Fauna from the Eocene of Washington

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GEOLOGY

Vol. I, No. 3, pp. 1-56, pis. 8-12

June, 192

FAUNA FROM THE EOCENE
OF WASHINGTON

by

CHARLES E. WEAVER

and

KATHERINE VAN WINKLE PALMER

SEATTLE, WASH.

UNIVERSITY OP WASHINGTON

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UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLICATIONS

IN

GEOLOGY

Vol. I, No. 3, pp. 1-56, pis. 8-12 June, 1922

FAUNA FROM THE EOCENE
OF WASHINGTON

by

CHARLES E. WEAVER

and

KATHERINE VAN WINKLE PALMER

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction 1

Faunal Localities in Western Washington 2

Description of New Species 6

Plates 46

INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this paper is to place on record the description and illus-
tration of new fossil molluscan species from the Eocene formations of western
Washington. For several years the writers have been engaged in an investigation
of the Washington Eocene, the results of which are to be published in a strat-
igraphical and faunal history of the Eocene of the Northwest. Extensive
collections were made from the Eocene formations of Washington as well as
those of Oregon. These were in every case, where possible, tied into strati-
graphic sections. A preliminary study of the faunas was made in the paleon-
tological laboratory of the University of California. Later the material was
divided into duplicate collections, one of which was retained by the senior writer
for study in the paleontological laboratory of the University of Washington
and the other by the junior author at Cornell University. Accordingly there
has been opportunity for study and comparison with the marine Eocene of
California as well as with that of the Atlantic and Gulf. Of the new species
recognized as a result of these investigations, sixty-four are described in this
report. A list of faunal localities in western Washington has been included.
This list is a continuation of the series as published in volume 1, number 1, of
the University of Washington Publications in Geology.

73-
To

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 3

328
East bank of Olequah Creek about one and one-half miles north of Vader where
creek runs near railroad track. Seam of brackish water fossils. Section 20, Township 11
North, Range 2 West. Eocene. Old locality 295.

329
West bank of Cowlitz River at bend and extending several hundred feet below near
"Vader, Lewis County, Section 28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West. Eocene. Old
locality 233.

330
On east bank of Cowlitz River, about one mile above the ferry on Greece's ranch,
four miles east of Vader, Lewis County, Section 25, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.
Eocene or Oligocene. Old locality 239.

331
In railroad bluff about one and one-half miles south of Vader, Lewis County, about
700 feet below railroad post No. 79, Section 4, Township 11 North, Range 2 West. Eocene.
Old locality 299.

332
Bluffs along Stillwater Creek about one-half mile above the junction of Olequah and
Stillwater creeks, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.
Eocene.

333

On Stillwater Creek about three-fourths of a mile above its junction with Olequah
Creek. A narrow seam. Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West. Eocene .

334
On Cowlitz River about three-fourths of a mile below Olequah station, about 800 feet
below post No. 81, where path leads down the bank to the river. Section 4, Township
10 North, Range 2 West. Eocene.

335
At old dam about three-fourths of a mile above the junction of Mosquito and Coal
Creeks, Cowlitz County, Section 10, Township 8 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

336
About one-fourth of a mile above the old dam on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County.
Brackish water shells and fossil leaves found in high water bed across from high bluffs.
Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

337
About one-half mile above old dam, on west bank of Coal Creek, Cowlitz County. Fossil
seam in high bank. Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

338 •

About 400 feet below locality 339, on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, Section 11, Township
8 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

339
About one-fourth of a mile below Inman-Polson shops at bend in creek about 200 feet
below high bluff where railroad is visible on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County. Large oyster
bed. Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

340
About 200 feet below railroad trestle on east bank of Coal Creek, Cowlitz County.
Oyster beds. Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

341
At Inman-Polson shops (old Inman-Polson store) about two and one-half miles up
Coal Creek from Mount Solo, Cowlitz County, Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.
Eocene.

4 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

342
About one-fourth of a mile above Inman-Polson shops on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County,
Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

343
On west bank of Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, about one-half mile above where small
creek enters on the east, at Inman-Polson shops, Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3
West. Eocene.

344

On Coal Creek, Cowlitz County at falls about one-fourth of a mile above wagon road
bridge, Section 35, Township 9 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

345
On Coal Creek at large falls about one-half mile below the schoolhouse, Cowlitz
County, Section 35, Township 9 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

346
At small falls just below bridge at schoolhouse settlement on Coal Creek, Cowlitz
County, Section 35, Township 9 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

347
Back of old Leybo place about one-half mile below old Inman-Polson camp, on Coal
Creek, Cowlitz County, Section 27, Township 9 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

348
On Coal Creek just above old Leybo place about one-half mile above the footbridge,
Cowlitz County, Section 27, Township 9 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

349
On Coal Creek at old Inman-Polson camp about six or six and one-half miles up Coal
Creek, just above where small creek enters on the east side. Section 27, Township 9 North,
Range 3 West Eocene. Old locality 243.

350
On Coal Creek about one-fourth of a mile below the old Inman-Polson camp, Cowlitz
County, Section 27, Township 9 North, Range 3 West. Eocene.

351
On the east bank of Cowlitz River about one-fourth of a mile below Greece's ranch,
small seam in the river bed, Section 26, Township 11 North, Range 2 West. Oligocene
or Eocene.

352
In railroad cut on Oregon-Washington R. R. & Navigation Co. line, one mile north
of Lincoln Creek station in Section 27, Township 15 North, Range 3 West. Oligocene.
Old locality 256.

353

One mile south on west shore of bay, from boulders not in place, near Quilcene,
Jefferson County, Section 24, Township 27 North, Range 2 West. Oligocene.

354

About one-half mile north of Centralia, on the Northern Pacific Railway, Lewis
County, Section 4 North, Township 14, Range 2 West. Eocene.

355
From cliffs about one mile north of Point Grenville, north of Moclips, Grays Harbor
County, Section 13, Township 21 North, Range 13 West. Pliocene.

356
From cuts on grade of Willapa Harbor branch of Milwaukee R.R. at Sudbury, 15
miles east of Raymond at summit, four miles east of P. and E. junction, Pacific County.
Miocene.

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 5

357
From cuts in grade of Willapa branch of Milwaukee R.R., in cuts about two miles east
of P. and E. junction, 13 miles east of Raymond, Pacific County. Miocene.

358
At Joyce Station, one-fourth mile east of Tongue Point R. R. at Port Crescent, Clallam
County, Section 22, Township 31 North, Range 8 West. Eocene.

359
In wagon road cut just east of Porter, Grays Harbor County, Section 27, Township
17 North, Range 4 West. Oligocene.

360
From bluffs at Porter station in Northern Pacific R.R. cut, Grays Harbor County,
Section 22, Township 17 North, Range 4 West. Oligocene. Old locality 160 .

361
Exposure on east bank of Porter Creek just above where wagon road crosses creek
at the town of Porter, Grays Harbor County, Section 27, Township 17 North, Range 5 West.
Oligocene.

362
Exposure about one mile up Porter Creek from station on east bank just above the
wagon bridge, Grays Harbor County, Section 22, Township 17 North, Range 5 West.
Oligocene.

363
Exposure on Porter Creek, one and one-half miles ' from Porter station, Grays
Harbor County, Section 22, Township 17 North, Range 5 West. Oligocene.

364
Exposure at old dam about three miles up Porter Creek from station, Grays Harbor
County, Section 14, Township 17 North, Range 5 West. Oligocene.

365
Bluff on west bank of Porter Creek about three and one-half miles up Porter Creek
from station, Grays Harbor County, Section 22, Township 17 North, Range 5 West.
Oligocene.

366
At contact between the Oligocene sediments and Eocene basalt four and one-half
miles up Porter Creek, Grays Harbor County, Section 14, Township 17 North, Range 5 West.
Oligocene.

367
On Gibson Creek, a few hundred feet above where the creek crosses the Northern
Pacific R.R., about three miles southeast of Porter, Grays Harbor County, Section 2, Town-
ship 16 North, Range 5 West. Oligocene.

368

At German's place, Castle Rock, Cowlitz County, Section 24, Township 9 North, Range
2 West.

369
Head of Arkansas creek, Cowlitz County, Section 24, Township 10 North, Range 3 West.

370

At Scattagrece Falls, Cowlitz County, Section 18, Township 9 North, Range 2 West.
Eocene.

6 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

DESCRIPTION OF NEW SPECIES
PELECYPODA

GENUS NUCITLA LAMARCK

Nucula (Acila) stieewaterEnsis n. sp.
Plate VIII, Figure 8

Description. — Shell small, rectangular in outline; anterior dorsal margin
nearly straight, posterior ventral margin nearly straight, sloping to a broadly
rounded anterior end which approaches the dorsal margin with greater convexity ;
escutcheon impressed but not defined by an incised line ; central portion of the
area of the escutcheon raised, protruding slightly beyond the posterior margin;
surface ornamented with radiating ribs medium in strength ; above the central
portion of the shell the divarication is single, below the mid-area the series of
divarication is comparatively wide, the duplication increasing ventrad forming
five sets along the ventral margin ; the area of divarication occupying the middle
third of the ventral portion of the shell ; lunule not defined ; surface with heavy,
impressed growth lines forming wide undulations on the surface of the shell.

Dimensions. — Length 1 1 mm. ; height 9 mm. ; width 8 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection), McClarety ranch on the south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile
west of Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

GENUS LEDA SCHUMACHER

Leda coweitzensis n. sp.
Plate X, Figure 4

Description. — Shell small and thin, sub-oval in outline; posterior end ros-
trate and pointed; anterior end regularly and broadly rounded, ventral margin
curved, posterior end sloping at an angle of 30° to the ventral line terminating
at the dorsal margin in a beak ; posterior dorsal margin directed downward and
concave; lunule narrow and elongate, only slightly impressed and limited by a
fine line ; escutcheon narrow and impressed ; surface ornamented with concentric
ribbing which continues from the anterior margin, regularly to the rostrum, the
ribs are numerous with only slight interspaces, they are prominent and have the
appearance of slightly overlapping each other from the ventral region toward the

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 7

ambones ; a faint groove extends from the beaks to the posterior point of the
ventral margin, just back of which the concentric sculpture is somewhat obliter-
ated except for faint lines of growth.

This shell resembles somewhat the specimens which Dr. Dickerson has
pictured as L. gabbi, from California localities. (Proceedings of the California
Academy of Science, 1915, vol. V, No. 3, pi. 1, fig. 1 ; University of California
Publications in Geology, vol. 9, No. 17, pi. 36, fig. 3, 1916). Leda gabbi Conrad
as represented by Gabb (Geological Survey of California, 1864, vol. I, pi. 26, fig.
185 ; vol. II, p. 197) is less equilateral, the rostrum more pointed and the ribbing
finer than Leda cowlitzensis.

Dimensions. — Length 20 mm.; height 11 mm. (largest specimen).

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at the bend in Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West; type locality 343 (University of Washing-
ton Palaeontological Collection) on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County near Inman-
Polson Camp shops, Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

genus YOLDIA moller

You>ia duprki n. sp.
Plate X, Figures 2, 7

Description. — Shell small, plump, and subelongate in outline; inequilateral,
beaks situated not quite a third of the distance from the anterior end; ventral
and dorsal margins nearly parallel ; anterior dorsal margin sloping at about an
angle of 10° from the dorsal margin, rounded below into the ventral margin which
is only slightly rounded, posterior end extends upward at about an angle of 40°
with the ventral margin, posterior terminating at the dorsal margin in a point;
posterior dorsal end concave; lunule faintly developed; escutcheon more deeply
impressed; surface smooth except for the concentric growth lines which are
fine and delicate; shell with a beautiful polish; outline of the teeth seen tnrough
the shell in the cardinal region.

