Full text of "The four ancient books of Wales containing the Cymric poems attributed to the bards of the sixth century"

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HARVARD 
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CAT LRLSO. Ss 


Co fe ye 52:5 (2) 


Harvard University 






HARVARD 
UNIVERSITY 
LIBRARY 
MAY 5 lyfe | 






CONTENTS OF VOLUME II. 


—t — 
° Tuxv. Norm. 
I. Two POEMS FROM THE CAMBRIDGE JUVENCUS Pagel 311 


I. Poem on page 1 . 1 3l4 
II. Poem on pages 48, 49, and 50 2 $14 
IL THE BLAOK BOOE OF CaERMARTHEN $ 315 
IL. . Ye 3 320 
IL . . . 5 333 
IIL. 5 324 
IV. 6 327 
V. 7 337 
VI. 8 338 
VII. 9 328 
VIII. . 10 339 
IX. 10 330 
X. 13 331 
XI. ' 13. 331 
XII. . 13 332 
XII. 14 333 
XIV. 16 3383 
XV. 17 334 
XVI. 17 334 
XVII. . . 18 335 
XVIII. . 21 338 
XIX, Englynnionn y Bedov 28 341 
XX. Kygogion. Elaeth ae cant 35 344 
XXI. Elaeth Agant 36 344 


1 CONTENTS. 


Texr. 
XXII. Gereint fil Erbin. . Page 37 
XXIII. . . 39 
XXIV. 40 
XXV. 41 
XXVI. 42 
XXVII. 43 
XXVIII. 46 
XXIX. 46 
XXX. 47 
XXXI.° 50 
XXXII. 53 
XXXIII. 54 
XXXIV. 55 
XXXV. . . . . 56 
XXXVI. Marunad Madauc mab Maredut. 

Kyntelv Pridit Maur ae Cant 57 

XXXVII. Marunad Madauc fil Maredut 58 
XXXVIII. . . . 59 
XXXIX. Enwov. Mcibon. Llywarch Hen 60 
HIL Tue Boox or ANEURIN . . 62 
I. E Gododin. Aneirin ae Cant 62 

II. Gorchan Tutwulch 93 

III. Gwarchan Adebon 94 

IV. Gorchan Kynvelyn . 94 

V. Gwarchan Maelderw 97 

IV. THE Boox OF TALIESSIN . 108 
oL 108 

IL. Marvnat y Vil Veib . 109 

III. Buarch Beird 115 

IV. Aduvyneu Talicasin . 116 

V. . . 118 


* This member has been by mistake printed XXXII. 


CONTENTS. 


VI. Arymoa Prydein Va(r 
VII. Angar Kyfyndaét . 
VIII. Kat Godeu 

IX. Mab Gyfreu Taliessin 

X. Daronby . 

XI. 


XII. Glaswa(6t Taliessin XXIIII. ATAL . 


XIII. Kadeir Taliessin xXIIIT. 
XIV... ; . 
XV. Kadeir Teyrnon. 000. 

XVI. Kadeir Kerrituen. occ. 
XVII. Kanu Yg(6ynt. 000. ATAL. 
XVIII. 
XIX. Kanu y Med. xxi 

XX. Kanu y C6r(f. xxim. 
XXI. 
XXII. Plaen yr Reiff. x ©. 


XXIII. Tra6sganu Kynan Garwyn. M. Broch. 173 


XXIV. Lath Moessen 
XXV. . . . 
XXVI. Y Gofeissvys Byt. 
XXVII. 
XXVIII. 
XXIX. 
XXX. 
XXXI. 
XXXII. 
XXXIII. 
XXXIV. 


XXXV. G6eith Argoet Ligyfein, Kanu Yme 189 


XXXVI. . 

XXXVII. Yspeil Talicesin, Kanu Vere 
XXXVIII. 

XXXIX. Dadol6ch Yryen 


vi 
Tet. Worse. 
Pages 138 399 
. 139 899 
187 399 
144 400 
. 147 400 
' 149 . 401 
180 6403 
181 403 
183 403 
155 404 
158 405 
159 406 
163 406 
164 407 
166 407 
168 408 
170 409 
409 
173 409 
176 409 
177 = 410 
178 410 
179 = âl0 
179 410 , 
181 419, 
183 413 
184 413. 
185 413 
187 413 
413 
190 414 
1938 415 
198 415 
195 416 


Tex. 

XL. Margnat Erof , Page 196 
XU . 187 
YIT. Mar(nat Corroi. M. Dayry . 198 
IL Mar(nat Dylan eil Ton. Tal ae Cant 198 

. MarGnat Owein. . . . 199 

ty. . , ; ; . 199 
WL . Ot . 200 
Iwr . . . 808 
XLVIIL Margnat Vthyr Pen , . 203 
ALI . . . 804 
Lo. . . . . 205 

LL . 206 
LIL Coase Lad y Ma6r . .. 207 
LHL . . 211 
LIV. Ymarwar Llud Bychan . . 213 
LV. Kanu y Byt M(ar . . 214 
LVL Kanu y Byt Bychan . . 216 
TER RED Boox or HERGEST . 218 
L Kyuoessi Myrdin a Gwendyd y chGacr 218 

II. GGasgardgerd Vyrdin yny Bed. 234 
IIL Ymatrec Llywelyn a Gwrnerth 237 
IV. . . . . . 241 
V.. 245 

VI . . . . . 247 
VIL . 249 


VIIL 250 
IX. 251 

x 255 
XL. . . . . 259 
XIL . . . . . 267 
XIIL 273 
XIV. 274 
XV. 277 


Norns. 
416 
416 
417 
417 
417 
418 
418 
419 
419 
420 
420 
420 
421 
421 
422 
422 
422 


423 
423 
428 
431 
432 
432 
433 
433 
434 
434 
434 
435 
437 
440 
441 
441 


CONTENTS. 


Text. Worns. 

XVI. . . . . Page 379 — 445 

XVII . . . . - 291 448 
XVIII. . . . . . 393 450 

XIX. . . . . . 394 461 

XX. | 394 4651 

XXI. 396 451 

XXII . 399 451 

XXIII. . . . . 301 451 

"XXIV. Gossymdeith Llefoet Wynebclawr. 304 452 

APPENDIX. 

. Pace 

L BONHED GWYR Y GOGLED...» . 454 

Translation of do. - 485 

II. TRIOED ARTHUR AE WYR 456 

Translation of do. 457 


INDEX 


ILLUSTRATIONS. _ | 


— 

i 

Facsimile of Page of Black Book of Caermarthen, * 
folio 2. . . . . Tofacspage 31A, 
Facsimile of Page of Book of Aneurin ” 63 
Facsimile of Page of Book of Taliessin ” 108 
Facsimile of Page of Red Book of Hergest ” 318 
4 

ì 

h 

Y * 


NOTE AS TO THE WELSH TEXT. 


— — 


Tre Welsh Text was printed in 1863, after collating the text 
of the poems with the original MSS,, first in MS., and again 
in proof. The collation, however, was to a great extent purely 
mechanical. The opportunities which the Editor had of con- 
sulting original MSS., contained in three different libraries, at 
a distance from himself and from each other, were necessarily 
so limited, both in time and in frequency, that, although the 
kindness of their owners made them accessible to him as 
often as was possible in the circumstances, the collation had 
in consequence to be made very rapidly, and he was unable 
to pause in his task to consider the meaning of the text. 
Instead of preserving the text as it is usually transcribed 
in such MSS, continuously, and without break either as to 
sentences or metrical lines, he has arranged it in lines so far 
as he could at the moment be guided by the rhyme, but he 
has preserved the original punctuation, and made no conjec- — 
tural emendations whatever in the text. He has printed it 
oxactly as he found it, even where the scribe had obviously 
cither mistaken the word, or written a wrong letter. Where 
words in this text differ from those in the Myvyrian or other 
texts, and the former is obviously a mistake, the error is that 
of the writer of the original MS, and not of the Editor in 
collation, as in Poem No, XXII. of the Black Book of Oser- 


xiv NOTE AS TO THE WELSH TEXT. 


marthen, where “rereint” is written in the MS. for “ redeint.” 
The words are also not always rightly divided, and it is 
difficult to distinguish between U and N, the one being often 
intended where the other has been printed. 

As to the orthography, it may be remarked, that in old 
MSS., in the mute consonants, the tenues are freguently used 
where modern orthography has the medis, as final c and T for 
G and D, and that the initial mutation only occasionally ap- 
pears; but, although not expressed in the orthography, it 
seems to have been understood, as G sometimes expresses the 
simple sound, and at others obviously represents NG. The 
letter N must also be assumed occasionally before T and D. 
Initial c is often represented by K ; modern F by U and v; 
and w after G and A is represented in the older MSS. by u, 
sometimes v, and in the Book of Taliessin and Red Book of 
Hergest by a peculiar letter 6. The diphthongs AI and AU 
appear as EI and Ev. The diphthong EI is represented by Y. 

The old English capitals represent the rubrical letters in 





TWO POEMS 


tom A MS. OF THE HEXAMETRICAL PARAPWRASE OF THE 

GosPEL8, BY C. VETIIUS AQUILINUS JUVENOUB, PRE- 
SERVED IN THE UNIVERSITY LIBRABY OP CAMBRIDGE, 
‘TRANSCRIBED IN THE NINTH CENTURY. ' 


L 


POEM ON PAGE FIRST. 
1, Omnipolens auctor 
Ti dicones adiamor 
P.. (ut of).. 
2. Nit arcup betid hicouid 
Canlon cetticeidin guí— haguid 
Uor — rdutou ti guirdoned. 
3. Dicones pater harimed 


Presen isabruid icunm 





2 CAMBRIDGE JUVENCUS. 


7. It cluis it humil inhared celmed 
Rit pucsaun mi detnin taut 
gurd meint iconidid imolaut 
8. Rit ercis o — raut inadaut 
Presen pioubui int groisauc 
Inungueid guoled trintaut 
9. Un hanied napuil heper 
Uuc nem isnem nitcouer 
Nit guorgnim molim map meir 


IT. 


Porm ON PAGES 48, 49 AND DO. 


1. Niguorcosam nemheunaur 
Henoid mitelu nit gurmaur 
Mi amfranc dam ancalaur 


2. Nicanu niguardam nicusam 
Henoid cet iben med nouel 
Mi amfranc dam anpatel 

3. Namercit mi nep leguenid 
Henoid is discyrr mi coueidid 
Dou nam riceus unguetid 


Norz.—These two poems are written in the Saxon character. The first 
as been reed with great difficulty, owing to its having been transcribed on 
the first page of the MS., and injured and partly effaced by rubbing. The 
gecend poem has been previously but inaccurately printed, and is now for the 
ffest time correctly given. There are only two words that are doubtful. 
icone in the fourth line may be read Nicanil; and if so, it is probably 
transpesed, and should be placed at the end of the line, so as to correspond in 
ghyme with the words nouel and patel. The letter represented by y in discyrr 
is a pocaliar letter, which may represent one of the Saxon forms for y, or the 
lrich contraction for wi, in which case the word will read discuírr, 


ya 1x GMOR troen genhŷf mor truan. 





Rac deuur ineutwr ythrran- 
Rac errith. 8 ith ŷ ar welugan- 


\ 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Llas kyndur tra messur y kuynan. 
Llas haelon o dinon tra uuan. 
Tryuir. nod maur eu clod. gan. elgan. 


MIRTIN. 


Truy athrui. ruy. a ruy. ŷ doethan. 
Trav athrau imdoeth bran amelgan. 
Liat dinel oe dinet. kyulauan 

Ab erbin ae uerin a wnaethan. 


TALIESSIN. 
Llu maelgun bu yscun ŷ doethan. 
Aer wir kad trybelidiad. guaedlan. 
Neu gueith arywderit pan 
Vit y deunit. o hid y wuchit y darperan. 
MIRTIN. 
Llyavs peleidrad guaedlad guadlan. 
Llyaus. aerwir bryv breuaul vidan. 
Llyaus ban brivher. llyaus ban foher. 
Llyaus ev hymchuel in eu hymvan. 
TALIESSIN, 
Seith meib eliffer. Seith guir ban brouher. 
Seith guaew ny ochel in eu seithran. 
MYRTIN. 
Seith tan. vuelin. Seith kad kyuerbin. 
Seithued kinvelin y pop kinhuan. 
TALIESSON. 


Seith guaew gowanon. Seith loneid awon. 
O guaed kinreinon ŷ dylanuan. 


m — — — 





Fol. 4. a. 


Fol. 5. a. 


* 


se 
THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. — ô 


MYRTIN. 
Seith ugein haelon. a aethan ygwllon. 
Yg coed keliton. y. daruuan. 
Can ys mi myrtin guydi. taliessin. 
Bithaud. kyffredin, vŷ darogan. 
II. 
‘BS reuduid a uelun neithwir. ysceluit ae dehoglho, 


_ Ny nitreithir y reuit, nig guibit ar nuygelho. 


Gueithred lara llŷuiau niuer nid hoffet meiuret bro. 
Neur uum ydan un duted a bun dec liu guaneo gro. 
Nid cur llauur urth dinda. ae coffa arnuydalho. 
Guaeth. vygniw odiuattep. ir nep nuŷ hatnappo. 
Nytiuuic rac dricweithred. im attrec guydi darffo, 

Ny dichuenic but pedi. ys guell delli urth auo. 

Ac imganlin adeduit. adioffrid aaduo. 

Awna mynich enuuyret. ordivet. aserlinho. 

Nid ehalath astraetha. nychaffaw ae hamhevo, 

Ny lluit renuet y direid. Ny chenir buyeid arffo, 

Ny naut ucheneid rac guael. Ny derllit haelar nuybo, 
Ny ry del 


III. 


| ADevs ren rimawy awen. Amen fiat. 


Fynedic. waud. fruythlaun. traethaud trŷbestraud heid. 
Hervit urten autŷl kyrridven ogyrven amhad. 
Amha(d)anav areith awyrllav. y cavkeineid. 

Cuhelin bart, kymraeo hart kidvrthodiad. 

Kert kimuynas. ked kywtas, nifain tinieid. . 
Gathyr kywystraud. kyvan volaud. cluttaud attad. 
Kywrgein genhid. cor a chiwid. kyhid kydneid. 
“Kywyrgym kŷvle kŷwlaun flamde kywvire vad. . 


ka 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN, 


Kenetyl woror. kywrisc woscord. kyghygneid. 

Kywolv. waur. kywarvs mavr. kir llavr eircheid, 

Kerit vychod. kerenhit nod clod achvbiad, 

Clo kelvid. kant kalan kid. kynvllid greid. 

Greid bleit blyghaud. Gretyw detyw duraud. gnaud brand- 
uriaeth. 

Gur oet eitoel gorvyreol. gordethol doeth. 

Gwytbuil dragon. gosparth brython. gosgyman gvith. 

Gnaud tryganet. guaud kyhidet. gorsset metveith. 

Mettvin kywran. marchauc mitlan. mann meidrolaeth. 

Meitrid mur ior. maus pedir pedror, maur cor kyvoeth. 

Moes vreisc vreyr. moes wirth vehir. milwir orvith. 

Maer claer kywid. mad cathyl kyvid. moidit ieith. 

Mas cas nognay. minhev nev frav, molav frav fraeth. 

Muner uodauc. maer anhetauc, maretauc doet. 

Medel visci mel vartoni. mynogi gvyth. 

Mynvinad vron. metv ton dros tracth. 

Mer kertev kein. mywir covein. mirein anoeth. 

Menestir. vytud. meuvet vetvd. molud esmuith. 

Music a gan mal eur orian. man vahanieth. 

Gveith reith rŷsset. gvich ruich ryuet. rinuot reen. 

Rec rysiolaw. rec a archaw. ruymav iurthen. 

Rathur. vthir avel. rynaut uvel. ryvel vebin. 

Rtuteur dyrllit. rychlud clodrit. rihit aden. | 

Rev wet paraud. rin vynn. wascaud. tra gwaud wobrin. 

Ry hait itaut. rychoidv y naut. rac caut golin. 

Ry. chodwis detyf. ry chynis gretyw. rac lletŷw ogyrven. 

Rac. dac. drossow. reghid brid bot, rot cuhelin. 


IV. 


SERERVIT vrten. auty] kyrridven. ogyrvon amhad. 
Amhad anav. arvith awyrllav, y cav koinoid. 
Cvhelin doeth. kymraec cocth. kyvoeth awyrllav. 
Keluit id gan. cluir vir aedau. kywlavan lov. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Kert kywlaunder. kadeir dirper cadir wober. ŷv. . 
Kanholicion caffod eilon. keinon vrthav. 


Cau tyŷimet. cathil kyhidet kyurysswyv. 


Campus ŷ veirch. canhyn ae peirch. kywren eirch elyv. 


Cor waradred. kenetyl noted ked kywetliv. 
Lliwed a hun. llŷsseit eitun. llun venediv. | 
Llyd am kywor. llog desseffor. llog porth anav. — 


Livgyrin kŷtrim. lledvegin grim. llim ŷd grim glev. 


Lleuver synhuir. llauer a vyr. llvir id woriv. 
Gorpo gvr gulet druy tagnevet het o hetiv. 


V. 


ES YVAENAD keluit. kŷnelv o douit, 
Kyuaenad kynan o crist kein didan. 

Ac vei gyuerkinan am.ŷ.gylchin huan. 

Ar gnyuer pegor yssit ŷ dan mor. 

Ar gnyuer. edcinauc a oruo kyuoethauo, : 
Ac vei. vei. paup. tri trychant tauaud. 

Ny ellynt vetraethaud. kywoethev ŷ trindaud. 
Din dyual y faud. Ny eruill cospaud. 
Kymun bid paraud. in orbin tridaud. 

Bid glaf glefychaud. ban wanha. y gnaud 
Y diodrut, y isscaud. 

Guno ti din hewid pir doduid unbid. 

Onid imwaredit. or druc digonit. 

Nov duid ythrihit. ythurid, a. kerit. 

Drud dytihenit. dŷ imtuin ar logylwit. 
Trvach dŷdivet. dy lauriav. o, vet. 

Asogi athraod ymlith prit athydwet. 
Dihafal dyimtcith dyisscar ath kedimteith, 
Corph diMd diroid. gobuill, o, theneid. 
Corph ni glivit paleuoir y gilit, 

Pa rotoiste oth rev vet. kin kyues argel. 


Pa rotoisto otholud kin muill moll mud. 


4a 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Ac ŷ haruetud. ac y diadaud. 

Ac ny riuelssud y meint a garyssud. 

Ac itoet o wud y lurv teint. dud. 

Adaon i taethant ig kymeint offuiant. 

Prit prinude chant. othriit ageugant. 

Ac ysmortiuant. mal gossod amrant. 

A ueleiste o garant asv treis tragissant. 

Ny phercheiste guener oth vaur etyliter. 

Ni cheuntoste pader na philgeint na gosper. 
Pader priw traethaud. gobuill o nebaud. 
Namuin y trindaud. 

Ry talud istedlit tri seith pader beunit. 

Affv ac nidoes. ac nithreghis. ev hoes. 

Moe y dinwassute merwerit. no phregeth evegil. 
An deid i glethuir guerth na buost vffil, 

Ni phercheiste creirev na lloc na llanev, 

Nid endeueiste kiwrev beirt gouec higlev. 

Ni phercheiste kiureith creaudir new kin lleith 
Llyaus aghiuieith adodute ardiareith, oe 
Gvae vi pir imteith genhide in kyueith. 

Gvae vi pir wuuf ar dikiuolv. 

Pan douthume attad oeth bichan vianuad. 
Neu rimartuad oth laur kiueithad. 

Arnun nincred ni nep. oth tremint. trvy ted. 


VL 
GENEID kid im guneit. in aghen digerit. 
Guir yv guae uinhev pir deuthoste imgotev. 
Nac irofe. nac aghev. na diuet. na dechrev. 
O seith lauanad. ban im se suinad. 
O seith creadur pan im dodaeth ar pur. 
Oet un. tan. llachar. pan im roted par. 
Oetan prit daear. nym dyhaetei alar. 
Oetun guint gouchaf llei vynruc nom da. 





Fol. 12. b. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Oetun nyul ar mynit yn keissau keton hit. 
Oetun blodev guit ar vinep eluit. 
Amssuinasseie douit im dodath ar deunit. 

Eneid kid im guneit. 

VIL . 

A^) AC im adneirun nev. rim waredun. 
Keugant kywraghaum. wide kywisscaran. 
A chiwnod senet. A cheugant kinatlet, 
A daduirein obet guydi hir gorwet. 
Kywoethauc duw awet. y din iny deheu wuchet, 
A dyadu tan ar poploet anylan. 
Alluch a tharian. a llyaus llydan. 
Nŷ llettaud lle dinag. na didrif na diag. 
A widy tagde teernas arvere. 
Dygettaur. y. tri. llv. rac drech. drem iessu. - 
Llu guirin guinion eiliv egilion, 
Llv arall brithion. eiliv brodorion. 
Tryde llv diuedit. syth leith gyweithit. 
Huilant iglithuir un parthred dievil 
In vn nidaon gan dull aghimon. 
Myny mae meillon agulith ar tirion, 
Myny mae kertorion in kyveir kysson. 
Kein vid ev goffalon gan guledio gorchortion. 
Myny mae ehestil am teernas uwil. 
Men y mae peryw hael iny claer kyueistet. 
Rotiad bid beddrael nid guael y gerenhit. © 
A chin deginull emne eilivert vedit. 
Or saul dymguytat. ar lleith dimgorbit. 
Ac ew gueith dimgunelemne, dimbrodic dit. 
Nis rydraeth ryuetev kyvoeth ruytev douit. 


) 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


VIIL 


ENARI an reith march inis pridein. 
Carnawlauc march. owein. mab vrien. 
A. Bucheslum seri. march gugaun cletywrut. 
A Tauautir breichir. m. kadwallaun. fil k. 


TRI thom etystir inis pridein. 
Arwul melin. march passcen fil vrien. 
A. Duhir terwenhit. m. selyw mab kynan garrvin. 
A drudluid. m. ryterch hael. 


TRI gohoev etyster inis pridein, 
Guynev godvff. hir. march kei. 
Rathir ehon tuth blet. m. gilberd mab kadgyffro. 
A. keincaled. m. gualchmei. 


TRI hoev etistir inis pridein. 
Liv agor. m. karadauc. b. 
A melynlas, m. kaswallaun mab bely.* 


IX. 


GT OLI duu innechrev a diuet. 
Ae kyniw ny welli ny omet. 
Vn mab meir modridaw teernet. 
Meir mam crist. ergynan rianet. 
Dydav yr heul or duyrein ir goglet. 
Dy eiraul ir dy. maur drugaret. 
Ar dy mab iolud en karet. 
Duy uchom. Duu ragom. Duu vet. 
Ren new anrotone, ran trugarot. 
Teyrn uron. tanc y romne. heb imomet 
Diwyccomne a digonhom ogamuet. 

© The MS. here seems defective. 





THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. — il 


Kin myned im guerid imiruet. 

In tywill heb canvill im gorsset. 

Ym gueinvod im gorod im gorwet. 

Guydi merch ac imtuin glassuet. 

A chyuet a chid im agraget. — 

Ny chisgaw gobuyllaw om diwet. 

Gulad it imne. ysagro ymassvet. 

Mal deil ovlaen guit daduet. 

Guae agaur a graun maur uerthet. 

Ac onysguataul y riet. 

Kyn gatter ew in ryred. pressen. perygil uit inydivet. 
Ny vir drud. nid yscrid iny timhyr. — 

Ny chiuid uore. ny chiueirch. nid eistet. . 

Ny chan wen nid eirch trugaret. 

Bit chuero y talhaur iny diwet. . 

Syberuid. a maur wrid. a maret, 

Meithrin corph, y lyffeint a nadret. , ; 
Allevuod ac imtuin enviret. 

Ac aghen dydau urth gluydet. . 

Ew inluth dy chinull dy chiuet, 

Dynessa heneint alled arnad. 

Dy clust, di trein. di teint neud adwet. 

Dy chricha croen diuisset. | 

Athuna heneint alluidet. 

An eirolve ne inihagel. ar ren new rana trugaret 
Kintevin keinhaw amsser. Dyar adar ges callet, 
Ereidir in rich. ich iguet. — 

Guirt mor brithottor tiret, 

Ban ganhont cogev ar blaen guit 

Guiw handid muy. vyllauuridot. 

- Tost muo amluc anhunet. 

Kan ethint uy kereint ìn attwet. 

Ym brin in tyno. ininyssot 

Mor impop fort itelher. rao crist guin nid oes inialet.. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Oet in chuant in car in trosset 

Treitau tŷ tir dyalltudet. 

Seith seint a seith ugeint. a seith cant. awant in 
orsset. 

Ygid a crist guin. ny forthint vevygilet. 

Rec aarchawe nim naccer. y rof aduv. dagnouet, 

Am bo forth. y porth riet. 

Crist ny buve trist ythorsset. 


X. 


GS 0GONEDAUC argluit hanpich guell 

Athuendicco de egluis. schagell 

A. kagell. ac egluis. 

A. vastad. a diffuis. 

A. Teir finhaun yssit. 

Due uch guint. ac vn uch eluit, 

A. y risgaud ar dit. 

A. Siric a perwit. 

Athuendiguiste awraham pen fit. 

A. vuchet tragiuit. 

A. adar a guenen. . 

A. attpaur. adien. h 

Athuendiguste aron a moesen. 

A. vascul a femen. 

A. seithnieu a ser. 

A. awir. ac ether. 

A. llevreu a llyther. 

A. piscaud yn hydiruer. 

A. kywid. agueithred. 

A. tyuvod athydued. 

A. ysaul da digoned. 

Athuendigaf de argluit gogoned. 
Gogonedauo a. h. g. 


wn GE ee — I... a 


Pe 


Fol. 18. b. 





THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. | 


XI. 


FA RDUIREAUE tri trined in cel ©” 


Yssi un athri. vned un yuni. 
Vn guirth oe teithi. un duu diuoli. 
Athnolaf uaurri maur dŷurhidri. - 
Dyuolaur ysguir. Dyuolaudir ysmi. 
Ys bud bartoni arhelv eloy. —_ 
— Hanpich guell cristi. 
Pater. & fili & spiru. domni. 
on. adonay. 


. FA RDUIREAUE dev. yssi vn a deu. 
Yssi tri hep. ev. hep haut y amhev. — 
Awnaeth fruith afreu afop. amriffreu, 
Duu y env. in deu. duyuaul ŷ kyffreu. 


|“ » _ Duu y env. in tri duyuuaul ŷ inni. 


Duu y env in vn. Dau paulac annhun. 


FFA RDUYREAUE. vn. isj dou as un. 
Issi tri ar nun. issi duu y hun. 

Aunaeth maurth a llun. a mascul a bun, 
Ac nat kyuorun bas ao anotun. — | 
Auneth tuim ao oer. a. heul alloer. 
Allythir, ig. cuir afflam im pabuir, © 

A. serch in sinhuir, a bun hygar huir. 
Allosci: pimp kaer otyueti. wir. 


XII. 
Y NENU domni meu ŷ. voli. maur ŷ uolaud. 
Molawe douit. maur y kinnit ar y cardaud. 


- Duu anamuc, Duu angoruc, Duu anguaraud. 


Duu angobeith. teilug pirfeith, tec y purfaud. 


- Duuandyli Duu issi vry. vrenhin trindaud, 


34 


La 


2 THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Duu abroued iny truyted in y trallaud. 

Duu a dyfu. oc garcharu gau vuildaud, 

Guledic deduit an gunel inrit erbin dit braut. 

An duch ir gulct iry varct. ac. werindaud, 

Ym paraduis. impur kynnuis rac puis pochaud. 
Angunel iechid iry penid ao pimp dirnaud. 

Dolur eghirith, Duu andiffirch ban kyinirth cnaud. 
*Din a collci bei nasprinhei diuei devaud. 

Or croc crevled y deuth guared ir vedissyaud. 
Kadam bugeil Crist nid adweil. y teilygdaud. 


XITI. 


IGBRENIUIN guirthvin guirth uchaw yasit. 
Yssi pen plant adaw. 

Yssi per gadeir gadarnaw. 

Yasi hael diwael diweirhaw. 

Yssi haul uraul gurhaw, 

A cliwir. issi owir id pridaw. 

Y Duv maur. y duv llaur llariaw, 

Y duv guin guengert aganaw, 

Yny wuyw. y duv indin digerit. onlovnit y diallaw. 
O pechu a pechuis adaw, 

O pechaud kin brand pryderaw. 

Erbin oed y dit. y del paup oo 

Bet iny devret in devraw. 

Mal y bv ban fv orcuhaw, 

In vn llv ir vn llo toccaw. 

Hid impen vn brin erbin ev barnv. 

Or teulv teilyghaw. 

Teilygdaud wascaud. oegort nav grad new. 
Vy Dowis kinvllaud. 


9 The handwriting changes here and becomes amaller. Hitherto the let- 


tere have been large, and each page contains only twelvo lines ; but the acribe, 
finding it necessary to econemise space, pute sixteen lines in a page, Though 
the letters are smaller, it seems to have been written by the same hand. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN, 15 


Vy Devs domenvs menaud. | CC. 
Vy bardeir. y Beirt y uedissiaud. — ec! 
Vy maurhidic nen. vy porchen. | 
- Vy parch. kin tywarch. Kin tywaud, 
Amgadu y tracthu tracthaud. 

Yth voli kin towi tawaud. 

Ac im cow. valioff. adiwaud 

Urth y gureic, y am droio vſſyldaud. 
Ban dŷwu guas duv diwarnaud 

Attav. ir mbrav ao briaud = 
Rotesow dirncid. kindirnaude 6 et” 

A bilwis o bilion. y gnaud. SS 

Canydoct hagen higaff. y rotion. a rothei o nebaud, 
Gvnaoth duv trvgar gardaud. 

In evr coeth kyvoeth, y trindaud. 

Y mas maeistaud. y mao moliduv, 

,Adwin y coti. A. diwad pechaud. 

Wid. weti. Adiwin kelv brad keli. >> ' 

Culuit argluit new nav kanmaul attad. 

Guenglad vad veidroli. 

Guenvlit rit ricitun voli. 

Gwingar kar gvar guironot kodwi. 

Ny chodwis eva irawallon per barauys duv. 

Vrthi. am y cham nychimv ahi. 

Guyth golov a orev crni, 

Ryv dutod odmic. ogyllestio guiso, A guisovis imdeni. 
Poriw now a peris idi. imperuet ychiwoeth y noethi. 
Ao eil guirth. awnaeth ehalaeth argluit a exgliw y y voli. 
Ban winnvis gochol y deli. | 

Sew fort yffocs iti. 

Inytoet aradur in eredic tir 

Herwit guir in gueini Y diwaud y trindaud keli. 

Ew ae mam dinam daun owri. 


Agur guin. Turr guir gwydi nj. 


THE RLACK BOOK OF CARRMARTHEN. 


A dav y geissav in guesti. 

Ar owris y winiti 

A gueleiste gureic a mab genti. 
A diwed tithev irolev guironot. 
My thomet in gweti 

Jn gucled in myned hebti. 

Y rander arad duv erni. 

Ar huni y doeth digiwoeth gwerin. Llin kain kaderthi. 
Toriw anwar enwir cv hinni. . 
Turr keisseid y keissav keli. 

Y diwod vn gurthwn gurtharab, Vrth y gvr aweli. 
A gueleiste dinion din. gowri. 
In myned hebod heb drossi. 
Gueleis ban llyuneis yllentir 
Deguch a weluch y medi. 

Sew awnaethant plant kai 

Y Vrth y medel ym chueli. 
Druy eiroled meir mari 

Oe gwybod guybv duv oheni. 
Yt oet iny diffrid. y. gidahi. 
Ysprid glan a gleindid indi. 


XIV. 


*ADWIN caer yssit ar lan llyant. 
Adwin yd rotir y pauper y chwant. 
Gogywarch de gwinet boed tev wyant. 
Gwaewaur rrin. Rei adarwant. 
Dyv merchir. gueleisse guir yg cvinowant. 
Dyv iev bv. ir. guarth. it adcorssant. 
Ad oet bryger coch. ac och ar dant. 
Oet llutedic guir guinet. Dit y deuthant. 


e The headwriting here changes and becomes much smaller; the two fol- 


owing pieces, Cwegh in tho sine band with those that follow, seem to have 
been subsequently 


inserted in a blank page. 





Fol, 28. b, 


Fol. 94. a. 


THR BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN.  W 


Ac am kewin llech vaclvy kylchuy wriwant 
Cuytin y can keiwin llv o carant. 


XV. 


DINAS maon duv daffar. pendevic adwin adviar. 
Asich heul, agulich odar. 

DINAS maon cas vnbin teernet. kymŷnad kad degin. 
Asich heul agulich. mervin. | 

DINAS maon gulad adav. amdiffin duv amdanav, 
Asich houl agulich. nynhav 

MAD dodes y mortnit, ar merchìn march lluid. 
Kadeirdeuram diwurn. asich heulagulich maelgun. 


XVI. | 
GS WIN y bid hi y vedwen in diffrin guy. 
A sirch y chegev pop vn. pop dvy. 
Ac auit pan vo. y gad in ardudvy. 
A chimrevan biv am rid vochnvy. . : 
A pheleidir a gaur iny ganhvy. 
Ac edwin imonban gluedichuy. 
Ar gueisson gleisson ysca(win) tra vodi. 
Ar dillad rution in ev roti. 


& WIN y bid hi y vedwen. ym pimlumon. 
A wil ban vit ban baran eilon. 

Ac awil y. freige in lluricogion. 

Ac âm gewin iraeluid bvid balawon. 

A mineich in vynich in varchogion. 


CO WIN y bid hi y veduen y guarthaw dinvythuy. 
A vibid ban vo ygad in ardudwy. 
Ar peleidir kychuin amedrywuy. . 
A. phont ar taw. ac arall ar tawuy. ’ 
Ac arall amwall amdwylan gwy. 
c 


18 THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Ar saer ae gunelwy. bid y env garvy. 
Ar benygaul mon ae. guledychuy. 
Guraget dan ŷ gint. guir yg kystvy. 
Dedwytach no mi ae harhowe. 
Amser kadwaladir. kert aganhwi. 


XVII. 


Fel. 94. ». £1 FALLEN peren per ychageu. 
Puwaur maur weirrauc enwauc invev. 
Ami disgoganave rac perchen machrev. 
In diffrin machavuy merchyrdit crev. 
Goruolet y loegyr gorgochlawnev. 
Oian a parchellan dydau dywiev. 
Gorvolet y gimry goruaur gadev. 

In amuin kyminaud clefytaud clev. 
Aer o Saesson. ar onn verev. 

A guarwyaur pelre ac ev pennev, 

A mi disgoganafe gwir heb gev. 
Dyrchafaud maban in advan y dehev. 


S-AFALLEN peren pren hyduf glas. 
Pvwaur y chagev hy ae chein wanas. 
Ami dysgoganafe kad am dias. 


Penguern kywetyrn mety hatas.* 


SAWALLEN peren. a pren melin. 
A. tyw in hal art. heb art inychilchin. 
Ami discoganwe kad im prydin. 

In amvin ev terwin aguir dulin. 

Seith log. y deuant dros lydan lin. 

A seith cant. dros mor y oreskin. 


© The fellewing lines are added, at the bottom of the page, in the same , 
hand, but with fainter ink :— 2 
Ac em gylch kyminawd kymyn leas 
Eingyl gan pendeuic eryri eri attkae. 


” - - 
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—— ——— — woe ——— 








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cremate ofa Lage fron, Lhe Black Book 0 Cacrmarthen (lobe 2.) 


if Innis 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. M 


Or saul ŷ deuant. nydant ŷ kenhin. 
Namuin seith lledwac gwydi ev llettkint. 


FFWALLEN peren. Atyf tra run. 
Kymaeth lissvne iny bon. ir bot y wun. 
Amyscud. ar wy isguit. amdet ar wydun. 
Ac yg coed. keliton y kisceisse vyhun. 
Oian a perchellan. pir puyllutte hun. 
Andaude adar dywir ev hymevtun. 
Teernet dros mor adav dyv. llun. 

Guin ev bid ve kymri or arowun. 


FA WALLEN peren atif in llanerch. 

'Y hangert ae hargel rac riev ryderch. 
Amsathir inybon. maon ynychilch. 

Oet aelav vt vt dulloet diheueirch. 

Nu nym cari guendit ac nimeneirch. 

Oef kas gan gwassauc guaessaf rydirch. 
Ryrewineis y mab ae merch. 

Aghev aduc paup. pa rac nam kyueirch. 
A. guydi guendolev nep riev impeirch. 
Nŷm gogaun guarvy. nym goffvy gorterch. 
Ac igueith arywderit. oet eur, wygorthorch 
Kin buyf. aelav hetiv gan eiliv eleirch. 





THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


. FA FALLEN peren atiff ar lan. afon. 

Iny llurv. ny lluit maer. arychlaer aeron. 

Trafu vm puyll wastad. am buiad inibon. 

A. bun wen warius vn weinus vanon 

Dec inlinet adev ugein inŷ gein anetwon 

It vif inymteith gan willeith agwillon. 

Guydi da diogan aditan kertorion. 

Nv nev nam guy. guall, gan wyllcith a guyllon. 
Nv nev nachyscafo ergrinaf, wynragon. 

Vy argluit guendolev ambrorryv brodorion. 
Guydi porthi heint a hood am cylch cocd keliton. 
Buyf guas guinwydic. gan gulodic gorchortion, 


SAFALLEN peron blodev cssplit, 
Atyf igwerid ag hiid y guit. 
Disgogan hwimleian hwctil adiwit. 
Id lathennaur gan brid gurhid erwit. 
Rac dreigev arderchev. riev rybit. 
Goruit grat wehin din digrefit. 

Rac maban hvan hoolit arweit. 
Saesson ardiwreit beirt ar kinit. 


SAFALLEN peren a pren fion 

Attif y dan gel yg coed kcliton. 

Kid keissecr ofer vit heruit y haton. 

Iny del kadwaladir oe kinadil kadwaon. 

Y erir tywi a teiwi affon. 

A dyuod grande o aranwinion. 

A guneuthur guar. o. willt. o gwallt hirion. 


SAFALLEN peren a pren fion. 

Attif y dan gel yg coed keliton. 

Kid keisser ofervit herwit. y hafon. 

Yn y del kadwaladir oe kinadyl rid reon. 


| 
THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. | ôl 


Kinan inŷ erbin ef kŷchwin ar saesson. | 
Kimry a orvit kein bid endragon. 
Kaffaud paub y teithi. llauen vi bri brython. 
Kenhittor kirrn eluch. kathil hetuch a hinon. 


XVIIL 
@DIAN a parchellan. a parchell dedwit.* 
Nachlat dyredcir ympen minit. 
Clat in lle argel in arcoedit, 
Rac erwis ritech hael ruyfadur fit. 
Ami disgoganafe a gwir uit. 
Hid in abor taradir rao trausev prydein. 
Kimry oll inyeu kyfluit. 
Llyuelin y env o eiseillit 
Gwinot gur digorbit. 


Fol 37.0. GE)IAN a parchellan. oet reid myned 
Rac. kinytion mordei bei llafassed. | 
Rac diuod erlid arnamne ao ingueled. 
Ac or diaghune, ny chumune in lluted. 
Ami disgoganafe. rao ton navfed. 
Rac vnio bariffvin gvehin dived. 
Dirchafaud llogaud tud ir llottcred. 
Yn tymhir gurthtir a guystuìled, 
In y del kinan iti oechin gueled. 
Ny bit attcor bith ar y threfred. 


@)IAN a parchellan nyhaut kisecaff. 
Rao godurt y galar yssit arnaf. i 
Deg mlinet a deu ugein yd portheise poen 
Y struc aorhoon yssit arnaf... 

Oes imi gan iessv gaffv guaessaf 


* The first stanza is written in a different band at the end of the previous 


page. g 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Brenhinoet newoet achoet uchaf, 
Nymad rianed oplant adaw. 

Ar ny creddoe ydovit indit diwethaf. 
Yd welese gnendolev in perthic riev. 
In cynull preitev o pop eithaw. 
Ydan vyguerid rut nv neud araf. 
Pen teernet goglet llaret mvyhaw. 


@DIAN aparchellan oet reid gweti. 
Rac offin pimp penaeth o nortimandi. 
Ar pimhed in myned dros mor heli. 
Y oreskin iwerton tirion trewi. 

Ef gunahaud ryuel a difissci. 

Ac arfev coch. ac och indi. 

Ac winttuy in dihev adoant o heni. 
Ac. awnant enrydet ar bet. Dewi. 
Ami disgoganafe bid divisci. 

O ymlat mab a thad gulad ae guybi. 
A myned y loecruis diffuis trewi 
Ac nabo guared bith y nortmandi. 


C21IAN a parchellan. Nauit hunauc. 
Rydibit attamne chuetil dyfridauc. 
Penaetheu bychein anudonauc. 

Meiri mangaled am pen keinhauc. 

Pan diffon. dros mor guir eneichauc. 
Kad meirch, y danuitt ve dev wynepauc. 
Deuwlaen. ar euguaev anoleithauc. 
Erti heb medi ymbid dyhetauc. 

Guell bet. no buhet pop yghenauc. 
Cirm ar y guraget pedryfanhauc. 
Affanvont ve corforion meibon eidauc. 
Y bit bore taer. rac kaer sallauc. 








THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 15 


Vy Devs domenvs menaud. = : 
Vy bardeir. y Beirt ŷ uedissiand. © M 
Vy maurhidic nen. vy porchon. 

Vy parch. kin tŷwarch. Kin tŷwaud. 
Amgadu ŷ tracthu tracthaud. ' 

Yth voli kin towi tawoud. 

Ac im cow, valioff. adiwaud . 
Urth ŷ gureic. ŷ am droio vffyldaud. =" 

Ban dŷwu guas duv diwarnaud 

Attav. ir imbrav ac briaud. 

Rotesow dirncid. kin dirnaud. 

A bilwis o bilion. y gnaud. 

Canydoot hagon higaff. y rotion. a rothei o nebaud. 
Gynaoth duv trvgar gardaud. y 

In evr coeth kyvocth. y trindaud. 

Y mas maeistaud. y mae moliduv, 

,Adwin y coti. A. diwad pechaud. 

Wid, weti. Adiwin kelv brad keli. 

Culuit argluit new nav kanmaul attad. 

Guenglad vad veidroli. 

Guenvlit rit ricitun voli, 

Gwingar kar gvar guironet kedwi. 

Ny chedwis eva irawallen per barauys duv. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


@IAN a parchellan llim y vinet. 
Kyuuely anwinud panelhute y oruet. 
Bychan awir ryderch hacl heno y ar y wlet. 
A portheise neithuir o anhunet. 

Eiri hid impen clun. gan cun callet. 
Pibonvy imblev. blin wy rysset. 

Ry dibit div maur dit guithlonet. 
Kywrug glyu powis achlas guinet. 

A chivod hirell oe hir orwet. 

Y amvin ao clin terwin guinet. 

Ac onymbit gan vy ri ran trugaret. 
Guae wi ban imbv. trv vy diwet. 


@DIAN a parchan. Ny bit kywun. 
Ban kyhuin llu aor o kaer wyrtin. 

Y harduy dev kenev. in kywrenhin. 
O hil ris acrllut. acr llyf bitin. 

Ban lather y Saesson y kimerev trin. 
Guin ev. bid vy kimri. kimrvy. werin. 


C21IAN a parchellan. a parchell. guin gyis. 
Nachuste hun bore. nachlat im prise. 

Rac dyuod. Ryderch hael, ae cvn kyfruys. 
Kin caffael o honautte y coed reddaud. dychuis. 


@IAN a parchellan a parchell guin. 
Bei guelud s weleis o treis degin. 
Nychyscute hun bore. ny chlatude brin.* 
Ban eistetho saesson iny sarffren. 

A chirchu o pell castell gollwin. 

A tuit dillad hoev a gloev dullin. 


* On the margin— 
Ny chirchud differch o diffuis lin. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


@D IAN a parchellan andaude y naur 
Ban dottint. ve guir guinet ev gueith maur, 
Llaffnev in ertirn kirn a ganhaur. 
Briuhaud llurugev rac llun waewaur.* 
Ami disgoganaue. deu priodaur.. 

A luniont tegnevet o nef hid laur. 
Kynan kadwaladir. Kymri penbaladir. 
Bitaud ev kinatil acdmyccaur. 

A chiureithau gulad. a chistutia gwad. 
Allv alle(——)divahaur. 

An bi ni inacth guared guy(———)aeth 
Neb o haelonaoth nididolaur. 


@DIAN a parchellan. Nud glas minit, 
Tenev vyllen imi nyd llonit. 

Lluid yv, vybleit nim treit guendit. 

Dan diffont guir. brincirch ir guarth luit. 
Kimri a oruit kein bid ev dit. 


| C2)IAN a parchollan. a parchell gawi. 
| Na chlat de rodkir nao iste. wiuuy. 
Nac achar waes. nachar. warvy. 
A chussil arotafe y wenabuy. 
Nauid ieuango serchauo syberv warruy. 
Ami discoganafe gueith machavvi. 
Aduit geloraur rut in riv didmuy. 
O kiwranc y kynvrein bron reinon kifrvi. 
Advit bore och. acoch ofuy. 
Arth o deheubarth a dirchafuy. 
 Ryllettaud y wir ew tra thir mynvy. . 
* The following lines are written ín the same hand on the margin :— 
Ban diffon nortmin. yar llian lin 
Advit imurchrin ina gan vitinaur. 
Agorescin pridein y uiron yswein 
Ar vall o lundein adyattavr. ami 





THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Guini bid hi guendit ae harovy 
Ban. vo pendewic dyued ae guledichuy. 


@IIAN a parchellan neud blodeu drein. 
Gorlas kein minit eliut neud kin. 

Ami discoganaue kad coed lluiuein. 

A geloraur rirtion rac ruthir owein. 

Ban gunelhont meiriev datlev bichein. 
Anudon abrad gulad veibonin. 

A phan del kadualadir y orescin 

Mon dileaur saeson o tirion prydein. 


@DIAN a parchellan maur erissi 
A uit impridein ac nim dorbi 

Ban diffon brodorion o amtiret. 
Mon. y holi brithon brithuid dybi 
Dirchafaud dreic faud fau isperi 
Gurt kyuan uaran o lan teiwi. 
Gunahaud am dyued diguiysci. 
Bit itau inaelau eilon indi. 


| CGOIAN a parchellan. Mor enryuet. 
Na bit un enhid y bid munvet. 

Pelled son saeson seil kynriss. 

Ar brithon haelon hil kymuyet. 

A mi discoganaue kindiguet. 

Brithon dros saesson brithuir ae met. 
Ac ins indaune daun goruolet. 

Guidi bod inhir inhuir. vridet. 


@IAN a parchellan andaude ireilon 
A groar adar kir kaer reon. 

Vn yssun aroun minit maon 

Y edrich drichumauc drich serchogion. 








THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Ami discoganawe kad ar y ton. 

A chad machavvy. a chad avon. 

A chad corsmochno. a chad minron. 
A chad kyminaud. a chad caerlleon. 
A chad abergweith. a chad ieithion. 
A phan vo diwed tir terwin. y. eilon. 
Maban dirchavaud mad. y vrython. 


EA OIAN a parchellan. Bydan a vit. 
Mor truan y. dyuod. ac ew dybit. 
Morynion moelon. guraget revit. 
Karant ny pharchant eu kerenhit. 

Rvit ny kywriut. vrth y gilit. 

Escyp agkyueith diffeith difid. 


XROIAN a parchellan bichan brychni. 
Andaude leis adar myr. maur ev hinni. 
Kertorion allan heb ran teithi. 

Kyn safont iny drvs this nys deupi. 
Rymdivod gwyllan o pell ymi. 

Teernet en ryuet ev kiniweti 

Gwitil a brithon a romani. 

Avvnahont dyhet a divysci. 

Ac y kywenv dywiev divod iti. 

Ac imlat in taer am dvylan tywi 


Ed OIAN a parchellan, bychan breichvras. 
Andav de leis adar mor maur eu dias. 
Kertorion allan heb ran vrdas. 

Gurthwnaud espid a brid gan gwas. 

Heb cadvid. vynep heb ran vrdas. 

Ban. vo. dev broder. deu itas am tir. 
Megittor oc ev guir. vy. hir alanas. 


26 THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


EROIAN a parchellan. Nŷm dawe kingid 
O clybod llois adar duwir dyar ov grid. 
Tonev gvallt vy pon. vy llen nyd clid. 

Dolit vy iscubaur. nyd maur vy id. 

Vy craun haw ami nid imvorid. 

Kyn iscar aduv ditaul kyvid. 

Ami discoganawe kin. gorffon bid. 

Gwraget hob gvilot. gwir hob gurhid 


— EAOIAN a parchellan a parcholl rymi. 
Tonov vyllen nid llonit ymi 
Yr gueith arywderit mi nym dorbi. 
Kynduguitei awir y lavr. allyr. enlli. 
Ami discoganawe gvydi henri. 
Breenhin na breenhin brithwyd dybi. 
Ban vo pont. ar. taw ac arall ar tywi. 
Y dav y dyved ryvel iti. 


XIX. 
ENGLYNNIONN Y BEDEV. 


Fel. 32. a. ESETEV ao gulich y glav.* 

Gvir ny ortywnassint vy dignav. 
Kerwid. a chivrid a chav. 

EBETEV ae tut gvitwal. 
Ny lesseint heb ymtial 
Guryeu. morien. a morial. 

EBETEV ae gulich kauad. 
Gvyr. ny lesseint in lledrad. 
Gwen. a gurien. a guriad. 

BET tedei tad awen. yg godir brin 
Aren. ynydvna ton tolo. 
Bet dilan llan bevno. 

9 This poem is written in a different hand and in paler ink. 


«yl age 


27 Serre 





om. 


ora ad - u 
Sc ddu Uen NF; AC 
rahe * A TM c ve 


; UN A A. a 
AII 


ne oe ” 


î 
NU 
" 
! 
| 





THE BLACK ROOK OF CARRMARTHEN. 


BET kori clotifhir. y godir hen 
Egluis. yny diffuis gracande. 
Tarv torment. ymynwont corbre. 

BET scithonnin sinhuir vann. 

Y rug kacr konodir a glann. 
Mor mauridio a kinran, 

EN abor gwonoli. y mae 
Bot pryderi yny torw tonnev tir. 
Yg karrauo bot gwallauo hir, 

BET gwalchmoi ym peryton. 

Ir diliv. y dynoton. 
In llan padarn bot kinon. 

BET gurgwaud urtin 
In uchel tŷtin. inisol gwelitin, 
Bet kynon mab clytno idin, 

BET run mab pyd in ergrid 
Avon. in oorvil ig gverid. 

Bet kinon in reon rid. 

PIEV y bot ydan y brin. 

Bot gur gurt yg kyniscin. 
Bet kinon mab clytno idin. 

BET mab osvran yg camlan. 
Gvydi llaver kywlavan. 

Bet bedwir in alld tryvan. 

BET owen ab urien im pedryal 
Bid. dan gverid llan morvael. 
In abererch riderch hael. 

GWYDI gurum a choch a chein. 
A goruytaur maur minrein. 
In llan helet bet. owein. 

GWYDI gweli a gwaedlan. 

A gviscav seirch a meirch cann. 
Neud ew hun bet kintilan. . 
PIEV y bet da y cystlun. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


A wnai ar loegir. lv kigrun. 
Bet gwen ab llyuarch hen hun. 

PIEV y bet in yr amgant. | 
Ae tut mor a goror nant. 

Bet meigen mab run rviw cant. 

PIEV y bet iny rinis 
Ae tut mor a goror gwris. 

Bet meigen mab run rvif llis 

ES cul y bet ac ys hir. 

In llurv llyaus amhir. 
Bet meigen ab run ruyw gwir. 

TRI. bet tri bodauc inarterchauc 
Brin. ym pant gwinn. gvinionauc. 
Mor. a meilir. a madauc, 

BET madauc mur egluc. 

Yg kywluc kinhen. vir vrien. 
Gorcv. mab y guyn. o winllyuc. 

BET mor maurhidic diessic 
Unben. post kinhen kinteic. 
Mab peredur penwetic. 

BET meilir maluinauc saluvodauc 
Sinhvir. fisscad fuir fodiauc. 
Mab y bruin o bricheinauc. 

PIEV y bet in rid vaen ked. 

Ae pen gan y ranvaered. 
Bet. run mab alun diwed. 

BET alun dywed yny drewred 
Drav. ny kiliei o caled. 

Mab meigen. mad pan aned. 

BET Ilia gvitel in argel 
Ardudwy. dan y gvellt ae gvevel. 
Bet epint inyffrin gewel. 

BET dywel mab erbin ig gwestedin. 
Caeav. ny bitei gur y breinhin. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. ôl 


Divei ny ochelei trin. — 
“BET gurgi gvychit a guindodit / 
Lev. a bet llaur llu ouit. “ a 
Yg guarthaw guanas guyr ysait. 
E BETEU hir yg guanas 
Ny chauas ae dioes. 
Pvy vynt vy pvy eu neges. 
TEULU oeth ac anoeth a dyuu 
Y noeth y eu gur y eu guas. 
Ae ceisso vy clated guanas 
BET llvch llaueghin ar certenhin 
Avon pen saeson suyt erbin 
Nŷ bitei drimis heb drin. 
EBETEU yn hir vynyt. 
Yn llvyr y guyr lluossit. | 
Bet gvryen gvrhyd enguavt. allvytauo uab lliwelit. 
Pieu yr bet ynymynyt 
A lyviasei luossit. bh, 
Bet fyrnuael hael ab hyvlyt. 
PIEU ir bet hun bet eitivlch 
Hir. ig gurthtir pennant turch. 
Mab arthan gywlauan gyuulch. 
BET llev llaugyfes y dan achles 
Mor yny bu y gywnes. 
Gur oet hvnnv guir y neb ny rotes. 
BET beidauc rut yn amgant riv 
Lyvnav. bet lluoscar yg keri 
Ac yn ryd britu bet omni. 
PELL y vysci ac argut 
Gueryd machave ae cut. 
Hirguynion hysset beidauc rut. 
PELL y vysci ao anau 
Gueryd machave arnau. 
* The handwriting changes here, 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Beidauc rut yv hun ab emer llydan. 
BET unpen o pridcin yn lleutir 
Guynnassed. yn yda lliv yn llychur. | 
Ig kelli uriaunel bet gyrthmul. 
EBET yn ystyuacheu 
Ymae paup yny amhcu. 
Bet gurtheyrn purtheneu. 
“*KIAN a ud yn diffeith cund © 
Drav otuch pen bet alltud. 
Bet kindilic mab corknud. 
NEUM duc. i elffin. 
Y prowi vy bartrin. 
Gessevin vch kinran. 
Bet ruvaun ruyvenit ran. 
NEUM duc. i. elffin 
Y browi vy martrin. 
Vch kinran gessevin. 
Bet ruwaun ryievanc daerin. 
BET y march. bet y guythur. 
Bet y gugaun cletyfrut. 
Anoeth bid bet y arthur. 
BET elchwith ys gulich glav. 
Maes meuetauc ydanav. 
Dyliei kynon yno y kiniav. 
PIEV. y bet. hun. bet hun a hun. 
Gowin ymi. mi ae gun. 
Bet ew. bet etew oet hun, 
A bet vidal tal yscvn. 
EITEW ac eidal diessic 
Alltudion. kanavon cylchuy drei. 
Mekid meibon meigen meirch mei. 
PIEV y bet hun. bet bruyno 
Hir hydir ywir iny bro. 
© The handwriting of the first part of this poem is here resumed. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Parth y dvei ny bitei fo. 
PIEV y bet hun nid 
Aral guythuch urth ervid. 
Trath lathei chvarchei vrthid. 
BET ailit dŷval inedrywuy le. 
Bet llemenio in llan elvy. 
'Yg guernin bre bet eilinvy. 
BET milur mirein gnaud kelein 
Oelav. kin bu. tav. y dan mein, 
Llachar mab run ŷg clun kein. 
BET talan. talyrth 
Yg kinhen teir cad. 
Kymynad pon pop nŷrth. 
Hyget a goret y pirth. 
BET elissner abner. inywinder. 
Daear diarchar dibryder. 
Pen llv wu tra wu y amser. 
BET gur gurch y var. “ 
Llachar llŷv niver. in aber duwir dyar. 
Yny gvna tavne toniar 
PIEV ŷ bet yny ridev. 
Bet ruyw yv hunnv mab rigenev. 
Gur a digonei da ar y arwev. 
PIEV y bet hun bet breint. 
'Y rug llewin ae lledneint. 
Bet gur guae. y isscereint. 
PIEV y bet ŷn llethir. y brin. 
Llauer nys guir ae gowin. 
Bet y coel mab kinvelin. 
BET deheveint ar cleveint awon. 
Yg gurthtir mathauarn. 
Y stifful kedwir cadarn. 
BET aron mab diwinvin. 
D 


< 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Inhir gwennle, 
Ny dodeilew ar ladron. 
Ny rotei gwir y alon. 

BET taw logev. mab llut. inytrewrut 
Trav. mal y mae iny kystut. 
Ae clathei caffei but. 

PIEV y bet ar lan ryddnant. 
Run. y. env radev keucant. 
Ri oet ew. Riogan ae gvant. 

OET ef kyfnyssen y holi 
Galanas. guawrut grut aten. 
Achen bvir but bet bradwen. 

PIEV y bet pedrival. 

Ae pedwar mein amytal. 
Bet madauc marchauc dywal, 

EN eiwonit elvit tir. 

Ymae gur hyduf hir. 
Lleas paup pan rydighir. 

ETRI bet yg kewin kelvi 
Awen ae divaud imi 
Bet kinon garv y duyael. 

Bet kinvael bet kinveli. 

BET livid lledneis. ig kemeistir. 
Kin boed hirtuw y eis. 
Dygirchei tarv trin ino treis. 

BET siaun syberv in hirerw. 
Minit. yrug y gverid ae derv. 
Chuerihinauc braucbrid chuerv. 

PIEV y bet yny clidur. 

Tra wu ny bv eitilur. 
Bet ebediv am maelur. 

PIEV y bet iny rallt. trav. 
Gelin y lauer y lav. 

Tarv trin trugaret itav. 





THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 35 


*Y BEDDEU yny morua 
Ys bychan ay haelewy. 
Ymae sanauc syberw vun. 
Y mae run ryuel aswy. 
Ymae earrwen verch hennin 
Y mae lledin allywy. 

BET hennin henben yn aelwyt 
Dinorben. bet airgwl yn dŷuet 
Yn ryt gynan gyhoret. 

GOGYUARCH pob diara 
Pieu yr Gedgor yesy yma. 
Bet einya(n ab cunedda 
Cwl ym prydein y ddiua 

PIEU yr bed yny maes mawr. 
Balch y law ar y lafnawr, 
Bet beli ab benlli gawr.. 


XX. 
KYGOGION. ELAETH AE CANT. 


Fol. 35.6. + GETANTREGHIS wiguisc amhoen. 
| O amryues neus adwaen, 
Nym gunaho douit duy poen. 
Ny gvnaho dowit duy poen 
Ar din amydic ae awar. 
Direid new. direid daear. 
Daearaul pechodaul imyoel aduv. 
A deweint, duhuned. 
A gothuy crist nachisced. 
Nachisced mab. din. yr dioteiveint 
Mab duv. a duhuned pilgeint. 
Ew keiff new a chirreiveint. 


* What follows is in a different hand, and, from the orthography, more 
orn. 
+ The older hand is here resumed. 


36 THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTIEN. 


Ryrreiweint a geiff a goffaho 

Duv ao nistirmycco. 

A now y nos y tragho, 

Otreino mab din hob imdiwin 

A duv. am awnol o pechaud. 

Ny mad acth eneid iny gnaud. 

Ny naud y dircid imioli 

A duv. incrbin dit kynhi. 

Ny thobic drud y treghi, 
Cantreghis, 


XXI 


ELAETH AGANT. 


Fel. 96. b. EREB coffav duv daun diffrid 
Gwirion ac egilion hevid 
Gormot o cam syberwid, 

Guae ac gunel heb kel imbit, 
Nycharaw alaw ol difod 
Bressuil. pop pressent yshawod, 
Din wuyf itav. eitav clod 
Yduv gorev im gorvod. 

Caraw voli pedyr avedir tagtew 
Iaun. ao pelltaun. ygid ao ew 
Im pop icith obeith atew. 
Llara cloduaur, hacl porthaur new, 
Y duv y harchaw arch roti 
Argluit. yn arglodir eloy, 

Im eneid rao y poeni. 

Naut oll yr holl merthyri. 

Y duv y harchaw arch aton 
Dihov rac poenev gelinion. 

Y. menid. o pleid cofion. 

Naut meir gwiri ar gueriton. 


Fol, 86, a. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. — 


Y duv. y. harchaw arch howid — 
Kywiaun can dichaun vyniffrid. 
Y. monoid rao pocn enbid. | 
Naut cristonogion y bid. - 
Y duv. y. harchaw arch giwreint 
Brosswil inprissur pop pilgeint, 
Y meneid rac pocin oweint, : 
Naut duire y rolro seint. 

Hob coffav duv. 


XXII. 


GEREINT FIL ERBIN, 


ET AO gorcint golin kystut. 

Y gucleise meirch can crimrut. 
A gwidy gaur garv achlut. 

Rao Geroint gelin dihad. U 
Guolcise moirch crimrut o kad. 
Aguydi gaur garu puyllad. 

Rao Gereint golin ormes. 
Gucleis meirch can eu crees. 
Aguydi gaur garv achles. 

En llogborth y guelciso vrcheint, 
Agcloraur mvy nomoint, . 
Aguir rut rac ruthir gereint, 

En llogporth y guelcise giminad. 
Guirigrid eguaed am iad. . 

Rac gereint vaur mab y tad. 

En llogporth guelcise gottoev. 

A guir ny gilint rac gvacv. 

Ao y ved gvin o guydir gloev, 
En llogporth y gueleise arwev 
Guir a guyar in dinev. 

A gvydi gaur garv atnev. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


En llogporth y gueleise, y arthur 
Guir deur kymynint adur. 
Ameraudur llywiaudir llawur 
En llogporth y llas y gereint. 
Guir. deur o odir diwneint. — 
Achin rillethid ve. llatysseint. 
Oet re rereint dan vortuid 
Gereint garhirion graun guenith. 
Rution ruthir eririon blith. 

Oet re rerent dan vortuid 
Gereint. garhirion graun ae bv. 
Ration ruthir eriron dv. 

Oet re rereint dan mortuid 
Gereint. garhirion graun boloch. 
Rution ruthir eriron coch. 
Oet re rereint dan mortuid 
Gereint. garhirion graun wehin. 
Rution ruthir eririon gvinn. 

Oet re rercint dan vortuid 
Gereint. garhirion grat hit. 
Turuf goteith ar diffeith mynit. 
Oet re rereint. dan vortuid 
Gereint garhirion gran anchvant. 
Blaur blaen eu raun in ariant. 
Oet re rereint dan mortuid. 
Gereint. garhirion. graun adas. 
Rution ruthir eryrion glas. 

Oet re rereint dan mortuid 
Gereint. garhirion graun cu buyd 
Rution ruthir eririon llvid. 

Ban aned gereint oet a gored 
Pirth new. rotei crist a arched 
Prid mirein prydein wogoned. 


Fol. 37. a. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN, $9 


XXIIL 


Ad UV in kjmhorth in nerth in porth in canhorthu. 
Y valch teeirn dinas unbin degin adwi. 

Hywel welmor. kimry oror kyghor arvy. 

Terruin trochiad. torwoet ueitad vab goronvy. 

Godrut y var. gurt in trydar gvae ryoothvy. 

Pedridauc heul. muyhaw y treul. vchel kylchwy. 

Tir brycheinauc. dy iaun priaud. paup ae gwelhvy. 


ERV rydadlas am luith eurgvas euas lyvuy. - 
Ergig anchvant. guent. gulad morgant. Dyffrin mynvy. ° 
Gvhir penrin ystradvi brin. tywin. warvy. 
Dyued dvycaun. kerediciaun. kiflaun owuy. 

A meironit ac ewionit. ac ardudvy. 

A llein drav. ac aberffrav. a. dyganhvy. 

Ros rowynniauc. ran arderchauc. rugil yg gortuy. 
Tegigil (—)al edeirnaun ial arial arlvy. 

Ryuel ebruit. a diffrin cluit, a nant convy. 
Powis enwauc. a chyueilauo ac avo myy. 
Dyffrin hawren. keri dygen. kyven venvy. 
Elwael buellt. maelenit guell pell y treithvy. 
Teir rac ynis. ar teir inis. ar tramordvy. 

Hyuel guledic. vt gveith vutic. id y guystlvy. 


V THARKIVEIR ar pennic penn. o, plant nevuŷ. 
Goruir edwin. guraul breenhin. dilywin denvy. 
Dreic angerdaul turvf moroet maur, meint achupvy. 
Rywiscuis llaur am y vyssaur eur amaervŷ, 

Bei na chaned. y. tyernet anhvyet rvy. 

Or saul pennaeth ageis inaeth. arvaeth camrvy. 
Hydir y kymhell. hywel env opell. guell yv noo vj. 
Dipryderant di yscarant. rac. y dibvy. 

Dihev ittunt. trallaud kystut. achur kystvy. 


40 THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTIIEN. 


Gwerin wcrid. gwedy clevid crid a chymvy. 
Ny dav inctic hid orphen bid. hid y nottvy. 
Hyuel haelaf. vaur cilassaw gorcscynhvy. 

Caffaud hyuel urth y hocwct. wy rybuchvy. 


“WZ Y ry puched y colowin ked. clod pedrŷdant, 
Ryuel dywal vrien haval. arial vythcint. 

Gurisc gueilgi dowyn. kyvid hehowin colofyn milcant. 
Llugirn deudor. lluoet agor. gur. bangor breint. 
Prydus perchen priodaur ben. pen pop kinweint. 
Gorev breenhin ar gollewin, hid in llundein. 
Haelaw lariaw. levaf teccaf. o adaw plant. 
Gwerlig haeton gvaut verdidon vaton vetveint. 
Goruir menic mur gwerennic gurhid gormant. 
Terruin am tir. ri reith kywir. o hil morgant. 

O morccanhve o rieinvc radev rvytheint. 

O teernon kywrid leon. galon reibeint 

Vn vid veneid y ellyspp bid. gelleist porthant. 
Hoethil hir ac ew. a chein y atew trvi artuniant. 
Vrten arnav. rad ac anaw. affav a phlant. 


XXIV. 


Fel 30.6 — fFASSUYNAW naut duv diamehv 
Y daun aedonyauc wiffinnhev. 
Ar dy guir erir aerev. 
Ar dy gulad guledic dehev. 
Assuinaf archaf eirchad 
Ym gelwir. naut kyuir kygwastad. 
Ar dydrissev aer. drussad. 
Ar didrissaur gvaur gwenvlad. 
Assuinaw archaw arch vaur 
Y periw a peris new allaur. 
Naut rac dyuar car kertaur. 
Ar dypirth ar diporthaur. 


THE BLACK DOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 41 


Assuinaf naut haut haelon 
Dohouparth dihouporth kertorion. 
Athturuf othtarianogion. 
Athtoryf oth teorn meibon, 
Assuinaf y chnaut nacheluch. 
Ychporth. can perthin attreguch, =’ _— 
Gostecwir llis gosteguch. 

Gostec. beirt bart aglywuch. | 
Assuinaf haut naut haelvonet. 
Worsset. nyth orsseiw teernet, 

Ar dy torif coryf kywrisset 

Ar dy teulu teilug met. 

Met cuin ev gwiraud met kirn 

Ae gwallav. ae gwellig in eurdirn. 
Agloev y ved in edirn. 

Agliv deur. aglev teeirn. 

Teern weilch pridein prydaw 

Ych priwgert. ych priwclod adigaw. 
Ych. bart ych beirnad vytaw. 

Ych porth perthin yv ataf. 

Attep aganaw ar canhuyw. 

Vy argluit, ergliv. wi. can dothuif. 
Lleissaun lliw llev gliv glevrvit. 
Laessa divar di bart wif. 

Viw kertaur imruw. ruisc. morkimlaut 
Gurt. ruis firt kvit kert, vahaut. 
Assuinasserv herv hirvlaut. 

Assuinaf ar wut naw. naut. 

Assuinaw naut duv diamhev. y daun. 


— — — — 


XXV. 
Fol. 40.0.  “*JMRA vom kyd keredd. goned kydimyteith. _ 
Bid pyrfeyth in gueithred. 
* This short poem is written in the same more modern hand with the stan- 
zas at the end of the Englynnonn y bedev. 


43 THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Keyssun y minared drvi fit 
A. crevit. acred. kyd credwit 
Douit. drvi kereirhyt. fit. 
Maur penyd meith peunyt. 
Eneid pan im kenerchyt. 

Pa divet ae bet ambit. 


XXVI. 


Fel. êl. a. * X2)V dy uarch du dŷ capan. 
Du dy pen du duhunan. 
Ia du ae ti yscolan. 
Mi iscolan yscolheic 
Yscawin y puill iscodic. 
Guae, ny baut agaut guledic. 
O losci ecluis. allat buch iscol 
Allyvir rod y voti 
Vy penhid, ystrum kynhi. 
Creaudir y creadurev. perthidev 
Muyhaw. kyrraw de imi vygev. 
Ath vradaste. am tuyllas ynnev. 
Bluytin Haun im rydoded. 
Ym. bangor ar paul cored. 
Edrich de poen imy gan mor pryuod. 
Bei yscuypun arvn. 
Mor amluc guint. y vlaen bric guit fallum. 
Arav vncuthumo bith nys gunaun.f 


* The handwriting of the carly part of the MS. is here resumed. 
* The following atanza is added in a amaller hand :— 
Creaudir y creaduriev perthidev muythaw, 
Matev imvygcev. athuradaste am tuyllas ynheu. 
Bluytin llaun ymrydodid, ym bangor ar paul 
Cored. edrich de poon imi gan mor pryued, 


Fol. 41. b. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


XXVII. 


ES YNTAW geir adywedaw. 
Y bore ban kyuodaw. 

Croes crist in wisec ymdanaw. | 
Arhelv uy ren y guiscav 

Hetiu. un trev a glyuaw. 

Nid ew wy duu niscredaw. 
Guiscaw ymdanaw inberch. . 
Ny credaw coel canyd kerch, 


. Y gur am creuyse am nerth, 


Ymae vimrid ardebed. 
Arowun ar mor wyned. t 
Etyl butic bitaud ked. 

Ymae vymrid ar kighor. 
Arowun mynod. ar mor. 

Etyl butic bytaud ior. 
Dyrcheuid bran y hasgell 
Arowun myned. impell. 

Etyl butic bitaud guell. 
Dyrcheuid bran y hadein. 
Arowun myned ruvein. 

Etil butio bytaud kein. 
Ystarndo winou fruin guin. 
Rodoo hiraethauc raun rin. 
Ron now. oot reid duu genhin, 
Ystarndo winov birr y blev, 
Ruit ygniw. rygig. otew. 
Mynyd vo truin. yduit trov. 
Yetarnde winev hir y neid. . 
Ruit yg nyw rygig. woteid. 
Ny lut ar lov trov direid. 
Trum kyduod dacar, tev deil dria. 
Chuorv vuclin mot molis. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CARRMARTHEN. 


Ren new ruitado vy nogos. 

O cissillit gulodic. a gucith 

Wtic, wosprid, aphodir pon pop ieith. 
Sanffreid suynado in imdcith. 

Houl cirioled arounod 

Arpluit. crist kely. colowin ked. 
Dywyocviff wym pochaud am guoithrod,* 


GWI aego winneis y offereid 
Bid. ae hesgip ae higneid 
Ba beth orev rac eneid. 
Pader a buyeid a bendiceid 
Creto, ae canho rac eneid. 
Hid wraud goreu gortywneid. 
Yscythrich fort a delhich ti. allunhich tagneuet. 
Nythvi tranc ar trugaret. 
Ro vyd. y. newynauc. a dillad y noeth. 
A chenich golychuid. 
O kyuil dicuil dothuid. 
Syberu asegur dolur ar eu knaud. 
Guerth myned dros uessur. 
Ystir nithiau ny bo pur. 
Ryhun a ryuetudaud. ariwiraud 
O vet. a rictillter. o gynaud. 
Llyna chuec chuerv erbin. braud. 
Anudon am tir. abrad argluid. 
A diuanv llaugar, 
Dit braud bitaud ediwar. 
O kyuodi pilgeint adeueint 
At the bottom of the page, in the same hand as the addition to No. 26— 
Torrwin pisc tuth eleirch 


Tonn. trybelid areith, 

Duv y din a denvin kedimdeith. 
Gorwin blaen perthen. Kein gywrev 
Adar. hir dit bann cogev. 
Tragar daffar dav orev. 


TUE BLAOK BOOK OF OAERMARTHEN. 45 


Duhunau. ac y meitunav. ar seint. | 
Id koif£ pop cristaun. kyrroiucint. 


XXVIII 


Fol, 4.0. GS VLEDIO ar bonnio crbin attad. 
Er barch o kyuarch. o, kyuacnad. 
Ynigabil barabil ar y parad. 

Vy kert ith kirpuill kanuill kangulad. 
Can vid priodaur. 

Canuid meidrad maur. 

Canuid kighoraur guaur goleuad. 
Canuid bron proffuid. canuid inad. 
Canuid riev hael. canuid. rotiad. 
Canuid. athro im. namethryad. 

Oth. vann. oth varan. oth virein gulad. 
Nam ditaul oth. wt. vt echeiad, 

Nam gwellio ymplic impled dirad. 
Nam gollug oth lav. guallus trewad. 
Nam ellug gan llu du digarad. 


CO WLEDIC arbennic. ban geneise, 

O. honaud nid ower traethaud imi ar a trecheia 
Nid cissov. wy kord. yg kein ewreis, 

Nid eissywed ked men y keweis. 

Nid ew ym crevis dews diffleis. 

Yr guneuthur. amhuill na thuill, na threis. 
Nid ew duhunaur a handeneis, | 
Nid ew rotir new, ir neb nvy keis. 

Nid rvy o awit awenyt eis. 

Nid rvy o obruy a obryneis. 

Nid porthi ryuic ryuegeis im bron. 

Nid porthi penid. ry vetyleis. 

In adaud.wy ren rydamvneis, 

Rydid imeneid. reid ry ioles. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


XXIX. 


JESENDITH y wenwas. ir deo diyrnas. 
Breisc ton. bron ehalaeth. 

Duv. y env in nvfin impop ieith. 

Dyllit enweir meir rymaeth. 

Mad devthoste yg corffolaeth. 

Llyna mab gowri gobeith. 

A dylivas idas y leith. 

Bu drvi. vewil. athuyllvriaeth, 

In hudaul gvar guassanaeth y argluit. 
Bu hywit. ac. ny bu doeth. 

Ac hid vraud. ny vn y arvaeth. 

Kyffei bart pridit. ar yssit. 

In eluit. Ar hallt ar echuit. 

Ar graean. ar mir. ar sir syweditiaeth. 
Beirnad rodiad llara llau fraeth. 

Mai y dinwas sune. gunaune eddwaeth. 
Kyuoethev. ri. nisrdraeth. 

Maur duv hetiv. moli dyvr daaeth. 


EENDITH nautoryw new. ir keluit 
Creaudir. kyuothauc duu douit. 

Aperis lleuver lleuenit. 

Hael. vynver heul in dit. 

Eil kanuill cristaun. a leuich uch eigaun. 
Lloer vilioet vilenhit. 

Athrydit ryuet. yv merwerit 

Mor. cv threia. cud echwit.* 

Cv da. cvd ymda. cv. treigil, cv threwna. 
Pa hid. a. nev cud vit. 

Y pen y seith mlinet. 


© On the margin, in a small hand — 


Digones perw. pedwerit 
Yvet. redecauc duwyr chwit. 


Fol. 45, a. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Y duc ren y risset. 
Y dadwet. ynyduit. 
Jolune ara beir. kyvoethauc | 
Duu vab meir a peris new ac eluit. 
Pan deuthoste y passc diwedit. 
O vffern. awu ran iti. bv rit. 

' Ren new ryphrinomne digerenhit. 


\ 
XXX. 7 


JGIYM awel llum brin. 
Anhaut caffael clid. 

Llicrid rid reuhid llin. 
Ryseiw gur arvn conin. 

Ton trathon toid tu tir, 
Goruchel guaetev rac bron banev 
Bre breit allan or seuir. 

Oer lle, lluch rac brythuch 
Gaeaw. crin caun calaw truch. 
Kedic awel, coed inibluch. 
Oer guely pisscaud ygkisscaud 
Iaen. cul hit caun barywhaud. 
Birr diuedit guit gvyrhaud. 
Ottid eiry guin y cnes. 

Nida kedwir oe neges. 

Oer llinnev eu llyu heb tes. 
Ottid eiry guin. aren. 

Segur yseuid ar iscuit hen. 
Ryuaur guint reuhid dien. 

. Ottid eiry ar warthaw rev. 
Gosgupid gint blaen guit tev. 
Kadir yscuid ar yscuit glev. 
Ottid eiry tohid istrad. 
Diuryssintvy keduir y cad. 
Mi nidaw, anaw nim gad. 


47 





THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTUEN. 


Ottid ciry o dv riv. 
Karcharaur goruit cul biv. 
Nid annuyd hawdit hetiv. 
Ottid eiry. guin goror 

Mynit. llum guit llog ar mor. 
Meccid llvwyr llauer kyghor. 
Eurtirn am cirn. cirn am duir. 
Oer llyri lluchedio auir bir 
Diwedit blaen gvit gvir. 
Gvenin igogaur guan gaur 
Adar. dit duilith 
Kyssulwin kewin brin coch gwaur. 
Guenin igodo, oor agdo 

Rid. reuid rev pan vo. 

Ir nep goleith lleith dyppo. 
Guenin igkeithiv gwirdiv 

Mor crin calaw caled riv. 

Oer divlit. yr eluit hetiv. 
Guenin ig clidur rac gulybur 
Gaeaw. glas cunlleit cev ewur. 
Dric weuet llyvrder ar gur. 
Hir nos llum ros lluid riv. 
Glas glan guilan in emriv. 
Garv mir glau auit hetiv. 

Sich guint gulip hint. 
Kinuedauc diffrint. 

Oer callet cul hit 

Lly win awon hinon uit. 
Driccin imynit avonit 

Igniw. gulichid lliw llaur trewit. 
Neud gueilgi gueled ir eluit. 
Nid vid iscolheic, nid vid eleio 
Unben. nyth eluir in dit reid. 
Och gindilic, na buost gureic. 


THR BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 49 


Kirchid carv crum tal cum 
Clid. briuhid. ia. brooet um. 
Rydicige glev o lauor trum. 
Bronureith breith bron. 
Breith bron bronureith. 
Briuhid talglan. gan 
Garn carv culgrum cam. 
Goruchel awel guaet. vann. 
Dreit guir or seuir allan. 
Kalangaeaw gurim gordugor 
Blaen gruc. goreuynauc ton mor. 
Bir dit deruhid ych kighor. 
O kiscaud yseuid ac aral 
Goruit. a guir deur diarchar, 
Tec nos. y. ffissccau escar, 
Kinteic guint creilum . 
Coed. crin caun caru iscun. 
Pelis enuir pa tir hun. 
Kin ottei eiry hid inaruul 
Melin. nim gunaei artu awirtul, 
Towissune lv y brin. tytul. 
Can medrit morruit. y rodwit 
A rid a riv eiry adiguit. 
Pelis pan vid kyvarwit. 
Nim guna pryder im prydein 
Heno kyrchu bro priw uchei. 
Y ar can kanlin owein. 
Kin imtuin ariw eu ac yscuid 
Arnad. diffreidad kad kynuid, 
Pelis pa tir. ythuaguid. 
Y gur a rithao duv. o rigaeth 
Carchar. rut y par o penaeth 
Owein. reged am ryvaeth, 
Can ethiv ruiw in. 

E 


So THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Rodwit iwerit a teulu na fouch. 
Guydi met meuil na vynuch, 

Y bore gan las y dit 

Ban kirchuid mug maur treuit. 
Nyd oet uagaud meirch mechit. 
Nim guna lleuenit llad. 

Or chuetleu amdiallad. 

Mechit golo guit arnad, 
Kyuaruuan amcavall 

Kelein ariuar ar wall 

Kiwranc run ar drud arall. 
Canisfonogion mugce. alataut mechit. 
Druduas nis amgiffre dit. 

Periw new pereiste imi dyuit. 
Gwir. igrid rid rewittor. 
Oeruelauo tonn. brith bron mor. 
Ren rothid. duv. in. kighor. 
Mechit mab llywarch. dibawarch 
Vnben. glvystec llenn lliwalarch. 
Kyntaw. a ffruincluymus march. 


XXXII. 


Fel. 67. b. ED A gur ŷv ŷ porthaur. 
Gleuluid gauaeluaur. 
Pa gur ae gouin. 
Arthur. a chei guin. 
Pa imda genhid. 
Guir gorev im bid. 
Ym ty ny doi 
Onysguaredi. 

Mi ae guardi. 
Athi ae gueli. 
Vythneint elei. 
Assivyon ell tri 





THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHENM. 


Mabon am mydron. - — 
Guas uthir pen dragon. 
Kysceint. mab, banon. 
A guin godybrion. 

Oet rinn vy gueisson 
In amuin ev detvon. 
Manawidan ab llyr. 
Oet duis y cusil. 
Neustuc manauid 

Eis tull o trywruid. 

A mabon am melld, 
Maglei guaed ar guelld. 
Ac anguas edeinauc, 

A lluch. llauynnauc. 
Oetin diffreidauc 

Ar eidin cyminauc. 
Argluit ae llochei 
My nei ymtiwygei. | 
Kei ae heiriolei, 
Trae llathei pop tri. 
Pan colled kelli 
Caffad cuelli. aseirolei. 
Kei hid trae kymynhei, 
Arthur ced huarhei. 

Y guaed gouerei. 

In neuat awarnach 

In imlat ew agurach. 
Ew a guant pen palach 
In atodev, dissothach. 
Ym minit eidin, 

Amuc. a. chinbin. 

Pop cant id cuitin. 

Id cvitin, pop cant. 
Rac beduir bedrydant. 


51 


$3 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Ar tracthev trywruid. 
In amvin a garv luid. 
Oet guychir y annuyd. 
O detyw ac yscuid. 
Oet guaget bragad 
Vrth. kei ig kad. 

Oet cletyw ighad. 

Oe lav diguistlad. 

Oet hyneiw guastad 
Ar lleg ar lles gulad. 
Beduir. a bridlav. 

Nau cant guarandau. 
Chuechant y eirthau. 
A talei y ortinav. 
Gueisson am buyint. 
Oet guell banuitint. 
Rac riev emreis. 
Gueleise. kei ar uris. 
Preitev gorthowis. 

Oet gur hir in ewnis. 
Oet trum y dial. 

Oet tost y cynial. 

Pan yuei o wual 

Y uei urth peduar. 
Yg kad pandelhei. 
Vrth cant idlathei. 

Ny bei duv ae digonhei. 
Oet diheit aghev kei 
Kei guin allachev. 
Digonint we kadev 
Kin gloes glas verev. 
Y guarthaw ystaw in gun. 
Kei a guant nav guiton. 
Kei win aaeth von 

Y dilein lleuon. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN, 33 


Y iscuid oeb mynud ¢ 
Erbin cath paluc, ". 
Pan gogiueirch tud. 

: Puy guant cath paluc. 
Nau ugein kinllu. | 
A cuytei in ŷ buyd. 
Nau ugein kinran. a.9 


XXXII 


Fol. 49. a. + Meinoeth kiclev lew heid. 
Pen gethin pell ban dygneid. 
Ony lochir llaur nyffeid. 


CET AN is coegauc issi moreurauo 
Ahin in emil llis guallauc. 
Minnev bitaw golvdauc. 

Boed emendiceid ir guit, 
Attinvis y ligad. in y wit. 
Gwallauc ab lleinauo argluit, 
Boed emendiceid ir guit dv. 
Attinnuis y ligad oo ttu. 
Guallauc ab lleinnauc pen llv. 
Boed emendiceid ir guit guenn. 
Attinvis y ligad. oe penn. 

G. ab lleinauc unben, 

Boed emendiceid ir guit glas, 
Attinwis y ligad in guas. 

G. mab lleynnauo vrtas.f 


* The MS. is here again defective. 
+ The handwriting changes, and what follows is in the same hand 
as the Hoianan. 
$ On margin, in a small handwriting — 
| Nid aeth neb auei envauc. 
In gorlluro idaeth gvallauc 
Yvalaen yr veiriauc. 
Nid aeth nep auei edmic 
Ir gorllùro id aeth meuric 
e Ar kewin y gureic in tri diblic. 





Fel. 40. a. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


XXXIII. 


EA ARV trin anvidin blaut, 
Ar benic llu llid anhaut. 
Dinam eiroes am oes naut. 
Ygan gur gurt ŷ kinnit 
Arbennic llv llid owit. 

Athvit naut canyserchit. 

Canis naut im arotit. 

Mor verth y thogyuechit. 
Guaur llv py dv pandoit. . 
Ban deuaw o kad a chiminad 
Maur ac aessaur in aghad. 
Briuint penaur peleidrad. 

Ath kiuarchaw hv yscun 

Gur. ae iscuid in aghen. 

Pebir gur pan iv dyechen. 
Caringrun wimarch kad trablut, 
Hud im gelwire guin mab nud. 
Gorterch creurdilad merch lut, 
Canisti guin gur kiwir. 

Racod ny ryimgelir. 

Minnev guitnev garanhir, 

Nim gade gan kyulauaret 
Athi urthi fruin ydwet. 
Dywris im trum tawuy anct. 
Nid y tawue nessaw alawaraw 
Urthid. nam vin y tawue eithaw. 
Erir mor terruin treiaw. 
Yscithreid vy modruy eur kywruy 
Cann. ŷ gan wyauarvy. 
Gueleis aer rac kaer wantvy. 
Rac mantvy llv a weleis 
Aessaur brihuid. torrhid eis. 
Mygedaul. kein a dygei treis. 


- dou PA! 


wees — 8 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Gwin ab nut but. bitinaur. 

Kint ysirthei kadoet rac carnetaur 
Dy ueirch. no bruyn briw y laur. 
Ystec vy ki ac istrun. 7 
Ac yssew. orev or cvn. 

Dormach oet hunnv afv y maelgun. 
Dormach truinrut ba ssillit 
Arnaw canissam giffredit. 

Dy gruidir ar wibir winit. 

Mi awum iny lle llas guendolev. 
Mab keidav colowin kertev. | 
Ban ryerhint brein ar crev. 

Mi awum in lle llas bran. 

Mab ywerit clod lydan, 

Ban ryerint brein garthan. 

Mi awum lle llas llachev. 

Mab arthur uthir ig kertev. 

Ban ryreint brein ar crev. 

Mi awum lle las meuric. 


' Mab karreian clod edmic. 


Ban ryreeint brein ar cic. 

Ny buum lle llas gwallauc 
Mab goholheth teithiauc. 
Attwod lloegir mab lleynnac, 
Mi awum lle llas milvir 
Pridein. or duyrein ir goglet, 
Mi, wi. wiw. vintev. y. bet, 
Mi awum lle llas milguir 
Bridein or duyrein ir dehev, 
Mi. wi. wiv. vintev. y aghev. 


XXXIV. 


Fol. 49.b. KA YD karhwine morva. caseaue mor 
Pyr toei wanec carreo camhur. 


Fel. Sl. a 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Glev diwal hygar hael huyscur. | 
Yscinvaen beirt bit butic clydur. 
Goruc clod heilin benffic awirtul. 
Hid braud parahaud y ertiwul 

Kyd carhiuwe morua cassaaue ton., 
Digones ton treis oer cleis y ron. 

Ew kuynhiw iny wuiw in hervit hon. 
Gweith heinyw golchiw ar winvywron. 
Kid y lleinv keudaud nis beirv calon. 
Ac inllvrv kyheic kiniod y ron. 
Yssim edivar oe negessev. 

Ban wrissuis pebrur pell y aghev. 
Glev diwal kyweithit yd vam in dev. 
Menic it arwet duwir dalennev. 
Fechid diristan othiwod. 

Mi nythervill imchod. 

Omparth guertheisse march irod. 
Dial kyheic amoet blis. 

Am y kywrev y molis. 

Och corr dy sorrde ymi bv ewnis, 


XXXV. 


CT) ARCHAUC agirch ŷ dinas 
Ae cun gwinior. ae cirn bras. 
Nythadwaen. mi rythwelas. 
Marchauch a kirch ir aber. 
Y ar march cadarn kad fer. 
Dabre genhiw nym gwatter. 
Mi nyd aw ina in aur. 
Gotev gueith y godriccaur. 
Elhid bendith new. a. llaur. 
Ygur nim guelas beunit. 
Ytebic ygur deduit. 

Ba hid eidy aphandoit. 


Fol. 52.8. — 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Ban deuaw o caer seon 

O imlat ac itewon. 

Itaw caer lev a gwidion. 
Dabrede genhiw ir dinas 

Athuit met ara phellas. 

Ac eur coeth ar diwanas 

Mi nyd adwaen y gurhy 
Ametev tan a gveli. 

Tec achuec y diwedi. 

Dabre genhiw imtino 

Athuit guin gorysgelhor. 
Vgnach yw. vyheno mab mydno, 
Vgnach bendith ithorsset 

Athvo rad ac enrydet. © 
Taliessin viw inhev talaw itti dy gulet. 
Taliessin penhaw or guir. | 
Beitad yg kert ykyuergir. 

Tric ima hid dyv merch. 
Vgnach mvihaw y alaw. 

Athvo, rad y gulad pennhaw. 
Ny haetaw kabil ny thrigiaw. 


XXXVI 


MARUNAD Maw..UC MAB MAREDUT, 
KYNTELV PRIDIT MAUR AE CANT. 


@ ODURYW o glyuaw. ar claur 
Maelenit, mur eluit eluan gaur. 


'Teulv Madauc mad anhaur. 


Mal teulv. bann benlli gaur. 
Goduryw a glyuaw. ar claur ieithon. 
Hir, hydir y wir ar saesson. 

Teulv madauc mur galon. 

Mal turuw, tormenhoet kinon. 
Goduryw a glivaw. godor drein 


57 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Waewaur guae loegir in dit kein. 

Teuly madauc mur prydein. 

Yn lluithauc. in llithiav brein, 

Goduryw a gliuaw. ar claur llavur. 
“ Teulv madauc mur eglur, 

Mal gavr toryw teulu arthur. 

Goduryw a glyaw, ar claur vagv 

Glyv. gloev madauc byeiwu. 

Trydit tri diweir teulv, 


XXXVIL 
MARUNAD MADAUC FIL MAREDUT. 


ES YWARCHAW im ri. rad wobeith. 
Kywarchaw kywerchcise canweith, 
Y prowi prydv. opriwieith. 

Eurgort. ym argluit kedymteith, 

Y cvinav madauc. metwcith 

Y alar, ao alon ympob ieith. 

Dor yscor iscvid canhimteith. 
Tarian in acrwan. in evrweith. 
Turuw gruc yg gotuc gotcith. 

Tariw escar y iscuid in dilcith. 
Rwy. mirt kyrt. kertorion. wobeith, 
Rut. dilut diletyw kedimteith, 

Ry gelwid. madauc. kin noe leith, 
Ruid galon. y. vogion diffeith, 

Rvit attaw attep vygobeith, 

Rit. wisscoet. wessgvin canhimteith, 
Rut on gir. Bran vab llir llodieith, 
Ruit y clod includav anreith. 

Rvt woauc vaon ny oleith. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Rad wastad gwistlon canhimteith. 
Llawin aryrad. ig kad ig cvnlleith.* 
Llav escud. dan iscvd calchwreith, 
Llev powis peues diobeith. 

Haul owin. gur ny minn mabweith. 
Hvil yscvn yscvid pedeirieith t 
Hael madauc. veuder anhyweith, 
Can deryv. darfv am ocleith, 

Can daeraud. darw kedymteith, 

Oet beirtcar. bart clvm di ledieith, 
Oet cadarn agor. dywinmor diffeith, 
Oet hir y truited. oed hyged higar. 
Oet llawar guyar. oe kywarweith, — 
Oet buelin blas. gwanas gwaodreith, 
Oet eurllev. o aor llin kadieith, 

Oet diwarn kadarn kedymteith unbin, , 
Oet dirn in heirn. haearn y talheith, 
Ae diwet yspo. canbv. y leith. 
Ydiwin y cam kymoint y affeith, 
Yg goleudor scint. ig goleudeith, 
Yg goleuad rad. ridid perfeith, 


XXXVIII. 


Fol. 68. b. +<SEITHENHIN sawde allan, 
Ac edrychuirde varanres 


Mor. macs guitnov rytoes, 
Booed emendiceid y morvin 


Achellygaut guydi cvin, 
Finaun wenestir mor terruin. . 
* On — 
Llawin gviar a gar. o kidweith 
+ On margin — 


Hil teirn in hoirn henveith y 
$ What follows is in the same handwriting as No, 34... 


Pel 54. a 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


Doed cmendiceid y vachteith. 
Ae. golligaut guydi gucith, 
Finaun wencstir mor diffeith 
Diaspad vererid y ar vann caer. 
Hid ar duu y dodir. 

Gnaud guydi traha trango hir, 
Diaspad merorid. y ar van kaer 
Hetiv. hid ar duu y dadoluch. 
Gnaud guydi traha attreguch. 
Diaspad mercrid am gorchuit 
Heno. ac nimhaut gorlluit 

G. g. traha tramguit. 
Diaspad morerid y ar gwinev 
Kadir keadaul duv ao gorev. 
Gnaud guydi gormot eissev. 
Diaspad merorid. am kymhell 
Heno y urth nyistauell. 

Gnaud guydi traha trangc pell, 
Bot soithenhin synhuir vann 
Rug kaer kenedir a glan, 

Mor maurhidic a kinran. 


XXXIX. 


ENWEV. MEIBON, LLYWARCH HEN. 
* AEC ya gan ir adaren ar perwit pron. 
Veh. pen gwen. kin y olo dan 
Tywarch briw ei calch hen. 
Goreu trywir in ev gulad 
Y amdiffiin ov — treuad. 
Eithir. ac erthir. ac argad. 
Tri meib llywarch. tri aghimen. 
Kad. tri cheimad awlawen. 


* The handwriting again changes to the same handwriting as 
that of Nos. 36 and 87. 


THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN, 


Llov, ac arav. ac vrion, 

Handid haus imachuisson 

Oe adav ar lan awon. 

Y gid allvowur, lluydon. 

Tarv trin ryuel adun. 

Cledir kad kanvill, o. giriun. 

lton now ruy a endeid hun. — 
Gorev try wir y dan new 

Y amdiffin euhadew 

Pill. a seliw. a sandow, 

Y boro gan las y dit. 

Ban kirchuid mug maur trevit, 
Nid ood vagaud moirch mechit. 
Kywarvan am cavall. 

Kelein ar wiar ar wall. 

Kyvranc run. ar drud arall, 
Diaspad a dodir ygwarthaw lluc. 
Vynit, o, duch pen bet kinlluc 
Mou gerit, mi ao goruc, 

Ottid ciry tohid istrad. 

