DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND ENTOMOLOGY
Ferns and Flowering Plants of South Dakota
QK
186
S3
(So. DAK. BUL. No 64.)
April, 1899. Bulletin 64.
U. S.
EXPERIMENT STATION
SOUTH DAKOTA.
IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOUTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.
FERNS AND FLOWERING PLANTS
OF SOUTH DAKOTA.
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND ENTOMOLOGY.
BROOKINGS, SOUTH DAKOTA.
SIOUX FALLS, S. D.
?1LL A. BEACH, PRINTER AND BINDER.
1899.
GOVERNING BOARD.
REGENTS OF EDUCATION.
HON. H. H. BLAIR, Pres Elk Point
HON. M. F. GREELEY Gary
HON. R. W. HAIRE, Sec'y Aberdeen
HON. Iy M. HOUGH Sttirgis
HON. F. A. SPAFFORD Flandreau
STATION COUNCIL.
DR. F. A. SPAFFORD, Regent Member.
JNO. W. HESTON, President of College.
JAS. H. SHEPARD, Director Chemist
E. C. CHILCOTT, Vice Director Agriculturist
D. A. SAUNDERS Botanist and Entomologist
E. L,. MOORE Zoologist
N. E. HANSEN Horticulturist
E. A. BURNETT Animal Husbandry
A. M. ALLEN, Secretary and Accountant.
ASSISTANTS.
A. B. HOLM ..... ................................ Soils
W. H. KNOX ................................ Chemistr
S. A. COCHRANE .................... ........ Irrigation
W. S. THORNBER .......................... Horticulture
F. G. Orr .................................... Librarian
farmer of the state can have the Bulletins of this
Station free upon application to the Director.
Q
UNIVERSITY op
SANTA BARBARA
FERNS AND FLOWERING PLANTS
OF SOUTH DAKOTA.
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND ENTOMOLOGY.
D. A. SAUNDERS.
INTRODUCTION.
The results embodied in the accompanying catalogue are
based on specimens in the College herberium, and on notes
taken in the field by Professor T. A. Williams and the writer.
The nomenclature followed is the modification of the Paris
Code adopted by the Botanical Club of the American Asso-
ciation for the Advancement of Science at Rochester in 1892
and amended at the Madison, Wis., meeting in 1893. The
only synonyms given are such as would be a help to one'
accustomed to using Gray's Manual.
In preparing this catalogue, Dr. P. A. Rydberg's Flora of
the Black Hills* has been freely used. Specimens have also
been received from various collectors in that region. Pro-
fessor Williams has made extensive collections in the Sioux
valley, has done considerable work along Bigstone Lake, and
has made one trip from Pierre to Rapid City and return,
obtaining many interesting specimens, especially from the
Bad Lands. Messrs. David Griffiths, Earl Douglass, Jno. J.
Thornber, students of Professor Williams, have done consid-
erable collecting east of the Missouri river. Mr. L. W. Carter
has made various collecting trips in the eastern part of the
state, and, in company with Mr. Griffiths, one extended trip
from Forest City along the Moreau river to the Black Hills,
returning along the Cheyenne river to Fort Pierre. The
*Rydbeig, P. A., Contributions from the United States National Herberium, Vol. III.,
No. 8.
UNIVERSITY OF C-*T.IFORNU
SANTA BARBARA
102
writer has collected over most of the state east of the Missouri
river, and, in company with Mr. J. R. Towne, in the sum-
mer of 1897 made very careful examinations of the Little
Minnesota river and its tributaries. On this trip many eastern
species heretofore unknown to the state were obtained.
Acknowledgment is due Dr. N. L. Britton, Dr. P. A. Ryd-
berg, and Messrs. Nash and Bicknell of the New York
Botanical Garden, Dr. L. H. Bailey of Cornell University, and
Professor Sargent of the Arnold Arboretum for the verifica-
tion and determination of certain species.
CATALOGUE.
PTERIDOPHYTES. THE FERNS AND THEIR
ALLIES.
OPHIOGLOSSACE^. The Adder-Tongue Family.
Botrychium matricarifolium, A., Br., Matricary Grape-
fern.
Two specimens doubtfully referred to this species
were collected near Custer, in the Black Hills, by Dr.
Rydburg.
Botrychium virgiiiiaimm, (L,.) Sw. Virginian Grape-
fern.
In wooded ravines in the Minnesota region and in the
Black Hills; rare.
POLYPODIACE^. The True Ferns.
Oiioclea seiisibilis, L., Sensitive fern.
Near Rapid City, in the Black Hills.
Oiioclea struthiopteris, (L.) Hoffm. Ostrich-fern.
Along shaded streams in the Minnesota Valley and
the Black Hills.
Woodsia scopuliiia, D. C. Eaton. Rocky Mountain
Woodsia.
On wooded hillsides in the Black Hills; rare.
Woodsia Oregon, D. C. Eaton. Oregon Woodsia.
Common throughout the Black Hills.
Cystopteris fragilis, (L.) Bernh. Brittle- fern.
On damp shady banks bordering streams and lakes
throughout the state.
Pheg-opteris dryopteris, (L.) Fee. Oak-fern.
In deep woods in the Black Hills.
Dryopteris Felix-Mas, (L.) Schott. Male-fern.
Among rocks in the Black Hills.
Aspleiiium trichomanes, L. Maiden-hair spleanwort.
Crevices of rocks in the Black Hills.
Asplenium Felix-foemina, (L.) Fee. Bernh. Lady-
fern.
In the Black Hills.
Aspleuium Septentrioiiale, (L.) HofFm. Northern
spleanwort.
In crevices of rocks in the Black Hills.
Adiaiitum Capillus-Veneris, L. Venus-hair fern.
Along a warm stream, near iCascade, in the Black
Hills.*
Pteris aquiliiia, L. Brake.
Near Custer, in the Black Hills.
Pellaea atropurpurea, (L.) Link. Purple-stemed Cliff-
brake.
Common in crevices of rocks in the Black Hills.
Pellaea Breweri, Eaton. Brewer's Cliff-Brake.
In limestone crevices near Bull Spring, in the Black
Hills.
Cheilaiithes gracilis, (Fee.) Mett. Slender Lip-fern.
On exposed rocks in the Black Hills.
Poly podium vulgare, L. Common Polypody.
In crevices of rocks in the Black Hills.
Poly podium vulgare rotundatum, Wilde. Rouud-
lobed Polypody.
In crevices of rocks near Custer, in the Black Hills.
MARSILEACE^E. Marsilea Family.
Marsilea vestita, Hook & Grev. Hairy Marsilea.
Very abundant in swails and ditches from the James
river valley westward to the Black Hills.
*Bcssey, C. K. Bot., Gaz., Vol. XXVI, No.3, 211.
105
Horse-Tail Family.
Equisetum arveiise, L,. Field Horsetail.
In low sandy soil in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys,
and in the Black Hills.
Equisetum sylvaticum, L. Wood Horsetail.
In moist woods in the Black Hills.
Equisetum fluviatile, L. Swamp Horsetail.
In swamps in the Minnesota region.
Equisetuni robustum, A., Br. Stout Scour ing-rush.
In wet places throughout the state; less common than
the next.
Equisetuni laevigatum, A., Br. Smooth Scouring-
rush.
In low wet places; very abundant throughout the
state.
IvYCOPODiACE^E. Club Moss Family.
Lycopodium obscurum, L. Ground Pine.
In moist woods in the Black Hills.
SELAGINELLACE^. The L,ittle Club Mosses.
Selagiuella rupestris, (L.) Spring. Rock Selaginella.
On rocky slopes in the Black Hills.
SPERMOPHYTES. SEED BEARING PLANTS.
GYMNOSPERM^. GYMNOSPERMS.
PINACE^E.
Piuus poiiderosa scopuloruni, Englm. Western Yel
low pine.
Throughout the Black Hills.
Picea Caiiadeiisis, (Mill.) B. S. P. White Spruce.
In the Black Hills, especially in the northern part.
io6
Juiiiperus liana, Willd. Juniper.
Juniperus Sibericus. Burgsd.
On dry knolls in the Black Hills.
Jimiperiis Virgin! an a. Red Cedar.
Rare in the Black Hills proper, common in the foot-
hills and in the vicinity of streams from the Black Hills
eastward to the Missouri river. It is found occasionally
on the bluffs on the east side of the river.
Juniperus Sabina prostrata, (Pers.) Loud. Creeping
Red Cedar.
On dry foothills in the Black Hills.
ANGIOSPERM^. THE TRUE FLOWERINCx
PLANTS.
MONOCOTYLEDONES. MONOCOTYLEDONS.
TYPHACE^E. Cat-Tail Family.
Typha latifolia, L. Broad leaved Cat-tail.
In marshes throughout the state.
SPARGANIACEJE. The Burreed Family.
Spargaiiiuiu eurycarpiim, Englm. Broad fruited Bur-
reed.
In swamps, marshes and along streams throughout
the state.
NAIADACE^E. The Naiad Family.
Potamogetoii loucliites, Tuckerm. Long-leaved Pond-
weed.
In ponds and slow streams throught the state.
J'ot a mogol on amplifolius, Tuckerm. Large-leaved
Pondweed.
In ponds and slow streams throughout the state.
Potamogeton heterophyllus, Schreb. Various-leaved
Pondweed.
In ponds and lakes from the Missouri river eastward.
Potaniogetou perfoliatus Richardsoiiii, A. Bennet.
Clasping-leaved Potamogeton.
Common in the Minnesota and Sioux Valleys.
Potamogeton alpinus, Balbis. Northern Pondweed.
In the Sioux river near Brookings.
Potamogetoii foliosus, Raf. L/eafy Pondweed.
In ponds and streams throughout the state.
Potamogeton foliosus niagareiisis,(Tuckerm.)Morong.
In the Sioux Valley.
Potamogeton zosteraefolius, Schum. Ell-grass Pond-
weed.
In the Sioux and James valleys.
Potamogeton Hillii, Morong. Hill's Pondweed.
In the Sioux valley.
Potamogeton pusillus, L. Small Pondweed.
Common in ponds from the Missouri valley eastward.
Potamogeton pectinatiis, L,. Fennel-leaved Pond-
weed.
In lakes and streams throughout the state.
Potamogeton mariiius occidentals, Robbins. The
Western Pondweed.
In the Black Hills.
Potamogatoii palustris, L. Swamp Patamogeton.
In shallow water in the Sioux Valley.
Zaiiiehellia palustris, L. Zanichellia.
In brackish pr fresh water ponds throughout the state.
Kiippia occideiitalis, S. Wat. Western Ruppia.
In a strongly alkaline pond in the Minnesota valley,
near Gary.
Naias flexilis, (Willd.) Rost & Schmidt. Slender Naias.
In pounds and lakes throughout the state.
io8
SCHEUCHZERIACE^ Arrow-Grass Family
Triglochiii palustris, L. Marse Arrow-grass.
In bogs in the Minnesota Valley.
Triglochiii maritima, L. Seaside Arrow-grass.
In marshes throughout the state.
AUSMACE^. Water-Plantain Family.
Alisma plaiitago-aquatica, L. Water-plantain.
Common in the edges of lakes and streams through-
out the state.
Echinoclorus corclifolius, (L.) Griseb. Upright Bur-
head.
Occasional in the southeastern corner of the state,
Sioux Falls; Yankton.
Lophotocarpus calycinus, (Engelm.) J. G. Smith. Lo-
potocarpus.
Occasional in swamps from the Missouri river east-
ward.
Sagittaria arifolia, Nutt. Arum-leaved Arrowhead.
In the Minnesota and James valleys and in the Black
Hills.
Sagittaria graminea, Michx. Grass-leaved Sagittaria.
In shallow waters from the Missouri valley eastward.
Sagittaria latifolia, Willd. Broad-leaved Arrowhead.
In shallow water throughout the state.
VALLISNERIACE.E. Tape-Grass Family.
Philotria Caiiatlensis, (Michx.) Britton. Waterweed,
Ditch moss.
Elodea Canadensis, Michx.
In the Minnesota and Sioux river valleys.
Vallisiu'ria spiralis, L. Tape-grass. Ell-grass.
In Big Stone lake, in the Minnesota valley.
io 9
. Grass Family.
Aiidropogoii Hallii, Hack. Hall's Beardgrass. Turkey-
foot Grass.
In the Bad Lands. Probably more or less abundant
from the Missouri valley westward to the Black Hills.
Aiidropogon scoparius, Michx. Broom Beardgrass.
Abundant throughout the state. A valuable forage
grass.
Amlropogoii furcatus, Muhl. Forked Beardgrass.
Abundant from the Missouri eastward.
Chrysopogou aveuaceiis, (Michx.) Benth. Bushy Blue-
stem, Indian Grass.
In low damp ground from the Missouri valley east-
ward. Locally abundant.
Syiitherisma liuearis, (Krock.) Nash. Small Crab Grass.
Panicum glabrum. Gaud.
Sparingly introduced into the southeastern part of the
state. Near Yankton and Sioux Falls.
Syiitherisma saiiguiiialis, (L.) Nash. Finger Grass;
Large Crab Grass.
Panicum sanguinale, L.
Introduced into yards from the Missouri valley east-
ward.
Panicum Crus-galli, L. Barnyard Grass.
Abundant in waste places throughout the state.
Panicum Scribiieriaimm, Nash. Scribner's Panicum.
Abundant on prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Panicum Wilcoxiaimm, Vasey. Wilcox's Panicum.
On prairies in the Minnesota valley; rare.
Panicum clicliotomum, L. Forked Panicum.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Panicum viscidum, Ell. Velvety Panicum.
no
Panicum Scoparium, Michx.
In the Sioux valley and the Black Hills.
Panicum clepaiiperatiim, Muhl. Starved Panicum.
In dry soils in the Sioux and James valleys and in the
Black Hills.
Panicum virgatum, L. Tall Smooth Panicum.
In low ground throughout the state.
Panicum Capillare, L. Witch Grass.
A common weed in waste places throughout the state.
Ixophorus glauciiH, (L.) Nash. Foxtail. Pigeon grass.
Setaria glauca, L.
A miserable weed in cultivated grounds throughout
the state.
Ixophorus Yiriclis, (L.) Nash. Green Foxtail.
Setaria Viridis, L,.
Same range as the last.
Ixophorus Italicus, (L.) Nash. Hungarian Grass.
Setaria Ilalica, R. & S.
Escaped along roadsides in the Sioux valley.
(Viichrus tribuloicles, L. Sand Burr.
In waste and sandy places throughout the state. More
abundant westward.
Zixaiiia aquatica, L. Wild Rice. Indian Rice. Water
Oats.
In shallow water from the Missouri river eatward.
Homaloceiichrus virgiuiciis, (Willd.) Britton. White
Grass.
Leersia viri%inica, R. & S.
In shallow water in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
llomalocciichrus ory/oides, (L.) Poll. Rice Cut Grass.
Leersia oryzoides, L.
In swampy ground from the Missouri river eastward.
Phalaris aruudiiiacea, L. Reed. Canary Grass.
From the Missouri valley eastward and in the Black
Hills.
1 1 r
Phalaris Caiiarieiisis, L. Canary Grass.
A European grass which has escaped in the eastern
part of the state.
Savastaiia odorata, (L.) Scribn. Holy Grass. Seneca Grass.
Hierochloe borealis. R. & S.
From the Missouri valley eastward and in the Black
Hills.
Aristida purpurea, Nutt. Purple Aristida.
From the James valley westward, an abundant grass
on the range. It forms large bunches of dry wiry leaves
that cattle will not eat or the mower cut.
Stipa Macoimii. Macoun's Stipa.
In the Black Hills.
Stipa viridula, Trin. Green Stipa.
Throughout the state.
Stipa aveiiacea, L. Black-oat Grass.
In the Minnesota region.
Stipa coinata, Trin. & Rupr. Western Stipa.
From the Missouri valley westward.
Stipa Spartea, Trin. Porcupine Grass.
In the Minnesota, Sioux, James and Missouri valleys
and in the Black Hills.
Oryzopsis micrautha, (Trin. & Rupr.) Thurb. Small
flowered Mountain Rice.
From the Missouri valley westward.
Oryzopsis asperifolia, Michx. White grained Mountain
Rice.
In the Black Hills.
Oryzopsis melaiioearpa, Muhl. Black-fruited Mountain
Rice.
On wooded bluffs in the Minnesota valley.
Oryzopsis cuspidata, (Nutt.) Vasey. Silky Oryzopsis.
Throughout the state.
112
Ory/opsis Jiiiicea, (Michx.) B. S. P. Slender Mountain
Rice.
In the Black Hills.
Muhleiibergia Mexicaiia, (L,.) Trin. Meadow Muhlen-
bergia.
In woods and thickets in the Minnesota, Sioux and
James valleys.
Muhleiibergia racemosa, (Michx.) B. S. P.
From the Missouri valley eastward and in the Black
Hills.
Muhleubergia ambigiia, Torr. Minnesota Muhlen-
bergia.
In the Minnesota region.
Muhleubergia Sylvatica, Torr. Wood Muhlenbergia.
In the Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys.
Muhlenbergia Wrightii, Vasey. Wright's Muhlenbergia.
In the Black Hills.
Brachyelytrum erectum, (Schred.) Beauv. Brachely-
trum.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and the Black
Hills.
Phleum prateiise, L. Timothy.
Escaped along streams and road sides in the'Minne-
sota and Sioux valleys.
Alopecurus geniculatus, L. Marsh Fox-tail.
In the Sioux valley.
Sporobolus asper, (Michx.) Kunth. Rough Rush-grass.
Abundant in the James and Missouri river valleys;
occasional throughout the state.
Sporobolus vagiiiseflorus, (Torr.) Vasey. Sheathed
Rush -grass.
It occurs in the Sioux and the James river valleys-
rare.
Sporobolus cuspidatus, Torr. Prairie Rush-grass.
In dry soils throughout the state.
Sporobolus ueglectus, Nash. Small Rush-grass.
In the Minnesota region. Collected but once along
an old Indian trail.
Sporobolus airoides, Torr. Hair-grass. Dropseed.
In the Missouri river to the Black Hills.
Sporobolus cryptaudrus, (Torr.) Gray. Sand Drop-
seed.
In sandy soil from the Missouri river eastward.
Sporobolus heterolepis, Gray. Northern Dropseed.
In low prairies throughout the state from the Missouri
river eastward. In the Minnesota region it often forms
. a large part of the lowland hay.
Sporobolus asperifolius, (Nees & Meyen.) Thurber.
Rough -leaved Dropseed.
In dry soils from the James river valley westward.
China Aruiidiuacea, L. Wood Reed-grass.
In the southern part of the Sioux valley.
Cmua- latifolia, (Trev.) Griseb. Slender Wood Reed-
grass.
Cinna Pendula, Trin.
In woods in the Sioux valley near Brookings.
Agrostis alba, Iy. Red-top.
Sparingly introduced in the Minnesota and Sioux
river valleys.
Agrostis exerata, Trin. Rough-leaved Bent-grass.
In the Black Hills.
Agrostis caiiiiia, L. Brown Bent-grass.
In the Missouri rivei valley; rare.
Agrostis pereimaus, (Walt.) Tuckerm. Thin-grass.
In rich woods in the Minnesota valley and the Black
Hills.
liyt'iiialiM, (Walt.) B. S. P. Rough Hair-grass.
Agrostis scabra. Willd.
A rather uncommon grass from the Missouri river
eastward.
inacouiiiana, Vasey. Macoun's Reed-
grass.
From the Missouri river eastward.
Calamagrostis Caiiadensis, (Michx.) Beauv. Blue
Joint.
Common in low places, from the Missouri river east-
ward.
Calamagrostis breviseta, (Gray.) Scrib. Pickering's
Reed grass.
Calamagrostis sylvatica breviseta. Gray.
In the Black Hills.
coiifinis, (Wild.) Nutt. Bog Reed-grass.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Calamagrostis iieglecta, (Ehrn.) Gaertn. Narrow Reed-
grass.
Calamagrostis stricta. Beauv.
In the Sioux valley, near Brookings.
Calamagrostis Montanensis, Scrib. Montana Reed-
grass.
Occasional in the Sioux and James valleys.
Calamovilfa longifolia, (Hook.) Hack. Long-leaved
Reed-grass.
Calamagrostis longifolia. Hook.
In dry soils throughout the state.
Aveiia Striata, Michx. Purple Oats.
In the Black Hills.
Avena fatua, L. Wild Oats.
Introduced in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Arrhenatliernm Elatius, (L.) Beauv. Oat-grass.
Escaped from cultivation near Brookings.
1*5
Daiithoiia spicata, Beauv. Wild Oat-grass.
In the Black Hills.
Spartiiia Cyiiosuroides, (L.) Willd. Tall Marsh-grass.
In swamps and streams throughout the state.
Spartiiia gracilis, Trin. Inland Cord-grass.
In alkaline soils along Cheyenne river in the Bad
Lands and along Lake Traverse.
Schedoimardus paiiiculatus, (Nutt.) Trelease. Sched-
onnardus.
Found occasionally along trails from the Missouri
river to the Black Hills, also in the southern part of the
state east of the river.
Bouteloua hirsuta, Lag. Hairy Mesquite-grass.
In dry soils throughout the state, but much less com-
mon than the next.
Bouteloua oligostachya, (Nutt.) Torr. Mesquite-grass.
Very abundant throughout the state; commonly called
"False Buffalo Grass."
Bouteloua Curtipeiidula, (Michx.) Torr. Racemed
Bouteloua.
Common throughout the state.
Beckmaimia erucseformis, (L.) Host. Beckmannia.
In wet places throughout the state.
Bulbilis dactyloides, (Nutt.) Raf. Buffalo-grass.
Throughout the state. It is rapidly disappearing in
the eastern and southern part of the state.
Muiiroa squarrosa, (Nutt,) Torr. Munro's grass.
On the dry plain from the Missouri valley westward.
Phragmites Phragmitea, (L.) Karst. Reed-grass.
In swamps and along the edges of streams from the
Missouri river eastward.
Diplaelme fascieulari.s, (Lam.) Beauv. Salt-meadow
Diplachne.
In alkaline Marshes east of the Missouri river.
no
Eragrostis pilosa, (L.) Beauv. Tufted Eragrostis.
Sparingly introduced into the eastern and southern
part of the state.
Eragrostis pursbii, Schrad. Pursh's Eragrostis.
In the eastern part of the state.
Eragrostis Major, Host, Strong-scented Eragrostis.
Common east of the Missouri, rare in the Black Hills.
Eragrostis hypiioides, (Lam.) B. S. P. Creeping Era-
grostis.
Common on sandy shores east of the Missouri river.
Eatoiiia obtusata, (Michx.) Gray. Blunt-scaled Eatonia.
East of the Missouri and in the Black Hills.
Eatoiiia Peimsylvaiiica, (Dc.) Gray. Pennsylvanian
Eatonia.
East of the Missouri and in the Black Hills.
Koeleria cristata, (L.) Pers. Koeleria.
Common from the Missouri river westward to the
Black Hills.
Catabrosia aquatica, (L.) Beauv. Water whirl-grass.
In swamps in the Black Hills.
Distichlis spicata, (L.) Greene. Marsh Spike-grass.
Common in low alkaline soils throughout the state.
Dactylis glomerata, L. Orchard -grass.
Sparingly introduced in pastures in the extreme east-
ern part of the state and in the Black Hills.
Poa compressa, L. Wire-grass.
In dry places east of the Missouri river.
Poa prateiisis, L. Kentucky Blue-grass.
Introduced into meadows and lawns east of the river;
probably native in the Black Hills.
Poa pseudoprateiisis, Scrib. & Ryd. Prairie Meadow-
grass.
Found near Hot Springs, in the Black Hills.
"7
Poa trivialis, L. Rough Meadow-grass.
Sparingly introduced in the vicinity of Brookiugs.
Poa flava, L. False Red- top.
In swampy places in the extreme eastern part of the
state; the Sioux and Little Minnesota valleys.
Poa iiemoralis, L. Wood Meadow-grass.
On moist banks in the Sioux and James river valleys
and in the Black Hills.
Poa debilis, Torr. Weak Spear-grass.
In wooded ravines in the Minnesota valley.
Poa alsodes, Gray. Grove Meadow-grass.
In damp woods in the Little Minnesota valley and in
the Black Hills.
Poa arid a, Vasey. Prairie Spear-grass.
In the Sioux and James valleys.
Poa alpiiia, L. Alpina Spear-grass.
Near Hot Springs, in the Black Hills.
Poa Buckleyaiia, Nash. Buckley's Spear-grass.