Named in honor of Dr. Warren Du Pre Smith, professor of Geology, Uni-
versity of Oregon.

Dimensions.— Length 14.5 mm. ; height 8 mm. ; width 6 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend in Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

8 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

genus ARCA (Linne) eamarck

ARCA COLUMBIANA n. Sp.

Plate VIII, Figure 1

Description. — Shell large and rectangular in outline ; nearly equilateral ; beaks
prominent, umbonal area broad ; hinge line straight ; cardinal area narrow ; dorsal
line sloping slightly from the beaks ; anterior end rounded, passing into the
ventral margin with a curve ; ventral margin only slightly curved, extending
abruptly into the posterior end; posterior end straight; posterior end is more
flaring and concave than the anterior end; there is a tendency for a slight
umbonal ridge to extend from the beaks to the posterior ventral margin ; shell
ornamented with 22 flat-topped, wide, very prominent radiating ribs with inter-
spaces nearly equal to the width of the ribs.

Dimensions. — Length 40 mm. ; height 35 mm. ; thickness 30 mm.

Occurrence.- — At locality 337 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on Coal Creek about one-half mile above old dam, Cowlitz County,
Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

Subgenus barbatia (Gray) adams
Arca (Barbatia) suzzaeeoi n. sp.
Plate VIII, Figure 6

Description. — Shell small, elongate in outline; inequilateral, beaks situated
one-third the distance from the anterior end ; dorsal margin straight ; anterior
end nearly straight, sloping at about an angle of 15° with the dorsal margin,
passing into the ventral margin with a broad bow; ventral margin straight,
produced obliquely; posterior margin broadly pointed at the ventral end, sloping
to the dorsal margin at about an angle of 40° ; a mid-umbonal sulcus extends to
the ventral margin, sloping obliquely from the beaks ; surface sculptured by con-
centric lines of growth crossed by numerous fine, delicate, radiating ribs which
bifurcate, forming two ribs of equal width on the lower region. The bifurca-
tion of the ribs occurs over the whole of the shell including the posterior as well
as the anterior region of concaveness. Under the microscope these ribs show
a beaded character, which are most numerous on the anterior, umbonal slope;
cardinal area very narrow.

Named in honor of Dr. Henry Suzzallo, president of the University of
Washington.

Dimensions. — Length 20 mm. ; height 10 mm. ; width 8 mm.

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 9

Occurrence. — At locality 324 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) in the west bank of Olequah Creek about one-eighth of a mile north
of Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 1 1 North, Range 2 West.

Arca (Barbatia) cowutzensis n. sp.

Plate VIII, Figure 9

Description. — Shell medium in size, oblong in outline ; inequilateral, beaks
situated one-fourth of the distance from the anterior end; dorsal margin
slightly curved, anterior end sloping from the dorsal margin at an angle of 40°,
rounding into the ventral margin which extends obliquely, nearly parallel to the
dorsal line; posterior end broadly rounded, sloping from the dorsal line at an
angle of 20° ; beaks' low and broad ; valves convex, concave along the posterior
and anterior borders ; surface ornamented with numerous, fine, close-set, radiat-
ing ribs which cover the entire surface of the shell; interspaces very narrow,
about one-third of the width of the rib.

Dimensions. — Length 22 mm. ; height 14 mm. ; thickness 12 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Arca (Barbatia) landesi n. sp.
Plate VIII, Figure 4

Description. — Shell small, thin and delicate ; elongate in outline ; inequi-
lateral, beaks situated about one-third of the distance from the anterior end;
dorsal margin straight; anterior end well rounded, sloping from the dorsal
margin at an angle of 35° and rounding into the ventral margin; ventral margin
straight, nearly parallel with the dorsal margin ; posterior end rounded ventrally,
nearly vertical with the dorsal margin; surface sculptured with fine, radiating
ribs which are uniform in character over the whole surface of the shell. On
the anterior slope the ribs are separated by interspaces about twice the width of
the ribs. Within the interspaces there may be developed threads ; on the middle
portion the ribs and the interspaces are narrow and about equal in width; ap-
proaching the posterior slope the ribs alternate in size ; the central ribs are deli-
cately beaded ; the posterior ribs from the umbonal slope to the dorsal line are
larger, with wider interspaces and are about 14 in number.

In general outline this species is similar to B. morsei Gabb but differs in the

10 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

areal differentiation of the radiating ribs. The anterior, dorsal margin does not
slope obliquely as it does in B. morsei.

Named in honor of Professor Henry Landes of the Geology Department,
University of Washington.

Dimensions. — Length 19 mm. ; height 6 mm. ; width 4 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at the bend in the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus GLYCYMERIS da costa

Glycymeris sagittaTa (Gabb) var. dickersoni n. var.

Plate VIII, Figure 5

Description. — Shell of medium size and subquadrate in outline ; dorsal mar-
gin slightly convex; anterior margin nearly straight and sloping downward at an
angle of 15° with the dorsal margin and gradually passing into the regularly
rounded, ventral margin ; posterior margin broadly rounded, the posterior ventral
margin regularly bowed; surface ornamented with numerous close-set, flat-
topped radiating ribs, which on the majority of the specimens examined are only
well developed on the middle portion of the shell. The anterior and posterior
surfaces of the adult specimens show a lack of, or at least poorly developed,
radial sculpture, but the lines of growth are more strongly developed. In the
young and more immature specimens, the radial ribs are better developed on the
anterior and posterior areas, the outline is less quadrate, and the anterior and
posterior margins slope downward making nearly equal angles with the dorsal
margin, the posterior being a little more convex than the anterior.

The radiating and concentric sculpture in this variety seems to be less well
developed, as exhibited on unweathered specimens, than in Glycymeris sagittata
(Gabb). The diverging lines described for G. sagittata have not been noticed
even on the worn specimens of this variety. The anterior margin is less rounded
than in G. sagittata. The general outline of the shell is somewhat similar to
G. hannibali Dickerson, but the width of the interspace in G. hannibali is equal
to those of the radiating ribs, while in G. sagittata var. dickersoni the ribs are very
much wider in comparison.

This variety is very abundant, occurring in a narrow, very fossiliferous
sandy layer.

Dimensions. — (Average). Length 15 mm. ; height 14 mm. ; width 10 mm.

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 11

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) bend of the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

GlyYCYMERIS CRESCSNTENSIS n. sp.

Plate VIII, Figures 10, 12

Description. — Shell small, subquadrate; anterior end straight and inclined
downward at an approximate angle of 45° from the dorsal margin to a point
about one-half of the height of the shell, the remaining portion curving regularly
into the ventral margin ; posterior end rounded ; surface delicately ornamented ;
the anterior portion with seven very wide radiating ribs obliquely sloping toward
the anterior end, and which on the extreme anterior region decrease in size;
when the shell is held with the anterior end directed toward the eye, the peculiar
slope of the ridges causes the high point of each rib to appear as a very narrow
rib, with a wide interspace about three times the width of the rib ; the ornamen-
tation on the posterior portion is composed of narrow, rounded, radiating ribs
with interspaces of nearly equal width. The entire surface is also sculptured
by numerous fine, concentric lines which give the ribs a microscopic, crenulated
appearance.

Dimensions. — Length 10 mm. ; height 9 mm. ; width 6 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 358 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at Joice station, one- fourth of a mile east of Tongue Point, Port
Crescent, Clallam County, Section 22, Township 31 North, Range 8 West.

Gl,YCYMERIS KELS03NSIS n. Sp.

Plate VIII, Figure 2

Description. — Shell large and subquadrate; umbones large; cardinal area
very narrow ; hinge line straight ; beaks situated near the mid-line of the shell ;
anterior dorsal margin abruptly rounded; anterior end straight rounding into
the ventral margin; ventral margin curved to the posterior end; posterior end
straight, oblique; posterior umbonal slope more convex than the anterior slope
which flares out to the anterior margin ; a slight flexure occurs at the posterior
dorsal end; shell very convex; surface ornamented with 33 very flat, wide,
radiating ribs with very narrow interspaces.

This species is like G. veatchii Gabb var. major Stanton but differs from that
species in the straighter dorsal line, in a greater production of the anterior end
dorsally and in the less pronounced character of the posterior flexure.

12 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

Dimensions. — Length 37 mm. ; height 33 mm. ; thickness 22 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 343 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on west bank of Coal Creek about one-half mile above Inman-Polson
shops, Cowlitz County, Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

genus PTERIA scopou

Ptejria clarki n. sp.
Plate X, Figures 5, 12, 15

Description. — Shell small to medium in size ; oblique in outline ; very inequi-
lateral, beaks situated one-fifth of the distance from the anterior end; cardinal
line straight, anterior end sloping sharply from the cardinal margin at an angle of
25° for a short distance then extending vertically to the ventral margin where it
swings with a broad curve into the ventral margin ; ventral margin broadly
rounded and parallel with the dorsal line ; posterior margin well rounded at the
ventral end, extending nearly vertical or at a low angle into the dorsal margin ;
anterior ear small, posterior ear very broad, subcompressed ; central area of the
shell, extending obliquely from the beaks, broad and convex, often marked by an
impressed groove which extends between the posterior and anterior slope of the
body portion and the basal line of each ear ; surface ornamented with prominent,
close, concentric lines of growth ; the growth lines curve sharply from the pos-
terior dorsal line to the region of the body of the shell, where they turn at
almost a right angle and follow the line of the umbonal slope for a short distance
then curve regularly and extend parallel with the line of the ventral margin,
anteriorly they extend parallel with the slope of the ear ; shell of a light brown
coloration, mottled with reddish-brown spots ; the larger and more mature speci-
mens have a uniform color of reddish-brown.

This species is somewhat like Avicula pellucida Gabb but the beak in P.
clarki n. sp. is less prominent, the sculpture is more pronounced, and the curve
of the concentric lines on the posterior ear is very much different from that
exhibited in A. pellucida. In P. clarki they curve at a greater angle from the
dorsal line with a deeper sinuosity in the region where the ear merges into the
body of the shell.

Named in honor of Dr. Bruce L. Clark, professor of Paleontology, Uni-
versity of California.

Dimensions. — Maximum height 37 mm.; width 31 mm.; thickness 14 mm.

Occurrence.— At locality 323 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) in bed of small creek entering Oiequah Creek, near Vader, Lewis

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 13

County; {type) at locality 324, on Olequah Creek about one-eighth of a mile
north of Vader opposite locality 323 ; locality 325, on Olequah Creek about
one-fourth of a mile north of Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 11
North, Range 2 West.

genus OSTREA unneaus

OSTREA COLUMBIANA n. Sp.

Plate VIII, Figures 15, 16

Description. — Shell large and elongate in outline; right valve very convex
and irregular; left valve flat or concave with the anterior end straight dorsally,
swinging into the ventral margin with a broad curve which continues ventrally
to the posterior, ventral end ; posterior end with a more or less deep concave area
at about one-third of the distance from the dorsal line ; shell very thick ; surface
of the left valve rough and irregular with overlapping laminae; surface of the
right valve smoother, the growth lines more regular than those of the left valve;
left valve with a glossy, corneous outer layer over which are fine yet conspicu-
ous radiating lines; beaks deflected posteriorly; anterior and posterior margins
internally or laterally with coarse transverse grooves.

This species is related to O. idriaensis Gabb. the left valve of O. Columbiana
n. sp. is typically broader dorsally and less curved, and the right valve is smoother
and less squamose.

The fine striae on the external corneous layer of the shell is like that
described and figured by Professor Harris* as occurring on Ostrea alabam-
iensis Lea of the Eocene of the Gulf and East Coast.