Dwrissint kedwir y cad. | 
Mi nyd aw anaw nimgad. | 
Ny duid ti yscoleio, nid vid eleic 
Vnben nithelwir in dit reid. 
Och kindilio na buost gureic. 

Pell otima aber llŷv. 
Pellaoh yn duy kyuetliw. 

Talan teleiste deigir imi hetiv. 


62 THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


III. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


A MS. OF THE LATTER PART OF THE lôTH OR THE BEGINNING 
OF THE 14TH CENTURIES, THE PROPERTY OF SIR THOMAS 
PHILLIPP&8, Baronet, or MIDDLE HILL, 


Hwn YW E GODODIN. 
ANEIRIN AE CANT. 


& REDYF gwr ocd gwas 
Gwrhyt am dias. 

Meirch mwth myngvras, 

A dan vordwyt megyr was. 
Ysgwyt ysgauyn lledan 
Ar bedrein mein vuan. 
Kledyuawr glas glan 

Ethy eur aphan. 

Ny bi ef a vi 

Cas e rof a thi. 

Gwell gwncif a thi 

Ar wawt dy uoli. 

Kynt y waet elawr 

Nogyt y neithyawr. 

Kynt y vwyt y vrein 

Noc y argyurein. 

Ku kyueillt ewein. 





nn fpd. | 








k ny welef vrun eaw) 
, | uperjonmad | 
emwaiween wits | 


we amadawe | 


pnvanpe | 
eng gor | 








2atïan:neb 
2 xxx) 9 
ju od uch 

u wy. angawr 
lam ag maech mor 

t* pebpe cem 











THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Kwl y uot a dan vrein. 
Marth ym pa vro 
Llad un mab marro. 


ES AYAWC kynhorawo men ŷ delhei. - 
Diffun ymlaen bun med a dalhei 
Twll tal y rodawr ene klywei 
Awr. ny rodei nawd meint dilynei 
Ni chilyei o gamhawn eny verei 
Waet mal brwyn gomynei gwyr nyt echel. 
Nys adrawd gododin ar llawr mordei, 
Rac pebyll madawc pan atcoryei 
Namen un gwr o gant eny delhei, 


FX _AEAWC kynnivyat kywlat erwyt 
Ruthyr eryr en ebyr pan llithywyt. 

E amot a vu not a gatwyt. 

Gwell a wnaeth e aruaeth ny gilywyt. 
Rac bedin ododin odechwyt. 

Hyder gymhell ar vreithel vanawyt 

Ny nodi nac ysgeth nac ysgwyt. 

Ny ellir anet ry vaethpwyt 

Rac ergyt catvannan catwyt. 


ES AEAWO kynhorawe bleid e maran. 
Gwevrawr godiwawr torchawr am rann, 

Bu gwevrawr gwerthvawr gwerth gwin vann. 
Ef gwrthodes gwrys gwyar disgrein. 

Ket dyffei wyned a gogled e rann. 

O gussyl mab yagyrran 

Ysgwydawr angkyuan. 


ES AEAWC kynhorawc aruawc eg gawr 
Kyn no diw e gwr gwrd eg gwyawr. . 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Kynran en racwan rac bydinawr 
Kwydei pym pymwnt rac y lafnawr. 
O wyr deivyr a brennych dychiawr. 
Ugein cant eu diuant en un awr. 
Kynt y gic e vleid nogyt e neithyawr. 
Kynt e vud e vran nogyt e allawr. 
Kyn noe argyurein e waet e lawr. 
Gwerth med eg kynted gan lliwedawr. 
Hyueid hir ermygir tra vo kerdawr. 


ES WYR a acth ododin chwerthin ognaw, 
Chwerw en trin a llain en emdullyaw. 

Byrr vlyned en hed yd ynt endaw. 

Mab botgat gwnaeth gwynnyeith gwreith e law. 
Ket elwynt e lanneu e benydyaw. 

A hen a yeueing a hydyr allaw. 

Dadyi diheu angheu y eu treidaw. 


GS WYR a aeth ododin chwerthin wanar. 
Disgynnyeis em bedin trin diachar. 

. Wy lledi a llavnawr heb vawr drydar 
Colovyn glyw reithuyw rodi arwar. 


C5 WYR a acth gatracth ocd fraeth eu llu. 
Glasved eu hancwyn a gwenwyn vu. 
Trychant trwy beiryant en cattau. 

A gwedy clwch tawelwch vu 

Ket elwynt e lanneu e benydu. 

Dadyìl dieu agheu y eu treidu. 


G5 WYR a aeth gatraeth vaduaeth uedwn. 
Fyryf frwythlawn oed cam nas kymhwyllwn. 
E am lavnawr coch gorvawr gwrmwn. 

Dwys dengyn ed emledyn aergwn. 





THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 65 


Ar deulu brenneych beych barnasswn. 
Dilyw dyn en vyw nys adawsswn. 

_ Kyueillt a golleis diffleis oedwn. 

Rugyl en emwrthryn rynn riadwn. 

Ny mennws gwrawl gwadawl chwegrwn. 
Maban y gian o vaen gwynngwn. 


CO WYR a aeth gatraeth gan wawr 
Trauodynt en hed eu hovnawr. 
Milcant a thrychant a emdaflawr, 
Gwyarllyt gwynnodynt waewawr, 
Ef gorsaf yng gwryaf. eg gwryawr. 
Rac gosgord mynydawc mwynvawr, 


GS WYR a aeth gatraeth gan wawr 
Dygymyrrws eu hoet eu hanyanawr. 

Med evynt melyn melys maglawr. 

Blwydyn bu llewyn llawer kerdawr. 

Coch eu cledyuawr na phurawr 

— En llain. gwyngalch a phedryollt bennawr — 
Rac gosgord mynydawe mwynvawr. 


@WYR a aeth gatracth gan dyd. 

Neus goreu o gadeu gewilid. 

Wy gwnacthant on gougant golorwyd. 

A llavnawr llawn annawd eìn bedyd. 

Gorou yw hwnn kyn kystlwn kerennyd. 
Enucint oreu ac angeu oe hennyd. 

Rac bedin ododin pan vudyd 

Neus goreu deu bwyllyat neirthyat gwychyd. 


GS WR a aeth gatraeth gan dyd. 

Ne llewes ef vedgwyn veinoethyd. 

Bu truan gyuatcan gyvluyd. - 
Mr 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


E noges ef or drachwres drenghidyd. 
Ny chryssiws gatracth 
Mawr mor cholaeth 

E aruaeth uch arwyt, 
Ny bn mor gyffor 
O eidŷn ysgor 

A cagaroi oswyd 
Tutuwlch hir ech e dir ac drouyd. 
Ef lladei Saesson scithuct dyd. 
Perheit y wrhyt en wrvyd 
Ae govein gan e gein gyweithyd. 
Pan dyvu dutvwlch dut northyd. 
Oed gwaetlan gwyaluan vab kilyd. 


CO WR a acth gatraeth gan wawr, 
Wyneb udyn ysgorva ysgwydawr, 
Crei kyrchynt kynnullynt reiawr. 
En gynnan mal taran twryf aessawr, 
Gwr gorvynt gwr ctvynt gwr llawr, 
Ef rwygci. a chethrei. a chethrawr, 
Od uch lled lladei a llavnawr. 

En gystud heyrn dur arbennawr. 

E mordei ystyngceì a dyledawr. 

Rac erthgi erthychei vydinawr. 


C2) vreithyell gatraeth pan adrodir. 
Maon dychiorant eu hoet bu hir. 
Edym diedyrn amygyn dir. 

A meibyon godebawc gwerin enwir. 
Dyforthynt lynwyssawr gelorawr hir. 
Bu tru a dynghetven anghen gywir. 

A dyngwt y dutvwlch a chyvwlch hir. 
Ket yvein ved gloyw wrth leu babir 
Ket vei da e vias ŷ gas bu hir. 


- & edn o, 


oa — ⸗ 


7 — 


— — — —“ 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


EES LAEN echoching gaer glaer ‘ewgel. 
(wyr gweiryd gwanar ae dilynei. 
Blaon ar o bludue dygollouit vual 

Ene vwynvawr vordei, 

Blacn gwirawt vragawt. ef dybydei. 
Blaon eur a phorphor kein as mygei. 
Blaen edystrawr paso ao gwaredei. 
Gwrthlof ac ouo bryt ac derllydei. 
Blaen crwyro gawr buduawr drei. 

Arth en llwrw byth hwyr e teohel. 


FAN AWR ghnhoroan. 
Huan arwyran, 
Gwlodic gwd gyffgein 
Nef onys brydoin. 
Garw ryt rac rynn ; 
Acs elwrw budyn. 

Bual ood arwynn 

Eg kyntod oidyn. 
Erchyd ryodros, 

E vod medwawt 

Yuei win gwirawt. 

Oed eruit uedel. 

Yuei win gouel. 
A'erueid en arued. 

Aer gennin vedel. 

Aer adan glaer. 

Kenyn keuit aer. 

Aer seirchyawc 

Aer edenawc. 

Nyt oed diryf yt ysgwyt 
Gan waywawr plymnwyt. 
Kwydŷn gŷuoedyon; 
Eg cat blymnwyt 


THE BOOK OF ANEURTN. 


Diessic e dias. 
Divevyyl as talas. 
Hudid o wyllyas. 
Kyn bu clawr glas 
Bed gwruelling vrcisc. 


PIMEITHI etmygant 
Tri llwry nouant. 
Pymwnt a phymcant. 
Trychwn a thrychant. 
Tri si chatvarchawc ; 
Eidyn euruchawc. 

Tri llu llurugawc ; 
Tri eur deyrn dorchawc. 
Tri marchawc dywal ; 
Tri chat gyhaual. 

Tri chysneit kysnar ; 
Chwerw fysgynt esgar. 
Tri en drin en drwm. 
Llew lledynt blwm ; 
Eur e gat gyngrwn. 
Tri theyrn maon ; 

A dyvu o vrython. 
Kynri a chenon. 
Kynrein o aeron. 
Gogyuerchi yn hon 
Deivyr diuerogyon. 
A dyvu o vrython 
Wr well no chynon 
Sarph seri alon. 


Ca VEIS ŷ win a med e mordei. 
Mawr meint e vehyr | 


Yg kyuaruot gwyr. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 69 


Bwyt o erŷr erjsmygoi. 
Pan gryssyei gydywal kyfdwyreei. © 
Awr gan wyrd wawr kyui dodei. 
Aessawr dellt ambellt a adawei. 
Pareu rynn rwygyat dygymmynei. 
_ E gat blaen bragat briwei 
Mab syvno; sywyedyd ae gwydydi. 
A werthws e eneit 
Er wyneb grybwyllyeit ; . 
A llavyn lliveit lladei. 
Lledessit ac athrwys ac affrei ; 
Er amot aruot aruaethei. 
Ermygei galaned 
O wyr gwychyr gwned 
Em blaen gwyned gwanei. 


CT VEIS y win a med e mordei 

Can yueis disgynneis rann fin. fawt ut 
Nyt didrachywed colwed drut. 

Pan disgynnei bawb ti disgynnvt 

Ys deupo gwaeanat gwerth na phechut. 
Pressent adrawd oed vreichyawr drut, 


@WYR a aeth gatraeth buant enwawe. 

Gwin a med o eur vu ou gwirawt. 

Blwydyn en erbyn urdyn deuawt, 

Trywyr a thri ugeint a thrychant cundorchawe. 
Or sawl yt gryssyassant uch gormant wirawt | 
Ny diengis namyn tri o wrhydri fossawt. 

Deu gatki aeron a chenon dayrawt 

A minheu om gwaetfreu gwerth vy gwennwawt. 


AEUYG car yng wirwar nŷn gogyffrawt 
O neb ony bei o gwyn dragon ducawt. - 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Ny didolit yng kynted o ved gwirawt. 

Ef gwnaei ar beithing peithyng aruodyawc, 
Ef disgrein eg cat disgrein en aelawt, 

Neus adrawd gododin gwedy fossawt 

Pan vei no llivyeu llymach nebawt. 


.FFRYF angkŷnnull agkyman dull agkysgoget. 
Trachywed vawr treiglessyd llawr lloegrwys giwet. 
Heessit eis ygkynnor eis yg cat uereu, 
Goruc wyr lludw. 
A gwraged gwydw 
Kynnoe angheu. 
Greit vab hoewgir 
Ac ysberi 
Y beri creu. 


SARWR y dwy ysgwyd adan 
E dalvrith. ac eil tith orwydan. 
Bu trydar en aerure bu tan. 

Bu ehut e waewawr bu huan ; 
Bu bwyt brein bu bud e vran. 
A chyn edewit en rydon 

Gan wlith eryr tith tiryon. 

Ac o du gwasgar gwanec tu bronn. 
Beird byt barnant wyr o gallon. 
Diebyrth e gerth e gynghyr ; 
Diua oed e gynrein gan wyr. 

A chynn e olo a dan eleirch 
Vre; ytoed wryt ene arch. 
Gorgolches e greu y seirch 
Budvan vab bleidvan dihavarch. 


CT AM e adaw heb gof camb ehelaeth. 
Nyt adawei adwy yr adwryaeth. 





THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Nyt edewis e lys les kerdoryon prydein 
Diw calan yonawr ene aruseth. | 
Nyt erdit e dir kevei diffeith. 

Dra chas anias dreio ehelaeth. 

Dragon yg gwyar gwedy gwinvaeth 


Gwenabwy vab gwenn ; gynben getracth 


30 gwir mal y meud e gatlew. 
Ny deliis meirch neb marchlew 
Heessit waywawr y glyw. 

Y ar llemenic llwybyr dew. 
Keny vaket am vyrn am borth ; 
Dywal y gledyual emborth. 
Heessyt onn o bedryollt y law ; 
Y ar veinnyell vygedorth. y 
Yt rannei rygu e rywin ; 

Yt ladei a llauŷn vreith o eithin. 
Val pan vel medel ar vreithin 

E gwnaei varchlew waetlin. 


SESSAC anuonawc o barth deheu. 
Tebic mor lliant y deuodeu. 

O wyled a llaryed 

Achein yuet med ; 
Men yth glawd e offer e bwyth madeu. 
Ny bu hyll dihyll na heu diheu. 
Seinnyessyt e gledyf ym penn mameu 
Mur greit oed moleit ef mab gwydneu. 


ES EREDIC caradwj e glot. 
Achubei gwarchatwei not. . | 
Lletvegin is tawel kŷn dyuot. 
_ E dyd gowychyd y wybot. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Ys deupo car kyrd kyvnot 
Y wlat nef adef atnabot. 


ES EREDIC caradwy gynran. 
Keimyat yg cat gouaran. 
Ysgwyt eur crwydyr cadlan ; 
Gwaewawr uswyd agkyuan. 
Kledyual dywal diwan. 

Mal gwr catwei wyaluan. 

Kynn kysdud daear hynn affan 
O daffar diffynnei e vann. 

Ys deupo kynnwys yg kyman. 
Can drindawt en vndawt gyuan. 


O AN gryssyei garadawc y gat ; 
Mal bacd coet trychwn trychyat. 
Tarw bedin en trin gomynyat ; 

Ef llithyoi wydgwn oo anghat. 

Ys vyn tyst cwcin vab eulat. 

A gwrycn. a gwynn a gwrynt. 

O gatracth o gymynat. 

O vrynn hydwn kynn caffat. 
Gwedy med gloew ar anghat 

Ny weles vrun o dat. 


QIWYK a pryssyassant buant gytncit. 
Hoedyl vyrryon modwon uch mod hidloit, 
Gosgord vynydawe enwnwo en reit, 

Gwerth cu gwled o ved vu eu heneit. 
Caradawc amadawc pyll ao yeuan ; 
Gwgawn a gwiawn, gwynn a chynvan. 
Peredur arueu dur; gwawrdur ac mlan. 
Achubyat eng gawr ysgwydawr angkyman. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 73 


A chet lledessynt wy lladassan ; 
Neb y eu tymhyr nyt atcorsan. . 


@WYR a gryssyassant buant gytvaeth. 
Blwydyn od uch med mawr eu haruaeth. 

Mor dru eu hadrawd wy. angawr hiraeth, 
Gwenwyn eu hadlam nyt mab mam ae maeth. 
Mor hir eu hetlit ac eu hetgyllacth 

En ol gwyr pebyr temŷr gwinvaeth. 

Gwlyget gododin en erbyn fraeth. 

Ancwyn mynydawo enwawo e gwnaeth. 

A phrit er prynu breithyell gatraeth. 


@WYR a aeth gatraeth yg cat yg gawr. 
Nerth meirch a gwrymseirch ac ysgwydawr. 
Peleidyr ar gychwyn allym waewawr, 

A llurugou claor a chledyuawr. 

ltagorei tyllei trwy vydinawr. 

Kwydoi bym pymwnt rac y lavnawr, 
ltuuawn hir of rodoi cur e allawr, 

A chot a choclvein kein y gordawr. 


2A) Y wnaethpwyt neuad mor orchynnan. 
Mor vawr mor oruawr y gyvlavan. 
Dyrllŷdut modut moryon tan, 

Ny thracthoi na wnolei kenon kelein, 

Un soirchyawo saphwyawe son odlydan. 
Soinnycssit o glodyf eìn penn garthan, 

Noo no esgyc carioo vyr vawr y chyhadvan. 
Ny mwy gysgogit wit uab peithan, 


TAY wnaethpwyt neuad mor anvonawo 
Ony bei voryen cil caradawc, 
Ny diengis cn trwm elwrw mynawc. 


7 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Dywal dywalach no mab ferawe. 

Fer y law faglei fowys varchawe. 

Glew dias dinas e lu ovnawe. 

Rac bedin ododin bu gwasgarawe. 

Y gylchwy dan y gymwy bu adeuawe. 

Yn dyd gwyth bu ystwyth neu bwyth atveillyawc. 
Dyrllydei vedgyrn eillt mynydawe. 


EBESxEr wnaethpwyt neuad mor diessic 
No chynon lary vronn geinnyon wledic. 
Nyt ef eistedei en tal lleithic. 

E neb a wanei nyt atwenit. 

Raclym e waewawr ; 

Calch drei tyllei vydinawr. 

Rac vuan y veirch ; rac rygiawr ; 

En dyd gwyth atwyth oed e lavnawr. 
Pan gryssyei gynon gan wyrd wawr. 


AOISGYNSIT en trwm yg kessevin. 
Ef diodes gormes ef dodes fin. 

Ergyr gwayw rieu ryvel chwerthin. 
Hut effyt y wrhyt e lwry elfin. 
Eithinyn uoleit mur greit tarw trin. 


AX)ISGYNSIT en trwm yg kesseuin. 
Gwerth med yg kynted a gwirawt win 
Heyessyt y lavnawr rwg dwy vydin. 
Arderchawc varchawc rac gododin. 
Eithinyn uoleit mur greit tarw trin. 


Az)ISGYNSIT en trwm rac alauoed wyrein. 
Wyre llu llaes ysgwydawr. 

Ysgwyt vriw rac biw beli bloedvawr. 

Nar od uch gwyar fin feetinyawr. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


An deliit kynllwyt y ar gynghorawr. 
Gorwyd gwareus rith rin ych eurdorchawr. 
Twrch goruc amot emlaen ystre ystrywyawr. 
Teilingdeith gwrthyat gawr, 

An gelwit e nef bit athledhawr. 

Emyt ef krennit e gat waewawr. 

Catvannan er a clut clotvawr, 

No chynhennit na bei llu idaw llawr, 


§AM drŷnni drylaw drylenn. 

Am lwyas am diffwys dywarchen, 
Am gwydaw gwallt e ar benn, 
Y am wŷr eryr gwydyen. 

Gwyduc neus amuc ac wayw 
Ardullyat diwyllyat e berchen. 
Amuc moryen gwenwawt — 

Mirdyn. a chyvrannv penn 

Prif eg weryt. ac an nerth ac am hen ; 
Trywyr yr bod bun bratwen. 
Deudec gwenabwy vab gwenn. 


SAM drynni drylaw drŷlenn. | 
Gweinydyawr ysgwydawr yg gweithyen. 
En aryal cledyual am benn. 

En lloegyr drychyon rac trychant unben. 
A dalwy mwng bleid heb prenn. 

En e law ; gnawt gwychnawt eny lenn. 

O gyurang gwyth ac asgen. 

_ Trenghis ny dienghis bratwen. 


CUR ar vur caer krysgrwydyat | 
Aer cret ty na thaer aer vlodyat. 
Un ara ae leissyar 


Ar gatwyt adar brwydryar 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Syll o virein neus adrawd a vo mwy 
O damweinnyeit llwy 

Od amluch lliuanat. 

Neus adrawd auo mwy 

En awr blygeint 

Na bei kynhawal kynheilweing. 


JP AN voost di kynnivyn clot 

En amwyn tywyssen. gordirot 

O haedot en gelwit redyrch gwyr not. 
Oed dor diachor diachor din drei 

Oed mynut wrth olut ae kyrchei. 

Oed dinas e vedin ae cretei. 

Ny elwit gwinwit men na bei 


FA ET bei cann wr en vnty 
Atwen ovalon keny. 


Penn ; gwyr tal being a dely. 


GYT wyf vynawe blin — 
Ny dialaf vy ordin. 

Ny chwardaf y chwerthin 
A dan droet ronin. 
Ystynnawc vyg glin 

A bundat y en ty deyeryn. 
Cadwyn heyernin 

Am ben vyn deulin 

O ved o vuelin. 

O gatracth werin. 

Mi na vi aneirin. 

Ys gwyr talyessin 

Ovec kywrenhin. 

Neu cheing e ododin 
Kynn gwawr dyd dilin. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


GS OROLED gogled gwr ae goruc. 
Llary vronn haeladon ny essyllut. 

Nyt emda daear nyt emduc 

Mam ; mor eiryan gadarn haearn gaduc. 
O nerth e kledyf claer e hamuc. 

O garchar an war daear em duc. 

O gyvle angheu o anghar dut 

Keneu vab llywarch dihauarch drut, | 


JAYYT of borthi gwarth gorsed 
Senyllt, ae lestri llawn med ; 
Godolei gledyf e gared. 

Godolei lemein e ryuel. | 
Dyfforthsei lynwyssawr oe vreych, 
Rac bedin ododin a breennych. 
Gnawt ene neuad vythmeirch 
Gwyar a gwrymseirch. 

Keingyell hiryell oe law. 

Ac en elyd bryssyaw. 

Gwen ac ymhyrdwen hyrdbeit. 
Disserch a serch ar tro 

Gwyr nyt oedyn drych draet fo, 
Heilyn achubyat pob bro. | 


A&(LECH leutu tut leudvre 
Gododin ystre. 
Ystro ragno ar y anghat, 
Angat gynghor e leuuer cat. 
Cangen gaerwys 
Keui drillywys. 
Tymor dymhestyl. tymhestyl ajo 
E beri restyr. rac riallu. © 
O dindywyt yn dyvu 
Wyt yn dywovu. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Dwys ŷd wodŷn 
Llym yt wenyn. 
Llwyr genyn llu. 
Ysgwyt rugyn 
Rac tarw trin 

Y dal vriw vu. 


CH RKRYN e alon ar af 

Ery brwydrin trin tra chuar. 

Kwr e vankeirw 

Am gwr e vanncarw. 

Byssed brych briwant barr. 

Am bwyll am disteir am distar. 
Am bwyll am rodic am rychward. 
Ys bro ys brys treullyawt rys en riwdrec, 
Ny hu wy ny gaffo e neges. 
Nyt anghwy a wanwy odiwes. 


Z Y mat wanpwyt ysgwyt 
Ar gynwal carnwyt. 

Ny mat dodes y vordwyt 

Ar vreichir mein-llwyt. 

Gell e baladyr gell 

Gellach e obell. 

Y mae dy wr ene gell 

En cnoi anghell 

Bwch bud oe law idaw 

Poet ymbell. 


A) A y doeth adonwy atwen. 
Ym adawssut wenn holi bratwen. 
Gwnelut, lladut. llosgut. 

No moryen ny waeth wnelut. 

Ny delyeist nac eithaf na chynhor. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Ysgwn drem dibennor. 
, Ny weleist 6 morchwyd mawr marchogyon 
Wynedin ny rodin nawd y Saesson. 


@ODODIN gomynaf dy blegyt. 
Tynoeu dra thrumein drum essyth. 
Gwas chwant y aryant heb emwyt. 
O gussyl mab dwywei dŷ wrhyt. 
Nyt oed gynghor wann. 

Wael y rao tan veithin. 

O lychwr y lychwr luch bin. 
Lachdor y borfor beryerin. 

Llad gwaws. gwan maws mur trin 
Anysgarat vu y nat ac aneirin. 


ES YWYREIN ketwyr kywrennin 

E gatraeth gwerin fraeth fysgyolin. 
Gwerth med yg kynted a gwirawt win. 
Heyessit e lavnawr rwng dwy vedin. 
Arderchauc varchawc rac gododin 
Eithinyn voleit mur greit tarw trin. 


ES YWYREIN ketwyr kywrenhin. 
Gwlat atvel gochlywer eu dilin, 
Dygoglawd tonn bevyr beryerin. 
Men yd ynt eilyassaf elein. 

_ O brei vrych ny welych weyelin. 

Ny chemyd haed ud a gordin. . 

Ny phyrth mevyl moryal eu dilin. . 
Llavyn durawt barawt e waetlin. 
AK YWYREIN ketwyr kywrenhin. 
Gwlat atvel gochlywer eu dilin, | 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Ef lladawd a chymawn allain 
A charnedawr tra gogyhwe gwyr trin. 


ZS YWYREIN ketwyr hŷunruuant, 

Y gyt en vn vryt yt gyrchnssant. 

Byrr eu hoedyl. hir cu hoet ar eu carant. 
Seith gymeint o loegrwys a_ladassant, 

O gyvryssed gwragod gwyth a wnaethant. 
Llawer mam ae deigyr ar y hamrant. 


9) Y wnaethpwyt neuad mor dianaf 

Lew ; mor haol baran llew llwybyr vwyhaf. 
A chynon laryvronn adon deccaf. 

Dinas ŷ dias ar llot eithnf. 

Dor angor bedin bud eilyassaf. 

'Or sawl a wolcis ac awclav 

Ymyt; en emdwyn aryf gryt gwryt gwryaf. 
Ef lladei oswyd a llavyn llymaf. 

Mal brwyn yt gwydynt rac ŷ adaf. 

Mab klytno clot hir canaf 

Yty or; clot heb or heb eithaf. 


C2 WINVEITH a medweith 
Dygodolyn. gwnlleith 
Mam hwrreith 

Eidol enyal. 
Ermygei rac vre 
Rac bronn budugre 
Brecin dwyre 

Wybyr ysgynnyal. 
Kynrein en kwydaw 
Val glas hcit arnaw ; 

Heb giliaw gyhaual. 
Synnwyr yetwyr ystemel ; 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN, 81 


Y ar woillyon gwebyl 

Ac ardemyl glodyual. 
Blaen anowyn anhun 
Hediw an dihun ; 

Mam reidun rwyf trydar. 


@ WINVEITH a modweith 

Yd acthant, e gonhyn 

Llurugogyon nys gwn lleith lletkynt, 
Cyn llwyded eu lleas dydaruu. 

Rao catracth ood fraeth ou llu, 

O osgord vynydawo wawr dru, 

O drychant namon vn gwr ny dyuu, 


C2) WINVEITH a modveith ŷt gryssyaseant. d 
Gwyr on roit molcit oncit dichwant, 7 
Gloew dull y am drull yt gytvacthant, 

Gwin a mod amall a amucsant, 

O osgord vynydawe am dwyf atveillŷawo ; 

A rwyf a gollois om gwir garant. 


_ O drychan riallu yt gryssyassant 


Gatraeth ; tru namen vn gwr nyt atoorsant. 


EV bydol yg kywyrein pressent mal pel 
Ar ŷ o hu bydei, eno uei atre, 

Hut amuc ododin 

O win a med on dioding 

Yng ystryng ystre. 

Ac adan gatvannan cochre 

Veirch marchawc godrud emore, 


SANGOR dewr daen 
Sarph seri raen 
* Sengi wrymgaen 


UU 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Emlaen bedin. 
Arth arwynawl drussyat dreissyawr 
Sengi waewawr 
En dyd cadyawr. 

Yg clawd gwernin. 
Eil nedic nar; 
Neus duc drwy var. 
Gwled y adar 

O drydar drin. 
Kywir yth elwir oth enwir weithret ; 
Ractaf rwyuyadur mur catuilet 
Merin a madyein mat yth anet. 


SARDYLEDAWC canu kyman caffat. 
 Ketwyr am gatraeth a wnaeth brithret. 
Brithwy a wyar sathar sanget. 

. Sengi wit gwnod bual am dal med. 

A chalaned kyuirynged. 

Nyt adrawd kibno wede kyffro cat ; 

Ket bei kymun keui dayret. 


FFA RDYLEDAWC canu kyman ovri. 
Twryf tan atharan aryuerthi. 

Gwrhyt arderchawc varchawc mysgi. 
Ruduedel ryuel a eiduni. | 

Gwr gwned divudyawc dimyngyei 

Y gat. or meint gwlat yd y klywi. 

Ae ysgwyt ysgwyt ar y ysgwyd. hut arolli 
Wayw mal gwin gloew o wydyr lestri. 
Aryant am yued eur dylyi. 

Gwinvaeth oed waetnerth vab llywri. 


SARDYLEDAWC canu claer orchyrdon. 
A gwedy dyrreith dylleinw aeron. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Dimcones lovlen benn eryron. 

Liwyt ; ef gorevewyt y jsgylvjon. 
Or a aeth gatraeth o eur dorchogyon. 
Ar neges mynydawc mynawc maon. 
Ny doeth en diwarth o barth vrython. 
Ododin wr bell well no chynon. 


.FFARDYLEDAWC canu keman kywreint. . 
Llawen llogell byt bu didichwant. 

Hu mynnei eng kylch byt; eidol anant. 

Yr eur a meirch mawr ; a med medweint. 
Namen ene delei o vyt hoffeint. 

Kyndilic aeron wyr enouant. 


FFLRDYLEDAWC canu claer orchyrdon. 
Ar neges mynydawc mynawc maon, 

A merch eudaf hir dreis gwananhon. 

Oed porfor gwisgyadur dir amdrychyon. 


AX YFFORTHES meiwyr molut nyuet. 
Baran tan teryd ban gynneuet. 

Duw mawrth gwisgyassant eu gwrym. dudet. 
Diw merchyr perideint eu calch doet. 
Divyeu bu diheu eu diuoet. 

Diw gwener. calaned amdyget. 

Diw sadwrn bu divwrn eu kyt weithret. 
Diw sul eu llavneu rud amdyget. 

Diw llun hŷt benn clun gwaetlun gwelet, 
Neus adrawd gododin gwedy lludet. 

Rac pebyll madawc pan atcoryet 

Namen vn gwr o gant ene delhet,. 


GW)?OCH dwyreawc y more. 
Kynnif aber. rac ystre. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Bu bwlch bu twlch tande. 
Mal twrch y tywysseist vre. 
Bu golut mynut bu lle. 

Bu gwyar gweilch gwrymde. 


GRocH dwyreawc y meitin. 

O gynnu aber rac fin. 

O dywys ŷn tywys ŷn dŷlin. 

Rac cant ef gwant gesseuin. 

Oed garw y gwnaewch chwi waetlin. 
Mal yuet med drwy chwerthin. 

Oed llew y lladewch chwi dynin. 
Cledyual dywal fysgyolin. 

Oed mor diachor yt ladei 

Esgar ; gwr haual en y bei. 


ADISGYNNWYS en affwys dra phenn. 
Ny deliit kywyt kywrennin benn. 
Disgiawr breint vu e lad ar gangen. 
Kynnedyf y ewein esgynnv ar ystre 
Ystwng kyn gorot goreu gangen. 
Dilud dyleyn cathleu dilen. 

Llywy llyvroded rwych ac asgen. 
Anglas asswydeu lovlen. 

Dyfforthes ae law luric wehyn. 
Dymgwallaw gwledic dal ; 

Oe brid brennyal. 

Eidol adoer crei grannawr gwynn 
Dysgiawr pan vei ; bun barn benn. 
Perchen meirch 

A gwrymseirch 

Ac ysgwydawr yaen.' 

Gyuoet a gyuergyr esgyn disgyn. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


AER dywys ry dywys ryvel. . 
Gwlat gord garei gwrd uedel. 
Gwrdweryt gwaet am irved ; 
Seirchyawr am y rud yt ued. 
Seingyat am seirch seirch seingyat. 
Ardelw lleith dygiawr lludet. 
Peleidyr en eis en dechreu cat. 
Hynt am oleu bu godeu beleidryal. 


ES EINT amnat amdina dŷ gell 
Ac ystauell ytuydei. dyrllŷdei 
Med melys ; maglawr 

Gwrys. aergynlys gan wawr. 

Ket lwys lloegrwys lliwedawr. 
Ry benyt ar hyt yd attawr. 

Eillt wyned klywer e arderched. 
Gwananhon byt ved. 

Savwy cadavwy gwyned. 

Tarw bedin treis trin ; teyrned. 
Kyn kywesc daear kyn gorwed ; 
But orfun gododin bed. 


E9EDIN ordyvnat en agerw. 

Mynawo lluydawc llaw chwerw. 

Bu doeth a choeth a syberw, 

Nyt oed ef wrth gyued gochwerw, 
Mudyn geinnyon ar y helw. 

Nyt oed ar lles bro pob delw, 

An gelwir mor a chynnwr. ymplymnwyt 
Yn tryvrwyt peleidyr. peleidyr gogymwyt 
Goglyssur heyrn lliveit llawr en assed. 
Sychyn yg gorun en trydar ; 

Gwr frwythlawn flamdur rac esgar. 


THE BOOK OF ANEUBIN. 


KE YFFORTHES cat veirch a chat seirch. 
Greulet ar gatraeth cochre 

Mac blaenwyd bedin dinus 

Aergi gwyth gwarth vre. 

An gelwir ny faw glaer fwyre. 

Echadaf heidyn haearnde. 


CWYN AWC gododin traeth c annor. 
Mynawc am rann kwynhyator. 

Rac eidyn aryal flam nyt atcor. 

Ef dodes e dilis yg kynhor. 

Ef dodes rac trin tewdor. 

En aryal ar dywal disgynnwys. 

Can llewes porthes mawrbwys. 

O osgord vynydawc ny diangwys 
Namen vn aryf amdiffryf amdiffwys. 


@) GOLLET moryet ny bu aessawr 
Dyfforthyn traeth y ennyn llawr. 

Ry duc oe lovien glas lavnawr. 
Peleidyr pwys preiglyn benn periglawr. 
Y ar orwyd erchlas penn wedawr 
Trindygwyd trwch trach y lavnawr. 
Pan orvyd oe gat ny bu foawr. 

An dyrllys molet med melys maglawr. 


CO WELEIS y dull o benn tir adoyn. 
Aberth am goelkerth a disgynnyn. 

Gweleis oed kenevin ar dref redegein. 

A gwŷr nwythyon rj gollessŷn, 

Gweleis gwyr dullyawr gan awr adevyn 

A phenn dyvynwal a breych brein ae cnoyn. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


GW) AT vudic ysgavynwyn asgwrn aduaon. 
Ae lassawc tebedawc tra mordwy alon. 
Gwrawl amdyvrwys goruawr y lu, 

Gwryt vronn gwrvan gwanan arnaw. 

Y gynnedyf disgynnu rac naw riallu. 
Yg.gwyd gwaed a gwlat. a gordiynaw ; 
Caraf vy vudio lleithio a vu anaw. 

Kyndilic aeron kenhan lew. 


GZ( ARASSWN disgynnu yg catraeth gessevin. . 
Gwert med yg kynted a gwirawt win. 
Carasswn neu chablwys ar llain, 

Kyn bu e leas oe las uffin. 

Carasswn eil clot dyfforthes gwaetlin. 
Ef dodes e gledyf yg goethin. 

Neus adrawd gwrhyt rac gododyn 

Na bei mab keidyaw clot vn gwr trin. 


FIARUAN yw gennyf gwedy lludet. 
Godef gloes angheu trwy angkyffret. 
Ao eil trwm truan gennyf vy gwelet. 
Dygwydaw an gwyr ny penn o draet. 
Ac ucheneit hir ac eilywet ; 

En ol gwyr pebyr temyr tudwet. 
Ruvawn a gwgawn gwiawn a gwlyget. 
Gwyr gorsaf gwryaf gwrd yg calet. 

Ys deupo eu heneit wy wedy trinet. 
Kynnwys yg wlat nef adef avneuet, 


GXF gwrthodes tres tra gwyar lynn. 
Ef lladei val dewrdull nyt echyn. | 
Tavloyw ac ysgeth tavlet wydrin. 

A med rac teyrned tavlei vedin. 
Menit y gynghormen na lleveri — 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Lliaws ac vei anwaws nyt odowyt. 
Rac ruthyr bwyllyadeu a chledyvawr 
Lliveit handit gwolir llavar llew, 


J ORTHLOED vedin 
Porthlood lain. 

A llu racwed 

En ragyrwed 

En dyd gwned 

Yg kyvryssod. 

Buant gwychawc 

Gwede moddawt 

A mod yuct 
Ny bu warct 

An gorwylam : 

Enyd frwythlam. 

Pan adroder torrot ergyr 
O veirch a gwŷr tyngir tynget. 


“ED AN ŷm dŷvŷd lliaws prŷder 
Pryderaf fun. 
Fun cn ardec 
Aryal redec. 
Ar hynt wylaw. 
Ku kystudywn. 
Ku carasswn 
Kelleic fuw. 
Ac argocdwys 
Guae gordyvnwys 
Y emdullyaw, 
Ef dadodes ar lluyd pwys ar lles ricu. 
Ar dilyvyn goet 
Ar diliw hoet 


Yr kyvedeu. 


— — "Se 


re 


în SEDD vw er 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Kyvedwogant of an dyduc ar dan adloyw 
Ac ar groon gwŷnn. gosgroŷw 
Gorcint rao deheu gawr a dodet. 
Lluch gwynn gwynndwll ar ysgwyt 
Y or yspar llary yor. 
Molut mynut mor. 
Gogwnoif heissyllut 
Gwgynci gereint 
IIaol mynawc oedut. 


AG)IANNOT o glot e glutvan. 

Diachor angor yg kyman. 

Divchyr eryr gwyr govaran. 

Trinodof cidef oed eiryan. 

ltagorci veirch raovuan, 

Eu trin llotvegin gwin o baun. 

Kyn glasved a glassu eu rann, 

Bu gwr gwled od uch med mygŷr o bann, 


AX )TENHYT y bob llawr llanwet 
E hual amhaual afneuet. 

Twll tall o rodawr 

Cas ohir gwythawc 

Rywonyawe diffreidyeit, 

Kil gweith golwidcint amalet. ° 

Yg cat veirch a seirch greulot, 


Bodin agkysgogot yt vyd cat voryon ; 


Cochro llan ban ry godhot, 
Trwm en trin a llavyn yt lladei 
Garw ; rybud o gat dydygei. 
Cann calan a darmerthei 

Ef gwonit a dan vab ervei. 

Ef gwenit adan dwrch trahauc. 


Un riein a morwyn a mynawe, | 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


A phan oed mab toyrn teithiawc 

Yng gwyndyt gwaed glyt gwaredawe. 
Kyn golo gweryt ar rud 

Llary ; hael etvynt digythrud. 

O glot a chet echiawc ; | 
Neut bed garthwys hir o dir rywonyawe. 


ED EIS dinogat e vreith vreith. 

O grwyn balaot ban wreith. 

Chwit chwit chwidogeith. 

Gochanwn gochenyn wythgeith. 

Pan elei dy dat ty e helya ; 

Llath ar y ysgwyd llory eny llaw, 

Ef gelwi gwn gogyhwc. 

Giff gaff. dhaly dhaly dhwc dhwc. 

Eff lledi bysc yng corwc. 

Mal ban llad. llew llywywe. 

Pan elei dy dat ty e vynyd. 

Dydygei ef penn ywrch pen gwythwch penn hyd. 
Penn grugyar vreith o venyd. 

Penn pysc o rayadyr derwennyd, 

Or sawl yt gyrhaedei dy dat ty ae gicwein 
O wythwch a llewyn a llwyuein. 

Nyt anghei oll ny uei oradein. 


EO'EUM dodyw angkyvwng o angkyuarch 
Nym daw nym dyvyd a uo trymach. 

Ny magwyt yn neuad â vei lewach 

Noc ef; nac yng cat a vei wastadach. 

Ac ar ryt benclwyt pennawt oed e veirch ; 
Pellynic e glot pellws e galch. 

A chyn golo gweir hir a dan dywarch ; 
Dyrllydei vedgyrn vn mab feruarch. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


* UUELEYS y dull o bentir a doyn 
Aberthach coelkerth a emdygyn. 
Gueleys y deu oc eu tre re ry gwydyn. 
O eir nwython ry godessyn. 
Gueleys y wyr tylluawr gan waur a doyn 
A phonn dyuynwal vrych brein ae knoyn. 


GODODIN gomynnaf oth blegyt. 

Yg gwyd cant en aryal en emwyt. 

A guarchan mab dwywei da wrhyt 
. Poet gno en vn tyno treissyt. 

Er pan want maws mvr trin. 

Er pan aeth daear ar aneirin. 

Mi neut ysgaras nat a gododin. 


LLECH llefdir aryf gardith tith ragon 

Tec ware rac gododin ystre anhon. © 

Ry duc diwyll o win bebyll ar lles tymyr 
Tymor tymestyl. tra merin llestyr, | 
Tra merin llu. llu meithlyon. 

Kein gadrawt rwyd rac riallu 

O dindywyt en dyuuwyt yn dyyuu. 
Ysgwyt rugŷn rac doleu trin tal vriw vu. 


DIHENYD y bop llaur llanwet 
Y haual amhal afneuet 

Twll tal y rodauc 

Cas ohir gwychauc 

Rywynyauc diffret. | 

Eil with gwelydeint amalet 

Y gat veirch ae seirch greulet 
Bit en anysgoget bit get 


© What follows is written in a different hand, and the capital 
letters are no longer illuminated. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Uoron gwychyrolyon pan ry godet. 
Trwm en trin allain yt ladei 

Gwaro rybud o gat dydygei 

Gant, can yg calan darmerthei. 

Ef gwenit a dan vab uruei. 

Ef gwenit a dan dwrch trahauc. 

Un riein a morwyn a menauc 

A chan oed mab brenhin teithiauc. 
Ud gwyndyt gwaet kilyd gwaredawe. 
Kyn golo gweryt ar grud hael etvynt 
Doeth dygyrchet y get ac glot ae echiauc - 
Uot bed gorthyn hir o orthir rywynauc. 


AM drynni drylav drylen 

Am lwys am diffwys dywarchen 
Trihue baruaut dreis dili plec hen 
Atguuc emorem ae guiau hem 
Hancai ureuer urag denn 

At gwyr a gwydyl a phrydein 

At gu kelein rein rud guen 
Deheuec gwenauwy mab gwen. 


AM ginyav drylav drylen 

Trym dwys tra diffwys dywarchen 
Kemp e lumen. arwr baruaut asgell 
Vreith edrych eidyn a breithell 
Goruchyd y lav loflen 

Ar gynt a gwydyl a phryden. 

A chynyho mwng bleid heb prenn 
Eny law gnavt gwychlaut ene lenn. 


Prytwyf ny bei marw morem 
Deheuec gwenabwy. mab gwenn. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 93 


EMAN EDECHREU GORCHAN TUTWULCH. 


_ * PARYF angkynnull angkyman dull ; twryf en agwed. 
Erac menwed. erac mawrwed. erac matyed. 
Pan ystyernn gwern e am gam gyrn. e am gamgled. 
E uoli ri. alluawr, peithliw racwed. 
Yd i gwoles; ar hual tres tardei galled. 
Dygochwiawr a chloi a phor; a pherth a pher ; 
A rud uorua ao y morua. ac ewyonydd 
A gwynheidyd kein edryssed. 
Trybedawt rawt rac y devawt ; eil dal rosaed. 
Taryaneu bann am dal hen banu bŷ edryssed. 
Bleid e vywyt oed bleidyat ryt eny dewred. 
Pubell peleidyr pevyr pryt neidyr. o lwch nadred. 
Welyd yd wyt gwelydon rwyt riein gared. 
Carut vreidvyw carwn dy vyw; vut heywred. 
Camhwrawc darw kwynaf dŷ varw. carut dyhed. 
Baran mor ygkynhoryf gwyr. y am gatpwll. 
Ymwan bran yg kynwyt. 
Tardei donn gyvryngon gowydawc byt. 
Ef gwrthodes ar llwyth peues ; ar lles pedyt 
Petwar lliwet. petwar milet miledawr byt. 
Aessawr yn nellt allavyn eg wallt, un o bedror 
Gwr gwyllyas. o gyrn glas med meitin 
Gwr teithiawr o blith porfor porthloed bedin. 
Breeyth tutvwlch baranret dost. benongwaed gwin. 
Yr med a fawryf yd aethant aeryf dros eu hawfin. 
Gwyalvan weith er cadw kyvreith bu kyvyewin. 
Kynan kenon teithvyw o von. ar vreint gorllin. 
Tutvwlch kyvwlch a oreu vwlch ar vann caereu. 


* What follows is in the same handwriting with the first part of 
the Gododin. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Gan vynydawc bu atveillyawe eu gwirodeu. 
Blwydyn hiraeth er gwyr gatraeth am maeth ys meu. 
Ea llavneu dur eu med en bur eu haualeu. 


Aryf angkynnvll angkyman dull twryf neus kigleu. 


AC E VELLY E TERVYNA. WEITHYON 
EDECHREU GWAKCHAN ADEBON.. 


TC Y phell gwyd aval o avall. 
Ny chynnyd dyual o dyvall. 
Ny byd ehovyn noeth en ysgall ; 
Pawb pan ry dyngir yt ball, 
Agarwn y ef carei anreithgar. 
Ny byd marw dwyweith ; 
Nyt amsud y vud eareith. 
Ny cheri gyfofni gyvyeith. 
Emis emwythwas amwyn. 
Am swrn am gorn kuhelyn. 

' En adef tangdef collit. 
Adef led buost lew en dyd mit. 
Kudvyt keissyessyt keissyadon ; 
Mein uchel medel e alon. 
Dy ven ar warchan Adebon 


E VELLY E TERVYNA GARCHAN ADEBON. 
EMA WEITHYON ER DECHREU GORCHAN 
KYNVELYN. 


‘PEI mi brytwn 

Pei mi ganwn ; 

Tardei warchan gorchegin. 
Gweilging torch trychdrwyt 
Trychethin trychinfwrth. 
Kyrchessit en avon 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Kynn noe geinnyon. 
Tyllei garn gaffon ; 

Rac carneu riwrhon. 
Ryveluodogyon. 

Esgyrn vyrr vyrrvach varchogyon. 
Tyllei ylvach 

Gwryt govurthyach. 
Ryt gwynn rae eingyl 
Yawn llad. yawn vriwyn vriwyal. 
Rac canhwynawl cann. 
Lluc yr duc dyvel 
Disgynnyal alel, 

Y bob dewr dy sel. 
Trwy hoel trwy hemin ; 
Trwy gibellawr a gemin. ° 
Ac eur ar dhrein © 

A galar dwvyn dyvyd ; 
Y wynnassed velyn. 

E greu oe gylchyn ; 
Keledic ewyn. 

Med mygyr melyn. 

Eil creu oe gylchyn ; 
Rac cadeu kynvelyn. 
Kynvelyn gasnar 
Ysgwn bryffwn bar. 
Goborthyat adar 

Ar denin dwyar. 
Dyrreith grad voryon ; 
Adan vordwyt haelon. 
Kyvret kerd wyllyon ; 
Ar welling diryon: 

' Teyrn tut anaw 

Ysmen e gwynaw ; 
Eny vwyf y dyd taw. 


THK BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


' Gomynyat gelyn ; 

Ehangactt vrvyn, 

Gochawn kyrd keinmyn ; 

Yw gwarchan kynvelyn. 

Gorchan kynvelyn kylchwy wylat ;. 
Etvyn gwr gwned gwyned o wlat, 
Dychiannawr dewr dychianat. 

Eidyn gaer gleissyon glaor 

_ Kyverthrynneit. 

Kein dy on rud cnys gworth 
Ruduolawt vod meirch 

Eithinyn neut ynt blennyd. 
Gwarchan kynvelyn ar ododin 

Neus goruc o dŷn dogyn gymhwylleit, 
E wayw drwn orcurcit am rodes 

Poet yr lles yw encit. 

Etmygir e vab tecvann ; 

Wrth rif ac wrth rann wyr catvan 
Colovyn greit. 

Pan vyrywyt arveu 

Tros benn cat vleidyeu 

Buan deu en dyd reit. 

Try wŷr a thrivgeint a thrychant 

I vreithyell gatraeth yd aethant. 

Or sawl yt gryssyassant 

Uch med menestri ; namyn tri nyt atcorsant. 
Kynon a chadreith. a chatlew o gatnant. 
A minheu oni creu dychiorant. 

Mab coel kerth vygwerth y a wnaethant ; 
O eur pur a dur ac aryant. 

Evnyvet nyt nodet e cawasant ; 
Gwarchan kyrd kynvelyn kyvnovant. 


EMAN E TERVYNA GWARCHAN KYNVELYN. 


TUR BOOK OF ANRURIN. 07 


*CANU VN CANIAWO A DAL POW AWDYL OR GODODIN HERWYD 
DREINT YNG KERD AMRYSSON. TRI CHANU A THRIUGEINT 
A THRYCHANT ADAL POD VN OR GWAROHANEU. SEF A 
CHAWS YN AM GOFFAN ENE GORCHANEU RIURDI E GWYR 
A AETHANT E GATRARTIL. Noo A DELE GWR MYNET Y 
EMNID HED ARVEU, NY DELR BARD MYNET E AMRYSSON 
MED E GERD VONN. EMAN WRITHYON EDROHREU GWAR- 
OHAN MARLDERW. TALYESSIN AE OANT AO AWDEL ~ 
BREINT IDAW. KREIMENT AO FODLEU E GODODIN OLL EI 
DRI GWAROHAN YNG KERD AMRYSSON. 


DOLEU dou obyr am gaer, 
Ymduhun am galch am glaer, © 
Gwibdo a door adwynor, 
Clodryd keissidyd kysgut. 
Brithwe arwe arwrut., 

Ruthyr anorthwe a ucbir. 
Adwy adodet ny debit. 

Odef ynyas dof y wryt. 
Dygwgei en aryf en esgut. 

Hu tei en wlyd elwit. 

Gwr a ret pan dychelwit. 
Kywely krymdy krymdwyn. 
Kyueiliw nac eiliw etvrwyn 
Nac emniel dy dywal a therwyn. 
Tervyn torret tec teithyawl 
Nyt aruedauc e uolawt. 
Diffryderas y vrascawt. 

Molawt rin rymidhin rymenon. 


—— — — —— —— — 


* This rubric, with the Gwarchan Maelderw which follows, is the 
same handwriting with the last part of the Gododin. Both seem to . 
be additions made by s different hand to the original MB. 


o 1 
jw - ge ——— ⏑— —— ——— ————  S — 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Dyssyllei trech tra manon. 
Disgleiryawr ac archawr tal achon 
Ar rud dhreic fud pharaon. 
Kyueillyawr en awel adawaon. 
Trengsyd a gwydei neb ae eneu 
Y ar orthur teith teth a thedyt. 
Menit a osgord mavr mur onwyd. 
Ar vor ni dheli. 

Na chyngwyd gil na chyngor 
Gordibleu eneit talachor 

Nyt mwy ry uudyt y esgor. 
Esgor eidin rac dor. 

Kenan kein mur e ragor. 
Gossodes ef gledyf ar glawd meiwyr. 
Budic e ren eny 

Annavd wledic. 

Y gynnwithic 

Kynlas kynweis 

Dwnyn dyvynveis. 

Kychuech ny chwyd kychwerw 
Kychvenyches 

Kychwenychwy enlli weles, 

A lenwis miran mir edles. 

Ar ystre gan vore godemles. 

Hu tei idware yngorvynt 

Gwyr goruynnaf ry annet. 

En llwrw rwydheu ry gollet. 
Collwyd. medwyd menwyt. 
Gogled run ren ry dynnit. 
Gorthew am dychuel dychuelit. 
Gorwyd mwy galwant no melwit. 
Am rwyd am ry ystoflit. 

Ystofflit llib llain. 

Blin blaen blen blenwyd. 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Trybedavt y wledio e rwng drem dremrud 
Dremryt ny welet y odeu dhogyn ryd. 
Ny welet y odeu dhogyn fyd 
Mor eredic dar digeryd. 
Kentaf digonir canwelw 
Kynnwythic leithic llwyrdelw 

_ Kyn y olo gouudelw 
Taf gwr mavr y wael maelderw. 
Delwat dieirydaf y erry par ar delw 
Rwysc rwyf bre | 
Ysgavl dhisgynnyawd wlawd gynire 
Nac ysgawt y redeo ry gre. 
Godiweud godiwes gwlat vre. 
Ny odiweud o vevyl veint gwre. 


Da dyvot adonwy adonwy am adaussut. 

A wnelei vratwen gwnelut lladut Ìlosgut 

Ny chetweist nac erthaf na chynnor 

Ysgwn tref dy beuwel. ny weleis or mor 

Bwyr mor marchauc avei waeth no odgur. 
Trycan eurdorch a gryssyassant 

En amwyn breithell bu edrywant 

Ket rylade hwy wy ladassant 

Ahyt orfen byt etmyo vydant. 

Ac or sawl a aytham o gyt garant. 

Tru namyn un gur nyt englyssant. 
Trycant eurdorchauc 

Gwned gar guaenauc 

Trychan trahaave 

Kyuun kyuarvavo 

Trychan meirch godrud 

A gryssyws ganthud 

Trychwn a thrychant 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Tru nyt atcorsant. 
Dywal yg cat kyniwng ygkeni. 
Yg kyvrang nyt oed dang as gwnehei 
Yn dyd gwyth nyt of wcith gocheli. 
Baran baed ocd bloidio mab eli, 
Ervessit gwin gwydyr lestri llawn ; 
Ao en dyd camavn camp a wneei 
Y ar aruul cann kynn oe dreghi. 
Calancd cochwed ae deui. 
Pwys blaen rydre ferei y gaden 
Dryll kedyr cat 
Kein crysgwydyat. 
Bryt am gorlew 
Diechwith lam 
Y orwylam 
Nat ry gigleu 
Ef gwneei gwyr llydw i 
A gwraged gwydw 
Kynn oe agheu. 
Breint mab bleidgi 
Rac ysberi 
Y beri greu. yn 
Kein guodeo e celyo ery vyhyr 
O hanav ar a fysgut 
Af eiryangut. 
Pan esgynnei baub ti disgynnvt. 
Cenei gwin gwaet meirw meint a wanut. 
Teir blyned a phedeir 
Tutet en vavr ytuaer 
Asgymmyrr hut 
Ath uodi gwas nym gwerth na thechut 
Prêssent kyuadraud oed breichyaul glut. 
Pan gyrchei yg kywlat e glot oed anvonave 
Ef dilydei win gwr eurdorchauo 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 101 


Ef rodei gloywdull glan y y. dum. 
Ardwyei cann wr arwr myn ^c 
Anvonavo cissyllut alltut may: . 7 
Un maban o gianodrabarw. 7 
Ny sathravt gododin ar glav* wet ,. 
Pan vei no llif llymach nebaut 

Angor door dain sarff sarífwy graen 
Anysgoget vaen. blaen bedin arall 
Arlwy treis tra chynnivyn. 
Rwy gobwry gordwylain. 
Enwir yt elwir oth gywir werthret. 
Restor rwyfyadur, mvr pob kynyeith. 

. _ Tutvwlch treissio aer caer o dileith, 

Angor door dain sarph saffwy grain. blaen bedin 

Enwir yt elwir oth gywir gverit. 
Kewir. yth elwir oth kywir werthret. 
Rector rwyvyadur mur pob kiwet. 
Meryn mab madyeith mat yth anet, 

Aches guolouy glasvleid duuyr dias dull, 
Angor deor dain anysgoo vaen ein blaen bedin 
Let rud leuir a meirch a gwyr rac gododin 
Re cw gyuarch kywuyrein 
Bard kemre tot tarth rac garth merin. ; 

Scwyt dan wodef. nŷ ystyngei g 
Rac neb wyneb cared erythuaccei ° 
Diryeit o eirch meirch yg kyndor 
Aur gwryavr hein gwaewawr kelin creudei.. 
Pan wanet ŷg kyueillt ef gwanei 
Ereill nyt oed amevyl yt a dyccei. 
Dyvit en cadwryt kein asmyccei 
Pan dydut kyhuran clotuan mordei. 

Geu ath diwedus tutleo 
Na deliis meirch neb marchlew 
Keny vaccet am byrth amporth 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Oed cadarn e gledyual ynyorth 

Ur rwy ysgeinnyei y onn o bedryholl 

Llav y ar vein erch mygedorth. 
 Ardwynef adef eidun gwalat, 

Gwae ni rac galar ac avar gwastat. 

Pan doethan deon o dineidin 

Parth deetholwyl pob doeth wlat. 

Yg kywryssed a lloegyr lluyd amhat. 

Nav ugeint am bob vn am beithynat, 

Ardemyl meirch a seirch a seric dillat 

Ardwyei waetnerth e gerth or gat. 
O osgord mynydauc pan gryssyassant, 

Gloew dull e am drull yt gynuaethant. 

O ancwyn mynydauc handit tristlavn vy mryt. 

Rwg e rygolleis y om gwir garant 

O drychan curdorchauc a gryssyws gatraeth 

Tru namen vn gwr nyt anghassant. 
Gosgord gododin e ar ravn rin. 

Meirch eiliv eleirch a seirch gwehin. 

Ac yg kynnor llu lliwet disgin 

En amwyn called a med eidin. 

O gussyl mynydawc 

Trossassei ysgwydawr. 

Kwydassei lafnavr 

Ar grannaur gwin. 

Wy ceri gon gwylaes disgin. 

Ny phorthassan warth wyr ny thechyn. 
Neut eryueis y ued ar yg kerdet 

Gwinuaeth rac catraeth yn un gwaret 

Pan ladhei ac lavnawr ynysgoget 

Yn dayr nyt oed wael men yt welet 

Nyt oed hyll ydellyll en emwaret. . 

Atwythic scyndauo madauc eluet. - 
Pan dec y cyuarchant nyt oed hoedyl dianc 





THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 103 


Dialgur aruon cyrchei eur ceinyo arurchyat 
Urython browys meirch cynon. | 
Leech leud ud tut leu ure 
Gododin stre stre 
Ancat ancat cyngor cyngor 
Temestyl trameryn lestyr trameryn lu 
Heidilyaun lu meidlyaun let lin lu 
O dindywyt en dyowu 
Saiyt grugyn irac taryf trun tal briv bu. 
Eur ar mur caer crisguitat 
Dair caret na hair air mlodyat 
Un 8 saxa secisiar argounduit 
Adar bro unal pelloid mirein 
Nys adraud auo byv o dam gueinieit 
Liu o dam lun luch liuanat 
Nys adraud a uo bin in dit pleinueit 
Na bei cinaual cinelueit. 
Dim guoru ediu o adam neimin 
Un huo an guoloet guoreu edlinet 
Em ladaut lu maur i guert i adraut. 
Ladaut map niuthon o eurdorchogyon 
Cant o deyrnet hit pan grimbuiller bu 
Guell prit pan aeth canwyr y gatraeth 
Ord eilth gur guinuaeth callon ehelaeth 
Oed gur luit einim oed luric teinim 
Ord girth oed cuall ar geuin e gauall 
Ny wisguis imil i mil luit heinim 
I guaiu ae yscuit nac gledyf nae gyllell 
No neim ab nuithon gur auei well. ' 
Tra merin iodeo trileo 
Yg caat tri guaid (frano) fraidus leo 
Bribon a guoreu bar deo 
Gnaut iar fisiolin am diffin gododin . 
Im blain trin terhid rei 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Gnaut i lluru alan buan bithei 
Gnaut rac teulu deor em discinhoei 
Gnaut mab golistan cen nei bei 
Guledic i tat indeuit a lauarci 
Ganut ar les minidauc scuitaur trei 
Guaurud rac ut eidin uruei. 
Ni forthint ueiri molut muet 
Rac trin riallu trin orthoret 
Tebihic tan teryd drui cinneuet. 
Diu maurth guisgassant eu cein duhet 
Diu merchyr bu guero eu cit unet 
Diu yeu cennadeu amodet. 
Diu guener calanet a ciuriuet 
Diu sadurn bu dedurnn eu cit gueithret 
Diu sul Jaueneu rud a at ranhet. 
Diu llun hyt benn clun guaet lunguelet 
Nys adraud Gododin guedy lludet 
Hir rac pebyll madauo pan atcorhet. 
Disgynsit in trom in alauoed dwyrem 
Cintebic e celeo erit migam 
Guannannon guirth med guryt mui hiam 
Ac guich fodiauc guichauc inham: 
Eithinin uoleit map bodu at am. 
Guir gormant aethant cennin 
Gwinweith a medweith oedyn 
O ancwyn mynydauc 
Anthuem cim inruinauc 
O goll gur gunet rin 
Mal taran nem tarhei scuytaur 
Rac rynnaud eithinin. 
Moch aruireith i meitit pan cis 
Cenerein i midin odouis 
In towys inilin 
Rac cant em guant ceseuin 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Oed mor guanauc idinin 
Mal inet med neu win 
Oed mor diachar 
Yt wanei esgar 
Uid att guanar gurthyn 
Moch aruireit 1 more 
Icinim apherym rac stre 
Bu ciuarch gueir guiat 
Igcin or or cat 
Ciueillt ar garat 
Init gene 
Buguolut minut bu lee 
Bu guanar gueilging gwrymde. 
Guelet e lauanaur en liwet 
In ciuamuin gal galet 
Rac goduryf y aessaur godeohet 
Techin rac eidin vre uruiet 
Meint a gaffeilau nyt atcoryet 
O hanau cuir oed arnav ac canet . 
Cin dinnyauc calc drei pan grinieo grinieì 
Nit atwanei ri guanei ri guanet 
Oed menych gwedy cwyn 1 escar 
Icimlian oed guennin hic caraitet 
A chin i olo atan titguet daiar 
Dirlishei etar med met. . 
Huitreuit clair cinteiluuat 
Claer cleu na clair 
Air uener sehic am sut 
Seic sic sac adleo gogyuurd gogjmrat 
Edili edili ni puillyat 
Nys adraud gododin in dit pleigbeit 
Na bei cinhaual citeluat. . 
Llafnaur let rud laim cinach.lud 
Guron guorut y maran laim gur leidyat 





THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. 


Laguen udat stadal vleidiat bleid ciman 
Luarth teulu laur in ladu 
Cinoidalu ni bu guan 
Enuir ith elwir od gwir guereit 
Rector liuidur mur pob kyvyeith 
Tutvwich treissic hair caer godileit. 
Kyuaruu ac ac erodu leidiat lu 
— ero nŷ bu ac cihoit ac i hero ni bu 
Hero ciued guec guero 
Gnissint gueuilon ar e helo 
Nit oed ar les bro bot ero 
Ni cilias taro trin let un ero 
Traus y achaus liuir delo 
Ef guant tra trigant echassaf 
Ef ladhei auet ac eithaf 
Oid guiu e mlaen llu llarahaf 
Godolei o heit meirch e gayaf 
Gochore brein du ar uur 
Caer cein bei ef arthnr 
Rug ciuin uerthi ig disur 
Ig kunnor guernor guaur 
Erdyledam canu icinon cigueren 
In guauth ac cin bu diuant dileit aeron 
Riuesit i loflen ar pen erirhon 
Luit em rannuit guoreu buit i igluion 
Ar les minidauc marchauc maon 
Em dodes itu ar guaiu galon 
Ar gatraeth oed fraith eurdorchogyon 
Wy guenuit lledint seuiogion 
Oed ech en temyr treis canaon 
Oed odit imit o barth urython 
Gododin o bell guell no chenon 
Erdiledaf canu ciman cafa 
In cetwir am gatraeth ri guanaid britret 


THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. (107 


Britgue ad guiar sathar sanget 

Segit guid gunet dial am dal med 

O galanet ciuei riget 

Nis adraud cipno gwedi kyffro cat 

Ceuei cimun idau ciui daeret. 
Llithyessit adar ada am edismicaf 

Edeuuniat eithuuat aruhicat efguisgus 

Aur ig cinnor gaur ig cin uaran odeiuiniet 

Ballauc tal gellauc cat tridid engiriaul 

Erlinaut gaur arth arwynaul ar guigiat 

Guor viodiat riallu erigliriat - 

Hir lu cein bu gipno mab guengat. 
Erdiledaf canu ciman ci guerunit 

Llawen llogell bit budit — 

Dit di.* 


* Seems unfinished. 


108 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


lV. 
THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


A MS. OF THE BEGINNING OF THE 14TH CENTURY, IN THE 
HENGWRT COLLECTION, THE PROPERTY OF W. W. R 
Wrume, Esq. OF PENIARTH, M.P. 


L 


Felil.a VGan ie6yd gan elestron. 
Ry ganhymdeith ach6ysson. 
Bl6ydyn yg kaer ofanhon. 
Gyf hen Gyf newyd. Gyf g6ion. 
Gyf ll6yr Gyf synbyr keinon. 
Dy gofi dyhen vrython. 
G6ydyl ky] diuerogyon. 
Medut med6on. | 
Gyf bard ny rifafi eillon. 
Gyf sy6 lly6 Gyf sy6 amrysson. 
Syhei arahei araheì nys medei. 
Si ffradyr yn y fradri 
Pos beirdein bronrein a dyfei. 
A deuhont uch medlestri 
A ganhont gam vardoni. 
A geissont gyfar(s nys deubi. 

* The MS. as it at present exists, is defective, a leaf being apparently 


wenting beth at the beginning and at the end. It therefore begins in the 
middle ef a poem. A complete copy of this poem will be found in the Red 


Bock ef Hergest. 


~ 


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bn 





THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 


Heb gyfreith heb reith heb rodi. 

A g6edy hynny digoni. 

Brithuyt abyt dyuyaci. 

Nac eruyn ti hed6ch nyth vi. 

Ren nef rymawyr dy wedi. 

Rac ygres rym géares dy voli. 

Ri Rex gle am gogyfarch yn golnyd. 
A weleisti diis fortis. 

Darogan d(fyn dũi 

Budyant uffern, 

Hic nemo in per pgenie. 

Ef dillyg6ys yth6ryf dîis uirtutu. 
Kaeth na6t kynnull6ys estis iste est. 
Achyn buass(n asvmsei 

Arnaf. béyf derwyn y duv diheu. 
Achyn mynh(yf derwyn creu, 
Achyn del ewynuri( ar vyggeneu. 
Achyn vyg hyfalle ar y llathen preu. 
Poet ym heneit ydagyfedeu. 

Abreid om dyweit llythyr llyfreu. 
Kystud dygyn g6edy gêcly agheu. 
Ar sa6l agigluen vymbardgyfreu. 
Ry pryn(ynt wlat nef adef goreu. 


IL. 

MARVNAT Y VIL VEIB, 
FARCHAF wedi yr trindavt. 
Ren am roth6yr dyvolavt. 
O ryret pressent porigla6t, 
An g(eith an reith g6yth gogyffra6t, 
Yd edryfynt seint sef ki(da(t, 
Rex nef b6yf ffraeth o honaét. 
Kyn yscar vy eneit am knavt, 
Rymawyr ym pa ym pecha6t, 


109 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


My cirolet rac ried. 
Byd6yf or trinda6t trugared. 
Iolaf rybechaf eluyd g6aed. 
Na rad nef nestic toruood. 
A decuet seint seic seithoed. 
G6rhydrych ryfyd ieithoed. 
Morheic mat gynnyd kyhoed. 
Nifer awyl Dub trychoed. 
Yn nef yn dayar yn diwed. 
Yn yg yn ehag yn ygwed. 
Ygcorff yn eneit yn hagwed. 
Pell p6yll rac rihyd racwed. 
Athiolaf wledio wlat hed. 
Poet ym heneit ym buched. 


Yn tragywyd ygkynted 
Yn g(6as nef nym gomed. 


« BESTYL a merthyri. 
G6erydon g6edwon gofri. 

A selyf Dug a serui. 

Glan ieith glan teith dyteithi 
Ac yn duun glas dyfyd imi. 
Hyt pan rychat(yf vynteithi. 
Nifer auuant glan l6ys 

Gradeu eur golofneu egl6ys. 

Ar meint traethadur a traeth(ys 
Sywedyd llyfreu ll6yrl(ys. 

Rac géerin digarat dis(ys. 

Boet ym heneit y amdiffynn(ys. 


A )IFER a uuant yn aghyffret 
Uffern. oer géerin g(aretret. 

Hyt pymhoes byt. 

Hyt pan dillyg6ys Crist keithiwet. 


a. a 


“GI Ab We te 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 111 


O défyn ueis affGys abret, 
Meint dyduo Dué tréy nodet. 
D6y vil veib o plant Ilia. 

A bimatu et infra. 

A ledeint yr amistra 
Deccra6n rachel g6elsit pla. 
Dybi ierosolima. 


JAY IFER seint amorica’ 
Anifer yn dull toronia. 

A thorsi trachaer roma. 
A poli ac alexandria. 

A garan(ys ac indre. 
Tres partes diuicia. 
Asicia affrica europa. 


TQYIFER seint capharna6m, marituen anaim 

A zabulon a cisuen a ninifen a neptalim. 

In dubriactus a zorim. 

Yndi y proff6yd6ys Crist vab meir verch ioachim, 
O artemhyl pen echen pan ym. 


TO OIFER seint erechalde. 
Clot pell castell marie. 
Nat attorroed syloe 

Eclie retunde 

Phalatie cesarie. 

Amanion amabute. 

A dyffrynoed bersabe. 

A chyncret géyr cartasine. 
A reithuoryon reténde, 
Ieithoed groec a efrei 
A lladin g6yr llacharte. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


JAXIFER seint enugynyeit. 
Deí(rwyr echeurin eu pleit. 

Rac rihyd réysc uoleit. 

Ketwyr neb cu kyneircheit. 

Yn yg yn ehag ym pop reit. 
Béynt dinas in corff ac yn heneit. 


AY IFER seint sicomorialis 
A deproffani ynys. 

Ar meint glan a vendig6ys 
Difyr géin g6yr al distry6ys. 
Ac eira(6l ei urda6l poys 
Dan syr seint ryseil(ys. 


O IFER seint a deily goror. 
Effectus re inferior. 

A superare superior. 

Ac armonim a thyfor. 


A dyffryn enor a segor. 
A chartago maGr a minor. 


Ac ynys g6yr terwyn mor. 


TAXIFER seint ynys prydein. 
Ac iwerdon adGyn ran. 
Toruoed géeithredoed mirein. 
A gredis a géeinis y genhyn. 


JQYIFER seint sened anchwant. 
O Duw dewin darogant. 

Ympop ieith ym prydant. 
Ygkylch eluyd y buant. 

Ar meint doethur a darogan 
Crist achyn dybei dybuant. 


~ 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


EèRIFVR seint oriente. 

A chyfundaét kiGdatt iude. 
Ieithoed groec ac efrei. 

A lladin g6yr llacharte, 


SEITH vgeint seith vgeint seith cant o seint 


A seith mil a seith dec vgeint 
Nouember nifer aduunant. 
Tréy verthyri mat doethant. 
Pymthec vgeint seint a uuant. 
A their mil morialis plant. 
Hijs decembris uch carant. 
Tra phen Jessu dichiorant. 


IDEUDEG mil yny gyman 
A gred(ys try lef ieuan. 
Golychan gobrynant van. 

Yn nefoed nys digofant. 


AQ) AG mil seint a aruolles 
Bedyd a chrefyd achyffes. 

Yr goleith poen poploed g6res. 
Vffern oer y hachles. 

Os dofyd ryndigones. 

Tréy pen pedyr perit anlles. 


Gf) UI venerunt angli 
In natale dñi 
Mediai nocte in laudem 
Cum pastoribus in bethleem. 
Niuem angli de celo 
Cum michaele archanglo 
Oui precedunt precelio 
Erga animas in mundo. 

I 


114 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Am niuem angeli. 

Precedunt confirmati. 

Vnistrati baptizati 

Usgue in diem iudicii. 

Ouando fuit Christus crucifixus ut sibi 
Ipsi placuisset. venissent ibi in aGxilium. 
Plusguam duodecim legiones angelorum 
Toto orbe terrarum. 
Jesus Christus uidentem in agonia in mundo. 
Vt sint nostri auxilium | 
Duodecim milia miliantem 
Ante tribunal stantem. 
Qui laudantie laudantium 
Tues mores rex regum. 


TO IFER auu ac auyd 
Vch nef is nef meint yssyd. 


Ar meint a gred6ys ygkywyd. 
A gredis tréy ewyllis dofyd. 
Meint ar lit tr6y yrodyd. 
Trugar du6 dygerenhyd. 

An bGyr gar anwar géledic. 
Nyth god6yf kyn b6yf diennic. 
Tost yt géyn pop colledic. 
Ffest yd hal eissywedic. 

Ny reha bryt ryodic. 

O ryret pressent pan (yf dic. 
Traethaf pan vydaf yggro 

O ossymdeith osepio 

A ryfyr o merthyr elo. 

Yn edryfynt seint segerno. 

O eir pechaŷt pan ymbo. 

Dim uch dim meint am clyho. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 118 


III. 


BUARCH BERRD. 


Fo. 2.. €XDYMPEILLI oet ymp6yllat 
Y veird brython prydest ofer. 
Ymryorsseu ymryorsed. 
Diga6n gofal y gofangord. 
Gyf eissygpren kyfyg ar gerd. 
Buarth beird ar nys g6ypo. 
Pymtheg mil drostaé 
Yny gymh6yssaé. 
Gyf kerdolyat. (yf keinyat claer. 
Gyf dur (yf dry6 
Gyf saer Gyf syd. 
Gyf sarff (yf serch yd ymgestaf 
Nyt (yf vard syn yn aryfreidaé. 
Pan gan keinyeit canu ygkof. 
Nyt ef wnafut Gy ryfed vchon. , 
Handit ami eu herbyniaé. 
Mal aruoll dillat heb lag. 
Val ymsa6d yn llyn heb naé. 
Tyrui aches ehofyn ygrad 
Uchel ygéaed mord6yt trefyd. 
Creic am wanec. (rth va(r trefnat. 
An clut yscrut escar nodyat. 
Creic pen perchen pen anygnat. 
Yn gŷna medut medda6t medyd. 
Gyf kell (yf dell Cyf datweirllet. 
(yf logell kerd Gyf lle ynnyet. 
Karef y goréyd a goreil clyt > 
A bard a bryt ny pryn yret. 
Nyt ef caraf amryssonyat. 
A geibyl keluyd ny meued med. 


116 


Pel. $. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 


Mad¢s mynet yr ymdiot 

A cheluydeit am geluydyt. 
Achamclwm kystém kywlat. 
Bugeil brooed porthoed neirthyat. 
Mal ymdeith heb troet y gat. 

Eri vynnei ymdeith heb troet. 
Eri vagei kneuha heb goet. 

Mal keissa6 bydueid yg gruc. 
Mal peireint aureith ynuut. 

Mal gosgord lluyd heb pen. 

Mal porthi anclut ar ken. 

Mal grynniaé tyndei o vro. 

Mal haedu awyr a bach. 

Mal eirach a géaet yscall. 

Mal g6neuthur goleu y dall 

Mal docni dillat ynoeth. 

Mal tannu eng6yn ar traeth. 

Mal porthi pyscaét ar lacth. 

Mal toi neuad a deil, 

Mal lladu llyry a g6ycil, 

Mal todi dyfet rac geir. 

Gyf bard neuad. (yf ky6 kadeir. 
Digonaf y veird llafar llcstcir. 
Kyn vy argy(rein ym gard gyfloc. 
Ryprynhom ni an llocyth tydi vab meir. 


IV. 
ADUVYNEU TALIESSIN. 


FFATUYN rin rypenyt i ryret. 
Arall atéyn pan vyd Dué dymg6aret. 
Atéyn kyfed néy gomed gogyfiret. 
Arall atéyn y am kyrn kyfyfet. 
Atéyn nud ud bleid naf. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Arall at6yn hael géyl golystaf. 
At6yn aeron yn amser kynhaeaf 
Arall at6yn gGenith ar galaf. 
Atéyn heul yn ehéybyr yn n6yfre. . 
Arall atéyn rythalh6yr aede. 
At6yn march mygvras mangre. 
Arall at6yn dilGyGh6e. — 
Atéyn chwant ac aryant amaeréy. 
Ar. at. dyvor6yn modr(y. | 
At(. eryr ar lan llyr pan llanh(y. 
Ar. at. géylein yn géarby. 

At6yn march ac eurgalch gylch6y. 
Ar. at. adu6yn yn ad(y. . 
At. eynaén medit y lia6s. 

Ar. at. kerda(6r hael hygnaés. 

At. mei y gogeu ac ea(s. 

Ar. at. pan vyd hinha(s. 

Até, reith a pherpheith neithia6r, 
Ar. at. kyfl6yn a garhadr. 

At. bryt (rth penyt periglaér. 

Ar. at. dydéyn y allaGr. 

At. med ygkynted y gerda6r. 

Ar. at. am terwyn toryf va6r. 

At. cleiric catholic yn cgl6ys. 

Ar, at. enefyd yn neuad(ys. 

At. pléyf kymr6yd6y atowys. 

Ar. at. yn amser parad(ys. 

At. lloer llewychaét yn eluyd. 
Ar, at. pan vyd da dymgofyd. 

At. haf ac araff hirdyd. 

Ar, at. a threidaé o goryd. 

At. blodeu ar warthaf perwyd. 
Ar. at. a chrea6dyr kerenhyd. 

At. didryf ewic ac elein. 


148 


Fel. 4. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Ar. at. ewyna(6c am harchuein. 
At. lluarth pan llŷyd y genhin. 
Ar. at. katawarth yn egin. 

At. edystystyr ygkebystyr lletrin, 
Ar. at. kyweithas a brenhin. 
At. gle6 n6y goleith gogyweo. 
Ar. at. ellein gymraec. 

At. gruc pan vyd ehoec. 

Ar. at. morua ywarthec. 

At. tymp. pan dyn lloe llaeth. 
Ar. at. ewyna(c marchogaeth. 
Ac ys imi atéyn nyt géaeth. 

A that bual (rth tal medueith. 
At. pysc yny lyn llywya6t. 
Arall at. y oreil6 gwaryha6t. 
At. geir a lefeir y trinda(6t. 

Ar. at. rypenyt y pecha(t. 
Adu6yn haf or adu6ynda(6t. 
Kerenhyd a dofyd dydbraét. 


V. 


T®DEUS du6 delwat. 
GG6ledic géaed neirthyat. 
Crist Jessu g6yliat. 
R6ysc rihyd amnat. 
Aduelach kaffat. 

Nym g6nel heb ranned. 
Moli dy trugared. 

Ny dyfu yma. 

G6ledic dy gynna. 

Ny dyfu ny dyfyd. 
Neb kystal a douyd 
Ny ganet yn dyd pl6y6. 
Neb kystal a Du. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 119 


Nac nyt adef. 

Neb kystal ac ef. 

Vch nef is nef. 

Nyt géledic namyn ef. 

Vch mor is mor. 

Ef an creéys. 

Pan dyffo des. 

Ef an gwnaho ma6r trés. 
Dyd bravt yn echwrys. 
Kennadeu o drŷs. 

G6ynt. a mor. a than. 
Lluchet a tharyan. 

Eiryf. ab g6engan. 

Ll6yth byt yg griduan. | 
Ergela(r. dygeta6r llaGhethan. 
ErgelhaGr mor a syr. | 
Pan discynho pater. 

Y dadyl ae nifer. 

A chyrn gopetror. 

Ac ennynnu mor. 

Ll6yth byt llosceta6r. 

Hyny u(ynt marwa(r. 
Llosca6t ynyal ran 

Rac y va(r varan. 

Ef tynho aches 

Rac y varanres. 

Diffurn dyd reg es. 

Géae ae harhoes. | » 
Ef tardho tala(r. 4 
Terdit nef y la6r. | ” 
Gynt rud dygetaér. 


Ech y gad6yna6r. 
Neu byt mor wastat 


Mal pan great. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Seith pedyr ae dywa(t. | 
Dayar diwarna(6t. 
Dywaét du6 sad6rn 
Dayar yn vn fitrn. 
Sad6rn vore r6yd. 

In gŷnaho ny cul6yd. 
Tir byda6t tywyd. 
G6ynt y todo gbyd. 
Ebryn pop dyhed. 
Pan losco mynyded. 
Atuyd triganed 

A chym rac rihed. 
Kyfoethaéc ae henuyn. 
Mor. a tir. a llyn. 
Atuyd cryn dygryn. 
A dayar gychwyn. 
Ac uch pop mehyn. 
A mar( mein uudyn. 
Eryf argel6ch. 

Ac enynnu ll6ch 
Ton aghyol6ch. 
Taryan ymryth(6ch. 
TeithyaGc afar. 

Ac eryf tr6y alar. 
Ac enynnu tr6y var 
Rwg nef a dayar. 
Pan dyffo trinda6t 
Ymaes maesta(t. 

Llu nef ymdanaf. 
Ll6yth llydan atta(. 
Kyrd a cherdoryon 
A chathleu egylyon. 
Drychafant o vedeu. 
Eirant o dechreu. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Eirant k6u coet. 

Ar gymeint adoet. 

' A rewiny(6ys mor. 

A wnant ma(r gar. 
Pryt pan dyffo 

Ef ao g6ahano. 

Y sa(l a uo meu. 
Ymchoelant o deheu. 

A digon6y kamwed. 
Ymchaelent y perthgled. 
Ponyt erlys dy gyfreu. - 
. A lefeir dy eneu 

Dy vynet yn du hynt yn nanheu 
Yn tywyll heb leuuereu. 
Ac ym oed y ereu. . 

Ac ym oed i ieitheu. 

Ac ym oed i ganwlat 

Ac eu cant lloneit. 
Canuet g6lat pressent. 
Ny bum heb gatwent. 
Oed mynych kyfar chweré 
Y rof eim kefynderé. 
Oed mynych kyrys céydat 
Y rof y am kywlat. 

Oed mynych kyflafan. 

Y rofi ar truan. 

Am gory6 hŷn vyth. 
Nym génaei dyn byth. 
Am gyrr(ys ygcroc 

A wyd6n yn oc. 

Am gyrr(ys ym pren. 
Dipynéys vympen. 
Tafa ti vyn deutroet. 
Mor tru eu hadoet. . 


131 


122 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Taua( dyr boenet. 
Escyrn vyn traet. 

Taua6 dy vyn d6y vreich 
Ny ny dybyd eu beich. 
Taua6 dy vyn d(y yscbyd. 
Handit mor dyuyd. 
Tauab dyr cethron 

Ymy 6n vyg callon. 
Tauaé dy gethra6t. 

Y rég vyn deu lygat. 
Taua( yr da allat 

Coron drein ym iat. 
Taua( dy oestru 

A wanp(yt vyn tu. 

Teu y6 chitheu. 

Mal yr y6ch lla deheu. 
I6ch ny byd madeu 

Vy gwan a bereu. 

A wledic ny wydyein. 
Pan oed ti a grogein. 
G6ledic nef géledic pop tut 
Ny wydein ni grist tut vyhut. 
Bei ath (ybydein. 

Crist athathechein. 

Nyt aruollir géat 

Gan l6yth eisgyfflat. 
DigonsaGchi anuat 

Yn erbyn dofydyat. 

Can mil egylyon 

Yssyd imi yn tyston. 

A doeth ym kyrcha6 
G6edy vyg crogaé. 
Ygcroc yn greulet. 
Myhun ym géaret. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 123 


Yn nefoed bu cryt. 

Pan ym crogyssit. 

Pan orelwisk eli 

Dy cul6yd vch keli. 

A chen6ch deu ieuan 
Ragof y deu gynran, 

A deu lyfyr yn ach lla6 
Yn eu darlleaf. 

Nys deubi ryrys 

Rygossby rygossys. 

Ac aéch bi wynnyeith 
G6erth ach ynuyt areith. 
Kayator y dyleith 
Arna(ch y vffern lleith 
Crist Jessu uchel ryseilas trychamil bléydyned 
Er pan yttyé ym buched. 
Ac eil mil kyn croc. 

Yt lewychi enoc, 

Neu nyt atwen drut 
Meint eu heissillut. 

G6lat pressent yth ermut. 
A chyt a6ch bei odit. 
Trychan mil bléydyned namyn vn 
Oricodit buched tragywyd. 


VI. 


ARYMES PRYDEIN VAVR. 


Fol. 6.0. JS) YGOGAN awen dygobryssyn. 
Maraned a meued ahed genhyn. . 
A phennaeth ehelaeth affraeth vnbyn. 
Ag6edy dyhed anhed ympop mehyn. 
G6yr g6ychyr yntrydar kasnar degyn. 
Escut yggofut ryhyt diffyn. 


124 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


G6aethyl g6yr hyt gaer weir g6asgara6t allmyn. 
Génahatnt goruoled g6edy g6ehyn, 

A chymot kymry ag6yr dulyn. 

G6ydyl iwerdon mon aphrydyn. 

Corny(6 achlud(6ys eu kynn6ys genhyn. 
Atporyon uyd brython pan dyorfyn. 

Pell dygoganher amser dybydyn. 

Teyrned abonhed eu gorescyn. 

G6yr gogled ygkynted yn eu kylchyn. 
Ymperued eu racwed ydiscynnyn. 


AD YSGOGAN myrdin kyferuyd hyn. 
Yn aber perydon meiryon mechteyrn. 
A chyny bei vn reith lleith a géynyn. 
O vn cwyllis bryt yd ym6rth uynnyn. 
Meiryon eu tretheu dychynnullyn. 
Igketoed kymry nat oed a tclhyn. 
Yssyd (r dylyeda(6c alefcir hyn. 

Ny dyffei atalei ygkeithiwet. 

Mab meir ma6r a eir pryt na thardet, 
Rac pennaeth saesson ac eu hoffed. 
Pell b6ynt kychmyn y (rtheyrn g6yned. 
Ef gyrha6t allmyn y alltuded. 

Nys arhaod6y neb nys dioes dayar. 
Ny wydynt py treiglynt ympop aber. 
Pan prynassant danct tr6y Met called. 
Gan hors ahegys oed yng cu ryssed. 
Eu kynnyd bu y(rthym yn an uonhed. 
G6ody rin dilein keith ym ynuer. 
Dechymyd modda6 mar wiro(t o ved. 
Dechymyd aghen aghcu llawcr. 
Decymyd anaeleu dagreu g6raged. 


Dychyfroy etgyllaeth pennaeth lletfor, 
Dechymyd tristid byt aryher. 





THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Pan uyd kechmyn danct an teyrned. 
G6rthottit trinda6t dyrna6t a b(yller. 

Y dilein g6lat vrython a saesson yn anhed. 
Poet kynt eu reges yn alltuded. 

No mynet kymry yn diffroed 


GYW) AB meir ma6r a eir pryt nas terdyn. 
Kymry rac goeir breyr ac vnbyn, 
Kyneirchcit kyneilweit vnreith c&ynnyn. 
Vn gor vn gyghor vn eissor ynt. 

Nyt oed yr maGred nas lleferynt. 

Namyn yr hepcor goeir nas kymodynt, 
Yd du( adewi ydymorchymynynt. 

Talet gérthodet flet y allmyn. 

G6naent (y ancirou eisseu trofdyn. 
Kymry a sacsson kyferuydyn 

Y amlan ymtreulaé ac ym(rthry ir. 

O dima(r vydinaér pan ymprofyn. 

Ac am allt lafna6r a ga6r a gryn. 

Ac am gly geir kyfyrgeir y am peurllyn. 
Alluman ada agar6 discyn. 

A mal balaon saesson syrthyn. 

Kymry kynyrcheit kyfun dullyn. 

Blaon 6rth von granwynyon kyfyng oedyn. 
Mciryon ygwerth cu gan yn ou creinhyn. 
Eu bydin yg6aetlin yn ou kylchyn, 
Ereill ar ou tract tr6y goet kilhyn. 

Tréy uérch y dinas fforas ffohyn. 

Ryfol heb dychwel y tir prydyn. 

Attor tréy la6 gyghor mal morllithryn. 
Mciryon kaer gori difri oGynant. 

Rei y dyfiryn abryn nys dirwadant. 

Y aber peryddon ny mat doethant. 
Anacleu tretheu dychynullant. 


135 


126 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Na6 vgein canh6r y discynnant. 

Ma6r watwar namyn petwar nyt atcorant. 
Dyhed y eu gŷraged a dywedant. 

Eu crysseu yn llaŷn creu aorolchant. 
Kymry kyneircheit eneit dichwant. 
G6yr deheu eu tretheu a amygant. 
Llym llifeit llafna6r ll6yr y lladant. 

Ny byd y vedyc m(ynor awnaant. 
Bydinoed katwaladyr kadyr y deuant. 
Rydrychaf6ynt kymry kat awnant. 
Lleith anoleith rydygyrchassant. 

Yg gorffen eu tretheu agheu a6dant. 
Ereill arosceill ryplanhassant. 

Oes oesseu eu tretheu nys escorant. 
Ygkoet ymaes ym bryn. 

Canh(yll yn tywyll a gerd genhyn. 
Kynan yn rac wan ympop discyn. 
Saesson rac brython gGae agenyn. 
Katwaladyr yn baladyr gan y unbyn. 
Tr6y synh6yr yn llŷyr yn eu dychlyn. 
Pan syrthGynt eu clas dros eu herchwyn. 
Ygcustud a chreu rud ar rud allmyn. 
Yggorffen pop agreith anreith degyn. 
Seis ar hynt hyt gaerwynt kynt péy kynt techyn. 
G6yn eu byt Gy gymry pan adrodynt. 
Ryn géaratt y trindaét or tralla6t gynt. 
Na chrynet dyfet na gly6yssyg 

Nys génaho mola6t meiryon mechteyrn. 
Na chynhoryon saesson keffyn ebryn. 
Nys géna6 medut medda6t genhyn. 
Heb talet o dynget meint a geffyn. 

O ymdifeit veibon ac ereill rŷn. 

Tr6y eirya6l dewi a seint prydeyn. 

Hyt ffrŷt arlego ffohaér allan. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


A®YSGOGAN awen dydaé y dyd. 

Pan dyffo i wys y vn géssyL 

Vn cor vn gyghor alloegyr lloscit. 

Yr gobeith anneira6 ar yn prydaé luyd. 

A cherd aralluro a ffo beunyd. 

Ny Gyr kud ym da céd a céd vyd. 
Dychyrch6ynt gyfarch mal arth o vynyd. 
Y talu géynyeith géaet eu hennyd. 

Atvi peleitral dyfal dillyd. 

Nyt arbettéy car corff y gilyd. 

Atui pen gaflag heb emennyd. 
Atui g6raged g6ed6 a meirch gêeilyd, '' 
Atui o bein vthyr rac ruthyr ketwyr. 

A llia6s llaé amhar kyn g6ascar lluyd. 

Rennadeu agheu dychyferwyd. 
Pan safh6ynt galaned (rth eu hennyd. 
Ef dialaGr y treith ar g6erth beunyd. 

Ar mynych gennadeu ar geu luyd. 


A2) YGORFU kymry troy kyfergyr. 
Yn gyweir gyteir gytson gytffyd. 
Dygorfu kymry y peri kat. 

A ll6yth llia6s gélat agynnullant. 

A lluman glan dewi adrychafant. 
Ytywysaé g6ydyl tr6y lieingant. 

A gynhen dulyn genhyn y safant, 

Pan dyffont yr gad nyt ymwadant. 
Gofynnant yr saesson py geissyssant. 
P6y meint eu dylyet or wlat a dalyant. 
C6 mae eu her pan seilyassant. 

C6 mae eu kenedloed py vro pan doethant. 


Yr amser gértheyrn genhyn y sathrant. 
Ny cheffir o wir rantir ankarant. 


Neu vreint an seint pyr y saghyssant. . 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Neu (rtheu dewi pyr y toryassant. 
Ym getwynt gymry pan ymwelant. 
Nyt ahont allmyn or nen y safant. o 
Hyt pan talhont seith weith g6erth digonsant. 
Ac agheu diheu y géerth eu cam. 

Ef talhaGr o anaér garma(n garant. 

Y pedeir blyned ar pedwar cant. 

G6yr g6ychyr géallt hiryon ergyr dofyd. 

A dehol saesson o iwerdon dybyd. 

Dybi o lego lyghes rewyd. 

Rewinya(t y gat r6ycca(6t lluyd. 

Dybi o alclut g6yr drut diweir, 

Y dihol o prydein virein luyd. 

Dybi o lyda6 pryda6 gyweithyd. 

Ketwyr y ar katucirch ny pheirch eu hennyd. 
Saesson o pop parth y g6arth ae deubyd. 

Ry treghis eu hoes nys oes eluyd 

Dyderpi agheu yr du gyweithyd. 

Clefyt a dyllid ac angGeryt. 

G6edy eur ac aryant a chann6yned 

Boet perth eu diffeith ygwerth eu drycffyd. 
Boet mor boet agor eu kussulwyr 

Boet creu boet agheu cu kyweithyd. 

Kynan a chatwaladyr kadyr yn lluyd, 
Etmycca(r hyt vra6t ffa6t ac deubyd. 

Deu vnben degyn d(6ys eu kussyl 

Deu oresgyn saesson o pleid dofyd. 

Deu hael deu geda6l g6lat warthegyd. 

Deu diarchar bara6t vn ffaét vn ffyd. 

Deu erchwyna(t prydein mircin luyd. 

Deu arth nys gŷna g6arth kyfarth beunyd. 
Dysgogan derwydon meint a deruyd. 

O vynaé hyt lyda6 yn eu lla6 yt vyd. 

O dyued hyt danet (y bieiuyd, 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 199 


O wabl hyt weryt hyt eu hebyr. 
Lettata6t eu pennaeth tros yr ech6yd. 
Attor ar gynhon saeson nybyd. 
Atohweléynt 6ydyl ar eu hennyd. 
Rydrychafŷynt gymry kedyr gyweithyd. 
Bydinoed am g(r(6f oth6r6f milwyr. 
A theyrned dete ryged(ys eu ffyd. 
I wis ¥ pop llyghes tres a deruyd. 7 
A chymo kynan gan y gilyd. 
Ni alwaér gynhon yn gynifwyr 
Namyn kechmyn katwaladyr ae gyfnewitwyr. . 
Eil kymro llawen llafar auyd. 
Am ynys gym6yeit heit a deruyd. 
Pan safhéynt galaned (rth eu hennyd. 
Hyt yn aber santwio s6ynedio vyd. 
Allmyn ar gychwyn i alltudyd. 
Ol 6rth ol attor ar eu hennyd. 
Sacsaon (rth agor ar vor peunyd. 
Kymry gonera6l hyt vra6b goruyd. 
Na cheiss¢ynt lyfra6r nao aga6r brydyd. 
Arymes yr ynys hon namyn hyn ny byd. 
Iol6n i ri a grofys nef ac oluyd. 
Poet tywyssa6o dewi yr kynifwyr. 
Yn yr yg golli kaer am du6 yssyd. 
Ny threine ny dieino nyt ardispyd. 
Ny (i6 ny wellye ny phlyc ny chryd. 
VIL 
ANGAR KYFYNDA6T. 
B ARD yman ymae neu cheint aganho. 
Kanet pan darffo, 
Sywedyd yn yt uo. g 
Haelon am nacco. e 
K 


130 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Nys deubi arotho. 
Tr6y ieith taliessin. 
Bu dyd emellin. 
Kian pan darfu. 
Llia6s y gyfolu. — 
By lleith bit areith auacdu. — 
Neus duc yn geluyd. 
Kyuren argywyd. 