In dry soils near Hot Springs.
Poa Irevis, Vasey. Smooth Poa.
Extends from the Missouri valley to the Black Hills.
Poaffeiiclleriana, (Steud.) Vasey. Fendler's Poa.
In the Black Hills.
Poa iievedeiisis, Vasey. Nevada Poa.
In the Black Hills.
Poa aniiua, L. Annual Meadow-grass.
Elk Canon, in the Black Hills.
Paiiicularia iiervata, (Willd.) Knutze. Nerved Manna-
grass.
Glyceria nervata. Trin.
In the Sioux and Little Minnesota valleys, and in the
Black Hills.
xi 8
Paiiicularia Americana, (Torr.) McM. Reed Meadow-
grass.
Glyceria grandis, S. Wats.
Occasional in the Sioux valley and in the Black Hills.
Paiiicularia fluitaiis, (L.) Kuntz. Floating Meadow-
grass.
Glyceria fluitans. R. B.
In shallow water in the Sioux valley.
Festuca octoflora, Walt. Slender Fescue.
In dry sandy soil from the James valley to the Black
Hills.
Festuca oviua, L. Sheep's Fescue.
Grows in bunches on dry prairies in the Black Hills.
Festuca Nutaiis, Willd. Nodding Fescue.
On shady bluffs in the Sioux and Little Minnesota
valleys.
Bromus ciliatus, L. Fringed Brome.
In thickets in the Sioux, James and Little'Minnesota
valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Bromus Kalmii, Gray. Kalm's Chess.
In the Black Hills.
Bromus pimpelliauus. Scribner.
In the Black Hills.
repeiis, (L.) Beauv. Cough-grass, ' 'Quack" -
grass.
A most troublesome weed in cultivated fields east of
the Missouri river.
Agropyroii violaceum, (Horn.) Vasey. Purplish wheat-
grass.
Found occasionally on high ground, from the Missouri
valley eastward. Specimens collected by Dr. Rydberg
in the Black Hills were doubtfully referred to Agropyron
vio/aceum ma/us.
n 9
Ag-ropyroii spicatum, (Pursh.) Scrib. & Smith. Western
Wheat-grass. Alkali-grass.
Throughout the state. In the James and Missouri
valleys^ it forms a great portion of the forage. It prefers
a damp, heavy, somewhat alkaline soil. It is not com-
mon on the prairies in the eastern part of the state, but
is becoming more abundant where the land is broken.
Aft-ropyroii teiierum, Vasey. Slender Wheat-grass.
Common on dry prairies throughout the state.
Agropyrou stryg-osum, Beauv. Rough Wheat-grass.
In sterile soil along Indian creek in the Bad Lands.
Agropyrou caiiiimm, (L ) R. & S. Awned Wheat-grass.
Common in the Sioux valley and in the Black Hills,
probably throughout the state.
Hordeum Jubatuiu, L. Squirrel-tail-grass.
A very common and troublesome weed in all waste
places throughout the state.
Elymus striatus, Willd. Slender wild rye.
On banks of streams from the Missouri valley east-
ward, and in the Black Hills.
Elymus virg'iiii<'iis, L,. Terrell-grass; wild rye.
Common along streams throughout the state.
Elymus caiiadeiisis, L. Nodding wild rye.
Common along streams throughout the state. Most
of the material from the arid regions west of the Mis-
souri river and in the Black Hills belongs to the variety
Glaucifolius Torr.
Elymus Maoounii, Vasey. Macoun's wiU rye.
In the Little Minnesota valley.
Elymus Elymoides, (Raf.) Swezey. Long-bristled wild
rye.
From the Missouri river westward; rare.
Elymus dasystachys, Trin. Western wild rye.
In the Black Hills.
120
CYPERACE^. The Sedge Family.
Cyperus iiiflexus, Muhl. Awned Cyperus.
Cyperus Anstatus, of Manuals.
In damp sandy soil from the Missouri river eastward.
Cyperus Schvveiiiitzii, Torr. Schweinitz Cyperus.
In low, moist ground from the Missouri valley eastward.
Cyperus acumiuatus, Torr. & Hook. Short-pointed
Cyperus.
In wet meadows throughout the state.
Cyperus erythrorhizos, Muhl. Red-rooted Cyperus.
In the Sioux and James valleys.
Cyperus strigosus, L. Straw-colored Cyperus.
In wet meadows in the little Minnesota valley.
Cyperus ovularis, (Michx.) Torr. Globose Cyperus.
In the Sioux and Little Minnesota valleys. ;
Eleocharis Eiiglemaimi. Steud. Englemann's Spike-
rush.
In wet soil from the Missouri valley eastward. There
are several specimens in the College herbarium labelled-
E. Ovata. The plants all have the pointed spike, the
low broad tubercle covering the top of the achene and
the short bristles of E. Englemanni.
Eleocharis palustris, (L.) R. & S. Creeping Spike-
rush.
In swamps and ponds in the Black Hills, James, Sioux
and Little Minnesota valleys; and in the southern part
of the Missouri valley.
Eleocharis acicularis, (L.) R. & S. Needle Spike-rush.
In wet soils from the Missouri valley eastward and
probably throughout the state.
Eleocharis acumiuata, (Muhl.) Nees. Flat-stemmed
Spike-rush.
In the Black Hills near Hot Springs.
121
Eleocharis intermedia, (Muhl.) Schuttes. Matted Spike-
rush.
In springy marshes in the Sioux valley, near Brook-
ings; rare.
Scirpus pauciflorus, Lightf. Few-flowered Club-rush.
In the Black Hills, near Custer.
Scirpus debilis, Pursli. Weak-stalked Club-rush.
In the Missouri valley, in Potter and Walworth
counties.
Scirpus Americauus, Pers. Three-squares.
Scirpus pungeus, Vah 1 .
In brackish, or fresh water swarnps throughout the
state; rare in the Black Hills.
Scirpus lacustris, L. Great Bulrush.
In lakes and ponds throughout the state.
Scirpus fluviatilis, (Torr.) Gray. River Bulrush.
On sandy shores of lakes and ponds, and along slow
streams from the Missouri valley eastward throughout
the state. In one locality "between 600 and 1,000 acres
came up in June, 1894, and yielded from 16 to 25
bushels per acre of seed, which was used for feed for
stock and chickens." .
Scirpus atrovireus, Muhl. Dark-green Bulrush.
In swamps in the Sioux and Little Minnesota valleys.
Scirpus atrovireus pallidus, Britton. Pale Sedge.
In the Black Hills.
Scirpus cyperiuus, (L.) Kunth. Wood-grass.
In the Black Hills, near Custer.
Eriophorum polystachyou, L. Tall Cotton-grass.
In springy bogs in the Sioux valley. Watertown,
Toronto, Elkton.
Eriophorum j^racile, Kock. Slender Cotton-grass.
Collected in a springy bog in the extreme eastern part
of the state, near Elkton.
122
Carex liipuliformis, Sartwell. Hop-like Sedge.
In swauips and lake margins in the Little Minnesota
and Sioux valleys; forming a considerable of the forage
on low ground.
Carex festiva, Dewey. Festival Sedge.
Very rare, in the Black Hills.
Carex utriculata, Boott. Bottle Sedge.
In marshes in the Little Minnesota and Sioux valleys
and in the Black Hills.
Carex hystriciiia, Muhl. Porcupine Sedge.
In springy swamps in the extreme eastern part of the
Sioux valley.
Carex inoiiile, Tuckerm. Necklace Sedge.
la a springy bog near Elkton; the extreme eastern
part of the Sioux valley.
Carex retrorsa, Schwein. Retrorse Sedge.
In wet meadows in the Sioux and James valleys.
Carex pseudo-eyperus, L. Cyperous-like Sedge.
In low swails and margins of ponds in the Sioux
valley.
Carex trichocarpa, Muhl. Hairy-fruited Sedge.
In lakes and marshes in the Little Minnesota, the
Sioux, and the southern part of the Missouri valley.
Carex aristata, R. Br. Awned Sedge.
In swamps in the Sioux valley.
Carex Houghtouii, Torn Houghton's Sedge.
On dry banks in the Sioux valley near Brookings.
Carex Ian Mimosa, Michx. Woolly Sedge.
In springy swamps in the Little Minnesota, the Sioux
and the southern part of the James and Missouri valleys.
Carex filiform!*, L. Slender Sedge.
In the Sioux valley near Brookings.
12 3
Carex stricta, Dewey. Tussock Sedge.
In low meadows in the Sioux and James valleys, and
the southern part of the Missouri valley.
Carex Haycleuii, Dewey. Hayden's Sedge.
In sloughs in the Little Minnesota, Sioux and the
James valleys.
Carex Nebraskeiisis, Dewey. Nebraska Sedge.
In the Black Hills near Custer.
Carex loiigirostris, Torr. Long-beaked Sedge.
On damp shady banks in the Little Minnesota and
Sioux valleys and in the Black Hills.
Carex Assiiiiboiiiensis, W. Boott. Assiniboia Sedge.
On damp shady banks in the Little Minnesota, and
the northern part of the Sioux valley.
Carex capillaria, L. Hair-like Sedge.
On moist shady banks bordering streams in the Little
Minnesota valley.
Carex grisea, Wahl. Gray Sedge.
In low woods in the Sioux valley near Brookings.
Carex tetauica, Schk. Wood Sedge.
In low ground in the Sioux valley.
Carex Meadii, Dewey. Mead's Sedge.
In wet meadows in the Sioux valley near Brookings.
Carex laxiflora hlaiida, (Dewey.) Boott. Loose-flowered
Sedge.
In damp woods near lakes in the Little Minnesota
and Sioux valleys.
Carex aurea, Nutt. Golden-fruited Sedge.
In the Black Hills, near Lead.
Carex Kichardsoiiii, R. B. Richardson's Sedge.
In the Sioux and James valleys and in the Black Hills,
not abundant.
124
Carex peclicellata, (Dewey.) Britton. Fibrous-rooted
Sedge.
On bluffs in the Little Minnesota valley; rare.
Carex Peiinsylvaiiica, Lam. Pennsylvania Sedge.
Very abundant in dry soils, . both open and shaded.
From the Missouri valley eastward, and in the Black
Hills, probably throughout the state.
Carex varia, Muhl. Emmons' Sedge.
In dry soils in the Black Hills.
Carex filifolia, Nutt. Thread-leaved Sedge.
In dry soil throughout the state, more abundant in the
central and western part.
Carex steiiophylla, Wahl. Involute-leaved Sedge.
In dry soil throughout the state. This plant and C.
Pennsylvanica form not an inconsiderable amount of
early forage.
Carex Marcicla, Boott. Clustered Field Sedge.
In the Little Minnesota valley and in the Black Hills.
Carex gravicla, Bailey. Heavy Sedge.
On low ground in the Sioux valley.
Carex vulpinoidea, Michx. Fox Sedge.
In the Sioux, James and Missouri valleys.
Carex Sartwellii, Dewey. Sartwell's Sedge.
In the Sioux and the Little Minnesota valleys.
Carex tenella, Schk. Soft-leaved Sedge.
Near Sylvan Lake in the Black Hills.
Carex rosea, Schk. Stellate Sedge.
On damp wooded bluffs of Bigstone Lake in the Little
Minnesota valley.
Carex *terilis, Willd. Little Prickly Sedge.
In the Sioux valley near White.
125
Carex siccata, Dewey. Hillside Sedge.
In the Sioux, James and Missouri valleys and in the
Black Hills.
Carex tribuloides, Wahl. Blunt Broom Sedge.
In the Sioux valley.
Carex tribuloicles Bebbii, Bailey.
Occurs in the Black Hills.
Carex foeiiea, Willd. Hay Sedge.
In the Sioux valley near Brookings; rare.
Carex Deweyaiia, Schwein. Dewey's Sedge.
Occurs rather rarely in the Black Hills and in the
Sioux valley.
Carex strammea, Willd. Straw Sedge.
In dry soils in the Sioux and lyittle Minnesota valleys.
Carex festucacea^, Willd. Fescue Sedge.
In the Sioux valley near Brookings.
Carex Bicknellii, Britton. Bickuell's Sedge.
Carex Straminea Crawei, Boott.
Near Hot Springs in the Black Hills; rare.
Carex syehiiocephala, Carey. Dense Long-beaked
Sedge.
In low meadows in the Sioux valley, near Brookings,
and in the Little Minnesota valley near outlet of Big-
stone 1/ake.
ARACE^E. The Arum Family.
Arissema triphyllum, (L,.) Torr. Indian Turnip.
On moist shady banks bordering lakes and streams in
. the Little Minnesota and the Sioux valleys.
Acorns falaiuus, L. Sweet Flag.
Collected in two localities in the extreme eastern part
of the state.
126
LEMNACE^. Duckweed Family.
Spirodella polyrhiza, (L.) Schleid. Greater Duckweed.
In ditches, ponds and lakes throughout the state.
Leiniia trisulca, L. Star Duckweed.
In ponds and pools; so far it has been collected only
from the Missouri river eastward.
Leiniia minor, L. Lesser Duckweed.
In ponds, lakes and stagnant water throughout the
state.
COMMELINACE^. Spiderwort Family.
Tradescantia virgiiiiaua, L. Spiderwort.
Abundant in low moist ground throughout the state.
PONTEDERI ACE^e. Pickerel weed Family.
Heteranthera limosa, (Sw.) Willd. Smaller Mud Plan-
tain.
In muddy ponds near Dell Rapids, in the Sioux val-
ley and at various points in the Missouri valley.
Heteranthera dubia, (Jacq.) McM. Water Star-grass.
Schollera graminea, Gray.
In clear water from the Missouri eastward.
JUNCACE^;. Rush Family.
Jimcus effusus, L. Bog Rush.
Common in low ground in the Sioux valley.
Juiicus bufonius, L. Toad Rush.
In the Black Hills; rare.
Jimcus tennis, Willd. Slender Rush.
Common in the Sioux and the James river valleys and
in the Black Hills.
.hi nc us Vaseyi, Englm. Vasey's Rush.
Near Hot Springs, in the Black Hills.
Juiicus lougistylis, Torr. Long-styled Rush.
Near Lead City, in the Black Hills.
Juncus nodosus, L. Knotted Rush.
In the Sioux, the Little Minnesota, and the James
valleys, and the Black Hills.
Juncus Torreyi, Coville. Torrey's Rush.
In the Sioux, Minnesota, James and Missouri valleys,
and in the Black Hills.
Juncus Xiphioides Montaiius, Englm. The Mountain
Sedge.
A rare plant near Custer, in the Black Hills.
Juncoides comosum, (Meyer.) Sheldon. The Hairy Rush.
In the Black Hills; rare.
MELANTHACE.E. Bunch-Flower Family.
Zygadeims elegaiis, Pursh. Glaucous Zygadenus.
In low prairies probably throughout the state, the Lit-
tle Minnesota, Sioux, James and Missouri valleys, and in
the Black Hills.
Zygadenus veiiosus, S. Wats. Poisonous Zygadenus.
In the Black Hills, near Hot Springs, Rapid City, etc.
Uvularia grandiflora, J. E. Smith. Large-flowered
Bellwort.
In damp shady ravines in the Little Minnesota valley.
LILIACE^. The Lily Family.
Leucocrinum moiitaimm, Nutt. Leucocrinum.
Common in the Black Hills, Custer, Rapid City and
the adjacent plains.
Alliuni tricoccum, Ait. Wild Leek.
In damp deep ravines in the Minnesota valley.
Alliuni C'ermmm, Both. Nbdding Wild Onion.
In the Sioux valley and the Black Hills, abundant.
Alliuni stellatum, Kerr. Prairie Wild Onion.
Common in dry soils in the Sioux valley and in the
- Black Hills.
128
A ! I i ii 111 Caiiaclensis, L. Meadow Garlic.
Common in low prairies in the Sioux valley.
Allium Nuttallii, S. Wats. Nuttall's Wild Onion.
In dry soils in the southern part of the James and
Missouri valleys.
Allium reticulatum, Don. Fraser's Wild Onion.
On dry prairies from the Missouri river eastward and
in the Black Hills.
Allium G-eyeri, Wats. Geyer's Wild Onion.
In the Black Hills.
Li I i ii in iimbellatum, Pursh. Western Red Lily.
In low prairies in the Little Minnesota valley and in
the Black Hills.
Fritillaria atropurpurea, Nutt. Purple Fritillaria.
In the Bad Lands region in the south central part of
the state.
Calochortus Nuttallii, T. & G. Nuttall's Mariposa
Lily.
In the Black Hills.
Calochortus Guimisonii, S. Wats. Gunnison's Mariposa
Lily.
In the Black Hills and in the Bad Lands.
Yucca glauca, Nutt. Bear-grass, Indian Soapweed.
Common in the dry soils, especially on bluffs from the
Missouri valley to the Black Hills.
CONVALLARIACE^. Lily of the Valley Family.
Asparagus, Officiualis, L. Asparagus.
Escaped in fields and timber claims in a few places;
Brookings, Yankton and Dell Rapids.
Vagiiera racemosa, (L.) Morong. Wild Spiknard.
Smilacina racemosa.
On damp, shady banks in the Sioux and Little Minne-
sota valleys.
129
Vjigiiera, stellata, (L ) Morong. Star-flowered Solomon's
Seal.
Smilacina Stellata, Nutt.
In the little Minnesota, Sioux, James and Missouri
valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Vagiiera amqlexicaulis, (Nutt.) Greene. Western Sol-
omon's Seal.
Smilacina amplexicaulis, Nutt.
In the Black Hills. .
Unifolimu Caiiadeiise, (Desf.) Greene. False L,ily-of-the-
Valley.
Majanthemum Canadense, Desf.
In shady woods in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
Diosporum tracliycarpum, (S. Wats.) B. & H. Rough -
fruited Diosporum.
Prosartes trachycarpum, S. Wats.
In shady places in the Black Hills.
Streptopus amplexifolius, (L.) Dec. Clasping-leaved
Twist-foot.
Near Sylvan Lake, in the Black Hills.
Polygouatum Coiiimutatuiii, (R. & S.) Dietr. True
Solomon's Seal.
In moist Woods from the Missouri valley eastward and
in the Black Hills.
Trillium erectum, L. Ill-scented Wake Robin.
In deep ravines in the Minnesota valley. Fruiting
specimens were also collected in the same locality with
the last which agree with T. Grandiflorum, but as no
flowers were collected this is not reported as a certainty.
SMiivACACE^E. The Smilax Family.
Smilax herbacea, L. Carrion Flower.
In woods and thickets throughout the state.
1 30
Sin i hi \ hispida, Muhl. Hispid Greenbrier.
In the southern part of the Sioux valley from Sioux
Falls southward and in the Southern Missouri valley to
Running Water.
AMARYLLIDACE^. Amaryllis Family.
Hypoxis hirsuta, (L.) Coville. Star-grass.
Common on prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
IRIDACE^E. The Iris Family!
Iris Missourieiisis, Nutt. Western Flag.
In wet soils throughout the Black Hills.
Sisyrinchium august i folium, Mill. Pointed Blue-eyed
Grass.
Common from the Missouri valley eastward and in the
Black Hills.
ORCHIDACE^E. The Orchid Family.
Cyprepedium candidum, (Willd.) Small White Ladies'
Slipper.
In low, damp meadows in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Cyprepedium hirsutum, Mill. Large Yellow Ladies'
Slipper.
In the deep, shaded ravines of the Minnesota valley.
Cyprepedium parviflorran, Salisb. Small Yellow
Ladies' Slipper.
In woods in the Minnesota valley and in the Black
Hills.
Habeiiaria hyperborea, (L.) Tall Green Orchis.
In bogs in the Little Missouri valley and in the Black
Hills.
Habeiiaria bracteata, (Wild.) R. Br. Long-bracted
Orchis.
In damp woods in the Little Minnesota valley and in
the Black Hills.
Habeiiaria leucopliaea, (Nutt.) A. Gray. Prairie White-
fringed Orchis.
In low prairies in the Sioux valley near Brookings;
rare.
Gyrostachys Roiiiaiizoffiaiia, (Cham.) MacM. Hooded
Ladies' Tresses.
Spiranthes Romanzoffiana, (Cham.)
In low ground in the Sioux valley and in the Black
Hills.
Peramium repeiis, (L.) Salisb. Lesser Rattlesnake
Plaintain.
Goodyera repens, R. Br.
In the Black Hills.
Gorallorhiza Corollorhiza, (L.) Karst. Early Coral-
root.
In woods in the Little Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
Corallorhiza multiflora, Nutt. Large Coral-root.
On shady banks in the Black Hills.
DICOTYLEDONES.
JUGLANDACE^B). Walnut Family.
Jug-lans nigra, L. Black Walnut.
Occurs native only in the southeastern part of the
state; Union county.
132
SALICACE^. Willow Family.
Populus balsamifera, L. Balsam Poplar.
In the deep, wooded ravines of the Minnesota valley;
rare. It is reported also from near Sioux Falls, but no
specimens have been seen.*
Populus angustifolia, James. Narrow-leaved Cotton-
wood.
In the Black Hills.
Populus acumiiiata, Rydberg. Black Cottonwood.
Near Hot Springs in the Black Hills.
Populus tremuloides, Michx. American Aspen.
On the dry bluffs and in the spring swamps in the
Minnesota valley, in the higher altitudes in the Black
Hills, and in isolated patches between the Missouri river
and the Black Hills. It is reported also from the Sioux
valley, but no specimens have been seen.
Populus deltoides, Marsh. Cottonwood.
Around lakes and bordering streams throughout the
state; common.
Salix iiigra, Marsh. Black Willow.
A shrub or small tree, common along streams in the
Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys.
Salix fluviatilis, Nutt. Sand-bar Willow.
Salix longifolia, Gray.
A small, slender shrub, along streams and lakes
throughout the state; the commonest of the willows.
Salix Bebbiaua, Sarg. Bebb's Willow.
Salix rostrata, Richards.
In the Minnesota valley and in the Black Hills.
Salix h u in Mis, Marsh. Prairie "Willow.
Common in the Minnesota region; it is usually found
on the wooded bluffs or the edge of the open prairie,
acting as the advance guard of the wooded formations.
*WilHams, Bulletin 43, U. S. Exp. Sta., S. D.; 105; 1895.
133
Salix discolor, Muhl. Glaucous Willow.
In cold swamps in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
Salix cordata, Muhl. Heart-leaved Willow.
Along streams throughout the state.
Salix balsamifera, (Hook.) Barrett. Balsam Willow.
In the cold spring swamps in the Minnesota region.
Salix aclenophylla, (Hook.) Furry Willow.
A single specimen was collected on the shores of one
of the numerous lakes found in the coteaus in the north-
eastern part of the state, which is doubtfully referred to
this species.
Salix myrtilloides, L. Bog Willow.
In the boggy swamps at the head of the coulies in the
Minnesota region.
BETULACE.E. The Birch Family.
Ostrya virgiuica, (Mill.) Iron-wood.
On wooded bluffs in the Minnesota region, and among
the foot-hills in the Black Hills.
Corylus Americana, Walt. Hazelnut.
In thickets and open woods in the Minnesota and
Sioux regions, and in the Black Hills.
Corylus rostrata, Ait. Beaked Hazelnut.
In the Black Hills, not as common as the last.
Betula papyrifera, Marsh. Canoe Birch.
Common in the Black Hills.
Betula occideiitalis, Hook. Western Red Birch.
In the Black Hills; common.
Betula glaudulosa, Michx. Scrub Birch.
A low shrub, abundant in many places in the Black
.Hills.
134
. Beech Family.
Quercus macrocarpa, Michx. Burr Oak.
In rich, open woods and on dry bluffs, in the vicinity
of streams or lakes throughout the state. The White
Oak (Quercus Alba] has been reported for this state, but
wherever specimens were received or the locality visited,
the tree proved to be one of the numerous forms of the
Burr Oak. It seems very doubtful if the white oak
occurs in this state.
ULMACE^). The Elm Family.
Ulmus Americana, L. White Elm.
Along streams and lakes throughout the state.
Ulmus fulva, Michx. Slippery Elm.
Extends up the Sioux river to Sioux Falls, and up the
Missouri river nearly to Chamberlain. A few trees were
also found around Buffalo Lake in the northeastern part
of the state, just west of the head waters of the lyittle
Minnesota.
Celtis occidental!, L. Hackberry.
In the vicinity of lakes and streams throughout the
state.
MoRACE^e. The Mulberry Family.
Moms rubra, L. Red Mulberry.
This tree is found naturally only in the extreme
southeastern county of the state, along the Sioux river;
Elk Point.