Dimensions — Co-types ; height right valve 58 mm. ; width right valve 43 mm. ;
thickness right valve 10 mm. ; height left valve 60 mm. ; width left valve 44 mm. ;
convexity left valve 30 mm.

Occurrence. — Type locality 340 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, Section 11, Township 8 North,
Range 3 West; type locality 324 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of Olequah Creek about one-eighth of a mile north of
Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 11 North, Range 2 West; locality
319 (University of Washington Palaeontological Collection) at McClarety ranch,
south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile west of Vader, Lewis County, Section
30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West; locality 341 (University of Washington
Palaeontological Collection) on Coal Creek about two and one-half miles up

14 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

Coal Creek from Mount Solo, Cowlitz County, Section 2, Township 8 North,
Range 3 West; locality 343 (University of Washington Palaeontological Collec-
tion) on Coal Creek about one-half of a mile above Inman-Polson shops, Cow-
litz County, Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3 West; locality 320 (Univer-
sity of Washington Palaeontological Collection) on south bank of Stillwater
Creek below the graveyard about one and one-half miles from Vader, Lewis
County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus ANODONTA cuvier

Anodonta arnoedi n. sp.

Plate X, Figure 10

Description. — Shell large and rectangular in outline ; inequilateral, beaks
situated about one-third of the distance from the anterior end; beaks broad and
low ; cardinal line straight ; anterior end sloping from the dorsal line at an angle
of 30° for about one-third of the length of the anterior end, then broadly curves
into the ventral margin ; ventral margin straight and parallel with the dorsal line,
posterior end straight, broadly pointed at the ventral margin, extending at an
angle of 40° to the dorsal line ; an umbonal ridge extends from the beaks
obliquely to the posterior-ventral end, above which the region is concave ; surface
sculptured only with fine, concentric lines of growth ; shell thin and fragile ; inner
layer of shell nacreous.

Named in honor of Dr. Ralph Arnold.

Dimensions. — Length 43 mm.; height 23 mm.; thickness 11 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 315 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at dam just below the railroad bridge on west bank of Olequah Creek,
about one-third of a mile below its junction with Stillwater Creek, near Vader,
Lewis County, Section 32, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

GENUS LIMA BRUGUIERE

Lima packardi n. sp.
Plate VIII, Figure 13

Description. — Shell small ; obliquely oval in outline ; inequilateral ; beaks
minute; posterior dorsal margin straight, sloping only slightly from the beaks;
posterior end slopes roundly from the dorsal line at an angle of 40°, passing below

1922] Fauna from the Bocene of Washington 15

into the ventral margin at about the same angle ; ventral margin curved, rounding
more sharply into the anterior end ; anterior end straight, extending at an angle
of, 60° with the cardinal line and extending directly from the anterior margin of
the beaks; no anterior ear present; surface sculptured with numerous fine
radiating ribs which on the posterior end of the shell have interspaces that are
nearly equal in width to the rib, the ribs become broader on the middle portion
of the shell with the interspaces about one-fourth of the width of the rib.

Named in honor of Dr. E. L. Packard, professor of Geology, University of
Oregon.

Dimensions. — Height 10 mm. ; width 7 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 324 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) in the west bank of Olequah Creek about one-eighth of a mile north
of Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 1 1 North, Range 2 West.

genus MYTILUS unneaus

MyTIEUS STIUEWATERENSIS n. sp.

Plate IX, Figure 13

Description. — Shell medium in size; outline subquadrate, convex; dorsal
margin slightly rounded ; anterior margin nearly straight ; posterior end rounded,
inflated at the ventral side; ornamentation consisting of coarse, radiating ribs
with narrow interspaces; on the umbonal slope and along the dorsal margin
many of the ribs bifurcate.

Dimensions. — Length 22 mm. ; width 16 mm. ; thickness 10 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) McClarety ranch on south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile west of
Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 1 1 North, Range 2 West.

genus modiolus lamarck

Subgenus brachydontes swainson

Modiolus (Brachydontes) olEQUahensis n. sp.

Plate IX, Figures 3, 17

Description.— Shell median, elongate; posterior end obliquely produced;
hinge line straight and long ; ventral margin sloping broadly and obliquely to the

16 University of Washinyton Publications in Geology [Vol. I

posterior end; umbones strongly curved, forming a sharp ridge on the dorsal
margin ; umbonal slope extending from the beaks to the posterior end ; in
younger specimens the dorsal margin of this ridge is more rounded; sculpture
delicate, consisting of flat, radiating ribs which are larger over the dorsal and
posterior regions continuing to the lower surface of the umbonal slope; the ribs
on the middle portion of the shell are very much finer and more delicate, increas-
ing in size on the short anterior end; hinge margin crenulated, distinct on the
anterior portion, very fine beneath the beaks and becoming obscure on the
posterior region; shell with a beautiful nacreous luster.

Dimensions. — Length 21 mm. ; length of umbonal slope 20 mm. ; thickness
7 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 324 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) in the west bank of the Olequah Creek, about one-eighth of a mile
north of Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Modiolus (Brachydontes) cowutzensis n. sp.
Plate IX, Figure 19

Description. — Shell medium in size; subovate in outline; dorsal line straight,
curving regularly into the posterior end which extends almost vertically down-
ward ; posterior end broad and inflated ; anterior end short ; beaks low ; umbonal
slope prominent and arching downward, convex above with a prominent concavity
beneath; surface ornamented with radiating ribs which over the posterior and
umbonal regions are large and flat with narrow interspaces ; on the middle por-
tion of the shell the ribs are very fine and delicate ; on the anterior end of the
shell, there are five or six radiating ribs which are enlarged with wide spaces
between, the interspaces equal to the width of the ribs ; cardinal margin denticu-
late, the series of teeth are larger on the anterior margin, diminishing in size
beneath the beaks and becoming obscure on the posterior end; shell very thin and
fragile.

The sculpture of this species is like that of M. olequahensis n. sp. which has
the tripartite differentiation of the radiating ribs. It differs from M. olequah-
ensis in the distinct curving of the umbonal ridge and the almost straight vertical
slope of the posterior end. The area above the umbonal slope in M. cowlitzensis
is convex and slightly concave near the margin of the shell, the greatest con-
cavity being beneath the ridge while in M. olequahensis the area above is concave
and only slightly concave beneath.

Dimensions. — Length 15 mm.; thickness 7 mm.

1922] Fauna from the Hoccne of Washington 17

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Modiolus kllsolnsis n. Sp.
Plate X, Figure 13

Description. — Shell large, narrow and elongate in outline; anterior end
straight and vertical ; ventral margin straight, rounding abruptly into the posterior
end which is broadly pointed; the posterior dorsal margin is rounded obliquely
to the dorsal line ; beaks medium in size ; umbonal ridge pronounced, narrow
near the beaks, broadening posteriorly and occupying the whole width of the
last third of the shell ; the widening of the ridge gives the appearance of the fold
being overturned. The shell is concave directly beneath the ridge in the middle
portion of the shell and above, along the dorsal margin. The sculpture consists
of prominent, radiating ribs over the umbonal and dorsal regions but which
become obsolete on the middle area of the shell producing a smooth unstriated
area as in Modiolaria; character of the ribs anteriorly unknown.

This species differs from M. oiequahensis n. sp. and M. cowlitsensis n. sp.
in the greater size and narrowness of outline. The angle of the umbonal ridge
is more nearly like that of M. oiequahensis but the anterior end is straighter and
not produced, in that respect it is more like M. cowlitsensis.

Dimensions. — Length 50 mm.; greatest height 15 mm.; thickness 16 mm.

Occurrence. — Type locality 347 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) back of the Leybo place about one-half of a mile below old Inman-
Polson camp on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, Section 27, Township 9 North,
Range 3 West; at locality 370 (University of Washington Palaeontological Col-
lection) Scattagrece Falls, Cowlitz County, Southeast quarter Section 18, Town-
ship 9 North, Range 2 West.

Modiolus Columbian us n. sp.
Plate VIII, Figure 7

Description. — -Shell large, oval-elongate in outline ; inequilateral, breaks situ-
low ; ventral margin straight ; dorsal margin sloping obliquely upward from the
beaks; posterior margin sloping at an angle of 45° from the dorsal line, rounding
shortly into the ventral margin ; umbonal ridge high, extending broadly to the

18 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

posterior ventral line ; surface ornamented with medium, coarse, radiating ribs
which become obsolete on the middle region of the shell below the umbonal ridge.
In this respect the sculpture is like that of M. kelsoensis n. sp.

This species differs from M. kelsoensis n. sp. with which it compares more
nearly in size and sculpture, in being less elongate but much broader and higher.
The general character of the sculpture of the two species M. kelsoensis and M.
columbianus is like that of the recent M. (Brachydontes) demissus (Dillwyn) of
the Atlantic coast, and which now, having been imported from the east, occurs
on the Pacific coast in San Francisco Bay.

Dimensions. — Length 35 mm. ; height 20 mm. ; width 20 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 347 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on Coal Creek, Lewis County, back of Leybo place about one-half of
a mile below old Inman-Polson Camp, Section 27, Township 9 North, Range 3
West.

genus CRASSATELLITES kruger

Crassatelrites stiuavaterEnsis n. sp .

Plate IX, Figures 1, 2

Description. — Shell of moderate size, thick and trigonal in outline; inequi-
lateral, beaks situated about one-third of the distance from the anterior end;
beaks small ; anterior margin sloping from, the beaks at an angle of 30° for about
half the length of the anterior end and then rounding into the ventral margin;
ventral margin slightly curved; posterior truncate; extending vertically from the
ventral margin for about half the height of the shell and then sloping to the beaks
at an angle of 25°; an umbonal slope extends from the beaks to the posterior
ventral margin ; hinge heavy ; large resilium scar ; one large middle cardinal
with a thin anterior cardinal; margin of hinge plate grooved anteriorly; area of
lunule and escutcheon well developed; internal margin smooth; surface orna-
mented only with fine, concentric lines of growth.

Dimensions. — Length 43 mm.; height 32 mm.; thickness 18 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at McClarety ranch on south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile west
of Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

1922] Fauna from the Hocene of Washington 19

genus VENERICARDIA umarck

Venericardia cearki n. sp.

Plate IX, Figures 4, 5 ; Plate X, Figure 8

Description. — Shell small and ovate ; umbones small ; anterior end slightly
produced, sloping from the beaks at an angle of 20°, rounding into the ventral
margin ; ventral margin regularly rounded ; posterior end rounded, passing from
the ventral margin at about the same degree of convexity as the anterior end ;
posterior dorsal margin nearly straight or slightly curving to the posterior end ;
surface ornamented with 18 to 20 very well developed radiating ribs with rounded
interspaces about half the width of the rib ; the median portion of the ribs is
raised and rounded, the base forming a lower ridge on each side of the ribs,
giving them a tripartite character; the median, raised portion of the ribs is
ornamented by fine nodes or pustules which occur on all the ribs on very young
shells, and on the umbonal region and the anterior end of most of the shells ; the
ribs on the posterior end of the older specimens become broader and the pustulate
condition obliterated; inner margin fluted.

Dimensions. — Length 17 mm.; height 15 mm.; thickness 11 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of the Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Venericardia crescentensis n. sp.
Plate X, Figure 9

Description. — Shell small and subquadrate in outline ; posterior dorsal line
straight, slightly oblique; posterior margin straight, extending almost at a right
angle to the dorsal margin and abruptly passing into the ventral margin which
curves slightly to the anterior end ; anterior moderately produced ; surface orna-
mented with 22 wide, flat-topped, radiating ribs with interspaces about one-third
of the width of the ribs ; on the posterior dorsal region the ribs become narrower
and the interspaces wider; an umbonal ridge extends from the beaks to the
posterior ventral point.