G6ia6n a leferyd. 

A d(fyn dyfyd. 

G(mnaei o var( vy6. 

Ac aghyfoeth y(. 
G(neynt eu peiron. 

Av erwynt heb tan. 
G6neynt eu delideu. 

Yn oes oesseu. 

Dyd6yth dydycca6t 

O dyfynwedyd g(a6t. 
Neut angar kyfyndavt. 
Py ychynefa6t. 

Kymeint kerd kiédatt 

A delis a6ch tafa6t. 

Pyr na threth6ch traetha(t. 
Llat uch llyn llathraŷ6t. 
Penillyach pa6b 
Dybydaf yna gna6t. 
D6fyn dyfu ygna6t. 

Neur dody6 ystygna6t. 
Trydyd par ygnat. 
Trvgein mlyned 

Yt portheisilaérwed. 

Yn défyr ka6 a chiwed. 
Yn eluyd tired. 

Kanweis am dioed. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. . 13k 


Kant rihyd odynoed.. ” 
Kan y6 yd aethant. 
Kan y6 y doethant.  ~ 
Kan eilewyd y gant ~ 
Ac ef ae darogant. . 
Lladon verch liant. 

Oed bychan ychwant 

Y eur ac. aryant. 

. P6yr by ae diadas 
G6aet yar wynwa& ” 
Odit traethator 

Ma(r molhator. y 
Mit6yf taliessin. 

Ry phrydaf y iaGn llin . 
Para(t hyt ffin 
Ygkynel6 elphin. 

Neur deiryg het 

_ O rif eur dylyet. 

Pan gassat ny charat. 
Anudon a brat. | 
Nu ny chwennych vat 
Tr6y gogyuec an g(a6t. 
A gogyfarch6y bra6t — 
(rthyf ny g6ybyd neba6t. 
Doethur prif geluyd. 
Disp6ylla6t sywedyd. 
Am (yth am edry(yth 
Am doleu dynwedyd. 
Am g6yr g6a6t geluyd. ' 
Kerd(n dué yssyd 

Tréy ieith talhayarn. 
Bedyd bu dyd varn. 

A varn(ys teithi 
Angerd vardoni. 


132 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Ef ac rin rodes 

Awen aghymes. 

Seith vgoin ogyruen 

Yssyd yn awcn. 

6yth vgein o pop vgein e uyd yn vn. 
Yn ann6fyn y di6yth. 

Yn ann(fyn y goréyth. 

Yn ann(fyn is cluyd. 

Yn awyr uch eluyd 

Y mae ae gŷybyd. 

Py tristit yssyd 

Gell no llewenyd. 

Gogén dedyf radeu. 

Awen pan deffreu 

Am geluyd talou. 

Am detwyd dicu. 

Am buchod ara, 

Am ocsseu yscorua. 

Am haual toyrnod. py hyt eu kygwara. 
Am gyhaual ydynt tréy weryt. 
Ma6rhydic. sywyd pan dygyfrensit 
Awel uchel gyt. 

Pan vyd gohoy6 bryt 

Pan vyd mor hyfryt. 

Pan y6 gŷrd echen. 

Pan echre6yt uchel. 

Neu heul pan dodir. 

Pan y6 toi tir. 

Toi tir p6y moint. 

Pan tynhit g6ytheint, 
Gwytheint pan tynnit. 

Pan y6 g6yrd gŷcryt. 

G6eryt pan y6 g6yrd. 

P6y echenis kyrd. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Kyrd poy ochonis 
Ystir poy ystyry6ys. 
Yotyry¢yt yn llyfreu 
Pot wynt pot frou, 

Pot ffrou pet wynt. 

Pet auon ar hynt. 

Pot auon yd ynt. 
Dayar ply y llet. 

Nou pby y tho6het. 
Gog6n trés llafna6r 
Am rud am la(r. 
Gog6n atrefnatr 

Rég nef a lla6r 

Pan atecin aduant. 

Pan ergyr diuant. 

Pan lowych aryant. 
Pan vyd tywyll nant. 
Anadyl pan y6 du. 
Pan y6 creu a uu. 
Buch pan y6 banna6c. 
G6reic pan y6 sorcha6o. 
Llneth pan y6 g6yn. 
Pau y6 glas kelyn. 

Pan y6 barun6t myn. 
Yn llia6s mehyn. 

Pan y6 barua6t. 

Pan y6 keu ofôr. 

Pan y6 med6 col6yn. 
Pan y6 lledyf ord6yn. 
Pan y6 brith iyrchwyn. 
Pan y6 hallt hal6yn 
COr6f pan y6 ystorn. 
Pon y6 llotrud gboeru. 
Pan y6 g6yrd llinos. 


133 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Pan y6 rud egroes. | 
Neu wreic ae diocs. ° 
Pan dygynnu nos. 

Py datwcir yssyd yn eur lliant. 
Ny 6yr neb pan rudir y bron huan. 
Lli6 yn erkynan newyd 
Anaha(r yd6yn. 

Tant telyn py gyn. 
Coc py g6yn py gan. 
Py geid6 y didan. 

Py dyd6c garthan 
Gereint ac arman. 

Py dydéc glein. 

O erddygna(t vein 

Pan y6 per erwein. 

Pan y6 g6yrli6 brein. 
Talhayarn yssyd 
M6yhaf y sywedyd. 
Py amgyffra6d g6yd 

O aches amot dyd. 
Gogŷn da a dréc 

Céda. cd amewenir mc 
Mar meint gogyhéc. 
Ka(c p6y ae dylifas. 
Pty g6a6r gorffennas, 
Poy abregethas. 

Eli ac eneas. 

Gogŷn gogeu haf. 

A uydant y gayaf. 
Awen aganaf. 

O défyn ys dygaf. 
Auon kyt beryt. 

Gogŷn y gŷrhyt. 

Gogén pan dyucin(. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 


Gog6n pan dyloin6. 
Gog6n pan dillyd, 
Gog6n pan woscryd. 
Gogén py pegor 

Yssyd y dan vor. 
Gog6n eu hoissor 

Pa6b yny oscord. 

Pet gygloyt yn dyd”. 
Pet dyd ymbl6ydyn. 
Pet paladyr ygkat. 

Pet dos ygkawat. 
Atu(yn y tranna(t. 
G6a6t n6y mefyl gogyffra6t 
_ Aches gvyd g6ydyon. 
Gog6n i neba6t 

Py lenwis auon 

Ar pobyl pharaon. 

Py dydéc réynnon 
Baran achéysson. 

Py ysca6l odef 

Pan drychafafGyt nef. 
P6y uu fforch hoy] 

O dayar hyt awyr. 

Pet byssed am peir 
Am vn am nedeir 

P6y en6 y deueir. 

Ny eing yn vn peir. 
Pan y6 mor medd6ha(t. 
Pan y6 du pysca(t. 
Moru(yt uyd eu cna6t. 
Hyd pan y(medysc. 
Pan y6 ganna(c pysc. — 
Pan y6 du troet alarch g6yn. 
Pedryda6c g6ae6 llym. 


135 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Ll6yth nef nyt ystyg. 
Py pedeir tywarchen. 
Ny wys eu gorffen. 
Py voch neu py gr6ydyr hyd. - 
Ath gyfarchaf vargat vard. 
G6r yth gynnyd escyrn ny6L 
C6dynt deu rayadyr g6ynt. 
Traethattor vygofec. 

Yn efrei yn efroec. 

Yn efroec yn efrei , 
Laudatu Laudate Jessu. 

Eil g6eith ym rithat. 

Bum glas gleissat. 

Bum ki bum hyd. 

Bum i(rch ymynyd. 

Bum kyff bum ra6 

Bum b6ell yn lla6. 

Bum ebill yggefel 

Bl6ydyn ahanher. 

Bum keilya6c brithGyn 

Ar ieir yn eidin. 

Bum am(s ar re. 

Bum tar toste. 

Bum béch melina6r. 

Mal ymaetha(r. 

Bum gronyn erkennis. 

Ef tyfvys ymryn. 

A metta(r am dotta(r. 

Yn sawell ymgyrra6r. 
Ymrygia(r o la(. 

(rth vyg godeidas. 

Am haruolles yar. 

Grafrud grib escar. 
Gorffowysseis na6 nos 


Fol. 11. s. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Yny chroth yn was. 
Bum aeduedic 

Bum llat rac g6ledic. 
Bum maré bum byf. 
Keig ydym odié 
Bum y arwad aft. 
'Y rac da6 bum taít. 
Am eil kyghores gres 
Grafrud am rodea, 
Odit traethattor 
Mar molhator. 
Mitéyf taliesin 
Ryphrydaf ia6nllin. 
Paraha6t hyt ffin. 
Ygkynnel6 elphin. 


VIII. 

Kart GODEU. 
SEBUM yn lliaís rith 
Kyn bum disgyfrith. 
Bum cledyf culurith. 
Credaf pan writh. 
Bum deigyr yn awyr. 
Bum serwaé syr. 

Bum geir yn llythyr. 
Bum llyfyr ym prifder. 
Bum llugyrn lleufer 
Bl6ydyn a hanher. 
Bum pont ar triger. 
Ar trugein aber. 

Bum hynt bum eryr. 
Bum corée ymyr. 

Bum darwed yn llat. 
Bum das ygkawat. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Bum cledyf yn aghat. 
Bum yscbyt ygkat. 
Bum tant yn telyn 
Lletritha6c naé bl6ydyn. 
Yn dfyr yn ewyn. 
Bum ysp6g yn tan. 
Bum g6yd yng6arthan. 
Nyt mi (yf ny gan 
Keint yr yn bychan. 
Keint ygkat godeu bric. 
Rac prydein wledic. 
G6eint veirch canholic. 
Llyghessoed meuedic. 
Goeint mil ma6rein. 
Arna( yd oed canpen. 
A chat er dygna6t. 

Dan von y taua(t. 

A chat arall yssyd 

Yn y wegilyd. 

Llyffan du gaflaé. 

Cant ewin arnaf. 
Neidyr vreith griba6c. 
Cant eneit tréy becha6t 
Aboenir yny chnavt. 
Bum ygkaer uefenhit. 
Yt gryssynt wellt agŷyd. 
Kenynt gerdoryon 
Kryssynt katuaon. 
Dat6yrein y vrythron 
A oreu g6ytyon. 
Gelwyssit ar neifon. 

Ar grist o ach6ysson. 
Hyt pan y gêarettei 

Y ren réy digonsei. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 


As attebGys dofyd . 
Tr6y ieith ac eluyd, . 
Rith6ch riedaéc wyd. . 
Ganta6 yn lluyd. 

A réystra6 peblic. 

Kat arllaé annefic. 

Pan s6ynh6yt godeu. 

Y gobeith an godeu. 
Dygottorynt godeu 

O pedrydant tanheu. 
K6ydynt am aereu. . 
Trych6n trymdieu. 
Dyar gardei bun. 
Tardei am atgun. 
Blaen llin blaen bun... 
Budyant buch anhun 
Nyn g6nei emellun. . 
G(6aet g6yr hyt an clun. 
M6yhaf teir aryfgryt. | - 
A chweris ymbyt 
Ac vn a dery6 

O ystyr dilyé. 

A christ y crocca6 

A dyd brat rac llaf. 
G6ern blaen llin 

A want gysseuin. 
Helyc a cherdin. 


Buant héyr yr vydin. 
Eirinwyd yspin. 


G6rthrychyat gŷrthrin, 
Ffuonwyd eithyt. 
Erbyn llu o geéryt. 


139 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 


Auanwyd géncithyt, 
Ny yoreu emwyt. 
Yr amgel(6ch bywyt. 
Ryswyd a g6ydubyt. 
Ac eido yr y bryt. 
Mor eithin yr gryt. 
Siryan souysait 
Bed6 yr y va6r vryt. 
Bu h6yr g6iscyssit. 
Nyt yr y lyfyrder. 
Namyn yr y vo(rod. 
Auron delis bryt. 
Allmyr uch allfryt. 
Ffenitwyd ygkyntod. 
Kadeir gygwrysod. 
Omi goreu ardyrchod 
Rac bron teyrnod. 
Ll6yf yr y varanhod. 
Nyt oscocs troetued. 
Ef laddei a pheruod 
Ac eithaf a diwod, 
Collwyd bornyasit 
Eiryf dy aryfyryt. 
G6yros goyn y vyt. 
Tarŷ trin teyrn byt. 
Morabo a moryt. 
Ffawyd flynycasit. 
Kelyn glessyssit 

Bu ef y gérhyt. 
Yspydat amnat. 
Heint ech y aghat, 
G(6iwyd gorthorat. 
Gorthoryssit ygat. 
Redyn anreithat. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN.' 141 


Danadyl rac bragat 

Yn rychua briwat, — 
Eithin ny bu vat. 

Yr hynny g6crinat. 
Gruc budyd amnat. 

Dy worin séynat. Y 
IIyd g6yr crlynyat. 

Doré buanabr. 

Racdag crynci nof alla6r, 
Glolyn glo6 drussia6r 

Y oné ym peulla6r, 

- Olafuswyd kygres. 
Kymra( arodos, 
G(rthodi gérthodes 
Ereill o tylles. 

Por goreu gormos 

Ym plyml6yt macs. 
Gorutha6o kywyd 
Aches veilon. wyd. 
Kastan kowilyd. 
Gorthryat fonwyd. 
Hantit du muchyd. 
lIIandit orém mynyd. 
Handit kyl cootdyd. 
Handit kynt myr ma6r. 
Er pan gigleu yr abr, 
An doilas blaen bod6. 
An datrith dated6, 
An maglas blaon deré, 
O warchan maolder. 
WherthinaGc tu creic, 
Nor nyt ystereic, 

Nyt o vam athat. 


Pan ym digonat. 


[43 


THE ROOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Am creu am creat. 

O na6rith Uaſanat. 

O ffrŷyth o ffr6ytheu, 

O firéyth dué dochrou. 

O vriallu a blodeu bre, > 

O vla6t g6yd a godeu.' . 

O prid o pridret, ' 
Pan ym digonet — t 

O vla6t danat 

O d(fyr ton nabvet. 

Am séyn6ys i vath. 

Kyn bum diacret. 

Am s6yn6ys i wytyon, 
Ma(nut o brython. 

O eurwys o ewron Ar 
O euron o vodron “ a 
Ô pymp pumh(nt kelaydon. 
ArthaGon eil math 

Pan ymdygyaed. 
Ams(yn(ys i wledic. 

Pan vei let loseedio, 

Am s6yn6ys sywydon 
Sjwyt kyn byt. 

Pan vei genhyf y vot 

Pan vei veint byt. 

Hard bard bud an gnaét 

Ar watt y tuedaf a traetho taua(t. 
G(aryeis yn llych6r. 
Kysceis ym porffor. 

Neu bum yn yscor 

Gan dylan eil mor. 
Ygkylchet ymperued 

Rŷg deulin teyrned. 

Yn deu way( anchwant 


‘THR BOOK OF TALIESIN; 1 


O nef pan dosthant i 
‘Yn ann6fyn lifereins ©: 
rth uréydrin dybydent 
Potwar vgeint cant, . 
A g6cint yr eu vhant. 
Nyt ynt hyn nyt ynt ieu 
No mi yn eu bare. 
Aryal canhér a geni pêfb o nab cub. 
Oed genhyf inhou. 

" Ygoledyf brith géact 
Bri am darwed 

O douyd o golo le yd oed. 
O dof yt las baed. 

Ef gŷrith ef datwrith, ” 
Ef gŷrith ieithoed. 
Llachar y en6 lln6ffer, 
Lluch llyweí nifor. 

Ys ceinynt yn ufel. 

O dof yn uchel. 

Bum neidyr vreith y mryn. 
Bum g6ibor yn llyn. 
Bum ser gan gynbyn. 
Bum béystuer hyn. 
Vyg. cassul am kag. 
Armaaf nyt yn dríc. 
Petwar vgeint mbo 

Ar patb adydéo  .. 
Pymp pemhént aghell : 
A ymtal am kyllel. 
‘Whech march melynell. 
Canweith yssyd well. 
Vy march melyngan 
Kyfret a géylan. 
Mihun nyt eban. ,. 


Mb 


Pel. 13. a. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Kyfr6g mor a glan. 
Neu gor6yf géactlan. 
Arnaé cant kynran. 
Rud em vyg kych(y. 
Eur vy yscbytroy. 

Ny ganet yn ad(y. 

Â uu ym gowy 
Namyn goron(y 

O doleu edry(y. 

Hir wynn vy myssaér. 
Pell na bum heussa(r. 
Treigleis y my(m lla6r 
Kyn bum lleena6r. 
Treigleis kylchyneis 
Kysceis cant ynys. 
Cant caer a thrugys. 
Derwydon doethur. 
Darogen6ch y arthur. 
Yssit yssyd gynt. 
Neur mi ergenhynt. 
Ac vn adery6 

O ystyr dily(. 

A christ y croccaé. 

A dyd brat racllaé. 
Eurein yn eurylL 

Mi hud6yf berthyll 
Ac Gydyf drythyll 

O erymes fferyll 


IX. 


MAB GYFREU TALIESSIN. 


A YFARCHAF ym ren 
Y ystyrga( awen. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Py dyduc aghen 
Kyn no cherituen, 
Kyssofin ym byt 

A uu eissywyt. 
Meneich aleit 
Pyrnam dyweit. 

Pyr nam eisgyt 7 
Vn a6r nam herlynyt. 
Py dat6yreith m6c 
Pyt echenis dréc. 

Py ffynha6n a di6c 
Uch argel tywyll6c. 
Pan y6 kalaf cann. 

. Pan y6 nos lloergan. 
Arall ny chanhéyt 
Dyyse6yt allan. 

Pan y6 gofaran 
Tér6f tonneu 6rth lan. 


Yn dial dylan. 


Ae von al y vlaen. 
Py peris pardyt 
Rég dyn ac anníyt, 
Poy g6ell y ad6yt 
Ae ieuanc ae ll6yt. 
A 6dostti peth Gyt. 
Pan vych yn kysoíyt. 
Ae corff ae eneit. 
Ao argel canhíyt. 
Eilewyd keluyd 
Pyr nam dywedyd. 
L 


a Wm. 


a 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


A Gdosti céd uyd 
Nos yn arhos dyd. 

A (dosti arwyd. 

Pet deilen yssyd. 

Py drychefis mynyd 
Kyn rewinyaé eluyd. 


' Py gynheil mag6yr 


Dayar yn bres(yl. 

Eneit ply g6yna(r 

P6y gbelas ef p6y gbyr. | 
Ryfedaf yn llyfreu 

Nas g6dant yn diheu. 
Eneit p6y y hadneu 

Pŷy pryt y haelodeu. 

Py parth pan dineu 

Ry wynt a ryffreu 


Ryfel anygna(6t, 


Pechadur periglast. 
Ryfedaf ar watt 
Pan uu y g(ada(t. 
Py goreu medd daŷt 


O ved a braga(6t. 


Py gory$ y ffa6t 

Am(yn du6 trinda(t. 
Pyr y traeth6n i traythaét. 
Namyn o honavt. 

Py peris keinha6c 

O aryant rodavt. 

Pan y6 mor redega6c. 
Karr mor eithia6c. 
Agheu seilya(6o 

Ympop gélat ys ranna6c. 
Agheu uch an pen 

Ys lledan y lenn. 





Foi. 18. b. 


Boot ef an du6 an duédh 
Attaé or diwed. 7 
X. 

DARON(Y. 


| XDvdifferth neffy _ 


Rac llan6 llet ofréy. 
Kyntaf attarr(y. 
Atreis dros vord6y. 
Py pren a vo m(y ; 
No get daron(y. y 
Nyt 6y am nodéy 

Am gylch balch nef6y. 
Yssit rin yssyd uy 
Géabr gŷyr goronby. 
Oditaeg6yp6y. 


_ Hutlath vathon6y. 
. Ygkoet pan tyfvy. 


Ffrŷytheu néy kymr(y. 
Ar lan g6yllyon(y. 
Kynan ao kafily  , 
Pryt pan wledych(y. 


NU 


348 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Dedeuant etwacth 
Tros trei athros traeth. 
Pedeir prif pennaeth. 
Ar pymhet nyt g(aeth. 


G6yr gord chelaeth 
Ar prydein aruacth. 


G6rngod a ui ffraeth. 
Eillon a ui kaeth 
Ryferth(y hiracth 
Med a marchogaeth. 
Dedeuho d6y rein. 
G6cd6 a géryaGc vein 
Hoyrn cu hadcin. 


Ar wyr yn goryein. 


— Dydeuho kynrein 


O am tir rufein. 

Eu kerd a gygein — 

Eu g6a(6t ayscein. 

Anan der a drein. 

Ar gerd yt gygein. 

Ki y tynnu. 

March y rynnya(. 

Eidon y wan. h6ch y tyruu. 
Pymhet ll6dyn géyn a wnaeth Jessu. 
O wisc adaf y ymtrau. 
G6yduet coet kein eu syllu. 
Hyt yt uuant a hyt yt uu. 
Pan wnel kymry kamualhau. 
Keir aralluro poy karonu 
Llemeis i lam o lam egl6c. 
KeGssit da nyr gaho dréc. 
Megedorth run yssef a 6c. 
Rog kaer rian a chaer ry6c 
R6g dineidyn. a dineid6c 


Fol. 14, a. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Eglur dremynt a wyl goléc. 


Reo ryna6t tan dychyfréyméc. 


An ren du( an ry am(c. 


XL 


EAN ené g(lodic nef goluda6c. 
Y drefynt biewyd gyncil uoase. 
Eiric y rethgreu rieda6o. 

Ricu ryfelgar ge6herun6c. 

Ef difforth adu6yn llan lloena6c. 
Torhyt vn héch ord6ya6c. 

Hir dychyferuydein. 

O brydein gofein. 

O berth ma ac eidin. 

Nŷ chymcryn kyuerbyn. 
Kyweith kyweithyd clytwyn. 
Digon(yf digones lyghes. 

O beleidyr o bleigheit prenwres. 
Prenyal y6 y pab y trachwres. 
Aghyfnent o gadeu digones 


G(6alla6c g6ell g6yd u6yt noc arthles. 


Kat yr agathes o achles 
G6a6t gogna6 y brot digones. 
Kat ymro vretréyn tréy wres 


Ma(r tan. meidra(l y6 y trachwres. 


Kat yr ae kymr¢y kanhon. 
Kat kat crynei yn aeron. 


Kat yn arddunyon ac aeron 
Eidywet. eilywet y veibon. 
Kat ygcoet beit boet ron dyd. 
Ny medylyeisti dy alon. 

Kat yn rac uyda(6l amabon. 
Nyt atra6d aduraét achubyon. 


Kat y gwensteri ac estygi lloygyr. 


— — — ——⸗ 


149 


Fel. 14. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Sef6a6c yn aGner. 

Kat yn ros terra yan wa(r. 

Oed hyést g6raga6n egura6n. 

Yn dechreu yghenyat y geira(r. 
O rieu o ryfel ry diffaét. 

G6yr a diga6n godei g6arthega6c. 
Haeardur a hyfeid a g6alla6c. 

Ac owein mon maelgynig deua6t. 
A wnaé peithwyr gorweida(c. 
Ym pen coet cledyfein. 

Atuyd kalanod gein. 

A brein ar dispera(6t. 

Ym prydein yn eidin yn adeuea6c. 
Yggafran yn aduan brecheina(c. 
Yn erbyn yn ysc6n gaenabo. 

Ny wyl gŷr ny welas gballabe. 


XII. 


GLA8WACT TALIESSIN XXIIII. ATAL. 


ES. ENNADEU am dodynt mor ynt anuonaée. 
Dyga6n ymlletcynt meint vygkeud aft. 

Gna6t réyf yn heli beli wira6t. 

Gna(t yscOyt ysca6n argefyn ysca(it. 

Gnabt gbyth ag ad6yth o yspyda6t 

Gaer. a naGcant maer maer marGhavt. 

Atvyd mei ar venei crei gyfloga6t. 

Atvyd m6y ar gony creith g6ynyeith génahaét. 
Adoerlleith dyrreith ana6 baraét. 

OU heyrn erchwyrn edyru dyrnaét. 

Tri dillyn diachor droch drymlua(c. 

Teir llyghes yn aches arymes kyn bra6t. 

Tri diwedyd kat am dri phriaét 

G6lat. g6naha6t bat betra6t. 


Vol. 18. a. 


THE BOOK OR TALIESSIN. 181 


Tri o pop tri. tri phechaét. 

Ac eryri vre varnhast, 

Llu o seis. eil o ynt, trydyd dygna6t. 
Ygkymry yd erhy géraged géeddaét. < - 


GW) yr merweryd. 
Molaét du6 dofyd. 
Ll6r6 kyfranc kywyd. 
Kyfreu dyfynwedyd. 
Bard bron grwedyd. 
Pan stleferyd. 
Awen c(deonuyd. 


_ Ar veinnyoeth veinyd. 


Beird llafar lluo de. 





THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Eu g6n6t nym gre. 
Ar ystrat ar ystre. 
Yatry6 ma(r mire. 
Nyt mi (yf kerd uut. 
Gogyfarch veird tut. 
Ryt ebr6ydaf drut. 
Rytalmafehut 
Ryduhunaf dremut. 
Teyrn terwyn wolut. 
Nyt mi (yf kerd vas. 
Gogyfarch veird treis. 
Bath vada6l idas. 
Dofyn eigyaén adas. 
PGy am ledwis kas 
Kamp ympop noethas. 
Pan y6 dien g6lith. 
Allat gŷenith. 

A g6lit g6enyn. 
Aglut ac ystor. 

Ac ely6 tra mor. 

Ac eur biben lle(. 

A llen aryant gti. 
A rud em a gran. 
Ac ewyn eigyawn. 
Py dyfrys ffynha6n 
Beror byryr daén. 
Py gyssyllt gŷerin 
Brecci boned llyn. 
All6yth lloer wehyn. 
Lledyf lloned veslwm, 
A sywyon synh(yr. 
A sewyd am loen * 


A gofréy goed gŷyr. 
G6rth awel awyr. 


ve — — — * - 
. 


Neu pren pura(r vyd. 

- Ffr6ythla6n y gynnyd. 
Rei ias berwidyd. 
Oduch peir pumGyd. 

A g6ia6n auon. o 
A gofréy hinon. : 

A mel a meillon. 

A medgyrn medwon 
Ad6yn y dragon. 

Dan y derwydon. 


XIV. 


Fol. 16.0 €SOLYCHAFI gul6yd argl6yd pop echen. 
Arbenhic toruoed yghyoed am orden. 
Keint yn yspydaét uch g(6ira€t aflawen. 
‘Keint rac meibon llyr in ebyr henuelen. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


G6eleis treis trydar ac auar ac aghen. 
Yt lethrynt lafna6r ar penna6r disgowen 
Keint rac 6d clotleu. yn doleu hafren. 
Rac brochuael powys a garéys vy awen. 
Keint yn adu6yn rodle ym more rac 6ryen. 
Yn ewyd am antraet géaet ar dien. 
Neut amuc yggkadeir opeir kerritwen. 
Handit ryd vyn tafaét yn ada6t g6a6t ogyrwen. 
G6aGt ogyrwen uferen ry digones 
Arnunt a llefrith a gélith a mes. 
Ystyryeim yn ll6yr kyn cl6yr cyffes. 
Dyfot yn diheu agheu nessnes. 

Ac am tired enlli dybi dylles. 

Dyrcha6r lloga6r ar gla6r aches. 

A galwn aryg(r an digones. 

An nothGy rac g6yth ll6yth aghes. 

Pan alwer ynys von tiryon vaes. 

G6yn eu byt Gy g6leidon saesson artres. 
Dod6yf deganh6y y amrysson. 

A maelg6n u6yhaf y ach(ysson. 
Ellygeis vy argl6yd ygg6yd deon. 
Elphin pendefic ryhodigyon. 

Yssit imi teir kadeir kyweir kysson. 

Ac yt vrat parahaét gan gordoryon. 
Bum ygkat godeu gan lleu agéydyon. 
Vy arith6ys géyd eluyd ac elestron. 
Bum y gan vran yn iwcrdon. 

G6cleis pan lad6yt mordéyt tyllon. 
Kigleu gyfarfot am gerdolyon. 

A gŷydyl diefyl diferogyon. 

O penron (leth hyt luch reon. 

Kymry yn 6nvryt gérhyt 6ryon. 

G6ret dy gymry ygkymelri. 

Teir kenedyl géythlaén o iawn teithi. 


Fol. 16. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


G6ydyl abrython aromani. 

A wnahon dyhed adyuysci. 

Ac am teruyn prydein kein y threfi. 

Keint rac teyrned uch med lestri. 

Ygkeinyon deon im aedyrodi. 

An d6y pen sywet ket ryferthi. 

Ys kyweir vyg kadeir ygkaer sidi. 

Nys pla6d neb heint a heneint a uo yndi. 

Ys g6yr mana(yt aphryderi. ; 

Teir oryan y am tan a gan recdi. 

Ac am y banneu ffrydyeu g6eilgi. 

Ar ffynnha6n ffr6ythla6(n yssydd o duchti. 

Ys whegach nor g(in géyn y llyn yndi. 

Agwedy ath iolaf oruchaf kyn géeryt 
Gorot kymot. athi. 





156 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Heilyn pascadur. 
Treded dofyn docthur. 
Y vendigaé arthur. 
Arthur vendigan 

Ar gerd gyfaenat. 
Aréyneb ygkat. 
Arnaé bystylat. 

Poy y tri chynweissat. 
A werchetwis g6lat. 
Py y tri chyfar6yd 
A getwis ar(yd. 

A da6 (rth awyd. 
Erbyn cu hargléyd. 
Ban rinwed rotwyd. 
Ban vyd hyn hoywod. 
Ban corn kerdetréyd. 
Ban bi6 (rth echéyd. 
Ban géir pan disgleir. 
Bannach pan lefeir. 
Ban pan doeth o peir. 
Ogyrwen awen teir. 
Bum mynabo mynweir. 
Ygkorn ym nedcir. 

Ny dyly kadcir. 

Ni gatwo vyggcir. 
Kadeir gynif glaor. 
Awen hua6(dyl haor. 
PGy on6 y teir kaor. 
Rog lliant a Laer. 
Nys g6yr ny vo taer 
Eissylut ou maer. 
Pedoir kacr yssyd, 
Ym prydein powyssed 
Rieu merweryd. 


‘THE LOOK OF TALTESSIN. 


Am nyt vo nyt vyd. 
Nyt vyd am nyt vo 
Liyghessaér a vo. 
Tohit géance tra gro. 
Tir dylan dirbo, 

Naz cillt nac ado, 

Na bryn na thyno, 

Na rynna6d godo, 

Rac géynt pan sorho. © 
Kadcir teyrnon, 
Keluyd réy katwo, 
Keissitor ygno, 
Keissitor kedic, 
Ketéyr colledic. 
Tebygafi dull dic. 

O diua pendeuio 

O dull diuynnic. 

O leon luryc. 
Dyrchnfa6t gêledio, 
Am terwyn hen enwic, 


BrouhaGt braga6t brio. - 


Brouadl eissoric. 

Orio a morin 

Am terayn chwhefrin. 
Ieithood edein. 

Aches ffyscyolin 
Mord6yeit merin. 

O plant saraphin. 
Dogyn défyn diwerin, 
Dillygein elphin, 


167 


Fel. 17.08. 


THER BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


XVI. 
KADEIR KERRITUEN. COC. 


IREN rymavyr titheu. 
Kerreifant om karedeu. 

Yn deweint ym py] geineu. 
Llewycha(t vy lleufereu. 
Myna(c hoedyl minaéc ap lleu. 
A weleis i yma gynheu. 
Diwed yn llechued lleu. 
Bu g6rd y h6rd ygkadeu. 
Auacdu vy mab inheu. 
Detwyd douyd r(y goreu. 
Ygkyfamryseon kerdeu. 


_ Oed g6ell y synh(yr nor veu. 


Keluydaf gér a gigleu. 

G6ydyon ap don dygynuertheu. 

A hud6ys g6reic a vlodeu. 

A dyd6c moch o deheu. 

Kan bu ida6 disgoreu. 

Drut ymyt a g€ryt pletheu. 

A rith6ys gor6yda6t 

Y ar plaga6t 

Lys. ac enwerys kyfr(yeu. 

Pan varnher y kadeireu. 

Arbenhic vdun y veu. 

Vygkadeir am peir am deduon. 

Am areith tryadyl gadeir gysson. 
Rym gelwir kyfréys yn llys don. 
Mi ac euron(y ac euron. 

G6eleis ymlad taer yn nant ffrangcon. 
Du6 sul pryt pylgeint. 

Rog Gytheint a g6ydyon. 

Dyf ieu yn geugant yd aethant von. 


Fol, 17. b. 


‘THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Y geiseeé ysout « hudolyon. 
Aran rot drem clot tra g6a6r hinon. 


Heb gic heb ascérn. 
Heb Gytheu heb waet. 
Heb pen aheb traet. 
Ny byd hyn ny byd ien. 
No get y dechreu. 

Ny da6 oe odeu 

Yr ofyn nac agheu. 

Ny dioes eisseu 

Gan greaduryeu. 
Ma6r Du6 mor wynneu 
Ban da6 o dechreu. 
Mar y verth ideu 

Y gôr ae goreu. 

Ef ymaes ef ygkoet 
Heb la6 a heb troet. 


160 


THE BOOK OF TALIFSSIN. 


Heb heneint heb hoet. 
Heb eidigaf adoct. - 
Ac ef yn gyfoet 

A phymhoes pymhoet. 
A heuyd yssyd hyn 
Pet pemh6nt ul6ydyn. 
Ac ef yn gyflet. 

Ac Gyneb tytwet. 

Ac ef ny anet. 

Ac ef ny welet. 

Ef ar vor ef ar tir 

Ny wyl ny welir. 

Ef yn aghybir 

Ny da pan vynnir. 
Ef ar tir ef ar vor 

Ef yn anhebcor. 

Ef yn diachor 

Ef yn dieissor. 

Ef o pedeiror 

Ni byd 6rth gyghor 
Ef kychwyn agor 

O duch maen mynuor. - 
Ef llafar ef mut. 

Ef yn anuynut. 

Ef yn (rd ef yn drut. 
Pan tremyn trostut. 
Ef mut ef llafar, 

Ef yn ordear. 
M6yhaf y vanyar 
Ar Gyneb dayar. 

Ef yn da ef yn dréc. 
Ef yn anegl6c. 

Ef yn anaml6c 
Kanys géyl gol6c. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 161 


Ef yn drée ef yn da. 
Ef hônt ef yma. 
Ef a antrefna 
Ni di6c awna. a 
Oc ef yn dibech 
Ef yn wlyp ef yn sych. 
Ef a daíyn vynych. 
O wres heul. ac oeruel lloer. 
Lloer yn anlles 
Handit llei y g6res. 
‘Vu gôr ae goreu. 
Yr holl greaduryeu. \ 
Ef bieu dechreu. € 
A diwed diheu. 
Nyt kerda6r keluyd. 
Ny moh€6y dofyd. 
Nyt kywir keinyat. 
Ny molh6y y tat. 
Ny naét vyd aradyr. 
Heb heyrn heb hat 
Ny bu oleuat. 
Kyn ile creat. 
Ny byd effeirat. 7 
Ny bendioco auyrllat. 
Ny 6ybyd anygnat. 
Y seith lauanat, 
Deg Glat darmerthat. 
Yn e gylatr wlat. 
Decuet digarat. 
Digaréys eu tat.. 
Digaru kawat 
Yn roy rewinyat. 
Llucuffer llygrat. 
Eissor eissyflat 
Mx 





162 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Seith seren yssyd. 
O seithna6n dofyd. 
Seon sywedyd. 

A 6yr eu defnyd 
Marca mercedus. 
Ola olimus 

Luna lafurus. 
Jubiter. venerus. 
O heul o hydyruer 
Yt gyrch lloer llenfer. 
Nyt cof yn ofer. 
Nyt croc ny creter. 
An tat an pater. 
An kar an kymer. 
Yn ren nŷn ranher 
Gan lu llucuffer. 


XVIII. 


Fel.1&.2&... PS YCHWEDYL am dodyf o galcliuynyd. « 
Géarth yn deheubarth anreith clotryd. 
Da aryd y leu dywalod y vedyd. 

Lla6n y6 y ystrat lawen gynnyd. 
Llara llued peblet llara arall vro. 
Kat gormes tra trachwres bro. 

Odit o gymry ae llafaro. 

Dyfet dygyrchet bi6 mab idno. 

Ac ny llefessit neb ny do. 

Yr talu can mu yrof vn llo. 

Goleith dy yscarant amgant dy vro. 
Mal tan t6ym tarth yn yt vo. 

Pan gyrch assam ni tréydet ar tir g6ydno, 
Oed kelein veinwen rég grayan a gro. 
Pan ymchoeles echéyd o glud6ys vro, 
Nyt efrefGys buch 6rth y llo. 


1H DUUR. UF LALABSDIN, 


Gogyfarch vabon o arall vro 
Kat. pan amuc owein biG y vro. - 
Kat yn ryt alclut. kat ynygwen. 
Kat yg gossul6yt abann udun. 
Kat rac rodawys eiréyn drych. 
GGaywaér a du a lleullenyn. 
Kat tuman llachar derly6 derlin. 
Ysc6yda6r yn lla6 garthan yggryn.  - 
A welei vabon ar ranwen reida6l. 
Rac biG reget y kymyscyn. 
Ony bei ac adaned yd ehettyn. 
Rac mabon heb galaned vy nyt eyn. 
O gyfarfot discyn a chychwyn kat. 
G@at vabon géchenyt anoleithat. 
Ban disgynn6ys owein rac bi6 y tat. 
Tardei galch ach6yr ac yspydat. 
Nyt yscafael ŷ neb déyn bi6 moel. 
Kyt es cl6ch rac g6yr rein rudyon. 
Rac pedrydan dande 
Rac kadarn gyf6yre. 
Rac géyar ar gna6t, 
Rac afar ystaena6t. 
Kychwedyl am dody6 
O leutired deheu. 

. . Traeth rieu goleu haelon. 
Nyth y ogyfeirch o chwynogyon. 
Am ryt or am géern y gatuaon. 
Ban berit kat ri réyf dragon. 
Billt na owillt bi6 rac mabon. 
O gyfaruot g6rgun. 
Du kalaned ned rei yn run. 
Bu llewenyd dybyd y vrein. 
Ban ymadra6d g6yr g6edy nuchien 
Kat, nyt ef dieghis ysc6yt owein. 





164 


Fel. 19. b. 


THE ROOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Yac6yt nolch Grthyat ygkat trablud. 
Ni rooi warthec heb (ynoh rud. 
Rudyon beudcr biG a mar y rat. 
(i6yar gorgolchel géarthyf iat. 

Ac ar Gyneb géyn yd yr gaffat. 
Eurobell greulct gonem dullyat 

Preid wenh6ys iolin. preid daresteinat. 
Proid rac tacruréydyr tacr gyffestra6n. 
Preid pon gyfylchi kcig ar ysc6ydabr. 
Ma(r discreina6r llafna6r am iat. 

Kat y rac owcin ma(r. ma(r o irat. 
Meindyd kéydynt Gy wyr yn am(yn plat. 
Pan discynn(ys owein rac g6cnwiat. 
Yr ech(6ys gorcrefcin bud oo tat. 


XIX. 
KANU Y MED. XXINIL 


C5 0LYCHAF wlodic pendiuic pop wa, 
G6r agynheil ynef argl6yd pop tra. 

G(6r a wnaeth y défyr y ba6b yn da. 

Gôr a wnaeth pop llat ac ac ll6yda, 
Medhct maelg6n mon ac an medwa, 


Ac vedgorn cwyn gécrlyn g6ymha. 
As kynnull g6cnyn ac nys méynha. 
Med hidleit moleit molut y pop tra. 
LicaGs creadur a vac terra. 

A wnacth du6 y dyn yr y donha. 
Rei drut rei mut ef ao m6ynha. 

Rei g6yllt rei dof douyd ao gŷna. 
Yn dillig vdunt yn dillat yda. 

Yn u(yt yn dia6t hyt vraét yt parha 
Golychafi wledic pendefic gélat hed. 
Y dill6g elphin o alltuted. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 16 


Y gêr am rodes y gbin ar c6réf ar med. 
Ar meirch ma6r modur mirein eu g6ed. 
Am roth6y etwa mal diwod. 
Tr6y vod du6 y ryd tr6y enrydod. 
Pump pomh6nt kalan ygkyman hed. 
Elffina6c varcha6o medh6yrdy ogled. ; 


Xx, 


KANU Y conor. xxun. 


Fol. 19, b. JWIAEITHI etmynt 
Gôr a gat6ynt g6ynt, 
Pan del yrihyd. 
Gorulooda6o oluyd, 
Monhyt yn tragywyd. 
Ys tidi a uodyd. 
Dylif dowcint a dyd, 
Dyd ymamoga(r. 

Nos ym orflowyssar. 
Maswed auolha6r. 

Y 6rth wledic ma6r. 
Mar du6 digonos, 
Meul haf ao rywros. 
Ac of digones. 





THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Hyny vo eginyn. 

Ef ac tal weith arall, 
Hyny vo yn vall. 
Dreuha6c dyderuyd. 
Dysgofac yr cluyd. 
Golchettaér y lestri. 
Bit groy0 y vrecci. 

A phan vo anawell, 
Dydycca6r o gell, 
Dydycca6(r rac rieu, 
Ykein gyfedeu. 

Nys g6rthryn pop deu. 
Y mel ae goreu. 

Dug etuynt ynof. 

Yd vyd yn y vod 
Llaryaf y6 trinda6t. 
GorGyth med6 med6ha6t. 
O vynut pysca6t 

O meint y godrefi. 
Grayan mor heli. 

Kyn traeth reuerthi. 
Grayan mor heli : 

Y dan tywa6t. 

Am kud y ar teithia6c. 
Mi hun am gbarabt. 
Ny digonir neba(t. 
Heb gyfoeth y trindaét. 


MW EITHI etmygant. 

Yn tryffin garant 

Galla6c gall6gyd. anchwant 
Syb6ll symaduant. 

Ban erdifel tanc. 

Neu nos cŷt dyuyd. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESGIN. 


Kwd dirgel rac dyd. 
A Gyr kerd geluyd. 
Py gel kallonyd. 
Am dyro amdo. 

Or parth pan déyre. 
Py dyduo lly6 gayaf. 
Py gyt dechrou lle, 
Yn dewis echia6c. 
Ffus, ffons ffodia6c. 
Ef duhun huna(c. 


P6y a tal y keinon. 
Ae maelg6n o von. 
Ae dyfyd o aeron. 

Ae coel ae kanaGon. 
Ai g6rwed6 ae veibon. 
Nyt anchward y alon. 
O ynyr Gystlon. 

Ef kyrch kerdoryon. 
Se syber@ seon. 

Neur dierueis 1 rin. 
Ymordei vffin. 
Ymorhred gododin. 


Ys ceirurith kyfrenhin.. 


Bran bore dewin. 
- 6yf kerdenhin hen. 
6yf kyfreu lawen. 


107 


168 


Fal. 20. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Athraé ydygen. 

Meu mola(t vryen. - 
Eiryan eiryoes, 

LlyminaGc llumoes. 
Ruduedel aubys. 

Rudyn ae llynvys. 

Kat yn hardnen6ys. 

Ynyr ae briwys. 

Kant kalan kynnéys. 

Kant car amyu(ys. 
Gweleis wyr gorua6r. 

A dygyrchynt a6r. 

Géeleis waet ar lla6r. 

Rac ruthyr cledyfa6r. 
Glessynt escyll gafr. 
Escorynt vy waywa6r. 
Trychant kalan kyman clotua6r. 
Ynyr ar tir yn wir cochaér. 


XXI. 


S-ARCHAF y wen y du( pl6yf escori. 
Perchen nef allaér p6yll ua6r wofri. 
AduGyn gaer yssyd ar gla(r géeilgi. 
Bit lawen ygkalan eiryan yri. 

Ac amser pan wna mor ma6r (rhydri. 
Ys gnaGt gorun beird uch med lestri. 
Dydybyd géanec ar vrys dybrys idi. 
Ada6 h6ynt y werlas o glas ffichti. 

Ac am b(yf o des dros vygwedi. 

Pan gatt6yf amot kymot athi. 

AduGyn gaer yssyd ar llydan llyn. 
Dinas diachor mor ae chylchyn. 
Gogyfarch ty prydein k6d gygein hyn. 
Blaen llyn ap erbin boet teu voyn. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESGIN. 


Bu gosoor a bu kerd yn eil mehyn. 
Ac eryr uch 6ybyr all6ybyr granwyn. 
— Rac vd felyc nac escar gychwyn. 
Clot wascar a géanar yd ymdullyn. 
Aduéyn gaer yssydd ar ton na€uet. 
Aduéyn eu géerin yn ymwaret. 

. Ny wnant eu déyn uyt tréy veuylhact. 
Nyt ef eu defa6t bot yn galet. . 
Ny llafaraf eu ar vyntzGydet. 

Noo eillon deutraeth géell kaeth dyfet. 
Kyweithyd o ryd wled waretret. 
Kynn(ys rŷg pop deu goreu kiwet. 
Adu6yn gaer yssydd ae géna yman. 
Medut a molut ac adar bann. 
Llyfyn y cherdeu yn y chalan. 

Am argléyd hywyd he6r eiran. 

Kyny vynet yn y adéyt yn deruin llan. 
Ef am rodes med a géin o wydrin ban. 
Adu(yn gaer yssyd yn yr eglan. 
Atu(yn y rodir y pa6b y ran. 

Atwen yn dinbych gorwen g(ylan. 
Kyweithyd wleidud ud erlyssan. 

Oed ef vyn defa6t i nos galan. 
Lledyfaét y gan ri ryfel eiran. 

Allen llié ehoec a medu prein. 

Hyny u(€yf tauaét ar Geird prydein. 
AduGyn gaer yssydd ae kyffrŷy kedeu. 
Oed meu y rydeu adewiss(n. h 
Ny lafarafi deith reith ryscat(n. 

Ny dyly kelenic nŷ 6yppo hŷn. 
Yscriuen brydein bryder briff6n, 

Yn yt wna tonneu eu hymgyffrén. 
Pereit hyt pell y gell atreid6n 
Adutyn gaer yssyd yn ard¢yrein. 


16 


Fel. 31. h. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Gocha6n y medut y molut gofrein. 
Adaféyn areu hor escor gynfrein. 
Godef g6rych dymbi hir yhadein. 
Dychyrch bar karrec crec mor ednein. 
Llit ymy6n tyghet treidet trath amein. 


_A bleidut gorll6yt goreu affein. 


Dimpyner o duch llat péy llad cofein. 
Bendith c ul6yd nef gytlef afein. 
Amyn génel yn vrowyr goréyr owein. 
Adu6yn gaer yssyd ar lan lliant. ~ 
Adu6yn yt rodir y pa6b ychwant. 
Gogyfarch ti vynet boet teu u6yant. 
G6aywatr ryn rein a derllyssant. 

Du6 merchyr géelys wyr ygkyfnofant. 


Dyfieu bu gGartheu a amugant. 
Ac yd oed vriger coch ac och ardant. 


Oed lludued vyned dyd y doethant. 
Ac am gefyn llech vacl6y kylch6y vriwant. 
Céydyn ygan gefyn llu o garant. 


XXII. 
PLAEU YR REIFFT. X. C. 


C4 FREI etuyl ar veib isracl 
Vchel enuryt. 

Kyt rif dilyn 

Rydyn esseyn. 

Rygad6ys du6 dial 

Ar pl6yf pharaonus. 

Dec pla poeni 

Ryn eu bodi. 

Ymor affoys. 

Kyssefinpla pysca6t difa. 
Digna(6t ann(yt. 





FOP VET. WE | eee ee ee 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Eilpla llyffeint llucssaéc. 
Lle6ssynt ffronoed. 


Tei a threfneu 


Athyleeu 

Achelleu béyt. 
Tryded g6ydbet 
G6ychyr gohoget géulatéyt, 
Petwar iccwr 

Cur am ystyr edynegyon. 
Eil kyguhaes 
Ffrŷyth coet a maes 
Cu6t kylyon. 
Pymhet béystnon. 
Ar holl vibnon « 
Egiption. 

Belsit milet 

O trém allet 
Deritolyon. 
Chwechet heb eu. | 
Chwyssic crugeu 
Creitheu moryon. 
Seithuet taryan 
Kynllysc athan 

A gla6 kyn¢yt. 
G6ynt gordiberth. 
Ar deil a g6yd. 
Gythuct lloscus. 
Llydan eu clust. 
Blodeu kyfys. 
Na6uet aruthyr 
Diuedla6c vthyr 
Donia(c nofus. 

Du tywylléc 

Drem anegléc 


- Ml 


Cy 


172 


Fel. Ma 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Egiptius. 

Dec veinyoeth 

M(6yhaf g6ynyeith 

Ar pl6yf kynrein. 

Crist iessu christ ioni grein. 
Hut ynt clyd6r. 

Chwechant mil6r 

Milet efrei. 


XXIII. 


TRAGSGANU KYNAN 
GARWYN. M. BROCH. 


ES YNAN kat diffret 
Amarllofeis ket. 
Kanyt geu gofyget. 
G6rthelg6n trefbret. 
Kant goréyd kyfret 
Aryant eu tudet. 
Cant lleng ehoec 

O vn ovaen gyffret. 
Cant armell ym arffet 
A phymp6nt cathet. 
Cledyf géein karrec 
Dyrngell gGell honeb. 
Cant kynan kaffat. 
Kas anwelet 

Katellig ystret. 

Kat anyscoget. 

Kat ar (y kyrchet. 
G6aywa6r ebrifet. 
G6enh6ys aladet. 


A lafyn g6yarlet. 
Kat y mon ma(r tec. 


Fol, $2. b, 


THE BOOK OF TALTESSIN, 


Eglyt amolet. 
Tra menei mynet 
G6or6yd a g6orgret. 
Kat ygeruc dymet, 
Aercol ar gerdet, + 
Nac ny rywelet. 
Y bi rac ffri6 neb, 
Mab brochuael brolet. 
Eidywet eidunet. 
Kerny¢ kyfarchet. 
Ny ma6l ieu tyghet. 
Dystéc aghyffret. 
'Ynyd am iolet. 
Mygkynnel6 o gynan. 
Kadeu ergynnan, 
Aeleu fflam lydan. 
Kyféyrein ma6rtan. 
Kat yg wlat brachan. 
Katlan godaran, 
Tegyrned truan. 
Crinyt rac kynan. 
Lluryc yn ymwan. 
Eissor lly6 heechan. 
Kyngen kymangan 
Nerthi ath wlat lydan. 
Kigleu ymdidan. 
Pa6b yny gochvan. 
Kylch byt goch géoohuan. 
Keithynt dy gynan. 
XXIV. ' 
LATH MOESSEN. 
@® pop aduer y torof uroder dychyfaera6t, 
Bud adefic. y grist g6ledic dogyn vola6t. 


173 


174 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Dy b6yth du6 kein. yn arffet meir y heissoraét. 
Hynt gŷiryoned kyfla6n rihed kynnel6 o hona6t. 
G6yeil iesse dy pobyl iude. dychyfaera6t. 
Hu gelwir lleu o luch aleho yr eu pechavt. 

~ Deheu reen mynyd adien m6yn kyfunda6t, 

“ Yn ran eluyd yn temhyl solyf seil o gyffra6t, 
Gofunet géas colofyn dias ffest fflemycha6t. 
Parad6ys drés. bugeil deés duun g6ledycha6t. 
Neu rygigleu gan proffGydeu lleena6c. 

Geni iessu a rydarfu. hyt y uuched. 

A uei uuched y pop ried byt para(6t. 

Kyn perissit bei mi pryt6n peri6la6t. 

Ry duc claer nyt. dayar a yspeida6t. 

Ar vor difféys pan disgynn6ys dy amgyffraét. 
G6lat priodaGr nys duc m6ynua(r bei im oho honagt. 
Meint dy godet boet imdy rat. g6yeil iesse 
Arat iessu llathyr y blodeu. 

Ma(r géyrth yn y vryt o du6 donyeu. 

Ef oed ygnat. ygnat oel ef. dewin diheu. 

G(6r y cussyl i pop vfyd rac geu. 

Ef yssyd gnfacl clayar nifer tocu. 

Cunlleith y luyd deheu. 

Y mal byde6in dilit o lu lloneit. 

Mubyd y gêrth vn mab moir moli reen. 
Huarwas gŷns o du6 treidas pet wyr pot gŷiryon. 
Dy rac afael kyfoct coet kyfla6n. 

Lledyssit gein o arffct icssu. 

Rud ny popon moch y dyscat 

O rodi rat rex meibon. 

Newyd anaé ny ma(r glywant dynyadon. 
Guir y rat géas porthyant heb 6r adon. 
Dyg6erthydyd pop vchis rac derwydon. 
Nudris ny widyn llarychwol géelot mabon. 
Dydugant thus ac eur delus o cthiopia. 


Nyt aeth peues perchen ana6. 
Byt adebryat hu b6yf yth rat tat gorchordeon. 
Geni douyd dyduc perchen lleg egylyon. 


| XXV. 


u Fol. 23. a. PIAORRIT anuynda6l 
Tuth ia6l dan ysca6l. 
Ef iolen o duch lla6r 
. Tan tanh(6ytin g6a6r 
, Uch awel uchel 
= Uch no phop nyfel. 
| Madr y anyfel. 
Ny thric y gofol 
No neitha6r llyr. 
Llyr ll6ybyr y tebyr 
Dy var ygkynebyr 
G6aGr géen gérthuchyr. 
(rth walr (rth wrys 
6rth pop heuclis. 
6rth houolis n6ython 
6rth podyr afaon. 
Ardéyreafi a varn gérys 


176 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Trithri nodet 

Atcor ar henet. 
Amarch maya(0c. 

A march genetha(c. 
A march karada(c. 
Kymr6y teithia6c. ~ 
A march gŷythur. 

A march g(6ardur. 

A march arthur. 
Ehofyn rodi cur, 

A march taliessin. 

A march lleu letuegin. 
A phebyr llei ll6ynin. 
A grei march cunin. 
Kornan kyneiwaéc 

A wyd awydatc. 

Du moreod enwatc. 


_ March bréyn bro bradaée. 


Ar tri carn afla6c. 
Nyt ant hynt hila6. 
Kethin march keidaé. 
Carn avarn arna(. 
YacGydurith yscodic. 
Goréyd lemenic. 
March ryderch rydic. 
Ll6yt lli6 elleic. 

A llamrei llan elwic. 
Affroenuoll géyrenhic 
March sadyrnin. 

A march custenhin. 
Ac ereill yn trin 

Rac tir all g6in. 
Henwyn mat dyduc. 
Kychwedyl o hiraduc. 





dsum yscalyn yecemat dyu. 

Bum kath pennrith ar tri phren. 
Bum pell. bum pen. 

Gafyr ar ysca6 pren. . 
Bum garan géala géelet gol6c. 
Trag6res milet moryal. U 
Katwent kenedyl da. 

Or yssyd is awyr g6edy kaseolin. 
Nyt by6 ormod meint am g6yr.* 


XXVI 


Y gofeissvys byt. Bu deu tec arwlat g6ledychyssi! 
Bu haelhaf berthaf or ryanet. 

Bu teríyn g6en6yn gle y gywlat. 

Ef torres ar dar teir géeith yglat. 

Ac ef ny vyd corgíyd y wlat dar plufa6r 
Pebyr pell athrech¢ys coet gyrth y godiwaéd 
Alexander. yn hual eurin g6ae a garcharer 
Ny phell garchar(yt. agheu dybu 

Ac lle ef kafas ergyr o lu 

Neb kynnoc ef ny darchaéd 

Myued bed berthr6yd or ad6ynda6t 


178 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 


G6lat pers a mers o g6lat y kanna. 
Ac ynyssed pleth a phietheppa. 
A chi6da6t babilon ac aynscia 

, Ma(r a_g6lat galldarus bychan y da. 
Hyt yd ymduc y tir tywarch yna 
Ac yt wnahont eu bryt 6rth eu helya 
Y wedant g6ystlon y europa. 
Ac anreitha6 géladocd g6yssy ood terra. 
G6ythyr g6cnynt wraged gordynt yma. 
Bron loscedigyon géyled g6nstra. 
O gadeu afor pan atrodet 
Digonynt brein g6neint pen brithret 
Y milwyr mageida6n pan attrodet. 
Neu wlat yth wcisson ti pan diffydet. 
Ny byd yth escor escor lludet. 
Rac gofal yr hual ae agalet 
Milcant riallu a uu varé rac sychet. 
Eu geu gogtilleu ar eu milet. 
As g6en6yn(ys y was kyn noe trefrot. 
Kyn no hyn bei g6ell digonct. 
Ym hargl6yd g6latléyd gélat gogonet. 
Vn wlat ior oror goreu ystlyned. 
Diwycc(yf digon6yf poct genhyt ty gyffret. 
Ar sal am cly6 poet meu eu hunet. 


DigonGynt (y vod du( kyn gbise tytwet. 
XXVII 


Fel. 94.9. LR cla6r eluyd y gystedlyd ny ryanct. 
Teir person du6, vn mab ad6yn terGyn trinot. 
Mab yr déydit. nab yr dyndit. vn mab ryued. 
Mab du6 dinas. mab géon meirg6as mat g6ns géelot. 
Ma6r y orden. ma(r du6 roen ran gogonet. 
O hil ade ac abrahe yn ryanct. 


O hil dofyd dogyn défynwedyd llu ryanet. 





Fol, 24. b. 


AAT 


FERYFEDAF na chiagr 
Adef nof y labr 

O dyfot riyf gabe 
Alexander ma6r. 
Alexander magida6r, 
He6ys hayarnda6n 
Clodyfal nnwoga6n. 
Acth dan cigyatn. 
Dan eiga6n eithyd 

Y geisia6 keluydyt. 

A geisso keluydyt 

Bit o iewin y vryt. 
Eithyd oduch g6ynt. 
Rég deu grifft ar hynt 
Y welet dremynt. 
Dromynt aweles 
Pressont ny chymea, 
G6oles ryfoda6t. 
Gorllin gan pysca6t. 
A eidun(ys y ny vryt. 
A gafas or byt. 


180 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Toruood moessen géledic reen g6ae eu hescar. 
Ys arganfu perif aclu reglyt y par. 

Ac y voraGc a orugost newyd y par. 

Neur dineuby tr6y ryferth6y a unéd adar. - 
Adrycheif heul hyt gollewcin y bu dayar. 
Ti a nodyd a rygeryd o pop karchar. 
Namyn toruoed teryd eu ga6r trêm eu dear. 
A na6d ninheu rac ad6ydeu uffern anwar. 
Ad dué meidat du6 dofydat dewin trugar. 
Ys teu ti wlat nef. ys (rth tagnef it y kery. 
Nyt ocs ludet nac cissywet yth wlat dofyd. 
Ny pherir neb ny byd cscar neb y6 gilyd. 
Mi a wydyon beis deallén rac kewilyd. 
Karu o hona6t y lan trinda(t o neb keluyd. 
Beird ach gogan, (ynt acharan yn tragywyd. 
Ny bu agéael y rodeist israel. yn lla6 dauyd. 
Alexander keffei lla6er nifer y wyr. 

Nyt ef nerthas ony chafas dy gerenhyd. 

Ae vydinoed ae va(r gadeu ae gamluyd. 
Pan doethant yr dayar buant dear eu dihenyd. 
Selyf ygnat a gennis gélat. bu g6ell noc yd. 
Mab teyrnon. bu gna6t berthon oe gyweithyd. 
Iago feibon a uu verthon ar eu heluyd. 

A dygymuant arannyssant tr6y eir dofyd. 
Auel wiryon a uu l6ydon a gymyrth ffyd. 

Y vrat kaim bu diwerin dréc y gussyl. 
Aser a soy6 yn awyr loyb eu kyweithyd. 
Seren agel a déyn nifer rac eu milwyr. 

A llath voessen ef ae toruoed ar eu heluyd. 
Rudech dalen vd eilladem vd ei genhym. . 
Llafar amut a doeth a drut as diwygyd. 
G6ledic côd vn cd dirperyan dihenyd. 
Molaf inheu press(6yl toruoed adef menwyt. 
Molaf inheu ada6t goreu goreilen6 byt. 





XXX. 


G5 OLYCHAF wlodio pendeuio gêlat ri 
Py ledas y pennaeth dros traeth muudi. 
Bu kyweir karchar gweir ygkaer sidi. 
Tr6y ebostol p6yll a phryderi. 

Nob kyn noc ef nyt aeth idi. 

Yr gad6yn tromlas kywirwas ae kebwi. 
A rac preideu annéfyn tost yt geni. 

Ac yt ura6t paraha6t yn bard wedi. 
Tri lloneit prytwen yd aetham ni ìdi. 
Nam seith ny dyrreith o gaer sidi. 
Neut (yf glot geinmyn cerd o chlywir. 
Igkaer pedryuan pedyr y chwelyt. 
Ygkynneir or peir pan leferit. 

O anadyl na6 moréyn gochyneuit. 

Neu peir pen ann(fyn py y vynut. 
Gérym am y oror a mererit. 

Ny beir6 byt llfyr ny rytyghit. 
Cledyf lluch llea6o ida6 rydyrchit.. 

Ac yn llaf lemina6c yd edewit, 

A rac drés porth vffern llugyrn lloscit. 


183 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


— Tri lloneit prytwen yd aetham ni ar vor, 


Namyn seith ny dyrreith o gaer rigor. 
Ni obrynafi lawyr llen llywyadur 

Tra chaer wydyr ny welsynt (rhyt arthur. 
Tri vgeint canhér a seui ar y mur. 

Oed anhaéd ymadra(d ae gwylyadur. 

Tri lloneit prytwen yd aeth gan arthur. 
Namyn seith ny dyrreith o gaer golud. 
Ny obrynaf y lawyr llaes eu kylch6y. 
Ny Gdant Gy py dyd peridyd py. 

Py aír y meindyd y ganet cy. 

P6y génaeth ar nyt aeth doleu defy. 

Ny 6dant (y yr ych brych bras y penréy. 
Seith vgein kyg6ng yny aer(y. 

A phan aetham ni gan arthir auyrdol goféy. 
Namyn seith ny dyrreith o gaer vand(y. 
Ny obrynaf y lawyr llaes eu goheu. 

Ny 6dant py dyd peridyd pen. 

Py aír y meindyd y ganet perchen. 

Py vil a gatwant aryant y pen. 

Pan aetham ni gan arthur afyrd6l gynhen. 
Namyn seith ny dyrreith a gaer ochren. 
Myneich dychnut val cunin cor. 

O gyfranc udyd ae gGidan hor. 

Ae vn hynt g6ynt ae vn défyr mor. 

Ae vn ufel tan téréf diachor. 

Myneych dychnut val bleida6r. 

O gyfranc udyd ae g6ydyanha(r 

Ny Gdant pan yscar deweint a gbabr. 
Neu Gynt p6y hynt poy y rynna6d. 

Py va diua py tir a plaéd. 

Bet sant yn diuant a bet allaér. 
Golychaf y wledic pendefic mar. 

Na b6yf trist crist am géada6L 


F- 


G6yr prydein adGythein yn lluyd. 
G6en ystrat ystadyl kat kynygyd. 
Ny nodes na maes na choedyd 

Tut achles dyormes pan dyuyd. 

Mal tonna(r tost eu gaér dros eluyd. 
G6elais wyr géychyr yn lluyd. 

A g6edy boregat bridgic. 

Gweleis i t(r(f teirffin traghedic. 
G6aed gohoy6 gofaran gochlywid. 


' Yn am(yn géen ystrat y g(elit 


Gofur hag agGyr lla6r lludedic. 

Yn drés ryt g6eleis y wyr lletrudyon. 
Eiryf dill6g y rac bla6yr gofedon. 
Vnynt tano gan aethant golludyon. 
Lla6 ygcroes gryt y gro garanwynyon. 
Kyfed6ynt y gynrein kyGyn don. 
G6aneca(r gollychynt ra6n eu kaffon. 
G6eleis i wyr gospeithic goepylat 
A g6yar a uaglei ar dillat, 


A dullia6 diaflym d6ys (rth kat 


Kat g6ortho ny buffo pan p6yllatt 
Gìvâ mont. renedaf i nan neìdat. 


184 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Ac yny vall6yf y hen 

Ym dygyn agheu aghen. 

Ny bydif yn dirwen. 

Na mol6yf i vryen. 
XXXII 


Fel. 27. a. “SZ RYEN yr ech6yd. 
Haelaf dyn bedyd. 
Llia6s a rodyd 
Y dynyon eluyd. 
Mal y kynnullyd 
Yt wesceryd. 
Llawen beird bedyd 
Tra vo dy uuchyd. 
Ys m(y llewenyd 
Gan clotuan clotryd. 
Ys m6y gogonyant 
Vot vryen ae plant, 
Ac ef yn arbennic 
Yn oruchel wledic. 
Yn dinas pellennic. 
Yn keimyat kynteic 
Lloegr6ys ae gŷydant 
Pan ymadrodant, 
Agheu a gaéssant. 
A mynych godyant. 
Lloeci eu trefret 
Ad6yn eu tudet 
Ac eun(nc collet 
A ma(r aghyffret 
Heb gaffel g6aret. 
Rac vryen reget. 
Reget diffreidyat 
Clot ior agor gélat 


Fol, 27. b. 


186 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Meued6ys med 
Y oruoled 

A chein tired 
Imi yn ryfed. 
Aryfed ma6r 
Ao eur ac afr. 
Ac a6r achet 
Achyfriuet 
Achyfriuyant. 
A rodi chwant, 
Chwant 00 rodi 
Yr vy llochi. 
Yt lad yt gryc 
Yt vac yt vyc. 
Yt vyc yt vac 
Yt lad yn rac. 
Racwed rothit 
Y voinl y byt, 
Byt yn geugant 
Itti yt wedant 


' 6rth dy owyllis. 


Dug ryth peris 
Ricu ygnis | 
Rac ofyn dybris. 
Annogynt kat 
Diffreidyat gélat. 
Gvlat diffreidyat, 
Kat annogyat. 
Gna(t am danat 
Tor6f pystylat. 
Pystalat t6r(f 
Ac yuet c(r(f. 
K6r6f oe yfot 

A chein trefret 


Fol, 28, a. 


A hoit am vereu 

Ao pen ffuncu 

Ao too géydua eu 

Ei pa6b oe wyt 
Dyfynt ymplymn6yt. 
Ae varch y danaé 

Yg godeu gŷeith myna6. 
A chwaneo ana6 

Bud am li am a6. 
6yth vgein vn lli6 


187 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


O loi a bid. 

BiG blith ac ychen 

A phop kein agen 

Ny byd6n lawen 

Bei lleas vryen. 

Ys cu kyn cithyd 

Yeis kygryn kygryt. 

A briger meu olchet 

Ac elor y dyget 

A gran g(y ar llet 

Am wact g6yr gonodet. 
A gôr bŷrr bythic. 

A uei wedby wreic 

Am ys géin ffoleic 

Am ys g6in mynyo gylt6n. 
Am sorth am porth am pen 
Kyn na phar kyf6yrein. 
Kymaran tauné 

Gas y drés g6aranda6 
Py trést ae dayar a gryn 
Ae mor a dugyn. 

Dy gtynyc ychyngar 6rth y pedyt. 
Ossit vch ymryn 

Neut vryen ae gryn. 
Ossit uch ym pant 

Neut vryen ae géant. 
Ossit vch y mynyd 
Neud vryen a oruyd. 
Ossit vch yn rib 

Neut vryen ae brif. 
Ossit vch ygcla6d 

Neut vryen a bla6d 

Vch nynt vch as 

Vch ympop kamas. 


Fol, 98. b. 


Yn llad y escar. 

Ac yny valléyfi hen 

Ym dygyn aghou aghen. 
Ni bydif ym dyrwen. 
Na mol6yf vryen. 


XXXV. 
G(6EITH ARGOET LLOYFEIN. KANU VRYEN.. 


BORE Duf sad6rn kat uaGr a uu. 


Or pan d6yro houl hyt pan gynnu. | 
Dygryss6ys flamd6yn yn petwar 
Godeu a reget y ymdullu. 

Dyu6y o argoet hyt ar vynyd. 

Ny cheffynt eiryos hyt yr vndyd. 
Atorelwis flamd6yn va6r trebystaét. 
A dodynt ygg6ystlon a ynt parabt. 
Ys attebGys. owein d(6yrein ffossavt. 
Nyt dodynt nyt ydynt nyt ynt para(t, 
A cheneu vab coel bydei kym6ya6o.. 
Le6 kyn astalei oGystyl neba(t. 
Atorelfia vrven vd vr echírvd. 


Fel. 90. a. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


A rac g6eith argoet ll6yfein 

Bu llawer kelein. 

Rudei vrein rac ryfel g6yr. 

A g6erin a gryss6ys gan einewyd. 
Arinaf y blŷydyn nat 6y kynnyd. 
Ac yny valléyf y hen 

Ym dygyn agheu aghen. 

Ny bydif ym dyrwen 

Na mol6yf vryen. 


XXXVI. 


FA RD6YRE reget rysed rieu. 

Neu ti rygosteis kyn béyf teu. 
Gnissynt kat lafna6r a chat vereu. 
Gnissynt wyr ydan kylch6ya6r, lleeu 


Goby g6éyn g6ylein ymathren 

Ny mat vroytidyt. ri ny mat geu 

Yd ymarmerth géledic (rth kymryeu. 
Nys gyrr neges y geissaton 

Gocha6n marcha6c m6th molut g6ryon. 
O dreic dyla6 a«la6 doctha6 don. 

Yn y docth viph yn treis ar y alon. 
Hyny doeth vryen yn edyd yn aeron. 
Ny bu kyforgyryat ny bu gynn(ys. 
Talgynatt vryen y rac powys 

Ny bu hyfrét brét echen gyrréys 
Hyueid a gododin a lleu towys. 

DeGr yn emnyned a theith géydubys 
Diueuyl dydéyn yg6aet g6yden. 

A weles liGyuenyd. vdyd kygryn. 

Yn eidoed kyhoed yn eil mehyn 

Kat yn ryt alclut kat ym ynuer. 

Kat gella6r breGyn. kat hireurur. 

Kat ym prysc katleu kat yn aberioed 


@ 





THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 191 


Y dygyfranc a dur breuer maér 
Kat glutuein géeith pen coet 4 : 
Ll6yth llithya6c cun ar ormant géaet. 
Atueila6 géyn gouchyr kyt mynan 
Eigyl edyl gérthryt. 

Lletrud a gyfrano ac vlph yn ryt 

Géell ganher g6ledic pyr y ganet y vd. 
Prydein pen perchen broestla6n y vd. 

Nyt ymduo dillat na glas na gaér 

Na choch nac ehoec vyc mor lla6r, 

Nyt ardodes y vord(yt dros vael maela6r 
Veirch o gonedyl vrych mor greidia6l. 

Haf ydan ayaf ac araf yn lad, 

A ryt a rotwyd eu har(yla6, 

A g6ost y dan goird ac ymd6yreí. 

Ac hyt orffen byt edrywyt kaé. 

Gofydin goyscub, dyha6l am dol 

Dilo6r am louucrou. neu vi orthyoheis 

Ynois rac h6yd poleidyr ar yscíyd, 

Yseíyt yn lla6 godeu a reget yn ymdullya6. 
Nou vi a weleis Gr yn buartha6, 

Sarff sonod vircin aogidyd la6r, 
Nou vi gogén ryfel yd argolla6r, 


G6eleis i ly6 katraeth tra maeu 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


XXXVII. 
YSPEIL TALIESSIN. Kanu VRYEN. 


EXG gérhyt gogyfeirch yntrafferth 
Goaetoyf awell6yf ynkerth 

Wir. g(eleis i rac neb nym géeles 
Pop annGyl. ef diwyl y neges. 
G6eleis i pasc am leu am lys. 
G(eleis i deil o dy fyn adowys. 
Géeleis i keig kyhafal y blodeu. 
Neur weleis vd haelhaf y dedueu. | 


Bit vy nar néyhachar kymryeu 

Gé6erth vy nat ma(r uyd y uud y radeu 
Pen maon milwyr amde. 

Preid lydan pren onhyt y6 vy awen géen 
Ysc(yda(6r y rac gly6 gloy6 glasg6en 
Gle6 ryha6t gleGhaf vn y6 vryen. 

Nym gorseif géarthegyd. gordear 
Gorya6c gorlassaéc gorlassar goriag a gord(yre. 
Pop rei sag dile6 du merwyd y mordei 
Vd tra bla6d yn yd eloth vod. 

Vared melyna(r yn neuad 
Maranheda(6c. diffreida6c yn aeron, 
Mar y wyn y anyant. ac eilon 

Ma(r dyfal ial am y alon. 

Ma(r g6rneth ystlyned y vrython. 

Mal rot tanh6ydin dros eluyd. 

Mal ton teithia6c ll6yfenyd. 

Mal kathyl kyflié g6en a gGeithen. 

Val mor m(6ynua(r y6 vryen. 

Vn y egin echangryt g6a9r. 

Vn y6 rieu réyfyadur a dya6(r. 

Vn y6 maon meirch m(th mileda6r. . 


— sn. A 
me gwr mb! 
— 


——— 


Fol. 90. a. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 193 


XXXVIIL 
EQN ené gíledic nef gorchordyon. 
Rychanaut rych¢ynant y dragon. 
G6rthodes gogyfres géelydon * 
Llia6s run a nudd an6ython. 
Ny golychaf an gna6t beird o vrython. 
Ryfed hael o sywyd sywedyd. = 
Vn lle rygethlyd rygethlic 
Rydysyfaf rychanaf y wledic. 
Yny wlat yd oed ergrynic 
Nym génel nys g6naf ec newic 
Anha6d dioll6g aédloed 
Ny diffyo y wledic ny omed. 
O edrych abdyl trém teyrned 
Yn y uy6 nys deubyd bud bed. 
Ny dygonont hoffed oe buchynt. 
. o 


194 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Kaletach yr arteith hael hynt. 
Toryf pressenna(] tra phrydein 
Tra phryder rygohoy6 rylyccra(r 
Rylyccrer. rytharna(r rybarna6r. 


' Rybarn pa6b y gér banher 


Ae ninat yn ygnat ac eluet. 

Nyr y gôr dila6 y daeret 

Gas greit a g6rhyt gotract. 

Er eichaéc gŷalla6c yn llywet. 
H6yrweda6c g(6alla6c artebet. 

Ny ofyn y neb a wnech ud 

Neut ym vd nao neut ych darwerther 
TeGued yn diwed haf. - 

Nys kynnyd namyn chwcch, 
Chwechoch it gynan o hynnyd 
Chwedlaéc tr6ydeda6c tracth dyd. 
Ternod y g6ned n6ys med mat 

Tebic heul haf huenyd soned gan mG6yhaf 
Kenhaf gan docth y gan llu cilassaf 
Bint bydi dcrwyt bryt haf pryt mab 
Lleena6c llia6c. hamg6rél gonn 

G6a6L génn g6rcs. tarth géres gwres tarth 
Tragynnis yd eghis heb warth. 

Cleda cledifa cledifarch. 

Nyt am tyrr y lu yledrat. 

Nyt amescut y gaé y kywlat. 

Tyllynt tal ysc6ydaGr rao talen y veirch. 
O march trést moryal. rith car riallu 
G6yna(6o ri g6ystlant géciryd goluda6c 
O gaer glut hyt gaer garadaéo. 

Ystadyl tir penprys a géallaéo 

Teyrned tern tagGedave. 


Fol. 81. a. 





THR BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 195 


XXXIX. F 
DADOLOCH VRYEN. 


JWEILEU uyd echassaf 

Mi ny6 dirmygaf. ; 

Vryen a gyrchaf. 

1da6 yt ganaf. 

Pan dol vygwaessaf. 

Kynn(ys a gaffaf. 

Ar parth goreuhaf. 

Y dan cilassaf. 

Nyt madr ym da6r 

Byth g6choleith awelaf. 

Nyt af attadunt ganthunt ny hydd 
Ny chyrchafi goglod 
Ar moi toyrnod. 

Kyn poi am laworod 
Y gênol6n gygh6ystlod. 
Nyt reit im hoff... 
Vryon nym gomed. 
Llwyfonyd tired 

Vs mou ou roufod. 

Ys mou y gêylod. 





196 + 


Fel. 31. a. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Kyt ef mynass6n 
G6eyhelu hen6n. 
Nyt oed well a ger6n. 


Kyn ysgíybyd6n. 
Weithon yg(elaf 


Y meint a gaffaf. 
Namyn y dub vchaf 
Nys dioferaf. 

Dy teyrn veibon 
Haelaf dynedon. 

6y kanan eu hyscyrron 
Yn tired eu galon. 

Ac yn y vall6yfi hen 
Ym dygyn agheu aghen 
Ny bydaf ym dirwen 
Na mol6yfi vryen. 


XL 
MARONAT EROF. 


“WY MCHOELES eluyd 
Val nos yn dyd. 

O dyfot clotryd 
Erc6lff pen bedyd. 
Erc(lff a dywedei. 
Agheu nas riuei. 
Ysc(yda6r y mordei 
Arna( a torreL 
Erc(lf sywessyd 
Ermin lloergegyd. 
Pedeir colofyn kyhyt 
Rudeur ar eu hyt. 
Colofneu ercélf 

Nys arueid byg(l. 





198 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


XLII. 
Manr6nat CORROL M. DAYRY. 


Fel si.& _ DY ffynha6n lydan dyllein6 aches. 
Dyda6 dyhebcyr dy bris dybrys. . 
Mar(nat corroy am kyffrocs. 

Ocr deni gôr garé y an(ytou. 

A oed voy y drwc nys ma6r gicleu 
Mab dayry dalei ly6 ar vor doheu 
Dathyl oed y glot kyn noe adnou. 

Dy ffynha6n lydan dellcin0 nonneu. 
Dyda6 dyhobcyr dybrys dybreu. 
Mar6nat corroy gonhyf inhou. 

Ocr deni. 

Dy ffynhawn lydan dyllein6 dyllyr. 
Dy sacth dychyrch traeth diu6g dybyr. 
G6r a werescyn ma(r y varanrcs, 

A wedy myna(6 mynot trofyd. 

A —ant (y ffres ffra wynyonyd. 

Tra uu uudugere bore dugra(r. 
Chwedleu am géydir owir hytlaér. 
Kyfranc corroi a chocholyn. 

Llia6s eu teruysc am eu teruyn. 
Tardci pen amwern gwerin goadu6yn. 
Kaer y sy gul6yd ny g6yd ny grin. 
G6yn y vyt yr eneit ae harobryn. 


XLIII 


MARGNAT DYLAN EIL TON. 
TAL. AE CANT. 


Fel. 33.0. “YW N du6 uchaf dewin doethaf méyhaf aued 
Py delis maes p6y ae s6ynas ynlla6 trahael. 
Neu gynt noc ef. py uu tagnef ar redyf gefel. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN, 199 


Gérthrif g6astra6t g6en6yn awnneth gboith g6ythloned. 
G6onu dylan. nd6ythio laun. treis yn hytyruer. 

Ton iwerdon. a thon vana6. a thon ogled. 

A thon prydein toruoed virein yn petweired. 
Golychafi tat du6 douydat gélat heb omed. 

Crea6dyr celi an kynn(ys ni yn trugared. 


XLIV. 
MARONAT OWEIN. 


Yoì. 82. a. EP NEIT owcin ap vryen. gobéyllit y ren oe reit. 
Roget ud no cud tromlas, nyt ood vas y gywydeit. 
Iscoll Xendglyt clodunGr escyll ga6r gônynwa6r llifoit. 
Cany choffir kystedlyd. y vd llewenyd llatreit. 
Medel galon geucilat. cissillut y tat no teit, 

Pan lada6d owoin fflamd6yn. nyt oed uly noo et 
kysecit, 
Kyscit lloegyr llydau nifer a leuuer yn eu Uygeit 
A rei ny ffoynt hayach. a oedynt ach no reit 
Owein ao cospes yn drut mal cnut, yn dylut deueit. 
Gôr g6iG uch y amli6 seirch. a rodei veirch y eirchelt. 
Kyt as cronyei mal calet. ny rannet rac y eneit 
Eneit o. ap Vryen. | 
xw | 
Fol. 82. b. EXCHRYS ynys gía(t hu ynys g6rys gobetror. 
Mon mat goge g6rhyt eruei. menei y dor. 
Lleweis wira6t géin a braga6t gan vra(t escor. 
Teyrn wofr6y diwed pop réyf rewinetor. 
Tristla6n deon yr archaedon kan rychior. 
Nyt uu nyt vi ygkymelri y gyfeissor. 
Pan doeth aedon. o wlat wytyon seon teédor. 
G6en6yn pyr doeth pedeir pennoeth meinoeth tymhor 
K6ydynt kyfoet ny bu clyt coet géynt ygohor. 


Fel. 33. a. 


THR BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Math ac euuyd. butéyt geluyd ryd eluinor. 

Y my6 g6ytyon ac amacthon at oed kyghor. 

T6ll tal y roda6c ffyryf ffodia6c. ffyryf diachor. 
Katarn gygres y varanres ny bu werthuor. 
Katarn gyfed ym pop gorsed génclit y vod. 

Cu kynaeth6y hyt tra u6yf uy6 kyr b6ylletor. 
Am b6yfi gau grist. hyt na b6yf trist ran ebostol. 
Hael archaedon gan egylyon. cyn(yssetor. 


. C1 CHRYS ynys g(a6t huynys gorys gochyma. 


Y rac budwas. kymry dinas. aros ara. 
Dragana(l ben prioda6r perchen ymretonia. 
Difa géledic or bendefic ae tu terra. 

Pedeir moréyn wedy eu c6yn dygna6t eu tra. 
Erdygna(t wir ar vor heb ar tir hir eu trefra. 
Oe wironyn na digonyn dim gofettra. 
Kerydus (yf na chyrb6ylléyf am rywnel da. 
Y l6r6 lywy py g6ahard6y p6y attrefna 

Y 166 aedon p6y gynheil mon méyn gowala. 
Am b6yfi gan grist hyt na b6yf trist o drŷc o da. 
Ran trugared y wlat ried buched gyfa. 


XLVL 


GY) yn6Yr taliessin deryd 
G6a6t godolaf vedyd. 

Bedyd r6yd rifeden eidolyd. 
Kyfr6nc allt ac allt ac echéyd. 
Ergryna6r cunedaf creisseryd. 
Ygkaer weir achaer liwelyd. 
Ergryna6t kyfat6t kyfergyr. 
Kyfanwanec tan tra myr 

Ton. llu pa6t gle6 y gilyd. 
Kan kafas y wheluch eluyd. 
Mal vcheneit géynt (rth onwyd. 


‘THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Kefynderchyn y gên y gyfyl 
Kyfachetwyn a choelyn kerenhyd. 
Géiscant veird kywrein kanonhyd, 
Maré cunedaf a géynaf a g6ynit. 
C6ynitor te6dor tebdun diarchar, 
Dychyfal dychyfun dyfynveis. 
Dyfyngleis dychyfun. 
Ymadra6d c6deda6d caletl6m. 
Kaletach 6rth elyn noc asc(rn. 
Ys kynyal cunedaf kyn kywys 
A thytwet. y 6yneb a gatwet 
Kanweith cyn bu lleith dorgl6yt. 
Dychludent wyr bryneich ym pyml6yt. 
Ef canet rac y ofyn ae ars¢yt oergerdet, 
Kyn bu dayr dogyn y d6et, 
Heit haual am ¢ydwal g6nebr6yt. 
G6eina6 géaeth llyfred noc ad6yt. 
Adoet hun dimya6 a géynaf 
Am lys am grys cunedaf 
Am ryafia6 hallt am hydyruer mor. 
Am breid af6rn a ballaf. 
G6a6t veird a ogon a ogaf. 
Ac ereill arefon arifaf. 
Ryfeda6r yn erula6d a naé cant goryd. 
Kyn kymun cuneda. 
Rymafei biG blith yr haf. 
Rymafei edystratt y gayaf. « 
Rymafei win gloy6 ac ole6. 
Rymafei torof keith rac vatreé. 
Ef dyfal o gressur o gyfle6 géeladur. 
Pennadur pryt lle6 llud6y uedei gywlat 
Rac mab edern kyn edyrn anaeleí, 

. Ef dywal diarchar diedig. 
Am ryfreu agheu dychyfyg. 


Pel. 33. b, 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Ef goborthi avs yman rogoraél 
G6ir géraGl oed y vnbyn. 
Dymhun a chyfatam a thal goin 
Kamada, diua hun o goolig. 


XLVII. 


Az)YGOGAN awen dygobryssyn. 
Maranhed amcuucd a hed genhyn. 
A phennaeth chalacth a ffraeth vnbyn, 


— A g6edy dyhed anhed ym pop mehyn. 


Seith meib o veli dyrchafyssyn. 
Kaswall6n alludd a chestudyn, 
Diwed plo coll iago o tir prydyn. 
G6lat ucrŷ dyderuyd hyt valaon. 
Lluddedic cu hoclyon ym deithio eu haf6yn, 
G6lat wehyn vargotyon. 
Kolla6t kymry oll eu haelder, 
Ynrygystlyned o pennaeth weisson. 
Rydybyd lyminaéc 
A uyd gér chwanna(c 

Y werescyn mon 
A rewinyaé g6yned. 
Oe heithaf oe pherued. 
Oe dechreu oe diwed. 

A chymryt y g6ystlon. 
Ystic y Gyneb 
Nyt est6g y neb 

Na chymry na saesson. 
Dyda6 gor o gôd 
A wna kyfamrud. 

A chat y gynhon. 
Arall a dyfyd 
Pellena6c y luyd 

Llewenyd y vrython. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESBIN. 


XLVUL 
MARONAT VTHYR PEN, 


Fol M.n.  ANRU vi luossa6o yntrydar, 

Ny pheid6n rég deulu hob (yar, 
‘Nou vi n clwir gorìassar. 

'Vygwrcys bu enuys ym hescar, 
Nou vi tywyssn6o yn tywyll 

Am rith6y nm d6y pen kawell. 

Nou vi cil kawyl yn ardu. 

Ny pheidén heb 6yar rég deulu. 
Nou vin amuc vy achlessur, 

Yn difant n charant casnur. 

Neur ordyfneis i waet am 6ythur. 
Cledyfal hydyr rac meibon caérour, 
Neu vi araun(ys vy echlessur. 
NaGuetran yg gérhyt arthur. 

Neu vi a torreis cant kaer. 

Neu vi aledeis cant maer. 

Neu vi arodeis cant llen. 

Neu vi aledeis cant pen. 

Neu vi arodeis i henpen. 

Cledyfa6r gorua6r gyghallen. 

Neu vi oreu terenhyd 

Hayarndor edeithor penmynyd. 
Ym géeduit ym gofit. hydyr oed gyhir. 
Nyt oed vyt ny bei fy eissillyd. 
Mid6yf bard molad6y yghywreint. 
Poet y gan vrein ac eryr ac Gytheint. 
Auacdu ae deubu y gymeint. 

Pan ymbyrth petrywyr r6g d6y geint. 
Drigya6 y nef oed ef vychwant. 
Rac eryr rac ofyn amheirant. 

6yf bard ac Gyf telyna6r. 


Fei. 34. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Gyf pibyd ac Gyf crythaér. 

Seith vgein kerda(r dygorua(r 
Gyghallen. bu kalch vri vriniat. 

Hu escyll edeinat. 

Dy vab dy veirdnat 

Dy veir dewndat. 

Vyn tauaét y traethu vy mar(nat. 
Handit o meinat gérth glodyat 

Byt pryt prydein huyscein ymh6yllat. 
G6ledic nef ygkennadeu nam doat. 


XLIX. 

ES EIN gyfed6ch 
Y am deuléch 

Ll6ch am pleit 
Pleit am gaer. 
Kaer yn ehaer 

Ry yscrifyat 
Virein ffo racdaé, 
Ar lleg ka6 

M6yedic uein 
Dreic amgyffreu. 
O duch lleeu 

Llestreu llat. 
Llat yn eurgyrn. 
Eurgyrn yn lla6. 

Lla6 yn ysci. 
Ysci ymodrydaf 
Uur ythiolaf 

Budic veli 
Amhanogan. ri 
Rygeid6 y teithi. 
Ynys vel veli 
Teithiaéc oed idi 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 2 


Pymp pennaeth dimbi 
O (ydyl ffichti 

O pechadur kadeithi 
O genedyl ysci. 
Pymp. ereill dymgoi 
O nordmyn mandi. 
'Whechet ryfedri. 

O heu hyt vedi. 
Seithuet o heni 

Y weryt drosi. 
Gythuet lin x a dyui 
Nyt ll6yded esoori. 
Gynt géaed venni. 
Galwa6r eryri 
Anha6d y deui. 
Iol6n eloi 

Pan ynbo gan geli 
Adef nef dimbi. 


L 


Fol. M.b. — RRYDYROHAFOY dué ar pl6yf brython 
Ar6yd lle6enyd lluyd o von, 
Kyfryssed géyned brys gorchordyon. 


laer o. ci 





206 THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Dynclut. dyn macrut dyn daryfon. 

Nyt ocd l6yr degyn dyn riedon 

Pan dyfu gatwalla6n 

Dros cigyaén iwerdon. 

Yd atrofnéys nof6y yn arducfon. 

Keinyadon moch cly6yf ou gofalon. 
MarchaGo lu mor tacr am gnaor llion. 

A dial idwal ar aranwynyon. 

A g6aro pelro a phon saesson. 

Ys trabludyo y gath vrcith ao haghyficithon. 
O ryt ar taradyr hyt ym porth 6ygyr y mon. 
Tounno did6ynas dinas maon. 

Or pan amygir mol a meillon. 

Gailent ou hamrydar ao hamrysson. 

Nyt di6ystyl godi dio (rth alon. 
Rydyrchaf6y dué ar pl6yf brython. 


LI. 


Fel. 4. a. AI RINDA6T tragywyd 
A oreu eluyd. 
A gŷedy eluyd 
Adaf yn geluyd. 
A g6edy adaf. 
Day goreu eua. 
Yr israel bendigeit 
A oreu murgreit. 
G6rd y gyrb(ylleit. 
Glan y gywydeit. 
Deudec tref yr israel d6yrein gywychafael. 
Deudec meib yr israel. a oreu du6 hael. 
Deudeo meib yr israel buant gytuaeth. 
Deudeo du dinam. teir mam ae maeth. 
Vn gôr ae creíys creaédyr ae génacth. 
Mal y géna a vynho a uo pennaeth. 


Fol. 35. b. 


THR BOOK OF TALTESSIN. 


Doudog meib yr israol a wnaeth cul6yd. 
Mal y gêna a vynho a uo argl6yd. 
Doudeo meib yr israol a wnaoth dofyd. 
Mal y gôna a vynho a vo keluyd. 
Doudoo moib yr israel dymgofu 

O gnnhat icssu. 

Ao vn tat no bu 

Athoir mam udu. 

O nadu y dooth rat 

Ac cissydyd mat. 

A moir mat great, 

A christ vy northat, 

Argl6yd pop géonwint. 

A alwaf a cil6 pop ryd. 

Hu bo vyg hynnyd. 

Genhyt gorenhyd. 


LIL 
G6A6r Lup Y Magn. 


ES ATHYL goren gogant 
6yth nifer nodant. 
Du6 llun dybydant 





THE BOOK OF TALTESSIN. 


DuG sul yn geugant 
Diheu dybydant. 
Pymp llong a phym cant 
Oranant oniant 

_ O brithi brithoi 
Nuoes nuedi 
Brithi brithanhai. 
Sychedi edi euroi 

Eil coet cogni 
Antared dymbi 

Pab y adonai 

Ar weryt pêmpai. 
Darofum darogan 
G6aed hir rac gorman. 
Hir kyhoed kyghan. 
Katwaladyr a chynan. 
Byt budyd bychan. 
Difa géres huan. 
Dysgogan dernyd 
Auu auudyd. 

6ybyr geironyd 

Kerd aŷn y genhyd. 
6ylba6t cil ech6yd 

Yn torroed mynyd. 
Ban beu llan hyd. 
Brython ar gyghyr. 

Y vrython dymbi 
GGaet g6ned ofri. 
Guedy eur ac curynni. 
Diffeith moni a lloenni. - 
Ac eryri anhed yndi. 
Dyscogan perffeith 
Anhed ym diffeith. 
Kymry podeir ieith. 


THE BOOK OF TALTESSIN, 200 


Symudant eu hareith. 
Yt y vi y uuch y unch vreith 
A wnaho g6ynyeith. 
Meindyd brefa6t. 
Meinoeth ber6ha6t. 

Ar tir ber6hoda6r 

Yn llogoed yssada6r. 
Kathyl g6ae canhator 
Kylch prydein amgor. 
Dedeuant vn gyghor 

Y 6rthot g6arthmor. 
Boet g6ir vennhryt 
Dragéynaél byt. 

Dol6ys dolh6yc kyt 
Dolaeth6y eithyt. 
Kynran lla6n yt 
Gyfarch kynut 

Heb eppa heb henuonha. 
Heb ofur byt. 

yt avyd diffeith dyreit. 
Kogeu tyghettor. 

Hoy Gwed troy groywed. 





THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


0 echen adaf henyn. 


Dygoda6r tryd6 y gychwyn 
Brancs o goscord géyrein. 
Meryd milot scithin 

Ar vor agor ar cristin. 

Vch o vor vch o vynyd. 

Veh o vor ynyal ebryn. © 

Coct macs tyno abryn. 

Pop araét hob orgly6a6 neba6t 
O vyna6c o pop mchyn. 

Yt vi brithret 

A llia6s gynirot. 

A gofut am wehyn. 

Dialcu tréy hoy6 gredeu bresséylo 
Godi creaédyr kyfoetha6c du6 vrdin. 
Pell amser kyn no dyd bra6t 
Y da diwarnavt. _ 

A d6yrein darllcaér 

Teruyn tiryon tir iwerdon. 

Y prydein yna y da datéyrein. 
Brython o vonhed rufein, 
Ambi barnodyd o aghygres dieu. 
Dysgogan sywedydyon 

Yg6lat y colledigyon. 
Dysgogan deruydon 

Tra mor tra brython. 

Haf ny byd hinon. 

Bytha6t breu breyryon. 

Ao deubyd o g6anfret 

Tra merin tat ket. 

Mil ym braét prydein vrdin. 
Ac yam gyfl6n kyffin. 

