LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
in
580.5
FB
v. 13
pt. 3
no. 1-2
Biology
Return this book on or before the
Latest Date stamped below.
Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books
are reasons for disciplinary action and may
result in dismissal from the University.
University of Illinois Library
o
v'i
FEB 2 It 1S9B
L161 O-1096
FLORA OF PERU
BY
J. FRANCIS MACBRIDE
ASSOCIATE CURATOR OP THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OP BOTANY
THE LIBRARY Of THfc
of ti
BOTANICAL SERIES
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
VOLUME XIII, PART III, NUMBER 1
OCTOBER 11, 1943
PUBLICATION 531
FLORA OF PERU
BY
J. FRANCIS MACBRIDE
ASSOCIATE CURATOR OF THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OP BOTANY
THE LIBRARY Of THE
K3V19-Q43
of ILLINOIS
BOTANICAL SERIES
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
VOLUME XIII, PART III, NUMBER 1
OCTOBER 11, 1943
PUBLICATION 531
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS
re
FLORA OF PERU
J. FRANCIS MACBRIDE
LEGUMINOSAE. Bean Family
The legumes, for amateur or for professional student marked
most characteristically by the fruit being a pod (rarely drupe-like)
in contrast to the somewhat similar roses with the fruit a drupe or
achenes enclosed in a receptacle, are grouped into three merging
subfamilies (as defined below). The pods sometimes separate into
1-seeded segments, sometimes are margined or winged and samaroid.
Stipules usually present. Leaves rarely simple. Flowers papilio-
naceous or more or less regular, in the former case ordinarily her-
maphrodite, in the latter polygamous. Petals and sepals (calyx
sometimes cupulate or cyathiform) same number. Stamens various
in number. Carpel solitary, 1-celled, the ovules generally more
than 1 attached at interior angle.
Products of economic importance are many and varied: they
range from beans to insect powder, from timbers extremely hard
or soft to resins and oils, from fibers and forage crops to agents for
tanning leather and other chemical or medicinal products. A number
of these that are of exceptional value are Peruvian in origin or
are produced in Peru (as indicated in the following text) ; for example,
many timbers, the insecticide rotenone (Denis), the soil-builder
Crotalaria, the tannin agent tara (Caesalpinia), to mention only a
few.
Key to subfamilies
Flowers regular, small (sometimes showy, the stamens long); calyx
valvate (imbricate in Parkia); stamens distinct or united;
leaves bipinnate except Inga Mimoseae.
Flowers more or less irregular.
Calyx lobes free (in Poeppigia and Dimorphandra united, but
flowers pea-like; in Bauhinia, Swartzia, Lecointea calyx in
bud entire, later variously cleft or cupulate); stamens 4-10,
sometimes more, often partly sterile or staminodia (p. 113).
Caesalpinieae.
Calyx lobes or sepals connate, the tube usually campanulate or
tubular, the receptacle usually very short or wanting, rarely
slender and stalk-like; flowers usually papilionaceous (p. 228).
Papilionaceae.
3
4 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
MIMOSEAE
Generic key to Peruvian species
Leaves simply pinnate; spines none; pods if dehiscent tardily, the
seeds often in a pulp 1. Inga.
Leaves bipinnate (sometimes in Mimosa pseudodigitate or leaflets
rarely none, sometimes, as in Pithecolobium, 1 pair pinnae of
2-3 leaflets).
Flowers borne in heads or umbellately capitate.
Stamens as many or twice as many as the corolla lobes, usually
5 or 10, or sometimes also with, or replaced in part by,
staminodes.
Trees or shrubs, unarmed except sometimes Mimosa, Pipta-
denia.
Flowers very small in tight globose or clavate heads, partly
or all bisexual and with staminodes; calyx lobes short,
broad, imbricate 18. Parkia.
Flowers small but not as above; calyx if developed, valvate.
Calyx minute or obsolete; pods breaking into joints.
9. Mimosa.
Calyx often well-developed, dentate; pods bivalved.
Anthers eglandular; leaflets about 1 cm. long or longer.
12. Leucaena.
Anthers glandular in bud; leaflets minute except 1
species 13. Piptadenia.
Herbs or more or less woody undershrubs.
Anthers glandular; stamens usually 10, the lower flowers
with staminodia; pods oblong; aquatic or low half
shrub 16. Neptunia.
Anthers eglandular.
Pods narrowly linear; lowest flowers male or provided
with staminodia.
Unarmed plants; flowers greenish-white with 5 or 10
stamens 11. Desmanthus.
Aculeate plants; flowers pink or lilac with usually
8-12 stamens 10. Schrankia.
Pods oblong, sometimes narrowly oblong; most species
without any staminodial flowers 9. Mimosa.
Stamens indefinite, rarely 10 or fewer, often many, even 100.
FLORA OF PERU 5
Stamens more or less connate, often elongate and the flowers
showy; spines usually lacking except Pithecolobium dulce.
Pod valves not separating from margins; stamens more
or less connate, few to many.
Anthers glabrous; pods rather thick, rarely straight, the
valves if dehiscing, not elastically, continuous or
more or less (to completely) septate.
Inflorescence not nodulate.
Pods incurved reniform 4. Enterolobium.
Pods various but not as above.
2. Albizzia, 3. Pithecolobium.
Inflorescence nodulate, i.e. peduncles borne from en-
largements on rachis 5. Cedrelinga.
Anthers usually glandular-hirsute; pods usually flat,
narrow, straight or nearly, elastically dehiscing.
6. Calliandra.
Pod valves (in age) separating from the persisting margins
(always?) ; stamens connate into a tube, in the Peruvian
species about 50; leaflets minute with submarginal
nerve 7. Lysiloma.
Stamens free unless at base (cf. Pithecolobium multiflorum,
Calliandra); flowers small; stipules usually spinescent.
8. Acacia.
Flowers borne in cylindrical spikes.
Stamens indefinite, few to many (rarely 10 in Pithecolobium).
Stamens more or less connate; shrubs or trees except P. dulce
unarmed 3. Pithecolobium.
Stamens free or nearly; plants often aculeate 8. Acacia.
Stamens as many or twice as many as the corolla lobes.
Anthers eglandular; pods breaking into joints between the
persisting margins 9. Mimosa.
Anthers glandular (unless Piptadenia) at least before an thesis;
pods, except in Entada, bivalved.
Smooth or finely aculeate lianas; spikes congested to form
a broom-like inflorescence; pods flat, breaking into
1-seeded joints 15. Entada.
Armed or smooth shrubs or trees; spikes not congested;
pods bivalved.
Smooth or prickly, leaflets usually many.
6 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
Pods plane, continuous within; seeds without albumen.
13. Piptadenia.
Pods turgid, septate between the albuminous seeds.
14. Stryphnodendron.
Nodosely armed (usually), the pinnae and leaflets few;
pods subcompressed or subcylindrical, often septate.
17. Prosopis.
1. INGA Willd.
Reference: Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 600-632. 1875.
Unarmed trees or shrubs with simply pinnate leaves (the rachis
often more or less margined), and globosely umbellate, spicate or
racemose often showy flowers. Peduncles solitary or fascicled,
axillary or panicled at the branchlet tips. Flowers 5 (6) -merous,
mostly hermaphrodite, the tubular or campanulate calyx dentate
or shortly lobed, the elongate corolla with valvate petals coalescent
to the middle or higher. Stamens many, long-exserted. Ovary
sessile, many-ovuled. Pods narrow, straight or somewhat incurved,
rarely twisted, flat, 4-sided or subcylindric, the margins usually
enlarged, coriaceous or subfleshy, tardily if at all dehiscing, the seeds
sometimes surrounded with a pulp. Cf. Pithecolobium inundatum
and P. Martinianum, which might be sought in this group.
With Erythrina, Inga is one of the most important trees used for
shade in plantations of coffee and cocoa; Inga is said to be preferable;
cf. Pittier, Journ. Dept. Agric. Porto Rico 13, no. 4. 1929.
The genus was divided by Bentham into 5 sections, all of which
now provisionally contain species which with our present knowledge
are not definitely assignable, therefore here, for convenience (except
for the section Leptinga including Diadema, marked by the flowers
being borne on a globose or extremely short rather clavate receptacle,
the inflorescences thus umbelliform) the key has been based on the
presence or absence of a wing-margin to the leaf -rachis and on the size
of the flowers; this probably results, at least in some instances,
from specimens being maintained as species that may actually be
merely at variance, that is, with or without the leaf -rachis winged.
The size of the flowers is probably a better criterion but until fruits
are more generally known no lineal key seems possible. Inga fruits
are, in many species, flat; in fewer quadrate or cylindrical, but,
unknown in most species, keys based on the character are useless.
It seems futile to group the species into series. Ducke, Archiv.
FLORA OF PERU 7
Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 4: 19-28. 1925, gave a key to the species of Para,
Pittier, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 173-223. 1916, a partial revision.
/. pisana G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 388. 1832, and /. carnosa G. Don,
I.e. 391, based on Ruiz & Pavon material in herb. Lambert, were
not identified by Bentham but the latter as labeled in herb. Pavon
is, fide Bentham, 534, Lysiloma tergemina Benth. of Mexico and
therefore probably a Mocino & Sesse* specimen. /. diadema Mart.,
to which Bentham referred with doubt Spruce 4565 in fruit from
Tarapoto, is also omitted from the key; cf. note to /. tarapotensis.
Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1 : 187. 1891, employed the name Feuilleea for
many species (including Calliandra and Pithecolobium) ; the resulting
combinations with Kuntze as author have not been cited.
Inflorescence globosely umbelliform; calyces, if sessile, glabrous or
nearly (/. vismiaefolia, I. chartacea, etc. might be sought here).
Section Leptinga, including Diadema.
Leaf-rachis wing-margined.
Stamen tube long-exserted; pedicels minutely villous; leaflets
ample, the larger 2 dm. long I. umbratica.
Stamen tube included or (typically) shortly exserted; puberu-
lence, if present, dense or appressed; leaflets rarely 12 cm.
long.
Leaflets obtuse I. Augusti.
Leaflets acuminate.
Pedicels 8 mm. long or longer; calyces about 4 mm. long.
I. myrianiha.
Pedicels and calyces subequal, much shorter . . I. lateriflora.
Leaf-rachis little if at all margined (except 7. cecropietorum under
/. Tessmannii).
Flowers glabrous or essentially except /. graciliflora with
abruptly expanded limb; peduncles simple, solitary in the
axils or fascicled at the lower nodes.
Leaflets all small, even the larger well under 10 cm.
Leaflets long acuminate I. heterophylla.
Leaflets obtuse or if acuminate very shortly and obtusely.
Pedicels several mm. long I. cynometrifolia.
Pedicels 1 mm. long I. tarapotensis.
Leaflets medium, at least the larger usually longer than 10 cm.
Calyx about half as long as the corolla, glabrous or nearly,
sessile or pedicellate.
8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
Corolla 8-10, calyx 4-6 mm. long, sessile or pedicellate.
7. Tessmannii.
Corolla 7 mm. long or a little longer than the sessile
calyx 7. cinnamomea.
Calyx much less than one-half as long as the corolla, at
least minutely pedicelled.
Pedicels less than 5 mm. long.
Flowers pedicellate; stamen tube more or less exserted.
/. lallensis.
Flowers subsessile; stamen tube included.
/. tenuistipula.
Pedicels 5 mm. long or longer.
Peduncles a cm. or so long 7. graciliflora.
Peduncles all or mostly much longer 7. coriacea.
Flowers puberulent, the corolla not abruptly expanded at limb;
peduncles usually, at least the upper, more or less branched.
Corolla narrowly conical; leaflets not narrowed to base.
7. quaternata.
Corolla with campanulate limb; leaflets little if at all narrowed
to the acute tip, narrowed to base 7. Pardoana.
Inflorescence not clearly umbelliform, sometimes long-spicate, often
ovoid-capitate, the rachis sometimes very short; calyx usually
sessile (exceptions, 7. brachyrhachis, I. ingoides, I. laxiflora, I.
nobilis, 7. tarapotensis) and pubescent (exceptions, 7. brachy-
rhachis, I. capitata), always pubescent (unless 7. tarapotensis),
when the rachis is so short that the flowers are globosely con-
gested, simulating the umbelliform group of species.
Flowers, excluding stamens, 10 mm. long or longer or, if shorter,
plants glabrous (cf. 7. punctata, var.).
Leaf -rachis definitely wing-margined, at least some leaves.
Calyx tomentulose to densely hirsute-villous (sometimes gla-
brate in 7. striata, trichomes lax or weak, rarely lacking).
Flowers considerably to much shorter than 3 cm.
Calyx glabrate (glabrous) to loosely pilose, the narrow
teeth acuminate, the tube striate 7. striata.
Calyx tomentulose or appressed strigillose, the broad
teeth acute, the tube more or less obscurely striate.
Leaflets usually not densely pilose beneath, in any case
conspicuously reticulate; flowers 12-20 mm. long.
FLORA OF PERU 9
Flowers sessile.
Peduncles solitary or geminate; bracts linear to
narrowly lanceolate; leaflets firm, yellowish-
green, reticulate, the nerve glandular or the
bracts linear.
Leaflet midnerve eglandular; bracts linear; pod
face open 7. Feuillei.
Leaflet midnerve often with 1-several glands;
bracts lanceolate; pod face more or less
closed by the multi-sulcate margins.
7. adenophylla.
Peduncles often fascicled, often borne on a com-
mon axis; leaflets membranous-chartaceous,
dark green, little reticulate, never glandular;
bracts not linear.
Axis subterete; leaf not bristle- tipped . . /. edulis.
Axis acutely angled; leaf-rachis bristle-tipped.
7. conferta.
Flowers pedicellate.
Racemes solitary 7. laxiflora.
Racemes fascicled 7. ingoides.
Leaflets densely soft-pilose beneath, obscurely reticu-
late.
Flowers 10-11 mm. long 7. Endlicheri.
Flowers about 18 mm. long 7. aria.
Flowers 3-5 cm. long.
Peduncles nearly lacking; flowers 4-5 cm. long.
7. plumifera.
Peduncles more or less elongate; flowers 3-3.5 cm. long.
Bracts caducous; calyx 2 cm. long 7. velutina.
Bracts persisting; calyx 1 cm. long 7. Donaeana.
Calyx glabrous or setulose, the trichomes long or if minute,
sparse.
Calyx glabrous, the pubescence of stems and leaves not
conspicuously long.
Bracts persisting; peduncles short 7. macrophylla.
Bracts caducous; peduncles elongate 7. longipes.
Calyx usually more or less setulose, usually other parts as
well, these conspicuously long-setose if calyx glabrous.
10 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
Flower-heads shortly peduncled or subsessile, the persist-
ing ovate bracts 3-4 mm. long.
Corolla glabrous; leaflet midnerve eglandular.
7. Poeppigiana.
Corolla pubescent; leaflet midnerve usually with 1-
several glands on upper side /. pruriens.
Flower-heads long-peduncled, the linear-lanceolate bracts
often longer or inconspicuous and caducous.
Branchlets not long-setose nor leaflets long-pilose, 2-4
pairs.
Corolla 12-18 (23) mm. long.
Leaflets mostly 5 cm. wide or wider. . ./. setifera.
Leaflets mostly narrower than 2.5 cm.
Leaflets 3 pairs 7. aliena.
Leaflets 2 pairs 7. slenoptera.
Corolla about 3 cm. long /. Pavoniana.
Branchlets long-setose; leaflets long-pilose both sides,
5-6 pairs.
Calyx 10 mm. long, the corolla tube included.
/. setosa.
Calyx 6 mm. long, the corolla tube exserted.
7. hirsutissima.
Leaf-rachis emarginate or essentially.
Calyx and corolla glabrous or more or less long-setulose, the
trichomes scattered.
Petioles and branchlets glabrous 7. capitata.
Petioles and branchlets long-setose 7. stipulacea.
Calyx or at least the corolla densely or evenly pubescent or
tomentulose-pubescent.
Calyx less than a third as long as the corolla . . 7. peltadenia.
Calyx about half as long as the corolla (cf. exceptionally
7. nobilis, I. punctata).