Dimensions. — Length 15 mm.; height 12 mm.; thickness 10 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 358 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at Joice station, one-fourth of a mile east of Tongue Point railroad,
Port Crescent, Clallam County, Section 22, Township 31 North, Range 8 West.

23 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

GENUS CARDIUM LINNEAUS

Cardium oldroydi n. sp.
Plate VIII, Figures 3, 1 1

Cardium brewerii Dickerson, 1915, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., Vol. V, No. 3, pi. 2,
figs. 3a, b.

Description. — Shell moderate in size, subovate, beaks central ; posterior mar-
gin nearly straight, rounding into the dorsal and ventral margins ; anterior and
ventral margins regularly rounded ; surface ornamented with about twenty-seven
wide, flat-topped, radiating ribs with interspaces about half the width of the ribs;
on both sides of each rib at the angle is a series of delicate nodes which are con-
tinuous from the beaks to the ventral margin. On the umbonal area they are
minute, increasing in size downward ; on the portion of the shell below the middle
they are very conspicuous ; the first two or three posterior interspaces are
coarsely cross-striated, many begin to show a divided condition which ultimately
gives rise to the bi-pustulate character of the ribs. The ribs have the appearance
of being barbed. On one specimen several distinct, short, spiny tubercles occur,
situated along a faint mid-groove of the ribs. The whole sculpture is beautiful
and delicate. Anteriorly the ribs are often eroded and the presence of the fine
nodes obscure ; internal margin fluted or grooved.

In shape this species is somewhat like C. brewerii Gabb but is more oval
than that form. The posterior umbonal slope is less sharp and the posterior area
less concave in C. oldroydi. The unique nodose character of the ribs with the
] ossible development of tubercles makes this species distinct.

Named in honor of Mrs. Ida Oldroyd of Leland Stanford University.

Dimensions. — Length 26 mm. ; height 25 mm. ; thickness 20 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of the Cowlitz River, near the town of Vader, Lewis
County, Section 28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus PITARIA roemer

PiTaria (Lamelliconcha) Eocenica n. sp.

Plate X, Figures 14, 16

Description. — Shell medium in size; ovate; beaks prominent, situated about
one-third of the distance from the anterior end; dorsal margin high; posterior
end sloping roundly to the ventral margin ; ventral margin regularly and broadly
rounded ; anterior end produced ; concave beneath the beaks ; lunule heart-shaped,

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 21

impressed and bound by an incised line ; escutcheon very narrow ; surface orna-
mented with numerous, lamellar, concentric ribs with interspaces about three
times the width of the ribs.

This shell is like that figured by Dr. Dickerson in the Prod. Cal. Acad. Sci.,
vol. V, no. 3, pi. 3, figs. 2a, b, to which he gave the new name Meretrix
tejonensis to replace Meretrix uz'asana Gabb. Pitaria eocenica n. sp. differs from
Meretrix uvasana Gabb in smaller size, a more ovate shape and the posterior end
more rounded and less attenuated.

Dimensions. — Length 25 mm. ; height 22 mm. ; thickness 16 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Pitaria stocki n. sp.
Plate X, Figure 6

Description. — Shell medium in size and ovate in outline ; very convex ; beaks
small ; anterior end short, slightly curved, extending from the beaks at an angle
of 35c ; ventral margin arcuate, rounding into the anterior and; posterior ends;
surface ornamented with numerous flat, concentric ribs with interspaces about
half the width of the ribs ; concentric ribbing more pronounced on the anterior
and posterior slopes and on the lower part of the shell; a very large lunule,
extending nearly the length of the anterior end ; lunule bounded by an impressed
line; teeth normal.

Named in honor of Dr. Chester Stock of the Paleontology Department, Uni-
versity of California.

Dimensions. — Length 24 mm. ; height 22 mm. ; thickness 14 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 320 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) south bank of Stillwater Creek below the graveyard, about one and
one-fourth miles from Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North,
Range 2 West.

genus MACROCALLISTA meek

Macrocaelista wjeeiamsoni n. sp.

Plate X, Figures 1, 11

Description. — Shell large, oval-elongate in outine ; inequilateral, breaks situ-
ated about one-fourth of the distance from the anterior end ; beaks moderate in

22 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

size ; dorsal margin sloping from the beaks, posterior end passing from the dorsal
line at an angle of 30° forming a broadly pointed margin, ventral margin regu-
larly curving from the posterior margin and rounding into the anterior end;
anterior slightly produced, concave beneath the beaks; surface sculptured with
prominent, wide, concentric ribs which cover the entire surface of the shell ; the
interspaces very narrow, about one-fourth of the width of the ribs.

This species differs from Meretrix uvasana Gabb, Meretrix tejonensis Dick-
erson and Meretrix uvasana Conrad (Dickerson) in being more elongate in the
outline of the shell, and the ribs in M. williamsoni are very wide with narrow
interspaces while on the species mentioned the ribs are narrow with wide inter-
spaces. M. williams oni differs from Macrocallista conradiana Gabb in being
less narrowly pointed posteriorly and less elongate.

Named in honor of the late Mrs. Martha Burton Williamson of Los Angeles,
California, who has been an ardent contributor to the conchology of the Pacific
Coast.

Dimensions. — Length 39 mm. ; height 28 mm. ; thickness 10 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection), McClarety ranch on south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile
west of Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus PSAMMOBIA eamarck

PSAMMOBIA COLUMBIANA n. Sp.

Plate X, Figure 18 I

Description. — Shell large and oblong ; inequilateral, the anterior end shorter ;
posterior end higher than the anterior; anterior and posterior dorsal lines
straight and oblique, the anterior sloping at a greater angle; posterior and dorsal
ends rounded below ; ventral margin straight ; surface of shell with coarse, con-
centric lines of growth.

Dimensions. — Length 75 mm. ; height 36 mm. ; thickness 19 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 342 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, about one-fourth of a mile above
Inman-Polson shops, Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

PSAMMOBIA COWUTZENSIS n. sp.

Plate IX, Figure 18

Description. — Shell large and oblong in shape ; inequilateral ; anterior end
shorter, convex ; anterior dorsal margin sloping ; shell rounded at both ends ;

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 23

posterior end broader, concave above; line of the escutcheon straight, slightly
oblique ; shell thin ; pallial sinus large, rounded in front, reaching beyond the
middle of the shell; ventral margin straight; sculpture unknown except for con-
centric lines of growth.

In outline P. cowlitzensis is more nearly like P. hornii (Gabb) but is more
inequilateral than that species and higher in proportion to the length.

Dimensions. — Length 53 mm. ; height 28 mm. ; thickness 12 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

PSAMMOBIA OLEQUAHENSIS n. Sp.

Plate IX, Figures 11, 12

Description. — Shell moderately large, thin ; broad in outline ; anterior end
convex, shorter and sloping to a well rounded end ; posterior end broadly rounded,
concave above along a post-umbonal slope; posterior dorsal margin straight;
ventral margin straight and parallel ; surface with fine concentric lines of growth
which on the posterior end become more acute and slightly raised ; obscure radiat-
ing lines occur on the posterior margin of the shell.

Dimensions. — Co-types respectively: length 29 mm., 18 mm.; height 26 mm.,
11 mm.; thickness 8 mm., 6 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 324 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on the west bank of Olequah Creek about one-eighth of a mile north
of Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

GENUS SOLEN LINNEAUS
SOLKN CI.ARKI n. Sp.

Plate IX, Figure 16

Description. — Shell large and long; valves convex; ventral and dorsal mar-
gins parallel ; anterior end oblique, rounded at the base ; posterior tip unknown ;
a deep, anterior furrow extends from the umbones to the ventral margin, ver-
tically inclined to the dorsal and ventral margins; surface with fine concentric
lines of growth which extend parallel with the dorsal and ventral margins for
about two-thirds of the length of the shell then turn abruptly and continue to the
<iorsal margin at right angles to the dorsal line.

24 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

This species is like S. parailelus Gabb in size and in the parallel character of
the dorsal and ventral margins but differs in the presence on S. clarki of the deep
anterior furrow.

Named in honor of Professor Bruce L. Clark of the University of California.

Dimensions. — Length 52 mm.; height 17 mm.; thickness 12 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 342 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on Coal Creek about one-fourth of a mile above Inman-Polson shops,
Cowlitz County, Section 2, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

SoEEN COI,UMBIx\NUS n. Sp.

Plate X, Figure 3

Description. — Shell large and broad ; dorsal region slightly convex ; anterior
end sloping from the dorsal line at an angle of 25° turning more vertically at the
middle portion of the shell and passing below into the ventral margin at an angle
of 40° ; dorsal line nearly straight ; a deep, anterior sulcus extends obliquely from
the beaks to the ventral margin parallel with the anterior margin ; surface smooth
except for the growth lines which are moderately conspicuous.

This species differs from 5*. clarki n. sp. in being less convex, higher and in
the oblique direction of the anterior sulcus.

Dimensions. — Length 45 mm:; height 21 mm.; thickness 4 mm.

Occurrence.- — At locality 337 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) about one-half mile above old dam, on west bank of Coal Creek,
Cowlitz County, Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

genus CORBULA BRUGUIERE

CoRBUEA DICKERSONI n. Sp.

Plate IX, Figures 9, 10

Corbula hornii Dicker son, 1915, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., Fourth Series, Vol. V,
No. 3, pi. 4, figs. 5 a, b; not Corbula hornii Gabb, 1864.

Description.-- Shell small, sub-trigonal in outline ; thick ; inequilateral, beaks
situated nearer the anterior end ; beaks low and inconspicuous ; anterior dorsal
end sloping from the beaks at an angle of 25° rounding into the ventral margin;
ventral margin slightly rounded, ending abruptly in the truncated, posterior ven-

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 25

tral end; posterior end sloping from the dorsal line at an angle of 30°, narrowly
truncate at the base ; a sharp ridge extends from beaks to the posterior ventral
margin ; valves very convex ; left valve tends to be more pointed posteriorly and
the ventral line less straight; surface ornamented with fine, distinct concentric
ribs with interspaces about half the width of the ribs ; concentric ribs terminate at
the umbonal ridge, the area between the ridge and the anterior margin smooth
except for lines of growth. Crossing the concentric ribs there are commonly
threadlike, radiating lines on the lower portion of the shell, which extend from a
mid-line to the umbonal ridge. These lines are very fine and often microscopic
with very wide interspaces between, where they cross the concentric ribs they
give the surface a cancellated appearance.

This form differs from Corbula hornii Gabb in being less equilateral, in the
anterior end being less produced and the posterior end more pointed.

Named in honor of Dr. Roy E. Dickerson of the California Academy of
Sciences, San Francisco, California.

Dimensions. — Length 12 mm. ; height 8 mm. ; thickness 6 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of the Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Corbula stillwaterEnsis n. sp.
Plate VIII, Figure 14

Description. — Shell large, sub-ovate ; rostrate ; beaks large and prominent ;
valves very convex ; dorsal margin slightly convex, anterior end rounded ; ven-
tral margin rounded anteriorly, sloping slightly upward in the region of the
rostrated posterior end ; extreme margin of the posterior end broken ; dorsal
margin concave, sloping to the beaks at an angle of 40° ; shell thin, smooth ex-
cept for the fine lines of growth.

Dimensions. — Length 22 mm. ; height 16 mm. ; thickness 13 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection), McClarety ranch on the south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile
west of Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

26 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

PHAENOMYA new genus
Plate IX, Figures 6, 7, 8

Type Phaenomya vaderensis n. sp.

