xxxii. seni-us
serya<)n l"9 = 64; (7>. seiron l'3o.
Severus •ji)-22. Siryoel 5i-io.
Sidi, Kaer, 348 = 54; 54-i6*-24 =
Sq\ 38-6*; 7920* [126.

Strata Florida, n. 43'26. [689.
Strata Afarcella, nn.42-6, 4326,
svvynaw 18-17, 286 to 26-4.
Syloe 59. Syr 5i-io = Sur 130.
Syria, gwlat 51-11 = 1 30.
syw 36, 7-19, 48-19; sywyon 32-12.
sywyd 20-14; sywyt 26-5 ; sevvyd

32-12; sywydon 26-5.
fywyS : ? lywy6-on 64-3 = 78.
sywedyS 19-2, 20-1, 21-17, 3 '23,

38-5. 643. 79-17; s.Ilyvreu4-i8;

sywedySyon 76-8. cp. sywessyd

66-2; ' Uewi . . . syw sywedyS'.
Talhayarn, 77/., ieith T. 20-4= 14;

mwyhav sywedyS 21-16 = 20.
Taradyr, Ryt ar, 73-14=152.
Taranhon 77-15*. tarw trin 25-3.
titvtet (Dyfet in text) 8-17= 10.
TVg-eingl, xix., 6r2i* = 84.
teir awen 35-4* = 58; t. aryvgryt

24-13; 25-2;t.cadcir 33-22 = 54;

t. caer 35-7*= 58; teir cene61

wythlawn 34-3 ; t. ffin 56-23 =

158; t. ffynnawn 1-9; t. mam 73

•26; 74-7 ; t. morwyn 6826, b*;

teir oryan 34-10*
Teivi 73-5*; nn. 36-7,434. [=146.
telyn 21-12, 23-17; telynawr 72-1
Tenhy\ n. 43-9 ; Dinbych 43-17 =
terenhy6 = taranhy5, 71-20. [118.
Tern, 77-15* a trib. of Severn
terra 40-10, 68-26*; gwregys t. 79

-23; gCtjtht. 36-17; Rost. 30-14.

B.T.

Taliesin — bar5, telynawr, |)ihy5
72-1-2*; not born in adversity
27'3 = 4o; a prince in disguise
71-9=144; poverty his lot 27
-16; played in Lache Lane, and
slept at Pulford 268 = 36; was
at CadGodeu 33-23 = 54; sniped
the Powysians 23-21 ; made a
slave 26-21, bwystner 26-2, hcu-
sawr 27-5; escapes to ILwyven-
y5 & asks protection of O.G. 65
= 94 ; returns no more to Gog-
le5 65-10*; contends at Degan-
hwy 33- 19: Reminisences 27 =
40 ; ceint er yn vychan 23-20,
rac teyrncS 34-6, rac u5 clotleu
33-6; pryduiawn Uin 19-22,23-7;
canu i O.G. 57-65; glaswawtT.
30-23; yn yspySawt 333-4; ath-
raw yn Uygen 42-6* ; not a'gwr
llwyt' 48-1 ; 1,\. mlyneS portheis
lawrweS 1915; wyv cerSenhin
hen 42-6. Magical origin
25-22 to 266, 71-10; yn lliaws
rhith 22-18, 23-9; barb hut 482,
bar5 swyn 720, b. neua5 8-17;
cadeir T. 31-27, 33-22, 348 ; geir
T. 35-6; ieith T.19-3; a5wyneu
T. 8-20 /ti 10-3; yspeil T. 62-16,
63-16; march T. 48-7 ; T. 69-9,
80- 5 . jt-t' I n t r o : xxx-xli.

Ter\vyn,mor, 5-23. c/.B.B.C. f.n.4.

tew5or 6812 = 134; 6918= 122.

teyrn32-2,65-i5, 688; t. byt25-3;
t. glewhav 584; t. gocnaw 588;
t. veibon 65-21 ; cadeir t. 35-13*

Teyrnon 34- 1 3*- 1 4*-2 1 * = 56 ; cad-
eir T. 35- 1 3* Kiihard i.

Teyrnon, ? tad Selyv, 53-24*

Tiberias, n. 5514.

tir all-gwyn : all-wmn 4817; tir
Iwer5on 76-5; t. Prydyn 15-1,
7021; tirc5 Enlli 331415.

167

BOOK OF TAfJES/N

tireS ILwyvciiy5 65- 1 3.

/ircil : KciUr 19-16= 12.

torn clas 67-20*= 124.

ton, dylan cil, 67-8; ton IwcrSon . .

Vanaw . . Oglc5 . . I'rydein 67

-14, n. 67-12; ton nawvet 25-25

= 36; 434*= "8.
Toronia 5-1. torsi 5-2.
Tra nior tra Brython 76-9.
Trat-///, Gwas =? Comes Liloris,

67-12*= 140. see Ueu traeth.
trawsganu 45-9.

Tren : Tern 77-15* [-14-16.

treth i6-i8; tretheu 1318, 15-5-10
trev5yn 14-17*= 162; 7S'i8= 178.
trevbret 45-11, trevred 51-25, 57

■22, 58-26.
tri. see carnavlawc, cynweissat,

cyvarwyS, cyvestrawn, priawt
troed 8-7* [gwlat.

triigein aber 23-14.
trwySet 437 = 118.
Trwyn Moe/vre 30-6 = 86.
tryffin 41-6*= 104.
/uman : ruiuan 39-1* = Razo,ci.v.
T'Mrch trwyd, n. 8-7.
7>-Dewi 17-5 = 168.
Tynaethwy 68-19*
tywarch 5115; pedeir t'en
Tywi 73 5.= '52-
Tywyssogion Kyniry, x.
li. see n. 41-22.
Ubbanford, xxviii., (42-4).
Uchtryd, n. 73-10.
u5 64-i6*;62-22; = Henri ii., 63-4.
u5 67-22, yr EchwyS 57-14, 58-2

= 78 ; 60- 1 7 = 90 ; Reget u5 67

•19=124- O.G.

u5 erllyssan, 43-18.
u5 gorllwyd 445.
uffern 113, 4-21, 6-15, 12-21, 53

-II, 55-6, 66-17, 76-13; BuSiant

U. 3-15; n. 3-16.

22-13
Towy

Uffin 42-4. {Chester.