1 1 ii in it I us Lupulus, L. Hops.
In thickets bordering streams and lakes throughout
the state.
Caimabis sativa, L. Hemp.
Sparingly introduced into the state from the Missouri
river eastward.
135
URTICACE^. Nettle Family.
Urtica gracilis, Ait. Slender Nettle.
In thickets and low ground throughout the state.
Urticastrum divaricatum, (L.) Kuntze. Wood Nettle.
Laportea Canadensis, Gaud.
In low, rich woods from the Missouri river eastward.
Adicea Pumila, (L.) Raf. Clearweed.
Pilea pumila^ Gray.
In damp, shady ground in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Parietaria Pennsylvania, Muhl. Pennsylvanian pel-
litory.
In shady woods from the Missouri eastward, and in
the Black Hills.
SANTALACE^E. Sandal- wood Family.
Comaudra umbellata, (I/.) Nutt. Bastard Toad-flax.
On dry, gravelly bluffs from the Missouri valley east-
ward.
Coinandra pallida, A. DC. Pale Comandra.
From the Missouri river westward throughout the
state, including the Black Hills.
POLYGONACE^E. Buckwheat Family.
Eriogouum annum, Nutt. Annual Eriogonum.
In the Black Hills, and also extending over most of
the plains region from the Missouri valley westward.
Eriogonum multiceps, Nees. Branched Eriogonum.
On the dry plains from the Missouri river westward,
and in the Black Hills.
Eriogonum pauciflorum, Pursh. Few-flowered Erio-
gonum.
In the Black Hills, and in the surrounding plain
region.
i 3 6
Eriogonum flavum, Nutt. Yellow Eriogonum.
In the Black Hills.
Rumex acetosella, L. Sheep Sorrel.
A European weed introduced into pastures and timber
claims, etc., in the Sioux valley and in the Black Hills.
Rumex venosus, Pursh. Veined Dock.
From the bluffs of the Missouri river westward, in-
cluding the Black Hills.
Rumex altissimus, Wood. Peach-leaved Dock.
Common along streams and in wet ground from the
Missouri valley eastward.
Rumex salicifolius, Weinm. Pale Dock.
In low ground near lakes and streams throughout the
state.
Rumex Britaimica, L,. Great-water Dock.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Rumex occicleutalis, S. Wats. Western Dock.
On the plains west of the Missouri river, and in the
Black Hills.
Rumex crispus, L. Curled Dock.
Sparingly introduced into the state from the Missouri
river eastward, and in the Black Hills.
Rumex persicarioides, L. Golden Dock.
Abundant on damp, shady shores from the Missouri
valley eastward.
Polygoimm viviparum, L. Alpine Bistort.
In damp, mossy places in the Black Hills.
Polygonum amphibiiim, L. Water persicaria.
In shallow water in the Minnesota, the Sioux and the
James valleys.
Polygouum Hartwrightii, Gray. Hartwright's Persi-
caria.
In the Sioux valley; rare.
'37
Polygonum emersum, (Mich.) Britton. Swamp Persi-
caria.
In swamps and edges of ponds throughout the state.
Polyg'oimm lapatliifoliimi, L- Dock-leaved Persicaria.
In waste places throughout the state; rare west of the
Missouri, except in the Black Hills.
Polygonum lapathifoliuiii incaimm, (Schmidt.) Kock.
Same range as the type.
Polygoimm Peimsylvaiiicuiii, L. Pennsylvania Persi-
caria.
In moist soil from the Missouri valley eastward.
Polygoimm Persicaria, L. Ladies' Thumb.
Common in waste places from the Missouri valley
eastward, and in the Black Hills.
Polyg'oimm hyclropiper, L. Smart- weed.
In moist places in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Polygonum pimctatum, Ell. Water Smart-weed.
Polygonum acre^ H. B. K.
In cold swamps in the Minnesota valley.
Polygonum aviculare, L. Knot-grass.
In waste ground throughout the state.
Polygouum littorale, Link. Shore Knot-weed.
In waste places in the Black Hills.
Polygonum erectum, L. Erect Knot- weed.
In dry soils throughout the state.
Polygoimm ramosissiiimm, Michx. Bushy Knot- weed.
A common weed in dry soils, throughout the state.
Polygoimm cainporum, Meisu. Prairie Knot-weed.
On prairies from the Missouri river eastward.
Polygoimm temie, Michx. Slender Knot- weed.
In ground that has been broken from the Missouri
river eastward.
138
Polygoiiuiii Douglassii, Greene. Douglas Knot-weed.
In the Black Hills and near Sand Lake in the James
valley.
Polygonuin Convolvulus, L. Black Bind -weed.
A most troublesome weed in cultivated ground
throughout the state.
Polygonum scandens, L,. Climbing False Buckwheat..
In thickets from the Missouri river eastward.
Polygonum Sawacheiise, Small. Western Persicaria.
Near Custer, in the Black Hills.
CHENOPODIACE^. The Goosefoot Family.
Cheiiopodium album, L. Lamb's-quarter. Pigweed.
A weed naturalized in waste places throughout the
state.
Cheiiopodium glaucum, L. Oak -leaved Goosefoot.
A weed naturalized; it prefers low, alkaline soils; in
the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Chenopodium leptophyllum, (Moq,) Nutt. Narrow-
leaved Goosefoot.
In the Black Hills.
Chenopodium leptophyllum oblongifolium, Wats.
The Oblong-leaved Chenopod.
Near the Cheyenne river, east of the Black Hills.
Cheiiopodium Boscianum, Moq. Bosc's Goosefoot.
In woods in the Minnesota region.
Cheiiopodium Fremontii, S. Wats. Fremont's Goose-
foot.
In damp woods in the Black Hills.
Cheiiopodium Fremontii iiicaimm, S. Wats.
In the Black Hills.
Cheiiopodium hybridum, L. Maple-leaved Goosefoot.
In open woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys,
and in the Black Hills.
139
Cheiiopodium rubrum, L. Red Goosefoot.
In low, alkaline soils in the Sioux, Minnesota and
James valleys.
Blitum capitatuin, L. Strawberry Blight.
Chenopodium capitatum, (L.) Wats.
In the BJack Hills.
Cycloma atriplicifoliinii, (Spreng.) Coult. Cycloma.
Cycloma plalyphyllum, Moq.
In the foot-hills of the Black Hills, and the adjacent
plains region; Rapid City, etc.
Moiiolepos Nuttaliana, (R. & S.) Greene. Monolepis.
Monolepis chenopodioid.es, Moq.
In alkaline soils in the Black Hills, and from there
eastward to the Missouri river.
Atriplex hastata, L. Halbert-leaved Orache.
In low, alkaline places throughout the state.
Atriplex argentea, Nutt. Silver Orache.
In alkaline soils from the Missouri river westward.
Atriplex canescens, (Pursh.) James. Bushy Atriplex.
Abundant in alkaline soils from the Missouri river
westward; not yet reported from the Black Hills.
Eurotia lauata, (Pursh.) Moq. White Sage.
In the Bad Lands, just east of the Black Hills.
Corispermum hysopifolium, L,. Bug-seed.
In the Bad Lands, east of the Black Hills.
Salicornia herbacea, L,. Slender Glasswort.
In low, alkaline meadows in the Minnesota region
near Wihnot, and in the James valley near Iroquois.
Doiidia depressa, (Pursh.) Britton. Western Blight.
In alkaline soils with the last throughout the state.
Salsola tragus, L. Russian Thistle.
In waste places throughout the state, but most abun-
dant in the James and the Missouri valleys. A very
140 \
troublesome weed in waste places, but easily destroyed
by cultivation. When young and tender it is readily
eaten by sheep.
AMARANTHACE^E. Amaranth Family.
Amaraiithus retroflexus, L. Rough Pigweed.
An introduced weed in waste soil throughout the state,
but not common in the central and western part.
Amaraiithus hybridus, L. Slender Pigweed.
A naturalized weed in waste places from the Missouri
river eastward, less common than the last.
Amaraiithus blitoides, S. Wats. Prostrate Amaranth.
In cultivated and waste fields from the Missouri river
eastward.
Amaraiithus grsecizaiis, L. Tumbleweed.
A common weed in cultivated ground throughout the
state.
Acnicla tamariscina, (Nutt.) Wood. Western Water-
hemp.
Occasional in swamps and low places, which ate
somewhat brackish, from the Missouri river eastward.
Aciiida tamarascina tnberculata, (Moq.) Uline &
Bray. Tubercaled Water-hemp.
Same range as the last.
NYCTAGINACE^E. Four-o'clock Family.
Allioiiia iiyctagiiiea, Michx. Heart-leaved Umbrella-
wort.
In thickets throughout the state.
Allioiiia albicla, Walt. Pale Umbrellawort.
In the Black Hills.
Allioiiia hirsuta, Pursh. Hairy Umbrellawort.
In dry soil throughout the state.
Allioiiia liiiearis, Pursh. Narrow-leaved Umbrellawort.
In dry soil from the Missouri valley westward.
Abroiiia fragraiis, Nutt. White Abronia.
In the Bad Lands, east of the Black Hills.
PORTULACACE^. Purslane Family.
Taliiiuiu teretifolium, Pur-sh. Fame-flower.
On dry, rocky hills in the Sioux valley near Dell
Rapids, and in the Black Hills.
Claytoiiia perfoliata amplecteus, Greene. Spanish
Lettuce.
In the Black Hills.
Portnlaca oleracea, L. Pursley. Purslane.
An introduced weed in cultivated grounds throughout
the state.
CARYOPHYLLACE^B. The Pink Family.
Sileiia Noctiflora, L. Night-flowering Catchfly.
An introduced weed, occutring occasionally in the
Sioux valley.
Lychiiiis alba, Mill. White Champion.
Sparingly introduced near Brookings.
Lychiiiis Dnuumoudii, (Hook.) S. Wats. Drummond's
Pink.
In the Black Hills, Custer and Rapid City.
Sapoiiaria ofticiiialis, L. Soapwort, Bouncing Bet.
Escaped from cultivation in the Sioux valley.
Vaccaria vaccaria, (L.) Britton. Cow-herd.
Saponaria vaccaria, L.
Occurs occasionally in the Sioux and Minnesota val-
leys, and in the Black Hills.
Alsiiie media, L. Chick weed.
Stellaria media, Cyr.
Sparingly introduced in the Sioux valley.
142
Alsiiie loiigifolia, (Muhl.) Britton. Long-leaved Stitch-
wort.
Stellaria longifolia, Muhl.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valley, and in the Black
Hills.
Alsiiie borealis, (Bigel.) Britton. Northern Stitchwort
Stellaria borealis, Bigel.
In cold bogs in the Minnesota and the extreme eastern
part of the Sioux valley, Elkton; rare.
Agrostemma Githago, L. Corn Cockle.
In grain fields from the Missouri river eastward.
Silena acaulis, L. Moss Champion.
In the Black Hills, Rapid City.
Silena stellata, (L,.) Ait. Starry Champion.
In woods in the southern part of the Sioux valley;
Flandreau, Sioux Falls.
Silena vulgaris, (Moench.) Garcke. Bladder Champion.
An introduced weed in the Sioux valley near Brook-
ings.
Sileiia aiitirrhina, L,. Sleepy Catchfly.
Occasional in low prairies in the Minnesota, Sioux
and James valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Cerastium loiigipedunculatuin, Muhl. Powderhorn.
Abundant in moist shade in the Black Hills.
Cerastium brachypodium, (Englm.) Robinson. Short-
stalked Chickweed.
From the Missouri river eastward, and in the Black
Hills.
Cerastium arveiise, L. Field Chickweed.
Same range as the last, but more abundant.
Cerastiiim arveiise obloiiglfoliuiu, (Torr.) Holl. &
Brett.
Occasional in the Sioux, the James valley, and in the
Black Hills.
143
Arenaria Hookerii, Nutt. Hooker's Sand wort.
In dry, rocky soil in the Black Hills, and the adjoin-
ing hills and buttes.
Arenaria verna, L. Vernal Sandwort.
In shady, rocky soil in the Black Hills.
Arenaria stricta, Michx. Rock Sandwort.
In sandy soil in the Black Hills.
Mcehriiigia lateriflora, (L.) Fenyl. Blunt-leaved Sand-
wort.
Arenaria lateriflora^ L.
In rich, shady soil in the Minnesota valley, and in the
Black Hills.
Spergula arveiisis, L. Spurey.
A naturalized weed, sparingly introduced in the Sioux
valley.
Paronychia Jamesii, T. & G. James' Whitlow-wort.
On dry soil in the Black Hills, and the surrounding
plains.
NYMPHJSACE^. Water Lily Family.
]Nymph?ea adveiia, Soland. Large Yellow Pond Lily.
Nuphar advena, R. Br.
In ponds and streams throughout the state, except in
the dryer part of the plains region.
Nymphaea oclerata, (Dryand.) Woods & Wood. Pond
Lily.
Quite authentic reports have been received of the oc-
currence of this species in a tributary of the Sioux river
southeast of Brookings, in the extreme eastern part of
the state, but no specimens have been seen.
CERATOPHYLLACE^.
Ceratophyllum demersum, L. Hornwort.
One of the most abundant plants in ponds, lakes and
slow streams, from the Missouri river eastward.
144
RANUNCULACE^. The Crowfoot, or Buttercup Family.
Caltha palustris, L. Marsh Marigold.
In cold, springy swamps and low meadows in the
Minnesota valley.
Acttea rubra, (Ait.) Willd. Red Baneberry.
In rich woods near lakes and streams in the Sioux
valley, and in the Black Hills.
Actsea rubra arguta, (Nutt.) Greene. Western Baneberry.
Occurs in the Black Hills.
Actrea alba, (L.) Mill. White Baneberry.
In the Sioux valley with the last species.
Aquilegia Caiiadeiisis, L. Wild Columbine.
On damp, shady banks in the vicinity of lakes and
streams in the Minnesota, Sioux, James, and the south-
ern part of the Missouri valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Aquilegia Canadensis formosa, (Fisch.) Cooper.
Occurs rarely in the Black Hills.
Aquilegia brevistyla, Hook. Small-flowered Columbine.
On shady banks in the Black Hills.
Delphinium Caroliiiianum, Walt. Carolina Larkspur.
Common in open ground from the Missouri eastward.
Delphinium bicolor, Nutt. Mewzie's Larkspur.
A variable species, common in the Black Hills.
Delphinium urceolatum, Jacq. Tall Larkspur.
A single fragmentary specimen was received from
x Rapid City in the spring of 1898, which is very doubt-
fully referred to this species.
Acouitum Fischeri, Reich. Fisher's Monkshood. Wolfs-
bane.
In damp ravines in the Black Hills.
Anemone Garoliniaua, Walt. Caroline Anemone.
On prairies, especially in low places from the Missouri
eastward.
H5
Anemone miiltifida, Poir. Red Wind Flower.
Occurs only in the Black Hills.
Anemone cyliiidrica, A. Gray. Long-fruited Anemone.
On prairies throughout the state.
Anemone virgiiiiaiia, L. Tall Anemone.
In open woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Anemone Caiiadeiisis, L. Canadian Anemone.
In low ground, especially in the vicinity of woods or
thickets, from the Missouri eastward.
Pulsatilla hirsutissima, (Pursh.) Britton. Pasque
Flower,
Anemone patens Nutalliana, DC.
Throughout the state; especially abundant on sandy
bluffs and hills from the Missouri river eastward; one
of the earliest flowers that blooms on the open prairie.
Quite severe losses occasionally occur to the sheep
industry by the formation of "hair balls" in the stomach
of sheep which have eaten too greedily of this plant.
The trouble most often occurs early in the spring,
before the grasses have made much growth.
Clematis Virgiiiiaiia, L,. Virginian Virgin's Bower.
Along streams and lakes in the Sioux, James and
Minnesota valleys.
Clematis ligusticifblia, Nutt. Western Virgin's Bower.
In thickets along streams from the Missouri westward.
Clematis Scottii, Porter. Scott's Clematis.
In the Black Hills.
Clematis alpiua tenuiloba, (Gray.) Rydberg. Alpine
Clematis.
Occurs occasionally in canons in the Black Hills.
Myosnriis minimus, L. Mouse-tail.
Occurs in low places in several localities in the James
river valley, from the central part of the state south-
ward; Kingsbury, Miner and Aurora counties.
1 4 6
Ranunculus delphinifolius, Torr. Yellow Water-crow-
foot.
Ranunculus multifidus^ Pursh.
In ponds and streams from the Missouri river eastward.
Ranunculus ovalis, Raf. Prairie Crowfoot.
Ranunculus rhomboideus, Goldie.
On prairies and banks of streams throughout the state.
Ranunculus abortivus, .!,. Kidney-leaved Crowfoot.
In rich woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys,
and in the Black Hills.
Ranunculus sceleratus, I/. Celery-leaved Crowfoot.
In the Sioux, the Minnesota and the southern part of
the James valley, and in the Black Hills.
Ranunculus Pennsylvanicus, Lf. Bristly Buttercup.
In low, wet ground in the Minnesota, the Sioux and
the James valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Ranunculus Macounii, Britton. Macoun's Buttercup.
A common species in the Minnesota, Sioux and James
valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Ranunculus pedatifidus cardiophyllus, (Hook.)
Britton.
Occurs in the Black Hills.
Ranunculus septentrionalis, Poir. Swamp Buttercup.
Common in low, wet meadows in the Minnesota and
Sioux valleys.
Batrachium divaricatum, (Schrank.) Wimm. Water
Crowfoot.
Ranunculus trichophyllus, Chaix.
Common in ponds and streams throughout the state.
Oxygraphis cymbalaria, (Pursh.) Prantl. Seaside Crow-
foot.
Ranunculus cymbalaria, Pursh.
In sandy soil throughout the state.
Thalictrum cliocium, L. Early Meadow Rue.
Occurs occasionally from the James valley eastward;
Brown and Brookings counties.
Thalictrum veimlosum, Trelease. Veiny Meadow Rue.
In the Black Hills.
Thalictrum occicleiitale, Gray. Western Meadow Rue.
Dr. Rydberg is not quite certain of his identification
of this^pecies, as he was unable to obtain fruit.
Thalictrum purpursisceiis, L,. Purplish Meadow Rue.
In thickets and woods throughout the state.
BERBERIDACE^. Barberry Family.
Berberis aqiiifolium, Pursh. Trailing Mahonia.
Berber is repens, Lindl.
A trailing shrub, common in canons in the Black
Hills.
Caulophyllum thalictroides, (I/.) Michx. Blue Cohosh.
In rich woods in the Minnesota region.
MENISPERMACE.E. Moonseed Family.
Meiiisperiiium Caiiadense, L. Canada Moonseed.
In woods and thickets along streams from thePMis-
souri eastward.
PAPAVERACE^;. Poppy Family.
Argemoue alba, Lestib. White Prickly Poppy.
In draws and on open plains in the foot-hills to the
Black Hills, and ranging eastward nearly to the Missouri
river.
Saiiguiiiaria cauacleiisis, L. Bloodroot.
In damp, rich woods in the Minnesota region.
Bicuculla cucullaria, (L.) Millsp. Dutchman's Breeches.
Dicentra cucullaria, DC.
In rich woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
148
Capiioides aiireum, (Willd.) Kuntze. Golden Corydalis.
Corydalis aurea, Willd..
In light soil in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and
in the Black Hills. It was collected along a railroad
embankment, and was possibly introduced from farther
east.
Capnoidea curvisiliquin, (Englm.) Kuntze. Curved-
fruited Corydalis.
Corydalis curvisiliqua, Englm.
Common in the Black Hills.
. Mustard Family.
Stanleya piunata, (Pursh.) Britton. Stanleya.
On dry prairies in the Black Hills region.
Lepidium virgiiiicum, L. Wild Pepper-grass.
A weed in fields and roadsides in the Minnesota and
Sioux valleys.
Lepidium apetalum, Willd. Apetalous Pepper-grass.
Lepidium intermedium, Gray.
A very abundant weed in cultivated fields and waste
places from the Missouri river eastward.
Lepidium iiicisuiii, Roth. Cut-leaved Pepper-grass.
Occurs rarely in the Black Hills.
Thalaspi arveiise, L. Field Pepper-grass.
Sparingly introduced in the Sioux valley near Sioux
Falls. Doubtless introduced from Manitoba, where it is
a troublesome weed.
Sisymbrium oflicinale, (L.) Scop. Hedge Mustard.
A common weed in waste places from the Missouri
river eastward.
Sisymbrium altissimum, L. Tumbling Mustard.
A common and troublesome weed in the Minnesota
valley, doubtless introduced from Assinoboia.
BraHHica iiigra, (L.) Kocb. Black Mustard.
A common introduced weed in waste places.
Brassica arveusis, (L.) B. S. P. Wild Mustard.
Brassica sinapistrum, Bois.
A troublesome weed in cultivated fields throughout
the state, but more abundant in the eastern part. It is
much more abundant and harder to eradicate in the bot-
tom lands.
Sinapsis alba, L. White Mustard.
Brassica alba, Bois.
A weed in cultivated and waste places throughout the
state.
Roripa siiiiata, (Nutt.) A. S. Hitchcock. Spreading
Yellow-cress.
Occasional in low places from the Missouri valley
eastward.
Koripa palustris, (I,.) Bess. Marsh Water-cress.
Nasturtium palustris, DC.
In low, wet places throughout the state.
Roripa hispicla, (Desv.) Britton. Hispid Yellow-cress.
Nasturtium hispidium, DC.
Occasional in low places from the Missouri valley
eastward.
Roripa nasturtium, (L.) Rusby. Water-cress.
Nasturtium officinale, R. Br.
Naturalized near Hot Springs in the Black Hills.
Roripa armoracia, (L,.) A. S. Hitchcock's Horseradish.
Nasturtium armoracia, Fries.
Sparingly introduced into the Sioux valley.
Carclamine bulbosa, (Schreb.) B. S. P. Bulbous Cress.
Cardamine rhomboida, DC.
In shallow water and low meadows in the Minnesota
and Sioux valleys.
Carclamine rotimclifolia, Michx. American Water-cress.
In cold, springy bogs in the Minnesota region.
150
Carclaiiiiiie prateiisis, (L ) Cuckoo-flower.
Specimens collected in the cold spring swamp near
Lake Traverse in the Minnesota region, one doubtfully
referred to this species.
Physaria diclymocarpa, (Hook.) Gray. Double Bladder-
pod.
On the dry plains east of the Black Hills.
Lesquerella Spathulata, Rydberg. Low Bladder-pod.
On dry knolls in the Black Hills and the surrounding
plains.
Lesquerella argentia areiiosa, (Richards.) Wats. Sil-
very Bladder-pod.
Vesicaria arenosa, Richards.
In the Black Hills and the adjacent plains.
Bursa Bursa-pastoris, (L.) Britton. Shepard's Purse.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris, Medic.
Sparingly introduced from the Missouri eastward and
in the Black Hills.
Camelina saliva, (L.) -False Flax.
Occasional in flax fields and waste places in the Sioux
valley and the Black Hills.
Draba Caroliiiiaiia, Walt. Carolina Whitlow-grass.
On dry, sandy knolls from the James valley westward.
Draba Caroliiiiana micrantha, (Mott.) Gray.
In the Black Hills.
Draba nemorasa, L. Wood Whitlow-grass.
Occasional on sandy knolls in the Sioux valley and in
the Black Hills.
Draba aurea, Vahl. Golden Whitlow-grass.
In the Black Hills.
Sophia iiiHsa, (Engelm.) Greene. Western Tansy Mus-
tard.
Sisymbrium incisum, Engelm.
Occasional throughout the state.
Sophia Hartwegiana, (Fourn.) Greene. Hastings' Tansy
Mustard.
Sisymbrium Hartwegianum, Fourn.
Common in dry soil in the Sioux valley.
Arabis hirsuta, (I/.) Scop. Hairy Rock-cress.
On prairies in the Minnesota, Sioux and James val-
leys and in the Black Hills.
Arabis Cauacleiisis, L,. Sickle-pod.
In open woods in the Minnesota valley.
Arabis brachycarpa, (T. & G.) Britton. Purple Rock-
cress.
In woods in the Minnesota valley.
Arabis glabra, (L.) Bernh. Tower Mustard.
Arabis perfoliata, L.
Occasional in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and in
the Black Hills.
Arabis Horboellii, Hormen. Horboell's Rock-cress.
In the Black Hills.
Erysimum cheiraiithoides, (I,.) Treachle Mustard.
In thickets in the vicinity of streams in the Minnesota
and Sioux valleys and in the Black Hills.