Description. — Shell medium in size, trigonal in outline ; equivalve ; gibbous,
beaks high and) full ; anterior end rounded ; posterior end produced, a slight ridge
extends from the umbones to the posterior ventral margin ; right valve with a
tooth beneath the beak and in front of a wide and deep cartilage pit ; in the left
valve there is a narrow, deep socket which extends anteriorly beneath the beak
and which lodges the tooth of the right valve; behind the socket and beneath the
beak there is a wide projecting, spatulate cartilage process which fits into the car-
tilage pit of the right valve; posterior ligamental area present, internal, widest
just behind the cartilage process; pallial sinus very slight; valves not gaping;
escutcheon impressed; lunule not present; shell smooth.

The absence of the pallial sinus, the character of the tooth and socket of the
right valve and the general shape of shell are characters which are like Corbula,
the spatulate process of the left valve is like that of Mya; Phaenomya has in ad-
dition the deep groove or socket anterior to that process.

This form is associated with a fresh water fauna which includes Goniobasis
olequahensis Arnold and Hannibal, Goniobasis hannibali n. sp., Anodonta arnoldi
n. sp., Hydrobia pontis n. sp. and Viviparus zvashingtoniana Arnold and Hannibal.

Phaenomya vaderensis n. sp.
Plate IX, Figures 6, 7, 8

Description. — Shell medium ; inequilateral, beaks situated about one-third of
the distance from the anterior end; trigonal in outline, very convex; beaks high
and prominent ; anterior end concave ; anterior margin sloping roundly to the
ventral margin ; ventral margin straight ; posterior end truncate, passing into the
ventral margin at a right angle and sloping to the beaks at an angle of 35° ; a
slight umbonal ridge extends from the beaks to the ventral margin ; surface
smooth except for the concentric lines of growth.

Dimensions. — Length 28 mm. ; height 20 mm. ; thickness 13 mm.

Occurrence.- — At locality 315 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at the dam just below the railroad bridge at Vader on west bank of
Olequah Creek about one-third of a mile below its junction with Stillwater Creek,
Lewis County, Section 32, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 27

Gastropoda

genus FISSURIDEA swainson

Fissuridea STILL WATKREN sis n. sp.

Plate XI, Figures 3, 6

Description.— Shell medium in size, outline elliptical ; apex situated a little
in advance of the middle ; anterior slope moderately steep ; angle of the posterior
slope less than that of the anterior ; surface ornamented with about 28 primary,
radiating ribs between which are ribs secondary in size, in most cases there is a
third, smaller, radiating rib between the primary and secondary ribs ; the alterna-
tion in the size of the ribs is most conspicuous nearer the apex of the shell and
on the anterior and posterior slopes ; the radiating ribs are crossed by numerous,
revolving lines which give the shell a close, cancellated appearance.

In size, shape and general rib arrangement this shell resembles Fissuridea
alabama (Harris), (Bull. Amer. Pal. Ill, No. 11, p. 102, pi. 12, fig. 23, 1899)
from the Sabine Eocene of Alabama, but from which it differs in having a greater
number of primary ribs and in a greater tendency for the intervening ribs to be
produced into secondary and tertiary, there never being more than three smaller
radiating ribs between the primaries.

The type locality for this species is at 319 on the Stillwater Creek, Lewis
County. An eroded specimen of this same species was found at locality 347, on
Coal Creek, Cowlitz County. No other species of this genus has been described
from the west coast Eocene.

Dimensions. — Greater diameter 19 mm.; lesser diameter 13 mm.; altitude 8
mm.; apical angle 113°.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (type) (University of Washington Palaeonto-
logical Collection) McClarety ranch on south bank of Stillwater Creek, one
mile west of Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2
West; locality 347, back of Leybo place about one mile below old Inman-Polson
camp, on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, Section 27, Township 9 North, Range 3
West.

genus SOLARIELLA s. wood

'SOLARIELLA OUEQUAHENSIS n. Sp.

Plate XII, Figures 10, 12

Description. — Shell small ; whorls five angulated ; aperture round ; suture im-
pressed, slightly channelled ; body whorl sharply angulated at the base ; between

28 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

the angle of the whorl and the suture there are two revolving ribs on the penulti-
mate whorl and three revolving ribs on the body whorl, below the angle of the
whorl four revolving ribs occur, all cut by radiating striae which give the sculp-
ture a nodose or beaded appearance ; base of the body whorl has revolving ribs
less pronounced than on the rest of the shell; umbilicus deep, moderately wide
for the size of the shell, interior and margin beaded by radiating striae ; where
portions of the outer layer of shell material has been peeled off a nacreous inner
layer is revealed.

Dimensions. — Go-types measuring respectively; altitude 2.25 mm., 4 mm.;
width of body whorl 4 mm., 5.25 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 326 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on Olequah Creek, back of Armstrong place about one-half mile
north of Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 11 North, Range 2 West,

S0IYARISLLA CRESCENTENSIS n. sp.

Plate XII, Figure 11

Description. — Shell small ; whorls four, rounded ; suture impressed, slightly
channelled ; aperture round ; surface of the whorls ornamented with prominent,
revolving ribs crossed by radiating lines which dissect the revolving ridges into
nodes or beads. This sculpture extends with equal prominence over the whole
surface of the whorls and umbilical area.

S. crescentensis differs from S. olequahensis in the lesser angulation of the
whorls and in the strength of the beaded sculpture. The revolving ribs on the
base of the body whorl of olequahensis are much smaller and less noticeable than
on the upper surface of the whorls and they are only crossed by faint lines, while
in S. crescentensis the basal sculpture is as strongly developed as elsewhere ; al-
together in S. crescentensis there are eleven, revolving ribs including the rib which
forms the margin of the umbilicus.

Dimensions. — Altitude 4 mm. ; width of body whorl 5 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 358 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at Joice station, about one-fourth mile east of Tongue Point R. R.,
Port Crescent, Section 22, Township 31 North, Range 8 West.

GENUS NERITA ijnne

Nerita washingtoniana n. sp.

Plate XI, Figure 4

Description. — Shell small, semi-globose ; spire minute absorbed by the body

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 29

whorl ; body whorl rounded ; aperture elliptical ; outer and inner lip finely dentate ;
callus large ; surface with microscopic, spiral lines covered by dark brown, spiral
stripes. The original coloration of the bands is preserved in part and their con-
tour suggests that they would apparently extend regularly over the surface of
the body whorl without a zigzag or wavy pattern.

Dimensions. — Altitude 3 mm. ; width of body whorl 3.75 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend of the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, in Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus PYRAMIDEIXA eamarck

Subgenus Syrnola Adams

Pyramidelea (Syrnola) vaderEnsis n. sp.

Plate XI, Figures 16, 17

Odostomia new species Dickerson, 1915, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., vol. V, No. 3, pi.
5, fig. 10 a, b.

Description. — Shell small, slender and thin with a maximum: of ten whorls
which have nearly flat surfaces; suture very distinct; surface smooth except for
numerous, very faintly developed lines of growth ; base of body whorl ornamented
by six very narrow, moderately deep, revolving grooves which do not extend up-
on the upper surface of the whorl; aperture entire, semi-ovate and narrow pos-
teriorly but broader and rounded anteriorly. The columella is characterized by
having one fold; outer lip with two or three internal, spiral ribs. These do not
appear to be present on the young shells.

This species bears a resemblance to Odostomia packi Dickerson but differs
from that form in having a lesser number of whorls, one columella plait and in
the absence of the strong, spiral lines on the body whorl as is shown in the illus-
tration of packi.

This shell was found to be quite abundant at locality 329. A specimen from
the same locality was figured but not described by Dr. Dickerson. In size and
shape this species is like the one previously figured by Dickerson. Since it is from
the same locality there is little question as to its identity.

Dimensions. — Altitude 8 mm. ; width of body whorl 2.25 mm. ; apical angle
15°.

Occurrence.— At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological

30 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

Collection) west bank of Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus EPITON1UM boeten

Subgenus Boreoscaea Kobelt

Epitonium (Boreoscaea) washingtonensis n. sp.

Plate XI, Figure 19

Description. — Shell large, elongate and thick; whorls eight or nine, convex,
bulbous in shape ; suture distinct ; surface ornamented by about 10 rounded,
slightly elevated, revolving ribs with numerous finer, intervening striae; the
revolving ribs are crossed by ten very strong varices which extend over all the
whorls, the varix of each lower whorl overlapping at the suture, the correspond-
ing varix of the succeeding whorl ; every other varix thickened ; all are striate
longitudinally ; interspaces about two or three times the width of the varices ; the
basal, spiral rib slightly angulates the body whorl ; aperture subovate, margin
stoutly thickened.

It is interesting to note that the living representatives of the subgenus to
which this handsome shell belongs are all of the boreal waters.

Dimensions. — Altitude 35 mm.; width of body whorl 17 mm.; apical angle
30°.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection), McClarety ranch on the south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile west
of Vader, Lewis County, in Section 30, Township 1 1 North, Range 2 West.

genus LITTORINA ferussac

LlTTORINA MOUNTEOEOENSIS n. Sp.

Plate XI, Figure 12

Description. — Shell small, smooth; apex acute; spire about one-half the
length of the body whorl; whorls six, sides straight; suture linear and only
minutely excavated ; aperture oval ; anterior end of outer lip not completely entire.

Dimensions. — Altitude 7 mm.; width of body whorl 4 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 337 (University of Washington Palaeontological

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 31

Collection) on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, about one-half of a mile above old
dam, Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

genus CREPIDULA lamarck

Crepidui,a dickersoni n. sp.

Plate XI, Figure 2 ; Plate XII, Figure 9

Crepidula n. sp. Dickerson, 1915, Proc. Cal. Acad, of Sci., Fourth Series, vol.
V, No. 3 pi. 5, fig. 6 a, b.

Description. — Shell small to medium in size; sub-ovate; whorls about three
and smooth except for lines of growth; spire twisted, apex raised above the
margin of the body whorl; shell varies in height; septum well developed, ex-
tending about half the length of the shell, outer half of the margin of the
septum convex, inner half concave.

This shell is very abundant in a lower, coarse, sandy layer at locality 329.
The most common size of the species is about 6 mm. in length, the largest speci-
men is 12 mm. in length.

Species named in honor of Dr. Roy E. Dickerson of the California Acad-
emy of Sciences, by whom it was first figured, and who has described a large
number of forms from this locality.

Dimensions. — Altitude (length) 12 mm.; width of body whorl 10 mm.;
height above base 6 mm. (These measurements were taken on the largest speci-
men. )

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of the Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section
28, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Crepidui.a stiu,wate;rEnsis n. sp.
Plate XI, Figure 24

Description. — Shell large and globose ; whorls two, smooth ; anterior end
rising abruptly and only slightly convex on top; spire not twisted; apex situated
just above the margin of the shell ; body whorl elevated.

Dimensions. — Altitude 15 mm.; width of body whorl 12 mm.; height 10 mm.

32 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

Occurrence.— At locality 320 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on the south bank of Still water Creek, below the graveyard, about
one and one-fourth miles from Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11
North, Range 2 West.

GENUS POLINICES MONTFORT
POEINICES HOTSONI n. Sp.

Plate IX, Figures 14, 15

Description. — Shell large; spire short; suture distinct and appressed; whorls
four in number ; upper surfaces of the whorls slightly rounded to nearly straight ;
smooth except for lines of growth ; body whorl very much elongated ; callus thick,
sometimes nearly covering the umbilical opening; umbilicus narrow and deep;
aperture oblong.

This species is characterized by having the body whorl strikingly elevated
with an elongate rather narrow aperture.

Named in honor of Professor Hotson of the Botany Department, University
of Washington.

Dimensions. — Altitude 25 mm. ; width of body whorl 20 mm. ; apical angle
97°.