Flowers pedicellate.
Plants villous.
Calyx narrowly funnelform 7. pukhriflora.
Calyx obconic 7. vismiaefolia.
Plants glabrate 7. loretana.
Flowers sessile.
FLORA OF PERU 11
Leaflets rarely as few as 3 pairs.
Veins obscure above I. Killipiana.
Veins conspicuous both sides 7. Mathewsiana.
Leaflets 2 pairs 7. maynensis.
Flowers excluding stamens 3-8 (9) mm. long (cf. the completely
glabrous 7. capitata et rels.).
Spikes, at least mostly and typically, on axillary fascicled and
long peduncles or these short and often arranged on a
central axis; leaf-rachis emarginate or merely ridge-edged
(cf. 7. densiflora).
Veins of the lustrous rather coriaceous leaflets obscure above;
flowers sessile.
Leaflets 2-4 pairs; stamen tube included or barely exserted.
Corolla tubular; midnerve of leaflets not densely strigose.
Leaflets 2 pairs (typically), usually punctate-scabrous-
hispid both sides 7. punctata.
Leaflets 3-4 pairs.
Leaflets glabrous, oblong-elliptic or oblong-lanceo-
late 7. Ruiziana, I. acreana.
Leaflets hispidulous beneath, obovate. . . .7. obscura.
Corolla rather obconic; leaflet midnerve densely strigose.
Spikes soon short-oblong; leaf pubescence between
nerves sparse 7. lineata.
Spikes ovoid; leaf pubescence soft 7. Endlicheri.
Leaflets 4-6 pairs; stamineal tube often exserted.
Spikes ovoid 7. Ruiziana.
Spikes elongate 7. lopadadenia.
Veins of the subchartaceous leaflets reticulate both sides.
Peduncles long; stamen tube little if at all exserted.
7. nobilis.
Peduncles short; stamen tube long-exserted 7. alba.
Spikes axillary or subaxillary but solitary or in any case crowded
and shortly peduncled or subsessile in the axils or at de-
foliate nodes, the peduncles usually shorter than the spikes,
always (except in 7. lopadadenia) if the petiole is emarginate
(cf. 7. alba, marked by very long-exserted stamen tube).
Flowers minutely pedicellate, if in elongate racemes the
leaflets 1 pair.
12 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
Rachis of leaves emarginate, the leaflets 2-3 pairs.
Inflorescence globose, the peduncles 12-25 mm.; corolla
5 mm. long; leaflets small 7. tarapotensis.
Inflorescence oblong-ovoid, subsessile; corolla 7 mm.
long; leaflets ample I. brachyrhachis.
Rachis of leaves margined and with 1 pair of leaflets.
I. cordatoalata.
Flowers sessile or subsessile, the leaflets all or mostly 2-several
pairs.
Bracts minute or not exceeding the calyx.
Rachis of leaves if winged only just below the medium-
sized leaflets, their nervation not impressed above.
Leaf-rachis glands small or the leaflets mostly or all
fewer than 4 pairs.
Corolla 3-4 (4.5) mm. long; leaflets 2 (-3) pairs;
spikes elongate, mostly 7 cm. long or longer.
/. marginata.
Corolla (4) 5-6 mm. long; spikes 5 cm. long or shorter
(cf. also 7. alba, flowers smaller).
Leaf-rachis emarginate or essentially; stamen tube
finally long-exserted.
Leaflets 2-4 pairs.
Leaflets coriaceous, blunt; spikes sessile.
7. Klugii.
Leaflets membranous, acuminate; spikes
shortly peduncled 7. aggregata.
Leaflets commonly 6 pairs 7. altissima.
Leaf-rachis definitely winged; flowers 4 mm. long.
Leaf-rachis puberulent; leaflets 3 pairs.
7. yacoana.
Leaf-rachis glabrous; leaflets 2 pairs. . . .7. apta.
Leaf-rachis glands large, cuplike; leaflets 4 pairs.
7. lopadadenia.
Rachis of leaves usually conspicuously winged, the
leaflets ample, the venation often more or less im-
pressed above.
Pubescence, at least on leaves, spreading, stiff.
Leaflet internodes 1-3 cm. long 7. densiflora.
FLORA OF PERU 13
Leaflet internodes mostly much longer.
I. Bonplandiana, I. chartacea.
Pubescence tomentulose I. tomentosa.
Bracts (3) 4-6 mm. long, exceeding the calyx.
Flowers 7-8 mm. long 7. auristellae.
Flowers 3-4 mm. long 7. microcoma.
Inga acreana Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 298. 1915.
7. myriocephala Pittier, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 184. 1916.
Similar to 7. punctata but the leaflets 3-4 pairs, oblong-lanceolate,
glabrous; peduncles puberulent, 2-3 cm. long; calyx 3-4 mm. long,
the corolla about 7 mm. long. Williams 2158 was referred by Harms
to 7. stenoptera Benth., 616, which at least as to type is very different;
this collection seems to match 7. acreana except that the leaf-rachis
is somewhat more margined (in type obscurely). Ducke has
suggested that Harms' species is perhaps a variety of 7. nobilis but
it seems probable that it is a form of 7. acrocephala Steud. of Surinam
and scarcely distinguishable unless by the slightly margined rachis,
less heavy coriaceous leaflets. Pittier gives the average calyx length
of his species as 5 mm., the corolla 9 mm. F.M. Neg. 1134.
Loreto: Caballo-Cocha, Williams 2158. Pumayacu, Klug 3155
(det. Standl., 7. punctata). Rio Acre: Seringal San Francisco,
Ule 9425, type. Bolivia; Brazil.
Inga adenophylla Pittier, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 210.
1916.
Shortly rusty villous-tomentulose except the winged leaf-rachis
and leaflets above, these sparsely pubescent; glands small, slightly
raised and subcupulate not only between the 5-6 pairs of oblong-
elliptic leaflets but ordinarily 1 to several, even as many as 6 scattered
along the more densely pubescent midnerve of each leaflet; leaflets
rounded at base, obtuse or acute and mucronulate, coriaceous,
strongly nerved and reticulate beneath, the larger 8-11 cm. long,
3.5-5.5 cm. broad, mostly about 9 cm. long, 3.5 cm. broad; peduncles
often geminate, 2-5 cm. long; bractlets linear-lanceolate to 7 mm.
long, caducous by anthesis; flowers sessile, the calyx to 8.5 mm.
long, with very short teeth or these to 3 mm. long; corolla silky-
villous, somewhat dilated at apex, 15-17 mm. long, the lobes about
3 mm. long; stamen tube included or slightly exserted; pods funicu-
liform, 10-15 cm. long, about 8 mm. thick, rusty-tomentulose,
the sulcate margins almost entirely covering the valves. Nearly
14 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
I. affinis DC. to which it could be referred as a variety but the glands
are more consistently and uniformly present on the upper surfaces
of the leaflets. The species is probably I. Feuittei as to most of
Weberbauer's citations.
Junin: Huacapistana, 1,800 meters, Killip & Smith 24185;
(Raimondi). Colonia Perene", 600 meters, Killip & Smith 25127
(det. Harms, I. affinis?}. La Merced, Killip & Smith 23412;
24045. Chanchamayo, Isern 2438. Ayacucho: Aina, Killip &
Smith 22613; 23194 (the former in open woods, the latter cul-
tivated, shaped like an apple tree). Cuzco: Valle de San Miguel,
2,200 meters, Herrera 1982. Valle del Apurimac, 2,800 meters,
Herrera 1179. Puno: Near Sandia, Weberbauer 1059 (det. Harms,
I. affinis); (Raimondi). Bolivia. "Pasae," "paccai," "kkusillo-
paccai," "pacay."
Inga aggregata G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 391. 1832; 609.
Glabrous except for the minutely puberulent subsessile ovoid
spikes solitary or clustered in the defoliate axils of the slender
branchlets; leaf-rachis obscurely or narrowly margined, the glands
depressed; leaflets at least mostly 3-4 pairs, oblong-elliptic, some-
what oblique at base, rather obtusely acuminate, the larger 1.5 dm.
long, nearly half as broad, membranous, or in age subcoriaceous,
lustrous, finely reticulate-veined, especially beneath; calyx puberu-
lent, about 1 mm. long; corolla 5-6 mm. long, glabrous, the stamen
tube long-exserted ; pods (fide Bentham) straight or arcuate, 12-14
mm. broad. Cf. /. tenuirama Harms under I. punctata. F.M.
Negs. 1071; 32062.
Huanuco: Pueblo Nuevo, Ruiz & Pavdn. Loreto: Yurimaguas,
Poeppig 2208 (det. Benth.). Yarina Cocha, Middle Ucayali,
Tessmann 3425 (det. Harms, /. alba affine). Bolivia.
Inga alba (Swartz) Willd. Sp. PL 4: 1013. 1806; 610. Mimosa
alba Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 2: 796. 1800.
Young branchlets densely white lenticellate and the peduncles
and leaf-rachi (these emarginate or usually slightly margined between
the upper pairs of leaflets, the glands depressed), puberulent or even
tomentulose, the minute trichomes rusty; leaflets 3-4 (5) pairs,
ovate, elliptic or oblong-obovate, more or less oblique at the shortly
narrowed base, shortly and obtusely acuminate, mostly to about
10 cm. long, 4 cm. broad or on new shoots somewhat larger, on the
flowering branchlets often a third smaller, membranous, glabrous,
prominently reticulate-veined and lustrous both sides; peduncles
FLORA OF PERU 15
rarely 1 cm. long, fascicled in the axils or on short branchlets from
the older wood below the leaves, the spikes scarcely 1 cm. long;
calyx minutely puberulent, 1 mm. long or little longer, the glabrous
corolla 3.5 to less than 4 mm. long, the slender stamen tube long-
exserted; pods sessile, to 15 cm. long, 15-18 mm. broad, pulverulent
or glabrous. Tree sometimes 30 meters high, the flowers white.
Illustrated, Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: pi. 126.
Peru (possibly). Brazil to the Guianas and Venezuela.
Inga aliena Macbr., spec. nov.
Frutex, 1.5 m. altus vel altior; ramulis subadpresse denseque
hirsuto-pubescentibus; stipulis ovato-lanceolatis, setaceo-caudatis,
striatis, 8 mm. longis, 2 mm. latis; foliolis 3-jugis petiolulatis (petiolo
communi conspicue alato) anguste oblongo-ellipticis vel -lanceolatis,
basi in petiolulum angustatis, apicem versus attenuatis et setaceo-
mucronatis, ad 8 cm. longis, 2.5 cm. latis, coriaceis, utrinque sparse
adpresseque hispidulis, nitidulis; pedunculis axillaribus circa 5 cm.
longis; capitulis ovoideis; bracteis persistentibus lanceolatis; floribus
sessilibus, corolla dense strigoso-setulosa calyce sparse setuloso 6 mm.
longo duplo longiore. Perhaps allied to /. stenoptera Benth. with
2 pairs of thinner leaflets, narrower winged petioles and less persistent
bracts. A detached pod is closely veined transversely, sparsely
hispidulous, 8 cm. long, 8 mm. wide.
Loreto: Pumayacu, near Balsapuerto, King 3170, type.
Inga altissima Ducke, Archiv. Inst. Biol. Veg. Rio Jan. 4: 4.
1938.
Affine I. alba; leaflets usually 6 pairs (4-6), oblong-lanceolate,
the larger to 12 cm. long, 4 cm. broad, rather coriaceous, the narrow
rachis not dilated, the elevated glands with narrowed, somewhat
stipe-like bases; peduncles 12-20 mm. long, the spike short and
dense, nearly all closely fascicled on branchlets below the leaves;
flowers white, the calyx 1.5-2 mm. long, the corolla about 5 mm.
long. Remarkable for its height, about 40 meters, with stout
cylindrical trunk, the related species rarely attaining 30 meters
(Ducke). The type from Tabatinga in non-inundated woods across
the Amazonian boundary with Peru.
Peru (undoubtedly). Brazil.
Inga apta Macbr., spec. nov.
Arbor ad 10 m. alta; ramulis subangulatis, glabris; foliolis 2-jugis,
sessilibus (petiolo communi distincte alato) elliptico-oblongis ad
16 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
basin oblique attenuatis (basi ipse cordatulatis) apice breviter acutis
vel obtuse acuminatis, majoribus 14 cm. longis, 6 cm. latis, coriaceis,
nitidis, glabris ubique mediocriter reticulato-venosis; spicis sub-
sessilibus 2-3 axillaribus 3.5 cm. longis; bracteis caducis glabris
1 cm. longis, 3 mm. latis; bracteolis minutis, ovatis, subpersistentibus;
floribus sessilibus corolla minutissime parceque adpresse puberula
3.5 mm. longa calycem plus triple excedente, staminum tubo demum
paullo exserto. Distributed as /. fagifolia, an obscure species (as
to type) presumably related to /. marginata.
San Martin: Zepelacio, near Moyobamba, 1,100 meters, Klug
3654, type.
Inga aria Macbr., spec. nov.
Arbor 5 m. alta; ramulis junioribus pedunculisque breviter et
molliter ferrugineo-pubescentibus; foliolis 5-7-jugis, subsessilibus
(petiolo communi late alato) ovato- vel oblongo-lanceolatis, basi
oblique subrotundatis, apice acute acuminatis, circa 8 cm. longis,
3.5 cm. latis, chartaceis, supra sparse scabro-hispidulis, subtus
mediocriter dense pilosis praesertim ad nervos; nervis lateralibus
supra obscuris, subtus prominulis; pedunculis geminatis ad 3 cm.
longis; floribus sessilibus, calyce dense sericeo-strigoso 5 mm. longo,
corolla conspicue et crispe villosa 2 cm. longa. Resembles /. dysantha
Benth., 626, of northern Brazil, with fewer lustrous leaflets and laxly
flowered spikes. The corollas are nearly those of the related /.
cayennensis Sagot with glabrate calyces typically pedicellate or
rarely even subsessile (forma sessiliflora Ducke); Sagot's species,
too, is more loosely hirsutulous. The shield-like wings to the petioles
have suggested the name.
Loreto: Balsapuerto, Klug 3111, type.
Inga August! Harms, Repert. Sp. Nov. 16: 245. 1919.
Shortly branched, densely leafy, the younger somewhat reddish
branchlets slightly angled, lenticellate, glabrous or nearly; leaflets
2-5 pairs (rachis rather conspicuously winged), the uppermost
gradually larger, 5-7 cm. long, 2.5-3.5 cm. broad, mostly oblong-
obovate, obliquely narrowed at base, shortly and bluntly acuminate
or obtuse, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, glabrous; peduncles solitary
or geminate, axillary, 2.5-5 cm. long; flowers umbellate, the glabrous
pedicels 2-5 mm. long; calyx cupulate, obscurely denticulate, the
margin sparsely puberulent, 1-2 mm. long; corolla glabrous except
for the lobe- tips, 5-6 mm. long, the stamen tube included. Tree
to 7 meters high of evergreen montana. F.M. Neg. 1135.
FLORA OF PERU 17
Huanuco: Between Chaglla and Muna, 2,500 meters, Weberbauer
6705, type. Yanano, 8728.
Inga auristellae Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 298. 1915.
Younger parts shortly villous-puberulent, the leaves soon gla-
brous; leaf-rachi narrowly winged, the gland patelliform; leaflets
subsessile, 2-3 pairs, broadly elliptic or slightly obovate, obliquely
obtuse at base, acutely or obtusely rather abruptly but shortly
acuminate, coriaceous, lustrous above, reticulate-veined beneath,
4-10 cm. long, 2-6 cm. broad; spikes often geminate in the axils,
shorter than the leaves, the peduncles 2-3.5 cm. long; bracts oblanceo-
late, 4-6 mm. long, sparsely hirsutulous, as also the calyx, this only
3-3.5 mm. long; corolla 7-8 mm. long, glabrous except at the shortly
lobed tip, the stamen tube little if at all exserted. Tree or shrub
5-15 meters high with white flowers and, according to Ducke, with
flat pods (slightly raised over the seeds) curved, the sutures little
dilated, 10-12 cm. long, about 2 cm. broad. F.M. Neg. 1136.