Ul])h 61-8-22* = A\j;;ulf, earl of

unben,deu, 17-24=- 170; -byn 13-4,
14-12, 15-20= 164 ;7o-i8= 150.

Vricn.i-7'/.,.iM-.nVV'., 33-8, 57i4-i6;
61-9-11=82, 63-1-10-24=114;
65-5-6- 12-24 = 94; 67-1 8*; ai)Er-
bin 42-26*; arbenhic teyrne5 58-
g;goruchel W'ledig 57-19; eur-
teyrnGogle5 58-9*; Reget u5 57
•24; u5 yr Echwy5, 57-14, 58-2,
60- 1 7 = 90 ; canu V. 58 /y 65 =
106-10, 88-90; IiacUiv dyn bed-
y5 57-14; i deyrn veibon 65-21
= 94. O. Gwyiieh

Vrien 42-7. .*" O. Keveilog

Vrien 56- 1 5,578 O. ap Kadwgan

vthyr : ? iichel ben, 71-6*

vthyr, ma/' : mar/ O/thyr 66-11

Vcliii \Ven-/.f/n!/ ?, n. 5624.

Venus 79-21*; Venoms 38-7*

venni, g\vae5, 72-21*

Vergil 27-12*

Voelyrch, n. 61-23.

vreith. see buch, c2i'Ca, paluc.

Vre-trwyn, bro, 30-6.

uOzch : Bwlch 14-26. [n. 56-24.

WenC'ynuyd = Gwenz'ynny575-2 1 ;

IVepre brook, xxii. ; ? = GwySen 6 1
■14*; n. 64-10.

whech march 26-25 = 40. ['•18-21.

WillicDii de Breos, nn. 71-13, 80

\V. of Long champ, nn. 34-24; 71

('lath 34-1* = 54. [-23.

xpc = Chr/j/(?s 6-23-25.

Kale, n. 65-2, b. see lal.

yell brych 55-22= 128 ; -en 5913.

ydon. .r^i? Aber Ydon. yeil, 63-15*

ygwen : Gyuen 38-24*= 154.

Ykanna : Ykbatanna 51-12= 130.

ymarwar 78-18-26.

Ynt 31-11. see Gynt.

Ynyr 42-3*-9-l4.'

fohn

B.T.

GENERAL INDEX

1 68

Ynys 18-15, 277, 68- 5-23; priv van
¥.78-21; Y.hon i8-2i;Y.Pryd-
ein 5-23; Y. ve/ V'eli 72-15*;
y Wen Y., n. 56-24; 79-1.

Ynys Von 33-17 = 54. .ft'i" Mon.

Ynys ( = Peninsula of)Q\s^x^ 5-23.

Ynys ( = a Tor) pybyr-5or, 55-14*
= 1 26. Joppa

ysceirvrith gyvrenhin,42-5,.r.rc/«V.

yscriven Brydein 43-24*

yscwydaur, 39-1, 62- 26.

yscwyd vrith 48-13.

Yspeil Taliessin, 62-16, 63-16.

Ystrat Kadelling 45- 16* = 92.

Ystrat. see Brunus and Gwen.

ystrat 3125, 38-13.

Zabulon 5-5. Zorim 5-6.

Additional Entries.
Aeron, Glyn, 42-1 = 192.
annwvyn 542 1, 55-2.
arall vro 38-23.

Ar5iinyon, -wen, xvi., 44- 1 *, 69-24.
Argoet, xxi., 6o-i 1, 61-14. \'--
Argoet ILwy\-ein .rt'/., xxi., 60-7*
Arthur 55-15-24. see Richard i.
Arthur, bp. of Bangor, nn. 67-18,
Awen 20-5-6-1 1, 21-21. L^9'9-

bar6-\ve6i 54-22.
Brei5in, xxiii.
Britanni, Brittones, ix-xi.
bro 8-6, 38-23-24.
Bryn cyvergyr n. 44- 1 3.
Brython o vone5 76-6.
Brythonic 79-8.
cadeir 34-8, etc.
caer 1-22; cant c. 27-8, etc.
Caer Gandwy, n. 55-14. fii.

Caer ILeon, .r//;., vol. ii. p. .xiii. f.n.
canweis 19-17. /7>. gwas nev, etc.
Ceiriog xix., xx. see Keryavvc
telli : gwell 58-24= 108 ; cellaOr :
cer liawr 61-16 = 84.

B.T.

celvyS, adj. 1-35, 3-14, 8-4, 19-5,

20-13,27-26,35-13,37-22,41-19,

53- "7, 73-2 1, 745; -av 36-3.
celvy5 68- 1 5 = 1 34 ; priv. g. 20- 1 =

114; -on 1-17 = 66, 26-3 = 36;

gwyr c. 1-35 = 68; -eit 8-5 = 8;

-yt 8-5, 52-22-23.
Kernes, n. 43-8. in Pern.

Kernels Bay. see Porth Gwygyr
in n. Anglesey. [736.