Na chéyaf ygoglyt g6crn 
G6erin g6aelotwed uffern, 


Fol, 86. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIPARIN, 211 


Ergrynaf kyllestric kaon 
Gan wlodic g6lnt anorffen, 


Lit. 
VW NN wir dymbi romani kar, 
Odit o vab dyn arall y par, 
Rac dad rygly6hn6r ma6 gyfagar 
A bydin a génctlin ar y escar. 
A thriganod kyrn a g6crin trygar. y 
Ry thrychynt rygyrchynt ygclodyfnr. | 
Brein ac eryron gollychant (yar. 
Arll6ybyr g6rit arth grys dinrohar, 
Anlyrched katwaladyr lluch allachar. 
Ar 6yneb bydina6r brood ynyal. 


WY wir dymbi dydranoueu. 

Gofunet dysgogan ygkyncchreu. 
Bl6ydyned budic rossed rihyd reitheu. 
Gaynf gyt llyry llym llywit llogeu. 
Keithia6n eilyassaf mynut ryffreu. 

Prit myr ryuorth6y ar warr tonneu. 
Elyrch dymdygyrch tani o gla6r baloheu. 
Arth a loéderllys oleu bylleu. 

Ef dibyn y teruyn o rud vereu. 

Réy keissut kystud rybud rageu. 

Rao y varanres ao var vodou. 

Crodou céydynt tyrch torrynt toruoed taleu. 
Y kynnif katwaladyr clot lathyr leu. 
Dydyrchaf6y dreio o parth deheu, 

Gan was rydad las yn dyd dyfieu. 


WN wir dymbi hael hy6red, 
Tyrua6t molut ma6r edryssed. > 
Ll6ybyr to6 lluossa6o llydan y wed. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Hyt pan uwynt seith ieith y ri géyned 
Hyt pan tragh6y tragha6t trydar. 

Ri eidun duhun duded. 

Treis ar eigyl a hynt i alltuted. 

Tr6y vor llithrant eu heissilled. 


WN wir dymbi teithia6c mon. 

Ffa6 dreic diffredyat y popyl brython. 
Pen lluyd perchyd llurygogyon. 
D6fyn darogan dewin drywon. 
Pebyllya6nt ar tren a tharanhon. 
Gorllechant gordyfynt y geissa mon. 


. Pell debet by hyt o iwcrdon. 


Tec ffa6 dillygya6 kessarogyon. 


z)YSGOGAN delwat o agarat dyhed. 
Gog&n pan perit kat arwinued. 

Arth o deheubarth yn kyfarth g6yned 
Yn am(yn rihyd ryfed rossed. 

Y cheiric altirat y darinerthed. 


. Gayaf kelenic yn lleu tired. 


Kyfle6ynt aessa(r ygga6r ygcled. 
Y gynnif katwaladyr ar ior géyned. 


WN wir dydeuhaGr dyderbi hyn. 
Lloegyr oll ymellun eu meuoed genhyn. 
G6elet artebet y g6yr brychwyn. 

Ring saeth vereu a hayarn g6yn. 


Gal6ha(r ar vor. gGaywa6r aegryn. 


Nucha(nt yn eiga6n tra llydan lyn. 
Hallt ac yn yssed vyd eu budyn. 


WN wir dymbi dy dra hafren. 


. Vrthenedic prydein brenhin gorden. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 212 


- Llary lywyd lluyd Iiabs y echen. 
Teyrnas kyfadas cas o iaen. ' 
G6erin byt yn wir byda6nt lawen. 
Medha6nt ar peiron berthwyr echen. 
Fflemycha¢t hirell ty uch hafren. 
Bydha6t kymry kynnull yn disoowen. 
Y kynnif katwaladyr bythit llawen. 
Peneri cerdoryon clot y géeithen. 


TWN wir dedeuha6r 

Ae lu ae longa6r 

Ae taryf yscíyta6r 

Ae newitya6 g6aywa6r. . 
A ghody géychyr abr - 
Y uod ef gŷnela6r 

Kylch prydein bo 

Flemychit ygno. 

Dreic nyt ymgelho 

Yr meint y do. 

Nyt ysca(n iolet 

Gorescyn dyuet. 

Dydycca6t ynwet 

Tra merin reget. 

Perif perchen ket. 





234 


Fel. 38. a. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Dy gorescynnan prydein prif van ynys. 
G6yr g6lat yr ascia a plat gafis 
Pobyl p6yllat enwir eu tir ny wys. 
Famen gowyrcis herwyd maris. 
Amlacs cu peisseu pby eu heuolis, 

A ph6yllat dyvyner obor cfnis, 
Europin arafin arafanis. 

Cristyaén difryt diryd dilis. 

Kyn ymarwar llud a llefelis. 
Dysgogretta6r perchen y wen ynys 
Itac pennaeth o rufein kein y echrys 
Nyt rys nyt kyfr6ys ri réyf y areith. 
Arywelei aryweleis o aghyfyeith. 
Dullator petryg6ern llugyrn ymdeith. 
Rac ryuonic kynran baran godeith. 
Rytalas mab grat réyf y areith 
Kymry ny danhyal ryfel ar geith, 
Pryderaf p6yllaf p6y y hymdeith. 
Brythonic yniwis dydyrchefis: 


LV. 


KANU Y BYT MAÔR. 


GS VOLYCHAF vyn tat. 
Vyn du6 vyn neirthat, 
A dodes tréy vy iat 
Eneit ym p6yllat. 

Am goruc yn g(ylat. 
Vy seith llafanat, 

O tan a dayar. 

A d6fyr ac awyr. 

A ny6l a blodeu 

A g6ynt godeheu. 

Eil synh6yr pwyllat 


THE WOOK OF TALIESSIN, 215 


Ymm p6ylléys vyn tat. 
Vn y6 a rynnynf. 

A dou a tynaf. 

A thri a waodnf. 

A phetwar a viassaaf, 
A phymp a wclaf. 
A chwech n glywaf. 
A seith a nrogleuaf. 
Ac a agdiwedaf. 
Seith nwyr ysyd 

O duch sywedyd. 

A their ran y myr 
Mor ynt amrygyr. 
Mor ua6r a ryfed 

'Y byt nat vn wed, 
Ry goruc du6 vry 
Ary planete. 

Ry goruc sola. 

Ry goruc luna. 

Ry goruc marca 

Y marcarucia. 

Ry goruc venus. 

Ry goruc venerus. 
Ry goruc seuerus. 
A seithued saturnus. 
Ry goruc du6 da. 
Pymp g(regys terra 
Pa hyt yt para. 

Vn yssyd oer. 

A deu yssyd oer. 
Ar trydyd ysgyd wres. 
A dyofac anllea. 
Petweryd parad6ys 
G6erin a gynn(ys. 


Fel. 38. b. 


THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


Pymhet artymheraéd 
A pyrth y vedyssavt. 
Yn tri yt rannat 

Yn amgan p(yllat. 
Vn y6yr asia. 

Deu y(yr affrica. 

Tri y6 europa. 
Bedyd gygwara. 

Hyt vrodic yt para. 
Pan varnher pop tra 
Ry goruc vy awen 
Y voli vyren. 
Myd6y taliessin 
Areith lif dewiri 
ParahaGt hyt fin 

Yg kynnel6 elphin. 


LVL 
KANU Y BYT RYCHAN, 


ES EIN geneis kanaf. 
Byt vndyd m6yhaf. 
Llia6s a boy)laf 

Ac a bryderaf. 
Kyfarchaf y veird byt. 
Pryt nain dyweid 

Py gynheil y byt. 

Na syrch yn eissywyt. 
Neur byt bei syrchci. 
Ty ar yt goydei. 


' l'6y ac gogynhalei. 


Byt mor y6 aduant. 
Pan syrch yn diuant 
Etwa yn gougant. 


318 THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


V. 
THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


A MS. TRANSCRIBED AT DIFFERENT PERIODS FROM THE EARLY 
PART OF THE 14TH TO THE MIDDLE OF THE 15TH CEN- 
TURIES, AND PRESERVED IN THE LIBRARY OF JESUS COL- 
LEGE, OXFORD. THE PART OF THE MS. CONTAINING THE 
FOLLOWING POEMS TRANSCRIBED IN THE LATTER PART 
OF THE l4TH CENTURY. 


L 


KYUOESSI MYRDIN AGGENDYD YCH(AER.? 


Cel. 577. A)EUTHUM i attat y atra6d 


Yguadaeth y gogled y gennyf. 
Sy6 pob tut traeth6yt 6rthyf. 


Yr g6eith arderyd ac erydon 
Gwendyd ar meint dybyd arnaf 
Eneichiat kyued kwd af. 


Kyuarchaf ym llallogan 
Vyrdin gŷr doeth darogenyd 
Kan hepcoryd o honaf. 

Pari an bun ganthaé. 


* This and the following poem are written in the same handwriting with 
that of a chronicle (Col. 516) which terminates with the year 1318. 


nea 


i 








^e (fef yf nen pampered am 
bel· ybennaelh yn hohel. yglur 
“007 eũnny hiſſoys. ty % ut ybaradbys. 
uyrgtacthuroooym vocurd casloys. 
LPytuarchaf ymy y:cot echcleis 
ygclerguin o 6lcoydyneg borgotyem. 
BAG; iyn ahanner yueruer Web yy. 
cues aDiíryn'ci: TW 
Gann yshooyntedtl achanon buntlath 
trugared ôl oud wendy £59 hloych te. 
oy tacipayet. Sarat uucogud. 
nyremamo ytu «wyn an ytu gym 










Neu g6edy ynteu k6daé. 


Ryderch hael gymynat gelyn 
Gan te6 y wan ac uy. 


Dyd gtynwyd ynryt tawy. 


Ryderch hael dan yspeit gelyn. © 
Dinas beird bro glyt 
K6d. aa ef et a yr ryt. 


Mi aedyweit y wendyd. 


Kan amkyueirch yngeluyd. 
Na byd ryderch hael drennyd. 


Kyuarchaf ym clotle6 llalla6o. 
Anuynna(c ynlluyd. 
Neu wedy ryderch p6y vyd. 


O leas g6endoleu y géaetfreu arderyd 
Hand6yf o eithur. 


Morgant uaér uab sadyrnin. 


THE RED BOOK OF MERGEST. 


Kyfli6 dy benn ac aryen 
Gacaf. géares dué dy anghen. 
P6y wledych wedy uryen. 


Digones douyd digued 
Arnaf claf (yf or diwed. 
Maelg6n hir ar dir géyned. 


Oys gar ymbratt. yt vych 
Vygkalon. dréc vy hoen am ryd drych 


Neu wedy maelgén p6y wledych. 


Run y en6 rugyl y ffossa6t. 


" Ygkynnor bydin br6ydra(6t. 
Géae brydein or diwarnavt. 


Kann (yt kedymdeit achanon 
Kunlleith. athal wa6r aborth6n. 


Kwda géyned g6edy run. 


Run y en6 ryuel o vri. 
A oganaf y dyderbi. | 
G6endyn g6lat yn anghat veli. 


Kyfuarchaf ym clotle6 llalla6c. 


Anvynnaéc ygkyni. 
P6y wledych wedi beli. 


Cannethy6 uym péyll gan wyllyon mynyd. 
Amyhun ynagro. 
Wedy beli y uab ef iago. 


Cann ethy6 dy b6yll gan wyllyon mynyd 
A thyhun yn agro. 
Poy wledych wedy iago. 





U uy uuu UIUU UUur y U&IL, 


Py wledych wedy katuan. 


G6lat kadwalla6n (ryt ma(r. 
Pedryuael byt. ryglywawr 
Dyg6ydit penn eigyl y la6r. 
A byt byt y hetmyccatr. 


O welet dy rud mor greula6n 
Y da6 ym bryt neut annogaén. 
P6y wledych uedy kadwalla6n. 


G6r hir yn kad6 kynnadyl. 
A phrydein yn 6n paladyr. 
Goreu mab kymro kalwalaédyr. 


Am gŷ6rth gyuarch yn glaear. 
Y gynnedueu neut abar. 
Wedy katwalaédyr. Idwal, 


Ath gyfuarchaf yn glaear. 
Clotleu goreu dyn dayar. 


YY 3 3 3 2 . 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Anuynna(c yd ryuel. 
Py wledych wedy howel. 


Mi aedywedaf y glot o vri. : 
G6endyd kynn esgar athi. 
G6edy hoGel rodri. 


Kynan y mon a ui 

Nyt achatuo y deithi. 

A chyngalwer mab rodri. 
Mab kealedigan vi. 


Kyfuarchaf o echlyssur byt. 
Am dyweit ychwaryan. 
P6y wledych wedy kynan. 


O leas gwendoleu yg gwaetfreu | 
Arderyd. digoni o vra(. 
Meruin vrych o dir manaé. 


Kyfuarchaf ym clot ovri. 
Vraét kerdoleu oreudyn. 
P6y wledych uedi meruin. 


Dywed(yf nyt o dryca6r. 
Ormes brydein prydera6(r. 
Wedy meruyn rodri mar. 


Kyuarchaf ym clotleu llalla€c 


Anuynna(6c yn dyd gaér. 
P6y wledych wedy mab rodri ma6r. 


Ar lann kon6y kym(y du6 merchyr 
Etmycka6r y daua(t. 
Arbennic aryen anara(t. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Kyfuarchaf ym clotleu llalla6c. 
Annvynnage yn dyd gwatt. 
P6y wledych wedy anara6t 


JAQESSAF y6 nes y amser 
Kennadeu ansel. 
Y bennaeth yn lla6 howel. 


Ys bargodyein ny biss6ys. 
Ny byd nes y barad6ys. 
Nyt géaeth urd o dynn noc urd o egl6ys. 


Kyfuarchaf ym ychyein 
'Vra6t a weleis ygelot gein. 
P6y wledych wedy bargotyein. 


Bl6ydyn a hanner y ueruer 
Vrehyryeit. eu hoes a diuyrrer. 
Diuenwir pob dibryder. 


Cann (yt kedymdeith a chanon kunlleith. 
Trugared du6 ytheneit. 
P6y wledych wedy brehyryeit. 


Dyrchaua(t unic o gud. 
Nyt achatuo y deurud. 
Kynan y k6n kymry bieinyd. 


Kyuarchaf o echlyssur byt. 
Ym dywet yn chweryan. 
P6y wledych wedy kynan. __ 


Gôr pellennio o dramyr, 
Torrant gaereu bierthyr. . 
Dywedynt brenhin o vrehyr. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Kyuarchaf o echlyssur byt. 
Kan gédost y ystyr. 
P6y wledych wedi brehyr. 


Disgoganaf seruen wynn. 
Kennat géastat ysg6ydwyn. 
Gle6 gadarn garchar gylchwyn. 
Treiglaét bro brada6c unbyn. 


Ef grynnaét h6nt racda6 hyt ym prydein. 


Kyfuarchaf ymbra6t y g6ynn. 
Kanys mi ae hamouyn. 
P6y wledych wedy seruen wynn. 


Deu ysg6ydwyn veli. 
A dyvi y uaeth awnant dyuysgi. 
Nac eurin hedéch vi. 


Kyuarchaf ym clotleu llalla6c 
Annwynna(6c yngkymry. 
Pŷy weledych wedy deu. ysgéydwyn ueli. 


Vnic arGynaul. ar wyneb keda6l 
Kynghora6t kat diffret. 
A wledych kynnor gorminet. 


Kyuarchaf ym cloticu llalla6c 
Annwyna(6c ynlluyd. 

Poy yr unic arwynna(l 

A darogeny di y uaeth. 

Poy y en6 padu pan vyd. 


Gruffud y en6 geidaél mirein 
Génawt ef gan argan kyngrein. 
A wledych ar dir prydein. 





TE OT OVI o — ee 


Kyuarchaf ym clotleu llalla6c. 
Ann(ynnauc yn ryuel. 
P6y uledych wedy géynn géarther. 


Ui awendyd wenn ma(r adrasdil gogan. 
Chwipleia a chwedleu, atkas 
Gweholieith auyd deu idas. 

Am dir etmyka(r oe g(ir hir alanas, 


Kyuarchaf ym clotleu 
Llalla6c. annwynna(c yg kadeu. 


Dwy wledych uedy Gynteu. 


Disgoganaf nat géas beid. 
Brenhin llew lla6diwreid, 
Gyluin geuel gauel bleid, 
Kyuarchaf ym ehalaeth 


Ura6t aweleis yn veduaeth, 
O dyna p6y auyd pennaeth. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Uraét. allwed bydin bud ner. 
P6y uledych wedy deu hanner. 


Kymysc g6ydelicith yn aer 
A chymro a chymrud daer. 
Ef y6 argl6yd 6yth prifgaer. 


Kyuarchaf ymdiagro 
Ura6t a darllewys lyuyr cado. 
P6y wledych wedy euo. 


Mi acdyweit oreget. 

Kan amkyueirch ynogonet. 
Keneu henri ryuyget. 

Byth ynyoes nyt ocs waret. 


Kyuarchaf y clot ovri 
Vraét annwynna(c ygkymry. 
P6y wledych wedy mab honri, 


Pan uo pont ar dav ac arall ar dywi 
Y daé ar loegyr dyuysgi. 

A mi disgogaf wedy mab henri 
Brenhin na vrenhin brithuyt aui. 


Kyuarchaf ymbra6t yg6yn. 
Kanys mi ac hamouyn. 
P6y wledych wedy brenhin na vrenhin. 


Letynuyt urenhin a da6 
A gŵyr lloegyr ynyd6ylla6, 
Ny byd g6latl6yd y dana. 


Myrdin dec daénglot gywyt. 


Y byd ylluyd b6h6man. 


Myrdin doc daén leueryd. 


Na dywet Grthyf gelwyd, - 
Beth auyd wody lluyd. 


Ef a gyfyt un or chwech. 


Ary uu ynhir ynllech. 
Ar loegyr auyd gortrech. 


Myrdin doc da6nglot wely. 
Troyt y gŷynt o vy6n ty. 
Py wledych wedy hynny, 


Deuot y6 dyuot owoin. 
A goresgyn hyt lundoin, 
A rodi y gymry gocluocin. 


Myrdin dee da6nglot bonnaf. 
Kanys yth eir y credaf. 
Owein pahyt y para. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Pan uo owein ym manag 
A chat ymprydyn geirlla6. 
Biabt gr ef a pyr idad. 


Kyuarchaf ym ehalaeth 
Vra(6t a weleis yn ueduaeth. 
O dyna p6y auyd pennaeth. 


Pennaeth y uacth 
A oresgyn cluyd. 
GG6lat wynuyt dr6y lewenyd. 


Kynarchaf ym ehalaeth 
Ura(t a weleis yn ueduaeth 
O dyna péy auyd pennaeth. 


Elit lleuein yn dyffrynt. 
Beli hir aewyr gorwynt, 
G6ynn cubyt gymry a géae gynt. 


Kyuarchaf ym clotleu 
Llalla6c annwynnaée yghadeu. 
Neu wedy beli pieu. 


Elit lleuein yn aber 
Beli hir ae wyr llaGer. 
G6yn eu byt gymry géee wydyl. 


Kyuarchaf ym clotleu lallaéc 
Annwynna(c yn ryuel. 
Pa y wae y wydyl. 


Disgoganaf un dyssyawc. 
G6yned gwedy abeh tralla€t, 
Goruot ybeh ar bop kiwdaét. 


=e o 


Dué merchyr y a m6yn goyr g6yned. 
Asdeubyd g6yr kaer gamwed. 


Nac ysgar yn antrwyadal 
A mi o angwarthyr gynnadyl. 
Padu ydisgyn kadwaladyr. 


Pan disgynno kadwaladyr 
Yn dyffryn tywi. 

Dia6t tra thrwm ebyr. 
Géasgaraét brythot brithwyr. 


Kyuarchaf ym ehalaeth 
Ura(t a weleis yn ueduaeth. 
P6y wledych odynaeth, 


Pan uo teir ìeithya6c taeabe 
Ym mon. ac uab yn gunnacha6c. 
Ryglywawr g6yned goludaéc. 


- Py gbascar lloegyr yar diwed. 


Mor. név v vn ar denad 


THE RED BOOK OF ITERGEST. 


Nac ysgar yn aur tywyndyl 
A mi o angarthyr gynnadyl. 
Palcas a d6c kadwaladyr. 


As géan géay6 o ergrywyd 
Llog. a lla6 kynndiwedyd. 
Dybyd gymry géarth or dyd. 


Nao yscar yn antrwyadyl 
A mi. o angGarth yr gynnadyl. 
Pahyt y géledych kadwaladyr. 


Tri mis teir blyned teithyon, 
A thrychant mlyned kyíla6n. 
Kadou gécithou géledychant. 


Nac yscar yn antr6yadyl 
A mi o angŷarth yr gynnadyl. 
ly wlodych wedy kadwaladyr. 


Y wendyd y dywedaf 
Ovs tragocs disgroranaf. 
Wedy kadwaladyr cynda. 


Lla6 ar gled arall ar groes 
Gogolet ba6p y cinyocs. 
Gan gyndaf kymot nyt 0c&. ' 


Neut a gannaét uudyssya6c 
G6ynod g6edy a6ch trallaét. 
Goruot yéch ar bob kiwta6t. 


A chiwtaét plant adaf 


A henynt ac g6alt. 
A dioes géarct hyt ura6t. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 2 


Or pan cì kymry heb ganhorth6y, 
” Kat hob gadwant eu dour6d oll 


Mal y gallor na p6y a uyd pennaoth. 


G6cndyd meueneduc virein, 
Kyntaf kntraf ym prydein. 
Aryléch gymry drucin, 


Tan dyno dylat dylyot uohaf. 
O uor hyt weryt dylat 
Diwod riein orffon byt, 


Eu wedy dylat dylyet uchaf. dg 
My nyd a drofunér 
A vi llann a rann perigla6r, 


Na rann poriglaur na cherda6r 
Ny byd nac adreidya6 yr allabr. 
Yny dygéydho nef ar la6r, 


Llalla6c kan am hatebyd. 
Myrdin uab moruryn geluyd. 
Truan a chwedyl a dywedyd. 


As dywodaf y wendyd. 
Kanys d6ys ym kyucrchyd. 
Dylat diwod ricin vyd. 


A rydywodois i hyt hynn 
Y wondyd waossaf unbyn. 
Didorbyd kymeint timmyn. 


Llalla6o kan am didorbyd. 
Nou yr oncit dy urodyr. 
Pa bonnacth y uaeth a uyd. 


THE RED ROOK OF ITERGEST. 


Géendyd wenn benn mynogi. 
As dywedaf yn difri, 
Na byd pennacth byth wedi. 


Och amwylor ocr csgar, 
G6ody dyuot yn drydar. 
Gan unben de(r diarchar. 
Dy ylodi y dan dayar. 


G(asgara6t awel awyr 
Poyll drut ad(6yll ot gerdir. 
Gécnnflaét hyt vra6t ys dir. 


Och leas di veduacth. 

Neut ym dianmacth. 

Hoct da adoct pan dygir 
Clot vrno. p6y draetho gir. 


O lochwyt kyuot a thauot 


Llyfreu awen heb arsGyt 
A chwdyl bun a hun breudwyt. 


Maré morgeneu mar kyfrennin. 
Moryal. maré moryen mur trin. 
Trymaf hoed am dywoet ti vyrdin. 


Digones douyd digued arnaf 
Maré morgeneu. mar6 mordaf. 
Mar6 moryen. mar( a garaf 


Gy un bra6t na cheryd arnaf 
Yr géeith ardcryd (yf claf 
Kyuar(ydyt a geissyaf. 

Y du6é ythorchymynnaf. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERORST. 


Athorehmynnaf dithou. 
Y benn y creaduryou, 
G6endyd wenn atlam kerdeu. 


Y kerdou rydrigynasnnt. 
O dyuot clot vodrydant 
Och dué 6ynt a aduant, 


G6cndyd na vyd anhylar. 
Nour roet y ll6yth yr dayar, 
Diofryt o ba6b agar. 


Ym by6 nyth diofredaf, 
Ahyt vra6t yth goffnaf. 
Dy ffossaét tralÌa6t trymaf. 


Eseut gorwyd réyd géynt 
Amchyniynaf. vy eirioes 
Vraðt y ren ry6 goreu, 
Kymer gymun kynn agheu. 


Ny chymmeraf gymun 
Gan ysgymun uyneich 
Ac eu téygeu ar eu clun. 
Am kymuno du e hun. 


Gorchymynnaf vy eiryoes 
Vra(t, yny gaer wertheuin. 
Gogelet du6 o vyrdin. 


Gorchymynnaf inheu vy eiryoes 
Chwaer. yny gaer wertheuin. 
Gogelit du6 o wendyd. Amen. 


Cel. 564. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


IL 
GGASGARDGERD VYRDIN YNY BED. 


CO WR a leueir yn y bed. 


A dysg6yt. kynn seith mlyned ; 
March mar6 curdein gogled. 


Eryueis i o win o wydyr g6ynn. 
Gan rieu ryuel degynn. 


Myrdin y6 vy en uab moruryn. 


Eryueis i owin o gaéc 
Gan rieu ryuel egl6c. 
Myrdin y6 vy en6 amheid6c, 


Pan del g6rthryn yar olwyn 

Du. y lad lloegyr ll6ybyr wehyn. 
Chwer6 wenéyn yn amwyn. 
G6ynbrynn wynvrynn eisiwyn crhy. 
Hir neuet giwet gymry. 


Ny byd diogellaér ygkella6r ardudéy 


Rac arderchaéc térch toryf hy. 


Pan dyuo coch nordmandi 

Y holi lloegyrwys treul difféys. 
Treth am bop darogan. 

Castell yn aber hodni. 


Pan dyuo y brych cadarn 

Hyt yn ryt bongarn. 

Lliwaét géyr treulialt karn. 
Penndeuic prydein yno penn barn. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. ' UU 


Yn aber d(fyr nwy deil duc 
Yt vi agnaho g(idio. 
A g6edy cat kyuarlluc. 


Cat a vi ar hyrri 
Auon. a brython dyworpi. 
Gnast géyr g6hyr gírhydri. 


Yn aber y don peruor cat 

A phelydyr anghyuyon. 

A gêaet rud ar rud saesson. 
'Wassa6c dy waed dy wendyd 
Am dywa(t wylyon. 

Mynyd yn aber karaf. 


IIL* 


1026. LLEWELYN A GGRNERTH A OEDYNT DEUSEINT BENYDYAGL YN Y 
. TRALLÔNG YM POWYS, A DYUOT YGYT AWNEYNT Y TER 

AGB DIWETHAF OR NOS. AR TEIR AGR KYNTAF OR DYD Y 
DYWEDUT EU PYLGEINT AC ORYEU Y DYD Y AM HYNNY. 

AC Y SEF Y GGELEI LYWELYN EUDUGYL GÔRNERTH YN 

GAEAT. A CHANY WYDYAT PAHAMOED HYNNY, SEF A 


WNAETH YNTEU KANU ENGLYN. 





- THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Byt a vyd bryt (rthlyeu 

By6 mall a géall ar lannef. 
Torreda6d geir a chreireu. 

Eu diuanwa6t gbir lleta€t geu. 
Géan ffyd bob eildyd dadleu. 


Byt a uyd bryt 6rth dillat. 

Kygha6s argléyd maer chwiniat. 
 Gwaclla( bard hard effeiryat. 

Diuannwa(r gwyr lleta6r gbat. 


Byt a uyd heb wynt heblaé. | 
Heb ormod eredic heb drathreulyaé. 
Tir diga6n uyd un er6 y naé. 


| Pan dyuo yr g6yr heb wryt. 
Ac ynlle ycoet kael yr yt. 


Ympob hed géled agyuyt. 


Pan uo kyuelin gymyred. g6yd géannéyn 
A ui. g6edy pennaeth gŷen6yn. 
Byda(t g6aeth budel6 no chrowyn. 


Dué merchyr dyd kyghor fen. 
Ytreulya6r llafna6r ar benn 
Cudyant deu ygkreu kyghenn. 


Yn aber sor yt uyd kyghor 
Ar wyr géedy trin treulitor. 
Gly6 g6yn lly6 yn yscor. 


Yn aber auon y byd llu mon 
Eingyl g6edy hinwedon. 
Hir weryt arwryt uoryon. 


Yn aber y don peruor cat 

A phelydyr anghyuyon. 

A gGaet rud ar rud saesson. 
Wassaéc dy waed dy wendyd 
Am dywa(6t wylyon. 

Mynyd yn aber karaf. 


IIL * 


Col. 1026. LLEWELYN A GÔRNERTH A OEDYNT DEUSEINT BENYDYAÔL 1 
. TRALLÔNG YM POWYS. A DYUOT YGYT AWNEYNT Y: 
- AÔR DIWETHAF OR NOS. AR TEIR AGR KYNTAF OR DY 
DYWEDUT EU PYLGEINT AC ORYEU Y DYD Y AM HY! 
AC Y SEF Y G(ELEI LYWELYN EUDUGYL GÔRNERTH 
GAEAT. A CHANY WYDYAT PAHAMOED HYNNY, SE 
WNAETH YNTEU KANU ENGLYN. 


CY IRY mynyd gwynt am berth, 
. Kanys crea$dyr nef am nerth. 
Ae kysgu awna g6rnerth. 


Eiry mynyd du( yn bennaf, 


THR RED NOOK OF HERGF8T. 


Eiry mynyd géynt am ty. 
Kanys llefory uclly : 
Beth (rnerth awna hynny. 


Eiry mynyd g6ynt dchcu. 
Kanys tracthaf prif cirycu : 
Tobyckaf y6 mao angheu. 


Eiry mynyd gorwyn bro, 
Detwyd pa6b 6rth ao llocho : 
Croaédyr nof ath diangho, 


Eiry mynyd gorwynn prenn. 
Kanys llefaraf amgen : 
Nyt ocs nad rac tynghet nen. 


Eiry mynyd pob doua6t, 
Rac gormcil gounl dydbraŷt, 
A gaffaf i gymun ynghardaŷt. 


Eiry mynyd gwynt am ty 
Kanys lloucry uolly : 


Och vymra6t ao rcit hynny. 


Awondrut mi ath garaf, 
Hyt ar du6 y géodinf : 
Llywelyn rywyr y kaffaf, 


Eiry mynyd géynt am vrynn. 
Kanys creaédyr nof am mynn : 


Ao kysgu y mao llywolyn. 


Eiry mynyd gwynt do(hou). 
Kanys tracthaf prif ciryeu. 
Nac ef kanu vy oryeu. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Eiry mynyd godysgoit, 
Pan droho géynt yngkylch pleit. 
Awdont di py a dyweit, 


Eiry mynyd llafar hy. 
Kanys kyrb6ylly velly : 
No 6n onys dywedy, 


Eiry mynyd pob canhorth. 
A golff y voli yn prytuorth : 
Mao yma dy vraét gwrnerth, 


Blaongord gymholri, 
Atyum pob drut, nc awen ym peri 
Both wrnorth oreu ytti. 


Maonoat pob doun6t. a llafurna6t 
Drut, am vuchod hyt dyd vra6t, 
Goreu y koucis garda6t, 


Awondrut too dy gampou, 
Y maer ganon yth eneu : 
Dywot py garda6b orou. 


Dlaongar awcn g6ynt (rth lynn. 
Yan ymlulho tonn am vrynn. 
Gorou y6 Léyt rao nowyn. 


Onyt bwyt nys kyrhaodaf, 
Ac am dwyln6 nas kaffaf ; 
Dywot both awnaf ynn, 


Dinongord gymhelri. so ynni 


Pob drut. ao auon ymperi : 
Dyro dillat rao noethi. 


dn.” 


THE RED BOOK OF ITERORAT. 


Vyndillat mi ao radaf 
Y du6 y gorchymynnaf : 
Py dal yna a gaffaf. 


A rodych o da ym pob attroc 
Drut ym breint kad6 dy wyneb; © 


Sef y kcy yn nef ary ganuet. 


Kyfli6 dyd kanyth garaf. 
Ardel6 kerd kanys keissyaf : 
Gan du6 py (npeth gaasaf. 


Bud ac awon a chyffrot, 
Pan retto défyr ar anwacrot 
Guacthaf t6yll tr6y ymdiret, 


Toyll tréy ymdiret os génaf. . 
Ac y du6 naf kyffessaf : 
Pa dial a vyd arnaf. 


Or goney d6yll ymdiret. 
Heb ffyd heb grofyd heb gret : 
Key benyt ar dy scithuct. 


Kyfli6 dyd mi ath gredaf. 


Ac yr du(6 y govynnaf. 
Nef pywed yd henillaf. 


Nyt kyffely6 da a dréc. 
Pan ymladho g6ynt a m(c. 
G6na da yr duG sof y dibc. 


Blaengar awcn pob achles, 
Rotua(r gorwyda(r ar tos : 


Diwed pob peth y6 kyffes. 





THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. » 


Purdu bran buan iyrchwyn. 
S iachryd ryuedot pag6yn. 


Eiry mynyd hyd my(n bréyn 
Oer nucued med ygherwyn. 
Gna6t gan bob anamis g6yn. 


Eiry mynyd brith bronn t6r. 
Kyrchyt aniueil glyd6r. 
G6newreic agaffo drycwr. 


Eiry mynyd brith bronn kreic, 
Krin kalaf alaf dichleio. 
Gae Gr agaffo drycwreic, 


Eiry mynyd hyd ynffos : 

Kyt uyt lleidyr a hir nos : 
Kysgyt géenyn yndidos. 

Eiry mynyd kynglhennyd auon. 
H6yrweinn 6c yngkynnyd : 

Ny moch dieil meuyl meryd. 


Eiry mynyd pyso ynllynn. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Chwerd yt bryt Orth agaro: 
Kyt dywetter (rthyf chwedyl. 
Mi a atwen vonyl lle y bo. 


Eiry mynyd graeiniwyn gro : 
Pysc ynryt chit y ogo: 
Kas vyd a oreilytto. 


Eiry mynyd hyd ar daryf : 
Gna6t gan gynran cryan araf: 
Ac ysgynnu odu corof : 

A disgynnu bar ar araf. 


Eiry mynyd hyd kyngr6n. 
Llawer adywede is os gnn : 
An he6ic y hafdyd héun. 


Eiry mynyd hyd hellaét : 
Gochwiban géynt y 6ch barga6t : 
Tér trém abr y6 pecha6t. 


Eiry mynyd hyd ar neit | 
Gochwiban g6ynt y 6ch g6enbleit 
Uchel gna6t tabel yndelcit. 


Eiry mynyd hyd ymbro. 
Gochwiban géynt y6ch blaen to. 
Nyt ymgel dr6c ynlle ybo. 

Eiry mynyd hyd ar draeth. 
Collyt heu y wab olaeth. 
Deycorem awna dyn yngaeth. 


Eiry mynyd hyd ynll6yn : 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST, 


Purdu bran buan iyrchwyn. 
8 inchryd ryuedot pag6yn. 


Eiry mynyd hyd my6n bréyn 
Oer nucued med ygherwyn. 
Gna6t gan bob anamis g6yn. 


Eiry mynyd brith bronn tér, 
Kyrchyt aniueil glyd6r. 
G6newreic agaffo drycwr. 


Eiry mynyd brith bronn kreic, 
Krin kalaf alaf dichleic. 
Gae Gr ngaffo drycwreic. 


Eiry mynyd hyd ynffos : 
Kyt uyt lleidyr o hir nos : 
Kysgyt géenyn yndidos. 


Eiry mynyd kynglhennyd auon. 
Héyrweian (o yngkynnyd : 
Ny moch dicil meuyl meryd. 


Eiry mynyd pyso ynllynn. 
Balch hoba6o bac6ya6c unbynn : 
Nyt ef ageiff pa6b auynn 


Eiry mynyd coch blaen pyr:. 
Liidia¢e lluossa(6o ongyr 
Och rao hiraeth vymrodyr. 
Eiry mynyd buan bleid : 


Ystlys diffeith6ch adreid : 
Gna6t pob anaf ardieid 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Eiry mynyd hyd nyt h6yr. 
Dyg(ydyt gla6 o awyr 
Megyt tristit lleturyt llwyr. 


Eiry mynyd eilion ffraeth. 
Gowlychyt tonneu glanntraeth : 
Keluyd kelet y aruaeth. 


Eiry mynyd hyd my6n glynn: 
G(6astat uyd haf araf lynn: 


BaryfiGyt re6 gle6 yerchwynn. 


Eiry mynyd brith bronn g6yd : 
Kadarn vymreic am ysg¢yd : 
Eidunaf nabéyf ganuml(6yd. 


Eiry mynyd ll6mm blaenca6n : 


Crém blaen g(6rysc pysc yn eigyaŷn, 
Lle nybo dysc nybyd da6n. 


Ery mynyd pysc ynryt. 
Kyrchyt caro culgrvm cm clyt : 
Hiraeth am uar( ny weryt. 


Eiry mynyd hyd ygkoet. 
Ny cherda detwyd ar troet : 
Meckyt ll6uyr llawer adoet. 


Eiry mynyd hyd ymbronn : 
Gochwiban géynt y6ch blaen onn : 
Trydyd troet y hen y ffonn 


Eiry mynyd hyd arnaf. 
Hwyeit yn llynn g6ynn ala6 
Diryeit ny mynn gGarandaé. 


Col. 1030. 


Eiry mynyd gŷynn y gnu. 
Ysodida6e . . . (brw 
Ogar gyt amynych athreidu 


Eiry mynyd gíynn to tei. 
Beitraethei daua0t awypei. 
Geuda(t : ny bydei gymyda6c neb rei. 


Eiry mynyd dyd aed doeth : 
Bitglaf pob trom ll6in lletnoeth : 
GnaGt pob anaf ar anoeth. | 


V. 
BSIT goch crib keilyawe. bit annyana6l 
Y lef owely budugaél : 
Llewenyd dyn dub ae ma6l. 


Bit la6en meichyeit (rth ucheneit 
G6ynt. bit taGel yn deleit : 
Bit gna(t afl6yd ar diryeit. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Abit bleid ar adéy. 
Ny cheid6 ywyncb ar ny rodwy. 


Bit vuan rodeint yn ardal 
Mynyd. bit ynghcudaét oual. 
Bit anniwcir annwadal. 


Bit aml6c marchaée. bit ogela6c 
Lleidyr. t6yllit gércic goluda6o : 
Kyucillt bleid bugeil diate. 


Bit amléc marcha6o. bit redegabe 
Gor6yd. bit uab lien ynehbGaunabo: 
Bit anniwcir douciryase. 


Bit groin bi6. a bit l6yt bleid. 
Fagut goryd y ar heid. 
G6csgyt gêa6n graén yny wrcid. 


Bit grém bydar. bit tr6m kou. 
Esgut gorwyd ygkadeu : 
G6esgyt g6a6n graŷn yny adnou. 


Dit haha bydar. bit annwadal 
Ehut. bit ynuyt ymladgar: 
Detwyd or acg(yl ackar. 


Bit dyf6n llynn bit lynn gŷacwa6r, 
Bit granclef glo6 6rth a6r : 
Bit doeth detwyd du( ae maér. 


Bit euein alltut. bit dysgythrin 
Drat. bit chwannaéc ynvyt y chwerthin : 
Bit wlyb rych. bid uynych mach. 


Col, 1081. 


‘THK RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 247 


Bit g6yn claf. bit lagen iach. 
Bit chéyrnyat col6yn; bit wenwyn gwrach. 


Bit diaspat noleu. bit ao 
Bydin, bit bosgittor dyre. 
Bit drat gle6, a bit reé bre. ed 


Bit wenn g6ylynn. bit bann tonn. 


it hynagyl géyar ar onn: 
Bit 16yt rof, bit 1e6 callonn, 


Bit las llunrth. bit diwarth 
Kirchyat, bit reinyat yghyuarth : 
Bit wrcic dr6o no mynych warth. 


Bit grauangabe iar. bit trydar 
Ganloé, bit ynvyt ym ladgar, 
Bit tonn callon ganalar. 


Bit wynn t6r, bit or6n seirch. 
Bit hoffdor lager ao heirch : 
Bit 16th ehwannabo. bit rynga6o cleirch. 


VL 


@nacr goynt or dohou. gna6t atueu 
Yn llann. gna6t gôr géann godoneu : 
Gna6b ydyn ofyn chwedleu. 

Gna6t y vab ar uaoth noetheu. 


Gna6t g6ynt or d6yrein. gna6t dyn bronrein 
Balch. gna6t m6yalch ymplith drein : 
Gna$6t rac traha tralleuein. 

Gna6t yggwic kael kic ourein. 


946 THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Gna(6t pynt or gocled. gna6t rianed 
Chwec. gna6t gŷr tec yg gbyned : 
Gna6t y deym arly goled. 

Gna6t g6edy llynn lleturyded. 


' Gna6t g6ynt or mor. gnaét dygynor 
Llan6 : gna6t y uan( uagu hor: 
Gna6t y uoch turyaé kylor. 


Gna(t g6ynt or mynyd. gna6t meryd 
Ymro. gnaét kael to yggwennyd : 
Gna6t arlaeth maeth dyn creuyd. 
Gna6t deil a g(6yeil a g6yd. 

e 


Gna6t nyth eryr ymblaen dar. 


Ac ygkyfyrdy gŷyr llauar : 
Gol6c vynut ar agar. 


Gna(t dyd acanlléyth ygkynnlleith 
Gayaf. kynreinyon kynrGytyeith 
Gna6t aelwyt diffyd yn diffeith. 


Crin calaf allif yn nant. 
Kyfnewit scis ac aryant. 
Digu eneit mam geublant. 


Y deilen adreuyt g6ynt. 
Gŷae hi oe thynghet. 
Heu hi elein y ganet. 


9 Nors. A stanza has here been erased in the Red Book of Hergest, but 
there is a copy of the same poem in the MS. of Llywelyn Offeiriad (Jesus Col.), 
from which the stanza is thus given :— 

Gnavt o bastardaeth grynnbry aeth 
Awyr a gêra ged drec meduaeth 
Athym ar wyr a gorwyn warth waeth. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 240 


Kyt, boot bychan yskeluyd. 
Yd adeil ndar yggor6yd 
Coot : kyuoot vyd da a detwyd. 


Derwlyb mynyd oerlas ia. 
Ymdiryet y du6 nyth déylla : 
Nyt edeu hirbwyll hir bla. 


VIL 


Co 1081, EX ALANGAEAF kalet gra6n. 
Deil ar gych6yn llynnwynn lla6n : 
'Y bore gynn noe vynet 
Gwae a ymdiret y estra6n. 


Kalangayaf kein gyfrin. 
Kyfret awel a dryckin : 
G6eith keluyd y6 kelurin. 


Kalangayaf cul hydot. 
Melyn blaen bed6 g6ed6 hauot : 
Gae a heed meuyl yr bychot. 


Kalangayaf crêm blaen g6ryso. “ 
Gna6t o benn dirieit teruyso : . “ 
Lle ny boda6n ny byd dysc, 


Kalangaeaf gar6 hin. ” 
Anhebit y gynteuin : 
Namwyn du6 nyt oes dewin. 


Kalangaeaf kein gyfreu 


Adar: byrr dyd ban cogeu : 
Trugar daffar du6 goreu. 


Un . 


Cel. 1632. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Kalangayaf kalet cras 
Purdu bran buan o vras : 


Am g6ymp hen chwerdit géen géas 


Kalangacaf cul kerwyt 
Gwao wann pan syrr byrr vyd byt: 
G6ir g6cll hegar6ch no phryt. 


Kalanpayaf ll6mgodeith. 
Aradyr yn rych ych ygyweith. 
Or kant odit kedymdeith. 


VIII. 


AX A0LA6C bydin bag6y onn. 
Hwycit yn llynn graonwynn tonn : 
Trech no chant kyssul callon. 


Hir nos govdyar morua. 
Gna(t teruysc yg kymanua: 
Ny chytuyd dirycit ada. 


Hir nos gordyar mynyd. 
Gochwiban g6ynt yéch blaen g6yd : 
Ny th6yll dryc anyan detwyd. 


Marchwyeil bed6 briclas. 
A dynn uyntroet owanas : 
Nac adef dy rin y was. 


Marchwyeil deré my6n ll6yn. 


A dynn vynntroet o gadwyn : 
Nac adef rin y uorwyn. 


Col. 1088. 


THE KED BOOK OF HEROEST. 


Marchwyeil der6 deilyar. 
A dynn vyntroct o garchar : 
Nac adef rin y lauar, 


Marchwyeil dryssi a m6yar erni. 
A m6ynlch ar y nyth : 
A chelwyda6o ny theu vyth 


Glaé allann g6lychyt redyn. 
G6ynn gro mor goror cwynn : 
‘Teo agann6yll pêyll y dyn. 


Glaw allan ygan glyd6r 
Melyn eithyn crin eu6r. 
Du6 reen py bereist lyvér. 


Gla6 allan g6lychyt vygg6allt. 
C6ynunnus gwann diff6ys allt. 
G6ol6gan g6eilgi. heli hallt. 


Gla6 allan g6lychyt eigya6n. 
Gochwiban g6ynt y6ch blaen cain. 
G6edy pob camp heb y da6n. 


x 


GSORWYN blaen onn. hirwynyon vydant. 


Pan dyuant ymblaen neint : 
Bron gŷala hiraeth y heint. 


Gorwyn blaen neint deweint 
Hir keinmygir pob kywreint : 
Dyly bun p6yth hun y heint. 


Gorwyn blaen helic eilic pysc 


25 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. | 


Yn llynn. gochwiban géynt y6ch blaen g6ryso 
Man : trech anyan noc adysc. 


Gorwyn blaen eithin a chyfrin 
A doeth. ac anoeth disgethrin. 
Namyn du nyt oes dewin. 


Gorwyn blaen meillyon digallon 
Llyf6r lludedic eidigyon : 
Gna(6t ar eidil oualon. 


Gorwyn blaen kam g6ythla6n 
Eidic ysodit ae diga6n : 
G6eithret call y6 carn yn ia6n. 


Gorwyn blaen mynyded rac anhuned 
Gayaf crin ka6n trém : 
Rac neéyn nyt oes wyled. 


Gorwyn blaen mynyded hydyr oeruel 
Gayaf. crin kawn créybyr arued : 
Whefris géall yn alltuded. 


Gorwyn blaen der6 chwer6 bric onn, 
Rac héycit géesgereit tonn : 
Pybyr péyll pell oual ymkallon. 


Gorwyn blaen der6 chweré bric oun 
Chec eu6r chéerthinat tonn : 
Ny chel grud kystud kallon. 


Gorwyn blaen egroes. nyt mocs 
Caledi katwet ba6p y eiryoes : 
Géacthaf anaf y6 annoes.. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST, 253 


Gorwyn Ulaen banadyl. kynnadyl y sercha6c. 
Goruelyn kangeu bac6ya6c : 
Bas ryd gna6t hyfryt yn huna6o. 


Gor6yn blaen auall amgall 
Pob dedwyd. wheueryd y arall 
A g6edy karu gadu g6all, 


Gor6yn blaen auall amgall 
Pob dedwyd. hirdyd meryd mall : 
Créybyr ar wa6r carchara6r dall. 


Goréyn blaen coll. geir digoll 
Bre. diaele uyd pob ffoll: 
G6eithret cadarn cad6 aruoll. 


Gor6yn blaen corsyd. gnaét meryd 
Yn drŷm. a ieuanc dysgedyd : 
Ny thyrr namyn ffol yffyd. 


Gorwyn blaen elestyr. bit venestyr prob drut. 
Geir teulu yn ysgén 
Gna6t gan aghy(ir eir t6nn. 


Gorwyn blaen gruc. gna6t seithuc ar 
L6fyr. hydyr vyd d(fyr ar dal glan 
Gna6t gan gywir eir kyvan. 


GorGyn blaen bréyn kym6yn bi6. 
Redega6c vyndeigyr hedi6 : U 
Amgeled adyn nyt ydié. 


Gor6yn blaen redyn melyn 
Kada(arth. mor vyd diwarth deillon ; 
Redega6c mana6c meibon. 


md 


254 


THE RED ROOK OF HERGEST. 


Gor6yn blacn kyra6al. gnaét gonal 
Ar hen. agGonyn yn ynyal : 


Namyn du6 nyt ocs dial. 


Gorwyn blaen dar, didar drychin, 
G6cnyn yn uchol gouvel crin : 
Gna6t gan rewyd rych6erthin. 


Gor6yn blaen kelli gogyhyt 
Yg6yd a deil deri dyg6ydyt : 
Awyl agar goynn y uyt. 


Gorwyn blacn der. ocr ucr$ 
Doſyr. kyrchit bié blacn betuerw 
G6nclit aeth sacth y syber. 


Gorwyn blacn kolyn kalet ao ereill eur agoret, 


Pan gysco pa6b ar gylchot : 
Ni chésc du6 pan ryd g6arct. 


Gorwyn blacn helic hydyr elwic. 
Gorwyd hirdyd deilycdic : 
A garo y gilyd nys dirmic. 


Gorwyn blaen br6yn brigaée vyd. 
l'an dannor dan obennyd : 
Med6l sercha6c syber6 vyd. 


Gorwyn blaen yspydat. hydyr wylyat 
Gorwyd. gna6t scrcha6c crlynnyab : 
Génelit da diwyt gennat. 


Gorwyn blaen ber(r, bydina6r _ 
Gorwyd keingyfreu koet y lagr. 
Chéerdyt bryt (rth agaraér. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Gordyar adar gélyb traeth. 
Eglur n6ybre ehalaeth 
Tonn: g6i6 callon rao hiraeth. 


Gordyar adar gélyb traeth 
Eglur tonn tuth ehalaeth : 
A gret ymabolaeth 

Carén bei kaffin elwaeth. 


Gordyar adar ar edry6yard. 
Bann llef c6n yndiffeith. 
Gordyar adar eilweith. 


Kynntouin kein pob amat 
Pan vryssyant ketwyr y gat : 
Mi nyt af anaf nym gat. 


Kynteuin kein ar ystre. 
Pan vrys kotwyr y gatle: 
Mi nyt af anaf amdo. 


Llwyt g6arthaf mynyd breu blaen onn. 
O ebyr dyhopkyr tonn : 
Peuyr pell ch6erthin om kallon, 





THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Ar gangheu blodeuage : 
Coc lauar canet yra(c. 


Yn aber cuaéc yt ganant gogeu. 
Ar gangheu blodeua(c : 
Géae glaf ae cly6 yn voda6c. 


Yn aber cuaGc cogeu a ganant : 
Ysatuant gan vymbryt : 
Ae kigleu nas cly6 heuyt. 


Neus edeweis i goc ar eidor6c brenn. 


Neur lacssGys vygkylch6y. 
Etlit a goreis a gercis neut m(y. 


Yny vann ody6ch llonn dar. 
Ydodowcis i lcis adar ; 


Coc uann cof gan ba6p a gar. 


Kethlyd kathyl uoda6c hiractha6c 
Y llef teith odef. tuth hebabo: 
Coc vreuer yn aber cuabo. 


Gordyar adar g6lyl neint : 
Llewychyt lloer oer deweint : 
Crei vymbryt rac gofit heint. 


G6ynn g6arthaf neint doweint : 
Hir keinmygir pob kywrcint. 
Dyly6n p6yth hun y heneint. 


Gordyar adar g6lyb gro. 
Deil c6ydit divryt dibro, 
Ny wadaf (yf claf heno. 


Col. 1086, 


THE RED ROOK OF HERGEST, 


Oed mack6y mabklaf : oed goein 
Gyuran yn llys vrenhin : 
Poet g6yl du6 6rth y dewin. 


Or awnoler yn derwd 
Ystirycit yr ao derlly : 
Cas dyn yman y6 cas du6 vry. 


XI. 
ZES. YNN bum kein vaglabo bum. kyffea 
Eirya6c. keinmygir ny eres : 
G6yr ar goet eiryoet am porthes. 


Kynn bum kein uaglaée bum hy: 
Am kynnéyssit ygkyuyrdy: 
Powys paradwys gymry. 


Kynn bum kein vagla6c bum eiryan. 
Oed kymwne( vympar: 
Oed kynn(6yf keuyngrém. Gyf trom 6yf truan. 


Baglan brenn neut kynhayaf. 
Rud redyn melyn kalaf : 
Neur digereis ngaraf. 





THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Nyt cidun detwyd dyhed : 
Amacréy atnabot amynod. 


Alaf yn cil meil am lat: 
Llithreda6r llyry llonn caéat : 


A défyn ryt bor6yt bryt brat 


lier6yt brat anuat ober. 
Bydant dolur pan burer : 
G6crthu bychot yr llawer. 


Pre ator pre ennwir 
Pan uarno douyd dyd hir: 
Tywyll vyd gou : goleu géir. 


Perygyl yn dirthiuat kyrchynyat 
Kewic : llawen g6yr ody6ch llat : 
Crin calaf alaf yn doilyat. 


Kigleu don drom y tholo : 
Vann y rŷng gran a gro: 
Krei vymbryt rac llotvryt hono. 


Osgla6c blaen der6. ch6er6 chweith onn. 
Ch6cc evwr chwcrthinat tonn : 
Ny chel grud kystud callon. 


Ym6ng ucheneit : adyuet 


Arnaf yn ol vygpgordyfneit : 
Ny at dué da y diryeit. 


Da y diricit ny atter : 
Namyn tristit a phryder : 
Nyt atwna du ar awnel. 


TIR RED ROOK OF HERGEST, 


Oed mack6y mabklaf : oed goein 
Gyuran yn llys vrenhin : 
Poct g6yl du6 6rth y dewin. 


Or awneler yn derwd 
Ystiryeit yr ao derlly : 
Cas dyn yman y6 cas du6 vry. 
XL 
Gol, 1086, ES YNN bum kein vagla6o bum. kyffea 
Eirya6c. keinmygir ny eres : 
Géyr ar goet eiryoet am porthes. 


Kynn bum kein uagla6o bum hy: 
Am kynn6yssit ygkyuyrdy: 
Powys paradwys gymry. 


Kynn bum kein vaglaée bum eiryan. 
Oed kymwac6 vympor: 
Oed kyunGyf keuyngrém. Gyf trém 6yf trean. 


Baglan brenn neut kynhayaf. 
Rud redyn melyn kalaf : 
Neur digereis agaraf. 
Baglan brenn neut gayaf hynn. 
Yt uyd llauar g6yr ar lynn : 
Neut diannerch vy erch6yn. 
Baglan brenn neut gêanníyn. y 
Rud cogeu goleu ewyn : 

. Wyf di garyat gan uor(yn. 


Baglan brenn neut kynteuin : 


a — o 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Neut rud rych neut crych egin : 
Etryt ym edrych yth yluin. 


Baglan brenn ganghen uoda(c. 
Kynhellych hen hiraetha6e: _ 
Llywarch leueryd uoda(c. 


Baglan brenn ganghen galet. 
Am kynn6yssy du( diffret : 
— Elwir prenn kywir kynniret. 


Baglan brenn byd ystywell. 
Am kynhelych a uo géell : 
Neut wyf lywarch lawcr pell 


Y mac hencint yn kymwed 
Ani. om g6allt ymdeint : 
Ar cloyn a gerynt yr icucino 


Y mae heneint yn kymwod 
Ami. om g6allt ym damied : 


Ar cloyn agerynt y g6raged. 


Dyr gécnn gynt géynn gne. godro 
G6yd de6r hyd diwlyd bro: 
Eidyl hen h6yr y dyrc. 


Y deilen honn neus kenniret 
Gynt. géac hi oo thynghet : 
Hi hen eleni y ganet. 


A gercis .i. yr yn was yssy gas 
Gennyf; merch cstra6n a march glas : 
Neut nat mi eu kyuadas. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST, 


'Ym pedwar prif gas eirinoet : 
Yngyueruydynt yn vnoet ; 
Pas a heneint heint a hoet. 





'Wyf hen wyf unic wyf annelwic 
Oer gwedy géely keinmic : 
6yf truan Gyf tridyblio. 


'Wyf tridyblic hen wyf annéadal 
& Drat: Gyf ehut wyf anuwar : 
Y sa6l am kara6d. nyn kar. 


Nym kar rianed nym kenniret 
Neb: ny allaf daryniret ; 
Wi a ngheu nam dygret, 


Nym dygret na hun na hoen, 
G6edy lleus lla6r a gwen : 
Wyf annwar abar (yf hen. 


Truan adynghot a dyngh6yt. 
Y lwyarch. yr y nos y ganet. 
JHIir gnif hob escor lludot, 


Na wisc wedy k6yn : na vit vréyn 
Dy vryt. lem awel a chwerd g6en6yn : 
Nam gyhud vy mam mab yt (yf 


“” Nout atwon ar vy awen 
Yn hamiot : oun achen ; 
Tri g6yd orio elwic awcn. 


* Llym vympar llachar ygryt. 


Annnaf i wylya6: ryt , 
Kynnyt anghyf du6 gennyt. 


— 


“ 


THE RED BOOK OF HEROEST. 


O diegyd ath welwyf. 
‘Oth ryledir ath g6ynn(yf : 
Na choll wynob g6yr ar gnif. 


Ny chollaf dy wyneb trin wosep 6r. 
Pan wiso gle( yr ystro : 
Porthaf gnif kynn mudif lle. 


Redega6c tonn ar hyt traeth. 
Echadaf torrit aruacth : 
Kat ac ado gna6t ffo ar ffraeth. 


Yssit ym alaunr(yf. 
Dria6 pelydyr parth y b6yf : 
Ny lauaraf na ffowyf. 


Medal migned kalet ri6 
Rac carn cann tal glann a vri6: 
Edewit ni. wnelher nydié. 


CiGasgaraét ncint am gla6d caer. 
A minneu armaaf 
Yag6yt bryt brié kynn techaf. 


Y corn athrodes di vryen : 
Ao arwest cur am y cn: 
Chéyth ynda6é oth da6 aghen 


Yr ergryt aghen rac aghywyr lloegyr. 
Ni lygraf vym ma6red: 
Ny duchunaf rianed, 


Tra vum i yn oer y gas draé. 
A wisc o cur y oltew : 
Bydei re y ruthrén y waeé 


~ 


‘THK RED BOOK OF HERGEST, 


Dihou diwcir dywacs, 
'Ti yn vy6 nth dyst rylns : 
Ny bu cidyl hen yn was. 


G6cn 6rth lawen ydwolas * 
Neithwyr. athuc-ny techas : 
Aer adra6d ar glabd gorlaa 


Géon 6rth lawen yd wylwys neith6yr, 
Ar ysg6yt ar y ysg6yd : 
A chan bu mab ynn bu hywyd. 


Géon 6rth laben yd wyliis 
Neithwyr ar ysg6yt or ygnis ; 
Kan bu mab y mi ny diegia 


G6cn gégyd gochn6d vy mryt. 
Dy leas ys maGr casnar. | 
Nyt car ath lava6r. 


G6on vordwyt tylluras. a wylyas 
Noithwyr. y goror ryt uorlas : 
A chan bu mab ynn ny thechas. 


G6ou géydén dy cissillut, 
Ruth eryr yn ebyr oodut : 
Reton dodwyd dianghut, 


Tonn tyruit toit oruit, 
Tan ant kyvrein y govit : 
G6on gbao ry hon oth etlit. 


” Tonn tyruit toit achos. 
Pan ant kyfvrin y gnos. 
Géen gêao : ry hen ryth gollos. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Oed p6r vy mab oedisgŷen 
Ha6l. ac oed nei y vryen. 
Ar ryt vorlas y llas géen. 


Prennyal dywal gal ysg6n : 
Goruc ar loegyr llu kyndréyn : 
Bed géen uab llywarch hen y6 h6nn. 


Podwar meib arhugeint ambu. 
Eurdorcha6c tywyssaéc llu : 
Oed g6en goreu onadu. 


_ Pedwar mcib arhugeint ambwyat. 
Eurdorcha6c tywyssaéc cat : 
Oed gben goreu mab oedat. 


Pedwar meib arhugeint am byn : 
Eurdorcha6c tywyssaéc vnbynn : 
Y 6rth wen gŷeissyonein oedyn. 


Pedwar meib arhugeint ygkenuein 


Lywarch. o wyr gle6 gal6ytheint : 
T6ll eu dyuot clot trameint. 


Pedwar meib arhugeint aucithyeint 
Vygkna(t lledeseint 
Da dyuot vygcot coll odeint. 


Pan las pyll oed teuyll 
Dri(. a géact ar wallt hyll : 
Ac am d(ylann ffra6 ffrowyll. 


Dichonat ystauell oesgyll - 
Ysg(yda(6r tra vydat yn seuyll : 
A vriwat ar aghat hyll. 


‘THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Dyn dewis ar vy meibon. 
Pan gyrchei bn6p y alon. 
Pyll wynn pOyll tan tr6y luuon. 


Mat dodes ei uordwyt dros obell 
Y orwyd o wug ac obell : 
Pyll pêyll tan tr6y sawel. 


Oed llary lla6 aergre 
Oed aclaé eiluyd oed dinas ar ystre : 
Pyll vyn doet perchyll eude, 


Pan sanei yndrés pebyll 
Y ar orwyd crewyll. 
- Ardelwei o wr wreic pyll. 


Briwyt rac pyll penngloc ffer —* 
Ys odit llywyr yt llecher : 
Yn da6 eidil heb dim digoner. 


Pyll wynn pell cunic y glot. 
Handwyf n6yf yrot oth dyuot : 
Yn vab athara6 atnabot. 


Goreu tridyn y dan nef. 
A werchotwis y hadef. 
Tyll a selyf a sandef. 


Ysg(yt a rodeis y byll. 
Kynnoe gyscu neu bu doll; 
Dimia6 y hada6 ar wall. 


Kyt delei gymry ac elyflu 
O loeger. a llawer o bell tu. 
Dangossei byll b6yll udu. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Na phwyll na mada6c ny bydynt 
Hiroedla6c, or dewaGt y getwynt : 
Rodyn na rodyn kygreir vyt nyserchynt. — 


Llyma yma bed di uei 
Tringar. i veird ys ci yglot : lle nyt elei 
Byll pei pellach parei. 


Macir a mada(c a medel 
Dewrwyr di yssic vrodor : 
Selyf heilin lla6r lliwcr. 


Bed géell yny ri6 velen. 
Bed sawyl yn llan gollen 
G6ercheid6 llamyr b6ch lloryen. 


Bed rud neuscud tywarch 
Nys eiryd g6eryt ammarch : 
Bed llygedwy uab llywarch. 


Pell odyman aber llyw : 
Pellach an d6y gyfedli6 : 
Talan teleisty deigyr hedi6. 


Eryueis i win o gabe. 
Ef aracwan rao reinya(6c : 
Esgyll g6a6r oed waewa(r d6c. 


O diuar gennyf pan ymercheis. 
Nat gantu y diewis : 
Kynnydyuei hael hoedel mis. 


Atwen leueryd kyni 
Pan disgynnei ygkyfyrdy : 
Penn g6r pan g6in 'a dyly. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 
XII. 


MD YM kywarwydynt unhwch 
Dywal baran ygkyol6ch : 
Gêcll yd lad nogyt ydol6ch. 


Dym kyunrwydyat vn h6ch 
Dywal: dywedit yn drés llech. 
Dunabdt uab pabo ny tech. 


Dym kyfuarwydyat vnh6ch dywal 
Chwer6 bléng chwerthin mor ryuel 
Dorblodyat. vryen reget greidia6l gauel. 


Eryr gal vnh(6ch glew hael : 
Ryuel godic budic uael. 

'Vryen greidya6]. gauael 
Eryr gal vnhGch : berchen ena6r : 
Kell llyr kein ebyr g6yr gla6r. 


Penn a borthaf auntu : 
Bu kyrchynat rŷng deulu : 
Mab kynuarch balch bieiuu. 


Penn a borthaf ar vyntu : 
Penn vryen llary llyw ei llu : 
Ac ar y vronn wennvran du. 


Penn a borthaf my(n vygerys : 
Penn vryen llary llywyei llyn. | 
Ac ar y vronn wenvrein ac hya. 


Penn a borthaf ym vedeir. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Yr yr echwyd oed nu geil. 
. Teyrnvron treulyat genniweir. 


Penn a borthaf tu mordwyt. 
Oed ysg(yt ar y wlat : 

Oed olwyn ygkat : 

Oed cledyf cat kywlat réyt. 


Penn a borthaf ar vygkled. 


Géell y vy nogyt yued. 
Oed dinas y henwred. 


Penn a borthaf o godir 
Penabe pellynnya(c y luyd : 
Vryen geirya(c glotryd. 


Penn a borthaf ar vy yegéyd. 
Nym aruellei waratwyd : 
G6ae vy lla6 llad vy argl6yd. 


P'enn a borthaf ar vymbreich. 
_ Neus goruc o dir bryneich : 
. Gedy g6aGr gelora6r vcirch. 


Penn a borthaf yn aghat 
Vy llaf. llary ud llywyci wlat : 
Venn post prydein ryallat. . 


Penn a borthaf am porthes : 
Neut atwon nat yr vylics: 
Géac vy lla6 llym digones. 


Penn a borthaf o du rif. 
Ac y eneu ewyn ri. 
Géaet géae reget o hedi. 


2 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 269 


Ny thyrvis vymbreich rygardwys vy eis, 
Vygeallon neur dorres 
Penn a borthaf am porthes. 


'Y gelein veinwen a oloir hedi6 : 
A dan brid a mein 
Gae vy lla6 llad tat owein. 


Y gelein ueinwen a oloir hedi6. 
Ym plith prid a deré. 
Gae vy lla6 llyd vygkeuynder6. 


Y gelein ueinwen a oloir heno : 
A dan vein ae deGit : 
G6ae vy lla6 llam rym tynghit. 


Y gelein veinwen a oloir heno 
Ym plith prid a thyweirch : 
Géae vy lla llad mab kynuarch. 


Y gelein ueinwenn a oloir hedi6. 
Dan weryt ac arwyd : - 
G6ae vy llaw llad vy argl6yd. u 


Y goloin ucinwen a oloir hedi6. 
A dan brid athywa6t. 
Gwao vy ìla6 llam rym daera6t. 


Y gelein veinwenn a oloir hedií. © 
A dan brid a dynat : “ 
G6ao vy lla6 llam rym gallat, ‘ 


Y goloin veinwenn a oloir hodì6. 
A dan brid a mein glas: ‘ 
Gao vy lla6 llam rym gallas. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Anoeth byd bra6t béyn kynnull 
Am gym buelyn : am drull 
Rebyd uilet regret dull, 


Anoeth byd bra6t héyn kynnwys 
Am gym buelyn amwys : 
Rebyd uilet regethwys, 


Handit euyrdyl aflawen 
Henoeth. a lluossyd amgen : 
Yn aber lleu llad vryen. 


Ys trist eurdyl or drallot 
Heno. ac or llam am daera6t : 
Yn aber lleu llad eu braét. 


Du6 géener géeleis i diuyd 
Ma6r. ar uydina(r bedit : 
Heit heb uodrydaf hubyd. 


Neum rodes i run ryuedlia(r 
Cant heit a chant ysg6yda6r: | 
Ac vn heit oed well pell ma(6r. 


Neum rodes i run réyf yolyd 
Cantref: a chant eidyonyd : 
Ac vn oed well nogyd. 


Ym my6 run rea6dyr dyhed. 
Dyrein enwir eu byded: : 
Heyrn ar veirch enwired. 


Mor vi gog6n vy anaf. 


Argly6 pob un ym hop haf: 
Ny wyr neb neba(t arnaf. - 


‘THK RED NOOK OF HERGKST, © 271 


Mylloi dunagt marcha6o géoin. | 
Erechwyd g6nouthur kelein: | 
Yn erbyn cryssed owein. “ 


P6yllei duna6t vd pressen, 
Erechwyd géncuthur catwen : 
Yn erbyn kyfryssed pasgen. 


P6yllei walla6e marchaGe trin. 
rdyuin: - 
Yn eru elphin. 


P6yllei y mellyrn. 
vy | vy ffyrn ; 
Bleid a uug 1 ebyrn. 


P6yllei uorgant ef ae wyr. 
Vyndihol llosgi vyntymyr : 
Llyc a grauei (rth glegyr. 


P6ylleis i pan las elgno: | 
Ffrowyllei lauyn areidyo : 
Pyll a phebyll oe vro. 


Eilweith géeleis g6edy g6eithyen. 
Ar ysg6yt ar ysg6yd. vryen. 
Bueil yno elgno hen. 


Ar erechwyd ethy6 géallt 
O vra6 marcha(c ysg(eill. 
A uyd uytb uryen arall 


Ys moel vy argléyd ys euras 
GGrth. nys car ketwyr y gas: 
Liiags g6lodic rydreulyas. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Angerd uryen ys agro. 
Gennyf. kyrchynat ympob bro : 
“Yn wysc llouan la6 difro. 


TaGel awel tu hirglyé. 
Odit a uo moledié. 
Nam vryen ken ny di. 


Llawer ki geilic a heba6c 
Wyrennic a lithiwyt ar y lla6r : 
Kynn bu erlleon llawedra(r. 


Yr aelwyt honn ae goglyt ga6r. 
M(6y gordyfnassci ar y lla6r. 
Med a meduon eiria6l. 


Yr aelwyt honn neus kud dyuat. 
Tra vu byw y g(ercheitwat : 


Yr aclwyt honn nous cud glessin. 
Ynu myb owein ac elphin 
Berwassei y pheir breiddin. 


Yr aelwyt honn neus cud kallaédyr ll6yt 
M(y gordyfnassei am y byt : 
Cledyfual dyual diarswyt. 


Yr aelwyt honn neus cud kein vieri. 
Coet : kynneua(c oed idi : 


Yr aelwyt honn neus cud drein : 
M6y gordyfnassei y chyngrein : 
Kyméynas kyweithas owein. 


TUK RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Yn llongborth g6elcis drydar, 
Ao elora(r yy géyar. 
A g6yr rud rao ruthur esgar, 


Yn llongborth gécleis i wytheínt. 
Ac cloraér m6y no meint. 
A g6yr rud rac ruthur gereint, 


Yn llongborth gucleis i. waetfreu. 
Ac eloraGr rac arueu : 
A g6yr rud rac ruthur agheu. 


Yn llongborth g6eleis. i ottew. 
Gyr ny gyllynt rac ofyn g6ae6 : 
Ac yuet géin o wydyr gloew. 


Yn llongborth géeleis i vygedorth. 
A g6yr yn gode amhorth : 
A goruot géedy gorborth. 


Yn llongborth g(eleis gymynat : 
- Porthit gnif bob kyminat. 


Yn llongborth géeleis drablud. 





274 


Cel. 1042. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Oed6li dywal galanas: 
G(nma6n weithret yor kyt bydén gas, 


Maenwynn medyr di yngall : 
Anghen kyssucil ar wall : 
Keissyet uaclg6n uaer arall. 


Vyndewis y gyfran ac gacn 
Arna§: ym llym megys draen : 
Nyt ouer gnif ym hogi maen. 


Anrec rym gallat o dyfryn : 
Mewyrnya(n ygkud yghel6rn : 
Haearn llym llaes o d6rn. 


Boet bendigeit yr aghysbell 
Wrach : a dywa6t o drés y chell : 
Maenwynn nac ada( dy gyllell, 


XIV. 


ED? A NET anet gereint oed. agoret 
Pyrth nef rodei grist a archet : 


" Pryt mirein pridein ogonet. 


Molet pa6b y rud ereint. 
Argl6yd molaf inneu ereint. 


Rac gereint glyn dihat. 
G6eleis y veirch kymrud o gat: 
A g6edy ga6r gar6 béyllat. 


Rac gereint gelyn kythrud. 
G6eleis y veirch dan gymryd 


A g6edy ga6r gar6 achlud. 


| 





A g6yr rud rac ruthur gereint, 


Yn llongborth gueleis .i. waetfreu. 
Ac elora6r rac arueu : 
A g6yr rud rac ruthur agheu. 


Yn llongborth g(eleis. i, ottew. 
G6yr ny gyllynt rac ofyn géacé : 
Ac yuet géin o wydyr gloew. 


Yn llongborth g6eleis i vygedorth. 
A g6yr yn gode amhorth : 
A goruot géedy gorborth. 


Yn llongborth g6eleis gymynat : 


- Porthit gnif bob kyminat. 


Yn llongborth g6eleis drablud. 
Er uein brein ar golud : 


Ac argrann kynran manrud. 
Yn llongborth g6eleis i brithret, 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Yn llongborth y llas gereint. 


G6r de(r o godir dyfneint : 
Wyntwy yn llad gyt as ledeint. 


' Yn llongborth llas y arthur. 


G6yr deér kymmynynt o dur: 
Amhera6dyr llywya6dyr llauur. 


Oed ro redcint dan uordwyt 
Gereint. garhiryon gragn hyd : 
Ruthur godcith ar diffeith vynyd. 


Ood ro redeint dan uordwyt 
Gereint. garhiryon gra6n ode6: 
Rudyon ruthur eryron glcé. 


Oed re redeint dan uordwyt 
Gereint. garhiryon gra6n wchin : 
Rudyon ruthur cryron g6ynn. 


Oed ro redeint dan uordwyt. 
Gcrcint. garhiryon graŷn wcnith : 
Rudyon ruthur cryron brith. 


Oed ro redeint dan uordwyt 
Gereint. garhiryon graŷn adas : 


Rudyon ruthur cryron glas. 


Oed ro redcint dan uordwyt 
Gereint. garhiryon gra6n uoloch : 
Rudyon ruthur eryron coch. 


Oed ro redeint dan uordwyt 


Col, 1048, 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Gereint. garhiryon grain eu b6yt : 
Rudyon ruthur eryron ll6yt. 


Oed re redeint dan uordwyt. 
Gereint, garhiryon gra6n uagu : 
Rudyon rathur eryron du. 


Oed re redeint dan uordwyt. 


Gercint, garhiryon graén anchwant : 
Bla6r blaon eura6n yn aryant. 


Xv. 


TEarwantaGy kynnoedyuot. 

Ae goruc un digonot, 

Pedeir priſgat ar doo u 
Am brifdee brydein. 

A thrugein kyuaruot. 


etuvest catwalln6n ar geint, 
Lloegyr ardros aries ctnoint: 
Lla6 dill6ng ellong oed vreint. 


Lluest gatwalla6n ar ydon. 
Auar anwar y6 alon ; 
Llo6 lluydda6c ar saosson. 


Lluest gatwalla6n glotryd. 
Ygg6arthaf digoll uynyd : 
Soith mis a seith gat beunyd. 


Lluest gatwalla6n ar hafren, 
Ao or tu dra6 y dygen. 
Abroioit yn llosgi meigon. 


THE RED ROOK OF HEROEST. 


Llucst yatwallagn ar wy. 
Merannod wedy mord6y : 
A diliuat kat kyìch(y. 


Lluest gatwalln6n ar ífynna6n 
Uctwyr. rac milwyr magei da6n : 
Dangossci gynon yno haern da6n. 


Llucst gatwalla6n ar daf. 
Ys lluosa(c y géclaf. 
Kywrennin vreise naf. 


Llucst gatwalla6n ar dawy. 
Lleidyat adaf yn nly : 
Clotryd keissydyd kest6y. 


Lluest gatwalla6n tra chaer. 
Kaeu bydin a channwr tacr : 
Kan kat a thorri can kaer, 


Lluest gatwalla6n ar gowyn. 
Lla6 lludedic ar awyn : 
G6yr lloegryr Ìluosa6c eu k6yn. 


Lluest gatwalla6n heno ; 
Trathir yn tymyr pennvro, 
Am na6d uaér anha6d yffo, 


Lluest gatwalla6n ar deiui. 
Kymysgoi wact a heli : 
Angerd géyned g6y ny gei. 


Lluest gatwalla6n ar dufyrd aun. 
G6naeth eryron yn lla6n. 
G6edy trin dyuineu dafn. 


Col, 1044, 


THE RED NOOK OF HERGEST, - i” at 


Lluest gntwnlla6n vym bra6t, | 


Ygg6erthouin bro dunaét ; 
'Y war annwar yn ffossa6t. | 


Lluest gatwallaén ar uenin. 
TJe6 Iuosabe y werin. 
'T6r6f ma6r trachas y ordín. 


O gyssul eatraÔn ac anghyfyn6n 
Vonoich dillyd d6fyr offymna(n ; 
‘Tru trém dyd am gatwalla6n. 


Gisg6ys coet kein dudet — 
Hat. dybryssit g6yth 6rth dyghot, 
Kyuoruydoin ny am eluet. 


XVI. ‘ 
Syxbou allann vorynnyon a syll6ch werydre 


Gyndylan : Nys bunn gborn neut tande : 
Gao ioucinc a cidun brotre. 


Vu pronn a gouit 
Avnaé6 arno odieino ys odit : 
Ac auynno du6 dorffìt. 


Kynndylan callon iaen 
Gaeaf : awant térch tréy y benn 
Tu a rodcist yr t6r6f trenn. 


Kynndylan callon godeith 
Wannwyn. o gyfiéyn amgyuyeith. 
Yn amyn tren tref diffeith. 


Kyndylan befyr bost kywlat. 


THE RED ROOK OF HERGEST. 


Kad6yna6c kildynnya(c cat. 
Amuscei tren tref y dat. 


Kyndylan beuyr béyll o vri. 


Kad6yna6c kynndynnya(6c llu : 
A mucsei tren hyt tra vu. 


Kyndylan callon milgi 


Pan disgynnei ygkymelri. 
Cat: calaned a ladei. 


Kynndylan callon heba6c 
Buteir ennwir gynndeiryvabe. 
Keneu kyndréyn kyndynnya6o. 


Kyndylan callon g6ythhwch. 
Pan disgynnei ymprifféch 
Cat. kalaned yn deudréch. 


Kyndylan gulhéch gynnifiat 
Lle6. blei dilin disgynnyat : 
Nyt atuer térch tref y dat. 


Kyndylan hyt tra attat 
Yd adei. y gallon mor wylat : 


Gantaé mal y g6réf y gat. 


Ryndylan powys borffor. 
Wych yt: kell esbyt bywyt ior : 
Keneu kyndréyn kéynitor. 


Kyndylan wynn uab kyndréyn : 
Ny mat wisc baraf am y dréyn : 
G6r ny bo g6ell no morwyn. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 2] 


Kyndylan kym6yat 6yt : 
Ar meithyd nabydy l6yt: - 
Am dreb6ll t6ll dy ysg6yt. 


Kynndylan kae di y rié. 
Yn y da6 lloegyrwys hediw : * 
Amgeled am vu uydi6. 


Kyndylan kae dì. y nenn. 


Yn y da6 lloegyrwys dr6y dren : 
Ny elwir coet o vu prenn. 


Gan vygeallon .i. mor dru. 
Kyssylltu ystyllot du : 
G6ynngua6t kyndylan kyngran canllu. 


Stauell gyndylan ys tywyll 
Heno heb dan heb wely : 
Wylaf wers. tawaf wedy. 


Stauell gyndylan ystywyll 
Heno. heb dan heb gannwyll: 
Namyn du6 p6y am dyry p6yll. . 


Stauell gyndylan ystywyll 
Heno. heb dan heb oleuat : 
Elit amda6 am danat. 


Stauell gyndylan ystywyll 
Y nenn. g6edy g6en gyweithyd: | 
G6ae ny wna da ae dyuyd. 


Stauell gyndylan neut athwyt 
Heb wed. mae yn bod dy ysc6yt 
Hyt tra un ny bu doll giéyt. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Stauell gyndylan ys digaryat 
Heno, g6edy yr neb pieunt : 
Owi a anghen byrr ym gat. 


Stauell gyndylan nyt esm(6yth 
Heno, ar benn carrec hytwyth : 
Heb ner. heb niuer, heb am¢yth. 


Stauell gyndylan ystywyll 
Heno. heb dan heb gerdeu : 


Dygystud deurud dagreu, 


Stauell gyndylan ystywyll 
Heno. heb deulu : 
Hidyl meu yt gynnu. 


Stauell gyndylan amgbau 
Y géelet. heb doet heb dan : 
Mar vy gly6. bu6 mu hunan. 


Stauell gyndylan yspeithwac. 
Heno. g6edy ketwyr uoda(c : 
Eluan kyndylan kaea(6c. 


Stauell gyndylan ysoergrei 


Heno. g9edy y parch am buei : 
Heb wyr heb wraged ae katwei. 


Stauell gyndylan ys araf 
Heno. g6edy colli y hynaf : 
Y ma6r druga6c du6 pawnaf. 


Stauell gyndylan ystywyll 
Y nenn g6edy dyua o loegyrwys : 
Kyndylan ac eluan powys. 


‘THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST, 


Stauell gyndylan ystywyll 
Heno. o blant kyndrwyn : 
Kynon a géiain a gíyn. 


Stauell kyndylan am erwan. 


Pob awr g6edy maér ymgynyrdan : 
A weleis ar dy benntan. 


Eryr eli ban y lef. 
Llewssei g6yr llynn : 
Creu eallon kyndylan wynn. 


Eryr eli gorelwi 
Heno y g6aet g6yr gwynn novi : 
Ef y goet trém hoet ymi. 


Eryr eli a glywaf 
Heno, creulyt y6 nys beidyaf : 
Ef y goet térém hoet arnaf. 


Eryr eli gorthryniet. 
Heno. diffrynt meissir mygeda6o 
Dir brochuael hir rygodet. 


Eryr eli echeid6 myr. 
Ny threid pysca6t yn ebyr. 
Gel6it g6elit owaet gwyr. 


Eryr eli gorymda 
Coet. kyuore kinya6a : 
Ae lla6ch ll6ydit y draba. 


Eryr penng6ern penngarn 
Ll6yt. aruchel y atleis. 
Eidic amgic. - 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Eryr penng6ern penngarn 
Ligyt. aruchel y euan. 
Eidic amgic kyndylan. 


Eryr penngGern pengarn 
Ll6yt. aruchel y adaf 


Eidic amgic a garaf. 


Eryr penngwern pell galwaét 
Heno. ar waet goyr géylat : 
Rygelwir trenn tref difa6t. 


Eryr penngéern pell gelwit 
Heno. ar waet g6yr g6elit : 
Rygelwir trenn tref lethrit. 


Egl6ysseu bassa y orffowys 
 Mono, y diwed ymgynn(ys. 
Cledyr kat callon argoetwys. 


EylGysscu bassa ynt ffaeth 
l[eno. vyntaua(t ac gŷnaeth : 
Rud ynt 6y rwy vy hiracth, 


Egléyasen bassa ynt yng 
Ileno. y ctiued kyndréyn : 
Tir mablan kyndylan wynn. 


Kgl6ymcu bassa ynt tirion 
lIeno. y génacth cu meillyon : 
Rud ynt 6y. réy vyngcallon. 


EglGysecu basea collassant 


Eu breint. géedy y diua o loegyrwys : 
Kyndylan ac cluan powys. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 285 


Egl6ysseu bassa ynt diua 
Heno. y chetwyr ny phara : 
G6yr awyr ami yma. 


Egl6ysseu bassa ynt baruar 
Heno. a minneu 6yf dyar : 


Rud ynt Gy r6y vyggalar. . 


Y dref wenn ymbronn y coet, 
Ys ef y6 y hefras eiryoet : 
Ar wyneb y gŷellt y géaet. 


Y dref wenn yn yt hymyr 
Y hefras, y glas vyuyr : 
Y gwnet a dan draet y géyr. 


Y drof wonn yn y dyffrynt 
Llawen y bydeir. (rth gyuanrud, 
Kat: yg6erin neurderynt, 


Y drof wonn réng trenn athrodwyd. 
Ood gnodach ysg6yt. 
Tonn : yn dyuot o gat no gyt ych y echwyd. 


Y drof wonn réng tronn athraual. 
Ood gnodach y gauct: ar 
Wynob g6cllt noo erodio brynar, 


GGynn y byt frouor mor y6 diheint, 
Hono géody colli kouncint : 
O anffa6t vyntaua6t yt lesseint, 


Gwynn y byt froucr mor y6 géann 
Hono. g6edy aghou eluan : 
Ao oryr kyndríyn kyndylan. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Nyt anghou freucr. am do 
Heno am damorth brodyrde. 
Duhunaf wylaf uore. 


Nyt angheu ffrenr am g6na heint 
O dechreu nos hyt dewcint : 
Duhunaf wylaf bylgeint. 


N yt angheu ffreucr amtremyn 
lleno. ain y6na grydycu molyn : 
A chocheu dagreu dros orchéyn. 


Nyt angheu ffroucr acrniwaf 
Heno. namyn myhun: ny wanglaf. 
Vymbrodyr ain tymyr ag6ynaf. 


Ffreuer wenn brodyr athuncth. 
Ny hannoedynt ordiffacth. 
Wyr ny ucgynt vygylyacth. 


Ffreuer wenn brodyr athuu.' 
Pann glywynt gy6renin llu ; 
Ny echyuydei ffyd ganthu, 


Mi affreuer a medlan. 
Kyt yt uo cat ympob mann. 
Nyn ta6r ny ladaGr an rann. 


Y mynyd kyt at uo vch. 
Nyt eidigafaf ydéyn vymbuch : 
Ys yagaén gan rei vy ruch, 


Amhaual ar auaer(y. 
Yda atren yny trydon(y : 
Ac yd a atérch ym marchn(y. 





Rym goruc yn uodw uod bryum. 


Kynn bu vygkylchet 

Croen nou gauyr galet. 
Kolyngar y Millen : 
Rymgoruo y uod6 uod trenn. 


G6ody vymbrodyr o dymyr hafren, 
Y am d6ylan d6yry6 : 
Géno vi du6 vy mot yn vy$. 


G6ody meirch hywod a chochwed. 
Dillat. a phl6a6r melyn : 
‘Moin uygooos nyinocs du dedyn, 


Gwarthoo edeirnya6n ny buant 
Gordounin. a chord nob nyt aethant 
Ym Vu6. gorwynnyonn g6yr o uchu 


Gwarthoo odoirnya6n ny buant 
Gerdunin. a chant nob ny cherdyn 
Yim by6 goréynnyon gôr 


TUR RED BOOK OF IJERGEST. 


Hedi6 ; bydei bann y dysgyr 
Hi gyna diua y gyr. 


Tywarchen ercal ar erdywal 
Wyr. o etined moryal : 
A g6edy rys macrysinal. 


Heled hGyedic ym gelwir. 
O du6 padié yth rudir : 
Meirch vym bro ac eu tir. 


Holed héyedic am kyueirch. 
O dué padi6 yth rodir gurumseirch. 
Kyndylan ae bedwar dogmeirch. 


Neur sylleis elygon ar dirion 
Dir. o orsed orwynnyon : 
Hir h6yl heul h6y vygheuyon. 


Neur llysseis o dinllo 
Ureconn ffreuer werydre. 
Hiraeth amdamorth vrodyrie. 


Marcha(6c o gaer a danaf, 
Nyt ocd hyr a g6ynnyon : 


Gor o sanneir. 


Llas vymbrodyr ar vnweith. 


Kynan kynndylan kynnwreith : 
Yn am(yn tren tref diffeith. 


Ny sangei wehelyth ar nyth 
Kyndylan. nythechei droetuod vyth 


Ny uagas y uam uab llyth. 


[ 





JUV rugui. VY BILE BO goruo: 
Ny obrynynt ffa6 yr ffuo. 


Tenou awel tew lletkynt 
Pereid y rycheu. ny phara 
Ae goreu : ar auu uat ydynt. 


As clywo a du( a dyn. 
As clywo y ieueino a hyn: 
Meuyl barueu madeu hedyn. 


Ym by¢ ehedyn ehedyei. 
Dillat yn aros g6aed bei : 
Ar glas vereu naf n(yfei. 


Ryuedaf dincleir nadi6 
Yn ol kilyd keluyd cly6: 
Ygg(all tírch torri cneu knyé. 


Ny Gy ae ny(l ae moo 
Ae ketwyr yn kyuam(c : 
Y géeirglaéd aer yssyd dréc. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Atwen dy ystle o gat : 
Gna6t man ar gran kyniuiat. 


Kym6ed ognaé lla6 hael : 
Mab kynndylan clot auael : 


Dywed6(r kynndr6ynin caranmael. 


Oed dihcid ac oed. 
Oed diholedic. tref tat 
A geissywys. caranmael yn ynat. 


Karanmael kymwed ognaf. 
Mab kyndylan clot arlla6 ; 
Nyt ynat kyt mynnat o honaf. 


Pan wisgei garanmael. gatpeis kynndylan 
A phyrydyaé y onnen. 
Ny chaffei ffranc tranc oe benn. 


Amser y bum bras v(yt. 
Nydyrchaf6ŷn vy mord6(yt : 
Yr gŷr a g6ynei claf gornGyt. 


Brodyr ambéyat inneu : 
Nysc(6ynei gleuyt cornn(ydeu : 
Vn eluan kyndylan deu 


Ny mat wisc briger. nyw dirper 
O Gr yn dirua(r gywryssed : 
Nyt oed leua6r vymbroder. 


Onyt rac agheu ac aeleu 
Mar. a gloes glas uereu : 
Ny bydaf leua(r inneu. 


'THR RED BOOK OF HERGEST, 201 


Maes maodyn neus cud re6. 
O diua da y ode6 : 
Âr ued eirinued eiry tew, 


Tom elwithan neus g6lych gla6. 
Maes maodyn y danaé: 3 
Dylyei gynon y g6yna6. c 


Pedwar pénn broder am bu. 
Ac y bob un pennteulu : 
Ny wyr tren perchen ydu. 


Pedwar p6nn broder am buant. 
Ac y bop un goréyf néyvant : 
Ny wyr tren perchen kugant, 


Pedwar p6n terwyn o adwyn. 
Vrodyr am buant o gyndríyn : 
Nyt oes y drenn berchen m6yn. 


Gosgo yghot adot arnat. 
. Nyt Gyt bylgeint gyuot : 
Neum géant ysg6r o gérr dy got. 


Gosgo di yghot a thech. 
Nyt (yt ymadra6d dibech : 
Nyt g6i6 clein yth grein y grech. 


XVIL 
Oat 1040. GS OGY gogyfercheis. gogyfarchaf gogyfuerchyd ; 
Vrien reget dywallouyet y le6enyd. 
Eur ac aryant mor eudiuant eudihenyd. 
Kyn noo y da6 rong y díyla6 y g6esgeryd. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


' Jeuaf awnacth coll ac alacth am veirch ponnyd. 


Keneu y bra6t : kynnindacra6t. ny bugoluyd, 
Vricn awnacth. dialynacth. y powilyd. 
Kynin vynnu. kyuarchwclu eudihenyd, 
Deutu acruen. diffŷys dilen ; dyda6 luyd, 
Scleu delyit. cnnynnycssit. or a dybyd, 
Dybi y uaeth. aryd achacth. oceu herwyd. 
Cochli( lafneu. tr6y ualch ciryou am ffr6yth ou g6yd. 
Wy kynnhalyant. llc pelwar cant. y pedwar g6yr. 
Dŷfyr diyunas. bendig6yf claf clas. oc eu herwyd. 
Yr ac kaffo kynuina6l vo, yn dragywyd. 

Dydaé collet. or ymdiryct. yr ardolyd. 

Allag heb ua6t. allauyn ar gnaét. athlat luyd. 
Oes ucibioncin. nyt ymgyghein ymmerweryd, 
Nyt ymganret. nyt ymdirct neb oo gilyd, 

Dreic o wyned. diffwys dired dirion dreuyd. 
Lloegyrwys yd aa, lleta6t yna. y hatchetlyd. 
Torrit meinweith. yn anolcith or gyfhergyr. 

M(6y a gollir. noc a geffir. o wyndodyd. 

O gyt gyghor. kyfrŷng cscor, mor a mynyd, 
Kyuyt ogud. gêr auyd bud. ywyndodyd. 

Gorffit brythyon yn atporion ar antyrron gyécthyd. 
Ef adn6 byt. ny byd kerdglyt. ny byd keluyd. 
Alaf gar maer. artha6c uyd chwacr. 6rth y gilyd. 
Llad a_bodi. o olori. hyt chéiluynyd. 

Vn goruudia6c, antrugaraée. ef a oruyd, 

Bychan y lu. yn ymchwelu or mcercherdyd, 

Arth or deheu. kyuyt ynteu dychyucruyd. 
Lloegyrwys lledi. af riucdi. o bowyssyd. 

G6cith cors uochno. o diangho. byda6t detwyd. 
Deudeng wraged. ac nyt ryued. am vn g6r vyd. 
Oes ieuengtit aghyfyrdelit. y uacth dybyd. 

Beré ymdifant. barna6c or cant. nys rywelyd 
Vryen o reget, hacl ef yssyd ac auyd. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Ao a vu yr adaf. 

Llotaf y glod. balch ygkynted 

Or tri thoyrn ar doo or goglod . 

A nn ou hon6. aneirin g6a6tryd a6enyd. 
Minneu dalyessin o ia6n llyn geiríonnyd. 
Ny dalywyf yn hon. 

Ym dygyn aghen. 

O ny mol(yf i vryen. Amon. 


XVIII. 


GW) AL rot yn troi tramh6eilyeu 
Tralla6t meth tra chymell tretheu. 
TraGs arovyn dreio mynn6yn mynneu ; 
Trin engyrth am byrth am borthuaeu. 
A g6on6yn riou gan riou. 

Gna6t glutuan freinc douan diuieu, 

Ac am g6yn ricin ryueleu 

A vyd; a diffeith eluyd hob a elwydeu. 
Ac allwod rufoin gan réyucu. 

Ao allmyn heb allel kyrcheu. 

A gíynvyt géyndyt yn géan yr deheu. 
A gGander scis oo inseilou. 

A ll6gyr meith am gyfreitheu. 





Cel 1061. 


~ 


THE RED BOOK OF HEROEST. 


XIX. 
CY) 0cup»6 byt yngryt yngredyf carant. 


Mochda6 mynych dorr or t6rnceimant. 
Mochdaé réng sacsson russyant 
Ymdrychu. a dibarch gladu aguassant. 
Mochdaé g6yr mana6 yr mynnu molyant. 
Ar gogled dyhed diheu y g6nant. 
Mochuyd yin prydein pryder achwant. 
Ac am deutu lloegyr llafar yt g6ynant. 
Am lithra6 mab henri anryucdant. 
Meint uyd yg6nscar yr ysgrydyant, 
Ysgein dros uorocd rif toruoed taruant, 
T6r6f am y teruyn traha ny barchant. 
Ami disgoganaf esgut lefant. 

GGirion ual goua6c a gymynant 

Ma(r trachwres llynghes lloegyr a gyrchant. 
Lluoed afictncis treis agcissant. 

Am gyhoed tyr ocd tacr ystyngant. 

Y tyreu kadarn yn wann y gonant. 

Am dal tyrua y t(rneimant. 

Am gynghaés undyd rif myrd a syrthyant. 
Am voroed kyhoed y kymynant. 

O honaé disgoganaf na hilia plant. 

Ac nyt mi ao kel nys treulant. 

Oesuot adyuyd douyd ac diuant 
Brythyon ae treula penna vydant. 
Brithuyt a dybyd o dicter karant. 

A seif byd lawen pan ygGelant. 

Dygogan tyfyrru erymos tra bytha6t. 


XX. 


IELYNGEES von dirion dircidi 
Llesteir creu trost réyneu trosti. 





— — —— + 


— ⸗ 


— — 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. , 29 


Llan6 m6 ani gonéy amgyui. 

Llithra6t g6yr eryr eryri. 

Dywres amser teskynn tewi. 

Di ryuic kymry rac kamm6ri. 

Dreic darogan uab henri. 

Dl6ydyn y eruyn kynn torvi. 

Bleid kedyrn kadarn y westi. 

G6csti byt koel ennyt keli. 

G6nstat g6lnt g6ledic normandi. 

Gést prydein pryder oo oni. 

Gvastatuot ual rot yntroi. 

Tonn beird pob eluyd oth hen o vynnon. 
Mi ath ogynarchaf ar aréydon. 