Rio Acre: Seringal Auristella, Vie 9426, type. Brazil; Dutch
Guiana.
Inga Bonplandiana Kunth in HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 288.
1824; 617.
Glabrous except for the pubescent thickened petiole and the
silky-pubescent corollas, these twice as long as the tubular calyces;
leaflets 5 pairs, elliptic-oblong, rounded or subcordate at base, acute,
the terminal about 12 cm. long, half as broad, the lower gradually
smaller, the lowest scarcely 5 cm. long, subcoriaceous, reticulate-
veined beneath, lustrous above; rachis glabrous, bristle- tipped,
winged, the wings 2 cm. broad, narrowed below, the glands orbicular,
cupulate, sessile; flowers spicate, sessile; pods 5-10 cm. long, glabrous,
the margins elevated. Description after Kunth who according to
Bentham saw only a leaf, his description of the flowers being drawn
from Bonpland's notes. The species seems to be closely related to
I. chartacea, if indeed it is not the same.
Cajamarca: Between Cavico and Chontali on the banks of the
Rio Chamaya, Prov. Jae*n de Bracamoros, Bonpland, type. "Guabo."
Inga brachyrhachis Harms, Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 48:
159. 1907.
Glabrous shrub or tree to about 6 meters high, the branchlets
gray-barked, obscurely lenticellate, the leaves with 2 pairs of broadly
18 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
oblong-elliptic subcoriaceous leaflets, their rachis emarginate, the
rather large gland depressed; leaflets obliquely narrowed at base,
obtusely short acuminate, reticulate-veined both sides, the larger
1.5-2 dm. long, 7-8 cm. broad ; racemes rarely 1.5 cm. long, subsessile,
borne from efoliose nodes below the leaves; pedicels 1 mm. long,
the calyx 2 mm. long, both obscurely pulverulent; corolla white,
6-7 mm. long, the stamen tube more or less exserted. F.M. Neg.
1138.
Loreto: Pongo de Cainarachi, Ule 6361, type. Mishuyacu,
King 623 (det. Harms).
Inga capita ta Desv. Journ. Bot. 3: 71. 1814; 611.
Completely smooth with glossy coriaceous leaves, their rachis
emarginate, their leaflets 2 pairs, nearly oblong, rigid-coriaceous,
usually 7-15 cm. long, 3.5-6 cm. broad, contracted at base into
petiolules 2-4 mm. long, shortly acuminate, pinnately nerved and
reticulate-veined; stipules linear or linear falcate, caducous; peduncles
axillary and subterminal or clustered, several cm. long, the ovoid
spikes finally with rachis more than 2 cm. long; bracts minute,
caducous; calyx cylindrical, finely striate, typically to 6 or 8 mm. long,
the teeth short; corolla often about 12 mm. long, white, glabrous,
the stamen tube included; pods thick, the margins slightly raised,
straight or a little curved, sessile, glabrous, but densely lenticellate,
10-12 cm. long, about 3 cm. broad (Ducke). Description after
Bentham. Var. latifolia Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 5: 120.
1930, is more robust in all parts, the leaflets to 21 cm. long, 11 cm.
broad. /. stipularis DC., 610, has broad persisting stipules, greenish
flowers 8 mm. long; /. fakistipula Ducke, I.e. 2: 56. 1918, is similar
to the DeCandolle species and like it to be expected, but is much
more slender in all parts, the stipules linear-falcate, scarcely sub-
persisting, and flowers at a different time. Different but keying here
is I. semiglabra Pittier, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 186. 1916, of
Ecuador, leaflets membranous, 3 pairs, flowers scarcely 10 mm. long,
the calyx 5-6 mm. long; its relationship is with the Brazilian I.
leiocalycina Benth., 612, also possibly extending into Peru, with
corolla 8 mm. long, silky-villous all over, the glabrous calyx 4 mm.
long. Illustrated, Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: pi. 128. F.M. Neg.
33442.
Loreto: Mouth of the Santiago, Tessmann 4123 (det. Harms,
"affine"). Yurimaguas, Kuhlmann 17513 (type, var. latifolia).
Rio Acre: Ule 9914 (det. Harms, "var."); 9420. Brazil.
FLORA OF PERU 19
Inga chartacea Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 79. 1845;
616. /. calophylla Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 298. 1915.
Younger parts, especially the peduncles and leaves beneath on
the prominent reticulate veins and nerves, sparsely hirsutulous with
spreading, usually rusty trichomes; leaf-rachis usually broadly winged,
the internodes 4-6 cm. long, the scutellate glands prominent; leaflets
2-3 pairs, subsessile or stoutly petiolulate, broadly oblong-elliptic,
shortly narrowed to the truncate or subcordate base, acuminate,
rigid chartaceous, glabrous and slightly lustrous above, the nerves
impressed, the larger about 2 dm. long, nearly half as broad; peduncles
fascicled, 2 cm. long or much shorter; spikes subglobose, about 1 cm.
in diameter; calyx 2-3 mm. long, more or less puberulent, the tri-
chomes scarcely appressed; corolla somewhat silky-strigose, 5-7 mm.
long, the stamen tube included; pods 14-18 cm. long, 3-3.5 cm.
broad, densely transversely lineate, straight or curved (Ducke, as
/. calophylla). Stipules according to Ducke (as I. calophylla) small,
subpersisting, truncate at tip. Cf. /. Bonplandiana. Klug 1319
seems to belong here as to leaves, pubescence, flowers, but the leaf-
rachi are obscurely or not margined. /. cyclocarpa Ducke, Archiv.
Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 4: 14. 1925, is apparently more densely rusty-
tomentulose, leaf-rachis only margined, the peduncles sometimes
3 cm. long, the flowers rather densely pubescent, the pods strongly
arcuate, often nearly circinate. F.M. Negs. 1076; 1142 (/. calophylla).
San Martin: Chazuta, Klug 4108 (distributed under an un-
published name after the locality). Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig
2479, type. Balsapuerto, Klug 3087; 3092. Mishuyacu, Klug 1319(1) .
Iquitos, Tessmann 3563 (det. Harms, /. Bourgoni). Rio Acre: Ule
9427 (type, /. calophylla). Bolivia; Brazil.
Inga cinnamomea Spruce ex Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt.
2: 470. 1876.
Glabrous tree, the leaves with 3 pairs of oblong-elliptic leaflets,
the flowers sessile in long peduncled heads; rachis emarginate, the
glands small; leaflets shortly acuminate or rounded at tip, more or
less cuneate at base (petiolule 4-6 mm. long), membranous-charta-
ceous, concolored, prominently pinnate-nerved and slenderly veined,
the larger to 2 dm. long, 8 cm. broad; peduncles 5-8 cm. long, some-
times fascicled in short racemes at the nodes; flower-heads globose,
the caducous bracts narrowly linear, shorter than the calyx, this
(3) 5 mm. long, attenuate at base, shortly dentate, scarcely exceeded
by the corolla; stamens white, the tube shortly exserted. Stipules
20 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
foliaceous, more or less persisting according to Pittier. Flowers
delightfully fragrant of cinnamon, the tree beautiful, 15 meters tall
or taller (Spruce). Branches frequently inhabited by ants (Pseu-
domyrma), the fruit large (Ducke). Illustrated, Mart. I.e. pi. 124.
Rio Acre: Ule 9432 (det. Harms). Mouth of Rio Macauhan,
Krukoff 5654W. Brazil. "Inga-assu."
Inga conferta Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 620.
1845; 630.
Branchlets, these angled, leaflets both sides and inflorescences
except the silky-villous corollas finely puberulent; leaf-rachis and
glands prominent; leaflets 5-6 pairs, oblong-elliptic, shortly acumi-
nate, 1-3 dm. long, 5 cm. to about half as broad, subcoriaceous,
prominently reticulate beneath, the conspicuous nerves only about
5 mm. distant; peduncles fascicled, the upper closely corymbose,
only 1-2 cm. long, about equaled by the spikes; calyx 6 mm. long,
the corolla 12-14 mm. long; stamen tube little if at all exserted.
The oblong-lanceolate bracts about 5 mm. long are caducous at
anthesis. Cf. I. scabrittscula under /. edulis.
San Martin: Tarapoto, (Mathews 1595, type). San Roque, 1,400
meters, Williams 7354 (det. Harms, /. edulis). Junin: Chanchamayo
Valley, 1,200 meters, Schunke 399 (distr. as /. scabriuscula).
"Guava."
Inga cordatoalata Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 3: 53.
1922.
Glabrous, with bifoliate leaves, the petioles 1-2 cm. long, rather
conspicuously wing-margined, with a sessile cupulate gland at apex;
leaflets oblong-elliptic or obliquely ovate-oblong, obtusely acumi-
nate, mostly 7-12 cm. long, 3-4.5 cm. broad, coriaceous, lustrous
and obscurely veiny above, distinctly so beneath; racemes often
binate in the axils or at the old defoliate leaf-nodes, shortly
peduncled, 5 cm. long or longer, laxly flowered, the pedicels nearly
1 mm. long or shorter; calyx minute, less than 1 mm. long; corolla
to 3.5 mm. long, the stamen tube not exserted; pods about 1 dm.
long, 2 cm. broad, rounded at both ends, apiculate at tip, strongly
impressed between the seeds, the margins nerviform. Tree to 12
meters, the flowers white. F.M. Neg. 1144.
Loreto: Pumayacu, Klug 3189 (det. Standl.). Brazil.
Inga coriacea (Pers.) Desv. Journ. Bot. 1: 71. 1814; 603.
Mimosa coriacea Pers. Syn. PI. 2: 262. 1807. /. sertulifera DC.
Prodr. 2: 436. 1825.
FLORA OF PERU 21
Allied to C. myriantha but the peduncles and pedicels longer or
at least very slender, the latter even thread-like and the leaf-rachis
nearly or quite emarginate; leaflets 1 or 2 pairs, ovate, acuminate,
lustrous, coriaceous, the larger 15 cm. long, half as broad, often
much smaller; peduncles sometimes fasciculate; pedicels numerous,
8-15 mm. long, or longer; calyx about 2 mm. long, the corolla 8-10
mm. long, the stamen tube more or less exserted; pods subsessile
to 10 cm. long, 2.5 cm. broad. The var. leptopus (Benth.) Macbr.,
comb. nov. (I. leptopus Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 580.
1845; I. sertulifera var. leptopus Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 603.
1875), has extraordinarily slender pedicels even 2.5 cm. long.
Possibly the Peruvian material should all be referred to the variety;
the young branchlets of the typical form are puberulent, lenticellate,
the stamen tube scarcely exserted, the flowers somewhat smaller.
To 10 meters tall, with slender columnar trunk, the bark with short
horizontal ridges and numerous lenticels (Williams). Illustrated,
Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: pi. 86. F.M. Neg. 28121.
San Martin: Tarapoto, Williams 6800 (det. Harms). Lamas,
Mathews 1592. Loreto: Florida, Klug 2318 (var.). Locality un-
known, Poeppig 2146. Rio Acre: Ule 9422 (or strongly affine,
Harms). To the Guianas.
Inga cynometrifolia Harms, Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 48:
159. 1907.
Glabrous or nearly, with short often curved or tortuous branch-
lets; leaflets mostly 2 pairs, obovate-oblong, cuneately acute at base,
obtuse or very shortly and obtusely acuminate, finally coriaceous,
lustrous, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. broad; rachis slightly if at all
margined; peduncles 2-3.5 cm. long, the pedicels 7-11 mm. long,
puberulent or glabrous; umbels many-flowered; calyx 3-4 mm.
long, the corolla 9-10 mm. long; stamen tube little exserted.
Separated by the author from I. sciadion Steud. by its essentially
emarginate rachis and slightly puberulent inflorescence and from
/. umbellifera Steud. by the smaller and less acuminate leaflets. It
may be a variety of /. tarapotensis. F.M. Neg. 1146.
San Martin: Juan Guerra, Ule 6452, type. Chazuta, Klug 4151.
Inga densiflora Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 617. 1875.
Doubtfully distinct from I. chartacea (or /. Bonplandiana) but
as to type, the leaflets to 15 cm. long, 5 cm. wide or smaller, their
internodes only 2-2.5 cm. long, the glands small; peduncles short,
22 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
corymbosely crowded at the apex of the branchlets, fasciculate on
a rachis 5-7 cm. long; bracts 2 mm. long, persisting; calyx 3-4 mm.
long, the sericeous corolla 8 mm. long; pods 3 dm. long, 5 cm. broad,
thick, hard, transversely lineate. Leaflets lustrous and subglabrous
above, pubescent beneath. F.M. Neg. 1078.
San Martin: Near Tarapoto, Spruce 4504, type. Colombia?
Inga Donaeana Macbr., spec. nov.
/. Pavonianae partium omnium forma et dimensionibus similis
differt foliolis supra sparse hirsutulis, subtus submolliter pilosis;
calyce striato, dense adpresse striguloso haud setuloso; staminum
tubo haud exserto. Included by Bentham in /. Pavoniana but not
at all that species as to pubescence of calyx; that of the leaves is
softer. It seems necessary to accept a much wider range of varia-
tion in specific lines here or consider it as distinct. Mathews 307,
1924 from Casapi may belong here (not seen). The pod (probably
belonging here rather than to /. Pavoniana), presumably according
to Bentham to be associated with this tree, was described as 7.5
cm. long, 2.5 cm. wide, glabrous, fleshy, the margins strongly
elevated. F.M. Negs. 1104; 32060.
San Martin: Tarapoto, Spruce 4503, type.
Inga edulis Mart. Flora 20: Beibl. 2: 113. 1837; 630.
Usually small tree or sometimes attaining 16 meters, the branch-
lets, peduncles and leaf-rachi rusty-puberulent, the latter promi-
nently wing-margined, the cupulate glands large; leaflets 4-6 pairs,
oblong-elliptic, acuminate, the terminal 1.5 dm. long, about half
as broad, membranous, minutely puberulent both sides, more densely
so on the reticulate nerves and veins beneath; peduncles 2-4 cm.
long, solitary in the upper axils or fasciculate and subcorymbose;
flowers sessile, the puberulent tomentulose striate calyx 5-8 mm.
long, the silky-villous corolla 14-20 mm. long; bractlets oblong-
lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, caducous by full anthesis; pods often
3 dm. long or longer, about 1 cm. thick, subterete by the develop-
ment of the multisulcate margins, the faces thus nearly covered.
Frequently cultivated near dwellings for the edible fruits and,
according to Williams, common in thickets and wooded swamps.
The following collections (det. Harms) match several made by Tess-
mann in Loreto. /. scabriuscula Benth., 629, has more open-faced
pods, often smaller leaflets, the indument, fide Ducke, more per-
sistent, the calyx more minutely puberulent; it seems to be doubt-
FLORA OF PERU 23
fully distinguishable in flower. Ducke, Leg. Amaz. Bras. 22. 1939,
includes Peru in its range but I have seen no specimens that are
not more probably /. edulis unless /. conferta, which compare, is
the same. Illustrated, Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: pi. 136.
San Martin: Juan Guerra, 720 meters, Williams 6896. Loreto:
La Victoria, Williams 2690. Rio Nanay, Williams 273. Pro,
Williams 1997. Near Iquitos, Kittip & Smith 29869; Williams 7893.
Yurimaguas, Williams 4223; Killip & Smith 27662. To the Guianas
and Central America. "Inga cipo," "guaba," "pacay."
Inga Endlicheri (Kuntze) Macbr., comb. nov. Feuilleea End-
licheri Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 185. 1891. /. fasciculata Poepp. &
Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 79. 1845, not Willd. 1806.
Allied to C. edulis and marked chiefly by the softer short-pilose
pubescence of the leaflets beneath and the smaller flowers, these
only 8-11 mm. long; leaflets 4 pairs, broadly elliptic, acute, rounded
at base, the larger 15 cm. long, half as broad; bracts ovate, 2 mm.
long, subpersisting, the calyx about 5 mm. long; pods plane, com-
pressed, finally glabrous, to 2 dm. long, 2.5 cm. thick with a sweet
edible pulp, the consistency of cotton. The lateral leaf nerves
beneath are rather prominent, 8-10 mm. distant, the veins rather
obscure. F.M. Neg. 1082.