Kenarlk bychan, nn. 29-25, 38-11,
keneSyl 48-25; vrych 61-26; v. wyn

77-25*; k.ysci 72-17= 148; teir

k. wythlawn 34-3 = 54.
cenfu : cen^w 63-20=116; note

64- 1 8 ; a (-he//e« = ? a ihtirei 7/ab

Coel 60- 1 5 = 90.
cenhin 9-20= 74.
cer5 7-16, 8-1, 29-9-10, 34-23, 41-

19- 43>, 54-25, 55-9, 75-1 ; c.
amrysson 33-19; cerS ciwdawt
19-1 1-13 ; c. davawt 12-27; cer5
vas 32-3 ; c. vut 32-1.

cerSeu 43-12-21 = 118; c. cyvatn-
rysson 36-2 = 60; n. 67-20; kyr5
I rio, 20-20.

cerSawr 9-7-1 1, 37-22; c.hael9-7;
seith ugein c. 72-3=146; -or-
ion ii-io; 24-2 = 28; 33-23 =
54; 42-3= 190; n. 67-20; 78-9 =
186; -olion 33-27 = 54; -olyat
7-17 = 6. joadator-es

cerSenhin hen 42-6.

A'erdin, porth mawr, 29-26*

Keredigyawn 73-3*; 129.

Keri, kerin. see Kaer G.

keri, ivild brier, 24- 1 7*

Kernyw 45-22 = 92. Cornwall.

Keritvven 27-14 = 42; 36-11=62;
cadeir K. 33-10=52; 35-22 =
60; c. a pheir K. 36-9 = 62; peir
K. 33-10=52; (called) 'kyv-
rwys' 36-10 = 62; n. 35-4.

169

BOOK OF TALIESIN

Keryawc, goror, 60-3*; 633.
Cesarie 5-9. cerwyn 54-20.
Kessarogyon 77' '7*= ^^^■
Kestu5yn ap Beli 70-20*.
ket34-7; 58-16; 76-11; 78-16; -oeS
Kettti 54-21*= 126. [i3'9-

Kcthin, march Keidaw, 48-12.
cethlyS 72-4= 146. catliyl 75-9.
Kevcilawc 67-23*= 124.
Cevyn Moel, n. 44- 13. = .*" Cynvael
kevyn ILech V'ae/wy 44-14*= 120.
Kcx'ii yr Ystrycli, n.6i-i8.
cevynderw 31-18.
Chester, earldom of, xiii., xix\ sec

Liwely5; ii. p. xiii. f.n. 1 1.
Chirk Codex, .r?'/;.
kia// : kia//r 19-4= 10.
kily5 18-12 = Katwaladyr.
Kim neint 71-25*= 146.
Cisuen 5-5.
kiwdawt 4-1; k. Babilon 51-13; k.

Jude 6-4; k. Niniven 54-11.
Coel, vab, 60- 1 5 = 90. =? O.G.
Coct ILwyvein, xxi.
coguilleu 5 1-24*; p. 128. Cret 5- 1 1 .
cuneSav, xxiv., =cune5a\v(-69

■II*; =cu noSad 69-21*; =cu

.•->*• ? =diwe5av

[70-6*

darogan 74-23. deSvon 73- 1.

Ueganhwy, xxxv., n. 35-7.

deu gelvy5 1-22. \Eihwg.

Din Aldwg, n. 29-18, but see Din

Ech\vy5 33-9 = 52; 40-2=156; 55

e5ystyr9-2i ;pl.e5ystra\vry.T'. [10.

eil V'leiS, n. 64-1. eryron 76- 19.

elvy5 Retrc 1916. r/. 'cer elvyS

Gandwy, kaer, n. 55-14. [Ehvy.'

Geoffrey \., .\ii., xx.wi.

goSef gwrych 44-2, b*

goscorS mur 1-34.

gwein carrec 45- 14.

gweisson, pennaeth, 70-25.

gwawtveirS, 70-4.

gweladur 70-10.

Guely5, xvii., &c.

Gwenhwys, n. 39-22.

Gwy 45-i7* = 92; jffn. 14-20= 162

Henry ii., xxii., n.34-20, 62-16*. .

ILemenig 4813= 196.

E^eu, ILwyrfin varch, 48-8= 196.

ILwyven, xxiii.

llyn GogleS 75-21.

Maelgwn ap O.G. = Elphin 40-15*

M aelenyS, xiii. mangre 91.

Margam, n. 4326.

me5 9-10, 43-18, 65-15, meS-lestri

42-20, canu y m. 40-3.
MeSic, Einawn, 9-6. Mei 63-13.
Mon XX., nn.42-18-21, 43-1, 45-1 1,

75- II, etc.

nav 69-18-*, 70-2
Cwm Cowlyd, xxi.
Viymry, coiin/ry=.v,people=.vi.,x.r.
Kynan Garwyn ap B., xxv.
kyneilwad Croesgrwydriad, 48-27

*^ The Index rejerence is to the line in the text. The figures as-
terisked refer to Notes where the line number does not always corres-
pond, because the Note may refer to a passage in which the Indexed
name occurs. The Note 7vill therefore be occasionally found numbered
a line or two earlier, or a line or two later.

'^* The entries 'celli' to 'kiwdawt' were set up in regular order,
but were left out when making up the sheet "because .... 1"

B.T.

A LIST OF BOOKS USED.

Welsh Dictionaries by Drs. Davies, Pughe, and Silvan Evans.

Les Mots Latins by M. J. Loth.
-hexique ^tymologique du Breton Moderne by M. Victor Henry.

Leteinisches etymologisches Wdrterbuch by Dr. A. Walde.

Urkeltischer Sprachschatz by VVhitley Stokes. (Fick Vol. ii.)

The Concise Oxford Dictionary. Macbain's Gaelic Dictionary.

Welsh Grammar by J. Strachan.

Keltic Grammar by Prof. Holger Pedersen.

Irish Grammar {a) by M. Vcndryes, (6) by Dr. Thumeysen.