Occurrence. — At locality 370 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection), Scattagrece Falls, Cowlitz County, Southeast quarter Section 18,
Township 9 North, Range 2 West.

GENUS SINUM BOI/TEN
SlNUM OCCIDENTIS n. Sp.

Plate XI, Figures 8, 26

cf. Naticina obliqua Dickerson, 1915, Cal. Acad. Sci., Fourth Series, vol. V, No. 3,
pi. 5, fig. 5a, b. Not Naticina obliqua Gabb 1864.

Description. — Shell large, depressed, body whorl spreading, spire low ; suture
appressed ; aperture distended ; whorls three, sculptured by numerous, spiral
striae of equal prominence ; interspaces about equal to the width of the striae ;
basal portion of the body whorl smooth except for the lines of growth crowding
at the umbilical area; umbilicus slight.

1922] Fauna from the Boccne of Washington 33

This shell is very much like the figure of Naticina obliqua Dickerson, both
in size and sculpture. N. obliqua Gabb is figured as much too elevated to be
either our specimen or that from the California collection of Washington material.
There is no tendency shown on S. occidentis for alternation in size of the spiral
ribs as described by Gabb.

Dimensions. — Altitude 8 mm.; length of body whorl 15 mm.; width of body
whorl 12 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 319 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) McClarety ranch on south bank of Stillwater Creek, one mile west
of Vader, Lewis County, Section 30, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

GENUS HYDROBIA hartmann
Hydrobia ponTis n. sp.
Plate XI, Figures 9, 11

Description. — Shell small and fragile ; sub-conic ; whorls about six, regularly
increasing; suture distinct; whorls angulated medially, the upper portion of the
whorl sloping at an angle of 45°, the lower half of the whorl at an angle of 20° ;
growth lines prominent, crossed by fine, revolving striae, of which the medial
are the most pronounced; the shell has a nacreous luster; aperture ovate or
quadrate; umbilicus minute.

This little shell is very abundant, occurring in masses in a coarse sandstone.

Dimensions. — Altitude 9 mm. ; width of body whorl 4 mm.

Occurrence. — Ax locality 315 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at dam just below the railroad bridge at Vader, Lewis County, on
the west bank of the Olequah Creek, about one-third of a mile below its junction
with the Stillwater, Section 32, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus TURRITELLA lamarck

TURRITELLA UVASANA CONRAD VAR.

Plate XII, Figure 17

Turritella uvasana Conrad, 1885, Pac. R.R. Rept., Vol. 5, p. 321, pi. II, fig. 12.
Turrit clla uvasana Gabb, 1864, Geol. Sur. Cal. Pal, Vol. I, p. 134, pi. 21, fig. 92.

Original Description. — "Subulate, whorls with the sides straight and oblique above.

34 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

rounded below, and having revolving striae with intermediate minute lines ; striae near the
suture on the upper part of the whorls finer than the prominent lines, below."

The illustration of Conrad's type shows a greater uniform convexity than
that described. Gabb's figure shows the whorls to be less rounded. Conrad did
not mention the number of revolving ribs but six or seven are represented on his
illustration. The Washington specimen is more like the figure of Gabb in the
less convexity of the whorls. Nine revolving ribs are present with wide inter-
spaces containing intervening striae.

Dimensions. — Altitude 110 mm.; width of body whorl 19 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend in Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

TURRITEXIA OLEQUAHENSIS n. sp.

Plate XII, Figure 15

Description. — Shell large; whorls 14 or 15; sides of the whorls straight with
an abrupt, deep excavation just above the suture ; suture linear ; surface sculp-
tured with six, prominent revolving ribs which are equal in size and have inter-
spaces three times the width of the rib; interspaces with fine, intervening striae;
growth lines prominent, very convex, sloping from the suture at an angle of 25°
as far as the middle portion of the whorl then passing to the suture below at an
angle of 30°.

Dimensions. — Approximate altitude of shell 120 mm. ; width of lower whorl
16 mm.

Occurrence.— At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend of the Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

TURRITKU-A WASHINGTONIANA n. Sp.

Plate XI, Figures 13, 14, 16

Description. — Shell medium in size and conical in outline; whorls many,
straight to very slightly concave, sloping from the suture about four-fifths of
the length of the whorl to the base where it makes a sharp angle ; surface below
the angle beveled ; suture moderately deep, appressed surface of the shell sculp-
tured with six, equal prominent revolving ribs on each whorl with interspaces

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of IVashington 35

equal to three times the width of the ribs ; finer spiral lines occur on the beveled
area and in the interspaces ; on the first eight or ten whorls of the shell, the
lower two revolving ribs are enlarged making a bicarinate sculpture ; on the
succeeding two or three whorls the three lower revolving ribs may be enlarged
while the remaining whorls will have the six revolving ribs of equal prominence.
Illustrations have been given to show the rib development. (Plate XI, Figures
13, 14, 16). Figures 13 and 14 are specimens of apical whorls which show the
bicarinate condition. Figure 16 is a specimen with both the apical and lower
whorls present. The change from the bicarinate through the tricarinate condition
to the uniform size of all the ribs is illustrated.

This species has the same number of revolving ribs as T. olequahensis n. sp.
but differs from that species in the sides of the whorls being more oblique, and
the shell smaller. The ribs are sharper with the interspaces more concave. The
change in the prominence of the revolving ribs from the apex to the lower whorls
may be seen in many Turritellas. Specimens have not been found as yet which
can be definitely stated to be the apical whorls of the other species described
from the Cowlitz locality so that a comparison can not be made.

Dimensions. — Approximate altitude of shell 45 mm. ; width of lower whorl
8 mm. ; apical angle 18°.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend in Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

TURRITKU.A VADERENSIS n. sp.

Plate X, Figure 19

Description. — Shell large ; sides of the whorls straight ; suture very ap-
pressed; first revolving rib above the suture very sharp and protruding, below
this rib the surface is beveled to concave and contains two fine revolving threads
with finer, microscopic striae; in the area above the lower, pronounced or
primary rib, between the rib and the suture above, there are two revolving ribs
of secondary size; these ribs are smaller than the first but are still prominent
and tend to become nodose; between the lower secondary and the primary rib
below, there are two spiral threads, between which are finer, spiral lines ; between
the secondary ribs, as well as between the upper secondary rib and the suture,
there is a finer spiral rib or thread; the finer ribs are minutely nodose.

Dimensions. — Width of median whorl 10 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological

36 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

Collection )at bend in Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

TurritELLA vaderEnsis n. sp. var. kincaidi n. var.
Plate X, Figure 17

Description. — Shell large ; number of whorls unknown ; sides of the whorls
straight ; suture distinct, linear ; surface ornamented with revolving ribs of
unequal size ; revolving rib on the lower portion of the whorl above the suture
prominent and rounded ; area below this rib and the suture excavated ; between
the primary rib and the suture above there are two revolving ribs of secondary
size between which are smaller yet distinct revolving ribs ; between the revolving
ribs there are microscopic revolving striae ; the ribs have the tendency to become
delicately nodose; growth lines fine, very convex, swinging from the suture at
an angle of 20° to the middle of the whorl and passing to the suture below at
the same angle.

The revolving ribs and threads of this shell have the same arrangement and
gradation in size as that of T. vader ensis n. sp. with the same tendency to become
nodose. It differs from that species in a more rounded condition of the lower
portion of each whorl, with the large, lower, revolving rib wider and rounded.
All the revolving ribs are heavier and less delicately formed. This may be due
to an older condition of growth.

Named in honor of Professor Trevor Kincaid of the Zoology Department,
University of Washington.

Dimensions. — Width of median whorl 11 mm.

Occurrence.— At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend in Cowlitz River near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

GENUS ERATOPSIS HOERNES AND AURINGER 1880

Eratopsis crescentensis n. sp.
Plate XI, Figures 10, 22

Description. — Shell small, ob-ovate; spire concealed; columella region at-
tenuated ; slight canal ; aperture narrow ; outer lip thickened, crenulated inter-
nally ; surface ornamented by spiral ribs which anastomose in the dorsal region ;

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 37

along the mid-dorsal line, the ribs are interrupted more or less by a shallow
groove.

The sculpture of this shell is TVwus-like, but the anterior attenuation is not
distinctive of that genus. Dr. Dall has kindly examined this form and pointed
out its position in the genus Hratopsis Hoernes and Auringer. The type of that
genus is B. Barrandei from the Miocene of Italy. (Abhand. der K. K. Geol.
Reich. Band XII, Heft I, p. 63, pi. VIII, Fig. 8, 9, 10). Cossmann has figured
B. crenata Deshayes from the Eocene of the Paris Basin. (Essais Comparree
p. 183, pt. V, pi. IX, figs. 16-17, 1903).

B. crescentensis n. sp. shows a greater constriction of the anterior region
than that of the type of the genus.

Dimensions. — Altitude 6 mm. ; width 4 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 358 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at Joice station, one- fourth of a mile east of Tongue Point, Port
Crescent, Clallam county, Section 22, Township 31 North, Range 8 West.

genus GALEODEA link

GalEodea tuberculata (Gabb) var. crescentensis n. var.

Plate XI, Figures 18, 20

Description. — Shell of medium size, spire acute ; whorls six ; suture ap-
pressed ; canal short, reflected; callus thin, spreading; three small plications on
the anterior end of the columella; aperture elongate, outer lip thickened with a
groove along the interior of the margin ; two rows of parallel tubercles on the
body whorl, whorls of the spire also tuberculated with small tubercles which
occur in two faint rows ; entire surface of the shell sculptured by revolving, flat,
imbricating ribs.

This shell is like G. tuber culata (Gabb) in general shape and the number of
rows of tubercles. It is a smaller shell and carries the tubercles on the whorls
of the spire, which character is not shown on the figure of Gabbs specimen.
There is no indication of a vatrix on G. crescentensis nor is the outer lip crenu-
lated. This may be due to a worn condition of the shell. The outer lip of G.
crescentensis has a characteristic groove along the inner margin, which is not
noted in the other forms.

Galeodea tri-tuberculata (Weaver) from the Cowlitz fauna has three rows
of tubercles constant even in young specimens. It is a stouter form, the callus
heavier and the canal longer and more strongly reflected. The sculpture of
G. tri-tuber culata consists of alternating, large and small, raised revolving hnes.

38 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

The striatums in crescentensis are uniform in size and arranged in an overlapping
manner which is distinctive. Figures 23, 27, plate XI are given of G. tri-tuber-
culata for comparison.

Dimensions. — Altitude 16 mm.; width of body whorl 11 mm.; apical angle
87°.

Occurrence. — At locality 358 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at Joice station ,one-fourth of a mile east of Tongue Point Railroad,
Port Crescent, Clallam County, Section 22, Township 31 North, Uon« g West.

genus COMINELLA gray

Comineixa eocenia (Weaver)

Plate XII, Figures 5, 6

Nassa eocenica Weaver, 1912, Bull. 15, Wash. Geol. Sur., p. 42, pi. Ill, f. 32.

Amphissa eocenica Dickerson, 1915, Proc. Cal. Acad, of Sci., Fourth Series, vol.
5, No. 3, pi. 8, f. 6 a, b, c.

Original Description. — "Shell small and fusiform : spire moderately high ; whorls eight
and convex, last two on apex smooth, rounded and without ornamentation ; upper portion
of each whorl surrounded by a deep depression, above which a low collar extends upward to
the suture; suture distinct. Surface of shell ornamented by eighteen longitudinal ribs which
are very distinct on the spire but faint on the body whorls; they begin at the s/uture and
extend the length of the whorls with the exception of the body whorl where they disappear
a short distance below the convex, portion ; body whorl sculptured by eleven very prominent
revolving ribs; alternating with these are eleven less prominent revolving lines and on either
side of each of which is a fine but distinct revolving thread. Sculpture similar on the spire.
Canal short and fairly strongly recurved ; aperture moderately narrow and tapering towards
the end of the canal ; inner lip slightly incrusted ; outer lip crenulated.