Huanuco: Cuchero, Poeppig 1340, type. "Pacay amarillo."
Inga Feuillei DC. Prodr. 2: 433. 1825; 628. I. Cumingiana
Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 616. 1845.
Young branchlets, leaf-rachi, inflorescences including the calyces
and pods densely rusty pubescent with a short tomentose-villous
indument; rachis wings rather prominent, the glands scarcely so;
leaflets 3-5 pairs, oblong-elliptic, obliquely rounded at base, acumi-
nate, finely reticulate, sparsely hirsutulous above, or the midnerve
usually rusty-villous, hirsute-villous on the nerves and veins beneath,
subcoriaceous, the larger terminal ones 1-2 dm. long, about 8 cm.
broad; peduncles axillary, 4-11 cm. long, the spikes to 3 cm. long;
bracts linear, shorter than the calyx, mostly persisting until after
anthesis; calyx tubular, 8-10 mm. long with short acutish teeth;
corolla densely sericeous-villous, 17 mm. long, or slightly longer,
the stamen tube included; pods flat, 2 to several dm. long, about
2 cm. broad with dilated obscurely bisulcate margins. Becoming
a large tree with spreading crown.
As noted by the first collector, commonly planted in Lima for
shade and for the pods which under the name of "pacai" are much
24 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
appreciated for the succulent sweet pulp about the seeds; this
according to Ruiz & Pavon is like white cotton, juicy and sweet,
of pleasant flavor and is much esteemed by the fair sex because real
de pacai serves for entertainment at the holidays. Pittier, Contr.
U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 197. 1916, pointed out the real identity of
DeCandolle's species and most of the many references given by
Weberbauer probably refer to /. adenophylla, the species in a strict
sense apparently being confined to Lima and vicinity. It com-
memorates the French priest Louis Feuille"e whose three volume
Journal des Observations Physiques, Mathematiques et Botaniques
was the first scientific account of the plants of Peru. He lived
in Peru and Chile from 1709 to 1711.
Lima: Chosica, 502. Near Lima, FeuilUe, type; Raimondi;
Cuming 980 (type, /. Cumingiana). Cuzco: Santa Ana, in coca
field, 900 meters, Cook & Gilbert 1573, fide Pittier. "Pacai."
Inga graciliflora Benth. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 582. 1845; 603.
Similar to I. coriacea; branchlets slender, puberulent or glabrate
as also the emarginate leaflets; leaflets 3 pairs, oblong-elliptic, the
larger 1.5 dm. long, half as broad, somewhat puberulent on the nerves
beneath, firm chartaceous; umbels lateral, subsessile or the puberu-
lent peduncles to 10 mm. long, the pedicels about half as long;
flowers typically slightly puberulent, the calyx scarcely 1 mm. long,
the corolla 6 mm. long, the stamen tube long-exserted. The Peru-
vian form may be known as var. peruviana Macbr., var. nov., foliis
praecipue ad nervos puberulis, late ellipticis. Williams 684, type.
About 15 meters with spreading crown, uncommon in dense forests
(Williams). F.M. Neg. 28114.
Loreto: Rio Itaya, Tessmann 5214 (det. Harms). Rio Nanay,
Williams 684. British Guiana.
Inga heterophylla Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 1020. 1806; 602. /. um-
bellata G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 391. 1852.
Shrub or small tree, glabrous, the densely leafy branchlets slender;
leaflets 1-2 (3-4) pairs, oblong-lanceolate, gradually acuminate,
coriaceous, lustrous, the larger 5-7 cm. long; peduncles 5-15 mm.
long, the pedicels 4-8 mm. long; calyx scarcely 1 mm. long, the
corolla 5-6 mm. long, the stamen tube more or less exserted; pods
shortly stiped to 12 cm. long or longer, 1-2 cm. broad; rachis ob-
scurely if at all margined. /. mapiriensis Pittier, Contr. U. S. Nat.
Herb. 18: 174. 1916, has, in type from Bolivia, calyx 2.5-3 mm. long,
FLORA OF PERU 25
corolla 7-8 mm. long; in other material the distinction is not marked.
/. Duckei Huber, Amazonian, Bol. Mus. Goeldi 5: 375. 1909, if sought
here may be known by its subsessile flowers and large pods only
4-5 cm. long; the rachis of the capitate inflorescences is 4-10 mm.
long (Ducke). F.M. Negs. 1087; 23029.
San Martin: Tarapoto, Spruce 4583. Near Moyobamba, King
3521. Junin: San Ramon, Killip & Smith 24798. Ayacucho:
Choimacota Valley, evergreen bush-wood, 1,400 meters, Weberbauer
7541. To the West Indies.
Inga hirsutissima Rusby, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 349. 1907.
/. chrysotricha Pittier, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 202. 1916.
Strikingly hirsute with spreading yellow trichomes, only the
membranous striate broad persisting stipules and bracts and the
strongly toothed calyces lightly so or even glabrate; leaf-rachis
winged with paired or confluent glands between the 1-5 pairs of
leaflets, these ovate-oblong, subsessile, rounded at base, acutely
acuminate, membranous, the larger to 12 cm. long, half as broad,
the basal pair about a third as large; peduncles solitary or geminate,
usually several cm. long, the spikes ovoid; calyx 7-14 mm. long, or
somewhat longer, the teeth narrowly ovate or linear-oblong; corolla
15-20 mm. long, densely villous, the stamen tube included; pods
about 2 dm. long, 4 cm. broad, stiped, rounded and cuspidate at
tip, densely golden-hispid. Pittier's species was separated chiefly
on the basis of larger flowers, the calyx to 16 mm. long or slightly
longer, the corolla to 22 mm. long, while the equivalent dimensions
for Rusby's plant are scarcely 7 mm. and 16 mm.; however, these
differences it seems to me do not hold nor as shown by examination
of cotype sheets is there any constancy in the confluence and separa-
tion of the rachis glands.
Cuzco: Lucmayo Valley, Cook & Gilbert 1390 (det. Pittier, /.
chrysotricha). Bolivia. "Pacay."
Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 1012. 1806; 631. Mimosa
ingoides Rich. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 113. 1792.
Tree, the angled branchlets and peduncles reddish-brown or
rusty tomentose-puberulent; leaf-rachis broadly winged, the glands
orbicular, rather conspicuous, the leaflets usually 4-5 pairs, broadly
elliptic, rounded at base, shortly acuminate, the larger 15 cm. long,
8-10 cm. broad, the lowest pair less than half as large, finally sub-
coriaceous, puberulent above, rather softly pubescent beneath;
26 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
peduncles 1-3 cm. long, solitary or fascicled in axillary racemes and
subtended by subpersisting bracts; racemes about 3 cm. long, the
small oblong bracts caducous, the pedicels 3-8 mm. long; calyx about
8 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, the corolla 12-14 mm. long, silky-villous;
stamen tube included; pods similar to those of /. edulis but nearly
twice as thick according to Pittier. Sometimes over 20 meters tall
with straight columnar trunk, the bark light-colored with short
horizontal fissures (Williams). Illustrated, Kunth, Mimoseae, pi. 14,'
Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: pi. 105 (fruit).
Loreto: La Victoria, Williams 2694. Rio Itaya, Williams 8293.
To the West Indies and Central America. "Shimbillo."
Inga Killipiana Macbr., spec. nov.
Arbor 5 m. alta; ramulis junioribus petiolis pedunculisque dense
fulvo-villoso-tomentosis; foliolis 4-jugis petiolulatis (petiolo communi
haud marginatis, glandulis conspicuis cupuliformis) obovatis apice
abrupte acutis, ad 14 cm. longis, 7 cm. latis, subcoriaceis, supra
leviter subadpresse hispidulosis, margine (et costa media praesertim
ad basin) conspicue fulvo-villosis, subtus imprimis ad nervos sub-
adpresse pilosis, venulis tenuiter reticulatis; pedunculis solitariis,
3-6 cm. longis; spicis ovoideis, 3 cm. longis; bracteis caducis; floribus
sessilibus, calyce sparse hispidulo-setuloso, 10 mm. longo; corolla
17 mm. longa, flava, dense sericeo-strigosa; filamentorum tubus haud
exsertus. Related to I. peltadenia and /. setifera. I. rhabdotocalyx
Harms, Repert. Sp. Nov. 13: 526. 1915, Ecuadorian, is similar but
the pubescence is hirsutulous.
San Martin: Zepelacio, near Moyobamba, 1,100 meters, Klug
3743, type.
Inga Klugii Standl., in herb.
Arbor, 7 m. alta, glabra; foliolis 2 jugis breviter petiolulatis
(petiolo communi haud marginato) late ellipticis vel subobovatis
paullo ad basin oblique angustatis, apice rotundatis, apiculatis vel
obtusis, ad 18 cm. longis, 10 cm. latis subcoriaceis, vix nitidulis supra
obscure subtus distincte tenuiterque reticulato-venosis; spicis ses-
silibus (vel fere) solitariis vel geminatis, axillaribus vel supra axillari-
bus, 1-5 cm. longis; bracteolis minutis ut videtur caducis; floribus
sessilibus, calyce obscure pulverulento vix 1 mm. longo, corolla
(vel lobis plus minusve exceptis) glabra 5 mm. longa, staminum tubo
longe exserto. Suggests I. Bourgoni (Aubl.) DC. of the Guianas,
FLORA OF PERU 27
a species with margined petioles, usually peduncled and fascicled
spikes with somewhat larger flowers. Flowers cream-colored (Klug).
San Martin: Chazuta, 260 meters, Klug 4112, type.
Inga lallensis Spruce ex Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 603.
1875.
Glabrate or the branchlets early minutely puberulent, otherwise
glabrous; stipules small; rachis emarginate with 3-4 pairs of oblong
elliptic acuminate leaflets; flowers white in densely flowered axillary
geminate long-peduncled umbels; leaflets acute at base, the larger
1.5 (2) dm. long, 5 (9) cm. broad, finally chartaceous, slightly or
not at all lustrous; peduncles 6-12 cm. long, the pedicels to 4 mm.
long; calyx 2 mm. long, the corolla about 7 mm. long; stamen tube
slightly exserted. Attains 12 meters. The Schunke specimen has
lustrous subcoriaceous ample leaflets, corollas 7-9 mm. long; cf.
/. tenuistipula and note. I. inundata Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot.
Rio Jan. 3: 48. 1922, has corolla 10-12 mm. long, the peduncles
only 2-4 cm. long.
Loreto: Rio Mazan, Jose Schunke 257 (distr. as I. umbratica).
Woods above Lalla, eastern Peru, (Spruce, type). "Shymbillo."
Inga lateriflora Miq. in Linnaea 19: 131. 1845; 602.
Similar to 7. myriantha but typically with subequal pedicels and
calyx, each only 1 mm. long; corolla 4-5 mm. long; peduncles to
1.5 cm. long; leaflets 2-3 pairs, coriaceous, lustrous, lanceolate or
ovate-oblong, obtusely acuminate, acute at base, the larger 5-7.5 cm.
long, about 2.5 cm. broad; umbels mostly 2 to several, racemosely
disposed on short branchlets or sometimes fascicled; stamen tube
long-exserted; pods shortly stiped, to 15 cm. long, 12 mm. broad,
glabrous. Several Peruvian collections have been referred to this
species; cf. 7. myriantha. I. obidensis Ducke, and var. pilosa Ducke,
both Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 9: 49. 1922, found as near Peru as
the Rio Purus, have broader leaflets, flowers about a third larger.
F.M. Neg. 1089.
Peru (perhaps). Brazil to Surinam.
Inga laxiflora Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 617. 1845;
631.
Reddish velutinous on the younger parts and calyces as 7. ingoides,
but the leaflets oblong-elliptic, the larger 8 cm. long, 2.5 cm. broad,
the peduncles about 6 cm. long supporting a laxly flowered raceme
28 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
nearly as long; leaflets in age somewhat lustrous and hirsutulous on
both sides; bracts oblong-linear, caducous; pedicels 2-4 mm. long,
calyx 8 mm. long, the corolla 18 mm. long; stamen tube slightly
exserted. F.M. Neg. 28120.
Peru: Sesuya, Mathews 3274, type.
Inga lineata Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 594. 1845;
613. 7. monzonensis Harms, Bot. Jahrb. 42: 88. 1908.
Branchlets, petioles and peduncles densely rusty-puberulent with
short, somewhat spreading firm trichomes; rachis emarginate, the
glands large, sessile, cupulate, the terminal bristle subpersisting;
leaflets 3-4 pairs, ovate or oblong-elliptic, obliquely narrowed to
the obtuse or rounded base, acuminate, the largest 15 cm. long,
nearly half as broad, lustrous and slightly reticulate-veined above,
appressed strigillose both sides especially on the midnerve and
prominent but slender parallel lateral nerves beneath, these also
clearly marked above; peduncles fascicled in the axils, 1-3 cm. long,
the upper shortly panicled, the rather laxly flowered spikes about
2 cm. long; bracts minute, subpersisting; calyx sparsely appressed
puberulent, 3 mm. long; corolla 4-5 mm. long, silky-strigose, the
stamen tube included or shortly exserted. F.M. Neg. 28123 (7.
monzonensis).
San Martin: Tarapoto, Mathews 1594, type. Near Moyobamba,
1,100 meters, tree 20 meters, the flowers cream-colored, Klug 3695
(det. Standl., 7. punctate,). Huanuco: Between Monzon and the
Rio Huallaga, 600 meters, Weberbauer 3644 (type, 7. monzonensis).
Inga longipes Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 617. 1875.
To 8 meters high with spreading crown, the ample leaflets beneath
and peduncles shortly and softly rusty-tomentose; leaf-rachis wings
1-2.5 cm. broad, the glands depressed; leaflets 3-4 pairs, about 2 dm.
long, half as wide, subcoriaceous, impressed, reticulate-veined above
and glabrate except for the densely pubescent midnerve; spikes
oblong, 4-7 cm. long on peduncles as long or longer, the almost
minute bracts caducous after anthesis; calyx glabrous, finely striate,
12 mm. long, the silky- villous corolla about twice as long; stamen
yellowish-green, the tube included. The Williams collection was
determined by Harms as 7. velutina; the immature pods showing
a strigose calyx are strongly curved, 10 cm. long, nearly 2 cm. broad,
the faces nearly closed by the flat enlarged margins, densely rusty-
tomentose. F.M. Neg. 1094.
FLORA OF PERU 29
San Martin: Tarapoto, Spruce 4935, type. Juanjui, King 4381.
Loreto: Santa Rosa, Williams 4777(1). "Rosea-shimbillo."
Inga lopadadenia Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10: 178.
1927.
Tree, the glabrous branchlets densely lenticellate, angulate, the
leaf-rachis glands conspicuous, orbicular, cupulate, the leaflets 3 or
4 pairs, shortly petiolulate, elliptic, sometimes broadly so, even to
9 cm. wide and twice as long, usually a third smaller, slightly oblique
at the rounded base, shortly acuminate, glabrous, subcoriaceous,
the lateral nerves slightly impressed above, prominent beneath;
spikes axillary, geminate or solitary or sometimes fascicled on short
branchlets, many-flowered, 7-12 cm. long, puberulent; calyces sub-
sessile, about 1 mm. long, puberulent as the corolla, this 4-4.5 mm.
long, the stamen tube little exserted. Type 8 meters high, in flood-
free woods, the flowers greenish, somewhat fragrant (Tessmann);
flowers white (Klug). F.M. Neg. 1154.
Loreto: Near Iquitos, Tessmann 5121, type; Klug 1154 (det.
Harms). Florida, Klug 2128. "Mitifio."
Inga loretana Macbr., spec. nov.
Arbor 8 m. alta; ramulis teretibus junioribus pedunculisque
paullo puberulentis demum glabratis; foliolis 4-5 jugis crasse
petiolulatis (petiolo communi nudo) late ellipticis, 10-16 cm. longis,
4.5-7.5 cm. latis, cuspidatis, basi suboblique rotundatis, rigide
chartaceis, glabris, vix nitidulis, praecipue subtus reticulato-venosis;
pedunculis ut videtur plus minusve paniculatis interdum 5 cm. longis;
floribus capitatis evidenter pedicellatis (pedicellis ad 2.5 mm. longis)
calyce minute puberulento, vix striato circa 6 mm. longo, corolla
breviter adpresseque strigosa circa 12 mm. longa. Flowers white;
bracts small, caducous; rachis glands orbicular, sessile, moderately
large. There is only one ovoid head developed.