History of England by F. York Powell.

Prof. York Powell's remarkable knowledge of Charters, &c.. makes
his small book the only ' English History ' worth consulting with
reference to the early English expeditions against Wales.

Bohn's Antiquarian Library.

Wherever Prof. Lloyd quotes the original texts, the reference is
made to his History of Wales, which I hope students will consult

Eyton's A niiquities of Shropshire. J. Corbet Anderson's Shropshire.

George Ormerod's History of Cheshire.

Material collected from Original Sources during 30 years' work.

*,* The Dictionaries and Grammars in the above list have been
used, mostly without reference given. Other works consulted have
been mentioned in the Introductory matter and Notes, in connexion
with the information derived. Among contributions not accessible
to the Editor in titne to be of use should be mentioned Prof. Loth's
articles on Taliesin in the Revue Celtique, and Prof. J . Morris Jones'
Welsh Grammar. Lexicographical material of outstanding merit has
also appeared, to wit, Mr. Timothy Lewis' Glossary to the Chirk
Codex of Welsh Laivs, and Prof. Fynes-Clinton's Welsh Vocabulary
of the Bangor District. I hope to find another opportunity for
reviewing the work of my predecessors in the Taliesin field. Lack of
support compels me to silence now, as well as to omit the greater half
of the material collected for this work.

ADDITIONAL SUBSCRIBERS.

Patrons' Edition.
6 Davies, H. R., J. P., Treborth, Bangor.
13 Lewis, John T., 94 Woodstock Road, Oxford.
19 Thomas, Geo. II., F.R.G.S., 18 Ovington Gardens, S.W.

79 Thomas, J. Lvnn, C.B., F.R.C.S., Greenlawn, Pen-y-lan, Cardiff.

80 Williams,IIowell J.,J.P.,L.C.C.,Penrhyn, 263 Camden Road.N.

81 Williams, Miss, Bryncrin, Pwllheli.

Library Edition.

Carrcg-MoCowan , Mrs., Carrcg, Pwllheli.

209 Evans, Owain, IT.M.I., Afallon, Queen's Walk, Rhyl.

210 Hughes, T. Rowland, J. P., Plas lolyn, Conway.

211 Parry, Edw., M.Inst.C.E., Rossmore, Leamington.

212 Rees, J. Rogers, Merrixton House, nr. Stepaside, Perns.

Students' Edition.

301 Rulkcley-Owcn, the Hon. Mrs., The Limes, Shrewsbury.

302 Cornish Brothers, 39 New Street, Birmingham.

303 Lewis, Prof. E. A., M.A., D.Litt., D.Sc., Univ. College, Aberyst-

with.

304 Price, Daniel, 21 Twyford Avenue, Acton Hill, W.

305 Samuel, D., M.A., The County School, Aberystwith.

306 Thomas, Rev. J. LI., M.A., Vicar of Aberpergwm, Neath Valley.

307 Williams, Rev. D., M.A., Theological College, Aberystwith.

308 Williams, O. T., M.A., University of London, King's College,

Strand, W.C.

LIST 01- SUBSCRIBI'RS.

F.icsni//./: /fA7> TiA/ — Patrons' Edition, Nos. i-roo.

28 Brodrkk, the Hon. Mrs. Laurence, Coed Coch, Abergele.

43 Cardiff Public Libraries.

65 C'onyhearc, F. C, M.A., U.D., F.B.A., Norham Gardens, Oxford.

13 Cyminrodorioii, The Honourable Society of.

21 Davits, Charlfs Morj^an, M.A.I., Morjjanstown, Mertliyr.
5 Davies, J. 11., M.A., J. P., Cwrtmawr, Llangeitho.

22 Davies, John R., M.A., D.L., J. P.. Ceris. Bangor.

67 Davies, Joseph, J. P., Spring Cottage, Dinas Powis, Glam.
37 Davies, Miss, Plus Dinam, Llandinam, Mont.

49 Davies, Timothv , .M.P., J. P., 25 Collingham Gardens, S.W.

63 Davies, \V. J., Manager, the Laljour l^xchange, Merthyr.
10 Edwards, Sir Owen M., M.A., Chief lns|x'ctor of Education

for Wales, Neuadd Wenn, Llaniwllyn, y Bala.

14 Evans, Sir E. Vincent, 64 Chancery Lane, W'.C.

68 Evans, G. Eyre, Senior Sec. of the Carmartiienshire

Antiquarian Society, Ty Tringad, Aliervstwith.

69 Evans, Principal R. II., Agricultural College, Madryn.
61 Foster, W. A.. Lome House, Bangor.

70 Grifliths, John, M.A., Jesus College, Oxford.

24 Hawkslev, Charles, P. P.C.I!., ho Porchesler Terrace, Bayswater.

.Mr. Ilawksley also suiiscrihes for copies for : i. the London
Institution of Ci\il Engineers ; ii. the British .Museum ;
iii. the Bodleian Lilirary ; i\-. the Camhridge Uni\ersity
Lil)rary ; v. University College, Aherystvvith ; vi. Uni-
\ersity College, Bangor ; vii. University College, Cardiff.
46 Hughes, Richard, Ty hen, Llannercii y medd.

71 Hughes, Rev. W. Hawker, M.A., Jesus College, Oxford.
48 Jame: Charles, 64 Park Place, CardiflE.

25 James, Frank Treiierne, Penydarren House, Merthyr Tvdvil.

72 James, Mrs. W., Brvnh\\ryd. Llandvssul.

26 John, Edward T., M.P., Llanidan Hull, Lianvair P.G.

64 John, Sir W. Goscomhe, R.A., 24 Gre\ille Road,

St. John's Wood, .N.W.
30 Jones, Right Hun. Sir I). Brynmor, P.C, K.C., LI.B.,

27 Bryanston Square, W.
53 Jones, Edward, J. P., Maesmawr Hall. Cacr.sws, Mont.

27 Jones, Evan D., J. P., 6 Addison Road, W.,

and Pentower, Fishguard.