Erysmium iiicoiispicuum, (S. Wats.) MacM. Small
Erysimum.
In the Sioux valley and the Black Hills; not common.
Erysimum Syrticolum, Sheldon. Sand Erysimum.
In the Minnesota region, near Bigstone lake.
Erysimum asperum, DC. Western Wall-flower.
On dry soil from the Missouri valley westward.
Matthiola feiiestralis, Stock.
There is a single specimen in the herbarium from
Spring lake, Walworth county, with no note as to the
extent to which it has become naturalized.
152
Coriiigia orient-alls, (L.) Dumort. Hare's-ear Mustard.
Sparingly introduced from the Missouri valley east-
ward, becoming troublesome in some localities.
CAPPARIDACE/E. Caper Family.
Cleoma serrulata, Pursh. Pink Cleome.
Cleoma integifolia, T. & G.
From the Missouri valley westward; not abundant.
Polaiiisia trachysperma, T. & G. Clammy Weed.
On sandy and gravelly shores throughout the state.
CRASSULACE^E. Orpine Family.
Sedum stenopetalum, Pursh. Western Stone Crop.
On dry, rocky knolls in the Black Hills.
Penthorum sedoides, L. Virginian Stone Crop.
Along and in streams in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys; abundant.
SAXIFRAGACE^S. Saxifrage Family.
Saxifraga cernua, L. Nodding Saxifrage.
Near Sylvan lake, in the Black Hills.
Heuchera hispida, Pursh. Rough Heuchera, Alum-root.
In thickets from the Missouri valley eastward, and in
the Black Hills.
Heuchera parviflora, Nutt. Small Flowered Alum-root.
Near Rockford in the Black Hills.
Parnassia Caroliniana, Michx. Grass of Parnassus.
In cold swamps in the Minnesota region, and one
station, near Elkton, in the Sioux valley.
Pariiassia parviflora, DC. Small-flowered Grass ot Par-
nassus.
In cold swamps in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
153
Tellima parviflora, Hook. Small-flowered Tellinia.
Iti the Black Hills, rare.
GROSSULARIACE^S. Gooseberry Family.
Kibes gracile, Michx. Missouri Gooseberry.
Common in woods and thickets from the Missouri val-
ley eastward.
Kibes oxycaiithoicles, L, Northern Gooseberry.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and in the Black
Hills.
Kibes lacustre, (Pers.) Poir. Swamp Gooseberry.
In the Black Hills.
Kibes Setosum, Lindl. Bristly Gooseberry.
Common in the Black Hills and along streams in the
adjoining plains.
Kiber floridum, L'Her. Wild Black Currant.
Very common along streams from the Missouri valley
eastward.
Kibes cereum, Dougl. Squaw Currant.
Common in the "draws" and canons in the Black
Hills and the adjacent plains. Doubtless extending
eastward nearly to the Missouri river.
Kibes aureum, Pursh. Golden or Buffalo Currant.
In thickets and along streams from the Missouri val-
ley westward.
ROSACE^. Rose Family.
Opulaster opulifolius, (L.) Kuntze. Ninebark.
Common in the Black Hills.
Opulaster moiiogyna, (Torr.) Kuntze. Small-flowered
Ninebark.
In the Black Hills and the adjacent plains.
Spiraea salicifolia, L,. Willow-leaved Meadowsweet.
In moist ground in the Minnesota valley, and in the
Sioux valley near Sioux Falls.
Spiraea lucida, Dougl. Corymbed Spiraea.
Spir&a betulifolia, Hook.
On banks in the Black Hills.
Luetkea ca^spetosa, (Nutt.) Kuntze. Tufted Meadow-
sweet.
Spirtza ccespitosa, Nutt.
In the Black Hills.
Rulms parviflorus, Nutt. Salmon-berry.
Rubus nutkanus, Mocino.
In the Black Hills.
Rulms strigosus, Michx. Red Raspberry.
Along streams and in rocky places throughout the
state.
Kulms occideiitalis, I/. Black Raspberry.
From the Missouri river eastward. In general it is not
as common as the last, especially rare in the Missouri
valley.
Rubus Americanus, (Pers.) Britton. Dwarf Raspberry.
Rubus triflorus, Richards.
In cold swamps in the Minnesota region and in the
Black Hills.
Fragaria Virginian a, Duchesne. Strawberry.
In rather low ground throughout the state, but not
abundant.
Fragaria Americana, (Porter.) Britton. Wood Straw-
berry. Indian Strawberry.
Fragaria Vesca Americana, Porter.
In woods in the Minnesota region, and in the Black
Hills.
Potentilla arguta, Pursh. Tall Cinquefoil.
On dry prairies throughout the state.
155
Poteiitilla iiivea dissecta, Wats. Snowy Cinquefoil.
A rare plant, occurring in the Black Hills near Hot
Springs.
Potentilla Moiispeliensis, Iy. Rough Cinquefoil.
Potentilla Norvegica, I,.
In dry soils throughout the state.
Potentilla leucocarpa, Rydberg. Diffuse Cinquefoil.
Potentilla rival-is millegrama, S. Wats.
In the Black Hills and the Sioux valley.
Potentilla paracloxa, Nutt. Bushy Cinquefoil.
Potentilla supina, Michx.
In sandy soil throughout the state; not abundant.
Potentilla Hippiaiia, I,ehm. Woolly Cinquefoil.
Occurs only in the Black Hills.
Potentilla hippiana diffusa, (Gray.) Lehm.
Occurs with the type in the Black Hills.
Potentilla Peimsylvanica, L. Prairie Cinquefoil.
On prairies from the Missouri valley eastward and in
the Black Hills.
Potentilla fruiticosa, L. Shrubby Cinquefoil.
In moist, rocky places in the Black Hills.
Potentilla aiiseriiia, L. Silver-weed.
In alkaline places from the Missouri river eastward.
Potentilla glaiidulosa, Lindl. Glandular Cinquefoil.
In the Black Hills.
Potentilla gracilis, Dougl. Slender Cinquefoil.
In the Black Hills.
Potentilla gracilis fastigiata, (Nutt.) Wats.
Near Rockford in the Black Hills.
Potentilla conciiiiia, Richards. Elegant Cinquefoil.
Near Custer in the Black Hills.
Potentilla coiiciima humistrata, Ryd.
In the Black Hills, in the vicinity of Deadwood.
156
Geum ciliatiim, Pursh. Long-plumed Purple Avens.
Geum triflorum, Pursh.
On prairies and in thickets throughout the state.
(M- n in Caiiacleusis, Jacq. White Avens.
In woods and thickets from the Missouri river east-
ward.
Geum Virgiiiiaimiii, L. Rough Avens.
In low ground in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Geum Macrophylliim, Willd. Large-leaved Avens.
Near Rockford in the Black Hills.
Geum strictum, Ait. Yellow Avens.
Occasional throughout the state.
Cercocarpus parvifolius, H. & A. Small-leaved cerco-
carpus.
On dry, rocky knolls in the Black Hills.
Agromiiiia hirsuta, (Muhl.) Becknell. Hairy Agrimonia.
Agrimonia eupatoria kirsuta, Muhl.
In thickets in the Minnesota and James valley and in
the Black Hills.
Agrimonia parviflora, Soland. Many-flowered Agri-
monia.
Occasional in woods and thickets in the Minnesota
and Sioux valleys and in the Black Hills.
Rosa blaiula, Ait. Meadow Rose.
In thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Rosa acicularis. Prickly Rose.
Abundant in the Black Hills.
Rosa woodesii, Lindl. Wood Rose.
From the James valley westward, common only in the
Black Hills.
POMACE^. Apple Family.
Sorlms sarnlmcifolia, (C. & S.) Roem. Western Moun-
tain Ash.
157
Pyrus sambuci folia, C. &. S.
Doubtfully reported by Dr. Rydberg as occurring near
Sturgis in the Black Hills.
Anielanchier Canadensis, (L,. ) Media. June Berry, Ser-
vice Berry.
Along the Sioux river near Sioux Falls.
Anielanchier rotunclifolia, (Michx.) Roem. Round-
leaved June Berry.
Amelanchiey Canadensis rotundifolia, T. & G.
In woods and thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys. ,
Amelanchier aluifolia, Nutt. Northwestern June Berry.
Amelanchier Canadensis alnifolia, T. & G.
In thickets and on dry knolls from the James valley
westward; common.
Crataegus macracaiitha, Lodd. I/ong Spined Thorn-
apple.
Cratcegus coccinea macracantha, Dudley.
Common in thickets in the Minnesota, Sioux and
James valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Cratsegus mollis, (T. & G.) Scheele. Red-fruited Thorn.
Crattzgus tomentora mollis, Gray.
Occasional in thickets in the Minnesota, Sioux and
James valleys.
DRUPACE^;. Plum Family.
Primus Americana, Marsh. Wild Plum.
Very abundant in thickets in the vicinity of lakes and
streams throughout the state.
Primus Besseyi, Bailey. Western Sand Cherry.
On bluffs and banks of streams from the James valley
westward.
Primus Peimsylvaiiica, L. F. Pin Cherry or Wild Red
Cherry.
This species has only been reported from the Black
Hills.
Primus Virginiana, L. Choke Cherry.
Along streams and lakes throughout the state.
Primus demissa, (Nutt.) Walp. Western Wild Cherry.
Along streams from the Missouri valley westward.
Prunus serotiiia, Ehrh. Black Cherry.
Rare in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
MIMOSACE^;. Mimosa Family.
Acuaii Illiiioensis, (Michx.) Kuntze.
Desmanthus brachylobus, Benth .
On sandy or rocky banks of streams and lakes; occa-
sional in the Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys.
Morongia uncinata, (Willd.) Britton* Sensitive-brier.
Schrankia uncinala, Willd.
In dry soil from the Missouri valley westward.
. Senna Family.
Cercis Canadensis, L. Red -bud.
This species is reported by Engelman to be found at
the mouth of the Sioux river. It has not yet been col-
lected there or elsewhere in the state. If it reaches our
southeastern limit it must be quite rare.
Cassia chamaecrista, L. Sensitive Pea.
Jn the southern part of the Sioux and James valleys,
near Sioux Falls, Elk Point and Yankton.
Crleditsia triacanthos, L. Sweet Locust.
Along the Sioux river in the extreme southeastern
county, Union county.
Oymnocladus dioica, (L ) Koch. Kentucky Coffee-tree.
Along the Missouri river in the two southeastern
counties, Clay and Union.
PAPILUONACE^E. Pea Family.
Sophora sericea, Nutt. Silky Sophora.
On prairies from the Missouri valley westward.
Thermopsis rhoiubifolia, (Nutt.) Richards. Prairie
Thermopsis.
On banks and in draws from the Missouri valley west-
ward.
Crotalaria sagitalis, L. Rattle-box.
On prairies in the southern part of the state, east of
the Missouri river; Union, Clay, Yankton and Charles
Mix counties.
Lupiims sericeus, Pursh. Woolly Lupine.
In the Black Hills.
Lupiiius parviflorus, Nutt. Small-flowered Lupine.
Common in the Black Hills.
Lupiims pusillus, Pursh. Low Lupine.
Common on the dry plains from the Missouri valley
westward.
Melilotus alba, Desv. White Sweet Clover.
Sparingly naturalized in the Minnesota, Sioux and
James valleys.
Melilotus officinalis, (L.) Lam. Sweet Yellow Clover.
Escaped from cultivation in the Sioux valley near
Brookings.
Trifolium procumbens, L. Low Hop Clover.
Sparingly naturalized in the Sioux valley.
Trifolium stoloiiiferum, Muhl. Running Buffalo Clover.
In low prairies and woods in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys; introduced.
Trifolium Beckwitbii, Brewer. Beckwith's Clover.
Very abundant around swails and in low meadows in
the Minnesota and Sioux valleys. Our only native
clover.
Trifolium repens, (L.) White Clover.
Sparingly introduced in the Sioux valley and in the
Black Hills.
i6o
Trifoliuiii pratense, L. Red Clover.
Sparingly naturalized in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Lotus Americanus, (Nutt.) Bisch. Prairie Bird's-foot
Trefoil.
Hosackia purshiana, Benth.
On low, sandy land, mostly in the vicinity of streams,
locally very abundant; it is the most nutritious of all our
native forage crops. In cultivation, however, its growth
is uncertain. The name of " Dakota Vetch " has been
applied to it by J. G. Smith.
Psoralea tenuiflora, Pursh. Few-flowered Psoralea.
Common in dry soils from the Missouri river valley
westward.
Psoralea digitata, Nutt. Digitate Psoralea.
Occasional in dry soils from the Missouri river west-
ward.
Psoralea argophylla, Pursh. Silver-leaf Psoralea.
Very abundant throughont the state.
Psoralea cuspidata, Pursh. Large-bracted Psoralea.
Common on dry hills and banks from the Missouri
valley westward.
Psoralea esculeiita, Pursh. Prairie Turnip, " Indian
Turnip."
On sandy knolls throughout the state; common.
Psoralea lanceolata, Pursh, Lance-leaved Psoralea.
In the southern part of the Sioux valley; uncommon.
Amorpha fruticosa, L. False Indigo. Lead Plant.
Bordering streams and lakes throughout the state.
Amorpha liana, Nutt. Fragrant False Indigo.
Amorpha microphylla, Pursh.
On banks and prairies from the James valley west-
ward to the Black Hills; also reported from Sioux Falls
in the Sioux valley; more abundant from the Missouri
river westward.
Amorpha eanesceiis, Pursh. Shoe-strings. Lead-Plant.
Very abundant on prairies throughout the stale.
Parosela eimeandra, (Nutt.) Britton. Slender Parosela.
Dalea laxiflora, Pursh.
Common from the Missouri valley to the Black Hills.
Parosela dalea, (L.) Britton. Pink Parosela.
Dalea alopecuroides, Willd.
In sandy soils from the Missouri valley eastward;
occasional in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys; common
in the Missouri valley.
Parosela aurea, (Nutt.) Britton. Golden Parosela.
Dalea aurea, (Nutt.)
On bluffs and loose soils from the Missouri valley
westward.
Kuhnistera Candida, (Willd.) Kuntze. White Prairie
Clover.
Petalstemon candidus, Michx.
Very common on prairies throughout the state.
Kuhnistera compacta, (Spreng.) Kuntze. Dense-flowered
Prairie Clover.
Petalstemon compacta, Swezey.
Occasional on dry plains from the Missouri valley
westward.
Kuhnistera purpurea, (Vent.) MacM. Violet Prairie
Clover.
Petalstemon violaceus, Michx.
Common throughout the state; especially abundant in
sandy or gravelly soils.
Kuhnistera villosa, (Nutt.) Kuntze. Hairy Prairie
Clover.
Petalstemon villosus, Nutt.
In the Bad Lands, east of the Black Hills.
Astragalus crassicarpus, Nutt. Buffalo Pea, Ground
Plum.
Astragalus caryocarpus, Ker.
Very common on prairies throughout the state.
162
Astragalus Mexicanus, DC. Larger Ground Plum.
In the Sioux valley, near Brookings.
Astragalus Plattensis, Nutt. Platte Milk Vetch.
In the Sioux valley near Sioux Falls, and in the Black
Hills.
Astragalus Caroliiiianus, L. Carolina Milk Vetch.
Astragalus Canadensis, I/.
In sandy soil and waste places in the Minnesota and
Sioux valleys and in the Black Hills.
Astragalus adsurgens, Pall. Ascending Milk Vetch.
On prairies throughout the state.
Astragalus hypoglottis, I/. Cock's-head.
Abundant from the Missouri valley eastward, and in
the Black Hills.
Astragalus Drummondii, Dougl. Drurnmond's Milk
Vetch.
In the Black Hills, near Hot Springs.
Astragalus racemosus, Pursh. Racemose Milk Vetch.
Abundant in heavy soils from the Missouri river west-
ward; occasional in the James valley.
Astragalus Msulcatus, (Hook.) Gray. Grooved Milk
Vetch.
In the foot-hills of the Black Hills, and in the adjoin-
ing plains.
Astragalus lotiflorus, Hook. I^ow Milk Vetch.
In the Black Hills and on the adjoining plains.
Astragalus Missouriensis, Nutt. Missouri Milk Vetch.
From the Missouri valley westward; common on dry
banks and hills.
Astragalus gracilis, Nutt. Slender Milk Vetch.
In dry ground in the Minnesota region, and near Hot
Springs in the Black Hills.
Astragalus microlobus, Gray. Notched Milk Vetch.
Common in the Black Hills.
'63
Astragalus flexuosus, (Hook.) Dougl. Flexile Milk
Vetch.
On dry soils throughout the state.
Astragalus aboriginum, Richards. Indian Milk Vetch.
Near Deadwood, in the Black Hills.
Astragalus aboriginuin glaberiusculus, (Hook.) Ryd-
berg. Indian Milk Vetch.
In the Black Hills.
Astragalus alpiims, L. Alpine Milk Vetch.
In woods in the Black Hills.
Astragalus coiivallarius, Greene.
Near Bull Springs in the Black Hills.
Phaca Americana, (Hook.) Rydberg. Arctic Milk Vetch.
Phaca frigida Americana, Hook.
On low ground in thickets in the Black Hills and the
adjacent plains.
Homalobus teiiellus, (Pursh.) Britton. Loose-flowered
Milk Vetch.
Astragalus tenellus, Pursh.
Homalobus moutanus, (Nutt.) Britton. Prickly Milk
Vetch.
Astragalus Kentrophyta, A. Gray.
In the Bad Land region, east of the Black Hills.
Homalobus csespitosus, Nutt. Tufted Milk Vetch.
Astragalus c&spitosus, A. Gray.
In dry soils in the Black Hills, and in the adjacent
plains region.
Orophaca csespitosa, (Nutt.) Britton. Sessile -flowered
Milk Vetch.
Astragalus ccespitosa, Nutt.
In dry soils from the Missouri river westward.
Spiesia Lamberti, (Pursh.) Kuntze. Loco- weed.
Oxytropis Lamberti, Pursh.
Abundant on high ground throughout the state.
164
Spiesia Lambert! sericea, (Nutt.) Rydberg.
Oxytropus sericea, Nutt.
Throughout the s^ate, but more abundant from the
Missouri valley westward.
Spiesia viscida, (Nutt.) Kuntze. Viscid Loco- weed.
Common near Custer in the Black Hills.
Glycyrrhiza lepidota, Pursh. Wild Licorice. Buffalo
Burr.
Very abundant in low ground throughout the state.
Hedysarum Americaimm, (Michx.) Britton. Hedy-
sarum.
In the Black Hills near Rockford.
Meibomia grandiflora, (Walt.) Kuntze. Broad-leaved
Tick-trefoil.
Desmodium acuminatum, Michx.
In woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and up
the Missouri valley to Yankton.
Meibomia Illinoensis, (A. Gray.) Kuntze. Illinois Tick-
trefoil.
Desmodium Illinoense, A. Gray.
Common in thickets and low prairies in the Minnesota
valley.
Lespedeza capitata, Michx. Round-headed Bush Clover.
In low, sandy soil in the southern part of the Sioux
valley; Sioux Falls and Elk Point; up the Missouri to
Yankton.
Vicia Americana, Muhl. American Vetch.
In woods and thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys and the Black Hills.
Vicia Americana truiicata, (Nutt.) Brewer.
Vicia truncata, Nutt.
In or near low ground throughout the state.
Vicia liiiearis, (Nutt.) Greene. Narrow-leaved Vetch.
Vicia Americana linearis, S. Wats.
Common on dry prairies throughout the state.
Vicia sativa, L. Vetch. Tare.
Introduced into waste or cultivated fields in the Sioux
valley.
Lathyrus venosus, Muhl. Veiny Pea, Wild Pea.
On shady banks of streams and lakes in the Minnesota
and Sioux valleys.
Luthyrus palustris, L. Marsh Vetchling.
In low, moist ground from the Missouri river eastward.
Lathyrus ornatus, Nutt. Showy Vetchling.
On banks and bluffs from the Missouri valley west-
ward.
Lathyrus ochroleucus, Hook. Cream-colored Vetchling.
Abundant in the Black Hills.
Falcata comosa, (L.) Kuntze. Hog Peanut.
Amphicarpa monoica, Ell.
Near Rapid City in the Black Hills.
Falcata Pitcheri, (T. & G.) Kuntze. Pitcher's Hog
Peanut.
Amphicarpa Pitcheri, T. & G,
In rich woods in the Minnesota valley.
Apois apois, (L.) McM. Groundnut.
Apois tuberosa, Moench.
In woods and thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Strophostyles helvola, (L.) Britton. Trailing Wild Bean.
Strophostyles angulosa, Ell.
On shady banks of streams and lakes from the Mis-
souri valley eastward; not common.
Strophostyles pauciflora, (Benth.) S. Wats. Small
Wild Bean.
On banks of streams and lakes in the Minnesota,
Sioux and James valleys.
1 66
GERANIACE^E. Geranium Family.
Geranium columbiiium, L. Long-stalked Crane's Bill.
In the southern part of the Missouri valley; Charles
Mix county.
Geranium Carolinianuni, L. Carolina Crane's Bill.
In the Black Hills and the southern part of the Mis-
souri valley.
Geranium dissectum, L. Cut-leaved Crane's Bill. .
A native of Europe; near Rapid City in the Black
Hills; rare.
Geranium Ricliardsonii, Fisch. & Meyers. Richard-
son's Crane's Bill.
The common species in the Black Hills.
Geranium viscosissimum, Fisch. & Meyers. Viscid
Crane's Bill.
Occasional in the Black Hills.
OXAUDACE^E. Wood -sorrel Family.
Oxalis violacea, L. Violet Wood -sorrel.
In low places in thickets and in open prairies in the
Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys.
Oxalis stricta, L. Upright Yellow Wood-sorrel.
In thickets and on prairies from the Missouri valley
eastward and in the Black Hills.
LINAGE^. Flax Family.
Li mi in Lewis!!, Pursh. Lewis' Wild Flax.
In the Black Hills.
Li M inn sulcatum, Riddell. Grooved Yellow Flax.
In dry soil in the Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys.
Li it ii in rigidum, Pursh. Large-flowered Yellow Flax.
Common on dry prairies throughout the state.
i6 7
RUTACE^. Rue Family.
Xiiuthoxylum Americaiium, Mill. Prickly Ash.
In woods along streams and bordering lakes from the
Missouri valley eastward.
POLYGALACE^E. Milkwort Family.
Polygala verticillata, L. Whorled Milkwort.
On bluffs and prairies throughout the state.
Polygala senega latifolia, T. & G.
Common in the northern part of the Black Hills.
Polygala alba, Nutt. White Milkwort.
Common from the Missouri valley eastward and in the
Black Hills.
EUPHORBIACE^. Spurge Family.
Crotoii Texeiisis, (Klotzsch.) Muell. Texas Croton.
Common in dry, sandy soils from the Missouri valley
westward.
Euphorbia petaloidea, Engelm. White-flowered Spurge.
In sandy soil from the Missouri valley westward to
the Black Hills.
Euphorbia Geyeri, Engelm. & Gray. Geyer's Spuige.
In dry soils from the Missouri valley westward.
Euphorbia serpyllifolia, Pers. Thyme-leaved Spurge.
Common in the Minnesota, Sioux, and James valleys.
Euphorbia serpens, H. B. K. Round-leaved Spurge.
In the southern Missouri valley; Charles Mix county.
Euphorbia Glyptosperma, Engelm. Ridge-seeded
Spurge.
In dry soils throughout the state; the most common
species.
Euphorbia maculata, L. Milk Purslane.
In the Sioux and James valleys.
1 68
Euphorbia stictospora, Engelm. Narrow-seeded Spurge.
Common in dry soils from the Missouri valley west-
ward.
Euphorbia imtaiis, Lag. Upright Spotted Spurge.
Euphorbia preslii, Guss.
In the Sioux, James and Missouri valleys, especially
the eastern part.
Euphorbia hexagoiia, Nutt. Angled Spurge.
In dry soils from the Missouri valley westward.
Euphorbia marginata, Pursh. White Margined Spurge.
Along the Missouri river in the southern part of the
state and thence westward.
Euphorbia dentata, Michx. Toothed Spurge.
In the southern part of the Missouri valley, Charles
Mix county, and in the Black Hills.
Euphorbia heterophylla, L. Various-leaved Spurge.
In the southern part of the Sioux and Missouri val-
leys; near Sioux Falls, Yankton and Running Water.
Euphorbia dictyosporma, F. & M. Reticulate-seeded
Spurge.
In the James valley near Aberdeen, and from thence
westward.