Loreto: Mishuyacu, Klug 1308 (type, U. S. Nat. Mus.).
Inga macrophylla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 1015.
1806; 622. /. calocephala Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 78.
1845, fide Benth.
Tree with flexuous angled branchlets, ample bright green leaves
consisting of 3-4 pairs of broadly oval leaflets, and geminate or
fasciculate peduncled ovoid spikes of white flowers with glabrous
calyces, lustrous-villous elongate corollas and many white long-
30 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
exserted stamens; stipules rotund ovate, often 1 cm. broad and as
long or longer, persisting; leaf-rachis broadly winged, the cupulate
glands prominent; leaflets shortly acuminate, rounded at base,
usually 2 dm. long or longer, half as wide, chartaceous, lustrous
above, paler beneath, slightly hispidulous on the nerves, these
prominent, the veins reticulate; peduncles hispidulous or glabrate,
2-6 cm. long, the ovoid spikes persistently bracted, the bracts about
6 mm. long, half as broad; calyces tubular, striate, to 15 mm.
long, sometimes with a few trichomes, the corolla finally 4 cm. long;
stamen tube included as to Peruvian specimens. Pods large to
4 dm. long, 4.5 cm. wide, the hispidity disappearing in age except
along the strongly dilated margins; common in the Amazon region
in argillaceous non-inundated soils and often cultivated for the
very pulpy fruits (Ducke). F.M. Neg. 1090.
San Martin: Pongo de Cainarachi, Klug 2673. Loreto: Yuri-
maguas, Poeppig 2111 (type, /. calocephala). Near Iquitos, Klug
89 (det. Harms). Contamana, Kittip & Smith 26871. Bolivia to
Venezuela.
Inga marginata Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 1015. 1806; 608. I. excelsa
Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 78. 1845. I. pycnostachya Benth.
in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 589. 1845. /. odorata G. Don, Gen.
Syst. 2: 388. 1832(?).
Usually a medium-sized glabrous tree or the slender lenticellate
branchlets apically somewhat rusty-puberulent as also the more or
less margined leaf-rachi and spikes including the almost minute
calyces, these barely 1 mm. long; leaflets 2 (3) pairs, oblong-lanceo-
late, or oblong-elliptic, ordinarily 7-12 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. broad,
or on vigorous shoots the terminal at least larger, obliquely acute
at base, acuminate, chartaceous in age; glands sessile, cupulate;
spikes very shortly peduncled, solitary or geminate, often 7 cm. long
or longer, the bracts small, persisting er more or less promptly
caducous; flowers sometimes minutely and obscurely pedicellate,
white, fragrant, the corolla glabrous or nearly, 4 (5) mm. long, the
staminal tube typically exserted but in some forms not at all; pods
flat, to 12 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. broad, rounded at both ends, apiculate
at tip, striate-veined, glabrous, the margins nerviform. Variable;
Williams 92 may be designated var. itayensis Macbr., var. nov.,
corollis ad 6 mm. longis. /. fagifolia (L.) Willd., 607, as it has been
interpreted, is very similar if indeed specifically distinct. Hassler,
Repert. Sp. Nov. 16: 154. 1919, proposed /. fagifolia var. marginata
(Willd.) Hassl., and other variants, interpreting the Linnean plant
FLORA OF PERU 31
as having generally larger leaflets, corollas to 6 mm. long, and his
action would be accepted except that probably /. fagifolia L. and
I. fagifolia of authors are not the same; cf. I. yacoana. Sometimes
nearly 20 meters high, the crown flat or spreading (Williams).
Specimens determined by Harms except as indicated. Illustrated,
Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: pi. 125. F.M. Negs. 1091; 32057.
Cajamarca: Hacienda de Ninabamba, Prov. deChota, (Raimondi).
San Martin: Juanjui, Klug 3793 (det. Standl.). Pongo de Caina-
rachi, Klug 2669 (det. Standl.). Huanuco: Casapi, Mathews 1922.
Cuchero, Poeppig 1335 (type, /. excelsa). Junin: Colonia Perene",
Killip & Smith 25133 (det. Standl.). La Merced, 5427. Vitoc,
(Raimondi). San Martin: Moyobamba, (Mathews, type, /. pycno-
stachya); Weberbauer 4768; 288. Loreto: Rio Itaya, Williams 9; 92
(det. Harms, var.). Santa Rosa, Williams 4927. Yurimaguas,
Williams 4217. La Victoria, Williams 3184. Rio Nanay, Williams
499. Rio Acre: Near mouth of Rio Macauhan, Krukoff 5310(1).
Locality unknown, Ruiz & Pavon. Bolivia to Central America.
"Huaro," "uscopacay," "shimbillo," "Colorado," "pacay del monte."
Inga Mathewsiana Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 594.
1845; 594.
Small or medium-sized tree with 5-6 foliolate leaves and clustered
peduncles bearing subglobose heads of white flowers in the upper
axils or at the ends of leafy puberulent or shortly villous branchlets;
stipules ovate-lanceolate; leaf-rachis emarginate, the circular glands
depressed; leaflets oblong, usually somewhat elliptic, shortly acute
at base, more or less acuminate, those of the flowering branchlets
ordinarily about 10 cm. long, 3-4 cm. broad, or apparently as
interpreted here to 3 times as long as broad, subcoriaceous, scarcely
lustrous, moderately reticulate both sides and glabrate unless ob-
scurely puberulent on the veins; bracts 2 mm. long, subpersisting;
calyx 5-6 mm. long, appressed puberulent; corolla 10-12 mm. long,
silky-pilose, the stamen tube included, or apparently sometimes
shortly exserted; pods (as to Rusby 996, det. Pittier) 6 cm. long, 2.5
cm. broad, several mm. thick, the margins little thickened, glabrous.
My 5797 in fruit has pod 7.5 cm. long, 2 cm. broad, obtuse at each
end, evanescently puberulent and may belong here but the mature
leaves are rather densely and crisply pilose beneath. This includes
as described I. nobilis (which compare) in large part as to Peru. /.
olivacea Sprague, Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 22: 430. 1904, of Colombia,
found, according to Britton & Killip, as near as the Rio Putumayo,
32 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
has very slender, sparsely setulose calyces and corollas. Flowers faintly
fragrant, borne in such profusion that the tree crown seems white
(Woytkowski). F.M. Neg. 28126.
San Martin: Pongo de Cainarachi, Klug 2722. Rioja, 900 meters,
Woytkowski 23 (det. Standl., /. nobilis). Moyobamba, Malhews,
type. Junin: La Merced, 5797(1). Loreto: Rio Mazan, Jose
Schunke 39 (det. Standl.). Above Rancho Indiana, overflowed
bank, Mexia 6407 (det. Standl., /. nobilis). Bolivia. "Shimbillo."
Inga maynensis Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 613. 1875.
Branchlets, petioles and peduncles densely reddish-tomentulose;
stipules short, ovate, caducous; leaf-rachis emarginate, the glands
orbicular, sessile, small or rather large; leaflets subsessile, 2 pairs,
oblong-elliptic or broadly elliptic, slightly narrowed to the obtuse
base, abruptly and very shortly acuminate, mostly about 10 cm.
long, half as broad, coriaceous, glabrous and lustrous above, the
prominent parallel nerves beneath as the midnerve more or less
densely fulvous-pubescent, the fine veins glabrate; peduncles axillary,
2-3 cm. long, the spikes subcapitate with rachis only 4-6 mm. long,
the minute bracts often caducous; calyx closely and minutely puberu-
lent, obscurely striate, 6 mm. long; corolla silky-strigose, 12-14 mm.
long, the stamen tube included; pods sessile, strongly oblique at
base, plane, glabrous, the margins scarcely elevated, 1.5 dm. long
or longer, 2.5 cm. broad. Bentham referred with query to the
closely related I. rufinervis Spruce, 612, a specimen by Spruce from
Yurimaguas which it seems probable should be included here; it
is not clear anyway that there is any fundamental distinction between
the species. F.M. Neg. 32058.
Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig (Herb. Vienna, type); also Spruce,
same locality, cf. note above. Brazil?
Inga microcoma Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 301.
1915.
Glabrous except for the puberulent, shortly peduncled axillary
spikes which identify the species readily by their slenderness, the
flowers only 3-4 mm. long and, at least as to type, fully equaled by
the oblanceolate bracts; leaf-rachis narrowly margined with 2 pairs
of subsessile leaflets, these oblong-elliptic or slightly obovate, obtuse
or acute at base, rounded or shortly acuminate at apex, 3.5-10 cm.
long, 2-4.5 cm. broad; spikes shortly peduncled, 4 cm. long or longer;
calyx 1-1.5 mm. long. Tree 20 to 30 meters high, the flowers white.
FLORA OF PERU 33
The Krukoff specimen has laxly flowered spikes, the bracts apparently
shorter than the calyces but these are not yet fully developed. F.M.
Neg. 1156.
Rio Acre: Seringal San Francisco, Ule 9431. Mouth of Rio
Macauhan, Krukoff 5392. Brazil?
Inga myriantha Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 77. pi.
289. 1845; 601.
Tree, recorded to 10 meters high, glabrous except for a minute
and sparse pubescence on the young leaves and umbellate inflores-
cences; branchlets terete or nearly, lenticellate; stipules linear,
caducous or subpersisting; leaflets 2 pairs, the rachis broadly and
obcuneately winged, the blades oblong-elliptic, acuminate, the upper
about 12 cm. long, 4 cm. broad, the lower pair half as large, lustrous,
reticulate-veined both sides, coriaceous; glands orbicular, scutellate;
umbels axillary on short branchlets, the peduncles 3-4 cm. long, the
slender pedicels (4) 10-18 mm. long; bracts subulate; calyx 3-5 mm.
long, dentate, the slender greenish corolla 10 mm. long; stamens
white, their tube included or scarcely exserted. Illustrated, Contr.
U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: pi. 85. F.M. Neg. 1097.
San Martin: Chazuta, King 4152 (distr. as I. lateriflora). Near
Moyobamba, Klug 3692 (distr. as I. lateriflora). Junin: Chancha-
mayo Valley, 1,500 meters, Schunke 1611; 1812. Loreto: Yuri-
maguas, in dense woods, Poeppig, type. Near Iquitos, Klug 2522
(distr. as /. lateriflora). Mouth of Rio Santiago, Tessmann 4135
(pedicels 3-4 mm. long; det. Harms, I. umbratica, pedicels shorter).
Locality unknown, Mathews 1593. To the Guianas.
Inga nobilis Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 1047. 1809; 614.
In general like I. punctata and /. Ruiziana, but, at least as to type,
with pedicellate flowers, the pedicels to 1 mm. long; leaflets 3-4
pairs, ovate or oblong-elliptic, acuminate, subchartaceous, glabrous
except on the nerves and veins beneath, the latter commonly reticu-
late both sides; rachis emarginate, usually bristle- tipped, the glands
small; peduncles to 6 cm. long, the racemes scarcely 1.5 cm. long;
calyx 5 mm. long, the corolla at least typically only 8 mm.
long; pods 1-1.5 dm. long, 2 cm. broad, the margins thickened.
Apparently rare in Peru or more probably the species is variable and
the diagnosis should be drawn to include forms treated as related
species. Simulates some forms of I. quaternata. I. Rusbyi Pittier,
Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 179. 1916, Bolivian, would key here;
34 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
the spikes at anthesis are globose, bracts persisting, flowers sessile,
the glabrate calyx 5-6 mm. long, the corolla appressed silky strigose
toward tip, 8-9.7 mm. long. Klug 3259 simulates /. Mathewsiana
but for the pedicelled shorter flowers. In Dahlem Tessmann 3875
and 371 from Loreto, the corollas about 10 mm. long, have been
referred here. Illustrated, Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: pi. 129. F.M.
Neg. 1101.
San Martin: Near Moyobamba, Klug 3259 (det. Standl.).
Junin: La Merced, Killip & Smith 23485 (1). Loreto: Middle
Ucayali, Tessmann 3281 (det. Harms, /. punctata affine). Yuri-
maguas, Killip & Smith 28148. Rio Acre: (Kuhlmann 17517, det.
Ducke). Brazil to Colombia and the Guianas.
Inga obscura Macbr., spec. nov.
Arbor, 10 m. alta; ramulis inflorescentiisque dense rufo-tomento-
sis; foliolis 3-4 jugis petiolulatis (petiolo communi haud marginato)
obovatis, basi acutis, apice obtusis vel breviter acutis ad 17 cm.
longis, 8 cm. latis, coriaceis, supra nitidis, glabris, nervis impressis,
subtus nervis et venulis prominenter reticulatis plus minusve longe
hirsutulis; pedunculis fasciculato-paniculatis (vel axillaribus?), 3 cm.
longis; spicis densis 2 cm. longis, floribus sessilibus; corolla 7 mm.
longa, puberulo-strigosa calycem plus duplo excedente, staminum
tubo haud exserto. Suggests /. juglandifolia Willd. and /. nobilis
Willd. (under which name it was distributed) both with veins
conspicuous both sides, the leaflets of the former acuminate, the
corolla villous, the flowers of the latter pedicellate. The petiole
glands as in I. juglandifolia are obscure.
San Martin: Zepelacio, near Moyobamba, 1,100 meters, Klug
3690, type.
Inga Pardoana Harms, Bot. Jahrb. 42: 89. 1908.
Similar to I. quaternata but the leaflets merely acute and only
shortly narrowed well above the middle portion but long-narrowed
to base; corolla more flaring at tip. As noted by Harms, /. boliviana
Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 17: 9. 1890, and /. Wittiana Harms,
Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 48: 161. 1907, the latter of Brazil, and,
fide Ducke, Rio Acre, are closely allied but the author suggests
/. Pardoana is distinct from both in the somewhat thicker larger
flowers (9-10 mm.), denser pubescence, and, especially, in the
scarcely if at all acuminate leaflets, stamen tube obscurely or very
shortly exserted. In /. Wittiana, fide Harms, the tube is strongly
FLORA OF PERU 35
exserted, the bracts a little smaller. /. Pardoana suggests the
Peruvian form of I. nobilis except that the veins are obscure above
and the flower-rachis short. Only more collections will prove the
specific importance of these differences. Named for the former
President Pardo of Peru. F.M. Neg. 1162.
Huanuco: Pampayacu, Kanehira 211. Junin: Near Huacapis-
tana, 1,500 meters, Weberbauer 2339, type; 252.
Inga Pavoniana G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 388. 1832; 623.
Somewhat rusty-hirsutulous at least the branchlet tips, peduncles
and prominent leaf-nerves and veins beneath; leaf-rachis narrowly
winged with 3-^4 pairs of oblong-obovate, acutely acuminate leaflets,
about 15 cm. long, 6 cm. broad, sparsely subappressed pubescent
above; peduncles axillary, 4 cm. long or longer, the ovoid spike to
6 cm. long with linear bracts 1 cm. long persisting after anthesis;
calyx finely striate, 12 mm. long, sparsely reddish-setulose; corolla
appressed silky-villous, 3.5 cm. long, the stamen tube little if at
all exserted; pods about 1 dm. long, 2.5 cm. thick, fleshy, the margins
strongly elevated. The pod seen by Bentham, which he suggests
might not belong to the species, was glabrous; that of Weberbauer
is 7 cm. long, 2 cm. broad, 1.5 cm. thick, deeply sulcate by the ele-
vated margins, lightly rusty-hirsutulous, and was referred by Harms
to I. Hartii Urb. Symb. Ant. 1: 311. 1899, of Trinidad as a "var."
which may be correct but Urban's species seems to be known only
from Trinidad to this day, is less pubescent and has glabrous (or
nearly) pods 2.5-4 cm. broad. F.M. Neg. 29422.