171

66 Jones, Inigo, Tudor Slate Quarries, Groeslon R.S.O.

35 Joncsj Prof. J. Morris. M.A., Tv Coch. Llanvair P.G.

29 Jonis, Myddleton Pennant, Ilavod y Dr^, Cecil Park,

Pinner. Middlesex.

73 Jones, \V. E. Tvldeslev, 1 1 Wetherby Gardens, S.W.

31 Lewis, Right Hon. J. Herbert, P.C, M..\., M.P.,

Penucha, Caerwys.

32 Lewis. Robert. 62 Green Street, Grosvenor Square.

62 Llewelyn, Sir John T. D., JJart., Pcnllergare, Swansea.

44 Lloyd, Prof. J. !•-., M.A.. University College. Bangor.
78 Matthews, Thomas, M..\.. Eryl, Llandebie.

42 Mills, Frederick. J.P., D.L., Llwyn-du Court, Abergavenny.
75 Morgan, J. Llewelvn, Bryn Derwen, Llandaff.

33 Morgan. Lt.-Col. Vv. E. LI., R.E., J.P.. Bryn Briallu, Swansea.

34 Morris, T. E.. LI.B.. 24 Lombard Street, Portmadoc.
53 Mostyn, the Right Hon. Lord, Mostyn Hall, MostjTi.

7 National Library of Wales, Aberystwith.

16 Owen. Edward. F.S.A.. Royal Commission House, Westminster.

8 Owen, Henrv. D.C.L., D.L., J.P., Poyston. Haverfordwest.

30 Pontvpridd, The Lord, D.L., J. P.. Br'onwvdd. CardifT.
23 Pricliard-Jones. Sir John, Bart., Ll.D., D.L., J.P.,

Maes-yr-Hav, Elstree. Herts.

74 Prj-ce-Jones, Sir Pryce, Dolerw, Newtown.

=;i Quaritch, Bernard, 11 Grafton Street, New Bond Street, W.
"6 Reynolds, Llywarch, B.A., Old Church Place, Jlerthyr Tydvil.

9 Roberts, Sir Thomas E., J. P., Plasybrvn, Carnarvon.

36 Roberts, Uchel-athraw T. F., M.A'., Ll.D., University

College of Wales, Aberystwith.
38 Rylands Library, Manchester.

45 Shankland, Re\-. T., Librarian of University College, Bangor.
76, 77 .Storey, Charles C. B., J.P., Plas Nantyr, Glyn, Ruabon.
II Thomas, Sir A. (iarrod, :M.1)., D.L., J. P., Bron-y-gaer,

Newport. Mon.
20 Warren, President Sir T. Herbert, JI.A., D.C.L.,

Magdalen College, Oxford.
4 Williams, Sir Jolin, Bart., G.C.V.O.. M.l)., D.Sc, Ll.D.,

Blaen Llynant, Aberj'stwith.
47 Williams, Miss Mary, ir.A.,D.Litt., King's College, Strand, W.C.

40 Williams, Venerable R., M.A., Llandeilo. Carmarthenshire.

41 Williams. Rev. R. Peris. Bron Haul, Wrexham.
50 Williams, T. Rhys, Terrace House, Blaina, Mon.

17 Williams, W. Prichard. Cae'r Onnen. Bangor.

18 Wright, Prof. J., M.A., Ph.D., D.C.L., F.B.A., Tharkley,

Banbury Road, Oxford,

172

FAcsiMii.h ^.\n Tim — Library Edition. Nos. 126-225.

156 Bodleian Library, The, Oxford.

13.5 Burrell, John, 9 Winchester Avenue, ISrondesliury, X.W.

144 Bergin, Prof. Osbom J., Ph.D., University College, Dublin.

169 Cambridge University Library. The.

138 CardiJJ Free Libraries. The.

158 Cemlyn-Jones, K. W., Gwredog, Rhosgoch, Anglesey.

134 Christ Church Library, O.xford.

132 CleeveSj C. E., Ileddfan, Ta\istock Road, Sketty, Swansea.

193 Coiuyn Bay Public Library, The.

135, 136 Davies, Lt.-Col. D., Jf.A., Ll.D., JI.P., Tironeirion,

Llandinam, Mont.
137 Davies, D. S., J. P., Plas Castell, Denbigh.

203 Davies, Ellis, M.P., y Graig Wenn, farnarvon.
i2y Davies, Miss, Plas Llandinam, Llandinam, Mont.
187 Davies, Rev. Canon E., B.D., The Cottage, Bangor.

Davies, Llewelyn. High Street, .Merlhyr Tydvil.

204 Davies-Evans, IL, Lord Lt. of Cardiganshire, Highmead,

Llanybyther, S. Wales.
Dulau & Co., 37 Soho Square. London, W.
Edmondes, Ven. V. W., M..V., Xolton Court, Bridgend.
i<>2 Edwards, Sir Eraneis, Bart., B.A., D.L., M.P., Knighton.

200 Evans, David, Maesybryn, Treharris R.S.O.

207 Evans, Right Hon.S.T., P.C.,L1.D., President of the Admiralty

Division of the Royal Courts of Justice. W.C.

142 Exeter College Library, O.xford.

150 Garmon-Jones, W., Elm Mouse, Ashville Road. Birkenhead.

201 Green, Ven. C. A. II., D.D.. Archdeacon of .Monmouth,

Jesmond, .Stow Park Circus, Newport, .Mon.
1X2 (Irilliths, William, Pencaemawr, Merthyr Tydvil.