Dimensions. — Altitude 18 mm.; diameter 10 mm.; altitude of spire 6 mm.; angle of
spire 57°

Occurrence. — Very common at Locality No. 1 (University of Washington Palaeontolog-
ical Collection) one and one-half miles east of Sopenah (Little Falls) in bank of Cowlitz
River, Lewis County, Sec. 27, T. 11 N., R. 2 W.

Horizon. — Cowlitz formation, Upper Eocene."

The presence of the posterior sinus as well as the other characters of the
shell places this species in the genus Cominella as typified by the recent species
Buccinunij porcatum Gmelin. Just below the collar on eocenica there is a deep
groove which causes the lower bordering, spiral rib to become slightly nodose.

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 39

This species has also been found at localities 329 (type) 323, 324, and, 337
(University of Washington Palaeontological Collection) in the vicinity of Vader,
Lewis County.

gknus UROSALPINX stimpson

Urosai,pinx merriami n. sp.

Plate XI, Figure 15

Description. — Shell of medium size; whorls five and convex; suture ap-
pressed ; surface decorated with prominent, revolving ribs possessing a width
about equal to the interspaces ; within the interspaces there are interstitial riblets ;
over the surface of the shell there are wide, rounded, radiating ridges, the exact
number and extent can not be determined, the species being described from one
worn specimen. Canal short, twisted outer lip dentate ; aperture sub-oval ; a
slight umbilicus present.

Named in honor of Dr. J. C. Merriam, president of the Carnegie Institution
of Washington.

Dimensions.— Altitude 17 mm. ; width of body whorl 9.5 mm. ; apical angle
50°.

Occurrence. — x\t locality 336 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) on Coal Creek, Cowlitz County, about one- fourth mile above old
dam, Section 10, Township 8 North, Range 3 West.

GENUS FICOPSIS CONRAD

Ficopsis remondii (Gabb) var. crkscentensis n. var.
Plate XI, Figure 14

Description. — Shell medium in size, fusiform and slender; spire low; whorls
four and angulated at the middle ; body whorl tri-carinated ; canal long ; aperture
wide and elongate; surface ornamented with delicate longitudinal ribs which are
crossed by spiral ribs of the same size and character which give the shell a
cancellated sculpture.

This form has the same type of cancellated ornamentation as Ficopsis re-
mondii Gabb as well as a similar shape and character of the aperture. It differs
from F. remondii in the pronounced tri-carination of the body whorl. Gabb
mentions that on some specimens of F. remondii three faint angles may be seen.
F. crescentensis has that character definitely developed.

40 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

This variety is like F. hornii Gabb and F. cowlitzensis Weaver in the tri-
angulation of the body whorl but lacks the nodose character of the ribs.

Dimensions. — Altitude 17 mm.; width of body whorl 10 mm.; angle of
spire 60°.

Occurrence. — At locality 358 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) Joice station, one-fourth of a mile east of Tongue Point Railroad,
Port Crescent, Clallam County, Section 22, Township 31 North, Range 8 West.

GENUS HARPA EAMARCK

Harpa crESCEntensis n. Sp.
Plate XI, Figure 21

Description. — Shell small and globose ; whorls five, apex minute ; body whorl
inflated ; spire short, whorls broad and rounded ; suture distinct slightly im-
pressed; inner lip smooth, canal moderately elongate, slightly notched at -the
anterior end ; aperture oblong ; surface of the body whorl ornamented with sharp,
lamellar, curved, longitudinal ribs with interspaces equal to about three times
the width of the ribs ; the longitudinal ribs extend from the suture line to the
lower portion of the whorl where they curve and fold into the callus on the
columella; the longitudinal ribs are present but only faintly developed on the
whorls of the spire; faint, revolving striae occur on the upper portion of the
body whorl which on the lower region of the shell become conspicuous, these ribs
are separated by spaces about twice the width of the rib.

In generic classification this species is nearest to the group of Harpa repre-
sented by Harpa mutica Lamarck of the Eocene of the Paris Basin.

Dimensions. — Length 6 mm. ; width of body whorl 3.5 mm. ; apical angle 65°,

Occurrence. — At locality 358 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at Joice station, one-fourth of a mile east of Tongue Point Railroad.
Port Crescent, Clallam County, Section 22, Township 31 North, Range 8 West.

GENUS ADMETE KROYER

Subgenus boneeeitia jousseaume

Admete (Bonellitia) stantoni (Dickerson)

Plate XI, Figures 1, 5

Cancellaria stantoni Dickerson, 1913, Univ. Cal. Pub., Geol., vol. 7, No. 12, p.
282, pi. 12, fig. 2 a, b; Dickerson, 1915, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., Fourth Series,
vol. V, No. 3, p. 49.

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 41

Original description. — "Shell, small, with five whorls, the first two, turbinate, smooth;
the third whorl is cancellated by ten or twelve ribs. About every fourth rib is enlarged.
These heavy ribs are well rounded on the fourth and fifth whorls and are more oblique
than those on the third. They extend from an indistinct, irregular suture over the entire
whorl. Strong revolving ribs with finer riblets also decorate this beautiful little shell.
Mouth, sub-oval; outer lip thickened, rounded, and crenulated on interior. Columella
marked by three strong plaits, the posterior one being the strongest. Canal short and very
slightly notched.

Dimensions. — Length, 12 mm.; width of body-whorl, 6 mm."

The type locality of this species is on the west side of Marysville Buttes,
California (University of California, Locality 1853). Dr. Dickerson also states
that a specimen was found near Fort Tejon, California, and he later lists it from
south of Mount Diablo, the Coalinga District, and San Diego.

In Washington it occurs abundantly at locality 329, on the Cowlitz River,
and also from several other localities in the western part of the state.

After careful examination, the specimens from Washington appear to be
the same as the California species. The majority of the northern specimens
attain a larger size than that given for the type in California. The adult specimens
have from 10 to 12 longitudinal ribs on the body whorl. The younger and more
immature shells possessing an average altitude of 10 mm. have from 14 to 16
longitudinal ribs on the body whorl. These ribs on the younger forms are not
as well developed in size and character as on the more mature specimens. Every
fourth rib may or may not become enlarged into a varix. Other characters are
as described by Dickerson for the species stantoni.

As far as the details of the shell are concerned A. stantoni shows a very
close resemblance to Admete evulsa (Solander) from the Bartonian of England,
and the Paris Basin. Illustration PI. XI fig. 7 has been inserted for comparison.
The nearest noticeable difference between the two species is the absence in A.
evulsa of finer, interstitial threads between the larger revolving ribs.

A comparison made with specimens of Admete tortiplica (Conrad) in the
Paleontological collections at Cornell University from the Sabine Eocene of
Wood's Bluff, Alabama, show somewhat a close relationship. A. tortiplica shows
considerable variation in the sculpture of the revolving ribs and threads. Some
possess the ribs without the intervening threads as in the case of A. evulsa, while
other specimens have the threads well developed as in the case of A. stantoni.
The sculpture on A. tortiplica is much stronger and sharper than on A. evulsa
or A. stantoni and the whorls are less ventricose.

Dimensions. — Altitude 18 mm. ; width of body whorl 10 mm. ; apical angle
55°. (Measurements taken on a large specimen.)

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) west bank of Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,

42 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

Township 11 North, Range 2 West; locality 321, on Booth ranch, two and one-
fourth miles up Stillwater Creek from its junction with the Olequah, Section 25,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West; locality 322 on small creek about one-third
of a mile from its junction with Brinn Creek, near Vader, Lewis County, Section
24, Township 11 North, Range 2 West; locality 326 on Olequah Creek about
one-half of a mile north of Vader, Lewis County, Section 29, Township 11 North,
Range 2 West. (Specimen figured from 329.)

genus GEMMULA WIENKAUFF

Gemmuea fasteni n. sp.

Plate XII, Figure 1, 4

Turris New species Dickerson Cal. Acad. Sci., Fourth Series, Vol. V, No. 3,
pi. 10, f. 5.

Description. — Shell small and slender ; whorls nine ; nuclear whorls three,
smooth; suture appressed; whorls angulated by a central, spiral carina which is
formed by two close, fine, revolving ribs upon which occur numerous delicate
nodes. The whorls of the spire carry about three spiral ribs below the carina
and about five or six above, the body whorl has from 10 to 12 ribs below the
carina ; longitudinal sculpture consists only of growth striae, the sinuosity of
which occurs at the carina, in the middle region of the whorl ; canal short ; aper-
ture sub-ovate.

Named in honor of Dr. Nathan Fasten, professor of Zoology in the Oregon
Agricultural College, at Corvallis, Oregon.

Dimensions. — Altiude 12 mm. ; width of body whorl 4 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend of the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus CLATHRODRILLIA daee

Subgenus monieiopsis conrad

Clathrodrieeia (monjeiopsis) fryei n. sp.

Plate XI, Figure 25

Description. — Shell small and slender with seven whorls, the last two of
which are smooth ; sides of whorls nearly straight but slightly concave at the

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 43

suture; canal short, wide; aperture subovate; suture appressed; sutural band on
the upper portion of whorl bounded below by a depression; the sutural sinus,
formed by the lines of growth, makes at the lower margin of the sutural band a
reentrant curve at an angle of approximately 50° ; whorls decorated by seven
revolving lines, with 19 on the body whorl ; the spiral lines are crossed by 12 or
13 longitudinal ribs which follow the curves of the growth lines, these ribs con-
tinue over the length of the whorls of the spire but are only slightly developed
on the body whorl, becoming obsolete on the lower region of that whorl.

The sculpture of this shell is more like that of some of the recent West
Coast species which Dr. Dall calls Moniliopsis than like that of the Eocene type
Pleurotoma elaborate Conrad which is beautifully and profoundly cancellated. In
shape, position of the sinus of the longitudinal striae, and the character of the
aperture and canal, fryei has the characteristics of typical Moniliopsis.

Named in honor of Dr. T. C. Frye of the Botanical Department of the Uni-
versity of Washington.

Dimensions. — Altitude 7.5 mm. ; width of body whorl 2 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection), at bend in the Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 1 1 North, Range 2 West.

GENUS CONUS UNNEAUS

Conus vaderensis n. sp.
Plate XII, Figures 7, 8

Conus hornii Weaver, 1912, Wash. Geol. Sur., Bull. 15, pi. 11, fig. 17; not
Conus hornii Gabb, 1864.

Conus remondii Dickerson, 1915, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., vol. V, No. 3, pi. 11, fig. 7;
not C. remondii Gabb, 1864.

Description. — Shell of medium size, biconical ; whorls four to five with three
to four smooth, apical whorls which are very pointed; suture appressed; area
between the suture and the shoulder of the whorls concave and sculptured with
fine, curved striae ; shoulder decorated with 16 or 18 nodes ; body whorl covered
with revolving, microscopically, raised ribs crossed by longitudinal lines. The
spiral ribs or lines are better developed on the posterior region of the whorl;
aperture long and narrow with parallel sides.

This shell is close to C. remondii Gabb. Gabb states that the sides of the
whorls are straight and regularly conical. His illustration bears out this charac-
teristic. The sides of the whorls of C. vaderensis are concave. The general

44 University of Washington Publications in Geology [Vol. I

appearance of this species is somewhat similar to C. cowlitzensis Weaver, but
the spire of both young and mature individuals of C. vaderensis is only about
one-half that of C. cowlitzensis. The former possesses also a characteristically
greater diameter.