Py vynych gymh6ylly vabon. 

Mabon knredic y gyweithyns. 

Goruchel awen ar weilgi las. 

Mabon oed brythyon pandelon y6 hurdas. 
Ac owein auyd ryd réyf teyrnas. 

Obr coch ygeochwed gorawen. g6yned. 
GGreid hyn hil moruyn mur teyrned 
Caranna6c uabon ymbronn géaret. 
Kyuarwyd y6 du6 ymdamunot. 

Allmyn argythwyn gochwed dyghet. 
Breoled dachwed gyrded gerthet. 

Rygas pob rywir bydaét dir dyuot. 

GGyr merweryd am dreuyd yn ymdrauot. 
Rudyon galaned lain dyhed heided a diheu eubot. 
Pob kof pob kyfnot pob gér pob goruot. 
Crist amrodes ymlles ym ll(yr wybot. 
Lloegyrwys anghymm(ys yn aghyminot. 
Llefferthin werin aindrin drauot. 


296 THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


XXI 


Cel. 1061. «“ RIST iessullwyr uedu lleuuer 
Crista6n iaGn goga6n gan ucher. 
Crist keli yr peri prudder 
Vy mardavt tractha6t tracthatter, 
Vy meirdyon bru senhyon synhyer. 
Vy marteir curgadeir catwer. 
Vygkerdeu uch llyfreu lloer. 
Ll6r6 ganon o gano y pader, 

Orct ydué oduu uy omniod, | 
Cret oc blas nyth gyffro masswod, 
Cret ydiodef du6 g6oncr. 

Ae gyuot y oruot ar niuer. 

O gytuon teyrnon téréf glywher. 
O gytuot rin animot rosser. 
Saesson dyvryssyon kynngGander. 
Ardaloed llu kyhoed kGyner. 
Didefuyd maclenyd malucher. 
Digyfreith heb gyfreith heb gaer. 
Am uael dir y clywir hir acr. 

Am lann géyrann ov6y ruduer 
Am buellt teruyn t6r6f ucher. 
Taryf ar uaryf o uarwa(l lyfyrder. 
Am aber kammarch y kyfuarcher. 
Llyw llewenyd y niuer 

Yna yt vyd prydyd heb pryder. 

O brydyat gobennyat gloe6 der. 

O prifieith penyt weith pader. 

O bris parch pan yth gyuarcher. 
Orch6ch y douyd o dyuynder. 
Ardunyant llŷydyant uch lleuuer. 


Dur ar loegyr a lwgyr y pader. 
Ae gar ae vanyar ae vaner. 


‘THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. © 


Gôr o gud para6chrud wythuer 
Adaé, ytywya6 y la6er. 

H6 un abeir dechryn pan dechreuer. 
Torr terwyn réyd du6 gbener. 

Dué g6cner cocler nat kelwyd, 
Kilya6d scis ocdreis dros eluyd. 
Am aber kammarch amharch. 
Marchd6r6f ga6r llafna6r alluyd 
Allumman aela6 heb gelwyd. 
Alleith dreic dragon y gilyd, 
Lloegyrwys ar géynuan géann byd. 
G6yr yggryt c6ynyt emennyd. 
Gôr or loegyr a légyr ygreuyd. 
Ada6 y lywya6 y luyd. 

H6nn abeir dechreu dech vyd. 
Ynhir am y tir y deruyd. 

G6n6r peuncs aflonyd. 

Kyuogyat kymynyat am uedyd. 
Byt dyd6ra6t adro da6n ywa6tryd. 
Y weithret yt glywet let eluyd. 

Y gyrrif adyrrif ny deruyd. 

Y radeu dréy dedueu aderllyd. 
Darllydon kar6n kaer leriyd. 

Rac llef du6 did¢yll gerennyd. 

Hyt pan vom ynhir ynher6yd. 
Gleindit ynrydit rac esplyd. 

Aela6 gan vy reen rodyon bedyd. 
Erch6ch drugared rac dyhed defuyd. 


SAM uuell teruyn t(r(f adodi. 
Toruoed llu kyhoed kéyn oi yssi. 

Ar ell6ng redet rodyeu henri 

Angklaer. henn * kaer kyuarch trenghi. 


* This word is indistinet, 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


. Kynuerth oli® alun teruysgi. 

 G6as gar ac amhar ac amharch drosti. 
Kytlauan dywan ban y hatrodi 
AdraGd y chollet gall gallet uy elli. 
O gyfranc bar6n byrr y gyweithi : 
Atuyd kelein wenn heb penn heb perthi. 
Atuyd meirch géeilyd g6ael eudiffodi. 
Agolwc digu ar wyr tu keri. 

A diaspat van agGan a gbeidi. 

Ac och ympob tori® ac atef* tyuoni.* 
Escut gymry plant galwant agdewi.® 
Agar tagneued trugared tréydi.® 


G LASSA6N argoedyd kedymdeith. 
Gloessedic c6yndic amchweith. 
Gloesson cur kefyon kyfarweith. 
Kywcrlyn hoedyl dyn adiffeith 
Kedyrn loegyr yn llygru kyfreith. 
Kyfrych6n g6el6n eu goleith. 
Duundeb saesson ysse( nossweith, 
Di boned arwled eu medweith 
Aruollyein heb getwein gytweith. 
A dorrirn(rth derwyn dyleith. 
Bar(neit byrr hoyd eukyweith 
A llyw pa dyr géyned géannareith 
AdraGd lludet kaéd kanhymdeith. 
Edrych awelych wael anreith. 
Amgyuyrdan kyflauan eilweith. 
Dywygir or mynnir milreith. 
Bratdyhed o gonimed gobeith. 
Dyd6yn dyn att du(6 yn vnweith. 
Goludant lluoed lla6n ymdeith. 
G6rd ha6l6r yn holi affeith. 

9 These words are indistinct. 


‘THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 
Gr alas olesteir dichweith. 
Giryon géir dileir dyleith. 
Géaratwyd gan dué d6yn y leith. 
G6areda6r yn yr dewrwyr degweith. 
Bodla6n du6 pan deruyn pob ieith. 
Iechyt rann penyt poen geith. 
Poet ef an rodo rann gobeith. 
Diwed trugared tr6y gyfreith. 


XXII. 


Col, 1088. GMOR y$ gnel gbelet. 

_ Kynn(ryf kynniret. 
Bratheu a brythuet. 
Brithwyr ar gerdet. 
Ac orda6t galet. 
Ar ard6y dynghet. 
Ac yr du6 dywet. 
Y dywan gollet. 
Mab uy mat anct. 
Mabineid dynghet. 
AnghenaGd ageret. 
Anghen6ri gywet. 
Lloegrwys ae dywet. 
Och rac anghyffret. 
Hyt ympenn y seithuet. 
Or kalan kalet. 
Géir y da6 géaret. 
Dréyrdyn damunet. 
G6ynvryn géarthaet. 
G6yned y drydet. 
Kymry vn gyffret. 
Eu llu alluchet. 
Coeluein eu géaret. 
G6ira6t keuda6t ket. 





THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


G6aranr(y reget. 

Rann gan ogonct. 
Gogonct an rann 

Am rodcs réyfuan. 
Am bu bard datcann. 
At gigleu gamlan. 
Atwelir griduan. 

Ac amv6yn k6ynuan. | 
A chynhon druan. 

A chynnyd maban. 
Katwer yn vychan, 
Kadoed awclan. 
Kynnyd kadarnvan. 
Cur llauur lluman. 
Llumangoch g6nn vot. 
Lleith eu oruot. 
Arwyd eu dyuot. 
Acrwyr eryrot. 
Aweryr eu clot. 

Eu cled cleu ragot. 
Rngof rinwedeu. 

Rann gan gynn angheu. 
Dyd gécinyd géact creu. 
Dyd keryd kacreu. 

Ef a dag ual diheu. 
Aches lyghesseu. 

Ar treth na threthou. 
Ny lluyd na s6ydeu. 
G6ann diblan dadleu. 
Gan réfan réyfucu. 
Yeir bit groirou 

O von hyt vynnou. 
Oret y du6 bué budyeu. 
Am byd ryd radou. 


AALLL 


Col, 1084. ED RIF gyuarch goluyd pan ryleat, 
P6y kynt ac tywyll ao golouat, 

Neu adaf pan bu pa dyd, y oroat. 
Nou y dan tytwot. py yr y seilyat. 
A uo lleion nys myn p(yllat. 

e Est gui peccator am niuereit. 
Collant gélat neféy pl6yf offeireireit. 
Doreu cb ni dol, 
Or ganont toir pel 
Eingyl gallwydel. 
G6naont cu ryuol, 
Pan daé nos adyd. 
Pan uyd ll6yd eryr. 
Pannyb tyuyll nos. 
Pan y6 g6yrd llinos 
Mor. pan dyueréyd 
Cod anys géclyd. 
Yssit teir ffynnagn. 
Y mynyd fynwn. 
Yssit gaer gartha6n. . 


A dan donn cigaén. 





THE RED NOOK OF HERGEST, 


Poy tewet y llenn. 

PCy llet y genew 

P6y meint onnoinheu. 
Neu ulaen g6yd ffnli6m. 
Py cst6ng mor grém. 

Neu pet anat uon. 

Yssyd yn cubon. 

Neu leu a g6ydyon. 

A uuant geluydyon. 

Nou awdant lyfyryon. 
Pan wnant 

Pan da6 nos a lliant. 

Pan vyd y diuant. 

C6 anos rac dyd. 

Pan da6 naswclyd 

Pater noster ambulo. 
Gentis tonans in adiuuando. 
Sibilem signum 

Rogantes fortium. 

Am g(i0 g6i6 nm g6myd. 
Am geissant deu geluyd. 
Am kaer kerindan kerindyd. 
Ry tynneirch pector dauyd. 
Y mwynant ys cwant. 
Ym kaff6ynt yn dirdan. 
Kymry yggriduan. 
Prouator encit. 

Rac léyth eissyffleit. 
Kymry prif diryeit. 

Rann rygoll béyeit. 
G6aed hir ucheneit. 
Asgtyar honneit. 
Dydoent géarthuor. 
G6ydueirch dy aruor. 





Rac flichit lowon. 

Marini brython. 

Rydaroganon. 

A medi heon. 

Am hafron auon. 

Lindyr ffadyr kenn amass6y, 
Ffis amala, ffur. ffir. sel. 
Dyruedi trinct tramoed. 
Crea6dyr orohai. 

Huni gentil dichmai 

Gospell. codigni 

Cota gosgord mur 

Cornu ameni dur. 

Neu bum gan wyr keluydon. 
Gan uathheu gan gouannon. 
Gan cunyd gan elestron. 

Ry ganhymdeith achwysson. 
Bl6ydyn ygkaor gofannon. u 
Wyf hon wyf newyd (yf g¢ion. 
6yf ll6yr. Gyf synn6yr keinyon. 
Dy goui dyhen vrython. 
G6ydyl ky! diaerogyon. 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Adeuhont véch medlestri. 

A ganhont gam uardoni. 

A geissent gyfuarés nys deubi. 

Heb gyfreith heb reith heb rodi 
Ag6edy hynny dygovi. 

Brithuyt a byt dyuysgi. 

Nac eruyn dy hed6ch nyth vi. 
Reen nef rymabyr dywedi. 

Rac y gresrym géares dy uoli. 

Ri Rox gle amgogyuarch yn geluyd. 
A ueleisty diis fortis. 

Darogan défyn diii. 

Budyant uffern 

Hic nemo in por progonio. 

Ef dillynghwys y t6ryf 

Diis uirtutum. 

Kacthnaét kynnhull6ys cstis isto cat 
A chynn buasswn a sunsoi, 

Arnaf b6yf dcrwin y du6 diheu 

A chynn mynu(yf deruyn crou. 

A chynn del ewynrié ar vyngyenou. 
A chynn vyngkyualle ar latheu preu 
Poet ymhencit yda kyfedeu. 

Abreid om dywcit llythyr llyfreu. 
Kystud dygyn gécdy g6écly agheu 
Ar sa(l a gigleu vy mardlyfreu. 

Ry bryn héynt wlat nef adef goreu. 


XXIV. | 


GOsSSYMDEITH LLEFOET WYNEB CLAOR. YO HYNN. 


1086. C&G OLUT byt eyt dyda6. 
Ket ymgemmycker o honaw 
Dychystud aghen dychyfyaé. 





THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Dybyd hinon g6edy gla6, 

Ny na6t kyhafal kyvaeth lag. 
A gle6 chwerit creu oe dina. | 
Pob llyf6r llemittyor arna6. 
Pob ffer dyatter heibya6. 
Dychymmyd dedwyd ac ana6. 
Rihyd ac ef du6 dywalla6, 


Golut byt eyt dydo. 

Diga6n dovyd darparo, 

Hydyr gwaed géanec 6rth vro, 

Pan elwir chwelit acdo, 

Dioryuic dyn ny welo. 

Ny dida6r ny da6r côt vo, 

Ny wneyd gwir ny ein ymro, 

Ny chenir mwyctt ar ffo, 

Bit vleid beidyat a dwyll. 

Chwannage vyd llen llwyda(c lla6dino. 


Golut byt eyt dybyd. 

Atwaod chwant atuant riyd. 
Dychynneit ioueino dychynnyd. 
Nyt echwonit clot kelwyd. 

Nyt vn aruaeth kaeth a ryd. 

Ys gGac vro ny bo crovyd. 
Atutnt a da6 ny wnehyd. 

Loyt ac annwyt ny gymyd. 

Ny ob6yll o du6 diffyd. 

Ny elwir yngywreint ny gynuyd. 
Keinyath6n gofryn6n greuyd. 
Hyt pan ynbo gan grist grennyd. 


Anghyfaely(r anghyfyrdelit, 
Llann. dychystud brun bro lit. 
x . 


MI —— 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


G6ell nac no gen edewit, 

Ym gweithret g6astra géeilit. 
Chwec yn anwa(s yn odit. 
Ch6ery dryc cor wedy trenghit. 
Nyt gnaŷt escussa(t esg(it. 

Ny cheffir da heb prit. 
Pedryfan d6fyn pedrychwelit. 
Areith g6ell goleith no govit. 
Dréc pecha6t oe bell erlit. 

Da ynggnif porthi menechtit. 
Dug o nef géae drut ny gret it. 
Mab meir diweir avenhit. 

Da weith yn gobeith 6rthit. 
Ath gyrb6yllir yn bronn bit, 


Difrys g6anec dycfustit traeth, 
Gosgymonn g6yth gordin. 
G6yluein hanes gorewin. 
Pŷyll llu. a th6yll tr6y chuerthin. 
Bit gynnvidyd gywrenhin. 

Bit lesc eidyl bit var@ crin. 
Kerennyd fall gall gynnin. 
Gan rewyd ny phell vydrin. 
Dychyffre gwae6 g6aetlin. 

. Dychyveruyd tr6ch athrin. 
Enghit a vo llyfeithin. 

Enwir ef kyll y werin. 
Namvyn du6 nyt oes dewin. 


Argl6yd g6ìat l6yd géerthevin. 


Dyvrys géanec dyg6rthryn. 
Gro. g6st eidyl moch detwyn 
Réyfant maon medlyn. 

A ordyvyn pa6b oe deruyn, 


‘THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


'Trenghyt torrit pob denghyt. 

Ry bryn6 nef nyt ef synn 

Mor wyt gywrennhin gyrb6yll. 

O neba(t. g6isga6t coet kein gowyll. 
Nyt eglur edrych yn tywyll. 

Rac annwyt ny weryt cannwyll. 
Nyt edwyd. néy diuo p6yll. 
Kerennyd a dovyd ny d6yll. 


Néy dyuo p6yll prif egêa. 
A gynneu edyn ny wna. 
Oer gaeafra6t tlaGt morua. 
G6ell rihyd no ryssedha. 
Rac dr6c ny di6c atneir. 
Llawer ma6reir a vethla. 
Kendaét kyt worymdaa. 
'O ovrys nywys kéta 
Arythal y drindagt traha. 
Mabr du6 mor(yt wrda. 


Redeint gorwyd rwyd pob traeth 
Kynnic myna(c marchogaeth 
Nyt neb aued oe aruaeth 

Nyt ef enir pa6b yn doeth. 

Nyt ehovyn bryt yn llong dreith. 
Ny thangnef g6ynna6n a godeith. 
Bit vy6 gér heb dryc wryaeth. 
Mynafc kerd ketwyf eillyaeth. 
Ny byd hyvysg6r neb noeth. 
Nyt oes reith nat vo pennaeth, 
Breyenhin beidya6t anreith 
Dywa! dir vyd y oleith. 

Ny naét eing llyfyrder rao leith, 
Enghit gle6 oe gyfarweith. 


— 


THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Med6 mutdrut pob anghyfyeith. 
Dinas a diffyd diffeith. 

Eiryaul a gara6r haGdweith. — 
Ef molir pa6b Grth y weith. 

Ny char dovyd diobcith. 

Goreu kyflwyt yn gyweith. 


Gwaeann6yn goaflém tir. 

Ot ynt tonna6r ga6r ennwir. 
Diwestyl alaf dirmygir. 
Gwall arny mynych welir, 
Aravo diffyd divennwir. 

Y draa. kyfa rann rybucher. 
Bit wastat gwreic ny crchis. 
_ Mevyl ys gna6t o weddaét hir. 
Ny rydecho rydygir. 

O hir dinaé dychwynir. 
Auo mar6 ny moch welir, 
Avo da gan dué ys dir. 

Avo gle6 gochlywir. 

Y glot. o vychot godolir. 
Guynn y vyt pydiw y rodir. 
Kerennyd duf a hoedyl hir. 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 


— 
1 


TWO POEMS FROM THE CAMBRIDGE JUVENCUS. 


Text, Vol. ii. p. 1. 


‘Tue text of these two poems has boen printed after having repeat- 
edly examined the Cambridge Juvencua with very great care, and 
having also had tho benofit of a very minuto and careful examina- 
tion of this interesting MS,, made by a most competent judgo—viz. 
Honry Bradshaw, Esg, of King's Collego, Cambridge. Our object 
‘was not only to obtain a perfectly correct text of these well-known 
stanzas, but also to deciphor, if possible, another and longer poem 
written on the first page, in tho same character and autograph, 

Tho M8. of Juvencus camo to the library in 1648, from Dr. 
Richard Houldsworth, master of Emanuel College, who died in that 
year, and bequeathed his library to the University. It was fint 
catalogued and put on the sholvos in 1663, with the rest of Dr. 
Houldsworth's books. On the first leaf thore is, in the hand-writing 
of Richard Amadas, who was a clergyman in Essex, and died in 
1637, the words “ Paraphrasis in Evangelia,” with the figures 
“1933,” and at the end, in the samo handwriting, “ Juvencus 
Prosbyter in 4 Evangolin, Anno 1233. On the first page is the 
name “ Mr. Price,” and in tho same hand a reference to Juvencus 
from “ James Ushor, Bp. of Meathos book, fol. $49." Now Usher 
was only Bishop of Meath for a fow years, from 1624 to 1637, and 
in a book published by him in 1624, called the Answer to a Jesuit, 
thore is a citation of Juvencus at p. 949, so that the MS, must have 
belonged to Mr. Prico about that time, There was a John Price, 
noticed in Williams's Biography of Eminent Welshmen, born in 


wT. 


312 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


London, of Welsh parents, in 1600, who was elected from West- 
minster to Christ Church, Oxford, in 1617, afterwards turned 
papist and went to Paris, He seems to have made Usher's acguaint- 
ance in Ireland, and it is believed there are some of his letters in 
Usher's printed correspondence. From him Dr. Houldsworth pro- 
bably got the MS., with other books, when the troubles began, 
while John Price, being a Welshman, probably procured it in 
Wales.° 

It is a large quarto MS. of 52 Joaves of parchment, and is 
unquestionably of the ninth contury, The toxt is writton in a bold 
and free charactor, and is in tho samo handwriting throughout. The 
colophon at tho end, in tho samo handwriting, is— 


“ expliqunt quattuor Evangelia 
a Juvenco preabytero 
pene ad verbum translata 
Araut dinuadu.” 


i. e, “a prayer for Nuadu.” The lincs of the toxt havo glosses in 
“Welsh, written over them in a smaller hand in tho Saxon or Irish 
character. On the first page, in the same character, is a poem con- 
sisting of nine lines, each line forming a triplet, commencing with the 
words “ Omnipotens auctor,” and of which the Vicomte de la Ville- 
margu6 could only read the last three words, “ Molim map Meir.” At 
the top of pages 48, 49, and 50 are, in the same hand-writing and 
eharacter, the celebrated stanzas beginning “ Niguorcosam,” and on 
the last page are, in the same handwriting and character, fifty lines 
of Latin hexameters, of which the words “ dignissime Fethgna” 
ean alone be distinguished. We have thus the text of the MS. con- 
nected with the name “ Nuadu,” and the two Welsh poems connected 
with the name “ Fethgna,” to which the epithet of dignissime is 
attached. Both of these names are Irish in their form, and it is 
somewhat remarkable that there was an important person in tho 
nisth century in Ireland, whose namo was Fethgna. This was 
Fethgna, who was Bishop of Armagh for twenty-two years, and 
died in 874. His death is thus recorded, under that year, in tho 
Annals of Ulster :.—*“ Fothgna Episcopus haeres Patricii, caput 
religionis totius Hibernis in Prid. Non. Octobris in pace quievit ;" 
* I am indebted to Mr. Bradshaw for much of this information. 


Rac flichit lowon. 

Marini brython. 

Rydaroganon. 

A medi heon. 

Am hafron anon. 

Llodyr ffadyr kenn amaseby. 

Ffis amala, ffur, ffir, sel 

Dyruedi trinct tramoed. 

Creaédyr orohai. 

Huni gentil dichmai 

Gospell. codigni 

Cota gosgord mur 

Cornu ameni dur. 

Neu bum gan wyr keluydon. 

Gan uathhou gan gouannon. 

Gan cunyd gan clestron. 

Ry ganhymdcith achwysson. 

Bl6ydyn ygkaor gofannon, = - 
; Wyf hen wyf newyd (yf gion. 
6yf Nye. (yf synn(yr Xeinyon. 
' «1 Dy goui dyhen vrython, 

G6ydyl ky] diaerogvon. 





304 - THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


Adeuhont véch medlestri. 

A ganhont gam uardoni. 

A geissent gyfuar(s nys deubi. 

Heb gyfreith heb reith heb rodi 
Ag6edy hynny dygovi. 

Brithuyt a byt dyuysgi. 

Nac eruyn dy hedéch nyth vi. 
Reen nef ryma6yr dywedi. 

Rac y gresrym géares dy uoli. 

Ri Rex gle amgogyuarch yn geluyd. 
A uoleisty diis fortis. 

Darogan défyn dîii. 

Budyant uffern 

lic nemo in por progenic, 

Ef dillynghwys y téryf 

Dis uirtutum. 

Kacthna6t kynnhull6ys cstis iste est 
A chynn buasswn a sunsci, 

Arnaf b6yf derwin y du6 diheu. 

A chynn mynnéyf dcruyn crou. 

A chynn del ewynrié ar vyngyenou. 
A chynn vyngkyualle ar llatheu preu. 
Poet ymhencit yda kyfedeu. 

Abreid om dywcit llythyr llyfreu, 
Kystud dygyn g6edy g6cly agheu. 
Ar sa(l a gigleu vy mardlyfreu. 

Ry bryn héynt wlat nef adef goreu. 


XXIV. 


GOssYMDEITH LLEFOET WYNEB CLAÔOR. YO HYNN. 


Yel. 1065. @ OLUT byt eyt dyda6. 
Ket ymgemmycker o honaw 
Dychystud aghen dychyfyaé. 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 313 


and it is aiso remarkable, that one of his predecessors in the bishopric 
of Armagh, in the same century, was Nuadu, whose death is thu: 
recorded : “.p. 811 Nuadha of Loch Uamha Bishop, anchorite and 
abbot of Ardmacha, died.” 

If Fethgna, Bishop of Armagh, is tho “ digniasime Fethgna” of 
the MS., then the two Welsh poems must have been transoribed 
during his occupation of the bishopric from 852 to 874; but how 
camo a M8, containing Welsh glosses and Welsh poema* to be 
connected with Armagh and their bishops, Tho probable clus to 
thin is tho following. During tho time of Fothgna, Armagh was 
almost totally destroyed by the Danes. In 850, “ Armagh was 
dovastated by the foreigners,” In 867, “ Ardmacha was plundered 
and burned, with its oratories, by Amhlach, Ten hundred was 
tho number thero cut off, both by wounding and auffocation, 
besides all the property and wealth which they found there was 
carriod off by thom.” It was restorod again by Fethgna. Now, 
in the Brut y Tywysogïon of Caradoc of Llancarvan, there is the 
following passage: 883 a'r un flwyddyn y bu farw Cydifor abad 
Lianfeithin gwr doeth a dysgedig oedd efe a mawr ei dduwioldeb. 
Efe a ddanfones chwech o wyr doethion ei gor i ddodi addyse i 
Wyddelod y Werddon, “And the same year Cydivor Abbot of 
Llanveithin (or Llancarvan) died a wise and learned man and of great 
Piety. He sent six learned men of his abbey to Ireland to instruct 
the Irish.” Burely they were sent in consequence of the destrue- 
tion of the seats of learning in Ireland by the Danes, and thus may 
some learned Welshmen have been brought in contact with the 
Bishops of Armagh. This would connect the MS. with Llancarvan, 
and it may have been got from thence on the suppression of the 
monastories, I see no reason for connecting it especially with the 
North. The character is the Saxon or Irish, which was used all 
over England before the Gothio writing began. The language is of 
the pure Welsh type of the period, and is opposed to what we 
know aliunde of Pictish format I have always been of opinion 
that the three well-known stanzas bear evident marks of having 
been the work of the same author who wrote the Marwnad Cyn- 


* The principal text of MS. must have been written by a Welshman, ss 


the word “‘Araut” in the colophon is the Cymrio and not the Geelie form. 
+ The allusion is to the gu, for which Pictish seems to have substituted f. 


314 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


ddylian. It is written in the same metre, there are the same expres- 
sions, it is pervaded by the same sentiment, and in both is the 
expression of “ Franc” used, and I am not aware of its occurrence 
im any other poem. It would almost seem as if these poems of the 
minth century had been preserved for the purpose of refuting Mr. 
T. Wright. Ho objects to the metre of “Marwnad Cynddylan,” as 
having been introduced by the Normans, and to the use of the 
word ‘Franc,’ as being post-Norman. Yet, here are both in a 
poem transcribed in the ninth century. 

There are only two words in tho text of this poem that are 
doubtfal. Micanu in the fourth line may be read Nicandl ; and if 
so, it is probably transposed, and should be placed at the end of the 
line, so as to correspond in rhyme with the words nouel and patel. 
The letter represented by y in discyrr is a peculiar letter, which 
may represent one of the Saxon forms for y, or the Irish contrac- 
tion for «eí, in which case the word will read discuirr. I read the 
third line as “ Mi a'm Franc dam an calaur,” I and my Franc 
around (dam, so in composition), our (an, old form for ein), kettle. 
I think the previous line “my household is not large,” refers to 
there being only two persons. Then, in tho last line, I consider 
the rendering of “Dou” by “God,” as inadmissible. I am not 
aware of any stage in Welsh orthography where Duw could be 
written Dou. It is the old form of “ Dau,” two, and seems to refer 
to the same two persons. 

The preceding line I am inclined to read “ My song is a lament.” 
“ Disgyrr,” 4 wail, a lament ; “ Cowyddaid,” a song. Cyweithydd 
woaìd certainly never be written in old Welsh with d for th. My 
translation is as follows :— 


I will not sleep, not one hour, 

To-night ; my household is not very great, 
I and my Franc around our kettle. 

I sing not, nor laugh, nor sleep, 
To-night ; though drinking the new mead, 
I and my Franc around our pot. 

No joyousness impresses me, 

To-night ; my song in a lament. 

Two do not talk to me (with) one apcaker. 


The fest poem I do not attempt to translate. —(8.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 315 


IL 
BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN. 


“ Prior to the year 1148,” says Tanner, “a priory was founded 
at Caermarthen for six black canons, It was dedicated to St. John 
tho Evangelist, and received a charter from King Henry the Second, 
who granted “ Deo et ecclesim Sancti Joh. Evangeliste de Kayr- 
merdyn et canonicis ibidem Deo servientibus veteram Civitatem ds 
Kayrmerdyn.” It was granted, 4th July, 33d Henry VIII, to 
Richard Andrews and Nicholas Temple. Upon the dissolution of 
tho religious houses in the reign of King Henry VIIL, Sir John 
Price, a native of Breconshire, was among others appointed a com- 
anissioner for their suppression, and exercised this duty mainly in 
the county of Brecon, when he received grants of many of the 
religious houses. In the course of the performance of this duty, 
he received from the Treasurer of the Church of St. David's a MS. - 
which had belonged to the Priory of Caermarthen, and was known 
by the name of the Black Book of Caermarthen. In his Historia 
Britannica Defensio, he quotes the concluding verse of the first 
poem in the MS. 

The Black Book of Caermarthen is MS, consisting of fifty-four 
folios of parchment, in small quarto, and written in the Gothic 
character with illuminated capitals, but the handwriting varies st 
intervals, On page ninth there is inserted in the current hand of 
the sixteenth century the following sentence, It has been read 
with some difficulty owing to the faintness of the ink, and may not 
have been quite correctly transcribed. 

4 Kym henaeth doyth ach ny dwy yr by byf heb wy bod beith 
wethyn er kym eim ddar henwy dy a_llyr llyfyr dy ny dwg 

llyfr du 
ây allu'r llyfr du nid wis” 

On folio 24 b two lines are added in a Gothio hand at the 
bottom of the page, and the following note is inserted on a separate 
_Glip of paper in the handwriting of Dr. H. Humphreys, Bishop of 
Bangor, who died in the year 1719. “I have an exact copy of 
this booke writ with y* very same hand with that on the bottom ef 


— Fe 


316 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONA. 


this leafe. Y° 3d sido of tho 24th fol. my copy calls this booke y 
llyfr du o Gaervyrddon.” There is now no trace of this copy. 
There is a complote and accurate copy in tho lIongwrt colloction, 
im the handwriting of Mr. Robort Vaughan the colobrated anti- 
guary, from which it might be inforred that Mr, Robort Vaughan 
was not then in possossion of tho original MS., but it must have 
pessed into the lIongwrt collection prior to the year 1658, as it 
appears in tho catalogue of the MS, books of Robort Vaughan of 
Hengwrt, made by Mr. William Maurice in that yoar. It was 
examined by Edward Lhuyd, whon he was allowed a hurried in- 
epection of the Hongwrt MS. in 1696 ; and it has now passod, with 
the rest of this valuable colloction, into the possession of W. W. E. 
Wynne, Esg, of Peniarth, M.P. It is a subjoct of congratulation 
that these invaluablo MSS. should have becomo the proporty of a . 
gentleman so well ablo to appreciate their valuo as Mr, Wynne, 
and whose liberality permits them to bo used for litorary purposos. 

The MS. appoars thus to have boon written in four difforont 
handwritings, but they are all of tho samo poriod, and the result 
I have come to, after an attentive study of tho MS., is, that tho 
whole of it, with the oxcoption of a fow parts, written in a lator 
hand, and evidently inserted at a later period in some blank spaces 
in the MS, is of the age of Henry IL; and this is confirmed 
by tho two last pieces but two boing laments on tho death of 
Madauc, son of Maredut, Prince of Powys, who diod in 1159, in 
the reign of Henry II. 

Are there any indications, then, in the MS. as to the persons by 
whom it was compiled? I think there are, though faint and 
obecure. 

The MS., it will be observed, contains copies of the two poems 
ascribed to Myrdin, called the “ Afallenau” and the “ Hoianau.” 
Mr. Stephens has, in my opinion, very clearly demonstrated that 
both of these poems contain passages which could not havo been 
written prior to the time of Henry IL; and ho considers both 
poems to be compositions of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, 
The suspicious passages run through the poem of the Hoianau in 
such a manner as to indicate that the entire poem is the composi- 
tion of a later age, and one passage sufficiently indicates ite date 
where it mentionse— . 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 317 


“ Pump pennaoth o Normandi 

Ar pumed yn myned dros for heli 

T oresgyn Iwerddon." 
“ Fivo rolors from Normandy and tho fifth going across the salt sea. 
to conguor Ireland.” 

Mr. Stephens supposes that this passage refers to four Norman 
knights who wont to Ircland in 1169 to assist Dermot M‘Morrogh 
in subjugating Loinator, and that Richard Strongbow was tho fifth, 
I do not agroo with him in this, I do not seo what connoction 
thoy had with Wales, or why a Welsh bard should thus alludo to 
thom. I think tho roforonco is to tho four oarly Norman kinge—. 
viz, William tho Conqueror, William Rufus, Henry I., and Stephen, 
and tho fifth, Henry II., who conquored Iroland, and points to his 
reign as the ago of tho poom. I do not think Mr. Stephens more 
happy in tho special events he supposes to be referred to in each 
stanza, but I think ho has clearly mado out the general proposition 
that the entire poem is the composition of that age, This is by no 
moans so clear as to tho Afallenau, and the suspicious passages 
boar more tho marks of being interpolations in an older poem, 

‘Now, on comparing the two poems in the Black Book with the 
text in the AMyvyrian Archaology, we find this curious result :— 
The text of the Hoianau is the same in both, and the copy in the 
Black Book contains all the suspicious passages, The text of the 
Afallenau in the Myvyrian Archeology consists of twenty-two 
stanzas, that in the Black Book of only ten stanzas.* The omitted 
etanzas are those in which the suspicious passages exist, while the 
stanzas found in the Black Book contain none of these passages. 
In short, the text of the Hoianau contains the whole of the suspi- 
cious passages, that of the Afallenau is entirely free from that taint, 
The inference I draw is, that the Afallenau, as contained in this 
‘M&., is an older poem, and that the Hoianau is a poem written in 
imitation of it, of the same date as the MS. iteelf—the idea of “Oisn 
a parchellan,” which commences each stanza, being taken from a 
stanza in the Afallenau beginning with these words—and that the 
latter poem was subsequently doctored by the addition of inter 
polated stanzas of the same character, 

* The stanzas in the poem in the Black Book, in the order in which they 
cocur, are the Bist, 13th, 8th, ôd, 18th, 14th, 16th, 10th, 17th, and 234. 


— — 


318 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Is there anything, then, to show by whom the Hoianau was 
written? It appears to me to contain one reference which cannot 
be mistaken in stanza eleven :— 

“ Oian a parchellan ai byt cyvin 

Ban glyw yn llavar o Gaerfyrddin 

Y ardwyaw deu geneu yn cywrhenin.” 
Hear, O little pig ; be not open-mouthed 
When thou hearest my voice from Caermarthen 
Training two youths skilfully. 

I think it clear from this passage that the writer must have 
been one of the canons of the Priory of Caermarthen. 

If the passage 

“ A mi a ddisgoganaf cyn fyniwedd 

Brython dros Saeson brithwyr ai medd,” 

I will prophesy before my end : 

The Brython over Saxons, the Picts say it, 
refers to the writer and not to the supposed author, Myrddin, as a 
Piet, then, in that age the name was confined to the inhabitants of 
Galloway, and the author must have come from the south of 
Scotland. 

There is another poem in the Black Book which deserves atten- 
tiem with reference to this question. 

The following is the text, with a literal translation :— 

* Dv dy uarch du dy capan Black thy horse, black thy cope,* 


Du dy pen du duhunan Black thy head, black thou thyself : 
Ja du eo tí yscolan. Yes, black art thou, Yscolan. 
Mi iscolan yscolheic I am Yscolan the scholar. 


Yecawin y puill iscodic. Fickle his Scottish knowledge. 

Gae. ny bant agaut guledic. Alas! that there was not to me what the 
Gwledig had (of a school, t 

O loeci ecluis. allat bach iscol. For burning a church and killing the kine 


9 Capen is usually translated “' cap,” but this is a modern use of the 
werd. At that time I believe it represented the Latin csppa, which was the 
ecclesiastical cloak called the cope. In the Brut y Tywysogion, Henry II. 
fs mid to have given to the choir of St. David's ‘“‘deu gappan cor,” trans- 
lated “' twe choral caps ;” a strangely small gift for a king. What are choral 
cage! in a Catholic choir the twe cantors wear copes, and m doubt the gift 
was that ef twe copes for the choir. 

Ŷ Mr. Stephens translates thie ‘‘ hindered school instruction.” This is a 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 319 


Allyvir rod y votl. And causing a book to be drowned. 

Vy penhâl. ystrum kynhi. My penance, very heavy it ia to me, 

Creaudir y creadurev. perthidey Creator of creatures, greatest of 

Muyhaw. kyrraw de imi vygev. Supportera Forgive me my falsehood, 

Ath vraduste. am tuyllas ynnev, He that betrayed thee, deceived me alsa 

Bluŷtin llaun im rydoded. A full year I was placed. 

‘Ym. bangor ar paul cored, At Bangor, on the pole of a weir. 

Edrich de poen imy gan mor Consider thou my sufferings from aea-worma. 
pryued. 


Bei yscuypun arvn. If I knew what I do know, 

Mor amluc guint. y vlaen bric How clearly the wind blows on the sprigs of 
guit fallum [aun." the falling wood, 

Aray vneuthume bith nys gun- What I did I never would have done, 


This poem is usually considered to be a dialogue between Myrddin 
and Yscolan, but there is nothing in the copy in this MS. to con- 
nect it with Myrddin. Davies reads the name as two words, “ Ys 
Colan,” which he translates “the Colan,” and supposes that the 
person meant was Columba, the celebrated Missionary from Ireland 
to the northern Picts of Scotland in 565, and Mr, Stephens sdopts 
the same view and supposes the name Ys Colan to be equivalent to 
St, Colan or St. Columba. I do not consider this theory to be 
tenable. Fordun records a conversation between Myrddin and the 
Apostle of Strathclyde, Kentigern, which bears a remote resemblance 
to that between Yscolan and his unnamed interlocutor; but there 
is no tradition, nor any probability, that Myrddin came in contact 
with Columba, neither does the construction of the Welsh language 
justify the separation of the first syllable “ Ye” from the rest of the 
name, and extracting a name “ Colan” out of it, There is a class of 
words in Welsh in which “Ys” may be viewed as a separable prefix, 
bat in most of the words beginning with “ Ys” the letter y alone has 
boen prefixed, and the letter a is an essential part of the word, asim 

ysbryd” (spirit), “ yecol,” school, ete, and this is the case in eil 
——— Ystyffan, Stephen, ad when the syllable “ys” 
cannot be thrown off. 


gyod illustration of locee translating, How that meaning can be extracted 
‘out of the words *' allat buch yscol,” I cannot conceive, Boddi fe to “ drown 
or be drowned.” The Irish equivalent is ‘bath, drown ;” but it has also the 
secondary sense of blot out, suppress, cancel; and I saspect that thie fs the 
meaning of the Welsh word here. 


WY 


320 | NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


The samo name occurs in tho lives of St. David, whon ho is said 
to have met an Irish ccclosiastic callod Scuthyn, at a place called 
Bed Yecolan. Ite equivalont in Irish is not Colan or Columba, but 
Scolan. In another lifo, in mentioning this Scuthyn or Scutinus, it 
is added, who had another name Scolanus. The namo also occurs 
in the old Scottish Acts of Parliamont, in the roign of Alexander 
IL, when, in the year 1228, “ Judicatum est do Gillescop makscolane 
per diversos judices tam Galwidie quam Scocie,” which gives us 
an instance of the namo about the date of our MS., and, strangely 
enough, connects it with Galloway. It is plain, therefore, that it is 
impossible to read the name Colam or Columba out of it ; and what 
renders the supposition still more unlikely, is that while the “ Ye- 
colan” of the poem is described as black in dress and appearance, 
the dress of St. Columba and his monks happens to have been 
white, as appears from his lifo by Adomnan. 

It has always appoarod to me plain that the dress and appearance 
here described was simply that of the Black Canons of St. Augustine, 
who wore a black cassock, and over it a black cloak or copo and 
hood, with a black cap ; and if I am correct in this viow, it will 
bring the composition of this poem- likewise, and Yscolan himself, 
to the period when the Black Book of Caermarthen was compiled. 
The name of Ysgodic, or Scottish, though applicable to Ireland at an 
early period, was, in the twelfth century, appropriated to Scotland, 
and we have thus again here the appearance of a Canon of the 
Priory of Caermarthen of Scottish origin, and apparently from his 
mame connected with Galloway, who is addressed in this poem, and 
his being contemporaneous with tho compilation of the MS, throws 
additional interest on the allusions contained in it.—(8.) 


POEM I 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 368. Text, Vol. ii. p. 3. 

This poem purports to be a dialogue between Myrdin and 
Taliessin, and the subject of the poem is obviously the battle of 
Ardderyd, which resulted in the defeat of the Pagan party and their 
flight into the wood of Celyddon. It has usually been attributed 
to Taliessin, but it is not contained in the Book of Talicssin, 
and in the poem iteelf Myrdin claims the authorship.—(8.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 321 


‘Tho language of tho composition is comparntívely oasy, and tho 
principal difficultios that moot tho translator lio in the obscurity 
of the allusions, but a certain amount of abstrusoness is just what 
wo might expoct from the character of the interlocutors—vis, the 
chief of bards and the chief of onchanters—(E) 


Stanza 1, 
Line 2.— Deryv' = deryw = darvu, from daru, the same as 
darvu. “ Doryw am dano,” there is an ond of him, he has perished. 
—E) 


Line 4.—' Tryuruyd' hero is ovidently the name of a place, 
In Poem xxxi. tho name occurs twice, and in one of the passages 
it stands in a connection not very unlike the present :— 


“ Nens tuc Manauid 
Eis tull o trywruid ;" 
and in the other we read of “ traethev trywruid,” a name bearing 
80 atrong a resemblance to tho “ trath treuroit” of Nennius as hardly 
to leave a doubt of its identity with the scene of tho tenth battle 
of King Arthur,—(E.) 


Line &.—' Tryuan’ = trywan.—(E.) 


Stanza ur. 

Line 1.—‘ Maelgun,' The reference here is to Maelgwn Gwynedd, 
who appears to have led the host which encountered the Pagan 
party at Ardderyd.—({8.) ‘ Jnimnan’ = inimuan = yn ymwan, com- 
bating—(E) 


Line 1.—' Neutur,' or Nevtur—is probably the same place men- 
tioned by Fiech in his Life of St. Patrick, written in the eighth 
century, as Nemhtur or Nevtur, It is identified by his scholiast 
with’ Alclyde or Dumbarton.—(8.) 

Line 2.—Errith and Gurrith = through form and partial form 
—are probably the same as the “deuur,” or two men before whom 

Y 


Stanza un. 


~~. 


322 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


the host landed. “ Ar melugan = Gwelwgan,” from “ Gwelu,” pale, 
and “can,” white. It is evident that a pale white horse is meant, 
though here, as in many instances, the word “march” or its 
equivalent is omitted, the colour alone being expressed, Com- 
pare the use of “ mein winev” (main wineu) in the next line, and of 
“gwineu” several times in Poem xxvii., where tho meaning admits of 
mo doubt.—(E.) The two forms on the pale white horse appear 
to refer to “Death and Hades on the pale horse” in the Apoca- 

lypse, vi. 8.—(8.) 

STANZA lv, 

Line 1.— Rhys’ is both a proper namo and an appellation. 
In the latter case it signifies a rush, a trial, difficulty, or sttait ; a 
risk. 

“ Dywed Myrddin y dawai 
Y rhys ar aflwydd ar rai 
Ieuan Tew.”"—(E) 


* Rycheant’ = rhychwant, tho ordinary import of which is “a 


span,” may possibly here signify as much as can be compassed with 
the arms ; for the expression scoms to convoy the idea of a very large 
shield, which, if only a span in diameter, would not be the case. 


“ Daw merchyr medant 
Rhyodres rychwant. 
Gand Lludd y Mavr, p. 907.—(E.) 


STANZA Vv. 
Line 3.—' Dinol” = Diucol, Dywal or Dywal ab Erbin,—(E.) 


STANZA vi. 
Line 3.—' Arywderit’ = Arvdorydd = Ardderyd,—(R.) 
STANEA VII. 
Line 3,—' Vidan' = vyddan = vyddant, from “bod” to be.—(E.) 


Staxxa VIH. 
Line 1.— Eliffer = Eliver, and is probably the same as the person 
generally called Eliver gosgorddvaedr, or large-retinued.—(E.) His 


- —— Y ü⏑ü⏑ — 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, $23 


name appears in tho Gwyr y Gogledd with tho following sons : Gurgi 
and Peredur.—(8.) 
Stanza xi. 
Line 2.—Celyddon, or wood of Celyddon, seems to have been 
in the “Gogledd” or Scotland, and included the Ettrick Forest and 
'Tweeddale,—(8.) 


POEM IL 
Translation, Vol. ip. 497. Test, Vol. ìi. p. 5. 

‘This poom is sometimes attributed to Moigant, a bard and mint 
supposed to have lived in the sixth century, but on what authority 
does not appear. With the exception of thres lines (the Ist, 2d, 
and 4th), it is composed entirely of unconnected thyming adages, 
most of which will bo found in tho collection of Diarebion 
Cymraeg, or Wolen provorbs, printed in the Myvyrian Archaeology, 
v. 3, The droam scoms to refer to the fourth line, which probably 
ought to stand before tho third, for the latter, in its present 
position, appears to be out of place. —(E.) | 


Line 3,—' Moiuret' " meuedd, “ Nid hoffed meuedd bro," 
Myv. Arch—(E.) 


Line 4.—' Neur, written also noud, nous, and neu—is a kind of 
intorrogativo to which an affìrmativo answer is invariably expected, 
and is ofton very proporly translated simply as an affirmative 
particl.—(E) 

Line 5.—For ‘dinda’ wo should read “dim da” (oee the 
provorb in Afyv, Arch, iii. p. 160.)—(E) 


Line 11.—If, in relating anything, ono does not enter minutely 
into particulars, it is not so casy to contradict him, though his 
statomonte may be erroneous,—({E.) 


Line 13,—' Renuel' = rouuet = rheuvodd, “Ni lwydd 
theuvodd i ddiriaid."—Afyo. Arch, iii, p. 16&—(E) 
* Duyeid’ (= bwyaid), properly signifies the consecrated was 


— lee. 


324 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


ef the Church of Rome (sce Poem xxii. p. 44). Tho word is also 
written “ mwyaid,” and in this form wo find it in a poem called 
“ Gosymdaith Llevoed wynobglawr” (ed Book, p. 305), whore, with 
the exception of the orthographical variation of this word, tho samo 
proverb occurs, ~ 
“ Ny chenir Mwyett ar ffo.”"—(E.) 


Line 14.—The conclusion is wanting.—(E.) 


POEM III. 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 408. Text, Vol. ii. p. 5. 


This poem, with tho four which follow, is for tho most part 
very obscure. Each lino is gonorally mado to consist of threo 
things, with a rhymo in cach clauso in addition to the principal 
one at the end, which latter is somotimos a sort of assonanco 
gather than a full rhyme—a poculiarity by no means confined to 
these compositions.—(E.) Tho poem is usually attributed to Cu- 
helyn, a bard of the ninth contury, and lino 5 appoars to imply this. 
—(8) 


Line 3.—‘ Cyridwcn, Coridwon, Caridwen, or Cariadwon—is 
generally considorod to be tho goddcas or personification of Naturo 
in the so-called mythology of the Welsh. Sho is somotimos ropro- 
ecnted as tho inspiror of poetry, honco “pair Ceridwen” or tho 
cauldron of Coridwon—is ofton used by tho bards for tho fountain of 
poetic inspiration, and in this character she sooms to bo montionod 
in this passage. * Gogyrven,” tho word used horo in tho original, 
significs, according to Pughe (Welsh Dict. s. v.) “a spiritual boing 
or form; a personified idea, a prosopopmia.” In tho following 
extract from a document on Bardism, probably writton about tho 
end of the fifteenth contury, the word is unmistakably employed for 
a symbol, character, or lotter :—'“ Tair elwydden llythyr, /N sev o 
gymmodoldeb y naill neur lall or tri y gwneir llythyr ; sev ydynt, 
tair pelydren goleuni ; acor rhai hyn y gwneir yr im gogyrven ar 
bymtheg, sev yr un llythyren ar bymtheg: ac o gelvyddyd amgen 
y mae saith gogyrven a seith (ugain), nid amgen nag arwydd teilyng- 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 325 


ar ——— 

Tho word occurs several times in the poems of Taliessin, and oe- 
casionally in some of tho Jater bards ; and in most instances, as in 
the present caso, it is found in connection with, or as a substitale 
for, Ceridwon, 


“ Neut amuc yggkadeir opelr Aerritwen 
Handit ryd vyn tafawt yn adawt gwawt ogyrwen 
Gwawt ogyrwen ufercn rwy digonis 
Arnunt a llefrith a gwlith a moa.” 
Ibid. p. 154. 


“ Ban pan doeth o peir 
Ogyrwen awen teir.” 
Ibid, p. 168. 
'“ Mor wyf gert geinrwyf hyglwyf hagen. 
Mor wyf hyglen wart o ucirt ogyruen 


Mor wyf gwyn gy gyfrwyf nyd wyf gyfyrwen 
Mor oet gyfrin fyrt kyrt kyrriduen.” 
Cynddelw, Myv. Arch. L—(E) 


Lino 4,—' Awyrllav' = “a wyr llaw,” alluding to the minstrel's 
skill as a player on tho harp ond similar instrumonta, These two 
linos aro thus translatod by Dr, Pughe (Welsh Dict, a. v. “ Ambad”) 
— From tho venoratod song of Ceridwen Ogyrfen's various soeds, 
concurring with vocal melody, and the flowing speech in the singer's 
numbers,"—(E) 


Lino T.—' Gathyr' is probably “ geithyr” = either, but, except 
—This prosthetic use of the lotter g may bo observed in several other 
words of tho language, as gaddewid, gagen, galaeth, gallt, genaid, for 
addewid, agen, alaeth, allt, enaid, and it is very probable that 
oddi gerth ia nothing but a modified transposition of oddi geither, 
just as dierth is constantly used in tho colloquial, and often in the 
writton language, for dyeithr or dieithr, Compare also ewyrth for 
ewythr.—(E.) 


326 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Line 8.—' Cenid cor’ =cenydd cor, a singer in a choir, or 
ehorister.—(E.) 
| Lêne 9.—With “flamde kywvire vad" compare the following 
Himes attributed to Talicesin :— 
“ Pan ddisgynwys Owain .. . 
Rhag pedrydan dandde. 
Rhag cadwn gyfwyre, 
Cychwedl am doddyw.” 
The same bard also says :— 
“ Aelen filam lydan, 
Cyfwyrain mawr-dan,”—(E.) 


Line 10.—That is, it would seom, the conflagration caused by 
the nation of the border,—(E.) 


Lane 11.—‘ Waur' = “ gwawr, ' ahero.—(E.) 


Line 13,—The allusion here probably is to the social qualities of 
the subject of the poem. Tho “graid,” or heat, was to warm or 
cheer the bards and others whom the hero entertains —(E.) 


Line 14,—‘ Graid.'—The poet seems to play here on the different 
meanings of the word graid, using it in ite physical sense (heat) in 
the first instance, and in ite metaphorical sense (ardent, flerce) in the 
second. A similar remark may be applied to the word ffraw, which 
eccurs twice in the same line a little further on.—(E.) 


Line 18.— ‘Mann metdrolueth, a place which has limits or 
boundaries, an enclosure—that is the “ mitlan,” or list for combats. 


—(E.) 


Line 33.—* Nognav,' is assumed to be the name of a person. 
—(E.) 


Line 33.—‘ Anhelauc' = “anheddawg,” unposceful, restless, tur- 
belent. A peaceful disposition formed no part of virtue according 
fo the moral code of those early times.—(E.) 

- Line 31,—' Vetod’ = meddud from medd, mead. See Book of 
Taliesin, p. 169.—(E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 327 


Line 30.—This line appears to come in parenthetically, The 
poet, forgetting his theme for a moment, breaks out into a sort 
of ejaculation suggested by the allusion to “ renuef reen™ at the 
end of the preceding line, and then resumes his subject in the three 
lines following —{E.) 

Lino 34,—The connection of the three concluding lines with the 
preceding portion is not apparent,—(F.) â 

Line 36.—Tho word “ dae," here translated “ good,” I have not 
mot with elsewhere. If a correct form, it is probably the same as 
the Irish deagh, dagh, or dag, of which the usual Welsh form is da, 
‘The two languages afford many other instances of a final guttural 
being thrown off by the one and retained by the other.—(E) 


POEM Iv. ; 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 600, Tezt, Vol. ii. p. 6. 

The authorship of this short com osition is by some ascribed to 
Cuhelyn and by others to Aeddan, a name not found in the lists 
of Welsh bards; but it appoars from line 3 to be by the same 

u author as the preceding poem, and it is probable that it was ad- 
dressed to a chieftain of the name of Aeddan. The composition 
has the appearance of being very old.—(E.) 

Tine &.—Tibwo opening lines aro Abo contsined in the prasad 
ing poom.—(E.) 

Line 9.—The bards contended with one another to sing his 
praisen—(E) 

POEM V. 
Translation, Vol, i. p. 504. Text, Vol, ii. p. 7. 


Tho groator part of this poem appears to be a dialogue between 
tho soul and tho body ; and tho two poems which next follow may 
be considered as continuations of the same subject. 


Line 4,.—Talicssin, in tho poem callod MU 
has a similar allusion to theso “ pivots or axes”— 


MP CM 


328 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 


“ Gogwn py pegor 
Yssyd y dan vor.” 
Book: of Taliessin, p 136.—(E.) 

Line 9.—The reading of the Black Book, “ Tridawd,” seems 
erroneous, and should bo either “ Trindawd,” Trinity, or * tral- 
lawd,” tribulation.—(E.) In the orthography of tho Black Book, » 
before a consonant is frequently omitted, always before g.—(8.) 

Line 29.—The preceding seven lines, as well as some other por- 
tions of the poem, appear to be not in a very correct state, and 
differ considerably in the Black Book and the Myvyrian Archaeology; 
each a difference being generally a pretty sure indication that the 
text has suffered, and that the early transcribers did not fully under- 
stand the meaning of what they attempted to copy.—(E.) 


Line 80.—A day of fasting. —(E.) 
Line 91.—' Guerth, the word used here in the original, should, 
it îs conjectured, be read “ gueith” = gwaith.—(E.) 


POEM VI. 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 506, Text, Vol. ii. p. 8. 
With this short poem and ite strange philosophy compare 
“ Cad goddeu,” and “ Canu y Byt Mawr” in the Book of Tuli- 
essin, pp. 137, 314,— (E.) 


POEM VIL 


Translation, Vol. i. p, 506. Text, Vol. ii. p. 9. 


Line 7.—‘ Tarian' for taran, thunder. The same form is 
occasionally met with in other poets ; as, for instance— 
“ Trachywyd llechwed lluch a tharian 
Casnodyn.” 
For “ llyaus” we should probably read llyas (= lleas), death. 
Bat should “ Uyaxs” ( = “ lluaws,” a multitude) be the correct read- 
img, the post may have intended to connect it with “poploet 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 329 


anylan” of the preceding line, rather than with ““ lluch a tharian, 
the words which stand immediately before í.—(E) 


Line 9,—The meaning apparently is, that after peace or silence 
has been proclaimed, the judgment will ait in a manner similar io 
what is observed in earthly tribunals.—(E.) 


Line 14.—The first host will be all pure, resembling the angels 
in appearance; the second will be, like “ brodorion” (the natives 
or denizens of a country), of a mixed character, some good and 
some bad ; the third will be thoroughly bad, and will be at once 


sent to their proper comrades—{E.) 
Line 16,—' Meillon’ or “meillion, litorally clover; but the 
Welsh word is more poetical than the English, is used ina. 


MW Giasin mm, "ig ioli HWNN Y — 
the sweet flowering herbage that covers a field or lawn.—(E.) 


DAN AT Meg we 
the company of the blessed.—(F.) 


Line 32,—For ‘ vedit’ I read “ venit”=vynydd, mountain. 
The allusions to Mount Olivet, as the scene of the last judgment, 
are of frequent occurrence in the works of the medieval bards—{E) _ 


Lines 24 and 25.—Tho meaning of these two lines is a matter of 
conjecture rather than certainty. The text is possibly corrupt—s 
supposition in some degree supported by the fact that the reading in 
the Myvyrian Archeology differs from that in the Black Book, where 
two of the words are written in a way which evidently shows that 
the copyist did not comprehend the import of what he was tran- 
scribing. ‘A similar remark might be made with reference to the 

opening lines ; but the greater portion of the poem is written in 
language easily understood —(E) 


POEM VIIL 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 306. Text, Vol. ii. p. 10, 
This is no poem at all, but a collection of triads respecting cele- 
Drated horses, of which similar accounts are given in the trieds 


330 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


published in the second volumo of tho Myvyrian Archeology, but 
the text given in that work embracos sovoral namos besides those 
that are mentioned here. Some difforonco occurs also in some of 
the names. 

The lest triad is incomplote—the namo of tho horse omitted 
being Melyngar Mangre, the horse of Llew Llawgyffea,— Boo 7'riade 


ef the Horses, No. 3.—(E.) . 


POEM IX. 
Translation, Vol.i. p. 508. Text, Vol. ii. p, 10. 


This poem in tho Myvyrian Archeology is attributed to Gruf- 
fydd ab yr Ynad Coch ; but as that poct survived the fall of Princo 
Llewelyn ab Gruffydd, in the year 1282, no composition of his 
eould have been written sufficiontly carly to find place in tho 


Line 3.—' Modridaw ' = modrydav, a rallying-point, a standard. 
—(E) 
Line 5.—This line scems to be out of place hero,.—(E.) 


Line T.—For the use of ‘carcdd’ in a favourablo sense, soo 
Zens, Grammatica Celtica, ii. 1084.—(E.) 


Line 16.—' Merch’ (woman) in tho Black Book, but “ meirch” 
(horses) in tho Afyvyrian copy. Tho lattor appears to bo tho more 
correct reading, sinco we havo “ graget” (women) again in tho next 

Line 34.— Ho will not attend matins, nor say his prayers, nor 
ait in a meditative mood, being too much ocoupiod with the things 
of this worid.—(E.) 


Line 30.—Theee would be his tormentors in tho regions below, 
according to the doctrine of the bards, Sco similar oxprossions 
used by Gruffydd ab yr Ynad Coch Oye. Arch. i.) and Dvydd Ddn 
o Hireddng.—(E.) 

Line 36.— “ Inihagel, evidently a | clerical or a typographical 
error for MiAagel (= Mihangel, the Welsh form of the namo of 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 331 


tho Archangol), which in the Myvyrian toxt appears in ite modom- | 
isod orthography. With this lino, to all appoarance, this poom 
ends, and what immediately follows has no apparent connection 
with it, and is of a totally different character,—(E.) 

Lino 4).—' Llauuridet' — llawfrydodd, from law (as in llaw-n) 
and bryd, tho mind ; g. â. llawenfrydedd,—(E) 

Line 42.—Tho ínterpolation scoms to ond with this line, The 
romaining portion may have originally belonged to the poem, but 
moro likely it is part of somo other composition, or perhaps different 
fragmonta confusodly strung together, —(E.) 


POEM X. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 610, Text, Vol. âi. p. 12, 


Lino 9,—Horo tho tonso changes from the future subjunctive to 
the past indicative, In tho original, after tho verb and its object ; 
havo once beon oxprossod, “A” alone is used for them in both 
tonses, excepting that four linos furthor on the past is again given 
in full, It is thoreforo possible tbat, in the instances in which the 
words aro not fully supplied, thoy should, as in the first portion, 
bo taken in a conjunctive sonso, indicating a wish rather than a 
fach—(E) 


POEM XI. 
Translatŵon, Vol. i. p. 511. Test, Vol. ii, p. 18. 


Stanza I, 


Line 1.—Thoro can bo but little doubt that Celi, as an epithet 
of tho Doity, originated in tho Latin word cali, tho genitive of 
easlum, hoavon, and that “Duw Coli” is Deus celi, the God of 
heaven ; but in process of timo, tho relation in which it stood to 
another word having boen forgotten or overlooked, it was used 
indopendently, and gradually came to bo looked on as being derived 
from eel, hiddon, concoalod, secrot, tho root of celw, to hide or con- 
coal, We may thoreforo, without any improprioty, when Cel does | 
not stand as a genitive governod by “ Duw,” “ Crist,” or some word. 


MP Ed 


332 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


of the kind, translate it by tho Afysterious One, or some equivalont 
expression. Dr, John Kent, a poot of tho carly part of the fiftoenth 
eentury, in his poom on the “ Namos of God,” printed in the Jolo 
MSS. p. 285, mentions Celi ; not as an indopondont name or title, 
bat, according to its primary meaning, as an attributive to “ Duw.” 
“ Duw Tri, Duw Celi, cocliwn ; Daf, Eli, 

Dwyv, eilwaith da volwn ; 

Gwiwner, ei glod a ganwn, 

Arglwydd Dad mawr ganad, gwn.” 
The bards, it may be observod, wore allowed to introduce Latin 
words into their compositions, but thoir license in this respect did 
mot extend to other foreign languages. —(E.) 


Line 6.—Sco Mark xv. 34. The same word occurs also at p. 
36 in a composition attributed to Elaeth.—(E.) 


Stanza 11, 

Line 6.—Anhun, or Annun, was & fomalo saint of the fifth 
century, and the reputed foundross of the church of Trawsvnydd in 
Merionethshire, —(E.) | 

STANSA lll. 

Line 4.—Probably an allusion to the paseage of tho Red Sea 
(Exod, xiv.)—(E.) 

Line 06.—Tho word in tho original is “pabsir” (= pabwyr), 
which significs both rushes and tho wick of a candlo—the pith of 
the rush with a small portion of the fibro being formerly used for 
wicks, and to some dogroo at the present day in somo remote parte 
of the principality.—(E.) 

Line 8.—‘ Pimp kacr, Pontapolin, or the five cities of tho plain 
(Gen. xix.) ‘Wir’ ( = gwyr), oblique, slanting ; swerving, tarn- 
ing aside, Lot's wife—(E.) 


POEM XII. 
Tranelation, Vol. i. p. 513. Text, Vol. ii, p. 13. 
This poem calls for no remark. 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 333 


POEM XIIL 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 613, Test, Vol. ii, p, 14, 

‘This poom is all through very diMcult. In one of the copies 
printed in tho AMyvyrian Archeology it forms part of Poem XXIX. 
in tho present volume—{E.) 

Lino 1.— Guirthvin’ is a word not found in our dictionaries, 
Tt may bo compounded of gteyrth, virtue, grace, a miracle, and myn, 
tho will ; or tho latter part of it may bo gwyn, the impulse of the 
mind, disposition. —(E.) 

Lino 16.—! Vn brin.’ Mount Olivot is probably intended, where 
it was onco vory gonorally supposed the last judgment would take 
place, Soo noto, p, 890,—(E) 

Line 17.—* Teulv,' literally a family,—(E.) 

Line 18.—Tho bards divided the heavenly hiorarchy into nine 
dogroos or orders,—(E.) u 

Taine 22,—' Nen' should possibly bo road “ren” = Rhên, ono 
of tho namos of the Diety, and, as somo think, the root of the 
Latin parens,—(E.) 

Line 30,—' Valiof” = val Tof—that is, Jos or Job—(E.) 

Line 1,—‘ Oyllestic' should be cyllestric = callestrig, from 
callestr, flint, a word of rathor frequont occurrence in the posts, amd. 
employed in connections not unliko tho present instance :— 


« Ergrynnf Aylleetric kaon 
Gan wledic gwlat anorffen.” 
Book of Talionin, p. 311.—(R) 


POEM XIV. 
. 
Tranalation, Vol. i. p. 303. Text, Vol. il. p 16. 


This is simply tho last stanza of tho poem called “ Mie Din- 
bych," which will be found at length in the Book of Talisssin, vol. 
ii. p. 108,—(E) 


> _ XI NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM XV. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 303. Text, Vol. ii. p. 17. 
Line 1.—' Dinas Maon,' the city of the people.—(E.) 


Line 2.—A comperison of this line with others that follow tends 
"to show that “edar” should be considered a proper name, though 
WR may possibly stand for “ yddar,” the oak.—(E.) 


Line T.—' Merhin' —merchyn, the diminutive of March, « a 
ddnorso,— (E.) 


Line 8.—' Diwurn.'' The rhyme is opposed to “diwurn” 
€— divurn) being the right reading. Perhaps difyn may be the 
form intended, which would rhyme with “ maelgyn,” and which 
“‘Thas been adopted in the translation.—(E). 


POEM XVL 
Translation, Vol.i.p. 481. Text, Vol. ii. p. 17. 


This poem may be called the “ Birch-tree,” just as the one that 
follows is named the “ Apple-trees."—({E.) The allusion, however, 
im stanza 3, line 3, to the Franks in armour, and in stanza 3, line 4, 
to the bridges over the Tav and Tawy, which likewise occurs in the 
imterpolations in the Cyvoesi Myrddin, seem to indicate that it is 
ene of the spurious poems attributed to Myrddin which were com- 
posed in the twelfth century.—(8.) 


— SrANmAL 
Line 3.—' Sirch,’ a clerical error for sirth = syrth, syrthia, from 
ayrthio, to fall.—(E.) 


Line 4.—‘ A chimrevan’ = cymmreuan or cymmrevan, from 
€ym or cyd, together, and breu or brevu, to low,—(E.) 


Ehyd Vothwy, aa well as Dinwythwy, Edrywy (or Edryvwy), 
Macbran, Machwy, with some other names mentioned in this and 
the following poem, are to me unknown.— (E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 335 


Sraxza IIT, 

Line 4.—There are two rivers in the principality bearing the 
name of Tav—one in Glamorganshire, which enters the sea nea 
Cardiff, and the other in Carmarthenshire, which disembogues into 
Carmarthen Bay at Langharne—{E.) 

Line 8,—' Gint' = Gynt = Gaoind, an old name synonymou 
with Gaedhel or Gwydhyl. The name occurs also in the Gododin; 
sce p. 92.—(E.) 4 


POEM XVII. 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 310, Text, Vol. ii. p, 18. 


This seems to be the oldest existing form of the poem attributed 
to Merlin, termed tho Avallenau, before it was intorpoìated.—(8) 


STANZA 1. 

Line 8.—' Cymminawd’ appears to be here, as elsewhere, used 
for an imaginary place of battle, the word signifying a contact of 
edges or blades, or, as explained by Pughe, “a striking edge 
together ; a cutting at each other.” Any place, then, where hostile 
armies met might be denominated “ Cymminawd.” —(E.) 

Line 10.—In a poem attributed to Taliessin a similar expression . 
occurs :— ' 

“ A gware pelre â phen Seison.” 
« And the playing of ball-buffeting with Saxons’ hesda”—(E). 


STANEA 11, 


Line 4.—These fro Mines are, in the original, added ab te 
bottom of the page.—(E.) 


Stanza TH. 


Line l.—' Pren melyn, a yellow tree, is one of the Welsh 
names of the barberry.—(E.) 


Line 3.—' Kad im Prydin’ Prydyn was a name applied to 
North Britain. The tradition of an invasion of Scotland from 


a a 


336 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


+ Areiand in seven ships is aleo to be found in an Irish poem quoted in 
am ancient tract, called the Dinseanchas, in the Book of Lecan :— 

| With a fleet of scven ships the king's eon sailed 

From Eire to the land of Alba ; 

He fought for the Eastern country 

In battles, in conflicts, 

From Eadain to the wide Lochlann.—(8) 


Tine 1.—' Kenhin, Some consider this word to be equivalent 
to “ genddynt,” and translate the line thus :— 


“ Of those who come, they shall take with them.” 
Stephens, Lit. of the Kymry, p. 227.—(E) 


Sraxza rv. 
Line 2.—This “ fair maid” appears to be Gwendydd, who is 
anid to have supplied her brother with food and drink in his solitary 
wanderings in the woods. —(E.) 


STANZA V. 


Lêne 1.—It has been supposed that “ Llanerch,” the word used 
im the original, which signifies a glade, is intended for Lanark, in 
Strath Clyde, the territory of Rhydderch Hael, the patron of 

Line 11.—The battle of Ardderyd, in which Gwenddoleu fell, 
occurred, according to the Annales Cambria, in 573. It was in 
consequence of the disasters of this memorable battle that Myrddin 
became insane.—(E.) 

STANZA VIII. 

Line 3.—' Hwimleian' or “ huimleian” (= chwimleian) is the 
word in the original. It is aleo written chwimpleian, chwibleian, 
and chwivleian. “It is very probable that it is to the present 
bard, Merlinus Sylvestris, and not to Merlinus Ambrosius, that we 
ought to look for the origin of much of what is contained in the Brut, 
as the prophecies of the last mentioned. It also seems evident 
that it is to his Chwifleian that we are to attribute the origin of 
the Viviane of the romances of chivalry, and who acts so conspicuous 
& part in those compositions ; although it is true there is not much 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 337 


resemblance betwixt tho two names, But, if we look into the 
poems of Merlin Sylvestris, we shall find that the female personage” 
of this name, which by the French romancers might easily be 
modified into Viviane, is repeatedly referred to by the bard in his 
yaticinations. It also seems probable, as Chwifleian signifies a 
female who appears and disappears, and also as the word bears some 
resemblance in sound to Sibylla, that the bard, by a confusion of terms 
and ideas, not uncommon in early writers, coined this name as an 
original of Viviane.”—Rev. T. Price, Literary Remains, i. 144.—(E.) 
Line 6,—' Grat wehin' — grad — wehin, from grat or grad— 
— i my Ydw ch to shed or diffuse ; the same 
as “ rhadwehyn.”—{E.) 


Line 8.—By the child here, as in stanza 1, no doubt Cadwaladyr 
is meant, which indicates its composition before his father's death. 
8) 

STANZA IX. 


Line &.—' Cadvaon' = places of battle—(E.) 


Line 5.—Some of the Scotch rivers seem to have borne the 
same names in Cymric with rivers in Wales, as the Tay, the Teviot, 
and the Tweed, which were called Tawy, Teifi, and Tywi. The two 
latter flowed through Teviotdale and Tweeddale, and may be here 
meant if the scene was in the north,—(S.) 


Line 6.—' Aranwinion' is the same place as Garanwynion, in 
the battle of Gwenystrad (B. T. 31).—(8.) 


Stanza x. 
Line 4.—' Rhyd Rheon, the ford of Rheon. Loch Rheon and 
Caer Rheon are Loch Ryan and Carn Ryan in Wigtonshire, and the 
ford must be looked for there also.—(S.) 


Line T.—' Bri Brython, “ Bri” appears to be redundant here. 
It probably originated in the first syllable of the word which follows 
having been written twice, But should it be retained, the line might. 
be thus rendered :— 
All shall have their rights; in their glory will the Britons rejoioa"—(E.) 
Z 


= 


338 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM XVIII. 


Translation, Vol. i, p. 482, Text, Vol. ii. p. 21. 


This composition is generally called the “ Hoianau,” from “hoian” 
or “ oian,” to listen ; is also called “ Porchellanau,” or “ Piglings.” 
“ Hoianau” might bo translated “ Auscultations,”—(E.) 


Stanza I. ’ 

Tine 4.—‘ Erwis' = erchwys, a pack of hunting-dogs. Dr. 
. Owen Pughe (Welsh Dict. s. v. “ Erwas”) changes this word into 
erweis, which he translates “heroes,” and quotes this passage as an 
authority for that word ; but whether such a word as erwas (pl. 
erweision or erweis) exists in the language or not, it is quite conclu. 
sive that “ erchwys,” a word of frequent occurrence in one of the 
Mabinogion (see vol. iii. pp. 4, 5), is intended in this place ; and 
this, it will be seen, is not the only passage in the Hoianau in 
which reference is made to the dogs of Rhydderch Hael, The form 
“ erchwys” itself, it may be added, occurs in another poem which 
wsually goes under the name of Myrddin :— 


“ Byt a vyd byt wrth erchuys 
Y adeilaur yn dyrys 
Heb werth maur ni chaffaur crys.” 
Gwasgargerdd Vyrddin, st. 17. 
“The world shall be when men shall delight in hounds, 
And build in the wilderness ; 
And a shirt without great cost cannot be obtained.” —(R.) 


STANZA II. 


Line 5.— According to the folk-lore of Wales, the ninth wave 
ie larger and stronger than the others, and comes further ashore. 
The number nine, being a triad of triads, has always been held in 
-esteem by the Welsh. See Stephens, Literature of the Kymry, p. 
351.—(E) 


STANZA 11. 
Line 11.— That is, the sod on which I tread,—(E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 339 


Stanza v. 

Line 5.—If ‘eneirchiaug’ (from arch), the reading in the Mye. 
Arch,, and adopted by Pughe (Dict. a. v.), be the correct one, the 
meaning will be as expressed in the translation; but the Black 
Book, from which wo translate, has “eneichauc,” from eichiawg, 
loud, high-sounding. If we adopt the latter, the passage might be 
rendered “men of great noise ;” the allusion in that case would be 
to the clang of their arms, Pughe (s. v. “Diheddawg”) translates 
“gwyr eneirchiawg” by “hyperborean men.”—(E.) 

Line 10,—The meaning of this line is not obvious, Mr. 
Stephens (Lit. of the Kymry, p. 254) translates it thus :—“ When 
the horns call men to the squares of conflict ;” but unfortunstely 
for this version the word in the original is “ guraget " (women), 
not “gwyr” (men).—{E.) 

Stanza VI, 


Line T,— Aber Dev,’ For “aber dev” of the Black Book, 
the Myvyrian reads “ Aber deu gleddeu,” which is the Welsh name 
of Milford Haven in Pembrokeshire —{E.) 


STANZA XI. 

Line 3.—* Ceneu, or whelp, for a son or offspring, is often to 
be taken in a favourable sense. In a well-known passage, Meredydd 
ab Rhys, by way of compliment, calls Prince Madog “Iawn geneu 
Owain Gwynedd.” —(E.) 

STANZA XII. 

Line 1.—' Gwys' (= Lat. gens), people; a country.—(E.) 

Line 2.—The reading of the Black Book is “prise,” and thst 
of the copy printed in the Afyv. Arch. “prysg ;” but as neither of 
these words can properly rhyme with the terminations of the 
other lines, it may be conjectured that the original reading was 
“brwys.” Should we adopt “brisg” as the correct reading, the 
meaning of the passage would be to this effect :—'' Burrow not in 
the trodden place.”—(E.) 

Sranza xu, 

Line 3.—On the margin :— 

“Thou ahouldet not resort to the desert from tho deep lake.”—(E) 


Mm. a 


340 ' NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA XVI. 


Line 10.—' Deheubarth, the word here employed in the ori- 
ginal, means any southern region, but in our carlier writings it is 
almost exclusively used for South Wales.—(E.) 


STANZA XX. 


Line 1.—' Eilon’ cannot be reasonably supposed to mean 
“music” in this place, and “roebucks” near the end of the 
stanza, as translated in Literature of the Kymry, pp. 269, 270, 
though the word has both these significations.—(E.) 

Line 3.—' Mynydd Maon, The Mount of the People.—(E.) 

Line 7.—Cors Vochno is an extensive turbary lying in the angle 
formed by the river Dovey and the sea, in the north-western 
corner of Cardiganshire. The Welsh Coast Railway between 
Machynlleth and Aberystwyth skirts its northern and western 
borders for several miles, and the river Eleri passes through a 
portion of it. At a little distance from Trev Taliessin, a village 
lying on its eastern margin, is the Grave of Taliessin, which tradition 
points out as the final resting-place of the “Chief Bard of the 
West.”—(E.) 

‘ Mimron.’ Other MSS. read “ ym mon,” in Mona or Anglesey. 
—(E.) | 

STANZA XXIII. 

Line 6.—' Itas’ = Iddas = Judas. Dr. Owen Pughe (a. v. 
“' Iddas”) explains the word as a common adjective, adducing this 
passage as his authority ; but there can be but little doubt that it 
îs a modification of the name of him whose surname was Iscariot ; 
and the following passages, in which the same person is evidently 
alluded to ín a form which is almost precisely identical, tend to 
confirm the same view :— 

” “ Llyna mab gowri gobeith. * 
A dylivas ida y leith.” 
Black Book, p. 46. 
“ Gogyfarch veird heis 
Bath vadawl sdas 
Dofyn eigyawn adas.” 
Book of Talicesin, p. 108. 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, S41 


“ Am ciryoluy Meir ar y mab kna« 
Nat eluyf yn llugyr yn lloc Jdas 


Mr. Stephens (Lit, of the Kymry, p. 273) assumes, but without any 
probability, that Iddawe Cordd Prydain is the person intended. 
Tho ruling passion of Judas was his love of money ; in like manner, 
the predominant characteristic of theso two brothers was their 
avidity for more territory.—(E.) 


Srawza xxv. 
Line 5.—See Red Book, p. 226.—(E.) 
Line 8,—That is, the country.—(E.) 


POEM XIX. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 309. Teri, Vol. ìi. p. 28. 


These “ Verses of the Graves” are also called “ Verses of the 
Warriors’ Graves,” being memorials of the places of sepulture of 
about two hundred warriors and persons of distinction connected 
with the early history of Britain. Many of those whose names 
are here commemorated are well-known historical characters ; but 
of some of them no records, excepting these simple verses, have 
reached us. Carnhuanawc very plausibly infers that, from the 
places of sepulture boing generally upon the tope of mountains, and 
but seldom in the churchyards, it is most probable that the verses 
were composed before that latter mode of burial was adopted, and 
that the graves here mentioned are the carns and tumuli which are 
still to be seen upon the mountains, and also sometimes in the 
cultivated lands. Whether the mountains were selected in pre- 
ference to the valleys, or whether the progress of agriculture bas 
caused the disappearing of these carns and tumuli in the cultivated 
land, is not guito clear ; but it is certain that at the present day them. 
remains are more frequently met with on the mountains than in the 
valleys, The same writer adds that these graves are of varices 
dimensions, from such as might be supposed to mark the sepultare 


Eh... 


342 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


ef an infant, and might be constructed by ono or two persons in 
half-an-hour, to large mounds that would require the labour of a 
number of people several days. They generally contain one or 
more square stone cells, which vary in sizo from two fect square to 
each as would afford room for sevoral persons to enter thom at 
once. The smaller cells seem to have been constructed for urns ; 
whilst in the larger it appears that whole-length bodies were de- 
posited.—See Literary Remains of the Rev. T. Price, i. 148,—(E.) 


STANZA I. 


Line 1.—Some of theso vcrsos seom to imply a question, though 
the interrogative, as in the presont instance, may be wanting.—(E.) 
STANZA XXXV. 

Line 3,.—' Gwir.’ Pughe (æ. v. “ Gwir”) translates “ gwir” in 
this passage, “ justice ;” but tho allusion is evidontly to this noted 
eharactor's habit of disguising himself in his adventures with 
Gwydion ab Don, as related in the Mabinogi of Math ab Mathonwy, 
See Mabinogion, iii. 336.—({E.) 

Stanza XXXVII. 


Line 2.—This place is probably the same as Machawy, men- 
tioned in the Holanau.—(E.) 

STANZA XL. 

Line 3.—Vortigern,.—(E.) 

STANZA XLI. 

Line 1.—‘ Cian wails’ A play upon words may have boon 
intended here in the original “Cian” significs a little dog; 
“ ado,” is, properly, to howl; and “cnud” donotos a pack, as of 
wolves or foxes. “The little dog howls in the waste of tho pack.” 
—(E.) 

STANZA XL. 


Line 1.—‘ March’ and “ Gwyfhur' aro by some considered to 
be simply appellatives—” the steed” and “the man of conflict ;” 
but it is pretty evident that they aro the names of veritable heroes. 
There was a chieftain of the namo of March ab Meirchion (Marcus, 
the son of Marcianus) living in the fifth centary ; and Gwythur ab 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 38 


Groidiol is recorded as one of the warriors who served under Arthur, 
and wae the father of one of his wives.—(E.) 


Stanza XLIX. 
Line 2.—' Llancley.' Tho Welsh name of St, Asaph, in Flint- 
ahire—(E.) 
BTANFA L, 


Line 4.— Kein. There is a river of this name in Merioneth- 
shiro, which joins the Mawddach noar Dolgelley ; and another in 
Montgomeryshire, which flows into the Vyrnwy about ten mile 
above tho junction of tho latter with the Bevern.—(E.) 


STANZA Lu. 

Line 2—' Aber duwir dyar’ Thero is a place callod Aber 
Dyar, noar Llanybyddor, in Cacrmarthonshiro, whore the Dys 
entors tho Toivi.—(E) i 

Lino 3,—For ' Tuvno' o MS. in tho translator's possession reads 
“Tawo,” which a AUS, pogsles nace of Be Tee eee di⸗em · 
boguoe into the sea at Aber Tawy, or Swansoa,—(E) | 

Stanza wiv. 

Line 3.—' Rhwyo' significe a ruler, chieftain, or governor ; bet 

hero it may be the proper name of the son of Rhigenau,—(E.) 
Brauaa uxt. 

This stanza is scarcely intelligible, and has the appearance of 
being corrapt—(E.) 

Brauxa LXVI. 

Line 3.—For “brauo' of tho Black Book, one M8. bas “bradawg,” 
which soems to be the corroct reading. —(E.) 

STANZA LXVIL 

Line 3,—' Am maelur’ = Amhaclwr = Ab Maelwr. Compare 
Amhodog, Amhoirig, Amheredyd, for Ab Madog, Ab Meirig, and 
Ab Morodyd,—(E) 

Stanza LXIX, 

Line 9,—The Black Book text has ‘aswy’ in this place, and 

the Myvyrian, “ achwy ;” but in a__MB. of these verses which ones 


me 


344 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


belonged to the Rev. D, Ellis, of Cricieth in Carnarvonshire, of 
which the translator has a transcript, the word is “avwy,” which 
appears to be the more accurate roading, and has boen adopted in 
the translation.—(E.) 

7 STANZA LXXN. 


Line 3.—9ce Price, Hanes Cymru, p. 35 ; Oumbrian Journal, 
i. 216.—(E) 


3 


POEM XX. 
Translation, Vol. i, p. 601. Tezt, Vol. ii. p. 35, 


* Cynghogion,' from “ cynghog,” entanglod, intricate, or compli- 
eated, Bat why should a composition so simple and inartificial in 
ite construction be so termod, docs not appcar. For an account of 
the Welsh metres called Oynghogion, sco Cyfrinach y Beirdd, p. 
103, 

Elaeth, to whom tho authorship of this and the following pocm 
is attributed, was a bard and saint, who lived in tho sixth, or, ac- 
cording to others, in the sovonth century, He is somotimos called 
Elaeth Vrenin, or Ring Elaeth, from his having been, in the earlier 
part of his life, king or prince of a district in the north of 
Eogland. He was driven from his territory by tho ovorpowcring 
attacks of his enemics, in consequence of which ho retirod to Walesa, 
and spent the remainder of bis days in tho Bangor or Collogo of 
Seiriol at Penmon, in Anglesoy ; and during his rosidenco in that 
place, he is stated to havo founded the church of Amlwch in that 
island. Thoso poctical piccos which bear his namo, well accord 
with the character he assumed towards the close of his lifo.—(F.) 


POEM XXL 
Tvanelation, Vol. ì, p. 602. Text, Vol. ii. p. 36. 


Though this poem is stated to be the production of the same 
amthor as the preceding, it is considerably more intricate and less 
intelligible than that composition.—(E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. * 


Line 28,—This is assumed to be the meaning of the passage’ 
Of “wire y volra aint, it is difficult to mako any sonee, unloas itis 
‘corruption of aomo expression like“ Duw ar holl seint."—(E) 


POEM XXII : 
Translation, Vol, i. p, 266, Text, Vol, âi. p. ST. 


‘Thia elegy is attributed to Llywarch Hen, and printed among bie 
compositions in the Myvyrian Archeology. It in aleo printed with: 
an English translation in Owen Pughe's Heroic Elegies of that bari, 
of which considerable uso has boon mado on the present occasion, 
‘The poem, with some variations, occurs also in the Red Book of 
Horgest.—(E.) 


STANZA 1. 


Line 2.— Crimrud' — crymrudd, from crwm, bent, crooked, 
bending or stooping ; and rhudd, ruddy: tho former part of the 
word describing tho stooping, exhausted appoarance of the hors 
aftor tho action, and tho latter their blood-stains. The other res 
ings aro—“ cymrud” or “cymryd,” and “ cymrudd."—(E) 


Stanza M. 
Line 1.—' Dihad' = diad, from the privative di, and gad, the 
root of gadael, gadaw, or gadu, to leave, quit, or rolinguish.—(Ê) 


STANZA 11, 
This stanza is not in the Led Jook.—(8.) 


STANZA YM. 
This stanza is not in the ted Book,—(S,) 


STANZA IX. 

Line 3.—' Dyvnaint' (from dwvn, deep) implies a county 
abounding with deep vales or depressions, and is the ancient 
namo of that part of England which comprises the present Devon 
shire; and it is supposed that from it the modern name of thet 
county is dorived.—(E) 


â 
y 
í 


346 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 


STANSA X. 
. Line 1.—For ' rerent,’ or “ rereint,” hero and in tho stanzas that 
follow, we should undoubtedly read “ redeint,” or “redaint,” with 
the Red Book, Myvyrian, and othor copios.—(E.) 


STANZA XIV. 

Line 2.—' Goleith' (= goddaith), the word used here in the 
eriginal, “is a term applied to the burning of furse or heath on 
Ghee mountains, which is done at seasonable times of tho year— 
Owen (Pughe), Llywarch Hen, p. 9.—(E.) 


BTANZA XVIII. 
This is the first stanza in the Mod Book.—(8.) 


POEM XXIII. 
Text, Vol. ii. p. 39. 


This poem is addroseol to Hywol, the son of Goronwy and 
gramleon of Edwin, who diod in 1103, and docs not fall within the 
ecope of this work. —(S.) 


POEM XXIV. 
Text, Vol. ii. p, 40, 


This poem is a composition of Cynddelw, a poct who lived at 
the time the Black Book was compiled, and indeed appears to 
have transcribed the latter part of it. It docs not fall within the 
scope of this work.—(8.) 

POEM XXV. 
Translation, Vol. i. p.515. Text, Vol. ii. p. 41. 


This short poem contains nothing to call for remark. 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, MT 


POEM XXVL 
‘Translation, Vol, i. p. 618. Text, Vol, ii. p. 42. 
Stanza 1. 
Line 3,—Ja = ie, yes. Tho Myvyrian has “ iad,” a seull, which 
would be a tautology.—(E.) 
Stanza u. 
Lino 38,—Mr, Stephens omits tho nogative “ ny” ín thie place 
but on what authority is not stated.—(E) 
‘STANZA VI. 
Line 3.—Tho fourth stanza is hore repeated in a smaller hand, 
with somo few unimportant variations,—(E.) 


POEM XXVIL 
Tranelation, Vol. i. p. 519. Tert, Vol, ii. p. 43, 

‘This poom roscmbles, in some of ita exprossïons, the preceding 
poem, and loads to the supposition that thoy aro by the samo band. 
—(8) 

Stanza mL 

Line 1.—‘ Berch' and ‘kerch' should be “berth” and “certb," 
as tho fact of thcir rhyming with “nerth” in the — line 
plainly shows —(E.) 

STANZA XII. 

Line 3.—The following occurs at the bottom of the page in a 
differont hand from that of the body of the poem :— 

“ White-bellicd are the fish ; hastening the swans of the wave ; 

Oratory is splendid ; fluent is eloquence ; 

God to man will send a companion ; 

White the tops of bushes ; tuneful the birds ; 

Tho day long ; the cuckoos loud ; 

Mercy is an attribute of the most beneficent God."—(E) 


STANZA xix. 
Line $.— There appears to be some miscaleulation here,—(E) © 


—— 


348 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA XXI. 


Line 1.—* Deueinl' = Dewaint, denotes properly the time from 
maidnight to cock-crowing, and is often used in a general sense for 
thee dead of night ; but here, in connection with matins, it appears 

$e mean the nocturns, or services held during the night.—(E.) 


POEM XXVIII. 
Text, Vol. ii. p. 45. 


This poem is by Cynddelw, and does not fall within the scope 
of this work. It is printed among his compositions in the 
Myvyrian Archaology (vol. i. p. 264), where it forms the con- 
eleding part of the poem called “ Marwysgafn Cynddelw.”—(S.) 


POEM XXIX. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 516. Text, Vol. ii. p. 46. 


Stanza 1. 

Lane 9.—* Co da. cod ymda.’ “ Da” is the third person singular, 
present tense, of the obsolete verb ddu, just as â forms the same 
person and tense of the obsolete du; and the past, daeth, stands 
precisely in the same relation to ddu as acth does to du. In the 
eame line we have an instance of the same word compounded with 
a prefix, “ymda” (= ymdda); and this form is of less rare oc- 
currence. 

“ Or ymdia gwraig ei hunan.” 
Welsh Lave. 
“ Pennpingyon a ymda ar y ben yr arbet y draet,” 
Afabinogion, ii 901. 
The word is still farther compounded, as Gworymdda— 
“ Llawer mawreir a vethla. 
Keudawt cyd worymdaa. 
O ovrys nywys kwta.” 
Red Book of Hergest, p. 207.—(E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. Ho 


POEM XXX. 


Translation, Vol, i. p. 321, Text, Vol. ii. p. 47. 

This poem is printed in the Myvyrian Archaology, p. 1%, 
among the poems of Llywarch Hen, as the latter part of a pom 
called the Tribanau; but, while the former part is in the Bel 
Book of Hergest, this part is omitted. They seem, therefore, to be 
separate poems, but evidently by the same composer.—(8.) 


Stanza XI. 
Line 1.—That is, hands distributing gold.—(E.) 


STANZA xvi. 
Line 2.—Gulls leave the sea, and are seen on the cliffs, and 
often far inland, on the approach of storma—(E.) 


Srawza xvi. 

Line 2,—That is, divested of its ornaments of leaves, flowers, 
and the like.—(E) 

STANZA XXVII. 

Line l.—Aruwl Melyn was the horso of Pasgen ap Urien (me 
p. 10), Tho meaning here and in some other parts of the poem 
is not very obvious,—(E.) 

STANZA XXXI. 

Line 2.—' Mug maur drevydd.'—* The great burner of towns” is 
Dr. Owen Pughe's rendering of Mug-mawr-Drevydd (“ mug maur 
heuil”), which more literally signifies the great smoke of towns, or 
the smoke of great towns ; but the effect may be put for the canss, 
—(E) He is said to havo been the son of Oesa Cyllellawr, whe 
fought with Arthur at the battle of Badon.—(8.) 


- STANZA XXXIII. 
Line 1.—' Oavall,' except as the name of Arthur frvouitedog 
I have met with only in this place and in the last poem in the 
book, in which this stanza, with some few orthographical varie- 
tions, is repeated. Dr. Pughe seems to consider the word te be 


“hp, 


50 | | NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONB. 


Wie same as cavell, a coll or apartment, the chancol of a church ; 
mwd cites the passage thus (s. v. “ Cafell) :"— 


“ Cyfarfan ain cafell,” 


~wihiich he translates “opposite to my reposing coll ;” but, 4», 
~ Cyfarfan,” as well as in his edition of Llywarch Jen, his 
geading is— 
“ Oyfarfan ain cafull," 
which he translates in the same way ; but the rhyme plainly shows 
that cavell cannot be here intendod, and it is doubtful whothor we 
Should read “ cyvarvuan,” as in tho pasaago beforo, or “ oyvarvan” 
es in the concluding poom. “Cyvarvuan,” which appears to mo 
the better reading, it is pretty evidont is the modern “ cyvarvuant,” 
. fem cyvarvod, to moel ; and “ Cavall” I take to be the namo of 
_ atream or river on the banks of which the rencontro took place.— 
(E) 


STANZA XXXIV. 
Line 1.—‘ Fonogion' (from fon, a staff), persons armed with 
staves, or similar weapons. ‘ Afnuge' = Mwg-Mawr-Drovydd,—(F..) 
Line 2.—The poct apparently means to say that the fate of 
Dredwas, who was inadvertently killed by his own birds, was not 
eo hard as his own. —(E.) 
STANZA XXXVI. 


Line 1.—Liywarch ab Llywelyn usos a similar oxpreesion with 
reference to this son of Llywarch Hon :— 


“ Mab Llywarch ddihavarch ddyndid.”—(E.) 
POEM XXXI. 
Tranelation, Vol. i. p. 261. Text, Vol, ii p. b0, 


This is a very obecure piece. Many of the names which occur 
in it are the same as those mentioned in the Mabinogi of. Kulhwch 
end Olwen. 


Line 11.—The meaning of this couplet, and indeed of many other 
passages, is quite problematical. Davies’ translation (Afyth. of the 
Druids, p. 287) is as followe—“ Though the birds of wrath should 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 351 


go forth, and tho threo attendant ministors should fall asleep” 
But wo aro not informed by what process such a meaning has bea 
elicited from these five worda,—(E.) 


Line 21,—' Trywruid’ This placo is afterwards mentioned u 
'Traethoy 'Trywruìd, and waa the scene of Arthur's battle —(&) 
Lino 42,—' Mynyd Eiddyn, or Edinburgh—the same aa Mysyl. 
Agnod, tho econo of Arthur's battlo.—(8.) 
Ling 80,—The nine maidons or virgins occur frequently in 
Scottish legends, They appoar horo as nino witohos.—(8.) 
Line 84.—Tud = pooplo, men. Compare the Corn. " tus,” Arm. 
“tud,” and Ir, and Gael, fuath. ‘This ia the primary meaning o 
the word, but in more modern Welsh it denotes land ; aa— 
“ Chwi drufaelwyr mor a thud, 
Y bydi gyd a'i gymu, 2 
Elis, Wynn, 1703, 
‘Ye travellors of sea and land, 
‘The world and all its corers,"—(E.) 


POEM XXXII 
Translation, Vol, i, p. 386, Tezt, Vol, ii. p, 53, 


This poom is attributed to Llywarch Hen, It relates to Gwil 
lawg ap Lleenawg, a hero of tho north, 


POEM XXXIII 
Tranalution, Vol. i. p, 203. Test, Vol. ii. p, 54. 

This poom appoars to bo intonded for a dialogue between 
Gwynn op Nudd and Gwyddnou Garanhir. Tho latter appean 
among tho Men of tho North, and as such has a historio character. 
Asa mythio person, ho was king of Cantref y Gwaelod, a region 
submerged by tho sea in Cardigan Day. This poem evidently be 
longs to him in his historic character, as it refers to events in the 
north. —{8.) 

Sranga 1x. 

The one Tawy was the river Tay in the north, the other the 

Tawy in South Wales. : 


a. 


352 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA X. 

Caer Vandwy is also mentioned in the poem called the Preiddeu 

Annwfn.—(S.) 
POEM XXXIV. 
Translation, Vol, i. p. 325. Text, Vol. ii. p. 55. 

This is the most confused, and, to me, unintelligible, of all 
the compositions in the Black Book.—(E.) The mention of Mochyd 
in line 17 seems to connect it with other poems in which Mechyd, 
the son of Llywarch Hen, is referred to.—(8.) 


POEM XXXV. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 288. Text, Vol. ii. p. 56. 
A dialogue between Taliessin and Ugnach.—(E.) 
Staxza v. 