143 Ciuildliall Library, The, London.

151 (iwyther, J. Howard, 13 Lancaster Gate, London, W.
Harvard College Library. Cambridge, .Mass.

1S6 Hinds, John, M.P., Brynteg. 30 Lee Park, BlackJieath, S.E.
154 Ilills-Johnes, Lt.-Gen. Sir James, G.C.B., V.C, Dolaucothv,

Llanwrda R.S.O. , S. Wales.
185 Howell, J. M., Plas Pcnhelig, Aberdovey.
184 Hughes, J., 170 Boundaries Road, Wandsworth Common, S.W.
190 Hughes, Col. W. Gwynne, D.L., J.P., Glancothy, N'antgaredig

R.S.O., Carmarthenshire.
141 James, J. Herbert, Vaynor Cottage, Merthyr Tyd\ii.
178 John, E. Llovd, Corwen.
i<)6 Jones, E. Alfred, M.A., Pwllheli.

208 Jones, Dr. J. Kenrick. J. P., Bronheulog, Llanrhaiadr, Oswestry.

173

197 lonc"*' Roliert, The Moorings, Rhyl..

148 Lewis, Rev. U. Klvet. .M..\.. 37 Hiiihiniry N'ew Park, N.
195 Lewis. Iluph. M..\., J. P.. Glan llavren, Newtown, Mont.
131 Lewis. Timothy, .M.A., University College, Aberystwith.

139 Lovegrove, E.'W., M..\., Ruthin School, Ruthin.

152 Mertoii College Library. Oxford.

153 National Library 0/ Ireland. Dublin.

149 National Library of Wales. Aberystwith.
191 Nnveastle-upnir-Tyiie Free Library.

194 Owen. D. (". l.lovd, .M.l).. si Newhall Street, Birmingham.
155 Owen. Sir Isambard. M.A!, M.U.. D.C.L., Ll.D., Vi.e-Chancellor
of the University of Bristol. Hereford House, Clifton.

179 Owen. O. Morgan, 76 Palace Court. London, \V.

164 Pritchard, D. F., Goytrey House, Pontyjjool, Mon.

.177 Pritchard, L. J.. Menai Lodge. Wellesley Road, Chiswick, W.

159 Prys, Rev. Principal Owen, M.A.. Lluest, Aberystwith.

180 Quaritch. Bernard. 11 Grafton Street, W.
157 Queen's College Library. Oxford.

Quiggin, E. (".. M..\., Ph.D.. Caius College, Cambridge.
Rees, David, East London, South Africa.
199 Roberts, D. C J. P., Awelon, St. David's Road, Aberystwith.

160 Roberts! L. J.. M.A.. H.]^I.LS., Swansea.

205 Roberts, R. {Isallt). M.R.C.S.. J.P., Plasweunydd, Blaeneu Fes-

162 Rowlands, T. J., 21 Spring Gardens. ^lanchester. [tiniog.

166 Roval Institution of S. ]\'ales. ex dono K. D. Jones, j.P.
130 St. Beimo's College, St. Asaph.

163 5/. David's College Library, Lampeter.

146 Stephens, Dr. G. Arbour, 61 Walter Road, Swansea.
Stevens & Brown, B. F., 4 Trafalgar Square, W.C.

165 Swansea Public Library.

167 Teulie. -M. Henri, Bibliothecaire de I'Universite, Rennes.

168 Thomas, D. Lleufer, M.A., Derlwyn, Whitchurch, Glam.

198 Thomas, Venerable D. R., M.A., F.S.A., Llandrinio

Rectory, Llanymynech.
189 Thomas, j. Aeron, J.P., Dolgoy, West Cross, near Swansea.
172 University College of Wales Library. Aberystwith.
188 Venmore, James. J.P.. Parkside, .\nfield Road, Liverpool.
145 Walsh, Father P., M.A., Mullingar.

140 Watkin, M. E., M.A., Sorbonne, Paris.

206 Williams, Hon. Mrs. A., Lansor, Caerleon, Mon.

202 Williams, George, Ecclevechan, Lake Road, Wimbledon.

147 Williams, Ivor, M.A., University College, ]5angor.
183 Williams, Rev. John, Llwvn Idris, Llanvair P.G.

161 Williams, W. Llewelyn, K.C., ,AI.A., B.C.L., M.P.,

III Ashley Gardens, S.W.

174

F.icsiMt/.n ytxr Text — Students' Edition. Nos. 276-475.

Aberayron Public Library.

Arnold, E. V., M.A., D.Litt., Unixcrsity College, BaiiLjor.
,515,, ^16 Asher & Co., 13 IJedford Street, Covent Garden, \\'.(".
373 Bala Theological College.
451 Barns, Re\-. Thomas, M.A., llildcrstone Vicarage, Stafford.

329 Be\iin, H. ('., Blainu, Mon.

^8 Bowen, Alfred K., M.A., Town Hull, Pontypool.

371 Bridge, Prof. J. C, M.A., .Mus.Uoc, F.S.A., Ch. Ch. Vicarage,

322 Cariiiarthensliirc .Antiquarian Society and Chth. [Chester.

387 Cardiff Free Librarie.s.

^9 Copenhagen — The Royal Library.

320 Corbett, E. W. M.. D.L.. J.P., Cogan Pill, Penarth, Cardiff.

32 J Corpus Christi College Library, Oxford.

328 Daniel, Rev. John, Llun Dudwen, Pwllheli.

382 Davies, .Alfred T., J. P., Permanent Secretary to the Welsh

Dept., Board of Education. Whitehall, S.W."
586 Davies, B., .\.M.I.C.E., Wilford, Chase Green .\ venue, Enfield.
395 Davies, Rev. B., M.A., The Palace, Abergwili, R.S.O.
422 Daxnes, Rev. Gwynoro, Barmouth.
,391 Davies, J. C, .M..\., Education Oflices, Ruthin.