Dimensions. — Altitude of shell 29 mm. ; width of body whorl 12 mm. ; apical
angle 60°.

Occurrence. — At locality 329 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at bend of Cowlitz River, near Vader, Lewis County, Section 28,
Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

genus GONIOBASIS lea

GONIOBASIS HANNIBALI n. sp.

Plate XII, Figures 2, 3

Description. — Shell medium, thin and polished; elongate-conic in shape;
whorls probably eight, specimens usually broken at fourth or fifth whorl ; sides
of the whorls very slightly convex; suture linear; aperture subovate, produced
below, not sinuated but widely united at the anterior end. Surface ornamented
with from sixteen to twenty vertical ridges or plications which are developed
in parallel waves over all the whorls ; crossing the longitudinal ribs there are
usually six spiral lines or ribs with interspaces half their width; at the inter-
section of the vertical and spiral ribs fine nodes are produced which give the long-
itudinal ridges a beaded appearance ; the vertical riblets do not continue over the
basal portion of the body whorl, that region ornamented by spiral lines only.

The decoration of this shell is extremely variable. The extreme form
in sculpture has been taken for the type of the species. Goniobasis olequahensis
(Arnold and Hannibal) represents the smooth type of shell. A large amount of
material collected of this species contains specimens of all stages of sculptural
development. The smooth shells reveal on the lower whorls only fine wavy,
oblique lines ; many shells have oblique, longitudinal, plications on the nuclear
whorls which may be absent on the lower whorls. The occurrence of the spiral
ribs is not definite, they may occur on one whorl and not on the others ; they may
be present on the upper portion of a whorl or whorls, or they may occur only on
a portion of one or several whorls. The occurrence of the spiral band or line just
below the suture is not a constant character, and on the lower portion of the body
whorl there may or may not be a set of spiral lines. The figured specimens of this
species (PI. XII Figs. 2, 3) illustrate a difference in sculpture. The collection
contains specimens which show transition stages between the two types of shell
as illustrated.

1922] Fauna from the Eocene of Washington 45

Pachychilus drakei Arnold and Hannibal has the pattern of sculpture similar
to that of this form, but the plications in that species are fewer. Arnold and
Hannibal's species were collected at the same locality as G. hannibaii n. sp.

This species as well as Ambloxus olequahensis Arnold and Hannibal has
been determined by Dr. H. A. Pilsbry as belonging- to the genus Goniobasis of the
group G. plicifera Lea.

Dimensions. — Altitude 18 mm. (measurements taken of 5 whorls) ; width
of body whorl 7 mm.

Occurrence. — At localities 315, 316, and 317 (University of Washington
Palaeontological Collection) on Olequah Creek, near Vader, Lewis County, Sec-
tion 20, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

Goniobasis olkquahensis n. sp.
Plate XI, Figure 13

Description. — Shell small and elongate; whorls five or six; whorls rounded;
suture distinct, appressed; surface ornamented with eleven longitudinal, prom-
inent ribs with interspaces three times the width of the ribs ; the ribs are curved
and increase in size at the middle point of the whorl where they
tend to become pointed ; on the whorls of the spire the longitudinal ridges
may be crossed just above the suture with one prominent revolving rib ; on the
body wrhorl there are about eight pronounced revolving ribs which occur on the
lower half of the whorl and extend to the base of the whorl ; aperture ovate,
entire ; fine microscopic growth lines may be seen between the longitudinal ridges.

Dimensions. — Altitude 9 mm. ; width of body whorl 4 mm.

Occurrence. — At locality 315 (University of Washington Palaeontological
Collection) at the dam below railroad bridge on Olequah Creek about one-third
of a mile below the junction of Olequah and Stillwater Creeks, near Vader,
Lewis County, Section 32, Township 11 North, Range 2 West.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII

All figures approximately natural size unless otherwise stated

Fig. 1. Area columbiana n. sp. p. 8

Fig. 2. Glycymeris kelsoensis n. sp p. 11

Fig. 3. Cardium oldroydi n. sp p. 20

Fig. 4. Barbatia landesi n. sp p. 9

Fig. 5. Glycymeris sagittata Gabb var. dickcrsoni n. var p. 10

Fig. 6. Barbatia suzzalloi n. sp p. 8

Fig. 7. Modiolus columbianus n. sp - p. 17

Fig. 8. Acila Stillwater ensis n. sp. x 5 p. 6

Fig. 9. Barbatia cowlitzensis n. sp — p. 9

Fig. 10. Glycymeris crescentensis n. sp. x 2 p. 11

Fig. 11. Cardium oldroydi n. sp. p. 20

Fig. 12. Glycymeris crescentensis n. sp. x2 p. 11

Fig. 13. Lima packardi n. sp. x 5 p. 14

Fig. 14. Corbula Stillwater ensis n. sp p. 25

Fig. 15. Ostrea columbiana n. sp., Locality 340 p. 13

Fig. 16. Ostrea columbiana n. sp., Locality 325 p. 13

[46]

Univ. of Wash. Publ. in Geol.

[Weaver and Palmer] Vol. I, PI. 8

[47]

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX

All figures approximately natural size

Fig. 1. Cr as satellites Stillwater ensis n. sp p. 18

Fig. 2. Crassatellites stillwaterensis n. sp p. 18

Fig. 3. Modiolus olequahensis n. sp p. 15

Fig. 4. Venericardia clarki n. sp. Young specimen p. 19

Fig. 5. Venericardia clarki n. sp p. 19

Fig. 6. Phaenomya vaderensis n. sp p. 26

Fig. 7. Phaenomya vaderensis n. sp p. 26

Fig. 8. Phaenomya vaderensis n. sp p. 26

Fig. 9. Corbula dickersoni n. sp p. 24

Fig. 10. Corbula dickersoni n. sp p. 24

Fig. 11. Psammobia olequahensis n. sp p. 23

Fig. 12. Psammobia olequahensis n. sp.__-- p. 23

Fig. 13. Mytilus stillwaterensis n. sp p. 15

Fig. 14. Polinices hotsoni n. sp p. 32

Fig. 15. Polinices hotsoni n. sp p. 32

Fig. 16. Solen clarki n. sp p. 23

Fig. 17. Modiolus olequahensis n. sp p. 15

Fig. 18. Psammobia cowlitzensis n. sp p. 22

Fig. 19. Modiolus cowlitzensis n. sp p. 16

[48]

Univ. of Wash. Publ. in Geol.

[Weaver and Palmer] Vol. 1, PL 9

[49]

EXPLANATION OF PLATE X

All figures approximately natural size unless otherwise stated

Fig. 1. Macrocallista williamsoni n. sp — p. 21

Fig. 2. Yoldia duprei n. sp p. 7

Fig. 3. Solen columbianus n. sp p. 24

Fig. 4. Leda cowlitzensis n. sp p. 6

Fig. 5. Pteria clarki n. sp — p. 12

Fig. 6. Pitaria stocki n. sp. p. 20

Fig. 7. Yoldia duprei n. sp. p. 7

Fig. 8. V enericardia clarki n. sp. x 2 p. 19

Fig. 9. V enericardia crescentensis n. sp. x 2 p. 19

Fig. 10. Anodonta amoldi n. sp. p. 14

Fig. 11. Macrocallista williamsoni n. sp. p. 21

Fig. 12. Pteria clarki n. sp. p. 12

Fig. 13. Modiolus kelsoensis n. sp. p. 17

Fig. 14. Pitaria eocenica n. sp. p. 20

Fig. 15. Pteria clarki n. sp. P- 12

Fig. 16. Pitaria eocenica n. sp. P- 20

Fig. 17. Turritella vaderensis n. sp. var. kincaidi n. var p. 36

Fig. 18. Psammobia columbiana n. sp. p. 22

Fig. 19. Turritella vaderensis n. sp. P- 35

[50]

Univ. of Wash. Publ. in Geol.

[Weaver and Palmer] Vol. I, PL 10

[51]

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XI

All figures approximately natural size unless otherwise stated

Fig. 1. Admete siantoni (Dickerson) p. 40

Fig. 2. Crepidula dickersoni n. sp. p. 31

Fig. 3. Fissuridea stillwaierensis n. sp. p. 27

Fig. 4. Nerita washing toniana n. sp. x 3 p. 28

Fig. 5. Admete stantoni (Dickerson) p. 40

Fig. 6. Fissuridea Stillwater en sis n. sp. Apical view __' p. 27

Fig. 7. Admete evulsa (Solander) Specimen from the Paris Basin.

(Cornell University Museum Collection) p. 41

Fig. 8. Sinum occidentis n. sp. p. 32

Fig. 9. Hydrobia pontis n. sp. x 3 p. 33

Fig. 10. Eratopsis crescentensis n. sp. x 3 p. 36

Fig. 11. Hydrobia pontis n. sp. x 3 p. 33

Fig. 12. Littorina mountsoloensis n. sp. x 2 p. 30

Fig. 13. Goniobasis olequahensis n. sp. x 2 p. 45

Fig. 14. Ficopsis remondii (Gabb) var. crescentensis n. var p. 39

Fig. 15. Urosalpinx merriami n. sp. p. 39

Fig. 16. Syrnola vaderensis n. sp. x 3 p. 29

Fig. 17. Syrnola vaderensis n. sp. x 3 Another specimen p. 29

Fig. 18. Galeodea tuber culata Gabb var. crescentensis n. var. p. 37

Fig. 19. Epitonium washingtonensis n. sp p. 30

Fig. 20. Galeodea tuber culata Gabb var. crescentensis n. var. to. 37

Fig. 21. Harpa crescentensis n. sp. x 3 p. 40

Fig. 22. Eratopsis crescentensis n. sp. x 2 p. 36

Fig. 23. Galeodea tri-tuber culata (Weaver) p. 37

Fig. 24. Crepidula Stillwater ensis n. sp. P- 31

Fig. 25. Moniliopsis fryei n. sp. x 3 p. 42

Fig. 26. Sinum occidentis n. sp. P- 32

Fig. 27. Galeodea tri-tuberculata (Weaver) p. 37

[52]

Univ. of Wash. Publ. in Geol.

[Weaver and Palmer] Vol. I, PI. 11

[53]

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XII

All figures approximately natural size unless otherwise stated

Fig. 1. Gemmula fasteni n. sp. x 2 p. 42

Fig. 2. Goniobasis hannibali n. sp. p. 44

Fig. 3. Goniobasis hannibali n. sp. Smooth specimen p. 44

Fig. 4. Gemmula fasteni n. sp. x 3 p. 42

Fig. 5. Cominella eocenica (Weaver) Specimen from Locality 329 p. 38

Fig. 6. Cominella eocenica (Weaver) Another specimen

showing aperture, Locality 329 . p. 3&

Fig. 7. Conus vaderensis n. sp. p. 43

Fig. 8. Conus vaderensis n. sp. p. 43

Fig. 9. Crepidula dickersoni n. sp. p. 31

Fig. 10. Solariella olequahensis n. sp. x 5 p. 2/

Fig. 11. Solariella crescentensis n. sp. x 3 p. 28

Fig. 12. Solariella olequahensis n. sp. x 3 p. 27

Fig. 13. Turritella washing toniana n. sp. Apical whorls p. 34

Fig. 14. Turritella washingtoniana n. sp. Apical whorls of

another specimen p. 34

Fig. 15. Turritella olequahensis n. sp. p. 34

Fig. 16. Turritella washingtoniana n. sp. p. 34

Fig. 17. Turritella uvasana Conrad var. p. 33

[54]

Univ. of Wash. Publ. in Geol.

[Weaver and Palmer] Vol. I, Pi. 12

[55]

John B. Reeside, Jr.
Memorial Library

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This book is'oue on,Jthe last DATE stamped below.

Series 2477

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