Huanuco: Chinchao, Ruiz & Pavdn, type; Raimondi. Casapi,
(Mathews 307; 1924, fide Bentham). Junin: La Merced, Weber-
bauer 931 ; 282.
Inga peltadenia Harms, Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 48: 160.
1906. /. Thibaudiana DC. Prodr. 2: 434. 1825, var. latifolia Benth.
in Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: 480. 1876.
Branchlets more or less rusty- tomentulose; leaf-rachis emargi-
nate, the glands large, peltate, with 3-5 pairs of shortly petiolulate,
broadly and obliquely elliptic leaflets, rounded at base, shortly
acuminate, 7-12 cm. long, 4-8 cm. broad, subcoriaceous or charta-
ceous, lustrous above, sparsely puberulent, especially on the mid-
nerve, densely villous and conspicuously veined beneath; spikes
fascicled in the axils or panicled, shortly villous or the tubular
calyx merely puberulent, 4-4.5 mm. long; corolla densely silky-
36 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
villous, 15-19 mm. long or somewhat longer; pods (fide Pittier)
straight or nearly, flat, rounded at base, apiculate, fulvous pubescent,
the margins elevated, nearly 2 dm. long, 2 cm. broad. As remarked
by Harms, very closely related to I. Thibaudiana DC. and perhaps
only a variety but the Peruvian plants are more densely pubescent;
Spruce 4915, var. latifolia Benth., is apparently Harms' species and
the flowers on the particular specimen seen by me are not any larger,
but a certain variation is of course to be expected. Ducke, Leg.
Amaz. Bras. 18. 1939, refers these specimens to /. rubiginosa (Rich.)
DC. of the Guianas and adjacent Brazil, typically with more velvety
tomentum, larger leaflets, the corolla-pubescence densely tangled
instead of merely silky with straight or nearly straight trichomes.
F.M. Neg. 1163.
San Martin: Tarapoto, Ule 6451, type; Spruce 4915. Loreto:
Yurimaguas, Killip & Smith 29049. Bolivia; Ecuador?
Inga plumifera Spruce ex Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 621.
1875.
Five to 15 meters high, the light brown bark with small darker
brown lenticels, the crown spreading, the branchlets, petioles and
peduncles densely reddish pubescent with short subappressed tri-
chomes, these extending to the leaf-rachi and calyces; glands rather
small or inconspicuous, the rachis wings prominent; leaflets typically
sessile, in the Peruvian specimens stoutly short-petiolulate, 5 pairs,
ovate-oblong-elliptic, acutely acuminate, rounded at base, the middle
ones 1.5 dm. long, a third as broad, sparsely hirsutulous but lustrous
and rugulose above by the impressed nerves and veins, these con-
spicuous and sparsely hirsutulous beneath, otherwise glabrous;
peduncles nearly lacking, the axillary spikes with 3-4 sessile flowers,
the small ovate bracts caducous before anthesis; calyx 1.5 cm. long,
the densely silky-villous corolla about 5 cm. long, twice exceeded
by the stamens, their tube well-exserted. /. quadrangularis Ducke,
Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 3: 60. 1922, and /. calantha Ducke, I.e.
4: 18. 1925, both Brazilian and similar, have well-peduncled spikes,
the former with nearly emarginate leaf-rachis. F.M. Neg. 1108.
Loreto: Timbuchi, on the Rio Nanay, Williams 958. Brazil.
"Cotochupa."
Inga Poeppigiana Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 602.
1845; 620. I. ciliata Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 78. 1845,
not Presl.
FLORA OF PERU 37
Slender flowering branchlets. petioles and leaf nerves beneath
sparsely ciliate-hirsute; stipules subrotund-ovate, about 5 mm. long;
leaflets 3 pairs, oblong-elliptic, acuminate, obliquely rounded at
base, 12 cm. long, 5 cm. broad or smaller, membranous, lustrous above
and glabrous except for the sparsely hispid slender nerves; rachis
broadly winged, the small circular glands deeply cupulate; spikes
sessile, only 1-2.5 cm. long, the crowded membranous ciliate bracts
5 mm. long, persisting; calyx finely striate, glabrous except for the
shortly ciliolate teeth, 12-15 mm. long; corolla slender, to 3 cm.
long, glabrous unless for a few cilia near the tip, the stamen tube
included. F.M. Neg. 1109.
Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig 2436, type.
Inga pruriens Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 78. 1845;
618. I. Weberbaueri Harms, Bot. Jahrb. 42: 90. 1908 (?).
Small tree, the branchlets soon terete and the petioles and leaf
nerves beneath sparsely rusty-hirsute; leaflets 2-3 pairs, broadly
elliptic or slightly obovate, somewhat narrowed at the obtuse or
rounded base, shortly acuminate, as much as 3 dm. long, about a
third as broad, glabrous above, often with at least 1 small gland on
the midnerve near the base (the winged rachis with similar glands),
rigid-chartaceous, the lateral nerves many and subparallel, more or
less impressed above, prominent with the veins beneath; spikes
axillary, laxly flowered, sessile or very shortly peduncled, 4-7 cm.
long, the ovate acute hirsute bracts persisting, 3-4 mm. long; calyx
and corolla hirsute, the former rather sparsely, 15 mm. long, striate,
the latter 4-4.5 cm. long, the stamen tube long exserted. The
corolla pubescence is brown, the flower within and the filaments
white (Weberbauer, from whose collection the description is in part
taken). It has not been possible to determine if a gland is present
on the leaflet nerve of the type of Harms' species but the types of
both species agree so well in all other respects that this character
alone is not significant; the gland is lacking on some leaflets of /.
pruriens. F.M. Negs. 1175 (Weberbauer); 32061.
Huanuco: Prov. Huamalies, near Monzon, 700 meters, Weber-
bauer 3695 (type, I. Weberbaueri) ; 285. Tocache, Poeppig 2015, type.
Inga pulchriflora Ducke, Archiv. Inst. Biol. Veg. Rio Jan. 2:
37. 1935.
Small tree, all of the younger parts including the large dense ter-
minal panicles densely reddish-hispid-villous; bract-like stipule at the
38 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
base of the inflorescence large, concave, abundantly pilose without;
leaf-rachis emarginate, glabrate, the glands sessile or lacking; leaflets
2 pairs, shortly petiolulate, the upper 1.5 dm. long or longer, 8 cm.
broad or broader (lowest much smaller), obovate, obtuse or nearly
rounded at base, broadly obtuse and often apiculate at apex, coria-
ceous, more or less bullate-rugose above by the impressed nerves and
veins and in age glabrate, lustrous, densely reddish-hirsute on the
very prominent nerves beneath; peduncles 2-4 cm. long; bracts 2-4
mm. long, equaling the densely hirsute pedicels; calyx 10-12 mm. long,
ashy-pubescent, the white sericeous corolla a third longer, its stamen
tube included; pods flat, bi-ridged by the somewhat thickened
margins, 15 cm. long, 2 cm. broad, rounded at both ends, closely
and shortly brown-tomentose-villous. Attains 16 meters (Krukoff).
Rio Acre: Seringal Iracema, inundated woods, Ducke, type.
Mouth of the Rio Macauhan, Krukoff 5243. Brazil.
Inga punctata Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 1016. 1806; 613.
Small essentially glabrous tree or the young parts obscurely
appressed puberulent, the leaflets typically slightly punctate scabrous
above, finely appressed strigillose beneath; rachis emarginate, the
rather prominent glands depressed; leaflets ordinarily 2 pairs, ob-
long-elliptic, rounded or acutish at base, shortly and acutely acumi-
nate, the terminal to 15 cm.long, nearly half as broad, the lower pair
much smaller, somewhat lustrous above, prominently nerved and
reticulate-veined beneath; peduncles 2-4 cm. long, mostly panicled
at the branched tips, the ovoid spikes 1-2 cm. long; bracts minute,
more or less promptly caducous; calyx appressed strigillose, typically
barely 3 mm. long, the silky-villous corolla twice as long, the stamen
tube shortly if at all exserted ; pods subsessile, 1 dm. long or longer,
2-2.5 cm. broad, plane, the margins little elevated, the seeds
separated by transverse impressions. Variable or not understood.
Killip & Smith 29406 seems to belong here but not being typical
it may be designated var. elongata Macbr., var. nov., foliis oblongis
longe acuminatis; corollis ad 12 mm. longis. The leaf-rachis is ob-
scurely margined, apparently nearly var. chagrensis Pittier, Journ.
Dept. Agric. Porto Rico 13, no. 4: 135. 1929, or var. panamensis
Benth., 613, the flowers still somewhat longer, the leaflets narrower;
Killip & Smith 22732, however, seems from description to be Pittier's
variety. 7. strigillosa Spruce, 612, is according to Harms the same
but Bentham maintained the Spruce form apparently on the basis
of its more abundant puberulence and corollas 8 mm. long. I.
FLORA OF PERU 39
dumosa Benth. I.e. seems to be a glabrous form, the corolla 10 mm.
long; in the longer corolla at least these approach my var. elongata.
Specimens referred to this species at Dahlem include Weberbauer
3427, Tessmann 3443, the last from Loreto; they have calyces as
much as 4 mm. long. /. tenuirama Harms, Repert. Sp. Nov. 13:
527. 1915, of Ecuador, allied by the author to I. aggregate, et rels.,
would apparently be sought here; it has 3 pairs of leaflets, glabrous
or nearly glabrous calyces 4 mm. long. F.M. Neg. 1112.
Amazonas: Near Santa Rosa, (Raimondi). San Martin: Santa
Cruz, (Raimondi); Pongo de Cainarachi, Klug 2693. San Roque,
Williams 7394. Huanuco: Chinchao, (Raimondi). Ayacucho:
Aina, Killip & Smith 22732 (var.). Loreto: Caballo-Cocha,
Williams 2446 (det. Standl.). Yurimaguas, Williams 5233 (det.
Standl., /. Ruiziana); (Raimondi). Rio Itaya, Killip & Smith
29406 (type, var. elongata); Williams 3512. Mouth of Rio Apaga,
Tessmann 3875 (var.). Rio Acre: Rio Macauhan, Krukoff 5744;
Ule 9430 (det. Harms). Colombia to Venezuela and Central America.
"Shimbillo," "rufindi."
Inga quaternata Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 79. 1845;
603.
Small tree or sometimes 12 meters or so high, the younger parts
including the leaflet veins beneath and the flowers puberulent or the
latter sericeous-tomentose, the corollas always densely so; leaf-
rachis emarginate, the glands small or obscure; leaflets 3-4 pairs,
oblong-elliptic, obliquely rounded at base, shortly acuminate, some-
what lustrous, finely reticulate-veined, chartaceous, often 15 cm.
long, about 5 cm. broad or broader; peduncles 2.5 to several cm.
long, solitary but usually some also in an ample terminal panicle;
pedicels 2-12 mm. long, rarely obsolete, numerous, the narrowly
obconic striate calyx 3-5 mm. long, the pubescence sometimes sparse,
the corolla 8-12 mm. long, little enlarged apically; stamen tube
barely exserted ; pods little dilated at margins, rusty velvety (Ducke).
Flowers white, pulp surrounding seeds edible (Mexia). Cf. /.
Pavoniana. Tessmann 5307 from Loreto has pedicels only 3-3.5
mm. long, calyx 7 mm. long, corolla nearly twice as long; det. Harms
as "affine"; in Klug 2068 the pedicels are only 1 mm. long, the pedun-
cles axillary; in Mexia 6325 the calyx is only 3 mm. long, the corolla
12 mm. long; these and other aberrant collections seem to indicate
only a reasonable range of variation. Cf. /. nobilis. F.M. Neg.
1113 (not type collection).
40 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
Huanuco: Pampayacu, Kanehira 41. Loreto: Yurimaguas,
Mexia 6076 (det. Standl., /. corymbifera Benth.?); Killip & Smith
28307; 281 54; Williams 3944 (all det. Harms) . Pongo de Manseriche,
Mexia 6325 (det. Standl.). Florida, King 2068. Near Iquitos,
Klug 486 (det. Harms). La Victoria, Williams 3185 (det. Harms).
Rio Mazan, Jose Schunke 335. Rio Acre: Mouth of Rio Macauhan,
Krukoff 5254. Brazil; Colombia. "Shimbillo."
Inga Ruiziana G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 391. 1832; 614. /. foliosa
Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 597. 1845.
Medium-sized often widely branched tree, the young branchlets
densely white lenticellate and more or less rusty-puberulent, the
leaves crowded, ample, with 4-6 (8) pairs of oblong-elliptic shortly
acuminate, glabrous or nearly glabrous leaflets; rachis sometimes
obscurely margined, the glands sessile, depressed; leaflets mostly
1.5-2 dm. long, 5-7 cm. broad, subcoriaceous, lustrous, the nerves
prominent both sides, the veins only beneath, the former usually
sparsely and minutely puberulent; peduncles 1-2 (4) cm. long,
fascicled in the upper axils or densely panicled, the ovoid spikes
scarcely more than 1 cm. long; calyx and corolla more or less puberu-
lent (lightly strigillose in type) the former 3-4 mm. long, the latter
6-8 mm. long; stamen tube included or slightly exserted; pods
puberulent or glabrate, to 1.5 dm. long, 2-2.5 (4) cm. broad.
Sometimes 15 meters high, with white fragrant flowers; the pulp
surrounding the seed is eaten by boys and monkeys (Mexia). F.M.
Neg. 1116.
San Martin: Lamas, Williams 6466(1). Near Chazuta, (Rai-
mondi). Huanuco: Tocache, Poeppig. Shapajilla, 630 meters,
Woytkowski 10. Without locality, Ruiz & Pawn, type; Mathews
1923. Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig 2443 (type, I. foliosa); Mexia
6073. Rio Santiago, Tessmann 3725 (det. Harms) ; Mexia 6334; 61 76.
Pebas, Williams 1753. Balsapuerto, Klug 3094; 3151. Caballo-
Cocha, Williams 2288. Contamana, Killip & Smith 26873 (distr.
as /. nobilis). Brazil to Central America. "Ucsha-quiro," "pacay,"
"shimbillo."
Inga setifera DC. Prodr. 2: 432. 1825; 615.
Small tree, the branchlets, leaflets beneath and peduncles more
or less rusty-puberulent or shortly pilose-setulose; leaflets usually
2 pairs, broadly elliptic, shortly acuminate, the larger 15 cm. long,
6-7 cm. broad, becoming coriaceous and lustrous above, reticulate-
FLORA OF PERU 41
veined and sometimes glabrate beneath; rachis wings short but
usually rather conspicuous as also the cupulate glands, the rachis
terminating in a fragile or deciduous bristle; peduncles several cm.
long, solitary or geminate, the spikes about 3 cm. long; calyx narrowly
tubular, striate, sparsely sometimes minutely setulose or glabrate,
6-7 mm. long; corolla appressed silky-hirsute, 12-15 mm. long, the
stamen tube included; pods flat, about 10-15 cm. long, 2 cm. broad
or broader, the margins somewhat raised. /. splendens Willd., 615,
rather similar and to which Harms referred Klug 1172 as "affine,"
has obtuse glabrous leaflets, the narrowly if at all winged rachis
without bristle; the Klug specimen has a bristle, the leaflets acumi-
nate; the same authority referred Williams 939 and 1143 as "affine"
/. pilosiuscula Desv. Journ. Bot. 1: 71. 1814; 616, that is, I. pilosula
(Rich.) Macbr., comb. nov. (Mimosa pilosula Rich. Act. Soc. Hist.
Nat. Paris 113. 1792), which probably is the earliest name for these
closely allied forms but, at least as to type, has coriaceous lustrous
essentially glabrous leaflets like those of /. nitida Willd. and is scarcely
different apparently unless the calyx and corolla are both somewhat
shorter, and the leaf-rachis without terminal bristle. The flowers
of /. setifera typically are a beautiful golden yellow (Ducke). Here
would be sought the Ecuadorian /. balaensis Pittier, Contr. U. S.
Nat. Herb. 18: 201. 1916, calyces 10-12 mm. long, corollas twice
as long, leaflets very broad, the lower pair much smaller than the
upper, these 11-17 cm. long, 7-10.5 cm. wide. Illustrated, Bot.