388 Davies, Rev. James, B..\., Mynyddljach, Landore, Glam.

323 Davies, John, 17 Fountain Street, Manchester.
Davies, Llewelyn, High Street. Mirtlnr Tvd\il.

392 Davies, Mrs. >Iary, F.R..\.M., i2.\ VAon Road, llampslead.
414 Davies, Timothy, .M.P., J. P., 25 Collingham Gardens, S.W.

325 Davies, W. Lloyd, B..\., Exchequer & .\udit Dejjt., Victoria

326 Deighton, Bell & Co.. Cambridge. [Embankment, ICC.

383 Diverres, Dr. .M. P., Penrhos, Hillside Park, Bargoed.

327 Dulau & Co,, 37 Soho S(|uare, W.

421 Edwards, Prof. E., M..\,, University College, Aberjstwith.
408 Edwards, John, M..\., Countv School, Holvwcll.

330 Edwards, W., M.A,. II,M.LS;, Courtland House, Merthvr.

393 Ellis, Surg.-Gen. P. M., Rhyllech, Pwllheli.
377 Evans, ]C\an, Laura Place, .\bcrystwith.

Evans, E. Lslwvn, Treijaron. Cardiganshire.
397 Evans, J. Owain, ll.M.!., Afall.m, Queen's Walk, Rhyl.
335 ICvans, Pepyat \\ ., B.C.L., 6 King's Bench Walk, Temple, E.G.

331 Evans, S. J., M..\., County School, Llange\ni.

332 Fisher, Rev, J., B.D., Cefn Rectory, St. .\.saph.

394 Eraser, J., M..\., 77 Crown Street, .\berdeen.

372 Fynes-Clinton, I'rof. O. 11., M.A., University College, Bangor.
7,7,2, Gaidoz, }A. Henri, rue Servandoni 22, Paris, VI«,

352 George, William, Garth Gelyn, Criccieth.

334 Ciilihon, Rev. J. M., 7 Sprinj;fiild. Clapton, X.F..

Grevcl & Co., 33 King Street, Co\ ent Garden, W.C.
369 Ciriffith, J., B.Sc, County Scliool, Dolgelley.
423 C.ruffydd, W. J., M..\., University College, Cardiff.
4yi (Jwynn, E. J., ,M.A., 34 Trinity College. Dublin.
336 1 la vard- Jones. Rev. H. T., M.A.. The .Moat, Soham.
'398 Howard, Lady, Cilymacnllwyd, Llanelly,
449 James, IF. E., B. A., Springfield, Haverfordwest.

Jarvis & Foster, Lome House. Bangor.
^^1.) Jenkins, Rev. J. ((ht'ili). iM.A., Gwynvrjn School, Ammanford.

403 Jenkins, W. M., J.P., The Porch, West'hide, Hereford.

309 John, Principal l^•or 15.. M..\., Training College, Carleon.
Jones, Arthur, M.A.

451 Jones, Benjamin, J. P., 29 Plantation Street, Rhymney.
42C1 Jones, Daniel W., Bryntirion, Merthyr Tydvil.

404 Jones, David, Broniestin, Aberdare.

340 Jones, Rev. D. J., M.A., S. Theodore Vicarage, Port Talbot.
39g Tones, Edgar, M.A., County School, Barry.

402 Jones, Rev. E. Aman, B.A.

310 Jones, Mrs. Edm., Yscubor fawr, Penderyn, Aberdare.
367 tones, Rev. Fred., B.A.. Jloriah, Rhxmney.

405 Jones, Henry, 96 Watergate Flags, Chester.
360 Jones, Rev. J. Avan, B.A.

417 Jones, Prof. J. Lloyd, M.A., University College, Dublin.

411 Jones, J. Owen, L.R.C.P., J. P., Llwyn-onn, Holywell.

341 Jones, L. D. (Llew Tegid), 3 Edge Hill, Bangor.
362 Jones, Rev. R. J., M.A., Bron lestin, Aberdar.

412 Jones, Major-Gen. R. Owen, C.B., i Knaresborough Terrace,

Cromwell Road, S.W., and Bryn Tegid, Bala.

430 Jones, R. W., J. P., /or Lewis School, Pengam, near Cardiff.

452 Jones, Thomas, M.A., Clunmore, Abergavenny.
309 Jones, Thomas, M,A., City Hall, Cardiff.

413 Jones, Prof. \V. Jenkyn, M.A., Bodalwyn, Aberystwith.
420 Jones, Watkin Samuel, M.A., B.Sc, Aberystwith.

Kegan Paul, Trench & Co.. Drvden House, 43 Gerard Street, W.

343 Ker. Prof. W. P., M.A.. D.Lit't., 95 Gower Street, W.C.

438 Lewis, Rev. Canon, Ystradyvodwg Vicarage, Pentre, Glam.

344 Lewis, Prof. D. Morgan, M.A., University College, Aberystwith.
Lewis, Henry, 118 Cottrell Road, Roath.

353 Lewis, Sir Henry, J. P., Belmont, Bangor.

346 Liverpool Free Public Library, The.

436 Llewelyn, L., C.E., J. P., Kings Hill, Newport, Hon.

431 Lloyd; Charles, M.A., J. P., Waunivor, Maesycrugie R.S.O.

347 Loth, M. J., Sorbonne, Paris.

349 Manchester Reference Library. The.

1/6

35° Manchester University Library, The.
450 Meyrick Library, Jesus College, Oxford.

Miles, T., 95 Upper Street, London, N.
435 Mills, Frederick, JP-. B.L.. Llwyn-du Court, .\bergavenny.