Line 1.—' Caer Seon,’ the city of Sion or Jerusalem. In a 
passage added to Nennius, Arthur is said to have gone to Jeru- 
salem, and returned with a sacred cross.—(S.) 


Line 3.—' Caer Lleu a Gwydyon, the city of Llew and Gwy- 
dyon. What place is meant it is difficult to say. It was at a 
river's mouth, and must have been in or near Menau Guotodin. 
—G) 

POEM XXXVL 


Text, Vol. ii. p. 87. 


POEM XXXVII. 
Text, Vol. ii. p. 58. | 
These two poems are_by Cynddelw, and do not fall within the 
seope of this work. 
POEM XXXVIII. 
Tranelation, Vol, ii. p. 302. Text, Vol. ii. p. 59. 
Line 1.—This poem is attributed to Gwyddneu or Gwyddno 
Garanhir, a prince and poet, and is said to have been composed by 
him when the sea burst over the territory called Cantrev y Gwaelod, 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 353 


or Lowland Hundred, in tho latter part of the fifth, or the beginning 
of the sixth, century of our era, The following judicious remarks 
of the late Rev. Thomas Price on the subject are worth recording :— 
“Tp is stated that the space now occupied by the Bay of Cardigan 
‘was once a fertile and populous plain, the patrimony of Gwyddno 
Garanhir, but on so low a level as to make it necessary that it 
should be protected against the sea by an embankment and flood- 
gates ; and that, in consequence of the latter being left open by 
Seithenyn Veddw, the drunkard, in a moment of intoxication, the 
sea broke in and entirely overwhelmed the whole country. . . . . 
Although the Roman Itineraries forbid our adopting this tradition 
as a correct record of anything that could have occurred to that 
extent in the fifth or sixth century, yet it is nevertheless 

that some such inundation took place on a minor scale at that time, 
or else that some more extensive catastrophe occurred at a period 
anterior to the Roman surveys, and which has erroneously been 
placed in the fifth century. But, be the historical fact as it may, 
tho lines are certainly old, and possess considerable poetical merit. 
Tho opening address to the wretched drunkard, and tho call to him to 
behold the effects of his intemperance ; the twice-uttered maledio- 
tion, and the ery of distress from the perishing inhabitants, borne 
on the winds over the heights of the fortrese—all combine to pro- 
duce as striking an effect as perhaps can be found in the same 
number of lines in any language.”—Literary Remains, i, 144.— 
(E) 

SraNsa i. 

Line 3.—' Uirde' = myrdde, from myr, the plaral of môr, the 
sea, and the affix de, as in tandds, creudde. ‘ Baranres' denotes, 
properly, a rank or file of soldiers; the poet probably intending 
to imply that rows of billows were now raging where soldiers 
formerly used to porform their evolutiona—(E.) 


STANZA mH. 

Ling 21.—' Emendiceid' = ammendigaid, anvendigaid—that is, 
non-blessed, accursed. ‘ Morvin’=morwyn, a maid, virgin, or 
damsel, This word has been variously rendered by preceding trane- , 
lators, Lady Charlotte Guest (Mabinogion, iii. 398) makes it signify 
a_“'sea-guard ;” and Mr. Price (Lit, Rem. i. 145) gives “slave” as 

2a . 


MNE 


354 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


ite equivalent. Dr. Pughe, whose translation of this poem appeared 
in the Cambrian Quarterly Magazine, ii. 17, evades the word alto- 
gether, “Morvin,” sca-brink or beach, which has sometimes 
been adopted, is not so probable a reading, and would not properly 
rhyme with “cvin” (= “ cwyn”), and “ terruin” (= “ terwyn”) in 
the lines which next follow.—(E.) 


Line 3.—' Finaun Wenestir’ = Ffynnon Wenostr, the Fountain 
of Venus. In the “Triads of Embollishmonts,” publishod in the 
folo MSS., pp. 88, 480, we aro told that this is ono of tho namos 
given to the sea :— 

“Tri enw addurn y Môr; Maes Gwenhidwy, Llys Neifion, a 
Ffynon- Wenestr.” 

“The three embellishing namea of the aca: Ficld of Gwenhidwy, 
Court of Neivion, and Fountain of Venus.” 

The origin of the namo may probably be roforrod to the fabu- | 
lous story which roprosonts Venus (Aphrodito) as having boon 
born from tho froth of the occan, and doriving her namo from that 
eircumstance.—Soo Hosiod, Theoy. 196,.—(E.) 


STANZA 11. 


Line ).—' Y vachleilh' = y vachdaith. “ Machdaith” is cx- 
plained by Pugho to signify “a courso of sccurity, a dam or 
embankment ;” but as ho givos no othor authority for tho use of it 
' than this vory passago, his explanation is not altogothor satisfactory. 
My impression is that tho word is tho same as the Cornish mach- 
teth (written mahtheia in tho Cornish Vocabulary, ap. Zouss, 1105), 
a maid or virgin, which in Irish is moidhidean, in Gaol. maigh- 
dean, and in Manx, moidyn. Comparo also the Anglo-Saxon 
mdgdh, the German magd, mddchen, and the English maid. 
Another instance of the use of this word occurs in one of our old 
proverbs, and is as follows :—“ Gorug ei waith a vach y vachdaith ;” 
which scems to mean, “ He that bails the maid has accomplished 
his work ;” but which Dr, Pughe rendors, “ He has comploted his 
work that bails the journey of a surety.” —(Welsh Dictionary, s.v. 
“ Merchiaw.”) 

If my conjecture as to the meaning of “ machdaith” is correct, 
the reading of “morwyn” in the preceding stansa can hardly be 
wrong ; for it is quite evident that the two verses are addressed to 


tho same or similar objects. However unpoetical the bard may 
noom in uttering his maledictions on a fair maid, his conduct, 
cortainly moro reasonable than if he cursed a dead embankment,’ 
ho is gonorally roprosentod to have done, How the maid in que 
tion was instrumental in bringing about the catastrophe so feelingly 
doplored in the poem, must necessarily remain among the mysterin. 
—E) 
STANZA iv. 


Lina 1—Tho import of ‘ merorid’ ia not well ascertained, Dr. 
«Owen Pugho (Oumb, Quart, Mug, ii. 17) translates it “ tho western 
wave,” from a supposition, it is presumed, that it is related to 
“Mor y Werydd” (Oceanus Verginive), a namo formorly applied 1 
the Trish Soa, including St. Georgo's Channol, but now more gene 
rally to tho Atlantic, More probably the word is but another form 
of “ morwerydd,” or “myrworydd,” which ia stated in Dr. Thomes 
Williams's manuscript Latin and Woleh Dictionary (circa 1608), 
to donote “ fremitus maris ;” and it is ovidont that this come 
pretty near the meaning in this poem. - 
“ Prudd vydd ym merwerydd môr, 
Y llong a gollo ei bungor.” 
W, Lleyn, 
“ Dismal will bo, in the tumult of the sea, the ship 
‘That should Jose its anchor.” 
“Morwerydd” occurs scvoral times in tho Black Book, but “mer 
orid” in this poom only,—(E.) 


| 
| 
| 


Brawza vi. 


Lino 3.—“ This last verso is not by Gwyddno, but it is attached 
to tho othors in the old MS., and taken from the verses on the graves 
of the warriors, as inserted in the Welah Archeology, vol. i. p. 79.” 
Owen Pughe.—(E.) 

POEM XXXIX. 
Translation, Vol, i, p. 319. Tezt, Vol. ii, p. 60, 
Stanza 1. 

Line 3.—By some error, the name “ Llywarch” is here omitted in 
the text of the Black Book ; but it must at one time have been part 
of it, The omission is supplied from the Myvyrian.—({E.) 


yn... 


356 ; NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA 1IL 


Line 3.—‘ Llew and Arawn and Urien! These have been in- 
eluded among the sons of Llywarch, but surely they can be no other . 
than Llew, Arawn, and Urien, the sons of Cynvarch. The rhyme 
shows that this line, usually considered the first line of this stanza, 
really belongs to the preceding stanza.—(8.) 


Srawza VII. | 
This stanza, as well as stanzas viii. x. and xi. also occurs in 
poem xxx.—(8.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 35 


1IL. 
THE BOOK OF ANEURIN. - 


Amoxo the Hengwrt MSS, there existed formerly a MS. termel 
in the catalogues the “ Boo of Aneurin." In the catalogue of 
these MSS. by Mr. William Maurice, in 1685, it is thus described: 
“it Caniad y Gododin o waith Aneurin Wawdrydd. It 2d Canisi 
a elwìr Gwarchan Adebon, Gwarchan Cynfelin o Gwarchan Mel 
derw. Hwn o law hen gwedi ei gneadu yn Lundain gan Robert — 
‘Vaughan, Esq., in 8vo, un fodfedd odew.” And the catalogue adds: 
“This is perhaps the most ancient copy now extant of that truly 
venerable and illustrious relic of Welsh poetry called the “Gododin,” 
ote. Lluyd, who examined the Hengwrt MSS. in 1696, thus de 
scribes it; “46 Gododyn o waith Aneurin. Gwarehan Adebon, 
Gwarchan Kynvelyn,  Gwarchan Maelderw o wnith Taliemin. 
Mombr. Antiq. 4to.” 

A MS, containing the same poems was purchased in Aberdar by 
Mr, Thomas Bacon, and given by him to Mr. Theophilus Jones, 
tho historian of Brocknock. While in his possession it was tran- 
scribed by Edward Davies, the author of the Celtic Researches, 
Tho MS, was afterwards given by Mr. Jones to tho late Rev. T. 
Price, rector of Cwmddu ; and aftor his death passed into the pos 
scssion of his executrix, Mrs. Powell of Abergavenny. It wos 
purchased from her by Sir Thomas Phillips, of Middle Hill, 
Baronct. This MS. is a small 4to MS, consisting of nineteen folios 
of parchment, and contains first the “ Gododin,” and secondly the 
four “Gorchanau” in the following order :—the “Gorchan Tud- 
wulch,” “Gorchan Adebon,” “Gorchan Kynvelin," and  Gorchan 
Maclderw.” On p. 20 tho names of Gwilym Tow and Rhys Nan- 
mor appoar in a more modorn hand. Gwilym Tow presided at the 
Glamorgan Gorsedd in 1460, The text of the “ Gododin,” printed 
by Mr, Williams ab Ithel in his edition of that poem, was taken 
from a transcript of this MS, and is very nearly correct, The 
whole of it, with the excoption of the stanzas marked 92, 93, 
94, 0D, 96, and 97, in Mr. Williams's edition, aro in the same 
handwriting ; and the capitals which mark the beginning of the 
stanzas are coloured alternately red and groen. This part of the 


— 


358 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


M8. is certainly of the carly part of tho thirtocnth contury, Stanzas 
92 to 97 inclusivo, are writton in a difforont hand, and tho capitals 
are plain. The part of tho MS. containing tho “ Gorchanau” has 
the first page rubbed and turnod, as if tho MS. had beon sometinios 
folded so as to place thein first, and at other timos with the “ Go- 
dodin” first; and the first four “ Gorchanau” are written in tho 
same hand with the main part of tho “ Gododin,” with the capitals 
- eoloured alternately red and groen. The “ Gorchan Maclderw” is 
written in tho same hand with the two last stanzas of the “ Godo- 
din,” and the capitals aro plain. It is followed bya number of 
lines in the same hand, which appcar not to be parts of tho “ Gor- 
ehan Maelderw,” but additional stanzas of the “Gododin.” 

The “ Gododin ” is declared to bo tho work of Anourin, and the 
“' Gorchan Maeldorw ” the work of Talicssin. 

The opinion I have formed is, that this MS. is tho same MS. 
which once belonged to the Hengwrt Collection, and disappcared 
after Lhuyd oxamined thom in 1696. 

In a lotter which appeared in tho Cambrian Quarterly Magazine 
(vol. v. p. 123), Mr, Prico maintains that it could not havo boen 
the Hengwrt MS. on two grounde—lst, that tho lIongwrt MS. is 
said, in the cataloguo of 1658, to have been 8vo, while this MS. is 
small 4to ; 2dly, that this MS, contains tho “ Gorchan Tudwulch,” 
which is omitted in the list of contents in the IIongurt MS, The 
first objection is of no weight ; for the samo catalogue terms tho 
“ Book of Talicessin”’ likewiso an 8vo ; and this MS., which is still 
extant, is in reality a small 4to, and of exactly tho samo sizo and 
shape as the “ Book of Aneurin ;” and Lhuyd, who eaw it sinong 
the Hengwrt MSS., expressly calls it a 4to. It is plain, therefore, 
that William Maurice applied the torm 8vo to MSS, of this size 
and shape. And tho socond objection is alone insufficient to load 
to the conclusion that the MSS. aro differont ; for it is unlikely 
that the “ Book of Aneurin” in the Hongwrt Collection should 
have omitiod ono of the “ Gorchanau” attributed to that bard, 
while it contained the “ Gorchan Maolderw,” which, as we have 
seen, was attributed to Talicssin, and written in a different hand ; 
and as the page on which the “ Gorchan Tudwulch” appears is 
much rubbed and bruised, and so less distinct, the title might havo 
escaped the cataloguer, The appearance and binding of the MB. 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 350 


#0 much resomble that of the “Book of Talicesin” still in the 
Hengwrt Collection, that tho probability scems greator that this wae 
the MS, which onco existed in that collection, and bore the title of 
the “ Book of Ancurin.”—(S.) 


POEM I. 
THE GODODIN. 
Translation, Vol. i, p. 374. Text, Vol. ii. p, 62, - 

‘Tho grout poem of the “ Gododin " has attracted much attontion, 
from its striking charactor, its apparent historic value, and the 
gonoral improssion that, of all tho pooma, it has the greatest claims 
to bo considered the genuine work of the bard in whoso name it 
appears It was at first supposed to contain the record of a war 
betwoon the tribe termed by Ptolomy the Ottadeni and the Saxons, 
in the sixth contury, when Ancurin lived, till Edward Davies an- 
nounced the thoory that tho ovent really colebrated in this poem 
was tho traditional slaughtor of tho British chiefs at Stonchonge by 
Mongist, usually termed “the plot of tho long knives ;” and this 
thoory was adopted by that ingenious theorist, Algernon Herbert, 
In the whole history of Welsh literature there is, perhaps, not a 
moro curious specimon of porvorted ingonuity than tho elaboration 
of this theory by Davios and lIorbert ; but it has failod to commend 
iteclf to tho judgmont and conviction of othors ; and the opposite 
viow, that it rocordod a battlo or sorios of battles in the north in the 
sixth contury, in which the Ottadoni boro a part, has been generally 
aecoptod. “By both tho poom was considered as one entire poem, 
an authontic production of tho sixth contary. , 

The fìrst to cast doubt upon this was the writer of a letter in 
tho Cambrian Quarterly Magazine (vol. i. p. 864), who is generally 
supposed to have beon Mr. Prico himself, the then possessor of the 
MS, This writor was tho first to point out the line— 

“ A phen dyvynwal vrych brein ao cnoyn,” 
which ho thus translates, “ And the head of Donald rec, the ravens 
gnawed it ;” and to suggest that tho porson here meant was Donald 
Breo, king of Dalriada, who was slain in 643 ; which leads to the 
necessary inference that tho author who witnessed his slaughter in 


360 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


that year could not have boon Anourin. IIo also objects to the 
line— 
“ Er pan actt dacar ar Ancurin,” 


(“ Since the time that earth went on Anourin”), as reforring to the 
death and sepulture of Aneurin, which had already taken place, and 
that the poem could not have been composod by him. 

With regard to the first objoction, he points out that thore are 
obvious inaccuracios ìn the /rish Annals with regard to this ovent, 
the death of Donald being likewiso entered undor 678 and 686, 
and therefore it may have really belonged to a still earlior date ; 
but this explanation is not tenable, for there is no event in that 
early period tho real date of which can: be more certainly ascer- 
tained ; and there is no doubt that it really took place in the year 
642. 

The second objection he does not attempt to obviate ; but the 
weual explanation is that it refers to his imprisonment in a chamber 
under ground, supposed to be described in stansa 45, where he 


“ I am not headstrong and petulant. 
I will not avenge myself on him who drives me. 
I will not laugh in derision. 

Under foot for a while 
My knee is stretched, 
My hands are bound, 
In the earthen house, 
With an iron chain 
Around my two knees. 
Yet of the mead from the horn, 
And of the men of Catraeth, 
I, Aneurin, will compoee, 
As Taliessin knows, 
An elaborate song 
Or a strain to Gododin, 
- Before the dawn of the bright day.” 


Bat this explanation is not satisfactory ; for the language of the 
“ Gododin ” clearly implies that the chamber under ground was the 
tomb in which he was confined by death. Thus in tho noxt stansa 
it is called “ the chamber of death ;" and in the same way it is eaid of 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 361 
Gwair, who is described in tho Preiddou Annwn os similarly in- 


AL AS Ag ———— 
And tl doom sliall continue his lay." ” 

‘Tho explanation secms to mo to be this :—Those old poems an 
froguontly added to and continuod by later hands ; and when the 
continuation is written in tho porson of the original author, the 
machinery is introduced of his being called from his tomb for the 
purpose, The poom of tho “Gododin.” is very clearly divided into 
two parts by the remarkable stanza 45, which Aneurin speaks in 
his own person :— 

“Tam not headstrong and petulant,” ete. 
Ho thon describes the imprisonment under ground ; and this is fol 
lowed by the following lines :— 

“ Yet of the mead and of the horn, 


Who communicates to me his thoughts, 2 
Or a strain of the ‘ Gododin,” 
Before the dawn of the bright day.” 


The first part of the “ Gododin,” before stanza 45, is one con- 
sistent poem, connected together, treating evidently of the same 
war, and with the same characters appearing in it The second 
part, after stanza 45, begins with the line— 

“ The chief exploit of the north did 
The hero accomplish ;” 
and this exploit was 
“ From the cruel, subterraneous 
Prison he brought me out ; 
From the chamber of death,” 
And we are then introduced to a different set of incidents, and to 
_ different characters, not mentioned in the first part, intermixed with 
stanzas relating to tho incidents of tho first. Tho two divisions of 
the poom aro very difforont in their character, It is in this second 
division that Dyfynwal Vrych is introduced, In the first part there 


62 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 


. mo allusion to him whatever ; and, morcovor, tho passages in the 
scond part, which alludo to tho battle of Catraeth, correspond, toa 
ge extent, with similar passages in the “Gorchan Maelderw.” 
consider, theroforo, that tho first part is tho original poem of the 
Gododin ;” and that the second part is a lator continuation, mado 
p partly of passages from tho “ Gorchan Maoldorw,” which was 
tributed to Taliessin, and to which allusion sooms to be mado in 
ve line in which Aneurin says of the rest of tho poom 


“Talicesin communicates to mo his thoughts ;” 


ad partly of later ovents, including the death of Dyfynwal Vrych, 
hich may havo bocn eo far connocted with the battle of Catraeth 
vat the district called Gododin may have boon tho scene of both. 
For this lator continuation, the machinory was dovised of Ancurin 
eing called up from his chamber of doath undor ground; and 
w find the same machinory in a poem to which a continuation 
as been manifostly addod by a lator hand—I mean the “ Cyvocsi 
[yrdin,” which soems to consist of threo parte—an original poem 
eminating with Cadwallader, a continuation to the time of Howel 
ida, and a still lator interpolation of the reign of Henry IL, and in 
hich we find the same machinory of Myrdin boing called from the 
sad :— 
Sr. 117. “ Alas, dearest! the cold separation 

When comes tho day of tumult, 

Thy imprisonment bencath the earth 

By a monarch valiant and fearless.” 


Sr. 121. % Arise from thy prison, and unfold the books 
Of the awen without fear, 
And the speech of Bun and the visions of sleep.” 


consider, therefore, that in the continuation, or second part, there 
i â clear allusion to tho death of Dyfynwal Brych in 643, as having 
appened before that part of the poem was written ; but the first 
art may, notwithstanding, relate to difforent and earlier events ; 
pd in endeavouring to ascertain the historical events which really 
mm the sabject of this poem, it is necessary to distinguish between 
be statements made in the first and in the second division of it. 
Looking, then, to the first division of the poem, we can see that 
be parties to the struggle were, on the one side—/fref, the Bedin 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 363 


Gododin, or host of Gododin. Thus in stanza 3, “ Ho retreated not 
boforo tho Bodin Gododin ;” and in stanza 12, “ Excoodingly great 
‘woro tho bloodahed and doath, of which they wore the cause, before 
tho Bodin Gododin.” Secondly, tho mon of Deifr and Brynaich, as 
in stanza 5, “ Before his blades fell five battalions of the men of 
Deifrand Drynach, uttering groans ; and stanza 9, “ If I had judged. 
me to bo on the aide of the tribe of Brynaich, not a phantom of a 
man would I havo leftalive.” Theso woro the enemies, and a part of 
them wore Saxons, as in stanza 13, Tudvwlch Hir, near his lands 
and towns, alaughtorod tho Saxons for seven days. 

On tho othor side there woro—irst, tho Gosgord, or retinue of 
Mynyddawg, as in stanza 11, “Their blades wero white os lime, 
their holmots split into four parts boforo the Gosgord of Mynyddawg 
Mwynvawr.” The Goagord usually consisted of throe hundred men 
with their threo leaders. Thus in stanza 18, “Three chiefs and 
threo hundred.” Thess wore cut off to a man, as appears from 
stanza 3) :— 

“ The Gorgon of Mynyddawg, renowned in a trial, 
‘Their life was the price of their banquet of mead. 
‘When they were slain they alvo slaughtered : 
Not ono to his native home returned.” 


And in “Gorchan Maclderw :”— 


“ Threo chiefs and three bundred : 
Alas! none returned.” 


Sccondly, tho Brython, as in stanza 18, “ Throe sovercigna of the 
people came from tho Drython—Cywri and Cynon and Cynnin, 
from Acron.” Of this body it is said in stanza 31, “ Three heroes 
and threo score and threo hundred, wearing the golden torques of 
those who hurried forth after the revelry. But three escaped by 
the prowoes of the gushing sword—the two war-dogs of Aeron and 
Cynon the dauntless.” 

Besides these bodies especially mentioned, were the followers 
of numerous other leaders mentioned in the poem. These were: 
first, Caeawg. He is the hero of stanzas 2, 3, 4, and 6. This name, 
like that of Mynyddawg, is obviously an epithet, caeawg being an 
adjective formed from cae, “an enclosure ;” just as Mynyddawg is 
from mynydd, “a mountain ;” and the one signifies the man of 


mr”. 


364 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


the enclosure ; as the other does the mountaineer, Who Cacawg 
was we know from stanza 5, where his name is given as Hyvaidd 
Hir, The first stanza of the poem is usually supposed to be addressed 
to a person called Owen, from one of the lines generally translated, 
“ Alas, Owain, my beloved friend!” But this translation is incor- 
rect. The words are, “ Ku kyueillt ewein ;” and the natural con- 
struction is, “ Thou beloved friend of Owen.” The person meant 
is evidently the same who is celebrated in the four following stanzas 
under the epithet “ Caeawg”—viz Hyfeidd Hir, who is mentioned 
im a poem in the Book of Tuliessin ìn close connection with an 
Owain of Mona : “ Haerndur and Hyfeidd and Gwallawg and Owain 
of Mona ;” second, Tudwulch Hir and Cyvwich, said to be of the 
cìan of Godebawg ; third, Cydywall from Gwynedd, in stanza 19 ; 
fourth, Buddvan, son of Bluddvan ; Aſth, Gwenabwy, son of Gwen; 
eizth, Caredeg ; seventh, Caradawg ; eighth, Rhiwawn Hir. 

The scene of the struggle was Catraeth and Gododin. These 
were not two names for the same place ; but two districts ovidently 
adjoining each other. Stanzas 6 and 7 begin with tho expression, | 
“ warriors went to Gododin ;” and stanzas 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 13, 14, 
which follow, with that of “ warriors went to Catraeth ;” and as a 
part of the enemy were called “the host of Gododin,” it is plain 
that stanzas 6 and 7 describe tho march of the enemy to Gododin ; 
and the stanzas which follow, thatof the British army to Catraeth ; 
and this latter army proceeded from Eidyn Ysgor, or tho fort of 
Eidyn, as in stanza 13 :— 


“There hastencd not to Catraeth 
A chief so magnificent ; 
Never was there such a host 
From the fort of Eidyn ;" 


The country about this fort scems to be called tho Mordei, as in 
stanza 20, “I drank of tho wino and the moad of tho Mordei ;” and 
in connection with Catraeth thcre is ropeated allusion to a rampart 
with a ditch, as in stanzas 31, 27, 39, as separating the armies. 
Mr. Williams sapposes that the Catraeth was the Catrail in 
Roxburghshire, and that this was the rampart meant; and that 
the battle was fought between the Cymry and the Saxons in the 


year 570. 


‘NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 365 


'Villemargu6, in his Poemes des Bardes Bretons, places the battle 
on the banks of tho river Calder in Lanarkshire, from which it was 
called Kaldrtraez or Kaltraez, the name which he gives the battle, 
and fixes ita date at 578. 

Stephens, in his Literature of the Cymry, considers that the | 
subject of the poem is an expedition of the Ottadeni against the 
town of Cataracton, which he considers to be the place meant by. 
Catraeth ; but I believe ho has abandoned this idea, and now con- 
siders it to refer to the battle mentioned by Bede as having been 
fought between Aidan, king of the Scots of Dalriada, and Ethelfrid, 
king of Northumbria, at Degsanstane, in 603. 

Mr. Nash, in a very ingenious paper in the Cambrian Journal 
(1861), identifies it with the battle fought between Oswy and 
Penda, where the latter was slain at Winwedfield, which battle is 
called by Nennius and the Annales Cambria “ strages Gai Campi ;" 
and he seems to identify it likewise with the battle in which Donald 
Bree was slain, which he calls Vraith Cairvin. 

Mr. Vere Irving, in soveral papers, adopts Villemargu6's name 
for this battle, Kaltraez, and considers that it relates to a seven 
years’ struggle, from the year 642, where he finds in the Irish Annals, 
in tho same year with the death of Donald Brec, “ Cath Oswei el 
Britones, to the year 650, when he finds the entry, “ Cath Oesei fra 
Pante.” The latter, however, is an erroneous entry. It refers to 
the battle of Winwedfield, and the same entry is repeated under 
the year 656. 

Tho objection to the first three suppositions is, that they place 
the sito of tho battle far inland, while tho poem clearly implies that 
both Gododin and Catracth woro washed by the sca. A poem in 
the Book of Talicesin rofors to tho Morhoedd Gododin, or seas of 
Gododin ; and the term “ Mordoi” certainly implies that it was on 
the soa-shoro, The theory of Mr. -Nash has certainly one feature 
to recommend it—viz, that tho name “Gaus Campus” docs certainly 
greatly resomble Catraoth. This word is ordinarily spelt “ Cat- 
traeth,” and translated tho “ battle-strand ;" but in every pdem in 
which it is mentionod it is uniformly spelt “ Catraeth ;” and the 
* syllables which compose it are not “ Cat-traeth,” but “ Ca-traeth.” 
Tracth, meaning a shore, may be translated campus ; and the resem- 
blanoe of ca and ga, forming gaus, is very striking, There is, bow- 


366 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


ever, in the poem no allusion to either Oswy or Penda ; and the battle 
where Donald Broc was slain was fought in 642, while the battle 
of Winwedfield was fought in 654. Moreover, tho battlo in 
which Donald Brec was killed is in no chronicle called “ Fraith 
Cairvin ;” and it is much to be regretted that historians will still 
eontinue to confuse matters by quoting at second hand, while good 
editions of the original chronicles are accessible to them, This 
quotation is taken from Riteon’s Annals, which wore compilod from 
the Annales of Tighernac and tho Annale of Uleter, and are full of 
typographical blunders, The account is more correctly givon in 
the odition of theso Irish Annals by O'Connor ; and in tho original 
MSS. the namo is givon in 7ghcrnac as Strathcauin, and in tho 
Annals of Ulster Strath Cairinn. 

For the name of Kacltracz, given to it by Villemargu6, and 
adopted by Mr. Vero Irving, thoro is no authority whatovor. Some 
editions of the Gododin read “ Galtracth” instead of “ Catraeth ;” 
but this does not warrant such a transformation of the word, and 
there is a certain affoctation in using Cymric words in their Broton 
form. The same obeervations apply to Mr, Irving's dates as to 
Mr. Nash's. 

It is plain from tho poem that two districta, callod respoctivoly 
Gododin and Catracth, met at or near a great rampart; that both 
were washod by tho sea, and that in connoction with tho latter waa 
a fort called “ Eyddin.” Nennius montions Manau Guotodin as a 
“ regio in sinistrali parto insulm,” an oxpression equivalent in Welsh 
to “y gogled,” or the north ; that is, that part of tho island north of 
the Humber. The namo Guotodin is plainly tho samo as tho Gododin 
of Aneurin, On tho other hand, Manan is tho samo name as that 
of the Island of Man. Thoro was, thoroforo, an island callod Ynys 
Manau, and there was a district “ yn y Goglod,” called “ Manau Guo- 
todin,” or Manau of Gododin, to distinguish it. The Cymric word 
“ Manau” has its equivalont in old Gaelic in the word “ Manand.” 
And here, too, wo find both an island and a district ; for the Isle of 
Man is called “ Innis” or “ Eilean Manand ;" and Z\ghernac has in 
581 “ Cath Manand in quo victor erat Aedan mac Gabran ;” and 
again, in 711, “Strages Pictoram in Campo Manand a Saxonis.” 
Now the Sazon Ohronicle, in describing the same event, has 
“ Beorhtfrith eoldorman fought with the Peohtas between Haefe 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 367 


and Caere ;” and Henry of Huntingdon has “ Tune etiam Berfrid 
consul restitit superbiw Pictorum, dimicans inter Heue ot Cere; 
ubi multitudine magna Pictorum strata, ultor extitit regis Egfridi 
et consulis Berti ;” and by Gaimar they are called “ dous ewes,” or 
two rivers. 

‘There was, theroforo, a “ Campus Manand," which lay between. 
Haofo or Heve nnd Cacre or Cere, and which seems to have been 
occupied by Picts. 

‘The namo of Fyddin takes us at once to Lothian, where we have 
Dunodin or Edinburgh, and Caredin on tho shore, called by Gildas 
“ontiquissima civitas Britonum.” That the Edin in these two 
names is tho Eyddin of the poom is clear from a poom in the Black 
Book: of Caermarthen, where Edinburgh is called “ Mynyd Eiddin ;" 
and in a poem in tho Book of Talicesin thcre is the expression, 
“Rhuing Dineiddyn ac Dinciddwg,” whore Dineiddyn can hardly 
bo anything but Dunedin, At Caredin the Roman wall terminated ; 
and hero thore was a headland and a promontory jutting out into 
tho Firth, on which was a royal castle called Blackness, whero pro- 
bably was tho “Ynys Eiddin yn y Gogled” mentioned in the Bonedd 
y Saint, Caredin is not far from tho river Avon, and parallel to it 
flows tho river Carron ; tho two rivers enclosing a district at the 
weat ond of which is a great moor still callod Slamannan ; in old 
Gaelic, “ Sliabh Manand,” or tho moor or plain of Manand. This 
is “Campus Manand,” and the Avon ond Carron are meant by 
Haofo and Coore, Gododin, which contained it, was therefore equi- 
valent to the north part of Lothian, and was washed by the Firth of 
Forth. The Jrish Annals froguontly montion a district called Cala- 
thros, as in Tighernae, “ Cath i Calathros in quo victus est Domnal 
Breo ;” and in 736, “ Bollum Cnuico Cairpre i Calathros uo etar linn 
du ;” which latter placo can be identified as Carribor on the Avon, 
near Linlithgow. Calathros, thorofore, adjoined this district, Ite 
Latin form was Calatria, In a charter in the chartulary of Glas- 
gow, Duffodir do Calatria is a witnoss ; and Waltor L’Eapes, in his 
addross at tho Battlo of tho Standard in 1130, as reported by Ailred, 
in alluding to William tho Conquoror’s expodition to Abernethy, 
says, “ Cum Anglim victor Williolmus Laodoniam Calatriam Scotiam 
uequo ad Abernacth ponotravit ;’ where Calatria is placed between 
‘Lothian and Scotland proper north of the Firths, Calatria is surely 





a, 


368 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


the Cymric Galtraeth, which wo know was tho samo place as Cat- 
raeth. The roquiremonts of the sito scom, thorofore, satisfied in that 
part of Scotland where Lothian meots Stirlingshire, in tho two dis- 
tricts of Gododin and Catraeth, both washed by tho sea of tho Firth 
of Forth ; and whore the great Roman wall terminates at Caredin, 
or the fort of Eidinn. 

As to tho dato of tho battle, wo aro not without indications. The 
poem opens with several stanzas devoted to two herocs disguised 
under the epithets of Cacawg and Mynydawg. Cacawg is derived 
from ear, mcaning in its primary senso “ an enclosuro ;” in its socond- 
ary, “a necklace.” Mr. Williams has understood it in its latter 
sense, when he translates it “adorned with his wreath ;' but as the 
true signification of Catraeth scoms to be “ tho strand of tho cae, or 
enclosure,” I am inclinod to think that it ìs here used in its primary 
sense, and that Cacawg significs “the man of the enclosure,” in con- 
tradistinction to Mynydawg, “the man of tho mountains,” or tho 
moantaineer. Caeawg, the poom tells us, was Hyfaidd Hir, of 
whom it is said in ono of tho 7riads, “ Threo kings, who were of 
the sons of strangcrs—Gwryat, son of Gwryan yn y Goglod ; and 
Cadafel, son of Cynfedw in Gwynedd ; and Hyfeidd Hir, son of 
Bleidic in Deheubarth.” Cadafael, however, is mentioned in another 
Tyiad os having killed Jago vab Beli, king of Gwynedd, who was 
succeeded by his son Cadvan in 603, who ruled over Gwynedd and 
all Wales. The period when these three interlopers reigned was 
apparently prior to 603 ; and this is the exact period when, in the 
line of monarchs, the direct lino is interrupted, and Caredig is inter- 
posed between Maelgwn and Cadfan—a period extending, according 
to Matthew of Westminster, from 586 to 603. 

Now, there seems to be an allusion to Hyfaedd having been 
contemporary with two plebeian kings in Gwynedd, and the Gogled 
im stanza 4, where it is said of Caeawg— 


9 He repelled the violence of iqnoble men, and blood trickled down, 
For Gwynedd and the Gogledd would have come to his share 
By the advice of the son of Ysgyran, 
Who wore the broken shield.” 


Again, in stanza 19 Cydywal is mentioned in connection with 
Gwynedd. In stanza 30 Gwrien is mentioned among the enemies ; 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 369 


and in stanzas 28 and 29 Caredig ie celobrated as the amiable leader, 
This would placo the battle botweon 586 and 603, 

But who was Mynydawg, or the mountaineor, of whom we know 
that hia gosgord, or retinue, consisted of three hundred and three 
warriors, and that they wore slain to a man, while he escaped and 
was ultimately victorious? Now Adomnan, in his Life of St. 
Columba, has the following heading to one of his chapters, “ De 
Bello Miathorum,” and proceeds thus: “ Alio in tempore, hoo est 
post multos a supra memorato bello” (Culdrebene, fought in 561) 
annorum transcursus, cum cssot vir sanctus in Ioun insula, subito ad 
suum dicit ministratorem Diormitium, Cloccam pulaa. Cujus sonitu 
fratros incitati ad ecclesiam, ipso sancto presule preeunte, ocius 
currunt. Ad quos ibidem flexis gonibus infit: Nuno intente pro 
hoc populo et Aidano rege Dominum oremus; hac enim hora ineunt 
bellum. Et post modicam intervallum ogressus oratorium, respicions 
in coolum inquit, Nuno barbari in fugam vertuntur ; Aidanoque, 
quamlibet infolix, tamen concossa victoria est, Sed et de numero de 
exercita Aidani interfoctorum, trecentorum et trium virorum, vir 
‘beatus prophotico enarravit.” ‘Tho allusion to tho threo chiefs and 
three hundrod slain at Cattracth sooms unmistakable ; and if so, 
Mynyddawg was Aidan, king of Dalriada. The combatants were 
therefore, on the one side the Britons and the Scots under Aidan ; 
the enemy or “ Barbari” were the pagan Saxons and the half-pagan 
Picts of Manau Guotodin, here called tho “bedin” or host of 
Gododin. The identity of the battle of Catraeth with the * bellum 
Miathorum” of Adomnan enables us to fix its date ; for in another 
chapter, in giving the fate of the sons of Aidan, he says: “ Nam 
Arturius ot Eochodius Find non longo post temporis intervallo 
Miathoram superius memorato in bello trucidati sunt ;” and Tigh- 
ernac, in 696, has “ Tugalatio filiorum Aidan—i¢, Bran eb Doman- 
quet et Eochaidh Find et Artur i cath Chirchind in quo victus est 
Aidan.” Tho history of Caeawg, therefore, places the battle between 
586 and 603, and that of Mynyddawg fixes it at 596, 

Tho first part of the poom alone relatos to this battle ; the second. 
part, or continuation, contains in it an allusion to the death of 
Dyfynwal Vrych, or Domnal Breck, which the bard saw from the 
heights of Adoyn. The date of this event is known to be in 643, 
The site is not difficult to fix. Tighernac calls it Strathoauin ; the 

28 


370 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Annals of Ulster, Strathcairinn. The upper part of the valo of tho 
Carron, through which the river, aftor rising in tho Fintry Hills, 
flows, is called Strathcarron ; but it also bore tho name of Strath- 
eawin. Thus in the Morton chartulary thero is a chartor by Alox- 
andor IL which mentions “ Dundaf ct Strathkawan qu fucrunt 
foresta nostra ;” and Dundaff adjoins Strathcarron. In tho Statis- 
tical Account of the parish of Fintry thero is the following notice : 
“ At the foot of tho rock which encircles the wostern brow of the 
Fintry Hills there is a considerable extent of table-land, and on 
the descent below this starts out a knoll, commonly known by the 
name of the Dun or Down, of a singular appearance. Its front is 
a. perpendicular rock fifty foot high. Tho western extremity of this 
rock is one solid mass.” This is surely tho height of Adoyn.--(8.) 


Stanza 1, - 


Line 1.—That ‘ Gredyf,' the first word in the Gododin, is a 
eommon, not a proper name, admits of but little doubt, though 
Sharon Tarner and Probert tako it in tho latter sense. The samo 
view is adopted also by Zeuss, who remarks (Grammatica Celtica, 
951): “ Primum inter bellatores Cambrorum contra Anglos poéta 
eelebrat juvenem, cujus nomen est Gredyf (Gretimus = ibus! cf. 
adj. hod. graid, ardens, verb. griediaw, flagrare), sed in luctum mox 
vertitur de interitu ejus in proelio,” The modern form of the word 
îs “ greddy,” disposition, habit, or instinct, which is in common use 
at the present day. —(E.) 

Line 17.—* Ku kyueillt Ewein' is generally translated as if the 
bard addressed Owain as his friend or companion. This view may 
be correct, but the more natural construction is to consider the 
friend of Owain, and not Owain himeelf, as the person whose death 
is here deplored —{E.) 

Stanza IL 


Line 1.—It is not quite obvious whether ‘ Cacawg’ in this and 
the three following stanzas should be regarded as tho namo of a 
person, or simply as an appellative. The word, which is properly 
an adjective, means one having or wearing a wreath or torque. It 
will be noticed that the fifth stanza begins with “ Caeawg,” and 
ends with “ Hyvaidd Hir” as ite hero.—(E) “ Caeawg” is an ad- 
jective, formed from “ cae,” an enclosure, a necklace, a wreath. It 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 9n 


may thoroforo mean tho man of the enclosure, in contrast to “ Mynyd- 
dawg,” tho man of tho mountaina.—(S.) 


Line 2.— Diffun ;” various explanntions of this word have been 
suggostod, but fow of thom aro satisfactory. I translate it quite 
literally, taking it to be compounded of tho privative prefix “di” 
and “ffun,” breath. Tho hero being represented as standing 
“ broathlosa” in the presence of a lady may be intended to show 
that, bold and couragoons as ho was in the face of the enemy, he was 
gentle ovon to diffidonce in tho social circlo ; and this contrst 
‘between tho warrior in tho field and in tho hall is in sevenl 
a Ys RA eee 

AN OUR YOU 8 
following line of Bedo Brwynllys— | 
“A phan oedd ym ffunoedd yd,^— 

Mr. Williams ab Ithel translates “ diffun" by “ troops unattended.” 
But I am not aware that “ ffun” (allied to the Latin funia) is ever 
usod for a band or troop. Zeuss, fancying that “ diffun” ia derived 
from “ pun,” a word used by Llywarch Hen in the sense of equal or 
equivalent, renders the passage as follows :— 

Caeauo antecessor ubicunque veniebat 

Partem a femina principe mulsi tenebat, 

(Celt, Gram. 953.) 


The Rev. Evan Evans, who translates portions of the Gododin im 
his De Bardis Dissertatio, leaves this part of the stanza blank, being 
evidently unable to satisfy himself as to the meaning. Tho Rev. 
T. Price's rendering, though not quite literal, seems to come pretty 
near the sense intended— 
“ Honourably in the presence of the maiden he distributed 
the mead."—(E.) 


Srawza ur. 

Line 1,—' Kynnivyat’ (from “ cynniv,” conflict), one accustomed 
to the conflict Zeuss, who, contriry to the MSS, writes the 
word “cynnyvist,” and translates it “condomitor,” as if derived 
from “dov” or “dovi;” but the root is obviously “gniv,” tod, 
conflict, a word of comparatively common occurrence in our ancient 


372 | NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


writers, Cyndelw applies “cynnivial” as well as “cynnivwr” 
te the Lord Rhys :— 
“ Cynnivwr cynniv nid diover, 
Cynnivyad cynneddv Alecsander.” 
' Elywarch ab Llewelyn calls Meredydd ab Cynan 


“ Mur graid cynniviaid Cynan ;" 
And Greffyd ab Cynan 
& Mab mad cynnieiad Cynan.”—(E) 
Line 2.—' Ebyr,’ the places where rivers enter the sea.—(E.) 


Line 6.—' Manawylf, according to Dr. W. O. Pughe, means, 
“ the staff of a banner or standard.” Accordingly, he translates this 
passage thus :— 

“ There was a confident impelling forward of the shaft of the varie- 
gated standard.” 

Zenoss regards it as a verb formed from “ ban,” high ; and Ab 
Jthel adopts it as tho name of a person. The probability, how- 
over, is, that it is the namo of the place where the “ broitholl” 
or battle occurred.—(E.) It is another form of Manau, and is, no 
doubt, the Cath Manand of Tighernac, and the Bollum contra 
Euboniam of the old Welsh Chronicle, fought by Acdan in 683.— 
(8) 

Sranga tv. 

Line 2.—For ‘ godiwawr, wo should, with several of tho copios, 
probably read “ godrwyawr,” from “ godrwy,” a wroath or chain. — 
(E.) 

Line 10.—* Hyfaidd hir.’ No othor name is mentioned in con- 
nection with the epithet Caeawg, and I believe it applies to ' Hy- 
faidd hir’ throughout,—(S.) 

Stanza V. 


Line 1.—' Men went to Gododin, This and the next stansa 
describe the Bedin Gododin marching to battle.—(8.) 


Line 4,-—' Bodgad,' The same as Badcat, or Batheat, now Bath: 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 373 


gate, The heroes are often described as “son of” the place of 
their birth.—(8.) 
SIANZA vi. 

Line 5.—' Ket elwynt e lanneu e benydyaw' is generally rendered 
“They should have gone to churches to do penance;” but the 
original can hardly be made to bear such a meaning, “ Ket" 
(= yd) as an adverbial particle, signifies though, since, seeing th, 
bocauss that, forasmuch, while, and has no negative force what 
ever. Compare Stanza 44, lino 1. What the poet seems to imply 
is, that (hough they went to churches to do penance, they did not 
escape the inevitable fate of death ; in other words, their having 
done penance did not avail them in the day of battle, since they 
entered the field in a state of intoxication —{E) 

STANZA vi, 

Line 1.—' Gwanar' Dr, Pughe, in his Welsh Dictionary, m 
is often the caso with that elaborate work, gives us two different 
renderings of this line, neither of which seems to supply the true 
meaning, Thus, «, v. “ Gwanar,” the translation is :— 

“ Heroes wont to Gododin, a laughing course.” 
But, a. v. “Diachar,” the couplet is rendored in this manner :— 
“ To Gododin warriors hied ; the leader 


Smiles at tho uplifting of his jowel 
By tho host of torrifie toil.’—(E,) 


Line 3.—' Em bedin, rendered “ jowelled army” in Ab Ithel 
translation, is nothing more than ym mydden, in, or “ on the army,” 
the proposition yn hero changing into ym before a labial,—(E.) 

STANzA vin, 

In this and tho six following stanzas, the forces on the side of 

tho Britons aro described as marching to Catracth.—(8.) 
STANZA IX. 

Line 6—' Dilyw' I tako to be “diliw,” a phantom; but it may 
be “diluw,” deluge, as understood by the Rev. G. Evans, whe 
rendors the lino :— 

 Aoque ac diluvium omnes una strage prosirarem.”—(E.) 





374 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Stanza x. 
Line &.—' Gwynnodi,' from “ gwynnod,” a white mark, a butt. . 
Line 6.—' Mwynvawr,) of great courtesy or kindness, courteous. 
—(E) The three hundred mentioned in this and the 8th stanza 
“were the retinue of Mynyddawg.—(8.) 
STANZA XL 
Line 5.—‘ Phurawr.’ Tho Book of Aneurin has “ phurawr ;” 
but as “pluawr,” plumes, which is the reading of somo copies, 
appears to make better sense, I adopt it. “ Pluawr,” in connection 
with military matters, occurs also in another writer contemporary 
with Aneurin :— ° 
“ Gwedy meirch hywedd, a chochwedd ddillad 
A phluawr melyn 
Main vy nghoes, ried oes ym dremyn.” 
Llywarch Hen. 
“Coch,” in the same line, should apparently be “ cochad ;” for 
“ na phurawr” (or phluawr) implies that a comparison is intended. 
—(E) | 
STANEA xu. 


Line &.—' Bedydd.' Baptiem is constantly used by the early 
bards synonymously with Christianity,—(E.) 


STANZA XI. 


This stanza describes a single hero going to Catraeth, and names 
him Tudvwlch Hir. —(8.) 


Line 2,—' Ne’ (nou, noud, or neus) is probably hore to bo 
taken in an affirmative senso, as wo are ropoatodly told in other 
parte of tho poem that all tho warriors who went to Catraeth had 
pertaken too freely of mead and wine bofore entering the fleld. — 
(E) 

Line 3.—The meaning apparently is, that he was unlucky on 


this occasion, though his previous career had been remarkably 


Line 9.—' Eidyn yegor.’ The fort of Eiddyn or Caredin on the 
Firth of Forth, where the Roman wall terminated.—(8.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 875 


Line 11,—Some supposo that the word ‘ech,’ here translated 
near, is equivalent to the Greck «x or Latin ex, and accortinely | 
translate tho passago— 

“ Tudywlch Hir deprived of his lands and towna” 
But it is moro probablo that it is simply a mutation of “ ach,” near, 
close by, as “ ach eilaw," by his hand, Similar mutations are by no. 
means uncommon in the productions of tho carly barda, Dr. 
Pughe’s translation of tho passage is curious :— ; 
“ Tudvwich the Tall, a spot of earth reduces him to corruption.” —(6) 

Ling 13.—! En wreyd. Tt is not vory easy to ascertain the 
right reading here, Some of the copies read “yn wr rhydd” and 
others “yn wrryd.” I regard “ wrvyd” as equivalent to “ orvydd,” 
from “ gorvod,” to conquer, subdue, or overpower,—(E.) 

STANZA xv. 

Line &,—' Meibyon Godebawe’ were the descendants of Coe 
Godebawo or Coel Hen, who formed the main portion of the Men 
of the North—(S.) ‘Enwir.’ Though the prefix en has gener 
ally an intensive force, we find “enwir” very commonly used by our 
oldor writers, and even in the Welsh translation of the Bible, ina 
nogative sense, convertibly with “ anwir,” of which in this caw 
it must be considered a mutation, But as tho sons of Godebog 
appear to be roprosonted hore as fighting on the side of the Britons, 
wo may assume that tho opithot is intended to be taken in ite pro- 
per and honourablo accoptation, “Enwir” occurs again in the 
62d stanza, whero ite relation to “cywir,” drus, right, faith/d, is 
clearly indicated. —{E.) 

Starga xvi. 

Line 3.—' Bluduo' appoars to bo a proper name, probably of 
a river. A similar word occurs in an carly poem attributed tê 
Meigant :— v 
“ Plwds y danav hyd ym mhen vy nghlun.” 

Ab Ithel affirms that “it is certain that Meigant uses the word " in 
the senso of blood, and conformably to this view he thus translates 
the passage— · 

“Under me was blood to the top of my knee” 


mf”. 


376 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


But to me this does not seem so clear, as a person may be knee- 
deep in water as well as in blood.—(E.) 


Line 9.— That is, in the number of the enemy,—(E.) 


STANZA XVII. 


Line 14.—' Arued.’ The rhyme, supposing the stanza to be 
complete, would, instead of “arued,” require “aruel” (arvel), the 
form found in several copics.—({E.) 


Line 20.—“ No shield was unexpanded” is Ab Ithel’s version. 
Dr. Pughe's is as follows :— 
“There was not the want of forwardness of shield.” 
One copy, instead of “ diryf” has “ eiryf” ( = eiriv) number :— 
“There were shields without number.” —(E.) 

Line 38.—For ‘ vreisc’ wo should in all probability read “ vras," 
to suit the rhyme. Both words as used hore are nearly synonymuus. 
—(E) 

STANZA XVIII. 

Line 3,—' Pymwnt’ = pummwnt, pum mwnt, “ Mwnt,” used 
im a strictly numerical sense, stands for ono hundred thousand ; but 
here, as elsewhere in this poem, it seems to be employed in a general 
eense to signify a large number.—(E.) 

Line 5.—Ab Ithel translates this line—* three hundred knights 


of battle ;” but there is no hundred in the original. “Tri si chat- 
varchawc,” “Si” = sy, sydd, ts, there te,—({E.) 


Line $.—' Tri eur deyrn dorchawe’ = three golden kings wearing 
a wreath; a sort of tmesis for “tri theyrn ourdorchawg,” three 
golden-wreathed kings, —(E.) 

Line 14,.—* Llew,' a lion, is possibly a clerical error for “ llewod,” 
lions. The line as it now stands is a syllable too short for the 
metre, and the verb (“ ledyut ”) being in the plural, requires a plural 
noun for its subject. But supposing “llew” to be the right read- 
ing, the line might be rendered— 


“ Lake a lion they would kill dead as lead."—(E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. oT 


Line 1.—' Deivyr diuerogyon' is rendered by Davies “ the men 
who dropped into Deira ;” and by Ab Ithel, “ the men who dropped 
from Deira;" both apparently forgetting that “ diveru” (now gene 
ally written “dyveru”), unlike tho English fo drop, is never usd 
but in its proper physical senso, and that it invariably refers to some 
liquid. Even if men actually dropped from the region of the clouds, 
no Welshman would ever employ “dyveru” to describe that act 

“Deivyr,” besides being the name of the district called Deira, — 
forma aleo the irregular plural of “dwyr,” water; so " deivyr 
diuerogyon” may mean distillers of waters.“ Deivr” for “dyv- 
. roedd,” is very frequently met with both in old and comparatively 
modern writers, With “ deivyr diuerogyon” of the Gododin, com 
pare “ Gwydyl diefyl dinerogyon” and “ Gwydyl kyl diuerogyon” 
of the Book of Talieesin.—(E.) 


Stanza xix. 
Line 1.—' E Mordei' = ym Mordai, in Mordai.—(E.) 
Line 14.—' Athrwys ac affrei? The meaning here is by no means | 
obvious, Tho version adopted is partly that of my predecessors, 
which is based on readings different from what we find in the Book 
of Aneurin.—(E) 
Stanza xx. 
Line 3.—The meaning of “fawt ut” is doubtfal ; but taking 
+ it as equivalent to “ffawd hud,” the import would be that the fach 
to which the bard alludes was the necessary consequence of giving 
way to the allurements of mead and wine.—(E) u 
Line 3.—' Colwedd' is to all appearance a proper name, The 
various readings of the word show that the ancient transcribers 
were much puzzled by it. —(E) 
Line 6.—This line in Gorchan Maelderw (p. 100) stands thue— 
“ Pressent kyuadraud oed breichyaul glut ;” 
which Dr. Pughe (Welsh Dict. v. “ Breichiawl”) translates— 
“Present, ere he spoke, was carried with the arma”—(E) 


Sranga xxi ' 
Line 1.—The stanzas opening ' Men went to Catracth’ seem to 


$78 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


indicate different events in tho war, and tho fate of difforent por- 
tions of the combatants, This stanza commemorates a body consist- 
ing of 363 heroes, who were different from the 300 who formed the 
vetinue of Mynyddawg.—(S.) 

Line 6.—' O wrhydri foseaiotl,' Ab Ithol converts into, “ by valour 
from the funeral fosse ;” but the import seems to be that given by 
Evans (De Bard. Diss. p. 73) :— 

“Non evasere nisi tres, qui sibi gladiis viam muniebant”—/(E) 


Line 8.—‘ Om gwaetficu,’ must mean either “ from the spilling 
of my blood,” or “from my spilling of blood ;” and tho. passage 
eannot be rendered, as Ab Ithel docs, “ from the spilling of blood,” 
im a general sense, Davics is hero more correct: “through my 
streams of blood.”—(E.) 

Stanza XXII. 

Line 3.—‘ Gwyn Dragon’ must have been a Saxon commander. 
—(8) 

Line §.—‘ Aclawd’ is a limb or member; but it is here trans- 
lated Aearth, on the supposition that the word is used in this place 
Ín the sense of “ aelwyd,” the term now in common use for hearth 
or fireside. Davics translates the line thus— 

“ Base is he in the field, who is base to his own relatives.” 
And Ab Ithel— 

“ Ho crept into the martial field, he crept into our families.” 

It îs hardly necessary to add that “ aelawd ” signifies neither “ rela- 
tives” nor “ families.”—(E.) 

Line 1.—' Llivyeu.' The form of this name in Gorchan Mael- 
derw is “ Llif."—(E.) 

STANZA xXID. 

Line 1.—' Hoewgir' in the Book of Aneurin; but the Myvyrian 
copy has “ Hoewgi ;” and the rhyme shows that this must be the 
correct reading,— (E.) 

STANZA XXIV. 

Line 1.—Unless ‘ adan,' which meant a wing, be a proper name 

im this place, it is difficult to make sense of the passage. We find 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 39 


further on in tho poem (at, 86 and 02) montion made of a person 
bearing this namê.—(E.) 

Line 2,—' Orwydan' ( = gorwyddan) appears to be a diminutive 
of “ gorwyd," a war-Jiorse, 

Ab Ithel finds in this word tho name of Prydwen, King Arthur's 
thicld ; but the copy from which we translate has not the slightest 
allusion to anything of tho kind, nor doos the name occur in any of 
tho various readings in Ab Ithel's edition, the nearest approach to 
it being “ prwydan,” or “prydan,” Tho name prydwen, as applied 
to Arthur's shield, it is almost superfluous to add, is a creation of 
modimyal romance, 

‘The opening lines of this stanza, according to the Myvyrian text, 
are thus versifiod by Dr. Owen Pughe (¢. v. “ Talfrith”) :— 

“ His painted front on ample shoulders soare, 
Which marks the hero, swifter in his course 
‘Than Prwydan, when the sound of war he hears, 
And sees the thick incessant gleam of spears” —(E.) 

Line 4.—More literally, “there was sun,” which Davies am- 
plifies into “ the rays of the blazing sun.”—(E) 


Line 13,— Eleirch, probably an error of some scribe for 
“ efeirch = ei veirch, his horses; but it should be noticed that all 
the copies read “'eleirch,” and that it is not unlikely that a sort 
of alliteration may be intended between this word and “ olo” in the 
same line.—(E.) 

SrANzA xxv. 

Line 1.—' Camb’ = camm = cam, crooked, bent ; wrong, foln. 
The form “camb” will be recognised in Morecambe, Camboduntm, 
and other ancient names. See Zeuss, Gram. Celt. 75, 96, 835.— 
(E) 

Srauaa xxv. 

Lino 5.—That is, probably, to bring slaughter on the enemy, and 
support to his countrymen,—(E.) . 

Line 8.—' Meinnyell, a word which I have not met with elee- 
where, may be from “ main,” the plural of “maen,” a stone; or 
from “ main,” slender, small, narrow.—{K.) . 


380 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA XXVII. 


Line T.—The achievements of his sword wore talked of and 
admired by mothers.—(E.) 

STANZA XXX. 

Line 1.—‘ Gurien.’ It is doubtful what namo is hore in- 
tended. Our text has “vrun ;” and other copies oxhibit tho 
following readings :—“ Fron,” “unun,” “uron,” and “vrun” vel 
“uryen.” It is pretty evident that a person is intended, not 
“ bryn,” a hill, as some aro disposed to translate it. A monosyllable, 
ig may be added, will not suit the metro.—(E.) 


Sraxza XXXI. 
This stanza begins “ Mon marchod with spood,” and describes 
the fate of tho retinue of Mynyddawg, which consisted of 300 mon, 
of whom not one returnod.—(S.) 


STANZA XXXIV. | 
Line 8.—' Wit uap Peithan'—Gwit or Gwid is obviously a 
Pictish name, and tho Picts aro called Poithwyr in ono of the moet 
authentic poems in tho Book of Talicesin. Three sons of Wid 
were kings of the Picts from a.p. 631 to 653.—(8.) 


STANZA XXXV. 


Line 1.—'‘ Anvonawe' (from “ anvon,” to sent), so full of por- 
sons scent thither from different places to take part in the conflict. 


—(E) | 
STANZA XXXVI. 

Line 5.—I consider ‘ Eithinyn’ (tho masculine form of “ eith- 
inen,” a furse) to be tho proper name of tho horo celobrated in this 
sianza, and “ volaid” an opithet qualifying it, ‘ Afolaid' here 
appears to be from “ moli,” fo praies ; but “ molaid” (from “ mol”) 
signifies also, spotted, dappled ; and in this latter soneo the word 
appears to be used by Llywarch ab Llewelyn in the following pas- 
eage :— 

Merch . ... 
Ymmhole lliw ceinwiw can ryvygaid dyn ; 
Yn velyn, yn volaid.” 


In eupport of the supposition that “ Eithinyn” is a proper name, it 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 381 


may bo remarked that this is not the only name of the kind taken 
from botanical nomonclature, Compare Collen, Onen Greg Ysbyd- 
daden, Bencawr, ote.—(E.) 


Stanza XXXIX. 

Lino M,—' Nar, which signifies a dwarf or pigmy, may be a 
propor namo, for wo find “ Noddig Nar" introduced in a subse- 
quont stanzo.—(E.) 

STANZA XL. 

Lino 4—! Wyr' (wyr) moans grandson; and “ wyr," the 
plural of “gwr,” signifios men, If tho bard intended “wyr" to 
rhymo with “oryr,” in accordance with what we find in some of 
tho other linos, the latter form must bo tho correct one,—(E.) 


Lino 9.—! Hen, tho quantity of which is long, can hardly be 
tho corroct reading in this placo, I conjecture that the original 
form of “am hon” was “ ymbon” or “unbon,” a chigftain, monarch, 
or sovereign, which lattor occurs in tho following stanza :—' Rae 
trychant unben."—{E.) 

Lins 11.—' Doudoo' (= douddeg). This lino occurs at the end 
of stanms 93 and 04, with “dehouos,” a sigh, substituted for ” 
“ doudoo,” twelve, Which is the correct roading, if either, I will 
not undertake to decide ; but it is pretty evident that “ deudes” 
and “ dohoueo” aro intended for ono and the same word —(E) 


STANZA XLL 

Lino 1.—Thia is identical, to tho very lotter, with the opening 
line of the proceding stanza, Thoro is, therefore, no ground for 
translating, as Ab Ithol docs, tho ono “the most learned man, and 
the other, “the most learned woman,”—(E) 

Line 5.—Tho hero alluded to had probably had some adventare 
with a wolf, This couplet, with some variations, oocurs agein in 
the lest stanza —(E.) 

BTANZA XLV. 
Line 4.—' A dan droet ronin.' Gronyn,” literally & grain or 


382 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


particle, signifies also a while or short space. Should we take the 
word in its primary acceptation, tho line might be rendered— 
“ Under foot there is grain” (or gravel). 
Ab Ithel gives us a somowhat strango translation of this passeage— 
“This particle shall go under foot ;” 
and illustrates it by this quotation :— 
| “ Nid â gwaew yn ronyn ;” 
of which he gives a still stranger translation— 
“ Pain will not become a particle.” 


This adage will be found in the collection of Wolsh proverbs 
printed in the third volume of the Myvyrian Archeology, and the 
meaning is intelligiblo enough: “A lance will not go into a 
particle,” implying that the smaller of two objects connot contain 
the larger.—(E.) 

Line 6.—This line is evidontly imperfect Of “bundat' I 
know not the meaning, having never met with the word ex- 
cept in this passage, Ab Ithel says, as if the matter admitted 
of no doubt, that it is from “pwn,” a load. I am inclined to 
think that the first syllable “bun,” may be alliod to “mun,” a 
hand ; and it is not at all improbable that tho bard’s hands, as well as 
his legs or knees, were confined, and that that is the particular part of 
his person that is here intended, Of course the translation of such 
a line can only be conjectural. —(E.) 


Stanza XLVII. 
Line 7.—‘ Vythmeirch’ = myth = veirch, meirch meth or 
mythion, fest horses.—(E.) 


STANSA XLVIn. 

Line 10.—* Wyt yn dywovu' is not very intelligible, Tho whole 
etansa is confessedly difficult, and in many places probably cor- 
rept—(E) 

STANZA LL 


Line 3.—' Heli bratwen.’ For “heli,” brine, I read “heb,” 


” NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 383 


without ; the similarity of the words being sufficient to account for 
tho supposed error.—(E.) 
BTANZA LiL. 


Line 2.—Tho ridgos of Drum Essyd may refer to the Kilsyth 
hills ; tho old form of the word was Kilvosyth.—(8.) 


Stanza Lyi, 


Ab Ithol very appropriately romarks that tho first lines of this 
stanza may bo translated in divers ways, A similar remark might 
apply to tho wholo of tho stanza, and indeed to several other stanzas 
in the poem.—(E) 

Lino 6,—' Buddugro' in stated by Dr, Pogho (Weleh Dict, s.v) 
to moan—" tho impellor, or hastoner to victory; the demon of 
war ;” and ho adduces tho following couplot from Marwnad Corrol 
vab Dairy, a poom ascribed to Tulicssin, in support of his explana- 
tion :— 


“Tra vu vuddwgre vore ddygrawr, 
Chwodlan am gwyddir owir hyd lawr." 
“ Whilo tho demon of war was in the morning heaping carnage, 
Rumours fell to mo down from the air.” 
Dr. Fr. Carl Meyor (Dia noch Lobendon Keltisohen Volkerschaften, 
p. 45) secs in “Buddugre” the namo of a goddess, and gives 
“ Schlachtgeschrei” (war-cry) as ita German equivalent—(E) 
Line 10,—' Heit' =haid, swarm. If “haidd," barley, were 
intended, as somo suppose, the form probably would be “ heid."—(E) 
Lino 17.—Thoy had boen awake, drinking mead and wine, the 
night before tho battle, when they ought to have been eslesp; 
and now the bereaved mother of Rheiddun is, in consequence, 
sleepless from sorrow for the fall of her son.—(E.) 


Srawza Lx. 
Line 4.—' Mal) which probably is the right reading, anything 
ground, meal. —(E.) | 
BTANZA LXL 


Line 3.—' E hw,' most likely, stands for echu = echw, a Aorse, 
—E) 


En. 


384 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA LXII. 


Line 1.—‘ Angor' means an anchor. It is here taken as a pro- 
per name; and “ Angar,” a name found in other writers, may be 
bat a slight variation of the same word.—(E.) 


Line 13.—8See stanza xv.—(E.) 


STANZA LXIII. 
Line 4.—That is, the courage inspired by intoxicating drink. 
—(E) 
Line 6.—‘ Cibno’ is said to signify a cup, but here it has the 
appearance of a proper name,—(E.) 


STANZA LXV. 

Line 2.—' Aeron.’ Other MSS. read “Auon' Tho Avon, 
which falls into the Firth of Forth, noar Careden, is the river pro- 
bably meant, and the name “ Aeron” scems preserved in the Jron- 
gath hills, past which it flows.—(8.) 

STANZA LXVI. 

Line 4.—That is, as it would appear, he spared none of these 

things, if by means of them ho could Procure a minstrel.—{E.) . 
STANZA LXVII, 


Line 3.—‘ Gwahanhon' occurs in tho 73d stanza. Davies and 
Ab Ithel translate it as an appellative,—(E.) 


STANZA LXVIII. 

Line 1.—It is not quite clear whether “ Nyved” in this passage 
is & common or a proper noun. Dr. Pughe renders it “ sanctity ;” 
Davies, “ holy ones ;” and Ab Ithel, “holy one.” I prefer leaving 
it in ite original form,.—(E.) 

STANSA LXX. 
Line 1 .—' Dynin' = dynyn, a little man.—(E.) 


STANZA LXXL 


Line 3.—' Kywyl' = cywydd (from cy and gwydd) may perhaps 
signify a collection of trees, or grove, as well as a song; and 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 385 


this view seems to receive some support from the next line—"E 
lad ar gangen"”—unless the latter stands here for “ gagen,” a cleft or 
breach. But we aro not justified in taking “cangen” in the third 
line, as Ab Ithel does, to signify a breach, and in the fifth to mean 
a branch, the word being precisely the same in both placex—(E) 
Stanza Lxxu, 

Line 2.—' Reapers; warriors that carry all before them. See 

stanza Ìxiv,—(E.) 


Line 4.—Alluding to the chief or leader mentioned in the first 
line—(E) 


Stanza LXXMI. 
Line 1,— Dina} apparently an error for “ diva,” to destroy.— 
(E) ¢ 
STANZA LXIV, — 


Line 1,—For ' agerw; vapovr, I read ““agarw” (from “ garw”), 
rough, harsh, severe, If agerw” be the right reading, it may still 
be a modification of “agarw,"—(E.) 

Line 10,—' Sychyn' (diminutive of “sweh), a small plongh- 
share ; here possibly the iron head of some wespon resembling a 
ploughshare.—(E.) 

i STANZA LXXV. 

Line 3,—' Dinus.' I cannot understand how “dinus” can be 
a compound of “din” and “'ysu,” as stated by Ab Ithel. If nol a 
proper name, it may be an epithet derived from “din,” a fort, In 
that case “bedin dinys” would mean the army of a fort or city. 
+E) 

BTANZA LXXVI. 

Line 9.—' Aryf' in ancient writings constantly stands for “ arv,” 
@ weapon, and not for “arav,” slow, the sense in which Davies and 
Ab Ithel seem to understand it in this passage, For the oddity of 
the expression here omployed, Aneurin, not his translator, must be 
held responsible. “ Aryf” may be used for the person that bore it, 
—E) 

STANEA LXXVIL 
Line 4.—Being somewhat doubtful as to the import. of “ preig- 
20 


386 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


lyn,” I follow my predocessors in translating it crosier, Tho pro- 
baebility is, however, that “preiglyn” is a corruption of “ periglyn ” 
( = perygìynt, from “ peryglin,” to endanger) ; and, if this view be 
correct, the line might be translated thus :— 

“ His heavy shafts cndangered the priest's head.”—(E.) 

STANZA LXXVIUI. 
Tine 6.—This line— 

“ A phenn dyvynwal a breych brein ae cnoyn,” 
ie generally translated in the same way as the last line of stanza 
lxxxix. 

“A phenn dynynwal vrych brein ae knoyn”— 

“ And the head of Dyvynwal Vrych, ravens devoured it.” 


Bat the two lines are not identical, and this difference exists not 
only in the Book of Aneurin, but in all the other copies except the 
transcript of the Rev. Evan Evans, made about a century ago.—(E.) 


STANZA LXXIX. 

Line 8.—' Kenhan' is probably a mistake of some early tran- 
ecriber for “kenhau” = ceneu, cenaw, a whelp. Some copies 
read “ Cynon.” —(E.) 

STANZA LXXXII. 

Line 8.—The readings of this line vary considerably, but none 
of them gives us much assistance to arrive at tho meaning. 
For “llew” I read “llain” with the Myvyrian and three other 
copies ; and by “ gwelir” I understand “ gwylir” (from “ gwylio,” 
to watch). But should we adopt “llew,” tho reading found in the 
Book of Aneurin, the passage might be rendered in this way :— 

“The utterance of the lion was carefully watched.” —(E.) 


STANZA LXXXIV. 


Line 3.—‘ Fun’ = bun, a woman, a maid, a fair one. Some take 
this word to stand for “ ffun,” which does not appear probable. 
See note on “ffun” in stanza ii. The multitude of cares (“lliaws 
pryder”), of which the poet here complains, seems to have been 
caused by his anxiety on account of a certain maid, as well as on 
account of the army.—(E.) 

Line 8.—' Kelleic’ ( mecellaig or cyllaig), the dweller in the 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 387 


celli or grove, ia ono of the old Welsh names for the stag ; and 
“kelloic ffaw" might here be translated “illustrious stag.” The 
name appears to be applied to the leader of the Argoedwya—(E) 


Stanza LXXXVI 

Line 4.—Seo stanza xeii. 

Line 6.—‘Gelwideint’ is evidently the same with “ gwelydeint” 
of the 92d stanza; but which is the more correct reading it is not 
easy to decide,—(E.) 

__ Line 16.—Tho words employed in this line are intelligible enongh; 
but what the bard intended to predicate of the “ damael, and maid, 
and hero,” it is difficult to conjecture. Ab Ithel thus render the 
passage :— 

“ Even he, who was like a dame, a virgin, and a hero,” 
That is, according to him, “ in domestic life he was as refined as a 
lady, modest as a virgin, whilst in war he was brave and high- 
minded.” This may be all true, but the poet does not say ao. The 
meaning may be that the lady, the servant-maid (for “ morwyn" 
has that import), and the hero, all shared the same fate.—(E.) 


STANZA LXXXVII. 
The bard, in this stanza, which affords an apt illustration of the 
bathos, appears to be deploring the degeneracy of the days of the 
eon compared with those of the father.—(E.) 


Line 3.—' Chwit' is one of the Welsh words for & whistle; and 
“chwit chwit,” is commonly used to imitate a person whistling or 
calling on dogs.—(E.) 

Line 16.—' Llewyn a llwyvein, It is difficult to ascertain the 
particular animals which these words respectively represent, The 
former might denote a young lion, a white lion, or any beast in 
general to whose eating faculties the word Weva would be applicable, 
The latter might signify any animal whose haunts were the elm- 
forests, or whose property was to llyvu, or to lick, as does a dog. 
The fox being named llwynog, from lwyn, a forest (a grove or bush), 
and the forests in the north being chiefly of elm, it is not unlikely 
but that the said animal was frequently called Usyoain in that part. 


— 


388 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


of the country when the bard wrote, though it is not known now 
by that name. It is remarkable that both terms also signify certain 
kinds of wood ; the former the herb orach, the latter the elm.—J. 
W. ab Ithel. 

In addition, it may be remarked that “llewa” is applicable to 
any animal, the word signifying simply to eat, devour, or consume ; 
and we find it employed even in reference to drinking :— - 

“ Llewais wirawd, 
Gwin, a bragawd.” 
Talietein. 
As regards the “ llwyvain,” it is evidont that it cannot by any legiti- 
mate process be deduced from Hyun, Were it not that “ gwytewch ” 
eccurs in a proceding line in connection with “ ywrch” and “ hyd,” 
we might infer that that word, as well as “ llewyn ” and “llwyein,” 
represented the name of some celebrated hunting-grounds.—(E.) 


STANZA LXXXVIII. 
Line 1.—' Gwair Hir’ here may be a proper name, Taking it 
as such, we might render the line thus— 
“ Before Gwair Hir was covered under the aod,"—(E.) 


Line 8,—' Ffervurch.’ Ab Ithel, unsupported by a single MS, 
reads “ Morarch,” apparently for no other reason than that the 
name “ Morarch ” occurs in some of the later barda,—(E.) 


STANZA LXXXIX. 
Line 1,—This line may be rendered also :— 
“ I eaw the men who with the dawn dug the deep pit ;” 
Or, 
“ I eaw at dawn a great breach made in the wall at Adoyn ;” 
9 
“ I saw the men who had made a great breach, approaching with. 
the dawn.”—(E.) 
STANZA XO. 

Line 3.—' En emwyd' ia perhaps a corruption of “ er enwyd " 
(myrenwyd) If “en emwyd” bethe correct reading, the passage 
appears inexplicable, unless we take “ emwyd” as the name of a 
place.—(E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 389 


STANZA XOL, 

Line 1.—Such is Ab Ithel's version, “ Gardith tith ragon” is 
to me unintelligible. The passage is in all probability corrupt, a 
appears to be the case with the greater part of what follows to the 
end of the poem —{E) 

Sraxaa xcn. 

Line 4.— Cas ohir.' This expression Ab Ithel converts into 
a proper name, “Caso Hir,” but none of the copies present that 
form. This stanza, which is a repetition of the 86th, appears to be 
mado of different fragmenta, The difference in many of the form 
which evidently stand for one and the same word shows that the 
toxt is in a very corrupt state,—(E.) 


Stanza xoii. 
Line 1.—Compare stanzas xl. xli. and xciv. 


Lino 3—'That is, supposing ples hen” to stand for “ plygain." 
—E) 

Line 5.—' Uray' =“ gwrag " or “gwyrag," a bow. “ Haneai” 

— “angai,” from “angu” or “engu," to loosen, to set free or at 
Ìnrgo.—(E) 

Line 6.—' Gwyr, which, as an appellative, signifies men (Lat 
viri), I lenvo untranslated, having an impression that, like “ Gynt” 
in tho following stanza, it is a proper name, though I am not able to 
say to what peoplo it may rofor. ‘ Prydein’ in this place must be 
equivalont to Pryden = Prydyn, hero probably the inhabitants of 
Scotland, or of a part of it, though tho term is generally applied to 
the country rathor than to the people.—(E) 

Lino 7.—Tho ‘kelein’ (coluin) referred to was perhaps killed 
by mischance, For ‘rein’ some copies have “vein” (= main), a 
much preferablo reading.—(E.) 


STANZEA xoiv. 
Line 8.—This couplet, with some variations, ocours in the 4lŵ 
stann.—(E.) 





a. 


390 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Line 9.—This line appears to have no connection with the pro- 
ceding portion of the stanza, and it is ovidont that it docs not belong 
te this place.—(E.) 


POEM It. 
GoRUHAN TuDVWLCH. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 410. Text, Vol. ii. p. 93, 


Gorchaun (from tho intensive prefix gor, and can, a pieco of 
poetry, a song, or poom) has gonorally beon translated sncanla- 
tion; but apparently without sufficient reason; for tho word 
does not neccssarily nor primarily convey that moaning. Tho 
term is ‘of froquont occurrenco in Wolsh prosody, in which it sig- 
nifies, as correctly explained by Pughe, “ tho canon, or fundamental 
part of song ;” that is, ono of tho primary or principal motres, as 
distinguishod from tho socondarios or derivatives, which are called 
adlawiaid, The following passage from Cyvrinach y Beirdd, p. 73, 
exemplifios this usage of tho word :— 


Yr allawiaid a ddawant oll o golofnaur Naw Gurchan; ag am 
hynny y geÌwir y gorcÂanau ynddyledogion gogyfurdd ; am fod yr 
edlawiaid fal gwcision dyled iddynt. 

“ The derivatives all come from the verses of the ninc canons ; and 


therefore the canons are called superiors coegual in rank, on account of 
the derivatives being like ecrvants dependent upon them.” 


The reason why these compositions wore termed gorchanau was 
not because they were supposed to contain any incantation or on- 
chantment, but becauso they were considered to be a species of 
poetry of the highest order, as may be inferred from the argument 
prefixed to Gorchan Maelderw. . 

Gwarchan is merely a different orthography of gorchan, and 
both forme are used indiscriminately. 

As far as I am able to understand these ancient and very diffi- 
cult documents, there is nothing in them that would justify their 
being called Incantfatione, in tho usual meaning of that term. With 
the exception of Gorchan Adebon, they appear to be much on the 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 391 


same subject as tho Gododin, and aro probably no more than img- 
ments of that work; for there are not wanting indications that 
that poom, oa it has come down to us, is far from complete; and 
tho fragmentary character of these gorchanau must, it is presumed, 
strike every reader, It is possible, also, that fragments of some 
othor carly poems may have become mixed up with them, 

Tudvwich, the hero who forms the subject of this gorchan, is 
in the Gododin called “'Tudvwlch Hir,” or the Tall. He is ale 
celebrated in Gorchan Maelderw, Ho is mentioned nowhere except 
in thoso carly poems,—(E.) 


POEM IIL 
GoncHAN ADEBON. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 622, Tl, Vol, ii. p. 04. 

This gorchan consists of a fow provorbs, of which some may 
‘be secon in the collection in tho Myvyrian. Tho opening ones are 
plain enough, but tho moaning of tho romaining portion is not ao 
obvious, Tho motro, which consists of threo lines rhyming togother, 
would load to tho inforonce that somo of the linos have boon lost. 

Adobon, whose name is profixod to it, but who cannot be re 
gardod in any way os its subject, appoars to have boen a warrior of 
tho sixth contury, Ho is also montionod by Taliessin.—(E.) 

Lino 8.—Tho roading of tho Myv. Arch. is different :—* Ny 
cheri y gynouin gyvioith” » Thou wilt not love the common 
mothor-tongue.—(E.) 

Line 9.—Thot is, an effeminato person (mwythwas, anwychwas, 
or gwas mwythan) dolights in daintios and voluptuous ‘pleasures, 
rathor than in horsos (emys) and manly achiovements.—(E.) 

Line 11,—For “colli, we should possibly read “colit ” = eoledd, 
to cultivate or cherish—“ Cultivate peace at home."—(E.) ; 

Line 14.—The signification of this line is not very intelligible, 
especially as we are not cortain whether we should take “ medel " 
in ite usual meaning of— a reaping, a company of reapers,” which 


ne, 


392 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 


has been assumed in the translation ; or read “mothe,” “a foil, or 
defeat ; an embarrassment or perplexity.” In the latter case, tho 
_ passage might be renderod, “ High stones are barriers to the foo.” 
Llywerch Hen had a son whose name was Medel, and who is men- 
tioned by the venerablo bard in the “ Elegy on his Old Ago” 


(P. 266) :— “ Maen a maìawe a medel 


Dewrwyr di yssic vioder : 

Selyf heilin llawr lliwer.” 
Should the allusion be to that hero, tho meaning would be, “ Like 
a high rock (a ‘ Stonewall’) was Medel to his foes.” 

Dr. Pughe (Welsh Dict. a,v, “Dywonu”), taking Maen (“ Mein ") 
as a personal name, gives the following version of the concluding 
couplet:— 

“ Maen, his slain heap of foes is high ; ho smiles on the incantation 
of Adebon.”— (E.) 


Line 15.—‘ Dyben ' ( = end, or conclusion), is here conjecturally 
substituted for “dy ven” of the Book of Aucurin, and.“ dyuen " 
of the Myv, Arch., under the impression that such was the original 
reading. The substitution of v or u for b having occurred through 
the inadvertence of some early scribe, the meaning of the last line 
was overlooked, and another line of similar was added to show the 
conclusion of the piece. The signification, acoordin to the received 
reading, is given in the extract from Pughe's Dictionary in the pre- 
ceding note. —(E.) 


POEM IV. 
GoncHAN CYNVELYN. 
Translation, Vol. ì. p. 413. Teat, Vel. ii. p. 94. 


That the allusion here is to the romantic story of Twrch Trwyth, 
which constitutes the principal portion of the Mabinogi of Kilhwch 
and Olwen, there can scarcely be a doubt. This story in the 
original Welsh, with an English translation and highly interesting 
notes, will be found in the second volume of Ledy Charlotte Guest's 
Mabinogion, This curious tale, Lady Guest remarks, “appears to 
be purely British. The characters and events which it celebrates 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 393 


aro altogether of native origin, nor has any parallel or counterpart 
‘beon discovered in any other language, It abounds in allusions to 
traditions of personages and incidents belonging to a remote period ; 
and though it is truo that some fow of these have now become 
obscure or unintelligible, yot many are, ovon to the present day, 
current in the principality, Of a much greater number, though all 
distinct recollection has ceased to oxist, yet the frequent references 
mado to them in Bardic and other remains, prove that, to our 
ancestors at least, they wore well known ; and so numerous are the 
instances we meet with of this class, that wo may safely infer thet 
all the allusions this Mabinogi contains were generally familiar to 
those for whom it was designed."”—Mabinogion, íi. 319.—(E) 


Line 3,—More literally, “ If I were to poetise, if I were to sing, 
‘my superior lay would cause luxuriant buds to spring up.”—(E) 
Line 4.—The name is sometimes written Twrc Tywyd, or the 
Bursting Boar, as may be seen in the following instances taken 
from two of the most eminent bards of their day :—. 
“ Keffid eu ceinllith kwn kunllwyd 
Keffynt veryon voreuwyd 
Keffitor ymdwr am drwyd—heuelyt, 
Twrch teryt y ar vwyd. 
Cynddelw: Myv. Arch. i. 261. 
“Y tro a neth ir Twrch Trwyd, 
I Ddavydd a addevwyd.” 
I. G. Cothi. 


With Trwyth or Trwyd compare the Irish triath, a hog.—(E) 


Line 5,—For (rychinfwrth (which I take to be from frychw, to 
cut, lop, or mangle, and burthio (burth), to thrust or repel), the Rev. 
Edward Davies (Afythology, p. 618) roads trychinfierch (from trychs, 
and ffwrch) ; but as ho secs a close connection between this gorcbaa 
and the figures on the coins of Cunobelinus, this is possibly a com. 
jectural emendation resorted to in order to make the description in 
the poom refer moro pointedly to tho figure of a horee “ cut off at 
the haunchos” as reprosentod on those coins. Burth, it is obserr- 
able, appears again in the composition of the word “ govurthyach” a 
little furthor on in the poom,—(E) | Sc 

1 


——— 


394 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Line 6,—The allusion appears to bo to the river Severn, in which 
the encounter took place between Twrch Trwyth and Arthur and 
his warriors, at which he lost two of the “ tlysau”—the “ ceinion,” 
er precious things, mentioned in the next line, which were the 
comb, scissors, and razor, which Twrch had between his ears, and 
for the purpose of obtaining which the hunt was undertaken. 
The comb with which he escaped from the Severn was taken from 
him in Cornwall,— Mabinogion, ìi. 314, 316.—(E) 


Line 48.— The allusion to the Fort of Eiddyn in this line con- 
mects this poem with the events of the Gododin, to which the 
eubsequent lines more or less refer.—(S.) 


POEM V. 
GoRCHAN MAELDERW. 
Translation, Vol, ì. p. 414. Text, Vol. ii. p. 97, 


Line 31.— Dinas Ffaraon is the same as Dinas Emmrys in Snow- 
down. It is a rocky detached eminence, or a small insulated hill 
situated in a most romantic valley in the parish of Beddgelert, 
Caernarvonshire.—(E.) 

Line 25.—‘ Goegordd mavr mur, the great retinue of the wall, 
Probably the body of 900 often alluded to.—(8.) 


Line 30,.—The mention of Eiddyn connects this poem with the 
scene of the Gododin.—(8.) 

Line 41.—The expression of  Dremrudd,' in line 53, shows that 
this was ' Rhun Dremrudd,' son of Brychan.—(8.) 

Line 50.—The three lines beginning 

“ Am rwyd am ry ystofllit" 

I do not pretend to understand. The following is Davies’ render- 
ing of the passage :— 

“Im the network which surrounds the sovereign, dispose thou the 


threads of wrath, dispose wrath in the flowing streamer. Irkeome in 
front be the glance of the radiant presence.”—(E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 395 


Line 6T.—Here, according to Davies, Gorchan Maelderw con- 
cludes, “ What follows consists of various fragments of the Gododin. 
and other pieces of the sixth century. In the ancient MS. from 
which I copy, these detached scraps are properly separated from the 
reesting: paw ka ——— Fi 
Myth, p. 688.—(E) 

Sranza 1. 


Compare with the Gododin, stanza li. 


Stanza vi. 
Compare with the last six lines of stanza xxiii. of the Gododin. 


Stanza vu. 
Line 4.—This line occurs in the Gododin, stanza xx. 


Lines 9 and 10.—These lines occur in the same stanza of the 
Gododin. u 


STANZA VII. 
Linea 7 and 8 occur in stanza xxii. of the Gododin. 4 


Stawza IX. . 
The first two lines of this stanza occur in stansa lxii. of the 
Gododin. 
Stansa x. u 
Compare the last four lines of this stanza with part of stanm 
lxii. of the Gododin. 
STANEZA xu. 
Compare this stanza with stanza xxvi. of the Gododin. 
Sraxza xix. 
Compare this stanza with stansa xlviii. of the Gododin. 


STANEA XX. 
Compare this stanza with stanza xlii. of the Gododin. 


Stanza xxiYV. | 
Compare this stanza with stanza lxviii. of the Gododin. 


396 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


- J STANZA Xxv. 
Line 1.—Compare this line with the first line of stanza xxxix. 
of the Gododin. 
— STANEA XXVII. 


Compare this stanza with stanza lxx. of the Gododin, 


STANZA XXVIII. 
Compare this stanza with stanza lxix. of the Gododin. 


STANZA XXXIV. 
Compare the first five lines of this stanza with the first six lines 


of stanza lxv. of the Gododin; and the last two lines of this stanza 
with lines 8 and 9 of the other. 


STANZA XXXV. 
Compare this stanza with etanza lxiii. of the Gododin. 


STANSA XXXVII. 


Compare the fragment of this stanza here contained with stanza 
lxvi. of the Gododin, 

The lines not here noticed have no corresponding lines in the 
Gododin. —(S.) 

The conclusion is wanting in the original, and a few of the 
closing lines are scarcely intelligible,.—(E.) 





Iv. 
THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN. 


‘Tue MS. called the Book of Taliessin is a amall quarto MS. writte 
on vellum, in one hand throughout, of the early part of the fou 
teenth contury, and has always been in the Hengwrt collection. | 
consists now of thirty-eight leaves of vellum, and at the botêom « 
‘one of the pages is the name of Robert Vychan or Vaughan, whic 
shows that it was one of the MSS. collected by him. The out 
page both at the beginning and at the end is wanting, and the Mi 
now begins in the middle of the poem known by the name 
“ Prif gyfarch Taliessin,” and onds in tho middle of a poem calle 
“ Darogan Katwaladyr.” 

One of tho poems in this book montions the Books of Bed 
and another the line of Anaraut, who died in A.p, 913, so that the 
pooma cannot have boen brought together into one collection ti 
tho tonth contury, On the other hand, none of the poems att: 
‘buted to Jonas Athraw, and none of those which refer to Hen 
are to be found in it. 


POEM I. 
Tranalation, Val, i. p, 284, ‘Text, Vol. ii. p. 108. 


Tho Book of Taliossin being dofective both at the beginnir 
and tho end, commences in tho middle of a poem. It is îì 
poem usually termed “ Prif gyfarch Taliossin,” and a complete coy 
will be found in the Red Book of Hergest, No, xxiii. p, 301, whic 
800. 


POEM IL 
MARUNAT Y vin Vers. 
Translation, Vol. i. p, 545. Text, Vol. ii. p, 109. 


This poem, and tho poems Nos, v. and xvii, are the only tv 
contained in the Book of Taliesin which are of the class of religio 
poems, and do not contain historical allusions, The second la 
stanza appear to be a fragment of a Latin hymn. 


398 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM IIL 
BuUARCH BEIRD. 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 523, Tezt, Vol. it. p. 115. 


This is one of a class of poems in which Taliessin, or tho pseudo 
Talicesin, applies a number of epithets to himself, It is of no his- 
torical value, and is classed with others of the same character, . 


POEM IV. 
ADUVYNEU TALIESSIN. 
Translation, Vol. ìi, p. 550. Text, Vol. ìi. p. 116. 


This poem likewise contains no historical allusions. It is 
classed with the religious poems, 


POEM V. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 552. Text, Vol. ii. p. 118. 
This poem is also of a religious character. 


POEM VI. 
ARYMES PRYDEIN VAWR, 
Translation, Vol. ì. p. 486. _ Te, Vol. ii. p. 123. 

This poem is in the Myvyrian Archaology attributed to 
Golyddan, a bard said by the Triads to be the bard of Cadwaladyr, 
bat there is nothing in the poem iteelf to show that it was written 
by him, and it seems to be merely a conjecture arising from the 
frequent mention of Cadwaladyr in the poem, which places it at a 
period subsequent to that in which Taliessin flourished. It is 
contained, however, in the Book of Taliessin, and belongs to a class 
of poems in the same book in which Cadwaladyr is likewise men- 
tioned. The opening lines are the same as those of another poem, 
No. xlvii. . 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 399 

Line T.—' Caer Weir, probably Durham on the Wear, 

Line 9,—' Dulyn! The Gaelic equivalent is Dubhlinne, or 
Dublin. U 

Line 10,—The whole Gaelic race is here comprehended under 
tho Gael of Ireland, Anglesea, and Prydyn or Scotland. 

Line 11.—' Chiudwys.' The men of the Clyde, or Strathclyde 
Britons. 
Line 15.—'Gwyr Gogled.' The Men of the North, a term used 
for the Cumbrian and Strathclyde Britons, 


POEM VII. 
AN0AR KYFYNDAWT. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 525. Text, Vol. ii. p. 129. 


This poem contains no historical allusions. It is of the same 
class as poem No. iii. 


POEM VIIL 
Kar GopEu. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 276. Text, Vol, ii. p. 187. 


This poem has been considered in Chapter xi. It is classed 
with the poems relating to the Gwyddyl of Gwydyon ap Don. They 
are described in lines 28 to 38 under various figures, The refer- 
ence in lines 32 and 34 to a combat at the root of the tongue, and 
to anothor in the occiput, I cannot help suspecting refers to the 
moet striking difference between the Cymric and Gaelio—vis. 
the interchange of gutturals and labials, which might be called a 
combat at the root of the tongue ; and it is remarkable that in the 
erania found within the limite of ancient Mansa there is an 
artificial compression in the occiput. Godeu was certainly the 
name of a district, but the word also means trees, and the subject 
of the poem soon passes over into a symbolical battle of trees, It 


400 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


800m also to have a philological meaning, as in lines 51, 52, 58, 
64— 
“ The Lord answered them 
Through language and element : 
Take the forms of the principal trees, 
Arranging yourselves in battle-array.” 


And in lines 199 and 200— 


“ He will compose, he will decompose, 
He will form langunges,” 


POEM IX. 
MAB GYFREU TALIESSIN. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 543... Test, Vol. ii. p. 144. 


This poem contains no historical allusions. It may be classod 
with Nos, iii, and vii. 


POEM X. 
DARONWY, 
Tyanelation, Vol. i. p. 209. Text, Vol. ii. pp. 147. 


This is a very curious poom. Daronwy belongs to the tradition 
of the Gwyddyl in Gwynedd. According to tho pedigrocs connoctod 
with them, he was tho son of Brynach, or Urnach Wyddel, by 
Corth, daughter of Brychan, and tho grandfather of Gwydyon. It 
is claesod with poems containing allusions to the same traditions, 
and placed first as relating probably to the earliest events. The 
acene of the poem is, however, in the north. 


Lince 3 and 4.—The power of Daronwy seems here compared 
to the billows rolling over the beach. 


Line 19.—The same figure is here used. Four sovereigns, and 
a fifth mentioned ín the two following lines, are hore represented 
as coming over the strand. They are probably the five chiefs of 
the Gwyddel Ffichti mentioned in another poem (xlix.), as preced- 
ing the Norddmyn in Bernicia 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 401 


Line 28.—Tho two dames, one single and the other a widow, 
wurely refer to Monenna, who founded a church at Duneden, 
or Edinburgh, a place mentioned in line 51, and was accompanied 
by "una vidua.” 

Lino 42, Tho princes from Rome were no doubt the eoclosinntio 
of tho Christian church, 

Line 43.—' Dineidyn' is Edinburgh. ‘ Dineidwe,' probably an- 
othor name for Magedawe or Mugdock, These two places indicate 
a district betweon Edinburgh and Mugdock—that is, Manau, 

Line 50,—' Kaer Rian'—the city of Ryan, or Loch Ryan. “Kaer 
Rywe” probably refers to Sanguhar or Sonchaor, the old city, which 
is on the Crawick, a name formed from Caer Rawick, as Cramond 
is from Caeramond, Those two places indicate a district botwoen 
Loch Ryan and tho Nith, or Galloway, and in these lines the two 
regions peopled by tho Picts appear an tho scene of Daronwy's power. 


POEM XL | 
Translation, Vol. i, p. 337. Text, Vol. ii. p. 149. 


Mr, Stephens places this poem in his first class of Zfistorieal 
Poems of the Sizth Century; but in his attempt, in an article in 
the Archaologia Cambrenais, to identify the places mentioned in 
the poem with localities in Wales, ho entirely fails. They are 
easily found in tho north. 


Line 9.—' From the bush of Maw and Eiddyn, The Mos 
of Maw is on tho bordors of the countios of Edinburgh and 
Poobles, in tho parish of Pennicuik, and Eiddyn is Edinburgh. 


Lino 1T.—' Agathes’ is probably Irongath Hill near Linlith- 
gow. lt is on tho east sido of the river Avon, which we leam 
from the Gododin was also called tho Aeron, and probably sp- 
poars in tho first part of tho namo “Iron.” Sir R, Sibbald, in 
his History of Linlithgowshire, saye—" The tradition is current 
that there was a fight betwoon the Romans and the natives under 
Argadus in this hill, and that it had its name from Argad.” Arged 
was the name of a son of Llywarch Hen. 

2D 


402 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Line 19.—' The Region of Bretrwn’ is that part of Ayrshire 
where the promontory of Troon is situated. 


Line 23.—' Aeron ' is the Avon. 


Line 33.—' Arddunion' is Ardinning, near Mugdock, in the 
parish of Strathblane. 


Line 35.—' The Wood of Beid’ is the moor at Beith in Ayr- 
- shire, where there was formerly a wood. 


Line 21.—' Mabon’ appears to have been a name applied to the 
district about Lochmaben in Dumfriesshire. 

Line 39.—' Gwensteri. There is a river which separates 
Cumberland and Westmorland, and another in Derbyshire, called 


the Winster. As this battle was against the spearmen of Lloegr, 
it was probably in the south. 


Line 31.—‘ The Marsh of Terra.’ The Statistical Account of 
Inch, in the county of Wigton, contains the following :—*“ What 
are called ‘the stepping-stones of Glenterra’ are not a little curious. 
About three feet deep, in a peat-moss, there is a regular file of step- 
ping-stones extending about a quarter of a mile, These must have 
been placed to form a passage through a swamp previous to the 
growth of the peat-moss,” 

There seems to be a record of the battle in “four large un- 
polished stones placed erect, and forming a circle, At a distance of 
some yards stands a single stone. They are called by the country 
people ‘ The Standing Stones of Glenterra.’” 