Euphorbia robusta, (Engelm.) Small. Rocky Mountain
Spurge.
Euphorbia mountain robusta, Engelm.
Along the Cheyenne river and in the Black Hills;
probably ranging from the Missouri valley westward.
CALUTRICHACE^E. Water Starwort Family.
Callitriche palustris, L. Water Fennel.
Common in clear, cold streams throughout the state.
Callitriche biflda, (L.) Morong. Autumnal Starwort.
Callitriche autumnalis, L,.
In running water in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
169
ANACARDIACE^. Sumac Family.
Rims hirta, (L.) Sndw. Staghorn Sumac.
Rhus typhina^ L.
Collected but once in the southern part of the Missouri
valley, in Charles Mix county.
Rhus glabra, L. Smooth Sumac.
Common on bluffs and banks of streams from the Mis-
souri valley eastward, and in the Black Hills.
Rims trilobata, Nutt. Skunkbush.
On dry blufts and hills from the Missouri valley west-
ward, common; many specimens have very pubescent
leaflets.
Rims radicans, L. Poison Oak. Poison Ivy.
In woods and thickets throughout the state.
CELASTRACE^. Staff-tree Family.
Euoiiymus atropurpureous, Jacq. Burning Bush.
Wahoo.
Occasional in woods in the Sioux valley, and up the
Missouri river into Charles Mix county.
Celastrus scaiicleiis, L. Bittersweet.
Common in woods and thickets throughout the state.
ACERACE^. Maple Family.
Acer saccharinum, L,. Silver Maple. Soft Maple.
Acer dasycarpum, Bhrh.
Kxtends up the Sioux river to Flandreau and up the
Missouri river to the western edge of Union county the
southeastern county.
Acer saccliarum, Marsh. Sugar Maple. Rock Maple.
Acer saccharum, Wang.
Abundant in coulees and ravines, containing a clear
spring creek, at the headwaters of the Little Minnesota
river. There are some ten coulees extending from one
to three miles back into the coteaus in which the sugar
maple is abundant. Many of the trees are sixty to
seventy feet high and eight to ten feet in circumference.
As soon as the creek emerges from the hills into the
open prairie all the trees except the white elm, box
elder and two willows disappear. The coulees are nar-
row and deep, and the banks are lined with springs
which furnish a constant supply of water. The southern-
most coulee in which maples were found is one-half
mile south of Sisseton Agency.
Acer Neguiido, I,. Box Elder. Ash-leaved Maple.
Abundant along lakes and streams throughout the
state.
BALSAMINACE^E. Jewel-weed Family.
Impatiens biflora, Walt. Spotted Touch-me-not.
Impatiens julva.
In damp woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
I in p; it i- us aurea, Muhl. Pale Touch-me-not.
Impatiens pallida, Nutt.
In moist woods in the Minnesota valley.
RHAMNACE^. Buckthorn Family.
CeanothuH velutinus, Dougl. Velvety Redroot.
In the Black Hills near Lead City.
Oanothus Fenclleri, Gray. Fendler's Redroot.
Common in limestone districts in the Black Hills.
. Grape Family.
Vitis Vulpiiia, L. Riverside Grape.
Iritis riparia, Michx.
Common along streams and bordering lakes from the
Missouri river eastward.
Parthenocissus quinquefolia, (L.) Planch. False Vir-
ginia Creeper. Woodbine.
171
Ampelopsis quinquefolia, Michx.
Common in same habitat as the last, the Minnesota
and Sioux valleys, and in the Black Hills.
. Linden Family.
Tilia Americana, L. Basswood. American Linden.
Along streams and bordering lakes in the Minnesota
and Sioux valleys; up the Missouri valley to Running
Water.
MALVACEAE. Mallow Family.
Malva Sylvestris, L. High Mallow.
Sparingly introduced into waste places in the Sioux
valley near Brookings.
Malva rotunclifolia, L. Cheese's Runniug Mallow.
A naturalized weed in waste places in the Sioux val-
ley and southern Missouri valley.
Malva verticillata crispa, L. Whorled Mallow.
In waste places in the Sioux valley.
Malvastrum coccineum, (Pursh.) A. Gray. Red Mallow.
Common on dry prairies from the James valley west-
ward.
Abutiloii abutiloii, (L.) Rusby. Indian Mallow.
Abutilon avicennce^ Gaertn.
An introduced weed in the southeastern part of the
state.
Hibiscus trionum, L. Venice Mallow. Flower-of-an-
hour.
In waste places along the Sioux valley in Union
county, and up the Missouri valley to Chamberlain,
Brule county.
HYPERICACE^E. St. Johnswort Family.
Hypericum Canadense, L. Canadian St. Johnswort.
In low ground in the Minnesota valley, and in the
Black Hills.
172
ELATINACE^E. Waterwort Family.
Elatine triaiidra, Schk. Long-stemmed Waterwort.
In mud on margins of ponds and rivers in the Minne-
sota valley; in the Missouri valley in Wai worth county,
and in White river in the plains region.
CiSTACE^E. Rock Rose Family.
Helianthemum niajus, (L.) B. S. P. Hoary Frostweed.
On roadsides east of Custer in the Black Hills.
VIOLACE^. Violet Family.
Viola pedatiflda, Don. Prairie Violet.
On prairies in the Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys,
and in the Black Hills.
Viola obliqua, Hill. Meadow Violet.
Viola cucullata, Ait.
Mostly along streams or in the shady places from the
Missouri river eastward, and in the Black Hills.
Viola pedata, L. Bird's-foot Violet.
On prairies in the Minnesota valley near Bigstone Lake,
Viola pa I ust ris, L. Marsh Violet.
In moist soil near Sylvan Lake in the Black Hills.
Viola blanda, Willd. Sweet White Violet.
In damp ground in the Black Hills.
Viola Nuttallii, Pursh. Nuttall's Violet.
On prairies from the James valley westward through-
out the state.
Viola pubescens, Ait. Hairy Yellow Violet.
In rich woods in Union county in the Sioux valley,
and in the Black Hills. Most of the specimens referred
to this species belong to the next.
Viola scabriuscula, (T. & G.) Schwein. Smoothish Yel-
low Violet.
Viola pubescens scabriuscula, T. & G.
In rich woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and
in the Black Hills.
Viola Caiiadeiisis, L. Canadian Violet.
Abundant in rich woods in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Viola arenaria, DC. Sand Violet.
In dry soils in the Black Hills, near Rapid City.
Viola cauiua aduiica, Gray.
In the Black Hills.
LOASACE^;. Loasa Family.
Meiitzelia oligosperma, Nutt. Few-seeded Mentzelia.
Occasional in the Black Hills; more common in the
adjacent plains.
Meiitzelia nuda, (Pursh.) T. & G. Bractless Mentzelia.
A rare plant, reported only for the Black Hills.
Mentzelia decapetala, (Pursh.) Urban & Gilg. Showy
Mentzelia.
Mentzelia ornata, T. & G.
Common in dry soils from the Missouri westward.
CACTACE^. Cactus Family.
Opvintia humifusa, Raf. Western Prickly Pear.
Opuntia Raftnesquii, Engelm.
In the Black Hills and the adjacent plains region.
Opvmtia fragilis, (Nutt.) Haw. Brittle Opuntia.
In the Black Hills; rare.
Cactus Missouriensis, (Sweet.) Kuntze. Missouri Cactus.
Mamillaria Missouriensis, Sweet.
On bluffs, knolls and plains from the Missouri river
westward.
Cactus viviparus, Nutt. Purple Cactus.
Mamillaria vivipara, Haw.
From the Missouri valley westward.
'74
ELAEAGNACE^E. Oleaster Family.
Elaeagims argeutea, Pursh. Silver Berry.
In limestone districts in the Black Hills.
Lepargyraea Canadensis, (L.) Greene. Canadian Buffalo
Berry.
Shepherdia Canadensis, Nutt.
Occasional from the Missouri river to the Black Hills*
Lepargyrsea argentea, (Nutt.) Greene. Buffalo Berry.
Shepherdia argentea, Nutt.
Common on bluffs and in thickets from the Missouri
valley westward; occasional on bluffs in coulees in the
Minnesota valley.
LYTHRACE^. Loosestrife Family.
Ammaiiia coccinea, Rottb. Long-leaved Ammannia.
In swampy ground from the Missouri valley eastward.
Lythrum alatum, Pursh. Wing-angled Loosestrife.
Occasional in low ground from the Missouri valley
eastward.
ONAGRACE.^. Evening Primrose Family.
Chamsenerioii angustifolium, (L.) Scop. Fireweed.
Great Willow Herb.
Epilobium angustifolium, L.
In open woods in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
Epilobium liiieare, Muhl. Linear-leaved Willow Herb.
In swamps in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and in
the Black Hills.
Epilobium paiiiculatum, Nutt. Panicled Willow Herb.
Occurs in the Black Hills.
Epilobium coloratum, Muhl. Purple-leaved Willow
Herb.
In low ground in the Minnesota valley.
Epilobium adeiiocauloii, Haussk. Northern Willow
Herb.
In moist ground throughout the state.
Epilobium Hornemaimi, Rerchenb. Hornemann's Wil-
low Herb.
Near Sips Springs in the Black Hills.
Epilobium Drummondii, Kansk. Drummond's Willow
Herb.
In the limestone district in the Black Hills.
Onagra bieniiis, (L>.) Scop. Evening Primrose.
CEnothera biennis, L.
Common throughout the state.
(Eiiothera laciiiiata, Hill. Sinuate-leaved Evening
Primrose.
CEnothera sinuata, I*.
In the Black Hills; rare.
Anogra albicaulis, (Pursh.) Britton. Prairie Evening
Primrose.
CEnothera albicaulis, Pursh.
Occasional in low ground throughout the state.
Anogra coroiiopifolia, (T. &. G.) Britton. Cut-leaved
Evening Primrose.
CEnothera coronopifolia, T. & G.
In the Black Hills and on the adjacent plains.
Anogra pallicla leptophylla, (Nutt.)
CEnothera pallida leptophylla, (Nutt.) T. & G.
CEnothera leptophylla, Nutt.
Occasional in the Black Hills,
Pachylophus csespitosa, (Nutt.) Raimann. Scapose
Primrose.
CEnothera c&spitosa, (Nutt.)
In "gumbo soils" from the Missouri valley westward;
common.
Meriolix serrulata, (Nutt.) Walp. Tooth-leaved Primrose.
i 7 6
CEnothera serrulata, Nutt.
In dry soils throughout the state.
Gaura parviflora, Dougl. Small-flowered Gaura.
In dry soil from the Missouri valley westward.
Gaura cocciiiea, Pursh. Scarlet Gaura.
In dry prairies throughout the state; more common in
the James and Missouri valleys.
Gay ophy ton ramosissimum, T. & G. Bushy Gay-
ophyton.
On dry knolls in the Black Hills and the adjacent
plains.
Circsea Lutetiaiia, L,. Enchanter's Nightshade.
In damp woods in the Minnesota valley and the Black
Hills.
Circsea alpiiia, L. Alpine Enchanter's Nightshade.
In moist woods in the Black Hills.
HALORAGIDACE^E. Water Millfoil Family.
Hippuris vulgaris, L. Bottle Brush.
In shallow water in the Sioux valley and locally in
the Missouri valley; Faulkton.
Myriophyllum spicatum, L. Spiked Water Millfoil.
Common in lakes and slow streams in the Minnesota,
Sioux and James valleys.
Myriophyllum verticillatum, L. Whorled Water Mill-
foil.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys; not common.
Myriophyllum heterophyllum, Michx. Various-leaved
Water Millfoil.
In slow running water in the Sioux valley; rare.
ARAIJACE^. Ginseng Family.
Aralia raccmosa, L. American Spikenard.
In rich woods in the Minnesota valley.
i 7 7
Aralia imdicaulis, L. Wild Sarsaparilla.
On shady banks in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
UMBEivLiFKR^. Carrot Family, Umbelworts.
Daucus carrota, L,. Wild Carrot.
Sparingly naturalized in the Minnnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Heracleuin laiiatum, Michx. Cow Parsnip.
In woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and in
the Black Hills.
Pastiiiaca saliva, L. Wild Parsnip.
Escaped near Rapid City, in the Black Hills.
Peiicedanum imdicaule, (Pursh.) Nutt. White-flowered
Parsley.
In dry soil from the Missouri valley eastward, common.
Peucedauum foeniculaceum, Nutt. Fennel-leaved
Parsley.
In the James and Missouri valleys and along the
White river; not common.
Peucedanuin villosum, Nutt. Hairy Parsley.
In dry, clay, soils from the James valley westward;
common.
Cymop terns acaulis, (Pursh.) Rydberg. Plain Cymop-
terus.
Cymopterus glomeratus, Raf.
On dry knolls from the Missouri valley westward.
Cymopterus montanus, T. & G. Mountain Cymopterus.
In the Black Hills and the adjacent plaius.
Eryiig'ium aquaticum, L. Button Snakeroot.
In the Sioux valley near Sioux Falls; rare.
Saiiicula Marylandica, L. Black Snakeroot.
In woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys; com-
mon.
i 7 8
Sanicula canadensis, L. Short-styled Snakeroot.
Sanicula Marylandica canadensis, Torr.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and in the Black
Hills.
Musineon divaricatum, (Pursh.) Nutt. L^afy Musineon.
In "gumbo soils' ' from the Missouri valley westward ;
common.
Musineon tennifolium, Nutt. Scapose Musineon.
In the Black Hills; common.
Musineon trachysperma, Nutt.
Near Hermosa in the Black Hills.
Washingtonia Claytoni, (Michx.) Britton. Wooly
Sweet Cicely.
Osmorrhiza brevistylis, DC.
In the Minnesota and the southern part of the Sioux
valleys (Union Co.); rare.
Washingtonia longistylis, (Tott.) Britton. Smoother
Sweet Cicely.
Osmorrhiza longistylis, Torr.
In rich woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and
in the Black Hills.
Washingtonia inn la, (Torr.) Western Sweet Cicely.
Osmorrhiza nuda, Torr.
In the Black Hills, not common.
Sium cicutaefolium, Gmel. Hemlock Water Parsnip.
In swamps from the Missouri valley eastward.
Zizia aurea, (L.) Koch. Golden Meadow Parsnip.
Abundant in low prairies from the Missouri valley
eastward.
Zizia cordata, (Walt.) DC. Heart-leaved Alexander.
On low prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux val-
leys and in the Black Hills. I^ess common than the
last.
Caruin carui, If. Caraway.
Sparingly introduced in the Sioux valley and in the
Black Hills.
Carum Gairtliieri, (Nutt.) Benth. & Hook. Gardner's
Caraway.
Reported by Dr. Gray for the Black Hills.
Cicuta maculata, L. Water Hemlock.
In swamps and streams from the Missouri valley east-
ward, and in the Black Hills.
Cicuta bulbifera, L. Bulb-bearing Water Hemlock.
In a cold spring swamp near Elkton in the extreme
eastern part of the Sioux valley.
Deringia canadensis, (I,.) Kuntze. Honewort.
Cryptot<znia canadensis, I,.
In rich woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Berula erecta, (Huds.) Coville. Cut-leaved Water Pars-
nip.
Berula augnstifolia, Mert. & Kock.
In swamps in the Minnesota valley and in the Black
Hills.
Bupleurum rotundifolium, L. Modesty.
Introduced into the Sioux valley in grass seed.
CORNACE^E. Dogwood Family.
Cornus canadeiisis, L,. Dwarf Cornel.
In damp woods in the Black Hills.
Cornus Baileyi, Coult. & Evans. Bailey's Dogwood.
In the Black Hills.
Cornus asperifolia, Michx. Rough-leaved Dogwood.
Along the Missouri river and in the southern part of
the state, Union, Clay and Yankton counties.
Cornus stoloiiifera, Michx. Red Osier.
In thickets along streams and bordering lakes through-
out the state.
i8o
Coriius amoiium, Mill. Silky Cornel.
Cornus sericea, I/.
Along the Missouri river in Yankton and Charles Mix
counties.
PYROLACE^E. Wintergreen Family.
Pyrola rotundifolia, L. Round-leaved Wintergreen.
In woods in the Black Hills, I>ad City.
Pyrola Elliptica, Nutt Shin-leaf.
On shady hillsides in the Black Hills.
Pyrola chlorantha, Sw. Greenish-flowered Wintergreen.
In woods in the Black Hills.
Pyrola secunda, L. One-sided Wintergreen.
In deep shady ravines in the Minnesota valley and in
the Black Hills.
Pyrola rotundifolia bracteata, (Nutt.) Gray.
In a cold bog near Sylvan lake in the Black Hills.
MONOTROPACE^. Indian Pipe Family.
Pterospora andromedea, Nutt Pine Drops.
In woods in the Black Hills; Custer and Rapid City.
Moiiotropa imiflora, L. Indian Pipe.
In deep, wooded ravines in the Minnesota valley; Rob-
erts county.
ERICACEAE. Heath Family.
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Spreng. Red Bearberry.
On dry knolls in the Black Hills, and in the adjacent
plains; Custer, and the Bad Lands.
VACCINEACE^. Huckleberry Family.
Vaccinium myrtillus microphyllum, Hook. Bilberry,
Whortleberry.
In the Black Hills.
x8i
. Primrose Family.
Androsace occidentals, Pursh. Androsace.
In dry soils from the Missouri valley eastward ; com-
mon.
Androsace septentrionalis, L. Mountain Androsace.
In the Black Hills, Custer.
Androsace septentrioiialis subulifera, Gray.
In the foothills of the Black Hills; near Rapid City.
Steironema ciliaum, (L.) Raf. Fringed Loosestrife.
Lysimachia ciliata, L,.
In damp thickets from the Missouri valley eastward,
and in the Black Hills; common.
Naiimbergia thrysiflora, (L.) Duby. Tufted Loosestrife.
Lysimachia thyrsiflora, L.
In cold spring bogs in the Minnesota valley near Elk-
ton in the Sioux valley, and in the Black Hills.
Centunciilus minimus, L. Chaffweed.
In the upper Missouri valley, (Wai worth and Potter
counties) and the Black Hills.
Dodecatheon media, L. Shooting Star, American Cow-
slip.
On moist banks in the Black Hills; Rapid City, and
Custer.
OLEACE^E. Olive Family.
Fraxiniis laiiceolata, Borck. Green Ash.
Fraxinus viridus, Michx. F.
Abundant along streams and bordering lakes through-
out the state.
Fraxinus Peimsylvaiiicus, Marsh. Red Ash.
Fraxinus pubescens, L/am.
With the last throughout the state and rather more
common.
182
Fraxiims Americana, L. White Ash.
This has been repeatedly reported for this state, but
the most authentic account of it in the state is the fol-
lowing from Prof. Williams' note book: "Twigs sent by
Mr. Jones from Sioux Falls to Dr. Trelease were pro-
nounced to be this species." If it occurs in the Minne-
sota or Sioux regions it is exceedingly rare, as for two
summers special effort has been made to detect it.
GENTIANACE^. Gentian Family.
Gentiana cletoiisa, Rottb. Fringed Gentian.
Gentiana serrata, Gunner.
In cold spring bogs in the Minnesota valley; one sta-
tion in the Sioux valley; Elkton.
Gentiana acuta, Michx. Northern Gentian.
Gentiana amarella acuta, Herder.
Near Custer in the Black Hills.
Gentiana puberula, Michx. Downy Gentian.
Common on prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux val-
leys.
Gentiana Andrewsii, Griseb. Closed Gentian.
In low places in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys;
common.
Frasera speciosa, Dougl. Showy Frasera.
On dry, barren knolls in the Black Hills.
Tetragonantlms deflexus, (J. E. Smith.) Kuntze.
Spurred Gentian.
Swertia deflexa, J. E. Smith.
In woods in the Black Hills.
MENYANTHACE.E. Buckbean Family.
Menyanthes trifoliata, L. Buckbean. Bogbean.
In a cold spring bog near Elkton in the Sioux valley.
i 3
APOCYNACE^E. Dogbane Family.
Apocyimm androsaemifolium, L. Spreading Dogbane.
In thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and in
the Black Hills.
Apocyimm cannabiimm, L. Indian Hemp.
On dry banks from the Missouri valley eastward.
ASCLEPIADACE.E. Milkweed Family.
Asclepias tuberosa, L,. Pleurisy Root. Butterfly Weed.
In thickets in the southern part of the Sioux valley;
Union county.
Asclepias iiicarnata, L. Swamp Milkweed.
In swamps from the Missouri valley eastward.
Asclepias syriaca, L. Common Milkweed.
Asclepias Cornuti, Dec.
On prairies and in thickets in the Minnesota and
Sioux valleys.
Asclepias speciosa, Torr. Showy Milkweed.
- In low ground in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Asclepias ovalifolia, Dec. Oval-leaved Milkweed.
On prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and
in the Black Hills; rare.
Asclepias verticillata, L,. Whorled Milkweed.
Common on banks and prairies from the Missouri val-
ley eastward.
Asclepias pumila, (Gray.) Vail. Low Milkweed.
Asclepias verticillata pumila, Gray.
Common on the dry plains from the Missouri valley
westward, seems to replace the last.
Acerates viridiflora, (Raf.) Eaton. Green Milkweed.
Occasional in sandy soils throughout the state.
Acerates aiigustifolia, (Nutt.) Dec. Narrow-leaved
Milkweed.
In the Black Hills and the adjacent plains.
i8 4
Acerates lanugiiiosa, (Nutt.) Dec. Woolly Milkweed.
On prairies in the Sioux valley; rare.
CONVOLVULACE^E. Morniug Glory Family.
Evolvulus pilosus, Nutt. Evolvulus. In dry plains west
of the Missouri river and in the Black Hills.
Quamoclit coccinea hederifolia. Small Red Morning
Glory.
Introduced in gardens near Brookings.
I pmmra leptophylla, Torr. Bush Morning Glory.
In dry soils from the Missouri river to the Black Hills.
I ponnra hederacese, Jacq. Ivy-leaved Morning Glory.
A bad weed in fields in the Sioux valley near Brookings.
Convolvulus sepiuin, L. Hedge Bindweed.
In thickets from the Missouri valley eastward and in
the Black Hills.
Convolvulus repeiis, L. Trailing Bindweed.
In cultivated and waste fields from the Missouri valley
eastward.
CuscuTACE^E. Dodder Family.
Cuscuta Epithymum, Murr. Clover Dodder.
On alfalfa in the Sioux valley in Brookings and Clark
counties, and in the Black Hills. An introduced paras-
ite, doing considerable damage to alfalfa wherever it
occurs in quantity.
Cuscuta arvensis, Beyrich. Field Dodder.
On various large herbs in the Minnesota valley and in
the Black Hills.
Cuscuta coryli, Engelm. Hazel Dodder.
Cuscuta inflexa, Engelm.
On large herbs throughout the state.
Cuscuta Gronovii, Willd. Gronovi's Dodder.
In the Sioux and Minnesota valleys; common.
Cuscuta paracloxa, Raf. Gloinerata Dodder.
Cuscuta glomerata, Choisy.
On composites in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
POLEMONIACE^;. Phlox Family.
Phlox pilosa, L. Downy Phlox.
On prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Phlox Kelseyii, Britton. Kelsey's Phlox.
In the Black Hills.
Phlox Doug-lassii, Hook. Douglass' Phlox.
Common in the Black Hills.
Phlox Douglassii aiidicola, Britton.
On dry table-lands in the Black Hills.
Gilia spicata capitata, Gray. Capitate Gilia.
On dry knolls in the Black Hills.
Collomia liiiearis, Nutt. Narrow-leaved Collomia.
Gilia linearis, Gray.
On dry soils from the Missouri valley westward; found
also in one station in the Sioux valley.
HYDROPHYU,ACE.E. Waterleaf Family.
Hydrophyllum Virginicum, L. Virginian Waterleaf.
Common in woods in the Minnesota valley; occasional
in the Sioux valley.
Macrocalyx Nyctalea, (I*.) Kuntze. Nyctalea.
Ellisia nyctalea, L.
Common in shady, moist ground in the Minnesota
valley; less common in the Sioux, James and Missouri
valleys and in the Black Hills.
BORAGINACE^. Borage Family.
Heliotropium Curassavicum, I/. Seaside Heliotrope.
In saline soils in the James valley in Faulk and Beadle
counties.
1 86
Lappiila lappula, (L.) Karst. Burrseed. European
Stickseed.
Echinospermum lappula, Lehm.
Sparingly introduced in the Sioux valley.
Lappula reclowskii occideiitalis, (Wats.) Rydberg.
Western Stickseed.