415 Morris, A., Esq., Gwynva Gold Tops, Newport, Mon.

351 Morris, Rev. Principal Silas, -M.A., Baptist College, Bangor.

355 National Library oj Wales, The.

416 Newport Public Library, The, Mon.

New York Stale Library, The, .\lhany. New York, U.S.A.
4?7 Normal College. Bangor, per Principal D. R. Harris, .M..\.
419 Oriel College Library. Oxford.

342 Owen Owen, North & South Wales Bank, Pwllheli.
354 Owen, Rev. Canon Trevor, F.S..\., M..\.. Bod

Elwyddan Vicarage, Rhuddlan.
^17 Owen, Rev. O. Eilian, M.A., Liverpool.

363 Parry-Williams, T. H., M.A., B.Litt., Ph.D.,

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374 Pcdersen, Prof. Dr. Ilolger, ("openhagen.
429 Phillips, Prof. R. W., D.Sc, University College, Bangor.

356 Plummer, Rev. Charles, M.A., C. C. College, Oxford.
409 Powel, Prof. Thomas, M.A., Univ. College, Cardiff.
456 Price, Dr. Emvr Owen, 286 High Street, Bangor.

311 Price, H., M.A.', H.M.LS., Whitchurch, Cardiff.

312 Prichard, Thomas, Llwydiarth Escob, Llanerchymedd.

441 Prickard, .\. O.. M.A., Shotover. Fleet, Hants.
357, 358 Pugh, J. Williams, M.I).. M.R.C.S., 45 Upper

Rock Gardens, Brighton.
424,425 Quaritch, B., 11 Grafton Street, W.

Quiggin, E. C, M.A., Ph.D., Caius College, Cambridge.
348 Randell, Rev. T., D.D.. The Rectory, .Sunderland.
361 Recs, Daniel, M..\., Ph.D., County School, Cardigan.
444 Rees, O. Morgan, Benton House, Whitchurch, Glam.
434 Rees, Rev. Principal T.. Bahi- Bangor College, Bangor.

313 Reichel, Principal Sir H. R.. M.A.. Ll.D., Univ. Coll., Bangor.
400 Rhys, Ernest, Derwcn, Hermitage Lane ICnd, Child's Hill, N.W.
433 Roberts, D. Lloyd, 37 Withinglon Road, Manihester.

453 Roberts, Sir Herbert, Bart., Bryngwcnallt, .Abergele.

442 Roberts, R. E., Mtirion House, Llangollen.

455 Roberts, Rev. R. Gwylfa, D.Litt., New Road, Llanelly.

443 Roberts, R. Silyn, M.A., University Registry,

Cathays Park, Cardiff.
428 Roberts, W. (!., Hendre Gaerog, Carnarvon.

364 Robyns-Owen, ()., Erw Wen, Penrhos, Pwllheli.

365 Royal Library, The, Copenhagen.

Roberts, J. .Martin, B..\., .Min\-fford,Garnant, Carmarthens.

^11

368 Salmon, Principal D.. Training College, Swansea.

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370 Spiirrull, Walter, King Street, Carmarthen.
436 Stern, L. Ch., Ph.D., Bul()\vstra.sse 45, Berlin, W.57.

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396 Tavlor, Henry, F.S..\., 12 Curzon Park, Chester.
375 Thomas, Dewi, Secretary's Office, Euston Station, N.W.
•^76 Thomas, G. Caradog, 88 Moselev Street, Manchester.
;i45 Thomas, Ivor, D.Sc, Ph.D., F.G.S., H.M.I.S.,
66 Cromwell Terrace, Swansea.

Tliomas, J., Areulva, Garnant, Carmarthenshire.
432 Thomas, Rev. J., .M.A., Vicarage, Carmarthen.

Thomas, John, 12 William Street, Cardigan.

Thomas, Rev. Lorimer, M.A., Holywell.
418 Thomas, Re\-. W., M.A., Bethania House, Blacngarw, Glam.

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380 Trinity College Library, Dublin.

406, 407 University College Library, Bangor. •

410 University College Library, Cardiff.

337 Upsala University Library.

427 Vachell, C. T., M.D., 11 Park Place, Cardiff.

314 Waddingham, T. J., M.A., D.L., Havod, nr. Aberystwith.

381 Wade-Evans, Rev. A. W., M.A., France Lynch, Stroud.

446 Warren, Re\'. Canon F. E., D.D., F.S.A., Bradwell

Rectory, Burv St. Edmunds.
401 Watkin, Rev. W. Rhys, M.A.
345 Williams, Rev. D. D., 63 Cecil Street, Manchester.
454 Williams, J. A. A., J. P., Aberglaslyn Hall, Beddgelert.
3go Williams, J. Henry, J. P., M.R.C.S.', Aberavon, Port Talbot.

447 Williams, J. L., Maesquarre, Ammanford, S. Wales.

457 Williams, Rev. J. O., London Terrace, Llantrisant, Glam.

448 Williams, Lewis N., Caecoed, Aberdare.

300 Williams, Miss Mary, M.A., D.Litt., King's College, W.C.

384 Williams, Thomas, J. P., Llew-esog Plall, Denbigh.
389 Williams, T. C, 49 Clovelly Mansions, London.

366 Williams, Prof. T. Hudson, D.Litt., Univ. College, Bangor.
359 Williams, Rev. W., M.A., Glyngarth, Bangor.

385 Williams, W. Jones, B.A., LIB., 42 Rutland Park

Mansions, Willcsden Green, N.W.
440 Williams, W. U., M.A., County School, Mountain Ash.
Williams & Norgate, 14 Henrietta Street, Covent Garden.

338 Willis-Bund, J. W. B., M.A., Ll.B., D.L., J. P.,

Wick Episcopi, Worcester.
378 Wrexham Free Library, The.

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