Mag. pi. 5075 (as /. macrophylla) . F.M. Negs. 6982; 21855.
Loreto: Mishuyacu, flowers bright yellow, Klug 892 (det. Harms) ;
flowers white, Klug 1172. Rio Nanay, Williams 939; 1143. To
Trinidad. "Shimbillo-rujinti."
Inga setosa G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 388. 1832; 624.
Densely rather long hirsute setose at least on the branchlets,
broadly winged leaf-rachis beneath and peduncles, the last axillary,
5 cm. long or longer, bearing a subglobose spike about 4 cm. thick;
stipules broad; rachis glands small, stipitate; leaflets (3) 5-6 pairs,
oblong-elliptic, shortly acuminate, moderately long pilose both sides,
conspicuously venose beneath, the larger 15 cm. long, less than half
as broad; calyx striate, pubescent, 10 mm. long, the villous corolla
about 15 mm. long, the stamen tube included. Type at Oxford,
without data. Scrap at Dahlem from Bernhardi Herb., from which
the negative was made, determined as this species, has leaflets 8 cm.
long, 2 cm. wide and smaller, bracts subulate-linear, persisting, calyx
42 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
7 mm. long, the narrow teeth lightly hispid as the corolla, this 12 mm.
long. F.M. Neg. 1119.
Peru(?) : Pavdn, type.
Inga stenoptera Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 2: 143. 1840;
616.
Similar to /. setifera but the leaflets ordinarily only 5 cm. broad
or narrower, subcoriaceous, lustrous, finally glabrate and the rachis
wing narrow or imperfect, sometimes obscure; spikes ovoid-globose
or becoming 1.5 cm. long. Pods apparently unknown but probably
this is a form of /. pilosula (cf. note under /. setifera) with more
narrowly oblong, more shortly acuminate leaflets. Calyx teeth in
type from northern Brazil are ovate; in the Spruce specimen they
are a little narrower. F.M. Neg. 1123.
San Martin: Tarapoto, Spruce 4126 (det. Benth.). Brazil.
Inga stipulacea G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 391. 1832; 621. /.
setigera Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 80. 1845. /. rufiseta
Benth. Mart. Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: 489. 1876. /. chaetophora Harms,
Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 299. 1915.
Sparsely branched tree, the branchlets, petioles and large rigid
persisting stipules, these even to 2.5 cm. long, densely hispid with
spreading stiff reddish trichomes; leaf-rachis emarginate, the glands
sessile or stoutly stipitate; leaflets 3-5 pairs, oblong, shortly acumi-
nate, slightly narrower at the rounded base, the larger 3 dm. long,
7 cm. broad, mostly smaller, rigid-membranous or subcoriaceous,
shortly and sparsely pubescent above, paler and setulose on the
veins beneath; spikes axillary, becoming oblong, the peduncles
little exceeding the bract-like stipules, the oblong or linear obtuse
bracts persisting after anthesis; calyx 16-18 mm. long, tubular,
striate, glabrous; corolla about 2 cm. long with a few setae near the
tip, the stamen tube long-exserted. The corolla in the Harms speci-
men is white and somewhat more pubescent; with it were two pods,
1-3.5 dm. long, 2-2.5 cm. broad, weakly bi-keeled on the margins,
more or less brown-hispid. F.M. Negs. 1143 (/. chaetophora); 32063
(/. setigera).
Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig 2391 (type, /. setigera}. Without
locality, Ruiz & Pavon, type. Rio Acre: Ule 9^1 (type, /. chaeto-
phora). Brazil.
Inga striata Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. B, t. 4: 608. 1845;
619. /. ochroclada Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 302. 1915.
FLORA OF PERU 43
Tree, the branchlets, petioles and peduncles densely villous with
short spreading yellowish-brown trichomes, the leaflets beneath and
especially on the midnerve above more or less similarly pubescent;
leaf-rachis conspicuously winged with 3-5 pairs of oblong-elliptic
leaflets, rounded at base, acuminate, usually 10-15 cm. long, 3-5 (8)
cm. broad, lustrous but somewhat hirsute above, finely reticulate-
veined, the lateral nerves prominent beneath, the texture finally
subcoriaceous; peduncles 3-10 cm. long or longer, the rachis about
3 cm. long with linear bracts 6 mm. long or longer, caducous at
least shortly after anthesis; calyces sessile, tubular, hirsutulous or
becoming glabrate (or glabrous) stria te, (8) 10-15 (17) mm. long;
corolla densely sericeous-villous, (1.8) 2.5 (3) cm. long; stamen tube
included; pods rusty- villous, the margins strongly dilated and
raised, about 3 dm. long, 1.5 cm. broad. /. Eggersii Harms, Bot.
Jahrb. 42: 88. 1908, Ecuadorian, has persisting bracts 7-11 mm. long,
calyx sparsely puberulent or subglabrous, 7-8 mm. long, corolla
about 2.5 cm. long. The larger floral measurements refer to the
type of /. ochroclada but they do not seem to be significant;
however, the pod of his plant is unknown. F.M. Negs. 1124; 1159
(7. ochroclada).
Junin: Colonia Perene", Killip & Smith 24995. San Martin:
Shapaja, Belshaw 31 75 (?, young). Rio Acre: Seringal San Francisco,
Ule 9419. South America.
Inga tarapotensis Spruce ex Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 609.
1875.
Glabrous except for a sparse minute probably evanescent puberu-
lence on the obscurely winged leaf-rachi and the slender axillary or
lateral and clustered peduncles, these sometimes 2.5 cm. long;
glands small, scutellate; leaflets 2-3 pairs, obliquely oblong-elliptic,
rounded or obtuse at apex, coriaceous, lustrous above, paler and
obscurely venose beneath, 5-7.5 cm. long, about 2 cm. broad; heads
subglobose, the rachis scarcely 4 mm. long; pedicels fully 1 mm.
long, the calyx nearly twice as long; corolla 5-6 mm. long, the stamen
tube finally well-exserted ; pods compressed, 18 cm. long, nearly 2.5
cm. broad, rounded at both ends, apiculate at apex, glabrous, the
margins nerviform. Type 6 meters, the white flowers with the
fragrance of Narthecium, the bog asphodel of gardens (Spruce).
Spruce 4565, in fruit, from which the description of the pod is drawn,
could belong to /. cynometrifolia; I. paraensis Ducke, Archiv. Jard.
Bot. Rio Jan. 4: 12. 1925, seems to be very similar. /. gracilifolia
Ducke, I.e. 3: 52. 1922, has 5 pairs of leaflets, 2-4 cm. long, 6-10
44 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
mm. wide; it is a slender tree sometimes 30 meters high that may
extend into eastern Peru and is closely allied indeed to /. virgullosa
(Vahl) Desv. of Cayenne. F.M. Negs. 1125; 1079 (Spruce 4565).
San Martin: Tarapoto, Spruce 4221, type; 4565; Ule 6359;6360.
Inga tenuistipula Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 3: 51.
1922. /. Guentheri Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10: 178. 192Y.
Like /. Tessmannii but the leaflets 1-2 (3) pairs, and, especially,
the flowers subsessile with calyx scarcely 2 mm. long, the corolla 7
to nearly 10 mm. long; peduncles 1-2 dm. long. In Harms' specimen
the corolla is nearly 10 mm. long, the leaflets 2 pairs. I. Sodiroi
Harms, Repert. Sp. Nov. 13: 527. 1915, Ecuadorian, is another species
of the same affinity but the leaflets are half as wide as long and
strongly nerved, the nerves impressed above, peduncles 4-6 cm.
long, corolla 7-8 mm. long. F.M. Negs. 1151 (I. Guentheri); 28135.
Loreto: Soledad, Tessmann 5233 (type, I. Guentheri). Florida,
Klug 2210 (det. Standl.). Brazil. "Shimbillo," "gerogui-mitiri-ey."
Inga Tessmannii Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 9: 966.
1926.
Small tree or the branchlets semiscandent, the leaves with 4
pairs of oblong-elliptic leaflets borne on petiolules 1-1.5 cm. long,
the peduncles often fascicled at enlarged nodes on the older wood,
elongate, sometimes even 10 cm. long; leaflets acute at base, shortly
acuminate, chartaceous, 1-2 dm. long, 5-7 cm. broad or larger;
flowers typically sessile in subglobose heads, the calyx sparsely
puberulent, lightly striate, about 6 mm. long, little exceeded by the
corolla, this sparsely appressed-puberulent, 8-10 mm. long.
Glabrous except for the obscurely puberulent dark green calyx and
bright green corolla, the filaments yellowish-white. Tree about
5 meters high or liana (Tessmann) in flood-free woods. As remarked
by the author the resemblance to I. cinnamomea seems to be great.
A perplexing specimen referred by Harms to /. lallensis ex descr.
could be described as another species but it seems to me to differ
only in pedicellate glabrous shorter flowers and may become var.
Harmsii Macbr., var. nov., pedicellis 1-1.5 mm. longis; floribus
glaberrimis, vix 8 mm. longis (Klug 1195, type). Here might be
sought I. cecropietorum Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 3: 52.
1922, of Amazonian Brazil with winged leaf-rachi, mostly panicled
heads, calyx 7-8 mm. long, corolla 10-11 mm., densely hirsute at
tip. F.M. Neg. 1173.
FLORA OF PERU 45
Loreto: Mouth of the Santiago, Tessmann 4655, type; also 4616
(fide Harms). Mishuyacu, Klug 1195, var.
Inga tomentosa Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 609. 1875.
With the inflorescence and small flowers of /. marginata but
well marked by the tomentum of short crisped trichomes that extends
even to the flowers but finally disappears from the upper surfaces
of the leaves, these with the rachis winged above and with 3 pairs
of oblong obtusely acuminate leaflets, 7-10 cm. long, rounded at
base; branchlets angled; spikes axillary to 15 cm. long, shortly
peduncled, the bracts small, caducous; calyx scarcely 2 mm. long,
the corolla twice as long, the stamen tube included. The locality
if Peruvian is probably in the Department of Puno. /. Bangii Harms
of Bolivia lacks the winged leaf-rachis.
Peru(?) : Near El Garania, (Lechler 2323, type). Bolivia.
Inga umbra tica Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 77. 1845;
601.
Tree allied to /. myriantha but the branchlets angled and the
leaflets subequal, membranous, sparsely pubescent beneath, the larger
to 2 dm. long, 7.5 cm. broad, obtusely acute both ends; umbels
subsessile or the peduncle very short, the pedicels 6-8 mm. long;
flowers white, fragrant, puberulent-villous, the trichomes loose, the
calyx scarcely exceeding 2 mm., the corolla hardly 5 mm. long;
stamen tube long-exserted; pods about 3.5 cm. broad, obtuse at each
end, straight, glabrous. The minute but loose villosity on pedicels
and calyces seems to be distinctive. These parts in /. bullatorugosa
Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 3: 47. 1922, are tomentulose,
stamen tube little exserted, leaflets strongly bullate. /. cecropietorum
Ducke, I.e. 52, of the upper Amazon has subsessile flowers twice
as long. F.M. Neg. 1127.
Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig, type.
Inga velutina Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 1014. 1806; 621. Mimosa velutina
(Willd.) Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Suppl. 1: 42. 1810. I. expansa
Rusby, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 90. 1912.
Softly rusty-pubescent or shortly villous even to the calyces,
markedly so on the branchlets, peduncles and leaflets beneath;
rachis wings conspicuous as also the circular glands; leaflets usually
3 pairs, sessile or stoutly short petiolulate, rounded or subcordate
at base, obtuse or shortly acuminate, ample, the larger 3 dm. long
46 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
and half as broad, subcoriaceous, the short pubescence above sub-
scabrous; spikes solitary or fasciculate in the upper axils, the
peduncles to 6 cm. long; bracts caducous before anthesis; calyx
tubular, 16-20 mm. long, with nearly subulate teeth sometimes
3 mm. long; corolla about 3 cm. long, silky-villous, little ampliated
toward apex, the stamen tube often long-exserted ; pods plane,
fleshy, densely reddish-hispid, straight or curved, about 2 dm.
long, 3 cm. broad, the margins only slightly enlarged. /. expansa
seems to be a variety, the calyx broader with broader teeth. F.M.
Neg. 1128.
Peru (probably). Bolivia; Brazil.
Inga vismiaefolia Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3: 79.
1845; 627.
Sparsely branched tree, the terete branchlets and peduncles
more or less densely rusty-villous-tomentose, the latter terminally
racemose, ordinarily about 3 cm. long; leaf-rachis emarginate, the
glands depressed; petiolules stout, the 3 pairs of ample leaflets
broadly elliptic or slightly obovate, obliquely rounded at base,
apiculately acuminate, often 2 dm. long or longer, nearly half as
broad, coriaceous, lustrous, glabrate and rather obscurely veined
above, shortly scarcely densely villous and prominently reticulate-
veined beneath; spikes subglobose, the ovate bracts persisting after
anthesis; calyx appressed silky-strigose, 8-10 mm. long, the flaring
densely villous corolla 15-17 mm. long, its stamen tube included.
-F.M. Negs. 1132; 1133.
Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig 2285, type; Klug 2831. Soledad,
Tessmann 5307 (det. Harms, /. quaternata, affine).
Inga yacoana Macbr., spec. nov.
Arbor ad 10 m. alta; ramulis petiolisque (cum rachi conspicue
alato) ferrugineo-hirsuto-puberulis, demum glabrescentibus; foliolis
3-jugis fere sessilibus ovato-ellipticis vel paullo obovatis ad basin
plus minusve suboblique angustatis apice subabrupte breviter ob-
tuseque acuminatis 8-11 cm. longis, 4.5-6 cm. latis, chartaceis
supra vix nitidulis praeter costam puberulam glabris subtus pallidi-
oribus obscure papillosis glabris (costa nervisque haud vel sparsissime
pubescentibus) ; spicis ut videtur solitariis sessilibus brevibus plerum-
que ad nodos defoliatos ad 1.5 cm. longis; bracteis persistentibus
fere linearibus 1.5 mm. longis; floribus sessilibus; corolla 4 mm. longa,
glabra calycem quadruple excedente, staminum tubo haud exserto.
FLORA OF PERU 47
Distributed as /. fagifolia (L.) Willd. which apparently as inter-
preted is the same or nearly the same as /. marginata but which as
to actual character of type seems to be obscure, and is scarcely
Peruvian.
Rio Acre: On varzea land (river shore) near mouth of Rio Macau-
han (tributary Rio Yaco), Krukoff 5661, type.
2. ALBIZZIA Durazzini
Like Pithecolobium but the broadly linear pods strongly com-
pressed, indehiscent or bivalved, but the valves never elastic or
contorted, sometimes dividing transversely. Seeds exalbuminous,
ovate or orbiculate, compressed, the funicle filiform. Besides the
following, A. Lebbeck (L.) Benth., closely resembling P. So/man
except for the flattened pods, may be found in cultivation.
Albizzia distachya (Vent.) Macbr. Contr. Gray Herb. 59: 3.
1919; 559. Mimosa distachya Vent. Descr. Gels, pi. 20. 1800. Acacia,
lophantha Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 1070. 1806. M. elegans Andr. Bot. Rep.
9: pi. 563. 1810. A. lophantha (Willd.) Benth. in Hook. Lond.
Journ. Bot. 3: 86. 1844.
Tree with velvety puberulent branchlets, leaf-rachi and peduncles,
the petioles with a gland toward the base; pinnae 8-10 pairs with
20-40 pairs of oblong obtusish leaflets 6-8 mm. long, about 2 mm.
broad, usually sparsely appressed-pilose at least beneath, the mid-
nerve excentric; spikes axillary, shortly peduncled, 3-10 cm. long,
more than 3 cm. thick including the stamens, the crowded flowers
distinctly pedicelled, silky-pilose, the calyx 2 mm. the corolla 5 mm.
long; stamen tube scarcely longer than the calyx; pods 6-10 cm.
long, 12-18 mm. broad, glabrous. Hochreutiner, Candollea 2: 373.