Line 39.—' Pencoet Cledyfein.' This seems to be the same event 
mentioned in poem xxxvi., line 25, as “ Kat glulvein gueith pen 
coet"—the battle of Clutvein or Cledyfein, at the head of the 
wood. As Clut is the Clyde, Clutvein is probably the Cluden, and 
in the parish of Holywood, on the north bank of the Cluden, where 
it falls into the Nith, the author of the Statistical Account says,— 
“The lower part of this parish was unquestionably at an early period 
@ guerceîum or oak-forest, extending most probably to Snaid, a dis- 
tance of eight miles.” It was termed the Holywood, and a monas- 
tery was afterwards founded here, called “ Abbatia Secri nemoris.” 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 403 


‘Tho writer adds— Not moro than a quarter of a mile south-west 
of the church eleven large stones are placed in an oval form, They 
are situated near tho lower termination of the Sacred Grove,” am 
cord of the battle at Pencoed, the end of the wood, As the enemies 
aro termed tho Peithwyr, this name must have been applied to the 
Picts of Galloway. 

Lino 43.—' Gafran' is either intended for Girvan in Ayrshire, ot 
for the country of Gavran, father of Aodan, or Dalriada,  Bree- 
cheinawg” is hero probably applied to the district about “ Eiddyn” 
mentioned in the preceding line, which was inhabited by the Cat- 
bregion, The scene of the poem is thus entirely in the north. 

In the Verses of the Graves, stanza vii, the grave of Gwallawg 
is thus montioned :—*In Carawg the grave of Gwallawg Hir” 
Carawg is Carrick in Ayrshire. 


POEM XII. 
Graswawr TALIESSIN. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 300, Text, Vol. ii. p. 150. 


_ The reference in line 26 to the line of Anarawd shows that this 
poem refers to events subsequent to Anarawd, the son of Rodri 
Mawr, who died in 913. 


POEM XIIL 
Kapeir Taressin. 
Tranilation, Vol. i. p. 533. Tezt, Vol. ii. p. 151. 


‘This poem is of the same clase with Nos. iii and vii, and is 
ranged with them accordingly. 


POEM XIV. . 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 274. Text, Vol. ii. p. 153. 


This poem is connected by it» title with the legedds of the sone 
of Llyr, and is fall of allusions to the heroes of that Mabinogi 


- 


404 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


There is only one reference to a later historical evont—viz, in lines 
Y and 8, to the war between Brochwel of Powis and Ethelfrith, 
which indicates the year 613 as a date before which it cannot have 
been composed. 


Line 13,.—' Ogyrwen.’ Seo note, p. 334. 
Line 33,—‘ Gerdolyon,’ for Cerddorion, singors or bards, | 


Line 34.—' Diferogyon,’ distillers.. Those are the samo Gwyddyl 
termed in the Gododin “ Doifr diforogyon,” and in poem No. i, “ Kyl 
diferogyon.” The union between tho bardic or pagan party of the 
Brython and the Gwyddyl is here alludod to, 


Lina 35.—' Penryn Wlcth' is Glasgow, for Jocoline describes 
Kentigern as proceoding from tho Clyde, and sitting “super lapi- 
dem in supercilio montis vocabulo Gwleth” (c xiv.) Grolcth, form- 
ing in combination Wicth, significs dow, and this hill was afterwards 
known as the Dew or Dowhill in Glasgow. Lwch Reon is Loch 
Ryan, and this passage shows a Cymric population extending from 
Loch Ryan to Glasgow. 


Line 45.—‘ Caer Sidi.’ This place is also mentioned in poem 
No. xxx., and is there said to be the prison of Gweir, where he was 
confined through the spite of Pwyll and Pryderi. Hore it is mon- 
tioned in connection with Manawyd and Pryderi, and is described 
in line 49 as surrounded by the seca. It is probable that this island 
Caer is the “ Urbe Giudi” of Bede, which was in the Firth of 
Forth, and the “ Urbs Iudeu” of Nennius, which is mentioned by 
him in connection with Manau. 


POEM XV. 
KADEIR TEYRNON. 
Tyanalation, Vol. i. p. 359. Text, Vol. ii p 160. 


This poem is placed by Stephens in his third class, but appar- 
ently for no other reason than because Arthur is mentioned in it. 
Ite true place is indicated ín chapter xiii, It is a very curious 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 4 


poom, ‘The man of two authors, or sprung from two sources 
the Guledig, and tho two sources are indicated in lines 65 to 69. 

Line 4.—' Aladwr.' Alo was tho name of a troop of horw 
the Roman army, ‘ Dur; stool, 

Line 19.—' Gosgordd Mur.' The Gosgordd, or company of 
wall. 

Lino 13,—! Gawrnur,' Tho Myvyrian Archeology reads “Gi 
mur, tho Giant Wall. If Gawrnur is the correct reading, it m 
‘bo a proper name,—{W.) 

Line 23,—' Chynveissat,’ chief ministers, The Triads of 
thur havo “'Threo chief ministers (Chynweissat) of ynys Pryi 
—Carulawc son of Bron, and Caurdaf son of Caradawc, and 01 
son of Macsen Guledig. ¢ 


Line 31,—' Mynawg,' willing, Tt may be, however, & pre 
name,—(W.) 


Lino 44,—Tho expression “ between the flood and the ebb” j 
bably implios a Caer on a rock connected by a low neck of land» 
the shore, which was dry at ebb-tide and covered with wate 
flood-tide, 


POEM XVI. 
CADEIR. KERRITUEN, 
‘Translation, Vol. i. p. 296, Tent, Vol. ii. p. 158. 


'This poem is not classed with the other poems relating 
Gwydyon, as it is obviously of much later date, and refers 
events in the Mabinogi which nono of the othors do, 


Line 14 refore to the incident, in the prose tale, of Gwyd; 
producing a woman from flowers. 


Line 28.—NaniíTrancon is a valley in Snowdon. 


Line 38 mentions the Book of Beda, and shows that its o 
Position must be placed later than his death in 735, 


406 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM XVII 
CANU Y Gwynrt. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 535. Text, Vol. ii. p. 159. 


This belongs to a class of poems attributed to Taliessin, in 
which he deals with the natural phenomena of the earth. - The 
subject is the wind. 


POEM XVIII. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 363. Tezt, Vol. ii. p. 103. 


This poem refers to the battles in which Owen, the son of Urien, 
fought. Stephens, in his Literature of the Kymry, places it in his 
fifth class, and suppoees that it refers to Owen Gwynedd, but he 
retracts that opinion in the Archaeologia Cambrensis, — 

The scene of the poem is in the north. 

Line ì.—-' Oalchvynyd' is Kelso in Roxburghshire. Seo vol. 

. ip. 172. 

Line 13.—‘ Tir Gwyddno,’ the land of Gwyddno. Gwyddno 
appears in the Bonhed Gwyr y Goglod as one of the thirteen kings 
of the North. There seems to have been a historic Gwyddno and 
a mythic king of that name, whose land, called Cantref y Gwaelod, 
is supposed to have been in the Bay of Cardigan and to have been 
submerged by the sea. I cannot help suspecting that Gwaelod 
was the real name of his country, and that the word, also signifying 
“gunk, or gone to the bottom,” gave rise to the fable. It may be 


& mere transposition of letters from “ Gwaedol,” or Wedale, the vale 
of woe. 


Line 15.—The land of the Cludwys was Strathclyde, 


Tine 19.—We have here a battle at the ford of Alclut or 
Dumbarton, and Gwen may be Gwenystrad. 

Line 23.—As these battles are connected with Mabon, Man- 
Llachar is probably Lochar Moes on the shore of the Solway Firth. 


Line 30,—The country of Mabon is the vale of the Nith, in 
which lies Lochmaben. 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, a 


POEM XIX. 
Kane y Map. ; 
Translation, Vol. i. p, 638. Text, Vol. íi. p. 164. 


This poom is classed with those containing allusions to t+ 
personal history of Taliesin, 


POEM XX. 
KANU y Cwnwr, 
Translation, Vol. i. p, 427, Text, Vol. ii. p. 165. 


Mr. Stephens considers that this poem consists of two poem 
artificially put together, which have no natural connection. The 
latter part, commencing with the line “ Teithi etmygant,” he cals 
“Dyffryn Gwarand,” and places in his first class as a genuine poen, 
and the first part he places in his third class, The metrical construe 
tion of both parts is, however, the same, and the first part begint 
with a very similar line, “Teithi Etmynt,” Both resemble the — 
beginning of a stanza in the Gododin, “ Teithi Etmygant,” and this 
poem is, from the allusions in the second part, classed along with 
the Gododin poems. 

Stanza 1. 


Line 2,—‘ Tryfin Garant} the boundary of Carant Th 
Myvyrian reads “ Dyffryn” valley. ‘There are two rivers called 
Carron—the one in Stirlingshire, which flows into the Firth of 
Forth; the other, in Dumfriesshire, flows into the Nith. The 
latter is probably the river here meant, 


Line 1T.—'Carawg, taken in combination with Coel and 
Canauon in line 28, shows that the three provinces of Ayrshire— 
Carrick, Cyle, and Cuningham—are meant. 

Line 19.—* Carawg of the Cymry abounding in cities,” is her 
called the father of Caradawg, as, according to Boece, he was born 
in Carrick. _ 

Line 23,—The mention of the Gwentians with that of Ynyr is 


LA 


408 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


subseguent lines shows that Ynyr Gwent is meant. As he was a 
descendant of Dyfynwal Hen, and closely allied to the princes of 
the north of that race, his intervention in this war, the scene of 
which is in the north, was nataral. 


Line 30.—The seas of Gododin show that this district wss. 
bounded by the sea. 


POEM XXI. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 303. Text, Vol. it. p. 168. 


Mr. Stephens places this poem in his fifth class, and considers , 
that it refers entirely to Tenby. He founds mainly upon the title 
usually assigned to this poem, of Afic Dinbych, which he translates 
the “ Prospect of Tenby,” but these titles are generally modern 
additions, and the poem has no title in the Book of Taliessin, It 
describes eight cities, and they seem to be different, and to range 
from north to south. 

STANZA 1. 


This city is described as on the surface of the ocean, and the 
billows roll to it from the region of the Picts. It must therefore 
have been on an island in the Firth of Forth, and is probably 
Bede's Urbs Giudi. 

Stanza 1. 
This city is described as on an island in a lake. 


STANSA III. 


The allusion in the sixth line to the tenants of Deudraeth, or the 
two strands, in contrast to the serfs of Dyfed, seems to point to the 
Traeth Mawr and Traeth Bychan in North Wales, and the city may 
be Caernarvon. 

BTANZA V. 

The mention of Dinbych in the third line shows that the city 
celebrated in this stanza was Tenby ; and this being the only known 
name appearing in the poem, has led to the title of Mic Dinbych 
having been given to it. 





‘the Hook of Laltesmn reads vyned = myned, “ got 
kyfnosant, “ mutual enjoyment,” instead of cwino 


POEM XXII. 
Puazu YR Evert. 

Translation, Vol. i. p. 659. Text, Vol. 

This is the first of a class of poems attribul 

lating to Jewish history. 

POEM XXIII, 

Taaweoaxu EYNAN Ganwrx x. B 

Translation, Vol, i. p. 447. Text, Vol. 


Kynan Garwyn being the son of Brochwel ; 
with the Angles in 613, this poem belongs to a 


, POEM XXIV. 
Liste Moxszx, 
Translation, Vol, i. p. 561. Text, Vol. | 
This poem is of the same class as No. xxii. 


410 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM XXVI. 
Y Gorzisswrs Byr. 
Translation, Vol. ì. p. 566. Text, Val. ii. p. 177. 


| 
| 
| 
This poem bears the title of “ Y Gofeisewys Byt,” the Contrived 
, World, but it relates entirely to the legends connected with Alex- 
| amder the Great, and is classed with poem No. xxviii. 
That these legends had early entered into Celtic tradition we 
ese from their likewise forming the subject of Gaelic poetry (Dean 
of Lismore's book, p. 110). 


POEM XXVII. 
Translation, Vol. i.p. 557. Text, Vol. ii. p. 178. . 


This poem, though termed in the Myvyrian Archeology “ Luryg 
Alexander,” seems to have no reference to Alexander, but is one of 
those religious poems which show the Christian character of most 


POEM XXVIII. 
Translation, Vol. ì. p. 567. Text, Vol. ii. p. 179. 
This poem refers also to Alexander. 


POEM XXIX. 
Translation, Vol. i.p. 563. Text, Vol. ii. p. 179. 
This poem belongs to the same class with Nos. xxii. and xxiv. 


POEM XXX. 
Translation, Vol. i. p, 264. Text, Vol. ii. p. 181. 


_ This poem is usually termed “ Preiddeu Annwfn,” or the “ Spoils 
ef Annwn.” It appears to relate to an expedition of Arthur's to 
the unknown region of Annwfn, but whether the cities mentioned 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. a 


were different places, or different names for the same place, it 
difficult to say, 
‘Srawza n 

Caer Sidi is also mentioned in the poem No. xiv, of this bx 
usually termed Cerdd am Veib Llyr. It appears from that po 
to have been upon an island, and is probably Bede's islanil city 
Giudi in the Firth of Forth. 

Sranza mn. 

Caer Pedryvan, or the quadrangular Caer, must have beer 
Roman camp. The legend of tho “ Tuatha de Danann” deseri) 
thom as bringing to Alban four precious things from four cit 
‘The second was the sword of Lughaidh from the city of Gor 
‘The fourth was the Cauldron of Dagda from the city of Mar 
‘The “ Nine Maidens” also belong to an old Scottish legend. 1 
name “Murias" seems connected with mur, the wall; and 
village where the Roman camp called Camelon is situated. is ¢ 
called Carmuirs. According to tradition, Camelon had twelve gi 
of brass, and in tho next stanza this Caer is called the Isle or I 
of the strong door. Camelon is immediately north of the wall, i 
seems to be the place meant. 

Sranza iv. 

Line 2— Caer wydyr or the fort of glass, seems to point t 
vitrified fort. 

Line 3.—This line shows the connection of the poem with 
country beyond the Roman wall. Canhtor, as appears from 
Bonhed Gwyr y Gogled, was a body of 100 men, or a centuria ; 
thrice twenty or sixty centuries composed the Roman legion, t 
placed at the mur or wall. 

STANZA YV. 

‘Caer Vandwy' is also mentioned in the dislogue betw 
Gwyddno Garanhir and Gwynn ap Nudd in the Black Book 
Caermarthen, No. xxxii. It may have been Cramond, a corrup 
of Caeramond. 

Stanza VIL 

This stanza seems to be a later addition to the poem, with 

subject of which it has no connection. 





412 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM XXXL 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 343, Text, Vol. ii. p. 183, 


This is the well-known poem on the battle of Gwenystrad, and 
ite antiquity has hardly been called in question. The mention in 
line 20 of Garanwynyon, and of the croes, points to the same scene 
as Arthur's battle “ in Castello Guinion,”—that is, at Wodale, where 
the sacred croes was preserved. Gwenystrad, or the White Strath, 
Geems therefore the valley of the Gala Water ; and the whito stone 
of Galystem, in which word the name Gala seems contained, is 
probably the stone mentioned in the Statistical Account. “A little 
above it (St, Mary’s Church of Stow) is a very fine perennial spring, 
known by the name of the Lady's Well, and a huge stone, re- 
cently removed in forming the new road, but now broken to pieces, 
weed to be pointed out as impressed with the print of the Virgin 
Mary's foot.” In the Vcrsos of tho Graves, stanza xx., tho 
grave of threo persons is said to be on an clevated hill in the 
“Pant Gwynn Gwynionawg.” Pant is a valley, and being mascu- 
line, takes Gwynn in its masculine form, as Ystrad, being feminine, 
takes Gwen ; both mean the white valloy, and the epithet Gwy- 
nionawg connects it here aleo with Gwynion. 

Some of the passages in this poem are very obscure, and are 
left blank in Evans’ translation in the Myvyrian Archaeology. 
Lines 21 and 23 seem to imply that the enemy took refuge on the 
oea, 


POEM XXXII. 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 344. Text, Vol. ii. p. 184. 


This poem Stephens places in his first class. It does not call 
for remark, as no localities are mentioned in it. 


POEM XXXIII. 
Tyaneiation, Vol. i. p.346. Text, Vol. li. p. 185. 
This poem is also admitted to be genuine. 
Line 41 mentions Llwyfenydd es having been given to the 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


bard, and ín line 35 it is the reward of Taliessin’s ong. U 
fenydd ia formed from Llwyfain, the elm-tree, From Leaml 
the elm-treo in Gaelic, comes Leamhanach, corrupted into Le 
achs or Lennox. Llwyfonydd is the Welsh equivalent of L 
hanach. It is the district between Loch Lomond and Loch L 
and therefore adjoined Reged, 


POEM XXXIV. 
Translation, Vol. i, p. 348, Text, Vol. ii, p, 187. 


It is hardly possible to doubt that this and the two precs 
pooms are by the same author. 


Line 12.— Gwaith Mynaw.'’ Mynaw seems to be the same y 
as Mynyw, the Irish equivalent of which was Emain or Mu 
'What place is meant thoro is nothing to show. 

Tho lines 36 to 49 of the poem are highly poetical. Line: 
and 51 contain Welsh proverb, 


POEM XXXV. 
Gwern ARGOET LLWYFEIN. Kanu YRYEN. 
Translation, Vol, i. p. 365. Text, Vol. ii. p, 189. 


The word Llwyfain or Leven is tho Cymric equivalent of Le 
han, which places tho scono at the end ofa wood on the river Le 
It describes Urien nnd Owain his son as fighting against Fl 
ddwyn, or the Flamo-bearer; and as Urien and his son are recor 
to have fought against Theodric, king of Bernicia, he, and not 
father Ida, as is usually supposed, must be meant by the nam 
Flamddwyn, or the Flame-bearer. 


Line 3.—Godeu and Reged are here placed together, and, in o 
to surround these districts, Flamddwyn had to extend his fo 
from Argoed to Arfynydd, their northorn and southern terminati 


Lino 11.—Ceneu, son of Coel, was the ancestor of the race 1 
which Urien and other northern kings derived their descent. ' 
line has usually been supposed to indicate that Ceneu was pre 


414 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


at the battle, and Stephons founds upon this a charge of anachronism. 
Wat this is a mistaken meaning. The idea intended to be expressed 
fe that Owen would not givo hostages, and that his ancestor Coneu, 
son of Coel, would in similar circumstances have beon an irritated 
Mon before he would have given a hostage to any one. 


POEM XXXVI. 
Translation, Vol, i. p. 350. Text, Vol, ii. p, 190, 


This poem Stephens admits to be genuine. It describes a 
war between Urien and Ulph with the Angles. Ulph is probably 
Friodulph, the king of Bernicia, who reigned between Usea and 
Theodric, against both of whom Urien is recorded by Nennius to 
have fought. 


Line 12.—Urien goes to Aeron or the Avon. 


Line 14 probably refers to Urien’s expedition to Wales, al- 
baded to in the poem called Anrhec Urien. 


Line 10.—' Hyfaid, This is one of the leading heroes of the 
Gododin. 


Line 19.—' Llwyfenyd' is here mentioned evidently in connection 
with the battle which follows. 


Line 21.—‘ Alcluf' is Dumbarton, and the battle at the ford 
and at the ynver must have been at the junction of the Leven with 
the Clyde. Places beginning with Aber are usually at a ford over 
& river near its mouth, and those with Inver at the actual junction. 


Lines 23 and 23.—These localities cannot be identified. 

Line 35.— Oat Glutvein gweith pen coed.’ This is obviously 
the same locality which appears in poem xi. See Notes, p. 402. 

Line 43.—‘ Godeu a Reget.’ These two districts are fre- 
quently mentioned together, and must have been adjacent. Reged 
$s Dambarionshire, and Godeu probably the middle ward of 
Lanarkshire, and the same as Cadyow. 





Line 9.—Urien is here called the ruler of Cat 
21, a protector in Aeron, 

Line 26,—This line shows that Llwyfenydd wi 

Line 44.—Cenen was the son of Coel, and the « 
these northorn kings, Nudd Hael, a descendant 


Line 47.—! Guyden’ ia here put probably fot 
Gwyddyl the bard wishes exterminated. 


POEM XXXVIIL 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 338, Text, Vol. 

This poem is placed by Stephens in his secom 

poems; but in the Archaeologia Cambrensis he 
es genuine. 


Line 45,—' Oaer Olut’ is the city on the C 


two cities comprised the shires of Renfrew and 
the same as that indicated in another poem as 
Cymry from Loch Ryan to Penrhyn Wleth. 


416 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Line 12. — Gogled’ connects this poem with the north. 


Line 18.—' Llwyfenydd,' tho district given to the bard, is the 
eame word as Lennox. 


Line 28.—The kings of every language are said to be subject to 
Urien, which shows the mixed population of these northern 
districts. ; 


POEM XL 
MARWNAT EROF, 
Translation, Vol, i. p. 255. Text, Vol. ii. p. 196, 


The title of * Marwnat Erof,” or the Doath-song of Erof, is pro- 
fixed to this poem, which, however, rolates exclusively to Erowlf, 
while Erof is mentioned in the next poem, The two poems, how- 
ever, are closely connected. The poetic structure is the same in 
both, and they are obviously by the same bard. They are placed 
by Mr. Stephens among the poems forming portions of the Mabinogi 
of Taliessin ; but no reason is given, and they neither have any 
analogy to that tale, nor do they appear in any copy of it. Who is 
imtended here by Ercwlf it is difficult to say. The name is the 
game as Hercules, as appears from tho allusions to the columns in the 
Kine ; but he is called Chief of Baptism and the Picrcor of the Mwr 
or Roman wall, which connects it with the post-Roman period. As 
the Picts were said to be descended from Gileoin Mae Ercail, or 
eon of Hercules, it is probable that a Pict was intended under the 
mame of his mythic ancestor. 


POEM XLI. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 250, Tert, Vol. ii. p. 197. 


This poem bears no title in tho Book of Talicesin. The title in 
the Myvyrian Archaoology is " Marwnad Mad. ddrud ac Erof,” or 
the Death-song of Madawg the valiant and Erof. Madawg is called 
the son of Uthyr, which connects him with Arthur, and the epithet 
Mur Menwyd, oc joy of the mwr or wall, with the post-Roman 
period. Erol is considered by Nash to be intended for Herod, but 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 4 


Ín order to support this ho is obliged to suppose that two diffen 
fragmenta having no connection with each other have been united 
‘one poem, and to alter his text, The character intended seems tl 
of a Christian who had apostatised, and he is probably one of | 
Southern Picta. 


POEM XLII. 
Manwwat Connor war DAYRY, 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 254, Text, Vol. ii. p. 198. 

This poom is tho solitary spocimon of a Welsh Ossianio po 
which haa como down to us, It rolates to the Irish tale of Cur 
mon of Dairi of Munster, and Cuchullin, the celebrated Oxsia 
hero of Ulster, A full notice of it will be found in the Dean 
‘Lismore’s book, p. 141, Mr, Stephens has so completely misapp 


hondod ita moaning, that his arguments have no bearing upon. 
dato, 


POEM XLIII. 
MAnwNAT DYLAN EL Tow, 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 988, Teri, Vol. ii. p. 198. 
This short poem has beon classed with those relating to Gv 
dyon, from the name of Dylan eil Ton occurring in the Mabinogi 


Math, son of Mathonwy, but thoro is nothing in the poom to in 
cato any othor connection. 


Lines 6 and 7 class tho inhabitants of the British Isles un 
four heads :—Jwerdon, or Ireland ; Manau, or Man; ¥ Gogledd 
Prydyn, which is Scotland ; and Prydain, or South Britain. Ita 
‘be romarked that Prydain in its fominine form seems used in th 
poems for South Britain, and in ite masculine form of Prydyn 
North Britain. > 


POEM XLIV. 
MARWNAT OWEIN, 
Translation, Vol. i, p. 360, Teri, Vol. ii. p. 199. 


This poem is called the Death-song of Owain, son of Urien, | 
ia admitted to be genuine by Stephons, 
25 


418 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIOXS. 


. Line 6.—This line has beon read as if it narrated the death of 
Flamddwyn by Owain, but the other is tho natural construction, and 
the poem being the Doath-song of Owain loaves no doubt that the 
true meaning is that Flamddwyn slew Owain. He was Theodric, 
king of Bernicia, who reigned from 580 to 587, against whom Owen 
is said by Nennius to have fought. 


POEM XLV. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 299. Text, Vol. ìi. p. 199. 


This poem consists of two parts, each beginning with the words 
Echrys Ynys, “ disturbed is the Isle.” It appears to me to bes 
late composition, and to emanate from South Wales. North Wales 
is here called the Land of Gwydyon, and the mention of Hu shows 
that it belongs to the school alluded to by Sion Kent, who lived 
from about 1380 to 1420, when he says— 


“Two kinds of Awen truly 
There are in the world, and manifest their course, 
The Awen from Christ of joyful discourse 
Of the right tendency, a sprightly muse. 
There is another Awen not wisely sung, 
And they make false and filthy predictions. 
This one has been taken by the men of Hu.” 


POEM XLVI. 
Tranelation, Vol. i. p. 257. Text, Vol. ii. p. 200. 


This poem obviously relates to Cunedda, whose sons conquered 
North Wales from the Gwyddyl, as in line 43 he is called son of 
Edeyrn. Mr. Stephens, in his Lit. of the Kymry, places it es doubt- 
fal; bat in a paper in the Arch. Camb. vol. iii. p. 47, he argues 
that Cunedda and Taliessin must have been contemporary from the 
expressions in several of the lines, He endeavours to show that 
Cunedda must be placed a century later, but his arguments are 
very inconclusive ; and to alter chronology on account of such ex- 
pressione, is to exact too definite a meaning from mere postio licence, 


which permitted the bard to use language as if he had personally 
known tho hero whom he celebrates. 


Line 6.— Caer Weir’ and ‘Caer Lliwelydd' seem intended for 
Durham on the Wear and Carlisle. 


Tine 21.—' Furrow'—i.¢. the grave. 


| Line %4.—Tho Men of Brynaich here were probably. the Pic 
who preceded the Angles in Bernicia. 


POEM XLYII. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 443. Text, Vol. ii. p. 202. 


‘The first four lines of this poem are the same as those in poem 
vi. The three following lines mention seven sons of Beli, but 
it does not appear to be meant that they were all sons of the 
same Beli, Caswallawn and Llud were sons of Beli mawr. Iago, 
son of Beli, was father of Cadvan and grandfather of Cadwallawn, 
He is said to be from the land of Prydyn, or tho north, from whenes 
Cunedda and his sons, from whom he-was descended, came, . The 
other names are unknown. 


POEM XLVIIL 
MARwNAT UTHYR Pen. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 297. Text, Vol. ii. p. 203. 


This poem has the title attached to it of the Marwnaf, or Death- 
song of Uthyr Pendragon, the father, according to the Arthurian 
romance, of King Arthur; but the mention of Hu, in line 35, 
connects it with poem xlv, with which it has been classed. 
These two poems, with the one called Kadeir Kerritwen, I believe 
to be poems writton in imitation of those which really belong to 
that class of ancient poetry to which tho name of Taliessin has been 
attached, and to have emanated from South Wales, 


e^ 


420 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM XLIX. 
Translation, Vol.i. p. 4381. Text, Vol. ii. p. 204. 


This very curious poem has been noticed in vol. i. chapter xiii. 

The two lochs or lakes mentioned in line 2 probably refer to the 
Firths of Forth and Clyde. 

In lines 18 and 19 Beli, son of Manogan, is mentioned, but he © 
is likewise roferred to in the Historia Britonum, a work of the same 
century in which I place this poem :—''Ipee (Julius Cesar) pug- 
mabat apud Dolabellum, qui erat proconsul regi Britannico, qui et 
ipee Bellinue vocabatur et fAlius erat Minocanni.” 

The last part of the poem has been commented on in chapter 
aiii, 


POEM L 
Translation, Vol, i. p 432. Text, Vol. ii. p. 206. 


This poem is classed with the preceding poem, es referring to 
Cadwallawn, from lines 17 and 18 mentioning his return from Ire- 
land. 


Line 93.—' Aranwynyon, also mentioned in the Avallenau, 
is probably the same place es Garanwynyon in Gwenystrad. 

Line 34.—' Cat Vreith’ are the same people mentioned in the 
Historia Britonum as “ Catbregion,” who dwelt near Mynyd Agned, 
or Edinburgh. 

Line 35.—‘ Ryt ar taradyr’ is the Ford of Torrator, on the Car- 


ron, near Falkirk, The Carron was the northern boundary of the 
Picts, 


POEM LL 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 564. Text, Vol. ii p. 906. 


This poem belongs to the same elass with poems xxii. xxiv. and 
xxix. 





POEM LIL 
Gwawn Lu y Vawn 
Tranalation, Vol, i, p. 271. Text, Vol. ii. p. 207. 


‘This poom sooms likowiso to rofer to the Gwyddyl of Gwydyon 
ap Don, and has boen classed with them. 


Lino 16 rofors to an expedition of five hundred warriors in ive 
ships, and thoy aing a song contained in linos 18, 19, 20, and 31. 
‘This song appears to bo in old Irish. Many years ago I sent thew 
lines to Archdoacon Williams and to Professor O'Curry, Tho for 
mor could make nothing of thom, The latter, in a letter dated 19th 
December 1856, aays—" Whether the words of the Rann which 
you havo sont mo were intended to be Irish or not, I have no hei- 
tation in saying that they make good and very ancient Irish 
Brit, Brith, Bretanaigh, oro legitimato Irish forma of Briton and 
Britona, The few words besides this name in your lines are mue, 
co-occupancy of land ; nu, or ; edi, battle ; sych, in preference ta, 
boforo ; cu, a spear ; roi, a battlefield.” 


Lino 73,—! Oyllellawr, the knife-man. This was probably Oss 
Cyllellawr, who fought with Arthur at the battle of Badon Hill. 


Line 77 shows that the poem relates to avents connected with 
tho population of Prydyn or Scotland, The three races of tht 
Cymry, Angles, and Gwyddyl are described in the lines that follow. 
Lines 78 and 79 refer to tho Cymry ; lines 80, 81, and 82 to the 
Angles ; and the third race or the Gwyddyl are described in lines 
83, 84, and 85, 


POEM LIII. 


Translation, Vol. i. p. 444. Text, Vol. ii. p. 211. 


This poom is classed along with the two prophecies, termed 
 Arymoa,” relating to Cadwaladyr and his times, 


422 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM LIV. 
YMARWAR LLUD BYCHAN. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 253. Text, Vol. ii. p. 213. 


This poem is placed by Mr. Stephens in the class of Predictive 
Poems of the twelfth century, probably from the allusion to the 
Mabinogi, called “ Kyfranc Lludd and Llefelys” in line 11, but there 
is nothing predictive about it, and the name given has been shown 
to be inconclusive. 

It is a curious poem, giving an account of an early colonisation 
or invasion of Britain. It has been supposed that the Coraniaid are 
alluded to, as they are said to have come in the reign of Ladd, but 
lines 13 and 17 show that the Romans are meant. Caswallawn, in 
whose reign, according to the Bruts, Julius Cesar landed in Britain, 
was brother and successor to Ludd. 


POEM LV. 
Kanu y Brr Mawn. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 539. Text, Vol. ii. p. 314. 


This poem relates likewise to natural phenomena, and must be 
classed with the poems, Nos. iii. vii. xiii, xvii, and xxix. 
The last four lines contain a formula which occurs twice in the 


poem No. vii. 
POEM LVL. 
| Kayo y Byr Brouay. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 541. Text, Vol. ii. p. 316. 
- This poem belongs to the same class with the preceding.—(8.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 423 


Vv. 
THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST. 


‘This very valuable MS., in which so much of the ancient liter 
turo of Wales has boen preserved, is now the property of Jesus 
College, Oxford, and ia well known from the Mabinogion published 
by Lady Charlotte Guest having been taken from it. 

‘This MS, was given to Jesus College in 1701 by Thomas Wilkins 
of Llanblethian, to whom it had been left by Dr. John Davies. Dr. 
John Davies obtained it in Glamorgan in 1634 from Louis Mansel 
of Margam, and it appears then to have belonged to the Margam. 
family, The MS., however, takes its name from Hergest Court, a 
seat of tho Vaughans, near Knighton, Radnor, and was probably 
compiled for them. A complete table of its contents will be found 
in the Cambro-Briton, vol. ii, p. T5. 

It is a thick folio MS. consisting of 360 leaves of vellum, and has 
been written at different times, extending from the early part of the 
fourteenth to the middle of the fifteenth century. 

It is written in double columns, and apparently in three different 
handwritings. 

The first handwriting extends to column 999, and in this part of 
the MS. there is a chronology terminating with the year 1318. The 
second handwriting commences at column 999 with the “ Brut y 
Saeson,” terminating with the year 1376; and the same handwriting 
continues to column 1143, where a more modern hand begins, 

In the first handwriting are the two poems “ Kyvoessi Myrdin” 
and “ Gwasgardgerd Vyrdin.” In the second, all the other poems 
here printed ; and the MS. contains, in the more modern hand, 
poems by bards who flourished from the eleventh to the middle of 
the fifteenth centuries, Among them is a poem beginning (column 
1154) “Goruchel duw gylo,” attributed to Taliesain, but which 
is the work of Jonas Athraw.—(S.) 


POEM I. 
Kyvoessi MYRDIN. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 462. Text, Vol. ii. p. 218, 
This dialogue appears to have been called Cysocei (from oes, an 


db —. 


424 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


age), or synchronism, from the chronological character of the com- 
positions,—(E.) 
STANZA II. 
Line 3,—That is, supposing encichiad, the word used here in 
the original, to be from anach, one that is dull or slow.—(E) 


STANSA 111, 

Line 1.—“ lt is worthy of notice that Gwenddydd in this dia- 
logue addressos Myrddin by the appollation of Llallogan, twin- 
brother. . . .” Now this will explain a passage ín the Life of St. 
Kentigern, in which it is said that there was at tho court of 
Rydderch Iael a. cortain idiot, namod Laloicen, who uttored pro- 
dictions :—“ In curia ejus quidam homo fataus vacabulo Laloicen ;” 
and in the Scotochronicon it is stated that this Laloicen was 
Myrddin Wyllt. By connocting these several particulars, we find 
an air of truth cast over the history of this bard, as regards the 
principal incidents of his life, and there can be no reason to doubt 
that some of the poetry attributed to him was actually his com- 
position.” — Rev, T. Price, Literary Remains, i, 143,—(E.) 


STANZA Iv, 

Line 3.—In the opening vorsos it is pretty clear that a certain 
amount of confusion has cropt into the text, and thie will appear 
the more evident if we compare the readings of the Red Book with 
those of the Myvyrian Archaology.—(E.) 


Stanza VI. 

Line 3.—Tawy is here the name of the river Tay. Tho old 
name of the Tay was Tava, which comes from Geelic TamA, smooth, 
of which Taw is the Cymric equivalent.—/(8.) 

STANSA YM. 

Line 2.—Clyd is probably the Clyde. According to some of 
the readings of the Myvyrian, this line may be rendered— 

“ The fosterer of song about the waters of Clyde."—(E.) 
S?AWSA XXIX. 
Line 1.—' Gwledychawl' = Gwiedychawd. The verbal ter- 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 45 


mination awd, awdd, must, in many passages of this poem, haves 
future rather than a past meaning.—(E.) 

Line 3.—' Ysgwydwyn) from “ Ysgwyd " (= Latin, scutum), 1 
shield, and “ gwyn," white, Some read it “ Yagwyddwyn,” while 
shoulderod, from “ Ysgwydd,” the shoulder, In the Brats we fd 
this epithet applied to ZEneaa, the son of Anchisos, and it is gene 
ally translated white-shicld or white-shielded, but Mr. Taliesin 
Williams (Jolo MSS, note, p, 332) says, that “ after mature en 
sideration” he is “induced to reject this hypothesis, conetiring 
that ‘the word is ‘ Ysgwyddwyn, or rather “ Ysgwydd-ddwyn/ 
boing compounded of “ Ysgwydd,' a shoulder, and “dwyn, fo lem. 
or carry away, and that henco ZEncas Ysgwyddwyn, signifies Anos 
of bearing-shoulder, in allusion to his filial devotion in bearing 
away his fathor Anchisos on his shoulders from the flames of Troy." 
‘To this explanation he supplements another, in which he propos 
to give the lattor part of the compound a metaphorical significstion. 
“But if a figurative etymology bo admitted (and it is certainly m+ 
tained by classic authority), we shall conclude that the last ayllitle 
of Ysgwyddwyn is radically gwynn, white, but signifying, meb- 
phorically, blessed (as in the phraso “Gwynn ei fyd,” blessed is 
ho), and hence pious, an epithet so froquently applied to ness by 
Virgil, “ Pius ZÊneas.” But, unfortunately for these theories, Mr. 
Williams has overlooked tho important fact that, in the case before 
us and in othor instances, the epithet is applied to others who did 
not distinguish themselves in the way the Trojan hero is repre 
sented to have done.—(E) 

Sranza XXXIII. é 

Line 1.—' Byd, which often means a stato or condition; tht 
circumstances of a being or thing at a given time. Compare the 
compounds advyd, blinvyd, gwynvyd, hawddvyd, ete.—(E.) 

STANZA XXXVI. 

Line 2.—The Panton MS. has “armes,” â presage ‘or om, 

for “ ormes,” oppression.—(E.) 


Stanza xLL 
Line 6.—' Bargotyein, from “ Bargod,” a border. The word 


426 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


g does not occur in existing Welsh dictionaries, but this is not the 


only place in which it is found in Welsh writings. In a work on 
bardism, written about the beginning of the sixteenth century, 


" Bargodiain is explained to mean “ a civil convention for the pur- 


pose of renewing and revising old statutes and forming new ones, 

Gor reviewing old institutions and establishing new ones,” The 

word has the appearance of a plural, but in the text before us the 

werd is in the singular number. ‘ Bisswys,' a word not found else- 

where, The translator supposes it to be related to or possibly a 

$zanecripk for buwys, a form of the perfect tense of bod occasionally 
STANSA LI. 


Line $.—According to the Panton MS., as given in tho various 
weadings of the Myvyrian— 
“Seek no peace—it will not be to thee.”—(E.) 


Sranza LVIL 
Tine $3.— The white or blessed cavalier.—(E.) 


STANEA LIX. 


Line 1.—The meaning of ‘ Adraedil, here rendered “ prognos- 
tication,” is not very obvious. Dr. Owen Pughe (Welsh Dict.) 
explains it by “the thought of the foe,” and in this passage, which 
he subjoins “the infernal thought,” but, « v. “Gogan,” his 
sendering is “ promised ills.” In both places ho reads “ Andrasdyl,” 
oe “ Andreedl,” as if derivod from “Andras ;” but both in the 
text before us and that printed in the Myvyrian, the word is spelt 
“ Adresdil” without any n.—(E.) 


Stanza LXIL | 
Line ).—' Eholaeth, extensive, spacious, large, abundant—an 
epithet not commonly applied to persons.—(E.) - 


Line 2.—Literally, meed-nourished.—(E.) 


STANSA LX. 
Line 3.—Two-halved youth.—(E.) 





er a ee oe 


R$ 






which reads— 
“ Penaeth da ei faeth ada fydd.” 


STANEA LXXXV.- 
Line 2,—If ‘gorwynt' here is = gorvynf, the 
would be— 
“ Beli Hir and his men of Ambitios 
. Line 3.— Gynt ;’ oee note, p. 335. 


Brauaa xxxrx. 
I can hardly pretend to understand this stana 
from the confused state of the text, that some of 
ecribers must havo felt its difficultios.—(E.) 


Srawza xoi. 
Line 4.—The city of iniquity. According to 
“ Caer Ganwedd,” the city of bright aspect—(E.) 
Sranga xcnr. 
Line 3.—Or, “He will disperse the tamult of 
Myvyrian readings—(E) 
Sranza xcvin. 
Line 4.—Or, “ Broke all the order of men,” : 
Myvyrian copy. Probably “torrynt ” here should t 
will break.—(E) 


Srawza xorx. 


428 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA CVII, 
This stanza has the appearance of having suffered greatly at 
the hands of transcribers, and the preceding one does not seem 
to be in a much better state. —(E.) 


STANZA CXXVIIL 


The first line appears to have no connection with tho remainder 
of the stanza, and is altogether out of character with tho rest of the 
Cyvoesi. In the Myvyrian it forms the beginning of a stanza not 
found in tho Red Book.—(E.) 


POEM IL 
GwAsGARDGERD VYRDIN yxy BED. 
Tranelution, Vol. i. p. 478. Text, Vol. ii. p. 234. 


* Gwasgargerdd,' from “ gwasgar,” to scattor, spread, or disporso, 
meaning either a song of scattoring or dispersing, or, which is more 
probable, a song composod of scattered or unconnected subjects. 
The term has generally boen renderod “a song of prediction,” “a 
predictive poem.” The composition undor consideration is certainly 
of a prodictive or prognosticating charactor ; but there docs not 
appear to be anything in the name, apart from other considerations, 
that could suggest that translation. 

This poem, as printed in the first volume of the Myvyrian 
Archeology, contains several stanzas not found in the Red Book 
copy ; and theso were probably added to it after the compilation of 
that volame.—(E.) 

Stanza I. 

Line 3.—‘ Eurdein,’ This name, in the marginal copy of the 

Myvyrian Archeology, appears as “ Eurdeyrn,” tho golden sovereign. 


_ —({E) 
Stanza Iv. 
Line 1,— Compare the following couplet of Llywarch Hen :— 
“ Penn a borthaf tu mordwyt, 
Oed ysgywt ar y wlat, oed olwyn ygkat.” 


“A head I bear by the side of my thigh, that was a shiek! over 
his country, and a wheel in battle.”—(E) 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 429 


Sranza VL. 


Line 4.—' Aber Hodni, now Aber Honddu, the Welsh nam 
of Brecon, situated on tho confluence of the rivers Honddu ani 
Usk, in a beautiful open valley. The castle was built a.p. 10M 
by Bernard Newmarch, who wrested the country from the hands o 
the Welsh princes, It was afterwards considerably increased and 
improved by the last Humphrey do Bohun, Earl of Hereford mi 
governor of Brecon.—(E.) 

Stanza VII. 

Line 2.—' Pengarn,' sometimes called “ Nant Pengarn,” is a 
river in Monmouthshire, “Here Henry II. passing the ford of 
Nant Pengarn, discouraged the Britons, who relied too much o 
their oracle Merlinus Sylvester, who had said that when a strong 
prince with a freckled face should pass that ford the British foros 
should be vanquished.”—Lewis Morris (MS.)—(E.) 


STANZA viu. 


Line 2,—* Mur Castell, called also Tomen y Mur, is supposed 
to bo tho Mons Heriri of the Romans, tho sito of which is situated 
in tho wostern oxtromity of tho parish of Maentwrog, in Ardudwy, 
Morionothshiro. In the year 1111, according to Brut y Tywsogion, 
Honry I, with the combined forces of England and Scotland, 
marchod as far sa this placo against Gruffydd ab Cynan; and, 
though the king cannot bo said to have gained the victory, the 
expedition resulted in a peace concluded between him and the 


430 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA XXI. 
Line 1.—Instead of ‘ Kyuelin,’ wo should perhaps read “ Kyn- 
velyn,” the personal name Cynvelyn. The whole verse is obscure. 
—(E) 


Line 11.—There is a proverb to the samo effect :— 


“ Gwell im crywyn no dan fuddelw.” 
“ One coulter is better than two cowhouse posts."—(E.) 


BTANZA xxiv. 
Line 1. Aber Avon, or Aber Avan, in Glamorganshire. 


Line 3,.—' Hinwedon,’ Where or what this is I know not. The 
text has “hinwedon,” but the Myvyrian copy has the forms © 
“ hinuedon ” and “ hynfyddon ” besides. —(E.) 


STANZA XXV. 


Line ).—' Aber Dwfr' = the confluenco of water, Here it stands 
for the name of some particular place,.— (E.) 


STANXZA XXVI. 


Line 1,—For ‘ hyrri’ wo should hero undoubtedly read “ byrri,” 
which is the reading in tho Rov. E. Davies’s MS., as it is evident 
the Burry, which contributes to form the estuary of the Burry, 
sowetimes called Aber Llychwyr, betwoen the counties of Glamor- 
gan and Caermarthen, is the river intended. It rises in Gower, and 
is bat a small stream compared with the Llychwyr. On this estuary 
the town of Lewcarum once stood.—(E.) _ 


STANEA XXVII 
Line 1—For ' Aber y don’ tho Rev. E. Davies's copy has 
“ Aber Peryddon,” which is one of the old names of the river Dee, 
“Mae brenddwyd am Beryddon. 
Yr ai gaer hir ar gwr hon.”"— Jndwr. Ale,.—(E) 
Line 6.—It is observable that “ Carav” or “ Caraw ” docs not 
rhyme with “wylyon " in the preceding line; and this peculiarity 
leads to the supposition that we should read “Caron” instead, 








NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 431 


which is possibly the samo river as tho (arawn mentioned by Nen- 
nine, which bee by some been identified with the Carron in Bol- 
land,—(E) 


POEM IIL 


Translation, Vol, i. p. 590. Text, Vol, ii. p. 237. 


This poem concludes with the following sentence :— 

“‘Tyssilio, the son of Brochwael Ysgythrog, composed these 
verses concerning Gwrnerth’s coming to perform his devotions with 
Llewelyn the saint, his companion ; and they are called the colloquy 
of Llowelyn and Gwrnerth.” 

‘Tyssilio, or Tysilio, was an eminent saint and writer who 
flourished about tho middle of the seventh century, being the son 
of Brochwacl Ysgythrog ab Cyngen ab Cadell Deyrnllwg, Prince 
of Powys. He is said to havo beon Bishop of Llancllwy or St 
Asaph, and is supposed to have beon tho immediate successor of 
St. Asaph, to whom he was cousin in tho first degree, He wass 
bard, and is reported to havo written an ecclesiastical history of 
Britain, which, if it over existed, appears to be now lost, St. 
'Tysilio is tho founder and patron saint of tho following churches :— 
Meivod and Llandysilio in Montgomeryshiro, Llandysilio and Bryn 
Eglwys in Denbighshire, Llandysilio in Anglesey, Llandysilio yn 
Nyved in Cacrmarthonshizo, Llandysilio Gogor in Cardiganshire, 
Sollack and Llanailio in Herefordshire. Ho was commemorated 





432 | NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM IV. 
Tyanelation, Vol. i. p. 586. Text, Vol. ii. p, 241. 
This poem resembles the previous poem, and is ranged with it. 


POEM V. 
Translation, Vol. i. p, 569. Text, Vol. ii, p. 245. 

The proverbial triplets of which this composition consists are 
sometimes called Bidiau (from bid, the imperative form of the 
eubsiantive verb bod), and may be translated “fiata” They are eo 
ealled from bid being the first word in almost every line,—(E.) 


STANZA 11. 
Line 1.—“ Because then the swine would havo acorns without 
his being at any trouble.” — Pughe, 
Swine are known to be very sleepy in windy weather ; and this 
might be viewed as another cause of joy to swineherds,— (E.) 


STANSZA IV. 

Line 2.—‘ Bleid' of the original is generally read ‘ blaidd,' 
which signifies a wolf; but I take it to bo “ plaid” (dim. pleiden), 
that which separates, a partition, a wall, a hurdlo or wattle. The. 
softening of the initial p into b is ín unison with the rest of the 
composition, and the only thing that militates against taking it in 
this sense is, that the final letter is d nob f; but this may be an 
error of a tranecriber taking it to be the same word as “bleid' in 
the sixth and eighth verses,—(E.) 

Stanza VIIL 
- lên $,—Alluding, I snppose, to the lightness of the steed's 
tread. Compare also stanza ii line 3. Pughe very appropriately 
remerks that theso two lines seem very obscure, His translation 
of them is as follows :— 


“ Let the tender grain be pressed at the roots, 
The tender grain be pressed when deposited in the ground.” 





But for “gwawn,” gossamor, the ground, he evidently. red: 
“ gwan,” weak or tondor.—(E.) : 
‘Branza xiv, 
A lino is hore omitted in tho Rod Book, but is supplied by the 
Myvyrian copy :— 
“ Bid llym eithin." 
"Lat the fitrse be prickly.”—(E.) 


POEM VI. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. BT1. Teri, Vol. ii. p. 247. 


Sranza 1. 

Lina \.—' Gnawd” (from nawd, nature, and allied to the 
Latin natus or gnatus), natural, congenial, usual, customary, 
habitual, common ; what is generally seen or observed in the ordi- 
nary course of events, It is somotimes written cnawd, and nawd 
without the prosthesis is met with in the same sense,—(E) 


POEM VII. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 573. Tert, Vol. ii. p, 349. 


Stanza I. 

Line ),—' Calangauaf, the calends of winter, or the first day 
of November, Calanmai, the calends of May, is the first day of 
summer,—(E.) 

STANZA VI. 
The characteristics of winter and summer are curiously jumbled 
together in this triplet. It should be, as we find it eleewhere :— 
“Calan Mai cain gyfrau adar, : 
Hir ddydd, ban cogau.” 
“On the first of May, gay the plumage of birds, 
Song the day, loud the cuckoos"—(E) 
2r 


434 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


POEM VIIL 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 574. Text, Vol. ii. p. 250. 


STANXZA Iv. 
Line 3.—' To a youth, or to a servant—(E) 


POEM IX. 
Translation, Vol. ì. p. 576. Text, Vol. ii. p. 251. 


Stanza Viti. 
Line 3.—‘ Crwybr’ is used in many parts of Wales for rime 
or hoar-frosting, not recorded in tho Dictionaries. —(E.) 
STAWSA Xxv. 


Line 3,—' Geuvel ' =“ gvevel” (llach Book, p. 30), = gwywol 
from gwyw, withered.—(E.) 


POEM X. 
Translation, Vol. ií. p. 580. Text, Vol. ii. p. 900. 


STANZA IV. 
Line 2.—‘ Tuawc' here must bea misscript for “ Cuawe,”—(E.) 


STANZA XXIII. 
This and the preceding stanza are very obscure, and possibly 
eorrupted by transcribers, 
STANZA XXVI 
Line 1.—‘ Cewig, from Caw, a band—a badgo or distinction. 
Bardd Caw =a graduated bard, or one that won tho band of his 
order.  “ Cyrchyniad Cowig,” < cyrchynvardol Caw, a graduated 
itinerant bard or minstrel. The text of this verse is not ina 
satisfactory state.—(E) 
STANZA XXIX. 


Line 1,—The aon of sicknces, “There is a doubt whether this 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 435 


is an epithet for the bards, or a proper name ; it has been taken for 
the latter, The original (mackwy mabklaf), if written a compound 
word, as mabglay, or sick for a son; if uncompounded, as mab claf, 
it implies tho sick son, sick man, or the man of sickness, Ac- 
cording to some MSS,, Llywarch had a son called Mabelav ; but 
perhaps it is making the epithot a proper name by mistake,"— 
Dr. Pughe—(E) : 
POEM XL 
Translation, Vol. i. p, $26, Text, Vol, ii. p. 259. 
Sranza 1. 

Tine 1,—Owen Pughe translates the opening line as follows :— 
“ Bofore I appeared with crutches I was eloquent in my complaint ;" 
and Carnhuanavo, thus :— 
“ Before I became hoary-headed and crutch-supported I was expert in 

speech.” 

It is dificult to conceive how “cain faglawg” of tho original can 
possibly bear the meaning here given to it. “Cain” signifies fair 
or beautiful, and “cain faglawg” (if wo derive “beglawg” from 
“bagl” in tho senso of a crutch) would mean boautifully or 
clogantly orutchod, words implying a compliment which the bard 
is by no moans disposed to pay to his appearance in his holpless old 
ago. Though not so stated in our dictionarics, the word “ begl” 
(pl. baglau) is frequently usod for ono of the human limbs ; as, for 
instance, in the phraso “ oorddod ar ei bodair bagl” = to go on all 
fours ; and the adjoctivo “ baglawg” or “ baglog,” in the sense of 
limbed or momborod, is equally common. Assuming, then, that 
“cyn” is = cynn = cynt, and that “baglawg” is used in the 
eccoptation just indicated, tho rather porplexing expression “ cain 
faglawg” will boar the translation which is above given it, and 
which has tho appearanoo of being guito in scoordanco with the,” 
spirit of the poom. Tho often-repoated expression— beglan bren 
—woodon crook or crutch, with which several of the verses begin, 
does not seom inconsistent with this view, it being not unnatural 
for the bard to contrast his agile limbs in his youthful days with 
his wooden crutch, by which he is now supported.—(E.) 


436 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA II. 
Line 3.—A portion of the old principality of Powys was called 
Powys Wynva, or Powys the Paradise. —(E.) 
STANZA XXIv. 
Line 3.—This line has many different readings, bat nono of 
them can bo considered satisfactory.—(E.) 
STAKZA XXIX. 


Line 2.—The word hero translated hart is cawn in the original, 
but carw, hart, a stag, is intended, as is evident from the following 
passage in the Black Book, p. 49 :— 


“ Briuhid taglan gan 
Garn carv culgrum cam.”—(E) 


STANZA XXXIV. 
Line 1.—For ‘ Dywaes' we should evidently read “ Dywas” 
(gwas), to rhyme with “ Rylas” and “ Nas.” —(E.) 
STANSZA XXXV. 
Line 3.—Foc * Athuc,' the reading in the Red Book, some MSS, 
have “ Arthur,” and tho line has gencrally been rendered 
“ Arthur did not retreat."— (E.) 


STANZA XXXIX. 
Line 1.—‘ Tyllwras' = tyllbras. Possibly “ longshanks ” may 
give the meaning which the bard intendod.—(E.) 


Stanza XL. 
Line 3.—A similar comparison is usod by Aneurin, p. 363 — 
“ Rathyr eryr cn ebyr pan llythywit.”—(E) 
| STANEA XLIV. 

Line 2.—The Red Book has “llu kyndrwyn,” but in the 
verses of the Warriors’ Graves, p. 30, where the grave of Gwen ap 
Llywarch is recordod, the corresponding expression is “ lv kegrun = 
llu cyngryn” of the Myvyrian copy in this place. The rhyme is 
conclusive against “ kyndrwyn” being the right reading.— (E.) 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 437 


STANZA ui. y” 

Line 3.—That the word oa it originally etood must have been 
Humon, though in the text before us it is corrupted into Iuuon, is 
evident from the succeeding stanza, in which the concluding line is 
the same, except that the epithet tynn bestowed on Pyll and 
Sawell, a word of the same import with l/umon, is used instead of it 


—(E) 
BTANZA LIX. 
Line 3.—Tho meaning is obecure,—(E.) 
STANZA LXV. 


Line Ì.—'Rhudd' (ruddy) is hero taken for a personal name, 
*Eiryd, Thia word is possibly an error for arhudd (arhuddo) to 
cover or conceal, which is hore adopted, Some copies have “ni 
soirudd,” and others “ny sevryd."—(E) 

Stanza LXVII. 

Line 3,—For “ Dwc' of the Red Book we should undoubtedly 
read “ Duawg” with tho Myvyrian copy, Duawg was, according 
to Pughe, one of the sons of Llywarch Hen,—(E.) 


POEM XII. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 355. Text, Vol. ii. p. 267. 


Stanza I. 

Tine 1,—* In tho original ‘ Ynhwch,' or the Ashen Thruster ; and 
which is also a propor name of mon ; and it has been taken by some 
to bo so in this poom ; but by taking into conaidoration all the pes- 
sages whoroin the word occurs, it ecems most natural to take it in 
tho senso as if tho bard was addrossing his spear, and bent on 
revonging tho death of his friond.”—Owen Pughe, 

In accordance with this view Pughe renders the opening couplet 
to this offect :— 

“Let mo be guided onward, thou ashen spoar of death, fierce 
Thy look in the mutual conflict.” 


That Unhwch (for the form Ynhwch is not supported by any 
authority) is a porsonal name can admit of little doubt, the word 


^w 


438 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


being nowhere found as an appellative. Unhwch Unarchen is re- 
corded (Iolo MBSS p. 73) as one of three chief bards of Maelgwn 
Gwynedd in the sixth century, the other two being Mynach ab 
Nywmon (or Mydnaw) and Maeldav ab Unhwch. And the memory 
of a person bearing the same name, whether identical or not with 
the contemporary of Llywarch Hen, or with the son of Unarchen, 
is preserved in Caer Unhwch, or Caer Unwch, near Dolgelley in 
Merionethshire, 

“ This elegy has suffered by transcribing, as may be seeu by the 
various readings ; but whether the reading adopted is the best must 
be left to the Welsh critics.”—Owen Pughe. 

Pughe translated not from the Red Book, but from a more 
modern transcript, which is printed in the Afyvyrian Archeology. 
—(E) 

STANZA 1V. 

Line 1.—' Eryr G&âl' in the original, Gl signifies a Gaul, and 
also an enemy (hence galon, gelyn, gelynion) ; thus it seems that the 
Belgic Gauls were the earliest and greatest molesters of the Cymry ; 
hence a Gau] and an enemy were considered as synonymous.”— 
Owen Pughe. 

Gâl is likewise the Welsh form of Gallia, the country of the . 
Gauls or Galli. It also signifies an open or champaign country, a 
plain ; and in this sense it appears to be related to, as well as synony- 
mous with, tal. See Owen Pughe'a Dictionary, ê. v. “ Gal.”—(E) 


STANSA V. 
This stanza is seemingly incomplete in the middle line, and is 
altogether very obecure.— (E.) 
Stanza XI. 
Line 1.—The original “ cledd” signifies the left hand or side 
as well as a sword. 
“ Argledd y canghellawr,” on the left of the chancellor.— Welsh 
Laws.—(E.) 
Stanza XIII. 
Tine 3.—“ A common exclamation amongst the Britons.” — 
Paghe. 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 439 


SraszA xxiu. 
Line 2.—* Arwydd, a sign or token ; any memorial to mark 
the spot,—(E.) 
STANZA xxvin. 


Line 1,—“ Or, perhaps, more literally the hidden or mysterious 
thing of the world ; any great exploit a warrior was to accomplish 
to establish his character. In the age of chivalry the Anoethau 

. Came to signify the impossibilities that were enjoined to be per- 
formed by knights of romance.”—Pughe. A long train of these 
Anoethau will be found dotailed in the Mabinogi of Kilhwch and 
Olwen,—Guest'e Mab, vol. ii. pp. 197-318. This is an obscure 
‘stanza, as might be suspected from the number of the various resd- 

Pugho says that the brother alluded to is Urien, as he was 
the brother of Eurddyl, whom the bard addresses here.—(E.) 


‘Srawza xxix. 


Line 2.—* Alluding to the two usee made of the hom—to 
| sound the alarm of war, and to drink the mead at feasta.”— Pughe 


STANZA XL. 


Line 1.—“ This probably is the Morgant by whose instigation 
Urien was murdered.”— Pughe. 


STANZA XLV. 

Line 3.—' Llovan Llawdivro, otherwise called Llovan Llaw- 
dino or Llawdivo, is recorded in the Triads as the author of one 
of the three “ anvad gyflavar,” or detested assassinations of the 
island of Britain, in killing Urien, the deed alluded to in this 
place.—(E.) 

STANZA XLIX. 

Line 3.—This lino is omitted in the Red Book. It is supplied 

from the Myvyrian Archeology.—(E.) 


STANZA LU. 


Line 3.— The original of this passage is rather equivocal, as it 
might be rendered, the gifts bestowed by Urien ; however, it is 


w^ 


440 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


intended to signify the contrary ; or the gifts and contributions of 
the country of Reged to their prince.” —Pughe. 

Something equivalent to “ firebote” given to the prince is 
probably intended.—(E.) 


POEM XIII. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 584. Text, Vol. ii. p. 319. 


“ An exhortation to Maenwyn, a young warrior, who, it seems, 
had been commanded to capitulate and deliver up his arms. 
Llywarch endeavours to encourage him to resist the offer, and show 
his fidelity to Maelgwn.”— Pughe. 

STANSZA 1. 

Line 1.—‘ Yth erbyn, the expression in the original, may signify 
“to receive” or “ entertain thee,” as well as “-to meet” or “ oppose 
thee,” but the use of “ yth erlit,” “to pursue thee,” in the next 
verse, seems to determine the sense in which “ yth erbyn” should 
be taken here.— (E.) 

Line 2.—' Jeuenctid,' like its English equivalent, youth, denotes 
both the early part of life and young persons considered collectively. 
—(E) | 
Line 3.—The original here, and in the following stanza, is 
“ gesseil,” the import of which is not clear in this connection. 
“ Cesail,” in its usual acceptation, signifies the armpit ; and, meta- 
phorically, the region under the arm, the bosom, and also a nook 
cr corner ; hence * ceseilio,” to take under the arm, to take to the 
bosom ; to shelter or harbour. The various readings in the Myvy- 
rian, which give “ gasseil” in one place, and “'gossail” in the 
other, afford us no assistance to arrive at the right meaning. The 
word is rendered “ foe,” on the supposition that it is a mistake for 
“ gnesawl” (casawl), hateful, odious ; from “cas,” hatred ; hateful, 
odious ; a hateful one, an enemy. 

“ Casawl yw'r gwr a'i ceisiai, 
A dannod ei bod mewn bai.” 
D. eb Davydd. Llwyd. 

. * Odious is the man that would seek her, and ineinuate that she 

is Ín error.” 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, “i 
** Casai,” especially in ita plural form “ caseion,” is in common 
‘use for a hater or an enemy. 


“ Kyssueil,” in the fifth stanza, is assumed to be a transcribers 
mistake for cyssyl, advice or counsel—(E.) 


STANZA Y. 

Line 3,—" The original is maer ; of the same import as the” 
English bailiff; the head officer of a town, district, or farm."— 
Pughe, 3 

‘Stanza vi. 


Line 3.—“ This seems intended as a pun upon the name of the 


youth, Maenwyn implies having the nature or hardness of a. 
stone ; and still the poet thought that the stone that he was speak- 


ing of wanted a little moro hardening.”—Pughe. 
BTANZA VII. 
Line 2.— Celwrn' is a pail or bucket ; but may possibly 
signify here a case or cover.—(E.) 
Line 3.— A sword is here described ; but the name designedly 
omitted."— Pughe. 


POEM XIV. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 266. Text, Vol. ìi. p. 974. 
This poom appears also in the Black Book, No. xvii. 


POEM XV, 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 433. Text, Vol. ii. p. 277, 


The fourteen principal battles (“ pedair prif gad ar ddeg”) of 
Cadwallawn aro enumerated in this elegy ; but it is remarkable 
that it contains no undoubted allusion to the important battles 
which he fought in the north of England, unless they are reckoned 
among the sixty skirmishes (‘cyfarfodydd”), a supposition hardly 
supported by probability. All the places mentioned by the bard, 
except one or two the situations of which are doubtful, are within 
the present limits of the Principality. 


442 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANEA I. 


Line 1.—Before he came to his end or death appears to be 
meant. The stanza is seemingly incomplete, a whole line being 
wanting.—(E.) 

STANSA II. 


Line 1.—The original has no verb expressed in this and similar 
instances, and a more strictly literal translation would be—*“ The 
camp (or encampment) of Cadwallawn on Caint,” etc.—(E.) 


Line 4.—‘ Caint’ is the Welsh form, or rather origin, of Kent 
(cantiam) ; but as the preposition ar, on, not ym, in, is used, it is 
highly probable that a river is intended, and by some it has been 
supposed that the Kent in the north of England is the one referred 
to. It may, however, be stated that there is a Caint in Anglesey, 
which, after joing the Cevni nearly opposite Llangristiolis, falls into 
Malldraeth Bay on the southern side of the island. The name has 
also been compared with Cain, an appellation borne by two rivers 
in the Principality—the one in Merioneth and the other in Mont- 
gomeryshire.—(E.) 

Stanza III. 

Line 1.—‘ Ar ydon.’ Some transcripts have “ar y don "—that 
is, on the wave, or near the sea. What river, if any, is intended, 
ìt is difficult to ascertain. As far as the mere name is concerned, it 
may be identified with the Jthon, Eithon, or Ieithon, which falls 
into the Wye about seven miles above the town of Builth, 
Breconshire.— (E.) 

. STANZA iv. 

Line 2.—* Digoll Vynydd,' or “ Mynydd Digoll,” Long Moun- 
tain in Montgomeryshire, This battle was fought between Cad- 
wallawn and Edwin of Northumbria, and is recorded in the Triads 
one of the “ three discolourings of the Severn,” which was occasioned 
by the flow of the blood of tho slain into it. 

“On this mountain may be said to have expired the liberties of 
Wales, for here was the last contest against the power of our 
eongueror. After the death of Llewelyn the northern Welshmen 
eet up Madoo, cousin to our slain prince; who assembled a great 
ermy, and after several eminent victories at Carnarvon, near Den- 
bigh, Knockin, and again on the marches, was here overthrown, in 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 443 


1294, by tho collected power of the Lord Marchers, after a well- 
fought and long-contested engagement.”—Pennant, Tours, iii, 208. 

‘The mention of “ Digoll Vynydd” in this early poem, proves 
tho erroneousness of Pennant, who states that the mountain derived 
ite appellation from the following circumstance :—“ On this moun- 
tain Henry VII. mustered the friends who promised to join him 
from North Wales and Shropshire, and did not find one who had 
failod of his appointment. On which account the Welsh call it 
Digoll, or Without Loes ; the English name it the Long Moun- 
tain.” 


‘The number of daily skirmishes, as given here, is an instance of 
poetic embellishment.—(E.) 


a STANZA Y. 

Line l.—The Severn. Tho battle of the Severn and on the 
further side of Dygen, and the burning of Meigen, should 
reckoned as forming but one action, being the fourth in the 
catalogue..—(E.) 


Line 8.—' Dygen' is, in all probability, Dygen Freiddin, a 
conical and picturesque mountain in the valley of the Severn, below 
Welshpool in Montgomeryshire, Some are of opinion that this 
mountain was the site of tho last battle which Caractacus fought 
against the Romans under Ostorius.—(E.) 


E 


Line 3.—Tho battle of Meigen, in which Edwin fell, is men- 

. tioned by Nennius, and in the Annales Cambria; but Bede (Hist. 
Eccles, îi. 20) gives Haethfelth (supposed to be Hatfield in York- 
shire) as the place of his death ; hence it has been assumed that 
Meigen and Haethfelth are one and the same place, but it is suffi- 
ciently evident that the Meigen of Llywarch Hen must be some- 
whore in Powys, and at no great distance from the Severn. —(E.) 


STANZA VI. 
Line 1.—' Guy, tho Wye—(E) 


Stanza vu, 


Line l.—"In the upper part of Gwaen Llwg, Monmouth 
shire,"— Pughe, 


444 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


STANZA VIII. 


Line 1.—There are two rivers of this name—the one for a con- 
siderable part of its course divides the county of Caermarthen from 
that of Pembroke, and falls into Caermarthen Bay at Langharn ; 
and the other, after draining a portion of Glamorganshire, 
disembogues into tho Bristol Channel at Cardiff. Dr. Owen Pughe 
remarks on this passage, that “nearly opposite Llandaff, on the 
other side of the Tav, there are the ruins of a British camp in a 
place called Gwaen y Trodau. The tradition of the neighbourhood 
is that the Saxons suffered a great defeat there.”— (E.) 


STANZA IX. 


Line l.—A river in Glamorganshire, on which the town of 
Swansea, or Aber Tawy, is situated —(E.) 
STANZA X. | 
Line 1.—‘ Cae, ‘ Caco,’ or ‘ Caio,’ a hundred in the upper part 
of Caermarthenshiro ; and also a parish in that hundred sometimes 
called “Cynwyl Gaeo,” from the church being dedicated to St. 
Cynwyl. The church is seven miles wost-north-wcet from Llan- 
dovery. “Caer Gaeo” is now a mero village, but it appears to 
have been formerly a placo of importance, and many Roman 
remains have been found in tho neighbourhood. Tho name occurs 
as “ Cair Caiau” and “ Kaircaisu” in the Liber Landaveneis,—(E.) 
STANZA XI. 
Line 1.—‘ Cocyn, or ‘ Cyrcyn,’ a rivor that falls into the Tav at 
Aber Cowyn, near St. Clare's, Caormarthenshire, —(E.) 


STANZA XII. 

Line 3.—‘ Penvro,' the county of Pembroke; that is, Land's 
End or headland. The encampments on the Cowyn and in Pen- 
vro are to be regarded as one battle, being the tenth in the bard's 
enumeration.—(E.) 

Sraxza XI1L 

Line 1.—The Teivi, for the greater part of its course, forms the 
boundary between Cardiganshire and Caermarthenshire, and enters 
the sea a little below the town of Cardigan, which, from this 
circumstance, is called in Welsh, Aber Teivi.—(E) 





NOTES AND ILLU 


‘Sranza I 
Line 1—' Duffyrd? This river 
that it may be a mistake for the 
counties of Cardigan and Merioneth. 
Srawza } 
Line 2.— Bro Dunawd;' or Cai 
prehending the sea-coast of Merione 
Stanza 
Line 21.—Or Meinin, as some 
“perhaps where the abbey of A 
Llanrwst,” but more probably it ¢ 
recognised under that name.—(E)) 
Stanza x 
Lino 3.—' Elwed,’ There is a hu! 
part of Caermarthenshire,—(E.) 


POEM ) 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 448, 


The first fifty-seven stanzas of | 
translated by Dr. Guest in the Archao 
tho translation has boen, with his pe 
is referred to the notes by Dr. Gu 
Tho remaining stanzas have boon tra) 


STANZA L. 

Lin 3,—' Rei' (apparently fron 
times used for riches, wealth, or trea 
of Gwalchmai's Ode to Owain Gwyn 
“Teyrnain n 

Ni grawn | 

‘That is, “ A sovereign is he, ' 

nor hoard up wealth.” 

‘The mediawal poets used their li 


446 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Latin with great froedom. Tho bard no longer wore his gorgeous 
dress and golden torques ; but now, in the days of his misfortune, 
he has only a rude goatskin to shicld him from cold. It was hardly 
worth his while to seck refuge in the mountains, as he had nothing 
valuable of which he might be deprived.—(E.) | 


Staxza LXVIL 

Line 1.—‘ Amhafal,’ which may hero imply, similar, in liko 
manner, after the same manner or fashion, just as. ‘ Avaertwy.’—This 
river has not, as far as I am aware, beon identified with any known 
etream.— (E.) 

Line 2.—According to Lhuyd, the Trydonwy may be identical 
with the Roden in Shropshire. —(E.) 

Line 3.—‘ Terch.’ There arc many rivers in Wales called by 
this name. ‘ Afarchnwy :' the Marchnwy and the Elwydden are 


unknown.—(E.) 
STANZA LXVIII. 


Line 3. —* The Alwen, or very foamy water, falls into the Doe 
a little above Corwen.” —Ocen Pughe. 


STANEA LXIX. 
Line 3.— This can ecarcoly be a correct form. There are 
various readings, but none satisfactory.—(E.) 
STANZA LXX. 
This appears to be only a differont reading of the proceding 
STANZA LXXI. 


Line 2.—‘ Dwyryw,’ the Doe, according to Owen Pughe, but 
this is very questionable. There is Dwyriw in Montgomeryshiro, 
which falls into the Severn at Berriw, about five miles from Welsh- 


pool— (E.) 
Stanza LXXIU. 
Line 1.—‘ Exisyrnion,’ a district in Merionethshire watered by 
the Dea —(E.) 


Line 3.—‘ Uchant, a district in the upper part of Montgo- 
meryshire. This stanza and portion of what follows appear to be 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 47 


* intorpolations, having, as far as I can sce, no reference to Cynddylan. 
—(E) 

‘ STANZA LXXIV, 

This stanza, which consists of eight instead of three lines, seems 
to have been made up by the huddling togethor of three or more 
imperfoct stanzns. Any consccutivo senso is, therefore, hardly to 
‘bo expected from such a jumble.—(I.) 


Stanza LXXVI. 
Line \.— Ercal} now called High Ereal, near Shrewsbury.— 
(E) 
Line 3.—Unless ' Macrysinal’ is intended for Mae rhysonial,” 
or “Mawr y sonial,” I know not what it means.—(E) 


STANZA LXXVII. 

Line l.—' Heledd” implica a brino or salt pit ; and it is also 
tho namo of sovoral places ; and thoro wore women of this name, 
“ Ono of tho daughters of Cyndrwyn was so callod,"—Owen Pughe, 

Yn Heledd Wen and Yn Heledd Ddu aro respectively the Welsh 
names of Nantwich and Northwich in Cheshire, The moaning of 
'“ Holed hwyedic ym gelwir,” the exprossion in tho original, which 
I have, rendorod as abovo, is not obvious. Lhwyd (Arch. Brif. 
p. 208, col. 3) supposes that tho poot here spoaks in the name of 
Holodd, one of tho sisters of Cynddylan, which, if granted, doos 
not removo tho difficulty. Owon Pugho translates the passage 
(Llywarch Hon, p. 95) :—“ Helodd hencoforth shall I be called ; 
but in tho Welsh Dictionary (s. o. “ Hwyodoo"), it is construed 
thus:— “I am called a filling brine-pit,” Assuming that 
“hwyodoo” (hwyodig) is tho past participlo of hwyhau, to lengthen, 
it cannot, without very considorablo violonco, be rondered “ hence- 
forth.” In tho Welsh Laws, tho term Awyedig occurs several times 
for tho malo hawk, as in these instancos :— 

“Ef adolo huyodyc hebawo y kan epenhebogyt pop guyl Uhy- 
haghel”—“ Ho is to have a malo hawk from the chief falooner every 
feast of Bt, Michnol."—(Vol. i. p. 22.) 

“ Podeir ar ugeint yw gworth hwyodio "—" ‘Twenty: -four pence is 
tho worth of a malo hawk.”—(Vol. i. p. 738.) 
I have therefore construed “Heled hwyedic,” the hawk of 


448 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Heledd, an expression which may be compared with “ Eryr Eli” 
in other parts of the poom.—(E.) 


STANZA LXXXVII. 

Line 3.—' Mevyl baryw,) or disgrace of the beard, was a heinous 
crime; but of what nature has not been expressly defined.— Oen 
Pughe. 

This and the three following stanzas aro vory obscure; a romark 
applicable to many other stanzas in this portion of this ancient 
poom.—(E.) 

STANZA XOVI. 

Line 2,—' Pyrydyaw' or “ pyryrdyau” (which appears to be 
the more correct reading) = pyrhyrddiaw, from pyr, forward, and 
hyrddiaw, to push, thrust, or drivo.—(E.) 


Line 3.—Instead of ‘trance, dissolution, death, some MSS, 
have “ tanc,” peace, tranquillity. “A Frank would have no peace 
from his mouth.” —(E.) 

STANZA C1. 

Line 2.—“ The portion, most likely, of Maoddyn, tho brother 
of Cynddylan, as it seems the share of each was callod after its 
owner. So Dyfryn Meisyr and Dyffryn Ffreuer were the shares 
of the two daughters of Cyndrwyn.” —Owen Pughe, 

Lhwyd thinks that Afaoddyn may possibly be identical with 
Micythig or Amicythig, the modern Welsh appellation of Shrows- 
bury. Maes Maoddyn is probably the same as Maes Meueddawg, 
mentioned in “ Englynion Beddau Milwyr,” in the vicinity of which 
Elchwith is said to be interred.—(E.) 


POEM XVII. 
Tranelation, Vol. i. p. 341. Text, Vol. ii. p. 291. 

Line ).—' Gogyfuerchyd' ( = gogyverchydd, from “ cyvarch,” to 
greet or salute freely) appears to be put in opposition to the 
person implied in the verbs preceding it, and not as the objects 
governed by them,—(E.) 

Line 3.—How perishable gold and silver are, even when they 


NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 449 


do not fall into the hands of the spendthrift, compared with the 
lasting oulogy of the bard I—(E) 


Lino 5.—‘ Ieuaf" (somotimos written Ievav), which signifies 
youngest, was not an uncommon name in former times,—(E) 


Line 6.—' Kynnin' I tako to be a misscript for “kynniu” = 
cynnio, a conflict, * Celuyd’ or ' kelwyd,' may bo read eithor * cel- 
wydd,” falschood, or “cclvydd,” skilful, expert. ‘The latter I 
believe is intended here, os well as in a subsequent passage of the 
poem, in which the form “ kelwyd" occurs.—(E.) 


Line 8.—Thero does not appear any reason why ‘ Kynin* here 
should not be taken as a personal nam».—(E) 


Line 9.—' Aerven' is an old namo for tho river Dee, which in 
Welsh is generally called Dyvrdwy. In an account of “The Prin- 
cipal Territories of Britain,” printed in the Iolo MSS, p. 86, and 
translated p. 476, it is stated that Gwynedd extends “ from Cantrey 
Orddwyv to: Menai, including also Acrven and Teyrnllwg ;" and 
Teyrnllwg, from Aerven to Argood Derwennydd.” Madog ab 
Gronwy Gethin, in a poom on tho sudden overflow of the Dee in 
the time of Owen Glyndwr (1404), applies the same name to the 
river :— 

“ Garw distrych llwyth-wrych llaeth-wawr 
Aerven bengrech felen vawr. "—(E) 


Line 10,—' Seleu' = Bolev or Solyv, which is the Welsh form of 
Solomon, Salomon, or Shalomo. Selev or Selyy Ddoeth = Solomon 
the Wise, The name is common amongst the Welsh as early at 
least as tho sixth century, at which period we find Selyv, son-of 

, Cynan Garwyn, mentioned among the chieftains ; and Selyv, son of 
Geraint ab Erbin, among the saints, 
u “4 Deu-lyvr a ddaeth i'm dwylaw, 
Llawn ddoeth, a dan well ni ddaw,— 
Byw-lyvr y Brerin Selev, 
A Llyfr pur Benadur nev.” 
Gronwy Owen.—(E.) 


Selev and Ceneu were sons of Llywarch Hen.—(8.) 
2a 


450 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIOKS. 


Line 11,—That is, on account of the army (Hydd) mentioned 
in a preceding line. —(E.) 

Line 22.—For ‘torri$,’ I read “torrir,” the futuro instead of 
the pest,.—(E.) 


Line 24.—‘ Mor a mynyd’ (= mér a mynydd), literally “sea 
and mountain ;” but the expression is often used simply for “ sea 
and land.”—(E.) 


Line 29.—' Eleri, a river in the upper part of Cardiganshire, 
which, after passing through the village of Tal y Bont, winds its 
course through Cors Vochno, and falls into the estuary of the 
Dovey opposite tho town of Aberdovey. Where ‘ Chwil/ynydd’ is I 
have not been able to ascertain. —(E.) 


Line 37.—For ‘ Barnawe’ I read “ Baruawe” ( = barvawg, 
bearded), assuming that the middle letter was originally u and not 
Ss; and the passage scoms to imply that in consequence of the 
devastations of war, grown-up men would be so scarce, that the 
lines would have to be filled up almost entirely with beardless 


youth. —(E.) 


Line 39.—The meaning apparently is, that Urien was the most 
generous man since Adam.—(E.) 


Tine 42,—‘ Ex’ (their), the word used here in the original 
appears to be erroneously employed for “ei” (his). Some early 
transcriber, we may conjecture, finding the word commonly written 
enw, beginning with an A, assumed that the prosthetic letter owed 
its introduction to the influence of tbe preceding word, which he 
knew would be eu rather than eí, altered the pronoun accordingly, 
forgetting that Aenw is about as old and independent a form as ene. 
—(E) 


POEM XVIIL 
Translation, Vol. i. p, 595. Tad, Vol. ii. p. 293. 


No remarks occur upon this poem. 





NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 451 


POEM XIX. 2 
Translation, Vol. ì. p. 492. Text, Vol, ìi. p. 294. 
Line 28.—Tho meaning of this line is not clear.—(E) 


POEM XX. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 490. Text, Vol. ii. p. 294. 

Dr. Owen Pughe (Welsh Dict. a. v. “ Mabon”) attributes this 
poem to Golyddan, the bard of Prince Cadwallon ab Cadvan in the 
seventh century, but on what grounds does not sppear.—(E.) 

POEM XXI. L 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 493. Text, Vol. ii. p. 296. Uu 


Dr, Owen Pughe (Welsh Dict. s. v. “ Cyweithi”) attributes this 
poem to Adda Vras, a bard of the early part of the thirteenth 
century ; but, « v. “ Cynferth,” to Gwylym Ddu o Arvon, who 
flourished in the time of King Edward II. but it is not found 
among his compositions printed in the first volume of tbe Mycyrian 
Archeology. No portion of the genuine works of Adda Vras is 
known to be extant. Some of tho words in this poem being ille- 
gible, it is impossible to give a full translation of every line.—(E.) 


POEM XXII 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 290. Text, Vol. ìi. p. 299. 
Line 4.—' Brithwyr,' the speckled men or the Picta—(8.) 


POEM XXIIL 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 284. Text, Vol. ii. p. 301. 


This poom is interspersed with Latin lines, which seem to be 
fragments of Latin hymns.—(S.) 


452 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Line 10.—' Gallwydel.' Galloway was called in Gaelic Gall- 
gaidel, of which this is the Cymric equivalent. From Gallwyddel 
comes the Latin form Galweithia. This poem must have been 
written before Galloway became a part of the Anglio kingdom of 
Northumbria —(8.) 


Line 36.—The allusion to Lleu and Gwydyon connects this 
poem with the alliance between the Brython and Gwyddyl alluded 
to in lines 89 and 90.—(8.) 


Tine 82.—The Myvyrian text reads “Gwyr Kelydon,” men of 
Celyddon.—(8.) 

The last part of this poem, from line 84, is contained in the 
Book of Taliessin. The variations between the two texts of this 
part of the poem are very trifling —(8.) 


Line 86.—‘ Caer Govannon.’ In an old list of the churches of 
Linlithgow, printed by Theiner, appears “ Vicaria de Gumanyn.” 
The place meant is probably Dalmeny, on the Firth of Forth, for- 
merly called Dumanyn.—(S.) 


Line 90.—‘ Diaerogyon,' unwarlike, from aer, battle. The Book 
of 'Taliessin reads “ Diverogyon,” distillers, which is preferable. The 
Gwyddyl are called in the Cerdd y Veib Llyr “ Diefyl diverogyon,” 
in the Gododin “ Deifr diverogyon,” and here “ Kyl diverogyon.” 
Ky! may be translated furnace or kiln.—(8.) 


POEM XXIV. 
GosrMDEITH LLEFOET W YNEBCLAWR. 
Translation, Vol. i. p. 596. Text, Vol. ii. p. 304. 

This composition, which is a versified collection of aphorisms or 
proverbs, is ascribed to Llevoed, surnamed “ Wynebglawr,” the 
fiat or broad-faced, who is said to have flourished about the 
beginning of the tenth century. It is called Gosymdaith, or 
Viaticum, being the bard's stock of provisions for the journey 
through life. It is the only poem extant which bears the name of 
this post —(E. ) 





454 APPENDIX. 


MS. HENGWRT 536. 
BONHED GWYR Y GOGLED YW HYN. 


Vryen uab Kynuarch mab Meircha6n mab Gorust 
Ledl6m mab Keneu mab Coel. 

Llywarch Hen mab Elidyr Lydanwyn mab Meircha6n nab 
Gorust Ledl6m mab Keneu mab Coel. 

Clydno Eidin a Chynan Genhir a Chynuelyn Drésgyl a 
Chatra6t Calchuynyd meibon Kynn(6yt Kynn6ydyon mab 
Kynuelyn mab Arthwys mab Mar mab Keneu mab Coel. 

Duna6t a Cherwyd a Sawyl Penuchel meibyon Pabo 
Post Prydein mab Arthwys mab Mar mab Keneu mab Coel. 

G6rgi a Pheredur meibon Eliffer Gosgordua6r mab Arthwys 
mab Keneu mab Coel. 

Gwendoleu a Nud a Chof meibyon Keidya6 mab Arthwys 
mab Mar mab Keneu mab Coel. 

Trychan cledyf kynuerchyn a ttrychan ysg6yt kynnédyon 
a ttrychan way6 coeling pa neges bynhac yd elynt iddi yn 
duun. Nyt amethei hon honno. 

Ryderch Hael mab Tutwal Tutclyt mab Kedio mab 
Dyuynwal Hen. 

Mordaf mab Seruan mab Kedic mab Dyfynwal Hen. 

Elffin mab G6ydno mab Ca6rdaf mab Garmonya6n mab 
Dyfynwal Hen. 

Gauran mab Aedan Urada6c mab Dyuynwal Hen mab 
Idnyuet mab Maxen Wledic amheraGdyr Ruuein. 

Elidyr M6ynua6r mab Gorust PriodaGr mab Dyfynwal 
Hen. 

Huallu mab Tutu6lch Corneu tywyssa6o o Kerny6 a 
Dywana merch Amla6t Wledic y uam. 


APPENDIX, 455 


I 


‘TRANSLATION. 
DESCENT OF THE MEN OF THE NORTH IS THIS. 


I. Uryen son of Kynvarch son of Meirchawn son of Gorust 
Ledlum son of Keneu son of Coel. 

II. Llywarch Hen son of Elidyr Lydanwyn son of Meirchawn 
son of Gorust Ledlum son of Keneu son of Coel. 

III. Clydno of Eidyn and Chynan Genhir and Cynvelyn Drwsgl 
and Catrawt Calchvynyd, sons of Kynwyt Kynwydyon son of 
Kynvelyn son of Arthwys son of Mar son of Keneu son of Coel. 

IY. Dunawt and Cerwyd and Sawyl Penuchel, sons of Pabo, 
the pillar of Prydein, son of Arthwys son of Mar son of Keneu son 
of Coel. 

'V. Gwrgi and Peredur, sons of Eliffer of the great retinue, son 
of Arthwys son of Keneu son of Coel. 

VI. Gwendoleu and Nud and Cof, sons of Keidyaw son of 
Arthwys son of Mar son of Keneu son of Coel. 

Three hundred swords (of the tribe) of Kynvarch, and three 
hundred shields of Kynwydyon, and throe hundred spears of the 
tribe of Coel. Whatever object they entered into deeply—that 
never failed. 

VII. Rydderch Hael son of Tutwal Tutclyt son of Kedio son of 
Dyfnwal Hen. 

VIIL Mordaf son of Serfan son of Kedio son of Dyfnwal Hen. 

IX. Elffin son of Gwydno son of Caurdaf son of Garmonyawn 
son of Dyfnwal Hen. 

X. Gavran son of Aedan the treacherons, son of Dyfnwal Hen 
eon of Idnyvet son of Maxen Guledic, Emperor of Rome, 

XL Elidyr Mwynfawr son of Gorust Priodawr san of Dyfnwal 
Hen. 

. XII. Huallu son of Tutvwlch of Cornwall, prince of Cornwall, 
and Dywana daughter of Amlawt Guledic was his mother. 


456 APPENDIX. 


IT. 
MS, HENGWRT 536, 


TRIOED ARTHUR AE WYR. 


Teir Lleithicl6yth Ynys Prydein. Arthur yn pen teyrned 
ym Myny6 a Dewi yn pen ysgyb a Maclgén G6yned yn pen 
hyneif. Arthur yn pen teyrned yg Kelliwic yg Kerneé a 
Betwini esgob yn pen esgyb a CharadaGc ureichuras yn pen 
hyneif. Arthur yn pen teyrned ym Pen Rionyd yny gogled 
a Chyndeyrn Garthwys yn pen csgyb a G(6rthm6l Wledio yn 
pen hyneif. 

Tri Hael Ynys Prydein. Nudd Hael mab Senyllt; Mordaf 
Hael mab Seruan ; Ryderch Hael mab Tutwal Tutclyt. 

Tri Gwyndeyrn Ynys Prydcin. Run mab Maclgén; Ywein 
map Urycn a Ruabn Peuyr mab Deorath Wledic. 

Tri Deifnia6o Ynys Prydein. Gwalchmei mab Géyar a 
Llecheu mab Arthur a Rhiwalla6n wallt Banadlen. 

Tri Phost Cad Ynys Prydein. Duna6t mab Pabo Post 
Prydein a Gwallaéc mab Leena6c a Chynfelyn Dr6sgyl. 

Tri Thar6 Caduo Ynys Prydein. Kynuarch Cat Caduo 
mab Kynn¢yt Kyn6ytyon a Gwendolou mab Kcidyaé a Vryen 
mab Kynuarch. 

Tri Thar6 Unbon Ynys Prydein. Elm6r mab Cadoir a 
Chynhaual mab Argat ac Auaon mab Talicssin. Tri meib — 
beird oedynt ou tri. 

Tri Lledyf Unbon Ynys Prydein, Llywarch Hen mab 
Elidyr Lydanwyn a Manawydan mab Llyr Lledyeith a 
G6ga6n G6raŷn mab Peredur mab Eliffor Gosgordua(r, 

Tri Unben Llys Arthur. GoronGy mab Echell Uord6yt6n 
a Chadreith mab Porthua6rgadu a Phleidur filam. 

Tri Unben Deiuyr a Brynych. Gall mab Disgyueda(t ac 
Ysgafnell mab Disgyueda(6t a Diffydell mab Disgyfeda6t. Tri 
meib Beird oedynt ell tri. 








Macigwyn uwynog we cnet elder, Arint 
Kolliwio in Cornwall, and Bishop Betwini tl 
Caradawc Vreichvras the chief elder, Arth 
Ponrionyd in the north, and Cyndeyrn Garthy 
and Gurthmwl Gulodio the chiof elder, 

II. Throe generous ones of the Island of | 
son of Sonyllt ; Mordaf Hael son of Servan ; au 
of Tutwal Tutclyt. 

III. Throe fair lords of the Island of Pr, 
Maelgwyn ; Owen son of Urien ; and Ruawn J 
Guledio, 

IV. Throo naturalists of the Island of P 
son of Gwyar ; and Llecheu son of Arthur; an 
Banadlen, 

V. Three pillars of battle of the Island of 
eon of Pabo, pillar of Britain ; and Gwallawr 
and Cynfolyn Drwsgl. 

VL Throo bulls of battle of the Island of I 
Cat Caduc son of Kynnwyt Kynwytyon ; and 
Ceidyaw ; and Uryon son of Kynvarch. 

VII. Throo bull princes of the Island of Pi 
of Cadeir ; and Cynhafal son of Argat ; and Afa 
'Threo sons of bards were those thro, 

. _ VIII. Threo humble princes of the Island of 
Hen sonof Elidyr Lydanwyn ; and Manawydan sc 
and Gwgawn Gwrawn son of Peredur son of Eli 


458 APPENDIX. 


Tri Gway6rud Beird Ynys Prydein. Tristuard Bard 
Vryen a Dyyynelé Bard Ywein a Mianuerdic Bard Cad- 
walla6n mab Catuan a ryha6t cil Morgant. 

Tri Chynwcissat Ynys Prydein. Carada6o mab Bran a 
Cha(rdaf mab Carada6c ac Owcin mab Maxen Wledic, 

Teir Llyghessa6c Ynys Prydein. Gereint mab Erbin; 
Gwen(ynwyn mab Naf a March mab Meirchia6n. 

Tri G6rduagla6c Ynys Prydein. Rineri mab Tangén a 
Dinwaed Uagla6c a Phryder mab Dolor Deiuyr a Brynych. 

Tri Huala6c Ynys Prydein. Catwaladyr Uendigeit a Ran 
mab Maclg6n a Riwalla6n wallt Banadlen. 

Tri Chaduarcha6c Ynys Prydein. Carada6c Ureichuras; 
Menwaed o Arllechwod a Llyr Lluydda(c. 

Tri Gallouyd Ynys Prydein. Greidia6l Galouyd mab 
Enuael Adran a Gweir Gérhyt Ua6r a Drystan Tall6ch. 

Tri Ruduoa6c Ynys Prydein. Arthur a Run mab Beli a 
Morgant M6ynnuagr. 

Tri Thaleicha6c Cad Ynys Prydein. Trystan mab Talléch 
a Huil mab Ca6 a Chei mab Kynyr Kynuaruaéc ac un oed 
taleitha6c arnadunt wynteu ell tri, Bed6yr mab Pedra6t oed 
h6nn(. 

Tri Gle6 Ynys Prydein. Tri meib Hayarnwed Urada(6o ; 
Grudnei a Henpen ac Edena(c. 

Tri ThrahaGc Ynys Prydein. Sawyl ben uchel a Phasken 
mab Uryen a Run mab Eina6n. 

Tri Ysgymyd Aereu Ynys Prydein, Gilbert mab Catgyf- 
fro; Moruran eil Tegit a G6ga6n Cledyfrud. 

Tri G6rdueichat Ynys Prydein. Trystan mab Tall6ch a 
getwis moch March mab Meircha6n tra aeth y meichat y 
erchi y Essyllt dyfot y gynadyl ac ef; ac Arthur yn keissaé 
unh6ch se y téyll, ao y treis, ac nys cauas a Phryderi mab 
Pŷyll amGyn a getwis moch Pendaran Dyued yn Glyn Cuéch 
yn Emlyn a Choll mab Collurewy a getwis henwen h(6ch 
Dallweir Dallben a aeth yg gordodo hyt ym penryn A6etin. 


APPENDIX, 459 


XI. Threo ruddy-epeared bards of tho Island of Prydain, Tris- 
yard bard of Urion; and Dygynelw bard of Owen; and Mainferdic, 
bard of Cadwallawn, son of Catfan; and they were sons of Morgant. 

XII. Throo suprema sorvanta of tho Island of Prydain. Carndawe 
son of Bran; and Caurdaf son of Caradawo; and Owen son of Maxen 
Guledic, 

XIII. Three ftoot ownors of the Island of Prydain, Geroint son 
of Erbin ; and Gwenwywnwyn son of Naf ; and March son of Mer- 
chiaun. { 

XIV. Three strong-crutched ones of the Island of Prydain. 
Rineri son of Tangwn ; and Tinwaed faglawo; and Pryder son of 
Dolor of Deira and Dernicin. 

XV. Throo fetêcred ones of the Island of Prydain. Cadwaladyr 
‘tho blessed ; and Run son of Maolgwyn ; and Riwallan wallt Banadlen. 

XVI. Throo cavaliors of battlo of tho Island of Prydain, Cam- 
awe froichfras ; Menwaed of Arllechwed; and Llyr Lluydauo, 

XVII. Throe hostile ovates of tho Tsland of Prydain, Greidiawl 
Galovyd, son of Enfacl Adran; and Gweyr of great manliness; and 
'Trystan son of Tallweh. 

XVIII. Throo red-spotted oneaof the Island of Prydain. Arthur; 
and Run son of Beli; and Morgant Mwynfawr. 

XIX. Threo front leaders of battle of the Island of Prydain. 
Trystan son of Tallwch; and Huil son of Caw; and Cei son of 
Cynyr Cynfarfawo and one person was supreme over these three: 
Bedwyr son of Pedrawt was that one. 

XX. Three heroes of the Island of Prydain. The three sons of 
Hayarnwed the treacherous: Grudnei and Henpen and Edenawc. 

XXI. Three arrogant ones of the Island of Prydain. Sawyl 
penuchel; and Pasgen son of Uryen; and Run eon of Einaun. 

XXII. Three obstructors of slaughter of the Island of Prydain. 
Gilbert son of Catgyffro; Morfran son of Tegid; and Gwgun of the 
ruddy sword. 