Common from the Missouri river westward.
Lappula Virgiiiiana, (L.) Greene. Virginian Stickseed.
Echinospermum. Virginicum, L.
In dry woods in the Minnesota valley and the Black
Hills; rare.
Lappula floribuiicla, iLehm.) Greene. Large-flowered
Stickseed.
Echinospermum floribunda, Lehm.
In the Black Hills.
Lappula Americana, (Gray.) Rydberg. Nodding Slick-
seed.
Echinospermum deflexum Americanum, Gray.
In the Black Hills; rare.
Allocarya scopulorum, Greene. Mountain Allocarya.
In the southern Missouri valley; Charles Mix county.
Cryptanthe Patterson!!, (Gray.) Greene. Patterson's
Cryptantlie.
Krynitzkia Pattersonii, Gray.
In the Black Hills; Custer and Lead City.
< r.vptaiithe crassisepala, (T. & G.) Greene. Thick-
sepaled Cype.
Krynitzkia crassisepala, Gray.
In the Bad Lands, east of the Black Hills.
Oreocarya glomerata, (Pursh.) Greene. Clustered Oreo-
carya.
Krynitzkia glomerata, Gray.
In dry soils from the Minnesota valley westward.
i8 7
Merteiisia paniculata, (Ait.) Don. Tall Lungwort.
In the Black Hills; Rockford.
Merteiisia lanceolata, (Pursh.) DC. Lance-leaved Lung-
wort.
Common in thickets and on plains from the Missouri
valley westward.
Merteiisia Sibericus, (L.) Don. Siberian Lungwort.
Dr. Rydberg says: "A single fruiting specimen which
seems to belong to this species was collected at Rock-
ford.
Myosotis macrosperma, Engelm. Large-seeded Forget-
me-not.
Near Hot Springs in the Black Hills; rare.
Myosotis sylvatica, HofFm. Sylvan Forget-me-not.
In damp, rich places in the high parts of the Black
Hills.
Lithospermum caiiesceiis, (Michx.) Lehm. Hoary
Puccoon.
Common on prairies and in the edge of thickets from
the James valley eastward.
Lithospermum angustifolium, Michx. Narrow-leaved
Puccoon.
Common on prairies throughout the state.
Oiiosmodium Molle, Michx. Soft-hairy False Cromwell.
In prairies throughout the state; prefers sandy soil.
Echium vulgare, L. Viper's Bugloss.
Sparingly naturalized in the Sioux valley; Brookings.
VERBENACE^. Vervain Family.
Verbena urticsefolia, L. White Vervain.
In thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and
the southern part of the Missouri valley; Charles Mix
county.
1 88
Verbena hastata, L. Blue Vervain.
In thickets and moist places from the Missouri valley
eastward, and in the Black Hills.
Verbena stricta, Vent. Hoary Vervain.
In moist or dry soil throughout the state.
Verbena bracteosa, Michx. Large-bracted Vervain.
On prairies throughout the state; rare east of the Mis-
souri valley; more common westward.
Verbena bipinnatifida, Nutt.
On dry soil from the Missouri valley westward.
Lippia cimeifolia, (Tott.) Steud. Fogfruit,
Occasional in the James and Missouri valleys.
LABIAT^. Mint Family.
Teucrium Canadensis, L. Wood Sage. Germander.
In moist soil in the Sioux valley.
Teucrium occidentale, Gray. Hairy Germander.
In thickets in the Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys.
Scutellaria lateriflora, L. Mad-dog Skull Cap.
In low, shady places from the Missouri valley east-
ward.
Scutellaria parvula, Michx. Small Skull Cap.
On low prairies in the Minnesota, Sioux, James and
Missouri valleys.
Scutellaria galericulata, L. Marsh Skull Cap.
In damp ground from the Missouri valley eastward,
and in the Black Hills.
Agastache nepetoides, (I,.) Kuntze. Catnip. Giant
Hyssop.
Lophanthus nepetoides, Benth.
In the Minnesota valley and the southern part of the
Sioux valley, at Sioux Falls; Union county. Some of
the specimens from the Minnesota valley agree with
A. schrophulari&folia in the pubescence of the leaves
and stem, but have the small greenish yellow corolla of
A. nepetoides.
Agastache aiiethoidora, (Nutt.) Britton. Fragrant Giant
Hyssop.
Lophanthus anisatus, Benth.
In thickets from the Missouri valley eastward and in
the Black Hills.
Xepeta cataria, L. Catnip.
Sparingly introduced in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Dracocephaluni parviflorum, Nutt. American Dragon-
head.
In dry soils in the Sioux valley near Dell Rapids, and
in the Black Hills.
Prunella vulgaris, L. Selfheal.
In damp woods in the Black Hills.
Physostegia Virginiaiia, (L.) Benth. False Dragonhead.
In the Minnesota, Sioux and James valleys.
Leoiiurus cardiaca, L. Motherwort.
Naturalized in the Sioux valley near Sioux Falls.
Stachys palustris, L,. Hedge Nettle.
In the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and in the Black
Hills.
Stachys aspera, Michx. Rough Hedge Nettle.
Near Custer in the Black Hills.
Salvia lanceolata, Willd. Lance-leaved Sage.
On the dry plains from the Missouri valley westward.
Monarcla flstulosa, L. Wild Bergamont.
Common in thickets from the Missouri valley east-
ward, and in the Black Hills.
Monarda scabra, Beck. Pale Wild Bergamont.
Monarda fistulosa Mollis, Benth.
On prairies and plains in the Minnesota valley and
westward to the Black Hills.
Hedeoma hispida, Pursh. Rough Pennyroyal.
Common on dry prairies throughout the state.
Hedeoma Drummoiidii, Benth. Drummond's Penny-
royal.
In dry soils in the Black Hills, and in the adjacent
plains.
Hyssopus officinalis, L. Hyssop.
Sparingly naturalized in the Sioux valley near Brook-
ings.
Lycopus rubellus, Moench. Stalked Water Hoarhound.
In wet ground in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Lycopus Americanus, Muhl. Cut-leaved Water Hoar-
hound.
Lycopus sinuatus^ Ell.
Common in wet soils throughout the state.
Lycopus lucidus, Turcz. Western Water Hoarhound.
In swamps and bogs in the Minnesota and Sioux val-
leys.
Mentha Caiiadeiisis, L. American Wild Mint.
Common in moist soils throughout the state.
SOLANACE^. Potato Family.
Phy sails longifolia, Nutt. Long-leaved Ground Cherry.
In the Sioux and Missouri valleys and the Black Hills;
more common westward.
Phy sails laiiceolata, Michx. Prairie Ground Cherry.
On dry prairies throughout the state.
Physalis Virgiiiiaiia, Mill. Virginian Ground Cherry.
In thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys, and
in the Black Hills.
Physalis heterophylla, Nees. Clammy Ground Cherry.
In the Minnesota and southern Missouri valleys, and
in the Black Hills.
191
Physalis rotmidata, Rydb. Round-leaved Ground Cherry.
In the foothills of the Black Hills, and the adjacent
plains.
Solatium uigrnni, L,. Black Nightshade.
In the waste places from the Missouri valley eastward
and in the Black Hills.
Solaiiiim triflorum, Nutt. Cut-leaved Nightshade.
In waste places in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys,
and in the Black Hills.
Solanum rostratum, Dunal. Texas Thistle. Beaked
Nightshade.
On dry prairies and in waste places throughout the
state. From the Missouri valley eastward it is found in
waste places, apparently introduced from the west. On
the plains west of the Missouri river it is more abundant
and apparently native.
SCHROPHULARIACE^. Figwort Family.
Verbascum thapsus, L. Mullen.
Introduced into the southeastern part of the state, and
in the Black Hills; rare.
Linaria linaria, (L.) Karst. Butter-and-eggs, Yellow Toad
Flax.
Linaria vulgaris, Mill.
Sparingly naturalized in the Sioux valley.
Linaria Canadensis, (L.) Dumont. Blue Toad Flax.
In dry soils in the Black Hills.
Schroplmlaria Maryjandica, L. Heal-all. Maryland
FigworL
Schrophularia nodosa Marylandica, Gray.
In thickets from the Missouri valley eastward, and in
the Black Hills.
Pentstemon cristatus, Nutt. Crested Beard-tongue.
On dry bluffs in the Missouri valley and in the Black
Hills.
192
Pentstemoii albidus, Nutt. White Beard-tongue.
On prairies from the Missouri valley eastward, and in
the Black Hills.
Pentstemoii gracilis, Nutt. Slender Beard-tongue.
Common on prairies from the Missouri valley east-
ward, and in the Black Hills.
Peiitstemon grandiflorus, Nutt. Large Flowered Beard
tongue.
On dry knolls and banks of ravines throughout the state.
Peiitstemon glaber, Pursh. Smooth Beard-tongue.
On low prairies from the Missouri valley westward.
Pentstemon angustifolius, Pursh. Pale Beard-tongue.
Near Hot Springs in the Black Hills, rare.
Pentstemoii Jamesii, Benth. James' Beard-tongue.
On table-lands near Hot Springs in the Black Hills.
Colliiisia parvtflora, Dougl. Small-flowered Collinsia.
On dry hill sides in the Black Hills.
Mimulus ringens, L. Monkey Flower.
Along streams in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Mimulus Jamesii, T. & G. James' Monkey Flower.
In bogs and swamps in the Minnesota valley and in
the Black Hills.
Mimulus luteus, L. Yellow Monkey Flower.
In damp, shady ground in the Black Hills near Lead
City.
Moimiera rotuiidifolia, Michx. Round-leaved Hedge
Hyssop.
Herpestris rotundifolia, Pursh.
In shallow pools and on muddy shores from the Mis-
souri valley eastward, and in the Black Hills.
Ilysanthes gratioloides, (L.) Benth. False Pempernel.
Ilysanthes riparia, Raf:
On muddy shores from the Missouri valley eastward.
193
Wulfeiiia rubra, (Hook.) Greene. Western Wulfena.
Synthris rubra, Benth.
On hill sides near Custer in the Black Hills.
Veronica Aiiagallis-aquatica, L,. Water Speedwell.
In brooks from the Missouri valley eastward and in
the Black Hills.
Veronica Americana, Schwein. American Brooklime.
In cold swamps in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
Veronica peregriiia, L. Neckweed.
In low ground from the Missouri valley eastward and
in the Black Hills.
Veronica officinalis, L. Common Speedwell.
Sparingly introduced in the Sioux valley.
Leptandra Virginica, (L.) Nutt. Culver's Root.
Veronica Virginica, L.
On prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys; rare.
Oerardia Besseyaiia, Britton. Bessey's Gerardia.
Gerardia tenuiflora macrophylla, Benth.
On low prairies from the Missouri valley eastward.
Oerardia aspera, Dougl. Rough Gerardia.
On prairies from the Missouri valley eastward; com-
mon.
Castilleja acumiiiata, (Pursh.) Spreng. Painted Cup.
In woods in the Black Hills.
Castilleja sessiflora, Pursh. Prairie Painted Cup.
On dry bluffs and sandy knolls throughout the state;
much more common from the Missouri valley westward.
Orthocarpus luteus, Nutt. Yellow Orthocarpus.
Occasional in dry, sandy soils throughout the state.
Pedicularis lanceolata, Michx. Swamp Lousewort.
In swamps and low prairies in the Minnesota and
Sioux valleys.
i 9 4
Pedicularis Caiiadensis, L. Wood Betany. Lousewort.
In thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
LENTIBULARIACE^B Bladdderwort Family.
Utricularia vulgaris, L. Greater Bladderwort.
In clear water ponds and slow streams from the Mis-
souri valley eastward.
ORQBANCHACE^E. Broom rape Family.
Thalesia f asiculata, (Nutt.) Britton. Yellow Cancer Root.
Aphyllon fasiculatum, Gray.
In the Missouri valley and the Black Hills; rare.
Orobanche ludoviciana, Nutt. Louisiana Broomrape.
From the Missouri valley eastward and in the Black
Hills.
PHRYMACE^E. Lopseed Family.
Pliryma leplostachya, L. Lopseed.
la woops and thickets throughout the state.
PLANTAGINACE^E. Plantain Family.
Plantago major, L. Common Plantain.
Introduced into waste places throughout the state.
Plaiitago Rugelli, Dec. Rugel's Plantain.
Introduced into waste fields in the Sioux valley.
Plantago lanceolata, L. Ribwort.
Sparingly introduced into waste places in the Sioux
valley.
Plaiitago eriopoda, Torr. Saline Plantain.
In low alkaline places in the Minnesota and Sioux
valley.
Plaiitago Purshii, R. & S. Pursh's Plantain.
Plantago patagonica gnaphalioides, Gray.
Common on dry plains from the Missouri valley west-
ward.
Plantago aristata, Michx. Large-bracted Plantain.
Plantago patagonica aristata, A. Gray.
On the dry plains from the Missouri valley westward-
not common.
Plautago elongata, Pursh. Slender Plantain.
Plantago pusilla, Nutt.
On low damp prairies in the southern Missouri valley,
Aurora and Charles Mix counties.
RUBIACE^. Madder Family.
Galium Apariiie, L,. Cleaver. Goosegrass.
In woods and thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys and in the Black Hills.
Galium boreale, L. Northern Bedstraw.
In thickets and on banks from the Missouri valley
eastward and in the Black Hills.
Galium triflorum, Michx. Fragrant Bedstraw.
In woods and thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys and in the Black Hills; also extends up the
Missouri valley into Charles Mix county.
Galium trifldum, L. Small Cleavers.
In spring swamps in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Galium tinctorum, L. Wild Madder.
In low thickets in the Sioux valley.
CAPRIFOLIACE^. Honeysuckle Family.
Sambucus racemosus, L. Racemed Elder.
In canons in the Black Hills.
Sambucus canadeiisis, L. Sweet Elder.
In moist soil near Rapid City in the Black Hills.
Viburnum opulus, L. Cranberry Tree.
In damp ravines in the Minnesota valley (rare) and in
the Black Hills.
196
Viburnum Leiitago, L. Sweet Viburnum.
Common on wooded banks in the Minnesota valley
and in the Black Hills; occurs also near Sioux Falls in
the Sioux valley.
Liimaea borealis, L. Twinflower.
In woods in the Black Hills.
Symphoricarpus racemosus, Michx. Snowberry.
In thickets along streams and on dry banks through-
out the state.
Symphoricarpus pauciflorus, (Robbins) Britton. Low
Snowberry.
Symphoricarpus racemosus pauciflorus. Robbins.
On rich wooded bluffs in the Minnesota valley and
in the Black Hills.
Symphoricarpus occideiitalis, Hook. Wolf Berry.
Occasional in thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Symphoricarpus Symphoricarpus, (L,.) MacM. Coral
Berry.
Symphoricarpus vulgaris, Michx.
On dry banks from the Missouri valley eastward.
L,oiiicera glaucescens, Rydberg. Douglas' Honey-
suckle.
Common in woods and ravines in the Minnesota val-
ley, in the Sioux valley near Sioux Falls and in the
Black Hills.
ADOXACE^. Moschatel Family.
Adoxa moschatelliiia, I/. Moschatel. Muskroot.
In the limestone region in the Black Hills.
VALERIANACE^. Valerian Family.
Valeriaiia edulis, Nutt. Tobacco Root.
In damp soil near Rockford in the Black Hills.
i 9 7
Valeriaiia sylvatica, Banks. Wood Valerian.
In moist soils in the Black Hills.
CUCURBITACE^. Gourd Family.
Micrampelis lobata, (Michx.) Greene. Wild Balsam
Apple.
Echinocystis lobata, T. & G.
In thickets along streams from the Missouri valley
eastward.
Sieyos angulatus, L. Burr Cucumber.
In thickets along streams in the southern part of the
state, east of the Missouri river; Yankton; Elk Point,
and Brookings.
CAMPANULACE^. Bell wort Family.
Campanula rotuiidifolia, L. Harebell.
On moist rocks in the Black Hills.
Campanula aparinoides, Pursh. Marsh Bellwort.
In wet ground in the Black Hills.
Campanula Americana, L. Tall Bellflower.
In thickets in the Missouri valley from Yankton south-
ward and up the Sioux valley to Sioux Falls.
Legouzia perfoliata, (L.) Britton. Venus Looking-glass.
Specularia perfoliata, A. DC.
In the southern Missouri valley (Charles Mix county),
and in the Black Hills.
Lobelia syphilitica, I/. Blue Cardinal Flower.
Common in low moist ground in the Minnesota and
Sioux valleys and in the Black Hills.
Lobelia spicata hirtella, Gray. Prairie Lobelia.
Common on low praires from the Missouri valley east-
ward.
Lobelia Kalmii, L. Brook Lobelia.
In cold spring bogs in ravines in the Minnesota valley.
198
CICHORIACE^E. Chicory Family.
Tragopogon pratensis, L. Meadow Salsify.
Naturalized in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Taraxacum Taraxacum, (L.) Karst Dandelion.
In lawns and and waste fields from the James valley
eastward and in the Black Hills.
Soiichus asper, (L.) All. Spiny Sow Thistle.
In waste places from the Minnesota valley eastward
and in the Black Hills.
L<actuca Scariola, L. Prickly Lettuce.
In fields and waste places from the Missouri valley
eastward ; not abundant.
Lactuca Ludoviciana, (Nutt.) DC. Western Lettuce.
Common on shady banks from the Missouri valley
eastward and in the Black Hills.
Lactuca Canadensis, L. Tall Lettuce.
In most thickets in the Sioux and James valleys.
Lactuca pulchella, (Pursh.) DC. Large-flowered Blue
Lettuce.
In low places from the Missouri valley eastward and
in the Black Hills.
Lactuca spicata, (Lam.) Hitch. Tall Blue Lettuce.
Lactuca leucophcea, Gray.
In moist thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Lygodesmia juncea, (Pursh.) D. Don. Rush-like Lygo-
desmia.
Common on breaking from the Missouri valley east-
ward and on dry plains from the Missouri valley west-
ward.
Agoseris glauca, (Pursh.) Greene. Large-flowered Agos-
eris.
Troximon glaucum, Pursh.
On prairies and plains throughout the state.
Agoseris parviflora, (Nutt.) Greene. Small-flowered
Agoseris.
Troximon glaucum parviflorum, Gray.
In the Black Hills and the adjoining plains.
Agoseris scorsonera3folia, (Schrad.) Greene. Western
Agoseris.
On railroad embankments near Custer, Black Hills.
Nothocalai cuspidata, (Pursh.) Greene. False Calais.
Troximon cuspidatum, Pursh.
On prairies from the Missouri valley eastward.
Crepis rmicinata, (James.) T. & G. Naked Stemmed
Hawksbeard.
In low moist soils in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys
and in the Black Hills.
Hieracium umbellatum, L. Narrow-leaved Hawkweed.
In damp ground in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
Hieracium Cauadense, Michx. Canada Hawkweed.
On shady banks in the Minnesota valley and in the
Black Hills.
Hieracium Fendleri, Schut. Fendler's Hawkweed.
On dry hills near Rockford in the Black Hills.
Nabalus albus, (L.) Hook. Rattlesnake Root.
Prenanthes alba, L.
In rich woods in the Minnesota valley.
Nabalus asper, (Michx.) T. & G. Rough White Lettuce.
Prenanthes asper, Michx.
On low prairies in the Minnesota, Sioux, James, and
southern Missouri valleys and the Black Hills.
Nabalus racemosus, (Michx.) DC. Glaucous White Let-
tuce.
Prenanthes racemosa, Michx.
On low prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys
and in the Black Hills.
AMBROSIACE^. Ragweed Family.
Iva axillaris, Pursh. Small-flowered Marsh Elder.
In dry alkaline soils from the Missouri valley west-
ward.
Iva xanthiifolia, (Tresen.) Nutt. Burweed. Marsh Elder.
In waste places from the Missouri valley eastward and
in the Black Hills.
Ambrosia triflda, L. Great Ragweed. Bitterweed.
In thickets and waste places from the Missouri valley
eastward.
Ambrosia trifida integrifolia, (Muhl.) T. & G.
With the type, common.
Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, L. Ragweed.
Abundant in waste places along roads and in culti-
vated field from the Missouri valley eastward, rare in
the Black Hills.
Ambrosia psilostachya, DC. Western Ragweed,
In light soils throughout the state; more common trom
the Missouri valley westward.
Gaertneria discolor, (Nutt.) Kuntze. White-leaved
Gaertneria.
Franseria discolor, Nutt.
In dry soils in the Black Hills and the adjoining plains.
Xanthium Caiiadeiise, Mill. American Cocklebur.
On loose, sandy soils bordering streams and lakes
from the Missouri valley eastward.
COMPOSITE. Thistle Family.
Vernonia fasciculata, Michx. Western Iron Weed.
Common in low places from the Missouri valley east-
ward.
Eupatorium maculatum, L. Spotted Joe-Pye Weed.
In swampy ground in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys
and the Black Hills.
201
Eupatorium maculatum amoenum, (Pursh.) Britton.
In low ground in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Quite distinct from the type.
Eupatorium altissimuin, L. Tall Thoroughwort.
In dry soils, near timber, in the James, Sioux and
Minnesota valleys and the Black Hills.
Eupatorium perfoliatum, L. Boneset.
In swamps in the Minnesota valley, in the eastern part
of the Sioux valley and in the Missouri valley near Run-
ning Water.
Eupatorium ageratoides, L. F. White Snakeroot.
On wooded bluffs in the Minnesota, Sioux, and south-
ern James valleys, and extending up the Missouri valley
to Charles Mix county.
Kulmia glutiiiosa, Ell. Prairie False Boneset.
Kuhnia eupatorioides corymbulosa, T. & G.
On prairies throughout the state, but rare west of the
Missouri river.
L-acinaria squarrosa, (I,.) Hill. Colicroot.
Liatris squarrosa, Willd.
In the southern Missouri valley; Yankton, Running
Water and Charles Mix county.
Laciiiaria punctata, (Hook.) Kuntze. Dotted Button
Snakeroot
Liatris punctata, Hook.
On prairies and plains throughout the state, very com-
mon. A form with creamy white flowers is found.
Lacinaria scariosa, (L.) Hill. Large Button Snakeroot.
Blazing Star.
Liatris scariosa, Willd.
From the Missouri valley eastward and in the Black
Hills; common.
Lacinaria spicata, (L.) Kuntze. Dense Button Snake-
root. Devil's Bit.
202
Liatris spicata, L.
In low prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Outierrezia Sarothrse, (Pursh.) Britt. & Rusby. Gutier-
rez ia.
Gutierrezia Euthamice, T. & G.
On the dry plains from the Missouri valley west-
ward.
Griiidelia squarrosa, (Pursh.) Dunal. Broad-leaved
Gum Plant.
In dry soil throughout the state. It is becoming a
weed in waste places in the eastern part of the state.
Ckrysopsis villosa, (Pursh.) Nutt. Hairy Golden Aster.
Common in dry soil from the Missouri valley east-
ward and in the Black Hills. Many of the western
forms are very close to C. hispida.
Chrysothamnus Douglasii, (Gray.) Douglas's Rayless
Goldenrod. -
Bigelovia Douglasii, Gray.
In dry alkaline soils from the Missouri valley west-
ward to the Black Hills.
Eriocarpum grindelioides, Nutt. Rayless Eriocarpum.
In dry soils in the Black Hills and the surrounding
plains.
Eriocarpum spinulosum, (Nutt.) Greene. Cut-leaved
Eriocarpum.
Aplopappus spinulosus.
In dry soils throughout the state; but rare in the Min-
nesota and Sioux valleys, common westward.
Solidago flexicaulis, L. Broad-leaved Goldenrod.
Solidago latifoiia, L.
On shady banks in the Minnesota valley.
Solidago erecta, Pursh. Slender Goldenrod.
On dry knolls in the Black Hills.
20 3
Solidago rigidiuscula, (T. & G.) Porter. Slender Showy
Goldenrod.
Solidago speciosa rigidiuscula, T. & G.
In dry soils in the Missouri and Sioux valleys. Rare.
Solidago arguta, Ait. Cut-leaved Goldenrod.
In rich woods in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Solidago rupestris, Raf. Rock Goldenrod.
Occasional on rocky banks in the Minnesota and
Sioux valleys and in the Black Hills.
Solidago serotiiia, Ait. Late Goldenrod.
In thickets and low places throughout the state except
the Black Hills.
Solidago Missourieiisis, Nutt. Missouri Goldenrod.
On prairies throughout the state.
Solidago Canadeiisis, L. Canada Goldenrod.