1925, retains the specific name of Willdenow because of the existence
of the homonym M. distachya Cav. 1794. With due respect for the
opinion of my friend I cannot concur because the name is not in
conflict as regards Albizzia; this interpretation was in accord with
the International Rules and any retroactive action which the rules
may impose would only result in instability of the nomenclature.
According to Vargas the bark is used as soap. Illustrated, Bot. Mag.
pi. 2108.
Cuzco: Semicultivated near Urubamba, Vargas 11065. Yucay,
Soukup 56 4. Arequipa: Near the City of Arequipa, (Soukup).
Australia. "Killay."
48 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
3. PITHECOLOBIUM Mart.
Reference: Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30: 570-598. 1875.
Smooth or occasionally armed with stipular spines (in Peru only
P. duke), the leaves bipinnate (pinnae sometimes only 1 pair and
reduced to 1-3 leaflets) with few to many leaflets, the 5 (6) -merous
flowers in globose heads or cylindrical spikes on solitary or fascicled
peduncles, these axillary or terminal and then sometimes racemose
or paniculate. Calyx campanulate or tubular, shortly dentate.
Corolla tubular or infundibuliform, the tube rather longer than the
lobes. Stamens few to many, exserted, the tube long or short.
Ovary sessile or stiped, many-ovuled. Pods fleshy-cylindrical to
coriaceous, more or less compressed, usually falcate and contorted
or even spiraled in varying degrees, rarely nearly straight, bivalved,
the valves sometimes twisted after dehiscence or infrequently in-
dehiscent, or very tardily so, or disarticulating, the seeds ovate or
orbicular with filiform funicle or this variously expanded into a
fleshy aril. Merrill, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 6: 42. 1916, argued
for adopting the spelling "Pithecellobium"; the name has also been
written "Pithecollobium." It is derived according to Merrill
from pithecos ellobion (monkey's earring), but usage fortunately
has validated the simplest spelling, at the same time the most
euphonious form.
Genus, as noted by Bentham, not separable from Albizzia Durazz.
except by the pod and, at least in the case of P. Saman and P.
polycephalum, only the fleshy character of the fruit distinguishes
the group; nevertheless by reason of convenience and tradition and
from the fact that Albizzia is in any case characteristically if not
entirely Old World, and Pithecolobium New, the group names will
probably always be maintained. In Candollea 6: 4. 1934, 1 presented
my reasons for not accepting, at least in floristic work, the division
of the genus as proposed by Pittier, Britton & Killip, and Klein-
hoonte; it is noteworthy that the last in Pulle's Flora of the Suriname
does not always agree with the former authors as to which section
treated as a "genus" certain species belong. Herewith is a key
under one group name, which, entirely artificial though it may be,
at least brings together plants that more resemble each other than
any others in this work (unless for one or two connecting species);
therefore they constitute a genus and that, realistically, is the only
kind of classification that is practical. To give these group names
on characters that obviously vary in degree of development and which
are rarely available or at least in herbaria discernible, is purely
FLORA OF PERU 49
academic folderol resulting in keys that not even a trained taxono-
mist can follow through. Finally it is satisfactory to observe
that the two best informed and unquestionably most brilliant
students of the Legumes, Bentham and Ducke (the one in the her-
barium, the other in the field), have not imitated or followed the
obviously possible segregation of these species into many genera.
The only constructive contribution to their classification that
could be made would be their inclusion in Albizzia as already noted.
Pinnae 1 pair (most rarely 2 pairs on some leaves; cf. also P.
acreanum).
Flowers in globose heads on usually slender peduncles, these either
solitary, racemose or paniculate (cf. P. triflorum under P.
Weberbaueri); pods finally contorted, seeds arillate; leaflets
1-2 pairs.
Leaflets small, obtuse; stipules spinescent.
Leaflets 1 pair; flowers ashy puberulent P. duke.
Leaflets 2 pairs; flowers lightly puberulent P. excelsum.
Leaflets ample, acute; stipules not spinescent P. laetum.
Flowers in elongate, short or subglobose spikes, these always
lateral, the peduncles short or obsolete; leaflets 1-several
pairs (rarely solitary).
Flowers capitate or glomerulate or in short spikes only 1-3 cm.
long.
Calyx minute, scarcely more than 1 mm. long, usually shorter.
Flowers umbellulate on peduncles 3-8 mm. long or leaf-
nerves equally distinct.
Stamen tube little exserted; leaflets usually more than 2.
P. cauliflorum.
Stamen tube often long-exserted; leaflets solitary.
P. unifoliolatum.
Flowers in short spikes or glomerulately congested or leaf-
nerves unequally developed.
Flowers glomerulately congested P. latifolium.
Flowers obviously in short spikes P. longifolium.
Calyx nearly 2 mm. long or longer.
Calyx 2-2.5 mm. long.
Leaflets 1-2 pairs; corolla 4 mm. long, twice as long as
calyx P. divaricatum.
50 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
Leaflets 3-4 pairs; corolla 6 mm. long, typically about
3 times longer than calyx P. inaequale.
Calyx 3-4 mm. long, the corolla 6-8 mm. long, both puberu-
lent P. juruanum.
Flowers in elongate spikes, all or mostly 8-16 cm. long.
Stamen tube included in the corolla, this 8 mm. long.
P. coccineum.
Stamen tube well exserted.
Corolla 10-12 mm. long P. macrophyllum.
Corolla about 4 mm. long P. oriundum.
Pinnae mostly more than 2 pairs (cf. P. cauliflorum; P. corymbosum
and relatives, variable in number of pairs).
Heads axillary or crowded at the tips of the branches, the peduncles
usually long.
Leaflets (at least most pinnae) 12 or more pairs, acute or
mucronulate.
Leaflets 2-3 mm. wide.
Plants unarmed; pods contracted between the seeds.
P. sophorocarpum.
Plants armed; pods impressed between the seeds.
P. Mathewsii.
Leaflets several mm. wide.
Flowers 5 cm. long; peduncles short P. Spruceanum.
Flowers 1 cm. long; peduncles long P. chazutense.
Leaflets rarely as many as 12 pairs, always obliquely rounded or
blunt.
Leaflets about 1 cm. wide.
Flowers subsessile; pods more or less circinate . . P. Jupunba.
Flowers long-pedicelled; pods straight P. corymbosum.
Leaflets about 3 cm. wide or wider.
Flowers sessile or nearly; rachis glands small P. Saman.
Flowers pedicelled P. acreanum.
Heads racemose or racemose-paniculate from the axils or at the
branchlet tips, the peduncles short.
Leaflets not acutely auricled or strongly oblique at base.
Leaflets 2-8 mm. long.
Leaflets minute, rarely 4 mm. long P. niopoides.
FLORA OF PERU 51
Leaflets 5-8 mm. long P. polycephalum.
Leaflets 12-20 mm. long P. multiflorum.
Leaflets acutely auricled or oblique at base; racemes or spikes
short.
Racemes lax; leaflets subequal P. basijugum.
Racemes dense; leaflets unequal P. umbriflorum.
Pithecolobium acreanum Macbr., spec. nov.
Ut videtur P. adenophorum Ducke persimilis, differt pinnis 3^4
jugis, foliolis 3-5 jugis, pedicellis vix 5 mm. longis, corollis 3-3.5
mm. longis, staminibus circa 10 mm. longis. Ducke, Archiv. Inst.
Biol. Veg. Rio Jan. 4: 5. 1938, in proposing his Amazonian species
distinguished it from P. microcalyx Spruce, 582, of the Rio Negro,
by the extraordinarily large urceolate leaf-glands, larger terminal
leaflets (4.5-8 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide), rigid-coriaceous and promi-
nently reticulate-veined, pedicels 7-8 mm. long, calyx 2 mm. long,
stamens more than 15 mm. long; as he fails to mention the number
of pinnae presumably they are the same, namely, 1-2 pairs and the
leaflets 2-3 pairs. The Klug collection of P. acreanum has rachis
glands 2-5 mm. broad; these on the type are at most about 2 mm.
wide; the inflorescence of the latter is ample, corymbose, and it is
possible that the two collections are not the same, the former possibly
representing Ducke's species; in any case both share the distinction
from P. microcalyx of urceolate (instead of conical) glands, and, at
least as regards P. acreanum, of more numerous pinnae and leaflets.
A tree 12-25 meters high with white and garnet flowers (Klug);
leaves of flowering branchlets 3 dm. long; leaflets obliquely sub-
orbicular, the lateral mostly 4 cm. long, 3 cm. wide, glabrous, sub-
coriaceous, lustrous, reticulate-veiny both sides, paler beneath; pedun-
cles simple (Klug specimen) or the inflorescence corymbose even to
1.5 dm. broad, rusty-puberulent.
Rio Acre: On terra firma, mouth of Rio Macauhan, Krukoff
5631, type. Loreto: Balsapuerto, Klug 3079(1).
Pithecolobium basijugum Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan.
5: 122. 1930.
Small tree, the glabrate younger branchlets white lenticellate,
the white flowers in shortly peduncled few-flowered heads borne
in lax racemes usually 3-5 cm. long from the lower branches;
peduncles and leaf-rachi puberulent; pinnae 7-9 pairs, with 18 (21)
52 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
leaflets, these acutely auriculate at base on the lower edge, acute
or shortly acuminate, to 1 cm. long, 4 mm. broad, firm-membranous,
partially 3-nerved, the stronger middle nerve little excentric, the
veins obscure; flowers sessile, the calyx 1-1.5 mm. long, nearly as
broad, subglabrous, the corolla 8-12 mm. long, slightly dilated at
the minutely puberulent apex, the stamen tube not exserted; pods
to 2 dm. long, 1.5 cm. broad, plane, finally somewhat contorted,
glabrous, laxly reticulate without, reddish within. The Tessmann
specimen was referred by Harms to P. claviflorum Spruce, 596,
scarcely different but among other slight variations its flowers are
red, its stamen tube long-exserted. According to Ducke, his species
was seen near Iquitos.
Loreto: Iquitos, Tessmann 5345 (det. Harms, P. claviflorum).
Brazil.
Pithecolobium cauliflorum (Willd.) Mart, ex Benth. in Mart.
Fl. Bras. 15, pt. 2: 450. 1876; 595. Inga cauliflora Willd. Sp. PI. 4:
1021. 1806. Zygia cauliflora (Willd.) Killip, Trop. Woods 63: 6. 1940.
Glabrous (typically), or leaf-rachis puberulent, this 1-7 cm. long;
stipules deciduous or obsolete; pinnae 2, each usually with 3-5
(often one much smaller at base) obliquely oblong or ovate-oblong
opposite leaflets, the larger usually 7-10 cm. long, 3-4 cm. broad,
acuminate, subcoriaceous, the unequally distinct lateral nerves
strongly arcuate ascending, the veins moderately reticulate both
sides; peduncles 3-8 mm. long, several fascicled in the axils of
older branchlets; calyx 1 mm. long, glabrous or slightly ciliate puberu-
lent, the corolla 5-7 mm. long, the stamen tube more or less exserted;
pods said to be coriaceous, straight or curved, 1.5 dm. long or longer,
1.5 cm. wide. Small tree or tall shrub, the flowers according to
Ducke roseate. Klug 1054 and 1418 have lightly puberulent flowers,
larger leaflets and perhaps are distinct but the group is poorly
understood. F.M. Neg. 1187.
Loreto: Mishuyacu, Klug 2533 (det. Standl., P. glomeratum) ;
1054; 1418. Brazil to the Guianas.
Pithecolobium chazu tense Standl. Field Mus. Bot. 22: 145.
1940.
Thick branchlets, leaf-rachi and slender peduncles rather densely
rusty-puberulent; glands between the 5 pairs of pinnae (the upper
of these 13-14 cm. long) thickly crateriform; leaflets about 15 pairs,
sessile, rather oblong, somewhat broader at base, obliquely rounded
FLORA OF PERU 53
both ends, minutely apiculate at tip, mostly 2-2.5 cm. long, 7-10
mm. broad, membranous, glabrous above except for the obscurely
puberulent little excentric midnerve, scarcely paler beneath, the
slender remote nerves not prominent; flowers densely capitate,
ochroleucous, nearly glabrous throughout, the slender solitary or
few peduncles 6-8 cm. long; calyx broadly campanulate, scarcely
longer than 1.5 mm. high, the minute unequal obtuse teeth glandular;
corolla 9 mm. long, the slender tube dilated at throat to 1.5 mm.
broad, the lobes 1 mm. long; stamen tube included. Type from
forest tree 15 meters high.
San Martin: Chazuta, Klug 4011, type.
Pithecolobium coccineum [R. & P.] Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc.
30: 594. 1875. Inga coccinea [R. & P.] G. Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 390.
1832.
Glabrous except for the puberulent pods; pinnae 1 pair with 3-5
pairs of obliquely oblong acuminate leaflets, sometimes an additional
small leaflet near the base of the narrowly grooved rachis, the leaflets
subcoriaceous, reticulate-veined especially beneath, mostly 10-12
cm. long, 4-5 cm. broad; spikes including the short peduncle to
1.5 dm. long; calyx 2 mm. long, the striate cylindrical corollas 8 mm.
long, the stamen tube included; pods shortly stiped, about 2 dm. long,
2 cm. broad. In my collection the spikes of bright red-purple
flowers were pendent from old leafless branchlets; a large spreading
forest tree, the branches straggling. The first common name refers
to the red flowers, similar to the rebozos or mantillas used by the
Indian women (Ruiz & Pavon). F.M. Neg. 29425.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Killip & Smith 25814. Huanuco: Muna,
Ruiz & Pavon, type; 4023. Loreto: Yurimaguas, Killip & Smith
28003. "Huaita rebozo," "monte pacae."
Pithecolobium corymbosum (Rich.) Benth. in Hook. Lond.
Journ. Bot. 3: 221. 1844; 587. Mimosa corymbosa Rich, in Act. Soc.
Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 113. 1792. Samanea corymbosa (Rich.) Pitt.
Bol. Cient. y Teen. Mus. Com. Venez. no. 7: 55. 1925; Bol. Min.
Relac. Ext. 90. 1927. Arthrosamanea corymbosa (Rich.) Kleinh. in
Pulle, Fl. Surinam 2, pt. 2: 327. 1940.
Becoming a slender tree about 15 meters high, the younger parts
more or less rusty or ashy tomentulose or the pubescence sometimes
persisting on leaf-rachi and leaflets beneath, these 8-12 pairs, ob-
liquely subrhombic or obovate-oblong, 12-18 (25) mm. long, 5-10
54 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XIII
mm. wide, very lustrous above, distributed in 4-10 pinnae 5-20 cm.
long; glands scutellate; peduncles many, terminal in umbels or corym-
bose umbels to 7 cm. long, the filiform pedicels 4-8 mm. long;
calyces rubescent, campanulate, to 2.5 mm. long, the infundibuliform
often puberulent corolla about twice as long, the tube of the 12-15
stamens included; pods straight or arcuate, coriaceous, glabrous,
5-10 cm. long, 8-10 mm. wide, finally disarticulating into 1-seeded
segments. Section Samanea. The Brazilian P. marginatum Spruce
including P. panurense Spruce has only 1 pair of pinnae, the leaflets
in 3-6 pairs, (1) 2.5-5 cm. long. Here might be sought P. gua-
chapele (HBK.) Macbr., comb. nov. (Acacia guachapele HBK.
Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 281. 1824; Samanea samaningua Pitt. Bol. Cient.
y Teen. Mus. Com. Venez. no. 1: 54. 1925, fide Britton & Killip;
Pseudosamanea guachapele (HBK.) Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart.
Berlin 11: 54. 1930), found as near as southern Ecuador. Its leaflets
are soft and a little pilose especially beneath, its pods thinner, long-
beaked, 2-5 cm. broad. F.M. Neg. 28259.
Loreto: Iquitos, Tessmann 3678 (det. Harms). Brazil; Guianas.
Pithecolobium divaricatum [Bong.] Benth. in Hook. Lond.
Journ. Bot. 3: 213. 1844; 595.
Glabrous unless for a minute puberulence on the branchlets and
petioles; pinnae 1 pair with 2-3 pairs of oblong-lanceolate leaflets,
the 2 terminal ones petiolulate, usually 10-18 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm.
broad, obliquely contracted at base, subcori