XXIIL Three powerful swineherds of the Island of Prydain. 
Trystan son of Tallwch, who kept the swine of March, son of Meir- 
chawn, while the swineherd went on a message to Essylt to desire a 
meeting with her, and Arthur desired one pig by deceit or by theft, 
and could not get it; and Pryderi, son of Pwyll, who kept the swins of 
Pendaran Dyfed in Gleneuwch in Emlyn ; and Coll son of Collfrewy, 
who kept tho ancient sow of Dallweir Dalben, who went burrowing 


460 APPENDIX. 


yg Kerny6 ac yna ydaeth yny mor, ac yn Aber Torogi yg 
Gwent iscoet y doeth yr tir, a Choll mab Collurewy ac la6 
yny gwrych pe fford bynhac y kerdhei nac ar uor nac ar tir, 
ac yn Maes Gwenith yg Gwent y dodwes gwenithen a 
gwenenen, ac er hynny y mae goreu lle y wenith y llo h6nn6, 
ac odyna yd aeth hyt y Llonwen ym Penuro ac yno y dotwes 
ar heiden a gwenenen, ac er hynny y mae gorou lle y heid 
Llonwen, ac odyna y kerd6ys hyt yn Rib Gyuerth6ch yn 
Eryri, ac y dotwes ar keneu bleid ac ar ky6 eryr, ar eryr a 
rodes Coll mab Collurewy i Urynach Vydel or Gogled, ar bleid 
a rodes i Uenwaed o Arllechwed, ar roi hynny uu uleid Men- 
waed, ac Eryr Brynach. Ac odyna yd aeth hyt y Maendu 
yn Llanueir yn Aruon ; ac yno y dodwes ar keneu cath, ar 
keneu h6nn6 a uyry6ys Coll mab Collurewy ym Menei; a 
honno wedy hynny uu Cath Paluc. 

Tri Phrif Lleturitha6c Ynys Prydcin. Coll mab Collurewy 
a Meny6 mab Teirgwaed a Drych eil KiGdar. 

Teir Prif Hut Ynys Prydein... Hut Math mab Maton6y a 
Hut Uthyr Pendragon a Hut G6ydelyn Gor. 

Tri Diweir Teulu Ynys Prydein. Teulu Catwallaén mab 
Catuan auuant seith mlyned yn Iwerdon y gyt ac ef; ac yn 
hynny o yspeit ny ouynassant dim ida6 rao goruot arnadunt 
y ada ; a Theulu Gauran mab Aedan a aothant yr mor dros eu 
hargl6yd ; ar tryded Teulu Gendoleu mab Keidya6 yn Arderyd 
& gynnalassant y uréydyr pythe6nos a mis wedy llad eu 
hargl6yd sef oed riuedi teuluoed pob un or gwyr hynny un 
Canh(r ar ugeint. 

Tri Aniweir Teulu Ynys Prydein. Teulu Goron6 Pefyr o 
Penllyn a omedassant eu hargl6yd o erbynneit y gwen- 
Gynway6 y gan Leu Lla6 Gyffes yn Llechoron6y yn blaen 
Kynuael ; a Theulu G(6rgi a Pheredur a ada6ssant eu hargl6yd 
yg Caer Greu, ac a oed ymllad trannoeth udunt ac Eda Glin- 
wa(r ; ac yna y llas ell dew’ Ar trydyd Teulu Alan Fyrgan 
a ymchoelasant y (rth eu hargl6yd ar y ford hyt nos ae ell6ng 
ynteu ac weisson Kamlan ac yno y llae. 


APPENDIX. 461 


an far as Penryn Awstin in Cornwall, and there going to sea, landed 
at Abertorogi in Gwont Iscood, and Coll son of Collfrewy having 
his hand on the bristles, whenever sho wont on the sea or on the 
land, and at Maes Gwenith in Gwent she dropped wheat and bees, 
and from heneoforth thoro is the best wheat there, and from thenes 
she went to Lonwen in Penbro, and there sho dropped barley and 
‘boos, and from thence there is the best barley in Lonwen, and from 
thence sho proceeded to the Riw Cyforthwch in Eryri, and there she 
dropped a wolf-cub and an eagle, and Coll son of Collfreuy gave the 
caglo to Brynach Gwyddel of the north, and the wolf he gave to 
Monwaod of Arllechwodd, and theso are the wolf of Menwaed and 
tho eagle of Brynach, and thence going to Maendu in Llanfare, in 
Arvon, and there she dropped a kitten, and Coll son of Collfrewy 
throw tho kitten into the Menai, and she becamo afterwards the 
Paluc cat, 

XXIV. Threo chiof-gleaming ones of the Island of Prydain. 
Coll son of Collfrowy ; and Meniw son of Teirgwaed ; and Drych 
son of Kiwdar, 

XXV. Throo primary illusions of tho Island of Prydain. The 
illusion of Math son of Matonwy ; and the illusion of Uthyr Pen- 
dragon ; and the illusion of Gwydolon Gor, 

XXVI. Throo loyal houscholds of tho Island of Prydain. The 
household of Catwallaun son of Cadfan, who were seven years in 
Ywerdon with him, and in that time demanded no pay nor com- 
pensation from him; and tho household of Gafran son of Acdan, 
who went to soa with their lord; and the third the household of 
Gwendoleu son of Ceidyaw at Arderyd, who maintained the contest 
forty-six days after their lord was slain, The number of the house- 
holds each one of thoir warriors ono hundred men and a score, 

XXVII. Throo disloyal households of the Island of Prydain. 
The household of Goronw Pebyr of Penllyn who refused to stand in 
place of their lord to receive the poisoned darts from Low Law Gyffes 
in Lech Goronwy in Blaen Cynfael ; and the household of Gwrgi and 
Peredur, who deserted their lords in Caer Greu, when there 
was appointment for battle next morning against Eda Glinmaur, 
and they were both slain ; and the third, the household of Alan 
Fyrgan, who returned back by stealth from their lord, on the roed 
at night with his servants at Camlan, and there he was slain. 


462 APPENDIX. 


Teir Gosgord Ad6y Ynys Prydein. Gosgord Mynyda(6c 
Eidyn a Gosgord Melyn mab Kynuelyn a Gosgord Dryan 
mab Nud. 

Trywyr a wnaeth y teir Mat Gyflauan. Gall mab Dis- 
gyfeda6t a ladeid deu ederyn Gwendoleu, a ieu o eur oed 
arnadunt adwy kelein or Kymry a yssynt ar eu kinya(, a 
dGy ar eu c6ynos, ac Ysgafnell mab Disgyfeda6t a ladeid 
Edelfflet urenhin Lloegyr a Diffedell mab Disgyfeda6t a ladaéd 
G6rgi Gar6(l6yt, ar G6rgi honnv ladei kelein beunyd or Kymry 
a d(6y pob sad(rn rac llad y sul yr un. 

Teir Anuat Gyulauan Ynys Prydein . Eidyn mab Einygan 
a ladaGd Aneiryn Gwa6drud methdeyrn beird ; a Llaégat trém 
barga6t alada6d Auaon mab Taliessin ; a Llouan Lla6dino a 
lada6d Vryen mab Kynuarch. 

Teir Anuat U6yella6t Ynys Prydein . B6yella6t Eidyn ym 
pen Aneiryn ; ar uGyellaGt ym pen Godlan bard ; ar u6yella6t 
ym pen Iago mab Beli 

Tri Chyuor a aeth or Ynys hon, ac ny doeth yr un 
dracheuyn onadunt. Un aaeth gan Helen Luyda6c a Chynan 
y braét. Eil a aeth gan Yrp Luyda6c yn oes Cadyal mab 
Erynt; a doeth yma y erchi kymorth ; ac nyt archei o bob: 
prifgaer namyn deu kymeint ac a delhei ganta6 idi; ac ny 
doeth ganta6 yr gyntaf namyn ef ae was, ac ardustru uu 
rodi hynny ida6. A h6nn essoes ll6yraf lluyd a aeth or ynys 
honn, ac ny doeth dracheuyn neb o nadunt. Sef lle y 
trigyí6ys y gwyr hynny yn d6y ynys yn ymyl mor Groec. Sef 
ynt y d6ŷy ynys Gals ac Avena . Trydyd kyudu a aeth 
gan Caswallaŷn mab Beli a Gwenwynwyn a Gwanar meibon 
Llia6s mab Néyure ac Aranrot uerch Beli eu mam; ac o 
Arllechwed yd hanoet y gwyr hynny; ac yd aethant y gyt a 
Chaswalla6n eu hewythyr yn ol y Cesaryeit tr6y uor. Sef lle 
y mae y gwyr hynny yg Gwasgwin. Sef eiryf a aeth ym pob 
un or lluoed hynny un mil ar ugeint; ar rei hynny oed y tri 
aryant llu . Sef y gelwit y uelly; (rth uynet eur ac aryant 
yr ynys gantunt ae hethol wynteu o oreu y oreu 


APPENDIX. 463 


XXVIII. Three pass retinnes of the Island of Prydain. The 
retinue of Mynydawg of Eidyn; the retinue of Melyn eon of 
Cynvelyn ; and the retinue of Dryan son of Nud. 

XXIX. Three warriors who made the three good assassinations 
of tho Island of Prydain. Gall son of Disgyfedawt, who slew the 
two birds of Gwendoleu, who had a yoke of gold about them, and 
devoured two bodies of Cymry at their dinner and two at their 
supper; and Ysgafnell son of Disgyfedawt, who slew Edelflet, 
king of Lloegyr ; and Diffedel son of Disgyfedawt, who slew Gwrgi 
Garwlwyt, and this Gwrgi killed a male and female of the Cymry, 
and two on Saturday that he might not kill one on Sunday. 

XXX. Threo atrocious assassinators of the Island of Prydain. 
Eidyn, son of Einygan, who slew Aneiryn Gwawdrud, the supreme 
of bards; and Llawgat Trumbargawt, who slew Afaon son of 
'Talieesin ; and Llovan Llawdino, who slew Urien son of Kynvarch. 

XXXI. Three atrocious axe-strokes of the island of Prydain. 
The axe-stroke of Eidyn on the head of Aneiryn ; and the axe- 
stroke on the head of Godlan the bard; and the axe-stroke on 
the head of Ingo son of Beli. 

XXXII. Three combined expeditions that went from this 
island and never returned. One went with Helen Luydawg and 
Cynan her brother. Another went with Yrp Luydawe, in the 
time of Cadyal son of Erynt, he came to ask assistance, and he 
asked not from each city, but the same number he should bring with 
him, and there came with him to the first only one youth, and he 
obtained one given him. He was the greatest levier of an expedition - 
that went from this island, and none of the warriors returned. They 
went on an invasive expedition, these warriors, to two islands in 
the sea of Greece, These are the two islands, Gals and Avena, 
The third host went with Caswallaun son of Beli, and Gwenwynwyn, 
and Gwanar sons of Lliaws son of Nwyure, and Aranrot daughter of 
Beli, was their mother, and from Arllechwed were these warriors, 
and they went with Caswallawn, their uncle, against the Cesariot 
over the sea, and these warriors are now in Gwasgwyn. There 
went with each of these hosts one thousand and twenty. These 
are the three silver hosts, They were thus called, for they 
took the gold and silver of the island with them, as much as they 
could. 


464 APPENDIX. 


Teir Gormes a doeth yr Ynys hon ac nyt aeth yr un 
drachenyn. Ky6da6t y Korannyeit a doethant yma yn oes 
Llud mab Beli ac nyt aeth yr un dracheuyn. A gormes y 
G6ydyl Fichti ; ac nyt aeth yr un drachefyn . Trydyd gormes 
y Saesson ac nyt aethant dracheuyn. 

Tri Chud a Thri Datgud Ynys Prydein . Pen bendigeit 
Uran uab Llyr a cladéyt yny Gwynfryn yu Llundein a hyt tra 
vei y penn ynyr ansa6dyd oed yno; ny doy ormes byth yr 
ynys hon. Eil, Esgyrn G6ercheuyr Vendigeit a a gladwyt ym 
pryf byrth yr ynys hon. Trydyd, y dreigieu a gladwys Llud 
mab Beli yn dinas Emreis yn Eryri. 





would come to this island. The second, the bones of 
the blessed, which are buried in the principal ports of 
and the third, the dragons which Llud son of Beli bur 
Emreis in Eryri. . 





Ab Ithel ; sce Williams, Rev. J. 
Aber and Inver, i. 160 sog. 

Aber Avon, i. 481 ; i. 430 
Aber Cammarch, i. 494 

Aber Caray, i. 481 

Abercorn, i. 127 

Aber Cowyn, ii. 444 

Aber Cuawg, i. 580 sg. 
Aberdar, ii. 387 

Aber Dau (Dev), L 484; ii. 880 
Aber Don, i 481 

Aberdovey, il. 450 

Aber Dulas, i. 485 

Aber Dwryr, i. 481 ; ii. 480 
Aber Dyar, ii. 343 

Abererch, i. 311 

Aberfraw, i. 95 

Abergwaith, i. 489 

Aber Gwenoli, i. 310 

Aber Hodni (Brecon), i 478 ; ii 489. 
Aberioed, 1 350 

Aberìady, i. 85 

Aber Llychwyr, ii. 480 

Aber Llyw, i. 320, 334, 358 
Aber Mewydus, i. 174 
Abernaeth, ii. 367 

Aber Bor, i. 481 

Aber Tawy (Swansea), ti. 243, 444 
Aber Teivi (Cardigan), iL 444 





iL 451 
Adobon, Gwarchau ¢ 
Adomnan, i. 137, 17 
‘Adonai, i. 871 
Adonwy, i. 393, 417 
Adoyn, i. 403, 407; 
Adavynen Taliomin; 


|; JEbusss ; sec Ebiess 


Aedan, grandson of 1 
first independent ì 
i. 66, 67, 82, 86, 1 
365, 369, 373, 408 

Aeddan ap Blegwrei 
sovereignty of Wal 

Aeddan, ii. 387 

Eneas, ii. 485 

Aergwl, i. 318 

‘Aeron (the Avon), i 
420; íi. 363, 384, 

Aerven (river Dee), i 

Actius, a Roman con 
appeal to him for 
45, 46 


468 


Albenus and Brittus, i. 99, 109 

Alclut, Alcluith ; sec Alclyde 

Alclyde (Dumbarton), i. 56, 59, 66, 
91, 175, 181, 350, 363, 441; ii. $21, 
406, 414 - 

Alexander II., king of Scotland, ii. 
320 

Alexander the Great, i. 563 seg. ; ii. 
410 

Alexander, bishop of Lincoln, i. 22 

Alexandria, i. 546 

Allmyn, the, i. 436 sog. 491, 595 

Alloit ; sec Llud 

Alun Dywed, i. 312 

Alwen, river, i. 456 ; ii, 446 

Amadas, Richard, ii. 311 

Amaethon, i. 299 

Amathaon, i. 207 

Ambrosius (Emmrys) Aurelianus, i. 
60 

Amelach, son of Beli Mawr, i. 84 

Amhad, ii. 325 

Ambaclur= Ab Maelwr, ii. 343 

Amhìach, ii. 313 

Amlwch, ii. 344 

Ammarch, i. 334 

Ammianus Marcellinus, i. 107 

Amond, river, i. 158 

Anaraut, son of Rodri Mawr, king of 
Gwynedd, & 95, 244, 801, 466; 
ii 397, 403 

Anarawd, son of Anaraut, i. 95,182 

Anchises, ii. 425 

Andrews, Richard, ii. 315 

Aneurin, the Book of, i. 2 sg. 6, 
184 seg. 280 seg. 343, 374 seg.; ii. 
357 20g. 

Anghar Cyvindawd, ii. 327 

Angles, the, i. 6, 273, 284, 286, 345, 
350, 412, 444, 481; iL 414, 419, 
421 

Anglesea (Mona), i. 43, 68, 95, 101, 
106, 201 ; íi. 344, 442 

Angor, i. 405, 419; ii 384 

Angus, king of the Picta, i 90, 180 

Angus Mae Fergus, i. 104 

Angus the Caldes, i 92 


INDEX. 


Anhun, Annun, i. 511; ii $82 

Anllech, Aullech, father of Brychan, 
i. 82 

Annales Cambria, i. 99 ; ii. 865, 448 

Annandale, i. 173 

Annwfn, Annwvn, i. 201, 228, 264; 


ìi. 140 
Anoeth, i. 313 


Anrhec Urien, ii. 414 

Anwas Adeiniog, i. 262 

Aphrodite, ii. 354 

Apple-trees (the Avallenau), i. 870 ; ii. 
334, 335 

Arafania, i. 253 

Arafin, i. 253 

Aranwynion ; see Garanwynion 

Arawn, son of Cynvarch, received 
from Arthur the district of. Yscot- 
lont or Prydyn, i. 69, 201, 319; ii. 
356 

Archcologia Britannica, i. â 

Archaologia Cambrensis, the, i. 18; 
ii 401, 415, 418, 445 

Arddeg, i. 404 

Ardderyd, important battle of, i. 54, 
66, 172, 175, 222, 233, 868-973, 
462 seg. 490 ; ii. 820, 336 

Arddunion (Ardinning), i. 837 ; ii. 402 

Ardmacha (Armagh), ii. 812 

Ardudwy, i. 312, 478, 481; íi. 429 

Arecluta, i. 179 

Aregaithel, i. 173 

Arfynydd, íi. 413 

Argad, i. 319 

Argoed Llwyfain, battle of, i â, 6, 212, 
232, 365 seg. 404, 454; ií. 413 

Argoedwys, the, ii. 387 

Argyll, i 110 

Arianrod, mother of Llew, i. 301, 206, 





INDEX. 469 

Arthga or Arthgal, king of Btrathelyde, | Bamborough, i. 62 

4 181 Dancarw, i, 392 
Arthur, king, i 22, 28, 50, 62-57, 59, | Banceirw, i, 392 

85, 98, 220, 250, 315 ; Hi. 321, 349, | Bangor, i. 618; ii 319. 

369, 379, 404, 419, 410, 438 Bangor, the, of Seiriol, i 244 _ 
Arthur's O'on, i. 60 Bannawg, a mountain, i 
Arthur's Seat, i. 67 174, 418 


Asin, i. 253, 541, 546 

Athfodla (Atholl), â. 192 

Athraw, Jonas, ii, 307, 428 

Athuc, íi. 436 

Atlantic, the, ii. 355 

Atticotti, the, i. 107 

Augustine, ii. 320 

Aullech ; see Anllech 

Aurelianus, a term Guledig (Im- 
pemtor), i. 50, 62 

Avacrwy, river, ì. 456; ii. 446 

Avagddu, i, 298, 525 

Avallon, i. 59 

Avallenau, the, 4, 5, 12, 222, 233, 
240 ; translation of, 370; íi. 316 aeg. 
335, 420. See Apple-trees 

Avon, river, i. 67, 91, 158, 178 ; ii. 
367, 401. Ser Aeron, Haefe 

Awarnach, í. 262 

Ayrshire, i. 62, 173, 180 ; ii, 402 


Banton, i. 566 

Bacon, Thomas, ii. 357 

Badon Hill, battle of, 34, 50, 57. See 
Bouden Hill 

Baedan, son of Cairill, i. 86 

Raldred, i. 176 

Ballimote, Book of, i. 56, 81 





Bede, i. 13, 84 seg. 52, 69-75, 114 seg. 
127, 177, 297; ii 365, 897, 405, 
as 

Bedwyr, i. 263, 311, 484 

Beidawg the Ruddy, i. 314 

Beit (Beith, Ayrshire), wood of, i. 337; 
ii, 402 

Beli, father of Iago, king of Gwynedd, 
i. 67, 464 aeg. ; ii, 368 

Beli Hir, i. 472 

Beli Mawr, i. 84, 300 (1), 443 

Beli, son of Elffin, king of Strathelyde, 
i. 75, 169, 179, 181 

Beli, son of Manogan, í. 491 ; ií. 420 

Belis, the two white-shielded, i 468 

“ Bellum Armterid,” i. 65 

Ben Arthur, i. 63 

Benlli Gawr, i. 318 

Beorhtfrith, Berhfrid, the alderman, 
i. 89, 90; ii. 866 

Bernicia, kingdom of, i. 39, 52, 62, 
80, 177, 943; ií. 414, 419. 

Bernith, i. 89 


470 INDEX. 

Berriw, ii. 446 Bribon, i. 422 

Bersabe, i. 547 Bridlaw, í. 263 

Beuder, i. 865 Briotan Maol, grandson of Nemeid, i. 


Biceot, son of Moneit, i. 90 

Birch-tree,—a poem, i. 491 ; ii. 334 

Blegwred, ií. 95 

Bleiddiad, i. 410 

Bleiddvan the Bold, i. 383 

Bleiddgi, i. 418 

Bleiddig, Bleidic, i. 417 ; ii. 368 

Blnddvan, ii. 364 

Bludwe, Bludne, i 879 ; ii. 875 

Rodgad ; sec Bathgnte 

Bodw, i. 423 

Boece, Hector, i. 142; ii. 415 

Bonhed y Scint, the, i. 29, 82 ; ii. 367 

Bonny, river, i. 54, 58 

Borderers, the, i. 467 

Bouden Hill, ín Linlithgowshire (the 
Mons Bedonicus of Gildasf), the 
scene of Arthur's twelfth battle, i. 
67, 58; ii. 349 ; 

Brachan, i. 83, 448 

Bradshaw, Henry, ii. 311 

Bradwen, í. 317, 893, 417 

Braint, i 316 

Bran Hen, i. 168 

Bran, son of Aidan, ii. 369 

Bran, son of Gweryd, i. 295 

Bran, son of Llyr, i 201, 205, 275 

Bran, son of Mellyrn, i. 360 

Branwen, daughter of Llyr, i. 27, 901, 
205 


Breac ; sce Brit 

Brecon ; sec Brecknock 

Brechtraig, son of Bernith, i. 89 

Brecknock, i. 43, 82; iL 315, 857, 
442 

Breicheinawg, i. 338 ; ii. 403 

Breint, L 418 

Brenneich, i. 376 sg. 

Brennych, i. 391 

Bretanaigh ; ace Brit 

Breton dialect, i. 136 seg. 

Bretrwyn, region of (Troon, in Ayr- 
shire), L 337; ii 402 

Breych, i. 402 


80 

Britain, i. 35, 36, 44-46, 61 

Brit, Brith, Braith, Brych, Bretanaigh, 
meaning of, i. 84, 93 ; ii, 421 

Brithguein, i. 84 

Brithi, i. 271 

Brithwyr (=speckled men = Picts), i 
43, 83, 93, 106, 109, 228, 290, 478 ; 
ii. 427, 451 

British Museum, Welsh MSS. in, i 
2, 25 

Britonia, i. 300 

Britons, the ; sec Brython 

“* Britonum, Historia,” i. 37-40, 99 

Brittany, i. 196 

Brittus and Albanus, the brothers, i. 
99, 109 

Brochmail, i. 13, 234 

Brochwael Yscythrog, i. 19, 594; ii. 
431 

Brochwel Powys, i. 13, 64, 68, 69, 
975, 448 seq. ; ii. 404, 409 

Bron Aren, region of, i. 310 

Brudes, the thirty, i 128, 133 

“Brut Geoffrey ap Arthur,” “ Brut y 
Brenhinoedd,” and the “' Brut Tys- 
silio,” notice of, i. 23-26, 69 

“' Brat y Saeson " and the *“' Brut y 
Tywysogion, i. 26, 27, 39, 69, 96, 104, 
209 seg. ; ii. 313, 318, 423 

Bruts, origin of the, i. 245 seg. 

Brutus, king of Britain, i 22, 90 

Brwyn, í. 308, 312 

Brwyno the Tall, í. 315 

Brych, i. 392 seg. 

Brych river, i. 93. See Brit 

Brychan and his family, i. 43, 82, 83, 94 

Brycheinawg, i. 312 

Bryn Eglwys, ií. 431 

Bryn Hydwn, i. 385 

Brynach Wyddel, son-in-law of Bry- 
chan, i. 83; ii. 400 

Bryneich, i. 257, 857, 487; iL 863, 
419 





INDEX. 4m 
Brython, the, i. 18, 99, 102, 109, 204, | Caenwg (sce Hyfeld Hir), i. 374 my; 
228, 354, 373, 381, 421 aeg. 696 | ii. 363 aeg. 368, 870, 372 
aeg. 473 aeg. ; ii. 863, 404 ‘Caeramond (Cramond), íi. 401 
Brythyon, í. 491 aeg, ‘Caer Caew (Caeo, Gaeo), i. 434; ìi. 44 
Bryum, i. 456 Caer Caradawg, i. 340 h 
Buallt, i. 494 ] Cher Cenedir, i. 302, 310 
Buarch Beird, ii. 398 Caer Ceri, i. 438 
Buchanan, George, i. 142 ‘Caer Cerindan i. 985 
Buddugre, i. 895 ; ii. 383. Caer Clud (Glasgow), i. 340 
Buddvan, i. 383 ; iL 364 Caere ; see Carron’ 
‘Baden ; se Bouden. Caer Eiddyn ; see Carriden 
‘Builth, ii. Caer Gamwedd, i. 473; ií. 487 
Byrri, river, i. 481; ii. 450. | Caergein, Cargein, Caergaint (Canter- 

‘bury!), i 470; ii. 420. 

Cap (Cat) Goden, i. 205 aeg. 275, 351; Ur nr mw ydd 
Mi. 328 
Cadafel (Cadavacl) slays Tago, i. 68; | Caer Golud, {. 265 
ii, Caerlegion, battle of, I. 18, 65, 489 
Cadell, valen of, i. 447 Caerleon, Kaer Legion, different towns 
‘Cadell, Cadwal, king of Bouth Wales, | called, i. 55 
4, 95 nippy AE md 
Cadell of Powys, i. | Caer a Gwydyon, ; dL 969. 
nn ‘Caer Llion ; see Caerleon. 
'Cadgyffro, i. 307 Caer Lliwelydd (Carlisle), i. 224, 287; 
Cadnant, i. 414 ii. 419 
Cadleu, i. 350, 414 Caermarthen, î. 486; ii. 815 aeg, 885, 
Cado, Book of, i. 470 409, 444 


Cadreith, i. 414 

Uadrod Calchvynydd, son-in-law of 
Brychan, i. 82, 167 se. 172 

Cadvan, king of Gwynedd, í. 68, 71, 
72, 368, 413, 464; ii. 868, 419, 451 

Cadvaon, i. 373 

Cadwal ; see Cadell 

Cadwaladyr, Catgualart, the last king 
of Britain, i. 22, 68, 69, 73, 74, 235, 
301, 373, 436-446, 405 »eg.'; ii. 337, 
362, 308, 421 

Cadwallawn, Cadwallon, Cadwalla, 
Catgabail, Catguollawn, Catgwal- 
laun, Chon, succeeded Ceretic in 
the sovereignty of Britain, i. 68 seg. 
gains the battle at Meicen, 70, 88, 
177 aeg. 234, 272, 431 seg. 464 ; ii. 
419, 441 aeg. 451 

Cadyow (see Godeu), í. 178 

Caeaw, i. 813 








Caermarthen Bay, ii. 835, 444 

Caermarthen, Black Book of, L 2 seg. 
19, 10, 21, 186 aeg. 216 seg. ; ii. 315 
aeg. 

Caernarvon, ii. 894, 408, 442 

Caer Ochren, i. 266 

Caer Pedryvan (a Roman camp), i. 284; 
ií. 41 

Caer Rawick, ii. 401 

Caer Reon, Caer Rheon, Caer Rian 
(Reon) = Carn Ryan, i. 970, 488; 
ii, 387, 401 

Caer Rigor, í. 265 

Caer Rywg, i. 270 

Caer Sallawg, i. 484 

Caer Seon (Jerusalem), i. 289; iL 362 

Caer Sidi (city of Tudeuf), í. 264, 276; 
ii 404, 411 

Caer Unwch, ii. 438 

Caer Vandwy, i. 265, 294; ii, 352, 411 


472 


Caer Vedwyd, ì. 265 

Caer Vevenir, i. 278 

Caer Weir (Durbam), i. 226, 267, 436; 
ií. 399, 419 

Caer Wendolew (Carwinelow), i. 66 


Calatria (Calathros), district of, i. 92, 
177 ii 367 

Calchow, Calchvynyd (Kelso), i. 173, 
173, 369; ii. 406 

Calder (Caldovar), i. 92 

Calder, river, ii. 365 

Caldovar Moor, i. 92, 93 

Caledon ; see Celyddon 

Callander, i. 177 

Camber, son of Brutus, i. 99 

Cambria Magton of (ruhelydo . 


Cambridge, ii. 311 

Cambuslang, i. 174 

Camlan, Camelon, battle of, í. 69, 60, 
201,381 ií. 411 

Camelon ; sce Camlan 

Camwr, i. 325 

Camason, Canswon (Cuningham), i 
430; ii. 407 

Candida Casa (Whitehorn), i 180 

Canna, i. 566 


INDEX. 


Caradoc of Llancarvon, i. 22, 26, 83, 
168, 172, 308, 885 seg. 429; íi. 313, 
364, 405 sog. 

Caranmael; i. 459 

Carant, ii. 407 

Carausius, i. 109 

Caredig, Ceretic, successor of Maelgwn. 
in the sovereignty of Britain, i. 67, 
69; ii. 364, 368 

Cardigan (Aber Teivi), ii. 340, 444 aeg. 

Cardigan Bay, i. 65; ii. 351, 363, 406 

Caridwen, Cariadwen, Ceridwen ; see 
'Cyridwen 

Carlisle, i. 179, 188, 226, ee Caer 
Lliwelydd 

Carmannock, L 174 

Carmuirs, village, il, 411 

Carn Gaffon, i. 412 

Carnhuanawc, ii. 241, 485 

'Carno, battle of, í. 20 

'Carrawg (Carrick), i. 310, 429; âi. 403 
aeg. 415 

Carrec Hytwyth, i. 451 

Carreinn, i. 205 

Carrick, district of, 170 seq. 180 ; ií. 
407. See Carrawg 

Carriden, Caredin, i. 92, 178, 178, 
413; ii. 367, 374, 384 


Carron, river in Dumfriesshire, L 429; 
ii. 407 
Carron, river in La, 


58, 58, 60, 90, 91, 92, 178 ; ii. 367, 
370, 420, 431 

Cartasine, i. 547 

Carthage, i. 648 

Carwinelow, i. 66, 173] 

Carwyd, i. 167 ser. 

Caswallawn, brother of Lind, i. 443; 
ii, 419, 422. 

Caswallawn Law Hir, great-grandson 
of Canedda, L 47, 61, 63 


; 2 Cadwallawn 

Cathbregion, Cat Yreith, the, i. 67, 
84, 91, 98, 106, 290, 493; ii. 408, 
420 








Cathkin hills, i. 174. 


Catraeth, i. 843, 354, 376 seg, 382 seg. 
am EN Ee 


Cechmyn, the, i. 437, 442 

Cedgaeli, district of, in Wales, i. 47 

Cedig, son of Dyfnwal Hen, i. 167 seg. 

Cedwyy, i. 368 

Ceidiaw, son of Garthwys, i. 160 sg. 
294, 308, 403. 

Ceint, Caint, river, i 488 ; ii. 442 

Celi, i. 432 ; íi. 331 

Cellawr Brewyn, i. 350 

Celli, i. 262 

Celli Briafael, i. 814 

Celtic dialects, 120 aeg. 

Colvi, i. 817 

Celyddon (Coed), the forests of Selkirk 
and Ettrick,—the scene of Arthur's 
seventh battle, i. 54, 58, 102, 283, 
241, 870 seg. ; íi. 320, 823. 

Celyddon (Llech), i. 82 

Cemmaes, i. 318 

Cenan, i. 415 

Ceneu, son of Coel, i. 166 ag. 855, 
365 ; ii. 418 aeg. 

Ceneu Gwyn, i. 418 





Cenuit, son of Ceredig, i. 167 se. 
Ceolfrid, abbot of Jarrow, í. 114, 117 
Cerddenin, i. 313 

Cerdic, founder of Wessex, i 6 
Ceredig Guledig, i. 167 aeg. 384 op. 
Ceredigion, i. 98, 432. 


Chwifleian, the Sibyl, ì. 872 ; íi. 336 

Cian, i. 314, 877, 418 

Cibno, i. 397, 427 

Cilydd Gwaredawg ; see Glyd 

Cinbelin, i, 168 

Cincar Brant, i. 168 

Cinran, i, 802, 810 

Cisuen, i. 547 

Clackmannan, i. 92 

Claudian, i. 45, 107 

Cleddyfein, wood of, i. 838. 

Clewaint, i. 317 

Clinog, son of Dyfnwal Hen, i. 160 

Clinog Eiddyn, i. 169 

Clonmacnois, i. 124 

Cluden, river, fi. 402 

Cludvein, battle of, i. 350 ; íi. 402 

Clut ; ses Clyde 

Clyddno Eiddyn, i. 167 aeg. 174, 310, 
311, 304 

Clyde, firth and river, i. 45, 109, 431 
aeg. 408 ; âi. 890. 

Clydesdale, i. 178; fi 406 

Clydwyn, i. 887 

Cand, i. 814 


474 INDEX. 


Coch o Normandi, i. 208, 223 

Coch o'r Iwerddon (Gwyddyl), i. 102, 
103 ; sec Gwyddyl 

Cocholyn (Cuchullin), i 210 seg. 254 ; 
ii, 417 

Coed Liwyvein, i. 488 

Coegawg, i. 336 

Coel Hen, and kings of the race of, i 
166 seg. 316, 430; ii. 375, 407, 418 


seq. 

Coel (Kyle), i. 480 ; ii, 407 

Cogni, wood of, i. 271 

Colan, St., ii. 319 seg. 

Colbertine M8., i. 101 

Coll, son of Beli, i. 443 

Collwyn, i. 486 

Columba (St.), i 62, 67, 187, 176; ii. 
319, 369 

Colwedd, i. 381; ii 377 

Conan (Cynan) Tindaethwy, great- 
grandson of Cadwaladyr, i. 76, 93, 
236 seq. 

Conaaus (Cynan) Aurelius, Â 50, 63, 


64 ; 
Constantine, elected Imperator by the 
Roman troops, i. 46, 48 ; reigned in 
Devon and Cornwall, 63, 94 
Constantine, king of the Scots, i 181, 
309 


Conwsy in Wales, i. 43, 301 

Conwy, river, i. 466, 490 

Coraniaid, the, i. 102 

Corbre, enclosure of, í. 810 

Corbredus Galdus, i 171 

Corcnud, í. 314 

Cordeylla, Creidylad, son of Llyr, i 81 

Cormac Ulfata, a king of Ireland, i 
81, 84, 86 

Cornwall, i. 94, 101, 136 seg. 436 ; ii. 
394 

Corrol, i. 310 seg. 253 ; ii. 388, 417 

Corsfochno, the affair of, i. 65, 213 
8cg. 342, 439; ii, 340, 450 

Corth, Cymorth, wife ef Brynach 
Wyddel, i. 83 

Certh, daughter of Brychan, ii. 400 

Corwen, íi. 446 


Cotton M8. of the “' Brut Tyssilio,” i. 
25, 26 

Cov, son of Ceidiaw, i. 167 seq. 

Cowyn, Cywyn, river, i. 484 ; ii, 444 

Cramond (Caeramond), ii. 401, 411 

Crawick, ii. 401 

Creurdilad, daughter of Llud, i. 208 

Cromwell, Oliver, i. 2 

Cruithne and his seven sons, i. 198, 
133 

Cruthentuaith, the territory of the 
Pictish kingdom, í. 81, 84, 110 

Cruthnechan mac Inge, i. 109 

Cuchullin ; ses Cocholyn 

Cuelli, i. 262 

Cuhelyn, a bard of the ninth century, 
i. 19, 498 acg. ii. 324, 327 

Cuichelm, king of Wessex, i. 210 

Culross (Cuilennros), i 92 

Cumbria, Britons of, i. 75, 165 seg. 
179, 182, 242 seg. 

Cunedda and his sons expel the Scots 
from Wales, i. 45, 47 seg. 68, 77; 
termed Guledig by the Welsh, 48, 
49; came from Manan Guotodin, 
77, 82, 83, 84, 93, 226, 957, 318; 
ii. 418 seg. 

Cuneglase, ruled in the eastern part of 
Wales, i. 68 

Cunin, i. 308 

Cuningham, district of, i 170, 180; 
ii. 407 

Cunllaith, i. 464 

Cunobelinus, ii. 398 

Curoi ; see Corroi 

Cuthbrictiskchirch (Kirkcudbright), 
i. 129 

Cwy, i. 265 

Cychmyn, the, i. 497, 442 

Cydivor, ii. 313 

Cydywal, i 881 ; íi. 964, 368 

Cyhaig, i. $26 

**Cyfrinach Beirdd ynys Prydain," a 
posthumous work of Iolo Morganwg, 


* 
—bL — — 


—— YR 





vyuau, = wein prigce woo meu w 
Ireland, i. 30, 93, 95, 269 seg. 901, 
439, 465 org. See Conan 

Cynan Garwyn, i. 64, 306, 441, 447 
aeg. iii. 872, 409, 449 

Cynan Genhir, i. 167 aeg. 411 

Cynan Gyhored, i. 318 

Cynda, i. 474 

Cyndaf, i. 236, 474 ; ii. 478 

Cynddelw (Prydydd. Mawr—the great 
bard), L 21, 208 ; ii 346, 343, 359, 
372 

Cynddilig, i. 314, 820, 323, 298 seg. 

Cynddylan, i. 311, 448 awg. ; i. 813, 


Cyngen, i. 448 ; i. 491 

Cynhaval, i. 390, 433 aeg. 

Cynin, i. 341 ; ii. 449 

Cynllug, i 320 

Cynon, i. 810, 911, 315, 317, 381 sg. 
414 oeg. 442; ii. 308 

Cynrain, i 881 ; ii. 863 

Cynri, í. 381 

Cynwel, i. 317 

Cynvan, i. 386 

Cynvarch, father of Urien, i. 88, 166 
am MAL Hi RA 


476 


Deer, Book of, i. 154, 157 

Deffrobani, i 547 

Deganwy, i. 275 

Degsastan (Dawston in Liddesda e), i. 
177; ii. 365 

Deheubarth (South Wales), 1 446, 
487 ; ii. 340, 368 

Deifr, Deivyr (Deira), i. 876, 381; ii 
863, 377, 452 

Deinoel, i. 485 

Deleroith, i. 90 

Demetia (South Wales), i. 45, 63 

Denbigh, íi. 442 

Denises-burn, battle at, i. 71. 
Catscaul 

Deodric; ere Theodric . 

Dermot M‘Morrogh, ii. 817 

Derwent (Derwenydd), river, i. 66, 
179, 406; ii. 449 

Deudracth (the two strands), i. 304; 
ii. 408 

Devwy, i. 265 

Dewi, i 484, 496 

Dewinvin, i. 317 

Dialgur of Arvon, i. 421 

Diarcbion Cymraeg, ii. 323 

Dicaledones, the, i 107 

Diefyl Diverogion (theGwyddy]) ii 462 

Digoll Vynydd, i 494 ; ii. 442 

Dinas Maon, i. 303, 433; ii. 884 

Dinbych (Tenby), i. 306; ii. 388, 408 

Din Drei, i. 890 

Dindywydd, i. 892, 406, 431 

Dineiddwg, i. 270 

Dineiddyn ; see Dunedin 


See 


INDEX. 


Diwel ; sce Dywel 

Dolabellus, ii. 420 

Dolgelly, ii. 343, 488 

Domanquet, ii. 369 

Domnal Breck ; sce Donaldbrec 

Domnall Mac Auin, king of Alclyde, 
i. 179 

Don, i. 350 

Donald, king of the Britons, i. 182. 

Donaldbrec, Dyfnwal Bree, king of. 
Dalriada, i. 177, 238, 402, 407 ; ii. 
359 seg. 386 

Dormach, i, 294 | 

Douglas (Dubglas), river in the district 
of the Lemnox, the locality of four 
of King Arthur's battles, i 53 

Dovar, in Alban, where Briotan Maol 
dwelt, i. 80, 91; ses Iardovar 

Dovey (Dyvi), river, i. 65, 234; ii. 
$40, 445, 460 

Dovyr, battle of, i. 596 

Downing MS. of the “ Brut y Bren- 
hinoedd,” i. 24, 26 

Dremrudd ; see Rhun Dremradd 

Drostan, i. 90 

Drudwaa, i. 325 ; ii. 350 

Druids, the, i 7, 8, 16, 29, 30, 283, 
442, 535, 662; ii. 350 

Drumelzier (Dunmeller), i. 54 

Drum Essyd (Kilsyth hills f), i. 893 ; 
ii 883 

Duawg, son of Llywarch Hen, i. 8365 ; 
ii, 437 

Dublin, i. 871, 436 

Dubriactus, i. 547 

Duffodir de Calatria, ii. 367 

Duffyrdd, river (Doveyf), 485; ii. 
446 


Leamhan), & 56, 66, 86, 175, 223 ; 
ii, 321. See Alclyde 
Dunawd, a district in Wales, i. 435; 
ii. 445 
Dunawd Deinwyn, i. «66 
Danawd Vawr, i. 166, 176, 355 ag. 
Dundaf, ii. 370 





Thundevenel, Dundonald, i. 85 
Dunedin, Dunedene, Dineiddyn (Edin- 
Wurgh), i. 85, 270, 419; ìi. 367, 401. 


Dyfed (South Wales), i. 43, 47, 209, 
241, 304, 430 veg. 478, 483 seg. 
Dyffryn Ffreuer, íi. “48 





Dyfi, kings of the line of, i. 61 ang. 
234, 432. 

Dyfnwal Hen and his four sons, i. 167, 
169, 179 ; íi. 408, 415 

Dyfnwal Moclmud, Institutes of the 
Bards of, i, 30 

Dyfynwal Vrych, Dyfnwal Breo ; sec 
Donalibreo 

Dyganwy, i. 482 seg. 

Dygen, i. 484 ; íi. 443 

Dylan cil Ton, i. 201, 282, 288, 810; 
ii. 417 

Dynol, i. 96 

Dynevor, i. 95 

Dyved ; see Dyfed 

Dyvi ; ace Dovey 

Dyvnaint (Devonshire), i. 267 ; ii. 
345 

Dyvnwydd, i. 408 





den, river, i. 100 

Edern, i. 258 

Edcyrniawn, i, 457 ; H. 446 

Edgar, son of Malcolm Canmore, i. 
183. 

Edlin ; see Eiddyn 

Edinburgh (Mynyd Agned), the great 
stronghold of the Picts, 57, 58, 
85; ii. 867. See Dunedin, Eiddyn 

Edmund, king of Wessex, L 182 

Ednyfod, son of Macsen, i. 168 

Edrywfy, i. 816 

Edrywy, í. 283, 482 ; il. 884 

Edwal, last of the direct line of the 
Welsh kings, í. 20 

Edwal Vocl, son of Anarawd, a Welsh 
Prince, i. 96, 287 

Edward L, i. 96 

Edwin (Etguin), son of Ella, king of 
Northumbria, i, 68, 70, 177, 180, 
234, 482; ii. 846, 442 eg, 

Edyrn, i. 801 

Effyd, i. 888 

Egypt, plagues of, íi. 550 

Eidal, i. 815 


478 


Eiddew, i. 315 

Eiddiwlch the Tall, i. 313 

Eiddyn Cymminog, i. 262 

Eiddyn, i. 337 sog. 379 ecg. 401 seg. 
412 seq. 533 ; ii. 364, 367 sog. 401 

Eiddyn (sec Carriden), i. 878 ; ii 874, 
394 

Eidiol, i 395 

Eidoel, i. 499 

Eidol, i. 398 sog. 

Eilean Manand, ií. 366 

Eilinwy, i 316 

Einyawn, son of Cunedda, i. 818 

Eirinwed, í. 460 

Eithinyn, L 388, 393, 413, 423 seg. ; 
ii. 380 

Eithir, i 319 

Kithon, river ; sec thon 

Eivionydd, i. 317 

Elaeth, i. 19, 501 ; ii. 332, 344 

Elchwith, i 315 ; ii. 448 

Eledyr Lydanwyn, father of Llywarch 
Hen, i. 82, 168 

Eleri, i. 342 ; ii. 450 

Elestron, i. 286 

Elffin, son of Eagein, i. 169, 314 

Elfin, son of Urien, i. 163 

Elfric, father of Osrie, and uncle of 
Edwin, i. 70 

Elgan, i. 368 

.Elgno, i 360 

Eli, i. 417, 452 seg. 530 

Elidyr Mwynvawr, i. 169, 174 

Elisner, L 316 

Eliver (Eliffer) Goagordvawr, i. 167 
00g. 369 ; ii. 322 

Ella, father of Edwin, i. 68, 24 

Ellie, Rev. D., ii. 344 

Eloi, í. 432, 503 

Elphin, i. 261, 275, 360 seg. 388, 537, 
533 seg. 541 

Elvan, i. 462 sey. 

Elved, i. 485 ; ii. 445 

Elwydden, mound of, i. 461 

Elwydden, the, i 456 

Emain, Muine ; see Mynaw 

Emrais, i. 2363 


INDEX. 


| Emyr Llydaw, i. 314 


Eneas, i. 530 

Englynion Beddau Milwyr, ií. 448 
Enlli, i 416 

Ennli the Dyvi, i. 275 

Enoch, i 557 

Enor, i. 548 

Enovant, i 398 

Enysbrachan, island of, i 38 
Eocha, son of Run, i. 181 
Eochodius Find, ii. 869 

Eossa ; sec Ebissa 

Eppa, i. 273 

Epynt, i. $12 

Erbin, i. 304, 313, 369 

Ercal, i 457; ii. 447 

Ercwìf, i. 226, 255 ; ii. 416 
Erechalde, i 447 

Ergryd, i 310 

Erlleon, i. 361 

Erof, i. 255 ; iL 416 

Errith, i. 368 ; ii. 321 

Erthgi, i. $78 

Erthir, í. 319 

Ervai, i. 405, 408 

Erydon, i. 462 

Eryri, i. 272, 901, 370, 432, 479, 490 
Esk, river, i. 48, 66 

Esk (North), river, i. 92 

Essyllt, wife of Mervyn Frych, i 76 


Etguin ; sce Edwin 

Ethelfirth, king of Bernicia, i. 68, 69 

Ethelfred, i. 70, 384 

Ethelfrid, king of Northumbria, ii 
365 


Ethelric, i 234 

Ethiopia, i 562 

Ettrick Forest, i. 43, 54 ; ii 222. Ses 
Celyddon 

Eudav Hir, i. 308 

Eubonia, Eamaa, Eamania, Eumaais 
Eufania, Umania, i. 77, 86, 87; # 
373 

Eugein, father of Elfia, i 169 

Ealad, i. 385 





" 


i 
abe 
U 


Hy 


‘Evans, Rev. D, Silvan, of Llanymaw- 
ddwy, í. 17, 18 ; ii. 445 
Evans, Roy, Evan, i. 4; ii, $71, 386, 


Fethgna, bishop of Armagh, ii, 319 
eg. 

Ffervarch, i. 407 ; ìi. 988 

Fiichti, Gwyddyl, the, i. 102 aeg., 286, 
304, 431. Seo Gwyddyl 

Fflamddur, i. 401 

Ffraw, river, i. 332 

Ffreuer, i. 455 seq. 

Ffynnon Wenestr, i. 802; ii. 354 

Ffyrnvael Hael, i, 313 

Fiech’s Life of St. Patrick, ii. 821 

Fife, i. 100, 182 

Findgaine, son of Deleroith, i. 90 

Finguine, son of Drostan, i. 90 

Fintry, parish of, ii. 870 

Firbolg, the, i. 80, 88, 84 

Fitzhamon, Robert, a Norman knight, 
i. 90, 239. 

Flamddwyn (Theodric=Deodric, king 
of Bernicin), i. 176, 289, 865 seg. ; 
ii, 418, 418 

Florence of Worcester, i. 88 





“Furnus Arthuri,” i. 60 


GAEDHEL; see Gwyddyl 

Gacl, the ; see Gwyddyl 

Gafis, land of, i. 258 

Gafran, i. 838 ; íi. 403 a 

Gafran, father of Aedan, i. 66, 82, 84, 
16 403 

Gaidel Ficht, son of Mucertach mae 
Erea, i. 94 

Gal, i. 855 ; ii. 438 

Gala, the river, i. 55; ii. 419 

Galdus ; sec Gwallawg. 

Galedin, the men of, i. 102 

Gall Cynnin, i. 598 

Galldarus, i. 666 

Galloway (Galwethia), 4. 43, 85, 86, 
89, 140, 180 ; ìi. 820, 401, 452.» 

Galls, the, i 86 ; ii. 488 

Gallt Tryvan, í. 811 

Galtraeth, ii. 866 






480 


Galwydel, the (Gallwegians), i. 43, 
140, 160, 284 ; ii. 452 

Galystem, i. 344 ; íi. 412 

Garant, i. 429 

Geranwynyon, L 344, 873; iL 337, 
412, 420 

Garanwys, i. 546 

Garboniaun (Gerwynwyn), i. 167 seg. 

Garboniaun, son of Coel Hen, i. 168 

Garmawn, L 441 

. Gernat, son of Deleroith, i. 90 

Gerthmadrin, kingdom of, i. 82 

Garth Merin, i 419 

Garthwys, Arthwys, son of Mor, i 
167 seq. 406 

Garwlwyd, i. 263 

Garwy, i. 482 

Geus Campus, i 86, 89; ii, 365. See 
Catraeth 

Gawrnur, i 259 ; ii. 405 

Geirionydd, i. 272, 343 

Geirw, the, i. 456 

Gelli Caer, i 443 

Genealogy of the Saints, i. 29 

Genethawg, i 308 

Geoffrey of Monmouth, i 31-26 

Geraint, i 6, 266 scg. ; ti 449 

Gerefa, Saxon office of, L 90 

Gereint, i. 404 seg. 530 

German Ocean, i 103 

Germanus, i. 38 

Gewel, i. 312 

Gilbert, í. 307 

Gildas, and the works attributed to 
him, i. 33-37, 44, 48, 49, 173, 
213 

Gileoin mac Ercail, ii. 416 

Gint ; sec Gynt 

Giollacaomhan, Irish translation of 
the “' Historia. Britonum ” ascribed 
to, i. 40 

Giraldus, i. 13 

Girvan, ii 403 

Giedaa, sea of, i. 92 

Gindi ; sec Ieden 

Glamorgan, íi. 335, 357, 421 

Glannese, island of, i. 70 


INDEX. 


Glasgow (Caer Clud, Denryn Wleth), 
i. 61, 62, 276; ii, 404, 416 

Glastonbnry Abbey, i. 84 

Glein, river, Northumberland, where 
Paulinus baptized Angles, i 52 

Glein, river, Ayrshire, where Arthur's 
first battle was fought, i 62 

Glen Douglas, i. 58 . 

Glenmairison, i. 177 

Glenterra, ii. 403 

Glewlwyd Gavaelvawr, i. 261 

Glutvein ; sec Cluden, Clutvein 

Glyd Gwaredawg, i. 406 

Glywymyg, i. 439 

Godebawg, Godebawc, Godebog, i. 
879 ; ii. 375 

Godeu (Cadyow), battle of, 205 seg. 
275 seq. 351 ; ii. 328, 899, 413, 414 

Gododin, the, by Aneurin, i. 4 seg. 
12; the Gododin poems, 374 s0g.; 
ii. 357 seg. 

Gogyrwen, i. 260, 275 ; ii. 324 

Goholeth, i. 295 

Golyddan, i. 11 ; ií 398, 461 

Golystan, i. 423 

Conorylla, son of Llyr, i. 81 

Gorchan ; see Gwarchan 

Gorchan Adebon ; sec Adebon 

Gorchan Cynvelyn, the, i. 5, 199; ií. 
357 

Gorchan Maelderw ; sec Maelderw 

Gorchan of Tudvwich, L 410 seg. ; ii. 
358, 391 

Gorddodan, the, i. 12 

Gorlasear, i. 297 

Goronwy, i. 269, 283 ; ii, 346 

Gorthin Hir, i 409 


Gosgordd, retinus in connection with 
the Guledig, i. 49 ; i. 963, 405 
Govannon, Gwmanyn, i. 286; ii 452. 

Ses Caec Gofannon 
Gower, district of, in Wales, i 47 
Gowaddeìw, L 416 





l 


i 
i 


Ê 
E 


HU 
if 


i 


isi 
| 


F 
8 


Guest, Dr., í. 51 ; ii. 445 
Guest, Lad; 
se 


ly Charlotte, i. 27, 28, 31, 
. 392, 423 





169 

Guledig, the British, equivalent to the 
Roman Imperator, i. 48, 49, 67, 
23 

Gumanyn ; sec Govannon 

Guotolin ; see Gododin, Manau Go- 
dodin 

Gureit, Guriad, king of Alelyde, i. 179 

Gurrith, i. 368 ; íi. 321 

Gwaednerth, i 397, 420 

Gwaedol ; see Wedale 

Gwaelod ; sec Cantrev y Gwaelod. 

Gwaen Llwg, ii. 443 

Gwaen y Trodau, ii. 444 

Gwaeth Corsfochno, the, i. 65 

Gwair, i. 424 ; ii. 361, 388 

Gwaith Mynaw, íi. 418 

Gwalchmai, i. 807, 310 ; ti. 445 


DEX. 481 

'Gwallawg ap Lleennwg, i. 5, 168, 171 
meg. 231 neg. 296, 810, 830 aeg. 300; 
di. 351, 403. 

Gwananhon, i. 398, 400, 423 ; ii. 884 


Gwen, i. 910 
Gwen, son of Llywarch Hen, i. 311, 
319 seg. 354, 384, 380, 891, 905, 


egl bou nei eet se: 


Gwenddolew, i 66, 168, 172, 204, 
S71, 463 seg. 483; ii 330 

Gwendydd, i 871, 462 aeg. ; i. 894, 
am 

Gwengad, i. 427 

Gwenle, i. 817 

Gwensteri, the name of two rivers, i 
338; ii. 402 

Gwent, i, 43, 64 

Gwentians, the, i. 365, 429 ; ii. 407 

Gwenystrad, the battle of, i. 4, 5, 6, 
343, 363 ; íi. 887, 406, 412, 420 

Gwernor, i 426 

Gwerunyd, i. 427 

Gweryd, i. 295 

Gwgawn, i. 386, 403 

Gwgawn Gleddyvrudd, i 308, 315 

Gwhyr, i. 481 

Gwiawn, i. 380, 408, 459, 525, 685 

Gwibir Vynyd, í. 294 

Gwid, Gwit, Wid, ii. 880 

Gwid, son of Peithan, i. 387 

Gwidig, i. 481 

Gwilym Tew, ii. 857 

Gwineu, íi. 431 





Gwosprid, i. 520 

Gwrgi, i 168, 176, 313 

Gwrgon Goddeu, wife of Cadrod Calch- 
vynyd, i. 82 

Gwrgun, i 364 

Gwrhir, i 263 

Gwriad, father of Mervyn Frych, i 
94, 310, 385 

Gwrien, i. 385 ; ii. 368, 380 

Gwrnerth, i 500; ii. 431 

Gwrtheyrn, i. 437, 440 

Gwrtheyrn Gwrthenau, i 314 

Gwrthlev, i. 379 

Gwrvelling the Great, i. 380 

Gwrwawd, i 310 

Gwrweddw, i. 430 

Gwryan yn y Gogled, ii. 368 

Gwryat, ii. 368 

Gwryd Engwawd, i. 313 

Gwryd, Gwruid, Gwerid, i 56, 57, 
174. See Werid 

Gwryen, i 309, 313, 385 

Gwrys, i. 400 

Gwy, Wy (the Wye), ií. 484, 438, 481 ; 
ii 443 


Gwyddno Garanhir, i. 167 seq. 298 seg. 
302, 363, 384 ; ii. 851 seg. 406, 411 

Gwyddwg, i. 389 

Gwyddyl, the, í. 13, 43, 44, 63, 88, 101 
ang. 230, 233, 409, 431, 486 seg.; ii. 
890, 400, 404, 415 seg. 458 

Gwyden, i. 355; ii. 415. See Gwydyon, 
land of 

Gwydien, i. 389 

Gwydyon ap Don, i 201, 204, 345, 
269 seg. 531; ii. 342, 352, 300, 406, 
415, 421, 452 

Gwydyon, land of (N. Wales), i 200; 
ii, 418 

Gwyllycawy, i 260 

Gwyn, i. 385 seg. 462 

Gwyn Dragon, i 388; íi. 878 

Gwyn Godybrion, íi. 268 


INDEX. 


Gwyn Gwarther, i. 468 

Gwyn of Gwynlliwg, í. 312 

Gwynassed, i. 412 

Gwyndodians, the, i. 842 

Gwyndyd, i. 406 seq. 

Gwynheidyd, i. 410 

Gwynion, Guinon, ii. 413 

Gwynn ap Nudd, i. 293 seg. ; ii. 851, 411 

Gwynnedd (North Wales), i. 43, 47, 174, 
241, 290, 342, 375, 400, 462 seg.; ii. 
864 aeg. 400, 409, 427, 449 

Gwynn Gwynionawg, valley of, i. 812; 
ii. 412 

Gwynwyd, i 390 

Gwyr, i. 409; ii. 389 

Gwyran, river, i. 494 

Gwyr y Gogledd, the Men of the 
North, i 83, 242; ii. 366 seg. 309, 
406, 411. See Y Gogledd 

Gyrthmwl, i. 314, 457 

Gwythur, i 808, 315 ; ii, 342 

Gwythwch, i 315 

Gylvach, i. 412 

Gylvin Gevel, i 469 

Gynt, i. 409, 482; ii 336, 389 


Haan ; see Ohan 

Haearddur, i 838 

Haefe (the Avon), river, i. 90, 91; 
ii. 366 

Haethfelth (Hatfield, ín Yorkshire), 
battle of, i. 68, 70 ; ii. 443 

Hafren (river Severn), i. 13, 484, 446; 
ii, 443 

Hanes Taliesin, an important prose 
tale, notices of, i. 30, 32 

Harddnenwya, i. 490 

Hayarndor, i. 298 

Hearnddur, i. 230 

Heiddyn, i. 401 

Heidiliawn, i. 431 

Heilyn, i. 336, 834 

Heledd, i. 458 ; ii 447 

Hengist, a leader of the Saxons, i. 51, 
437 


Hengwrt Collection of Welch MBS., 
L 1, 2, 106 ; ii. 816, 957, 907 





INDEX. 483 
Hen Eglwys, i. 310 Hussa, son of Ida, i. 175, 291 
‘Hennin Henben, i. 318 Hwrreith, i. 805 
Henpen, i. 208 Hyfeidd (Hyvaidd) Hir, i 230, 338, 
Henry L, i. 96, 208, 223, 246, 470 | 351, 876 ; ii. 364, 368, 370 sg. 414 
aeg. 5 di. 317, 429. Hyveidd ; see Hyfeidd. 
Henry lI., & 209, 240; il. 315 mg. | Hyvlydd, i 819 
am Hywel, son of Goronwy, ii. 346 
Henry VIL, ii. 443 
Henry of Huntingdon, i. 22, 114 sg. ; | Tao, son of Bali, succeeds 
ii. 367 in the sovereignty of Gwynedd, i. 
Henwyn, i. 309 67, 443, 404 seg. ; ii. 368 
Herbert, Hon, Algernon, i. 8, 16, 190 | Ial, i. 354 
seq. di. 350. Tardovar, in Alban, i. 80, 91 
Herbert, William ; sec Pembroke, Earl | Ida, founder of the kingdom of North 

umbria, i, 6, 37, 62, 175, 281, 234 

Hercules (Erewlf), íi. 416 Tdas, i. 616 
Hergest, Red Book of, i. 2 #07. 21, 27, | Idases, the two, i. 489, 490; ii. 340, 
28, 105, 191 soy, 208 009, 295; dd. | 341. See Judan 
‘BOT seg. 423 seg. Tddawo Condd sa 
Heriot, river, 4, 55 Tdno, 4, 175, 368 
Herod, i. 662; lí. 416 Idwal Iwrch, son of|Cadwaledyr, | 
‘Hessitio and his sons, i. 99, 100 69, 239, 433, 465 
Higlen's Polychronicon, i. 109 Teithion, battle of, 5. 
Hinwedon, i. 481 ; ii. 480 Ieuan, i. 386 
Hiraddug, i. $09 Teuav, i 341 
Hiracthawg, i. 620 TH; ae Isla 
Hirerw, i. 318 bd Ilia, i. 546 
Hireurur, i. 350 Ina, king of Wessex; his action 


Hoddelm, Hoddom, i. 173 
Hoewgi, Hoewgir, i. 388 ; íi. 878 
Hoianan, the, i 12, 209 seg. 240, 
482; ií. 21, 316, 338 

Holy familics in Britain, i. 89 

Holywood, the, ii. 402 

Honddu, river, ii. 429 

Honorìus, i. 46, 49 

Horsa, Hors, i. 437 

Horses, Triads of the, i. 28, 29, 806-7 ; 
ii. 820, 409 

Houllsworth, Rev. Richard, ii. 311 

Howel ap Goronwy, i. 208 

Howel dda, son of Cadwal, i. 89, 41, 
95, 236, 244, 465 

Hu, i. 299 sg. ; ii. 418 

Humber, river, i. 48, 51 

* Humphreys, Dr. H., bishop of Bangor, 

ií. 315 








wrongly attributed to Ivor, i. 73 
See Ivor 

Indra, i. 546 

Tnnis Manand, ii. 366 

Inver, the (at the junction of tb 
Leven with the Clyde), battle at, i 
350 

Invers and Abers, i. 150 seg. 

Invernglas, í. 53 

Inverury, Bass of, i. 58 

““ Iolo Manuscripts,” the, í. 30 ; ii. 441 

Ior, i. 345 

Ireland (sce Iwerdon), ii. $17 aeg. 

Irish Annals, the, i. 94, 69 ; ii. 360 
365 


Irongath Hill, near Linlithgow, ii 
401 ; sec Agathes 

Irvine, river, i. 62 

Irving, Vere, íi. 305 


| 


484 


laidorus of Seville, i. 37, 102 

Isla (lli), island of, occupied by the 
Firbolg, i. 80 

lerael, sons of, i. 559, 565 

lesac, i. 384 

Jtaa, Iddas ; sec Judas 

Ithon, Ieithon, Eithon, @ river, ii. 
442 

ledeu, Giodi, city of, i. 88, 91, 92, 
804 ; ii. 404, 408, 411 


. Îvor, son of Alan, king of Armorica, 


i. 68, 73, 75, 239 

Iwerdon (Ireland), i. 101, 103, 274 
arg. 288, 433, 436 ang. 484, 548 ; 
ii. 417 


Jaco, son of Edwal Voel, i. 287 

Jamieson, Dr., i. 172 

Jarbhainel, son of Nemeid, ancestor 
of the Tuatha De Danann, i. 80 

Jerusalem, Sion, Seon, i. 289, 546; 
ii. 352 

Jeme, father of David, i. 561 

Jestin, Lord of Glamorgan, i. 96 

Jesus College, Oxford, Welsh MSS. 
in, i. 2, 94 

Jeuaf, son of Llywarch Hen, i. 212 

Jevan, son of E«lwal Voel, i. 287 

Joechim, i 547 

Job, i. 514 

Jobaath, grandson of Nemeid, i. 80 

Joceline, i. 61, 173, 176; ii. 404 

Johannes ; sec John the Evangolist 

John, King, i 13 

Johan the Evangelist, i. 542 ; ii. 315 

Jonah, i. 564 

Jonas Athraw of 8t. David's, i. 194 

Jones, Edward, i 4, 5 

Jonce, Hugh, keeper of the Ash- 
molean Museum, i. 24 

Jones, Mr., of Gelly Lyvdy, i 1 

Jones, Owen, a London farner, 1. 6 

Jones, Theophilus, ii, 357 

Jones, Rev. W. Basil, Archdeacon of 
York, & 43 

Jereerth, son of Madog, i. 175 

Jesselino's edition of Gildas, i. 34, 61 


INDEX. 


Judas Iscariot, ii. 340, 341 

Julius Cesar, ii. 420, 422 

Jutes, the, i. 93, 108 

Juvencus, the Cambridge, i 216 ; ii. 
$11 


KAERLIUM, Kaerlion, Kairlium, i. 
55, 58. See Caerleon, Leogis, Dum- 
harton 

Kaldrtracz, Kaltraez ; sec Catraeth 

Kayrmerdyn, íi. 315 

Ked, i. 274 

Kein, Cain, river, ii. 343 

Kelso, i. 172 ; ii. 406. See Calchow 

Kelydon, ii. 452. See Celyddon 

Kemble, J. M., i. 149 

Ken, i. 286 

Kenneth mac Alpin, i. 181 

Kent, Dr. John, ií. 332 

Kent, river (Caint), ìi. 442 

Kentigent, 5t, i 54, 59, 61, 62, 66, 
67, 85, 86, 173, 176; ü. 424 

Kepduff (Killduff), i. 85 

Kerdd (Cerdd) y Veib Llyr, a poem 
attribute to Taliessin, i. 13; fi. 
411 

Kian, i. 525 

Kilhwch and Olwen, Mabinogi of, ii. 
350, 392 seg. 439 

Kilvesyth (Kilsyth), ii. 383 

Kincaid, i 146 

Kincardine or Mearna, i. 138 

Kirkcudbright, i. 115, 129 

Kirkintalloch, i. 146 

Killsleibeculean, in Ulster, i. 85 

Kinnell, Kineil, parish of, i. 92, 178 

Knockin, ii. 449 

Kyffin, Edward, i. 24 

Kyle, Coel, Cyle, district of, i. 170, 
180, 188; ii. 407 

Kymry ; ses Cymry 

Kynan Garwyn ; 200 Cynan 

Kynin ; sec Cynin 

Kynvelyn ; see Cynvelyn 

Kyvoessi Myrdin ; see Cyvoeael 


Lame, Malcolm, i. 6 





Lennox (Linnuia), district of, i. 53, 
104; ii. 418 

Leogia, Legionia, i. 55 

Leum, Leamhuin, Leambea ; see Leven 

Leven, river, i. 65, 56, 189 ; íi. 413, 
414, Ses Learahain 

Lewis Glyn Cothi, i. 21 

Lhuyd, Edward, i. 4, 44; ii. 916, 
357 seg. 446 mg. 

Liddel, river, i. 66 

Lindisfarne, i. 92, 179 

Linlithgow, i. 99 

Linnnis ; se Lennox 

Lintheamus (Cambuslang), i 174 


Llan Beuno, i. 310 

Llancarvan, ii. 313 

Llandaff, ii. 444 

Llandysilio, ii. 431 

Llanelwy (St. Anaph’s), monastery at, 
founded by Kentigern, i, 62, 316 

Llanerch (Lanark), ii. 336 

Llangollen, 1 334 

Llangristiolio, ii, 442 





. INDEX. 


486 
Llwy, i 390, 422 Lothus ; see Llew 
Liwyddawg, i 313 Jucas (the Evangelist Lake), i. 542 


Liwyfain ; sce Leven 
Llwyvenydd (Lennox), i. 347 seg.; ii. 


Llyr, Lir (the Lear of Shakespeare), a 
British king, i. 81, 274, 307; ii. 
403 


Llyr Merini, father of Caradoc, i 82, 
168 
Llys Llonion, i 432 


Llywarch Hen, reputed author of 
poems in the Red Book of Hergest, 
i 2,8, 94, 168, 184, 212, 235, 311, 
319 seq. 391, 569 seg.; ii. 345, 350, 
355 seq. 371, 435, 437 909. 

Llyward Prydydd y Moch, i. 12, 222 

Llywelyn, i. 483 seg. 590 

Llywelyn, the last prince of North 
Wales, i. 96, 292 

Llywelyn Sion, bardic president of the 
chair of Glamorgan, i. 29 

Llywri, i. 973 

Llywy, i 300, 818 

Lochar Moss, ii. 406 


Lomond, i. 158, 159 

Lomoad (Loch), i 53, 55, 59, 158 

Loug Mountain, the, i. 313 

Long (Loch), i. 53 

Longporth (Portsmouth), battle at, i. 6 

Lothian, district of, i. 50, 85, 91 ; ii 
907 ong. 


Ludd ; sce Llud 

Lugar, son of St. Monenna, i. 85 

Luirig, iL 94 

Lumonoy, Stagnum (Loch Lomond), 
i. 55 

Luna, i. 511, 640 


Mabinogion, The, published by Lady 
Charlotte Guest, i. 27, 28, 191 seg. ; 
ii. 338, 392 seg. 423 seq. 

Mabon (vale of the Nith), i 262, 337, 
363 seg. 562; ii. 402, 406 

Mabclav, ií. 435 

Machawy, Machawe, i 314, 870, 437 ; 
ii. 334, 342 

Machreu, i. 370; ii. 384 

Machynlleth, ii. 340 

Mackwy Dau Hanner, i 460 

M‘Morrogh, Dermot, ii 317 

Macpherson's ‘‘ Ossian,” i. 4 

Macsen Guledig, i 160; ii. 405 

Madauc ; ses Madog 

Madawg, son of Uthyr, i 226, 256, 
912, 817, 834, 375, 386, 898; ii 
416 

Madawg Elved, i. 421 

Maddeu, i 384 

Madog ap Meredyth, prince of Powys, 
i. 21 ; ií. 316, 443 

Madyeith, i, 419 

Madyen, i 396 

Mael, i. 494 

Maeldav, a Welsh ecclesiastic, i. 64, 
67 ; ii. 438 , 

Maelderw, Gwarchan of, i. 281, 414 
seq. ; ii. 97, 857 seg. 362, 877, 300, 
894 


Maelur, i. 318 

Maen, i 334 

Maen Gwyngwn, i. 377 

Maenan, Maenen, abbey of, ii. 445 
Maenwyn, i. 584; ii. 440 
Maesedauc, Magedauc, Magadavac 





INDEX, 487 

(Mugiock im Stirngybire) i. 104, | Maris, castle of, i. 547 

180. Ste Muglock Marituen, i. 546 
‘Magh Fortren ; sce Fortren Marro, |, 374 
Magl Girgin ; are Mearns: ‘Mam, i 511 
Mailcun. king of Gwy- | Marwnad Cyndyllan, ii. 313 aeg. 

nedd, i. 47, 48, 62 aeg. 93, 218, | Mary, St, i. 54, 62, 437, 503, 515, 

334, 204, 208, 368, 420, 463 any, | SA7 sg. BT. 

640, 584 ; Hi. 321, 368, (38, 440 Masguic Clop, or Llyr Merini, i 168 
‘Major, John, £ 142 Masswy, i 286, 
‘Malcolm, king of the Seota, £ 38, 182 | Math, i 201, 208, 281, 299 ; i #42, 
Malcolm Canmore, i. 183. 47 
Malldraeth Bay, ii. 442 Mathavarn, i 317. 

Man, Isle of ; ee Eubonia, Manau. ‘Mathes, i. 288. 
‘Man-Llachar, ii. 406 Matholwch, king of Ireland, i. 201, 
‘Manau, Manann, Manand, the name 

Riven bythe Welsh tothe IsleofMan, | Mathonwy, king of Arvon and Moma, 

4.775 ii, 417; also the name ofa | _ i. 201, 205, 260; ii. 342, 417 

‘region in Scotland (Mansa 06 

96, 140, 200, UU 

ii. 352, 366, 399 Matthew of Westminster, ii. 368 
‘Manannan mac Lir=Manawydan ap | Maurice, William, ii, 316, 357 seg. 

Myr, i. 79, 81, 201, 262, 276 Maw, bush of, i. 337 ; ii. 401 
Manawyd, i. 78, 375 ; ii. 404 Mawddach, river, ii. 243 
Manogan, i. 431 ; íi. 420 Maximos, a Roman, i 45, 48 
Mansel, Louis, ii. 423 Mead (the) Song, by Taliesin, i 4 
Mansel, Sir Edward, a collector of | Mearns (Magh Girgin), i 110, 132 

Welsh MSS., i, 1. See Margam | Mechydd, son of Llywarch Hen, £ 


Maodyn, i. 460 ; ii. 448 

Marc the Anchorite, i. 38 

Marea, i 540 

Marcarucia, i. 540 

March, i. 515; ii. $42 

Marchell, danghter of Anllech, and 
mother of Brychan, i. 82 

Marchers, Lord, ií. 443 

Marchleu, i. 384 

Marchnwy, river, i. 458; ií. 446 

Marcus (Mark), i. 542 

Marcus elected Imperator by the 
Roman troops, í. 46 

Marcus, Marcianna, ii. 342 

Mare Fresicum, the, i. 40, 61 

Maredut, Meredyth, prince of Powys, 
ii. 316 

Margam Priory, i. 1; collection of 
Welsh MSS. at, 3; ii. 423 





Medlan, i. 456 

Medraut (Modred), son of Llew, í. 60, 
62, 93, 204 

Meidlyawn, í. 421 

Meigant ; see Meugant 

Meigen, Meicen, battle of, i. 68, 70, 
434, 443. See Haethfelth. 

Meigen, son of Run, i. 811, 312, 315 

Meilyr, i. 312. 

Mellt, i, 262 

Mellyrn, i. 360 

Menei, the, i. 301, 447 

‘Meneivians, the, 429 

Menin, river (1), i 435; ii. 445 

Merchin, i 803 

Meirchion, ii 342 





488 


Meimir, i. 453 

Meivod, ii. 431 

Merchion Gul, father of Cynvarch, i 
166 wg. 

Meredith, prince of South Wales, i. 


* 

Meredydd ab Rhys, ii 339. 

Merin, Meryn, i. 396, 419 

‘Merlin (Meldredus), í. 54, 241, 54 

Merlinus Ambrosius, iL 336 

Merlinus Bylvestris, ii. 330 ag., 429 

Mervin, l 203 

Mervyn Frych, king of Wales, i 38, 
76, 94, 236, 244, 466 seq. 491 org. 

Mervyn, king of Powys, grandson of 
Mervyn Frych, i. 95 

Mersia, i. 566 

Merwerydd, ii. 355 

Meugant, Meigant, i 13, 19; ii. 328, 
75 

Meurig, i 298, 336 

Mevania (Man), island of, 1. 84 

Meweddawg, i, 815 





Meyer, Dr. Carl, íi. 383 

Michael the Archangel, I 509 ; ii. 330. 

Michael, St, i. 85 ; ii. 447 

Migvie, church of, i. 157 

Mibngel, Mihangel ; ses Michael 

Milerians, the, â. 139 

Milford Haven, ii. 339 

Minawg ap Llen, i. 296 

Minron, battle of, i 489 

Mirein, i. 390, 423. 

Mocetauc ; sec Macerdane 

Mochnwy, Vochuy, i. 482; ii. 384 

Modred ; oe Medraut 

Modron, i. 281 

Moel Maelaur, í. 851 

Mona (Anglesea), & 48, 68, 341, 264, 
375, 292, 297, 338, 429 ag. 436, 
443, 473, 483; ii 340 

Moncit and his son, i. 90 

‘Memenna, 8t., i. ôl, 66 

Moai, i. 173 

Mor, grandoen of Coel Hen, i. 106 org., 
312, 354 








INDEX, 


Mor Greidiawl, i, 381 

‘Moray Firth, i. 188 

Môr y Werydd (Geranus Verginius), 
ii. 355. 

Morawg, I. 280 

Moreant Bule, i. 168, 175, 231. 

Mondai, i. 375 aeg. ; il. 317 

Mordav Hael, i. 169, 174, 476 

Morlei Uffin, i. 420, 490 

Mordel, the, í. 255, 854 ; iL 964 org. 

Mordwydtyllon, £ 205, $75 

Morgant, i. 360; iL 439 

Morgant Mawr, i 463 

Morganwg, lolo (bardic title of Ed- 
ward Williams), i. 29-82, 198 aeg. 
221 wg. 

Morganwg, the Cymry in, i 43 

Morgwneu, i. 476 

Morial, í. 309, 340, 394 

Morialis, i. 548 

Morien, i. 300, 386 

‘Morini Brython, & 286 

Morken, i. 61 

Morlas, ford of, £ 831 ang. 

Moryyrn, i, 472, 476 

‘Moryal, i. 457, 476 

Morydd, i. 280 

Moryed, i. 401 

Moryen, i. 893, 476 

Moryon, i. 481 

Moses, i. 510, 660 

Mostyn, Lord, i. 2 

Macertach mae Erea, i. 94 

Mugilock, in Stirlingshire, i. 104, 181; 
Âi. 401 eg. See Muceedave 

Muine see Mynaw 

Muir-n-Giudan, the sea of Giudan, i. 
9 

Mur Castell (Aone Jferŵr), i. 479 ; ii. 
429 

Mureif (sce Reged), i. 69, 172, 291, 
350 org. 470 ; ii. 418, 440 

Murias, city of, ii. 411 

Mwg Mawr Drefydd, i 319 aeg. ; ii. 
349, 350 

Mydne, i. 389 

Mydron, i. 263 





(Edinburgh), b 57, 84, 


Nant I'engarn, ii. 429 

Nantwich, ii. 447 

Nash, D. W., i. 14, 15, 180 og. ; ii. 
305 

Nazareth, i. 502 

Neetan, Nechtain, Naiton, i. 90, 114 

Neddig Nar, i. 396 ; ii, 381 

Nefyn, wife of Cynyarch and mother 
of Urien, i. 82 

Nefydd, w f Tudwal, and a saint 
at Llech Celyddon, i, 82 

Neii 

Neimyn, i 422 

Neithon, í. 169 

Nemedians, said to have colonised 
Ireland, i. 80, 189 

Nemhtur, Nevtur, Neutur, the most 
ancient name of Dumbarton, i. 222, 
308; ii. 821 

Nemus Caledonis ; sce Celyddon 

Nennius, i. 87-40, 04, 179 ; ii. 352 








_—. 





— on the Celtic dialects, i. 


Northumbria, kingdom of, i. 6, 68, 
T4, 178 seg.; ih 452 

Northwich, fi. 447 

Norwegian pirates, ravages of, I 181, 
182 

Novant, i. 980 

Nud, i. 650 

Nudd, son of Ceidiaw, i, 168 

Nudd Hael, i. 189, 174, 338, 885 i. 
415 

Nwython, i. 388, 407, 422 

Nwythyon, i. 402 

Nynaw, i. 808 

Nyved, i. 898 

Nywmon, ií. 438 


Ocni Hin (Sliabnochel), i 99, 156 

Octa, son of Hengist, l 51, 58, 57, 
108 

O'Connor's edition of Zrish Annals, i 
866 

O'Curry, Profesacr, ii. 421 


490 


Odgur, i. 417 
Odin, father of Vecta, i. 108 


Oeth and Anocth, family of, i. 818 

Offer, i. 384 

Ogyrven, i. 500, 627 

Ohan, Haan, king of the Britons 
(Cadwallawn f), i 177, 178 

Olivet, Mount, i. 507 ; ii. 339, 333 

Olwen, ii. 350 

Omni, i. 314 

Orkney Islands ravaged by a body of 
Saxons under Octa, i 51, 108 

Oegaid ; scs Oswy 

Owed, king of Northumberland, i. 90 

Osric, son of Elfric, king of Deira, 
slain by Cadwalla (Cadvan fî), i. 70 

Oes Cyllellaur, an antagonist of Ar- 
thur, i. 57; ii 849, 421 

Oesian's poems, i 6, 142 

Ontorius, ii. 443 

Osvran, i. 311 

Oswald, son of Ethelfrid, king of 
Bernicia, i. 68, 71, 72, 114 

Oswy, O«guid, successor of Oswald, 
war with Penda, i 68, 72, 87-89, 
177 seq. ; ii. 965 

Ottadeni, the, i 100; ii. 359, 945 

Owain, son of Eulad, i 365 

Owain, Guttyn, i. 25 

Owain ; sec Owen 

Owen (Owain, Owein), sen ef Urien, 
i. 168, 232, 306, 311, 324, 338 seg. 
857-967, 374, 399, 471, 488 seg. ; 
ii, 839 9 370, 406, 413, 417, 445 

Owen, Dr. W.; sees Pughe 

Owen, son of Howel dda, i 30 


Pano Pest Prydain, i. 168, 176, 355 

Palech, i. 263 

Pantha ; os Penda 

Panton, Mr., of Plas Gwyn, his Welch 
MSS., i. 2 ; ii. 425 seg. 

ne ap Urien, i. 168, 306, 360; ii. 


Peal, i. 511 
Ponlians baptised Angles in the river 
. Glam, i 68 


INDEX. 


Pebyr, i 808 

Peithwyr, the (Picts), i 229, 888 ; ii. 
880, 403 

Pelis, i. 394 

Pelloid Mirain, i 422 

Pembroke ; sce Penvro 

Pembroke, Earl of (William Herbert), 
his collection of Welsh MSS. at 
Raglan Castle, i 1; destroyed by 
fire, 2; compilation, professedly 
from these, by Llywelyn Sion, 99, 


30 

Penardd, i. 176 

Penawg, i. 356 

Penclwyd, i. 407 

Penida (Pantha), king of Mercia, i. 68, 
70-72, 74, 87, 88, 179 ; iL. 366 

Pen Gethin, i. 336 

Pengwern, i. 370, 448 org. 

Peniarth, the Hengwrt M86. now at, 
i 3 

Penicuik, i. 146; íi 401 

Penmon, in Angleses, ii. 844 

Pennant Twrch, i 318 

Pennant, ii. 443 

Penprys, í. 340 

Penryn Wleth (Glasgow), ií 976; ii 
404, 415 

Pentland Hills, î. 43, 92, 150 

Pentapolis (the Cities of the Plain), 
i. 511; ii. $32 

Penvro (Pembroke), i. 485 ; ii. 444 

Peredur, i. 168, 176, 312, 386 

Persia, i. 566 

Peryddon, i. 310, 436 seg. 

Peter, i. 6503, 520, 649 

Petrie, George, íi. 34 

Pewbr, i. 326 

Pharaoh, i. 631, 560 seg. 

Pharaon, i. 415 

Philip, Hopkin Thomas, compiler of 
Hanes Taliessin, i. 90-32, 198 00g. 

Phillippa, Sir Thomas, of Middlehilt, 
L 83; ii, 857 

Phrygius, Dares, L 26 

Piets and Seota, i. 35, 96, 44-46, 97-119 

Picts of Galloway, i. 48, 86, 179; of 





anu, ove 
Pletheppa, i. 566 

Plo, son of Beli, L 448 

Plot of the Long Knives, 1. 7 

Poli, £546 
Porchellanan, Piglinge (the Holanau), 


Powell, Mra, of Abergavenny, ii. 867 

Powys, i 43, 64, 350, 432, 486 sog.; 
iL 486, 443 

Preiddeu Annwfn, iL, 853, 261, 410 


Present, i. 418 
Price, Mr., on theCeltiodialects, i, 186 
Price, Sir John, received tho MS. of 
Black Book of Caermarthen from 
‘Treasurer of Church of Bt. David's, 
i 3; ii 315 
Price, John, ii. 311 
Price, Bev.'T., ii. 887,843, 353,357, 424 
Probert, ii. 370 
i. 208 


Prydein the Great, Omen of, i. 436; 
ii. 298 


Prydain (Bouth Britain), i. 253, 260, 
268, 270, 272, 288, 295, 314, 337 
aeg. 361, 385, 409, 488; ii. 417 

Pryderi, son of Pwyll, i. 201, 264, 
976, 310; íi. 404 


Rhipheen Moun! 
Rhiw Velen, i. 8 
Rhiwawn Hir, i 
Rhudd, £ 334; { 


492 


Rieddon, i. 433 

Riogan, i. 317 

Riteon'a Annals, ii. 366 

Riw, i. 357 

Riw Llyvnaw, i. 314 

Riw Dydmwy, i. 487 

Riwdrech, i. 392 

Riwrhon, i. 412 

Robert, Earl of Gloucester, son of 
Henry I., i. 22, 96, 209, 223, 239, 
946, 470 org. 491 og. 

Roberts, Rev. Peter, translator of the 
Brut Tyssilio, i. 24 

Rodarcus ; sre Rydderch 

Bodawys, i 364 

Rouddig, i. 392 

Roddwyd Ardderyd, the great western 
pass leading from the Roman wall 
into Scotland, i. 66 

Rodri Nawr, son of Mervyn Frych, i. 
95, 466; ii 403 

Bedri Molwynog, king of Wales 
(grandson of Cadwaladyr), i. 69, 75, 
465 

Rome, i. 253, 270, 519, 535, 546, 595 

Romani, the, i 18, 101, 276, 489 

Romana, the, i. 35, 36, 42-46, 242; 
ii. 401 

Momanus, son of Heasitio, i 99, 100 

Rossed, i. 535 

Rosser, i. 493 

Ruddyn, i. 430 

Ren, ií. 818, 338, 859 

Rua, father of Llachar, i 316 

Run, son of Arthgal, i 181 

Run, son of Maelgwn, i. 174, 268, 
464 


Run, son of Pyd, i. 310 

Rwvawn, Ruvawn, i. 315, 336, 403 

Ryan (Rheon), Lech, i. 341; ii. 387, 
401, 404, 415 

Rychwardd, i. 392 

Ryd Bengara, the, i 470; ii. 420. 
See 

Ryd Bridw, i. 314 

Ryd Reon, i. 310, 373; ii. 837 

Ryd Veen Ced, i. 313 


INDEX. hd 


Rydderch Hael, first monarch of the 
kingdom of Cambria, i. 66, 167, 
169, 175, 212 seg. 231 org. 3811, 
971, 462 scg. 452; íi, 336, 338, 
424 

Ryddnant, i 317 

Rygenau, i. 316 

Rys, i. 368, 892, 457, 486 

Rywoniawg, i. 405 seg. 


Sr. AsAru's (Llanelwy), ií. 62; ii. 343 

St. Cadocus, i 178 

St. Ciaran, i 124 

St. David, ii. 320 

St. David's, i. 3, 18; ii. 318 

St. Ffraid, i. 520 

St. Germanius, i. 36, 108 

St. Patrick, i. 88, 40; ii. 331 

Salyrnin, i. 808, 463 

Saeson, the, i. 102 

Salomon, king of Armorica, i. 68 

Samnair, i. 458 

Sanawg, i. 318 

Sandev, i. 320, 333 

Santwic (Aber), i. 442 

Saraphin, i. 261 | 

Sarran, a sovereign of Britain, i. 94 

Saturnus, i. 540 

Sewel Benuchel, i. 168 

Sawyl, i 334 

Saxons, the, in Britain, i. 35, 36, 
44-46, 51, 107, 286, 301, 370, 378, 
893, 434 seg. 481, 4906 ; ii. 360 

Scal balbh, king of Pictland in Alben 
and of Manano, i ôl 

Scots, the, Ireland their headquarters, 
i. 44 ; -their settlements on the west 
of Wales and in Scotland, 45, 107 

Scuit = Scot, i. 107 

Scuthyn, Scutiaus, Scolanus, an Irish 


Seithenhin Seedi, i. 902, 310; ii 
353 
Seithin, i. 273 





Beon, i. 299 

Servan, son of Cedig, i. 167, 169, 174 

Serven Wyn, i. 467 

Severn, river, i. 68, 975 ; ii, 343, 443 

Severus, i. 540 i 

Shrewsbury, il 448 

Biawn, í. 318 

Sibbald, Sir R., i. 58 ; ii, 401 

Sicomorialis, i. 547 

Silid, i. 316 

Simeon of Durham, i. 92, 1811 

Simon Breac, grandson of Nemeid, 
‘ancestor of the Firbolg, i. 80 

Sinclair, Sir John, i. 42 

Sion Kent, ii, 418 

Bion ; ace Jerusalem 

Biryol, i. 566 

Slamannan, Slamannan Moor (Sliabh- 
manan), i. 91 ; ii. 367. 

Bliabhnochel, the Ochil hills, i. 92 

Snowdon West Castle, i. 57 

Bnowdown, íi. 394, 405 

Bola, i. 540 

Solomon, i. 546, 561 ; ii. 449 

Solway Firth, i. 43, 155, 188 ; ii. 406 

Soyw, i. 564 

Spoils of Taliesin, i. 353 

Standard, battle of the, i. 115 

Stara, son of Nemeid, i. 80 





Syr, i. 566 
Syria, i. 586 
Syvno, i. 381 


‘Ta ARDD, i. 371 
Tal y-Boat, ti 45 
Telan Talyrth, i. 1 
Talhaearn, i. 527 
Talicasin, Book o 

184 seg. 348 ; ii. 
TTalorgan, son of F 
'Tunnat, a virgin o 


494 


Tenby, ii. 408. See Dinbych 

Teon, íi. 431 

(Terra, marsh of, i. 338 

Teth, i 415 

Teudubr, Teudwr, son of Beli, king 
of Strathclyde, i. 75, 181 

Teviotdale, L 173; ii. 337 

Teviot, river, ii. 337 

Tewdwr, king of Gerthmadrin, i. 82 

Teyrnllwg, ii. 449 

- Thanet, i 437, 442 

Thenew, mother of Kentigern, i. 61, 
85, 86 

Theodosius, i. 45 

Theodric (Deodric), son of Ida, i. 176, 
232, 365; ii. 4183, 414, 418. Ses 
Flamdwynn 

Thomas ab Einion, i. 206 

Tighernac, i. 69, 70, 73, 85, 89, 104, 
177 ; ii. 366 ag. 

Tomen y Mur ; ses Mur Castell 

Torhouse, Standing Stones of, i. 171 

Toronia, i. 546 

Torphichen, i 92 

Torrator, ford of ; see Taradyr 

Tottarth, i. 419 

Towy, river in 8. Wales, i 314 

Traeth Bychan, ii. 408 

Traeth Maelgwn, i. 65 

Traeth Mawr, ii 408 

Trahaearn, king of Wales, i 20, 31 

Traethev Trywruid ; see Trywraid 

Trallwng, i. 590; ii. 431 

Trawsvnydd, ii. 383 

Traval, i. 455 

Tren, the, i. 445, 448 seg. 

Trev Talicasin, ii. 840 

Trevor, John, of Trevalin, i. 94 

Trewrudd, i 317 

Triads, Welsh, i. 28, 49, 101, 102, 104; 
ii. 354, 409 


Trecn (region of Brotwn), ii 402. 


Troy, History eí, in Welch, by Dares 


Pwygius, i. 2 


INDEX. 


Trych Trwyth, i. 412 

Trywruid, Tryumyd, Tratheu Treu- 
ruit, Werid, Gwruid, Gwerid (Links 
of the Forth, Stirling f) the scene of 
Arthur's tenth battle, i. 56, 57, 200, 
222, 262, 368 ; ii. 321, 351 

Trydonwy, the, i. 466 ; ii. 446 

Tuatha De Dannan, the, i 78, 79, 88, 
139 ; ii, êll 

Tud Lleuvre, i. 421 

Tudvwlch Hir, i. 378 seg. 410 seg. 
419 org. ; ii. 357, 363, 374, 390 seq. 

Tudwall, son-in-law of Brychan, i. 82 

Tudwal Tudclud, father of. Rydderch 
Hael, i. 167 seg. 179 seg. 

Turner, Sharon, i. 6, 7, 12; ii. 370 

Tweeddale, i. 43, 54, 58, 178 ; ii. 833, 
837. Sec Celyddon 

Twrch, the, 456 ; ii. 446 

Twrch Trwyth, story of, ii. 392 seg. 

Tydain, i. 310 

Tydwl, i. 324 

Tyne, river, i. 43, 155 

Typipaun, son of Cunedda, i. 82 

Tyssilio, i 19, 24-26, 694; ii. 431 

Tywi (the river Tweed), 873, 482, 470 
seg. 489 aeg.; ii 837 

Tywi, vale of (Tweeddale), i. 240; ii. 
337 


UCcHNANT, i. 457 ; iL 446 

Uffern, i. 203, 256, 974, 285, 617, 
646, 557, 563 

Uffin, i. 402, 430 

Ugnach, son of Mydno, i $89 ; ii 352 

Ulad, the (Picts of Uleter), driven te 
Manann, i. 84, 86 

Ulph (Friodulph, king of Bernicia f), 
i. 360 org. ; ii 414 

Ulster, Annals of, ii. 312, 366 

Ulster (Uladh), Picts of, i. 81, 64, 93 

Ultonians, the, i. 86 

Ungust, i. 139 

Unhwch, i. 355; ii. 487 

Urgest, i. 129 

Urien, i. 14, 58, 168 seg. 175, 901, 
213 seg. 331, 275, 919 seg. 841-967, 





463 soy. ; ii. 356, 413, 417, 430, 
450 


“ Tas adw d slog LYS iny 
íi. 410 


—— — 


'Vecta, ancestor of the Jutes, i. 108 

Vectunril, the, £108 

‘Vecturiones, the, i. 107 

Venedotians, i. 595 

Venerus, i. 540 

Venni, i. 432 

Venus, í. 540; ii. 354 

Venus, Fountain of, i. 302 

Villemarqué’s Poemes des Bardes Bre- 
tons, i. 9, 10; ii. 312, 305 

Viviane, ii. 336 

Vochuy ; see Mochnwy 

Vortigern (Gwrtheyrn), i. $14 ; ii. 842 

Yortipore, king of Dyfed, i. 68 

Vyrnwy, river, ii, 43 


WALLACE, WILLIAM, i. 214 
‘Walter, archdeacon of Oxford ; i 22- 
26 


Wedale, Gwaedol (valley of the Gala), 
i. 55, 58 

Welsh Laws, i. 64, 65, 218 seq. 

Welsh literature subsequent to the 
twelfth century, i, 19-32 

Welsh Manuscripts, ancient, i. 1, 2 





A 
'Werid, Gweryd (the Forth), 66, 115." + 
Soe Trywruid. . 


cs 

Williams ab Ithel, Rev. J., his edition 
of the Gododin, i. 11 ; ii. 357, 96 
aeg. 425 

Williams, Archdeacon, his intendel 

‘edition of the Welsh poems, i 8-10 


Winster, river, ii. 402. See Gwenster 

Winwaed, river, i 88 

Winwedficld, battle of, ii. 365 

Wright, 'T., ií. 314 

Wye, river, íì. 442, See Gwy 

Wygyr, Port, in Anglesea, i. 108 

Wynne, Mr. W. W. E., of Peniarth 
Hengwrt MSS. bequeathed to, i. 2 
ii. 316 

Wynne, Sir W. W., his collection « 
Welsh MSS. destroyed by fire, i. : 

Wythnaint, i. 262 


Yannow, í. 178 

Y Brenhyn Coch (William Rufus), | 
209, 223 

Y Gogled (the North), i 67, 82, 101 
165 sg.; name transferred frot 
Cumbria to Gwynedd, 244, 409; i 
366 aeg. 417 

Yddon (river Ithon, Eithon, or Ie 
thon 1), i. 434; ii. 442 


INDEX. 


nephew of Alan, king of Armo- | Ystavingon, i. 264 


i. 68, 490, 442 Ystyvachau, i. 314 
went, i. 169 ; ii. 408 
Manan, ii. 966 ZABULON, i. 547 
n, poems relating to, i. 518 0g.; | Zeuss,ii 370 20g. 
18 Zorim, i, 547 
ig. Yscodic, i. 308; ii. 390 Zosimus, i. 36 
‘an, i. 375 

THE END. 


Printed by R. CLARK, Edinburgh. 








a 


‘Translation and Notes, by the Rev, THOMAS MACLAUOHLAN. 
Iutroduetion and additional Notes by WILLIAM F. BKExm. 8w 
de 





a ~~
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