From the Missouri valley eastward and in the Black
Hills; common in thickets and on low prairies.
Solidago Caiiadeiisis procera, (Ait.) T. & G.
Range the same as the type.
Solidago Caiiadeiisis gilvos canesceiis, Rydberg.
In dry soil in the Minnesota valley.
Solidago nemoralis, Ait. Field Goldenrod. Dyers
Weed.
On dry banks and hills throughout the state.
Solidago Radula, Nutt. Western Rough Goldenrod.
In dry soils throughout the state.
Solidago rigida, L. Hard-leaved Goldenrod.
On prairies throughout the state. The most abundant
of all the species.
Euthamia graminifolia, (L.) Nutt. Fragrant Goldenrod.
Solidago lanceolata^ L.
In moist soils in the Minnesota, Sioux, and James
valleys and in the Black Hills.
204
Euthamia Caroliuiaua, (L.) Greene. Slender Fragrant
Goldenrod.
Solidago tenuifolia, Pursh.
A single specimen of the species was collected in the
Black Hills by Mr. Carter in 1897.
Boltoiiia asteroides, (Iy.) L'Her. Aster-like Boltonia.
In low moist soils from the Missouri valley eastward.
Aster Liiid ley anus, T. & G. Ivindley's Aster.
In low ground in the Minnesota valley.
Aster sagittifolius, Willd. Arrow-leaved Aster.
In dry soils in the Minnesota valley.
Aster Novse-Aiigliae, L. New England Aster.
In thickets in the Minnesota, Sioux, and James
valleys.
Aster oblongifoliuSj Nutt. Aromatic Aster.
In dry soils from the Missouri valley eastward; the
plant is most abundant on dry gravelly hillsides.
Aster Isevis, L. Smooth Aster.
On sandy banks of streams from the Missouri valley
eastward and in the Black Hills.
Aster patulus, Lam. Spreading Aster.
In the Black Hills near Custer.
Aster junceus, Ait. Rush Aster.
In cold spring bogs in the Minnesota valley, in the
extreme eastern part of the Sioux valley and in the
Black Hills.
Aster sericeus, Vent. Western Silky Aster.
On dry prairies in the Minnesota, Sioux, and James
valleys; common.
Aster ptarmicoides, (Nees.) T. & G. Upland White
Aster.
In dry rocky or gravelly soils throughout the state.
Aster dumosus, L. Bushy Aster.
In damp, sandy soils in the Sioux valley.
205
Aster salicifolius, Lam. Willow Aster.
In low wet ground in the vicinity of streams, through-
out the state. 1
Aster paniculatus, Lam. Panicled Aster.
In low, damp ground from the Missouri valley east-
ward.
:
Aster lateriflorus, (L.) Britton. Starved Aster.
Aster diffussis, Ait.
On shady banks in the Sioux valley.
Aster multiflorus, Ait. Dense-flowered Aster.
In dry soils, especially that have been broken, from
the Missouri valley eastward.
Aster iiicaiiopilosus, (Lindl.) Sheldon. White Prairie
Aster.
Aster commutatus, A. Gray.
On dry prairies throughout the state.
Aster Sibiricus, L. Siberian Aster.
Near Custer in the Black Hills.
Aster falcatus, Lindl.
Reported for the Black Hills in Gray's list, Newton
and Jenney's report in the Geological survey of the
Black Hills in 1880.
Machreranthera sessiliflora, (Nutt.) Greene. Viscid
Aster.
On the dry plains from the Missouri valley westward.
Erigeroii asper, Nutt. Rough Erigeron.
Erigeron glabellus, Nutt.
In dry soils in the Black Hills.
Erigeron sufotriiiervis, Rydberg. Three-nerved Flea-
bane.
On shaded hillsides in the Black Hills.
Erigeron pumilus, Nutt. Low Erigeron.
On the dry plains from the Missouri valley westward.
206
Erigeron caiius, Gray. Hoary Erigeron.
In dry soils in the Black Hills and the adjacent plains.
Erigeron compositus, Pursh. Dwaif Fleabane.
On exposed soils in the Black Hills.
Erigeron flagellaris, Gray. Running Fleabane.
In rich soils in the Black Hills.
Erigeron salsugiiious, Gray.
In dry soils in the foothills of the Black Hills and the
adjacent plains.
Erigeron pulchellus, Michx. Robin's Plantain.
Erigeron bellidifolius, Muhl.
On banks of streams in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Erigeron Philadelphicus, I/. Skevish.
In low ground in the Minnesota, Sioux, and James
valleys and in the Black Hills.
Erigeron annuus, (L.) Pers. Sweet Scabious.
On low prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Erigeron ramosus, (Walt.) B. S. P. Daisy Fleabane.
Erigeron strigosus> Muhl.
In low ground and on banks throughout the state.
Erigeron ramosus Beyrichii, (F. & M.) Smith & Pound.
In the Black Hills.
Erigeron armerifolius, Turcz. Mountain Fleabane.
In wet meadows in the Black Hills.
Leptilon Canadense, (L.) Britton. Horseweed.
Erigeron Canadensis, L,.
Throughout the state; common in the eastern part of
the state; rare from the Missouri valley westward.
Leptiloii divaricatum, (Michx.) Raf. Purple Horse-
weed.
Erigeron divaricatus, Michx.
In sandy soils in the Missouri valley in Walworth
county, rare.
20 7
Doellingeria umbellata, (Mill.) Nees. Flat-topped
White Aster.
Aster umbellatus, Mill.
In swampy places in shaded ravines in the Minnesota
valley.
Filago prolifera, (Nutt.) Britton. Filago.
Evax prolifera, Nutt.
On dry hills near Hot Springs in the Black Hills.
Anteimaria dioica, (L.) Gaertn. Mountain Everlasting.
In the borders of open woods in the Black Hills.
Anteimaria iieodioica, Greene. Smaller Cats-foot.
In shady places in the Black Hills. Two of Dr. Ryd-
'berg's specimens; 795 collected near Hermosa, 793 near
Hot Springs are also referred to this species. They differ
from the type in having the leaves tomentose above.
Aiitennaria campestris, Rydberg. Prairie Cats-foot.
On prairies throughout the state; this is the common
species which has been regarded as a form of A. plant-
aginifolia which has not yet been collected in the state.
It is likely that it occurs in the open woods in the Min-
nesota and Sioux valleys.
Anteimaria Aprica, Greene.
In the Bad Lands.
Aiitennaria parvifolia, Nutt.
Along Spring Lake in Brown county.
Aiiaphalis margaritacea, (L.) .B. & H.
Antennaria margaritacea, Hook.
In dry soils in the Black Hills.
Silphium perfoliatum, L. Cup Plant.
In moist thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Silphium laciiiiatnm, L. Compass Plant.
In the southern part of the Sioux, James and Missouri
valleys. Sioux Falls, Yankton, Charles Mix counties.
208
Heliopsis scabra, Dunal. Rough Ox Eye.
Common in thickets and open woods from the Missouri
valley eastward. Occasional westward along the White
and Bad rivers.
Rudbeckia hirta, L. Black-eyed Susan.
On prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and
in the Black Hills.
Kudbeckia laciiiiata, L. Green-headed Coneflower.
In thickets in the Minnesota, Sioux, and southern
Missouri valleys as far north as Charles Mix county.
Ratibida pinnata, (Vent.) Barnhart. Gray-headed Cone-
flower.
Lepachys pinnata, T. & G.
On low prairies in the Sioux valley.
Ratibida columnaris, (Sims.) D. Don. Prairie Coneflower.
Lepachys columnaris, T. & G.
On prairies from the Missouri valley eastward and in
the Black Hills.
Brauneria pallida, (Nutt.) Britton. Pale Purple Cone-
flower.
Echinacea angustifolia, DC.
Common on prairies from the Missouri valley east-
ward and in the Black Hills.
Helianthus animus, L. Common Sunflower.
Common throughout the state.
Helianthus petiolaris, Nutt. Prairie Sunflower.
O^ dry prairies throughout the state; rare from the
James valley eastward.
Helianthus scaberrimus, Ell. Stiff Sunflower.
Helianthus rigidus, Desf,
Abundant on dry prairies throughout the state.
Helianthus Maximiliani, Schrad. Maximilian's Sun-
flower.
On rather low prairies throughout the state.
209
Heliaiithus grosse-serratus, Martens. Saw-toothed Sun-
flower.
In low ground in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys;
common.
Heliaiithus tuberosus, L. Jerusalem Artichoke.
In moist soils in the vicinity of streams, from the
Missouri valley eastward.
Helianthus tuberosus subcauesceiis, Gray.
In the Sioux valley; rare.
Helianthella quinquenervis, (Hook.) Gray. Five-nerved
False Sunflower.
On dry knolls in the Black Hills.
Balsamorhiza sagittata, (Pursh.) Nutt. Balsamroot.
In the Black Hills.
Coreopsis tiiictoria, Nutt. Garden Tickseed.
In moist soils from the Missouri valley eastward.
Cereopsis palmata, Nutt. Stiff Tickseed.
In the Sioux valley near Sioux Falls; rare.
Bideiis laevis, (L.) B. S. P. Smooth Burr Marigold.
In wet meadows in the Black Hills.
Bideiis ceriiua, !,. Nodding Burr Marigold.
In wet soils from the Missouri valley eastward.
Biclens connata, Muhl. Purple-stemmed Beggartick.
In swamps in the Sioux valley.
Bideiis frondosa, L. Sticktight.
In moist soils from the Missouri valley eastward.
Hymenopappus tenuifolius, Pursh. Woolly Hymeno-
pappus.
On dry plains from the Missouri valley westward.
Hymenopappus fllifolius, Hook. Tufted Hymenopappus.
On dry prairies from the Missouri valley westward.
Bahia oppositifolia, Nutt. Bahia.
On dry plains from the Missouri valley westward.
210
Picracleiiia acaulis, (Nutt.) Britton. Stemless Picradenia.
Actinella acaulis, Nutt.
In dry, gravelly or sandy soils in the Black Hills, and
on the hills and buttes from the Missouri valley westward.
Helenium autumiiale, L,. Sneezewort.
In low, wet places in the Minnesota, Sioux and James
valleys.
Gaillarclia arista! a, Pursh. Great Flowered Gaillardia.
On dry gravelly banks and knolls in the Minnesota
valley and the Black Hills.
Dysodia papposa, (Vent.) A. S. Hitchcock. Fetid Mari-
gold.
Dysodia chrysanthemoides, Lag.
In low places along streams from the James valley
westward. In many places in the Missouri valley it has
become a bad weed.
Achillea Millefolium, L. Yarrow.
In fields and waste places in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys, and in the Black Hills.
Anthemis Cotula, L. Mayweed.
In waste places from the Missouri valley eastward and
in the Black Hills.
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum, L. White Daisy.
Sparingly introduced in the Sioux valley.
Tanacetum vulgare, L. Tansy.
Escaped from gardens in the Sioux and James valleys,
rare.
Artemisia Canatlensis, Michx. Canada Wormwood.
On sandy hillsides in the Black Hills.
Artemisia caudata, Michx. Wild Wormwood.
In sandy soils throughout the state.
Artemisia dracunculoides, Pursh. Common Worm-
wood.
In thickets and on prairies throughout the state.
an
Artemisia filifolia, Torr. Silvery Wormwood.
In the Bad Lands country just east of the Black Hills.
Artemisia frigida, Willd. Wormwood Sage.
In loose gravelly soils throughout the state.
Artemisia biennis, Wild. Biennial Wormwood.
Introduced from the Missouri valley eastward. A bad
weed, native of the Northwest Territory.
Artemisia serrata, Nutt. Saw-leaved Mugwort.
In thickets and on low ground, not common.
Artemisia longifolia, Nutt. Long-leaved Mugwort.
On the dry plains from the Missouri valley westward,
occasional in the James valley.
Artemisia giiaphalodes, Nutt. Prairie Mugwort.
Abundant on prairies throughout the state.
Artemisia caiia, Pursh. Hoary Sagebrush.
On the dry plains from the Missouri valley westward.
Petasites sagittata, (Pursh.) Gray. Sweet Coltsfoot.
In the Black Hills near Rochford.
Arnica cordifolius, Hook. Heart-leaved Arnica.
On shady hillsides in the Black Hills.
Arnica alpina, (L.) Olin. Arctic Arnica. Mountain To-
bacco.
In canons and on shady banks in the Black Hills.
Senecio iiitegerrimus, Nutt. Entire-leaved Groundsel.
Occasional in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys and in
the Black Hills.
Seiiecio lugens, Richards. Black Tipped Groundsel.
On prairies in the Sioux and James valleys and in the
Black Hills.
Senecio caiius, Hook. Silvery Groundsel.
In dry soils in the Black Hills, a common and variable
species.
212
Senecio Plattensis, Nutt. Prairie Ragwort.
In dry ground in the Black Hills.
Senecio Balsamit?e, Muhl. Balsam Groundsel.
Senecio aureus Balsamita?, T. & G.
On prairies from the Missouri valley eastward and in
the Black Hills; common.
Senecio aureus, L,. Golden Ragwort.
In low, wet ground in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Seuecio Douglasii, DC. Douglas' Ragwort.
In dry soils in the plains region, along the Cheyenne
river.
Senecio palustris, (L.) Hook. Marsh Ragwort.
In swamps in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Senecio vulgaris, L,. Common Groundsel.
Occurs in cultivated and waste ground in the Minne-
sota and Sioux valleys.
Senecio eremophilus, Richards. Mountain Ragwort.
On dry soils in the Black Hills.
Senecio rapifolius, Nutt.
In shady places in the Black Hills.
Senecio discoideus, (Hook.) Britton. Northern Squaw
Weed.
In moist ground in the Missouri valley, Charles Mix
county. The specimens are typical, except that the
achenes are sharply four-sided and hairy on the angles.
Arctium minus, Schk. Common Burdock.
Sparingly naturalized in shady waste places in the
southern part of the Sioux valley and in the Minnesota
valley.
Carduus altissimus, L. Roadside Thistle.
Cnicus altissimus, Willd.
In fields, woods and waste places in the Minnesota
and Sioux valleys.
213
Carduus discolor, (Muhl.) Nutt. Field Thistle.
Cnicus discolor, Muhl.
On prairies in the Minnesota and Sioux valleys.
Carduus Virginianus, L. Virginian Thistle.
Cnicus Virginianus, Pursh.
In woods and thickets in the Minnesota and Sioux
valleys.
Carduus undulatus, Nutt. Wavy-leaved Thistle.
Cnicus undnlatus, Gray.
On plains and prairies throughout the state.
Carduus ochrocentrus, (Gray.) Green. Yellow-spined
Thistle.
Cnicus ochrocentrus, Gray.
In dry soils in the Black Hills.
Carduus Plattensis, Rydberg. Prairie Thistle.
In sandy soils in the southwestern part of the state.
Carduus Drummoiidi, (Gray).
Cnicus Drummondi, Gray.
In damp meadows in the Black Hills.
Carduus Caruovireiis, Rydberg.
Collected near Sylvan lake in the Black Hills, by
Mr. L. W. Carter. Specimens sent Dr. Rydberg were
identified as this species.
Carduus arvensis, (L.) Robs. Canada Thistle.
Cnicus arvensis, Hoff.
Sparingly naturalized in the Sioux valley.
Centanrea Cyanus, L. Blue Bottle. Corn Flower.
Roadsides near Hot Springs in the Black Hills.
INDEX.
Abronia
Abutilon
PAGE
14 r
171
169
Acer .................... . ... T 69
Acetates .................... 183
Achillea ..... ................ 210
Acnida ...................... 140
Aconitum .................. 144
Acorus ...................... 1 25
Actinella .................... 210
Actaea ......... .............. 144
Acuan .............. ....... 158
Adder-Tongues .............. 103
Adiantum ................... 104
Adicea ...................... 135
ADOXACE^ .................. 196
Adoxa ...................... 196
Agastache ............. ..... 188
Agoseris .................... 198
Agrimonia ................... 156
Agropyron .................. 118
Agrostemma ................. 142
Agrostis ..................... 113
Alexander ................... 178
Alisma ...................... 108
AUSMACE.E ................. 108
Allium ...................... 127
Allionia ..................... 140
Allocarya ................... 186
Alopecurus .................. 112
Alsine ....................... 141
Alum-root ................... 152
AMARANTHACE^ ............ 140
Amaranths .................. 140
Amaranthus ................. 140
AMARYLLIDACE^; ........... 130
Amaryllis .................... 130
AMBROSIACE^ ............. 200
Ambrosia ................... 200
Amelanchier ................ 157
American Brooklime 193
American Mint 190
American Spikenard 176
Ammannia 174
Amorpha !6o
Ampelopsis 171
Amphicarpa 165
ANACARDIACB^ 169
Anaphalis 207
Andropogon 109
Androsace 181
Anemone 144
ANGIOSPERMS 106
Anogra 175
Antennaria 207
Anthemis 210
Aphyllon 194
Apios 165
Aplopappus 202
APOCYNACE^ 183
Apocynum 183
Apple Family 156
Aquilegia 144
Arabis 151
125
176
Aralia 176
Arctium 212
Arctostapylos 180
Arenaria 143
Argemone 147
Arisasma 125
Aristida in
Arnica 211
Arrhenatherum 114
Arrow-grass 108
Arrowhead 108
Artemisia 210
Artichoke 209
Arums 125
216
PAGE
183
Asclepias 183
Ash 181
Asparagus 128
Aspen 132
Asplenium 104
Aster 204
Astragalus '. . . 161
Atriplex 139
Avena 114
Avens 156
Bahia 209
BAI.SAMINACE^ 170
Balsamorrhiza 209
Balsam Poplar 132
Balsamroot 209
Baneberry 144
Barberry 147
Barnyard-grass 109
Basswood 171
Bastard Toad-flax 135
Batrachium 146
Bearberry 180
Beard-grass 109
Beard-tongues 192
Bear's-grass 128
Beckmannia 115
Beckwith's Clover 159
Bedstraws 195
Bellwort Family 197
Bellwort 127
Bent-grass 113
BBRBERIDACE^ 147
Berberis 147
Berula 179
BETULACE^E 133
Betula 133
Bicuculla 147
Bidens 209
Bigelovia 202
Bilberry 180
Bindweed 184
Birch 133
Bird's- foot Trefoil 160
Bittersweet 169
Bitterweed 200
Black Cherry 158
PAGE
Black-eyed Susan 208
Black Mustard 148
Black Raspberry .... 154
Black Snakeroot 177
Black Walnut 131
Bladder Campion 142
Bladder-pod 150
Bladderwort 194
Blazing Star 201
Blight 139
Blitum 139
Bloodroot 147
Blue Cohosh 147
Blue-eyed Grass 130
Blue Joint 1 14
Boltonia 204
Boneset 201
BORAGINAGB^ 185
Borage Family 185
Botrychium 103
Bottle Brush 1 76
Bouncing Bet 141
Bouteloua 115
Box Elder 170
Brachy ely trum 112
Brake 104
Brassica 148
Brauneria 208
Brewer's Cliff-brake 104
Brittle-fern 103
Brome 118
Bromus 118
Broomrape Family 194
Buckbean Family 182
Buckthorn Family 170
Buckwheats 135
Buffalo Berry 174
Buffalo Burr 164
Buffalo Clover 159
Buffalo Currant 153
Buffalo Grass 115
Buffalo Pea 161
Bug-seed 139
Bulbilis 115
Bulrush 121
Bunch-flowers 127
Bupleurum 179
2I 7
Burdock
PAGE
212
Catnip
PAGE
.'.. 188
Bur-head
108
Cat's-foot
207
Burning Bush
, 169
Cat-tails ;
106
Burr Cucumber
197
Caulophyllum
147
Bur-reed
106
Ceanothus
170
Burr Marigold
209
CELASTRACE^; . . .
169
Burr Oak
134
Celastrus
169
Bursa
150
Celtis
134
Bush Clover
164
Centaurea
213
Bushy Blue stem
109
Centunculus
181
Buttercups ...
144
Cerastium
142
Butterfly Weed
..... 183
CERATOPHYLI.ACB;
E 143
Button Snakeroo;
. . . . . 201
Ceratophyllum . . .
M3
C^SA^PINACE^e
158
Cercis
158
CACTACE^;
173
Cercocarpus
156
Cactus Family
173
Chaffweed
181
Cactus
173
Chamaenerion ....
174
Calamagrostis
H4
Cheeses
.- 171
Calamovilfa
"4
Cheilanthes
104
CAIvUTRICHACE^
168
Cenchrus
IIO
Callitriche
168
CHENOPODIACE^E
138
Calochortus
128
Chenopodium
138
Caltha
.... 144
Cherries
157
Camelirfb
150
Chickweed
MI
CAMPANULACE^;
197
Chicory Family . . .
198
Campanula
197
Choke Cherry
158
Canary Grass
no
Chrysanthemum . .
210
Cancer Root
194
Chrysopogon
109
Canoe Birch
133
Chrysothamnus .
202
Cannabis
134
ClCHORiACE^e
198
Caper Family
152
Cicuta
179
Capnoides
148
Cinna
113
CAPPARIDACE^
152
Cinquefoils
>54
CAPRIFOIvIACE^E
195
Circaea
176
Capsella
150
ClSTACE^E
172
Caraway
179
Clammy-weed
. 152
Cardatnine
Claytonia
141
Carduus
212
Clearweed
135
Carex
.... 122
Cleavers
195
Carrion Flower
129
Clematis
145
Carrot Family
Carum
177
179
Cleoma
Cliff-brake
152
104
CARYOPHYI^LACE^
141
Clovers
159
Cassia
158
Club Mosses
105
Castilleja
Catabrosa
193
116
Club Rushes
Cnieus
121
- 2I 3
Catchfly
Hi
Cocklebur
200
218
Colicroot
PAGE
201
CUSCUTACE^
PAGE
184
Collinsia
192
Cuscuta
184
Collomia
.... ... I8 5
Cup Plant
. . . . 207
Columbine
M4
Currant
153
Comandra
135
Cycloloma
139
COMMEWNACE^
126
Cymopterus
177
Compass Plant
207
CYPERACE^
1 20
COMPOSITE
200
Cyperus
120
CONVALLARIACE^ .
128
Cypripedium
.. . . 130
CONVOI<VUI,ACE^ . . .
I8 4
Cystopteris
103
Convolvulous
I8 4
Dactylis
116
Corallorhiza
131
Dakota Vetch
160
Coral-root . . . ,
131
Dalea
161
Cord-grass
"5
Dandelion
198
Coreopsis
209
Danthonia
i'5
Coringia
152
Daucus
.... 177
Corispernum
139
Delphinium
M4
CORNACE^
179
Deringia
179
Corn Cockle
142
Desmant.hus
158
Cornel
79
Desmodium
1 64
Cornflower
213
Dicentra
147
Cornus
- 179
DICOTYLEDON E- ...
J3t
Corydalis
148
Diplachne
Ji5
Corylus
133
Diosporum
'29
Cottonwood
132
Distchlis
116
Cotton-grass
121
Docks
136
Couch-grass
118
Dodder Family
184
Cow-herd
141
Dodecatheon
181
Cow-parsnip
i?7
Doellingeria
207
Cowslip
181
Dogbane Family
. ... 183
Crab-grass
109
Dogwood Family
179
Cranberry Tree
195
Dogwoods
..... 179
Crane's Bills
166
Dondia
139
CRASSULACE^
152
Draba
.... 150
Crataegus
157
Dracocephalum
189
Creeping Red Cedar. .
106
Dragonhead
189
Crepis
199
DRUPACE^
157
Cress
149
Dryopteris
.... 104
Crotalaria
159
Duckweeds
126
Croton
167
Dutchman's Breeches . . .
147
Crowfoots ,
H4
Dwarf Cornel
179
CRUCIFER^
148
Dvsodia
2JO
Cryptotcenia
179
Eatonia
116
Cryptanthe
186
Echinacea
208
Cuckoo-flower
150
Echinocystis
197
CUCURBITACE^
197
Echinodorus
108
Culver's Root
.193
Echinospermum
186
219
Echium
172
Elatine ...................... 172
Elder ....................... I95
EivAEAGNACE^ .............. 174
Elaeagnus ................... 174
Eleocharia .................. 120
Eel-grass .................... 108
Ellisia ...................... !8 5
Eltn ........................ 134
Ely mus ..................... IIQ
Enchanter's Nightshade ...... 176
Epilobium ................... 174
Equisetum .................. 105
EQUISETACE^ ............... 105
Eragrostis ................... 1 16
ERICACE^ ...... ............ 180
Erigeron .................... 205
Eriocarpum ................. 202
Eriogonum .................. 135
Eriophorum . ................ 121
Eryngium ................... 177
Erysimum ................... 151
Euonymus .................. 169
Eupatorium ................ 200
EUPHORBIACE^ ...... ....... 167
Euphorbia ........... ........ 167
Eurotia ..................... 139
Euthamia ................... 203
Evax ....................... 207
Evening Primrose Family. . . . 174
Evening Primrose ............ 174
Evolvulus ................... 184
FAGACE^ ............... . . 134
Falcata ...................... 165
False Indigo ................. 160
False Pimpernel ............. 192
False Red-top ............... 117
Fame-flower ................. 141
Ferns ........................ 103
Fescue ...................... 118
Festuca ..................... 118
Fetid Marigold .............. 210
Figwort Family .............. 191
Filago ....................... 207
Finger Grass ....... ._ ........ 109
Fireweed ........... * ........ 174
PAGE
Flag 130
Flax Family 166
Fleabanes 205
Flowering Plants 106
Fogfruit.... 187
Forget-me-not 187
Four-o'clocks 140
Foxtail no
Fragaria 154
Franseria 200
Frasera 182
Fraxinus 181
Fringed Orchis 131
Fritillaria 128
Frostweed 172
Gaertneria 200
Gaillardia 210
Galium 195
Garlics j 28
Gaura 176
Gayophy ton 1 76
GENTIANACE^ 182
Gentiana 182
Gentian Family 182
Gentians 182
GERANIACE^ 166
Geranium Family 166
Geranium J 66
Gerardia 193
Germander 188
Geum 156
Giant Hyssop 188
Gilia 185
Ginseng Family 176
Glasswort 139
Gleditsia 158
Glyceria 117
Glycyrrhiza ,, 164
Golden Aster 202
Goldenrods 203
Goodyera 131
Gooseberry 153
Goosefoots 138
Goosegrass 194
Gourd Family 197
GRAMINK^ '09
Grape Family. 170
220
Grape-fern .
Grapes
17
Grass of Parnassus ........... 152
Green Ash .......... , ........ 181
Greenbrier ................... 130
Grindelia .................... 202
Gromwell ................... 187
GROSSULARIACE^ ........... 153
Ground Cherry .............. 190
Groundnut .................. 165
Ground Pine ................ 105
Ground Plum ................ 161
Groundsel .................. 211
Gum Plant .................. 202
Gutierrezia .................. 202
Gymnocladus ............... 158
GYMNOSPERM^ ............. 105
Gymnosperms .............. 105
Gyrostachys ............ ..... 131
Habenaria ................... 130
Hackberry ................... 134
HAI/>RAGIDACE^ ............ 176
Harebell .................... 197
Hare's-ear Mustard .......... 152
Hazelnut ................... 133
Hawkweed ...... ........... 199
Heath Family ............... 180
Hedeoma .................. 189
Hedge Bindweed ............. 184
Hedge Hyssop ............... 192
Hedge Mustard .............. 148
Hedge Nettle ................ 189
Hedysarum ................. 164
Helenium ................... 210
Helianthella ................. 209
Helianthemum .............. 172
Helianthus ......... ......... 2(8
Heliopsis .................. 208
Heliotropium ............... 185
Hemp ...................... 134
Heracleum .............. . 177
Herpestis .................... 192
Heteranthera ............... 126
Heuchera .................... 152
Hibiscus .................... 171
Hieracium ................... 199
PAGE
Hierochloe 1 1 1
Hippuris 176
Hoarhound 190
Hog Peanut 165
Homalobus 163
Homalocenchrus no
Honewort 179
Honeysuckle Family 195
Hop Clover 159
Hops 134
Hordeum 119
Hornwort 143
Hosackia 160
Horseradish 149
Horse-tails 105
Horseweed 206
Huckleberry Family 180
Humulus 131
Hungarian Grass no
HYDROPHYLLACE^E 185
Hydrophyllum 185
Hymenopappus 209
HYPERICACE^ 171
Hypericum 171
Ilypoxis . 130
Hyssop 189
Hyssopus 190
Hysanthes 1 92
Impatiens..! 170
Indian Hemp 183
Indian Mallow 171
Indian Pipe Family 180
Indian Pipe 180
Indian Rice . . no
Indian Soapweed 1 28
Indian Turnip 125
Ipomcea 184
IRIDACE^ 130
Iris 130
Ironweed 200
Iron-wood 133
Iva 200
Isophorus no
Jewel-weed Family 1 70
JUNCACE^ 126
Juncus 1 26
Juncoides 127
221
_ PAGE
JUGDLANDACE^; 131
Juglans 131
June Berry 157
Juniper 106
Juniperus 106
Kentucky Blue-grass 116
Kentucky Coffee-tree 158
Knot-grass 137
Knot-weed 137
Koeleria 116
Krynitzkia 186
Kuhnia 201
Kunistera 161
LABIATE 188
Laciniaria 2^1
Lactuca 198
Ladies' Slipper 130
Ladies' Tresses 131
Lady-fern 104
Lamb'o quarters 138
Laporiea 135
Lappula 186
Larkspur 144
Lathyrus 165
Lead Plant 160
Leeks 127
Leersia . no
Legouzia 197
Lemna 126
LEMNACE^E 126
LENTIBUI^ARIACE^ 194
Leonurus 189
Lepachys 208
Lepargyrsea 174
Lepidium 148
Leptandra 193
Lepti'on 206
Lespedeza 164
Lesquerella 150
Lettuce -. 198
Leucocrinum 527
Lialris 201
Lithospermutn 187
LILIACB^ 127
Lilies 127
Liliutn 128
Lily of the Valley 128
LINAGES 166
Linaria jg X
Linden Family 17!
Linnaea j^g
Linum ,66
Lip-fern IO4
Little Club Mosses 1,5
LOASACE^v 173
Loasa Family 173
Lobelia 197
Loco-weed 163
Louicera 196
Loosestrife Family 174
Loosestrife 174
Lophanthus 189-
Lophotocarpus u.8
Lopseed 194
Lotus 160
Lousewort 193
Luetkea 154
Lungwort 187
Lupines 159
Lupinus 159
Lychnis 141
LYCOPODIACE^; 105
Lycopus 190
Lycopodiutn 105
Lygodesmia 198
Lysimachia 181
LYTHRACE^ 174
Lythrum 174
Machseranthera 205
Macrocalyx 185
Madder Family 194
Mahonia 147
Maiden-hair 104
Majanthemum 129
Male fern 104
Mallow Family 171
Malva 171
MALVACEAE 171
Malvastrum 171
Mamillaria 173
Manna Grass 117
Maple Family 169
Mariposa Lily 128
222
Marsh Foxtail
PAGE
112
Moss Champion
PAGE
142
Marsh Marigold
Moschatel Family
196
Marsilea
MARSILEACE^S;
Matthiola
Matricary Grape feru
Mayweed
. ... 104
. ... 104
.... 151
. ... 103
Motherwort
Mountain Ash
Mountain Rice
Mouse Tail
Mud Plantain
189
157
in
145
. 126
Meadow Grass
Meadow Parsnip
Meadow Rue
.... 117
.... 178
Muhlenbergia
Mulberry
Mullen
112
134
. . . 192
Meadow-sweet
Meibomia
. ... 154
164
Munroa
U5
. ..178
MEIvANTHACE^;
Melilotus .
. ... 127
Mustard Family
Myosotis
148
. ... 187
MENISPERMACE^E
Menispermum
Mentha . .
. . . . 147
. ... 147
Myosurus
Myriophyllum
Nabalus . ...
145
176
T 99
Mentzelia . . .
Naiad
.... 106
MENYANTHACE^
, ... 182
NAIADACE^ ,
106
Menyanthes
Meriolix.
. ... 182
*75
Naias
Nasturtium
.... 107
149
Mertensia
Mesquite Grass
.... 187
IIS
Naumbergia
Neckweed
i8r
.... 193
Micrampelis .
IQ7
Nepeta
189
Milk Purslane
Milk Vetches
Milkweed Family .
.... 167
. ... 162
18?
Nettles
Nightshades
Ninebark
...- 135
.... 191
.... 153
Milkwort Family . .
167
Northern spleauwort
.... 104
MiMOSACE^E
Mimosa Family
Mimulus
Mint Family
.... 158
.... 158
, ... 192
1 88
Nothocalia
NYCTAGINACE^E
Nymphsea
NYMPH^ACE^
.... 198
.... 140
.... 143
.... 143
Modesty
170
Oak -fern
.... 103
Moehringia
Monarda
MONOCOTYLEDONS .
... 143
... 189
106
Oat-grass
CEnothera
OLEACE^J
.... 114
.... 175
.... 181
Monkey Flower
Monkshood
... 192
Oleaster Family
.... 174
181
Monniera
I7S
Monolepis
ONAGRACE^E
174
Monotropa
... 180
Onoclea
IO 3
MONOTROPACE^v
Moonseed Family
... i So
147
Onosmodium
OPHIOGLOSSACE^E
.... 187
IO 3
MORACE^
1-34
Opulaster .
I 53
Morning Glory Family
Morongia
Moras. . .
... 184
... 158
, . 1T.A
Opuntia
Orchard-grass
ORCHIDACE^E. . .
.... 173
.... 116
. - no
22 3
PAGE
Orache ! 39
Oreocarya j86
Oregon Woodsia 103
Orchids x^o
OROBANCHACE^E 194
Orobanche 194
Orophaca 163
Orpine Family 152
Orthocarpus ! 93
Oryzopsis m
Osmorrhiza 178
Ostrich-fern 103
Ostrya I33
OXAUDACE^ 166
Oxalis ' !66
Ox Eye 208
Oxygraphis 146
Oxytropis 163
Pachylophus. 175
Painted Cup 193
Panicularia 117
Panicum 109
PAPAVERACE^E 147
PAPIUJONACE^ 158
Parietaria 135
Parnassia 152
Paronichia 143
Parosela 161
Parsley 177
Parsnip 178
Parthenocissus 170
Pasque Flower 145
Pastinaca 177
Pea Family 158
Pedicularis 193
Pellaea 104
Pellitory 135
Pennyroyal 189
Penthorum 152
Pentstemon 191
Pepper-grass - 148
Peramium 131
Persicaria 136
Petalostemon 161
Petasites 211
Peucedauum 177
Phaca 163
PAGE
Phalaris no
Phegoptoris 103
Philotria 108
Phleum 112
Phlox 185
Phlox Family 185
Phragmites 115
Phryma 194
PHRYMACE^; 194
Physalis 190
Physaria 150
Physostegia 189
Picea 105
Pickerel-weed 126
Picradenia 210
Pigeon grass no
Pigweed 138
Pilea 135
PINACE^. Pinus 105
Pine Drops 180
Pinks 141
PLANTAGINACE^ 194
Plantago 194
Plantain Family 194
Pleurisy Root 183
Plum Family 157
Poa 116
Poison Ivy 169
Poison Oak 169
Polanisia 152
Poi,EMONiACE^ 185
Polygala 167
POLYGALACH^ 167
POLYGONACE^ 135
Polygonatum 1 29
Polygomum ." 136
POIvYPODIACE^ 103
Polypodium 104
Polypody 104
POMACE^ 156
Pond Lily 143
Pond Weed 106
Poplar 132
Poppy Family 14?
Populus 132
Porcupine Grass in
Portulaca. 141
224
POR.TULACACB.fl5
PACK
. . 141
Reed Grass : . . .
PAGE
. . 11*
Potamogeton
. . 106
RHAMNACE^E . . .
170
IQO
Rhus .
PONTBDERIACE^
Potentilla
.. 126
. . 1^4
Ribes
Rice Cut-Grass .
153
Powder-horn
Prairie Clover
Prairie Turnip
.. 142
. .. 161
. .. 160
IQQ
Rock-cress
Rock Maple
Rocky Mountain Woodsia. .
Rock-rose Family
- . 151
.. I6 9
103
Prickly Ash
167
Roripa
148
Prickly Pear
Primrose Family
173
... 181
Rosa
ROSACE^
.. I 5 6
JC1
PRIMUI.ACE.S3
. 181
Roses "...
. is6
i8q
Rudbeckia
2O8
RUBIACE.SJ
Psoralea
PTERIDOPAYTKS
Pteris
pterospora
. .. 160
- 103
. . . 104
. . 180
Rubus
Rue Family
Rumex
Ruppia
154
.. 167
.. 136
. . 107
187
126
Purple-stemed Cliff-brake. .
Purslane
Pursley
. .. 104
. .. 141
141
Rush-grass
Russian Thistle
Rur AC E.#V
. . 112
'39
167
Pulsatilla
Pyrola ....
... 145
1 80
Sage
Sagebush ....
.. I8 9
PYROLACE^
1 80
Sagittaria
108
Pyrus ....
157
SALICACE^B
Quack-grass
Quamoclit
Quercus
... 118
. . .. 184
... 134
Salicornia
Salix
Salmon-berry
Salsify
139
... 132
... 154
ioS
Salsola
RANUNCULACE^
Ranunculus y
Ratibida
Rattle-box
... 144
... 146
... 208
ICQ
Sal via
Sambucus
Sand Cherry
Sand Burr
... 189
195
- 157
Rattlesnake Plantain. .'....
Rattlesnake Root
Rayless Goldenrod
Red Ash
... I 3 I
... I 99
. . . 202
181
Sandwort
Sanguinaria
Sanicula
SANTALACE.^
-.- 143
- 147
. .. 177
Redbud
158
Saponaria
Red Cedar
Red Osier
... 106
.... 179
Sarsaparilla
Savastana
... 177
. . . in
Redroot
RedtOD ..
.... 170
. . in
SAXIFRAGACE^
Saxifraees. . .
... 152
. . I<?2
225
Schedonnardus .
115
Snow berry
196
SCHEUCHZERIACF^
108
Soapwort
141
Schollera
126
Sofl Maple
169
Schrankia
158
SOI,ANACH^
190
Schrophularia
191
Solanutn
191
SCHROPHUI,ARIACE^E; . .
191
Solidago
. 202
Scirpus
121
Solomon's Seal
129
S^ouring-rush
105
Sonchus
198
Scutellaria
1 88
Sophia
150
Sedges
120
Sophora
158
Sedum
152
Sorbus
156
Selaginella
105
Sow Thistle
198
SE^AGINEI/IV VCE^ ....
105
SPARGANIACE^
1 06
Selfheal
189
Sparganium
1 06
Senaca Gras.-
irr
Spartina
II 5
Senecio
211
Spear-grass
H7
Senna Family
158
Specularia
'97
Sensitive-brier
158
Speedwells
'93
Sensitive fern
103
Spergula
143
Senitive Pea
158
SPERMOPHYTH-5 ...
i '5
Service Berry
J57
Spiderwort
126
Setaria
no
Spiesia
163
Sheep Sorrel
136
Spikenard
...... 128
Shepherdia
174
Spike-rushes
120
Shepherd's Purse
150
Spiraea
154
Shin-leaf
1 80
Spiranthes
131
Shoe-string
i6t
Spirocela
.126
Shooting Star
181
Spleenwort
104
Sickle-pod
151
Sporobolus
112
Sicyos
197
Spruce
105
Silene
141
Spurey
147
Silphium
207
Spurge Family
163
Silver-berry
174
Spurges
167
Silver Maple
169
Squaw Currant
'53
Sinapsis
148
Squirrel-tail-gras3
119
Sisymbrium
148
Stachys
189
Sisyrinchium
130
Staff-tree Family
'69
Sium
178
Staghorn Sumac
1 69
Skullcap
1 88
Stanleya
148
Skunk-bush
169
Star-grass
'30
vSlippery Elm
134
Steironema
181
Stnartweed
137
Stellaria
142
SMIIvACACE^
129
Stickseeds
186
Smilacina
128
Sticktight
209
Smilax
129
Stipa
in
Snakeroot
177
Stitch-wort
142
Sneezewort
2IO
St. Johns-wort Family . .
171
226
PAGE
Stock 151
Stonecrop .... 152
Strawberry 154
Streptopus 129
Strong-scented Eragrostis 1 16
Strophostyles 165
Sugar Maple 169
Sumac Family 169
Sunflower 208
Sweet Cicely 178
Sweet Clover 159
Sweet Coltsfoot 211
Sweet Flag 125
Sweet Locust 158
Swertia 182
Symphoricarpus 196
Syntherisma 109
Synthris 192
Talinum 141
Tall Marsh-grass 115
Tanacetum 210
Tansy 210
Tansey Mustard 150
Tape-grass 108
Taraxacum 198
Tare 165
Tellima 153
Teucrium 188
Texas Thistle 191
Thalaspi 148
Thalesia 194
Thalictrum 147
Thermopsis 159
Thin-grass 113
Thistle Family 200
Thistles 212
Thorn- apple 157
Thoroughwort 201
Tickseed 109
Tick -trefoils 164
Timothy 112
Tilia 171
TlUACK^ 171
Toad Flax 191
Toad Rush 126
Tobacco Root 196
Touch-me-nots 170
PAGE
Tower Mustard 151
Tradescantia 126
Tragopogon 198
Trailing Mahonia 147
Trifolium 159
Triglochin 108
Trillium 129
Iroximon 198
Tumble Weed 140
Tumbling Mustard 148
Turkey-foot Grass 109
Twinflower 195
Twist-foot 129
Ty pha 106
Typhaceae 106
ULMACE^ 134
Ulmus 134
Urrbrella-wort 140
UMBELLIFER^E 177
Umbelworts 177
Unifolium 1 29
Urtica 135
URTICACE^E 135
Urticastrum 135
Utricularia 194
Uvularia 127
Vaccaria 141
VACCINEACE^ 180
Vaccinium 180
Vagnera 128
Valerian 197
Valeriana 196
VALERINACE^ 196
Vallisneria 108
VALUSNERIACE^; 108
Venice Mallow 171
Venus-hair fein 104
Verbascum 191
Verbena. 187
VERBENACE^S 187
Vernonia 200
Veronica 192
Vervain Family 187
Vervains 187
Vesicaria 150
Vetch 164
Vetchlings 165
22 7
Viburnum
Viper's Bugloss
Viola
187
172
Voilet Family ............... I7 2
Virginia creeper ............ 170
Virginian Grape-fern ......... 103
Virgin's Bower .............. 145
Viscid Aster ..... ............ 205
VlTACE^J .................... I 7
Vitis ....................... I7 o
Wahoo ...................... 169
Wake-robin ................ 129
Wall-flower .................. 152
Walnut ...................... 131
Washingtonia ................ 178
Water-cress .................. 149
Water-crowfoot .............. 146
Water Fennel ................ 168
Water Helmock ............. 179
Water Hemp ................ 140
Water Hoarhound .......... . 190
Waterleaf Family ............ 185
Water Lilies ................. 143
Water Millfoil Family ........ 176
Water-Plantain ............. 108
Water Starwort Family ...... 268
Water Star-grass ............. 126
Waterwort .................. 172
Water- whirl[Grass ............ 1 16
Western Blight ............. 139
Western Ruppia .............. 107
Western Stipa ............... in
Western Water Hemp ........ 140
Western Wheat Grass ........ 119
Western Yellow Pine ........ 105
Wheat-grass ................. 118
White Ash .................. 181
White Campion .............. 141
Whita Clover ................ 159
White Daisy ................. 210
TAGE
White Elm 134
White Grass " no
White Mustard 148
White Sage 139
White Spruce 105
Whitlow-grass ... 150
WiMBean 165
Wild Bergamot 189
Wild Carrot 177
Wild Leeks 127
Wild Licorice 164
Wild Oats 114
Wild Onions. 127
Wild Parsnip 177
Wild Peas 165
Wild Plum 157
Wild Rice no
Wild Rye 119
Wild Sarsaparilla 177
Willow Herb 174
Willows 132
Wind Flower... 145
Wintergreen Family 180
Witch Grass. no
Wolfberry 196
Wolfsbane 144
Woodbine 170
Wood Nettle 135
Woodsia 103
Wood-sorrel Family 166
Wormwood 210
Wultenia 193
Xanthium 200
Xanthoxylum 167
Yarrow. 210
Yellow Pine 105
Yucca 128
ZANNICHEI.UA 107
Zizania no
Zizia 178
Zygademus 127
S3
THE LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
Santa Barbara
Goleta, California
THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE
STAMPED BELOW.
20m-3,'59(A552s4)476
ERRATA.
Page 101, 7th line, ior herberium, read herbarium.
Page 103, sth line, for matricarifoliura, read matricariaefolium.
Page 106, 4th line, insert (L) after Virginiana.
Page 107, soth line, for occideutalis, read occidentalis.
Page no, Sth line, for Capillare, read capillare.
Page no, i4th and isth lines, for Viridis and Viridis, read viridis and viridis.
Page in, 2oth line, for Spartea, read spartea.
Page 112, i4th line, for Sylvatica, read sylvatica.
Page 114, sth line, for macouniana, read Macouniana.
Page 114, 39th line, for Striata, read striata.
Page 115, ist line, for Danlhona, read Dauthonia.
Page 115, 3rd line, for Cynosuroides, read cynosuroides.
Page 115, igth line, for Curtipendula, read curtipendula.
Page 116, 4th line, for purshii, read Purshii.
Page 116, 6th line, for Major, read major.
Page 118, 24th line, Cough-grass, read Couch-grass.
Page 119, isth line, for Jubatum, read jubatum.
Page 119, soth line, for Elytnoides, read elymoides.
Page 126, 2nd line, for Spirodella, read Spirodela.
Page 126, nth line, for virginiana, read Virginiana.
Page 128, 27th line/ for Officinalis, read officinalis.
Page 128, soth line, for Spiknard, read Spikenard.
Page 129, 6th line, for ainqlexicaulis, read amplexicaulis.
Page 129, 22nd line, for Commutatum, read commutatum.
Page 130, i2th line, for augustifolium, read a ngusti folium.
Page 130, 27th, 3ist, 34th lines, for Cyprepedium, read Cypripediutn.
Page 133, I7th line, for virginica, read Virginica.
Page 139, 7th and Sth lines, for Cycloma, read Cycloloma.
Page 141, i6th line, for Silena, read Silene.
Page 141, igth and 2ist lines, Lychinis, read Lychnis.
Page 141, igth line, for Champion, read Campion.
Page 142, 12th, I4th, I7th and 2oth lines, for Silena, read Silene.
Page 142, I2th, I4th and i7th lines, for Champion, read Campion.
Page 143, 24th line, for oderata, read odorata.
Page 144, 28th line, for Fisher's, read Fischer's.
Page 145, sth line, for virginiana, read Virginiana.
Page 150, isth line, for Shepard's, read Sheperd's.
Page 153, I2th line, for Setosum, read setosum.
Page 153, isth line, for Riber, read Ribes.
Page 154, izth line, for nutkanus, read Nutkanus.
Page 154, 3ist line, for Vesca, read vesca.
Page 155, isth line, for hippiana, read Hippiana.
Page 155, 2oth line, for fruiticosa, read fruticosa.
Page 156, gth line, for Macrophyllum, read macrophyllum.
Page 156, I7th line, for Agrimonia, read Agromonia,
Page 156, aoth line, for Agrimonia, read Agromonia.
Page 156, 28th line, for woodesii, read Woodsii.
Page 161, i7th, 2ist, 26th and 3 ist lines, for Petahtemon. read Petalostemon.
Page 165, 2ist and zand lines, for Apois, read Apios.
Page 168, igth line, for dictyosporma, read dictyosperma.
3
Page 168, 25th line, for mountain, read montana.
Page 169, i6th line, for atropurpureous, read atropurpureus.
Page 170, 27th line, for Vulpina, read vulpiua.
Pa/- 171, ^th line, for Tilliacese, read Tiliaceze.
Page 171, loth line, for Sylvestris, read sylvestris.
Page 177, 5th line, for carrota, read carota.
Page 178, ist line, for canadensis, read Canadensis.
Page 178, 2nd line, for canadensis, read Canadensis.
Page 179, ijth line, for canadensis, read Canadensis.
Page 179, i8th line, for augustifolia, read ttngustifolia.
Page 180, 8th line, for Elliptica, read elliptica.
Page 184, zoth line, for Kpithymum, read epithymum.
Page 185, 2gth line, for Curassavicum, read curassavicum.
Page 187, 24th line, for Molle, read inolle, for Cromwell, Cromwell
Page 189, z8th and 3oth lines, for Bergamont, read Bergamot.
Page 203, 2sth line, for Radula, read radula.
Page 209, I7th line, Cereopsis, read Coreopsis.
THE LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
Santa Barbara
THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE
STAMPED BELOW.
